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New Yo'r k
75he
I
COMM·U NJ:ST
New York, Saturday, June 21, 1919
VoL I, No. 10
PriceS ceuta
Proletarian Dictatorship
A Speech by Nicolai Lenin
Tranalated ~1 J. W-.JenkiD
T
HOt ;C H thf' l a~t MOKmw ~oviet ConpeN came
to t111"' r.cndu... •on that the m"in ta!"k of thr
R u...,_c 1an ~n'if't Go\ernment i~ Lhe creation nf a
ri;! ld oq!'anuatJUn t opr1her with n !>h enpt.henu~ t.f
d •....:•plme. thf m ajunt)· of tlar ....n_rLI"'U do n ot ~ ~n
eiJt'r l11f' 3J•pl•ca\Jun u f (. omp••l~•on and_ d11: t a ll_up
n~~ar,· to tht' rc.~lazntion of th~ dOC'1,.JflfiJo . 1 he
pr~um puon Uta ! the t ran ~ ll •~ n h um 'cnpi_~li"m t u
5oc ~.1 lt!"m will bt- l'()ft.!lll•lr. • ·uhout
com J•UI!"Wn
~nd
d ictAtio n, i.• lt op1an oncl I'C.h"t:le-!> . • Thr \1Ar:uAn
the~J n m r"l t:OI[•h ll tu·a ll y rrfutM 11\1 !\t;C"h ~t.ty·
,.
.,
buurf " ' ''· (l~•ocrntic , ana~cha:-tu: n on:-C"fl<,('_ _1 ht
drveJ.,pment uf Ru....,.. in durin~ tht> _ year 1 9 1 , : 1~.
ha~ i "du::~bh· ron f•rn:«< ,hr ~t .~~. r,um con.:~ph n n,
and only tho~ "'·h o arc H:r)' p.tup1d o r "'ho "'·•Hull~·
rrH'rl t ht" uuth. can fno l to comprehend th i11.
t!l.rr the d u:wto r"l11p 1.{£ 1-\o rnilcw o r !he dinntor·
ahip of tlu· pro letariat ; th:rr con..~ nn uther "'·ay
thl'lnkl- to t h~ tremrndou.~ tempo of d e:,·clopmt"nl
in Ru~..ia and t.h:- ~uddeu trami!U.lD!o due to the dJJ<.organ.iutJOn creotcd br the war.
'
vo--
.,,.~. lcM <'f millioru, of the Jab...ring
11tand that thr»e courta are the orgaDI a{ the
and expl o n~ oa'~ to pa.rticipa!e ind,.;::ndelltl)' of the laboren and poorer peu.a.nD, a mea. ef
tn the atfatn. of tl1~ ~ lalf'-i o admim$teJ tile stale. education and d.iaciplioe.
Thetot mM-se. lea.rn thrpu~h u.eir ~WD e!pCrienoe!
The C'llD&Ciou.mesa, Uw the a:Wn foe~ Of 1M
t o Kl~ ·t the nlllfot reliable leader!! among tl1e d ili·
Ru~•ian rt"''Oiutioo .ire hungei- and UDCDlploJ"'Df!!li
Clplmt"<illnd t'OD'<iOU.' \'IW£"U.1td o f tin: ptuietarinl
did not aufficiently peoettale the m.i.Dd. ,bf 1M
Uut " d icu tor~hip'' i& a "'·ord which sh ould not be
u..oed nl':r cl~· as n hu llo\o· r.ow1d. Oic ta t· rt-hip mas!>es, t.till I~!, the knowledgr. that e.ch oae wl:w,
\·ic.late5 !he diw:ipline DOCC$.S&.t)' d~ the P~
me11n ~ jru11 rn if!l.~ a revol utiona r,·, enc:r~etic po"'·er,
or laltor, i... C4Uling hunger ADd- unemploymeatinrxor.al..!c in t1•r- ~<u pp re-:~i on o f elLplo iter&, L" \o'ell
m u&t be adequately, puni,hed; JDUII be iDd.ica:tid
D!o the ~> l um· prv! c:t.ariat \huodlum., t .
Hitherto th~
belore the J>«>ple and unrelen~ly pW>iabal. Tloo
J-rr>lct.n l<ln J id a ton.l.iF. h1Ui not ix.'ICn stead fast
pet!~ bou r~c:oia ter.denciea, .,.·bic:,h mu be merptenouJ!h. li mml not oc: fo rfullen th:~t t !lt hour·
icall)
com ba~ted, 3ft, due,to I~ of u.ndc:ntandiac
Feo i, ie and pc:m· LvU t flr"'i.!>ie C'Jmhut the So\'iet
p o"'cr 111 h•·o difierenl Wit)·~: in d1e h n,t pl»cc, by 1\nd to ll1e c •rcUlll!li.&DOe that pet11 bourroia ret..
ti o n~ •tiil influenc~ many wbo uy to thame),..:
overt method.. uf cumpiracy. K ornilo,·ist riots, lie:.
"'Aa for me. the rest may periab."
·
. in the p ti!:!-!io of the C.dets, Men~h e\· iki and Right·
Thb comba~ bet"ceu .prolet.a.riaa cli.:ipli:M ad
Socia i· Hf",·ol ution•riC"; and in U1r- t.icl.lnd p lace, by
conceal~· m ean.o. ~uch ._,. the utih z..-, tion of ~II the petty h ourgeoi.a teadenciCii arpean U. iu'IDOC dr•
dccayin!! t:lemenl!. in order to augment b riber)·, tic ft~ rm in the: railroad problem. . , . (After poU.
lad.. .. r di~>Cip lme.. and chaos. The nea rer the com- ing oul t.h'e Deee:Aity ol introdLlCin« ~
vlete f.Upprc...,o;ion o £ bou tl!eoiJ! ?~"''t:f apprriach~, di.Kipline in the railroad admini&tratioa, ~
•.urns up the quCPtioo ·of pc:non&J dict.atonb.ip lb~
t~e F.lc:.alr J hcc(Jate!o the pett )' bourgeois,.,.narchistic
inf: thai n ot only • ·u it oeeee6IJ')' ia (orr..er nl'fVI~
'
ti0ru, bl.!! altO that it doc. DOl· CGDJlict with ...
ifll! milli on!',
There art' two catlHI! "'·h ich mal.e dict.tDnhip
imperati\·r duri n!! the U an .. ition JW=rio.d fro~ car,·
itah.!-m to ~ocia li f.m-ltnd the dJr:t;1tor111np a.uru 10
two directiuzu. TJ,c ru J~etarint cann'ot conquer
\1\' ithn ut ~u ppta~in~ the rulmJ! ci a:.~. who arr n.ot
willinf! to renou nc~ tJu~i r pri,·i l~~. and \1\'ho \o\'111
enclea,·or to o\·erthrow the hated po"'·~r of the JHO•
I.e..,;,.,, Un tJ•c other h and. n o rreat rM'l.llution,
,d above all n o SociaiUt ·r~·olution, i.s. po!!-! ible!
•!tout ch·il war- C\'C!n if n o exterior war if
l ouJ!hL . It doeo uot require much mt ntnl ·e xertion
to undentan d that variow clements, mo~tly . ll.n.>M!
connecte!d with t.ht vrtt~ b ourt;:eoisie. un~ot Lut
re\·eal thnn.<.<lv~ in their true lif:ht by r obbery,
tpeculati on, bribery, etc., and time and an iron ·
band are requir&t to r;uppreu thC*e Lh.inge.
In all ~real re,·ulutiom the people hne in·
atinctiveh· unden tood the tTue ttate (Jf afTairs, and
acted "'·i'thout mercy a,zaimt the bur~lan, who
were o ht'D r.hllt o ut o f hand The mi, !ortunc of
I o~r rl!:"·olutions WA.! thJt the enthWiiasm, whit:b
is nec~~n fo r the reallz.ation of theec meaau.re&,
wu o r ahC'~t1 duration. : Thi! enthu•i~m animated
m R.!i!loiC'l' ool,· l or a !-hort time. because the worken
pll1yed a ~datively unir'lport~ part in former
r~·oluti oru.. The proletaria\ ir. able, if it ia Dumet·
icall y &tron,, d isciplined and d &.M-conacious•. to
a ttract the m ajor ity or the ' Jahoriug and exploited
ma.~ and thWI r etain p ower lonr enou~th to effect·
i,·el)· r.upp ren all exploilet5 and all elemenlll ol
deca~·. Thi.! r;upport5 the historic e xperience which
Ma rx recApitulated in a brief but drutic formula :
..the p ro letarian dictaton.h:p."
Tha t liM" Rua.o.ian l'e\:o lutioo trod the rigbt path
in order t ... fulfill the hi!torie miuion of the wori{.
en. ~ pro•en by the triWD)lt,. which bu been &I·
tained by all thf pcooplt'!'l of Rue!lia, through the
So'·iet powe.r., The So,·iet powtT i!l the organ iration
ol the proletarian l.ietatorabip. the noguard ol the
cl. . which it creating a new dea1ocraey and ioduc-
So'·iet power.)
Nrw York State Lqca4 &Dd ~
a ...... cbea, AttODtioo I
The fir!t mectiD8
:h e Pro ,·isional Leh
" i:tf ~late Caucus 'll'&li hd d in A lloany, ) \ilit
8th. ll\~ !...undlltion o i a Statr.:·'ll'lde organ·
JJ we arr n ot ~. we hn.c: that to ......
n ite the need ol compul1ion d~ tbe .tr..W.•
lrt~m capitaliam to Socialism. The: rorm or c:a:.
pu~s i o n i:. det-'flDinrd by tbe ~ of dnc:lop~
of the rredomiaant n:'\'O)utiO:n.&.'J' d----t. '*-"'
or
iution M'll.., )aid ; in \·iew o f the upuls ion
tactic!io of o ur o&ici.1.ldom it ~hoo\'eti '!''try
U'in~ Local and Branch throughout the
St.l~ t o a&illat~ itKI( with the Pro,·i.sional
State: Caucus &a thai we can all acl in hllrmon\'.
Ta.L.e thie que~tion up at the n ext Centril
Committee mrct.ing o f your Loca l or Bra.nch
and cl«1 a delegl!lle to Srracute.
Minutes ol prniout meeting IC'Dt on requart.
Don'J Jorf.el.'
· Prm:i.Ji.o(IIJJ U/J 'Win« Sl.alt CGU(:U.I med.t
mined by ' that which wu inhcri.lo:l fTOID a lobi
react ionary ......,., and D,- th£ &J'1JIIeCi poww , .
re.i! tanc.e of the boUTlf'Oir.ie:: 'fbt: t!fl'ermae b.
l\1\'ce~ proletHian and hourgeoia dictatonhip U.
in the !act that the fof'IDtr il directed ~w.t 6. ·
Left
in Syro.tuk', July 4Ua.
u ploiti"" rriiMriJy in the i.a.t.e:rest of tbe aploiuJ
majori:y--cach indirido.a.l rdorm il P"~ota:l DCIII
only by the laborint! aud i:zploited cl-- bat u..
UuoLLf!b Lt.cir organiu.tio• (u for U..... d.
. So\'iel) .
In the epedal ...., which io
'
8CDI IO
.
M.uuoUUt ConEN, & crelG,.,.
unity of •·ill.
Pro•~ional Lch Wing Caucu•
del~
the labor -o! btiDCb<oio,
lhour;a.nds and lena ol thoua&Dda. Thia ha
43 W. 29th St., N. Y. C.
aJ..._,..
beea ocknowled!ed by otudeota of Socialiom • ...
firRt condition, and thla ca.n be ereatlld ODJy by . .
euhject i~n of the ..-ill ol thoUN.Dd.. to the will of
memce. These c:lc:men~ canaot be f o~ht IWlely
by meam o f A@'i~tion ; the application Of compul·
•,ion beco me& acoesury. The ml.lre the admioistn·
tion ol .ocicty. and n ot the euppreuioo
the
bour,eoisi~. becomee the chief activity or the So,·i·
eu, J}1e m ore: the People'• T r ibur:d....=--not lynching
court.--mu.t .~ene u tht n•eana of compul&ion.
nu~ rnolutionary Dl8Mell have aJr~dy t.a.ken the
initial alc:p! io the: fi@ hr d irection by thtt ct ealion
ol the: People's Tribunai.A. But they are n ot yell
atrons m oU@h; they ha,·e not yet li..bc:rated them·
.elvee tuftciently from the !lpirit ol the hour~ecUie.
The peoptc are not yd coa.ciow eooll!b lo UDder-
or
dd.orml-1 hy ....
.,r
m odern aitu.ation. we: muit alate tbiu Ml larp
indi,'ii:Jual iqd~atry. i. e... the buil
prodacDe.
and the foundation or Soei.aliam. requi.tw, . , . .
All eonununiution1 ed credential• abould
be
'
one indi,;dual. Thi. •ubjectioa may ....._ . .
mild form of ro.ana@'c.meDl. if grm& cl... ~
nc:~~~F and di~ ipline prevails iD tbc: r_anb ol 1be
work.in~ clus, ur il •dll ba~ to U&UJDe the ---lurm nr dictation il disciplioe .. lu..' Bat i p - cue absolute tubject.ioo ia DeOtiiUJ'Y• b the ~
road coDCef'DS it ia twofold. tbmelold • impona&.
The transition
lro~ ooe political proM.. ID
opother, _,hich ...,., to be ...~r dill.....,., ....
tin,ui!'ht'! the preaent-da; period, aDd wt.er- dlil
tran~itit>n cannN noid .boc:b aDd ncillat:i--. ....
bi~hat perfection of the •epani el ...
tariat il ill iroD dDc:ipUae. .
.
Friday, june 20th
,..a.
Friday, June 20th
MONSTER MASS MEETING
FRIDAY, 8 O'CLOCK-MADISON SQYARE GARDEN
TO PROTEST THE RAID ON n~SOVIET. BUREAU
COMRADE I.. C. A K. MARTENS WIJ..l.. E THE PJUNOPAL
SPEAKER. OTHER SPEAKERS TO
ANNOUNCED
Uoder the auspices of The Ruuiu Soc:ialiat Feder.tion
Madison Square Gaiden
M~di..c;on
Square Garden,
.·
�z
The New Yorio: Co!amuaiet
6h. New York
COMMUNIST
wa.,
~
Ollicial Orpa 01 tho Left
Jou~
Socialiat P.ny
O....ed aDCI C:O..tn>Ded by Local
Cn.ter New Yn
t:tlilor
R.i:ED •
EAoMONN
M.AcAI... I:q;
Anocidu Ed&so:-
•
BEIUAWIN G JTLOW
£dilori<J 80Grd
.
Bwir-UJ Mo.n.agt1'
N. I. H OUk'flfiCR
M. ZUCIEJI
B. D. Wol.Tl:
J. Wn.rNJ<"'
Pabliabod E•..., Weok.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
Yeu --------·-----------S3.00
6I Month•
___ !--___
__________
_____ 1.50
3 Monlh> - -'------- - -- ---- ----
.75
SiJl&le CopieJ , 5 Cerw
lfundle- Orden uf 10 or O\'U, 30 Centa ·a Copy.
43 Weal 29th Street
-
•
•
New York City
Com.radr John Rud haJ lu ·en 1 ranlrd o jew
•rrL' lrcwt in o rdn to fi nil h IW bo.'Jk, ''1\orn.ilotJ
8rrJt -LI/ ot•Jic" u:hich i.J o'nnvuncrd to opp<or in
Srpumbn . u~ tl'ill corvrrw.t l o conlribu.u to IM
ptJfHr duriri« IW ohunce.
In
ga
Gr-tm'
~
th
f t1 Lcf v:·
S«t'
f th
l l\• Soci:li~~~~;,._
~at ~ r~/:r~ i\'r~· ~~-:r~. Th;
Comn:unt.'l e'lrfi'J:o ,: rC'r!in~ • tn the- dd e;=atc:s to
the l\fttlo nal l.d t Win!l Con fe-rence., lhe rep re&ent.alt't'art of lhe rl!'\olutiunat)' ~l'irit of the ""·o rki ~
rna..._.. ~ of Am,.rica. All o,·er the earth the woiken
ar e r il.i11 p to f"r m the ne"'· tbwn which i_., alre&d)·
hri f! hl in thr ea ~t e rn ,.k~-. In RU! :- ia and Hun~Dr)',
the " orkerl' are hU1ldinJ! the neM' !oOC'iet y or lhe
• Socia li,.t Com munh ealt h. C'On... trur tinp Socia list
order out C\f the rh:.u~ of Upita li!'m. In Germ :m~·
th~ :;: pnri iH' itit" arr "' r'~'"~ 11 dt'::l!•t'u tr confli ct for
u.e CUn"JUC'I of po"·er. an d thro\!l!liout lhe old
world the- cl ru..~ co n_
"i'iou! "·nr l.t:-s .srt rnar,.h a llin~
their for ctl! for the 5nal .!.~ sault on the ci tadel of
C..pil.lt li"m - ..
'fb!::Si flte3t cha n!!~ ha\'e prod uc-al much thai i1
p:l or ioul'i And hf'rojc, Ffe.B t Cnmr adec hne made the
final ~arriftce in the hlrunl e, and u.e hearu or
Soci ali"'IA thf' • ·orl d O' 'er heat -.-·ilh new enthu,.iau.m.
our ComradMi han lt«n tried and not ~ound ""'antin g. Hut mucL that cl oud!> the &ky or our hopes
hu al so h11 r~ewJ . Rrac ti on ha.s found a ready
rn;pon!-e in c-.ertain ~ti on~ n£ our mo\·ement, and .
"hal we had h ithert o been d ispMed to bfolit"ooe M'R..'!
merel )' a diflf'fe-nce of ""'BY~ an d me.1n! of accom-.
p li1ihing a cnmmon obja:-t , ha."
den~l oJlC'd
into a
~a~:e3~;~;j~he,. tJ~~~.~~·r:l·~~e ,kn.~f.,~:;~.Ae ~nul~:
rank!! were manv M'hllm "'e felt ""·o~ ld falter in the
dte ifoi \·e hour . bUt f,.". drr;a.mt th at we Wtr.t' har M r in~ ""·ithin our bo1o0m.' lhe ,-i pen of hourtz:eoi• read ion .
A" a result of tht> dt"Yrl opmenL& of the "rrugs le
~hf' mtJ,·ement. "'hO!OC eolidllrit y • ·ap.. our bC\.:l.! t, has
been 11plit in fra~eniA. But our luk admitJI of
, no rerreu , we must profit fr om the experienctf' of
th ~ in Action . It i!l O«au!lt of the!it devel opmtntJI
and bec'au!oe -.-·e are determined In learn the lt:M.on!
they te~ch , thai yo u are to Father in convention.
Tkc o5ct. "''t'Te tl•oratt«hly nnNck.od. m0111 o{
the paper!l ~eiud without anyone being allowed to
m~e a record, and D"uch w:antoo ~ done,
"·hile Com.r.d~ ~tanena and memhen uf hi.. •tali
d
--' bd
h
..-ere ugl'"""
ore t e commi ttee an.J •uhjected to
• @Till in@ l)rhind clolled door~ evn~ belntt deuied
couin-cl. Find bg that thew: bruul lM:tiCI l'' tr"e
not a& populu as " ' &.5 ima~oed, the commi nce ha.s
t.Ucn u :fuFT in • denial o r r~pomibil it y, tho u~
thr C.ct that it proc:erdeJ to p;IJ the men &.frm:r..l
dearlv prO\'et that the raid W»!l cvried out
ila
cllrer:tiona.
'\\"hilt' it i~ true that Rut-!ia is not recorni.zed by
the go\:ernmt-nt o f the linited States, )"d ~·ond
douLL Comrade Martens has a Km i-ofbcial 6laluS
in this c.o untr_~'- On bem~~rointed to h i~~o pr~
office he not1f1ed the Feder a t;o ,•rmment of bi!l
presenct and h i!! mi,.!- ion h~r~. Tnt::!le fac~ w o ~.tld
~ l!ufbrien l, under an)· ~o,·ernment carr ied on with
r~~~t for the oh~,· anc e of capit a l i~ t '' lepalit)'."
to prottJCI Cum rade Marten!- fr om inte rference ft um
IIR)' h•Urce otl1er than the FWeral GovernmenL
Yrt th_i ~ CO"_l mi~tee. - ·!,ich i~ at hn1 on I:\ an o&ici.al
Stste mn~stl~a llfl f; hod,·, ~11 urnea the iu'hctioD.! of
U~e n aliuu.:ll flO,·emme.nL If e\·eq· private indi\'!dua l~ "·ho h1 ppen1 to hne auffici,.ot moneved in ftu t:JK"e behind hin1 . i11 lo ~ a ll owed lo · Ul'utp
~o,·~rnn .ent u l po"'·en- , thm nen the b~-!1 of ca~
11aJ1..t goYe r nmf'n~ are brokt- n dm.·n snd the countr y is homded " ''er to the ru le tJf t~ moh.
Bourpeoi!- 'democrac~· ret.b upon the 6c:t ion thai
til e FMernme-;1 is the orFa.nizN "'ill of the ~ople.
l un~·tio n in~ though dul~· 31' 1Kiinted rep rnentati H~·.
lnder the lawf, "·hid1 it hal' ~ up fo r iL" own
•afety. the ri~h t ,,f thr indi , id ual to a c~rt ain mo.
dicum "' lt'Curit)' fr om indiM: riminale violence U
~ultrant ~. Sor i ali ~U h nve ha d ample demonJtrati un that, in th ~ d:.~·a o f t ou~rin,:; cap ita li,:m.
f'\l'll I he prett'II!IC of th~ fU.1tantt'W' II ha.' been
~"·rpt a:.ide. T he O\'etafl e "'fttker hall )d to lum
t.hc lrue nft turt' of hrourj:eois' f!:O\'ernmt'nL Arc-.biba ld l. !-te,·en~m and the Lus.L: i n n~N igating comDlittet are con!:-ibuti rg to hie cduc...lton.
v,-
Recognizing "Ruaaia"
AFTER
~ O\·er tlolo'O years of in i'Jl:itou! intr itue thtcapitalil'il J'O"''"n' o r" the "'·nrld h an· fin;.;;,. de-cidf'd i;:J I murl" ,;r !c:-.,. ('lf.'('t: p') 'i~· y 10 "·ard.~ R\;~· i.a..
And d •o:-ir deci :-ion ii in li ne "'·ith then prt'\'iou.s
:•;~riio'~ ~~~o~d~ ~i.~~iu'~~~-3 ~1'~':%'~~~~~ •::!!. :~
d
dPt'iti on. an
.
art> 10 rec:rive, open)~· and officia ll,-,
""·nrt~~'h:li~l 1 ;1~ ~~e ~h:e~~ti:~:. ~/~~:'i~t~
.
P o"·eu is a f1ll i"'l! co nclu !- ior1 to one of the b t:.d:.~
chapten in lht' hi!itC\t)' of the "'·orld--the ltor~· of
~:rre~~~~~=:; ~~:i~~ IO •trang le the ~truggling
It i! needle.oo!i to rcr:nunt her e the ouutand irlf'
point~ in th i11 foul flt ory : Bre~.t Lilc\'llk and the
fouh~eq uent German im·af.ion: 1h1 Allied in us ion;
~:m-:.~~;.:•~:mv~:;;a~~eunc~:'n~:;:~~o!1 ~tii~~o;m=
P••
tAe inkr~•t ojtlw country . . . . my
~,.,
aJ lhe m Omf' nl wMn ~ Bol..hevi.ici au tk[uUuly
crwkc/ II. ill ~ l.o fU t~ dDk (o·r the d~dloM ~
til,. CoiUiilu.t:rtl Auembl, . . . . Rw~t.o cannot nGIIP
OIJd COII~I in tk ju.ture et!U ~ GltytAin« bul a
dC'mocr(ll.c SJ4h 11.•Mre oJ/ qu.ulioM &nvollliJ&I
modijico.Jio~ of 1~ JuriuJrMJ fro~ .nJ oJ
rxtnn.al rrlotion.' mu.tl be roli~d by 0 reprutnt.
tn~ body u•Ai.ch it I~ n.alio1141 upreuion of ~
P<Oplr' J 1 01~ fdj.'nly . • •• tM Gove ~nl offi,..,
~ rqll41ily br!Jort: lh.t: low o j all cili.;:eru w;itJ&c.ul
Oil)' 1prciol pri· ·ileg,.
All ,A,al/ rut:iflll!. ~illaou.t
tii.J1 ;nr.1i.cn oj orisin or rt:li«ion, 1M pro~eetion of
~ S14k and oj lk low."
\\' ith ll:ti• reply the p eal Powen e:a:preu themad ves N.ll:.fi,J. and money. food and munition. of
"·•r are to ~~ furn i.shtd, that the bl oodv· ""·ort of
m.alin~ Ru ~!in 511 le for capitali11m may So 00
TI1e recognition ac:x-orded Ko lchU h;a.l' not come
u a t.urpr i~-t lo that &eetion of the -.. orlu:ra which
und~tanch. the forces 11t work.
Capit.ali51-lmpe-ria li ~ m co ultf nol do other than opr~ !lolshevurn. The fU CCC51; of BoiJ.e,·Um in H UAS i;~ , or in
11n y country-. r.p~ll s the doom of the presen1 eyatem of fiO<; II!ty. and tht> men who are assembled at
Pui s ate conun il' siont'tl to lot!~!! that , whate,·er elte
mn )· happen. cotpitali !'Jm ~urvi ,·a.. h ·.vu ·for Lhia
res .. on that the .o\ s.'tOCi at ed Po~·era 6nt undert ook
th~ i nnL~ i o n of Rus.., ia under co,·er of 8Jl6i ~ting the
Cz.t'C hu SJ.:,,·al:s to leave tl1e countn and tde 1he
field atz:ainst Germany on the WeN~ ff onL la n.si on hu been a ho~t.e failure.
Th~ r~ rm an ad,·anc.e into RUII!I ia after Bre.tLit on,k broke d o"ll much of the d it~apeeme:nt tbat
must - ~ec;~ari_l )· ari!ie durin~ the .first da)'l of the
tram 1tt~n pt:no~ fr om ca pitali.!! m to SocialU.m;
the ~IJ.rd ln\'a!i ~n ""'ept ""''' Y the remaiointt: d i~
l'f'nt.'o n!'. and umtcd the "·h nlf' popul ation l!tOiid ly
aJ.lam!lt ut ern ul •rrrto.~ion. For 0 ,·er a ,·e:n &1 ,.(.e,·ik Ruf-~i• ha.... IH:Il"n hetnmC'd in Ly a r ing of
forc: •fm bayondJ. , "hil t: fam ine rlutched at i~
throa t, hut lo,H man lhr Au ;;.... i• n ""·orl.er" and peuant!!, o ften wttJ• no olhr.r M't'apon!- ttUi n J.he ir bare
h ands. rOH" to . the defense of the ft\'Oiut ion and
thru j;l bac_k .the im ud~r&- .\IJ tite lime crying out
the t=lad tH:hn~!'· o f thelt """' frerd om tn tlu-ir com·
rade - ·orken of otlu;r laocfs.
CheCL-ed in th,.ir effort!" to o\·erthrow tJ.e Solt.hf'\·iJ..i h)· a military ' im·a ~ ion the grea1 powen
rc."''O Med to the dark ~-a~" of diplomacy. 1-·ut here
tOol lhr - ·orke.re' Go\·emmerrt OutWIIlod ·.It[,,.r~· r"OI' nMI. m2rlt' to d i•uptthe worker,' hrr
lolo 3!- at•• "'ereO M'ith appall infl frankn~. often
replies. O\'et the h ead~ of the govemmenta., to lht
penpln o: th e Allied countries. And then the All it!- l.leffan lh ei r rolicy of waitinl until atar\'ation
would do it! work . • ·aiting,with but enough mililary
arth·i~· to dr11w men from the field., 1~1 they reep
nrw crop• and balk P..Lan·ation. But ~ain the Bola~.
,·iki conquered ; the work en of the Allied cnuntrim
had heard the voice of Hu~ia and ber.ome reatii'JI!III,
and louder and louder gr-ew the demand to withdraw
the troop&and let Ru&..'! ia carve her own dt:IJl iny, a:ntil fin all y the Yer)' trOOp!- became. "conupted.."
. Clearly in _face of thee dificuhim it wu irnpc.
aHem pi to cut o'ff Petropad and •Larvl! iU popu· s~:eri:~~e :::t:c:•~n at)~oc::~i~~e ,t.~v:C~C:O::
lation to death: t~e food b lockade lo acco mpli.§.b
And
K I halt
led
the !iiOr\'llti on of the - ·hole counlry; the anemplcd l:~~t :~ment oro All~ed . re!i:~s It ';:\;,:
d~tnction of the crO'ps of the Ukraine for the aamc I t d
f bankru
... . I
pur pof e ~ the S i~r i an death tra in: tht who;ew.t.e· .:e ;(;ff:a~ attempt ~0
pt l.aptla iun to
;:~'~" d~~~re:.~~l~in;~;·,r:~ PJ.~::~~d; ~:,i~
The treatment aoco~ded RuWa wu to be the Kid
test of the ~ood witt of the AJiied natioD.!. eccord·
Mr W 1
Bu th ood 'II f
·
lllf!: to
.
1 &On.
t e
WI
o DllJooa
matter!l ltHie thf!."t: da ys, and ~1a i1 fated _to be
more than the te&t of good
RUAsta u the
•c•~ lt:llt of ~e auc:ceM o_r fad_u_re of the wo~ld
.ac:ra.l revolut•on. ln theu- ab•l!ty . to ~I W1th
into tke 'belid that 8ol ~ht'\· i!lm was a foul. and
,-iciou~ 1\'rann\· . .. All t.he!'f' ftnd coUntlesa other incidrnt.!l 8re §tAmped on the heart!! of the cl ass tob ·
~~eio ue "'·orken of all lands in )etten of lh·inf!: fire.
And nnw C"omes the recopdtion of Kolchak ' 11 OJ~
re,-ime. and lhe promi ~~e of added men,U. to the
f{
w:•ll.
~::::e~:':~!'·~~~~k :.~:ti~i~ ~=~S:iab~~ ~a;t.:~t b==~a~l~f ~ ~r:!i~~r:rk~·~dg;!: , !~~~r~:l ~ef= :: ;1:: ;.aJ•~:~:~o= tb!
und.ta nf pol itic:.al and indU5trial opportuniml. ut
on the aolid roc:k of te\'olutionary Socialiam. The
tAU i• no
one, youn it not to. pull dott'D the
old atructure., it hu fallen of its own izmate decay,
but to corutruct the DeW.
0.. your actions, ud abowe all oa the .c:ti oa. of
the men and womeD in whoae PUIHIJ you •peak,
depeods the 'immediate futarc .:.f our movemeaL
The eym of OW' Europeu Comrade~ are ohm
turoed towarcla America, they are • ·atehins ua in
lhil crilia. We know Uw 1 ....., will be worthy ol
easy
U.. took ODd doe boar.
Mob Go't'emment
T
HE toDUI}iHee • ·bicb is at preamt wutiUJ the
muncy Of th:~ people of New York State iD
wh1t purports to be an iD••l«•tioa of Bolahevi.u:n.
diltinl!"ishod iuell on June 12, by a brutal
raid on the ol"ac:ft of Corm;•de Mar1en1, the repreeentative in this coW'Itry .of the Ru ... ian SOvd
GoventmenL The raid wu c:ol!duncd by the Stale
coiUUibulary. h.. dod by one, Alcl>ibald E. Stnm·
aon, who •pparmtly derivu hia power from the
lad lllat h< ia oocn<ary of U.. L'ni"" I -.u• Club,
... d the nn•or 1hal ho io about to bo siftD • job
ridt the iD'IfllliSaliq coaunitML
.ntl.
.
In their letter propoein~ the llep the Aa&ociated
Powers at ill Ute the urne ideali.Jtic I~ wbidl
ebaracterind their announc:-emeat of inttrTeDtiGa.
Then they diUYowed any de.\re to .. inte-rfere ia tbe
intrmal affain of Ruuia;' and proceeded to illlerfere ae fnt aa troops could be ahippcd into the
country; now they u.e the aelf -t.aJDe npnes.ion
""·hile throwins •upport to the only elf'merlta which
•ill conform to the won& tr•ditions of Curill nale..
-r~ AUi<d ODd .fuocioud
..uA
lo d.clor• .f.,..Jiy :ltat IM obj«< of lioN ~
U fo roe11ore peou trilh.in R.u1W. by eublin.8 Uc
c-.........., ...,.,
RuuiM ptOpk ao re.MUne conlTol oj W.ir 0111" -1·
lair.• !A roup 1M ilu~y of • freely •~
Co...U...."' ,f....,.!JU . ... ~ ,.w, 1o bo _ . .
""" 1/oooc "'""'" lltiy .,. prc,..,.M 1o _.,. ·--.1
for I~ ci•IIGA4 Hlipxu libony of ~ IWui<a 0.
IUetu orwl Klill maU n.o -.emp£ Jo rwiatroda.c. Me
re1ime "' h ie~ 1M r~U,.,w,,. ,._ deMroyed ••• • So
tbe miAeraMI farce of democralic aima coDI.i.D.Iae&,
a~:d in h:.O ,..ply Kolcbalt, with the blood of the R...
aian workers and peaaanla ad'll dripf,i.DI from. hia
bayoh<U, with U.. ink oD hia ultu., orblclc!ia& the
workcn to or(lraniA uder
of cleat.b.. IICIIl
yeo dry, the...,. 1....,..... . .. I &Mil-
peaahz
..,.;,. ""' - - ..,. ,..,., *" ...,...,. llr
'
bl•ck..Blain of lhe acid. ten of !'JOd
. • will The r&.
f K lehak · th
c1n,
f th f 1
cogtuiiOD 0 r~
11'
e •
- 10 C~&J •
are of the AI 1 .eht!!~Ja to defeat Bol
°
Newa About Kolc:bak
�The New York
Comm~mial
A Reply to a Non-Partisan League .Farmer
B,. Ja1 Lo••to"'"
v.
(Co nl~
Ha1.1t wr n.ol
of FtJmlu, ?
l'\o! Thi'
qu~tio n
from liUt wtd.)
in f!lorlA _DaiwUJ a Sovid
df"• IA with the diffefe"DCefo be-
twrcu ·the So' tet tu.d U1e .bour@"f".oi!l parliamentary
;tate. Ftnl of all, vour '"So\· irt~" are baJo<d Q.h the
,>onderou.!l 11pparalu., of unh·en;al •ufTuge. A
reuuinr 5 0\·ic:t rrpl itfl imnn:d u1tely on ~uch or~au
lc J!Toup~ ~ ..~·"'P· fa'ctor~· . mill and .o forth. ~
ond : ) our "Sm·ie!'' ha!i no aeriou.. ~uarantee::,. of
inunrdiate and dih:cl relation kh,·een elected and
elKton.. Titirdl y: Your •·so,·iet'' i' chC~..r..n bran
~tmnr phulili ntlb.. f.lf rl"·tun "·ho entriJ!<I full power
tn uther!l for a vear or w. In the ~enuine Savitt
\Jo"'Hrr, thr So,·ict f'loctor" remam al•·a)·• uniled
b\· the comlll wm of thrir work and their uistence.
The So,·itt ddr-Ealr i11 ' olw"'')"ll ~fort the worL.eu'
eH:"i. .ltnd hr (:otn he ordered. ccmureJ, removed
and replaced at an~· moment. In a real ~ovir:t U11::
r rJ.Ir~• , t t~ t i ,·es nrr directly ,·oncerned '"'"ith" induatril'!'. Herr ll•t' riJ!hl to \"Oir i.- no pri\·ilege ar char·
ity, but o r i ~ht onl)· of s l aLorin~ citizen. Under
thr. ~O\' tet rule no n~trn t of" a c.u pitali~t pol itica l
p:arty dri,·t!. an~ une to thto ballot LoL Becau:>e tlJC~
So' 1t:t \ ' olt=r mu~t join a v•orke rs' organization, tltere
ran ·~ no !liU" of indiffen::nl \Uien u under par·
liamentary drmocracy .
A:- ide from'the above it must be: remembered that
a ~onrt reprncnts only the industrial and the
agykuhuu.l populations. h rloeo not allow the
t:lp)oiter!o, OMne:~ of farm... for lp«U)atit·e pUl•
J>f*:.t'l-, f<~r eumplt-, rr-pre:.enta tion. Thi: f"orth
fl.lL.ola ''So,·iM" i~o ba~d un a union of all clas&e~,
Lif! hourFeOIS, liule bol4f!eoi!> and "'' orkin~.
The arhiLTan·. ,eo~aphical nature of the .hour·
ft:<.oi~ ~tate is. &till retoined br ):.OUr ..Sovtrt." Did
not the Lu lk ,.( ,·our ..Sovit-t'' ' 'otcrs F'> to the RepuLiiran l'ar1)" ~~ the l.t.!t Congr~ion~l decti~M?
!-bt l1o"· lonE A~n Wall it !ha!. the !'on·Parttun
l.ea@:Ut: farm o• ·ne.rf, co ntrollin~ your ' 'Sovid..l..
..;.r-rr dir krr illf! "'ith the I. \\', \\'. farm laborers, the
arriruhura l proletlliri"t, about the "'' llft'ell "to be paid
the lrHtrr :' Arc theM: indust. t.;.: :~orken . all owed
·.,. vour ··sm·iet''? h i.& not true that the
:IHICUrtuiaf proJ,.t.u ie• . th~ (ar.n·hL"l:i!. ! f t unable
t ) · partici plli,~ in t¥ \"Otin1 for ~·our '"Soviet" b&~au~ of their )~~;¢k of l''oJ~r reaider"~ti~~;l qualifica·
tion." '1 1\n, vou hll\'to no .OS(wirf', In a real Soviet
-.n(~· the ;ogficuhural and the i'nd~strial labort-n
•te and rule. Youn i!, a po litic.! organi.ution
.(.lnllotle-d b~· farm tlwnt-n and not by farm labor'·
.....
;·
The ~ ialilll.l. o ( l"orth Dalota. wbu hue become
the b-aCkbone or the !'on-Parti'-&0 tci&N peace)
Leaf(Ue h3\'e. like "moderate Socialini" the world
o,:er, a midd),..cJa;..s conreption of the State. Thi.J
-conr eption ariet::A from 'the latest tendencie! in cap·
•.tali11m. The •maller copitalisl! are bein~ preased
1ard b,· ~ntra l iz.c;d c.pital and b)· the men rising
f Olio the ranks and u.e wa~e working daM. Your
~b~.h Dakota fa rmer" 8re preNoed by the lar@'t: trutt
:ompani~ on one ~iJe and by the a.~icuhurd pro·
e1arint on the other. T~erefOre your 1\orth Da·
t otn ''SO\·iet" is "tociali.zing" man y enterpri.tes to
H!lp the rarm 0\lll~tl . The midtlle clal'!l bun i~
tope! on an nlen~ ion of llitate acti\'itie<. By the
ntelloctual proletariat. another tection of the
.. iddJc ciQ.'\S, tJ1e eXIrruiun o£ •Ute acti\·itie. is
·l.~etialh· ..·elcomed. for nw.)' new o&'x-ial jobs
~ operird up. To fd the3e johs, euminAtionl'
st be paa.sed. And '"'' ho can paM them better
.m the intelltttual proleta-riat ? Thus the en·.
ire middle claP IICIC!l in the state a ttlorified in,:ti·
.:t•tion-a mean A of .-ving the world! The middle
cla.s~~ ideal 1tate it a ~ate which control! industry
and rewards uch aecordin~~: to hia ..ability'', The
trap-•r pha~~e of this atalc and municipal owne-ndlip
iJ that it i' heralded os Socialism in practif!e..
The middle claas i1. ans:io~ ..to _ape the lu~
of the r.ich. consequently theU" 10C1aJ demand. um
a1 incomu.
Whereaa, the demand of the waplaboTn is (or the MJCial control of wealth created
by labor in order to .cbteve eco!W~ic Jr«tlom..
But a careful eumination of the •a.noua llld.e eo·
terprillin · de6nitely ahowt that they do not make
!or the economic freedom of the laborer. but that
they rather .. ren¢teo ~pitali•m and daM rule.
1be srowing induetrial unrmt compels all proper·
tied interest~ to roore snd more rdy on the Illite.
..Publ ic: order" mwt be maiatnined. lD ..aociety'•"
oame u.e •Late must crush .ui.kea. The eapit.alilt
clu; contend. that the llat.e repreMnta. aoc:H!ty in
order to hide the claaa Dafure Of tl\t etaa.e. 'Ibo
Left Winll holch lhat r:Jorm Do«n&ms a.re meaDJ
0 ( mi.tlcadiog the AmcrK:an JlroletariaL Tbe OOur·
poi1 ie fear a ciUI CODJCiOUI proJet.ar~ ~d bmc:e
they striwe lo coaf u..e the '"'·orken. Nahonal 110d
munk ipal control are inherent in the highn ltage
of capitalism. Munic ipal and Illite oWnership are
u much ....&epa" to,.·ald Socialiam u the per_al
b'II:Djl toward.t OODDtlllntion ud ~aliutioa Of
capital ia. Brecau.e our rulin~ clua wu mmaoed
by a forri,n ruling clu.., Ameriu adopted many
•u~·~~=ie:~.-~~~~0~..the
~haH we 6rbt for or q;aim.t tbete "immed.idt
improvements?'"' ukea t.be ·modera.te --socialiiL"
Frum thh w~ aft led atTai&ht to tbe obj«:t of .a
prix wu nursed to a gigantic tize. Today the ret·olutiooary Socialilt political party. What ia . .
Atne) ic-.an bour~~isie is coms)t:llcd to es:tend stale PU'}Whe of • ciUI<O..cioua p roletariaa party?
control bocau!IIC it desire~!. to hold the markc:~.a it lb object should ~ none other than to alnya bold
ha.o, · ·on dur ir.~ the '"'' ar. \\'hat· i& more, indultrial be:ro. c the - ·o:·k.ins m...a the ideal or retolutiunreo-t mU!I be curbed and the workers muat be d.it- the itleal of 8 ocw ~iety--a Commundt toC:aecy.
r:ipljued. The nominal \111' 8(:ei- R\.11.)' ri~ b'Jt onl)· at.· A Sociali.•H Party abould ~roaden· the
ol
tbt• upen~oe or the prole1ariat being trrannized by the proletariat into claw ..ctivity, a.qd .boul althe o&idJ I bureaucralll. Whatever £reedom lhe waya point out the nature of c:apit..lial!l. ~ So""·orking clas. hed, ia h at di~apP,eJrintt. And the cialisb 1 houtd rlOi wage c.ampaigna for the traa.
proletariat's t-ocial position is being !owned.
formalion of the Jlate or for the en)~ or ill
An e xlent-ion of !'late control mean•· a further ex· (unctiOm . A SociaiUt political party m01t aJ,.ayw
ten!!ion of loour,;wi.s control -o( lhe prCN and edu· be on guard v.ainat the ,-,ductioo of the proii!Urill
cational institution•.
.
·
by the slate 1ictiritiee iD bla ...bcoe6L" ,The pu· .
The :nterots of the bour~eoi&iC. mi..nife~ting them· liamentary c:unp.aigu and the l~l•t\U'e ofl"~ •
llof!'h·o- in thbe. mold the laburCT'I'I politic.) ideu.
a meam of Ui>ttNiDt!; OUI eJUJ i.nt.er•tl, aJid of
T o male fit ill more secure the bo ur~L!t coDtrol of erpoains bourseo~
· c1. . iat.crN&L
•
the st.ate. the worL:ing-<:ln!>, lhoush aat gT"C-&l diud.
/ ..J.
\"afU;s~. ia nner a ll o"·e-d to decide really import·
The pclic)' of
I Win!. or l'ftolatioa.uy
ant mea!>urt"!> in capitali~t society. Was the Ameri· Socialism, is nntheT to Opp0111e or to rropoee lb..
can -.·orL.anc;-cla...,s' ~i\·en a chance Ly ili democracy .. immedi1te dt!llli.Dda.,"" thew: ..aoeia refo,.."ln Pb.." UJH•n the dm-laration of war. financing or thiJ "':hole tam~i :or "'beneficial at.ate tctiriliiia the \Ooai , con!'-Cription, the &piomt~e Act?
No! lUte eapita!Um." The aoeial 1reform of lla&e ~ ' .
TIID,UFh the AmericAn capitalin d.ss wu very well it.alism ia today • f.a. to which Soc:.i.al.\am · - .
equ ipped to '"'·in tucb a tat, yet. JJC!Ie mltten wen: adjuat itae1£.
too \'iUI to capitalil'm to e\·en take \he least chance
The Ld't W~b@: doee DOt i.nteDd' to abud011, tile
• ·ith lntnference of their re.alilalion. ·
immedi 1te IU'~!Ie. To the Left Wins the ~.
C.apitali:o-m i:o- in iu death throet.. I~ inherent diate demanda that ariae leJ'Ve • the dyJWDo of .U
contradiutiom- hll\'e bn:ome a fette-r on the •~atem action. By mcam of 'tbem we smer•~ nrt'Oiaac..
of produr lion. It i" for this reatoOn that in the lut ary currenta amongst the . prolet&ri&
By
dec<~de ur t'"'O hpitalisrit iA rcl~·ing ever more on aggreash·ely erl#llf:in& .in this· acrugle tbe rwol•
the rtalr. State control really rm-ans a better or· tion.ary aparlu latplt in tbe proletariat cu ba
f!Mi7.erJ capita)iem, ancJ it ill the l.l.!t effort o( the fanned into ~·oJutiouary fire1 q:aiul \lae iNar·
bour1f'Oi11 claM to Jtla,·e off iu do•"Dfall.
!-eoi, i.:.. We employ tb.4 atrug;le aa a DNIIM ol
v1: Sholl rr, R<fw• a Baby'1 Cry for Food fk. . promoliDB the hal "'"'Uio.
·
,
ccw.se It Con't Ea.1 Meo1?
An' analyAia of the izr.mediate problea:il OODfnJIII..
ThU. que.tion touc:hl:f- the heart of the 1ocial re· ing the ~mericao workin« claaa will belp • clarify
f onn controvtn)'· h deals wi•.h the to-ealled lhi' 4faner. Let w an~Tyr.e the an.itockll ot ret•
"im.EDC!diatt: dem.anda."
lutionary 'and petty hourseoia Socialism .towardl
At the ou~ let u.s look into the why and where· them. Fint. let us ta~e the IJ.Df!DploJ1DC12t probJ-..
fort u~ c.aroiUllisl r~fonns. h maut be ktpt in mind The tide or unemployment ia riaiD&. Shall
.hat ,.·hen one f!Jteah of· refonna, he is well a•·ue · lo the capitalilt clau "'Gc oat" ~ preito--cbcn
will' be DO unar~ploymeat?
tt
0 ( 1he fact that the capitalif.t ,.r..tem i11 not yet over·
thrown. and th•t the "refornL.... are to M "anted
The Leh Wins bolda that UDSDploymmt--n:llla
bv capitali~u.. ~·hv do capit.liJ~ @'rant reforms? diNmployment-U. aD inherst c.haracteriltic ~
· Thrre 8 re ''"':o rC:~ont. Fir!lt, in 'o rtler to ~<tiRe upit.alism. & Joas u Capital lAm cWaaa there will
'the e\·er·increa!in~ CIBM-contciousnm!l or the -.·ork· be dil'eiDplormenL
The ptlo blem caDDOI . . .
ers. To the capita)i,.t claw., aF to otheMi, an ounce ..1 oh·ed" ulons u capitali.a:D U:iatai:t. Ualike ...
of prC"t'ention i~ '"'·orth a P~.u~rt ,or e~re. ~r "ant· ~ty-bourseoia Risht Wins Soci•l~ the Laf1·
irtfl cert3ln ••jmpro,·emenb '"· th~ UJ~med•ate con· \\'in~ believe~ that aol e\'eD lh~ eapi~ ~ ~
ditioro of the •·oi~eu. the captt.luH htde!! the clatw\ miracl~rft•"· that Cod of Right W1.01 ~
naturr o( the prCJoent !'~'Item of production.. ~y can ...oh·e • this prol.l~ Tberd'ore the Left
apparentl y b<einF- kind to the •·orlu~r, ·the cap•t.alla.t di.~dai 01 p,etitioniof: t.be t':"'Sidert. .a the c6::ial
hide! u.e conflict (1( intereal.A and promot~ the pro· OfF-an or llittht Wiogiam, TM Coli, ~ Joae.. '!I~
letariat'• belief in the brotherhood of labor and will not petition even a fourteen·poml cap•tal•
co~~pit.al. Thus the spiril of indepe-ndent clua ,.,.,;on champion (or the e&t.ablithment or Govenmeat [m.
b,· the proletariat i!l dampened. Rcflr:ct for a m~ plo~-mmt Bureaus. What more ·dansero• ~
ment 0 \'Cf the cff«t' of the "\\'tolfare Bureau!," or agaimt the proletariat could be BiYal tbe
profll·!ohari~. and other immediate "reforms'' on ~o,·errune.-,t than control or employmeut. Whit
the empl oyee!'. The exten!live social reform prO· chance "''ould a ·labor tpokmman. a bduoded '".P.
p&m o( (',ennany Jllaycd no small part _in cc:ment· t..tor," have 0 ( rettins a job? Pt:rha~ tAia W>i"f! th~ proletarii,.P lop•h y tn the ka1.er. The count.i for j, P . Morgan'• BGJerotity iD cqllttibathera lded "c.on~<tructi\'e refomu" fou~;ht for by :.he ing thouund11 of dollan for the ~ of.
SociaJ. JJemoc:ratic P " rh· t~ le :o a ~rea,t e1tent re- thrx .. public'' employmezu bureeua! 1.-..i:D to
l'pon~ible (nr !he bl00d..,hal ,i n GennHn)' today. ..,ol\'e.. thi.a "nroblem... of eapita.Jiam; r-.cti~,
Modrute 5ociali!lm in Germany. •,. everywhere, utopian SociaiUm llf[it.ta f"or nnemploJlll'f"ll iDA:!·
u~ribed to bureaucratic pelt~ bourFetlis rd'omu a ance. Hu imura.DOe ner doDe away with ....-.
creati' '! ret·oluJiof'ary ,·alu~. T~e effect of theec ~e-- ploymen! anrwher~? h'o! Not ~ ~ Cenaar
form umpai,n" hu been to dupe the proiH.an~t t~~~·here the "Sociali.Jh" uow h..e a maJonty!
u to the clu!l naturr of the Ptatc · a.nd bourfCOI!I
But unnot anythi.n« at all be done to ·~ the
democracy. The Gnman prolct.arill'! wu misin· immed1a1e dia!Je~A o( UMII!lploymmt? Y~ ~
rnnncd a~ to the nature of t.lle Commu.' list order.
Wing bd • plan or.
And today Germany is not a land of aovieu hut a immediate dem&Dd. And m thU
le tbe Lilt
hi~ boUI"Ieoil republic!
Win~ HJe~ • meam of promotiltf the
~ ·
1nere i1 another rea11on ("r the cepiuliat.•llgrant· Suppoee there are 1oday two millioa UDaBpiCrj.i:l
ing .. impro•emenl!... in the worken' condftio.as. in An:M:riea. Shall we
c1ur f"J'f"J
The only U8e the eapiuli.JI hu for th1 prol-:t ar~aL tom of paper (pebtiona)? SIWI we app..l for . .
U exploitation. But to be capable of nplo1Utaoa YOiel of ''all liberty lo....U. eitu-" ud ~
a laborcT must es:iet. He mU..t do more ~an thaL them a ..10lotioa" by iaauaace? No! 1\e "
He must !iYe. A broken-dawn worker d ine6cieaL · Wins would .bow tbe why ud lhe ...........
Oa the whole, lhe bour,eoilie are not .. stupid ~ployment. Tbe.J..efl
waelcl . . . . . . .
u loOIDC of our twentieth-century utopian Social isla ta~ of tlu'a .:,.;,it ..o._r· capbliam ad ~ ...,..
boliewe. Their iavati~aton 'have made memiWJ lu~ary pretpa~..U··--~ ~ ~lDJM,. Jt
11udta pro-riD@ lhat dlicie:ocy CIID be iDcreued bJ aid DOl ..op Lben. 'J'be l.Jl W'Ul8 ........... , . .
thoner boun and "'improvement~.. in work.ifl! co&aod w~rk for • coDa-y-wide lltrike foi ....._.
ditiono. 'J'h." impro...d mdhoda of productioa aDd
liT' .., "'"' f - workbe d-pl.,.L
buaU... orsaniaalion inlmlify tbe dqne .of e::l•
·t.thiaao~loltbeUamed.We . . . .
.,Joi~.ation. Heooe. ealitaliam ca.n weiJ .ataDd Why wuce eDII'iJ' ia .-Jptiae: to 10l" the~.
"rdona"-or ~· o la<lica iD ita aploilatioa able, the coalradittio. of capitaliom. JIVIaJ of the workio«.c:lua.
t
dir<tct' the tllorta of the wCJJitiDtl<l- ..._ . , - .
did opponwlity io ofond to leOd
lalo·, _
)atiOIW')' clwmeb? , Ia thio ~ oll · ar
I
DOtbi"B?
Ia
aucb•
poliq
u
oall'-1
abote
.....
All L.ft Wlaa Braac........ .....,..._. ..
oa tbe aotioa ol "dum the ilaltMIIiale .....W ...
tbo wont tbe )ooaa I"' .
•·u , lUte
e:otez-·
attiri7
we_,
w-.
bourro•
Lefl
acti?D£ii!i_,..,..
ill..._..
iD••
wme:
miJb&
er ...
o-
·- -
:::::.-:-.::i::: ::--.;::·;-= ~
rr.,~J
·,
�Tho Nrw York CoJDDOUDiot
Why Political Democracy Must Go
By Joho Reed
Vlll '
~~:!~~~~~~~~~~n~'::'~~~i~~~:nW
oef«;~
Uoited Stat-. 111nd the deliherale e1~ien1J1 ml·
ployM hf the Coloniod rul in!( clas~ to. creale e.
go,·ernment "'hich "'·ould oh!ltruct thr wall of the
maj ority of the people. Let us now briell~· a.ee how
· the machinery operatei.
'
'=ontrllr)' to f!CUera l be-lief, the American poliliCftl
democracy U not one of the mn~ t ad\'ll.nc-.c=d d~
m ocrAi ic ~m·r-rnment:~ of thf "'·orld, but onf" o f the
DJMI
badt\o\'Atd . T o indicate
oil
r~· p l)i..lll_, in ltt'hirh
it laF ~ behintl other s o,·trnment~ : The Pre-;id('nt iJ~.
elf'(:ted for four re<tr ~. and cannot l.t remm·ed Cl ·
ocpl for M:riou.' C'au ~. b~· impeachm,·nl ; hut tl1e
Preruir n ?f Enj:dftnd. france a nd llaly. retire '-'hen
their P a th ' l0lle5 JlO"''t t. The Cahind of the
Uni ted 5LtJies Gon•rnment i!i not reo-pom ibie to om•, one, and r an onl~· l~ot rrmond br tl•e Pr~ldent. "·ho
appoinu. it ; thr- Cabine~ of EnF iand, Fra~e and
II.JIIT a rt- rt:'pon~iL i e to the p~rliamen~. an~ fall
witll t!l~. l'rem ier . La"~ ra»f'd hr ConJ!rc:fl.!- m ay
Lc declared im·nlid h~· thl" Supreme Courl ; but
Ju,.s pa...!'W by the British Parliament cannot he
reTieYo·ed b)· MY cuurt. and can onl)· be changed
.t the ballot-box. In the l'nitod Sta le!! the f orm .
of Go,·emmtnl U r i~:id ly feud h)· the Con!ltltution,
whVh morro\'er eternally ,.: u :tranteeo~ the r.acredne.u
of proJ)f'rty-nor C311 th i" Conl't itut ion he- ahertd
n cept 1-r an O\'er"'·hdmin~ majorily. "'hich prac·
tically maL.t!t impm~ible an~· prufound er;onomic
cltanJ.!e b y law; " 'hil e in England no 1uch Lar eJ.·
i~ to Rt,·nlution b ,· Ia"··
Ho"''f"'er. th{"'<oC ~rparent differcncl'$ in d,:"rce
of political demncnt~· ~· art' nul ~o impl.l{tant M t h~·
F«:m.
In o.ll po li t ic;~ ! dcmocr:ll ic rountrir:o- todny.
undt"r 1he capit.1 li,.t f'~'!!'lt'm, ''tht' Stolt pml~,., iJ m ore
and mort' lu rrvd ir lo on orr.an of Copilot',, moJtrry
Ot'cr IA Lnr--a puMic fora orEo ni:~tl for ..orio: rn·
d.o ttrmrnJ, an r11fint' of daJJ d~~put i.,m. " In the
l'nited ~ta l ell:' ho"' C\'et , the method~ b\' wh ich the
treat upitali~Lc. control the State a;re m~re appa~ent
to tOe "'l,""rver than el~"'+ere: althou,:-h hrre. too,
the ma.!oioC' of the projlle au more himdt·.l L~ L~~
''dem\oeratk '' ideolop in which political concept~
are rhra.o.cd, and h' "'hat a ,rreat Frenchmtn called
"'\he i llu~ iun Of the hi'IIJOt·hOL"
It mu.st lM" ftdmintd that the Con.~titution ha.• been
broaden~ d urin.J! the laH centu~·-lhilt more and
more "democracy" ha.• hot:n introduced into our
Government ; ,.uch amendmen~ a!' the Income
and the Direc-t E lection of ~ni \ O t!' t~tih· to thit~
tendclcf . Alr;o the f'\'olution of the State 'comtitu·
tinM. remo\'ing franch i!'e r~trict i ons; Jld the al"la
of Conp~ and the State lqdsla tureo, 6xin~t the
control a nd ha~tr;ni n g the democratization of the
electOral machinr-ry- all thl"$e ~ if!Tlif~· that lart:er
etld ltnfer mnne.' of citizen<- theoreticall)' partici·
pate in the Gon·mment. Bw tllru ''d~rnocro.t ic."
ad1•anuJ eMCtl~: cprreJpon.d u·ilh the l!-rowth of tM
ln vi.siblr Govanmrnl- the a utocri'IC\' or financr-· ·hich progrcssi"ely nullifies the p ow'e r of the polil·
ical ballot.
P olitical democratic ideab ~ew out of the theor)'
that men " ·ere hom free and f'I"J UAI ; that their inter·
a l• - ·ere O!ttn!-ihl,· equal intere--LS, resuhin@: froru
freed om of opportunity-and that it 'W8! the con·
fl ict of these equ3l but dil'enified property rights-er;pecially their seosraphit:al diver!lity-"·hich made
it pOSI-ible to construct ft government reprreenting
all a.nd s.atisf,·ing the great majority. S uch condi·
lions existed to a greater depce in the American
Colonie&, "'·ith the-ir hinterland of undenloped con·
tinent. a.nd their Jack of any indigenous ariMocracy,
than in other paru of the world, and the Declara·
t.ion of Inde-pendence '-'a& tbe expression of thme
tentiments.
..
But even at the time of the War of Independence,
the capit.ali!!t eyetem was well de-ve-loped. and the
Corutitution, elevm ye.are later. embodied the dear
dau-con.cioWIDe8! of the Colonial capital ists,
ft:tlderod palatable by "'demncratic'" idealilt.ic
phr-.lop.
Madi..o'b bad warned the ConYention tO Lake into
account the new and chao~D! fo1'1111 in wbicb
property wou1d ~nifat itself in the future. In
the DeSt century the illdust... l era brou•l:.•. ;.'Hio
eritte:uce wholly new forma ui propert} ; and.
moreover. do.-.,~ both the relatioDa of me:a to
uoe aoolher. UKI the rel,Jtiona of mm. to their Gov.
trnrDe~~t. Tbe ownenbip of the tool• of production
aod the meam of di.atribution by a few, reduced
tho m . . of maDir.illd to d~ upon th- few
for all the JMqMitiel of life.
Now the State ia the expreuioD of the relaliOUIof c~- property·rd•tiona-in aociety. Tbe
Amcricau Government. particularly, wu formed to
prol«t property; and ainc:e u time went on more
arid more weallh wu conceouat'cd in the haoda of
the few ~nat capitalUts, the GoverllDlent protected
ud foalued lh.it capit.ali.tt propiny more aDd more.
Tho ol maDkilld iMume depoDdoat UJ>OD tho
rts.
l.
will of the industrial autocrat.t for their very eM·
ence. When th,..,· combined and demanded a larger
ahare of the product of their labor, thia comtituted
an atuck upon pr:n te J.rropertr, ami the Government ~IU C"alled i.n to 5uppros them. Important
illu:•tratioru- oJ thi!l are the calline; in of Frderal 1
troo ps during th e Pullma n ~trike in 1895; the w.e
Cl f injunctions in lJ,dU..'ITial ditpute5, in aonie C&Mlll
f orhiddinF l'trikeo-JOnd in one impu• u:-.: ;~ta.nce,
M 'tn forbidding 1he u.·orkers 10 slop workJ'"« for
o C'orpornJion; the man ipulation of la ws directed
a,:eirut the fTUI corpo ration~uch a.s the Sher·
man Anti-Trwt Uw~o a ! to turn it a~•iru; t the
working cl a~~&--1\! in · the cLo;e of labor hoycotlli
l..ot the ca.-.e of thr O t~ nbury Hatte1'11); and fina lly,
the interpretation of Ia"''" h)' the Court.&.
After all d· i~ inno,·etion, un ique among political
democra cie~~, hn.<l; turned out to be- thr- . e.uiest Md
mo~ t 1-UCC'~!' ful e-xpedient for th"·ttrt ing the "'; 11 of
the m u~. and d dend in~ the p olitie.al po-·er cf
1he capita list clv..J:. Founded with I~.(Niteruib1e
purpo~ of i nterprttin~ thr Constitution, the
S upreme Court hL• eJ. tended i(.o; powers of : ·Inlet·
prttation" until it ha~ Lecome, ln fa~ a le,it.IBtive
bodr in iu.elf: a nri bein~ con.,nsed l aq;el~ · of emi·
nrnt corporation IR": ·ers, it rep'rc;c.nl!o the most
tel'lclil•flilt')' p roperty inttt~b. · for ins tance, it
declared un::om.titu:ional a lu"'· pu"C'd h!· the-1\'ew
YorL. 'Sta te- Ur i~let urr !or h i d din~ IJalt:t')' employ·
~ ro - ·ork morr t.h an ten hour~ a da)'--<Jn the
pound that thir. !-latute in!rin,;ed the ri~hts and
l ih~rt1e-- uf manufucturer!o , .. eitiuns under ~e
Con~t i tulion,
It dec- la red ttie Income T ax Law
ur::-:on.o,titul ionnl, and m ort' recent!~· f)te Child
LalJot 1...1 \0'- lK•th llf'C.Ilu"«! they wcrr auacls upon
''proper!(' a!ld "l ibt'rty." On the other ha nd, in
.-pitt' of the Con<-l itutional pro\; !-ion ~pecifu;a ll y
forhidding (onpre!-"' to mnke ""'' Ia~· ··abridJ:dn,:
:~; !~~~;t';;.~f0 £1E:~~-~ ~-~.elk~r::ue ~~~rl~i~:~~~
O' Hare for eJ:pre!-~ r~ t.~eir opioioru U:'On p~lit·
ica l q ueetioDS.
Thr.- Federal judiciary ha.• been tht I UJU'eme au·
thori: r in !he-' C.m·r.rnmt"nt., f'''en dnminating
ConP'eo-~:~cept - ·hen Cony-ret&! felt into the hanW
of a nrw dominant d a..."'. f ~r i.rutnn\;c, in H!(J6,
Co nF r~~ J•aJ>H"d the hmous " ti!!C(Jt\.' \truction" act!,
!lome o( "'·hich "'·ere cle:uh· uneon!-titutionaL Con·
J!TeM had then been c..1Ptured by the !\orthem
Rf'publiram, the new p o- ·erful peut. capitalists,
under tht' leadenhip of fh nddeu.• Stevt'n!!'. the ironroanufacturtt of Penn...yh·ania. ' Jn pa&Sing thes-e
acts. Con[!T~ "'·amtd the Sup reme Cour t not to
lay its banda on them ; and t.be Supreme Court
obe)'ed.
Jn othe-r ca~ the capitali1Ls hal'e used the P reei·
dent &f!ain!t Conp~s. In ;b()l.. Linl'oln. and the
m<»-1 far -seeini! of the f=TCBI indu..,trial capitalists
of thf' :\orth,· dete-rmined to aboli6h t.lal'ery- both
a!l a militAry roe~ urt' a,ainst the ~.;')uth and M a
'-'flY of dC!'tro)·ing the economic competition of
aJ a,·e-labor. Tht' Thirteenth Amendment to the
Constitution ....·.as about to be •uhmitted to the
States {or ratif:cation. against a ,·ery dt.tf'Tmined
opposition. It was eeen tl1at one more state 'II.'U
nect'$sary for the ratificAtion. and three \'Otes '!"'ere
needed in Conyr~· to admit ~enda into the Union.
Lin~oln did not beeilate to bri~ three Congre5s·
men by appointing them to •ederal olnces.
In 1906. the re1-·olt of the small pro)Serty ownen
asainst the h e.Arl l on~ · career of peat eapitalilt
tr u!!'Lillcation and m onn},oliution h ad reacLed a
1taf!'e "·hen the IUDa ll p roperty owi1en had got con·
trol of Congrl!:!rE and placed on the etatut.e boob
the S herman A n~l-TfW't Law. The Supreme Court,
after ita e~ience with popular wrath awakened
by the rejf'.::Ction of the Income Tax Law in 1905.
d id not c\are to declare tht Sherman Law uricon·
etitution,JI. Here wu a clear c.Ue of p olitical
democracy at . work- t.be will of the majority.
BlOcked in its plao .o£ a.Morbing the Tenne!l!lee Coal
and J ron Company by thi.. law, the great financien
who ~ere forming the United Sta tee Steel Corpora·
tioo delibe-tately pl"fJC'ipitated tile Panic of 1907.
Pruu.Jent Rooeevc.h wu forced to ~ for meft1
from the pat capitalilt.s, who con:teated to Mop
the panic on condition of beiDg permitted to proceed with their pl..,._ In 1907.o8, th<D, tho ,
1'enneNee Coal- and Iron Compuy wu "abtorbed....
hi direct violatioa of the law. In 1909, the Seo.ate
demanded that the Auomey.Geoeral inform it
whether be bod inotihnecl p....-lillp Ofioillol ll?e
Steel TNA. aDd if Dot. wby noL Pr.idmt R~
nh d irected the Attoroey~al n.oc r.o GRJt«r
1/ac S.,....; ODd further doc:l...d tlw tho Cabillol
WM responaible to tum.elf alone.
b apite of the wiU or tbe
majority or -.~
W the coa.arry,-expre.ed in U.e electiOD of Wil.on,
and the PUUl!• of the S herman and tl>e CloytOD
Acta., tbe aggrq•tin:J c! ,..., roupa or capital hu
~~ on •r~ uaWDt.bed by the. law i or wbm tbe
. . - oombiul.i..,. ..... ~>-. r"'-1 to c!ioool..l-
.,..t
such aa the Standard Oil-they bave dooe eo i:u
appearanr-e ooly, and the result bas been. e f:'lfJil•
one lr.nowa, rnerei y to PTtnftthc-n their mooopolistic
h old up(m the reaowee. of . the countTy.
The "'·ar comp leted the abject •urrender of tbe
Go' ·ernment to the ~eat financier~. Tbe cgWJtryllie l'Oting ma jority of amatl property o•oer.elected t.he · Democratic admini~tration i.a 191£,.
p rimarily because "'it had ke-pt U.'l out of wa.r.'" But
h)· the ~pring of 1917. the lJnited States Gon:m·
ment " ·.u at war. lt had been clearly. prOYal for
a lmost two )'f"lltfl thAt .the forc:a which were pwh
inp th~ country to- ·a..rd wa..r 'w ere the great roun:'
1io1tt ;nteretJIA, d1e banlere wbo had fl oated Alii,
luans, and the imperi11liet corporDtioru anx.ioua
,.hare in tl1e redi!'tribution of foreig"Q marketa. The
l'nited States " 'U by thi!l time, through the action
of private banker•, heavily im •oh ·cd in the Allied
catl.!le; the Aliied blockade had cut
Genn.an
commerce, and a ' '.Ut trade had opened ,u p 111-ith
Enllland, France and Ru~o&ia. Allied defeaJ wou.ld
ha\'e p r o~ en ditW~troWt to Wall Street. which, at
the \'e~· m oment tha t the Allied etrengt.h wavered,
pi uns e-1 America into the •truggle.
J\'ever had there appeared 10 clearly the almoet
complete- control of the pres.! and all 8!;CDC~ of
p ublic ity L~· d1e capitaiUt clau ; with ODe voice
the)' ba)'t-d for blood-shod, repeating unanimously
e,·en· rumor of German ' 'atrocities." Germ.an
proJ)agandiiLs bC"Te - ·ere outlawed : British and
French propagtu~di~~ bought., corrupted, threat·
ened, p le..ded -.d thout hindrance. CongTetame:n
"·ho dared to opp~ " 'ar in the interest of their
con~tit u enU. ~·crt• lruhed - ·ith a bitter fury by pres!~
and pulpit and the P residenL J was at that timo
in \\'&!'hi n~ton, lobbying 8.£!:Airut the lil' aJ' anlf
againH con;;cription. Thrre--fourtha of the Con·
frts..'ltlen admitted 10 me that tJ1e~· d id not W:tnt
~·a r, that tl1r-ir con.o,tituenl!- ...,·ere a~ai nM it; but
ulmo<-t a ll of them - ·ere .terrified of
Chamhen
..,rr
the
~e~0~~~~r:. (~d hd~:d~:b;!ko~~~ :~
the peat De"-'5j>apcn.
And - ·hen once the conntry had F'""therrd way
lt'l"-'ard the p-e..1t dec:i!Jion, and con5eription had
br-.-n pase.ed, the ~reat capitAl~~!~ deiiTC"' ' -L....o..
uhima:OJrn II) the coweri~ f ;ovemmeot ii. • :· ·
inyton. The Anti·Trust IC~Utat1on n iEW' De"'i~
pended ; the banker. and bWti.neu men tbcmti(ol~
m ust run the ~·a..r. Hence we had the amu.iAg
1'-pec:tacle o£ the Council of l"\ational Defeoae, maO,.
up of specula tors., manufacturera and men:han.ta.
awarding Government CootracU at OtltrA@'eGI.It
prices in the m omiJll. and in the e'\"ening acD!ft::il:a!
thc:,e aame coLOtract.s a.s printe individuala.. But
not onlv thi~: all through the country, Olamben
of· C...minercl and Boards of Trade formed organira tion.s of armed detec:tivee and police. compoeed
of bu!lineM men aod ba.n.kC'T"', who ueed the power
delegated to them by the Department of Jastice tf!
wap:e the elua wa.r agaimt the Lahor MuftiiMIIIl.
And an arbitrary War I....bor Board l~idatcd iJ
all ·difTerencea betwoeD c:api~l and labor. wboee
deci!-ions "• ·ere binding and backed by the power c
the Federa l Go' ·emme:oL The worken were !a~
to obey thet'C dec:Uiona or forced into the IU"'IIf; tbe
great ·corporationa; moet of them. either refllfi!Cd tn
obe)· dec:i1ion~ they d id not like, or like the ma.aufacturen o£ Bridgq)ort.. Conn., took •d...-a.ntage ol
the war..iruation to destroy the defeDM~~ of or!an
Ued lobor.
Ad,·oeatea of parlia..ttteDta.ry action oft.em poi
to the mua of lahor·legislation pa.tlel!ld by CoDgJ
and the elate lep.slaturee,---soch u eight·b(ji!Ur lu.~
workmen's compensation etatutea, minimum wag.
regulatioN and factory law. in gmeral. Like the
increase in political ..democracy," the inc:r-eMt in
industrial "democrtcy"" il al&a· in exact ratio to tbe
growth of laio..l~ UDODf! the sr- lobor·
employen that the more labor il protected, the
more efficient i: i• ; aod the more it can prodace, and
the mo~ it can be e%J>Ioitod. The ·~iJ>!-ap o(
machinery cqr.equeat upon mecharueal perf«:tia.
aDd ecif!llti6c man~t oow make it JH*ihle to
..ploit lobor mare th'oro~ly ill oi8bt boun, dum
ill twel•e hoon. Lord r...<rloulme, tho [Df!iiob
employer. now ad-.ocatee the Sis-Hour Day, became
It io proqucti•e of l"'!"'f pro6to for tho maaf01>
bue. tlum tho ~t·Hoar Doy. . . . .
•
But whr• tho copltaliot dooo DOt (oel it to Ida
i.ntef'st tr. obey the law, be doet Dot obey it; aad
the Stote boc:b him
ill bio dioobe<l;..,ce. For
eumplo, ill CoJorodo
lwo been OD
law 011 the Statvteo-bOob for tweaty yeus or more;
"S..:,
~~ish~
:"
u:.~.!!!!. ~ .l:.w.:::.~w.rtr..:ct:
- yoon.
the .....,
All llltoDipto of
t h - 1 - to
organiae lor ib e:foi"'BDDeelt wa-e fn.tratcd by
IU'med foroo. Tho fulioDO WeTe ......hod by umod
thll8'o who killed ODd deponed mi-. ot will. AI
election limo the bel1ot-bo- ......, plocod OD J>ODY sroomd. suorcled by ..-1 binlillp or t1to
�I
. I
)
Left Wing Notes
/
A
(
T tho Suae Convenlion of ~ Socidilt Party
o~ ~lmm-..ota, held June H, al Mi.nnr:o•po li•.
11 -. a~ d~i dl"d lo form t1 permanent Or~tnni
aallo n of lh~ Left \\ IIIF in Un- ~t<:~te. A m o t1o n
~ ondt'nmmF \hr AC"I1un of thr :"\. [._ C. in ~u.!pend·
In~ tht' M"\C'n '""Fu e ~e f~tr a tinm 11.nd n pdli,•e
tJn· !'t.1lt' O fL!iUIIutlll · ll n f M,dujil.;an waa co,arned
With ln"l rurt wn~ I•· lhr dt'lrF=31eA to havr thr1r lont l~ nnd hrnnchf!'oo f<,Cf" nnd !be CJc, d and te&o luti0n,
dl"m.lndmp:: I~HI thr l)U~tiO n of expull.mn be aubnnuc-d t o 11 memii'M',.hip rdcrmdum.
h \4A~ a l!>o dc:t"iJcd to form a Left U'in@: Slate
[J.NUIJ\'t Co mm iu~ of f,,.e, and to dtrt ~eu
., dril")-'iil e.<~ to the :\ nlional E meqrency Com·ention of
t.hr- l'an,·. T""·o ddtp-ale:. '"'·ere eloe1l"d lo rrpr&
N!ul tl 1e Stnle at lartt'. at t}~t• 1\a110na l Lt-ft V. m,r.
Con frrl"ncr lllld II \o' ll~ dK i<kd thai lucaht dt'!<lt i ng
t o ftnld dc-lrf!11tee could d o 60. Comradta Gordon
and Thompl'on were e la:ted.
T he ron,·ention M'ml on f'Jt..ord u belieTing
that ''thr IH":"I M· a~· lo 111~uF1hm tht Left W mg
UW\'tmrnt • ~ to !eMil tf:t phli O!>Ophy and acono·
n uc- •l f SociH ii.,m. HeformiPn can no lo nFer dnw
Un\ t-u ppon hum an llJ!paH'nl c-ontrMh r !IOn bet""01!11 M.tn: io,m and tht fac-IJI of indu~lnal drn·lop·
mm~.
Mars •.. r:t I1A~ l~tt c-omplttrh· \ mdtc11.te-d
b ,· tht "'at and 11.. o utc-ome. Thr Lrft \l"m~~: mo,·e·
men! -..·ill grow in pror,ort iou to ita eucceu in
m.aling thi.t trUth "!'own. ~
•
Thf" MR !o.Sad1U~l~ Snri1tliJ11"t Part )" 5-tote Conferr nc.·e he-ld o u \1 ;n :{.() to Juur 2. r~ u ltr-d 111 a dean
,..,..n·p for thr Left \\In(!. T"" o <He,.: ate..,, Comr ,.JQ. \tnr ...m :-proutr ttnd J ohn J . Ballam. were
r lt..-tt•d I n r,·prr::-••nt tla• St.1 lf' 11.1 lhf' :\atiorctd Leh
\\ lnf! Confcrr•we. Comrade Lou, ~ C. Frama io;
the delepltco fr o m Loul ~•JI.t <.o n . A.hout 20 del ~
Fble.c. 'lUI of o \·er 2(.(), bolted and ( onned
ftlluther •·nnnnti •.n ""·htn the Uh Vdng Propam
"" "~ acioJ•It"CI.
Drh~. H a ~·-.. ood . ~1 o<!_ney and a ll
other plllitich l JITI!"Onen ""·rre p t't"ted in a re~o lt..!
tion
Hr,.olution!< p r!J I~t in,: Af!'ainst int('rvention
iu Ru ~~ ia. nnd t11e r ript o r terror in Finland were
cutrJ Ct l. aS '-ere r~£lluti on!' j!Tet1 in£: the W innipeg
l<I"Orkr.rt-. tndOt'ihJ! the TI1ird ' Jntr rnaliona). U •
prr-,:nJ! J~.o l ida r i ty "' ith the exp"!ll«< Co mrades and
·· ! ;r. ~ U.e fo m 1ation of ~ hop CoiUillittce:. for
"'t'rt'aJi n~; Socia b : }·, opaganda.
Th(' Com·ention niF-o re-ol\'ed ""That it is our
1ooe11~ that TJ,r Rf"t olutionory ...f j!(' become the cent·
fll or~an o r the :'\.:ationnl Left Win~ {J( the ~ocia liAt
Panv. That "'·e rttCinunend to Local B~ ton to
tum · o\·er T~ Rt!t·olwioruJry A~e to the Ldt Wing
Conference, June 21. (or iu ~J &potal. "
. . .
The 3 rd. Slh and 10 A.. D. lUnreor ganiu:l) bold,
it& hu!iin~!l m«1in~ f'Vf'T)" 2nd and <kl1 Monda)'·
D iN:u&.!'inn m~tin@:! on alte-rnate ~i onds~·'· The
H u u~ Committee fDf"t:U n ery ~ednu.day.
The
; Ius in "Socia li,m. Utopian and Scientific" mect.e
e\'c:T)' Friday e-vening.
Loll Wiaa o..a..m..n. Att..tioal
Thl' Communut in future - ·ill run a co iU~DJ~ dl
Organi.ur11 anti
IH'retarii';A 11hould ..end in notic:a of the br&Deb
bu~i neJ.~ meeting&, et.reet me-oet in~• and all olher
brux·h acti,·itie§. The h it for Lhr '-'et"..k ft.ollt.ow"\nt
nur datt of J.!r.Ut' J !Ciuld reach Uti& offin· not later
tl•an · Tue.JII )"· Thut. the I1 M of meetin~o:• fo r the
"',.fl. ~t! tnn i.nF Mond11y should be W lh.U o~ oo
lhe prf'Cedl.llg Tuer.da)'.
official Ltft \\"wg SocialiM !'lew&.
Frida~·.
0PJ:llf AIR Mr.t.,.t1u.~
June 2tJ, 8 o'dock at Rutten Square.
2nd A. D.
'rf'tlntsdoy, J une 25. 8 o'clock at llOth Street
and 5th A,.e~ue. 1':'th A. D.
Friday, June 27. 8 o'clock &1 106th Su-ed: and
Madison Avenue, 17th A. D.
m.mll and Jrl cbl eL
Communlcale wi1b
r or
·
·
N.ational E.ucutiYe Commiua iD
One-tl".. ,,.,,.,
M...W.u.l~U,
'Diattrica
RhOde I.1aacl,
1 is C. Fnina. 3,130; N. L
~faioe, _the vote ia : ~
Houn.·ocl•, 2.~ ; E. · dpm, 1,472 ; L Lore. 940•
~I orr;. H ;llqu;~ 838; J
O'Neal, 688; A.~
lacoff, 319. Loca.l Buffalo for N. £. C..•ota: L C.
Fra;na, 2.;9; !'\. I. Hourw;ch, 205 .. E. J..iDclvoD.
ISO; MorTi.o Hil1qui~ 83.
'
.
,
Th~ are partial rault.s. indicating • Left W"1111
.weep, t.hmt a reactionary
aaho..!" ror the mod<.ab.
..N. E. C. ia tryi..Ds
b)
MCAI..IIry.
Conu... de I- £.. K111~rle.ld will be l.pe.a far lhi"M
mu- mt'el in1-a.. "ed. of Jane. : l rd Jb1i1 Jane. 29th.
l or• l• or Lran• hi!'!- wi.lu np. lo e.11F'f." b im t'OIDJUD•
tn r.alr lmmrdco.l.,]} ..-il L I KU:•a ry,
C()mn de
Mnrrfrld ..-uuhl al..o lil.t 11.1 •I·Uk a~elale. for
• r.... ml"fllin-•. iiull"e lo. S,-nra.M.. til irs_ Hochuler, f1 e. tale aotiee..
On the refe-rendum to elect int~rnatio n.al del&J:Ate(, of tl1e S oci ali.· ~ Party, Te1.11, , Pl!""'mrh·ania.,
Ure;on. Ohio and the District o r Columbia give
the ro ll o ~c.-in~ returw- :
J uhn H~d. 4.312 ; Loui!i C. Fraina , :i;)()..i; C. E.
Pulhenberf!. :{:56; A. U'"fenl..nrchl 251 5 ; I. [.
F erf!~!Jn, :l039. Tho-c- are all Left Wi11~ e andi·
d3le-. 1 h<' modera!Ml : Y:...oor BtrJ:er. 1 J..:l J: ......
~rmer, 11153; Alcernon l«, 4-:W; J ohn :'tt ~Work.
4"73; ~rrnour ~tb:!cu!l, 829; A. S hiplacoff, 6i4 ;
)om.. o ·r..eal, 365.
.
The full rctum!i are, from the Oi!tr: ~t of CoJum.
and I 5 1'11/ltt:f.-T~1M. PennJ<Yh ania, Tennee.~ooe.
f'l orida, Rhode, l!tlar I, Ma ine. K'cntucky, ArL:a.ru.aa..
Minnesota, M icbi.,;11n and Ma.MschUM:tl.5:
hi~
John
n..d.
'll'• ~ enknoc h~
T1.9 . 1; l..<>u;, c. Fra;na. 10.441; A
7,938; C. E. Ruthenher~. 7,779; I. E.
ferf!w.on. 4,5i7; \'ie1or Beq!er, 2.2G2; A. Germer,
1.961; 5-f'ymour S tedm~. 1.618; A. S hivl«off.
1,33i; Jom,. 0';' \eal, 1.143;
J ohn M. Work. 9?0.
A·l~ern o n
Loe. 1.003;
ln 14 of theM states (PenlJ.." \Ivania and tl1e Di..trict of Columbia nul in ) the ,:ole on Interr.ational
Sec:relary U : Kate Richanh O'Hare. ";,l3i; Morri.J
coal companiee. and no o1te allowed to vote • ·ho
d id not \'ute righL . 11( an~·one \'Oted the • ·rong
!id:r:t.. o r wu f ound by the company ! p ies to be
talkinf:! o r,:anil.alion or any o ther here!)', he lost
hi• j ob. "as o u!lted from hi& h oW'!! icomranr
pr open~·) and run o ut of the to•·n ( whieh ""' 1!..5 alfio
built o n tompany propert~d- • And when at la.!t
the miner& !.!ruck, the State Go,·emment sent the
militil'l to break the l!trike, lll.Dd thi5 militiL the olli·
d~ l poliu c! the State , ld 6re to the 11uiken' tent·
co lo n y and burned women lll.Dd children to death.
The lltriken' lea.iers were tried for murder; the
gunmen and militiamm ~ent free..
In San Francisco, lhe thambe:: of Commerce
dete-ll!iood to crwh Or~anized Labor on the Paci6e
CouL Someone planted. a bomb wb.ich aplodcd
in the Preparcdnea..'~ Parade, k.illin! and woundin!
many peoJ1Ie. T om !dooney. his wile. lnael Weill·
berg and a few other men actiYe in the labor mcrt""ement wrnt.an-e!ited., and on perjured evidmce Tom
Moon~ wa.a eeot.enced 10 death. Bd"o~ he could
be h.5..r..frcd it wu dUconred that the whole buiacu
wu 8 rrame-up, tbat the evidence b.ad been manufactured by the Diatrict At1o~ in coll~»ioo with
the Oumher uf Commerce. The Praident'a U,.
ve.tigatin@: Comm.iaeioo nr;o~D..~Dmdcd frer.dom or
a Dew trial •for Mooney. But the Governor of
C..lifornia, at the inatigation of the Cb..unhci of
Commuee, &.impl• commuted MUC"'C)''• .eotcnoe to
life imprUonmt::~JL And thuo be lis, a liie
priaoner thoUf:.h i.a.noccnt; wb.ile auch ia the power
of the California capit.aliwa, that Hiram Johaon,
Senator fr om CalifOrnia, doo- oot daro r&i.M bia
voice to froo T om Mooney.
means of- anned thu,~o, dron out of town into the
do.ert AC'\oeral hundred 11triking workmen. and the
Go,·ernment dared not puni~h them... And ao • ;th
the pen.ecutioru and prOMleutioru of the I. W. W. the open. bare-( aced. sliamdeM cnuhin~ of • great
labor or@:anizabon b)· the capitali8t daM. . . .
AA the el4!i3<cn.'!oCiOU! worker! lk\·el op political
P.tren~th. the Capitalist p artie!! ~ink their differcnca
and combine 8fain•t them ; they fal!li!y the ballot ;
the')' use the police aDd the e.oginee of the State lo
prevent the worken.' voting; tbf!) gerrymander
political di!ltricta, so that the majority of tbt voten
get the minority of representative&. The conditiom
of labor iD the United Stale. cause huodrcd.s of
thou.sancb of worhn to d rift from place to pla.oe
in order lo find wofk-and thC5e. worken caMot
wbeo
lhe Pbdpo·Dodse Copper CompoDy of AriwDa, by
qWI 00.
mn:
N O TICE
HHiquj" 2,422.
n .e \'Ole in I...oc..i Buffalo, New \ ' ork ( erpelled
for being Left Wiog l on international delegatee i•:
(;~ cleponati- ol 1917,
Ra.
a..-.
All Lei! 11'in~ 0.-.nrb" in K.in11,.. Qu~a.
P.hnlc•H•n and Uroru. : Oal-of·triWD tpe-kt:n will
~ ht-n: aunn,: and • " "" tbr l"i1tilnal l..d1 "VOiD&
Lonlt rtn rf' 1n1l II i1 1 d\iwLie for 1ll brwnrbe.
walun,: Ill h o ld mau-pu•etinJI to aw .. e .,.""'"'
All Com.rarlt'( who still have 11uhM:ri!'tjon lists
•hould ~~et~d thrm in immrdiltf'ly. We need the
!Do ney!
MA..I.UllU4..~ CouDf.
So w;th th,
l uhn Rood, 307; Loui.o C. Fr.U.., 21i5; C. E.
th=herg. ~71; L E. F er~n, 67 · Victor
61; Kate O'l:l.ue seca 145 •ota ~ Monia
ahjec:t poverty. Burdmed with afanily, tbe worker
cannot afford to quit work ; he c.a.nnot aB'ord 10
buld opinion& eontrary to the be.; be C&.DDOl· N
afford to e.zerciee a vole qa.itut b.ia bo.'•'poliDaa.
In 1....i.m.a.. Ohio, a f~ yean qo, ~ .... •
municipal dection peodiq. Tbe popal&tioa al
Lima U Jar~elr supported by two f.ctoriea. &Dd . .
wor.L:en~ were about to-elect a Socia.li.t ~~
t ion. Thf! ownen of t.hf. tWo factoria =~:
iu ued a at.ltement to the effect that il -.be
• ·
won. the fact ories would mot"t away. nu.l'oald
hwah•o•mb0r~~-~t .~~r 10~upo0•-~~~obadrkon1,a:a:,~
,..ueu w....
... .. ho
aua
...,
The SoeialU. ad.m..i.nim-ati011 . _ elcfcted. . •••
In 1916, D Prepared..Deai Pande wu beld ill Hnsupport.
::~:; t:-':b~ r~~d:1bifu:! 6;('~Df'%d ~ll ~~i~,f ~~~=d a~: ~«:t=~:
the di!ietlhie. or n.aturaliutioo-eepec:lal (y at m.....demoJUb'atioa OUDe to be azWya.il'howe!*!
pl"t!!Wmt-disenfra«.hi.e thpuaanda more. The -anti· it ~u found that moec ol the ~..orbn ....,....,....
srndica.lilt Ia'" for native., and the dqNrtatioo ' were forood to do 1t0 OT JO,., their jol..
I•WI for aliena, lllill further eompel ailmoe. from )JbmomeDOo .• • more ...: "'lrly .bOwn ~
n.-
all 'who hold anti-cap;l&wl po1;tical IUMI ecoaomic tho -""""lrJ' ia' tho aubac;rip11011a ID Uh.ty l : opiniooa..
• and the coatributio11• , ., t:he .Red Cr... utd atMr
But ai!D all, the moot elfeetioe way ia whjch the ....,;.prlvate ..,.
1l>e
Ud lo .-y
worken' Yotc ia ~Oue.nccd ia by m..a.k..ins Ole of tbe .or. be 6red. a.nd iD a(IIJN'J ata1e1 d.e 6.a.maia1 - .
economic relation bet,..ceJJ the Worker &Dd the em-- paigru wen accoaDpa.nied by. terroriaadoe ..t t.
ployer. The • orka ia depeodmt opoo the capit~· timid.atioa at t.be poiJ:U ol a pn. Tb• tl.e ......
;.. lor bu •ery Hl&-hla job. II be doea not do aa ...,.. lon:ed lo aupport tho poiWc:al ol
be i.o told, the worker i.o depn•ed ol hi.o job, 1UM1 the rulinfl cl... by tbr;, "V dopedeaao apca tlda
forced to joiD the Ooat.i.ng army 0£ the UDeSDployed ruling clua... In a.a 'euU. article I b.n. cl.c:ribecl
upon whieh capiuliam ruta. Now the worker, how. ho w the political power wu tUm ·a~ ln. tM
evu b;~h hu ""11... ;, "!Ueeled by ron! and tbe elec!N ollid ala or lhe workiJ>& clua Porty hr.tbo
co.t of living WJtil he ia upon the verge of atarYa• Stare- Couocila of NatioJ:Ut~ ;..t....._ acl how tM
tion anyway. The .bon... m-. the 1.... leplaloro ol<ded "" the Soo:
........
oiOpJ>"'II of work, I"""' bim tbe edr bolo
(C~ • .
.....un
.,
(
f.
�•
The New York ColDIIIUilid
Marx's Critique of the Gotha Program
rJ"l{E manuteript publiahed herewith-the ac·
1
rompan)·inf[ lett~r to Urad.e b well u the
cr itu· i!'m of thf' propo~d platfurm-wu w:nt
in 1875, ..horth· k fr.:-e tl1~ lrotha fu !'iOn con~.
to Ur11r~t. to two· further communicattd to Gcib,
Autr , Bt-brl. and Lu·l•kntcht. and later on to be
rt1urnrd t n Man. 5inct" U1e Halle con,·eniiOD put
the di!'C"u,.. ,nn of the C.otha program on the pt.!tV'a
ardN of bu~inea, I - ·auld con~idrr my.elf guJty
of wrongful ~oupptrs!ion "'·ere l~ttill )on@:tt to with-
hold fr om the public thi.J imrortant doc~ent
)l<thap' tbe m01ot important document bea.rins on
thi& d ito:·.,.,~ ion.
But the ma.uuN:ript hu aiM) another, and ~till
mort far -re•rhin~ l'iplif•~ance.. Hen, for tht . fint
timt-. ;,_ du rl~· and drfmttt"l~· ..et forth .the att11ude
of ~to rx on tht cuur« foll o wf'<l by Laa..q]le •ince
h ia t-nt!"ar.ce upu n ;.t,e a~ ita tion, both in r:l•tion_ to
La s..\nlle'S ecr.nomir principia. and to hit~ tactic!.
The rl!'lentlh' ,.il'!or "ith " ·hkh Uu: propoKd
pl 11tform i~ anl'lll~z..rd, .th~ ines.orblene~s " ·ith l'o'bid•
tht" rr!.uh~ arriH"d at arro prono.n'ICffi ar.d the weak
p oints o f the p latform' expn~-al1 thi!i un _oo
lon~rr o ffr-r.d no.._·, aftl!'t flfttc11 . yu!'t~. . Specaflc
).11!-UIIeam uin n o"adaH unl~· In foreagn VafL",
lil:e i~ulated rui1111, and .the Gotha platConn .,_.8!
jl!Ven up in Halle by ita own m~aker~ 86 altogethe-r
inarirquste.
.
!\f'vf'nhelet-~. " ·laere,·e r it .. a,. oot es~ntaal to
the ,ull)t\'1. I have nmlltl!'d .orne IM'"\ "eJ"e exprOtSionA
11 nd o pm•nM C"Cln<'Crriug !<ume ~nJi\·idua ls. a~d in·
du-.atf'd thro o m•s..,mm b,· ._..ten~!>. M arx han1.'f'H
wouiJ ha,·e do ne IN h ad he putlishrd the t'"'..anuK I q •t nu \Oo'.
TI1e OC( I fiOnll l H henW"IlCt" of hi~ Jan•
,-ua~t \Oo' a!> ptO\ oked L~- I\Oo"O c-ircum.~_t•~ces . In the
6r~t plnt·l!'. ~1nn: anJ I wl!'re more lllllmlll~l ~- conn l'\:tr:d '"'nh the t;.ermitn m on •,nf!"'ll tJu.n \Oo"llh un)'
othrt ; hPnre ti1e dN'idf'dl~· bad:w.. rd f.tep e" ider...::ed
in th i~ platform ... a.c panirulatl~- calcul3ttd to u ciJ
U\. Uut in the ,_,..,, .. d p iKI'I!', .,_.e "' ere then, hu11'1)·
t"'·o nar~ nf:er 11... Cun~rr-... o f the l nternfllto " I a\
tl1e ti<.~gue, iu\ Ohed in a mo!'-1 t-eHre conRict ~·ith
BaLun in nnd hil' Anarchil'l8, y,·h o bt"ld u~ rt:."pon~tble
for e\f'r~·thtufl t hat tr11.mpire-d in Ute Labor ~1<we
ment 1..1f L~rman'; "'" !.her fo re huJ ~o ex pect th1t
the ~r~ fatherhood Clf tlu~ pl1tfMm "'·uuld al~o
be aM: riLf'd to u~. Thf!':!l< cunll•derf!.tiom ha,·e pu~d
a"'.'"'· ~ond "'"ilh them hu pL~d Ule nrce!\5it~· for
the j•a&.Sa~eoo in qu~taon.
. .
l.tL:f'wi~ ..u me p~ap-N lfC Dll!'i"el~: md•cattd...._b)·
a~tni ...k!, o'"'· inp. to conl!ldrratlum hl\"lnfl to do w1th
the pre!~..• Ia'"''· \\here a m ilder upr~~ion _had to
~ rh oc.en it j , enc-lo~ in brnc.·Leto.. OthetWL"C, the
publicntton i& faithful to t.he )Ptter.
'
FktOF.RIC::t El"i"C[U.
London, Januuy 6, 1891.
p,.u, while oLr own part)· hold. ib con,·l!'nllotl
p-oll i tswm . .
Eveq·body know• bow pleated
the "'·orlunf"TT~en arc with the bare fact of 1 union,
bu1 )UU are rui!otllhn if \ ' O U bclir\'e that thia mommtaq· ,.UCUAa 11 not bo~ght too dearly.
Boides the pl atform i!i good for nothing. r'\'en
irr~pedi \"f!' of Ute canooiutioo of the L.a.tullqu
lll1icles of f1ith ... . .
With ~t p-etting.,
Youn,
KAlil.
I.
.
Lahar is the IC'Iurce o f all we~~hh and
of all ch·iliution, anti Jince u~ful l&bor i.e
pot!ihl~ only in and throu~ ..ociet:y, the
pr~-~ . I Ertrag) or iubur belong. unabndged and in equal right, to all the mcmhf-rfl of tocit'fv.
FirJI port oj 1ht poroFraph : ."'Labor i..e the IOU.rc.t
o f ill wealth and o f all ci"\·ilUation." \
Labor i1 no t l~ .source o f 111 weallb. _ft'a~ure
i~ jullt a.s much the 1oun:e of ut.e-\'lllues f and theee
certainly fo rm the rnalerial elemenl! of wealth ) 11
labo r. which is ttk"lf on l)' the npres.,ion o f a
n11turnl f urCf!. human lnhOf-J)O\Oo"r.l. The a ho\-e
phra!ol!' i' to fOUnd in e\'et)' child'• primer and is
l "OtrN"I ir. ~o f sr a.s it is ouumrd that labor atarh
o u1 equipped '"'' ith t.he requisite mat eria~ and
~·
Dut a Soci11 lillt platform 6hould not let 11Ucb
middle {' ) aM phra~ J.IB.:-.&. and }M'rmit, by eilencc:,
tht c-oruli.li.oru that alone jli,·e een!ol!' thereto to be
!-Uppre-w-d. And tn t~o far tu. mao t.taods toward
!\"nrurl""-th .. f1nt !-Ourr~ of a ll th~ mean l and ohjn-1~ o f lahor-in the rdnt ion of proprietor, in ao
"' f a. he-tre.u- ~uture a!- lo~lonr.ing to bun, b~
liihor ))Q :orne- the ,.nu
o f U!oe·\·alut"":" . hen~ al ~
of "'·ealth. TI1f' capitaliHA
,.e \'C0" good roat-ODI!
f(!r imputing t(J luhor suprr1
'
c"alillf' prtwrrJ,
lot."C"au~ f1 m u ti1f' nalure-im.,.o!Jot'd
~i1~· of labo r
it foll o ..·s tHiil thf" tan "'·ho po~!'C! no property
Lut hi.f J... hor
hJUf-1, uuJn .all c o nc!itioru o f
ft(l('if'ty ll.lld c h· ilu.~tion. he the !-1:1\'e of tho&e other
men · ·hl< ha\'e made thenu.ch·e!t the pOilteNOr& or
th~ m attrial conditions for lo.hor. He can wo rk
only with their pe.nni~ion, henr~ li"e onl y ""ith
tl1f'ir permi,.~io n.
Uut lrt u. t.Jt.ke the tcnleoct' a.s it ruru., or n~er
lim1u. \rhat .6hould ~ ~\'e ezpo::-:1ed u lh~ con-
r(\-er
e\~~~~~: 1~.!:~~~; ~!'i~uru
NATIONlL.iL~FT WINC
C.ONFERENCE
London, May 5, 1875.
10
dp. To cap th, climax, obey
· ·· "' . ~..... • NJor• U.. ~pr.U... COft.o
bt htld
JUNE %1.....tt-zl
AT MANHA1TAN LYCEUM
M Ea.•t 4th St,...t
ADMISSION BY PARTY CARD AND IN·
VITATION CARD ONLY
A.ppl)' to Maaimilia• Coll.eo, 43 W·. Zltb SL
LEFT WING EXCURSION
Saturday, July 12th
At 1: . P.M.
F-.a Market 5tw--t pje,. to •a-, M·._ta~a•
ac.~:o:1~fl t=~~~hf•:~~~~~~j~ii~~/·i~·::
Clelv "'"IU p~ ible witllf1ul labor. Now we lea.an.
on tl1e contrdry, lhat no .. useful" l1bor i..e pOMibJe
wi!hout •ocieh.
,
It "'·ou ld h~,-e been u r,en~ible lo a& )" that oalv
in t~ociety c;~n utele.-.6 and e\'en publici)· ir.juriotY
IaLor become a branch of indu.try, that oDI) iD
aocil!'f~· cao men Ji,·e in i:!lenes..•, etc., etc.-in &bon,
to cop)· the - ·h o le o( Rousaeau.
And " "hit u ··~ful " labor '( Plainly, qnly the
labor that produco the desired ~oeniceahle dfeet.
A l8\"3(!:e-a man ic 1 anage after he ba. ceurd
to ~ an 1pe-a U\"O~e wbo k.ille &n anim1l with a
11tone. who fi!nthe.n fruillo, etc., does "u.eful labor.
Thinlh. tlv concluJion : '"And since u&eful lwbo r i& p~§~ible only in and throngb aociet)'-4be
pr~tU of labM lwlong unaLridgtd. in equal
ri~hl, to all the membeu of 1ociet\·."
.A beau1 iful conclusion! If wcfullabor i.a po.aiblt- ou l ~· in and t.hrough ~iet)" , then the pror""'tl"' of labor lie/on(! to .ociety-aod the rndil'i·
du11l laborCT reuh·et~ onl,- M much u i.5 not nea»r.ary for lhe mt~in 1enanu of the "pre-reiquiAite" of
l ahor---.oc itty.
lndf"t"d ~~ has b«n the repla.r claim made by
the champions of <ach IUCCu:dint 1oeial IJikrn..
• Fir.:t comt- the clairm of the ~oveo-nmen'l and &11
that hanp:!" theteb)·, liinoe it i.J the toCill l organ for
the m ainten.omcc of the · •ocial order ; n~xt come
the claim~ of :.l1f" v11riou~ 110rta of pri,·ate pro per!!,
fur tJ1e \'atiOI~'I iOrlS of pri\'lle property &re the
foundat ions ol eociet)", etc. h i.J plain. aucb hoi·
lo w -ph raJ< can be turned and t wisted It will.
The fint and the eecond pan of th~ parag upb
Clln ha\"e aJJY .emihle connectioo
in the (olJo"'·in@: form:
"Labor can become the ..ouroe o f wf!.I"Jth ""d
c inlizat1on only as •ociallal.·::-," or, what amo1..
to the 1>8me th ing. ..only in and through toeiety.'
TI1i!" propo!iition i& il)d i~putably cotTCCt, for CTa:l
if i!K)Iotrd labor 1il5 in11terial pre-requi•ites pre'
&uppo~oed I C3n crute Uioe·\"Miuea, yet it c.tn produce
neither wealth nor civiliza:tioo.
Ami just a.s indU:putahle U this other .Utcmart:
"In meuwe tlud l"loor i.a developed toei.ally,
and t.h~reby becomes the 110an:-e of wealth and
ci \·ili.zation, ore dt'\·eloped al!o poverty aand d~•
dat ion on the •ide o f the laborn, wealth and cirili·
utiun on thf' 5idt- cf tht non·la.horc:r."
Th!A :a thC:..Ja.,_· of all history up till now. '~bet
fo re. inN:etd of t.alkir1g in ~enl tCTIDA aboo
..lal•or" and '"llociet:)'·" it ahould b ave ~ clear)•
p ointed o ut ho ..·. unrler prr:stt~t capillliat toeid)
the rondition!". materi11l and otherwi~~e, are at luc
produced. whi.:.b enable, and indfled compel, the
laborers. to hrW throufrlt that &oeill cu.ne.
Dul . in fae1 , the entire puagrapb-faultv both
in llt)·ll'! and content&-appeara here onh· in' order
tn in!oC'tibt the La.'s.allean cat.chword o; the '"lhtahridped proceed... or labor" a" the watch•ord 170
the fla g of the party,
I &hall colllt back latm- to 1
the "proceeds of labor." the '"equa l righL" de.,
u ,the &arne thing rec:un in AOmeWhat difre~?.nt
fofTI1
(To bt com~.)
only
Vndtr tht auspicu of
Fint ond Second Aaoembly Diotricta,
- Left w,... Sectioa Soeialiot Party
ON THE 5 . 5 . •51VIU5•
iEi£~-~:V~.f~~!~nee &tep of the i-oovmnent it more
impo rtant than a dozt'n platfonm. If thertfon. it
was ' impossible--and the circum...~arK"es of the time
did not permil it- to ad,·ance beyond the l::iM.nach
platform, then y~u should ha"e simpl y concluded
· an'""~' for "ction atz:ainlt the common enemy.
;..But when ~·ou forcoulate platforma" 6( principle.
finst~sd of postponm~ 1hi!1 work until 1uch ti~
a !l \' OU h1vt bet:omc prepued l or it .throujEh r.:on·
tin~ed common action J . then vou es-tablish landm~rb b,- which all the worl._
.;au@'e the hei~t
of the p3rty monmenL The chiefa ol the t....u..aflean• came: to you bec.ute the coad ition• forced them.
H1d you declared to them from the oulld that you
would not enter on any dickering io principles.
then they wou\,d ha•~ been ()bliged to coDLeat thero·
w:lvcs " ·ilh a program Cor action. or a plan ,f or·
£&n'iJition for common ac.tion
11\Sle&d of lh.it..
you allo-. them to cro~ =~ •ilh credcntiala u
bin~ : ""~ ..a
urnoder al ditcrd.ioD to th01o11·
ell
of
• ·ealth, no one
in IIOC'irt~· can " cquirt ._calth u r epl L!. the product
o f lt~bor. Thcrtfo~. if he doe- not "·o rk himaelf.
WA.JU's U:TTI:R TO BRA.C.._£
Dear Bucke :
After nadinf! theM )"OU will be 110 kind •• to
communit:alt: to Gt"ih, Auf'r, Bebel 1nd Liebknecht.
the l'-UhJoinPd c-r11K-al rornmen~ or. the fu~ion platform. I am o,·er -wo rked a nd com1-elled to " ·ork
lte\ ond th~ limll!> yb-ribed ln· m)· phy~ician. It
·- ·a t< ttie r~fort by no mean11. a .. plen.:•-ure" fo r me to
\oOTite &urh 1 tape·"'·orm: Hut 11 Will" l'lecet-..ar r , 10
. tl1at the purt~· friend!! , for - ·h om lhi! conmmni{'ation
l" intendn.l. ma~· nut mi!interpr-d the &trp~ to be
t11ken hv me latf'r Cln .
... .' .. It ill indis ptn~ahl e. f-inoe nut! ide ,.f ~r ·
rna"'· thr n otion-a ltoFrther ~rron~u !. bul fo S-terrJ
),y t),;:- enemin of our part,·- is entert.Aintd that we
5f"Crt1h' frt•n• here dira:t the mO \"f'm~t of the IW)·
culled Ei~ndrh part\", F or in~tanre, in a recent
Hu,..~ i •n puhlic.atioo. U:U:unin male:. m~ . ... J"elo•
PS'nsiLie for 111! the pbtform declaratio ns, etc., of
that party .• •..••
A.cide from thi!l it is my duty not to re.~o,mi.J:e .
evn1 br a diplornatic ti lmc~. 1 plat.form that is in
m j' opinion "'ltngt-t.her objectionable and demoral-
~lux.
CO"'W£NTS ON Til[ P LATfORM OF THE Cl.1ULUI
lABOR PA.Rn"
be live. upon the lahor of ot.hen, and alao eequirw
hi.a ahare of ci,iliutioo a1 tho u.penae of otben'
la.oot ."'
l mtead of thi5, another "lft'ltence ia atUcbed by
means o f thf' pl11ue "arv:/ sirn;(o ," in o rder to dnw
a cnnchuioo from t..b.U Iauer ICDtentt, and DOt from"
t.M fo rma.
Second par. oj1h.t porap-aph : UaefaJ labor ia
~ihle only in anJ u.roup:h .aciety ...
Left Wing Mass MeetiQg
SUNDAY, JtJNE 22, at 8 P. M.
Ticket. i:.d. T . . 1Sc
0.
""r •'
Ly~
66 E. 4<h 5tnJd
At Manhattan
E•on~?'i•• liM
Aclmi..ioa Free
LEFT WING PICNIC
s-.loy, " - ' Z4tb, I tit,
at
E.A.STEitH IIOULBVAJt.D PARK
~
Euteno Boainanl aac1 F -
•
a-.~,
w..tcJ.ow, a,_,., N. Y.
Oriental Dances by Miu K.uay&m& and
Troupe.
.
Other attraction• to be announced later.
A Red Picnic-A Great Time-For a Red
Cau~t .
Men, \Vomen and Children of
the \ Vorking Clan. Come and eDjoy
yourselves!
Picnic suns 10 A. M .
.__,.._ ..,_ tit.• lAft Wia• ......_.. .t ..._
Jk t. Ml·~ at pte
·A.a..la•'-
MASS PROTEST MEETINC IN
NcyiARK
TOlROTEST THE CWSI/VC of lA. PORTS
TO DEMAND THE IMMEDIArE RELEASE
OF ALL POUT/CAL PRJSOIVERS
. n.;....y, J - . . ltlt
At
~·
·-
...~
......, ........
M - l t . - N. J.
..,,..,.,_. Soct.wiT P.uon 111w<cBa
Spuken iD
Eqlitb. R.uui.aa, llkr&iau.a ud
P~h
�I
..,. New Y ,r~r; Communiot
·I
'
The Pink
VII. Seaet Oiplomacr in the 4th A. D.
A
i.t..i.•
""•" alright, hy ahowins that ~drr prolet.ui.u pl1~, &ad mt~•ed ; retolutioo co~
1
an eX1ml that t.he ,.aJ~: of dueA atamp!l wu dictalort-hip la"'')·en -.·ould ~ to de.th.
acooaa.
luuel)· ~u!•nrnt to pro\·ide Ciflar,. for Exa.:u·
:'\othintt dauntrd b,· hit fatH failurr. 'Karlin in·
Caught pink--handed.. the plotten adaW:t.l' . .
ti,·r Comm11t~ m~lmjt~. t.hr ..rmi<omrad~ "'· ho duct'd 8 yuun, comrade. who lncidC'Iltally ",.uelevr:n cha~ge Lut tried· to make il appear that the whole
fnrtf!ftlllrr atth,. Ptople'fl Hou-.e doc iflrd ot ;a 1-t"'("f'et montha in ancao. "'ith-his dueo, 10 ~oend out postal· affair..,... merel~
· joke. Semi-comudeGlau &t.
Dlf"rllllf(. hrld in thr furnacr·roum nf that huildm,;,
card~ ca ll in~ for 8 l«ret cauc-.u 11 Karlin's o&ioe arOSoe to the defe
Sbe ro.a.id that ibe bad ,. ·
til:~~. ~~~r.,tim..: fLoc
or .·;r~~:s~·:::t'~::·~O~l~:r:~.t, II Oil May 23. Cunt<irnl'!' 'i'tric.kn) II hi• RC1
~~~~·ed a letlt'!' s'
··comrade"' ullm, bQ.,..
.......... """'
...
~·ounf.!~ltr rrmaint"d a••l· from rhe · m~i.ug, but .-..rl in'• olice,
d, thin.king ' that iU bad .bef'aue.
(Jne u£ the l~drnft Pinll Terroril'l5 from Kinf!'l!, ..evt'rul ~mi<orrua~ attrnded. One such wa.:~ En tlu:ir le.ader.&..haatrned round lO lhe 6..oucial ..,..
C"lulf: hinJZ 1 Oumt1 in U1e ~hapr of A fohe.af uf ''r"-..,r· Glun. "'ho h11d tH-en 50 brnL:en·he:srted by the de. rdar~· loaM. hia advice. He lold her lOp. Sill
Fnnrz:1 trm" lell eT"f., ti"J•Ortt-d that :he rwrk wa~ not fe~~t of hoth Karl in and London at the last •.:lectiona "'tnt and found • few ~omndcs. They bad'aa-.
o~~·!rf',!=' .. ,tl1 much ~UI:C'~!o 1n Hroold~<n. Brt~nrh" !h!lt fohr had rer.ulined IWII)' from the Branch 'meet· joyahle ti~ apd ditc:UMed mauen ill pDI!'I'al Na•tr·3dfA~th· rda!flng to be "tr·OtJZaniz~." npelltd ings 11ince laat J\o,Trnhn.
lurall~· "he ba~d enquired 'about ' the Br&DCb. ud
or r.U•J"'r1rl~:J anJ t'\'t-n JnM'InF at the d•,·ine rif:!hl p(
1 h
I
aN..ed • ·hethfT matlen were ..alri!Jh.L" Sbe • •
tJ1c Stdtt' Lommittt'f.' in the )'t:t!>Onl> of thr "commit· two" ~f r J:'eu~:;·nO:."'' ~~~·hi~o;t::~ !~~~~too~rfh~ ,,..Jd that the- Bunch wu ... 11 Left~ aad OD ~
I~ nf thl.t'C... Hrporv hum thr rortlt of The Tutor Bram.'h, one of "'·hom w.u L~e org~n11.er, and to "re· ~~~.!o~~~~:~d~~! ~:':a~-:. ~~nt::.'.b~~:~·
in th.- Hrunt . ,..hu·h il' •ometJml!§ calleJ Tht- Cham· Otf!Ollliu" 1.11! Branch at the comin~ Frida!" tiK'C1 illg. uall y be .. re-()rp:aniz.ed.... But then wu 110
!:'a:f ~!::~~s~::. frownrd on - re-orf!anizatJOn'' Lad.. the prete•t that lhe Branch h ad joine.d the and no plot 10 ..re-orgaai.ae"' the Braacbl .·
,
l...l!h \\-mF. anotht'r .. illrralit(' "'' U concocted : fa.
This naive recital thr~ Ll1e Braocb ~
"But" haid thr lti~h Chief Pro letA."~ lin ..,orne· \"o;;nf! th ~ Crh Lommittt"e'• ca ll for I Citj Con\'en· into roan .,f laughtb". w 'tm theu Uo.e ud ..id
tJ 1inp: must Le done." TI•i~ •·eiFht~· contribution ing the City Comnuttee'a eall for o Cit) CoDvea· lhe "'·J,olc.#&fl'alr "'' 4.5 a joke, but:i! tht: Bruch .._
lo thr. dl!o£u ...~i"n \ti' ..S recehed "''t}' much nodding tion.
\
...
.
Dot di,.po~ I<J regard it .a, tht:ia let them so~
of head!-. ~inF- "'·h it·l• the !:petJ.rr lust hi!l trmper
(rf'tting "'·ind of · ·hnt w.u happeninR tht Branch and condemn hit !•·e:nty Joa.a yean of .la"riiaa:
and crrt-d DnJ!ril~· ~ ":\odd•n~ ,·our hud~ "'·;!I ttc· offw·i:d ~ ~~ uut a cal! Cor attcnd11nct at the Bral)f:h ..Shoot if yoa will this old
bead .••••
c"mpli~h noth1n~. Th~ Ldt \\ m~ h. ~ow('tpmp the mM:IInj:! on the jZTound that .. a fe.,•• unfoC'rul•ulbw
A motion w.u maile, ! at the coacluaioa ol lUI
5 Lrlf' an.: unl~~ "''e can cope "'·ith tJ,t' ~rtuutiun, fllemkr .. are tr,·iuF ,to di!'rupt the Branch:" • ·Til< hann~ue, to •ithduw all oflcen of the Bfa.lll::b
"-'C" "'dl all ha\'!' to , o to MOrL: i.n futur e.'' Sud, 8 Call ai:-.o c.urit'd a nJ ticc to thir. rffoct; app.h:ntly • ·ho "' ere Unoh·ed i.n.the .ecn:t eauc:a~. 1'hi1 8lellll
drt.a.-i,n~"! Lilih .~<tart led thr p.rmi:-comude!! into m1..;.t~inR" it ior ~i-<"'lrurade Gcrher'e w:u~l lfoO· l!larlin'fo remo'·"l a1 a delf:@ate_lo 1M Caural.c.o.acll\11~ . ~u~•J!e$lu•n afttr f'U~5!~t.•on "·:..~ made phi~tr~ .
me01 ho:rc of the ~ret t;41u-.:u!l, how· 8tiuee. He: rull11ed Ul' to the maker o£ the IDCitiaa.
and rqr·rtr,J urt il an el·A!i>~cmld~·m:m . "'·ho 0 11 ac· e'l"r , • ·tre H't\' mut·h al:t~f'rl. nearlj· comir'lg ·to demandinp: lo know ..What crime baYe I coa:mait·
cnunt of hi~ p•Jirtit-.11 Uf'rrirnCf' "''M l i~trnrd to 11!.."" ~· it i!l ~ id, O\t"r •lro C't~u...ed the " leuL:." At ted ?" So · threatening wu hi• attitude tbll: tbi
"'·it h (!'Tt':JI aHr~tion. lliu'Jlp"~trd thnt all ~mhlnn~ a. tlurrit·d j:!at!•rrin~ •l#forr the mtC'tin¥" they de- comrade-s ru..hed up .to prnentlhim (rom~~
uf t.... tilit\' I~ dn 1l'l""rJ to...,·nrd" I hi" in"UTf:!CIIh ~rt ci1ieJ If• c.rll ,~R the " rt·oq;anization" anJ to hear h is "dl·kno•·o prin'=ipJes. which ,an! oppoeed tD
\Jntr·t.>tf:!anu.ed. "''hlle the .. lo~·al'' member:- are ~· 1 th :he "moll anarchiFtrC"" meml.M:n for a whiJ-: ,;olence. After about 15 minute. cha01, ordlr
' r)'J•ro:.r11rd M"'C'te11~· and Mhrn r.uBic ient ~otrength )onler.
·
••" r~lored. ln 1pite ·or_ the '6 1ibulta' L.ept ap
j" m:.~~trrrd in &n\' one hr:mch . that branch Carr)·
U)u:n the mf":'f in,.,• onr:ned and tlu.• lrner from h~· ~arlir! a:.d other COD!~piraton: the motioe , . .
out "rf"·OtP&nizutiOn" un i~ O
"'· '" initinti\'C.
r·
,. ,-h II
•_.J
A
u-L.
r
th,. Cit~· Commilll"'e "'' u n.,d Karlin Jeaped ro hil
na Y currr~
l • r.u
ueat meenng IIU'ft;la
!'-emi<OflltLdr 1\.arliu immedi:ucl)' ·:oluntened ; (,.~ 1 and in hi:- ·IJ("!!t lrpl m:.nner • ·arned thr Branch •·a~ elct"ted dele@:alt to the .
tral ComaUttee, bat
t!• t~ thi,. pl an in his B·anch, the 4th A. D. It me~~r~ that acrrpt3nce o ( th~ C1t~. Comrn•«oe'" C!~"m~~eea~~~J~= ~. 4~~- ~..~.faJ-~
•J'JloC.trs that h.11rlin h"" been \'r~ acli\'r in thl.10 ca l, "'a" 1!!r,::al. it" tl~ Sto• tnM,'lUflf'e nu~lu Ql ~
o., f"nd.l"t' f\arltn • ,!oiChUl' ,'".':':"10 ~pr•Br ;~ nrh !! inre tile l..e,innirur or t~e year, hu,·ing
i I
J
~ wn u
...... ....
"
c
I
.
on'r' m tJ~~"! ~('.orr ' If'
~ •_u
• ' capture thr. Branch (or. 1the Ri-'-l Win• · - , .
~ut h im..~H f'lec-tt'd to tht• C.r ntul .ommillc-e "'' lt'n 11 lt~tJI. frnrlrnJ! lno>t lhr Utd.rch wo. t.lr•JIIIr.t."d to
d d h
. . b' f
L-~f
~.. found tl1al thr mach inf' ··~., ~'" " •.... huaL"AII. 21 . . ~~ L... no•n•n.;, lhe memhe'no of the KCrd war e
Y n~~matmg liD ,or.
uaJCD rom u:.r
't'l~n"' "'' ere 1mmt-£:ttrlv l ai~t and ka:lin, ahrr r.t~uc..u• deriJed to "in~truct" the deltEBtet. So 1 ti~h. A. D.. "-'1!-t!~~ Ute kn_owud~ of ~ 4th A.)D.
much h:u.J·.!ohnk inf! hurried from the mretin~. HU much for ~e illl':flllt\' Q( the Cit\· Committee!
It 1.!: bored that t~ tuf.c~ent. R.iJd,t WI.Jll 1~
fm:t act " ·a .. to lltt"nd e lrttr r to the financial MCre·
·
can he dn::ted lo Judealup• m .ihe faiL they Will
f('lan· of the Bunch a4ins h:_, 1o call at h:,. it\.ar·
At the hnur ,nw late. Karlin 1nd th~ memben l ~ ablr to .. IO·u ·• thr promineot Left :Win«*' for
)in\,; )11w offiC"e. Thi!. the fio.:1.n\·ial t'ecret ry .rl. of the aerret cauc\u1 Lecaple openly elated: the ICC: IUB'K·irnt ''•trdC"he!!" to mahle lhr:Partr lobe_...
fu:-cJ 1ttJ do, AU~ Jo«l in~ tl1at ;Karlin "u @:ointr to ret "''ae 1tiJI thrirs. Uut ala~. under nrw J;,u.sinese 'IHllf' £or the .Pink. and, in ~ptioaal cue. d.
U)' and c.oD\·ince him tl1at politica! demUo.!l'_K7
__
1h_•_fi_m_•_nc_u_J_o«_r_et_•_rr._
, _un_r_o_Jded--th-•-det_•_i_la_o_f_the_t -Ji_g_h•_R_..t_.....,
__
·..,.,
_mr_adea._..,·_______'_
ITER ha' inF "re.ortani.ud" the local to such
uu.·
4
c:=:
rn,e:
0
p.e,.:
-n,f.
::.t:
I
why Political Democracl
Must Go
· .
(Com;tw.ed from pa«e 5)
~e"\'rland
the
lllei;
'
Aldermen, etc. ) were deprh·ed of
t>Mtf. in the rn~t cynical manner by the eavi·
tali~~. and th~ Sociali't politic.1l action wu com·
pletel y nullifiec!.
Hut 11J thi11 iA nothing. to the indirect influence
eserted upun the People by the capitalist control
of the churchet, the K.hoolll and tire pret. DuriO@:
the "'' If "'e h<~~ve &ern ,·er~' cleerl)· tl•r relation he·
t"'·een the Freat capital is~ii ed the church~ and
Khool&. The C11pitnli~~ ~i"e the money which
r.uoporu the church and payA thr mini1ler; "'·hich
endo"'·• the lar@:e'!ol univeniti~ and pays the prof~ora. In e.pme cuee;, during the war, the Stete
Councils o£ Dcferue threatened minister " who
dared to preach ar;airut the war; othen l011 their
p~itioru. The Nme thine- ia true • .!n a more gl•~·
il'lE depee, of thr · te.~chers in ~~Chooh and unJ·
Tetaitieo.. The pre-.sure of the capitalist endow.
mcoU. ;be Hoards of Directore of Churchs ed the
Ovenee1'1 of the lJniYertiti~ and Schools. forced
te.cben and m.i'ni•ten to keep ailenc:e, or drove
them belpleu into a hottile world, where for all
practieal JMU'POM» a complete black-lilt a:~ted.
AnA !':ace the War hu eoded. thil proc::e~e of dri•·
ing out economic AD4 political heretic. .tiiJ 800
on. th.,ts«b with i.ncreued vi8or. UDder coYer o.r
tl-te cry of ..Bol.bet"i~" In the public .chool• and
the ·State UD.i.-enitim, alao, the N!M •.c~ioa· tak•
oi.C., aad· .with even more ·~ ancl brutality,
Jllfi.ng to the eapitalirt control of the political ma:hinery. Thia i• aupplemeDted, i.n CUCII when- jt il
•wkwud or inadvU.able lo i.nvoke l.he Jaw, by lYnch·
iDp ud mob-violence provoked by Cham.ben of
(;0........., aad 1\ational Seeunty ~ ancl by
:fe1Lberate1y fa.bified ..innatigationa," wltoae object
t ia to mi.ltpreK"!l the Labor Mo,.aDel-1 iD 1ucb
way U to M:t t.be Go•er:ome:otal tucb.iDery in
-ioD.
'! pre~~ ia • •till more po,;,.mul weapon. Tbe
. ol or l],e\o"•papcn., and eepcdally of the po~u
•ar m&f{uiDCa. baa o ( Jate year• been concc:otrallod
ia the har.cla ol tbe ...... capitaliaU<: !Dter'"b, who
.
1
r-..: - · - . . . .
3:;
~
!oelc
so
au conlmt en::o to
monty .o lofl8 ·., ..,. con· \ do DtJt @O to the b i.Jiot.boL i'be,
oo llrik&·
lrol. the 1\'tnU~ of public expreN~iun. !\~s i~ The pity is that they do Dot Mle' thai tb.ia. tDo. 8
practicall ~· " rnonoJ,ol~· of one gt.e.JI preq ~'OCia- 1 thr """)' to
cOntrol of !be SLI.a.o--. polia:ica1
t.ion. • ·hich e•pre:-~ cleafl~· and faithfull~· the act- and ·that thi.t ia the oDiy way.
peat r:apitalit-t JMJinl of ''in·. Editor• and rf'porten ·
The on.ly power which the . capi:,!,~,.r:-- c..
wtM do not confurc arJ thil Tiew are di.diU'fled and not oppo5e i.& the orga.o.i&ed &Del ·
Ktiaa .I
bo)'COUed; a black-Jist ai.b.
' the proJdal'i.a.rr. - .
. In lhia way oew. ia . praC"ieatly denied to the
Jahrir presf<. The advehiKn are leap:ued not to ad·
· ·
Ttrti.. in rodic.ol pape~ ao uto make it impoaAihle
for them to d o more tl:tan nUt. And to cap the
•
tlimn. the. POt-trnal'tei·Ceoer•l may exc!ude £rom
Co.// has diKe,wzed 1that the..,Left WiDe ..
thr mails any ·publiC"...at:on which he~ fit, "'·ithout
CompotoeJ of a . bUDCh of buken, b'1llt ...,..
fi,·inft all)' tflal:on ; thw. eotailin~ immen~e and nate5, and corporation clinlcton muqueradiat
often jnsupportaLir d.LnaJ;e upon the publication the overaJis of the proletuiau. Now ~ ue SCiJ11
and il5 baclc.en, and Pre\'ftrt.i. the diKuMion of •t the ruJ rc.»>D for the IUII~iou of tbe ...,.,_
s)olilical ed econo::oic!qurstioDio.
fede:ration.--they are IUipected of beiasoap~!
There ·are thme whO uy, ..""h.i.e i. aot the faah1
of political deqiocr~:. h ia e ablde of dtmoc·
PoJhcJic Fipm. No. J : Jvliao
racy. " ·hich, if remedied. would permit the (r"'e
the prooeecb from tile aale of cit. u.pa.
elerri.e or the ballot ~0 C(,llq\Jer political pOwer."
.
Let it be admined lhat t.be.e condiriona are anUAull,
Thr SocietT of the Commoa-lth C...." a f#
and that in normal ~ the-re would be more fre&.
dom of nprenion to !the l...abor MovemmL Bwl pniution within Jhe dt.orsan.iulicm, whiCil c..
Uws1 u jwl IM proi~in abnoi'IMI timfll rolitieal trolr. tire ~NKaiJed People'• Howe, h• 8CIOOIII:pli.a.l
democ:racy bre&b dowt~., arid 11 U alllKI11 obnormal aaother victory for the ~ · old~ ....
limt'! • 'h-en 1M Otlp~ cl011 fearJ tlwal lA~ tc~orUn ciplea. which "" hear ao moch. ohoot Ia. 7'/w Coa!4
rrwj' COfl911<n po/iJi.coJ pOII.'C. , The Opal .up--' of f""' ·~b ancl f r e e - · bJ ..,... lila
:
preNion of the politiC.tl power of the worbn il auditorium lO tbe City r..o.n..til&
,.m
I
Til£
The T el'eacope
a
«
.
...
oimply .a iDdieaDoa of oa ..-fully
allthetime.
Property il power. Propai! i• politi;eal power.
Only &he abolit.ioo o£ propny .c"iJJ emW'e the work·
~ of ,.) "-ouacy. and only the dictatonhip
of the prolsariat caa abol'.ob property.
A majorily ia ~ ancl the Sap.- Comt.
without the diLiatorahip o£ the proldariaL will· DOt
·,;ve the worker. pow«. The upit.aldt clua 4-.
DOl ~ontrol the State- beca.e i: baa a majority iD
Colli!,_ /r .... -ion.,- ...
i1 conlroU ,.. ~ ~1 IN s.-, aaclor lba
"Tite SocioUM ia aa~'....m, llipl 'IV'~ ....
ciplra" aay. tha.: orpa iD iD I • ~ a. w
doa't blatae it; the RiJ!h .Vi'iailt.aa.• ,.-,-.
or for thai _ . . priaoipala eitllor, .............,.
it wo~d , .._d fM Tlw Social>oo 1D ......
.1..,, ..:. .. ~ ~ • r~w ~ .
But . ,
alid we "'ill ... that, -.ida ol Tlw C.U, I t -
...
• .., '....u,i ~.
c...,,_, -
d~r:~~:~r:.:r:,t
;ta ... ~
-
with
of puJitieal -=tion., the ICtioD of the ....... OD tbe
economic 6eld, .-trik~ d~atioaa. ~
tioDI. Thit f "'rm of actiOD ia *well knoW11 to ua. il
ia
ancl
WI- werkan
·well-taLii.n.d,
eva
l•aL
.....,, • raiae of - - ... ...,_ ol ~-
. . . Gabor--.
Ia ...__, .......
We..,.... . . . i~ ·...-. ita
e.,
~
.
-;.....n.-,.
'
I
I,
..
.
�S5000
For
'·
.
lew~!ut~~uu~ry s~ci~~~sm
The National Ezecutin Conimittee of the Socialiot Pa.rt1 baa decided to eJ:terminate the reTolutionary
elemeuu in the partJ' b,. ezpellinc ti>em. .
It io folio win a the bo'Vteoio tactico of Local New York, .the committee that omubed the Part, lacal17
b,. ezpeUina ZZ braucheo.
'-..
The State Executive Committee of New York j,u appointed a committee· of three ( !) with full power to
expell any local that becomeo Bolohevik and adopto toe Left Wina Proaram : Localo Queena, Rocheoter, Buffalo,
Utica and Kina• are about to be ezpeUed. Bronz io to be re-oraaniJ:ecl.
The Part,. !• aoinaleft. The revolution agairu\, reaction hu uoumed z-;aantic proportione. The memberohip io determined in iu oupport of W>compromioing revolutionary principl.eo.
Mo~rio Hillquit want. tl.e decko cleared. He uko for a oplit in t!... Part,.. He repudio.teo the Third InternationaL
Beaten by the memberohip the old leaden of the National Ezec:utive Committee dioreaard the Pa.rt1 referendumo. It declare• the voteo of the rank and lile Toicl.
I
The N. E. C. repudiate. the Third lntemo.tionc:.!, the · lntemational of the Boloheviki, after the Pan,.
membero by an onrwhelmina majority han •oted to affiliate and participate.
·
Repudiate tb...e
brut.!,.:;..,..,.:.~ -..1 =-~pled
Ro.lly DOW to the oupport of Socialiom in. America.
.
tactica.
Help the Left Wina carry on iu Iicht for re•olutionary priDciplea.
.
The Left Wine carrieo em: the Iicht for the rank &Del 6le.
.
'
It carrie• on the Iicht for the 40,000 member/ of the onen forei111 federatione of the
been expeUed becauoe the7 were FOREIGNERS and BOLSHEVIKS.
~
P~
tha
't'e
THE LEFT WING PUBUSHES
)
The New· v.~.ork Communist
the paper that in America ennuaciateo the communiat principl.eo &Del whole heartediJ' oupporU the Bolabnild of
Ruaaia and the Sp&rUcano of German,..
.
The Left Wine io beinc attacked DOw on rJI aide• b7 the reacti011arieo in the part,., h,. the New York
Call, by the capitaliot ;;reo• and by "the Go-.erDIDI!IIt.
·
MONEY HAS BEEN SPENT AND MORE IS NEEDED.
To wipe out our debt, to continue the publication of The New York Communiat and to continue to carry
OD thio important 6aht we appeal for $5,100.
'
" SHOW THE RIGHTS WHERE OUR MONEY COMES FROM!
s-d -tributiaao to
~MILIAN COHEN, 43
'
W. 29th 5~ at once
$5,000 for a united party on revolutionary ·principles-a solid front against capitalism-victo)y for the working class.
I
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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New York Communist, 1919-06-21
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1919-06-21
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n10_19190621
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2018-08-13
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n10
Extent
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Proletarian Dictatorship
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/03b60879c33cb3a684b7c5c40d9968d7.pdf
c68b650691648f5be78110adc136959a
PDF Text
Text
\
New York
?She
COMMUNIS.· T
New York, Saturday, June 14, 1919
VoL I, No. 9
'
Price 5 ceuta
Scuttling the Ship
C
0 \1l lADES : -There ito hard ly • Put}' member
....tiO duo not kno-.· that thr" n end • ·ith in the
P a rt\' fo r th e la!it !<>~tr a l mon th' hu been t o·
" 'ord Jr"\:n lut iona ~· an d uncom promi~m ~ Soc ial -
i~m . V. e ha ve!' e ll been t au~h t a J:TC"at le- .on b y the
~hcidemtann!i and t\.a u b.k,vr- of ~ r man)· , the 1-len-
t},,. ...
dr r!oo n!> of [ n~ l ond and SOc ialist-patioL•
-n rl d
0\' t:r .
\\ e l.. no"' ti • ~t l that brand of ''Soc •a li!!!m", Ute
lon d thfl t tt l"' •' • t r 111deo. and comprom• ~ "' ith the
cap i t ah ~ t dttto.-.a., a nd the ~o u p p onerp, of "'·hich , in
t im ~ of "' 'n and re\ •, lut ion , do n ot h ~ t t ate to go
h and bv h and "'' ith t he ir tmpt'ria lu.t. ic p:overnmenll
and r e \t' l)lt: llu:m!-ehr!' upon r omr edes of t ur h
llt e rl m c cha rac ter a11 Ln:Lknr.: h t. Ho!<a l.u1emburg
a nd othe•"' · ¥o'e U1u w t h :al ":'oc ia l!s.t ,.' ' ~ l u•\· i n!l' in
thi ~ kind of " Soc ia li...m'', are not to Le tru sted .,..ttL
our Part y man e ~ e me n l.
And t.o fo r many months a 18lru~(:l e h u l'«n go·
intt: on in o ur l-' nn ,· in thill co unt r~· bet ...·een the
r evo lutto ua rv deme-n t a ~d th e u ppo rN ni!'L"t v. ho
co n l ~o l tlu: ila rt ,· mac: hmen·. Tiu· memben of the
Pari\ . ha ,· in ~ lea nlt' d thal Sc heHiemA nn ""Soc ia l·
i!> nt.; meATIJ. J d eat im tead of '"i c t nr ~- for the .,.·ork·
ir.il' d aJ.~. ha,·e- ta ken I'll ret d tcul and re \fl lu t icm:u~· at ·
t it~de in lme .,.·ith the n~ ...- l ntrr nat it•nn l. Th i!t
r adtl'a l t.tand on the pnrt of thf' l'n rt \· me m lw r ~ h n.~
b~ n numed the ''Lef t \\" m~· · .,.-ithin th r: P a rt ~ . T he
Sun al i!'t!' in m o~ t l o~~ q:e indu!'lnll ren t r ~ ha,·e
j oined th e Lc h \\ inF · Ho!'to n. C le,·el and. Buffa lo,
SAn fr anci"<'c . Oa LianJ . l'ortl anJ . Phi lad drhia ,
Detroi t. Se.1 11le a nd ~o res of oth " Loca ls and e,·en
5 tate o r~ani z at ion !' of o ur Pa rt y haw· offici a ll y
ado pted the Ldl'\\ m ~ p ro,rram . .
The Hu ~.. ian . Lithua nian, l ikrairiean , P nli1h
H unp- "r ia n, ~uth S lavic and Lettish lanpta,.e fed .
er11 tio n' CJ f the Sot'io. ! : : ~ P erty. !:O!ltai nin r o'·er 30.·
~:r;;,'; :~;:~:ol\:s•tl~!dc!~::de~ ! i;i,~!~~:;:
in~ the f- itu atin n in Eu r o ~. have- for a J o n ~ ti me
roq ue-:ott:d thr Socia l iN P art y _in ~ ia cou ntry ~ o tak e
a defm ilf' atand upon the tilde of the Len.in and
Liehk necht Socia l i~oL~ of [ uro pe.
It wa1- because th ~ AC:\"en lantrua,-e feder ation•
0 ( th ~ Pa rt\' -cr itici1t:d the na tiona l executh ·e com ·
m ittee fo r ils stradd linr of thi ~ im port.a.nt question.
tl1a1 ..e,·en memlx-n of tl1is committee 1u:..~nded
th eAC: fe derat ions at it. meeting; May 24 to 30th.
)( thi ~ mane r • ·ere not 1o0 serio us it would in·
deed be la uJthable. Wt: &u bmit to you , co mrade,
th at it is rather f unn~· fo r a lillie p o ur of ~ ~vt' n
d~ pt" r ate men I O AU S ~d 0 \"f'r lhi(t:r lhoUJ.Gnd
members fr om the Socia list Party. S uch a n act
ha! neve r l~n perpertra ted upon the 5ocia li.st Part y
bel ore. t'\ ~·e r in th e hi-Mol) of the Part y h tu~ a &et
of o ffic ia ls acted in 1uch a b itt:h -handed a11J autocrat·
ic manner. Lrt it be inde ll ibly impre»ed upon ~· o ur
brai n. r omrade--Je-vr.n men a u r~ ~nded ova- lhirty
thow on.d memben f rom the P m y-and .even is
o nl)· a minor ity of the National E:Iocutive Com·
m.ittee.
Thi1 i1 not the wont of it. H .:.'"e is whal this
aUiocratic sroup of ~en Nat..ion• l Comm.iUCie!DUl
cijd :
·
1. They s1u pcnde-J ICTCn langua~ fed .
enti ont , conta inin! over 30,00 memhen,
fro m the Soc ialist Party.
2. Th ey refuaed thetc fetkrat ioDA al'ri..-1.
3. They refU!C:d to pve the.e feds"a ·
LioM a chtlDCe to prepiU'e their cue.
4. They reluood to pootpooe the ..,._
perui on until the ~ucuriwe Comm.in.of the federationa coul d ect
the matter.
·s. The autoer&IM: Natioul Eucuti"'
Comm in.eemeo e'ftb went .o far u lo fail
to give any o r the fede:ratioos • copy o£
the chup while the debate on the motioo
to sutpend wu bein8 acted upon.. ·
m
6. They alto up<lkd the Socialiat p.,..
~ic! l~
::'i:fill!
about 6,000
7. Thi. group of IMl""eD .upmded the
entire elcction of the o6ciala of abe Soci.al·
ilt Part y under the cl~y eu:u.-e that~
vot ~ cannot be tabulated becau.-e aome
bt&llches a.nd local1 't'oted aa aUDit and Cor
c.an di d at~ not the: choice of t.he ructioD·
ary grou p of aa'Yaa..
In al.on, thla sroup of Natiooal Commit._..., drunk with po..,. they ~--· ree~u.s
agriaved becautc theM fedtl-atiou dared to criciciae
.
.
the t'\at ional E:u~c ut i \· e Co mmittee. m o~~ d e them ·
~h·eli f!Ut h y of a n act .,..l1ir h .,.·ill diw: redit them
f or n ~ r ic the Jnternati onal Socia h tt mCJ\'eme nt.
\\ f" P.a y th 11.t e\·en if "'-"l" • t:re ~u i h y of acu not in
r o n fo rnut ~· .,..1th the constitut ion, and thU u ·~ d~nr
- lwt e '·en if .,..e ...-ere ~u i lt y of fl uch acb , u:~ had a
ri1-lu to a fair trial u·ith ncric~ that chnrt.e.s ul(r ~ , .,
br p lo.crd a,_oin.Jt u.s . t'\o PaM ~ memhen • ·i ll aay
th at .,..,. h ll \ ' f" not the titt:h t ·to a fair tr ia l and the
~:f~~ ;i:.:~~~!l ~:;~~.reb~tu~t
d~':J' ::p~La~
1
c::
Soc ialU.t P m ~· Titr c\1 nr ~~ fl~ a in sl US, ... h ich we hl\'e ~ n al·
lo"'-ed tu ~"et , ~ in ct "'e h a\~ been com ·icted and
fi u -- ~n drl l. c-o ntai n numero us cuunb. tt-o mi ) le'\ding
and far -fet r heJ tha t 11 i~ u ~oel e.s to rep ly to lthem...
we op l)' • ·isb ~ h ad auc.ceeded iD th.ia loRa« bd'orw
no ...·, .fo r the acta or the •e-wn au.wcredJ on theN •
1iona l E ~: ecu t h·e Co mmi ttee mull proft to .,..,
co mr-ade that a change in Partr ad.rninUtratioo, ill
program a nd ta<."lia, ia 't'Cf')' much oeedccl 1M
co un ~ in the charges claimio! we riolated the Party conJtit utiOn do not a pply at all, and the a~
c rat ic ae vt:n 1ll d.Ch the constitution in an all"on
to rn.»e it apply to • cae they :...anted to trump ap
a!&inlt. IlL
\\-'e d~~ti.m that the lrut ruuon. Jor
...,~
i.s tM.I
t~ a.ulocr oti.c:
'*'
HW" of 1M NG1lor..l E_..
if ~ . 1M R noU,.U,,..,.,
titv- Com miu..·~ fno w 1hGI
Soci4 /i.d.s , w1~re p~ rm.iued 10 r~trnaio!t in &M pMfi'J,
1M OIJIJOrluni.sl ic cliq~ uiOIJJ not control W a-·
in& A (JilJtvJ Cont.~n.lioiJ, a.ncl thGI our """~
lt'OJ
volt'J .s o Ut.ol , mod~t r al~ , r~t/o rm, trl~Awr ..Soa.J,..
Um" u.oulJ prt: ~ in llwJI Conw.ntiol'&..
CaU for " National Confereoce of
th .. Left Win1 .
r.oJJ jar o tl&zwruJ ConJrmaet o/ 1"-e IA/t r i"4
ot rilr .-4 mtrwu• !!0(·1-lllur l'onr. Uuud by L«Al
IJOJ IOn., t Lvuu C. Ftcun.a. Na rLGry J ; Lnul CJ,.w .
Lnd, fC. 1:. R~t~ l'lbu1. !J rctttory }; oM 1ltr I.Aj t
r '" I Suuon ttj 1M .>\or wJJ.J t Part) o/ /\'t tl! J'orlr
Cu,, ( Mru tmJwn Col rn., ~ t cr t~ory).
T he- mt r rnalt una l f ltu at wn 1nd t ht criai6 in t br
AmcHctn Suc aalnt Part ) ; thr t.Lbcu a,;e the pan y
L u ru u r n~ q bu ru act t~ d oo the rmc rJttiC)" nat toD&l
c-M •·r nt••·'n : tile :"\. £ . C. ali~Uitl l'. ou r part y wi1h the
.. oettl·lll lt tr>ll I I Jkmr, wuh the Cuni;J ~ o( the
C n·•t UrU I ) tl ; thr necr ... tl) of recont truc-ti n• owI.!CIIoq· in ar r11 rd ..-uh rr' ol ui H•nt l"'' '"'·r nt.a,-..l.J thla,
a nd mo rro. 111 1 ~ ~ u n ~ eM&f! tlflll the rro o lutio olf"J'
f t.> rTe. in thr Soc:it lill l 'any 1c1 lot te hu fo r c.oUDM:I"
and act ton.
Tbito call if. t!a~fo n· iMued. for the-' hohlin1 of 1
r\atinnal Confc-: rencc- of tlu: Lr fl \\'i..aa of l.be .Amai·
C&D Soc: aalat l'a.n y, t o d.iac~ :
l.-Tile- criait in tht par. y, an~ action then10o ; the
conqueat of tbt pan y fo r tht ~ y , for rnolutiOD&I'J
SocWaam.
2.-T ht Nt w Inte-rna tional: Wl )'l a nd mUM to
pu ·•c-nt the- part y a liP-ina h .cll wtth the- " l nttm l •
tiona!" of tbt .ociai·JUitriot.a. of t.bt E.Lu1 -Sc.htideman.n J.'-ll'-•lt t"'- and the wcwc-nna uo trt; a!ilia lioa
wuh Uae & t.h" ·ill ·Spanaeu <.:oaunUJiilt l.ntcru •
tio rW aJ ooe.
3.- 1'ht form ul11ion of a dedant loo of rtrinci plc-:.
and p u~ of a na lil"nal rtl"fM' of tht l-eh \\iq
of the American Socia1iat P a.n y.
t. - formln J tom>' IMir'l of a national council or
huruu of the Lrh \l"nlll: for prupaJa nda., ~~eewi.Dc
of i.nformatioD and 1prudin1 in formauon.
~: ~b~r~n~n;d t~~;n!~!!h;'h~em'::"~(%?.
fo!;
d&eriDI the c:..uae of rrrolutionary Soc W iam..
Tbi• W I ia iMued t o loeaU of the SocW. Party,
branchu and Le-ft Win1 &f'D UP'
the party.
within
~;e '!f',b~ ~~=:;n:;,~ :,ru;b~ioi:J:r\l:: !f ~
ciali.t Pan y of C rutcr- Nnr Yort..
l ~h \\"ina: l ocal~ an i.n•ittd 10 tend deleptc-:. of6c iall,-. \\ here 1 loeal olricially r.t~~~a 10 puti.:.i·
pate. brancbea or _minority p ou J» in tht parry ac· ·
d:f~~~e!,he priaclples of t.be Ldt Wiq ahoWd ~d
Re presom ta titm-e~ Dt
ben..
dt.kJate for ncry SOO IIUIID •
No Joc:.al or p-uup s.hoWd .ead mort lba.n foor
tobr~~· e:~i~~~~~n~'d~1ea:.i~h ~-
thu
The confenoee wiU be bdd .w-t iua S.tOrdrr,
E.nh delerate will be
wed 12.5 lor • cntral fu d, mn of whlc.b ...W ..
Ju.oe 21, in New ' ' orlr. City
..
'*Z,~r e;:;:~f! d~lr=::.~! Snit~ ft'ft ·
..,ltorial&oiU teo
M~
N«"W Yorl- Cil,-.
In the ,.in
we
SociaH.u and
CoA,-, 4J ,._, 2'9JA St..
-
are char,...! with
with malia s
~ t.lt Wms
' And nou.--v·AGI do you th.inlr of tAU comnJar
\\'e were 1 u~pcn dcd by thi. autocratic ...,... ; hat
the~· t~ n-e not ... ti!' fi ed - ·hh that~ fu~ •i _,
of 1lte- {\'tJJiDn.tJ I llc..:tlquorkn , and we had to look
a ro und fo r other q uar..erL \1/e bad an idea thai
_au~pen.!o i o n
"'-' U onl) a tempo r.ry JUte and that we
miJ! ht •om~ dl\' be reinsUited ei.Uter hJ the IDfiD'
kr . hip or the Natiooal Co n~en lion. ·· Jn auc:h ~ ·
.,..e miFht ha,·e been allo wed to renuin iD tbb !'I•
t iona ! Headquarter• build ins tu C&1T)' o n owunti l the membenh ip or the Nu ional Conweati•
(la ,·e it.& d f!!Cisioo o pon the .ell of the Te.c:tioDUJ
te\'en. But no. we we~ 6 red oqt .of tbe ' bWld.i.at
b~- • mot ion paucd by thi1 group of ...., ad a
mot ion to give ua to Jul y bt to &nd other qu.ara.w
waalo.t.
wort
We c.o ll upon all Party IDfimhon 10
We .,.. lonbet-
charpd with tryW-8 lo c.pt.ure the Socialiat Puty.
To thiJ we ..,..wet thai we did do a'll we could
l~t~tely do to pl.ae the •dm.ini.tralion of o':"
Party 1.oto the b.aJ:tda of real comrade~ wbo are m
lull barmoay with revohitioaary Socialiam.
~
~ . . tiUa
ec..
pro11m by 1~ {oct 1/wu UU., ...-me ~Nlit: ....
plGCtd 1M rnlir~ property lA ~ lttuwU of • bo.4
o,l dirtcton -.:lt irh tan in Ao .,.,- k otntlrolW,
riJMr by '"' Portr m.embuJU.p or 1M Natit:wwJ
Lx«uliw- Commill«.
We loel a.. u...d that ao .....J- of the Party will
co nten d that ~~tven r;..ec..l ,en of the Party b.a-t. a
r igbt to
o'ter UUrty ~ &Dd ~
.u.o.J::d
:: rE:Cutiv':C:~":,.!...Do~
.. , . .
Other 'Brancbea Pleue Copy
•-u.,,
_... ...1 C..k.
·-•'-•••lr .,.•..,. ••
....., ................ call . . . . . t~tw
• , LM&I
IUa•· ...............
,_..t
-.....d.-
-~
Th ink of th i&, comrade!
we elect ...- . .
ci a b 10 lel"t'e u ... 1.0 build up the Party, fir clo . .
elect them to disrupt us t.nd aplit oar (ona?
We will gladl y ,; .. lunhc.- info.......,;.., obootld
you det tre 10 r;c: d oer UJH)D the poiata iD-n>l..t ia
th is coutrovert y. But tJ.c maiD qveaipa will ,.
ma in thi" : SNJI 't"W" Ju~r-.k pony o~ . .
~nnUt~ k1 w..spmtl ovtr &A.iny ~ ...
p.u.,
,._ •
oJ 4A.t _.
p<l ... lllowond - -.. -~
triDl or o' clt4N:e k1 pr~t~ IMV 1Wk
"" ..... u.. ,.,.., _..,,,.., _., .. /.Dr ...
~
'";:':....,.0 tbe N.u-1 E-o
Commithle .c:tecl ia • more tynaiCal . . than ""Y o6oiala e1 .;., porty ...... cla..IID ..,. op
to
DOW
I'~
c,..,ic
'
...., IJ.i.a _,-.
_.;,~ kl "' _...
R~ ~
R~'-"
......
vW ,.,...,. • P-'f •I ·
\ ··- ,
F.-...lly-
Jo,.pio II. SrU.O.., lor the Uthuaala
At Ita r•.-.l.r
Ja .. 11, IN ,._. A..
D . Br-..cla I, K.ia1•• ah- -U.t-6•1 t. ,.._. •.
J.o.
teat ~ ( · oun the anent ion it de.en·ea. We c.ll apa11
you to re buke th tt~e ~even t'\aliooal Eucutin
m ittC"f" memben
for their traitoroua ~
a ~ainst the Socialist movemenL We ha~ Ji~
o ur Lln ~t i nl ed financial ··u p~ rt to tbe Sodalill
P art y in a ll m11b ers, even though we tho~ dl.a
in man)' ins'--ncef! the fu.och "'t'Cf'C tqUAncta-ed •
m iNpp lied. We have not helped ..,. mueh .. "
could in purchui og the t'\atioaal Hea~
building hccaute we wanted fintl o make aure ..-..
the o t~'flenh ip rMted. Tha1. we were rip!. in .......
. t-low to support the headquarter~ fmM! U ...,_
propq.aad.a i.n the · tift:
Pany lor Loft Wing Socialism.
In f~
f!C''era l of \he autocratic ae\'m o peol y ataled thil
"' e were •uspended r.o that we would not ~able tD
control the coming t'\ational Con't'mt.iOD.
•
r..--;
Ak~nd.. Srolliirlry, lor the R_..., r..--;
FranJd, lor t!oe HIIDI!... w. Fodontioot: p.,uJ.
lAd-, lor the Ukraittean Fedoratioa ; Coo.
uicll, lor tho So. Slavit Fodoraticnt ! Oao Poria, f•
Lonirl> r;.l,nno..: J.,, ~
N·
uo
.so--.
u..
WI"F--OU...O, DL,
r....
J,;.. I, 1910.
.
(
I
•
�•
The New York Comm...U.t
2
61.. New York
COMMUNIST
o...., "' .tloo
w-
Loft
~
Soclaliot Party
Ow-' aDd Controlled .., Local
C..wN... York
, • ..,. !laD Ollicial
f..f.DMOJ'Illl
M.tcAI..P1x'E •
BwWJ.J MtJNJ!n
BEPfJ.UOM Grn.ow
Ediu>riiJ B.....I
N. L Rouo..,ca
M. Zuaa
B. D. 'WOLTI
J. Wll..llfCJ<
during the Lawrence lllrike; ud the San Fr..::ilc.o
Frame-up iJ still recenL
If the bomb!! were not a "'frame-up," tbe:o there
are two comment& c.o make. Fint, individual acta
of terroriJm ar~ contrary to the idea~ of ell revolutionary Sociali!t.s. The death of indi.-idual eapi·
~~~ud:be ~~~~,~b;~:~o~r;~e:;:; ~rk~
organi.z.ed aa 1a clau-coru;cioua maM, for the pur·
pose of inaugurat ing the Proletarian Dictatoriibip. The Bolilhevild in RLW~ia han alwaya op·
poaed, and &ince they eab"e into power, lllernly sup·
preued
t.ctica. And aecoodly, orsaniud
bomb.throwing is the inet·it.ble re-sult of tyranny,
and cannot be cured by more tyranny.
fimlll)'• allow us to eaJI aUnJtion to the front
page of.all capiula.t new•papera for the trapc day.
In the left hand column, a aenutional 1tory of
eight bomb e~:pltHiona. in " ·hich two or three
people lo&t their livea.. by " the• crim inal acta of
anllJ"('hiats." In the right ha.nd column, a.a K ·
count of an upl011oion of powder in a mine, eaueed
by the mining company'• diaobedienoe o~e lawei&hly-/oiJr wor/Un~n dead.
Watch the newtpapen. SoTMbody will get
puni~hd for the b?mb-esplosiona.
Nobody will
set puoittied for the mine di...aer ...
.ucJ,
Podoliobocl E...., WeoL
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
I Ymr ----········-··-····---'3-00
6 Mooths ················--· I 50
3 MoDlho ·················--- .75
Sin~k Cop~•.
5 CtnU
Bundle Orden of 10 oro..,., 3,!h C...U o Copy.
oU Weot Z9tb Si.-t • • - New York City
..
workers. The Haymarket homha of 1886 we-re auc:h
a pro~ocation ; WilliiLID Wnod, Prsident of the
American ._.oole:o Compaoy, "'planted" dynamite
Bomb.!
of impattent pat.riota.
SOME lime •gothea handful
··pacifilt" and ... pro-German"
outu~ 11
attilude of Senator Hard-·ick of Georgia-who.
ldth La Follrtte, was one of the .. .-illful twelve"
in CongTC!.! opp~d to lhe War--&nd al10 thai
of Frederic C. Ho.,.·e. ~·ho t~oTote "''Why War?" and
denounce-d tJ1e ddllar -pariotf---fent bombs to theae
'"'o tentlemen. Ont of the bombs exploded and
blew off the hand of Senator Hard"'·ic.k'• colored
maid . Other patriots uw an opportunity to tum
public tentiment a~ainst the "Red. ..-§iDee the
word "Bol~hl!'\' i&m" 'a«med to have lost much
its tenor: the\' therd ore '"C. n5tructed a .cries of
fake bombs ju..~t lik~ (ho~ in the papelll, ,addrested
them to 50me Ptwninent citiuns, and deposited
them i.n the . Post Oflice, where they were duly di ..
CO\'e"~ a11d did no harm.
This wu on the en~~ of' May Day, when the im·
patient ...,·orken were herinning to lltir for a number
of reuon.-Debs, Mooner. unemplo~'lDCDl, reduction of wagea, and other manifest pieT&nc:u. Tbe
ruling claM of this countr-y feared a general lllrike,
or at least mass-demonstratioru..
r-;ow a .ecoad .eries. of boru.bt are ditcovered..
moll of them planted to r.•plode before the ho\Uel
of the dC$ignated \'ictims. Thete are no \<lctims
e:uept one of the planten, a watchman, and eome
izmocmt pL•8eThy.
The country i1 _up in anna. 1ne capitalist P•·
pe:u are full of pro,•ocath·e 'tatementa concernins
''anan:hi'L''' and "Bo h.he,·i.lci," and the heavy ar·
tillery of CJ'pitalist publicity i! -=reaming for the
aup,pres.<~ion of the Labor movemenL
The man·
hunt it on, and an~· one who is particu larly .ctive aa
a -.·orldng-class champion is liable to be railroaded
for a long pri.an term.
Is thia, ~eeond teTiet of bomb. alto a ..fram&up?'' Certain t.cta point to thia nplaoation.
In th~ fust place there is the conu:cporary ditcovery. in the Grand Central Station, of alleged
"'credcnti<~ls' ' i~ued by Lrnin to one Harold Keyes,
appointing him Bolshe,·ik agent on a teerd mU,ion in the United Slate&. This i1 characteristic;
Jlar.- i<i ~ tcyc h~' 1--n notoriou•. during the War,
for havins hem expelled from all radical or!,ani·
s.atior:s here a.<~ a Government ap)· ; in one ca-.e we
kno"' or. he offered a!1 impriiOned Colilrade his
freedom 'if he would 11py upon a eert.lin p-our. of
re'\·olut ionista in Philadelphia. In the aa:ond p ace.
among other lftlsesr lights, one bomb was exploded
at the houte of Attorney General Mitehell Palmer,
who i5 on the eve of being investi~ated by Congre.
! or hi!l alle~d miau~~e of Government fund. while
Alien Property Custodian. And in the third place.
more important than all, there hu been a lltrons
and powins .entimmt in Conp-eu in favor of the
repeal <~f the Eepionase Ao.: t-wbich hu been of
auch !ftit value to the eavitalista of thia coUDtry,
durins the War, not to halt the actititiet of Ger·
ma:a apia he.re, but to cruah the Labor and Socialist moYeTOenL Various ..aedition" and ~n"
lawa are now up for conaideration iD Consn-a, but
until the p~ aeries of dynamit.e- nplo.iona,
there M~emed to be little chance of pUAiDg them.
The praent .. bomb outrage." are a GocMeod to tbe
rulifts cJ ... of the United St.at.eJ.
Much i• being ma.ie of ~e f-=t that a c:ataia
We~~em District Attorney prophecied the p1'fliMlllt
bomb uplosiont acnral montha qo. Hia name &.
not Biven in the papen, but we happen to kno·" it.
The prophrt wu Major A. J.A,WTe)' Humc5, director
of the pro~ocath·e p:-oc.eedinp ?f t~ famous Over·
D'WI Committee.
Why it hf'. Dol iD1'elticaa.r.d hy
Chief t"lyna? Per hop• be knowo _,.., oboat
bombo lhoo he hoo told , , ,
or
u-o
wo~k~b: :bo.=or~U:.":hd.: t:•a:~:;.!
of 1M Amertca.n rulint clu. i.D ita war upon the
"Tbe CaU" Theorize.
As c~a;::~::i~~:.;:r}!~~w·r.i:~Ccilltb~=:
th:: conclu&ion that the paper mu5t take a 11A.nd on
the Party cri,is and al.o de"Vote its.elf in aome meuure to the considf!ration of Socia lift theory and tac·
tic~. Since this deci&ion Tlu CaU hu made .everal
anempla lo criticiae the Left \\'ing. but ao far it
hu carefully kept away from the "dangerous" aubject. of Sociali'm.
The 6n1 aHempt wu a signed article by ~m
rade Onesl in which he attempu to justify th~ .co
tions of the r\ational Esecutive Committee. Beyond the facl thD:t he char~ u. with keepins oar
impritoned comradn behind the bar~ . Oneal •rJda
nothing to the .. apologia" spread broadca1t by the
N. E. C. It is therefore unnece:Nary to deal ...,·ith
it here, beyond to remark that most of our political
pri10nen are in jail for atandins brrhind the SL
Louis plllfonn. whieh hu beeo oobotaged by the
Party olicialdom evrr tinct: its adoption.
The latest indictment of the. Lrh Wing i1 8h-eD
much editorial prominence. It occupiu the lint
column of T~ Calr1 editori~l page. and U appar·
ently con•ickrrd to he .-cry imponant by the editor·
ial ataff. It i• headed .. N.Lch Wing' lmponation"
and is a complete expose of how we came lo uae
the tnm ••conl!rluni.t". It appear• that the Left
Wing import.,{ it from Russia where it aprans into
being Owing to the life of the Ru11ian villagn.
After de~otinp: half the column to. the various
varties and religions that have made their appear·
ance in American li£e, The Call comt::5 to the Left
Wing. and indict<~ us for foreign importation. ""The
aame hazy mental Jtatu! i5 displayed in importins
th~ phraw 'Commu.nitt Socialilm' from Ru11ia.
Thrre are two reasons why the word 'Communist'
has ben recently employed by the So\·iet Party.
Just u in 1847 SocialiiU had to distinguiih them·
acl~es (rom the various utopian groups that caljed
thmuelve5 'Sociali!ts.' ao the RuMian Bolshe'ik.i
hne re-1erted back to the word 'Communism'
di!!tingl.:Uh themacl.-re from the IOCial·patriotie
parties of f.urope. The ~ond reuon i• that the
\'illaK"C commune~~ of Ru55ia alwa)-. han been more:
or lest commun"-tic:, and will be more 10 with tbe
aocialiution of land and villa~ aervices. But
how~er much Communiam may be fotterea in the
village life of Russia, it is certain that the R.. ltheisu, by uting the term, do not intend to communise
all wealth. and in panicular the wealth of the in·
dUitrial Cftlten."
Apparentl y Tlt.e Cal' it uuawa.re tbl! Karl Man
invariablelv r.efef'l'ed not to ''Socialista" but ""Com·
munisb." · Douhclea he impo:1ed it from Ruaaia
whilf' he wu l!till under RUMian influence and Jub~~equently becoming de-Ruasianiled, accepted the
term '"Socialism". We haft alway• been under
the impre.ion th.t in the Socialiat moYemenl the
ta"'Da "Sociali1111•• ed .. Communiam" were uaed
inten:han@Ubly.
With the 6nt .....,. g;.., by TM Call we ore iD
entire apeernenl, ncept for the fact th•t it ia not
the rnolutionary Socialista of. RUMia aloDet- who
are now utiDB the term to diltinsui•h themaeh·•
from the react.ioftari•. who are diapaci.os the
oame of Soci.aliam. The Sput.acana of Germany
DUne CommUDiet Labor Partr. • doea the
,.., ~..., 'utionary aec:tion of tbe Dutch Sociali.at mo~
-.,,, but doubt!- they oloo uoe ·the term heuuoo
ol tM primitive metbt.ds \J£ production uaed iD
thoae euwstrl-. We uac tbe'tum for ex.actly lDe
aame reuon u oaf contiueutal comradea are ~
it. To dittinpiah u. from thoee who ba"e dragee~
to
we"'"
!::i:t:=~~~~~mu':;t,.•too~ra:-;:o_:
ill Euiope,
the Boloc...,ju N<Opioed wbe th.y
iporod the o.licial Sot l.olill Porty U: tbolr call fw
a Coamwn&at t.:oucr--
ln ita .ecoD<f rraaon for the uac of the nL.a~
"Communill" by the Bolohevw, TM CoO !"" U.to
d~ water and ts rorttd to reacue itaelf h)' denJio«
in the aa:ond aentmoe ..d!.at it a&m. in the 6.rat.
After referring to RuMian villase li£c., TM C.U
1uddenly rememt..en thAd there are one or two iD·
doltrial centen iD Ru.aia: "But., however much
Communi•m ma y be fottered iD thr- villase life of
Ruuia. it is certain that the &l.she"\-i.JU , by uaiDs
the term. do .not inlcurt to communit.e aJ I wealth,
and in particular the wealth of the induatriaJ Ct"D ·
ter!l." In "ther words the RUMian.s uae the term
... Communism" bec.aw.e it 1uita the r aJ life of the
couutrv and al10 beca.uac it dou not auil the life of .
the industrial ccaLen!
It "·ould be. intet"e!lting to kuow where Tk Coll
set• it definition of CommunitL blot in '"The Com·
muni" Manifesto" •urel y? or cour.e we are DOt
infallible, but in the cop)' we read we CllMOt find
anything about the necessity of usins the ..a.nc
_looth ·brush as our ned door' nei~thhor . It would
he al10 inter~ting to know where TM Call geta
!~ tf=::iK.;{ ii.::.lisUod!e ~=-~~~= ~~8~l
infomur: U8 "'The wealth produced would go to thoae
who participate: in iu productioa and •i•oiJld b.t the
prival~ po1uuion of I~ produarJ , .. Commun·
ism pennits of no printe wealth whatever. E~err ·
thiDs U oW'Ded in commoo."
We had hitherto been of the impree.tion that un ·
der Soci•lism all things whicb were tOCiallv n«:eau.ry· "·ould be o""ned and controlled MJCia.ll y. Lui
we nn·n thought it . .,-,u intended that all the hut·
ton -hole& made by a particular yn uns woman
should become the private propert y of that young
woman, and that &he would be forced to fO out
· and llade thf'm .-ith a baker in order to ~ the
morning roliL Socialisn1, according to TM Call
pr~ript iun , will be rather incon,·enient , but Communi •m • ·ill be a thou!land timt'!l "'orte. I( Com·
muni'm U an,.r.hiog like "'hat Th~ Coli imaFin~.
then " 'e can .hare its in diptation again!it the
Leh \\'ing. " Eve,.,·thin& U owned in common."
Surely r~ CGU doe. DOl mean ~,.,.,AiA& ?
Tbe Regular Party Cbannela
the Tllli.ng capitaJita clua in a moden:J JK>
W HEN
litic:al democratic nation finda iUe)f threatened
with defeat al the hands of the working claM malt.
in~ U8e of ib economic power, it ~erearru : "'Don't
atri.ke! Vote ! Li~ the reoular politicaJ machinery, which pe:nnita the right!ng of any wroug!"
l\'hen the Socialist Party ollicialdom find. ill
bqemony threatened by the ccnoerted and or,&D·
Ued power of the ra.n.k and file, it ac:re.aJD8: '1he
Party conlllitution and by-lawa provide oppo.rtun·
itieo to remedy ony wr•"'!'! Uoe the ,.,W.. Party
cb.ume.la!"
VeT}· well. Local Bo.ton iNuea a call for a National Emer~y Con.-ention. Tbe call U throWD
out on a tccbnic.alily. Other Locals join in the
call, and it cannot be further denied. Nation~'.~
Secreta.~ Germer printely urp that the Party
" leaden" d.ixouc_,e thia eon•e:olion. Nnerthe1- the deuwJd ~fOWL
Then: iJ a Partv refere.Jdum
for n.tioul
and iDlenlalional Olicen. Tbe candidatel DOmin·
ated and .upported by the Left Wins are ltSl to
hne an enormou. majority. ln the meanwhile
Local after Local joins the Left Wing, and SLite
after St&te lalla in line. The Party olicialdom.
throop. the uoe of the · -.Ju Party ebanDell", ;..
apparently soin, to loee ita joba. ADd the Na.
tiona) Eme:r~ Convention il nideatJy soin8 to
he eopturod by tlte Left WU.g.
Who! eu be done, throurh the "rqulu Party
eluuu>el•"? The Party o5eialdom ~"' by expeiiU.s Lefr wu.r Bronebeo. 'J'ba) :. ..,..,.. tho
votN; and thoae Branch• whoae •otea . fJ"e OTM'·
wbelminslr "clioloyol" are oa:~ of hnq foW6ed their •otes, or forpl their boll~ tbio
8CCGNtioa il @'iYeD out to tbe eapitalill IX!Wipll·
•ote
pen.
n....
oil the fon: iBD !ODS""!" Federotiot~~ except the two Risbt Wills FederotioD>-tbe Fumiob
ond the Jewiolt-.Dd doubtful o........doe
c..m...
d:'! ~.~America.
-=...:~~~·:r ~ t~:r:
the -Socialiat
P,ny of
ue t.'·::-vli'TI oat of
mo.......,L The Germ... Federoti011, boriJ>« • •
eel the Left Wq Man;r..,., io the nos1 ollllod to ~·;
ud tho haliu Foclerotioo, wb;.b clioploya:JLef
Wq ta>cloneieo"; io "oloo thr.tmod.
Mic.bipn State or8miutioa ia npelled.
Bullolo, Roe~. Qu...,. ud KiDp follow,"
Loeolo Cleoelud ud Cook CoDDIJ' (Cbicopl) ore
OD the tubogoa; ud oiJ Olhor LoeoJo 1111d 8r ........
.,.. boids "..wpaiaod" ill ouch • way .. to 1oo...
tbeir'membrcln. U1: a1c oataidt.
Jn thU way the YOtea of the majority or the Soeialill Party .,.. ...tlowecL Ia tbio wilY tbo Em.s.... y 1'\o"-1. Coa..Uoo io modo "Solo for Sociol
Domoerocy."
Ia tl&io
,..W..· Party e.lwmelo" . . .
modo u.....-a. I• .U ~ . - p t to 10ppurt
tho Soeialiot ~ wbo hue beoroyod 1111d wneJuol
tho Socialiol Pony.
IDOal or
••J -..
�r
Tbe New York Commamiat
I
A Reply to a Non-Partisan League Fanner
ByJayl..o•-
l
Do M'l' A.oUJ tlwu lA1 .-rvolurion mwJ cotnt>
by uioknce?
•
To .uu"·C'r thi11 qur:s.io n by ..yes" or •·no"
would M &AIDine. It may. A~ain, it may not.
Tiu: left V. mg. all Uu: prote!t of the Hi~tht Wtug
~ the contrary not"·iUutandinf:, repudiat~ Socialurn b)' UUMID&tion. The left \\' :ng hopea t!La.l.
the proler.araat "ill conqurr ib enenno, the capitalil>l claM', wi1h u lillie blood, hed ._,. Po~!'ible.. [.,:.
erpt for the capi:.l~ -imperiaJi,.t IIUit!Smen, we
k.now o f none who de l.f!:hl t o bathe in blood -of
other~. Ju Sociali~b. ln. UA take our guidance
from history for a ('0rT«1 &h!'"iC: t to thi5 qu~ti on.
A CMdd peruul of the j)f:tiod.s of re,·olutr , "'· ill
~:I thL1t~~~d~ionn1 ~eth~5m:~:~da~~ ~~~~
prnof to &how that it i.'l lhf. counter -revo lution that
alwa~··
cau'«:! Llood!!ohed. !!!..:..vdlihffl on l)' fol io"'!'
when the dep~ r~rne attempL• to o\·etthro w
the rt:\·olutio n. Fo r U !§ 10 Amtrica. r~ceful Anglo.
Suon £n~dand. the d aM•tc.a l e XBmJ•Ie of re,·olu·
tiom; t•dthout },Jood:oohed o r \'i<llence, furni ~ho. par ·
tic ularl y r;UOnj!!: e\·idenc(' &ub5tant i atin~ v ....t cunlC!I·
tioo. In Cromwell's d..:: \ ·1 no one der.ired ci,•il war
except
Hoyalisb•. The King fted to Otftnnize
an a rmy to m;1rch a ga int.l London. By thi ~ action
ch·il " "M "' ~ lorad u pon U1e re ,·ol utionar)· p art )·.
Hemember th.11 o nh· Charlo.' treacl1rn and in·
trtvu~ forrrd Croni we ll to ca rry out ·his threat
• fo!;t ln&t the 1\. ine:- "\\r ._·ill cut off his head, ,.·jth
the c ro..-n upon it" .
The moH t ttnll proof nf tl1 i~ hi!ltor iclll truth i...'l
furni !<l1ed by Hu.v1a and Hun J! <tr~·· In Ru"-HU
bJftl•d•lll'd ac.c-omi'Afl i<•d the fle\"O)ution l:lft:ilU!ioe of
the- trc-nrha, a nJ int r l~t" of thr depn!"ol'd re~ime of
lhr b•JUTj:eo itJie ttnd la ndholders. A bl oodv trail
f o lio"" s ..._vkharL. ·,. thru•U. TI1e Hed T err~r wc11
an an"""t'T to the counter·revolution encouragt:d h)'
( lemcucTa u. \\ ilu.. n and Gr-orJ!e, " the tiiTf'le ,_rrd t
rt'JHe:.entAtiH~> of the thrtt pcatest democ:rac ie-.
of the ._·orld",
.
'
T o dale tl1rre ha! been "en little ,;olenee in •
H unJ!a q ·. Bul !!hould the ~ou~ter-rc,·olution rear
iL'I Uf!h hroarl. the ltu nf!ar ian proletariat l'l"ili n o
doubt sho "'· ~ it~ \'tdt~r 11nd pro• ·t:!IS. Yr!<! On!~·
h i!'ll•n · can
·er this f1Ut:!Jiun nffirmali,·el~· or '
neJ!al i,·el y. And in )mnir a. a1- el~""·here. it iw the
bou r~oit.ie • ·bo will play &he leading role in: i.hil
h i:-lor ical art. l'pon the-m alo ne "·ill fall the refpon .. il1i l it~· for ,·iolencc sho uld it accomp•nr a
pro let.uian rt:\·oluti~n in. Amu
. ica,
·u,..
1m..
II. Dn &t"t' Mid JhaJ the Rn1oluti.on mwl co~
by th, GtnutJ S tri.kt>?
1\rithq can th i~ quo-lion be an!!wr red corrr:ctl~·
L,· a n immediate "n~" o r "'no" . The General
Sirike is no d nuht 11 j>o ..·erful weapon in the hand!
of the pro ld.ariaL The General S trike is l'l"ltbout
question dreaded Ly the c apita lil'l daH. !'\otiC't::
ho "· the murckrou,. bour,zroi!'·Soc ialist " democracy"
of Gt:ml'\nv tnmbl ~ .it the General Strike. Rocall
the t hill ~nt throu~h the. LackA of the American
bour,eoisie by the Seattlr ~trike. W itne\s the COD·
ltem:atiol) in thr c01mp of Canada'• bourgeoUie u a
reou h of the Winnipef' a ffair. The Left Winj!:
.!::e!:::'t .. ~. that the I'"C"\'o lution rrwsl come by the
flt'neral 111rike. But the- Left \\'infi, dMs aay that
there i~ eno uJ!h historica l rroof tCJ' t.how tl1at the
Genera l Stril..e is a very nluable weapon in the
:r
"f\..s!' ':Oaua.dN :- 1 b.l~ ju.t &ai.bed rud.1q Tu
April 1A. i.a it• mtiMy.
I • m •n hc~n , ' Pf>""al of • Paftl of aaa, bu1 I'm
af r&Jd I t.m not u • c-u tnformcd vo 1bc tUb Ject " I ou,.h.t
to k , •11d I am wnunc yuu for li.,ht. I am 1 f&nDcr aad
i.a t ht '"'"' yun
I juin~ the Soc.iala.w Pan}, I
co.. MUJII IST crl
••Bel!
~""" ~n , rec,oJ:nW"o.J u 1hr mo.t tuua.ful loc.al otJa.D·
t&.ct the Pan ,- L•d tn 1bie 1111e prior 10 the ckbaclc ca. .
ed b, Lbt- Non·l'a.n r..c l..ea6vt 1nd I lf't'1n to be conardertd
t trll ~ much of ltl e.~cmy c.! toeit-ty lbiU m.aoy fol.U b~
ah-tut .. 1hm« lhc co unrry "'ould bt ..da if I werT dqonod
-.lthou11h lily ~d fon bean ume to Ma-.eb\aattta
abou1 l bJO
Lad of opponunity for dOM: ~o wit.h old time
Soc.ra..lull w.1uf dcpn~dt-ot a..lnt011t rn1irely upon propajlud.
P lPl'U lor o1u inform11ion " ' Soc.ialiat acuritift, we- who
••.n 1hr tnn h 10 much h ...c ben! forud to our OW1I i.oter·
JlrT! IIJIIII~ uf ~nu and -.omt1i1DCI we 6..Dd it ft:rJ d.illea.h
to anaJyu tlicm u tida.ctorily.
fur uulu ce- Oo yoo huld that tbc ~utimt _,, cotM
by '" rol,.,.,cr ? Or br 1 ft:nCTal~trilr.c ? If.., .-try DOlDiaate
u ,t,C"n 11 Ill or n.tn pnlili ra? I hut- p~od on
th,. t hn~t"J t hat whee 51 P'f"' ('.ent of the df'lt11tfal e.boWd
t ul e thf' S P. trd.et., wc c-ou ld unutule u loduaarial rt.«illle
and I a m cr:rur n that t.b..t i du " uppnmOil in t.bc mt11d..
" ' u ... rr-d· h,.ndC"d.. n~ Socia hall •bo or~ntu.d the NnnJI.n ,,..n l~f!UC" 111d 1~ yean a,o n~lr tbt- m.a.e.hinc ry
of tl'" Hrp ubliun flan y in lh.i. ttatc a nd ba•c 10 m&r·
aha.Hrd thr aupvon uf the wu,.,.,. in th. au.u that w e
rinuall)· b.l•·r a 1111e So•'-Ct~f fii1Dr.T"L
I un ~e~rul .. c onoc-ttT. of your uwninjr th.at the Ctra.
at.tutwna.l a mtntlmf'f!U a d opted hl::n Jut fall by plcbiC"itc
a nd thr lc-~ti a 1 111'"C" &tU now aboui to be rr/arrJ are nDr
rnoluruuwry . JJut il a.uch • your C:ODtmtion pluae eJ ·
plarn
I hut rc.fn..incod-u b.l•e m.anr other Rode out btt"f'-fwm r nd f,f~lniE thr t..e,.~ uc Ufllll thia lell . Uut
cannot
hrJp f~llfl , thll Ol.lt (ri.•ertwr and m.&il1" othtT IIIII' oft.
~11 11 arr e1t.ndm11 up r•vJ,\r to tht J~>b of urryin~ ou1 the
r ndutln~ . PII•P••n tni UJil rlltd Ly our r~nl le~tiAi aturc.
1 11d d ftllot"r'\'r t tr,. e.:.mf'lt euppon of all radrc.aU. The- S onl'•n•••n i.A"tj!ur IH<.~f!T i m d~ oot cncompa" u m uch u
I thoultJ lrLe. Lut at:ail • t r cluar 1
cry for food be·
c•u..c- it c:.annut eat mu1?
l1 .,.,.ms ro mr t hai tLia i1 fundamrn1al. Somt- of our
~~~~~ off•rra h htd tno•·rd traitort.. l•ut they 1ft onlr m..&lr.,
tnJ:_ the fumrn fmot r in the-it df1trmination to 6~:-ht tbc
r
L.aJ,,.·,
csplou,.,...
·
I du not "want to l.lc fu und con~r'¥11in if the timt come.
lot " t rllon." b u1 il llftLtfl mr that r-~iLI'" 1"0U who hart
t:~Lrn •" .,., ...e • ran tn "thr •tnrcclc for 1ti~1 ~. bavt lt"'t1l
mut h a Lu-.c tluit yu u fJ tl II• llf<~•P llrc ut,.. or d 11ub1 the
yw-ilulil:t o( • pacriul rn<ob110n btoiJI.hl ahou1 at tbt
to
ball~>t · l/'01.
II thc rontrvl ••f thr .-\. r . o f L lhould 1hif1 from C..om.
mm of rout dlt'-iD(l. would )"Oil •tUI inei11 on •
pe-t? II•
'"~(o("tlllll ·: l liiTJ fir • ould )•• U jlr.nt that 1 · Labor·
parry
mtl!hl ;tc-t m nr t '"ota- ? lo u lhtr "orda, would yo u admin·
q~o ioine in a leuPQOo or a capaul ?
SrnnTCir your.. 0 . J. Tooo.
i.trr
hlr cha:atter of the clllSII .ar~ggle and will become
a peat channel for propa~anda. To the Left Wing
the battle for leF"i,.lati,·e a.eat. "·ill M a mun~ of
· arhu~.in(! Te\'o lluio nary m&~ol' (clqe) action ·on
all fiel ds. Parliament to us it a forum for agiaa ..
lion. h i11 a mean~ of obttruelin~ capiaa l ~m and
not a mean ~ of i ntrodut'ill ~ Communism.. Partici'·
pation in election c..unpaisns Eh'er. w a chanoe tO
Put our cue
ore thr "'·orlcin@: dau and promote
cia~ confiC iou!'O<'S! witho ut \'iolencc..
Uut partic ipation in political eampaign11 is not
the only fo nn of political • ction. To the Left
Wm~ an)' action on the part of the proldariat
\ll"hich a im10 to undermine and overthro -.. L!;f' po litical po-·er of the Capitali5t clas... is political a.rt;dn.
Thu!i a l'lrike of mint'rs and railwa)· worken to
l'l'in freedom for the Cla.v War P•i50r.~ :-s. i11 ~ po li·
tical act in dite of the fact that lJIOII!.Al"ldll of\ " for·
ei,men" an non·\'oten may participate in 11uch
political act ion. By participating in political cam·
ftc[
~8a0n~ ;:e~~~r~~~i~ecl~~~~r:;o~!d uc:de~?;e5 ~: ir~!Fe~-~;hac:,~i~;.0::~:~!~yi.v w~::Ci~d~!~:a~~
bourF"toi!lie. then we ll and flOod. the Left Wing i1
for iL It i! the purp0$1t of the Left "\lrinp: to make·
the pr o letariat of AmeTico clue comcJOU!I enough
lo l""e'§OM to the @'CMral mike w~e:never the eiruation c.alie for iL
Ill. If 1o tt:hy no'"inou ctUt.tlid4U, Ol all a.nd
mur polilics?
\\ 'hnher the 6nt h'o qoetrtiom are tO be ·an·
ewered by ..ye~~" or ''no" onl r the future can tell.
but ._.u.~n:r h'-'tory'e answer will be. the Left
Win(l' doe. believe in nom.inatin~ candidate! and
eott:Ting politics. To the Left Win~ the w-u~lc
fo1 5eat.- in bourgcoia parliaments i• a gua[fC, ~uring wo1 ~ clue maturity. The parliamentary
.mrthod may not be a perfect method. fa.nd we ott·
tainly uy t.ba1 i1 i.e not perfect ) of teeting pro k.ta.r·
l&n hopet and ""rCadineu.. We are aware of the
Dumm'ow ban l d up by the bour8fl0iaie. Yet it
doea ahow to what fenor the clua 1truggle hu
heeD wo rked up. and to wha1 temperature claaa
weapon. hne been beat.ed. U'hile CommunWn
-.·ill reject pulia..JlleUtary govemmc:nt, it will not
dc.trov all of ill elemcnu.. Communi.am will make
an unPreverted w.e of the only gooa c.h.aractua.tic
of Parliameuri.am., the re:praentative demeuf
The Left \\ mg gladly welcomee the opportuu ity
of "partjcipallnA in ela:tion ca.mpa ~m for the
i~tr purpow: of winnin@. legulative teo.~ll..
lo tb..i. tenae... tov, • ·e ur~ the uae of political actioa u a rt:I'VulutioDary wew.poo". A r.l Soci.a~
a Loft Wins ~ will -ploaaile the implaca-
(
d;ffermcca botwoen Socialiam ADd Capital;.. -
ao defmite that the inde6.nite and unat.ecady Wft'e cl
campai gn vietoriee ~a.nnot cleteraU~~e them. U 6ltyone Jler cent could vote c.apitalillin ont of a:ial.eDee
in 1920, why e&nDot 6fty-one per CeoL YOte capital•."
ilm back into existence in 1924? Why cu"t dW
procea& go on od in~m t:1 ed u.u.~a~a1 TraJy
common .en~e Jell. fOT help!
·
In Finland the Scci.alim woo a m.ajm~ ol ...
eeau in the Diet. And to~y the
of ._
Finniah prolet.ariat an drilling izi t....bo.-'a HaUa.
After more Ll,an 6fty -one per cmt: o£ the fUu. hid
voted Socialism into a.istenoe a.nd Capiuliaa. 011
of e.J. i !lten~. the helli!h White Guard of the F"mm.la
Bour~~ie began to menaoe Petro!ad ed to lliWe
a.....m,
it:!.~~ at the hear. of the Prolcurian Repablio o1
Why i11 thi11 .a? lo the answer t.o this ~
lie- the ,;tal d1ff~ betwceo moderate ""Social·
i5m" and f"e\·o lutionary Sodali.am Or CommUDilm.
We mull look into the rdationabip of the ataae 10
the cl ... &truggle. Here let ue ap.io e. II oa hna.ory
for a.n emwer. Thto 11ory of the PaN {"..omaiJme il
mO!t enlightenin~. h &howe clt:¥1r that the proletariat cann,t •impl)· take hold of the ready . . . !!late machinay taod make we of it for ita owa
endr.. Scientific in\'esti@"ation cleuly tbow1 thai tbe
·$141~ is not at all a power £oiated on ~ {...,..
the ouuide. h ill not 1111 orsan t.a&.ins root a
Heaven. ,And jt duutot be ul«i by nery ooe ad
any one an~'Where at &n)1i.me and tor auy ad aU
pUfJIUSC!I. The 5'-tJk ~ foot in the JmA&trial •
t·o nditions and i• a prodt)Ct of aociety at ll oert.aiD
lila@:e of e,·o lution. ..The St.at.e is a real orpniu.
lion of defenK to ,uua.nter ~d pe.rpctua~ a moc1r:
of a5!1ociation, the- !oundation o£ which ia a form of
eConomic production... Jn c.apiJ.aliN aocidy the
Sla:c ~ an orgi!-niution Co r perpetuaJ.ing tbe•capi·
tah't mode of production. 1be SUJU ia capitAlill
~«i et~·. Tlw Capil4li.JI SIOU terYet the bour~iaie
as a mnchine for oppreviug the· proletariat. 1).is
hdd~true ln 'republic as well, u ia • mooarchy.""'
..n ,e Modern Sllit.e is only the orga.niulioo, boar~t-oi!l •ociet)" Cornu in o rde.r to aupport the Clla"·
nal C'onditions of 'the capitaliat mode of prod.>
tlbn against the mcroachfDC'D"li· u well of tbe
"·orkru . as of the indi,·idual capit.lia." With the
de,·elo pment of modem i..udunry elaea ~
hecume intm 11ified and widened. ""1be State power
i11 more and more lurned into ·an orpn of Capital'•
ma11tery o\·er Labor. 0£. a public force organilecl
for Social erulavement, of a.o ~ of cl... ...
poti1m."
W itneu the E....piona~ Acta, t.be Orden· in C:O....
cil, the- Criminal Anti·SyndicaliJt Lawe. d.e War
Labor Board., the State Couach, the - of troopo
a.s ~triJ.: e.breaken, the citiuns and wit.ch.lnmlizl&
im'Cfit i~ at i ng commiues to protect tbe "pablic".
The ca pitalist atalt: doe. not emd with.ia the foe ,
wall> of the ParHameat bwlcfiqg. The .,.,.,.,tbo
DB\')', the police., the ~. the IUDdry jllltioe di.
prn.'leTS, the priAona, the adminiltratin ud b...
c ia! L ur~uc racy, and the'eou.ntlc:M ~-of J'I'CI""
p11Fand.a and mi.Jiinformation are part ud ,.,..
of the capitalilt Stale. In Mort thia State ia the
tota l power of the owrii.ng (capitalill ) claM. The
declaration of confitc.ation of bo,u:rpoie propcny
i• merel y a judicial act. Every e.iDsle boa.rpail
wiII have to be espropdat.ed ia aetuality-illd.irid.
ua ll~·- A majority of the delepl.el to ~
without the pONeNion of the lut D:ll:lltioaed .,....
ci~ will not give the workins clua the poli&ical
power or control ,.·hich it mu.tt haft in Ol'd. ..
grad ually introduce Com.munian. R~ dtat
the bourgeoisie do oul contro l ~ meaaa of baf.
fl ing aod thwartins the will of the m..a.t!ll ~
they have • majority i.a. the lesMlati.e cbambw.
On the contrary the C..pitaliaa c1. . b.u a majority
of the vbtes becaruae it hu COGtrol ol ..._. ·
meana of euppraaiq the Will of the IDUI&
A otudy of the Slalo'o IUolorical c~ooo~.,
ehon lhat the 10eiety in which thin il ,a S....,.
bopeh.,ly d;rided •salnot iloelf, baa .........W It·
.elf in irrecooailabk ooatradictioa. wbicfi
il
powerleu to bODW.. iD oider that .. - -.di&>
lions, the.e cl...ee with~~-.....
- . . may Dot a.orUhilate u-..el.- mel ~ 8
parliamentary ofice5 can be used to political advanl·
a ~ fo r the pro lr1.a.riat by employin, them u a
means of 'pr.,testinf.! •fl•in!t "the ah!r,olutiam - ·h.ich
hide! behind ti-le parliamentaq· fo"nr.~...
In &hort the Left ~,:in fl. n'ot ltei r:~ g An~o-Syudi·
calist, will gladly UJie the election campaipts to in·
crea~ the latilurie of ito~ revol utionary propa,anda.
II' . We 1atwe al&t"r.'fJ bdirotd thaJ fifty-oM /Wr unJ
con vc\i~ Soc&tllism inlo ui..sknu. J. tMI Ml , 0 ?
Thi 8 iJi not 10 . F int of all, it i• mO!t imrrobable
that a due eon«ioae pr o letarian political party ·
can ~ ~ a majority of the ballol.ol callt. Remem·
ber that"' Jon« aa capitalillm luta the worken will
not own their jobs. We have a notion that there i1
10me connection between the feu of loUog a job
and a -.ote. Of c::oune the powerful preu, ner
.ervin~ the muter clua, al10 hu 10methins to aay
aa to how the ballota are to be caac.. 1ne educauoel- ltniJ!8Ie, • powa" .....,.,_
tional m..titutiom mould the worken' mind. to 00 11....U apparently abo.. aoCioly ....! baa tbo
atna~ll e:xteot. And tbil bu a marked in8ueDOe of keep; n~· doWD the ooolliolo .....1 ~ .,..
upon the voter. Tbc church aud eundry other or· der. And th;. powor, the ooitpowth of oOciity, ...
san.~ of puLiic opinion complete the bourseola tuk . .um.ing aupnmacy o.,. it ud becc..iat ..,.
of miele.~d.ins the prolet.ariat. furthermo~ poll a.nd more d ivorced from ilt b the Sta.le...
t.uea, educational, and ruidenti.ll qu.a.li6c.a..iooe.
The s .... clmded ito -"en by Jesal technique. theit. corruption, and aDaJra.o· .,..ted 1 puhiO: power of coon:ioD that io d ' chitoement alway• come to the.t JUCIMI ol the bour· tr;..lly orpooed to • ool!oOrs..u.d ADd .....
geoisir.. Such are 1M i.muperahle bania-. confrOid· population. TbC State ia a product o.f clua ~'
·..,.rw;th the :t;.;..i .., of ...,;..,. iDloj c l - II io
ing clau conacioua proletarian poli!kal partMs.
But for the aa.k.e of ar gUment, ld "' pant the impouible to hove o ••lf..,ra...u..d 1t1DJ ol the
almoa:l impoaaiblo-that the fifty-ooe per or.nt vote peoplo. """"" • •J>Kial po- ol .,...,.... ..
can be leCUJ"ed.. h" Dn~~ dtw:ided.ly doea Dot follow COD* a Det'lfJIIIIoity ia ft«'1 Sial&
.
L'w Socialism io
hroUjJht iDlo - - Tho
(~--'J
a
a
- r .....
.,._,r
...s
it!!!"
.
l
�The New York COIDIDUili:t
4.
Why Political Democracy Must Go
By JohD Reed
VII.
in forma ar1icle~~ traced the failure
HAVI~C
of U1e &mall property holdtTt~, Labor and the
Sociali!'t& to
~twin
control
or the
Go'·emment
in Amrrica. it i ~> no.,..· nec~ry to indicate ho\11· the
few peat capitalil'ts are ahle, in the most _a d·
nnccd politiral demncnry of the "·orld, to Wtlb·
atand the prnsure of oil othrr clv~. either alone
or combined- in other ~o<~' uuiJ. ju~ how political
democracy (aila to ayure a go\·emment by the DU·
l ;ority.
\llu~n Karl Marx .aid that the modern capital·
itt ' l'lale M'M " nothint. t~JJ tMn a mochW Jor the
opprnsiDn o/ on~ drus by on.otlv!r, ond that nnl
leu JO in o dem ocratic rt•public than under o mon·
orr"hy," he made a profound ob!'len·a~i~n, the m~r.e
remarkablt since at that time the ongm of po!Jtl·
cal derTJOCtatic al ate!' ¥~'8& &till aurrounded with a
romantic halo of librrurian phrue.-,..·hich etill
in.<~J•ired the Forty-[ightera.
Fonunatf!:ly, thanh to the work of &-ard, Me·
MaHer, and others, the ori,ins of the Amr!'ican Republic are today IIVailable to all; and they demon·
lHrate 'o~dth utter clearn~s that the Gov~rnmenl of
1~ [ :niud S tatn •t·aJ d~Jign,d by i.tJ foundetJ to
protf!('l t~u~ ri(·h a~llltUt 1M poor, propttly agairut
W r.,ceui.Ji,j of li/r ond liberty, on.d UK monopol·
Ulit minor&.t)· o~oinJI 14 mtJjorilr.
Pri!!·H,.\·olutionary ~ocirl j· in :\merica wa~ di·
vided into three \'t'f"Y l'ha rpl~·-defmed clas&ee : the
upper ci a~~ co n!!i!'tin~ of the cler~., profes~ionnl
men. mrr<'hilnts. landed prQprietou and the gTeat
11ilnve-hoidiJ•g: p l antt-r~ in the South; the middle
cia!!! , of f.hop keto pen and f armen: nnd thr com·
parth·d~ unimporumt lo"'tt cla~s. o ( ala\'e!, poor
"·hit~ in tl•e South, mechanics, indentured aen·ant5
and apprenticc._..- all of ,..·hich had no votes. Ex·
cept anu111F the midJit" and loy,·er cl 3~l'oe6. there " ' 8!
n() di!<ontrnt "''ith Uu: politict~l institutions of the
Briti!!h Empire; oo the other hand. there ""'a~ a
healthy conttmpl for Democracy, often expreti&ed,
amon~ the well ·lo~o and educated.
t ;ntil the ac1.J;. o f t11e llritish crl)\'ernm~nt ~gan
aeri o u ~ l~· tn hampc:r tro.df!- in other word!l, prop·
erh- the upper cla ..!-1 in tht- American colonie!' wu
not in an\· ~ns.e rt'\ ulutionan ; in fact. many of the
fr amerf. Or the Con!oiitution · h,.d b«-n ag-1irut the
Jte,·o lut ion. In 1nv !o(:n~oe. the Re,·o lution. for the
Colonial upper do~. wu fl\'ored only imofar u
it promiM!d to prOIK't their tnaterial interests. Like
all Hevolutiom, howr,·er, it "'·as prC"Cipitated and
t-:.pr~st"d h,· ideali~t~ . and carried throu((h b)· thr
mu.!'~in thi!l <'l!'ioe . the middle cla.or.~t--"' ho lOW
in it the oppor1unity to t"!>t3bli!>h a (tm·ernment io
their oy,·n intere-oh.
Th~ interest~ were ex·
prel'l!loed in the formula. "Life. Lihn't y and the Pur·
Auit of Happine-5s"- ,..·hich did not refer to Alnes
and indentured I'OCT"'AnU at 11l, but to th~ \'Ut rna·
jority of traden. and iarmen.
This was tht element ,..·hich wrote the Declarp.·
tion of Jndef)endenee, in the heal of the He\·olution·
ary &trug~le, when , 8 !1 in all Remlutions, the m.ua
wu dictatinf the •logan~ of the mo\·ement.
The eleven )'Urtl of the confederation which fol·
lowed, ho,..,e,·er, proved that human society wu
definitel y embarL:ed on the capitalitt en, which
""IL" i;u:ompatible with th~ "natuul ri~ l!'"-that
individualistic li~r1~· ~o fond ly emLncN by the
lima II prurerty owne r&, at beet auiting their free de·
velopment in 1 land of unequalled opportunity.
11ll' middle cia"! whose ~· ict"!! in the Revolutionar:v tMUf!@le had made them the dominant
ell•"' in ~ociet\', • ·tte jealnus of their freedom an'\
ir:drpnld,.nce. · A lre.ady the df'\'elopment of capit.al·
ism had ~n to concentrate wealth in the hand!
of a few. Great corporation! had already tied up
immen~ trarts of l11nd. and the bank in@ intereet.'! in
the towm had a monopoly of capit1l: theroe condi·
tionP. had m•de the lldty bour~iP.ie a d~btor daat.
The middle clal't. therefon: wu in favor, 111 at li ter
perio~h. of cheap cunency. and or ~he . viol•bility
of contr.ctl'. A ,ma ll !fOup.,or .:..:pllah-u b1d ~
cured control of the depreciatbJ Consnuiooal aod
Sta.te obli,rations iuued to paj for the Revolu·
tion, and the midJie claa.s • ·lahcd ·to wipe out this
debL h<ld ju5l as the ptat capitaliau were io
f•vor of • 5tron~tiY centn!iaed sovernmet'l\, which
· would guanntec their tpeculltive inve.t.meota and
monga~. and protect thiA propeny with fede.{al
troop• and po l ~ 10 the middle cl... fe.Ncd a
ccntulu.ed government, wt o.e action• it mis\lt oot
be 1hle to control u it cont.rolled the •parale lla.le
lcgitl•tura.
Anempll 1t o littarc.hy or dkt.atonhip in eACh
.e-pautc il1.te m..i~ht be op:•'111Cd, ii all other mouu
failed, by a popul ar upriti'Dg. In fact. the ele•eo
yea.re or the Confederation .. w many auch i.uurTet·
tiooa. It i• i~erntinK to oote 'here that !Au. .a.
,urredioru &:"'':tl' diucl~d a&auul 1M:OP~· who
had &ol control of 1M 'tak &011~~nll. by &k
mlddU da.u d,btotl. The cu)zr..;oatin:; in•urrec·
tio.;;,;-:it~~:i:•~ ~e~~::o;~ri~ by Mr. Cunis, io
hi~ Conjlilutionol His1orr oj 1M Unil~d Sl1Jle1:
"'A lo:\elling. lieentioua 6pirit," tays this old reactionary, "a r e&lles& de1ire for change, and a di11·
p o!ilion t-;, tl1rOYt' do,..·n hllrriert. of pti\'ale rif!hb.
at Jen1f1h broLe forth in conventions, ""·hich f1r~
voted them~h·l':l!- to be the people and theo declared their proceeding~ to ~ constitutionaL At
th~ a~~mblit'!l the doctrine "'' as publicly broftdu:d
tAol propnly OUfhl lo be common, becaute all had
aided in toa\·ing it from confi!ICIIion by the power
of Entt:land. Taxes were voted to be unnece55ary
burdem the courts of ju!-tice to be intolerable
(fiieVances. and the legal pro(&o.sinn a n~nce. A
re,·hion of the &tate comtitution WI!' derru111ded, iD
order to aboli!<h t11e Senate. reform the rt'pre!oenta·
lion or the people, and make a ll ch·il oflicera eligi·
ble by the people.. ."
It WitS th~ rt'YoiU ,..·h ich f Urni•hed the immediate incentive to the adoption of the Constitution.
The "'·ork of prrparinl! the country for the capitaliat coup d'elal had been carried on carefuli)· and
tactfu ll )· for ~vera) yean hy A lrxander Hamilton
nnd Jam~ Madi ~ n-afterwarJ President ..,f the
United State». In calling the Con!'litutional. Con·
' 'ention o£ 1';'87, (or in ~lltnce. the leaden did not
dare to sugge"t their real object! ; the aim of the
Com·ention. it
stBted. y,·as merel y " to re,;!lt:
tht Articles of Con rr:deration." It "·as also carefull~· n rra n ~ed thot the delelate5 lihould not be
elected b)· the pebple, or en~:n by directly repr~·
tRt i\·e bodiec.. u had bet:n done in the cue of t11e
Confrr~~ ""·hich i!.~ued the Oeclaratic-r> of lnrlependence: instend, they "·ert- cithi'T chosen by the
legi ~ laturH. or. more ol!en. appointed by the GpY.
ernon of the atates. And it !hould be remembered
that · proper!)' qualific... tion for tht franchise existod
in all the stalei, 110 that in no ca~ ""·u t11e Jo,..·er.
or working class, repreFoented in the Con\'ention.
And "'·hen the Con,·enlion fi nally met, it did itt
""·ork in r.c"Cret. behind clo!led doon, like the Puce
Conference in Paris ; and like the 1-ner. in order to
p rrnnt the public from .lno"·ing "·hat ""·as going
on. it e\·rn forced its memh:en to promi!.e not to
talk to am·one oul61de. So that when the Conl titu·
tion "'' A!, 'finally compleird. it wu i!!ued to the
""·orld in 11uch a form that its r eal meaning, and the
for~ whirh produced it, • ·ere absolutely unknown
lo the colonifU.
The majority of the signen of the Declaration of
Independence "''ere Revolutionary leaders, men
reJ•reM"n!inJ: thr smnll p roperty holder,.; while the
majority of the frarnen of the Con~it uli on " ·ere
the banker,., ~tpecul at or~ in the land nnd money,
and the merc h ant~. \1any delegate! to the Consti·
tuent Com·ention • ·ho had fti~ed the Declaratibn
o f tndrpendt'!lrto reru!f!'d to •i~ the Constitution,
denoundn~ it as a ''conspincy" : among theR wu
Benjamin Franllin.
J am~ Madison, afteT"''.·ard . Pre&ident of the
l'niterl Stale!', "·ho was ch ieA)· r e!poruib le for the
Comtilution-""·hich he dor.cribed as ha,;ng "the
form Rnd epirit of popular government " ·Idle pr~
vent in~ ,majorit~· rule"~xp~ in 1785 the
theory of economic interpret1tion io politica. He
WTOte :
"1'ht mo.t common and dunble tourte of hctiom
(pa,qea, d aM"'I · hu Moen thr •:t.rinua and unequ•l dW..
tril•util\n of r'" IW'"Y· Tho.e •ho hold and t~ who 1n
withoul rropeny hu'C' C'YU fo~d d ittinC1 interau in ao-
•·as
tllat 10me check therefore wu to he sought for
.a¥ainrt thit tendency of our gnvr.rnmenL .. "'
Alexander Hamilton, io urging a life·term for Smatnn, u id th11 - all communilirj dit~itl~ thf!mu l~
inlo tht! J""'· anJ 1~ tnOFI~·· The fir~l IW" thr ricb
1n1l well ·bom, and the other the mi:Wt of the people
•+10 eeldom juJgt~ or IK:1 ri,mL" Gom-emeur
Morris, of New York, wanted to ch~k the precipi·
tanc-y, c-ha.n,eab l cn~ and exc~" of the npraeo·
tati\'e5 of the people, by the ability and virtue of
",rreat and ~tablis!ted proJletly·ari!llocracy; meo
" ·ho fr om prid,. "'·ill aupport coMitlei"Cy and per·
mantnc~· .. . Such an aristotratic Lody "'· ill kecJ.
d o,..·n the turbu lance of democraq-." Gouverneur
M orri~ ftho• ·crl th,. r.apitali11 ,·iewpoim of the Cooventil)n, "'·hen he boldl)' alated, "'Life and lil.aty
"'' ere f:!t:nera. lly 11tateri to be of more va lue than
proP:_t"rty. An accurate view of the matter would.
ne\·ehheleM. prove that proputy wa.t tM main object of mciny . . . . If property, then. u•G.J l~
n&ein ohjr:cl of GOtlernm~nl. certainlY. it OUfthl to be
ont! mea!ure o r the influence due to tho.e · ·ho were
lo be .dTect.ed Ly the go,·emmenL.. ·And finally,
Mr. Madiaon :~gain:
"Ao increa5e of populttion will of neoeu!ly in·
cteAJ.C the proportion of thoFoe ""·'ho "'·ill lahar UD·
der a ll the hard ship~ or life and r«ret l~· l"igh fur a
more eq ua l d1i<tribution of itJo bl~"i n g!ii . 111~ may
in time llulnumbcr those "·ho are p lam:d abo,·e the
feelin g!' of indi~t"nce. (The poor may outnumber
the rich.) A<'cordin~ to the e-qual la""·e of auff rage.
tht- po"·er " 'ill ~; ) ide into the hands of the former.
f\ o agrarian attempb have yet been m..ode in thil
country, but ,.ymplorru of a levelling .!1pirit . .., we
ha,·t" understoood, ha,·e ,.ufficientl)· appeared, in a
certain quarter 1Shaya' Rebdlion), to give notice
of • futurr- danger."
Madi.~n furth er advi,.ed the lon,·ention that in
fram ing a &y,.tem • ·hich they wi!hed to lut for
age&, r~ mwl nlll /(u~ 'itht of tM changeJ u•hicla
1~ agel v·oul.d prodw:e in I~ fOrtn.J ond dUcribu·
tiou of proputy.
TI)e Convention did noL It fi nl ll )' framed a
Comtitut ion. wh ich. ""·hile appearing l'> pr~rve
popular ~o ,·emment. in realit~· &ecureO the r4zh~
and propert~· of the minority Of:!ailllt "'the 1uperior
force of an intereoted and overbearing majority."
Liberals and "p3rliamentar(' Socialim in thi.
country are a\,..·ays pleading for the ''minority
rights"' ,.uaranteed by the Constitutioo. But the
"minorit)·" whirh the Con.<rtitution guarantee! ia
not the one they atre to~~ I king about ; )t i6 the penna·
ne.nt capit.aliJt minorit)', and it ~ gaarantecd
1gahu t the will of the majority.
'fhi~ is aa:ompli~hed throu([h the f()-.Uiled ..check
and balance .n stem", b\' y,·hich the President i_, in·
directh· elec1ed. the meinbers o£ the HoW!.e of Rep ·
resent8tiH:s are el~ted in one Way, the Senate in
another, .ad finally, the motl p o•·erful body of
al l. the Supreme Court, is no o:..ected at all , but ap·
pointed. TheM" nriou.s bod,,. ch~k each other'•
action, ao that no fopular m•jority can control the
proces!leti of legi" ation, execpt after 1 long and
!:~~d: b~~:·r.~~a!t ~~~c~~~~:is~~~i!~:
terb.Lo, ab1,.olctelv O"''D and control the go•emmenL
lt i1 fuc inet.in@: to ltudy the hi1tory of theilc
times--to dir.cover, (or in&tAJY'Ie, that most of the
t eip1ers or the Const itution derived im.qledi•te per·
&onal wealth from itA proclamatioo: that there WL'I
a co=::'\p :rac~· among the upper clus of the colooiea,
io cue Lhr Convention f1iled, to organiz.e an insur·
j~jY·un!~:-\ ·~~:~ •di!!:~:~:~o~~d ~~~a~~d -r:,!::~ rection to o'I'1:Tthrow "'democucy" by force of anm;
manular turinJ intern:, a merun1ile inlcrnl. 1 monrytd that out o£ the eixty-odd delegates eJ«.ted. only
inll.rTII, lf'OW up of ne-c-r..ity in e:i'I;)Urd nation~~ and dj.
thirty-nine r;iple.J the document, many withdrew
,·ide them info diflnml rla.-ca.. anuatt-d by di1Jermt leD· from the Cunvention aho@'dho.. and an immen.ae
t im~n la and Yif"W .. The rTculuion of lhNl' nrioua and in·
1trlrrin« tntn't!!'la forma the principal ta.ali of modtm lee· anser ahoOk the middle clue when it di.,cove:r-ed.
illation. •od in'I'UI'fea the •Pint ot party and f•nion ic the too late, what the Constitution meant; that the
n«aurT and ordin.ry orentiont of the I01'ent«Dl"nt.''
middle ciU" h11d to threaten to refuse ratification
h will be ~~een bv thi .. that before the end of the before the flrst ten a.mendmenL,. which constitute
eitthteenth century ihe American c.pit.alisl claae b1d the Bill of R;ghl>, were odded to the document; I!Dd
ditcovercd. 1nd •pplied for ;u own ad,·ant.ase, what thtt the d ifferent 1111e legi~laturea were penuadcd
Karl Man d i.:overed more than tiny yean later. to ratify the Constitution throu~ the IDOit ah~
Litten once more to M1dison, epeakin~ before the! lea~ COrTllptiOD by the capitaliat ~
Coostitotion•l ConYC'Otion, advocating that the YOte goin@: to the ment of bribery.
be gi'ven to the propertied dueea aloae :
The fint act of the nnr Coft!l"nnlleDl .uhlr.hed
"Jn future times a gre.t m•jor.ty of the people by the Constitution, u wu to be upec:ted. wu the
will not only be without landod, bw ony OIA.rr .sort ..fundin3" of the public debt-that ia to a.ay, an
of pro~rly. Thme will either combioe under \be anan~t to pay the badly depreciated U te an.d
inAuence of their common ailuation: iD wbk:h ~ Congreu.ional oblis•tion• at their f.::e nlue. Thia
debt omouoted 1• more thon t76,000,000. The
holden of the depru:ioted boado oad ...._.....
probable, they will become the toolt o( opuleoce o( which they had pw-ch.u.cd for a 1008-W!II'tl sJtrm
aad ur::.hition. . • "
in uchansc bond• of the oew GovC~DJDS~t of the
EJbridp;e Ga-ry declared thAt •il the evil• cxprri. United Sw.oo, wb;.h then proce..t..l to I"}' tueo
erce by the Coofede.-atiun Rowed ..from the ~ upon the m iddle and wor~ daue~ to pay the iD·
o r deruoc:ncy." Edmund Randolph Mid. •"that the ters and priocipal. Thw a.l the very be~
geaeral object .... to provide a cure for the rnt. o( our GoYa'U!DC.Il~ the liule clique of bankers aDd
under wbic.b the United Statfll labored ; ~ iD apeculaa.un who framtd the Conaitution wtre
tncing thme evil• to their origin. evwy mu. bad Ji- o .... fortuae, the por-t of whid> ...IDoed
fOUDd it;, tho turbuloox. ODd follioo of domocroc7;
_6)
~ i!r~::Jr~!tl:!ir~t ~~~~:b!~m~
(c-._.. ...
.(
�\
I
Tho Now York Communiat
Left Wing Notes
T
H E Left
Win~rga.ni.J:aLion b~ decided to aup·
fo~·mg
von Lhe
n ommce and uU all rln'olul ionary Soc iali~u to do likewise :
For lucwiv~ Stcret_Ory of Locol NeMJ York :
AfaximUwm Coh.rn..
The l\"ew York Cowwt.:NlST depends upon
l'oluntecr '-'Otkeu for iu. di1tributioD through·
o ut the city.
E..nch ""·cr.k'11 i~ue i• rudy for di11tribution
on Thundey ehernoon.
Co:ne to the headquarteu, 4..'l West 29th
Stroet, Thun-da~· . tmd get your bundle.
!'\ow is the time to ~;et tl1e truth ac:ro'6.
!o.thke the Left Wing campaign among the
rBnL: and 61e a hup:e liUCCN.S by pulling a
Co~ w ust sT e.1ch t<~'eek. in the hands of e'·ery
pan.r member.
Our mono i.i:-10,000 CoWK\J!(lST!i in
·Greater N!:w York!
Notice to AIL Brand~a of Locah New York,.
Ki"lg&, Queen ... Richmond, A.tori.a and Brons.
AI a mN:lliiS o f th'= City Co mmittee htld on the
5th d.n of Ma,·, it "·a.~ decided to call a City Con·
ve11tioO, and t..hot the La...<•l! of reJ•ret~enlation tihaU
be :
.. One dt'legate for every SO membu& in
@'Ood stunding o r rMjor frad ion thereof;
that branc:het~ ahu-11 elect delegate~~ direct·
ly."
You an therefore reque!<ted to ~~end out a call to
the br anche, irutructing th~ to ~lect delegatee .to
the com·ent ion on U1e hat.ltl decaded by the Crty
Commi:tce.
Tiu: •Com·mtiou will be hel..i on June 14th a.lld
15th. ot (.Jueens Count)' LaLor Lyceum, CypT'CII!.I
~rllbee.,a~~:rro:.o&~d,
L. 1.
The order of
~; meeliD.J of Ci1y Commi_ttee
bu~m~
Creflent ials to thr Soc1nlil't P ar1\' C il\ Con'"entio n
6hould be in the h:m th: nf the drle~aie& by S.otur·
day morning al the ~atest .•
t<~·ho 11till hR\"e suL~ription l i~ltt
..h,)uld ~nd them in immedwteh·. We need the
mont)· ~
~t.uJWJUA.S Cou£N.
All Ldt Win~ Or~aniz.ation!l and Branche! are
n otif1t'd 11ot to arranp:e
affair'" fo r S unJay. Au·
gust 2·1. 19 19. the ~ale o! tlu: ~h \\ ing Picnic .
an\·
T!le unreorp:a ni.zed 2 3rd A. D. Branch l. 1\.in,z:f.
meeu. t'\'t!f\' !'11 o r~ dn night at 170? Pitkin 8\'enue;
urEaniter. 'Fei!!"1man~ An~d e'~ery mcetin~.
TI1e flrst foe..'.!lion or' the pl•hlic ~~opeaking clnn "·ill
.~ held at the headqunrtcr.s of the 1i th A. D.• 1538
M nd i!'On A'"enue. n~xt Monda~·. June 16. under
the direction of Henry ln~els. There ha! hcen
a h ea'"y re~i5tration. Our mono i" o hundred
Harlem 11peakers be1fo~e t~e en~ of the 1umrner.
CITI" COmiiTTEE MINUTES •
June 6. 1919
C omr1de Citlow eleeted chairma.a.
·
Cr"dentlab h om Branch 2. 18lh A. D. IC..i.Dp.
i.ll pJ.c"" af Coldbera.
g~~::::: ¥,':: ~)Ru=~~
F.l,.I'UI: 1-to.ovrn., Rrc. Src'r
Thi!! fe.olution "- 1..'1 adoptrd atlh-.; monthI)· mod·
ing: of l...cca l l nion County. Juue 6,- 19 1'.!:
\\'hcre.a~ . thr trend of " "fltld e\'enh anll the ex·
1-"=fit'm:e o f th~ Re, olution in actiOn ha,·e dcp;on·
1.trateJ the nf'Ce- &il) for 111 clear cut de fini tion of
tht' Sociuli.st 110!-tt.ion ; and
"\\'herrdl-. the f!r0\"1h of OJJpOrtunism und Lour·
@.t'Ui~ parhamentouii m within t11e 5ocialist PM)"
h.l.!l made a re·J"ot&lement of tl1e nvulutionnry Social· '
ist po:.ition imperati,·e ; and
\' hereas. the tendeucv of the o ffic ialdum within'
th e Pnn y ha~ J,ec;, in cOntuditiun "'·itl1 the re,·olu·
t iunan · t<ntiment!l (.If the ra n\.. and Cdc withi l the
P&rt~ ·ft.., manife!'ted in the SL Louis' program oo
the: "'""r : he it therefore
n~oh·t'd. that the S oci•liat Party delegatee
o f Locnl L'nion County of the S tate of New Jeraey
aAsemblet.l in their monthly meeting. in 7(1} Eli.u.
beth •wenut-. Eli.ulheth, l\. J.. June 6. 1919, here·
" ·ith indo ue the Manifbto and Program Qf the Lch
Wing.
Con ..o lidation o f Locals int o o Greater Cit~· Local.
Tak in ~ action o n Party C " ·nership of Preu.
T akm;; action o n the l.rft Wing.
Ta\.. ins up the qu~tio n of roorga.,iz.atioo . of
br.~t nr he; o f Loca l 1'\t!'o\' York.
.
~nd the names o f the dele~at ~ elected nnd the
brliotehe!> they represent to the &eerrta.f)' at the
Quec, ~ Wbo r L yceum, Mptle and Cypret.a Avenues, R~dge,..-ood, L .I.
All Comrades
ealled fen Wed~y
..
Meetina ad•ounted..
T o 1'\ationel Ex«uli,·e Committee of the Social·
i!t ·J'Srtr or the l. S. At tl·~ re~lar morJtl•lr
f(let!lin, of Lou! L nio n Count)' of J\"t'~· Jer~· .
held June 6. 19PJ, at Sociali.H hudquarten., 709
F.lizabrth an:nut', a communicat ion 'o\'U read, re·
~i,·ed from Stute S«rr1nt\" o f:'\ . J.. Fred Har"'·ood.
~latin~ that the &e\'en fore·i~ l ..1ngun~e Federations
""r-re 11u•pemJed from Lhr- Party witboul a trial.
l'nitJn Coun1~· p riJie.-.1!! the 1ctiou taleo b~· Lhe l"a·
lional Excc~Committee.
l'nion Count)' d'ec-ided 36 againM
to count the
lo-CM:a lled "5ucJICllded" comnd~ as n:femben o£ the
Sociali5t Part)'. .
Thi!> communication il' tetlt to the National Ei:·
ec:ut in Committee end Socialil'l pres5. ." ltu.• l'ork
'4
.
Cdll. J'\[w YoRK CowwUH"'T, and
Lipa.
SiloropK,
~
porarilr in pine of SamilnfJ.
.
Credf'ntia], from 7th Ruwiac Dru.ch. Daadwkh.
ht A. D. Minnril)' Croup, flietur. '
Local lUnJ! ~ C(ounty, Petf'n. and Wt!in.~oue.
S1•ani•b llran1.h. Sa.non and M...,.,.,'
M•nutet ul PrT''iou• meetlf\# rud atKt adopt~
Moti<>n carried 10 but roll c:all aod re-pon of ddcp~e~
afft~u'~JI~':t" at nery meetin&.
2nd Jtuuian Branch requNt that open air mertin~ be
helol on Uuw.ian Qu~1ion. 201h l 'krainean branch nrtunou Cit~· Commillf"'' thll f<•mtt~injl be do!'e to &&itate
(or ••r,aniz.ation 1•f wmkrra alon, 1nrhmrtal lmn
3-S-10 A. D. inttrvr lato f'"IMln that branch •tnt on rftlOfd
th11 nn paid olf1C1•I be elitublt on an~· commillf'C.
&h A. lJ. thll co)lirt of thr minutea of tbe City Comminee
l ... •-r 10 e""a'T loranch. To imtruct dekaatH t o lhe
L,.n v. inll f\iatull\al Conlen:nl!f' to ukr up qum.ion or·
1'ni1y Confen:ace.
14th A. D. K.inp •uta p~iObl ~e - fer ~
and are.U.en.
,
4th Ru Niu Bnnch ape~..lu:r for Ta..d.ay ...aiq: 1.0 be
hfold u pn~te-1 .,ainll upWafoo.
17 A. D. JTqut!ITr apuken fm opn:a air meetJ.nc, Reaaa- a~~d Oftr 6ft
been npeUn!. Abo dud
wn-r brouaht at~a i.DM ShlplacoB '"'" YVCiq ta
t ..or rA npv.Uion of lan«U"'f p-oupa.
'
CO•NU!'IICAT101'15
frocn fnina ai,.;nllf YOCr of elf't'er aute~ for Datiotla!
rdneud1llfltl : Lf'ft Wina eanchdAtftl ft!fti•td bif;bm YVIL
From UthlliAi.an Branch. l:loMon.. that It baa joi.oed lbe
Lrit
~
From f.llhonian Druc.b UlDJOGKial pic.nie Jue Bib
and rnqu~ina apeo~ker tr- "'fltweDt Co••wi'UT.
Esecati•e Com.minee minute~ of May 28th ftllld ud
Kitd upon.
·
OD h.jlion oi apeak~ •lwnl t1Mft il a ~
As•·
.•
Rn~olulionary
baU&ad. Cal .. Juoe '-h. i419
N.u.i.miiW. CobeD.
Nt"W Yor\:
Comrade: Rd11h·e 10 \our. of the 28ih.
·
Ou ~ Jonl ha1 tental i~rl~ elrc:ted ddt'Jatm to the Lth
Nalion.J Confe~rnce. The drl r~alt eiKted ia al.o 1 ID~·
beT uf the Ccal•lon u a S11u Encutive c...mminer and ia ·
in cl•- tnucb wnh thr mrml.tt'rahip.
·
·
Acr urdm• tn tl•f' clil•l" "' you encla-e we undentand
, flat our ddeJalr i• turd I Z.HlCI and thai the balance of
hi' npen..n will ~ pa1d by the Confen;oce pool fu11d.
h thi• c-onect ?
Tl•e Slatr-widr mailll ermfnetsc•r M the C..Jiromia Party
held M" 3{', 31 and J une I , ••ur'l,: hnYil)· to the Ld't.
Pr""umf' wou h"r rrpuna. Al.o of thr atladl:. on the
~lltf" O!tt-t of thr p.any flerr by Co•emor Strplleo•' ~
lin,._ ~t ate S«:ret.,.)" :ond rouDt)' or,rantur arn-~ltd w1th·
out • ·UTanta. t~ c. II :30 A. M.• r1c., rtc. ) Triala r ome up
Junf' (o and 12 on Stel•hrn,. ~rrintioal • r ndicaLam" law.
AdviW immf"dialelr if tht a}o~o•r undentandtnJ i• correct and il it will bnld Jood for another !nul that baa
written • in thia m.aner.
Y~urn ia thr uwe.
&.1c
s. s.~~r,...
t:J~.od~~:..~rd:a~y b~:c~a&e
L.ou.J
K,;np that loc.al hu
chatllfl!ll
"'i.n..
:;.u:r mo!i:! :1~*ru!r ~:~a 7ord:;cr: ~
~0~~~
:t:::,::: r~ ':U~..!i ~
d ollan by fl!e.lll"' iadi• iduAl doutioea (rom o ... dolt&r up.
for 1be m.Wneunoe of ora.W.Liuo. p<lbu.hiq pampbJ.u
~~u~
dd~==~o~.U:."1:.eada
.
bftlldl "'COftlf a,__.,
Notioa carried th&l EstcaU"
eom.un... ....,...
~<:!.!'::!'Y= ~
NOTICE
Owin@: to •tniM of work, Maximilian Cohen
rni~ U b.aineu maoapr of N. Y. CoM·
•II hi• t ime to the duties
o f E.s.e.:utive Sfcman• o f the L W.
Benjamio.Gihow ~-.. ht!en elected buaiMM
•:.'l'(I5T, to ~·ote
~oo~:at!.~.u
Co~
pertaiDiniJ to feE
obould be add.noood to
BENJAMIN GITI.OW,
~3 W. 29th SL,
N.Y. C.
~U oomaumicatioDI pertailjin! to the or·
aaniaation ahould be ...dd.....d ••
MAXIMILIAN COHEN,
43 W. 29th St.,
N.Y. C.
t.
•
·r
To the Editor etf TID c.o.nn:n...,,
Drm Sir :
Thr follnwinc ,...,,ution
Mopt.d •
of lhe 22M ud 23rd A. D.:
aDOLtmO
M
die
a.. - - .
PIIO"ftft.
1 be membetYt of lhe 22nd and 2Jrd A. D. I_,. wkll _..
pri~ lwm thrir or,;uiu:r- Comrade Wr.i.b&r tAu U e&..
t i•··• fnr lklej:.ate. to tho: hhcmatioa.al Conll'flll ud Y-.
::;~ ;:~,dht~ ~·r'il~c~sh!r:;:M~~~aho~d _ :
nt K•n of thia ~lr.o.:tion wu not receitoed llDtl! t..bne da711 .....
fore the e"pirat um of the election period. lbu pre"'t11liac
the cmmadea of lhl& branch from ~ Uacir ....._ •
tht<'<t i.mponuit m.auen.
•
Th" Branch at iu n:culu ~ beid May Zlal. 191.9,
..
rt,:t~;~· f~:~in ~~~;n;~~~b::a:=:: :!: .~.:
t
Eucut h·e Cumminee ol l...oca1 N"' York dec:lar. \»: - "
tirr f'lf"('tluri in•.Jid, and .et a elate for a DN"'dtlc:tioD.,-.
uhanf'Uu•ly ln'ttut tinl Comrade Ce:rbn- to- bal.,.. all
br111Ch nrJanu.en looc eaou.ah ill ad.._. to .aWe
actu.Uy to bold Lbt dec:tiol.
Ju•nrrTn D. Pt..utl.
~
u.-
M..y 29. 1919.
Fllwo<Uis--..
I
..Jltil
;:~'~e;"~~~~ ~~..~~~TI~u::ni:"t:at:UU~ u-::
n, l'vlit-h and South Sluic fednatioaa. ud apdW
1hr M•r hiJan Stilt or,.aniution. ud'
\\l1rrua. 1hr ~u•1~nJion aud eapuleioD of 1M
di8fnndti~ &bout .S0,000 'Party _ _ . _
frum ,.. n icipatu.n in Panr ai!.U., aDd .
\\ huu~ thiJ action 1a u~llir Ia OW' Party ...-...
ahip h)' rf'fuainll to allflw tbe01 to be bee.nl Wen 'IM
upuiJ~on ur au•Pf'n•ion., b.r: h tbrn:ICJI"t
ll'7'0hrd b1 t hr S...Ci•li•t Pan r of McKftllpon iD ..-.1
mr1nhrnhip mminJ. th» 6nt day of June. 1919, \hal . .
c-onolrmn tlu• ar-twn laktn by the Natiou.l ["':ecatift: c-.
millt't' and we demand that the Natiooai ' Ueeadft C..
mtllee in1mtdiatf'l~ re·iol..l.al~ the .uapmdtd ud cspdW
orJ!aniutiuua. and 'we funhtt deaaud
1 hal thr P.&11y membtnh..lp. aad tbr: P.ny ....-...
• hi11 ~111). drcidf' tbr auller of the .w~ &ad • ·
pul1iun of thnc ort:aniut lona, aad b:t h lld'ther '
Hc-.ul•ed thai we amd the-e reaolaliON to ~ N•d-J
Esrc:u1 in Cmnmillt'«" and to tbr Party PT.a willa tiM r.
qur 'l thu all l..ocal1 aod bra.nc:hf'S ill 1M Soeiali• ParJy
~ondtmn lltia 11"\lun of thr ~atiot:W ~eeUtr..e C,,.un.and denaand th.al the •uape:ntkd ud c:spd.llllll
l.e rr-inataled Uu\edia!rly.
nr,:.aiHUI JOJI~
a-..
.........-u-
)
�•
The Nonir York Convmmlot
.UW btoldia& af •
Coo'1't11ti~
dd~J•\5.
ba1 oo llw '*lhvd of eJectiD&
6. \\'t. of U.t Ci1r Commillf'l!', fe.rJ tha1 we b.lt"e in no
,..,. • iola!r-d 1ht- S••tr Un1Utut•oo ar the Hulet of the
Ut' C:•mrwllre. On the t C)nrran, •r ff'd tlut the St1U1:
E.sKuii•C" V•m.miu"" M unla•·lull1 uc:n:i••na ~~ powen i.D
UJI·h ·!:..tn,; thr rulr of • em.all m1noruy •ho, at the p~l
~ m •pile of thr rRon• of •the mt)onry. an unl•wfu,Jr
Pl.*la l••runa: abc:.at wn1rul of abr• P•nr zuac/Uae.a in Local..
~.,r~~~ .~d'\: ~~ .:~~~~~~~~ }/~,h~o:~~c~;~~Ji~.~e
p!:;rl!
lllld d iloi:IJ•hne, ntmt!~· ; !bt opptonuml)' uf tht rank and
b.le to Lnm•lr a nd drttruvM lor 111df l'artT Pohcie- and
T t rl•ct.. and ' " 1 ~•1 t lltnt, 1hr I C'C'u.,.liuru rou make
IJt•ntt thf' l..ch \\ lilt of da~pllnp; and t pl.ittin, tbe Soctal"t Pany il hurlrd hlC& al you aud J OU will he beld
ft'lpoaublr to 1br Yany
Mr~"bip.
Fraluu.a.lly.uba:a.iued,
for Cut Comnunee.,
ED•J'AD L Ll:u.ctr•,
MAt lllct L. P.un.,
AaOIT PAt";.T.
A GcneTOI Party Memhenhip ,_ing, o! Loc.l
Queona will be held this Monday, June 16th, 8.15
P. M. •harp. The order of b~i.neu for the meet·
ing will be as foll ow~:
·
l. General diloCuuion on the preeenl
criais in d1e Socialist Party.
And the polictes and tactica lead·
intr up to the 5&111e.
2. Action of l'\ational and St.at.r Execu·
tive ComnUnees updling entire St.ate
or~an ization, Langullge r ederation.s and
Local•.
.3. Revocation of the Otuttt of l..ocal
Quf'CJ\1.
AdmitiJJnct- to' the m~tin,.: " ·ill be by member~hip
ca.rd on h . Members are• requestod to be on time
u the qu~tiona are \'er)' pr~inf.!.
MA t.:RIC[
. .
L.
On the qutMtion
aboiUhing the. ""reform
cialiam., the conque.t of d-e Party for the Commun·
Pt Jntem.aliooal.
The oflic::ial Yote on lntemat.iooal deleptea frora
e.l~ven 11Latee--Georgia, Virgill~ TCDDOCe, Florida,
' ·e.nt ion "'·hen thto Left Wing Manifetto and Pro- fU1ode. bland, Mai.ne, Kentucky. An.am.u, Min,.
p.:=.m, M·hK:.h embodied their principle. on the aot.a, Michigan and Mua.achuaena, p.-. the foJ.
quef;tion at iMuc:, wu defected.
lowing reeulta:
Totttther .,.·ith the teVc:nleen delegates wl10 had ,
John Reed, 7,679; Lout. C. Fr•ina. 7,017; A.
~ Jcprivc:d of ~~eall h)· the: Kif!:h l Wing Crc:de.n- 1
V.' apnocht, S,o\23; C. Ruthenbe<s. 4,52.3; I. E.
ti11l,. Committe: the. hoking dele{:'alee formed a
ferf!:u ~n . 2.538. ThtwJC, tb'i candidate~ l'tlOe~
con\·tnliou in a laall belo"''· This convention waa the bighe.at \ute, IU'e all Left Wi.ng candidatea. 11le
immtod iattl~· joined by twelve more delegates from
of the H.i@:ht Wing ~veci theae "Yot.ca:
Lch \\'ing lou la, "'·ho reported that u they were mudr:rato
\' irtur Berger, 1,1 39; Adoluh Gn-m.er, 908; Sey·
under imtruction~ from their loc..tle not to bolt
mour Stedman, 789; James Oneal, 778; A. I. Shipthey were unable to take part in the. new eonvc.n· lacol!, 663; Al!'"'on V., 505; John M. Work, 457.
tion. but that the~· rd u.5ed lo participate in the
In theee e.leven &tales, K•tc Rtchard.s O'Hare
C'on,·e.ntion dominated by the Ri@:hl.J ~nd were rt-luming hon~. The)' further reporteJ tb.at they hu overwhelmingly bearen Manis Hillquit for In·
""ere in cOmplete J)'lllpathy "'' ith the L:Ct and would te.mational Secrcury. Incomplete reporta from
request their loca l11o to join the Left Wing fodeu- other lltalt::" indicate. that the l..dt \\'in,! hu eoct•rtd
a auh! ta.ntial majority in all· alate organization&.
tion then being formed.
It ia Slated that the number of delegates appear· Thia U. the election that the moderatea on the N. £..
ing at the conn~ntion did not conatitute the full C. art: lrying to ateal.
Io the Oiauict 1 e.lectioc. for National Execu.-renp-t.h of the Left V.:inf!:. a11 m8Ily Jcx.:ale were
forced (o vote by proxy. owintt to bemg\unable. to, ah•e Commiuec, returns from Ma.ine. Rhode J.land
mec1 the trnel infi! expen~. Locah tucl'h,u ~c-.at· and Maf.uchuecltf. give the.e resulu: LoW. C.
tie. which are Leh WinF. '"-'eTC forced h> accept the. Fraina.. 3,130; Nicholu I. Hourwic.h, 2,544; E.
p r oxy ~ven them b~· the Soc:retal')·. Most. of the: Li~dgren, 1,4i2; Ludwig Lore, 940; Mor~i.& HiiJ.
quu, 638; Jameo Oneal, 688; A. I. Shtploc:off,
··~tern ltX·al5 had to vote by pros.y and m each
caw the vote "''all thrown lo the Ri~l Wing a1· 319.
though m an~· o( the.e western loc..tls are definitely
k::no-.n to be LclL
STAT£ OF "'EW JERSEY
The S«ond Jrwi11h Branch of New York, • ·hich
/1/aJional £ucutive Com.miuft
ha~ IJC"en ie-oqamud by the RiPtt Wing, tent five
deleJ!Hte!l, '"hile ele\·en other membcn of the r.ame J. Rutherberg ------- ~ --.:.------~-'-- 1,1 99 vote.
2.
Harwood
--- - ----- ---- -- --··-----1 ,120 vote.
branch "'·ere pr~nl and \'Otin(!: ~ proxies, though
vola
it " 'a! formed onlv a few days before the conven- 3. Pre''f!')'
lnluno.lion.al De.k&t»u.
tinn. and the rul~ ~ate that no hranch cao .end
I. Roed -------------------------- 1.396 •oloo
m o r~ than one delt.f:!ate, if it bu been organu.ed
2 fraina
votea
le.:-!> than three monttu..
·------------------------1.058
PACL.
. Organizer, Local Queens.
-------------------------l.ll:{
o~[ hundre-d and thirt~·-six Jele,ates auenJed d.e
openinJ! oi the Je"" ic,h Ft"drnuion Com·ention
" ·hich H•ol. )•lace in Bo!>ton on Junr ). The Hi ~ht
V. inF J!OI into action as ~oon a5 the pra<·erdinss
OJlC'ned. It elected it.!' o"·n credentials committee
'"·hich procr.t'drd to admit all Ri~ht U1 inFen, pau
upon the \'alitlih· o ( thoo,c holdinF pre(xies and depr i,·e ,.,.\'eJJt~n Left ~ inJ! deleFales of' ,.eat!> on \'a·
rio u ~ flam~)· Pretext~. About filty~hrer Left \l'ing
delel!ato auccee.ded in ht-inf!: J~Uted.
Th,. l..dt V. iny Con,·ention organized the Je-.·i.h
1..~11 Win~ S«t ion and elected a temporary eer:re·
tun · and -t<'mpnrun .f.secuti,·e Committee of nine.
It i,. planned to hoid another convention a.hortly to
organi.u on a !'t"rm:nent :asis. •
The Left Win~ . u 11hown in J.W1ial ~lection r~
tum!-. h a~ ' "'·ept the Socialist Party. f.arly ret.WUJ
indicate a cornplete ' 'ir:torr for revolutionary So-
Why Political Democracy
f~ust
Go
the JlrOCCliN:S of "po litica l democrac~" became. leae
and I~ able to O\erthr.o ""· their a h~olute hege·
mom-in other -. ord!', tl1e center of Gm·t-rnment
ha.o. finally shifted complete! ~· from the Capitol and
the \\ hite Hpuse to '\\'all t trec:t. This became clear
dur ing the Great War.
~h next and hut article of this aeries ,.·ill point
out ~orne " 'a\'11 hv ""hich tl1r AmeriC'..an capitalist
cl•!! prea~erve. and 11trengthen~ ita power.
(To ~ conclud~d. )
(Con.linULd frqm pa1e 4)
the A~rica n people lo the pot~ition of debtor' for
hal( a century.
.
Another Wll\' b,, " ·ldch the Con~t itutto n - frAmeu
profited. Ahliou~ pledged to Mrri!:C:)' in tlu: Con·
vent ion. thn u~d tlu~ ir k.no"" led~Ze of the proceed·
in~ to 1p«~late in land anti f!:O' 'ernment &«urities
and cunene~·. hefOre knowled~e -.u nutde public.
An anal o~· "·ilh the present situation regarding
the Peace Treaty with Germany, • ·hicb h.u ~t into
the hand!< of the peat financial interests befo!'e it
hat reached the •H:ople. will readi l)' 5U~g~t itMif ...
The Com.titution &O de,· i~ ha! been the frame·
work of the American Go'·emment. and has con·
ti!tentlv th'"·arted the. will of the majorht of the
~pie · enr ,.ince it wu adopted, es.cept in cut!'li
of an o,·~r~·hdming majority. r atrick Henry ,
upon r~dinf!: the. document, es.claimed, " hit, sir, •
most fearful 5ituation when Lhe most conte.mpti.hle
01inority can flre\·enl the alteration of the moll op·
pres..ive go,·ernm~nt ; for it nay, in many retipecla,
prove. to be tuch."
Vr o l~~r Burgesa protesla ap:ainst the ayatem
for amending the Constitution. and in doing 110, un·
wiuinf!:ly criticizes the entire. document :
"\\'hen in a democratic political aociety, the
•ell-matured. lon(f. and del~rateJy.fonned will of
the undoubted rrutjority can be penislently and sue·
ces..,fuiJv th ...·arted, in the amendment of the Or·
@anic J8w, by the will of the minority, there i.'l jwt
u n1uc-:h dan@t.r to the States from revolution and
violence u there ia from the eaprK:c of the m:1jor·
ity."
So mueh for the. foundation• of the American
republic ; .a much for "the mon advanced political
dcmoc::racv in the world." However, there hne
been time. when the snat capitalisu in cOntrol of
the Government, deJibentely violated the Consti·
tution. when it auited their inlerats; for eu.mple..
jull after the Ch·il W.~r. wh..n the Republic.an:a in
Congre.u forbade th£ Supreme. Court top... upon
some. or their RICOIU!truction l.alation, .o" pain of
bein« dUsolved. Toward the workitt[l<IUI. how·
ever the Supreme Court hu become mort~ and
more the ob.aruc:lin instfwnent of capital~
cl.... intereat. and the Cunatiiutioa an ever paler
weapon &«•inat the worlr.en ; evea to the point wbe.re
it hu upheld ~e conviction of Eugme Y. Debt.
From time to time the Conatitulion hu hem
a~ded, and its provUioDV1hte:rpreted, .a u to
• •ideo and atrengthen the politica.l powen oL I.he
people. in Government- in other word., our t;o.,.
C'!'Il!Deat hat become more ..democr&Lic,"
lJut thil il only io r,roporlioo M the p-.1 capi·
tali.et.a ltnmgthc the D\iaibl~ (;..o-...-mD~mt. ud u
of
plankt." in the: Sociall.t Party platform, the fight
!x-t""een ahe lwo "'·intts develoJ~ . ending in thirty·
c:if:!ht Lch Wing delqateto •bolting from the. con·
A Reply to a Farmer
!CoNw..d from I"'&' 3)
Ju societies where the
clu..~
antagonisms bne
:r'c:~c=i~d::~ll~n'!::'~·~ 1t~=r~·u~~~ roo:·:
own countr)'· This public P'"'·er uf coercion "in·
crea!le" in the u.me ratio in which flus aiJtagonia:na
become 'more pronounced, and in •bich neighbor·
in, ttales become. lar~r and more populous". The
United St•tes offers a aplenJid example. of the
truth of this. ln the Jut lwo decade5, clus Hnes io
America have become acutely pronounced. In the
u.me period the public power of coercion haa in·
cre.ued i.n dirt'd prorortion to •he ~harpening claaa
rlh·i11ions. 1he European claN .t.nl@fllet and warJ
of conquest have al!-0 nur~ the public. po~er ~f
coercion to a ·tremendout IUC:.
0 m&IDtam this
power the citil.mt p• y, taxes. and the State conuacta
debts, loana. and make& drafta on the future.
En~l~~ hu clearly ahown· that "'the State ia a
product of irreconcilable data contradic:tiona and
confticta. But b."rins arite:D among theee confl.icta,
r
i ~~~:x~~h~-===================- ~~ :::
ltU~rn.a.t ion.al S«reJ.~Jry
K.ate Richards O'Hart: _______________ 86S votea
Morri11 Hillquit ------- - - - ··· ----- -- 34-~ \'otee
..That the l"'ational Es.ccutive Committee arran@:'C
for an emergency Con..,ention to be helsf u IOQ.n u
can be arr•n~ :
YES ·- ---- -----------------------------1:1.69
No ------------------ ----- -------------
87
il is u II" rule the lltate of the most po•e.rlul eco·
nomic du!'i that by force of it! economic tmprem·
acy becomes also t.he: ruling political clu!! and
thu! acquirn ne-. means of eubd.uing and aploil
ing the oppreo-!Oed mauea. The antique Stale. waa,
therefort:. the Stale of the slave. ownen for the pur·
pow: of holding the. alavee i.n check.. The feudal
Sta:e ""'as the organ of the nobility for the oppre.s·
aion ol the H"rh and dependenl farme:n.. The mod·
em repreeentative State iJ the tool of the oapitalilt
exploiten of "'' a@'e labor." ln a democracy the
capitalist ciU6 ner ta iu power indirectly but with
more certaint)'. Thw in America. tluough its
wea lth, the bour~oi?ie conupu oL:iala, form gov·
emment and &tock etthange alliancea, anrl ha~ a
more sure hold on the agencies by o4Ul1S c:.f which
the "'' ill of the m~ it balled. Upeci.ally in a
republic. lor eumple America. ..what ill good for
tl1e ruling clus iJ allef!:nl to he good for the whole.
of Jociety with • ·hich the rulint~: clua identi6es it·
~~e.Jr'. Thu11 ""·e. tee that the Americ.a.D Socialiat
movement must be particularly on @'U&rd q;dinst
the numerow mara and dclwioru of bourgeoi.e
demcx:rocy.
IT•k......_,l
LEFT PROPAGANDA MEETING
Undtr the au1picr" of
ht A. D. Sociodiat Party,
a,_,. <:-ty
Thia Friday ne., J....., 13, 8 p_ Mat
,_....,
LE'JTISH HALL
m wuu. A•~ •.ar taN se.. •~
BENJAMIN CITLOW
15UEL AliTER
LEFT WING PICNIC
~.
r
Aapot :utlo, 1111,
at
EADMONN Ma•A.LPINE
LOtTI5 BAUM. a....-
Admiooiooo F-t. AI
£ASTERN BOULEVARD PAJllt
Eaat.. &o.-..n ...t F - Sclooylor
Roool w.lcMot., a.- N-YOrientat Daocet by Mi11 Katayama and
Troupe.
Other attractions to be aUDOunced later.
A Red Picnic-A Great Time-For a Red
CauS~e .
Men, \Voroen and Children of
the Wor king Oan. Come and enjoy
yourselve!!
.
.
Picnic at:arts 10 A M .
ArTaat. . ~ u.. Wh Wiaa .._._... •' ......_
............. Ia ..._ _ . . a t pM
LeftWing Mass Meeting
SUNDAY, JUNE U, at I P. MAt Maahattaa L y 66 E. old>
s..-
Admi&aiaG Frw
i
I~
�The Ne" York C.,mmunbt
Violence or Sollclarity?
S
NEARI~G h.u written a pamphlet with
the curiout title, " \'iolmce or Solidarity?"
or .. Will Gum Settle It ?'' Thit pamphlet ill
a 1pecial plea aga in111 the UM of violence in the
Socio l Hevolutiun, h om the pcint of vM-w of an
enreme pacifiat non-reai.atanL
Tht- "imt:tution of the dear love of comradee"
mut t ~ huih • ·ith lo\'e, rorn;ade;hip, and the "iaatrumentalit l ~ o f 6ocia l orFana.uii'>n."
f orce and
violenc-e. an ording to Com rade ~t'atin@. e&n MTtt
bnn~ the Sucial ist Common"·eah.h .
To illurtrlll~ the len~:du to ~-h irh Comrade N,...ar.
in~ got." !, "' ~ mu~t quote the IS~DK of hi1 arsu·
mrnt applied to l11t' prnt'nl re,·o luti onar~· pt!riod.
···n.e Hunfa rian G.J, e rnmenl hat ~n changed
tbe.e
~:l:n:"~o;:,hc!JJ~ ~~~ ~~v1i~e_Heb~L~l;11 ~omf::nsa?
a
COTT
B~- ur,nnlz.at1un. nu~ o ld wn..ld i; deaJ: the new
.,o rld i! being bC"~. Without '\' iolt ..ce the Froct:M
U complett:d.
•
"In ~rmnn,· . on th~ olh~r hand. fr om th~ time
th t~l t.h~ revolution occurred until tod"Y· they have
l .t~ n flFhtmg back and forth through the &lroet.s,
the Spana.cam auemptiuM to t"'t.abli~h a Soviet Gov·
~rnm~ nt by tl1e hayoud..
\\ hen they · &ucceed it
..,.111 Lt: in ttpite of the1r tact~. not becaUAe of the:n.
" Tht: HuM·ian He,·o lution wu &urro unded by a
• ·all of bay.:mets ..1 Rte!>! ·Liton.k.. The \O•orkeu,
unarmed. found themw:lvts ftace to face v•ith the
most Jlowerful mil itaq· nutt·hine that n.i!>ted in
Uu: wur ld at that I ime. .o\j' parently tl1~)· • ·ere at
the mt rn of m 1litarism. but thty beran at home
to e!-tab li ~ h an cconomic La ~ i f fo r cornndeship.
Tht ~ f'I \'C the ·Jand to tl1e pe.L'&IIL" and the fou: tori~
t o the • orJ..en. \\he n the faclb became k.no•n. the
~r man military ._.• ~ po,.·crle». and ln the end
the ~r ruan Rco'\·o lution a,. ...,..l!"""ed the lnfamo ua ad
of tht imperia listA at Br~t·Lito,·al.
"The fl UH·iam .._·on their p<~in l tl1rouFh eco nomic
ju~tire at home. p r opn~anda and open d iplomacy.
!\at their arm)' but their r hilo!tapby and their c:l·
ample •pread revolution ovCT l:urope.
"The RuFsiaru m ay fail in their grf-at expe}i.
men! o f l a ~· i ng the ~anom ie bafifi fa r the irutitu·
r ion o f the dear lo'\·e of comrades. H thC\' fail
ill thi!- the Red Arm~· ...,·ill help them ! !!il. lf they
tro'ill the Rrd Arm~· •·ill stand in the way of the
thing that they '"'·ish to accomplish .•••"
Thi~ is a unique in~rpretation of the European
Re,·o lution~ pccia ll y the Huntarian RC\·o lution.
The ide.:~ of Bela Kun as an a r)()§tle or ..rn·olutioo
by Jo,·e'' ~ ~~ ~~oliFhtl~· ~ot~uc. How 'IOI' U the H'.lD·
~ari a n So\·id rd up ? Simplr by meam of a vague
..o rganiz.ation''? 1'\o. The Hun,:arlan bour@:Miaie
abd ~cated in favor of the vrold..ariat, ror several
'\'ery @'oo d rea~n s ; flr! t, . they ...... that the peace·
terms of the All ied and M~iated Power! 'IOI' ould
de.<~U oy tkm uttt rly, and Hungary '"'·ith themafter al l. proletarian rule 'IOI'Ould enlist the people to
pr~·e the nationa l 'IOI·e.altb, which might later be
restored to it.!l original o wn~s; ~and. capitaliam
w ~ incapable of makintz 'IOI' ar, or peace, or <If reron!tru rlin ~ war·f;hatterrd Bociety=-and Hungar·
ian capitali ~~om .didn't want to assume responsibility
f or the io'-1; third. 1\.aro lyi a:Jd c then ..w the in·
e.·iUI.bility u; the Social Catacl)'Bm, and perhapa
real i.z.ed that there wu only o ne way to prevent
the confounding of all in o ne all-v~·erwbelming
ruin-only. Ollc COnJtl'Ur.tift rorcc: in the world, the
prolet.ariaL
But bef.ore &uch le.ona could be driven home,
ho• · much violence bad hce!! d one, how many
heruic proletarian! had lo1t ·t.h.eir live& on the bar·
rica do to prove their unaltenhle will ! Ho,.,· bad
great Ru.!lsia r ocke-d on htt foundatioru !
.
And wu it accompli,hed peacerully aft~ a.ll?
.AA we write .rhe Tchdr.ho-Sio'\'al;& and the Ruman·
ianA 11re atti"Cking Soviet Hungaf')· with arms for·
ni!>het.l by the rnlrnu· Powtra. Capitalism ia at·
~,! ~~ ~~ i~~:ot!~3~R::::~~o~~o~~oH!r.
gry. that noillmU.I abode of broth.rly lo... hu
~biliicd the revo lutionary worker. to defend
the
Soc:ialiat Fatheri...L
Vl hat wuuld Scott N~iag ban Scrriet Hurl!.,.
do? S imp ly go· out to meet the enemy with c
olive branch in o ne han~-~ a pacifitt pamphlet
in the other ? Th~ dest.
or Sovtet HUDpry
and of Sov ~tll Ruuia I:I)6AR& that printi.nfl; pteaec:e
will be &maahlx!, the te.chers of ..ideu" pul to
death ; it mean• that a geue:ral !'GaiNCie of tbe
wnrkn--pacifiau. u well u militana.-will iD·
undate the Rnolutioo in wan:. of blood, a. in Fin·
--ron
land.
1f iliue had been no Red Army in Ruaaia. there
wo uld now be no Ruuia.n Retolutioo to lta.Dd u a
~; ~0:.:~ ·n;!~~:;:~k=·i~ ~~~~,e ~:=er:J
iL'tlt'lf. h iJ; LT\Ie that the Wle4J of the RU..i.a.n RrYO-
~~t~:,~rd_!'n~~~~e!,~ ~ ~~:
:=
siAn llno lutia o ~aiDI'I the world. &t in Bu.ia
i~ were put into life by en umed iMllf·
rcction, and they arc now ~ defended by a
d
people in orma.
But let tb eu.mine what it the real ·
i.-e behind the Social Re,·o lutioo. Comrade ~ ear-in«
teertl! to think that the reuoo for re,·olutioo iA en·
tire!~· a mora l one. He implies that the reaa.oo lhe
working clau wi!-~e& to tale over the power, and
o11gh' t~ take o ,·er the p<.~wu, ia becaw.e 1uch an.-;
tio n i!- right. The infe-rence from hiA &rl'Jma:l~ i.
that all o nt h&.!l to do in order to per1uadr the nat
nujority of the people tl1at Soeiali!-m U. ~ it to
employ \be weapons of peat:eful. argum.eot u.d
propa,anda.
~1,· ripht, tl1e po int ir. that the S ociall51 Common-
But
the q uestio n is not whether Soc:i•liml it mar·
a lth ia the only pouiLit way to uve civilization
and recomtruct human AOCieh·. And, .,.·hile 6.-e or
!oiX centurieo of r,eaceful ar~ment. unhampered b~·
the cap ita/i!,t po ltical&tute, mi@.ht conceinbly con·
vint:e a majtJrity of the "'Ork in~ peoJl)e to ~ t,o.
Fether in a ~cueral !trike • ccompanied b~· p~!-ive
roistance, 1uch tactic!> are L lopian no•·, • ·hen the
Social Re,·o lu ~ion la upon ua.
And if Comrade Noori1111 ia opooood to llal.-4f
.,. 1hinlu that "" will be
to
.uo..ea ,r.....a .._
Soci•l RrTolution by Brotherly Lo~ be ill .-.
t.ak.to.. end what's JD;)f'C, be &. DO RmoiUtioury S.
ei&.ldt.
"Viol..,.. or Solidarity"? Solidarily u ....,_,
and i.o md·with the blockJ!i.ot, police claho, .... .,..
chioo J!UDL
The er:onomk founclatioo for "lhe ~ .,
the dear love of comradee" ia DO\ to he WOD W~
blood and lean. Pa.rifi•m dini"'DD the workiac
cl..., and exp.,... it 1<> the moo1 foarflll daDpw..
There ia no place for pacifiota in lbe Social R.o.
lutioa.
[!he Telescope
WHEI'i
ordering you,r . copy of Tlot
I
SociGlu., !>o
toure and ~ what you uk for. Don' be pal
The ca~ p i tsl ist clltM iL' not goin~ to be CCIII\·iuoed
off '"'·ith ....omrthifle jutrt u good:. l..ook your copy'
of its moral duty to a Lo li!ili iwlf, oo maHer bow
over well bt'fore gi~iog M y mooey. lnaiat OD. pt~
~til l a majurit)' of the "·orkerh deride that this ia
ling • ·hat you uk for. · NoDe pu.iDe wilhoal U.
r i~ht. The genera l ~>trike is in ibell an act of violeure. and 'provokes Yiolence io return, which m~ label.
be r~i,.ted b)· 1hc F-trong hand ofJProletarian d.ictaIt appean from 1M laat i.uue of Tlte ~
ton·hip. Capitalism i... ruo;h i"'t: t u "' ~ud it!' d()(\m
"''ilh t rrmendo u~ "llerd. and th..· cruh .,.·ill not thai the &luff1it bu been putting out is too n" eTa
• ·a it u1wn the ,.,.,n·,.aLJ,. education ~ ' • L .. v· 'tk.ins , fo r the memben or the Right Wing. and eo the edl.class. ['\·en in its tieath thrUM, capital i!'m lJ not ton of the otbdal organ of 1'he Pud Terror" .are·
tcoing t r> allo w the "'·orktr,. to take hold of the attempting to lead Jle~ re:.den to bel"'"' that they
Nlau.,,·ed machinery of c h·iiWtion • ·ithout a .h.t· are not fe!lponsihle fOr '101-hat they writ~
b'\· the 'l'l'av. which 'IOI'e could h.ue- told tbtm loot ap.
tie.
1iiC' · ·hofe fro.ot p~!!e or the lut tMUe il deorotal
Comrade · I\'earin~ a fftrf. the ori~ir.al opinion
to · ·hat purports to 1',; 8D up..e or a ......" .r.JiiD.
that tilt reason • h tl•c f.crnl.ftn Cnmmunisll' ( a:lnl
ber- ar. if uch ilUUe Wd DOt a rake.
.
10 rot:i7.e the £0 \'erninrnt, wr.A becau!oe thf'~· attempted
We ·~~F..' thai the ao-collod "lab~ so.:;.u,
on Armed in,.urrection : and that ir' thr'\· do " uccuJ ·
it .,..ill be in spile of thtir uee ttf ro'rre. At the wu a n attempt or the Rii-ht W~e:= to , .
• · " llMir
Mmf' time he 1'1urs over tht feel that the Runi.aD ho tro· much iD the way of "'NUll.!'!!
~J~he'\·iki sccompl i..!lbed their e.eir.ue of the po._ follo•·en would at&Dd for.
by force of arms. In Germany the Spart.ci~r-
ln p wert' not a~ainst the government u 1uch.. buJ
again!-! the capitalist clus, • ·hich. thro~ f:be
treachery of the Majo rity Social IJemocrata, bad
been includr-d in the go,·rmment,-in epite of itJ
\l'e wiah to apolosiR for our D1iltake .t.t ...
Jonlt and bJ ,, od~· h itlory of repr~ion and imptt·
n:ntu.red the opinion that Oneal would be elecleli
iali~;tir t>Iploita tion. There i1 no ,.,·ay to meet the
a
&
an International Clel~te. . We ban: 11!111 l8c.l
\'iolence of tht capit litt clu~ except with violmoe..
or the ft:tW1D since.
•
And it
the Sc~ridemann Socia:Uts who" per·
formed the role of eJ:ecutionere of the workers ia
' Jud@in@. from the I"C'tUnll eo fa:r made I'Qblic tl
the interests of the G.erman bolir~i\ie.
In the AlilultWku.,.Uadtr, Victor Berrer'a pa pCr, • ·nuld appear! that when the Natiooal £zecariw
a n editori.al ace~ the Lefr \\'in@: of wanting .. vio- CollU"fti"ee wu piciUng men .to repr"MCDl tlae P.ny
in· Europe. it 'IOI'at verv euooeedul in p~ tbole
lence"--<lf upiring to "b l ood ~· UJ•ri ~ ing•." The
appearance of Comrade 1'\earing'• pamphlet at this in wl.om th• m<mbenitip had lout eooliclomce.
t ime, • ·hen the Social ~ mo"ement U tiplit into two
Louit Waldrnari indignlllltlJ denies tha be ...
faction.. ._that of Scht-idemann Socicli!-lD and that
~ He ..,..
of Re'\·olutionar\' Sociali&m-hae the ....me effect of pr~ted " 'ith a bouq uet of
saddlin~ the Le£t Wing with the an&n:hi11tic tactics the bouqud wu oompoaed ~ camlrtioaa mel U
they wert originally red in color, only they b4d t..
or the Bla<"k Intcruational.
We rea.ent the implication that we lllaod ror Ti~ come tliP,tly withered owiO« to the hell proct..x.d
.
•·u
{ink
by the vigor of the applauao.
lenfe bet-a1•M" it is violence; and that we are A!am.
"'\Oiidarity". The Lcf1 Wing adYoatee the llrcrll8
1md cloee o r@'cmit.atinn of the worldnlf c lua in order
~t<i""'••~: pnr erN~< that ~
that it may a&~~ume the State po.,er for the "'·orkins 4
clft..!l.!., and th:at it mn defend the Soci•l RrTolutioa i• boutins thai he made the motioo 1<> ..pomd 1M
forei!"<"
frO!" the So-.i.alill Paty.
from the brt~tal •!olmce of the capitalista.
Y..bo.
The Communist Book Department
f
TM Comnuu ut ub all membcn of tb£ Left Win@ to order litcnture t.b.roasb oar ...,
Book DepanmenL From time 10
we ahall publiah boob aDd pampht... of~ 1>0
reYolutJona.ry Socialiata.
~ _. "-iia. · ·
. '
By N. t.iia
Pric:e, 5 oonla. Bw1<llea, 10 1<> 100, 3~
Loa of """"thaD lOO, ~ -
A New Lethlr to tbe W-J<_.. -
...__ el tloo
Price, 1Q
~
...u.
••••
-1
B,. ,N. '-Ia.
Badlea, .;~-
T- Da:ro n.t Sho.>ll tloo W..W. •••• ·
.
'
John Reed'• S1ory cif the Bolaloorik R..olutioo. Autopaph f.ditiooo,
SpoeU.I Price to Comndoo who ocde. tbn>"i~ 'I'D CoiOIUI<Uf 9ock ~·
•I•Pr.,_-:
A Y- J ~ Did•-.w.. •·•••
'
Go"""""'""
il<pon of the Rwai"" Soria
OD ·all Aetiriri• aDd. ~ o/,
the "'olewi.an lkpublio from No....,bor ith, 1917, 1<> t~eoefobor, 191~. Abool 600
pap. Pape ooftr.
·
. ...
.
()f;cjaJ
qn--. • \
.
Price II. Special a- for
co~&.cuu 10 lknj01ni.n Cillo., Btui.n.eu AIOAOier To N.
·
Weat 29th l>u-. l'iow Yad; OIJ
S.lwl aU
~·
CoMM\DIUIT, ' 48
�$5,000 For
The National Executive Committe~ of the Socialiat Party bu.decided to exterminate the revolutionary
element. in the party by expell.iq them.
'-
It ia followin11 the bour~reoio tactica of Local New York, th'-committee that amao bed the Party locally
by expellins 22 hranchea.
The State Executive Committee of New York hao appointed a commit(ee of three(!) with full power to
expell any local that becomeo Bolohevik and adoph the Left Win11 Pro::J;am ) .."'cala Queena, Rocbeoter, Buffalo,
Utica and Kin11• are ab.,ut to be c:.r;!led. Bronx io to be re-or~ranized.
Th~ Party ia goin& left. The r~volution againat reaction baa auumed gigantic proportiona. The mem·
benhip ia determined in ita aupport of wtcompromiaine revolutibOary principlea.
Morria Hillquit want. the declu cleared. He a•ka for a aplit in the Party. He rej>udiatea the Third lnternr.tional
Beaten by the memberabip the old leadera of the National Executive. Committee diore~rard the Party ref..
erenduma. !\ declare• the votea of the rank and 6.le Yoid.
The N. E. C. repudiate• the Third International, the International of the Bolahevilri, after the Party
membera by an overwhelmin11 majority have voted to affiliate and participate.
Repudiate theae b.:U~l, diaruptin and .:.nprincipled tactic&.
Rally now to the aupport of Socialiom in AmeriCL
I
Help the Left Win11 carry on iu 6~rlit for reYolutionary principl.._
The Left Win11 carriea on the 6~rht for th~ rank and 6.le.
1
for~ip federationa of the Party that ban
It carrieo on the 6ght for the 4G:o membera of f the aenn
been expelled becauae they were FOREIGNERS and BOLSHEVIKS.
THE LEFT WING PUBLISHES
The New York Communist
the paper that in America ennunciatea the communiat principlea and whole beartedly aupporta the BolaheTiki of
Ruuia and the Spartal of Gei"'D&&Iy.
·
·
The Left Win11 i(bein~r attacked nbw on all aide• by the reactionariea in the party, by the New York
Call. by the capitaliat preaa and by the Goni'DIDtlllt.
MONEY HAS BEEN SPENT AND MORE IS NEEDED.
To wipe out our debt, to continue the publicalinn of The New York Communiat and to continue to carry
on thia important 6~rht we appeal for $5,800.
SHOW THE RIGHTS WHERE OUR MONEY COMES FROM!
MAXIMILIAN COHEN, 43 W. 29th St., at once
$5.000 for a united party on revolutionary principles-a solid front against capitalism~ victory for the working class.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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New York Communist, 1919-06-14
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1919-06-14
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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application/pdf
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n09_19190614
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2018-08-13
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n09
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
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Scuttling the Ship
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/62d95e43f81a5f71c9a159af4c3f08d6.pdf
dcf3574f6ebc2a45167055fe9e87a58a
PDF Text
Text
75he
New· York
CO-M MUNIST
New York, Saturday, June 7, 1919
Vol I, No.8
Price 5 centa
)
Forty Thousand Expelled by ·Seven
Tlk /ollo~L!inf. i.J ~ first of lt:Wral arti.d~•
dtJaibinK rh~ l'orty cri.Ji.J, ond 11k aw.ocrG:ic GC·
tioiU of lh< Rif,h.r Jrin& membt'rJ of W Nalion.ol
£ u cuti11• Cornmiltt'r at it• rrunl hi.Jroric mutin«
in Cluca! o. It i.J u:riu~n and Luurd lrr Comrodu
L. £ . 1\atur/dd anJ Alfred rf'o,;r.nkr~chJ, rMmberJ
of til< l\'oJiotUJI E.ucuJille Commi.ttu. on.d LouU
Call for a National Conference of
the Left Wiril
Crall /t~~ o !t~wtwJ Confuuu ol rM Ldt ru.,
ol a.,. Am~ncon So-c..J.ur POll), i.a.u~~c1 &, Local
C. Fraina.
,..,111
V t-quare
10LATJ~G c"ery principle of fair play and
denlin[t and PiHC(!::udiutt e'\'Cr)' con·
atitutional pro\'i ~ ion to thr contrary, the
l'tational ExC"Culi\'t C<ouuuinee, at il! M!.'lrohion in
Chica ~ o. Ma~· 2-l lu 30th , expelled the flale organ·
iz.at ion uf Lhe Soc iAh ~t Par1y in Mich i@An, con·
11litulin~ nea rl,· 6,l00 mem~n. without a trial;
II U ~ J H:Udt.-d tlu• ltu!t:oian. L ithuanian, Poli t~h, l.ctti!lh. •
Hungur ian, U .. rn i n ~n aud South Slavic Federa·
li on~ of lhr P.u ty, cnnstiiUting mort than 3U,{)(X)
n•embt-r~ and-'"'·orst of all, and lt"t it be ~ id to
tlu:ir everla.!= l in ~ 5hume-- are autocr alicully h olding
up lhe national rde rcndurru for the election of a
new !'\utiona l Ex e~; utive Co mm ittee, lntern:.ttional
~l e~nlt'!o, l nternati'lnal Secretary, and UJ•On the
que!otion of the Emrrf:,-t:OC)' l'iation11l Conn:ntion.
i\:ever befure in the historJ of U1e Socialist Portv
haH: Panr ofbcial s darrJ ;:o outra~eou!l~· to violntt
l'nrt y princ iple;. A '"'· ilful p oup of 5even mcm·
ben• out of n total National f.tCC'uti,•e Comminee
mrmbcr ~h i p of fifteen, ten of "'·hom nttended tlte
meeting. usurJled vower "'"l1ich the couHitution doe8
not ~trant them, an~ which U1e Socialist Party mem·
h~uhip ne,·er intr.uded any M"n·anL~ of tJ1e Party
to ha,·e. This "'· ilful p oup of te\·en did nut, h o""'·
n ·er. act as liCn·anls of thc Party- but .., dictatore•
w1d tyrant• to defeat the e~ prebsed "'·ill of the inem·
benllip and to perpetuate tbermelve!l in olf.ce..
TI1i!1 i11 the c1 :s i~. In tl1be frantic efforts of the
oiLciHI_ Lureaucrary uf the Sociali!lt Party to
tnaintain it!.t!f in p o"'·er, .,..e see lhe finalanempt of
bour(Eeoi& refo rmi' ro to cru~ revolutionar)' Socialil"m in the United StatCi. Thia crlai• a..fTecL.. the in·
tegrit~· and future of tJ1c Sociali11t Part,·; if our
Party ia whole-heartedl Y and unr.qui\•ocalfy to Jlaod
Cor a S~"<ialit>m " ·hich ...·ill not compromiee~ which
will not fail in tim~ of le!lt, then ever)' Pany mem·
her must rehuke thi:~ un~~:rupuloUJ action, and mus~
t.akr a •Land in support of the nearly 40,000 com·
radts arhitru.rily depri.,ed of Party membership for
their fidelity to the principles or true International
~ ialism.
The objects of the autocr•tic acven are as plain u
d.sylight. Like a tidal "'' avc, the demand for the
tactic! and rrmciples of tlle kind of Sociali•m which
1\and:- true to the "''orking du.a at all times, bu
e"'·ept the Party. The thou5&Dda of comrades "'·ho
" ·ere 11inccrel)·. l'ttemptinp: to convince Party m~
bera that a more revolutionary kind of Socialiam
"""ali l h.C I!'fo>t.ary, were known ae the "Lch Wing".
TI1is Left \l:ing in our p.r."ty undeutood clearly
that the Scheidcmann brand vf Socia li&m mearu the
N.Y. StAt. Left Win1
New "\'ork., Mar !ltt. 1919. '
Drilr CDiftfcult :
'In view of nenat hap~n.iawa iD Loe&1. Sute ud
Natinn.11 Panr .Sain, th~ dr1aU. "f wh.ie.b you bne
beard b~ tl11• tim~. ·~ bt:Ue-Ye · lh~ lime ia ripe for a
.on of ;,.l'ltati•~ 41lal~ or~tW.uion Gf tbe Leh Win~
ia New \"ork State.. The ~ate [I«Utift Coamiuee
bu be~u n th~ Mate tact i~ Gn • .Ute aal~ which
J.nral ~ew \"Grk bat ~ practiaiaa oa a local
ac.ale; thai is;
t1M)IJ.anil.atian and crpulaion of
Left WillA lot'ala. ln ord~r that we mn counter thia
blow il wuuld be ad•iMble for all l..oe&l Secft'Wiel,
f\1" onanUrn or f'I'J'f"""ttatj,.. eJecred by Left WJq:
I.Ael..la.. to puticipalo ia •ada a coni~ to IMil!C
and dnw up • plan of eampajp!l of edPC&t.ioa ud
~,..nit.atina MJ thai -~ may hrp Mr membe:raJUp
mlact .nd rap1un the Pany O'I'...,U..t.iao wbanap.aible.. t.'b~rr thai '- impo.ible.. due ·tG tbe ...tu.,:e of o&<-rr-bolde:ra, we IUJ haft! tG take Me.,. to ·
build up Leh ~·inJ Ofluiutiou withia tlae Party,
All thia or CGW"MI • aubjecl to tbe &etioe lalu::a
IT,· Lbe N•tiuaal Le(t Yr'D1 Cuafeft:ace on Jwae 21._
t.be
ee.: :.:'
:-~~~::.ll ..:a ~o:,·,ti.
.-e~t~e~=~W v:'£'~t5T' A"CtN~w':'
• :tf ~'\:!o~ ~=
c!!,.~:Jt~or':
.oiiMIOoe
iA
T~
'
~:;~"ic~ Li:~llu~~~~,':: l,~~:'/.0::// !::Jl&MCJLj;
rour
JOG will
to • .u~.e c:.onla-uot of Wt
._/:h:.a....n,,
~Q...WI
o'cloU, J ...
Cotwt.
..... ...
:c:..~
....,, ,__
!ucuun of rh.t SocWUr POJt'f oJ Nftll Yor•
Cup, f Mcu.un.,J.um Cofwt~, Suutarr).
The iOiernataonal aitualion and tbt: cri•M iD the
A m~rinn Sociah•t f 1ar1 y; ·,b~ ...botace lhe pany
b·u~au('faC'r h•• ~rart il«'d ou 1hr cmu ~tenrr na1iooal
ca,n•rmwr : 1h~ I'. E. C. ali~w1 our par.}· -;: n h the
• U"""•ai·J>JUu.H• a1 lknaf', wnb 1bc Cont:reu of l.be
Lrco~t lklra)'al ; the oc'"n.artt' uf rn::uo•tnlrtint: our
pol1q 1n h '('ord wrl h rcvolut:onary "~nta,-•11 tb&a,
and w urr. m.d ..Cifl i1 o~c-cuary that \be t~ olut..iuo.&ry
f~~rcc:a 1n lhe !wcialut )' art) 1e1 tu~tctber for c:o\LDIC.l
and aeu un..
'
Thi1 call ;. therefore: iNutd. for the: .bold.in1 of a
National Lt.onfntncc of th~ L.ch \\'lq •I the Amr.ri·
c:an Suci&Lal Pan,, to dlacuaa :
1.- T~ CTU/1 in tbr part~, acd action thereon ; the
S::?.'J::U.o f th r pan, for 1be pl.l1f, for rnolut..ionary
2.- The !l'~w lnrem•tional ; .,,,... ud mt..~.U tG
prn~nl th~ paM)" ali,:nllllf ictelf •itb the "'ln1cma·
t1unal" · of 1b~ .oc i~l ·p•t uota, of lhc l::.bcrt-Sc.htida..
:Cllnn ltlllPh:n.. and 1lrc wuuin1 ccnlrr- ; a.!lliatioo
wnh tLr &laht"ik·5pa.rt.ac.an Coauawliat latf'I'"U•
liona.l aloae.
an~-~~,;..:":f~li~:ti~~l ~~;~~~~n~p~
of th,. Americ.an SucuJitt P.ny.
•
' - Fumaillf, ~me aon of a nt~iotW eowaeil or
Luruu uf tloe Lth \\inA for propqanda, aecwiDc
of infnnoa..tion and 1prbdi=lc lnfurm.ation..
S.- To e•prua and draw totteth~r \be rnolutiODUJ
fon::n in th~ party; IG c:on•idcr otba mearw of fur.
1benna the e&IUC of re•olut.IOOU)' Socil.liam.
Thit caU ia iNure! to loca.b of the Suciallil Part},
branc.hN and Left 9l ina poup. w:tbin 1he p&ftJ.
I
~~ \~t th~ ~1:ni;,:,~ :ro,t:io~:,·w: !; .hecu~
cl&.lill Party uf Grater N~ \'ark.
Uh Win,: locala are ia,.ilrd to wnd dclet:Ll• of·
6eially. \\ben • local o&c.Wir rd'uaea 10 paniei· ~
:~~in~':h~;riD~ipk!o~r'.te'LdivJin,lh.iu,~d".e~d
d«:Jepte..
.
,
l'fti"J
mem·
No local or poup ahould aend mo~ lhu folD'
dd r,.lm. ~. or cnrnoritJ ~upa wilh J- thaa
!.lXJ member. u~ nithlrd to one delqace.
Rcpre.entation-De dd~ale fH
~n.
500
Ju~e21~j:N:.cr Y:~ ~y bel-!chdet::~~~~Jfti!;
tutd 12S for • ceatral fund. out of wbieb wiU bo
P-id 1M upea..- of all dele&•tee.
/..A/t In,.. LocoU •Nl Brottehu, ae~ .' SrM co"'·
rwrw:i.et.i.oru to Ma.simiU.tt Colte~~o 4J IFut 19tA St
lt'a. ) ·orlr CUy. •
• ·
,
..
berrayal and defeal oC the workinR du&, and that
only tLe Sodoliun of Lithknocht and Lenin hod
" ·ithin it lhe potentialitiet. o( &UOCel!l and victory,
Jt we to ..rescue" the par1y from thi. Left Wing
facllon.• lo clean out oi it all "'·ho stood bravely
~~.~~~:.r~::::~,.:ic:!:,!ft~:ermd~:S!:'~~
000 rncmhcra out o( the P&J:lY.
,.
'
'
. Through ea~aee held ~ut.side or reJUIU a.
ttoru., the followmg method! of •""iiob were •dopted by the aulocnt..ic Seven.
•
.
. ). Not yet .knowinf how the reCcrebdum for the
J"lection or a new N~ttion11 Eaecutive Committee
would result, they decided to revolie the charter or
the Socialist Party of Atichi@:an. ~•ins that the
memben in Mk hitran would vote ovt.~"'·helm.in~ly
a,ain.t memben or the WiJrul 5eTe:o runnins for
~loction in the Mic:!Ugan ru.trieL
2. A f<W cloy> loter. h.omg found out th.t de•pite the expul.ion or Micbj~an the radical eandi·
datet~ (Of" election lo the f';ational ld:ecvtive Com·
"auld ..U. out. the,Wilful
docided to bold ap
the eati..re MtiODaJ refereodum upoa tbe eJectiaa.
3. b ..,.thor Clacat the Wilfal S... to
the eoac:l ..ioo· that after oil. tho co.W.. N.ti~
Coavcmlion would •peak ita miad ~ th.o ••·
toc:ratic a.cu. ADd wot~:d eruloree Wt Wills Social;,.. And then:fore tbo IUipmoiOD of 40,000 ·
ben iD .e~m foreip fada.ralioa. 'wu decided upo~
theoo oeveo foderlliODOO h.owi.q oupported rodical
Soeial.iam iD the P:..>y.
·
4. feoli.q tb.tt '*pile 1be. .,..pco;.,,. tbo Loft
'Wing migbt otill fu>C! itaeU Ia tho -i..str at tho
Notio...J CoDYentio_...iD fact. ....C..U.C du.t •
woulcl-<bey the~ ID fonD 1 ~
tbo t~>~jorltr eli-on of "bid! .,.. Soc:..U. ol
the ..- ....P u tho WiUul S...; ud ioo ....
Mnd• of IA<M Jirecum ;, "' b. ,.loe.d ..W prOf'<tiJ of U.. Soei41Ul Party. iAd..diolg ..W Madf!uorttfl builJin« upon ttiUc.A 110.000 "- ' - .
poi.d. T,'fcu Ji.reao,. c:4UliiDI bre rtcalled by &M
.Party numbt-t11 CGIU\01 ~ r~mqved by <.t N~
l:.'ucu.liw ComtniU.u, eM orJy uue ~ ~;,.,..
tou if U..ir Loa.U Uf'<l ..,...,. from meml>rnflil' ;.
U..Pony.
·
\lt'hm we ............,. thot moat of the WiUtal·
Snen, u candicJ.ate~~ for re-election to the N.Ooaal
Executi\·e Committee and to the o6ce of Iatcna•ionol O.lqral<», lu>ew themool.,;, defeated ud
renl iled t..hat the ol.cial ma.c:hiDerf of the pany W.
ahout to f.'""' inlo the hand. of the Ld"t WiD& tDe
re\•o lutionary elemm.i. the.c effort. to relaiD c.trol l>oc:omc doubly '*pieoble; for thea they are
clearl)· "ho'-'h lo he braun attempla Lli"'defy tM
will of <he Porty m<mbenhip.
But the. do~rate tact.ic:a mu.t oot he co~
aJonf' U I frantic effort or defeated o5ciaJi to ,..
tai9 their jo"'. Th.i.J ia pan and pan:el of tbe OODu o,·en)· upon print'ipler-. and Mc:t.ic:e i.D tl.e Soci.Ui:-,t Party.· It it tbe •truule between the ~
Win~ and the Left Vi'in@:. between moderate pdtj
hou:l!_~is SocialWn aod nvolution.ary prol..n.p
Soc1ah.&m.
,
.
•
The "'moderatet" on the NatioGal E1ecatite C..0..
m..itlte •ho"'' no reafiuliOD or the problema' of tbl
lnteniational Revolution. They do aot aee the DeeCl
·of rcconr.truotin~ tht Party policy in accord "Willi
~J.r eJliH'!rience- Rained by our comrade. iD Earope..
~· at any r~te~ do Dot act tOward WI t!DCL
The ~rbU i• .erioua.. 1t aS'ec:u the fata:re·al §o..
cialiam and the proletariat in America.. We an
confident lhat.,rrvolutioaary Socialiaa will ca.
quu the Paity. It wiU pnvail '*pile tbo ~
of the Wilful S..m. La no comrode fool d,io.
hearten«!. 1'\o oD< member obould quit tho Pony.
In foet. ever)' member abould wort with ·mi«bt ud
ooam •o , .. D>CD.ben and build. bwlcl. bwld. tWo
know the game of the ..mock:rata" 1bey • ..._ ...
Left Wing to dooert the Party. 1-i.q tbo Portychioery and property in the banda of tbe aldocr•
Titey will be d l..ppoin<ed in tbio. E~ ndicol
Socialirt will atick lo the eod. woRms .Upt ad
day for the rei.nst.:ltemenl o( tbe oea.rJy 40,000 ....
ben the Wilful Sevm b... .......! fn>m .tbo Porty.
tio~n•!~t ~r!e~t\:f::Jd£:~~ ~.!:-~
counted o.od 101de publie. luaiot th.t the ozpaloi•
of Michison ond the fedentioDa ah.oll nO( p....u.
me ..
Second tJJe rde1endum motiooa to rnene
of the Wilful Snc:a. acts u.ncoaatitatiooal ud _.
rageous. Rolly ID the Left WinJ. oomrodeo. for ID
<he Left Wing belonp the future of Soeiau-.
The alogoo of the "modentea" io-"Splh 1M
Porty for moderlle r.e"Y bourfl"'io Socloliom." .,..,
t.fOfran or t.ht: Lfft \\ iD!" ;.._.."'*Coaquer aDd w:aite d.
l'arty for revolutionary Socialiim., fur lhe
iot lntcrnatio..J.....
eo.:.....
s.-
.
.
'
-
-==
oi~~J::.-- ........
oll.821--. ..
--
-~ ....911.
lhaa ... ~akMtedl.f..,..iac_...tel........._.
~=-e~u..r~-.w.•.,
....._ ....................
li" v-ia• ia ............ dlr.uw .. till
s..a.
lalPon,el....._ .. ....w.. ... . - .
~c.
a. a . .~
-
Cia.._
--··
�z
The New York CoDUD<miat
tah. New York
lonpr.
The Ulement ciOMS with • decluatioo conccm.
ins the neceu it y of J"e::le•ed or@:ani.z&t.ioo and
bon of the RiP,t Wins who •rp....,tiJ dooin 110
h..,e ~eit n.mes kepi ~«rft, conrt:r.. him that
there 11 to be an Americaniut ion of
Soci.alill
Party, a~~d thot the Bolobnik el.....,.. .,.. to be
and amouldering re1o·olt ' eo~eodued by the re- eliminated.
Ofliciol Orpa of the· lAft WID• s..tiae,
actionat)' polic:n of th~ rulins clau and iu so•·
Tile TrihuO<, tello how i1 1"""'"<1 ot Tho
Socialiot Party
ernmenL But thif is 1 p:eneral tlllemenl It Je.v1111 p,.,...ple·a House that "'h i. the demand of
it lo be infened lhat all the ditcoateatcd e iemenu the P11n y lea ~era and the Ri!hl Win@ u a whole.
Ow.-! aod Coatrolled J.r 1.-1
in the cou'ltr ): m ust .be b rou,ht iuto the Party : thM the Amer•can Socialiat monment be IM!II free to
W..t• Now Yoril
no""·here d ~ 11 ment aon the "-'orking clua u tbe d~'·ebp in. accordance • ·ith American coDd.itioaa.
JoaN Ruo .
on lr rl au • ·ith wh ich the Socialilt mo\·emcnt it wuh Amencan rea litr and Amttie&n P-fcbolosr."
EAnwosN ~IA ... A....rll'll~ • • • Auocilsu Ed~r concerned.
Just u "'hen Waling, Dohn. Ruue I, Stokea,
Six months • go the N. E. C. • ·auld not have Spargo et ol left the Party they uoocl tho P""ailiuc
Mu"unuAH ContN •
MoM6et
d re~ med of mouthinE auch rc,·olulionuy phrue- psych ology lo Lnclle me ~ople againal the move.
Edi<ori<ll 8
olotry. It i! now doing so only bect.u5e the rank ment , to toda y the Right Wing ia attempting to uae
N. I. Hotiii...,CR
M. Zucu:a
and file ~f the Pa.rt ~ is determined upoo winning ~e n ge _worked up by the e.pitaliJt pr~ againlt
B. D. WoLF£
J. U'IL~
tlu! .A'!'('f/ can Snc .alu~t monment to revolut ionary tne fore1gn~n to diw:redit the Left Wing.
But
Soc u1h ~m . Dut no one can ulk the language with · ther are m•srrpreM:nting the American ecction of
PubU.hed E..ry
eel<.
f:\ut ~ea n.i ng it, or at leat.t unde!llland i.ng il. And the P~ y. _AI! through lhr country the Socialite
by th1s .Lime the Party memkn h ip kno wa enough ~ort y . u s"!mgt.ng to the Leh, irrel'p«t ive of na·
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
to distingu ish bftween phra.ea and fKa.
t1onah~·· Just a!l Lhe Socialilt Party bu been a
I Yeor - ---------- ............ -'3.00
compos11e of all thr. oat iou ,. l i ti e~ io the r.ountry .,
~e Left Wing it comp~d of all the nat ional~;.
6 Months --------------------- 1.50
Deporting the Aliena
tn the Part y. The Amerie.na are not behind tbe
3 Moaths ----- ----------------- .75
-IE ~atior.al Excr.uth·r Commiueoe bas ha... others. We _or the Left Wing are not concerued
tened to o be~· Hi llquit's call for a •p lit in the " 'ith_the natior.o lity of the membenhip , nor! do..,.
Sinsl< CopU., 5 Ctflll
Socialist Par1 y by thr a rbitrarr au~n&i on of cons1der thai nation alit y is one of the i..uua now
Bundle Orden of 10 or over, 3 ~ Cents a Copy.
lf\"tn l...R n~ a,r Federation! , a pprox.imalmg ~me being fou@ht. Americans unden uqd Socialiam u
43 w ..t 29th Sb'eet • • - New York City 30,000 membrr!l, or one-ll• itJ ll1e- c:ut i1c IIICiukr· "'·ell u AP)' other nat ionalit y, and in the n~~hare of
shi1' uf the Pttr1)'. Thi a .. cri on U tU en "'"ithour anv thin gs it it Amer ican~ who • ·ill dominate the Sonotice and uu hurin t, l1 u bttn hrld lo decide on d ali!!t mo\·ement in America ; otherwite the future
the C..ct1- in the ca~ . The rh irf ...crime" of khich o ~ the_ mo\·ement ~ thi1 country would be Yf:ZJ
Phraaea and Facta
lh ~ federati o n~ ketr gu1lt' • accordmF to the b, r.d;. mdeed. But m l},e put many Americana who
N Frida ~ . Ma' ' 30th. after t'IJ~II i n([ ~oomr fon~·· huld ftOr) em analmE fr om the r\nt1 ona l Office in mi~took Socia li~m to be a return to the ideals of
thousanrl memhrr~ fr om th r Socialist Partv Ch1cast•, "' as " an urEan iud .. , ~em at1c att empt to Jeffert-onian democracr wandered int o the Social*.
h«.1 ul'tt tht'\' hdit"\ ed in Bot.. he,·i)·m. the !\ ~. ca rr y r,rn•.!m,; re fe reud urns in th~ i ~ teretn o~ th_e P~rt y, a~d natural_!)· the5e "'·ill rema in wi\4 the
ti onal ExN.'u thr Co mmill et' k Ound up tl 1e proceeJ - Ldt ~ mg . In ot her "'·ord!l the :'\. E. C. punt~loat ; R1ght Wmg. and w1ll uhimatcl)· swing it into a -{0 •
in S" "'·it h a "~<tat e n1rnt on Part~· po l icir!~" issued to · lhe lnnpl ngr Federatiom for agitatinf!: for their lure Liberal, or if they become ra1dical Labor
the • ·orld . ....-hkh il' a mh:ture of l i~ and hypocrisy id.:'l:', ju ~ l u!' the capi taliH co urts puni!'h Social iru . Part )"· For the loss of tuch u · these we have no
in abo ut equa l pro port ions. Th i1- st..atement con· for p r OJitl~a ti ng their phiJ n50ph~·.
regy-eU. Their place is not ~n the Social ist mov~
dr mm tht' Peal" e Trea ty of Par i.!, de.:- lar~ iLos sup·
We art' in (o rmed that this act ion wu takrn aher ment and the fl.ooner lhis ia made clear the bctt«
port or SL \'irt R u~~ i a and Co mmuni ~! Hun gary, neA r I ~ lk"O dn~-!' had bctn rh·en to th e matter, and for both them and the movement.
The American "''orking clue must be the hiCk·
protet-1,. a ~ai n~t intf'r\·enti on. ''rt' pud iat ~" the thnt it fdll o"'·f'd the rom ideration of a ' 'ma» ·of
IJ.ernr Confrrem·e. and t:! OC!I on ra:·ord v he ing in document ary mRieri al acc umulated in the 1'\ati onal bone of the Sociali!lt Party, and we of the Left are
fa,·or of.ind u.ctri a l un ioni!'m im tea d or crc h union- Offit·r ". We carl ima ft ine the bo ....-1 ubout " de:moc· indifferent u to "'·l•ether the member. of that
il'm. Fr om th i!' il k ou ld appear th ;l t tl•e :\otional racy" "'·hic-h • ·o•t lcl flO out fr om thi !' u me office i ( ci a~!> are diret'l d~endants of the Piii,D"im fathen
Executi,·e Committ ee' had adopted Ldt \\'ing prin· the District Att omr~· ann ounced that after co1ui d· or are the latest immigrants from the out.ide world.
cipl e!I--UI•t il onr anal yzel' thr dorument.
eri n~ a mM~ of documcnt nry materi al for near I)· Sociali:s m it not • matter of nationality; it ia the.e
The !~L:llemrnt he~i n!!i with thr dec larati on that t\OI·o da~·s hr h111d deci ded to indict lhe N. E: C.! \'ery " leaden" ....,-ho encoura~ the di't'ition or the
" th e Socia li!-t Part ,· at a ll tizr~ co nsi!l entl v and Surrl ~- there are enou~h " fam ll u1-" la"'·yen on the Part y int o Federation• for their own political coda,
uncomprnmi,.i nfd ' ·o pp o~ "'·ar:· Dut "'"e "know i\. E. C_. to know tl~otth is mrth od-"'·here the: pro!.C· • ·ho are no"'· end~\·or ing to d.i~r~ate ~ainlt
th at many of our Party ")eadeh.- includ i n~; the So· cut or, JUd~e ant;l JUTY are one anJ 1he u me, •nd thCK ,·cry Federations. The Soc~alm Pany m tbe
cia list Con,re!ol: mln , "''ere at timf'! in far,or of the ....,-here tl1e ddendarll i!l not C'\"m appriff"d of the futu re ....,.i_ll_J;te a p~i1y of the workr:n in Ainet~
wa!--"to t.a \'e n.u~!- ia:· for example.
fl<'l. th at he il' undrr chArp-~. much less given • and n_o dn·mons . . ,.,11 bt: ne.:eesary , U.Ye perh..p. c
" It t.up porl! "'· ho h•heanW I~- the So\·iet Republ ic he:arin,- i!l not in accord even ,.-jtJ, the bourf['f!Oia occu1 onal languRge branch where the non-Ensliab.
of Ru Si ia and the rommun i~l E'D\ernmenl of Hun· conception of "j u~tice". h i• claimed ahat Stil!-on speakin@: members will be t•ught Ensliab and tbaa
ga r~·. and \"i(:oro u ~ t y prote-t!i- a,:aino,t interventio n, of the Lithuanian Federation, app«"Med and acted turned O\'er to function directly io the moft:IDIISIL
COMMUNIST
prop-«anda, to pro6t bl, .. the prot~ di.tcontew&
· 1 Bwi.Mu
U
T
O
:~~·en~~~~~.:iJ'Ds:i~t!~:. :!:: :·;t:::~~i~~)-~ -.b~ ~j~ ~~t"'"~~1e i~J:l;~u!'li~~· :h:~e.:h·~~;1~:
United Stairs. and ur-.el s all Bo: she,· i~hl or Com·
mun ist.11, ~tipn atizi ng· them .,. ... .anarC'hislb.''
" In GerDJ&n\·, Aul<tria and countr ies !iimilarly
.,;lueted, iu •y,;,palh i.. are wi1h th• more od,·anced
Soeiali;l ~oup>' I in Americ:.o it u~Is ouch
c- ·
r·group~ fr olm thr Part yt .-"in lhrir effort.~ 10 f orce
their ~ot•anmenJJ inlo a m ort' roJical ond immedi·
Ok reali.:Ol ion of t ~ Sociali.J: pro~rom . " This is
eiLl1er a verbo l trick to decei\·e Lhe Part )' rank and
file, or it beers~-, the real incapacity of the Nat ional
E1ecuth·e Comm ittee to undentand the •ituation
in. GermAny, and the Social Re,·olut ioo in general.
The Spartacides and Communists are not making
efToru "lo force their govemmrnts" into anything;
they are tUiemplin& to Ed control of tla.t sowrn·
mt'n.IJ:.
''Jt. realiu:5 the necet-tlity of re-or,ani.Iing the
Socialist Jntem3l ional along morr harmonioua and
radical linet-. The Sociali&t Pan\· of the Uniled
States. U not comm illt'd to the Bern'! Conferrn«,
wh ich he 1ho"''ll ibetr retrograde on manr, vital
pc"inl!, and tolall y devoir! or rreal ive force. ' But
III lO .. il U nol offiliattd wilh 1~ CommunUI Con·
«rt'u of AfoJco ~.t·." Certa inly not ! The rank and
. 6Je won't ttand for the Berne Conference, to which,
oevertheleaa. the !'\. E. C. made a determined at·
tempi to ..commit" us. But ~ain, ' the Moacow
eo.'~h~on
?,. o'u'don,
.. ' ....teomu•."t-ool
' onol.we d betler ".. •it for
_,,
I
"' In the 6eld of domMtic polide," the Socialist
Port)' is uuerly opposed to the ractioniJ')' A. F .
of L looderobip. In vope tera>a, theN. E. C. ~opoo
for "the iaduwioliution of oil DOtionol ODd inter·
utionol uniono." Not • word for the tmalr.illed
oad the uoorsoaioed. Compl<te. oil- oboill tho
L W. W.
•
"Ceru.in ob- how crept mto ·oomo Locols of
the Panv, due to on n.er.ulauioft of the impon·
IIIICeJor proc:ticoJ ~Jitico"; hut OD the other hoad,
"the politico! oc:th·nioo or Americoa Soeiolism mllll
aeither he obmdoned or ....-:uloted." Wholeftr
that may mean. \\>"e pretume that . this it au
UDqualified <Ddor.......,t of the Port)' Coagraoioaol
Plolrorm for 1918, which d... opply to
"cenoin Locolo ," but to the ,.·bole Party. Thio io
the kind or thin! which hu deotroyed the Soeioli.ot
JaO\entent in America ; anc! ;..., AJDOUilt or llatemeull
froDI the N. E. C. " oo the one hoad, oo the other
lload" wiiJ hlind the ronk ODd file of tbe mo........a.
to tbe ..U. of politico! oociol-nf....U.. DJ
The Capitaliat Preaa and the
portant qur:!tion the te\'m FederAtions would
Party Criaia
at;rec to onl~· one reprC!"enlatin, and particularly
a repre5enl nti ve of one or the oumericall y 10\l.ller
th
. r
.)_
groupo, lo otate their r.. poctive CA><O.
e eopll• ul papen """ ""'~ • IJ"I'Il
The \.hole matter otan.U reveoled .. 0 ohamel..,
deal of •poco to the fiP,t in the Soeioli.ot Port)'.
For instance, lu t Sunday the Np; York TribW
pieu of bureaul" rat ic h if!h ·handedne!la and . in view had a two-column atory beaded, drolly enouP. ~
of the way in "'·hich the \'ole for the nt"k' Executive ci alisl Pany Seeb to Purp: lt.ell of Reds".
Cnmmitlee ia fi"' i n~ng to tbe Left, an elevmth·
hour attempt of tl!e ola committee to perpetuate
One of the p-ie\<anoes of the RiPt W~l'ft
.itM'If in office. If the rank and file of the Socialilt against the Left WiDg is that we a.re allepd to hue
Pany coudon~ ihi! act ion, then w~ can congralu· "carried the Party 6gbt ouuide the Puty", ad
late thr te\'CD fede:ration~t or. being removed from confided our wronp to the pD«al p..blic.
the conJam.ination of a Party which ia disgracing
During the past few weeb oar editorial olce md
the nan'le of Sooial i11m, and is attempting to drag headquarten have berea. be.i~ by repone:n !rem
the ft"lo\·ement down to the level of the w'Jnt element the great proflitute newapapen, be.eecbiftt: us to
in Aineric•n m.chine politics.
..give thero a atory" oo the Party situation. Thit
In iUelf the: .ction of the N. £. C. it enough for· we hne repeiledl y\ refuted to do, becauee we COD·
ec.er, to condemn ita perpetrat or&, and the weak aider il none of the public's buaiDeN what pet OD.
ch auvinism of t} e excuaa ·1 b f
d f th
internally in the Party. HoweTer;, when we refaae
action mert'h' adds to the 1 o&~ 1 se,0 ~i:" h:_r ~ to comment 011 Party dain, the nporten iDTaria·
charFtd" sa):, TM Call, '"that the Party bu beea hl y say, ._.Well, I IUPJK* we'll }Wye to 10 ~ to
~.elpleas and defen~leu in this compaip of mD- the Rand School and Bet it from GerbM- nr 1Ae.
repreienlatinn ou·i~~& to 1M inobi.lily of Enili.1J.,
from the ltorie. in the papen, thil U trricllmly
•J~nlrinl m~mbt'rl 10 read 1~ VGriow ltuapDie what the reponen hawe done. TM Thbu.e atory
publication.~ an.d reply". Thu:~ the Party bu heeD above referred to sivee the RiFt Wins arpBBIII
helpln~ becaute the Enslish:r:!in£ memben did in detail. iDclading all the ridiculous aa.d pro._.
not k.now it waa being attack Utd erefore could ~::.~h'::~!~d::~
0~~!~ ~~
not repl y. The foreis:n ·tpealc.in, members,'" aup· ue ·ineopoble of jud«i•s locto for th ......J... thot it "npocto the Revolutioo tomom>w." It CODand ue completrly at the mercy or ..corrupt foreip taina, moreoYer, w pod deal of intimae IOI'iP
wrilen" hoco...., fonooth "" EDslioh~ll which is mdOIIIIJ hems wlriopond - . _ "Jood. ·
eomrode otepped forword a~~d ... them filht. Poor, en" whea thor - . For aomple, the· il!"oront foroisnen, no wo!ldor the Noti0110J Socar· thot the "port)' I - - . f.,. tllot the ltalla F.-..
ity Leosue deopisa yoa l
.
tioa ""'Y ""'"to he apolled, •It lo ~ 110
Whoa tho Americoa c.m.-t hopll .co cJe. ohow oipo of 'l.eft·wizisi-'."
port oliea optoton Tlo< CoU pat • little pietare of
Tho .....,. to whklt TJ. r;u,... 1o 1o1 doe - ' ·
the Stotue of Uhort.J OD the fr- pop-t1111c1a u ......., of the Risht Wills aoy be Jtott.d (,.. ..
Mr. H..,... puto little AIIIOricau Bop iD hio popor-. followm, puqnph :
·
ODd ~All to ooh oboat " democncy"; but D - tbol
"Tho apoUed fonip ( - - . _....... ..
tho Nllioaol Eucutift CoiDIDi- decideo to de- ouch lootlon a Morrio Blllqglt. Jullta Corbor, AJ.
pon tho fo,.isaa:o from the Soeioliol P<uty, Tlw . lfi"IOil Lee, c-1!" Goebof ODd At!f!j ..c.-•
1pat ~ tb1J
Call teYUIJ ita true MD~ &a it• beadliDe o._ .....
_ t ~~Da
.
......
.
the IIOI')'. · "N. E. C. Swpeuclo Delioat Groupo of
~ A-.
Fo"'il!" Bom," it obri.U,
the fa .....
• 'Vr'hot IDIIJ he soocl iD R.U..., .. _,.bed
th... l!l'oupo ...., alieu, a~~d implyias tlw foreip iD tho Uaitod Stoua.' thor UJ. 'ADd ,.. .-doe
hom ~toul" wiiJ . oaly he toleroted if they ore not ottempt of poople wha an ipwoat of. Am.U .....
de6ant. Tbil ia euctly the Natiooal Securily her problema to dielate to .. bow ... M.al\ ... oar
Leogue ideo-fo"'ii!D<" coa oaly nmoin bon 10 party'."
lona u thor on oahmiool,.,
·
ADd ., 1M ~ ~c--.. Mo- ,
. 1-..lowo Ia lbe capltoliol F- J.r pelled -a1 lonip
Part,,
ALL
'f:
h-:a • ...."
m-ms
t-.......o (,.. ..
I'
..=:
�The New York Comm....Ut
J.
Strike ·A.gainst the Bosses!
· By Carl Brodtky
The
Ri@bl Wine; ia C01'11inually pratin(l: about
Democracy. Let u• eumine the rn::cot actioru of
the Part)· ofbc &aldom in the light o£ itt own pro·
feued principle..
Suppo.c a group of Coinrad~ in the Sori11list
P~tr1)" da:1ded to draw up a Maniluto and Pro·
p;ram enduning the T\on·l'artiliMI l..ea@Ue, and demanded a referendum ur..on it.
Suppo)C Jle !\'e"· )'ork Sttle Executh·e Corr.mil·
tee decided that the.e Cornradc:s "·en violating the
c.on!<litut1on of the Socialist Part)' in offering this
Manif~to and Pro11'am ; and this Committee de·
cidrJ to 'te\·oke 1he charteu of a ll Locala "'·hich had
permiued Dranchel' in tl1eir territory to endone the
Manifesto, and al1o to CIJ)el any membt-r aligning
hitm(Jf with Jhe group r~pon\ible for the docu·
m~:nt
'
·
Suppoie the Comminee then d«idt'd to .. ubmit
it!> action to a referendum o f th,. [,\TIHE \IEMDEHSH IP. You "''ould u.en \ 'O(t" u )'OU believed,
for th~~ intere~~b of the Party; and when lhe re.
fiuh haJ , been announced you "''ouid ajlrt'f'!, .,.·hate\·er your opini,m on the que8tion, that it bad lieeb
l i '!!llcd hone11tl\·.
Or 11uppot-e ~ne or two Loca l!I had ~ndon:d thil
M onif~~~ot o. and, fet-linF rhut l ht)' \oould like to in·
tr:re!>l the enrire memknhip, had maile(' <'opies of
i: all on:r the rouul r~, and arouo.ed er.ouf!h wontiment to h:•,·e tlte qu~tio n di~oeu~ -.ed at n Partv Connntion . .f \\'ould ~ uu 110 1 a~rcx- thAt the ProJ.er
th1nE £Qt Part\ ntcrnhen to do " ould lie to elect
and itl~ tru'cr )hrir del t;fttl~ to this Con\'cntion?
\\'ou ld you not ft"f!l that hif!h·han<lt·d methods had
Leen u~-ed if the Polrt~ ofltcia l.. -f'xpdl~d some COf!l·
udes hcfore th~,. hud it ch anc~ to t-end their dele·
~ares to tJ,~ Com:ention '!
The world hat. l~n throuJ!h f,,.e yean of the
most te-rrible hlood~hr-d. n.e lnteroallonal Socilllist mo,·ement in aiJ part' of tl1e "'·orld ha!! been ef·
fected In· the " ·ar. Jn aome countrie.:- the Sociali!lt
partieJI ~·enl O\'Cr com:rl~td y io the imperial istic
voup!i, le11den l.etra)'e the mau~; in other co•.m·
tries rt.:\'Oiutior., tool placc~leaden atood true to
the principle.; of re,·olutionary Socialism.
finalh· the "'·ar came to an ~nd.
We in. America, a11 a pan of the lnttmitional
mo··cmtnt, alao dcclded tl1at our Party lad beeu
effected by the wari that certain leaden and ol·
cials had not Jllood the test in acco:da.nce y,·ilh oW'
principles. EVERYOi\E ap-eed that a chan@e in
policies and tactics wu aeeeaury.
/
rer-
0
0
are
-=·
'The Party and the l;lerne Conference
Eadm~DD
By
the lut i11ue of TM Socia/W Comnde J•me,
Oneal contributes an article under the above
0
•
.he
IN
"·ith a memMn:~ip of more than 30,000--and .lhil.
aay5 Tla Trib
·
rt (
1 f ..Ame ·
. iution"~
un~. 11 pa 0 1 pan or
rJeaD·
..The Ri~ht ";in~... r.ayt The Tribunr, with the
. ume tone n£ authorit)·, ''charp that the Left
Wingen really believe in ,·iolmce, but do not have
the coura!e to come out anJ uy ao in the o~n."
lo the New York Tinu1 o( Saturday lui there ia
another story headed, "Socialiau Here Aim ·to
Purge Party," wbich contaio.8 an inttte~ti.Dg little
inten;ew with Alderm.&D Lee, and another with an
unnamed "'promioeot SocialiR leader". Alclermu
. Lee 81'1\'ely informs the bourpoi.& joumalilla that
"'the question• involved are not queetiooa of Social·
i.t principle, but que~tioru of y,·bethcr the party
or@aniution aha II be maintained along democratic
lines, with Lhe majority rulin@ and the minority
abiding by the maiority rule." The Alclermu ;.
evid~tly afraid that il will be.
A. for the anonymOua ..leader"'. be i.Dt.imatea that
the Left WiD@ ie "'i.ndul«ing in looee tallr. about
things they do uot undentand." He eada u fol·
Iowa: ..Bulin my opinion no oM who amounb to
anything in our Party eovncila il in. !nor of 'd.i·
""" oction', iavolrins· the immediate oeisure aad
utionalization of indua.""'"' •nd other forcible
meuureo .of a mroluticmary clwacter."
The lateot example ;. an imerriew with Juliu
G..rber in .T~ Tribun• of Tueodav, Juae 3d. iD
· which he oay. that the Left Wins c:aD "join tbe Sal·
't8tioa Anny." He eeatinua.. iD a truly pro~·
tive ..ln, "We doa't wam them iD our Party. A.
ru at we are coocemed, they are out o£ the Pan,...
and they will ,..y out. The Left Wiapo are DOW
call ins Man...., tbe Boltberilt ~ here,
a 'cou.oter·revolutiollill', bee.- be
to ally
himoelf with them. which olio- that they uo DOl
Bolobniki but oimply troubl•makuL"
The ,_loci biau that !!>. Left Win& ;.. OUIIide
the law, gi..., by Loe and Gerbo. to tbe capitaliat
p,_; the uploitation of Comrade Manor.o. iD tho
coluiDDI of Tile Tr~ "l!aiaot tho Left Winsaro on a par with lbe employmeat of tho polioe by
" ' - Ri&ht Wini!"I'O asaiaat Socialiot Party ben. Scbeidemann lKticl, pure and aimple.
Aod lhc upiu.IUC preu, whirb only a few 'weeki
ago waa calling theae aame R.igbl Winsen "'Gama.a
opi,." rad "llol•heviki", io DOW praioillj; them
wandly, o:>d condemniaa tho Left WinBo
Socialiota ""' bowa liy lbe OOIIIpaiiY !hoy . _
A p-oup of Comnde. iuued a Manife.to a.ad
Thio io all that .Joe Laft Wins b.u -........
Program. endorr.ing the Ru•t.ian Bolsheviki, the Aad the .,..wer of tbe Parl)o o6cialo io:
Cert!'!!' Sp.nt:~cana, and otht'r Left \\'iug elemenu
BEFORE the balloto oo the n:fen:adam apel).
,, the lnternat i'onal mo\'cment, aod funhermure ins Left Win! Branchea had been diatributod, Lalating that in their opinion tht: tactics of thoc .el• drecb of Co.....ad.. were ezpellod or niuaed hal·
mcnb •hawed the way for the final emancipatioo loto
of ~e proletariat. of all ~ c:ountrim. They WJ· .,. For the moment the i11ue hu .rutted froia. • .U.. ..
equiVoc~ll)· rf!pud.lat.e-d the other element. of the pie quntioo o( oppotinK principles, to the ~Jntemat.onnl Soc•alu.a rjlo\'ement, and demanded of Pany control and b015iam. Wbelber J'Ga apw
thst the Amt-rican Socialist Party adopt the polic:ie. wi.th-c.he Leh Win@ Manife.to or Dot, you will ..-.
and tartic!i of the re,·olutionary European group.. ta~nly r~t tl1ea.e wholc:ule expulaiona. the Boe ,
After a fe-w v.·eck.s of agitation "''ithin the Party D1ctatonh1p of the Pany. It il up to YOU, COM·
tl1rr auccecdcd in intere!iting a fe• bundred Com· RADES, to make clear to tbe Party ' - - ODd af.
rades in their Manifesto; and these Com'radee, .be· fic1al1 that no auch action will be tolerated. All r
lie\'ing it for the best ifltereiL'I of the Party that the Corura<t,a ol.ould vote 'on thi.o ~011 and abeGJd
entire membeuhip all 'over the country •hould bt: C&!'~ thtir ballot.e Cor delesat.ea to
P,JIIlioial
infurmed of their belieh do3Cided to or@ani.u in £mersency Co~ventioD, at which \be Left WU.,
order to co·ordinate the y,·ork and l)'llematiu: the Manifeflo will be di~tuued and tho qiMIIlioo • ·
propasauda, and to that e:-td elected coinmittees and &led one W&)' or another- but not Ldore tbe ruk
e corre!>ponding .ecrelolry.
and 61e bu bo.n hoard.
The !'\ew York State Comnface decided to reCO~RADES! A oca1 it the moot cootemptihla
,.bJ.:e the charter of l'lny l..oc~tl endonin~ this Mani·
cr~luac: "u "r;th· CoD~Ciou.lr or UDCODaCiOuly,
(esto 3JIJ Progum. or permiuin@ it.s Brarw:hes and
tryiDc 10'
member! !~ c=~o rfi.C il. The Commiuee: on it. own ~:r ~~~tnlt the. wOJ'ken who
"t'bpunLibility, d«ided that thiti Manifesto w. ..
Forty thou..nd Comradeo ha"' beoa lochd o.t
"•narchistic''. n.c Committee d«ided IO •ubmit
the que:-tion IO a ref~rcndum of tJ1e cnJirc ttll:m• of the Social is• l'o'1y, becaute they clwDpioaed the
bt:rlhip-Lut herore the ballots were di..tributtd rt:\'olutionG.r}' "'·orldng elau. 1na National Eucahundred11 of Comrndes v.·ere deprh·td of their th·e Comr:-.ill.t hiJ upelled the Mithi@AD Sute 01'·
(1:811iution. the Ruuian FederatioDJ, and m&DJ Encmcrnbrr~t. i r>-wholc Loc::tl& beintt espelled bodily
fr om the PartY and denied anv red.re!!i. Thetoe are liilh 8rar.·he1-. A) I Comradet •ho aup~n the
tion
the Party ol6cialdom ,are. SCABBING ON
the fact~. H~, the Statt Co,;.mittec acted accord· THE of
RA."\K AND fiLE.
•
.
in@- to "democratic'' pril,cipler-?
Demand
from )'Our Branch re.olutioras ~
For tl1e wake ·of ar@:Ument. let us tuppor.e that the
inE' this tction. Do:1't IC.ah on a.s! . I>emand that
~ft \\'ins Maniresto-in the "·ords o r a Rip.t
\\'in,:er-i!i ''rJi!act ionary, an11rchiuic and t :topian"'. the- \'ole on all referendwm an.d .XI~Ilei be made
Dou't ~·ou think that "'·ith a Cree, open diKUJo! ion public~ Demand a rcinst.at.ement of all apelled
and a FAIR VOTE, you are c4paLir or dccidio@ Pmy mmtbert at ooce. or BQ out OD lllriU ~
~he Pany .olkialdom uatil th.il action il reacUMWI
U,eque.aion?
'
1£ vou do Dl)t ltand with ut now, you."'paft 1M
Do you..."·•nt your th i n~ing done for you by the
Pany officialt ? ,Don't you -.·anl to vol.l! for dc:le· • ·ay lor your ,own upuhioo at aome (IJblre tiiaa.
•
trate!t to tht Emergency National Connntion? when yo'J diffei with the Party leaden.
You :1re eiiher ror a Party uoder the d.datonhlp
Wouldn't you feel .t your ri~ht to be aLie to di•·
cus! th i1 matter in yOur- Branch? And woUldn't of the uok and file, or a Party tioder tbe dicoat«·
·
you brand •~ C')WARDLY any ~uppreNion of opia· ol.ip of the Party " - .
\OHERE DO YOU STAND!
ion in the Party by the Party oi.cialt?
heading. in "''hi~h he allempU to justify the
N.. E. C"e actionJ "'' ith re~~:ard to the Bcme Coa·
fereoce,. In the ·courae of )1ii defenae he cites a
com·erution "fith me in TM Col/ oBicc wme few
dayfi btforc he ~~ailed. I wu atthat·timc A»ociate
Editor of TI~.C R~olutWRDry' A,t. whieb had eontinuoush· attacked the N. E. C'a attitude and act.iooa
from the moment that hody •ppointed lhree meu
to anend the Lauaao.ne Coofcreoce (_, it wu thea'
called).
· A. (n u Jam aware theN. E. C. bas MVer pub.
licly. repudiated ita initial action, and it is COlD·
mon knbwledp that Lee m.ade vi,orou.t eifona to
obtain a paupon. and that only the Kt.ion of the
AIMrican Govenunent prevented the Party'• beins
repreoentcd 11 ll«De. In T~ R..ol"'i<l11417 A&• 11
wu augtested that at le.ut the Pany could MDd
delesiltes for ito.forrntJlion, in the ume way that the
halian Soci•list Pany Kilt npruentaliv~ to the
lnterallied Socia)Ut Corlferenee iD London dW'iDS
the war; 11 at that time we bad no informalioa
about the Con£erence whateTer, e:scept Jh1t it wu
oficially caltod by a sroup which had bdrayod
Socialism.
The ...temeat by Comrade Oueal it the 6.nl
iatimatioa we ba.. had that lbe Nali..,.) ~
Co!IUDittO. vot~ to repudiate uy iDt<raatioi.al ;,
which the Bollh<;lll .iad Spartac:ideo wen: aot ;...
cludedi aad u far u 11a c.aa ucert.aia it il tbe
finl .U. the Party......benhip hod hoard of ""Y
0
MacAlpiDe
]( Comnde ODW
le(t a lltatemtDt wilb &__,.
r.t.cDo1111ld, "by don not &he Party ~
know "·hat ia in that lllltement? Evea DOW we liN
in ignoriiK'e of What po.itiou•tbe Pany. lau be.
committed to with rq:ard to tbe Europeu
IIIOft>o
menl. TM. CoU aod the Natiobal Oh. both Uw
the chanaela of publicity at their coiDIILADf[
ndt Oneal ia ooe of TM Coll'• ecli1orial ~
yet TM Call hu nenr repudiated Bene 10 far •
we Are aware. Comr•de Oneal'• •orill aboat ..
EW'opean b ip are merely the ltoriel UIJ' nctal
oew11paper correspoodeut would wrilei tber P..
no hiot of hil 61ieial ..W.io11. No o6cial nport
hu been receiYCCI from Comrade o-1, lllil;t. ·
through the prM~, or duoqb tbe ~ar ..._..
meec.iDp of tbe' Party.
.
'
Even after Comude Ooeera article ill flttr S..
ciolu1, we ""' otill ia the darlt. A. for • 0. ....
and file i. aware the Natioal Esa:atift ~
bu not repudiated iu fint ld.iOA,. which WM 1D .,.
cepl Huyan:aanD~' iqritation ud u~,. ~
del~a&ee to the Berne Ccmf..-; IHII'
priv.te in(ormatiOD oa tbe l&lb~ ~ t:;be U.. I
apoke l<" Corunde ODeal the lk..me
a thins of the put, 11Dd DOithor be ... ..,,_. aloo
could adi!Dd ~
· medinp. lt il quite tna .e ooeW
ha.., @OIMI'tO
IIIIDd, bat al ll>al- lbe s-.1
lnteraati....l w thoroqhly cliacrodltooL
The wllole 'J'MIIiioa of, wiUdo 1 - . . - t il..
Party ahould joiD b.u Olritatad lbe I•
.ame moa:.t*. 'The Left "RiDe ba bpt ap •...,
tiauoua ~iom ftf the' Nati....l ~C.. ,
mJttee•• anitucle em dlil, IDittlr, IIDil
lldl
1... ...,.....,t-wbiclo DOIII.iD8-.....
II• ~ bowa of ila dotialoa ID clO. ........
Loft W~ a«natod for. · Tbe Natl.al .~
Siotowy npliod to an anicle ) .- I a flw ._,
~ Ap ..,.;dod, "Wo .... a Nat;.al
~- c....;..d011." Hlo nply WM . . . . . . .
tl.e.. ·oo-·two· moatba qo, ud..,.. ............
any ._alutioa repucliatiallbe.Saooecl ~
U .c-ade Oaoal io oorrecdy iD!.W...S .....
. the N. E. ·.C'a actioa. wby wu It _ , . f• . .
Conll"llllraDch or Local lloatOo to ialtiate
dwn ..D," •b.ic:h rud. u follow: .,.., Mi S..
t:W&Iill Party M.U JIIGI1ieipau 01&11 U. ~ / -~ c~, or COIII/UeltOI o.u.l
...
C--"' I'MfT o . . . .
ea..
aan.·r _,
r...r.-..,.
aDCh deciaioo.
IIIith rqanl to Coauade o-J'a riloi! to E;,..
he • -in:ly miolakea about 'our coa..,..tioa. I
did nprwa my belief iD Comr,odo Oueal'a penona1
iDt.e,Jrity, and atalod that I coPOidm>d that be por·
.....lly would be a aatW'aeto,.Y delopte If be were
properly doctod. I funher ,,..ted that I holirrod
he wouod poobably be elocted oa ·a ref-.!but that I wu morallr _..u, that Loe would ....d the. pat of. a cbanoe; and th1 the oaly
clo:IOf!""'" tho -w.r.hip would cboow would be
inotruo:tod to have Dothias to do with the llenoo
G.ng of Social·traitora. In tddition I told him tJw
no mau.a what h.U imtructiona were. Llie raak J
file of the P•ny-would believe he ... aoios to lhe
Second lotentationa~ and that tho· N. E. C. bad
al.>lutaly ao rjpt to -.1 a del..... to ElUOpo (BoWinW) .,.J ... c:-..iol UMI
wd.bout the ol tho -"nllip.
c.._,. rs~r,
...,.A ,..,;.;,..... ,...
-!'!
w..-.
... .,
�••
Why Political Democracy Must Go
By Joba Reecl
T
Vl
te. prnved 1hat Socia fUm bad become .cell·
,l £ foundati on of the Sociali.t Parry of .Am£so.
matizt"d. Born of P opulis m, Crecn backUm.
and Trade Lnionif-m , it -.·a jj ~aftt"d on to a Soci alist
tnd.itiun "'·bov. r<>Ofl important ancator lu:d been
the tear b inp of r erdinand Lata lie, imported into
lL is co unl rv &honh· aher lh<" Ch·il U'ar. It wu
don;.; nated h)' th t pr.eui l i n~American belief that the
Lall ot rontro llcd Ute Statt, 11.nd that lhe State could
br conq uered for the "''orking dan by the balloL
AI tht L.r~tinnin g il " " M,i ll rr,·oluti onary-Uut ia
IO W )", ic aimed at tht capture of p olitical power.
uatt ia nd out of Coolf'ML
Deh:.,
-.-.·.
..
.:J
~~; ~=h~:,~ra.s;.~~= ~~drr!:n.thJe,;:Mcoo=
ALrah.m Lncolo--to ktTp out of [ wopeao troublea. . .
- nw i8 the I"CMMQ •br - dnnud ~ lc-Pa]at.ioa dopri,.ina anr citiua or ~f)XI ra t.iun of all rro6u frvm We
..Je of Yl.l IUp plin for t!le Ameriua an.c:rnmr.at.
-~hn7 Hcpublica.. &Dd Dn.ocnt.a belin-ed ud .ud
th~~':"Soci.J·~ ~
-Soc,c.Ji..m iJ
DOC
Boltbf!"'"Um.
co1Jn'1i•c o'I"'Drn.b ip of the
tM
IDNDI
o1
;:i.l~ r:c!d~:odu~ :~n.:::=~:w!:!tab!:l~m~
~~ ~~~~~t;~~~ea ;~~;-~;o;:Je~:~~:!•;/'l!:b:r~ ~·uh•m.
alre&d }' ~ro •-n powerful. lru.lead of try ln1 to cr.
ate a r i\·a l la bor organU111tion, it realized that thia
WM impM!o ib le, and k't ouc to capture for Sociali!m
lbe or~anlulton alre~d)· exillting.
In all resp«:l!, therefore, the Soci. lill P~ wu
appuent ly eq~.oipJ.W to enter the political struggle
wiUt the capi t ali~<t ci&.Wl for power. And th is it prooeedl""d to do Mt once, • ·ith ru ults • ·h i.ch justified ita
bci ief l11 :t.l at la!"t Lhe cotuLination had been disc:overcd hy .-h ich Soda li ~m could be made altracti ve
lo Amtrican workmen.
The fint n a ~ iona l, c.o.mp.ai, - that of 1~
tahulated 87,B l-i \'OI~ !or the Sociali~1 Party.
"'ho ""'lb \'er:~· popul ar - ·itlt the ,_·orkcra b&
c.au ~ (If h i~~o acti\ tlies in lhe American Railway
lioi on, rru~de a foe: rl tS of 1-JJ«I.acu la.r camp ai gns for
the )'re.cidt:nq, r ul min:~linF in 1912 - ·ich 'he roun·
lry· • ·idr tour of tht " Jt,.d SJH:Cial." ,_-11en the Pany
r ollrd Up almo~ a million ,·ot~. And this last
c-.amp aiFn \o\ :U. rarnt'd on in the face u ( RooY" \'ch'a
dramatic cr u:ooade !or " ...oci:d ju ~ t ice ,' ' • ·herein the
Pr c.p~i,·e P aM~· h:n.l inco rporated maity of the
plan~~ fr om tJ1e Sociai L~ 'piaU or~
'
At the t.amc timt th e Soc ia! !su in various parts of
the cuuntry: electtd toHera! mtmben of S tate LegUltttarca, c:icv aldernien aud adminhtratin officia iL
The most 'u r ikmg n ampl" of Soc ia l ~ politica l
tucre;f wu in the Ci t'' •o£ ~l il •·o ukce . - ·here Bcr·
ll~r w tu l' l«t•d Aldtrm3 n~ at -LarJ!C. and final!~· Emil
St'idel " ' 1\b cll'{'tcd ;\1 n~·or , " ·ith a lar~e proportion
u ( t.ht' Ci ty Co uocil compokd of Socia lists. For •
time, indeed, Mil"·:~uker • ·a.s loolr;ed up to by
Amer ican Socia lists L 'i a thining example ol "'hit
Socia list political act i~:-: co uld do-j ust o:u, !:.;:((Ire
the war , Germanv dominated tHe International b&
ca~ or i~ po.:erful party organization and iu
million s o! votc:e.
·
The real c:t:Mrp:en~ of Socia lism upon the .._rena
of the politic11 l ft{l:hl, ho• ·C'\·cr, did not occur until
19 10, when \ iclor ~rf!tr \o\' 1.!1 clecled Mtmber of
the Hnu!oC o r H rpre!C11( fl li\· ~ for the Fifth Wit<OD•
• in Oi~lrict , and £or the fm1t ti me a rtpre5entath·e
of tht PaMy of tht' • ·urk inp:-clas.s took hi" ~~tat in
L'-le Con~eM of the Uniced tatca. the highe5t laW·
mak in! Wy. Be !.At for ••·o t c~; and then ,
ahcr a laptoe of J•·o yean , Mc~·er London o£ New
York aucceeded him aJI Repr~ntative, to be fol·
lowed &.@•in in 19 18 by the re~lcction of Berger.
. II ia '!nt neccs._'-D r)' hrre to I!O into the record of
Victor Ber~ter L"i fi n: c ~np~sinnal Representat ive
or the working cia!'! Part)'· Hi!o fir!!l .ct W&! to
eut his l"Ote for a ~u b!tiiUte to the d irect electi on
of Senator~ HOi maiden speech contained not one
oriill!lc rdcrence either to the Socia list International
or to the interest or the - ·orkinfl:-c lus as •uch; it
wu a purely reformi st criticism of the capit.ali.R
Mate. The mo!t J:~li ent fea ture of his tenure nf
olioc waa the introductior. of mild LIOCial reform It«ialation,
wh k h his· Old Age Pension bill ia char·
actcristic. for r.umple. the pension was to accrue
only ahcr the workrr'1 aixtieth ye.r-and it ia a
well-known fact that the a,.era,-e life of an Ame:ri·
~n industrial worker is fort y yean. h was to~
denied to anyone ron,·irted of a "fclony"---ncn
tuch a " felon y.. as that of which Victor Ber!f:r DOW
-.ncb c:onvieted by the capitalist courts. It wu to
be denied to anyone, no matte-r how old. who had
u iDc:ome of tiJ: dollan per waek. And finall y, all
.. unnanarali.led alirnt", which compo.e the -.ut
=-r·pridod
...
~. ;. j..;,•...:...
~.-:·.~aa . - .
!"'!'::·.:~ R::~U: .:'d O:Z
LA;; :e '!::,''bc,~
. . ...·
aa:~e- ~fiUDWlilu
., ~
produor ud coa.~ iD com·
·Soti.lli.t.m., howl"'"n'. •-~ to t-ootrol only productiYe
upu&l-aot .U propr:-t ,J,. A Suc.Jalitt commo'lwt>altb will
waat
to
b~~ ~:r-/::1:1, ·~~ i~~,.l;:Ji::;:_:.opu:~i':oci~' 0!:;!:
...._,. earital.
·
"t
~~mJDUAiMa daU. ~da.al owncnJUp \(,aU ~
..llw ~lah~ i•a daa.rnu ta~r pvlia.mcnliJT action. They
p~frr dtnoct an_10o Uld l.br dm a1 or•hip of the prolet.ri.at.
The &l.ht"'t~• •ant to Lreak entirely with the put
•nd •tar1 anrw. The ~ i,~J,.., cl o not bel1n-e tluit a com·
pl~{r :r:-:,r;.ttJe i~:.:-:~i;,i~~;-~,:I~Plc. the in" ita·
ble outn me Lt utl ~ tt 1 th
1
L..
•
ce~IIH'tl"t,l )' of thr M~r ~'m,.:.r:il'P:..du~~:CI~ !J'd7.:ib0u~
~~~~·_s!:~.~nn fur the nation u a wbol--...od that;.
'"The mu.. o"" th•t th• SocWi.u will take-mut c:lOMJ, rtturu·ct •·bh 1hr pre.tnt •'•tern and M'oi "" fr oiD it.
"'Titr Sut-ialim bel1r-Ye th.at f'TCI')lh in.-: that t. oecma.ary
fo_r t,he lilf' of the n•t ion-for Jbt- •nJo~mrnt of e•erybod y
• 1 !·~::":~~~~:a~'~r1:;' 1;: :~-~::a~ 1 j0 ~·;r;,ea~~.m:~dlld·,.;~'· ~P:
m~n: of th.e ltttf"-the ~all' i• tr own and manarc. . . . .
[ •t'T'Jo th•nr th.l t iJ DN'taaary lor the lift aod d"eJopmen!. 01 the Clt~ -c..ht cit~ i. 10 own and m•n&«e. , .. .
~-~~~J7:~~1.!i~u~ ~c10"'0'!!;1 dau:~ :::.;;nTh'!
p_lr nly of 11:111upr-. ld1 lor the initiali'f'e of l.bt iadi·
•iJual."
Thi& i§ nol11inF hut State Capitnlism in its most
~omf,l~e form._ ~1r. Hf'AI!'il will ch«rfull~- endorae
JL ." Jt there lJ not a word to indicate that the pro.lnanat mu1t control the Stale, an.i that it mu st, u
Man: po inl!' out, break do"·n the capi talist State
apparatu,o and re-build 1ne•· the entire mach inery
o_f go,·~rnmmt and o f prod ur1i on. There ia very
hulr diffcnnce between th i!" ideal and the industr ial orflanUation of imperial 6ennany before the .
war .
Meyer London'• carcc;: in Congre:u beftan !ittle
~t~r. l.n a apecch Lluppbning the lone!- bill ghing
cthz~mhtp to the P on o Ricans, London threatened
that if ConpeM de-pied the ball ot to theM! people it
would be placinp: in their hands " the bomb of the
fC'\'oluti oni't and the 'u~!i n ' @ knife." lmrn&diacel)· the Houtc "''.u in an upr.Jar; the mcmben
!tc~J~: threatened tn at they - ·ould dii'Cipline the
Soc1a ltst ConpeN'mllll unleu he withdrew his remarks, a.o Soc-ialist Conp~man Me\'tt London
1
':illf!
opolo~iud on.J Gk IW v.•ords.
.
From that ti~ on, outside or a few t!lpecche COD·
cerninp- the h o~in~ 11ituation in the Distr ict of Co-
br tbe City Cow.ciJ of MU.....po;;.
cUoiuu.
ap.... lAo s..
But ~ft~ all it_ie not the.e eumplc. of the failan
of Soc1a liat offictal• in oSier whXb forms the mac
da~~!'g dr~~natratioo of the failure of old«yle
Soctalt l'l pol u10al action. 'The War intmai6ed .DC!
Lroujlhl out the rul n ature of politicaJ power aDd
control. for eu..mple, in cum where the Socialilta
:;~l~!:c!~~~! ~:d 1t:i~~'!:d :C!~~::~i~
n~apo li s , for .inrtanc:e, Ma yor Van Lear ba'fin« mamfmed • m1ld hospitality towud free tpeec.~ the
StJtte govemmentJromptly took 1way bia police
power aJtd @'O'·ern the cit y throu«h the St.ate Coe·
cil of N11ti~nal Defenae, which wu compotcd of the
repret!entall\'et o£ big buainea. Mayor Hoa.n.. So-ciali~ Ma yor of Mil~aukee, wu completely di..-etted
"f full... powc~ . al a ~rty e~:ecutin by the husiocu in·
l u~t!t of U a.c on111n acting through the GoverDOr
and Council ·of National Dd'enae. In Cle..-el&Dd
two Soc ia~ Uu were elected. to the City Couocil ;
one was dtsbarnd , Lecau.ae a woman reported that
twelve months ~ fo re be had becu heard to uy tha.l
he did not ~litve in the Hed Cro......,_qd the otbcr
Councilman •·u e1pelled b«o.u...e J.,e belon1 eJ 1.o
• ·~ scun.e poliJicDJ Party as AU col~. Victor
lkrJler ran for United S tale& Stnatc in Wi.econsiD
in the Spring of 1918. ln order to prevent him
fr om taking his ~t. the bwineu intercsta of hi.
~t ate and of the country at lar~ I«W'ai hi.a U,.
d ictm~t in the frdc-ral CoUI'ls, on cbarp much
r~, grne than those upon whtr.h many Soci.a.JitU
had alread~- been acquiued. . Be.r«tt then ran for
the H ~u~ of Rep~tfentativct-. 1lu. w.aa the 1iP&I
for at til furt~er andictmenll. & wu elec&.ed by
an oveno·hr lmmg voto-and another indictmcut w11
dapJICd upon him ; and after the a..rmirtic.e bad hem
s.igned , Der~;er was tried and conrieted. and ..,.
·
tenced to t•·enty yean in jail.
At the heittht of r!.e Socialit:l Party'• cart~!~' in
19 12. m(lre than nine hundred •otc. were ca.st 'ror
it5 P~idential_ candidate--abo.w on.e-fifkt'nJA of
1M en.tlrf'_tJOk cOJl /or PreJidenJ,ond OM·•istlaof Uw
bol/ou Ca.J I for Jroodrow JriL.on., tAL w~ ccmdiJoJ,. R o u ~hly. the Democratic and Republicul
el ectorate ~u rr~r~ted in Cobgrcaa proportiooall~- lo the1r Pr~•denttal •ote: but the Progrceai..-.
-the Pany of the ~bel nnall property owncnwa.a not npre~oented in proponion to ill Tote · ll1lll
Wlou,
th. SociolistJ, u·ith ""'·fi/t<<nlh of oil 1M
O M Congrumum, althou,JJ on the f8Ce of it:
they wn:e entitl~ .to about thirty. Troe. m.my
Congreuaonal DutriCtJ had DO electiona iD 1912·
but thia doe:8 not alter the eMe:Dtial truth of ~
atatement. lo:. Europe the .dc-Yelopmem of .uch
political Jtnn~ by any Partr would hnt! im·
mediatel y ~o-·ed in the kgi1la1i.-e ~; thia il
true e'\'eo an Gennany, in •pile of Rlltrd.iooa to
the. f ranchi8e. But in Americlt it ean be rwdily
' o'
aeen that. althoudl political demoency more or
leu accurately reilccta the companllift ..-ength of
the bour~i> partie&, it oper.... 1o bloek tbe adequate reprumtatioo of all cl.- comauiia.s widJ .
the great capit&li.ata for St.te c:oalrol.
'l'l'hy ;. Ibis .. ? Why ;. it that iD Europe tho
poiitical Sociaiitt movemmt wu able to deftlop
great •t:re:nP in the legillati..-e bodiel. aod cur·
ciae an imj>on.ant influence oa tbe Go.emmcata?
Thit reaulu £rom the fact thai: notDh.ere in &A.t
100r/.d i-1 ~ ~pil.oJUJ do.u ID llrO"!lT 0;1-u.J
anJ ~o finnlyllllTenc.J..ed or in AI'IWtrico.. i..n America.
from the 6r.t._ the capitaiUtt d . . coa!rolled tbe
Sute, and the-re wu DO other clue iD IOcidy a ·
oept the workinf!; ci&JL ln Ecrrope tbe eepi~
clnaa bad to fi8hl •8ainll tbe ......,...,. of tbe feudal
cle.u. Almost up to the Gn.t War, iu ,ao~e pana
of Europe there WU a Ju.a) rnoJat.iOD SOizl« OD!
lumbia ancf.othp minor matlers of that .an, Con·
gt'e!l!irn.a.&l London remained. lilent. On the reeolu ·
lion d~ larine- war 0~ ~rman y. he voted .. nay" . On
themtlttary appropnat JOn, however , he d&dnotttOk
Fin ally. the fearful preseure engendtrcd by th~
war, and the a.auge pattiotic penccution in the
Conp~s bent do"-n h is )lalf-hear~ resimance~ .a
~al in 19 18 he was the Conpeuman eelecte-:1 to deln-er a.n address of eulogy commemorating the third
anni\·enary or Ital y'• t21lri.DCe into the war!
Talcen to tuk by hiJ c:omr~tde5 in New York for
his chauvinistic ctterances, Comrade London declar~..-d that although boni a forciP'eT, he had bt,en
made in America . and he • ould be true to bia
country: furthermore. he added thar he was re- the capital® ...... Jtti.U.s witb tbo driD8 r ...c~a~
•pon5ible to all h ie conllituml!t--and that theee l)'!ltr:m lo !&-In coatrol of the St.te, ad the riaiD&
c:onstitumta were not onl :r Socia lim (workin@' men) prolet.ariat wU :ala.o beginnins to hattie for powe.
but oil 1M peopk ofla.i.r JUtrict. The dia..troUI Both feudal cl . . and capitaliab ....! tho wor!mi,
records of Soc:iali ... e:la:ted to oSce are endleu. cl.ua att"iDSI ooc:b otber, aDd tb1» tbe Socialilb lJ&.
Ma yor Seidel of Milwauker 1ppointed ~aoy non· came e imponant !-=tor betwem the two ~
Socialiats to poet& in the city ad.mini.tration, and -.lin8 cl .... factio... ADd tbua, abo.e aU doe ·
=lo:-:1}' of the ....t expiOJted ooc:tioD of the Amer- when <rilicioed. doc:IIIJ'Od llw he ...p....mled all tho capitaliato ....,.. c:ompelled to fi!lill ;., two
icaa work.ia8 c1 .... wen barred.
peopl~DOt merely the Soc:ialilr Party. Mayor t.iora at ODCe. md iD the _.,wlaiJe. 10 p.e cceAdd to lh1a Berp'• oppo.ihoo to WomaD SW- LUilD of ScheDectady d;d tbe a.ame ' thin@'; wbeo .-ioao "' tho wo~ c1ua ;.. ,..,., r. 1111 aid
•
fr~. on the sround that women were largely dom· taka to 'taak for 1m UD-Socialiltic behnior, the apimt tho foadal ~
Ia America, b o - . tbore 110 foadal clua
iDated by rel i~on. and would therefore llrengtben Mayor proudly fflliped (rem the Soc:ialW: Party-llflaiDal doo
the ruc:tionary political · forcc:a; and later, bia &d· \ but rama.iDed Mnor. ad afterward became o~ of to di..n tloe capitaliato from tboir •oe.cy of lntenention iD Mexico ; and we hue a the chief pro-War Democratic Con~ worlt.iDfl clua. More tba."tbal, tho ballot oaablad
piclu.re or a man in foOme reapect.a lea. ~olut i ooary Mayor V&D t.r of Minoeapol~ after electioa to tho AJMricaD capitaliat ..,).;. IO bliDd tho
than the bourgooi• ]d!cnoliW> Liberala.
· ollice of &D &Dti-War propam. joiDocl Samuel Com- witb inaaiou of "d..Doc:ncyft .waJ 11ooy bad ,..
ln full c:onaciouaneu of the delpc:rau: aituatioo pen' AltiUlCe for Labor aod Dremocraey, wbicla wu !acted their bold apoo tho tllrooa Gl doo
For 11M lut decade tho IUo&orT oC tbo Aoairica
iD which Victor Berger now 6nds bimaelf, ed in formed by the J"Meliocarim of the Ams-ic.ui Fed·
r..u respect to his COUr&!f:, 1 do Dot wiah to mil· a-atioa of Labor to wpport the Wu ; and whca · Socialill Party bu abo'"' a
quote Uer,er or miullte hia potition. 1 ahall there-- the Non -PartiMD Leape put up a Candidate in a to draw away from the prol..n..t. 'llle policy af
fore quote utr.CU (rom hial'fiCCDt pamphlet, .. Opal loeal election , Mayor Van Leu made a public ••borin! from within"' in the Americ.aD F......._
Letter Addreuot"d to Hia Culle.aguet iD Conp-eu", apeech in favor of thi.a candidate. although a caD· of ·L abor """I'""' iD tho Yimlal cap<l:nl oC tbo
ira order tli11 he may 1peak for himaeU :
did.ate of lili OWD Party wu nmniliK. H.ia lut eel Party, for~ • period, by tho Feclerati-t.lob liT
"I - of 1M f - ol liN Soclolloo ....., ol mo~ "'!"to
allad Fias law paaaocl tlw bad ........ cla6ailely ....
. '·
or
Ju-
won...
....,.w;..
.....a.- """"""'
...r-."' .....,
�The New York Commuuiot
I
Left \\ling Notes
THE Left Wing organi.ulioo hat deCided to •op-
-. pon the lollowing nominee and ...U all ffl'folut.J onuv Sociah~ol& t o do hiet.o·i.e :
For CucuJwr SureUJ'7 of Loc.o1 NttiJ Yorl :
Co~ n.
Moxurn..lims
Notice to AD BrancJ- of Locah New York,
Kinao, Qvea.o, Richmond, A.toria ..,d 8"""'-
-.At a mMmg of tt,t: C11 y Comminee held on the
5th du)' of ~b ). it wu decidt-d to call B. Cit y Coo' 'cntwn , 1U1d tha t lhe bA,~<oiJ. of repro.ent.atioo •haU
. be '
' 'Onr drlrgale' for every 50 m~n in
m.3J u r fr action Uteroof;
lh at br an ch r ~ Mall elect del~ales directf( Ood t-IMndmg N
I L''
Y ~ u &rr" tJ,M'efo re rec • ua-t~ to ernd out a call to
thr br a nch e- wstruct i~g Lhero1 to t!"'Ct delcgatCI!I to
thr
cu n\·cni iOII
uo :he LuiJ decided by the City
Com!IlltlGe.
Thr Cnm'f'Tlti un "''1: ! !:.: hrld o n June 14th and
15tk a t
(.lu t.~m
Count ) Luho r L)·ceum. Cypn:M
A'·en ue, Hul~t'""' ood, L l.
""·ill IJ<:
a !-
Tite order of bw.ineas
follo'"''a:
Con,oldati or. of Loc:al5 into a Greater Cit)' Local.
T.al.mp IWII U rl 0 11 Part~· u ...·net hhip of PrM6.
T a J...m~
action on the Lrft \\ ing.
reorganU...t ion, of
of loc.l l t\e.,.· York.
Sen d th e n.1m~ nf Ute delefi!Bte!i elected aqd the
hr ancl.e!' the ~· rrpr~nl to Lhe r.ocretary ~~ the
Quecm L:ilior Lp~ um , Myrtle and CypreM A\"0nuo. Hidge .,.·ood. 1-•I.
T :tlr.inf! up tht: q uestiNI o f
brt~n c li ~
At the last moet:inE of tJ-,e Left 'W inf!: CjiU CUI of
the Ctntral Com mittee, Loca l Bronx, Benj. Gitlow,
11. U our~in. A. \\'mi ck, Dr. Gloul>erman a!ld Roma..o
Dluepa!-!- were ~d o ued at. the candidatee. for the
Cit)' Committee from Local BtoDL
. ,. .
The Ne"' Yort
Co.IIIIIII U I't'IST
depend.
Up<."::l
volunltJtt worker• for ill diltrihution through·
out~city .
Each week '• lMue i• ready for dutriLution
Thund.y ah.emoou.
Come to tht: beadquarte.n, 4J Wbt 29th
St reet , Titutii<La)·, and «d ) ' OUt buodte.
No.,.,. 11 tht: tm>e to get the truth acrosa.
i\1 t~ l e th: l...ch Wing c.ampai,:n among the
rank and fale e hu~ auc:cel.!l br pulling a
Co MW L"!I. I ST each week., in the banda of every
part)' runnher .
Our mott o ia :-10,000 CoiOilTJrflSTS in
on
SOCIAlJSf P.... RTY
or
HI CHLASD PAU.
t
The 5<. LoW. War R_,lutiou, iorcod upoo the
Party o16cialdom by tho nDk aud 61o, P" pr..U.
of a DBW spirit i.a the Socialill monaeat.. borD
of the ahock Of war. But bow the Party oltci.la
and olice-holden violated or apologiaed for the St.
Lo\liA RCitOiutioo. and what bappeoed to the JDCIDo
ben of the n..uk and 6le who auempUld to li•e up
to it. remindo o"" of tho
of the Secoad
lnternatiooal, ed tbe million. of trutiDt worlun
bottoyed by them.
'1'>o War ,..,..led tho po- of cap~ polm..
CAl control. Before it the polit.ical workiopaea'a
partioo diaopJ><O:'ed. wen """"':heu-1 by the por·
lio.mcnll in wbicb they puU<•pated. by tho .,..
chinery of political domoc.rocy which they bolped
to ma.i..aW..A.
(T. . . ~)
I...Ioro
0
·
WE
To Tn Nnr Yoa..a. Low wl·Just :
r..Do('lu· no~ .
~~~~.!~,,;,~~~~r~'i:~J~l= 1:1.• ~: i:clh~i:11a1~~d!
if cam~d . • ill ~-r--1 tbt- Left ~· l.D& Soaaliau c.f lha.s lol.&l.e
fr om tht' Soc •al111 Part y. I.Dd
'\\ h"ua. lh~ Euc:utuc Coaunittc.ot of Loea.1 Ntw York.,
un• tl ll nf: t u '"'all l ht outcl'lmt' of lbc al o r~id rd~ ·
dum., •• now J.>r~p.ar• ll F lo ··re-orJ.I hW"- all branchtt of
th• t l .. oc.ll. Nld reurJ•mu.t iull mean•n& tb~ e• pdhn& 11! aU
mt"mlot.n of N •d hranc.Ln who 4(ibO"t 10 t.bt L.eft Win&,
oorl
\\ heN"u., we n:1ard tbr &bo?r action• u 1 muo ud
eo • ·ardly • ttempt "" rbe ~ of r.ht Richt \\ inJ .. nd the
W tr U.a 10 Jllr•·rot tbe drlUt of lbe afou· me~~ tio uert Ntw
Yod. Sutt l<drrndwa,
Tt. ett f o rrboti1ff~IM :
T hlt • ~.. Local H~b.l.and Puk., lrl ~W - ion. ' M•y
2-llh. 1'.11". d ,; bert L) n prCM our condemn11ioD of the
alort mt nlloncd mnn and cowardJy a.r:tioil of thr U ec:u·
:;:: ~~~;m~:a~:.~ .~;-s!~~~ p~o ~rN":. DY'!l
• nd all ot hen wl1u may bot a. nnteted whb thi.l duta.rdly
plot b d1 trup r tbe l' ar. y: th.ar in c..t' f' •tional Rdetn·
dum IJ. camn.. we .rill do .U iD our po•tt to ban the
Arnru c ~ lklc;,-•t t' Uutructe<! to • ot t a nd UK hil inftu.
r n ~·t' ar thr :'\atr-.n• l C..n¥enli'l D for tl1 ~ wat i n~; of 1.111
ddtJIIt'S wh1cb t.h&!J rt pleKnl tht' l.A-f1 \\ LDi Social im of
l\ew York. enn if N id S«iaU... h.a•~ boeD espdJed by
the l"nr , .ork P •"Y .
·
And bt h further raol•rd that we lebJ • copy of tit..
Horwood._____ ____________
=~01":' :!If':'I::.!-:!:b.'fl~ Party-the Proo;.
·
IThe Telescope I
Kl:NnJCKY-LOCA.L
!d
l
memherL
Greater r\e•· YoriL !
• ne Convention of the- German r ederation , held
a• Hud1eoot er , I\. Y .• on Mav 30-3 1, endoned the
Ldt Win g Manife!'lo and PrOgram •t'ith the pro,·M
S::~u=rt~~ ~( ~~s:J~p;; o~oi\
th ut if the f'ia ti onal £merf!'enc y Co"'·etion does alto to th~ Nrw You. Co wwt:l'lt5T, the 0/Uo SocioiUr ud
not adopt thi~ program the German r ~ali on will lhe R.n'OUJU:utlfry A1 ~. for publicatioD..
·
Rarpectllllly IUbmined
join tl1c Left U.'ing.
A motion wu introduced 1hat the Federation
~·,. of ~£.H=:d P1rL
.bould contribute 5c per capita per month for the
aupport pf the Par1 y press. A substitute motion to
Foll owing i1' the . n:~lar recorded 'role of the
the efT eel that the F ederali on demand that the Party State of Peuhavlvaaia oo t..be N'ational Referendum
press be Par1~· o.,.·ned ~tnd co ntrolled. and that until for N'atioo.al i:ucutive Com..m..inee. !nt.ematianal
.,udt time a! lhi.! is com plied with it withhold.J itt Delegate6, lnternatioaal Sctrel.ll.ry and Refqeodum
aupport. The eubNitute motion wu carried.
. .. B"--qutstion of t..be National Emergency Conveo·
A· rcsol uti ori protes1 ing against the upulaion or tion :
the Michigan State orgao.i.zation .,..u carried., aa waa
For /\'aJi.oM I EuC#Iiw Comrn.U.Ju :
(high men)
a resoluti on condemning the ~"'penaion of the
C. E. Ruthenberg, ___ __ _________ 2,075
&even Federation5 and the !W.peruion or expul!iio"
Margaret
Prnry._
----------1,810
of ot her Part,· Branches or Locale. The Federation
fred
700 •
declarinr it,..,.")( in &nlidarily with thote expelled or
Birch Wiloon·------------- - ---- 603
suspended. Detail!- nat week.
· C. William Thompoi>D--- ------ - .- 517
We euppo&e the German Federation will abor1ly
For InkrnDlionol Dek<llk.J :
be au..-pended fr om the Party on tbe groUDd that it.
John Reed.. - -------- -------- --- 2,169
ia compoecd of ..H~ "
Louis C. froino._·-- ~ ---- - -- ~- --- 1,575
C. E. Ruthr:nbdg_ . _____________ 1,419
A. w.goriknechL ____________ 1.0:12
At the Nui:mal Convet~tion of the Jewiab Fcdera·
tion, held in 8-.lston , Sundav. )tlDf! Itt. ainy Left
L E. ferguon--- ~-- - -------- ~ -- 9lo·
Winll delegates boiled th e Con'"enti on and formed For btl~rt141ion.al S«rt:lrlry :
·
a com·ent.i on of their own. Det.aile De'J1 week.,
M.orri! Hillquil ---- - - ---- - -~--- 581
lc.te Richards 011ore..,.________ 1,801
anti-Soc ialist, counter-reYolutionary, . rdormistic
body. The oplit ..ith the~ . W. W. in 1912, by the
adoption of Art.icle ' T•nl, Section Six. in tbe Party
constitution, finally completel Y, aep&rat.ed tht Party
from the revolut ionary Amrrican proletariat, and
forred out of the Par1y 10me of ita best el.~u..
The Party platform, became 10 filled with reform Uit demands caiculated to appeal to prof•
aionale and m:nall property ownen, th...t ihe Prograeive· Party adopted ~everal of them in 1912. For
t..be moment t..b.U cUd noc effectually modify the Socialiat 'rote; but 'when. four yean l.ta', un der the
thrut d war, the Wilton Demoerau adopted the
C...trol Rrauch of Loe.1 PounoD, N. J. tloo
l a r g~ l branch in the city, h.aa joined the Ldt Wiq.
Loca l Pa tereon waa not given any' b&l)otl for tba
refett:nduro ,.,u for National E.x.ecuti'ftl Committee
NOlif>Nd Ref...mdum "8",1919:
Yeo -------------------- ----- 2.252
No ---------------- ------~-- 165 ·
,
. . .
' Our Left Wing Scc.ret Scn·ice infoi'IDI aa th& at
the last mmi=g of the Loe.l' ~ew Yorlr. Eueutift
Co mmittee a motioo to swpend the publication of
The Socioli.Jt •·u onl y loo by a •mall marpn. · Apparent I)· there are tome · fti&b.t Wingen wbo .,.. .
occuionall v viail.cd with gleam~ of ...mty.
.
.
. ..
The 6 r.U editorial in the Jut iaaae or TIW 5().
ciolur begin" "TM SocioliJI hao juoti6ed ito ....,.
ence." Is thia • reply to the motiOa to IIU.Iped
publiution ?
We notice !hot HiUquit'• billd dow. to the ~ '
Wing haP. undeTgone • chang!' in title ~ it appeared in TM C..tl. · 1M Socioli.l is now oii...U.,
it for u le under the aomt"whal ·te. ambitioaa title:
" The Immediate U5ue." WiU aoJDOODC lell • whd
immod~ isoue Hillquit .for:->-.rl?
.
•
.J . •
Bill fei~am writeo ;i, TM s..c;.u, .., "N•
lion alism-A Grut Daop." He N1J : '"5~
af! a Ru5sian •ympatb.ir..n'." Natioo.aliam ia a pwd
danger , l:iit 11ympathizins with o.atioo.ab..m ia ol
r.:oune quite alrigh1! Now tut would..,., ""Speik·
ing • • a l)'tDpathiz.er with the R.J,.,.;.,. ~ ·
ti.on"; bul then w)'in« what i.J J:I)MJ'If ia a
tail.
IDift-.
.
We on: much oblipl to Robon ~ Cor hio
approval of our ... fine literary atyle.
Thil cpite
rel ieve& our mine!. u we were afraid be m1Ft DCII
Jike our linle efforts. Bat Dow t1.at ~ ue 0 . L.
why does DOl btgi .. Bill fei~. r - ' in how to .. y what be meam ii be ...._ ~ '
Aocording to TM SocioliJt, Lenin io .of the op;..
ion that Samuel Gompen ia a Soc:ialill. ll thia ia
true. then l..enio mUBI have f"' ).. isJ.mpra.iOM from
...,.ding TM C..tl, ·or perl1opo from poruoiDjJ- ol
Hillquit'o opooeiooo.
·
The 4th A. D.. Easlioh Bnncb, fOl'll>erly owned
and c:ontrolied by n ·A.pemblym.an Karlin, much to
the utoniahme:ot of the late' A...emblyinaa , "Wr:nt
Left at itt r~ul.sr meeting, Friday, May 30. I)U..
ma yed at the counc or evmll, K..rlin' bec..uo~ ·~
euited., callins the cbai.rm.o '!a p~ "r cllee.e
oud threol<Jiin& to be.t hUn up. tindins thoJ this
)ine of action made no impraeion oa the ~ ·
ohip, be loUDCbed into au impOMioued plea, eitiD«
. bio
,..an of -.berWp iD tloo
aud
.1-
Party
Aw-l fw F.-. fw n. N. Y. c-..iol
The Loft Wins io in .-1 of Ctmdo for the ioouODoe of ito popor; - ..... •
d,_ P•Yin& -.berohip ood ""' oolely depauleot upou tho YDiuotory ooatribulio. ol rada for ow •upport. U you th.mk our monment i.J ~'if y(H.I feel that
U..
public esptCMiOD, YO.U IDual COIDe to 00&1' 1UpP9f\. ln lbe praeot c.ri.&ia. IDOh daua .... w ...
we muot kaop in the Wei, our papor mUll be publiobed. WE NEED FUll'!IS.
·
'
Tur ol....l ....ll 10 MAluMIUAN COHEN, 43 War 29P Snlzr, k. Y. C.
CoiiiW>IS :
ft.-
I llonby
N.-
.~
·?
underotODd that Morris Hillquit ujo !hot
it is uo~F oreign Feden:lio01 who are to
L.lame,
the eeooomic or~ of
the forei&n ,..o
tloo .,.. of _______ OK!o _ . f.,. the •pport ol TuN• .V. c-o.an.
-------------·-------Acldr.. ----
••
·:
(
�;O======~================~==============================~====~T\~e~N~e~w=Y~o~n~C~4m~DM~~
Chicago Turns to the Left
By L E. Ferru-o.,
~E
Cook County Con•ootion of Mor 17-18 ,...
1 •uhcd in 1 clean IM·eep · for the Lch WiD1.
~, wu more than a teet of 1ttcngth of the local
. ppo,ing elemenLI, yet even in thia limited tenae
.his coovenlion M'ouiJ be of bigb Dllioo1l 1igni·
6c.mcc, bn.:aw.e the Leh Wing conquest of Chicago
iA the best pouiblc proof of the Left \\'ins cooque.t
of the whole ArMricao Party-wantinB only
in
"The RnolutioDIIfT
Ap"
~ated
u Chairman u the Leh Wins candidate.
The highHt \'Ole f or one of the of6cial family u
candidnle for \he H ~l uti o o s Committee •u 177:
one of the mor;t pOJ)U iar Socialiall in Chiaso, who
hu failed to make clear his uoder.aanding of and
alipihl~"nl ·.fln the iuues before the Party and may
therefore be c h arecterU~ at the moment u CeoITi!-1, rrcci,·ed 236 \'Otes ; ...,·hil e the five Leh Wins
candid•tes ueraged clo.e to 400 votes, the high
another half year of conYentione and elcrt iona to \IOte going to -We.
record ia...clf in t~ of • new Party o&'x:ialdom
The rcpretent.ative charactu of thit Convention
and a new oricnt.ation in the Party policies and is C\·ideot from the large number of delegatee and
ta.::tica.
the hi gh al(cndance, the basis or represcr.tation be(J) Thi1 Convention wu 1 Uft Wing vic:1ory
in~t 1 deltsate to 10 members. The general Wuet
on the buis of "'hit ia perhaps tht! mo5t cardully to come before the Cuu.,.ention bad been ditcuued
and complttely elaborated Matnnenl , in teruu of more or 1~ thoroughl y in .omething like SO
platform and h:ilolutiona. of the l...dt Wing mon· bu ¥.h!-!, r.o then wa.s nothing here ~ _ the nature
ment in thi5 country·. { 2) Th i1 Convention meant a o( surprbe or hutv jud@:JDenl The m~ portion•
dec ish·c conquel!lt of a loca l Party unit of o,·cr 6500 or the re:solutioru had been puhlishe:d in the Chi·
mem bers; a ' 'icton · 10 coo!'Cious of iu own purpote eago Socialist two week"' before the Convention.
and e,o ddinitely ~r~ani 1ed that it can make rapid and a eeries of debatee b11_d been tt.aged bet,..·een
saint fr om day IO dlly. (3) Finally. ~it conven- rrpraent.ath·eP of the oppoting camps.
ti on viclorv will at once be tramlated mlo a Del'"
The Left Wing movement in Cbicaso, t.alc:ins its
control pf 'Local Cook Count)" on the firm b~ia of theoretical iniliative in the work of the Com.muniJt
revolutionary Socialism.
PropH~anda League, had u•umM definite organ·
TheM art confident clairm , but need no arp1ment Uation character in about two do1en of the most
~\ ond the textual and mnthem.otical f11cl8 • ·hich
important Lranch units or the city. Under the able
th~y seneraliu. AI this time the f'X"rctarial work and a~p-ew.i,·e Je.,Jenhip of Comrade Alexander
h.1s nol bttn comple1ed "·hich - ·ill pro,·ide the Stollit1-ky, now lll('ting 1.5 Tran ~ lat or-S« retary for
dt"la ils of the platform and resolutions adopted, the HuN-in n Federation, the H.u ~sian · !!pea ldng
but thot.e "ho recall the propam publi~hcd by the branches han recei'Ved inten$ive education in the
Chicago Commu ni Et Prop,afranda l...eague fnur or rrincipl~ of re\'Oiutionary Socialism. The Lithu fl,·e months o~o, to - ·hich hu ~ add~ all nail - anian Tram lator-S«rctarv, Comndo? Stil!lOn, the
a bl e circ urrutaJICCS in the interim, ,.,·ill reali.z.e that Ltui~h Secrrtarv, Comrade Puri~. the Hungarian
th ere "'"U through preparalion for thi.s Com·et1lion Strretar)·, Co~ade Frankel , and many othen in
.o f &r at the qu~:ioot of P&Tt y principles and laC· the " langua~ " groups ha,·e co -operated ably in a
tica arc conct:med.
dual educati onal-organization campaif"• which
aho"'·ed it.s r~ult.s at the Cook County Convention,
0 1
and ih bound with in a few month ~ to compel a clear
Socia list Par i,. on the hhi!i of the oc'"' Cook County ~~ln::~t~!~~i. American. Party "';th the Communpr v ~arn \.void h nd iL&clf in complm unit)' with
the Co mmuni ~ t lnternotionai and "'·ith the rn·oluSome of the fundamental 5nobben· and narrow
tionan· proletariat of the l,;niltd States. A Chicago natiomaliJ.m of tl1e Right Winger. displa)'ed it~elf
Lt:ft \\in@: vic tory takes tp«ial1ig:nificance not only in clunu il)· indirect in!linuations about tl1e " alien"
from the imponance of the local it5elf. and the chaucter or th e Left \ring-while 0\'er-protesti,g
indu~trial territory tribul ot)· to Chica~o. but alto
their own adhertncc to Socialist internationalism!
fr om' the facl that this is the he.aOquarten of the
Thi!l much det..ail if sivcn to rm pha.si.te the orglln·
old Pa.n,· re~iml! . The Ch icago moH:mcnt has i1ed character of the Chicago Left \\ ing Btrength.
~·e ~ had di5tinctive loo:al chara('ter , becauae i~ There i!l not a branch i~ the city or country without
leadeuhip has been tin ged \\"ith tl1e Put}' oBicial· Ldt \ling adherent•, hut the astured control lies
dom coming fr om all over the country.
in the two dozen or more bunches which stand u
But the point to be empha~iud is the organized
0
1
character of thi• Left Wing \"ic1ory. To the Right
WinFen and Cc:nlr~t5 thi ~ wu the m'·stifying and sufficin1tly in the county organiution to H.'!ure the
ann oyi ng clrcum"'t..lnce. They could undent.and Left WU,g of the fruil5 of its victory in relation
lot!. of more or leas aimleu talking and more or to the I CJ~CJ~~ I Party presa and other official .aivitiea.
let>! cq_nfuac:d voLin@:. but the ti,ht of a tolid Left
On the othtr band the demorallution of the
phalaui of aboul 400 votes out of .ome 6~a "politician" element ditplayed it~elf in an almost
.olid, hirl y uniCorm vote, going with a dcfmitc, ludicrous bolfin~ or the Convention during ita ~~ec
clear<:ut propam. l'arcfull y di!ICusaed and criti· ond ~sion. The 1"\apoleon of the nodw, which
cU-ed for week1 ahead.-that waa not their idea of took about S'7c of the Convention, certainly leu
a .,Socialist convention."
than 107o, wu our quite amiable Comrade Seymour
The flnt and perbap1 the clearest tt:st V.3le came Stedman, who momnlt.arily for~ot his resporuWility
with the electi on or the Resolutions Committee, u one of the National Uecutive Committee and
after Comrade 'William BrON Uo)·d had easily baeu lorgoc to u.e hia own betttt judgmenL Thit band-
.;,~r~:t.p~n~';!d ~~h·pb:' a:~d ~.:wtt.1.~ a~ Am~~=
S~'i:,~:m~ Th'i~-~~~~;~, c::~ir':ad : ~ft": t:!:~:'J
f ul of dd~m., who had been U.itte:at few a half
a year lh11 1omebody wu tryiPB to 1plit the Puty,
wben fa ced with the rea.llution that t!le Party wu
re~" fanizetl risht under their eye.., without a murmur about a t«:eNion , decided to prove that then
wa• .. lcBirc to tpld the Party by l.ryizl« a little
ap~~~t::veo:.~:n°':en~':
iu three seuions
Mty l8tb without • word Pfcuriosity ahow tbo
bolters, and "'·ith relief fr om their tilly tactica of
time-killing and ob.tTUclion. The op~oo to the
Left \\"in~ e:rpreued itJ.elf in debate and quatioaing ; and the opportunity for real diacuuioo wu
never rut off by the Lch Wing. About all the
•'Titer beard nf the bohen ,..., that they lllrtd
a meeting in a nearby hall, but J40D came to the
conclu&ion thtt no ODe knew wh.tt they waated to
do. It was quite apparent tlut all e:s..cept the moe
conspicuout figure. fmafly found their way back
to the ConTenlion.
Only Stedman it named from among the little
band of holtcn becaute the writer i. con6dmt
that Stedman rc8fdted hit excite<l action within e
hour after the &eeeuion; and thi.t typifiet tbe
vention tplit as not at all a -forecut ol any rupture in the local ort;aniu.Lion. Stedman ab.olat.ely
realiu:J at the Opaling-6f the Convention that the
Left Wing h1d a t olid two-thirds "JMC, wllich wo1Lid
have etu.ily incre..ed at once ift ihe fight bad baeu
nude on principles, inllead of tlu-~ugb aharpenina
lines by dilatory jockeyio~~: WhiCh compelled a
teemingly hanb offensiTe on the p.., of the Left
Wing. If •n)"lhing furtheu u "'-"ufd of Party·
tp liting in Ch1cago, Steelman and'\ia dou:o or 10
of official lieutenanu will lt&Dd COJIYkt.ed of a preC'alculated de-ign toward thet end; a1 leut, the
dtlibente raiting of the unit)' of penooal opinion. or lack of bu i1 for intelligent opinioD, abo"'
the Je.,.el of devotion to the Soc:iaJi.g mc:t'YemeDL
So much concerning the mech.anica and h.i.ttory
of th is important Conv"'tion. Its contributiooa toward the \\'Orking OUt o f the DeW cbuactc:r o( tbe
American Socialist movement, in temu of prop-am.
tKtiC11, and qu~tions of pa.rty orsaniz.alion will
tactiC11 .a.ncf quettions ,r Party organiulion will
One comment it made oow to counter the im·
o(
ecm.
r:~~:~,::~: c:~~=n: 0~ll..r=8 ~ ~t
nnce. At emphuized above, the main Puty i.u.
had been thoroughly diocuooed in odnooe and the
re&ull!l reduoed to definite form. bat without
prompting or e"en the co-oper.tion o£ thoee coa•pifioua.on the floor for the Leh Wins. there were
resolutions introduced touehins nery inRaDt I!!Dleu.rian fight of rn-olutionary tipific:.aDCe. 'Ihe
comrade. abroad and our owu cl....,war comrad.
in the jails,· tbe ttrikert of I..wteooe and Winnipeg, and the fightins I. W. W.-<be ""'olutionary
proletarians e\ln-ywherc were recopti.ed in ki.n.hip
in that Con,·ention in the J:DOA conrincinsly pan·
ioe WI)" Lbat the writer b.u ever wi..tJMued in any
Socialill gathering. And it ia thia tpontaoeotU
tentitivenesa to the world 6Kh.t of t.be ritin« proletarial by the COJMCiOUI • Americ:an proJeta.ri.&DI
• ·hich it the Y~J.ality of the revolutioaary Sociali:lt
movemeot in tWe United St&ea.
. .
"Regular Party Channels"
As a few glaring namplee or the de
wilh individuals and othcn tub.tituted.. The Local Secwhich our Party machine work., i 1."'-oo, ,,:. .:ite you retary " reported ~ pr.ctically to the aame efrect. It
the fullo"'·int;: I am a memher of the Sth A. D. i1 to be noted that ocithcr the State Str~ nor
of BronL Local BrOns. •ubmitted to itt me:nber· th• Local Secretary bod over bofore op...,..d at
ehip a reeolution to a&il iatc • ·ith the Left Wiq: t.h,. Branrhes to " report," und that the C'\·idcnt inlent
Sa:tion and a resolution by co"!:nter -res.olutioni.sts o( tbr.e "rt<portll" wu to prejudice the member(I had almott •Tittcn counter-re\·olutiooi.!ts) . At ship a!(aimt the "Left Wing" at the very moment
the lall meeting of tht Sth A. D.• which wu held on "'hen they were about to \lote on the Left Wins
May 27th , ditcus::ion and \'cling on thew t.o reeo- J"ettiution. l"o quCirtioru, 'however. wen permiuecl
lutioDJ wat tl1e 1pecial order of bwineu. The to be uked of either the State or Local Secrctariea..
BriDCh htd decided that Branch u;,emben and a her makins their .o-cal led rep orb, they cle-~ given pr'efereoce in the matter or di.a- pa~ their te'I'Cral waya.
cus.ion, and that out.siden would only be
The nat day the State Sa:retary called me up
petmitted to take the ftoor after the lat Branch on the wire and u.lted me 'bow the vote ttood on
member who wish~ to diecu• "lbit maner the Left WiDg reMJiution ; iDC'identally be wu interhod opokm. At about 10 P. M. Coauode Cook, the .etted to find out how our Branch took hia renlaState Secretary, Comrade Anna Stem , the Loeal tion• of .,lraud" and •·ror«UY." I explaiDed to
him that u far u I wat concerned, bit nideaoe did
noc imprna me et all; that •nyone familiar with
the chairman that he had a very important repon Party affain know• or 1hogjd hiYe bowa that the
to make which would be 1upplemented by tho forei,m lanrua~ Branches ~erally vote aa • uit,
E.:ecuti\le Secrct.ary of lhe Local. We .aoppN the and that.. being illiterate, the Secnury or tome
di~eu .. ion and ~a\le him the tlQOr. Altrr atatin!
other litt=rate member «tDUally tbarb and a.ip
hit intenlion tu be fair to botb tide~ in the ma~~cr. the b. Ilots for them. He confCMCd th.t be wu
be produced cenain ballot~ of Left Win& Brand.a isnorant or this fact, bul that whea be had ahowu
on the National Refcrmdumt, which he claimed .evcral of the ballots wbkh 1pP«red lo him to be
were fraudulent, the eTidence being thai eeveral 1uapiciou1 to 60 promine.11 Soc:ialiata," they immedi·
of them - ·ere in lhe handwr it ing or the ..une in- atcly yellr.d .,fuud" and "lorsery." He odnaiuerl
• dh·ic\ual, that ce rtain fonoisn b.nguagc Branc.he. Jc me tlwl M M4 not~ &nW!.Jli«aud ea li.n&l.e ~Wpici
hzld \'otrd en bloc for "c ertain ca.ndidttet, and thai ow COl'- &o GJUI1Gin ... he.&M.r •'' ,....,. ~her• MJU r•llr
oerta.io ballou bad Tolel cro.ed out (OJ" c::en.ai.l "jr...r or "/••10'7," bvt ~ Do wu DOt
DOCJ'ICf
=:ed~u':'~l:bh:!:!:~c~::.d: ~~t !!:f:
soins to count or coosider tbe ftlte of ey BraDClh
or Local which
10 him to be fraudulmt.
Suboequentlr
bod been informed Lr _,.a)
"prominent" mernben of Loeal Brocu. that all
thoec Brancbee in whk.h the vota oa the Left Wini
raolution predominatfld OYer the Yotel on the RiFt
Wins fal))ution, would be ~di.ors.m-1" aDd ",..
organiled .. .a aa to iDclade DODe bul .,oyal" .....:.·
afpeared
.......
Lut nlsf!t, wbeo I appeonod at tbo Loco! boodqoarten lo an.nd the "Ript Wins caocao" iD
re~ponse to their invitaticm. I aousfJt oollirmm011
of the fa<1 that " ' - Brucbeo ........ tbo Loft Wins
raolution cnried a . .joriiy •ou.ld be di.ol1"111:1
and n>orsan.ioed, from the Loco! Seenoary. Sbe
atatod tbot obe boli<mod that to b. tloo f.ot, b.l
men-ed me to the StAte Seerdary. nu.
""'"'.::3
l..r":~ UC;!'"u!"rh~:..:: ~= ror
inlo"!'ation ; thai our Bnnch toaipt, ucl
that belore .haii.W.. iD oar ba!JCIU we wanood to
Imo.. wbeoher we "Would Do penalioed for •olial
ort • referadumeubmiuad to a., DOl io - ~
with the wiabet or deaiJw of the po._... lbaJ: he.
He rel.-1 to cle6Ditely .... hio poai&ion or 1M
poaitioo of \he llale oAc. i.A tbe ...a.., ud ,..
lured mo to the Loeal Soaelary. H.-er, M
UDUJ Au opinion to be """ • Broad ..._ ...;...
ily Md .-.1 iro /nor of ,.. IA/t II'U., .....s..liaa
- " be Jiuol ....
J - 3, 19lll.
Bau a..-
�The New York Comm...u.t
).
Proletarian Dictatorship
O
NE of the most frequent cri~ic isms directed by
th~ Hitt:ht \Vinfl"U aJ!_.J inlll th~ t:or..muni•t
p~i t ion au.t.unu:d h~· thr- Ltft \\ i11g (and thU.
euMI)' parallel!~ the Eurc'l'ean ~ocisl · pntriot.P' criti·
c i~r1 of Ho i•!Jc,·i ~m I, it th.rt the Ldt Win~ rr-pudiat ~ I.JrmOt_.ran and ~t nn d!!o for D i(·tat or :~hip-- Pr o ·
le1aria n llictat;m.hip, it i!- tr ue, Lui ,.till. IJic-tato r ·
thip. The haJ 1\u l:-hr-,·i\i.i,
\II ho
~~ ~ p ictured in the
bour~e•1is pr~t. ernli tlu! corrition• of t11e Hand
Sc: IH.K.!.I a!> adH~t:nl i n [l di:oemL<n·•·r'lmrnt. m a~·hem and
tht" tuppres:.ion of oil o·Jr " ho:arJ.,,,on liber1iet~,"
are d~ri!JN Ill' endon.ing the Dictaton.hip nf tht
P Jole13ti3t o ut o f Ph~r dt!\' i l i!-hn~.
si)(' ::J iiPm i6 8 "dr-m·e.
Mttn ..cient ifi cali)'
prm·ed thot Capitalit.m ~rneu.ted within it~lf . the
( NCO \O.'fli<::h ~o~o ~u Jd deo-ttoy it; 11nd :i.at it ni!O @'~0·
erated the da~· an l aj:!un••m ~ ....·h ich \oO·uuiJ unitr the
""'·orl..en; to ri ~e •Eam,.l it. and fn1111l)' to 0\'erthrcow
it. llr al!-0 JltrdH·tr<J tJ,J, J:.: .. in{% the tran!'ltion
perit•tl het'lolo·ecn CapitDiil'm a nd Snt:ial if m, the 'lolo' Ork·
ing clll.!o§ " 'ould lw:o tl•r rul iu~ cia*: and, to mllke
h i!> mc=::iing J~rfec;-!1 ~· C'lt:ar. hr went on to t'aY that
ahi ~ "" flTL:in ~ cla~!! rule of ..ocitty in lran~ition
" cunntH IH OloJ·tllill~ t:.IJ"' but Uu~ JicUJlorJh ip oflhc
prnlr.tori4l."
Thrrr tue \'en ft'-' ~ncialitt• tudnv ""ho do not
..ee that CapitaJ i,.m i.1 appr oo.rhin~ ii.-, cluom 'lolo'ith
trrmmdou;;. t>Jlt'ed ; thnt the forc f'~ ~tneratrol wi tl_li ~
tht> !>~·:-trm hn,·e, under t h~ intensifying pr~sure
of · "" ar, fln ull )· l•utt-1 it tt ~u ndcr . Ah·o, the \'err
d~pt'r~t ion .,·ith whic·li C:. pitoli ~m :J.Itrmpt§ to rt·
con~trurt tht" •hullertod '"''arid. re,·eal~ II in all it~~
nalrd cl a!os~h a r :u-: ter a!l the Uirhtton.h ip of th"'
&u rfroi.-it'. This. with f:ip-u ntic f.tridf':f, is a'"'d~n·
inp- aud unit i u~ the wo!'Linf! cl.11.:s, and !>hatpenm@:
it!> dA!-11 ron!<i(·U~ne:•:- tu the point of action forth~
m·erthrow of Capitalitm. So are the main poinlf.
of ;\1an::'•
th~i!-
prO\'en true.
\\'t' American Soc.·ia li!>l!o hnt had ..o linle to do
"' itII t>h3pinf! tht' course- of "*·orkinp: cla!>!o action,
ah ;,t ""·i- find our~h·es Lal;en una"·arf' h"· t uch
OemonsltatiollJI of "·orkinl! cia~~ m3~~ actio~ •~ the
•triL:~ in 5eaule. and t11~ f!Cnernl uriJ,;t' in Canada.
After all. the!>e 11lril~. ~o~o· t.id, Lc~an I t- demand! for
imrnediat~ and tempofaJ')' 11!-irw., de,·cloped • revo-
lutionar,· character. in thkt. for a lihort lime. tMy
tli.spload tht> capil4li.Jt poliricol 801-'trnmetU by al
~ot·cmmcnl
o,lthtir a:,·n.
This characteristic of thr Suttle 1trike, and more
particularly of the Canadian tUike, mu•t .be em·
Open Air
MASS MEETING
'To Dem•nd "Hulda Off Ruaaial"
To be Hold at Secoad /he. aad T •th St.;
Friday EY~~aiDw, J - ltb.
The f ollowing speak ers will addrus lhe
Meeting : J ohn Reed, Rose Pastor Stokes,
Jim Larkin, Dr. Morris Zucker·.
Joseph Brodsky, Chairman.
Auspices 8th A. D., Sociali~t Party.
COME IN MASSES!
LEFT YIING PICNIC
Saaclay, Au..,at %4th, 'ltll,
at
HOFFMAN'S PARK,
Eut""' Boaloftrd aad Fart S<l111ylw
Road, Weatcbea-, B - N.Y.
Oriental Dances by Miss Katayama and
Troupe.
Other attractions to be announced later.
A Red Picnic-A Great Time-For a Red
Causre. Men. 'Nomen and Children of
the \\'orking Clan. Come and enjoy
yourselvul
.
~
Picnic starts 10 A. M.
Arnnged by the Left WinJ Memben of
the Bronx. A.......... SSe.
on
!...,.y, Jaae ltb, lilt,
c...•·· c,_.
at
HiDo Put.,
"••-. L I.
c-
locket. !Sc: iD • " " ' - 2ec AI tbe pte,
Take M y rtle AYrnl,le " L " t o \\'yckofJ
Avenue and transfer to Cypress Hills car.
C.te AI It A. M.
c-u.·.._...
••"-75-
· u.....
•' \
to ~e held at Eaotem Boul..anl Park:
w.,tcheoter, Fort Schuyler (former Hoff·
man Park).
·
T"oelteto•la•.._,ZSc:•ttbe .....Jic.
The Communist Book Department
Til< c-.w. ..... a11 memben .r lho Lert WiD!! 1o .w.. 1 - - . ........., ..;.. Book Deportme~~L from time to lime '"'ahaU publiah boob ud _.,w..o· of . . , . . _ ..
reYolutioowy SocioliD.
.
A NAw Lett. .. tbe
~
llyN. I.-Ill
Prioo, 5 - llomoiJoa, 10 lo 100, '~Lou or-~ 100, ......,W . - ·
w..-,.., ._ _.
&-eltbellaft' - - · · : ·
HELP THE lat A. D. REFURNuH
' ITS HEADQUARTERS
'tVTHEN .t}\~ furn iture wu stolen from
W the headquarters of the ht A. D.
th:: members found themttlvu confront..
ed with the taak of rebuitdinr, reorp.o·
izing and at the umt time contiouinr
their pr'oJ)apnda.
· Will 6.a _ . . . .
0... . Dollar -a to . . . --bollo tbio
Yitally - . y wpaiutioa 1
Address All. Communication~ to
HARRY M. WINITSKY,
Grant1 Pic·t\ic
S ......y, - ' - ltlo, ltlt
To celebrate the Tenth ADDi•er•ry of
the Esthonta.n Socialist weekly,
. ·
Prloo. 1 0 -
a-u.. 7~ -
..
.,.N. ......
T• Do.,. '11at ._.. tbe W..W. • • • •
.
Jolu. Roed'a Soorr of lho. BolaMrik "->1- A-.11 Eliliia.
Spacial Prioo 10 c-radoa wloo urdorllarotti~ Tu eo-.nair ..... Dopoot..&
,,.p,.,..,-,
AY_ol ............ .,.._...._, •• .•
Olc:ial ~ or lho R. .iu Soiloc C o - t 011 .U Actlritioa ad ~ ol
lho Proi<Uriu RepubUc from No...- 71h, }217, to llooaopW, 191L Aloooot tOI'
J>080L Papa .....
Prioo 11. spacW R-. r.. op.o~&
s-1 all ............... Gltlow, .............
NO. v.n CiiJ.
.
,
,.,!, c-.ur..., ............
,.
�Tbe New York Coww'""'"'t
The Pink Terror
VI. Unrettricted Submarine Warfare in the I at A. D.
"'A ,,J lo U caf'M lo poJJ lAnl rlu bt:ll~ of ~
trcuutr ~uor~ u'f'rr pincht'd u&Jh hwt«tr-"
f'J"'H£ Plunderbund of l...oc.l
j_
Nrw York f.JI'ICutive
Comm1t1~
&tared 111 one llnother in cun!tem•·
\\hal had Uu~~· done? True. they bad
aecn rnpli ~h~ t.hrir amLition, the Socialist Pan~· in
Local :\rto· Y ur~ ~· n!o pur~rd-nine-tentlu o£ the
ttJt~r, haJ b«n npdled or &u!>pended, and almO?t ever~· lkanch had been reorganUed vut of
n:i!ltence.
1100.
But. th~· ,.t>Jdenly d ;.._~overcd•• they h1d k.illod
the jr:uo~ 1h111 bid the ~oldes. ,. ~g'! J'\o more mem·
bCr-no more duM "'"m Jl!l ~ f,o more dues lilamps
-no mort !oft jolt•: l"o more llrancbes--no more
t~~·dl - pai tl lrctureo for the Inner Circle ! r\o more
memlM-n h•p-and the Par1~· •·Je..:ler~" would have
to male a h\'in~ out of the Labor Party! Of
c:our~ the ~rmi -Lomr ades didn't miud 1/wu; hal
after 111. the- J..~~ Lor Pan~· "'' &!> a Lird in the bush,
and there "' ould he compet ition for the job11. . . .
A fluom\ ,. liene-e fdl. broken on l ~· b)' an occa·
•ion31 du- L.m~ "ound &!I ,;orne Semi.Comrade tighten in~ hL"' hdt anot1ter hole.
The Chirf lhrh l'ro J,.t:trian turned the paFt'!l of
h i~ Uranc-h fltrn-tMy. ''Thro~· ·\·e all been reor~an·
izt'd."' hro multc-red. dolrfulh·. ..Or at lea!ll we've
~nr our leuen '"'·itiutz rhein lo a n or ganization
mectm ~;. "
' "lJut l!o"'· aht•Ut the Party propert~· ?" tiled
Me\t'.. Lf,,J.) n·!l- heuter.ant , " 'ith a f'park of hope
''11tr Lt:'ft \\ m !-!eh kept mo!it of it." responded the
Chirf Jli~h Prolet:~rian . ~ilence a~ain fel l.
Tiu· Proft.....~oo r of H ou~ho ld l:.conomy at the
Rand School cleared h i~ throat.
'"Er-dtdn't "'·e--1hot i5 to MY. !lome of us-remo,·r the furnit:_or-~
,;,e i 7lh A. D.·~ "' he
•~l1 :1 hnoJIBndy.
Th~r-proceed~"
The Con~tC''-' ntan',. lieutenant &05"'-"t'red hanhly,
" \J."r drpo.. itrd thr t'a~h in t1u~ r.amt' bAnk "'·ith
MrHr l..undou't- Compntpl fund." He fli cked a
1duct .mote from hi' nt'"'· trou!'-fn.
"'\\ell." t.aid the Prof~cor ~f HouPoehold Eco·
nom''· ··"'·e·H ~ol to rai'e funds from tome"·herc."
Tht-re ""ll" n f!eneT!ll gto"'·l uf a,p.ent.
" Arn1't llterr an~· Bran ch~ "'ith Food furniture
not yt1 re-organized ?" uked .ameooe.
::C",..
Thr Chief HiFh Proletarian turnt"d the v-g~
of hi! book. ·:ne,. U lhe ht A. D.. " he .aid..
"But I've alre~~d y N'nt lt1ten out calling for a
re--or@'a.nization mf'"ding tomorrow. n .wnday, M.ay
20th. Wt can 't tale action until we aee ho'f\... lhe
Branch hehan~!l. I have hopes that most o~e
members "·ill be with u.& . . . .."
"0 pouh:" re~yonded the Con~man'A ht:'neb·
mllfl.. " Don't p:t &entimental. TI1e rank. a.nd file
is all Left Wing. and musl be expelled. ii we're
~oiof!: to ha'e a deeent Part}·. Don't worT')' c.bout
we~ pruent Mitchell Loeb. leader or the raid;
Uventha l, Miller and Need.Jeman-tbe ooly th..roe
Right Winger• in the ht A. D.-and two utter
ruu.ngen, - ·ho came along becau.e they kDn.- bow
to u~ brass kuuclles.. An Aid~ bc:i.f18 ~
&ar)·, Ch11rney Vladel. wu called in for adriotAhout 8 A. ~f. they approached oumher 1.80
Henr\· Stroet, and miling deaf.and-dwn.b •ipa.ls
to Schridemann'r. forma coachman , who wu pre.
en! "';iL 11 movi~~ van, they lotole up the st.epe of
1he ht A. D. headqua.rten.
thnn."
At a concerted signal lhey burlt in at the aide
!'\ow ·ur 1pake Aid~ Caiman, who, I'l l the door. The H ou~ Cbairmnn, Comrade Furman,
Pioneer Furniture-Snatcher of lhe SociaiUt Party, "·ho hnppened to be in the b a ll, manifeated a mild
\1\" A~ Ji..tnJcd to with f!ft:.'lt re~p«J. upon lhis !!Uhjeet. objecti?n to the proceeding!. Mit.cht-11 Loeb ICi.ud
"Tht police force i~ \'t~· bu!>'" ,:nthering e\·idence h im by the throat, and uid that if be made any .._
agairuJI the Left "\1/in~en for the Ui~t.rict Auorney." jection, he would be black-jaded. Loeb atill furhe blliJ . '"And I would prefa lha t we do not di-5- the r intimidated the Jlou.5e Chairman by threaten·
ing to "call th~ ("Op6 and have him loc!ed up."
turb them.''
\
"II i~o not ner~un·." remarked the P~O\Wr of Then tJ~e y began to carry o fT the furniture.
Houschf,Jd Econom\·.' ..The ..arne rt::!iu lts can be ob.
TI1ey tooL: ~w:r~'\hing, including the pi.ano, eat
tained if "''" F'iH' ir;lf'n 'ie"'·s to the reporten of the do"·n the chn n d~lien a nd broke the elect.dc wiree,
and. th~n broL:.r up or torr. in pieca all nbjecta
shed. " ·hich the)· did not think \1\0rth while t.a.kjng.
~··a) m~: \" u· ton· Arch.'" ht rfied. " By the \\'ar
TI1t> furn it ure bel on,;ing the Y. P . 5. L c ircle
Sn ,i n~ St nmp~ and t"'·o \'tr ior )' LoA.n~ 1 ' "''ear thnt they l eft-hec au~ . after 1'1 11, Semi-Comrade Spec1 11 m 111fraid of nothmg- that i~. almMt nolhinf!:. tot i!ltrvine- to soft·~ap the Yipvls. and it wouldn't
But I think tha t r.omeone el~ &hould do the joL dn to offend them at thi, l!ltap:e of the ~a.me.
Tite\· Mil-o left t"''O other objec~ne a p ir:tunt
thi~ time.
I'll ~i\·c ~·ou the tel~ph one number
of a Tumman\' uur k..d.rh·er "'·ho ur..td to dr ive of Karl _LicLln~ht and RoY Lu:~emLur~. and the
Sc-heidemann'• · carriage "'·hm lu~ \"i!oited "e"'' other a p lacard inacriW. "froe All Political PrU.
onrn~"
V. hen uked why they had overlooked
York.
"
""\Hu1t's the market ·p rir..c on ..econd-haoJ fumi· thet.e thin ~ . one of the bandit!. replied, " A"'·· ~
lure do..-n in \'our "' ' rd. Aldrrman?" ll'ked the o nl ~· took Socioll.st property. . . :·•
That · tvenin~ at ti.% a con\'irial party or.
Chirf Hir;!h Prl.. l~tarian . Tite Sncin li!tl le~islator
Jjd ....:..ne rapid fi~rinf! . ..., e!limate that the l .u " prominent Soc i a l ~t leaden" wu ..een mo.k.ing
A. U. furniture ou~ht to br ing in enou~h f or crul · tnern· at a taLie in the Rand School Cafeteria. The
ler!l a nd coffer all around in the Cafeteria down· board poaned willl pilo of ahreddod wheat., &11d
foamin~ f1a ~on!l of Poetum. . . .
~tair..,-· he rtplied.
But ot the re·or~aniz.ation meding of the lat
T h,. nul mornin~ u lillie ~oup uf Semi-Com·
A.
D. on I)· three memben &ho,..·ed ·up, looking o·
rades. led by ~t i tdtt'll Loeh. filtd do""' lhrou,:.h the
Ea.!lt Sid!!. Gre11t !<'If-control "'"II!' nt.-eded to or& tremeh· nervou&; ooe of Uu~!!C h11d ""er attended
v~nt the !>turd~ lillie Land from diHu,iting a1 ihey a m~fing of h~ Brn.nc:h 1incc Morris Hillquir wu
pl'l!!,.et.l eac;h bilker,·, but con!oCious of their raL"olu· a &ma ll boy. And .,meanwhile, in their m-.ph' bead·
quarten. ooe. hundred and fihy membe.n of the 111
tionat")· mission. they ach ie-n·d it.
ALout 8 A. ~1. the con!<piraton gathered in the A.. D., who refUMid to be re-organiud, met in reru·
f orword olioe to plan out their compaigu. Tb~ larMMion..
ca~lt~~~~: !r:r~-th;~:~~,f~tJ:nuB;;e;tJ::~::l A~
The Communist rParty of Lettonia
TJ
By 0. PreediD
at a ~
cret meeting in H1ga on June 7, I<)O..t. The
ddC"¥atl"... to t1us nu~rting "'·ere srnt by differ ·
ent S()(" lnl,!ot ,-uurno 11nd r~p r~ted about 2.500
~« rdl~ orp-.lllltt!d m~ mlloC'n in difJerf'nt.parl! of the
Bahir l' ro,·inc,..,, Tht: ne"' part\· \1\"4.!1 named. the
Lett id1 Social Uemocratic Labor Party.
A" is f':t. }J t ~M:Ll in the name Lettish . tJ,e Pnrty "'"U
or,anlud 011 11 ntttiona l ha~i !'. At that timf' tl1t
quei'IIOn of national or ~ani.tation "'"1:!1 one of the
mo~t debattd qu ~tion:o aryon~ the Sociali!'t!l of
Rul>."itt. The J r."';~h Socialist I any, "Bund", split
a"'·;t,· from the ~ocial Oemocratir LAbor Parh• of
Rus~i3 l~au!o(" its " national principl<""wa.,. noi re·
topected b" nil th~ othrr f!TOUps. The Dol~he,· iki u
" ·el l M thr Menshr,·il..i reroF.ni1ed only the territor ·
ial bMis of or Faniz.ation. Ahhoup::h our Party wu
orFaniznl a~ 11 national •lans uap:e 1 orp::aniz.ation, we
d id not acttpt t11e ,.o-called " national principle of
or~anWtiqn," but were led to this docitioo by
~rely practical con~ideratioD&.
In all centeri ~f Leuonia comparatively ttrong
~oups of otlla nationalititJ~~ were already in the
field. The Bund wu Ye!'J Ktive a.mons the Jr:wUh
- worlen, Bollh~ and Mauhcwik.i were M:tift
amtin~ the sunered Ru.isna. It wu impo.ible
lo unit.: all the.e ~oup& ie one territorial orsaniu·
l ion, and a• a rault there- pew up diaunited and
rival £actiON all over Ru.iL Our oew Party had
at t.hf: hef:innin~ only a few able worken to . . .
the ~i~antic t.uk or coovertins the Lattia.b pro).....
iat to Soci.alilrn, and thit \' ir~in field eontumed al1
our energy; and il waa chiefty for thia reason that
" 'e remained for the time beins u a national or·
sana.ution. The Pany did not collMCt itaell 4
cially with any other Socialiat poopa. bal the
local or!anization• w-ere a1lowed to co-operate wilh
all Social Democ.ratic poup. woJk.ia« iD their t.u·
Jitorv.
I£ 6nt l..etti.!!h PilTf1· "'·ae
or~anized.
Alw a obcvt time. by ....,.BO'ic odueatioa oad or·
~aaiu.Lion
work ow Party saioed the coa6dence of
the wodting rnu.e.. and thua it wu euy to form the
..federation ComnUuea" - local repJ1IIiiDt.l,li"
bodiea from all Social Dem.ocratic poupe.. Ia the
•uaity Coop_." in St.oc<olm iD the early 'PriDe
o/1906 all r-.;.....r the Social Dtoaoerati< poupo
in Ru~iia formed one united part):. The Lettilb Soc ial l.Jemocratic Party accrpted t11e im'ilation to
M:nd f ra ll:msl drJe@'Hte> \1\"ith ill5t'\-uctiOns tO Wo,rJr:
out vlans for joining tbe Social Democratic Party
of Ru,.~ia .
At thf" third conf!;re& of thf' Lettish Social Dem~
c ratir Labor Pan\· it "'"a!l un&nimoush · decided to
join thr Social lhmocr3tic Labor Pariy of Ruu iL
lmmediateh · aft"':r"'·ard~ ull the other Socia l Democ ratic ~oujH• workin~ in Leetonia joined our Party
an.d " 'e rf'·formt d it on a territoria l basi, under
the new name of Th~ Social Uemocracv of Lettonilll.
In it~ program the Socia l Ormocuc'y of Lettonia
difTerf'"d from the p:ent!'i\l party only in one import·
ant point-the ~-call~ •,-ra.r ian program "'·hich
our PaM)" refuM:d to .I!IC"Ct'pt. After this refUYl
we were p:ranted full autonomy on thi!l quC!tion, in
view of tht- different de\·el opmenLJ in the 88f&riaD
Exiled
Br Loum
AU tl.y /..U,
I" • tU-.
AU nip~/._
labilur•f"Y· I
BaTAJ<T
eitu&l.ion in our proviooea. At prac.ut the Social
Democracy of l...et1onia i.. an integral party of the
Communist Party of Ruuia cd ia now called the
Communist Party or Leu.onia...
During ill f1ftcen yean of eriatence the Com·
~"~~~tti~:S~Y lnf
:::6r:
~~~. ':.~
:=oru:
though the Party WMs oal y a year old. we wtte more
auceeu ful in the actual I'C'Yolutioa.ary 6gb.t than
any other orsaniution.
The atrong rnaa:3 monment wu in full control
if, our provinr.e!l under the undivid«l leadeuhip
of .the Party. .#J'e did not organize Soviet.J at d..at
tim~ 8.!i w._, done in Pttrograd. Moscow and many
otha cities in Ru!tia hecawc our Party wu a!ready
the rt'\•olutionary Soviet. R~Cogniz:ed by all the work·
era in the Bailie ProriDces. Ia the Cl)ll.Dtrv town.
ahip8 (\•olost!J rr"o'olutioauy ..Eueut.i"ve Commit.
tees" wert orsaniz.ed by the Party to take 1M: place
or the local i.ottitutiona of the Cur &Dd ·the German
ju.nken, wbo were th~ main J_a.ndowncn in ow prOT·
-
After the failure of the ten)lut:ion the Cur'a
armies smashed enrnhinr; we had built up. EYer"}'
road~ide. ran with the blood or e%CIC1Ited J"e11'olution·
iata. hundreds or Lettiab peu.anta• bo!DCII 1ftft burn.
ed to the proUDd ud en:ry repraai.-e mea.ure that
Caarill braiD& could cooceint wu inat.italed... BQ1
~ned~E=
:c.:·~e:r,,a;t:.;:;-:u:-;:
inA the wildest ergiee of eutCUtioa our Party ~
tinued with it• Worlt.. u.Reta beaded "'The rnola·
tioa it Lilled-;.onr; lint the rwvolulioa!" Co'la'ed
t1oe poob oa enry palhway.
In the ouly momi"ff.
tho - . , ; . ol
~ "'•olutio.W.. ....Wiy took piece, ell .,...
tho land could be board the CTia o1 our Coa:radoa
u the): were Mol down : ..l..ons lite tbe Rew-olutioD I
Lon~ live Socialiun!" And t1.c.::e bst me.Mp
•*
Hum o-u dyins Comrade~ Jrel'e Dot farpUCD by
th~ wbo remaiDed oo the job.
II So.;., Ruaia baa aow left opea roMl:f"
the Baltic Sea, one openi.Dc ill the loa.« liDe fr,.a
the Block Sea to the far aortlo, t'- iloe ud doe
world rnolotioe 1llDIIl thank tbe IIDCOIIIpro~
inouumt wor\ ol tho Commoaiot Party ol ........._._
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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New York Communist, 1919-06-07
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1919-06-07
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n08_19190607
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2018-08-13
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n08
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
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Forty Thousand Expelled by Seven
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New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/461f9cd43e5ceb48e152cd9ba0b2f44f.pdf
be0fc70d107cbeb2b2d4cad8480e0c11
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Text
)
75he
New York
•i
COM .M UNIST·I
Bourgeois Dictatorship
B
OliRGEOIS dictaton;hip in Local New York!
Is it poto..~iLi r? Bo urgeo is in the Sociali!t
Party? Kon~nK!
Comrade:>, Lill'!'T thuuf h the pill m&)' be. we m u.<.t
1wa llt•"'' it. Is the Bourgeois Uictatonhip in Local
f"e-. York a mu!>l1room f!T0 \\1h '! \\a ~ it 6<:1 UJ\ reo
aoutly to f•pht thC' re\•o lutirmaq· dernenl5 in the ~ o.
C'la l i<:t l'n rt~· . o r ha!l' it been den !lo ped for year!,
onl ~· to npJttar m true cok.rs in a !>Ctiuu:. p nr1y
rti.!>is? '\'01., fo r \'ear~ v.e ha\'t: h od a OictaiOt t:hip
o f the Uuur~f'OI!- i~ .in Loc:;a l i\t"' York. Uut it.,...• ~
h idden . It V.' M ntmo uOllj;t'tl.
pte:-f'nl Left
\\ ing c ti!-b, h u w,.t·er, h a!: to m o fT the ,·eil. The
han it' Ld"'·c:t=J! the · Lrh and H i~:ht for Part~· con·
It (.! I J,a~ unm.:1~l.ed thp bourgt-ois d :rt ~ ton of Local
T\r-k' York. HL•re. tP\erc i!' e dcadh para llel with
the DictutorJ;Iup or'thl" llnurveoi~ie in •ocicty. \\'e
ha n• a lk·aH hod R HourJ!.eoi! DicllitOhh ip in all
ca p i tali~t Countrle-. m una rd ut!:" at- k'e ll a t- free
ti'J • U) , )i~!' ; Lut it t oo~ o k orld ,k·or to mal,;e e,·j.Jent
to the k·orkint: cla.w; the t"istenr e of bUch a dictator ·
t:hip.
The k'tilrr u~ the term " Oictalor..hip of tl1e
Bo!uf!!eoitoit:" not hcca uJ-~ ell thofo.e k'ho ore doing
the cJirl<lting in Local \ e k· York Ldont: to the
Do ur~eo i1 ie. M a n~ of them are k'orker!'. For that
ma tter, man~• of tl10J.e \o\' ho 15uppte5!' the k'Otking
ci A!l! are k'orJ,;ns. Heme mlter that ~o<abs, dJUES·
flQiice. l':nd e;oldien are in the ,na in proletarian L~·
Lirth a ud r;tatus ! The term "lJictoton.hip o r the
Bour~~i s ie'' is tmplo~·ed bec:au"e the meth~ empJo,·cd b,• the · bureaucratic offic ialdom of Local
l\r~· York, in ill< fittU@'f!'le l@'aimt the m.b!l of mem·
bt-nh ip con!.lituting the Left \\'inc:;, ro-emLle, in
man)' • ·an;, the me~ws employed by the bourS"'iiie
in ita fi~t agai.nl!t the prolet.arial
Elll"LLTMEI'fT Of' SHIBBOLETOS
Call for a National Conf~rence of
the Left Wina
Cull /or a ,\·ot,ona.l Luni trrncr oJ tht lAJr ril'll
oJ rhr AmrtJcon ~ueUJlut /'rUI}, i.uurJ b, il.o<-o.l
IJos/on, rl~uu.u C. f uun.o, ~ttrlloryJ; L..o nl Lltlt·
lond, ({.. 1.. Hutl.rnbn,., !lrcttlm JJ; orwl 1~ IA/1
,,,., .' rtiWttJ 1>/ t hr ."o.·>Dii.u Porh' oi 1\rw: )'ork
(.'''· (.llcu;:mltDn (.ohrn, Sr crrtw)J.
1 hr 1n lr m:11 i"n~l •i1Ua1icn and tllr erl.i• in the
Amrncan ~~•h•l Put•: tor uboua;r t br panv
huro IHit'rt.(') l1u rr.actn·td nn the rtntl~rney D•IIUnal
i:on• l nlnm; the 1\. l l.. al,~t'llll~ uw JJ&ny with thf'
IWCI.. I·p&t u uu .at l!C-rn'c, •uh tilt W r1p eu of thf'
Grc ..t flrtra • al : lht Dt'f'-r,..itr ul t l"'Con.trurtina our
~l 1ry m &rl"f•rJ wnh rtH•Iutional") f'lotOi._-e.l l thia.
.and mure. m .. L.,. it nff~l") that lhr rMolutionuy
forrr-• in tl1t' Sul"Lall.i P.an) &<1 tot::nher for cou.nael
, and I C'IIIIIl.
T hit WI uo tht-rdurt la.lucd, for the bold.inr: of a
r\.atinnal <.unft-re nrr of thr Lc.ft V.&q of Wr Ameri·
c.an Sr>r• liat l'.any, to d'-cl.lll :
l.-Tin~ ni•it in the paM), .and actioo thereon : lhe
S:~i:!t.uf tllr P!I"Y fuf !bt- party, lor rnolutioo&ry
~.-Tllr ~rw
.~~~~:aru::oh:,h~0= ~lfi:t~~ ~ie.caS.i~l::
alone i!. ~ponsi.ble. that the prolelaliat is unfit to
rule. that the proletariat i& irrellpontible. and that
\c: proletariat JD\111. be in the p-ip of boeaiam. The
) 'any Bureaucracv ha!' bloated Local New York'•
leaden.. of rank Sodaliaa comprcmiae with the
.de. that they alone are fit to rule. that they alone
ec 1"'f"5ponti.ble. thut the m.a..t1 of the Party membert
an: not to be t.r'USCed and unfit ~o rule, Lhat the mua
of Partr ·memben are inespon.ible, and that the
- . . of Pany memben mwl "" ;, lhe grip of 00..
iom.
'
C mracJ.m. oar fif(bt is not apinlt the capital in
u ttn indiVidual. Our hattie i.J aga.inlt the cond.i.·
tiont.bretding the cariLMJist- the private Ok'Detllhip
o£ 11e means of proriuction &nd u change. Corn·
nd.., our 6~t i• not a gainat the P&rty bureaucr~t
u IQ individual. Our ~attJ,. is attaiDit the ecndi·
tioo• bn>odiJ>g lhe Party bw.ucra1- lhe poliey o!
eoc.i• refO'Tillism. of Saci..liat eompromiae.
l ntem.tliona..l ; -.av• and mnat to
ptf'Ytnt tht pam alt:n!n~: iu.df w;lb thr •Jnt-rml·
t:oni :- of tht K>CJ.al·paulut.a. of Lht- [btn-Schtldt·
m.ann ,:an~•ltra. .and the wavrrln~; . aalrt: a!iliation
,.·ith tbt lk..labCTik·Sput&CIJI Ccunmunif.t Intern•·
tiona..l aJ.rnr.
3.- Tbc fonuubtion of a declaration of principle.
and purpo.n of a n.ational .eupe of t..be Ldt \\ ia&
of t.he Amtrican Soci.alltt Panr.
·
4.-ForminJ .OilH' .on of • oational c:oundl or
burr..au of the Lth
for propap.nda, llleCilJ'iD&
PARTY DUR&AUCIUTS Al'fO CA"ITAUSTS
The Dictat or~hip of the Par1y Bureaucracy in
Local !'\e•· York rcs.ereblea the Dictator!rlhip of the
Bourr;eo ~ ie in capiwli!l •ociety, hut, in the &en&e
that u.e exil'l tence pf hoth depends~pon the J>C!•
petu:.tion of ,pre6ent condition!'. With the death of
the capita lil't ~~·~tern of production, through a Pro·
lel3rinn Dictatonhip. comf$ the death of the Bour·
. Eeoi~ ie a' . a ruling cia!! . With the death of
"Moderate Sociali!-m," Right U'ingism, in Local
r\ek' York. through a victur; of the Left \\'ikg or·
ganiution, cotn~ the extinction of the Party
bureaucracy. Without ~epitalist &OCiety, the bour·
tteois ~oes to the scrap heap. Without the con·
tinuance or ' the present refonn tactics, the Local
J'e"'· York bureaucrat foes to the ~~Crap hea~. ln
a real Socialist lCommunist J eoci~. the bourgeois
"'·i~l have to go to work in order to live. In a real
Socialist Pany, the bureaucrat will have to go to
work in or~er to live. lknor&nce of the Proletariat
is the food upoo "hiCh capitalist rule thrives.
Ignorance of the ma.N of the P:arty member~ it the
food on which Socialist bureaucracy lhrivet. 'll)e
OOurgcoisie. throu~ subsidizing and t•wning the
educational institutions. make •:cure their dict.tor·
r.hip by epreading falaitie! and ll0pori6ct amon~ ~e
proleUri.an&. The Party bureaucracy, throuF 111
prh·ately owned ~d ~ontr?lled, i.n~titutions..of
leamin~. makes ~«.ure ·It• d~eutorehtp by mum·
forminl!i the m~-. or Party mcmben u to the
acienec and philoeophy of. Sociali.Jm.
•
ID
We now come lo the tJCCond dement common to
lhe lJictatonhip of the Bour~:co i !oie and to the
Part~· Uurra ur r ac~·. I lut\e in ' mind the employ·
ment ·of ~ i LOOicths •hich blind the worktn by
the-ir dllUiins brillianq. ·
When the bour(!eoi•ie is conhont~ by tht work·
n.e
t
Price 5 ~ta
New York, Saturday, May 31, 1919
Vol I, No.7
uf
inform.~tioa
wan,
ud eprudina i.olonnation.
5.- To npreu and dnw to1ethe:r t.ht rnolutioo.ary
forca in tht p.IM) ; to c.onaidcr other meua of fur·
therinJ the
C&UM'
of rnulutKtD&r,. Sod aliam.
Tbit c.all lt iuucd to' loc.at. of lht: Socia..lill Pany,
br.ancbCI and U.h '1\'inr: c rouP' witbih tbt p.a.rty.
~::t t:f J:~ ~t:',.i;f=t~ :;o,h~i~l:'·~·~ !'f',br:t~
da..lill Pat:fy of Cruter
~tw
) 'or*.
~It " inlt 1~1• an- i~~rittd to arnd ddea,11e. of.
fict.ally. \1, ben: • JQC&) olicia..lly rt.flilft to partici·
p.ale, branc::he. or minority lfOUpa in t.bt par1f •c::·
~rtina tDe principle. of t.b~ Ldc \\· ~q ebouJd arod
dr~e«aca.
Rtprnentali..,D--Oae df'lecatt for nwy 500 mnn·
ben. No Joc.a..l or pvop abould ttDd more than fo-ur
ddtple.. Local• or minority poup~ with leu t.hu
500 memben are rntitJtd to one ddepte.
.
The eonlertnu will be htld al&rlinc Saturday,
Junto 2L in r\rw York City F.ac::b dekcate wi1J be
land US lo~ a cctral fuod. out ol wbida will be
paid the npeuea of all ddtcata.
Lt/1
Fitt.« lAul.t f&IWl B'•ru:lau, aa! SnJ Ut~t·
.Wru:icuoru to MtuinoiUiut Co/we., 4J Fut 29111 S1,
Nn~~ Yorlr Citr.
en' demand for a largrr ah.are of the produru,
Local N~ Y.
Party bureaucr.cy yelpe from .abo.,: ..UD.ity
Unity! At thi• time above all, ~.mity! l:.d. ..
a united front agaimt the commoo eoeD:ry! Ld •
relhcr fighl capil&liun llwl 6ghl eoch other!
tbe Pany orga.niutioo!"
The proleta.riam who become '•pok.elmta fw
their du$ are brapded by the Bourpoia;e u trU.
toNI, rorei~ agent&, yellow dOp. apiet, llDd Bol·
hhe\·iU. ?:iThei.n&ur~~>t! epcak.in8 for the rnolti:Ds
""".. of
rt y memben:hip are br&Dded hy the
leaden of
Rip:ht a.s agenlA provoat.car., di.
b.a.,.;
s...
ru~~';i~: c~c;:::c:-tei:rken
are claaKooK ioub enougf1 ' to t!'AtahiUh a· Prolet.arian Dictator·
he~; in the upropriatioo of the bourpoia.ie ·
a nd the Luilding of the Communi• ord~. The the
capitalisls and their intellectual 1ycophant1 .bed
lear•. They pl.. d for dcrnoc:nc:r! They yelp!
..Sa,·e democracy! Gi\·e every ooe i. cbaDce 10
tdccide the kind of government be w&Dll. ' Vote!
\\'e donlt bdie\'t in 11 dictatonhip or
clut!
We "'·ant no clab rule! We' de~pilc vi9lmce! We
are all memben of God~ human family! ._'lay
looL. for new ro1dJ of freedom when we hue a
Congrb!o, a Constitution. court& cf ju.ttice. a Prai·
dent, and lhe bollo1 ? V.l>r nol employ lhe "'l"lc
channel" o£ 'go,·emmeot to auain )'OPH ~~:oal ?"
time C'Orr.es k'hen the mau of Party membat h.
come clear·he.tded and aclr-c:ooaciou eaou,sb to t.
ayNeDlllticatly united. tJw ia, orsani.&ed (or tJ:.
realization of tht>ir will to revoluti~n.i.Ee tbe Patty.
·Then 1he Righi Win~ ph.olans, oceompuied by a
horde o£ !ying and ignorant alucatora. hura.
anathemu. From the hoJJid.Oj,s they lhout: ...Why
nol uoe lhe rogular Pany c\rii11D<It? ' Why baild
a :&late within a lll.ate'-u~ orsuiutioo wUhiD organiz.ation ? We have conve~~~tioaa! W'e ha,.
national. elate. city ceotral aDd eucatift eoa:uait·
tfD! \lie have BrancJi meetinp! Vote! I>ilca.b
Let ever; one have a ri«bt to ' hia opiDi<lol Be
tolerant! Be fair! Be juat! Bo dtmocnlict We
are comrade. after all!"
In t.be her-doy of boorpu ~ doe
tyrannr of the e~pitalitt clut is veiled by parli.
menury form,, Behind theac: parli•mentary forw,
ie hit.lden the Dictatonhip of the Bourpoi.tie. Tbe
adm.ini., trative MICtion o( tbe flO~ dae ~
inet. is nothing leu 'than tbe u.ecuti'l"e commiaee 1:
')f ·the c.apiLAli.bt ciUI. Bourpoie coatrol o( propmy and the metn.s of life it JiYeb cmd.irid.d al·
tention and cumplete protection. Proletariaa u.
ditJmrraochiN-.d! Their vote~ ue either comapled:
or deetroyed. And em.inent peraooaliO. "f'ic 1rida
each olher in dopms lhe workins eJ. . with toelol
oucotica! The proa, the pulpiJ., aDd tbe l~w...,.
u a DeW holy triu.ity to club tbe w~ i:lllo
•hip. and
.a,
n.
ipora.ooe.
y,., ;, lhe bey-doy of Party clomodocy. ill doe
bey.doy of lhe we of ~lar Party c:hoaDola. lJo..
iem ICI"VC. aa the lubricant of the P&rt'J' ~
Behind 1he r~lar demOc:ralic: Pany .,....,.. .
duro, and legolily bicleo t.be Dieui~.P o! 1M
Pany Bwuuer.u:y. W i - the , bip-baDclrd,
wboleule ••n:-orsuU:atio'o"-ia ,..lify, ~
-of Local N.,... York by ill .....,W ts-ti'" C...
mittee!
aame U:eeotift CollliDiaee. er....t:
by the f..eotul CoJDJIUttee. izule6Aitely adioana d.
DW.Idin8l of the Ca:ttril Comm.ictee. Tfte tu.t-1
comminee~ and o5cen are pan utd: plftl8l J die
Party &rcauer.cy. Our Soc:iaU., &a:rea.::ncy1
cootrol• all Party pro~ ud all o...- of propeo8..,r1a and odueatioo. Tltc Call, Tltc To.-.. -.1
the Rand School are .,ri'f'llely owaed aDd c.at-.trolled rmterprita. n,e u.aurtn &Del 1 - tl
moet Branch~ &,fe eit.hc.- pU1 of the &a:rea.::ncy
or its .uJ.er-vieat asenta. 1be Socialiat Ba.r.eracy tr:ivca ill undh·ided aueatioa to derit.iAa ..,..
and ~I&DJ of m.Uios .mOll -ure ill bold 01i dootc.
mea.oi of Pany life. Comrada are cl-.rruc::I:U.ed
unconllitutioaally I WitneY the cue o( &be Jewilla
Downtown Branch: of the 17th A. D.;
dae 6lJW
A D. : of the f'f'oOrranU.aioo of Loc.a:l New YOIL
Voles are doc:lared void on the III"D&&lelt tchaieality,
and UPJC. corfti<'tir1g inttfucliont are ~ ~~
rderendUJDJ a;e blocked"'ur ubot.qecl. Our ~
leaden •ie with cacb other ...,.Wtios" Braadrilao.t
il uyo : "We, lhe r:.opilalitu, ha"' buill up lhe
indu.tries throu8h many yean of hard, De~
nw
rackins labor. Jf it were not for oar brain. there
would be no lar!e ic.ale productioa and 6:iency.
We gin~ you waga and thu1 keep you aliT"D. U it
were not for Ul, you would alaln"'C." Wbc:o the
P.ny bureaucrats are confronted by a de:rru.nd of
tbe.,.... of .......ber.hip lor a larp .bare of Pany
wer, 'they uy : ... Wet the leaden. the olkiale.
ve built up the Pany lbrou~Sh n:any yean of hard
work. If it were oot. for oor Mill and ekimcy,
there would be DO SOeiali.Jt Party. \\'e made the
Party and you .boul~ ~· thank.Iul to ua...
Should t.bere bo ~a.osft of tbe proletariat bocomins clu.conxiouJ.. th• a palraotir. l'e'\iwal U.
etarted-. war ill declared. 'The bourgoois thea
prates' of hit frienthhip for the poor workingman.
of hi• ..crifice foz U:e faU~rland, and of dtfcmc ·
of country. He criCI : ...Labor mwot do itA tbaro.
Save. the countrr! . lAbor u,J capiLal mn~l pf'CIC.Dl
a un11t:d front agamat toe CODllt\On enem)'. l'!'lil)' !
Unit)' ! Let us h:&ve u.nity !" Sbo.Jid \here be a
dan(l"l' of lhe ..,... of tbe Parry ..-bon booomiari wielrli•1 their "inO.-.." .......,;1..1,. ·
aelf-oofYcioUI, thm campaip for bu.iJ~ rri.nl· 1DN8 of ..-nbenhip is p;i\'- aucia ...........
iDs pl...u, ..,d r1r:r- fundt are ... II"~ The
(Co"'Wre4 o• pop 6.)
r.
·
or
n.
,.
�z
The New York Communiat
&'HI New York
COMMUNiST
016c:ial
o.....,
of tbo Left w .....
Soclalut Partr
s.eu-.
Owaed aad CootroUed b,. 1..-.1
C...tor New Yoril
Edilor
Jou" REED .
Auocink Edilor
LUUIO:"f~ MACALPII'ft •
M.uiMIUA... Courl"f •
BwWu ltfaMStr
Edilori.al 8txUJ
N. L Hol!IIWlCH
M. Zuaa
B. D. WoLFE
J. W~UP<~:no I
· Publiahed Enoy Week.
"''
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I Yur - ------------------r----$3.00
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Sin«l~ Copi<1, 5 Cen1a
Bundle Orden of 10 or onr, 30 Ceu1.1 a Copy.
43 Weot ztlh Street - - - New York City
T
Murderen of the People
Ht reporttd recott:nition of the om~ Go\'UO•
crnment under the d•ctat,,r Kolchak h)· the
Go\"ernmcnt~ u£ f::n~ l and, Frantt, Italy and the
l 'nited Stn t~ fminsly caps the h ~· pocrisy, douhl&de.1tfhg and treachtr)' ~· hich has characterized the
Jt::~. of
go,·ernm~nts
tbou..aoch of worken and pe.!Nnb withoul trial:
Kolchak, who!e Hdealh train" of Bol.hevik pri•
onen U the horror of the \-\·hole world; Kolchak,
- ·ho iA repudiated by all liberty-loving meo the
world Qve:r, whatevfT their politM:-.1 opiniona.
Toda)' the upitalist preea it s....--re.aming esuhant·
ly that the hanered and atarvint( armiea of the Prol~arian Republic are bt:ing pu~ohf'd back on 111
fronb. Already in their co lumns is br~innins to
appear the fu:ree fote!ohadowing note of lhe great
He\·enge. Jf Capitalist lmperialil!m wina in Rut·
Chicag,f'May 26, :19.
Comrade Cohen:
Thanks for your good letter. I expect the
Ri~;ht Wing to lry the ume tactics national!)•
~ l ocally in i'\ew York. Wrber i1 here helping
to steer the game. But the)· are losing and
· they k.no ~ il- hen-:e their panicky aclion•.
The ra~·er the~· go, the h arder they y,•jJI fall.
lla.\'e no fear " 'hnte,·cr of the final outcome.-..
\\e AJe .Jurr to u·in. 1\"inet-y per cc.nl of the
pref!C"dt membenhip wanu HevolutiOnary So-ciaiWn.
So &it tight. Keep your membership intact.
Let no one .I'JUit. Let nol a Ji11gle member or
Branch ~· ithdraw from the Port~· \·oluntarily.
Wait till thf'y are upelled. Slick. Help u.s
"'·ith the national f1~hL It will ral..e three
month~. but the Red rT"int. Don't let anyone
talk •plit. This Party is Ours and we are so.
1
ing to pro.ve it.
Yours in Revolt,
L £.. KArrmn:U).
•ia, there " ·ill follow a massacre that "'·ill make the
[,er since So,·iet Ru,sia. by Revolution, brought
do.,.· n in t !Jin!> the mipht or Hohenzullan ~rrna n )',
the AWed Guw·rnmrnt,. ha,·e open lr u~umed the
the iml~eri :di1-tir tn!>L or crushins hufl}An liberty irr
the "'·orld. _!>e, erel~· rcpro.~inp the, Of.lJlO~ition at
home. the Go,ernmer1L• of Eneland. Franc-e, ltttly,
Japan and the L'nited St<ttb h~u·e in!'i!'ted ll-at the
Gcnh..&n 11nJ Austria11 re,·olution!l .JJall not be , 0 •
ci41 rtvolution~. and h:u·e lUll troop~ to attack the
punishment of the Paris Commun~ look like a pic·
nic. The capilnli,.Ldnaa the world o'-er is licking
iu lips in anticivation.
h is the fault of the "..-arid's "'·orkin,: clua if 5o-' 'iet llut.!.ia l5 made a thamLI~ by the capitalist
~o,·emffient~- of the ' 'ictoriow Po"'·tta. h if. our
f11uh if our Comrade!' in Europe are sirickcn down
by the murderen of the people!
Rwian So,·i<t fiepulolic.
TI1e . Eurupean Cu,·ernments openly proclaim
tllat tiJeir objt'\'l i!- to de~tro\" the ~u,·iet Co\'t rn ·
ment. and Uo lshe'l·it~m .,.. ith it. n~e l_;o,·ernmf'nt of
th l
dS
d
e nile
talC'S. through it, muuth -piere, Woo ·
row \\ iJ!'on. e1prt!.~~ \" U~e humanit:arian phrases
full of noLle 11ound, bu1 dar~ not tel l the truth
about in,·a~ion in Hu5.!ia.
~ As a ntJ'I IICr or fac-t. the A..~iated Po~·er!' ha\'e
been ("OttaFed, "'·ithout a declaration of ~·or, in murderinr "'·urken and peasant~ in co ld blood, in order
to rn.air- tht! ~·orld Fo(e fur the blood~· rep:imr- uf cap·
itaiUm. whir h h:1!- watertrl thr enrth ~·ith thr.: blood
of the work in~ cia~~ for a hundred ~·Cfl.ts. and fin·
i•hed up with the gi~antic holocaust of tb.e Grut
\hr.
Immediate(~· followinf! the: ProleLHt i11n Re\·olution, the eacu~ for ho~tilih· to"'·ard So,·iet Rusaia
·was that tlu~ ~rmam- wtte in control. The: United
• tate. (P<)\'ernmenl !§urported thi1 ,·iew h)· the pub·
licatiun of a teri~ of f ur~ed documents. "'·hich d~
eeivtd n o one. The fall of Imperial Germany com·
pletel~· dntroyed thi& fahric:~t ion.
Then it was "t,o ~ard military 11tores and protect
the rear of the Tchdo:ho-S ioul1'"-the Judu na·
.tion - and to "re~torr- Ia"'· and order·"
The:
Unite-d Statn Conmment dcliberateh· incited the
peoples of the ~·orld •f:•inst So,•iet RUMia by pub·
li•hiu~ an ''appeal to humanity" a~aimt t.he gTeatly
ex~ated Hed Tt-rror-at the !lame time ignor·
ing the horrible \\llite Ttrror of the Tchekho·
·Sionh in tht! \'ol~~~ \'alley, nnd of Mannttheim
in Finland.
Wjth phratt:1 about "jut;tiee" and ...elf-dctennin·
ation" on their lip!i!. the l taiC!mcn of the capit, li-.t
Po~·en tent armed lrOOII!' to •hoot down H•11·5i:m
worken o~nd peaunt! defenrl!.n~ their own rrole"tarian ,OYernmcnt-the fi ut Go\·cmment nf lhe
Ptople in the h h-tory of the . ...·orld. While i!!..'uing
~~~Yc:,~~~~~:n~..'d~~n:Ji!:~ ~~:o~~~e;o~7! ·~=i~
cbartu.:
5th Ruuian-Ukrainean of Ru.uian Fedcratioa;
Dew Hun-
88th Ukraine-an of Ukninean Federation;
r,.u ian Branch of Hungarian Federation.
8t',wun sMa rAou..um.d and lhirly·fivr lw.ndrrd
ITU'mbrr.J of Locol Ntu.· }'prlc laaw no vo&cc nor
Don't Leave the Party!
to.,.·ard SoYid
the capitaliSt
Forrip1 BrGN:MI.-ht RuMia.n, 2d RUMiab, 2l..a.
Vhaincan, 2d J .#•UiM.. 52d Lithuaniu.. iAhoo.Wa,
Hungarian ( Yorkville), Sr-anith, German-Hunpr·
ian, haliaz~ 2d A. D., Je.,iah 2d A. D Jewi.a!: 8&h
A. D.
The followins new Branch.. bo.. ._, ...Cuoocl
The Still-Born City Convention
th l~e St('e Executi\'e Cumntillee hu 4edare-d that
e ity ommiuee exceeded its authorit y in calliug
a City Conl"ention of t11e Par.y Branches of Cre:ater
i\"e~· York. and declt.res that the CoO\·ention will be
'II
1 n ·
· · k
h f
f th
1 e1a ·
15 »elton t!' In en to ..ave 1 e ace 0
e
Ri~ t \\'in~en, "'·ho " 'ithdrew from the City Corn·
miuec a!' suon a!! they di~eovered thnt the Ldt Wing
h:~d a majority there. In the beginning the Right
Wingen • ·en just u anxious to call the City Con·
vent ion u the Left \\'inf(en. The Ri@hl Wing .till
imap:ined that it had a majority amonp- the ·rank
and file, and that the l..t:ft Wing Manifesto and
Program could be dispMed of in the Con,·ention.
But 110 "', the Hight 'Winp: knows that the majority of
UOk
&n Pa~ty affoiT.J.
.
The Stale E:u:cutive Comm.iuce i• ..reorsanizing"'
the entire State, which meam, exvellins all Wt
Wing LocaiRThe Firel Ruuian Branch hu been expelled from
the Part)·, and the expubion hu hem eiadoned by
theN. E. C.
The Right Wing, on the CYe of countins the •ots
of the referendum on Party ofrtciab. thut ditqUa!i.
lies tl•e Lell Wing \'ot~. On the eve of the Emers·
CDC)' 1'\.aiun•i Com·ention, called at the in.tance of
U:ft Wing l..ocala, th; Ri~ht W.it•~ .takes action to
prnent the ahondance of delegatee repre.to~tiD.A"
the n st majority of the Party me.mberehip.
Aher all the protests against tl1c .. illegality" of
"an or~anizatin, within an organit..ation"; after
the outcry that ..the Party Corutitution and by·lawa
prol'ide adet"JU&Ie means for formulating new Party
po licie-5 and tactic&'-th"e officialdom of the Farty
deliberately violates it. own rules and itt own Con·
•tit uti on.
These are the methods of the capiL&Ilal. 'political
democratic State. It profes.ea ..democracy" until
t11e popular ma5&CS undertake lo exerc:i.e their pr~
rogati,·e; tl1en it calls in the Courta to interpret, or
the police to •upprcu..
We, of the l..t:ft \1/ing, were right in refwins to
trust our Party ..leasden". We of the Ldt Wing
were rjght y,·hm we accwed them of not being SociJ.li.u..
Left
w·mg Bogey
By Nic.bolaa 1. Hoarwid:t
The IUCCCil~ of the ..Left Wing" of the A.me:ri·
can Socia)i,;t Party begin e'•idently to frighteD
the official leaden of the Social Opportunista.
From this fear •pring the ..radical me&rl.l.ree."
to which indh·idual Party .. leaden" and thto Party
machine rmort in their llru~lle again.-: the ...edj.
tiow•· cfelhenu • ·ilhin the Party ·, from t.h.U f-·
aprin- the haste with whoc
' h, fo-•'ng the el·=r-
• ....__
......
ing po~ibility of defeat at the Emergency ConYen·
tiun, the)' expel from lhe Party or diM:redit the u,.
dti"V'ftdent thinking memben, and even whole •Left
wr;s:,
...
The
m~gnitude of the danger thrutm.in@: the
dominating Right Wing can be judged, for ~
from the fact t11at ..L:ft Wing Sedition" hu reoelrated C'\'en •uch a bulwar¥ of ..reapect.able" Soci.aJ.
ism as Milwauk~. guarded bf the mrltro and
th
mbe h
:h
idoolol!"e of ·Am.:rie.u: Sacul Opportuniam, the
d th
5
St:teDlE.xec:."ivt d:m~t~\ d:CJ~_,:e~seuacC:ven~ · ..Socialist'' CongreNm&D, member of the National
tion illef[al
E.xecuti\'e Couuniuce of the Pai-ty, Victor BerF.
Sirnultaneousl)· the Rand School hu refl15ed the
The Alilwauku Uoder. published iD Mihuukee
utc 0 ; People'• House auditorium for the Conven· and edited by Berger-- WSoc:ialitt paper.,---deems
l ion.
it even wite to devote to thie "'dan~" a apecial
, Theee arc the latest tactica of the Party hoNea.. editorial under the aipifie&DI apt.ioo : ..Do We
They k.now that the referendum ia ~;oing againlt Want Violmce.. ?
·
· .
them qve,-,.·helminf:!ly, ,.0 they reor,anize pnd noel
Thie editorial is worth ditcusain~. becau~ i1 pn. ·
Branches, and then throw out their voto. They compltte expl"'t:!Mioo to the ..phil010pby" of the
k.no"'· that the National Emer~ncy Counntion is Ri~t Wing, u _well u to thotc weapoDI with whid.
@Oing ap:ain.t Lhcm. 10 lhey diaenfranchi..e the the latter ia ready to um itaelf in i b ltruQie lo
memberMip.
cru.h and de~Uoy lhe hated ..Left Wins"·
It ~·ill not work. We inlend to p ut our eandi·
!be central point of tbe editorial, u ean be ~am
dstea in o&X:e. We intend to hold the ~at ion;~.) from the caption. ia the question of •noJt:DCe".
· Emert:enc~· Com·ention. And we he-re"'·ith inform
We &haJJ not d.iecu• here the ~eienti6c ioeornct.
all comr;,dea that I~ Cit)' Conwruion will~ Mld, neu of the- term ...\'iol~". The main wei~t o£
on Ike clllk G«Trttl .,pon, occordiA« IO tM o"'i,wl lh
t'
't .
I b th Lei w·
.
plGru. lnttead of the People's Hou.e.
shall no~
~~h0ctJ:/ ~!Jm:" J.oulJ orm.l~:M''::!:
probablv, meet at Queen's County Labor Lyceu.m.
be u.ed; but in the appHcation of the reftlat~
Frorn'all OYer the count.n· a landslide I...eft Wing- DlUI method of ltrvg-gle. 'Ae ColD be sleuecif~
, -ktory i• mo''ins down on thtca@:O· Expel as they the led of the artic:ie.. the term •riolence" il u.ec1
• ·ill-reor,anlte u they will-d\ey cannot reoq~:an· by 1M edrtorial writer of theM~ -~ iaUe and expel Branchs u fast u they so LeJt W10!· atead of the term ..re-rolutioaary medlod of llh"ll«·
Panic·&trickm. the Ri~ht \\'ing-, throush the sle", ud aled ddibentely--in the .m. of the
0
we
:f
q:,es
..
=
~.e ~~a~ii~! h!n~:ds b~f~~~~~~d::fi~o~~~ :b:u~~~~
~·~~it~~· !:u~P!!! U:.!tinrti~ ;~~e .r;:U:d~:rn,ot~::to~...,!:
split- in order to hne the pitiful relllD&Dt of the eioa "r ,.. Jutioa.uy method. of cugle.., ..upe.
:!~~ ~~n~~~i7k :~r.~~~~!k N:~ mo~~ : : ; ~~ Party is oun. Life ~j;!; ~ ·~~..~-~Y o!:r::;
1
0
dfeds attempting- to ratore Tl&liml. the rettora'l of
ilaeU ia with the Lelt Wizl«!
aad defiDite-a.Dd tberelore_ more ..CD) for ..,,
vodka, Cot..dl. rule ..,d popoms.
r the M'fweabe "Sociaa •
f
be
T'
VllrJ>OOM
. ~---t"-·iot p . . -,
While pro<..iins Of!eiail "Bolohe.ik prop•··
~""da." the osmu of the Aaaocioted p 0...,. m _
tatiatica 0 t .
11D1L
error
1tlr .....,. - - · - R..,io eorn~pttel oSeul•. eetivel• ua;lltel the
Maoy Comroclee UDOf!U'O tbet we aro ....,....
Berp'o odhorial proei.U. 6nt: -n.. Loft
counler·I'C'\·olution, at•J unda con; of d iplona.atie in! the proportion~ md p..,ity of the nnbl.. Win~ waDI. to me riolmce. Of ~ thef do
immunrt,-. ploned to overthrow &be Go•em.meat of campaip api~Mt the l..elt Wins iDauprall!ld by . DOl dindly ..,. ao"-malicioaaly l"'mW'b tlae ~
the Ru.1aa People.
Loc:.al New York·a Es.ecutift COCillllinee. For ~be u, wiUa a look towards police~ "'".Sa.
Now they ""'""";.., the "Go-~ of Kol· boDe6t of U... Comradeo- publ;.b tho foll"""'' thmp ...,_
well be oeid.opeoly. Bot L 1001
chok: Kolchok the ToarUt, th. mon of block rq>atl· idl of Brooebeo roorsonistd. iD pr..- of roor· -d tbe:ir writiDp JOG COD . , . . . to DO other - .
tion under the old regime: Kolchak, the debaucher faDi.&ation, and lhow. to whom b.alloca ,han be. chaaioa.. • · •
of Slbttian pC.u.anu. ; Kolchak, •bo •uppreued the denied. ot""whDM YOte bas bee:a throwu oat:
•
--rbe Left Win«en WUI to iDdtp • ...-Ma ol Tio.
l&ij ,..,.;F.. of democrotic o...odo.tioo; Kokhok,
Ln~luA Bran<A...-lot A. D., 2J A. D., 3d·5th· 1- upriaiDp. uoma the ~odo of the Sp......,_
who fo•hadc lolx>r union.. .,..., u the Taar did ; lOth A. D., 8tb A. D. 171il A. D. lllllr2Dilo A. D., of c..m..,y u their model. bopma that """",orio.
who, .,._tel, joilod ....,! ....-end thOUOIIDdo •poo 22d-23cl A. D.
ma will loriq ~ • Uale - · to tho pel ....
S
• •
P'-'-
.:_':,"---•. ·
..;y
�'n.e New York Comanml.t
J
The I. W. W. and Bolshevism
B, JobD Raecl
'T'HE Moy nu""- of Q.., Bii Uoioo,lhe L W. W.
J. m onth ly na8a.zinc, coot.i.na a number of au:r·
pri.-.ing IUJiemenlA about Bohbrvi.am. aad the
Bol11heviL:i. which .ho.,.· a complete mi~eonception
of the revolutionaT)' Soc iaiWn aod of what hu hap·
binb to lhe beW IOCiaJ order, and the alale will
aar.onutically ceue lo elic.
An illuttralion of this ;, to be teen in the Dew form
of •tri.lr.---se.nle, Butte, \\' innipeA-whcre tbe
""·orken in control of induatry lind themaelwa
thre.tenrd b)· the capilalist 11ate, and are thenueln1
com~ll~ to 5ct up their o""-n rudimentary ~ovcm .
~f'nl . · ·h K:b undertakes. policin!, feec.ling, etc. nu.
u Proletarian Dictatonhip in eruLryo.
But the writer in OM B~ Uni.on 1«rn1 to belieYe
that the Bolt>hevilr._i intend that the Proletarian Victatonhip .ball endure indefinitely. This, in the f.ce
of conllant reiteration of. Lenin and other Bolr.hevik
•poker.mea. that aa toon u c1pitalism ia deatroyed
the Proletarian Dictatorship al.u van iahi., and
,;'·ea way to · the lndu!trial Order! How, in thia
day, after all the lesson • of the Ruuian Rnolution,
Cln anyone ~ .o ignorant 11 to tallr. thil Anarcbo·
Me~evilr. hoaddle!
Again we quote: -
~in RuaaiL
For eumple, thU :
""'Tnt)
It be Rol.brwilu I, eaptaft'd lhe C.0.tr'IUDftlt by
forr r end pul Uohhrnk. into o!Lrc in pl1oe of tbc o&ciall
or lhr old n"almt. The l)'piul &t.beTik IT"''OhH iOG . . .
, o/u,rol Tn<Oiu,ion bY fo,urt . The nt~ior ch.lnaf!ll ~
mal.r 11:1 IJI,. (.;o• rmmror nuy be rocr 10 contpkuo~ but
•t ill thf')' I t t nm lundatMntaj.. Thew cb.enaee all faD
wuh 1o Lbr outhnN of the Ultlitutioo we ull 'tbc atatc."'
Thi! i$ ju!ol what &J.he\·ik · revoluti on• do not
d o--d!t }' do not merely "put Hol.sh~ ·.i:..... ;1110 oftioe
in plaCf' of the o lfid :. ),. of the old regime. " lneir
pec-ulnr•t~· - the ~ of &lr.hevism-lie~
in thC' h c-t lh ut they hold. with Marx. that "lhe
prolct.uial cannot Ia)· hold of the ready-made Mate
ma chinery and uae it for itr. owu purpotea." They
mu~ d~roy th e capiuli•t tWite, and in order
Th~ Bolth"ik ~lution 11 the eulmiDatlott of PoUt.ieal
lo er.a~r 3le il perrrumently-to dettroy its rooU! JJOCialiam. The p~am of political 10eiala.m ill a ftTJ
-lhr-y mu!-1 Kl up t~mp o tarily a Proletarian Dist."· · ICDUtl one. It it "the abolition of da...ea.'" ""Lbe &bolitioa
of c.apiaalitm.,'" -the ~M~Ci tlitat Mi o of 1he meant of produc·
lion." ~lhf' e.tabiUhmml of a toeiali.a republic," de.• U ·
0
1
prrniun t which •e ow.d•~ :.ate. Hut lhe proJrUD (I( lilt
nature of the ne"' .. ,tate'' is entirelv different frcm pol•t•eal toe i:r.lialt it not •cU worked out on th~ lt)OIII
U1e old one. h s f1\.lrpOK i!l lo a~li!-h the printe important po.nu . They h3tt ltft the dnaila to c.ban.
o"·nenhip of the means of production and distri · 11 the- lui morarnt. At 1 eone.equence they find l.bca.d,..
huti or.. How then can an yone. uy thai the "chango.. d~~:=~ t~e J;o::mi::!u.~~~
:~~~~J o;:lit~:_:j
are not " fundamental ?" 0oef nul the I. 'W. W. ... po-.n. T~ W"'ui.tu maJe a A.l17 uperimrN ..·irA •rNitu,
bw u l.au ~ ..., inform w:, rA~sr or1aru M'f'rt U¥q...l "'
f v:J th .:~. t lhe c.:~.piwlist state ia merd)' the instru· tlu
tcul- o/ loki,. ot•rr prod~Kn'on ONJ distribution. The
rnent by "·hich the upitalir.t awnenhip of property kbeme a. fallina 1pan. and u a rauh Ru.ia il panly
i~ J.eq•t1uated and ltren@'t.hmed?
U not the p!'o- rduminc- to prit·ale ownenh.ip and coouo), p.~nly turalq
letarian conquest and destruction of the lUte a
t!hdir::lr.~:~t~-o:~:,~J.e o:l~,~~~~~ ;;:,";.
.. fund.amental change?"
ductioo tnd dim ibut ioo appu~otly ~io~: io Ct:!Hfrot of
It appe:lr .. that the~ 1. ~·. \\'. iJ lllill enamored the worlrtn dirr\..1 tbn.u&h their induttrial orp.&a.l.ution,
of the idu that it can or,aniz.e lhe workerf- lOO?to at we •v:.ald bu-r il . In tbort, lbe Jklltht'rik ~olutiora ia
under capitali!'m. Apparently the Fellow Wbrlr.era Ru•ia hu not retuhed in lt:lduttrl&l 0cmOM"Icy, but ia.
.;;akeshift or temporuy Un Dit'DICIIt without .ul.Uity,
bcliro\·e, in tpite of • ·hat it h..ap~nins to them now, awitho·11
an y pmenM of • final tolutioli Tbe limitatioM
that they can build up their •·ne•· aodr:ty withiD tof political .ociahun ba~ b«ome plainly di.a«rn..iblt.
the shell of the old" ip lhe teeth of a hollile sov.rn.' ThtTf' are ..ril)llf othn ,tuD"nDtnlt iD R~ia. eac.b with
menL Can't they yt\ see that by sr.ome meant the tb~ if tw:onomit' ptOJf&llo.J. but n o n~ of thm~ would, u far
.. wr ean ee-e. f'elull In lndumiaJ Ota:aocT'a tJ. Whh tM
capitalist State must he destro'yr.d. tn auk~ way for npcritnce
of BoiU.rriaro in Ruuia, we en apin upoa a
the buildin~t up of their new IOCir:ty?
t..u uf lar:s:ilolt fuu r-eiterale our .aaodpoitn whkh ...
Mau.ian Soc:U.Iism demoni\rates that the Ute- bs•e to poenittentJy repulf'd iD yean &oM by, D.IJDe!y,
i. e. the imtitutioM and c1 ... distinction• of tociety that «onam.ic reconttrucl iora of .ocie1y cao.rtot be aeeom·
plilhed by a ao•rrnmtDI tryinJ. Io ordtr thiap with 1 .bJ.i)a
-are dictattd Lr economic condicions; in other band 1bro11.1b laws and rer;ulaliona. but bu to be u or.....UC
wctrds, the capilalilt 1tate i1 the elpret!tion ~f ~ lf'OWlh lmm tht bottom. t.hrCHiah the Utdi&Wil.! orpaiatioa
property relations of modeTD 10eid.y. la order to .A the worktra at Jbt: place of work. Ruw.ia wUJ yet ba"
alter theH: propeny relalions•. tome power of the to u~kle the iauntn.e tuk of orpoJzia1 the workcn lD·
duatriallr. i.a order to obttist 1he a--.ary orpaa for Wd.q
worken must be aet up. \¥"hen private propeny ~ ,!roductioa . . •.
U abolished, the new economic conditione will five
..H,d the politic&l SodaJUu 1t0t beeD 110 perai,t1,.. ia
chief
~:~~.~~~~ :~~~~:h '!~e t~=~i~ ,of~~e 'I~W~~!. CTh~
:h:;bh.!:r
i:;'
ohol ~ler o lew ouobruh ohey will c&rry !be
dav. .
\·
0'But"---..nd here the writer dismia~e~ the Spa.rta·
'un t«tic,._..th~ method• have not •ucceeded
even in Germany ,•· to uy nothing of America. The
author f!vidently never realized that JDOft, if Dot
ell. of the responaibility for the " hilu.re·• o£ the
Spartacaa1 io Germany mu~t be ucri.bed to lili •pir·
itu11l and political partisan..-the Scbeicleman.at!
The victory of ibe workins clau-in the opin·
ion of the editorial "'-ritn--·ill he won oot throush
a ft'\'olutionary atrug~le, hut a a re~ult of a'"politi·
cal 11uc.oeU at the pol:•"· Ja othtt wordJ, thia ia
the well known realization of Socialism .•. throu,F
voting •t elec-tions. throuPt the "parliii!Da'ltary IU·
jority".. Evidentlr the author hu not J;JfO~,
has for~otlen nothine: and 1eamed aothans dunnJ
the last few atormy yun. thou~ he .... lea at tht
bqinnin, that ..near!)· all Socia1iaJa are aoomewhat
more radical than thf')' were he·/or' the war... Ar.
parently be even does DOt belons to thme .. aeu J
all" ..
Howe-ret, th~ author .hows IIOme aiJWU or ••ins·
ins to the "Left"; a tribute. u it were. to the •pirit
of lhe ti.-.
Reluet.outly, h• io ...., read~
to admit the po.~ibility of appUcation of "'iolence
duriDf!: the period of the aoci.l retOmtruction in
this cou.ntry. But Social au OD DO MXOu.nt will be
pihy of ouch ''yjoJenee". They .nil J*ienoly
vole. . .OViolmce" may be •llplied only u a re·
auh of .. provUCA~ioa" on the part of the "coaw:natl••"-pd ..... ohio "alta we (lo.; lheSocio-lioto)
beromc ibe majority".
But tYWl in c.-e ol. ..h .. pro•oeatioa o• JIM
p..n ol the coaaen·.;:!o·• . . . . . lt U oot the pan
or • political pany t.o iDcite to YioiCDCe. By ..
•ery nature and -.-oe, a political party ia 4ft or.
'JaDi.ulion that UMI' · peaceful, politic.~ llllethoda.
Jf viol~nce ahould come, il.. natural way of comine:
would be by way of the union&, l:IOC 1M Pany .."
Ho.,ever, there are still to be found Socialiata
who cJajm thai a Socialiat Party, b:; it1 nature and
~ dilter• hom all other poliJOI p.-.l'tiel iro
that it is a revolutioury party, and that ilA talk ia
aut to follow the L&il ol the ~ioDJ, but to marc:.b
forward, lo lead the u~ load tho wl.olo •od..iati
ct-1
Alt thi• ~olutionuy mir-sioa the Berj!:enonian
editorial pro,·idenlially enlf'l.LJU to the union• ( ~.nd
of~oune. to the uniona.of the American FeckntioD .
of Labor . -he reco~ no other unions ). h i•
the more con,·enient, .a th1t the f•ilure of Lbe
Revolution •nd the shameful conduct of ihe Social·
Patriots befoae and during the "·ar. mi~t be ucrib.
eel to theac urac .union•. u it being done' by one of
eomr~cleo. Monio HHiquio, in bio J.o•
proooUDCiaroano.
Mter all thi• anti-rnolulionuy and counter·
rnolutionary •bsurdit y, the author 6n•lly give.
lOme p_rKtic.al .dvioe to hi.. readen rq;~ding the
.. Left' " 'ioj'.
·
Ber,.,·,
lu
I
nuo.bell hio
.d,;..., io, "For God"o ..u, doa'l
iporU1 iad-nal ~ .....
dltJ .......... -
=·~li:!:. ~oril:.':1 :':.!:-~r
::J:,
laa.e~"J!.: ~~~~~~.:::,-: ::.:
000 wi&boul
..
iat~
Let w odmit al lhe that there io a If"'*
dul of oruth in !be s-ral .......,;.,. h io nJid
lo .,,. ohoo ohe Soeiolioo. ~oily hne ~d Ollly
too lanle attention to orsan~ins oa tbe a.adumial
6eld, ao that the workttt CAD take on:r prodoc:tiaa.
We will odmit duo we Amorico Soeialiooo be.., a
SJ"<II dealoo 1..-m from !be L W. Ill'.: bal die a...
1ian Bol ~: bnW haft aot.
The •Tiler IIJI, -n.. R ......... ~~~acle a .....,.
experiment with Solid&. .• "
He eppanatly
ohioh ohol the Sovi<u of Worbn' Depatioo _ .
org1111:1.1 c:re~ted to ta.ke Oft~' productioa.. AI• a
year of olmoc iDteuono npi....Uon ohopt !be S..
~_tell and their functio111, lhia Fellow Worker1o know ohoo !be Sovi<u are f'G 'ilil>GJ .._
~ have nothing to do with the ~ fll
productioo, which io lefl oo· thi: Cocmcilo o£ Waolt.
Coolro), booed UpoD lhe loduotriol u.;.. (af
• ·h1C'.h 6'~ at leut· h.ne adopted-the L W. W. pa.
o.mble iotoel) and upoo lhe Factory Sbcip Commit·
~Svr.tfW.diat oi8&Diu.tiOGI lpriDsf.Dilroaa tk
rank a~d 6le.(!f the worken.
· AI rudy wilhin lhe obell of !be Son.. C.....
mmt it helns created ("7th the help 8:Dd ~
ogemenl of the
iloe)f) !be IDdtrial Socir:ty. Thil cor~.~ilu of the Ua.ioaa. die
Councilo of Worker.' Coooro~ !be p.......,• Apicultur~l -Commiuaea. aod i1 u.nited m oae oeatra1
body, ohe Supreme Council of People'•
lhc frame-work of !be pure Iodaci.J ·
wuloh, loward wbic:b, u U.U, poiollo - . doo
Ru11ian Re,·olution il im.&aib1y ....ma,.
.The wrioer poino. ouo obot !be
of die S..
via Govcrupamt .... late _,.., in( orm. -. • , .,...
•""'uol oo the talk of takins o,.... prodoctioa ...t
dillribUiion." lo lhe 6nt p i - whmo do. tba
Fellow-worker I"' hio "lou ...,..•? From thoitolioo prao? And io !be aocoad · p~ do. M
!Jally imosine thai Rwoian induolry io badnronl •
liecawe lhe Ruooioo wolbn _ , IIIIOijU( 1o doo
talk of laiUns o,.... produetioo? R-ia iroluo~ry
he ahould know, woo •-rerhd by the War--hy •
Ttari.!' aad the Knm.ky ~· il • • a
bookrupl induotry which the Bolobniki 'lodlt ·
And oinee thao ~ d - be ~ dool
!here bu heeD war-booh em) and fonip ~
d"'pe<lle war of clefeooo by a poi>ple IIOn'ias ...
nh.ou!Jied? R.. d lhe report
pa.bliollad ill
THE "COKifiii<IST, Sltided, ...,. J>r.ocl.oti-ril af
Ruuian Labor"', by the AcdDs ColllllliiUi ol JA.
bor • aDd tbeu IIY that the Ruaaiaa wQrbn• ..,...
iutione were un6t to ~ indUJtry-wit!a _..
of their fue-l cut ofl', w'th mote of their nw ......
i•l• ledins, "'·ith decrepit m-.biDay .,.....,..
for more thu three yean! ADd by the waJ, af•
YNn of propasancU iD • politically ~
country, how large • MCtiOil of the Amwicu Wwk·
ins claoo bu the I. W .W. orproiood?
Th• Fellow -'ll'ornr bl.-lhe Bolobeoir;; forhaving built up tbe worker.' ecoooaUc .....-.
lions properly yean before. Droc. he 8ot bow' .....
all Uaionll "'ue illf11•l GDCier dae T..,., tt. ...,...
randa ..nd or,ani.utioa in Ru.&U. up to 1917 . . .
puoiobe.! """' cruelly, obot lho won.n· _.. ..
li.berooely ke~lhe bl......
a-.
•r•.
en:
eo..,..,..,,
r..:o...a.,.c--
or-
na:al.ly
r'"-'
~.:i:i:::~~ti~:.":;':~··,ulhor of ohe ecJj . b:f'! ': t-.1..;.,;, ~wid ap 1
.,...__
torial article in an open manMr, fri,rhlenin~ and
But wftea the Rno1utioa 6.ully ~ il .._ tM
ployins up !be bueo~ omall -oown "Hebrew fear" of Boiobe\iki who -..vroi!Od ad f......t Lobar •·
bio ruden:
saniuolon. II ,... !be lioloho.iki w11o illlrodoood
"If you ore ohinkins of joinins !be Lefo Wint- • ~ally worked-ouo plan o( IDd..,U.I ~
by taking part in the forn:wion of a CommunUt inro Ru..ia, which. withia thre. .BtOII'tha. Mel..,..
Lea~ or otherwite--we want you to know eucl· ~Alire .twano -~JJJ.iODW. Wd___ pa=Jllll
·
...
-L~
ly what you are about. lf you join the Left WinJ. UJ
UJC
-ud tod
11111'Wft .0..
fOD obereby II""' IO take &D ..,.;,.. par1 in o bloody Jioo. ffo,......, wJ.s lho
. ill F~ liMp
uprioins in Mihnakee."
CoiDIIlitleM hlrDOd oa11o be ... _....,_ __ , _
The odcled wordo, "io Mihroakoe" lrerrMIIrlber, lutionuy labor oipailotioa
tho tabotr.,..; el
ohi "bl-'• will •. L
produ<1iou, the Boloheoiki wwloo.od doo s,..llooJ.
o
- 1 uprioinfl
. - • ploce prer:ioely lor fonn o( orpniulioD. Bill sua.,. - af
1: : : ' : , : f:;,e.;:,:.r.!.~
Jeodins builclen of the
SMp ~
... f - of orpniooticra (al~ . . . . •
II
f
a !be ~~~Uibuooo o a prov-oi.., denuneiotioo.
wriler in Orw Bif U.U.. ~ 11, doo ....,_
The piebon 1o ecapleoed by fl.iosios • clelicaoe ol Woobn' c:-..1).
·
hint .....,oliat ,.. polilic&l
af tho "Uit
Wo OS"' with tho FoJiow.w.n. ..., s,...Ho.l·
w;.,·,
.. to. ..ppli..J ,.. ...,ins lioolt 1a doo .,...w..
"We feel .....U. obot - eopitaliot ODOIIIieo huo of ~ orpitiaeaio- fw lloo ......., 0C11ooi af ....
.._ ol !heir paid oploo iD lbo Ull WU.. lo arp ,..;led workiD,i <J- Bot - woat ~ call laio •·
!be- of riolcDt ~· · · ·
terrtioa lo !be foet tbol lbo Syadicalioto ol ft.-._
Alracly the )ole Cooancle Mdtrins. in hio f.... ....d olMm SholoY, Nel- and ...... f.....
ow lener lo ohe R....ian Bolaheviki, poinled out I. W. W• .......ben in lloio ........,._ -porotllot
ihoo ooe of !be -ohodo of lhe "Scbeiclemanu" in with ~ Bolobniki, IIIJd hove
pr;.o.
fishtios ohe ladependent Soeialiolo and lbo Sp.,...· . plo of Pr•ldarian DinaoOnh.ip aa lbo
c:ano waolho """""lioa obao !hey_, '"paid qW& · dlar..._iotie of tho tnaoitioG·-*1 . . _
.,
~r •t..
d pr••'"'"••ro. 1o Joolio •
and the loduotrial
!fiM - - ol lloa "SaNttdoaooa." ill all _ . Ia poWI ciart lila ... Sy.dicallolo fll
1
_,.
lw
::t': !: S!;
.,
r_,.
""'
t.-r
""""'*"' ...ft
eo..,.._,,- ...
-
... ali.o.
c-..w..
aalioto
.
.~-,.,.f),
r-.
·1
=d
.
•
�4.
The New York Cca.mu.niat
Why Political Democracy Must Go
By JohD Reed
v..
rJVIE (Of"r!Uiion of 1M \l'orkingmO'I't Pany
J.
matked lht ~Inning of Socialiam u a poli-
tkal Core-r in the l:n11eJ Stf'IC). The old di•hnctic:-:.; of ln~mat ionalurn and Lnallunism ~ave
way to the native American conAict betweeo Trade
L:oionism and Politic~"' hkh coDtinued to r.way
the mo\·ement from one • ide to A.Dotbcr until the
Jut smu•tion..
So far I h.avt d,...ribed the badground of the
mov~l in this ~ ountn.
\\'ilh the Unioo Cun«TCM of 18i6, Sociali!im ~ntered upon the political
areru in iM..ItrUUie for power •gainst the eapi-
talitll. d-.
A ftw IIII'JCliom loc.~lly mtered political um,_ip. and Lhc r~uhin~ vote "'·u 10 encouragins
that othtn prepare<~ to follow.
came tht. hi •
tion-wick strikea of 1877, the activit\" of the .ectiona
in the ltrilct, the ...-iolmee of the ~lice, e!opccially
iD Cllicago, -.·here a meeting of tlrik.ing cabinetmakers wat fired on. The !"ational Executive Commin.ce .... iu opponunity, and ordered the ICICtioos
to hold m.a.u.·mertin!' cndouing labor· demanda.
The autumn clectiona in many paru of the countr)·
aho•·ed a lar~e Socialist vote.. Immediately a
•p«ial convention o£ the Pan)· wu called to de·
'6oe ill anitu.c k toward politic•.
Thi• convention met in Dttemher 1877 and re·
modelled ita Dec-laration of Principles to the effect
th.tt "political action i.l the natural function of the
Party." Howtver, o•·ing to the influence of the
Trar4t Unionists, it declared al&oO that the Party
.. lhould maintain hierdl y relations with the tude
unions and •hould promote their formation upon
aociaiUtic pri.nciplei." The name wa.o; changed to
Soc:lalistK: Labor Party and a few yun later, to
Soc:ialilt Labor Party.
n.eo
,~~:le~pril~~ 1:!:11i~~;,s :h~~:i~~: f:::~~~n:~
iMA were •upreme. the candida!~ . who had been
forced into poli!in b~· the Pan~· policy. polled
~~~~ec't}:Sr t;:e~~ ~~~~:n~o~~e''X;J:~ !~ee~e ~~
pun Political Actioni&U predominated, the Lal;or
wrnr to the GrecnbaclLen or the Republicant-.
l.o the nut oational and f.tal e electiona, the ume
phenomenon yrtvailed. The Chicaso ~«lion, the
mOSI powrr£u1 i.n the country, elected (our memhcn
ta the legialature, who were influential enough to
compel the ap(>ointment of an Industrial Commil•ion, and the following year, HCured four aldermen.
In SL Louis, three Socialist candidate. were elected
to the lf!!islature. But the dsaw·bacU of the aitul·
tioa were nude clear bv the effecta of the boom
of 1879; profp!rit)· dr~w the attention of labor
away1 from politics, and the- membcnhip and \'Ole
o( the Socia list Labor Party npid l ~· declined..
In 1880 the Politiul Actioni..ll, ln vi~ of the
di.minishintt Party \'ote. forced throu~h ~• rdcr~n·
du1n to .end dcl~atee to the Greenback Lom·entlon
iD Cbica~o. and tuppOrt the candidatee of the
Creeub1 ck Party. Thi• compromi.e wu pauion·
ately op~ by the Trade linioni•IA of Chicago,
u well u h)' a group of re\'olutionary SocialiM.s i..,
Nrw York.. whose Ct'lller wu a handful o£ refugees
from the German anti·Socialir.ta law•.
Since the fir,:~ campaip1 of the Workingmen'•
Pam, the Trade Unionisu had n,.ver abandoned
theii in~ivc dUITU!t of political action. In
1877·78, it iJ true. the election of candidates to
municipal and tlate le,i~olatures war. of considera·
hie ~it.ational value. The state wu not yet cleat·
ly de6ned u a dim:::t imtrvment of capitali• e:r.·
ploiUiion; the Sociali!'1 lrtrit-laton took it h)· •ur·
pri~~t. But from Lhrn on ~n np:s of armed thu"
innded the pollins·plltees oa election d•y ; Soea!iSI •peaken wrrr trtt.ackcJ ; Socia list vole! were
tom up ; and in Chtca,..o, in 1879, the only SOcial·
ilt tldnman elected wu deliberately refuted hit
aeat b~· the corrupt Dnnocratk Council.
In 1879-80, u todn. the lawleM bruulitH. of the
rulin' cia~ in nullifYintr the Soc:ialitt voCe created
a wtde..pread d~ with political .etion. AI•
rudy many workin~n'a military orsaniutioD.I
Yo lt
~ 'l;ii~!.~p~~i~~~= i~hecoS:~IIi:£ J::N:,::i
Esecutivc Commin.ec npudialed the.e armed aocM!tiet.. 1l.e "deal" with the Greenbeck Partv wu
the 1.. Ilia•· for thr: Trade Union (adion, ~bM:h,
with itt powin,: tyllem of labor orsanWtioos
an:Dtd for detente. broke away (rom the Polilical
Adiooi.u., and lD 1881 i~uecl a call to ..all rnolutioni.u and arrrwd •orkin,mm'• organiutioru in
the: country," poiniio8 unt the nec-eMity of "'settins
ready to offer an arDj)e'd reo.isW)« to the in\'l.sion•
by \he capitali~ tlu. and e&}•it.aliat lesillaturea. ..
Ia Onober of t.lw u.me yur a con\'entiun of
lutionilb md al UicaJo, and formrd the Rnoary SocialYI Pany, which n:jOW>d all politi·
ul ·ction and endoncd the .o..:allcd Black Inter·
national, the anarchiw lnt..ernational Working People"• Auoci~tion , declaring that it ,;ood "re.Jy to
rendtr armed n::pi~tanec to encroachmen\5 upon
the righu of •orkingmen." Before the referendum
was completed, howeHr , the Chica~o tectio:m look
part in one man municipal campaign, wbote effect
upon the Socialist& •·u 1>0 diuatrou. that il de·
wo,·ed the lut \'e&lige of ( aith in tWn 1M aEiJD·
tionlJI vo.lw oJ polilictJI ctunptJilru·
Th~ Convention of 1883, at PinJ;bur~. de6ned
the two current. in the new organi.za~on\ that led
by Spice of Chic.:~go, recofiz.ing ,+evolutionary
trade unionism-and that le by Jo~ann Ma.t of
New Yor~ ad\.xating puie re Yol~nary antreb·
itm. A compromitoe Dttween the two .,... reached,\
result in~ in a philo'-Dphy of organiutiod'-and actioa
almost analogoua to modem S)·ndicali•~
h wu undrr the inRuenee of thia or@:aniz.ation
that the grut labor uphu\'&l of 1885~ took place.,
~nterin!Z around the Eittht·how •trike., a11d cui·
minating in the Haymlirket Hombt of the •ummer
of 1886, whK:h broke the Black lnternatinnal.
The pro\'ocatioa of th~ rulin~ clua which rotuhed in the explosion• (analogou• to the San
F ra..ncia.co loomb ca&es and the recent Poat Office
bomhsJ, demonstrate to " ·hat len~h.. the capitalist.
will go in order to wreck all efforts of the ~·orkera
to free theauel\'ee. /1 i.J impouibk 10 cilplur~ 1M
copiloli.u lt41e Jor ~~ 11.:orker1 by nuonJ oj 1M
bolloJ; tha. hu been demon5trated again and.,.gai.n ;
and yet • ·hen Labor repud1ates pol itical action, it
i• met with fear( ul violence. .. .
Owing this time the Sociali&t Labor Party had
almost disappeared, not emertting until the Henry
George Cam)Jaign of ) 886 in l"ew York, • ·hen the
Sociolisll "'"'' their opportunity to aro~ t.he
w('rker·muaea to political .-ction once more, the
resuh of "'·hich, they thou~ht , would be to • ·in
the new movement to Sociali.!!m. But the Henry
Ccor@"e movement concentrated on Sinttle Tn. and
finally repudiated Soci alism: .o the Sociali!ts threw
their •trength into the Progreuive Labor Party, iD
New York. All onr the -country i.odcpmdenl (A.
bor Parties apra.og up. and for a time the political
fe$UlL• were astonishing. These Labor Partiea
ele...-ted no Jesa than ten>Con,rreutnerl, many
laton , judgee, etc. Enn in New York-State, where
tbe \'ole wu amall, the effect upon the legitlatu.rt
wu such th•t a great quantity of labor lesiJ.Iatioa
WU CDacted.
An anempt wu made, in 1887, to combine thme
tc•ttered paniC!' into one national organiution• .
which wa11 accomplished by the Ciocinnati Con·
I.
~~~id.n~ f'~=· ';.el~~~~~~u~:!.!~c~~!.ofH~~
wu launched the National Union Labor Pariv; but
this turned out to be maclv another ..deal.:. with
Grcenbac:ki•m-the fanner& (the •mall property
holden I cRptured Lh~ organi.utioo, and the Social·
iru did not auppon it, nor did the iodunrial work·
en vote Cor it.
ln 1888 bq:an anew within the r&nkt of the So.
cialist Labor Party the o ld bitter 6&4tt between
the ruliaical "ctionil.u and the Trade Uoionilla.
In 1889 the Political Aclionisu oa tbe Natio11.1l
EMC:utive ComminC!Je "-'Crt: replaced by Trade
Unionisu, and the Party placrd iL'Cif behind the
[i@"ht·hour MoYCmenl, and promite"d •upport to
the l Jnion&. A minoritv of the teet ions ruohed.
organized their own ~chincry &Dd declared for
p urr politK. I ection. Thia wu known aa the
"Cincinnati Socialist Labor Par1y.. ; in 1897 it
amal~amatcd • ·ith the Dehe·Bcrp SociaJ.Democ·
ncv of America, which W&JI a combination of the
polhical cxpreuion of the ,old Amer~an Railway
Union, and the Pohuliam of Ber~. The Dew
Party immediately p un~ into politica.
In the meanwhile the Soeiali.Jt Labor Pl.!"ty wu
pauin,: throu!;h a rapid evolution in itt relation.
to or«aniz.ed labor. The ~adual CODJ,Oiicbtioa of
the eraft·union, wa~-coMCiOUl pbil~phy of the
AmcT"
Federot"
I Labo fiD II led to
battle"':'the old ~~ral Labor Uaiooa Now Y
The Socialist Labor Party ad up 1111 oppoaitioe
body, the Caltral Labor .Fodorllt.ioa, which wu r.
I .....I a charter by tho A. F. ol L., and fmally
definitely espelled. Then•. UDder the leaclonbip of
of
0.:.
Daniel Deleon, the Soeialiat Labor Party ~~~t.empled
to capture the KniP,u ol Labor. Uoias the Uaited
Heb: ew Tradeo u his instrumoal, Del..eoa got COD·
uol 0 ( Diouic:t A-mbly 49, and th.., ouooed
Powderly u p,...ident .,( the Kni~u. and eloeled
So...n:ip. But Sove,..iga played him !alae. Ilea""'
i.a both of the Kfe&t labor or!aniuliooa.,
DeLeoa
alouted hia owa Socialiat Labor Party orsaniaa·
tion, to tompne with \he lw~e Soci.alilt Trade
and Labor Alli.aDce.
ladirec:tly thia wu doe chiof ca- ol doe fo"""'
tioa ol the Socialiat Pout•. A poup iD 1M Social·
iat Labor Party-ulled the "kanprooa"_ _ ,
•gairul the policy of eombauins the labor or'pni·
a.ations from withouL They fnored tho: :;':Jiiey of
..boring horn within.- Thit meant to capture the
A F. of L-.t the time •oprem&-by wo~
withiu the Unioa111 It" elect ('fiK:i&b, and throu&h
them to dow.i.uaLe the mcmbenhip.
In 1869 the ..kangaroos" teeed.ed from the
cialin l..ahor Pany, and ia 1900 they joiaed 1bf
Social Democracy-the oew Pa..rty took the name
o( Sociali.a Party of America. l.o the campaip
of 1900 the Soci•liat Party rolled up • .ale of aJ.
most 90,000, while the Soci.a.J..Ut Labor Pany'a .-oc.
».
t
dwiadled.
~'ith the foWidat ion of tbe SociJ;litt Party, the
hi•tory of the Socialist lAbor Party, u a mo•C~Dta~
of the worken at STipt with the capitalitu oa 1he
political held, comea to an end. HeDCeforth the
Socialist La.bor Pany it; identi6ed with the deYdopment of a great Socialiat theoret.ican, Daotel De
Leon. The Jut attempt of the Soci.alilt Labor Party
lo l.ll.De:r the labor monmeot OOCUJT'eCl in 1905-07,
in connection with the l W. W., and roaulted a...
more in the teees~ion of the S. L P. and the forma-tioa of a rinl orsa.n.iution.
In the li~ht of ....,..,t hillory, wbea the relot.imy
caormou. Sociahst \'Ole hu failed to i.nfiumoe aer)..
ou•ly .the make-up of upit.aliR l~latur«, it will
be a •urpri.e to many penom lo read of the lep..
lative victories of the amall eod ltri!Hora Social.
Ut mo"ements of early day._.mall u they .,.,
in compari..oa with the bu~ lpread 11nd r,wer ol
the upitali.tt tyatem. But eapiLII.i&m b.a aot 1"
con10lid~tted itJ! hnld oa the St.ate; the indepeocleal
ballot wu atill a powe:r-.althougb evea forty yeuw
ago could be diacerned the anawer of tbe ruli.n« d . .
to any challenge of iu hC!C'Doay on the political
or ind1.1ttri.l 6eld--oriolax::e.
The political power of the Watkin« dua ~
eel alowly : the bourseoia dic:tatonliip of aoc:i«y
pew by l~po and bound.: today the citadel ol
!'eat capilaliam is impre~le to aU aaaalta a,.
eep1 tho maao aaaault ol tho uniu>d w-orkius cJ-.
[To b. c:v"""-1.]
I. W. W. and Bolabevi.m
(~
, _ ,... IJ
hue hem profow:ul~y infiDeiiCIIDCI by tbe A.--.
Revolution, and that in Ita~, for a.ample. they an
:~~~8 band in hud wi tbe n!?Olatiaa&ary So-
If theee uticlea in Ow B&, UrUon are the n.J
exprea.sion of the thoupn ol the L W. W.
SollhCYi"rn., then the I. W. W. b.u liii.!'Ded oCJI.hiDi aad
forgotten nothing. It C&Bnot aee auy Iii!'~
between the Bolahevi.ki ud &he ScbeidaDaa:a S.
ciali•La. It tuiU nol Jou loW /eel Uwl 1M ,.,.w:J
of Soci4l Revolution lwu corae,. ..J llwl aJw eolI.Gp•e .0 J C~pikslilm tu~ 1101 I&ICiiiiUiliJ Uw IPO~
~t::c.u entuel1 orsOAiuJ ~ ao Me I . F. .
a,-
TI,e fi..oaJ !11111 of the coH«tiCIIIIialbil:
"'Economit: recorutrvction of aorMty c:mmac he
.:complahed by a SO'ftTlUDI!:Dt lry'iDs 10 _...
thing. with • hid- hand U:rougb t... aDd rt~pla·
tiona, but hu toLe 11:1 orpnic p-c.wth (ram tbe .....
tom, through tbe indnatrial or~ ol 1M
worken 1.1 ihe pl.ee of wozk.."
U the Fellow-Worker by thia time h. 1tCJ1 6conred the atCD.tial cb.aracte:riatic ol the R.t..ia
Rnolution-iu IIIICOOOIDia • well u ita political
li~amcly, that it ia ..liD orpnic FOwtb frwD
the bottom", then we doa't know wbat to clo wilD.
hid!. While the Fellow-worker it critic~. thl
Proletarian Rnolutioo in full awizas, from tile
lofty point of new of &D wpaiatioo prof-.clly
not rwdy for rnolution, R'*i. U tackl~-..
llliiDMC tuk of orsaui&Los the W~bn
•
ill order to oboaill the - . r y or~ fa<r ~
n,
o.,... produc:tioa." Ia R-ia doe worlun.,. .....
o-m: l'!oductiOD, ud "-rr il 1110 .....,.. ,. ,..
ao,U.U.. 111*"' o/
.M - . I , ..._.
.... mueh ol a bah may bo _ . , . Ia. doe ,...
-.
We of the Loft W~ ...._ J..n.l ._ I from the Wu and the Earo~ Rnoh1t~. Wa
hamhly admit our miatUeo, ud the fallacioa ;,.
hera1l ia political Socialiam. We turD with lnOf'O
and more ma- iDIUOil towud doe iad.-ial
field, wheno the I. W. W. boo saiued priool- • ·
penCDOC m a dramatic lahor · ~~n~g;\e t..m, .an
t.ban a cloeade. We .,.. ~ ,,,.....d you, Fal·
-•.Jo¥
low-Worken.
·
Bat '"" cisoiUid !baa yoQ, too, oball leom .,._
)_.,. from "'""'· and to ~ formDlao
•hie\! clalo .haclt .10 the old •oriO-Mf.., doe Wa.
�The Nnr York
THELeft Wing
Communi.t
I
Left Wing Notes
OtEfiUll.Li!.lion
hu decided to
por1 the fuii O"-' Inft nomrnt:e snd &JJ....A all tt\'0 lut• on a r ~· SO('I&h!!ll to do ILI.:.ewul£: :
l or
fJ.~CUJWf' s~ucUU)
of 'Local New }'orlr :
lllllimilwn Coh<n.
The entire ~1ichiE: an St.ate o rgnnUat•on haa been
cxpt:llf'd fro m the Par1~· In· the !\otiUnal Executi \·e
Cc..rnmlll ~.
to\
llho ut 11 h ea rin F!. bec :.u~ uf tht" HC·
twn tak('n b) thf' l a~ l S t:.le Cunventmn in repudi.a t in.R" immedulte dem:n4:. i~ thr fan y platform.
The Conk
Count~·
Socialist Party Convention of
:-.;~ ~ J';'. JH r~u ltt-d in a clean h""'N'P fnr the Left
U m~. Mo re than .U)U vot~ o ut o f aLout ()50 ~
cured tJ,e ado ptum of a ata temcnt o f p rmc ipiM and
a ptof!run, delimtel~· en!>UT!Ilf! the re\·o lullonary
ch..anu·t~:r o f the ne ...· Oucogo Socia li.!t Party or l!';an : z.ur·•m. Lc·d !J \ ~)"Tloout Stedman, the pollticUn!> a nd Hif!hl \\ in ~~::n· bo hed the Conv~::nllo n .
hut ca rrit'd "''ith the m I~!' than S'fr of the dele( alC'-.
Th1s \" ic-to r~· i~ tht' m o!>t importa nt "'·on by
liw- Left \\ mg f>C
~ail!! .later.
I!'.
A c-cording to rt'l i.ablo: inf onnnti~m from ChicBFO,
I.Lft \\ m~ ca nd1 dut~ fo r the 1\at ional [,;ecutlve .
ComnuUt't' nnd lntanntiun ol ()(ole,;ates, and no·
t umal referendum' "if' and "0" are " 'inning by
llD O\'en.·h~::lm i ng m:Joritt o f vo;ce.
Fo ll o,·: ing U lht' offiCial count of ~a l Buffalo
on t.i1e reft:rt'ndum \'Ole for natio nal officers :
for 1\"aJit:m o/ £ucuti1:e Commiltu :
l..oui! C. Fraina ___ __________ _ 259
!\"ichola!! l·lo urwich __ _________ 205
Franklin P . Urill_ _____ __ __ ___ 159
EdY>ard I. Lindgren __________ ISO
Morris Hi!lquit ______________ 83
Tor lnternotii:Jnal Dde&a.Jt> :
Johr Rocd·- ---------- -- ----- 307
Lo ui!! C. Fraina _ ____ __._______ 285
C. E. RuthenLerg- - ------- --- - 2 71
Louis B. Bvudin _____ _____ ____ 15.1
I. [_ Fer~w~an _ ___ _ ______ ____ 67
Victor L Berger·- -------- --- - 61
TM lnlern.ational SN:relllry :
Kate Richard& O'Hare _________ 145
Morri5 Hillqu.iL - ------------ 80
Noticr \o All Brapcbes of Localt Now York,
Kmgs, Queelll, l:.ichm 'Del, Astoria, a.....,.
Ar a meeting of th\· City Committee held on the
5 th d..~- of May it w~ decided to call a City Con·
v~ntto!l, and that tht basi!! of repr~ntation thall
.
~.
MOnt delegate for e-o.·ery 50 mernbn-a in
,ood 5tanding or major fraction thereo r ;
Uut brancbeJ &ball elect delegates direct·
h·."
YOC:. -re therefore requ~tcd to send out a call for
tht Lranche& imtructing them to elect delegatee to
the COO\'ention on the ba!!i!. decided b)' the City
Help Your Comrades!
1hr convention ._;u be ·held on June 14th and
) 5th. Place of meeting to be a nnounced lattr. (5«
edito ri.a..l page I. The o rder of bu.&ineu will be u
foll o ww :
Con!-OIHl.tion Of Locala into a Greater City Loca1.
T akin~ action on Party o.~hip of Preee.
Taking action on the Left Wing.
Taki..ft¥ up the queJtio n of the re-organiz.a:tiun of
hrandle5 in Local r\ew York.
Scud the Dame.!> of tltt' dele~ates elected and the
branche. they repre.ent to the Mtn::lary at the
Q-<en> Labo.r Lyceum, Mynle and Cyp""" A-.enuea,~ood.I;L
At thr Ia~! meetio~ or tht Ldt Wing c.IUCUI of
the Centnl 'Co mmin~. Local Branz, Benj. Gitlow,
H. Bo urpn . A. "W inick, Dr. G loubcrman and Roman
Bluep~ - ·ere ez1dor&ed -as lhe candid.atftl for the
City c:.o.muncr from bocal BronL
. . .
Tile ) ·onnille G.Tman Branch bought throe hundred ticlct5 to the 1i lh A. D. Branch Leh Wing
hall ; onr hundred the)· put away for mcmentot.. ooe
hundred they tilre up, and. the remaining hundred
they diarihuted to lhoee who wtn1 to 80 · to the
ball
At the .eet.in@ or the·U:ntral Commiuec of Local
Bro nx oa 5aturda~ evening, a Right \lii.n~ moved
to recall all Ltft Win(': del~ai.C!I to tho &ocuti•e
Committee lmmedi8telv afterward another rup,t
Winger moved Lhe previovt quc:stion. In the dobate, Braana.tein and Dr. Fried..man lllaled"th.t the
Rightt •.&nt.ed to aJ.tlil the Party immedWtly. AI·
thou;_;h t.br R.ighll were in a majority at thi.a time.
U1e previaua qufl6tion wu defea.Led. An bour la1cr
another pn"\·iout question mot.ion wu dcfealed.. Al
~le\·eo ·thtrt, a roll<all vote oo the motion • •
W.on,
whid.
wu delcoU>d by 6! Loft
Will& -
arup... aoctpled..
At lccut one hundred ~· o rler!'> "'J,u participated In the C lt , tbnd 'b)· On~· lJ.emoru;tra·
t10n h a't l~n railroad ed to pri1on. So far
a~ lht tc=n . fifteen or lhirtv da\'1 that com·
radt.."!' mu~:ot r.crn: m the "'"ur(hou~. tho!Yt " 'ho
are ouLsidt' cannut )u·lp them. Dut "e ca n
M"C to it that tw t a !>in!llc man o r "' o m;m nomaim in tht "'·o rkh o u ~ to "''o rk out the fine
and c.·o!'tl!> "'·hich are pan of all tht .entences..
Lnder the unju!!t ' " "' ' no"'· exi ~ t ing. a man
o r "·oman "'·ho is JHlOT unJ cannot pay fine
and co!it.o. mu~t remain in the "orklto u!><' to
worL: out the fm e and cust!i at the rate o f &itr
ctnU pt"r da ~·. In other "-'Old!! everr kl;.
tenet "'h ich includes a fine of !1~ .00 and
~:~.: fi~)~~>o!h:ti~:~eaJ;ii;i:~:rl ;~;-~ !~a':o:k •
out t11at par1 o f his or her &cntence.
Thill mu!'t not be. The fmes mu5t be paid.
In addition. the famili ~-of aome of those
...-h o arc in pri.on "'ill be in n~d her ore their
•entmt'cs np1re. \\'e otU!!I h~lp them. Thf'y
mu ~t n ot l'i uffcr . ·s,.ruf dono.tionJ to C. E.
Rw~nMrg, 1222 ProJpect A tJt ,, Cln~lonJ.
! 7a.h .-\. U. J\ot ~ ./ 538 MoJi.,ott ·A r:e/IU.e.
Thur!"da)', ~1 il \' 2Y. Discus.o;.io n meeting oo the
Ldt Wing Manife"olo. Topic, "Dictalouh ip of the
Proletariat".
Frida\', Ma,· :HJ. LeCture...nu~ American Kai~
Soc iali!li~". i •ro minent Ltft Wing 1peale:r. Ad.
mi!!sion i ree.
Saturday, May 31. Conctrt and dance. A profet~!- i o n a l ~i ngtr ha... offered lo gi,·e her toen·ice!
grat i!! fo r \J1e occ~ ion . A ,·iol ini!it and pia.nif>t of
hi ~h st nnd m~ "'' ill help make the arT air a &ucc.eu.
In addi!ion to it:. Kheduled ftcti\·ities the l ith
A. D. i!- ttrr:J.nf;"iug a c ia !>~ in puLlic 'fJeaL:ing under
llarn· Englt:JO. Tht'rr '¥1 i lll ~t no char~te. Applicants
nnl\ rcc ister '¥1'ith ln· in ~ Uo ll!in a t he.odquanen .
A c ho ru~ i ~ llt'ins orf.'nniz.t>d. ~ingen "' nnted!
Tht> H ikinE Clul, . js to have it,. f1r~ o uting S un·
day, June lsi. Wa~ch fo~ anno.uncement.
TI1e Esthonian Branch, Loco1l Ne"'' York. hu recei,·t'd the follo "'-ing lettt'r from the Execu.ti,•e
Committee :
Dear Comrade :
I am inetrueted to iiiJorm !OU th.at yow branch, the
Eat..boni1n Uraoch. wu at lht lut meetina of t.bt E.ucutift
Commlllte IUI VC'nded from tbt Pany, and U therdou· DO
lon~er
an ioltll"l p111 tof Local ~i-w Yurk.
"J hr ru..on for lht 11.uprnaion ia that ,-our bnneh ie
tNiicially a!lih•1ed wi1h tl1e " Ld! \\"ins."
I h••e notif1rd the ~ational office of tbr l'any of the
au•pen•iun of • nur bunch. ao thai thry can Mtif,· 1he"
Fedeulinn of the- h e! tJut you art no lon-er a branch of
th,. Pany, 1od DOl entitled to a.oy r~.&llla aod pri•ileae.
H~~i~;nJ~t
w-ux1 ...ui
~-
in
your
let tbt
and npu.U.te
the ..Left l.'ioc" o•,-llliu.LioD &~~d re-turn 10 the Pany,
eoiD.m.IUee.
.s.pizu< :u Rishl Wizl« ....._
Pampble-ta .W.incod h, R~ }'~ ~
lluol offered by Manr.Dt "''t' MI of Prokuri&a ~-
aup-
Youn for tiM:
Ca~ae,
~~~bT7\~;·c&~.~~!fEIAUST ~·
.
JULI US GERBER.
.
£.a:!CIUII'<' ,')er:r rlary
. The following Branches ha\'t' joined the Ldt
Wing :
4th A. D.,
Kin~:
Branch 2, 18th A. D., King> ;
~rman LanguRf!t · Group, Kings:
Lithuan ian
Branch 19, Ki.nl!s; Utl1uanian Branch 82, New
York.
M!Ntnl:S OF SPECIAL MEMBERSHIP ME£TINC,
MAY 25th 1919.
Muiliau.aa Lyceum.
P~t about 800 memben
E1ecutM S«mary called · menillt~ to order aod called
for nomin.at iona for chairman.
Comndr Kul "Hrocbky c.lcored eb.linnan.
Comrade Ed. Und,.ren decteod YiCf"-Chairman.
~4\~::. of ~ioii.S :nc-m.be.nhir meet~& adopt tel with
Minote. City ComJNnw ,_d fCir action.
Mo•rd to 11kr up tbe ' - CJty Commiuw'a m.iaii!CII
.eri&tim ; eanied.
A~
~l•l t tT of
DMid.iAa
UOQ.P lA
'
Btoollt"D &.t ~t
coocurn-d ,.-i t.h.
Cuy Comautlee aot to ~ u.-.
R~.LM11o ~terpmer Aa.lr.1lrleDe.
~
c•~~~~~uhtr:~~: ~IJI-:.er.d~
:abou ';:'; ~
.\hun oi f'rrlimiaa,., Conlercce •t Bulalb.., •
Cnmadc Cabell reponed . tbu Braht.iD of a...a....,
of Boa:on ud llow-wic.b ud Cobaa .t N- Yck
ffl. "'>l
pu1ici pltl'd.
Dec1ded thaJ. conleft:DC~e be beld lD N... Y.S • J 2lat.
That f"f'prtwnlltion bt oa-e delepLe for ~ 500 _ .
Mn or p.n tber~f. a.nd oo lou) ahall ba..-e IHft lhu f...-.
T•enty-6'e d" llan pe:r c.apill lU for each ddepaa 1e
f " to ctnttal fund lo delray c:spn•o of dd~
Th1t laDJUI&e fcderauooa ahall be. ectitled to fra.
temal delet~ale from Cenlr&] Esecu.tn-. Cor.:~ of U.
~: ~~:~~~1:.·:~ r,:~~ &!au~ ....
O~er of buaitlee~ rud a.od accepted with oee . . - .
to wit : That • Com.m.inee GD f..ooooaic Or~
be elected; CUTied.
On motion it wu decided , that rqJhlnlt&Uo. 1t>r: dde«ale for every 6.-e. hu..edral w pan u....al .wb.b M
menl
ll!UJmWD
limi1.11ion.
!n eue
cred~ntiala
.
eomminee decided ......._ tMaa
dcleielct ~irin1 biJht.t ~e are to be acatod. ,
l::~r.b l.anJuact ftde.r&tioo .hall haft oet c:&eMpt.. ~
'"0~tntade
LArlio addra.ed
~e
apt:~~~~~~:: iD e&&h ~
.-tiq
t.icMa
en) hur.drtd dollan..
..J..... •
~ ' - _.
:'n appeal for Zueker DdtD~e Foud. ...t a~ .I
t 22.8J •u made.
Mution carricod that Tn Co-.wumn '-oe u appilitl t.
fu n•l. for the etrikin& .Juae worhn of 8tooklytl.
Mution to~ rder oomioatlona of del~" t.o N..o...l
Ltfl V. in,: Confc-rtn« back to loc&la; ddot~<ICL
;b~~a~~~~:it:fl c;.~:~a{;nr':ce~ecud
•
del~
IThe Telescope I
We undenLand that on accou.nt of the apullioa
o f numtrous Branches from Local New Yorl. , .
ceipv. frl"m du.. 1t.amps are com.i.n« ill "'1 Now-ly.
Sim ultaneou ~l)· , T~
SOciali.JI aeema to hue -..
pe.nd.ed puhlicatioo~
•
•
~
The l"ational Eucutive Com.m..iuee•a
. i.ution campaign i~ proceeding •ide by aide wi1h
the l'\ationa l Socwil)' League'•· Every time the.
l mmj!fation authorilit:5 deport a bunch of "'al._
agitaton-", the 1\'ational Executi•e Commin.ee ezpe..
a (orei~ Braoch. •
•
•
We are waiting with ill-concealed impaticace fow
the Centri1U to rep!)' to Comrade Hillqu.i:l'•
hull of e.l.Communic.ation.
It ia reported th.~~:t at tbt last tDed.i..a« of tbe [x.
ocuth·e Cornmittre of Local New York.. there W'l!l'e
eo many llrancht'5 to e:r:pel that the Eucuti.-e Committee intd,·ertentl)· expelled itaelf, a.n? wU forced
lo appeal to lhe l\.
f.>J: re~
f c.
At the apecial meeting of the Call A.uoc:.i.atk. ,
the oth:r niEht it was decided 1" tah • ..lln'GI pt>
aition" a~ a in~ the Ldt Wi.n!. We tuppoee th.t
mcllm.• we will be dmollllOICd along with Z..pa&.a ud
Bwleeon.
,·-.::.
An incident of the CIC"t'ela.nd May D.y bnlla.Jj.
ties dtseO'e& to be recorded. Whe:a the police ud
gang!ter,. !J'ided Sociali" be.dquutela. they tore
d own all lhe pitll!rtl hom the walt. uoept a pot'·
to·aH of K..rl Marx. Aoked why tbt'y •P~ tho!
particular pic-tUI't, one of the th09' repUed : "'Well,
he looked liil:e a retpcctable old bird. How did we
know he "''un'c Abraham Lineola'a f.U... ow eoae-
body li.lto that?"
f.., F..U fw n.. N_ Y. c - i t t
Coi>DW>ES : 'Ine Left Wins U in need of fund. for the iaauanoe of ib ·papa- ; we b.ne Do
duet paying membrrship and are .aIely ·dependent upon the Yohmtary conulbuti:=a ol OGe·
rades for our aup)>Ort.. Jf you thi..nk our movement U neceu.ary, if you feel that we~ U..e
pubhc e%J>foaion, ' 'OU m'l!t come to our aupport. l'.l the pretenl cri1i•~ more than .,... Wore.
we mu1t keep in the 6eld. our paper mu.M be publiahed. WE NE£0 Ftii'tilS.
Tear off anJ ... il&o MAXIMILIAN COHEN, 4f Wo:ri 29111 StutrT, N.Y. C.
I hereby lllhocri.bed tbe rum of________ __., wOiiltlor tbe auppon of Ta& N. Y. CotJliiiJ>tllf.
Name
-------------------------------.Addr.o
----C---~----1------~ ~
___________________ ..LoW __________________ __:_ ____
~
•
l.Lrkin. u·..ue. R~ . Cohen, lli.JJfftl. Mic:AlpiM, g..,.
wbid \, Citluw.·. P•ul. Zudier, K.arllirod.aky, W&taL Al!...
Lo•·e:.tone Hihlik aod TI.IUIW: Uonmtz.
lkie,:atc to Chkqo, .t..rkia.
J.tectifll adjourned.
011~ :
�•
The New Yori< Coamnml.t
Capitalism Appeals to God
(From a Swiss Bourge:~is Newspaper of Zurich)
Tranalated by F. 81......11' t pub/Uh tht ortu:k lwlou• not EH"ca.wt U't' a,r«
wilh Cli'IJ oj tiJ< idtOJ put /a~ ·ard, bw lwcoust :.
i/lu3JraY.J sonll't)un& of tht ,a/ conJi.Jioru ill
Su ll:trLond. Tht neu s th41 filler s throu&h I~ capitolut pr~JJ fro n Eu rope i.J vo,(ut. indt_finitt and W
thf' nuun mi.Jitadin&. Tht situo.tio n in Su iL:.r.rlond
tf'UII •t·d pror tu·a/1_
.,. no publ~.eily. yd il U ob·
from tM tent of th iJ oTticlt 1h41 rtuohuion
U Vnminf'nl.
h4.J
VIOIU
'\
It iJ also inll'ft'Stin6 to n olt tht rtactioru of I~
..,orxf' b o ur~tou to tilt cond;.: i..;;.:. ,;~ luJI't so
6-lurwowl:r supporttd in the paJI, nou· thoJ thost
co,JiHoru art about to bt'ar thtir_ lo,icol Jruit.
1 hr) op~af to the 11 orkr rs not to a/lou· thf'ir
u·ruth to J.,·a k be for t the conunt.td prcn•oco.tio ru of
tlk! copUoli.Jt clou . Thry u t'l: rr.fu ,t ir: triJih,
h_....:!::cH and no bilil·r nort· thor rh ~ u:orJ.:us ar~
r i.s111t; tv po'u•cr, hut rh~Y n~v~r t:voi.,.J th~Jt e.:inuc.t
on bf'ho lj of the million.J of tM prn!t:UJri.aJ u.ho
lwn:r bun bratrn, Jtart·rd, dtgradrd a.rul murdaed
throushout the tJ(.tJ .
·
In tl1e faa ofth t ri.si11~ mi~ht of t~ prnlrta riaJ
th') N'f lnuJiv to tht r·irtues tluu toda.Y echo onlr
as u m oc ktr) in tiu tars of the u·orJ.us of thf'
tt~orld .
T
fl[ innrr drvd o pmc.n l' of S•·itzerland hl\·e of
latt' H'Hrhed a ~ tap.e "'~i rh Art di~oncertin~ to
all "' ho ore !' O n !< i o u~ o f their r e., pon~ib ility
for 1<1·l u•t i ~ h upreninp: and "'ill h appe n in the fu ture.
T ho'<' o f us- "' ho orr u\o\·al..e ond not Llind mu:rrt be
•"' arr " ( t hr. ft~ r l th:tt "' t' nrt farinp. c- i,·il \Oo'a r. To
th b f;, r t "'·e mu ~ t f'i,·e the "'·iJ est puLiicity. !"O that
tht t·ataqr opht' "ill uot taLt' us L~· 1-u rpr i!-e a~ did
thr "'·o rl d· "' '"· n l~o t"\fU'("ted lw man y and \'et nt~t
t u rpr i.mj:! It• all o f U !o. Thr fea r, othrr"'· i~ ju.~ti·
fwi.l . u r ' ' i•:Ji ntme th!' de,·il on tht \Oo'a ll. " .h all 11 0·
lnnf't'r dt'trr u~ fr om !ohoutin;:. l<l it h a lithe l'lrf'n~h
of Clur Ju nf'~: ''\), aLe up. oJI o f ~ ou. fr om your lo ng
•IM:J •. and a!'> k yourt~-Ch~ "'·hethrr or n ot you want
ci,·il "' ar ~"
H "' e all o "'· thinJ!S to ~o o n A-' tht'~· h:l\"!' been
11:0 in(! . ch ·il "" ar v: ill cli me. At pr~nt it i" th e
bour~t'Oi .. ir "'hich unro ns-i ous l~-an d .omeonlf!'!
._.,. rrpTr=tfull)· !'onfeo! ron.~iou!r.l y- i s prccipitat in(! tht !' r: .. i~ . The in("r~~onl npr=titi on of ca llin(t
lhf' m ilit.Jf\' forces to arrn:-, for no hr1 ttr rr.:t~ o n
thnn bour~"eoia ftho St fr ight; the imi &tent circula·
tion of f :mt Lc tic rum on; • reaction whoee fiercr
idioC\" remind .. U!l of the most a bhorrent pa!!t ; the
inc3 P ari t~· o f our still es.i!ro lin g !')'SUm to undr r!-tand
thr ne-rdc o f the h our : thr reiJ:n of a rredatof)·
t\'lltt:m in o ur econ omic life , "'·h ich at preM"nt , after
the tum ination o f thr "'·ar, •till hqlds prices up 11
an Unliii :Ji n aL ir hri~ht. in llpi tr o r lar~e stocU of
tuppli ~. ju ~ t in o rdr r to makr Mill morr l<l' at
"p rofiL&-a ll th ~ and mam· other c-:mditiOnl' h l!n 'C'
created a fedinp: amon~ thr. workrn . o f "·hi ch a
peat n umhrr o f u.s.· in ou r o ld insolence of power.
ba\'e n o proper conception .
H theo.e peopl'!' do r-cn!'-C r.omethin~ of the feelmf:!'
of the ma.,.~. thry draw l<ITOnfZ co nclu~i o n s ond
onh· inten ~i f~· th~ c frdinJ% s. Corrt:!<pondinJ% 1~· the
(t'1"iinp- or Litterne-!' P O'-' !<> amOhf' th r \o'OrLer !l, end
with it the inclinntio n to conqurr force l<l' ith force,
• ·h irh in turn r.«rru to !lve reaction a moral justifi cat ion.
A tremendous tension h a.c bttn !'real~. and a
ap~trk will &uffi<'e to brinp: ahout the terrifac npl o·
sion of c h·il "'·ar. And it H:"rr.rru that the &park may
at any minute fa ll int o thi&accu mul tued heap o f ex·
pla!i\'e m.1111er . Titt "''orker!" at this hour d o not
• ·ant a readjustmrnt by ,·io lence . .:t1d a lar,:e tw:C ·
li on or thr.·hour~roi si e leans to-.·ardsJ peaceful M'l ·
tlrment; bur in the end the accumulated fo rco do
n ot a.sk our \\' ill. the)' act aN"ordin~ to their own
law. You that 11lrep and you that have been du~d .
can -you pol tee • ·hat ia ~oinp: to happen if pre1e11t
eonditioM ere •llowed to continue?
What th .. n rr.ust be done ? Shall we preach puee
and ~~:ood - willto rmn in the habitual mediillio~wa y?
Shall "''e ask that both aides giwe up some of their
deman.i& in order tO make everyt.hins well ~·in
(u if it h•d ever been well )?
rio, ihls " 'as newer our way. For u. it i. dear
thnt the (!i~ a ntic filtUR~If: between lhe old llnd the
new "' orld• rnu!-t"M foup:ht out. &d u it m.ay- be
if thit happen!ro in a wiolent and bloody way. it will
be "'·oro,c if thr. dedtion ia feu-fully avoiJed.. ll' e
elso np<ct fHOU only w•ilh 1M ui.ctory of tM MKJ
a ·orld.
Tht: q11e&tion n~w is "'·hether blood 1t1d fire ue
thi1 ,;ctory. We think not..
The totr ut- ~ : ~ c.\11 k fvuj!ht in another WI)' , if '11'1:
UJI«t it to ~· rm~ the gtr.atcst amou.nt of welfare
and 1he Jea,.t a.ltount of mi.fortune.
But then "h at muat bt: done?
\\"e think that from the aide of &he bourpo.iaie
the followinsil DllCC!M"fJ :
h ect..#ob:lf)" to brin~ ~tb€Jut
( 1) II mu•t ~ve up immediately the dictatins
poli!' y \o\"IJic h it at pr~nl Uli-C:o, and endeavo r to
come ro a byal. trustful underttandins with the Soc illl ist pr o lrtariat.
(21 Ft.r thiA purpo~~oe it mu.sl m ake immrdiate
politir al l·honf!ts, hrina ne"· men tiJ the r~poMlhle
po! ts. An~· drla~· .js a crime. ,
13 i It mu .. l talc l1urr iedlw in hand th~ .acial
rrf()tm!'. 1<1l1 kh are r«ot~-niz,."d a s n«~ar~·. Mt that
the \o\urkrrs ma~· ha,·e proof o f its t~Criow and h oneat
intrnti nu'. l\ o fur t l n~r time mu st be lo!t!
t-I l B<l urFeo i.s "'·h o rccop1ize the .uiousnes' of
the f ilu 0111 un mu 't e mrjlf't ic-a ll )· rai!>e their \"Dices
""·hene,·er possi ble to enfo rcr. lhne reformL All
thro ( orce- o f o ur J•eo ple mu ~ t Lc COnC'entratecJ on
th i ~ o nr s oa l. If "" e ca n f"D h·r thi s pu\bl em in an
exempl11r~· "' a~· . "' e ... ill Jun-e gin·n p~t M"n' i!'e
n ot onh to o ur :o-(•h· ~ l•ut to the \o\·orld; but if we
; duH! l.o foh·e it \o\e {nrfrit our 'mo ral r i~ht to exil'- lcnct', and mf'rt'l~· urld one m ore wd P.petiAc le to
tf1e ffi any o th e r~ th at the \o\·orJd is ""' iiD~ !>i ng to day.
\\'hrn• arr the (· n u l\· he~. tht' N:h oob. the po litica l
bsocia ti om ?" All rt'li !-'iOU' talk , all a.-,pirations o r
l.:no \l!lt' tlJ!t', Bll ' J•a tr iotio: m lx!rco me a f' n ec r and 1
li e if heforc thi !i proLlem "'·e are unaLie to rai~
o urJooChe~ to th e p<b il io n where ~·e e&n act impartjaJi y.
. As reJ%.uds the pro let ariat we thi n!.: that it can
hrlp to t.t1h e th r p rol•trm in ~he fo ll o .-.·inR \o\'8\' :
1 J • It OUfhl to tr' cn-r~· non·\"ih lrnt (>f~~~ihi l it)'
and n ot pia' "' ilh t hf' D• c tat o r ~ llip o f the Pro letar iat a nd ~>i mil a r \i o lent th ou~hls-M far at. th is i._.;
n111 in jur iu u.s to thr neceto ~i t y of a ne"'· form o f
tlemO('ran· and freed om.
12' It · ou~h t nCJt to allo"'' it!oelf lo l>f' dra"''n,
throu J.!h JHm· ocn t i o n ~ fr om t ~e side o f the ho ur ·
Ft oi~it> . n o mattrl ._ ,, "'. pa\'e, into an~1hing that
d ue- not gtf•""" out u f thr n ece!lis it )" of ih o wn
!'OUT~ . Jt ,_ l'trtnj::lh lie:- in rt po!>C.
t 3 • It o u1!1•1 to formulatr a ne\o\·, Aimple and
pop ular prof.!ram o f lh e m inimum Cemand s t.h.1t
it ha ~ to make Mnd imi .st upon their immediate
realiutfon, and thU. withoDl ftoouocitJ< the ~~trU«
gle to reach the final soal.
(4 ) h OUflhl n ot to give up it. faith in the ultimate trutJ1s it 11tan~ for, nor, in &pile of all dW..
appointmenl!i, the belief in ~mod · will u a but. for .
tnr"t:ting thos.e ~·h o outwardly be~on to the other
camp. Thi!! ~ood ...,.ill U actually ere, hut doe.
not find the mea w o f exprcuion.
lp it aloll8·
To both camps we wi.!h to Uy:
( ll Remember that •fter a bloodY conflict the
Tictor as well as the conq Utted will be utterly
~;~d~~~~~ea:'dut1~1e br:d.:=cd~;;u !:Uw
:m
brinp. l..~n·n.t ofte-r harvest of its baLeful cunc..
( 21 Try to "'' a~e the n~sary ci8.M war diffrrent~
l, ft vm the way no w being d o ne, not • ·ith the wea ·
pon.s o f hAte. me."\nncss and li~. but in a truthful
and c hi \'a lro U!I fa , hion. contidering that a bad
•trug~tle " 'ill ruin your own cau.e.
(:$1 T ake a f.t an d at once against the ttim.inal
•n ions o r a c.tT1nin pres~, and rtrnemLeT that you
of the bour,eoi~ie luwe al.o an inflammatory pre.,
and a mo11t C\'il one. Tale a Aland again.t thia
Hydra <'T iu flaming breath .; u w:t our land on
fire.
Ot~!'e more "''e say that tile deci.!lh-e ttruggle botween the old and new o rder of thing• we c&n.Dot
and "' ill no t pre\'enL But "''e can and &bould free
it fr om the force!- o f Hell. We call u pon all of )"OU
- ·ho a re thus capable. We coli upo n truthfulneM.
n o bi l it~· . L:.indne.§s, undrua.udin,. cheerful u crifice..
\\'e ~h o ut Ut i! • itb all the strenph ., e ha,•e at our
di ~ poul, in &ta g;:-t:r inj! !' o naciou.sn~!' o f the gravity
o f the hour. We ca ll in lht name of God. who
"'' i6he5 ci\·il -.·ar as liule u any other war, we caU
in thr name o f Ch rU.t to whom the Lull,; of o ur peoplro are co nf~!>td . and - ·ho wi!'he. to bring about
rcconci liati ou thru.,).h f ore~ of a h igher order.
An yo ne readin, thi s ia forth~ith made ruporuihle. n. err is no fate that reigns 0\' Cf w.. 'V. e still
can ri i'IC to ...,· ar& the eum.rnit instead of tumhlins
d own the abyu . " "ak.e up!
Bourge.ois Dictatorship in Local N. Y.
fCo...,iual fr.,. ,.,, I )
phrueol op- aa " ethi cal!~· unjuatifiaL ie llnd t•cticall\' suicida l." Ou r Part)' pres!', r ostrum!' , and conf. tllut ion form n fit"" h n l ~ trinit y for m hking the
maM of mernkr ~ hip talc "onr 111ep forward , t-.·o
step!! backward."
BlJTTR f.!'S I~ G Til£ DICT ATORS UIP
~
l'\o"'· fo r the th ird dradl~· parallrl. The ca
J.
iH clas~ ha ~ man ~· mea n' enaLJing it to baffi the
""·ill u f the m.h!OO and tu tll\o\'Br1 thri r purp01.r. So
h all the Parh Uurraocran.
\\ i tue~~ the p owerfu l p're!o1i, ever \o\'atchful of the
inler~t!" o f the Ho urgeo i ~ i e. Th i!<> m(;n~trr makes
and unm ak ~ p liiJiit· op inio n, ...,·ins po liti ~al cam p aifm ~ . I~ 1d.t'S IRI .o r d1ampion5, impri!IOM its
cia~~ ron. and ~-end~ millio n~ to untimel y pavee.
The upitali!'l educat ion a l im·litut ions arc no le!il
the up r ~!'ion o f CHp it.11i!lt r lu!< interests. Science
is pr:ncrted , philo11oph~· is turned int o c racked
trut h. tho u!-An d.<. of hi@:hly trained defcn drrs ~f
capitalism 1re turned oul annuall y fr o m the um ·
\'tnitiN-. ipnorancC nmon~ the maMt:!l i..~ ... nctifted ,
and re\•olutiona n · men and mo,·emenU are hllflished. So are oli othrr means o f ahap ing and dr·
terminin g thr. opini on! of the manes under co~ ·
plete bourgeois m~!lery .
.
The bourfCCOill dictat o l"fihip has full cconomtc
po"-·er. h owns the land . the h ome.. and all the
meana or production and eschange. fro m on high
the bourfl'eoi !l dictaton dole out to the mred.: laboren the ir wedtly crumb!!. The bour~isie is lltead·
ily STO\tt'ir.g richer and the proletariat poorer. . .
T o el"en quntio n the ahl'-olute control of m1ln.ry
power by the bourgeois dicuton i1 1Tea50n. The
police, the umy. the nny, the alate Co..acka. the
thu~!l. the courtll and .. undry tp«M. or jwtice di~
pen..cn JnOt,t .Ooquately buttraa tbe Bow-pt.
Dictatonhip.
The Partv Bureaucracy finda ilM'If Y'IO laM for·
tunnJe. It Owru a prc:N which is c·onstaittly grow·
i.ng more powerful llJld inO.seoti•l: Th~ rearcli?nary Socialir;t pnu debauche. the 1deal~ ~or which
re\·oluti onar y coror1der.. ~ne gone ~o J••l. by •P·
pealinp; to the bour(l:eo•~te for money , ~d ~y arranp;ing mer.tin~' o"ent1bl y to llL"t•t thctt ltber~·
lio n but in realit y to fill iu 0""D coffen. nus
prer.~ !'o ntrollrd h)· thoiot h i~hett in the councils
of th~ y,.:-1 )" Bureaucracy, and &1 the d..irect be~-.
of lhil Socia1Ut bu.re.auc:rac)', bloc:h the reYOiuUcm·
ary .... -
in "'" farty by
nl•botl .-. plblio>
W itncsa TM Colr, attitude to-ward l..eCt Win!
advert i~en~ and towards .. re-organi.u:d" -rat.ber
maM-Aned- branches. Thls prt!M, obedient to the
d ictates of the Pan)' Bureaucracy , maJr..cs and WI·
male!! the stllnding of Party membcn. Ever on
f!Uard to pro long th~ life of the Party Bwef,ucracy,
the pri\· atel~· O'-'"lted. Jeffer.onian·Socia.llat-Democ ratic preu blind~ the comrades &! to the nature of
the S ITUF@:Ie~ of the re\·o lutionary Socia.l.Uta in Eu·
r o pe. Hecall i~#o attitude toward the Bolabcriki
""·hen thei r fi uceeu appeared lmdt..obahle! Remember Th~ CoJr, notoriotu editori~fon the murder of
LieLknecht and Lnembourg by Herr \"oo Schei~
mann , who m the POl!1)' Bureaucr-=r o"ncc brought
to America to aisi.t their work a f .a..ifiing re"t"oluti ooary Socialiam here.
The Pan,·'s ·educational imtitutiom are ao 1. .
the expreu ion of the interest of the Dict.atonhip
of tht' Burea1.0crau. The Rand School, in the main
u""·ned and controlled by the Party BElt'eauc,..cy, and
orga ni1.ed into " an organiution within an organWttion"'-the AmeTic.ILD Socialiat Sot·iety in the
Amer ican Social iN Party --teach e., under the: name
of Socialism, a travesty a..nd a mia:-qJrercat.tion of
•the principles of •dentifi~ Socialism, u e.s:pounded
by Morx. En~el•. Labriola, Dieur:n. Lenin. !.iehbecht. etc. This u.me Rand School annually turm
out many defrnden of the Party Burelucracy. It
aprud!l petty-bowp;coi.!l, p.c-ifi~ ud hcoee eountc:rrewo lutionary, n olion' of the el... IITUUI~ T'hU
.. Socialist" echool of Social Science dot~~ 'DOt clare
to giYe non -pcnertcd courii!S irJ Man.i.tm, {or fcar
that th is ,.,nuld entail inYitins enmradea Dot in the
it y.
good grecoo of the· )!arty Bureoucracy lo bo tuch·
en. Thnt i1 i~orade UDct.i6cd IUDOilf' the Par+'!"
rank •nd file, tnd 10 are revolutioa.ary cutn'Dia
ahut off from the Party.
The Dict.atonhip of the Party llo.rooaaocy bu
full economic power. The Braacb ~ &ad
1..-. a.re either part 111d pan:el of tho &r-o·
eracy-. or at lcatt au.bjecl to ita dic:l...ta. 1M Party
buildings.. printin& p...-ea. boolr.a.. due llamp&, funiture. and other property a.re 1u.bjecl to title. aDd
monsageo hold by oho Socioliat Bo.roouc:rocy. The
&reaucnu' ownenhip &rMt I"'JJrtrol of Party property have been r-owi01 lf'U&CI", aad the rW aDd
61e"a •--nenhip 111d CODtrol of Party pro.,-ty ......
._, p-ow ... om&~ I«.
(C_._. .. ,_..,).
�)
1be New York eoa.-milt
7.
A Picture ·of Soviet Russia
By Muim UtriDoY
Jlur0C1.1 from lwo lf'tkfl on I~ •iJ.u.oli.on &n
Rwuo , oddreJutl hr AI. L i.J vin0t1, for~r Hu..u i.an
Pl~nipolrnJwf) an London. to an Amnicon corre·
• pundf'nJ a.1 t h~ rn.d of } aruuJ')' and tht m iddk o}
lJt'ct'mbn lt:ut. T~ January lrttu i.J prinkd fir~t.
1 har /eltnJ orr pranud ~cauJr, althou,.h J MJ·
n o/ monthJ old . thq 1-'"" a pLCtu rr of So~·U.t Rwsio
11.·hu-h mukrs UTI/K-'Jjlu,. tht C"ondili.oru deJcrik.d by
thu u r,.A:' s nt'U I dUpatr~J . ]
J\ CE m\· ).1$1 leuer a IZoud deal h a~ chunged.
Thr a uthor it~ or the So,·i~~ h~s ntend_rd in every dlrf'('llo n. Thl' Uttish Commun l!>l5 h ave
fl rmh: e-LaLii-hrd thrm~h ec in Fin land, the Lithuanilln Communi:-! ~ ha \·e ocC"'UJiil-d the peattr part of
Lithuania. a~ the l ""k raiman Cummur~i~l..!l h ave
captured .almMt a ll the hip: t o lm! "'ith t ~e ex~ep·
t u,..n o f K1e\', r.uch a~ t\.harL:.o,·, Polttwa, U ntermo·
• Ia,·, Tc hemiJ!o ~· . de. The PeLiuriam a re import·
a.nt and mav -.til thern.!leh e- at an\' moment to tl1e
Entente. j u; t 4.!1 Lht'~ pre,·iou.!!l}' ".;ld u.em-.t"l\'e!- In
Germam·. Thr- E._.,thonil'm alone have had bad
luck. they did not po~~ fouffic•ent fu rcr-~ to ~e
Uin th~ d•~tricts "·h ich thev had ra·aptured . .,.,·lule
the Ru!o.-inn Sovin.r. refrain.ed fr om !o('nding troop~
there in order not to pw\'uL.e Finland to .,.,.ar.
M ~:11~ures, ho"''t''t'r. ha,·t ht""en ta ken to pre,·ent the
E~thnniun nnd Finnish \\'hite Gu:u d~ from pruceed·
in~ bf"\'Ofld the r r ~nt fro nt. In the E.ut, after
the caPture of OrenbuTft and l'fa. "'' e are npccting
the fall of Zl atou~;t. Th~: defeat 111 Per m . .,.,·hich
ha.!! be-en Wl much e:t.af!~et .:J ted ahrnad, .....u !>Cared ~·
notit'ed in H ~ia. There. M in f1.1t home, 11 ....·a~ a
ca~ of t re.1c her ~· on the part of the commanden.
l11 Lhe Sout h. General 1'\ra~ n o,· i ~ idlinf! his t ime
a .,.,·ay. In !,,~ria the .... orlr.en and }M'ASanlA do not
cea...o.e to re~ l.
The commi11ee of the Constituent AMembly pro·
po.ed to the So,·iet Go,·emment an a lliance for
joint action ~!!ain.!!ol Jt\olchal.. TchernO\', .,.,·ho had
fled from 1\.olch.J.: to l"fa. h a~ Tt'Cei,·~:d perm~ion
to JTturn to Mosco"f\·. The Mem.he,·iki. too. han: re·
emt"f~ed, bu.t continue to chant their dirP,Cft· A new
cum p irac ~· of the Lch Soci:ali!ol Re,·olutionaries
ba! been detected , but · it i~ of a local chuacter.
Lenin i~ tryi.nr to unit.e all _tht Sociali~t partie.
...·J. ich recognlU' the So,·•et TC'fflmc!, but down below,
nmon!t the m~. the Menshe,·W and ·Socialist
RC'\·olutionario i.m:pire peat d istrust.
The arm)· coutinu~ to gr~.,.,·. and in a couple of
plOnths .... ill Amount to teVeral m_itpon! :
.
11umk~ to imporU from Ukrome, the food t.ltua·
tion at MobCo""· h ll!i 1051 its acuten~s. but there is
little fuel , and Lhe people are fluffering nctali••glt
from cold. At J'etrograd nen Lhe f.ood aituation U ·
h ad. The reporU about disturbancefi are lin .
The All.ied hlock.ade ia condemning the country
to t.la rva tion and cold. The Scandina,·ian coun·
trie& ha,·e broken with U!- \'er-y uil""·illingly.-yielding
to the p res..cure of the Allies ""·ho pr~nted them
....·ith an uhirnatum.
·ing to this rupture, we are
unable to im}'ort from Denmark \'eg-etable .eed.!! to
the amount of 40,000,000 rouble, ~·hicb .,.,.e had
· bou(t:ht there and p:.aid for in CA!!h. We cannot im·
pon ag-ricuhural implemenl.!l anJ mach in~ from
Sweden ; and tl•e British have forbidden them to U ·
p on evet~ paper to Russia. A la rge quantity or
flu bou ~ht by Lhe ·S ~·edo in RuMia and com·eycd
from Petropad in R YMian bottom.!! ""'A.!! r.cized h)'
. the British at R~·al a.nd taken to British poru. We
are being wangled and deprh·ed or thelos.sibility
of bettering tl•e internal condition!, an )'et it ia
we ....·ho are made r oponsible for thf" con!'equencea.
Neutral countries are being forced to boycott U!,
and lhen lhe fad i.! UJed u proof of our wicked."
Dee8. . . .
. . . . The decisive (acton in the situation at
preecnt are: (1' the complete collapae of the coun·
ter-revoJutioo and the dis.appeara.ncc: of oppoeitiob
W ide the c::ountry, and (21 the form~~'tion· of a
lars e. cfkient. and weJI-diacipliued new army.
Whatever Yiew one m..y take of the activity of the
Extraordinary Com..mi-iona (for FiPttins the Coun·
S
o. .
ter of a prott.a demonlltration. The r ing-leaden
....·er": •bot at tln~ inatance or the dcmon.&tratufl them·
tel\'ef.,
Th~ Lch Socialit.t Rr,·olutionarico. "'·ho, up to the
time or thr! Gt-rman Re, ulution, had been indul@:ing
in lachr ymo~ plaint.a about tht ..Brest nOOM:,.. have
no.,.,· celmrd do"'·n -"nd Cor the m~t p11rt fu .!IIC'd with
the Communi~t part} m \ lnue of a decision of their
centra l commillte. The ~1en~ht':'\·ilr. Untral Com·
m illoe i• . ll!'~a l ing for the • upvort of the Suviet
Go\ ernmenl and fo r a f1 ght a~ainst the counter·
re \ O)ution, t}IOUf[h it fe()e.].tS, tO "ll \ ' e 8pp<:atanee&,
the helplew- twad1lle aho ut the Con~tituent A~m·
hi\·. E\·tn till! J""'· i!·h llun<f_ i,., indi ,· id u~tl h and
l'O.llecti\•eJy, mlf!r llllllf! inlu otirvt'amp. Qf the.Jnter·
nat~ana li~t.!l and thf" " .\ o' .:l}·a Zhin•'· group ..career)·
an ~1h ing need Le toaid. Tht)' ha'e fur a long t ime
pMt be-en "''orl.:ing con•<: ient io u ~ l~· in So,·iet institu·
tions. Cork'· and Andrt'\e\·8 l hi ~ ""ifei ha,·e un·
re.ooen ·r-dly j~ined U.!!o, co~fmin, their critici.6ma to
tht litt le det:ril!l o f tl1e biEt machi'le.
A!l for the ,·ill aFet fo. their fume o f mind i.J; best
illu.!ltrated IJy the rec-ent COnf!TO!I or tlle Po\C'rt)'
Corruniuee. or the L' niori of l'ion.hem Communes,
"'·hich ....·u attended. be~ond e'ipecta tion, by n o
ft.,.,·e r than l b .(J(J() df" IC'rat ~. A t.ug,::estivn to form
a moJel repiment of 4.<-.JO fr om among the mem·
~r~ of the cong:re:.~ .. .. met by the immediate offer
to enr oll un the part of 6,000 deleg.:rtcs. Alto·
gether. the for mation of tl•e Po,·en y Committt'CS in
the \'illaf;I"'S has JlfO\'ed a !!Uccessfu) rheasure. TI1o;.e
('O mtn i ll t~e!iJ are wa,;inf a ~ urx-~sful batt le .,.,·itl1 the
,·iliage ,·uh ureo; and the r ith ~·h o bo.J contrh·r-d to
entrench th em~h·~ in the \'illage So\·ieu. of the
o ld tyve. But tl1e rich pea5allt.s, too, are ho~i le,
not •o mur h to the So,·in Government aa to the collection of tue-.
!\fobili.z.ation i~ proceeding almost e,·err " ·here
ptell)· IU IX'e~~full~·. Tht peau.n\5 fEather at the
\'atiocs centr~ ....·ithout any comj>uh:ion "'hattoe\'eT
The iJett of the neco.~> it y of act i\·ely prot«ting the
Peop le't; Go,·ernment is tolriking ~p rootfl. . . .
Th(' food ~upp ly h a.!- pe:..tl)· impru '·~.. but ia 1till
ddect h·e, partly on account of the difficu lt ies of
trant'pon, b ut a l ~o in part o"' inr to the dh.hone.;ty
of the aOo\·e·menlioned elements. Bread, ho....·e,·~.
il' ~;upplied to the tO"""Il' pret1 y regu larl y." .,.,·hile
~~~~;r.~!~~~re0~i~~i~~t~~~~~· ~~:~ ~ !b~~.f~t~~
5ullicient quantiti~ r eACh t!1e 'to "''tl!'. In the corn·
po....·ing pro,·incef, the number of ""·hidt b as of latr
considerably increased. thaW to the clearing-out
of the Cucho-SiuvaU f rom tl1e Vol ~a. the peaYnlll
aupply the el~nton .....·ith • ufficien l quantitiet or
grain. but the further traruport to the capitAls ~t i ll
lea\'f'!S much to ~ d N ired. Ill icit ~;elf-prO \'isioning
h as been suppteslied. yet th~ r ich bourgeoisie ~;ti ll
contrh·es to oLtain a bM)Iutel )' everything for mOne~·.
All tl1e restaurants. hn~ been clollonl, and in their
plat'e puLiic kitchew have heen opened ....·here the
population can get c~upon d.ion~n. far from luxuriou!t and not al ....·ays 64\i...fying. n.eir number ia
still insuflicient. and queut'l, unfortunatel y. are not
of rare occurrence. The .hop.!!, too, ate alm~t all
do~ or n ationa liz.ed, and all articl~. as well u
food..stulf'•, are distributed h)· the food committCiel6
amonf!: the dil!trict centr~.....·bb,ce they are deli\•.
ered to the houte committees. Prices are f1:1cd for
ever)•thing. and are, comparative!)· •pealing. not
high. Bread, for inllance, i.!1 wid at Moecow •t 60
kop«h {h. 3d. at pre-war rat~ I a pound, while
the bourgeoi~ic pays, by buying from iliC@'al tradetfl, 10 roubles 1.£1 at pre·"''"' rates) a pound.
The tame ratio between the 6:1ed and free price5
~o~.ft~eiCo'!:n::i:~.a!!,:!';~ct::!:~:k
i' becarried on fM-eti.!!hl )', hut naturall y the prect.i·
ca adminimation it conaiderahly behind the let·
inf
in cboosiDf! the. UbaiDo, finland, ond Inforeip
eou.otrica u the 6elda for their in
Ru.
8;sh~
trip&
aia iu.eU. apart from amaH rioU which tporadically
break out in iaolat.cd \'il~ in eoo.oect.ion wil..b
the mobiliutiOD, or QD<kr tile in.Sueoce of tbe qi·
t.aliun of re.actinnarie. from ouuide, there have of
late been DO con•riracla a.ud 'DO reLeJiionL The-e
have boeo tpoe.d~and peaceabl y coped with for
a: :r.: r:;o!.!ur~
~ r.:tc moDiha
oailon in Petrosrad, bot tlw bo.. """" tho cJwK.
rear
M ~»eow
i• al.olua.ely calm. l.n the p~
in connection with the celebration of"lbr Bolaberilr.
Re,·o lutio:J alm::u!t the entire population took pan.
[,·en the bourgeoi•ie a.hibils no •iF of bocility •
mi Kh id.m.aki~. 1f it had not beea for the 8lllCI'C
h.:>J)CS c l the O\-erthr ow of the SovM:u by the Allied
umi~. the bourgeollie would h ave already .rec::o.
ci!ed iuell to the new rq:irne, and woo.Jd have ada~
e<l it ~ lf to it. \\ltat iA causing compl. is DOl
the r egime i~lf. L~t the corruption of i.JIIiridaal
officials. of ....·h ich J ~r.ok.e Wore. Tb.ia, indeed, it
our ch id e\·il at preeenL lt ia the kpey of lha
Tur'ti J"'r!ime, intensified h)· the wu ·U.d the iDcrea~d ::05t or lh•ing cauaed by iL AA IIOCb. il ia . .
longer a P.peci6c Hw.fian evil, but il well ·n~ iD·
ternation.al, being r ife in all count..ne. of w._...
Euro~. eap;ec:ially in Germany. Of COQI'IIe, thia aod
other' dercci.t. of the new repm.e un aDd will he
e liminated, and. in •pite of th" !igant:ie d.ikolU.
::.e~:i~~h~.~:rrT:J·= =~~:e.~"';{:.
l o~~a l di mem ion~. The activity of tiK Commu..r.
iat of Public lo.!!truction ia evokiop;- t.he admir.tiOD
even of the _bourgeoitie. more particularly
tbt pro-
, .ition of bot break.fut for all cb..ildrea iD ·tbe
tcbools: The tl1e1uu an: wo~ .. before., aad
e\·en the former Court acton aad aciJ"rael llne,.
mamod at their poota, beins b ;~hly Ntis601! wioh tioe
large measure of autonomy granted to thaa..
re.tartef
Factorif:fi can only be
KCOrd..i.q • nT
material and fuel beeome nailable. The ecooom.ic:
rer:on~truction ;,;. ,hampered. to a Jar~ ~ by
the miliwiz.ation of the_country. llaTi.Di a.lell
a luge &nn)' ahd ~ng on a wu at 10 IUJrf
front!, ""·e are oblitcd. in a rne.uure, to ral.oll'e 10
iu. plaCe of h onor the old priDCiple, •&erytb.i..aa
for the war."
hutead o~ .WO, tbe nailable .
rollin,: fl ock for the con\'e')'&DOe of uw ma-ial
and foodJn uffa, ~·e are obliged to employ it f« t8a
traMport of troops, food. aod war m.d.erial to t.be
f ronl!. If you add to thia the ~~eva-e bl~ lry
the Allie., • ·ho do not allow evm aeutral eoCIIII:J"ie.
to aupply u.a with the mearu o f prodoctiOEL, w\:Ucl
they are prepared to ncbange for our tarplaa ll.ock
of ra~· material, you ""·ill unden tand th.t it ;. DOt
the weakneae of the So\·iel repme, bU1 oar deti:re to
restore hea lthy economic condiioru io Ru.ia. wbicll
hu ... rompted our offer of Jl'f*'C' to the All~ ••• •
\l'e a-. p;oin! to repc~t h oooe apin. ud., if it ir
refuftC'd , there ""·ill be nothing left for 111 &o do bat
throw upon the Allied Covernmcou the rspoaa;.
b;l;oy for lh< colo... I bloocbhod ond tho dnuutioe
of Russia ""·h icb will in~·it.ably rault froaa d.i:r
further interw.ntiotL Kno~inp; u I cJt, the feellas
or the maua., ' c.an eon6denlly predict t.b.at in e..
the Allie. or the White' Guard. auprorted by tb.l
lihould attempt to adv1.00e against Ceatral R--.ia,
they ....·ill not find any bourpi1ie kit t:bere; il
....-ill be e:rtenninalcd to a man. Evea DOW tbe C.O..
emment ,6nds · it very dikuh to ratraiD ~ popa·
Jar wrath again.t the forei~ aqd Dllti'l'e bovpoM
-the 'wrath cauaed by the ruptW""e of dip.lom.lic
TCiatiu~ by the neutral Powen., which hue dedW
on thi ~ t>lep mainly under the pnsaun of tbe A.l.lied
uhimo~t.. Howe,·er, the Soviet rqlUae placa iD
chief hope wpon the working elaa. ill the Allied
:ountrie.• .,.,·bkh. it upect.~, will ult.imaiely ..-U.
the real ainu and objecb of the iot.erYentioo, whD
haa now IMt ita former pretext of ~ Ute C.·
IDIJll,.
••••
.The Communist Book Department .
t<r·Re>·olut;on, Speculation, and SabotAso) , they
are eotitl'!d to the eredit of bari.n! ~. withia
a aht.rt time, in dearins Runia of all the moa actin counte:r·revolutiooary and ccm•pir:r,
· "'-Thu b&o beeu achic:..d not oo much by yoical ...
tamination, u by the iDtimid.ation o. the hour·
pi1ie. The capit.a.IOO, D\ODarehiata, ud Soci.alRevolutioD&J"ia of the Ris}1t, ebooa.ios the bea.er
part of vaJor, bJYe, for the IPDa part,eoupl Mfety
ltlation. Perfect pubUc order reip i.e both capi·
u l.., "llld a ll reporl.l of brif;a.ndap;e aDd murdu ia
the ltrcets are al.olut.e fabricatio-.. In Moecow
th~ atreet.!l are fuJI of people up to mldnicht. Nat
M1ly th~ common inbabil.&nU, but alto Lbe .,oopl.;'•
Cnmm..i,.Nr.t X" about in the nipt withoal UIT
eecort and ....·ithout
of anack..
A N.w t..tt.r
to.- w.nr.. e1
Prioo,S_...
...
~
Lota ol ........ .u. 100, ..,a.!
~.,
.... A - - . ..
By N. t..iD
I
-.u.a,IOtolOO,S~-
~
.. . ,·
Jly N. I..ia.
Price, 10 a-u., 7~ T• Da,.. n.t s-... ... W..W. ••••
Jolm Roed'a Stor) of tho Bol"-iit R..olatioe. Aaooot!nJ>b EditloL
Spodal Price to Comradeo who Order thro~ Ta& CoiDIVI<ln lloolt ~
ln Prepanlioc:
A y - ef ..........._ ~.,. •
: : ].
05cial R•pon of lloe R...W. So'fiol G o - oa a!l A.dio,ltioo uol ~ ol,
tho Proletuim Republic from No....- ~ 1917, to o.-1., 191& Abool #IT
I"!"'· p. per """".
Prioe II. Spooial R.oa.. r.. .,...W..
~~
· ·
.
·
•
, _:,.---
·
�1'1te New York Communlat
The Geneology of Righ\-Wingism
By John Everett
"MOOEH,\TE SOC IAU M" - Mcr,.hc••i•m Hight \Viugism- ii! the bastard ofT-!pring of
tl1c Cor(" "'w i.st .\lmrifesto oud the Dnrwiuinn
Theor)'·
The "modernte'' or "constructive" Socialist has
for ha lf a centurr nd\·ocntcd a t )·pe o( social cVolu··
tion which ;;hnll slowly, cuHI in ltll order!)' manner,
transform Cnpit:1lii!m into the Socialist Common·
wea lth Lr slow a11<l n l mo~t imperceptible degrees.
,
~::~fisr~~~~~ ir~~~::~::,~: n~!d0~h!~1 inp~oJd~sri~i~!de~~~
erotic" lit/lies soc ial change must be nccomplished
through the p:1rlinmentnr y system, the " moderate"
Sociu list nrrh·es u l the fmsc innting conclusion thnt
nil we IHI\'C to d o is to keep on p:t!!ing lnws--cun·
ning;i)' frnmed;or course, h)· Socinl ist politis:inns-
thnt will , little !Jy little, wh ittle awn)' the capitalist
ll)'.l!tem uutil it finnlly disa ppears beneath n moun·
tniu of ~ltltut cs, constitutional mncndmcnts, city ordinnncCi!, 111\J nil the other by·products or the
bourgeois " democratic'' stole.
In uccordnucc with this program, the Right
Wingcn hnvc crcntcd ••II thnt imposing nrrny o£
" innnctlinlc demands.. an1l ''trnnsitionnl programs,"
wh k{• c:11l for law11 esta bli ~ hiu g uemplo)·ment In·
fiurnlkC. Acciilcut. Dcnth mul Sickness lnsumnce,
the Eight I-IOII f Dtl)'. Abolition of Child Labor, De·
crcn~ of Arm:uncnts and- incongruously enough
- Hcputlintion of Nutionnl Debts!
Thct i'. i<f ('ou r~c. nrc not Sodnlist demand:s.
The)' urc fH~t i t LourJ!cois reform'". The)' enlist the
ncti\'e support of smull property owners, little
trndesmcu, go\·crnmcnt emplo)'Ces, nnd advcntur·
ou!l profcs.. iunal nwu , the Iutter consh;ting largel/•
, of lnwrcr!i. Ouri••g the I n!'! ten )'Curs, the oil ·
line Ctl llitnlist purties ha,·c ..Cilccl ur,nn mnny of.
thC!oC "StH:inJi11t'' llt!IIHIIUf!l aud Jl llllkll in the
" trau:-illonnl pr11grnms," nnd put them into more
or I .;;!' dft:l·ti \'~; OfU!rntiou.
In fnce t)f tlti ~. the "I'On:-tructivc Sociulist" proud.
Jy iu ~ i~U that the cnpitul ist class is di,:giug its own
grnve, uud thnt the ''stea ling" o£ "Socinlist" de·
mnntl1e. In· the cn pit r~ li5t pnrtics demonstrates the
truth of the proposition thnt soc ial e\•olution must
proceed upon modcrnte nnd constructi\•e lir.es.
The " int e ll cctun l ~" nmong the " mode.ntcs" llfJ·
penl. mnong other things, to Liolopy to support
their tlll'orics; the)' quote Darwin s "Origin of
Sp.:cics" in pruo! thttl the)' nre right.
Tho hi ~t nry of th:H book is cxt rcmell• signiftcnnt ,
It wns fir,:t publishc1l iu 1059, and s 10rtly nft rwnrd wn!!; wclcu tncd br the bourgeoisie or the
world with ~ren t cnthuo: iao:m.
Oul y the dnJ.:mM of orthndo"< religion stood in
the wny; Lut astute ministers of the Church quickly
;u;comrnodutccl the story of the Crention of Dnrwini ~m . h)' exfllaining thnt the BiLle really did not
mean whut it said. hut fJUitc the contrnr)'.
At that time cn)Jit.nlism hnd just triumphed. It
hnd !Ceurcd :1lmost und i~puted control of the Stale,
it wns in its compctiti,•e hea,·en o£ adulteration
and CltfJioitntion, its income from domestic nnd
foreif,'ll mprkets wns piling up fabulous wealth, and
"e,·erythins "''as for the best in the best of all pos·
sihle worlds." It was very much to the bourgeois
interest thnt 110 violent convulsion shoultl upset
crt dit or impede the normal flow of imlu.Jtrial pro·
duction. At the sarnc time, the victors in the com·
petiti,•e struggle nnturnll y dominnted in industry,
politics ami socin l life, nnd having won "success"
through competition, believed vcrr e:trncstly in the
virtue of competit ion mul its coroiiAr,r, Lnissez
Fn irc~ It wns the zenith o£ the 1\lnnchcstcr School.
Darwin sl10wed thnt the most int cn ~c struggle
for sun•iva l runs through al,l forms of life- that
struggle iS the fundamental law of ull life forms.
And he showell that out o£ the struggle for exis·
tencc, merci Jco;~ J y wnb"Cd in a "nature re(l in tooth
nnd claw with n l\'in," had emerged types and
s1a:cics which hnd survi,·ed by rcnson of their fit .
ness alone.
Coincident with this. he showed that the de\'clop·
mcnl of species from 11 couuno11 'uuccstry h:td bt.'C n
an infinitel y long proce~s. nrhie\'ecl by the uncens·
ing nccunmlntion of minute mh·:.~ nta ges inherited
nnd dc,·Cloped by countless gcncrntions. i\.nd, look·
ing o\'Cr n world plunged in the misery of relentless
compctiiion for mere sun•h·ol, he sijnhed from n
grent heort O\'Cr the prOSJ)CCt of its eru less continn·
otion, with nil its. sufferings nnd triumphs,
Coul<l ony philosophy fit more completely the
re<1uiremcnts of n system of e'xploitntion nml com·
petition more riterciless thnn 1111)' whiclr e,·er J·,)ag\led
mnnkind '! Coulcl nny philosophy so lwppi )' justf:
fy the horrors of the cnpitulist system? Abo\'e nil,
here wus scientific justi ficntion of the desire of
the property·owning class for .n stable social S)'.!l·
tem, free from th o~e revolutionary lllO\'ements
which so sadly upset the \'Cry bnsis of enpitalist
production nnd prol'it ! ·
Cnpitnlism mul IJnrwinism went hand in lwnd.
They h'ere the moulders of socinl thought. On ly
n few mngnificently in ~le pcndent th inkers, like
i\lnrx. B:rkunin, Kropotkin, cnu ltl break the mould,
nnd run into new nnd freer forms.
In this soe inl mould. then, lie the foundations ' of
" moderate, constructh·e ocinlism'' - the creed
which domir.nted the Second lnternutionnl in 1 9 1 :~,
Bourgeois Dictatorship in Local N. Y.
(Cfmtillut'rljrom page 6)
lu their fight t o ~t ern the tidnl w n \'C C'l f the Left
Wing, the Socialist·Bourgeois <lictntors hn\'c not
l•csitotcclt o u ~c police nnd thug l'ow ·r. Hcmember
thnt tho re!II0\'1\I or furuiltlr. in the 1i th i\. D. SUC·
the mo~l \'ociferous resolutioning. The nrbitrnry.
hu rcnucrntic, legn l technique o£ our Party constitution mu!!t be discnrded. The nmount of wea lth
llll<lthc socinl position nttnined in cnpitn list society
lnst ofiicinl meeting of l.ornl New York's Central
Committee w:1s ndournCcl with the n~sist n m:c of n
Pol icc Cn ptnin. Hc111emher thnt 11 Murmun!lk Vic·
tory 1\rch Alderman hit a Ldt Wing spokesman nt
n Ccntrnl Committee meeting! The Socialist Bu·
rcnuerncr. exploits its conttol o£ the Purty judicial
powc.r most hrutnll )'. Workers who show thorough
cln~s·con sc iou~ ne~s nre not perrnitccd to j oir> the
J>nrty. ;md rcnctionarie!l ore rushed in. Vicious, unfounded chnrgcs nrc preCerrl!d ag:1iust Left \Ving
spokesmen, nnd the stnge is set for rendering them
"swift" justice. The d ictntorship of ' the Socinlist·
Bourgeoisie through its control of the Party courts,
ruthl ~.s l y snhotap.cs nil efforts of the rnnk nnd file
to tli ~ i(J iinc nntl hring justice to the Hight \"'('ing
officin ls, CongrcS-:omcn. nnd Aldermen for their
uller lliHcg:nnl nml continuous ' 'iolntion of Party
rulc..s nml princi ples.
re\·olutionnrr prOJ)agnndn , nnd not the mere hold·
ing of office in bourgeois legislntures. The re·
born ocinlist Party mul)t base its tnctics on science,
nml not on twentieth century Utopian·pncifist hu·
mnnitariunism. Our members must nil Le trained
in the principlfj o£ s.cientific Socialism. Educn·
tion must supplant fiiiiiiiS)'• The class busis must
he our only htH/1is in our nuitude and policy toward
nil problems o cnpitnlisrn.
·~~~!~~~~LI;1:~1c\)e~1,:~:~~~C~:~~~~:~i.onl~~::;~':.',l:~~dtl:~; ~::~ ~;~, no~~~:W:,r ~~r~>\c~iit•~;i:.ift ten~:.~ :~:~~~.g ~}
I
Til E TASK IIEFORr. US.
Comrndcs! The He,·olution will ne\·er come
through the good grnces o£ the High Mngistrntcs of
cnpitnlism! Nor will C(uhmunisrn be attained
tlu:ough worshipping the fetish of n politicnl mn·
j ori t~· with Capitulism iutnct! The Dictatorship of
the Bourgeoisie will ne,·er b~ .un dc rmined b)' pnr·
liamentaq • ''ictories! The clnss slruggle will nc\'er
be won in the temples of Bourgeois Jusricel Only
~O~ IAI.1 ::.1· 1',\ RT\' ,\ SD OOt.:Rta:o u; SO tl-: T\',
re\'olutionnrr nnl!l!! action organized into n Prole·
Co mr:ult·~!
" The working clnil~ cAnlltll ~ impl y tnrinn Dictntorshil' c:tn sweep nwnr the Bourgeois
tyrnnn)' ntH! inaugurnte Communism! The llou'r·
):t\' holt! of tlw rc:Hh·.nmdc State m:lcltinen ·. nnd
usC it fo r it:" O hlt pur·,,o..e:.:.." The bourf!.cui~· dictn- geoisic must be cxproprintccl. The cn t}i tn li ~l must
he omtecl from power. All counter·re\'olut ionnry
t or~ h il'· •d u'thr r it he cns:-nck or rcpubl icnn. can't
Lc ultcs·rd (t, · our 1110:-t .si uccrc dc.. ireo;, The burcau- effo rt:~ of the Uou rgcoi ~ ie must be rut l d ~s l y sup·
nbotase o£ intlustrr hy Bou rgeois lend·
rratil' , n rbit~"ill')'. gcu~r;1 phic nnturc of the' Stnte p res~cd.
mu.;l he di-cnrdcd, The ri{!:ht tO dctermiue the er:o mu ~t be crushed nl nil cost. To li ~ h tcn ;~ II this
fol'ln uml nr1111re of ~oc ict y mu ~t he the: right o nl~· pnin of the trnnsitii>n Jlerioil between cn pituli:nu :mel
o£ th o~c \\ho du :-ocinll )' lll'\' Cs~a ry work. Not the Conmmnism. the Prolctari•m DictntorshiJl must be
RlllOUilt of \I CIIlth ,t lt\tl~SciJ . l.nt the tb~r<'C o£ :<OCin( ~et up.
Yc~. Thu! onl y will the workers learn to con·
us<'ful nc~~ is to be the cril criun of socinl stnndinr:;
trol Industry .md Production ami to mnnnge the nf.
in the Commu ni~! ... ociN y!
,
fairs of society. The "ictory of the proletJrint will
Co mrnde~! The 5ocin l i~l Pnrty M nt present or·
gnnized nnd m:mn{letl. nn ' t ov~r.nit:ht become n be nttnined through n world.wide federntion of Sorc,·olutionnr)' Pnrl)'. The dictntonhip of the So· Yiets!
Comrades! The Socialist Part VC'lf :\
ciaHst-Bourgooisic cMnot be de!troycd by meant o£
\
.
nnd coll npscd ul the fir~! heat of 1hc w11r drums-the ..Socinlism" so ndmirn Li y rcprc...ented b)' Kcrcn·
sky in Hussin, Ebert nnd Scheidenumn in Ccrmnny,
busy butchering the prolctnrint in the intcrcst!J of
international cupitnlism; und b)· the Hight Wing
in America.
As n matter o£ fact, the '' moderate Socinlist" had
long before the war ceased to be a Socinlist. He
was a fool, deluded by half-bnkc'd economic theories, h)' nh nntiqunted schoo l of biolog)' ; he rushed
headlong, not into the Socialist Commonwealth,
but into the impossible senility of Stnte Cnpital·
ism,
To this dny, ns he wonders uncertain I)' among the
ruins o£ cnpitalis.m, the "Socinlist intelk-ctu<~ l " hus
not disco\'ered thnt biologicnl science hns complete·
lr abandor'J ed the Darwinian idea of the e\·olution
of species by. slow nnd nge·lortg processes. ns being
not in conformit)' with obser\'ed facts. The "mod·
ernie Socialist'' hn.s not kept pace with the de,·elop·
ment of hiologr. He docs not know the catncly"mic
theories ,Jemonstmtctl h )' the modern biologist.:; such
ns i\lendcl, De Vries, and others. Thei'c obi'cr\'crs
1ut\'c discovered thnt sometime:.; species arc pro·
duced almost O\'ernight. Others have ~h o wu that
for the sun•iw1 l of !urge number!! of ~ pcc ies, the factor of " mutunl nid" is as importnnt :1s i :o~ irul iviilunl
·\'ictOf)' for other forms of life in tht!' cnulcr forms
of the slrugg:le for existence. lu Lrief. the ''c\'olu·
t i on n r~·" theory o£ Dnt win has h<.'C n profoundl r
modified hy the '"cn t acl y~m ic" fnctor. The d is·
CO\'er)' o£ the nuturc of prot6pln~m by Dr. !'\Inc·
Dougal; mmounccd on "Apri l 2:Jth in the New York
T imi:5. with its corollnry of the po:.sihil ity of creal·
ing new s.pcc ies from the omries of plants by the
injection of certain chcmicn ls., cornplctd y destroys
the time· fnctor in the Darwin ian theory of orgnuic
C\'olution.
It is stgniflcnnt of the utter brenk·down of the
"consi ructh·e intellectunl • Socinlist.. school of
thought, thnt the :·cotaclysrnic" theory in biology
nnd chemistry wns de\'cloped nl nbout the some
time th:tt European Lnbor l\'l <wement Lcgnn to
brenk n WO)' from the lendership of the "orderly
evolu.ionists," tmd resort to drastic forms of direct
nction under the stimulus (\f syndicalism, indus·
triolism, ond other cntncl ys•fric methods o£ social
progress.
The hnnkrupiC)' of the "orderly C\'olutionnr)'"
philosoph y n£ Darwinism todny is no less complete
thnn the bnnkruptC)' of "orderly e\'ol\itionnry" So·
cinlism. confronted with the living fnct or the
Social Cntnclysm.
ne\'er L<.-come a proletnrian orgnnizution through
the good graces of the. high bureaucrats of the Hight
Wing. Nor ,\'Ill the lcs.sons o£ the Bolshe\·ik nnd
Spartncnn Re\'olutions .be len rned by the American
working class ns long ns the ownership nnd control
of the Socialist Pnrt r h)' the Right Wiug Burcnu·
crnts rcn;uins iniac~. The Dictutorshill bf the So·
cinlist Pnrty Bourgeoisie will ne\'er be undermined
by useless resolutioning, and purposeless. indefmite
discussion. The struggle of the muss o£ the mem·
bership ngninst the Socialist Party BureaucriJ.cy
will ne\'Cr be won in the domains or Part )' legal
technique. Onl r re\'olutionary mass erTo'rt gnl\'nll·
ized into n Left Wing organization can sweep away
the tyranny of the Hight Wing Bureaucracr and
bring td\ birth an uncompromising Socialist Pnrtr,
worthy "\of union with the Bolshcviki and
Spartncnns. The Socinlist Burcnucrncy must
be uprooted. Tit'! Hight Wing terrorists rr.ust
be ousted from Pari)' control. All nllempts
of the Hight Wing directors to hinder the
realization of the will of the m'nss of l"nemLer·
shill must be decisively defeated. Snbotnge of P~t y
life by the Hight Wing chiefs must he. stopped ill
nil cost. In the lrnnsition period bclh'eel~ ty·
bourgeois nnd Cornmunis.t policies and lactic , mnny
pernicious innuences and peri lous sit r'iiiions wi ll be
encountered. To O\'Crcome nil these 1 tc tiCS, the
Lefi Wing organi:r.ation must be bu ilt nn supported.
Thus onlr will the rank nnd file learn to cont iol
nnd mnmtge the arTnin of the Socialist Party. Tl1e
"ictOr)' of the re\·olut ionnry elemenls of the Socinl·
isl Pnrty. i. c.. of the Left Wing, wi ll be nllnined
only through the systcmatic:t lly united efforl.6 of
uncompromising Soci:rlists .the country O\'cr . •
) Left Wing Speakera, Attention I
The Outdoor speaking season is upon u s, 1\'lnny
brnnches will hold open air meetings, ami r.oqi.MIIU
for Sl)enl.:ers nre so numerous that we cn!WIIl lll('o'
ply the demand. \Ve urge all those who nre ~h
or speaking to send in their names and ~
to the !ccretary, 43 W. 29th St., s nd sltee wt6
dates tbey are wiJiinJt to J[i\·e.
I
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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New York Communist, 1919-05-31
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1919-05-31
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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application/pdf
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n07_19190531
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2018-08-13
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v01n07
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
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Bourgeois Dictatorship in Local N.Y.
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New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f2b12fda562cb7b8154c65898fbd4314.pdf
4acbcba38b26584ada4dcfb37dfe7b63
PDF Text
Text
oh~
New York
COMMUNIST
Vol. I, No.6
New York, Saturda.y,' May 24, 1919
Price 5 cents
Clearing the Decks
~ IIII.U,H'IT IHJ!>
M OUIU
l rm~ n •t irc·uu·rll wit h 1111
fur :\I n\'
2 1 ~ 1.
Pmer ~t·d
frn m
hi ~
u rl it·lf' in T/!f' Cn/1
•·nt it lr•rl. ..The
Sn1 · iali ~t . Tn~k
inlt·rnntionnll )'. Not HS trmlc un ions, nor even as
::::·i::: •. ~~Hiu-.Jr i.t! tmillll'l, lout It!~ m1c working-cia~
nnd Oulluuk": lh-.·.w ..c o f Jaj.,. po~ itin n iu the I'M·
ty, t h i.: artidr· mu~t u ut lw 111krn a:- tl w 1'\: Ji fl'!i."irln
nf 1111 ind i\idual. Lt i:- pu],!i .. hecl in '/'/,,· (:,/1 in
ju ..t th(' m:uuwr tha t the prunmwiamcntu.. rof J n mc~
i\1. Br ~· k art• pub ]i..lwd in 7'/tt' Tim••.f. It 11111~')w rc·
gurriPd a .. H :-l'llli · ol~, · i.rl dr,·IH ratinn, furmula! Ptl
n hr·r ' '" " "uh :!liurr \1 ith l'a'rl )' " l t~.ull· r.. '' u f all :-had c:-
Bul lum i!i th i; lo l1e d o ne? At•ctmling to Com·
r ;r. ll' llillt 1uit "~ o wu f-lnt cment " tho nrg:mized la ho r
was a nw\•emcnt fo r the hcncmo\"Ohwnt
fit uf tlrf' hcth:r-situnlcd !'lrnta of l:lbo r- thc skillet!
wt~rker'!'.' "
In other wo rds, the ''C(:o no mic co us.e.-.''
of opinio n, u f tlw J>n,.itiun- or lad .. nf po:-it iono f the •• lenwnl "h id1 :-till t·ontru] .. tlu• !'a rt y rna ·
Call for a Na tional Conference of
tho! Left Wing
c h i ncr ~··
Cardul rPa d i n ~ ,f th i"' dw·umenl i m p rcs~~,. o ne
immcolinlt•ly with the 111!1\'Ct of the Left Wing np:ilatiou iu the l'n rtv. and il ~ profmmd rnol'l irr !he
rt' \"u luliuuary fct·lin g uf the ra nk a nd fi le. ;\l o rri~
lli l/r1u it j .; a rl .-·~·c r po lit ic in n ; he knows how to
guugc the t('llljJN of The Pn rty mern!Jer:ohip, ns he
has de mo n,.tr;th.'d a t ~1. Lo uis nml e lsewhe re. H is
l c~n l 1raininl! ;11td hi:; 1:xpcrience in P nrt y a ffairs
fll h im better thnu _;myo ne e lse to le.-.d the Ce nlre ,
iutu 1\'/w~c harul:o: !he Hic;hl \1/ing is h' illing to delin•r ii!S powe r. now !lwt it is una ble to m nintu in
iTse lf hc fure The wrnlh o f the r nnk nnd rile.
\'\'chad ex pet:ted so mctlling hcller fro m Commdc
llillquil. The document runs away from nil irnpo rtnnt questions ; it endeavors to c renle the imprcs~ion of d issutis factio n with the behavio r or the
Pa n, , "'hdc- 11 l·ardulh 11\oit.l.; uny 11pec-if1C' !~lalt'·
nll'nt.• . 11 ff.rmul :ue-- !Ill dcf1nr l~ po~i li c•n; il oenf.Ort- :0:.,..-iaiH v.sr/rnmt-ntari!om in one phta!'IC' and
cl~f ,.,uJ ~ il in th ~· nr-1.1. forcdt i n~ tv call atlention
to tht oniou ~ uf nUr Cou._-r~~IOn J I rrl'reooentat iu:
110(1 l,.... ~cr p.nlinmcnl a r ian .. ; 11 m .:!.l~ t•rovi ~illn for
a c h:•llj!t' of front at!'i pre!-~ure i.-. applied. • lrul~·
o pp••rtunHit· pu~ition. \~o ,_· a!' evrr , Hillquit iii atte mpting to Carry water o n both shou ld,ers ; he
flirt s with the rcvo lutionnr):. sentiment tha t is no w
do mina nt in the movement; he coquettes with Pro·
leta ria n Dictato rship in RuBsin und Hungu ry , while
spurning it neare r home; he imp lie:; a mild reproof
to the maj o rit y Socialists of "Cermnn)' i he mentio n~
tl1e St. Lo uis plntfo rm and immediate ly sheers
nw:ty ,~fea rful of this test if np j}lied to the " .lende rs"
of 1he Pn rty.
Vnlike ma ny o f o ur loco! "Socia list" ii)lOkcsmen,
Comrade Hillq uit ndmits thnt the Second lntcrnntio nnl broke d own be fo re the supreme test of the
wa r. Ilut it wns no t the Socialist movements that
we re at fa ult , " It was the econo mic o rganization of
the European h'Orkc rs, a nd the pressure o r their
immedintc econo mic inte rests (ns understood by
thc m J that hrokc the so lidarity of the Socialist In·
tc rnntinunl"', S:I)"S C6mrnd e HillqUit. " It wns not
pnr linmcnt orism whic h was prima rily res jionsible
fo r the misch ief. " He goes o n to spenk of " e xccss i,·e p:1rliamc ntnris m.'' hut ''on the .who le the Soc ia lists in Pnrlia mcnt expressed the sentiments of
their co nstituents p retty fnithrull y."
Thi!" in other words is Me~·er Lo ndon's justirica·
tio n Tor his nets in Cong res.... " I was not cl cct~d ~y
n purel y Soc ia list \'Oic.antl l· must o hc)' the wishes
o f m y cnn~tituents ,".ta id Lo ndon in effrct ·"·hen he
wns questio ned.
i\ccordint; to the Communist
l\lnnifcsto the Socia lists " nrc, on thc "onc ha ucJ , prnc·
ticn ll y. the nHJ:-1 udnmccd a nrl resolute sectio n of
the working class pnrlics of C\'cr y cnuht ry, thnl s~·
l ion h hich pushes ro rh·ard nil o the r!' ; 0 11 the other
h a nd . theorctica ll r. the)' have over the g rcnt m:1 ~s of
the prolctnrint the nd,'nntnge of clear! )· unde rslnnding the line o f m~rclr. the conditions, and the uhi·
mate gc11Cra l rcsul\ ,. o f the pro lclnria n movement."
But nuw 11·c lcu rn that the economic organizulio ns.
wh ich n rc o r g;mized pri mnril )' lo sa fegua rd the
wugc :-tnt us nf the worke r". are rP.o; ponsil,lc fo r the
brenl.:d01m of the re1·o lution·;rry mo1·e mcnt.
li Com n rde ll illqu it's line of n rg umeul is c o r r et:!. ho,,· due.-; it explain the continuous fl irl at ion
wh il'h the SIJi' i n li~ t l'nrt y. nf wh it.:h he i" 1111 cxccu·
ti\'C offacer, carried o n wit h the 1\ . F. of 1.. until
Gompc rs made it im pnssiblc? The econo mic o r ganization" in Europe hroke d own in J'JJ I~. Our·
ing the 1\\"0 yenrs. fo llo wing the _1\ . F. of L. fl irtn·
lion cont inued . nnd the Sociulist Part y matle no nt·
te mpt tu voiut- o ut the uece:,sity fo r ··o ne working·
clas s union.''
Comrade Hillquit suys, "The fir~ t ta sk of the post·
wor Socialist Interna tional must, the refo re, be to
o rganize a nd reorgnnize a ll grades nnd strat a of
labr;ar on.bro(ld.claw.l..mr& not on_h natio nAlly, but
Call lor
J\'utiunul Cor!/err'!Ct of tht: /.r ft Wing
.Surittlii t l'urty, iuur1/ by /.nco/
r:. f'ru! ntt, -'i<'C'f•' fltf)' }; l.tKnl C/ct!f'·
l11ml, (f.. t.'. Uutlu'tlbrrg, .)carlfu y) ; und tlu: /.eft
lrin;; Si'rtion of t hr: Sucit~/iJI /'arty of Nrw )'ork
t..it_1·, ( ,lf1nimilitm Cohr11, Srrr~'tnryl.
Th,. intcrnnliom!.l 11it ualion nnd the crit is in the
Am~·rican Sucinlisl l'nrl}' : !he tu botn~;c the pan)'
hurum·nrq- hu tlfn('ti&etl on .fhe emr:rJtCIIC)' ntnionBI
run\·enl iun : 1he N. E. C. nligninR our pan)' 'k"ith the
~oc inl· l'lU riots nl Ucrnc. with 1he Cunl!run of the
C real llclf:l )":il ; lhe nccl'..Uily or n:cunstrucl ing our
Jm lk")· in uccun l wilh re\·otutiormry C\"Cnl!l,- all :his.
a mi mure, mtrkt.'il it necc.!l-!ru-y !lull the re,·ohnionllr)'
forces in ahe Socinlist l•nn y get t og~t ht r for coun§el
nnd OCI IOII.
1 Tim uJI i• thcnfurr ~ u,.d , fo~ thr- hotdontJ r•f :r
f'\at u•nel Lon lrn~nce- of 1Lr Ldt_)lan, of fhr AnM:t.
e~on ~••h• l Pan ~ , to d1..cuay'
J.- Tht rru1t in tbr:
nd ac-t•on : Lr:rt"Oo; the
&;~~=~-~~ thr p.ny (.,, tl1 ~.r1~·. f•Jr rf'\"Oiutiua.ary
11
tlu~ A mrrinm
llwhm, ( /.ouu
n/
...
,-...n5·
2.- Th.- ~- -lnt,.thaJiun.l : -.· \ f and mun, II>
prtvrnl lht !'arty a11JIIII'l~ uwlf~tb tbr " Jnrrma·
u noatM of lilt' .._<tal·rllnuta. uf 1 W' EJ,n,.Schtidr·
mar:n tJt llft•l~rll. a nd lhr: wa~rrintJ rutrc- : dl1tt ion
, uh thr lW!t"l't'ik-S J••naun l.u muoU.1 l oiCT1UI•
:;::r,;.! -.! ..:...
3-Tht> furmularion of a d"'Ciaralroo of principleand JIUI"Joo.N of 1 n~otiuu~l ll"OJ>C" of t iM- Lcll V. >ntJ
of tile 1\merican Socinlist P11rtf.
·
4. -Forming some lOri of a nulionol council or
lmr~a u of !he l.ef1 Wing for propaganda, securin~e
of mfurmnlw n a nd t pretuling information.
5.-·~o exur~u a nd drnw together the revolutionary
fore~ n the part)"; lo consider other mtan~ of furthermg he c.ouse of re\'olulionury Sodnlitm.
This call is iuued lo locals of the Socinlist Part y,
hran('h ~ nntl Left \Vinij groUJll .within 1he Jlllrly.
The 1e11 of aflmis!ion, prol'ieionnll}·; "will he acccpl·
anl!c of the Mnnife11o of the Left Win.: of 1hc Socinlill Pnrt)' of Greater l"iew York
l..dt Win~ !ocala nrc i1u·ited to ~ nd del~gll l t!! of-
~~::~l)bra~!::~:eo~ ~ili~~ri~~c~~!1,;p:c[11: 8~]~e 1 ~m~3yni;~:1
cepling the jlrineiplcs of the Left Win~ should send
tlel~~n l eJ.
Jli prl'8ei111Uion- one dtiCJ,:IIt~ for ei"Cr)' 500 mem·
hers No ]O(:nl or group 11hould 11~nd more than four
deiCJtlllt'S. l.ocnls or mi nuril)' ~:roup! witl1 lcM thnn
500 members nre entitled 10 one tldcll;nte.
The conference will be heltl !ilartin::: Snfut!lay.
J u11e 2!. in New York Cit)"· f:nrh tlrl c~:nlc will btl
lnxed $25 for 11 CC!II rnl fund. nut nf wh irh will he
paid the C'JlCilH'I nf nil 1f1•I••JWI!"<I
l.rft Wins !.ocaiJ am/ /Jr unr/u:s, nrt! Srml com·
m uniratious t n Mtuimililtn Cohr"ll, <1.1 lfi.-Jt 2 11ih St.,
N~w Y ork Cit )"·
of the colla pse uf the Sccoml Int ernat ional were,
" the ec o no mic oqpnizatHm of the European work·
crs. and the pressure of the ir immediate economic
int erests ( ns understood b)' them I ".
What g u:mmlee is the re in the who le vague pro·
gram ' o utlined iu Commde llillqu it's leltc r·-
1 1 ..
nrc going to forget their " immed iate economic in·
~~~~:~~~~c1c~1Ss it~stl;: ~!cl:i ~~e ~l:tin/,:~· !km~:f~:~~~;~~-;;
tcrcst ~''?
Thnt there is n fundnme ntnl ,Jifference of princ:i·
pic between the Left Wing n nd the aumina nt " mod.
craie Socinl is m" which contro l!! lhe Part y. is Ho·
where more clearly indicated thnn h)' Comrtu.lc
llillquit's phrase, " In countries which hn\'C ()l!SSCtl.
or nrc pao:fo;ing, to a regirnC of Communis! o r Socirtli.~t J!OVernmcnt
. ... This is n rt'Cognilion of a
di ..tinction between the two; this i:; nn irn)Jiied diffe renTiatio n between th'o fo rms of the Cooperative
Conuno nh'Calth, \\'hic h we d o1nnt mlmit.
W hat is the nalurc o f thi~ distinct io n ? The fo l·
lo wing rJUotntion indicates Comrade Hillqult's con.
ceptio n o f it:
" S ha ll the socia lization of industries ana na tiona l life be attc mJJtcd by_one master stroke. or shall
it be carried out gmdua ll r nnd s lowlr? Shull lhe
wo rking class immediate ly assume the sole direc·
tion of the l(overm:nent as a working-ClAM ll;OvertJ·
men! , nr _~llllll it 5hurc guvcrnmcnt nl po ~'cr a nd re·
SJmn .. iLilitil!." wilh the •·a piln li~t da~". nt l~t~t. 'cluriug !he p('riod of trnno;itio n' '\ '!
·
~o fu r ns we kllOI\', nn Socia list lender :nl\'ocntes
"the scw ializution 11f iruluSirie!l u nd nntiounl lifchy u rnn ~tcr ::trokc". Le nin hns 1' /lrcfull\' puinte1l
u ul tlwt this socinlizn tion, mvthf• f'nnlr~f\'. rnu~t
he cu rri('d o ul "~rntlun U y". Bul t lri<~ i:o h~ idc the ·
poiut. The qucl'l lion ill i-.suc io: r10 1 !IOC'ia lizntinn of
indtHry. but the cltus under wlw~c rule thi!' socin li1.1Jtio'n si!AII he 1:nrricd o ut. lu I his rc~pcct the .
fin-d quc:_..tion i.<o pr•rtincnt : "Shall the work ing clu~s
immed iate ly n.~!' tlflle the so le tli ret:tio u of· the gO\'·
c rt•mcnt ns n wo rking-cln~s go,·e rnmcnl. Qr shed! it
11ha re gon rnmcutnl powe r n rn.l .rc~p on.;; ihilities with
the cn pitulist c iU!-<J;, nt l en ~t. ' 'during the period of
the tr:ms ition'"!
·
T o this questiou there is bu1 one answer fo r} a
scientific Socia list. In the wurds of Marx {Gotha
Progra m ) ' 1Th is corresponds .o a political" t~n!li ·
tio n-period , duri'ng wl1ich the go\·ernment cannot
!:ri~~·.r,th ing e l c but the tlictnto rship of t~e prole·
It is tru«\ that ComracJC Hillquit decla res that
tlte uc inlist Jntcrnntionnl must su pport the dicta·
to rship o f the pro lctnrint in nil countries in which
the wo rking class seizes tl1c J}OWc r ; hut he still further eml'h"-'iLOt h;.s duubl or thit. courllt ot .:bOG.
aud imf•lie; a ..crioul6 criliciiW'n of Doh~ aad
Spar1 icitk taetica, when be ..y. :
·
.. \\ hrther • ·e a ppro'-e or di.Nrrron c•f •II the
meth~ by • ·hich t.uch prolctarlan !OYt::rllJnCDI U.
,r•ined o r i.e nercitias ill power i.l be.ide the q-.
tion.''
~ Soci•liau of the world mu-t nol Ntpport iDt~n:r.!!::!l in P.u-;., ur aCtiveiy oppo•~ ""that P·
emmemt·· llhe Soviet Cov~mment I .. in the face ol ·
itll IH~-and-dea~ ttrugtde with iitlcmalionaJ cepi·
lnlism nnd imperin lisn~!· The. same with Hungnr)'·
But he does noll say lhnt we must support tltc So·
11it:t Covcmmcni!J of Russic1 attd 1/un~tary-wh idi is
our Left Wing po's ition.
~
lu countries like Gcrmnn , howc\'Cr, " in which
the struggle for mastery lies between two di,•isions
of the Socia list mo \•c ment , ne cluss-con!lcio us nnd
the o ther o ppo rtunist, one rndicnl ond th:: nil; ~,;.
te mporizing." we must support the clnss·consc ious,
r nd ica l move ment. tlut in Americn. wl~erc the sumc
struggle o\'cr principles nnd tnct ics is gOing on in
the n mks of the Socia list mo\·cmcnt , we must suppo rt the opportunists nnd the temporizers !
·
Comrnde Hillqu it admi ts the nt.'tcs~ty fo r the
Third l nternatiomal. but he is loy n(l m tms t;pccific
as to the ren!luns. l·lc admits tha t tlw (!('nncl In·
lc rn utifJ n:rl is broken. hut lire in fen:m·c i:; thut he
would put logelhc r the piccrs nml g ive it a ne \1;
nmnc. lie rc pudi:u ~ Ue rnc, hnlf-heu ctcdl y. a nd he
nlso tt·pudintcs ~~n~o i\', ns not h:n •ing :nlvn nc'ed ·
''the pron.!."~ of rcorJ!:nnizativn t)( the SocialiH
mo,•emcnt of the world.'' lie continu~. "The tnsk
uf or~u n i zing the Third lntc r nutio nnl i:o still be fore
us. It 1ntt ~l he ;,(',·ompli!.'hcd o n the ha~ is of princ iple.; IIIUI rondw; t, not o n thnt o r pcrsomd li ~cs
and dis likes. It j .. the commo n tnsk of nil intcrn:t·
tiona ! Socin li!'ls." If this iii Cmnr:rdc l·lillquit's
position. why di1l he not n ppnsc the Nntio na l Ex-'
t:cutive Committee's ncccpta ncc of Be rne ? Wh)'
di1i he wnit until Berne hnd d iscredited itsel f C\'CII
iu the -eyes of Li~crn li! , until it h~•? ~ hn wn itself
.1s nn offsl•ool of the conference Inking plnce in
Pnris?
lie c;~ rdully refruius fro m st~1ting whnl he COil·
sidcrs sho u !d he " the basis of pri"nc iple5 and con·
duct" for the 11tiral lntcrn:~ti o n a l. Yet it i!O just
this tlwt is dh·iding the Soc inlisl rnm'cmcnt the
wo rld O\"Cr . Doc,; Comr:a le ll illrp1it think 1he nc·
ceplulwc o f the Dictato z;.s hi1} of th • Pro le111ririt
Bho uld !Jc v ue of tltc rcfJu io:ite:; fo r ndmissio n to the
Third lnte rnntinnal. nml if so. wi ll it' IJc sullicient
to ne(·e pl it nbroctl :_:nd :tcccpt 1he p rinc iple o f
":r;;h uri1 1~ f;O \'Crnmentn J fHI\\"Cr lind refptJIISibilitiC.'I
\1 itlr tl•e cnpita li101 clnss. 'd urina the pc rind M
trnnsition" ·• :11 humc?
\\hen Comr:ulc l·~ilh1uit uses the, tc rrn \'intc rnn·
tinnul" to qualif)' "Soeinli!l-t'!,'' tloos he mclll\ it as
:t sruo n\'111 (o r ''He\'o lutiorw r )'"? Would he cxc l4de
Sclte icleina nn nnd Ebert from the Third lnte rnR·
tiona! ? lf 'so, would not hb then exc,l ude all o th.er
"Socinlisu" wbol'ic acts during the War were dtc·
toted ,by the snmc opportunism tis actuated th~
(CoMitaed on IJGie 1).
.
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�The New York Communlit
2
&"hor New York
COMMUNIST
Official Organ of the Left Wing Section,
Socialist Party
Owned a nd· Controlled by Lcx:al
Greater New York
Editor
.JouN fh: w ·
Anociate Editor
EADMONN :\IACi\i. I' IXE
MA.XnfiUAl'\ Co n E:\'"
Busine.u Manager
•
Editorial Board
N. I. JlovnwJCII
B. D. \VotFE
M. Zuoa:n
J.
WIL£XKI N
Published Every Week.
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Single Copies, 5 Cents
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-
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30
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to outline the Bight Wing position- n pos it ion
wh ich more a mi more clcnrly defines n group in
substant ia l ngrcemc nt with the " p:rrlinruentnr y' ' So·
cinlist groups which dominated the Berne Confer ·
c m·e.
\Ve. we lcome this cmcrgcnrc of a d enr -cut ''snu·
snge Socia lism" in our midst. It s impli ftes our
tnsk.
·
0
"Illegal"
!\'E nf tlu.• Right \l;1 in~':o most impre_;;si\'e nrgu·
rncnts ap:ai ust the Left Wing i~ tha t the ndoption
o f our ~ l :r n ife~ tu :rnd Progra m wii!Jitakc the Amc r·
icn n Socin li::-1 Party nn "illcp:al" org-an ization. In
the l :r~lnumbcr of Tht• Sociu/i_~l . for es:unplc. the re
is nn article hy C l acs:~cm=. pointing out tlmt in Buf.
fnlo. whe re the Part y l.nca l ha!O joiner! the l..cfl
\Vin~. the Ma nifc:.to nnd Progra m nrc being used
in the courtJO to outl a w P a rt \' mc mhc rJO..
Is it pos:-.ib le tha t tile Hi~itt Wirig ic: tl\,king this
o pportt~nity to display its rt•td ,(t:l/timt:llls concern·
ing the St. Lo uis Hcsolution - h'h iclr. it \\•ill be reme mbered. nlso nuulc the P11 rty '' illeg-a l"? Is it posl'iblc thnt the Bight Wing. in the face of such gr ave
C\'CiliS n.s the imp risonment o f "Ge ne" Debs. pro·
po!1-es that the Soc in l i ~t P a rt y re pudiate his position,
bccm.rse it makcii the l':trlt " ille~a l"-n s. in \'ic w
of the S upreme Court lfecisiou. it undoubtctll r
~-?
.
\Ve til} not wi;;h to put in the mouth<:. of these people word ;; whic·h the \· clo not ~a \· . But in the encl.
to what do~ th is )U;ni1· eq• of ·.. illcgalit)' .. reclucc
Beginnings of a Right Wing
itse lf ?
Fo.rmulation of Principles
Is the Soc i <~ l i:- 1 Pnrty me rel y a \'Ole-gell ing nm·
UH chid quarrel with thC' Hing Wini;cr$. has chin ~. competing h'ith the Hepublica ns ami the
Dcmocrnts
for l'Ontro l of the po litic::d Stntc? Or is
been th:1l they hrn c refused to sltrtc !he ir posi·
lion. For ycn r~ the r\mcricnn Soc iali~t Pnrtr has it n rno,·c mc nt o f the working class to o ,·c rthrow
the
cn
Jlit
nli,s;t
s ,·~t em ?
been 11 formless moYcmcnl. r;mninn from S rndi·
Do tlte Hight \Vingcr!' re pudinte Mnrx's clefm ition.
cn li~ts to Si ng le T axcn:. a nd cxPr~~iug itseif by
progmms which we re cle:. i ~ ncd to express the ''com· thnt the modern ca pit;~ lis t Stnte is ''nothing less
mon deno m in~ t or" of the me mbers hip, in such a than a machine for lhe oppression of one da.u by
war as to offe nd nobody. ·a ud a tt mrt C\'Crybod)·-, another. aml llw t 110 1 lc.u .m ;, (I d em ocratic rcpu b·
rr.om sma ll property owners to migrnto ry workers. lie 1/um t11ulcr (1 mm •arcln-"?
. Alone of nil Soc inlis.t m o\·~ rnent :; of the \\'Orid ,
H the St; te is me re ly .the politicn l CXf' rcssion of
this movement of ours hns been able successfull v to the cnp itali~t sy!'te rn, a nd the Socin list Pnrty pro·
c rush nil nllempts 111 clcli nite formula tion o f p'rin· llOSC.S to destroy c npi tnlism. how cnn .S ocin lism he
c iples nnd tnctics, nnd the c rent ion of clcnrlv·ouh ' 11egn l"- except inso fnr ns its working-class
l ined cur rents o f Pa rt y o pinion.
·
strength, backed up by nction on the industria l
Whe n ca lled upon to defin e the ir position toward fidd forces recogn ition of its politicn l rcpresentn·
new theories of' work ing clus.s (lrganization a nd ac· th•e.:.?
lion. otJr " leaders'' have re ma ir.ed s ilent. surround.
TI-c So~ i a list P nrty is "lega l" onl y so long ns it
ing thernse h·e.<O "'ith an i!1ky ' 1por throu&h ,,h:dt s u it·1 !foe cap:t:: ~i ;t S l.ut..: to p . ·-.;it its lcgulil) . At
the y SI\'C \'Cnt to ornc ul.•r genera lities c alc ulnted to the 1>resenl time the American c npitnlists h,tve de·
decch•c the rnnk a nd file. ·Ir the me mbership dis· !e rmined to outlaw n il ~tltncks upon the St<~le. The
pla ys sympathy with these new ide:ts, our •·:enders'' cnrrying of the red fl ag is "illega l" in this S ta te;
hasten to profcss on eagerness for the same iclens. Victor Berger's pa rty is "illegal" in Wisconsin ; the
being careful. howc,·e r . to re move the vital or gans New York Ct~ll is " illcp:al'' in the e yes of the Post
o f the a nirn;~l: or if. the)' cn!mot do that ,und mu~t Oflicc. se" cr a l times cnch week ; nnd on May Day
take .nn uncompromising position such a!\ was laid pcncen ble prot e~t meetings were prnct ica ll y out·
down in the S1. Lo u i~ Besolut ion. cnrefu ll y rcfrnin· lnwed by the nuthorities. who de li be rately pe rmit·
Jng from acting on il.
ted gnngs of thugs to break them up- a n act whic h
Publicl y they procla im their sympathy with the was upheld by the Secretn ry of the Treasury in
Hussinn Bolsheviki mul the Ce§..tnan S pnrtncnns, at Wnshington. in a n offic ia l communicatio n.
The ne w session of Cong ress wi II pnss n la w de·
the so me time flirtin g with thci'Bc rnc Confe re nce,
and stre nuouJOI)' o pp o~ in g the Left Wing mo,·e rncnt daring " illegal" a ll proJ'ngancln or nctions "inc iting
to the o,·e rthrow o f the Go\'Crnme nt.'' As we
in our own Pa rt y. whose JJlm is identica l with thDt
understa nd the te rms of this la w, it ca n be inter·
of the Eu ropea n Comnnm~ts.
preted
to indudc nny nne!' a ll a ttempts to point out
Publicly the )' join in the denunc int ion of "socia l
reformism.'' and e ndorse the alwlition o f immediate the e:;sent iu l clnss c ha r ncter .of the CaJ>ital ist State
nn
institut
ion wh ich' according to Mnrx l!imself,
de ma nds in Pa rty plntform:-: but at the same time
they tJariic itlale in a Non·PnriJOan Lengue, he lp to cannot be used by a pro lc tnrinn majority to intra·
ducc
Socialism.
organize n Ln!Jor Pnry, nnd join in the cull for n
Are we 16 have n Soc ia list Pnrty which frnnkl y
na tional Amnc::ty Corwc ntion in which bo urgeois
aha ra lom , or JWSipones, its re\'olut ionnry objec·
liber a l group~ wi ll he represented.
The Hight Wing hns refu!'ed to sta te its pos it ion. th· - nn o pportunistic mo,•e ment. nnxious nbo\'e nil
Tiris hns forced the Left \\'ing to state it . 1H the to onform to the " legn lity" which n capital ist go\'·
same time stnting our 0 \\ ' 1\ in no uncerta in terms. ern 1Cnl o rd n in~? O r sh nll we In\' down n :-ct of
The Pnrt y ·membe rship, cchicuted lw the War nml rc\'olut ionar y princ iples which m'ust not be lost
the Rc \'o lution in l::urupe. rmr 110 lOnger be put orr s ight CJf. nnd to whic h a ll our actions must conform.
by " rcorganizntions" a nd the primitive thugger y no mutter ho w se riously our tnctics must be mod iftcd
which Ul' to now has hecn the Hight \Ving'JO on ly by c irc umstmtce~?
I n be ing " lcgnl''. we mu!'t re membe r that the So·
nnswcr to ou/ cha llenge. The Hight Wing is he·
ginning to find it nt.'Ce~~<~ r y to formu late its own c ia list mo,·emcnt "·ill be entirely nt the mrrcy o f
princ iples, nnd this it is noh' do inp;. intersper.sed the cnJ>itnlist go\'crnment; in holding fast to Sociolwith pett y .pt•rsonnl allncks upon Left \Vingcrs . in ist priuc ipl e.~t, we pin our f;~it h to the g rowing class·
Tl1c SocialiM.
conS<: iou:-ne:-s of the h'o rk ing clnss, which, will
In the second numhe r of 1'/u: SocialiM. for e\:nm· crentc its o wn " legnlity"', nnd e nforce it by its o wn
p ie. there is nn article c ndor.oing the Conununi ~t pro lctari:m power.
1nternntionnl. summoned in meet in Mo!<ow. hutnfter nil, pcrhnp.!> the Second lntcrnntionnl i.o not
so bnd ns it is pninte(l. Afte r al l. we dn not know
Democracy
unything nhout it. cx•·e1H from reports in the en pi·
E nrc pleased to lirul thut at lust The Sociali.sl
ta list pres!"! In the smnc nnmher Louis Wnldnum
has
risen
to
the dignity of nn Cflitnrinl pnge.
outlines his 1:once pt ion of muni1·ipnl. ~t nt e a nd na·
\l;' hile we recognize th at we must g ive Th e Socittltionnl owner~hi1• of industry. unclcr dc mocrntic
co ntrol. n~ Socinli!'m ! In 1'h1• Socinli.t l of Mh)•' ist time. we did exp•>ct ~o mcth inS hc11e r tha n the
whines- a bout ' 'Discrimination"' :nul " H t~trctl; " we
l ~th we fincl 11 d cfc u~c uf "dem£V·racy," which i!'
n.nswercll .on this page; n l ~o 1111 Cili'lorinl upo n "f.o. ~uu ght to find it in the officiul pronouncement on
opcruti\'l.'::.'' in wl1il'lr twc ur:o~ the fo llo wing !'ell · " De rnocrncy."
tcnl'e :
•· De mocr acy.'' l!li )'S Th r Socialisr. ''the rule o f
H\'\1ith prnlctari:m urganizntior; nrul pro leta rian the majority. with full anti free o pJlOrtunity for the
cnntro l. the cnuperat ke is t1 fnr more c fTccti,·e mirmrit y to cxpre .; i1.!1 up inions und to ngitate for
weapon fnr ac•·nmpJi ..hiu;..: the r('volutiou tha n i:-; i t~ emk still n!mnins the be:-t method of conduc t·
n r('lia lll'(' upnn a \'il).! LU' :nul ill .ilrfined mas_;;.nl'! ·
ing liumnn nfTa irs."
ivn."
•
Thi ~ bke nil the ••the r cnnt nbo ut democrncy.
In alrun;;l t.'H~r y par:•;..:nlph "f Tlw SocialiJl a rc sound~ \' e ll on J•npcr . Lut ns our friendS- usc the
s imilnr :-tuh'rue llt ::, the c nmulu i\e dft."Ct of which is p lm1:-e " still rc mnin!!.'' they nrc il Jlpnrently o f the
O
W
o pinion tlwt this. "method of comlucliug humau nf·
fairs'' is , or has been in o pt:rntion ~o m c wh erc. \Ve
would be g lncl to fi nd where th is ely:oium i!' or hns
hL"CH. In rcfereucc to ua tiunnl gO\·c rmnents no
stwh itle.1 listic Jl l:tn hns C \ 'C n ht.'CH tried. nttwh less
hecornc the recognized methnd uf :ulmir~ i :- tratio u.
In po liti1·nl pa rties nnd Stwit·lic:-; ll'iwrc there i:: no
re.;; JlOll!' ibi lit ~· fo r nct ua l gun :rnmc nt ul n1 lmini:-trn·
lion. thi ~ methntl. ~o far n:o we arc 11 \\'llrC. h:t:; ne ve r
been prnt:t isetl.
But let uc: put thr theoq t!t the tec:t of prm IJ<:c
(;; clcmc)l'r,n \ the methml o f prm cdu re I\ 1thm the So.
c r.1lr ..t Pnrt y ~ 1.. 11 the " '" '" " lmh tlm-.c lnr
\\'hom 'f'lw Stwiali.ft :-penk:;. eoud uct tlw n lfa ir~ o f
Lm·:tr ;\lew Yurk '! 1:- it iu the IIIIIIH.' tof the ··full
n n~l ~ree u ppurtunit y fur the minorit y to c\pn·:-~ its
op mr on~ a nd tu a,.:it ate fOr it ~ t·nd .. " tha t the Ex·
ccuti,·eCommillt'C has onlcred tiiC " rt•url-{n niza til •u"
n f the Bra nches whic h dn not bo11· to ib wi ll'! Was.
it ulHie r th~ innuer!rc u.f s~a·h hiph :-ound ing id('a ls
th at ~he cd1tor ~f 1 h,~ .....orwliM fa then ·d the hcrc:-y·
huntmg re~;o/ut tnn at the Stat(' Committee '!
T~tr StJ~i(lli:f(s be lief in dcnwt·r•n·y. like Th e
Cal~ .~ . /•ch ef .~~~ the freedom of cxpre~sin 11 , is ~o
muc h hypocntu·1d l'nlll. Uoth the.c:c puh licat ion!'
are a frnicl nf their own renl be liefs, they a re afraitl
o p~ nl y lo embrace the t:tctics they nrc logica ll y
<~rn·en It> e mp lo,·.. l ..ct u~, ho under no rnic:conccp·
liOn a l,out th c~c tlung;;. l tn: Co,\t~IIJ!"\ IST is not in
lo\'e willr dit· t ato r~hip or with nny form o f t ~· r:utn y,
nny more tl1a n tl1e workers nnd pcnsants nf Hussia
a re in lo\'C willt the !=-uppres!'iou o f counte r ·rc,·o lu.
linn, hut we recognize thnt de moc rncy ami freedom
a rc me re slw_ms uruler the existing form u f !'nciCt)',
? rul thnt durmg tl.re trnns ition period from Cnpita l·
rsm to the c~t a hlr~ h mcnt of the Coopcrnth·e Com1110111\'Cn lth. a ll oppu1=-it ion to the will o f the ch ss·
~on sc iou s workers mu!;l be stmupcd out or rcrHiered
11\llCICIJOUS.
We. sec from ncua l experience thai political de·
mocraq ' will not a nd cnn i10t work. Wt: rl."Cngn ize
~hat under the co\'er of the~c loft y phrases Ca pitnl·
tsm estnhlisbes the dictato rsh ip o f the bourgeois ie.
We hole! thnt the ha lf-trulhs of this idea listic Inn·
g uage nrc so mall )' Imps nnd pitfnlls for the work.
ing clnss. nnd we ruthlcs ly striJ> these phrases
from our o wn movement. In society todny the
cl ass ~trugg l e is rng ing, in some pnrts o f the ea rth
it hns hurst into open flame nnd the contest of ideas
is bei ng fought through the mouths of mach ine
g uns. through the power of I he bayonet, through the
r n\'ngcs and the bloody hnrrors of war, in othe rp a rts i, is r.'i.Ulji;:trntioely <t u i ~c·ri , ttppcnring in tho
form oT strikes. lockouts , unemp loyment demonstrations. . . · . To this struggle thCre can be on ly
one c ud- the \·ictOr )' of the workers n'hd the estnblisl.unenl o f ? ocia lis m. WJrcn Socialist society is
firm ly estahltshed , wh~t the optlosition is once nnd
for a ll defeated , then we can expe riment with ideal
de mocracy nnd the henut ifu l conceptions o f society
tha t mnny of us cherish. But unt il then we must
struggle unhampered by a ny illusions ns to wha t
is the real nature o f present day society, or a ny
nttcmpt to put into practice the p leasant theories
e \•olvcd in the <JUitc studies o f bourgeois idea lists.
. It is the dut)' of Soc ia lists to point out to their
worker brothers nne! s isters the brutal r ealities o f
cn p~tn lis.t so.c.icty, and _the necessity o f the struggle
ngamst rt.. I he beaut1cs of J effersonia n democr acy
lun•c not lung whate ver to do '..'' ith the affairs of toda )'· Governments nrc not wilfu ll v less idenlistic
todny th~·~ 140 years ago. T irey n~e fnt ing differ·
c nt condrtrons a nd they ne t in nccordnnce with the
conditions tha t confront th.crn. 11tc idea ls o f
America•~ tlemocrm;:y we re e \•oh·ed upon the prostm tc bocltcs of the negr o race.
In the present c risis in the /vmericnn Soc1a list '
P arty let U!!' :1lso face the facts. We of the Left
Wing nrc dissntis fi ed with the udministrntion of the
~arty_. locn l. sta te nnd nationa l. We hnve protested
Ill \'a rn a nd we nrc now determined upon n show"(lown . We a rc out to capture the Pa rty, to weld it
to suit our purpose-the hi~t oric p J q iosc of So~in li~rn-:nncl to ..rid it. o f the d isense thnt has crept
rnt o •ts \' tin Is. For tlu s purpose we ha\'c sla te<l our
po!l it.i o~ a~ to whnt nrc the duties and purposes of
the Socw lt!!'t Pnrt r. mul on this pos ition \\;C nrc np·
pen ling to our comrades thr011ghout the Party. All
O\'Cr the count ry the me n and women of the mo\'e·
mcnt nrc lining up solidly hchind thnt !)OSition.
Democrnc )' is not the essentia l (jUCStiOn nt stoke.
We nrc not IIPI'ca ling to !he mernhershi1• nhout the
b ck of clcmocr:rcy mnnifcst in the ndministrntion
of the Pnrt y. Tha t we cons ider a minor question
nnd in due time h'i: will indict our offic ia ldom before the ba r o f Part y opinion. The il'."liC is clear
c ut nnd no :~mo unt of ~ni:ers :rt our persona l courn ~c. intf:~ rit )' or ability. nor co\'ert hints lo the
Americun Co\'crnmcnt ns regards the desira bility
'Jf our nrrf!!ll nnd incnrcCrutio ir, wi ll dete r us from
!=lilting- that issue- whether. the i\rnericnn Socialist
Pnrt y ic: to be the party of rcvolut ionnr y ocinlis m
or whether it is to be the pa rty o f bourgeois libera limt. pl!tt r reforms nnd idca lislic phrnseology.
'Tiwt i~ the il'.c:uc on which we np1•en l 1o the me rnl,crshil• O\'Cr the hea,ls of 1hc Pa rty llU renucrncy.
~~;lito~~ i~~~ai::J.c upon which the Left ~'ing .organ- .
�the New York Communiat
The · Party
Congre~sional Platfor~
for · ,1918 .
. By Bertram D. w.;Jfe
Win~ h;,f.i:- it to lw a '< ium:tl it· tlmt ~nflf' ll)ntft• t ' \:l't ' pl' h,)' _l l'lll'flln~
:-:iu1·i:d i..111. 1\ll tlwt mu..t flti!I -Sut·mll~"t:- C\'!!r
!4:C ,,( :-itwia J i~l ofut'lrim• j,; that \dli..J1 j,.:. t 'HIII:lillt'd
in our ··s,wiaJi ..t '' platf••rm. ,,IJi,·i.•l l'l'::tuui·:o nf
~c~in t::-1 ckwtrim·. IIIII I inlt•q trc•t,llinu:- of t'llffC/It h··
T
I.IE l.d t
l'i:t fj..(., t·:mn n l
manti~.. tl~:tl the St:,lc ta ke Mer indu~>tric!. We Murx M-'C rnetl to think thnt tnxntio n under Capital·
that ,;thi:<. Jlri H.:C.-.." :-fm iJ he hun Wil:o. !Ill 1;01\I'C.~Il of the r f!\'Ofut ion :tr y proletariat.
uudn takcu :1~ :-pt.'f'tlily a:- i:( cuu~i~tcnl "'ith tmMic · But ~ incc f') IB we know ltellcr!
t•n/N 11111/ ,w ntril y .. ; tftn l the 'Suci.tf i:-1 pm·ty ..rfcOf ('QUr:-C, !111\tlcrn fi nnncC is hn5cd on credit, and
m:mol.. that tlw t'tlllltw •• ..utiun. if m1) · ~we wu•ulcr if thut ~lwulcl l.rr.ak tlown. lle.1\!.4!n help us! the
wll )' tilt' ./uul•t'! I, p:tit! Itt tltc Hri;!,ill:tl 11\\' IU' r-. iioi in ruuuwinl ~y ..tnm might colhtpse; hence ..our" pro·
1'!111 unf )' IIIIIC · i n fltl~.;:jll !-1
it f ol! tt \1 .. tli:ll II )lU ll tlw 11:11ll n '• '.'f Il l If pint· 1111 C' ,l•t' In C~t't't't ) the urir:,inil,J CU.•I uf tlu: Jlh\{''icnl p;rum llltlfot IU't.'11~ C t)IICCrll it.:clf with fC.!>IOration of
fu rm t)r 1 11 • 11 .t ~ wr ~ l• r;..:t•l) tht· 1 ~ pc• nf nu r •·un\t•rt:-:. prup•·rty: mul fi nnlly. \H ; um .:n thumugld • hillcn "our'' :-lwl..y crctdit f')'!otf'm. 1d•crcfore we elnhorate a
A n•\'ulut i•m:1r )' pl:clf4,nu hill nul ;:ll r .:d tlw lu•!•r· ,,,. IIJe pnrlia mcnt.1ry lm~ uf im·e~t i;;.1tiun cummi~ plan upon which IHectiii+Jt c·lmlmcnt, e."<c:cpt to note
gc>ni~"i•·. anti :1 p 1 ·t i t - b. 11 r~t·ui .: pl:11lnni• ,, ;11 111' \ ' ('1' :-iuu~" ,, l! i,·h puhli ..ll rt•purt... that whcu ''c rnme tn tl1:1t wc h.tH' .. tl('t'l'Cdetl in fuuliu;; 11 scheme whereby,
a tt r:T t i't1c ii,i lit.ml :-••t·tinn of tl•c¥ '·ud.i!•r d :t:"'•,
tlw Stah! " '''ICr.!>lli r• nf ,./,·t'lrit· poM'I". uur r(wnlu: un~lcr C:tpitnli:om. \o.·c cnu t:lirninntc cut ircly tho neNun· the' I!JI :: Cou;.:rc.;.. junal Pl:itfnllll uf tlu! ~!'1''-'r~ ~~~-~~~r::m of C\prnt•riut ~"' ~ulmilllllc.<~. in 11 ce...::ity nf n~o~inta in i ug u ~old r •-.cn e ! l~n't that n
Atm:r ir·an ~.... i;~ l i·t 1'::1'1 ) i~" thf' m•:lcll:lt•·•".•l•·•l ,, Mk
•lt·un tu l 11lnd• 11111-1 h.; ~uotctl 111 lu ll le:.t \\ c :-plc1ulitl t·unt rilt~~tiun Ill the ~il\'iu~ · off ".;i \•il izn·
nf it:- "tlu•orctici:111.._'' it .. " lc.ul,·r ..." ml~ l ' llll't'l't:,r hy mi~".. ~'''"c uf.thc in ·r•i.rntiuu it c.·•mtnin~: ·
lion." :tl n time •d•c11 it i~. tltrcnleu•tl hy the O\'Cr·
nu y :-:u;.;~t· .. tiun frn~11 th,· r.ml. :111~1 lilt·. \\\ rittcu
"TI1f' :-iut·ia/i.. t P:.rty tlmn:uul .. imnmliti/C npf!nint· c:•t•itnlizution of 1.1 j)it ifull y inod ~ruutc goltl -.!Uijl·
witllt1ul :• 1-0111 p 11 t 1n•l..ulnt•lcol " ''''""' n n•fcren· men! nf :1 Ft•tlcra l Pu\11'r Commi-:-iun wilh miNJUIIIC ply!
tlum. hcraltlt•tll•\ th•· C• m::rc~-.iona l t".m•litl.ih'' &hat rcpn··t'lllf•titm t,f l:ilu,l' t:-in m lll)' Gum(tCr:-- take no· · Upon llw Ntiii•Partil'an l.cnguc plntform, "hich
ran un il rur nni..c. W4!1t•t;llli';' wit h ful:-nllll' pr:ti::c tin· I In m, J.,. 1111 -·xlumsl i l't' hulllllll duu!Jt C"<hnusl· hns fmuul il)l; wny inlu LIIC 1'J IH prugrnm under tile
IJV th~ pctii-huur;.:.i•tii:• nq.:·m;:. ··The Nntiuu.'' "The in;.: I itll't'#i;.:ntinu iutn the :tubjc."'·l, IIIII/ ro n ·t:nm · he:ul ur " Agriculture.' ' I .!!hnll not tl\\'cll. CX('Cpl to
lj inl" :md tlw "8t'\\' Ucpuhli···'' (;ttht•rl'tl :nul moth· mr·w/ /,·]!islt~l iull lo (.'o,~:;rc:.t..., whi ·h will emhod)' n 'quote our re\uhllionary J cnmn.ls for " Public in·
cretl ill tlu: l'c..,pl•··.~ llnu~e undcr I he tlircfti<'n of two ~.:o mprclwu~i\'c llO\I'er tlf.!\·clnpmenl polir.v.''
sur:tuce agn in~t di sea~cs of anima b . di.!lea~es of ,
IHirC:IU!l uf '·S.-.cin list'' rcsc;m·h- :;.urdy this mu:!l
m:rottM:' IN Ti ll·: :'T!I( t:Tunt: 01: ~~OVEiiNM~:lliT.
pl:mls, inSt.'\:1 Jlc."ll.s. hni l, f1uud 1 drought, ~torm and
\\'hen 11c ~:nne tu tht! hcmlm~. "Thr ' tructu~e.of fire~·· mul to (lelny any fu i- 1~1cr annlyJOill until we
he 11 model pl:llfunn for a Sociali:>t pal't y.
Before \\ C ex:nni 110 it.s ;)7 pl;tnl..!l. Jet u.'> !VIm up Go1crmucut . \\ C l ~;;m to 111t:k ~'I' hope. . lhe come to tl1e gcnen,tl subject of sops nnd pallia·
the Ct)ni:lition~ out of· wh icl1 it p:I'CW and intu which Jtrcsent !ltructure c,f f!••.v~rmncnl 1~ tolul.ly tniH_Ie· ti\'es.
it \\ U!l lumwhrd upo n 11 11 expt:t•t:ml world. The pint· · fJIHIIe t~.u:o-.:uue the mlthi Hmn l burden ~f uulu: tnnl
There is n chatHer on "Consen ntioi1 of· Nhtural
form is ((,,·1e11 J') I H. \\'e may pre.. 11111c thnt it writ· control. I erlm p~ 11e lun·c !Jecn hni't)' m ol!r Judg· Resourc~" in whiph we "urge,"- in P.lar.~ of ••ticten in that wu r lll' thr. ycnr prc,·iou!l. lutl'rnal e\'i· men! : p_rrlwps the. program.. wnrns th~u none of mmuling"- fHr we mOde.ctly feel that' we a.re nol
dcnre provC;: tlmt it \I' :IS wrillen nftcr the Hu::5-iun thc.':-C tin up.:- can. b~ nt'c:omph:-:hed nnt1l _the ~hUe cnx11p11cr011;0 ~i1n 1•1c1 cQrr.er"'
ro'r'c'"c'i0o1r11fin"e' 0w0o...
a"'',•,, 1icn-h ighmfiernreanne~:
1
re,·olulimts hnd t>tkcn plncc. includ in~ the prole· h:t:o l~n re\'n.lut i01117.Cd nml lhc J~roletnrum (hctn·
•
.
~r\e . ':"' 1 0
. u·
tnrian re\·olution. • The pro~ ram wa:o l;uuu.:hed in for:-h11• t"Hnbll::hcfl. Let. u~ t_t'liOIITie the measures \'ice.
fherc 1s n c::IHifltCr O,!l C~1mmolo~y "'hich
the micl5 t of "n tl\'ill•• socinl nrdcr.'' IJ•· 2 1-. 1 The pr.-.po~tl f r the rc,•olutJOIII7.111S of the Stnte. The seems to ben con.1Lmu11on o~. Enr!co _Fern.,and Au·
Capituli~t ~) Stem' \\'~!,' tolteriing. lu Hu::::ia. the ~~':>tem ur clux·k:~- .mul ~nlnn~e:o lm~ d~rO)'ed ueffi- ~u~t Cln.a~n-. Wlthl the· cnpt~on,J Pns.o ns. There
proletariat had raisetl the ::;tandanJ of inlcrnnti01111l C/CIII' )'• \\'.~ COIIIJlfOIII. 1 hen, Ill .the l~lereslS of de- • IS :t stci~O;~I. 0 11 the. C~r?• "'lu~h1~ JlCCUJtnrlf enough,
rc,·olu~·11 and c:llfe1J upon the worker!l- of the woi'ld mncr:tc~·. . we sclool the most mcffiment branch of cle.month:! mdustn~l Cl111.enslu.p for the . egf$1 (we
to unite around it. The wnr conltl only cud in .n the go\ernment- Congrc5s-nnd .c.le!nnnd t!un the \'ngucly '~:onder \1111)' lhc wi\IIC .wnsn:l 1~clu~~) .
relnpsc nlu b:nburism or a. worltl rC\·olution. " He· oth~r two hrnnch~ be mncle respon:nble to 1t.
~(~)' doe~ l~11C progrum want to gwe lum :,r,ahhe~!
construction'' of the capiluli$l onlcr wus 1111 im·
Not cor!tcn_t w1th tlmt. lhe progrnm. 5~ts out t o Clllzensh•J:• :m~ e."<nct_L}: wha~ ,do our eaden
possibilit r .
·
show f;~l"'u!I:O.'.n how to perfect_.bourg~•s den:aoc:;, rnenn by , educnllom~l ~111zen~h1p ' fo.r lhe snme
·
.
r..r 1. Hrrc follu" a tr:tarthn,r H"rie- of "clemantf.. ;·
l' resscd Negro ? If 1t IS worth anytlung, we ! hou d
Arut the I'II U phtt£orm? .\\.hat f'IM" cnul~ II ~ • ,.J,olitiun of 1hr Sc!u.:~tr. demO'"ratiulion of ~<:.on· iko it too; if 110t, why 01 wish'' it on lhe down·
ltu1 K ~ummun .. ! ('I thr f"'' letan:ll h• ,fuHill 1b h~:-·
P'"'·"iouul t•rorrdurr. direr! rl«tinn of thr t"retoi· tro(ltlen hlnck mnn ?
.
Iurie 'fri j ..... it•n '! I haH· IIJfoLrd '" _u.m thruu,f'h Ill' dent 81,d \ 1 rr-Pr,.~idrnt. f"'c.. n r .. c-ulminatin,r: in · - \lf' • ·ill notlurn had. IO the noe .aioa wtaid.
2·1 t•u;:r .. uf 'j€J.point t~ 1~ for a Pm~lr nlf'nt!On <•f t"·o . ~OJ•f'r·re\·nlut itonaq mea!>ur"" that • ·ill mal.r 11Jention,. the pruleuriat. emti•ltd ..J...abor 14'·
~OC"iMil:-111. The "urd d·~ nut uc:rur (ln(' C. The Leninr looL to hi~ ltturcd!', nUntt'h·: ..
k'rrru u/ i,;lation.'' It i!o • cum pound or old Blmaarc:ki.a
t-J•int of thr t Ia,.:- •trUFfi!lt"-nl4y . tlte \'tr~· "''ord tnn~rn.,;,,rn tu IJ,·~in .u mn a.l lr.r r iN"Iicm" e.fd rormelue Inn@: a~o introduc:ed i.alo Genaany: ...:Ia
··do~!>"' ~tru~:~;lt" i~ mi~:.. '."f! fro~ 't" y•~· Sur· "u·li·~o 1 ·rrnmrt1 t for thr IJi.Jtrid o.f C?lu.mbia...
"~ ~immtyn ••~· ~mplorJneDt :ns~..... _.
,,,~:: \ :tluf'- IIOt • "U"J•II'IOII of II. Hallt~nc _mater·
A.,. I "·ritr. uul or the J'fl';t ~·o.m~ Ill ln!l:-lrnl f'Cho the ltL~.:-~nd 1~111 brm,.. Uf.IO the RhJIIEl oleope
anln·m- tht· Jlr"P"'IIm nr\f'r heard of an~ "uch dt~· of ~bn'f thunderou.. cif'nunGaat•t•nll of the Gutha and pelhahves an sswral.
,
·• ·
r ine. Hi..torir m::~trri.JJi ..m, rlu:~.:! ,.lru~~lr.. f'U~J1.1U.~ r.l•tform : "llut lhr J•ltttform. npJ•I i~ll neithrr ,l o tl•r
. I hne u~ lhr femiliar diviaioa of nfOIWI ~
nlu~arr th"C" . ~c·t . tht" thrc.-. II~J'r'C'I:- the lrtnlt·' • •!tt:r ue,ulutionun dicUJiuh luJ" noT tn lhr fp· : ·sops" and " palliatives" because in these two
t~f' u~uou ~r "l••: ·ta 1:t t.hc>. ~vr 1_3 htt mu\:emrnt. Ill' lurr orp:eniution of communict ,.ociet~.
wonls nrc hnplir tl the nnture nnd 'purpose of two
' ""· 1~:- "'.'u:nr e, 1t~ \••·tn·:- ~
\\ h~t .riJt.e. '" Iherr. to
"Its politicn l demnnd~ contoin nothing but die distinct kinds of " reforms." "Palliati\'t:s" ure re·
Sllf.'l..:l•~m .' \\ ....t 'If- thrrr or Soculh"m m an~,h.mg old democrntic litnny known tu ull the world, 'uni· forms hnndctl dOWI\ by lite bourgeoisie organized
rl~ .'
.
,·er!lnl sufTrnge,'t' 'dirt'CI lcgi~lnlion' (for the district as the ruling class, to mnke industry moro bearable
i\lnrx SC\'Cr~l y critiCI!ICd the Cothn Pro,..ram ~f . of Columbin'! I, ' populnr righls.' 'protection or the in onlcr thnl lnbor power mny not lhercb)' be im·
18i5 hecnusc il crroneo~sly dcclnred. thnl nbor 1s people.' etc. They arc n mere echo or the middle paired. Of such 1lntur~ was the $hortcning of the
working duy to prc\'ent the rupid deterioration of
the source of nil wealth m~tend. ~f.snymg the soun:c dn!!S Populist pnrly.''
of ai.J. \•nluc. He could not cnttcrse the 1913 1•lnt·
NrM .comes 11 :'ection on ''Ch•il Liberties"-utt~r· lnhor·powcr resulting from the long working 1day
form ?II thnt !core. L~·III~C it does 1101 hint thnt Jy ridkulous if mldres::ed to the present ·re:lctionary or the enrly cRpitnlisl epoch.
bourgeois Slnle. Tlie oulstmuling fcuturc of thi!!
If n dog tlemnnds meat, and his dcmnnd becomes
, labor I!' the source of nnyllung.
bourgeois bill of rights is n "demand'' that "mob more :tml more insistenl until he lhreatens to takeSTAn : Co\PIT.\LIS~t. •
llinlcm:e be ltlppre.~sctl lllrollgla the pou:er of the it. out ~ihe cal.f or your lest. and
. y~u do nol \\'ish ~0
The Ru. sian rc,•olulion wn~ prO\•ing. the Paris .• jf.'fl cml gollt'rllmCnt. t A most dangerous demand to j;I\'C lu rncnl. you mny dap R pu~e or hrend tn
Commune hnd. prO\•ed in prncti:re, whnt Marx nnd be mnde ut,on u rencl ionnr)' go\'ernment by 11 rc\'o· gr:l\')' 111 d throw him thut-;-n "i!op."
.
Engels luul lnu~;ht .in theor) - lhnt lhe Bourgcoi! lutionarr pnrty which depends UJJOII mob \'iolcncc
A~ the wnrking cia~ becomes more and more con·
Statc' ntusr be cnr•turccl nn~<lc.,.t royecl. lhnt the Pro· f nm!t~ m·tion 1 u~ 1.1 necD!I! ttry wenpon to O\'Crthrow l'Ciou:; of its re\'olutionnr y aims, SOJJS rtrc thrywn
lelnrinn Stntc'. the Dictnto ship or the. Proletariat the pr~nt Slnte! Nc\·er fe·nr, you needn't ,)emnnd more :md more frcquentl)', to cli\'Crt the wo'rl.ers
must tnke its pl nce- nnd I mt the proletnrirm !'!(ate thnt thC ~;o,·ernmenl sui'Pr~s mob violence! h .r rorn these snmc re,·olutionury ·aims. Jr the Sooiul·
would die n natural tlc:tth.
!'urely will. unJ 1\mer icun Nnskes rall ying nrouml i~l purl )'· tho mo.!lt nch'ancetl section of lhe working
The 191R Plntform IIS!' UTIICS the eternity or the these \'Cry slognm of the 1913 plntform will lend clast:,. turns ·nsi~le :ror Lhese sops wh~t !he gq·nl is
Stote-nnv more the ctcrnit'• of the present, the 1he supprc:-.5:on.
close rll lwnd ; rf 11 goes rurther nnJ. 1u ues n plot·
bourgeois· ~tnt e. Onlhe·fir:ot iutgc unci in £,old type.
form clt:clnring .that it is fighting lor lhe.-;e sops, nnd
T.\XATION.
the l9 18 Plntform :umoun•:es wlmt it belit!,'CS to be
The next ~cctiun denls with lttxntion. It contain,+; neSh:cts to mention anything but !'O)J!I nmong its
"the grcnle!lt or nil . i ~~ues wilh which Ihe world n hcnrlremling pre:unhlc lo the efTcx:l lhnt cupitnl· dcnumds; ;r finnlly, il prclencls to lul\'e won whnt
stnnJ:s flicctl the sllltc is dom ino1i11g ind11.~1ry. JJlho i.!lm. "our' cnpitnliem, is tottering us n result or lhe cnpitnlism hns in self-<lefcnse hnncfcd down to it· • slw/1 dominate the slatt•? On Ihe answer to lhis "co lo~n l' wnr deht" nnd that (the Socinlist party it thcrcb)' di,·erts the worki)1g clnS! from its clnss. ttnd the l91H l'lntfurmlo Ihe rescue!). we nrc going conscious re\•olutionnry nims, pln)ls into the lumds
• question depends the future of 1U1111kind."
(I
Engels hns pnlientl )' c:<phtined lhnt ' 1the moclern IO :!how CIIJ)ilnlism how IO soh·e the problems of or cnpitufism·, fnlli1115 for sop and priJ1iatiVC aJiko,
State, no mnller "''hat its form. is essentinlly n cnpi· the lmblic debt nml1he ''ever mennuing problem of ceases lo tenclt Socinlism· und make Socinlisl!, nnd
tolist machine~ the i(lea l personification. of lhc totnl . t\•en th concenlrat i~n." (Which Mnrx fooHshly produces the 1910 CongrcssionUI Pln,1fornt of the .
notional cnpitnl.'' Yet thO 1918 Pfalform docs not
l~tought inc\'ilnhle under Ihe present sy!ter\):-in· Soc.:inl,i.sllNTPE~IrliNyA.TIO",\,LI.>I" IN Til E.I'LATf'ORM. '
Foec the difference between Stute-Capitnlist nud So· evitnhlc
unrl the ine\•itnhlc cause of the Re,•oluhon.)
,. . "
ciali!tt mensurc.'!. betwt.'en Wilson's Pnrcei-Post ••:ro this encl we (:1\'or'•- for we arc trending On · _ 1'1. rc•.'c ,~cm rrec
in 1 w•o m
clo. rc !hnin !l" ~oC0C1010•1 ui.dc,
.•
, ',,' ,,:·rr.,
·n
bnnk." nml Lenin'~, between go,·ermnent ownership llourgcoi~. grounll nml lhcreforc we no longer de· 1"' 1 11 1 1 1 0 0 .. 1 11 0 0 51.10 1 0 01 0 11
.
throuf!h bourgeois eli tntorship nml go,•ernmcnt mnncl- '':m excess l'rofits tux of approximately 100 wl1ich l;•sl we may perhaps expeel IO· fin<l a staleowncn:hit, tllfongh the prqlctarinn tl ictatnr:~hip. per t.-cnt (n nmnift.'!'l impoSJ~ iliilit y umlel't f. npitnl· 1111'111 nf Socialist principles.
'
11tc fir.!lt slCJt in the S'ocinl llc\'oi:Jtion is 1he ~c izure i~1n ): a l•rogrt!i;sh•c income tnx ; :1 progrt!sive. in·
The ''cry title, ''rc:..'COn~lruction," is ' nn index to
ot the politi(·al power h)' the prolctnrinl. The 1? 13 h'eriltt/ICC lllX ri:oin" lo JOOf}'a in lnrgc C.'"IIIICS; l llXII• the Jmurgcois Cfwrncler of lhe plutform's nllitude.
plutform dnci"n't mention tl•e fir::t siC!(). lmt " de· .lion of "the llllC:tr~ed irlt'rcmenl or lmul'' Hil there CIIJiil~lism ie, ()II the \'cri;c or coi/UJlSC. In ltu~·ia 'o
mn nt l:~'' tlwl the prC'"CIIl State t.•kc O\'ei the rail. , 111 e:u·uctl increment'! l; ''nlltl 11 murc mlcquutc cor- portion of the mis hty d lil'ice hn.s l't."ell 'o\'erthrnwn'.
rvml~. mim·:-. l"'"·er. untuml r~uurcc!l. l n r~c k·ulc
p~mlliun~ I ll'(.' ' I will fnrhcar In inquirr what till! TIIC• li.IOI't lrul y uch•nnced &.'C tiqn ur the· '"orking '
i1ulu:~tr ir;: nml 1hc like. ~II) :I En;.tels: "The more it
cln; ,_ in ollwr count ric.-- i~ prepnrin;.; to lenr it duwn ·
1111 thnrl'- uf tlli:' !!rc<~t rlocumtmt mettirl by ' 'more ntfc.
(the. 1 ,r~'t'l' l1( ~ l at e• pnwecd.; tu the l n kin~ ,wet: uf J lllatc"; hy "a t'tllnfortuhlr 'mu:l :oCt.:urc li\·t:lihoocl'' :~tr ti unl•\' SC"('Iion Lillthc' wholc etlilicc is dC$1ruycd.
prutlul'l h·c fm•t·c>;:o . the 111orc tluc:o it nctu:rll ).' bet·nmc , whit-1• is nut tv l1e lcJIH·Iu•tl It\· the im:nmu tu~ or h)' Tho nwo'lutio1mry Am ric;m IJrolclnrint, or~nnlzed
the n:~ t inn a l c';lpitnli-t. tl1e 111•1rc t· i lizcn~ ,·Jut,"" it ex: ··,f'/H'IIXimnl t'l )' IOU%." UUt I trust· I will be par.. intu the Amcric.::m urinlisl Pnrty, secin~ Capital·
Jtluit.". En;.:rl:: uwr~ly ~')'~' tlmtthc Stale " wi/IIIIII'C · dnm:cl. ii I quote th • wunl~ uf the !Itt': • uli\'ionl!l)' isrn':o tlt~pcrt,t e st miL<~, will. help to :-ln\•e ofT the cnl.
l u" 1imlcrt akc tlu• tli rt~· tiun of indu:-lril':"'. the I'JIH nntiquult:tl j\lun. who sccmc11 h
)(! im•C. tlmt :
htJI~e of " i\'ili:t:uliou."' wi ll rccontttruvl lhe l!haky
plntfurm "'d,·mtullf.,·· tlmt it du 'it. Sur~!). its 1111· "'l'us~ nrC lhc fournlntion of the ovenunental rna· t~t ructurc, will kt.'CI' nli\'C the dying ortler• •
thurs are more rc\•olutiuunry tlum En ~els_.
chincry and of nolhing else. An .iuc·omc tnx J•re·
Anti Au the Platform demnnd!il o League of Na·
Srlucc ·r,Jrhid:-: nn :an:;ly, h.i uf the ' 1rcvulut iun· $UJIJIC'JOCS lhc tlifTcrent sburCC.III of income of the clif· lion!!. or cou'rse, we call it n ..Fetli:rntion c.\( Peo(Conrin,t'J 011 P"«t.JJ)
ury·· mcthotl!' by which lhe Sor.iali81 purty "de· rerenl $0Ciol d asses, hfncc Cll()italist society.'' Poor
!'Uf'::;,
or.·
,,,t
....
�The New York Communiat"
Why Political Dem9cracy Must Go
By John Reed
II .
T
ilE hi~t oq· of Suc ia l i~-u; in Americn i~ of the
tuosl niJ.::urhiuA intt·r~l. E,·cq · ne w thcor)' of
t'(lhurl;, for a tlt:..,~cu t upon the 3d. 3th
uiu~s uf the fnc.·tnry :-):.l e n\,. h.rl.d jt:: immct.linte hi!!~c r·
cue~ iun i11 th • N.:w \\ urJ,J. I he prescut Left U mg
1 1110 \'t:lllC'IIl iu tlu: ~m· i a Ji ..t . l'arl\', wit h its re flex of
the
lll'W
tcndcm·it·_; uf Eurupc:iu Socinlism, is, in
tha t d• t• nwtcri ~til'. n ut c;..c('Jllionltl.
For t•x:unp l(·. in u:~u
tlh'
-Engli:>hm:m. Rohert
O "·cu, mmctlto :\ mr.rit:n nnd ~ 1 :1 rtcd his New llnr·
mOll)' l'o lony. !\lmut tl•c :O:unc time\ AIIJcrt Bri ~
lwnc I f11thcr of Arthur UrisLHme, ~ J r. llcn r:')t'::'
right -hnnd 111!111) , int rodtU'cd into 1\ :ncricn ·the
phi losor•hy of Fourier. to h'hich he con\'ertcd I lor·
ucc Crcclcv: this r~:ouh cd in a scric:. of conummistic
cxpcrimCnis i11 ("O·Opcr:lli\'C in!lustq• nnd ngricul turc. Grcclc\' nluuuloncd pure Fnuricrism. nnd
t iukcrcd with :.profit-sharing·· a ud other \'llrictic.:S uf
coopcrntion. tlwt led to the g rc:ll r,no,·emcnt for
}roduccrs' aud Clln_;: umcr:-' C'Oopcrnti,·e« in New
•:ngl.md. wh_ic:h 1' nlmin:1tcd Hlld the11 died d own iu
tile cis htic:-.
The ch:mwtcric.til' of nnti \'e Amcricl'll "m:i::l
idcns \\'US tlwir iut cu~c indi\"idualism. The economic rc!!o;ou for ri d~ 1\' ,b. the hic.toricnl cond i:ion of.
Ar'nericnn soc inl •ic,clupmcul. which ident ified tlu..\ concentration of bhOr. nnd c:t pita l i!l cit ic~ with the
loss of incli\"idu:tl liberty d~nrnc t eristie of 11 popu·
iluiou lnrgcly ngriculturnl ond scnttcrcd thin lr o,·er
n great area.
One of the cnrl ictt nuti\"C soci11 l phil osophies 11·ns
transcendcnt nli:-m. ' "hich took \"ltrio u;;; fonm. in·
e luding the esthetic i :uli,·idun li ~ m of Thorenu: 'the
intellcctlHtl indh·idualic.m of Emcrso n-wh o~e
idcns. howe\er. •rcrc con~idcrecl ~o clangcrou'i 10
socict \' 1hnt he w p~ not ncrmille<l to lecture lt l-Inn ··
nnl .-nh crsil l"i the •·n~5ocint ioni5t'' ~oopernti\'e nc·
ti\'ity of Clulnn inf!. grafted Ol'lo Fon ricri:O-m: and
;~:~.ll y. the rc\·olulionM~ idcns of Orc.;tc~ Bro t\'11·
l
clcmantlcd t'l"nllomit· rt•foruu u.:lticlt u:ould not destroy t'.\i~ ti11g politil·al iu .~titutiofiJ.
The fi r:-\ :~ppc:1r.m<:e iu thi.: countrr of Mnrxian
Sncia lic.m w01 ,; in 1 »~2-:L when J o~cph Wcytlcmeycr,
;1 rricml nud tl io:c ip lc of \l:•rx 11 nd En gel~. came to
New Yurk mulorg.mizcd :1 ~lmrt ·l h·ccl revolutiim ary
...ociel\' known a !" the l'rolt.•tnriabuml. Then he at·
t cmpl~tl tn :-prc.ul his i1lca!' in the r:mks t)f I he
lrndc-un imt~ ronn inj! ; II the time. 111111 o r.;;,mizctl :111
us.~oc iat ion :lmullj.!; tho Ccrnu:n \l'orkcr~ ca:Jed the
Ccn('r.d \\"orkinf!'IIICII·~ 1\lliuncc. which hegnn the
pu!Jii1· :1ti1111 of n Cnmnumi~t paper c alled /Jic u,..
form. The rnoveml'!tt t:prc{l{l. A ~i mibr -org.aniza·
tinn wa:o :-l:u tcd 11:11o 11g the Engli~h·~pc:aking wo rker~. But t he growing I\ :1\'C ur lr.allc unionism fin nlly
(J\'(Ifh"h d med if. nnl 1\brxiau Sot:inJi ..m. wit h its
cu m·c p t io r~ or the d a.;s s tru~::-l c. it~ rcco:;nit iun of
!rndc."·Unio..,n i ~ttl nrul po! iticu l actiott, tli:-appcarcd
Ulltil urtcr t!Je Cil' il \\'Jir.
The F:r:-1 lntrrnntinnal. foundetl in l.undon in
Wtl ~. for wh icli 1..:u1 .\brx wrote I he innugurn l nddrc ~-<, l•c;.:an hit h mt orj!m: iz~t t ion of B.ritish tr:tdc·
union lcr d ·r~ tn prC\'Cnl the imJw rtation of ::trike·
hrc,Jkcr"' into· Enj!lt!nd from the coutincnt. It de,·dopc,l inlo ;1 !'nrl uf genera l Wo"rkcr.;' l'nion, in
h"hO·C r.tnk" twu thcMit"" huttlcd : th;1t of Mnzzini ,
nrh oc:~t it:g the h.trmull}" tJr tlu'! inlt•re:-t<~. of cn pitnl
and Jnbor 1from which the philosophy or the A.
F. of L. i.:;; dire<:! I\" de-.cf' ndcclt. nnd thut of Murx.
\\'ho cmpha~ized tl;e c lnss solidnr it r of IaLor in nil
b:ul.c:. Xot until the BnJ..uninitcs :t! nto'"l cu plurcd
the mo\"cmcnt iu the eJ r h· Fe,·cnties di(l the l!Ctunl
progr:un of Socia li::m b~.,!omc the lending ii<sue.
The earl y philo.;ophy of the lnten wtional wns h:,scd
011 the ccouomic c.rg:mizution of the workers into
tn ulc un ion~ nml coopcmti\· $ . to precede the
"f'h:urc of the pol iticn l Wllc. ·II took ten rears for
th i~ i(lea to become li rmh~ estnbliShcd in Americn.
On t.hc. othor hnnd. tlie l.nsnlle:m .:t~it•llion of
186:{ in Germany ,, ;,., immedintely reproduced here.
Llu:d le emphn.,izcd politica l net ion. the po li.ticA I
cn plure o.f the .State firlt- this capture to be followed hr the orgn niznticJn of the working ol:'lss into
r o-operati1·ers u : i!-ted b~ St~k c:rediL
In 1Kl>5 th('Tf' " '8" {Ormtd in :'\f'"' Ytork l.he r~ner:al (;crmftn \\'orL. in1mu:n 'l' l nion. " !-uch Jlll.rH"'luf'nlh ht•c a mr- ~et:t ion I of the l nleornat innal. It,.
or ijlinu l dec- lan-d :
.
'"C1alcr the mun~ of the Generh.l Cermnn Work·
in.. men·.s l "nion arc united nil Sobiul-Hepublicans.
p:t~ticu l :!rly tl1o::oc 11ho regnr<l Ferdinnnd Lnsalle ns
.t he mo:;:t eminent chnmpio)t o r the working cln5s.
rur the purpf. h
' e of renching u true -point of \'iew
011 nil :-O<·i:11 quc~tions . •. . .
lr'hil t• in Europe
otrll· " ftCrll'ml rt'l'ollltiotr run form the means of
upfi_fti11g tltr II'Orkit!g 1"' 0 1'/c. in America the cduCtltirm nf th,• liln(.( rs u·ill iruti/1 them with the t!egrec of st·lf-ronfidt•m·t• tlwt is imliJpt•rr.wblc for t~le
djL•ctin! ami i11tclligcnt ll'.(f! of the ballot. ami wtll
c"n•trtmt/Jr /t•m/ to tftt: t'/1Wt1cipatiOII of the 1/'0r/i illg
pcnph· f;,,m tht• yoh of cflpittil.'' ,
Sc,·cn \'enr~ bcfnre thi~. howe\·cr. there hnd been
cc.l:rb!ic.hCol n :\lnrxi:ut or.-.nni7.ntion. the ComnnmiH
a ll :>ort ~ uf cxtrnneou:- m:ttkr:-, :-1wh a:- n " unil'l~r~a l
l:t!IJ.!U:Igc," wuuum ... uffragc. " fret'dom of !"t:xun l re·
latiun!l... Thi!" itupcr\llccl the wr~· ,..\IITC's... ful
prul•·•t;·nldn of the Ct•lllra l Committ cf; atllllllj.!; lalmr
urg.tnizntion,:; , Scctiun I ~ pur:.ucd it:- acli\'ilic:. fn
the m unc tof tht· l ntt·rnntiunal, rcfu .. iu~-: In n ..-coj.!;nize
. the .mthority uf the Ccnlral Cnnunillc•t•, a111l :•ppc:d iu~; lu thc,Ccucral l;uum·il ito l.undnu t o llt."t;Uiltt! the
leHcl in~ St.-ctinn in Amcric:~-wh ieh WU!' rcjt·cted.
Finnll y the furci:,:n ~toctit~n-. liL'Cidct l to put n !-lop
to the :u·ti,·itic;; of Secliun 12. Tltc dclq~ah:....; nf
fo urteen st.'Ciiuns mC't :mcl tli ..:ouh cd the Ccut ra l
Committee, rcorgnuiziug under the name of the
Fcdcr.t l Cou11cil. nut! c ... cl utl in~ St·t·tion 12 nml :a
few :-.ymp:t thizi ne; H!d iun:o. wh ich t lt~r ufft·rctl atlmill Int i' ou the h:•:-i:o of tim followi!t g pn opusitions :
''I. Onl y the bhor que.<:tion to Le trcntctl in the
org.tnizntion.
"2. Only new ~ct·t ion<: In ltc ll(lmittcd lwo th inls
of. whnse member~ are w:1g:c lahu rcr~ .
'
"3
1110 1_:,1,S0c,ct1;1,1',',',cl. 0"1c1111o•...Le cxcl udetl. ns ~trnn:;crs to
~ct·l ion 12, hciug entirely compo"ctl tlf intcllcctunl-<, rcfu~ecl. The Cenn:m H'l'tio n.; ca iJ,•d a
lllllionnl t'Vn\·eution l u lcgnli1.t' tl~ci r c·nu p tl"ctot.
The Gcner;• l Council in l.t)ndnn m:ulc :m im·c..~ t igatiou, nncl in 187~ S('Cliuu 12 w:i~ expelled frOm
the l utcrnntitlnnl. B1il Section 12 dud it..; follo wers
rcruscd to :IL'Ccpl the decision. nncl called n lutliona l
con\'cntion of its own, in ,_d t ich were reprc~c 1 itcd
thirtecu Sc..'(:tions, mo::tlv Engli::h-spcnking. This
CO!l\Cilllt.ln dt•nouncecl th.e mtPrfercncc of the Ge),.
end Counci l in ,\mcricau urTn irs, a nd th..-c la rct! it~
intcntinr~ to np pen l lo th~ Gencrn l Cong ress of the
l ntcrnnt mnnl, nl the ll aguc, in 1372.
4t
AltltoughSet.:tionl2 nntl its udlteriug Sections opposed the 1\l:tr.\ ians. the\' tl icl not ulh· tltemc.ci \'CS
with D:1kunin :md his ·rnction- nlthOugh nt the
l·ln~uc _Cougrc.:s Hakun in $0Upportcd the delegates
of St'Ct luu 12. who were expe lled with him rrotn the
l ntcrnat ion;: l. The rleh' org.mization dom iu:a!cd br
Uru~n~on. ol thP alou\"t , ~L' tin~ u.1iy real mtmOO
~'"'" I::! turned ill- allenliun to l'oliltn . At the
wme tlmr-. the c-om·enttnu of the rerular l nt~r·
uf tht !o\ urL. in~ ,.!;,... . It 1~ inttr~llnf! herr- IO quole
fr,•lll h·,., ' nrl11 lr. "TI1e l ..1lourmf! C l aJO~.·· pulo·
na1ionad in Amerir...a proclaimed 4!' it.o> intmt.ion "to
Jj ..!JrJ m Jl~ lll. an lll'f'couut of 1hr- ftt<"turit=!- of :\'t-\o\'
re!oi"U~ t ht: l0."4f)..in~ c-laM.e:< from. the influence and
EnrldnJ. ~hr-rr- L.he ." orkrr~> "r-rr- mc.,th· ~ omen :
JlO"er of ull politica l parties, and ,.hu"'' that ~
'"l"h~ ~ ~~·• • mu' . ,.,u IIUI tloru h,.•hh. •rntll and murall
,.,j""tr nrr nf :all tho-r- par1ieoo i! ft l":ime a nd a lhre3l
,. ,,Jo,,.,, j,,.• ,.n,onr .,n.. • hoi l,...ttcr ,,fl' th:11 ., ),,.n lhroo cum·
•F-otil, ..t lln: "''ior~ inf! rlaJo~... II d1d no! r«OpliU
PI""'""'' lal"'' 11•" Lolh .,f ruonalot\ 111 ti•M>" • o ll t J'~ arr
the! thr l imP "' fl.' .'·et: n pe for pol it..ira l ac-t iun.
nnt ttru.on,_ • " . t!nu:, t...., th,. )"'"'' ,;u l • .. t, ..n lh"• ran
,,, 11 "" l·•nf:"' , ., l•·•m• '" do
"
U,. L,,,.,.., "" tad·
In the Hngue Congre.,s, Sorge, .rcprc.se1•ting the
d,.t .o~lol o•n u rt l• tht :'l , ,,. nf fiiJT la ~·tun •ut•ll" fll ,.... lll l ,
orthodox 1\lurxinn orgn nizntiun in 1\meric:•, gm·c
whrn 1hr lof'll al torr..tlo. nf dt •. "' at tlor ho.ur ot brtttdu t
ns hi:; rea~on why the n;tth·e Am ricu n Sections were
"'' d 1nnrr .• ulh uul ot• t..uu.lrf'<l• or l h oouN nd~ of nr;rt·
.., ·
....
uot entitl ed to rcpre~cnlntiou , tltatthc rw tiue .dmerlkul !hi ... nml tk•11 p:o lo l.n11 renee. or Pro,·iicrms II'CTI ' pmai~,.·all_r nil ·'peculators, u·lu'le' the im dcw · , or Fall Hil'cr tod:H·. Th<' on h· clirTereuce is
~::,-~r;::~:ic:~o"c. constituted the wage-camitlg c/au
tlmt now the 110~·kcr~ nrc forcia u h"Ouien. 1\'!lilc then
The he~td•luancrs o.lf the lntcrnat ionnl was trans·
the,· were Amcn enn".
fcrrcd to New York in 18n. Fro m then strife
· llro wn.o.011 h:1tl had llC'ICr :O l'(' ll tlte Comm:mi-.t
dc\"c!Oi>ccl
h'l"ll11·,, ·,,, rn11k'• tl lltl"l tl1c COIII' CIII "I on of
:\l,mifc:-tn. Y~o.•t i!t 13-IU he nch'oc:llcd the o1·cr·
~
thrut\1or the C'fo Jl \la li-1 1llatc, :md tlcc lnrcU any mcnn,.
lfl 7tJ, when the two OJl]lOSing COnceptions o r poJj(j.
ju ~ tifi n bl c. It i~ :-t:u·tliug nl thii< t ime to read h·hal
-c_a l m:tion pure :~ud simple. lll' ngninst the; orgnniznh,. :n ·::: :
lion of trnde-umons 115 11 hnsis for political nction,
'" \ n;l is 1h:8 mrn~•lrr In 1,.. t ::•:h· ~·.trricol ? :'\nt ut nil..
np:nlin ~lplit the Amcricnn lntcrn:rtionol, nnd the
It will r11~1 infinitd) llhll"l' th::n il. •·Nt to oholbh cithl!r
r
po iticu nctioniJ:ts pcrmuncntly withdrew, ond
hcl'~-dit aq molnatch} tit' ht t<'•lil.ll ) J!ll!oilit r. h it n l_:n' lll
Cluh. hn~crl on tbe Cotllllltllli.H Mntl ijt·Mo. muong stnrlcd the Social Dcmocrnt ic Pnrty of North AmerIIII'.J~ur" 111111 a ~t .utli nj! . "I ht• t io·h. tl~ • husin ~~ rommunil ~ .
1
1
will m·•t·r '"ltua.uih o•unct>ltt too it. nml \1 1." tltink 11r 1-llfll•' :\·1l~o~~~~~~,~~~:t•1~M~:;;ct;:~,:;1il~~~:~l.n~~~I\'~1-J:~ P;: ~ {lit:~~~~:l i~: !~::~ r~:n~~~-~;nme time . .the Lnhor Pnrtr of Chiengo
tnn murh o•f hnta.tn. lt:tllltt' I•• l~t•i i<'' •' 111.. 1 it \\ill ct,•r h\·
In Europe, too. the workingmen were' bui lding
l'lfcrh·ol pt':1ft'olloh. It 11ill · l 11• t'ff,•o·t~'1 1 unl~ h~· thl• illT"IIJt \'o l uminou~ ('orrc~JH~udencc 1\"ith .:\lnrx, Engels arul
tmu ·uf phv~ir.J f o•rt" l', It u ill n Hn r, iJ it t'l t'f t' Ortii'J II/ uti, !h·r kcr.
np politica l pnrtics in plncc of fcdernlion" of the
11niJ 111 tit·· r l•ttolou inn of 11 rt m , 11u· /il,t' of ft'hir h thr
ln l al'tf:. the Conwmni~t CluL :mi.l1hc 'Working· lnternation;!l. And this had its effect up~n tlic
wot!tl lm~ ttl noT•'' fo ;"tno·~c.·.f. mo./ j rum u .~ ir h. lumnrr
inf'l'iWMt• it mill !•''''' t o) t 'w nt nl ploUo~or•lt_l , tflt' h l'urt men·~ l'niun unitl'cl to rorm ·a political p:trly. tl1e American l.1bor mo\"ement: But the ei)ief re:1sons
~ut.•i:d Pnrt\" or ~ew York and l'ioinit y. It is inter· ftll' the tcndenty tO\\'Ilrd politicn l orgtmiznt;on \l'ere
oi h~~t,.,:nitr rrroil&'' itb """ '''·
'
""\\',• .1re 11111 n:.tol~ f Oll' 1l1i,. IIH'.\1'111 "' ~ , : . Tl:,·te h mur!1 f':"lin(! to tio:t• hl..'rc tlmt th i~ put y wn~. · out of the d_i~n:otrou-= effects of tlic pnn!c. of JBn , which
1
1
· J:~~~:~\1~~ ~~::rl~tt'ltot\::~ ~~~l~i~\t~~~:!, !j-,;:~ltll\;::,'~·.' ~1(:\l\\;\ , ~:\ h~1~ tldercm•e to tltc J::ugli:-h-~pcal:in~ · \\ o rkcrs. n ,Jis· prncttCl!lly de.o.troy.etl tl1e Amcrtc 1111 trndc union
t•uml' h•r it" fl l"'.• athl (u\1 tli~ u~ si..u. It mutt he rnm ,tUc•l t iuct lr ~ori:tl nofonn party. ad\'ocnting progre.-;si\'e mm·cment. nml n d,·,tirc to mol.·c Sot:i11 /ism m ore
in 1hl' puhlk minol. ;tt11l -.coc-irt~ l'l''l'·lrt'cl (••r n•· tin~t "" it."' im·omc t:lXC5. al10lit iun uJ m1tiou:-l lmnks. right of nllractit·e to the AmcrictJu u·orl.-t.•r.J- thut is, to ·the
r\nolhcr d in·•·lilm tal..C'u f,, n :-~ t i ,·c ,\ mcril·a u i ~"'llC of paper money rt!.~er\'cd to the f.o\'crnmcnt . ~mu ll property holder.;.
~udn l th cori<"~ \\ ,, .. rcftlrm ul the :o\'-tf'm .. nf C'-·
m1 eight-hour law. clc. The cmup:r i~;n of IBW
But rit the .snme t ime the Arncricnn working men
prmc•tl it ;1 fnilur,c. In DL"t' f?ntbcr of ~UU~. ~t juiuct! were pcrft."Ct ing the first of their powerful ceodtn n~c mul 1-nnl.. iu~.
·
J n~h' h \\ >~rrcn . the ' 'fir;;;t .\ mcrit·:w ;on:m·h i~t."
the l ntt•rn:Jtitlnn l. ;wcl lwgan work of ~ocmlt~! !ltudy nomic nrgnniznlion~. the t wo C\"C!I then. heginning
OJlCIICd ll .;cric:o or · ~t orC~ \ 1 ht.'l"l' ;,:ond~ h TI"C ~oltJ :II anti ~t·twra l Sor ia lisl prop:'lgntul:•. o n" the basis of their struggle for mastery on the imlustrinl fieldI'U" I , ,tilt! lhc lnhur l)r.tlu• ~!11 ('•! 1\Cll \1,1" p.titl rur
the Knights of Lnbor mid the crufl un ion 1110\'cment.
:\lar\:'$0 Capital.
h)" 1111 cqunl :unnunt of lnl.u)r hy tllf' pun·h:H·r. l ie
In 1lfb nC\:t twn ~c·tr~ a numhcr of new i'{'('tioJiS l?ol itica lly. the rnnk :mel fil e ·o r .both these organ·
fmn:dt·tl ..ncr.d ,·nhmir:-. \dtil'h \H'rc h:l..('tl 1)n tlw of the lntcrn;,tiona l were org';mized. con:"i"l ing izationl' were entirely impregnated with pctit-bourJlrim·iplc that prit·c : litHthl he~ tlch·nnim•(ll oy l.tlmr· mo~t ly of foreign immigrmtt:l. There wa~ :'1 French gcoi:; p .:;;~c· ho l og)'· The J>itt,.Jmrgh Ccucrnl l...llbor
t•n ..t. I li." wa .. fnlln t\Ctl In· \\ill ian' lh.'(·k. with hi.. ..ectiun. ;c Hohcmi:m ."Cetion. nml !lC\"Cralt lri!lh !=t'C· • Con\'Cnlion o r 1Bi6 wn.s captured hy the Knights
"t i•·kt·t ·-~:-t•·m'" c1f duinj;! ;1\I"!IY with h:ml..~. and thr tiun!l. But~co:idt·~ the forei;.:n immip:r:\nl~. there of Lnl~or. whu cn~lors_cd Gre~nlwckism. from chc:'r,
:-uJo..tilutinH ,,f p111'l'kt,..inp: power for currency. ""·'~ :mnthcr l:!ruup. AmcricJms. who joined moue~ to the protectn·e lnnff. unci thus cut :t~.ln t
Tho·u t·.um• \\ ill inm \\'t•i tliu ~. the C.crrnnu inuni- the £ntcrnat i111tu l. 'l11i:1 wm• mndc up of in· · from the Socinlist:1, who withdrew from the: con·
\
/
tCJil'('lt\:1\... in\uuitnr!l or the trntl itions of "trAilS· \"Clition,
~run l . h'ith hi... phlll for :l " lo:mk o r t"•a·h:m;.:t:.·." in
wl1ic·h prin• wnu ltl loc fi \:ctl hy " )ullor-tinu...... Thil' n•culcut.tli .. m nncl Fu uri cri~m in the rorti ~ mul . The rc...,tlt wns to unite the Soc iali~ t fnctions,
.wu., 11 l"t'n:prnmi"l' \\ ith the itlt•.t.. 11hich lu• h.ul lift!c.... The\ lu:tl funned nn orgnnizalion cnllcd whit·h c:ni1e together a nd nclopted n clcclllr:lt io"n or
' lir~ t lornu;.:hl rrum Eurupf' in Jn-17 - t"llfii ii/IJ/111/I"IIt'f•
the New ll~mocrnc\', who"t' tilnt rorm nd\"Ocntecl principles tnken from the Genera l S t;tlutcs of the
.~lu"t• of oil f"''f~~':l_l"' flllll t·f'ntrtrfi:,•d ltlflrttr!!•'IIH'IIl t>f cll"\\tural refornt. ; uch U!'o !he referendum. nnd") lnt(•rtHltionnl. nml org:mizcd the Wo rkingmen's
ftrtlllnctinll n:u/ n r hllll/!f'· · The rrl\!'1111 for 1\ii.. :O:tatc :"nciali:-m.
.
. l>nrtr of the United Stntc..,., which immedint.cly
..lu:n;..::t• j., l'f'l"~ :oi;.:nilinmt. Uoth in Euro pe mul
In !Hill 1he i\'ct\" Democraq· di:-h:m(letl. and its plunged into politics.
t\llll'rit·:• till' llll'l'l'h.ml •t":lpit.lli ..t \I ll '" the •lnmimml mcmlter!" j(liut•tlthe l nternntiniml .1~ ~e«:t ions: 9 nnd
~ly purpo::c in tiJU~ reviewing the early history of
t' ll l'rn y uf tl11· 1wrl. in;: 1"1 •1.....
But in Europt! il w.l'" 12. o)f N('w Yorl... :-'l'Ctivu 12. under the l ender~hip tl1e A111cricnn Socinlist mo,·ement in deta il, is to cnll
r<•n lir.f'd !hal a ~ uc· i ,tf .unl pulitin •l rc,·o lution 11'11" of ll•u !"i"t'·r-. \" it'loria ,\Voot!hull unci Tennessee nttention to the nature of its nc~ion in. the American
I H.,' t':---:l r~ tu ;.:t'l rid ,( him tin.!icntt•d h)· tlu~ Bt'\'0·
Clall in. ,,dJ-known :ufi·cwatcs of "social frecclom." po lit irnl i'tructure. Of coun:e it is obvious thn1 the
lut itlll'" •lf IBW,I . 11l1ilc in :\merit-a the h"orkcr:: •tuit·kly ·Lccnmc fnmou:". It turned its nllcntion to influence of Socinlism upou the ~mericnn state up
,,
1
II
�The Nf!'W Y ort. Comanmiot
I
Left Wing Notes
THEportLehtheWing
oqrani..tion bu Jecided to
following nomintt and a!oU all revo-.
hoa<lquarten o! the 8th A. D., 1.22 s..-cJ ~
IMp-
lutiomuy Socia list~. to
}'or
EucuJiv~
& ctttllr] o f Loco1
Ntv~
YorA: :
AfcuurJi.liu.u ,Cohen..
In vie"· of the rdtrn-~dum on the State Executive
Commiltee rnolutinn to -=:~J~ I all branch~ and
I Oc::ll ~ t11at h1wr- joim·d the Left \li i n~ Sect ion, oll
the brancl1~ and locals throug hClut the State £hould
makt> arrun~e~~ to h ave Left \\'ing epeakera
atate o ur
ClUe.
Left Wing fipeakeu con be &eeurcd Ly eommunicatinJ! ""'ith Mttximilian Cohen. Secretary of
the Uft Wing Soction, 43
Y o1k Cit y.
•
•
W~!!~t
•
29th Street, New
.
All Left Wing communications of this column
r.hould be addreft.._""'!ll to Maximilian Cohen, 4J \\'est
29th S treet. on <I ,.hou ld rench him n ot late r than
T u~dny murning (~- in~ttion •the sam~ week..
Ap~
Help Your Comradea!
do Ji.L.ewiM::
for Fund. for Tbe N. Y . Communut
CmfRAlJES: Tilt Left WinEt ill in need of runda (or
the iM>uance of ih paper; \o\'e h:l\'e nu du~ paying
mt'ml.tcrship and ure t;o)rl)· depcrulf!nt upnn the
, oJ•mtar}' <"Uiltr ibuliun:o of Ctllruades for our sup·
port. If you think ou.r mo,ement is ntce&!>llr )', if
you feel that "''e m ust ha,·e public expree-.!>ion, )'ou
must <"orne to our ~ u ppu(t. In the present crisi.t,
more t.han e\·er beforr. "''r must keeP.: in the f1el d,
our paper must Ue-publ ished. WE ·I'\EED F UNDS.·
A Joint Diruirt Meeting of the &h A. ·o., Socialist Pan y, will l.te held at 122 Second Avenue,
Thur.!'dav' C\'enin~. P-ta~· 22d, at 8 P. ttl. Very im·
po~nt business 'ft'i~ be ~n up.
At leal!t one hundred worl.:ere who p art.ici·
~ated in the Clc\~l and Ma)' Day Demonatra·
liOn, han• been ratlroade:d to priltOn. So f ar
u the le:n, li h een or thiny don that com·
rado mu~ t.Crve: in the workhou~. th05e 'ft'bo
a.re ouuide cannot he}p them.
But 'ft'e can
tu it that not a ,;insle man or "'oman re·
mains in the M'ork.how;e to work llitt the 6.De
and. coru ~·hich a~ part of all the ~t.eneee:.
l ·nder the unj~ st laM'S no~· ex.iJoting, a man
or "'·umM ~·h u t~" poor and cannot' pay fine
and coH~ muat remain in the workhouse to
'ft•orL: out the fin~ and cotota at the nLe of sixty
ccnt.s per day. In oihe,r worW 1!\' l!f)' toen·
tence wh ich includes a frne of $25.000 and
· cow mean~ that Lhe p ri!oner " 'ill bav~ to
~ne fifty or sixt y additional da)'& .ao 'ft'ork
o ut that pan of his or her lientencc.
•This mu!t not be. ·n,e 6nee mw:t be paid.
In addttiun. the families of r.omr: uf thott
~·ho are in pri!.un "·ill be in neeU before thei.r
t-enlence5 e):pire. We must Ju:lp Lhem. Titey
mu!it pot suffer. S t'nd donaJioru 10 C. E.
H.u.tJu:nht:r&. 1222 Pro:.ptcl At1e., Ckt~lond.
K!C
Loc.a ~~ Sandusk)·, ~aledo, Y~ung~town, ilioo,
HaDlJiton and Zsnes\'tlle, all of Ohio.
'
TI1e United Lettil·h S in~ing Society held an en·
terta inment at ~hieh $33 'ft'.U collected for the Lett
Wing.
IAcal Uo;ca. N. Y., hu adopoed tlte Lefo Wint;
Ttlam £estu and Program and re\·i&ed its platform to
cunform "'·ith Leh ~ing ~rinti~l e-5..
Le~i &h Branch ~o. 1. of Local Dron1 tl SSp1em·
At the Jut medin~ of the Left Winf caucUJ of ·
the Ct'ntni ComnUttee, Local Bronx. Benj. GitloM·, ben 1n good 11tandmg 1 hu passed a re:MJlution CO D·
.
d
emning
the 1\'e"'' York Stile Commihec for having
H . Bouq::in , A. Winick. Dr. Clou~rma n and Roman
Ul uef!Ta!->5 were endorJM:d aa the candidates for the 1dopted ..a rtificia I means to attempt to throM' out a
coo
~iderable
number of the Pan,· mem.ben in the
C.ity Committee from Local BronL ·
•
Statt of r\ew York, which of ncceuiiy would force
a
aplit.
Ov.-ing to an enor in the m inute! of the City Com·
..H ~IvCd . That memben of the State Committee
mitt«- of .Mn l 4Lh. Comrade Lore'a n ame wu in·
woling £or the afores.~~id r e:,c.olution, do not and
IO('r1rd in!ltettd. of Comrade Lcwcstone'11 as one of the
can not represent the M'isltes of the Part)',• there£ore
del ep-otel lu the Left Wing National Convention. A
we ca ll for a rtferendum to reca ll the following
donation of ! 50 from Local Queens to the Left
delegflt.ea: SIUnu~l Orr,• Uther Friedman, Marie
.\\'inp: 'ft'all erroneOus!)· recorded as f 5.
McDonald."
TI1e following locals have joiried •the Left Win! :
Lch Wiog Branches in tb'e Brons are requmtcd
to ICCbod thi.a resolution.
·
to 1880 \t.'a!l nec~l )' small , bcc.aute the movement itM:Ir wM. ovenhadowed b y other political
The 17\h A. D. l unroorganLtedl . ~·;J) bold a diam o,·emenl!i. Still . at a time "'·h en moTenu:nt.s in cuMion meetin~ on the Left Wing Manifesto on
Eurllpe very aimi lar in -siu and importance "'"ere Thunday. May 22. at ill he.tdq ua~en, 1538 Madi·
h.t"'.infr an imp_ortant effect upon the policies of .an A\'enue. On Friday, May 23, Dr. Fredrick
nnous ~overnmeua. the effect in America wae
~:ru~io';,i~~:.: ~~~:;(. t~j~~~en on Indus·
absolutely nil
Wbr? I have tried to point out in ~is aerte.
of articles the dis.aatrous effect of political demo- TO THE JEWISH l.EIT WINGERS
erotic ideology upon the p owth of cla..u--conM:iou&A acnd-off pany M'ilJ be held this S'a turdar even·
. nes. Even after the capitalist clan in America
ing ao 8 :30 P. ·M.. for !he Lefo Wing delept• oo
h ad learned that go,•e:rnment i~ not carried on in the Jewish Socialiat F!der1tion Cooventiob, at tbe
l egi,. Jatu r~. but in ba.nJu; and Cha m~re of Com·
merce. the workers tJ.ill ~l i e\-ed that polit ical
Local Kings at its Cenual Committee, May
17th. joined the Left Wing and adopted the
foll o'!'·ing resolution by a ,·ote of 68 to 21:
r e\·olutionary theories imported from Europe. And
\Vhereu , we desire to dearly p lace nur·
when it did not, the ci U&·con5eioU! workinpnc:n'a
eeh •es on record fQr, and operyly and L1h•ely
or([a.uil:atiom 1100n found that the capitali,.t politi·
&lign nur~ h·o wilh th.a rel·olulionary pro·
ca l part ies, 'ft'ith their appeal to small property
let.ariat the • ·orld over, aa 11 pt"e~C~It e.rpf'CMed
ho lders. " 'ere ea!iily able to capture the labor. vote
.h~· the polM:iee and tJCtics of the CommanUt
from the ~;ocin lists.
Party
o f Ruaai.11 (Bolahevil.i). the Comtnunilt
And finall~· · althou~h. aa Sorge at.attd at the
Lahor Party of Germanv !Spart.acant) and
Haple Confll'~. " the forei~ immigranta alone
.:othe:
pa.rtiee
in harmony with them. be il
constituted the wa~e-eaming clcus in America.'' they
Resolved, That we. Loca'l Kin!' in
f ound them..•.clves unable in an~· way to bring in·
Party Memben.hip meeting ueem.bled thia
ftuf'nce upon the government or the rulins clda~C'-
17th day of May. 1 ~19. adopt u Our oL:ieJ
b!!CauJe IM,Y Ulf'U JortipKrt.
e.t.pte:Mioo the Ma.nifcao arid Prosrq cf the
Th ~ ia u true toda.,· tl.!l it wu in 1816-if not
Lefo
Wins Seco;on o! the Socialiat Party,
m ore 1'0 , on account or'the wa.r. The forei~ work·
Greater Netf York : and be it further
en in lhi!- country are rirtually esd uded from· all
Reeoh-ed,
Thai we pled«c both 6n1DC'ial
panicipation in the ,o,•emme:nt. ahhou!h they conud morel •uppor1 to the Leh Wins propa·
P.titute lhe major ity of the AmeTican woriUns claaa.
@:&Dda and orsarii.ul:ioa., workins to lhe aid
Althou@h naturalized citiuna... the )at.t:G imm.igra·
that the N&tional Orsanisaboa confof"'DD with·
tion l•w• nullify thi.t •dvantage, becalde tinder
tbe pohc;e. of lhu Prosra~~~; .-1 be it far·
them citizenship can be revoked upon 'COPriction of
!her
lu:ri.ng revolutionary ideas. Their organisationa
R.oolvod. Thai all clol"'!...., commin.,.
are powerleaa; their pnu it muzzled ; the couru
....! o5c:W. or J...oal Kinp adhtn - ·
coovR:t them of political offen~ upon the a.ligbu.t
ly oo lhu MuW•.o ud Prosram: .-1 be It
evidence. and Or~aniud Labor-as typilied in the
further
A. F. of L -ban them from the advant.ap of
RGO I ~ Thal Loc.t1 K.inp will Dol coun·
eYeD the inadeQuate labor org.aniutioM formed to
ten&!k;e
or c:ompromi...: • ·it.h any t.aU w
•r
deft=nd the worken' economic inteu:au.
meuui-ta, hwt tha1 u.., cb.a.qe iD poHciel 1.0d
The prew:nt out lu.·ing of Socialt.u in roHtica.
Uctic::s
mua.t
be
cocplete,
evu
if
it
oecett.tibGc:.t.tue t.hev are Sociali.Ma, indicate5 the anawer of
lal.ta the teve.raDCe of nl.atioDt "i t.b ' thOtoe
the democrAtic State to the political ection of the
co...U.utint; the r~
cJ..ua...co.uc'-oua wor~era..
5
=~:~cy-rhl~Jdbe~~~e ~~f:db~:d' ;~~fied~e~
[ToN........_,)
:>1:::::~
moM«~
o~ans:,.,
for a
nic
June 29, for the benefit of the L
W. \\'. defenee. Other orKanWtion.a an beins uked.
to keep th11 date open, 10 thn there may be DO Go.
n;cL The aff >ir wHI be held .. Uberty Park,
E'·ergree.. Brook.IJ1L • ·
Ao a mee~ ;n,; of the (;oy ConmUto.oo bold ..,....
Stlt ~·Y o £ May it wu decided t.o call a City Coo..
i',!~t10n and that the baai.a of repre.em..tion llh.1J
..One del ~ate for nrry SO memben iD
([ood standing or
or fraction thereof;
~~;! branche. ahall e oct delot~W. dinoct·
mal·
You 'a.re there£ or fblueaed to tertd out a call 10
the hranche. inatruclio~ · thcm to elect delegllel to
tm:~::t!IJn on ~e bui.a decidod by the City
The convention will be ·held oo Jll.DC 14th JDCl
15th in the r eople'a Houae &Dd the orde-r of bwj.
DCM "''ill be u followa:
. Con•olidation or Loc.ts into a Creater Ci~ LocaL
T aL:ing actioh on Party <h.1lCrTllip 0£ pn!._
Taking action on the Left Wiz~« •
Taking up the qumtion of the re-orsani.u~ of
branches ia Local New York.
·
•
Send ohe names o( ohe del~•"" elected .-1 tho
branches they reprCialt to the aec:retary at the
Queen• Labor Lyceum, Myrtle and Cyp,_ A.,...
nueo, ruc~g<wood, I. L
A . ~Ia.._ in publ;e ap..l<in,; u beint; formed ~
lhe l .'lh .A. D. The work >rill coOA;.o mainly 'of
practice m the opeo &ir under the··inii!'UCtion .bd
cdokism of
£nelos.
will be ....
charge. All membert are
to join.
u.,.ry
w"""n....
The South Slavic Branch. New York., uzwtimoaa.
lr join«! !he Lefo Wint; of the Soculiat Party.
l
//The Telescope!/
y det.aila
T~ SocidUt p•r• a little m~~ att.aatioo to the
of the maL:e-up of ToE CoiiOlU!O.ST. it
oughl aoon IO be a fa;rly p...mable
looltiDs papor.
We are pleded to .ee that our 1tUfJ it; lltJ'ikillfJ
homc-tlte 61h A. D. it quile rilod at ""'Tbe Pink
Terror" which ia euct.l)' whal wu int~ W'e
aim to plcue.
(
·
. .. .
~
UoeoaiC.:ioUa bumor- Tbe 6th A.
against THE CoMiliUJflJ1.
·
'n. l"eeilldiac
.
..Where were thme ltrun« men em., Me)', Dayt•
If •II accowrta are true •
leest one atron\ man w11 up oa the
ftoor of
...b Joe Gollomb.
to.r
n:r
~~h~0~~~~ lh~j~:::.:l~ill~;:" ~':t::
~ing cluLbed on the floon 1-~ow by the bllif armed tbugJ. Ditcrr.tioo it the b«<ei put of nlor,
Joe.
.
•
And""' auppoao the - of ohe"' ........ oot "" tbe
hanicadea alons with.I!oui. Waldawa.
a:.-....
So Buffalo wooldo' ataDd f0<
Well .
;, hu '-> a. lon,; la.oe hal it baa~ • l.aaL
•
.
"
The !froad •J."dn> oi OCOIIomie ~·
lhro~ the ranb of the ~~ Wins- U..
the 'YOice of fi!JIU'- ..Who WJthe ea1 tD lte
proac:ribed?- aab Tlk ~
...,lh
ten In
But "-"'•
•OUlea of
aJ,..,..
joloo 1a tho l.ahor Pllrt)' f• ed.
lllllllicipal o~
.,
.
.
.
60 1 do oat prettmd to deal iD any ahauatiw fu!a·
;oo ,..;u, ~ wh..le broad oubject .of Socialiat prio·
d pl,. ud poiM:y," aay, Algerooo Loo Ia Tlk S..
cioJial. We ~ ohat &IMa .r>licJ of .-lor
will -D prw..lo tloo a..l Sdooof.·,
•
,
�•
The New York C..mtnUlliat
The Executive Committee's Statement
By M&Xi.miliaa Cohea
Tlv·.follou:inl. 1.-uu u•cu Jtnt to ..TM 1\',w York
Call"' in otuu rr (o th, /flea! E:rrf'utive Cotnmilt,t'l
1 uJ.·nu ulur h u·o.s puMuhN in that popu. In 1pite
of u ., l~h rJ "' thl' /,,,.J,.m ofthr prru. u:hkh lrrl iJ
to publi.•h 1ur h lrttnJ aJ Slwplt·n's J,.f,.,ut of 1\olchdlt. "TJ;,. Cnll"r~fu.•~d to pub/Uh thi.J lell.:r, u·hi.rh
iJ OMt' ,it/• ojthr rntllfOI 't'fJ~' MOW racing U iJhin lht
Soci.DliiJ Panr:
E
ddegates jcxcrpting threrl. all to ac:t, ho-·ev~. UTI·
til uew electio nt. took plo«, The fint Jl'lCt'tine= was
p od,;erl by t~~ HiEhll. :Jnd the motion to . ecall toua
lo" ),) nine \'Olc:s; atthl' ne:.;t meet in~ thC)' f urceed·
rJ in . :co llin,: t11ent t \\ith t.J,~ 11tipulation referred
to t~ho ,·e .l. 1 hr~· could h8\'t ela:ted nr ...· oA".ce{e
ond d~lrgate- r ifi!hl then, if they "ere ~ mindeJ. &O•
thr ch nrE:e that tht'~' ...· outonl~· di~!>Oh·ed the l:.ranch
i" pure Lunl.:. They merel y "·anted to make !"ure
lhnt the Centra l Commiuee • ·o uld 5CDI their delegates.
The RiFhl Wing '\oi' U faced \1\'ith the immediate
J o~ ~ of their majority in the Ct'ntrnl Committee.
Action , tu.J quick action was necessllTy. Other
br:-.~.d:e.: Wt'tt' in the J•rot·es~ of recalling their deleflll t(.'s and det'tinJt Left \rintt'rt in their place..
\\ ith the exception of tht' Finni:.h Branch !counter·
re,·ul utio:1a r,· onJ ~oc i u l - patri otic in all their ac·
t lons fo r the. pa!'t )'ear nnd o hnlf • , most of the I an·
JtUDI;!e bruncht:' '\ol'ere (:Oing to the Leh. I mention
the-e fa ct:- to tho'\ol' the dt"~ perate &ituation the His;ht
\1; in1 \tORS ft~.cing. What did tht:)' do?
Comrade Juliu!o ~r~r f~·hose hea rt '"'' U bleedin~ "'' ith riEiilcuu!lness and wrath I , ia~ued a ~ecret
ca ll fo r fin orJ!Dnizativn mct'ting of hi!! tTusted
c ro nie,... nn ~l u ruf.:t~. April 2ht, at hi~ ·offict. In his
letter l puhli!!hed in full in tht' f'\.
CO).Uil,;l'iiST,
~lily ht•. hr 6:1 ) 5 , "Tut1-day C\'enin~; . the Central
COmmi tt ~ mteu..
At thi~ meeting lht' du u•i/1
bt: caJI a.~ Jar a.s L ocal ,\ 'r:.ut f ork i.J con·
canr:.d," fur1hu on he continues. " ) h a\'e for
myfdf. dccidt'd a~ to mr course .and my net ion."
At thi!- ftt':(' ret mectiiiJ! this ~ang d-'Cided to
pu~h throu ~h Ly hook or b,· c rool.:. the t·onc urrence
h tht Cenlru l Cummiuee "'' ith tht nction of :hr
E':.;et'utiw Cornmittte: in illeg:ally re-or~anizinf.! the
-17th .A. U.. \\' ith mcthCJd<.: that \\ Ould put the Tammnn~· machine to ~hame. TI1e onl~· thinE! ll'cking
no"· .....,li official l'anr tion b\· the Central Commit·
trr. Tht'n lher coulrl unci imoniou~ly cla im that
lhe_entirt acti o~ wa!o lr~o! and binding. That thi!l
"''.a!l but U1t: prelude to o H:rit'!' uf "·ho les3lt' 1uch
''re·oqmniwtion_.,'' ~·e '\ol'c:te cr:rtain . • nd I . openly
c harj!ed them \\'ith it in the Central Committee,
"·hich they dared not refute.
h i!' true that the Left Wing delrJ!ale!! had a
"steerin~ comrniuee" and \1\e ne,·cr hid tt"oat fact; in
fact ,..e open I~· t.lateO f>O, and c,·en Fa,·e J. Phillips
onc.l Ger ber copit:" of, our rules. \\'e t:~tered the
mutiug at ten :r.inp t6 after flight and found. con·
lrur,· to tht: U!oua l C'ustom. ~o~t of the dele~.1tes in
"dtf'ir t.eat5 ond thr meetin~ already opened; that
mC't'tinJ!s "''ere ne\·er Op-'!nt:d beforr eijtht, fifteen is
a wtll -kno ...·n fact \\e were FurpriM:d, but on the
\'CJte for chmirman realized t~ at the mectirlc:. w&A
p acked anJ ~umethin g '\oi' IU to be jammed thrfJu@h.
We "''ert not wronf; in our 1urmi~when immt·
dinteh· after Comrade l....ee Llohom out a...s a dele·
@Air from the lC..th A. D. lofter ha\'. F been repudi.
ated bv hi~o O\\'fl branch), Co mrad Gerhcr called
ofT the. credential& of dele~al~ fro the illegally
''re-OrflllnizeJ" I 7th A. D. (' i~ f r
all o ver the
houfoe for the reading of the crede i a l ~ 'frum the
lep:it imale branch caw.ed that \\'Orthy o bow to the
1torrn.
H~ read them apolo~etical f a.nd with
e:neer'!<. ,TI1errupon, as pre·arranged. Comradt:
B«kerman ro~e. W8!1 pa:llt:d the lloor , and mo,·ed
that the Central Commiuee concur "·ith ' the action ·
of th,. ExCC'uth•e Com,mjttee in• "'re-organizing" the
DITOR of T~ Call : Ptrmil me to am\1\·er
1t1e f'tntt•ment ill~ucd hr the Executive Com·
m illet" o f Lonal ~t""' York, ttnd printl!'d in
lo-Jay'". i- ~ ue of Tht' Call, pertaining to the
Leh "ir.u rontrovrr~y.
In ,-iew of the
,-r:•,·it)' cd tht' C"til'i' prt.~ripitaled by their
illr-;:~ 1 oct!'", and in ,-jew of their !tnlemen~
""·hich is nnlhin" more than 11. ti ~~ ue of lies
conr.O('U'd lo r th/purpo~t> of foolinF the memhcr·
""'P B!' to t.hf' owtuul !!itu.Jtion. I feel thot you '\ol'ill
~fair enou;:h to ~'Tdnt me SJtHce in '\ol· h= ~h to rC'ply.
In thr ftr~t ploce, tlte Eu·ruth·e Commiltee i!o oh·
,.olut cl\· \ottlwut om· authCJril\' to re-oqi!nnite any
hram·h~!> in :\r.,.· Yu'rk. unt il ti.C' refertndum i~J>ued
b,· the State Committee h3s lx-en p a~d. and then
t.ht'~ not only htwe thnt riEhl but a i!O lite ri~ht to
aut um~ t iull> expel them. rrhy then docs thr E:xerutu ·~ Cnmmillt'f' procad 10 drpril·r Bro'lchrs o/
tl~ rij:hs to t•ott' em thU rrjtr~11dum by "r~·or~ani;.
i.n;!" them nou·.:.
,
Titeir t'ln h · !oemLI:m("e o f an excus-e for thtir
"'·ho le,.ale ··r~·OrEanizotion~·· i!i that o~"the la!!t Cen·
tr~l Comm ill~ mt"C'tinJ!. Comrade l\orlin, "'·ho wa!nut t·hairm:w, mo, cd that. "'hen the Central Com·
mittte ad j ou rn ~ . it mljourn f-Uhject to call by the
[),f"'(' Uit\f' Cl,.mrnillet", :'Uld th :.~ t the Exo·utin: Com·
nullt-e II(' t'nllJO'I<ot' rt·d a nd in!-tructed to re-or~ u nize
Loca l \e•,, Ymk nnd J•Ut it on o \o'orl..ing hac.i:..
Thi:- motirm "' II!' uJupt~d,'' Thil U a Jelibcralt' lie.
!\o 5Ut h motion wa~ e\·e , put much le-,: carried ,
for CJnt re:~ ~tm. tht> mer1111~ had bern adjo urned
b,· the {·lt:airman: ,.et·uuJh·. thf' ronm '\oi'BS in an in·
d~r ihal,lr iurmui l t.\ ith ' a police-c:.ptain dri\'ing
th ~ df'lt:!f:.Jte-< o ut. Wh:H really occurred ond thi:t
"'· ill l, C'O rruborattd lJ,· mo~l of the unLiased mem·
lx-t!- und dd('f!ales p;t~enl. to\ ""· that during the
h~ iJ!hl CJf Ute ronfu~i u n CCJmradr .Karlin, afttr con·
su:tation "ith the J!Toup aruund him , !iUddt'nly
or o~ and C'Up ) oill E! ' hi~ hand!' over his mouth ~lm ul ·
etl al.ltHt' t11e di n. thnt thrre \\ ou l•! :..C no further
mectin~ of the C...:entul Commiltet- until the E,ocuti\'e (CJtnmiti~ ·d t'cided to coli for f>Dme. We no·
tirt"d the reco rJiuF ~rd4t)' writing fa.iri o u~ ly at
thi ~ time and pred iC'ted a mon~ our~h·es that they
"''o uld daim that thi.c motion "a ~ pas. ·.ed.
.
As a mut·
ler of fa ct it "·as a phy~ it';~l impo!l~ibility fo r any
one eithrt to put a mutiun or htw e the vute counted.
FiJ!ht~ "·ere J!Oing on !-im ultaneou~ ly all 0\'U thf'
ha ll. Members and ,J,. ),.r,=.~tt~ min~ded indiM·rim·
inoteh·. \ ui~ ""' rrt !-houtint:. hi ~~et and r:pithr1.,,
a.nd thn h::ne the nudac it\· to d a im tltot !'Uch a motion " . ·, pa.!t......ed nt this ti~e~ \\11\·, in their !i.heet,
Tht. Sut'UJ!t.O!, they '\ol't'nt (urthel a·nd purported to
gi\'e the eud' \ 'Ole by ~·hi ch thi11 moti ~n WM
pn~JOt"d- 7 1 to :\6 are tht' ilgur~ ~i,·en. TJ{U th~n
is 1hdr btuU for lhr "Rr-<Jr,;nni;ation" m~thrxls .
I l e.1 u~ it to the comrades to jud~e the meritf of
thrir en~.
ln their N..atement th~y @'ive an account of the
rupture tn the 1lth A. D.. f:ho ...·h,5Z: ho•• it led up t,o
the ftllibucter at the ltl!'t Central Committee mcd·
infi!. At ide from mi!>!t:ltin(t the facts, di,.torting 171h A. D:_,.Granted the Anor next , I mo\'ed an amendmtnt
other!>. anc.l omittin~ imponant nne5, it is a fflirly
accur.1te arrount. The Eu:cuth·e Commillee doe- that a ccimminee of et'\'tn be appointed from thit
not stale '\olh,· a branch C'ould not withdraw and body, three fro m the Right. three from the Leh and
elect offic-e~ 4nd dele~.,te:; the a.ame ni~ht , althon~;th an imparti11l C"hamnan ' ~oelected una.nimousl)', • ·ho
1hrre i5 nothing in the by-la\1\'!t prohibit in~ &uch ac- ,.hould in~·t:s~fllllr tin: .....~e uf the 17th -A. D. and
tion. The b~· - la~·t on I~· re late to, the annual nomin· . rept..•rt back to the Central Committ ar ttle nes:t meet·
inF, This amendment, eminently fair and just, wa"'
at ions and elections. In m:allin~ delt;gates..and of
ficen. the clau1e lAys nothinp: about such proce- defeated. Later on, • ·hen I appealed to the dele·
dure. A.s a tn41ter of ,facl 1hi.J fuu bun ~~ gat~ to hellr a committee of three bearing C'redeo·
tials 1iFfled by 96 member"' of tht 17th A. D., my
.•Lc!d
appeal wa.!l again lost. . Did n.ot 1hU rrotoe llwll 1M
an overYt·helming majority in the branch and Rithl ll'i.n~o uu ouJ for iU pound. o fle.sh? ·
they prOCf!"'"!ded to uP-e their h:g;,inute power ~
So much for en:nta. Now let ·WI analne their
reca ll tho~ pel! of the RiPtt ·V::intt Machine, Wald- theoretical voaition, via..: .. Do not be deceived.
man. Lee and Block, and elected three Left Win~• The question at iuue i- not a:rcrely one of miains
in their pl.ce, the Cc~tfal Committ~ refu!!ed ·to our part(• platform or iU &actica. DiHereoces of
.eat the' new del~atea bn the poundt that a ape- opinion on theac matten are alway• in order. The
cia! Infttintt ~chould ha~ bern called, nomination• constitution and by-lawa of the part~ give ample
rna'de. thm and e iKtiont at the ~s:t mOeting. The opportunity for diteuaaing ·such question& and ~
left Wing in the &h A. D.. 1.ure of their majority. cidin,r: them Loy the will of the majority.
Your
eomp1ied "'ith the unfair ruling. and at a aub~ [J.ecutive Commiuoe hu oeilher the ri!Jhl nor the
quent mertiu@'. havintt duly notified the mc.mben of desire to interfere in .ucb m.auen. On the con·
U,e bran<'h. recalled the o ld delc~ta\.el and nomin· trary, it i.a •trh·ins to mainLain the oonn.al condiatcd new OMIL Electiona we.re held at the follow- tions for free aud '.!Air di.cunioo and decition."
.
i.np: rM'II:ting.
Thil GUO\.alion b hom. their . .umc:ot in to-d.lly•a
r\o"'·· thin. the 17th A. D., rcalilins ttint if they CoJI. It a.oundt. plausible. To the uninitiated it
rtJCalled and l'lectcd delego.tea on the ume meetinS may evm M!lltJJl eruincnlly fair. But ia it ? Let W
nittht tht~· ~ould he! ubjectto thuamc treatmeoL,and
f 1.ather real i.z..int: thai 1hei.r oormal majority would
Any aaoe Socialill knuwa lha.t the organi..ution of
be •ure to be c\imhi11.W by the colonWng of their the Left ,...,..ill! wu due lo tLe iDertia and actual
oppoDCDU, clodo.d to ,.,...11 aU their ..ticen aud hi~ by the olciale of •-..ry -.pi of the ·
r.
ec~::r: ~~~~~;ar:: t~eut e;;,h~.th~
"~~a
.....
rank and file to es:preu itaelf ever aiDCt" the SL
Lou ;,. Ht!~oo l••tion • •u adopted Ly the rank and 6le..
Permit me to enumt'ratf' them chronological ly: ( 1 ) .
Tiu~ Mt·yer Londou re-nomination. I 21 n,e Social·
i!-1 AldcrmHn ond the Third Libert)" Loan. 131 lbe
Sot·iali!it Aldt:rmen and the Fo urth libt'rtY Loa.n.
(41 11t~ Socia li~t Aldermt:n anJ the Vict~n· Arch
appropriation. To Nt)' nothin[! of e\1~' atte~pt to
cou~olidate the )U(:a l" of Greater i\~e· Yo rk being
blocked by thf' officialdom. To 6-!Y oth ing of U1e
r~ntmrnt of the r ank and file a, ' Mt the h'. r.
Coli's a ltitude towo rd~ the Bohheviki in Hw.~ia and
the S pa rtac nn"' in GermiUly, \\'hich again was
cru! hcd b\· the officiAldom, without redrCM by the
meml>en because the Call it not porly ou·n.ed or
conlrolkd.
Th~ '\ol'eii·L:no"·n incidtnts £ h ·e U1e lie diu ct to
their rl11irn tl1at the reg ular party c h11.Mel s are open.
S limily and hrpocriticMII )· they prate of petty
pla tforrru. and tur· ics nut being the mail,l iuut:; @"iv·
ing the impre&.!oion that they are in fa,·or of a radica l re ,·i"io n alon~ Ute lineli laid do• ·n in the Left
Wing Prol:!ram. H ert', we mu!"l call Comrade Gerber Md Comrnde Waldman to tt5tify. Comrade
~rl,er in hi ~ ktter to his cronies, for that P«ret
mt't!linll' In-fore the Centn l Committee meeting of
April 22nd, let:J the C'&t out of tht' bag; he 6<1)'1:
"U 'hile lhe cotiirol of the portr by lhcs~ irrt:sporul·
bl~ ptoplt u·ill mak t:...c pml)· Gil owlau· ortzan·
i..:o1Um, and break up lht organi:.arior!' And yet
\o'h rit "''ou ld the-e "irresponsible people" do ?
Mt-re ly can }' out the letter and 15pirit !lf the Mani·
~~~t h~~ ~!a~~~~n ~~~~. ~: ~~~rt;·~bj~ o~~~~~
\'i~ion of porty polid~ and tactic&? The follo w·
ing. deJi,·ertd at a fJ.eec h in thc_Broni and reprint·
ed in the current i11~ue of the SocUJlisl, the offK:iall
CJrj::An or the Hi~ht WinJ! : " Industry must be under
co llt"f'ti,·e o"'·ner!-hir. If 3n indu!ltry i5 municipal·
wide the municipa ity i~ the collocti\·it)' " 'hich i11
Fo ing to be posbe5sed of the ownenbip of ·that iD·
du:-tr;·. H ~ n indu5tf)' is 5lnte·wide, in ita natlll"'C,
· the etate i5 go ing to Le pouosed o f tha t fndu:rtry.
If a n inJu ~tn· is nationa l in il!l c haracter, fiuch as
railroad. "'·aier-way&• .coal-minn. telegrjph and
telephones. the nation "'· ill O'\oi' D it."'
This i! tlre kind of Socialism advocated by the
RiJ!hl Wing. They talk abcut re,·ising p artr policie5 and tactics quilc ~libly, but only • ·ith t.he intent ion of 1ide·tracking the re•oolutidnary M:ntimtnt
of the ra nk a nd file who a.re clamoring ff'r a thorouf!:h·,.:oing change on the basis la.id down by the
Left \\'ing ~bn ife!lo and Progra.m. They do not
wish to re\'ise the party's policies and tactics i£
they can help it: certainly they are Dot for the
abolition of Focial rdorm plank!; they are not for
repudiating the Second International. thc·y are not
fqr affiliatin, " ·ith t11e Third International, called
bv the Communist Party of Ru54ia (BolabeTi.ki) .
They ere not for ~ing revolutionary indu.strial
The
· unionism, e part of ib general propagand.L
quotation from Waldman'• epeech diltinct.ly lt.litm
,.·hat their CCJnceptioo of Socialiam i!l: nothing
more or les.s LhM St.ate Socialiem in its most Ptt·
nic iou ~ form5. They believe in prescn-intt the capi·
tali1t state and utilizing it for the inauguration of
Socialism. · They are oppoeed to the "dictotonhip
of the proletariat.. u a principle and violent!)' oppof.'!d to it as the tactic of the rc\•o lution.
They
orr I~ uocJ cou"lrr·pariJ of I~ Ebe,·Sch.cidemonn moduau Socioli.Ju of Germany.
Bourgeuis parliamentariam ~ their mearu and
State Sociali!lm ia thetr ~oal.
ComroJr:,! The Left Wing organiution ia the
or~anizatioo of the rank and 6le.. . lt ie your an·
••·er to the politician!, the ofDciale, the traiton and
the bel(aye-n in our party, who ltooCek to :naint.ain
them.!etves and their clique in control, deapit.c the
fact that the me:mbenhip damon (or oew policiea,
oew tactic&, new apokeamen.
Now a word u to the heinous crime of havins,.an
..orsaniution within an orsaniution." 1De Ri~t
Win~ claim that the rank and 6~e hnr no coD·
trol of auch aD orpni.ution. 'Our GILIIOe'T U tlwJJ
tAe nusJc,GNl fi.Jc Jt,o~ conlrol, bul eM tnacb.W ~!,.,..
ricNuu luaw: n.ot. 'Th.a.l it why they are opJ)OM!d to
it .a bitterly. But let w put the q ueatioo t.bia way.
Han t.he rank and 61e an opportunity ol ooDtroiJ.
ioB "'organlutiont oU,t.ide o£ the OQ!&n~"' ..::h
u the N. Y. CGII and the: Rand School ?
We .ccuae them of bavins or~anised ..orguiiu.tioDS outaide of the orgaai.ution ', which are moat:
humful to the Socialist movcmeaL We ac:cuae the
Richt 'Wing of controlling tbem tmd a!IC.iof: to it
th~i the rang and 6le hue no aay iD their manap
nw:nt, pwuer.hip or control. Ia, the ..,.eel card" per
It: an open IC:baiDe to thOM! o utaide ot f!:ani.u.tiona?
· The char!Je hat been made in the oflicial .Or@a.D
of lhe Right \\'in4, ..The SocUJIUt", thai. the Left
Wing U. the only org~i.utJon wbae the ~ c.arcf
i• not honor-rd. That 1.1 not true. 1Do fact • tha&
'fbo Call Aoooc:ialioD aud the R.ucl Sdioo~ clai.-
�')
I
j
The New York Communl.ot
An Outline of the Communist International·
Adopted by the Congress of the Communist International in Moacow [Mardi 1-6, 1919~
(
Ul
'
the peuy bourgeo is ie of the cities will be heed hom
""f"'HE brea.kd o""·n of the capiuliatic order and the eronomic bond age to u~ uriou& cap11a1 anrl land·
1 di.Hupti on of c apit a li~>tic ind u!.tri a l diie ipline lord i~m. and fro m tb.X lmrdenli lcspcciall)· Ly an ·
malt'& im••O~!oibl e the reurtz nnil.ation of pro· nulmenl of the n:ttional debt 1, d e.
ductio n on a ca p it..al ihtiC' ba~ i f. ~ a~ \ll'affl of the
The task o f the Pro letarian Dict.atonhip in thetoourkingmen-e"rt'n "'·hen •UC£~ fl ful--do not bring ec onomic f1eld can onl \' be fulfilled 'to the extent
the Mt it- ipated ~tt~rment of cond iti one of living; th.at the proletariat is e~11bled to create centraliud
U1e worL.en C IUl onlv become emancipated ""·hen or,om of m a na~menl and to i.n!lti\\jte "''orken'
pr oductio n ie 11ro Jon Fer co ni ro ll~ b~· the boor- coutrol. To U1i s end it mu st m.d:e U."e of ib mue
Fl"Oi,ie Lut by the pr ro let ari at: In <•rde1 to raise or~n nization !l which dre in cl u!\Ct reintion I<' the
tJ, e 5landards of pr odur:tivit y, in order to cn n h the pruce!s nf produc tion. In the field of dirtrihution
oppo!! it ion on the part o f the bour geoi sie ( which t.he Prolet11rian Dictatorship muft re-e.u.blisb com·
~:. nl ~- pru lon;s the death •tru ~~ l e of \he old rejZ ime
mercr by an accurate di str iLuti on of produ•·tt ; to
and thereby i m· i t ~ d:~n ger uf total ruin ), th e Pro· whir h Mid the fullo""·ins methoW are to he cona idletor ian Dictntor!o hip rnu s-1 c nrr~· out the upr opria· ered ; the 50C ializ.ati un of "''l. oles.ale e:c.t.abli !' hmn~ll,
tion, o nl~ d el a ~· thf' procr:-~ of di!'i nt epa tJon and the taking O\'er of all bouq::eo i!l St.ate and munici·
C'on,·erl the me.u m of producti on and d i!!lr ibutiun p al a p}Jaralu!' of di ~tr i but io n ; conLro l of thr ~eat
irit o th e co mm on JH OIK'rt )' of I he proletdr ia o State. CO·Opauli\·e ~ooci et il!'!l. ""hir h o r ~a niutionA will •till
C:ummunJ SRI iii no""· bf:inF bo rn out of the rui ns hne on im portant role in the pr oJuc tion~poch ; tl1e
of CG pit oli !l m- there i!l no other t.n lvnti on for hu · grodu .l l ccntral i.zotion of 811 the,.e organs and thei:man i t~· - The opp ortunists "''" '• are rnalinF ut opi an
co n,·euio n int o a syftenunic unit y for the rationa l
d ~ ru amb for th e reco nstruction o£ th~ economic di stribution of produclb.
~"~ Y!i tern of Co pita li 11 m, so n• to po!itponc 50C' inliza .
Ali in the 6tld of productifl n. ao alto in the field
ti on, onl y del a ~· the proceAs of dit int eerati on and of di ~t ribut io n all qua lified technicians and fJ)OCialin c r eft~ the dan,er of tot.al demoliti on. The com·
h·L" are to he made u~oe or. pro,·ided their politiCAl
muni ~t re,·oluti on, on the other hand . i~ the besa.
r ~i !ltan~ i!i brul..en and the~· are ' till eRr Ahl e of
the u ul~ meam b ~- ""·hich t.he m ost important .ociol ada ptmg them ~ h}~-c . not to the servi,... \lf c • .., iul,
p 1, ~ e r of producti on- th e prolrtarin!---<:An be ) but to the ne""' !' ~'fl t tm of production. far fr om op·
...avr d . and """ith it eoc iet y iuclL I
pres... ing th r m the pro letar iat will make it pou ible
The Dictatonhip uf the Pr o let~~;riat d ~ not in for th e first time for t.hem to de,·elop inten'i ,·e crea·
an~· war ca ll for partiti on of the means of produc· iive "'·ork. The Pro letnriun Dict.at on •.hip, " "ith thtir
l io n and exchange; r ather , on th e co ntrary. iu a im co-operati Cin. will retrie,·e the r.rpaution of phyai·
i!i further to ceutrnliu lhe (n rc~ of produr tion and ca l and ment.al work which Capitalitim has dC\·el ·
t o eubj ect oil o f pr od•1cti on to a &~"ti temati c pl an. oped . .:md thu s ""ill Science an"d Labor Le unified .
As U. e fint t' tep l"-;--'!l()("ializ.a ti on or tilt' great banks BesidM. eJ:propriatinJ: the f a ct o ri e~. mines. C!tatei,
""·hich no""· C'ontrol production ; the takin@: m•er by n c., the pro letari at mu ,.t al so abo li ~ h the expl oitath e po"-·er of !he proletari11t o £ all ~ o ,·ernment · . tion of the pN ple L~- c np i tali ~ t ic landl ord ... tram.£er·
controlled ocono mic util ities ; the traf'l ~ (err i ng nf all the large mans ions. to t.he local workeu' counciis,
communal enterpriK"s. ; the ~iali z ing of the sy ndi · and move _t.he "" orlinjl people into the bour~eo~i
ca ted and trul.tifi ..d unit~ of production, u well u
d"'·ellin@Jo.
Durine; th i1 e;reat tran! ition period t11e power of
all other brailcht:S of produr.t ion in " ·hich the de~oe" of concentrat ion and ccmnlizati on of capiul
the co uncils ruu!it con!lantl y t,uiJd up the entire
m<ike! thi t techn icallr practica ble ; the sociatb ; n ~ adminiHrati,·e o r~ anizati o n into i more centralu..e-i
o ( apicuhural est a t~ and their com·enion into 11rur tu.re. but on the other hand co a ~ tantly draw
co -opcrati\'to: estahli.chmenll.
C'\"CT . in crel\!' in~ elemenu of the "'·or king people into
.A!! far at thr amaller enterprises are concerned, the immediate clontrol of ~;o,·emment.
tl1 ~ pro letariat rnu!lt gradually unite them. accord ·
The re,•oluti o nar~· era compelA ~e pro_lelfrliit to
in ~ to the d~no of their importance. It mu st be:
make u~ of the mean1 ~.>f battle wh1ch "'"Ill cu_ootn ·
pa rticularl y emplua!ized th~t 1mall prope:rtieta " 'ill trate il! entire e ntr~~. narurl~- . mat! action, with
in no way be e1propriated and that property owu- it s lo~ti c al resu it.unt , direct conflict with U1e go,·ern·
en. ""·hu are not explo;.en; of labOr "'"ill not be mental ma.chint'r~· in open combat. All other mcth·
forcibly di ! pOiof;eS~W:d. This element "'·ill gradually ods, ~ uch a!l re,·olutionary ute: of hour~~ ~ pari&.be drawn into tl1e socialiatic or~aniz.ation through mmurism. "'·ill be of onl y ICICondary &1gn1ficance.
the force: of example, through pu.ctical demonslra·
The indis~nnble condition for suooeaefuiiUUg·
tion of the auperiority of the new order of thing'~. .gle i~ .cparatioo not onl y from the direct ICTViton
and the rrgulation by which the &IIUIII farmer• and of C.pitali&m and eoemiet of the communist rcvo-
Clearing
the
Decka
( CoatiAJaol '""" ,_.. 1J
two. gentlemen , and who during a revolutionary
~iod would inevitabl y act in thr same " 'ay as bu
d isgraced the name of Sociali.Jm in Germany? If
not, docs he expa:t the Spartacana to meet with t!.e
. ::~:~· s.:t~r~-. ?occ~~r~d:
o:n:::;
reforma, tuch u l'>'ere ad•ocated in tbe Coogra.sional platform for 1918--which Comrade Hill·
quit must mean when he Apeili of the Party duriJl«
the War u a "vi1ion of progra&."'
erpear•
CHilCquit
lt
that the failure of puce. the !OYernmenu pe.necutioo and repreuion, the obtcurant·
nbne of these queeions, ·he di"mi.JSC!I the question ism of the capitaliil press, ten-orUm. unemploy ·
of the Third International in • glowing generality! ment Md intenaified eJ:ploitation "'·ill 10on awaken
What. according to Comrade Hillqun, u the func- the American workers. Then will come the op}JUr·
tioo or the American Socialist Party in the imme· tunity of. the Socialist Pa,.y to convert th~ to Sodiate future ? The United Slates emer~ from the ciali 1 m-whatever that i., for Comrade Hillquit
War the atroo~t capitalist country in the world; c!oean't a.a y. Hut in order to prepare for this, we
our '' liberal'' adrninietration h~ \become reaction· mu..' t concentrate on propaganda and organlution
arj : the "progrest ive" element irt politics and 110· -"propap,anda throu@:h all method. available, in ·
-cial re£onn hu collapted li.ke a boutc of ca.rch. The . eluding- politi cal calnpaigns and lngislative for ., only \'oice of protetl and the only vi eion of pros· ums." Thia i• the Left Wins position ; tlili ia tho:
J"eY " hne co~ from the Sociali5t Party and • · Left Wing'• idea of political actioo-for the pur·
nt;ligible poup of induttrial work.us and radical poee of pt·op~d.a. and for no other J""eMOD,
individ~al&.~ . ,
'J1w.l tmpheallon u. that
. .
.
_JJut propasanda for what? Comrade Hillquit
thrt ~1ah!lt P~y 15 to hu pointed out that there are two theoric. atru1·
take the place of th1s. bankrupt ~~~~t, to con· glinr for conLrol in the Social itt ~novemeot-that of
tin~ u it hu been lD the put. a •oace of ~t'f)o. the dtctatonhip of the proletariat and " that of
at "' and a "ritioo of pro~"· Proee.t a~an~at ; ..Marins so..emmcotal power .Dd ,:_pomibilitiea
what? Why apm.t.. the " fall~. or the eapltalut ,. with the capitalist cl .... . . dllfin« the period
80Yernment to ~ • ~ocr at~ _-to p~ tbe or trataaitioo".' Jt iJ .11 '"'" weiJ 10 plead for A
working.eiAifl apmst _1ttoelf. V~1on of w~at. ~ "Larmu .. iow pl• 11 oi .a.ioD"-but what ahall it
an in6.nlt.e M:Cumulallon of petd bour!COA.I .aci.al be? Comrade Hillquit doet DOl: tell •; baa he
ili.nll that we shall em.br.ee Lbe MCOnd "o f tft.e two
ing Lobe SociaJiat i.mlitutiona. are two pt.a.c. where plana of action, and be propoea to reed out of the
Soc:Wiot
Pany all th ... wbo ~ wU.b him.
the rod ca.rd ia not booorocl
In riew of the fJICtl enu..merated. in rit7w of the
In ita panic:Wu application lo tbe p . - ·
dellbera\e d»tortiona and lie. publiabed i'lf the f.x. · tion within lhe Parry the documad ia • bluU&
ecuth·e Cotn..aliuec'• ltatcmcnt, the memben of tbe
0
..
Socialia1 Party 1hould demand the recall or. lhe
Exccuth·e Committ.oe, the rCIIipation of t~e Eucu· haa been unity,.now Comrade Hillquit wa.uu • tplitJ
ti'f'e Secretary and \"Ote, .. !"io:· on the St.a\.e Commit· U•"h y? After = ~:tths of asilation the Wt Wint; b.uJ
tee's refnendum for the upulaioa o{ Left Win1 broken doWJI the oppotilioo and ~ iD ha•··
~~~=~o ~ ~iife:.~ J:~ ~ ~i~~ ~~'7en':f
'-J.a..dbraDClaeL
Loa
a ni......dum IMa>
OD
tbe
- i t t !«
a No·
lution, in which role the Social Democrau of tt. ·
Right appear, but aiAO from the Party of the Cerdre
(Kaub kian •) ,wh o deterttbeproletariat al tbecriii.
cal mon~nt in orda to come to term.. wi1b i~ qpeD
a.ntagonaM.a. On the other hand. there are ee.aitiaJ.
dement. of the proletariat, heretofore bot wifhiD
-the Snc,ali•t Pari)', ~-ho stand aow completely aDd
absolutel y on ·the platform of the Dietal.onb.ip ol.
~Pro letariat in the form of Soviet rule; for euza.
pie~ the conespondiog elemenll among the Srzadi,.
al~.tt.J .
,
· TIM- growth of the rn•olutionary m'OYCIDeDl in aD
Jandt, the dantter o! suppreuioo of thil revolutioa
thro:.:ih the coalition of c:o;..itali.tic State~~, the at·
tempt ,_ of che Soc iali!lt Uctrayen to unite with ODe
another (the fom1ation of the Yellow "'lnteraar.ioo-al'' at Berne l. and to give their .cn·ioes to the WiJ.
IK)nian Lcaguc:s finally , the a..b.Oiute necc.ity for ()C).
ordination of prolet.arian actioo,-.alllhe.c dea:W:.d
l.he fonru~•ion of a real revolutionary and -real proletvian Co mmuni&t lntttnati onal.
~ h.terua.
tion a!, which ~ubordioates ~ ao-c:alled IW.ioa.al
interest' to the intuc.ta of the intematio~l reTolD·
tion, ""'ill peraonify' the mutual help of the prot.
t.ariat of the different countries, (or without ccono•
ic :::::! other ..r. ~ :-: hcipfulneM the proletariat Will
not be able to orr;anize the new IOCiety, On the
othrr hand, in contrast with the Ye}low lal.a'Da·
tiona) of the aocial -pat.rioll , lhe Prold&rian ca• .
muoisl Internat ional " 'ill aupport the p!undcntd
coloni al l)fflJ.Ies in their fight agaimt lmperiaJ..i.m.
in order lu hulen the 6n.aT collapee of tbil impe.
iaiUtit'world tyl'lt!m.
·
•
·
. The eapiu.linic criminala uaerted at the~
n ing of the """orld war that it wu only i.D defeoee or
the cornmoo Fat11efland. But 100o Gcrm.an Imps-·
ialU_m s;:evuled iu real bri,;and c:har.::ter by ill
bloody deed!! in Hus.si• . in the lbi.in(' and Finlazul.
i'\o""· the F.ntente slates unm.uk thema,el•e~~ u world
det:r oilera and murderen of lhF proletariaL Tolether with the German bourpoi1ie and IOciaJ.~
ri ots, " ·ith bn,ocritical phrucs about puce oa
their lips. they are trying to throttle the U.C'Ila·
lion of the European prolet.arU.t by me&a~ of their
"'"at mllt:hiner:-• and stupid barbaric colooial 80} •
d iery. lnde.cribable i.J the White Terror or tbe
bourgeois eannibala. Jnealculable are the MCI'i·
6ces of the " 'orking clue. Their bett-L.iebbecbi.
Rou LuJ:emburg-hne thq· loll. Against thi. tb.
proletariat must defend iLtelf, de!cud at any price.
The Communilllnterp.ation.al all. the whole worlcl
prolet.&.riat to thi• fioallltJ"u.Uie. .
own u:Wa &k imptriiJUJit: co_rupiraey of ¥
L.~~~ /Ci~.~,_f.'nMrniJiioul Re1ublic oJ &k Pro.
._P.'
foUO• - ·
.-.-w.~
tional Emerrency Connnti,n. 1)1e preeeat att.itude
of the rank and file fortiC&JIU that web a coonmtioa
will be another SL Louu, and Comrade lliUquit
and ...the other "leaden" doubt wbethar they cc
weather anoll1er storm. The only ~ Wt Y to
split the Party belore the COD9'C!IItioa.
Thil u·~~dly what Loeal New York ia doiztc,.
Thir. ia why the "reorganlutioo~ of br&Debee soon apace. Di1francbi.e: the ~olutionary aectioD
of the mf'mbenbip, expel ita orpol<esm,eu az>d tbe
Party is Nfe for the o15cial junta! Tbe Parry'· of. ·
6cialdom h.a found that it i.a unable td KJCOmpliah
thi;t purpOK in time to s.ave the Nati on.al Executne
CoiJUIUu.., hence the "leaden" call for a opliL
But we refUJt to 1pUt the Party. that is DOt oar
purpo!<O. v; e -·ill capture the Par1y ~ il tbe
Ri~t Wing w'anll to split, il mu..t do the -Plitti.oi.
it r.lUsl break away from the Pany. The r8.111k ucl
61e is behind our position, Milt ore 1M P.ny, aad
wbm 1fe time comet for clouios the ~ ..., will
baadle the mop.
, .
.
· .
LEFT WING MEMBER-
'
SlllP MEETIN'G
-0/t-
. SUNDAY, MAY 25th, at I P. Jl.
-
JT-
MANHATTAN LYCEUM
66 EAST 4da STREET
•
11E11'
YOn OTT
TO ELECT AND INSTRUCT
DELEGATES TO NATIONAL
LErT PING CONFERENCL .
�8
The Pink Terror
V. The Abortive Massacre of the 3d-5th and I Oth A. D.
T
HEil£ hod been
ru1~ou that
tl1e Pink Dictator
of Local New York wa.s manholling hi!!
:ohorts for u descent upon the 3d, 5th
and 10th A. D. The assault was delayed,· how-
ever, uutil there was 11 reasonable certaint)' of the
absence of J im Larkin and the Irish contingent,
who, not being ver y well versed in parliamentary
low, might wfwlly misunder lamJ the rroceediogs;
ond imagining that someth ing illegn was going
on, m ight impuls i\'ely \'Ol e agains t it in their nn·
t ionnlist ic way.
The op Jwrtunit y orri\·cJ . h was !corned by Gerber's spies that 011 Monday. May 12th. there woul(j
he n memorial meeting to J a me.... Connoll[ ul
Br)'n nt Hall , whic:l1 the Irish Comrndc5 woulc nt-
tcnJ.
011 l\lny .IJ)th, thcn:Lore, u cl10scn few members
of the ;j,f, ~th und lOth recei\·ed the c ustomnry
hillct-doux fro m Gerbe r , so fa milia r to a ll the
fnit!.rul,
At the 11/lf!Oinlt:d time on ~lonJu y C\'cning, M n)'
12th, 11 lin I! g roup of Cornm des. with potlc hti! de·
termincd fncea. left the hcndltUnrlcrs of the Bra nch
ant! proccefletl down Broudwny. l'' ast the grcnt
Victor )' Ardt ut Fifth Ave nue nnd 26th Street , with
l'~1 Urrtllt ll'ik" I!CII Ij;turmf O il its hide, we ut the bra\·c
lillie La ntl, thrill ing with im·c n cd pride to think
thnt this grcnl mornurre ut to the invnsiou o f Hussin
had been crcctctl wit h m o nC)' voted h)' Socia list nl·
den ncn.
7\1tl . 7 Wc.- t 2 1st Street wns u low, evil -looking
building: upon the step.; lounged hnlf n tlozcn p lug·
ug li e~. who g lnwcrccl upun our Comrudcs ns they
p m,se11. The IJIIilding wu.\0 the lu:rn lquurtc rs of
Clmtk nnd S uit Cutlers' Union No. 10. As fnr ns
coultl lu: dcterrniru:cl, mMt o f the Union mcnihers
aecmcd to be ha ng ing 11romHI the corridors.
U p~~ t nln:. In n low, e \·il·looking room snt Chnrle )'
Gros lll ll ll 111 a tnhle. He looked up in s urprise us
the comrades e ntered ; evidentl y tht:Y hnd nrri\'etl
earlier thnu wns expected ; for hn\•ing looked m•cr
the ngKrcgntion , C roo;smnn wmrl to the door nnd
shouted do\otl'll·stnirs, "Wlrat's the ma tter with you
fell ows? Didn't I say not to let a n)'bOd )' in wilh· for order and propo~d th at, since 1he ExOCuti,·e
out a lcucr ?"
Conunillee refused to ca ll the meeting , the Branch
A &enfi-cornmde b)' the nume of Fuchs then ·declare itself in session.
Comrade BrnhJy was cloccd cha irman, ond Comp laced himself at the door . When asked if he we re
n member o f he ;id, "5th and lOth, as spooified in the r ade Coles secretnry. Comrade Heed then proposed
letter, he said defiant! )' tha t he was not, but would as the orJ er of business tha t the delegates of the
Executive Committee present be 11~ked to state the ir
come in 1( he JJieascd.
C r ossma n asked tire Comr;~ des to wa lk up to his reasons for s ummoning th is meet ing.
Beckerma n re p lied tha t until the registration was
la ble und nnswer a few questions.
"'Do )' OU believe in a n organiza tion "" ithin a n or· completed, the delegates of the Executi\'C Commit·
Ice refused to mukc i'UI)' !'tal~menl. C.ornmtfe ll~d
gnnizution ?" he asked.
Oue inuoccnt Comrnde r esponded firml)', "'No. I then pro posed thnt, pro ,•idcd the re~; i stra ti on take
think The Call should be contro lled b)' the Pa rty!" plncc in the room, the met:ting be sus llendetl unt il it
Grossma n imrnediutcl)' noted on h is list " Me mbe r was comple ted. Whereupon Becke rman nnnouuccd
of the Left Wing.'' Upon l1is demand to the Corn· thnt he had cha nged hi ~ mind, a nd that the n.--gis·
nulcs to g in! up their cards , o nl )· one Comrnde !rat ion woultl be cn rricd on in nnothcr room. and
complied arul ~he de numdetL it back shortly after · the meeting would be culled whe n he fe h like it.
Comrade Hralal)· was elected c hairman, and Comwa rd. 1\t the e nd, of thl! e\'Cn iug G ro~s ma n 's list
contirined a bout thirl y names, with the monotonous forma ll y dema nd from the Execut.i\'e Cummith:e
cornmcnl nfler all lmtt wo. " HI!fUSCi! to gi\'C UJJ card. de legntes the ir purpo:-c iu ca ll ing the mcctiuJ;:. a nd
if 1hcr refused l o ::t;rlc it , tha t the meeting ;rdjourn
Hcfu:Ocs to a nswer que::tions. 1.. W."
Comrade Urnhdr ke pt ath·ising 1hc ComradC!i in unti l the regu lnr Br:mch meeting on ,\Vedncsd:sy,
a loud voice to J'll)' no attention to G rossman. This l\hry Hth. T hi:: mot ion was \'Otcd on hy roll -c:~ ll,.
·
finrt ll y irria tccl C rossma n to such u degree thnt twe nl)'•:.even. l,e ing in fa_\·or 11nd th ree rigai ll!l.
In the na me of the Bra nch. therefore. Comrade
uftcr orde ring Dra ll(ly to lea\'C 1hc room. he fin a ll y
sun•moncd Fuclr!i, a nd sa id loudl v. '"Run clown· {Jfnlrdy rornrtt ll y ...tlcmnn dcd from lleckc rm.ln tllat
stairs to the C loak C utters and brir;g somebody UJl he ::la te the IHITJtOsc o f the E ~w·· u t i\·c Committee
here to clear this room o f peop le we don' t want in ca ~lin g the meeting: Dccke rmnn fl utl y refu :ocd.
here! ''
The Chai r the u a nnounced tha t s ince th<'re Wili' no
In 11 fe w mome nts a proce:;sion of s inister -looking bus ine:ss before the meeting. it ::huu J,I da ud mlindi vidunls with cau litlower cttrs fi led in. Qucs· journell. \~reupo n the Comrades !crt the ha ll.
TJu! nic rccnnrics o f the Exccut i\'e Committee,
tioncd as to whether the \' were members o f the
Sth and l Oth. the)' C\•nsh;e ly said that they belonged having fa iled in their " rcorgnn ization" sche me, de·
to the )>arty. Shortly afte rwa rd Bcckermnn nnd !ermined tlmt a more Cil rcful choice of Comrntles
P otte r a ppeared, fo llowed b)' the strong-arm must be mndc for the next meeting. Accortlingl)'
sqund from the 6th A. D. Brnnch. 1\ sked when the lette rs were again sent out. a nd this time t wo :111d n
meeting wou ld begin, Bcckermnn stnted that it half Comrntlcs gathered in the sn fe prcciucts of the
woulc,l begin '~· h en the Executi ve Commith..'C de le· Hand School on F'ridny C\'ening . ~ l ny 16th.
To date the proct:cdiugs ha\·e not been divu lged.
gntcs decided to begin it.
The r'necting hn\'ing been called for 8. 15 P. M., Dut we understa nd that the 3d, 5th nnd lOth A. 0.
nud there being evidently no inte nt ion on the pa rt Bra nc h h:as been bloodlessly " rcorgmri7.cd."
Mora l : The on ly peaceful way to " reorganize.'' a
o f the Oligrnchy to open the proceedings, nt 8.30
Comratle Uiophy, organize r of the BranciJ, r apped Brunc h is not to tell the members.
ad.
The Party Congressional Platform.
"
(Continu~•l
from pa6t 3)
pies," uud wuut nn "udcq uutc" ( '?) rc prcsentntion
of lnhor. We nrc nfrnitl thnl it will not hn\'C
enou~h powe r to mu\'C ngninst Hussiu, .aul het,ICC
we " demnrul.. l cp; fi~ l nt h·c mu.J udministruti\'C, ns we ll
ns judic inl fum:t iuuii.'' W e de man(rnn inte rnntionul
regu lation of the hours of lubor, thus g i\·ing the
Lcugue 1111 ndtlcd pretext for intcrfcriug in lnbor
Vi::;puti!s, We be lie\'C Llutt under Capitulism peace
nnd disurm!HIIe llt ure po!<s iblc, i\hu x: nml Engels to
the cont rnr)' notwith:.tamling. Wu worry uhout n
uniform monctu ry srste m lund , to phru~u it in·
e lcgtmtly. we feel sure that thnt wi ll 'put the pro·
lcturint ten ulu·ad " l . Wo C\'e n discuss co lonizn·
tion nnd fore ign iti\'Cstmcnt. te lling the Le ague how
to mannge these tw.u pesky nuttters, nuJ then exhort
th working cl .titsc..;, ~·f a ll nutionto to pcrc(•h·c "1the
nccessit)' of seeking'continunll y nnd ugt;rc.w 'r·•·!)· lus
in the. present phil form I to ~tX·ure contro l o f their
r~ pt.'C t i\'t; t;O\'Crmne...ll! tu the. e nd." T tl whnt end '?
Why to the cml that " these policiC5 (the l.engue,
disnrmnment, the uni\'c rsnl monetary syste m, etc. l
.•
~Jk~~~~~~i ~~~~~"~;1 oS,':~t', ~:~·\."! ~~~~~:r ~~~~~:~~~~~~~·:~~;~:~~'~~·;
their re!'pt'fth·e gt~\'i!rt;mcntto" fo r nny other pur.
pt)se.s!
'J'Iw P ln ~for m ~f lt•nk" 11f the ;,hi::turic· mi ~_;:.io u " of
the CK"illlist Patty ur tlu~ l'nitell Stnti!!< to ''prepare
the workc-bo of Anwricn to tnkc l)llrf in the ne w
frntcrnity uf lnbor.'' And I t ru::t I will he p:JC·
cloned for once more drugging in the nntiqu:tteJ
Mnr.x. who once snid :
"And to whnt doc!' the pa rty rcduee it :_.~ inu•rnn·
tiona li~m '? To the con.!'C iousucss that the rt.-:.uh o f
its"'efTotls will bu the 'intenHJtiorml frutcru i1.ation
of pi!'op l c~·-A phrn~e borrowt•d from the bourg<:ni.!'
)CflgUC of )lCIIl'i' {IIlli f rt..'C tlom wh i1•h i" ~u pp(t~C.tJ IO
pnss for the r<pli\'ttlelft of tlre inh; rnatinua l fr.:•tt~rni ·
zntion of the \\'~t rking clu~~~ it1 th.·ir commcm
!lru ~,:. lt• HJ:,nirut tht· rulir•~; dn.~M'j fi nd thrir g~·wrn ·
ments.''
··co~ct.t;~to~...
And now for tho twl• p:•rnl:!r uphs he.HI~d ·· .on ·
cl u:_.~ ion.' ' liNe wto lintlthe ''thcoretil"a l" p;, rt tlf tht'
progrnm. It begins f:w orubly. " \\'c w.m• t hl!
m nNJ.t'tl Uhc fi n .t t ime we hn\'e notice-d t hem\ that
tltc abow pro~m m \ lh'enty three p:t~~ {lr it • h:1s
rrfl•rt JWf' ton tl)'ing .toocial order.'' We cheerfully
announ<'t' that our "r«·on~tr ucticon" prvgram i~
hd~i~n~l It• n~i:;.l in the pa....sing or this bankrupt
s)·- tem of cnpitniL,m. . . . A complete t mn~ fornut·
t.i on i n~uy.'' Anything !hmt of this complete
trarufonnation -.·ill lead to a nother world tragedy
(rmd o f course that's ! II we a rc aiming to a\•oid).
But whnt complete trnnsforrnation ? Ah , here it is
- next to the lnst sentencC.' ':The ma in struggle of
the mnsscs is to SC('ure colltrol of these basic insti·
tutions ( whic h ?) nnd this requires an eductJrim• of
the pcopl~: to the tlf:f.."C$jify of $Itch control."
But class consciousness? Wh y that's nil concen·
trnted in tl1c l:tst sentence, which r hetoric ia ns ns.sure
us i~ the most effective ami empha tic Jl lace in a
whole p latfo rm or essa y. He re it is -note the class
lines-
•
" In this work of cducntion we im·itc the co·
o pera tion <tf all who recogni1.e the opportunities for
re-build ing the world on n IJasis of equ ity. de moc·
racy ma l fra ternity for nil.' " Whnte\'er thnt mny
Using the I. W . .W. Against
The Left Wing
T
HE SOCIALIST fo r Mny l :h h reprints a n nr ·
t iclc from the 1. W. W. puper. One /Jig Union,
attack ing nn nr ticl ~ in The Re r·olutionary A ge
in p a rticul ur. and the p rinciples of the Left Wing
in ~e u ern l.
T l1is is prec i~el )' the snme luet ic e mployed by the
t\'t·u· r ork lf'orltl to <1iscrcdit the Rus.sin n -o\·iet
Co\·c rmncnt by me:~ns o f the d ispatc hes of Bob
Minor. the nnarc.hist.
.
The Hi!o!ht Wing has no more s ympnth)· with the
I. W. \\'. th;m 'fh e Jrorhl hns with Annrclrism. o r
with Boh Minor in 1,nrticulnr. who was forced to
lcn\'e the W orM Oec.ausc of his radicttl opinions.
\~ 1 e :-hnll not :tt this time t:rke the opportunity to
nnswer the a rtic le it~lr. hut from a careful rending
of it we :m! dri\·en to \\'Ontler whct1Je.r, nfter all,
thl•re m:n · not he u difference hctwccn I. \\1, Wism
Htld Soci:lli~m more profou nd than ,,·e d reamed o f
- for nftc r :111. \H~ did not imagine tha t in funda ·
mcntnls we of the Le ft Wing wt"re 50 \'er y fnr
:tWn)· fro m the re\'Oiutionary I. W. W.
S:ly.:- the 11rtide in C'ne place litul ics ours) :
'"Be:-idl•,:;, """h\· ,:;hould \ \' C be in !'uch a hurr\' lo
imitate tht• Uulil~t.·\· ik.s? What fw,·e the \· done ·th at
~hould tnttk e u:- jump off our t ruck a nd follo w their
l e~td ? Thc•l· hat·r or·crthrou·n autot·raq· and tstab·
lish~l pt.llitiml demoeraC'")· /or the proletariat. Po·
•
Is this rea lly the I. W. \'f/ . conception of the Rus·
s inn So\•iet Government, o f the Proleta r ia n Dicta·
torsllip ? Is this reall y the I. W. \V. conception of
po litica l act ion ?
Workers' .Council
The recent conference of the Worke rs' Couricil
of the Waist nnd Dress Industry indicates 8
h cn lthy move on the part of a St.'Ct io n of Ne w
York's workers, townrd industria l democracy.
Wlmt was onl )· a few 'weeks a go esti mated at 8
me re handfu l of persecuted workers, li belled a nd
mis represented by the yellow :md so-cnlled r adical
sheets ulikc, mi raculous ly flourished a t this confe r·
ence to the pro po rtion~ o f over fourteen thousand
(ha lf the recognized industry) represented by 320
de legah..-s democruticu ll y e lected in the m rious
workshops.
At the conclusion of n two-dnr s ittihg. the follow·
ing mnni fe:.to wns unanimously ndopted :
MANIFESTO.
'' We, 320 Sho p delegates of the Waist ond Dress
Industry nt a Conference he ld a t the Peop le's House,
7 E. 15th Street, New York'City, May 3 rtl and 4th.
1919, rea lize tlmt Trade Unions, instead of hringing
,about c l n ss·con~iousncss and solidarity nmong the
workers nnd uniting them ogn inst their explo iters,
brenk them into craft groups a nd thc.rc br weaken
them ;mol sen e the interests of the emp loying class.
We nlso rc:liize that our emanc ipat ion from lifelong drudger y de pemls cnt irel)· upon our solidar ·
it\' .1nd class-consciousness.
· ··we, therefore, procluim to all 1he workers o f
the \l;i'a ist and Dr~ - Industry the ina ugumtion of a
\Vorkcrs' Counci l.
"The Workers' Counci l set.s out to educate a nd
organize the workers a long class-conscioiJS and in·
tlustrial lin{:$; to break the corrUpt a ud demoraJiz.
ing_ influence of craft -union officialdom ; to Jia,•e the
workers ready to go on with product ion when dte
time comes for them to take o\·cr the industries.
.. We urge the h'orkers in each shop Jo elect shop
comm ittees \\·h ich !'lm ll ndju::t a ll g rie,·tmces beh\·een the worke rs ;md their employer s.
' 'These shop conunillc..'CS :.:;hnll meet in genera l
conference:; to adjust pro!.llems concerning the en·
t ire indu~t r)'. The time has come "·hen the workers
mu~t· prepare t ~ take c harge of the indu~!ri~.
.
du:·~~>~~h~~!o~~~~f:~ f~~~~j,e~~or:;~s ~:n~~:r~~;:;
Work.e r.s' ounci ls. a nd ma nifest their a llegiance to
the ris ing solidarit,r of the \Vorkers the World
O\'er.''
!;tl i.J. If u·~ r,;a111 tlu: politico./ pott.-er, control of
The shop-committees are self·nutonomous, but
the porliat1•entary slOt~. all we luwe to Jo i..s to votl are joined in an lmlwtrial Federation for matters
ourult-es inlo power. ••
. pertaining to
U.d~ at large.
liticol fi(mocraf'y has exist~/ in th is t·ounlry for a
long time.• ll"t do nul hare to mak~ a r~t:olutlon to
.!"•
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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New York Communist, 1919-05-24
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1919-05-24
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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application/pdf
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en
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v01n06
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8 p.
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United States
New York
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Clearing the Decks
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New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/12658ddefa276c33f20d690b2e5bc5b7.pdf
bb00b9140daf47d9cd797870045f0e10
PDF Text
Text
75he
New York
COMMUNIST
VoL I, No. 5
t
New York, Thursday, May 15, 1919
Price 5 ceota
A Moderate Socialist Office-Holder
By Thr maa Leaderleaa
O
N Auj~: u~1 2b, 19 17. an Italian pneat named
Gul tan i, !.r id a reltFtu u., mef: tinJt on tht cor ·
w: r of UuJ10 p a nd P uller A\•e nue5 . !'.1dwa u l 0" . l t11laan '- (lf ~ IOf=tntn, h \· m~ 111 lhf' nei ghbor ·
b roud. ""h u lt:-lencd t u "'h 1111 L. u l1an t to.Mid, rettt'nted
I> U IIH' of In !>- r rma rl!. and hrd.led tht JHIC!'L
A" a
u·~ ult. I.J f th f' hrt"fl111 g L.uh~tn • t rrnun a ted h1 ~ meet ·
in F !Jut JHIIII\t-.('d to trturn thr full u ""l flJt ~ und ll) .
li n !'-unci ~•~ ~t ptemiJot r 2. Gult ant , "'' llh tu .. fol·
lu""t'r"', "I 'JH:'f:H' M.I o ..erond tune
n1
the
Mtme
ro rner .
!lumr uf the lt zt hhn "'' u t~er h "'!10 had ~ntrd the
p tlt· ~ t"~ n m 1H l1- th e ptf'\' t OUII ""'ed.:. \<I' Cte a gain
J ''e!!Cnl and Sjl:.llfl rLjt"('l ed tu Guila::.t'l!i t-tatemt:nlA.
l"h r pl!C"'I ... . ,!' for ced to cl o ~ hi~ me<>tm g nnd went
off . UIIIIO l! llC IOF ho v. e\'eT, that he \oi OuJJ CU nlC: A~llill
,..·ith polu.:e p t o lec"ll o n .
'
On thr fol lo "'·inp Sund a" . 5ept ember 9 . Gu ha ni
a ppea ll"""l r(J; ~: l e th ird I IIII(: AI B•:.h op and Potter
~;~:::·.~~~~·:·~~·;•• ~·i~~i:~ ;:,;·icl:o!:~:J,·e·:~~~.tr~~
~•rn tJ.,. ~ h uo tmF "'' " ~ U\'C I it "' a" found th at one
uf tht" 1t.1h:w .. "'110 had had the a lterr ntion "'·ith
t.ht< pru~ t . h a d ~n &h ot de..•d . I:III OUit"r uf them had
ba·u "' oundr c: '" o had l) U1at ht" ~l1rd 11.11 hour later
at the hu~p1 t td , and l \ol u pu hr cmru lut d I.Jote"n "'' '~!hi ·
ly injured.
A.. a re:oouh of the ~hootinf'!. dr-vm lt .t h an "''or kcr ..
(!II men and I "''um n n ) were taken in to c uatod y
and rina lh• held fo r tri:1l.
On :'\ o ~·rmll't'r ,l(l, (J,·r- wl"el!! after the ir arr~t .
D i ~ tn c t Atl ornt' \' Zabel, . tJ("'ia h ~ t. rn ml:' nu t "''ith h i..
chaq::e aJ!ai n~ thr eleven defcndan l!i ,..·)uch re11 d 8.\
fo ll o w,. :
" 1. Finfred C. Zazel, D i5trir.t An o rn e\' fo r Mil ·
"''.!IIUl.-:ot Co unty , hr re L)' info rm th~ Cou rt th at on
th e nrnth dar of Se-ptember in the yea r n int"t.CIC'tl
hundred and H'\'t"ntocn. at the ~aid Co unt\' of M!l ·
"'·n ul. ~ . \\· ,~onl'i i n , the ~aid defen da 1;L~ Peter
B1nnr hi 1h"e foll ow Ute name~ ur the od•er ten de·
fendnnu. · lft!itl ~ then llnd there armed "' itl1 danFC r ·
o ur "''e:tpOn". to \II' it : lon,Jed tr\·u h ·cn. d1d tht'n 11nd
thert· "'' it h ro rce .111nd vi o len<' ~ in and upon one AI ·
. , t nc n mp~cn t, Jnelt"\'ant tnd immttteria l. Objt~~>
lio n ovc:rru\<"<1.1
·
Q.- V. hnr ct. d ' ou hnd th~ JIICturc of the lomb
of thf- An a rcht~t.a ?
A.-300 lli !>hop.
t Ptn
urr- o firr~
mtr o dut~ )'_-...)
u mcn mp r1 ~n t ,
.
10
rndcrw::t .
Diruic:a Attor-ney
OhjccJed to
lwol.t. .!lind Jl•mph!eu.
ltrrlnanl and tmrna ter i•l. )
Cuun - (;enllcmen or thc J uq . a ll Uu•l5e pa~·
pll lr1~ and JI DJ•<: r,. &rr rrcel\·ed for the purpoa.e of
thr u W~ 111~ h,.:ln . tf a n~. un the J>ui.Jj«t of conspir·
acy.•
Jn"('ph A. lh dl r-"' ic1 tpo lice oiDc.erJ on ~tand.
lh d lr"'•ct - 1 found th1 ~ I.\\'. \\ . membership
h 11u ~ 11nd h Utt un m the trunl. of \ ' uwent f rAteMi .
I
I Hecrl\·r d in r,·iJt·ncr. and ma rked E1. 22.1
round t hi ~ mrmhrhh il' rar d tn the name uf A. fu ·
in nnuth cr lrw nl. in ahc t;u me at Z:i9 Ui•hop.
I Me m~ • . :,ip .11111d button rtceivcd I ll evidcnce,· a.nd
t e. .. ,
mark..! EL 23.1
Fraul. C~al4hro, "' it new- fur defeliK, c ra....-e.1 ·
am in('d hv Zai.H:I.
c .~~t u b r o- 1 d on't !J.elonfl to the I. \\', w.. but
luH (' lottn t:uiJtl·tinF for t.hem. I h11ve been circu·
J.~~t i ,,f thr .. ulo"(" rirt• on hH for the lh ywood or·
f 3n llRt JOn o r thr .
<Ci rcular marked Ex.
fJI 1 I d idn 't 11dmi1 to \\'c,.,.l o"''•l. i that l pa id
f. 2.foU a month to the I. \\'. \\'., 111od toent no mnnc:)'
to thr- m.
tObjtrtt:d to u : immaterial.)
,
Oim 1c l Att urnr' l.ahd- lt lihO "' " lhc att itude of
Ct'r1 run t~! th~ J ~p l(' towarrl th e· pove.rnmenL
1 \l otw n th.!llt th(' remark of the lJ1strict Attorne)'
be 11trir ken ou t. I
·
Court - Tlu· n:mark ..,..... ad drr..t.'Cd to tl1e CourL
w. \\',
introduced tht- lil.ltttnc:nltJ thu• ubtaiDed in ~
ag11imt the defcnd.anll u the trial.
, Euminatoon of L Amodeo , hy Zabel,
Ol pro~!..
tbe
~
Uary hearin~ :
Q. -H ow lon! do you bclon3 to
dub ?
A.- I don't hel<lftl! 10 the chili, but I ..,..t U...
~oever a l
tin-.ea.
Q.-ll ow lous lun you *'an anarchiot?
A. - r am · not an anarchiat..
Q.- \' ou hod o r;un laot Supcloy w~ .,..., olool
lhe oicc:r1 ?
A.-No. •
Q. -Wa• n't a f:UD taken (rom you ? l>idD't ,.. •
han d a (tHO to one of the otl1cr a.narc:hi.q?
A.- I had D :) rt: vo l•er. .'
Q.- An d th< ) •&rood to oo u t.o breolt ap
thi• nw.ct ing ?
A.- I don't lr.oow &nrtbins about it.
Eumi.ntlion of A. Pantaleoni, by Zabel'
*9·-l-lo.,
man y year• ha~ you
.tf' an~
A.-I De"'t::'W• •
Q.- You heloOj! to the anan:bi.t dub ?
A.-No.
[:u miuat io n of P. Nardini, by l.abCJI.
Q. -lf o \ol' many yeau are yuu a.n aa..rehil&?
A.- I nr\'er wu an ~ilL
Q.- llclon, to the club, dou't you?
A. -I never bc-lonr to the club, but ~
t.hcre "''hen
•po:ial ·~ •
m:.k.'
re wu a
Eumi nat ion of A. FrateNi, by Zabel
Q.-How man y yean art you an anardU.t?
A. -) wun 'l an anarchiaL
•
~i:·,i~t=t•';~ ~:f.· ~~ ~~.r
Q.-You helolllf to the elub?
the pu.potw: of ahowin·s
A.-No.
Eu.mination of P. Biant.h i, 'by Zahol.
G. A. Liui ISlatr wi tne&.!l \ on .und.
Q.-What i.o tl,. no.,. or the anon:hi.ol dub ,_
C. :\ . Liu i- The pirture of the penon in t.he up ·
bel
a
~
to ?
per ldt hand cornrr of Ex. 26 is C.111etano 8tf!J~Ci , an
A.-Italian education dub.
ana rr hi ~ !. thr m11n \lll hl'l kill ed thr k i n~E; of Jud y.
Q. -You believe i.n ba ring DO so~ JOI
H uml~n I. The pictu rr ~o th.: ri,ht l !l Ant onio
Oollnu . an Allltrrhi"l. TI1 c four ~tentlerncn in the want the ~ ove:nuoes~t o"U'th.rown?
A.-I heli.,.. in tboL
1
1
Jlirture hrlo"'· Bra<i are four Je paneee an.architb,
Q.-You want to kill ofl the.-. ?
and thr fnr to the riFhl of the Japanctoe arc
intrnt th cr. ll nd thcrci to mu rder them.''
·
· A.- I doot kill nobody.
-Geor{!" J:nfl:rl . Ado lph f i !<o~Jer, Lo ui 6 l.ing, Thea .
. i\o "'' ,..hat "''81" AO me of th e e \·idencc brouf!:ht for·
Q.- t.•.J..t.J -.•.•rldml y, w ithout in:trochac:Jt;. or
~pir-- and A. H. l'lllrMitno . Aho\e tho.c. at the top we
"''ard b,· 5odol i ~ t IJ i~t o c • Att o rne \ U.he l to con·
roun ection "'·ith what had sooe before. )
6nd " IK8-;' "- "There "·ill he a t•m~ "'·hen our ai ·
virt th o~e cJr,·en Mil ...·a ul.:a- wo rker~ o r tl1c crime or'
~'bat did yoU' ,do with your sun ? y oa Mel •
lm ce will be more powerru l tl1a n the voicea you
"A,..•;..:wlt "'·it h Intent to Murder." a crime , by th e
Suncloy.
w anl!-lc toda) ." In thr middle i.s a picture
\11'8\', nbt fuund on the stat ute boob nh\\' i!ICo n!in '?
-Nothing doins.
A.
f ranr iw: o Ferrer. at the lch hand comer a priCIIt.,
I f'h aq here f!.i ,·e ~amp I ~ of testim ony a.s found in
Q.- You knew tho othen lad op?
reprt'1'C'l1t ing him a!l the aMI'I !II.in of F'er rd . The
the officin l minutes of the trial.
A. -I d idn 'l kno w nobod y bad a pra.
man wi th the lonF beard i11 Emi lcar Ci pran i, who
J ohn F. \\'eRi o wP:i tpo licc officer I. on St.111nd.
Q.- Who 'fiflll Nid rou would 80 OYW' lJ.re ..d
hu been in pr i&<>n in h a l)· ..even l t imes a~ an an ·
Di~tri r t Au orne)' l.a.Le!, quc.tio ning the witnesa.
-.chi N. Thr man with lhe ~ l a s!ai lo the r ight i11 breoi up thot .-ing .
A.- 1\;obody : I woao't .;tb the btmeb.
Q. -\l.'here did you find th la picture ? ( Picture
An~ el i o. a n lt.alian an11 rrhi~ t and tl1e man with
f.umina tion o r V. Frau.i, by Zabel. . ·
of K..ul MaTL )
·
· th~ ca p in the lo"'·er left hand rCi rner ia Michael
A.- In the hail•
Q.\I loot time did you !"' to the' dub I'OOWI
Bal.:unin, a Huu,ian anarchi st. In th e lower ri ght
when tl1e rCI.!IIt of the anarehi.ta were then Scmd8y
Q.-The picture wllh the red flag on it ?
htmd co rner a Ru SA inn woman anarchial wh o wrote
afternoon ?
A.- Yes, t ir.
IC'Yeral pam phleta.
Q . -Han~ng in the hall?
Coon - The aip1i fi cance of th i11 rumc , red and
A.-Yes. tir.
blod. 11t ri pes runnin ~t t ranllv cr~~Ci y acrou the cor·
iPictu re offered and ftiiC.eivcd in evidence. }
•t cl ub room and t.hat they wefe all ~
ner i ~ that it meam Ll ood and de ~ · h .
Q.-Did you find any American flap or dnp ·
Dciendant DOl Sinll ehaDce \o csp\N.)
U i~ trict Att orney Za be l charge.-! the defend anU
Q.-'lrho1 did you do with yoUT l'tD?
inp in that b.aJI ?
with ha,·inft gone tc the ccrner mcetin~ on Sunday,
A. - I bad no Tn"olnr·.
,
A.-1"\o.air.
Scptemlx:r 9. anned with 'revolvers. and ha'-ing
Q.- Didn't you mood. obud ood tell the- tl&
:;;
and break up the mcdins ? What did yoa do
~r:edd .~ c.?;~~~r,~i7h ti~t=t' :;,it~~:;~~·' ::~ !D
with the 5\'D that AnpJo !ITe )'OU OD tbe ~f
thO"'e wa lla ?
certain pt'lli!"f: officen. Zabel contended thtt the:
A.- Nobod y sne IDe a reYO!ftl" . becetiiiJI I , .
A.-No, 11ir.
derendants were not onl y armed hut were the ore
(). -:wttere did you find the picture
thi• pn·
who atartcd the .hooting.
qumion11 ..ked &I once with
tJeman ?
Here ia aome tCI.!IItimon y un thO.C poillta by 111il· naturall y ezpcctcd to amwu onl r l.t 0110., '-riDe:
A.- It wu fotmd in the ball at 300 Biahop .
MIH1 for tAe proJccuJicn.
it for arp.ment to urp that he did DOt .........
Q.-Do you know who he it?
Maud R.iehiCT, witneY
proteCUtion , rra-firot one &nd that tberefo~ he .Ud uwdl 01 ...
A.- h wu JAJppoeed_ to be the murderer of the
esamined by defmdam '• lawyer. .
hood of the procoooion ood t<ll the,_, t.o hnok op
ltaliaD kin!. "I did DOl aee a'lybody hne aDJ pM be.idel 'the the IDOd:inS.)
'
Court-Strilte that - .
dcuctiYea. hut after the ahootias I NW !he two SUJll
( Picture ft!CCiYCd in CTidence. )
One of the . - lrr the dol- J...
iD the bands or the dec.cctivm and I noticed ahe deL.DOcxo. ""'"""'7 of the Italian !.nacll ol ...
· Q. -"-hc-re d id you find thi• ptdw.ro-LoWa
tecth•ce pU up anothu «''n after the ahoot.int."
Sor:ioli.ot pony or MJiwouoe. who l... arod .....
Ling. Augu" Spi.,.. ~·~· Enf'l, Adolph Fi.ober.
Corneliu. Pajot, witneM for pra.ecution.
"Cin:olo ru Stadi SoziaU" oa the SaDcloy ol ...
Haymarket anan:hi.ab, Cbtcaso .
... taw aix Suna but 1 d idn't tee a.ny of thc.c d&
A.- Yee., air; t.b.at wu found in tbe club roo~
fmdanll have .. pn or do any eel towards aD
that the clob. had
...... ..:0..
300 BW.op.
6oer lhue &bat day, DOT rai.e their baad toward ui
ooph' or .; pony that wu aot. ln ' oncord will.•Otlered ud .....,.,...! in ericloaco. Ohje<Jed to
o~cer :·
uehiot iduo, the lawyer lor the d o ( - Mr. R.w.,
-:-fbe "'ball' wu • , _ ill the: rur of • ..:Jooa at aoo Dommie Gernanoua, wimc. pra.ecutioa.
qumioaed 1..aDucca u follow. :
'
Bi..bop Me... M llwaultee. ued u the 1D'flldiJic ptac. ol aha
"I .UdD't - any of"- elevm clefaulanlo ha"
Q. -1 will ul< you whether or DOt II lo o pat ol
~! o d.1 S.udi Sori&li.- • dub lor the llludr ef ~
• po there."'
•
the
,......,1
och
....
of
the
Sor:,
i
allot
pony'
to
....
klenc:r'\o to which ..,.cral of t.lte dd 111Dd.ub bdo~~&.d.
~~z ~~~·~e;~t;~"F. ~·~1~:,ki~e~J:N:~ha!!~ur: ~:i ~
or
q
~n:~~~d~~~~~ '!:~ utme~at ...
~~~::rd
~;:;~J:n~fo~~geu:;~:;is~;:· ~~
or
••;f~o
del•dtl:;
ror
or-
"T:':t...
~
ror
wb.i.le a..
•
t
,._
oc:c.&Uooallr weol there to
IIMIII:I
lhei.r in-de
to p&r.Jcipatc iD aa~ ~ll Mid~ 1"b
::,;;:
raj~k af~~
: : , : :. .
..:.:
f....tu-.-..u....,~~o.-oo~~oo.
~ .;o!:!:::::r the~.!d.!~ifou~:-:3
~~·:.:~.-----
......
uy Praideat or praidi"' . - r
..!.?:/f' olo).-i ... 117 1.J.ol .....,.....
rc--;..11
�J
z
6h.r New York
COMMUNIST
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Socialiai Party
O....ed ...d c,.;ntroUed b1 Local
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43 Weal %9th Street - • - New York City
Stabbi.ag Soviet Ruaaia
SevdETIM£
ago "'e called attention to the recru·
desoence of frimdlv "'' ords about So,•irt ltui<iia
eaaatios from American Go,·ernmental sources.
Stdl'em, Weyl and Hullitt, M"nl l o Moscow by Lt,e
Pra.ident, returned to Paris "' ith enthusiutic re·
ports of the Proletarian Dictatorship; and temi·
o&icial repons from \\'a:;hington indicated tha t it
WAii only a queo.tiun of time hefo re the So·,·iet Govemwenl .hould k recognized Thi5 11ppeared the
· mare probable from the treatment accorded "Com·
ude Ma:1eru by the authorities, to.•ho tlat ly refuted
t• prohibit his activities hete.
Howe•cr, we had noticed in the p85t that when·
C'TCI' the United Stale5 Government gne vent to
amicaLie &entimenl5 toto.·ard So,·iet Ru.!'sia, this J c·
tiun waJ almost im·ariably. follo"·ed h)' some par·
ticvlarly outrageous attack upon the Russ ian people.
S. we warned Ru!osia to "keep her hand on her
waob."
Tlle oew offem;i\·e heralded by the Bulliu-Steffene
In concer1 with the
, GowCI'llmenl.oi of England and france, the press reporu &bat ~ Go11t"rnnu:n1 of the Uniud S rateJ iJ
GbOCU ro reco&ni.:.e the Kolch.ok a.utocracy GJ t~ de
facco Go.ernmen.l of RwJi.tl .'
Already the \Vhite Guard Go,·ernment of Fin·
la.od, headed by the butcher Monnerheim, has been
recogniud by the Allio-including America. The
papers repor1 that fifty thous.ard . Finns uid Allied
troop• bne been concentrated at Helsingfon for
a.a au..ack on Red Petrograd.
Mi..tiioo is oow dew:loping.
The new organ of t1•e Uthonion league I which
U. compotot"d o r eirht«:n bankers and business men
wh.., •ant lhe Allied bour~eoi~ie to guarantee their
ri(ht to e:.:pluit t11eir o •••n ~p ie I announC'Ci that
the United States Go'·ernment has l9•med the
f..Qhoniao Pro •i~ ional Go,•ernment •orne S20,000,·
QOO, •ith whk h to hu)' clothing. munitions and
gu.n& to supiJIY U•e .l:..sthonion 'White Guard! in thelr
attadt upon Soviet Runia from the west.
I. the eut the United Stoles Go,·ernment is aid·
in& llbe dictalonhip or 1\.olcbak. tJ,e t.sarist, the
mau..ssassin who de:~troved e\·en the remn •ml! of
con~itutional f(O\"ernmeni in Siberia. Eight thouN.Dd A.mc:rican troops an being ..e:nt to murder
Ru.sian worken and peasants, and de:~troy the go\'·
=~~t~~eupR::.:!1:~: a~~ ~e:·~=~:~~h:·olj'~it1ed
s,..rs Government is co-opt:nting with the: Finnish
White Guards t~~·h o butchereJ !le\'enty thoUsand
worken in one day, with S"·edi•h. Danish and
~onote:cian bourgeo1s volunteers. many of whom
foas~Jt in the Gennan ann)' dur~ng the· "-'~r. and
with the uploitert of the ~pie m the Bah1c Pro·
•i.noel, the pro-German" and the Tu..ritl!.
The Allies' Breat-Litovak Peace
TH£ clel0111.. of "'Socialist"
Germany. headed by
dut ~imy-h.lnded proletarian, Count von
Btcx:&dorf-Rant.z.au, hne, reached ) 'e:raaillte, and
the: t«tD& of the Ju.tt Peac-e are: out.
By them German)' is di&nlembered, ruined, fon:cd
t• pay ttasgering punitin :ndemnitie. (the first tn·
au.J....,t to be $5.000.000). and garriaoned by
AIIM:d troops \J:ntil the pa)'tnmU are complete:.
We&~ Pruuia and D.uuig are: split off for the bene~t
oC thr: mock-Stote of Poland ; the Saar Vallel· ta
prac-t ir,.lly handed o\·er to the French capita lata
to uploit t~ i dt't Al!>acc·lorraine); the Gc.rmao
colonic. art tal. en awa)· ; the German army and
nary Me reduced permanently to the sUe of the: New
YoR police furce ; ec.rn;an rivtt~ ue ..intematioo·
al-.1"; German will walla aro b:nken down ; ODd
.I
The New York Commuaiat
• Jtrip of territory fifty IUiomelen e:ut of the
Rhine is forever " demilitariJed."
Thus, .. peace on the bvis or the fourt.eren Poi nt~..,
promited h)· our eloquent Lut indTective Proidco~
and conc urred m Ly thf' Premiers of t11e \'irtuoua
We5tem Po"·era. Thu!io the •·victor y of democracy
over autocriK'y." As Bernard Shaw predicted long
ago, the \'ictorious l 'o t~~·e:u have acted as Germany
" ·ould have if &he had "-'un-and perhaps a liule
worse. Again and again the le:;.son is being driven
home t~~· ith terrible: di stinctn~e, Cor a ll the world to
read : Power LJ rM only lhing u·hich counlJ ; AlighJ
U R•glu.
The position or GerutlUIJ' at this time: it 11n elo"JUellt indictment of "Modera te Socia li!!m." Hayins
their bed "·illt thf' capitali11t dua,
the Kaise-r SocinlisL" in control of the German
Go,·e:rnmtnt mu!-1 lie in it. Better to cringe under
the "·h ip oC the Allied imperialist nation:. than to
5ubmit to the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.
c ho~n t o rnaJ,;e
Russia hning c ut adrift forever from capitalism,
r Ose frum defeat rdrethed a nd powerCul, with
allies in all the countries of Lhe world. Starving,
disorga nized. r inged 'round with enemy natioD.J.
ahe combats the world. Germany. t~~·ith thousand.
of " ·ell ·trained troop!!, great quantitief! of war-supplies, and 1!!\'er• food!, leam upon the shaHered
aword of her broken capitalism, "·hich is turned
onlY attainst her own proletarians, to subjugate
them to thr. cruel conditioru of a conquered people.
The Peace: or Bi'est - Litov~o.lr. defeated Imperia l
~rmany. It t~~'aa the t~udden rC"n lation of the hn•·
ocri s~· of German ambition~ t~~·hi ch dt!itroyed the
morale: of tite German armies. Said Genenll Hoffma nn. ilte Gerona n military re!>reKnloti,·e a t the
Brbt-LitonL: Conference, in an i.n:r:-:iew "·it.h the
correspondent of the Chicago Doll)' Neu:J, publi.shed
March
1~:
ti~nina 1h~ puce wi1h lht Dohh"iki
d iN'u,·rred 1ha1 ..,.r had bern conq1J~red br 1b~m inttud
of h ...in1 conqutrtd tl•~m. Our Yiclor iou. armr became
rouen wi1h J~l.t.e..itm. Our miliurr machinr became lhe
puntin~: rrtU of Bolth"ill propaJandL \\'e did nol da~
lu .wd a corpt of the Cerm.ao &t.hnilti 10 the ,.,.ten
w~
"lmmediaul:r upon
h unt ..
"
The Peace or Versailles, heulded with so much
idea listic ca nt, tum! out to be- more dispaceCul
than the Peace of Br~ - Lito\'sk. The ma~ks Jta,·e
fallen ; the oCt-repe.1ted "demoCratic" war-aims. of
the AJiiC"S appear in their true colon--an ignoble
~e ramh le for the loot, a bandiu ' peace.
'\\'e Socia li.sts rejoice at iL \1;:e feared that per·
hap!! Wil.~on's amooth h ypocritical phra!le5 might
be embodied in the peace treah·, to dece:h·e the
world u i o its rea l nature. We Were anxious lest
e\'en now, afttr 50 m an)· disillwions, the European
and American " ·orldng-clau mi~ht be won again
b}· the plausible slo,aru o r Uberali.sm.
But now .,.,.e need not worry. There I:- tltf'
ahod:ing doculJ?ent in all its coane literalneu. It
mattera not .,.,·hether the German delegate. aign
or no. The Social Revolution ia «r1ain.
A Coalition Co~vention
MR. JAMES Dl'NCAN. ,·ice-president
of the A.
F. of L, is quoted u uring that his orp;an iza·
this Debt will be releated-becaute Of hia .dnaoing ·,·eara. But Debt baa publtcly lUted thlll M
d001 ·not want tuch • parrfon, that be will DOt -...
cept it unlet~.S all pol itical pri.a,nen are freed. aad
~I ;,. very douhtful i! he t<~'o uld a.cccpt a.ay releue •
the handt of men like Duncan. He, lilto m.ay
ot11ers of our impriaoned Comrades, baa al.&lcd thG
the workers them..-eh·es &UUit releaac him.
H the Patty is really in e&rnut aboat t.bc lihs-ation or ~e politica l priaoner•, thr:n we mu.t or~
ize along Soc1ahst and rC'\·olutionary labor IU..
TI1ere has been enough talk, actioc ia ncx:e.a.ry
n ow, and "'e CM aafely lell\'e the pleading and the
pardoning to the "Libe:r&la."
The mon~y wuted in aucb a convention could be
:~~et~ ·~~~1 ~:~~~~~i: o;r,f~ln~eth:o:::r
power, of Lhe economic might of the clua corucioat
worken. Let the "Liberals" take their own c our~;
our cour~e is clear; the Sociali51 and revolutionary
labor movemen~ mu.!lt act on thelr own raporu.i·
bility. Only in this way can we achieve, reeulta,
and give due honor to thoee who are aufl'erln8; tha:c
the cauae of Sociali..m may live and thriTe.
Tactics of a Desperate Oligarchy
T
HE a&atement conce:mins the Left Wing. iMued
by the E:u :cutive: Committee of Local New York
and printed in TM Call, i.s the crownU.g 8ol..1 of 1
aeries of illegal erpedicntA to pre!lerVe the power of
a little group of political ~ in Local New York..
Ev~ry branch where a Left Wing majority hu
r ecentl y made ita avy.:.arance hu been nrthleuly
disrupted by the ..mac hine." Ae;aimt the will of
the majority of the mem..be:ra of the 17th A. D., the
2nd A. D., and the 8th A. D., the: Exa:rJtiwe Committt"e has ordered a "reorganiution" , which meana
the d isenfranchiM!ment of most or. the memben of
tho.c branches. Without daring to riak a referm.
dum, the E:recutive CoPnmittoc hu di~patched punitin expeditions, UJua lly headed by WSociali..st"
Aldennen, "-'ho have locked headquartn-a, and in
one case, at least, carried off the furniture with t,he
help of the police.
The&c petty larceny proceedings, hown·er, han:
u i~ a storm cf protm wholly out of proportion
to Ute resultt achieved. 1bcrefore the Executi\·e
Commillee has c:'~ided to make a clean aweep of
the entire Left Wing, and for that purpoee hu
oppointed a committee ..to reorr•niu Local New
York." This tneGns, kJ expd ol brOIIChu on.d Gll .
mtm~rJ
affiliaud w:ilh tM Uft Wing orgGnWSlion.
The petty political howe. in control of the }d.
ecutive Committee, who dominate LocaJ New York.
aabliahed long ago • ".c.cering committee"
of their O.,.,'ll, which effectively blocked Gem.
ocratic action in the Party here for yean..
It U therefore hardly consistent for them
to accuse · the Left Wins of action b y caucus. They have deliberately oppoeed Party eon·
trol of the ollicial Pany p,....; tbey bo.. mado
usc of every parliamentary trick to thwart the will
of Lhe ranJd and file : they hue held up (or month,
the application card! of MW zDem.be:n., and put
them through the tl.ird de~ u to their opi.oiom
on labor organization; Lhey b.a•e .equimced in the
formation or po litical cliqute on the Eut Siric,
and the establi5hmc:nt of • system o( patrO~. hr
means of which ..good" Comra.det were .u: '?n
lecture tours and <i•e~~ job. u ..orsanizcn" in
Socialill uniolll.
tion "-'ill ha\'e noth ing to do with the strikes threat·
ened on July .Jth in protest against the impri10n·
ment of Eugene V, Debs. He p:oe!i on to '"Y: "We
do things in a regular and legal fashion and do not
enJt&ge in Right)· outbursts ; we have agreementa
with our employen " ·hich we: intend to ca~ out.~
It ia as a protest a,ain• theee methods that 10
· Apart from the fa ct that Mr. Duncan by impllca·
tion thut d~ what Conf"'C5.1 wanted to do hut many of the rank and file b.aYe joined the l..d't
dared not-decloret &trikes to be ille@:al-apart Wing . And to thia perfectly legitimate mo.-anent
from the fact that he annountes it to be the polK-! ,..-ithin the Party the boMce oppoee atroos-arm t.-c:·
of the A. F. of L. to support the employen a gainlt tU
tlae workers where, thr ouPt the legl!l trickery of
At the last Cen1ral Committee meetin~. wbm the
union lu.-yeu, the "(Otkera are ~ a ,u inal each police had finally been brout:ht in by Ri~t W"inpi,
other; apart from tht!!oe facb we would like to know Karlin suddenly announced that there: would be
to.·hat the officia ldom of our Par1y expect' to gain no more meetings until ca lled by the Exeeutift:
from a com·ention in which people of this llripe Commiuee. No motion UJ tAU cffeel lOGS n~rr math
and or,anWtions which tuppor1 them, will be rep- or voted upon. And no molion w.w rver lrYde or
retented? Debs has been quoted to auppor1 the voted ~pon w .,empmoer tuWl in.sti-uct &M Euaa~ipe
idea of the Amnes1y Convention: T~ Milwculue Committu to reorltJnize Locol Nnu Yor.l" "llM.e ·
Uoder editoriallly chast i~ the Left Wing for op· lt.atement., tu Gil o&Mr ~ of f-a in lAe
pO!ing pa.rtK:ipation by the Party in auch a COO· Execv~ive Commillft'• rrwuaife#o, are penocniottl
\'e'SIItion, and aug@'ell• that we are obrttructinl the of the truth.
work of. releuing our impriloDet\ comndel by .o
The· Left Willfl ia c:harpl with ~ oil
doing.
ideu of democr~~ey... lt ia true that we ridicule
It ia ~rally ~ted. that the political prUoo· capitalist "democracy," which is mfftl7 aD imtnJ.
en will not be released U.Dtil the work.en releue ment .of the rulins dut tO o1preaa toe W'OI'bn.
them. To tho.e who do not aoecpt thia we would It ia this kind of "democ:rocy which ia clefondod
cite the Mooney Cue. And the only way the woTk· by the Uecuti.fe Committee---. form of ~
en can b_ring preuure to bear i• thr.9ugh thfl m.er· meat which permita them to retain OODb'ol oW!f
cite of their economic power. through the ~~:eneral the Party for thelr printe bme6t, and pre"'f'aiU the
11tri.ke. But Mr. l>uncan announce~ in advance that rank U>d file from dictatins Parry policioo. Thia
the A. F. of L wiH· hne nothing to do with the ia wby the Risht WiDs. wiUch ·boa . _ for ,_...
senu•l ltrlke for thia purpo.e. The Liberal organ· or8;aniud in • cloae aod II!ICl'ell machiDe. objeco
iutions who 'will be at the convention ban oo eco· wh.., the rank U>d filo ors..U.. opcaly ODd ill
nomic power, one of the apoketmen of the labor accordance · witb tbe t>. Socioliat prooodoala.
mo\·ement aaya l1bor will not move, therefore the
convention will aimply be a talkins 0\.lchine. 1nd
h is bec.tl.LIC the Right Wi.osen are DOt ret"o)a.
at the bnt "·ill pUI a few weak resolutiootte.ld- tiooary Sociahtta that we refa.e to rubm.~t IDJ
longer to their donuoatioo ; il l8 becau.e they an
ing for amne.ty or pard on, wh ich wi II be
own
pOled Social
that they IDDal
in o5cial wute buk.eta.
Perb.apt 'it may ~ 0 P
to
WD
P.
influenoe 1 partial-pardoo. wiUch iJul.icotioDI poiJit . Lot the~ Eo~ try .. ..._........
will be the !"_,._I f"licy, ODd ,...ybo UDder Loco! New Yotlr: If II doreal
�The New York Commmdet
S.
Sov.iet Russia's Re-d Army
•
An Interview with Sklandaky, Auiatant Commiaar of Wu
By Michael Puntenold
A ,..oniegian Soc:lali.at Lawyer Now in Rue•i•
. ~1 o-;ow, february
K R£~1~~N
~ m•lltary h ol1d~y all
Ruuta . h
Red Oa/ils and pennant.! are w.ving in the atreet.a
and the emblerru of the arm y are t.hining red 0\'er
the mi~ht)' pot1 a l!1 of th~! 1\.remlin: Symbohc r.o l·
d 1er p lacud!o illll.!ltrate the )'e&r • work accom·
pl i!ihed by the "Krasn y ( Red) Army," from all
l11e r o o f!~ of the hou ~. ~hile Red Guard t.old ien
in gr a yi f h · b r o~'tl un ifor ms are r att ling th eir ('O I ·
lo::ti on ho ;xes and pinnin g the Red Army buttont
on the coa t lapds of a ll those "'·ho give. In honor
o f the da\·, I ha\'e inttn· ir~· rd Ta,·ar ish Skl a nd ·
My, a~sh.~ nl Commi ssar of \\' nr, concerning t.he
re- ulta of the "'\\'orkrra' and Pea~onb' Hed Arm)·"
in its work for the pa! t yr.a r. The Mi ni ~ ter of
War, Peop le'!! Commiua r. Tr ot.sk~· . did nnt reach
home a(ttr his inspecti on trip on the Uk..rainian
fr ont ~ntil thia evening.' Equipped with
the necesSary propusk {admiss ion card ) ,
· I made my WA)' pa!lt the Guard! and ma·
chin'e guna ·until 1 reached hit repreeenta·
t.i,·c, ~· h o wu aining in the peat apanmerit in " ·hich the All Russian Min ister
of War at prnent has h iS headquarters,
and studie! the latml report! from the
fron l!. Skland.sky is a man of fully thirt y
years of age, a physician by profa.sion .
Durin g the "'81 be was a.uigned to the
een·ice with the unitary corp1. wu elected
after the March revolution to various .ol·
dien' CC'u nc il &, and . u ' earl y u r\ovember ·
28th, 1917. became. the teeond in aen ior ·
ih· in the Comrnianriat of War (army depiutment ). A phy1ician with a qu ictl y,
energetic. civilian appearance. "But I
have been able to acquire a' little of the
mili.tary trad~for the uke of my com ·
rades. Here· en:ry man mutt do what he
can. You can get a better idea of the mi)j .
tary . eituation from the @:t:Jleral nair, but
I can indicate a few genera l view·point.a.
..The r:eatest accomplishmenu of the
Red
are the victcyie!l "hich we
gained in the Donctz regi~n oYer the arm·
ie!! of At&Ihan Krunov," declared
Sklandsky. ""'Thie U of sreat political im·
portance in the fint place. aim:C Krunov
and hi s pr.uant CoMacb ha't't beret 9fore
been the most powerful fa ct or in the coun ·
ter·re:volut ionary movement, and have
reall y hee:o a danger to Soviet RwsiL
From an economic atandpoint ~is Yictory
mean• that we have now openc:~ a path to
the anthracite 6e:lds of RUNia in the:
Donet.z ~aain,
have thus ~ pros~ of
once more opem.ng up our mdtl5t1Jal IC ·
tivity. We han here gained poeaeaeion of
the boot dcTeloped r.Uiway ,,.._ with
ra.ilwav con.n«:tion to the C.DC1bUS a.JMI tbe
oon1iderahle eontinpnt of Red ~
there, which formerly were obliBf'd to communicate
writh the main army over terrilory in which there
wu not .railroad communication. Krunov'a Don
C....W have boon · complaely cfuorsani"'!L
Whole tegimenu are de.ertins to ua, Jed by their
company commander.. whilo the ltafl' e5cen.,
knowing n:ry well wliat puni.hmcnu aWait them at
our hands. rema.iD with the ezw:my. A. to the ai.c
of Kra1nov'a army? It c:crta inly i.a DOt u high u
one hundred thouaand. which U the 6pre uaig'led in foreign counria At most., M:Veral t..i.mm
ten thouaand. And the population i.a eomplainin'
that t.M.e .oldiera are Kt:tting drunk and harry·
ins the country. We con1ider t},e ~ tomo-
an?
Special Corr~pondent o£ the Soci.a.l Drmolrrak~ a )k,~siu Left Win« Soc.i.a.liR p.,_.
2S.th.-T~ay it. pre.Ai\'1' getlure. "On the Ura l fr ont al.o, we hne
OYtt Sov1et
1!1 the f1nt anmveraary o r the Red Army.
Ar'!
&A
Conad:~.
But thet.e Co!.J!Ch
connection whatt.\'U
have uo military
with Lh Don Cow.aclu · lhe
connection ia at m oH a 'r;piri tu al' one. With the
co oqu~t of OrenLuq;. the pD!!!o ibilit y wu obtained
fo~ ~tablihhing: cun ncct ione "''ith Turlr.estan. The
ta1lroa d from Orenburg to Tuhkent ia, however,
pr~l )' "·ell torn up, and a number of banda of
Whue Guards a re etill IIDrrying tht: line uf the
r ood. Hut ~oo.·e tihall rtstore order there in a few
da~··· TI•e great majo rity of the li ra! Couac~ are
dieband ing the.i~ armies, an~ ~o«m wi llin g to be·
t'O me decrnt .-: tltt:Jlll· of Smm:t Hu n ia.. The rem·
nan tll of t.h eir . m3in ' fort'e e r~ withdrawinJ; in a
\IO'CStrrly d1re.;t• on a long the ndge of !he lira) towa rds l'r.k , nnd the day5 of the latter pl ace are,
nurnhtred. They are t.eatt ered dh·it ion•, much
wealer in practice th an U1e Don CoM>&cb . In
Tu r~et-t a n " 'f' ha\e m ill ions of poods of cotton,
"'hich i!l the nocestoar y raw materia l for our prinri .
plr indu t.tr~· . nam e !~· . tex tile man ufucturet..
But
it is not ou ly our White Guards "''ho are looking
with greetly eyes to"'·nrd T urkestan. Lut a ls-o Enf!.·
land '"' imperiali11tic ca p,i ta li tim. It i!" not ' im.,ow;ihle that "''t .. hall co ll ide with t.he Eng li!lh in the
::.e.'l rch for cott on. ~uy ~n ~lil: h long ago took po5lt::!i~io n of B11ku on ~pian ~a ~· ith il5 grea t
napth a and oi l "·elk It is u id th nt the)' a lread)·
ha\·e fift ~· to 11i xt y th ousan~ men there. and that
the T urki! h troop!' h a n~ there t lto united "·ith their
en e mi ~ ' o f th e woriJ v.•ar.."
~~·~" So,•id Ru .sia any v.·ar·t.h ips on the Cupiaa
0 ( the Votp fr- ... ·
yood Perm in the. North, all the way do . . to !lla-
took the enlin diatrM:1 eut
mara in the South.
They obtained re-i.nfo. . .
mt:Dll fr om Kolchak'• Sibttian d ivlsi oM, '&Dd _.
ckr Kolchak there pte\'&ila a .evere Caari.e ~
t.a.ry . dibC'i JJi i ~e. Hi• extreme))' yoWl! oloen• . .
afra1d of bem~a-..·ept dowp by their own tol~
and therrrllre mu!t "·ith " k..adaYt:r .. ditcipliDe llllllk
to pruent an y unde:ntandi.ng ui the · political aitaat ion. ~r om re.ching the un informed prJYata. I.
add11 10n to mont:)' Md ammuniti'on, they aJao
receh·ed rr-inforcc.ment.a frc-m time to time fro.
••yes. and "'e h8\'e a lao • f1rm hold on the ..eat fran ce, England and .other Entente powera. ADd
of A.strakhan , at the mouth of the Vol~a. "'·hich hu the~ie a re very much nee-ded, for m<MI
the Caec:»ai"'A\'!1 been in our pouession.
·
S io''.W are tired or thtrir OM"D mcn:::a:JIII'J' ldey
" \r,e no"' c:omr to our third front , namel y tht roen·Jces, , and are alrud y on tbeir way home ·
Ctecho-Sio\'ak fr ont . The fact that thoc Cz.echo- throu~hout the length o£ the Siberian nilroad. We
Sion.U. and Yu~ o-S la\'5 from Awt ria are operat i'!tt have thrown back the Kolcbak army all tbe ...,
from the llral regiona down to 1,be Dre:ip.
borhood of Zlotoutt. Howerer; they .W
hold Penn, which fell throud> ~
On the Arcbanrel !root, the t~
li•h and Americans, u i.a well bowu., a.ft.
a private fro~t of their own , the object ol
which is to cut UJ off' from maritime co.mun ;eation b)· way f/1 the White S...
Si mult.anoously, the Eoteote Ialka aboaldesiring to inteneoe in any way ia . .
affairs of Ruasia!
"On our fifth froo( the Finoith frGIII,
Manoerheim i& coller:tins bio While
Guarda for a posaible attad on Petrop-acl.
-but he mull wait for thel aipal to h.
gi•·en by hie Eol<nte fri<11da. 11u1 clo.'
for~ thai there are alao Red Finz&
""ln EstJionia, White Guard. an: in ~
er. In additi on to the FAhoo.i..aM aDd a
few thouKnd fi.nn.a. ~e here Wid alao a
number c.if Swedcs. And behind &bD fru~~~
here alao ia of coune the EDleate..
ailuation in E.t.bonia i.a not the moat fn.
orable for w, but hen: alto the ~
that ~ operating aeem to be iD ocr
favor. Narva ia already wi1hia r&a«e ol
our «Una. Latvia (Kurland) it eatireJyla
(IUr hand!, u U alto the ~ · portiOD ol
Lithua l"'ia and White Ruat~· Aad iD dr.
next few days, thc.e two pro~ daOwil.l
be cleared to the bouodoriet of A.land. and the tOriet ...p.w, will ho ,;.
c:sta blished. The Entente 'tried to fCJ~S •
continuoua banier -«ainst the Bolaherilt
bt<illut, but I doo't think thor ba... ~ed-for we are in comqumic.atioa wim
Ccnnany through Livonia ud Ka:rlad."
r,....;ob, Sklanchky bore liBbtlod • dlt
ardle before pro<>etdins to .... f . tubjoct of ~II Sorid Rl*ia,· ..._,, dlo
of
Eote-
n.
f t l W'*t 0" T1D n..t.C.: D '"COMiftHIC'" Alnl ,...
WOU Olf 1'1U WAU. • '"c.unAUNt..
•Ions our oatem bound..iy i..n , Siber~, i.a u a IDIII·
ter of fact ono of the moat remarkable aocideola of
the world war ! They came lo ua u priwmen of
war, but i..n the 1111l few mont.b. of Curi.am. and
particularl y uoder Kcren.lty, • sreat oumbtt . of
them were liberated and anrM'Jd, namely, tboie wbo
were willina lo co-operate with Ruuia asainw. Au.
trian and German lmperiali.am.. • Afrer thtt,revolu·
tioo of November, 1917, wheo the Bo1 obniJU
aei&.ed power, our 1ovenuneot wanted lo •hip them
bon.e ap:ain by way of S iberia and Vladivoa.to~" declared Skland.ky...TheCaa:ho- S iovWc~weameun ·
der the inRuence of the'\\'hite Guarda and the mem·
ben of the diuolvcd Conatirucal Aaaembly,.. coD·
~f:!: ~bC:.oubfr=~ ~ ~ob~ 1!~ ~:_(!;! 1 d:~l;t.:~to~.LJ,ot ,z;:;;:;!;ft!i
ally to the aanh." clocland Sk!udtlty, wilh ao a - R-ia. AI ~--
thor -
wial. sr-i - . 1\oy
Ukrainia.o !root.
-a.;
.
" UkraiDe! nu.;, ...... ly .... tic bomoland" of the Uttle lt..a. OC.
bua it;, lint ...d f o . - .... sr-I sr.-y
from wbieb coma our brud.. ADd wUl word 'II
the RllMiaa langua,e hu aucb a fair aoud 11t ~
time ao the word KhleO.-bnoad. 11Uo ia onolo lo
the banJo ery of tJo, Red Azmy.- "
We took u automobile ride !"it.b the Pr.icll.a el
the Moecow So,iet, Kameniev, io a mi.1itary _..
pot.t al eleven o•elock in the monaiDt. iD ..,__ .t
the lint aooi....ary of the Red Army.
"1'bert~ won'l be any parade ; the people _.. •
buoi!TY," up IaiDed Kam...i.... the •• , . no~
tie ery" of Khleba, it uolonUDately oolyloo ..U.
tic a bockcTouocl.
I wao Dot ....-pn-1 ....
SUanchky bad to I~bt oOt ooc, bat two c;pr..
~
r-..
tiuoqb wilh oDo ......
f,r-. ...
.
1
. (r.-•-'1
I
�The New York Communiat
4.
Wny Political Democracy. Must' Go
I
B,. Jolm Reed
II'Ar PoliJicol Dtmocroey Mwl Go.
•
URI I'iG th~ War the American Labor Unioru
were anacked under-the pretense of ..military
necessit y," tlu~ ir union t t'p-ulotioru broken
do wn, and results of )·ears of or~an ization wiped
out. Plead ing .. patriotism," the employers' auociations represented in the Council of l'iatinnal DefcnM: and other bod ies aecured the ~~ouspens ion of
D
labor legislation in &orne ~otates. Men who were
yersistenll y acti\'e in la bo r o rganization, or who
h iled to buy LiLerty bonds or contribute to the
Red Cross, were thrown o ut of " 'otK, and rendered
liaLie to :he Army draft. Whole 11riking factoriee
were threatened with inst_a nt conacription into the
Army. In &arne parts of the counlt)' &uch workers,
not only for opposing the Wftt, but even for OJ;lpo•·
i.og r.he rut.hl ~s pro fi teering of employen, were
blaokliited by the Counci l! of !\iational Defen.e,
At the &ame time pri\·ate pol ice 'and detecti\'C organ·"
iutions, composed of businps men agd manufac·
turers, and aulho rized by the Depanment o f J Ul·
tice. used their po"·er to c rush labor organization
wherever possible.
.Tbe Government created a jqint body of workere'
u;~d cmployen ' rc:pre.entath·es ca lled the War La·
bor Board, to M:ttle industrial di!putes. In many
c~
t.hc: awards. pr ~ umaLI ~· binding upo n
Ute empl oyers, were either accepted and not
applied, or else parti.:tl! ;· disregarded.
The
mo51 po"·erful cor por ations, such B..!i the United
S tates Steel Corp('lration. "·hich ha~ al"·ays resisted
w;!h terrorism and brute fo rce all attempts of il~
employees at oq::anization, the Wa r Labor Board
did not dare openly to aff ro nI.
Protests of the .,;,·o rker!> Of%:aimt unfair a"·ards
of arbitrators during the War "" en:: met by defiance
an~ threats ! ro m Go\·ernment offteia l ~ uch a.s the
Hat rd usa! of Charles P iez, Director of the Emer·
geo<"y fleet Corpo ration, to recon~i dc:r the ~1 acy
award to the S hlp)'ard Wo rkers of Seattle, and his
ferocious .denunicntions of the men.
.
TI1ea-c mea~ ur e.o; proct:eded fr om atl Admin inra·
lion wh i<-h O r ~n n i:r:r-d Labor h3d united a lmost t.olidly to c:la::t, and 't'l·ho!>e leadN-Pr~ident WilsonhBd Haltered thr- \'an it y of the "·o rL:en br rc:,·ic:""'·ing
~.e Labor Day parade with Samuel Gom poer s in
1916; and durin ~ a \\'ar ""'·hich Organiz.ed Labor
Ua America h :~d voted o\·er"·hdmingly to f'Uppon
~ ~e name of dc:mocrac r .
A typical 1ufferer d uring the War Wa.5 the 1-fa·
obinists ' Unic:m. TI1c: employen di!ICo\'ered •that a
~killed, highly-paid machipi1t \Oo'al a u!t:lt:s.! luxury.
Fo111 uw.kille'd "·orker! could be t11 ught each one
part of a machinist'& job, in a 'very 1hort time.
Theft: four com parJii\·e l)· unskilled workers could
do the work of four machinist!, and d o it much
obea.per-UJU!o demoying the union "'·age-BCale,
aad throwing the skill ed workers on the sueet.
It U, inter~t i n g in thi§ connection to quote fro m
&n article in f inrhrr's Tra'dcs' R~vir:u, , written by
William H. Syh ·i!o, the first great America! labor
leader, in 1863, dt:!i~:ribin g tl,e same proc~s ap·
plied to the S tove-Moulder:>:
''Simullan~ous u·ith thu w·as i'llroduud tM
'M/,pu •r•u:m' .... th~ Jtov~• u>tr~ cut up, tlw U,
~tJJ:Ja rn.cui' mad~ on~ p 1ec~ . ... Thus thU JYJkm
went on wntil il b~camt: n~c~uarr for ~och man k1
h.o~ from OM to five bo,rs; and . .. prictJ ~C4me
,, low tAtu tnt'n wert" oblis-ed to in.crea.tc: tM iu:JurJ
of labor, and work nwch hordu ; and then could
Jcarcdr ohtoin th~ plain'e•t nec~uilieJ of /if~ . . . ••
h was direct!)' from tht::!!C conditione th.at the
first powerful nationl'l l labor union Bprang- the
Molden' International linion. Likewi~. it WM the
replacing or M:illed men with young apprentice•
bors, at atarvation wages, "'·h irh was the chief
~!~= uc::~~~in~finMt:h::d a~da~J:Ci~~~
u.ade:t the Jeadenhip o r another of the famous early
..A.raerM:an labor leaden, Jonathan C. Fiocber.
The beginning of the Ci'· il War: with its indu..uial paralysis and widc:apreaJ unemp loyment,
wiped out whBtever tentali.-e labor orttaniution
~v~~·ti~:J.' f;~tt~ tr;,r~~~ G:~~:~!~i~
gan il5 is.~~uance of hundreds of millions or dollan
in "gTcenb.cks:' which, accompabied by the high
war tariff and the tremendo us dema.bd for ar.uy
aupplies, cauecd a hr:ctic re\·ival of industry, and
laid the foundations fo r a clu.a of capitalist em·
p loyen. As in the European War just concluded,
all ci~J~~ot:S profited u cept the wBge-c:amen; for
while wages in IBM had rileD 307'o, the nerage of
nta.il price~ had ritc:n 70% .
--:;-_ meelia' t of wOikinJa:u·n
10
pr~eat
a.p.iiUl
tbo
~:~rt!~:'~c;~d hR1i~h=on~bii~.~dC~~cin~:d~~U:"~~
LoWa,.illc.. l\y., n · ·hich lanu plac" 1 raolutioo wu
adopted doc.la.rio& that ' ~w or\.incmc n b..d no rul ot Yital
Ll&!oM' in the men ab.tu ct quc.&ion.s uatd 10 d.iride the
m....._" A u lioaal con..entioo o.f woden IMl b PbiJa.
del~ lSI 1861 lo oppoM t.be Vt'u .
The frightful pr~ure o n the working~la.u at
this t ime led to an era of labor unio n o rganization,
most of the unio n11 being loca l, and affiliated in
tudes UAemohee, ""·hich supportr.d tlllt: another in
atrikcs and boycott!!. The local and roci'Htt:red c har·
acter of tit~ 11ma ll unions corre:.ponded e:utctly
to the co ndition~ of pro duction at the j itne. Dut
b)· the end of the "·ar the ma nufacture of &ta ndatd·
iz.ed p roducu, and tht- t-sta blishment , thous h the
ne"· r a ilroads, of nat iona l m nrkets, created rapidly,
one a fter another, the great nationa l unioM. Thi1
" ' 8.5 the real birth of the American Labor MovemmL
been in the form of political action-and tl1is politi·
cnl action hu never been : d~~on&e i ou• pro letarian movement, but a l"'·•r• the joining of f orce~
"'' ith the &nudl property holders, in tMu- efforu to
conquer po h·er. Such ww. the Union l..a.bo r Puty,
the Greenback LaLor Party, the PoJlu li~u . the
llryBn Free-Silverites, the Progrt:MivC!o, and finally
the Wilw n ~moc raiA. And, u we have notad
in a preceding insta llment, Lh~ mo,·ementa, which
in eM>Cnce \OI·ere nothing more r.han revolll of
debtors agairut u.e lltrangling greed o r the great
capitalista, failed utterl)·· The control of Govern·
Ly the great capitalist.t was too fltrong to
b.:l
Before the Ci,·il War the Government wae con·
trOlled br the So uthe rn Blave·ho lding class. ThiB
In a ll these debtor-re,·oll8, ~e farmer, who fcc:la
contro l " ' &! cha llenged by the 11mall c apitali&t& of the preMure the most ~'·erely, ~ the molt prominthe 1\orth, opposi ng ~ interests of wagt: labor to ent el emenL Union labor {foll o wed the farmertho!t: .,r c hanel -sla,·er;.·. It wu 85 a repr~ntative not a5 the pro~r1 y l es.e industriBI worker, :·•Jt u
of this 1mall property-ho lding clue tha t Abraham the O\OI' ner, or prospective\>wner, of a little prppc:n:y.
Lincoln wM elected to the Presidency, and aa a rep· The latest of thbe: revolutionary mo\'emenl8 of
r esentative of tl1is claM that he cond ucted the war. s mall property holden l5 the Non-Partisa.n League.,
He feared the ftl'O"'·ing ruthleti.!! po"'·c:r of Wall \lo' ith it5 program of S tate banh, State-controlled
S treet, and warned against it again and again. And elr-nton and transponation lines', and ita comhinB·
"'' ht:n the ..... ~..~ was tn:led, \Oo'ith the sla\·e-power de- lion or the flll'mer with linion l..a.bor in u,e citic:a
.lit.roved, he "'· i ~hed to M~e llcconstruction in the to wrest contro l of the S tate fro m the great fm1 ,.
Souih proceed rapidly and (tenerou.!>ly, ao that the c ial interesl8. h . too, will rail. . . .
rising class of &mall pr(\pen)·-ho lder§ there could
F or more than half a century AmeriCAif Labor
unite "'· ith the ~arne cia." ! in tlu: ~orth to keep con· ha.s turned il5 attention a lternate ly from politica
tro l of the Go,·ernment. But Lincoln ."·as a511B.Il· to economic org•niz.ation. Saye J ohn R. Common1,
,.inated ." and thrre i!o no .sma ll e\'idcnce to pro\'e that in his "History of American Labor" :
the h ullc:t " 'hich killed h im \Oo'U f1red f rom the direc·
"Tb" rt"putin(' cyclt" of pulitica and trade unionilrm.,
tion of \\'a ll Street , . . . And the capitalisu. 5t:iz· ~,1;:~c•~ndr~:J;o~:d o7,o:,::•t~o:ru~k'. ':u~ti~c
inF contro l of the federal Go\'t:rnment. proceeded or thi• hitlory of labor."
to loot tl1e South, and to create thr re tiuch bitter
_111 t~1 e. last two decades before the [urope.A.D
!loi!Ctiona l and racia l antagoui~m. that it made co- \\ a r , Lmon Labor, discnchantt:d " 'il h lhe fa ilure of
Opt:'i.:ltion Let "·ern tl1e !ima ll prOilerty holders of po l111cal act1on, adopted the cour&e of a r'Jurmg
tl1e t\'orth and South impo:-siiJir und e nabled a ,;ma ll poht":", and developmg the economic organuatJon
F"toup of capita lists to ~lll f them-.eh ·e.-; fi rml y in alone.
J
the had~ le. F ina lly, ab~ndOning . the ru ined _South,
In the last \ n E e bero\ e the Euro pa.-; War,
the r.ultng d .ass turned 11~ nllenllon to lootmg the H o u!lot:fi of Congte; , and "f' U!mg the Couru to
puLitc d omam , natu_ra_l r~ourre,, and l~e. Go\'ern· the Emplo)ers'
1811od ha d captured both
m~nt-State a~d f\at1 o na l. Great pohhcal rna· Ho uso of Congr , and " ll.S ld;mg he Couru to
~hme! "·er~ _built UJt thro ughout tht: country, rt::!t· re\J\ e "consp1r acy" charges agatnst labor or gan 1•
~~~~ on polttlcal pa.tronage and Go'•ernmental graft , zatJons. and to defeat them by means of the W·
"'·ho~ po"er to th1s day has ne,·er beoc:n aha.ken off. Junction, turned il5 allention to politica in order
~for-t- the Ci\·il War thcrr "'' ere fno !-'Teat ca(p.l·. __Jo protoct its economjc actio n. P olitical pr.!:!I.Sure
ta la~t!!.. . Industry .,.,·as large: I~· localiZed, the pr(fd.
WM bro ught to Lear upon legislatures; lobbies
ucls Lemg comumed "he re they were manufa~tured. " ·ere maintained at W~hington ,and in the State
Ther~ "'as p lt:nl) of free land in the West to
legielatures; the policy o f •·voting for our fr iends
" ·hich the e"xploited could go, and the wo rkman and defeatin~ o ur enemies·· wa.s la,gc:ly prscti&ed;
could a lways become a small manufacturer and Mr. Samuel Gonrpc:u and other lahar leaden were
merchant on his o~·n a~o unl Li_terall)· epeak.ing. familiar figure! in Congressional Committee rooms,
th.er~ u•aJ no u •ngc:~ornang worktng·dOJJ o.t 'uch
arguing for or against &uc h 411d auch a bill
ill t~ Uniud Suu~s. llut the free workin~en of
The le~Uiat ive achievemcnl8 oT Ubion I...ahOr are
~~~nca "':ho enlt.sted o r ."'·er~ dra~ted mto the ' imprt:!si,·c:. A Departmenrof Labor ih Wtihington,
l!m on armu~s. lea\'mg a r.oc1ety m "''h1ch the manu· and S tate burea.LU in a lmost ~:very State ; eightfactur~r ca!"e to them, r~turn~d aftc:~ the war . to hour laws in Government work-. on the railwaYJ,
fi nd g-t~ant1c new centrahud mdu~tue>~. to. wh1ch and in ruany S tates ; Federal Boarda of Arbitration
they must l ta'\'el and beg for wo~k. Wath the and Conciliation ; Wo rk.men' 8 Compenaation lawa
develo_Pme!lt of po"·er. !-'"a nsportat10n and great in mo~t S tates ; restrictio n of foreign immigration,
facl ortes, mdu~tr~· ~fter mdustr)' left the country and exclwion of Oriental laboren; factory Jawa
and moved to ~he c1ty; nn~ the_ "·orker. ~a11 forc_ed of all 110ru, legi~lative ..afeguards, and legaliu.tion
to f~llow. TinA concent.r~tto~ m the Cltle! wu m · o£ &t.rik.es and picketing; and the Cla)10h Act.
ten.s1fied h)· tl1e w<~ves of mmugrat10n from Europe. which ~ dec l ares that Labor U not a commodity,
Free ~~nd "'"~gone ; not even th~ Homestead ~wJ and profeuc:s to aboliah the uae of injUDCtioDI in
brea.kmg up the great land-holdmg.s ~md cr eatmg indu5Uial disputt:5-a law which Mr Gompen
mill i~ns of sma ll _land-o""'ll"fl, could prc:vebt . the hailed at "the new Magna Cb.art.a....,
.
growwg co ncentrlltJoo of labor power and cap1tal.
But in the Ju t analy1il, whM does all thia come
ln fact, ~c: n.ew £ree-ho~ders w_e~~ at the mercy down to? The Depa.rtment of Labor in Waah.ing·
of _the ratlroads, m_a rkdmg h c thtlt::8 and b~. ton repreenlts nothing but the interest..s of the
wb.'ch were a lready m the han~ of the great cap1· upper &trata of Killed worken; it ia headed by a
t.a.hst.s.
£o rmer woriUngman, William B. Wilson, who acfrom Lefore the Civil War to thia day , the q ui ~ in the penecutioru of ruik.ing minen by
psycho log)' of the American workn haa been the tl1e copper l..a.rons of ArizonB, and defenda the dopsychology not of a clau-con!ICiOu.s laborer, but r.on ation from the countrf of fore.igners .ctive in
of a •mall property ho lder. The t:\·o lution of in·
abor organiz..ation, on the ground th·at they are
du5trial toeic:t)· in America hM been ao Bwift, that "Bolaheviki"; in o ther wo rda, it .fa.ithfully IC%"YC11
the Amt:Tican worker atill hB! in hi! mind the idea. the capitalist Govern.nlebl Lons before the ~t·
that he may climb into the capitalist clua.
H o ur law• were enacted, it wu recogni.Jccl by the
Why?
more intelligent capit.liJC . employer• that they
Not the leall of 'the reuone i.!l, that two or three wou ld increuc: the dicieocy of workmen ; aDd ewm
gent:Tatiom before Labor in other countriea had now thev are not obeyod by corporatiow whoee
r tceived the fint priril~ for whic.h it fought, the intereall. they do not Nn'C. Boards of Arbiuation
a;:;:
·Th"~rfi;can'" manwor",·r~•~alldO"~Onf g iv11
. CDciUoeau p<>
00~~l.aJO"~
...
.......... ....
b
,.__ w.•~
-were poliliral manifestation&. In apite of unebdins
d;..r.pointmenl.l, ip apite of the hollowne:e.s of all
hi..& c:gislative victories, the American worker con-tinues to believe the promiac:. of the capitalUI:
political parties, and t'ok, tJot~. tJok.
It i.s lo be noticed that the beginnings of A.me:ri·
ca.n «.onomic la..bor orga.nWtioh were dictated by
the DCCC.!oity for dt:/etUe of hi1 cJua inter~
DC\'Cf offeruc:.
The Knighll of l..abor wu founded
to d~fend &tandard.s of living; the American Federa·
t ion of Labor "'' U fo~ to defend· Labor'• inter;
au.. l::•cept comparatively lately, u partially in
the I. . W .. W., American Labor hu ne,·er sup.
ported any economic 9rgn.niuJ.ion ! • ·ith a
political object- that is to ..ay, with the ob-.
jec:t of sainins eonuol of the S tate.
Ill ef.
fon. a1 po!;tic&l cooq.- of ~""'"""""' ba"
either "arbitrate" iD (nor of the emplo)"f!N, who
will not relinquiBh aD atom. of tbeir power, or (ail.
'M08t Workmeo'a Compenution l•ws IIJ"e ltlbject to
decisions of ladu.cria.J Co~ions, 01' rim.ilar
Government bodiea, aDd to appeal i'b the c apit.lUt
cowta. Flldory laws are poerally disJ'e!U~
and st.rik.c:. and picketms, thoush legalised. are
1till pr....1ically outlawed hy the polM:e. The Clay·
ton Act i• not worth the paper it is printed on.
ln spite or the phenomena] p-owth of the A.JDe:ri.
can Federation of l...abor, and ita iDcrcue of p,)wtll'.
nevertheleu industry b.u srown futer. ye.., E•eo
be£ore the war, that~ Khie"t'e:meol of the A.J:ner.
ic&n Federation or La.bor, t.be ""trade ap-eemea~.., •
aort of partnerahip bc:tweco organized labor and
capita.l ,- in a·bic.b cont:act. WU"e signed between
bargaining poupt to COWII' ~· period of time--h.ad
heeD aboH...hed ln the larsM& companiel, euc.h .. &be
Un;ted StolM Steel
Co""?ali""'
Lillie by 1ittJo
�The New York CommUDiat
I
Left Wing Notes
TilE ldt Wing organization hu decided to sup·
pon the rollo-.·inp; nomln~ and ask all I"C..ol utiOODI')' Sociali!>U to do lil:.ewiM::
For t~ 1\a.twn.al Encut•vt Commiuu, lsi DUIru:r: !\'. I. llourwu:h, N. l'., Edward Lindgren,
Brooklyn , ftt . L, LAu"' C. Froano, BoHon, MwJ.
f or lntunoJwnnl Url~galu : / . £ . fergu.son, Chicogo. · lll., John Herd , N. L, LouU C. fr aino, Bos·
Jon , Mws., C. E. l<w~nbtrt,. Clcuelond, 0.
For E:ucwu·r 5rcrt'&.ar1 of Local 1\"ew YorM:
Mcuimili.on CohDI.
.
ln view o f the referendum on the Slllt~ Euw::utive
Comm• n~ resolut •on to expel all branches and
loc11 l!1 Lilnt ha\'t joiued the Ldt \\'ir.g Section, all
the brnnc h ~ a nd local~ throughout tht' Slate &hould
male arrangement! to have Left \\ mg r.pul:.eu
atate our cue.
Leh Wine "peaken can be &OCured by com·
municatinF! "'·ith ~1ax_irnilian C ohen. Soc:retary
tl•t Left \\'i.ng Section, 43 WCS( 29th S ucet, lSew
York City.
or
All Leh Wing cprnmunic:ttions fo r Lh~ cnll!mn
r.ho uld be addro.~ed to Maximilian Cohen . 4J West
2'-Jth St reet, and ahould reach him not later tJ::;n
TuCIKiay morning f~r in~.rtioo ~e aame week.
"Editor of THt CotottJJ'IiiST: TI1e: memben of the
17th_A. D. read Mr. Hlurn..,tein'a letter in the May
8th t~ue o f t11e CowM u~· t ~T. "'' 'th a great conaen•w
o f opinion tJ•at "' e at~ verv fort.unale to .... ve had
the prbeoce of thi11 indi\'idual in o ur camp, ooly
M 8 !-py; and tJre feeling i!; one of relief rather
than dt!'ma)', at tht:: l o:-~ of the ~~ and only o rig·
ina) "Mmut~ Ste.wler" in the o rgan iution.
re:~~~ ~~t~~e;~ll~a~:~·~~',~; ·t~~~~~~fcd~f~~
Does Mr. Ulum!'tein kno ...· ...·hat Llack.mail rea II)· i.J,
or i!t it po~ ibl~ that Ute editor of TH£ Cow.W UNIST
demand~d that Blumstein turn over • uhstantia!
ports of h is prh·a te fortune u 'hu~h money ? '
"Jf Mr. Blum5tem meam to den)' that he pointed
out c~rtr1 in Party Members to a policeman, dcclar·
ing that they K.re 'Ana rc hist~ and t.hould be depon·
ed," then to hi!! other accomp li ~hruenl! he hU added
~~~~ o!·r:~c~ ~h~a~e:t:~:C wt~;T~~er~a:~~~:l
Jt ' is pos~iLie that Mr : Blumstein ....u at the time in
auch a rage thi!l he does n ot remember b8\'ing
made the f>lalements. .The writer would be quite
...·illing to accept this n.planalion which is probably
the true o ne, and it ...·ou ld al!-0 justify Mr. Blum&tein's ei.i!ltence as a member of the outlaw executive committee o~ Local New York .
"fraternally,
"'J u u us CooE.tNo."
A~pu.l for Fund. for The N. Y. Comm=iat
((IMttJo :w .. : The Ldt Wing is in noed o f funds for
the i~!.UftnCC o r its papeT; ""'e have nO dues paying
membcrFt;p and 11re aole ly dependent upon tho
volunta ry ' 'ltribution a o f comrades fo r our 11up·
p ort. H yol. th ink o ur movement is necessary, ii
you feel that ....e must hne public exprea.sion, you
0\:J!'t come to our 6upporL In the prtf;Cnt cri!!is,
more thP"n en~r ~ fore, ....e mu ~t keeP. in the field.
our paper must be ~u bli!.~ed. WE l'iEED FUNDS.
Cl~LanJ, ltltl"f 8, 1919.
Dear Cotutadt" : Thank you "CTl' mucb for tht chet'k for
110.00 for aub.cnpt1:ma. It ia c.J)(':ciaUy appreciated 11
lh1a motnt'nt.
In rep:ud to tht Mar Day Dcmonatntion aod tbe at•
lark madt upun u1 b~ tht' aJenu of the uploitera, 1 wrote
the awry for lht' Rt•'Oiutloi'Wlry A&t, and aho ~ttnt an ac·
count which appcart in thia Wt"ek •• SocuJUt Ntl4'J to r~
Nr tl' l'ork CfJIJ. !'oio doubt OM of th~ will reach ) OU.
At the pta<lll timt tilt toala of lhe rulinc cla.u lftl
~.ry·in,: thtir utmo.t to mali:e uae of the fact tbat in the
~;~~~~~ :!~hh~~u!~('~.Ur~~d t~:~·~~~o~:O:cf~~~: :be
Jl('niltntill'}· fur from one to 6ft~~n yean. .Th~ char1e
a,:ainat ua U U61Uit wilh inl~nl I'> kill, 1nd the but. of the
~::i~ip~•,t• i~P;h:\t:ry ·~~=r~~::. w ain&
people to
A ,a~. probablr picked for the job, amulu:d our bud·
quarten while 1l1e comrade. weTe 6~KhllnC arairut the
Ka n,~ eu and boodJum' ·aided by police. who attacked
them. [,-erylhiDil wn aruat,~O or •tolen. ra ·. of ccunc.
we are "' or\.:in& under difficuJtiee juat no111'. We hl'e
abou1 1 hundred ccmndea io tbe workbou.ae. mott nf
whom, in •ddition to their d1y._ hav(' a fine iod uded iD
their Kntenc~ aod we m1.111 na.c 12.500.00 to pay theee
&net 10 that lhey will not but to work them out at 1i.str
ttnt a day, 11 welJ u to ra.i.lle' the fundi to li&ht the cue~
~ill pe:od.ina.
~
Howll:"''cr, the 6chtinc aplrit of the rDOYemeDt il DOt
k.iUed. Lut Monda) we a.coeptd 335 oew memben. Aa: : day ia cofllina •nd we will 6aht on until rictory il
FratllrD&lly yoan.,
c £. RUTII&,.UIIC.
the ''buic" induM:riee are lost to Org~nized Labor. And the grent ma.J.S of the unskill~ worken, deliberately exclUded from the rank. of the
privile~d skill worl:eu ·of the Federation, bad
been recruited by the I. W. W., which abjured poli·
tical action of any &art. and whose object wu the
• conquest of the Sute by ironomic .ction.
. The end o f the Ew'pean War leans the great
capitalists in command of tLe industrial world, and
determined, if they can. IO destroy labor orsaniut ion for sood and all.
This is the J'CIUit of the Yotea of the workcn who
put the Democr'atic Aciminim•tion in power.
To m.!ld thl& menace a powerful mo.emeDt 'hu
sprung U)l in the ra.nlu >f Union Labor, to form a
Labor Party- • political orsaniulion wbicb, by
~ of legislati•e refortn5, will conqueT power
for the workers. Ill program ~ the marlr..a of
itt hi.aorical senealogy--tbe payeholo8l' of the
..,..n property holdo., aDd DOt of the prolturian.
~ method of ita organ.isation abows oooe more
Amer-ic.an Labor's invincible t.ruJt in the POk. and
in the -ib;liry of "partD«ahip" with the capi·
t.alilltcl....
Only after p&inful _..,.will L.loor ruli..,
that the capitaliol State it ·~ leu &Mn •
JTUJChW for tM oppreui.on of oM r:UJ.u by anoi4er,
onJ ' tJwu no Leu •o i.n • fkmoerali.c n~ &Aan
u.nder a mDMTt:hy."
Labor r:ann.nt enter into ..part:Derlhip" within the
c.apitalia! S:...te:. IA.bor can only win . the pr_od~
of ita tot1 by the o•erthrow of the asure capitalilt
·~llo;:- .... ~
2nd A. D. KinS' ~as jo~ed th.e Left Wing.
ltalia.n Branch o f the 2nd A. D.,
unanimow.l)· joined• the ~ft \'\ing.
Manta~
RtJulu meetinc of the City Commineoc held May lith. ·
1919.
M~tin1 ealled to order and Comrade Hammtt dec:ted
u cha,irma.n..
Minutea of tbr prnioua mMtin~~: read ud accepted wi1lt
one eonection.
f ol\owin« crtdrntiala •ubrnilltd and 1tt.eptcd :
~:i'~~b=~~'Suak.~. r;;~;:.; ~r'~ 3~·~
AS
chargee ha,•e n0\1'1' ~ prefe:rrcd api.Dil Cit·
Brons..
Neatm 1nd PftBcr. 2nd A. D., N. \'.
Stemhilher and Hrichenlhll, Branch IUdccwood No. 1.
~';:,~d~n!n~~~~~~a~r~~~ ~.t,tl' 1;~~~~..l..ocal QueeDJ.
The follo-.·in'- communica.1ion1 -.·ere read :
A lettu fr om Lor.al Hanford Lhat they voted for the
. l ow hy the Right Wing in the Brora, the ·Left
Wang hct! c!"opped
in":estit~:•~on of bim. .
:J:~ ~t=dm:~1.~u~J:d&:!~~~:l one~
a~d Pr~;.~g~oh~eft~iclee ~t !~\~Ul=
.
!lil
We are inronned that owing to · the inability o1
th~ Right Wing !!pies to !f!t IIU!terial, TM Soeial.UI
""' 1 11 only appear once every two weelu,. WNther
Mf~~:''L:~ Q~!,~~e•:h:;e~~~'£!:C:i,e ~~::! io· and other circuma~ ~~
llnlt ted ha deltJalt'l lo thr C....ntral Comm.inf't to apr"M~
the in1entio .1 of l.oc.al Quf'tnl to brlp the 17lh A '0., to
This will be a great diwppointmmt to m.usy
retain ill mrmbtr.hil), • nd to iru.truct thr delet:lle. to the comrades who a re ._..·a itin~ with breathlM!I i:Dten.t
Statt" Commllteoc demapding tha't Ll•t lkren.berJ reaolu· (
Be be:
h
Communica· .
..
from the l.rt1iah Hraneh. donu inc a IDODf"J on:lu of fc.to".
S2fi20 for th~ COiillill' l'III!IT. Aecepttd..
from lluflalo, wit.h 1 contribution from Poliah Branch,
. We, ot.ir.eh·~. find it di!Scult to curb oar imJ»amounlin& to f,S.65. Aec:epted.
llern:e fo r further utterance& from LoW. Waldma
LeaAtt from Clt'O'tland referred to tbc Cowlil tn'fJJT
u to what Socialil~ re~l~y ia.
e!rofteq6;:_,
to ao u apcale:r. Communleation 6Jod..
But perhap& u he ia soint OD the b.nicacle. be
£...e..cuti..-e
rcpon:
will not have time !or ~lin&- •
'h:!'~~!::J;tbe..e~~~!itec~~~thu~ ·~
Se.ocn:t..,.·.
~c;:~::atb~ -~-o-~--0:~~"::: 'l:m :J
&J·~
---------------1.-------· ~
~OI,aa baluee 00 ~----S22 76
c....b Oft b&Dd ---·-------------- ~
Su,btcription lla1a an c:omiD& in •lowly and bt" •ucie<ltl
the lMUanct Of pJedae card&. and IO adttnilf' the Colil·
M UI'IIST by rrnin& out poaten or pl•ca..rd• To initiale a
. n:frrend.um for tht teal~ of the [u.cutit't S«rrta.ry of
Local Nrw York. The rer;uJu mrrnhn'.hip mf'ttin& wu
eallod for Ml)' 2.;1h. To iaaue proc:lamltiOD on the P~
TrU~ty. Brlllch rudr;cwood donated 120.00.
Esecuti•e Committee'• report :
Recoau:Dendation to print S,QJO liall of the nrioua eomi·
Dea for the com.in1 elec:tiona, •od to ad•enia.e. the Coil·
M Uf'I'JST on the back of thrW" Iiiia. Concurnid in.
That all deleaate. to City Central Co:llmiltec a«:UN" ref.
ero"ndw1 ballou for the debarred hraocbea. CouciU'f'ed in.
That City Comm.iuee concur in •ction of tditon and biDe. m.llllltr in printiq ColiiWUPiliT a.t Cnpbk Pt.. at
1120.00. c...nxd.
~
. Th11 the lttltt 'from Ce(bn- announcina; ~be ~raa.nisl ·
11oa (}I the Sth A D.. be prio1ed in TNI. C • mnn with
~ COIDIDct. aDd to iDarud the
'de.d IDem·
We understand that the 2nd A. D. ia goiq to
hold e meeting for the purp<»e of ~ Ju·
lius S. Smith at. to what is really tramp~ iD
h i& Branch. If he has not Lime to attend Brmc:b
meetings, 5c a week expcnd'-'CI 'oo TBE CoM..IIIUXUT
will keep him IJ(;CUralely informed. . ·
. .
.•
.
We IU"C phd to Jearn from TJ.e .5oc:ioUM tha
P auch o Villa u a SlA.Ddard Oil bandit, u thit probably a,;c,lun~ for why J olin D. Roclefelltt wa 10
.
V.fi:S:.~o 0~~~f::ru
tab
o f the United Sta• to
AA to Th-t Soci.tJUt enquiry aiJout bow to pt
Man :' ..Capit.al" for 50 CCDte, wei wonder tblll d.
editoro ohould nocd M..,... wba> they bu., .Wald-
man, who is soint to sive the lUte tbe n.i~
coa l minet, water-ways, lelepapb aDd telepho-
li.,.,. Pood old Charley M..,... lud an ideo tho! "'te
..... would be aboliolled uodo. ~
-ON-
Ma.x Cohen is not an American ci~ 'I'I:U. ia
'causing ~~ indipatioa am<m« 1be Sca.i.CO.,.
ndc. who b....c jwt
out• tKir lr800Gd pepen.
MANHATTAN LYCEUM
li6 EAST 4th STRE.IT
HEW YORK CITY
The Risbt Wins lu. dioco-..1 tho! c-.M
.t&lr.C:
We want to make our poaitiOD clear Oaoe aDd for
~II . Although we admit Mu ~ ia at faah.. w
refu.te to sign a petition lo bnc him deportecl S..
aid~ he informa. ua thet if he bad berea a ci~ lie
might have been"" Alderman, and
TO ELECT AND INSTRUCT
DELEGATES TO NATIONAL
LEIT FING CONFERENCE
I
Speak.ing of bt~rTicadee we ~ould uk LoW. it
he going to 6ght l~e a ti•p w~ be BdJ tb.e.
LEFT WING MEMBERSIDP MEETING
SUNDAY. MAY z:;th, at I P M.
-AT-
I
to remaio in the ou~r d~~
lhio clocidod ~ ·.
,
~
Tho .,........,, of the Eu<utiYO ~· o(
Local New Yark, coocen>inc the I.Atft- W~. ,_.
liU Bobuocl:U ll=l>ko..Uyo'o oppoal r. nnlioa in Rua&i&.
~
�'l'he Now York Communiat
The Productivity · of Russian Labor
I
-.·
From the Ruaaian Soviet Government'•
F~r~t
I
Annual leport
fCtntri~UUJ fr-. '-' wnA.1
By A. ·Lo_,..
ment, do not notice the buic tendeocy to c. ~
At the beginning of 1918 a definit< break became
in the productivily of labor wl:Uch he. ~
/ut.l tho.l tM lu>urly produaiviJ1 of 14bor M 1914
ohvioua in the mood of the '''" ritrn, in the H'n&e luu alr~odr bun a~. mwt be cnruiJ~red more developed in the lut r... montha.
of recognizing the DCIC.n!ity of introducing strict
or k;., eJtabli.sh.td. In 1M jUlure, wilh 1M d~
The worken aud their government can!tot l:ll.DI·
labor diK:ipline and a r~dineu and willingooa to
ntlli.on of 1M t.eclanical and rcon.qmic tiUink&raticn 8£C industry! Back to capitaliam! Such ill the
bave the piece-"'·ase e1-t.ablished. At the u.me Lime . of produciUm, ond u1ilh on incr~tutd odapl4h&.lily ..revolutlonary" tlogau of the Capit.aliii-Meo.ahiT&
the admini•trotion of the establiah.mr.nt undertook of th.t worhr. tMnuelveJ to more Ml.eruiw labor, bloc.
lhe planning and ~adual realluati;:,n of a project w.•f' mu.sl uput d tniJTW in.crtwe ill prOtlu.cti.tn
Alu ! - mercile&5 hiatory here al..o laugt.
ef techilica l reorgani.z.ation of the factory produc·
irrtJptelive of anr chon&el in 1M uc:MUxsl tupccu
at them.
In Ukraine and Siberia the power h.
lion; the factory commiuet, at the u.me time select· of tlu t.Dorl.
temporarily pu.ed from the worken to the bouring the beat methods of introducin! labor dieci·
Similar information we hue regarding the Til- ~i!lie, and the laHe:r immediately baa replaced
?line, propagated the idea of the Oece:Mity of the
mam and Lubereukoye factorio in the Mo.cow the economic plan of the proletariat by ooe o£ iD
l.tter among11 the rn.a.uee of the worken.
d i.slricu. The reporu of • number or chemical, own. And " ·bat are the r~ulu o£ thia chau!\
b the Sprin~ of the pre5ent yur there w·u or·
po"'·der and other factories abow an increue in the
1 anittd o mixed cc:nmittee of repte!Cnt.ativtt of the
To .all the critica of the Communi..! program
productivily of labor lo • norm approaching
adn-jnistration and worlr.:ers' organiutiona, whlah
of tbe Pari5 workeu of 1871, Man replif"d-.,DCNII
t.h.al or peace time.
• ·orked out r ules for the internal fec:tory mana~
capilaliatic &OCiety Kill aUt in its maiden aWe ol
AI the present time "'' hen the most acule period
01enLs; theM: were later con6nncd. by a general
purity and cbaatity? Have not illl buee defelopcd.
of hunger musl be considered u paued, v.·he:D the
meeting of the worken and the administration of
its ~el£-deceptiona been revealed, illl proct.ituted
t haHc:stinr. of the grain goes on in the maio t.atiathe establishmenL
r .. lity been di>eo.....t?"
~&ctorily,one may and ehould. apec1 further im·
The practical introduction of labor di!Ciplinary pro,·ementa in this field. For wu not hunger
Back lo capital~m! Here ia the sole ligbt-hou.ae
rule'i "'·hich in the main corre!pond io the labor that merciless power which could " destroy every· amidst the t tormy wa\'!S o£ the CommuniAt Revolola~·11, ha,·ing for · its purpo!oe the introduC'tion ·of thing," aa the worke:n' repr~nt.alives w.ed to &a)·? tion. Thus think "Socialista" auclded h)' a bourthe piece-~·age. required a certain time for pre· The proletarian graduaiJ)" takes posJei.SiOn or in· geois wet nuree in childhood fifty yean after the
liminan work and the impro,·ement o£ the t«hni· dui try. for the year o£ the Te'\"olution be can with experience of the Comm..une.
cal equipment or the &hops ; but during June, July pride ·,·iew the put route and lo look at the in·
The capit.ali11ta ma return to the faclorim
and Au~ust the-e pro!>lem! were in a greater or u rnation or his alogans in ordinary practical
and. mills and pull the reins harder. becau.e Ia·
l~r degret- .ohed, and the factory now works life.
There is much more for him t o do, bor di!ICipline and the produc-t ivity or lahor b.ne
completd)' on the bases o£ piece-wage Kale,.
but the most difficult hu already ~ achieved. decrea.ed. They rortet that the fall in the proTilt introduct ion 0£ piece l'I'Orlc. WU preceded by
l\'o"'· e\·et)1hing is clear: the road is £ound, the ducti\'ity or lilbor is an incessant proc.:eu that wem
eerious doubts on the part o£ the "·orken as well work be~ . With the greatest heroism the Ru._
on v.·itb gigantic auide~ both during Curia.m and
u on that of the admini!Lration, becau.ae thry feared liian l'l'orL:er realit.ea hie economic tyt:trm or Com·
Kereruk)ilm.
that at the Letinnin~ the \O"ag~ or piece worken muni!'m, gradually and infallibly perfecting ita
. Let .the impartial language o£ the ofDcial .ut:ia.,·ould pro,·e in~ufficient &5 a result o£ the general mechanism. Thai l'l·h ich the bourge-ois world of
di~integr.1tiun cf productiun, and altO becau&e the Europe could not man.~tge, that which the Kerenlik'y tic! or the capitalist @'OVet'llJlJe:DI o£ Skoropadaky
gi''e a clear af!d ahausti.-e reply to the question 811
._- 0 rkeu, Lherrueh·e& had lost the habit of more in·
band or chaHerbo:a:C5 could POl handle, tbe Ruatensi,·e labor. The workers greatly doubted the aian v.·orken are beginning to accompliab tuc:otu- iaauL
aucees.s of the enterpri.!.e, particularly on account full y.
The outpU1 o£ coal .nd anthracite in the Dooeta
AI th,e tiple when bourgeois ~nomy
of their p~y11ical exha~tion u a result of poor di!tintegrates more and more with ~''e:T)' pu.aiog buin wu shown in 1918 iD the followil!g figtl!W
nUtrition ; it toeemed that the reoeral de!ire to hour, the proletarian· people'• economy d.ew:lope of milliona of pooda:
etabli~~oh the piece·"·age ! )'!Item ....-as threatened by and become~ stron~." The 6nt alrudy gilu ofr
January- - ---------- 80 million pooda
ao ema il dangers. It wu decided U.at •t the be- the breath o£ a rolling COrptc, the 8CICOnd ia just boFebruary--------- 38
(inning. approl.imately (or about three months, the ~nning to live and to bl~m. The dead are
rule! or laborJ ditoeipline "''ou ld be- applied with still clinging to thetliving, but with ~owizl« retola·
M&r<b ---------- 65.7
the' nece:Mar\' l~xity. and that to Lhe tariff t.eal~ tion does the young world push down the old ooe.
April -------~-- 45
there "'·ouJd be added, in caJte o£ ntlCC:Nity, pre-p'il)'• TI1e Ruuian worker no longer wanlli to lin in •
May coal - - - - - - - 27
mt!r.t to indi,·idual ....-orken in ca.-n ..,·here kingdom of ghosts and ahadows, M longingly
May anthraci"' - - - 20
'the }Jrice·fixing commi.Jt.11i00 found that the failure llltetches out his hands to the coming Sprin!. for
June coal - --------- l2
to produce the output>required wu not a resull of e,·er breaking with the o ld ~stem., Without
June anthroc:ile - - - 4
oe~dittence or lack of 5lill on the part o£ the work- compu!lion or pily h~ breda with it, leaving to
er him5el£, but the result o£ the ~rral decline of the bour~is corpsa lo bury.their dead.
For the railroads il became neoeuary to irat&:iency in production.
It is nec~ry· lo, note be& ides the economv.:, alto port Silaian coal (hom Germany). ln July a
But finall y, however, th~e £eau proved lo be the psycho lo~ical aignificanee for the worken of bourgeois geniua prop<*!~~ lo increue the ouipat
.onsideraLiy exag~erated, and the output of the the n ationaliution o£ industry. From the moment
o£ the Dooeu buin . . . to 18 .,j1Jin1'1• poodaworker!' lurne~ out to be completely &alisfactory, of the traru£er of induaui~ into the han& or the . a figure, lltxording lo OW' COD\-iCtiOD, jp'eatly CJ.·
ao mt.n.:lt 10 thai the ahove mentioned conectiVCI'I Sr,·iet government, the worker no longn labon aggerated. The Kiev Bock of pro£eaaora and bour~ad to be applied in rare cue5 only.
for the benefit of • capit.alist. but for that or the ~is, relying upon Ao.stro·GenJ'au military and
While estahl i,hing .new · v.·age .calea, the latter v.·hole republic o£ prolctariam and poor pe.ua.ob. capit.ali! tic fof'C:CI, for two and a bal£ DJooth.
•ere inc-~aed as compared to the rates o£ 1914 H ·before nationaliution the worker had not auffi· of ita worU. can only 11dmit the complete
r!'')pt:l rtiOnatel~· to th, a\·erage exchange, with an cient .incentive to increne the in1en11ity of labor to failure of il!l economic program. However, of
additional 25';;. on account of the shortening of the the point or high ef6ciency, thee, from the momeot thie apeili not only the impartial langu&«e of
working day from 10 10 8 boun. 257(' on account or workrn' control, ~eryth ing chanp radically. 6guru, but the Austro-Gctm.an command ittelf. d
e£ the decreaw: of labor efficienC'y as a re!!ult of llpon him now depend! the finding or raw materials whoac "'control" the eoaJ mines were placed. Not
poor nulrition and ahout 1?C to lO';'ll on account and fuel. the obta,.ining of orden, the delin:ry o£ long ·alo it wfof6cially pot lo
memhen of the
ef n some..,·hat lowered norm eccepted for an ner· the products. the 6nau.iog of production and the peace deltgation o£ the Soviet RepublM: the fol·
tige daily outpul in )91~.
payment of the worken . The deep eignificantt o£ lowing question : On what cooditiona would the
Thus the aocepled increaae in piece wap for reg· the No..·ember Rel·olution u it is prompted by the So't·iet Republic be willin« to aaailt them in orpn·
•lar work,lowhich due most labor belongtl, &howed claas feelitlf; or the worlten, comists in nationaliu- izin8 the coal output in the DoDd!: b&&in ? To aak
ibeH, aa reprd. the hourly oulpul, in an increue tion, which ia becoming toeialisation, of the whole auch a quntioD me.&lioi :0 eonfe~~ their own izD.
of 50~, and in f'C!Ud to a daily output an iDacuc indu.trv.
potence. But not f'nly tbe coal in~1111ry ia iD a lUte
ef 35~1-. Some jobs, baring ao direct eumpiN in
Th~ who daily and ai~tly •ing (tmf!l'al .ODp of complete panlyais. the entire mctaHursr of tbo
1914, were renlued anew · iD 810Cordanc:e with ihe. O't'tt lhe economM: meuo.rm or the Sorid B'J'f"er'D• South . ia al.o dead •i.nce the day or the capture of
cxperimce of the daily output; in .,.,.eral (IICloriee
power in Ukraine by the ad.-eatwoua tnilon wbe
the above inentioPflld i.nc:re.ue. were made.
..ld lbemool... 1~ the olr.arlu of G.no.ut IIDd A-.
Aa • l"'lliUit or wap calculated tbua, it ......
triaD capiJ.aliaaL
proven thai the average wcek.ly pay of pleoe work·
Under eonditiooa of the tti'WII!Dt l'ftolu:tioa tba
TO C£LEBR IT~ T1l£ OPENlNC OF TliE
en hu exceeded the daily pay by 30-160~ , au
bowpoiaie ia no loDf:U upable of man~ or
av~age of about 80% ; i. e., tbe aw:rap output or
NL' HEA!lQUIJITERS
of rec:onatruclil>fl ind.narry, wltilo the prolowiot
worken during the eisftt bow work..i.D« day ia aloach day m.aloo - " ' " ' of tl.a all the fi.r-.
FiiJ be PN-• h)' &Aoe
ready now about equal 10 ~al prod~d in 1910
IIDdbotter.
during a len hour working_day. Tbe comparlaoo
Stli RUSSIAN-UKJlANIA)'i BR.UIOI
FrisJ>tened. the bourpia
ID the
o£ sevrral teparate opcrationa bu mabled w to
c.-.~
t.mdency toward tiM.~~ of labor eoatrol;
di.c:O\' S' the average hourly production or )a.
oN SATURDAY. MAY 17, 1919
a:tub.bom iD their• d.ire Lo overthrow tbe .,on...•
bar. 1be time p.....ed aince the iDuoduction of
dicutonbip, they cl... tboir .... wlum
~zspiec&-work ia n~ .ukiaat to wUTaQI. a ft.oaJ COD·
"f**b of "" mer- iD tbo p~ olloloor.
eluaioa o! the reaulu achieoNd, 6.1 ~. ,._
the
RUSSIA~ VETrnERINKA
n•
s-
do-··-
..u.,.
�I
'·
An Outline of the . Communist International
Adopted by the Congreaa of the Comm.:miat International in Moacow [March 1-6, 1919]
which openly place& the~
o ing cl&ll in a pri'l'ilescd po5ition in IOCiet)', it n :he other hand a
provilional inttitution.
the r~Utance of the
bourgeoilie it brolen, when it is expropriated and
p-adually ndu~ to the labor tltala, the prolc:tar·
ian dictatonhip ciiaappea.n, the 1lates diet out and
with it claaaes n.nis.h.
So-call
acy, i e., bourgeois democracy,
il nothin! ut the c ncealed dict.atonhip of the bour.
seoisie.
e much prai~ed general ' 'national will"
exist• u much a. the "united people." ln reality the
power, th~ di~.11rooing o f the bourgeoiaie, of the clu.ses ex_iaa-the claue:t "''ith oppo!iite, irreconcilac.ounter-re,·olutionary o!fx:en, of the \\'htte Guard; ble purvo-ce. But u the bourgeoitie iJ a amalJ
and the anning of the proletariat, of the revolution· minority, it need.J this fict ion--the "national
ary soldiers, of tl11~ "·orlters' Red Guard; the aboli- will" - or nice, pleuant·&ounding words to
tion of all capitalist judgee and the organU.tion of llrength~ iu. dominion over lhe laboring clute~
tl11: proletarian coun ; the abolition of Lhe rule of and impote: ill "'· ill upon· the proldariat. The prothe reactionary alate officers and the creation of ne. letariat. on the contrary·, being an OYerwhelmiDg
executi,·e organ~ of the proletariat. Immediately majority of the population, exerci~~oea the clau pow·
after the \'ictory of the proletariat follows the diJ
tt o£ ill ruu..• OrE'aniz.atiOn, of its to~·iet..s (couneila),
organix.ation of the ho!ttile power, the organi.tation to aboli!h the prh·ileges of the bnurg~i.sic and to
of the p roletarillD power, the destruction of the .a.Mure the tran~t ition to the communist toeiety.
capi tali~l . ar.d the er!Ction of the proletarian, lt.ate
The m.nin power of bourgcoia democracy liee in
machinen·. Only afler the proletariat hu become the purely (?rmal declaration or ''r ights and libYictoriou; and the reo.istance of the bourgeoi!oie hu erties," ~·hich are unattainable h)' the laboring peo·
been broken, can the worker• tue their former foes pie, the prolew-iatui and half.proletariW, while
for the new order, place them under control, and lhe bour~eoisie utilites its material meam to deceive
p-adually add to the work o! the communist con· . and ddraud the people throu@:h it!l pre!il and ill
organi.z.4tion. In opposition to this the 10\•id
.uw:tion.
ayJtern I council sy"tem) , this new ~-pe of the
SUite po"'·u, endeavon mainly to gin the proleThe proletarian 1!.ate, like every llate, i• a ma· tariat an ~Jpportuni ty to realiu iu ri@:hts and lib·.
chine for suppres.r.ion. but t.hit :nachinery iJ direct- erties. The sovirt Po~:er gh·a; the lat pal&ccs,
ed ajlairm tLe foe uf the working clau. lll aim it h ou!iel, printing shop!, pa~r etoch, e-tc., to ··the
to bru.k the resistance of the nploiten, who ute workers for their pres~ . their rne<"t in~. their unions
the power at !.heir command to I.Diothe:r the and other orftanix.ations. And only through &uch
revolution in blood; ill aim it to make thil ruill- methods ,.;11 proletarian democracy be realiz.ed.
Bourgt10it democracy, with iu parliamenWJ
ance impouible.; the proleta.rian diiUtOTahip,
IL
The conquest of political power by u.e proletariat ou•.aru the annihilation of the political power
of the bour£reoi11ie. TI1e yower of the bourgNiail'!
lice in i~ note machinery, with iU capitalittt Ulll1
under the le.11.denhip of capitaliat-junker offioen,
itA pol ice, ih prison warderu a.nd judgea, it. par·
.on&, alate officer11, de. The c.onquCI!It of political
power meam not qnl)· t.he ~hange of peuoru in the
cabinet of mini~tt.r!', but the annihilation of the
mte machinery of the foe, the conquest of tOe real
an
Soviet Ru~a's Red Army
(Conliluml from
pafC
3)
1
''The greater part of the U,kraino it now.;
in the hand! or the worl.:en an ~n~
go,·ernment of the Uluaine.
And th~ will
be the greatest aid to Soviet Ruas~a.
h.et
u1 fint consider the regimenll of the dJtectorate
under Hetman Petlura. and then the troop• of the
Entente. In Petlurn's ·arftly are the l.ikrainian na·
tionali!its and the counter-re\·olutioniatt. in addi·
t ion to 10me Gslician regime.nu. Hia troopa oever·
the lt:Y ne already fairly disorgan~ and are d~
.erting to us in maMeS. Our Bolahc'' l&t He;man ~
Ll..raine i!l Rakovr.ky, formerly •err proDU.DCDt m
the Rumanian S. P. ln Sebutopc1l and OdeN.a the
Entente h~ ill main ba.5is of operations. They
eo.·c:n have negroes there. ln UkraiDe w~ ha.e captured diatricts which have put all tosether te"f'efal
million& of poods of grain intO OUT aurpJUL The
ATTENTION!
Memben of local a ....... Soeialiat Party.
SHALL LOCAL BRONX. GO LEF'n
TO DISCUSS TillS MOST lliPORT ANT QlJIS.
TJON GONFRONTD<G THE MEMBERS OF
LOCAL BRONX ALL GOMJlADE.' ARE URGED
TO A'!TEND A
MASS MEETING
ON SUNDAY AFTERNOON. MAYI8tb
At I o'clock
At tloo FINNISH HALL;
(BroD..J. Open Ho:.e O,da..l
442 Eaat lUth -~
T.k/.u..t"'
,,..un
tAU~'"'
llw
-u,:
BERTRAM WOLFE
JOHN REED
J.BRODSKY
~AY LOVESTONE
ADJIISSIDN TR.££, P.-r, C•.U ll-.11 .. S"--
Germans obtained no more than • fraction or the
~ain they expected from Ukrafne. It wu a poor
:bulation on the patriotism of other race~! '\\'hat
and ~~d~~rd!~~~":·h~~e '~t ~:d~ ~!,,~%d~
great Aores. But the small farmen were crafty. u
they alwayt are, they buried the grain in their
fields!"
Comrade Skland.M:~· lighted his fourth ci@:arette before he got throullh ~· ith Ukrain¥'e a l!i-0 "'·ent
into the qut!ltion of the inner orga
lion and the
working methodt o£ "'Red Army.' Bu1 we mu.st
pmtpoM this to another day.
It ia 50 cold here in the " Iron corridor" in the
fortrCM o£ the J<remJin, that J am batdiy a.nx.ioua
to look a bif at the heavy miliu.ry map
•Y·~ defrauda, by worcla, tbe or paticlpation in the .u.te adm.ini.ttltion. Actually the
muoco a.cd thei.r organiutio01 are ~D~&IIy clepriN
of the TC&l at.at.e adm.iniltratioa.. lo the aorict ey.
lrm the ~ themtc:IYG a.dmio..iaer, (or t.be .,..
' 'ieta attuct the net·increaains multitlade ol tM
"'·orke:n to tLe ~ adminiltration. Only throap
thi.o -'>od will the whole laboriD5 ppople' ,...ta.
ally become int<reatod aDd taU .._....;.. pan Ia
the adminiAtation. The .o.-iet ryAn l'8lli vpa.
the ma.at orsani.s.atio'os of the proletarial. apoo
10vieta · thenuelna., upon the l"t'rolatioa.ary la.bor.
uniona., coopentiwa. e1c.
a..
Bour~i.o clemocroc:y md lhe poru.-a.y
oyll.em aeparal< the r rom the s..t., by "'"
di\·Uion o! legi.tla.tin and executi~ power, by~
tole.rat.iou oi UD.nK:allahle m&DJar.CII.. lD. the .o..;.
syate:m. OD the contrary, the ri#n o( recall, d.
union of the lt«l.dative and cucuti..., power, the
function of lhe &o\;eta u wo~ colless, ·anit8
the maue. with ~ a.dmiJWtratiYe ors'aaa.. nu.
~;:nity U promoted at.o by the flld that UDda- tM
aovid ayltem• the electio01 d:.emael"' are cc:mducted. not in accordance with utibcial territorial·
diruicta, but in """"rcla.cco wi11j produc:tioo
unila.
1be .oviet ty.tmn thua ~U.. true prole&aria
democracy, the democroc:y lor &Dd of the prolttor·
ia~ ag&in1t the bourgaoilte. 11le i.Ddomia.l pro- ·
IC"..ari.&t it preferred in a JeOIIe u the leaclins, b.t
or,~ani.l.ed and politically ~ m.alure c - andlir
• ·hi<:h thr half proletariiUU aDd amall peoOuoo
gTBdu.ally &rile. lJbiJ pro"riliooaJ pi-mlC!" o( tbe
indu.trial prolet.ari.at il
withclnw the
poorer petit·bourgcoil ~ iD the COWI'tJ'y, lroa
the influ..,.,. of the Ws< _ . .. &Dd tho ba.,.
geoisle.. and to orga.ni.te aDd educa&.e ~ • oe-worken in Comma..n.ilt COIIIb"1lcticm.
util.Ued to
which I only e:ollhU e"Yeam,, M:Di to mr (rom
the All Ruuia G<neral Staff. h abowo that tba
fr ont or the Red Army, drawn oontiDuoD&I)' aa.d.
~· ithout any reg.:.rd to the thin repoft.ins and patrol
linea, ~pre:.ent a front -:ine or ell to~ 1.2.000
kilometcra, in other w.-:rd.s, 6ft timel u loot- •
the entire eaternal illr.nd cout.line o£ Norway from
Chri.tiana '" Borit@lt'fl on the Varangiaa. ' boaclary! And ihe area • ·hicb the Red Army bu WWII
hsck for Ceniral Rw.sia in the tiral. feu of ita .,..
~~~t.)·o~boU:~t~: ~=t ~;:;.~(
rr N~=
And now I &h21l lithl a Ru..ian cigardte. I am
.. Her phyoically to 6nd aomehin!i thll will 611 the
largest apace in a abort time-eYe~~ if il ia oa.ly
cigarette I:IDOk.e..
A Moderate Socialist Office-Holder
(C~
Q. -TdJ Ill what you apokc on---that .ocLal re'f'D-lutMJn ?
fQustioo objected to by Ubel and l"'bject.ion
auat.ained..l
Alter he h•d testified and waa )eaTing the court
buildin!. LaDucea w., anatod by the police.
Coumel for de£enac objected to the ·arr~ of • wit·
ness for he defense, to which Zabel gave the rol·
lowing U~wer:
·
Zabei-U this man wu taken I don't know, be i.J
not a wit.neN any more, he hu teetified and has left
,,,. ,.._ lJ
eJe,-en ddmdanta a uniform IICatmce o( tweat")"fi,•e yean' imprUoD.tDent. the minimlJID ·~
be misbt have impoood upoo them bci.oti year.
Before lmpoti!l« ...,""""' Juds< llockuo od.
dr~ to the dc~end&nll the follo'(ing wot"dt:
' There can be: no ncu.te for yoar ictiODL Yoa
Mve banded yourscb:et topt.hez- and wonb.ipped
at thr J.hrine of criminal anarchy. Yoo haTe Lre.
drh..k...ing from the biuer cup of poi.on wb.Xh baa
led to your destruction."
.
tJ,.,
t~co~ br:m~ :~e :~~o~!:er.~~~~;~anment ele~~ Mti:.:sut:•:!~~ 'for~·~r=
In reporting the a.rreet of LaDuoca, TILe ltlilti!OlJ·
If« Leodu wrote aa folloWI :
"""'Thrft other memben o£ the locel Italian
branc:h o£ the Soc:iali11. pany were: a.tn~~ted Mondlly,
and the police announced that Uteraturc had been
f oun~ oo their penoru that might prove of tipfi ·
unce."
After deliberatins MrW"t.nteen minute*, the jury
!oWJd the el ..en defooduto l"iJIJ' of ",A.aauh
with Intent to Murder.''
.
Commentins on their con'f'"ietion, TM Mil~
LH4<, ol Docembar 29th. 1917, bad the followins
toaav :
'1'be element which ~ to weip. molt beav·
ily agai.nal the c¥endanl.l during the trial wu the
fact that th~ were tuppoeed to ban bec:o mem·
ben of an alleged anarchillt.! orsaniution in Bay
Vo- {Milwaukee} • ·hich advocat.cd the overthrow
o( the u.iati..Dt: forma of goverWDCIDI and .oeiely J»y
rome."
J..dp
A.- C. Jlooba
impoa<ld apoe tba
,.
fi,·e yean, who char~ them with • criJDe,. whk:h. il
wu evident, thev did not commit. and wbo broup
about their con•ic:tion by brUCD illesal.it:i... by tile
n leo1 aon of trickery and by inllamins tba aUado
of the ......ban of the Jury apil>ot the cle!ODC!ooa
by producins evidmce inlatdod to abow that tloo
defc:ndaou wm MJCialiau. members of the L W.
W: and anarcbioto, wu Winfred C. Zabal, Soci.oUot
Dil'lrict Attorney (or Milwaukee Co.mty.
h remained for the Sap...,.. Coan of 11'~
to almolt entirely UDdo the e:riJDe· apiaat ele.. •
memben of tho woritlnft c1- cooamitled by Soe~..
ill Diolrict AllOI"DC)' \lhnl'red
z.bal. Tho w..
consin Supreme Coun bu jut • uide tbe oott
vict.ioD .ocured by Zabe.l in the c.ue of aiDe ol tbit
ele\'en prit.onera, ~ of wbom he" b.. frwcl
alto~ (after ha,iDg apeat em.- a,_.. ad a
half in pri.60LJ) ·and two of wbom are to,.~
trial. The two whoM ooariWoa 1M S..-
c.
Coun c:oo.6.rmod,
pordoMd.
.
wil~
• . _ 1-.!y,- ..
,.
�The J'llew York Cooi--"t
I.
The Pink Terror
IV. Bloody Thul1day in the 8th A. D.
O
N Thunday evening, juat u dusk wu deecend· .
ing oD the f.ut S1de and lighu began to ap·
pear in the atore windows, a number . of
fug:ht Wing mem~u of the 8th A. D., grupmg
.,.·hite papers firml)' in their r ight hand!, "''ere '60ell
lith
plot, went down lO Caai.no Hall to investigate the
tn4Her. Once Wide the building they were tubjected to a cl011e ecrutiny by the retainers of the
Exccuth·e Committee, It'd by Grauman, and thoec
kno"'·n to be Ld1 \\ ingera were refused admittance
to the meeting. Th01te who aurvi\·ed thia 6nt U·
amination wtn w.hered into the hall wbc;r,e the')'
were immediate!~· t-eiud by the ~«ond line of dofen.e1 led by Abe Bockerman, aliu Ahie the Agent,
of the 6thd A. D., and aubjec:ted oDe by oDe, to a
protracte im·e.ti@'ation u lO their political, reli8·
ious Md artistic beliefs.
'"Are you • member of the L:h Wirtg?" one
comrade wu uk.cd.
..Do you belieTe in an orga.niz.ation within an or·
ganiz.ation?"
"Do you aubmit to this reorganiution ?"
When he rdw.ed lo answer the!e question& he
was informed that he couldn't be a m~r of :he
Party unless he ans wered. Herepliedthat hehadboen
a member of the Socialist Party for (oUT yean, that
~-it me•ruoa it c.al.lrd br thr [ucuti•r Coauniuee of
Loc.al Krw Yurk for thr PW'JK'K of reor1a."linn1 a branch
of thr 5oc ~tliat Party in thr tltb AtKmb l~· Otttrict.
· For thr put month.., it wu impouiLie for Lhr membcn
~.u~t~a~:a~~~~n':.. ~fd~b~ j!~~n~~~ ':f ':a~~P ~~
Klf•hltd ·Lc:fl. \1. inlt"-' who /'aoc ..Ueaianoe to factional·
compulsion to aru•·u any questioas A dilcus.sion
l.hen .took place bet•·etn the members of the in\'esli·
gating commillee, .ome • ·nnting to upel him from
the meeting and otlters nrguin~ that he bt allo• ·ed
to remain. fina lly they decided lo allow him to
ltay.
.
al inking in the •h~tdoM's of the hou&eS tftward East
4th Sued. When a fell ow member of the Branch
a pproached the)' were observed to huddle clo!ICr to
the wall and hurry put with averted face5 . . The)'
::_erce•.,o1_n00thHei1r11w'
~,_•tht ~.:_reo,,r,.ga1n.iu
81 othioen·c·ommmed!~g
au
!!
()..~
"""'
&:.a
"Kr.
5
.....
d
of the [,;ecutiYe Committee, and the lut lingering
But
ahred5 of eon!toeience still troubled them.
black aight, under "'·hote pall men do decch that
blanch their · faces in lhe clear light of dawn,
dropped dn,•tn, 11nd smothering the faint criee of
c.on!ltienee, the Ring Wingen hurried on.
Early the same morning a _cardully pi~ed
«JO~?, of Righi Wingert had recetved the follo"'· mg
ktt.....
.. Dear Coturadr:'-A mMtinl of thr mrmbcn of thr
~7:~ ~d~t.p~~~~t ~~~ t;;altrlts~~:J; ~a~~~rfa:sdh:: re;!,~0n~~~;~eh~aa~a~s~~~d;
1
8
in
tt;: ad~~t:~ 'E:m:~:=~f ~ f~~ _ the chai_r and announcing that the ~eetinf? wu
tioo herr thnt: deltJatu rccrt,.t Utttruclinra what thcr open , called upon Beckerman to lllale It& pc.rpote.
a.n: ,: do and how thcv ur to au at tbt mec-tinB• of the
Beckerman announced that the Executive Commit·
(eotral Commiu~. ,.-iib eYrf")' memlte:r IM>und to "Ole in tee "'·anted the names and 11ddro.see of tho!ie who
thr branch ' u the leaden dirtatr; and Nery· dclcaat~ in ~tuod forth~ "reorlaniulion" r,cheme. He further
~ Ccnua.l Commine-e mutt act u thr ttt-enDI eoauwttee expl ained Uta! ther-e nam~ • ·ould be inve:5tigated
~;:; · Panr or1aniu.tion muat be frn from anr dictator- and anot.he1 meeting ca lled for tho~ who were
ehip. no ma11rr in ",.htt form it manifc:~~tt ittrlf.
found to be satisfacton ·--or in other • ·ords, euffi·
"'Th11 mf'C'ung on T!lundar. May BLh. ia to place an or· ciently de\·oid of intelli~enre to obey without qu~
=~~~o:e~~:bt dimict fre-e from dieuton ~d from out· tion all th~ CIJmmanW of the Party bureau,cracy.
""Tbrrr it no intention of curbio& the- idtu of the com· •
He contmued to the dToct that u he was not 1ure
ndea. Ottcua.ton of P&nr manr:n an aJweya dc:~~irable, that all those ;1rl!$('nt "'·ere Right Wingeu, no busibut t~er~ u no room for another or1aniution whbin thr nets could he transacted. At this point aom~body
or,~:tnuatton. and o_
nly tuch_ c~mradca who ur »OI mem- called attention lo lhe fa ct that the chainnan h~td
~~~~~·';:~: ~~".f.rt<~1: 1 ·0 ~iljLbr h,'J:U~t:it~ ~:. not been ela:ted. Immediate!)' Anita C. Rlock aug·
bcnhip.
mented Ahie'a re-mar-b f.Y .aying t11at tho!oe who
. .Brina ,your Pany e&Jd with JOU, u oo onr will be ad· gne their names in "'·ould be im·estiftaled. and if
~n_mrd ••th?ul a c;.&Id. Onlr mrmbcn of t..he 8th A. D. found to be 0. K... would k im·ited to another
~.;:C:~: ·~~~~ ~:rf:~;,.~,~~od~i!dwed:~:ddd:c~::
::;:~bh.an;n;·b:~lr:at:
·~Al~ :r:~~~: ba.,.iDI
the- wrlfare of t.hr P&nJ at bean.
ud who arr no1 mem.btn of thr 'Lrh Wrn&' abouJd at·
tend. and help build up • lo)·al put)' branch in thr &b
A.. y~ for 1 United and SolidificJ O.,;aniutinn,
[JI'.Cl'Tf''t Cow wtTTULocal New York.. Sodalitt P&ny.
Simult.aneous l)' the organizer of the Branch,
Comrade Dauber, received lhe follo•·ing ukue:
Wro,.!:'u?r~~r.A..e.mbly Oittria,
/
..~h~r:'ad~~=i~;i~~ ~~!:m you
'f/., the Esctu·
&M Gonuuin"' df'Cided, that in 'rlf"W of tbr iact that rour
brant'h Uo aJihated and an intrpal pan of Lhe MW"..alled
ru-ft ~· ina ~(lion,' an orJani.utioo wiLh.io thr pany or·
aanlulion. OfJaniEed for lhr PU1"JK* to dCIItt'OJ' the p&nT
or,..niulion, and contrary 10 the- deda.iont of Lo...A1 Nrw
YuriL. ')'OUt branch it thc~Tfurr tutpendrd from the or1an·
bation., and it oo lonccr an l.Citp-al put of Loeal Nrw
yon..
.._,. mectin& of the membrn of the 8th A. D. wiD br
u..lled by 1hr •ub-commin~ of the Eucuti•e Comm.in~
~ u pnctic&blr for thr purpoec of ~r&uidn& the
..F.. tbf' E.secuti•r Com.m.ittM of Loeal Nrtr Yor\..
Sever•l L:ft
Win~n.
..Juuus Cnata.
.,Esecutin Sec'y."
being informed of the
For tJ.e F reedom•of Deba aDd aU otl.er
Politic:al ~n.-.n
~~e~aif.P~~~~; :~he~Yof:~ ~t:at 0~~c:t
meeting.
Comrade Sehneidtr, • ·ho is not a member of the
Left "/ing. made a.n .objection to thi!. procedure. and
moved that the Int!ld.inf!: lilart reor~B~ization ri~t
away and for that purpose that a chalftllan be 1m·
mediate!~· elected aod the meetinp: proceed to busi·
ne-M. Beckerman to ld the chainnan that thi! mo·
tion was out of order and the scmi~omrade from
the 2ht /\.. D. ruled accor dingly. Schneide-r ap·
TO BEHELD
FRIDAY, MAY 16th 1919
At BROM'NSVILLE LABOR LYCEUM
219-2Z7 Sackm3n Street,
Brooklyn, N . Y .
S~m
Ia Eqlialu
M. ZUCKER
H. WATON
BERT WOLFE
N. HOURWICH,RawUm.
~F-11
tim.
A motion W8! made to dieregard the .-.:lion or
the Executh-c Com.rnitt.ce and proceed to carry on
the ordina.ry business of the Branch u heretofore.
~~~~ ::S~~'%~~~~:Po'f~:oi:~~~ ~=
mittee. After ..orne diacw.sion, dUTin~ which the
mern.bers • ·ho had been .attending the '"oorganin·
tion" fiasco came in, the motion .,.... carried unan.i·
m oU.!'i l)'. Two reportere from Tlu! Sociolilt, the orga.n of the Pink TenQI, Berenberg and Tuvim. wer-D
pre5ent dUring the meeting. and were obeervecf ta.k·
ing copious nott:t~ which will doubtleea appear ia
the next iaaue, jf the publication U able to .w-ri.-e
the publication of Waldman'a apeech.
Thu• ended Bloody Thunday. The f.lot for tbe
political Lutchery of the 8th A. D. fU:z. cd out, and
8CX:Ording to the latest adrioea the £ucutiYC Co~
mittee was gathered in Gerber•• o8ice W'flq)ing bit·
lerly over the twelve pitiful D&mee which repr&.ented what wa• to have bf.en a new and obeclieat
Branch. Our .utittician Compulc:e th•t Lakin~~: iDto
account the deposit paid on the furniture •an.
v.·hich wu hel~ in readinel.a, U1e price of Cvino
Hall . and the hire of meroenariee, beeidce the tip
to the cop on the heat, each name COlt the comr ades of Local New York over SlO, to uy aoc.h.ina:
of the COil of the cellar when the plot wu batchoc[
ASSEMBLY . DISTRICI'
srH
T~ Conf~rence
o_/.llu! Rw1itJn re11olution.tll"y
Sociali.Jt or~•rU=.al ioru of N~ru )'orlr and
vicinilr ctdlJ' you too
MASS MEETING
WEDl\E5D .~Y .
MAY 2 1st. 1919
At MANHA1TAN LYCEUM
66 East 4th Street
Co...-.doo: 'IDe Joiat Diatrict c-..n.
tee of tJ.e 8th Aaaembly Diatrict bo.a call·
eel for • Special Medi"'l of all 8th A. D•
branct...- Thurado,, Ma, Z2ad, a P.M.
at B"""'b H•dqaarten, lZZ s.c.-t A1-rtant ""'".... will be ............
ToE )orPJT Dlsn.Jcr CoiiKI'TJ"D..
BENJ. LIFSHITZ. Or&Miur
SPEAKERS
N. Hoarwicb
P. Celibter
Jolm Reed
Eadmoom MacAipiDe
COM£ AT 8 P. M . -
AD.41/SSION FREE
HEAR YE I HEAR YE I HEAR YE I
....
I..o.... yoar belta md rc ...dy!
HALL TO
RENT
43 WEST 29th STREET, NEW YORK
LICHT, CLEAJif, AIRY HALL
SEATJNC OVER 1M PEOPLE
:rbebi«d.yil~ •
Tinu ,
ERAL DAYS AND EVENING!
DURING ntE W£EIC. 11 11
MODERATE CHARCE! TO
LABOR UNIONS. a
11
Apply to JAMES DUNLAVEY,
Car. . .r.
•
Sobznla! E~; ~ 17tb, 1919.
Pl..., 8th A. B. Bnach
s.......IA-
a-a..:
CAN BE REHTED FO.R SEV-
P. CELIBTER, Yiolclialo
C 0 ME A r 8 P. M. SHARP
r:;il:'~: :c~~~=-.:~~:;n&:~ ~Al~
men from deviating from the path& or duty. pointed
out that u tht::re ·wue no records nothin~~: coa.Jd be
recorded.
h wu then decided by the E=utrre CommJo.
tee'• merceoaric:e that ooly question~ Wen in order.
A.kcd whether "'"Y member of the Socialiat Party,
aot a member of the L:h Wing, would be permitted
to joint t11e new Branch no mattc:r what I:W or b«
kliefs, Bed.:ennan a.nawered in the alirmati't"e.
Whereupon he w·.-. asked how hi. aniwer aqua.recl
with Anita C. Block'• at.atcment, hut thia be reiu.od
to answer on the ground that he did nol want to ep.
ter into a pcnonal dacua.ion.
He then declored the mooring ~djournod. It Ia
a:.:thoritatively ltatf"<< that the net resulll of the
meeting were about twelve namee and acl.dn.e..
Waldman claims 71, but hia lmowled«e of the
facll' douhtJese equala hi& knowledge of Soeiali.am.
\l;'hile thi& .erio~omic meeting l.-as going on. the
m.tljority of the memben of the Branch were at·
tending the regular Branch meeting in the head·
qunrters, which waa •till intact dwing to the fact
that a guard bad h«:n formed to protcct the fUf'D.i.
lure from AM.cmhlrmen and Alder-men with • pmchallt for pilfering. Under a special order of bu..aineu, Gerber'• letter to the organiu:r wu tak.at up
For tJ.e F roedom of Deba aad aU other
,Politic:a.! PNooer.
TN Con/ttr~Kt of rllr R.wi.an R~Mry Socialill or-otWtuioiU o/ ·"'tv l'ork onJ t.U"iiW'y, IOJt rlur
...UA tAt 4-IA RIIWW. BrucA 5. P. e»lb j.., Ul •
MASS MEETING
pealed from the dec:i.ion of the chair bur. Bcda-man aga.in instructed that no •ppeala were lD ordet
lllld the chair 10 ruled. Schneider proteJtcd UU.
decision and aeveral comrades demanded that the
~
1.22
Gel~~
.'"'"!Y. '"!"". .•
~~-u.s. o i o P I . Pnotty pia ~
-SI'E,ilt.ll._SE.A.5'ntAJIC
REED
llacALPIME
llcBRJDE
JOS. BROIJSI(Y, T -
QH YF.S!:...IDA~I~I~~
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
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Title
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New York Communist, 1919-05-15
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1919-05-15
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n05_19190515
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2018-08-13
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n05
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
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A Moderate Socialist Office-Holder
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e8eaf0313567423b6be1869fe2978565.pdf
4907ef31d2eb3f76b79d6649003c873f
PDF Text
Text
75he
New York
COMMUNIST
New York, Thursday, Ma~ 8, 1919
VoL I, No.4
M"' "'" "' ' '
" ~'~'~ ••~'~'~~~~'' ,~t~a.::,,?~:,.~,,
rrl•irlh of nalur•· :tfkr !he tlt,·uy nf w inlc r .
ha" ··mm· 1111d ,..;nrw :md l.altor ••otn:t .. il-l 1-Urc....
j\ cvc r wa~ :-udt 11 \ l.ty Day; 11ftcr fivt! p·ar:- of
h idcnu:- wi utcr. life a gain ltcgan tu loud. a n.! l.ulmr
l-
Price 5 cents
crwd •_n tu h )':-lctw.!-. I he Baud sehoul }''a~ im•mlcd
c;trl y Ill the nh crnuon br II guug of ruwtlic-., Ludgt..'S
wen: turn from !he women's clulhcs an\-1 men '~'ere
mmlc tn ki5s lire Ame rican nug, fo r whi! lr the gang-
'"
fganizcd
JM.lwcr !here is snfcty'!
The wo rker:. uf Eng laud pa raded tllrOuMh !he
strt"Ch. of Enf:; li:-h cities ami nowhere is there 11 rcc·
m urchctl itt ming led hu pc ;nul ~h;um?. In the cnrs
of the ma rc her:-. man:hing to tlcmun::tratc thei r
~ulitlarity with the ir brothers 1uul sisters of nil
buds. rang the t-clw t1f the c ry frnm the millio ns
of ruttiug corp~e- 1111 the "nr to rn f,cJ J s o f Eu ·
r ope: " Yo ur lack nf :on lid;1rity scatte red us here!"
And hct:ame J.nho r n ..-c.:o~nized the justiCe of the
c r y it marched wit h unC\'en trend. hut bccnuse it
determined tlull ·past sh nme sh ou ld not blo t o ut £u-
o nl of ,·io_lcncc uguinst them. Through the fa~h
:<ten. profes:-.cd n g reat reverence. Thb mo b the n io nnLic quarters of Lo ndon the Socia li!:t ;uul l.u!Jo r
_ma rc hed to the new building of Th e Ne1i.J York mo\'Cmcnts paraded h'it)l banners voicing their one·
Call. where a group of pcor)l~ were I oking O\'Cr ness with their bro thers iu industry cv~rvwherc
the pla nt. The premises were in\.ndc nm.l a fte r nnJ crying the ir protcst · nguin.H . capitnli!<t ~yrann;
beating the men. \\'o men nnd c hildren resent , tl,e to the wo rld, l!ul no one mo,·ed a ha nd ni;a inst
moh proceed ed to wreck the building. lOve r" thirty the m. , In lre ln1_1d, under the buyoncts of nn
pe rso ns Wf're sent tO hospitnls ns n r1suh of the a lien power, the worker~ <ledured 11 genera l
r a id. Mino r incidents o f the snme ch, racter we re ·strike witltout mo lesta tio n·.
In FrntlCC the
gcncrnlthro ugho ut the c ity until la tent r is ht. . . oct io n of the police resulted in protracted
ture hope Labor morched , tho ug h its tread wns un·
even.
Throughout the length and breadth of the luncl
Socialibts nnd radicnl labo r unio ns set out in
peaceful protest ugainst the thousa nd wrongs inhc rcnt in cnpit:1li~t socict)', a nd in pena nce £o r
Lhe1r own we..Ju-t~..
In protest a~airut !.he
"'ho le-air 5lau@:hter of their co mraJI!lll throuf!:h the
lo nF ~-ear, of ... a:. a,;ainst the continued daughter
of t11eir comrade' in HuN:ia, R.£aiaJt the impritto n·
ment of Lheir comrad~ and r.polr.t:ftmen in thia
c o untr;.· ; an'd in penance that they allow th~
thin~ to bf...
And e\·erywhere the- peaceful varad~ were IM1 "'· ith FUll!! and bludgeons..
Or,aniz..ed bandtt of M)ldien ai,d uilor.; 1.et u pon
the una rmed ma rch ers. lo re the flags and emble ms
The who le nfTnir, in it\ bronder aspb:ts . cnn be fi ghting a nd the injuries resulting were not
c redited to the go"cnmfntnl forces. \ The mobs nil o n one s ide. Since the riot tJ1e press hns
we re dcliberntc l)' infla med ngninst tJ,f Socialists condemned the nulhoriti~ nnd go\'ernmentnl acond la bor groups. On the C\'e of May Day tJ1e tio n is pending against the po lice. Even the
newS(lnpers cnrricd fl a ring headlines 0 1 thc disco\•. America~ press, which acts ngUinst the Labor
cr y o r n ' ' natio n-wide bomb plot"
ltich \hey Socialists . mo \•cmcnls here, takes 1the s ide of the
o penly cha rged to the Socia list and ~bar mo\'e. E uropean marchers. And the reason is that the
rnc nts, altho ugh up to the j)rescnt time not1 thCt European movemeota have ~ powcr. They .re «·
~to r.u~p~rt @:anited for -their own prol«lioa ud uy· . . _ . il
1ili@:htet-t n ·idenu Ju,. bttn · produccd
the charr- .o\.t no oihcr time would e dit.covrry followed' with awilt retribut.ioa.
of •u~h a plor- a plot in "'·hich u fu a can be a•·
A duplication in En! I&Dd or the ~ ··
oenamed on acceptable f:\·ide~ nob r • ·as .eri- throu@:hout America lui ~1 Day would b.n. r.
ou...ty hurt- bt: accompanied "·ith the ~ amount. 1uhed in 11wift and .h.aip raai.aanoe, ·if Dot ope rw.
of publicity. The "'·ho le nto.,.·apa~r campaign wu . ol ution, therefore the ~lilh roYCI'11JIISit ••
a direct inciteme:t.t to mob Yiolence.
careful that no "bomb plob were cli.c::ow:red Cong ressmen and senato rs ha ve s inctseizcd o n the
· eve
· of u' ·In)' Dn. Y on d thnl n o gn ngs - o f ~o ~~\ 1ers
fro m their ha nds, bent men nnd wo me n nlike into
inse nsibi lity, rnidcd the ha lls where meetings we re
in progress nnd wrecked th~ buildings, built nfte r
lo ng yenrs of patient effort and sclf-sncrific ing de·
the occurfc nccs to nnnounce that ne w In '!l directed
against the Socia list a nd labor mo\'ements must
he rra med , nnd the Mayor of ~ne of ~he lar gest
Americnn c ities, i\lnyor H anson ·o r sf:attle, h as
nnd sailors were o r'gnnized fo r tJre purpose of dis·
lurbing the pnradcs.
The occurre nces in Uris country a rc directly
traceable to the spirit o r pogrom fostered by' the
votio n.
Where the police did n~t ncti,•Ciy cngnge in the
attncks upo n Socia lists und unio nists, they stood
idly hy encourag ing the u b lnck hundreds' ' by the ir
inaction nnd, in sOme pluces, o pe n npprovnl. In
C levela nd the " riot" st~1rted when two a rmy offi·
cers nssnulted some so ldiers who were ma rching
with the Soc ia lists. Re:schting the ntlnek the p nr adc rs hit back and immediately called down upon the
heads o r their women and child ren the blo ws of
the po lice, who were :1pparentl y a mbushed (or just
such a n o ppo rtunity. The d ctcrmiuntio n of the
ma rchers to protect themse lveS os best they cou ld
with the ir n nkct.l h ands bro ug ht into nctio n ta nks
i; a nd rc\'OI\"c rs with the result that two persons were
' killed und St:o res injure•!. \Vho le:..n le arrests of t1te
Socia lists, foll o wed by hea vy sentence.~, stamped
the a1)prontl of o rganized " justice" upu n the nets
of the ·nttnckc rs.
In Bosto n the po lice took tlre initia ti\'e and set
upon the marchers with club a nd gun because they
ha d the temerit y to insist UJ)Oil parading thro ugh
the streets they, thcrnse l"es, hod built w ith their
s!:lve lnbor. \Vhc n the attack wns res isted the mob
joined with 1hc po lice and unmerci full y beat the
paradcrs. fo llowing which 116 pcr~ons were nr·
rested a nd nrc :tt pre~ent held in hen''Y ba il..
In New York. where the SOc ia list a nd labor
groups merel y a ttempted to ..Jwld meetings, g:.mgs
of so ldiers and sa il o rs irwadcd \·a rious Soc ia l is!
buildings :md attacked those present while the po·
lice stood supinely looking o n. i\len were beaten
into unconscio usness. h·o men brutally asst~ultcd,
taken the o pportunity to nd,·ocnte the !ran g ing of
membe rs of the 1. W. W. Nowhere has he go,·c rn·
mc nt intervened to cliscournge the rcpcti ion or this
mo b violence" None of the rioters ha e been nr·
rested, while hundreds o £ the pnrndcrs huvc been
se ized ond thro wn into jail. All the ~gencies of
public it y h nvc grnsped the OJlJlOrtunity 0 cnll for
further repressive measures ngniust So';fn lis rn nnd
the t,'Tel~t body of the people ha\'e by their silence
seconded these a ppea ls nml vindica ted he actions
of the mobs.
1
Oct:u rrcnces of this nature nrc not upknOwn 10
the labor a mi ocin list mo,·en)enb!. 'I IC histo ry
of the past decade in Europe is red with such
stories unci tod ay the history of Europe is fl aming
with tht! record o f the reactions of 11 peOJ)Ie's
musses to such inc ident~. J::uro penn lnl>pr has ons wcred such treatment with o rgnni7.cd elor1 C\'er y·
where a nd in ma n y places with open re •oh. Hussin, Hung:try a mi Bnvnria h nvc swept he syste m
r esponsible for such o utrnges out o f existence. The
dic tatorship of the pro leta ria t is the
an·
swer to repression. .
Whnt nrc the American Soc ia list nnd labor mo \'e·
rncnts to learn fro m the sto ry of lnst May Dny?
Are the)' to learn thnt lobar must bend its buck in
dumb submission to no maHer what tyranny? Are
they to lenrn to ba re their heads to tJre clubs of
Orq nnizcd \•iolence ond to submit their Ibodies to
the will of pre judiced courts to the end~ thnt the ir
so res mil)' heal behind priso n h nrs ? Or nrc they
to learn the lesso n that their European brothers
prostitute press in suggesting that the radical
mo\·emcnt is nbout to resort· to tCrrorism ; bo mb
throwing, nssnssinotio n, one! mo b vio lence ; the fact
thnt the nutho ritics ttllo w, a nd in ma ny plnces e '•en .
encournge the o rganization of irrespons ible groups
for the express purpose of intimidating nnd terror·
izing the worke rs ; nnd the psycho logy of submis·
s ion aentcf in the Socia list and Ln bo r mo,·cments
thro ugh the ir o rgans o £ public it)' a nd •the nd\'ice of
the ir " lenders.'' The three o r four ' hundred a l·
lcgcd soldiers nnd sailors, who take ;efugc in their
unifo rms. could not successfully interfe re with
1111)' duly o rganizetl meeting o r pnra de exce pt with
the conni,•nncc nnd approva l of the police a nd judic inl a uthorities, who a re oiH·io uslv do minated by
the powerfu l mone)·ed interests of .titc countr)', and '
the fnct thnt the doctr ine of subrni:-sion which has
been preuched by the mis lendc rs of the radical
mqvcrnent has de\•itnlizcd tlte spirit o r the ra nk nnd
fi le.
.
The Ame rican Labor a nd Socia list hto,·c me nts
hn\'e hnd ample wa rning of wluH , thc)' mar. expect
in the future-and to the intelligent "forewa rned is
fo rea rmed . " The or~l y method by which thc1 wo rk·
ers con safeg uurd themse h ·cs is the ir own orgnn·
izntion. We expect no thing fro m the nuthoruies .
except the kind of treatment we received o.n Ma)'
Dlt)'· \li'c nsk nothing fro rn the ca\)itnlist stnte. Its
\'Cry violntion of its o wn h )•pocritic11.l princ iples is'
wo nderful pro paganda ' ·fo r rcvolutio nnr )' S~inl·
ism.
~
The wo rkers nrc getting tired of dumb ll'u bmis·
s io n to inexcusohlc hrut:tlity.
and
I
f
"~rkers'
-
j
�The New York Communiat
2
5h• New York
COM.M UNIST
Official Org1m of the Left Wing Section,
Socialiat Pa rty
Own ed and Controlled by Local
Greater New York
Editor
j o n N lh :t:n
A$.sociate EcliJor
EAUM O:"N. :\I M "I\I.l'I NE .
n,l$incs.s
Manager
M AXUIII. IAN Com::'\ :
f:dilo rial Board
N. I.
~ 1. Zut~ K r.n
1-IOUIIWIC II
n. 0 . Wou·t
J.
WtLENK I N
Publi•hed E very Week.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
Yeur ------------------------83.00
6 ~l ouths ------------------ ---- 1.50
3 Months ------------------- - - - .75
S ingle Copies, 5 Ceni.S
Bund le Orders of 10 or over, 3}'S Cents n Copy.
43 We•t 29th Street
-
-
- . New York City
The Golden Ruin of Capitalism
c APITAL.ISi\1 in America is ! mOthering beneath
its pil~ of gold. Gold from a ll the world bas
poured into the country in unccusing streams since
1914. Europe has gi\'en gold for food, for mu·
nit ions of war, for clothing, for c red it. And Europe
is dest itute a like of gold and c redit today. So des·
perate is the condition of the Allied Po we rs that
Ita ly is admitted ly bankrupt. F ra nce cannot secure
n loau uulcss it is under written b y Amer ica nnd
[njila.nd . nnd [nJ!Iatnd. until th~ "'ar lh~ U!!Ufef
of tl1~ ~n i J . I,;, .. been rrduet"d to m akm~ co n~
110n!l to ~panL'h tud~ in coruiderat ion of S pain'
lendm~ h~ r a paltry 175.000,000.
Amer ica. i~ r K:h "'· itl1 th~ blood-money o! a de·
va.'\l.ed "' Cltlt!. So rir h that .be i~ •mothering. f\o
countr )· can Lu,· hrr p roduru. Mill!-. factorie&,
work.!hul'" are d~ i flF down all over the country.
TI1e most desper ate r fforts ar e be ing made by un·
p recedcntell ad\'ertising campaigns to sell e \'Cr ·nc·
c umu lntirlg 'stocks of commod ities. But goods of
a ll sorts Jl ilc up upon n !iuffocating country.
Americn hns lnst the ma rkets of Euste rn Europe
bccn\J:<e of re\'olution!l. E' ·ery other market in the
world is too po•n to buy, und in self-defen,.se the
greatest o.f the m luwe proclaimed embargoes. The
c red it sy~ll!m. the life of trude, has collaJJSecl in the
nhscnl'c nf a has is for c rt'tlit. And according to
the glmlmy fort.'t::l"t h )' F red I. Kent, \ i icc P resi·
de nt ,Jf tilt' lla nkers Trust Compa ny of New York.
i\mericn mu, t ~n on nccumula ting surplus gold
. f rom its fore igu cred its at the r ntc of $ 1,000,000,·
000 a year!
CttJlitn l i~m i" ru ineil in Americ u by its pi les of
. golcl.
Our Position Regarding May Day
TilE brutnl
of
uniformt.-d mobs
nttucks
UJuln Socia lists un Mny Oay were not
wholl )' une~ J ICCtcd . T ht."l"C demon ~t r:~ t ion :; were
delibcrntcly organized hy the sinister rcnct i(lnnr ies
re pre.o;e nt ing ln\dt•:o:o plutocr nc)'· and represented
the hcginning of 1111 ofTensh·e against " Bol!:he \•ism.''
With the innocent !'ufTercrs frfl m these outrngcs
we hn\'C the prof oumle~t sympathy. and we shnre
with the m the ir r:-t~c mul horror.
Howc,·cr. i!' it not one of. the i ron it.~ of fate that
by fa r the greater 11111Uhcr or thm:c nttrH'kccl were
not Bol.she \·iki nt nil. but those who helic\'e thnt
Sociulism t·nn he adliC\'I'd by l'eucenble and order·
· ly " legal'' mcthml-,? When we consider this fnct.
,. it is perft.-ctl )' understnndahle thr~t the Call should
th reaten to sue the city for dnmnges, a nd Jemund
"police prntoct ion" for Socinlist meetings und
demonstrntions.
Ne,·erthc iess, that . i11 not uur Left Wing posit inn
n.•co~; 1 tizc thnt th is is the Jlcriod of the ,Sot:inl
He,·olut inn. and that llll f \'a rious Fcdf'r:d nml
Munic ipnl Co\'ernulcnts . wh irh nrc gett in~ reml)'
io outlnw r ,·cn ' 'legal" Socia lism . hm·C in f:tct nl·
re:Hiy out lnwetl it. ;md tlo uot iutend to p rutet·t
Socin l i~t:-~ of l lfl )' stripe from the fun • o f the Black
Hundreds nnd their White Terror. .
The Telescope
We
We know th nt the dnrk clouds :1ro lowering
niJo,·e uur t'ttU::c, 1111d 11·e W('lenmc the t•ominJ:; o f
tlwt t ime wl1en it ~h n ll be clen rl y H.'t'n by the
workinf!:-c lnss tha t its :m lvnt ion i~ in its own hands.
· We mu:-t Le ~o strong by urxt May Oay that
these Da rk Force:: sha ll noJ dare to ntt tu:k us -or
if th e~· do. th:tt they know we shall Lc pre,,aretl to
defend ourselvc:ii with · someth ing better thnn luw·
!'uits.
(..,
All honor to the Comrades who dored to re·
s ist !
The Emergency Convention
its first issue Th e
the or gnn of the re·
I Nnctiona
r )' rnnch ine in Locn l New York, urges
Socitrli~t .
the P a rty me mbe rship to support the call for n Nationa l Emergency Con\'Cnt ion which i!< a t p resent
hefore the Pari)' for refere ndum \'Ole. This cnll
wns initintcd by tho Left W ing immediately the
a rmist ice was signed, though some time e lnpsed before the proper mach iner y wns set in motion, nnd
h as been strenuously fought by the Rights up to
U1e preseut t ime.
\
The chnuge o f henri wl~
.;:ch The Socinli~l note
would seem to indicate we uld the refore be welcome if it was ins11ired br h~nest con\'iction, but
benr ing in mind wh at ha pp<.: ed nt St. Louis, when
the " leaders" nppa re nth ' fel ~ in line with the wishes .
of the .me mbersh ip a nd stiTrjuently \'iolnted all
tht pri nciJJl~ of thr St. Loui• rh<llution, it u ·~11
to 80tk for the jol..er in the p r~t R i~h t \'r inr at·
titude. In tht 6nt p lace th i.• . n~w attituM it a
confirmation, if confi rmation waa oecded. of the
Left v;· in~ content ion that the rank and 61e or the
Palfy 1Und for re,·olut ionary Socia liam and *'ant
s uch n.con\'cntion t or the p urpose o f clarifying the
Pa rty's position: In the second place it ind icates
thnt the .. lenders". nrc up to the ir o ld gnm~-appar·
e ntly accepting the will of the membership while
r elying upon the ir contr ol of the Part)' machiner y
to carry out their own purposes.
T he big is..r;;ue her"Orc the P nrty at the pr esent mo·
rnent is: Which lntCfnationnF T he Pnrt)' offic ia l<lorn h as a lready decl ured itself by 'accepting Hn)'$·
mans' im·itation to pnrt ic ipnt» in the reactiona r y
Second lntcrnnt iona l a nd illcgnlly nppointing dele·
gates to thnt body. Finding, h owC\'Cr. that the sen·
t imc nt nf the mc mhersbi p is O\·erwhe lminglr OJ>·
posed to a ny coope ra tion with the Sche ide mnnn·
Huysmnns·Brnnting cl ique. mul be ing sa\'ecl from
the d isgrace of actua l p nrtic ipnt ion in the Berne
Congress by the de lay in o btaining p assp.orts, the
Pa rt r bure:mcrncy now pretends thnt it is anxious
to ha\'e n conve ntion where the matter may be fully
d i!<eusscd , nnd so hopes to rega in the confidence of
the rm~nnd fi le to the end tha t it Ill:\)' clominate
s uch con\'ent ion.
T he attempts in N1:w York to d isfranch ise the
Left Wing through "reorganizat ion'' schemes. a nd
the New York Stnt.e Comm ittee rC:-tOiution call ing
for the e~pul::ion of Left \1;1ing Br.mches a nd Lo·
cals. through wh ich it is hoped to suspend the re\'o·
lutiomtr.)' ~ection of the me mbershi p wh ile the \'Ot·
iug for dclcgat\.."5 to the com'ention is tnk~1 g p lace
nrc :1 pa rt of the genern l p lnn to controlthc'c;.gming
COII\'Cnt ion.
It is vitally necessary tha t the re\'olutionnry sec·
tion of the Pnrt y be on its guard against these at.
te mpts and !'CCS to it th nt the delegates to the
Emcr~r.ncy Nationa l Con\'ent ion sh a ll be men a nd
women who will once nnd for a ll se\'e r our P nrty's
relation<> with the gang of bour geois thugs wl10 nrc
at pre::ent di::grncing the nnme of Socialism in Eu·
rope.
}T
i ~ n •a ll y :-urpri,;iug huw tttur·h ,..,lilt: pr•oph·
h•:·
lie\'C in :1 pltr:t!"t'- :trtl'r a ll thi .. t inw tlu· !:hi·
np jtt'alin,.: to tlu:· " II. JHtinl:~. "
IICSI' ~ t rt•
\Vc a rc p lc:l:"l.'d to lu• a hlt• to ;unlnttrtt'L' that The
SnrialiM, tltt! nffi,·ia l nr,.:an uf tlu· l'ink T.·rr.. r, hns
:11 la,.t made it!" appcaraucc.
It i..; :m xiuu!O l u kunw wltt·n· tl u• l.t·ft \\' in~ gt ·t ~
ii!O uwncr. We ean wel l imagi m· that the pn·scm·c
of a ny moui.-y twcr whit·lt the Bird •t Win,.: h.•, 110
contro l i:o a ::ource of cun,.idcruldt: lllll1o)' :•m·1· to
many Comrades.
The editors uf T h..: Socit~li~t ure not 11 \ 'Cf)' well
in for rne~ bunc h. to judge L)' their IIIIJlCr. They
nrc contmually nsk ing q uestions. We lu: iug gen·
er ous of our store of knowledge would like tu put
the m on the r ight track. Tlms we wou lcl re pl y to
the question : " How IUiut )' of the ra nk nnd fi le wil l
be foo led?" by say ing thnt we don't know the e~nct
number but thut the steady g rowth of the Left
W ing seems to indicate tha t the numhc r is da il )·
diminish ing.
"Where then is the Hight Wing of wh ich the
self-styled Left talks ~o much ?" is somcwhnt o f a
poser to us ns we have not yet pcrfL'C ted our spy
system. Uut we would h nzard n guess: In the
soup.
We must congra tu la te The Sociuli~t on one dis·
covcry nt least.
We arc informed tha t " Hulc or
ruin'' is our p olicy a nd we are g lad to know fro m
t.hi!> a uthorati,·e M>u.n:t tha t the rule of the Right
W in ~ is r u in . We admit it ia. And a.a we behoe
. in u n i t ~· we wou ld a u~gett tha t the o&ic.UI p olicy of
lhe R ;~hl be knowt~ u Rule <md Ruin.
For the more lurid t.ac1ie~ of the Right Wins aee
our apecia l yellow t upple:rnent, T~ Sociol..W.
"Wlt~ is the r nnk a nd fil e?" asks The Sociali~t.
\"l'e nrc stumped,, we don' t know who they is.
\l;1e h a\'c been in formed tltnt eh a rSes h a\'e not
been p refe rred against Gitlow ns reported in · our
last issue. We nrc in"est ignting the matter a nd
hope to h ave Gitlow a rra igned before the Left
Wi ng to expla in whr the Right.s h ave not prefer~ed
ch a rges ngninsi him.
The " bomb p lot" hnving now sen •ed its pur pose
is bucked off the front p ngC a nd a lth ough th e re are
now no bombs in the Post Office, it is hinted that
the usua l number of boobs still fill execut ive
cltairs .
It seems stra nge to us that the Pence Conference
should be he l1d on Ute hnnks of Ute Seine.
.•
. Standing lfeadline : Peace Ready For Signatures
Enrly Ncxl Week.
Th e Rebel Worker repr ints the following under
the head, "Socinlist ~d ucat ion": ·
"'Orgrmizer Valent ine Ba usch re ported th at n
night worke rs' b ranch had bee n organized, but tha t
the Socia list F:ducationa l C lub will not a llow the
Lrnnch to meet in the club because its members 'do
not bcfong to the Amc.ricnn Federation · o f Lnbor ,
but to a n independent organ izntion.'- M inutes of
Hudson County ~N.J .) Committee, Socia list Party,
N.' Y. Call, AprH 18, 1919."
We would l ike to amend The Rebel Worker head.
line-l\lodernte Socia list Education.
I
I
.
�The
N~w
York Coamnmiat
J
Eugene V. Debs' Position
1i 0 U L
U N C 0 N·
the
Wing hu
peni!tenLly uaed
his name to support all their ac·
tiona.
QL'"t.RABL!"-
IU~t
The ve-t Ion
lor
humaniry
which ;. the
kcr·
note of Drehe' n'• ·
ture, and which
inldl iDnritahly
be the counter·
part of a pu·
s.ion.atc hatred
against the ey ..
which op·
preaaea the
t=
worker~.
hu
been u.oed to repreec:nt him u an
apol ogUt for the
comprollliaing at·
titude ' ••umed
by the pia<»
inmt..in8,
!"'ling,
't'Ol~
Jel!er·
li.beralt
who have too
Jons controlled
10nian
He.-ilh
publioh hio It<·
ter to Roee Potor Stoke., whieh
abe recei't'ed
wi1hlD tho
lut
Un·
lilto tho .Uopl
letten quot"ed
~aan.t ua by our
Sebei demanD~ ,
r-
daya.
but
De't'el"
·t
pro·
ducod, thia lot=
M u a!Uhoutivc
',
md an.oHcit.ed d~ ad pr.,._ tMt DOW •
.... Doho ;. true to tho prilleipW. ODd leOchiDp of
thor. - - ' Dol>o f""" · tho
Party iD tboir iDrilotiOII to tho
~
olci&lclom of -
Party
11Unll--'- -
�'
The New York Conurnmiat
Why Political Democracy Must Go
By John Reed
I .,
country u in the hAnda o r the gt"flllt aggrega tion.
o( capita.!.
0DERATE "Socialism"- Menaherum Thu~ proceN of concentiM tion of wealth into U1e
night Wm flisrn-i:~ b&:toed l a r g~l>· on the theory· Lhar the claM PltU~ fZ ie - ·ill be wo n by c aplur · hand.• of the few .bcf!an dur ing the Ch·il War,
ing the r olit ica l J'O "''I"'t throu~ the ballot -bos- wht"n t.he mllnulact urera of munition!! of war , the
th.at ~roUf!h & prtiC"C.!l of paduaJ , OtcJ t:rJ)' pt og - pun·e~· o r ! of pr lwisi o n~. and Ut-: f )l<CC'Ulat o r ~ pi l«<
up co lo,a l fonunos. Thi , " ' U the 1l('riod "·hen
t"'eM, the eln-t ion of candida ! ~ to office and the pall·
J. P . Mo rp:-an l11id , tile fo und t~ ti o n s of h i& riches
N~ of J.oda l rrform l egi~ l,& t io n, c~tp it.alism • ·ill
p o""' weakn- anJ weaker, and th e Corut itution will Ur .cllinp:- d cfec-:i~~ rifire to the Go' ·CTTimenl . and
~ amendrd mt o a chartrr of the Coo per&IJve Co m- J o hn U ' an 11 mal:~ h)' p ro,·irlmg iUJodd,- unifornJ.S
fo-r the lini on tr oops. The O oa t in ~ of GovCTnment
monwe.ah.h, ':! t l.lf' peacr.ahl y abo liMed.
Tiu~· modern capitA II~ .. tate, ln the word s of Man , Wa.r Lon.ru, a l! o, hro u,ht int o th e h an& of a fey,·
i.e .. noth 1ng k .u than o ffUJ.Chin' .for 1M oppr .. u i.on hunker ~ on immenN: fin ancial power. lmme:diatel y
oj O M dtuJ by orwtlu-r , on.c/ tluJJ not leJJ 10 in o aftu tltt \\'ar, the looting of the S<•ut.h, the e1pM·
aion of indu5try , the gird ling of the continent ..·it.h
ckmocroJic rl"pu'bl~e thnn undtr o monorch_
' - ..
uilroads. the "poli11tion of natura l I"C!IOU rce!, and
Th is p ropo!'ition waJo the r ock u pon - ·hich the
tlte 11J)eculation in land . a.uum ed \'a!lt proro rti oDs,
~t~eond lntern:"' tionol ~p lit at tJ~e bej!umin~t of the
and h«omt g la rmttl )· 1\j.tparrnt to the petit hour ·
Eu.t O))Ufi "'' at.
Ttw d o mina nt Mo derute "Social·
geoi5i~the ama ll prc.pcrt~· hulde u .
i.!t~> ·· of .:II ro untn~ ~oooner . or later embraced the
Thi!i cl:.!is then c o n~i.ted I Rr~el)' of farmeno. Tite
form •1l a tl1ot '' po l11 ical democ racy i~ benet th an
t eAt of U1t' po..,u lation, "h en h ard -pre>!'Cd, co uld
autocu c~ In Ger m,my the M a j o r i l~ Socilll
ft1Yt· a ~· 5 lt:dVe the ci ti e!t and p:-o out o n thL :nuflure·
OemOC' ratic luden; to ld their foiJ o y,·ers , "RuJJUJ
It s ~ frt'OC: land! of the "' e!il. · So the fi r!'t re,·oh
Uvt:.aU ru • frn' Gnm.any.
il ' ~ rnuJt m obilut
o r the emnll l't o per1~- holden ... 85 ·~ain st land&l-OUUI TJori.J nl ."
lr1 r ranre [ng:land and ll d l)",
loLohnfl. and culmmate:d ~dt1 port ia! •u«:eu in t.hrW y Mid "lJrJt:.nd ' lh mocra.ry' a&aiTLJI ow:ocro · H omt:"lt'od La-..·.
ry . Grrman mliuorUm •hrealt~ w . ThiJ i.J thr
But the former " "3!1 a t the me r r~· of a ll tl1e peat
i"QQ" that u·ill rn.d w_
ar ."
in t e r ~ t a . The,· contr o ll ed U1r- uilrond!!>, the mar·
The da..'l.r-<O n !<i o u ~ pr o letari at of a ll lands ""' &5 keb. tht LADkJ': Ute P rice of tLoo ls. In apite of the
r ipe fo r tnaN" o pp o ~u t wn to Lh e War . Thr worlen.. hi ~h rr i c ~ paid for product dur ing tht War, the
knew in st1m·t iH"h' that this \\ ~~~ hlld noth ing y,·hat· • farmer ,_.. ~ bad !)· in debt. 11~ had not b«n ahle
ever 1(, du -.,·it.h " drmocracy " or " aut ocu q- •·- to pu rcha~ Government &eeuritie!o, but he had l"leoe"O
but Yt'lUI merd ~· on mtrn!< fo rm of compe tioion be- fo rced to pa y ru ino us L1x~ . "hOW! impoait1 on ..,. ~
tween tYt·o ,r ou p' of Yt o rld ·pll•pinf! imper ia listk l!u p po rtcd hr t.he m an ufacturer~> in the to"'"TII, be.
P o..,·en. • t r u ~;gl m~; for c onlro l ... r mnrkeu y,·hi ch ca u ~ tht y octu.olly JtiJTW/o.ud buunen
ha d bern rnadt n ~e., u r)' thr ouEh tht gigantic de·
TI1e new m o ner · kin ~ we;e monipu la.ttng the
Yrl o pment of Financ~ lmr)Cr ia ll !m .
c urrenry f>O th at the Go'•emmen t y,·ould redeem t.he
EApce1all ~· in Amt r iea y,· ~ thi 5 h r t clear . )'l;ot
dtp roc:iate:d .&OC" urit ie-s held b)' them, and thro w the
b)· t.ht remote-st et rt-tr h of the Roo!~t:ve lhan imag· burden on the bacU of the " ·o rhrt and t.he amall
ina tion co uld the people be con\' meed U1 :\t we .,·ere propert y ho lders. Thil · led to the bcginninttl of
. threatt"ned L)· an y{ "R Ut oc raC" )' ' '--eJ.Upt indus · re,·u lt againat the p-eat inter esllo, in which the
tiial auiOC'U Li , whH~ h h nd tdread\· captured the f ounWt ion y,·.,. Cheap M o ne y-G reenb ack.i~m . Pop·
countiy. The United 5 tatcs dec lared y,·a r aher tllftt: uli sm , and lat er , 4'Br~·a n'• Free S ilver ca.mpa igm
rean of Euro pe.m co nfli c~ h ad brou~h t homt to the o( IWt:nt )"·fi \'e )' C.SN- ago.
underlitandmp: of tht cl.u!'-cOnhCiOu!l wo rkCTll of
Thi l' i.• the rral Ame riclin l!. nce;t~· of American
nC"Utra l rou ntri ~. "'' ith r.ickt"nin(! clearness, tht fa) . Socia lism , u po!"! y,·hich wt~ trT•fted the theo riee
•it )' of th~ \\'.J ~nilln formula, " T o make the world of ~l o r1 ian and- predomi nantl y- La.s.allcan Social·
a.ale fo r dem oc r&C')' ."
ism bro u@:ht from Europe by the Gcnn.anl' who
In enttrin~ t.hr: \\'a.r . the ruling ci&JO.! or the . emigrated aftef JMS; a.n~ the Fo urieriam intro·
Vnited ~ 1 11 1 ~ pla~· ct.l thf' pan o r a LMil.h t who has duced by Albert Bri~bane and H orace C url~.
hea vi ly financed one of t.ht two huge competing
The next re"o h of the prtit bourgoo iaie in
truM.~. and '-'ho, to defend hi s in\'~lmf:r1t, must 1 America " "a..s the ProgrtMi\·e Movement. Th i5 a) .
~Ow in aJI hia t e!oO U tl:"~ to get t id of tht co m·
ao occ urred after a " 'It- in t.hia cue, a frankl y
petitor .
lmperi a li1tir war ..,·h ich marked tbe forma l en ·
Hcnc:e th,. St. Loui !l Rmolut ion ,_,j the AmerK:a.n trance of American capita li11m into the period of
Socialis't P ar1 y-the ma ndat e of t.ht' ra.nk apd file Capi talist · lmper ia l i.<~; m. The who le per iod wu
of the Party to
Pan ~· leaden. which wa~ d i~rc-· aummed up in the emergenct o f the gyeat tTuJta
~rded b\' them a'ain and a~a in a!l the~· 5Utreml·
durin~. the admini ~trat1 o n of McKinley and Mark
«ed , little by little. their oppo!li ti on to the \\'ar.
Hanna , the open ad\•oc.acy of hi~h tariff a, no lonp:r
The formatton of the l...rft Winft. and :u .harp to " protect infant indUJtries," o r to incre.a.ae wa ~.
ca11 to the Soc iali11t movement to aho lieh the M>Ci al · hut u a ba~i~ (or the @Teat mono poliee of the meam
rdo rm p la.nU in Party platfornu , hu pa.ed witll of production ar.d distril•ut ion in the l'nited States,
euttin~ di s tinctn~~ the quC!Itio n of whether or not
and a weapon in the internati.enal war of Carita! ill
we ahall try to win Soc iali sm by mea.na of political lmperialism-" Dollar Diplomacy."
clemocracy. mak ing Ute of the capitaliat State ma ·
The Prorreui\'e Movement properly ~CKalled..
wu a rd arm movement to reehape the Republican
II.
Par1y •A that it would aot be am.ashed by the
l..a ua fOr the moment eumiDe the character of sr~in! hostility of tho omlll proporty·bolckn,
made doop•nlo by the ruth)_,_ of Bi! Buai·
AmericaD poliLcal democr.cy.
lo Lhia eoODtrJ, u in
modern .. democratic"
h advocated all 10rt1 of cbecka upoo the
counttiea., there ,re two aidea t'o ~o.-eniment-politi· powa- ~r Bis Baa~r-eform of the electoral
cal and economic.
policiea of modern " demo-- laws. ao u to ~Ye tho 'maaU propmty-holden a
cratic:" countriel an dictated by l.be capitalitt voice in the BOYerDJDent (initiati•• and ftf .....
.. W.t.enU."
AJ Woodro• Walton baa pointed d~ recall . direct elect.i~D of Seoator"' Woma.o
o.- iD hia Nt.w FreeJom. the 50fti"1UJlC!!It or thit SW!r.,.): low will (a _. of JDO<iiliod Free
l\1
u,e
=-r.
an
The
'·
Trade I; and many other meaaurer. of relid", wh.k.h
· weTC ezpre,~ with all t.heir aign if1canoe and all
their •h o rt -11ig ht~dneu in the var iou.! Anti.Trul:t
ActA , lnt,..n tate Comme rce Comm iui oM, etc.
La Fo llett e Yt'AII Ute &tron{let.l and mO!Jt uncom·
pro misi ng leader of t.J,f PtOfrTe!oah·e Mo"emenl ; he
ay,·a.kened, fmlt , t.he lm4 ll pro perty-ho lden or hia
S t~!-, and then of the entire co untry. The great
capitali~ t a ...,·ho at 6nt fought' Propauiviam.
•fin ni!J· rea l ~( .'! ~e futilit y or o ~ Lartl e, and re'<>rtc.-<t to U1elf ume-h onored tact 1ca of capturin£:
th e mo,·ement. ~fen like Gcortte Perkina, of the
United States S teel Curporati on--orw: of the mott
po wt.:rf ul of Ute tru,u--fmanoed tlle Prop-cuive
Party and b«.amc one of iu leaden. To apeak
p l11inl)·. hl! bought it . R oot~evelt , when in the
White H ouw:, at fir~ t fought t.he Pr o~cuivea... &
ing a r.ltreYt·d po litic ian, bowC"\'tt, ht aoon saw
th at Pr ogre~~ ~ i\· i ~ m wu going to win. and took
"'""l" m ufll of the w~pon.& in t.he Pr ogn!·s&i \·e arinory ,
fl ouri!ohing t>tem al oft in the 11i~t of all men, a.od
em itting lo ud crics. The fi~h t o£ Pro p-e::s!,i \'Wn
agaimt the tru!Ui auume:d tuch ptopnr1iona that
it blocked th ~ Mor@:an iotere:slli in their p lam for
c o ~ao l ida tin g the 11t t!e) indu! try of tht- country in
one hu ~e . prof1taL le and im·inciLie truaL \\'heroup on, thr- Mo rt::an intera;L<t unleashed the ~M:: of
1907, and the Go\'em.ment Sue in,
Thi !i v: as not tht> enrJ: ho we,·er . The Mo\·t:ment
under I..& f o llette a~umed peat propor1io n1. Mo:-e
and mo re o penl y. with an C"\'er gnAtn and peatt::r
fo ll o winr. I..a foll ettt attacked Dig Dusi nou.. The
p lut ocracy Wa !'l frif::btened. lr agents, Pc:rkiru and l
othrn, attempJed in n in to ch eck t.he gTOwth of
petit houtEf'IOia revo lt . Rooote't'elt. returning fr<.Africa, YtiU. mak ing a triumphal tpur of Europe.
amo ng other th i n~11 reviewing the P6uia.n Guard
at the 1ide of the 1\.ai.J.er. ~ of Perbn.a
went to mee-t him, ar.d IIClCTd plan~~ were laid by
wh ich La Fo llette wu to be di.placed.
The oppo rtun ity arri\'ed. La F o llet:te, Prop-eaei,·i,.m'• P~iden tial candidate, waa inYit~ to the
Puhli5hCTll' Dinner in Phil adelph ia. There, with
c haracteriatir fra.nkneu , he told the ·edit on and
publi shera of America t.hat ~ preu u.'GJ conlrolkd
by Bi& BwWu whi.ch wed il to cl.k~ the
pdiJ bour1eoisi.c. • ·
Th is wu the 5igaal fo r Bip; BwiDCI!la to au..ck.
The artillery o£ the great ' pteM, wh ich had
been conci liating ita aubecriber.--the mAj ority o£
-...·hom were small property holden-by Comment·
ing fav orab ly upon ProgreMivU:m. now turned up·
on La Follette a.nd hlutcd him with co ntempt and
ridicule. And al the u.me time Perk.in.a and the
other leaden came out for R~lt u P~
aift ea.ad1date.
t
The R~publie.a.n Party, willin8 to Ieee rather
than to adop t the La F ollcaism with which the
rank and file of the petit bourpi.,~ wu inff!ICI.cd.
i.ruolcntl)' eup pf"e81M!d the amall property-holden ia
the f.hi ca~ Convention in 19 1.2 n~ Pro«"*'i.-ee
made a 6Fht. but it wu a loeins 6~~ and they
knew it , and '"' did the amall property-holden all
over the country, who, dc.pair-iq: of the Repu.bU.
ca.o Party, tl=w mooa of their oappon to tho
Democrat.L
Bis Buou-. knew th.t tho ..II prop.ty-loold"" ,.ould probably elect the Preoiclom ....I C..
- · bat theyrc....,.....,...7J
aloo noalioocl """ tho .... -
�The New York CommUDiat
T
s
Left Wing -Notes
IE Left Wing organi.uuoc
~
decided to sup·
p ort !he ~ ll o .,.mg nu.uin'!'Oe!l and uk all ro\•olutionan· Socia liAb to do likew&Ar :
Fo r t hr !'t'ot:('nal £.xt'ruJ. i11r Committu , 1st Du·
tru-1 · /\'. / . 1/hunl:u-h , ft'. L . EdWCJrd Lmd,:.rt>n,
Brool.h·n, " '· L, Loui..J C . Frwna . llo tlon, !tfllJs.
f or l ntanaJwnal Drlt'F,alt'J : / . £. frrFwon, ChiCilf. O, Ill ., John Had, f'i. L . Lcup C. [r~ Bos:on,
Man, r.. £ . Rwhn'.~,,.~ .cJ,~. 0.
,''Editor of TM ComrrwnUt : ln your an.icle e'D ·
t itlr;d 'Pink Terror ' in connection with the re-or·
@:Mniullon of the 17th A. I>., you have blackmailed
me, ';_a yin(l tl1at I hne to ld the poliCC'fTIAD in the
front of Jul ieue Hbll about the dUruptera of the
o ld lith, that they an: anarchiliL' and do riot" beline m the conllltution . and they Ahould be d~port·
ed. I therefore demand conclu!>ive prooh for thi1
tllatemenl or an apology on your part fo r m.iJ!.
11u1ement of fact. 1 only rccoll« l of one inllanee
"'·hen I "'·as forced to leel\e tl1e hell to help to p re-\'enl onr of the merubcu hreaki n ~ the ~ l aM in the
fr onl d oor . The 11ame of the member wl,o tried 10
break
@'Ius i1 Novick..
"' Ho pin@' that you "'11! givt; space in your next
i.uue to tbU correction.
.. EWANUEL Bu.HrtSTtt" ...•
mau action of the' workln oa both the ecoDOmie
conqut:!t or the pc.litK:.al ~t.e. and
.
JI'MreOJ: Re"olutionarf Socialiam in practioe
hu demoNtratcd that it ia througb the •pontaDeou.
identical princip le. which the Rt.-olutioa from
time to time dnelopee.
wd political field.o, ihat tbi 6.nal atruule fo< po-
litical control i.a won, aod .
•
W Mrca.A Rt:'\·olutinaary Soc:i.a1i.nn in prxtioe
hu ClemoMtratcd th'at the; woR.e.n can not a.e the
madlint:ry of the caviLali.tt lltat.e to .abli.eb tile
cooperali\'e commonwuhb., a.Dd
W.hueo.J : Group1 .within the Soc:i.alilt Panylu.ft!t
or,aniud ror the purpo.e of (orcin< tbe SociaJ.
is& Part y to 1&l..e a at.and in conforplll:y with 'tbe
Jn ,.j""· of Lhr- tderendum on the State Eucuti,·e
teach.inga of Revolutionary Socialitm iD prlldioa.
Cnmm•Hce rr-!!o lut ~nn to-"' npd Ill I brlllKhe!! a.nd
T/~,Jore : He ; t rf!IIDind th.t we the Yo1m1
lt.cal !! that han: join ed the Uft Win ~ Stw-tion all
Pr.nple'• Socialat League of the United St.a~a m
the bra.nr hM n.nd loca l!! thro ugho ut t.he State r.hould
convention uaembled do urge upon the Soci.al~
m ake a rranJZemenlA t n hne l.....eh Wing spea..ken
Pazty of tl" united Statea the ll<lOeJilance of the
llla.le ow cue.
f ollowi"-8 principlm:
; I)) Eliminatio)n of IOCi.al reform plank. fr.c:a
l,.('fl \\' lnF ~peaker• can be ec:cu.red by com·
their platfomL
.
mun:c:1tm,e with Muimilian Cohen, Sa:Tetary o f
R ESOLUTI O:\ adopt~d by tl~e Young People'•
(2) a. A ~"gnition of l'e'YolutioDIJ'}' iadllllrial
the Lt-h \\ mg Section. 43 West 29th Street, r\ew
:ioriali, t l..e.aflue of '1anhattan to be propotot:d unionism. not merely u a mean of beoefitt.in«: the
York City.
h~· t h~i r ddl"~ilte to the :S ationa l Com·ent ion of the immediate, «onomK: conditiona of the worker.. but
Young P l"o p le'& SociBiiAI l..ca~e of the United as a weapon in their cooquest Or political power.
.'\11 Lrh Wing rommuniutions for thi.Jo column
Statee.
.
b. A sene.· al propaganC;la aDlUill the w~rk' flh ould l..r addre.st>d to Mu1imilian Cohen, 43 Weet
Jl'hcr~!w : The Younf! Peo ple'• Socialist League au for the above purpoee.
:
2Vth Sueet . 11nd ~houl d reach him not latet" thlll1
of the Lnited StAt~ ie 8\'owedly an o r~aniLation
(3) a. A recognition of the gmcnJ rna. actioa
Tu~ day mon 1injl for in.&Ution tile ume wec.k.
for the purpose of prq:Jariu~t the youth of the· of th~ workerli on all fronta u their fi.nal method
Tiu·'Citv Conunine or Greater Nf"W York pa,.&ed worL: inE cia!>~ for the fi'lTUg(; le of the - ·orken lllo'ith or .ei.zing tbti political lllalt:.
their
opprm.~or~ and for the fm:.l conquest of pow·
,b. An educational prop&«anda for the par·
U1e fo llo ""·ing motioru lll ilft l.;t moetmg. Ma)' 5,
er h,· the " 'orking clas~; and to aid a ll other or· pote of guiding spont.a.neoua maaa actioo ioto ffto19 19,
' I l l TI1at a ll~nera l con\'ention he held for the gan~<~tions ~·ho!>oe. purpOtlt: i& tl1e r'marK"ipatfon of lutioDal'}' eb&D.DC:la..
(4 ) A rerognition of the. ..Dicta.ton.IUp, Or tbe
purpu!>oe of amalttarnaliog the sU Locah of Great· the - ·orken : and
lfhueru : TI1e Young People't. Social~t Lea~e Proletariat'' aa the ~nl y form of ttate tluoosh wb..ich
c:r New York..
12' That the rrpr'C'IC'ltation to ~U com·ention of the \'&riou~ European countrio now in re\·olu. the workera can function u a domi.n.alin8 cl111 and
r.hall he direct from the branche! of eecb loca.l , t ion hne ken the mil itant C..o:ptet-!'ion of the re':'>' est.ahl ~h !Je cooperative commoawoahh upon tile
ruin1 of capi~aliam., and
each hran(;h ,.hall have one delegate and an adW· lutionary proletariat there, and
iJ'ht:rn..~: Re,·ulutionary Social itm io practioe
Be it further l"f»>ivcd that we .ball aid wish
t iona l deleEate f or t:"''ery 50 memhen in good ·
etftudinf:', arid that each loul and eac h branch of has· not only demonstrated the futi lity of IOCial re- tvery meana io OW' power the "Left WiD«"
form to 1trmgthm the ro"'·er of the • ·orken, but groups within the Socialist Party iD their work of
th~ f'il. local11 ehall be n otified to this effect.
(31 That Lt,e convention be held not carlter h a..~ 1hown al.!oo that it is countn·rC'\'olutiona.ry, and capturing the party for ReTolatioDUJ' Soci&J.i.m.
tcmb
to loolster up the pown of the muter c1aa. and
than ei.x or later than ei&-ht wee&& from May 6,
aud ·
Be it funb.r ,...I...!, that ,... ahall aid
1919.
W krca.J : The Socia1i•t Party or · the United of education among the working c1. . youth llha.ll
The following leuer wa." received from the 2nd State!, who!M! declared intent ion is the ei'!Wlc ipa· , be hued upon the rccosniad worD of .:Mmtific
A. D. Branch , Ne"· York : .-comrade.-A::t a well- tion of thu working daea. hu in the put. and ia ' Soci~tiUm in theory, coupled with an iaterpnt.bon
of Rt'1·olutionary Socialism in practice u cqa...ed
attended epecial moeting of the 2nd A. D., Social· still purauin~ a pro pam of &OCial reform. and
JT'Aereru : The Soc ia l itt Pany of the United by the principles . and tactica of the Commui:U..
i 11 Part)'. ca lled for the purpOM: of dibcuuing the
Ldt W ing Manifesto and Proiram and the advi•i· St.atCI' hu ' nt:\'er gi\'en fuJI . rccoptition lo the Pany fBolsheviki) of Rut~ia, and the Spaz:taau
bility o f affiliating ourAelves aa a branch officially economic powe~ of the. worker& u a mean11 to their Groups ill Germany, and all other pattie~ '1wilh
u,e
.·.
" 'ith the Left Wing. it waf! decided by a r!lll call
vote aha a long and deliheralt: d iacuasion by the
mem..Lc:n. that we officially N> dliate o1ll"lt::lvea and
elect two delegatet lo the City Committee of the
Left Wing.
..Eicctiom for two delt:'@'atee will be held thi.!
coaUng Friday "eoing, May 9, at oar rq;ullll'
..-log.
··Co~atulatin8 you upon oar Yictory, I am
..Fra.tcrnally youn;
"ELus Man, OrtmU-."
Local Wuhington, D. C:, hu adopud the Mani·
. . .
ff!llt o and Program of the Left Wias.
Hooe Pastor Stol<... will apeok :n the weol<ly
IDOCting of the 17th A. D. (unroor!anw.d) to I.e
held in the hcadquart<n, 1538 Madioou A....,ue,
oear 104tb Street, ou Friday. May 9.
On Monday, May 12. the Br&Deb will bold a
..._ ..-in! at tho Royal L,.,.;.,., 10 w ... 114th
s.n....
Wo han recei't'!ld the !ollo1f1D8 &ettet from
Eaw.uel 81.-ein, """ informanta iDUat that be
wu correctly quot..l. We augeat !hat be take
the up with the 17th A. D. which, ill apiio
of hil nl.iant offorts ,,.. the cootrary, llliU ramaina
._., moch au... We will-be
.--h.
Pel •
pabl.iab tho
r
DEAR JOHN REED ' The Scaodi.oa.W. Local, 0...
LEFT WINGERS!
HELP THE 17th A. D. REFURNISH
ITS HEADQUARTERS
W H E~
t he f.Jrn i tur~ was s t o len from
the lt.eadquarters of t he 17 A. D.
.
t he membt:rs fo und tlu·m selves confront·
ed .wi th t he task o f r1 bUilding, reorgan ·
izi ng and at the u m e tim e con tinuing
thei r propaganda. T~ey refu sed an offer
t o retu rn the furni ture and U!t thems-elves
t o their tas k T hey have worked unti r ·
in g ly and s~ nt their m o ney unsparingly,
hut witho ut o ut sid e help, th~y m ay fail.
WiD !i.e baDdrod c-.doa tla.ata
o- DOllar each to bolp -mtaii. U.U
..;tally _ . . r y .........tioa7
Adtlru. AU
C~"' JO
JULIUS CODKIND,
ID Eut flllll
... s-,
MAX .~HEN, (f• tloo Utili A. D.),
~ w... ~s-
luth (400 membon ) and the Duluth r..,;Iiab
Branc h (45 members ) bne indoned the ~11110
of the Left Wing and will gi•e them much auppon.
We welceme the Cowwum.JT a&d tr111t tUt eor·
ery local will order copiee of ume. We Deed the .
C OIOft!?flST and it mUll be backed ap. The worlt·
en lll'e tired of opportun.i.ua and waDI .::tioa. Mllll
we stand idly by and allow them ID ~ kept dio. r,.
gani.aod or mUll wert bUJy and do ooomShqP ·
SW""e MJa you a.od to N)' all of 111.
1\lor<: po- to the Left 11iq.
The jtutification of the Left Wins h<iD« J..._j
ia .een in the- uc:tica of ita oppollmlL 1l.ey beloos ID the IDsbt Wins, you aay? · Ahoat the •ly
time they ...,.. !liPL
rr-uy,_..
JACJ< c.iamo.
.
P. 5.-Saod to Jaclt c.n..,.-Ru Hooal, o.htth,
Mi=. 100 oop;. .....&ly.
A CORRECTION.
We ropo< that .... oar 1M ...., 1M "b
Time ol War" "!'• .-r~r ~ to lAUe
llryaol. iDateod of ID
V........ We
-.lor oar -lopa -.-a_
Mar_..
. ·..
�•
The New York C..mmuniat
The Productivity of Russian Labor
From,the Ruasian Soviet Government's First Annual Report
By+ l.omcrY
r
(Co~
Jrom ltu' t«d.)
lhat in llfJite of the whole 1um of eJ:·
tremdy unfa,·ornblf' obja:tivr- economic condi·
tiom, the productn-lt~· of labor be~;an to increue
at the bt~inning of 19 18 in a number of industrie:t.
And ...·hot ~ more, the" increue of produrtivity i1
not a .. Jighllr noticuhlr ptoef!$~ . but a \'ery rapid,
.trikinglr marhd o ne. In thr cast·,.tecl indtutry
lhe producth· it ~· ... ent up in April, in compari~n
with )11nuar\', l iU'~: in the cut·iron, 1 3 1 ~.,; in
the hydraulic ptt"'..'\ indu~lr)' 40';e , end onl y in the
car for~ ing hu it fallen 24 7(l, and there on aoc.ount
of 111 nwnber of cau.ce of an external character.
10 to 11pea.k..
January iA the. worst month.
After it, there bt:t:'m a rapid ad,·ance. TI1c:ee
rnuh ~ l HII\'e been the fnJJlA of proletarian clu.
.df-re(iance ezciWii\·ely. Price- •·a~ were firmly
introdur ed b\' ,. ,.pecial • "llgr'·fu..ing comm i!Sion
con&~sting of tt"prt·~niatJVe$ of the profe:l.,ion&J
unioru and the technicftl penontl ; :. t..hi. corr.mi.·
11on \'U\' cnenu:tically,'' u the apokesman uiJ.
"undertook 1u taM.."'' The resulll can already be
~eeo : thuu@:h a& JU't iy .PJinted out by the Kol~
mensk y "'·orkcr!l, itA "'·o~on l y began.
K't'mb,
Of the con!lta.nt ' increu.e in the productivity of
labor aher the introduction of the -=.ale, the rep·
resentati•e!l of the 1\.olubahky factory abo apoke.
lltal ing M c hurocteri ~ti r of the DlOO~ of the work·
en in the factory, the follo•·ing: .. We P.:Cently
bad to m.ake repai\3 w~ich we tlJought would take
two "cdtt., but the worieu made them in m d.)"',
and thai under' the wont condition&."
AnalagolU are the data of other diaricta. ln
tht Petrograd We&ting~ou.e fact ory. aha the tran·
aitiOn to pitr~ ·Wige& and the ~t.a.bHA..lunent of a
form of outpUt ~exording to ~eale, the ruulte
ahowed thetllM"Ives remarkably 1000. ln· the ameh·
ins indlUtry the ~port .how. the folloW~ 6s·
lll"'e. for 1918:
paoting: of the fi.nt 1unu forth~ pAyment of wagea.
the producti\'ity of labor began to grow~ and toward., the end of April wmt up to 30-40?0. l.n
Ma.koefk.a, which ~ u twice oocupied by the eo.
aacL and l.Jhainiaru, the daily outpul of coaJ from
the min" went up, frpm March kJ IN middLe of
A pril altmt, from 60,000 pood_, to 92,000. or over
50'/c-; and what is more, u the ehainn.tln of the
• ·arlen' committte of the ..Union," Engineer Ba·
jano\' wrrote, ..There j_, to he oblet'Yed a tendency
toward., a funher increatoe in the output of coa l...
The a.a.....1e conclu~iona are al&O Characterillic of
the Unl_dia.l:rict.
We bn~ more detailed inform&tion regarding the
ZlaLOU!>tovs.k)· di~tricL He~ is the corTe&poriding
t.a.ble of figure. in poods :
ftJ ·u on production :
January fdml&rJ
piJ·Uun • •..••• J.l.l,%:.32 17.1.88S.
R~m• d~
Car-t!nf. JliiJ·U"O ••••• •••• ;1-;".S.\.4
CnJ d~ IHm •·••••-•••• ••••
poodo
pood.
poodt
p oodt
i e., an increue in April u compared with January
of
337"-
[,·en at the B•ltic factory, where \he wap are
lower than i.n the factorie& of Moecow, Petrograd
and a number of prol•inical cities, ''in the month
of April it wu proven th1t the worken in the mat·
tt:r of producth·ity ," u the apokeaman, Comrade
1\.hromoff. indicatt:"d at the confertncr., "have pro
duecd almoet twice u much u in Ma.n:b, and we
1Uppoee that in the future, with •a ra.&.e in W l p
up to the nonnal tthe ecale wu oot yet introduced in th!it factory, the r)roduninty will rile
even higher." Analagou• information ia ~YeD
by the comndca from the encuated f.aoty "Ph~
nix" in Ribinek, which in December, 1917, bad an
output of 62 can, in January or 40, in February
of 18, anrl in March and April of 38 eoch "'"J>"C·
ti.ely. The C"Omrade. note lhe pat work dooe in
thil apbere by the {.:tory committee&. Similar in·
form~t ion we have from the Hattm..um factory m
L.ug:anlk, where the w11rken' committee baa INC·
oeeded in turning: out-instead oi tb.tee 1~._
u ic the fall- 13 locomotiTt:L The comrade.,
J:IMIIUheu of the committee~ of the much aderinr;
P~tronlty
So.U. I octori.. and MalodU (MiDiDs and MOI&IIurp:al "Uilioa"), draw the .._
pictun10 of tiMOr ..W.liohmellla.. At the p ...
ronlty loctory, aftu ito -~· ud the
2 ) ,27j,
~.JO
Much
~ l .MO.Ol
41 ~.
J7,1.2.S.J9
M.aMeooqk}' produclaon :
Man~n• ba" --- -- - - - --·
Pl.:d:ma l un~an producu on :
Moulda -··· · ··---·-·----- 37,401.
C...tJn• productwa :
147,134.
19,1f'O.
29,C9S.
J'.,:•lt'\.10 UIIIUp :
U1t;.h fuma rf: produrl it>t .•
...,.,
332.29
1.36710
Cupola lumacr productiu11. 25,099.()5 11.740.16 2(,,147.13
~tf'f:l lond1n(l pa..tlf: .......
33:!..33
1.726.29
& .2S
3Jl.l8
C"PI~ ' Jondm, pu1r --·-·
BOJ.Ol
\"aru~u• allora~:r pulf: - - 2.DBS.
1160.
1.207.
HollmJ producuoo :
~
l.a.tJt turd produclten.
Manrnt iron,p~iroo.
MIL!"1en.t aced.
CruciLif: a1rd ------- -· 61,947.
M.ddlr-60n productioa :
MIL!"1rn. ~uarc iroa
MIL!"1ent
!S,.916.a2 t8.192.79
~lJ~.i
Lf ~lfftij
191 5 -·------ ·-·1.938,682
191fl · · -·- ------- ...2.011.222
1917 · · · · ·------- - I.Rti.B.OU
4 niVnth• of 1'118. 4&11.,07rt
(ft"h. I ~ d•l·• l
Thi& proves lhat if the 'lUantity of moulded
p:g·iron hae decreurd in compa.ri..on with the beet
year, 19 16, litill for the first three and a half monthe
of 19 18, about 1,4 of the pig·iron output for the
whole )"ear 1916 wu luouldod. A. regards ban.
founded pif:·iron and the production of fir~oOe.,
f o r U1e 3!1 month. or 1918, the output wu
ahout 1/ 3 of the t.ntire production of 19 16. A.
regard.. founded Aloe!, for the fint 3}} montN of
19 18 . the total amount of moulding• in pood& n_.
cceded by 50j.:; the amount of m oulding! for the .
,.,·hoi~ year 1916. Thua io the 6r11t quai1er of 19 18
thert wu dead) TU.ible • proceu of gradual in·
CTeut: in the productil·ity of labor.
Furthermore,
in epi.e of the acute iruufficiency of the food auppl~-. the productiV"iry· of labor e\'idu.tly continued
to increue. r or eurnple, we •hall eubmit ~e
f ollo"·inft data of the producti,·ity of labor in a
number of important Pctrograd facto rie~~; the fol·
lo• ·ine tab le of figure. wu iuued by the Obucho•·
olcy-lmiU.:
.cad
,..now~
102.l59.
2,.889.
149.2154.
7..460.
coa.truc::ti011
iDdii.IOl" - -------- - - ---
Mar.
.\pr.
299.
218.11
In IUrvtying the prt::Stt~t tahle compiled on the
bui!l of the So\'it1.'11 repon s, at the ouL-.et tht ex·
lremt decrea~oe in output dur-mg February etri.kes
one'e f"~·e. Howe\·er, t.hi ~ i11 ~zplained by the ttaD·
aition fr om the old RUJaian calendar to the new
c.aln-~da r, thanb to which the number of daya in
r ebru..a.ry shrunk to fifteen..
.
Taking thi' into con, ideratioo we note that in
the ZlatouLlto-;"Joky diwict the dccreue in produc·
t ioo ceaw:d, and now there LA to be o~ a
ft"\'ene prdcc:M of iu growth in • uumt-1 v f indwtries, in the production of machine.. inm"u·
ment.&. p.ig:-iron ; there it a lao an increue in the
castin(l:·houae production, etc.
The figures of the prodl'clion of labor at the
Ural KAt.n- lvanouky lactory apeak of the MJDe :
The~in&of
PIJ·troll
A~aaed&ily
Olllr'UI
4,723
January ---------------125,872
4,794
February (15 doyol ---- 71,919
4,761
Mon:b ----------------144,833
5,008
Ap>il -----------------145,454
1ne total amount .of cuted pig:-iroo, and ill
aTeT• daily output bu ~r:W~e:rably iDcreaed.
It it iDfa-e.ting: to note the conu:t srowth of fisunMC.b month. h il alao inte:r'Mtins to compare the
fisur- of the p;oductivity of labor or ~ factory
in the tlu.. p~ yeon ..nh the 6prtJO of the
three at>d • hoU IDODlho of 1918. ·
Way
fruQI
lhe 15th
Can -· · ---- 70
Loc.c::,.. -Pt,-iroo
••••• 1.107
Stt<"J a.nd iron. l .946
JuDe Jaly
A..,
from fram
1Sth tbe JSth
~
17S
I ,
600
2
270
J
170
62'7
~
975 . 6,173
:',182
8
8,.500
c.aa~inp
illpi~ :
..
Alao imrrnch.in& ------ - --147,0'28..
The productioo ol
a.mmo.Dition :
S• orda. dau:rn.. de~ ••• • 4.107.
Ha~~d-madr prodDCU:
18.2..()(.() 167,4._)4
21.47:
60co,40l ll1.02.'\ 2...125 3.5.217
570.17~ l.'>2.1 73 8..\47 40~~
196..213 108..741 3.504 11,132
TilE OBUCHOVSKY STEEL CASTING FACI'ORY
Crvc:ihlr .ted
T.ltrd E.ur aterl pro:toctioo :
Mouldt'd, ttamprd ------ 49,.800.16 !S.SSI.J;II S8,.SJI.OB
Protectilr produc:tiaD :
Production of
Mac.h.iM
In January .ahen: were prod~----- -3000
In FebruM)·-- - --------------------3400
In Marc:h _____ _____________ ________ ;l8B6
In Ap•i\. _________ _____ ____ ________ 4000
18,724.,.(18
THE PRODUCTION OF A FACTORY
w
1
48
17,823
The \\,.e5tinghou.e factory outpul of br.U.:
.
M.u.
Brake d"ieea
in pood.__ __ 1,D08
Apr.
M.•y
J~UM:
JW,
Auc.
1.014
1.2!9
2.010
2,7116
2,578
The prroductivity of the Peuosrad metal factor· ·
ies is ehuocu:rirod by the lollowinJ! 6!1'"'": tho
productivity in a number of branehee for July wu
70,000 po<>d>, lor Aus. 13,000; at the Equal foetory the productiv;ty i.acreuod IOO.ISOjl>, 01 . the
SpiegM I factory it increued 1S0.2001o, at the Leeoer factory it incre&.IC!d from Aug. to SepL 6Sro,
al the Nenky tobacco far:tory the avcug:e monthly
output for the fiut half of 1918 wu 2,448 for
Jul , 5,lb0 ;;ood., 01 the MoliCow Lubcr.tdry foetory the producti•ity of labor· baa reached almOil
the pre-war llandard.
Speokjn8 of the u.er-.. in the productirity of
labor we nooc the le&~, ca.nnot yec dream of a production equal to that of peace timee. The lack of
raw mat.uiala and fuel, the acute hunger. the deterioration of the machinery could not but delay
t.be proceu of the rehabilitation of indu.try. And
nevenhdflltl, at ih1.1 ·writ in!, at:Ye:nl factoriCII are
either approach.iug or bn·e alre..d1 atl.a.ined the
peace-time norm. To the number of·~ fac:oric.
belonp, for instu.ce, 1M ramoUI nationali.acU Simon&-Scbuckert {.:.tory~ Let w e.u.m.iDe in 11011»
~t p-eater detail the work of thi.a faccory aa a
~aracteristic cumple of the rehab~ of our
whole md--,.
The F'ebru"')' ...,.olutioo UJd ~ lom>d
it p a llll.te of alow dililltqration. Up to the
tik, of the October rnolution, rt. prodw:tiOD fell
aboat oDD-third ,, ODe-fourth of what it wu b&lore, at>d the iDtmoity of lobar. -~ .u_ ...lr' ooac>rdias to the ialormaioa of the cl&~ of Eiodro-Toc!Wq-
to
lr• ... - - . l l
/
�The New York Communiat
1
An Outline of the Communist International
Adopted by the Congress of the Communiat International in Moacow [Much 1-6, 1919)
THEcnntudu-tl oM
I.
concea led in thr wo 'llb of
thl" rap •taltAt ,.~· stem , hunt forth ....-ilh tren~nJ u ull pown HI a turiLie eKplot.! ou-tl.e great
liTIJ>f!'Tialifll world war .
LII JdiAh sm eudea,·ored 10 O\•erco me 1U own an ·
11r c h ~ U1t O U~~~ the O t,ani.z. AI IO II o f JIHidU CI !OO. ln ·
at ead o f numrr ou' r j,·ad emp lo yen m•Fht y u pit11.l - .
~~ ru q.H.Jtatlunt• "'' r- r~ fo rmrd t ll rn d! c a t ~ . Urtd l11 ,
tru !h • . Tiu· f1nanci a f mit t eN:!' t o r bnnk UJ•itll )
un•ttd ,. llh mdu ~ tri•l CIIIJHial ; Lhr "'·h u lr ecu no mJc
ldr ¥> 1U• l t lU" ""' "' ''ed Ly the financ ial u pita l o h ~ a r
dl\ . ...-Inch. th a nL. ~ to 1lb o r;anunt1 on , hec11me tl1e
~W ir rulrr of the nati on . l n!ttead o f free <""mpeti ti on mo no pol y prnoailed. The irrdi\'idual c.apit&JU!t ioerAIII(' Lhr: CO tpo tati u n u pitaJist . Tin~ ina.a.oe
aoan:h y o f c<::> m petllwn wu suppllllll~ b y o rgan ·
i.ution.
But aP. the anarc hy of the capital i!!t l )'lllem of
pr o ~c: t mn '-'"41' f> UL!Itllu:r-d bv capita liet organiz.a.
t iu n...h e11ch mdl\·uJua l cnuntf)", the romfJditive
r comba t... th~ amu cli y, in "'·orld pro duct• on bec ame
eH.:r m•Jre ac ute. and the strup:fle bet"'·een the boot
o rg:uuud r o bh<'r · 11- t a lb led to the horriLie ....·orld·
"' ur fU' a natu ral re-ult. The prcd for l'r o f1t fo rced
tlu• .,.. o rJd ca 1111 Uhl!t p oups to flp:ht amon@ them ·
w-ln~A for n,.w m" r L. ~L' . new ao ur c~ of du tic:s and
uw ffiJ\ teria l. tl1e du:ap labor power of the co lo n·
ia l t. l a H~S.. 11•e Im per ialist •t.nte!l, whi r h •hared
am o n~ tllt:m tlle "h o le world, and reduced to
Lea..'\tA of burden m.an y• million... of Afr ican, Au ·
atalian , AJ.iatic and American pr.:.let.a.ria., a.nd
J~a !>A nll . .cm ner or later bad to upect to ,n"'d each
oth er 10 a fearf ul confi •ct. Utoner or lattr h11d to
11hh"'" the rea l an11.1c hiat •c nature '> f capi tal. So or ·
igmated the · grea t c r im&-the rob lJc-r worl d war .
Capita li.!l m endeavo red to o\·ercome ita contra·
d ic tor y soci a l atructure. Uourgeoi• .ocie1y ia a
clus •or •d )" J.u t Cllpiu \ in the grea t civi liud llatea
attempted to co nceal the Jocia l con ttatta. "'t the
U !tense of th e robbed co lonia l peop iC!I ca pital cor ·
rupted ita Wll (!~lavee , cre.ated the rec iproci l"y of
intr rt:!.tll heh "reJJ ex ploited and 'er. p loiten in rei• ·
li o n to the -.ubju~a t ed c o l oni~ye ll o "'' • black, and
red co loni a l pco pl~e n d feuered the European
an d Amrric1tn workingclua to the im~1a li 11ti e
Father land.
But the t.a.me method of permanent .corruption,
fr o m "'·hich the patri t<ti .. m of the work inrc!ua a.nd
ita inlellectua l 'uLjugati on or iginated, brought
fortJ1 the o ppo r.ite r ~u lt , d ue to the ._..,, lhe
ph rt.ical annihila tio n, tot:. ) em• l av~ mcnt , tehih lc
pressu re .. m.acry , d.:gcnera tion and wo rl d hunrer
of tl• e pr o letariat is
final trihute to tJ,e c.api ·
taiU. t s~atem . "'·hich iA alread y co llapt.i ng. Tite im·
ptTiali&tic -.ar haa de,eJ u ped' into ch·il war .
Th i: m.i rU a new epoch- the epoch of the aboJi .
tion of Capitil lism, itA decompo!i tion, a.nd the riac
o( the (ommuni.!t revolution of U1e protetariaL
The imperi11li!tic ll-yr.tcm c o lla pac:to aud produces
ferme ntat io n in the co lonies, and among the form ·
et ly dt-pendenl •mft!l natio ns: a re\o·oh of the pro·
le1ariat rttuh in~ in vi ctorio us prnletar ian rt!'\'o lu ·
ti on in aome co untries; tile abolition of imperial·
u.l
iatic l..t"IIUes; and a~ the Lot&.) i.ne.pability of
the ruling clua lo din!ct any loop the dmtmy ol
the peop le'• m.uaee---th.at ia the picture of modena
condition. Uu ous'-out the wor ld. Man, wboee ~
ture ia now ru ined, ia menaced by annib.i..U.a.tioa.
There la on ly o ne power whir.h un N'l"e him; tbe
po w~ of the pro leu.ri.aL Tbe old upita.l.iat •c..
der.. iA gone, it uonot prnail any more.
final oeuh of the ct~pit.ali.t tylll.em of prodacli•
ill ch: 11, and o nl r the ueat prodocti.-e cl:a-, tbe
~orking clbl, can brins order out of thl. chao&.
Th i> it will accompli.oh by buil~ the ·... "1>tem of ~«icty, the Communi.( -rJtem. n., waft.
en musz de5troy e.~pit.a l ilt rule, mu.t mue ,.,. tm.
por.toible, annihilate the boundary lioea of ~late~..
reduce the whole world. to a community wo~
for itaelf, and rea lize the brotherhoOd cd l.ibcn.
tion of all paoj,l-.
n.
A8'ain51 tl]ia world<.~pita.l &rm~" itaelf. UDder
the diagui.e of th"! " League of N~tiona" and p.c.i.Utic phru.e& it ln.aket a lut despera te eBort lo boJ...
stu up the fall ing remnant. , or the eapitalill . , .
tern and direct ita force a«aiM" the ~-gcnriDc
prolet.arian ·n-vC\luti~ll.
ln .a..Mwcr to this hure new cooapiucy of Aec.y.
ing Cepitaii.sm the proletuiat mu.at conquer pol.itic.al power . 'l':a ia power it mu.lt direct apm.t ill
cJ,...,. enem im, and let. i.n motion aJI the wbedt of
economic revol ut iOn. The 6.n.al ~ of 1M
world proletariat mean& the beginn.i.Da of the ,..} ,
history of li..berated &D.UL
r
Why Political Democracy M.u st Go
((:on.claukd
Jro'"
fMit
4J
en ao fi rml r intrenched in power that they could
ot l,e Ji&lodE!"ed. Al to . the ··w.terest.' ' wo uld ~
• the pos ition of Opposition P&.."t)', "·here they
o uld ufely ubolaf:e the Democratic adm.iniltra·
10n and at the ume time cr iticiu it fo r being in·
!.:ient.
W oodro w Wilto n, autho r of the .. New Freedom,"
t i.JI el ected to the Pre~~idcncy by the amall property·
.o ldeu--the P ro@Te!' h·e elemenla. The acb icve-nenu of hi• firat adminiatration reftect the con·
.tituenc.y wh ich elected him.
Firn. d~ f~ at of 1M op~n lmpcrioli.Jt ~ehtrM k1
inM.1 Mexico. The ama ll p roperty ·holder ia not
1 partner in lmperial i..& m, a.n y more than h~ ia a
..,anner in the gTeat U...M..i. Cap italist Imper ia lism
don away with the amall propert y·holder. There·
fo re be U oppoeed to annent ion.s, and can affotd
to give hia h uman it.a.IU.n ae:ntime:ntl full play.
Second, IN F~crol Rueri'C Acl. The amaH
property . boldtt hu a ' desperatf( leer of financia l
panic 1 , - ·hich cl inWlatt: him at one blow. He
wan~ to guard a 8aio.JI them, a.nd atabi lir.e finance
.a that the p lutocrat& cannot destroy h im at will.
. Third, T tulltWm of Grt:al Jl1 eouA. The Income
and lnherit&Dcc tuea arc for the pu.rp<»e of reliew"·
ins the oYerWbelming bw den of tu:&tior. wb.ic.h li•
upon the small property-bolder.
·
Fourth, TM lntl&J.Jrrilal RdGiioiU Commiuion.
CA.ilJ l.Ghor ~ . cu. Socia l leplation ia the
omall propmy·holclcr'o ~od ol mormil>s eopi·
t&liam .a that be can ailt in it. He ia at tbe mercy
of both orpnised Labor and orsa.n..Ued Capit .• l, and
ia more aHected by labor U:ouble. than the great
c.apil.l iat. H e Dlu.l: coac.ili.ate both l..a.bor anJ Capital. AJ the NJDC time. be ia .oat int.cteatcd iD
wholeoalo cheap labor, and be himoell io too clooo
to the proletariat. and t.o liable to be pua.bod into
ib ranb, to reliab the idee of maa a&.anatiou cd
.W..ud>uy of
u.. ...........
In 1912 and 191 3 the ab~NI& of M'\'=te industrial ra.nu Covem.ment , and promiai.D« 1~
~
tyranny provoked a ICJ'ice of gi~antie labor b"OU• ~ to )cave tl1e property of {oreiplen aloae.
bi~.La-.·rrncc, P atenon, Michigan, Colorad o, etc. ·
During ~ War, the Unit.cd Suta ~
The amall propcny·holder became a larmed, and de- with arD"IC<t foroe, h.u oYtttb.rown the ~
ma.nded that tbeac abuec:e be remedied..
of tw o Carriheao cowitrie., Ha.iti and Saato ~
So much for the most impo,-t.a.nt politica l ric- mingo, and arat up a m.i "tary d..ic::t.a.tonlp "tb.a.
Iorin of what .,..·ere, witho ut con tradiction. the 87UI
The FMeral R.c.erv Act, de.i«ued to ri"'Oid
majority o £ the vnten in the United Sut.ee--the panics, wu fr&med by
Bis 1nt.cn.ta. h
•ma ll p ro peny ·holckn a.nd th~ domlnal.!d by not pro.-ide a r;ainll pani
ut OD the c:orrtr.-,, a
the ir psychology. •
If po litical "democ.r'acy" p laces the Treasury of e Ua.iled Statea • lbe
worked, this maj o rity, wh ich elected the President , men:y of the great
i.a.J iDI.er'IIIQ.
m
or
ao.
and owopt Con~ and the LegiolotUroo, obould
have beet. ab le. lo enforce iu. will.
Dut what hu actual!)· happened ? The lmper·
lali1t ~eheme to annes. Muico was temporarily de.
fealed-bf'l Lcul m.onl~ tht Am.cricon Sklk De~
~t&l war~ t~ Me .ra.con ~o~~n~~nl nor ~o dtJr~
aJrry out w plon. of A.env~r ~a.s&/1.« th-e oil·u:elU
owMtl . br ArMr~ ~op~lula-ond · p<U~portJ
were «111e. 10 .AIJW'rw:an oU·~lll«J 1 ~ «O 10 Par~.J and
pru:ns- 1-Mv. privak·pro;Jtrl7 ~loun.s 10 tAt Peocc
Con, ~r~n.u. And ev~ aa I Wtllf:, a. co~tc:·re"¥o lu·
ti~n finaooed by ~~. 10 ';'8D Oll ·~l.el'tllla,
~~th a. bu~u. of wfo~tio~
caal
.
d 1atJ'Ict,
•T""
,w rr.-t
New York a 6nan ·
aa attempt10g to o verthrow the Car·
£~M ...or
Lam.
L-
·l>cJo..,, .. • ""'"' ~llicA
To Bronx Branchea
I
c,....
1 wulth bu been tau.d 1.0 I"'ID U.. C.....
ment., and the War-but the Goftr1liDeDl 1aaa b.
come more and more an ;~ d..&ped. 10
protect and foster private property ; thlll is to ..y,
lo create noer more and more p-ea ..r-ItL
The tn"dLUtri.al ·RelatioDI CoiiUili..ioD di.:lcrr·
1 erod aucb hideoUJ iodu.tbi.al rondilioos ill America.
conditi ons which pointed .a de6nit.e.ly to tbe r_.
that on ly the Soc.ia.J ReYolutioa ooald c::un ~
that the amall property -holden .became f~
The CO'mmiuion waa dbcrediLDd by bach pi~
crat ic i nd Pro8'f"l i1"e prr.. (aur.h papen u TIM
heine; particularly~ br
the
perata:Jaa" of ita report). Nocb.iac
Ntwiub/.i.c
...r
ol ]t, e.oept ouch • Jolm p.
Rockd"el er'a, wbic.b pl"ttleaded to care ~ b y ~ l:..bor . _ _..ltelp- ·
~ .
uw
The Child l:..bor
woo docLu.d . . _
tioMI • by the Sop..- Coart,. ill opioo or . .
Lotti.oh Branch No. I , ol • ·~lar IDOillhly
met~ting, decided to inYite the other bn.Dchea
widely-heralded o p p o - of Lootio D. llnDoloio,
a UJ-al , • So~ Court J - .
o£ Local Brons. which hue joiDed 1M Left
Win e; to anaap a b.u.a.ar for the bcmcfit o£
the Lolt Wins poper. Til< Co......nisL Pleaoo
dDcu.. the matter at your maobenWp meet·
inp and communicate immediately with tbe
Socntary ol U.. Louioh S. &D<h.
rw:y..., ....,"' U.. rulii>IJ <~ ~·
holden, wh<re Mon ooyo - or ilo .....,._
f"CUM:tioaa ia lo .:t u arhitratar.
J. AM>I>IIO•.
355 Crimmi11o A..... Broox, N. Y.
.
n..-"""-
Tlw ,_J
u.. 'r.u.,; or polkDI-
,_.,.o:..,;. -.r... - of "- s-·
10..,...,...- ............. ..p~MW< ~,.
"- .,.,._ of.U ..au'"-.
11'·-~
•
I
,.
�The New York Communiet
II.
The Pink Terror
IlL
Frightfwn= in the 2nd and 6th A. D. Braucheo
T
HERE wu tutor io the r anU of the H.i~t
Whilt al l this wu ,z.oU1g on in tht 2nd A. D., the
\\ lllft Bun-a_necr"'- At the re,:u lar mee: ir-!( of R i~ht \1. mg "''4A holding a JHI.rli.amentary rna.u.acre
the 2nd A. D.. on the tT~nm~ of Fridav, April 2Sll1. · in Uu~: hc:Adquarlen! of the 6th A. D., •t 106 AYCD\110
i 11 "JHir o! U1r- pr~nn: of tlat Grand Old Mlln of C. T he meetml'! o pened with tht' election of a
Soc 1aiu•m. ~1ercr London, a Lr/1 Ir&r~& TTUJjonJy dumm)· dumman, ~e.nu-Comrade Alc:under , who
dur.mJ~: the meetmg went throuf!:h thl" m otio na o f a
r~ulnr chairman ...-h ile in reality B«kcrman dtc-
drwlope:d.
Mttchdl Lc~L. f'a~n. Aleunder Kahan, JudS" tated the proet"dure.
Pnnh-n, S. P . ...:rarrner, and the f orv!Qrd bunch.
were in .rYmo~t comumt communication wilh Mr.
Ahcr lkd:CTman hnd &e1 the atap:e to suit hia fell
c.;.c.d>C'r o ver 8 privatr wire. and &n'eral tim~ dur· dr~i!ffl~ b~- ahrr inp; thr- reru lar order of bwineu,
in,z thf" ,. trn inj! it .,.8 , 8Cr iou:-1)' drbatNI "" to . hr- ro~ to rti)Ort u a dt'lef!ate to the CnHral Comwhtt.her o r not thr pa llet' OUiht to bt- cal led in.
01111~. Old li men o f Uue n .~, '\\' ing f!aped in
\
u pcn·nlUutl:o:d od:,iratwn a - hf' jum1JoC"J fro m m il>·
· Comudr 1\. ~ler , dde,zate to thr Cent.ral Com· ,.tntrrncnt to mi"-"t;•tc ment. o mill illjo': in h i!i n·rbal
n1111rc, roH" to repo rt corx"l'" r-:1:....-.(t. thf' la.st IDf"CtiOF;
lf'AJI:- cvf'n'llu nf that wo uld re\·e.a l the real cha.racof that OOd\·, \Oh<"Tl the umou~C ui att1'"111pt "'' &.& tr-r of t.],,. n\M hint•',. purl'o~ ot thr- Centra l Comntftde to •·r~r~aui.z.e" tl1e 17th A. 0. Thr Scm•· mutee. H,. tletdt at lc=n~h with the "n:or FII-ni.uComrodt:A a l.n \·e-mcntiooed did not .,-ant to hear t ion" of thr- 17th A. D., rc= pr~n l inr; that Uae
thr- ~''"'-' !1' detail~~o . Cumrade Uxh iru.t!>led lhat it Lronch had di ~oM) Ived 1tw-H. concealing the fact
"' ao. c-u~wnua q· fm.t to read thr t,-pe.,.,·r illen npo rt tlu1t d 1st-Oiut ion of n Branc h can o nl)· OCC UJ .,-ith
of the rn-f'rlinF N'nl o ut ln · ~ r ber, l.oefo re lht dele- thl'" con~ n t of :he Eurutl\t' Com nuttet ui tilt LocAl
fZ Bit:<o repo rtrd-and Corur~de Kahan bacled him and ne~tla.- t i n E! to mentiOn L~~ Ldt Wing mot ion
up. Ho"'f'\'c-t , f ortunr~tel)· the Chairman .,-aa a fu r a comm lllot' of ~\·en \ three !ro m the Hifrhl.
Ldt Vo' ~n~er . Comrade ~' arks , &O the report p ro- th roe fro m the ~ft and Rn impartia l cha1mutn
cet"<lf'J. \\' ben it came to the part about the loot- a~reed u po n by the othe-r ai:a. i to im·e&~i!a le the
i n ~ of th ~ 17th A. D., U1e HiFht \rmf'ttll tried their
matter of the 1701 A. D.
~~ to ·,.top Comfade Ko ! ler bv raising poinl11 of
After hr had "''turned up to h i.s eubj,....t be proo rder. l'nab le to accomph!~h
LocL !IoCr~
ceeded to ~o l aro ' t11e Ldt Wmg in a tcanner th..ai
th at 1\. ~l er "'Bl rryort.n~ h~bu t he had to
mad~ h i~ audience ,.igb with rrgret that the: at.mo~ it!.d ra"'' the charE!e. i\ ot sat i~J1ed .,.·,th that, he
r;pht re in thr Alde-rmanic L."lambe:r 1~ not eo con J.lntrd un the fl oor that CurnradeB Max Cohe-n a nd
du('h•e to el oq'uence M thai. of A \-·mu~ C. In a
Urnhd' had .. ummo ued the police to the Central
tremendou~ peu..ration, that 1>0 e..,tr:l.ll«d tl1e c ha.ir Commlltt"r'---11 &tatement which once again Loeb
m nn that ht f"K'Oplit.ed a Lt1'r ~- in~er immedtatel )·
wa! fon.:ed to wilhdra....
''
afte,....·a rd in a moment of for ~etful n~!'-. and had to
After co m i daab l ~ ruction, durinff ...•hich o ur et· be reKued by a -.el l placed po int of order f ro m
Conpe.lluan is ~.aid to have ICU "=hed and bit the the Ri~1t , BeclLetnWI plwded that action be taken
Chairman Leca u~ hil ho nor waa not im·ited to u poo h U report.
thi.s.
11peu.k on llutfen Square, the di5CU"!!ion of lhe r• po rt o r Lhe Central CommtttCI" wu po~~tpo n ed unthe next meeting.
tiI
.J'. !< I Mid at t.M
bct~inning . ~ wa~ terror in the
unU. of the Rt ~ht \\ lflJZ Buccaneen.
Hac "-' U
anothtr Hranrh , one Lefl \rin,-anoL~er Hranch
"'·tuch must be rror~aniz.ed and the high colt of
fumiture moving ati.ll J n the i.Dcreue.
LEFT WINGERS!
COME TO THE MASS MEETING
SUNDAY, MAY II, lt19
AT T HE
LABOR TEMPLE
EAST S.Cth STREET,
W
SPEAKERS :
EADMONN MocALPINE
BENJAMIN GITLOW
JOH W PALMER
Uiuw
•/I~ LdwJ~ S~
At I P.M.
COME ALL
F.-.Jcly
·u,. l~..t..•
ADMISSION
FREE
S. P. NEif YORK
EMiw>"'- 8,_.,.
h i• aaid that lhe timid au~ion from a
W inger that lht recall nf ~erma.n from the
tral Committee tWould ~ appropra.te At?tlon
met wiU1 howla of denunciatio n. and .c::tio n
forttotten. Seven) other del ega te~~ r ote to
port" but their work wu dum.'!)' compared
Boc.kaman'a &J¥1 ther wrre but ily a.ilenttd
they give the gahJe awa y.
Left
Cenwu
wa.~
..rewith
lest
Com.ade Frost. who w~ gi\'en the floor bcc.aWit
he i1 no t affiliated with the Left Wing, made a mo.
lion that the Branc h do nnt eoncur with the 5tde
Comn1 ittee's reso lut io n lo expel Left Wing )ocala
a.nd brancht':."o. ~ motion wu t«on«kd and a
pau~~e enaucd during which the chairman glanced
feurfully at the Righi who could ill coDC~~eal their
annoyance at hi5 hlunde-r in allowing an~·one not
known to ~ '' r.afe" lo get the floor. i"od..,, wink.s
and wh ~pered comment& 100n ~ owed tbe chaiTman the w1y o ut of the difficulty, and graaping t.Ae
fC8Vel 6nnJ)· in hie hand be anooUDC::ed in a .-oioe
ten~ with emotion th•t the motioo -.u ott.l or order' on the ground th•l the report or t},., c..:.m-..1
Committee wu before the bo..e.
AlmMt immediately 1fterward a Ri~ht Win~
got the Hoor and, after consulting bit •ritten inltructione, moved th;~t the liranch CODC1U' in the
State CommittM"'a l"mmiution. and that all memben
of the branch alliliated with tho Left Winjj bo pended until .1uch time u they renounce their a l-
thUA avened the neceMity of having the Right
Wing mernben apeak twice u.ch to th~ aa..me motion.
The motion Wa.!l then pU1 to the hou.e and with
the ahlt auiE!e nce of tl1e Right \\\ng tellen wboee
eye<ifhl i~ t<'"portt'd lo ~ va.riablc,-.olllletimell
th e~· eer rlouhlc and olher ti ~ they can hat-dly
&ee at a ii, -"''R.! carrird tJO to .W. Tbe entire Left
W in~ mernhenhip of the 6th A.. D. waa tbtu c omplrtd\' "''iJW"d out of exi1te.nc.:- end tht branch
"ma d~ ufe fol" d~mocracy:·
T\o""' ~om01 the realtre,:cdy of the afJau fro m a
.Hi,.:ht \\'mE 1.11andpoinl In the mo ment of victory
U1e,· ha ,·e to ackno"' ledge defeat, not ullly in the
bnuwh hut LhruuFiwut thr entire Local. In order
to c art)' o ut t.heir o wn motiou tl1ey are forced to
re:-un to tl1at Hight W ing borro r of borron~r
gani.z..ation "'· ithin an organiution.
Sc-a.rctl )· hud the meeting ad journed "'·ht:n d.i.patd1 ridete werel &eCn 1p,eeding up Avenue C. i.n
the d irection of the nearefi\ jo L printa, a.nd in lt:M
t ime than it take~~ to tell the printing pre:Mee wen~
humming a! h i~th speed turning o ut p i ~ ca.rd.e,
,.,-hereo n tl•e R if!h~ \ringu.o wi ll iru<:ribe their dovoted a dher ence to the princip les of Schrider.o.a.nn
SociAlism, recci,·ing in return Lhe r ight to vote o n
all mattenr comifl8 before the branch.
ThU! o rganization ,.,-ithin o rganUat-ion ia vindicated fo r ell time &nd tho~ who hnl b itberto
lain a"'·ah o' ·ni!thl5 thinking out spoeche& agairut
tl1is v icio u~ met.hod are now among i~ ,.,.a.tmc:st adherent~.~.
I I iA l"umored that the Brancb hu m~aEed J u liue Gerber, at eno rmoUJI upcue, 10 lee- ...
lure o n ho w to perfect thU duplicat.ion of\ol"ganll.ation, ... ,.] that hr will Al1o w draft& of .ec.rct Id ler!! to "faithful" memkra, original minutes of eoe re! mect.ingp. a.nd wi ll wind up with acme u~ul
•uggeetioru u to p1.8.6 warda l.nd auhtc:rra.nea.o
puoap.
Bonfire~~~, it i' .... id.. will be lighted along; ATenue
C. next fl"ida y night to celebrate thi.. c6mplete
''ir.1or,· for the forces of Lewanorder and democrac r o nr the black menace of Bol1hC'\'i!1ll which
for tl time reared illl ugly head in the 6th A. D.
(
Left Wing
Membership
Meeting
ON
SUNDAY, MAY 25, 1, P.M.
AT
legjoncc lho:roto. Althoup the report of l ... Ccn·
Manhattan Lyceum
tral Committee wu n ill before the houe,. .00 .J.
though the motion ..... contrary to the by.laW'I or
.. EAST 4th STREET
the Local and to the S,..e and Naticmal ConatiuJ.
ti-ona. the ch.&irman did not Oec:lare the motion out
o ( .order. l>ut... with eym llaahins with the I ~ of
finn ~lvt- \0 d o hit dUfj, proceeded to rfiCOgnil.t
Righter Winp after Right Wirl@'et until fortun ·
•tel y tame ooe c.lled U,., pnl'Tioua q\lelllioo aad
NI!:W YOU CITT
To Elect and Instruct
DelP.gates to National
Left Wing Confer~nce
(
J
(
c=--
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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New York Communist, 1919-05-08
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1919-05-08
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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application/pdf
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n04
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8 p.
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United States
New York
Table Of Contents
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The Aftermath of May Day
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New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/858c9423f03144d010dfc0519c617202.pdf
ea4a7752e23302533291993a4cfb342d
PDF Text
Text
75he
New York
COMMUNIST
Vol. I, No.3
New York, Thursday, May 1, 1919
. ·.·
,
:
Price 5 centa
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MAY DAY ,
'
. I
�2
The New York Communiat
th'F
a-a of co~ try after country aet · up
Soviete are afraid of a •plit-for on a queRJon of prinand dila.bll.sh t.be ProlelariiUI Dicta!oraliip. Hun- ciple it it bener to aplit and koep on splittiq;
sary. Bauria, thea Ita ly, Gcrmar.y.
The rather than eompromi.e with ruaioo--but bccauae
gre.1 e:s:ploited masees of India, F.grpt, China, atir w~ intend to captu~ the Party ruach.inery and mold
Official Orran of the Ld 1 WU.. S..:tioa,
and clamor. The basi• o f fir.ance-lmperialism, the American movement into an dfi'ICtiYe we.pon
Socio.lial Party
without whic h CapitaltJm is ruined. iA crumbling. with which lo 6~t the battles of t.he working dau.
Owa.d and CootroU.d by Local
May Day for Ruesia is a ho lida y of the pa,..1.
h ia for this rurpo.e t.bat we have organi.ud
Greater New York
Hut today Mor;co\111·, Munich and Budapt"'5t Oowu in into a voup within the Party-the Left Wing; it
Edi.Jor nreet.s o f rrd, and ring to the tramp of the pro· ia for thi.• purpo-~ thai we have formulated • proJ OHN REED
Auoci.att: EdU.Or let.arian battalions, making celebr ation for w - for vam and a let of principlea, defmitel y opposed to
£AD).JCiNI'f ~UcALPINI ·
B11.~Wu !tfan.o&er
M.unuUAf'( Com:"'
the n3tion!> M yet pool& of quid "'<~let bo.ide the tl1e o utwom principles anrl program a-:tualin~ t.be
torrent o f the Social Revolution which rises, a red pre&ent Party ..nMin~t clus;" thi5 is why w~ have
lduoriol Board
" ·orld -11de, and lloods the face: of Europe·.
_ioined in the call for an Emergency Con.-ention,
N . I. Hot'1UrtCH
M. Z UCIUR
May Dw~· . 1919. Date fore\·er memora ble, the in which we can .Ute our poaition, di&e:uu it in
B. D. WOLFE
J. Wtu:H~IPI
world-wide blare of trum~l-3 announc ing the fa ll open Social i!'l deh.te within the rank. of the Party,
Pub!iobed Enry WeoiL
of a greal .acial &yr;tem, Capitali"m, and the emer· and finally, register t.he decision of the rank and
gence of the 'age in which lllii.J\kind will be truly file by me&ns of the rellll.;. Pa.rry machinery.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
To this perfectly legitimete courae o£ action the
Year •••••• ••••••••••••••••• • JJ.OO
May Day. A 11umn:ons to the worker·maues to Right Wing, in eonttol of the [:s:cculive Committee
6 Montlu ...................... 1.50
make ready for the lut great WCJ. Dark lies the of Local Nflw York., oppa.ee brutal 11\rong-arm tac·
3 Mootho .. ................. ... .75
cloud of hiltory, ahot through with t.c:rTible lightn- tica.
. ing:a. But vactory il ineviuble.
Hundreds o£ wotk.ingmcn wh o want to join the
&"h. New York
COMMUNIST
'"""
Sinek Copi<•. S c.,.,
3Y, Cc:nta a Copy.
• • • New York City
BUDdie Ot ders of lO or over ,
~Weal
Z9lh Str..,t
May Firat
J
N Sot'JCI RlWia the fint of May iJ 00 longer a
holiday in lhf' tentc: that it is in other countriee.
The Russian prplet:u ;til hu' conquered. The Die·
tat orrJlip o f Ute Pro lrtariat i.!t raising and equipping
grut amties. t~nd hurl in~ them Bltaintt the lm·
perialio:1 forco on all front in-a. \\'iUlin the country,
crip pled 85 it it~. by the di~organiza.tioo which in·
evitaLiy succeed,. war, and ci,·il war in pa rticular ;
atarnd by t.ht im·Sjion and blocknde of Allied•
troops; inheritor of t~e colla p~ of T"arism an~
Capl!al 1am, and ~et for 8 year h)· the ft:rocious
hostility o f Moderate "Soc illism"- the Workers'
and Peuanu' GoHmmenl is incrt..:l~ng mdustrial
prodUction, buildi~og rai lwa)'l, roads, canals and
gi~antic po wer projecu. opening mines, and establishing tho usands of new a.chools.
That it is able to accomplish t.hee.e '' miraclt:fi..
.eerru inc~dihle to the bourgeOIS. Dut to th-: 5oci11list there t. nothing impro bable about it. Capi·
tali..s>n obJtruct.s dev,Jopmenl : CapiJ.olum IUp·
pr~sus Jwrnan cuparation.•: CapiJDlUm U W/fic~nl.
May Da~·. 1918, d.me at the darkt':!t period of
So viet Ru!!obia'l! h1~1on· . wfu:n the Treat\" of Brest·
Lito'·"k had plt~cn:l Hu.,sla 111 the mercy ~f Imperial
Germany, then· l"ic-tor iou" in the West. and the AIlit"'i co-operated """ith tl1e ~rman advance eastwarJ
by I andin~ troops 1n Archanf!:el and Vladi\·or;to~.
the beg innin,:: of a \"85\ int-:rnation;.l offen.!i\'C'
a gam!\ the ha lf-under!ltood men"ce of the new Hu&·
aian Govemmenl. lndWitr~· and transportation wtte
al01ost at a stand!ltill; food wu .urce; and the
Red army waa still neglip:ible.
Yet it war; on that dttrk May Day that Moa.co""
wa!l docked with cnnuon. the- you:1g Socialist
troop!- pa~d in re,·iew through the streets. and
thiMy-r;even r;t,tues to the great dead o f the inter·
national Lahor Mo,·ement were unveiled. And the
Government announced that May Day, u far a..s
it ra•prescnted the revolutionary ambitions
the
Ruu1an workers and peawnts, •ould henceforth
eeat.e to be celebrated u a holiday.
Today, May ht, the darkno.a over Rn.!laia ia
slowly lihiog. Ucept for minor K't.hacU. the
Soviet annie~~ ::re everywhere victorious, not alone
with the weapons of war, but with propaganda.
In all e:ountriCB the workin~ c.lau, which at fint
wn apathetic, hu awakened little by Jittle to the,
real •it.uation. A fn.o months ·~ the workers of
Ensland, Franee, Italy and America " 'ue opp<»ins in•~tio~ in R lU.Si:. ; 1 ~ ~. .. they want ~
know why the Dictatorship of the ProleLiriat ~
not be appHed to their own cuunttiea.
Nner in
hittory of the woild hu an ide.
made such •wih and thorough conquest&. Amid
or
the
the eruh ol b..Wupt Capitaliom lallins, the wor\.
Party are held . up while' a ..committoe'' of mi.er·
able Soci.du.t politicians catecbi.see them to find o ut
chid accusation 01gain.st the Left Wing U if th,e y have Bolsht"\·ik tende:ocie.. ~ aoon u a
that it U fnempting ''to r.plit the Party." Thil Branch h u a Leh Wing m.;~jority, and takes action
i.a the burden of every Right Wing attack upon w; to re-elect ill delegatea to the Central Conuninee,
like "Bolsheviam" in the eapitali&l preM, it CO \ 'C"I a minority o£ the ..Old Gunft' ia empowtted by
~ multitude of sins. Thi!l charge has been hurled the Executive Cornmitloe to "reorganlu" that
at t'Ytr)' indh·idua l or group who hM dared to differ Branch, eapelling m \)at of lhf' me~n. locL:ing:
with the Par1)' .. leaders," or prot~! against their up the Branch headquarters, carrying off the f urniture, aod beatin@ up delegates who proteft. lo
stultifying tactica.
Durinf': the biner fight be1woen Industria l Union· Cart')'ing out theee measurCB tl1e Right Wing do
i!m and A. f. of L'i,.m, thou· " ·ho 11tood for rnoo Ju. not hesitate to appea l to the police for help. The
t~on~r)· lab~r _or,ani.zat.~on were re\·il_ed 85 "roep~ra J ith A. D. Branch bu alrea"~ heen ..reorganized..
fl sl!. and
d1~rupten.
The adoption of Art1c le in this manoer ; out of more than four hundred
T~o, ~ion Six, in the Part)' _Constitution, by lhe members, only thirty-two have been accept~ u
Rtght \\ mg, rlrove the re\·o lut•onar)' demen ts o ut orthod ox enough to remain. · The &ame action it
of our Party, ~parated it from the clau<on.!<:ious being taken with regard to the 18th-20th· A. D.
• ·orken._ ~d threw 11 into the anru of · th~petit Branch aa we ·go to presa. In all thi.e there ia
not the ali@:htest trace of legality. r-crbcr opt:nly
bourgeoJile.
.
.
.
The tt:"ult of the mtern:U otrife at that t1me wu aay5 that h-: docm ' t care whether it il lega l or DOL
His
letter on another page of this i.Mue will provide
the ei'pulsion or r e!ignation of a Sreot number of
'
revolutionary Socialisi.J from the Party, and il8 farther illumination to the Comndet.
Who is splitting the Party-we, the Ldt Wing,
compleae aurrendt:r to ..moderate Soci:al ism.." But
the SL Louis Convention of 1917 removed Article who have announced out open tJatention of captUI·
Two, Sec:Lioo Si1 from the Constitution, proving ing the Party by means of the majority vote of' the
thAt the rank and file re.aliud what a disastrou.s delegatet of the rank and file in Party Coo.-ention
.....,,,led ? Or th< IUght Wing in New York.
counc: the P&rty hacft.akm.
\\:e , the Left Wing, repreM:nting the \'Ut major- which is diarupting Branch aha Branch, disfranch.
it)' of the r ank and file. -who, no matter if at i&ing hundreds of Comra3es, by illegal action of
timc:A they have been confused b y the miKtahle the Executive Committee ? The Executive Commi1·
tridu -r P a My po lit ilj:ian~. are &auhdly rnoolutionJ tee hu indefin itely auspended the meeting~ cf the
ary by instinct- we han profited by the leseons Central Committee. a superior body-becawc the
of the p..t. We have no intention of being forced Braoches were electing a majofit-,· of Left Wing
out of the Party by the Right Wing. We have no deleg ates to that body. And behind clo.eci doon
intention of ..splitting the Pa.ny;'' DOt becauae we the Exec::utive Committee functions, hurling . bulla
of excommunication again!ot all Branche. in which
a Left Win! majority appcan.
TM /olloui"f ttlr,rcm to £u1ttw Jl. Dtbll, oJ.
Who
TH£
Ia Splittinv the Party?
JrtuttJ 10 Moun.dJvlllt }ail. Moun4.ul&lic, f'. Jla.,
bl tht ddt,4UJ oJ rht T h.mJ (."ollvtnlio n of tM
Llrra• n~an Ftdrrru•on oj lht .Socudi.u / 'err.,, rtprt·
II I'll tJ,(}(I(J mtmbtfJ, w.w rtfwtri uon.~m.WiDn by
rlu,.,.·ll r~tt,roph compoanu11. TM 11p1111 o/ IAt
~'olt 1uU bt ltol'lllmiurd to DrbJ by MJWJ of
thou1h1, bor11 01<1 oj 1M Johdariry of 1M lhi!Gkttu"f
:. orJ.:oJ, oa:rr whic h Bwlt11on, an.J rM jun.ltcr clo..11
oJ 111 luch M U a t ypical rrprurruatavt, ccr11 urrcilr
no co n,tJI. Thr ,ohr ncoi muJOft w.i.U, - Joubt,
tta.ch Dtb.J ill tM : ouru of n"ln~. .M07 0~ 1-H~n~
011 tM A.oriuoJl.
t.
"Dear Comrod< Debe,
"'The Third Con.-ention of the Ukrainian
fedt:ration o f the Sociali.Jt Pu1y of A..m«ica
aend.s you heart~ proletarian ~ins-. The
iron ban which dhide you from ua, al the
~ time hulen our common ideals, and
~our cowase in the m.iJ!ihty lttUg:le '
apinll ( pitaliam.
"'Yow ~pie, doa.r comrade, impi.roa us;
aDd we promite you to follow your path in
our proletarian atrugsle until we are ric:tomous. We beline the ·Yictory of our c::orwnon
ideal.t ia ocar. We believe th.t 'Tho cloy of
the people b.u come.' "
The fundamental d.HI<Tenoc bet....., l..clt and
Ri ~t Wings ia summed up in the question of which
,International ahall the American SociaiUt PaJ"ty
joio. The Left Wing dcclara clearly for the
Communist lnte.matiooal, the Thi'rd International
aummooed by Lc:oin; all the sympathiea and con·
ocction11 of the Ri~t Wingen are with the bank·
rupl Second lnte:rnational, which b.u playtd ha.-oc
with European Socialism much in the aanie way
that the IUsht Wins bu pt.yed b..oc with tho
American ~ialilt IDOftZDeDL
Thc.e pcr.y cl.i.oh:tiona and ..norpniutione"
ol Brancheo in Loc.I. New York, th- callinp upon the police for help in interDal Pt-rty dille:rmc:ea,
the.e .uapenaioos of ~ Ceutnl Committee UM!d.·
inp, are pe.rhapt in theu.el ... of little, importaooo
in the world Scc:ial'-t JaO.-erneDL But they are
• ymptomatic of gra...- thinp. They pc?int with
fatal lop: to the altitude of the Majority· Soc:ial
Democrat& -in Gum.any, who, iD time of re.-olution,
inotoad of caUins upo:> the police ior help, turned
I oooe N..U and iUo moc:hiDo IUDO "«ain.t th..
Spanacidoa.
�The New Yorlr Communiat
A
Chall~ge .and
I
A Greetir.g
By Rooe Putor St.ol<•
l\.Jr1
A Y DAY -the cl.y of Labor'• lntcmation•lL.ikt: aheep b.ne they driven ua ova tilt IC'p&r&t· voice and -.ou who hu. ~· will to lel'ft., ad
and nr,·CT before • May Day 10 thrill int~:IY icg &Liles of creed, race, n atic.;ulity. While they where the deliberate idler •lo~ &hall be dWrazxh.
aipuf1cant ~
\\"herr once we hoped. today we lhemtchtt welcome evcrv ( aath &nd color and n•· ited. In which enforced idlenc.a 0 ( IDICD tu:ad fa.
reahu : wherr once we yearned, today we fulfill; tion in an imperialistic aliiADCe agaimt UJ , we hue, duatry will be u rare u now i1 is commoo; ia
.,..hl"rl" on«- we on ly thought, today WI" tilink and oun.elves, been di \·idtd by them into Jew and Chrit· whic::b in&o:urit)·, that Clnoer in yoar bell lab ciri),
act ! Not 111l of u~. every~·here. tr-ul" ; hut for mil . tian ; Bl ack anri Whitt and Yellow ; Teuton, Sin
iution, alall d4appeu from the tocial body lOt·
h one of u~ thr. W(Jrld'r. workers, the day of libc:u· and Anglo-Suoo-Nath-r and Alic:D.
We ha\'C been lurtd h~· a be.~utilu l word made
We &hall become tnut.en of~ owo G.tmy
tion bu da~ed.
For u" herr. h"lw aw«t·6CCDted is thia Day with hotd u l witl1 botUgeol!; h)·pocri~y: and tumf'd deaf u today wr. are 'f'ictima of yow ptiOd. We 1ba1J
the air of approachina froedom! f rom far lllllda can to the mu1ic of a phr~ become '"'"ect with eontro~ all Lhing. that they. wbo c:rene all tb..mp
in the old "'·orld i. bome to ua the new odor of the prophecy of prold.&.rian power.
may pro6t tLcrd,y. We U:WI rear tempi. o1
the 8o"·en of our long IWiited
Bulin, Octobtr 31 st 1918
An, Scimce. ~ far ..,.
Spnng·timo-the Spring-t ime of
tc.IYU ADd oar cbaJdrea U to ~
HumanitY. And for the ph of
we bne dooe tbeee t.hiDp (ar
tb ia f r;grance. f' om bloMotru
you aiODC. No lonpr at - . die
nurtured with the blood of [u .
..ignor&nt" aDd ..WliCOath," lball
r ope's r~·o l uti onary pro let.uiot,
you Bins the chall"""' or the
we aeod them, in return, the el«:·
c:uhure with which -.e h.a118 &.
tric current .,r our unthak..ahle
bored to proncle yoa..
will-to be faithful and loy1l to
Friends, Comrades, Bro thers!
U"i ohall wipe oat wv ADd .a.
lhr true International.
In tho n11dst of t he ea rthquake of the worl~ war, of the chaotic collap;, uu.e of war. We ohall wipef rom 0\'tr tllt V8!'1 "pacn ~·eo of the tzanshc Jmpenahst S'J Ctety the Russian prole:tart,at, in spite of mis-Jn · the puuitU:m th.t., to
hea.r the ,·oicee of our Comraci~. dentand ing. hatred a nd slandt.r, hls·established its rule-the S::.cialist Repu· find mure an!,.~
• .
Over the st ill-budding b 1rt.h of blic o f Workers. S Jidiers 2nd Peasants. It is the ti\.anic beginning o f the So- • lo (tied updll
~
To the workers and soldiers of
thE: entente!
aUt.-
Likny: over the '"·orl
d,1
·II
ling
cla:,h of class will : td cia~ con·
8iC"t: over thr effort of th!' ~ o1 ld's
aploiter!o !hiding behind armi~
of confu!oed ~·o rker~"fa..: in@'"
the arou~. irre... i!i'l.iLie hu~ts. of
the p roletariat I; onr the Lanlr
of tl,e lo!ing lilac.k ~ar& against
t.he ~·inning Red Guarch there
comes to us, "'·orlr.:en of America.
a rin~ing cal l. In thr accents of
Shdlr)·, in the meaninf! of ~tan....
millio~ of voice!, minglinf! ~'
one voice. crv to us:
/
•
·
1
L
"RUt like liotLJ after J umucr,
In unvonquuhobk numbn,
S~ your clumu to t orth
lil:c dcu:,
l'e are mony, they art Jcu·."
And we-"'·e ~tir, we make
anawrr.
Hear U.§, Co!T.rades.
nu.rno;;
cialist con~truction of the world: the work which constitutes now the historic
t ask of the international prolet aria t. The Russian r(volution has tr~mcndoualv
stimulated the revolutioni zing p rocess o f the wo rld'~ proletariat. Bulgaria an~
we. the DlAllJ,, arou.ed ADd alert.
re.a5rm our 10lidarity with oar
Austria· Hunga.ry a re already dra wn into the struggle. The Germa n revolu·
tion, too, is awakening. Sti ll , t n ·mcndo us difficulties a re-ari sing on the way to
victory o f the German p role tar iat. The bulk o f the people of Germany are
Y~'ith u s. The power o f t he m os t bi tter cn~mics of the WJ rking class is breaking
brothen ia rnohllioUTJ' lud&.
You ahall oot uti ut 1o wqe ydar
pred.to,.Y wui upoo oar ' OWI:I
c1.... We · .alemnl
aDd
down. Sti II thev ore strivi._ng by mea ns or lies a nd decepti on to chain the .,..,.
•r n.y,
.
7 ..,,
.
su t o their chi tin t a nd t o put
the hour of t he emancipation.o f the people !lYe z_~u Wa.r'DJD!, ~- ~ tba1l
of Germany.
.
we ~ome eucubooen af ov
And just as the im r eri o.lism of t he Entente power1 was 5trengthentd by own freedo~ deltroyen of oar
the robbctirs and murders perpetrated by German imperi a lsm in Russia, so own hope. tra.iton to om oWD 1:a».
have the Gcrm::m ru rer~ m ade us.: o f t he assault o f the t:n t ente powers wpon toric destiny, pNoq warda. .1
So c:Jali ~t.Russia fo r the mai nt~/nance o f their po wer in Germany.
our oWD powcrJ
H ave you seen how a few weeks ag~ K~ is('r Wil he lm I I, v.•ho after t.bt
SpeAk whit .:.... wont.
overthrow o f T z:u ism is the repr('sentat ive of the m n t inf3mous react ion, made 'ma
lha.JI
1
use of the intervention of the Enten te powe n ag.!inst prLI1ct3rian Russia to b y, _.oder br you ~ •
aro use anew the w~r spirit of the masses of workers?
•
·
oney
P -...; CODJilft wp
orr
=
We ca nnot allow that such. welcome op ponunities lor demagogy be plued
from your
lrid<·bas · or
........ma
into the ha'nds .of o ur cont emp t ible en em ies--the m ost ahomin~ ble enemy of dipJomaey wbal: .::.&nl yoa ·may,
the wo rld proletariat. I ! cznn1 t be that the p ro letariat o f the E ntente potwrs ao n ci•l, reJigiou. or utiooaJ.
should aiJow such a thing toJ h:1ppen. Of course we lotow that you :,i:tve 81 · ittic bosq abaJI frisbteo -. We
rudy r aised your voice tJgJinst the m achi na tio n s of (ou t governments. Buf hue done. Tbe spell a. brok...
the d ang..: r is constantly gr .wing. The unit ed fro nt 0 the worl~ im pe:riaiilm We know the eec:n!l or all yocr
against (hO proletariat iS ~ecomi n g a rea lity in l!Je caS< Of the campaign llgi• b) . L • ,
~-,
Catc.h Lhe . meaning of our mrs·
inst the Russi an S'vit t Republic .
~~~ map:.. V\U ..e:2ps e'J'W ae
WISe ovrr the " wireleM" of our ·
It is t o fight t o preven t th is tha t l ·am appealing to you!
'turned lo the ID08t aipi6cat.
.,.,·orld-encirding clan -eoneciou•·
The wo rld pro let: ria t canno t a llow t he h earth o f ll1e SJcia l:st Re:vo lu· the moe Jtupcodooa fact iu .U
.... . . .
Yes! We are many, they are
few. Yet we have olopt. Yet we
have • llawed them to rob \1.6 of
the common earth and the fruit
of our hamu; to blood us white
lor their at=gth ; to break us
ia our youth that they ..Ugbt have
;:".:,~1 =: r;~
lion l obe pu t o ut if i t dors not wan t t o «e its own hopes a nd power vanish.
downlall'~l the Rus.ia n SJ\•iet. Republi c would moan the d"lea t of the
world PT>Ietanat.
CLING
L?ng live Russie o f the Workers, l'easants a nd Sl ldiers.
L?ni live the revol ution of tile French, British, lhlian md American
proletariat!
Ding ' live Ill< emancipation or worki ngme~ or all CXIUntrttl !rom the
hell or war, exploitation end alaveryl
'
•
TIIEIR BACKS.
You the few, bn., J.ow-.
.. loas ..,.,. Yoar botll,...
......, come "' .. ...d.
! he
FrieAdS, Cnmrad es, •Brothe rs! Raise your anns against
bU.ory: TilE WORKERS OF
THE WORLD ARE STRUC.
SUCrf'UU.Y TO
ITES Orr
rour maate:n! lHROW TH£
an:-,,:;:,:~·a~:~~
Kart' IAibkaodlt.
"'::
We bne allowed the Church. State, Prs,·, Bou.ne Cor you. Ocr baod. th.it hue been baiy iD ,._..
to drug, aupprc:u, confuac L"ld awindJe ~-to UD· eervioe .hall beeo9; busy W ow- oWJL For J.OI't
dermiDt! the foundations e~C our uprcat~l cJ..... we aball oeue tu labor. A6..U..: tbe.. poww tb.at
10lidarity, while ' diplomall and politiciab.J hne re.idCII ia ow u.a.itedly idle: ba.odl yoa
uted us~ pawo• in their criminal pme.
't'a.iJ. To ow- pa-al ord. "Toot. clcnnil" 1"
But eftD u " lions afttt aJumher" we. ia .'uDeriea may oppoee lhe cry "To Ul:Da!" It will ...U
too, ur. awak.cnins. We too; are O.iDsin! our pro- you 0~· Our f0f'C8 ' are ~ "'We . .
·'- ·-~L of
hour • maay, ye are few!"
II
untaapt, ..-tio6od. ' rep..-!. uaialormod, while letarian cha """' iato we ~
oar
pna
Yeo, aooa '"' ohall ba.., doDO lDiU., ...! them..., ha..., • urleitod with all thmp.
.barb:
ius. fisbtias ADd~ ror ,_.
y.w t...
We. the maay, hue IU.freted them. the few, to
You h...-e fed upoa us ed our ,.;.,. mel oar duatrial eNOl 'tire lhall oppoi8 oar ~ •
iaouh ai:d betray uo-<o tend w lortb with the · childml loos <DOUp! We .hall tab ov com· cler; apiDot yov
olwoll]uda.!Wa or their hypocritical plllrioliam to kill mon heritoi!e. the lanll. We obaU tab li!e mill>
""'e<>mradeo au! be killed, that they, the be1royen, and the ...U. and the wortubopo ; "" .hall tab oar aocial 'o anity; aplaol 1-' -~ '-'
m.ipt gaia..a !ow more bloody p;..,. of imperial· the roado and the wireo aad the obipo. All \hat "" porialiam '"' ohaJI oppoao the r..-..1 - . . , . .
ittic lliln~r. We, the many, have perm.iued them, bne mado and you hant held '"'ohall take. We datoe of oar ·~ llopoablico; ._.;.. y.w
the rew, to !a11coa u. bolore the killias, !or their .hall ..ubli.h an order ia whlcb .....,. ohall "'""" Diaatonhip of the llettTpoiole " ..U .,...
10ld'o ..J.e, aad tb... for the ..U of their 10ld lD who io a willi.nfl WOrUr aDd DOI10 .J>oiJ oat who our l>ic&atonbip of tile ProJo&ariaL, 1Wo, .......
.......,,.. .. the..-,doonolovo..,;~
..,. work ADd willaot;-., ~ oballbno • . . ofthePooplo,ioovNayllloycl>alJ.p•y.l
: : : : :d
,_ r.. -
-..
tbr g•tes of industry in our meoa' raCee for their
pro6L W1:, the mADy, " ·ho b uild all Lll•t it built,
clothe all that are clothed, feed all thllt are fed,
who carry and (etch,_comfort and heal, eduea~ and
entert.a.ia, create aad inform ; we hne suffered them,
the (ew, to le.Ye us ill...heliered aad oakod, bun·
STY and intecure, limited. aick a,pd uneom!orted;
r
CCIDOC,..
Acaboit
oocia!-,..
\
.'
..·.
�The New York Communift
4
·The Productivity of Russian Labor
.
From The Russian Soviet Government's Firat Annual Report
.
By A. l.omoY
E
rol~
XAC'ILY a year has pu.&ed tinee the
L&riot by violent rff Or1 wrung the power o ut
of tl1e ha.ncb of the bour~eoi!oie and i~ lackeys.
year of
inces~ant .
A
intem; ,·e effort by the proletariat
to toh·e the problem of rehabilila ling the di~or ·
saniuld apparatus of National f..co~omy hu pa.seed.
The nationaliution of the banh, the natio.nali·
ution of industry, 1he teltlJlation of the pt()CC.i.S of
di·s tribution , the lt.lnf>ft:T of indu~try to a peace
buit, (the demobilization of industry) - all thoc
reforms have radica ll y changed the whole struc·
turc of national economy.
In what way, then have the!ie ref ornu reflected
on tl1e general Oconomic c;ondi tions of the country?
flue they incrc:a~"ed the national welfare o r have
, ther made it 1till wonc ?
TI1e bourgeoi• ie and iu .. Socialistic" '-ltc llit~ .
in re10lute chorua, rep I)' :
'The So'·iet aulhurit)' by ill wild reforms has
de~troyed indu-.tr~· ; tha t i.• "hy the productivhy or
la.hor ha& catll~trophic.1 11~· f:tller. and con t in u ~ to
fall . Thrre U. hut o ne c<npe h om th i~ d ilf~e uhy
-il ie nec:eaury to call rorth anew the Lourgeoi~
apiriu and ~'·e them authority over production."
Not l'tius doo the prolt:tnriat
\ ' le""'
It continuC$ uncompromh·ing ly to
~ituation.
the
carr~
o.at it.J
plan of lhe UOtiO,.ic fro r,ani.:Ciion of t~ wlwl~
011 the IJa~i S o£ a
Proletarian Di<:tut o r ~hip, and ins iM.s thut the eco·
n omic pr,o~ram or Communi•m hu prO\'en to be
deeply Yit..al and corrCcL
.
171km of b ourpt'OiJ f'COnOnl l
Which or the two i5 rittht ?
Let us auempt to gh•e our aruwer on the bQ.Ii.J
of an analy~it o f .t he material fttcts concerning the
productivity or labor.
In order to avuid wilundentandinp. we muet
make a r4"w~re l iminary remark&. In recent liter·
1ture, very Often two conc.t:ption& are C(lnfusedthe productivity of l•bor and it.s inteneity. .AJ it
well known, however, there uist.s a wide difference
beh.·ccn thcae two conceptions. /
l11a productivity of labor . i.. e .• it.s ability in a
ccrt1in time to produce a ctrtain quantity of goods,
. dependa not only upon the worker'• ekill and in·
tcgrity, but alto upOn the means and too)r; of pro·
duction at hi& d ispoeal. There£ore, in the proccsa
of increasing the productivit y of labor, tTemendoua
· ai~ificance must Le attached to the condition of
the meant and toola of production. and the inccs·
aant and au5cient aupply or raw m.aleriala and fuel.
•
In thil r~pecl . •II the dist:rict.a of Ruuia, thank.a
to the war and to the internal di!Drganiz.atioo of the
meCbMiam of exchange, w~e unable to repair and
renew their industrial 'equipment. The imj>oui·
hilhy or obtaining new machinery makes nccet·
a.ary the continuation of work in the factori es with
old, lootened machines,. the inability to acquire •ew
pa~U for them rcsuiLa in aubttitut.ing paru approxi·
mat.ely fitting, etc. All theae hne .eriowly diaarranrd the proceu of production.
The lack of uw materials and fuel , particularly
after the oocup•tion of the Dronet.& Ruin' by Ge:rm.an
and Ukrainian trodps, •wav•ted thi5 indust:ri•l
ruin. Under auch eondi.lioo.a the producti'rity of
labor oould not but decreuc catutrophically.
S~.rouha.neowlv with tbil, and with aimilar ef.
feet, prOCC!flded ihe WJI")' npid dcmohilia.aLiou of
ractoriM---the tra.ru.fez or produc:t.ioo from • war
bui. 1o a peace buio, w~icb the Sorirt
c.:...n.-
?
had to carry out without prr,·ioua prepaution, im·
mrdiatd y after it.s capture or political power. But
e\'en • gradual lranr;ition hom one lr..ind or produc·
tion to Another', nder normal conditioM. is foiJo·wed by a period of aomc> diurrangement, ftdap·
~lion to the changi n ~ cond ition!~; it is ordinarilv
connected with the receipt of new suppliee or raw
m.1 terials, and particu la rl y ~· ith the receipt of new
mac-hinery and tooh. • of production. Gnder con·
ditions. howr\·er. or inconcei ,·ahle world economic
n.houstion, "'ith an a lmost complete co,sat inn or
fore1gn trade and ~:n immen!!IC decre.BM o£ the in·
trrnol excha~ge. the situJ tion .,.... becoming wor.e
and \Oo'Orte. )( we add •to th i11 the 11c ute lack in
the me:m~ of obtaining raw m.ateri11l and fuer and
of the payin~ or labor. then it becornef. clear that
£or the proletariat to orgoniu and carl"y on pro·
duct ion under ~ouch wnditionfo was a probl~m in·
conceiuhle in i~ difficulty and perplex..ity.
No ler.s an influence on the productive prOC:CM ia
nerciaed by aupply. The RuMian worker who,
until the war, uted ~ unlimited quantity of
bread, can:-101 exi~t upon an eighth or a quarter of
a pound or bread, and ttill, judging from reporll
and inrormation, he cannot alwaya figure eva1 on
thU modest ration. And the worker everywhere
wu occupied; not only with factory work, hut 1l1<1
'-'ith the roOO problem. At times a whole ractory
(Vik5a) brouf:!:ht b,· the lack of bread to the Jut·
ut.remit~.< mobili~ and .ends o ut detachmenta
armed " 'ith machine gunr; to obtain bread. TI1ere
it no nee.::l o£ M)'ing that a 5tan•ing or ha fr.staJ,-ing
~·orker is in general a poor -...·orker; besides this,
ho"'·e\·er . the insufficient and irregular bread aupply
breaks the continuit )' and organiz.ation or the productiv~ proce:M. by c11u!ing mD.!I~ idlenesa (whic.b
numerica lly continued to grew in a .e.riea of rae.
torie& of the Centrd.....di.ttrict.)
The reporu and atatir;tic! from all fact ories in
one voice point to the lack of fuel, to auempt.s ot
adaptation of new formt of it in connection "''ith
the transition. ond to the lack of the ~·hole ~ria
of part11 end raw materialr..
At the preaent 1 time, when we are aucceNrully
realizing the new harvest and are introd ucin~ every" ·here the cia" ration, the 1ituation may be COD·
fidered much inlpfO\'ed, The influence or thia
will he noticed in the f1ctOT"' work in the ne:rt
few months. We shall not speak at all of the ·in·
fluence of the ch·il war upon the productive proc~ when Makeefka, for inatanoe, wu twice OCCU·
pied by Ka ledlne'a Cot~tcka and the Ukrp.iniana,
and ia .no~· held a third time by the 'Ge:rmana; the
tame thing hu al&a happened to the Petrovaky
factoriee.
Rea lity often presents ur; "''ith difficult peculiar·
ilie:.oo-a "'·hole aeries ~f factories nnd mills are
often incapable or putting out their full production
8.5 a resu.h of the 0\'er-con~ettion or their More·
h ouse~: thi11 is to be .een in a "'hole ~oeri es of tt·
ment and textile millr.; match anO rubber fact ories
h,h·e olso complained or the conge~tion of their
.torehouoJ<er;; the &.a me comp laint is often nuide
. even by our car and locomoti,·e conslruction rIC·
tories. Thus, the spokesman or the Kolomenslcy
hclory in the ~1B )' factor y conrerence or milia aup·
pl~·ing railroad equiPment. brou~ht fonh the fo,l·
lowing data: •• TI1e output of can is delayed h)·
the r act that there i!l no plaCe in - ·hicb to 5lore the
fmi l'l hed product. . . . At the ractory. cars stand
in la'rge numbeu over the whole f..:tory ara.;
there are now ready about 1 teoden a.nd 35 locomotivet.." FinGDcial dillicultie. have been and are
experienced by almo~t all factories. U delays in
the pa~·ment of the bi-weekly w~ge which t ook
pl~tce at the Kolomen.ky fll!IClOty, according to the
evidence of the 1pok~man, hue already cauted
muc:h concern to the maa&e:a of workeu and have
grea~ly influenced the whriC productive ,pr~,
1 then what an influence would the non -payment of
wages for a period or two m onths, (Vikumlcy fat!·
lOT)' ) or the periodic payment or only a third of the
WlgP., (Heloreu.k.)· factoriet) have prodUced?
The reporll of the managemenLa ofhhe oatioul iud Petro,·sky and Makeefka factories definitely
emphasize this point.
The management of the
Pet.rovaky f•ctnrica fonnulates ib ~>pinion on thi•
quet.tion in the follo"'·ing words: •• The manage~nt together with the factory committee bu from
the very beginning considered it its duty to increue
the productivity or the hctory, hut all our endea·
von in hit direction could not be realised bee.u..e
of the. l•ck of fund., therdore. to incrCue the pr~
ductiYity of the facory •ppearod impouible." lo
!ipite of· the .aeming 1implicity of thil ~itior...,
many comude., not tpcaldng of bourpoil ecoa~
mitta. do not take it into con!idetation ; and ya: i1
i> a loci lha1 abtolu1ely all laclorieo, oiU...
a.t.ic.a;lly or tpaamod;cally, are auiJ~ from snfat
fiauw:iaJ d.ilicullica· wb.icb brins aetrib)t delay. Lo
the productive pr~. At Lhe p.....
fioa.ncial dilicu.ha.. h.ft i.. &.o a ~ or
•roo=·
:.)2:
<~ep.
..J...L
.
I
Under auch conditione an increne in production
can comr--about on ly as the reault of a t itanic ltnlg·
gle or the "'orkera, aa the TetUit or an inconceivable aacrillC"e on the p&rl or her~ic muees of their
penonal ·in:erest.J for the triumph of the common
cau.e. And none the lese, it is e'uctly this pro·
~ or increue that we are bound to admit an ana·
lyzing the figures or a whole &eties or f•ctory repor1L
Ordinari~ y. when it is attempted to praTe a
great decreue in productivity of f.aoriea, it il
done in an extremely aimple m.anoer: 6.pra aft
taken for the first quarter (\f the lut prc-re:,olu-
tiouary yean, and are compared with the Cf~
spondi.ng 6guree; of tM pre.cnt year; or it ia doDC
~ more •imply by merely t.a.king the figuma for
No1'. and Dec. in a .e:iee of l1te yean. The reauh
is &lw•y• the ume; a coloual ~reaae of productivity il lbown, and from that the infe:reooe it
drawn of the immcdiatelr forthcoming catutroph)·.
Nooe the lest, not a aingle a.ane penon ever doubted
the fact that the grea.tett economic changes IDU.It
umpororily affect production. And. therefore, i1
il not import.ant for Ul to kD'ow that after the prolcUrian revolution wnich bu taken pl•oe in an
11m0!J)bere of ett:reme economic uh1u!tion, there
was to be noticed • dccrea.c in the producbiity
of labor. What is important ia how the C11M"'&Iine ran a!Ler lhc Cbanse- It ia neceu.ary to compare ~e 68'-'ru of the 1MIIlr"ett moOtha fnllowins the
c.oan~ gradually one after another, in order to
di>cnor lhe b.WC: ~endeucy which will enahlo w lo
dr~w • cor.clwion u to whether we bne to deal
with a dccreue or Lbe prodoctiTity of labor-.. a
pcrmaoenl pheu""""'OD under the p . - clwJged
aoci.al atructurc of life--or wMiha- it ·il lllel'ely ••
lemporary c:<>nditioo. 0. the bui. of lhio prop<>
aition, we will now tubmit eome ~
(T• Bo COII!aeM)
�The New York Communiat
A Moderate Socialist Legislator
TN the Sp r in,r: of 19 18 a mem~r of the Socia list
1 Pa.~v wu d r11 hed And t11 ken to Camp Oi1., N~
Jer&e y, "'-h~·: he rduted mi lit ary ·IC't'"\' icc:~claimin@:
to be 11 C o n ~e ie nti o u s Object or. Instead of being
clu~d with other C o n ~oe ic:ntmu !l Object on, thia
Comr ade wu uUeJ , a}tn lapJ. ..,-hen the tCSl of
the camp wa5 a !<~ le<p end thrown int o the Guard
H o u ~ . \O'hrre the offK:err. in ch arge threatrncd to
e
beat him up . When he prote&Je:d , he \0'8 6 told th'at
wu ~:nti!led lo no Cfl nsidro:ra_tio_n fr l' m the autho_r.
~ hecau1-e he v.·u a ~ oc ull t s l; the officer m
r ge iuformed him that if Socia li1tt were ~ven
comi d~r a ll on , thry u•ould do in !.':.i • counJry w~t
tbry hod doM in Rausi4.
R a,·ing rdu!oed to ... lute an officer, th i.A Cornu~
""' "'~ then &Larved a nd again threatened.
tie replied
that he had not r.i gned an)' enli, tment paper&, and
wu thertiore !> till ·' c-i\'il ian. He then appea.lod to
t.ht "Soci ali..t' ' C<' ngt~:Mman , Mr yer London. 1be
foll o\<l'ing lettrn. ~oi guetl by CtJn~!feA.'! ma.n London's
&ee" rt tary. art illuminating. It will bt noc iud that
the "' rt ter i~n o red the C omn:~de 's contention th at
he \<I' B " !till t:t ci vili an, and addreued him u
.. PritHJJt " ; thu! helping to .fix. hU military
llatUJ :
Mu-01 l...o'loor; , l :!lh Ottt,. Nc • York
Hou .. of RAopruentatiYeo U. S .
WuhiDcton, D. C.
May 6, 1916.
h.. been
refer-red to me, and I hne uked to b.a..e
inqu iry made u to )'OUr r,cntence to determine
whether it i• in acco rdance wi lh the orden of the
Sec relar)' of War. J knew somet ime ago of your
having h«n p laoetl iD the Guard Hou!te, but I have
auch confidence in Captain Termini 's good ecnae
and j ud ~nt tltat I didn't fee l like caJii.og it to
Lhe Department'• attention. I would write him
now about it except that I believe army rqulatioi.
require any co mplai.ota of thi1 •ort from citia.em to
be made directly to the Secretary of Wu.
SiDcerely youra.
Roca BAI»wnt.
JUDO 8, 1918.
Mr. M ,
Camp DU. N. J.
Dou Mr. M - : -
JUDO e, 1918.
Pn.M-,
12th Batulion, Guard Houae,
Camp DU, N. J.
Dear Comrade :) regret very much that I did DOt make mywe:II
au&lcientl y ~dentood in my reply to your com ·
mUDicatiol".
Your cue will not be taken up here. Your im·
~Jiate auperion have entire juriadiction in a eue
auch u youn:
1 have mailed you an addilional copy of the
Presiden t'• Proclamation -concern ing con.acienliou.a
objeCtors, and also, aupple.mentary iutruction ia• •uod in the
cooD«.tioa..
..me
Fntemally yours.
MAn J..J:wu, S.crwry.
At the aame time the Comrade wrote to Roser
Baldwin, of the N ation~) Ciril ' L..iber-t.ie. 8W'CIIunot a Socialiat orga9isation. And . lmoat immedi·
atcly lM: received the following amwen, which fur.
ni.ah a glarinp; contrut to. thOae quoted a.bo..-e:
NatioDal Ci..il Liloertiao B - .
70 Fifth
A~--.
New Y...t.
Maf 7, 1918.
Mr. M · ,
Camp DU, N. J.
Door Mr. M - \Your I...., of April 30th, addr.aecl to
the C.U
wl..s
Left Wing
TIH.:
Left Wing organi.lation bu decided to aup·
p or1 the foll owing nominees and a.k• all re\'Oiuti onary Soci• li.:U to do likewiie :
·
Fe r tht 1\'c.liotuJ l £ncuti11e Comm iltu j l 1t Oil·
trict.· /\'. J. Jl ou n l'ic l&, 1\'. )'., £du:ard Lin.d&rtn,
Brooklyn, 1\', Y., Loui.J C. Fra ino, Bo110n, Mb.u.
For l nlutuJtkJrllll Dd~&aJtl : J. £ . Fer&t.u"on, Chi·
Ill., John R~~d. {\', r .. Loui.s c. FraiM , Boi·
ton , Afau ., C. £ . Rut~n b~rg, Cln~tlon.d, Oi
Ctl&o .
Addil ioDa l Locals And Draochea th•t h•Ve joined
the Lch Wing :
Kanae:•
City, Miuouri
Guard Houae, No. 2,
Local Tona"·anda , New York
Camp Dis. N. J.
Lithuanian Branch, i'o. 1Y, K.inge
Dear Comrade :Bra nch Rif'l gewood , No. 2, ~ew Jeney
Under .eparate cover I tun ma iling you a copy
German
Federa tion of Kinga; and Queena Countie.
or thr Oftic:ia l Bulletin contain ing the President'• ..
Spant..h· Bra.nt b , New York
Procl amati on with reguW. to the righi.J and dutie.
17th A. D. Branch, New York
of con&eientious objeCtors. You will realize, if you
18th A. D. llrar><h, New York
ba,·e not done ao already, that there are rules and
. rtPJi atione governing the coDduct of men in the
The · foll owing Left Wing mua meet !I and
mil itar~· ..crvice, and al10, the:t th~ are pl1Diah·
open air demonJt.ratiOt11 on May h t :· menu pro,•ided for an y vio lation of thote rulea and
Queen! Count y arQueena County Labor Lyceum,
f'e!Ul&tiolll.
Frat..,.ll y· youn,
MAn Ll:wtJ, S.crwry.
IIDca B.uliWDI.
Thanh to the Chi! ~ 8ureu tbe c-.
nde .wu fioally rei......!.
Th,i.e i.e only ODe o£ the COUDta in ~ )oq izMlir:c.
ment o£ the Consre-io11al rcpreeentatift ol ~
m Ofil •dvanced and raolute .ectiOn of the worit:
.clut parti<t." N.....U.el- the Rip
in
Loc.. l Ji;cw York )"""~ 'l.i.. "' 1M laM
ekaion..
Pn. M - .
! 53 rd bepot ~rigade,
\
. Thanh very awcb indeed I or yo"" ol J..,. 6th.
I am glad to know that you hne boa. releaaed frthe Guard Houae, aod oow bne the froodom ol
the camp with the other£b
'eetoh. I ~:~Lay 1,. dow.
•t the eamp wi't.bin the
week or tiD ell,... aDd ·
will oortaioly look you
.
·
With boot .nabeo,
Si-.ly
8 o'clock.
'
Aatoria Local, 458 Broadway Aatoria. L I. , 8
o'clock.
5th Ruuian and Ukrai.oi&D Branch , · Rutgen
Squ.are , 2o'd~
JewW. 2nd A. D:, Fo•ward Hall, 8 o'cl k.
4th A. D.: Kings at headquarters, 8 o'cl
Bunch 2, 6th A. D., Ki ng• (Jewiah ranch),
open air. 2 o'clock.
14th A. D., IUn ~;~~, at Bridge Piau, G and SL
7 o'clock.
8th A. D. ,' ~· Y., lOth Street and 2nd Aven ue,
and &ueton...Slreet and 2Dd Avenue, 2 o'cl
.
17th A. D., N.Y., open air, 2 o'clock.
En:
There will be a general rall y of the Le'k jWingua
of the 23rd A. D. on May ht, at l Z o'cl l
before
the Browruville LAbor Lyceum in order t form a
unit of the Left Wing for the parade that ill take
place during the' afternoon.
'
All Lefl Wingen are urs-ed to gather an preeenl
a lb'ODJ f ronl
. . .
Oa Suoda y, April 20th, the Eutern D~
·
Con·
ftfltion of the Hung-arian Fr.d.eratioO of th ~ial .
ilt Party, .doptod the Left .Wins Manif to and
Prop-am. Thia it the third Diatrict Co vention
of the lhmsari.aD Fedoret.ion to join the
Wing-.
The.re-rem.aina only oDe Diatrict. the amallo. which
is in the wat.. and wblth, up to thi.a time, u not
bad an opponu.n.ity to .-oto on the qu«<llio • Tile
M.anifeao •nd ProgrMD will Le. lubmiued to t.be
•w aod 6le of the Huopr.iao Feduatioo ousf>·
Not~a
out the United S~ in Lbe form of a rdC'I"edw:a..
~m:rTES OF REC~L\R CIT\' COMMITTE£ lltETING
OF 1ll [ U:FT IH~C SOCrtO:V, HELD APIUL 27, 1919.
, ......... em-
M inute~ of thf: 1.ut ~ tud ud adopcld..
Mmuu·• uf th~ mcm!.tton.tuv men i..a, ::ad aad ~
au bmtll~ ud Lbc · foUowin& ddccat•· -.a.~ecl
M~~t.:Wu:~1 Crou p, 20lh A. D. ·~ %, JtUap Ce.-'W&
l.hbu.an.iu Br. 19 joW Ldt . '«'i.aa. del.ep.l.- Y.....
Ziltnk u, ako cocurlh•u• SlO.
M1oori1y Croup 1.. .W, Br. 2. 23nl A. D . ~ Co... DnW
Abo ••
Sth Ruw iaD Ukn.lnlu Bt.. Sch waru ud Wateiick.
Wrman Ur. 2 Ridac•ood. Cottchalk &Dd Rcicbu\.
Mu1 iun e&rrit'd to · b..ltoe roll uU br ai..U., la'leui41·
ann• li.t• of dr lcp tN • ·bo mUiol li&B ~ &ni¥al as ..U..,
and if anr fa il lu •umcL brant.bfll be MCJ.6ecl
K"•l.u ~eated temporari.lf fw 2ad A. D. pecU.c .....cleciJon.
llcrmu eeatcd lCIIIporvi)J '"' Sr. 4, lW. A. D. ~
Mot ion anini to lake up i.oMnlc:tlo• ol ..........
me<Linc aher Eaee u tl ~ Secntaty'a ,..,.n..
Esraui'e Commiuec'• fTPOf1 ' (a.blut•l : ,
Nu lAh · ·inaer a4aJJ de~c 011. ~ wUJ. w.w-_
:!
to 'S~~~j
(;~',\: S.R~
be t....d .,.
Muuoa c:an-ied II) dcc:t c:oc..aaiTtee of 6ft to ca.piJ wid!
Encu.t.i~ Committee'• alcuu.--U....
recommnd•a ion of
mc~iot~~e~~~cf"a~~:::, ~-.::.. ~
plie~ti o na for
membn-.hip wisll
~
Commltttt from tbe · J7Lb A. 0 . ukia&
r.
wh~=ti~~rtc:IT~J'!ot~!'\Jd':;'- •,.wl
150 ...... ,_
...U.. IRd ..
•uf~\ro;r::-:~;:.,:t:~'C~C.:::U.:e:*
l.ot e-~t o ne.
l2th A. D.: N. Hourwteh.,
bnacJ.a
Bt.; ltl
R~
.•
~'D.~ :.~.~-0 ~·,~ ;&.:,~.~- J~'i~d~:·J-.~ ~
£. M.c ,\ lpine. 3·5 6 JO\h A. D. : KCIIIJtr, lad A. D.; Hib·
~ck. 2nd Jf"Wiah Dr.; Miclu.d .. ecr--; l..up.icklc. 7Ui
A. D.: CNpehkl<, Ubobolaa U..
Followina oominattd for Ory Coe.aiu• ,.,._ ......,._ :
Updpn, 1. ei.AMooc. Wn. Jacob&. Kn. MiiMr, 0.. Mlh,
Zucker, lricbe.a.oa.
Eaocutift Secn:tarr'• ...,., :
Rcqumu W a aU .-oiUA&oer •.,.U.. for W.r .. ....WU.
• he.adquutcn.
..
· .
Motio n carried tUt all Lelt Wia, bruc:llt. • ...U aD
R. " '·
ulic:~ AdJ~ J:.;..;;,.;-~
.--,..
HELP THE 17th A. D.
Rehm>iab lt.t Hoa.._.,._.
0... day after the r..n..it.m, .......
the oJehric wiru, wu atoloe l>r U.. lo.j.
era, the memben ol the~ ..........
iD l>oldiq • ~ iD their ~·
era. The out day U..,. ........ -.1
thet the fvmihrre Woald ... "~ loot'
the, wtad ;.. the ......,,, U..t u..,.
wantad ..;u..,. U.. hnlitaro 1M
1-Jen.
At the , . _ I ...... U..,. .... ..., a
frw ol..! ~ . . . a .Mt ol a....tifal _...,
eloctric: lqhta. no.,. ..... aJoa.t ho
~
qearten.
cloU.... li> natora U.. ......
Will &.e bUDdred Left W'IDJ'.n
dooate One Dollar eacb for tbio
7
~--oe..doot
.
I
.....
AJdreu .U ~~"' ao
Juliua
Coc1kiDc11 Ul E. t7tli Sbwt
. ~
)
�•
The New Yorlr c:o......-iat
I
International Notes
lt.oly
day strike foz the seneral purpoee of de:nowtratini ahould tnah: op ita mind to take the aame -=tioa
ryvfE ILIIi.&ll Socialist Pdty, th.r mo.t powerful Irish labor's 110!idarity with their comude.' in _this country aa wu tak.eo lr crgaou.ed labour
.1 party in ' the country, hu for the put two throughout the world, or whether Ma y hl is to Me in Ireland when con«riptiuo wu ahout to be
montlu . be-en pau ing through a eritia which hu the initiation of a smer•l rtri.k.e aimed apinst the thnut upoo the Iri.b people. Let "'· tbereroro,
dh·ided it into t-.·o faclion.,_ro·r and asainst the f!;OVern.mcnL The reaction.a..ry independent unions eommenoe by doins u Ueland did, and b.ne a un.iDi c::~t o rship o( the ProletariaL Prampolini, Tunti
of Belfut., whoae le.den were reaponaible for .....J otop cloy oo May L
and other parliamentary leaden have flatly re- brealinl! the recent peral ttrik.e in th1t city, haft
..The Miner•' Fedcntion '¥already pledpd to
futed to aupport the Dictatonhip of the Prolet.arilt, suggested that Labor down tools on May g, sJving a ~eral Aoppage for one day upon the 6..nt
dcdaring themKives to be agairut bloodshed, and u the reuon that Saturday fall• on thl! day .:.!ld Monday iD May. Perhaps the Minen' Conference
considering revolution unneceaaary lo accompl~b ia a h.~ f holiday. Com..r:nen.t.in.f on this action the at Southport., to be held on Tue.day and Wed.Dre.
.. the rew rc€ orms the worken need .••
Jloice of /....abour, o5cia..l or!an of the lri..ah Tr&lll· cloy, will g; .. a lead to or!ODioed labour by de.. Violmcc i.J a crime, and futile," Pumpolini ·port and General Worker.' Union, believes th.u ~e daring their otoppar ohall t&ke pi.C. oa May',
declares in a rteent article in Awn.ti. 1"here U rank and file in BeUut will ,and with their
"'We mu.t all now cb001e between Karl Man
another way. U'e aay that th., bourpoilie is a brothen for May 1.
and WinJton Churchill. lt ia quite vo-ible that
minority , Jtill they rule. We can rule., and the
A l)eW factor it the Limerick aituation, which if the Minen' Federation make mong reprCICiliA·
way to rule is to cooquer the majority wi~ prop a· bu deTeloped aince the Nation.t Executive Com·
lion to the Triple Alliance that body will beck the
vudL"
mince U..uod iu call, and it i. belit't'ed that I.rL:l Miners' action. It would therefore be i.Dcwnbalt
l..azz.&ri, ICIC1'd.ary of the lt.ali an Socialist Party, labor will now utilize May Day for a nation·
upon all trade unioni.R.a to eowidcr fa Ybrably IIUCb
atandt for the Dictatorship of the ProletariaL ln wide ttrikc in sympathy with tbe Limer~ Soviet a powerful I~ u they would be ~O'ered.
an aruwr:r to Pramp~lini, in a aubteiquent U.ue of otrike.
"In e'ft'l'"J trade union there are raolutc and
AIXJn.ti, be write~~ under the bead, J'iok~ and Diccouragcow meo who are aa bitterly oppoted to con·
Ea.Load
tDUJrJAip :
.c:.ription u Ute Miner&. Unfortunately for the
Robert
Wi
lliams,
general
MICTdary
of
the
Trana.. Our fathc:n bne uugbt ua lhtt the Social Rev~
members of thete other organitati om there ia Dot
lution ia not coup d' etat, but that the maturity port Workers' Federation, ae:o.t the following mea·
auch atrength of character at the bead of affain u
of ~rt.tin conditions call into action lhe revolution, u.ge calling for a May Day ltJ'ike, tu the London
there it with the Mi.nen. The whole of the orwbich ia DeC4!:f!6aJ")' for changing the fOCia l relatiow D.Ur Hero/J :
" A! one actively aHOCiated with the Triple In· @&niud worken of Coventry, it ia reportrd, ha"'
between men. We rnn.ain fa ithful to this teach ·
deten:n.i.ned upon thia action. The worken of
ing. J( the bour,:eo~1e choo~e~ violence u the lut duttrial Alli..anoe, let me congratulate you upon the
Britain want a lead; here ia their opportunity. Do
defentc of ill privileges. we "'·ill UN violence to atirrill D appeal in the editorial today to that organ·
not
let us demonstrate in a wi&hy ·wuby manna
iz.ation to decide upon 'action , '"''ift, aha..rp and
con.50 iidate the rising power of the- proletariat."
for the W'orker1' International while Winatoo
V.hile this discussion is raging an other qu~tion atem.' The Triple Alliance and the Labour Party
Churchill a.nd bit aa&OCi..ales want to prepare two
of more im.modiate htctica l importance----the qu~· are u.krd immediatel y to aummon an lndustr1al
million ba yoDet.. to auppreu the Worken Inter·
tion of p.tntcipat ion in the forthcoining national Parliament to papple with the present aituation.
national
throu@hout Eorope."
"'The Labour Party Esecutin has paucd a ltrong
electi on-is enr:afl'ing the aHention of the Party
The r-i~tional Executive or the Britiah Labor
branches. II Socid, 1"\aplee, official organ of the resolution upon the terms of the Miners' nsolu~
Party in So~them h.al)·, oppotei participation : tion aubrnittcd to the Labour Party'a League of Part y formulated a Aat.sncnt of ill polky at
..To acctpt the elections, today, means the spend· Nations Conference. The Parliamentary Commit· the League of Nationa Conference held in London
in the 6nt week in April. We reprint the lt.ld&in~ of our m er,iea for the continuation of the . t.er of the Tradoe Union CottgTl!N, however, ia
•tandins direct.Jy in the way of the withes of the ment in part:
bour~is institut ions we oeed to destroy . . . . The
ort:anized
•
ork·people
of
the
country.
Organized
1ne Com.m.ittee han abo cowidered the Con·
re,·olutionary conquest of parliament is toda y un·
avoidable. Every electoral action. now, i~ futile worken are determined that con&eription ahould acription Bill now before Parliament to be unand dangerous and is better ldt to the bourgeoisie. be resi&ted by every possible meana, but the Par- neces.sarv. and a direct violation of election pledp
liamentary Committpe, u ill name would indicate, given by resporuible M.ini..sten at the late ~&I
The Party mu&t not Lake part in the elections."
\election, and dcm.a.nd ita withdrawal.
On account of the Cr iai s broup:bt about by thcee believ~ in lobbying and depuLation.s.
two questions the Socialist Party called a conven ·
..The Committee have also taken the Ru.i.a.n
'1"hi.s matter of conaeriptian concerna all ort ion at Rome, in "·hich it wu decided that action ganiud workers, both oul.lide and inaide the Triple aituation in\o apeci.e.l consideration , and. in the
wu necf!!iii,.Urr and that the Party ·~ould call maM Alliance. l..a.bow it acc i.Utoroed to demon.strate on . name of the politically-organized w .trkingdue and
tMet in8' to propAgate the .-general atrik.e for the May Day or oo the first Saturday or Sunday in Labour mo\'ement., reiLcrat.e their demand that· the
relea!'llt of all pol itical prisooen, . the "'· ithdrawal May, ac:cordin«: lo Yaryin! circumslanoea. Labour policy or military inLeriereoce in Ruuia abaJ be
of th,- tro'l ps from Ru u iJ~, the ending of the Tri·
otopped forthwith.
pol itan v.:ar and the immediate demobili.ution o£
"They regret that the inability' of the eo_,.
the army.
ment to make up their minds rqa.rdins their aUi ·
' In Time of War
The seneralwike started in Milan, Rome. Turin,, "'
tude to Ruuia hu meant that Britiab .oldien hne
By lAoioe 8ryuoL
Boloroa and tn&n)' other bi! industrial ccntera,
b«n left proc:tically ioolated in Murmanrol< ODd
resulting. in many place.. in civil war. The g.:• · II'W. -..ur I r..J
A..rcha.ngel , ~d expotoed to attac:k; the Commiuee
emment i~ uain' the queation of Fiume to re'\-ive Of llw». 10 ..Aom
expret.S an emphatic opinion that an arnnpmeot
llHir Ao. brou!hl
the hysteria among the maNCe and thw ll.a.mped.e Love and f.W. in wir fellol.•,
ohould b< made which will leod to the i.mmedate
the re\·olution. It will we fiume for political
ceuation of boailitts and the aale withdrawal of
For mr M>l'l U... 4ad WM lAin«•
putpo&eS in the comin'! elections, aild br thit meana J. dot</1 b.com. <luaU..
British troov- {rum Ruaaian aoil
·
the revolution tuy for a ahort time be pottponed, A• rio< hi/uid< oft<r &A. ,...."'« of &A. lumb<rmo"'
"1'he Committee have alao ooesidered tbe OODbut it cannot ~ nerted. The forces which creAte Piliful t~~W.. tM tDrn:U,e oJ •JMntlid wi.JW,IU
tinued retention ~ prUon of political and military
revolution a..re active and the ltat.e ia in complete I .~ idk, /Hunn;
offeode.n, indr-:linl! CoDKientioua Objecton, &Dd
bankruptcy.
.
Mr r..UU. t.-U ,.... """ &4. l>ak <~Wop oflif• cloclo.n thol "" _ , . ohould b<
Another petal mike t. called for May Day and
•II over the countr > the worken are mullins for But U... wllielo ....,. . ~ ...._ .. . , _
action. On the reeult of thf.e demorutratioM de5pUa
....I
1>< .J.W,
pends the immed..i1te future or the ~lOtion in Aw"""'"«of....._
Tho propandiona for ~ action by the
lt•lv; if the f!;OVCJ'tl!De"Dt e1 .1 surrin M1y Day lhe .Mr era ,...,.,_ coiJ,
Sponioh worhn on May I, haoe ooo oJ.naed tho
rn~lotion aiay be del1yed r01 tome m~ntha.
Tlwy ,.., iNli8er...Ur ... &4. ~. of bcl<- ~t tbol the worbn bo:no . ~ _moboli.,.J
ne PllltJ bu docidecJ ~" ...... conoectiODI with
u ooldien to carry OD - . 1 ~ modor
the reactioJJt.ry Second Intemal~u.l and alip with On &4. . _ '-IM of..._ ooo\o ...iM a. ...hom
military low Ia tloo of a _ . ! otrib.
the Third •lmeruatiooal o" lbe booio of the Bol·
uw
s..a....
w
-·u-
sr""""' ..
--."
.;.u.,
"-iil call
.......
Tho Natioaal Eucutioe of the lrioh ~r Party
._ iooued a ca11 f~ a - - ' llriU ... Moy O.y.
It io - cloo. whotDor It io p«>pooed to booe a -
.........,... ,_,._
SUI _, fooliM ..;. .,;u U....
For ...... iAoy- ,.,,... .. M.,
, ...... - uw... .... -u p.. ..... ,... u..;r
r..
,-.·
..-......,-...o..ta.-w.
~J""""-'-s
municipal llriU io ...lool.
1no -..~...• of tbo 48-bour ..... 1\oo the
Tho
with
.... .......
wltita
N.n.. labor
io ........... tbo l.oolo., jail,
~
,
(
�.I
The New York Communid
7
A Window on the World
Th~ upit.'llltl pre.a is ftgain r~porting a collapt.e
principle~ of Bolshevism." Ia he right? Oa
the a.mwer to th is question hang• the hte of the
Go\IICrnment'• front on all ~oidn.. •md
world to a degree the importance of which it is
thnt Ltnin and Trot..d~· are agatn packing the old
trunk with gold,and bombt, prepariQ& to evacuate
hard to overestimate."
This is correct. ~nin U right-hu bon ri!hl
to neutntl counlriOI'o.
ever aince he slllted the ..
The Military Situ.ation ·a. Ra.N'of the
5Mit!l
the
roe
fact m ore than a
B~·
THE
The
Teleac:ope
Covenant of the Le.ae;ue of Nat.iom c:GDRitutea a defin.te Yieeory for the fore. of Ucbt
O\'er thoee of dark.nea.a. JuR ooruider t.he prorilio111
matk for labor. A pmuancnt commiltcle; ooo-t.hi.rd
ol. wh""' a>cmbero will be •lec:ted by Labor, ..,...
thitd by CapiLli •nd Otte•thitd appoiatod by lho
Covem~ta ; will be ad up to deal with labor
problcmo. Labor will tl>uo alwoyo loe ia a """"'
minority.
No wonder the Bolobe.iki ""looiaa lholr Fipl
DeW
a cardul retding of theae Nme papc:ra, bow· year •so.
one diK"o\·ci• the foil owing (acts·
The new,papen haJ bcucr !el a move on!
The french, abandoning all alotn, are rapidly
Out of the Fryina Paa IDto t..be Fa..
leavmg the Crimt.u; onl~ a handful of f.oldien
'I h e Tim~J o f A p ril 2Cith reports the arri.. l at
nrc ~&~II pl&tding the dock-)·ard,, in o rder to try
and ·. ave the Frtnf"h baula.hip Muabt:cw, which Genoa, Italy, on the tlriti•h w•nhip· Lord fNrLion,
wall ltud up for rep.~ ira and e.annot ge1 to lea again. of ~oneral Ruuian Guud Dukes, Grand
.\ d!'pntc-h from fVuno)·ank, Siberia, reporLI and the Dowager TN.rioa Marie F~oror,a, all
Anotlu:r -rictory r or Domocraq lieo ia the -Ia·
thot "a lcrge Boi!Jle,·il force i• endenorin~ to cut former I>· mauacre-1 by thf' Bot.hevild. n, Dowa.
oioa 0! M•mo from tho
which will eaablo
the Sibenan railway line to.JI of 1\.rat.noyarr.k.." ger T!t-.1rina h~t @'One I~ England at the invitation
&ny power, to di..poacd. to I"Oitore lawanordcr m
Thit. i& new.. Kramoyauk i• half way .crou Si- of Quecu Alexandn , where •he Will- douh lew be
that country• without runnin& up qaiut l.be I..pe.,
her ia. According to previoU5 di~patchea, Si~ri£ granted a pen l ion from the pocket.a of th pate"-' 85 { '~ {rom lloh he,·iki •is rnondu ago; and yet
f ul Drit ish tu.-payen. The mi. of the noblea.
Of COU!"'e if two powen dlfl'er oa the lawaaorder
here ~·e find a " !urge force" openHing " eu t . of twent y·tc\'en in all, are pretty active; contiderine;
how d1ey wf're thro\.fn inJo • ·ell• and bomb. the l.agve wit~ ia~
doubt!.; '"""'" ~
. l\.ra,nO\'ank." Of cour~ if tl1e at~ohlJ~-1 to cut
droppetl on them. fhey are ~und for Moal.e joiat ezpeclitioa.
the Tran!>·Siberian •uccceth, that • ·ill be the 6ni1b
of th• t.:okhak um;es, th• AIHccl fo,_ and th• Carlo.
Tchekho-Siov~:~k.s in the Ural..
Ital y ~ our idea of e:uctly th wron~ p~!or
In view or the !ro<J~=Cy wi11t which the RisiJtt
Since a di .. patch from Wau.aw mnre than a a Ruui•:• Grand Duke to land thea.e daye, ~tl-. ite Winsen are c.allfn, in the copa to p~ P..ny
month a~to announc~d that General Petlura had frontiers clo&td on account of "revolution
dit- unity, ~ tUS8est that an appropriation be m.de
made an agr~ment with the RuNian Soviet Gov- turbance~." But then , where can, a pOor royalty out of P'"any Iundt '!' buy polioo ;.tuat..
.
ernmeot, and that the joint Ru6-ll ian and Uhaini.a.o so?
arrni~ were f1~hting the Frtnch in the Crimea, we
1be Rirbu and Wroar• of Small Na •
We learn that 1 aew ollioo lw
..-..!
fail to understand "'hat 3 meant by the reported
-Mr. Wilr.on ha• ju!t refu~ to ~ant' F
to iD Loe.J New York--aominai.Jooa Are oow i..a 'onler
1urrcnder of the Bolt.hevik Fint Anny to Petlun'a ltal )', on the ground that it helongt, by et*olop: ror OL:ial Locbmith.
Lhainian troops.
and economic r ight, to the new Yugo-Siaj Stale,
The only miliLary re,·enes auffered by the Soviet and mutt tcrve u commercial outlet to H nsary,
• We undenLiod thot eharp IU'C beias p~er...d
armiea in the lut three weeks which appear to ~hernia and Rumania-which are, u
aay1, a~aint Aldenn•n C.lmao for u.lna aon-uoiOQ ..,.,
have any foundation in fact are a withdrawal of :·among the 1maller State& who~ intereitl ere ing V&nl in ..reor~&nir:ios" Puty' Brmcbea.
1 of the
t\1\elve mile!~ on the Munnanik front. and the eucu- henceforth to be ufeguarded u the in
atio:1 of the village of Stcrlitmak. near Ufa.
mott powerful States."
Ad.:.,rtu'""'"':-Tbe Lert Wilts i1 ia the .....n.t
Fortunately we have the 11tory of an Arilerican
In the meanwhile the SerbiAn• are forcibl ·~!for .«ond·hand Braneb fumiture-prefertDCe will
reporter, published in the Globe of April 23d. of ithing the independence of Monteoqro, ith the
be givea to SocioHot Otlicialo who b..e 1 iarpl•
the Sterlitm:tk affair. It aheds light upon the help of Italian and C\'en American tzoo ' • and
on hand, or pawn ·Lif~ for the N.ZDe.
methods of wMfare employed by oUr ..allie~'l in adding it to the Yuso-51..- territory u.n
the
Siberia.
hegemony of Serbia.
Ji it rumored in Paria that the Peace Coo!e:rt~D~:.
"We covered twenty kilometen a day,.. he "'Y'·
On April 26th the preu reporu that Pr'ide:ot
..ah...av• pushing the Heda back on Sterlit.rna.k, and,• Wi1110n delivered hiBaelf of a t tatcmentl. aboUt hu mnoved the lumitUre from OrJ.a.ndo'• bo.dquar1en,
a:iJd hu put a~ frank lock oo the door.
• ·hen Communist& fell into our hands, trealin& 'hem . Egypt, wh~re the people, riling asainlt Bri · rule,
r l cr.
£hfhc.et,
.,
.
wsve,
I
\
..,a
.
.
j;,. '*-'
lf
liM o.uCUJi11J."
After the solemn promiJ.es of the Britiab and
American Government& to \1\-ithdraw thelr troopa
fr om Ruuia, it is interesting to read about the new
Allied "offensive" in tile North, and the openly.
es.preased hopes of the AJlied commandeu to. be
able to effect a juncture with the Siberian forcee
of Admiral J\olchak u eoon u tummer comce.
Thi1 ia a continuation of the well-known Allied
'll:taleM of tl1e "crab-retreat," illwtzated by the
Tchekho·Siovak "withdrawal" of lut yeu, ' When
the noble BohC'tJtian troops, bound for Vl1d..ivostok;
•uddenly found t.henuelvea going Wcst.'toWud Mo.cow.
Crawliaa Oat of a HoW
The capitalitt preu, with ita unioterrup~ publication of filtJ..v fal.dlood about SoYiet Ru..aia,
6.nds itaelf in d."n~er of complete reversal 'tbrous.h
the large vf lume of coucct informati_on which it
beginnins te leak into thia country, even throush
o&ieial IOUf'Ce&. It mwt ther-efore set iUelf into
• poo;JM>n to be able to the racu.
A recent Ateoc:iated p,_ ditpatcb from Copen;
b'!""· tho Fothu or Ueo, rcporu thot "on account
or the attitude or the poopl•. the Decroo on No·
tio..liution or Women bu t-t ouopoodccl by ilie
s~viet Gonrameot in ccrt.ain pro.incea...
Now come. the Globt, with an editorial oD the
Le..ia iat.erricw recently publiobod.
"Lcia oayo de6u;tely GAd for U.. for-' tim. ia
today'• iatuY;ow that 'the, majority or the Rwoiaa
workmeo anti peua.nta today coDIICiowl y adhere to
'a.re bfo:.Og mauacrecl in the Jtreeb or' C.lro.
in a note comn:iunic.ated to Gcner'al llen.by,
Brii.i1h Special lligb CommiNioner for
pt and
the Sudan, tl1e Pretident recogni.z.es the Brit h pro·
t«torate over Egypt. • ·hich was proclaimed during
the war on Dcicemher 18, 1914. Tbe note pr
..The President and the American peop have
every tympathy with the legitimate upirat oo. of
tlu; Egyptian people. for a further meuure f .elf·
@OVernment, b&JI lhq ti~W u•iJh regrd an t6ort.
1.0 o61Gin a r,.o/i:GJitm of tluJie GJpircuioru
art·
wrt
tD
vi.Dknce."
I
·
Apparently it Clependt upon the aiu o amall
nations whether tl1ey thall get Mr. Wilton •rmpathy- and alao, who'• the opprtiMOr.
The hypoc:rlty of "deplorins violence" in the
.arus.-,:lee of people aodc.ins political freedoPt, jua
alter a colOMa! war "to free the world,"
tl"fident to need empbuia.
Iii ...,
L e ft w·mgers.
.' I
•
·
Come and be o...,...u.d I
at th• REORGANIZATION Ell~·
- 1 -d Da.... to be held by t~e .~7tio
A. D, at ;11 H•~ 1538 Mad~a
Avenur., ncar 104th S treet, 00
......-., Ma1 Jrd..
PURPOSE :
TO CELEBRATE THE
AdmiaoioeREORGANIZATION zs CA.t.o
s.T,
...
UoHk, the Peace Co~r..._, the Rand Scltool
hu ded d•d to recogniu the Boldt..
N..
York Commun~l is asain for We at U.. Boolulor&.
ar:d Rip;lu Wingen con aow have their daily bote
without leaving the prem.Ua
no-:.rt..
. .
We an pleated to an.nou.ooe a rictory for ti.e
Left Wins piinCiple of Party oWDCnbip and coo- •
trol of the pre.-we learn that • woakly, hu.moroea
poper. iron;c.lly eaiiOd Tt.. SocW;.,, il oltortly to
be wued. It il rumurccl that it will be ooatrollod
by Lbe E1ecutive Commlttoe of I...oc.a.l ew York,
who in order to abow their impartiality will tinUIOO
it out of Party f unda accruina from the ..;UJ( 0..
Stampo to Right and Left Wia,... alike:
.. .
Ilea Gltlow hu been iadietod by a prom.i.,.mber a{ Local BroiiJI aad will obortly be dragod
. •. .
before the pi..once oomnoillee.
lt · il
te'ioood
that the c:Aarp io BoloDntiao.
.
Enslaad bu ju borro-.1 f7S.OOO.OOO r.Spaln. Spoia hao cloeidOd tblot iD lature olto wUI
....
opend her _ , ""'""' ... IL E-y -
The . ... oibaatloa . . . . . . l&ory:
or . . qld
_,
lri.l.
,
ras
A1...,,
pbts to noioo r- ...-. IIIIIIJ*y.
IIOT,My: Tbat'o be. I wao i • ...,....,.
bow the cloril I wao soiat oo raioo k ..,...u. •
•
I
�The New York Commm>iat
8
..fhe Pink Terror
II. The Pillage of the IS-20th A. D.
H
AVII'iG uppod the policeman wbo ufefU&'cled
the looting or the 17th A. D.'o budquall<n,
and du11ed off the mo,-ing·van with which llle crirae
wu accompli.hed, the Right Wingert met once more
i.n the crypt of the Rand School. No loopr were
they obtLructed by Democracy--the Cc:ntnl Com·
mittee had been indefinitely adjourned. Nothins
remained which could hamper Ute free we of braa.
lc.nucklee upon the penon• of the rank and file.
A Com.."Uittee wU 1ppointed to tuggest wayt and
meana for Prescrying the Unity of Local New York.
lt wu finally decided that the only way to preter"Ye
the PaMy intact wu to expel molt of the mcmbcn.
The Cor:J.ade chairman of the Committee on
Porth-Ciimbing repoMed that he c:on~iderecl it no
longer neccuary for hia Committee to operate,
since the Minute• of the Left Wing meetings wae
now openly puhlithed in the Neu.t l'ork Comnwrli.u.
Commiuee on ruding TM Communill wu then
appointed.
Casting about for the nes:t Bra.neb to dettroy,
the 18th·2'0th J•. D. wa1 .elected. This Branch lies
nm to the 17th A.. D. wbote demi.Je we recorded
Jut week.. It haa afwaya been a particularly humonious Branch. all mectintt• being conducted in
the best of ~~~:ood feeling . . Howevrr, the bacillus
of the Left W1:1g h.:1d hom infecting more and more
of the Comrades, until there wu a clearly a Left
'\'ring majority in the Branch.
At t.he re~lar busineu meeting of the Branch
on April lith it was dflCided to hold new elec:tiona
for delegates to the Central Committee, to 'ta.k.e
place at the next busineu meeting, on friday,
A)>ril 25th.
The nnl meeting wu perfectly ordrrly. Both
aides had mobili.ud all their aupporten, and the
hall wu cro•·ded. The Ri~t \\'ingen, beaded by
Jacob Hillquit- who, although he livee in the
Bron:1, is Lteasurer of the Branch, •hicb ia in
HariC'Dl-ileclined nom.inationt for the Central
Committee.
•
The Branch ia entitl~ tc ti.J: dt iCf!;ata. tight
c~didates were nominatrd; a.nd the tiJ: Ldt Wing·
en were elected. Dr. Aronson, the hi(l:hest.. polled
68 ,·otes, and the two lowe~~t, 47 ,·ota apiece. Com·
rade Ma.rkel, a Centrist, • ·ho .aid in Lhe debate that
the Left Win[t "should be 'iven a r.hance to ahow
what it can do," •·as ne·verthtless defeated.
]'he ummimoua action of the Right.. '\1i' inp:en
.bowed that there • ·as PoOme sort of IC'heme on foot,
1o0 lftrr the meetin~ t.he Propa@anda Committee pro.
ceed;u to ~opy the reeor cb of lhe Dranch, for rear'
that Alderman Cnlman and his movin8·Y&n might
swoop down and carry them off.
Ala~!
Their (orcbodinp wt'Tr only too well
founded. The nm morning aomebody broke open
lhe door. jimmied tht Financial S«re~ny'a deK.,
, and took away the record.\, which were afterwart\
ftturned to the Branch by .a unall boy. That
nenins when lht: Yips.el5 came to headquanen for
their regular meetmg. Lh~y d itoCovercd lhe door
fute.n.:d with a triple-bar Sie@:el lock eostlo& nine
dollano--the nin~ dollan evidently ' being receipt~.
thr aale or du~«ampe: and window fasten·
en on e''ery window. Theee bad been pllleed theft
by the Uec:utive Committee.
from
The Yiptels broke into the hall .ant\ be"an .thetr
meeting. Immediately a delesat:io-D of RiP.,t Win!·
en appeared. heoded by Es-A...u.l,......, Karlin,
for padlock. mu.t now be fairly Jup on the booU
Loeal l'iew York. )
On Sunday, April 27th, the Left Wins memben
o(
of the Br~ held a J:¥1eCiiog in headquart.e:n, and
One Reaoon for an Oreanization
Within an Orea.nization
The loUpina Jeuu wu leAl by Ju.liu• Gerber,
£ucuairr Secrct&r)' of Local Nn, Y•k. 10 a ftw
urduJJ,.pickrd ruab1 Wiaaera. ' The halica an
Some ol the raulu of lhe Confere:oee an
DOW nidtoL
Dear Comrade,_!"" Yf rk, April 19, 1919.
be~s ': :~~ina~ ,hec~~;;e~£~aF~: Yo~k
:C~~nga~. ~~n~:~~~~;r~I0!~L7 r!~ 1~~
Str..._
The aituati.Jn in the party is rather critical
at Lhia lime, an.d &l i.J nlmoJl Wo lok now lo
sum thr ·id~.
We ought to be clear among ouraelves what
we will, or can do. The ao-called Left Wing
if determined to either capture or aplit !he
party. What the capture of the party by the
Leh Wing mc.an!o t~ught t6 be :evident to any
one " ·ho ha! watched Lheir ~rformance.
On the other hand, is it worth while for the
aincere Sociali5t to keep the 6gilt up ? While
we are fi~hting among ounel\let Lhere is no
work for the party. Our ener ~::..e, our time,
and the mof'e)' is wasted ·in the fight among
ounelves.
A split in the party will ai this time do
irreparable injury to our party and lo the
Causc, while t~ conuol of t~ Party bl' theJe
irrnporu ibl~ p~opk u.'ill tn4k~ the P~rty on
oullau.1 or&an~Dlion , and brealt up I~ or&an·
iuuion.
'
Tuesday evening, the Central Committee
mceta. At thi11 meeting the tiU u.·ill be ctut
GJ Jar GJ Lo<-..G/ Jlew York i.J concerMd. We
ought to drcide before Mn.J. We • ght to
know what "'e are to do.
The reuon Lhe Left U'intt has pown and
is ma.J.:in~ot converu is because they hll\'e an
o.r~aniution tlutt does nothing el-e.
They
ha\·e their orE'ans that give their side. They
act as a groUp • ·hile ""·e ha,·e neither organi·
uti on, nor press t The Ca ll shou ld not be
used for factional purpo~n) and our com·
rad~ act u indh·iduals. Re1ult U cho.oJ on
Ol.!.f • itle, or&anUGiion, di.Jcipli.M aM succeu
on their Jide.
.Aa the official of Local f'ew York, I have
tried · to do the part-y'• work re~ardleas 1of
facti on, hne tried u mufh u poasible to
keep faction alism out of dle party. But the
time hu come when I ha,·e a duty to the
part~·. and my duty compels me to eaJI thi.a
oonference to lay the situation before tM
party memlnn.
I hne for myself decide4 as to my coune
and my ftcti'on, but I feel I have no right to do
&n)thing without the kno•·ledge and Cllnaent
of m )· comradn. My cou:~radn, who with me
have helped to build, maintain and hold to·
1dher our part)·. and for thi• reuoa I am
to heu that the 18th-20th A. D. h"' been thoroughly
..reorganiud,.. and that the great majority of. lhe
ronl: and file bu joined the Party Bread-Line.
What further atrocitiea bave the Sem.i-Cornraclt:.
in atore for us? By what machinationa do they
intend further to lacerate the poor, bleediq Left
Wing ? Time. aDd the next iMue o£ TJ.e Com"""'"'· alooe will toll
Socialiot Politician•
~lean
Anower
THE coluiiUU of thia paper are open to R.i&ht
Winge-• to reply to thia editorial io the New
York Time1-which ia, .10 far u our know lec:i«e
goes, the ooly iotelli.geot editorial which eYer ap·
peared in the New York Times :
'Tbe SociW.C Conar- at Pari& OD Tu.Uy ftlt.Od. by
a majority o( 89ol. lha1 II tru williq to jo.I..D t.M Socood
IDternatkJD&le pt'O't'ided thai tbo.e wbo were Soc:Wista oDl,
La uame were escludc.d. Bu1 the Conar- drew a liDo
apia .t the Third ln!S"Datioaale, !.hat ill LD01'1. ud a
motion lo adhere 10 b ~ed only 110 W'Ola 1De
denuDci•tt<m of the BoUh...~W it aood · rudi:ac. a.ad far be
II from ~ to .., an~1 iD their dcfeo.c. The dict.aJor·
abip of tbe proleuriu ;. hateful 8 \11 wiry sboald lM
Soda.lia• cknouo« il wbaa praeticed by the Third lllter·
u.aif.twe. loran&ia& tha1 it wu 1M tu.Mamental ad ~
Dal proDO~I ef LIM: Fin:t ID!en.&tiou.le!
Ia tlw
word• of tbe CommllaMit MalliJMto, aen:r repud.i.at.. lr!
uy Sociali.l authority :
The 6rst •ep m lhe ~lutioo by the work:fq cl-
~ ~ .•bc,::'data~·:h~e l:!ti~ort!':;:t:
• • • by - - of dapotie iJirMda
propen:y.
OD
th~
rithta
of
Tbe 6.nt tnt of Lbe onbodory ol Soc.la.U...U b, the Fint
ud Seuod ltl!enu.tioul• aHkt wu adbeaioa to the pmCfs.!D of "'coa.queac of Lbe public: pawen by the proleuriat
:~~g to~;o.'l!o~~P.-~t ~b.J!:l0~u~~!
Commincre roeds that evening and we will
mett .oon thereafter.
orpniJ.ocl u a da.ie p&rty.'" Admittecll,, then u t . , . .
pecc.adiU- da.u(Ubk 10 the Boi.Mteriki, but wbo C&D . .,
that tht7 ha•e DOt CMJoni:IOd to lbe tint requ.ie.ite of
orthodea eoc:La.H-!
'!rho are tbt- T'!nl • Second ltltenu.liooili.. tha.t tliC'J
a.hould poiat the 6nca- ol eeona at their brttJuoeD pilrr
of ese- of . .J? Ea- pro61a, w dacrimi.o.aa~ ~
the t oo rich. rMlrictioo of ra.ilwafl uul, ~ liN
Dot Ute toochltoa. of IIOC.i.aliaa, wbet.ber !.be, be aood w
... .4. l o Wn , 10ei.alilm ia Dot toci.aJ rd01m, ud there •
~ Deed of diMnnr.:J of all tbe lat~ticn~alee.. M wtD
u the Third.. b, U.C. wta.o ue ..ockJen for ~· '0.
dntODM:en flf Ole 'Third laterutioa.&le .. a c:an...tan ol
eoc:i.,;ilal en ~.... plhy of the- eame &alt.
they d.iwrow l.be d.icu!onhip of lbe prulet&riat, the '"coD·
~ or the Su.te... ud tJte C01161catloe of c:apltal. n-.
tawb are a«1 ...oi6od b.c:a..r theM wbo prKtiot ~ an
pi]ry of •Hr ..~.. m lhiWdr'ds ef l..alnJI. m u..
Mttemetr c:ahled to tiM T"'-, D . wb,idl M ............ ad...._to l.be plat{- .f tlM ~ • .......
abc.ft. ~-~-..c...rn.c
.w-
1 know thi1 may inconvmtence you. I
know you are out ni,hb and perbaP' will
hne to be out a,ain Tuesday at the Central
Commiuee but belirn me thi• m.ttrr is
importance moupa 10 that you can m.i:lt e
hoar'• tleep and put up with a little iDeon·
of
<fmieDce.
SiDoorely,
mel compoaed of Shilb, E:atact. Sbpn.... mel a
]t1UUS c......
fria>d who w.. not a Party membe-. Shilb of· .
r.....t to fight one of the Yipaela. while KariU. l!:::==============~
U.,....,rted 10 t..wiM Yipu!. orru<od Jo' b'...U.. decided to allow the EsecutiTe Commiu.oa to r.x~"
.,.J ~n.uriA&. Altu the' Yi~' merJtln« wu ow:r, the f UJlliture or t.ake ey ot1tc iiJ..al
they
the Right wu.p. as.U. looked the hall, thio ~ plea.t.d, but oot to ..ubmit lo the ntOI'p.Diutioo
IOOiD& an ordu.ary loek. (Tbe n- of upeo>dihu-a di.olutioo of the Br....b wilboot a •o&a of the
actioo
1n11jority of the memben.. Tbc na~ and addral.
of those &.«•irut the actioo of the Eucutift'committee wt:rc t.a.hn down.
'
In the middle of thu, Ennc:t, Sbilb mel Sbprncntered. Shpr1tzcr uid, "'fake my name. I ...m
to join the Left Win&." He wu referred to 43 W•
29th Street, where we eap)y await him.
Sbilb tJ..., remarked that at Mond>y ....,inc'•
meeting. of the Eucutift Committee, the bu.si..rx.
of ..reorga.n..Uing" the l&h·20th A. D. would be
taken up; and tA.o.t on Tausdoy evef'Wt.«, April Z9U.,
a mutin& kJ ..,~or,ani.:t'" 1M Bronch would~ MlJ
Gl Harlem Terro.u Jloll, Oft HUlh Str~et. bdtoUrt
2nd ond 3nl Aw,..;.,.
Aherward, however, Sbilb den~ that he had
aaid thia, but announced that he J u going to prefer chargea againll the Propaganda Committee for
breaking open the Finaoc!ll Secretary't deaJL
By the time this paper is off the preu, we aped
or
..... ,.---..
Either • Sociolior bel;..... iD the cl-
otnta!..
"'J>ropriatior~ of the a:p.,.prialora, "ODd !iDeo
ap with the Boloborik mel c-.m..;., _of EoMpe; « be joa tbe Saooecl lahmatio-Aal
(DOW cieltmd) mel defi.oiteJy alfioo himooi: wilh
Jolooo Spat"p. Scheicioaazm. William ~lola. Wallizll. J. P. w.._ me~ s--1 Gooopon.
the
J
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
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New York Communist, 1919-05-01
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
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1919-05-01
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
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New York Communist
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https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/79afda074b518ce2ff0bb07d2ac82674.pdf
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Text
7She
New York
C -O MMUNIST
Vol I, No.2
New York, Saturday, April 26, 1919
Price 5 cents
'
The Left Wing and the Revolution
By Louis C. Frain~
T
HE distinguiShing fenturc of the contro\'crsy
in the Socialist Party betl\'eell the Right Wing
nml the Le ft Wing, between the moderates nnd. the
re \·olutionists, is that the Hight Wing rduses to
develop a nd defend ita reol prOgrurn. This is
partly fear, partly cnmouflnge, nnd p nrtly sheer
stupidity.
The moderates hn\·c n pr ogram, nnd n consistent
progrnm It consists of parliumentnrisrn, of re·
forming Cap italism out ~f existe nce, of munic ipnl·
izntion nnd nntionnlizntion of industry o n the bnsis
of the bourgeois p nrl!nmentnry state, _of the theory
thllt the comi ng of Socialism is ~he concern of nil
the classes,- in sl;ort, the pol icy of the moderates
(which is in itself consistent, while inconsistent
"'·ith fun damental Socialism ) ia a policy of petit
bourgum. "li~ral" State Capitali.Am. But Lhia
policy broke d~wn mi.erably under the LNt of the
grut cri!-iA of lmperialifit'l ; it broke down under
the te,._ t of the proletarian rt"Volution , and revuled
itM:If 8 ,. fuodamenlAII)· counlrr·rn·olutionu-y.
B ... t the moderat~. ea.~tioll~·. tti ll cling to thiA
reactionat")' policy. althnu@:h ll1ey ue compelled
bv circum~t.anca to di!lguite it, l .l ca.mouRage it
._:ith cheap talk about ''being left wing" and "•
ahift t9 tl~e left" in the international movement,
compelled to wait until 11normnl" times in order
openly to defend their reactionary policy. So the
moderates refuse to discuss the fund amentals of
the Left Wing Manifest~ and Program; they refuse
to oppose their real· policy to ours; they dare
not.. ..
Accord ingly, the Right Wing indulges either in
vituperation of our revolutionnr)' comrades, in
thr~Ats of expulsion (guarditms of the unity of
tl1e Party!), or in sopl1istry.
Characteristic of this sophistry was Algernon
Lee's letter in the Call of April 2nd. Lee implies
that the acceptance of the Left Wing policy depends upon an actual. revolutionary crisis, and anya:
Jlave we reuwn tu expect a revolutionary Critlt
in thi~ country in the proximate future, uldc from
the pouibility of tuch a cri1i1 ~eing voluntarily
precipitated by one e.lemern or another? In tuch
11 cri1i1, i{ it 1 hould be precipitated (no matter by
whom) would the mmruity of the peop:e prot•ably
be actively witn us or against ut? Or would the
majority remain neutrsl and inen, ready to accept
the outCome of the com!Jat be1ween a revolutionary
rr.inority or\d a reactionary mi'nority? In this
!suer ca~. taking into sc:count onl)' the euppoKd
active minflritieA, which of them would probably
win in • decitive 11ruggle at thi• time? On the
baeit of our anewen to thr~e qucttiont, have we
res~t~n to tee~ or welcome· a ha11ening ·~;~f the
crisis?
Thtte arc fundn.mental quettiont. Upon the
answert we give to them must rest ~ur. decition
on det•iled problt:mt of method• • nd llcllcs.• They
• re un~apsbl e question._
)t is important to undrrstnnd the imnrediate
"moment" in the great social struggle as a basi.J f o r
action; but Lee uses it lo make arguments against
action.
'The policy of the Left Wing, in general, which
ia the policy of re..·olutionary Socialism, ia not a
policy only for an actual r.evolutionary crilis. The
unr~lenting
tactics of the clns.s struggle, of tho
an· 10 bring prolctnrinn pressure upon the Ctwe.rnment:
togonism on all isJIItJ between the pro'lctarint 11.nd Get the workers to tl?wn toola in. the ahopa1 m1uch
the bourgeoisie, function .in " normal'; I ns well as to other ~hops to pull out the workers there, get
in ..reyolutionnt)'" t ime!~.
1
out in the street& in mast demonstrntion!,- thnt is
It didn't require nn nctuul revolutiOnary crisis MMa nction we cnn u~ now. wl lhcr or not we t~.re
to oppose the imperialistic wnr.
!
' in an nctunl rc,•olutionnry cri~S.
'
1 's to make
It didn't require n revo lutionary e~i
In proletnrinn dictator hip 1 implied the nt~el!!§•
Lee's acceptarlce of the war "in order t~ save the aity of overthrowing tha · political parliamentary [,
Rm~s i nn Re,•olulion" a betrnynl of S ialism.
alate, ""d tther the conquest of power organiling
H didn't re<1uire n re\·olutionnry cr~·is to make " new proletnrian stntc of t!1e organized produt~cra,
Lee's voting for Liberty Bonds,' n betr ynl of So· of the federated . ovicl3. The:ac concePta were inl·
cinfist practice.
·
plied (if not fu lly cxprcue<l) in revolutionary
h didn't require n re,•olutionnrr cri is to rnnkc· industria l imionisru., which cqun ll y cqntnlncd in
which is itMif the iniplication of mnn nction. It volution·
Lee's voting for n "Liberty Arch,"
inscribed "'1\turmonsk" '11 n glory or tl American nry industrinl unioni m placed parlinmentnrlsm in
troops, n betrn)'"l of the intcrnntionnl proletariRn its proper pcrepcctive. The 'ncceptanca of ·and tho
revolution in general, nnd the O\'iet epublie in propOgandn for rcvOluiMmary industrial unionl~m
particular.
•
did not require nn ttctutl l ravolutionnry crisla: y~t
It doesn't rcquirt> a revolutionary
to con·
modentc. rdw.cd to ~Ceept thiJ Yital ~....
dcm.n the. poJiC)' of pctl)'•bourgoois re rmiAm an.d c0ntributi9n to. re-tolutiODII')' lh0ory and ~
compromue purturd b" Algernon
and hta (e\·en rd'uwd to acocipt iad~l unitbl.piAM
confre:re1- in the Boa.rd of Aldermen.
·
oecctU.1)' ia the i.m.mcdlate eeoaomk lb'u~ow3
And h d~'t require an ·aelual ar immediate
~ol 1t is miw:rable tophllllry t o . ai5.Qai~~
~olutionary cri~iA to accept the M~ifc&to and Left Wia~ policy acc.ords only with
Propam of the Left Wing: bur thi.J oktpU~riu U ~uti?n. Th.At- i~ prcci.ael r wh.t the-.-~
TICCeJsary for the immediate struggh: of t~e mom ent,
Europe snid. When t11c wnr broke; the modo.rnt01
and a.s a preparation of our forceJ for !he reuolu· (led by Schcidemnnn , Cunow, Plckhnnov nnd Knut·
tionary Jtmgg/e that is coming. . . .
11ky). declared thnt tl1c Dnacl MnnifeJtO hnd proven
Let us discuss this problem more 1 11y. lt, is wrong in C:()JCCting: nr,t irilmcdintc revolution, Lltnt
necessary to completely expose tho mi able argu· the mn.ssea hnd nbandoned Socinlism, tharofor
· they hnd to 1mpport nn irilperinlistic wnr ! Dut tho
mcnl! of the Hight.
111e central concepts of Left Wing heorr nnd Ooscl Manifesto did not nu umo nn immedlnt~ r«WO•
practice nrc mnss action nnd · prolet.ari~n dictator· Jut ion: it uu erted that war I()Oulcl bring an eco·
ahip. From tiH~se concepts flow three ,rete of toe· nnmic and 3oci11l c~i'Ji3, am/ that ! ocialiJm .should •
tie5: before, (lur:i ng nnd after the Rcvol~tion, The t:c. tlu'.i cn'JiJ to luwcu the comins of re11olutionary
immediate umoment" in the social fit gglc may
ctron.
.
compel a different cmphnsis; but the I ctics ore o
The moderates in Germany said it waJ absurd to
unity, odaptoblo to tl1c purticular requ1rcmcn~JJ of expect n revolution; ond then~thcy used oil their
·
power to prt:IJct/1 ll re\'olut i,on, And when tho pro·
the social struggle.
Mns!t nction implies tho end of the exclusive lctnrinu revolution loosed it!!Cif in net ion, ~he mod.
conc~tfation o·n parliomentat)' tactics. 11 It.i mJllies erotes nctcd consist ntly nnd fcrocioualy '11gninat
nwak'clring the industrial proletariat to net ion, the tho revolutionary proleta riot.
bringing of mnss proletnrian pressur1 upon the
In Ituu io, the moderntcs enid n J)roletorlnn rflVO•
capitalist. 11tate to accomplish our puq)otca. It Jut ion was impoJ.•dhle; hut when it cnmc, they acted
·
means shifting the centre or our octivitr from ~he against (I,Q revolut ion.
That it1 the nttitude of !he modernte Soclnii11U
parliaments to rhe !ihops and the s\reeb, making .
our parliamentary activity !limpl y n ,ph+.e of ,mass everywhere, who arc rh·ctcd with c.i hnln.s Qf iron
action, unt il the nctunl re\·olution compels us com· to the bourgeois parlinmenti.ry stnte, who nrc nb·
pletcly to abandon Jlnrlinmentnrism. l\fnss action sorbed in futile pett y IJours.eols reformi1111 ond
has its phases. It isn't necessary to hnvf an actual the "grndunl penctrntion of ocinliun ,into apl·
revolution in order to use mtus nction,- hefore the tali11m." ·nu:lr nrguments rnny nppenr p lttuiiiiJie~
final form of mRS! action we may usc i ! prelimi· until the test of the proletorlnn revolution rcwea lt
nary forms, in which, howevCr. the ftnr l form .is them ns sophistry. Lee'•. a'rgu1~cnt• and policy
potential. Toke, for example, our clos, War pns· nre charneteri•tic of the Schcidcmnnru, t!u' Hen·
oneu. Jt is necessary to compel th6ir llihc,r111ion. denons nnd the Vandervelde.. ·. • • •
The Right Wing depends upon appeals lf> the Gov·
frnpcrioliam, ' roughl y, nppenred fn l900i and
ernment which ha.s impri.soned our comrpdes, upon with ill appenrnnce developed tJu, revolt Dgt~inlt
liberal public opinion, upon CO·oper8tion with pnrliomentnry Socinlism,-Syndicollt m, lnduatrlnl
bourgeois and cssentiolly reactiontary or, 811 izations Unioniam, Mns• A<:tlon, Dollhevl•m, tl1e Lcfl Win~
in 11Amncsty" conventions,- upon ever~ thing ex· Imperialism, 81 the· fi nal t togc o( CnJJiUIIIJm, ob·
eept the nggresaivc mass effort of the proletariat. jectively introduced the Social·Rev~!utioitaty epoch.
The Left Wing proposes a mo.u P.Olilictal llrike lp But the dominant moderate Socinll•m dJd ~ot adApt
compel the liberation of our impri.Jonedfcoinradca,
(Corulruwl on Pill• I) 1
ct'•iA
the
azi......., ..-..,
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I
�The New York c..........m.t
6IH- New York
COMMUNIST
s.m..,
OILcioJ Or...,. al U.. Loit Wiq
Socialiat Party
Ow.....t and Conb'<>Uecl h1 Loc:.l
Gr-ter New Y ori<
JonN~ . ·
EA.DwoNM M.u :A.utNE •
A.uoci.au Edilor
M.u..l~ Con~
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Btuinu• MG1J41er
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EJisc,WJ BOON!
N. 1. HoUR..,cu
B. D. WoLf<
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Pabliabecl E....-y Week.
. SUBSCRIPTION RATES
thow.and worb:n out.. thm it would be better• coai·..W.ea will pacify tho fra.c.h coai...U...I &.1
under praent eonditiooa, not to aucmpt what Wilaon - . . . to be .bo~ apioat tloo cW..
would only rauh in pro•ocation and YioleDOe oo.. of Italy ODd Jape.
the pArt of tho aoldion ODd tho police.
If anythins ,...., ~ "'..,• ....,the ....._.
of Europ&-a.nd of Amoric.--of the camp.... ODd
cynical betrayal of all tho ' iclala' far w!.ich they
were penuadt:"'i to aupport the war. tbe liil:aatioD el
tho peacolou Peace Conf.....,. in Poria 0C0j1b1 ,.
6niab the job.
The Peace Conference
'
Breakinr Up
THE world
nowccb~ a. -=tins Yf!IJ much .. the
CommuolAI Maoifato aay. it ousht to .ct.
Nation by nation, the workcn bccoce aware of
their claM inten:at.a, rUe. onrthrow their rulen.,
and talr.t into their own bandt the rein• or power.
Abtolutely r.ccordins lo Marxian theory do the
variow clu!'el peTform their put ~ the d.ranu. of
Social RCYolution, u il the band of Man: were
manipulating~e atrinp, that contr? l them.'
Capitali3m ia topplins on:r of i~ own ahecr
•~i81•t.. •pre.dins blood and death u it falls. At
the ~roaU of all the European Go~ts ia the
hand of their d i.tillwiooed worken. 1 The imperial·
iru do not dare openly to .pppo.e _the armed mu..es
Sinfk Copies, 5 c~""
they hue cre.ted u cann'crn,fodder, they do tlOt
BUDdie Orden. of 10 or over, 3~ Cenu a Copy.
43 w ...t Z9tb Str.t - - - Now York City dare, for eumple, to burl gr~ um.ie. upon the
Rul6ian and the Hungarian Revolution•. And yd
. they cannot move witho'dl bringing the Re"Yolution
May Day
e¥eT oeuer to their people.
DAY is the revolutionary holiday-the
Tbe. Pea<'e
niermce at Paris il breaking ·up.
day or the clu.a coru.ciow P!Olet.ariaL
The imperiali..t.u cannot agree oYer the 1poil1 of
Thi1 year it will dawn upon at leut two Soviet war. The w.a r was begun by two gre.at groups of
RepULlie&-- R.us.sia and ' Hungary- and perhep1 capita list• n atillru competing for control of wotld
more ; for i..D theee day~ a loo'oek ia a long t imt iD markets. And now the victorioua Powcn are
wl1ich to overturn a "·orld. Bavaria ap~• to be gnhbinst And the irony of it is,lM71:lo not We
conaolidati.ng her proletarian go\'ernmmL AJ we not to pa.b!
·
so lo press, the ~a liail frontier ia doted on ac·
The worlr:en of aiJ European ·countriee &re C1·
couni of " revolutionarY ev~nt5." Everywhere in
hau.sted and h iuer. They say, "You hurled w
Europe the prolet.ariat is 1tirring or ri•iQg to take
into war. You made fine promi~e~ to u.& if we
the power.
fought and won for you. Now what do we get?"
May Day of thi ~ year will be greeted by the
The Gonnun~nla und.e:nltAnd perfectly well :"·hat
European workers with many demooatratioru of
joy and hope. In many cities of this country, too, the worken mean. They - ·ant power to ' COD•
there are el aborate plan. for uniting the working trot their own Jives, more leUure, more freedom.
cJu.s i.e one demoMtration for many working clue a greater .bare in 1M producu of their toil. But
eau.es. F01 inatance. one group "·ill hail the pro· of coune the ruling-clue cannot give the workers
letarian rt:\'olutions of Europe; another; prou.t the.e thin~t would cut down profita. So they
the impri10nment of Moo.iey : another, unemploy· Illy to thett'bM:Ivc., the diplomatP. in M:Cret cou!Kiiment; another will demand the • •ithdrawal of ...We've got to .how .o~mcthing for this. We've got
to tum to the wor\.era and .ay, 'Look at what we
American ·troops from Ru~ia ; and ~ on.
Only in r"'ew York we hne made no estt:tuive conquered for our country! ' or coune the workera
prep~ation1 fpr the gredt day. The Sociali.Jt won't get anything out of it, but il will aati.sfy their
Party will hold a &eries of prottst meeting., in dif. patriotism · to know that our ~18 '-'&Vet over alien
fereot part.! of the citv, for Debt ; the MooDey Com· .oil."
For a Party of Action
THE ~olutionary Socialist. of the world
are in~
The America.n Soc:ialial Party el<da
d7legates to the Berne ConJe:reocc, a.od collcct~
money for a new beadqua.rten. Amc:rican Labor ·
il Rinins. awalc:min!; Seaule, Dune. inaugurw
the ~iod of. mu:..uae. wi~ a reYolutiOUif'J'
mcamng. The Ameriu.u Socialiat Party it inter·
ested in a National Amne.ty CoDleren.....; o;-hich will
include bourpoia liberal orsaniutiou..
a<:bon.
I Year ------------------------t3.00
6 Montha ---------------------- 1.50
3 M<lltha -- - ---------- - -- - --- -- .75
The lntern.liooal wod.ing-ci&N i.a oo the march.
The American Socialiat Party D1&J"Q time. It bea.i.
tales whether or not lO appro•e the Boltbevik.i · it
ia undecided ..-he:ther or not to eodone the Sp~
cid_es : it ca.n't make up ill mind about rnolutio~
ary indumial unionism. h doesn't know quite
whether 10eial refonn planh lhould be left out of
Party platforms; it le&n~ loward J...bor Partiea.
1\'on-Pa.rti.t.an Lea~, and .other rdc.rm hodie.·
it ··ita down calmly under Red Fll8 or~
deprivation of halt. to •peak iD.
.MAY
mittee will have a Mooney mus·meeting in Madi·
.on Squue Garden, in full control of the "yellow"
labor leaden-the le&IS on the fl oor cuerull y di..
tributcd among the "sood .. unioru, and the .. rcdJ"
exiled to the g.i.llery ; and .evera I foreign Ian·
'suase· Socialisz Branches will celebrate the TC"t'oJutlon! in Europe.
Thi1 give8 the. affair an a•pect of ~eattered and
half-hearted endeavor, whose effect u a dempnatra·
tion will be e:ntin:ly Jon.
What ,ought to be done i1 to unnge a gigantic
OIICII air dcmonwation, or 1ucc::cuion of demon·
llratil>ns, uniting all proletarian elemcota in a
~ighty proceuion and me."''lins, w!u~ aiu and
apirit would carry the proteab to the ean of tho.e
wbo only Iitten to «"Cat and determined econamic
.,.,.....
The workers lhould throw down Lheir toola and
dec,),.re a nation-wide May Day atri.ke, combining
with thei~ holiday a blow at the foundation~ of
the capit.li•t cl~. 11nd a threat of more to cOme.
It is nide;,t that nothing would be g~infod by a
demoattration on a Mnall a.cale--or by an Ellis
Jonea .. revoluti~n." _Th(· !worker• thould come
0 11 on the lllrcel in vaal ,
~n. paralyzing the
city' , industry, and parade pea fully to some om·
tral •toot.. where tpeec.hea can
made to 6t the
• blmdred
The Risht Wins aaya tho! tho Party ia po,.erl. bccauac the Left Wing ia •plittins it-bccauae. of
U.o internal atrife provoked by tho Left Win3. Tbia
Q untrue
TilL Ufl Win« wcu formed pre-r:Uely IJ.e.
caw,- the SociciU.l Pony U inca?Gbk of revoU..
tionDry oction-beeou.u, in it. prUUil form, iJ ;.,
not a Party of tAt tDOrk""-cl4..,, bUI o Porty of
comprom.Ue, domi.n.tl.ud by prt:ti.l·bour«coU p~
loo. It e&n raiao monoy-but it ca.n.noc call ~~trike..
It e&n defy tho Government ODd !• tD jail- but it
~not hack up iU own apoke.mcn. h un protest
m U.e Board of Aldermen •sainat tho clooin3 of
the hallo-but it cannot bold - . . , . .
We do not wil.h tn break up the Party. We do
not wiah to paralyze the Party's power. We wiab
to m.a..ke it dl'ec:tive. We want to au.ke Sociali.lm
tncQII ~mething in the United St.ata.
We want
the SociaU•t Party to be a work.ios-cl. . Party.
The hostility of the Party o&.ciaiOOm to the Lef1
Wins, and the metbnda they anploy"' comba1 ua,
pron cl~ly that they hne odl the c.u.e of So.
cialiam at bun, bat inRoad. only tho SocWJUI
So "·hen France Mlettl5 to be balked of the Saar
Valley, Cle:meoceau threaten" the Big Four with
·revolution--uole.. th~ Sau Valley ia &llDf!1eCl to . Ptuty.
aatisfy the French workera. And when ltaly MleiDI
Primarily w. are Soeial~....,..ard, Party
about to l01e Fiume, Sonnino aaya that unleu Italian
capitaliats un uploit Fiume, the Italian working· metnbor.. A Soc:i,)iat Party wi!hout Soc:ialiam, or
cla.u will go Bohberik.. And Japan, convinced impregnated with the ~ialiun" o( the 5occmd •
that the Japane:M" workers wil\ revolt unlme China International, t. like an apple fuJI of wof'lr»--it
is handed o~r to Japaneee capitalist.t to devour,
looU &ood OD tble" Outaide, but it won't make aar
also lay• down ~ uh.imatum. ADd the Ge:rman
cidor.
capital~ r~iee the cry of ..Bohberiam" mure ahrilly
u the sisning of the PC!aele T~tr draws nOarer and
r.... c..-...u.:
The French CJliiCIIlion wu toiY!Id-let U. hope '£dhor o1
tbal tho f.. tho! tho tricolor wu,. o..,. Gennan
I ha~ re~~d the 6nc illlllw .t r-ar ,.'" ... - - _,.
Lhal if you ..Leftw"'iqmm• u.e
Ntar lll . . ,
lb&n • prlper of lhl. c:ali.bR, , _ - - . , . , ..oat ..
~· n........
vlba< .a. loodly-...1
wbile relld1q h I ooald Wp f...U.C lib ia tile _ .
-am.:
DON'T GET SORE. BOYS. THEY DID IT
fOR ntE BEST I
.:,r::- hi. .ia:.:- c:!b'-th~e:; .::r"d:a::
tomr dar wr .b&U let nu. lOT aU t.b.ia. But ~
know be would DOt wiah a. 10 be IJII"Y ; .,. bow
br wuu.ld ftOt wW! 10 eberie.b hatred or .U rrmsit::
And. ~ if •r chd DOt kDaw t.bat. oai- lteeru ldl
u1 lhert a. DG~bia& ia ~e or b.tre-d. No l&l.i.
l~eti011, oaly .err llliacry. So all Lbat we ' eaa do
now i- lO boopt tbcor •011'1 be Cl"ftl l o h.i. tbe:re.
Mm ue oftea kiDckr U.... t1teir ~"'-NN
Y«k C.U..
·
~.a·.
oil I<W ...
s.,....,.. COMTI!
.........
,un
~···
•• wtMl)d be a Cod..! tr &he ~alt. .,..._ ....w rid
lbelf of roa c:arwed aa;..,.u..cr..J.• ...... ere ..,.. ...,.
m .. you caa ...u you W'OIIIdcfaJ ·-.u.a.· ... br
lliniac up *'" • .._ aniid&l ~ T• lt.IJ ..tm
-
of JOU -
Doeun,
1'1-"'- "-a. 1-.-,
•~ -.c.. ud lc • · - ..ten'" 4o ._. ... tJdak.
iA& ud ---.ip~.U.C witM.I: . . . ~ fto ..
dOabt •rile T .. f.......:.C. aad wt.1te t!.. ,_. ...W.'
....., a.d -.MtJnto . . . ~ . . . . . . . .
laaciWoo .....
ol---
1UIIN COllAT.
�•
The New Yorlc c - - . . t
Welcome Home!
SOLDIER WORICDlS!
LoOk abroad. to Pull, where our noble Alit.
~uAbble ·over anncu.tiou.a and indemnitlt., ed
for a year and a half )"'U h..,.e been under
&J"'M--Cither oa the hanle.Ji.ne in Fran"; or in
camp O't"fr here.
plot to prevent the worken frotn
tak.in& Oftl'
&h6ir
own CovunJ:DeUta.
or
The capita list pre~t, and the While Curds
the Nationa l Socuril} Leasue, incise roa aiaio.lt the
workcn and thei.r ore~a nlutiuru, They tell you
Lha.1 .. Bo lahevi•m .. is attempl.in.s to dcatloy ow
Some of y~u •oluntctTCd.. The ~eat majority
of you wue 1con«ripted without being uked whrlh ·
er or not you wanted to ~o . But u Cree men and
citiu:na, you .-ould b.ne ref u.ed to AD if you h..d
not beli~ \hat thi. wat a Wu for QemocrKy, a
U"ar •P'a.in."t Tyranny ar.d Oppre.ion, a Wa: to
Make the World a B...a.rer Place to live ln.
The Machiniau on Unemplo,.meot
The War U OftT. You come home 0Wihed with
Yictory, eager for that increued meuure of fr~ ·
dom that wu promi..ed you. M you •ailed up the
harbor, wi ld with tbe joy of bornt'<oming-u you •
paraded the city ett"""· hunA with b~eu and
thunderow ~· ith cherring cro~· d:t--eagerly you
looked aroo.nd to .ee t.he tigru of that new world
"·hich yoa beli~~ you had hammered into &hape
"·ith your Cannon, Uld cemented " 'ith the blood of
your falleu coll1tadca..
\\'e. thr a:uc.biA»la aod IDd.a1 ....un b . . .
mertlnc UN:mbled at L£bot T.apl~. l..U &r. aiMI
2a.d Avmuc., New York CiiJ, n M&rcll L&A. 1919,
do br.t't.l.IJ adop1 1Jie lollowiac:
-
-
I
MANIF£STO!
.
'
Be - . loio baoda wllb tbe worloon of &..
ala, of Hunpry, of Italy, of EnslaDd. Fall lal
The iron batrario .. of the proltwlat"" f _ . .
~
., ""of,..,.,""""'k ;. oot our job to 1 "but«~"
a ......,(..-...,.
criU. Capltaliam itoolf ....,. core of tbrd. 0.
Job ia to pre pore. Our job Ia to oct 011 the" ~
ate pr~ltmt-llDmploymon~ the ooldlon, llribo,
~~..
· prlao,.,.._ir) the opirit oT ,....,ltttloo!or1
S<Eialla io thia way prrporitl{ tho 6.oal o<tlc&
The Left Wios Prosram Ia a prosrom o1 .....,
not a prosram of wllhiD& for tl;o _,._ SopiUotrr •
cm't annl!Uiot.e Jt. U!e b.odii II wilb -. '
The City of New York appropriateo f250,000 !or
'
L£CI\1RE AND CONCERT
Cio<ft t>, 1M .W. A. D. B - -.
AT
Wa--a..oft A JOB!
You mum to fU1d indtllltry closins down. bread·
lines everprbcre. prioel of everythins out of aisht.
and a lot of qew milliouair'lll who sot rich lllanU·
facturin~ war matcria.lt.. You 6Dd no· plan of 1'&conatruction, cilher oa d. P-rt of tM Goftrumeat.
or printc employen.
EftiT~Y ~ you
when you weal away; ..,..,.~.oc~y cbeen yoa com-
caa't lin
...... Yoa llelonsto >he wor~t~ns..J- Yoa ...,,~.., -aot ooldlen. You .,.. c:nakms , _• .
eel ... wbm rou belp to c:nak doe -a.,..-. .
rno1ubCIID.
Tb! final otruulo -<ainot Capitalltaa II • ; II
m.~y luc l!:ontlu, or yean, 0< l.eDI of yoon, l>at
thia io a revolutionary opoc:b lmpoollllf .....01... ary lactica. ADd rtooU..IoMry """"""' lo IW/f
decoration• to welcome 70u home, and the~ are
innumerahle Victory Dinners at tiJ: dollars a plate,
but you can'l «d job1, nol even the jobi you he!J
~fort you ~Penl aKJGy--unlm.a you'll reduce your
former Mlarie&.
JDaD
"".im,,_...,.·
-r;.
The war wu the m:prt~Nion or the eooaomle . . .
tradio:io,.,·cf Capltaliom, of the b>oolub~t bJe.
of lmporilliom. It ia clear that Capital "lo brwkios do,..; 1that tho proletari&D ""olu
11 ,_.
querios. Capitalioo> cannot · adj1111 · llaelf to . 1M
new eoJdiliont, CUDot iolYe itt .Of'IDCtial _..
nomic probleau.. Tho world of Capital'- u ito a
revohrt.lonuy criait,-mono aclllct in Ewopo, .looo
ocut< iD tho Ualt.ed Sta._, but lltill a criala. Tllio
c.riJit 1 wbjC,h iJ a CODMQuenotl or &be .coDOialc ..J.
lapoe of Capitallom, proori~ the opportllllily r..
Soc:r.Hom .to rnaraball tho iroa blwali- of lilo
prolurlat ror .C:.Jon &Dd the OODqlHIIt of ;.. ..
~
bat a
M>Orm•
dilion ..,.. .. •8on for ,_,
'-'-1 of IIW
tDOrUTI /or Ut.dwuU.l dcm.ocroc, U 10W ~
T~ rft.ICI.wi.t,vsry Lobar iftowrMftt U J'Otll "'""" ·
ill pracdce to the Mw requ.ll'el:lleiiD; eod h . . .
down Di;-~ly undor the - of tho war' aad ol
the prolt!~Uito rnolutloa.
is deporuJ w ~houl rriol-if U..,. carl
td away u ith il. Roo!) Lodge and other defend·
en of the t)Tanny of the (great tru.sll att.Kk our Gov.
c:roment -.·ithout .c::ruplc, but 1hcu ore fif run hun·
dred clwlmpioru of lk workU.,-d.o.u in prUon ri&hl
new for daring to thinlt diDtr,.nsly ohow Uw! COtJ·
cr.tmtntlAan 1M ruli.n.« cla.61 pcrmil•.
in« b.ck;
E""'' •8ou ofllw
li""'s - · bef..• .... ·
,,.,.,.,..,. ,,... ,.... JJ
The National Sa:u.rit)' League and other capital·
ist ap)' .ac:ietiea and. White Guard organizations
carry on, DJlder the pretnt of •• fighting Bohhc· '
vism," an almost open 6ght A.EaiMt the working·
clua, but i/ a forcip1 ·born st'CJrku dare• Jo join l~
Wen. •
-·
· - to a poiDt belo.o 1M
1M Laft Wiq ... U..
\\'ell, now that you b8\'e bad time to look around.
ho"· does it ruU..e you ? · Li there more demOC t B;CY
than before you went away ? Alth ough t.he War
it <''·cr, "'· o rkin~en are.. still heing JW:nt to prison
for 11peaking "''hat they believe, while n.ol OM Jin&le
profiuer h4J bun puniJ~d wiJ/, a da y in joil.
'Gene Debs and Kale O'Hare p:o to the penitentiary
for defending the right. o( the '\III' Ori.:~rs, - ·hiJe tiL<
chcrgeJ a1oi.ru1 tk Phd pJ·Doclsc llw&J who dt·
ported u:CJrl:ciJ Jrom Bulxe, ArUon.o, Wo 1M deJ ·
~:rl , hmw h,,.n dr op~ by 1M Cowrnnw:nl, Work·
. ing class R!,9CT• are denied the m:aila, and sup·
' preaeed, "'·bile 1M aJpilolUI papen openly incite
to violence and lynch laW agaiDil working-clau
organiz.atiooa, aDd get off ICot-free.
I. W. W.
en; their eoodition ll woree th.u it WM WoN . .
war ; tl:eir Ulliono .,.. beio& br..U.. up, aad j,o.
d.....,. ia clooins doW1! in order to rod- .._
GD
cbeen.
Your comndoo iD Siberia aod NGrth Raaaia oro
lltill at war, wilbout a doelarorioD of war, asaiDit
tho only WorkiDJibOD'a Co.....- iq tho world.
l.o Norih .R-ia they ano UDder Eatiliab coliUIWld,
""~ io Siberia they ue ~by tho )a.,.._
n.. Co•enuDODl will DO( t.ell lbom )'by they ano
fip~ Co•-=-t d - .oot clan to t.ell
them wby they ano fi~ They ano aiek at boan,
~ ...told bardohipo.
BURLAND CASINO
W_._!. A p._. A TUESDAY., APRlL 79, 1919, at 8 J'. 1111.
TOll Trf!t UNJUTT 01 r7l1l
.. free inltitutiom...
Tber fin.anoe ao1
ier·papcn ·
like Treat 'Em Roush, wblc:.b ia bocUd by J Farrell of the Ollit.ed Sta. Steel Col'pon.ioo ...!
otb ... c:.opitaloo l'bo hale tho worl.ors;
.o attack Soc:ialiat .-lop. They
tbrd
while you Wa"e .u.B'~ns and riakin~ yor li"~ in
~ b"aJebea for tbirr)' dollaro a IDODdo, tho
workcn at home wen oD atrike (or •ormfut •aaa.
Thia ia a lie. 'IDe fabuloua , . _ ~rt.ed iD
tel - ,...
•Jfpor
.....J:JJ{,
the DOwopapen ooly applied to a
actioD oL
the aldllod worbn. Tloo hlp of ri.Da bao
wiped"oat tba! me.- far. tho f"'"'
oi ·~-
I
LAWRENCE STRIKERS
s; •••• ,.1
I
nM LAJUtJN
·
ELIZ. CUII.LET PLYNIC
aENJ. crn.ow
VLADIMIR DuaiNIKT,,....
....... ,,......., OnMoft .
"-l5Ciam
..
�4.
Tbe N ew York Communiat
The Plan that Went
Q N T ue&day, April 22, f..aecutive Seeret..uy Ger-.
her callrd the Central Commiuce of Local
New Ynrk to p rder. about ten minute~ before the
tchedu led time bocau.e it wu ob\ ious tha t a ma·
jority of the early comers wert Right Wine: dele-
S•le..
The teU.ioo wu, oric of the most im~l.rtant held
in recent month•. it beiug under,.tood tJiat the mat·
ler of the ''reorgani:ration" of the 1ith A»embly
District Branch 1 which U dealt with in full on
another p.tge ) would be the p~rt tie reJi.Jtanu. of
the evoing. U. Solomon and Muimilian Cohen
were nominatod for the chair , Solomon obtaining
a majority of the votes. A point of order wu
railed on the h ct that the r ecalled delegatee of the
17th A. D. participated in the votiag. This wu
overruled and an appea l wu t.a.L:.en from the decision Of the chair , in which the cLair WU IW•
t.aiued-the rec'lled delegates voting .olidly
against the appellant
On the r eadi n ~ of the minutes of ile previout
meeting a correction WA6 m.1de to the effect that
Cohen and J oseph Brodsky had re.igned -from the
platform committee. The Eux:ut i,·e SccJCtary proceeded to,read th~ c redential a for the eeat'ng of new
delegateA, an o bjection being recorded _to ee.ating
A!gerutm L«. who wu recently rec:.-11~ u dele·
gate from tl•e 6th A. 0 , and wh.> now appaarcd u
a delesate fr om the 16th A. D., to wh~h ~aocb be
had tranderrcd. although not living withm iu ter·
r itor) . After the reading of the credential• of a
few regularl y elected de legates of both ftldiom to
· whom no objection •·as made, Gerber r~ what.
purported to be the credentials for 13 ddegates
from tht "reortranUed" J i th A. D. A storm of dit ·
approva l forced the reading of the credmtiall
of the 13 de l r:~a t~ who were dected at a rrgulu
mccting of the 17th A. D.. and • ·hose crode1tialt
were aigned by the regu lar A«ret.ary of the bnnch.
On a motion Beckerman moved that the acti•n of
the Cit y E:aecuth·e Committ~ in handpickint 13
delegate!! he concurred in , and that the linle ~and
of machine-flni!!hed Comudt:l! be aeated. A J»int
of order was im.mediateh· mflde that the recaJed
del~gat~ 1hould not be . allowed to vote on t.ia
queo ~ ion .
The chai r ruled the point_ ''not '~~~til
liken" and h is doci&ion waa challenged by Braldy
amid pc;-at co nfu ~i on a~d continual interTUptims
from both &ide-! For a time the noiae waa deafen·
ing, the members of the 17th A. D. who were to
he " rrore;ani..z.ed" out of er.iatencc, and who crammtd
the baa or the ha ll , adding considerably to tk
gt'1t ral n:citement.
· Quiet was fina ll y obtained by the booming '\'Oice
of S ipos, who aucceeded in ha\'ing a ll delegate~
from the 17th A. D. di~nfranchiM:d temporariiJ,
the Rights apparent!)· (ecl ing th•t the chairman'•
previous ruling reveal ed a too obvioUJ hiu.
Heckerman 'then took the fl oot in 1Upport or hil
motion, and after addte:5sinp- hinueH to the t ubjea
(or the apace or a minute. launched into a bitter
denunctetion of the Leh Winge.n. Intoxicated by
the power ' of his own vitu peration he leaped from
int uit to insult , and fmftlly suoceeded in drawing
c riCII of objection from the Left ; Drahdy. fi nally
sett ing the floor on a point of order, uked the
chair 'to discipline thr speaker. This the chair re·
fult'd to do on the 8f'Ound that unparliamentary
lan!"a!" had been uoed b y both side., &Dd ot the
aa.mo time e1:p~ bit pleuure at the way ill
Mk<.h Beckerman had friven ton~~ to what tbt IE·
tire Right wu thinking. .. Renewed prote:MA ~
thi1 deciaion. and BeckerJ"&" finall y annoUDOed hia
intention of vieJding the fttlor. upon .which the
Hight~ tel up. 1 violent protNt, GrOMmAD ~
him by the ohouldon and ~uoina to I• him lak.o
hia leiL
After llockenows lo.ad fuUahod. Cot- .-- to an
amendn.ent that a committee of .even, throe (rom
the Right, three fi-om the LcJt 'and an _impartial
chairman, be appointed to im-estiga~ the entire
mauer of thr 17th A. D. Vehement prot.cltl from
tlo.e Right greeted the amendment, which would have
hahed the now obviou• plan to j,am through the
..re-orga.ni..ution" teheme u a preliminary to the
di11e11rranchiting of the entire Left Wing. Gerber
then took the fl oor in aupport of the original mo·
tion, declaring. that he •"had no with to h ide behind
the bush,'• and iptimat in~ that they were deter·
min'-"ll IO oust the Left Wing completely. Renewed
pandemonium greeted these remark.a, applauae from
the R ight and prol.eit from the LefL
Copstein, a member of the Executive Committee,
got the noor and •tarted to make • tpeech , when
the mach ine gave him the cue to call the previous
queation. Th is he immediately did, the chair at·
tempting to trlace the matter before the hou.e. A
point of order that it U not permia.sable to call
the. question after atarting to make a speech WIUI
overruled.
Appeal foll o wed point of order anJ
point of order succeeded , appeal until it was an·
nounced that the chair wu 'll'illing to take a rollcall '\'Ole on the m.attCr of the previous question.
Cohen protested this ~ecisio n on the ground that
a committee repreeenting 96 member. or the 17Lb
A~
A. D. wu prCM:nt, and that th~ lhould be baud
before the vote wu taken. TI:U. caUM!d further uproar, the Rigbu wll1in! to jam the matter through
without any hearing. Eiaenbud~ a member or the
17th A. D. committee took the Ooor, and in.ai.tod
on hi.a right to be heard. Violent opposition from
the Right cau.ed r-e.."M:wed uproar, during which
te"Veral fi.st 6ghu took plaOII!:, foll owing an a&~~ult
from the Right on Hourwicb. When the confusion
wu at its height a P olice Captain wu brought in
b y 10me of· the R ight Win~ and the meet.ID.g
wu adjou.med.
A hurried eauctu by the machine reo~lted in the
an..nOUJ)Ct:ment b y KArlin, who bad uturped the
functioM of cbai.rman, tb.t the Ceotral Comm.ittee
Would n ot meet &«•in until called by tb'e EUJCutift
Committee. The plan to force through the ..rear.
saniution" echeme fell to pi~ and in • 61 of
piqUe the Right mad the fal.e move of illegally
taking it upon themselves t o au.pend the Ceotn.l
Committee during the pleasure of the EucutiY'CI
Comm.ittt~e. Thi.. U illega l, u the Central Com·
mittee U a au~ri or body to the ExC1Cutiw:, but
'"whom the 800s would deouoy they 6nt make
mad.. and the machine u soin@: from illegality to
ill ~lity, until finaUy it muat collapee of iu own
innm fatility.
Saved by ·the Bourgeoisie
By A. Nyeiii&DOff
Tf the Social ist Party of America wu .not repre·
.l &ented "'t the Beme Social Patriotic Conference,
i~ honor and dignity in this in!!iAncc were uved,
not by the revolutionar)' • ct of ill le,den, but
through the act ion of the American Govt:rnment,
which deliberately delayed the itauanee or pU..
ports to the three oppo rtunis~ who wen ready to
st.art for Berne. In other words, the Party'• honor
was •.aved by itt claaaf enem.ie6. ·
.And yet, have the Party's leaders profited b y tl•e
Dc-tne Ienon ? Have thev' realiuxl that their action• in that direction ha~; been dctriment.al to the
inteT'CIItl of the Party ?
month a congreee of repre.enLativee o f all Soeialilc
parties of the A.mc::rican continent will take place.
In .the tint p lace we must r~ that the
Argentine •• Socialiat " pirty, which eall.t t;lW;
con~eas. wu officially repr~ted at the Be-roo
Confe:reoce. The repreKDlAlivct of tha.t party,
during their t-ajoum in Europe, made a number of
at.ateme:nll which clearly demomt.rate the fact that
they heortily ouppon the banlm.pt ooeoad Inter·
nationa l. If this ia .o, then our ways put. Our
comrade. in Arptina are DOt theae, but the Left
Socialiu! who in 1918 leVered their relatio:u with
the oocial-p&triooa.
Not a biL One of the delegatea to the Berne Con·
1De National Exa:titiVe Committee of tho Ameriference, the usociate editor of the l't'tw York Call, eu. Socialist Party bu dec.i~ already to partici·
J amc& O' Neal, went to .Europe at the 6rst oppor- pale and bu delegated Dan Hogan, a member of
urtily. The aim of h ~ ttip ~ to find out the lltate th6 National Cotnmitlce, to the
A.,... COD•
of affain in the European Socialist movemenL He
intends to visit Huy•mans. the Socreury of tl1e .. ln-'
Tbe appOintmeDt of Dan Hosan 1wu an 11Ct o£
ternatiOnal Hureau" of the non-e~:istCnt lntetha·
f.nnUng .u-vilit:y towuda the American goftll'l)t iona l, and hne a ta lk with the Committee which
menL In Party circles Dan· Hogan U well known
was e ltcted by the Berne Conference, which incl udes
aa one of the mo.t rabid tocial-patriota.. A.. reported
.uch penon~get L 'f Troelatra. Branting and Henderby the ll'n» York Call. dllrins the war bo wu actift.
oon.
ly enga~ in a number of aHain which bad f«
It really mcaru that after a ll. diplomatic aecret their objcr:t the ronsing or the "patriotic" tpirit or
negotiations and the " feelins of the 8f'ound" will b&- the population. In short, be ia one of the typical
~n a gain for the purpoee of effecting an undentand- War Soc:ialiota. of whom then! an: n.ure th.aa p loaty
ing ·~ilh the ouho~ It' mean.t that compromiae in Ecrope.
with the declared mcmit~S of the work.inK clua will
By appoil'ting this lachy o( the capit.al~ ~tate
br~in ~II ov~ •sain . . ·And •II thi.. w\11 be doac
u • repraenLatin: of our Party at ~ Pan·Ameriin epite of the will of the tar~ muaea or our Party,
C&D "'Sociali.t" eoosn-, no doubt the National
who han nn .e't'C'UI oceuiont expn.ed then»eln~a
• a«airut any union with the Rmaudeb ud Commiueo tioped that the State Dopartllacul would
pat DO obotacl.. to his depllrtllre f r.r_li-oa A,......
-
Scbeidemanno.
But in our Partyo k.itd..o tben " bein8 cook·
ad anothtt di.ah which our N1tional E.sec:utiYG Committee intenda to o~cr t o the Party me:mben.
What toolr. plooe in llomo oa a lar!" ac&le, the
Amo.icaa Soc:ial-Patriota inlol>d to cluplic.ale !A
llucDoa A'fT'I' 011 a miniature ...Jo.
At lhe inrilation . of ¥seolinll'• Social·Pitriotic
party in B...,oa Ayrca. towarclo the ODd of lhia
au....
Bat their calcalati.... ia lhia "'!!ani '"'"' ~
The Stole Depa.- hu r-efaood • ~n to
Dan Hopn, DOt becauae be wu ooDiidered an
""""'liable" - . bu1 boca- the CODp;t- .,;11
"bo held iD ouch m "...,.liable" ooatre •
.a.-
A,.Tlwa, ..,. apiD the b...... al ou Party hu
.._ ..-...~ by -
cLai. -
r
�1be New York CommUDiat
s.
Left Wing - ~otes
THE
Left Wing otFaniz.ation hu deCided to sup port th~ f o ll o win~ nominee. or.d uU all re,.olutiOnary Socia liw. to do likewi.K :
For th~ fo/ oJ wnal ~u cUlwe Commi.t.lft, l11 DU.
trUt : N . / . Houru•tch, N . ) ' ., Edwnrd Lindgren,
BroolJ:rn, N. } .. Louu C. froin.o, Bolle n, Mo.u .
f c>r ln rt·rn.o[ iotuJI
Urlt'/(O l t:J : / .
E. Fugwon,
Ch~
rot,o. }II .• Joh n f< f'ed , /'( l'., LouiJ C. Fraino , Bolton ,
A/OJ J.,
C. E. Rutht>nb,.,g, Ckt•ehmd, 0.
_T he fo ll owing bran c h ~ ilnd locals have alliliated
with the Left \\' ing ~ion:
l...o nl Qu~ra : EniUT Local.
LocaJ IUop : 6th A D., Uranc:b 2
7th A. U.• Branch l
91h A. D.. Hrancb 1
13th A D., llnocb I
14th A. D~ Urucb 1
14th A. 0, J~wt.h Branch
23rd A. U., Hrancb I
All HuMIIn Uran chet
All Luhuanian liran c be~
Mmoruv Cr oup. 1n all othn br&.Dcbot.
LocaJ Nrv \01k :
ht A. JJ.
2nd A. 0
3rd, 5th and lOth A. D.
fh b A. D.
8th A. D., Jew iab Bra.ac~
All Fh twtan Drancbe~
All Vtt••h 8nncbc.
All Vluain•u Hruchs
G<-rn••n-Huoji!:ari..n Branch
~t um• )· Hill Wnnu Branch•
Eathuni•n lJrancb
Mm .. nt y Croupt in aU olher
brancbca.
Lneal 8roiU : Eotirr Local
The follo"·ing are tl1e Left Wing papera in New
York :
Dn Ka mpf I The Struggle ) , J ewi&h; ft/ovy Afir
!The .\n World J. Ru 5S ian: Elore, (Forward),
Hun garian ; Robilnik, lThe Worker ) , Ukrainian;
V+U Ji m (The New W ~ rl d• IAthonian.
The 2nd /\... D .• Ma nhattan, wiU h old an open air
meet in ~ at Rul@:en Sq uare, on Saturday afternoon,
April 26th. ill 2 P. M. , to protest againat th e
imprb.onmeni of Debs. P rominent Left Wing
addre&.<~ the au dience.
1peak.en will
Turnin6
lo
tM •Ujt .'
The foll owing loca l& throu@ho"ut the country
bne adopted the Manifesto and Program of the
Left \\'ing :
Local Bootun, M.uo.
Local Roc'-«, N. Y.
Local Buffalo, N. Y.
Local o.n.,.., Colo.
Local Cleveland, 0 .
Local
~ Cout~ty,
N.J.
Local TilliDI 0 .
Local Duluth Minn.
Tbe followins stat.ee have been eaptured by the
Left Wing,
Michipa
.Muooch.- ·
Mi-.
Ohio
All Left \tin« communiutiona .ror thi• column
ahould be a.Jdreaeecl lo Muimi.lian Cohen, 43 Wm.
29th Street, and ahould reach him not later lha.n
TUM<la:y mornins lor imertion the l&lDe week.
A mee~ine; of Jewiab Left Win g memben will
he held iD the r...,.erd Buildins. 175 Eut Broad·
way, oo SWJday, April 2i, at l P . M., to eonaider
~ roport of the ,..wly elected Orsanization Com·
lllin.o .nth ~ard lo the Jowiolo Fodc.-.tion. AIT
Jewiob Lefo Wins Memben mUll como.
In Yiew "o f the referendum on the. State Eucutive
Committee raolutioo to cxpe:l all brancbe. and
loc.olo tlw have joiDod the Lefl Wing Section all
the b."""'- and local.. thr~oul the So.Je obould
....UO arn11~ to have Lelo Wing ~
--""'---
Left Wing o.-Jun . C&D he ...,..od by oom·
municf! ling with Muimilian Coh~. Secretary of
U1c: Leh Wmg Section, 4J West 29th Street. New
York City.
�l
•
The New York Comm...m.t
International Notes
...
The So-riet Strike m I....J.aMI
r(VI£ Italian fr ontier i. doted on account of
iD·
trmal d •..turb&JK'es. The following r eport
of the action of the new Esecuth·e Cl'l mmittce of
the h.al ia.n Socia lilt Pa.rty throwt tome light on the
manc:r :
AI the first meeting of the new Eucutive Com·
mittee of the lt.alian Socialist Part y, held at Milan
in the um of the AtJOilli, the f,llowing dcclan·
Lion . presa:ncd by Lauari, wat adopted :
"1'oda~·. the fon y~igh th annh•enary of the proclamation of the Puit Commune, !he Exccutin
Cornmillee, at the beginnins of its work, dcclu~:
( a l That it r<m<mbcn bo" the third
defeat of the french proletar iat, in the
J.
.bon .c.irrin@ tpi'Oe of half a omtury, h.u
vi.ndica~.ed by the Rtwian
Soviet Revolution , marchins 6.nn.ly toward
ill "wu internal coruo lidatioo and the mili·
Unt union of all the proletariat of Europe;
You are dcfuu:d.. Yoo hl1'e ,..c.Md aoeb a low "-"'
th11 your c..tu.e la aow dape:nte. You wiab to ll:r.'IDa..
li"io.J ill idlt lu.zury &~~d hl1'e w work for ycaa. aDd roe
6od tbe rel'olutioo a mena ee to you . Enemiea, you al&Ddlr
=
~:'J8,~o: 0wn:;t: ~o:m-: lha1 •e anardlilu wOGJd
Ja~d: ::::e~~t~;O:O~:::n:~~d:ii:::
1~
r ....
anuchuta were 6ahlinr. &~aina t aU decreot.. all ·force aad
aU opprcuion. We ounelts bne 'J.Ield force and tioleaoe
·unlr ... lll•l our oppteMOn.. 'i\'e wtot to lftoe &Dd I« Jne,.
ill perfect freedom. La it c:oacciYablc lhat ,.-e would _,..
WThi:kcbfo~ ~::•::':'ea~d C'D;\"'ll&~i,' ~~
•-?
~~n~a ~h:uJ.:~~'ci=. di:?ry~~~;;ill_.!:
Quit Fighting, Briti•h Soldier•, and
Join Your Ruuian Comradu!-
::nd: n~~~h~: d~ca
'~!t:r::O'd:~le
.ouJ
'i\'ith aU our
U bm lor R!l.IIJ.a..'•
P'OJ»-
we 6c.b1 oo lor all that
Engli sh Prisoner from Archangel Froot Writa io
His Brother Scola
''IJ Lt right for t~.:orlcing peopU . of C!M c~un.try 1.0 kill
u.rorlc in& propk oJ annt.kr?",
T"he Allied b-oopa1 i.u•adine Ruuia., ba•e 10 oft~
been told that i.f the:y .-....e taken priaonet' they will
be tortu~ and killed by the bobbeYilu, that it ia
ur
lntueating to aee what ir~ fact happen• wbul an
E.qt-lith aoldiu falla into the banda of the RuuiaD
wot'kmen'• and peaaanta' anny. Here ia the lellur
f of a private of the Royal Scola t.akeo priaoner latt
month _,. An:bana&L
I
To the Men of the Royal Stoto
Kootlaa, Monday, OcL 14, ltll. ·
''I u. ·o nd~r if you all knou· t~ kind of men you arc
figlu int. . I do. l'ou arl fiGhtint. en arm y oJ worlcins·
m en, ond tflt:rt ore no o{ficuJ am ont.st tlum. E vt:ry hoiT.,
u I~ Jam e. Tht) OJk, why do u.·e fight t~m . IT d ,
that U morr than I con Jay; in fact , I don't lcn.ow why
we h4vt: come to fit. ht them, and alloiht:r thin g tluu couiJl.J
is •. tMy d on"t u.oonJ to fif.hl w . The.Y ore not fithling
th~tr ow·n dou, tht: u:or ~•n~ ckuJ , but the copi.loliJtJ of
Htuuo pnd all f"OitntrkJ . .Sinct: I ho vt: bun a pri.Jon.t:r
I hot~ b~en trt:at~d m On.t: of th~m.st:lrrJ , and &iven me
plt'nt y tO t'al arul drink . I hou~ aiJo Jun Ot\t' of our mt:n
thlll /1-rJ m tM lun pi.tol ll 'ou nJ~d . H~ tt:IIJ m.t: tlwu M
ho.s bt't:n wdl tr~ aud and /:Jo ked ajttr OJ o friend , o
worlcint. man , and not a JolJkr .
''S ort· I oJk rou thiJ qu~Jtio n: u i.t ribhl. thaz eM
u:orkin!ciOJJ of ont: courur:r Jhould corM and fi~hl ~
,u.·orkint. d ou o f on<-thn countr) ?. Jr c art: not a.t war
u·ith Ru.uia, and tM RuuUuu arc 1l-O I a.t wor wllh u.J:
but u. ith th.t capiuJIUtJ of all the counJricJ, lAc peoplt:
whom u •~ u. or/J /or and /cup in pleaty, whilt: we, t.Ac
u•orkinfl. clc.Js, m~rclr ui.st. If tM workint. dOJJ k~ w
u.:hy th~ ) ar.· fighling and jo r whc they IAIOul.J refUf!j Jo ·
fiFhl an~· fonfl. tr. Think thin&J ouer arvi aJic ,-our•t:F;
ll. ;,
U i.t u·orth whik lcillin~ ~a rh other 1.0 pkOJ~ o l~r
oplc , u·ho care nol u:hat lwppt:n.J, OJ long OJ t~ir prJ lu.t.J
b.rc bcu'l' fill.~d ol our t::rpt:tUe. From wh.o.t I ho~~t: •ecn
the Ruuian.J art: a 8ood pt'opl.t: and th.try art: fi«hli!"t. fbr
a gc;od CIJU.Jt:, o CCWJ~ tluu ~~~ry counJry in tAt world
•hou/J follow . ·
f
"PRIVATE L4PJU..IIII, ltJrn RoYAL Scan."
The followin& item ia taken from SoziGit:
l'rosil:
..In the Saar min in! dittrict nel!!otiations ·between
, the miner'• ~r&&ni.&atiom ,and the French military
com.m.ander in re!ard tol the introduction of an
have ~~om: so ins on. The r""""'
hu siveo a flat ref.... l tothedomouodaol
the mmer.. He ju.ai6ee hia refus.~l by a ~ta&emeat
aa to the ooal famine &hat prevAil• in France: juat
u in Germaay; and allo by an u.eri.ioo that the
eisht-hour
w
iag alter tho I
clccnoo bad hom puhliabed Ia
that city by a boargeoia ocw.papcr:
U.cmial
would adtocale or nm permit al.leb dccradatioo of
You tbink onl y to protoiF.e trooble. Yoo are oaly
tryin& 10 deccitt lhe i.cnon..~~l people. Dos!'a rauppoee •r ban wltea, IDOlbcn., Men aad
dauchlert of ou.r OWD ?
) uu prt'"OUteun apparntly doo\ bow our
Below U o Rtpran.t of o Cucular Dumbu.uo Amo"' BruUA Sol ·
• tr rncth ; but you ab.alJ baw. Dealh lot proaurJ lA RIUJl4 by ·~ Rw..uloG/1 So a.wf GolotfNfW"/IJ IU MOi t OW.
"ocateura. Death. oo matter wbo t.bey are. We
It l"iU bt oj lll.lnul u. A~rkOA IForktrJ .
•ill rukr yb u pay for your tile nime. Aoybody
been gloriously
(b ) Expreuos the moAt fervent hope•
of the hal ian Socia list Pany for the Gcr·
JD&D and Auwo-Hung.arian revolwioru..,
because it hu entered with an ardor oo
the .earch for a true a.n'd real Socialilt re-Yolution ;
(c) Den ounce& onu again th..e ilhu.iona
craJtil~· diM<minated in the- CorJlerenr e of
Pari! which. under the in~enuou!' m&Sk
Wil wnian bourp:eoia ideology. i!- rc-creat·
ing tht Holy Alliance am o n~ the co n·
qa,n ou . to oppretj not onl y politicall y bu t
al 60 «onomi call y the cO nquered po pula tion• . dumb \-iC titw~ of tht mist.akea a.nd
the rapacity of the bourgeoUie, captained
by imperialistic militarism, and a~ai.mt
the- intcrnational prolttuiat ;
td ·, Sends ita warm greeting-s to the
Comrades rCCC"Dtl y liberated from priaon
and (rum intemrucnt , 1,nd rest ored to the
ch·ilian battalions of .the Par1 y with apir it
more ea~tr and determined ;
(e) To our own member Arturo Vell a
and to all Comrades still in prison, Knrb
the @T~in~ of fratern a l solidarity, in the
ccruint~ that the rene•·ed action of the proletariat "'·ill achien• the !' peed)' liberation
of every victim.._~ f rnilit.aris t -bo ur~eois per·
aecution.
The· ordcr ·of the day ·a lao preaentrd by
l...u:iari "'·u approved as follow~ :
The Executive Committee noting .,nth
the ~eate"SI aatisf action the development
and the pr o p:re~ of the organiz.ati on of the
Party . recommends to the acct ions to uerciJJoe the most rigid care in admitting formCT
or ocw Comradca, holding incompatible
the prHence in the Party of anyone who
hat explic itly 'llpported the war. {Thia
refers to the Party'i former rctOlution escluc:UnJ!: all .acial·patriot.) .
The r;eneral ruike i.n Limerick. i.J tpre.adins o't'el"
the wh ole aouth and west of Ireland. A Soviet of
atriken is alreadr in comp lete operalion an d ia
evrn iu uin,r illl own currency. h a. recognized by
all IC:Cliorls of the populati on in Limerick u the
10)1TCe of authority, e1u pt of coune by' l.'-.e Britiah
D""Jiit.ny. The city is in a ltale of titll(;e. and ia en·
compaucO hy foot and mountt:d troops, while ma·
chi.ne guns and artillcry have been mounted. ~o
one i• all owed to eniCT the city without • permit.
1).e bourgeois preaa cred1L11 the .trike to Sinn
1\.ei.n, but it is the Labor movement which ia in COD·
day
COIDDWider
French miDwl hiVe to work. &eo houtL In reply
to the plea lhat the eisht·hour •T*m ia iD r~ •
the Palaliul.e, be r<pliod that it "ould be abeliabed
.. IIOOD .. the F~ lrOOP- IIID1and the cliatrict."
trol of the ailuation, and •ympathetic action ia d.ily
a peeled Ly the worker• of the nvrth and cut, much
unrOll beinK m.anifeatcd in Belfast and throushou1
the &eztile centen of Ulater.
R.oi.
Ill new ol the I oct that the oditon ol Ti>e N...
Eorope, the 6nt paper to print the aiJord Son.c
decree OD tbe oatioa.alia.ation of wot:DeD laa¥e
aolemoly wilbdrawn the c:barp and opoJosi-1 fat
ila error it ia. ~ to r..d. the followis& t:ru»latioa ef the AD&td>iola' dciol of liooir pon Ia tbo
doir, poolod on tbo walla of s.r- tbo - -
I
~
.,
�_;
The New York Comm...U.t
. . . . ._
M
..
~'-A~in:oe_':ouWbaldn't '·ape~npd~ou., . r
World
t •t i....
-q
el•··
RS. Gear~ Thacher Guernw:y, preaideot p ·
~ral of the Daughters of the Amt::rkan Revolut ion, an organi.J.ation of ~·omen - ·ho make a point
of ha,·ing fotfOitcn -...·hat the American Ruolutioo
was about.. appc:u• to have a prejudice a.gaizut Lbe
nst of mahki.ocl
an
.
.....
am~g our.e h•ea about rigl1t and ld
programs, hut 6ght t.bt'
Thu• writea a Comrade. And lmm
we uk '' What'a a program ?,. aod o
awtt i• : that a program is a wu.pon,
'' h hu belen demomtrated," Mn. Gucrna.ey de.
clnred. "that one oi the grut ban to patriotiam i.t
a foreign language. The UK of a ~c.reign lao·
guage in our publi c ~ehool• hu h«:rJ alm011: u .
act of ueason. We mi~ht at well have been toech·
in~ SanWit . 1 ~ Gc.rnu.n, and (.r better, for Sanak.rit "''ould no t hl\'e kept American youth. from
gro• ·ing American ~auiL..
P00 in the clua war lgalnw upital'
~ret.u..rnahly the comude ian\
about the weapon he \ltol to loo8 u
' action. He c•n't .bear to "wute ti
.. Whal kind of an American coneciouJneN C&D
you grow," rJ.e added, " in an atmosp here of NUtr ·
kraut and lirnburp:er chee!-e ? Or wh1H can you
upecl of thr American iam of the man - ·boac breath
al•·a)'l reeks of ~atlic ?"
If it hadn' t bern ror a lot of t.heee dcapiKd Cor·
eignrn. w),o d oubtless spoke in alien tonguea, aad
- ·ho.e breath perhap1 reeked with aauerit..r.:aut and
~arlic, Mrs. Guernecy'• heroic a.nc::eton would
pro babl)· be 1til! running from the Britiah red·
coati. How about Von Steuben , Pulaski, Koci·
~o, Lafayette?
wei.·
' ulat
the enemy.
Then the tl1ought comes th•t throu h the
wiae choice of weapone and their effici nt ute .
we will win. TUne 1pent in carefull) eYen
quarrellingly tt:lcc.tlng our weapona a each
It age of the de\•elo pme.nt of the da.u w r will
be well &penl
Weapon• must be toten .
Ld. 1.11 choo.e them well : And rem
.. the a utocrall of indu!try do oot run b i..oc..
at the ballot boL" f';either do they r b the
worker there.- Til< Ohio So<iDlur.
To..U
ro,~n
of Jlt.Ji.,.,tolc.
o.....b.
Mil F-orlti"'tHww" •I tM U
'Am.rade. :
Attn tbe lordble lmulcm of our counlrJ
Lbe ~
lhrow ol the SoYirt Co•crnment br t.he Alllea, upon the
THE
o"u the rela~ITe propaaandl fl.IUM
Day and the flnl of the Now
. ..
Y-.•
br ~
•
CoiUllii<tn to~ iiildor
DemilOt..,F-'WE HAVE BEEN
BAMEO FROM ,Tll£ RAND &CliOOi.
Tit!, Ntw Ytiu
i"fint blow from
It beln3 rurnoNd lliil i p.otil • om...;f Ifill
ahortly he panted oil Leit Winp. bi Ficin!
I
11row.anda upon tltou.tanCS. of woR.illt J*IPI
ud otudentt were abot , In Khab&ronk. a dt
~tnetrt)' tbou.aaDd lnhabhut.&, twe.he bu.ndred
butchered hr the hpc.n~ 1ad Co.ac:b. l•
Kra.n(lrt.nlc. thouw.nda were t.!aln br tbt R\I.M o Wb.ho
Cuardt. with the help of l~&llan rqimenta. £n lith rt'&l ·
merf1a aJtO pu1iti p~ted In the tupprt'INion and
ct1' of
tent of tbou.u.nd• of tc-Yohlna pu~~nta. [yery dar new
far , it hu been
::.et:/·..
followed by bruul and tre&eheroUJ attach. What ·
~~ ~:m~J~d· ~:\ot~:~b~,tJ:"',;'; ~u~:';
are the lmperialiata eook.ing up now? Depaid ehtra• aaalnat them. Tbclr wlYa aad cbUd.re .,.. .u.f,
upo :r it, they do not intend to allow Soviet RUMia lcrina from bun~er ond cold, becolltC ther han o mr.u~
to eilit if they can help iL They intend to cru.t.h of relid eaC"ept throuA}J the Worken' Oraa1 luti 1, which
the Proletarian Republic., and with them rbe inter. nl•t Ult.ltlly. Tht need U detJ~tratt., and th Ru .. Jan
national working<I&N organa.tioa whi.:b ia now ==tlou can be of little help with their
begimung to t.ake ab.apc.
Moreota", manr fact ori• are ..JOMd., aad
canHt &.nd .apiCI'f'H'IL
It U now four montht ainoe the Go•~ of
an·
en'.i;~~!:. ~~u~a:b~:~~:~;':"a.:~
the United Suta and Grut Britain .c)lemnly
nounced that th~y had decided to withdraw· their
troops from Siberia and Archangel. They hue
aioce boen reinforcing them. Ia fact, we lee by
C...
.,,..., f.d.w .,. Lt/1 ,.., Iii 11...-..
,.
,
.
Tho Central Comanlu.e of Local Nw Yaft,
harila3 boeomo t6o lila;Oeidiy ior the ~ iai
temporaril y• cllib.<u>doai until OOmriiaiiiloodiltor l>iii
be oponnd up with CoDU'ado ~'\
•
U
o(
It
rvmored that oDe
tbe IMciln of dil
Sla.meee SoeialiJt Patty wiiJ a~ the tiiil iiiiiio~
in« or the Ccnttal ColliDi.ltiee in hii iiitiri ~
H.1t tpeeth; whk:b wi.Jj be dmot.ed l6 tiaity 1 will
or
Iii
......r....
n ...
~-"'
L.itt
WI of ICM
=t~ =~.:P.~
s.-
up.
clark b . . - ia ~
~·e baYe DO feu of rwu)ta; 110 fu, the
Willa
llPularulT"' or
&o •
lor that pld.
We leaJ"D that tho Rand StiaoOI lw iilpiicl IIi
tremendoua el")lenae the dolo«.,.. l6 tho llono;;
ference for • aeries ol otlu.tiTe ifl~Cti&.f8. Oil 'tlw ~
CTitieU ~ur, when put of t..be R
. interpreted by • prdUiirieat ~ Wiipr,
aad pcruuu &1'1!1 •ruaaltd bet.Mn u.e
lnu:ru tJonaJ C.pitalillt. ·•hlle tbr pllr\ on the her eide
~><in! .....
lon t""linii olio ~~
of the Ural Moual&in11 (.European lt!*la ), .,.. bJtll8diac
tho lui Centro! Colllililtieo, tlie Co.r:-d;'i'6iial
Ul de.atb in the an~n ttruaa.le wltb enemltt on t.'1'n'7
=~ t.IUe hour we tWill to rou with the foU
6.. C.ptain made •.
..iioma.
Prot• ap.U.. tbe or,.u.ed ~ ot fOIU ....0...
Dtmaad the whbdnwal of A.-eric.u end AU
tnopt'
The lollowlo! lua.e lidoptBd die
W&lf M.oalf.- R..t..
(eolo &lid l'rop11111 : .
Aa.nrer dM!
of U.Ouu&dt laJp
.. loya1 uoope.."
llllile the R... w.. atOUDd the
and ~t:rcn«tbm ela.-coDicio~ amo.DI t!.e work.
era :ll oftl" the world.
10
How """'' lo a R.lpt T
~ ~~~
to know th11 even by promi.aat of food. ~oxriptioa , and the atarvation and puoi.abmmt of the iD·
hohit&nla Who refuw to fi~~ the Allioo h..e ooly
hoeD able to set 4. handful of Rut.iut to join the
haft.,_
SoYiot eo-..-.
ee the
Ametic:.n Red Cro. : but thlt oraan~.Ut ion. wh h I• tu pIO render aid to •II whbou t e•reption, .. thout H •
IU'd to tbelr polltieU bt:llefa. ha. ntK nen fuor IY with
poiW"d
today'• p•~ that the AHi• in the North are ad·
vanc:ing, and driving the Rut~iana .ouJhward. u
they are alto puah.ing oo in the Eut. But they are
getting craftier; the DCWipa pert now ulk of the
'4oyal Ruui&n.t:' .. advancing, aod keep the Alliod
troop• ltrietly in the backjVoUDd. But we haj,pea-
But ; ... doe - . Ra.ia, look -
.n..-1.1
iaacdaa
Allit:~~ and the American Govt:I"'l!!leelt ue
beginning to talk toft about Soviet RUNia.'
AA .everal timea before, the diplomal.l are. addreuin g honey'e J -wordt to the Bohheviki , and carefully
spreading rumors that the Soviet GoTa'lliDeDt it
1\bdut to be recogni.ud.
laridr.!
The Bolahmkl ... ...,.. "' the ti.li>iii of lioilt
Mbuol •Pain& eollo~?""- '!be ollinmor flilliapii lo
iaclaeduled lo~ July 1, tL. lutiimn
~
about the maddle ol Oetbbio', bat ,._ date ol ~
winter ileboole• to nol 1ft fiDil &wlai lo tho W,
loelt ln the bowp~il p - edltorW .6ni-
pritont or under inclk:tmedi. ..d will DOW bi !ii Cli'tl.
labe pretene.ion~ of tbe Cuf'hf'<SIM•~• and th H•rHiln
fpr. the Rl(!hta to prelet elwp lot iDolleioitl ilaii6.
caplu.lltl .. In the cltr of Vl•dhoetok and aU o
Sll.lt.ri&
or
or Boloherik teacloacioo.
·
bean a period of tenible opp~U~ion lot the R .la..a work· '
Look Out Ruaaial K- y_,
HaDd- Yoar Wal<:hl
hatched.
the quootion: W~lthe ~ &,flit
U.w.o,.,
need it not Dcw&hk" o£ the
Revolution-but MotMn of the Amcrl·
can ReYolution.
~ult.a of the Allied ianaicm of R11e1ia
,.,. .,.
li
An~· ay, what we
So~in3 ia
~·w
nationalu.e womec br ..nu il miftly an~
.Ute own.....!Up ..,d oonlrl>l bt ~t
(CoMiNWI /rom ,... 6)
, A l.c.lkt /tom IAt roth,.' XU Cr.., •I
Ameri~an
110
i.ttely
r aD•
" decid..ing upon • choice or weapoua, but wbuld
Ki.t.c: J re fiut to hand, "'·hcllrcr it wu
effec·
live or not- whether it melted in ' hand
or could be tent ripping into the ci
She al~ hu her ideu about the 1ubtle kit.cbm·
prop•ganda 1:mployed by memy alieru here with &uch ccm&pic uo u• •ucccn durins the war.
Every time thj 1 bu happened
_,
wing
commoo3rny.""
dill&bft ud
-..dol, roprdo,
T1fl
~~&. ~
Rtt~~IA" WOifuas' ft.aa C.O..
Coarwrna or 1.uoa
A.tnlio
The Social Democratic Party of .N
Wala, iD itt ...... progom, bu doc:laNd
to he the ....., M olthe Bol.bnllt
--
1Ac:olo Ruaola, H""P'1, ilanrio, ~. 1-*'
rolne add Uaoorlek.
.
Mootlnp to dl>-.liioi Plltf iMilal iH ~
In the I olio~ bt....dioo l A..U. ~; lialt1
Pnuolo, l'olwd, ~ Serbia, lrilud,
Ko,.. &lid .Upa.U... k lao ~ dut 1ooali
aad Er.3 i011d wJU oliortly .-ti diilt
plM io tho C..irol ~&a Parli. ~ M
rcn.c.
iJ!w
rr.-
poudlnJ
Oli
1».-IW.
c-..io
~• • " ' - .
.
', '
�..
The Pink Terror
I. The Rape of the 17th A.
L
AST woe~< we lold aboul ohe unlou!Uns of lhe
Pink Terror again1t the Ldt Wing by the State
Cotmn.i«ee at Alb.aoy. Thi.. week we bne to ,re·
cord the actual m.u.NCI"f' in full ewing.
D.
either to diNOI~ or to ... reorgan iu" the Branch
without ~ eot.-:mt of the majority oiita members.
The Rt~l 'Wmgeu hit their muata\bee in uge
and chi. pin. •• foiled &f!l;•in ! .. ln a Herd chamber of ohe Jta.d Schoo~ hUed OUI wioh p;rind·
•tones for aha.rpcning anic.k.ermce., the cooapira·
ga~~ ~De by ODe. 1be p .....word WAS ... Scb~~·
At thie 11M!1rtina a6ttn~ ddiCIIaJe. will be dqned, ...t
a ~rm.enent oraaoLUOcm in tht ati.tric:l t*ablilobed.. U
~~!:;." the wd(~ of ~ PartJ at bean, come to UU.
Youn for a anirtd ADd eolidified Social.ilt Pany.
Rl.OUAftLUno" Co••rnu o, Tat: Euamn
Co••rnu. 1...oc.u. Nrir Yoa&.
Ont: dark a'ld tloom~· night 1M CouacU, B.uhiA.W....a 1>, Ldur OW,.•
Bu.oob and Opritchniki of the Right Wing ewooped
· down on 'the 1ith A. D. Branch, tlaughtere:ct the
On Sundoy evming, lhe 20th, lhe fonunooe f-.
no.k and 6le, ano:l urri~ off t.h"'! Braoch imo cap- mann .
clutching their admiui~D letten firmly in their
Th~ oext JD9rning. April 18th. the members of
tmry.
handa., went to the J u lidte. Some of the Lelt
'fhe 17th A. D. Branch i.&--or wa.a-the larpt the 1ith A. D. Branch f.eceived a letter, which read Win~ went al.o. Tbere an utoniabing •iFf
Branch of Local New York. It contain.--or con· u followw :
met thetr eyt~~. At the door were two polfoemeo..
t.ained -&bout four hundred memben in @:ood
and in the bad.-p-ou..nd, with etTC:fal pr~feNiooal
SociaJi•t Party, New Yorlt C:O..:.ty
...OO.ing. It elccted Clae.eeru to th" Assemhly
thugt, hovered the Committee, pointing out the
April l8. 19t9.
twice, and Ca iman to the Board of Aldennen onoe. Dear Comndt :Lefl Wingert to the cops, md order-ing them · e:z..
Tbt [JI"('Oti•r Coauniu~ of Loc.a.l Nrw York at il• U..
"''"'''lin& dec.ded to re-orplliu tbt 17tb Aaecmbly Oietrict
Branch.
toaunilltc" wu (oi"C'ed to t.l:e that t ltp on acc:ourat
tlte:8C innocent and umu ~p«ting Comrades. The of The
the acuun• of • rroup o( memhen in tb..t branch wbo
,daN...ardly and crimin al idea occurred to them that at t:"'t-0' mec"tiniJ CIT•ted • 6f:hl, and br tbtu rona~ o~ow
-.,cebbll~~t hu-e rnluud tht branch. ooe of the J...rae.l.
thtn wu .om.et.hin~ the mauer with the Sociali.A 10 11:11-ljlnlbc.anrr.
~I n~· of the mtm~no dia{r:utted with tbe actioru aod
Party-and e!pcciall )· wi'th. the Ri(Eht Wingeu "·ho
~et •~11ta of tl•e.t aqu•bt..lrf'11 .tued away from the m«t·
control the mad,ine of Local T\e\11' York.
lnl=.._ and the or&• niuotioo feU in the ba.od• of a ftw. At
Finall~· this feclinl! cr ystalli.t.ed 'in an attempt' to tht lut mn-tUt& on April J6th. thlr~J rec.al.ltd all the ollir:Cn
o f t he bunch. lc.nin~t the Lr•nch without a.or (unctionaric.
rec.11l the delegates of the 17Lh A. D. Brancla to to t..ok afln thr .fhin of rile br• nch.
,\ ltlltr •i~~tr~ed br • larJt num.lotr o( membcn of tht
lht- ~ntral Comminee. .On this the Right Wingerr.
b,rando . wu ~«ti ~td. whrrdn tb.-.c mt.ml::o... comp.lain
pcn.uaded the Branch to poet pone action . until a . ...... u. uot a et•on• a.ad trutmeot 8CTorded to tht mc:m.ben
.
• pn-ia l meet in~. They then combed th~ to~-n for by • email l[TOUJb
The [Jft'uti~e Coa.mittcc w.. foretd by the c:ou::rae
Ri@:hl Wing mem~n. rounded them up. and herded thrM" r~tmr•de• hut talt-n to rtoot•r&anu.t:" tht- brand1, ar~d
h.u
•ppointtd
1 wmm"ltt- to do .o.
At
,
memlxr
of
tb~m to the meetin~ . Man)· of t.h~ Comrades had
tht 17th A: lJ. ~·ou ~n rt-quc:,ttd' ro c~:me to • m~tan,: to
,ot auended a Branch meeting within the memory he htld Fr.da) , Apnl HhJ, •t 8 P. Y.. at the Julirttt H 1 1L
IOJ V. "' I 17th Strc-rl. Hrmf! your ro•n' c.aro. The com·
of man, and there ltere M)me present ~·ho had for· I'IUIIC'C'
wiJi bt 11 1h11 mr-ttlrllf tu rt-ora•niu the bnach aod
!'Otten "'·here the ha ll "'u. The Right \ring ie- put 11 on a 110lid and Wlltklllt: bui•.
t- hopr tl11t "trr ,:ood !xoc•ah11 anrl comrade who b.u
jectcd the roc.all of delegalell by a mojorUy of lAir· theV. tnte.reat
o( the p.rty •t hcan will bt •t thi.t mectina
•nd a•tll lht c"mfDJIIer to grl a &ood workin& butlcb ill
k:tll OOUJ.•
tbt 17th AMCDtbly Dimict.
At the following meeting of the Bn.nch, A ~:il
Your. (or tbe Caute
Cocrnnill~ : [tu"t'LL Bu:N•TD~. AJ.ix~otffla Co"m"
lOth, 1919, another res.olution wu introduced b\·
CH.aau:s Ga06SIIA", Haw~ol'l · Vou.
'
About two months ago the "poitonow propa·
gu.da" of the l...cft Wing be(r:an to work among
the Left Win(l:er&-to recall all Bn..och oflicialt. ~
Ju,~ extended di!!C~s ion oo the question of Lc:ft
and Hight Wing principles, and then to elect new
officcn, the old ones to function until the new
elections. Thi.J rtlnlution WOJ CGI'T~J 27 l.o 7.
T\ow ~ga n an uhibition of Right Wiogism uneumpled in the history of Local New York.
The R i~ht Wing delqates tt;med up at the Central Comminee, and whene\'er they could aui&t the
polilica l bos~ on any que!'>tiuu, ;.he)' voted u rep·
lor tkle~oltl from tM 17th A. D. At the Mme time,
8Cting "' no lon@:er officials of \he 17th A. D., a
FToup of thefte a.ame indi,·idUai• appeared before
the Executi,,e Comminee of Local New York, iJtd
a..4:ed that the Branch ~ "reortt&niud... Comrade
Codkind, a mt"rnbcr of the Execuli\'e Committee, at·
tt:mpted to protest. He wu ~atm up and expellecl
from the meeting; after which, with cheen and
b..and-lhaking, the Executive Comm.iuee ·ordtted
tluoo ohe 171\1 A. D. Braoch be " reorganized."
On April 17th the member. ca~e to their reg-ular
Branch mecting and diJCo,•ercd that a bright net~!
p.dlock had been placed on the door of the hall
Th~ · broke the d oor open. howen~:r, and held the
meeting, whid· declared that the BraDCh did.,QQt
recopaiu the right of the Executive Committee
ENTERTAINMENT AND
PACKAGE PARTY
f- Ciwn a.tllte
Sth A. D. HEADQUARTERS
1034 Southern Blvd., Bronx
SAltJRDAY, APRIL 2Ith, at I P.M.
Adminion 15c.
Flooe Paotal P...u.lt ol ' c - Da1oo
Will Be RdW Off.
eluded.
Cried Blulllllein, lo lhe police, '1bey're 1 hanclo
of anMchi.u! They don't bclie"Ye in the CoDJti.
tution! They ou&htto be deported!"
Even .orne of the faithful, who beld !etten of
admi..sion in their banda, were mi..rtaken by the
cop• and gunmen, and to ld to ... Beat it!'' or they'd
"" clubbed.
.
On April 2lot, oine<y..u member. of ohe 17oh
A. D. oddn:ued 1 signed l<t1er lo lhe Central
Cow.mitee Of LocaJ Ne:w York., which read -. fol·
.
,
Iowa:
"We. lhe undersigned. memben of ohc 17oh A. D.
Socialist Party, do bert'by protest against the attempt of the E.s:ecuti,•e Comminee of Loc.tl New
York to diNOive our Branch &f!l;&imt the will of !he
... jorily of ohe mrmben."
The .equel of the affair is to be fouod in the
story of what hap~d at the meeting of the
Central Committee on Tue.d.ay 1 nening. which Wu
adjourned, with the .... ~ of a police captain..
All ohio indiclteo ohe ck.opcrotioa of lhe Rip~
The "'lt11er 1 igned b)· a large nu~~ of mem· Wingen, knee-deep in the rising tide of the rank
bt-rs." refttred to, wu in fact •igned b)' ~~ thirty· and file, wh.ich will eventually clean our Party of
h uo Ri~hl Wing~rJ m it~ Branch--ell 1 ~ Ri«hl thug~ and llrong·arm polit:icia.aa, and ell&bli.t.h
Jll in«trJ w-ho wt!rt m~mbt:rJ. Now the Branch con· within the ra.nla of the mon:r:nent. ~ d.ictatonhip
Ltins 4()() rrumbtuJ in «Dod JUuu!in«, and the of the proletariat..
quorum is forty·•ix.
Now cOmes the horrid finale. wheo the mailed
The Juliette Hal\, whC'ft: the ..l'flOrganiution" . fill of the Ri~t Wi..D£ llppeG'I in ,all ita rutb·
wu ~ffect~~. is out.aide the J7th A. D. On the ap- le.qma.
On vied.oe.day, April 23rd, withocit authoriupointerl m,ht about orte hundred and fifty members
of the Branch gathered, and were marched up one tion by the E.xecuun Committee or any hQ.dy el.c..
by one before M eelf-appointed ··committee,... to Aldennan Calm.an and Aa.emblymm Claeiikaa, iD
...regitter."' first th~ were Wed to turn in their a moviog- Tao, 1woopcd doWD oa the 17th A. D.
red ca.rW. Then que:st.iNu •-re put to them, rud:!. headqoarten and bega.o lo nmo.e the fu.m.iture.
a ohe following:
Comnde M.u Cohea, who bappeDOCI to be P... Do you believe in an organiution withio an ing, prote.ted. ~eupon CaJman ateppod to lbe
organiutioa?..,
tdepboae aDd eaJicd up poliCe bc.dquarten..
"Are yuu 11 mcm.heT of the W1 Wing?!.
-1m Aldermao Calma..\," be Nid, ~d • polioeOf the one hundred and iil1y pre5e! o~/y UUrty man up here lO pJ"'CCa"Y'e ord«!" .
lflf' conJilltrtd purT tn.oogh lo r~&Wu in tA.e M"'ll
ln a few miautes a cop caJ:De ap, aod under
Bra;; cia, lo~ether ·60me IU@'ht Wingert who wert' not tupervition the i:Doffensin dc.b and chain of tbe
preunJ.. but " ·bo wen regittercd" by their frienda 17th A. D. were loadetl oa the Tan ud remoftld.
on tl1e ..committee." After th~ ~! the Ldt:.:
Where? Aldermaa Cal.maD u.id, to a st.orap
Win~u io a body~ot one hning n:gittered- w&T'O-houae. But ob.enera report that tbe nn
adjoumt'd !~ ,h..ir own beadquartel'l, took .; pledae . . . aee:n headiag in
d.i.rectioa of the ~
nnt to r«o~i.u the right of any minority .to impoee hand furnitll!'e quarter in the AI~'• Ward.
their will on the majority, and decl1ued them.elvee
to be lhe oaly lesol 17oh A. D. Brlncb.
•
The neD morning all who ttgitt.e:red rc.eired
~to
t.tM
lhe !ollowins 1....,:
lrioh R. . ..._ fll ltll
and tDe uerilce of Coer-.W. J• C..OUy, ~
J.hllin, R.id:.a.rd O'Carroll. Sou Co~. ~
~~ Party, New Yon c-ty
MacK• aad ateDd ~ - .beb&ll of tlle hWt
R...,.,_,., Worklq 0.. 1o U.. ~
t.$-'the R-.i.ao Scrrie1 Ccrnnatat. LMwia C A.. L
hi.
me
~·~~s=. ~H~a.e
~.:. ~= ,ttt;:...MocAJ..r
...=
BIIYANT HAI..L, 725 Sisllo A MONDAY, APRIL~ 11 I P . Ill.
"Ro ....
4-:'5:.:';::-J::::f...- ....
w..;'
I
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
New York Communist, 1919-04-26
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919-04-26
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .N35
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n02_19190426
Date Created
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2018-08-13
Is Part Of
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n02
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
8 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
The Left Wing and the Revolution
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/4f206e558cad95f1f6be272b92f8b1fb.pdf
eb6e5a91c459b67345f37d35656c992d
PDF Text
Text
'l5he
New·
Yor
COMMU.N
Vol. I., No.1
pr il 19, 19 19
"·
)
.,
/
�2
THE NEW YORK COMMUNlST
.. . Ne•
York ·
VN,lrr.triJ.ll $.tatt', l' an J:'UiniiO!t'(" tht- \o\·orl.en'
r-:vo lutionJ.ry \'ictories.
COMMUNiST
Official ocgan of. the Left Win·g ,
Socialist Party,
Greater .New York locals.
lohn Rud
Hd itor
A ssodalr l·:d ,ttJr
E«i"lotln Mar. Alpinr
,.,4.'
~tlliliun
Colrn1
Flusi111,H .\frw oJ!f'r
Publi•hed Every Week.
Sl:(BSCRIPTION RATES
·r Yt•:t r.
ii
.S:l.OO
J.50
~h11 1t.h s.
·' ~l fm t h s .
.15
. .. .
Sing-le Copies, 5 Cents.
nuudlc ( )rLJ n!-' n f JO ·o r tWCr. ;! I;~ ( ·l·1lt' .
a Copy.
~3
W est 29th Street
.
.
N'ew Y o rk City
- --···-------
C
I J:\11-!/\ /J i':S ! Ae ro:->!> t he :;;ca thc 'work·
crs a rt: ris ing-,
w;-a\'C
··m
w a n~ .
T he
su rf of S nC'jat R evo lutio n heats o n the
~ cru mhlin;;· d ikes of th e o ld order.
· Th t• u:tl i(IIIS of th e wn rld arc h:uikpq>t.
T he La pit:tlist Sys te m is ban kr upt. ~Ph e
h eadlo ng- C•1111pctition o f the two impe rialis t
g roups fJf n:l t1ons , ,rcsulting- in the g rea t war,
h.ts wn·t·ked th e internatio nal cred it aystem
upon wh k h Capi talis t Im perialism is based ,
~ nd t:aug ht the indi1!'t rial proleta riat that
t hc rt· i~ nu l 1o p~ fo r th e wPrl cl but in the So·
cialis t r.ununo nwealth.
.\ t t!tr
' \·h i\·:• tl..·
..: ~rt('
I'
timr, 1l1a1 " ~nt·iaJ i .. m" in
nf Europt· ~ ('011 ·
,,r kin~o: cia~-.
: idc-n :l) t r~ .. t~l tu 2.\'oli,J :t w n rld w:.r: went
thn\ n liJ. r .:& huu ....c. uf card!' lu:{ure the fi~!' t
,.,. rivu .... u.- l.uJ t;;h t uf l 11 ~ern.itiof1ai cap: t.t li~m .
The Second .ln~tior~l joirtf'd the Army!
nrwi!t1,·rNI :lllct l1rtra y ed: !he workers were
rl ivid<"d ~nrt '"'~'lllllf'n•d hnr\.ect . ...i':1 t.C the
lrt-P d a·... ;,, ·!.buft!Hn anct he . ~ laughtered .
'· ;'\1 o dl'rat c Socialis m'' rc,~~::tlcd itself in it!'
true ~·olu r s . Havi·ng adopted the ta ctics o f
)Jal iam entarr :tc tinn w ithin th ~ l'a pital i~ t
the ' ' ;'\q oJ cratc Sociali:;t" leaders fo utHI
~ tat e ,
rhcmscln :s for~d to upho ld capitnli sin in
H S g rant! climactic cri me, and consolerl
th.cmselvc s hy preaching that the \ Vnr wa!"
t he last great 11 re.form"- a :;t cp in that slo w
a nd pcacoiul evolutio n fro m autocr.tcy to
parliamentary d emocracy, and then to S ol·iali:un, in which the.y hcli e\·cd.
Ohses.ie1l with thi s theory, they beheld
t h~ d i si Jiu ~ i onc d proletariat rising to oY<;,rthro.": the p:uliamcntary st a te, , between
who m and the K aiser th e workers saw littl e
to ch oose. And the ' 1 M ndt'ratc S o cialis ts."
in Russi:1. and C';ermany, found th ~ m sel ve s
on f. he capitalist s ide of the . barricad es,
shoot'it~ down WOT'kers to pres.en·e their
petit bourgc·rns tfttories.
· Cap)tnlism is bankrupt. And 11 M odcr?.i't
. od i'lfisna," an iOtegral part of the Ci'\pit atist
\systt>ll1, is a1so bankrupt . Therefo re the
llUest !on o i ·' n,M1era'tc vers u:t rcvol'u tionary
Socia lis m is n{) lon'g"er debatable. The sum
a nd s u'bsmnce of pat:linmentat:y democracy
:" the ~\."orld Wa·r, now happily cndr d with
a ll the hdl.i~ercrrt's d efeated-oitd among
them , the " Modrnfe Socialists..'' ·
The wo r~cet-.. know now that only by
m eans of (Ire Dictatorship ol the P~oletariat
can they aclric:Ye ttterr ends. And the cx·
The .A.mtric:~n So<·bli!'t Pltlrty ..alrh ou~)t its
".tifftrent currcnu h:l\'e ftOt het.n as C'lt'J'Tty
rltfiurd as tho!Oe or European rountrit':", ha~
ht·t·n .for y ~aT5 rontrull~d by petit bourbf"'ll
d rmrnt s .lt has c.:omprumi~t:d with bo uq::tois
l .il.•t·r:di:..m t o a puint wlu: r c its cam pJ i(;'"
li tnat un :, ;~nd the w r iting-s of its !r :ulc r:-',
sounlled lik e a m m·c mcnt to, retu rn to Jcfit•r:-:.mian I >c m oc racy; it has pu'ih r t.l rc~
il• r m i_.;,m tv a po int where <he J' rogrc~s i vc
Part'y . l 1nlll tl ;o;a.fel y atlupt plan ks iro: n its
pl:u io rm: it ha..; t'Ht:tngktl it st'li \\'i th t'apitali~ t i<" parlament ar i ~ m I• • t hl.! l"'i nt whe re
H c.: y t: r Loud o n l·o ulcl s u p po rt t l11: w:\1' and
•.!ill IH· n•Jltllll in:lt t·d --where s,Kia li:-;t '-\l(il'f~
mt.•n ~ouJd vot e for l .iilcrty Hrm d s :wd 5ti ll
hr ;1..,k('d t.. ::::pl'ak at oiiit·ia l !'a rt y lll l't' t ingto grn t th l.! p ro letaria n rt·\'o luti u n ~ in E nmpt.:-. wlil're a Sm·ia l i~ t ) l ayur l'onld jnin
Gompcr~ · . \ll i:tlKt' fu r I.a hor anc l Dt·mon;ll· ~-. and 111\1 be t'cnsu rcd .
The :\'on- Partisan I.cag-ttl', th<• l.ahnr P:l r·
ty. tht• l.rag-u c of F ree ~ at ion:-;, t hr f'roplt's
( 'oum·il- to t he ~ uppv rt of all th ese u ur So\·iali!'it leade rs ins tin c ti ,·c ly r ush- to t h('
<:!tpport ni every thing cxcept l~ e ,·ol uti ona:·y
Sodali:-;m. They g reet Kcn·nsky as to~ r r volntinnary prole tarian ; th ey endor!'.t' t h e
E h nt - ~c h ei d c m a nn Go,·cr n men t :ts " "St,.
l'ialist'' C;o,·crnmcnt; th ey hast en t n c:.e nd
dt'l cg-a tcs tn the Rcrne Conference of !'.nl·ialp:at riots, who a rc a:; rcs po n ~ i hlc ior t ht• \\':tr
ac:. \\'ilh cl m.
\\'r of th e l.d t \\'ing dt!c la n.: th;"tt '''<' r(•p ud iatt• ")ltHic ra t <: ~nt' iali s m ' ' :1.11d a' l it,:.;
h H u rg~:oi :-> affilia tio ns, whose ;tt:t idt it·s. ho w·
t' \'C'r !-incC'rd y mean t, arc ne ,·c t·thcll•:o::..: eli·
· n·.~t rtl10 warJ patching up lh r (':lpitali~t ~ys
u ·m :llld · :p·oir:ling 1he Social Rn u hu :.. n.
\\' c 'lt·m311d that t~e America n ~i:dis.t
l':•rt.' · adopt th is attitude.
\\'1· t:tk~ c.:mr !'land with thr- Ru s~i a n l 'u :n ·
lllllld .. [ i ~:trt y ( Bo ls he\·iki). wi1h th r ~p:.r
' ' " oUr~ ol I ri:r ,nany, ·,tnd t he (..o mnnm i ~ t~ of
Hnng~ry and Bavada, bc!icv inJ:r tha t o n,ly
th roug h the Dictato rshi p o f the P rf,let:l ri;lt ·
l·an t he Socialis t o rder be ·brQug ht ahon t.
.\n<l i n to kCI1 of our posit io n. w e have
n a uH·d o u r ~·, fri'cia l o rgan The New Y ork
Communist.
- - -0- - -
Why the New York
Communist? ·
W
ll Y docs the. 1\cw Y ork L eft \Ving
t'St :l.blis h a noth e r p:tpcr ? 1:-n ' t The
Revolutionary Age eno ugh to r ep rC!!cnt the
L eft \Ving? :\rc we figh t ing The Rcvol~
tio na ry Age ? If uot, if we inte nd to publish
a papt'r whidt cannot compet e with The
Revolutionary Age, why d o w e call it The
New York Communis t? , :\it €w cr the count ry
a multitude of litt loc Soc ia li ~ t pape r~ i!'.
~!1 rin g-i ng- up, ;til professcd y a dvocating Lrft
\\' ing pri uciplcs ,and tactics. \Vith t he r c~o u rc<· s · o f the. L eft \V ing so w eak , ,\·h y <~O
\\'<' di,·idc our forces .still . furth er?
F irs t , let u s make o ur bo\v t o The Revolutionary Age, which, .with the support ·of
l .oca l Roston, and. u nder the brilliant editor·
s hip of Comrade Louis FraiJta, has, from the
h r?"in ning, been the bes t expression of te,•oiutio nary Socialis m ever publis hed in this
l'otmtry-nnd indeed, has crc~t cd a new t y pe
oi Socialis t journalis m here.
pCrience o£ the Rossia·n Sovi~t Republic, atThe Revoluti~nary Age is to be. witho ut
tacked on >II sides l!y the combined c~pital imy drmbt, the official o rgan of the Natio nal
ists of the world, !las shown brilliantly tha t Left Wi~~t. which will be· c~eated by the
o nly the d'eltnrction oi th"t caplra!ist forl"s :\'atio nal Leit Wing Conference. This is
o f g'01'efr.mcnt, R!ld tht: ertttion of a n~W ~ m ade ruo re certain, by ti1e. generosity of the
( 'nmr:uk ~ o i l.o..: a l Bos to n, who have passed
a I'C~f •ln tin n prO\·idi ng that the pape r, w i1h
all its a s..;t:t s, ~ ha ll be ttrrfled &vcr to the
Fx·t·r u t i\' C Cmnmi ttoe of the Loft \\'i ng- :t..t
SHun a.: it s hall bt· ..:ofl s tit uted.
Hut in th t· nu·a n whilc:, the N ew Yor k l .dt
\\ 'i n;.:. w hich h:1 ..; t:lkc n th e ini ti;"ttin• in
f() r111ing- :\ ~ a t io nal l .cft \\. ing hy i s~ uin g it s
.\ la n i i t·~ t u :md Program, has no o rg:w .,,it ~ t . \\ 11. The Revolutionary Age ..:an no t fill
our llt't'd"' .. It is the orga n o f Loca l Hoc: to n;
:-H br· it ha ~ l'nnii nc:d i t ~it.· lf largely to ht·illg•• \ C imlnidt· awl lnl crpret a tiv n n f E n' nt ~
in !·:ur••tll•" : it has no s p ace, nor !-ihonld it
h:an·. iur ) IH' <k1:1il:; vi v ur iig-ht h L" rc.: in \', 'w
Yo rk : and it i..: puhlishl'tl two hu ncl n·f: :t11· '
fif ty 111ik:Oo away.
T he l .t·it \\'i n)! urga ni z('d in :\rw Y10 tl:.
l11 \'ew )·~,rk . with it.'i t hou~a nds oi l':1 r t v
ntrmhrrs . tht· l .dt \\' ing is f ig hting . ifll', 111.
' • i tht' l11t'a l Party machin ery. ag:t1n••
:1 fit'IY t' ;11111 uuscru pulu us rrsi~ t a n n· ~~~ the
· pt· tt .' · t·nli t il·ian..; wh11 1\in·l't th e l':1rt1 u !.:l·hint·. The Revolutionary A ge ha; l 'O I I trihu ted t'IHJI'Illnu:;ly t•J the c du ca ti v n •Ji t h P
r:cnk :n11l filt• in :\cw York: h ut w e need a
pa per here.
~ it.<·:- a ll. :\l·w Yt1r k
is t he ~·i t :Hit- 1 . ,j
J.'i l:, h t \ \ 'i ng n· ... ~-.tallrl'. :\s lo ng- a ~ t ht• t·t>
\in· m:t.-hiuny ,If tlw 1':1rty is n•H in t~nr
!•:end:-. ;1 \'t·w ) ur k !.eft \\' in}.!' p:1pn i..:, , .... .
... t'llti:tl.
t:t· it utHlcr-.Joud, howe\·er, t ha t T:te N ew
Y"r k Communist, :as it no w sta.n d!-i, i..: a
·;,rl· or k:'s tl· mpora ry affair. \\' ln·n The
R~volutionary A ge i:; iurncd o ve r to the
I ·~ · n ~r:1 l l'nmmitt ec o f t he L e ft \Ving-. The
J-Jrw York Co!llmunin will prnhnhh· cn:ui•I!H ' \\i th it , ~..: we hope other J..dt " ' ing"·(~an~ will. in to a nati~nal wed.J~:. int('r1 rt·t i ng- :lnd C'x.pressing the revolutionary
cb .... ·t·on ..r tou~ • p roletariat of the L' rri1l'd
:O:Ioa!l~ . i n tc:rprclin~
N>Tohttionary t-...-en1s in •
Eurtlp c. a nd conducting an ac ti ve propagand a for Sncialis m a mo ng the America n
workers.
:\t tht· pn~..:t·n t time \\'e mus t s trr ngth t•n
ami ~ p r , · :ctl tl·u r Left \Ving' propaJ;;-amla
amon).~ , l 1 art y m<·mhet'!' every wh ere.
For
t ll:lt n ·ason the more Left \ Ving pa pers, the
tndril·r -..;o lnug- as they h o lcl t o t r ue l.l'it
\\' ing prinriph-:..:.
Ka tt· Hic hard!'. ()' ti a ra has entr r cd j l·Hrr( 'ity p ri ~on to Sl· n ·c her ~e nt e ncc o{ ih· ~
y t"ar~·-ii t h t· .\ mt•ri..:a n working c las s ~ l a n ds
ior it. Th<· wa r i!' over. In no o ther <"nuntry
in the.· wurld W1 ntld t1te g-o,·ern mcnt no w d:ue
to imt , rison a \\'tJrking c lass cha m pion ior
t ·~: p rcssing
an ti -w a r opi nio n:i. C )nly v n r
t'l'rmom ir pmn ·rlt.·s:;ncss m a kes u s pow t· rlc-.~
to rdntkt· th(.• inso!t.:ncc oJ th e maslt•r cla :-:t.
' l:dt•rt· th t• :\ mc rit'a n Socialis t Part\· ~·an
r"nu·tly ~udl'n·i l s, it must enlist tf1r t•~.,·•• n
omic powt r of th t·..wurkers.
~· m
-ofu r The New York
Communist s hott!U he received at t he oiiil·C
ot 4:1 \\"est \\" est 29 th St reet not later th at!
Tues day evening at 6 P. M .
(,'omr<trles t' \'ery wh cre a re rcqucs tt.·f! to
:-~end us n·ports of· !tll Bra nch omi1
l .oc;tl
m~ttings. and all C entral and Exccuti\'C
Committee meeting!', at which action is
take n u pon th~ Left \Virig 'M anifest-o and
P rogram ; or at wh ich matters o£ in~rest
to tu em bcrs of the Le ft Wingo a·re arted
upo n .
·\11 Socialist
IH' \\' s
I •
�, '
Tint NEW YORK CO'MMUNIIT
Sociali.t Tactics?
the l'o.r~· a rli~citJIU\\ld ai•.d unit~d irO»J .
\\"l'lite Tc~:or? 'Ibe.~ GoKmnt
pay• 1l0
h i:0 tnu: that thC' l.f'h \\'iu-.:' h:t!l c:1lh·d :~ttcruion lo ,c;,ur protut" ; 'thc .~mtnt
fvJI an E.uu:.tg cnc.y t\tttional l,~,,a~: Lcmnni ;.Howl 'ftim .Moone~· 1(1 put in,.;.
for life,
tiUII.
It i ~ .:arl(ucU hyman,' Cuo•rack" th~ . coa..Yicwl on peijur.ed
.c;o...,.._,
in '.,.w...: thU. I;GI , a !\atiu.q:.l Lch \\'.i.r(S: mcnt J-.:.rmjts tonure ol coa.mc.tiow. .ct!.l 'uu(a~·n,·,.. it- 11101\t'(').:ii<<U"\' - .~iucc thC ranL: jcc.tor~. aud holds behind bei~ ~cb o(:
nnd .fih· i .. w.ith ;La :•trnul~·. anrl n cunft'rcnr~ J•olitil"l lllriwocn. uncia' tert06 ol Upri~
oi L"·i t W.i.JIJ: rtdc.:a.k to 'to .the Emugc1;r~· mcnt unp.o.ra.llcled jn a.oduo ~.Jtrie.a..
Cvnn:ullun. hd~ a fc\\· drt\'$. Ocforc it. C(•uld
f>ue~t the G4..\'em&neot yicW .J our pr;;e
~ccun•plif-l• ••ur J•urpc,$e 'or arroan~ing for ~est,: : (JIM! tw.a.drN odd · c4?DSCl~ .obuuiled action in thr Cc.rcution.
Jet.:l(•r,. out. of maoy hu:nd.rd hJ.Yf .bust let
T o:t r tn:Un t·X t rnt ·t lli~> 1• true. IJut wC'i. free : lw.iure ~nc {or ~tft, iut tir.t«
mu:-t rl'mc'lll•t·r that. althtiUJ.!h the.· rank awl1 Prt!'idt.•nt · \\' H.oun •· pardCMl;CIII" ~ S."Ci.Un
Jt'•litical prif(,ner, • ·ho didu!t ~mmit the
:1;11 1 n uw that the Ltft \\'inJ,:' is iu 1"' ~<'!'-· . fih- ·A rlw P :trty 111l'n-..,C'r.:- ar<> mucl1 mo r
f\.'\ u lut il• n:.ry t ha n .&lu:ir lc.;ult"rs. they ar.e no
C"rimt fur 'M'hkh he ··~~ <ony~·1· c..nd ·: re·
. ... n .,j :'1 tuedium or C':\prr~ ~il')n , till' minuttC:
b,y ar~y IAC&AS uc.it.cd Qn tbe detail& of Party llucttl the ~c:ptrnct&'' uf utherA; frr. twcrrty
\' j'l he J•Ullli~hed . \\'c 01rt.· ini11nucrl tJu,t
1 ..·ri •n had an ae1ua1 co1•Y uf th<' :ttinutc!ii.
l.aetica.
and fifteen \'Ur_.t dm~m to onr, · twcJ ancl
and tlli .; pn·d ud~s tht' pn~~ihilit y Lh :u hl· wal"
The Ll'it \Yin~· h:~;~ :m · immcn~ pr opa> •hree yaa.: Tl'f' pru.. rt:}Wnt~ tba'rbe ha!- •
r.:il
n•la
tn
:u,:(,
lll!Hiish
l.lt'furt:
.
.
in
this
cut~utry,
focnt frum P:ari,.. for the upapen." il. th~ Debe
:u: 1 111 ~ u n :'1 r~port of ti t~ nlt't'tin;.:. " ' here
\H ' h :tn- :t Suci;'lltst J'arl\' iit t CI take ib ph.:ct· <'A"t.'. pre!'lum~bh· t<4 .. reduce the ~tfnce."
dul he ;.:t t hi~ co p~ ? Hut t'''"" th~ mcf n~
a :- thl' '' mt.•"l ;uh·;anct'(l.j\ntl resolute ,.'ccticm
Xu. (.t•mildn. our protest~ andl our pra,~
~h;• t « ;crhu employed t o ol•t01i11 :'1 C'vjl~ oi
~~~ r !~timltcs i~ nN for tht munH·tit imJHtr·
c,f tlw \\O~kin~-t:I:L'-~ p:lrti•::-.'' · En·n ahl'r tor,. did nut wjn the:..e collt~m}ltiblt eops. • Jt
1~111. Th~ important JKtint i~ tl;at nn uifiCial . ti1e rh:lt')!;'dt..~ · tu thr Euu~rR"tllC,\' !\ationat w;l:- thr Eurut'ra'n c:omrack!', thr Comrauar.( tiH" SociaMst PnrtY read~ frtnn cu,,ie:{ of Cuiwt•ntiun art•,t:h:ctetJ. the education c! tltt is.b ur "" cc•UJlfriO". ,y.·hu, Jrrowing• ti~d of..
m ;twtc-!> that ~e . had: lUI tit It' t v ~rw:;s~·~s1 t u . r;utl. and fi lt• mu~t Ro o n. so tha.a }lu.y mA~· lit=:\ and hypocriroy, ha,·t turaed to aet:*.
11t1 l' of the hightlit drlt•ga tr hod u·~ tn ~•\l r
intcll i~,;rt1tl~· fulluu· a.m1 paM on the si:;n· Tht· .ni,·tatunhip of the Ptoletariat i~ the
. t•q ;:tniution . . It W35 o),,·ir:•us t v t'\'Cry«jj:tt' Hiciu..ut actiun oi ·\he J~mergt'nc~ Conn·ntion.j wurl.:t.·r .. ani''A't<f to tht' \Yhite Terror. , It ia
prt~l'nt ' that he had not c11me h~· hi :ot C" ' py
· .-\ :\'atJun111 J..ch \Vil1g Cvnlt·rcnp· ' w1ll ~ iv •quit·t thr ci;u,t of. a"-aJ.:eniJ'\C Labor io
u 1 ,.·nl~·. ye't he WRS allr'"'"d t o prort-td with·
weld juto QUt' Cui\JOciuu.., nnit tht• c.lelt•~-r:ne!' Eur•'J c- that \\'jiM.m hanc!:J out the- c:nimbs,
11nt ;w,·unc:' making a l•rr,tr!i:
of J .(){':.1,;: frum ;dl lwcr the countr~ . atul , ..a..dn;.:. " ~t'. hc:rr'!l an amrteM,·.
'J:ht•..p:u't)' haS be~n prott-!lt i!IJ.: l'i~..,.nu~ly
tht.·ir .n'lf..ur.n ''' their honu-r> '''ill ' carry intu Dt·nu,•cr:&t- J lo\'t Lht" ,~Jfkcr,. . "
n;::tiH~t tht estHm~ ...~e t.·arr ird ur1 i11 t~tii'
Uw rcml.lt.t::;t lJran~hcF Left \\'jnJ.r prmciph:l'l
l'rut~t .. arc- f~liflh . Pra~en are dupit·
n•:mtn hu th II\· offtclttl J:u \'C:rnmt:nt a ~enCilt:l' :uh.l t:u.:tit.' ... \\·hich wiiJ o!)crutc to rh~Jrl~ ·lhf' ahh:. Tla• •ml~· 'M'I)' to 'anFowrr 'the brute:
:nul ln. un ,ffi~ial f' tOOI-pia.:•·u n ur~:auization;O. fu.udumCllt;tl idt:tf. vf the J'ar.t.~' UIUft' prn· furL' t • u f tht• ruling clal'5 i~t h~· ~ftl of the
Y•·t '~ ltctt information uht ~wed h\' mc-thl'n.lro • i•.HuHfl ~· that tt.·~ thou;o;and !'J'C'3kcn: 1'trl,tt out oratnnizrd I.U"''t'f uf ,the A ..eritan "orkera.
m·tnJ it·ii:tly si'milar t o thO!>oC" cmp\n;·~d hy 'ht: c•n h •u •· irwn ;\t•\\ Yurk, llustcm f.lr &ollll' J<.i~-:"ht. ju~tkc. ru111m mean nuthtnc "W*J'
• t·.:pinnagt· agcndu i ~ ·Jaid ht"fon.: 11ur ''Co.r n·
uthtr. t.'t•ntt·r. .
rult-f.;: mJ.o;ani:ud po"·rr it. the ODiy arp- ~
r:u i n ~· lh• pro test i~ ma4c. hut un tht- ~n ·
---o--L
mt'nt tht'y r«ogniz~.
t r·n~· t ht: Kight \\' in.: f.it..: Ujltn -coar('d a,nd
· Jf l hr workenr of tht' Unite:! Stalft "'·ere
l•fl'lt:u·,·s tu act upon the iufttrnllttit•tl.
•· · "'"I' "'''rk lnr thrf"e .cla'·J, ~e jaik woald
1Jn wh;lt ground doc.:F. aJu~ p~rt y !•r.. •tf.:tt
nd ll•h• and oa~ otWir Comrados
:t~a i n:-1 .J(Il.t)"t;MJ.tnt'Ht t:·to~•ivn"j.! (' :- l:o: thi:" :.
~ Sktunl;"'· .-\prill:Jth. 'Gene Deb,. " ·cnt , would be f~
'
s·,,Hl•ll· ..,f Sc.Ciali!!-t IUAnr,r : ls thi ~ t r !Jical
to priscm. for ten yean.
\Yt·1arc_ ..,ick of :•n•tr"t.Fo and JrRYS~:
ni tht• ,-cvulut i~ry ~h·tcrity oi ••Ur :~ar~ \ · T't•· ,...t.,, ... "~" •·' •.~:!' j)l..'a ;:, an.:! \C.F\~,.. J \\·,. Olrt' !1-irft•~ re~o~•lttt~ot.n• ,..,,. tfti!DU~
1
•
•
•
'rJ•C' IK)S.}Jof:IUon of a cupy or ull• .tniaialett
•
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\\'c deiD&Dd ~~ n-lt'ot!oe-not ''pardon'~
L
l tl \ i. Nc~ York Exccutin St·c rC"tOir~·
• ;crbrr caused 41 Juild MC'I~tion in the
~o..,t .. tt· t '••muli tU:e .met:ting on ~uud:tj· l.ut Ly
~mlaknl~ 1...-oduci.nJ! . and r.tading <"upit.·s of
th· ,,,iou:,.!/. of tht l,•.t: ft \\'inK \.'i.tr Lv\11·
11· 1t h · t· . T~:l;t tJ1~ minuv·s di:·:pro nd what
lh .. uUghl to 1 W\'C' : tit at l 'om ,ulr CitJuw
h:.u l llt.' l!ll i.rnt O.UI ·h)' .the.: Lrh \\' inj( a!'o S ia.tr:
·,.,-.: .. ni 1.rr. i~ uf ltult· nt ·mio:-nt. Tlle q ;1ht i..n 1.;, ; \\·~~~h! dii:J f;t. , O<'r ~t:t tla· nun~tcs!
'fhl' J.cit \'t-in}.! is no l :& I'IC',·rct tn:,:ntiil'.Jt·
t i ~·:•. Its Central Conunitl •:c ll\('C"' ... ••Jit.:llly
....us-ee·;
I
Will Debs Come Out. or
Shall We Go In?
0
ul'l no
hara1 and COII.IoCQUCntl~·
''
rm •
1
d is!
.·
l•(T ut .Jh~· Ldt \~ WJ:. ,otand :Oquar.c.·l~ bebtnd
tlw ·vu:;Wiuu t..•f.'l;cnc D,e..b~.·anc.t. we l1.:r.M\·jt11
wt" a.l""f' ~ot
c.IN!ur:tt• tht.• ,o~cclt !or whitlt h~ :a·~ con·
"Uiil'riuv ,unt!ter the .st.iuf{' "Ui ddc:\t , .tlre
t lh ..c-th~ ,uabud!~•th.: Ri~ht \\'.inf( intendli Cu
U"ot! in futur~? Does the membeNhip uf the
I'''"'Y suvpom- t.hu.e utet.ho<b ; For.ewaroed
i~ ior.:anne4.
Victt'd.
.,..,..,.
l
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. •.
ut <:t.'Ot' )e ,._
\\ c: demand the
or ~0111 ~~OOftey,
.
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·
, _......_..,
ft'ieaM'--tiOt • , - - II
~
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'(..t.'lll' Ucl110 told the truth a.hu\u tlw "''t~r.
\~ r: Umand &be n-}it:ue-.&liOt ~ 1,'\' CU.t that ha~ happened &&net hC' Lvf ~ vulitit.·:al ~·
.'
F.n:n
t~J•uk;-thGO inus;on of Socia~,L.t Ruuia h.'· '
----.o-tlte Jnu.·fnAtivQJ} Jmporiali"l5, ~~~ amtif.lit( •
Jl--~1I"'~
lu G<..llan)· . thr lutil•· vnx·ccdonJ<•
..r tht IQIJ><>I.Ont ''Pac. <Aofcr<n«" at ~~· h•· bei:l• ~ w wl & Nati<IMI
~. .F<
..
•
l'wn:-. und tl~ mubbinp. supJlrationa aa~
.o\mnc:,..~· C.cm~:eMioc;l of al the
·
'T""ill" c.."l:l for a !\ntu...nal Ldt "1111: C'tn· aril"e.t:l .. ui Sociahats N ~II .ebeN.: tK..m• ..i.n ra""'r .ui .:a~·~
y 4-'
1 f~:rcncr, ; puhli~ht'tl' iJl · Tbe Revolu- .. thingro pru.\'t' ck;u-J~· 4G -tbc b1indc$t tbat t.be l'ul.ili..al .,.u...aeD-~~ ~
tiol;a.ary Ap. has our hl•arti,·~t c·n,lvr!04.•mt" t. War wu .nOiJ.LQg but a c.api&Miatt" .war, and t':r:al ~•uc·M'CM"'f" •&&Ch 4\"' the Civil~·.. . ., 11~<. tht Lt'ft \\'ing h :1:' unitcrl all tJl~ ' no 9orkinpDM Old UJ ~till it.
.
r~. eiL
·
trul~ rc,·o1utionary d rm.:-nt,. wtthin thr
Tht" court ¥..ftich .c.onvioa.ed 'Gt!nr J>el1,., • \\'t- lta\'C' •tc~tbinK .~Mat
lor fPc
!":tray in Xew York, f'U mw•t \\'t·.join fo"f"' andt..hc.· S\lf•rt'll\e £our1. which tnllta~ 1.hc . h:t.odrul ur J;bera~ ~.ho stood 0
~t' .
w tth thelt' 14nlt elt:mcnu: tht· c ountr)' 0\'fr. rc~o~»:n·.Uun. pro\.."ed hi.• cb~that th~ autocrat:· in this .country1 aut oal ......
,... :. , It I orrnize more tfrind~u!\ly fu r
Cowt!'o ui thiw c~· Ar.r ~w:atecl to defend
th~ \\'.ar, but ,rt:~-ard. \Ve ~~So
capture af dlf' Pnt~· lJoth ltX:all.'·· Loc;al Y aud ·vrott..'<'t th~ capitali~tt"' cltia agunat the ci1li!ltH u-.·c. lhcm • 4t~ .ol ~ W•
J.vcal a.nd lf.twnch hy Hf~ ; and 'a- "'·orkerfl.
h~tu Lily appzove oJ lhCH' ~re •!~
t~Vf'Hl"~' .m «he C(lnling ii:mt'f.f(t'fK"Y t':t.nl y
Thr ru.tltlc:~!.' ruling d~.ll' o f the ' l,;nittd political Jlri~oers iD the u-... ~·
t.:unvc:nWIQ~
~tateli. hnt.t:ncal at the aicht of ·nd doud11
Dut t:w tio.e 1ta.; 40Q\e W,... ~ 1D
'•11w c...mrj~~ pmte:,t that they ntrrr in thf' ~!lt. turn.~ in~"t ideth·cl~· . to i~ .flO(' \l' ithdr;aw ln'\111 acth-e~.ia ~ " •
:tl,,..,lutdy ·wirh the Jlrind)lic.·~ :.nd prvg-ram ~·~iJ))VU uplo!tt the rigtttt(tU5 wrath.of tbe ttl\n:rmontl, and ao de~ ti!M:ir ~ tD
t•f 1~ Left Wing. but the-y do not approl'f' tyrannized and uploitcd worJ.:rr~fll.\.e orJ:;anbing. tbt prul. .r:iat 80~ CD . . . . ~
tJ[ ,. •· 1cpa,..te orpniution.. within titC' for.cc. tJ"hc:y ha''C' takch a"·ay our l»elond l"¥:~h ,wa direc.d}.·~.- .will .. , a.-y
v..-y; How ~m. ~·c a slC. !Chall we actual.,- '(;f"nt-./thty _hJ\'~ • hut in their ·ftrot~U, ~S· · ·ilh . P'Ie ~sit~· .for Alnoelty Conua•
1
•
•
s:u 1b"ut aptur.inr ·tf1t" .l'arc;r machinery·? tillc o~r · f.urk'" Comi'JL'k, 1Jb<t 4.atlC4 to ,too.:. t
T~t-" coM •• oto fom' ~uc:uwil in_ tfre ~U. what i!' in dv heartll or dta~ftld,o t .l)ur """"' f\Miuaal ~~
}!ruuch~ -. . . ltte CA-otral Cbmmtu~•. ~· oof \Uo.
•
•
•
•
~oi .c.h,r S«-ialiat .Put,· willaaM& ~
M· -ihC' aame <time •o'fritat~ our pnnc11JIC1
"fhc- N~tunal E.u:c:anv~ Comnnuc.c "l ~he: tbotc ,.·c .,._.. tab: 8CII'- . . - . . . . , S. ,
>n<l prognm -lftheronk and 1)1~:
i ~~Jist .l 'alh' •:.0 ~d 1qllbold hv" ~,...,.,._ .... ...,....., . . . . .
. 1u•tead of &. ....,.;.. of li.ul, .o:a)l<""""· ..•~ th_...,d ._wp of J>.rneat . OftT die <:tl ,..._.., •.
.
·
••h«tit""' .OII• bic·!'OY<ll.. - the 1...1~ '4 1111 <OIIIIm' •OII /Jb.1 lot.
.
......... ~
-which_atth•-••i•u•~u.uouurj>rin~
£1\lteil? .'~-9 ...._,?To. !he~~~~~:::::-,:;_...,. .~
d.-lc:ta :~sad pt'OIT•m. Tbe , ~attunal, Lclt Go.\·ennl\tnf tbat PGt Dclbl 11' JJI~
~
. ~~
\\'inK ("onlcrC"nee w t: t cn..te a ~atio~l who~;!'' 1Vi<",. and petty apnt,. hu·e
f'"'~
utt Wine .
r--te eaoe
1'\latioul
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�•·
THE NEW YORit COMIIUN!n"
The Party Situation·
W
THli: INQUISITION
J'J'J j thf' ri Me lfJ pu\\·tr (li thC" J A.'h
\\'i"K' oqcaniulion .,.·ith in th~ Sf,.
C"ia li l'l t P art~ iu Se\\' York City. l\tr
lfK·.al uffirirtkl(,m iu,.:tituttd a ,·aridy uf new
re, :-ul u tk•ll,. anti r;,mmittt'(!l gO\'trniug thdflc
\\;thin the l'lrl\' anc.l thu~u ·who wuuld \\' ilhln
th t> }'a ny be . Nut the lca :tt oUensi\'C of lhtse
\o\AS the c::n:atk..n of a. ("ununittf"C (I{ three fur
tt •c- pUI'J'f oi'\C' ,,f ,._rri llin~.: applicantc lror tU~lll ·
l:,.Nhip in th,•
..
~f('iuli ~ t · l'~nt y .
tht• l':trl .''~ hll-.· f~n \'f'r~· Iu s '
""'"'''lin}! th " :u l1niK.<~it•ri of Oe"'' tu.: rnhcr,.,
pr:trl intll ,\ :u t~· Ol) t" ""'hu Fii."f''Cd an appJiC3•
ti•·ll ),1:1nk lwiu-.: n•lufittt•d wiLittJut qursfion.
Tim i:1C"t h:t"' (often l~cn point~.- d out l•r
11.:,11, , ,f t ho:-~ 1111"1Uhrroe who'huw con;.titutr
th•· · J.dt \\ 'i u~:. IJUL witltout r~:.& ult . But
th••att: "!11 • :tiiJ:J.!I':-tcd 1\' rhans:t in tht· n-trthtrd
uf achn iuinJ! nt-n' m .4i nl~u )aitotl n.:, idr.a of
lu.11d iuJ,: tlw l'ontnJl , of the gro \\·th of tht
J •k rt~ in th i .. fll~ n,·,·r tu a Jew ha,nd·picl.:ttl
jncli\"itlu a l~'~
Tht· mu... t runllnilll SUJ:'I.:<'"l"Lion
m kde •.:a';.t th11t !~ran ches ~~;houlp exercin,
t hrOUJ!'h t h«·;r l' ~f't• uth·c- ur mr!nber~hip rc•m·
rnttte.::-, a 11tri\·trr r ••nlrPI in thfs nwtter.
In ti lt'
)':t ,:; t
; rhe (fi:Ottitlll or thi~ C'OIIInlitff'e , 0 Star
Chaml•f'r Extr.t••rd in:tn M ~·: it nu\1.' fun c tion~ .
at th i~ ttmt , j .. rl~:11rl.' ,;,111 a nt:HIU c,f \'Utnd·
d tnc~ . lt i:- :\ ttirt•t't tlllt'tttt•t h.' thh .. (' at
prtcocnt iu t•untl"' •I tu Jll'r)'ttu:lt c;- thc-Ol .. t·h ·r ...
.o\JIJ>an: ntl~· the R igh t \\' ing helie ' e"that th"
pr,·acnt tn·n•l n f t'\'t'lll:- in tht wurh.l at larJ:t'
wilt rt'!'Uit in tht• H\r uf ji: nt·h n• \·,.Ju t iu t ~r .'
toc.n tHnt>nt, that it ht'h'"'''f.f. the l'arty to Oe
very c:.rrfu l in atlmittinf:' 111·" nH.· mht'r:;, Jc-.. t
•
JD
New York
" \\' h/ u.- .Htt. j\Jiniag the Part~· oow ?"
thr firl'l qu~ltion . Rf'mt=m1kftnJ:' the
In~· uf,thr lancl . that one is a !II!' Umed to beittu uc,·v t until IJN\' t-"11 ~ilt~· . 'A' f' took
,·.,ur.&t:t ""d n:vlied : .. Deocause it ucm1
tht: JlfC,n·hulugiC'"'..I) momtnt ."' This seemrd
proff'~JI to bt-lievc that it is a )i;.iou~ mt'tfotod
of foiling the .. " 'ill of tbf' peoplf'... Now,
ho\1\tvcr, that officialdom laces immt'f'f'CC)'
it immediately cliaeovcn ia the ,G rnyma•dtr
a friend indeed, and it procec4. to attempt
the rt"Or,:rinizat ion of ·~"C"ral J.raochf't ia
'" I"' ' "· and we ..... ited breathles•ly for <'rd.r, if .,.• are to beli"'1
•rru·
tht- nut l• 1r!llt." ,,·hich was, whcthtr l''t
ltw.OtA, to fuil the wtu of\tfw'
k , v.-ho itt
wrn· f• ,rn i n rhi~ count_.,.. Nca:osuringly thit~- particular Cill'lt' art" ~c
henhip . of
11111\\'arL:t'd hy the fact that tour aftceator:t . m~ Socialist l'any. ,,,,
JC'wief1
~i tK"r Hi JIIC\mcthinJ,r had bft.n t_,r./.n hC'rt- . Bn.nch h:u' b<-en 110 reorphid atKI Ow 1;1it
:uul w~ lilotwi"'t. l'' t ans ..· ~rr-d it{ the a.f· A. U . lir:anch is nt presnat ia thC' &.hf'CH'!t -ol
firmflti,·e. \\' htrhC"r " 'c stoud by the 1tatr.. tbt Gnrrmandrr.
" ';' $
.
::~~:~\r~::!·.:~~~.";'.:~i•:k:::c::..:nit~d c!::~ ~:~ '"t: ;::;.~::•• tlt:•it.!:
l:tin for ~InC" 'C.''efl ~.. ti:k~ . wa~ aiNJ an·
"' "·~n-d in the atrirmati"Ye.
mutourrA a re rt' ~ ned to : u ;. tnc caN of
th• Jrd, 5th and loth .'\. D. -.4 8tlt .~ . D
II ~rt' the uami nation arc-m f'd to be Uranrbh, bot h of "''h ich ~a"e rhargu
••Hr. itl•tl we werf tnld there woald eppaJ~o pt·n din~: against them which K is .JUoC"t'rely
"''t'r, aud wC" were told thert' would be huped thy the Right' \\'ingY will re.ult in
:\)'Jitlr«· ntl~· n•• furtht.r difficulty M to our
thrir C'XJml,ion from tht SOciaJ•t }J;;,n~ .
uu·ml,..!!ihip. \\' r l'n.·parrd to !e:l\'t', " ·hen
! IHJdcuh· Chid Esaminu S o. 1, ...ho bad
THE PARTY PRE&S.
,.t;•wl l•r !tilenllr du ri ng the proc:redingao.
:-oholt t•U l the qu eatJon , u Do ~·ou · 'kng ..•
:\lthouJ!h ona ,f lhr hnmcdiatf' pui nt at
:111~ unc- in the 3rd, 6fth &ttd lOth A. D . i ~~ u~ ht..•twcrn thC" Right and Lt-f \\'ings
Ur:and1 ?'' l<rmemhc:rin~ our con\'t.na· i!' thf' nwucrshi p and
cuntrnl CJI the
o .. u w ith the romr.ade who had assured us party press ; tile ){igttt
Wing t>lring
t ha t ""' wil'ft not w:~.ntf'd in the. Party- thr attitude that lhc lt.ala" quo ~rould
\\ I ' ~· ramhh rl irantic':llh· in our bn.in!
be maintainrct
to
aJI ;.te.nu a.nd
i .. r ~um r imt'X'UOU f.-!'~unc1int: :\nglo- purf'Ol'lC':I
1hc
mac:hint•
witllin
the
~xoou n:tniC'"i, carefu\J y a\·oidin::: a11 of Part~· coiurul& t.lt e prr-"1 •·hu it cuml".l' to
Ct.'hic (lr!J:i n . a~d ftrund two . Th~ matttn uf l'artr JMll icin and tactic',., (Hfida.l·
fi:t' t"llh' ' ' aJ..,, t•• P""'' ·
•lt•nt ;,. im·:triahly in the pn1itinn ,,r the.
Thus whtn th-e Part y prne
\\' lth tt fiJJ:h uf n :hd . '-'·e left the huild - .:tand·i•a ttrr.
inJ:. ifrli~ !»Un" nnr rrd. rard wu L<r: good • ra=~nain :o 1'1 ilt'1H (Jtl the:: atallt'r it i!l pl;,t,ving
the
~IUC'
o
r.
the
machin e.
rr .. iuc,nr Jtil("ke t : hut to dat: -twu m ont hi!
.;. jn~,·c a)•J•K tihn- \\·e arf' Mill ('~Tdleu
lu all appeals (o,. n•Of'lll1 aml financia l
the in (hL'C C•i fT'\'ulutihnarv rt·rnti1s ,,._rj.!in the
} 4f'h \\' in,.: contrnl ,,f tht J•:•rt y. Tltc- n•t
REPRESE.NTATION IN THE CITY
rc .. uh "' the c.r,.ati11u of thi ~< ~t:..r lhamhr,..
CENTRAL COMMITTEE
i ~ 1hr J u,J d in~ up (If hundrtd" of <applicativn~
ttncl · t ltr conf'f'C'Jllf"TTI h•SJ t u (lUI MU\' tmt'nf
( tw 111 J.:' t .. tht fart that thr machinffy ut
of the· !'("tl'irr~ oi ntm and wotnt.·n \\'ho ~e tlw l'lln,· ;,. in thr control of the Right
e,·rs .lua\·t heen openrd tn thrir economic \\' ing• '~"n;· np)'ioJ1un iti<'~ Occur ..·here~y
~ 1 ud i titii 1S throngh tf1 ~ prt"'!I' Ut't " f wo rld th~· machine cnn~li d.::nC'!' it~lf. \Vh il~: all
C!Tt' Ot!'. The fa.ct that o\' U 90 114.'f l't' Ot ni th«·! larn.ndlt'~ knuwn Itt ha''C" a m:~.jnrif)· nf Ri~t
huudn·l!:oo ,,f aiJplic:ant.~t so t1eld up art' \\'(•rJ... \\' in..:- nn-mlH"f":e JU"\' g;,·,·n tht'd- h rll quota
in,:r nu-n and "'·omen, m~mber ~ 11 f that cla!'H ,.j tit'lt•J.:".tlt'.. h t tht' fe-n tr"al Cnm m itt f'f' ,
in Hoe.·it•h · whirh we claim t u br thr ,·uic•·· hrandlt'" knuwu tu lrt' C'nnlrolkd ht t.he Leh
'm rrth· fl.~n· nJ,:"thC'n ... rlte assumpti on that thi~ \\'in~-: nr ~U "I""""'d ur hark.rrin~:' a · totroflt!
"· ltol~ proctrtlin~: i"' R political mO\' t' m tbr nttthtrit y uf l..rf• \\' in~-! mrmbn~ aninttrt~t ,,f thC" machine. \\' hile- I'Ome uf t ltt>
"l•f'rt"\'t' r 1-"'J~.t~ihh- ch·11'1"i'·t'rl nf thdr fun
qu c!ltiun" a:ik t.1 h,\ this amateur 0\'t'tm:.,n rt'J•i-t· .. entatiot11. Thi" t'~pedall~· appJiu to
Cc•mmi'iu·t- ch-3rl\' "'''"\"'' t!tat th .: applic:tl"'t't tlw ''"ri .. u• Ru(il~ian bn~:uagc branc"he,.. For
kno:.;,·i.:d~e ,.r, nr ·l"ympath)' ..·ith. the Social· ··~:m1plt-. tht' £irst (dnl''ntown ) hnnch Clf
i~t mO\:emtn~ iH nut the rt'nl f'C)int .at ; .. "'"'· thl' }o(t.~JUooi:tu F't"<lerntion v.·u giv~n onl~· tw h
The fulhrwift~ i~ an an·uunt u{ t he!l.r third ' ,,,.l,·g-atc.·... a her prute."t hy thr bran!·h it "'a5
dt·i:tt'~ tuethod b.\' Vllt' of tht' \•ictimo. :
~i\•t·n thrf"f- d~legat~~. elthOUJ:h it!l full rc.prr.. cntatit•t1 il' at lr:.&'-t fuur if not '1'h'r del egates. '
~fogcot1a er with stvera1 "''uiU-bt' '' l'f tnl · Th .. ~'fhh Rranrh uf thr t.:kn. nia;, Federa·
radf:s," ) \\-.itt•rl one !'o!.ttttday m.. rning , tion htal'l unh· two delt¢atel , ah.hnu~:h 8C•
ltf'inre locked dvu~ at the' appuifltrrl h Ci nr. , t't~rdin¢ tu tl ;c h,,·-lews h i~ entirttd t o four.
f,tr tlln~e •nnninted of t ht l..nrd to :t rrivt, ur' fh·C".
lQ
UP. th<mgh our t;tttf'. · \\' bile ~·ait ·
in~ . • ·e ~)r,\'haftJ,!ttl C:rperu:nr~!l' a,. to
GERRYMANDERING
''ow m::~n,· tim rflo wt' h ;ut <'IIIUt' befurt' . rt c.
nut l.rr uf th ,· rnt'th ..t l >~ n· C'rll\1~ hn·n1ght
, \\3• told hn"' ihr, Funduy J.I TC'\ ihu!l. fihy
iWtt. ph··~· It~· tht' l< if:h t \\' ln,;r 11f th C'
oor n1u~ working. uicn hatS "-aited in \'a.in
t ;t>rr.' nmudt·r- a
tuti('l1
f,.r ••, tor e. a h(lur. an d flna11y h:1d ,::unf' pan~· i!i! t1 tr
m:.ttrtt'u'1''
whirh call:~ ionh ,olnhlt' dt'OIJUU'' " :n "ith tht ir ohj ert una r hit'\' td 1 One
,•um~:,dt- rr-nia rktod,· ••ThtY don't ..·a nt u a ciatKm hy the- :-:.c..ci;\li:tt Purry "''ht'n pract:11ed
1"hC' (~rr~· ·
iu thf' l'an_,. fl Ow"- - but j~111 •~ 1 was he- J,ty c.ithrr o i tht· t•ld l"'lrt i r <~ .
f.:innin..: tu lvsc- all hoPf' of bdng a " Party mander il' a !'Chf'rn c uf rt"f•r~aniLi n5r di• tricl tt
l'Cf
.alii
to
Uivitlr
lht";
f,rrC't'l"
uf
thr
"Jll~irion .
tnrml.t•r.'' onr t. 'h ic-F 1-:...aftliner arrh f'cl and
ttnl ..('kf'tl Ruum r.O.i. \\'e filtd in and Jt ill nut a rauil'Ularl,· ••irioa:- Jlulitical mo~·c
..,·h ilf"d a\loay thf' timf' f'eading our Soc-ial· - ••u). indtTcl. in l'A! ~iu. ti .. t cirdr~ ha ~ rome to
itct ·t-apers and "'itinr fo,. ChiC'f Examiner h.- lookt'll upcm" n~ our u i thf' lin It' prh·ilrJ""t""
Nn. t . 'l' inaih· hf' tun arrivc:d. and the · t~f the party in IJQ"~r.
Uut tht' ntajurit''.
Huh· ol Holi~a " .. " opened. and in we Jrcia1i~l~ hi,·t al\\·a!"' ;;,(i«lt'd . riKfttrou~o
·,.rni, one by oue. to mnt OUT fate.
indi,-.;l~ tiun whm th..y "cr·C' the- \'ictimf Uld
1"' lu~hn.,tht prt'!lf'llt hffitiuld~ llll :md
"!""
,,;It
A
~nJtrorl \\ hich imm tiuu· tn tirt..- a... i"-:- Util
J,,,. T'.trt~ paJ)<'rt' ; Ont' or ' lhe .. Mrt~f'M
ar~umenb
'rfll
advanr,•tl j,. that 1he "'~ '~hip
pa.fl'" " 'hich wiD pr,.!Cnrt its
ha,.,.~-:.
\' lrw s and \\hid\ , b\' ,;rtut of tlte..al»rncr of
iiuanria I control • throo,rt•
aahaiOtn. or
• ·ill pre."'CCIt tM ·•nub oo a.H
(l('C":'o:;fin!'l:.
\'C'l whe-n A po•·erlal mintrrity
ari!!ou wi!iti a thC" J•'a'n y t.hr oUkial J•rf'!ll
rdn'-t" tu aC'IJUaint d,1c ru~mbt'Teh'p"""'• i th tht:
far1.
Thr Call, . thruugh its Board of
~lanaJtemcnt, hail: nftlM'd to giw- a"'· Jruhli ·
dt~ tn thf' t .t:.ft \\' ing.- orpn iutioo : · n ' tft
goin~ to thr lt'ngth of rTfusiac tt.. actvrnise
nu·t· t i n~ Jirld unOer its; ald,-Cit a~ f'uch,
and the Left \\' ing can only inscr:t nuticct
uf iu Ol f:t.'ti nJr.' b~· camO'ttflac\n« undrr U!t
JUlme of a l'tmnnittct: or lOrrie othrr hody
Th~ CaU "'"Y• io elfc::ct ''• ·e will acupt yo ur
a•h·rrt i~enu:nt5 but " 'e wi!l not print the
n:t.mt' etf you r ~niutinn.. ~ .. , tht•'- it
main tains tht.· f ic tit~n nf a •' fr~ prt:u" for
which il i:;o always ostent,ibly fichciag. ,
ad,· erti~ment ~.
Th• Jewiah Doily Forward. an <•Hicial
f•rgan of th&: So('ialil't l'an~-. takU otUfh the
~"' ~"' attitude t0\\1atds tht' ·Left V.·tn~ hut in
ot ht'r mAtters it gr~es tiO far to the right u
tn rdu!'t' tn print th e names of pan~· mem·
hrr whu may h:n·f' fa 11m ""der tht diPoplea!l\lft:' t•f tht gu'·rmmc-nt.
h rt.fu~ to
ad,·en i~e the Novy lllr1 the official trrpft
of thr ku !'ian Fr~C"ratiun, al~ thi1
hody i!l J'" n ui the Socialist :'arty,
feet
rtC'cttpiell' in rebtint1 to the Part,• f:XIIc:th· tbe&aml• )JOf'itfon as d"" t.ht'
F-cdn;tioa.
r
h,
Je•ish.
l.o<al llrunx hu ht:ld ,...., ..uinp ..,.
the dii!I("U'ijCion of the l..dt \\' ... ' )#anifeii'D
aad Prugnm aod .,.ill h<>ld • titinl ..... ~
Friday. AJ'ril, Uhb iia i"'.ondoo GMnu.•3873
Tbird :\n., Al 8 p.•m.
t
t
�THE NEW YORK COMMUNIST
A.
•
..
The Left Wing and The Call
~JO~G
tile ridil·uluua MX:usations
hurlt!d at the I ..cit \\'illf hy thr Right
i ~ the char~ tlult -.·(' ..·ant h• wrtc k
the New York Call.
Tin.. i'!lo base.d largely un tht> fact that the
Lrfl \<\'i ug ba.s rdUMd t o liUpport or con-
trihtu t: to The: Call'a ampaign tu ra1ss:
$!t(),HOO fur
V.'J1y ?
,a
new printing pJant.
T hf' Ldt \\'ipg •Iandi. for Part: ownr-rshiv a nd control of the official P&rty prus.
The: Call is an offtei.al or~n of tht t'aity .
yN ir i-. neither n•"llrd no r n mtrollt"tl hy th rPart :. The Call is nir.iog $!){1,000 for a ntw
pbn1. and ae an of-ficial· Pany organ. is a~
J'Caling- 1n the rank and file o( r .. n~· nlCnl~)(" r~ f,.r funds. Yet whm the: printing pb.nt
is ' '""J..rh t. it -.vii) bt ncithrr " wnr-d no'r con·
tiuH1·tl h,· the Part..-.
T Ju .. ~~ ho ¥.· Tbe.
it- " "'"nf'ft ar11l c .. n.
trulk-d .
0..
Tt i .. pu hl i..:hr-d hy thr- \\'~·r';n~nn·n l.f. f o.
OJ~·ntn· r Publi$hing A s\Coe<iatio n, an Organi7a t i:•ll nr T'arf\' Dltmbf-:; Cont n ·' i!'1- \1et'tt"d
in t lh· \ ".l()('ia~on. and in a· Hoa r t1 o r ~fan·
Call
·~~l~f-,,.
--o1' t'r,mc-thing 1imilu ~ \\"e arc t n1d by
IIICIULtr!ii or the Hwrtl .. r Mana~:'~,,. th::t.t
' ' t he= initi•tson fC"~ and dut.."' rntrict 1 the
Tn our ct.em.nda, the Boa.rcl of , . . , . , .
a:uwers j1.a<~~t what the. capftafist 111te-m &a· ·
awtn to the worker&, just
tbc: .R.ic't
:\ o;sci:Ji inu to thofo(' PaMv mcmt~,.,. " 'ho arc \\'inJ:" machine &niWt'n. to t,be. Ldt W~ :
really intueated in th~ pape-r." \\' hat a: '"Chang< it. thm, by all m..,.o d a • hS)lh•ndi•f rt.l5Cin for a Socia.HIIt!
but UIC the lep1 and CMWti~ ........
\\"h~· is it, as the Ikard of Alan.a.gcn nyf, ~ry, which functioDa 1D pntott W 0C.U.
that " plenty of Jlf'oJiko k!clc about The Call, you."
Lnt the kickcn arc M\'er inttn:stt'd enough
W< n:ply : "~t Ia JOUr· ~ ler tu C"OIIIr {(l mcrun.,t" \\'chan hurd 5im- fuainc to ~cmoct'11tiu TM C..Ut Tbeft c.ilar JOt.-ntiruent!- h-om c,ap tairts of indu~~;tn·, bc...,l>onutt'ftiiOIL Do""t-tow..._
'l<eality' and 'CIDI>Otituticm&Jity,' i,a If ,...
t· ocr,lai nin,; " wh~· demur racy is a failure... •
I Jemoc-rxy it: a filihlrr. chitfly because wer< afraid of the majority of the "c.cialilt
.
.
thL; ;:real mu.!\ of !he. people "have notbinr Party."
Why 1hoolci the Ldt W~- w.alll to.......,
t o · ""Y aho ut the Governmf'nt. The 01 democr:ac-y" of The C.JI d~of'~n 't ¥o'Otk fnr t t• Tbc CaUt On the contrary : 11>e Let Wizoc
actly th~ f'ame rt:.lAOn. The constitution of • ·ants to take over The CaD.. wi• the reat
the _Associatio n plaeec obstacl.et in the way of the Pant machinery. at tht ..,.;~E...,.
'
·
nf J':ut.v co ntrol In the fir!'it pla~t. it costa 1feney Conveatioa.' ', ·
mon('y tv be a member; in the aecond place,
an appl icant far membe-rship mult M Toted
' '"· :uuJ ''''t"n th,.n ht" · r ·mn11t «"XCrci~~t.t- hilli
h e Leh \\.· ing· organization has dKtded
r ight" 3S a member until the nut quarterly
to IUJlpo'tt the fnllowinl!" ftOt!tineet and
II!Cf'tinj.{. thrf't months off.
a~k s all revolurtonan1 S.K"ialil'tl lo do m
••
· To tilt' rank and Hie:. impat.rnt with· Tbe- wiie : '
.
·',
.,.,at
Left Wing I!Jotes.
T
arn-
Jlur the ~ational .1-:Jt.t..."Uiin, Commitltte,.
Cal1'1 r-diwria.l polic·y. 1he H .ard of Man·
:a,;e rs aud itJO JUJIJWU1f'N. U~ fitt'1ngt:
111 Di ~trict : N. I. Huuf'~·M:h. N. Y .. Edward
n1enh•.
"l.ind,:-,en, Brooklyn , ~ . \' ., l.o uts..C !ra.ina.
F•'r t·xn mplr. "f'aT1~· u "'"Tlt•n.hip and con- Boston, •taas. • ·
tr J i:o ind ficM:nt." Thi~ i~ th~ same arguJ:-or Jntc:matlon:ll Dt-lCpte~ : 1. E. Frr·
ment U!lcfl IJ~· prh·atf' ("apitalist!l ag-ajnJ't
l.indgnm. Brooklyn. N. Y.. !..t"tul.t C. Fniu.
yt:J""
t ;•o n :.rmnt'nt o ~·nt.l'l\hip . Jn a Pa"'· ·whidl
Ho!<tcm. 'Mass.. John Hn,l. S . Y .. C. E.
T !h· n.~rd of !.!an~t-n: i~ e.lf'tt f'd a~ 1o l- i\ ims a( till' pu_hlh· O'A'I"W'r,.hip nf ind.ustry, it Huth<'nlJotrg, Clt',·eland, Oftio.
ln.,·.. · f, '' " mcmben f'l«ted L t thr A~soci<t.· ih1un<l-. a littlt in<VUJ..'TtiiiU,.- :md nk~reoTU,
tiCin : t'nur membe-r.~ thOf.nl L; the Jou r Ln- it 11huw,.: th:tt di,.tru~t ttl thC' proll'tariat
·'l'h<' f1'tllo"'·in,::- l.r:1nd1c~ •;tnd locab :in
c~f~ ..~J"-rt-:Hf'T Ntw y,.rk , an:ct the ~latt·.
'-' har.ac\CTi~tic ,,f ·• Modcr~tt· Soci:di~rn."
f.ir~"ter:, Sew York h ou ·e ir'iihatc~ with the
Tht Coard of M&n&~"trt• ill t-l«1trl a~~ 1" 1·.
.·\ nntllt•r : '' T-hr n wne-r..h1p ttf ' property
l.•h Wing :
lfm·.. tour memben h v the .4.~M>t·iation : m:lkCii tht· Part"\' conl'eT''\I"ati\'t:~· Thi11 ;, also
l ..ocal Queens: Entire local.
ft•·t· tnt·m~ hy tht fo u.r Loc:al!l ,,{ r.~atf'r surpri-.in~o: : if i~ i~ trul". tht'n tht ownenhip
J.m·al Kin¢5 : 4th Hu!'fli&n .Hr. of ftle Feel
Nt•" York . and the St-atC' Comm.itt«'~'. 1:\t u i :.IJ p ri v:itt' ftrt+Jtf'n\~, ,.,h,ch i~ ftllr a.in1 . w ill
61h A. IJ. Hr-lo ~
tht' l•n.·-.rnt time t:htn arc fin additional m:akr thf' wurken hJack f"e.aehonaries!
rnt ml•t'r.;, who act in a m OTt f•r le•s erl7th A. D. lira ..... I .
"i"••r.' .-:~.pHtit_v , r..nreH"nt ing "r,ni7:"<ion c,
\\' c· wt'rl" tnkt' 11" f\ne m.embf-. of the
gth A. D. B.aaell t
- ,.Huard •·f ManaJ.""no.' "It t.akt1i t imt ' tiJ ~~~
IJth A . IJ." Or..U t
fnrmf•t l :a t n ne time to niFt. monty f<'l r , Tht """'l'li-.h .lh~ rha~. In the mean•·bi~.
141h A . D . Rr..-ch 1
f ..tl ; \ \ l ' ~·e inforn1ed th.1.t tti't'~ add itional il j, \' ll.aiJy Df"CN-~\' ft.r T'he CaJI t r. hase
14th A. iJ . .l<wlolt Bn.ach
m«"mht·rar-1-aip" wiJ1 1M' ;.},.,,li'5hC'd at thr IJll"t't· it.. l•ri uti n~: pl.-tnt. I.Je~' u~ nu"·· and then
•Jr~ A . U . li"'M I •
inr; ,.f \ 1•ril 2 5th.)
1 .
wr'JI talk abuut t•)ian~in~t the o~·nerAhlp
T" '' bcttt aJ"'e: plain Fir<tt . that it costs
~t i uurity crou~ in aH oth«'r t.n.nc.hea.
money h l . f"n'eT thr " rk-mucra("~·"
the :wet cuutn..l." Thil'i i~ tht' ~""' arcument
I .Co~Cal ~ew"\'or&.. : l l'tA .. l>.
\\"ur~llll,"TTTf'O's Cooptrat h·(' f'uhli shins.: Af'l• " ·ith which thr (.cwerornent~ or E arope per4
.
•nd A. D .
f't'(' i:lli"" · SeCond, that the ' ' official'' P.arty "uadrd r1lrir ••orkf'~ to AUftpOrt th~ \\' ar!
J, 5 41:. tnlh A. D.
deJegat~ on the Board of Manapn...are: in
Till' nrt1u"•UJ- :.rc· imprC""'''<If'd h,v a:to\hCT
lith A . D
a bare m~jority--l"rn Q four. ~• ..!,_h:\1 l)y pk-cr uf "'flecioo" rea'\('Di~. Tbe Board of
81t1 A.. D. )<..-. Br ,
~itlm~.: " ·itlt the AS!OCiaticon -fHl"ml~r'. one ~1anaJ:eN- say~ tha t "Pan."· o"nen.hip"'" is
. All l<.,..iu Branches.
J~al drlrlf&tc. could ddt:lt thr will of t he dang-en•u!O. for if the. As&OCiation..were tdcn~
All· LettiM Bt.oc:nea. ·
t hrc:·r oother Loca.la of (,reau-r !\rv:' Ynrk.
tical " ith the Lorah; of Greaitr Ni-w Yotk.
All llha..., Br.
1 '0\rt ~ mrmbe:rw
du«'~" t 1• the P~rty. t:lMl any llUit fur dam~f"f, again~t Tbe Call
All Jlungarioll lit. ,
F t•!" t hi\t thry are entitled t fl a vnior-f- in ~arty W\JUIO make it 1XJNSihle to attach the Party
Gc-rnum· ff...,.,-iln Br.
afbir· The CaU is an offkial Party organ : fund:~; ( if an~·); or. &iRCe t.he Pany jjl not
E~t ~nian BraDctl. ,
h u t ' •i·i·•T'r a Party membe-r can hl\·t a ,·oiee inchrvuratr-d . it mit:ht 10:1\u: r\'t'A" mr-m1M"r
zn,l Nur.si.u Bn.nch
in t h•· m:ugerne-nt of The CaD he mnat pay l iah~.
(u.-lridt ,Y<d<rariocL)
si~ cl..lbu"!l.· This it a mock«'t")" uf .. P~rt)·
Pn~~iKh·. Th:u i~ not the point at iuue
Maruy ffill ~
.contro l...
hcrt" w·~ do aot c:temaDd •
immediate
Bruch
'·
· \\\ · 7t:J\~ 11tated p-.!blkt,· many ti r;nl"~ tha.t abolition of the Wo~'• Cooperatift
MinoritJ pape in all
if The CaU would aubmlt to Partv c-o ntrol, Aaaoci.aUon : •~ demand th.t n::~aJ~henhip U.,. .
other bft~~tltca. •,
•. r " n:11d ~up-port thl" Ci\mpaiJ,.'ll ~. i :hf' Clf- the Locals ol Gr-utH Nt'W York carry wi~
J .t~cal Hronx: 3rd Ruuian B...-...
ficin! l'a rt)' U1"f&Jl for a l) f''-'" Jlrinti n~ r l.ant . it memloen.hip in' the A81oc:iatien.
'
H ..:nprian ,ltraK:It.
Mtn1•rity ,.,..Oup,- in all ~..M'T ..ranchet.
and ~:l.acll~·
11111 '» • • 1111 I 1 • • I I I II •
ll u\\ can the managt-ml'nt of The Call ht(ternttrrn t iud? Among man~· plan!-. thr fo l
1'hl' followine a re \be l..dt WiDr papaw
Jo"·in~ ~!'- been robmituct ' " the fh•:ard of
peneral Membership Meeting
1n ~e~· York : D<r JC:ampl (Tioc 5<"'11'1•)
l•~·is~ : :o<o,.Y Mir (New Wcrrtd) R...-.;
)b.nlct-n :
Ev~ry member of the four Local&~ of
.1-:lurc:-· ( F01'"W&.f'd) Hon~ria'n : Rubitnik
at 1 P. M.
t \\'orkt'r) t.Jin:afniaJJ.
·
Greater New York becornee. ex~ffido a
smmbcr of th~ Aleoc:i.ation. 'If the money
MA:'>HATTAN LYCEUM
paid by me-mben. oldl.e ANOCiation is ncc.e._
btl• .-\. D. Bnu<h, N. Y., will hold . a
66 &s141Jr Sln<l
..ry. an annuol opec1a1 duH otamp will yield
•pnv<>sium debate on party tacliaa Ill . .
lmportaJ\t matter to be diiiCU.-d
tbe re-.eauc.
clubroom,. Friday, a' I p. m.
\\' 1-1~ i~ thtre cppoaftion t o IU<'h a ~hfmc
, - -··'a t"•on
n•··t·
····-.·
thn·..
~· .. • , , •
""''""'"'"
Party mrmbcflll. and only Pany
mt-ml~~~.·r... may bt- c.krc~ tnfmlbe~ of. tht
A c;.~•oot" i:ll inn, upon tht paymnu of ft.,.e doJ~ar:o:. init i:ttion ft"e and .dul"" o f OM dClll;tr per
m un th...
,,r
par
4
-'
I''.' Ill''"'
LEFT WING
Sunday, April 20, 1919
...........
~·
.
�I·f
•
TllE Ullt' Y.O.RX .Co.M.¥l.llu.a1
A Window on the World.
t r, dump (rn f, rrr ign n~rL:rb . and thUJ ca vtun· '" ?rid tradr! The- ¥rorkcr!\ 11oill atr ikr
• ·ond tilrrr will l1t' nu unrmpluycd ·to fill
th ri 1 1•1:1.\''t'!>. ~hut duv.-n thr m ill s and &tan r
thrm : Thn· "ill ukr thr mi~ .
~ h• l ~ immirntio~ t u L:rt'l' out l!o!::!lt\·: .. m .
·1 hrn ~ t vp cnUcr.bon to J•rr ,·rnt ~ nl s hc,· i!'m .
T hru lrt iu :.II the: J.ar:. ~oitr" t• f Euro1w- fl«inJ: ~Curt· thr Ui<"l:llh rr..h ip of thr Prolrt:'l rt.t.
\\'tu.t ill the· 1'1'Sllh :
ll .... l ~ hr\' ~"•!
I
UIIIUII to l't'arch JO.r •tJtc (traft
..,rditHutcr ••r an: of .thr opip"ll'l
th :11 ~unr!.uct~· ia c·tmtc-mplatiu,r sta.ninc a
cuur .. "· in p'ulllic gr!f.turiflg aod' of cuu~·
JH"UJ•IC' will J.a~- \HII to. ~ I3U(bt how to
a n titl R:oing tn jail. Ju!tt thlu.k of a w<"ll·
m u. ni n~ rnl C'~latC' aJltnt, onrcou1c. h~o th_
c
-ht·:. ut ,\ uf tht· "itr h,t' i ~ try in&:' t o fui!'i t upon
h Hrons.. famil,·, ''· ho th':'l•\·: ~ i:: :um l u \\ ;ud;
:hr holitun ;an;l n·ho n·.1l :zC" ~. ::i i 1• • • :.\lt·. th J t
HiJI tbnn JOCI
thi " •clf·s:un r. l; t" ~tur(" .
ur · uf thr .irate" old ,-nti<'PIU) , th(' bacl. of
' ' ~~~~r lW:rk hu j\ll't !f.lo pflC"d thr · ,;olrn t
fli:!ht oi ,.:~n unr-rirw: tontiltu, iurit ~ ng f_(luu\J
tu ~·:~L:t• hi" fi!f.t• at 41 group or Jlt1lall hux"
whrn hc '!luddmly rr~ntmllers haxirt.:- lrton a
~.d a lir.t .oo\ldtTTftan rmJ•!o) thi!( f,amr rrstnre
wiu:n rduwd~u forD parad~ ;
.
;\!'
it is
l"· hin41 · :~n y
UM',.
---o-- .
·. The Teleecope
M
lrti:al law ' for fh·r Irish Co,~utiu is
cmc o! thr Kturiou" achit\'cmrnt_u( thr war fo r J.:t~all n:ulua:~~liticr,
hul lht:n 1111riL:r!- in L1n1rriO:. Cud.': . anrl
Uuh!iu om.· thr a.ch ic.' ~ nltn1 1' o f na..rtial La" .
.,,.t: lr;&m un
dahiui.l~ authurity .tlltlt thr
lwiat:io«" ft~ufi" t,u -N-ar GU
!W rnu· mrnliM·rt; of the Ni,::flt \V i n~ c.{ thr
~ .c.ial i.<~t Part~· to ha,·t cha~ JM"'f'fefftd
~
:\ . .1-'. u{ L
:&J:2 in$t .Cuun.11d<' (';c-rber for "mvlu\inr non •mk.tu JtOtCh-ciUnlwra tu ' ~~ dtt- J:Cft \\'int:
mi1intt"!t.
·It i:- nmN~nl that th C" St-.tr Comm ittC"C'
h:•• rt'tlnc:«"•l it !!- appropriation to 1hr C.U
J•r inl iiiJ:. plo.nt hy half in ordrT that it may
h.1 n · funcU. '-«J .Cart an e-nquiry into
.,
i
In rc.i'ly to i:outant -tt.d4;r wr lll:ould
J.lldr that the- I ~Jt methotil of lc:etPirrv. the
C'1•1•~ friendh· on c-lmioo i.la\· " ·ouTd ~ tftf'
;Mahlishme~t of I' p~·n;· · ow•cd ind
cu"'rvl~d
cipr fat"")·.
•
Xu ..Oid ~. yuu l)a"" 110t cnt>lloe
lliiUoiltiua ,uitc rithL
A . ~ ...... ~t ~ a
U. too lutid.cuoao to
to
l ..;nn~L.'=ii, . ncr Sha\l : " Xo.in,Sred. 1t c,. 10
..oaoup
Ln- J-1 - ~Uicri<-• for Amcriratul. It iA ~~ the .kij,hl \\"~ .aad aot
.
h-h· t~: · uvn·f".litkal iu char.acter ancl.-..4il ' for IDe Ldt Wilfc.
the lwt.._,;a .~~~~.a~~~..w-•a."
\\' c: j '!.J«e \bat 'be- mrAIIfL ., k.ti:J' AIMriu
' In ·'· i~"- of I he- fact that \W aff ia a coac~;..
'~"" .\\" a!t ~ Stn-ot!' .J',..•hrilbly baMd ..on ·the tiun ,;f ""pm•IH aDimation .._;u. rt'pNI tc..
·lhtur.~ . ,. ~t ca t~iCI :U• ('oltch :11 thit>f"._.t'l a
mf'~nbn•hit~ in 1M -Soriil1ist 'Pin~ owinc ·to
\\all Strft't ~n - to a&4t'h • wofL:c-r tn·inc I(•
thr aC'tiun of ·lM SlAte Cotnmit._ in -lncwi"«
l'lll"i\1 huL: hiJ. Jh·in.,:. .
·
our r~rm1Non. w.: woGt4 like -tb ~w if ·it
,.·iJI ·he
to iopak o f - <frien• of the
Jti~t ........ t.co....-.?
DO)'I:r .$.U.UO ¥Q\i&AQUJ.PIUt. ,AI
be.._
j...,..,., ,.;..,
_ _i
"IIINIGRA-tn'S EMIGRATING
t:nun J.:.. X~v.--a.t~o, Couktor oft~ Pon ur
· 't\t" ,~' Yof'k\ nutb that t1te naah of ;tren ~
f r••I ll tlw l ' ni&ed States to Earope ha!'
..
rt ar i1 rfl a 1uU1I nf
a
~ capitaJ·
l•jp;,. i:- lrC'j:inniac to pta l ittle worried
' . j hu~t it . \l"itb.U.m. . . . otoppo4 to k«J'
,
1- *Y·
' J"'
... all • fofticDa'l hen:
'!"i w..: h,:tm'. th'e day will COllie wheu aoerr ·
l'h · ~·ment ,. ~.. !'1~ 6al
will t- ... ;
r rrmt of tht c-ap1t:ilin 17*- ill America ?"
<t U1
r.oh·h,·\·i~m.
,.,_t
!'irL: of hrnta1 op........ CDweril'lf fron t
lh«'
,.hamr'k"'• ........ ..,......,. of tl ii:~
..,..;...,t
~
-HlD!TIOUS
A
ill~-llR
ld«"nn~ n \\'iUiouu .-1'. l'ulliu.- baa i11t~
duced .an.ordjnanu 1M·for" tht ·Board.of
.*t.ld~th n&Min& it a milltl«"ruranour · fUr
-:hret -or morr · Pft'I'Onll tu aNC:;,'-11' •nd
" a4Yiw or ad\'QCatf'. " 'hethC'f' by •·Ofd~
or i llemiDCd~:o-•u.t>..-... Tloe"..,.!Nw .oi/IW •
apinot th• enfofteme•u•
ro•" ia ewli::; . _
1
uf the lawo of tloo ·l ' nited ,<;t.atea or ol-thio
IJe,-,'"?ii . ~---4op<-n Staw. J""'f'Kribitt« puniJhnttl't for crim"
ten thou,..nd1oftic• ..... - i t .... .._.· aDd mitde.mnnovra or ·~• tbe pablk
c nod tn'.do. A
-14 wtl· of the·-* ul t~e l.:aitod &aa .......
...,m~ dcpo~ wido . . , . ; . -.
of .~i• Stat~." It ia aaattd by·the .preu that
thito
.ordinan«
~ uti!'fanory tu llayor
!\nd ..-h"'.D AMJ ·~llat tlscn ?
Wili Amnica .......
pn>chlc· Hd•n hut .,.,. refUH- to btlit\'e that Hia
tiun . manul~rtln'e hotp ~of prodtiCtl )J;.....r io •.-.II,· Mtiolitd:
er•unt"Y· ttri mak'lted ~-· workl.
" isiJIU!IiofW!'tleJins Deft'tarD:iac tO tiltir
o wn .laod.• in fliD ~cl S.:W a....lob<>n,
orUr
a--
h...,......_..
·-..---.w·
woiclco••
J.Jnyd (;e,~ 0\-hen -"kiVfl (O"!P"iJ:11
tiJtr«l'lu a!te'd tu a a&., in a · trnn~ndoiUl
l..rO~tiuto . f.... ·t~,aoo I~
from l:em...ny ; hat it anden\oiOCI tlat
.Ea«land i o - willi~~..., diomvat
.off fonuh . Small.....,..b·and qaidr fttVtM I
f'nmicr
•
l~
.p..p.n;a that
;.,_ _ ,,_..
~Nob"
.m_i:.._ ;, ...
llllai<au.-dlq_..._.doc.-.~
"and#Mt..,.a-. .ia\lle -~~
--··all ' ""e • riel¥·"' \ h e - .itllo<.» :....tion." c.,....~t1 7 ........... """
u.r~. -.·Jaieb ;. .of tile -
.......,..,._ba4..,Jk~
·.I
.·
o1·
�.,.
TRE NBW YCII'IIl C9MMUNift
Problems of the Repr·esentati.v~ of Soviet Russia
in America
.. i l'Uci:.l furct'~,·· ahn which, :.& l.'umrnd
t.·nt moment a barometer ot the: "f•,·or.btr.''
', vr <fmly h0Gti1~. &.ttitude oflC:aJriuH~t am· ·
:.go the proletariAt ui - ~lariC"n" hu it , " th't fl~;:. i. ~., politir~
rt•t'•IJ:Tlition
,
"
'ill
f'oUow.
C!rnme~t• towards Sooriet Ra:'sia.
,\nwriC"a j_u)·uu !lly J,!rt'rtt·d tht· nr~'·.~ _o f
\\' t· •l10uhlliL;e to J.!O :L fittlt: fun he r in thi
· thr ai'P''IIlt1nent ht·n- nf an otill'lal
· 'J!he - t~btillaMnt of cotrtmeR'ial iett'r
r·.' Jm···mta1h·c- uf thr Sociali~ t H.cpuLlic ,,[ ah-.ulutd y -.·unrt·t . trury ~lan:ian rraSt->riin
.course bd11iftD Ruuia and c:Nlifalitt copn·
Ru :o~ i a . l .('lt"hrations un this accoun t are \\' t' ~h r. uld like to t'mpha!'ilt that .. <'On ·
\:"i~·· with an its intrina:ic adnnta~:" fur
.. : ill ·~, • inJ:: on. EnQ·wht·rC' tnct'tings nn• utc.·rC"c:: " it ~C-t-li- thr · t'~tohli ~ hment of cl)m
the economic tile of Mania, -M on her lid\'
lu in~: hdd 10 J:Ttf't thi s n~wl y appoint, dam- •:wr<"i:tl rd atiun:o> ht•Hn·tn Ru s,.ia an•l th
1C'
a certai!l d~ similar to.lhe •irniftl'·oi
h=-:o~·:ul • •r . !'oC'f:alit.t and lahur organ i u tion~ l ' n ut•d ;'t;th'Jo-- \\ill cnm t· ,,;,, " a~ :1 rt'~nlt t 1
the BreA Litova: ~. m~rn· 11 meatU t , ·
fru m :dl parts df thr '·C"OUn1ry are s rndin~ ,h·fi nitt· SuC'j al furct'~lhe ,-~ry .cquil i-hriu
; •gein· time."
~
• ·j'
tdr;:r:nn:e of gnc tings and lett~n . pru m- UJI" " '' h ich dt'(Jtnd s tht f.WC Ct'•t--" and the sal
\ ;tti, in ,,f thr Ku.,. tinn H:t·,·oluiicm ill ·gcn r r
.-\11 the forgotng, in our 'opthiun. te:Ttc!s ' tt•
icin~: :ti d :'lttd ""'Jir<'s <i•~~~r; willin~n<' !'~ to l hC'Ip
' \\' ha: . i:otdnd . \dll gu;.rnntt·~ thr ! U ('I.' •
in clit"a1e a ''line Of bFhaviour" for 1~ TCYO)U •
in t' \' C' n ' W:t\' th~ 1;Ut.'C t•:o::o: •)f 1he- nu ~c ( li·
tinn:1ry Soc.tist orga.niz?ona of t1i~ .A.meri·
iirinll ~ .rc' J. Tl'~t· nt ct1 he-re hy him ; and t'f.lllall y uf th " Hu .. ~ia n l'roh·t:a ; i01n Rt'\'Ulutiou : 'fh
t',::n p:-olctariat. u weft u for t 111mndc ~lar•k:or t •l 1hr ~· un !'l' iuu !' prul<"tari a n ~ of tlt C t·n - :'-o•\'ic.·t B•JI !<ihC"\'i"t it':tdt'rs in Ru :o:sia, ir.dud
iu
t:"
Co
mrade
J.rnin,
ha\·~
answtored
tl~
' """ as tlte ~ntati•e nf tht- RtHll'ian'
tirt wurl\1 - the U ll!" t' <.~f tbr Pro lrtaria.n ·
Soviet Gov.ermneot..
.~
Ht· \·ulut i· m in Hn~5-in . tht' cn·ati\'c~im:~otruC'- 'l 'h·Hiu n on Mr\'t<r:tl OC'C':..:sion!'.
th't< "urk ui the toilin~ ~n :u:Jtr-~ !ltrt. 11 tty
• umr:nh.• l.c•nin h:'l! j;lat c.-d that tht ' fina • ,The ~eenfft' of his'attenhun. tl~· n ·et ·
ht·q un tl~t·i-r tu strcngtht"'l an cl dte!•t. nl tht' trHIIl1J •h or th e.• ruin t>f thr Prvk:tariat Ht'\'
t'i•nsunt
di~ti:~k ·-hiA ftt<tivit',\
:utmdat it•n ui the new ~ncia1it•t -cu.,Hnuni"t tn~i•ln in nu~ :Oil d(.'pt<nds nn whether th
h<"rt!. shoetd be the in:erco"'iK of the f'f' •'tlfu,
" Y~ l<"m .
revolution.ry movements of the proletaria
tionarv Socialist m!l\'tmC.nt among th t' '
Hut tht· rnulut iunar~· ~~c:ialiH Ul't,!tllt iL:l · • 'nd Proleatrian Revolution& in other _c.~,~
.\tncrican praldariat. ~ the. •ibfn,:,c:" ,) f th'
• .
.
•
.
tries will come to its 111i1tance. Antltn t 11
1
ad,·:mc-ed
guar.-1, the J.ope aNI J! U:amntrr n
1'· i •'•r: 1 ~ 1• ul; t. fi;t,J:o: the key for the undn-stAnd
ti " "" .,f the .-\m('nC'a n proletan:u
thf" ' IU('CeH nf that m•n-emcnt ~ Left
h:l\,: m~d t an _ intxcu~ahly {atal tr.wr lhtld ing of tl:te preHh.t political lituationf
Wine of the ,.~., 8ociallot ~.
•
tht·.\ - Wt th an •dra th ;tt nt•w thC'rr ' " ~.Ult··
H th~· n ·,·uilllicman· 111.(.1\' t'mt•nt of t!1
n~tl.' hC"rc who. ~·ithout tlll'i_r. ai~ , ~ould \:ti.:t• .l'l'o h•tari:tt in 11\ht•r ct•~nlrit'~ triuth1Jh5. tht'
\\"c are fully aware thall in hill manifol ol
~·a~l.' ul H<·,·n:utiUnary Ru ~~ta-TmutC'd t l :·~~ ~· t t ' u· ' r otH.IIt'i'i( vf tht• R.m:l'lian lfl'\-'Ql\1\i n , th :tcth·ities he may not atwa)·s. or r.-en frt .
• ~··: ': 1· .:. .·mly to tht·~t· grC' ~ II~t:~ il_
nd P"' '.ml:lt ~. Jfu !'JCi:tn ~v,•i 1 • 1 t<c-p~ h1i~ will \K! r-nn d
~!ltrntly, be in • position to -:iC't .undrr th,
t ~t : h ll~,l u tran!lli1tc all tlu5 tnto re,·oluttouary aud a,.: :t r<'!i.Uh , tht·re ~m .;Oine al so · 'rom
bonn.,. of the l.:dt Win1: but lot- <huuld tok ··
g
rt'lt cat:e that his attitude don. noi fli"'\tirt,,
~t rth·i.ty :
,
nwrC"i:.t!" and " tratk'' and nil kJnF ui 11 1hc
'· ha it"•filr tbe Ri,:tlt and "Modt-raf~·· aoc.:inl·
Tllr j.!rl":\1 !lienifiranrr oi tht. :'lpfl\ •intm,·n1 rdatinn!l. "li. un thC' conu.ar~~. tht' n ·,·,.Ju
hr rc· c.ti a ='n"irt reprutntati,·e l"un si:ct:l pn·- ;i. :n:~.n· wvrk in:: <'la!ts mun:mtnt in oth(' .rtuni!\t!l, thereby tincDnsd•u,.h· to u 1t1t1
1he hark" the only balwartr.:o,;~ hop. o i
d..:d.' · in that thi!" appointment qpens hc, frr:'C" ,·,~mu;iC':i i:1il,. , it \\'ill !!trikC' a mnrt~l hhn
nroletarian R.auia-tbole whom it jnvita ~
thf' :\~a· rinn proletariat ne.w rc rspcrrin:o :t t lht• A:r,·ukltiun in Rtt!!~ia. :\nd no '' C"UIII
ita lntemationaJ ComrwaniAt· (oncr($•~
a t:d nr w .,pttOrtunitie!l ; OpJKJrtunitir~ l1 f f <"\' • ntt·n· i:1l athJ tr.ult• rdations .. ,·:~.n hdtt ((u~si
1ho 1.<0ft ScloM!ist Wiq.
" !ttt iun:try ncth· it~· in dirC'C't t'(rntact and t "H· in that t'\'tnt : \\' hy. aftn ull. ftlu)uld th
·:pf'r:tt iun with the Rns!"ian proletari:u ftncl ,..1 nittji ic:f w 11 rlrl . C'l i!'it:ali!i.t .o\nwrka inf'ludcd
l 'ith t " - wilheo, whidi i.,. ~~ the ....,..
·,Rc So~ :'rt C"rm...·nuucul -~: :':*" .._;_ '::"i n: ~ ,, ~·cd '"comm\·rl'i3l rrlntinn,;!' with ~ndali!C '
e ~~ ·to Cnm~;ad<' Mar·
u : fiE-i'IIH~ •: of thi~ •Jn)Ointntent h'"r~ in tl"' f:a~t )\.M*''-1;1. \\'hilr t.hf" rht:ri!\,h cd ht)pC:
th ·
1, 1\"f" eoMiecle oar al"'tide.. ' .., '
ti1il' it rr:-rr-:~nt,; ~C:t aJ•ptal: reminding ,·ntih· rnJih:tht't " ·orld_i~ ~mC"thing li(TUtC'r
\\'~ belie111e that t•e ••compa"" .recvm·
th.: .\mt-nnn " 'orkmgman that the n:tnu-h· _ tn c:nub the· rf'\'vlut inu:~r~· re
.ntndea loy aa, 10dcl rnokn;onan· llolohevi~
.. ~mantipation or the workers can be AC• ,., .. ,.tn;~ nf thr Rui':J ian proiC"t:triat . tu fU • f!Cntriti\~Mta, wtll be:~ .Cumrade )lartew
mpli1hed only by the wortren therntClWL" p r;.t ~f" ~.ri;tli!lm in Ru, !li:a, and tht 1n nvallO · to·oritnta~ l;ti.nMeff i1t diffin•l .. momeat", nO
~ut fnT. a Sin~tlc- mo:nc 11 dn wru d~luht , the who1~ or Rua.ia-with ~11 ht'f' C'umnu·r,·c- will pttnntee sweeeU Co hit& rominc ~rioat • '
hl' J!Tt':t t tmpomnrr of th,· J•Urtly d•JII••· 1 m rh• an 11 natural'rt'IOh reC't'?
ond~e""'""'
rrilltic/' 50 t_o S.'\y, a_ethity here or _tht. ~n\· i~t
l ndt·r jJrruont day politiral ruftditiun:o. the
We hqrtily wloh hhft ibat ~c-e•a.
TtpN"•t·ntati\'P, ~hll In,. err we 111chncd .o f"'\'v1utiuMn· mo\'t'ment or the:• prolctaria
c••:llht the- ma::ti (' ('10\\'t'r Of the ]{u~!ii:ln 7'''hJ in :t11 ct 1untriea is the ntain thing, i!l ihc cen• • T-he' Jewhh t<edelwtion. o( ""' ~ioii:<t
· -~thr influ ence-: (If this gold on the nu ttl$ ' tC'T 11 f w.-a,titatiun j~ f'\"tn·thing-both fu
rMty, which ;. of the:
powftfal
:'.~ul ~d iFpositi_on of ~mmc:an plutucr:u·~:. h:a ~ 1,r.. l,•lari:.n Nuf'r-i."an,!! f\lr ihe emancipation fi"'PS·of the Ricfot Wine, rnd who.e mion
:drt·:.rly mnmfel't~d 1t'-C'1f m .~ !"o!lt nln 1P_u,or. nf tlu· 11 rvh·tariat of all the "'orld. Thr !'Ut' - in ' 'r~nirinc" Do•ntownjto";·~h nn.ntlc
nrtnnrr . Rut, wtth all due allowancr~ . .:n·· ,·r <!' nr' f:tilurt' 11 f th.t: proletari11n mo,·tnttnt. 2: thru{eM to ·c~ :t norm11' J.rott' \\'in.:
• in~ rluc ju~ti~ ~ aU thi~. 'l\'f'1 shoukl likt· t,o the stren&th of the 8ohheviat mcrvement, in ·Branch into ~D abaormai .Rigi1t ":i~,.:
!tf'uncl :1. "'ilrmn~ to the Ame':'ran wnrkC'~.f- MlUntri•·s rnlrrl h~· capitalis,m, iA at th~ )trt•:t- !mlnch. is pu4>1iohinJ a -prfne :-al!ed 'IPI>c
:.•tcl' tu Comrade Martttl~ htnuc.elf-:w:~•n at ";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;·; ;;;;i;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;:;;;;;;;.;;;'1
J~tlotlal Tbi1 m,acizine, C'\'idt'ntly
nt~ unch~e ex:tl:'gflra.tion of the imrorUncc: ,,f !'
.I
with tile iol.. of c:araeuOaglut ;,. Rigllf
h i ~ JIUrt: l~· diplortlatic~omntt-T'tial functi n :t .
JtESOLUTION ADOJ>l ED BY CITY COM· · Wing te~tdenciu, repirhlkd in ito fiP.<t ""~ · ',
'lu"re. ' \\!r would ('C)n~idt.r it a f:at:\1 mil'b ~'"t·
hor
an'
.mde
117
Coa!nde
John
R"""
lr<JIII
·
loi!TTI!ll. LEPT Wl"fG SIICTION,
. ·n Jmr,·ly dirk•m•teiC'-('Ommucia} •· cifnfih·: ·
~.L~.
.
.0CIALIIT PARl¥. LOCAL
· btcomr the tf'ntn of his acth·ity.
• ('oml;llde Reed jrne amll:'iv .. no.pnmlr·
NE,.., YORK. IIPRIL u, ·
Hm''""t'r, as rc~r3rd1 "diplomatic .. acth· - ~
l!ion t·,~·Jfttd"ftatiaaaJ of"Woy uther RiRtl;
-it\', Comrade ~anrn~ himRif e\·identty t-n\\·ing Socialiat eeper- M "'print hill artic}<"!L
Wllltf< H .\~. t '.,mr••l•• 1... t ". :\ , K, ~\fn u· n•
t~r1 :t in~ no !'<"ntlmt'ntal itlu~on~. In an in:
The J.eft Wm~r end<moes <!nly onr .le.,·i; li
has fwcon appuintt'ft h)' the Ru-ulan Sort.liu
'it'r\'it'\\· gi,"t"n by him1and publi!rhe4 tht' otht'r
p~pe:r In New Ym'k,...IJWr Xmnpt, ...,rran , .{
p,~ ~· n H -t ~'""' Mf'P'UMk at it• T'f"P"runt :~·
ttn~-. h" \lrfinitdy nnd tlr1~quh· ocaH.~· 1\tat ~ ~ :
tin· in the ·c. S. nf ,,nlllirira, and
1he Jelthll\ .Loft
Thr Rufl;t~ian Sncialist, :F'C"deratcd RC"puHiu:
"
\\'HF.HF.."5. tiM- fnt'nt f'lf lf'I~Dmfnt rt·
rlttC'~ hot care crbout -political, rrcOJb,ita l•li,hcd in Nuub bt \\"Mkmu. rfQaanu and
tion hj· the lJnittd i Statr~ .... All that ~\'C'.
Ott~· ~. ·April H . tlte ~- ·
.•
!=\.•fdif"U ~till \k hi«hrU iitnh nf r.. r
1ral eo-itto!e of ""-1 Ki"'!• inolnltlt<l
• ·ant is tr-'e ff:('ognitioa. Comracir Mr.'"·
rr,·ohni,...tuy SMiatit .. ~ft elf the'
tltt ~- 'OolaNi- te .... d ....,_ llf
trn~ J•rrfec"tty undentandA tb'.tt , in
mfid, thft'flOf'f fH- it
•tile !Aft w-,. .,_.,..,.;; aiOd.J!nol:nwt to all
WCJrid of upit:aliaric relation1, "'commerce"
RF.~OL\'F.O . that •t fn'<t mtwt cnrdiallr
_.,.,. Of . _ . ltlep; .... "' .....
in tl1t' •'Ords of Kuzma PrUtkov-"i~ the
tbt'if' """'""'""talipt, co,_......"""""' an.d •••
Beooap ~ f<>r May If,
ratl ft.in~, and all the rnt-nonlf:ftAf."
.. ,.. hi;., ror uor • .Nih·M-tl •pport.
''C'omrp~fc~·· will tre&tr definite KK~·
'"" qwttieft ot ~ ttw ,.,,
lluir...O ...s ..........
~t'Qnomic retatioas. • ddinitt! "eqai1ibMJm
A
I
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..• .
1ty Nicholoo I . Hourwlth.
FE\\'
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�THE NEW YORX COIIIIIUNJST
W e'rt:; ..Gonna be .EXpelled! Help ! !
I
(
S .'.ll•any l:..ct Sunda)' ~he State Unn·
~~tuttrC' undN:lJIH."d thr .Pink 1'enor. On
that tndmcntou:' dale, whi<"h deac.rv«"6 to
· nnk in hiJttury " ·i1h S1. Uanhulomew'., E"t',
the S tah· I •UIItuill •..; fulln"·~d the 'uamplc=
of dtc=- 1 ; •• r11101n . ;\l :•jvrity ~iAI l>eotOCTAtJ
ill unG, '"'~~"" ,th•·> e...'JtC IIrd l ~ielJknecht anJ
tbc Spai-t:h·t,h•:. . tlwy 'attrn•vtc-d to clltvc:U thr
~tWins: !
•
Ttu· .r r ... ,huiolfl w;, .. arricJ hy a \'Ott" or
!4 tu l; . " ·iti1 th r c."'(' •ldq:atc:-o ab~tcnt and
Trachten i•er..:. "' usua!, nut Yo:.ing until he.
eees " ·hirh •a.\' thr "·at i~ l('oi u.: to jump.
\\'h a t .J,, ) •HI think tJi t i lllt, Comrade. :You 'll h"' t' a chancro \u ~y what you 1hink
libout it. -IW"raus.t• it will L.c •ubminrd ton..
.fercmJum . thank:O ttl Co1unuic J..indG"Tn.
)(cauv.·hi:,.. brwarr of the Pink TftTor.
Ncnr.a: .. •)Ut at ni(:ht ~·it1wut a copy o.f thr
Communi ..a ~faniic.ru in Your pocket. Jf you
talk in ,\: mr :o)N·;•. itt ~ u~ tu look undt-r tlW:.
bed bf-j,, .. ,. yvu 'rr1ire-mf" ,,(, l'; t: rbcr'~ &pira
lfta\' J~. ''•Nh"C".li,·•J lhM'e with
,a
pad and
~dl ' tu . t:.a :CC d·•wn Jour :'Omaambulistic
muUf"rinL"'· I,., "''' tru"'t the boob iri the
\\' iurc ~laniiellito, ;utt.l lud.:t"d :he duur
hill I ~ISJO. u,:ouldn'T cah:h u.&.
Rand S<huo.~r l.ihr:uy - ~ · 1thra."'es ha\'t: torn
frem tl1<· i~ ComtrU!
It wa .. an h i:->t ·•rk vcca:->iun. St·\·r,ral u£
tht R..,.--t,b t•.,•k :td\':lllt'"A!.!" ••i t·hc OJiJJOrtunit)' '" •lt-.·~rt' tJ11'ir wtlidarit .' ' " 'i h th~ Ebt·r1 ·
5cht•i dl"m:r.nn ~n:.: in f :...nn~a~· - ahhoua:h
!at~r . 111 · •niM I• • uif ~t· t tht' rifcct of' the
IJittufy .· .. u l tlrn~u i n :: tl1r " murdn "'vf L it"l tJcne,:ht :~o :· ,f l . u:<o ,·ln lwmr~-: h.\' Lla• rc:actionary
too nt!:"•rh·d
hy
r c:l\' li t'l\llf~
Sou·
l ' .. mr:r.t.l :• \ \ ,, ;,; U\Ol tl. ,. . d1 ~e f:·m:m ,.f t hl·
• Rewhui~..n •' , ·,unnuttt'T: i ntroduced thr ·
l.iebrin r t·ht · I . u,.,.,, ,),.,ur~ ~·::ul ut ;or:. l!ut
• -Puke <aJto.in:~t '' :t-. ltt·•n;: ,, ,., .. ,. ~e,., r·' - nut
..c!or.,ing an~· . , ~z·· l"":itkal v:.rty in ' ;,.r
: many . f i r ln n:.. t li, It;· .. a i•l. " ·a s ht'art•ly
in fa\' nr ., j t i:t' ~ polrtoh·i th· ... ;,n.d, wuuld rn ·
d~t· a m•;ll••ll I·• th ~ t ,.fin·t. It dt\' tlOJ"··c l,
)u)Wt'\'t'l' , that l ~o.•mr:uk · \\' :a lchn:.u had marie
ihe ~tm•· ,,it; ,,.., ;.,,l:- 111 th t· l't''-'•lutio n in ,:o tn ·
millrt• : ··~ ... j n;, .,J ,· Hk~tt•l• . 1h .. an.thur. ·hall
· requ t;!tte rl \ \ a ~ clm;\11 to 4naw uv a reeolutiun
definitTiy ,: , 'll !''~rtin.:- tlu· f.paf\acides whicJ, · \\' ald t i:l n r f'i u" t'\1 '"On .
Co mrad~
~ : a r• t·
:-.tacUunald
.ai•l
!'lh~
Jle dtrlarrcJ him ~rH a member of the I.dt
\\'ina:.
•• ( did n't \.lr-iorr rnlin the- IM"C"eat>ih· for
;. l.dt \\'in,:: organization,• he wmt. on.
" But uuw Lrnli:u the nri:e..-ity. and J ba,·e
Juinr(\ i1. E\'t•ry l;rrm"n local and br...,.:h
in thC' l ' nilrtf ~tatt"l' i ~ with the Lrft \.',' itlj(,
and " ·ill Iran tht Party if tl1e I~ \\ 'irJ."
jc; ~)" · flrd ... ..
-
Thr rt·so:mion w¥~ the-a vot.:d oa ; follmwiti'J.~ "'hH:-h l 'omra<k Undgreo JM'OPO.ed t.o
..~hmit it tu a rdCTt:ndam. a motioft which
tlu;,,'t:J'~I:'. did . not darr to ,-o]\. doww .
\\' hen nrw s of thr pa"s.~ of tbe rreohJ;.
li<•n rr.adwd the mretial:' of th~ Left \\rq
t 'i1r Comm ittc:e Sunday evening•• thn· vnanimoutol~· pa~"ed 01 \'Ott of &.hanks, a!'l ft,~.
low-!li :
•
" The ~ity Con>miu.ee of the Left Wine
die Rlcbt W'mc .l or
up~--- ita crotitucle to
aa~i ating our eff"'ru by
ao early in the- canx."'
lhowlnc
tbftr baM
THE STATE COMMITTEE'S RESOLUTION .AGAINST TilE
LEFT W,J NG
Pinl.: T1·rN~ t ho• lll''t'l i n~ l"''~ c1l a J"etwJIUt it~n
forcr ~ . . .
11o0
Thr;,rhal4: 1a"trd irum m~.~ming until
ftrur· thirty in tbe al1cmt .. .n.
\,',,mr:uJr \\'~f•liJia.ll , "''h v "'' 3!' ao h ut fur
thf" .!"t.anMc-i drs - e.;p~o.·~i:l !t y thr d.-:ld on;~
- math· -. sprt:dl thl\t ""'undrd hkr Sf,fi?itPr
l....lm<ir td li n~ 1t;u~ !".enat t- ahHUI Dolihe\;!l~ .
The- Lrh \\ ' in~ . bt sairl. had a "e('Tet "rganir..;~.t i on in thr f'art.''· The J.ch \'' ing wu
!'(t"ducin.:- ~·ounJ.! nu;mlK"r" \lf tbr Part~· who
didn 't knu"'· an,·th inl! at.ou\ ·s ·xiali"m. Thf' l .dt \V inJ! "..-a~ ·· cal• italir.inl(' rc \'olntiunary
rmhu ~ iuru . '' ·"nd iinally, - cht· l.efl \\'in.:
-.·u a Uunch ·of. cow.ard!!t."
Comr:uJe .ThL·rr.-.a . ~l.allcirl ~aid, amt"'nJ.:'
other thint(s. •· Jtt'l't: com~ the Lrh \\'i ng
C'lrj."2U ~ :\tiuh an' l takr~> 'hr -.-ind ou t. of ~· ur
-t<~i l~ .
\\' h~ft' were these Comrad~!i dnrinc
the- warT Yt'ere they out on the Jtrt'rt t"'f"D<'I'8
ad\"'CJUtiPR" Sociali!!.m ?'"
~ Hut tlw 1110M dram:1t ic rHnl of 1hr chy
"'·;ac; the: .rt-adin,:: . hy C. 1mr:adr ( ;erbt-r. of tht'
,minuu-.; -.-· iuH :Ul.d ,... ~1plcte - t7f tht' la!'t
Whcnu. the conttitution ·of theSoc~liF-l Pany of d·..c Sute of Ne-w
York pTo\.-ides (arUcle 1, iection 3)
that memben and locala ol the
Socialitn Pany m~· adhere 11nd conform· co the natjonal ~ alate platfonnl' ·and conatitlrtion.a ; and
Wh<Tuf.; the ' apirit and macltinery
on ·tJu~ Socialist Pany provide adequne·
· channels for the fullest uia freest__dis,. ,,.~ nn ,.( irt.... thn:~ugh b.r&Dch .,Dd
and P~ny m~in£& , the Party pr-..
conventioru.. referft.duni., repce nl~ativc bodin and other medium:& to;
full. uchanco cit opinioru and'
IC'Dtiments ; and
Wht1'eas. in violation of .the api.rit of
the constitution, an organization call;.ng itw:lf the Left Wing ~ecrion of the
Socia li ~t Party . ha" .been formed,
cndC'avori n ~ to force the Pahy to bllt~
cenain po&itionl wi~hout making ~of
the ezi ~ti ng chl!!nnels, thereby divcning its energies and funds and P.nlyz
ing its activiti(&, t.hcrefol"t be""it
. Re~lved, that the New York Sutr
Committee of the \ Socialiat Party is
de-finitely oppose~') ·to the organintioJi
calling_ itself d :e IA:ft Wing ~oeetion of
th.e' Sc-cil l i~t J;'2rty, ~ :1d to an'crc o:p
wt!bin the' Puny o rganized of tile same
or similur pul"p')sc ': and be it h"rrth~r
Re11o!'·<'d, that the State Commin~e '
instTuc:s i" executive conur.ittee to
Trvoke Jhe ch;,rter of any loci!!:l th:n ·
affi!iate5 with l!.nJ' &uc.h urganlzation
« that pertnitJI ita subdivi'.Jon.s or
mem~crs to be alrilbted.
the
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t~pJ tttd.. th:H J :1 ilr.Y ,!L.f'.l 1•:cd it. n ·n· ( '.'t•r
tktre ' is: nttw oo G;ert . f~ . Ootill - th;· ...
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"'''rker.s ,.u .accompl i!!.hd :J
ho nrger.it: pn:" rt•ports
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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New York Communist, 1919-04-19
Subject
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Socialism -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1919-04-19
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MicFilm HX1 .N35
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-NewYorkCommunist_v01n01_19190419
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2018-08-13
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n01
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8 p.
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United States
New York
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
New York Communist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ce80276de2e85d9c79cc85ba875810a1.pdf
d18bf719da718347b05e085595d61f84
PDF Text
Text
J
. September, 1914
·
Voi. 2,
.~().
S
·
Te~
cent
-The Western-Comrade ·
.WAR!
�-
'
0
The Western Comrade
2
Scene in
Specialties :
Shirts,
Eagleson's
Paj&m&s,
Union Factory.
Underwear, ·
Collars,
Neckwear.
Light, Airy,
Sanitary.
Come and See the Finest Line of Fall Clothing
Ever Displayed in. Los Angeles
at Prices Satisfactory to All
During September it behooves the careful, conscientious buyer to choose his fall suit with
greater care than at most times of the year. If y<m want the most for your money
you will come up to Eagleson's, between First and Second streets, where our Inexpensive location and small running ex pe-n~es enable us to make you an actual cash savings on your suits , hats and fu rnishings. Not only during September. but at the beginning, micldle and end of the autumn season.
Because this is one of the oldest a nd largest exclusive men's stores in California
we are showing larger selections in tbe right sort of guaranteed summer fabrics, colors
and models than any other men's store on the coast. Every garment is exactly as It Is
represented.
Special values in high grade all wool suits at $13.00. $20.00.
Your comparison Is cordially invited. Under no o~llgatlon to buy.
$ 25.00.
Shirts
U n derwear
Sold direct from factory to wearer. BeIng manufacttirers enables us to eliminate the retail and jobbers' profit and
give you regular
$1.50 qualities for ............ ........................$1.00
$2.00 qualities for ....................................$1.50
All makes, styles and coloPs. Over 200
different kinds to select from . Prices
from 50c tb $3.00 per garment. Much
better quality than can be had at these
prices elsewhere.
LARGE ASSORTMENT OF EXTRA TROUSERS, OVERALLS, CORDUROY
PANTS, GLOVES, SUSPENDERS, NECKWEAR, H ANDKERC HI EFS, SUIT
CASES, TRAV E LING BAGS AND TRUNKS.
MAKERS OF MEN'S WEAR
EAGLESON & CO.
112~ 116
So. Spring St., Los Angeles
�-
Tbe We tera Co
ra
E
BOOTSanaSH
Factory operated in connection
with LLANO DEL Rio CoLON
IDEAL FOOTWEAR!
For Ranche'rs and Outdoor Men
Men's 10-inch· boots . $6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 ....... . .. ... 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11. . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses ' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 ...... .. . 2.50
The famous Clifford Elkskin ho ar li ht t and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear thr e pair of
ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' mep.'
and children's button· or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost' indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according. to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. <). order and state whether w
shall forward by mail or express.
Address all comnnmications to Shoe Department.
~
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above 11luatratlon. Pass tape
around at lines ~lth
out drawing t ight. Give
alz usually worn.
•
Mescal Water and Land
Cotnpany
Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
�4
The Western Comrade
Legalized
, Murder: "I look 'b etter in uniform"
St. Loui o Poot-Diopatel.
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
Devoted
Political
to the Cause of the Workers
D irect Action
Co-operation
Action
VOl!. I~.
LOS ANGELES, CAL., SEPTEMBER 1, 1914
Those Who Make War:
tTIIis piCttii'P .. riginally
appear ~ tl
NUMBER 5
No, Not Us! Take Them!
in Lil-'1·:. l lt>c. H. l!lll.)
•
The 'Doom of Capitalism
W
JIATEVEH may be the outeomc of the awful
catastrophe in Europe, this much safely may
ht• p r·edicted: This is the end of monarehies. That
i · plainly written in the hook of the future. Dynast ics will crumble and empires he obliterated. Tlwre
is no power now to stop the conflagration. It is the
hour for us to act!
The tr<'mendous forces that·havr hcen set to work
for· de tr·urtion will not he curbed until the period
of exhau tion is approached or reached. Nations
of the earth face obliteration. So-called civilizatron
tand on the brink of the abyss. Humanity seems
poi ed to take the long plunge back into the darkness
of avagery! Will this be the result of the horror
into whieh tlw mad mollaJ·chs of Eur·opc have
plunged the nations?
That would he the rxt rcmc pessimistic view. 'l'he
other view would be that out of all this Saturnalia
of murder· and lust for blood will come a rebirth of
a grrat nation; of a Pnited Europ~ where there will
hP no monarchies and no capitalil,'lm; no pietistic
t'Zars nor mad kaisers; no bloodsucking nobility nor
parasitical exploiters.
This is the viP.w we must take, or lose all hope
for the future. That humanity should settle back
into the position of again permitting a few monarchs, maddened by the rising tide of the popular
demand for demol.'racy, to plunge millions of peo-
�6
The Western Comrade
pie into the horrors of collective murder
thinkable.
unions and do .your work in the ranks. The wave
of class consciousness that comes· there will be of
value to every propagandist.
• • • •
\Vork for your candidates and especially devote
One year more of peace would have witnessed
your energies toward sending fifty Socialist memt hr ushering in of the next step in evolution which
bers to the next congress._
would haY c dethroned monarchs, overturped capi.·
The hour has struck for the end of Capitalism!
talism and set free the enthralled toiling ~illions.
'fhe monster is writhing in throes of mortal
This iR not the hour to r·cgale ourselves with re- wounds! Its death is near at hand!
This is tht~ twilight of the reign of the Kingdom
grds O\'<•r· what rnight have hern . Socialists the'
of
Gold!
world O\'l~r· havt· used their utmost efforts to preMake it the dawn of the great era of Freedom!
vent war. Por years we have pleaded with the
Down with the black flag of murderous Capiworking class to arouse to the danger of the imtalism!
•
pending crash. Our call has not been in vain.
TTp with thP seadet banner of Universal BrothNot one word of our agitation has been spent in erhood.
F. E. W. .
space; not a printed page in vain. After the darknrss of this chaoR of terror, blood and sorrow we
ran see the dawn of a new day. This must be our
Jean Jaures, Martyr
hope.
0:\'IHADES and yokefellows of this man, while
At this hour the Socialists of America have a
sorrowing over his loss, may be consoled by the
most solemn duty. There is danger of this country
thought that the inspiration of his splendid example
becoming involved thr·ough the greed of capitalists
will play a wonderful part in the ultimate abolition
who are seeking to exploit the warring powers of
of war, the thing he so abhorred.
Europe hy cornering the food product. ContraJean Leon Jaures lived for peace and died for
hand carrying will he a sou rce of continuous menace.
the great principles he advocated.
Tlwrr is great danger in the amcndmffit to the
No one can measure the good he might have
shipping n~gistry laws. It will require great caution
clone had the hand of the assassin-militarism's
to avoid a clash if thr war is carried into the orient.
friend, if not agent-been stayed.
• • • •
No one can meAsure the far-r eaching effect of
his
martyrdom on the Socialists of the world.
The quickest way to ·get IH:tion now will be
The
words of this great orator will go ringing
through the tens of thousands of meeHngs to be held
through
the nations.
dUJ·ing ''Socialist week,'' beginning September 1.
The
written
pages from his brilliant pen will
Every one of the 6000 locals and their branches in
grow
in
meaning
and power.
AmPrira should have a well outlined program for
For
the
third
time within the year the Socialist
action.
cause
has
lost
a
great
com rade, b~t none of them
Go out as a great reeruiting army and hring in
has
livrd
in
vain.
50,000 additional members.
The works of Jaures, B ebel and De Leon have
Go out and get fmhscriptions for Socialist pubnot
died with them . Their lives and their deeds
lications. Put a million SocialiRts to work on an antiwill
liw as inspiration to others long after we shall
military crusade.
have
achirved thP emancipation of the workers.
Arrange for 10,000 anti-war pr~test meetings and
F. E. W .
parades on Sunday, September 6.
IS
un-
C
.Join with thr l;abor day parades of your labor • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • -
�The Western Comrade
7
Trend of the Hour
A
LL OVER the world there is a startling trend
toward State Capitalism. This is brought about
in some countries by war and in others by capitalists
who shrink from the risks incidental to the rising
tide of th e radi<'al movement. In England, with the
war as a pr·etext, or as an actual military necessity,
the government has t ken possession of the entire
system of tr·ansportation, including the bus lines.
Railways and tramways are operated primarily for
th e movement of troops and supplies, yet the public
is heing serveJ as a sort of subsidiary action; but
the service is good and there is littie complaint.
Lloyd George has definitely announced that he
will take over the entire food supply and .his cabinet
has begun to provid2 for the unemployed by building ''military roads.'' This action doubtless has
been taken to prevrnt rioting in the cities. Once
this r esponsibility is taken the government will
have gr·cat difficulty at any time it attempts to disemploy thrse thousands who will insist on being
a'lowcd to continue work.
• • • •
•
Similar action has been taken on the continent
but the censors allow very little news to trickle
through. These measures are taken in times of
war, but the most interesting phase is the reflex
action in the United States.
In the United States there is a decided movement
in tl'iis direction. The difference between the action
here and abroad is that in Europe the action is taken
for the benefit of the nation as a whole as a measure of self-preservation, not as a class measure,
and is of much benefit to the proletariat, while in
the United States the grand bourgeoise gathers and
nses its power to induce the state to take over every
1<'ntrrprise which has risks which they themselves
a rr not willing to undertake-using the national
government for their chestnut pulling and taking
advantage of the panicy state to ca~se the government to repeal measure after measure, such as currency laws and restrictions on registration under
the American flag.
Our gold reserve is to be given over to the foreign ba1;1lters !)f ew York iii order that it may be
l<;mned by th-ein at usurous rates to hard pressed
European powers w:hile the United States is to be
flooded with paper currency which, by every law of
the money· f~nction, is bound rapidly to depx:eciate.
•• • • •
The govet·nment has established the principle
that thp national funds are to be used for advancing a.ctual currency to the' capitalists burdened with
an unsalable pr.o duct. Cotton brokers will take their
warehouse certificates to the government and, in
accordance with the bill before Congress, they will
receive 75 per cent of the face value of the certificates in federal treasury notes. There is vno limit
to where this precedent may lead. The national
govPrnment will help out the bourgeoise while labor
sees the price of foodstuff and other commodities
soaring upward.
~
...
Another benevolent bill that is calculated to protee;t the timid capita,list is the proposition of the
United States gnvernment to build thirty large transports to carry commodities to Europe or on other
routes that are dangerous. The bourgeoise shrin~
from the risk of ownership but will ship goods if
the government will take all risks and provide the
insurRnr.e on the eargo.• The government will carry
capitalists' goods in government ships backed by
government insurance-we may be sure the freight
and insurance rates will be "all right."
While this is going on the sugar trust has 'doubled the price on sugar; the meat trust has made a
hold gr·ah for the last dollar of the consumer and all
other exploiters are shoving prices up to famine
figures.
:F'ood trusts are taking steps toward cornering .
all the necessities of life and they will not only hold
up th e American people but they will hold· the peopl e of Europe at their mercy.
The counter move comes from the people of all
classes
against the merciless greed of capitalism and
AI
�The Western Comrade
8
a drmand on the government that the food supply
hu tak en ove r· and that distributing stations be
<·stahlishl'd. This movPment has tak en definite fo rm
on th e J'ac·ific· Coast and meetings are being held
and str•ps takc'll toward bombarding President- Wilson with dc·marHls for imrnediatr. action.
At a l'ashionald e woman 's clu-b
Los Angeles
a rf'solutiou that "·as l'Xtn·mely r evolutionary in
wording " ·as adopted and ci1gel'ly signed by hundn·ds of " ·onlc'll ol' th<> hourho11 typ e. (fhis r esolution Sf'athirq.!iy d<·noullc·c·d t h e~ " ·inhuman ghou ls"
Kho ar·e taking advantage of tlw foreign war and
rohl,irq.! t hl' pc·oplc•. Thl' women caHed on the
f'residc· Jlt and ( 'ongress to c·sta ldish food supp ly
stat io11s. The c·nt husiasm HlllOilg t h<' women \\·as
g-n·at, t llf• c·xc·c·pt io11 hc·i11 g the ,,.i,·es of some of the
"g-houls·· \\·leo h;q>]l< 'll to he· ill thc· wh olesa le gr·cwl' I'Y
should be quick to-recognize the danger. Now is the ,,
time to agitate as never heforf.
There: is but one answer. There must be no way
station, ·no twiJight zone hctwen Capitalism and
Socialisv1.
The one solution is THE COLJ;EC'l'IVE OWNERSHIP . AND DE~10CHA'l'IC MANAGEMEN'r OF
AJJL THFf SOPRCES 01•' T;IJ;'B.-F. E. IX.' .
111
llllSi II!'SS.
\\'hilc· food st ut'fs tak<' a skyroc·kct soar, siln•r
tal\l'S a 11·ild talJoggan g lid e toward the low est figure
Ill years.
The white metal f ell [rom u2 t o 52 iu a
few days
It reatlws a point u ear·c r· its -iutt·insie
value iu the arts and crafts.
The United States mint at San Fr·arH:isco is r·eeeiving millions in silver whil e the gold reserve
steauily diminishes.
Even as th e pt·esscs are busy turning' out paper
money the gold s upply is melting away. As rapid ly
as the collateral (gold ) behind this printed cu n eney
disappeat·s the value and stability of the greenbacks
is bound to depreciate. · This is incvitahlr..
Th e hankers live on from day to day in the hope
1 that the p eopl e will continue to slumber. They see
littl e gro nnds to fear th e DOLLAR STRIKE. They
are serene in the belief labor will not awaken to its
powe-r. To them thr. DOLlJ.AR S'l'RIKE is as r emot e
as- war in Europe sf'erned a f ew weeks ago.
The trend toward state capitalism is the most
serious menace Socialists haw had to face: (!'hey
MAKE WAR ON WAR!
HAT th er e is dang-er of thc~ United States hecomin g embroiled in the wat· that is now· dr~
vastating Eur·op~ is not douhtf'd by those who have
studi ed th e situation.
The action of Congress in passinj:! th e hill to rxtend .American r egistry to foreign -lmilt ships is
frau~ht. wiUi great danger·.
Capitalism in ,\mcri<·a homharded Congress with
dPnumd for this act ion . Th e clam or for forrign
mark ets has gr'O\\·n to h e a crascless din. Exploiters
of lnhor must sl'il surplus products and. poekr,t surpins pr·ofits whil e wa_g<'s nr·c k<'pt so low that Amcril'lHl lahor cannot buy enough of tlw prouucts of its
toil to dPel'ntly ('lotht> and feed itself.
· :'lleanwhil c Capitalism abroad vi ews with considerable consternation t his move to gohhl c the mnr·l,f'ts of South Am erica and other countries.
England is muttcr·ing that it is a German subt erfuj:!e and points to the histo ric fac ts wh ere the
Tcntons played the sa•ne trick during the FrancoPI'Ussian war in 1870. German ships were then registered under thr Br·itish flag and th e Fr·cneh cruiser s
sought in vain for a Gcrn1an merchantman. At the
rnd of th e war the British flag was lowered and the
German flag reappea1·ed on the seas . .
England says the Germans arc eager to involve
Am eri ca in war. German diplomats made a shrewd
attempt to grt the Unitrd States to meddle with the
Japanese-Chinese situation. B etween th e greed of
Capitalism of Europe a nd Capitalism of Am erica ·
there is danger of a world war.
Now is tlw tim e for peaee propaganda and Soeialists should overlook no opportunity to make war on
war a nd war on bloody-handed Capitalism that
bReeds war.-F. E. W.
T
o•OfAI&O:aJIIOE!O
1
�The Western Comrade
9
War to Prevent Socialism
By FRANK E. WOLFE
UMBER of persons who were present
strength almost from the inception of the terrorist ·
movement.
.,at a meeting of the Intercollegiate So. . The throne of -almost every ruler in Europe was
cialist Society when there was a general:
in jeopardy. Election after election in Germany
discussion of the causes and probable out~
an~ France and England showed that the So·cialists were gaining-and the irony of the
come of the European war, h~ve accuse!!
.~ituatio~ was that ·they steadily grew by inveighme of writing the edito.rial on thi~ sub:
mg agamst, as useless· and extravagant, the prep~
ject printed in the Los Angeles Times
rations for the international conftict which, in the
of August 4, or inferred that I must nave
opinion of Europe's statesmen, was inevitable, and
is now at hand.
·
supplied the ntat t' t'iai'.
I did not 'writ!' thP cd itor·ial. 1 did not knowingly
· The first part of the latter paragraph is almost a
supply th e mat pr·iaL
literal quotation from my talk the previous eveping,
I do not ];;now whether· tlwrc was a Times reprewith the exception that I .mentioned · the rising tide of
sentativ e prC'sent at the meeting on August 2.
.
Th e• ed itorial was hPacled "SOCIALISM AND THE
WAR JN EGROP.E. "
· It is the usual style of jou~nalese mixed with the
English language. a r ouglomerate of facts and fa·lse.hoods, hatr·cd and mali cr. It has th e appearance of
havinrr hrrn \rrit ten h,v onr who was familiar with the
facts and who 1r·ird 1o he fair h1r t whose efforts were
nullified hy some "editor " who has interjected venomous "·onls, lim·s and paragr·aphs in order to nurk e it
r omr do\\'11 to the· st~r l (' of th e senil e tyrant himself.
Aftc•r attributing Yar·ious minor and incidental
ransrs forth~ \rar·. t he· ctlitori!ll r eads:
..
The war was expected. For decades, for generations, the statesmen of the European countries
have felt that it was inevitable and have levied as
heavy taxes as the people could endure to prepare
for this struggle.
And it was the oppressive military tribute, po::;sibly more than any other one thing, that developed
in aermany, France, Englan~ Austria. and Russia
the menace of destructive Socialism. Opposition
to the military program was the ra.llying point of
the Socialists in each of those countries. The taxes
were denounced, the mandatory military service
deplored and the standing armies and established
navies execrated. * * *
It is a question that may possibly never be accurately settled as to just how large a. determin~
tive part the fear of Socialism had in causing the
rulers of Europe to cast the dice for Mars. But
France and Germany and England were actu~lly in
internal distress. The dissolution of the British
Empire, through the growth of Socialism, was predicted by calm, discerning men. Imperial Germany
was constantly straining against the me~acing
forces of those who sought to seize the government
and alter' it to the purposes of Socialism, with the
motto, '' Property Is Robbery.'' France was
equally distressed, and.the revolutionary movement
in Russia has steadily, insidiously been gaining in
(New York
War's Holy Trinity
Socialism in ltaly and said that country. would be
involved.
After wand ering aimlessly through a mo~ass o'f
false statcm:nts a~d stu~id ded_uctio,i;\tbe writer finally
returns to h1s subJect w1th the hop./fJl statement that:
War will crush out the Socialistic agitation for
a decade. The rulers and statesmen of Europe
know that, and have known it for a. long time.
California Socialists are familiar' with the crushing
out process. We have been '' cr-r-11Jshed out'' by the
· Times and other reactionary organs time and aga,in,
�10'
The Western Comrade
with the result that the agitation is stronger and more
extensive than ever before.
To give credit where it is due, I unhesitatingly assert that, to a great degree, the growth of Socialism in
California should be attributed to tlie efforts of H. G.
Otis and his newspaper.
The editorial continues:
'' * * And since opposition to the war taxes
and to the military service was the prime factor
that rallied the Socialistic following and made it a
menace, it seems apparent that, with "fla..mes of
patriotism roaring to the .winds,'' there will be ·
fewer people in Russia, England, France, Germany
or Austria desirous of promoting the program of
the Socialist Party that would have left eacl¥nation
unprepared for waor and less able .to protect itself
against the common enemy.
The rulers of Europe felt that the war between
the nations must come. They realized that unless
Socialism was checked it would soon control government. They knew that if war came Socialism
would be checked.
Here is Capitalism's confession. Rather ,than yield
to the next stP.p in evolution the exploiting class would
plunge the world into terrible, devastating wars.
The Times is serene in the confidence that the bourgeois patriotism of the middle class of America still is
responsive to the martial spirit and can be stirred by
war clamor. Does the General's dream carry him to
the P?int where he believes the working class of America will rally to the call of the capitalist class 1
Does he r ealize what it would mean at this hour
if the millions of Socialists in the United States should
become convinced· that there is nothing to be hoped
fJ>om political action as a peaceful solution of the
industr·ial and economic problems that now 'c onfront
them?
1f thosp who hold this belief are harboring a delusion it wi ll be a sad day for Capitalism when the
worl<ers aw\!J,rn to t.h c futility of their peaceful prognun.
Solidarity
By EDGCUMB PINCHON
111(!11, wo111en allCl ehildren; yon are damued in toil without gladness
H EAH 111e,
slwll be strong and serene, unslwdd ecl;
·
·
~Leu
\\'omen shall he lithe and fair, joyous in Frncdom;
The day shall be cl::ul in brief, blithesome lahor--\\TeatliPd in a garland of vitalleisu re:
Night shalf filii in violet, fold::; 011-a \\·orlcl dromH•fl in rapture;
Dawn shnll sp1·iug out of the searlct east \\'i.tl1 a shout nnd a song to a day of gladJWSs, of unspeakable adn-'nture, of lH·:lltl1y, tinp;ling- madness!
J t(']] yon. sonls, these things shall he.
•
Hear 11w, men wnJJWll and childrPJl; ,\·ou a r<· d;nmJed in toil '"ithout gladness:
The wild dr0am of yonr all-daring hour,
rl'lle sta l'l.;: demand of your unguarded soul,
rrhc ab;mdml ed silent clamor of you, tight-lippedAre the true sip:ns and tokens of That vVhieh Shall Br.
AeroRs the universe is written one great ln\Y-"Dt:mand!"
B<meat.h th e univrrse writhes one great fon·e-" Desirc!"
Set :vour demand above the unsighted stars,
Let your d<~sire outburn the infernal fires- Almie-yon 1•an do nothing.
But join your hands, you men, women and rhildren; ~-ou who are damned in toilwithout gladness; and in your FellmYship of Agony-Demand!
And there is nothing you can dream-of merry feast and glowing hearth, of beauty,
splendor, grace, of mirthful ease, ~f dignit.~r of soul, of power, of radiant myrinds all absorbed in the entrancement. of sclf-cho::;en tasks- nothing that is
not yours.
I tell you, souls, these things shall be.
�The Western Comrade
Slaughter
11
By Job Harriman
AR, carnage, de~th, destruction, blood- r---~- !1:::::: "!""-----------------.
shed, brutality, hunger, starvation, these
are the ripe fruits of capitalism. \Vhat
a terrible crop Europe is gathering!
Crowned heads! High Financiers!
Big business men! Gho).lls, vultures,
ever·y one: Look at your bloody t':r:ail.
!::lee the widows and the fatherless! They
are of your rna king! Will you feed them ?
You robbed their father·s while yet alive. \¥ill you
dothe them 'I
You have tlriv,•u t hl'ir husbands into the field of
carnage. Will you house them ?
1\o. You will sink your vulturous
tender and lJroken hearts · aud suck their blood wi1ile
tht·y m·r at the wh cf'l in your· factories.
You will lmild up for·tunes, by robbing these
lt·ss \Yitlows and ehildrcn as you robbed their fa
and husbands.
You have no ht'art, no sympathy, no feeling
human kindness. Your fortunes make you cruel. Y
huild navies and implements for human butchet·y
protect your fortun es. You skulk away to your pal
aces while your machine of bayonets, of dynamite, of
shr·apncl and cannon fort:es the poor from where you
Whom the Gods Would
fil ched your fortune to protect y.our· glitter·ing gold :md
diamonds.
Your greed keeps pact• with your wealth. Your are here in our midst. Your hearts rejoice at the bloodhearts. are h ardt~ned as ~' OIIr power multiplies. Your shed in Etu·ope while, with t he satanic gt·in you raise
hr·ains are scarrd with your grmYing ambition. Your the JWi(:e of food in a glutted market. You rejoice
c·onquests at honH' ll'arls you to war with your neigh. o\·er· the war· because the destruction of property and
hor. Familiar with thr sight of th e starving poor in food will cr<*ttc a temporary demand for your goods.
You lau g h as you build your fortunes on the caryour own factoric's, yon ar't! able to look with glee upon
the ficlc1 of carnage if only your; arms arc victorious. f'asses of man. You gt·in and clutch your diamonds as
you hear the hones of men crushed under the weight
To he sbot dead for you, is to he forgotten by you.
of your gold. You pay your preacher to pray for you
.\~Vhat a chasm hrtwccn Christ and the "fighting
JJord!" The worst hell that Jesus Christ could im- and to bless this hellish prosperity.
You are building you,. armies and your navies. You
agin e is a glorio)Js paradise hy the side of the butchery
can plunge them into war, but you cannot stop them
and carnage now raging in Christian Europe.
Christian Europe ~ What a comment on the teach- after the war is over. The F'rench revolution rolled on
ing of that gentle soul. What effect have they had on lik e a g reat tidal wave for a quarter of a"century. The
army had spent its force but the soul of the people of
the hearts and the minds of the rich 1
Oh, you money changers and money getter!l, your France went marching on.
The military machine of the warring nations, numbanks and your cathedrals are dens of thieves. Their
gilded walls cannot hide your iniquities. Your daily bering some 20,000,000 men, is exhausting itself while
crimes are heard in the roar and seen in the glare of the souls of three hundred million are revolting at the
every cannon shot. You may hide your guil! for. a butchery and unconsciously preparing for a change.
time, but the wars you engender tell the story of your The reaction will come. The crowned heads and their
thrones will soon be among the relics of the past. 'rhe
unconscionable greed.
You and your kind dwell _in every country. You ambitious will be shelved and forgotten. The high
P.!!!!!!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!W
�12
The Western Comrade
noancit~r
, ·tire gettt•r of money and the power that
goeJS with it, the land pirate , will ~e relegated to stand
Japan declaration of war is
in history with the pirate of the ea.
eren<~e
to the grace of heaven. '
'1'he powerful in the ne": ~rder will be those who
will
be
an invocation to God to
serv<' mankind, while those who rob or try to rob either
troop
.
The jumble of prayer to variou god impl rhy hand, hy <·onniva_Jtce .or by word of mouth will be
ing
aid
in
whol ale murder i minal d with th · ur
y·ctired to the asylum and soon forgotten.
.
of
~he
struggling
the briek of the wound d th
JJOV<' and hrothr·rly kindness wilr arise out of this
·
moan
of
the
dying
and the wails of the widowed.
wor·!d cataclysm and thrive in this world of plenty.
.
The
greed
of
a
pi
tali m end ountle thou and
This age of savagery with its horrors of 'ar will
to untimely death.
ow i the time to make war on
!H! a J:wdm:n·k of the gr·catcst change in ·the ]jfe of the
war!
humnn rac·e.
Slams at Sophi t
Cmuching t H'Y (·ling .like VCJ'min to the earth
And with t 1H:-ir _hleeding fingers scrape the earth
But for a littl e dust, tlieir sustenance,
.A little dnRt mixed with t he sweat of brow,
Th e blood of fin gers anc' the t ear·s of pain.
"J'i s not for them 1"h e sun shines glor·iously,
'l'li e fl mv,!r·s hloorn , the fruit ·hangs on the tt·ee, .
'Tis not for thrm the birds and poets sin g,
Or lovely women smil e.
'J'hc·y !r ave to i ' !'Otii' IJ and 1·lin ~ nnd S\n•at and scrape
nut for U )itt) p du st- th eir SUst r nllnCe.
-Adolf ·wolff.
:-;o<'lr\L l'H OO HESS
In da.vs of old . so we 'ye been told,
Till' stroll!{ Ill an ruled th e ~·liffs ;
lT1! t ook a cluh to any duh
:-;ans wh er·cfor·es, huts or if's,
.\nd th r.• n t ook of the weak er 's wealth
·w hatever· hr thought right ;
Ht• did this whiiP he k ept his hra lth,
Rnt aftr r th!lt-good night!
\
Hut motlr nr <lays ha \'e modr t·n ways
To t ul'l1 th e primal tr·ick ;
Th e smallest shrimp, whose grip is limp,
~ray s\ving the biggest st ick ;
And str·ong men ..,.Jadly work fo r him
For part of what is their·s,
And t hen when d eath has don ed his glim
K p working for the heirs.
,. -By · Rex Lampnian.
. Th e fai lure of t!w H. B. Claflin who! ale drygood,
house o~ ~ew York is officially attribttted to tb upto.wn movement, to the fact women hav abandon d
p etticoat ,. the elimination of the middleman, a faplty
system of finan r iug, the new curre~cy . law and the
polici~s of the Wilson administ ration. If th y nc cl
any.more reasons they might. tack on the· spots' in the
su.n , the "j uxtaposition of .Jupiter and Mar , the jcrkJness of the hydt•ostatic paradox and the fai l'ure of the
p eg crop in Timbuctoo.
H er e's the constitution trampled" on again! '!'hat
''inalienable" right that guards us against "cruel and
unusual punishment" has been alienated in Colorado.
"Lieutenant" Linder felt, of Rockefeller 's militia, who
commanded th e br:we soldiers who shot, bayon etted
and burned to death nin et een persons, has been r·educed "five fil es in th e ranks."
Samu el G. ,Blythe, writin g fo r t he Satu rdny Even ing
Post on the politicnl situation in California, mentions
" John \V. Fredericks " as candidate for govern OJ'. W
thought h e Jll eant John D., but later in th e a rticle t he
writer says, " Fredericks is a popular man and a good
lawyer. " \Yho ca n this be1
In the face ·of 1he n wful r esults of g reat armam · nt
and the tenific toll death is taking and the inevitable
hurden upon mankind fo r· centuries, Hearst is shouting·
for the establishment of a navy twic_e the size of any
othr r· powr r. Ht' says this would cost the "dear.
moth rrland .. . only !f;;mo,ooo,ooo a year!
Gf't out anti work for the EIGHT-HO R LAW in
Ca li fornin , Oregon and Wash ington. Don 't let H enry
Duhh sleep. Prod him into actlvity.
Th{' etn·toou on the CO\'er page of this \\ estem
mrnde wns reproduced from the Appeal to ~ eason.
'l'lw clrnwing was made hy Ryan Walker.
·
'1 h ~> time wn ' neY<'r h€tter to educate the workers.
Agitate and edu<'ate. Thi i Red Week.
1 rge npou ner.v working man and woman the neof rrgistf'ring in order to start the big strike
Nov. :t
t·t>s it~r
llu. tie for the Eight-Hour Day.
�The Western Comrade
13
Sentenced For Deat-h!
By WILLOUGHBY SMART
HE AVERAGE American Citizen, with all
T~
his hifalutin' spread-eagleism is entirely
devoid of anything like true appreciation
of the preciousness of human libertynow, don't get · ~xcited, I kn<;>w all about
~
those Fourth of July orations over which
you get so " het-up " -they deal with
glorious (and meaningless) abstractions ;
and it is the beauty of abstra~tions that, however rationa lly ridiculous they may be, they are rated
academic and respectable.
But when it comes to the concret e-! might say t he
mud of life's realities-when some poor down-andouter or some undistin guish ed 'rom, Dick or Harry of
t he common highway commits or is alleged to have
committed, some breach of the law, does your nice
sense of value, in human liberty, r ender you sensitive ·
to the d egree of seve rity of the punative methods applied to th e case?
Do you so much as tum a (mot'3l ) hair or fancy you
see the Statue of Lib erty sm ile when a local judge sentencrs some poor scantp to fiv e years in a peniteutiary
for a sixty-day oft'ense ~
Do you deem t he nam e of Freedom scandalized
when a first offe~der (an old army veteran with a
blameless past, who makes a clran breast right away)
is sent up fo r fifteen years for a deed of highway r obhr ry to which he was prompted, if not absolutely driven,
hy downright destitution 1
Docs yolll' blood boil wh en a smug, round-belli ed
police court judge sentences unemployed men to one
and t \vo (not weeks, but ) years apiece for holding a
meetin g to prot rst against hun ger ori Christmas daythat onr day in th e y ear when all th e world else is
!'Pasting-men whose only fault was that they grew
angry, as thry were hung1·y, when the police broke up
their peaceful and ord erly meeting ? Nary a boil, nary
a simm er!
You r ea d th e JJ ewspaper account of how a callous,
<l e~mm a ni r.r d judicial jackanapes sentences some poor··
devil for that diaboli cally and dishonestly indefinite
oft'r nse of "vagrancy " -which as it affects a given 'individual ma~r mra n simply that he was poor and the
f'O p "didn 't lik e his fa ce," and you pass it by unmoved.
Pntil it actwdly strikes th e average American-~h e
ra n n ever he made to see that it is HIS concern.
In th e beautiful City of th e Angels there are innumerable cases of t hese judicial outrages and n ever a
rippl e on the placid surfa ce, here ~vn ere familyJov e and
all gentle virtues of civilized life are supposed to be
c ultiYat~d·.
: FIVE YEARS for stealing a cheap watch. . (Of
course. t 4ere was the· usual "bad record''' -proven
false only 'after sentence had been passed, .and sentence
never was changed.)
~~VEN YEARS for the ·theft of a cll.eap tiepin·.
(First offen,se of a man who had spent a . lifetime at
hard, useftlll!tbor and who had been debauched by state
sanctioned sale of.poison. )
. TEN YEAR'S each for two who stole $80. (A lawye~
friend of the Judge defei;J.ded this sentence . by citing
the men 'I\ '' tough looks.'')
FOUR'rEEN YEARS for being room-mate of tt
sneak , thief who shot an officer.
FIFTY YEARS for a youth who took part m a
hold-up.
FIFTEEN YEARS for the theft of a pair of eyeglasses. (This judge deplored the "force and violence"
t hat had been used! )
ONE YEAR for a man who had spoken at a public
meeting of th e unemployed at which a riot had been
precipitated oy the officiousn ess of the police, though it
was admitted the man was. not in the n eighborhood
when the riot occurred.
'l' hese cases might be indefinitely added to.
Most of these judges are candidates for r e-election.
A young man was r ecently arrest ed on a charge of .
vagrancy. The arresting "peace officer " swore the
youth was a dope fi end and that he wouldn 't work. He
was imprisoned three days and though the judge threw
the case out of court he would not permit the attorney
fo r th e hoy 's defense to cross-question the officers and
brin g out the fact· that p erjury had been committed.
Loss of employm ent, disgrace and humiliation of imprisonment wer e not considered. The judge protected
the officers who had worked out a p ersonal grudge and
there was no r edress. It all ended when the judge
said "the case is closed-the man 's discharged!"
And thi s fat, fatuous and unctious· one ·is also a
candidat e for a higher position and probably will be
r lcct cd ; which makes us want to add a few expletives
to Puck's observation that humanity was composed
largely of long-eareil, mouse-colored jackasses, or words
to that effect.
Get some names on th e dotted line of the application ca1·d. Th en take their one dollar subscription to
the ·w estern Comrade for one year.
�T be W estern ,. om r a d ·e
14
Co-operation and the Labor Movement
By WALTER THOMAS MILLS
~~~~~
HEHE is very little labor that is altogeth er individual in its character. Most
of the work of the workers is devoted to
1
·~
the produetion . of some article which
othcr·s use, or to the doing of some service in the hcnefits of wffich others shar.e.
_
Labor· in<:ludes all classes .:Of work,
wltdhpr· in producing a com~odity, a
a far111er pr·odu'.~<·s wl11•at, or rendering a ser>vice, as a
physi<·ian lrf•:ds a wound. Jn all sl.'lch labor. it is not
only 1nrt· 1hat th e JH!l'so ns who use the wheat, or whose
wounds ar<• lrl'n lPtl, :II'<' <li"rcdly concerned, hut it is
:rlso tru<· that in most wo rk rwn·c than the single worker
:s f!ll gHgerl in doin g the work . . The far·m equipment,
not prodw·<·d hy tir e f:ll'lner, and the hospital and its
stair, as \\'I'l l as tlrP plrysiei an, a re a ls~ essentia l to the
work in hnnd. ll<·rH·<!. prad icnlly all Ia bot· is collective
in its cltarad•! t'.
,fust hrcausr: oft l11• •·oll<•t t i \'{: eharacler of most labor
the promotion of th e illter<·sts of' labor must be a collective movement, not nrrn:ly an individual undertaking.
Labor· cannot l• r <lo11c witho11t or~anization. Neither
ean tire int<'l'l'Sts of lnhor· he rr·omotcd without or·ganization
Labor· whie h 111ay }), ~ said to he entirely individual
in its chaeaeter·, I ii«~ a man wa s hing his own hands
for purpos'r s or Iris own eomfort, may Le sa id to be
srlf-employecl. fn such case it may also he said tbat
Ir e f''.'tS th<' \\'hole p1·oduct or ad\'antage of his lahor.
rr (•ollccti VC labor wer e H lso self-employed, as the So(•ialists wish, thcr1 there would fall to those who do
t he work the whole benefit 'Of collective labor, just be<'llllSC th en the wod<rr·s would be th e. only claimnnts
to he consid('t·cd .
T
'l'lr rxploitation of labor r ests on the control of the
upportnnities to labor hy others than the laborers th ern<:> lvcs. 'rhis is accomplished by making the ownership
of the products of labor fall not to the workers, hut
inst~d. to the owners of the opportunities to labor.
'l'his •ontrol of opportunities, through the private owner hip by 11 part of th e people of the things used by
a li of thC? people, exten ds to natw-al resources, to all
materials, to tools, shops, warehouses, railways, banks
and store . The workers are so completely hedged
about that their only chance to live is to ~ell the.ir
htbor for such wages as they can get and buy their
living nt su h priee as th y are obliged t o pay.
Those who thus monopolize all the opportunities to
r nd r ervice a ume the right because they have
the power to name the wages when labor is sold and
to fix the pri~es when the laborers buy back the products of their own toil. It is by keeping down wages
and.: pushing up t.hC? seiling prices of the means by
whi~h the worket·s live that those who render no necessary service are ahle to tali: ~ to 'themselves the larger
share of all thC? results of human toil. Never in the
life of the race was it possible to produce so much with
so litti~ expenditure of human energy as now. Never
was labor able to buy so small a share of its total products as .now.
Imm ed iately, the labor movement is a collective battle for better wages, when labor is sold, an~ for lower
prices ·\dt C?lJ. labor buy. its br·ead. Ultimately, the labor
movemen t is for t he co-operative commonw.aalth; under
which tl.1e co-operative ownership and use of the means
by which h1;t.man serv·ice is made possible will give to
those wlro r C?nder ser·vice all Qf the advantages of the
sC?niee which they r euder. Th e great problem is how
to fi ght the immediate battle for better wages, and f or
lower prices, and at the same time hasten the coming
of the complete d·~liv crauce which can come only. by
thr final triumph of th e c o-op~mtivc or·ganization and
eo11trol of th e \\'o t·king plant of the world.
Th e collertivr fi~ht for bett er wages i. the trades
uniO!~ movem<:>Jrt., in some form.
The coll ective fight
for lower prices is the co-op eutive movement, in some
form. Tt has bern eontended that if the trades unions
do their work well no oth er lnhor movement is necessary. lt bas he0n contended that if co-operation on a
Yolnntaey basis wer·e faithfully carried out it would be
tir e r11d of tlw co;troversy. It has been contended by
some that n either of these can solve the labor problem , and sometimes it is even said that one or the other
or hoth tl1<' trades 1inion and the voluntary co-operative movements are :only half-way compromises and
tend to obstruct, to binder and so to delay the coming
of co-operation established hy law and extending its
benefits to all mankind.
·
But the advant~ges of the co-operative commonwealth r.annot he cnjoy<'d in advance of its coming.
The advancing army must live while on the march. The
economic foundations cannot be escaped from, not
even by those who contend most earnestly for the doctrine of economic determinism. It is not the economic
foundations ~s they will be, hut as they are, which
must condition our battle for the new foundations
as they ought to be. It is impossible to live on the
fruits of the harYest during the season of planting and
culture. Neither the planters nor the harvesters can
�Th~
Western Comrade
be fed from the harvest itself. They must be provided
for by that which has gone hefore.
Socialism offers to the w orkers the greatest economic
prize ever offered to lalwr. Bn~ the Socialists cam1ut
live on the prize itself while they are still striving to
get the prize. They must live under economic injustice while striYing for deliverance. HENCE THE
REAL PROBLEM IS HO\V TO IMPROVE THE CONDITIONS OF LIVING UNDER 'rHE OLD SYSTEM
WHJT~E BUILDlNG THE NEW.
This c.an )Je done
Olll.v by CO lJ <:'Cti\'C adion of SOI11~ sort and collective
:tdiou in this fi eld of any so1·t is either a trades 1:y1ion
or :1 ,·o!11ntary co-ope1·ativt> 1110\'emcnt of some _s ort. ·
l,; it not. then, perfedly clear that the economic
foundat ion, not for So!·ialism , but i"or thl-' fight for
So<·ia li slll, is 1o h<· round in 1he 1Tadps union and in
\'Oi!ltt1nr-.v <·O-OJW1"11ti\'<' utH.ll'rtaking~. In Europe and
in Cn•:>t llritaiu, tirP t'< ·ono!l it: ndnllltag·<'S of the trades
1111ions and th!' ('O·O]l<'J"ati\'<' IIJHi ertnl,in gs ar·c th e mor>t
Yit al :~ncl the most powPrl'ui of nil ti11: forces ·.~·hielt
ar< · i:astPni ng tiH· eorninl! of ~O<·iaij sm. lu those Ci)Unt riPs for l',·p r·.v JH ' JIIJ~' paid to the Socialist organiza-·
tioJ:~;, the nwn makillg th e paylllt'nl ca n at once s•~e a
dozeu penni es eoming his way, not after Socialism has
h<·Pn won, but at once and as an additional equipment
i11 th e h;-dtle fo r Roeialism .
In the snmr way no one works YCJ'Y long either as
:1 traLle unionist or as a co-oJwrator without discovering
that thP worst foe of eith er is the politica l power in t he
hands of the enemies of both . Ne-i th er does one go very
far without diseovering that the final of a ll co-operatiYc organization must he t he activity of the state its!'~[ in the organizatior : and managentt·nt of the great
social service, ineludin g all those enterprises which
must he great privatE> monopolies to r·oh you if they are
Jtot made gr·cat public enterprises to S<'rve you instead.
That ·means that the outcome of both the tJ·<tdes union
and of t he voluntar·y co-operative r'n ovem ents must he
political action by <tnd in hehalf of labor.
These tlli"Cl' Jines o: aetion eannot he r·casonahly }IUt
into ·~ ompctition witl .,,,Jt other. ;l'hey must he allies,
not foes. Th e trnd•~s unions <llld the co-operat ive movements must make the immediate fight for a better
chance in life, whilf' the old order remains, but this ·
fight must be made in a way that it will hasten t he
final triumph, not delay it. The fa ilures in these un. dertakiugs are t he failures of_. labor. Disowning· th e
failures does not hasten success, and r efusing to try
lest one shall fail is to admit ineapacity for the larger
tasks ·which labor must undertake if delivet·anr,.e is
ever to be achi~ved.
Neither the t ra<les unions nor the co-operative undertakings can succeed without leading directly to political action in behalf of•the propO!;als of the Social-,
15
ists. And the Soeialists cannot carry on. their war successfully without an immediate pragram under which
the workers for. Aocialism sha.ll be · able to secure important economic advantages without waiting for the
kingdom come. Besides, that immediate program must
be a training and 3: preparation for the responsibilities
of the new order of things. Every achievement in
e_ither;·the unions or in co-operative effort makes the
'\! orkers tronger in the hattie and wins confidence in
them -elves and confidence in each other as nothing
else can possibly do.
Tho e who· ·cannot manage a co-opera~ive store, or
fac.t ory, or farm may well hesitate before undertaking
the mana ement of tl! e co-oper ative · commonwealth.
Those who. 1av succeeded in such undertakings cannot .be k ept from struggling after each higher task as
tlwy· have attainrd thr mast er·y over --each small~r
kingdom .
Th e s,ITl'llf!tlr of 1he ~oeialist movement elsewhere
is in its sense or power· gained in its tl~ades 'union and
co-oper·atiY·r rnoYements. 'l'h e solidarity of t~e labor
organizations in :ill of Europe is the foundation of
their marvelous achievements at the ballot box. What
they havr already aeeomplisl1cd in behalf of labor in
their own shops, stores, factories and farms has revealed to th em as nothing else could do what a world
of peace, of wealth, of universal education, of social
joy, of. high and i10ly character they might establish
if tl.1e. cxploitPr cou ld he excluded and the power and
resonrces of the st·ate made available for the common
good
All thP workers ·must be gotten into the unions and
the unions got together. The tremendous purchasing power of the wo~kers must he combined and used
in their own behalf. Co-operation under which the produc<'r ~mel th e c0nsumer shall he brought close. tog<'ther· until w~tstP and rxploitation shall be excluded
from the problem, must be advanced, but not as a
suhstitntr fo1· Socialism. So far as they can l;le establish('(1 , Roc-iali<>tn \viii he established. When voluntary
·1ction can do no more; then the experience ·and the
powrr \\il! have !wen attained to take over the state
itsrlf.
California should start a campaign ~t once to get
50,000 members .of the Socialist party. It can be done
if the economic power of the workers can be interested to make the workers stand together when they
sell their labor, and when they buy their living, and
when they· use the power of their citizenship, and to
use it in their own behalf.
0
This is Socialist week. Two il{lportant duties are
before you-get some n ew party members and get some
subs for Socialist publications.
Do it now!
�The Western ComrtJ d e
16
Nature Leads Man
1
Scientist
Tells How ·Natural Laws of Chemistry and Mechani
,
·' ..
r.~
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\ GES AGO when · th e world was. young
and till' nile of old Sabre ToQth, the
tiger, was undisputed throtig~but the
<'alifomia jungles, that section of the
~tatr whi,·h is llQ\\' known as the Antelop'· Yalll'.v was a fertile and wellwat r· red plain covered with forests
and dotted with lakes. On the west
:111d south a range of low hills S(•par·ated it from the
s(':t i!nd \\'as th<· hirthplael~ of the numer·ous brooks
and riYPI'S that fiowrcl away eastward toward the
( 'oloraclo.
With tllf• slow passing of th e '·entur·ies gr eat changes
c·:tJIH '.
'J'(•rTihle ''ar·thquakt·s s hook tlw ent ire wpst. ·as
thP r·ock strata
which had long
been slowly bending b r. g a u to
br·enk, so that
what had for·merly
been
lo>1 hills
w er e flung up in
great masses of
rocks, becoming
mountains
from
7,000 to 10,000
\
feet in elevation .
These high ranges
intercepted t h e
moist b r e e z r. s
which had formerly given birth to
tropical
jungles
and combined with
other more ob-se-nre c l i m at i c
changes
eau ed
W. SCOTT LEWIS
the rainfail to
!!r·adunlly dimiuish . Till' for·ests died. The vegetation
IH•(·anw seanty and took on a desert character. The
Pntir·p land RPPmNl drHd. hut in reality it was only
sh·cpinrr, nncl just as n per. on during sleep gains in
st r·ength so during the long ages that these plains lay
m
s.>l
By W. S
nppar·e11tly barr-en th ey wer e in reality coTJ.stantly gaining iri fertjlity.
·
It is a ;·well-kn9wn fact that in all regions of l~eavy
rainfall the very p st soil is eonstantly being washed
away into the sea. So· great is the financial loss re. ulting from such erosion that. for the United States
it is rstimated to be equal to the entire land . tax of
the · natlon~ In.<;pnrsrly wat ered regions th~re is none
of this loss and the finer and richer elements are ·retairwd with. the coarser . particles. This explains the
gn·at soil fer·tili.ty so often found in desert regions.
P icking Pears at Ranch No. 3
In order that a soil may produce large crops continuously without heavy fertil ization it is necessary
that it contain large amounts of certain chemical substances and only small amounts of some others. As
the soil of a desert region, not subject to overflow, can
only be derived from . the decomposition of the su rrounding rocks, it is possible, by studying the geology
and min eralogy of a region, to derive a pretty good
idea as to the. per manent fertility of the soil, also as
to its impoi·tant physicnl Pharacteristics, the ease with
which it can be worked.
.6
'fhc mountains back of Llano del Rio are composed
almost ent irely of granite which is gradually crumbling
under th e action of the winter frosts and the frequent
rains. Th e r esulting dehr·is is carried out and deposited '
upon the plain helow hy the wint er storm waters. This
�The Western Comrade
•
tn
17
Vast Co-operation
for Untold Ages Have Wrought Miracles With Land and
tt
S~il
Lewis
X
The great al
fresco bedroom at
Ranch No. 1
(Goodmans )
whPre ahout forty
pcr·sons slept for
months beneath
the stars.
Thr climate is
r>qua hle and
balmy.
X
proc·rss t·ontinuing for tens of ccntUJ' ies has gr·ad ually
huiJt up a gently slopi11g mesa, extend ing downwanl
from the base of the r·ange to the general h•\'t>l of
the desert. The lands upon which t hP Llano Colony is
s.itnatPd arr upon th <· upp rr part of this slope, wh en•
1 hr soil i. of gr<>at dc·pth and of that degree of finerH·ss
most d<>sit'l'd h:"~' agrif'nlturists.
Onl' of the most impor·tant fertilizing clrments is
potash and if this is h~t·king fr·om the soil it can only
lit> snpplil'd at gr·pnt rxpPn~<r. ::l' lwre sePms to h e no
quc•stion hut \\'hat tiH·Sl' lands Hl'l' \\·c· ll supplied with
this frl'tili7t>J' as thr gr·Hnitr of thr rPgion is especially
r·i<·h in th<' potash-hrar·in1! min rral orthorlase, carr·yj,ng
in soml' east's H" hi1,.d: as 1:1'/r potash.
No pra<'li<·al mPthod has yPI heen disrO\'l'rNl for·
sc•par·at ing thl· pot a. h r•onstit.urnt from the othPJ' PlemPnl s. a It hough t ht> goYPrnmtmt is offering en~ry en-
<·our·agl'llll'lll to l'X]Wriml·nts along these lines, and it
now srt•ms prohahle that electrolysis ultimately will
sol\'t' tht• prohll'm But what man has not yet been
HhJ,. to do on a c·ommc•rC'ial scale nature has been doing
in h<'t' own slow way for ages and by decomposing the
nw ks and rel easi n~ t he• potash has constantly added
to thP ft•r·tility o[ thP soil.
It is of intcrPst to note that a ' specimen of clay
front a playa out on the plain shows 3.4% available
potash. This a<·c·wntdat ion can only 'take place through
a gradual c·O!H·r ntration .fr·om the water which during
hl'a\·y \rinter rains hr,s lt>al'hed through the porous
fert ilt• soil hi~?ht·r· up.
Tlu·r·p arr pln<·Ps in thr Antrlope Valh'y where
g-yp~11111 O<·<·urs in s11<·h a quantity that tht' soil has
t·ome to partake of the· eharal'tcrs of plaster· of paris,
hPill!-" almost Hsi'IPss for agril' ultHral pnrposrs. This
�18
The Western Comrade
mineral does not occur at I.1lano del Rio and neither who have spent money in development work have apdoes ''alkali,'' the soil being entirely free from any parently failtd to realize that an ounce of copper will
· stain an enormous quantity of rock. Gold is without
injurious element.
On the hills to the south, and very easy of access, question present in a trace everywhere in the soil, but
there is an immcnsP deposit of lim estone~ In one place in general it is safe to say that practically all of the
kilns wcr<' eonstrw·tNI and considerable cement manu- mining operation!< m the Antelope Valley will be confadurl'd hi•forP th<· lands W<'l'<' taken ove r by the presPot 'eompany, but a mu t h lwttei' outci·opping has now
he<·n found a littl<· distancr hom this point that will
not only rnal((· a IH"tl1·r t·entent, hut will be still easier
of a<·e<·ss . Tht·n · SP<·Ilt s to he no reason why all permallPilt huildin~s <·anllot IH· c·onst rudcd in _an ahsolut<·l.v fit·t·prool' llt:trtrt<'l' at l'l'I'.V little cxpc nsr, by using
this ltotn•· produ<:t. Sut·h buildings ll'ill have tlt e Hddcrl
:td l'<llilag" ol' ht·ing- ··ool•· r· ill Slll}lllliH' and li'Hr·mrr· in
11·int• ·r t h:tll l'ntttll· st l'lll·t tll'••s.
lt is :tlso possii,J,. that a tl• ·posit of rnarhlc• will yet
IH · <kv•·lop• ·tl. as llo:il l'otltHI ill t It•· :\lt•seal C'anyon indi•·:il•·s t 1~:11 on•· ma.1· l11 · I'XfH'<·t•·.l in the l'i1·inity.
The "Hotel" SuNder's Camp. Left to Right: The .Thomas
Tl11· •·ss•·nt ial nit ~'"!.!'' ' itOIIS •·lt·llwnts o[ tiH· soil S\'ern
Brothers, Weis, Milligan and Reeslund
t11 l11· JH·•·s•·JII tl!t·ottg-hr!ll1 tit<· tr:td in a qttantity suffi•·it ·ll1 l'or _l'<":tt·s to''''"''' · 11·hil<· in tit•· PXtr:rm e easte rn fin•·d to th1· \·ol<-nni1· hills 11·hidr honlr1· it upon the
J>:tr t 111' t It•· ''"lo ll _,. l:tr11l. n<·:tr· tht· \f('sc·al dam , tlwre IIOJ'th :t JHJ 1\' ilil'h ill'•• lll'HI' ii .v lllill••l'a]iz<•d in pl::JCCS.
is :1 Jllt •s:t 1rh•·r•· t !11· soil is :tlrnost ldaek with de1·om.\11 :thundnnt 1rat1' 1' supply for the co lony is already
assrtn·d. htrt it S('('JIIS probable that a much greater suppi_,. willultirnat,·l_v hl' dcwlopcd. G.eologists r ecognize
tht· ,.xist .. nt·(· oJ' :1 gT(•:t( hr·rak , m· fault, along the north•·rn sid(· of th 1• rnngr . This npu·ks one of the places
wht·r·,. t Itt• nwk st l'ata brok e ;tt thr time the mountains
'.I'••J'l' t hi'0\\' 11 up to thc•ir present hl'ight, away back at
t lr <· h•·ginning- of the qrtnrtPrnftry prriod.
T!11·r•· nr•· r easo-ns !'or thinl<ing that a great deal
of th1· \l':ttPr tha t <·Oin rs fr·om thP m elting snows at the
~tnnrnit oft lw l'allg-e Rinks into this c revice, forming an
ttnd<·rgTnund st r·•·:nn :md possibly forming the artesian
stlpply for th1· .\ntl'loJ;r Yall<-.v . if not fo1· more distant
,.,.g-io11s. It shouhl he possibl e to find some plac e where
this f:1tr!t t·:t n l11· tapp"d 11·ith tnnnPls and a large flow
of wat ,.,. d('n·loprcl .
Tit" t·olon~' has thr adl'antal!r of drawing its water
supply from mountains suffiriently h igh to receive sumlllt·r· show(•rs. Th P damp sril breeze flowing over their
hi¥h summits is so l'hillrd that, barometric conditions
!wing fa\'OI'HhlP. thP moisture is condensed, giving
hi1·th to h ea 1·y thund<·r storms a r ound the highest
JWHks whil' h hPlp to maintain a steady flow of water
in t lw ('anyons below. Another advantage is that the
fo r ested s lopes are not covered with a growth of u n derBurning Limestone for Material Used in Concrete Construction at Llano del Rio
brush sufficirnt ly l1ra vy to make forest fir es extremely
dange rous. There is a very encouraging growth of
posed leHf mold. E n <H"mous retu ms a r e to he expected );Onng trrrs in p lacPs and plenty of timber already
grown to supply the needs of the colony for a long t ime
from p laces like t his.
I n the mou nt ain s to the south t here a r e traces of to come.
The vegetation over such parts of the colony as a r e
su ch m etals as iron and copper , bu t the fo r mation is
not fav orable t o extensive deposits of t his type. T hose not under c·ultivation is characteristic of t h e Mojave.
�The Western Comrade
'fhe most s.t riking and artistic plant is the Joshua tree,
or tree yucca. These strange objects are to be seen
on every hand and add a touch of weirdness to a landscape that is far from being monotonous. They are
especially attractive when seen by moonlight. There
is only one species of tn1e cactus growing at 'this elevation, hut it makes up in ferocity tor what it lacks in
numbers. Th e tenderfoot from the city who stumbles
Where the Carpenter Crew Made Camp in an Orchard.
Note the Flag "Fiyin.g There"
o1·er it in 1ht' dar·kness at once takes a long step toward
hecominJ.r proli1·ient in the artistic a nd expressive
lan guage of' the rc·gion.
The ,,·i](l hnel\\Yhcat is everywher e and its masses
of whit e tlo11·•·rs produce an abun~anc e of honey which
will douhtl1·ss lw utilized hy th e colony in times to
come.
EYen as lalf~ Hs August thr. desert paint brushes
add a touch of brilliant r ed to the edges of the irrigating clit chrs. a nd peduips the presence of so many Socialists in tlw Yirinity will (·ause them to bloom throughout thE' ~'<'HI' aftPr this . Up beside Big Rock Creek are
to he found magnificent speeimcns of th e prickly poppy,
a close relative of the l\fatilija.' Its p!:!tals are white
and look as if macl e of tissue paper, while the center
is a lovely gold. ]<''ortunately nature has provided it
with ample means of defense, otherwise admiring
campers would soon cause its complete extinction.
Along with it grows a magnificent evening primrose.
By day it is quite inconspicuous, but as the evening
shadows fall its great yellow flow ers burst open, transfo rming it into a thing of beauty.
The desert cottonwood ~rows with great rapidity
along the irrigating ditches and will doubtless be extensively planted, as more shade trees will be badly
needed as the colony grows.
Morning and evening the cloud effects are especially
fine, the feathery cirrus clouds in particular r eaching
a degree of development which in its d elicate beauty
is unknown nearer the coast. At night the stars shine
·-
19
out with a brilliancy that is almost startling to the
city dweller.
Indeed Llano del Rio is not only
place of wonderful possibilities, but it is situated among surroundings of far more than ordinary beauty. It is one of
those places that inspires both poet and painter, and
unless appearances deceive it is about to come into
its own. We trust t.h at every dream of those good and
true comrades who are now doing the hard physical
labor. of preparing· the soil for the coming of the water
will be realized and that they will have the reward
which their faithfulness and trust deserves.
a
CO-OPERATIVE COLONIZATION
W. P :Hatton of I,ittle Hock, Cal., who has a :sixteenacre ranch t en miles f rom Llano del Rio Colony, is ha1·~:esting 100 tons of pears, which should yield him ai,JO.ut
~100 per ton after all expenses and charges are 1Ja1d.
The colony has a bout 55 acres of the sam·e sort of pear
h'Pt's,' but they have not yet reach ed the ·bearing age.
lt is th e intention of the colonists to establish their
mir·se r·y <111(1 plant several humhed acres in· deciduous
fr·uit each year until they hal'e the largest deciduous
or·ehar·d in Califomia.
The memhers of the colony are nearly all Socialists.
'l'lu'y are d~i ng the pioneering of a great constructive
l'nterprioc. .About sixty members, many of whom haYe
fmnilies, have entered the eolony and are working in
the vario.us departments. Othcr·s have taken their
View of Mei!Cal Dam, Which Has Since Been Filled With
· Water From Jackson's Lake
memberships and arc so arranging their affairs that
they may leave the worry and vexations in the world of
competition and take up life in a co-operative colony.
The colonists hope to r ecruit 8cveral members within
th e next year. They are in need of men and women of
nearly all useful occupations. Anyone interested can
get full particulars by writing to Uano del Rio Colony,
924 Higgins Building, r,os Angeles, Cal.
�20
The
Western Comrade
.-._
Wonderful Brain!
The Song of the Riders
There are 398,000 wage workers in Chic ago who are
paid an average daily wage of $1.61-Re por-t of Industr-ial
Department, Chicago Association of Commer-ce.
W c are the men who could never stand the rule of an
ordered, bordered land,
Scorning a future made and planned, and cut to a
dead man 's will.
Riding together with song and jest, we follow the
nameless, f~meless quest,
Broken and shattered, our band, at best, but laughing at danger still.
''THEto solution
of the p.r esent depression is not,
my mind, a difficult matter," said the
presidPJlt. or a Los Angeles bank, as he looked
thoughtful a nd paused for the mighty enginery of
his br·ain to get under. headway.
" The solution would come with lower wages. That
would case off one the pressure.
"The labor unions ha"fe an opportunity. Let
them get togeth er and r educe wages and the hard
tim es will he over."
·
1'here yon arc in a nutshell. Let those heads of
families who arf' r eceiving $1.61 a day-when they
can find a joh- hold a lneeting and agree voluntarily to r ed uce their wages hy the simple method of
knocking off the dollar and working for 61 cents.
If they do this they would make banking and
other business better because:
They could pay higher· rents to the landlord who
is a depm;itor in the banks.
They could pay more interest on their mortgages,
thus incr easing the "ea rnings" of all banks.
They eould buy more groceries and other foodstuffs.
They could pay up th e haek c:leht they owe the
doctor.
They eoul<l lmy more shMs and more school hooks
for the chilurcn.
They could pay 1h<· undertaker and dodge th e
potters' field.
Oh, yes; with lower wages the workers could pay
more interest, rent, taxes, buy more goods, stimulate home building, enlivf'n industry and awaken
commerce.
It's a happy thought and, if it can he properly
spr·ead and 1hf' workers adopt it, should bring a
medal- if onr has heen offered for doubl e-distilled
assininity.- G. E. n.
Boy scouts of Europe arc under· command of th e
war office and are falling in the bloody trenches on
the firing line. The mothers of these children were
told, just as they are told in America, that the
organization was not of !l military char acter. The
powder trust finances the organization and the, boys
are food for powder.
The San Francisco Star says "Even Anna Goldman is opposed to war." v; e don't know Anna. but
probably she is related to the distinguished Emma,
who also opposes war.
While others love the old lands, the cold lands, WE'
mould lands;
We leave the worn-out altars, and we build .new
shrinea.
The world will :find its way here, and pray here, and
stay here,
While we are off and riding where the last ftar
shines.
Vv ~ are the men who are rebels born, shatter ed and
broken, alone, forlorn.
Beaten Y Why, yes, in a hundred fights, but fighting on, dogged still ;
Shut from the things that we used to kno,y, led by
the light that's ahead, we go,
Comrades to death, while the ride shall last, and
slave to no master's will!
Whil e others love the old worlqs, the cold worlds,
we mould worlds,
And men will kneel and worship at the altars that
we raise;
For yet they'll find their way here, and pray here,
and stay here\VInTe we are off and riding, on strange new ways.
-By Map Carolyn Davies.
Don't Sera tch It!
''I have
AM A believer in the high cost of living. I
little patience with this continual com. plaint," says Underwood, the $75,000-a-year president of the Erie Railroad.
Now, now, don't get excited! Don't cannonade
<'Ockroaches! Don't scratch it! It will never get
well if you pick it.
Underwood is a product. He is a symptom-a ·
pimple-showing that beneath the surface, and not
so far beneath, there is in the social body a rotting,
r eeking disease.
·
Don 't fidd le with effects. Find the cause of the
decay.
Go after the sources of the pestilence that breeds
and festers and causes these surface eruptions.
Don 't pick it! It r equires a major operation for
the system that breeds these symptoms- an amputation, just below the ears.-G. E . B.
�The Weste rn Comrade
21
Pacific Co-operative League
By E. 0. F. AMES ·
P.'!l\
~!!!t.ffh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!ll HERE
"'' many form• of voluntaCY oo~
operation and there have been many
· ,
.I.
failures. Failures, however, are to the
co-operator what an- election defeat is
to a Socialist and no more. In both .instances a defeat is the signal for" the
opening of a new campaign, a campaign
more certain of success because of the
.. xperience gained in past reverses.
Fourteen years of effort in co-operative endeavor
in t his state has r evealed valuable lessons, many diffi<·ulties and disappointments.
lt has been the close study of prominent co-opera1ors to overcome these difficulties.
\Vork and experience along th ese lines have resulted in the formation of the Pacific Co-operative
Lc·a gue.
In a few words, the writer wishes to explain this
sin1pl<· and novel co-operative enterprise. The Pal' ifi<· Co-operative League, with cent!'al offices in San
Francisc.:o, is horn of much past experience. The
f'o11 nd r·r·s r·omhinc an extensive experience of co-operation in its theoretica l and practical appl ication both
i11 1his state and in Great Britain.
W e are often told hy famouS' men that th ey ac<'lllnu late above all else a growing sense of therr own
li111itations as they progress in study and knowledge.
Th r originators of the Pacific Co-operative f.;eague may
not be famous m'en, yet, but they are bl essed with a
hrlief in caution and the value of small beginnings.
Thr lrague has made som e very stringent rules of
oprration, which will in the teUing give the r eader
<t fair idea of the work the league is doi.u«.
All the husiness of the league is done on a strictly
r·ash basis. No goods bought or sold, except for cash.
:'\o eapital expenditure can be made till the money
is Actually subscribed for . t he purpose. No expense
fo r operating ran he incurred that is not positively
hrtng ea rned in the business. P.rogress depends upon
P<lf' h step being a safe one and self-supporting.
The aim of the lrague is to unite producer and
r·onsum<'r hy th e shortest possible royte and to do
i1 at cost, eliminating the idea of maldng a profit
on th e work. In brief, the league r everses the purpose
of industry as it. is understood today. Ipstead of making- the n eeds of the community a means of personal
profit or selfish interest, it aims to make those needs
ihr means of servire to. and better human r elations,
in the community.
.//;
.
The basis of the league work is in the mall community or co-operative clubs, which :the league organizers are ~stituting. Neighbors are brought together
in groups and their orders foe groceries and merchandise of any de cription are bulked by the secretary,
who· for~vards them to the . leag'u e. The league supplies the goods at wholesale, plus only a small addition
for co t of ·repacking, and delivery is made direct to
t he member or the, club. The entire cost ef r etai'ling
is thereby eliminated at one blow.
'fhe league is affiliated with the Co-operative
Wholesale Society in San Francisco, a company . of
fourteen y ears ' standing, a'nd therefore has an assured source of ~upply for its members' orders.
Admission to the group buying clubs affiliated to
the league is $5 . only. Tllis entitles the member to ·
p ermanent huying privileges and involves no liability
whatsoever. The charge of $5 is made to cover the
tost of organizing. This is the lowest price at which
t.h e expense . can hr met at pr;esent. and is made low in .
ordrr to affor·d co-operative wholesale buying at cost
to all who n eed it.
Th e tluh is thP beginnin g. Fr·om this small and
in expPnsi,·c start it is hoped to build up co-operative
distributing centrrs. As the members of the buying
r·lnbs gain eonfitl•'DCP iu co-operatipn, and the managPJ'S of the lengtH', th ey are en couraged to subscribe for
ful l mrmlwrship. Full membership costs $105, which
r·an be paid hy installments. This entitles the member
to an equal vote with nll the other members and an
<'qmll share in all th e •woperty rights of the league.
No one can ohtairt any intet·est or right in the league
that is not oprn to evct·y other m ember and in this
wny th e true eo-operntiv charact er of the league IS
assured.
Th e mo tH'~' eoll ectrrl from membership shares is
used to rstn hlish the distributing warehouses mentioned ahovP. TheRe will be run not for profi't , but
to distribute J!Oorls nt ns n ear cost as practicable. The
ultimat e end in view h'eing the complete control of
the p eopl e's husiness.
. Th<' hnying p lan of the league secures to t he members an ~vera[\'c r f:!dnction in the cost of living of at
least 20%. On groceri es it is a little less; on clothing
a!].d other mer chandiRe, more. A saving of from $3 to
$5 pet· ton on coal direct from the mine to clubs has
been mad e.
'
Prominent tnPn all over the United States have given
the league their r eady endorsement.
�22
The We s t e rn Comrade
Syphilization of the Marquesans
. By FREDERICK O'BRIEN
f':!!!!== =!!!!;i II EY
won't work, these Marquesan peopl e with whom I lived five months, and
fr·om whose isl a nds, seven degrees below the equator-toward New Zealand! ha \ ' P r·<•tnrned u'nwillingly to civilization. ThPy don't have to work. . ·Their
food hangs on trees right over their
IH·ads. Thry eat breadfruit iwd cocoanuts and hari<IIHls and oranges, vi apples, ~angos, pist:H·hio n11ts, papayas, alligator pea!·s, rose apples, taro,
f1·is. \\';If 1'r<·r1·ss and fish , shrimp, lobsters, crabs and
pi'.!s, goats and fl pef.
TIH·y don 't do a sf rok<· . TherP is not a tilled
li•·ld i11 t l11 · •·il!ht .\ larqu1·sas ~s land s, nor a wagon, nor
a whpr]barrow.
E\·ery 1n an and
(' \ '(' !':' woman has
land,
and
the
crops gr·ow without c ultivation. I
111·\·er saw a hoe
nor a pl ow.
If a ;\larqucsan
\\·ants bread fmit
h1· yanks it off the
trees, and so with
eol'oanuts, mangos
and all the other
seo1·e of fruits,
1111ts and herTies.
Th e trees arc practiea II~, in common;
the Marquesans today -ar e a brotherhood. If they hunger· for fish or
sport, a group of
n eighbors, men
and women, take
A M arques·an Ch ief W ith Beautifull y the C~JiOCS from
Tattooed L egs
t he .: beach
and
L-------------------------~
SJWnr· or· snarL• the bonito, nlhicor e, ray and a hundred
othel' kinds of fish that spem just. crazy to get t he hook.
I hH\'l' hl'Pn with parties that caught a ton in a
night's fun . 1f tht>y want a haunch of goat, a side
of hPPf, or a ham from a boar, they mount their agile
hol'Sf's and ride to the hi lls, where the animals are ·•
HhYays to he found.
No. They won't w01·k . lt makes the white traders
furious.
"If those bastards would plant cocoanuts and
make copra we'd all be rich in a few: years,'' said an
American trader to me.
'' Gott in Himmel ! I haf dried und dried to persvade die n.a tives to vork und dey laugh und say nix,"
said a. German trader with tears in his eyes.
They don't need the money. That 's it. They all
help one ~moth er btiilding a house or in anything useful. Th ei r cocoanuts they srll to the traders a.n d get
tobacco and cloth .and other things they like.
'rh ey wear· flowers in their hair eYery day ; men
and women a likr. Nature gaYe them one of the richest
soils of t h<' universe. They are the handsomest natural
T he Marq uesa ns A re Natural Swim mer s and Boat m en, Good Woodsmen a nd M ou nt ai n Climbe r s
peopl e I have ever seen, and I have visited most of
the world.
They at·e olive or tawny in color, like our folks
at the beaches. Tlwy are not n egroes. Their features
are almost perfect. But they won't work.
'' Ze damn fool don't care for money,'' said a
Frenchman to me. "Tonnere de dieu! Zey say ze
money ees not worth working for. Zey have ple:r;tty
and Z<'Y prefer to take it easy, to sing and dance and
�23
The Western Comrade
swim in ze water. Sapristi ! Zey are fou, crazee! If
zey would work for 60 cents a day we would get ze
money like rain. Zey all ought to be shot and bring
in ze Chinaman."
lives toiling to make those whites rieh f We have
enough. A few hours once in a while gathering cocoa'nuts and making copra and we have all w·e want. We
don't need the money."
I asked a missionary what hs.d the whites brought.
"The gospel," he said, unctiously.
"Anything else[' I persisted.
I Oh, you ref~r to diseases,, . he sai~.
"It is sad.
The whites: b rought consumptio!J., syphilis-and leprosy;,
this last by ·im,Po~ti'ng Chine e coolies· as laborers. 1 They
illso brought opium, rum and smallpox and other disease . There were no qiseases here when the whites
carrie. 'Phe Marquesans were said
every voyager
to be the finest race .on eart.h, physically."
·
"How many Marque an 'vere there when the
whites first caineY" I a k ed.
''About '70,000, '' he said; 1 ' the valleys were full of
them,''
·'And now?" '
"Now," said th e. missionary, "there are about
2500. ,,
" 'l'he others died feom the diseases the whites
brought!" I exclaimed.
"Jt is sad but true. They ·were cruel. It was a
divin!' disprnsation that · sonw missionaries reached
here in time to shed the ligbt of the gospel on the dying
people."
"But the missionari.es came first, and then the traders and then white government,'' I said tentatively.
"That is true, " he said,-"we led the way, as we always do. It is a pity. They are a fine people, but t hey
won't work.''
I
hy
Pascual and His Friends. He is a Physical Gi ant and
a Professional Pi lot and Interpreter
askrd
m~·
fr·it•nrl. Pool uhatuha, a
man!~·.
strapping
ft·llo\\·, :thout 1hP plaint of th<· traders.
'' \\'hat's the usr ·~" h• · l'l'p lied. "\Yh~· spend our
Nursery Rhymes for Read
Beside Green Pastures
. to the posi·a>ssimt
hle.
I toryaddition
in Kmg-dotn ('onH'. t hP J l'llnty Co r·por·atwn of
?~· ~ .cons~dl'ra
N
Carry Califo rnia, Oregon and Washington for the
Eight-Hour La\v. Education will do it!
./
Little W oodr·ow M lost his goAt; dorsu 't hnow how to retrieve himlie went to ,Tohn D., with a crook in his knee,
nut merely just managed to peeve him!
terri~
New York still holds to a f'o nsiderable slice of\. ear thly
holdings. A recent .r eport shows its total assets incl6.de $15,Hl2,400 of ''productive property. ' ' most of
which is "land" in New York City.
.T here is at least one saloon on the land owned by
the corpor.a tion. The character of a number of other
esta»lishments is well known.
Fifteen millions in incom e property!
You can picture the sweetly solemn scene as t he
smug, well fed, well groomed, well cont~nt p arasites
sit on plush cushions folding white, pudgy hands across
rotund bellies as the priest purrs along with oily unction: "The Lord is my Shepherd; I shall not want."
- E d'O.
Revolu~onists
Little Ree Former sat in a corner
Patching t he System's pants ;
Th e pant were t hreadbare, but Ree didn't car e;
His work was ''constructive' '-perchance.
W ise Elbert Hubbard went to his cu 'board
to get out his good grindstones,
And sharp<:>n his axes to h ew out syntaxes
'l'hat add to his slathers of "bones."
Dock and Bill set up a shrill,
Sad cry about the slaughter
In Jl.'f exico-not her e, 0 , no!
At home it doesn't matter.
(Very English accent on the last word.)
.#
- A . F . Gannon•
�The Western Comrade
Single Tax and Socialism
By
F-~~==ri N
DR. J. E. POTIENGER
Th ere are only a few uncompromizing individual ists
PKEVlO U ~ discussions I have at.
t Pmpt Pd to make the following points: among them.
Th11t Socialists generally are not clear
'fhere r emains one importa nt feature of their proon thP land question; that l\farx r ecog- gram for discu!'sion, i. e., the exemption from taxation
nizPd it of pr·ime in1portancc twenty on (buildin.gs, et c) and in ( increased fertility, etc. )
yr•ars hPforPGPorge wrote his fir·st. book; · la ud . George admits that it is not easy to d etermine
and t hnt it has fa iled to rec'eive the at- thr value of improveme~ts in land, but contends t hat
t r·11t ion of Soc ialists " ·hich it· d eser ves.
a n approximation of su ch value would be sufficient for·
l 'll.douhtPdl,v tiH· sit nat ion is rlll l' to th~· .Tm. . ,·ity with p r·actieal p ur·poses. This exempt ion so vital to the suc,,·hi•·l1 .\l<~r·x tn·nts thr .qrwsti o11 . - .llaJ h t' g i1·en land- cess of the Single Tax~rs, is one which should be conlordism as r·arr·f11 l all a11alysis as hP did c·apitalism, th e sidered car~fully by Soc ia lists. It is perfectly logical
<·<Is<· \\'Ou i.J hr· c·f<.a r torla,v. h11t it i,; fair to say that his and necessary fr·om the Single Taxers ' viewpoint, but
r·<·Jru: rks 011 r·11 pit nl is!ll c·on1 p!Pt pfy overshadow a nythin g it has absolut ely nothing to do with the ma,in proposiWhir· h \\'as Said Oil 1hr• fa 11d fJll l'StiOil. ( 'ollll'adc Bcr·- tion i; which Socialists are interested, i. c., .the
g'l'r's t•ritit·i SIII oJ' .\J a rX Oil this point. e it eU in a prc- dt•struction of land privilege. Land privilege disapl' iOII S papi'T'. indi r·a t l's that he ( Bt>r·ger ) c~ms id c rs that l H:'H l'S 11·heii th<' other sch emes upon which both can
nr,rrir·t1lt 11r• · pr·•·s•·nt s a spPr·ial prohl•·m of its o wn, as agr·~.·e :11·e ra rri <'.d out. The exemption of improvements
d ist i~~d l'ro111 t iH· land qur·stion eiSP \\'h Pt'P, mining lands, is fa I'Ored by the S ingle T axers fo r the same r eason
•·i t_,. l<~llds . Ptr·. T hr· fad; is. t hat· 111(' inc reasi n g vahrf' 1ha t th t•y favor exemption of p ersonals. But to the
ol' :1g1 i•·1 iltural !;,nds \\' ith it s ar·r·ompany in g h •nanti'Y Socialists it is d ifferent: we do not accept the r easona11d :d•s•·nt•·r· ln11d lordi sr n is th t· sat ll<: probl em that r:on- ing- of the Single Tax er, and would exempt improvei' rnll h tl1•· \1':1).!1!- \\'ork!'t' in 1ht• •·ity, in mint·s, or t>lsr•- Jllellts on ly on the ground of expediency.. But im\\' III·J·•·. 11'111• 1'1 ' \';tfiiPS of' Jlaturn] opport uniti r•s <11'1' ad- pr0\' "111Cnts genera lly differ from p ersonals in that
\':111('11 1[!.
th l•y nre for t h e most part fix ed and cannot be con.:\o\1'. ;:inr·t~ t he• ~n lu tion fo r this prohlPIII is urgl·nt.
P ersonally, I am n ot
l'f'HIPd from assessm ent.
we find ourspfl·ps r Pa dy t o t'o ns id t·r· the program of tlw rspc·e inlly concerned with the exemption of improve:->iJ!i!lr· Tnx•·r s \\',, r·an work with them w~t.hont in the ments. It matters little to the \-i' orking class whether
fpnst ''o111prornjsi rq::- 0ur· position, fo 1· a ny JIH•asur·e de- thpy are or a r e not exempted; it depends much upon
sigll t•.I to tax lanrl to its full valuP. or to soeialize r ent 1hP rnPthod by which assessments are made.
:1ncl 11 nPa J·n ed in cr emen t.
Th e pmctical question, then, after these various
\\' e t·nn also assist thrm in abolishing p ersona l prop- points of agreement ,ave been p ointed out, is : How
pr·t y taxation, poll tax and 0thr r discriminatory li- Pnn the full value of la nd be determined 1 Is t here
r·rnsr~s. !'t r . They wish to abolish tlw per sonal property
a system of valuation which will apply equally to lots.
t11 x hPc·ausP of tl~rir peen liar view that the products of improved or unimproved; farm ing land, mines, etc.?
labor should 11o1. he taxed. Wr should sef'k to abolish The Single Taxers r ecommend the Somers m ethod of
it for 11 differ ent r·eason--on thP gr onnrl of f'X pl·d- va lu ation for city lots. It is n ot r ecommend ed for the
iene:v-- l'nr it is impossihl c to src:11rr. an r>quitahle r e- valuation of land in general. Briefly, the Somers systurn. No syst rm of rspionagP is rnpable of listin g tr·m is hnsed upon th e kn own market value of indi1equit nhly this form of prope rty. Th e strong and pow,·idual lots. f rom which .data is constructed a tabl e of
Prfnl ean a nd do conr(•al t heir personal property, leav- valuation fo r each front foot. All lots similarly .situing th r· less pr·ivil r~Pd with th e burden to hear. The at ed arc d eclared to have the same valuation. This
loss (' on]~· JO'i,. of t he• asscsserl valuat)o n in Cali fornia ) . cnt haphazard and discriminatory m ethod of assessfrom this itPm would he many timrs compensated for ment , hut th er e is plenty of chance for improvement
upon it.
h~· t:1xing thr privii <'j.!ed on the full value of the only
l'hin:.r \\'hi t h ca nnot l1c eon cealcd , that is land.
_,
The only system of valuation which can eliminate
FurtlH•r, the Socialist movement will find much sup- the a rbitrary feature of the Somers system, and which
port f rom members of the Single Tax movement, in is of universal application in that it may be used for
taking o1·cr· public ntiliti<'s. N in<'ty-five per cent of all land and improvements wh er ever situated, or, for
th em n J'f' collectivists in r egar·d t o "monopoly " utilities. whatever purpose usrd , is th e system in which valua- .
I
�The Western Comrade
25
Pool of the Nymphs
Scene c n the Rio del Llano. The photographer declares this picture was not secured by stealth, chicanery or deception.
He even says he approached the scene fearlessly and without embarrassment. In fact, he even asks us to believe the
lingerie so tastef-ully draped from the trees belongs to M Jther Nature and,the fabric is of ice and spray.
li()ns nre ddennined hy <·OillfWiitivc bids.
lt is thP
t•X1Pnsion of the• system whi ch has bPrn usrd to somP
•·XtPnt in Ne"· Zealand .
Undrr this plan C'\'ery owner
t1f ]and l'Ctllri1S his 0\\'n Yaluation of Janel anfl imprO\'C'11\t'llfs. liP is then taxrd on that Yalu<•. ]n ;H·de1· to
d1rek the tendency fo low valuation, a cond<)mnation
d ause must be inserted giving the state, or any othe1·
individual the right to purchase any land and impJ•oveJII<'Ills at th e owner's vitluation, plus, perhaps, a small
rwr ctent. This plan, slightly modifi ed, Jws enabled thP
I!OVernnwnt of Nrw 7,raland to tax the g1·eat landod
··states out of ex istenc·e. one of which, the Chcviot
•·state of 84,000 acres, was eondemnrd and pu1·chHsed
hy the govrrnmrnt and snhdivicl~d.
This m ethod would rxtPnd the law of eminent d9111ain to the last unit of land without the present costly
system of appraisement and rourt action with its
numerous delays. It destroys the incentive to dodge
taxes. It is not a 1·bitrary, but puts the owner on his
r10nor. The expense of the assessor's office would be
a small portion of the present cost. Boards of equaliza-
tion wonlo hc• nnn<·•·<·ssHJ':V·
Th r din·..t J'c•sult woul <l he
I hat ownrrs of land now hPld for spreulation in Califor-
nia . upon which pnu·tir:n~ly no tax<>s a1·e paid, would
spfJ thrir lands mu ch eheaper than a1·e now asked for
t ht>m and the work<>r would havr a ehance to own a
ho1n<' or rPnt one for a po1·tio n of the present ]Wice.
Thc> lnrgP estnt rs in f'alifoJ"nia would melt in five years.
II is diftieult to S<'<' why tht~ingl c Taxer should refns<· to aid the Soc·ialist in Slie{u·ing such legislation,
~in<·e he talu•s prirl c~ in basing his arguments upon
natn1·al ];"'·· a nd IH•r,• is a plan which gives absolute
fr·Pedom to t lw OWII<'J', whill• the SomcJ'S system is ar·bit I' a J'Y and a I lows no fJ·P<•dom whatsoc•ver· in r eckoning
"aln<'s. If this plan should he adopted hy thc .Hocialist
Party it rna~ readily he seen why it would not he expedient to exempt improvements, for we would n red
to rt>tain the present <·ostly and tedious proeess of apprai·s rment in c>ase of rondemnation.
Lastly, w e can work with the Single Taxers in seC'uring Ilomr Rule in taxation, which will be voted upon
next November and which, if. adopted, will enable us·
to try any system whi ch we desire.
�The Western Comrade
26
·Fable of the Invincible One
By A. F. GANNON
r.~~~@~~®!!!!!!!!l:l NCE upon a time there was a Young One
this-criminal, who takes the bread out of hungry
of Great Strength who said In His men's mouths, would set . upon him and belabor him
Heart:
: if he did so. Therefot"e, I appeal to you to save this
''I am ' strong! But I shall make ·. poor, .starving man, to whom my heart goes · out in
"
.
many Implements that sh~ll add Strength·. s"""'·pathy.
"~
unto the Strength of my arm, Until 1 am
"Indeed, it is outrageous!" bellowed The Invinci•
~
.
become Invincible."
ble One, "A-re you not ash.amed to so hector a defe.nse_less hungry man, and perhaps do a lasting injury to
\\'hereupon he fashioned niany Implehis digestive and assimilative organs 1" he said, adtll"m upon his ..nerson, and was Inments and pl ",..·ed
"
~
1:'
dressing · the culprit, who had not opened his mouth
viucible.
during the Rubicund One 's arraignment, but being
Then srating himself he examined each addition to thus directly questioned, he answered directly: I
his Great Strength and burnished them and buffed
"No); a damned bit-because I'm right."
them, and was proud of his Handiwork.
.
Th~ Invincible One's ·wrath knew no bounds ..
'' Ah, what wonderful things these weapons are!''
"You.!" he thundered at the silent one of the illhe soliloquized,· ''and what great quantities of attired pair. "You accept this excellent and charStrength they add to the Strength that Nature has . itable man's offer of employment! I will protect you!
endowed me with ! ''
As for this insolent one-I '11 teach him manners!"
Arising with no little difficulty because of the comAfter 'J'he Invincibl~ One had repaired to his own
bined weight of his weapons, he exclaimed, surprised: satisfaction the Insolent One's lack of early Chester"I must move about more and become accustomed field ian Training, he strode onward, congratulating
to 1heir weight, and," he added, after pondering deeply himself en his Great Strength, and _h ow easy it was to
for a few moments, "as I shall be unable to follow my administe~: these little _lessons in Deportment.
fonner rather pacific pmsuits with all these accoutre'' Ah,'' he again sililoquized, which habit he was
ments, I must, of a necessity, enter a new field of fast acquir·ing, "I shall avail myself of every such opactivity. l have it! I will exhibit myself as The In- portunity to aid the oppressed." Which he did, and
vincible One! But, the question is, am I really In- became exceedingly proficient in the use of his weapvincible 1 I have had no occasion to use these weapons ons. And his friends, which were Round-bellied and
yet, hitving no one to contend with, therefore, how do Few, exclaimed :
"What marvelous Rtrength! Such unerring JudgI know if I am proficient in their use?"
As The Invincible One passed along thus ruminat- ment!''
•
ing, he noted at some .d istance hefore him a gesticulatBut his enemirs, which were Flat-bellied and Leing group of people. C:oming up ,to them he demanded gion, exclaimed:
to know what the t1·onble was.
'ruis muscles gr·ow Flabby and his belly Big!"
~' \Vhy! " cried an excit ed man, of wondrous abNow, it came to pass that rumors were brought to
dominal g irth and floridity of face, "this-fellow," his ears of a certain Distant One who claimed to be
designating, .with utter cont empt and loathing in the Invincible also, and, as he considered himself the
Hction, one of t~vo rongh-looking men in the center of Only-Original-Cohen Invinrible One, he was much cast
the group, "this fellow refuses to remain any longer Down thereat.
in my employ, absurdly claiming as his reason for
''However-,'' he ronclnded. ''I shall be careful in
leaving my service, that I do not pay him enough for the use of my long-distance weapons, and in the"meanhis labor to clothe and provision_him properly! . Look time I will make many more al'!d train my friends in
upon him! Is he not clothed and fed, as befits one of the use of them.''
his kind ? And not only thus does he . injure me, but
So he made .nany more weapons and taught his
when I secured this other fel-gentleman in his stead, friends how to use ·them properly when administering
at a lesser stipend, he spoke with him and pr~vailed Delsarte-Deportment and Easy-Etiquette Lessons.
upon him to ·refuse my .generous offer of employment. · But he fore The Tnvincible One and his friends had
Besides, this g-gentleman. is even now hungry, and wearied of these little Swatting-Bees, as they . had
I can see that he is still desirous of accepting my offer, facetiously duhhed them, '.i't>e Little Brown One from
and would do so but fo• a ,well-grounded fear that afar, who also rlaimed to be Invincible, came wjth a
~
.·
,·0
�The Western Comrade
horde of friends, who were flat-bellied, and standing
without The Invincible One 's door , cried :
''Bananas! ' ' 'vhich was their war-cry, being vegetarians.
''Money!'' cried The Invincible One at the top of
his voice, :w hich was his call-to-arms, but 'his voice being hoarse from having called it so aften in summoning .
his friends to the Swatting-Bees, it did not carry far.:·
However, those few of his friends who heard, and.
whose feet Ohryed, came and rallied · abou.t nirr( an d·
asked:
"vYbPre Is it-that we may fight for Id" and
h·a rnin g that th e propos<>d fight was to be merely for ·
Tlw Invincihl'e One's H onor , threw down th eir weap-
27
ons in high dudgeon; and set off tow~rd .more_Tropical
Climes.
So The Invincible One, in h.is extremity, cried out
to the Insolent Ones:
"Come, Insolent Ones! Y e are many, and I have
at great expense taught ye Delsarte-Deportment and .
Easy-Etiquette Les~ons until ye are adept! Take up
these arms that my late friends have cast away, that
your ,Patient Teacher be not humiliated!''
· · W.h.~.eat the Insolent Ones laughed insolently, and
taking UP ..tbe " 'eapons drove off the Intruders. Nor
was ·t he · Late Invincible . One humiliated bu~ became
'S trong, h ealthy and active again in the' discharging
of diver·s and useful duties.
MORAL: . Why is an Army ?
War Destroys.· Social Ownership
A
SIDE from tl~ e hon·ors of th e international, official
First ·BudapC'st started as a butcher. It established
and coll eet lve mm·dt' r now in progress in Eu- in Bu?a, in P est, and in the Altofen district; handsomeropP, th ere ar·p ot her phas<>s of t'he situation that make ly equipped munieipai JTH~at stalls. The stalls were inthe heart siek to eont emplilt <:. Socialists of Europe t end ed for thC' poor·. But as th e meat was better and
have built up such ma~nific,mt sti·uctures in their co- cheap C'r th an in private stores, all classes patronized
opt' rat iw organizations and in social ownership of the th em. Pri r~es .w ere ahout thrC'e-quarters of the private
necessities of li fe that hope bids us believe they will stores ' prices.
hr re•: ived after th<> war is over.
Nex~ Rndapest. attacked th e pri'v ate bakers. It esTh e !\ic·w York Call quotes from a letter from Curtis
tablish ed ·four public ha keries and reduced bread prices
Brown, written somr weeks before the crash, in whiclt
7 per cent. The private bakers were obliged to cut
thr writ r r says Budapest has sudaenly changed itself
down their pi·icC's. Today in Buda and Pest 50,000
from hein g Austr·ia-Hungary 's dearest city to th ~
.
families,
counting in all 250,000 persons, buy their
ehc·apl.'st. This is entirely the result of municipal
bread
from
the city. Doctors say that Bu dapest 's mutrading.
bread
is purer and more nutritious than the
hicipal
At a municipal meet ing last month , Burgermeister
bread
of
other
Austro-Hungariai;l c:ities.
Barny announced that the cost of food in the last four
Having
e1ttablished
its pGlsition as retailer; Budapest
years has he<>n r ed need 1 ~1 per cent, whereas in Vienna
c:hallenged
the
producers
and distributors. It was
in th e same period, th.e average price of n ecessities has
movea
to
this
because
th
e
producers
of meat, eggs and
gone up 14 per cent.
,
milk
in
the
country
r
ound
have
an
agreement
equivaWhil ~ Vienn a is th e dearest city in Central Europe,
to
a
trust
for
keeping
up
prices.
The
principality
lent
and suffers from chronic high price riots, Budapest
built additional slaughter· houses and behind the trust
citizens are rejoicing in general cheapness.
farmers'
backs began to import cattle, sheep and p igs
Austria atJd Hungary have the same tariff system.
from
remote
parts of Hun gary.
The only dift'erenc'e is that in Vienna th e storekeeper
Th
e
stock
was bought on the spot at low prices, and .
makes a big profit, ''' herras in Budapest you now buy
organiY.atio11
was transpo~ted to the city at
hy
good
yonr meat , eggs and veg~tahlPs in stores conducted by
minimum
r·atC's.
Th
e
city
brgan selling its own meat,
th e city, whieh makr no profit at all. "Our town,"
in
its
o"·n
stores.
Th
e
fa
rm
ers .outside Budapest were
says H err Barny. "is becoming a universal trader.
an
gry,
hut
helpless,
and
th
ey
reduced prices.
That is th e only wny to figh( high prices.''
Th
e
t
own
has
lost
no
mon
ey.
Th e initial financing
Budapest 's initiative in starting )n.unicipal food
of
its
enterp1·ise
wa
·
difficult.
,\
capital of over $1,- ·
stores is a result of the bread riots of four yea.rs ago.
000,000
had
to
he
invested.
Vir n!la rlamored for relief, hut th e Governme'tlt gave
Rut thP loss suft'Prrd in severa l municipal enterprises
none. 'l'h <.> rimnicipaHy kept to the policy initiated by
was
c:overcd hy th e profi ts in others. The municipalith e lat P. Bui·germPist cr l,.twger- " handsome Carl " ty
's
pr·incipl e, as fa r as possible, is to make no direct
thc poli<·y of faYorin ? at aJ! costs th e sma ll storeprofit.
ke<>p?r.
�The Western Comrade
2
THE WESTERN COMRADE
. . . . .43
THESOCIAUST CAMPAIGN.BOOK FOR 1914
Entered as second-class matter at the
post olflce at Los Angeles, Cal.
924 Higgins Building, Los Angel es, Cal.
.
Will give you .up-to-date informaHon about
Subscription P rice One Dollar a Year
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe,
Vol. 2
--~----
Editor
September, 1914
No.5
------------:--'-
Cost of Killing ·M en
I
X TJ YIES of. p ea ce the. greed of the
PXploiting class kills many work- ··
l'r·s: Human life is the -cheapest
1hing- u1pitalism owns. 'l'he cost of
killing- a worker is nothing.
In 1 iml'f; of war·, however·, humanit .v pays a heavy price in gold for
f•a~:h lift! takeu. ':!'he scale runs up
and runs down.
Th P a vcmge cost of killing runs
( in dolla1·s ) about $15,000 to a man. 1
In th(• Boer· war it cost $40,000 to
kill a man.
·
In clolhHs the 1·ost of the life of
<·at· h man m the p1·esent war will
1'1111 high .
~houlcl 'I 1·ct urn to my r egiment
in FJ'fl ll<'f~ T rnight kill a fe'\i- GeJ'I11 fln
eotnJ'fl(lf's at thP cost of, say $20,000 J
(•ar·h. _ln tm·n T might be killed at
tlH' !'Willi! pr·ice ( in dollars ) .
·
.\s a p hysician I prcfe1· to try thP J
ot hN plan . Whil e studying thr 1
s:1n ita !'y methods in t he Canal Zone I
l I1.:a nwd it wst. a hou t $2.4:1 to san i
n IJfl'. ln th e zoue Wt' sflved 6 1 ~0
Ji,·,·s flt 11 1·ost of $1!3,000, or· ahout
11H· <·ost of ldllin g one man in wa1·.
To ltfl,-<. killed 6130 mrn 111 wa1·
\\'Oll ]!l 1111\'P ffil'lll1t a COSt of: $30,-
The .Soci~list Movement '
The- Lahor .Movement
. Co-oper~tion
.Exploitation
··
.:Wage!!' and Hours
-~Unemployme~.t .
C hild ':bahor·
W o~an and .Labor
.Industrial
. - . Accidents
:.Poverty ·
..
The High Cost of Living
White Slavery
Crime
·'The Old Parties
The Progressives
Syndical~sm
Concentration of Wealth
The Trusts
I
P rofits
Socialists in ·office
and ~any. other things of interest to Socialists
-and stud~nts· too .many to .mention.
.It has been·compiled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and the mQst complete referenc~ book of that
character
that has ever been- published.
- .
is
Bound in flexi'ble cloth•. 350 pages.
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\\" lwn "'t san' a life we have an
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Main 1407
This Stands f~ to~ ma:k e it better and brighter each
· Con- issue. The magazine - merits your
t he _B est 1n
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.. an d . I ces -:- -:-
427
SOUTH
BR0 ADW AY
THE JONES BOOK STORE
226 West First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Headquarters for the best Socialist
books and literature.
No skinning.
-
One price to' all.
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The Watchmaker and Jeweler at the
Union Labbr· Temple, 532 Maple Avenue,.
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ALL PRICES RIGHT
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·
---------------"It's In the Mountains"
THE 8 •
c.
FEDERATIONIST
Finest labor paper in Ca.n ada. R. Parm
necessar·y to the success of the pub- Pettiplece, managing . editor. Address
lic~t ion.
Labor Temple, Vancouver; B. C.
�The Western Comrade
PAl:CITY OF CAPACITY
James started his third helping
of pudding with delight.
'' Once upon a time, .James,'' admonish ed his mother, "there w.as a
littl e hoy who ate too much pudding, and he burst! "
J ames considered. '·There ain't
snc·h a 1hing as too much pudding, "
li P drcided.
' ' Th crf' must be, '' continued his
mot lwr. '' else why did the little boy
hurst '1 "
Jamrs passed his plate for th e
fo urth tim e, o;;aying: " ~ot enough
l•oy . ' '- Th r ::\fnltitude.
HO~OR
TO PRESIDENTS
Here's One Maga-zine
·You Want
!
\Yh<·n [jnde Rod, the old colored ·
1nan "·ho worl<ed about the place,
t·amr on e morning, l\Irs. Stone said:
" \\-ell, Uncle Rod, I hear you
h'avr anothPr pair of twins at your
housr. ' '
" Y rs 'm ," said Rod. "Done named
'rm aftah two ob de fust presdents
of dis country."
''Indeed ! '' said ::\Irs. Stone,
" whir·h two?''
"01<> Christofo C'lumhus an ' .Tu1yo us Ca esar, ' ' said the old man.
·: \\" r ·s g-reat on namin' de ehillun
fo' dP pr·ps'dents 't our house."~ational ::\fonthly.
ON THE DOG WATCH
\\' illit· "·as stl'llggling throu gh th e
~tor·v in his reading lesson . "' No,
sair( thr Capta in, ' lw r ead , '' 'it was
not a sloop. lt was n largrr vessel.
By tht• rig 1 judged her to he a-aa-n-n-- - - . "
TIH· word was n ew to ·ltim.
" HnrCJtH'. ' · snppli<>d the t eacher. '
Sti ll Willit• hcsitatrd.
" Barqu r, '' r·e1wated 1hr t eacher,
this tinw s harply .
Will ie looked as though he had
not hi'! Hrd aright. Th en, with an apprrh cnsivc glance around the class,
he shouted:
''Bow-wow!''
THE OMNJBUS
"Wher·e, " said th e land agent, addressin g an audience of posihle purchasers, "where else on the face of
th e globe will you find in one place
copper. tin, iron, cotton, hemp, grain,
game--"
A vo'ice r eplied:
"In the pockets of my youngest
son.' '
Charles Edward Russell
"The reason why I advise all persons
that believe in a free press to support
Pearson's Magazine is because Pearson's is the only great magazine that
is free."
Pearson's Magazine is the
only magazine of its kind.
·Its form enables it to depend
on its readers alone- on
advertisers not at alL' It
can and· does, therefore,
print facts whiCh no magazine that depends upon
advertising for a living can .
"afford " to print. It does
print such facts every
month. Every ·issue con- tains the truth about some
condition which affects .
your daily welfare, which
you want to know and which
you can find nowhere else.
Besides, it prints as much
fiction and other entertainment as any general magazine. If you want one
radical magazine to live and
grow ,sub!icrib~toPea_rson's.
. Pearson's is the only big
magazine in America in
which the Socialists get an
equal opportunity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Socialism is presented by the leading Socialist-writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chas. Edward Russell.
One copy will con'{ince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
.
•
Here's Another Magazine You Want
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The only illustrated Socialist magazine west of Chicago. It is
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Our aim is to make the magazine better and brighter with each
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~
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1
EASY WAR TERMS
ENCOURAGING NEWS
Neutral Territory - Convenient
The eminent physi6ia.ns had been
spots on the map to quarter your called in consultation·. They had retroops at the expense of the spots. tired to another room to discuss the
Pre-dreadnought--A warship built patient's condition. In the closet of
day before yesterday.
that room a small boy had been conUltimatum-Keeping the other. cealed by the patient's directions to
min waiting while you complete the listen to what the consultation definishing touches. .
cided and to tell the patient, who
Mobilization-WJ10les'ale death no- desired genuine information.
tices served in ad'Vance to friends · "Well, Jimmy," said· the patient,
and neighbors.
. '
when ·the boy came to report, "what
-}.facliine Gun_:_,Labor.·s aving kill- did they sayf"
ing device.
''I couldn't tell you that,'' said
Maritime Supremacy-The prize the boy; "I listened as hard as I
awarqed to the most'successful mur- could, but they used such big words.
derer,-:,_J.Jife.
I couldn't remember much of it. All
I could catch was when one doctor
GREAT CONSTRUCTIVE GENIUS said:
'''Well, we'll find that out at !the
By turning out . a • mi.(Cture of
crushed, stale bread and cheap roo- autopsy. ' ''
]asses and caJ!-ing 'it a breaokfast food,
and grinding peanut shells into a
WHY NOT TELL' HER.
· a 11ed su bs t't
f
ff
C. W .
so-c
1 ute or co ee,
Fair Stranger-How much has
Post, who recently c'o mmitted sci- Mrs. Gadabout Tomlinson on deposit
eid<> itt Santa .BI).rbara, amassed a here?
fort)lne of $20,552,380·.
Bank Teller--1 cannot tell you.
Why did not the press expose this
Fair Stranger-Why, I thought
monum ental fraud ? \Veil, one rea- .vou were the "teller!"
son was that another part of this
man 's alchemy was to purchase the
FRO~AGE
press-bribery through the advertismg colunms.
"Paw! Say,Paw!What's 'sabot:vr anv morals are obvious. Hones- age' mean?''
ty is the best policy. Virtue finds
"Gee whiz, Bobby! Don't them
its own reward, etc.-take your tea<> hers of yourn learn you nothin'
choice. or· writP a moral of your own. at all no· more? It's cheese, Bobby,
just ordinary green cheese ! , '
TOO l\-IUCH MOONLIGHT
It was a beautiful evening and Ole,
What are you doing for the cause? ·
who had screwed up courage to take
How many applications have you
Mary for a ride, was carried away turned in to the secretary of your
by the magic of the night.
•
local ?
"Mary," he asked, "will you
What about subscriptions for Somarry me ?"
cialist pu hlications?
; 'Ycs, Ole," she answered softlY..
Get busy and send in a club list
Ole lapsed into a silence that at of not less than four to the Western
last became painful to his fiancee.
Comrade.
"Ole," sh e said desperately, "why
Sec our club rate offer; 50 cents
don 't yon say something?"
a yea r when they come in fours.
"Ay tank," Ole replied. "they
bane too much said already.''
100 Per Cent Settlement
SEA'!' OF HER EMOTION
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
A girl who saw the Atlantic Ocean
Insurance Underwriter
for the first time was standing on
360 1. w .' Hellman Building
th e bearh, gazing dreamily over the Los Angeles, Cal.
Tel. A-455'1
eX:rans<> of foaming water.
"So this is the first time you've
ever seen .tfhc ocean?" said her es- Every evening till 6. Sundays 11 to 12
Oscaf -WINBURN-Charlea
C.or.
t
"Yes, th e verv first time."
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
"And what do yon think of it?" 700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
"Ah !" she sighed in ecstasy, "it
Phone A-3638
smells jnst likr oysters. " -Argonaut.
NOTARY PUBLIC
�31
The Western Comrade
SOME INCUBATION
''Speaking of h ens, '' said truthful
Bill, ''reminds me of an old hen my
dad had on a farm in Dakota. She
would hatch out anything from a
tennis ball to a lemon·. · ·w hy, one
day she sat on a piece of ice and
hatched out two quarts of hot
water.''
" That doesn't come up to a clubfooted hen my old mother once had, ''
said one of his hearers. " Th ey had
heen f eeding her by mistake on saw~
dust instead of oatmeal. ·w ell, she
laid twelve eggs and sat on them,
and when they were hatched eleven
of the chickens had wooden legs and
1he twelfth was a woodpecker.''
I
REVOLT
IN MEXICO
I
THE PARASITE
The schoolmaster was giving his
t· la ss a littl e serious talk about laziJH•ss, and was drawing a picture of
th e habitu al loafer and his ultimate
fate.
"Now, who," he asked dramatically, "is the miserable, worthless,
wretched individual who gets food,
t·lothing and shelter from his fellows and gives nothing whatev er in
return ?''
There was an instant 's breathless
silPnce, and then a small voice
ehirp ed:
"Please, sir, the baby!"
J,O\V JN THE SCALE
Th e child-labor law in New Jersey
having gone into effect, it is said
that a great many parents who hitherto have dep end ed upon the labor
of their children are now at their
wits' end to liv e. The factory owners have naturally (or unnaturally )
made 'th e most of this. Th ey have
discharged children over fourteen
(the age limit ) in order to intensify
the di.stress.
This illustrates in what a bad way
any state may find itself when it has
come to d epend upon children for
the support of its working classes.
- Life.
Read the Co~rect Interpretation of Underlying Motives m the
.Most Remarkable and Valuable Book of the Year
The Mexican People-The.i r Struggle for Freedom
I
-By-
L. Gutierrez de La.ra and Edgcumb Pinchon
'
l'
'l'
l'
Eugene V. Debs says:
"• • • It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the tillers of
the soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have b een struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one }~and by the Roman Church and on the
'other by the military power."
l'
l'
l'
Georgia Kotsch says:
"• •
• It strips the glamor of
b@n evolent moti es from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents th e stark truth that
Am er-ican and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against the proletariat of
Mexi co for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degr ee and in varying circumstances the
story of th e proletariat in every country.''
qUICK ACTION
I
'!'he amateur gardener saw an ad I
l' l' l'
in a farm paper. Th e ad· r ead as
foll ows:
" How to remove weeds without
labor. TPn minutes does th e trick.
Price $1.50
Send $2 for recipe.' '
W <· will send you this book and The Western Comrade for one
Th e amateur gardenet' sent the
Two cla?S later he received th e
year for $1.50.
l't>l' ipe. It read as follows:
I
"1\Tarry a widow ."
'--------------------------------•
Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
$2. 1
�The Western Comrade
32
WoRKERS
WAN~ED
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY~ in the Antelope Valley,
Los Angeles County~ California,· needs hundreds of men and
their families
This is an opportunity of a lifetime to Solve the problem of unemployment and provide for the future of yourself and
children .
We have land and water, machinery and experts at the head of each department of pr.o duction and construction.
Experienced ranchers are in demand, but such experience is not absolutely necessary.
Men and women of nearly all useful occupations will find their place in this colony. Especi al need for a tailor, a blacksmith, carpenter, cement worker, experienced bee - keeper, baker and cook, expert poultryman and a stockman.
Every member an equal shareholder in the enterprise. Every worker to get the full _social product of his efforts.
Co-operation
1s
not merely a WORD-it is ACTION
For full particulars address
MESCAL WATER AND LAND CO.
JOB
HARRIMAN~
President
924 Riggin·. Building. Los Angeles Cal.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Western Comrade, 1914-09
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-09
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n05_191409
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2018-07-18
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LIB-021
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v02n05
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32 p.
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United States -- California -- Los Angeles County -- Los Angeles -- Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/cc5ee743b154a13e675e3eb2dc93d15c.pdf
a0eda9fdae2b4c6463e1550143e08142
PDF Text
Text
,.
Formerly "THE,'iWESTERN COMRADE"·
.
---~
.
JU-NE, 1918
Price 10 Cents
George Bernard Shaw,
on The lnternatiqn .
--.
------The-·--Future
the · Socialist .Party .
----.. -....__of
_ --- -·
-~ - - ~ -
' - ·- ·· · -
By RALPH KORNGOLD
~- --~-
- - ~ "- ....._ __ . ....
.
,
Is Compulsory Military
Service De.$b~ble?·
...
,
.
· -A SYMPOSIUM
·~- Christianity
and Pacifism ·
By R. B. WHITAKER
,
. ...
Fighting With Co-operation
Bz_ C. F. LOWRIE
The- ~nee of Theosophy
By SCOTI .CLOUGH
_ · ·-M·'l", !ltf .ei
�..._,.-'I,
/
-- -·
-
Land Secured Memberships
From the v ~ ry fint the question h as been asked regarding the selished, which will marke t their goods for the m at a sav ing, which will
curity that would be given the investor. Heretofore, it has not b een
assist them in purchasing, a nd which will in other ways secure them
the c ustom to give such security. But now the a rrangements have been
a greater share in the product of their labor, and save them from czploicomple ted w hich permit members to be LAND SECURED.
ta tion in many ways.
The Llano · Co-operati ve Colony is the dnly one which h as ever been
HOW
TO PURCHASE A LAND-SECURED MEMBERSHIP
organi~d to combine this security of ownership wi th the adva.1tages ot
complete co-opera tion.
First send for ap Applicaiion- for Membe rship form. This must be
Unde r the new arrangement, every member is taken in on probation.
secured from, the Membership Department ·. of the Llano Co-operative
This is protection to .the colony, protection to the member himself, proColony at Stables or Leesville, Louisiana. The post office address is
Leesville; the colony is a Stables.
tec tio n lo every other me mLe r.
This application -form will ask many questions. It will be passeil on
Under this sys tem. each membe r may come to the colony on prob;~
by the Membe rship Department of the Board of Directors. If it is action . They w ill not be accep ted on a ny o ther grounds.
cepted, the member may then pay out and will be given a deed to a
Expeirence h as li\u1:ht the colony tha t this is th'e only just and fair
way.
trac t of for ty acres or more of land.
-~
A membership in the colony is conditional o n a year's residence a nd
The inc01ning niember is sold a t rac t of 40 or more ac res o f la nd.
work in the colony, · a nd canno t be secured before this time. When the
He is given a d eed to this la nd a nd it is his. Arrangements a re made
I
fu ll required amou nt is paid in acco rding to the scale below, l11e membeq'
a t the same time to come into the colony as a Probation Member.
Probation mclnbe rs will have every right and privilege as regula r colis permitted to bring his family to the colony, to occupy a colony hou;;e
ony members du ring the proba tion period except the 1 ;ght to vote.
[
a nd . to be employed. by the colony just as. o ther members arc_H1s rate of pay w1ll depend on the preva1lmg wage bcmg pa1d, a•nd
A t any time during the probation year, the membe r may make up
may vary w ith condi tions, but all stock-ho lders in the colony arc paid
his mmd to ta ke his t rac t of la nd instead o f rema ining in the colony.
according to the same wage scale, no matter what the work they are
In this case his con trac t o f employment is annulled, a nd he is f rce to do
as he w 1shcs regardin g his la nd .
' d oing may be. Those who a re contempla ting ultimate membership are
paid on the same basis as regular members, a nd their families a re paid.
At a ny time that th e Probation Member is found not to be true to
the colony's best inte;esls, tha t he is unfair to the oth e r comrades, or
A contrac t of employment is entered into between the p rospective
member and the colony which sta tes specifically h is relation to the
tha t he fads to do his duty <•S a colonist or ma kes himself undesirable,
colony. Wh en the yea r is up h e becomes a regular member, as herehe may h ave his contrac t of employment a nnulled, in which event h e
may go to his land. This is the colo ny's protec tion ~gains ! the chronic
tofore explained.
trouble-make r, the pe rso n \vho comes to s tir up dissension, the rnan
The cost of memberships was raised on May I, 191 8, a nd put o n a
sliJing scale as follows:
o r woman who is opC'ra. ting within the colony for purposes other th a n
I
the colo ny's w elfare. The colony h as had such persons; it now has
Single ma n, $ 1,000 Add for wife, $200 Dependent over 20, $200
Dependen t, 12 to 20, $150 Dependen t under 12, $100
a convenient me thod of ridding it self o f them.
From this table it will be possible to compute very easily the cos1 or
A t inc end of the y ea r, if the new member discove rs tha t he likes
e ntrance fee for memberships. This table is based on the cost of
the colo ny. and if in the mean time his records arc clean and he is tho t
to be wholly desirable as a colo nist, he has the privilege of excha nging
_~l~i~~~~~~ -~r.i!tg~~~!J'~- .... -·-- ...--- ..,_~'----'---
~ his deed to land for s toc k in the co lony_y'!~L"-'JU1'1"'o;,; ,fig . ~ fJit -tted.;~j
WARNING AGAINST ALLEGED AGENTS
~ member.
, . - . . / -'
~
There a re various persons a nd associa tions purporting lo sell s lock
WljAT
MEMBERSHIPS MEAN
w ith membership privileges in the colo ny.
In tho past there h ave been persons who found themselves unable J'o
NO STOCK IS BEING SOLD WHICH G IVES MEMBERSHIP PHIVadapt themselves to the colony . Many of them were p e rsons who ea rnLEGES!
estly desired to do so, and they were much disappoin ted a t no t being
The o nly way to become a member in the Llano Co-operati ve Colony
able lo gel the p leasure and enjoyment a nd benefit from the colony
i< th ru the p urchase of LAND-SECURED MEMBERSHIPS. The o wnerthat they sho uld h ave, and tha t o thers did. It was no t their fa ult ;
ship of stock in the Llano del Rio Company does ~ot o f itself give a ny
they simply could no t ad apt themselves .
ri ghts of reside nce .
unde r the new La nd-Secured Membe rship plan, such pe rsons may go
. Those expec ting to purchase stock, those h olding stock, and those
to their la nd, d evelop it, farm indi vidually, live in close proximity to
now under cont rac t o f purcha se of stock sho uld correspond w ith the
the colony, and enjoy many of its advantages a nd bcnf·flt ~ , n~3is lin g in
colo ny. Installment members are par ticula rly warned against p u rchasthe building of the Co -ope rative Commonwealth.
ing stock from any source o ther tha n the ma in o ffices of the MemberThen the re arc those w ho fear that they may no t like the cvlony and
ship Depa rtme nt. Seve ral persons h ave been defrauded by p urch asfear to pu t thei r money into the colo ny. Under the new La nd-Secured
ing wha t they 'believed to be legitima te stock, carrying working con·
Membership plan they do so with the full knowledge that they h ave o ne
trac ts, or the privileges of living a nd working a t the coiO!IY· The
yem in which to make up their minds, a nd tha t during tha t year they
colony will not be responsible unless these instruc tions are followed.
will be living in the colo ny and will be employed by the colo ny. It
NEW MEMBER'S WORKING CONTRACT
they decide · that they can do better alone, then the privilege is open
at all times to do so.
During h is probatio n yea r, the n~w · membe r will be employed in the
colo ny, working a t the industries or o n the main body o f the colony
COLONY DEVELOPMENT PLANS
reservation, the Llano Plantation. He will not work on his own land
The p lan for developing the colony will no t b e changed in a ny res ·
du rn g tha t time. He will be in every respect o n the same footing as all
peel. A large cent ral body o f 6000 o r more ac res of land will be d eregular members. He w ill be paid a wage. live in a colony house, en·
veloped for the colony. and will b e farmed co-operatively to such
joy the benefits and advantages o f colony life. Only in the event that
crops as arc best adap ted to this locality ad to the soil, an<l which
he makes himself ohnox iou~ to the o ther colonists, o r h imself d esires
promise the bes t re turns. The building of a c ity which shall havo !h e
to leave will this be ch an~ed. Othe rwise a t the e nd of a yea r he exmosl beauty. the ulmos ~ convenience, the greates t effiicicncy, anJ lhc
changes his land fo r a regular stock -membership. However, if he demost striking ch araclc risticr., combining w ith these things comfo rt and
c ides tha t he d oes no t like. the colo ny he can a t a ny time go o n to his
ori!-\inality, will be carried ou t. No definite time is set; the work w ill
o w n la nd and develop it according to his own idees.
be carried o n as rapidly as possible.
')bus the new Land-Secured Membe rship does not ch ange the relaThe huge 16 .000-acre planta tion will be developed as rapidly as
ho ns of the colony to the member, b ut me rely gives h im this additional
possible. The 6.000 acres or more reserved for the colony will be
security . Most of tho se wh o come will never go to their land , pro·
d eveloped first. T he land securing memberships will b e sold contiguhably. but will always re~in as colo nists.
o us to or n ear this colo ny reserva tion, but no t in it, for the colony
•Membership Department
would no t wan t it cut up into p riva te h oldings.
Industries will be established as rapidly as circumsta nces justify.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Those who decide to take their land and' fa rm individually should d eStables, Louisiana
rive much b enefit from the co-operative industries which will be estab-
j
.I
··
••
,
LMI.~:5£CURED
-
�Political
Action
C o - o p e r,a t i o
s
D
0
"The Most Constructive Magazine for Socialism in America."
E.
.
N
'
ATI
Formerly "TH.E
WESTERN
N
LIST
COMRADE"
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916. al the postoffice at Llano, Cal., under Act of March 3, 1879.
Application for entry as second-class matter at the postoffice at leesville, La., pending.
JOB
HARRIMAN ............ Managing Editor
ALANSON SESSIONS........Associate Editor.
ERNEST S. WdOSTER....Business Manacer
---- - - - ·-- -- - · - ----- - ... - - - - Subscription Rate: $1.00 a year; Ca~ada, $1.25; Single copies, JOe; Clubs of Five -o.r more (in U. S.) $3.00. Publishers and
others are invited to copy at will from THE INTERNATIONALIST, but are asked to give credit. In making change of address,
always give your former one so that the mailing department may be· certain that the right name is changed.' Please do not send subscriptions, changes of address, complaints, etc., to individuals. ·Address ALL communications to The Llano Publications, Leesville, L'a.
Tbe Internationalist neither approves nor disapproves the seqtiments expressed in contributions not signed by one of the editors.
Vol. VI.
No.2
By Job Harriman
U
PON the breaking out of the war, Germany sta rtled the world wi th siege guns.
Necessity dema nded that the Allies employ
similar guns for defense.
Again Germa ny attacked her enemies with poisoned
gases. And again the Allies were forced to employ the
same· methods to save themselves from annihilation.
Again Germany startled the world by dropping
bombs from flyin g machines on London and other
And again the Allies were forced to meet
any with similar machines.
it is reported that Germany ts convertii1g the
of those who die from wounds into nitroglycere those who are killed outright a re said to be
into oleomargerine for table use.
possible that we will be forced to adopt this
will win the war. its e fficiency will be measnot by ethical reasons but by the qua ntity, quality· and availability of the supply.
If it is true that 400,000 Germans were killed in two
weeks, the supply would seem abundant and the quality sufficient.
Saving this world for democracy. seems destined to
brutalize the race.
Whether the' outcome will be better than it would
have been under Wils~n's early peace policy is indeed
a grave question.
T
-----o-
HE ra ilrpads, under private ownership, broke
down under
mands came
the stress of business when wa r dethem.
The Government· came to their rescue, put affairs in
order, increased the efficiency, handled vastly larger
amounts of frei ght and ~ade a larger profit than the
railroads have made in previous years.
Therefore: - The law provides that the Government
should return the roads to private control soon after
the war is over.
Wha t fool s we mortals be!
--0--
THE first installment of wealth conscription Js now
on.
Why not?
If it is right to conscript human energy, it must be
right to conscript the product of human energy.
. Wha t was wrong under old conditions may become
right under new cotiditions.
If it has become right by reason of necessity for the
goverumcnts of the earth to conscript the wealth of
the nations, it may yet become right for the common
pie of the world to conscript the bonded indebtedness
of the world.
Necessity knows no law.
- -o- -
N
ONRESISTANCE in Russia , if properly understood, will become a most powerful
factor
against Germa ny and indeed, world, autocracy.
The war was started by Germa ny .on the theory of
the defense of the fatherland against Russia.
To this standard the German people rallied.
But the war is being ended by the annexation of
vast nonresistan t Russian territory.
Against this standa rd the German people will rebel.
(
�,.
The German people, led by the German Socialists,
are with the people of Russia and against the despotism
of the Kaiser.
The people of the Central Powc:rs fear a victory by
the Allied governments.
The people of the Allied countries fear a victory
by the governments of the Central Powers.
But the people of either belligerent power do not
fe c.r the people of the other.
An offer by the Allies to the German people to open
the ports and the wat_~;r highways of the world to all
peoples alike; to disarm all nations; to abandon all
ideas of victory; to abandon the idea of conquest or
forcible annexation ; to grant absolute freedom and
self-gove rnment to every people; to establish a United
States of the World: -this would start a revolution in
Germa ny and end the war with the downfall of autocracy.
---o--
W
AR profits have trebled the number of millionaires and qu adrupled the number of mul timillionaires since 1914, and their, high prices have impoverished the people that made s~ch fo rtunes possible.
Wages have been increased a little, but prices have
gone up enormously.
The difference in the advance in prices over wages
expresses the amount of which labor has been robbed.
The earnings of labor therefore, should not be touched until all the profits and property of the profiteers
have been taken.
I . Conscription of the profits of the profiteers.
2. Conscription of the wealth of the profiteers.
3. Conscription of all other wealth proportionately.
4. Con scription of the bonded indebtedness, if necessary.
If the war is right, this program is right.
The people will support the program while food lasts.
The profiteers will fight it.
Their patriotism is born of profits.
Their war fever will die with wealth conscnptlon.
Wealth conscription \\ill last while the war lasts, even
though c"anscription takes ~so the dregs.
We are in the war, and wealth as well as life will
pay the penalty.
-o--
T
HE conservation of food is now the all important
world question.
.
Wheatless days, porkless days, meatless days, with
prices soaring higher and ever higher, means that a
famine is rising like a wave of creeping paralysis over
the world.
What has hitherto been a world que~ion is now
rapidly becoming a personal question.
The war is forcing us to Hooverize food. The fatnine will force us to Fletcherize it.
Hooverizing food is reducing the quantity.
Fletcherizing food is chewing it until it is a liquid
and all taste is gone, before swallowing.
If Fletcherized, one_ haH the food we now eat will
nourish us better than we are now nourished.
Our lives will soon be judged by this standard.
The day of judgment is near at hand. The judge.
is .stern . and relentless. His name is Famine and his
judgment is "Fletcherize or death!"
-o--
W
E ARE all very freakish at times. Ideas that are
approved today are condemned tomorrow.
Some like the thought because they like the man
who uttered it.
Later, if they form a dislike for the man , they dislike
the thought.
This seems impossible, but it is true even among
Socialists. We have known men to approve our editorials, and object only because they wished the editorials were more radical. Later, while angry, they
disapproved them, thought they were too radical, and
sought to _arouse the authorities against us because we
wrote them.
This is a terrible picture of a Socialist mind.
He is not a Socialist?
Tell him so and a fight is on.
The fight will convince him that he is and you
he is not, a Socialist.
It is apparent that an editor of a Socialist
has a difficult road · to travel.
If he is too radical, the authorities will suppress
If he is too conservative, the Socialists will
him .
If he is not absolutely clear a1id conciie, his
will misconstr~e him .
Yet hope sustains and charity makes life
-o--
E
NGLAND and the United States have recently
seized many Dutch ships and put them into ser-
VlCe.
The conservative press finds that this: is a violation
of international Jaw and hold~ up-. its' tnds in holy
terror against the act, crying' "No pre ent! " "No .
law!"
Of-course, there IS no law. All law ends when war
begins. Were the old laws sufficient, wars would ·not
develop.
Being insufficient, and all commercial ..1ations being
;
{
�to agree upon a new rule of action, they resort
During hostilities they do whatsoever they have the
to do in line with their interests.
Such acts become the rule of action for the future.
Hitherto, it has been .wrong, but henceforth it will
right to seiz.e the ships of weaker ne~tral powers and
press them into service. ·
Thus commercial law is born and its wisdom ( })
' fested.
he cannot see the degrading
ncies of brute force}
--o-LOVE!
premium upon good character by sending a thrill of joy through the heart of the rightfor every righteous act. Thus it blaz.es a pathway
ever-increasing happiness through a world of tribuations, to a haven of blissful wisdom.
It opens the heart and mind of all by the touch of
magic wand.
It demands honesty and good faith and yields in rern absolute liberty.
It open s beautiful fields of activity on every hand
bids its children welcome.
--o-
GREED!
undermines and destroys character; adds
ambition to power and bitterness, and anguish of
to both.
leads into entangled briers and quagmires, blindits eyes with deceit and robbing itself of under-
!:?orne are opposed to taking. part in the 'war; some are
in favor of it. The same is true of the entire citizenship.
\
Those who are opposed to the war are, for the most .
part, believers in the doctrine of pacifism. . They are
not cowards. They · will ·
for their convictions.
Neither are those who believe in war cowards. They
will die for their convictions, No man is a coward
. who will lay · down his life for his convictions.
· The pacifist would rather be killed than to kill. We
find pacifists among the Socialists and among all religious denominations. We find them also among the
general citizenship.
·What are ·we to do with thoie who oppose war be- .
cause they believe it wrong to kill-who would be
killed before they would kill?
· What shall we do with this fact?
Every pacifist, who, upon oath, declares that he
would not take life, should be excused from combatant
service, just as a juryman who is opposed to capital
punishment is excused from jury service.
I am more than confident th~t. as a compromise,
ninety-live percent of the pacifists would render most
efficient non-combatant service while they would die
or go to prison rather than render combatant service.
Opening the opportunity for non-combatant service
to all such persons would unite the forces in the United
States in a manner that each could render service in
keeping with his conscience.
Better "by far have a united country with the service
of all in this manner, than a disunited country, however large or small the factions may be.
die
A
•
--o--
RE the Socialists of Russia responsible for German
.
success in the far East?
Many capitalist papers and magaz.ines are flaunting
this theory before the world.
They are still clinging to capitalism.
They do not know it is dying.
They do not know it is dead in Russia.
\
is
being
~rn
They
do
not
know
that
the
new
order
FTER a year of struggle and disappointment, the
./
Socialist party of the United States is beginning . now among the Slavs.
They
do
not
scent
the
decay
of
the
old.
see that the policy outlined by the Majority report
They will not know the new when it comes.
at St. Louis was it profound mistake.
Forgive them: they know not what they do. They
goes without saying that Socialists have always
· war. For a quarter of a century we saw con- belong to the dying past.
Let the dead bury their dead.
developing that were leading directly to this
--o-and ~e did all within our power to avert it.
dwells in the mansion of prospective possibilH ~~E
Ities.
country is engulfed, what shall the SoDespair dwells in the mansion of prospective impossishall we take?
bilities.
.
closes evety honest heart and mind against it,
treachery ·as its stepping-stone upon which it deinto intellectual bondage.
pillages every field it enters, ravishes everything
bewilders every heart in which it dwells , and
of all.
--o--
--
�Page six
.,
Will Birth Control Decrease
Prostitution?
No
one can give a guarantee:J answer . to ~his question.
The evidence is not all m. But Judgmg from the
experience of those countries where birth control inform <.tion has been most easily and longest accessible, and
considerin g some of the most persistent impulses in huma11
nature, it is a fair prophecy that birth control will ·s ubstantially lesse n prostitution.
The two so rb of men who mostly patronize prostitutes are
th e youn g men. who cannot afford to marry, and the married
men whose rela tion s with their wives are rendered abnormal
by th e fea r of unw a nted pregnancy. Knowledge of reliable
scientifi c methods of contraception can hardly fail to lessen
th e pros titution evil in both in stances.
N ~thin a in modern civili zation is more tragic and more of
a n outrag0e upon nature th an that young people of the mating
age should be driv en by economic necessity to lead lives that
a rc either sexu ally sta rved or sexu ally perve rted . More
a nd mo re youn g men and women a re afraid to marry for
fea r th ey ca nnot pay th e bill s of a family.
Ca n th ey be blamed? Eve n be for e the wa r, the cost of
li vin g was goin g up ste adily, and the a vera ge fa ther of a
famil y wa s ea rnin g less th a n $500 per yea r. Since th e war,
th e purchas in g power of th e dollar has dropped to 47c and
th e a veraae in crease in waoes is not more th a n 20 percent.
In som e ~cc upation s th ere "'ha s bee n no increa se wha tever.
Under such circum sta11ces to deliberately brin g littl e folks
into th e world becomes almost crimina l. T o do it unintention ally is to be victimized by a cruel situation in which the
parent s suffer, the children suffe r, and society suffers. But
this is what people face, who marry without knowled ge of
birth control.
How different is the ca se with knowl edge ? Ih ~n th e
youn g folks can na turally marry when they fa ll in love- say
itl th eir ea rly twenties. They can spend th e first few years
getting adjusted to each other while both of the1~ a re earning money. They can hope to tuck away. a httle safety
bank account for the babies, and then- say in th eir late
twenties or early thirties- they can let the babies come,
knowin g that they will be welcomed, and will be fairly secured
from want.
Under such circumstances, with mental strain and nervous
~pprehet;sion reduced to the minimum, well-ma ted _youn?
married people are fre e to develop a secure compamonsh1p
that not only provides a splendid foundation for the family.
but it serves as the best possible preventive of the abnormal
conditions which lead a man to patronize a prostitute.
It is a fair conclusion al so that birth control information
w.il! go a long way toward stabilizing marriage it.self as well
as diminishin g prostitution. The fear of Ull\Vlshed pregnancy is doubtless one of the largest factors in killing love.
Many a couple who have lived through tragedy and separation , would today be together and happy if only they
had known enough to " space" their babies as th ey wanted
them , and had been spared that nerve-racking consta nt terror
of discovering that another unwanted baby was comin g.
There are relatively few men who prefer prostitution to
natural mating. It is a perversion which is acquired largely
because of unjust economic conditions and ignorance of how
to make and keep love relations free from disastrous compli·
cations. Birth Control is not a cure-all for every human woe,
help that can hardly be overestimated in ·
'±!,ch the lack of · '
\
The
country once rescues · the subject from the shocki
connection it has had with obscenity and immorali
out-of-date statutes, which make it a crime to give
ceptive information, it will be clear that birth contr
harmony with nature and evolution instead of against
it is biologically sound and socially beneficial.
Nature gave us our brains to use, and we cannot
our hunger or our need for clothes or for shelter
using our brains. It is equally true that we cannot
our sex impulses successfully without the use of our .
Unaided nature is cruel if we do not intelligently
erate and control and conquer.
-MARY WARE DENN
Is Birth Control Dangerous
Women's Health?
T
HIS QUESTION is often asked and the answer
The beginning of any new life consists of
·
junction of the male and female germ.
need be no mystery about it for nature follows
the same rule throughout all her kingdoms.
flowers.
Suppose we take a peep into Luther Burbank's
we shall probably find that several flowers are
white gauze. This is done to control the
plant- to prevent conception taking place, except
gardener wishes it. The flower is the sex organ of
And now it is in order to a sk, does this control
pl a nt? Any ga rdener who knows his business
a nd say, no. It is through this means that the
is able to improve the flower or rather the plant,
still , the species.
But supposing this was a great secret and
bun gler came alon g and used a red or a black
of th e white or sprayed it with poisonous
ass uredly it would injure the flower. There is a
and a wrong way of doin g everything. There is
th at thousa nds of ignorant , ill-informed people inj
sel ves because no clean hygienic means of birth
allowed to be tau ght. It is just exactly this that
control movement came into the field to do away
ill-in formed people firmly believe that birth control
of abortion or the takin g of poisonous medicine,
fa kers and grafters of all kinds flourish on this ·
Al so the medica l profess ion flourishes on this i
of course, far be it from me, a mere lay member,
th a t honorable body of wanting to keep the
people in ignora nce on this matter, for any
or profession al interest. However, the family
well-filled purse ·.•ever had any trouble in gettir:gll
formation from the family physician, while
and fath er ge£ nothing as a rule except a P•u•c~~·•u••
or a ben evolent shake of the honorable head.
"The information of birth control would ruin all
girl s," a sserted a benevolent doctor. "But, dear
tes ted , "who says we are in the field to teach
birth control? Besides, if the human race has
nothing but a tribe of potential mothers who are
ponsible as a nimals, we may as well call it off
that human evolution is a huge failure."
The fact of the matter is that .the
would have a very
�~-·
." ·· !:!)
The
Internationalist
Page seven
The Story of American Socialis-m
By Lincoln Phifer,- Editor "The New World."
I
I. THE COLONIZING PERIOD
T
Chapter 6 .
THE CAPITALISTIC COLONY
HE MERE FACT that the lcaria'n s had lost chiefly
through land swindles calls attention to the further fact
that during the period that marked the drama they
played on the stage of America, capitalist control of indust-ry
for purposes of exploitation had developed strongly in this
country. It gained its first strength chiefly through manipulations of large bodies of land, until it became a force stronger
than the altruism that wished to use the land .. fo.r nobler·
purposes. The new force began to exercise its influence' on
the community proposition in a way which embraces all the
elements of incongruity that make it deliciously humorous.
A capitalistic proposition that turned into a communistic
society a nd then reverted to the capitalistic form came as·
the inverted climax to the drama of the communities.
This variation of the religious colony was brought about
by joseph Noyes about 1834. The first point of difference
between it and other colonies lay in the fact that the promotor was a native of America instead of a foreigner. The
second divergence came through the establishment of manufacture as the basis of the colony, instead of agriculture, as
with the other colonies. A third line of demarcation lay
in the fact tha t it began as a joint stock proposition.
The Oneida community was at its inception a family enterprise, amounting to a partnership. As others expressed
a desire to join the work, a nd as the writings of Cabot began
to influence the whole people, communistic features were
added. The communistic idea was, therefore, in this case,
afterthought, while in the other communities it was the
r.oncept. The company first and then the community
steel traps, traveling bags, and silks, a nd enthe preservation of fruits. Everything they did
done, and the community acquired the reputation
Yet, up to 1857, the operations of the coma ·Joss of about $40,000. Then, however, a
develop, and within ten years the community
product for which it attained a national and
was "community silver," consisting of table
Oneida community developed characteramong the very first institutions in the
f favoring total abstinence from inIn religious
to cha ~;el slavery.
remarkabfe. It advocated and per," yet under such conditions that
· s. The three doctrines menmeet general approval. Consefor severe criticism. Churches
account of their "freedom of
It is quite likely that the
'nst the Marxian Socialists
.. st this isolated body or
while being in reality
colonies. The very fact that he was the historian indicates
that the curtain had been run down on the drama. The
unities were completed, and the ending was capitalistic, as
though to call attention to the new force that was in control
of things. The drama of the colonies had been picturesque;
heroic, full of action, combined with the most somber pathos
and deli<;ate humor, and through it all there ran high nisolve
and deep philosophy. It had developed a literature of its
own. It had produced a philosophy most beautiful , and advanced new, great ideas of its own. It had touched thP.
world.
ECHOES OF THE COLONY WAVES
I. MORMONISM
J
OSEPH SMITH, founder of Mormonism, was in the
neighborhood of one of the religious colonies, and also
near the home of the Fox Sisters. For six months he
roomed with an avowed socialist. That he was influenced
by these surroundings is plain from his subsequent actions.
Smith began preparation for his work by making a book
tha t claimed both inspiration and authority. In this he had
a surer ground for building a permanent movement than any
of his predecessors had. When he founded his colony at
Zoar, Ohio, he bound them to him with faith that provoked
enthusiasm, and the church he orga nized sent missionaries
throu gh a ll the world. From Ohio his colony moved to
Fa r West and lndepend-nce, Mo. It prospered, but met opposition from his neighbors. Finally, it was forced to leave
Missouri and took refuge in Illinois. Here it grew, accumula ted wealth and began to exercise a strong political influence, Smith even announcing himself as a candidate for
president. Probably it was the disturbing element in politics more tha n anything else that led to the persecutivn of
the Mormons in Illinois, culminating in the killing of Smith
and his brother, Hiram.
Brigham Young was chosen the new president of Mormonism, and, selling the Nauvoo lands to the lcarians, prepared to seek a home in the distant west. The journey of
the Mormons to Utah is one of the most daring and romantic
things in American history. The taming of the desert by
these spiritualists and co-operators under autocratic control
is a marvel of achievement. And through it all, they sent
missiona ries throughout all the world, established new 'c olonies in other states and even in other nations, and attaitie.d
a political power that dominated the west for many decades.
But the practice of polygamy led to a split in the church, and
a new Mormonism was established with headquarters at Independence, Missouri, near Kansas City.. This branch pros\
pered and grew. Both elements have persisted to the present;l
and seem to have a permanence that is predicated, doubtless, ·
on religious beliefs and practices more than on co-operation .
Yet both freely admit that it was early co-operation that enabled then to accomplish the remarkable work they did, and
it is a peculiar kind of co-operation that makes good their
boast that there are no pauper Mormons.
0
" as they called
themselves
2.
0
0
OTHER RELIGIOUS COLONIES
The Perfectionist 1.1ovement had as its central thought the
second coming of Christ. Long after it had its day, Peter
Armstrong, an Adven~st preacher, claimed he was ·
(
�Page eight
The
I,
luterl'at i onal t'st·
to select a retired community for the reception of the 144,- 1870 Albert K. Owen, a civil engineer, no relation of Robert,
000 saints during the last days of trial. Accordingly, he ar- came upon an inland sea in Mexico, which the Indians calranged to buy 2500 acres of lanci in the Allehenies, in Penn- . led Topolombampo. The site charmed him, and he interested
sylvania. The land was solemnly deeded to Almighty God.
The Armstrong family renounced allegiance to all earthly
governments, and then for uine years he, his wife and seven
children labored in preparing the l<:.nd for the future work.
fin ally they were JOined by bt:J others. H<! published a
paper at the :1 . r ,~~. which he called "Celesr:• ," termed lhe
Day ~tar of Zwn, which att:ti11ed a moderate cir ~ iJ a~;o. J and
awakened much ~.1lhusiasm. It a;J;Jeared that hundred; were
ready to join the colony, when, being unable to make a
living, Armstrong abandoned the land and moved to . Philad elphia.
.
·
During the Millerite excitement in 1843, Frederick T. Howland founded a colony on the farm of Leonard Fuller in the
neighborhood of Boston , called Adonai-Shomo. Some ·of
the colonists introduced revolting practices and made ex-·
tra vagan t claims th'lt resulted in the breaking up of the colony.
The Menuonites, Germans who lived in Russia, fled from
Europe to avoid going to war, and established numerous cpmmunities in various portions of the United States. Each of
these communities bought about 30,000 acres of la nd and
contained some 125 members.
They farmed , raised stock,
and prospered. Many of the communities still exist, the colonists commandin g high esteem from their neighbors, and
being financially well fixed.
Thomas L. Ha rris, after a successful ministry in other
churches, became a -spiritist and founded, in 185 I , the Mountain Cove community of spiritists. The experiment was short
lived. Afterward he founded the Brockton community in
New York. It attracted men and women of culture. This
failed, and he later established a colony in California, at
Santa Rosa. Here he sta rted what he called The Brotherhood of the New Life.
Cyrus W. Teed, who called himself Koresh, devised a new
system of cosmogony and religion, and attracted followers,
leading them to the establishment of a colony at E<lstero,
Floriad. The colony is still in existence, although its founder
has passed on. He claimed to be under supernatural control.
At Benton Harbor, Michigan, "Benjamin a nd Mary" have
a community which they call The House of David. There are
colonies with simila r religious tenets at other points. They
prosper a nd have many conveniences and beautiful surroundings in their communistic homes.
Dr. J. B. Newbrough, of New York City, about 1882 pubd a large and stri_king volume, cal!e_d "Oahspe," purpor_to have beeil received from the spmt world by automatic
ng. One of its instructions· was to take New York waifs
1d raise t h e m into good citizens in ·~ community far reoved from contaminating infiuences. Accordingly, a comunity was established late r on in New Mexico , called
halem. and referred to as the Children's land. Inhabitants
f the community were allowed to live much as they
pleased. except tha t they were not allowed to own houses or
lands that they did not actually use, and had to contribute
a tenth of their income to the support of the orphans that
were brought in from the slums of the cities. Many children
were raised into good citize.nship. But the community fell
into disuse when the children who ' were adopted at its inception grew up. The cuit based on Oaspe, however, is a
growmg force to this day.
1
0
0
0
Ill. SOCIALIST COMMUNITIES
Owen had dreamed of a colony in Mexico.
In
others in the project that came to him, of starting a com-.
munistic colony there. They obtained a grant of 30,000
acres from the Mexican government. The land was laid out,
a third bejng devoted to public grounds, parks and sites for
founders were not prepared for such a contingency, and
public buildings. Then advertisements were inserted in many
papers for colonists. Hundreds without means, and sometimes without health, appeared at the colony site. The
appeal had to be made for funds to support the colonists
until' buildings could be erected and land brought under cultivation. The ground was poor and far from markets.
The colony finally was moved to the coast. Here a system
of irrigation was .l and out and begun. But dissentions entered into this purely socialistic colony, many deserted and
finally the Mexican government ·cancelled the grant, and the
enterprise collapsed. The widespread interest it had awakened is shown in that seventeen states of ·the United Stats,
besides Canada and Mexico, were represented among the
colonistts .
After J. A. Wayland made a success of the "Coming Nation" at Greensburg, Indiana, he projected the Ruskin colony a t Ruskin,- Tenn. Everyone who contributed $100 or
secured 200 subscribers to the paper was reckoned a member. The land was bought without being seen and was of
poor quality. The colonists went on this land, and had to
cut timber and build huts in which to live. The newspaper
moved to this primitive camp. Conditions were so bad
during the first winter that the suffering colonists were moved
to seek a new location. They now selected land with a fine
cave and spring on it, still in Tennessee. Here they planned
big things. They had a rousing Fourth of july celebration
in the cave. The colony grew, and built, beside many resi-·
dences, a large printing office, a public hall and other improvements. A college was started, and the paper
But disscntions entered. Wayland finally withdrew
colony. The land and personal prop~rty was d'
public sale, and the colony removed to Duke, Ga.
fifty houses were built , a store, repair shop and
erected; manufacture of a cereal coffee, of
ers and of brooms were started ; a library of 1
was founded a nd woman's clubs were organ '
satisfaction entered again. Some of the col
Others wanted to move back to Tennessee.
la ter the properly of the -colony was sold
and the proceeds di vided among the
Nation" was discontinued. It was afte
Warren brothers, E. N. Richardson . and
at Rich Hill, Mo., and then again fell
Wayland by purchase.
The Colorado Co-operative Com
socialists. It claimed to have at ·
It was short lived.
T he Brotherhood Co-operative
was established by socialists
1895. The colony existed un
over internal dissen tion s~
A Co-operative B
ington, by socialists, in
slates and started
reorganiza tion later
features. a nd the
The Mutual
founded at Home,
bership of 155,
�The
lnterna.tionalist
i
A community was established at Kansas City with a
flourish and promise of wide cd-operation, in the early part
of the twentieth century, by Vrooman . . Domestic troubles
caused the collapse of the big plans, Vrooman's wife ·having
the money and shutting dowri on its expenditure.
Walter Thomas Mills had a school with co-operative, CO.Illmunistic features, at Kansas .City, for several years in the '
early part of this century:
.
A community was established at Ruskin, Florida · by a
Miller follower of Vroomait, .in the early days of the Marxian
movement, having a pap.er, a college, and not a few industries.
0
0
0
IV. MISCELLANEOUS COMMUNITIES
Martha MeWhirter, a pious Methodist of Texas, received •.
she said, revelations that prompted her to gather neighboring
women together for prayer and development. They not only
prayed, but they also managed their meager affairs so that
they might have a little money of their own. They even demanded rights for women. They were ostracised . and · then
mobbed. But they continued steadfast ·and blameless. They
finally pooled their savings, worked at odd spells, and from
the proceeds 'built a hotel and steam laundry. Some of their
husbands left them for daring to do such unwomanly things.
But they · persevered · and prospered. They became wealthy
in common property; then public opinion began to veer toward them. Finally they moved to Washington, D. C., and
there with their common property i1;corporated The Woman's
Republic of Washington, D. C. The twenty-four women led
blameless and useful lives, agitating for political and other
reforms, and as the Republic went to pieces through· the
death of the membership, its property, acording to their previous arrangement, went to the perpetuation of an orphan
asylum in Washington.
Madam Modjeska, Henry Sienkiewitz, author of "Quo
Vadis," and other Polanders, founded a co-operative, agricultural community in Orange county, California. · The property purchased was mortgaged and when the indebtedness
came due in 1878, it ceased to be.
Katherine Tingley has founded the Universal Brotherhood
organization a1id Theosophical society, a community at Point
·Leima , California. The membership grew to about 500.
· Single taxers . have a colony at Fairhope on the gulf in
Alabama. It 'has been in existence for many years, and has
a population of about 500. The members lease the land
from the company, but own their own homes al'tEI..Jmprovements, al1d engage in private enterprises. Land, ~ever,
is not held privately orso ld, but ·rat~er adminisfered by agents
of the community.
o o o
i have called these echoes of the five colony movements.
First, · because they did not represent a concerted effort to
accomplish world emancipation; second, they followed in
some respect the ideas of one or more of the former movements; and third, they did not take into account the changes
that had come since the early colony wave had swept over
Arrt'erica. These changes included the Mexican war and the
gold rush to California, which had broken over old frontiers
and tremendously enhanced individual initiative. They ineluded the development of trading, the creation of roads,
the building of canals, the growth of river traffic, the coming
of -the railroad,
· inception of the factory system. .Con·
enterpri·ses were very different
the colony waves· came to America.
made -their success, under the old
.of ,,realization.
'
'
The Ft;~rce ·of Frank Bohn ·· -·
Frank Bohn, once upon ·a time a Socialist, is one of the
renegade comrades who early in the war became infected with ·
the · virus of irresponsible patriotisqt and haughtily withdrew
hom the party, denouncing all who remained as· satellites ' of
Wilhelm and exponents of kultur.
.
.
. Frank assures us that while he' is enthusiastic about the war,
he is dead set against all that savors of militarism. ·
No~. we must CO;tfess that we have ~een slightly twisted
up by Mr. Bohn on this subject of militarism. Not very long ·
ago, in t~e now defunct "New Review," he was very positive
that a citizen army was the acme of absurdity. He KNEW it
was, because he had studied the thing, and had served in the
army. Moreover, he denounced a democratic arrriy as a standmenace to the right of Labor to ·rebel.
Yet, Mr. Bohn now maintains that the reason Germany is
and has been a menace to democracy and liberty . is because
of her autotratically picked and trai1ied army-that such an
. organization has poisoned the psychology. of the German people, and has made .them subservient to the will of the junkers.
Mr. Bohn says that a citizen an'ny is a farce . . May we suggest that the socialism of Frank Bohn is something of a farce,
also?
-A. S.
·R oosevelt Rants
Theodore Roosevelt pours out the vials of his wrath on ·the
Bolsheviki. He exoriates them for their disloyalty to the Allies." ·
He denounces them for referring to America as a cap~talist
nation. He says : ·
.
"We have had many evil capitalists in the United States,.
but on the whole the worst capitalists could not do the perm- •
anent damage to · the farmers and workingmen in America
. which these . foreign and native Bolsheviki would do if they
. 'had the power."
Utter rot! Mr. Roosevelt is either mendacious or he is the
ignoramus on social questions that many believe him to be.
Who was responsible . for the Bisbee deportations? The capita fi sts. Who was responsible for the St, Louis progrom?
The capi talists again. Did not Senator Johnson of California
prove that the American fleel Corporation was ·deliberately
grafting 011 · the United States government to the tune of sev- ·
era! million dollars? Ho~ ab~ut the recent revelations of corruption ·a nd graft concerning S~ift and Armour? We make:
the Aat state ment that CAPITALIST GREED HAS DONE
MORE TO PARAYLZE THE EFFICIENCY OF OUR WAR
. PREPARATIONS, A THOUSAND TIMES, THAN · THE
SPORADIC OPPOSITION OF ANTI-WARISTS.
Mr. Roosevelt is the unconscious tool of sinister capitalist
·interests that are daily securing a firmer grip on the destinies
of the American people.
_::.A. S.
--o-\., '
No matter how loyally we stand behind the boys with b~}'onets across the sea, it is still eternally true that no man who'
knows him can conceive .of .Jesus Christ driving a bayonet
through a human brother's breast.-"Our Dumb Animals."
-o-The United States produces about two thirds of the world's
output of crude petroleum, and has produced about 2,750,000,000 barrels since the first oil well was drilled in 1895.· "Scientific American."
.
-o---<- ·
Every man replaced in an industrial plant costs
agement from
0 to $300, depending on skill
"Engineering
Contracting."
·
�The
Page ten
lnternationaliat
Colony Development.
O
NE THOUSAND ACRES of -the colony land will soon dances will shortly become one of the features of Vernon
be u.nder fence. Nearly half this area is now fenced Parish. It is planned to. make the dancing floor more than
·
and will be_ under cu-ltivation this year. The colony
I 00 feet long and. about 33 ·feet in width. Flanking the
is going in for food production exclusively, and on this land floor will be refreshment parlors, wherein can be sold coffee
· will be grown corn, peanuts, sugar· cane, beans, and acres and ice cream and cake and other dainties.
At present the danc~s are held in the big dining room of
and acres of vegetables in the garden.
The corn is up, the peanuts are being planted the cane is the hotel and they are well attended. There is never less
six-piece orchestra. The music is excellent, comparsprouting nicely, the beans are coming through the soil and than
promise a good stand. Every where over the great Llano :ing more than favorably with the music furnished by highPlantation there is grass enough to feed thousands of head priced imported orchestras:· One of the colonists who has
been away for a year, and who is passionately fond of dancof cattle.
Down in the gardens the cabbage is firm and crisp and ing, says the dances at the colony are more enjoyed by him
beginning to head. The tomatoes stand in long rows. There than any dances he has attended in all the time he has been
·are .several acres .of them , and the small cannery which the away.
Another social feature that has not been much spoken of
colony purchased this year will be put to work canning tois the Sunday ni-g ht entertainment, which always ·furnishes
matoes in the summer.
There are egg plants and peppers, 'potatoes, and sweet some good musical numbers, and frequently · has other g'o od
potatoes, melons- all kinds of them-squash, pumpkins, rad- things to offer.
ishes, lettuce, and all the things that go into the garden.
At both the entertainments and the dances th~re are many ·
They are doing nicely a nd look well. The hot beds are still visitors. The popularity of the colony entertainments is
growing. No charge for admission is made. Those of the
producing plants to be set into the ground.
Three months ago the land where the garden is was mostly colony who have talents give of them freely.
The social life of the colony is what grips and holds in
brush. Now it is growing garden. The urge throughout
the South this year is that food . be produced. The Llano spite of hardships and pri-vations~ There is a fascination
Plantation is heeding this fact, and though established but about it that cannot be broken. Colonists who are away .
a very few months is already claimed as the largest planta- and who write back to friends rarely fail to mention this
tion in Vernon Parish. The energy of the Llano workers, as the big outstanding feature of colony life which they retheir determination to put their land under ~ultivation as member above all else. With no profits ma.de, with no greed
rapidly as possible, and their steady effort is winning results. of commercialism entering, with ecrch performer giving freely
It is also impressing the kindly disposed neighbors in Lees- of the best he has, there is a genuine reason why the social
ville who recognize the value to this parish of the sort of life i~ so pleasant. And it is only fair to add that colony
work that the colonists are doing. The value of the land is audiences are never cruelly critical, never fail to appreciate
and are always ready to encourage. It is a kindliness of
more than doubled the first year by the work put on it.
Some time ago the workers asked for a nine-hour day. spirit tha t is not manifested where entertainment is paid for.
They didn't exactly go on strike for it, but they demanded ' The absolute sanity of the colony life is the key to its wonderit. This is quite contrary to the usual procedure. Instances ful success.
The colony has the best orchestra for many miles around.
where the workers have demanded a nine-hour day instead
of the eight-hour day they have been enjoying are sufficient- With a great floor and with free dances and good music,
there should be an excellent attendance at the dances. This
ly ra.re to excite comment.
The · ·Colony needs equipment, horses, mules, implements. is one of the ways by which the colony will become ac·
It requires machinery and seed a nd all of the thi'ngs that new quainted with its neighbors.
Machinery for . the saw mill is here but is not set up.
farmers on new farms require everywhere. But it is getting
them a nd it is. makii1g progress. It has shown what can be Neither is the shoe shop set up. Farming takes precedence
done by foresight and labor, by co-operative and carefully just now and will continue to do so. Every man who can
directed effort. '
be spared is kept at work at some phase ·of farr:n work.
Letters come in every day asking what progress is being
This year it has been necessa,r.v to use the methods of the
farmers here. Single plows have been used becaus~ they made. When there is nothing to record but the building of
were the only ones that could be used. The gre~test result miles of rail fence, there is little to write about. It is picfrom the amount of energy expended could not be secured, turesque, this fence building in the Abe Lincoln style, but it
because the methods to achieve this result could not be put is not exciting, and once mentioned there is little left for
into operation. But next year it will be possible to make a follow-up story. This is also true of the garden. It is
gr.eater progress.
growing and promises to furnish a large proportion of the
With the crops growing, with the animals housed, with the sustenance of the colony for several months to come. Field
people cared for, with the printshop running and the com- crops, too, promise liberal returns, as measured by the standmissary i.n -operation, the colony can begin planning for other ards of this country, and if intelligently handled return an
work. For instance, there is the dance hall to be built in the incredible per cent on the investment.
park. just in front of the hotel is the most beautiful natural
This is a country rich in maqy natural products. T~e
of forty acres. This is to ·be made into an amusement great abundance of timber solves the fuel and building probFirst to be built will be a dance hall. It will ·be a lem to a large measure. The woods are a thicket of berry
. The floor is here and ready to be used. The !urn- bushes; thickly laden with fruit that
May ·I st, is bethe roof is cut and ready fOr use. There i$ material coming red and will soon be black
·
sides which will be left mostly op,. When the furnishing fruit for those who will
it is expected that the Ll no Plantation
(Continued on Page
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In I ern a I
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· Page eleven
The Menace. of a United States
of the W.o r ldWhen States unite to "protect" men, humanity will become
· THE great abyss which now threatens to engulf the ' race
is tbe proposal for a United States of the World. It a prostitute in their midst. Verily, the machines have beis a vast 'and unthinkable .conspiracy against. human . come "righteous," and ;are uniting to impose moral order uplife. Every free soul will resist with all his powers such an on the world. Let us understand then, that when machines
. ./""'become "moral" it is time
attempt to organize life
into one final monopoly. ){F:Z::z:::::=:::::::::=:::::=:::::z:::=::::::::::::::::::::=::::z:z:::=:::::::::::=::::=::::::::::=:::::::=:::=:::::::::::::::::::::::=::::::::=:::::::=m for men to become ''im-.
moral." When organizaSuch an outcome of the
Wrillcn Specially for THE · INTERNATIONALIST
tion conspires with moralwar would mark the triity to defeat life, then
umph of that mechanical
"criminals" become the sagenius which has made
viours of the' race.
civilization the greatest enThe. hour has struck
emy of man. It would
when free men everywhere
mean that in · an attempt
By Georg{; Bernard Shaw
must espouse rev9lt as an
to gain facility, life had
ultimate creed and probecome dehumanized. It
HERE is · no outlook for a United States of the
claim the absolute and diwould mean that shameful
T
World. A United States 'of the World is tomfool
vine right of self.
capitulation of freedom
nonsense.
When Anacharsis Klootz made the
-FLOYD HARDIN.
known as a "moral. triFrench Revolution ridiculous by his Deputation of The
umph." It would signify
that man was fast losing
Human Race, it became necessary to guillotine him.
that most precious of · all
His ghost is trying to walk at present; and the sooner
rights-the right to be a
tha t, too, is guillotined, the better.
criminal.
What is possible is a combination of the States which .
For organization is the
The State makes · use ·
accept Democracy, and are virtually homogeneous in
great enemy of life. It
of the;'ri'!Oiiey which it exrepresents an invasion of
torts from me to unjustly
civilization, with the object of establishing international .
life for the purpose of
impose fresh constraints
and superna tional· law, and renouncing their "sovereign
crushing out what is novel,
upon me; thi's is the case
rights" to the extent to which such law can be estabunique, eccentric and unwhen it prescribes for me
lished, the main immediate purpose being to abolish
forseeable-in short, that
its theology or its philosowar, which now' threatens the very exist-ence of civwhich is vital and personphy, when it prescribes for
al. Organization enlists in
ilization. The combination, though _it must be large
me or denies me a special
the service of life with a
form of religious observenough to ma ke a n armed' attack on it an insane en·
covert motive. With high
ance, when it pretends to
terprise, must not be too large to be maJiageable; and
professions of humility and
regulate my morals 'and my
it must be really homogeneous: mere alliances are no
wiliingness to serve, it enmanners, to limit my labor
use except for milita ry purposes between men of difters the realm of life.- only
or my expenditure; to fi'x
to spy· out the land for an
ferent color, different mind, different morals, a nd .dif.the price of my merchan'- .
eventuat mechanical occudise or the. rate o.f my
ferent stages' o'f political evolution ..
pancy. Once within that
wages. With the- coin
The obvious . nucleus for the first combination (for
vital realm, . organization
which I do not owe it and
there will be more tha n one in the world) is the presextends its mechanical ·
which it steals from me it
ent all ia nce between the United S tates of America , the
sway to the outmost
defrays the expense of the
bounds of human life, sets
British Empire, a nd' the F rencb Republic. To ma ke
persecutio'n which it inflicts
up a mechanical tyranny
upon me. Let us beware
it effective, the German Empire must be added; and
and touches life with static
of
the encroachments of
the problem just now is how to qualify Germany for
death. Once organization
the State, and suffer it to
admission by knocking Democracy into her and Imhas invaded life, the finer
be nothing mor~ than a
perialism out of her. · If we had. completely knocked
huma n gestures give way
watch-dog.
to mechanical processes,
the Imperialism out of ourselves, the task would be .
and the cry of the human
easy; but as it is, we have not trusted Democracy
is lost in the rumbling of
enough in our own countries to trust it in another, or
For all of these my heait
the machi-ne.
to ask others to trust it. We must therefore wait until
with longing beats:
My brothers, this is
the war knocks Imperialism out of all of us. When
For wealth and beauty,
death. Unless men · of all
tha t is done, the rest will almost do itself. With Dempe,ace . profound and
races and· nations rise in
ocracy solid from the Carpa,~hians to the Rockies we
rest;
universal revolt against the
should have the material for ·~ uite as much supernaBut while men kill and
'
tyranny of
tionalism as we could possibly handle . to begin with.
men walk the
der and .form as
The Federation of the World may be left to those who
choose the life
and
are in a hurry to bite off more t'han they can chaw.
imd of
The Outlook for a United States
of The World
Taine on "The
State"
The Rebel
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Page twelve
lnternatio:nalist
Llano-A Soul Laborat-ory
By Cliakeabeard Clews
T
HERE are lots of things about living in the Colony besides eight hours ": day, equal wag~, f!ee mediUI 'attendance, pay on sick leave, the .wc1al intercourse, and
those other benevolent · and admirable features so thoroughly
advertised.
For instance, there's human nature. Some people., grown
cynical, insist that it isn't human. Maybe not. Maybe it is
just human and not veneered. Anyway, we see human nature
under the most powerful soul micrcoscope in the world. . We
see it spread out before us i~ a soul laboratory which gives
cultures to show ·just what the human animal is and wh~t he
-{)r it- will do under any combination of circumstances.
Doc says he can tell when a man st~ps off the train just
what he will be saying and doing in two months. That is
quite a strong statement, for the only part of the new comer
Doc sees when said new comer steps from the train is newcomer's feet, for we ~re opposite the station and look under
the train. But Doc has been in the colony longer than most
of us and he has had a lot of experience. I have seen him
make some most uncanny predictions that came out just as
he said.
For instance: there was the man Bolley; Bolley ca~e .in
quite by accident. Was just camping through the country
and hadn't eve n heard of the Colony. Didn't know it was
here.
Oh, yes, ' he had heard of it. But it was quite by
accident that he happened to· drop in close to us.
We took Bolley in. He seemed to be honest and a good
worker. Had a lot of livestock that he. turned in as payment
for his membership. Fairly good stock. Then the. soul of
Bolley was put under the microscope in the colony soul laboratory. · At first it was hard to find, but we finally discovered it.
Belley's soul proved to be a queer animal. Whether he came
in or just happened in, operated for pay, or was taking a
little flyer of his own, we never exactly 'leanied. But one day
he slipped out with his livestock and the one thousand shares
of stock · He represented himself as a har~working man.
His wife represented herself as an agitator. They are probably
both right, at least .we have no doubt of the fact that she
is an agitator. .
Then there was Hungtown. He was another agitator.
Hungtown carne ' in without putting a dollar into the colony.
Came in on his ability before we had the ·soul laboratory· keyed
up to catch the difference between ability to do and ability
to talk. We were deceived. Hungtown came in as -one of the
finest tutors who ever tooted. There was nothing in the realm
of mathematics that he couldn't solve. His life was a dream,
his wife a queen, his services invaluable, himself indi-spensable.
We trembled when we thought of the hazards we had run before we got him. He was a real wonder-worker, a genuine heteache~. He told us all this in the . first half hour after the
stage llropped him down in our humble and unsuspecting
m'l~t~ Hungtown had all of the self-effacing humility of a
circus band. He would no more get himself in the spotlight
than would a movie queen seek to keep squarely in front of
the camera lens. He was as modest and retiring as a polecat
eventu~lly became as much endeared to us.
,
Hungtown couldn't seem to get the hang of things,
He failed to tutor as he tooted. He tooted more than
and his dissertations on the sublimity of his mar,ried
the class of its interest in this subject. When
the school of all . its pupils by
hii
. monologues on domestic virtues as .radiated by himself and nls
fair spouse. he was put to keeping books.
Now if there is one thing that narrows the soul, or that attracts the narrow soul, it seems to be book keeping. We never
learned whether it was cause or eJfect, whether the narrow
· soul took naturally to double entry, or whether double entry
made sandwich souls.
In the·. same office at the same time there wa.s a book k~ep
er of aristocratic bearing and overbearing disposition whose
name was Orton. Orton was English. and he pruned the
aitches out of the alphabet perseveringly, restoring them in
unexpected plaoes with the instinct of a trade rat. In an
emotional tirade he once referred to the eloquence of another
~ember of. the colony as being "hall 'ot hair," which translated into ordinary un-English means, "all hot · air."
Into this office with Orton went Hungtown. There · was
another in the office there with them, an amiable young Swede
named Wonthide. This young man was a most likable chap,
stood in the esteem of all, and merited this esteem. That is,
he did before he became associated with Orton and Hungtown.
But afterwards-well, the aitchless Hinglishman and the regular he-teacher were too much for him. Their contaminating
influence became such that the soul microscope began to
register sun spots on the immaculate spirit of Wonthide. These
celestial freckles grew, till Wonthide became one of the most
bitter and implacable enemies that the colony ever had. Yet
· the colony had done him no harm, and even extended him an
invitation to come back after he had left.
Once long ago there was an organization formed within the
colony· of dissenters who took ·to themselves the name, Wei, fare League. They met out in the sagebrush. and each wore
as the insignia of the order, a piece of sagebrush. It became
known as the Brush Gang, · and the word brush became a
part of colony language and remains so today. To " brush"
is to become dissatisfied and to .make trouble. A "brusher"
is pne of the dissatisfied.
Well, Orton, Hungtown, and .Wonthide brushed. Now this
man Orton didn't pay his way in full, and he never put a
dollar directly in the colony either. ·wonthide did. He was
clean and straight uritil the evil influences of the others corrupted him. The three of them worked on the books for
months. They were presumed to know of every entry that
was made.
Of course, the easiest attack to make on the integrity of
any concern is to attack its war chest. A run can be made
on any bank in the country if only a little industrious whispering be indulged in. Hungtown was a whisperer. He buzzed
night and day. He made vainglorious boasts of his prowess
as a book keeper, of what he would do, if the irregularities .
of the accounts, etc.
An i·nvestigation was ordered by the colonists, instigated
largely by Hungtown. Now here is where the soul microscope
shows up things that wouldn't otherwi$e be noticed in a
thousand years. Hungtown was a power-seeker. He showed
it when. he said he wouldn't be president of the company for
any salary on earth. But ·Orton was alw a power~ker.
You couldn't get him to be superintendent ·of the ranch! Of
course not! But if he were, now mind ye, 'e wouldn't be
for hanything in the world, but if 'e was, 'e would 'ave done
thinks in a inuch better rnawner, and 'i~ friend .Mr. 'Uungtown
would bear 'im hout in 'is statement- They ~. w"ante•t
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Internationalist
power, but their interests lay m the same direction, temporarily.
When the investigating committee brought in its report, it
performed-some very clever strategy. Educated by experience,
it made the report free from any animus, because to betray
animus would prejudice the hearers against those making the
report. The report of the committee was clean enough. It
noted "some discrepancies in accounts, some apparent slight
irregularities which could probably be explained;" etc. But
the committee was ambitious and bitter, and being ambitious
its collective and individual consciences were somewhat dulled.
It becam~ ·unscrupulous in its m-ethods. One of its members,
a ga unt, swarthy, sarcastic man; ·not long in the colony, named .
Harquelin, got before the assembled colonists, drew· a paper from his pocket, and asked the privilege of making some remarks. Herein lay the cunning of the committee. Knowing
the flare-back that would come of a report containing biased
statements or attacks on the administration, these ambitious
power-seekers took this method of making their drum-fire effective.
Now this man Harquelin was not fluent and. he knew it
But he thought to catch the popular ear. The fineness of
psychology escapes even the most acute of us now and then .
The grotesq ue Harq.uelin, speaking with a slightly foreign ac•
cent, uncouth, unprepossessing, lacking in eloquence, a1,1d already suspected of not being altogether ingenuous, opened his
speech .with "Fell ow sufferers!"
There's something about the human mind that makes it
almost impossible for it to separate the deadly serious from the
ridiculous. An Englishman is likely to take a joke with complete seriousness, while an American is quite as likely to get
himself badly damaged physically by guffawing at the most
serious place of an argument. Llano audiences were always
courteous, and they are always ready to listen to a speech.
They can take more punishment along that line than any
people in the world . So they listened to the harrowing tale
of Harq uelin .
But it was next day that they began to express their real
fee lings in the matter. Meeting in the road in front of the
hotel, two colonists greeted each ·other simultaneously as
"Fellow sufferers." All over the ranch men and women and
children were shouting "Fellow sufferer" as a matter of greeting. It was the beginning of the end of the committee. When
ridicule begins to creep in. it is time for the commiUee to begin
.
folding its tents and silently slipping away.
But the best of _us are blind to pyschology sometimes, and•
forget the _lessoris we have learned. Orton and Hungtown
whipped Wonthide into line and renewed their attack. Listening posts wer-e established, and we were subjected to all sorts
of verbal barrage fire .
There were various complications which kept th~; ·committee
from eve'r finishing its work on time. For one thing, most of
the executi ves were kept so busy on business trips that they
could not all be gotten together to receive the attack. There
was one splendid example of this, and it came when . the attacking force was rapidly disintegrating.
A special meeting of the colonists was called to hear the
report all over again. The executives and ·others had been
given notice. The fact that one of them was two thousand
miles away at that ti~e made little impression on the committee. Bloated with a sense of their own importance, the
worthy individuals composing the committee expected all to
whom they issued notices to at once appear before them and
make such explanations as they might be able to give.
However, the executives· had other bus·iness · and could not
_ run ·across the continent to please the whim of a little, ambitious mind. The ineeting dragged. The colonists came out
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of curiosity, sat about and talked, and waited. Finally one of
the col!'-mittee suggested that the meetiqg be calletl to order.
The · crowd fe~ no respon$ibility in the matter whatsoever.
The committee had called the meeting. · Therefore, let the
committee conduct it. So the colonists sat about and chatted
some more. Finally, one of the comniittee~en took the chair,
called the meeting to order and asked that: the chairman and
s_ecretary of the regular General Assembly take charge of the ·meeting. But the se<;retar)' and chairman were quite loath to
do so and found adequate excuses why th should not; Then
another -colonist was suggested. He refu' . Man after inan
and -wom'\n after woman was nominated and all refused to
serve. · · So.ne subtle psychology hinted to the audienc~ that
.the meeting was to _be farce. There was also the growing
feeling that the committee was more interested in its own
personal filibustering exploits than it was in the -general good
of the colony. Later; after nearly an hour, the ·colony .undertaker consented to take the chair. More time was · consumed
in selecting a secretary, and at last the doctor was the only
one who would accept this office. Then some wag went to
the kitchen and got a large soup bone and gravely .presented
it to the chairman as the official gavel!
.
.
· With an undertaker and a doctor to direct -the meeting, it
could not be taken seriously. A few dispirited motions- were
put and languidly voted upon without discussion. Then .Orton
tried to make a n appeal to stir interest I a loud voice he
demanded that the absent executives appea;,. as this was the appointed time. There was a death-like and soul-chilling .
silence. Hungtown triea ·"to arouse some interest, ·but was not
taken seriously. Finally Orton said that as the executives
were afraid to appear, ~nd there seemed little that c~u'ld be
done, that the report of the committee should be accepte~.
Silence followed that, till some tired colonist, who remembered
that he had to work next day, moved an adjournment. The
motion was put and voted down, but the entire audience got
up and walked out Technically, a large and disinterested
audience is still considering that report there in the ·hall.
At a later. dat._ the report was taken up i)l order and disposed of to the entire satisfaction of all but four men-Orton,
Hungtown , Harquelin, and Wonthide.
There was an aftermath to it all, however. A disgruntled
trio went to Los Angeles,' formed an association· to bankrupt
and disrupt or control the colony, and at last reports were still
operating, with some fell design spurring them 'on. Revenge
·seems to be the motive. Their ii1fluence has never been felt in ·
the colony, and they are prob~bly having a splendid time
making reJ: · _.s, rearranging tii'e colony to their own desi'gns,
and generally re-making &nd re-working the entire co-operati ve field. Wonthide wouldn't stay with the group, but the
three leaders in the plot for power have -stayed together.
Two human frailties that drive people out of the colony are
the lust for power and the greed for gold. We've had scores
of men come to the colony for the e...:press purpose of taking
almost immediate charge and operating it according to their
impulsive ideas. Then there have been a large number of
those who came for gain. Their idea of co-operation was to
secure substantial advantages for themselves. They were unwilling to wait for results. Such persons eliminate themselves
·in the course of time; the colony never has to take action
·
against them.
.
Plots for power have been more numerous than would b~
believed by those who .forget that a socialist is merely a human
,
animal who has gotten hold of a vision or a piece of a vision.
_.
This vision is, too often, merely a hankering to rule, a greed
to seize through collective effort, what he could not take fo
himself by individual exploitation, and his selfishness is always
a
(Continued on Page 37)
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J'n t e r D a t j 0 D _,fi ~ t . ;·• .
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Modem Religious.....Movements : No. ·4
Theosophy: Its · Essence and Achievements·
0
B y S c o t t C I o a g h , United Lodge of Theosophists.
T
HEOSOPHY presents to every man a theory of life whose · the three propositions standing to each other in the relation
basis rests upon three fundamental propositions, which ·of the absolute, the . universal, and .the indivithlal or parare absolute in their nature and universal in their scope. ticular. The . individual is part and parcel of the universal;
These propos1.t1ons. therefore, · do not test upon any one's the -universal Is part and parcel of the oabso1ute Eternal. 1mauthority, but upon their inherent truth. Only that truth !JlOrtality, therefore, is not an .acquisition; it is inherent in
is absolute which can be directly perceived, which is ax- . ev.ery iqdividual, because his essential nature is one with the
iomatic, which does not f:}epend upon evidence or testimony. Absolute. What is to be acquired by each Soul for itself
These propositions may be broadly formulated as follows': is knowledge-knowledge of its own eternal nature and of
I. All things that are, that have been, or that will be, the eternal n";ture of all other beings. That knowledge can
spring from one Source, omnipresent, eternal, boundless, and only be acquired through action, experience and observation.
Immutable.
Each Soul is eternally acting, eternally sowing and reaping,
Discussion, definition .and dogmatism in regard to this now in one form and now in another, now in one field and
Source are idle and useless, for it is unthinkable and unspeak-· now ·in another. -The universe exists for the sake of the Soul's
able, beyond the range and reach of thought or imagination. experience and for no other purpose. . Souls.· differ in the
It antedates and underlies . all conditioned and manifested degree of their acquired experience and intelligence, and acexistence. It interpenetrates, includes and sustains all things: cording to the use they make of their experience, their obAII things come from It, P.xist in It, return into It, as all servation, their intelligence and pqwers, do they progress,
bodies, large or small, visible or invisible, move and have helped or hindered by the results following upon their intertheir being in Space. Like Space, It cannot be conceived relations and inter-actions; for being identical in their source
of by itself, as absent from anything or · anywhere, or as af- and in the law of their being, they are inter-dependent
fected by any changes that occur in It. It is this Absolute in every sense. It is these three relations of absolute, uniDeity or Self of all that men have vainly striven to formulate versal, and individual,-' that are implied in the three words,
and define as God. All such definitions are but images and Spirit, Soul, and Mind. As Spirit all are identical· and unidols of the mind, product of the ignorant fears, hopes and changeable; as Soul all are universal and eternal, as in mind,
or intelligence or being, all are constantly changing in form
conceit of man.
II. In this Absolute Deity or Self or Space, Universes, solar action and possibilities.
·
systems, suns, planets, and the beings of which they are
These three propositions cover everything that has ever · o•,
but aggregations, continually appear, disappear and reappear been conceived of under the general terms of God, Law, and
in boundless procession. This periodical manifestation has Being; but because, as stated, they are absolute in their
neither beginning nor ending as the Law of all existences. It nature and universal in their scope, they are free from limi"
has been likened to a Great Breath, or to Absolute Motion, tation, all-inc:;lusive, and exQlanatory of all nature and every
eternally coming and going. As the Great Breath goes forth ·phase of nature. Once a man has gained a clear compreworlds and beings appear. As it is indrawn, beings and worfds hension of them and realizes the light which they throw on
disappear into the Great Source, to reappear at the next Great every problem of life, they will need no further justification
Breath. Our life is but one of an infinite series of lives; our in his eyes, because their truth will be to him as evident as
world 'but one of an infinite series of worlds; our universe the sun in heaven. On their cl~pprehension depends,
but one in an endless chain of universes, without conceivable for the ind_ividual a_nd for. t~e mas.' the unders~anding of all
. the mystenes and mequahtles of h e. On the1r correct ap-beginning or imaginable end.
This second proposition is but the assertion of the abso- • plication to the individual's own thoughts and actions in the
lute universality of that law of periodicity, of flux and re- varying conditions of. life, here and hereafter, depends his
flux, ebb and flow,, which physical science has observed and emancipation from the thralldom of ignorance, of prejudice,
recorded in all departments of nature. An alternation such of preconception, of partial and erroneous knowledge. There
as that of Day and Night, Life and Death, Sleeping and Wak- are no privileges or special gifts in man, ·or any other being,
ing, is a fact so common, so perfectly universal and without high or low. All are in evolution from the threefold basis of ·
exception, that it is easy to comprehend that in it we see one the Spiritual, the Intellectual, and the_ Physical, and whatof the absolutely fundamental laws of the Universe.
ever the nature of any being may be, it is the result of his
III. The fundamental identity of all Souls with the Uni- own efforts throughout a long series of metempsychoses and ·
versa! Soul, the latter being itself an aspect of the Unknown re-incarnations. The Spiritual nature of every being is the
Root; ;md the 'obligatory pilgrimage for every Soul- a spark enduring. Out of its ceaseless action is built up the Uniof the former- through the C:ycle of Incarnation (or "Nee- versa! or Intellectual, which endures only as it accord; with
essity") in accordance with Cyclic and Karmic law, during the the Spiritual. Out of the Spiritual and Intellectual nature of
whole term. In other words, no purely spiritual Soul can have each and all, is built up the physical,. whether that latter is
an independent (conscious) existence before it has (a) passed the familiar body and matter cognized through our senses,
through every elemental form of the phenomenal universe, or other and finer grades of Substance. Whether we ~peak
and (b) acquired individuality, first by natural impulse, and of the varying grades and gradations of manifested being as
then by self-induced and self-devised efforts, thus ascend- Spirit, Soul, Mind, Energy, or Matter,, or any combination
ing through all the degrees of intelligence, from the lowest of these, one and all they represent successive stages in the
the highest, from mineral and plant up to the highest and great School of Life Eternal. 'A.Il have evolved to where
being.
...,
they now are, all will continue evolving. The goal is the
third and final fundamental proposition of Theosophy perfection of being. Thus, this life i~ but one of many,
the other· two, as the second flows from the first, human intelligence but. one of many grades. this familiar
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world of waking existence but one of the many schools of
experience, to which we return again and again, life after
life, until we have learned all its lessons. There are beings
as much higher than man as man is higher than a black-beetler
They have long since passed through and learned the lessons
of human life. The various kingdoms of beings below man
are on their way upward, evolving slowly toward man's estate.
There is, therefore, in sober truth, a Brotherhood of all
Beings, not merely the Brotherhood of Man.• and its basis- is
not merely physical, not merely intellectual, but Spiritual, and.
rests upon the identity of their essential nature, and the
identity of the law of their evolution, or acquired nature.
It is not hard, when these statements are pon~red, to
perceive that they are, 'in fact, contained in every system of
thought, philosophy or religion worthy of the name, and are
the common basis of them all, however they have all in time
become corrupted and overlaid and obscured by purely human
speculation and fancy. Every so-called Savior who ever entered the field of human life, was one of a body of perfected
beings who, moved by the spiritual knowledge of universal
brotherhood, exercised his divine compassion by once more
re-entering the ranks of men, "becoming in all things like
one of us, to walk with us, and, like a teacher in school,
teach and guide us by precept and example towards a higher
life. Men have in all times for the most part ignored, derided and persecuted these Elder Brothers when they came,
and late r worshipped them as gods and made of their teachings
a dead letter religion of forms, ceremonies, dogmas, creeds,
with rewards for those who "believed" and punishment here
and hereafter for those who disbelieved. Theosophy, then,
in it s wider sense, is a body of knowledge; as a name to
identify the teachings of H. P. Blavatsky and William Q.
judge, it is that portion of the ancient eternal Wisdom-Religion- the acc umulated experience of the ages-imparted to
mankind in our time . It is, therefore, not a belief or dogma
formulated or invented by man , but is a knowledge of the laws
which gove rn the evolution of the physical, asira l, psychical
a nd intellectual constituents of nature and of man .
.
Step by step, as a man studies it and endeavors to apply
it to his own conduct and the solution of his own problems,
Theosophy becomes self explanatory, self-revealing, self-inspiring, self-evident Man ceases to rega rd himself as mortal ,
perishable, football of fate, or subject to the caprice Qf any
god whatever; no longer a "poor, miserable. sinner," in~
capable of doing anything for himself. He sees and knows
the dignity of Life, in himself and in all others; realizes its
purpose, its · justice, its limitless field of progression; he enters
the company of the conscious immortals. With Thomas Paine
he can exclaim, "The world is my country; to do good my
religion."
The sincere and thoughtful Socialist, like the sincere and
thoughtful man of any philosophy, or religion, or system of
thought, must often be appalled at the apparent inequities,
the seeming fruitlessness of life and effort, even the best
and the best-intentioned. When he turns alike sincerely and thoughtfully to take stock of his own mental possessions, no matter how labeled, he must often be bewildered and
disheartened at their shortcomings, at their inability to explain what confronts him. Then he either closes his mind
against consideration of the unknown and the unresolved and
goes on with what he has; or relapses into the dull indifference of negation; adopts some new scheme of life which
seems to offer him the rewards he covets; or-looks boldly
and further afield into the hidden world of causation. All
systems of thought are n~ither more nor less than attempts
. to explain the causes, the\rationale and pr?cess ~~ereby thi~gs
have become as they are. For men, bemg spmtual and m-
tellectual, perceive intuitively that all that confront them are
effects; and that if they can but grasp' causes truly, they can
direct and control effects. All systems of thought embody
some perception of causation, otherwise they would find no ·
acceptation among men; but the sincere and reflective mind,
having observed effects, when he turns to his hitherto accepted system of ·thought will find its explanations absurdly
limited, erroneous and contradictory. He will find that when
applied, it will not work put in all times, in all places, in all
circumstances, in all co~ditions. What good is it, then, as
a court of final resort, as a reliance here or hereafter?
· From Theosophy, in its larger significance of the accurnu,lated experience of the ages, has come all the progress of the
race. It is definite, complete, ·accessible. Each human being
embodies it in some degree, but there is no limit to its further
assimilation and embodiment by any one. Each human being
applies it to some extent, but there is no limit of the extent
to which it is capable of application by any individual. But
each must, .because by his very nature~ each only can , apply
it for himself. No one else can do his thinking for him.
It is recognized that limitations, both of the writer and of
'the space . assigned to him, necessarily make this outline faulty
and incomplete. Those interested in gaining a better and
clearer understanding of Theosophy would do well to write
The United Lodge of .Theosophists, Metropolitan Building,
Los Angeles, Cal., for a small booklet, entitled "Conversations
on Theosophy." It will be sent free to all who ask for it.
- -o--
Making The World Safe For ·Hemp
THE 'Tulsa World" for November 9, publishes the following en nobling and Christian utterance:
"In the meantime, if the I. W. W. or its twin brother, the
Oil Workers Union, gets busy in your neighborhood, kindly
take occasion to decrease the supply of hemp. A knowledge
of how to tie a knot that will stick might come in handy in
a few days. It is .no time to dally with the enemies of the
country. The unrestricted production of petroleum ·is as necessary to the winnin :, of the war as the unrestricted production of gunpowder. We are either going to whip Germany or
Germany is going to whip us. The first step in the whipping
of Germany is to strangle the I.W.Ws. KILL THEM, JUST
AS YOU WOULD ANY OTHER KIND OF A SNAKE:.
DON'T SCOTCH 'EM; KILL 'EM, AND KILL 'EM DEAD. It
is no time to waste money on trials and continuances ancl
things like that All that is necessary . is the evidence and a
firing squad. Probably the carpenter's union will contribute
the timber for the coffins."
As a result of several such effusions, hundreds of innocent, but class-conscious men, were whipped, tarred and
feathered "in the name of the women and children of Belgium."
(\ I
There is little us~ for\ thi handful of humanitarians who
still remain in this n'atmn to complain. As Thomas Paine
said, "to argue with a man who has lost his reason is like
giving medicine to the dead." The world has gone stark mad
and remonstration is worthless.
But Labor's day is coming. A certain king once told a certain people that when they became hungry, they could eat
grass. And the gory head of this same king decorated· the
end of a pike a few yea s later.
The "Tulsa World" and thousands of other poison-slinging sheets in this nation may write discourses on hemp, but
let them reflect that they are also · giving the masses an ex-A. S.
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cellent tip as to how to wreak revenge.
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�Pa~e aixteen
The
lnternationaliat,
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Fighting With ·C o-operation
T.·
By C. F. Lowrie, President American Society of Equity ·
HE American Society of Equity is a result of the spon- subsidiary of the big Washburn-Crosby Flour trust of Minntaneous demand of the wheat farmers of Montana for eapolis, refused to unionize their plant. The Central Labor
a larger share .of the products of their labor as repre- bodies, including the Equity farmers declared the. flour unsented in 'the price of wheat. The low prices for the thr.e e fair.
The · retail stores of Great Falls, through pressure
years preceding the war, w_hen most of it was raised at ·a loss brought by -the wholesalers, ~refused to handle any flour but
to the farmers, was the impelling cause of the organization. the unfair flour; The · Clerks' union replied by refusing, to
A directing force. for the sentiment created by these conditions handle the scab flour. The retailers replied by closing 'every
was the more or less closely thought-out plans of a number store in town, except the Equity Consumers' League Co-opof natural revolutionists, ·who had been wage-slaves in the erative 'tore. The Co-qperative store was in linanc.ial difficities, factories and mines, and had obeyed the· call of "back culties at the time and an implied threat was made, that un- ·
to the land." The central idea of these people was the elim- less a certain $3500 obligation was paid the Co-operaination of the exploitation between the producer on the farm tive store would be closed. The Trade Unions and farmers
and the workingman consumer in the city, factory and mine. rallied to the support and raised the $3500 in two hours time.
The American Society of Equity distinguished itself from As a result the stores were all opened the following day, as
other farm organizations by allying itself with the Trade Union the co-operative store was getting all the trade. As a result
movement, the latter being affiliated with the State Federation the Union Labor of the city was placed squ.arely behind the
of Labor.
Co-operative store and success for the future seems assured.
The first business done in a co-operative way was the bt.~y Another .result is to stimulate the plan for a million-dollar
ing of twine for the I 9 I 4 crop, which resulted in a savmg co-operative flour mill to be located at ·Great Falls; nearly
of over $100,000 for the farmers of
$50,000 worth of stock is already
the state of Montana. This was folsubscribed by co-operative stores and
lowed by a great deal of co-operative
elevators and within a years time the
buying and selling on the club-order
co-operative mill will undoubtedly be
HOSE in the forefront of the
plan. However, as a result of experone . of the biggest mills in the state
ience gained in this work and a study
battle for the establishment of
of Montana~
of the development of co-operation in
At the present writing the Mine
permanent co-operation, believe
Europe, it was soon determined by
Workers'
Union in Butte, which is on
that co-operation will prove a great
those in charge of the Society that
strike against the Copper company is ·
factor in the coming Social Revoco-operation, in order to become permbacking the Equity Consumers' league
lution in Russia and Great Britain.
anent must be organized along the
co-operative store at that point.·
lines that had proven so successful in
Already the farmers and trades
Those in .the forefront of the battle
Europe. So that now, there has been
for the establishment of permanent '
unionists of North and South Oaka gradual evolution in the methods of
co-operation
believe that co-operaota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michthe organization, until as a result, we
tion will prove a great factor in the
igan and !llinois are seriously connow have a state wholesale associacoming social revolution in America,
sidering affiliating with the new
tion, called the Equity Co-operative
as it already. has done in Russia and
National Co-operative Wholesale.
Association of Montana, with a capital
Great Britain. As a result of the expansion of the co-operative movestock of $500,000, over $125.000 of
which is subscribed, doing business as
ment in Montana, F. A. Bennett, the
··a wholesale agent for twenty co-operaman who has been chiefly responsible .
tive stores now operating and seventy-five ·CO-operative graln arid who by his sacrifices has made possible the success of
elevators. The local Co-operative stores and elevators own this organization, has been called to St. Paul to form a
the shares of stock in the Central association. Each local national. co-operative wholesale, which will develop the same
store a·nd elevator does business in a wholesale way with the kind of an organization in other regions. Already the farm~·
Central association. Co-operative retail stores have also been ers and trade unionists of North and South Dakota, Minorganized in three of the principal cities of the state, namely, esota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Illinois are seriously considGreat Fails, Butte, and Helena; and others are in the process ering affiliating with the new national co-operative ,wholesale.
The Co-operative Wholesale Society of America, as it is ;~ .
of organization in the other industrial ce~ters of the state.
As an illustration of what this organization will mean in named, has offices on the ninth floor of the Pioneer Building,
the future when completely organized, I will say that the St. Paul, Minnesota.
The general plan of doing business is .to imitate big busimajor share of the apple crop which is raised in the Western
part of the state, was marketed through this co-operative ness is e'\lery way, except in the ownership of the business,
organization last year. Arrangements for assembling the car which is distributed among the whole people (that is the
loads were made by the co-operative stores at the local working men and the farmers) and in the distribution of the
points; the State Wholesale association arranged the sales in profits. After paying a nominal dividend ~mounting to curcar lots to the co-operative stores and elevators in other parts rent interest rates on the capital stock, the remainder of the
of the state which did not raise frwit and not a middleman profits are pro-rated back to the buyers and sellers in protouched these apples so · handled from the time they left the portion to the amount of business done. The time is now
ripe for permanent co-operation · in America and we believe
hands of the grower until they reac'ted the consumers.
During all this development a running light has been the time is also ripe for the co-ordination of co-operation ·
fought with the big commercial interests . . Just one instance with the ~ltimate forces ·which are -making 'for the co-operative commonwealth, that world e,Vents may bring to pass
).,_
of these battles:
~ _\
The. Royal Milling Company of Great Fails, which IS a sooner than some of us had dreamed for a few years ago.
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�The
lntcrpationaliat
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Christianity and Pacifism By R. 8; Whitaker
[One of the foremost ministers on the Pacific Coast, a man of reputation for his "advanced" religious views, published in one of the most
open ?minded of the denominational journals a criticism of "Christian"
pacifists. It was addressed in particular to one of these Christian pacifists, Rev. Robert Burdette Whitaker, of Paradise, Butte County, California, a nephew of Robert Whitaker of Los Gato~. and likewise an allround radical. Whitaker replied t0 this criticism in the following good
tempered and well argued article. The editor of the denominational
journal in which the criticism had appeared publicly stated that he thought
in fairness he ought to publish the reply, that it was a thoroughly fit a'nd
an eminently able answer, but admitted that HE DID· NOT DARE TO DO
IT. And this editor, as his work shows, is not a coward. ,.~e has
already risked his editorial head again and again by his refusal to join
the war madness. His journal represents a church which boasts its
independence, and claims the men and women who landed on Plymouth
Rock as its own special possession because they were of its membership.
Yet its constituency, made up largely of ministers, consented apparently
without protest to this suppression of the article. In the interests of
fair play, as an exhibit of how little the workers of the world can depend upon their " spiritual guides" for even decency in the discussion of
economics, and as in itself a fine presentation of the CHRISTIAN CASE:
AGAINST WAR W e take pleasure in giving to our readers the rejected
paper Ly Mr. Whitaker.]
voice of the military authorities to become for us the voice of
God, that we _c an prosecute the war at all. The reasoning of the average man runs about like this: It is absolutely
necessary to overcome Germany. War is the only method by
which this can be done. Therefore the war must be right. Like
the c'anvert entering the Roman Catholic church, the •soldier
entering the army must make the great decision and the great
. surrender once for all. By the very act of becoming a soldier
he thereby gives up his right to i~dividual judgment as to the
righteousness or unrighteousness of whatever he may be required to do. As the church is the infallible judge of right
and wrong for the good Catholic, so is the military authority
for the good soldier. To question the judgment in one case is
heresy, in the other insubordination.· The pacifist is frank to
say that he thinks it is more reasonable to accept the Church
as the voice of God than the dictum of milita'r y authorities.
Again, as related to this conception of Christianity as a way
of life, there is the matter of the impossibility of reconciling
the military machine, and its treatment of the individual, with
the Christian teaching as to human value, and the supreme ·
HE majority of the Christian leaders of the world are worth of personality. Military efficiency is attained by treattelling us that in the present crisis, the real question be- ing the individual soldier as merely a cog in the machine. The
fore us is not the academic one as to whether war is1 more completely the private in. the ranks learns to keep his
right or wrong, but · the practical problem of what the Chris.: place as "only a cog;" and not a person, the more efficient
tian program for the present involves. Under existing con- will his service be. On the other hand, he is not only treated
ditions, they would have us believe that pa rticipation in the as a "thing" himself, but it is incumbent upon him, if he would
prosecution of the war is a necessary part of the Christian pro- be a good soldier, to treat his brother man who happens, begram.
cause of the accident of birth to be on the other side. as a
To an ever growing minority, this seems a mistaken judg- "thing" also.
ment, especially as many of those who advocate this view go
The pacifist has no more regard for mere physical existence
so far with us in their conception of the nature of Christian than have many others. It is not what war does to a man's
faith. Referring to a statement in "A Pacifist Confession of body, which makes it for us a weapon never to be used, but
Faith", one friend recently said in a personal letter to the rather what it does to his soul, or to use the more modern
writer: "With all my soul I believe that 'the religion of jesus term, to his personality. As has already been noted, the miliwas and is a way of life for the present, and not merely an tary method is based upon the transgression of two of the
ideal for the future,." Now it seems to the thorough-going most sacred rights of humanity; first, the right of private
pacifist that that one admission ought to make impossible the judgment, and second, the right of every man to be treated
life of a soldier' for any Christian disciple, for if there is any as a person. It seems to us a mistaken idea to try to protect
one thing which perhaps is more fundamental than all else persons, or ideals, by a method which involves the desecration
in connechon with "the Christian Way" it inhe Way of Loy- of that which is most s~cred in personality, and the utter abanalty to j esus as the supreme loyalty. In Him we see the very donment i1'i practice of the very ideals we would defend.
heart of God revealed to men, so that loyalty to Him is loyalty
In a letter already referred to, the writer speaks of "war
to the Father whom he reveals. Or perhaps it would have in the protection of good being less evil than acquiescence in :
been a better stating of the case to have said that the su- the destuction of good." Those of us who hold to the inpreme loyalty is loyalty to God as He is revealed in jesus. The terpre tation which is being presented · in this paper, are far
Christian's difficulty here with the whole war problem is, that from believing that Christian men are ever justifi'ed in "acmilitary efficiency depends upon implicit obe,dience to military quiescence in the destruction of good." Our difference is one
authority as at all times the chief duty of a soldier.
of method, not of end. We believe that it is incumbent upon
A soldier in action can have no authority but 'that of his every follower of j esus, and upon every lover of humanity, to
commanding officer. If in the course of the war he is com- work for the ove rthrow of the evil which is just now so rammanded to assist in reprisals (merely a polite term for military pant in the world. But we must do it by Christian methods!
retaliation) then he must not stop to think that Christ has As stated already, the real question at issue is not' the abstract
forbidden any disciple of his to have anything to do with one of whether war is right or wrong, but rather "what th~:
retaliation.. Rather, he must obey without question. To state Christian program for the present involves." The friend
the matter plainly then , the question, "What Would jesus whose letter has been quoted, also writes, "We are completely
Do?" is not one which it is allowable for a soldier to consider. agreed, too, in our detestation of war, of its brutality, its inA persistent asking of that question in the light of New Testa- humanity, its intolerable inconsistency."
ment teaching would lead to insubordination and sedition on
Now the pacifists of the country are thoroughly convinced
the part of the Christian members of our army; for there is · that no program can possibly be Christian which · of necessity
much in ·modern warfare besides reprisals entirely out of keep- involves "brutality, inhumanity and intolerable inconsistency.''
ing With the spirit of jesus. It is only because for the period It seems to us that the Christian program must take as
of the war; under cover of "military necessity," we allow the ruling principle the words of Paul, (which, by the
T
�Page eighteen
The
lnternatioDaliat
merely an apt statement of the teaching of Jesus) "Be not of our Republic, without participating in what we consider a
·overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good." If the Chris- migaken method of accomplishing that end. We believe in
tian people of this nation would demand that our government - sacrifice too, but for the Christian the cross, .not the sword,
spend the same amount of time, and money, and energy, in . points the way to conquest. The way of the sword provokes
seeking for a solution of this problem in a Christian way that and intensifies the very evils which it would overcome. When
it has spent in prosecuting the war, then the way would be the war is over, we shall have all of the old· problems to solve,
found. But even when the nation as such has chosen to go and shall find ourselves in a worse position to meet them than
the other way, we still believe· that it is incumbent upon dis- we were before the struggle began, inasmuch as we . shall
ciples of Jesus to be true to their Master's method. Prac- labor under the curse of ten-fold more suspicion, and intoltically all religious leaders admit war as a moral evil. "War erance, and selfishness. As a matter of fact, it is probable
is hell," and to use it in the defence of good is to call upon that only the passing of this. present generation arid the birth
"Satan to cast out Satan," a course of procedure which Jesus of a new one which has forgotten something of the bitterness
very frankly held up to ridicule. Therefore, if we are to use and hatred engendered by the war, will ·make possible any real
such a method, let us make honest acknowledgment that it is solution of the problem.
·
necessary to quit being Christian for awhile until we get the
If it were not for the moral blindness which afflicts the naworld straightened out. For one thing is absolutely certain, tion for the time being, we might. see tha~ the very . spirit
and that is, that war, with its "brntality, inhumanity, and in- which we have deprecated in Germany is fast coming to rule
tolerable inconsistency" can never be reconciled with a Chris- our own iand, brought on by the Siltanic method which we
tian pNgram.
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.are using .to fight Satan. Dr. Edward A. Steiner, who has
Our friends are mistaken, too, in thinking that the pacifists certainly won the right to be trusted as a good American, has
of the country are acquiescent or passive at the present time. given ample proof of the correctness of the foregoing stateWe are far from it. We are fighting for the protection of ments in . his article entitled, "A Wrong Strategy" which apdemocracy, for the establishment of those principles which 'peared in the "Outlook' for January 2, 1918. Surely the
alone can make possible a permanent
"Outlook" need .not be suspected of
peace, for the freedom of men before
giving publicity to any misstatement of
God, and for the alleviation of sufferfacts in connection with such an issue
ing, in what seem to us the only ways
as the present one. Dr. Steiner says
HRISTIAN pacifists are fightopen to Christian men; and we believe
(speaking of the treatment which loyal ·
that in the methods we are using we
ing for the protection of democGerman-Americans are receiving at the
are accomplishing more for those ends
hands of our state and county officials)
racy, for the establishment of those
than would be possible if we gave the
"I know what is going on in the hearts
principles, which alone, can make
nation our support in the prosecution
of the men who have been cruelly
possible a permanent peace, but
of the war.
treated and maligned. If I were not
they believe that in their methods
There is another fundamental issue
so throughly an American, and if I
~e accomplishing more for
which ought to be brought up at this
did not sense the American spirit at
point. We suppose that there a re few
its best, the treatment I have received
those ends than would be possible
Christian leaelers in this country who
would make an anarchist of me. I
if they gave the nation their unhate war more than Dr. Chas. E. J efam pleading for a new strategy, for we
qualified support in the prosecution
ferson of the Broadway Tabernacle,
are unmaking good Americans, and·
of the war.
New York, and yet now tha t America
not making them. ·
Frankly,
has entered upon this struggle, he
I am fearing for the future of our
writes, "We can"not wash our hands
country after the war,· not while it
and say. 'We will have no part in this
lasts. I fear that the breach will grow
business.' For we are citizens. We belong to the Republic. the greater as the war proceeds, and as it exacts from us
We arc cells of a great organism. We are part of a huge greater sacrifices. I fear that we who were alien born, and
bundle of life. When a na tion is at wa r, every c•hzen is were born again into Americans, will be made into aliens
involved. Every citizen has duties which make sacrifices again . Where I am writing, we are being controlled by a
which are not called for in ordinary times. It will not do to Prussian cast of mind; we are fast becoming that which we
say, 'I had nothing to do with bringing on the war,' or 'I am are fighting, and the alien born are finding themselves in the
opposed to all 'wars.' The war is here, and no matter what midst of the very conditions from which the fled. We need
we think or wish or feel, it is the duty of all citizens to do a new stra tegy, else we shall lose more than we shall gain.''
(Emphasis in this quotation the present writer's).
all in their power to bring the war to a victorious finish."
Any man who knows anything at all about what is really
A part of Dr. Jeffersons's conclusions we are entirely ready
to accept. . It is true that we cannot wash our hands and happening in our country at the .rresent time, knows that Dr.say that we Y..ill have no part in this business. There is rio Steiner's words are true, and that he has stated the truth
one of us who is not in part responsible for the condition of mildly. We do need a new strategy, the strategy of J esus as
things which made war possible. We have all been guilty over against that of militarism; the strategy of the cross, as
at times of that spirit of suspicion, of intolerant criticism, of opposed to that of the sword! This new strategy each inself-seeking, which is the real cause of the war. Therefore, dividual Christian who has faith in "the way" can help to put
we owe it to our God and to our fellowmen to make all pos- it into operation. America needs protection at the present:
sible sacrifices at this time in behalf of a better world wherein moment from the despotism on her own shores. She need11
men who with Christian devotion will show our foreign bom
the spirit of Jesus shall rule.
But the mistake of Dr. Jefferson and of others who take his popnlation that there is still something of the old Americanism
\ position is in failing to recognize that war is not the only left.
We agree with Dr. Jefferson. too, in his statement that "We
ethod whereby men may seek to overcome the evil forces
' ~
ich just . no~ threaten. our civilization. It is possible. to are citizens. We b~long to the Republic. We are cells of a
great organism.'' We are, indeed, citizens of the Republic of
~ for the victory of nghteoushess, and for the protection
C
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./ I
�The -Internationalist
Pap nineteen
God. We are cells in that spiritual organism which Jesus herence to it may mean that for the present our service must
called 'The Kingdom." Of course, we under~tand that Dr. be accomplished through the smaller group, the minority,
Jefferson is not talking about the Kingdom of God, or the Re- rather than through co;0peration with the"majority in carrying
public of God, whichever title we give to it, but rather of the out the program of the government. We shall endeavor to
American Republic. Now while it is true that we are members avoid any spirit of intolerance toward those who believe that
also of this American Republic, it seem to us that Dr. Jefferson a -Christian program for the present necessitates participation .
will have to admit that our first loyalty is to the heavenly in the prosecution of the war; but as for ourselves, we canKingdom, not to the earthly. For us the law of Christ is above not believe that God requires us to assist in defending either
every law, and the loyalty to his kingd(,lm above every loy- His truth or His peoRie by a method which involves, from our
alty. Furthermore, the heavenly~~~dom is one which knows standpoint, such an entire' "moral 's urrender" of the whole
nothing of the barrier representeu ~nationalism. There is a Christian· position.
stronger tie than that of a common birthplace; it is the tie of
a common spiritual experience by which men are made citizens of the Kingdom of Brotherly Love. Neither language,
nor color, nor education, nor birthplace, serve to separate
Today my boss died.
men who Lelong to this spiritual Kingdom.
They say it was apoplexy.
As for the Liological analogy, that we "are cel!s of a great
That's why I'm here, lying in the grass, .
organism," it J!> only true in a limited sense when applied to tne
Stunned and trembling at the wonder
relation of the individual to the state. Apparently the real
Of these new-born things,
·'
difference of opinion here is as to whether as Christian men
These violets and these buttercups
our first responsibility is to obey the will of God as we underThat stare at me so silently.
stand it individually, or, to fall in with the judgment of the
I had forgotten that there ever was a Spring,
social group when the two conAict as at the present time. To
And tender leaves and yielding earth
.
the writer it seems as though Jesus
And birds that sing with joy;
approaches the whole problem of life
I've lived so long where there are only
as primarily that of the relation of the
grinding wheels
individual soul to God. His chief conAnd cold, unliving cobblestones.
EDWARD A. STEINER said
cern was to get men to live th~ filial
life as children of their Heavenly
This morning, when they stopped the
recently in the "Outlook":
Father. His teaching has large social
wheels because he died,
"I am fearing for the future of our
implications and consequences, but it
And closed the doors out of respect
country, not the present. We are
for him,
is individual in its approach. Hence
the fundamental loyalty of a Christian
The unexpected freedom only left me
in danger of being controlled by a
man even in time of war is not to the
dazed.
?russian cast of mind; we are fast
social group of which he is a member,
I could not believe that it was Wednesday,
but to God.
becoming that which we are fightDr. Raymond C. Brooks of The
And
I outside the doors with idle
ing, and the alien born are finding
hands,
First Congregational Church of Berthemselves in the midst of the very
While all around, the world rushed on
keley, California, has expressed practically the same attitude as Dr. Jefwith working. .
conditions from which they Aed."
ferson's in the words, "whether we
I felt so lost and useless and alone.
Of what good was it to be not workthink the initial step was wise or uning?
,.
wise {that is entering into the war) we
And then ,unthinkingly, I took a car
are now in it, and we must therefore
And it brought me out here.
meet as wisely and as manly as possible the responsibility fo r
what has been done." To that the pacifist will say, "We be-.
Three hours I've lain here in the grass- just r-esting,
lieve in co-operating with our government when it is standing
Thinking what I thought of long ago,
for the right, but when that government deliberately decides
Before ·I grew too tired, .
through those who are in control to enter upon a course of
Feeling what is too beautiful to fed in wearniness:
action which is wrong, then we can best be true to our counFor three whole hours I have been alive!
try, and ca:n best meet our responsibility as Christian citizens
by persistently doing the right, refusing at the same time to
have part or iot in the wrong course which the government is
It is queer- but grimly true
•
taking." Our first duty is to God, not to the government. The
Because a fat man fed his body over-much
fundamental responsibility is not the social, but the individual.
And choked his mean and scrubby soul,
I have a day of freedom
We believe in no goveiument which attempts to coerce the
A .p ocalypse
DR.
consciences of its citizens. Govemment of that sort is of the
essence of what some have called "Kaiserism."
And if I said what I feel lying here,
Remembering what it means to be alive,
With the warm earth stirring. under me,
I'd say I'm glad- I'm glad he died
- ELEANOR
In .conclusion, then, it reems .to the pacifists of the country _
that it ought to be evident to anyone who trusts to spiritual
values, and to spiritual forces, as supreme that we shall never
conquer the ideals for which some of our enemies seem to
$land by stooping to their own vicious methods. . Furthermore,
--owe believe that the Christian method which has been suggested
'"There has not been a be!!er thing done in this
-.i~ one whereby we shall "more surely protect and defend the
than the establishment of co-operation of which
ideals which are our c,ommon possession," even though ed- principal credit.""-WILLIAM E. GLADSTONE.
country, •
·
'·
�\
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Pqe t,venty
The , Internationalist
Is Compulsory Military Training Desirable?
-A S~mposium
M
The simple fact is that our own plutocratic elements have
Y primary objection to Compulsory Military Training
in the United States is that the scheme itself, whatever discovered the value of compulsion as a means of subduing
the motives for which it is urged, is at once reaction~ the laboring masses. Germany has pointed the way, and the
ary and suicidal. It would mean the Introduction into a desire to subdue Germany ·is tempered by the desire to adopt
democracy of a system fundamentally at variance with its Germany's methods of dealing with the "ungtaded masses."
In this they will never succeed as a permanence,-not so
principles and which if rigidly carried out for a few , genera~
long ·as America remains America. And the surest way for
tions would destroy democracy. ·
There are two forms of discipline, leading to fwo forms of these demerits to bring down "Bolshevikism" on their own
efficiency. The discipline enforced from above, whereby the heads is to persist in attempts to under~ine our own "bour~
individual man becomes "a brick in the wall of an edifice- · geoise" democracy.
This country has been built up by free men who have
. the nature of which is unknown to him," leads to mass~
efficiency, and individual incompetence. The discipline from something to lose through disorder or despotism, and who
within, by which in freedom a man creates his own status, under just conditions are able to take care of themselves and
and shares a personal responsibility in all public acts, leads have something left over for the public welfare.
-DAVID STARR JORDAN.
to individual effectiveness, and through freedom of develo~
>(.
>(.
:(.
ment to national intelligence and wisdom.
The purpose of three years of military servitude in Ger~
HE department has not sought and does not now seek
many is not to make good soldiers, but to make bad citizens.
legislation on the subject of u~iversal military traini~?
for the reason that the formulation ·of a permanent mrh~
The purpose and result is blind obedience and docility, abject
trust in officialism and abject subservience to the demands of tary policy will inevitably be affected by the arrangements
consequent upon the termination of the present war. Civ~
wealth and power.
The purpose of the system is industrial quite as much as ilized men must hope that the future has in store a relief
military, and in both capacities alike it puts the people at from the burden of armament and the destruction and waste
of war. However, when a permanent .military policy comes
large at the mercy of the ruling oligarchy.
The military system may make for order. The unabashed to be adopted, it will doubtless be conceived in a spirit whicli
rule of the rich, characteristic of Germany, makes a com~ will be adequate to preserve against any possible attack on
munity comfortable for the favored classes, but it has no those vital principles of liberty upon which democratic inother merit, and being essentially lawless, sooner of later it stitutions are based, and yet to be so restrained as in no
goes down in blood. In the various states of Germany there event to foster the growth of mere militarist ambitions or to
exists no positive law, -that is, law made by the people and excite the apprehension of nations with whom it is our first
for the people. All popular ·rights are gral1ted from royalty desire to live in harmonious and just accord.
and all legislation is subject to absolute veto. It is so with
- NEWTON BAKER, Secretary of War.
:(.
:~
>(.
all autocracies, and when the brass-bound system breaks,
there remains no law at aiL A democracy may be ignorant,
AM opposed to Compulsory Military Training, aqp here
tyrannical, misguided, but it is never as a whole lawless, for
are a few of the reasons for my opposition:
its law is of its own creating.
I. As training for the body, miltary training is incomplete
In favor of Compulsory Military training it is urged that and inadequate; and, moreover, is intended for even less
many of our youth lack in physical development. This state- than half the population,-only for the stronger boys, not
ment is o.ften exaggerated, but in so far as it is true, mili- for the weaker boys who need physical training the most, and
tary drill offers no remedy.
not at all for girls.
·
The only physical training of value in in a well-ordered
2. As mental training, the proposed military training is a
gymnasium, or in well-planned camping parties and excur- hopeless failure. It develops blind, stupidly blind and brainsions into the open. To be worth while, all such training less, obedience-automatic, mechanical obedience-just such
must be under competent teac~ers and under educational, not obedience as we just now observe in the hordes of the cruel
' military control. To use old troopers as teachers of growing Kaiser. The wild-beast Kaiser sits on a hill, miles from
boys, as has been done in Austrailia, shows the worst pos- danger, watching his human automatics, his helplessly obed~
sible way of training boys.
ient multitudes bleeding from millions of wounds while they
It is, besides, in accord with our principles of Home Rule butcher scores of thousands of their own class-TO KEEP
that our schools should be under local control. A system A WILD BEAST SAFE ON HIS THRONE WITH A CROWN
managed by a Central Bureau at Washington would be in- ON HIS HIDEOUS HEAD. Otherwise, too, it is a failure
tolerable. Then again, boys who are not in school need as mental training.
physical training even more than those who are, and girls
3. With respect to social development, military training
need it quit. as much as boys.
is a disaster. Witness Europe at this awful hour.
4. That such training should be thrust ~pon the children,
It is true. that the hope of this war-and the main justifi~
ation for our entrance into it-is that it is "a war to end forced upon them, bound _upon them, to get finally into the
.r.''
very blood and fibre of them-is an outrage.
•r relation in this regard has been clearly and powerfully
5. The unanimous enthusiasm of the ·profiteers for com\ by the President. To save civilizaton we must ,d o pulsory military training forever damns it as a thing to be
', ¢th armies. Our position at the peace negotiations avoided as a pestilence.
I hope for a u~iversal sho~t against it-from the working
~eqfarcial if while declaring for lasting peace we made
class.
~ic~ . have AFTER THE WAR, the most powerful
-GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK.
~k f world.
T
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�v _ ·..
;..~~
The
lnternationaliat
Page twenty-one
U
NLESS this be truly "a war to end war, to establish what of it? You will have had the transport and the ecsta~y
a league of peace for the world, the sacrifices of the of your belief in the efficacy of words to· ward off danger.
-It's all a · matter of taste.- Some persons prefer phrases to
nations will have been in vain. It is with a view to this
lofty ideal that both President Wilson and Secretary- Baker facts, hobbie\ to horse sense. They learn nothing and they
have expressed disapproval of a policy at present of com- forget everything (except their phrases). Such persons, in
pulsoty military training. The sixteen-year-old boy cannot their zeal to guard against militarism, are pretty sure to ta'ke
. be a factor in the winning of this war. Why, then, should · the one course which will f'!Sten militarism upon their backs.
-- we cast suspicion upon our protestations by deliberate and The Kaiser loves such -people. - They are useful in his .business. He couldn't possibly get along without them.
extraordinary preparations for war in the future?
· . -W. J. GHENT.
The most hated element in what is called "prussi·anism" is
the militaristic mind, that mind to which discipline is the
highest virtue and the state the sole arbiter of morality. Yet
the direct object of military training is the inculcation of this
disciplinary ideal. As a lover of Anglo-Saxon traditions, I
wish to oppose with all my energy 'the subjection of our free
boys to the mental "goose-step."
By SCOTT NEARING
-JESSIE WALLACE HUGHAN.
So
many
people
have spoken and. w-ritten recently
:;. :;. :;.
about the "stupendous sacrifices some folks are rn.aking
F this war is to end war, why universal compulsory milifor the sake of that principle," that I finally decided to
tary training?
set down . the gains and losses that I. for example, have
It does not teach a constructive but a destructive art.
. ·experiented during the past three years.
It does not begeLqn independent but an obedient soul.
First as to gains:
It enlists labor into an army revering authority and breeds
I. I have gained a number of stanch friends.
a power that will suppress all insurrection.
2. I have had my belief in the essential soundness
The proletariat's best weapon is not guns but the general
of human nature in the mass revived and immensely
strike, and universal military training kills the idea and will
strengthened by the Russian revolution.
suppress the fact.
3. I have seen a new vision of the possible solidarIts complete object lesson is seen in Germany and the
ity of labor actually working for the British labor movearmy of the German people invading Russia, deaf to the apment. This makes me more than ever ready for intenpeals of their fellow proletariat, for a real democracy of the
national Socialism NOW.
people-political, industrial and spiritual.
4. I have seen the peoples of the world try force
-CHARLES ERSKINE SCOTT WOOD.
and hate as a method of handling social affairs, only
.y. :;. :;.
to discover, through experiences of unparalleled bitterness, that society can not be maintained on that basis.
ROPER physical training is desirable. It can easily be
Inevitably people will be compelled to adopt the only
had , through the medium of the public schools. But
possible social principle-brotherhood and peace.
there is no occasion to maike it military.
5, I have seen the theory of economic determinism
Compulsory military service has but one object-imperialWORK
in the schools, churches, villages ahd cities of
Ism.
the United States. For me it is a theory no longer, but
A big army and navy to keep the working class down at
a demonstrated fact.
home and to lick everybody that stands in the way of com6. Finally, I have seen the young blood of America
mercial supremacy abroad.
put
to the test and I know that it is red.
That'~ the whole story.
Against these immense gains, what losses must I set
I'm against it.
down?
What we want is a worid organization formed along demoI have lost:
cratic lines- a federation of socialized nations.
I. Respectability.
This we mustwork for.
2. Academic position.
Then there wil[ be no occasiOn for national armies.
3. Income.
- JOHN M. WORK.
All of these losses are the merest social t~ys. Weighed
in the balance of the ages, they are dust. But the
OMPULSORY military training is, under existing congains?
ditio~~· desirable_ or undesi~able according to the s?~ial
They are the sign posts that point inexorably to a
condition at which you aim. If you regard pohtJcal
world state, built upon industrial democracy and aiming
democracy as worth- retaining and as a step in the direction
toward the brotherhood of man.
of social democracy, compulsory military training is desirable.
If you are quite indifferent to the maintenance of political
democracy; if you are fond of repeating the drivel that it
' makes rto difference whether your employer is an American
capitalist or a T euton field-marshall; if you prefer to delude
I rejoice at 'every effort workingmen make to organize ; I
yourself with phrases and dwell (for a time) in a Bolshevik
fool's paradise, then compulsory military training is highly do not care on what basis they do it. Men sometimes say
undesirable. Of course, you run the risk that sooner or later to me, "Are you a~1 Internationalist?" I say, "I do not
a well-armed nation will come along and ovemm yqur people, know what an Internationalist is." "But," they tell me,
lay upon you an enormous burden of tribute and reduce you is a system by which the workingmen from London to
to an ac.tual slavery which will make you remember the thing raltar, from Moscow to Paris, can clasp hands."
·rou nQw call wage"slavery as a state .of ethereal bliss. I3ut say, "God speed to that or any similar movement,"
Concerning Losses and Gains
I
P
C
Wendell Phillips on Internationalism
�The
Internationalist
Minutes
, By Mary Allen
J
OE'S eyes left the wheel for a moment to peer anxiously
at his wife.
"Warm enough, Bill?"
"Sure! " She snuggled further down in the auto seat. A
low growl issued from the blanket which covered .her
knees, a dog's sleepy protest.
"Be still Mike! I've got to move once in awhile."
"You oughtn't to hold that dog, Bill. Put him down-the
darn nuisance!"
"Mike," said Bill, "joe's cross. Get down."
Growling his dissatisfaction, Mike rolled from her lcip.
She giggled girlishly. "Isn't it funny-"
"Funny-" joe's hands clenched the wheel.
"You've got a sewing machine and a victrola and a second-hand Ford and a dog and a wife and almost a baby.
Gee, Joe! You're getting rich! You didn't have anything
last year when I married you!'
Noting his silence, she reached up and squeezed his face
against hers. "Now don't you worry, kid. It's going to be
all right."
"It's got to be," he said grimly.
"You'll get a job at San Pedro."
"If only that San Diego job had held out a few months
longer!" he groaned. "I may get a job but it won't pay
much."
"joe," she asked wistfully, "do you blame me?"
"Blame you? Good God, no! "
"I've noticed something here lately, joe. You've got a
wrinkle right between your eyes. And you're only twentythree. And I've felt kind of bad because I thought I made
it."
"Not much you didn't, you crazy kid."
"I tried to be satisfied with Mike," her vo1ce very low,
"but somehow he didn't fill the bill."
"Let them that wants to, nurse a pup. My wife's going
to have the real thing if she wants it. I'm a pretty poor
stick if I can't keep a wife and kid."
He sent the car ahead with a spurt. "Poor little Bill !
Trying to be satisfied with a dog because I said we couldn't
afford a baby! Say, that day I caught you looking in that
window full of kid do-dads, crying- - "
·"I wasn't!"
"You was- You might have fooled some, but you couldn't
fool me! I saw your eyes. Say I wanted to crawl off into
a gopher hole and die, I felt so small."
He slowed down to take a curve. "We must be close to
Capistrano. See what tiine it is. will you, 'Bill?"
She struck a match and held it against the face of her
husband's watch.
"Eight twenty-five," she replied.
"We'll make San Pedro before midnight easy. Gosh!
What if I can't find a job! " He grew clammy and limp at
the thought.
"Of course you will," Bill declared confidently. "If only
-0-0h! Joe!-- "
Joe saw the glare but it was to.late. A crash-a woman's
scream-a stunning blow:-excited voices giving orders- his
..., .......~...~ grasped no more.
he had not yet completely lost consciousness. His
being 'seemed to be reaching out, groping in agony
•
·
It lay just beyond the whirlwhite and red and black circles that were en.
gulfing him. What was it? Bill-was she safe-the kida job--jnl-- that was what he was after-a job. On.e more
grinding_ pain-one more wrench-and he would reach itthere behind the darkening circles. · He reached again and
slipped--down--down into darkness and silence.
· Eons of time. · Then his senses began ·to reach out once
more. At first they knew nothing but pain. But they were
not his senses. Plainly someone had a horrible pain somewhere. He finally located it in some one's head. At last
in his, Joe's head.
.
Where was he? Then it came to him. Ther~ had been
an auto accident. Where was Bill?
He raised himself and looked around. His shattered car
first met his eye. Then Mike: a shred -of mangled flesh.
Poor little devil. But thank God Bill had something better
than a dog.
Bill? He rose and found her. Some men were bending
over her and there was blood on her head in her hair. He
knelt down and took her head on his knee but she did not
open her eyes. Bill was dead. Well, he always knew that
life with Bill was too good to last.
He paid no attention to the group of men and they paid
no attention to him, until one of them said,
"Here's the doctor."
The doctor was a little man in huge tortoise shell glasses
with brown lenses. He spoke in a whisper, a sort of rasping
hiss.
"Who may you be and what do you want?" he rasped 'at
Joe.
"My wife,:· joe _replied humbly, "She's dead."
The doctor glanced at her carelessly. "Pooh! She isn't
dead. Her skull's fractured.';
Joe's heart gave a great bound. "Not dead?"
"Not 1yet, but she may be tomorrow."
"Oh!"
Joe's tears began to come now.
"She'll need two operations. That bone in the head must
be lifted and the child must be taken. How long is she
pregnant?"
"Eight months."
"Yes, yes," the doctor rasped, "The child must be removed, and I'm the only doctor in the state who can performthe operation. Young man, it's a lucky thing I happened to be driving along here. Science and skill are at your
command but it will cost you a good many hundred dollars."
"Oh God!" joe gasped.
"I always demand my pay in advance.''
Joe got down on his knees in the dirt.
"Doc, I can't pay in advance. I've only got ten dollars,
but if you'll save my wife, I'll work my fingers off to pay
you."
"Hum! You don't look like a fellow that can be trusted."
"Doc, I swear to God I'll pay you if you'll only give me
time."
"Have you a job?"
"No, but I'm sure I can get one at San Pedro. Let
me try, Doc. Doc, let me try."
•
''Well, all right. I'll take her to my hospital and operate.
You go right ' over to the station. There's a train due for
San Pedro."
"Doc," joe beseeched timidly, 'Td like to stay and see
how the operation turns out.'"
·
"Yes," hissed the doctor, "and lose the job. Go, or I'll
�!
The
ln J ernationalist
Pa~e twenty-three
let your wife die right here."
among them, had huge hammers with which they hammered
joe ran all the way to the · station. He fell once and all day long~ Each man took his turn~ne-t\v~three
bumped his head. He almost missed his' trai~ but. managed four-five-Joe was five·, and every time his hammer fell it
to swing on to the last car. His head ached intensely. But jarred his head. He hammered for he knew not how long,
he would not complain of an aching head, for Bill was lying until one night the · paymaster gave him a bill.· He folded
on a white glass table. He shuddered, he groaned in· his it in a small wad and put it away in his pocket to save for
agony when he thought what they might be doing to Bill. the doctor. Then the paymaster called him back, ~aying he
Poor Bill! Poor ·little Bill! What a shaft of light she had had a message for him.
been in his life-her funny little tilted nose, her gay, foolish
"You're wif,e .is dead." ·
talk, her girlish giggle! And now she was lying on a white
"No," Joe said.
.
"Yep," said the paymaster.
glass table and he must not think what they were doing to
her. If his head went back on him he could not look for a
Dead.
job . . . .
"Can I gef a co~ple of day~ off?" he asked the boss.
"My name's Wilma," she had told him when he first met
· "I guess so," the boss replied grudgingly.
her, "but my friends call me Bill."
Joe did not stop to change his clothes. He made a wild
"I guess I'm your friend, Bill, ain't I?" he asked, and she dash for a passing car; .. missed, and fell sprawling upon the
· tracks.
-··., ·
had said she guessed so.
. .
Then that other time. He . had bitterly said, "A guy
He rose and limped away, his hand · holding his· aching
head. He began to laugh. It was just like a movie show,
like me can't get married."
"Why?" she had asked.
it was! The whole blooming thing had been like a picture
"I never had a chance to learn a trade. I'm just a roust- show, with him the main guy, pulling off one· fool stunt after
about. I'll never. have anything. I'd be a dirty scoundrel anpther!
A breeze fanned his face, and something spla;hed upon it.
to ask a girl to take me. She wouldn't get many of these."
He had touched her transparent waist where a lacey edge Was it raining? -He turned his forehead upward, hoping the
of dainty undergarment showed through.
drops might soothe the intolerable ache. But even th~ sky
"Pooh! Clothes don't cost much when you make your was against him. The splashes were hot and brought no
own and know where to buy cheap. Besides--" she had solace.
.
•
•
said the rest so low he had to bend pretty close to hearThe idea that he was a part in a picture drama persisted.
"If a girl cared- "
He seemed to step outside himself and as though seated in a
She stopped here, giggled a little, then started to cry. So theatre, he watched ~is own wild antics as .they reeled past.
he had married although his common sense told him he He saw himself in a jitney rolling at a mad pace along a
hadn't any business to. And now she was on a glass table. crowded boulevard; he saw the jitney miss other cars by a
His mind rose and fell in beats with the engine, over the thumb's width, curling in and out as though reeling home
fact that she was on a glass table. It was almost unbearable from a spree; he saw himself sometimes walking, for the
and he experienced no relief when he left the train at w.ost part running, along interminable city blocks ; he saw
San Pedro.
himself staring upward at a great white stone building with
He started directly for the shipyards. At last a job was a cross on the tower; he saw himself stumbling, always
in sight. But it was not goirig to be easy to get it. ·His stumbling, up the stone steps~ through the open doorway ; he
path seemed to be strewn with obstacles. He lost his way "Saw himself addressing a young girl in white dress and nurse's
and had to climb fences to reach the shipbuilding district. cap who smiled at him pertly; he saw her shak~ her head and
He encircled many huge buildings only to find that he had point down the street ; he sa~ himself hurrying off in the
come back to where he started from. Once he was caught direction she had pointed, where there was another building,
in a ·small rear yard and a policeman threatened to arrest long and low, a great many potted palms in the window and
him, but he had begged so hard thta the policeman finally a sign across the front- "Undertaking Parlors- Ladies a
let him go with a warning. Also the policeman thumpec\, Specialty." He saw himself being · Jed to the rear of the
him on his sore head with a billy. It made it ache worse than building, through ··a long dark hall, and at the end of the
ever.
hall a door, which was opened; lfe saw himself in a roomFinally he reached an employment office. There was a stone walls; bare, save for a slab in the middle, upon which
long line of men .outside. He took his plat e at the end, and · · was something wrapped in a sheet. He saw h.imself creeping
after waiting what seemed centuries he was given a hearing. toward the sheet and reaching forth a trembling hand. He
::what's ~o4,r trade?" he ~a~.ked.
saw ~imself turn back the sheet and bare the pretty face
I haven t a trade. I can- of Btll!
"Get out! Get out!" the man roared at him: As he
And now he was no longer a puppet in a picture. He
seemed to be looking for something to hit him with, Joe got was Joe with a heart so sore he could not even weep. Had
out. He was afraid of another blow on his very sore head. it not been for the gash across her forehead, he could almost
He began his wandering again, and this time he was more have thought she smiled. The little brown freckles across
fortunate.
her tilted nose looked browner than ever against the pallor
He got his job.
of her skin.
He figured out the wages he would get. It was hard to
Joe looked around · furtively, His hand stole into his poefigure because his head hurt, but he finally made out that ket where he felt something cold and hard. Stealthily he
as the baby was lost, he and Bill could save enough to pay clutched it, drew it out and opened the largest blade. Then
the doctor's bill in about five years.
he let it fall clattering to the floor. He· remembered. He
He worked in a daze. He hardly knew what his job was, had sworn on his kneP.s to pay the doctor. He could not
except that he had to to a great deal of pounding. Five kill himself. He must go back to his job and pay his bills.
men stood iri a circle. One of them was a Chinaman whom
The undertaker seemed to rise from nowhere. He
Joe thought he knew. He had been cook on a ranch where picked up t~e ·knife, ·and gently slid it i!lto h!s own
Joe haq 9Dce worked
harvesting.- The five men, Joe He rubbed hts hands together apd _spoke tn a stlky
at
'
... ;
�P..e twmty-four
The
1nternation.alist
"We'd better go now and pick a coffin,"' he purred.
Now what? Well, Bill should have her flowers! That's
A new horror clutched Joe. '"I haven't got any money-" what!
he began.
.
.Grasping the flowers firmly, he jumped. And fell.
"Om-, dear, how unfortunate," sympathized the underHe cursed wildly. Damn it! Why should ·he ahYiiY-S fall'?
taker, "But do not fret, my friend. We have board ones for
He tried to. rise . to his feet, tried to reach for the apple
that kind."
blossoms that were scattered all around, but his head ·swam
"I don't want a board one," .Joe whispered, "l want it so he could not. A cool breeze fanned his face, and .some·
white-pure white--,--white silk."
thing spl!lshed upon it. Was· it raining? The drops were
"Dear, dear, but the .money. I must be paid in advance." hot. Even the sky was against -hiirt·.
He ' heard a man's voice as if miles _away. "He's cJ~ing
"Give me time, and I'll pay you. I'll work," Joe said. .
"Impossible. I assure you, board ones are entirely satis- ' round all right. Just a bump on the head."
factory. You must use a board 011e. And flowers~ Can . · Then a woman's voice. "Joe!"
we afford a few flowers?"
Joe lay very still. Gosh! Was he dead? And had the
"Yes," said joe desperately, his hand seeking the folded preadber's got the right dope after all?
bill-the doctor's money. "She's going ·to have lots of
"Bill!" he whispered faintly.
"Oh kid! I thought you'd never come to!" The splashes
· flowers. I'll go get them."
He went out and found a florist's shop. He looked long fell like hot rain upon his face.
"Is this heaven?" he asked feebly.
in the window, trying to make up his mind what he should
"Heaven!"
buy. He finally decided upon violets and white carnations.
. "Are'nt you dead?"
Bill liked sweet smelling flowers best.
He ordered ten dollar's worth, then reached in his pocket
"No I'm not hurt the teeniest little bit. Nobody's hurt but
for the money. It was not in the pocket where he had tucked you-not even Mike. But you· got an awful bump, 'Joe.
it away. He turned the pocket inside out to be sure. Then Feel the lump on your head."
"If we'd been going fast, somebody might have been
all his other pockets. It was not there. It was gone. Lost.
killed," one of the dim figures around him interposed. "We
Dropped perhaps, when he had taken out his knife.
broke your lights and sma~hed the fender, but we'll pay for.
"Will you trust me for the flowers?" he said.
'
·
The florist did not answer for a full minute. Then he it of course."
said, "What do you think I am?" and turned his back.
Joe rubbed his hand up· and down Bill's body and across.
Head bowed, Joe retraced his steps. Suddenly he smelled her forehead. He stroked her warm healthy flesh with resomething-an enchanting odor, just above him. Apple turning confidence.
"What day was it?"
blossoms! Great branches of them! How Bill loved apple
"What day was what, kiddie?" ·
blossoms!
"The day I was hurt."
He looked up the road and down the road, but saw no
"Why, tonight! Just now!"
one. He vaulted over the fence and climbed the tree, to
Joe sat up dizzily and looked at his watch.
the topmost branches where the blossoms were thick. He
It wa; eight thirty!
~
broke them off lavishly.
Bill had told him the time at eight twenty-five. Five
· He heard a shout. Across the garden\, a man was running, '
gesticulating fiercely. He was a little man in huge tor- minutes ago.
Five minutes!
toise shell glasses with brown lense'Sl. My God! The doc·
joe laid down again and asked for a drink.
tor!
The Trouble With T·he Soc-ialist · Party
A
-
S an agency . in diffusing the philosophy of Socialism
throughout society, the Socialist party has been a brilliant success. As a theory, Socialism has been made
popul~r by the Socialist party. But this work is done, and
the urgent need is for an active, potent, virile, agency to carry
the theory into practice, and make Socialism a real force in
politics and industry. Whether or not the Socialist party is
to-bi:come this agency depends upon the ability of the organi·
zation to adapt itself to new requirements. If it persists in
being inflexible, if it persists in becoming a narrow creed
based on what some patron saint thought, said, or wrote several years ago, its use-fulness will soon become that of a
· historic reiic, a fossilized effect of a past evolutionary period.
There is absolutely no doubt that Socialism, like all forces
of , evolution, has power to secure those ways and means nec·
essary to accomplish its ends; but the rapidity of its forward
movement in the immediate future · depends upon whether -the
Socialist party is to become an obstruction clinging to the past,
nr....n organization that can .move forward, both revolutionary
·
efficient.
~b1sol111tely impossible for the Socialist 'p arty to carry
before it without more funds. More funds can
--~~;,J;;;_.A:::.ilio:.Lc.,; _;_,~"'"'· [
' ' ..,_ . - . /
'~ ' \
'•
only be secured by raising the membership dues. And even
with more funds, if administration is to continue as ununified,
sc3.ttered, and inefficient as it is today. the increased income
will be wasted as«asily as the pr~sent income is wasted, as
far as accomplishing effective results are concerned. tf the
membership dues were raised to ten dollars per year the cost
to the average Socialist would be no greater than at present,
for most every Socialist gives as much or more than this each
year to be spent inefficiently and ineffectually.
The Socialist party must ·adopt a radical change in its relation toward the labor movement, for no Socialist or~aniza
tion can longer prosper unless .it is organized both politically
and industrially. It had as well be admitted first as last that
there is little common ground for a labor movement that
recognizes the profit system as a legitimate social institution
and the Socialist party that professes to abhor that system and
is determined to destroy it. There must be a labor organization within the Socialist party, for, unless the party is able to •
champion the cause of the revolutionary working class both on
the political and the industrial field, i.t can not carry out the
historic mission of socialism awd must relegate itself to the
"
- · H. A. MERRICK•. ;~.past.
L.
b......:-....
- -~;:;::&iii~~~~~~~~
�The
lnternationalht
Pqe lwenly·6ve
Two Poems··
The Vagabond
:. ·-·~
wander alone upon the .earth.
have no friend, no wife, no child to' call my own.
Not a soul shares the rigors or the joys of my way.
And yet, I am but rarely ·sad,
Perhaps there is a little sadness in my days,
Like that which creeps into the days of Indian 3ummerA sadness whimsical, transitoryThat casts transparent shadows
On gleaming colors and . gay fancies
And quivers in the music of the sudden gusts of wind
That set the _leaves to rustling down the footpaths
By slow riv ers.
But for the most part I am glad.
And why not be glad!
Though I am scorned and outcast,
I am far more free
Than men who in the ci ties madly labor
On the treadwheel of the Money God,
Foreve r hoping to reach Freedom on the step above,
But forever findin g it no nearer.
Their endl ess toil makes drab and their petty vices tarnish
The soul s which should be radiant.
Their futile scorn but gives me courage to go on my way.
Then, too, there are the nights.
When city men, searching for the day's lost joy
In dives and tawdry _dance halls,
·
Drown their souls in uncouth, rakish clamors,
I watch the moon rise silently and gild the fog-haze on the
·
.
hills;
watch the short, swift journeys of the shooting stars,
So like careers of humans mad for glory.
One moment they blaze forth meteoric, dazzling,
And then vanish,
Leaving but the question whence they come .and whence they
go.
And pondering on that question,
Out there beneath the 1;tern, blue vault of Heaven,
I seem almost to grasp the Infinite
Yea, but I am glad!
- ELEANOR WENTWORTH.
Yea, I am glad!
For days which men in cities spend in paying
For a Past that was a burden and saving
For a Future that may never come,
I spend in glorying in the Here and Now.
Though I am alone,
My loneliness gives me time
To joy in Life's evanescent glories,
Which the toil-driven in haste pass by
Or vainly dream on.
So, on sweet summer mornings,
When men, bound to the gri nding whtds of Commerce,
Wake, unwilling, to the summons of the city,
Protesting, as they hear the clang of cars, the shriek of
whistles,
The dull, increasing roar of wagons on th e pavement,
"Must we still go on! "
I drift from dream-free sl umbers into a fresh new day,
And, as the morning wind moves softly
Through tall grasses and low-bending trees,
I listen tensely while the first faint stirrings of the F ores!
World
·
Swell mightier and mightier into a song that sencJs up to-· the
· _s~ the cry
-i
"We're glad to live! So glad to live! "
\
And in th.~ iong days
When the city-bound bend limp and joyless over galling
tasks,
That cramp their muscles, · dull their eyes and numb th~ir
souls, .
I trudge far _down my winding, luring road,
My muscles sinewy like the young ~reen tree,
Head up before the friendly onslaughts of the winds.
And when those wonder-working winds,
.
That spread the pollen in the spring and the rip~ seed in the
fall,
Sing to me their wild, exotic songs;
My soul, care-free and joyous, answers them,
As does the meadow lark.
J
Immaturity
A gaffer scored a gay young boor:
"Young man," he carped, "You're immature!
A cub, a tadpole, just a sprol!t)
The way you prance and gag and spout
Is more than man can long endure.
Yuung sir, you're callow, immature!"
"Oh," cried the wag, "Now, you don't say!
That means I'm far from your decay.
Go on and rave! .. Maturity,
Old sire, is no decoy for me .
. The ripe vine falls into decline;
The sprout has still · to be a vine!
"I know if you but had your way,
For my red blood you'd give me whey
And for my spontaneity,
Old dogmas· tempered carefully.
Methuselah, I do abjure
Them all. Hurr'\y,l'm immature!"
-ELEANOR ,,.,...."""''"'"·"'·
�Page lwenly·six
'J:he
Internationalist
The Poetry of Ruth Le Prade
By David Bobapa
R
UTH LE PRADE, one of the most promising of the
younger group of Western writers, early espoused the
cause of humanity. Her poetry is palpitant with life and
love for all life. Passing through the ·weary way of crass
materialism into a rich and beautiful life of spirituality, she
has caught the vision of a democratic earth. Activity in the
Socialist and Pacifist movements has brought her into pram- ·
inence in the radical world. Her poetry was early recognized
by Edwin · Markham, who wrote a beautiful tribute to the
young Los Angeles poet in his introduction to her book, "A
Woman Free, and Other Poems."
Ruth bega n her lit er<).ry career by contributions to the
Socialist and labor pr66s of California under the title of
"In Passing." She is known by her Golden State comrades
by the simple name of "Ruth."
"A Woman Free" is one of the finest pceons of liberated
womanhood in current literature. It begins:
Oh I am a woman free !
My song
Flows from my soul with pure and joyful strength.
I shall he heard lhru all the noise of things/\ song of joy where songs of joy were not.
My sisll'r singers, singing in the past,
Sang songs of melody but not of joyFor woman's name was sorrow, a nd the slave
Is never joyfu l, tho he smiles.
I il m a woman free. T oo long
I was held a captive in the dust. Too long .
My soul was surfeited with toil "or ease
And ro lled as the plaything of a slave.
I am il vvoman free at last
Afrer the c rumbling centuries of time.
Free lo achieve and understand ;
Free lo become and live.
And, after reciting the story of woman's emancipation, fhe
poem ends:
Oh I am free ! My son~:
Flows from my soul with pure and joyful strength;
It shall be heard thru all the. noise of thingsA song of joy where songs of joy were not.
Oh I am free ! I thrill
With radiant life and gladness.
I advance towards all that wait;;--for me.
I chan I the song of freedom as I go.
My face is toward the sun,
My soul is toward the light,
~
My feet are turned toward all that waits for me.
I ai:lvance!
I advance !
Let ignorance and Tyranny
Tremble at sound of my song I
Ruth has ever been a devotee at the shrine of liberation,
and one of her latest poems, published for the first time in
"The Dead Line" is :
THE R~BEL
If God is a tyrantThen shall I rebel against him;
I shall summon hosts of angels
To rebel against' ·him;
I sh all never rest '
Until with Satan as my ally
I storm the gates of heavenAnd overthrow Him I
It is with a different vision that Ruth turns to the beauties
f nature, when her heart swells with such songs as:
THE PURPLE '*1STERIA
.wisteria gi:ows upward, seeking the stars,
is• its · perfume. strangely sweet;
are its leaves, fairy leaves;
walk ip the moonlight near the purple wisteria which grows
upward, towards the stars.
walk in the mo\)nlight near the slr<1nge, sweet flower that 1
love so.
Oh the mystery of the · night is in my blood!
And the charm of the moonlight is in my heart!
And the fragrance of the flower thriUs thru my ·soul !
Oh I am mad with strange and passionate joy!
Flower that I love so, flower that grows upward, seeking the stars;
Flower with strange, sweet perfume and the silver fairy .leaves ;
Why do you thrill me with such strange and passionate joy?
Why do you madden me with ecs.tasy divine:
Flower that I love so, your beauty vibrates thru my soul foreverOh help me upward, for I, too, am seeking the stars!
Like a benediction from the Man of Galilee, reads:
....1: WE CANNOT MOUNT ALONE
Oh I would mount to the bright stars;
I would be jt•yful always;
1 would be pure and full of strength;
But alas, I cannot- For as long as .one man· is sorrowful and broken
I, too, am sorrowful and broken. ·
As long as one woman is surrounded with vileness
I, too, am surrounded with vileness;
And as long as one soul is weak
I, too, am weak.
No bird falls to the earth with broken wings;
No lily's lovely whiteness turns to brown
But I, too, am affected.
And as lo ng as one small child sobs in the night
My heart . will answer, sobbing too.
The stars are bright, tho they are far away.
I cannot mount to them alone,
Nor would I if I could.
I am no nearer to· them than the level of the lowest nll:!1.
I can but lift myself by raising him.
Humanily is one, we cannot rise apart :
And joy, that strange. swe.e t thing whoch ;.11 me~
Is never found by those who seek alone.
,d,,
The sta rs are bright tho .they a re fa r away.
We cannot climb Inwards them apart.
Oh let u.s wake. thrilled with radiant love.
And mount forever upward, hand in hand!
A strange cry of vividity we discover in the openmg lines
of "Because Your Beauty Is":
Darkness, Earthquake and Storm,
And I in the ruins alone,
With my crumbling heart at my feet.
Then the luminous whiteness of your soul •hone down upon me;
And I lifted my face unto your love-A love which folds all creatures to, your breast,
The love of Socrates and Christ;
Understanding all,
Forgiving all,
Hoping all- And I was glad
Because your beauty is I
Ruth is young in years of this life, but an old soul, universal in . her loves and passions. She has lived such messages as: ·
·
~
.
I have loved winds that wander, tossing trees, tossing the
silver leaves ;
Touching my body softly or with rude strength;
Blowing thru my hair; saluting me
puaing on.
r
I
~ r-<
�.
The
lnternationali&t
I have loved Bowers that blow;
Silver lilies, purple poppies, orange Bowers, honeysuckles, .
pansies. lilacs, geraniums. violets.
I have loved the contact of gr~s. and of the trees ;
Of the brown earth, pregnant with promise.
.
'f.
:to 'f.
Because I have clasped hands with nature I can clasp hands
more knowingly with man.
Oh I have thrilled with all his strange and passionate joy;
And I have wept with all his sorrows.
I have loved him in his beauty an"d his strength;
I have l.oved him in his struggle and his pain.
I have loved him to the heights and depthsAnd I have l!nder.stood.
Oh more than everything have I loved man.
I have loved man more than God' For man is God made manifest.
And tho the race. its false conves~tion& spumed.
Would cry us doYt'll into the d.pths of hell.
We rise triumphant, hurling our glad ~-orcls
Across eternity'
The stars bow they are true!
nue is no
For the pedanticism of the ages Ruth has her fling:
Oh these exahe.rs of ruson, of the cold intdlKt ;
These worshlpper5 at the tombs of the dead;
These men of petty vision and of rules!
· With dead languages, dead philosophies, dead thots.
.lhey shut themselves from the sunlight,
And demand that others do likewise.
·
Ruth would weld the heart of humar.ity into a perfect
unity, and her faith visions through triumph ~f
I AM A WOMAN AND I LOVE
SOLIDARITY
Amid the darkness and the doubt
I kneel and do not know.
Around me the wild dust
Of unforgollen dreams is blown;
And in my ears the sound of tortured souls.
In the IDng night a word was spoken;
And when the Maslen heard itThey who feed on children's blood and women's ReshThey his! their faces from the stan imd cried:
"It must not be I"
Amid the ho rrors of the dark
I kneel and do not know.
I do not know, I do' not know,
In the long night a word was spoken;
And when the workers heard itThey who build the world with strength and fearful painThey turned their faces towards the stars and cried:
"It shall be so!" .
There is no t anything I know-
Except-
I am a woman and I love;
I am a woman and I love--
In the long night a word was spoken;
A single word- yet empires fell and systems turned to dust.
And thru the lessening gloom a white bird rose,
Singing a hymn unto the dawn.
Not one man only, but all men;
Not one child only, but all children;
And not one nation only, but the world.
And what a rapturous little stanza this:
Dos t liwu know where the fairies live?
The fairies live in the lilies white,
And in the sil ver soft moonlight;
The fairies live in mad delight
Within my heart- tonight.
price too rreat to pay for lon.
It is not pouible to Ion toD aadt !
They are but ghouls
F casting on the dead.
The same theme shines recurrent m:
' ...<·1/ '--
I
And still another gem of different type:
II
Forget? Forget I
Perhaps when the stars have crumbled
And the dust of the worlds blow wild
I will forget.
In past incarnations the soul of Ruth has known the white
heat of passion, else how were such lines as:
Perhaps when my tortured soul
Has risen from its last cross
I will forget.
IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO LOVE TOO MUCH
Forget? Forget!
Yes, I will forget
When you have forgotten.
If I had loved you less,
I might have heen a happy woman,
So they say.
If I had loved less, ·
If I had not ventured all- and lost.
If I had not hurled defiance
At the cold respectability of man
And facctl the censure of a world.
ut,
You
Like
Like
Like
dear, I could qot love yDLf les5.
1e into my life
a song when all was still.
a bird where birds were not,
a bright star in a black, black night.
I could not love you less ;
I would not give the wild, strange sweetness of vn~· Ieiss,
The sound of your dear xoice saying, " I love you •For everything the "'orld 'lould yield.
•
If I had loved you less,
I might have hdd you longer.
But, dear. I would not breathe one word of blame.
Whatever you ha e done, I know
That for a while you loved me.
We few sad souls wbo sl.ray with Love
Out of the cage where men have bid us sing,
Have leamed some tbi.qs ...nae we were 'mid the ~tars.
From Ruth's manuscripts I select, almost at random, this
poem, written a few days ago, and unchristened:
unpu~lished
Do not ask for my love
I have locked the door of my heart,
I have thrown away the key.
h is usdess to "nsk for my love, ·
I have locked the door of my heart ;
I have thrown away the key.
But who is this who comes striding over the earth)
And what is it he holds in his hand?Oh. now I tremble and am afraid I
Ruth is not an tmttator. She possesses originality and in
the few years that I have known her, has grown in power,
and is expressing her message unhampered by conventionality.
She does, however, belong to that school of poets represented
by the greatest of all American singers. the Good Gray Poet.
It is appropriaie to close this little visit to Ruths.'s Los Ang-eles home with her tribute
TO WALT WHITMAN
Dea.r Father; you called for tho&e who were to justify you.
Behold they appear I
With a loud shout they IIIIIIOUIIU '-lves.
�1-
The
Page twenty-eil!ht
I n t'er n a t i on a li 1 .t .
The lmpote ln ce - of Direct Actio.n
By Alaaioa S.easioas
L
ESTER F. WARD, probably without a peer in the realm will abou~d. of course, but the uninitiated yout~ is not inof sociology, has elabor~ted a celebrated theory entitled dined to travel the devious pathways necessary m such a
"The Indirect Method."
casP. to acquire the liquor habit.
The gist of this theory is · that all progress is made by
Out~ide of this, however; little good will result. Our direct .
adapting means . to . an end. Any advancement or improve;. - . action friends, the prohibitionists, fail to · consider the underment is accomplished by strategy and direct action is 'the very lying cause of inebriety. They naively suppose that the only
.reason that men imbibe injurious beverages is because those
negation of strategy.
To illustrate: A huge stone is to .be moved. Tl)e first ini- drinks exist. And, of course, proceeding upon this hypothepulse of the unthinking savage is to use "direct action" on · sis, its corollary follows, namely, that the .way to abolish
the stone, and so he attacks it with his bare hands. The man intemperance is to banish alcohol.
of reason, however, employing strategy, adopts a policy of
This entire line of reasoning is fallacious and superficial.
indirection action, and,,. securing a stick of timber, uses it as The man who craves the intt:mperate use of alcohol is either
a lever. He .thus moves the stone.
. abnormal or else he is surrounded by abnormal social and
The latter method is doubtless a circumlocutory one, but economic ·institutions. As. the vast majority of men are congenitally normal, it follows that social and ec'onomic conits efficacy, compared with the · former, is indubitable. 1
This great principle is applicable to movements of social ~itio~s ~re largely re~pons~ble for the appalling amount of
reform. There are many Teform organizations extant that mtox1cants consumed m . this country annually.
come under the general classification of direct actionism.
~he number of econo~ic and social_causes of _inebri~ty are '
Among them are the prohibitionist parties, the associations legiOn, . and an enu~erahon of all of them would ~eqmre the
campaig-ning for legislation abolishing sex vice, and others space .m a good-sized book. But we can safely say that
of a similar nature. While such legislation often accom- most of _the~ .come under the general head of POVERTY.
Francis Willard, one of the noblest women of our century,plishes· good, it rarely effects a fundamental solution of the
evils which it seeks to remedy, and oftentimes it renders con- and an indefatigable worker in t~e _cau~e o!, temperance, in
an address shortly before she d1ed, said: For twenty-five
ditions far more complicated than they were previ·ously.
Th
d ]iaht abat
t 1
·
. t t
fl
t years, I have said that intemperance was the cause of poverty.
I emen ~ws dm dmanybs I~ hes are agran
I now say, after twenty-five ye~rs' experience, that POVel .re T"h
·
examp es.
ese aws. we_re mten ~ to a o IS , to. a greater ERTY IS THE CAUSE OF INTEMPERANCE "
or lesser extent, prostitutiOn and Its attendant evils. Af~
Ch
H R
II d"
f h F
"M. ·
R
b
.
1 h
h
1
f ·1 d
d h" b
ester . owe , e 1tor o t e resno
ornmg epu •
severa I yea1 s, not on y ave t ese aws a1 e to o t Is,
)"
..
f b d · · I
I k
d f
d"
the unlicensed and uninspected prostitutes, plying their tr-ade
Jcadn.' . a hman ho f 11roa. socJa out 00 ~n ho da~tokun mbg
· ] h
d
1 d"
·1 h SJ.tua- eru
Itlon, as t e o owmg to ~ay concernmg t e rm pro I d estme
can
y, ave sprea venerea 1sease untl t e
I
"M
·f h
r
·11 b
b
tion has become deplorable.
em,
_ost men , 1 t ey ~annot get 1qu? r.• Wl
e_ so er most
The scientific way to deal with sex vJce is to ascertain of the time. ~ost men,_ If they can get. ~lquor, wJIJ be drunk
· h are· 1arge1y soc1a
· 1 aild ecnnomi·c,
and mo.st of the time.
hves are dbarreii
th e CAUSES , · w1uc
u
d hIt IS .those I whose
k
. . . and
.
. t th
monotonous an w ose 11ves ac resource an Imtiahve,
th en erad 1ca
e
em.
h
II
d
"d
·
h
f rom
.
·
d"
t
th
d
t
·
t
.
t
I
th
w
o
norma
y
nee
outs1
e
coercion
to
protect
t
em
Th 1s· m !Tee me o , rue, IS no so spec acu ar as
e d . k ..
nHn · .
d 'd d · ·
b
S · 1·
h
1
direct method, but it constitutes a fundamental remedy.
p h"b' ·
"II
· b) .
)" h
d
ere IS a can I a miSSIOn y a non- OCla 1St t :tt t1e
1
ro thitiObn Wfil . · ul nquelsthon~ll by tahccombp IS
sfomthe goo · sanest method of abolishing a great portion of drunl;cnnes·s
A.mong
e ene cia resu s WI
e e a sence o
e corner .
d
·h d
. 1· ·
d' ·
.
1 ·· t
t tl " t
t th
th
Bl" d ·
JS to surroun men Wit ·· ecent rvmg con Itlons.
sa oon
cons an Y emp
e passmg you ·
m pigs
Prohibition,.. unless accompanied by a program m:::':cri;;'!· ·
ameliorating the working and .living conditions of mc01 a nr1
women, can ·accomplish little. Much praise h'ls been hc::n:.:rl
Rough ·arc they with the touch of the wind;
upon the ex-Czar of Russ~a for prohibiting the consU!!l"llion
Magnetic with the touch of the sun;
of the national drink, vodka, b.u t recent - reports have been
And their voices arc strong, beautiful.
verified that the miser~ble peasants, in their extremity, have
resorted to the use of various poisonous concoction;; that
But those who fedred you and ran from you
Arc equally frightened by them.
have caused the death of hundreds.
l11e past-worshippers, the mediocre, the feeble-souled, the tinyThis is eloquent proof that the causes that make fo'r inminded, the scholars who feed on dead men's bones,ebriety persist, unalleviated, even after the adoption of proAII these are confused and recede.
hibition.
What the world needs is a sane economic and social arThey will have none of you nor · your fearless brood.
They shut themselves in closed houses, fearing the wind;
rangement of society. The soul-deadening poverty, financial
The sunlight might fade their carpets; so they die.
worry and nerve-wracking economic uncertainty that characterize our present social sysiem are almost entirely ' responsOh' why did yoo ask to be justified?
ible for the liquor evils. When these evils have been abolishTo the understanding you are already justified;
ed by an era of co-operation, laws, passed for the purpose
And to the resi you can never be.
of abolishing social maladjustments, Will be universally conDoes the earth need to be justified? or the sun?
sidered utopian and unnecessary.
•
°
Wise men once said the ea;·th was Oat.
1l1e earth in ·its greatness was silent.
And if I, gazing at the sun,
Contend it gives no light-
.L
.....ty prou my~ll • £.ol.
:r.. :(. :(.
""I believe the Co-operative movement, by purifyil)g .and elevating commerce. will make it a nobler and worthit:r instrument for promoting the
friendship of the world."-Sir Wilfrid Lawson .
�/
The
Internationalist
Page twenty-nine
The Future of ·the: Socialist ·P arty
By Ra.lpla Korarolcl
T
HE editor has asked me to write my opinion about the
future of the Socialist party. It is a bold undertaking
.in these bewildering days to write about the future
of any existing thing. · It seems as if destiny of late had
taken a special pleasure in putting prophets to shame.
I have an acquaintance who is noted for diplomacy.
When asked a question he generally replies, "Yess and no,"
and then proceeds to argue both possibilities. This is an
excellent rule for a prophet to follow; and I shall confine
my prophecies to what may happen if certain eventualities
transpire, and to what may happen if they do not transpire.
This will give me at least two chances of being proven not
altogether wrong.
There has been a remarkable increase in the socialist vote
since our participation in the war. The National office of the
party gives out the following figures:
New York City: 1913, 32,000; 1917, 150,000.
Chicago: 1916, 16,000; 1917,85,000.
Cleveland: 1915, 6,000; 1917, 27,000.
Dayton: 1916, 4,800; 1917, 12,000.
Toledo: 1915, 2,800; 1917, 14,903.
Rochester : 1916, I ,450; 1917, 8,200.
There has not been a corresponding increase in party membership. The National office announces that the membership
has passed the I 00,000 mark. This is an increase of about
twenty to twenty-five percent since our entrance into the war;
it is about 25,000 less than the highest level reached by the
party.
Still one has to consider that many timid people are fearful to join the party at this time. They see visions of courtsmartials and lynching-bees if found in possession of a red
card. This may explain the comparatively slight increase in
membership. It no doubt does explain it to a considerable
extent.
The election returns, superficially viewed, are very encouraging. I must confess that I do not view them with
undiluted satisfaction. A part of the increase in our vote
is due to the pacifists who vote the socialist ticket because
their views on the war correspond with those of the socialists, and because they find in the Socialist party a rallying
point and a means of protest. This increase in our vote is
legitimate. There is a point of contact between the pacifist
and the socialist. The pacifist's opposition to war is genuine.
From mere sentimental opposition to war it is but a step to
an understanding of the causes of war, and a conversion to
socialism.
But what part of the increase in our vote is due to the
support 6f genuine pacifism? How much of the pacifism m
the United States is genuine?
The situation in this country is extremely complicated.
Just before our entrance into the war I attended an immense
pacifist meeting in the Coliseum in Chicago. At that meetmg mention of Germany's submarine warfare was vigorously
applauded by a not inconsiderable part of the audience!
~•.._
No one can fail to observe that many of the so-called
pacifists are German patriots and militarists whose opposition
to war is limited to opposition of-- war against Germany.
They would have applauded war with England most heartily.
There is no question that thousands of these pro-German
militarists and patriots hate been voting the Socialist ticket.
These people are 'entirely out of sympathy with the socialist
a
movement. The reasons that lead them to vote the sociaiist
ticket are the very opposite ~f the reason~ that anim~te the'
lhortsincere socialist or pacifist. Aacl it ia a . policy
of
lichted opporbmiaat not to repudiate moat empQtically this
aid which ia a reproach ·to ,as. No lasting benefit ·can come
to the Socialist party as a result of this silent acceptance of
tbis militaristic aid. These reactionaries will desert us as
soon as the war is over. They . may desert u's sooner if the
militarists to whom ,they are in temporary OppOsition succeed
in frightening them sufficiently.
0
0
0
Certain causes will operate to decrease our vote ilfter, and
even before the war.
The German militarists and patriots whose aid we have
tacitly accepted will desert us. Let us speed their going.
There will grow up a deep resentment. against the "Socialist
party among many people. A workingman may not have
been enthusia-stic about the war; he even may have beeri opposd to it; but having lost a son in the war he will put
away all doubt about the justice of the war. To believe
that his son had died in anything except a worthy cause
would seem to him like a slur on his son's memory. He will
feel a resentment amounting to hatred against a party that
decries the justice of the war. It is a difficulty the socialists
may have to contend with for many years after peace Will
have been declared. The greater the number of casualities
to American soldiers the more ears of relatives and friends
we may expect to find closed to us.
.
And yet this complicated situation presents another possibility.
If the war lasts a long time, with constantly increasing
sacrifices on the part of the American people, and the hope
of victory wanes, then the resentment of the peopl~ will
turn against those responsible for the useless sacrifice. It
will then be natural for the masses to turn to the . socialists
as the men whose counsel should have been heeded..
But even in the event of a complete victory by the allies,
the Socialist party will have to be reckoned with.
Every great war has been followed by a period of industrial depression. This war can best be compared with the
Napoleonic wars. Following the Napoleonic wars . ,rearly
every country in Europe was swept by revolution.. Terrible
unemployment in England gave birth to the Cha~tist movement. Germany, France, Spain, all had. to make concessions
to liberalism. The first International was a chill'·ilf that
period.
· ..
One would have to be blind indeed not to see that ~'me
thing very similar, though far more wide-spread and pr.ofound will follow in the wake of this war. Already labor .in
England and in F ranee-though supporting the governments
as a man out on the ocean in an open boat supports his com-.
panion in misery though that companion may be chiefly
responsible for his plight-is speaking with a voice of defiance, and is hungering for the day of reckoning.
When the war industries- no longer receive orders for war
supplies; when millions of men returning home find that .their
patriotic employers, grown rich by the war, have no work for
them; when wages and prices go tumbling; when breadlin
of hitherto unknown length appear in the cities-then
people will awake from their intoxication. Fine
will then no longer suffice. You may get men to
(Continued on Paae 35)
•
-...
�,. ...
•:. ... ;
Page thirty
Th e
I n I e r n a I i o n a•l i s t
Marriage and · Free Love
By
Mari~Sn
Miller
·_-
·EMMA ~OLDMAN sa~s .that l~ve does not nece~sarily hav.e and 'I distinguish this from "free intercourse."
anythmg· to do w1th marnage. But I thmk th~t It
That is where Emma Goldman makes her big mistake.' · A
often may, and that ma.rriage has a great · ·deal to do man and a woman .may have ·the greatest passionate attach- .
with love. Let .us not call 'marriage a complete failure be- ment, . without having any "love,. for each other. That i~
cause it often fails. . One doesn't want to be called' a com- why our marriages are so· often failures. People mistake
plete fool because he does a f~w foolish things. One doesn't _phy$ical ~!traction for love. It would be utter ·folly fo~ the
refuse all food because he ·can't eat cabbage. · The fault . couple whose only bond is passion, to marry. But ·for those
is not, I say, in marriage, but in the u~es the world has · w?ose attr~ction .is both love and passion, if they are als~
w1se, marnage Will be a blessing.
made of it.
.As to men and women's marrying without proper acThe only way out is education-education that will' teach
quaintance with one another, knowledge of life'" and sex- us to distinguish between love and passion-education that
that is a different matter. .But let us not condemn marriage will train the young in the sense of value·s between the two.
for women· because hitherto it has made her the slave and · Of course, doub~less some experience is necessary in this,
parasite of her husband. There are better possibilities in but not necessanly sex experience. '·'Spooning" · should be
this institution, and it is for each couple to draw up its own s~fficient-or even a broad, theoretical 'training along that I
agreements on the case. If they wish to · stick to the spirit . !me.
And when we get this, ·I doubt if men and women will
of the wedding ceremony, and the word, all right. But they
care for what is commonly understood as "free l~v,e." They
·can also refuse to do so.
T~ be sure, a gi~l should be instructed in sex life and her may still care for "free passion," but I hold that the two are
duties as a wife. That she isn't is not the fault of the mar- distinct.
raige institution.
Also, if a woman wishes to "learn the mystery of sex without the sanction of marriage" that is a matter of her own.
A book which it is no exaggeration to say 'that everybody
But I believe that this is wise, or, at least, desirable, for only
a few women- women who indeed are "big enough" to un- should read and whose hints they should practice, is "Nature ,
derstand fully themselves and their circumstances, and the Cure" or "Philosophy and Practice Based on the Unity of
consequences of their action. Nor do I agree that a woman's Disease and Cure," by H. Lindlahr, M. D., a copy of which
passion is her most intense· craving in general; that lack of has recently been received by' THE INTERNATIONALIST.
satiating this will undermine her health, stunt her vision, or That the work has met with great favor is evidenced by the
break l:er spirit, as Emma Goldman says. Nor can I see fact that it is now in its eighth edition.
In a word, the .book advocates natural living both as a
that the glory of sex experience does the woman any perm·
anent good. Perhaps it is pleasing-but does it make her prophylactic and a cure of . disease. Answering the qu~ry,
life any broader or greater? Within limits, I mean. To be ''What are the natural methods of living apd of treatmenn"
sure, she has the experience, and in that, may be superior it says:
"I. Return to nature by the regulation of eating, drinkto the virgin. But you get my argument. She may be
broader minded after all this- but not unless she was nar· ing, breathing, bathing, dressing, working, resting, thinking,
the moral life, sexual and social activities, etc., on a normal
row-minded before . .
.·
·
·
The sex passion, per se, was never created as a help, by and natural basis.
· "2. Elementary remedies, such a~ water, air, light, earth
Nature, it is only 'its result that benefits the race.
.
To be sure, love .is free, in that it can not be bought. But .,.-A"ures, magnetism, electricity., etc.
"3. Chemical remed;es, such as scientific food selection
once given, it will· sacrifice. And ti will endure marriage for
the sake of home and children. In speaking of the love for and combination, homeopathic medicines, simple herb exchildren bom out of wedlock having better care than others, tracts and the vito-chemical remedies. · .
"4. Mechanical remedies, such as corrective gymnastics,
of which Emma Goldman speaks, I ·wish to say that I do
not belic·~e that a woman, shunned by the world beca.use she massage. magnetic treatment, osteopathic manipulation and
has an illegitimate child, will lavish all her love on it that when indicated, surgery.
"5 . Mental and spiritual remedies, such as scientific reshe, is denied the privilege of showing to othe~s; and the
extra pity for it she has because the world does revile it, will tion, normal suggestion, constructive thought, the prayer of
•
give more intensity to her love. But that is caused by the faith, etc."
Such a platform on which to base a system of the'rapeutics
treatment of others, not herself. I think, too, that Miss
Goldman confuses the issue. A woman may love a man naturally appeals favorably to liberal, forward-looking people.
enough to allow sex experience and even long for it, and yet An increasing number are coming to rely on natural methods,
supplemented by generous doses of optimistic thinking and
not desire a child.
And it is, too, for th~ sake of the child and the home, will power, and to these "Nature Cure" by Dr." Lindlahr will
that I condone marriage. A legal ceremony that will give be an especially helpful volume, translating, as it does, an
__.,.
the law a right to care for children, dispose of them if neg- abstract principle into concrete rules, facts and advice.
"Nature Cure" should be in every home. It is a wor,k
lected, is necessary. I think divorces should be made ·easier.
A woman need not consider herself a parasite on a man · which THE INTERNATIONALIST can unequivocally reco~
helps· make his home, and bears his children. Indeed, mend. If it~- teachings were followei by human being habiggest share. As long as economic conditions bitually, disease and the general run of human weaknesses
.
are, ~'free love," used in its common sense, is would be pretty scarce articles.
It is published by the Nature Cure Publishing Co., 525 S.
And even if mothers were supported by the
would in small degree care for . "free love"- Ashland Boulevard, Chicago, and costs $2. I 5.-E. D.
{ .
Nature Cures
the
-
l
�T he
In I e r n a I i o n a I i s I
. Page thirty-one
What 'Thinkers Think
Gems
0
f
Commen
From
-A world league, including Germany as a principal partner, will be
defensive league standing steadfast against the threat of• a world
imperialism, and watching and restra;ning with one common will the
homocidal maniac in its midst.-H. G. Wells, "The New Republic.'
a
-The extraordinary insults and aggressions of the Imperial German
government left us no self-respecting choice but to take up arms in
defense of our rights as a free peaple and of our honor as a · sovereign
government. -Woodrow Wilson, ''Scientific American.'' \
- To deny a man the righ to his conscience is the highest form of
treason to the American States.- Oswald Garrison Villar_d, ''New York
Evening Post.''
-France and Great Britain arc disappointed a t the slowness with
which the United States is bringing its war preparations to fruition. ''The Independent."
-An efficient kitchen should satisfy the eye as a picture in which
every principle of practical art is made use of and every principle of
efficiency tha t a factory manager might install is yet especially adapted
to the varied operations of work in the home.- Mildred Maddocks, "hidependen1."
- It would be a piece of slave-raiding to take Alsace-Lorraine and
give it to F ranee without inquiriug into the wishes of the people living
in Alsace-Lorrainc by a local test vote. -Steven T. Byington, "The
Public.''
- My experience in political reform wo rk has taught me tha t business
men, as a whole, arc the most uninformed on affairs connected with
the political and economic functions of their government. Leaders of
organized labor as a rule arc statesmen compared with them.:-Thco.
T. Thieme, "The Public."
- The coldness of a dog's nose · is due to the fact that it must be
kept moist all the time in order to sharpen his sense of smell.- Berwick "Advertiser."
--The treachery of the Allies in forsaking the Russian people itself
warrants the Boylsheviki in making a separate peace.-Emma Goldman,
"Mother Earth Bulletin.''
- In short, all truth is inherently un-Christian, for Christianity- its
theo ry- is a delusion. It is absolutely opposed to free scientific research, and as such should be kicked out of doors and forgotten.Theodore Dreiser, "Call Magazine.''
Currel)t
Periodicals
-We revolutionary inJernatipnalists are more dangerous enemies of
German reaction than all the governments of the Alli~s taken together.Leon T rotzky, " The Class Struggle."
- l)lat Gompers should betray labor into the clutches of American
plutocracy is not surprising. He has always been a constant political
lackey for Democra tic · politicians.- Adolph Germer, "The Class Struggle.''
• - Teach military discipline under compulsion to English schools, and in
two genera tions you will have p roducc;d in England all that we have
most detested and ridiculed in the German life a nd · cha racter.- ''Th
London Nation.''
i
- It is the easiest thing in the world to condemn a man to deai,,
while stuffing him with the fattest calories · to be found in the grocery
store.-Aifred \V. McCarm, "Physical Culture.''
- South Carolina is the only Sta t'C in the Union ·that altogethe, - for - 1
bids divorce. :-Gordon Reeves, "Physical Culture."
·- Russia could not logically want to campaign with guns and rifles
against Europe in <he name of anti-monarchism · and anti-capitalism. because by such action she would deny her revolution's origin and its
fundamental pr<nciples.- Harold Lenine, "Labor Scrap Book."
- In the United States the money of account is increasing twenty
times as fast as the volume of the basic gold.- Hcrman Cahn, "Labor
Scrap Book."
·
- Recently it was made clear, through the publishing of stale papers,
tha t world financiers met a t Berne last September to bring about peace.
The reason they did so was their fear of the growth of the radical
movement if the war wen t on.- Roger Babson, "Wall Street Report."
- God is now leading the a rmies of the Allies.--Billy Sunday, "The
Independent."
-Under the guise of "making the world safe for democracy" and protecting the rights of smaller nations, Russia is about to be made the
victim of the imperialists of the world.- lrvin E. Klein, "Call Magazine."
- A Russel Sage foundation investigation revealed the fac t that in
78 cities examined. one half o f the children leave s~hool before they
are 14, a nd half leave before completing the sixth gradc. -Dr. J ohn
J. Kallen, "Call Magazine.''
,-Poverty and its attendant evils arc due to inherent mental and
physical defects. while in fan t mortality is fundamentally a problem of
-N~etzsche himself musf bear much .,f the blame for the current< eugenics.- A. Ploetz, " j ournal of H eredity:"
misunderstanding of him. His aphoristic style makes for exaggerated
- There were about 1.500.000 Arm~an s in the Turkish Empire m
emphasis.- "The New Republic."
1914. while a t the present time there are perhaps 700,000 , the re- In the Erie Canal there are 150,000 horsepower unused; in the
mainin(! 800.000 having been ex le rrnina ted.- Burlon J. Hendrick. in
Niagara river, there arc probably a million unused.- F rank lin K. Lane,
"World's Work."
"Review of Reviews."
- Today Pershing h as an army in F ranee a t least twice a t grenl as
that army which Grant commanded when he set out for Richmond m
the spring of 1864. -Frank H. Simonds. ''Review of Reviews."
- In women the s ti rrings of lhc inferior ne rvo us centers arc no t so
f1rmly controlled by the supreme cent<"rs as in man. Hence. they are
at once more suggestible and emotional. - Prof. E. A. Ross, "Critic and
Guide.''
--..A~tient ought not tv read in the prone position-- no one should;
-If I had the power I would write three new articles into our
national creed: (I) Universal milita ry training; (2) the United Sta tes
the first air power in the world; (3) a two-ocean battle-cruiser fleet.E_minent Naval Authority in "Review of Reviews."
clining angle develops new and
and Guide."
- The National Nonpartisan League, or some other organization embodying the ideas that a re its basis, will control the United States.John Thompson, "Review of Reviews."
- Mr. Garabed T. K. Giragossian claims to have discovered a way to
utilize, without burning of fuel or other expenditure of labor or material,
wha t he calls "free encrgy."- " Scientific American."
-The Kaiser is what he is because the preachers are what they are;
and the preachers are what they are because the professors of iheology
and philosol:'hy and biblical exegesis sold themselves to the Kaiser.Dr. Joseph Odell, ''Current 'Opinion.''
- -Go•·ernment b,nds arc. rc :koned so stable lha! they have ahva)"S
been desired as vehicles for safely handing on to his children a man's
acumulations. -Edmond . C. Converse. 'The Independent."
- Christ's words: "They 'that take by the sword shall perish . by
the sword," so often quoted by the pacifists are not a defense of pacifism but a plain justification of the taki!lg of the sword against those
who would use it in wars of aggression.- Abraham Mitrie Rihbany,
"Current Opinion."
-The universal applica(on of the Sinn Fein motto would mean the
death of Ireland ,for only the ·spirit of international altruism could prevent
so small a nation from going under· in the struggle for existence.- "The
.lndependenl.''
~ -·
r'
\, ,
..........-.
the retina is accustomed to
receiving . horizontal light rays, and a re-
painful angles.- L. E. Burbank., "Critic
- We are headed toward a food sca rcity within· a year compared !o
which the fuel scarcity of this winter can be called only a childish
trifle.- Agnes C. Lau t, "The New Republic."
~Germa ny's victories will never fo rce the Enten te lo accept a peace
of violence. If the Germans could take Calais and Paris, and even force
F ranee and Italy to capitula te, then the re would remain the English
safe in their island. and America. protected by the ocean . - Vienna "Ar·
beiter Zeitung.''
·
- Drunkenness doe~ not cause insanity, but both ;.ore
generacy.- Dr. Ch~rlc~ W. Burr, "Literary Digest."
�Page thirty-two
The
Internationalist
[~con~u:::._c
By David Bobspa
STOP DODDERING.!
"Get well ; slop doddering."'
Very ~ood advice to all classes of people. All things -are possible
lo a healthy man. To the man weakened by poor health the simple
acts of ex isknc" arP. a burden; the warfare for liberation can be carried
on inerf~ei cn lly al the best.
Comes Cnmradc J ames R. Nickum with an open sesame lo heahh---<>f
a magic wand that will advance the cause of radicalism by making
its adherents an hundred fold more capable of carrying on the fight.
I know thNe are hundreds upon hundreds of health books; I have
read many of them and have shelves full in my library. Some are
good-- many excellent. But Comrade Nickum has achieved what no
health wri ter in America has heretofore accomplished. He has put in
short space, a l a price within ' ttle · re;,ch of all, a manual covering the·
entire field of gelling well and keeping well.
More than this- he re is a manual not only dealing with all phases of
the most important question of lifo. but presenting the facts in a readily
useable fashinn. Fletcher wrote three books on proper mastication but
only a few paragraphs a l best on exercise ; Sanford Bennell gives two
most helpful volumes on exercise hut merely mentions other health factors; Dr. Tyrell has mentioned o ther clements of health-seeking in his
splendid treatise on hydrotherapy. but made the water cure too prommen! a feature; MacFadden's encyclopedia covers the field prelly well.
but it is so voluminous and profuse tha t few besides experts can readily
usc it to fullest ad va ntage.
The task of J ames R. Nickum was lo lest all phases- Fletcherism,
exercise, hydrolhcraphy. diet, mental control, elc. -pul . them into proctice, and from his study and experience compile the only book in the
English language that covers all of the field and that is readily availoble for usc by all people.
J ames R. Nickum was weak physically from infancy- got a wrong
slarl and couldn't catch up. At sixty he was partially paralyzed, given
up as incurable by the physicians, and suffering greatly in all paris Qf
his body. But this good socialist warrior wasn't ready lo die. He
has some good books on So~ialism lo gel out of his system. He set
to work to ~el well.
Stop doddering!
Tha t was his first step. In three years he was a well man. As he
sat in my study he pin~hed me with the hand that had been helpless with
pararysis, and the grip w"s that of an athlete. The wrinkles have gone.
The feel that had scarcely been able to shuiRe about are today light and
springy · with the buoyanry o f youth. Because the comrade quit doddering.
No miracle. Nothing impossible lo a l least ninety-nine percent of the
human race i( we are willing lo spend h alf an hour or so daily in proper
el<ercise, cal rationally and carry on a few simple rules. All of these
rules arc clearly sci forth in Mr. Nickum's treatise. including full systems
of cl<erciscs that will strengthen every muscle of the body. Everything is wrill en in simple, non-technical style tha t any school boy can
interpret and practice.
And listen. comrades. Th,. poorest man in America can be healthy
and with, say one-fourth of the workin~ class inc reased 100 percent in
health, strength and thin kin~ ability, what strides would be possible I
Health is fundamental. Whether you are a materialist or mystic, whether
you favor political or direct action, whether you are old or young, your
vaiuc lo the working class is primarily measured by your brain power
and physical condition.
For this reason, I consider James R. Nickum's book "Stop Doddering,"
the most important single message I have helped lo bring lo the attention
of the working class of this country. I have the ezperience to con•ider
myself an expert in dealing with this class of literature, and know what
I r.m saying when I declare " Stop Doddering" the greatest . and best
health book. the most practical and. therefore, the most valuable. book
on health ever written in America. It is pleasant to read, for the kindly
spirit and gentle satire of Colll!'ade Nickum lift the treatise . into the
realm of literature. Further, the author goes to the root of the question
of
He .bows plainly that Socialism will solve the problem
of the medical trust. as of other economic problems of ihe
Do . not misunderstand-} do not infer that the fullness ot
he attained under capitalism-but the health can so he inthat ~ pnJSre$$ towards liberation will be accelerated
-
~
~
~
at ·an unbelievable rate. Under Socialism, no amount of proper .conditions will fllake you healthy unless you live in harmony with natureand you will have no trouble in this if you will read and practice what ·
Comrade Nickum so clearly sets forth. lsn 't it worth while, comrades?
The book is being put out without profit, for the practical application
of the Golden Rule. The life snatched from the gr~ve is being ~e .·oted
lo furthering the cause of Humanism. (News Publishing Co., 118 E•st
Markel Street, Los Angeles. $1).
:(.
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:;.
LITERATURE AT DEMOCRATIC PRICES
All hail and long life lo the Stratford 25c Uni~ersal library!
In the days characterized by unprecedented (and ·wholly unnecessary)
high prices it is a welcome relief lo find a lowering of the price"' of good
books so great as lo be almost revolutionary. In nearly· every country
of the world except America the best literature can be fo·und everywhere al nominal prices-and the people read it. In this country practically all of the best of the world classics have been locked up in e~ •
rensive volumes that kepi the proletariat from enioriug the masters as.
lhcv .;!1nulll.
But Henry E. Schnillkind . ion't a profiteer. He has carried idealism
into business- and has thus far made good. He established "The
51ratford ) t·urnal,' . without ., ptu ;n this country in its fdd .,f international literature of first water, and it is firmly established in its sec·
ond year. Some of the best of recent books hav.l' .borne the Stratford
imprint- and not Orie mediocre volume can be found ··in the lists of this
house.
"Nine Humorous Tales" by Anton Chekhov is the first of the new
Stratford 25c Universal Library. Russian literature with a laugh I Why,
we almost thought there wasn't a laugh in all the land of the Bolsheviki.
It is true we caught glimpses of it in Saltykov's "A Family of Noble·
men" and in Fedor Sologub's short sketches. Dr. Schnittkind and Isaac
Goldber:; h ave pres en ted lo the English reading public some of the
lighter side of Chekhov's versatile workmanship.· Says the editor 1n
the introduction:
"'A Work of Art' and 'Vengea nce' most closely resemble the type of
story gnerally associated in the public mind with the name of 0. Henry.
The sad undercurrent of 'Her Gentleman Friend' is likewise not altogether
foreign lo our native writer. "w'ho . \Vas She?' perhaps, is the most
Maupassant -like story in the collection. while 'Such Is Fame' strikes a
note that is peculiar lo the Russian himself.
In stories like 'The
Scandal Monger." 'Carelessness,' and 'Overspiced,' Chekho ' s humor seems
If
lo display a gentle humanity beneath the surface of action..
Ch~khov is more humanely self-revealing than de Maupassanl. he is on
the whole more deep than 0. Henry. If 0.· Henry may be called the
i\merican Chekhov with a ' punch,' Chckhov may be equally termed
the- Russian 0. Henry with a caress."
A unique lealme of this Universal Library- prellily bnund in board
- is that the majo rity of the books in the collection are not reprints,
hut f~rs l editions. published for the first lime in this country. · Among
the titles alrcacly announced a re "Russian Tales o f the Present Wa r";
"Stories of the Steppe" by Gorky; "Short Stories" by T olstoi ; a volume of stories by Artz\bashef ; the best French Stories by Guy de
Maupassanl. Dumas, etc.; "Th~ Best Short Stories of The World," by
Boccaccio, Balzac, elc. ; "Lazarus," by Andreyev.
And, say, comrades, the Stratford Company is open to suggestions as
to books you think ought lo be. placed in this popular Universal Library that is coming to your door al the price of a popular magazine.
(The Stratford Company. Boston. 25c per volume.)
:(.
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LINCOLN PHIFER'S EXPANSION
Lincoln Phifer's paper-magazine, "The New World" is to leave Gira rd
for inore fa,•orablc quarters, but will still re.;,..in in Kansas. It is not_
definitely settled where the new headquarters wil~ he, but Comrade
Phifer has plans pretty well under way. rn not make any announcements of furth~r radical changes in his arrangements until he geb ready
to do so himself--but you want to
your eye turned towards PhifeT.
He has a big message. Hi~ plutocracy series ratheT i;!.Ot under the hide
of the plutes. Phifer's new bool, "Qid Religions M e New," w)JI soon
he off the press.
I
!.eef
F ·
e
�Tb~
lnteriufiona!ist
'·Co-operation .the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-operatives Gleaned fro\n
THE CO-OPERATIVf. MOVEMENT IN GERMANY
Many Sources
COMMUNITY CO-OPERATION
It . is quite evideit! to students of social problems that our lo a\ c:o.n>munities are not going lb become completely democralic until the
m.,.;u,.,rs of the community have learned how · to co-operate and have let •
- their knowledge forn1 a habit. But to the co-operator it is dear that
this amount of . co-operation is not going to be brought about until the
members of the community have learned to work together in their own
and their mutual interest. with the comfortable assurance that not one
of them is making profit out of any of the others. Until the com·
munity has this comfortable assurance, it is certain to divide itself up
into groups of suspicious people, who would ' let their prejudice rise
above their reason and make impossible a democratic handlinsr; of local
RETAlLERS ALARMED AT GROWfH OF
problems of interest to the whole community.
CO-OPERATIVE IDEA .
The system of
volunta{y economic co-operation, illustrated by the
co-operative store society, is well calculated to increase the spirit af
A g rocer's paper of San Fr;uicisco recently published an · article exco-operation in the community. It must not be forgolle·n , however, that
pressing g reat alarm at the growth of co-operation. The article is
the co-operative store is but a beginning in community co-operation.
fmancial assistance. There has already been pledged in subscriptiops
a lthough it is fundamental. It would be highly -valuable in itself even
over one rr.,)\:rm dollaro f.,r the e•la! -i.shnenl c·f <O·opera tive stores,
though it did not lead to other related forms of co-operation since it
and Ior propaganda educational achvlhes.
Thirty stores have been
has the power to regulate prices throughout the whol'e community. and,
o rpnized which arc 10 carry all classes of merchandise to be suprl:cd
in a large measure, to raise the quality of merchandise sold not · only in
to members at prices which will eliminate middle profits.
the co-operative stores but in all other stores. But the co-operative
"The aim of the promoters is to place stores in every county in
store must grow and become more and more a department store, supNorth Dakota, and then to branch out beyond the stale and cover as
plying most of the needs of its members; and as it becomes the . ec·
wide a territory as possible. As many stores as are necessary to supply
onomic center it will also evolve ·into the social center · for its memben,
the patrons will be established
in each community,
with all their re·
who are ever becoming a larger proportion of the community. Coquirements."
operative entertainments~includin~: lectures, plays, moving pictures,
The article continues:
library, games, and competitions, .picnics and. outings, serve to bring
"'lhe scheme of organization provides that no . store shall be fcnfnded
the members nearer together and make, their lives haooier anll ' moro
with a lesser membership than 200. The average is actually 300.
worth while.
Tl. agreement signed by those who acep t membership sets fo rth
Every co-operative economic enterprise can give still other benefits
very
.arly how the company proposes to operate. On the basis of
to its members. Co-operative insurance is thoroughly p racticable; a co·
that ag ree1ncnt, a pu rchase .: of a membership certificate pays $100 to
operativ~ bank and loaning institution will be found highly beneficial in
the company. The first $10.000 so subscribed goes to the establishmany wjlys ; and co-opera tive housing will be a natural exten•ion of
ment of a store. T he balance Jllay l..o '" : :1 by the said company. either
the service of the store. Perhaps even before these things come about
to establish and •.•aintain a central buying agency, or wholesale estaba co-operative flour mill and bakery will have. proved n' big saving.
lishment, o r to carry o n educational wo• k or propaganda along all
. or course. many co-operative extensions 'will have to wait on the
lines deemed by the board of directors of the Consumers' United ?tores ·organization by co-operative stores of their big central whole•ale. •ince
Corporation to be in the interest of or beneficial to farmers, and for the
it is proLable that the wholesale will prove the most satisfactory means
a;..sistancc uf farmers' organizations, such as relate to the economic , eJuhere, as it has abroad, of carrying on co-operative insurance, banking
c.1tional or political interests of the farmers, o r both.
and manufacture.
·
"Through the organization of this strin~ nf stores the Nonpartisan
But there is no reason why any community convinced of the value
League leaders are hopeful of dominating the retail business of the states
of economic co-operation should not extend the 6eld of ita working
in which they operate. Following the s tores comes the organizing of
to;:cthe r a lmost unlimitedly; and where this community is so fortunate
lmnh.
A beginning already is evidenced by the success of the Lea~u~
a 5 to possesS a nc\\;Spaper' which .will· aid them in this WOrk, the pol•
in obtaining conlr~l of one bank in Fa<go and another in Grand Forb.
sibililies of .developin ~ a useful. intelligent and happy citi1.enship are
The a rticle gives f11rther details of the plan of organizatio n and s tates
sufficient t~ enthuse ev~ry lover of ~ocir.~ progress.
that within the :rear officers of the ConsUJne rs' League expec t to have
- SCOTI H . PERKY, Secretary Co-operative League of America.
75 stores · in operation. Space is a lso given in the paper to a brief
outline o f the trcm~ndous · strength .of co-operative institu tions m F.uro ·
OKLAHOMA CO-OPERATION
pean countries and s tates tha t the war, so far from we>kening them,
In Oklahoma there arc at the present time ·over' one hundred thriving ·
hns actually added to their strength• and growth.
co-operative o rr,aniza tions and tha t many new associations arc eith.er
In summing up it!> co nception of co-operation as a j)rr-sent menace
in process o f fo rmation or arc just opening business. Co-operative
to priva te retail business, the Advocate stales that "a number of leading
stores are Lcing organized a t El Reno and 'Oklahoma City. At Chickbusiness men have already sugges ted tha t the retailers shouid a'lso comasha and Shawnee co-operatives are running particularly succ~ufully end
bine and operate their own buyin~ and selling agencies, in this manner
and doing much to lower the cost of living. The O.ickashe tfore is
achieving the position of being able to successfully co:npete w1th the
paying four' pe rcent a month on purchaAes.
co-operative slores.n
l11is a rticle is truly a fine, f rce s tatement of how the rcteilers act ually
fear co-operation when once it is firmly and efficiently cstablish_cd. The
retailers know f ull well tha t at this time when the people are being
t:lllght to eliminal<: waste and unnecessary expense in the haJJdling of
goods , from factory to con~umer th.- p~ivat~ retailer. is doomed to ulti malt" e>.tinction. Co-operah e d1stnbuho n 1s n ght m the spmt of the
times and now i the right moment for its active promot_ion. The
louder the cry of the retail g~ocer's publication, the surer we may be
tha t we a re on the right way.
- R. P. BRUBAKER. in "Pacific Co·-operator."
The imminence of the social . and political revolution in Germany is
evident to the discerning in the great growth end present power of the
German Co-oper'a tive movement with its progr'!JD of industrial democracy.
A recently received : report by the Co-operative League of America. 2
West 13th st .• New York Gty, from the. Co-operative Distributive, Build.
ing and Savings Society, ' 'Produktion" of Hamburg, Germany, sbows
tha t it has 7,000 members, a share capital of over $442.500, an ~n
crease o ver last year of $37.500. The retail turnover totals about
$3,011 .600, an increase of $1,229.500.
I
)
SEXUAL
KNOWLEDGE
THE CO-OPERATIVE MO EMENT IN JAPAN
In J~ there a re S,()(X) co-operative s'acieties, 2.()(X) of which are .
cre(ljt unions. These :so.::-ieties have a membership of over half a rrullion. This rqll'esents a \l ily ~!table movement toward Jar_an~e
u:ooomic: ernanc~bon, ina uch as m I~ there were hut 17 soc1ehes.
.
.
\'
_Jl
�P
~
e thirty-four
, A Pagan Anthology
). L.1notype
Man
Wanted·
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THE
I NTERNA TIONALIST
LE£SVILLE. LA.
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A Pagan
_Anthology
A
BOOK
OF
The
POEMS
By the Following Authors :
"A Pagan Anthology," composed
of poems by contributors to "The Pagan M~zine," is a volume for the
connoisseur in verse libre.
·
The passionate breath of the amorosa, the hilarity of the bacchanalIan, bitter bursts - from long-enslaved
plebians, and mysticafVisions of
weird Oriental scenes, commingle instrange melodies Of ,poetry.
Gruesome, indeed, are the word-pictures of war scenes. One can fancy
he actually sees "Burgundy's soil, saturated with bubbling gore, and craving more"! "To Whom" by Max Endicott, associate editor of "The Pagan," is a masterpiece that should
burn into the very soul of the. craven
militarists. The "hurrian owl" who occasioned "Study in Reversion" by Joseph Kling, managing editor of "The
Pagan," should shrink from sight in
shame after so scorching an expose of
his own character, so repulsive a description of his "hoots and grunts and
, creeches for slaughter and bloodshed."
The a uthors put no ban on red
blood, warm flesh and human desires.
Rather, they deify love and classtty
sex longi ngs in the category of things
na tural and permissible. To the jaundiced eye of Anthony Comstock many
parts of the "Ant~logy·· would appea r fertile literary soil from which
libidinous a nd wicke weeds are sure
to appear. But to the latitudina rian
who sees beauty iri the human form
as well as in bright birds and golden
flowers, these poe~ will seem but the
ve rities .of life a~ love · translated into
··
vivid vermilion verse.
The Paga n Publishing Co., 7 E. 15th
Street, New York City; $1. - E. D·
Egmont Hegel Ar£ns. M. Alex ander. Maxwell Bodcnheim, Pauline Calm. Hart
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Jaeger, Lesl ie Nelson J ennings, Alice Louise
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Helene Thurston, Winifred Waldron, Zelia
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(Continued from Page 6)
· of their liver, their teeth and eyes.
The ·sub-normal .boys and girls ·are
quite a different matter. They should .
first of all be prevented from breeding, and they should be prevented
being born in .the · future. They a ·re
born .when parenthood is a .crime,
~,•hen on or both of the parents arc
unfit for that sacred function.
It is stati~tically proven that every
time the population doubles, the
feeble-minded quadruples. It stands
to reason that at this state of our
i~dustrial evolution the workers cannot follow the . "natural" law in
breeding the good old sized family of
from five to ten children. They have
not the vitality. It is nothing less than
barbaric and inhuman to keep the
working women in ignorance on this
subject. There is a great deal of talk
about the injustice of the conscription
of men for war, but for thousands of
years the women have been conscripted for motherhood, where they suffer
a thousand times more than any army
on the battlefield ever suffered. Yet,
most of our radical anti-conscriptionisis are thorou ghly in accord with the
most conservative element when it
comes to conscripting our working
women for motherhood.
-CAROLINE NELSON.
Socialist Party Future
(Continued hom Page 29) .
fully when their stomachs a re full;
you cannot get them to live cheerfully
when their stomachs arc e:npty. The
men who went abroad to light for
democracy will demand a practical demonstration of democracy at home.
The only kind of democracy that proposes to fill hungry stomachs in peace
time with a nything else except charity
soup is industrial democracy.
Whatever its fa ults the Socialist
party is the only upholder of that kind
of democracy· in the United States.
Clas s ified
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Price $2000, cash.with two railroads.
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She will be glad to hear from you.
LITERATURE ON
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Page thirtY-six
.What They Think ~f
Under ,the Cloak
af Patriotism
sinister interests are taking advantage of the war to crush the movements for larger liberty among the
·workers and the people.
The menace of these attacks to
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generally recognized, because the
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The National Civil Liberties Bureau is publishing the facts in a
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·
CIVIL LIBERTIES
THE ISSUES
WHY FREEDOM MATTERS, By Norman
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LIBERTY IN WARTIME (The Situation in
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experience)" by Alice Edgerton.
WHO ARE THE TRAITORS?
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS IN WARTIME (Legal)
FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND OF THE
PRESS (extracts from the writings of
Statesmen and Scholars) .
CASES
THE OUTRAGE ON REV. HERBERT S.
BIGELOW, of Cincinnati (October 28,
1917) .
THE "KNIGHTS OF LIBERTY" MOB, aad
THE I. W. W. PRISONERS AT TULSA,
OKLA. (Nov . 9, 1917)
THE CASE OF THE CHRISTIAN PACIFISTS AT LOS ANGELES, by Norman
M. Thomas.
THE TRUTH ABOUT 'I'HE I. W. W.
(Facts in relation to the . pending trial)
THE CON¥1CTION OF KATE RICHARDS
O'HARE, . and NORTH DAKOTA POL'
ITICS.
LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE
WAR'S HERETICS, a Plea for the Conscientions OhjectQT, by Norman M.
Thomas.
THE CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTOR IN THE
UNITED STATES (All Facls to date) .
Note.-Tlaese Pamplaleb deal solely wit!.
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"I w~t to congratulate you with ·all heartiness on the best revolutionary· ·magazine in the
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The Western Comrade to THE INTERNATIONALIST. First, it is jus~ice to yourself,
inasmuch as you are now a. truly national
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second, ·be<:ause now, as never before, ·do .we
need THE INTERNATIONALIST,"-£. Ralph
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0
0
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0
"I am glad to note that the modus operandi
of your movement is entil:!!ly on constructive
lines and that your magazine is not only readable, but constructive. I expect to derive
much pleasure from reading it from month
to month. I have no criticisms to offer.-Ernesl
F. Dow, Secretary Esperanto Association of
North America.
0
0
0
"The WEsTERN COMRADE is the most
original magazine we have in America. The
last number· is simply great. To use the
language of our ally : It is ripping I" -Lincoln
Phifer, Editor "The New World," Girard,
Kansas.
0
0
0
"The editorials in The WESTERN COMRADE for January stirred me like the blare
of a bugle, or the deep peal of a great
organ."-Channing Severance, Los Angeles.
0
0
0
"One of our valued exchanges, The
Western Comrade, formerly published at
Llano, Cal. has moved to Leesville, La., and
comes out in new form, in a new dress and
under a broader and more inclusive nameTHE INTERNATIONALIST.
'
"The INTERNATIONALIST is one of the
few publications in this country that is really
worth reading. It is economic and sociologic.
It is edited by job Harriman and has on its
staff of contributors some of th~ greatest
thinkers and writers in this country.
"The subscription price is $1.00 per year.
We suggest that readers of THE CONSUMffi
write for sample copy. You will be inlereshi<J."-"The Consumer," Madison, Wis.
i
.....-....
•
0
UNlTY
Established 1878
Price $2.00 per yea~. Sample Copy Free
A Weekly Magazine for I:reedom in
R~ligion, Democr_acy · in .. All hs
Forms, .Internationalism and the
Abolition of Milita~ris~.'
,
Editor-:JENKIN LLOYD JONES :
Contains Each Week:
Vital Contributions to the Problems of Internationalism. Editorial Comment on lmporlant Current Events. Sermon "study,
generally by the Editor. Recent P,oetry.
Studies of Great World Leaders. Book
Reviews, etc., etc.
While the current press is occupied almost ·exclusively with w'ar, news, all ~ho,se
concern it is to pre&&:rve democracy from
the impending militarism should keep in .
touch with each other by reading the fr~e
periodicals.
ur::~. ~.~L~:~~.~ ~~:~~~~ -~
0
"Congratulations on the make-up and contents of THE INTERNATIONALIST."W.
F. Bragg, Pasadena, Cal.
0
I n I e rll8 t·i o n a I i s t
.,
,.,
THE MEXICAN REVIP\V.J ..
The Truth
About
Mexico
If you want Facts abo~t Mexico
which you do not learn from the
press, subscribe for THE MEXICAN REVIEW, or send ten cents
for a sample copy. Annual subscription $1.00. Address:
r
The
Mexican
Review
613 Riggs Bldg., .Washington, D. C.
,·'
/'
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In t e'r n a I ion a I is 1
;
. :.
~
\
\I
Llario-A Soul Laboratory
(Continued frqm page 13)
,
mainspring_to his effort. Such men should not be classed
Socialists for they are merely those. who have failed to m~
gain benefits, and hopes through co~peration with
to secure them. They are socialists through eXI)edlteracy
They are not- to be trusted with power. It requires
the laboratory of the colony to learn these things. I feel sure
that right now many of the readers of 'this article are hotly
repudiating this allegation and sincerely believe that each
person wearing the Socialist label is the genuine Simon-pure
article. But there is more counterfeiting of the Socialist
principle than of any trade-marked article on the market.
One of the results of the Orton-Hungtown-Harquelin combine was the systematizing of attack on the colony. - They are
reported to have united with the Los Angeles Crimes. This
is an influential organ and its stories are widely copied, as
well as are the press stories it is able to send out. Therefore, the colony has been widely branded as a failure. The
fact that it still goes serenely on does not prev-ent a frequent
reiteration of its failure in the general press. We have been
reading of it for four years now. Four years of continuous
failure is quite a record. Ma ny weak-kneed Socialist papers
have also taken up the story, some gloatingly, some apologetically with explanations to show why__ the colony could'nt succeed.
But the colony goes serenely on.
-.unu....J~:a>.
'send us $1.00 for this Razor, . use it thirly days,
it to be die equal o.f any $2.00 Razo~ on - the
we will exchange it for a new one- cir' refund
·
Furnished with plain .black handle, ~ither
Ira hollow ground %-inch .blade. P rice,
postpaid. If convenient, re~t by P. ·0.
Address-
'RED FLAG RAZOR COMPANY
PARAGOULD, ARKANSAS
IF OUR RAZORS DON'T MAKE GOOD, WE WILL.
Your Prospective Customers
Cle lllced In oar Cataloc ol
99% caaranteed Moilinc Lists.
11· C~IO
- ' u ritalaaccudons bow 10 adYertlse and sell profitably by mall.
Coaataand prlcea CIRa on 6000 dlllerenl national Lioll, co7erlnc all
claaet; for lostance, Farmen, Noodle Mfrs., Hatdware Dlrs., Zloc
Mloca, etc. J'jg NlaM,. . , _ BHI/ra Write tor lt.
J
Strengthen Your Advertising Literatul'6
•
\.'llr Analpdcal AdYertlaloc Counoel and Sales Promotion
)enicewllllmproye both JOQI plan and copp,tbuslnsurinc masimum profits. Submit your plans or literature
for prclimin&rJ analraia and quotation-no obli,ation.
,
Colony Development
(Continued from Page II)
other wild fruits to give variety. In the fall there will be
hickory nuts and in some places other nuts which may be
stored away for winter.
(
The people of the nearby towns, those who visit us, and
newly arrived colonists, are well pleased at the progress
being made. The residents of the colony are being housed
c_omfortably.
They are working and achieving.
A great deal might -be said about what we are going to do.
But we are not saying much about the future plans except
an outline of them, for if something happens to cause a change, we are placed in an awkward position. We might go
ahead and tell more of what we hope to make -M this town
here, of how we expect to carry on our farming, of the
plans for c'oncentrating largely on one crop which promises
to yield heavily and return good dividends with a minimum
of labor. We could tell with convincing figures of what we
will be allte to do within another year, but if .adverse weather
conditions or something else that cannot be foreseen should
intervene, we would have some difficult explaining to do, and
there are many who would accuse us of misrepresenting.
When the saw mi"ll and planing mill are set up and in
operation, this fact will be recorded. But until that time,
little will be said. Therefore, the story of colony developm_e nf must remain only as interesting as facts justify and
not as interesting as imagination and prophecy might make it·
•
POWenne
is equal to gasoline at 5c a gallon; salesmen and
agents wanted ; exclusive territory granted. POWis guaranteed to be .harmless, to remove and prevent carbon,
the life of all gaiOline motors, saving repairs, adding snap,
power. · An amount
to 20 gallons of gasoline wiD
charges prepaid, for $1.00.
"Shall J. P. Morgan
Own The Earth?"
- a booklet which PROVES, by photographed extracts. from an
official U. S. Govemme.nl Report, that the Morgan ~ealth and
power are _twenty times greater than realized. How Morgan
(after the war) can manipulate a "panic"; then buy cheaply
control of all vital industries; dispossess YOU of wealth ; reduce MILLIONS to abjeCt slavery. How he keeps knowledge of·
this power suppressed; how newspapers are controlled; governments and legislatures corrupted. Price 50 cents-and your
money back if not satisfied that the _informalion given is well
worth the price. · Descriptive circular, testimonials. etc., free.
Agents wanted. Address:
JACK PANSY, Publisher, P.O. Box LC-307; Grand Rapids,
The
Internation a l
Esperanto
simplifies the language problems, opens
erature, gives one a much belter
tongue, enables him to correspond
and all this al a comparatively
Send for a FREE
copy
the official organ of
and receive also a
on how to learn this
· ~~ mention the
,
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·t
...:····
n a 1i o
•
The
•
I n ·1 e ·r
na I
Real Estate Bargains ·
properties are among those that have been listed for sale or trade with the LLANO LAND BUREAU.
· ·Many of these are exceptional BARGAINS. As more and more property is listed, it becomes possible to· offer a variety in all portions of the cot:ntry. Those who wish to sell or trade or buy, or knowing of others--who wish to
buy, are invited to correspond. with the LLANO LAND BUREAl.]. NO COMMISSIONS ARE CHARGED those expecting to come to the Llano Colony.
-No. I-COLORADO. 3-slory frame building, IS apartments, with
living room for owners, all completely furnished, steam heal, hot water,
close to center of Trinidad. Always ren!ed. It is worih $11,000, and
brings in $2500 a year, $2000 net. Will sell for $9,000, with $S,OOO
each payment.- gbm.
No. 2- 7-room collage made in I\) two apartments, separate plumbing,
lighting, and completely furnished for two families. Value is $2,SOO.
Will sell for $2000. Gross income~a year.- gbm
-No. 3- Pressed brick furnished apartment house of len apartments. Hot water system and supply, separate private ' baths, toilets
and lavatories. Disappearing beds, built-in buffets, ample closet room.
Mo.st of the apartments have private entrance from street. Living room
and store in basement. Vacant co rner adjoining is included, 40x70.
Best apartments in the ·city. Always occupied, and there is always
waiting list. Building in prime condition inside and out. Value is
$22,000. Will sell for $20,000. Cash, $14,000 and balance in payments of $100 a month. The income per year is $3100. All furniture
is included. This is a remarkable bargain and a steady, dependable
tncome.
'
No. 4-AII three of the above proper!ies will be sold together for
$28,000 cash. You deal direct with owner. - gbm.
For Sale.- Crystal Springs, Fla.- Ten acres, thre-quarlers of mile
to town; 2Vz acres fenced and cultivated.-gl im.
For Sale.- Crystal Springs, Fla.- Lot, 60x 170 four blocks from
center of town. $800 for both; will lrade.-gl im
For Sale.-Ten acres in Florida; good house, fenced, cleared and
partly cultivated for last five years. Price $400.-wss
For Sale or Exchange.- 130 ac~e~, good farm land ncar Heber
County.
river, five miles
from Gladewater. 60 acres in cultivation; improvements; pine and oak
timber. $20 an ·acre. Terms to suit purchaser.- mbw.
LOUISIANA. Heflin. 100 acres in Bienville Parish. Rolling upland; all first class. Price $1 S an acre.- jb.
$13$0--House and lot; 6 rooms; lot 33Vzx I SO; barn 18x20; long
lime to pay; at Orbisiania, Pa.-gcm.
$200--:Business lot in Seadrift, Texas.-dc.
5 Acres ; Truck land in oil belt; close to oyster fishing. Seadrift. Texas.
This is a bargain at $1200. Will consider trade.-dc.
11-Room House; large lot; Seadrift, T cxas, for $500.-dc.
lots in Richmon·d , Va, for $400. T crms.---;em
Lot in New York City for $800.-gfj .
for Ill acres rich land in Washington. Fine fruit districl.- gfj
Cherry Orchard, fenced; 8- room house. barn. running water;
or<>du.cm!Z place; will soon pay itself out.- gfj.
distnct of Washington; thriving small town; good inleave. -$800.-pj
,WilshmRion; I million feet timber, 12 acres cultivated ;.
climate ; good farm land. $1500. A bargain.
mountains of California; timber. Splendid climate;
portion. $4000.-mep
Co., Colo., small bldgs. ; Fine bean land, ideal
$400.-lmc
house in Pensacola. Lot Slx 120; close
. new navy yards. One· mile from dedescription of this bargain. $3000
:_For Sale or Trade: 160 acres McDonald county, . Mo. ISS acres
timber. Price $1000; half down, balance time or trade.-eaw (W)
4 Acres in close to business district; Twin Fails, Idaho. Splendid ·
opporiunily in live town. $4000.--gee
·
Business lot Twin Fails, Idaho. $1700. A bargain.-gee
42 acres at Los Gatos, California. Income of $4000 a year ; health and
pleasure resort. · Going Business. Good reasons for ielling. Price
$20,000. Consider ter~s.
? .. Room Modern House; electricity, toilet bath, 10 minutes walk ·from
business district of Eureka, one of the finest cities of California. Worth
$13-50 and a bargain at this price. Will trade.-aej
Modern home at Atascadero, California. 20 fruit trees, splendid cli 7
mate. $2SOO, $1 500 cash. balance mortgage. Will consider trade.-rwv
160 Acres at LaGrandc, Ore. S-room house, 40x20 barn, log blacksmith shop and bunk house, springhouse; 300,000 'feel saw timber;
60 acres good farm land; market for wood at $6 a cord. This is
a genuine bargain. Owner had to leave on account of wife's health.
$1800 takes it.- clg.
607 acres in Nebraska, mostly grazing; 40 acres broken; small house,
and barn, all fenced and cross fenced, well, windmill and tank. $6000,
to be $2SOO cash, remainder long time. -mjf
$600 for Six Acres ; house; all fenced and all under cultivation. Close
to coast. A bargain.- hat
$3500 for 160 acres in New Mexico; will consider trade; also four
lots in Hammond, Okla. for $700.- pfs
40 acres; Heber Springs, Arkansas; will consider trade. $1600.-jc.
3 parcels of Land at Chico, California. Trade considered.-jw
TEXAS, near Tomball; I SO acres; 40 acres under fence and cultivation ; S-room House; smoke house .and bam; 30 acres more has
been culiivated and can easily be put in cultivation; balance cut-over
timber land ; drainage perfect; has oil indications. Price' $2SOO. Will
consider trade for part. balance five yearly payment;- of $2SO at 7
percent semi-annually. Immediate possession with crop. This is a
splendid deal. Fine climate.-aec
$4SO- two lots Stockton, California
$325Q- House and lot in San Francisco
$3SOO- Thirty-acre farm. mountains of Caiifornia ; $2000 for farm
without sto~k. This is an excellent location and good properly.
$500 for len acres ·in Florida, suitable for oranges and vegetables.
$2217 for good business in Iowa iown, plumbing and heating.
Florida land- to acres, partly improved, house and . buildings.
160 acres- Kansas, unimproved land. $2000, sell or trade.
320 acres unimproved Kansas · land, $3200.
240 acres in Tex as, 95 in cultivation, two houses, $20 an acre.
$2SOO for good place in Mississippi.-vle
40 acres in Texas, good improvements. $7S an acre. Sell or trade.
200 acres Arkansas land, improvements, orchard and house, stock,
tools, implements included; all for $6000. Sell or trade.
16S acres Texas for $10,000. Terms.
'
160 acres Texas, unimproved good rice or fig land. $2S an acre.-aec
20 acres Idaho, $22S an acre. Liberal Terms.-jcc
$300 for lot in thriving Alabama town. · Sell or trade.
$400 for 40 acres southern Alabama, unimprc;>ved .
$1600 for 40 acres in Florida. Liberal terms.-alc
$1SOO for house and lot in Grand Rapids, Mich. Rents for $17.50.
~~r..u•h""' buyer, perhaps we may show you how he may borrow the money to purchase
themselves of this p)~n and make deals possible that could not otherwise be made.
~
.
�unless y.ou , are
i~te!ested in THE
We don't want you to ·read. what" follows
appointed: This is a ·talk With interested
an awakening interest, you ·may sta~ and-
u ....... u.,•
uy.,"• '··Jinttte
interested: you ~igh.i:
are' not invited: Of co~rse; if yau
further.
'
"'.iri
Now here are some facts. They are --'' ·~··Every one who reads ~h~ daily pa~rs ~~n~
just a little, or. even obser~es if, h.e· does
think; knows the truth of them. The fa~ts are .these.: .
1.-The world is becoming Socici"listic;
.
· ·'
-...:.
2.-There are few infiuential radical. publications.
.
.
,
3.-The demand -for radical literature that is genuinely constructive is greater than ever ~efore. ·
4.-:-THE INTERNATIONALIST occupies first place today in the radical field;
,
What we want you to' Jaw from these statements is that THE INTERNATIONALIST is entering. a .
•
world field. It wants to inc/ease ' the size of its audience. It wants to rea~h more people. -
~if you don't liJ(;'THE INTERNATIONALIST, ri~ht here is the plac~ for ,ou to quit reading.
Throw the magazine awa· and write to have your subscription stopped. But if you do like it, even if
you don't like every artde. keep this number.
.
.
But don't slop at tiat. Loan it to a friend. Make him say wheti)er he likes it or not, and then
his subscription . Tha. won't cost you anything and it will cost him only a -dollar. and he wi\l
worth of benefit out o; it 1 uring the ye~r.
~
.\
But that isn't w1at we want you to d~ltogether. T hat isri't ei10ugh. There
ical people in every community. They are willing to pay $1 a year to get twelve
most writers of the country on radical subjects. That is only 8c a message, which is·
the characte r of •hese messages is considered.
Now if you are willing to get six persons to read THE INTERNA
subscription s fo t $3.60, by buying sub cards in advance.
Or, if yol' know someone who is a hustler--and this is the thing we have been Wi:llluutw:•
all alon g-get him to bf'come subscription agent for THE INTERNATIONALIST. He can
in lots of tel! or more at SOc each and they sell for one dollar. If he is good enough in
sell fo ur in a day he makes $2 for himself . . If he should be one of those Number One hustlers, he
sell ten and make $5.00.
Now if you happen ·to know of such a fellow or girl or woman, or happen to be such a person yourself. why not ta ke up th;s work? Take it up to help THE INTERNATIONALIST because ·it is the best
radical J;Uagazine today, and should be read by every one of your neighbors. Take it up because
is a lib[ral commission paid .
remember this: if you want to see the dawn of a better day you have got to do some nu:su1nK
own accoun t. You can't sit down and let o thers do all the work. If you know half a dozen ·
hundred or half a thousand people who could be benefited by having some ne~ ideas nPru•h•<>.t.•
minds, then nominate yoursel.f Chief Sub-Getter of you neighborhood and we will elect you.
in for six sub-cards for $3.60, or send in $5 and get ten, and prove to yourself that you are a
-wine, sure-eJ;ough sub-getter who can deliver the good~. If you never soJd a suh-card, see·.
. If you don !t think you can, prove.t hat you ha ·•e a right to be consider-ed_!:If ·some use to the
I movement.
·
·
.t
Arc you wifiin3 to do something besides read The INTERNATIONALIST? Of course we ar,e
have your name on the mailinl!Afst. but if you wi' l get someone else to do it, you wilt have.
:elf really popular, and you wift' have a sense of ha ;ing done someth:ng' to spread the ideas·
111 .
Why not get some boy or girl into the habit, so:ne young man or young woman into ~he
mg sub~criptions? The commission is liberal. The magazine mal~es its way ~verywhere.
If you sit down right now, write us a letter, sead in your order for ten sub-cards, put ·
or a money order, and then get busy when the sub-cards arrive, we will know that you
through after all, and that you really ARE interested and that it wasn't mere curiosity
read through but that you are a constructive builder and like THE INTERNA
others would, and want to have them read it.
No~ wa~ it curiosity, or will you pelp?
�'
Loall Your mo!ley ·r;!, Per ·
to the Colbity.af g~,Cent
:..\ .
.•- ' \
'
:•
'
elp Your Ca:usef.
'
\
tract of land is being purchased by the Llan~, Colony.
It is a splendid investment.
the country who ~ve ~~~1 -sums to invest,_or Ta-;;~~~;};;;h~~~a;t~r:- ~ow
to place them where they will draw a . good rate of interest and at the same time
land security.
mquired about making investments. Now for the first time the colony ,is able to offer
investment and make -·goQd use of the money borrowed. The purchase of this•land opens the
to the es.tablishment of many homes, and those who have small sums to inv~st can pu~ them to the
sort of use. They will be · helping the cause in which they are interested, and Will draw good· interest on their market.
The colony prefers bor-rowing from comrades
because it wishes to have its debts in the hi;m
ds of its
.
.
\
fr.icnds.
·
The land is . to be developed as rapidly as possible for food' production. It is capable of .
twenfY to thirty b1,1shels of peanuts to the acre, fifty to two hundred bushels of sweet potatoes,
bale _of cotton, a- fair-yield- of- corn-{1:he·s:e- al'e- tileprincipal cr~TFie unhearCI:OTCiem~nd
makes · this land valuable; its cultivation will be extremely profitable. _.. . .There is a market clarno
prOducts.·
, ,_
Many comrades throughout the country have small sums which they have saved; but which they
kno,w how tq invest safely. The' colony offers one with gilt-edge security. This land is to be
·sale by "·t he colony, such portion as will be sold, for $25 an acre and up.
of $1 00 and up will be accept.e d and land security given. Smaller sums will also be accepted
s,ecurity will be . given. This will ·be made known on application. Please write for this intod~y and ask the Questions vou have in mind. If you have money to loan or know of others
write us. This is an exceptional oppcirtunity; Now is the time to take advantage of it.
J:>ut a stamp to ask what vou wish to know. Write AT ONCE.
-
Bu.reau., llano Colony
-L~e&ville,~ Louisiana
·
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·~
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
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en
Identifier
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Original Format
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Internationalist, 1918-06
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
An account of the resource
Formerly Western Comrade
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918-06
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Western Comrade
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-TheInternationalist_v06n02_191806
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2018-08-06
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v06n02
Extent
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40 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
The Internationalist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e76c700a31238bde0aa02ae35d8cb91a.pdf
f596c28bd30e8bec3614dd7934d0328c
PDF Text
Text
FOR M E R L Y
TIBlE '~'ESTERN C<(J)MR.Ali))E
Price 10 Cents
May,l918
China and the Social Revolution
By
Kiang
Kang
Hu
'
National Non-Resistance?
-A Debate by
AIf red
J e s s i e W a II a c e
A. S e s s i o n s al\d
H u g h a n, Ph. D.
· World Federation After the War
By
Wa I t e r
T ho m a s
M i II s .
\Vhat Esperanto Means to
the World
By C r e s t o n
CIa r k Co i g n e
The Story of American Socialism
0\
By L in c o I n P h i f e r
~
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...,
\
•
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0
1.
•
I
•
Gateway to Freedom
16,000 ACRE PLANTA!ION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF WESTERN LOUISIANA
.
.
of agricultural production, ·every available man is ·put on · the fanri •.
Rio Co-operative Colony was establish;<! at Llano!
This work takes precedence over all else. very avc;'nue of waste · is
County, California, in May, 1914. It attracted
bein11 closed as fast as discovered. Elimination of useless work ~~nd re•1uo'u~ho1ut the country because of the calibre of the
duction of only partly necessary tasks is insisted on. The ain... of
l ond1uctmg it. Hundreds joined the colony and during
the Colony is not only to support itself the very first year, but to
of acres of orchards and alfalfa were planted,
grown, and many industries were established, . have an ample mar_gin left over. This will take careful and systematic
planning. Through this care and foresight, the new Colqny will be
intention was to form other colonies, extending
able to take care of all of its resident•. including increase. Housing
as possible. The first extension has been organized.
is simplified by the number of houses acquired with the property.
search, it ~vas finally decided to purchase 16,highlands of Vernon Parish in Western Loumile from Leesville, the parish scat of Vernon
IS miles from the Sabine river, about 40 miles
(both navigable), forty miles from Alexandria,
;:,hrevepoort, and about 200 miles from New Orleans.
this district are fertile, high, well-drained, healthswamps, no malaria, no mosquitoes, no fevers more
other st~tes. Health reports show that this portion
compare favorably with any other section of the
is an abundance of drinking water of excellent
investigation was made regarding health conditions.
by the Health Departme•: of Louisiana were studied.
district were interviewea. All agreed on the healthof the State, and those who have heard diSLouisiana are invited to make further and more
before arriving at conclusions.
lies southwest of Leesville and has had most of
.
Remaining along the creeks.however, are scat~
long leaf variety to supply the Colony with buildyears to come. About 1200 acres of hardthousands of dollars are also on the land
r the establishing of many industries. The
magnolia, white oak, cypress, walnut, . post oak,
gum, and hickory. The trees are splendid ones,
timber is not to be su:-rassed in quality.
it was finally
found that the
· Stables stood on the property. This was acA hotel of 18 rooms, 27 habitable houses,
one shed l30x300 feet, one shed 130x200
one store 30x90, one office 40x50, eight
The lumber in these buildings. together
on the place, amounts to about 2 million feet.
extend acrpss the land. A concrete power house
·
kilns (cost to erect them, $12,000) each kiln
high, are also -included. Stables is on the
City SoutHern Railroad. This town will be
later a more systematically laid out town will
COLONY INDUSTRTtS
The establshment of industries goes forward as rapidly as this
can be achieved. These are at present secondary to food production.
Land must be cleared, plowed, fenced, tilled. Later industries will be
given a!tention. .At present· the hotel, dairy, printing department,
livestock, etc., are the industries. Some machinery is on the
which has not been set up and will not be until circumstances
HOW TO BECOME A MEMBER
The price of a membership in the Llano Colony has been set at
$2000. A change in the rate of initial payments, operative on and
after May 1st, 1918, is based on the number of persons in the family
and their ages, the minimum payment being $'1000, and ranging to
$2000. Other changes are contemplated. In order to become a member, it is necessary to fill out an Application for Membership form
which is passed upon.
The incoming member, when he becomes a
resident, occupies a colony house, is paid on the same scale as 'all
other members of the colony, and under the present atran·gement, works
out one share of stock a day until the entire membership has
worked out. Employment is given all members of the family.
applicants for membership are required to give reputable
Those wishing to take out membership a re requested to write to
.Membership Department direct for full information and to take
memberships through it. No Agents Are Authorized to Make
or to Accept Money ... Mere ownership of stock does not give the
of membership.
There is also the Instalment Memb~n by which those who
not make payments in full at once may take out a membership
which they may pay $10 or more each month. Those interested
this plan are invited to write specially concerning it.
WHEN YOU VISIT US
remember that Stables is on the Ka.nsas City Southern Railroad,
runs due South from Kansas City to Port Arthur, and we
one mile from Leesville, in Vernon Parish, midway of the
in the extreme western part.
AGENTS WANTED
Trustworthy agents are desired in different conui1urtiti,es
who can furnish first-rate references are invited
Membership Department concerning becoming our
LAND FOR SALE
question asked. A careful investigation has been
of mistake were taken. It is found that a great
do well here. Peaunts, sweet potatoes, melons. of
and sugar cane, will be the besi producers
••omoo-bnm,ers Vegetables of all kinds do well, and
. returns. This region is not sufficiently well
to make detailed <tatements possible, but from a
of undoubted reliability, assurance is given that
cherries, and similar fruits can be profitably
and goats can find forage during nearly the
of hogs is profitable because of the abunbe grown here.
OF DEVELOPMENT
The Colony thoroughly realizes the responsput upon it. Efficiency is insistw on, and
required to attend efficiency classes. The
given instruction. Records are kept showhiev.,meJnt, results, costs. There is a systematic and
perfected. Land is being cleared and plowWith a complete understanding of the needs
Many have inquired about buying land. The
will offer land close to the Colony for sale at
on reasonable terms.
More detailed information is given in the
which outlines the idea of co-operative
it, and what is hoped may be achieved, together
to be used. The folder "Llano's Plantation ir
Louisiana" goes inlo more detail concerning ihe
tract.
The new colony in Loui>iana can support a population
several thousand per.;om. It offers ' wonderful
who join. You a re invited to write to
Memher•lh;n
for full information about ar.y point not
questions you ask. AJdress
LLANO
DEL
Stables,
�Pol
tical
Act
on
Co-operatioll
Fo~erly "THE
-WESTERN
ialiam
COMRADE" .
Enter~d as second-class mauer November 4th, 1916. at the i>ostoliice at Uimo, Cal.• under Act of March 3, 1879.
: Application for entry as second-class matter at the post!'llic.e at _Leesville, La., pending.
.
JOB
.
HARRIMAN... _._..._- ·_M_a_na...:.(m
:....·...:g:_ E_di_.to
_r_ _ALAN
~-~'-0-"~-S_ES_S_I::..
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Ns:
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-·--As
__so_C._·a".te_ E_di_lo_r..--- E-RN
_ _ES
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_ OOSTER....Business Maoacer
Subscription Rate: $1.00 a year ; Canada, $ i 25; Single copies, I Oc.; Oubs of Five or more (in U. S.) $3.00. Publishers and
others are invited to copy at will from THE INTERNATIONALIST. but are asked to give credit. In making change of address,
always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is changed. Please do nbt send sub- ·
scriptions. changes of address. complaints, etc., to individuals. Address ALL communications to The Uano Publications, Leesville, La.
The lntem'ltionalist neithe• approves nor disappJoves the sentiments expressed in contributions not signed by one of the editors.
LEESVILLE, LA., MAY, 1918.
Vol. VI
No.1
By Job Harriman
T
HE INTERNATIONALIST appears at a most opGREED
portune time, not only in its history, but in the GREED will dig its own grave. No power can save
history of the world.
it from the tomb. Its urge is always toward death.
Its former name "The Western Comrade" was used Like a cancer, it eats the heart in which it dwells. It
when it was in California and limited to substantially petrifies the brain that bids it welcome. It makes an
that locality. But now that it has moved to the South outcast of all who drink its elixir. Ambition and tyranwhere it is in easy touch with all the world as well as ny are its partner~. and capitalism is its all-consuming
with our own country, it must occupy a larger field, and, fire:
at least in some degree, respond to the new internationObserve the trenches.
alism that is springing out of this war.
--<>As its new. fii ld of work opens it will endeavor to
LOVE
·· ..mtray the reasons why the whole fabric of our cap- LOVE builds its own throne. No power can crush OJ'
italist civilization is dissolving, and will · endeavor to
dislodge it. Its magic touch ·gives life and joy. It is
assist in its .feeble way in blazing the course out of the a fountain of _Perpetual happiness in every heart in which
jun~le· into which we have been plunged and onto a
it dwells. It inspires and illuminates the brain that bids
it welcome. It makes a god of all who dr.i nk its elixir..
higher plane of life.
The walls that capitalism has built around the coun- Hope and charity are its partne·rs, and br.stherhood is
tries are crumbling and we shall soon be bounding over its all-absorbing aim.
Observe the pacifist.
them and mingling with other peoples in spirit and in life.
--oWith this world war has come excruciating pain, but
it is a birth-pain.
CAPITALIST papers and magazines aret.harging the
Bolsheviki with all the crimes on th calendar.
The world is being born again,-born into new
thought, world patriotism, world spirit, world brotherThe North American Review says, "they 1are a group
hood.
of despotic leaders who are grasping at .autOcratic power
The national lines and feuds are passing. The na- by inflaming the cupidity of th~ lowest cla1s to murder•
tiona! characters w!l soon be a thing of the past. The ous violence."
Is there not at least something
International will be the standard.
of ''murAnd we shall endeavor to mak'"e THE INTERN'.f~ derous violence" along the trenches?
TIONALIST a · worthy spokesman..
\
Did the Bolsheviki or the Socialists
--<>' \the governing classes to these deeds?
OBBING a man of hope is like robbing an egg of
"Great wealth," they go on to say in
.meat-it leaves only a shell.
"is the fruit of extraordinary
R
..
�and energy... And. they
Great woJth represents
power extracted from the ·
say. crimes.
liuman energy or
lives of the nation.
Whoever extracts it without rendering .an equivalent
commit& a social crime. Wh_oever will commit a crime
to gain power will commit a crime to hold it.
This world war is a diabOlical crime to hold fast to
ill-gotten power and capitalism is responsible for it.
There is one dastardly difference between a buzzard
and capitalism ; a buzzard will devour its dead, but ca~
italism will devour the living and the dead.
-()--
L ESE MAJESTY
is now the law in Texas. This law
was passed as a sort of fly trap for I. W. W.
speakers.
Jf the theory of the law is correct, it should be
applied against the freedom of the _press as well as
against freedom of speech.
S uch an application would catch an · extraordinary
variety of criminals.
Some bright spring morning would disclose in chains
Roosevelt and the editor of the Kansas City Star, the
editor of the North American Review and a host of
others who are guilty of violent criticism of both. the
government and the President.
There is a difference, however, between the I. W. W.
criticism and that of Roosevelt and the Review.
The one represents a multitude of suffering human
beings calling for bread and justice, while the other is
a carping, hypocritical campaign for the gratifi~ation of
political ambitions.
The one is punished and the other goes free.
The on is weak and the other is powerful.
The one is treated with contempt, the other with
r sp ct for tihe same act.
Justicet Thy name is " farce"!
Transportation is of such minor impo lance that it
is sca.Jc:dy a problem.
All the elements of efficiency is present. They teqW:re a minimum man PoWer foi tran portation lUld pro-duction. leaving a maximum ll).an power for military
demands.
: The ~itazy efficiency of a nation i mea ured by
its"ability to concentrate a maximum number of men alld
a maximum quantity of equipment. ea ily and quickly.
Within a few weeks two million men with fOod and
equipment were transferred from the eastern to the west•
ern. front, in full· preparation for battle. Seven millions
more are trained and ready to be drawn, and are within
m<!rching distance of the trenches.
·
The reverse is true of ~e Allies.
The Allies and their colonies are sc!lttered throughout
the world. Though their power is enormous, their in•
ability to concentrate that power places them at a tre·
mendous disadvantage.
.
No more glaring instance ~f this fact can be cited than
that of the United States.
Her transportation problems west of the Mississippi
alone are far more difficult and perplexing than are all
the transportation problems of the Central Powers.
Add to this the transportation of ·troops and equi~
ment east of the Mississippi.
Again, add the transportation of food and military
supplies over a vast territory where intensive agriculture
is scarcely known.
Again, add the necessity of building sufficient ships to
transport these troops and equipment 3000 miles; and
then add the necessity of transporting them through
dangerous seas swarming With submarines, and you
have a picture o'f unavoidable obstacles_which demap.ds
a maximum number of men for purposes of preparation
leaving only a minimum number for mititary purposes.
The same is true, only worse, iii the case. of -th • colonies of England.
-This fact places the fundamental advantage with the
HE CENTRAL POWERS have always held the
Central Powers, while the minimum efficiency is with the
fundat
ental ad vantage in the war.
Allies.
They lie tween and divide their enemies.
'o one knows these facts better than Mr. RooJevelt
t first thi wa considered a weakness because they
ould be aU eked from all sides; but it proved to be and his associate defamers. It is nothing less than
diabolical. political turpitude to blame Pruident W&on
nn ad antage.
. Th . trench s in e ery direction lie dose to· tlu: seat for military inefficiency in the face of these facu.
From a military point of view, it might have been far
of upplies.
Every
could he reached within ma.n:hing distance- more sagacious to have placed millions of "'L:Iiert in the
The agrit\llbJrnl, industrial and military resoun:es are agricu)tural and industrial fields. thui enabling Uf to
T
in touth
~
the field of hattie.
is dense and quiddy available.
All iodlftjial lines were highly o:rganind aud ;ur.-1"';;llu.c:M to in~sive cultiv.ttioo.
L01mtifu1Jy feed and supply the ADies wbote soldier•
were near 1he battle held, bat Rooievdt aud Lis band
do not raise this poiot.
Scm1id ambition appea.is to be their ool,. guide.
�.i'
l. - J
The
·.,.,-r-
Internationalist
S
M
ABOT- a kind of wooden shoe worn by the peas-AN acts in line with his beli~£.
antry of Europe.
.
Belief arises in logical sequence
an establishWhat has this to do with sabotage?
ed or assumed premise.
.
Simple enough! The shoe was thrown into the
Belief is therefore determin_e d not by 1right or wrong,
machine for the purpose of destroying · its usefulness in but by the accepted premise.
times of strikes. F~st, the premise and the reasoning.
-Second, the conclusion and the belief.
That is the meaning of_the word.
Third, the action. ·
Other meanings that may be attached indi~te that
the mind of the author of the new interpretation is
This is the mental process that unlocks the infinite enchanging while the original meaning persists.
ergy of the race and turns loose the dogs of war as well
The theory and practice of sabotage is wrong. The as the princes of peace.
- Look carefully, therefore, into your -premise.
cause of the working class must be worked out along
Can man live in harmony when conflicting interests
the lines of constructive, and not destructive, effort.
Life is constructive and productive of hope.
evolve out of his institutions?
..; · Is it right for one to expropriate the energy of anDeath is destructive and brings with it despair.
Death, destruction, despair-are unconscionable m other?
Is profiteering right either in times of peace or war?
their operations·. They lead to the pit.
If so, is the conservation of energy a fundamental
ECRET DIPLOMACY is among the most dangerous law of nature, or is it even a law at all?
If the conservation of energy is a fundamental law,
of all methods ever conceived to adjust international
is not capitalism or expropriation in any form, violaaffairs.
It must -be abolished or peace will ever be broken by tion of that law?
Can one who expropriates human energy contrary to
repeated wars.
Establish secret diplomacy between the States of this this fundamental law be trusted to use such energy
wisely?
country and a ci'lil war would
If conservation is the law,
soon follow.
is not restoration the only
A few powerful states
just answer?
would seek to control by arms
By Davi-d Bobspa
If restoration is .made, will
what they now strive to conthere not be peace and hartrol by politics.
Wave forever,
mony?
Lay all the cards on the
Oh good red flag of universal brotherhood.
If restoration is refused,
For· the International lives!
table in a world parliament,
Never died the spark of freedom's fire.
will there not be conflict and
center the milit~ry or police
Earth trembles today
war?
authority there, open the
In birth of the era of Humanism.
Some say that pacifists are
commerce of the world to
Blindly we groped for
traitors; that war is natural.
all, and we wiil put the world
The International
But we say unto you, "Look
in a fair way to work out inThrough rapacious years of exploitation.
well into your premise, -for the
ternational - harmony.
The Great War
nature of the animal is deThis would bring about a
Has clarified our vision
termined in the egg."
harmony of states, but internAnd thorofied our understanding
al discord extends its roots far
Of humanity's Greater War!
deeper than politics. They
INDENBURG will go
Rise of Humanism
run down into the vitals of
down in history as the
In Russia dawned. as
capitalism, animal greed and
world's greatest general and
The red flag of the International
ambition. Combined these deBy Bolsheviki flung
hence - the world's greatest
velop insatiable cannibalism.
Proclaimed to all the world
destroyer . .
Internal harmony can be
The hour of freedom's triumph.
Tolstoi will go down in
established only by eliminathistory
as the . world;s greatOa glad May Day
ing all conllict of interest and est
pacifist
hence the
One-nine-one-eight
.
by laying a substantial founWhen arGuses the proletariat
world's ·
dation in a community of inTo make real today
ye will
Choose
terest upon which a genuine
The International!
serve.
brotherhood <:an rest secure.
S
----<>-
a
The International Lives!
.
H-----------------<>-
,.
�r>age six
- The
Iniernationalist
\
S~o-ry of American Socialism
-~
By Lincoln Phifer, Editor "The New Wo.rld."
back to the world, where they could make their living by easier
methods.
I. THE DRAMA OF COLONIZATION
'f.
OWEN'S INTELLECTUAL APPEAL
'f.
'f.
The Owenite idea was taken up by others. One experim-e nt
sought
to free slaves and develop them under co-<>perative
OBERT OWEN was born in Wales in 1771. He was
conditions; but six montps were sufficient to discourage the
poorly schooled and . at e_J~ven w~s apprentic~d . to a
London mercha nt. H1s ab1hty was such that w1thm ten promotors and the freed slaves were removed to Hayti and the
community was abandoned. Another community was estabyears he had arisen to the superintendency of more t~an 5~0
lished by learned rationalists with a "church · of Reason."
workmen. He quit the place_and became a partner w1th A_rK- .
A1iother: composed of farmers, took up manufacture on a cowright, inventor of the spinning jenny. in the New Lanark,
operative basis and prospered, but was broken up because
Scotland, cotton mill. The village went with the mill, ana
titles to real estate held did not stand the test in the courts.
the employess were mostly children, who were slept and fed
in barracks and treated much like beasts. Owen at once began
Owen lived until 87 years old, and devoted his life to the
reforms. The spinning jenny owned by them, in one of the
few mills in the world that used it, assured business success;. workers,_dying comparitively poor. · He orgapized in England
and child labor was abolished, mode! tenements were erected, an "Association of All Classes and Nations," which afterward
the liquor business was cur-tailed and in general, condition~ assumed the name of Socialists. He left fo~r sons, a)l of
were improved, while free schools were established. When the who r~mained in America, and all of ~hom attained reputapartners objected to the reforms Owen published a statem~nf tion, each in the line of work he pursued. of the case, which, being widely circulated, called enough hbMost famous of his sons was Robert Dale Owen, who coner<i.l-minded men to his side to enable him to buy out the ob- tinued the work begun in the New Harmony community. He
jectors and proceed with his work. His reforms and ag~tation published three papers in succession, setting forth the hopes
brought him such renown that he was called on to a1d the of the workers, the last, "Young Am~rica," attaining a wide
English government in ameliorating labor '-onditions in general circulation and carrying at the head two demands that are very
and he divised, on request, the famous educational system that striking: "Equal rights for women with men in all respects,"
has since been used in Prussia.
and "Abolition of chattel slavery and of wage slavery." Twice
It was with this equipment that Owen turned his attention he was elected to congress, and drafted the act under which
to a plan for the reorga nization of society. He called his plan the Smithsonian Institute was established in Washington. He
Socialism. He lectured on it, and had the learned and famous was perhaps the chief figure in the fight for the establishment
as auditors. Finally, he projected a community, and finding of public schools on a national basis. In his old age he wrote
the Rapp community, land and houses in Posey county, In- President Lincoln suggesting how the slaves might be emancidiana , for sale, he hought them all and launched his com- pated; and the ve~ plan he suggested was followed. It is a
munity there on 30,000 acres of land. Though he had devised singular thing that both he and his father, though both had
a building on the order of the old California mission houseJ, boldly proclaimed their materialism, before their death dewith many rooms surrounding a vacant court, as a means_ ol clared their belief in spiritualism. The first intellectual exaffording cheap construction and yet compactness and individ- pression for emancipation of the workirig class had, apparual privacy with community relationship, he accepted the ently, completed the circle and returned to the earliest inspirabuildings as they stood at New Harmony. Owen not only gave tional expression .
. his money to promote the enterprise without hope of reward,
but also spent much of his time at New Harmony. The experi.· Chapler IV
ment attracted men of science and letters. The community
was visited by notables from all over the world. Lectures of
I. THE COLONIZING PERIOD
a high order were delivered, and there was a . marked dev~
opment of musical tale11t. In the very midst of this activity,
THE FOURIER COLONff.S
Owen had the courage, if lack of discretion, to announce his
BOUT 1835, Charles Fourier, who had been a soldier
conversion from belief in religiou to materialism. This turned
in the French revolution, brought out a boo~ that outa large element against him.
Because of Owen's materialistic belief many preachers vislined his scheme for the regeneration of human society.
ited the colony for the purpose of promulgating their dogmas. It was an elaborate system, beginning with the community,
Owen met the invasion in a charasteristic manner. He insisted which he hoped to organize as the unit, called a phaianx: anci
on entertaining the ministers and giving them free use of tile leading up to the na tion and finally the world. The book did
hall, the only stipulation ~eing that at the conclusion of the;r not attract wide attention until Arthur Brisbane, a briliian~
talks they must submit to questioning. While this free forum American editor, visited Europe, read Fourier's book, and on
almost stopped the propaganda of religion in New Harmony, it his return presented the plan to the American people in a voiume which he called, the "Social Destiny of Man." This book
increased rather thap diminished dissension.
The community rovided free education and free medical attracted the favorable attention of many literary men. A
service. The New Harmony experiment failed alter ai>out column was engaged in the N"w York Tribune for agitating the
three years. There 'ere efforts to establish other communities plan. Later, a paper, known first as. the "Phalanx" and after- under modified plan and with selected membership. In one, ward as the "Harbinger," was started to forward the move-:omposed of literar men and men of sedentary habits, all ment. The Brook Farm community, the first of the phalanxes,
--nked, and service was the passion of life. But finally life was formed in Massachusetts, with membership that included
R
A
tt:nt~loctu.!• -
t,_,
,,,.,«! too tamo and tho mombo" :o;t
:el2'ao
•uoh famo"' pooplo •• Ha<a~ G<Odoy, Pa.ko Godwin, Wii!W.
~i7.rn.
-..L21Di?i!
..'...~-
�The
Inte r na t ionalist
.Page seven
~nryChanning,Charles
A.Dana, George W. Curtis, Nathaniel
Hawthorne, and Margaret. Fuller.. Louise M. Alcott and Ralp~ Waldo Emerson gave their sanctiOn to the new work. Their
rallying cry was:
"Our white flag. is given to the breeze. Our three-fold motto
-unity of man with man in true society, unity of man wil~l
God in true religion, unity of man with nature in creative art
and industry- is blazoned on its folds. Let hearts, strong in
the might of faith and hope and charity, rally to bear--it on m
triumph. We are sure to conquer. God will work with us; .
humanity will welcome our word of glad tidings. · The future is ours. On, in God's name!"
Horace Greeley declared : "I shall .do whatever I can for the
promotion of our common cause. To it whatever I have or
may hereafter a.cquire of pecuniary ability is devoted." Some
of the finest characters America ev~r produced, men and women that the country still honors, wrote and spoke freely for
the cause. As a result phalanxes were organized in many
states: six in Ohio, seven in New York, six in Pennsylvama,
two in Massachue'setts, two in Indiana. Some of these pha1anxes attracted more than local attention. Brook Farm community has already been mentioned, composed- largely of htcrary people, who were too much given to contemplation to
make practical success of agriculture. Next to it in fame was
the North American phalanx, only forty miles from New York
city. Fruitlands also attracted much attention. Some of the
colonies started under very unfavorable conditions, enduring
hardships of pioneering with the utmost cheerfulness.
The total membership in the various phalanxes at one time
exceeded 25,000. They held state and even national conventions, and were in a mea·sure afli.1iated, dreamina of a time
when they should be able to dominate the social :ctivities of
the nation.
It is a rather remarkable fact that the same thing that had
given strength to the colonizing movements up to this timethat is, the abundance of cheap land in America-was the
prime cause of the sudden collapse of the phalanxes; for when
hardships became too great and dissentions arose, the members
could always go further west and get individual foothold.
Many of the phalanxes had started without adequate means
of protecting themselves until they could get established. This
was expressly against the advice of Fourier and Brisbane, both.
But enthusiasm got away with their judgment. These were
the first to go. When they fai led, the American people, who
had hailed the new movement with great favor, suddenly lost
interest in it and declared the whole thing a fai lure. They
would no longer listen to agita tion or argument in its favor.
The result was that even the stronger communities went down
in rapid succession. Within a few years from the first collapse, all was gone, and the most evanescent and picturesque
of the American colony movements had become a thing of the
past.
Chapter V.
THE ICARIANS
E
fiENNE CABOT was a Frenchman · whose radicalism procured his banishment to · England. In this country he
became a student and writer of histories. His researches
led him to the conclusion that history was a story of neediess
calamity; and he evolved a scheme which he believedo, if adopt~d. would end the miseries of which he had read and written
so much. He presented his ideas in the story of an imaginary,
ideal society, which he described in a book entitled "A Voyage to lc«1-rta." This was published in F~ance in 1840. The
. old communards rallied to him, and he speedily gained a large .
·follo~it!g.
Persecution followed. But p rsecution increased
inrerest in his proposals. In 1847 it .was 'estimated th<~t there
were hundreds of thousands who believed in his ideas in
F ranee, Switzerland, Spain, Germany, England and o~her
countries. Challenged to prove his theo'ries by experiments,
and urged by his followers to do so, he called for ·volunteers
for a colonizing movement. · The response was ast~unding.
He himself declared that he believed a milllon might be rallied
to the movement. He went to England to consult the . aged
Robert Owen, and was told that he (Owen} had, after his ex. perience in Indiana, planned a big colony in Texas. Cabot determined to found his colony in Texas. Thou~ands offered to
join the first colony. From among these Cabot selected 69
and started them to America to prepare for a' la.rger company
that was to follow.
.
On arriving in America the lcarians fell into the hands of
land sharks. They purchased what they supposed to be a
million acres of land in Texas, only to discover that the deel:s
.were so worded that they really obtained only 10,240 acres,
and this land was in western Louisiana rather than Texas.
They supposed the land could be reached by boat., but found
that they had to travel ~erland, over a swamp country without roads for 150 miles from New Orleans. The trip exhausted
many. Many contracted fevers, and deaths became frequent.
Finally their one physician became insane.
In the meantime a republic had been proclaimed in France,
a nd the ls;arians t here were split with dissentions. Instead of
1500 coming to America in the second contingent, only 19
ca~e across. When they arrived at the huts that had been
bmlt on the colony properly, and saw how gloomy the prospect
looked, they advised an abandonment of the project. Dividing into three companies and taking different routes in order
to make surer of finding game sufficient to sustain all while
returning to New Orleans, the lcarians made a 'slow and painful m~rch , many being sick and four dying on the journey.
Arnved at New Orleans, they met a third contingent of
colonists and waited there for a fourth, which conta ined Cabot
himself. Explorers were sent out to discover a new a nd better
lo~al~on . It. was at this time Cabot hea rd that the land and
bmldmgs which the Mormons owned at Nauvoo, Ill., were for
sale cheap, on acco11nt of the opposition to the Mormons
having led to the killing of their leader, joseph Smith, at that
J?lace, and ~he Mormons, under Brigham Young, being determmcd to stnke out to the great west. The lcarians went to
Nauvoo by boat and purchased the Mormon property.
At Nauvoo the lcarians prospered. ·A thousand acres of
rented land were cultivated. Mills and shops were started and
schools established. They published a newspaper. They had
agen ts in Paris a nd other parts of Europe. They owned their
own theatre and had a stock company of lcarians; they had an
orchestra of fi fty pieces.
While things looked bright Cabot returned to France and
paid, as a debt' of honor, the losses some 'who had joined the
colony and 'then abandoned it had sustained. While abroad,
he was entertained by the aged Robert Owen. On returning
to America he was welcomed by statesmen and scholars
throughout the East as a philanthopist, and in speaking of his /
colony and its hopes he said: "The earth will be a fairy land;
the habitations palaces ; the labors of. the people mere pastimes; and their whole lives pleasant dreams."
On returning to Nauvoo, in a spirit of generosity , he, who
until this time had exercised dictatorial powers over the com·
munity, reorganized it as a pure democracy. It was not l~ng
however, before difficulties arose. Cabot then desired to reassume dictatorial powers that he
restore it to prpsperity. He was resisted. TJ.ae colony
bitterly divided.
(ContV Jed'; '>n Page 34)
/
'"
�Page eight
The
Internationalist
Saying What We Think
By Walter Pritchard Eaton
W
£
"
have never had free speech in America, and, in some
respects, ·less with each decade. I mean by that,
there have always been restraints, either by law or ·
opinion, on a man's utterances. Some of these restraints are
those of politeness or decency, and they grow more strict all
the time.
In the eighteenth century you could say many things before
women, for which you would get your head punched today.
In the early nineteenth century literary critics could kill Keats
with unkindness and sling venom and spite which today no
decent periodical would consent to print. On the other hand,
a century ago, it was far less .safe to say what you thought
about the code of orthodox Christianity. Even today, however, in most communities, public opinion makes it uncomfortable for a man to express religious views that go beyond Unitarianism, and there is a kind of hushed and fearsome taboo
against any outspoken criticism of the Roman Catholic church.
The result of this is, of course, ignorance and superstition
about the Roman church, underground and ridiculous attacks
upon it, and, in the Church itself, the kind of reaction such
attacks inevitably breed. The taboo against a fair, free, open
discussion of the Roman church in America is one of the
dangerous things in our country; and it is a product not of
respect for Catholic feelings, but a product of cowardly fear
on both sides.
Politically, we have always had a supposed right of free
speech, though such speech is, after all, but a small part of
man's expression. What the general sentiments of the community will not let him say is, normally, far more than what
the government would try to stop his saying in war time. For
instance, Scott Nearing probably found less real chance for
expression when he was a professor at Pennsylvania in peace
times than since he became the persecuted head of the People's
Council in war times. The so-called legal right to free speeLh,
that is, to free and full criticism and discussion of governmental problems, does not begin to cover the ground, and a
nation may conceivably give the fullest liberty of speech in
its constitution and yet, practically, through public sentiment,
greatly restrict its radicals, its thinkers, as well a~se-·
mouthed pests. There was never less free speech, probably, in
many lines, than in the New England of the Puritans.
Now, what I am trying to get at is this: Free speech, broadly
considered, really has very little to do with laws and constitutions, and a great deal to do with the temper, the spirit of
the people. If a people love truth for its own sake, have the
intellectual balance and sanity to listen to both sides of any
question, no matter iolow exciting the question may be, real
free speech will exist among them.
That is why, in a nation as intellectually childish as
America, free speech in war time is really impossible, a nd
would be if Solomon were Postmaster General instead of the
pre~ent incumbent. Free Speech depends on a national state
of mind. not on a set of officials. Burleson could today be
replaced, Congress could repeal all the powers of restriction
given him, but still. though a relatively few radical organs
WOULD break forth, the average man would be little more
outspoken' than he is now. The g;reat mass of the American
p.e<iple bel e in the justice of this war and they do not see
the other side f it. (I do not mean the German side by that,
for I, myself, can ,~ee no German side. I mean the side which
the ·
·.
· of all n?tions at war and the true
toiling 7es.)
i
\
Above all, the great bulk of the American people accept
childishly the creed "My Country, Right or Wrong," and believe that any discussion that takes ah imperson!ll or .international squint and looks deeper or more searchingly, is delaying action and an aid to the enemy. In other words, the
mass of people, under the aroused passions of battling nationalism, are pra'ctically incapable of real, intellectual discussion,
·and hence are intolerant of real free speech. Such laws as we
have enforced against free speech in the past year or more
could not have been enforced without a great majority sanction
behind them. That sanction would have operated without
the laws to repress speech, even if it did not impose such
material punishment on the speakers.
The editor of THE INTERNATIONALIST tells me that he
wonders how long the American people must wait to regain
their pre-war rights to "unmolested expression." Not a day
after the American people WANT unmolested expression, and
not a day before! In the present state of civilization, they
will not want it, in all probability, while the war lasts, unless
the war should bring great suffering. They may not want it
after the war, even,_should the mad whirligig of events now
MAY DAY
Holy Day of human BrotherhoodThat now seems like a tragic mockery
Because, alas, we have not understood
'lfhe forces that are yet to make us free!
Like Springtime breaking through the vernal bond,
When nature fills the world with new-born pow'r,
You urge us to the hope that lies Beyond,
In keeping with the spirit of the hour.·
Your insipration fans the passion flame
That burns so deep within the rebel soul,
And strengthens us to press the common aim
Which leads along the way to Freedom's goal.
We consecrate again your sacred ties
That bind us to a dream sometime must be
A crowning friumph from which shall arise
The coming world of true Fraternity.
-WILLIAM ]. FIELDING.
going on bring about the class struggle as the great issue.
Then the ruling class and its vast supporting army of the
middle class will still prefer privilege to discussion.
Free speech is the ideal right of every man. It is the actual
right only so far as he can maintain it and so far as the
passions of the community support him. Free speech implies, usually, something potentially uncomfortable. Somebody may always be about tli emit a new truth or attack an
old one, which compels thought and readjustment. Your average man hates thought and loathes readjustment. So if
your free .speech makes him so uncomfort!lble, he will always
do his best to make YOU UNCOMFORTABLE until you shut
.
up.
But, on the other hand, the average man does have a sense
of fair play. and so long as he is not too stirred by war
passiOns, he hesitates to resort to force in suppression. just
�I)
The
Internationalist
China And The Social Revolution
By Kiang K an g H u, National Secretary, Socialist Party of China.
T
HE idea of Collectivism or Socialism is very old in China.
It can be traced back to the very begin!lin.g of Chipese
civilization, over four thousand years ago.
When about a decade ago, modern Socialist thought began
to be propagated in China, it met with two sets of critics, each
holding opposite views, yet each equally severe in their criticism of the new doctrine. One set said, "Socialism, why that is
nothing new; we have had that for ages." The other set said,
"Socialism is an importation. It is foreign to our soil. It
may fit European conditions but it certainly does not fit Chjnesc conditions." ·
Both of these critics were partially correct and 'yet, because
of their narrow view, both were -wrong. True, the traces of
communistic thought are to be found in Chinese life and history for centuries. But their ideas are distinctly Utopian in
their character and cannot be identified with modern scientific
Socialism. True, likewise, was it at that time (a decade ago)
that scientific or Marxian Socialism was an imported plant
which could not flourish in Chinese soil. But China is changing. Machine production is rapidly displacing handicraft.
Where yesterday stood the little cobbler shop, today, the great
shoe factory rears its ugly form. Where yesterday the coolie
porter trotted with his burden, the automobile truck rushes
on its way. Railroads have come, and power looms. This is
the soil in which scientific Socialism will grow. Nothing can
slop it.
The Chinese, like the whole human race, have natural
collectivist leanings. If we mine into the mountain of Chinese
philosophy, we will soon find a rich vein of collectivism running throughout, persisting throughout its entire length and
breadth. Material enough is at hand to fill a bulky volume.
Greatest of all Chinese philosophers is Confucious. Says
this sage: "All mankind is a brotherhood. More than that,
they are even as the parts Gi, one body, of which you cannot
injure the slightest without giving pain to the whole." Again,
he says: "Equality is the ideal of society." And again: "The
well-bei1ig and stability of a nation lies not in its wealth, but
in the equal distribution of that wealth among its people."
In the last decade. here and there, . were to be found in- ·
dividuals and small groups scattered throughout the Empire
of China who studied and advocated Humanitariani~m. Communi m and .Socialism: But these groups had no connection
with one another, and their ideas, for the most part, were
·
vague and misty.
Kiang Kang Hu, a professor at the University of Peking,
' as publishing a radical newspaper which had for its aim the
he is using force. That, as I see it, is a practically inevitable result of war, against which the real weapon is the
slow, persistent pread of international thinking. Already, it
may be, international thinking in America is breaking dowl! a
little the restriction of . force. It seems to me there is ... perceptible increase of UNPUNISHED radicalism in press and
platform talk. But to expect our· pre-war rights to be fully
restored while the war is in progress is to expect a whole nati9n. mad~ mrea-onable by anG.ient passions, -to become suddenly reasonable with calm intdlectual detachment and to.
put mind over matter, logic over purse and patriotism.
uch thing simply don't happen. To make them happen
i one of the great, shining, distant goals towards whi~.h the
dreamers of the rid are striving.
110\
introduction of new· ideas into . China. This paper translated
and published portions of the works of Balzac, of Victor Hugo,
Byron and Shelley, Goethe and Heine, and towards the end of
its career, some of the works of Peter Kropotkin, Karl Marx
and August BebeL : . Kiang Kang Hu, thus coming into contact with Socialism,
became inte~ested and finally was converted to the new doctrine. He began an agitation for the freedom of woman immediately and went on many lecture tours in the interest · of
Socialism.
lq Shangh~i. on july 10, 1911, at the .Chang Shu Ho Gardens, Kia ng Kang Hu organized a Socialist- Club, and on the
same day the first Socialist paper in China, "The Socialist
Star •." mad~ its first appearance.
'The Shih Hui Tong, or Socialist party, was 'the first political 1 rty as such in China. The Socialist party, · although
not bemg composed of clear-cut Marxians, was nevertheless
earnest and enthusiastic in its desire for the establishment of
a Socialist Republic. On November 5, 1911, the Socialist
party of China met in its first annual -Convention at Shanghai
and adopted a preamble and a platform.
In considering the platform of the Socialist party of China,
we must remember the particular historic and economic conditions of that country. China is still partly submerged in the
handicraft stage of economic development. Only portions of
China have emerged into the machine process of production,
or Capitalism. And this further fact must be borne in mind:
China has an immense agricultural population, among whom
there are a great many tenants and absentee landlords. Historically, China had just awakened from an age-long lethargic
. sleep and it was more or less bewildered by the white light of
dawning day.
The eight planks of the platform were as follows:
I. The establishment of a Republican form of government.
2. The wiping out <>f all racial differences.
3. The aboli.tion of all the remaining forms of feudal
slavery and the establishment of the principle of equal
ity before the law.
4. The abolition of all h-e reditary estates.
5. Free and universal shoo! system, on· co:.educational
lines, together with free text-books and the feeding of
school children.
6. The abolition _of all titles and castes.
7. To levy taxes in the main upon land and to do away
with all personal taxes.
.,
8. The abolition of the army and navy.
The subsequent revolutions in China played havoc with the
Socialists. The secretary of the party, Chen Ye Long, was
beheaded on August 8. The party headquarters at Peking
were raided by the government authorities and a decree of
dissolution was issued against the Socialist paf!Y. A similar
·
decree was issued later.
After these decrees had been issued, the Socialist party
branches everywhere were forcibly dissolved. Many of dre
comrades were thrown in jaiJ and a number were executed.
The party, as a unit, ceased to exist,. although individuals
secretly kept up a sporadic agitation.
But the Socialist movem~nt in · China will reassemble
forces, and will fall in step with the 6feat Red lntema~~"'
and march with it to victol}'. · .
.
.~
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�'!
Page ten
The
Highlands For Health
"I'D
LIKE to come to Louisiana, but, oh, the malaria!
just couldn't risk my health there."
Every mairbrings a wail of this kind in at least one
letter. Louisiana has -been adversely advertised: It's climate
is described by one ex-California enthusiast as being equal to
California, Southern California, too ! lfs healthfulness is second to no part of the country. Not even the high, dry air of
the desert can claim advantage over the Highlands of Louis~
1ana.
This is an extreme statement. But it has a firm foundation
in truth. Every "oldest inhabitant" of this district is rugged
and strong . . All agree that the place is a healthful one in
which to live. Even person s who have been troubled with lung
weaknesses. and bronchial weaknesses have found the climate
here beneficial.
.
"Louisiana is a state of varied conditions. It has its swampy
district, and it is these districts that have been told of in song
and story, in descriptive accounts, and in na rrative. They
lend themselves naturally to such accounts. Therefore, they
have figured largely in them. Longfellow takes Evangeline
through the swamps of Louisiana and in the endless inter-connected bayous (say it by-o) she passes Basil without knowing
it. Every child reads the wonderful story of "Evangeline,"
and the description of the bayous and swamps and the lowlands of Louisiana remain firmly in mind. Hence Louisiana
became a land of dismal swamps and is remembered as such.
Its Highlands are unadvertised. No Evangeline has yet brought
them to the notice of the world.
The Highlands of Louisiana are well drained. There is no
standing water. There are no alligators. Few indeed, are the
mosquitoes. Malaria is unknown, almost. Yellow fever never
gets clo~er than several hundred miles. The Highland district of Louisiana will compare favorably for health conditions
with any part of the United States. This statement can stand
unqualified. It is a pleasant and a healthful place to li;e, a
land where opportunity is just beginning to show herself, where
she is now timidly knocking, and where doors are still shut to
her. But the lapping is arousing a few. The day of the Highlands is just dawning.
There is the scent of the pines in the Highlands, the balm.
of health in the breeze that blows from them. Came to the
Highlands not .long ago, several persons who had been ordered
by physicians to live in the high, dry atmosphere of California.
They had been told that continued health depended upon it.
Yet these J1ersons are better here than there.
Hundreds of miles of the Highlai1~h have been covered with
timber, the famous long leaf pine, oak, gum, beech, and many
other kinds of timber, many of them valuable . . Now the timber
is fast disappearing. High prices have placed a premium on
it and the great mills are taking the trees as fast as labor can
cut them down. This is the lumberman's harvest, and he is
not blind to the opportunity. Rapidly the parishes of Western
Louisiana are being denuded. The era of the real builder of
wealth is just setting in. The land smiles beneath the warm
Southern sun and lies waste, waiting for the coming of the
plow. The eyes of the North, stimulated by the memory of
one of the bitterest winters that history records, are turning to
the South where land is cheap, where fuel is plentiful, where
Nature rewards instead of hinders.
·
Few can believe what a hospitable land it is. Sliohtly rolling, with rich bottoms between the low, undulatin; hills, it
offers months of good grazing to the livestock man. Instead of
the one crop a season, the southern farmer plans on two. His
nr<\h••·tu
' •n against the elemen~.:.-'are slight.
His equipment is
I
k
•
lnterpationali$t
ridiculously small. His methods are, in the eyes of the thoroughgoing northern farmer, slipshod to a degree. Yet the
farmers of the South fare exceedingly well, do not work hard,
and the bank reports show splendid average · balances, well
dist-ributed. It is a land so rich in opportunity that failure is
- almost iiiiJ>Ossible.
.
·
. · Though there are comparatively few farms here, for this has
been tpe lumberman's paradise instead of the .farmers,· yet agriculture has been carried on here for many years, and within
a few miles of the colony may be found men who have lived
here all their lives, who have tilled the soil for forty years or
more, and who boast of the big families they have ra-ised here.
It is safe to say that a farm that will raise a family of a dozen
children is a good farm, or at least that is the firm belief of
the South, and it seems sound enough. There are many north·
ern farms that fail to do this.
The Highlands are beautiful. This does not tell the story.
Perhaps words will always fail to do so. - The vegetation is
largely the source of this beauty. Against tbe straight, slim
pines with . their dark green, are massed the -lighter blended
greens of the oak, beech, gum, hickory, and other trees. The
ground beneath is a carpet of grass where the sun can get
through the leaves of the trees above. Springs and creeks
abound. Flowers are ··seen ev-erywhere a nd the air is filled with
the hum of bees. Those who appreciate natural beauty find
themselves without words to express their emotions. Those of
more practical turn of mind see in the flowers more than .
beauty, for they picture the development of the bee industry.
Those who see beyond the mere greenery of the grass imagine
in their minds fields of clover and alfalfa, wi sleek da:•-t:t~IWST-...
and sheep and hogs in the fields . Those who
the practical with the b~autiful see in the t
that will make building material, or furnish e legs and arms
.rind backs of chairs, or which may be conve ed into a myriad
of uses.
There's something in the Highlands of Louisiana for all.
There is health for the sick, there is wealth for the industrious,
there is beauty for those of artistic perceptiqns. California's
climate without irriga tion, California's beauty made accessible
to more people, California's hospitality enhanced-.:.these are
the inducements that the heretofore little-known Highlands of
Western Louisiana hold out to those who seek homes.
The Highlands for Health, the Highlands for Wealth, the
Highlands for Opportunity! Bees, trees, flowers, arable lands,
long seasons, abundant fuel, diversity of crops-a mere des- .
cription of the great Highlands reads like an advertisement.
But the proofs are ample, are to be found everywhere, and it
is only because these proofs have never been presented to land
seekers that the opportunity has so long gone undiscovered.
This, and the additional fact that the land has been and still
is held in great tracts that would noi. be broken up, has kept
settlers out. The wealth has either been held in timber or
has remained as mere potentiality and not as a real asset.
Only now is the entering ~edge being driven into what will in
a few years be one of the richest agricultural districts of the
South, if not of the United States.
Farmers from well-tilled districts in the North and West
a re astonished at what they see here. Instead of broad highways they find winding roads through the woods. Pole barns,
and in many cases, pole houses are living quarters·and protec-tion for livestock and implements, such protection as is given.
The universal implement is an eight-inch plow drawn by one
mule. This is so that it may be easily guided about the stumps.
Land is tilled year after year with the stumps left in the
·'
•
�\'
The
Internationalist
.
Page deven
ground: Small horses, small mules, small wagons, small equip- A large acreage of com, peanuts, and velvet beans, will give
ment, small farms, and large families-these are the accepted food and fe;d. This with the cane a-nd garden stuff should
thing throughout much of the cotton belt. The southern farm- make it possible for the colony to set a good table largely from
er does not strive for wealth. He is content with a living, and its own products. Gardening, both private and collective, is
it must be admitted that he gets it and it is a good and plenti- very popular and heavy yields are promised.
ful one, notwithstanding the apparent primitiveness of his
Only those who come here and. see for themselves can reequipment and methods. It is the bounteousness o~ Nature alize the wonderful prospects ·and the splendid opportunities.
that does it, and no premium is set on an undue expenditure Either as· a colonist or as an individual landowner, this region
of energy.
· ·
invites the investigator. Industrially, too, there are promises
The Llano Colony has probably the largest tilled field in . of ·profit, promises of development along lines that have never
Vernon Parish, notwithstanding that this is the first year, and · been attempted heretofore. It requires only a little time to
there were ma ny thin gs to be done, such as clearing and fenc~ make the colony the center of an activity that shall turn waste
lands and waste products into wealth to be s~ared by those
ing tha t required a big initial outlay in labor. The several
hundred acres tha t will be under fence and cultivation within who produce it in the proportion into which they enter into
·
a few weeks, are the source of much interest. The value of the this production.
· Louisiana, the wouderful, rich in her opportunities, lavish in
!and has ben much enhanced hy reason of this la bor. Corn,
peanuts, and ga rden a re pla nted. Ga rden stuff is now being her promises, generous in her invita tion, Louisiana, .Queen of
served on the table twice a day: Ca ne is sprouting and the the South , has been misunderstood, unappreciated, overlooked
assurance of plenty of good cane syrup for the hotca kes next i1} the sear~h for homes. just now her resources are begining to have its effect. Louisia na, the satisfied, is beginning to
fall is a pleasing prospect. The South is expected to feed itself this yea r, a nd the colony is ma king prepa ra tions to do its awake into Louisia na , the aggressive, ready and anxious to
pa rt in this progra m. No cotton is to be pla nted. The o rig- prove her superiority as a home place, and to display her many
1
inal intention was to put out a good acreage to cotton, but it luxurious cha rms.
Louisiana invites. She also provides!
was decided to concentrate on food production this season.
Impressions of the Colony
By A
I
Northerner
CAME, I saw, a nd- I was convinced' I was convinced
by what I saw with my own eyes and hea rd with my own
ears, and otherwise learned through the undeniable testimony of my several sen ses.
I was already satisfi ed that co-opera tion , either "in small
communities or on a larger scale, is thoroughiy pr~c\icabl e .
But to believe this is one thin g. To see the principle actually
in successful opera tion is quite anothe r. And now, ha ving
seen, heard a nd felt, all the sophistry in the· world cannot
shake the stability of my conviction.
I found in the Llano del Rio Co-ope rative Colony at Sta bles,
Louisia'na, a well-systema tized, sanely-managed community of
people of all sorts, classes, ages, and conditions who a re really
proving that a co-opera tive colony is a more desirable place
in which to live, tha n is the ordina ry town or city in which
John Smith and Bill · Brown are both scra mbling for the same
dollar, and in which, if Smith gets the doll a r, Brown is likely
to go hungry. There was no long-haired. fanati cism, no endless
oratory by perpetual speech-makers, no outlandish outbursts
by unbalanced theorists-nothin g of the kind. There was,
however, the evidence everywhe re of serious, earnest purpose
on the part of every man and woman in the colony. All
were plainly devoted to the ideal of socia lism. All we re doin g
their share to translate that ideal into a tangible thing. All
were workin g industriously, quietly, unostentatiously, but with
a joy and an enthusiasm that are quite different from the
weary resignation of the wage slave who toils for another's
profit.
Kickers may kick, knockers my knock, slanderers spurred
on by plutocratic pay may SRill their venom, but all the kicking and knocking and . ~ in the world won't ma ke the
slightest impression on the ma n who has visited the colony
and found for himself .that it is a genuine success. Pe rsonal
observation affords the only kind of information that is worth
a tinker's whistle. That is the-icind of information that I
determined to get. And having gotten it, my mind is abou t
as firmly settled on this point as it is on the spheroid shape
of the earth or a ny other fact which no sensible person
presumes to dispute.
The colony IS a success. Six months from now it will be a
still bigger success. A yea r from now it will be developed to
a point which is diffic ult to imagine. But, waiving consideration of the future, THE COLONY IS A SUCCESS RIGHT
NOW AND IS RIGHT NOW AN IDEAL PLACE IN WHICH
TO LOCATE.
The clima te is as nea r perfect as this old planet a ffords,
if my travels have ta ught me a nything. The air is uniformly
balmy and fragra nt. Gentle bree;t,es from ea rly spring until
lat·e a utumn stir the leaves of the trees, but never chill those
who live in this ·delightful region of etern al summer. In the
mid-winte r, so inhaoita nt s tell me, occasional frost and a few
sna ppy mo rnin gs are the nearest a pproach of bitter blasts of
the f rozcn a nd snowy north .
The colo:1y is located o n a n ave rage a ltiiude of 300 feet
a bove sea lcvei. The place seems one of the healthiest I
e ver slopped in. It is as free from pests, plagues and insects
as the most highly recommended town in the north. Nature's
endless youth seemed to ha ve left its impress on all living
there, fo r I did not see il sic kly or feeble person in the colony.
lf the fo untain which El Dorado vainly sought, is a material
reality, it must be hidden somewhere in the verdant luxury of
Llnno ~hrubbcry o r shrouded by some of the clusterin g vines
a nd sta tely trees th at give beauty a nd majesty to the place.
For the colonists are uniformly healthy, active and well preserved.
On the magnificent tract of 20,000 ac.res which the colony
occupies in part, are a lready a machine shop, printshop, hotel,
store, school, a nd public hall, cottages, and numerous other .
buildings either pa rtly or ..wholly completed: A bakery is being
constructed of brick, one o f the buildings is. soon to be made
into a hospital , a nd a n office building is already in use. Free
medicnl attenda nce, free dances, free musical and elocutionary
entertainments a nd free instruction in languages,
a nd other subjects a re orovided member$ of the
�Page twelve
The
ery member is guaranteed employment, and furnished free a
cottage in which to live, unless he prefers to live at the hotel
where meals are served for 12Yz cents each.
The warmth of the climate, the excellent health conditions,
and the remarkable productivity of the soil on which huge
crops of vegetables, fruits ·and peanuts are being raised this
season, impressed me particularly. Here one can live-not exist, but LIVE the free, joyous, normal life Nature intendedwithout fear of lockouts, strikes, rent bills, and all the other
calamities of thecapitalistic system. All a man needs to do .
is to join the colony and to work at his chosen or' ;illotted wor~
eight hours a day in a delightful climate under health-giving
conditions and with the friendliest, most neighborly lot of fellow-workers I ever saw. Persons so doing, are assured a livelihood amid the most congenial surroundings that right-minded,
human people can desire. ·
The exemplification of the princi!Jie of brotherhood, however, impressed me more than anything else. Climate conditions and physical characteristics of different places naturally
vary. But human nature is about the same the world over."
So if co-operation can succeed in Louisiana, it can succeed in
Klondike or Siberia or anywhere else, for that matter.
THEREIN LIES THE IMPORTANT FACT CONCERNING
THE LLANO COLONY. It proves that Socialism and cooperation, instead of being golden dreams of an impossible
ideal, are facts of evolution that are slowly-slowly, because
of human ignorance and selfishness-transforming industrial
and political conditions all about us.
This transformation is already in process. It is paving the
way for the Great Change, here, there and everywhere. In
most places its effects, so far, are scarcely noticeable. But in
the Llano colony at Stables, the transformation is a present,
living fact that has changed the lives of several hundred men,
women and children, is influencing thousands of others in all
parts of the world, . and will, if I mistake not, provide the
foundation on which the Super-Civilization of Co-operation
and Brotherhood will securely rest.
I visited Llano Colony. I am satisfied . And I am going
there to live as soon as I can make arrangements for moving.
In going, I am actuated, naturally, by several motives,
among which are the disires to live in so beautiful a land, under summer skies and near to Nature's heart; to have the comforts of life without engaging in ceaseless strife and selfish
struggle for them; and to lind freedom and fellowship with
kindred souls who ask· no more for themselves than they are
willing to grant all the rest of mankind. But greater even than
these incentives is the hope that in joining this band of pioneers
in the cause of ·universal Liberty, I ~m helping make the community which shall prove to be the mother colony of the millions of similar co!OJ1ies that will some day cover the earth.
Not only will my family and I have food and shelter and
clothing and protection and the opportunity to work for the
joy of working instead of for greedy gain, but we shall be
privileged to do a perhaps important part in building for that
Better Day whose Glorious Dawn is even now brightening the
tired, toiling millions of a work-worn world.
That is why I am going to Llano Colony. Could I have
better reason?
--()---'--
- The United States of America is on the verge of revolution- political
social and industriaL- Linn A. E. Gale, "Gale's Magazine."
- Milk suitable for domestic purposes should not exceed I ,000,000 Lac·
teria per c. c.- D. Houston, "Better Business," Ireland.
- The ~real difficulty in the ordinary 'family is that we have too many
of food for one meal, and that there is neither the time nor the
prepare so many things in the best manner.-Maria Farloa, "Cen·
lntern~tionalist
Are We Consistent?
Sailendra Nath Chose, a Hindu revolutionist, . has been
arrested in the United States for organizing an army of Hindus
to rebel against British rule in India. It is said that Chose
violated a provision of the Espoinage act by representing
himself as a diplomatic commissioner of the India Nationalist
party.
Notwithstanding the alleged illegality of Chose's procedure,
it ·cannot be gainsaid that his propaganda is one that should
be heartily approved by every true revolutionist. Nowhere
has there been such a well-organized attempt to hold in servile subjection millions of people in order .to fill the coffers of
the ruling classes. The sickening stench of corrupt British rule
in India is one of the foulest blots on the pages of history.
If the United States is not hypocritical in its advocacy of
world democracy, it will cease punishing such men as Chose,
and even lend them moral and financial :assistance in effecting
their plans of emancipating the submerged workers of India.
-A.S.
.
How Not To Abolish Prostitution
Oklahoma City is driving out its prostitutes. Every rooming
house and hotel in the city is being purged of women of the
underworld. Virtue is to be preserved by additions to the
police force.
This is another illustration of the absurd direct actionist
methods of our psuedo-reformers. They strike savagely at
the outward manifestations of the evil, but are oblivious to
the basic causes. They fail to see that for every prostitute
they suppress, the capitalist system of poverty and exploitation
is creating another. Even if these gentlemen could kill every
prostitute that now lives, a few years hence there would be
the same army of unfortunates.
And have these lickers of the outside of the platter realized
that when they drive the women out of their cities, they are
not solving the problem to the slightest extent, but are merely
passing an additional burden to neighboring cities?
Remake the social system under which we live. Make
poverty impossible. Guarantee every girl a good education.
With this done, the problem of the prostitute will rapidly disappear.- A. S.
Liars Do Figure
The "Kansas City Star," on its editorial page, quotes with
approval the sentiment contained in Genesis ix, 6, "Whoso
sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in
the image of God made He man."
We believe that we have heard of a well-known character
going under the name of J esus Christ, who made the remark
that "if thy neighbor smite thee upon one cheek, turn to him
the other." And, "if a man take they cloak, give him thy
coat also." Again, "if a man compel thee to go with .him' a
mile, go with him twain."
It seems to us that our kept press will have to re-write the
New Testament if it wishes to prove· Christ to have been an
exponent of war and militarism.-A. S.
---o--The greatest labor crisis in our history will be upon us at the termination of the war.- " Better Business," Ireland.
- The Bolshevik is may be insane, but they are incapable of the nausea tin~: treason to liberty and fraternity which lies at the door of the
American government- William Thurston Brown, "Modern School Magazine...
�•
The
Internationalist
Page thirteen
Modern Religious Movements:
No. 3
The ·Spirit Teaching of India
By Swami Pa-r amana n d a
I
F God is the common origin of all living beings, what takes whatever form we desir~. But under whatever form we
causes the differences we see among nations and races and worship Him, we shall all reach the same God. · "All men are
creeds?
Does God create them? No. He is never struggling along paths that ultimately lead to Me," the Lord
partial; He does not bestow more on one than another. He declares in the J3hagavad-Gita.
~ According to Vedanta, the attainment of union with God
loves all His children equally. It is we ourselves who create
them. As a worldly father offers various gifts to his children is th'e aim of human life. Forgetfulness of our true nature
and lets each child choose according to his inclination, so or Godhead is the source of all misery. Yet we can never be
the Supreme Father lays the whole world before us-both the robbed of this Divine birthright. No amount of wrong-doing
world of thought and the world of physical attractions-and can destroy it. Our misdeeds may bli.n.d o"'r inner sight and
we, His children, are allowed to choose whatever we want. make. us suffer, but we are sure at last to realize our Divinity
But we must naturally reap the result of our choice. It is this and be freed from all bondage. If, however, we all possess
difference in the choice of gifts from God which distinguishes the same germ of Divinity within us, what is the cause of all
the Orient from the Occident. From time immemorial the the inequality we see? Why is one born happy and another
East has chosen the spiritual life, while the West has always miserable, one intelligent and another dull? The · difference
striven for material power. As a result of her choice the lies in the degree of manifestation or unfoldment of the same
East has always exercised a strong religious influence on the Divine power, which makes one great in wisdom and enables
world. This is especially true of India, who gave to China him to go through the varying conditions of life with courage
and Japan their dominan( form of religion; and through the and serenity; while another, whose mind is veiled, constantly
Essene even layed her hand on Christianity. It will be re- makes mistakes and suffers. God does not send happiness to
membered that John the Baptist was an Essene, and more and one soul, and grief to another arbitrarily. The Hindus do
more are scholars coming to recognize that the Order of the not blame an invisible Providence for all the suffering in the
Essenes sprang up through the influence of Buddhist monks, world; but they explain it through the natural law of cause
who were sent out over the known world in the Third century and effect.
If a man is born fortunate or wretched, there must be some
B. C. by the great Indian Emperor Asoka.
But although India has been "the cradle of the human race reason for it ; if therefore we cannot find the cause for it in
and the native land of the highest philosophy," to use the this life, it must have occurred in some previous existence,
words of the eminent French writer, Victor Cousin, yet she since no effect is possible without a cause. Whatever good
has never claimed a monopoly ofT ruth. On the contrary, she comes to us we must· have earned, and whatever evil there is
has insistently declared that "Truth is one, though men call must be the result of our own past mistakes. But as our
it by various names" (Rig-Veda). It is self-existent and not present has been shaped by our past; 1 so our future will be
limited by or dependent on country, nation or individual molded by our present; and if we direct our P'resent enerauthority. Neither can it be the exclusive property of any gies with whole-hearted earnestness towards counteracting the
one people or period. If it was true even in the most remote results of past actions, we can make our future better and
past, it must be equally true today and through the ages to . brighter. This is the Law of Karma, whatever we sow we
must reap. An apple tree cannot be produced from a mango
come.
The root religion of India is known as Vedanta, coming seed, nor a mango tree from an appleseed. If a person
from the Sanskrit words "Veda" (wisdom) and "anta" (end) spends his life in evil thinking and wrong-doing, then it is
and means "supreme wisdom." It is not based on any per- useless for him to look for happiness; similarly, a man who
sonality, but on the fundamental principles of life; therefore thinks and acts wisely cannot help but reap happiness, which
it is the common property of the whole human race. It repre- none can take away from him. The nature of sin or wrongsents no special book or set of doctrines, but explains the living is to make the veil which separates us from God thicker;
eternal facts of Nature. As the source of · all things it rec- the nature of right-living is to make the veil thinner and
ognizes one Supreme Being, one Law, one Essence, called by thinner.
The theory of evolution is entirely based on the Law of
the Sages . "Existence-Absolute, Knowledge-Absolute, BlissAbsolute." Out of that One has· come the whole man.ifested Karma and leads by a logical necessity to the theory of Reuniverse. He dwells in the heart of every being as conscious- incarnation. Vedanta recognizes that the idea of evolution
ness; from the minutest atom to the highest mortal, He is is not complete, if confined only to material phenomena. It
present everywhere. Without Him there cannot be anything. must also extend through the higher realms of man's spiritual
He is or.e without a second; there cannot be more than one consciousness. It is necessary for every living being to conInfinite, since infinity means boundless, secondless. Such is tinue to evolve until the germ of perfection latent in him
the Vedic conception of 'God; and the realization of this God had reached its full expression; and this requires many lives
is the ultimate goal of its teaching.
and many forms of experience. The Soul of man, however,
Although One, this Supreme Being appears before us in is not subject to change. It is birthless, deathless, and immany forms. An ln'finite Being must ·have infinite paths lead- mortal. "The Soul is not born, neither does it die," the
ing to Him. Hence He is sometimes personal and sometimes Bhagavad-Gita tells us. The body decays but not the dweller
impersonal. Those who seek Him as impersonal realize Him in the body. Death is nothing but going from one house to
as the Higher Self or Soul in all beings; but to those who· another. Karma has no power over the real Self
man; it
cannot follow so abstract an Ideal, He appears as a Personal binds only the apparent man. Immortality again inevitably
God, a God of infinite love, infinite beauty, the source of all pre-supposes pre-existence, since eternity cannot extend in one
blessed qualities. With these He establishes the personal re- direction only. It is evident that that which has no end can
lationship of loving Mother, loving Father or Friend; He
(Continued on Page 36)
of-
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Page fourteen
The
Internationalist
Do You Need An Adjustment?
8y
Ro b e r t
O
. . .,
NE day a · stiff-necked, erect and very thin man walked
into my Chiropractic office and in a voice indicative of
a month's debauch, wheezed out: "Are you the bone·
cracking doctor?"
.
Looking him over a few moments for . visible signs of pros·
perity and satisfyi ng myself that it was asthma and not .
whiskey that was talking, I replied in the affirmative.
Leading him into my adjustment room, I bade him sit
down and tell me his interesting story.
He interrupted himself about every ten words with a lung·
scraping cough that sounded like sand-paper being rubbed
over a rusty hoop. After he had exhausted himself and
gasped frantically fo r a ir for a minute or two, he sat up and
looked sympat hetically at me, and whispered, between gasps,
that he would pay good money if I could cure him.
Sympathy and cupidity struggled within me for a n instant
but sympa thy won.
I assured him that he had an agg ravated case of bronchitis
and that I could cure him a lmost at once.
He was cheered and left the office breathing quite freely
and promised to return next day for a first treatment.
This was durin g my early chiropractic days. I was cocksure and pitied all doctors not of my radical type and took
every occasion to belittle the old-line doctors, and especially
despised the osteopaths who at this time were swinging some·
what over to the chiropractic and stealing some of the movements held sacred by the newe r school.
The new chiropractor is a queer bird. With little experience a nd lots of theory, he's about as intolera nt as a new
convert to socialism. He reads with disdain records of cures
by the knife, derides Christian Science, hypnotism and drug
medication as mere bunk, a nd ma kes himself about as deJ
sirable and tolerable as a Holly Roller in a convention of
Methodist divines.
Whenever he hears of a friend taking medicine he boils,
and bids him throw away the cursed stuff and to ta ke an
adjustment and get well. If the friend refuses to follow the
advice and continues to gurgle down medicines,· he becomes
..suspicious of him and almost hopes that he will get hold of
the wrong bottle. ·
In the early days chiropractic would cure anything, Kiphosis, lordosis and scoliosis- that is, humpback, inward
curve and lateral curvature of the spine-are perfectly easy
to correct. All one needs to do is to adjust above or below
the a ffected vertebra and within a few days the backbone will
be as of old.
·
The young chiropractor doesn't see the need of people
going about with deformed bodies. He watches ill-shapen,
half-useless people struggling along and wonders if general
intelligence , and. especially knowledge of chiropractic, will
ever obtain. Pityingly he passes the days. But experience
comes, a more dubious turn of mind settles down, and when
he finally finds that many of these deformities do not yield,
he grows more patient, less intolerant and becomes philo.-..)
sophical.
But to return to our patieot. In the meantime I ·learned
that he was a chrooic ; had ankylosis of the spine-that is
growing together of the joints-'-Was asthmatic, had indigestion, suffered from vertigo, regurgitation of the heart, pyloric
weakness, stiff-neck, enjoyed enteroptosis and wore false
eth.
e had been ill thirty years, had been a patient of every
)
K. W illi a m s
doctor in the city, all of whom pronounced him incurable,
yet-I guaranteed to cure him. He had not tried chiropractic.
Wheri he stretched out on the table he was a funny-looking
thing. In addition to the troubles mentioned, he had a
pigeon ·breast, one hip was higher than the other, he had
.been operated on for appendicitis, both tonsils had been fe·
moved and turbinates sawed out, and his eyes were not mates.
I lifted him up easily and gently fiixed his pigeon breast
on the softest part of a sawdust pillow and proceeded to ·pick
out the most likely spot to affect an immediate cure. As all
the bones were wrong, some grown together, and all making
a fine zig-zag paling fence, it was hard to select . the proper
one.
. I picked one I thought least likely to kill him, gave a downward thrust and succeeded in making him groan and cough.
He coughed considerably and 'grew too weak to .resist, so I
thought it would be a capital idea to break up the stiffness
in his neck at this time. I twisted his neck but it was as rigid
as a chair leg. I was able to produce intense pain. Before
he could defend himself I tried the other side, with worse results. The pain, if anything was added to. He almost rolled
off the adjusting table. He grabbed his neck as a fellow
grabs his jaw, when he is suffering from the toothache. He
sat up and wheezed heavily. I then tried the vibrator and the
gentle massage soothed him and he left feeling well.
He kept coming back, gaining confidence each time till I
finally tried adjustments again. I only succeeded in making
him swear. However, he had faith.
After a month of trying to loosen his bones, I came to the
conclusion that I wasn't experienced enough and sought my
friend across the hall. This chiro. had a hand as big as a
ham, and great, bony fingers capable of lifting vertebras out
by the roots.
For a week I prevailed on my patient to let my friend
adjust his neck. Finally he consented after my repeated asgurance that it wouldn't hurt.
Telling the doctor with the capable hands how stiff my
patient's neck was, he grinned and said: " Bring him on. I've
never seen a neck that I couldn't adjust."
Leading my patient over as if to slaughter, he trustingly
laid his head in my friend's big palm and closed his eyes. l
placed my knee against his body and closed · my eyes also.
Dr. K's larger and more powerful right hand was firmly
placed on the jaw, which practically covered the patient's
face. He gave the peculiar twist and a shudder went through
me. A grating of dry bones was heard, accompanied by
moans of anguish, and before my suffering client could kic!C
himself off the table, Dr. K. gave the other side a twist
thoroughly removing all ankylosis.
My patient rolled to the floor despite my efforts and groan·
ed and writhed in torment. When the pain subsided he got
up and, strange to say, he could freely move his neck. He
wouldn't speak to me for a week. But, up to the time he
died, a few weeks a fterward from s.trAngulati.o n, he could
move his neck.
Chiropractic is a wonderful thing. A lady was directed to
me. She had been suffering from Angina Pectoris for fifteen
years. She had been to Europe and had consulted eminent
neurologists in America as well. She had spent $16,000 in
quest of surcease from pain. In ten seconds I had the fourth
dorsal adjusted and she hasn't had a heart pain since. She
�· The
Internationalist
still owes me $2.
After adjustments, I induced sixty school teachers to lay
aside glasses. I've always thought they didn't need them . .
A chiropractor is a handy thing to have around the house.
A friend of mine, who hardly knows anything, learned to adjust. He visited a town for the purpose of starting a lodge.
The man he wanted to see was crippled with lumbago. He
couldn't stand. He realized unless this man got well he would
have to walk back home. So, taking his information in his
hands, he adjusted his client, using two chairs as "- table.
Immediately the man arose, and among other things said,
"I am well." My friend made over $80 in commissions that .
·
night.
The spine is the central axis of the skeleton. It is co~
posed of 26 superimposed bones, called vertebra, meaning
"capable of turning." It encloses and protects the spinal
cord in the bony canal, which is provided with a series of
thirty intervertebral foramina on each side for the exit of
the spina:J n~rves. The average length, from Atlas to tip of
Coccyx is 28 inches in man and 27 inches in woman. About
one-quarter of its length is made up of intervertebral discs.
There are two primary and two secondary curves in the spine;
which adds greatly to the elasticity and strength of the column
and thus breaks shocks and increases resistance to injury.
about the California colony. In the light of the above facts.
Of the 26 vertebra, 24 ~·• c movable and are divided from
above downward as folio\\ <' 7 cervical; 12 thoracic; 5 lumbar. The two immovable bones are the sacrum and coccyx
which are cemented together. In early life the sacrum' is c~m
posed of five vertebra and the coccyx four. As life advances
these nine vertebra fuse and form the sacrum and coccyx.
The spinal cord rises from the brain. From between each
vertebra a pair of sensory and motor nerves are sent to the
various organs and tissues of the body.
It is with correct alignment of the spine that the chiropractor has to do. If from any cause the spinal bones move out
of alignment a pressure upon the emerging nerves' will follow.
fhe organ to which that particular nerve runs will suf{er.
Adjustment of the bones to a normal pasition, the chiropractor
claims, will eliminate pain and diesease. The growing favor
of chiropractic and the increasing number of practitioners
would seem to indicate a basis in fact for the newest of the
healing branches. ·
Chiropractic was discovered and developed, it is claimed,
by D. D. Palmer of Davenport, Iowa, along about the year
1896. There has been some controversy over the point of
discovery. Missionary reports from the Sandwich Islands tell
of a peculiar religious custom, as they thought, when they observed a naked native prostrate himself upon two mounds
of sand, one under his chest, the other upon which his thighs
rested, and a native walk up and down his spine with his
bare feet. This would show that exercise of the spinal muscles
and movements of the vertebra were early resorted to. At
any rate, Dr. Palmer gave to the world one of the first books
dealing with the subject. He discoVered the fact that disp1aced vertebra cause disease quite by accident. He was
formerly a magnetic healer and in this capacity treated a
janitor who ·Was very deaf. One day, the story goes, he
noticed · the third dorsal vertebra was .considerably higher than
the other bones of this man's spine. He thought there might
be some connection between this displacement and the janitor's deafness. He prevailed upon his patient to allow him
to attempt to put it back even with the rest. The patient
feared that he might be killed in the process, but being reassured, Dr. Palmer thrust it back and instantly the man's
-hearing returned.
This. remarkable occurrence started a chain of reasoning
\
J
\
Pqe &fteen
and he deducted that if a certain dislocated vertebra caused
deafness why was it not a logical consequence to have stomach, liver, bowel, heart troubles, and even paralysis from the
same cause? He began the study of the spinal nerves and
learned their ramifications. He experimented on many subjects and got marvelous results. He performed remarkable
cures and then postulated that 95 per cent of all diseases
came from what .is known as sub-luxated vertebras, that is, a
lesion less than a· luxation, and the other 5 percent was due
to traumatism or accident.
Of course, this was and is today, disputed, but the fact
remains . that many marvelous cures are accompanied by skillful adjustments,
Toothache, earache, neuritis, rheumatism, indigestion,
bowel and liver trouble, frequently disappear, as if by magic,
·
·
under proper adjustment.
Many forms of paralysis, such as hemiphlegia, paraphlegia,
paralysis agitans, choryea and tortocollis have yielded to
chiropractic ministrations, it is said.
One of the theories advanced by some thinkers along chiropractic lines is that health is dependent upon temperature.
The nerves having motor, senz:>ry and trophic attributes, a
pressure, causing a disturbance of these functions would
cause one of two things to happen-a super-normal or subnormal temperature. If above normal, a fever ensues; if
below normal, one of the various forms of paralysis, each
manifesting itself differently in proportion to the amount of
pressure. In other words, there are but two diseases, fevers
and paralysis. Fevers then, according to this theory, can be
reduced quickly by adjustment of one or two vertebra definitely known to control the heat supply and that paralysis may
be cured by adjusting at the point of lesion.
Chiropractic diagnosis and symptomatology differ widely
from the orthodox schools. The method of diagnosis differs
and the symptoms are the result of certain defined and
mathematical points of sub-luxations.
There has been stubborn opposition to the growth of chiropractic on the part of the older established schools, which
had the laws stringently made to exclude ·practically all practice of any new healing cult. Chiropractors have been jailed
and persecuted in nearly every state. On the whole, through
a well-knit organization of defense, headed by an able lawyer,
Sol Long, members of the national association fare less severely and in many instances are -discharged, than in the earlier
days of the budding craft.
Formerly a few weeks was sufficient for the well-informed
on anatomy to qualify for chiropractic service, but today the
big schools require a three to four years course of study.
Many states now license chiropractors the same as allopaths,
homeopaths, and the osteopaths.
A persevering light is being made for medical freedom and
the test of time will determine whether chiropractic will continue to live and flourish or decline and die. From a health point of view more should be known 'of
chiropractic. Knowledge of the human body is essential and
when once the nervous organism is better understood by the
laymen fewer aches and pains will be suffered by a fearful
and ignorant people, and the less overworked and underpaid
doctors would be called upon to render doubtful services.
Chiro should be known by members of the family, not
alone because of a fear-removing power, but for the ability
to remove small pains and the necessity of knowing how to
live correctly. Horse doctors should know something of
spinal adjustments. Perhaps if veterinaries became proficient,
they would displace all other kinds of doctors. They go at
things in the right way. When they are called to minister to
(Continued · on Page 34)
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Page sixteen
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The
Internationalist
The Value of Sabotage
By
T
C.
E.
HE acts of workers who are employed for wages, and
which go by the general name of "_Sabotage," have tw_o
aspects, The aspect that presents Itself to ·employers IS
one of destruction of property and violation of contracts,
while the other aspect presents itself to the workers as so
fundamentally necessary that it is accepted and pracficed by
them without question.
.
It is not to be expected that an employer can see an act of
sabotage in any other light than as an act of pure viciousness. ·
To interfere in any way with the profit an employer hoped. to
make out of a venture can not be considered kindly by that
employer. And so long as the net returns to be derived from
an enterprise are the only considerations, this view is correct.
But there is another consideration than that of net returns.
There are the workers themselves. If the wage workers are
to be at all considered by any standard permissible in civilization, sabotage takes on an entirely different aspect. It
then becomes a means to an end, and that end is the physical
and mental preservation of the worker.
·
If (an unsu rmountable "if" ) all employers were absolutely
just, there would be no need for sabotage. In that event
there would be no employers, and all workers would exchange their products on an equal basis according to the necessary labor time involved in their production. But some
employers are not absolutely just. Some a re so manifestly
unfair that it is necessary for those who work for them to use
some form of self-protection.
It is this self-protection , in whatever form, that is known
by the general name of sabotage. Many times the sabotage
is so crude that it results in the wanton destruction of property, while at other times it is unwisely used and but reacts
on the one who practiced it. A shift boss in a mine may
order a timber set in a careless manner because it will take
too much time to set it properly, but though it is set in an
unsafe manner it will result for a time in an additional. production of ore.
For the miner to reduce the production of ore by taking
the nece~sary time to set the timber properly is an act of
sabotage, and one that is necessary for the physical wellbeing of the miner by avoiding broken bones.
In one respect, the fonnation of a labor 4nion and making
it function on the job, at the point of production, is an act of
sabotage. Any act that is consciously done by the workers
for their own self-protection, but contrary to the wishes of the
employer•. is an act of sabotage. Many unions have taken
the eight hour work day when their employers wished them
to work ten or twelve hours per day, and the mere taking of
this two hours or more for themselves was an act of sabotage.
It interfered with the wishes and profits of the employer, but
was a necessity for the physical and mental well-being of the
workers.
Whether the time was taken from the work day desired by
the employer with or without his knowledge is immaterial;
the mere fact that the workers take it against the will of the
employer is an act of sabotage, because it interferes with the
profits of the employer.
So long as there are employer . and employee, wage labor
and capitalistic production, the employers will in the very nature of things demand a constantly accelerating production
per man for the purpose of increasing profits.
~t t~e sa'!'.e time, the workers will- resist this tendency of
cap1tahsm WI~ every me.ans at their command, and so long
as they {ire g1ven wages mstead of the ownership of the pro'
/
'
Payne
~uct, they will go to the other .extreme of reducing production as far as they can and still retain their jobs. Having no
material .interest in the product, the question of right or
wrong w1ll appeal to them only in the abstract, and not in
concrete form as it would if the workers owned the product
·
itself. •
Having no material interest in the things produced und~r
the capitalistic system, but only rn themselves and the wages
they may receive, it naturally follows that the workers will
use such means as are at their command to maintain their
wages at the highest point and themselves in the best condition. It is a matter of self-preservation, and is too vital a
matter to be left to the tender mercy of a profit-seeking employer.
?abota?~ is a fact in modern production for profit, and
ph1losoph1zmg and law making will not abolish or alter it.
The only workers who will not practice it are · those who are
in such a "dim-eyed, narrow-chested state of being" that they
are no longer able to protect themselves, and have even lost
their desire to do so.
Victor Hugo on the Mob
"Foex urbis" Cicero exclaimed; mob, Burke adds indignantly; a crowd, a multitude, a population, these words are
quickly uttered; but no matter ! What do I care that they
go barefoot? They cannot read; all the worse. Will you
abandon them on that account? Will you convert their distress into a curse? Cannot light penetrate these masses?
Let us revert to that cry of light and insist upon it. Light,
light! Who knows whether this opaqueness may not become transparent? for are not revolutions themselves transfigurations? Come, philosophers,- teach, enlighten, illumine,
think aloud, speak loudly, run joyfully into the sunshine,
fraternize with the public places, ann~nce the glad tidings,
spread pamphlets around, proclaim the right, sing the Marseillaise, sow enthusiasm, and pluck green branches from the
oaks! Make a whirlwind of the idea! This crowd may be
sublimated, so let us learn how to make use of that vast conflagration of principles and vinuc, which crackles and bursts
into flame at certain hours.· These bare feet, these naked
a rms, these rags, this ignorance, this abjectness, this darkness
may be employed for the conquest of the ideal. Look through ·
the people and you will perceive the truth; the vile sand
which you trample underfoot, when cast into the furnace and
melted, will become splendid crystal, ~nd, by its aid, Galileo
and Newton discover planets.
Attacked by Pygmies
Scott Nearing has been indicted on tlie charge of violating
certain provisions of the Espoinage act, and is now under
bail. The specific charge is that of distributing a pamphlet
written by Nearing er.titled "The Great Madness," in which
he advances the theory that the United States was shoved
into the war by Big Business.
Irrespective of whether this particular theory of Nearing's
is right or wrong, we wish to say that Nearing is ten times
· as big a man as any of his persecutors, and when his cowardly detractors have been forgotten, he will long be remembered
-A. S.
as one of the great emancipators of the race.
�The
ln t e i nationalis t
The World Federation After the War
BJ
Wa I t e r T Ia o m a s M i II s
T
HE World War must·result in some one of three things,
a world federation, a world conquest, or universal chaos
and disorder. A world federation would make the
world safe for democracy· and provide a democracy that
would be safe for the world. A world conquest would deprive the world of · a ll safeguards, and make all lands subject
to the unhindered .mastery of the war lords. Universal chaos ·
and disorder would mean the collapse of civilization and long
centuries of slow and painful work in the rebuilding of a
ruined world.
What are the chances for a world federation, and a real
world-wide democracy? .This question is three-fold. What
changes must take place as a result of the war (I) within'
the nations (2) between the nations if a democratic federation is to result, and (3) what is the war likely to accomplish
in these particulars ?
The grea t collective interests among men are found in their
educational activities, in the land, the labor, the credits, the
transportation, the manufacturers, and the markets, which" are
of such a nature that they must be collectively carried on
and hence ought to be collectively managed in behalf of the
common good. The manner of the organization and management of thes~ great socia~ interests in ~ny_ co~nt~y, determ.in~s
·the democratic or despotic nature of 1ts mslltullon_;;) , This IS
true because the powers which prevail in the conth)l of these
great social services always prevail in the control of the political machinery.
It is absurd to suppose that the people in any country who
tamely submit to the despotic organization and control of
these great social activities at home, would ever contend with
any great degree of sincerity or efficiency for democracy in
.
international relations.
of these considerations, what are the things which
INareviewessential
to the creation and support of a real democracy within any country?
(I) The schools must be made free from the control of
great pr.ivate interests. As long as these inte·:ests control the ·
great instruments of social service in industr:1 and commerce;
they will contrel the schools, and use them to provide effective servants in their own undertakings, and to defend the
wrongs of their own monopolies, and this means the end of
sincerity in instruction and freedom in investigation.
The liberation of the schools from the dictation of the
great private interests will come unsought when all great private monopolies, with private interests directly· opposed to the
common.. good, shall have been converted into democratic
rather than despotic forms of organization and management.
(2) Land values are the creation of society. Land values
are created year by year by those who make the lands, location and natura l resources more or less available for the
use of men. A all create these values, all should share in
their benefits. This can be accomplished only by a tax for
socia1 purposes on these unimproved land values, and at the
same time exempting from social claims in the form of taxes
of any sort. all stock, tools, improvements, personal property-in fact, all values created by any individual.
T his ' ~uld make an end of land monopoly, and an end of
the despotic relations beh ;een the landlord and the tenant at
once and for all time.
(3 Labor bas everyvw-bere ceased to be simply a matter of
i
Aulhor of -Democracy and Despotism.~
private concern. Every government on earth j fixing the
hours and remuneration of workers in some· one or more of
the great industries. In all countries receiverships take po •
session of "unemployed - estates"-that is, bankrupt entetprises, in order so to administer these propertie as to avoid
the "wasting of estates."
"Every" day ·it is made dearer that the unemployment of
labor also involves the "wasting of e tates"--and of life more
precious than the estates. If the state can attach and hold
property. in defiance both of the owner and of hi's creditors
in order to "protect estates," it can attach and provide job~
for the protection · both of estates and of life more precious
than the estates.
The organization of industry for the express purpose of
employing all labor on just terms, and without interference
with the conviction, associations, or personal affairs of the
workers, is essential .to the common good. This can never
be accomplished under private monopoly contr~l of the great
social services. Public enterprise in the place of every unavoidable private monopoly is ' the only way of escape.
(4) Credit is the essential in the .exchange of goods, in the
enlargement and improvement in the machinery of production as is land itself. . Credit is nothing other than a responsible system of accounting under which producers can expend their products in advance of returns to be obtained from
the final delivery of some sort of goods or s·ervices. It is necessary, in order to complete the processes of production and
exchange.
The creation of wealth is the foundation of all credits.
The "delivery of the goods" is the only method by which
credits can be finally cancelled and "satisfied." All credits
that are honest and justifiable are based on goods ready to
deliver, on goods in process of production, or on an enlargement of the means of production, and hence on more goods
to be produced. The credit of a country or a community is
the creation of all those who create wealth or render service
of any sort in return for which others will surrender any share
of their income.
·
All useful people together create the credit of the world.
All gamblers, speculators, and swindlers, destroy, absorb, or
render hazardous this credit created by the useful workers.
As long as credit can be withneld from thos~ who have goods
or are ready to produce goods·, or can be withheld from one
and extended to -another on easier terms, or can be used as
an instrument of extortion or oppression, so long the private
masters of the public credit will hold in their hands the weal
or woe of all useful people, and they will do that in the behalf of those who are themselves worse than useless.
Credits withheld from - gamblers ·a nd extended to all others
at the cost of the service rendered, is of fundamental importance to real democracy.
(5) Transporta tion is as fundamental to the existence of
the state as is the circulation of the p)ood to the existence of
the man. Whoever is able to control the tram portation of
goods is able to control the ·nation. · All countries except the
United States have adopted the public ownenhip of the railroads. This country, one of the gr~te&t laggards among all
the countries. in the democratic managemeitt of its peat social services, stands alone in this respect among all the na-tions of the earth.
Under a real democracy the whole traJIJportaJjon tervic:e
I
�Page eighteen.
Tlie
Internationalist
including telephones, telegraphs, express packages,..goods and
passengers, by truck, railway or steamship line,-all the way
from producer to consumer, must be freed from private management in the interest of private graft, and provided at cost
and on equal terms to all.
(6) There are a few great manufacturing undertakipgs
like steel, o.il, sugar, and the like, which are as complete
monopolies in their nature as any of the others. These, too;
must be publicly owned and administered in the behalf of all
if real democracy is to escape the cornipti.on and extortion
of private interests:
(7) The same may be said of the markets. There is no
place where wasteful methods on the one hand a~d monopoly
extortion on the other, places a heavier burden on real in:
dustry and honest trade, than in the privately owned and
monopolized markets. Here, again, public enterprise in the
place of private monopoly has been found the world over to
be the only . relief from extortion, and the only pathway to
democracy.
These changes must be wrought within the various nations
before the world can have the national material out of which
to construct an international democracy.
these relations between the nations and so hastening the coming of a world federation, democratic in its character and
built by negotiation· and not by conquest?
It is probably true that no great war in history has been
accompanied by a more marked -series of surprises and disappointments on the part of the nations most directly involved
·
in it, than has. been true of this war.
All of the expectations and all of the military programs
at first planned by all of the European nations, hav.e met with
disappointment and defeat.
. Now this is historically· true: Military undertakings, just
because of the nature of warfare, must necessarily be despotic in · organization and in direction. Victo~ious · countries
have always tended to become more despotic as the result of
victories. Countries defeated in war almost always reconstruct their internal affairs with the result that the more democratic forces desplace the despotic powers discredited because defeated in a foreign war. ·For instance, in the last
war bet~een Germany and France, victorious 'Germany became more despotic, while defeated F ranee repudiated her
monan,:hy and advanced to a republic. ·
In all of the European countries now at war, there have
beeen frequent reorganizations of cabinets, a11d further reII
organizations seem near at hand, and so far. in every shiftHESE changes taken for granted, what will still remain
ing of the authorities, the more democratic forces have everyas necessary changes between the nations if the world
where been given a stronger position within the several coundemocracy is to prevail?
. tries.
(I) International boundary lines must be made secure,
It is impossible to co-nceive of a final settlement of the world
not by fortifications, or vast armies, organized and controlled
war except upon the basis of "no annexations and no inby the separate nations interested in extending boundaries, or
demnities." If this shall actually occur, both the central
in controlling territories, either by force or by intrigue, bepowers and the allies, will face defeat of their determination
yonci their own boundary lines.
to make anew the map of the world.
Instead of this, international boundary lines must be made
The battle fronts of all Europe have been drawn along the
secure by the joint action, not of any league of any ~hare
iron
mines of F ranee and the forests, oil fields, grain fields,
of the nations, but by the joint action of all the nations, this
action to be supported by an international army and navy manganese mines, and other natural resources of other counable to make good its protection as against all other interests Jries, clamored for by the industrial masters within one country and demanded by them at the expense of the industrial
whatsoever.
•
(2) International trade relations including the freedom of masters of the other countries. Each day that passes adds
the seas, of all waterways connecting the seas, as the Kiel, the to the determination of the warring parties and makes better
Suez and the Panama, must be made answerable only to an, the chances that neither party in the end will be ~hie to make
good its purpose to profit through international plunder.
. international authority composed of all nations.
If the war terminates by conquest, international plunder and
. (3) The old diplomacy must be abolished. Bargains bea
world
despotism cannot help but follow. If it terminates in
tween any of the nations as affecting any . other nations, ·
whether secret or open, must be made impossible. A United any other w&Y it will be to the advantage of democracy beStates of the World must succeed the quarreling nations. and tween the nations because it will enormously advance the
tariffs, special treaties, or any advantages or concessions from power of democratic forces within the nations, and this must
any one country in behalf of any other, must be made as im- make for a world feder~tion on a democratic basis.
Once this federation is seriously ~nderta-ke'n, its work will
possible as our national constitution has made them imposbe effective in reconstructing international relations on a
·
sible between our several states.
( 4) Every one of these international necessities, if inter- . democratic basis, just in the proportion that democratic forces
national democracy is to prevail, requires the creation of a shall be able to make an end of industrial and commercial
world government; or a world federation, or a league of na- despotism within their own countries.
World conquest as the result of the war would mean intions or whatever one may choose to call it, just so it is demternational
plunder between the nations, and monopoly robocratic in its character, and is composed of representatives
bery
within
the nations on a larger scale than the world has
who are themselves made directly responsible to the public
ever known.
will within the nations which ~hey represent.
World peace without conquest, h1.1t effected by negotiation
(5) Any settlement of this war which does not involve
these provisions or a substantial advance towards them, ' will as the result of the final collapse of the military programs
result only in a temporary postponement of the work of inter- within the nations, would make an end of further wars, benational slaughter, until at last the world shall learn that woe cause the only way world peace by negotiation could be efonly can await international alliances, nations, states or cities fected would be on the basis of some kind of an international
ag reement creating some kind of an international authority
"founded in _bloocl."
which hereafter would protect alike all international boun- ·
III
daries and provide for international trade between all states
fiNALLY, what effect will the war have on hastening the and direct access to all natural resources on a basis of
c~~ditions within the nations essential to the creation of
{Continued o~ Page 35)
t
J ~·
T
llllik.
~!
·,
�The
I lernatioaali:5t
How Can We Make The World Safe.For Democracy?
By Dr . .A. E. Br i ggs
T
HERE is no more commendib)e ambition than to " make .
the woJid safe for democracy." With democracy -comes
all the liberties for which our forefathers were supposed
to have fought.
.
_
What is the object of democracy and what the object of
•
tyranny?
The ultimate object of d~:mocracy is that the workers shall ·
enjoy the product of their toiL The object of a tyranny is
that those who do not toil may enjoy the product of the toil of
others.
A free press and free speech are essentials of democracy.
Without these a democracy is unthin kable. The only object
of denying or abridging these rights is to more firmly · estab~
!ish a plutocracy that one class shall work and that another
class may shirk.
.
The only good in the world is to establish a brotherhood;.
"to make the world safe for democracy." The only good is
to destroy every tyranny that democracy may arise in its
stead. The only good in the world is to break the fetters
riveted upon us by political and industrial slave-masters and
return to the people a free and unincumbered earth, including the air and sunshine.
To deny these liberties is to make the world safe for plutocracy. The only object of any government, except ·a democracy, is to appropriate to shirkers the wealth created by
workers.
There is no democracy without industrial democracy. Political democracy is but half of democracy. There is no dem- ·
ocracy, but Socialism. There can be no real freedom in the
world without industrial democracy which assures to the
workers their social product. Every other form of government is a system of slavery. The purpose of every other
form of government is to plunder those who toil. Calf it
what you may. Call it chattel slavery; call it serfdom; call
it feudalism ; or call it wage slavery. Every other form is to
appropriate the product of labor without producing it. Every other .form is to promote parasitism.
!'To make the world safe for democracy" we must first
give the people a vision. We must make them appreciate
justice, freedom, and make them despise autocracy, tyranny,
plutocracy. In . old Russia, whe~ the monster denied free
peech and a free press 'it aroused a burning passion for these
rights and in the conflict the monster went down. To drive
liberty underground is to make it a passion and to make it
grow. It engenders a contempt for such a government and a
desire for a decent world.
These two passions make Russia today, the most promising
land of the earth.
Will America, in the face of history, follow the crooked
path of old Russia? If she does, then a new America will
arise to greet the ne~ Russia and the " world will be safe for
democracy."
'
With the workers sent to the dungeon or to the gallows on
paid testimony and human beings burned at the stake while
a supine and bankrupt government is pleading its helplessness,
people purified in the burning caldron of autocracy are not
likel to ~ ~rship.
ith free speech and a free press a people may slowly,
ery slo ~y. be educated in economic justice. With men
dtawn and quartered at the behest of the men who own, with
constitution decreed to be ..but a scrap of paper,"' with
-
I
..courts of justice.. that are hut uch in name. mth e ery
man's life oi job in jeopanly at the will of the men who
own, will liberty come from a park~ TyraDJ\Y combined
\\~th an empty stomach (and it i ne er over-full) i a com·
\
bination that will sooner. or later educate the people. and
I
make them know that they need not compromise with tyrants,
but vote for and construct a decent system.
Some ardent patriot may take offense at my reflection on
the system under which we live, a system that hegins by
making every individual and every nation under it indu trial
enemies of every other, and ends in wholesale murder.
uch
a system is certainly not a practica~ system , for society is not
organized with the purpose to destroy itg~tf. There are hut
two systems, individualism and collectivism, under which so·
ciety can exist or a combi1iation of these two. Evolution has
slowly· carried us toward collectivism until .the wa~ gave it
great impetus and today we are face to face with state socialism . The whole worid is.
·
The brilliant John Spargo, ex-socialist, alllicted with that
most infectious malady, psendoblepsia, is widely quoted in the
kept press to the effect that Great Briatain, France .and the
United States are not alllicted · with militarism, but art;. fighting
for a real democracy.
If they are, let them say so. If they will say so, without
any strings on their words, every socialist in the land, and in ' .
all lands, wiH join In the last great fight.
To the wars of the world, socialists are conscientious ob·
jectors, that is, they object to fight over and over the old
fight for "victory," for territory, for indemnities, and for the
trade supremacy; but they would all join in the last fight for
the brotherhood that has for ages been the visio.n of philos?phers and is, today, beco~in g the vision ofA hose who
to1l. The workers see that · to make · the wori'a safe for
autocracy or for plutocracy" the world must repeatedly become a slaughter pen. This is no sleeping vision of the
workers but a real ocular vision with no illusions.
Then, what shall we do to rnake the world safe for dem•
ocracy? First, when we declare for a democracy, let ua
sprinkle over the earth a little democracy, ~nd then fight for
a democracy. Then conscription will not be needed, because every man with red blood will be on hand to fight the
last fight for a real 1civilization.
. .
The socialists of the world deplore the fact that this world
tragedy is necessary to permit us to break the shackles of
capitalism. In season and out, we preached the brotherhood
of man, and, in scorn , those who hurled back at us the term
"idealist."
Our President bas now accepted the socialist solution of
the problem of universal peace and has proclaimed it to the
world. The socialists of the world stand with him and with
the Russian and German socialists against a separate peace,
for the death of kaiseristn, not only in Germany, but in
America as well.
Let our allies get together, emphasize President Wilton••
words, and no doubt we shall have the socialists of Gennany
with us in the last great fight. What the German sociali.ets
want is what our President wants and what I want.
If President Wilson puts over the peace propam of the
socialists, compelling not only the Centtal Powers, but our
allies to accept it, it will ma}te him the sreaten man in the
the world's history up to this time.
\
\
�The
Page twenty
lnternat ion aliu
What Is the Outlook For A United
States of the \Vorld?
~0 years ago the outlook for a realization of the Social
~evolution was dark and despa_iring. In M":rch. 1917,
it broke upon the world in Russia. The defimte 1dea of
working class emancipation that had been ·germinating in the
womb of society for nearly seventy years at last burst forth
into actuality-with the groping insecurity of new birth. In
the labor pains of a world-wide cataclysm, the first proletarian government was born-THE FOUNDATION OF THE
UNITED STATES OF THE WORLD WAS LAID.
Despite the gloom and uncertainty which temporarily hover
above the great people's movement of Russia, the Revolution
cannot be crushed-cannot- be checked. The idea of Socialism could not be killed in nearly three-quarters of a century
of oppression, persecution and terrorism by the despots of
Europe in their ascendency; much less can the vitalized fact
of a rising proletarian power be broken by the frenzied defenders of a dying system.
The long suffering masses of Russia have tasted the elixir
of freedom. They have experienced an awakening, and can
never again be forced back into the bursting chains of bondage.
But more than this, the Revolution they started will grow.
It IS growing. It spreads throughout Europe-and, more
slowly, throughout the world. The desperate arrogance of
decadent masters cannot conceal the threatening, inevitable
upheaval that impends. The spark will soon be furnished to
loose the general uprising. Then will commence the great
emancipation-the socializing of society, the democratizing
of industry, the humanizing of man.
The ultimate United States of the World will be the work
of tomorrow, as it was the dream of yesterday. The beginning has been made. The job is big. But remember what
two short years have brought, and who will dare deny the
workers of their rightful heritage?
-WILLIAM ]. FIELDING.
1
changes that are yet to come, there is running a S,Ocial con·
sciousness that, unperceived, is developing, not S,O much an
organization, as a social organism. That is the finality. It
will be union, without the state. It will embrace the world
without conquering or compelling it. It is one with the dream
of the carpenter of Gallilee-a kingdom of Heaven, recog·
nized, just as we now have and recognize the kingdom of
vegetation, of animal, and of mineral; only, this will embrace
all, with place for each. The United States of the World
thinks only of man.
-LINCOLN PHIFER, Editor · "New World."
T
HE outlook for a United States of the World depends
much upon how far such a state ' is going to be democratic; that is, how far the peoples of the earth of all
races and colors are to have representation and voice. At
present most advocates of a world state are thinking only of
white nations or possibly they are willing to admit a colored
nation like Japan or even China, because they fear their
power; but there has been almost no suggestion that the
thousands of millions of India, of Africa, and the islands of
the sea have any voice· or vote.
If an attempt should be made to make simply a white
World State this state would economically and politically prey
upon the black world. The result would be the same jealousy
and ownership and exploitation that have done so much to
make the present wa~:.. Eventually, such jealousy would disrupt the State. On the other hand, if all nations and races
were admitted and if strenuous effort was made to prevent
exploitation within the state of the weak and backward we
could easily look forward to a Federation of the World.
-W. E. B. DU BOIS.
I
T would have been a hardy optimist who would have pre·
dicted in 1913 that the United States of the World could
be organized successfully in the twentieth century. It
-DO not oppose the creation of the United States of the would be a hardened pessimist who would claim that no one
World. Because this seems to be in evolutionary order, as now living would witness its realization. Such is the new
a means of defence against a breaking up, it may come. faith born of the world war.
But what I say is, that it will not work. The reason this will
If the world does not seem very safe yet for democracy
fail, the reason all other efforts of a mass nature have failed it is getting daily more unsafe for aristocrats, autocrats,
is that dependence is placed on organization rather than or- junkers and plutocrats. The war should not be allowed to
ganism. Organisms function; organizations administer. The end until a tentative federal organization of the world is efone is natural, the other artificial. Because the one is natural, fected. The war will be the greatest crime in history if the
it operates smoothly. Because the other is artificial, it is a unparalleled bloodshed does not wash away every barrier
matter of force, of compulsion. Its inevitable end is -failure. ,that keeps not only individual nations but individual people
At the e11d of every great historical cycle-and we are now from complete self-realization.
at that point in history-the existing form of government
That does not justify a Lansdowne peace or a hand-meseeks to strengthen itself by doubling up. Therefore, there down peace from Germany. It does not mean an Irish Recomes a period of conquest: the world empire is involved. public or a Finnish Republic. These are reactionary proThe dream of the United States of the World is one with the posals as belated as the secession of South Carolina from
Roman empire of a former world, and one with the idea of the United States of America. Self-realization 'does not mean
German dominance and Anglo-Saxon dominance now. Even that Germany may retain a military organization to terrorwhen the world empire comes, it suddenly disappears, much ize the world or Britain a Suez Canal, or Turkey a Dardan·
as Alexander's and Napoleon's empires went to pieces in other elles, or America a Panama Canal, to throttle the world.
days. The fact is, the closing of a historical age is a period Nothing can be counted necessary 'for self-realization which
of involution rather than of evolution, juft as it is at the end hinders the life of others. Federalism guarantees home rule,
of the annual year, when leaves fall.
e are, therefore, to which is local self-government within the larger organization.
have a "rolling together like a scroll"; and "they shall be
The International Postal Union is the most perfect world
changed."
federalism; it only needs to be extended to all foreign com•
Yet through all the change that is how in progress and merce, leaving to each group the local government it chooses.
I
,
�I
The
J
I n I e r.n a I i o ria I is I
Page twenty-one
That is the way the postal service of the world i~ organized Devil can quote Karl Marx for his · own purposes. What I
today. It is not imposing government from the outside to have reference to is the success of. the Kaiser in betraying
demand the abolition of autocracy in Germany or freedom of. the Russian Revolution by the use of our best proletarian ·forthe se~s. or the federai, democratic organization of Central mulas. If the same plan succeeds. to any extent in America,
Europe. There is no longer an outside and inside; the world the Socialists of this country will not play as large a part in
at peace was one in markets; the world at war is one in the International settlement as I should like to see them play.
bloodshed; it will be one in government as soon as radicals
-UPTON SINCLAIR.
get the world vision.
.
* * *
The Russians do not speak- of the Russian revolution, says
Lincoln Steffens, but of The Revolution. · Yet they sold out DARDON a preacher for intruding upon so "brief an arguthe Ukrainians ,the Esthonians, the Letts and the Finns. The
ment as thi·s, a story. But it is a preacher's story, and
world does not need revolutionists now; it needs organizers; .
. needs not .to be told at length, so many know it. .
the revolution is already oi-i. An inconclusive peace is ·- a
The boy was digging furiously in the fence corner for the
counter-revolution. The United States of the World is at' wood-chuck. "Think you'll get it?" asked an observing neighhand. Shall we be quitters or federalists?
bor, a cynical negative in his tone. But the boy without
-CHARLES ZUEBLIN.
stopping to so much as look up replied conClusively, "Got to!
Preacher's comin' to dinner, and we haint got nothin' to
* * *
LL the Socialist factions, especially the verbal revolu- eat!"
The U~ited States of America came to pas~. not as the
tionists, are aiding nationalism against internationalism
- from the British Laborites to the Russian Bolsheviki, dream of idealists, but as a matter of plain necessity. Our
and German minority. On the other hand, President Wilson stupid school histories still tell us almost nothing of the seven
is moving in the direction of internationalism, though he has · years f~llowing the Revolutionary· War. It is so much easier
to exploit the heroics of that war . . But John . Fiske in his
not got very far yet.
The future of internationalism is, therefore, bright. The memorable monograph, "The Critical Period in American
future of the traitors to internationalism is, I hope and be- History," has shown that it was not our "successful" war
lieve, dark-though they still have a vast power for evil, with Great Britain that made us a nation, but it was the
which may become greater before some stupendous historic economic demoralization of the years that followed the war; ·
and the fact that there· was no other way out.
overturn-a genuine revolution-has swallowed them up.
There isn't any other way out of the mess of modern cap-WILLIAM ENGLISH WALLING.
italism than the way of some sort of world federation. We
* * *
may blunder around for years before we find that way,
OME kind of world organization seems to me inevitable without even a United States of Europe. We may get two
after this war. The only question is, shall it be a cap- or thre·e great "confederated" groups, instead of one federaitalist organization or a Socialist? And I should say ted family. And we may get a United States of the World
a great part of this depends upon the amount of political which will be so far political rather than industrial as to
judgment which the Socialists display in the present crisis.
prove a dubious benefit to the working masses of mankind.
The word " practical" is one which has been poisoned But we're bound -to get federation on a world scale or the
through the misuse of capitalist politicians. Nevertheless it is devil himself, who has already come to dinner and seems innecessary to be practical just now, for we are confronted by clined to prolong his stay, will eat every nation out of house
a desperate emergency, and we cannot change the facts by and home.
continual repetition of words, however blessed.
And eyentually, let us hope after no very long delay, we
It is an old saying that the Devil can quote Scripture for shall have something more than "United States;" we shall
his own purposes . . It is only quite recently that the horrible have a real co-operation of the workers of the world.
possibility has dawned upon the Socialist movement that the
-ROBERT WHITAKER.
Y
A
S
The De :1dly Parallel
"Those who oppose me, I ·will crush."
speech at Bra'ndenburg, I 890).
(The Kaiser, in
"Habeas Corpus be damned! We'll give them post mortems instead!" (Adjutant General Sherman Bell of the Colorado Militia, defying the orders of the civil courts.)
"My grandfather, by his own right, set the Prussian crown
upon his head, once more distinctly emphazing the fact that
it was accorded him by the WILL OF GOD ALONE, and that
he thus ·looked upon himself as the chosen instrument" of
Heaven and, as such, performed his duties as regent and sovereign." (The Kaiser, in speech at Koenigsburg, August
25. 1919).
"The rights and interests of the laboring man will be protected and cared for, NOT BY LABOR AGITATORS, BUT
BY THE CHRISTIAN MIEN TO WHOM GOD, IN HIS INFINITE WIS DOM, HAS GIVEN CONTROL OF THE PROPERTY INTERESTS OF THE COUNTRY."
(George M.
Baer, mine-owner, during the_caol strike of 1912.) ·
"All written constitutions are scraps of paper." (Frederick
William IV in speech from throne, April I I , I 84 7).
"TO HELL WITH THE CONSTITUTION!" Major McClelland of Colorado Militia, in coal strike of 1904.)
"It is said that there are leaders of the working classes
in our empire who would trample on the privileges of those
who were' appointed by God on high to govern people. Such
men are Germany's worst enemies."-Bernhardi.
"Men who object to what they style 'government by injunction' are in hearty sympathy with their remote skin-clad
ancestors. They are not in sympathy with men of good
minds arid civic morality."-Theodore Roosevelt,
�Page twenty-two
. ·---- .T
The
Internationalist
National Non-Resistance?
A Reply To Jessie Wallace Hughan, Ph. D.
J
ESSIE WALLACE HUGHAN'S article entitled "National writings; in the statements of a thousand reliable witnesses
~on-Resistance," which was published in the December- who KNOW.
The waste, the suffering, the grief, the horror of war are reJanuary · "Western Comrade," ended with this conten- tion: "Can a nation afford to be non-resistant? If we face pulsive to the normal human being; and yet, so far as we can
the facts coolly, studying each possible disaster without panic see, · the greatest strides in civilization have come through the·
adherence of peoples to their conceptions of right, resistance
and without sentimentality, the answer is YES!"
Miss Hughan does not face the facts. The non-resistance to· wrong and oppression-war, the result of upholding in unity
of Christ achieved crucifixion: Nero's lions ate Christians fgr ·their conception· of pustice.
The average pacifist proclaims to the world his absolute
breakfast; millions of non-resistant Armenians ·have been ·
murdered, ravished, starved, beaten, plundered and impris- trust in the justice and humanity of the Prussian war lords
oned by the Turks during years past down to the present · after three years of treason to Christ and humanity, but has
when they operate under German officers; Holland and Swit- no belief in the honesty and ordinary decency of a member of
zerland, if non-resistant, would be German states today, Congress or any officer of the government of the United States.
forced at the point of· the bayonet to fight for Prussianism. The Russ·ian Bolshevik who leaves the front and goes home
There are ten thousand examples in the world's history of the and shoots the owner of the land he lives on, is a good
pacifist, while the French socialist who defends his country
falsity of her conclusion.
There <>.re many times, to be sure, when resistance has against ·the Hun is .a traitor to the cause of Democracy, beproved to be martyrdom, more expensive tha n non-resistance, cause he is supporting Militarism.
Pacifiism is individualism-anarchy: Personally, I like the
but those instances only establish the necessity of EFFECTIVE
resistance rather than ill-advised and futile resistance. All of idea of pacifism, but it is indefensible until the world is made
which serves to emphasize the horrible possibilities of the op- over. The man who defends it invariably contradicts himself
.
pression of the mighty over the weak, the dominating over the and exposes his lack of reason.
Nothing better illustrates the inconsistency of this view than
oppressed of human kind. It is with a delicious ingenuousness
the essayist denies the Socialist contention that railroad labor is contained in the editorial column of this same number of
is underpaid and capitalism is exploiting the rest of the earth: the "Western Comrade." Job Harriman first advocates and
"Our laborers are habituated to the highest of wages--our rail- predicts a great civil war of the classes in Europe, and conroads complaining of minus net incomes." Again: "Our nat- cludes that the pacifists may be right. Thus, according to this
ural resources have long been in the hands of private ex- gentleman, the "pacifism" in which the laborer takes up arms
ploiters." And the naive conclusion of this, her only pretense against capitalism is perfectly justifiable, while the pacifism
at argument, is the following: "THE POSSESSION OF OUR in which the laborer takes up ctrms to defend his country is unCOUNTRY BY ANOTHER WOULD BE LITTLE MORE justifiable! That sqrt of pacifism savors too strongly of anVALUABLE THAN THE POSSESSION OF A BANKBOOK archy to convince me that it can be right; its logic is of the
calibre of the Hun "Kultur."
BY AN AFRICAN HEAD HUNTER!"
Pacifism a nd its attendant isms are mere scholastic halluWith the examples of Prussian Kultur and "Schrecklikhei:t''
cination
. American citizenship does not d.esire to be a doorbefore your eyes, in Belgium, France, Italy, Serbia and Roumania, with the threats of Prussian leaders to make America mat for either the Prussian or the slant-eyed celestial, and it
pay ,for the whole war of cor.quest of the .rest of the world, can will not consent to do so, whether it be ideal or no.
,..
-ALFRED A. SESSIONS.
one not conceive how Prussianism is prepared to profit from
possession of America? They levied a contribution of $I 00,000,000 upon a little city of Belgium, threatening destruction '"'Miss Hughan's Rebuttal
and wholesale slaughter of inhabitants if not obeyed. They
could levy .and they would levy, ten billions of dollars against
HE answer by Alfred A. Sessions to my article "Can a
New York City, and a hundred billions against this country.
Nation Afford to Be Non-Resistant?" demands a reply,
What would prevent? Why could they not take over the coal
even from the pen of "childish innocence." If Mr.
mines, the iron mines, the farms, the ·cities-as they do in Bel- Sessions had planned his topics a little more carefully, my
gium and France today, massacre indiscriminately the women reply a lso might have boasted greater coherence. As it is,
and the babies and the men who' refuse to labor. for a pittance however, I will make a feeble attempt to follow his excursions,
or who refuse to obey their laws? Where is the consistency in however fa r from the issue they may lead.
claiming possession of property to be of no advantage, and in
First, for example, my opponent .dodges the case altogether
the same breath proclaiming the crimes of capitalism and the by introducing the instances of Christ and his follo;wers. These
advantage to it of the ownership of property?
noble martyrs were not "nations" at all, least of all "modern
At the beginning of this world war, we who held some of industrial nations," and accordingly have nothing to do with
the old-fashioned ideals of' innate decency and justice and the purely economic a rgumel)ts of my article. Aside from the
honor, -asked ourselves that question, "Why does Prussianism irrelevancy, however, the examples are indeed unfortunate for
want to rule-what can it gain?" And we found the answer in the advocate of violence. Physical death was, of course, acthe conquered countries. We have found the answer in the cepted by these fighters for truth, as it is by the soldier. The
baby impaled on a German bayonet because the mother hesi- question is, which cause won the victo.ry? After two thousand
tated a minute about bringing out all the food in the house at years is Christianity or the Roman Empire the survivor?
As to the next example, Armenia, what "childish innocent"
the demand of a Hun. The answer is found in the murder of
a ~elgian mayor for lack of funds; in the wholesale murder of has told you that this nation is non-resistant? Ask any Ar. the Lusitania incident . . We find the answer in the government menian, and he will tell you with martial fervor that the chief
reason the Turks have persecuted them is because of fear, lest
~xposur~~ of Prussian purposes in this war; in Gerard's
T
·l
�The
Internationalist
r.:>.-
Page twenty-three
--
the ~ubject· race may fight for the enemies of their masters. paper is growing long. Progress comes through struggle. Yes,
The newly formed Armenian army hunishes an interesting · but struggle is not synonymous with war. The achievements
commentary on this fear. ·
of the labor unions, of British parliamentary government, of
. No other uamples of non-resistance are furnished by Mr. · socialism, of Christianity, of science, of exploration, have all
Sessions, but their place is taken by an interesting "might have come through struggle, but where war has occurred ,it has as
'
been.'
often impeded as helped. Was F ranee advanced by the Nap"Holland and Switzerland, if non-resistant . . . would oleonic wars, England by the Boer war, America by the Spanhave been forced at ' the point of the bayonet to fight for ish-American, or Germany by the Franco-Prussian? We radPrussianism.'-' Unproved Mr. Sessions, and by the way, gen-. icals believe that in all these cases freedom received serious
uine non-resistants cannot be forced to fight for anyone, as is checks, fom which it may take generations to recover.
witnessed by the 4000 Englishmen jailed .as conscientious obFinally. let us joyfully express our complete agreement upon
jectors.
an important point. Mr. Sessions has my heariy assent to his
There are ten thousand other examples, my opponent goes statement that the pacifism which refuses to bear arms against
the kaist!r but will engage in civil war to fight ·capitalism till
on to say, but fails to mention the ·o ther 9,997.
On the next point, we thoroughly agree: 'The necessity "of death savors too strongly of anarchy and of the Hun. Though
effective resistance rather than ill-advised . and futile resis- I realize that in this position I am expressing only myself and
tance," If one is going in for militarism, he might as well do not the stand of the socialist party, I am such a genuine pacit thoroughly, and not renoutke the ideals of brotherhood ifist that I refuse to take · part in violence for any cause, and
for nothing. Germany may be brutal, but is at least con- believe that wherever the working class has departed from the
sistent. I take the libery, however, of preferring the resistance · method of peaceful political and industrial struggle it has reof intelligent beings rather than of brutes, that of free Russia tarded the day of emancipation.
Pacifism is not a simple subject and can no more be disto that of Belgium.
It is unfortunate that the "answerer" is not more familiar missed -with phrases than can socialism. Both are phases of
with general economics. If so, he would realize that labor in revolution, and our first duty is to disabuse our minds of sentithe United States may be miserably underpaid while yet re- mentality and face the facts.
ceiving the highest of wages as compared with the rest of the
-JESSIE WALLACE HUGHAN: Ph. D.
world, and that the high cost of living which forces these wages
upon the capitalist renders it far more profitable for him to
invest his accumulations in undeveloped lands. The fact that
"capitalism is exploiting the rest of the earth," moreover, does
HE CONGRESS of the United States is on the eve of pasnot at all prevent the existence of various degrees of profit in
sing one of the most infa~ous laws that ev~r "befou~ed
exploitation, If Mr. Sessions doubts that railroads are "coma ·statute book. In all the history of the Amencan nallon
plaining" of minus profits it is probably because that esteemed there never has been a .more dastardly hypocritical or a more. •
sheet, the "New York Times" may not circulate on the Pacific stupidly dangerous act than the one now pending, making it
Coast. Possibly the circumstances that the aforesaid railroads a felony punishable by twenty years' imprisonment and a fine
are just now consenting to government control may enable him of $10,000 to "by word or act support or favor the cause of
to see that the palmy days of exploitation by ra.ilroads in the the German empire or its allies in the present war, or by word
United States, as compared with other forms of exploitation, or act oppose the .cause of the United States therein."
are drawing to a close.
This law, if passed, will .be one of the handiest tools ever
The discussion of fines and indemnities by my opponent devised for the subjection of labor.
.
suggests regret that he has not given more study to the theories
And this is what we predict will happen:
of Norman Angell upon this subject. In 'The Great Illusion"
A periodical which justly and fairly criticizes a government
and in the multitude of controversial articles growing from it, official will be suppressed on the ground that it is hampering
Mr. Angell has substantiated, so weil that it is needless for me the freedom of ·,vork in arranging war preparations.
to xepeat it, his co~tention that a levy of money and property
A speaker wii; be imprisoned· twenty years for pointing out
upon a conquered nation has but slight probability of either · the fact that a .certain gang of profiteers has been assisted in
harming the paying country or benefitin"g the one which re- its plunder by a certain gang of Washington politicians.
ceives. The stock example of this argument is, of course, the
And there will be a hundred more ·cases something similar.
Franco-Pnissian indemnity, which left France after ten years
The · founders of the American government contemptuously
industrially l~.etter off than Germany.
repudiated the theory of the divine right .of kings; but a few
With regard to the whole matter of property, it is necessary asit]ine congressmen seem never to have heard of it. They
to call attenti.on once more to two consederations: · first, that make it a felony for one man to criticize the actions of another
the modern nation, e. g., Germany after the Franco-Prussian -no matter whether those actions may be highly detrimental
war in Alsace, and Great Britain after the Boer·war, is not in to the social welfare, or even to the successful prosecution of
the habit of destroying the titles to private property, no matter the war.
to what extent the process of war has temporarily nullified
And worse than that-such a law makes it a crime for an
them; second, that what the modern predatory nation desires employer to kick against . a misdemeanor of his employee-'"
is· not property, for property in itself is now possessed to a For that is exactly the relation that exists between members
surfeit, but concessions in undeveloped countries in order that of Congress and the American people.
\
its property may be put to profitable use.
The stupidity of such a law is superseded only by its gross
Does Mr. Sessions really believe that the answer to the ques- insolence. The ·nauseating nerve of its sponsors is enough to
tion, "Why does Prussianism want to rule?" is found in the suffuse every liberty-loving American citizen with righteous
additional facilities for murder so furnished? In a world or- indignation.
ganized for profits does a nation deliberately sacrifice millions
It is high time that a microscopic portion of the salve of
of its wealth for the privilege of impaling babies? Where is democracy that we are endeavoring to rub into the wounds of
·
your hard common sense, may I ask?
the world be applied to a .few of Q\!f own f~otering social
·
I must. touch quickly upon the remaining arguments. This sores.-A. S.
T
I
Libe_rty Raped
�·-/
Page twenty-four· •
The
lnteraationaliat
What Esperanto Means to the. World ·
.
I
By Creston .Clark Coigne
.
T frequently happens that a story can ·be told. better by
beginning in the middle and working outwards, than by
following the custom of starting off with a sketch of the
hero's childhood and youth. And when a subject as bro~d _li.S
a movement of world-wide extent is to be confined to a- brief
article, the smallest attempt to int.roduce it conventionally
might easily use up all the ·available . space and leave the
reader wondering what ·was coming next..
·
So let us pause a moment in whatever we are dojng ·and ·
run our eyes over the pages of history- to .see if percpa:nce
they contain any suggestions that we might utilize to the advantage of our ma ny attempts to solve the eternal question of
how the people of all nations may be brought to understand
that the progress and happiness of one race depends more
a nd mote upon the p"rogress and happiness of all races; . For
almost innumerable have been the deductions drawn by thinking men from the difficult lessons of mankind's incompletely
recorded experiences; and there is no doubt that some of the
schemes and pla ns that ha ve thus been evolved for w'orldb<" -~rment will ultima tely be of great benefit to our race.
if we ·eliminate from our present consideration most of
the ,,,uicate problems connected with economics or religion,
we shall find it greatly to our profit to digress somewhat from
'the ord.inary pa ths of research and cpmpare the size, number and character of the wars that have been fought betwee n people speaking the same language a nd the wars that
ha ve been waged between people of dissimiliar tongues.
This much may be learned from the comparison: that while
it is undeniably true that civil wars and revolutions have from
time to time carried desolation into many lands, yet when
their aggregate is co~trasted to the international strife that has
intermittently continued from thousands of years before the
Christian era to the present day, it seems in spite of its actual
vastness to dwindle into insignificance. And it is not until
we thoroughly appreciate the tremendous and far-~eaching.
mean.ing of this fact that we begin to realize how true was the
utterance of De T ocqueville when, nearly three-quarters of
a century ago, he said that "the tie of language is perhaps the
strongest and most durable that can unite mankind."
The q uestion of a common language is by no means a new
one. During the last two hnudred years it has commanded
. the attention .of many of the best minds in Europe, from
Leibnitz to · Herbert Spencer, a nd some of the projects to
which it has given rise would indeed constitute an interesting
study for the psychologist. But of all the plans for an international language that have occupied the thoughts of the
"dreamers and doers" of recerit generations there is only one
that has survived the acid test of time and claims the sole right
to the serious consideration of all men. and women-it is
the invention of Dr. Zametihof and is known to the world as
Esperanto . .
As a la nguage, Esperanto came in.to being under the most
favorabl e auspices-its creator was an adept in at least a
score of languages and was fairly conversant with o dozen
more. And Dr. Zamenhof was the first man who understood
that the more closely a system of speech correspond; to the
recognized means of expressing thought, the more readily it
may be acquired by the largest number of people. We may
\ '
call it artificial if we please; but it has been so carefully and
__,,.
nicely adjusted that its use in writing or speaking conveys not
· the slightest impression of mechanism: it flows softly on, as ·
scholars have said, sounding very much like Spanish or Italian.
$Oft and rich-simpla, fleksebla, vere internacia! And ·yet
{\
science has not given way ~o beauty, for rigorously logical
is the grammar and vocabulary of the international lanvuage,
and therein lies its chief virtue-its simplicity. At least seventy-five J'>.e rcent of its root words are already known to most
European languages,_ and the few .Comprehensive rules of
grammar that· are without any exceptions, make its st1,1dy a
·genuine pleasure for most people. · This does not mean, of
course, that the study of Esperanto is so easy as scarcely to .
require an effort (the mastery of anything as co~plex as a
human language necessarily takes time and patience), but ·it
is no exaggeration to say that a good knowledge of Esperanto
may be obtained by any normal person in less time than it
would be possible to gain an insight into the fundamentals of
national language. That is one reason why Esperanto is alive
and_ ·g rowing today and. why it was e~abled to survive even
the world cataclysm.
The other reason is that the "interna ldeo"~the internal
id!'!a- of the movement is constructive. World amity as opposed to world enmity; a deeper and more perfect understanding between the various races that i's. not based on any
incoherent pacifist protest that · war is "wrqng" (as though
any sane person doubted it!) but rather upon the firm conviction that the highest interests of the hum~n race are its
collective concerns; a conviction that can only come from
the intimate, personal knowledge of its truth, gained by the
association and co~operation of intelligent men and women the
world over through the medium of a common, neutral language that all may learn in addition to their native tongue
and that all may speak as equals, knowing that in doing so
they are neither foisting their own . language and "kultur"
upon other races. Nor are they placing themselves at a
disadvantage by allowing the nationalists of another rae~.
through its language, to obtain the moral, intellectual ·and
commercial ·hegemony of the world- a condition that would
certainly result from the widespread adoption of any of the
great national languages.
.
In a word, the Esperantists state that a ·neutral, international language is the fundamental basis upon which the peoples of the world can equally and dire<;tly co-operate with
one another: IT IS AN IMPORTANT FIRST STEP IN SE~
CURING A PERMANENT PEACE, FOUNDED· UPON THE
SYMPATHETIC UNDERSTANDING THAT IS BORN OF
THE ·KINSHIP -OF A COMMON SPEECH. They . do .not ·
claim ·t hat the gene.ral acceptance of the international lahguage will cure the ills of the world, for it is simply an instrument to be used by the far-sighted men and women ~f ·.all
nations, and its services are freely at the disposal of all-So- ·
cialists, Single Taxers, Bahaists-everyone who recognizes in
it a means of strengthening the bonds between nations. As
has been said, it is an important first step, and without which
the progress of humanity must continue along the narrow nationalistic trail in which it has been moving (and with such
disastrous results!) consequently foregoing the benefits to be
derived from that broader co-operation which transcends the
limitations of nationality. and ma~es us indeed citizens of the
world.
With no misgivings the Esperantist looks at the ·future; for
g,reat as are the problems that will arise with the restoration
or peace, he knows that as time goes on the demand for an
international language will constantly increase, and that the
movement of which he is a part ·~lone can supply it. With
an efficient world organization under the ·Unive'rsala Espe,ran(C..oW'"" ••
p.,. 35)
1\
�The
Page · twenty-five
lnterna"tionalist
Co-operation vs. Competition ·
By
P
Clinton
Bancroft
HILOSOPHERS and romancers from Plato to Bellamy ready passed the experimental stage. Numerous successful
have devised ideal systems and ideal republics, which co-operative enterprises of large scope and capital have eduthey believed would bring the greatest happiness to the cated the people up to an understanding that it is both prachuman -race and inake of the earth a social and industrial ticable an·d desirable. Grange store~. profit-sharing establishparadise. But I am neither an ideal· philosopher nor an ideal ments, creamery companies, building and loan associations,
romancist; only a practical, prosaic American, with no inten- colonies and labor exchanges-all these have contributed to
tion of proposing an ideal system unJil we have an ideal "the educative process. that has established the practicability
people to practise it. As long as human nature is the unre• and desirability of co-operation in the public mind.
But a great objection to many co-operative associations is,
generate compound that it is, there must necessarily .be evil ·
in the world. Under any industrial or commercial · system that they do not establish a distinct and understandable, but
there must always be avarice, and greed, and selfishness, and not too radical minimum of co-operation required, and allow
dishonesty, and fraud, all the human weaknesses under what- as much in excess of that as · the particular i;1dividuals conever guise appearing, and every industrial plan must take cerned think they are able to operat~. They f~equently' rethese incidents to humanity into consideration or fail. The quire only a pledge to the co-operative idea, leav ing to each
weaknesses of humanity referred to are the "little rifts within individual to interpret for himself what that idea is and shall
the lute" that must be mended or the music be discord. be. Now when it comes to establishing business enterprises
These evils we will always have with us. I mention this, so on that basis it is very unsatisfactory. Most people want to
that I may not be classed with the philosophic dreamers of know at once the most that will be demanded of them in the
way of co-operati~n. And as th ere are many kinds and dethe land.
·
But there is a difference between following a system that grees of co-operation, an organization tha~ aspires to be nalegalizes and· encourages the vicious qualities of human na- tional in extent and influence can only reguire that degree to
ture, and following one that condemns and places checks upon which the average of the progressive people have been eduthem. There is a difference between cropping the crest of cated.
The essential factor of .success in co-operative industries is
overshadowing injustice, and encouraging it to grow. There
is a difference between extending a firm, strong grasp to the the good faith and persevering spirit of its members ~ Condespairing hand of the submerged unfortunate, and in open- fidence more than .all eslse is imperatively required. · This, so
ing new floodgates upon his. And therein lies the difference far as it is personal, our old industrial system has nearly desbetween the industrial disease and the industrial remedy. The troyed. Today the normal attitude of men in business todisease that has fastened itself upon the industrial life of the wards each other is that of suspicion and distrust. The habit
world is competition, and competition is war, and war results of requiring legal and substantial security has become a social
in the defeat and slavery of some, and in the triumph and instinct of self defense that is 'almost functional. It is the
masterhood of others . And this war is perpetual. It fills the greatest barrier to industrial co-operation with which the orstreets with unemployed, the asylums with paupers, and ganizer has to contend. Men will not believe that the~e are
prisons with criminals . The struggle never ceases. The any considerable numbers of their fellow men who will not,
doors of the Industrial Temple of Janus are never close,d. And . directly or indirectly, stoop to some form of exploitation.
as in the age of force physical wars resulted in the mastering They require some substantial security against it. They have
and ruling of the multitude by the few, so in this age of cun- been educated to this feelin g by gene rations of experience
ning, our industrial, competitive war results in the triumph under a system that is especia lly designed to develop it. Genof the few and the subservience of the many. And in that erations of education will be necessary to . eliminate it to the .
time, did the ·best men, the good men, become the masters? de gree necessary to insure the confidence required in the purer
Do they now? Does it tend to develop the intellectual a-nd forms of co-operation. No business involving any considermoral best? If does not. It tends to develop those faculties able numbers of individuals can succeed for any length of
that are required in the struggle-treachery, cunning, schem- time, if based alone on th e present confidence of men in each
ing, selfishness, avarice, greel Each in this competitive war. other. Legal and material guara ntees of good faith can not
dreads poverty, for poverty means defeat, captivity, slavery, be dispensed with under the present state of popular charand each, therefore, becomes grasping, grinding, over-reach- acter, conscience and habits. The gteater length of time deing. He excuses himself by pleading, "one has to live,"
signed for the continuance of such business, the greater the
security req uired that the concern can and will do what it
"business is business," or "if I do not, another wil l." Yes!
the competitive system is indeed, a state of war. And it is was designed to do.
This is a machine age; and from the standpoint of both
because this is true that we have trusts, and combinations, and
cabals, and monopoly. And under the competitive wage sys- law and economic industry, corporations are the most perfect
co-operative machines that have eve~;. been constructed. The
tem it is natural friends who are warring with each other;
toiler with toiler; producer with producer. Is that the system greatest jurists of the age have been engaged in perfecting
for an en lightened community to tolerate in its very midst? and simplifying them; and the best paid legal talent of the
Competition means working agajnst each other, and no other times has been employed in constructing them-for capital.
construction can be truthfully put upon it. That is the disBut capital, , with characteristic cunning, suppressed the
ease. The cure is to work with each other, to co-operate, and word co-operation, and substituted the word corporation,
that is the reinedy. The idea is not new, nor is it claimed thereby keeping the people for a long time in ignorance of the
that any new fundamental industrial principle has been dis- fact that through its corporations it was practicing co-operacovered. But a somewhat more extensive, radical and scien- tion and · communism, even while all the time denouncing the
tific application of the principles will .be proposed. The prin- · former as impracticable, and the latter an enemy to society.
ciple itself is as old as Justice, for it is a part of justice.
All the time that capital has been constructing and exclusiveCo-operation can not be called an experiment. It has al(Continued on Page 35)
�Page twenty-six
The
The Rise of
Internationalist
Frank _Dunne
By "Emanuel Haldeman-Julius
I
F the editor were to tell Frank Dunne to write a story Knight, appreciated him immensely. She was a poor girl
about the moon being made of green cheese, he wouldn't and, I repeat, she worked in a big store-and that means she
ask any silly questions--he'd do it. He would get facts worked at- starvation wages. I ·believe she got $6 a week.
and statistics. ·interviews and pictures to prove that the moon . I'm sure it wasn't more.
is made of green cheese. And here's the funny thing about · Dunne tol<l her many. pretty things; he told her he loved
it all; he would helieve his own story. He believed ·ever}' ..her; yes, he even said she was "the best girl in th~ world.' \
fake he wrote; he believed every lie he told. Yes, Frank But, lie didn't say anything .ab6ut marriage, though, let it be
Dunne was an iclea:l newspaperman. Temperamentally, he said in fairness, he thought of it. He really thought it would
fit in with the order of things.
·be a splendid thing to have her as his wife. Yes, she would
A newspaper's r;olicy was Frank Dunne's religion. The · be the ideal companion for life, he concluded. But, somehow,
editorials were as gospel. He swore by their viewpoint- he felt that Laura Knight was a girl he could always get, so
everything that the paper stood for was right, was just, was there need be no hurry about marriage. He was convinced ,
as it should be. If he had been told to cover the crucifixion that if he didn't marry her she would be a spinster for the
he would have written a story of "a long-haired agitator pay- rest of her days-there are lots of men ~ho believe that. So,
ing the penalty crf his criminal views"; he would have told · he concluded it would be best for him to wait-maybe a
how "a certain jesus Christ had incited the people to riot," year, possibly two or three, but not longer. So he didn't say
had said things "against the government," had criticized es- anything about marriage. Laura Knight ·loved him, but she
tablished in stitutions and customs"; he would have given the was a retiring sort of girl who didn't know how to use her
impression that j esus deserved His fate.
wonderful charms. Not knowing how to inl!uence him, she
When Dunne cove red a strike. the office was always sat- let him have his way about things, and as he didn't say anyisfied. There wa5 n't a man on "The Morning Times" who thing about marriage, she simply played a waiting game.
Six months later, Dunne married; but he didn't marry
could write a meaner story than this Frank Dunne. He could
sneer ~. t a mass of starving strikers, accuse them of "squand- Laura Knight. He marry an inspired female, a parasite to
ering their salaries on drink," charge them with all manner the core, but everybody. thought Dunne was a lucky fellow:
of crime and violence-yes, he was a favorite in "The Times" Not every reporter has luck enough to marry a rich man's
office. Even the Lig chief---one couldn't conceive of a more daughter. It happened this way: While at an affair, he was
unpleasant person---always smiled at Frank Dunne and bade introduced to a young lady who was the daughter of the unhim the time of day.
pleasant owner of 'The Morning Times.'' This o~ner-B,en;
A rare specimen, his 135 pounds throbbed with energy, his nington Fraser-liked Dunhe, as I've already mentioned, and
sharp eyes were ever on the watch for stuff the office wanted, when he learned that his . daughter and Dunne were friendly
he smiled. When he learned, some weeks later, that his
his ears heard everything; and if they didn't, his imagination
would come to the rescue.
daughter would like to become the wife of Dunne, he didn't
object.
This Frank Dunne was the star policy man;. whenever any''Of course," said Mr. Bennington Fraser, "that young felthing particularly dirty was wanted, the office could always low hasn't any money, but I tell you he has a future. He
rely on Dunne, who would write the stuff-and, above all, knows what's what. He hasn't any mon~y. but he has the
swear by it. He was extraordinarily able at stories that meant push and go that will bring him money. That young fellow
systematic campaigns of publicity, for he could write on the is all right."
same subject for \Veeks and weeks at a stretch, and never be
And he blessed them. And they married. And Dunne
at .a loss for something to say. A word would often give him forgot about Laura Knight. And Laura Knight cried a little
enough material for two columns of matter . . If there were ·and sobbed a little more, and philosophically decided to make .
some sort of a franchise the office was anxious to get for · the most of It all.
Dunne became one of the most important men on "The
some local kings of finance, Dunne would be set to work on
the publicity. He had genius for making the wrong appear Morning Times"; he became dictator of the policy; he outright.
lined campaigns; he ruled politics; h·e said .what shall beConsidering that he was a newspaperman, Dunne was fairly and usually he had his way. The-l>ig chief trusted Dunne's
well paid. He said he was getting $40 a week. Of course, judgment.
he lied, for I knew it for a fact that he was getting $35. lie
The paper was a gold mine. Dunne was on the inside. So
was always broke because he was always mingling with men Dunne became wealthy. He got mixed up in a number of
of wealth and means and didn't fancy being considered one questionable deals but he wasn't afraid, for he held a mighty
not of their class. He would just as soon pay for a ten-dollar club over the enemies-the club of publicity. He could drive
dinner as not; he wouldn't hesitate to invite some wealthy any man out of the country, he once boasted.
He got interested in a number of propositions; he investea
friends to a champagne supper that would keep him in debt
for weeks to come . Dunne loved the brothers of Have; he money in street railway stock ; he bought shares in a great
worshipped them , and nothing pleased him better than to be manufacturing concern; he· even bought a quarter interest
with them. He was always at some sort of an affair; and he in a great department store.
always gave the impression that he belonged there.
Dunne found that "The Morning Times" was of great help
just before Dunne became the star policy man, he fell in in his business ventures, enabling him to get almost anything
love with a girl who worked in a local department store. She he wanted. Of course. when it came to the law-making
.
was a pre.t ty-no. she was a beautiful girl, just passing nine- bodies. he was a terror, All feared him .
But, some people WILL persist in being .reformers, Dunne_
teen. He took her to the theater a number of times, always
treating her as best he knew how; and she, sweet Laura or no Dunne. And it came to pass that a number of reform-
�/
The
~age tweniy-aev~
lnlernationaliat
ers got together and formed an organization, with the purDunne fought like a tiger-he threatened, he bullied, he
• pose of going into politics. An opposition paper decided to lied, he screamed, he moaned-he used dozens of cartoons.
take up the cudgels far- this reform elenient, and as a result He did everything in his power to work up sentiment against
circulation grew for the opposition paper.
·
the bill. He roared at the reformers, . accusing them of all
This was a distressing state of affairs, though it didn't harm . sorts of crimes. He made life uncomfortable for them. The
the finances of 'The Morning Times"; this paper could al- headline-s, day after day, week after .week; counted. Dunne
ways depend on the big advertisers-what more could one brought up a number of side issues to cloud the real Issue.
wish for? When campaign time came again, Dunne saw that "We sort of muddied the water," said Fraser.
the reformers were getting too strong. They were actually
. "Your'e doing fine," said Fraser, "keep it up!"
threatening to capture political power; yes, . it appeared as
And Dunne obeyed. "The trouble," said Dunne, JS that
though they would capture the powers of government. we are on the defensive. Even though we are pouring the hot
Dunne's paper fought tirelessly, Dunne himself writing many shot into . them, they are still on the offensive.'-' With a
editorials.
thump on the table, he added, "I want THEM to be on the
The reform governor was elected, and then, Dunne realized de.fensive! Not me! "
that many amazing things were about to happen. _The re- . Mr. Fraser liked the idea, but he didn't know just what to
formers, in their platform, distinctly said that if elected they do.
Dunne solved this iroblem. Attack them-simple
would fight for the passage of a minimu.m wage bill. Dunne, enough. He made a number of sensational charges against
interested in a department store, didn't fancy the idea of a the floor leaders and the Governor. He made serious charges
minimum wage bill passing the legislature, so he fought it, the kind that make people talk, and, .it wasn't many days
but somehow, his paper didn't carry the kind of stuff he before the Governor and his fighting lieutenants were on the
wanted.
defensive; they literally had to fight to save their reputations
"I tell you, Dunne" said Mr. . Fraser, "we haven' t got the -and the result was-well, that doesn't matter; the point is
man who has the right angle on this minimum wage business." that the bi.ll was forgotten; the point of attack was shifted;
Dunne agreed with him.
tl1e issues were muddled and the girls were left where they
"And what's more," Fraser added; "it looks to me as always were, with starvation wages. This, it was· generally
though more than half the men of our staff are for that bill agreed, was a master stroke on Dunne's part.
.
and are hoping to see it pass."
He had his way about things. He had argued that girls
Dunne had suspected this for weeks.
would "never go wrong on account of low wages if they
"We aren't getting the right kind of stuff," Fraser repeated. weren't bad by nature." He had argued that "low wages do'
"I don't know of a better man to put on this story," said not drive girls into the street." His department store wu
saved many thousands of dollars.
Dunne with a growl.
"Oh, that's easy enough, Dunne," said Fraser, with a wink
Oh, by the way, Laura Knight was one of the employees
"we've got the right man--"
in Dunne's store. That is to say, she was there until some
"Who?"
weeks · ago. Dunne met her one night and was astonished to
"You!"
learn that she had become a prostitute. Strange things
This was a neat compliment, Dunne thought, and it pleased happen, Dunne thought. "She never was any good or she
him immensely. Dunne put fire and vigor into the fight. The wouldn' have become THAT." And Dunne might have
'
men behind the paper chuckled, for they saw that they were married her!
getting what they needed-"the right angle."
What a narrow escape!
Our Salacious Public
P
EOPLE who attend theatre very little, and who. therefore, are the. loudest in demanding censorship, contend
that the pornographic theatre is one of the chief factors
in the demoralization of the public.
These people naively assume that producers are forcing
licentious productions on a virtuous and frowning public.
They forget that the production of films and legitimates is
a business, and, as such, is managed strictly on business principles. No producer is foolhardy enough-unless he is a
millionaire who wishes to amuse himself, or, being of an
idealistic temperament, wishes to convert a recalcitrant public to some radicalism-to offer a distasteful play to theatregoers. Unpopular vehicles are rarely financially successful.
The fact of the matter is that the risque play is shown
purely because people crave it.
I have carefully studied the attitude of the average audience towa.rd the indecencies of the screen and stage, and
almost invariably I have found audiences greeting them with
peals of rapturous la-ughter. The subtily-suggestive seldom
fails to evoke merriment.
Whenever "Fa tty" of Keystone fame, begins to remove
his trousers, and then, after some reflection, decides to extinguish the light before completing the operation, what does the audience do but emit echoing guffaws?
When Charlie Chaplin brandishes his cane so that he
catches and raises the skirt of his leading lady perilously
above het knees, the audience is convulsed.
If a comedian emerges from some ball-room brawl, clad
only in his B. V. D.'s the average church-going citizen not
only tolerates it, but considers it rollicking good fun.
At a Western theatre last winter two packed· houses saw
and hugely enjoyed "So Long Letty," a musical comedy replete with the coarsest vulgarity and buffoonery. The delighted audiences, unquestionably composed of the city's
"best people," repeatedly applauded revolting jests in which
a pregnant woman was made the butt of ridicule.
At a local musical-comedy playhouse recently, the leading
comedian, seeing a minister flirting with a damsel, said, with
a sly wink at his audience: "Go to it! Slaughter, old boy!"
This witticism received prolonged and tumultous applause.
(For the benefit of those who · have heard nothing of the
above-named Mr. Slaughter, I will say that it is the name of
a minister who was convicted for raping a 16-year-old girl
who attended his church) .
I cite th~se concrete cases merely to show that the fault
lies not so llJUch with the film or play producer as it does
with the appallingly low morale of the public itself.
(Continued on Page 3S)
�f
T Le
lnt er nationaH&t
The Man Behind the Bars
~Y
AlaDSC!·D
A RE
prisoners people?
Thomas Mott Osborne'$ says that they are. He very
flippantly asserts that prisoners are human beings, with
many of the impulses, instincts, proclivities and desires that
characterize the remainder of us. Frequently he is very revolutionary on this subject. He even says that convicts have
brains and 1 tomachs and spinal columns--just like real
people!
.
- ·
Thomas Mott Osborne is a vicious .heretic. He sho~ld be
socially excommunicated for disseminating such vile and pernicious doctrines. He has the in·effable audacity to say that
j esse james looks something like me-that the· most. hardcoed criminals in the world like to eat appetizing food, like to
wear good clothing, like to jingle money in their pockets,
enjoy the society of men and women-just like the rest of us!
No. This is not a nonsensical introduction, but a plain
truthful statement of th!! reason why Thomas Mott Osborne
is not a popular penologist and why he is cordially hated
by almost every politi.:ian in the State of New York.
Osborne, bemg a very human being himself, once conceived the idea that if ordinary people developed most satisfactorily under an environment conducive to health and happiness, then extraordinary people would thrive best under
those conditions. He pointed out that sunlight and fresh air
are necessary for health, that social intercourse is needed to
develop the faculties of give and take and fair play; that
prisoners need a certain amount of independence and responsibility to make strong, thinking citizens of them.
Moreover, he proved the correctess of his theory. At both
Auburn and Sing Sing he demonstrated the beneficial effects
of· self-government, of freedom, of ample recreation.
But Thomas Mott Osborne is a man ahead of his time. As
Frederick Harrison once said, "Society can overlookt murder,
swindling or adultery; it never forgives the preaching of a
n w gospel." Osborne preached a new gospel, and he is not
yet forgive n. But he has fully proved -his contentions, and
before another decade has passed every penal institution in
thc United States will be forced by an awakened social conscience to adopt his suggestions.
"Society and Prisons" is the most readable and sensible
work on the subject of' criminology that has appeared since
the classic work of Enrico Ferri entitled, "The Positive School
of Criminology," It is not more scientific than fer;i's book
but Osborne is so thoroly human and evinces such a thor~
and sympathetic understanding of the mental processes of the
underdog that one is completely carried away by the broadmindedness and kindly feeling that permeate every page.
ocialists will find nothing in "Society. and Prisons" with
which they will radically disagree. fundamentally, Osborne
sh re the views of the positive school that criminals are the
product of a combination of bad heredity and environment
t~nd. that ~ociety alone is responsible for the appalling numbe;
of mfrachons of the law. He says:
"It must be evident upon very slight acquaintance with the
operations of the law that a very large number of those who
g t en~ngled i1~ its net are not morally guilty; they are
stmply urespons•ble, thru an ignorance that is no fault of
their own. The number of men who have a deliberate intention to commit wickedness is relatively very small indeed."
Osborne defines a criminal as "a person who has com-
Jo\.
4
ElY AND PRISONS, hy Thomas ~oil Osborne. Yale University
Pres$, New Ha en, Conn. Price $135, Postpaid.
Sessioas
mitted: a punishable offense .against pubiic law; more parti~
ularly a person convicted of a punish_ahle public offense on
proof or confession." However, despite the irresponsibility
of most criminals, he takes the position that society has the
right of self-preservation.
. Osborne ~enies that _there is a "criminal type." He makes
hght of many of the theories of the old school of criminology:
and pokes. fun at Havelock Ellis who writes that "family affectioq is by no means rare among crimina!,'!." "One is almost tempted. to add,'' says Osborne, "as a no less important
·contribution to penology, that criminals as a rule have two
legs and are sometimes partial to chops and tomato sauce."
Osborne scoffs at Lombroso's theories concerning the "crimi~al type," and quotes Dr. Charles Goring, an English physic1an connected with the Parkhurst Prison in England, to the
effect that "No evidence has emerged confirming the exi tence of a physical type," such as Lombroso and his disciples
have described."
·
Osborne goes on to say: "I have yet to m~et one prisoner
whom I reg'a rd as anything but a perfectly natural human
being-a natural human being often rendered abnormal thru
inherited weaknesses, more often thru the evil influences of
unhealthy environment, must often thru the stupidity of older
people to whose care a precious human li fe was early entrusted. I believe that the institutions, devised by man for
the training of youth, to be . most responsible for the inmates
in our state prisons. And when we talk about 'confirmed
criminals' and a 'criminal type' and a 'criminal class' we are
trying to lay upon God the blame which belongs to ourselves."
In other words, he throws the blame up squarely to the
door of the present social order. No wonder he is universally
hated by prison officials, who, as a rule, are the staunchest
defenders of our archaic competitive system! When society
begins to di.scard the absurd belief that the criminal is the
victim of disease, and · to adopt the belief that he is usually
the direct product of ab normal social and industrial conClitions, there will then be such a thing as a science of criminality-and not before.
Osborne states that law, as at present administered, proceeds upon the theory of revenge-of punishment, for crime
-that the criminal is supposed to be meted out so much punishment for so much crime. He says that this is an utter impossibility. "Who can determine the exact responsibility
which each one of us carries? Who can estimate the due
weight to be allotted to each element-the inheritance, the
early training or lack of training, the effect of environment,
the influence of others, the results . of unforeseen circumstances; in order to determine the exact degree of real blame
deserved by the perpetrators of each an4 every crime, and
the relative amount of punishment it would be fair to . give
to each?"
Osborne maintains that prisons do not reform, but on the
contrary have the most perfect system patented to harden
criminals. "In New York over two-thirds of the men in its
four state prisons are recidivists; is that not good proof of
the failure of our prisons to send out, at the end of their
te~ms, men fitted to meet the world? Does it not point to the
failure of the system under which our courts are acting?
. The obj~cts of imprisonment are thr~fold. They are :
FirSt, ret;~hatory; second, deterrent ; and third, reformatory.
~e first IS ~upP?sed to make the offender, by way of expiabon, suffer m Ius turn. The second is to frighten both the
offender himself and others in the outside wodd who intend
�·""
.
\
The
lot" nationalist
to commit crime.
The third is to work a moral change for
righteousness in the heart of the crimin~l.
Osborne contends that the first two objects are futile-that
neither of them are practical. Not only that, but that the
results are indubitably harmful. "As for the deterrent effect
upon prisoners themselves; my own conclusion, formeq. after
close acqua.intance with many convicts, from the statements
they have made to me, and from. my own reading of human
nature, is that the prison punishment of the past as a deterrent has been a sham and a failure."
Osborne is scath.ing ~n his denunciation of the custom of
solitary confinement. He denounces it as the most barbarous
institution in so-called civilized society. And when he took
charge of the Welfare Le< sue among the prisoners of Auburn
and Sing Sing, he showed that some of the most brutal and
vicious criminals that were ever confined in a penitentiary
could be made into decent ci_tizens merely by giving them
freedom in the yards, and by placing a certain amount of
confidence in them. Osborne believes that solitary confinement should never be used, as its only result is to make the
brutal more brutal and the vicious more vicious.
In the summer of 1913, Osborne, who was then on the New
York Board of Commission Reform, appointed by the Governor, decided to enter the penitentiary as a voluntary con, viet and to ' Jive thP. life of a prisoner for a week, in order to
learn by actual experience the conditions that existed. He
was given permission to do so, and his description of the revolting conditions which surrounded him are graphic and
highly interesting. He describes his feelings when he was
first incarcerated:
"I am a prisoner, locked, double-locked. By no human
possibility, by no act of my own, can I throw open the iron
grating which shuts me from the world into this small stone
vault. I am a voluntary prisoner, it is true; nevertheless,
even a voluntary prisoner can't unlock the door of his cellthat must be done by some one from outside. I am perfectly
conscious of a horrible feeling of constraint-of confinement.
It recalls an agonized moment of my childhood when I accidentally locked myself into a closet.
"My cell is exactly four feet wide by seven and a half
feet long. measuring by my own feet, and about seven feet
high. . The iron bed . is hooked to the wall and folds up
against it; the mattress and blankets hang over it. The entire furniture consists of one stool, a shelf or tahle which
drops down against the wall when not held up by hooks, an
iron basin filled with water for washing purposes, a covered
iron bucket for other purposes, a tin cup for drinking water,
. . . . and an old broom which stands in the corner. A
small wooden Tocker with three shelves is. fastened up in the
farther left-hand corner. The pillow hangs in the opposite
right-hand corner over the edge of the bed.
'This is a cell in one of the oldest parts of the prison. It
has a concrete ll~or and plastered walls and ceiling, and looks
clean. . . . The electric bulb hangs from a hook in the
center of the arched ceiling and my head nearly touches it."
After describing the horror of the darkness in the cells, he
continues:
"It is of no use to shut your eyes, for you know they are
still there; you can feel the blackness of those iron bars
across your closed eyelids; they seem to sear themselves into
your very soul. It is the most terrible sensation I ever experienced. I understand now the ,prison pallor; I understand
the sensitiveness of this prison audience; I understand the
hi~h nervous tension whiCh makes anything possible. HOW
DOES ANY MAN REMAIN SANE. I WONDER. CAGED IN
THIS -STONE GRAVE, DAY AFTER DAY. NII.HT AFTER
NIGHT?"
.
Page twenl)''nine
Nine evils of the old prison system were ab~ished by Warde_n Osborne, when he secured that position in Sing Sing. They
were:
1. Constant confinement.
2. The vice naturally resulting from such confinement.
3. Ill-organized and .inefficient system of labor.
4. Enforcement of silence.
5. The terrible monotony.
6. Constant espoinage.
7. The system of "stool pigeons."
8. The hotrible brutality of officers to prisoners.
9. ~e removal of all confidence and responsibility in the
pnsoner.
By instituting a general assembly of the prisoners, by dealing with them in a kindly manner, by allowing 'them to manage collectively many of their own affairs, by giving them
sports and recreation in healthful quantity, Warden Osborne
produced the · following result:
In the seven years previous to the time he took charge of
the prison, there had never been less than fou~ escapes and as
high as nineteen. IN 1915, DURING WHICH TIME OSBORNE IN~ .. IUTED HIS NEW SYSTEM, THERE WERE
ONLY THREE ESCAPES.
The results are eloquent proof of the efficiency o~ humane
treatment of criminals. Osborne has conclusively proved his
theory, and he deserves the thanks of mankind.
It is true that kindly treatment will not solve the problems
of crime. Before we can materially decrease the amount of
crime, we must establish equality of opportunity, we must
spread broadcast the knowledge of contraception- and we
must do a great many other revolutionary things. But we
also have to deal with conditions as they exist. And in that
respect, no man deserves higher hono•s than Thomas Mott
Osborne.
On A Stack of old
'
"Popular" Magazines
A jaded reader, finding magazines
Undusted, cover-torn, behind old screens,
Recalling hours he wasted on their show ·
Of mawkish. puppets, may choleric grow;
May wonder who adjudged such travesties
The counterparts of men; and then may seize
The lot and throw them out, his anger gone
When he sees bare the shelf they rested Oil.
For me they call up more tha~ wasted hours.
They cry a tragedy of wasted powers:
They cry of men who pot-boiled frenziedlyThis one because of sheer necessity,
That one because he was a SybariteAnd while they pot-boiled stilled all the light
Of truth and beauty shining in their hearts;
And killed their courage--courag&, torch of arts.
They boast, those ·magazines, of bargains made.
"A half-truth for the flesh-pots," was the trade.
"A half-truth's better far than any ·lie.
"Truth kills a lie, but half-truths hardly die!"
They jeer, "No song of all they might have sung
"Shall win the laurel when their day is done.
"On us they chaned their flames; we're their full share.
"The shelf we're thrown fr<>m ever will be bare!"
-ELE.ANO~ WENTWORTH.
1171.
�I
Page thirty
I
The
Peace Terms
N Engla1.1d, the censor's power has waned; in France he
is practically dead. Political discussion in Europe is fre~r
today than at any time since the war began. ·Even m
America, the people may discuss their own important business
concerning the terms of peace with less danger of being-tyrannized over by their own public servants than heretofore.
One may, perhaps, be permitted . to hope that peace may
come soon. Upon what terms should we be willing to lay down
our arms? It seems to me that ·we are in grave danger of
ever-estimating the relative importance of the Terms of Peace.
If we can wrest anything of value from a perplexing situation of course we should do so.· If we can write anything into
the final settlement that might indicate an advance towards
democracy anywhere, it is our duty to write it. But we should
not lose sight of the fact that a real advance towards real
democracy involves action more drastic a nd more far-reaching
than the mere signing of an ag reement.
Norman Angell showed us quite conclusively that commercial prosperity does not depend upon military strength. He
completely smashed the old illusion that military victory carries with it a victory for the well-being of the people. The
same principle is true of moral values. We may go to war
sincerely motived by a devotion to a n ideal, but a victory at
arms does not ensure the actual preservatio·n of that ideal;
something more vital is necessary.
Democracy is worth fighting for. And a people may b e
compelled to fight for it aga inst those who threaten to take it
from them, or who may be preventing them from getting it.
But establishing democracy is not alone a ma tter of blood; it
is a matter of sweat; it is a matter of thought; it is a matter
of education. Democracy involves a constant adjustment of
power to suit conditions in order that ultimate control may rest
always with the people . It is as easy to build factories with
cannon as to establish democracy by violence.
We profess to be fighting for peace, a nd to believe in the
efficacy of forces · outside of physical might; but to be too
insistent that our demands be mel without any sort of compromise would be to confess a faith in violence as a factor in
progress that would ill become our peaceful pretensions. We
say also that we believe in democracy; we should therefore be
willing to trust the wo.rkers of the world to work out the problems that concern them. in a n orderly fashion in the long time
that is to come a fter the war.
- ALEC WATKINS .
W
Which Road?
HEN the war to make the world safe for democracy
is over, the war to get it in America will be resumed.
We may reach it by either of two roads : The first
road is the road of revolution, violent and painful; the second
road is the road of more or less orderly change. The second
road is the least wasteful, the least disastrous to ourselves, and
if we take it we are• not likely to have to retrace our s~eps.
But there are three things in America that are unconsciously
but surely forcing our feet along the red road of revolution.
The first factor is. the government's policy of suppression
and persecution in dealing with certain organizations of labor
and with certain types of opinion. If history discredits any
political principle at all, it discredits this principle of suppression. · Suppression is the tyrant's favorite weapon. But,
particularJY. where the people have ha~ a tas~e of democracy,
it 'is a stupid weapon. The effect of 1ts use IS to produce an
\
\
(
\
lnternationai·ist
attitude of uncompromising hostility in those whose activities
are being suppressed, to drive the{Il to greater extremes in the
pursuit of their purposes, an.d to swell their ranks with many
~ho would otherwise hold themselves aloof.
The second rfactor is the perversity, the stupid toryism, the
almost unbelievable blindness of the present leadership of the
American Federation of Labor~ Samuel Gompers may be .
th~roughly honest. But it is '\evertheless true that' the policies
to· which he so stubbornly adher.es increases his own personal .
power both inside and outside his organiza'tion -at the expense
of the men from whom he draws his pay . . One of the first
articles of the creed of Gompe.rism is ihat the unions should
stay out of politics. . But Gompers himself does not stay out o'f
: p_olitics. And Gompers enjoys his influence in political affairs
not because he is Samuel Gompers but because he is the president of the A. F. of L. Why the urrions should not wield
directly the influence that Gompers is enabled to· wield through
his connection with them is not easy to understand-unless it ·
is .because the entrance of the unions into politics would mean
the exit of Gompers. Labor has been fighting with one hand
And if she is compelled to keep the other hand behind her
back she will have to fight all the harder with the hand that
is" free; if ~he does not fight politically she must needs do all
her fi ghting in a more drastic fashion with other wea.pons.
The third factor is the Socialist party. The present program
of the party is quite inadequate. We. socialists confine ourselves largely to pamphleteering and electioneering. Up to
the present time, perhaps from necessity, we have been a party
of opinion instead of action. We have failed to break into
the actual game. It is far better to agitate than to do nothing,
but agitation that is unaccompanied by any sort of constructive action will land us nowhere.
What we need most is not a Socialist party but a labor party.
The function of the socialist should be not to talk for labor
but to get labor to talk for herself; not to fight for labor, but
to get labor to do her own fighting; not to theorize about cooperation but to become a co-operator. If the American socialist can do these things he will have done his share towards
. ensurina the safe conduct of the worker in the direction of the
Co-ope;ative Commonwealth along the road that holds the
minimum of su rety that he will arrive at the desired goal.
-ALEC WATKINS.
Russia Undermining Prussianisni
Events are confirming the contentions ·of the non-resistant,
and showing the futility of brute force as im educative factor in civiliLation.
Prince Maxmilian of Baden, in an interview with the Wolff
bureau of Berlin, said :
"Germany is threatened from Russia by a 'moral infection.' ·
. . . . German world order must undertake defensive ·
measures against Russian world disorder."
.
"The Internationalist" has long argued that the most efficacious way to inculcate the ideals of democracy in the
mi;1ds of the German people is to encourage revolution in
surrounding countries. This will tend to convince the German people that their enemies a re not without but within
their gates, and induce them to concentrate their attention
and energy on the abolition of autocracy at home.
It seems to us that our present policy of maintaining a lukewarm attitude toward the Bolsheviki is about the heighth of
stupid diplomacy .-A. S.
�The
Internationa~ist
Page thirty-one
What Thinkers Think
Gems
Comment
From
-The most damnable .low-down, l~scivious and licentious· thing to
produce prostitutes is tht, dance, and I will rip it from hell to breakfasi.Rev. W. A. Sunday, ·quot~d in "Brann's Iconoclast."
-Fully 5,000,000 people of the United States read Socialistic, I. W. W.,
or other literature of a destructive charac ter ; S,OOO,OOO more read Ration"
alistic, anti-Christian, anti-Catholic literature.-L. K.' Washburn, "Truth-
Current
Per
od1ca
S·
in equivocal twilights; and he can stare the sun out of countenance. } ames Huneker, "New York Tribune."
. -A motor car will soon be developed that will steer itself almost automatically, will be weather-~ght· and entirely glass-enclosed, will · have no
clutch or gears and will ciorry no spare tires, because the day of punctureless or airless tires is at hand.-'~Scientilic American."
seeker."
-Leon Trotzky, now so prominent in Russian politics, was at one time
- This, our nation, is a Christian nation. We, the people, are a Christian . a .moving picture actor in this country. He appeared in "My Official Wife"
people
The deeps of our national life are Christian. -Harold · with Clara Kimball Young, and his salary was live dollars a day-the days
·he worked.-"The ll'tdependent."
Bell Wright, "The American."
.
-The Russian revolution is having its effect in Germany. The ground
- China. the home of the bubonic and pneumonic plagues, smallpox, and ·
is being undermined beneath the feet of the Fatherland party and the 'Panle.prosy, has always been the great plague spot of the world.-French
Germans.-Frank Symonds, "Review of Reviews."
Strother. 'The World's Work."
-The Department of Agriculture is campaigning for a billion bushels
- Abou t 5000 persons die in New York City each year as a result
of wheal this ·year. This means that it will be necessary for our farmers
of syphilis and its com(llication•.-New York Department of Health, "The
to raise 3S,OOO,OOO more bushels than in 1917 when the· winter and
World's Work."
spring crops totaled 6')0,828,000 bushels.-Congressman John D. Baer,
- We should like to- -be beyond war. But we cannot be so long as
"Review of Reviews."
Germany is not and looks on our aspiration as a weakness to be taken
· - The anarchists who have seized possession of power in Russia are
advantage of.- Vernon Kellogg, "North American Review.''
devoid of patriotism.-M. Finol, Paris "La Revue."
- If England, in the f~rsl year of war, had had as many strikes as
-Germany has ·t he lowest prices' for cereals. in the world.--'"Review
the United States. she wo uld have had to conclude separate peace with
of Reviews."
Germany.- Sir Stephenson Kent, "World's Work."
-With the war costing from seventeen to twenty billions the first fiscal
year, Big Business is wallowing in profits. And out of this enormous war
- Fundamentally. Socialism is an appeal to egotism, to envy, hatred
and greed; an appeal which, Russia's experience shows. sows and quickly
cost, the profiteers and far in~omes will page a meager two or three
billions.-Robcrt La Follette, "La Follette's Magazine."
reaps a crop of spoilation. outrage and murder.- Charles J ohnston, "North
American Review ."
- There can be no question about the complete failure of Allied diplamacy in dealing with the Russians.- Arno Dosch-Fieurol, "New York
World."
- So long as people con tinue to fix their attention on heavenly things,
they will remain quiet under the pressure of the social problem.- Louis
Wallis. "The Public."
- Efficiency has not been popular among the proletariat because as now
applied it chiefly swells the profits of the capitali•ts with little benefit to
the working man or the consuming public. When all the economy of ef.
fort it achieves acc rues to society as a whole, it will be cheerfully and
gene rally adopted.- Leon T rotzky, "The Independent."
- The workers themselves will. in most of the countries, be in a stronger
political position, than before the war. Havin ~ risked their lives "to
make the world safe for democ racy" they will be likely to demand an
even ~rea l e r detiree of dcm·ocracy at home.- Harry Laidler, "Intercollegiate
Socialist.-"
--The American republic
Harding. " The Independent."
IS
headed straight for socialism.- Senalor
- If F ranee and Britain renounce a nnexatio ns and Germany insists on
·~em.
we shall have a revolution in the land.- Hcrr Schiedmann, m
Reichstag.
- -Secret diplomacy. compulsory military service. profit from the manufacture of the instruments of distruction. should be rendered unnecessary
in a society of free na tions. -Arthur Henderson. "The Call Magazine."
- The November elections. 191 8, will be the first big opporunity of the
Socialists.- Scott Nearing, "Intercollegiate Socialist."
- Russia is where she is today because she has been driven there by
the Allies. including the United Stales. It seems that Germany has a
vested interest in the stupidity of allied diplomals.-Louis B. Boudin,
"Intercollegiate Socialist."
- We have got a lot of brave fellows in America with their arms in the
treasury clear up to the elbows- fellows who call everybody a traitor
who catches them stealing. Their months are thoroughly patriotic, but
their legs are all pacifist.-Congressman Wm. E. Mason, in "La Follette's
Magazine."
-We have only to imagine what would have happened to a group
of men who had chosen to air a grievance by picketing the White House
-the speed with which they would have been arrested, lined, dispersed and
forgotten- to realize the nature of the tolerance granted to women.-Agnes
Repplier, "Atlantic Montl-ily."
- The decision to throw the world into the war was partly made by
the hope of the ruling classes that by such a catastrophe they might
drown the storm of the coming revolution in their own countries.--Morris
Hillquit, "People's Council Bulletin."
- This war shows us that in a crisis the constitution can be swept entirely aside, and that we cannot depend on this document to guarantee our
civil liberties. -Scott Nearing, " People's Council Bulletin."
- Patients aflliicted with a common cold should be cautious in the handling of their handkerchiefs, and should hold a handkerchief or gauze over
the nose and mouth when sneezing, and should keep as far away from
healthy persons as the exigencies of life permit.-"Therapeutic Gazette."
. - The celebrated Cornaro, who brought_ himself to . subsist on a daily
doet of no more than twelve ounces of solid food, and fourteen ounces
o f wine, lived in spite of his weak constitution for about a century, and
retained his intelligence until his death.-"Critic and Guide." ·
The supply of wheat in this nation and in the world is inadequate.
Owing to short crops in preceding years, the reserves of a number of important commodities have been greatly reduced.- Secrelary Houston, in
Weekly News Letter, Department of Agriculture.
-The United Kingdom has lost by the fall in birth& during the war
more than 500,000 potential lives.-Sir Bernard Mallet, "Scientific · American."'
- The policy of Great Britain is tacitly to encourage Germany in her annexationist policy.-Leon l'ro'tzky in "London News."
- The Catholics claim an increase of membership in 1916 of 390,000,
but dropped to a falling off in 1917 of 241,000. -Dr. H. K. Carroll,
"Christian Herald."
- To find the climax of· sin we must put our hands on social groups
who have turned the patrimony of a nation into the private property of
a smali class. or have left the peasant laborers cowed, degraded, demoralized, and without rights in the land.- Walter Raschenbusch, in "Current
Opinion."
--Cowardly maslced upper-class mobs, calling .themselves "Knighto of
Liberty" and mumbling hypocritical words about the "women and children of Belgium," will not succeed in terrorizing the labor movement of
America, ·nor will they tend to make it more patriotic.--Max Eastman
"The Liberator."
'
- In the art of Arthur B. Davies, we feel the nostalgia of the infinite,
the ~orcery of ·dolls, •he salt . of sex, the vertigo of them who skirt the
edge of perilous ravines, or straddle the rim of finer issues. He dwells
-What are we to say when we see asceticism preached to the poor
by _f~t and c~mf?;table retainers of the rich?--Uptoq Sin<:lair, "Upton .$inclan s Magazme.
�/
Page thirty-two
~-
The
Internationaii•t
_.,-~:::::·~--~----~
\
t~oons.,u~
By David Bospa
STATISTICS FOR SOCIALISTS.
. INTERNATIONALiSM 'IN ·. THE MAGAZINES
For as many years as I can remember, The.. W~rld Almanac has been
an essential feature of my desk equipment, and, capitalistic though it is,
I would not want to do without it until Socialists patronize their own
publishing houses to the extent that ·they may 'become as all-inclusive. Thjs
period is close a t hand if we may judge from the excellence of "The •
American Lahar Year Book," issued in its second annual edition by the
Rand School of Social Science. The 1917-18 edition is not a rehash of
the o riginal edition. but a new book that should find its way into every
socia list and labor library.
Alexander T rachtcnbcrg. director of the department of labor research
of the Rand .School. has had the co-operation of a wide range of radical
publicists in editing the Year Book. It is divided into six main sections.
labor and war; the .labor movement in the United States; labor and the
law ; social and economic conditions ; the interna tional Socialist, labor and
Co -operative movements : the Socialist movement in the United States.
Sta tistics and general information of co-operative and general labor
.problems of the entire world a re included, though the facts center principally .in the affairs o f the Socialists of this count ry. The latest information
concerning party activities are given. There are about fifty contributors,
including Lajpat Rai. Scott Nearing. Anna Maley, James Oneal. I. M. Rubinow. Mocris Hillquit, Adolph Germer, and Basil M. Manley.
Rand · School of Social Science, New York, 60c.
Literature is one of the universal bonds. As · all blood runs red 'and
there is salt in tears of all r~ces, so all types and families of the
wo.rld have found expression through literature. The poet is the leader,
·prophet, inierpreter and historian of every age; he it is who grasps
the universal basis of truth. There is a tendency in some of the magazines of the dawn to bring into common possession the thoughts and expressions of all nations.
Prominent among these worthy magazines is "The Stratford Journal"
issued monthly. This is an international magazine in the broadest sense
of the word. The February issue· contains Russian stories, a garland
. of Armenian verse. American prose and poetry, and Italian drama. Dr.
Henry T. Schnittkind, editor. translates two humorous taks from Anton
Chekhov, "Carele.sness'' and "Overspiced." They .are a trifle less morbid
than the usual run of Chekhov's morgue. As would be expected, the tragedy of Atmenian na tional · life is reflected from the seven poems representing the work of as many poets. Dr. Isaac Goldberg presents an
American re'ndering of Giuseppe Giacossa's play. "The Rights of the Soul."
Among the older journals of a truly international chara.cter; "none ranks
above "The Open Court." The current issue takes us into philosophic
excursions through Chinese, Korean, Jewish, European and American
thought preserves. Dr. Paul Carus by his world-wide touch with men.
of science and philosophy maintains a ·mountain-top standard of excellence
that is welding the philosophical world into an international unit of fellowship.
.
·
"The Intercollegiate Socialist" includes Scott Nearing, Louis B. Boudin,
Algernon Lee. Frederic C. Howe, Frank Bohn and many others in the
February-March list of contributors. Among the topics dealt with are
" Democracy at the Peace Setlement," "National Control of Railroads,"
"The Future of the City;" "Excess Profits Confiscation," and "Stale Socialism in War Time."
1(.
1(.
1(.
It always giveS> one a sense of sorrow when he looks at some wreck
of a man who in his youth has been a pillar of strength and importance.
So I feel when I think of the "New Appeal." One standard of Warren and
Wayland, however, has not be weakened. This is "The New Appeal Almanac." The 1918 edition is like its predecessors in power, though widened in scope. It covers a field no other book on earth fills and is a
companion volume in importance with the "American Labor Year Book."
No one wanting to be informed, or to look up problems of importance
that come up continually can afford to be without the yearly "Appeal Almanac." How such an encyclopediac mine of information can be included
in such compass has for years been a source of mystery to me. But
there it is-year after year, always brought down to date, reliable ana
thorough. a veritable school of general information in itself. In addition to
the regular features we have all learned to look for in the Almanac, there
are condensations of the famous Public Health Bulletin No. 76. and the
Illinois Vice Report. Important statistics of the war. labor legislation. labor
politics and sociology. hanks and trusts- in short. the enti re range of the
economic and political field- keep the Almanac in its established character
as a ·soci.a list institution .
""!be 'New Appeal," Girard, Kansas. Given only as subscription premium.
:{.
.y.
.y.
A modern "background" is covered by Mrs. Alec-Tweedie in her book
on Mexico as a factor in the \var- "Mcxico: from Diaz to the Kaiser."
I think Mrs. Alec-Twcedie has been somewhat stampeded by the general currents of opinion, but she has presented a mass of . interestin~t
details worthy of consideration. Her book is "the story o.f the depth and
hreadth of German intrigue in Mexico, with a sweeping .array of facts.
A searching study of the underlying causes of unrest and tragically unsettled conditions in Mexico, written by a woman whose acquaintance
with Diaz an<J other Mexican officials afford he excellent material. A pic ture of the historical development in that revolution-ridden country. A
narrative told with exceptional skill and a striking eye for dramatic effects
which go to make it far more thrilling than most novels." (Publishers'
~enerous estimate.)
The artistic photos from which the book is illustrated were taken by
the author ,during her visits to . Mexico. The message will bear the sanction
of the American Wall Street Kaisers who are more responsible for conditions in Mexico than ,Kaiser Wilhelm. If the Germans have not been
mixed in the international scramble to. exploit Mexico. they must have been
slow indeed, for that would have put them outside the class of all
other nations in this respect.
What happened between the n~tive exploiters of Mexico and their foreign partnen-in-crime, Mn. Alec-Twe~die
may know, .as she .claims in her book. In this. she has performed a service
she 'did not intend--added to the proof that the workers have no friends
except themselves, at hoine. or abroad in any land under the sun.
-~rge H. Doran Co., New York. $3.50.
·~~ -. ~.
KERR'S SOCIALIST CLASSICS
Capital has become · international. War is world-wide as well as pandemonium. Let's have an international working class by emphasizing this
year as never before the gladsome May Day of ln!ernationalism and the
memory of Karl Marx. There is no need to say anything ab(lul the. contents of Marx s monumental three volumes of "Capital," except that when
you get them you will want Ernest Untermann 's translation as published
by Charles H. Kerr & Co. This big co-operative hous~ has printed a
new edition of the third volume. of which Mary Marcy wrote me in a
recent letter "it is better. to refer to it on specific points than to try to
wade through it alone."
.
To those who ·have made comparatively little study of Marx. l would
recommend Comrade Louis B. Boudin's " The Theoretical System of Karl
Marx in the Li ~hl of Recent Criticism." Yo.; will grasp the purpose of
the Look · best from a part of tlie author's preface:
" I, therefore. concluded to present to the Engljsh reader. instead of
an account of the movement to revise Marxism, an exposition of the
teachings of Marx. and to draw upon the literature of Revisionism only
in so far as it may become necessary or expedient in the course of such
exposition in order to accentuate some of its points or differentiate them
from others with which they are likely to be confused. I have therefore
refrained from entering here into any controversy with any revisionist
Marx critic except in so far as it was necessary for my purpose.
" In the a rrangement of the matter I have followed the suggestion of
the greai master ; I have treated the Materialisic Conception of History as
merely introductory to the study of the actual workings of the capitalist
system: . .
There is one respect, however, in which the Materialistic Conception of History has a · harder road to travel than any other
system of thought tha t I know of: the persistent misrepresentations of
friend and foe. I have. therefore, deemed it advisable to attach two appendices. wherein arc treated two points with respect to which these
perversions and misrepresentations a re most frequent and a t the same time
most glarinl(.
"I hope tha t the volume herewith presented will give the reader, if not
.a n adequate ' presentation of the Marxian doctrines. at .least' an · adequate
beginn~ng for such presentation. and that it will serve as a stimulant
towards an adequate discussion among English-speaking people of the great
theoLelical problems embraced within the realm of Marxism."
Charles H. Kerr & Co., Chicago. · $1.00 net
�The
Internationalist
Page thirty-three
Co-operation the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-oper at i v·e s G I e an e d from Many Sources
A TICKET TO HEAVEN
i
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II
Perhaps the question that probes closest to the heart of the theory of
consumers' co-operation is, What is Dividend?
Dividend-giving is lhe device. of charging current retail prices and re·turning the margin cost to those who had 'paid it in purchasing the goods.
Dividend is profit given to the purchaser. It is the middleman's rake-off
returned to its rightful owner·. It is the . poor man's 'Automatic savings
bank." It is the ho use-keepers nest egg. It is a way of acquiring capital
without saving it or stealing it. But it is · even more than the most effective way of keeping the wolf from the door. It is the providet of a
"unique democratic basis to an industrial organization." It is a card of
membership to a great democratic society. It is the citizen's papers of a
" sta te within a state"-a s tate in which the women arc enfranchised a rid
no one conside red an unwelcome alien. But it is still more than the furthest out-post of democracy. It is t~e guide to the Co-operative Com~onwealth, in which the re will be no coercion and no exploitation, a nd
none of the evils which result from exploitation, in which no o"ne will go
hungry or thirsty or ill-clothed. but in which the re will be the final "Conquest o f Bread'' by those who made it and those who need it.
The amow11 of the " dividend" is no t nearly as significant as many suppose it. To judge from a number of recent inquiries, the average dividend
in the United S ta tes appears to be 5.6 pe rcent to membe rs. Howeve r, th<;
margin upon cost is always very variable. It can be a rbitra~ily affected . in
many different ways. Skillful or unskillful purchasing, w1se or unwtse
management, economy o r ex tra vagance, and the conditions of the mar.k~t
itself, all necessarily de termined the profit, and hence the amount o~dlVI
dend. The dividend may be unduly diminished by cutting prices,' c eless
handling of a rticles, waste in cutting o r weighing o ut articles dishone y of
employees, sudden rises in wholesale prices, the ordinary haza rds o f life
such as fi re, burglary, e tc., and the most damaging of all dangers, disloyalty in purchasing. It may be unduly increased by demanding too high
prices, by dealing in poor shoddy good s, by neglecting depreciation, education funds, a nd the union labeL- By RALPH E. CHEYNEY. Pubhc tty
Direc to r, Co-operative League o f Ameri.ca.
THE PEACE OF INDUSTRY
"Co-opera tion was born of the ft'eling tha t unmitigated competition is at
best socia l war, and tho ugh war has its conques ts, its po mps, its bards;
its proud associa tions and he ro ic memo ries, there is murder in its march,
a nd humanity and genius were thin gs to blush for if progress cannot be
accomplished by some o ther means. What an e ndurin g truce is to war,
Co-operation is to the never-ceasing conflic t between capital a nd labo r.
It is the peace o f induslry."--G.
HOLYOAKE.
J-
THE UNION CO-OPERATIVE STORE
The Union Co-ope ra tive Store owes its great success to the loyalty a nd
conscientious work o f its members. Organized in ·19 14 fo r the benefit of
a few co-operators, it has 'grown gradually until today the store carries
eve rything that a family might need, a nd is conduc ting its b usiness with
excellent results.
To nive a de tailed account of the hard struggle which this co-operative
institu~on has had with rival, privately-conduc ted s"to res, a nd to describe
the unscrupulo us me thod s which the la tter have used in the a ttempt to
crush us, would require too much space in your es timable magazin.e .
Our co-operative store propaganda found favor originally with workers
w ho' were all socialists and members o f the Socialist party. We opened
o ur own store a nd refused to buy f ro m o the r stores, no ma tte r if prices
were lower for the time being in competing concerns, knowing well that
his la tter attraction was but bait th rown out to dissolve our institution.
The war has created a n opportunity for merch ants to make enormo us
profits from the sale of commodities. Without the least exaggeration, one
can say that many ·of these me r.chanls are ma king 1000 percent proftt on
various staples. ·In privately-conducted merchan t enterpnses, selfishness
and exploitation rule supreme.
In our co-operative store, we have a plentiful stock on hand and the
shareh olde rs of this ente rprise are pu rchasing goods a t prices ve ry much
lowe r than those in o the r stores. These fa r-sighted peopLe who organized
the co-operative yea rs ago are now reaping the benefit of their wisdom and
sacrifice. Many who are no shareholde rs are clamoring for permission to
become a part of the organization, but the privilege must necessarily be
denied them for good reasons. How they regret their sneering attitude
when we started the institution I
I have often wondered why the workers should be so indifferent to the
idea of co-operation, when it alone is capable of solving their pro!;>lem of
living. It seems to me that ·we enjoy being exploited in every possible
manner. Yours fraternally, y, LETflNI, Union Co-operative Store, Barre,
Vt.
CO-OPERATION IN DENMARK
. Figures published in the official organ of co-operation in Denmark show .
the position of the entire movement las t year as compared with the year
pre~ious. Thus the Distributive Wholesale's sales figures have increased
84,500,000 kroner to 87,800,000 kroner .{or from £4,69S,OOO to
£4,878.000), while the collective sales of the distributive· societies hav'e
risen from 125 million to 150 million kroner, i.e., from £6,944,000 to
£8,333,000, an increase in which one has no difficulty in seeing the factor
from
of abnormal prices.
The factor of abnormal prices is also visible in the turnover of. close on
744 million krone r, or £40.767,000, pertaining to the A~ricultural production and Sales socie ties collectively {i. e., the Co-operative Dairy societies
and butter exportin~ organizations), the year's increase alllj}unting practicalfy to 92 million kroner, or about £5,110,000. On the other hand the
Agricultural Purchasing socie ties through the hampering conditioi!S of the
period. figure in the record wi th a decrease of business to the amount of
47.200,000 kroner, or £2,622,000. Meanwhile the Co-operative Bank has
made unabated p rogress; its 'turnover during the twelve months having
grown from 3Vz to 5Vz milliards. The organization now embraces 1,13'2
co-operati ve 'Societies, and the bank's operations are conducted through
fifty branches.- " 'The Producer." ·
CO-OPERATION A SOCIAL NECESSITY
"The co-operative- society is of importance because it d evelops in the
individual those characteristics and capacities which are necessary for social
p rogress. The present individualist system which takes care of the
business interests of the farmers is a dividing and disintegrating force. It
lends to des tro y the natu ra l associative 1 characte r a nd to set each man
against his neighbor. The conflic t of inte rest engendered by the competiti ve regime has been was ted no t o nly economically, but also from the
more impo rta nt point o f view of individual character. The wastes of competiti ve indust ry arc not confined to adve rtising costs, lack '?f unde rstanding
between purchaser and buyer, and the necessary protecting devices against
monopo ly. Tha t system creates fraud and dishonesty, indifference and
suspicion. It conceals the fac t that the interests of each individual are
best served in his associa ted capacity as a membe r of a social community.
But, as a member of a society with interests in common, the indivi~ual,
consciously and unconscio usly. develops the social virtues. Honesty becomes impe rative and is enforced by the whole group on the individual ;
loyalty to the communi ty is made a n essential for the be tte r development
of individual powers. T o cheat the society is to injure a neighbor; to sell
milk outside is to endan g~ r the success o f a venture in which friends and
relatives a rc interested. These virtues have not been developed immediately ·or rapidly. Changes in charac ter a re even. more difficult than
changes in a n economic system."- H. F . NORMAN, in "Better Business."
Two Bookstha t e ve ry Sociali•t and Non-Socialist Should Read.
I. AMERICAN SOCIALISM OF THE PRESENT DAY
(Revised)
2. THE FACTS OF SOCIALISM (cloth or paper, the
latter at 2Sc)
Jessie Wallace Hughan
Address:
Intercollegiate Socialist Society, 70 Sth .ave., New York
. ..1
�)
Page thirty-four
The
Internationalist
The ·Pursuit of Happiness
T
HE editorials of the Hearst newspapers and Billy Sunday to the contrary, Happiness is the most nearly unattainable thing in the world.
.
.
It is elusiveness personified.
There is a popular illusion that permanent peace, homely
matinee idols, undogmatic Germans and Socialism are competitors for the title of THE UNATIAINABLE. But for persistent evasiveness, those items aren't in it with the patron
saint of the Garden o:f Eden. ·Running down any one of
them is like running down a sna~l in comparison with the pursuit of the only genuine and untiring will-of-the-wisp, Happiness. The man has yet to live who has grasped the slippery thing and prevented it from gliding through his fiingers.
Orie man. is unhappy becaljse his sweetheart loves him too
little, another because she loves him too much; the dyspeptic
because his appetite .is consistently absent, the small boy because it is consistently with him.
· The suffragist falls short of Happiness because there are so
many unconverted; the anti-suffragist because there are so
many converted; the militarist because he thinks men don't
enjoy killing as they ought, the anti-militarist because he is
afraid they enjoy it too well; the vivisectionist because there
is always some other nerve he has not yet tampered with, the
anti-vivisectionist because there is always some fresh barbarity he has not yet censured.
The drunkard in vain pursues Happiness because after being drunk he becomes sober, and ·the prohibitionist turns
pessimist because after abstaining from beer 'water infe~ts
him with typhoid,
. The wife of the poor man and the wife of the rich man
alike develop wrinkles, the one because she has too many
clothes to mend and ·t he other because she has not enough
clothes to wear.
·
Happiness escapes the humorist because _he cannot laugh
af his OWn JOke arid dodges the cynic because he is expected
to live up to his own cynicism.
The inhabitants of the Earth cannot be happy because
Mars is so far away from that they cannot chat over the back
fences with the Martians. The Martians cannot be happy
because the Earth is no near to them that the stench of the
wiu carnage· offends their too sensitive nostrils.
Perhaps after having mastered the weather, set · aside the
law of gravitation, established surburban ae~ial lines through
interstellar ·space, buried the mother-in-law joke and discovered an antidote for the deadly virus of stupiditychumanus,
we will stumble upon some law of psychology that will ·enable
us to grasp Happiness and hold it permanently.
And if we do-perhaps we'll wish we haqn't.
Need an Adjustment?
American Socialism
(Continued from page IS)
(Continued from page 7)
. -ELEANOR WENTWORTH.
a sick horse, they don't waste time asking the horse what the Some say that agitators of the new Marxian theories, hoping
to win for their ideas alone, helped to sow dissentions. Cabot
trouble is as human doctors do. They KNOW.
One sunny afternoon my friend of the large hands induced was turned, with all his supporters, from the colony which he
me to risk my life on the rear seat of a motorcycle to see a . had founded. He at once departed with his adherents to found
very sick woman about ten miles from my office. Arriving - another community. Four weeks from the !ime of his exat the farm-house, we found that the woman had fallen from pulsion he died.
The Cabot faction bought a tract of land near Cheltenha:-!1,
a load of hay and struck her head on the wagon tongue.
The horse had dinged her head some to complete the job. Mo., now within the limits of St. Louis. But they experienced
She had been unconscious but when we arrived she was the same difficulties that had beset the original colonists in
loudly conscious. She suffered great . ~gony in the neck and Louisiana-they were swindled by land sharks. Living in
could riot move it without great pain. Her neck was twisted community houses, the mecha nics of the community worked
in St. Louis fac'iories, and ere long they were fairly pw sover her shoulder.
With one look at . the suffering woman, my friend stepped perous, publishing a paper and having ma ny enterprises of
forward and gently put his great fiingers along the cervicals. their own. But the communil'y divided over autocratic versus
He them placed his other heavy hand firmly over the face and democratic management, and the members withdrew in small
moved every bone in her neck. The pain was furious. The bodies, until finally it was dissolved as the remainder of the
neck straightened however, and within ten minutes the pain colonists enlisted for service in the union army.
was gone, the woman got up and proceeded with her work.
The Nauvoo community was disrupted by numerous dissenThe bruised places, remained for some time.
tions, and lost much of its prosperity. Finally, its affairs were
Witnessing the marvelous recovery, the husband hatched closed out and a new community was · established in lcaria,
an idea. "Say, Doc," he said, "You fixed my old woman Iowa. For a time they prospered. But new dissentions arose,
fine; maybe you can fix my horse."
and later the property of the community was divided among
Going into the corral, we saw a beautiful horse, pathetical- the ~embership by arbitration, the community dissolving.
ly trying to rise. His hind quarters refused 'to budge. The
( T 0 be continued Next Month) .
. chiropractor smiled again, asked for a hammer. Going to his
bag, he picked out a solid piece of gum about four inches
long and about two inches thick. Wit)l great effort the three Coming back, he tried to kick us out of the corral. Vaulting
of us lifted the horse to his feet, and leaned him against a the fence, we.watched him cavort around.
We visited that horse several times, and he always tried to
post. Standing on a box about two feet high the doctor, with
forceful hands, placed the rubber on the four-inch lumbar, kick our heads off before we even got within consulting dis· and swung a mighty blow on the rubber. The horse kicked tance. He was a cured horse, through the gentle adminis· both feet skyward and started around the corral on a run. tratio.n of a chiropractic adjustment.
'•,
..J
�• ,q
The
lotern.ationalist
Co-operation vs. Competition
Page thirty-five
Cold Figur~s
(Continued from page 25)
· In Russia, birth control information has not been available
to the masses. The death rate per thousand population is 3 I.
ly using these legal co-operative machines, it h<ts been deIn Germany, .information is slightly available, although atclaring co-operation to be a very bad thing-for labor.
tended with considerable difficulty. The death rate per thouAnd by using these powerful economic engines in an evil sand population is I 7.
way to exploit the people for their own selfish purposes, cap-·
In England, where si1ch ii1fo~mation is legally permitt~d to
italists succeeded in creating quite a popular prejudice against be given · to married persons and those contemplating marcorporations of every kind, until the very word had come riage, the death rate per thousand is I4.
to be a lmost synonymous with monopoly, oppression, plutocIn Fr;mce, .the information is easily had, no restrictive laws
racy, chicanery and fraud. Labor had come to be very shy ·.b eing in force. The death rate per thousand population is I 9.
of corporations, for corporations were its arch foes, and its
(The bir\h rate per thousand in F ranee is I 0 less than in Gerexperience with them had justified in a measure its prejudice many, however.)
against competitive labor, it was a bad thing-for labor.
In Holland, there are no restrictive laws, there being gover;lBecause governmen t has permitted the monopolization of ment approval of l;>irth control clinics. Jhe death rate per
land and the right of the private owner to withhold it from
thousand population is I 2.
use in wha tever amount or degree, just in that degree must
fn Australia, there a re no restrictive laws. The dea th rate
labor suffer and ind ustrial progress be retarded. The co- per thousand population is I I.
operative Jwnership and cultiva tion of land as of a ll proIn New Zealand, where there are no restrictiw laws, the
ducin g means. is today the most immedia te remedy for the death rate per thousand population is 9 .
industrial evils that affl ict the people a nd which find their exIn the United States, statistics show the birth rate to be
pression in multitudes of unemployed a nd a general lowering much greater tha n that of Germany, France, England, Holla nd,
of the moral tone of society ; but it can only be effected little Australia, or New Zealand, yet our death rate per thousand
by little, by establishin g and putting into operation a system popula tion .is I 7, a nd our infa nt death ra te is in a lmost every
that approxima tes such an e ffect a nd guarantees a continuing msta ncce twice as great as those countries in which information
progress towa rds its complete realiv.ation. The evolutionary on birth control is easily secu re d.
.
trend of the times is aga inst irresp01osible, private control of
The reader is le ft to draw his own conclusions.- A. S.
land holding a nd labo r employing corporations of a ny kind.
Industrial power. whether wielded by private capita lists or cooperative producing compa nies must be made responsible to
some adeq uate and satisfactc6 y a uthority, a nd be, a t all times,
(Continued from page 24)
sub ject to its supervision a nd inspection.
What Esperanto Means
World Federation
(Continued from page 18)
I..
equa lity.
But such a settlement can never be brought about so long
as eithe r party to the struggle refuses to follow the program
outlined by President Wilson in d eclari ng that our country
" seeks for no advantage, will ask for no indemnities., desires
no a nn exations," as the result of any share tha t we may have
in this world war.
That program will not be adopted except by the further reconstruction of the governing powers within the warring
sta les. New elections are threatened, old . cabinets are going
to pieces. reorganizations of the war powers within the cabinets at home. are more frequen t than re-alignments on the
field of battle, and every shift carries the power in the direction of the more democratic forces at home.
As war measures. labor has been mobilized; railways,
mines. factories, markets. put under government control.
'rices fixed, the character of the products determined , the
fee-..;ng of the nations made a part of the military program,
and in all these instances, while the reason may have been
military, the effect has been in the direction of provision for
the public good at the expensl of the old time monopolies.
just because the forces that started the war, and the forces
whicJ. r •m time to time have controlled the war, will have
small snare. in the ending of the war, there is ;;t least good
ground for hope that this war, the greatest disaster in history,
may terminate .in a world democracy. If so, it will be the
greates.t achievement of mankind.
l
to-Asocio · a nd its eighteen hundred representatives in all civilized countries, as well as the la rge national societies in tile
leadin g countries of iEurope, the Esperanto movement is ready
for a ny occasion . Even on this side of the Atlai1tic where, of
course, the need for an a uxiliary language has not been felt
a,s keenly, the movement has made considerable headway.
1 he n a llon~l headqulrt e rs of the Esperanto Association . of
Nort h Amenca are located at West Newton, Boston, a nd today
there . is not one large city from New .York to San Francisco
wi thout its Esperanto club. All o( which merely goes to show
that the day is not far distant whentiur neutrala lingva fundamento,
Komprenan te unu Ia alian,
La popoloj faros en konsento
Un u grandan rondon familian.
Our Salacious Public
(Continued from page 27)
Censorship cannot remedy this evil. No amount of coercion . can eradicate It. The solution of the problem lies
solely 111 education. People of discernment, appreciative of
the higher things of li fe , must be ever vigilant publicly to
disapprove salacious, demoralizing productions, and enthusiastically to commend those worthy of attendance.
In this manner only can the standard of theatricals be elevated.- A, S.
.
-()--
"The December-January number of the "Comrade" was a
FINE number."-Ciara Cushman, Santa Ana. California.
•
�Page thirty-1>ix
The
International
Language
Esperanto
(Continued from· Page 13)
simplifies the language problems, opens up a new world of literature, gives one a mt:ch better understanding of his mothertongue, enables him to correspond with people all over the world,
and all" this a t a comparatively small outlay of time or money.
Send for a FREE sample copy of AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO;
the official or~an of the Esperanto Association of North America,
and receive also a catalog of 2 ooks, etc., and full information
on how to learn this wonderful language.
Please mention the Llano Publications.
have no beginning. As this present life will be a pre-existence to a future life; so the present must have peen preced.~
by other lives; but the Soul is always the same in past, present and future. ·
The practical - part of the teaching of Vedanta is called
Yoga, which means literally "joining" ·or union, like the Eng·
· lish word "yoke." It offers certain methods for the training
of the . mind ·and body. to make them fit instruments for the
manifestati.o n of the perfection already in us. There is no
mystery in it, as many suppose. It is a science based on the
direct observation and experience of p~rfected Yogis or illumined Sages, and is a clear, logical system for the unfoldment of our spiritual · nature. lt teaches us how· to stop frittering .our energies and to unite all our mental and physical
forces into one strong current, which will carry us to supreme
realization.
Yoga is divided into four principal paths to suit different
temperaments. Karma-Yoga is the patb. of work and shows
us how to perform our duties without creating -bondage; RajaYoga teaches us how to control both our internal and external
nature; Bhakti-Yoga is the path of love and devotion, while
Jnana-Yoga leads us by the path of intellectual discrimination.
But although these seem ijke four distinct methods, we rriust
try to combine all iri. our daily practice; for no character is
perfect which is lacking· in any of these qualifications. Yet
as in every character one tendency invariably predominates,
that determines the special path. All, however, lead to the
same goal.
From the crudest form of symbol worship to the loftiest
conception of abstract truth, every phase of religion has a
place in Vedanta. It recognizes the necessity for innumerable forms of worship to suit the varying degrees of devciopment among human beings. It does not interfere with any
man's natural way of thinking, but furthers his growth by
lending a sympathetic and helping hand wherever he stands.
It accepts all the Sacred Scriptures of the world and bows
down in reverence before all the Saviors aud prophets. It
believes that the same Gospel of Truth is preached by all; the
only difference is in the language, not in the essential meaning. It teaches one how to attain the highest in this own r~
ligion, but · tells him he must allow the same freedom to his
brother. Thus it leaves no place for discussion; but see:ng
the One Divine Power behind all forms of worship, it proclaims universal tolerance and assimilation.
THE AMERICAN ·ESPERANTIST CO.• INC.
Wa tertown, Waltham and Washington Stre~ts
WEST NEWTQN STATION. BOSTON, MASS.
"Shall J. P. Morgan
Own The Earth?"
- a booklet which PROVES, by photographed extracts from an
official U. S. Government Report, that the Morgan wealth and
power arc twenty times greater than realized. How Morgan
(after the wa r) can manipulate a "panic"; then buy cheaply
control of all vital industries; dispossess YOU of wealth; e·
duce MILLIONS to abject slavery. How he keeps knowledge of
this power suppressed; how newspapers are controlled; gov.
ernments anJ legislatures corrupted. Price 50 cents- and your
money back if not satisfied that the information given is well
worth the price. Descriptive circular, testimonials, etc., free.
A~ents wanted.
Address:
JACK PANSY, Publisher; P.O. Box LC-307, Grand Rapids, Mich.
M
Colony Representatives Wanted
•
The Spirit Teaching Of lndia
Trustworthy, responsible, competent agents are desired m
diflerent communities to represent the colony and to interest
desirable persons in this enterprise.
Only men and women of constructive minds, self-sacrificing
disposition, and energy are wanted. If you• are willing to work
for the good of a great cause in a wholly constructive way,
you are invited to correspond with the Membership Department
and to get the Representatives Proposition. Persons actuated
only by self-interest need not apply.
Membership Department
LLANO
DEL
RIO
THE INTERNATIONALIST.
PEAR~ON'
COLONY
One Dolla~ a Year.
MAGAZINE. $2 a Year.
BOTH FOR $2.50 a Year.
"I TER 1ATIONALIST" SUBSCRIPTION CARDS
ix Cards for $3.60-10 Cards for $5.00
Subscription Cards must be purchased in advmce for
"- Cash. Agents can make good profits taking INTERNATIONALIST Subscriptions.
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS
Stables, Louisiana
LLANO COLONIST READERS
Due to mechanical and other difficulties, the "Llano
Colonist" will not be re-published for several months yet. It
will be revived, however, and it will be bigger and better
than ever. We have been waiting in .order that when we
did start, we could greatly impHlVe it in size and quality.
Those who have subscribed for the Colonist will kindly be
patient and they will be rewarded with the improved weekly
which shall come later.
The new weekly will be calleJ 'The Co-operative Socialist."
It will be a six-column paper, carrying the latest Socialist and
labor news. feature articles, news of the Llano del Rio Colony,
and a feature editorial page.
The Llano Publicatio ns
....
'
�Real Estate Bargains
The following properties are among those that have been listed for sale or trade with the LLANO lAND BUREAU.
Many of these are exceptional BARGAINS. As more and more property is listed, it becomes possible to "offer a
variety . in all portions of the country_ Those who wish to sell or trade or by, or knowing of others who wish to
buy, are invited to correspond with the LLANO lAND BUREAU. NO COMMISSIONS ARE CHARGED those expecting to come to the Llano Colony.
TEXAS.-Gregg County. 405 acres on Sabine river, five miles
from Gladewater. 60 acres in cultivation; improvements; pine and oak
timber. $20 an acre. Terms to suit purchaser.--mbw.
LOUISIANA. Heflin. 100 acres in Bienville Parish. Rolling upland ; all first class. Price $15 an acre.- jb. ·
$1350- Houc.e and lot; 6 rooms; lot 33Yzxl50; barn 18x20; long
time to pay, dt Orbisiania, Pa.-gem.
$1340 cash, Balance $25 a month, for beautiful home in Liberal, Kansas; will rent for $30 a-;.,onth; modern in every way; 10 rooms;
will pay out in rented rooms. A real bargain. Trade considered.-alk.
$200- Business lot in Seadrift, Texas.-dc.
5 Acres; Truck land in oil belt; close to oyster fishing. Seadrift. Texas.
This is a bargain at $1200. Will consider trade.-dc.
4-Room House; large lot; Seadrift, Texas, for $500.-dc.
2 Lots in Henrico, Virginia, for $400. T erros.--em
40x80 Lot in New York City for $800.-gfj.
$1500 for Ill acres rich land in Washington. Fine fruit district.-gfj
IS acre Cherry Orshard. fenced; 8-room house. barn. running water;
$8000. A producing place; will soon pay itself out.-gfj.
Lot in healthful disirict of Washington; thriving small town; good investment. Owner must leave.-$800.- pj
160 Acres in Washington; I million feel timber, 12 acres cultivated;
house, barn, springs ; fine climate; good farm land. $1500. A bargain.
-am.
! 60 Acres in coast mountains of California; timber. Splendid climate;
timber will pay large portion. $4000.- mep
1280 acres. Los Animas Co .. Colo., small bldgs.; Fine bean land, ideal
for stock. Sell or trade. $400.-lmc
4 Acres in close to business district; Twin Falls, Idaho. Splendid
opportunity in live town. $4000.- gee
Business lot Twin Falls. Idaho. $1700. A bargain.-gee
42 acres at Los Gatos, California. Income of $4000 a year; health and
pleasure resort. Going Business. Good reasons for selling. Price
$20,000. Consider terms.
7-Room Modem House; electricity, toilet bath. 10 minutes walk from
business district of Eureka, one of the finest cities of California. Worth
$1350 and a bargain at this price. Will trade. -aej
Modern home at Atascadero, California. 20 fruit trees, splendid climate. $2500, $1500 cash. balance mortgage. Will consider trade. -rwv
160 Acres at LaGrande, Ore. 5-room house, 40x20 barn, log black-
smith shop and bunk house, springhouse; 300,000 feet saw timber;
60 acres good farm land; market for wood at $6 a cord. This is
a genuine bargain. Owner had to leave on account of wife's health.
$1800 takes it.-clg.
607 acres in Nebraska, mostly grazing; 40 acres broken; small house,
and barn, all fenced and cross fenced, well, windmill and tank. $6000,
to be $2500 cash, remainder long time. - mjf
$600 for Six Acres ; house; all fenced and all under cultivation. Close
to coast. A bargain.-hat
$3500 for 160 acres in New Mexico ; will consider trade ; also four
lots in Hammond, Okla. for $700.- pfs
40 acres; Heber Springs, Arkansas; will consider trade. $1600.- jc.
3 parcels 'of Land at Chico, California. T ra"de considered.-jw
TEXAS, near Tomball; ISO acres; 40 acres under fence and cultivation; 5-room House; smoke house and barn; 30 acr<s more has
been cultivated and can easily be put in cultivation; balance cut-over
timber land; drainage perfect; has oil indications. Price $2500. Will
consider trade for part. balance five yearly paymeuts of $250 at 7
percent semi-annually. Immediate possession with crop. This IS a
splendid deal. Fine climate.-aec
$450- two lots Stockton, California
$3250-House and lot in San Francisco
$3500- Thirty-acre farm, mountains of California; $2000 for farm
without stock. This is an excellent location and good property.
$500 for ten acres in Florida, suitable for oranges and vegetables.
$2217 for good business in Iowa town, plumbing and heating.
Florida land-10 acres, partly improved, house and buildings.
160 acres-Kansas, unimproved land, $2000, sell or trade.
320 acres unimproved Kansas · land, $3200.
240 acres in Texas, 95 in cultivation, two houses, $20 an acre.
$2500 for good place in Mississippi. -vle
40 acres in Texas, good improvements, $75 an acre. Sell or trade.
200 acres Arkansas land, improvements, orchard and house, stock,
tools. implements included; all for $6000. Sell or trade.
165 acres Texas for $10,000. Terms.
160 acres Texas, unimproved good rice or fig land. $25 an acre.- aec
2u · acres Idaho, $225 an acre. Liberal Terms.-jcc
$300 for lot in thriving Alabama town. Sell or trade.
$400 for 40 acres southern Alabama, unimproved.
$1600 for 40 acres in Florida. Liberal terms.-alc
$1500 for house and lot in Grand .Rapids, Mich. Rents for $17.50.
NOTE!-If you have a prospecti,·e buyer, perhaps we may show you how he may borrow the money to p-urchase
your land. Many buyers are availing themselves of this plan and make deals possible that could not otherwise be made.
Llano Land Bureau, Stables, ·La.
Price $100
- The subjects commonly taught in our public school, the time at which
they 3re taught, and the amounts taught, are determined by tradition, not
by a fresh and untrammeled consideration of living and present needs.-Dr.
Flexner, "Modern School Magazine."
Thirty Days Free Trial
- The new Browning machine gun, weighing IS pounds, will fire twenty
shots before you can take your finger off the trigger.-Lucian Cary,
" Colliers."'
COMRADES. send us $1.00 for this Razor, use it thirty days, then
if you don't believe it to be the equal of any $2.00 Razor on the
market, return it and we will exchange it for a new one or refund
your money, as you desire. Furnished with plain black hand!~ either
round or square point, extra hollow ground Ys-inch blade. Price,
$1.00 each or six for $5.00, postpaid. If convenient, remit by P. 0.
or Express Money order. Address-
RED FlAG RAZOR COMPANY
PARAGOULD, ARKANSAS
IF OUR RAZORS DON'T MAfi GOOD, WE WILL.
(
powerine
is equal to gasoline at_ 5c a gallon; salesmen and
agents wanted; exclusive territory granted. POWERINE is guaranteed to be harmless, to remove and prevent carbon,
doubling the life of all gasoline motors, saving repairs, adding snap,
sJ1eed and power. An amount equal to 20 galloru of gasoline will
be sent to any address in the U. S., charges prepaid, for $ 1.00.
W. PORTER BARNES, SANTA ROSA. CAL. Dept 2H
I
�--- ,-----, l
You Are Coming To
Louisiana-and are going to locate in Vernon Parish. We will
welcome you and do everything to make your stay
pleasant. If you do well, we will be benefited as well
as yourself.
Do
Socialism
To Win?
Look at the Election .Returns from the few cities
given below. Help us roll up a stagering vo~ and
send a lighting delegation to Congress. Stait the 1918
campaign NOW!
New · York City
1913- 32,000
1917-150,000
-We want your BANKING BUSINESS.
- We have the facilities.
Chicago
1916--16,000
1917-27,000
West Louisiana Bank,
Leesville, Louisiana
Cleveland
1915- 6,000
1917-27,000
"The Bank for Vernon Parish People"
Dayton
1916-- 4,800
1917-:-12,000
Toledo
1915- 2.800
1917-14,903
Rochester
1916--1,450
1917-8,200
On To Washington!
Officers :
5. T. WARD. President
A. L DRF.I3EN. Vice-President
G. ED. WEt-!RT. Vice-President
c·. M. ADDISON, Vice-President
You ~ Want
J.
R. BAGENTS, Jr. Vice-Pres.
]AS. B. ROARK, Cashier
T. CLEARY, Assistant-Cashier
W.CMcELVEEN, Assist.Cashier
WE BELIEVE IN OUR PARISH AND IN OUR LANDS.
THE OPPORTUNITIES ARE HERE FOR YOU!
f!l Send in what you can to the MILLION DOLLAR
FUND. Let this· be America's answer to oppression
and autocracy.
lJI Send all communications and contributions to
OLIVER C. WILSON, Financial Director, Room 405,
803 W. Madison Street, Chicago, Ill.
''Democracy or Despotism?''
By Walter Thomas Mills
Author of "The Struggle for Existence"
f!l
"DEMOCRACY AND DESPOTISM" is a Complete Discussion of Every Problem Involved in the Study of Democracy in the Shops, Factories, Mines, Markets, in the Cities,' States, Nations, and in International Affairs.
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Address:
The International School of Social Economy
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INTERNATIONALIST. This is the new nal'(le of the "Western Comrade," the change being inade with this issue.
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THE
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INTERNATIONALIST
Stables,
I
Louisiana
I
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Own a Plantation
Near the Colony
T
HE COLONY has made arrangements to sell small plantations to those who prefer individual ownership of land.
Now the opportunity is opened for the first time that
so many have written about to own land near the Colony, and
to enjoy many of the advantages of co-operation.
Land is going up rapidly. It has gone up since the colony
located here. In many instances it has doubled. Never again
will land be low in price here. The advantages in the Highlands of Western Louisiana are too great to long be passed
by.
The land we are offering for sale is productive. Prices
range from $15 to $50, according to the quality and character of the land and other essential points. Most of it is
for cash sales only, though there is some that will be sold
on time. While we do not advocate purchasing as a speculation, yet no region in the country offers such promise to profit
by the rise in prices. Values are bounding upward.
Those seeking homes will be interested. Building materials
are low in price. Equipment is not costly. This land will be
sold in tr~cts to suit. Those wishing it should write immediately, stating the sort of land desired, the price in cash
they a re able to pay, the number of acres, and such other information as will enable us to write you definitely in reply.
The choicest of this land will go rapidly. Now is the .time to
plan for a home in the South. Address letters inquiring about
land to the
Uano Land Bureau
STABLES,
LOUIS IANA
AGENTS WANTED: A Good Proposition to Trustworthy
Agents. Write TODAY
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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The Internationalist, 1918-05
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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Formerly Western Comrade
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1918-05
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Western Comrade
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application/pdf
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v06n01
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40 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
The Internationalist
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PDF Text
Text
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Price Ten Cents
March-April, 1918
Peace and Its Meaning
. by
Uptor:t
Sinclair
The Menace of Militarism
by · Norman
Thomas
Poverty and The Single Tax
by
SamueL Danziger
. Boudin's War Analysis
by
Ida
Crouch -- Hazlett
Socialism Triumpha~t
by
R. A.
Editorials
The
Most
Constructive
Dague
by Job
Magazine
Harriman
for
Socialism
In
�Your Gateway to Freedom
LLANO'S 16,000 ACRE PLANTATION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF WESTERN LOUISIANA
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ed as rapidly as possible.
16,000 FERTILE ACRES
With a complete understanding of the needs
of agricultural production, every ava;lable man is put on the farm.
This work takes precedence over all else. very avenue of waste is
being closed as fast as discovered. Elimination of useless work and reduction of only partly necessary tasks is insisted on. The aim of
the Colony is not only to support itself the very first year, but to
have arl ample ·margin left over. This will take careful and systematic
planning. Through this care and foresight, the new Colony will be
able to take care of all of its residentJ, including increase. Housing
is simplified by the number of houses acquired with the property.
After a nation-wide se.rch, it was finally decided to purchase 16,000 acres in the healthful highlands of Vernon Parish in Western Louisiana, at Stables, one mile frmn Leesville, the parish seat of Vernon
Parish, Thi• is abou t IS miles from the Sabine river, about 40 mile•
from the Red river, (both navigable), forty miles from Alexandria,
I 00 miles from Shreveport, and about 200 miles from New Orleans.
The hi ghlands of this district are fertile, high, well-d rained, health-
Because the new property is on the railroad, the hauling of goods
and materials is much simplif1ed . . Lumber for '~atever building is
now requ ired is found in abundance on the property, ~ven without
touching the timber that is growing there. Cars may be unloaded
on the platform of the Colony's warehouse.
HE Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony was 'j'Stablished at Llano,
Los Angeles Coun ty, California, in May, 1914. It attracted
attention throughout the country· because of the calibre of the
men who were .conducting it. Hundreds joined the colony and during
the three years hundreds of acres of Nchards and alfalfa were planted,
a community ga rden was grown, and many industries were established,
From the first, the intention was to form other colonies, extending
the work as rapidly as possible. The first ex tension has been organized.
ful.
TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
There are no swamps, no malaria, no mosquitoes, no fevers more
than arc found in other states. Heaith reports show th at this portion
of Louisiana can compare favorably with any other section of the
United States. There is an ab undance of drinking water of excellent
quality.
A most careful investigation was made regarding health conditions.
Reports compiled by the Health Department of Louisiana were studied.
Inh abitan ts of this district were interviewed. All agreed on the healthfuln ess of this portion of the State, and those who have heard diScouraging reports from Louisiana are invited to make fu rther and more
care ful inves tlga tion before arriving at conclusions.
The huge tract lies southwest of Leesville and ha~ had most of
the timber cu t off. Remainin g along the creeks,however, are sca ttered pines of the long leaf variety to supply the Colony with buildin g material for many years .to come. About 1200 acres of hardwood timber worth many thousands of dollars are also on the land
and offer opportunities for the es tabli shing of many industries. The
timber is, beech, magnoli a, whit e oak. cypress, walnut, post oak,
red oak, sweet gum, and hickory. The trees are splendid ones,
aml this body of timber is not to be surpassed in quality.
A TOWN CAME WITH IT
When the purchase was first contemplated, and it was finally
decided to buy the 16,000 acres near Leesville, it was found that the
lumber hamlet of Stables stood on the property. This was acquired wi th the land. A hotel of 18 rooms, 27 habi table houses.
I 00 other small houses, one shed- 130x300 feet, one shed 130x200
feet, one shed . 80x I 00 feet, one store 30x90, one office 40x50, eight
other sheds and structures. The lumber in these buildings. together
with other lumber on the place, amounts to about 2 million feet.
Tics for a railroad ex tend across the land. A concrete power house
and 5 concrete drying kilns ( cos t to erect them, $12.000) each kiln
about 20x70 by 20 feet high, a re also included. Stables is on the
main line of the Kansas City Southern Railroad. This town will be
occupied for a while, but later a more systematically laid out town will
be built.
WHAT CAN BE PRODUCED ~
This is the first question asked. A careful investigation has been
made. No chances of mistake were taken. It is found that a great
variety of products do well here. Peaunts, sweet potatoes, melons . of
all kinds, corn, cotton, and sugar cane, will be the best producers
•nd the best income-bringers. Vegetables of all kinds do well, and
· · will yield great return s. This region is not sufficiently well
for fruit to make detailed statements possible, but from a
sources of undoubted reliability, assurance is given that
prunes, cherries, and similar fruits can be profitably
Cattle and sheep and goats can find forage during nearly the
year, while the raising of hogs is profitable because of the abunof corn that may be grown here.
PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT
comes first. The Colonj• thoroughly realizes the responsthe necessities put upon it. Efficiency is insisted on, and
week foremen are required to attend efficiency classes . The
workers are also given instruction. Records are kept showof time, achievemen t, resuhs, !:'I)Sts.
organization being perfected.
There is a systematic and
Land is b<ing cleared and plow-
-- .
COLONY INDUSTRIES
The establshmen t of industries goes forward as . rapidly as this
can be achieved. These arc at present secondary to food production.
Land must be cleared, plowed, fenced, tilled. Later industries will be
given attention. At presel\t the hotel, dairy, printing department;
livestock, etc .. are the indu stries. Some machinery is on the ground
which has not been se t up and will not be until circumstances justify.
HOW TO BECOME A MEMBER
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is organized as a stock
company in order to secure the protection of the law to the fullest
extent. Each member purchases two thousand shares at the par value
of $1 a sha re. One -thousand is to be paid in cash or equivalent before ' the member becomes a resident of the colony. This fu rnishes
the capital fo r financi ng until the colony lands are producing. The
remaining thousand shares is worked out at the rat e of $1 a day
credited on stock. In addition the member is paid a small cash wage,
and credi ted with a bonus which brings the total ·amount to $4 a
day. Each member is furnished with a place to live and is guaranteed
s teady employment .
There is also the Instalment Member plan by which those who cannot make payments in fu ll at once may take out a membership on
which they may pay $10 or more each month. Those interested in
this plan arc invited to write specially concerning it.
A change in the initi al payments of memberships is soon to be
made. Other changes are contemplat ed. and the statements herein
made concerning memberships may not be in force after May I. 191 8.
AGENTS WANTED
Trustworthy agent s are desired in different communities, and those
who can furnish first -rate references are invited to correspond with the
Membership Department concerning becoming our representative.
LAND FOR SALE
Many have inquired about buying land. The Llano Land Bureau
will offer land close to the Colony for sale a t reasonable prices and
on reasonable terms.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
More detailed infonn'ation is"· given in the " Ga teway to Freedom"
which outlines the idta of co-operative coloniza tion, the reasons for
it, and what i• hoped may be achieved, together wi th the methods
to be used. The folder " Llano's Plantation in the Highlands of
Louisiana" goes into more detail concerning the new 16,000 acre
tract.
The new colony in Loui, iana can support a population of perhaps
several thousand person, . It offers wonderful opportunitie• to all
who join. You are invited to write to the Membership Department
for full information abo ut ar.y point not made clear, and answers to
questions you ask. Address
Membership Department
LLANO
DEL
RIO
COLONY
Stables, Louisiana
�·.\
Pol
t i c a l - Action.
Co-operatioD
Socialiim
The Western Comrade
"The Most Constructive Magazine for Socialism ill America."
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916. at the postoflice at Uano, Cal., under Act of March 3, 1679.
·Application for entry as sc!cond,,class matter at the postoflice at Leesville, La., pending.
JOB
HARRIMAN... _,_____Mana,U.c Editor
ALANSON SESSIONS~------Auociate Editor
ERNEST S. WOOSTER....Basiaeu Manacer
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1; · Siagle copies IOc;; ~lubs of 4 or more (ia U.S.) 50c. Combination with Uano Coloniat.'$1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE. but are asked to give credit.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is changed.
Please do not send subscriptions, changes of address, complaints, etc., to individuals. Address All. communications to the Uano Pnblications, Stables, La. This paper will not assume responsibility unless this rule is followed.
•
The Western Comrade neither approves nor disapproves the sentiments expressed in contributions not signed by one of the editors.
Vol. V.
LEESVILLE,
LJ\., MARCH -APRIL,
1918.
No. 11-12.
By Job Harriman
E
VERY political contingency depends upon the con·
ditions prevailing at th~ hour the policy is adopted.
Lenine insists upon peace at all cost. He thinks life
is dearer than property or territory. He hates such
peace as reigned at Warsaw. He prefers peace that
leads to the living, to war that leads to the dead.
He knows that in this day of reading men cannot
ldng l ~ he,ld in subjection. He knows that peace will
bring ,.reater rewards to living Russia than -any war
can bt ing to her dead. He knows that an intelligent
peaceful man is more honorable than any brute that
ever lived, however pO,werful. He knows that this war
is worthy only of the disgust of thoughtful men, and he
refuses to enter the mire.
He knows that compuls~ry military training is the
open sesame to a still it10re terrible war . .
He knows that Russia will not fight.
He know_s that pacifism is right.
- --o---
A
LMOST all the conservative .papers are maligning
President Wilson ostensibly because he has not
performed the impossible, but in reality because he
does not believe in compulsory military training.
What is the impossible that he has not performed?
He ' has not caused sufficient ships to be built to land
sufficient -forces and munitions across the sea· to crush
the Kaiser.
Fighting such an enemy three thousand miles from
one's seat of supplies is an impossible task and President
Wilson should not be held entirely responsible for it..
Especially should we sympathize with him when we see
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him being condemned by the very element that opposed
his election and ' forced this government into the war.
Now we are in and n~w the same element is still
against this government on one vital point.
' Secretary Baker" is opposed to · compulsory military
trammg. Up to this point he speaks the sentiment of
President Wilson. The capitalist papers of this country
are practic·ally all in favor of compulsory military trainmg.
This is the real issue, and let none forget it.
Whatever may ·be the popular sentiment concerning
this war, at least one thing is . sure: every loyal American citizen should stand solidly against compulsory
··
military tr~ining. '
It is'. upon this rock that the Kaiser has built his kingdoni.·
It is upon this rock that capitalism hopes to build its
government.
Compulsory military training is the devil's gateway
to hell!
A
LL EUR,O PE is il) a tremendous civil turmoil.
The Labor movement of England Is laying hold
of the powers of government. Already it has put forth
the most constructive and far-reaching proclamation
ever issued by any body of living men.
It is blazing the pathway for all modern civilization.
The labor movement of the wo~ltl is accepting it as its
own.
. Everywhere, all over the world, labor is recoiling from
the war.
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MASSES of human . beings will not change their
colfrse either becaus~ of pain or reason.
The prevailing institutions impress themselves so indelibly upon: and weave themselves so intricately into,
the mass psychology, that the ast majority of mankind
' accepts those institutions. without question, and acts on
blind impulse in line with them.
Reason unifies only the few, while it develops num- .
berless isms· among the many.
While 4nder the complex and heterogeneous influences
of a vast industrial and co.n~ercial system, it is impossible for the public mind to visualize, or unify upon,
any undeveloped system.
One answerable reason for this fact is that no un-·
tried system can be forecasted with sufficient detail to
be practicable. Just ahead are unforeseen mountaii)S
and chasms, pitfalls and precipices, forming sufficient
obstacles to require new and other adaptabilities.
In the forecast, some see one, some ano'ther obstacle,
all weaving themselves into an entangled web, from
which the psychology of the mass cannot be extricated.
Is there, then, no hope?
No hope without suffering?
No reorganization without pain and distress ?
Reorganization of the masses without thought on the
part of the masses seems an impossible contradiction,
and yet this is precisely what always takes place and
what is taking place in the world at this hour.
A world famine, vampire-like, is creeping stealthily
over the earth. Whereve1 its deadening blight reaches
the masses of any people, it unifies them: ·
It does not unify their thought, but it does unify
their action.
. Create certain t onditions, and a herd of cattle, without thought, will stampede in a given direction.
Create a certain condition about human beings-1et
that condition be hunger, and they will all stampede in
the same direction, with one purpose, and without
thought.
Whatsoever institution is adequate to provide food
while the stampede is on will be the institution th.a t will
hold and shape the destiny of the stampeding force, in
conformity with such institution.
Thus new social organisms are born, and new industrial systems are formed without thought on the part of
the masses. •
-o--
·SOCIAL revolutions and their development are substantially like the development and the hatching
of the fetus.
The forces impelling them move blindly and . by 1mpulse rather than by11 rational calculation.
f
THE ~or~l
standards : of humanity vary with the
character of its ec.onomic institutions. When these
institutions are subjects of conquest, the easiest way to
gain an existence, however heartless ,and brutal. even
though it ravishes the tender lives of children, will be
legaliz~d and supported by judges, priests and iaymen.
In terms of "justice," "equ'ity" and "law," the judges
will understand; in terms of "God's Will," the priests
will' explain; in terms of wealth and .power the laymen
will act; and in points of advantage the vast majority
will live and have its being.
Dark and gloomy as is this l~galized m~ral debauchery, fn the midst of it all there are those who always
give more than they receive-yet the streams of the'lr
Jives flow ever fuller and sweeter. ·
They give their best thought and reap a harvest of
growth.
·
They give their strength to help the weak and reap a
thrill of k~enest joy.
They think in terms . of love and affection and are
rewarded with increasing health.
They weep and mourn for the weak and weary and
their very despair ripens into hope, and hope into profound happiness.
Their lives are shining lights in a be~ighted w~rld.
Follow them, and though the path seems thorny, it will
be of roses.
D
EMOCRACY means CONTROL BY THE PEOPLE.
by the use of such measures as the initiative, the
referendum, and the recall.
It does NOT mean MANAGEMENT by the people.
The MANAGEMENT of a political or industrial enterprise must be performed by a competent EXECUTIVE,
with the aid of competent SUBORDINATES selected. by
him.
Management by. the people means that ALL . the
people pass upon ALL the. details of an enterprise.
This is impossible because conflicting opinions of the
different people prevent an early and satisfactory deCision on any matter. This does not mean that only
one perso~ is capable of so managing ; it simply means
that only one person at a time is capable of efficiently
effecting a plan.
It is not a question of intelligence; it is a question
of expedition-of efficiency. As long as the people
have the CONTROL, they need not fear autocracy on
the part of the executiv~. At any time that his inefficiency or corruption of management necessitates his dismissal, the people have the power to recall him.
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HE . Republi~n U~ite~ States Senators -voted aga1o11st grant!_jlg authonty to President Wilson to
take legal title to the- German steamship piers at Hoboken, New Jersey.
These doughty, treasonabl~;. ,Senators had .rather that
German big -business should o~n such sources of wealth
than that the people of this country shall own tli~m.
They feated that it would lead to public ownership
of water transportation and for this reason · they said
they refused to vote such authority.
The people are paying for our new ships. They are
financing them during the war and sustaining all losses.
Why should they not own and operate them after the
wa r and- receive all benefits?
There is one reason and th.a t is that big business in
this country used these senators for the purpose of preventing such so urces of wealth and power hom passing
from their grasp.
We have often said, and now repeat, that the patriolism of big business ends when its profits end.
Here is a case where these senators became traitors
to this country and allies to the Central Powers, simply
for the money there is in it.
The President should be supported in this step. Every
senator that voted against th at measure should be
hurled from power for his diabolical treason and treachery. If it is treason to betray this government
to the enemy, it is certainly high-treason to betray the
people who make this government possible.-
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made to· believe untrue ~ things. It will not occur to
those who do not carefully analyze, that the reported
fail';lre of a colony is being given undue prominence.
But the colony has not failed. It stands today invincible because its members are firmly . determined to
ma~e it succeed.
_
Greater shocks have been withstood in the past and
Lla~'s wealth · is the strength of its members, and the
tes~ed band who are pushing forward - dauntlessly
will not give up. The plots of self::Seekers, the sneers
of enemies, the hard circumstanc~s imposed by Nature
are not enough to make these _pioneers giye up.
The Llano Colonists are in the organization for a
principle._· - They will not turn back on the path they
have elected to tread. They foresaw that dissension
would be sowed if possible, that their credit would be
undermined when the oppor!unity offered, that the
capitalistic press would herald their misfortunes but
would never chronicle a success. - They looked cleareyed into · the future then and th;y look into it now.
They have given up good positions, security, and ease
for a principle. · It will take more than the obstacles
imposed by an unfair press to deter them.
Today the colonists at Stables, Louisiana, are calling
on their friends throughout the nation to stand firmly
by them, not to be misled by the tales fhat are
told, not to falter. The gibes and sneers, the downright
falsehoods, the insinuations that are spread-these· are
circulated for a purpose. There is a menace in the •
triu'mph of co-operation, a menace thaf every capitalist
tshet~ss
- - o- more Jlartt' c- .
maenndaciet. ts worth their while to a tempt to stifle
ROM all portions of the country, and
ularly from the West, have come press ciippings
If you are a friend of the Colony, now is the time to
and editorials which tell of the "failure of a Socialistic show it in as substantial manner as you can. Now is
colony."
the time fen actions, for deeds, for adherence to a purThis is not a conspiracy; perhaps; but m-erely the re- _ pose and a principle. If you are truly. a friend of the
printing of news which came from a common source. Colony, show it today.
Learned editorials have been written on the failure of
The Llano Colony is going on. It is making greater co-operation. These are sometimes set alongside a preparations than ever before, and greater progress, .
column of matter urging greater co-operation. The in- Your help is asked for the -good of a cause. ,If you are
congruity of it passes unnoticed.
willing to do your part, do it NOW! Circulate this
For four years the press-has hammered the Llano del magazine widely and help us to get the truth before
Rio Co-operative Colony. Persons believed . to be the people.
/
spies have worked from within. Others, urged by the
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of the democratic f,s.
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stones have been left unturned that might work mJury
to the Colony.
The iatest attacks have been swift and hard. Timid
persons are being frightened. Impatient people are
being made discouraged. Unthinking perso.ns 'are being
point of population. "There
ation, nor more dyin~ for the
That, too, is the message of
of the workers of Germany,
of France and Italy.
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Page six
W.estern
Comrade
A.s Others See Us
"LLANO stands ·for a ba~d of hardy pioneer.s who are ing remodeled into an industrial building to shelter a . number
ready to .battle with the elements, delighting in hard- of colony industries such as blacksmith shop, machine · shop,
ships in the knowledge that they are leading the way planing mill, and othe~s as they are required. This structo a better, cleaner life. Tell the comrades not to talk about ture is 300 feet long and 130 feet wide. The warehouse
the outside world as if they were an exclusive set. They are nearest the railroad houses the colony print shop. Offices ·
the center upon which we who are i~ the maelstrom of cap- have been built adjoining the printshop in which are the
italism depend to prove the application of co-operative prin- membership dep'a rtment and the real estate bureau.
"I was' commissioned by a . number of comrade.s from the
ciples. Tell them that the workers on the outside are losing
out. I tell you, comrades, the crust of capitalism is we"ii.r:ng north to examine the soil and to make inquiries concerning
very thin. Already there is a flux on the labor market. · . · . its productivity. I made investigation among · nearby tarmers .
Stick to it. There never was a movement of such vital im- · who have been there for many years. I learned from them
portance to the workers as the Colony. Now is the' app.o inted that the land is good. These men have raised large families
time. Measure up to your responsibilities, for they are and I was surprised at the show of thrift, which is above the
usual average of the South. These farmers told m~ that their
great."
This is an excerpt from a letter written by a member who gardens produce for them every month of the year. They
has been away for about a year. He left us without malice, especially mentioned the fact that chickens and poultry have
but with some dissatisfaction with colony life . . The call of returned them good cash benefits during the past few years.
.. , was pleasantly surprised at the work done on the planthe outside became once more strong within him, and its
harassments dimmed in his mind. He forgot, in a measure, tation. Clearing, plowing, arid fencing have gone steadily
the annoyances and unpleasa nt things. Others have' do~e the forward. In five days posts wer.e -set for four miles of fence.
"The land is slightly rolling. This . is the highest region of
same. His is but one of many such letters received from
those who have for one reason or another been compelled to Louisiana, and is known as the Highlands, even though the
leave the Colony. Community life where there are no con- highest point is only a few hundred feet above sea level.
flicting private interests is a pleasant life, and though many However, this elevation is sufficient to make this an extremecome who bring with them the worries of the place they have ly healthful region. This point is of supreme importance to
left, and take on cares that are wholly unnecessary, yet none persons expecting to make the colony their home.
"The colony has a tract of almost 20,000 acres. It is
can gainsay the advantages of living in the Colony.
How the Colony impresses the visitor who comes to ap- covered with . brush in some places and stumps over the most
praise, to criticise in a fair manner ,and to go out expecting of it, though. there is quite an acreage of good timber land.
to advise those who ask questions is well presented in the re- The principal crops to be grown are sweet potatoes, peanuts,
port that Walter Huggins made of his February visit to t'he melons, corn, and cotton, with garden truck. The premium
Llano Colony in Louisiana. Comrade Walter Huggins ·is crops are melons, peanuts, and sweet potatoes. The yield
known to every co-operative association within a radius of is almost incredibly large. There are vast possibilities for
many miles of Chicago, and his home at 936 Le Clare Av- fruit growing, particularly in fig production. Rice produces
well enough to pay to grow it. Ribbon cane brings good
1 enue, Chicago, is visited by scores of co-operators in quest ot
\ advice. His interest in co-operative colonization was demon- profits. Oats, tobacco, velvet beans, and virtually all vege. \ strated first by his visit to Llano, California, nearly two years tables yield satisfactorily. Velvet beans, especially, thrive in
Iago. His thirty-six years of experience gives his views the a manner beyond belief. It is a standard stock feed and soil
iauthority of the expert in co-operative enterprises. Walter builder in the ·south.
"One of the things that particularly impressed me was the
uggins writes:
"I believe that the u'ano Plantation in the Highlands of character of meals served at the hotel. The price, when I
was there, was 12!/zc. They have been lower, but it is un~estern Louisiana i~ one of the g_reatest things ever .attempt1J:>y .a~y co-operallve, and certau_1ly the greatest ariy .g.roup likely that the price will go higher. The meals are substantial,
. ~c1ahsts ever attempted. I arnved at Stables, Loms1ana, the quantity is sufficient, and the preparation of the food
.
l1ary 23 and stepped off the train directly on the Colony makes it palatable. Ribbon cane, which could not be bought
rty. The weather was warm and pleasant. When I left in Chicago markets a t any price when I left there, is served
,.go the streets at~d alleys were covered to a depth of each meal, ·except on sweetless days. One of the greatest
, four feet with snow, and had been for many weeks. prospects the colony has is in the production of ribbon cane
g my st~ at the Llano Plantation I went without my syrup for the northern markets.
"One of the colonists, who does not live at the hotel, told
\ Peach trees were in blossom and the ground was green
young grass. New leaves were putting out on the trees me his meals cost him 8Vz cents each. He lives well and
\e surrounding forests.
believes meals will cost less when the garden stuff begins to
hen I stepped from the train I saw a large warehouse, come in, whi~h will be in Ma rch. I also understood that it
l railroad switch, an office building, and a store, with ·was quite likely that meals would be reduced at the hotel at
that time to ten cents.
~ ther buildings not far off. I asked whose they were,
"On Sunday, February 24, I stood in my shirt sleeves in the
"S surprised to learn that these buildings were a part ot
\ -.y property. The commissary was fairly ·well stocked open air in front 'of the colony hotel and addressed a large
oubt it will not be long before a big stock of articles audience of colonists. I was told I could have done that
·
a country store will be on the shelves. There same thing a month previous. I sat up till two o'clock on
for a large trade with nearby neighbors. Saturday night (or Sunday morning) without a fire. We sat
sold on a cost basis to colonists; outsiders must with our coats off. Coming from Chicago where the thermometer had been hovering close to zero for many weeks, this
the railroad about 200 yards and west of the was very pleasant to me.
"Co-operatives are not new to me and I went thoroughly
station, is another great building. This is beI
"
__.. . . _
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The
We s tern
Comrade
into the plans of the Llano Plantation. I find that a system
of cost-accounting is in operation that fixes the pri'ces of all
inter-departmental work; _and also fixes- the prices of meals
and services and commodities. Colonists are being paid. a
smali wage. This is not large, but ample within the colony
to sustain the workers. Children are paid on an eight-hour
l;>asis, permitting . them to earn an education, the hours of
pay including school , time. They must come up to certain
standards to be entitled to this wage. As soon as possible
they will commence to prepare meals in their· own clubhouse.
"The prospects for raising livestock are limitless. Feed
is abundant durii1g most of the year. Corn and hay are
cheaply grown. Garden _truck thrives and because of_ the
long growing season will cut down living expense wond~r
fully.
Producing its own meat and vegetables, as well
as many other foods and food-products, the colony should be
· able to sustain its population with a minimum of outside purchases.
"Industries will be established, no doubt, as rapidly as circumstat~ces permit. and conditions justify. A cotton gin will be
profitable. A small cane -mill, a small grist mill, and other
minor industries will take care of the colony needs. There
is now a small hand laundry. Later machinery will be ihstalled and outside business· solicited. There is a splendid
opportunity for the dairy. Abundant standing timber ;or
colony uses suggests the manufacture of many articles; 1200
acres of hardwood timber are believed to be profitable ror
sawmg.
"I cannot sum up what I saw and what I learned in a
few words, but I can sum up my impression and the result of
my investigation. I believe the Llano Plantation has magnificent opportunities, and it is my advice to every genuine cooperator and socialist to investigate it and to get in touch
with the membership department for additional information
with a view to becomii1g a member of the Llano community
and enjoying the many advantages of co-operation at the
Llano Plantation."
These are only a few of the good things that Walter Huggins had to say about us. He spent several days a~c!_ was
not idle a moment of the time he was on the Plantatwn . He
came to get info-rmation along certain definite lines and he
went away well pleased with his visit.
It will take time to eradicate f rom the minds of the multitude, the many mistaken ideas they have regarding. health
conditions in Western Louisiana and their erroneous Impressions about the climate. But those who cam·e from California
are enthusiastic in their praise of the climate of Western
Louisiana. Those who have lived in Central and Southern
California for twenty ·years, or even more, are delighted with
weather a'nd health conditions at the Llano Plantation.
Those interested in the progress of the Llano Plantation
write in asking for the latest information . Having told about
the size and physical condition of the plantation, about the
plans, the clima te, the weather, the housing, the people, there
is little left to tell until something new occurs. Progress only
can be reported. Fencing, plowing. cleari'ng, planting-all
of thes~ have already been told of in considerable detail.
WILL THE COLONY SELL LAND?
This questioi:l has been coming in for four_ y<;ars. Up to
the present ti!lle the answer has been· NO, without qualification.
NOW the answer is YES. The Colony is now -able to sell
land to those who wish to be among us but not of us. hose
who buy land will be enabled to enjoy many of the advantages · of the Colony, though not all of them. They will not
Page seven .
be permitted to live in the Colony city, nor will they have the privileges that those do who a,re wiHing to move into the
l:olony and work .for the Colony and with the Colony for the
benefit of the entire Colony. ,
_
·
Those who wish to buy land ·may do so. It will be offered
them on _as easy terms as the Colony is able to make. They
will be given the opportunity to buy where they may as- .
sociate with 'the Colony.
This is a new departure from the policy that has been .
adhered to in the past. It does not, however, mean · any
change in plans. The _development ·of the Colony . will ~o•_ ahead as originally planned, with perha~ some modificati~ns
in details, but none in the general plan. There will be the
city, with the collective farming of a great tract, and the development of industries.
The new departure of land selling is made possible by conditions that were not present when the -colony was established
in California. A Land Bureau has been established in connection with the membership depa~tment. It will ·ba1tclle ·land
sales. It will also list land for sale, the farm~ and homes of
those living in different parts of the. count;y ~ho wish to
com<; into the Colony.
As the development of the enterprise go-es ahead, it is quile
likely that memberships may be ~dvanced. _This · is already
contemplated, in fact.
In the estimation · of those who have been longest with the·
Colony it is in a better position today in every respect than ·
before. Though it has before it a long period of pioneer
work, yet it will reap results more rapidly than ever before
and its position is more secure in every way. The Colony is .
nearing its fourth birthday, and it is expected that on May
First announcements · can be made that w.ill surprise even the
most optimistic.
A WORD ABOUT LLANO, CALIFORNIA
The capitalistic press, ever ready to record anything detrimental to socialism or co-operation, has recently been re-.porting most gleefully what it terms "the failure of communism." This refers to Llano, Ialifornia. It took the press
four months to learn that the colonists had · decid1;d to migrate to Louisiana. The plain statement of facts-that the
Louisiana property offers prospect of more rapid deveiop.
ment, that the California property is suited almost exclusiveiy
to fruit growing and therefore will require but a small number of persons- does not interest the press.
The colony land in California will be developed to fruit .
as first pianned. About 9000 trees wifl be planted this year . .
They are now being put into the ground. The water situation looks more promising than it did two· months ago. California was threatened with a dry year, but since the first of
February there has been enough rain to bring the total up to
'the annual average, or even beyond it. The mountains are
cevered with snow.
As has been prev'ously stated, only a few people will be
required to carry on the development work of the Calitorma
colony. The necessity of food production brought about by
the war has changed plans everywhere, and the colony is no
exception. In Louisiana . food can . be produced abundantly.
The crops are annual crops. But to produce pears means to
spend several years bringing trees into bearing. ·
Letters a re received complaining that there is little said
about the California colony. In the light of the above facts.
it is easily seen that there is little to say, for with only a
comparatively few persons there and just the general routine
of ranch work being done, nothing of ·special interest can
be reported.
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The
Western
Comrade
The Story of American Socialism
By
Lio~olo
Phifer, Editor "The New World."
Chapter I.
THE
WHY
OF
'fHIN GS
WHAT WAS "IN" THE OISCOVERY OF AMERICA?
T
world. The idea ~ad forced itself into recognition, because it
was wrapped up m the commercial idea.
The -~hole h_istory of .the past five centuries is a story of tli~
?~velop)ng soqal consciOusness making demands on the privIhged, and of the struggle of privilege to maintain itself. Often
the fight was long and bitter; but the people have always won.
qne ?f ~he first manifestations of the commercial idea, operatmg. mdiVIdually for the benefit of the privileged, was license
to piTacy. One of the first acts of the American government ·
was to openly combat pi·rcay and pJ.!t an end to it forever.
Throughout the ages the privileged ~ad imprisoned the unfortunate_ for debt. Jesus makes allusion to the practice in
one of h1s parables. Charles Dickens, well in the nineteenth
century, wrote about it. But the awakening social consciousness put a stop to the outrage. Walter Scott shows that at one
time the court was a private· institution, and the owner-judge
employed the ordeal as a means of determining guilt. The
early American colonies had private judges; but in the course
of time the public or partly socialized judge superceded them
completely. There was a time, even under the United States
government, when white people were held as "indentured servants" or slaves during specified periods, being subject to
fugitive slav.e laws and imprisonment and beating for offenses
against their masters; but the growing social consciousness
ended that ·in the -early days of the republic. In colonial days
the American worker was required to labor twelve or fourteen
hours a day. The growing social consciousness fought this
through bitter years until the ten hour day came, and then the
eight.
All these struggles were, on the one side, for the breaking of
bond 9n the worker, and, on the other, for the rete~tion of
special privilege. They were waged in America and Europe
almost simultaneously- but in America as truly as in Europe.
We are not accustomed to think of them as socialist fights,
and, according to dogmatic definitions, they were not; yet
all of them were for further popular liberty and therefore were
social in nature, and all were closely related, leading in an
unbroken chain down to the demand for scientific socialism.
We err when we isolate in our minds these fights as separate
things, or imagine . them to be peculiar ·to one country and
having no place in another country. The commercial thought
made the world one ; and the social element in the commercial idea .precipitated all these struggles..
HE DISCOVERY of America was cataclysmic in· its results. It was as though a literal new world ·had· been·
dumped on the knowledge of Europeans. ·It gave them
new ideas. It sent them forth on adventure bent. First, the
nobles came. They abandoned their feudal holdings or sold
them to the serfs in order to get money to come. This created
m_a ny so-called. "free cities" in Europe- cities that till this day
pay their way from the cultivation of lands which they own
as cities-a thing that has been heralded as being socialization in action . The new ideas that the discovery of America
gave to an awakened people were manifested in many ways.
In religion they led to the Reformation; in art to 'the Rw-tai'ssance ;_ in politics to the Magna Charta in England and a
brea king up of the 'feudal system over aii.._Europe; in literature
to the printing press.
The one thing that stands out, however, is that it brought
an age of commercialism. Exploitation meant that. Trading
in furs meant that. The search for gold meantflnrt:" It is
"in" commerce to find thin gs, to _put people into trade relationship to each other. Therefore, the commercial idea carries with it the social idea as well. It is perfectly logical that
chattel slavery sho1,1ld have come as a means of promoting
commerce; logical that piracy should appear in the struggle
to determine which of the nations should lead in commerce;
logical that steam should come as a means of promoting commerce; logical that all the machinery which has marked the
centuries since the discovery of America should be invented
as aids to commerce; and it is equally logical that the revolutionary war should be fou ght in order to f~rward the expression of the common people; that the French revolution
should have succeeded it; that the colony movement should
have developed; that tpe struggle of labor for better working
conditions should have been precipitated; and that socialism
should have appeared both as theories and movements. They
were all natural outgrowths of the development of the idea
that was invol ved in the discovery of America.
The constitution adopted by the new republic was, as Woodrow Wilson .points out, anything but democratic in nature. It
-~s modeled after the private government that had been in
Ch(l.pter II.
vogue in Virginia when ' the lords-proprietors ruled. Then, the
THE
COLONIZING
MOVEMENT CAME
.
WHY
owning company appointed the presiding officer and selected
the upper house and the judges, the colonists having only the
The discovery of America meant the opening of a tremenelection of the lower house, with a veto placed on its acts by dous tract of land to the peoples of Europe. But two centhe president, the upper house and the j~dges. It is easy to turies elapsed before there was a serious effort to use the land.
trace the same genera~ thought in the new constitution. But, Then it was complacently given away by European kings and
though the rising democracy was well under control, con- pontiffs to nobles and court favorites, as though it was their's
ditions compelled the institution of socialization on the new to bestow, and as though none but the mighty deserved land.
government. It ,was essential to the nation's very life that But we need not be st!rpised at this. It was a logical outthere be intercourse between the divergent sections. There- growth of the -feudal idea that had prevailed in Europe, a
fore congress instituted, with the co sent of President Wash- system that was based primarily on the land. When these
ington, a public mail service, and Benjamin Franklin was made lords and nobles undertook the settlement of America, they
the first postmaster-general. Franklin, in his memoirs, shows brought \vorkers with th~m. but they did not give land to the
how the private owners of roads helcf·up the mail service with workers. It required a revolt to gain land for them, both in
tolls at frequent intervals, until he was forced to buy roads and Virginia and Massachusetts. And when they did get land,
thus create the -first public or socialized roads in America. The it was three acres in one of the states and five in anothet; and,
beginn~ng of socialization in America, therefore, was under beside, the worker had to give five days to the lords-pro- ·
Washington "and Franklin , in the postoffice and the roads- prietors in order to get one day in which he might cultivate
which was the first socialization of any ki.nd in the modern his own land. _But the spirit of revolt grew. It finally cui-
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Comrade
minated in the revolutionary war. After .it was won by Am~r
ica, the possibility of going beyond-the Alleghenies and seizing
Indian -land as their very own appealed to the workers, and the
adventurous souls went forth, this time with the · sanction of
the governmert't; for in getting land of their own they were
pushing -the frontier further on and so strengthening the government. Everybody thought of land. It was the one hope
of the workers of the world. There as sp much qf i~ in America that the vision of land for the occupying of it, spread
over the known earth. They dreamed of it in Europe. They
fancied that the spir.its wished to use lan~lessed land-'--as
a means of freeing the toiler so long enslaved. It was the
most natural thing in the world that coloniz.ation schemes
should be organized at this time.
and re-established their colonies oil "30,000 acres of land in
Posey county, Indiana. Though at the starf'permitti~g marriage, later on celibacy becamethe rule, and the colony · ~
gan to fail. It ,was officially disolved in 1904, just a . century
after its inception. It had in many respects been a success.
A colony was established by Separatists from~ Germany
under Joseph Baumeler, at Zoar, Ohi9, in 1817. At first they
held property individually, but afterward went to the com:.
munity syst~m._ At first they were celibacists, but after many
years suits were entered to dissolve the ·community and divide·
the property. There were several contests from 186ltOT8'9'8-;
when the colony was finally dissolved by the courts.
The Anna ~ociety was established- by The True Inspiration
Society, coming from Germany, in 1842, by Christian Metz
and Barbara Heynemann, on 18,000 acres of land in Iowa.
Though not established with common property, this feature
Chapter III
soon came into existence. The communities still persist, with
EARLY RELIGIOUS COLONIES
five villages and a great deal of wealth. There is no poverty
among the Amanians. Marriage is not prohibited, but it is
While the ~ld colony movement did not embr~ce the de~ discouraged.
mands of modern socialism, it is generally conceded that it
Dr. Kiel, a German, estabiished two colonies, one in Shelby
represents a feature of the development of the socialist move-,, county, Mo., and the other riear Portland, Ore., in 1844, and
ment. It consisted of five waves, four _of which began 'in 1855. All things were held in common, though finally the
Europe and swept to America. If you please to put it in land was .parcelled out to families. The community encouranother way, it represented five acts of a very romantic social aged family life. Dr. Kiel died in f877, and the communities
play that was staged in the wilderness of America by European were dissolved in 1881.
·
peoples. America was selected for the experiments after careful consideration, because at that time there was so much
cheap land that it was deemed easier to begin the reconstrucIt will be noticed that the religious colonies, the inspired
tion of society on a more humane basis (and that was precisely movement.. while constituting only one act of the colony
the purpose of the colony movement) in America than on any drama,' was a drama within itself, written in five great acts.
other portion of the globe.
It will also be remarked that, so far from making a failure,
It may seem strange to some to be told that the beginning this movement persisted until very recent times·,- many comof the movement daimed to be under spirit direction; the com- munities being in existence even to this day. The people are
mand, according to the claim, · coming to various persons: in prosperous, moral, reliable. They may have pecularities that
more than one country, to thus begin the regeneration of so- remove them from free intercourse with their neighl>ors, but
c .ety. If you choose to apply the rational view to it, it merely these very peculiarities have been in a way a protection from
means that the movement began as an altruistic or religious the storms that have assailed many in the open ways of the
impulse, which naturally preceded the intellectual or scientific world.
development. Incidentally, it is worthy of note that fragments
(To be continued in April number)
of this movement remain .to this day, while other movements
long since perished from the earth, as if to show that in the
altruistic or religious - impulse lies the greater permanence.
The experience of each of these movements constitutes a great
poem of experiment and endeavor.
By Charles -W. Eliot, President Emeritus, Harvard University
'
Evils of Military .Training
:t.
Oldest of the religious communities are the Shakers. They
were founded by Mother Ann Lee, an illiterate English woman,
· who with a few followers fled to America in 1774 to escape
persecution. Several communities were established, the membership at its greatest height reaching 5 ,000. The Shaker
church (officially the Millenni1.1m church), included three
classes of membership: The Novitate, who lived outside communities in private control of wealth, yet were members of the
church; the Juniors, who lived in the communities ,with the
privilege of holding private property and leaving colonies at
will ; and the Seniors, who were strict communists and ultrareligious. Seniors of the Shakers do not marry, a provision
that doubtless has· cont~ibuted_ toward reducing their numbers.
They believe in spirit communion, and have published twenty
or more volumes ·that were supposed to have been revealed
from the spirit' world.
The Harmony societies were founded by George Raifp and
his followers in Pennsylvania about 1804. These people too
were spiritualists, and claimed to-have. left Germany, after -enduring persecution for their beliefs, under direct spirit guidance. After awhi1e, they sold their Pennsylvania possessions
)
My present opinion about military training for school boys
is, first, that what is called military drill is not a good form ·.
of physical exercise for boys between fourte•.n and eighteen;
secondly, that the useful" part of such military drill as is" now
given in a few private and public schools is the' "setting-up"
drill, and that this "setting-up" drill ought to be given to
every boy during his school life, but in the form of calisthenic
exercises, having no military purpose in view; and thirdly,
that training in the real work of a solider, that is, marching
under a heavy / load, digging as rapidly as possible in the
ground, and using effectively rifles, machine guns,- hand
grenades, bayonets, short swords, heavy and light artillery,
and motor vehicles, including aeroplanes, should not be be- (
gun before the twentieth year.
:
The Swiss, who know as well as any people in Europe how'
to organize and maintain an effective army, do not begin rea'
military training until .the twentieth year, except that the·
encourage practice with the rifle for boys and young me
organized into rifle clubs, ancl provided by the governme1
with ammunition and ranges . .
For these reasons, I am opposed to military training
school boys.
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The
Our Glass House
Let us not forget that in the United States'
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Two percent of the people own sixty percent of the national wealth.
S1xty-five percent own less than five percent.
There are forty-four families with incomes equal to the wages of
100,000 working~en:
.
1
Farm tenantry Js mc reasmg and consequently landlordism is, also.
Half of the wage-earning fathe;s get but $500 a year:
Two-th~rds of adult male workers get less than $15 a week.
Half of the wom~n workers get less than $6 a week.
In basic industries workers are unemployed one-fifth of the time.
Three or more persons occupy every sleeping room in thirty-seven
percent of the worker's homes.
:
Thirty-seven percent of the wive·s ancl . mothers of ' workingmen
are forced to work to help out the family income.
Babies of the poor die three times as fast as those of the rich.
Nearly twenty percent of the school children are underfed and undernourished.
Poverty prevents two-thirds of the school children from going
th rough the grammar school.
Western
Comrade
off7r sufficient inducement i·n the one case as in the other.
It ~~ no more ·the duty of one man to be a policeman or a•
soldi~r than another; nor does it square with democtacy to
requue all. men to become soldiers. For by the very act
of compulsiOn, the foundation of liberty is undermined and
free insti_tutic;ms_ will ha~ten to their end. Compulsory' military servtce ts mcompatJble with democracy.
-STOUGHTON COOLEY.
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"A business man can stand up and afford to be a little bit ·
chesty, f~r at last_his pr?fessi?n has been glorified- the great
est war m all htstory IS bemg fought largely for business
reasons. For, after all has been said and then said over
again, the ·fact remains that business expansion and trade
. are really at the bottom of the whole business."-j. B.
Powell, in October "judicious -Advertising:"
-and that if we really want democracy in the world, we
"judicious Advertising" should be 'suppressed for printing
don't have to cross the water to begin establishin-g it.-A. S. such false statements. We challenge any of our readers to
show one instance in history in -which nations engaged m
war were not lighting for liberty and democracy.- A. S.
No Compulsion
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Abolish the Term "Huns"
The great menace to democratic institutions in this country
is not physical war, but the movement for compulsory military service. Democracy means, if it means anything in political life, the freedom of the individual. Government is justified only as it contributes toward the establishment of this
right. If we wish to set up an autocracy, a plutocracy, or an
oligarchy, compulsion will be an inevitable part; but if we
are to continue the great American experiment of a government of, by, and for the people, individual freedom must be
preserved.
Though a majority in a democracy may vote war, it has no
right to vote the minority into the army. If it be a just and
necessary war there will be no lack of volunteers; if it be
ul\.iust and unnecessary it should not be supported. And who
in a democracy should decide for each individual whether he
is to contribute his life to the war, his neighbors, or himself?
The difference between a volunteer army and an army of
conscripts lies in the fact that volunteers light when they
wish; whereas, conscripts must light when their leaders wish.
It marks the difference between a democracy and an autoc. racy. · A volunteer army will never · be used against free institutions. A conscript army begins by denying the prime
essential to free institutions, individual liberty, and ends with
the subjugation of all democracy.
Let the government make such pn;paration for defense as
the people, after full and fair discussion, may decide. Let it
provide for such an army and navy as may be thought best.
But let it be manned by volunteers. There is a natural impulse to serve one's country. In youth and early manhood
there is a pronounced willingness to light. Such men will
gladly take the necessary training for volunteer service if
the army and navy be put on a rational basis. Our trouble
has come from attempting to graft an autocratic practice
1 upon a democratic institution. Wipe out this relic of European privilege, humanize the military service by making all
mlist as privates and work their way up, and there will soon
the sympathy and efficiency that mark commercial
William Hard is one of our most brilliant political writers.
He is not a socialist. He is not a pacifist. As far as the
war is concerned, he is a bitter-ender.
Willam Hard recently proposed that the word "Traitor" be
abolished.
Let us also abolish the word "Huns".
These two words best represent the intolerance and irrationality that accompany the war spirit.
·
To our own militarists the world, outside of themselves, is
made up of two classes of people: Traitors and Huns.
And yet, if loyalty to the broad ideals of President Wilson
constitutes patriotism, those who sweepingly denounce the
German people as savages are immeasurably more open to
the charge of treason than the most fervent pacifist.
No man has larger or more accurate sources of information
from. which to draw than Presiden't Wilson. No man is in a
better position that he to judge the truth or falsity of the
htdeous charges that have been made against the German
people .
And yet, in all of the president's messages and speeches,
there ts scarcely a reproach, and not a touch of bitterness, for
the people of Germany.
·
. T~e president has insisted, again and again, that our light
ts wtth the German government, and not with the German
people; that our feeling toward the German people is one of
sympathy, and even of friendship.
Throughout all history, the ability of rulers to sow the
seeds of suspicion and hatred among the plain people of the
earth has kept the world in turmoil, and enabled them to
work ·out their own sinister purposes.
The sacrifices of this war will certainly be vain if the peace
of the world is not made secure. And if peace is to be made
secure, nothing is more important than that the peoples of
the world regard each other, not as inveterate enemies, but
as natural friends.
-ALEC WATKINS.
majority nor any number of citizens has any · more
to compel a man to enter the army · than to force him
a minister, or a merchant, or a chauffeur, or a policeThey may appeal to the citizen to become a soldier,
may ask him to become a policeman; but they should
Lincoln, Webster, Clay, Sumner- these famous Americans
asserted that it was the right and patriotic duty of all American citizens to discuss the issues of war, to criticize the
policies employed, and to work for the election of representatives opposed to prolonging war.-A. S.
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Municipal Ownership -in The United States
.,--
By Evans Clark
·
M
UNICIPAL OWNERSHIP to many people means a
peculiari.ty ~f German. "kultur" or Bri.tish h.~man nature wh1ch 1s as fore1gn to our Arqencan hfe as the
invasion of neutral territory (or the1 c!urse of imperialism).
"Of course," they will say, "it may work well in Germany,
where the individual is just a cog in the machinery of' the
state; hut we Americans won't stand for any such paternalism."
As a matter of fact, there are in these United States literally thousands of cities, towns .and villages practising this
form of collectivism every day in the year.
Out of 195 cities with a population of 30,000 people, I SO
own and operate their own water-supply business. There
are no less tha-n I ,455 publicly owned and operated electric
light and power plants, 125 gas works, some 20 asphalt
paving plants, not to mention hundreds of isola ted examples
of municipally owned and operated markets, docks, garages,
heating pla nts, public halls, cemeteries, ferries and street
railways. There is even a case on record of a municipal
organ, .a liquor agency and a newspaper.
By far the greatest advances have been made in the field
of water-supply. In 1800 there were 16 waterworks in the
country. Of these IS were in private hands-all but one of
which (Morri~ town) it is interesting to note, have since be~n
taken over by the public.
In 1912 there were 56 cities with a population of I 00,000
or over. Of these, 48 owned a nd operated their waterworks.
The latest figures available show ( 191 S) 204 cities of over
30,000 population and but 49 private plants. Of these, 7
a re in cities of between I 00,000 and 300,000 population, 16
in those of 50,000 to I 00,000 and 26 in cities of 30,000 to
50,000. NO CHANGES IN OWNERSHIP FROM PUBLIC
TO PRIVATE HANDS HAVE BEEN NOTED.
It looks as if the private promoter had captured the big
prizes in the electrical field. Other figures bear this out. In
1902, no less than 82 percent of the municipal electric light
plants were in cities of less than 5,000 population, while only
73 percent of private plauts were so located. In 1904, there
were bul four municipal plants in the 39 cities of over
l 00,000 population. And in 1912 . there were only seven
in the 56 cities of the same population.
A survey of the gas business reveals a somewhat similar
situa tion.
The telephone business, it is needless to say, is entirely in
the- hands of private capital, although its service in all its
essentials is similar to these other utilities.
The question arises : Why has municipal ownership
triumphed both in number and size ·of plants in the water
business, while it has never even been attempted in the telephone business; has achieved but moderate prominence in
gas, and electricity, in spite of a remarkable increase, has
~
failed to enter the biggest cities?
No one has, to my knowledge, however, gathered sufficient
material of facts and figures to build an answer that will
stand completely on its own foundation. Whatever theory
we hold must inevitably be buttressed by our own personal
desires a~d prejudices- a poor prop at best.
But I should like to suggest a tenta tive hypothesis: We, the
people of this country, are accustomed to allow a small group
of investors to reap huge personal profits from bartering our
indispensable public necessities. It is only when our bodily
·s ecurity is threatened that we call a halt. And to this hy-
.
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pothesis there is a significant corollary: when the public .nee.~
carries with it no large promise of profil, private capital steel's
clear and public ownership is Hobsqn's choice.
··
We _have. mt,micipal ownership of our police and fire protection · because we know enough not to entrust the safety
of ourselves and our family silver to seekers after profit. We
have learned t~ take it for granted that . the supply of thi~
public utility is a "governmental function," as we _put it:
that it would be "contrary to the public interest" for it to be ·
the subject of stock-jobbing commercialism. Such a state of
things would endanger our bodily safety.
Municipal ownership has dominated the water business primarily for the same reason. We will entrust our light, heat,
and transportation, but not our lives, to the mercies of a
money-making concern-to an organ.ization whose interest in
our welfare is divided by di.vidends. Water is one of the
chief carriers of disease a nd has consequently become gradually bound up in our minds with the "public function" of
health and sanitation. Political and social sagacity has developed among us at least to this extent : we are beginning to
realize that our health (like our security from thieves and
fire) is not a matter for the haggling, money-grabbing and
stock-watering of a business transaction . Public utilities that
bear directly on our health are now being looked upon . a:s
legitima te fields for government interference and even ownership.
,
If we only washed in water and did not drink it, maybe
public ownership would have made comparatively little-progress in this field.
·
The one great cause that has induced the conseryative
American public to swallow this extraordinary dose of collectivism is the germ they might drink at their breakfast ,
tables.
The one central fea ture of all Socialist agitation is government ownershig. It is true that there is no Socia:!ism · without
the control of the government by the working people and the
democratic management, in one form or another, of ali .industry. But if government ownership under the present political control is a failure, then the keystone of the arch of
Socialist argument would be shot through with a fatal flaw.
This first a nd most crucial test of the essential practicality of
Socialism has been successfully met by cities in every part .
of the United States.
·
If the function of the Socialist is anything in ou.r contem~
porary American life it is to proclaim in season and out this
lesson that we as a people must some day learn and apply.
If we refuse to permit a private fire department to make
money out of our necessity for protection from fire, we must
in the end see the folly of permitting ourselves to be threatened in a thousand subtler ways by the turning of our other
necessities into' profit.
.
Municipal pla nts, like private ones, have succeeded and
tailed. No one will ever know the relative proportion of each.
But at least this much is ·proved by the records of municipal
ownership we have at hand: There have been many successful examples of the fundamental Socialist principle in our
cities; the performance of such undertakings has been, on
the whole, more favorable from every point of view than
similar private ventu res, and, finally, the private investor,
backed by an ignorant public, has never given public owner· ··
ship half a chance to prove its worth except in the f ~Id of
water-supply, where its ·success is assumed on all sicl ;,
This is, for the Socialist, a vindication and a challe\ ~e I
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Page twelve
•
Circum·s tantial E-vidence
By Emauue.l
Haldeman. Julius
F
LYNN, better' known as "Porky'~ Flynn -was found the motive, which was robbery; you were caught on the ·scene
guilty of murder.
of the crime. Your revolv'e r was the weapon used. That, to
The jury had listened · patiently to the evidence, had any reasonable person, proves you to be the murderer."
retired to debate on the merits oi'the testimony, had reviewed
The ·judge gazed steadily, for a while, at the condemned
the murder of wealt~y, aged, j. Albert Sewell, from every man's face and · there, to his own mind, found further proof
possible -angle, and reported its belief that "Porky" fired the of guilt. Flynn's .' knotted figure, hea..vy, brutal face, glassy
eyes almost lost in their sockets, huge, crooked nose and wild
fatal shot, and that death should be his punishment.
The judge thanked. the twelve men for their work and .told brows, together with a powerful, vicious jaw, seemed, in the
them they could go to their homes. Turning to the prisoner, judge's. opinion, to help spell his guilt.
,
"I never done it!" cried Flynn.
the court announced:
"You have been given a fair trial ·and have been convicted.
"You have been found guilty," said the judge, assuming a
Step forward and say why semt!nce should not be pro- cold, uncompromising attitude. "I am convinced there has
nounced."
been no error and I can do nothing but pronounce sentence! •·
Flynn, pale and trembling, arose from his seat, and almost
'~- '~- '~staggered to the bar before the judge's bench. The jury's verSeven weeks later, the sh~dow of what was once a · man
diet had paralyzed him and left him nearly speechless. His lay chained to the stone floor of the death cell. Often, he
brain seemed clouded and unable to comprehend the meaning mumbled, "I never done it," but his words fell on ears as
of it all. Nervously, he cried:
hard and deaf as the wall about him. A few hours before
"I didn't do it, judge. So help me God, I never done that dawn, Flynn was given enough whiskey to intoxicate him.
job. I know I'm just a measly, low-down dog of a crook, He drank long draughts of the liquid, for its numbing effect
judge"-tears blinded him-"I know I've done a lot of rotten drove away the fear of death that was freezing his heart. And
things" --his voice rose to a high, hysterical falsetto -"I while in a drunken state, unable to understand what was soon
know I've served a bunch of terms in prison for things I've in store for him, with a priest reading passages of scripture,
done, judge; but I never killed that man, I swear,· judge. I imploring God to save his soul, Flynn was led down the
never killed him that night and may God strike me dead if I gloomy corridor to the death chamber, where he was strapped
to a chair and shocked with murderous volts of fire until his
ain't telling you what's the truth!"
Flynn broke down and wept like a child, his shoulders life was no more. And then, the state records in its books of
heaving violently as long, painful sobs came from the depths justice that a fearful crime had l)een avenged, that Flynn had
of his chest. The judge waited until the wretch could control paid the penalty and that the last chapter in the Sewell murhis feelings enough to continue his plea.
der had been written.
"I didn't kill that man, judge-." Flynn became incoher'~- '~- ¥ent. Here and there, he repeated, "I never done it," apparAbout three months before Flynn was electrocuted-or
ently leaving the judge unconvinced.
rather on the night of his arrest- Henry Purvis and Mrs.
"This is a sad case," said the judge, slowly, emphasizing jeanette Sewell were seated in the dimly lighted library of j.
each syllable, " a nd I feel for you; but never h11ve I known Albert Sewell's home. They were alone and gazed at each
a man's guilt to be so clearly indicated by circumstantial evi- other, anxiety written on their faces.
dence as in this instance. I have always dreaded circumstanPurvis was a man of about forty; so evenly featured was he
tial evidence, especially when a human life stands at stake, as to leave his countenance almost characterless. Every line
but here you are absolutely proven to be the actual murderer and wrinkle had been carefully massaged out of him, leaving
of j. Albert Sewell - - "
him expressionless. But his glittering eyes showed him to be
"I never done it, I never done it!·~ Flynn moan eo!.
possessed of a· quick; shrewd brain and a will always striving
"Your mere denials avail you nothing," exclaimed the court. for. control. He was ·one who lived by his wits: "·man-of-the
"T0 merely repeat again and again that you are innocent does world ever ready to risk anything to obtain what he was strivnot wipe away the overwhelming facts against you. First of ing for, a temperament thirsty for adventure.
aU, you confess you are a professional burglar- you have
He and jennie, as he called her, had long been intimate,
served more than fifteen year~ ._in penitentiaries throughout the and had, for almost ten years, formed a team that looked
country. Your record is as black as any criminal I have ever upon the world as their oyste; and wbo used their w1ts as an
known. All your life you have preyed upon society, all your opener. And the many oysters they had opened were not
life you have broken laws and robbed right and left. This commonplace oysters ; they invariably were pearls.
you do not deny, for you know denials are worthless. On
For the past year, since jeanette had wormed her way into
the night of the tragedy, you went to the home of j. Albert the elder Sewell's confidence and had become his wife, Purvis
Sewell for no other purpose than to commit burglary. Is that had posed as 'her brother, the "old man" as they called him,
the truth?"
• never suspecting that they were, in fact, lovers. Their scheme
"Yes., it's so-l went there to break in, and I did get into was to get his money, of which he had plenty. That they got
his house -but I never killed that man," Flynn answered.
none of his wealth was a fact painful to confess, but true,
The court continued:
.
..4ltyvertheless.
"A ·policeman heard a shot and ran to the Sewell h~-ed -· Sewell held fast to ,his money, even taking upon himself the
and caught you running from the place. A minute later the task of paying what expenses were met from day to day, repolice officer found the body of j. Albert Sewell. Your re- fusing steadfastly to give- her sums of money which she tried
volver was found near his remains; one .of its chambers con- to obtain. And that, to the pair of schemers, was a very distained an empty shell. The bullet extracted from Sewelrs tressing state of affairs.
body is of the sa.."lle caliber as the others in your revolver"At any time," said Purvis, almost angrily, "the old fool is
that is convincing to say the least. The evidence establishes likely to learn the truth about us."
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Weotern
Comrade
"Yes," agreed jeanette, "you can't pose as his brother-inlaw indefinitely. Some day he'll learn the truth and then you'll
see your picture in the papers-another handsome correspondent. That would be a 1ine how-do-you-do, wouldn't it?"
"I wouldn't mind that so much if we could only get his
money. That's what we're after, and I'm tired of this long
wait. I expected to wait six months, but here is almost ·a
year and we haven't progressed very much. I tell you, you
must make the old fool loosen up or J'll do it for you."
"How?" inquired the woman.
"Oh. there are a thous·a nd ways, and one is as good as
another. It's a question which is the best at this time. One
thing is certain, we must get that money."
The woman nodded her head slowly. ·
"It's too bad," she commented. "I never knew so old a
man with such good health."
"Yes. hang him, he hasn't even got rheumatism.~·
"Well, there's nothing to be done except to wait for our
chance. It will surely come sooner or later. Have patience,
my dear, have patience."
"If I had him here I:d ring his neck," Purvis blurted with
an oath .
.
·
He glanced across the dim room, a look of disgust on his
face. Suddenly he turned deathly pale and felt his · heart
spring into his throat, for there to his utter astonishment and
bewilderment, stood-yes. there in the doorway, agitated beyond description, stoo..l t;.he object of his schemes-). Albert
Sewell!
Jeanette also turned and saw what had driven terror into
Purvis' heart; but she was not the kind that flinched when
forced to "face the music." She laughed quickly; it was more
of a chuckle than a laugh.
"Well, well," she exclaimed in mock seriousness; "just look
who's here."
"He has heard all," was the thought that flashed through
Purvis' mind. "He caught us napping."
Her laugh and air of indifference restored Purvis' nerve.
He quickly assumed a blase air and snickered.
.
"Good evening, Mr. Sewell; dropped in rath~:r suddenly,
didn't you?"
The man at the door did not answer. Coming forward, he
shook his head slowly a nd looked at the pair, hardly able to
believe his eye's or admit the truth of what his ears had heard.
"You looked worried, darling," said Jeanette, eyeing him
coquettishly.
"So this is what has been in store for me," Mr. Sewell
frowned. "I married the partner of a thief, brought both
into my house, and here they are scheming to rob me."
Mr. Sewell's anger rose rapidly, his blood boiled and flushed
his face a deep crimson, his hands clenched spasmodically.
Swallowing hard and almost panting for breath, he yelled:
"You are robbers, both of you!"
Without warning, he sprang at Purvis and struck him on
the side of his head. felling him.
Pur~is, in a second, was on his feet again; and whipping
out a revolver, he aimed it towards the other.
Mr. Sewell stood, transfixed. La,lier, with a gasp, he sank
into a chair. The revolver was unloaded, Purvis well knew,
but he continued to aim it at the aged man, announcing, as a
warmng:
"If you move out of that chair I'll kill you on the spot.
I mean business, so you had better think twice before you attempt anything."
The revolver levelled at Mr. Sewell, t!ae woman ~tanding
near the ·tabre. Purvis leaning anxiously fort(ard, and the third
seated in a chair, presented a picture that was striking.
For a full minute, a heavy silence hung, like a blanket, over
them. No one stirred. Not a word was uttered. Purvis was
Page thirteen
thinking rapidly. Something, he concluded, must be done.
This, he admitted, was the moment for action; to waver would
mean the loss of ever thing.
But what could he do? The revolver was unloaded-and
then he did not relish the idea of committing a crime that
might result in-he shuddered. He was in a quandary. For
another minute, silence continued.
The quiet was ·broken by .a noise that came from another
room.
' "Someone has entered this house," Purvis whispered hoarsely. "There must be a burglar here."
Mr. Sewell, his head between his hands, did not seem to
hear what was happening.
Purvis ran into the other room, which was pitch dark, and
quietly tip-toed his way to the bottom of the stairway. There
he discerned the form of the intruder. With a rush; he sprang
upon the burglar, who hastily drew his revolver. Purvis immediately disarmed him. With a lurch, the burglar drew
back, freeing himself. A second later he w~s making his escape, leaving Purvis with a loaded revolver in his hand.
Mr. Sewell and the woman, having heard the commotion,
came hurrying down the stairs.
"What is it? What is it?" a man's voice inquired.
"A burglar," said Purvis, peering through the dark. When
he perceived the figure of the aged man, he fired. Without
even a groan, Mr. Sewell fell to the landing.
Purvis thought quickly and instantly came to a conclusion.
"Up to your room! Q~ick! " he commanded. "Undress
and get into your night clothes. I'll do the same in my room.
Quick!"
In a second they were off.
>[.
:(.
>[.
While Purvis was peeling off his clothes, he heard the noise
of another struggle. This time, the noise came from the street.
Still undressing, he ran to the window and looked down.
There he saw the burglar in the arms of a policeman, struggling for his freedom. By the time the burglar was overpowered, Purvis was in his night clothes. He then hurried
down, soon followed by the woman.
Opening the door, he let the policeman drag the almost
unconscious form of the burglar into the hall.
"He fired a shot," said the policeman. "We'd better search
around!"
"My God! Here is his victim!" said Purvis. "Mr. Sewell
has been . killed!"
"And I have caught the murderer red-handed," said the
policeman.
Comrades, Are .We Going
T.o Help Kate?.
Are -we going to let Kate O'Hare, the indefatigable worker,
the noble mother, the tried and true friend of the working
class, the inspiring Socialist orator-are we going to let this
wonderful lovable and loving woman rot in prison, while we
fold our hands supinely in selfish ease?
A thousand times- N 0 !
Phil Wagner and the brave group of comrades with the
"Social Revolution" ar·e trying to win an appeal for Kate
O'Hare, who has been sentenced to five years imprisonment
in the j efferson penitentiary.
Send in your SJJbscription immediately to ' Social Revolution, 703 Pontiac Bldg., (five subs at 40c each) and help
· circulate this appeal.
THE SOCIALIST MOVEMENT IS GETTING INTO A
DEPLORABLE AND ,CONTEMPTIBLE CONDITION. IF
WE CAN'T AROUSE ENOUGH OPPOSITION TO MAKE
KATE O'HARE'S INCARCERATION IMPOSSIBLE!
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· The
Western
C.omra·d e
Socialism Triumphant
U.
By R. A. D a g u e
NDER the caption, The Growth of Socialism. the ''New
England Leader" of Buston, says:
"Charles the Fifth once said that the sun never set
on his empire, We Socialists may apply these words to · our
movement, and say that the sun never set on the countries
in which our banner floats.
"With these words the eloquent Belgian deputy, Emile
Vandervelde, opened the International Socialist Congress
held in Stuttgart in 1907. It was not an empty boast. The
Socialist movement is as wide as the world. In Europe its
power is felt alike in the highly civilized central and nort'hern
countries, in once autocratic Russia, in apathetic Spain and
in the backward Balkan kingdoms. It has invaded the Celestial empire, Persia and Japan; Transvaal and the Australian colonies; the South American republics and the Dominion of Canada. The United States is fast becoming a
stronghold of the new doctrine.
"The gospel of Socialism is preached in more than sixty
tongues. Its creed is accepted by 30,000,000 persons. ·
"A movement of such magnitude and universality could
not spring up without a cause, or continue without a mission.
To scoff at it is futile. To ignore it is folly. It must be
faced. It should be understood.
"And Socialism can be understood very readily. Despite
all assertions to the contrary, the mainsprings of the movement are quite obvious, its philosophy is exceedingly simple,
and . .xogram is very definite."
Yes; Socialism is easily defined:
Worcester's Dictionary says: "Socialism is a science of
reconstructing society on an entirely new ba};is by substituting
the principle of association for that of competition in every
branch of industry."
The Dictionary of Political Economy says : "Socialism requires that the process of production and distribution should
be regulated not by competition with self interest for its
moving principle but by society as a whole for the good of
society."
·
The fundamental doctrine of Socialism is that all of nature's crude or raw materials necessary for all humanity to
use, should be owned by all the people collectively, such as
land, water, oils, fuel , air, light, electricty a nd other public
necessities and utilities. None of these should be owned ·by
individuals for private profit. Nature furnishes mankind the
raw rnateriah and pushes him into the world naked and tells
him to work or starve. Socialism says· ·that all adults shmildperforrn some useful service · and receive the full value of
their labor and individually own the finished products of their
toil. Such is the reasonable, honest, fair and just proposition
of Socialism. It would seem that -·no intelligent man, not a
thief, or a selfish hurrian hog, could oppose so just a movement. Truly does the "New England Leader" say "to ·scoff
at it is futile-to ignore it is folly." Yet this great and good
rnov~rnent . that is preached in more than sixty languages is
scoffed at, ignored and· misunderstood.
While Socialism deals exclusively with industrial and political propositions, degenerate priests, preachers, bogus statesmen and a prostituted press working fQr tainted money, iterate and reiterate the lie that Socialism is atheistic, anarchistic
and is working to destroy religion and the ho~e. and estab~
1ish 'free love and race suicide. In all the past every movement started to benefit humanity, has been misrepresented
and persecuted. Jesus was denounced and crucified as a
"seditious ·fellow." Martin Luther was assailed as a vile
wretch. Our own revolutionary forefathe rs were anathematized as heretics and traitors and ·Abraham Lincoln was called
a "baboon who wanted to marry a nigger." Well, a wise
man has said: "Ever the right comes uppermost and ever is
justice. done.' Socia.lism is corning. It is the next step of
hurnamty toward a. htgher ·a nd better civilization. No human
power can st<;>p it because its four cornerstones are, universal
brotherhood, universal peace, justice and reciprocity, and its
slogan is, Arr Injury to One Is the Concern of All. It will
abandon the existing competitive system of industrialism
whose god is profits and the fruits of which are strife selfishness, injustice and war, and establish in its stead ~ cooperative comonwealth-a pure democracy in which the peo.:
pie wtll govern themselves by direct legislation and the recall.
All disputes between nations will be peacefully settled in interna tional courts of a rbitration. No permanent civilization
can be mantained founded on greed , profits, speculation, injustice a nd war, whose motto is, Everyone. for Himself- to the
Victor Belongs the Spo1ls. Socialism must triumph because
it says: . "God, or nature, has so interwoven the well being
and destmy of all humanity into one inseparable bond of unity .
and mterdependence that what injures one injures all, and
what is good for one is good for all."
The Socialist movement is the best movement that has been
:
launched into this sad world in the last twenty centuries.
j
A Life of Love and Service
T
By David Bobspa
HE noble soul of Senator Robert Addison Dague has at
last struggled free from the encasing mold of mortality.
Comrade Dague's weary body is at rest. For forty
years he has been one of the most conspicuous figures in the
America n propaganda· field.
My last letter from him was late in January. A few days
latter a note carne from the family stating that Comrade
Dague was too ill to attend to correspondence. Today a
letter from Mrs. M. E. Cadwallader of Chicago, editor of
"The Progressive Thinker," tells me of his completion of this
day's lesson and the passing forward of the spirit.
For ten years past Comrade Dague had been bed-ridden,
a helpless paralytic. But he conti_nued his work UJ?til a
few days of his death. The clo;ing of his mortal eyes had no
fear for this grand old warrior for S~cialism and Spiritualism.
Not a phase of either cause but has been illuminated by the
clear thinking of R. A. Dague-editor, speaker, law-maker,
and novelist.
His most enduripg monument- aside from the heritage of
a perfect life of brotherhood and unselfishness- is his swan
song, "The Twentieth Century Bible." This clearly ranks
among the inspired works of the ages.
Comrade Dague has ~een..for many years an inspiration to
teq, thousand men and women, and when the pathway of life
has seemed rough and hard scores of times for me, his example has been an inspiration and kept me moving forward
in the movement.
I do not rriourn for Robert Addison Dague. He is not ,
dead. The worn , tired body will be laid away. The work
of the soul is being felt throughout America today. His soul
will co-operate with the people for all time in its warfare for
liberation.
r
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I ---~--- ...
.,},
�T
The
Western
Pagd fifteen
Comra d e
What Thinkers Think
·GeiiJS of Comment From ·Current Periodicals·
In nine months, the military establishment of the .United States has
grown frc:>m a force of 100,000 men to 1,500,000.-George Creel, "The
Independent."
One fair-sized sugar beet, when soaked in water twenty minutes and
boiled on the kitchen stove, will make a cup of thick syrup which can
be used in cooking, for seasoning, and sweetening.-"Des Moines Capital."
An acre of German beets produces JDOre sugar than an acre . of
Louisiana cane.-Edwin E. Slossom, "The Independent."
Uncle Sam 6 ~ow h~s the supervision of approximat~ly 260,000 iniles
.of single track, an investment of over $16,000,000,000 and the employment of I ,700,000 persons.-Charles F. Speare, "Review of Reviews:"
The English are the most e hauvinistic nation on earth, without knowing it.-Leon T rotzky, "Class Struggle."
I charge that Theodore R~osevelt is the most potent and willi~g friend
of the Kaiser in America.- Senator Stone, "Congressi~al Record." ·
Our American imperialists who favor universal military trammg are
afraid that the governmen t will win the war on such terriis lhat no army
will be necessary aftcrward.-Dr. Stephen S. Wise, "'Ibe New World."
August Bebel's uttera11ccs are first hand evidence that the Socialist
movemenf in Germany is at heart unpatriotic in the sense ·of imperial
patriotism.-Louis Wallis. '"The Public."
The system which condemns men to slavery, women to prostitution, children to poverty and ignorance, and all to hopeless, barren, joyless lives,
must be uprooted and destroyed before men may know the meanihg of
morality, walk the highlands of humanity, and breathe the vitalizing air
of freedom and fellowship.-Eugene V. Debs, "The Call Magazine."
The whole system of· ·international relationship grows out of the
economi6 necessity of capitalist investment abroad.
Diplomacy, imperialism and exploitation of peoples in other countries rest on the whole
system of capitalist production of commodities.-James O'Neal, "Call
Magazine."
The private ownership of the coal fields is an economic barrier. It
prevents the people of the Unite! States fro':' enJ.?ymg t?e full measure
of liberty that might be the~rs.-Scott Neanng, Peoples Counctl Bulletin."
Man has to be freed from the intolerable burden of being a producer of profits for others.-"The Producer," England . .
Spiritualistic seances are no Ionge.' in the parlor-game stage. The
phenomena underlying them are s~apmg a well-~~fined system of practical religion.-Robert Mountster, The Bookman.
If we allies cannot bring about a revolution in Germany-then we
have not achieved our war aim, and the whole struggle will have been
a ghastly loss.- H. G. Wells, "The New Republic."
If we allies are honest, then if a revolution started in Germany today,
we should, if anything, lower the_ price of peace to Germany.-H. G.
Wells, "The N~w Republic."
One of the enormous advantages of being a man instead of a woman
is that when you are going out in the e,;eni~g. you never .~ave to
think what you _will wear.- Bemard Shaw, The New Repubhc.
Italian biologists find that tea . and coffee incr.ease the power of resistance to cold without raising the normal temperature of the body."Bulletin of Pharmacy:"
Onion~ are laxative, sedative, break up a cold, cure insomnia, are
easily digested and no~ris?,ed, stimulate the appetite and soothe the
nerves.-"Critic and Gmde.
If Socialism prevails, compehtton in trade and business will be destroyed, and thus the business of advertising . will perish.- Henry T.
Rainey, "Printer's Ink."
The tuberculosis germ kills more than 125,000 people every .year in
th Unit~d States alone and causes a greater loss to the cattle mdustry
th:n any other one thing.- Dr. N. S. Mayo, "The Breeder's Gazette."
The German junker succeeding the robber baron is not substantially
different from the English or American captain of industry.-N. 0. Nelson,
"Cana&ian Co-operator."
Maine, Rhode Island, Minnesota and Michigan have abolished the
death penalty, and Wisconsi.n never had it,_ yet the ra_te per thousand .of
homocides in those states ts lower than m netghborrng states that mBict capit~l punishment.-"American Journal of Education."
What is this marvelous business efficiency that we are asked to instat
in the 'high places of our government at Washington? It is a pel American fetish, concocted of superstition, and hero-worship, and admirably
adapted to play hob with any enterprise committed to its controi.-"The
Public."
\
Tl)eodore . Roosevelt has arri~ed at ihe sad c<Jndition of a. public man
whose too active espousal of any cause is enough to damn it.-"lbe
Public."
How different is the version of conscription of wealth from the conscrip_tion of 'men! Not only is there no c'!nscription of actual capital,
but the man with the million dollar factory retains his factory · and
still gains a very substantial income !-Joseph L. Cohen, "The Public."
W.e want to light abroad with our allies so that we shall not have
to light at home without our allies.-Theodore Roosevelt, "Kansas City
Star."
·
·
The National Security league is stirring up class-bitterness. It is
the tool of sinister interests which would halt all progress and reform."Non Partisan Leader."
.
The French 75 mm. gun will shoot as many as 16 shells a minute
and there are guns which have fired 2000 shells a day. It require$ the
labor of 4000 to 5000 men to provide the shells for eight of such guns.
1
-"Scientific American."
The deepest mine in the world is the St. John del Rey copper mine
in Brazil, which has .· a depth of 6000 feet.-"Scientilic American."
The U-boats of Germany will destroy as much tonnage. this year as the
United States and Great Britain together can build and launch.-Bainbridge Colby, "Literary Digest."
The time is coming · when the men of the working classes,. the men
without property, will control the destinies of the world,..:.._Charles M.
Schwab, Bethlehem Steel Corp., in "New York World."
We stand for violence against all exploiters. We are the first g01t·
ernment in the world that openly declares it is carrying on civil war and
we pledge ourselves to carry this war to a linish.~Lenine in London
"Daily Chronicle."
This is an American wo.rkingman's war, conducted for American workingmen, by American workingmen.- Prof. John R. Commons, "Union
Labor Bulletin."
It i~ the perpetual shame of the Church that it did not prevent this
war; it is an equal shame that it has not long ago ended it.-John
Haynes Holmes, ''The Forum."
Negroes own and edit more than four hundred newspapers and gtag•
azines in the United St-ates.-Ray Stannard Baker, "The · World's Work.':
The war of nations is merging i.nto the war of class.-Frederick · Harrison, "Fortnightly Review."
When a man loves his work it is almost impossible for him not : to .
Rourish in it.- Harrington Emerson, "The Independent.''
Harold Bell Wright has sold 7,000,000 copies of his novels in 6fteen
years, and is still young and bealthy.-"Montgomery Advertiser.''
The governme~t should immediately commandeer all industries where
strikes occur; the primary cause of strikes is the greed of government
cont ractors who are making huge profits with labor.-"Non Partisan
Leader.''
Labor should never, in war or peace, give up it's right to ~trike.
"Wheeling Majority.'~
Why should labor leaders think more of winning this war for the
capitalists than of ·winning better living conditions for the Americ11n
working class ?- "Milwaukee Leader.''
The coal sh;rtagc was indirectly caused by the German U-boats, even
as the food shortage in Germany is caused by the allied blockade.Harrington Emerson, "Review of Reviews."
Organized labor has proclaimed its loyalty from the housetops, ,and the
number of strikes and of men involved since April 6 has been unexampled in our history. It is a disappointing and un-American picture.--'"New York Tribune."
'
Only a peace without indemnities and annexations can save us,. and
the hour has come when you mu~t raise your voice for sueh a peace.
The German people must manifest its will to end the war.-Wilhelm
Dittman, Socialist member of Reichstag.
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�Page sixteen
The
':l'e•tern
Curnr~d~
Modern Religious Movements: No. 2
The
Essenc~e
of Catholicism
By Thomas F. Coakley, D. D.,
CATHOLICITY MEANS AlJIHORITY IN RELIGION
St. Paul's Cathedral, Pittsburg, Pa.
CATHOLICI"f'X MEANS CERTAINfY IN RELIGION
The doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church are clean cut
l l THEN our Divi"e Lord established His ch1,trch,Jle did "precise,_
w~ll-defined, sure and certain; there is no quibblin~
not ordain that the truths for which He came into the
world and suffered and died should be brought to the ,or ambiguity; you always know exactly where she. stands on
knowledge of men by the mere circulation of the- Bible. · every one · of the fundamental and eternal· verities. "I shall
Rather, it was the living voice of His own Apostles and dis- be with you all days, even to the consummation of the world:"
ciples that He chose to be the instruments whereby His gospel Christ said to her (Matt. xxiii: 20) and the abiding presence
of Ch~i~t takes away all doubt. He sent the Holy Ghost,
was to be carried to all the earth.
The authority of the one true Church founded by Christ, ~he Spi!It of Truth, upon the Roman Catholic Church, making
the teaching office of. the Church, its duty of preaching the It poSSible for Catholics to kn9w predsely and without the
gospel, and of the necessity of the faithful listening to ·and possibility of error just what Christ did actually teach.
· obeying the commands of the Church, are truths everywhere
CATHOLICITY MEANS THE ALL THAT CHRIST TAUGHT
insisted upon in Holy Writ. The Catholic Church recognizes
We cannot minimize Christian doctrine. We cannot pursue
the inspired Word of God in itself, and independent of. the
living voice and divinely authorized interpretation of the an elective course in religion. We cannot believe what we
Church, cannot be a safe guide to eternal life. Nowhere In choose and reject all else, and .still call ourselves Christians.
. Holy Scriptu~e is the claim put forward that the Bible con- To be a Christian means that we must believe all that Christ
tain,; all of the Word of God in its fullness: on the contrary taught, not merely a portion of His teachings. Christ tells us
there are several express statements to the very opposite. St. so Himself, for He sent His Apostles "to teach things whatsojohn boldly states that Christ did and said many things which ever He had comm.anded.~' (Matt. xxvliii:20). There .is abare not recorded in Holy Writ (John xxi: 15). Moreover, in solut~ly no qualification here; no opportunity to spurn, reject,
another place in His Gospel, the ·beloved disciple declares despise, condone, or smooth over things that we do not like.
that the whole world would not be able to contain the books And in looking over the world today, or any day during the
that should be writttn if all the sayings and doings of Christ last nineteen centuries, we are forced to say that the Roman
were accurately and fully recorded (John xx: 31). Further- Catholic Church is the only institution in existence that teache~
more, we find in the Bible other references to some of the in its fullness and in its completeness every single doctrine
writings of the Apostles having perished. One . Epistle of taught by Christ. We have but to run up and down the
, St. Paul to the Corinthians (I Cor. v:9) and one to the Laodi- pages of history to obtain corroboration of this great fact. To
be deep in history is at once to embrace the Catholic faith.
ceans are known to be lost (Cor. iv: 16).
Hence the necessity for admittin~ the authority of the No man can· read history thoroughly and remain outside the
Church in religious matters over and above that of the Bible: Church of Rome. This is substantially the verdict of no less
"Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the Word of ?n ~uthority thaa the great Protestant historian, Macaulay,
Christ," says St. Paul to the Romans (Rom. x: 14) . "And m his celebrated es~ay on Von Ranke. Non-Catholic denomthe things which thou hast heard of Me by many witnesses, inations, taken in their entirety have swept away every great
the same commend to faithfuJ. men, who shall be fit to teach truth for which Christ gave up His life, so that the world outothers also" (II Tim. ii: 2). "Hold fast after what manner I side. t~e . Catholic Church . no longer stands for integrity of
Chnshamty. Open · denial. of the divinity of Christ, of His
preached to you" (I Cor. xv:2).
Hence hearing the Church, listening to its voice, obeying miracles;· of His resurrection, of His miraculous birth, by the
its mandates, submitting to its divinely constituted authority, ministers and professors of non-Catholic denominations has
is the very test of Christianity and distinguishes it from all in- ceased to startle the .non-Catholic world, until today the one,
dividuaijsm, from all independent, private and unauthorized single, solitary, majestic witness to the entirety of divine revelation is the Roman Catholic Church. ·
interpretation of God's Law. .
Christ f9unded a Church, a perfect, living, visible, permanent society, self-sufficient, self-governing and containing within
itself all that is necessary for Its existence. Christ exercises
His power through earthly representatives. He selected
twelve Apostles and charged them in His name to teach all
just as we predicted a year ago, the American plutocracy
nations (Matt. xxviii: 20) to offer sacrifice (Luke xxii: 19)
and to govern His flock (Matt. xviii: 18; john xxi: 17). The is taking advantage of the opportunity afforded by the
Apostles used the authority committed to them while they lived country's concentration on the war, to plunder labor.
Basil Manly, formerly a statistician for the Industrial Reand before their death they took ml.'.asures for the perpetuation
of this principle of government in the Church by establishing lations Commission, reports that while in 1915, 2 percent of
a hierarchy in the Christian communities founded by them, the people owned 60 percent of the wealth, today 2 percent
centuries before the wodd ever had the Bible. 'Jhe authority own 70 percent of the wealth. He further shows that since
vested in the (.hurch is from Almighty God, and not from the the beginning of the European ·war, the number of millionmembers of the Church. "The Holy Ghost," says St. Luke aires and multi-millionaires in the United States has doubled.
(Acts xx: 28), "hath placed you Bishops to rule the Church of · And tlle obverse is true: the condition of the working .~lass
God." The Church derives her power directly from Christ, has become increasingly unbearable. ·
Uucle Sam has yet to see · that he has a more evil thing
through Apostolic succession, and not from the body of the
faithful. The Pope, Bishops and priests have their power and to deal with at home-the American plutocracy-than he has
authority from the Shepherd, not from the sheep.
in the person of a certain paranoiac kaiser.-A. S.
VV
Making the United States
Safe for Plutocracy
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�The
Western
Page seventem
Comrade
Children:
Q .u~ntity
·or Quality?
By Alanson Sessions
A
\
'
S usual, when some new reform is agitated, the vast ·
majority of people express strenuous objeCtions to its
adoption. And usually, their objections are based on
a misunckrstanding of the thing they attack. It is a tragic
thing that almost invariably humanity attacks the principal
innovations which will greatly help it to endure the burden~
of life.
..
These statements are particularly true with ref~rence to the
agitation of the birth control problem for the last generation.
A hundred and one objections have arisen in the popular
mind, sincere and otherwise, against family limitation. They
are founded on misconception of the true aims of those advocating birth control, on ignorance, on malicious hypocrisy·.
Will Family Limitation Lead to Race Suicide? We might
answer this question in the following manner: .Are women
who use preventives childless? The facts show that such is
not the case. It is estimated that hundreds of thousands of
families now use preventives, very few of them being without
children. These families have from one to four children,
but they regulate the number of children in accordance with
the family income. It is foolish to fear that the use of contraceptives will bring about the destruction of the race. When
we think of the infinite worry and trouble to which women
will go in order to have children, we certainly need not apprehend a dying .out of the race. No artificial device will
ever destroy the world-old instinct in woman of perpetuating
the species. Moreover, in Holland, where contraceptives
are in most general use, the population has not decreased
but actually increased, due to the better economic and social
conditions prevailing there as a result of birth control.
Will The Knowledge of Birth Control Measures Lead to Immorality? It is said that if the knowledge of contraceptives
is made general, the young will taste the forbidden fruit of
illicit sexual intercou~se. Granted that this may occur occasiol)ally. Even so, t he benefits derived from a diminution
of venereal diseases resulting from earlier marriages, the fewer and healthier offspring, the prevention of the ·procreation
of the underfed, the tuberculous, the alcholics, the degenerate; the feeble-minded and the insane would more than outweigh the .isolated instances of sexual intercourse prior to
_marriage. And suppose some women ARE bound to have
illicit reia,ioilS? As a . writer has said, "Is it not better that
they should know the use of a harmless preventive than that
they should become pregnant, disgraCing and ostracizing
themselves and their families, or that they should subject
themselves to the risks of an abortion, or, failing in this, to
take carbolic acid, or bichloride, or jump into the river, or
throw themselves under the wheels of a running train?" The
fear of pregnancy does not keep girls pure and chaste; its
the social training, the education that they receive comb~ne~ wit_h the monogamous tendency that practicall; every
giTl mhents.
·
Are The Means of Prevention Absolutely Sure?.. It is often
remarked that contraceptives often fail to prevent conception. While this may be true in some cases, it is also true
that this failure is most often attributable ta the carelessness
or ignorance of those using the- methods. Statistics show
that the various methods of control are from 98 to 99 percent infallible. When the laws prohibiting the dissemination
of .such information are repealed, men and· women can dis~
cuss the subject in public and thus entirely eradicate the othei:
one ot two· percent of failure. To the . secrecy of the use of
preventives and the working out of their formulas, is due, to
·a large extent; the failures that occasionally result. In Berlin, in 1876, the birth rate was 240 per annum per thousand
of ·married women; in 1912, the bi'rth rate had fallen to 90
per thousand married women. This and other examples show·
the marvelous effectiveness of contraceptive measures.
Will Birth Control Lead to Excess in Married Life? It will
not. The facts show ~hat during the time of ' pregnancy
occurs the greatest frequency of intercourse in families not
using contraceptives. This period js the greatest temptation
to excess. Birth control will regulate this, prevent excesses,
and establish moderation.
.Is Birth Control Immoral? Immoral is something that is
injurious to the community. If birth control makes for
mental and moral improvement, how can it be said to be
immoral? To those who contend that the woman who uses
preventives is nothing but a monogamous prostitute, we can
only reply ·lhat the author of the argument is a drooling imbecile. The simple and irrefutable fact remains that all
children born into the world should be desired and lovingly ·
created.
Dr. Robinson says: "A working man should not have
more than two children. Every child after the second, and
particluarly after the third, is individually and racially ·a
calamity. It means that the mother's health is bei11g ex·
hausted. It means that she cannot attend as properly as she
should to her first children. It means that the succeeding
children are taking away a part of the indispensable food and
clothing from the first children. It means that the first children will not be able to get the neeessary bringing up and
education that they otherwise would. It means that they will
be sent to work earlier than they otherwise would. It means
glutting the labor market with wage slaves. In short, too
many children in other than well-to-do· families is a crime.
.It is a c_rime against every member of the individual family,'
. a crime against the father, a crime agai·nst the succeeding
:
·
children, anq a crime against society."
The day is rapidly approaching when a woman can go· to a
health station to get instructions for preventing an- undesired
pregnancy just as she goes at the present time to secure a
form ula for modifying her baby's milk. Before this can be
accomplished, howev'er, much remains to be done.
Our physicians will have to throw overboard some of their
so-called professional ethics-and join with the liberals and
ra_dicals of our time in beseiging the legislatures of every state
wtth the demand to repeal the infamous law which makes
?ivin? such information an offense punishable by five year's
Impnsonment. .
Readers are respectfully invited to . correspond with the
A~soci~te ~ditor of the L!ano Publications and to co-operate
with him m every man1,1er possible in getting people interested in and working for this propaganda.
WOMEN WISHING INFORMATION ON BIRTH CONTROL SHOULD WRITE TO~MARGARET SANGER, 104
FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK CITY. Mention the Western Comrade when you do so.
�Page eighteen
The·
Western
Comrade
Does God Exist?
By
I
'•·
Henry
M. Tichenor
AM requested by the -Western Comrade to write an
article entitled, "Does God Exist?" I hink a better. cap-tion would be, "Do the Gods Exist?" .
.
.
There are so many of 'them, scattered in various parts of fhe
globe, and all of them, though bearing different titles, appear
so much alike:._exhibit so much evidence of a similar source
of origin-that the same argument that would prove . the· ex~·
istence of one would prove the existence of all, or vice .versa.
All the Gods in use today are hoary with age. Their pedigree dates back into remote antiquity. Sacred traditions
trace them through barbarism and savagery, and even into
the age of the cave-dwellers, and there is lost. True, their
characters have undergone changes in the long journey of
the centuries, and, to their credit be it said , somewhat, as a
general rule, for the better; but the same gods that the ancients worshiped are worshiped still; and this applies t9 the
heathens as well as the Christians.
No Gods have been originated, or discovered, in modern
times. jesus , and Budda, and others of ihe rejected prophets of brotherhood and peace, may have had visions of a
more humane and justice-loving God than those accepted by
·the professors of the ·various religions, but they never became popular enough to endure. Nobody, save a few un·
desirables, seemed to want them. They passed away for lack
of encouragement to stay with us. The Gods of the fathers
of the stone age were good enough for the sons.
I remarked that the characters of the Gods had somewhat improved. Not much, but a little. They do not require
the sacrificing of cattle these days to appease their wrath.
That helps some. The immense quantity of meat that once
went upo in burnt offerings, that, says Genesis viii: 21, and
Exodus xxix: 18, was a sweet savor to jehovah's nostril's
would, if required today, upset all the food conservation ligures. j ehovah might have to conscript the meat trust in
order to get a smell. So it's a good thing we are saved this
religious performance in order to save our souls. As a matter
of economy _it is well that the Christians today are washing
away their sins i~us ' blood, instead of depending upon
. a daily who'lesa~auebter of calves and -lambs, as once took
place in Jerusalem. Let us be thankful for this.
.
It is also a good thing that no God, these d ays, butchers
the first-born of man or beast in a midnight orgy, as jehovah
once did in Egypt. It's bad enough the way we slowly kill
the children in the cotton mills; and the price of beef and
mutton and bacon is soaring high enough without any God
hulling the market. So it is well that the Gods are somewhat better, or at least quieter, than they used to be, even
though mankind appears at .l'times as heartless and cruel as of
old. We hope, some good day, to pound some sense into
man}cind; but what could we hope to do if an all-powerful,
invisible God was gettin~ our goat whenever he took a
notion?
Anether improvement, or rather a relief, that can be noted
on the part of the Gods these days, is that they pay no attention to prayer. If they did the kaiser, or even T. Roosevelt, might have eaten· up the last human being before this,
and they themselves be the only remaining specimens of the
species. It is realiy a splendid thing that prayers are not ans-·
wered any more. If they were the world would be a worse
bedlam than it is. It used to be that a holy man of God could
say a prayer, and a pack of she-bears would rush out of the
woods and tear little children to pieces. It is well that Nat-
ural Law, and not prayer, is . running things now.
And the thought naturally arises, in answer to the question
propounded in this article: has not Natural Law, and not the
Gods, always· existed?
What are the ancient and original concept{ons of the Gods,
save supernatural creatures, made in the likeness of man, or
some other animal?
jehovah is described in various parts of the bible as having
hands an"cl feet, eyes and ears, and a mouth and nose out of
which flew sparks. Moses (so says Cenesis xxx!ll, verse 23)
had the good fortune to hide in the cleft of a ro.ck and view
his back parts as he passed by.. If you believe this, Jehovah
must exist. Cotton Mather is ·said to have witnessed an oid
woman astraddle a broomstick sailing o;;rer the moon. If
you believe this, then witches must exist.
·.The Gods of old swam the seas, prowled the jungles, and
floated through the air.- The God of tile Christians, who once
wandered everywhere, is now stationary. - He sits in silence
on a gold throne somewhere in the skies. Once he was fre·
quently .seen and talked to by the priests that started the story
·
of his existence.
As I do not believe the stories of the priests, I do i10t be~
lieve in the existence of their Cods. I believe the Gods were
first conceived in the murky minds of our ancestors, the
anthropoid apes. That conception was inherited and en~
larged upon in the still murky minds of their progeny, the
first savage humans. They knew nothing of Nature and Na~
ture's Laws. All phenomena were the miraculous workings of
unseen creatures, bigger a-nd greater than themselves. The
terrific tempest, the thunder and lightning, were the man·
ifestations qf an angry God. The savage· fled to his cave in
terror. The law of economic determinism-which is so ad~
mirably described by Oscar Ameringer as "the thing that
makes a ' man get a hustle on himself towards the spot where
he hears the jingle of easy money"-was already at work.
A priest-class early came into existence, professing not only
a personal acquaintance with the Gods, but also sufficient
power of persuasioiJ to keep them in good humox. The priest
was furni~ed a living in . exchange for the prayers he said .
He also' dined on the choicest cuts of the animals offered in
sacrifice. 1'\aturally the priest and the tribal chief soon be- .
came bosom friend\;. Their interests were identical. One
lived hy ruling the brains, the other by ruling the bodies of
the people. The priest predicted ~II ·sorts of dire calamities
to overtake those that rebelled against the authority of the
chief or himself. He even finally invented an everlasting
hell. And to the Gods, born in the murky minds of the an~
thropoid apes, have been preserved in ev~ry age as an invaluable asset to hold tbe workers in subjection to the classes
that live by expropriating their products.
in the New Society, the Gods, like the governments of the
exploiters, will be found to have been nothing bu't supersti~
tions. In that society, Service will be the only savior, and
Labor the only prayer. In that society, Man wiH arise from
his knees-will not kiss the dust in fear of lord of earth or
sky. And, if in Nature, our Mother, there is a sentient soul,
she will greet with gladness her children, begotten in the
·night when the world was young; that have at last evolved to
the full stature of Humanity.
Curst greed of gold, what crimes thy tyrant power has
caused!-Virgil.
..
�•
The
Wettern
Comrade
Page nineteen
A Plea for ·Sensible Propaganda
Now that the scope of our criticism of others is restricted
we socialists may gain something by criticising . ourselves. '
For instance, consider our propaganda.
. We scold to much. People who are socialists, and know
It, are still greatly in the mi!lority. We need the help of many
wh? are not yet so~ialists. But often -we treat these people
as 1f they were our mveterate enemies, instead of prospective
co-workers. We expect too much from them. We imagine
that forming a belief is a very simple matter. At least, in
practice, we under-estimate the power of personal inclina-tion,
of training, and of association in ' determining opinion. We
assume that it is as easy to choose between socialism and
capitalism as between good apples and. bad ones. And because he does not at once see as we see, we dub a- man a fool
who, in a general way, may be vastly more intelligent than
we ourselves. Our own classic litearture, revealing as it does,
the slow and painful progress of the race, should make us
more patient; and if it does not, our own experience must ..
We too often allow discussion to degenerate into argument- a very human failing. An argument is a fight- a
verbal brawl. And truth does not thrive in the atmosphere
of fight; indeed. when the fight is most acute, as in the case
of a great war, lying becomes a virtue, and truth-telling a
vice. An argument is an exchange of blows, and its purpose
is t~ ad~inis~er a personal defeat, to win a barren victory;
a discussion IS an exchange of ideas, and its purpose is to
establi~h the truth.
We denounce too much; or rather, too crudely. Our voice
is too shrill. We use too many adjectives, make too many
gesture-s. Our antics turn tragedy into comedy. True, any
number of the strongest adjectives may fall far short of describing the situation; the occasion may justify our most
violent d~nunciations-but the results do not. We can best
make other• feel as we feel , not by givi ng vent to our feelings, but by simply relating thP circumstances that make us
feel as we do. Whether the appeal is to the intellect or to
the emotions, simplicity and due restrair!'t will strengthen it.
Ther@ is great power in the piain, unvarnished tale.
Fight? Certainly. But we have fought with words too
long. We have tried to make the vocal organs do the work
of the whole I:Jod~-- w~ must fight by doing, instead of hy
talkmg. On the mdustnal battlefield, action is what couuts.
An~. <;>u~ proj)~ ganda will be a most useful· auxiliary to our
pohtico-mdustnal fighting machine when we substitute vigor
for bombast.
-ALEC WATKINS
The Bolsheviki ·
The friendly and sympathetic tone in which President Wilson referred to the present rulers of Russia in his "Peace
Terms" speech was a severe rebuke to the purveyors of the
fanciful fal sehoods that have been circulated so widely in our
press concerning the Bolsheviki.
Day by day the Russian government has operated the wireless at Petrograd tirelessly in an effort to keep the world informed as to what was gojng on. The messages sent out have
but rarely appeared in the American press. l_nstead, our
newspapers have given us nothing but incomplete and contradictory ;eports which, in most cases, were plainly untrue.
N~w that the president has spoken, however, a change is
already noticeable. It has become plain that the Bobheviki
are neither the agents nor the dupes of the kaiser. The
charge that Lenine and Trotsky are in the pay of Germany
-· .. ---...·-.,
.. -~ ...
.J - .
is utterly discredited. - The wild r~mors of a Russia . in chaos
have been shown to be without foundation. Only recently, .
no less a person than Sir Geor.ge Buchanan; who was British Ambassador at Petrograd, explained that the Bolsheviki
are securely in control as long as they continue ·on .the same
principle. In !England, the Bolsheviki have found support In
several __quarters. T.wo . of England's most po~erful news- .
papers, the London Daily News and the Manchester Guardian,
are outspoken in their praise. And · quite lately tfie new
- British Labor· Party issu~d a strong endorsement of the Peace
·
Terms· of New Russia.
Even if one di'sapprove~ of Russia's action in regard to ·
the war' one could not fairly view the achievements -of the
Bolsheviki without admiration. They have maintained a remarkable degree of' order in spite of the desperate' scheming
of the reactionaries and th.e open _opposition of dissenting socialists. They have met boldly the -innumerable · problems
that inevitably arise from the sudden chang~ from an autocratic monarchy to a free' republic, problems that . vitally affect _.the daily lives of a population nearly twi'ce as large as
that of the United States. They have ·taken definite steps
to establish, not only political freedom, but also an economic
freedom far in advance of that of any other country. Theyhave matched their wits with remarkable success against the
best-trained diplomats of the world. They have carried on a
peace propaganda among the soldiers of t~ermany army.
They have fired the 'iiberal elements of Germany with a new
hope and a new courage. They have given to the world a
basis for peace, the spirit of which has been echoed by President Wilson, and the substance of which is meeting the .approval of the progressive sections of every_ country at war.
And they have done all this at a time when every day gives
birth to a new crisis.
The future of the Bolsheviki is, perhaps,- a matter of doubt.
A professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin, who
has just retun1ed from Russia, gives them two years more of
power. Shoul_d t~e_y lose control, it will more likely be as a
result of an mabihty to break through their own stubborn
dogmatism than the operation of outside . political forces
alone. Nevertheless, the entire incident has demonstrated
once again the utt_er unreliability, not only of our newspapers,
but also of o~r diplomacy and the incompetence of our diplomats. And 1t has demonstrated in a very remarkable fashion
the ho~lowness of the claim of the ruling classes that to them
alone IS given the ability of performing the functions of gov- _.
ernment.
-ALEC WATKINS
--o--
THE DOOM OF EMPIRES
The traveler standing amid the ruins of ancient Cities ana'
empires,' seeing on every side the fallen pillar and the prostrate wall, asks why did these cities fall, why did these em-·
p1res crumble? Anel the -Ghost of the Past, the wisdom ot
ag_es. answe~s: These temples, these palaces, these cities, the
~u~ns _of which you stand upon, were built by tyranny and
lllJUStice. The hands that built them were unpaid. The
backs that bo~e the burdens also bore the marks of the lash.
They _were bmlt by slaves to satisfy the vanity and ambition
of ~h1e~~s- an_d robbers. For these reasons they are dust.
Their clVII.zatwn was a lie. Their laws merely regulated robbery and established theft. They bought and sold the bodies
·?nd so~ls of _men, and_ the ~our~1ful wind of desolation, sigh~ng am1d their crumblmg rums, IS a voice of prophetic warnmg_ to those who would repeat_the infamous experiment, uttermg the great truth, that no nation founded upon slavery
f~I~~~s:. BODY" OR MIND, can stand.-ROBERT G
r
�The
Page twenty
Weate·rn
Comrade
•
Peace And Its Meanip.g
By Upton Sinclair
The cry of the community before the war was hard times,
which meant that the goods were piling up ·and not being
consumed. And that is a condition which the private profit
HIS afternoon I r~alize that I am rJ~IIy in_Am~ri~. the system caused iq Ol!r community. Consumption did not halhome of business. The joy .of selhng thmgs IS an ex· ance production, and there was a surplus profit; there were
citement I understand a little myself because I once · panics and men out of work; and when they asked why, the
published a book. The president of the United States under- answer was " overproduction." A man's wife must go in rags
took to advertise it, thus making it easy to sell, apd I had because . he has produced too much cloth; he could not buy
the wonderful thrill of seeing goods go out and checks come shoes for his children because he had produced too much
in. I can appreciate the attitude that most Americans take wealth for the capitalists. An this condition of overproducin such a situation. Somehow or other, though, the joy of tion was continually increasing. Also the Socialist vote was
selling things doesn't seem to be an entirely satisfactory sol- increasing year by year. In Germany you could see that
ution pf a ll the problems of existence. There is something vote rise like a thermometer. If you watch a thermometer,
wrong somewhere. Some of the people make a fuss about ii: you kriow that when it has risen so far, if it goes one degree
and make trouble-Socialists they call themselves, and nat· farther, something is going to break. In precisely the same
· :ally we don't like them, put them in jail and give them as way you could say of the Socialist vote in Germany that if
.. ncomfortable a time as we can.
it increased any further, the ruling class would lose control
Now I am one those Socialists that happen to be 'out of ~f the country and rather than abdicate this class ·would
jail, a nd I came here to tell you a little about what we think ~ drive the country into war to bring aboJ.It a condition of reis wrong with the joy and excitement of selling things and · newed prosperity.
making money. This has been going oo for a long time in
We are told that this is a war for democracy. Some of
the world. It is a habit that is very strong not only in Am- us have different ideas of democracy. We think that demerica, but in every other country as well. They tell UL9Ver ocracy really counts in the important things of life, which
in Europe that we are the original dollar-chase rs. But I are where you get your food, under what conditions you get
have traveled in most of the countries of Europe, and I have it. We believe that democracy means that in the industrial
had more lead quarters offered to me in a week over there life of the world the people should have control of their own
than I have seen in America in my whole lifetime.
destinies. I know that is disturbin g to all business men. The
I am going to tell you a little of the Socialist's view of buoiness man is now the master, and the workers m~st obey.
our present system, and why it has lead the world into the ' But I look forward to a regime of industrial democracy, in
present calamity. It is the system of private industry, of which the workers will control their industries, and will ~ive
production for profit. It keeps the vast majority of the themselves the full val ue of their product. Of course, we
people upon what is called a competitive wage, which is the have, for example, our public school s. It would seem quite
very lowest amount they can exist on while they work, and preposterous if any one would suggest leaving the handling
the surplus product goes in one way or another to the owners of our mail to be cared for by private corporations. But,
of the machinery of production. It may be rent, it may be on the other hand, the agent of the Salt Lake Railroad here
just profits, but whatever you cal.l it, it goes · to the admin- beside me hopes . that the government will give him back his
istering class. Now, the .administering class has the most line some day. What I look forward to is to see him duly
brains, beeause they can afford to hire them. Any man has established as the head of a certain department of the United
a chance to become a millionaire if he is sharp enough, and States Railways, runnin g them for the people of the United
is not troubling too much with his neighbor's troubles: The States. I think he would be quite as happy, and we might be
wealth being under the control of the administering class, able ··to pay him quite as large a salary. I am sure he
this clas's combines to regulate prices, and at the same time would agree that if a group of private owners did not have
forces the competitive system on the working class.
a claim to a large part of his profits, he could hand!~ our
So the greater part of the selling of the world is done at freight and passengers much · more cheaply than he can at ·
prices which are fixed. The greater part of the labor of the present.
world works . for wages that are made in ·. the open market.
I have been predicting a social revolution for America for
Wages do not rise along with prices of the products, but real twenty years and all my friends have been laughing at me;
wages actually diminish. Before the 'w ar, in ten years, the now I am getting ready to have my laugh. You know that
cost of living increased 40 percent, acc01ding to Government saying about he who laughs last.
statistics, and wages increased about 15 percent, and so at
The Russian · people have suffered under a double condition
the end of the ten years those persons ·working for wages of servitude, and we all wished them luck when they threw
were 25 percent poorer without being aware of it. The result off their yoke of czardom. But the Russian people were not
was that with constantly increasing momentum the wealth of satisfied to overthrow the czar only; they have proceeded to
the world was thrown into the hands of one class, while the overthrow their land owners and capitalists, and to confiscate
other, the working class, the producers, were not able to buy the banks and factories. What this means is that the revoluwhat they produced.
tionists of the modern world say the peace which is coming
Government statistics have shown that by modern methods to the world must be a peace of industrial as well as of polwe produce from ten to one hundred times· as much by rna- itical democracy.
chinery as we used to produce by hand. The consequence is
We have to do our part in understanding this--everybody
that we are producing goods that our population hasn't the in America, because we all help to make public sentiment.
·money to bJ.Iy. The 'goods are heaping up at one end, while We have to do our part in deciding how this war is to he
This address, published exclusively by the We s I ern_ Comrade
was delivered ~ ,Comrade Sinclair before the Commercial Board of
Los Angeles, Cal~rnia, February 4th, 1918 ·
T
the
people~e•lly nred t h \ the othe,.
'k
(C..•O•o!
MP~:~-·-C
':) --
7
.:'~
-f .
�The
Western
Comrade
The Menace of Milita.ry Training
By ' Norman
T
Thomas
HE most extraordinary ·aspect of "this war to end war.:: their devil in the robes of an angel of light. They claim that
militarism will encourage democracy apd erase class lines.
this struggle "to make the world safe for democracy,
. is the powerful and elaborately 'organized effort in the Surely the workers of America know that the way to remove
United States to take advantage of the situati?n "to ~-~t class lines is 't o remove classes by instituting indus~rial demacross" (in the words of ex-president Taft) umversal m~h ocracy. Democracy is more than enforced ·comradeship in
tary training and service. Reasonable men must wonder With a dog tent. Actually, military training and service means the
a kind of despair why it should be necessary to ar~ue .that. the inevitable creation of an officer caste and the addition of
way NEVER to end war or to make the. worl~ s_af~ for rem· : military distinctions to those already in our country. It means
ocracy is to fasten a policy of universal conscnption upo~ the the drilling of men at the impressionable age of their lives ·
country. The Bolsheviki, the British Labor party, Pres1de~t in that system of automatic obedience which is the chief en·
Wilson, even Lloyd George, with varying degrees of ·emphasis emy of the reflective self-government' which democracy requires- of its citizens. Militarism cannot block the final
have declared for a world organization which .r~sts upo~ ~e
cornerstone of disarmament. Is universal m1htary . trammg triumph of democracy in America but it can build a dam
· across· the river of our democratic hopes.
Temporarily it
and service the way to disarm? The whole world condemns
can stop the stream and at last instead of flowing through
Germany as chiefly responsible for th~ p!esent tragedy. Do
their channels as a river of life the waters may break as by
we want to share a like burden of -gmlt m the future ye~rs? .
a destructive flood. Will intelligent Americans tolerate this
Nothing else will be our fate if we, the richest a~d ~otentiall! danger? Will they permit a capitalist cla~s to prolong the
the most powerful of the nations, should n~w msllt~te umperiod of its own power by the militaristic system?
versal military training and service as a national pohcy, not
because of the present need but to make ~urselves strong for
CONSCRIPTION AND INDIVIDUAL WELLBEING
the future. Every nation would feel obhged to follow our
The final effort of the militarist is to prove that military
lead .. Let us not deceive ourselves. The foe is not German
training is somehow or other good for the individual. The
militarism but militarism. What that institution did to the
argument runs like this: We want no more wars; but milifellow-countrymen of Kant and Goethe it will do to the feltary training is good for the character, for the body, mind
low-countrymen of Abraham Lincoln.
and soul. I have heard militaristic speakers tell how many
It is worth our while to examine somewhat more closely
million Americans had defective teeth and adenoids and
the effects of militarism.
argue that therefore we need military training. Is rifle drill
_·_.a cure for bad teeth? Is bayonet practice a remedy for ad~
INTERNATIONALISM
noids? Much of our national ill health i~ due to insufficient
Compulsory military training and service means the per- nourishment. In New York 21 percent of the school chi'ldren
petuation of great establishments for the manufacture of are undernourished. Are we to cure this disease by taking
arms. If these are under private or public contrc;>l it means young men to military camps or are we going instead to use
that some man or nation has a monetary stake Jn weapons that money to give the children a chance? By all means we
of destruction. It means that a group of officers is interested need physical training but well-informed doctors have· sucin increasing the diabolical efficiency of weapons of destruc- cessfully demonstrated that there are better forms of physical
tion. It means the old race in armaments which constitute training than you can possibly get in military drill~ We want
an actual physical barrier, to the free intercourse of peoples. the best, not a dangerous substitute.
More tha·n that it means the erection of spiritual barriers. If
President Wilson closed his stinging letter to Senator
America is to be thus armed she must. have an enemy · to hate Chamberlain in these words: "I am bound to infer that your
or some imperialistic ambitions to fulfill. In no other way statement sprang out of opposition to the administration's
can a nation be persuaded to bear the burdens of conscrip- whole policy rather than out of any serious intention to retion. We know what our economic imperialists are planning; form its practice." That is to say, Senator Chamberlain's
They will deflect our minds from our own problems by filling enthusiasm for universal. military training and service was the
us With fear of Japan or some other power and use our armies chief reason for his denunciation of the Secretary of War
to back up their own gaines of economic aggrandizement who had been brave enough to point out the inconsistency of
among the weaker nations of the earth. Under these cir~ such a program with all America's professions as voiced by
cumstances any league of the peoples of earth will become Mr. WiiM•n. In this case we who are bitterly opposed to a
economically and psychologically impossible. You could not permanent policy of conscription are standing behind the
have a United States of America if each state drilled all its ·president, and not only behind the president but behind all
youth in the philosophy and practice of war, magnified in its liberals in every country who look for a new world.
text books its own greatness, and directed the minds of its
growing boys to fear the power of its neighbors. Neither
LET TH.E PEOPLE VOTE ON WAR
can you possibly have any league of nations worthy of the
Each voter should sign his or her name to the ballot that ·
name under these conditions. We will simply return to the
old system of international anarchy, of a world composed of is voted. In counting, the ballots for war should be kept
armed a~d suspiciot,~s nations. ready to fight at the word of a apart from the ballots against war. In event of more than
half of the population voting for war, those who voted for
general staff. Are we to lear'? nothing from this tragedy?
war should be sent to the front in the order in which they
CONSCRIPTION AND DE1\10CRACY
appeared at their respective polling places. Nobody who
Universal service is the arch foe of democra~y. not its voted against war should be called to serve until everybody
friend. The insidious danger of the plan of our security who voted for war had been sent to the front.-ALLAN L.
leagues is that they present their wolf in sheep's clothing; BENSON.
�Page twenty-two
Tbe
Boudin's War
Western
Comrade
Analysi~
By Ida Crouch- Hazlett
I
I
N view of the fact that the war was undoubtedly the issue in the late nation-wide, electoral campaign; that there
is even at this date great confusion in the minds of the
socialists of this country (and their psychology IS not unique)
regarding a correct interpretation of the war, and its relation
to capitalist society, and a pragmatic program of the proletariat; that the charge has been made of a right-about-face
change of attitude in the midst of the mayoralty campaign;
the incipient division of the party on the war issue; the .formation of the NationaL party; the apparent subservient, flunkyized position of American labor towards the war; the pendulum-like vibration of National versus International feeling;
and, finally, the sad and discouraging phenomenon of the
disintegration of the Second lntemational; in view of these
facts, the scientific ability to reason out from the chaos · of
facts to a lucid and logical conclusion is a prime, indispensable necessity towards formulating a plan of action for
the working class, that will be effective, that will not make
us ridiculous, that will be a lever with which to pry the capitalist monster and send him toppling a notch or two towards his inevitable downfall.
As a material assistance in this direction I wish to call
some attention to Louis B. Boudin's remarkable volume on
"Socialism and the War."
The lectures herein reproduced were delivered in 1914.
Their publication in book form was delayed until 1915. The
author asserts that nothing happened during the intervening
year to throw any additional light upon his views, and the
matter woo:: printed without change.
Comrade Bouain for many years has been known to American socialists, and the international movement as well,
through his scholarly "Theoretical System of Karl Marx," in
which he refutes the critics who assert that the .theories of
Marx are now out of date, in a masterly manner. He has
taken time from his profession as a lawyer to add to the education of the American movement by constant contributions
to its press, by a brilliant brochure on "Government by Judiciary"; while he conscientiou~ly continues his lectures on
the elucidation of whatever coneerns the welfare of the working class.
Comrade Boudin is now one of the editors of the "Class
Struggle." a new magazine with a standard that immeditaety
ranks it at the front of socialist publications in Americasomething of the nature of the old "International Socialist
Review" at the time when Comrade A. M. Simons was the
Editor.
AUSTRO-HUNGARY ULTIMATUM
On july 23rd the Austro-Hungarian government sent an
ultimatum to Servia to punish those guilty of the murder of
the Archduke Ferdinand. and to stop a propaganda that threatened to disrupt the empire. Little Servia's defiance must, h~e
had backing no less than Russia; and there must have been
strong reasons why a government that had suffered so much
from regicides should back up regicides. The Kaiser urges
upon his Russian cousins their common interest in punishing
r.egicides; and finally pronounces the ukase that if Austria
cannot have her way with Servia, Germany will go to war
·
with Russia and her allies.
There would have been no fight if Germany had stayed out.
She must have had vital interests to assert or defend. France
did not enter in revenge for the war and indemnity of 1870.
She was poorly prepared. England was no party to l,e original quarrel. Her sudden and inexplicable benevolence in
claiming to be the protector of small nations is like Russia's
protection of the Slavs. Why the desire to maintain Belgian
neutrality and not that of Luxemburg? Why did Belgium
allow herself to be crucified on the altar of the neutrality
principle when a peaceful passage would have left her intact~
VARIOUS THEORIES
The lectures from which the book is made are six in number. They are entitled: "Clearing the Ground"; "The Economic Causes of the War"; "The Ideologic Causes of the
War"; "The Immediate Causes of the War and the Stakes
Involved"; "The War and the Socialists"; "Socialist vs.
Bourgeois Theories."
Comrade Boudin says that principally all writers, and even ·
most socialist writers, have said that economic conditions
were not the cause of the war. Among the various alleged
reasons are: militarism, czarism, kaiserism, England's jealousy of Germany's growing trade, "autocratic institutions,"
"the ruling classes," to crush the oncoming revolution.
He refers to joshua Wanhope, editor of the "Call", who
puts it up squarely to Rothschild; with which conclusion Herman Cahn, American socialism's distinguished exponent of
financial economics, to some extent, at least, agrees. The
absurdity . of the kaiser theory is shown in the face of the
Materialistic Conception of History; the czar theory is the
same; militarism is not a first cause. The blaming of Sir
Edward Grey- England's jealousy- is no better. England
was making great concessions to Germany at this time with a
view to keeping out of war.
England and F ranee are ancient enemies. Their recent
EXHAUSTIVE ANALYSIS
contest over F ashoda and the territory of the upper Nile is
Boudin's analysis is by far the most exhaustive that 'has still fresh.
The capitalist c]ass in both the alliance and entente counbeen presented on the subject of the war. Wells, in "Italy,
France, and Britain at War"; Steinmetz, in "America and the tries is suffering from tremendous destruction of property, and
New Epoch"; Arthur Bullard in the "Diplomacy of the Great yet it is backing the war with money and life, and in all
War"; Frederick C. Howe in "Why War?" "Iron and Steel" countries the capitalists are enthusiastic for it. Some stupenand many other sources that could be mentioned all con- dous capitalist interests must be involved.
The "autocracy or democracy" fetish is ridiculous; othertribute some valuable information on the great social catwise the kaiser and czar should have been fighting together.
astrophe.
The theory of the ruling cla ss stampede is the only one that
The value of Boudin's book is that he has the Marxian interpretation of international commercia! relations, secret dip- shows any appreciation of the law of cause and effect. But
lomacy, foreign investments, capitalist inadequacy, and econ- methods employed do not sustain the idea of a sham battle
.for destroying the revolutiona ry efficiency of the working class.
omic necessity.
In the beginning he presents two questions--!. Who or Wars may be_&.alled the mother of revolutions as well as their
grave. Unpopular war hastens impendin~ revolutions.
what caused the war? 2. What is it all about?
\
'
�~
.
The
Western
Comrade
Page tw~ty-three
.
.
nations. Germany was merely-primum intt;:.r pares. The rea-·
The auth?r ~hen presents very · carefully the economi~ son is hot racial liut marvelous · economic development. She'
causes contnbutmg to the war, to prove that they have not has become . the Jargest producer of iron and • steel : 'in· th~
suspended operation ' in the uniyerse. He does not deal with world. In 191 0 she produced h\~ce as much iron and. ~teel •
' ·.
hackneyed general formulas, but with complicated, concrete ·as England, her nearest competitor.
Two WilTS are really being waged; the war of· Russi~r anci
problems. Capitalism is not particularly warlike; it prefers
peace for profits. · The nineteenth century the period -of the Servia a·gainst Austria and GerinanY. in the Ea'st; .and Gergreatest development of_capitalism, was a disti"nctly peaceful many against England and France in the West. The war in
century. There has been no generaLwar_since the close of - ~he East represents the first warlike _period of capitalism; that
the Napolonic wars; no great war since the F ranco-Prussian m the West the third· and last stage of capitalism. That in
the East is part of the march of the nations to the sea" Peter
war.
Capitalism has three epochs, one peaceful, and two warlike. · the · Great started Russia to the sea. Co~stantinople is the
It is combative in its youth, as Germa.ny waged the Franco- lock between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean and the
great Ocean beyond. The other powers have kept- the Turk
Pru~si":n wa~ to assert itsejf. When it becomes full-grown,
capitahsm Wishes to give attention to business-as Enaland in place to keep Russia -out. The Bosporus and Dardanelles
and America have been doing. When past its zenith a;d on hold the· same vantage point in the East that Gibraltar does.
the downward grade capitalism starts wars furiously to main- in the West. The Bosporus can be bridged and trains run ·_
tain its ·existence. E"ngland waged war continuously for · two from Europe to Asia.
Servia and Austria are · competitors for -the western coast-"
hundred years from the accession of Elizabeth through the
line
of the Balkan Peninsula.
·
· .
·. ·
Seven Years' war, and established her position as the leadina
.Pan-Germanism
is
the
political
expression
of
Germany's
commercial country of the world. She has been pacific since~
aspirations-a
dream
of.
worfd
empire
with
the old
economic
Her imperalistic character has been established without great
wars. When the second Boer war came, the period of im- Roman .empire as a model- beginning at ·the Atlantic, from
perialism ha:d set in. Enland's dominant interests had the Strait of Dover to the ScandiQavian mainland, running
changed from Manchester to Birmingham; and the real power southeasterly, including Belgium, Holland, Germany, Austria,
in present day politics is found in the market reports on iron Hungary, Balkafts, Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, India, reaching
and steel. When Chamberlain, of Birmingham, passed the the Pa.cific at the. Indian Ocean; welded by railroad lines
other cabinet offices till he reached the Colonial Secretary- traversing the entire length. This would destroy England's ,
ship at the bottom, it meant that the era of world ploitics had carrier trade and .deprive her of India. She must therefore .
fight.
come.
The Bagdad railway was the first practical step in this dirImperialism means that iron and steel have taken the place
of textiles as the leading industry of c~pitalism. And im- ection. England balked this by shutting Germany from Kowperialism means war._ Textiles; therefore, mean peace-and eit, the terminal on the Gulf of Persia. In the contest of the
I.
\,
powers in Morocco, England drove the German warship
iron-and steel mean war.
"Panther," from the harbor of ~adir.
·
War, instead of beginning August I, 1914, began October
IRON AND STEEL POLICIES
7, 1908, when Austria announced that she had annexed BosThe recent developments of the economics of capitalism · nia and Herzegovina. · Servia must be ail Austrian dependcall for very different political policies when the surplus to be·
ency for the Pan-German success. The blow was str-uck
dis!Josed of is steel and iron in the place of personal consumunder the stimulus _o f an enorm~us production of iron and
iible goods, as textiles. A market not only must be found
steel; but in the name of German culture.
·
that can use, but a market that can pay. Iron and steel are
. And the blow was struck b_a ck in the name of liberty and .
costly, and the capitalist wo~ld must stimulate demand by
mdependence, but really to protect the great interests which
"civilizing" backward countries through "improvements"
the nations have af stake. . Belgium wants to keep ·for her
.. such as railroads, canals, etc. Hence the "exportation ·of
o~n capitalists the lucrative trade of Antwerp which Germany
capital" to create markets. There · is also a change in the
Wishes to transfer to German capitalists.
process of distribution- the more developed parts of capitalism produce mainly _the means of production, while the less
THE WAR AND THE SOCIALISTS
developed produce ' means of consumption.
In this chapter, the fifth, discussing the various doctrit;~s
THE CHANGE FROM TEXTILES TO IRON AND STEEL
IS THE REAL CAUSE OF THi:. CHANGE IN· CAPITALISM of peace, the cold militarist idea of necessity, and the huFROM A PEACEFUL TO A WARLIKE MOOD WHICH HAS manitarian view, which looks on war as only hideous butBROUGHT ABOUT THE IMPERIALISTIC ERA~ AND IS chery and criminal waste, the author holds to the belief that
war, while abhorrent in itself, may nevertheless, become an
THE RSAL CAUSE OF THE PRESENT WAR.
Investors want dividends ; backward countries do not furn- engine of human progresji. It depends on the point of view
·
ish them; "concessions" must be granted which is a mode of and the stage in evolution of any particular race.
Rus ·ia a nd Servia are on their mardi to the sea, and -~re
payme'IIt for the iron and steel. Forced loans are made on
backward countries. All these interests must be protected by f1ghting for independent economic existence.
International socialists have shown widely divergent views
the home government.
Governments must protect their colonies from outside in- since the present conflict. The test of war which Marx made .
vestors; they must seek new territory for future investment. was: Was the war making for human progress?
The German bourgeoisie, coming upon the historic stage
This is imperialism.
later than its western neighbors, passed from one warlike
IMMEDIATE CAUSES
. period into another without the intervening peaceful period.
Germany has led the world in disseminating this "super" It now must fight its rivals on one hand ·and its working
creed to its people; its mission to spread its 'Culture" among class with the other. The time when the bourgeoisie could
inferior nations. . This leadership has made it the aggressor go to war for liberty and progress is past. The guardianship
in the war. But this does not deny the guilt of the other
(Continued on Page 36)
ECONOMJ:C CAUSES
/
J
J
f•
�Page twenty-four
The
Western
Comrade
.D ead Leaves B y. P a u I EI d r i d g e
T
HE old woman lay outstretched in the unpolished coffi~.
1
[
~
She seemed straight now, and tall, although when alive
two days ago, she was tiny and bent, her head always
scanning the earth, disproving thus man's majesty, that he
alone of all animals looks directly into. God's million eyes,
the t tars. Her face showed unpleasantly the contour of
her sK"ull; indeed, it was al~eady a skeleton, but covered with .
thin yellow leather not to hurt the sight of th~ living, and
there was nothing about her toothless lips to indicate that
divine smile generally accorded to the dead.
The room was still very neat. The old woman had always
been a fine housekeeper. She would raise her bony, bent
body as soine thin dog · that stands on his hind legs, and
would clean every speck upon the walls and the humble
furniture. When she lay dying on her bed, her eyes, which
were sharp and far-sighted, noticed some unclean spot upon
the ceiling. She raised her hand feebly, and made a motion
as though cleaning the place; her old husband and an aged
neighbor who was there, whispered to each other that she
probably saw the Angel of Death coming down upon her, and
she tried to drive him ~ff. It w then that they knew in all
w her poor closed eyes rested
certainty that she was cly'ng.
forever from the annoyan
f ll"s muddy planet, and a few
flies felt at liberty to buzz undaunted about the room, even
at times touching their dead enemy's eyelids or sharp almost
needle-like nose.
Within an hour or two the undertaker was to come, and
remove the corpse. Meanwhile two old women, next door
neighbors, were sitting at the window, whispering to each
,
other.
"Yes, she was a good soul, and cleaner than any woman
I've ever known."
"I remember when I was sick last year, she kept her Jwn
house and mine, and never seemed tired out."
'
"She had a wonderful constitution. You know, I thought
many times 'this crippled little body will outlive another generation of strong people.' And J\ow, here she is dead." And
s.h e . sighed a loi1g sigh that fills the lungs to the apex, and
cheers one.
"I should not be surprised to see her get off, and begin
clean around.~'
.
The husband of the diseased sat in a dark corner of the
room, a yellow-faced man, bald to the neck, and shaking
incessantly his head, as if to say to ali things "No, no." His
eyes were widely open, but he saw nothing at all. Of all
the seventy-five years that he had lived, it seemed nothing
had remained. A mocking wind had blown away the debris
of memory immaculate, as mocking autumn winds whirl
around the dried, twisted leaves of withering trees, and
whistle them far off, leaving the ground spotless.
For ~ore than a half-century that littie body in the coffin
had been his faithful wife; for more than a half-century they
loved each other, first passionately, then, as the years passed
on, quietly as brother and sister. It was a fire that burst
forth in long tongues of flame, then gradually subsided, covered itself with a hillock of ashes, but never died out, and
always kept warm. They had a little son, who died many
years before; they had friends, who were all buried; they had
money which was lost; they had la1.1ghter, and tears and
hope~ and disillusions, but all these things, this kaleidoscope
of life, had been washed off the screen, and the screen
L.;::.
and th=
awJ~~ tho old man "' budill.d
up in the large chair, the straw of which was coming out
of its heav>' belly, and saw nothing, knew nothing of seventy-five years.
"I don't know ·why people want to live many years," whispen~d one of the old women to the other.
· ·
. "I suppose it's because· they've never known what it is to
be old. . Now~ what do you think her old man will do without her?"
"She was a wonderful wife- to him."
"He was never so easy to get along with-very irritable."
"I suppose he'll be taken care of by the charities.':
"The charities!" exclaimed the other, and laughed like
the nerve racking tearing of fuzzy cloth, showing two long
yellow teeth, one in either jaw, "don't you know what the
charities are?"
"I don't think he has any relatives. I never saw any come
up."
"No, it was rather a mysterious couple-never talked of
themselves."
"Who knows what their life has been?"
Then each woman's mipd painted on a swiftly turning canvass a life for the silent corpse and her silent husband. These
were in general unpleasant lives, suspicious, vulgar, obscei1e,
crowded with pain and disillusion, lives that old disappointed
women, like old disappointed gods, could create.
"You can never tell who people are."
"Yes, it's true-you can't."
"When is the undertaker supposed to come?"
"Should be"here by · this time."
"I am getting chilled. I should like to .go in and make me
a cup of warm coffee."
·
"I guess we better wait, anyhow. He seems all upset
today."
. Then there was si"lenc~ again. The old woman lay eternally still in her coffin, her old husband, weary, fell asleep
in the large chair, whose straw was dripping slowly, the flies
buzzed dreamily about the corpse, the old women were looking out of the window and thinking of their kitchens, of warm
clothes, of coffee, of dead old women, and poor old men.
The undertaker came, the· coffin was sealed, and carried
out. The ·· old women followed, shedding a few cold tears.
The door was closed with a bang. The old man deep in h!s .
chair was forgotten. He was not supposed to follow tile ·
hearse, anyway. He had heard no noise, and was sleeping
on. Then he awoke and looked about him~ It seemed to him
that something strange had taken place; he tried to recollect
for a few minutes, but the canvass of life was being washed
incessantly clean of all the pictures. He arose. walked to
the cupboard, took some cpffee, that his wife had made, for
she made coffee for -a wee!.c at a time, warmed it. and drank,
while his little head ba(d to the neck, shook and shook, saying
to all things, "No, no."
The wind, the master piper, whistled his eternal te deum
through the chimney.
The Why of War
The only way to save our emphes from the encroachment
.of the people is to engage in war, and thus substitute national passions for social aspirations.-Catherine. II of Russia.
If. my soldiers were to begin to think, not one of them
woul
remain in the ranks.-Frederick the Great of Prussia.
�Pag~ ~ent)'-li.ve
of Poems
YOU
ARE
MY
BROTHER
You thrust a poisoned dagger in my breastBut I could not hate you.
You bound me .with cruel thongs
And struck me ·in the faceBut in my eyes there was_only sorrow.
You pursued me like a bea~t
And caged me in dark placesBut I knew that the light would break for youSome day!
You builded me a cross and a scaffold,
You killed me many timesBut still I loved you.
YOU ARE MY BROTHER!
- RUTH LE PRADE
TWO
HEROES
Two mothers there were in two lands far apart,
And each had an only son shrined in her heart,
Two laddies, as merry as merry could be,
The angels laughed with them, .so pure was their glee.
One lad said his prayers with a guttural burr,
And one lisped the words with a soft Southern slur;
But each curly head at each fond mother's knee
Bowed to the one Father of all who may be.
They went, both sincerely, both cheered and approved
By teachers and preachers they revered and loved,
To batter down cities, to ma,Hn and to kill,
And each one was told he was do~ng God's will.
They stood face to face on the edge of a: dell,
That others, just like them, had turned to a hell,
And fury swept over thelll. both like a flood
As they- went down in one common welter of blood.
The
The
The
The
i
bloody mock swallowed them ere life was gone;
eyes that with heaven's own beauty had shone,
lips many dear ones had clingingly pressed,
locks mother hands had but lately caressed.
PRESS
ON!
There comes the voice of many women weepmg
Like times of old,
While reason is. dethroned artd justice sleeping,·
'Neath cross of gold;
And near our door the ~hadow's ever creeping
·
Of grief untold.
From out the depth · we hear new vo1ces calling,
To win the fight;
The mist back from the mountain top is fa:~ing,
Before the light,
And 'greed must loosen soon her chains enthralling,
. And hide by right.
From out the east the first faint light 1s stea!ing,
Have hope-push on!
A silver bell in rare clear tones is pealing,
Press on-hope on !
For labor shall no more in chains be kneeling,
Hope on-fight on!
- j. C. CONE
SOMEWHERE-AFTER
THE
WAR
They sat on .a bench in a village park,
Fighting old battles o'er.
One was fair, and one was da rk ;
And-there were . many more.
One held a crutch, and wore one shoe,
And one had a withered hand ;
Each bore traces of things he knew
But did not understand.
In the golden sunset of the west
One saw wide fields of grain ;
A low farm-house upon the crestHe blinked, and looked again.
And good men applauded that orgy of hate,
Praised each as a brave lad for killing his mate,
Grieved only each could not have killed without loss,
And dared ~o compare them t9 Christ on the Cross.
One looked where the eastern shadows nse,
And shifted his lonely shoeHe plumbed for deeps in the vaulted skies,
Because her eyes were blue.
Two mothers there were in two lands far apart,
A hero &on shrined in each desolate heart ;
With this consolation, that each hero son
Had murdered the other before he was done.
-ROBERT WHITAKER
Then each one rose and went. his way,
With a sigh for the unfulfilled;
For it was the close of a perfeCt dayAfter the guns were stilled.
- WARREN M'CULLOCH
'
'·
�Pa~
tweuty-six
-T he Song of ~he _ Han-gman
B y · L u k e ·N o r t h
am the hangman-
am the public Hangman-
Paid to strangle boys, men, women-
Focus of the world's crudty,
Whoever is caught in the snarled meshes
Cumu~us of its hate,
Of the Big Net _
Threaded _in the vengef~l penal code,
Sum total of its fear and ignorance.
My days and ways and dreams
Are of biO<J9.
Woven by detectives, judges, and lawyers
On the warp of Poverty.
For I am ne· who kills, killsFor a monthly wage
am the hangmanHired by the · Ladies and Gentlemen
Paid by the State.
To suffocate their brothers and ~isters
am the Han~man
Mercenary descendant
Because ten thousand years ago
Of old judge Lynch,
Of wealth, piety, position, and culture
\·
Whose ways were quic~. crude, mercifulAnd I, more often than he did,
Hang the wrong man.
Marauding herders imposed "the law"
On conquered peasants.
My ways are refi1;1ed.
I am
am the HangmanWho throttles the victims of the Net
Cold and
In an obscure corner of a
With critical eye for the long tortures
Gloomy room in the state pnson
Of those who wait in the Death Cell.
Where the moans and· curses
~echanical~the paid ghoul
am the State's Hangman-
Will be hushed
The conscience of every voter,
From the delicate ears
His malice and savagery.
Of wives and mothers.
I am bolder t_han he, for
I do what he dare not do.
But they hear and feel me!
Ill-fed mothers embrace me;
My ferocity is hisMy courage
Their unborn babes are mine
IS
my own.
Whe~ chance calls;
am the Hangman~
In the womb I stamp them.
The State's hired butcher of men.
Vain is your hiding of meAll the fearsome and weak are mme,
-Whose passions outrun their mentalities,
I am the avatar
From dungeons of the Jnquisition,
And ye are the mob that gloa'ted.
Whose spleens are more developed
Long live the lust of blood!
Than their brains!
'
When my trade is gone
Men will cease to kill each other.
For I am the lethal god-
I am the Hangman-
Whose face is hidden in
Clouds of passion.
I am
Who does the work the judge
The god of the abnormal.
1
Orders but
ha~
not the _"sand"
I obsess the weak of will.
To perform.
Into ·every open ear I whisper
I am the sign of the incapacity
"Murder! "
I
am
Of modern people to treat
The color red that turns to black-
The crime of murder intelligently.
And while I live
I am the ignorance and stupidity
No soul evades md
Of the Christian mob.
I
\
,_
•
�---,
The
Wester n
Comrad.e
• Page twealy-snea.
The Capta.in· .of His ·Soul:'
By Mary Allen
R
UTH ~ad just slipped four big loaves and a pan o~ light her arm. He opened his eyes. He did not offer t9 ~ov~.
rolls mto the oven when her father opened the kttchen and Ruth not knowing whether he could or would not, began
door.
.
.
. to tremble with nervousness and fear. Then he strajptened
"Ruth,''' he .said, "you'll have to look after the store for at once.
·
an hour or so: Mother just phoned that Sid's car broke
. "I'm all right now,". he said. "It was the smell of the
down, and he can't bring her home. She says the. Ladies' · bread. I've been walking since four thia morn~. The
Aid meets this afternoon and she has to be here to hel~ plan ·sun's 'Pretty -hot and I haven't eaten since yesterday monring•.
for the social. I guess I'll have to fetch her.'~
.
I'd have been all right if I hadn't smelled the bread. Ob-h."
"All right, Daddy," Ruth replied, "I'm all through in here
His voice died away as another fragrant whiff was borne
anyway, ·~xcept baking the bread. I can manage."
in through the open door. Here was an emergency that Ruth
It had been a busy morning for Ruth, her mother gone, could understand.
·
·
and baking day at that. But Ruth was always calmly equal
"Your'e hungry! Actually h~ngry! Wait a minute."
to any domestic emer.gency. And she was accustomed -to
She flew to the .kitchen and soon returned with a plate
helping her father in the store. The Woodington home was heaped with bread and butter, and a glass of milk.
merely an a.:ldition to the · l~rger store buildi-ng, the two being
"We nev~r turn anyone · away from our door hungry.
connected by a short arbor covered with ho_neysuckle and Wo~,tld you hke me to wrap the bread" in a piece of paper?"
morning glory.
·
He had reached impulsively for the bread, but at her words
Ruth turned the stove damper at the proper angle, ·re- he recoiled. He rose to his feet, _a trifle shakily.
moved her kitchen apron, fluffed her hair before the bedroom
"I am very sorry," he said in his peculiarly soft slurring
window, smiled at the delicate prett,iness she saw reflected voice, 'but I cannot do you this favor.''
there, frowned because she had been vain enough to smile;
"Do ME this favor?" cried Ruth, astonished. "What
favor?"
then hastily betook herself to her clerical duties.
Now and then; between measuring percales and ginghams
"Of taking your bread that you may enjoy your charity.''
and counting eggs for various customers, she scurried into
"Oh, I didn't mean it that way! Please take the bread.
the kitchen to take a peep at the bread. Finally she turned You're faint. I cannot bear to see anyone suffer." ·
it onto a clean towel and buttered the crisp brown top and
"I see. It's for the sake of your .too tendef heart. You .
sides. It sent out a delicious ffagrance that permeated the wish to shield yourself from the pai'n i~ you. No, I
cannot do you this favor either."
whole room.
Returning after this final excursion, she found a young
Ruth, the very essence of gentleness and sweetness, was · ·
man leaning against the counter.
not accustomed to rebukes. He turned at her silenee...-and.. , ..
.\t her approach he straightened and removed his cap. He in~~antly his stilted, offended dignity turned to boyish con\
was a stranger, perhaps a workman from the construction tntJon.
camp, she thought, where the old bridge was being r7built. .
"Oh, don't ~ok like that! I'm sorry. But a dog-andThen her glance rested upon a bundle of blankets at his feet. bone, cast-your-bread-upon-the-waters hand-out always makes
She stopped short. No one carried blankets but hoboes, and me furious. I'll starve before I'll eat them. But heavens!
hoboes in her neighborhood were considered unsafe to meet How I want that bread~"
alone. Not that any specific crime had been laid at their
He approached iteagerly. "I . have a pl(\n! Here! Eat a
door, but on the general principle that only bad men would piece with me!"
·wander about the country.
"Oh no! " Ruth drew back . .
"Why?~'
.
When Ruth was moved for any reason, her lips had a way
of .quivering, slightly. They did so now . . The young man
"I couldn't. A"7'""'"a stranger--"
noted it, a nd his friendly smile of greeting changed to one
"It can't be wrong for a man and woman to eat bread·
of more reserve.
and butter together. Surely not.".
"Good' morning," he said. "Can you · tell me if there is
Put that way it did not seem wrong. Ruth dimpled, broke
any work to be had in this neighborhood?" .
off a small piece, handing him the rest. He ate with an
Ruth reflected a moment. "There might be something at intense and sober satisfaction, then drank the milk. ·
the construction camp, and Mr. Staufche~ is looking for a
"It's a good omen, our eating bread together. I've changmilker at his dairy."
ed my mind. I'm goir.g to stay here. Where does Mr.Her fear vanished. She noted that although his shoes and what's his name-live?
clothes were dusty and travel-stained, his face was clean"Sta_ufchek? I'm so glad," she said earnestly, "that you shaven and his dark hair shorn and sleekly parted.
are gomg to settle down to steady work and make a man of
He shook his head. "I don't want a permanent job--just yourself."
some way to earn a few d9llars before I go on.''
"Oh! Make a man ~;~f myself! I thought I-. Yes. I've
She stiffened at this speech-so like a hobo. "Very well," resolved to make a man of myself, milking cows for Mr.
she began, "if you--"
Staufchck. I must hurry or Mr. Staufchek might begin makShe got no ·further. Suddenly the man shut ~is eyes.
ing a man of some one .else before I get there. M\lny
"Oh!" he exclaimed. · And again-"Oh-h-h! " faintly. thanks, dear lady, for your kindness in receiving a stranger
Then to Ruth's horror he sat down on a keg, and dropping as your guest."
his head on the counter: quietly fainted.
The little hostess looked after · her self-styled guest with
While Ruth might be calmly equal to any domestic emer- some misgivings. Had she been too familiar with this s.trange
gency, in other decisive moments she was like a young bird young man-a hqbo at that? .
dropped from the nest. When she found herself she had
"I wish he wasn't a hobo! But at least I had some sOQd
lifted the stranger's head and it was resting in the curve of influence with hint."
�n
- ·
Page twenty-eight
1 - 1':>
The
II
Comrade .
"Methodist!" he gazed at her with a look, half laughter, ·
half dismay. "A dear sweet, prim little Methodist!" Then
observing her quick . displeasure-"! was speaking of the
church-the-uh-architecture. I'll be there Sunday even- ·
ing. Goodbye-" he halted questioningly.
"Ruth Masters," she supplied:
"Goodbye, R--Miss Masters, till Sunday."
He opened his campaign the first ~ime he found her alone
in the store. He had just bought a quantity of cigarette
papers and tobacco.
"I've learned to milk," he volunteered hopefully, as she
wrapped them
No reply.
#f.
#f.
~
#f.
#f.
"I'd be real happy if it wasn't for Sister."
"Sister?" she asked involuntarily. She bit her tongue
.
III
He was there the following Sunday. Arms folded, quietly
to punish it.
·
.
.
"Yes. Sister always tries to put her foot in the pail."
attentive, he sat through the long service, and at its end
"Oh!"
.
· Ruth rewarded him with a smile. The next Sunday found
"I named her Sister before I milked. She has such a him in the same place, and the next. In the little town of
mild face. But she'll like me bette; when she comes to kn~w Tillburt, the church was the social center, the open road to
the good graces of the village housewives, and in a short
me."
"Fifty cents, please," was Ruth's "reply to that.
time he was received at socials and other church festivities,
He reached in his pocket and accidentally drew out the and, what he so dearly desired-into Ruth's home.
exact change. Hastily he thrust it back and proffered her a
After a time he strolled home with her every Sunday evendollar.
·
ing al)d it grew to be the custom Jor the two to pass other
"People usually like me better when they come to know evenin-gs together on the Masters' front porch, or sitting on
me." His soft voice turned the words into a plaintive ques- the bench beneath the honeysuckle in the arbbr, or with Ruth
playing the piano in the parlor, while he watched and listention.
"They would like you better," Ruth replied, "If you would ed fi-om the depths of a big arm chair . . He made no secret ·
of his infatuation. Naturally audacious and warmly imbe better."
"Better? Do you mean the hoboing? I don't have to do pulsive, it was a hard game he was playing. · But Ruth could
that. I was on a sightseeing trip. I have a trade. See." be wooed in her own way only. It was hard, but he set himHe drew from his pocket a red card which stated that he was self to the task. He had established a regular proposing
a paid-up member of a New York branch of the Stone Cut- time-nine-thirty o'clock every Sunday evening. She as regularly declined, but each time it was a less positive denial.
ters' Union .
·
"That makes it all the worse," said Ruth. "And it doesn't
"Wait just a little while longer," she would say, and fiexplain this ." She pointed to the package. "It's unhealthy." nally one night-"lt isn't that I don't want to, but...after all, you're almost
"Do I look unhealthy?"
"No, but you will in time. And besides it's bad to smoke a stranger to me."
"You aren't a stranger to me. I know every little nerve
-it's immoral."
Th!!n with deep and wily intuition, he fired his big gun-a and fibre of you. You've known me as long as I have you .
Why am I a stranger? I've told you all about myself."
deep and painful sigh.
"What differenct:- does it make? Nobody cares for me."
"That's what has made you seem a stranger. You're so
He gloomed at the counter, then fired again. "What a man different from me. It makes me afraid to-to--"
needs is a good woman's influence. I think I'll take to the
"To love me? Why are you so shy of that word? Why
am I different? Because my parents w-ere Italian and yours
road again."
"No, you mustn't go back to that wicked life."
American? Because my hair's black· and your's is yellow?
"Yes, it's a terrible life-awful! Such temptation for a Because my eyes are black and your's are blue?
young man! But who cares? Thank you for your kindness
"No, but your ways are different-you're calling me a Puto me. Goodbye--" His soft voice broke pathetically ritan and laughing at our minister and church customs--"
·on the words.
"If that's all, I'll never do it again. I was only in fun.
Ruth melted. Was it not her plain Christian duty to heip I'll never do it if it hurts you."
this strugglin_g soul to a better life? Her very mother would
"And the way you dress. I suppose even while we were
say so. She held out her hand.
being m-married you'd wear those soft collars and cor".
"You mustn't go. I'm your friend. I'm sure there is a duroys."
great deal of good in you."
"How would you like me to dress?"
"Do you really think so?" Ht held her hand fervently.
"Of course it's all right ·while you're working, but when
"And will you help me and encourage me?"
you go to other places, especially when you go to see a girl,
"Yes." In his eagerness he seemed to have forgotten to I should think you would--" She lost courage here.
return her hand. She tried to withdraw it.
But his feelings were not injured. He actually laughed . .
"Perhaps with your help I'll be a man yet. May 1--"
"Wear those stiff collars and a Hart Schaffner and Marx.· I
"You're holding my hand."
understand."
"Oh; was I? Forgive me. May I come to see you?"
"Why don't you?"
She pondered over it. "Not yet. First you must show
''I'm a working man, a laborer. Why should I turn myself
that you really want to be better. And besides, Mother into a cheap imitation of another class? I'm too proud of
wouldn't like it. The first thing you must do is to go to my own. But it's a small matter. · I'll do it for you."
chnrch."
In the pricle of her victory she was about to ask for an"Church Me! "
other and vital concession, his tobacco, when he added care"Mother will never trust you unless you do." Then, lessly:
ashamed of this too temporal reason-"And, besides, it will
"I used to wear them, but another girl made fun of them.
do you good. It isn't much to ask, is it?"
. I saw she was right.'
"I' guess not-for you."
"And I am wrong," Ruth said stiffly. All thought of corShe pointed to a steeple seen through the open door. recting his shortcomings vanished. She wanted to know
''That's the church I go to-the Methodist."
more about the other girl.
up.
I
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Western
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�The
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Page twenty-nine·
"I think so, dear. But it's a small matter. I like to d~ put life into dead men like you i' And she said, 'Oh, you
things for you."
· working men! How can you be so sodden when the whole·
"And for her?"
world is yours for the takjng !'
"Yes. Anything I could."
"Then I begun to tell her about the har.::l time I'd had all
..CVou must care for her a great deal."
my life and she interrupted me, said she didn't want to hear
"I fove her."
anything about it, that she couldn't endure a man that was
"just now you said you--cared for me."
conquered before he'd fairly started out-1 was only twenty
"No I didn't, I' said I loved you. Good heavens, can't a then, that was three ·years ago--and she wound up 'by calling
man love two women? She's the best friend I have in the me a coward, and then said, 'Listen!' And I listened while
world. And you're my sweetheart. Don't you see?"
sh.e said that poem. Then I begun t~ see myself as she saw
Ruth did not see.
me. I WAS a coward. And when I got better I went' to hear
"She taught me something that changed my whole life, or her ta'lk, and she ga;·e me books to read and had me study
that made me change my life."
·
grammar and English and got me interested in the stars and
"What?"
evolution and biology and Walt Whitman and Karl Marx and
"That I am master' of my fate."
Socialist and Labor movement and -op well, she . opened a
"No, that isn't true."
wonderful new world to me.''
"Is she-pretty?"
"Not true?" He sighed ruefully. "No. I guess it isn't.
guess you're the master of my fate now, the captain of my
"Not to others, perhaps. She's beautiful to me. She is
soul. Take good care of it, Captain."
coming to Cal ifornia soon. Then I want you· to see her and '
know her and like each other."
"You know I don't mean that."
"Never!" cried Ruth vehemently. "Dear- " she leaned
"I see. You meant your God. This is what Netta taug.ht
toward him with her prettiest carressing gesture .
me:
His heart went out to meet the endearment. "Darling!"
'Out of the night that covers me,
"Socialists are bad people. Couldn't you give up all for
Black as the pit from Pole to Pole,
me if I would promise--"
I thank whatever Gods may be
"There are some things a man mustn't be asked to do,
For my unconquerable soul.
Ruth. Don't ask it. It's living in this town that has given
you such a warped idea. Sometime you 'II feel different about
'In the fell clutch of circumstance
it."
I have not winced nor cried aloud,
"But if ~ say y-yes, at least you will--"
Beneath the bludgeonings of chance
"Oh Ruth! Not now! Give yourself to me! Don't
My head is bloody, but unbowed.
make me buy you. Say yes just because you want to say it!"
"Y-yes."
'It matters not how straight the gate,
How charged with punishments the scroll,
I am the master of my fate,
IV
I am the captain of my soul.'
Ruth had learned the power of a tremulous lip and a
"That poem has helped me over many a rough piece of coaxing smile. Now she learned of a deeper power.
road. My head's been bloody a good many times since then,
"You Anglo-Saxons are so cold,". he grumbled one evenbut it's never been bowed, nor never will be."
ing, "so afraid of love and kisses. There you go! Tucking
Ruth had scarcely heard the poem.
down your head so all I ever get is a dab on top of your head
"Her name is Netta?"
or the side of your ear! You've never kissed me yet."
"Yet. She is a nurse in a hospital when she isn't soap''I'd rather not, till we're married," she whispered, all shyboxing."
ness as always. Then she sensed an opportunity. "Perhaps
"Soap-boxing! Where did you meet her?"
I might, if you would do something for me," she said in her •
"I was cutting letters on the front of a new office building gentle coaxing voice.
and I fell off the scaffold and hurt my knee. They took me
"What an old-fashion,ed little girl you are!"
to the hospital and Netta was my nurse.''
"Old-fashioned?"
"Oh!" was the reply Ruth made.
"Yes, it's going out of fashion for a woman to put a price ·
"She asked me how I came to fall and I told her it just my ori her charms, making a man pay for every privilege because
luck. I'd always been unlucky. 'Luck!' she said, 'Luck! he must have what only she can give. Well, Captain," with
A big husky like you talking about his luck!' "
a sigh, "what do you want now?"
"Oh!" this time ' rith the coldest disapproval.
"You know I never ask for anything for myself. It's for
"Then she wormetl out of me what I hadn't realized my- your go<><t.----l)on't you know there's something you do that
self. I'd been out the night before, four of us fellows to- is bad for you?"
gether, and we'd drunk four dozen bottles of beer."
"Yes, Ruth, you've told me often enough."
"Oh!" this time in a tone .of horror.
"But still you smoke, in spite of what I say."
"I got in at four in the morning and went to work at seven.
"I roll about twenty-five a day, but it's seldom
smoke
So she showed me that if it was my luck that made me fall that many."
off the scaffold, I'd made the luck. Then~.she asked me what
"It's a bad habit.''
I spent an evening like that for and I told her that if she'd
"I suppose so."
chopped stone year in and year out from seven in the morn"Won't you stop?" She leaned closer. Her arms m their
ing till five at night, she'd get soused too. It's darn mon- short sleeves crept round his neck. She brushed their delotonous. She said, 'I wouldn't. .I work twelve hours a day icate inner surface softly against his cheek. She-had learned
and longer and when I get a few hours to- myself, I do some- the power of that little movement one time by chance, when
thing there's real joy in.' I asked her what, and she said, she wonderingly had seen it leave him faint of voice, strange'Reading and scheming and planning how to make that twelve ly shaken and easy of persuasion.
hours shorter for every one that has to work, and trying to
"If you will promise me this and close your eyes tight, I
.,
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�Page . tiUrty
The
Western
Comrade
might--" The curve of her arm brushed his cheek softly.
'1 promise--" he whispered huskily.
"There!" She sprang away. "Remember! You've promised! No more cigarettes ! "
\
I
loved. ''I'm cold."
He drew her close at that.
"Would you mind getting my shawl? It's m the hammock on the porcll."
>f.
>[.
'f.
'f.
'f.
Obedi'ently he brought the shawl.
v
"Thank you. You're such a good boy. What shall I -do
So Ruth learned the power of soft arms and moist lips. -!o pay you?"
-But I will never use my power except for his good," she
"Go to Los Angeles with me," he said eagerly.
would soberly tell herself. "Always for his good." ·.
Her arms en.twined his neck, their delicate inner surface
He had begun to have queer moods of late-"the jumps" brushing his cheeks.
he called them or sometimes "the blues." · Often of evenings
"Ask something ·else first, something--" her voice was
after he had left Ruth he would walk for miles out into the almos.t inaudible- "I can.,...-do-right-now."
open country; at other times sit silent and listless, staring out
"Do you mean that?" She could feel his body grow tense.
across the bare brown beet fields that separafed Tillburt from
"I will" speaking breathlessly, "be your fairy godmother
tonight-and you'll make one request-and it will be yours."
·
the rest of the world.
"Ruth," he burst out suddenly 'one evening, "I can't live
"Anything?"
like this! Come away somewhere with me, won't you? To
"Yes!" she gasped.
San Francisco or even to Los Angeles, anywhere where there's
"There are so many precious things I might ask," he said,
some life and action ! "
·
speaking slowly and carefully, "that I, must think before I
Ruth shook her head. Sometime perhaps, but not yet. decide." .
·
·"Besides I couldn't possibly be ready before Christmas. And
He was very still for a few minutes. "Godmother," he said
at Christmas when we're married, you know Father is to finally, "There's a girl that I love. If she would let me, for
take you in the store."
just a .little while, put my hand on her heart and feel it beat
'Til loathe store-keeping. I want to work at my trade. -I'd ask that. Will she?"
I want to be with other working men and women. Oh, I have
She was motionless, as speechless as stone.
such wonderful plans, Ruth! I want to talk them over with
"There my darling. Is it so terrible to look love in the
others, in a certain room I know, all full of clouds of tobacco face? Such a warm, tender little heart! It could not bear
smoke! I want the city, the faces on the street, the night to see me hungry. How fast it beats! What a strange, lovelights and the God-blessed city' noise! If those frogs in the ly piece of work a girl is!"
marsh don't stop their croaking, I'll go mad!"
Still no answer.
"Poor boy!" Ruth gently soothed him. "I suppose it's
"I appreciate it, dear, your giVIng me this little taste of
doing without cigarettes that makes you so irritable. Please heaven. And I wont abuse your kindness. You're like a deltry to be patient, and you'll come out all right. I'll help you." icate flower to me, I wouldn't bruise the least little petal."
"You' re an angel-no less-to put up with my bad
She lifted her drooped head.
humors. Oh, Ruth! If you won't go away with me, marry
"If you really mean what you say, you will do what I ask."
me right now! I'm growing deadly sick living on crumbs!''
"Oh Ruth! How can you-now!,·
But Ruth could not. She was not quite ready. She sooth"Don't ~o to Los Angeles! Give it up for me! Give it
ed him and coaxed him into a mood by fluffing his hair with up!,
her small fingers till it stood up in a waving pompadour. She
"Hush, dear? Don't you see you're trying to steal my
had persuaded him to let it grow long because, she said, it manhood?"
made him look so dark and distinguished. Gradually the
"Hold me dose-closer-and promise to give it up-Netta
lines in his face relaxed.
and all the rest."
"Perhaps," she said softly, as her fingers busied themselves,~
"No-you torture me.'
"I will go to the city some day--"
"Will you say no when I kiss you-like this-and this-"
''Oh Ruth, if you only would! "
"Oh, my little love!"
"When you have done the one thing I so. much want."
"Promise, if you love me!"
"We've gone into that so many times. Won't you please
"Don't do that Ruth! I can't endure it!"
drop it?" He stirred restlessly, his ·face growing taut again.
"Promise dear, and I will reward you."
Ruth sighed. In some such way he had always answered
"Yes- yes, I promise- now reward- me- - My God! .·
her when · she pleaded for "this one thing"-the surrender of What am I saying? I won't promise! Take them awayhis socialistic aims, his avowed revolutionary purposes, his your lips!"
. •
friendship with Netta. Soft, coaxing arms and moist lips had
He thrust out his arms in his agony and pushed her from
so far failed to move him. But as Ruth, when discouraged, him. All unexpected, it came. She tried to catch herself,
sometimes told herself, "constant dripping would wear away slipped, and fell to the ground, her head striking the corner
stone," and her lover was not stone. Besides during her en- of the bench.
?
gage01ent she had grown wise as to the strange way of men,
"Ruth! I've hurt you! .f was rough! Did it cut your
and she felt that she had keen, untried weapons with which cheek? Let me see."
to wear him down, could she bring herself to use them. That
She arose slowry and backed away from him.
was the trouble-she could not bring herself to use them.
"Don't touch me! " she whispered, wtpmg a little spot of
One evening he rushed eagerly into the little arbor where oozing blood from her cheek.
Ruth was waiting for him.
"You're hurt! I've hurt you!"
"Ruth, what do you think? Netta is to come to Los Ang"Don't come near me, you- brute!"
eles on a speaking tour! I've just had a letter. Now you
He stood silent and transfiied.
can know each other. You'll go with me to hear her, won't
"My instinct always told me y~u were bad, but I wouldn't
you?"
listen. Now I know."
Ruth began to tremble. The crisis had come.
"Ruth, you can't mean it! You can't! Why, we've just
"Sit down and we'll talk about it," she parried. She sat been to the door of heaven together!"
down close to him with the litt~ nestling motion she knew he.
(Continued on Page 38)
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Page thirty-one
Poverty and The .Single Tax
I
By Sam u e I Danziger, Associate Editor "The Public·."
N August of 1913 a Boston artist, Mr. joseph Knowles,
undertook a singular experiment. Naked and emptyhanded, he entered the wilderness of northern Maine,
stayed there two months without getting in touch with a
single human being, and then emerged in sound health, fully
clothed in skins of animals and carrying a supply of the rude
tools and weapons he · had made and used. He had demonstrated the possibility of a madern civilized man earning his .
living among primitive conditions. Whatever his financial ·
condition in civilized society may have been, the condition in
which he entered the woods was one of absolute destitution.
He had not as much material wealth available as the poorest
tramp or pauper. But he had what is denied · to workers in
civilization, an opportunity to apply his labor to natural resources without payment of an exorbitant price for the privilege.
Let us suppose now, that Mr. Knowles had tried something
more; that instead of going naked and alone into the wilderness he had gone accompanied by a group of workers, fully
clothed, and carrying supplies a nd machinety needed to develop whatever possibilities that particular wilderness· may
hold. What would have been the result? Although the region is a wilderness, in practically the same condition as
when Columbus made his first voyage, it is private property.
The owners who had no objection to Mr. Knowles' lonely
experiment would have been less hospitable to this one. The
party would have been served with notice to leave under
penalty of prosecution for trespass. If they had tried to
compromise by offering to buy or rent they would have
received demands, compliance with which would have deprived them of all the benefits of their enterprise. Private
ownership of land makes civilized workers poorer than an
absolutely naked man alone on land he is free to use.
Let us suppose again. What if for some reason or other
the owners had to consider it inadvisable to interfere? The
work of developing the wilderness could then have proceeded..
The settlers would have had an independent living of some
kind. Workers in the factories of Maine and other parts
of New England would have looked on with interest. Some
would have become restless enough to leave their work and
cast in their lot with the pioneers. Others would not have
gone so far; but the knowledge of the existence of the op. portunity would have made them more independent. Dread
of loss of jobs would have diminished or disappeared and
the condition of workers generally would have improved.
Moreover, men with idle capital would have noted the chance
to employ it productively and profitably. There would have
been a further increase of demand for workers with further
improvement of economic conditions. In this way abolition
of land monopoly throughout the United States could make
the emancipation of American labor a fact.
'faxation of labor products tends to discourage and restrict
produ~tion . Taxation of dogs restricts the number of dogs
in a community. Taxation of saloons keeps down the number of ~aloons. Must not taxation of houses, facmries and
other things that we want have a similar restrictive effect?
But taxation of land values works otherwise. The amount
of land is fixed. There can never be more or less than there
is now. Taxation of it makes it harder to hold unused: It
tends to drive the owner either to use it himself or to let
others do so. Unlike taxes on labor products, taxation of
land values stimulatP.s production of wealth and increases
demand fbr labor. '
When unemploym ·nt and poverty abound in a country
where natural resources are potentially productive enough to
supply the wants of the world, it is evident that an obstacle
stands between labor and the earth. Wken people suffer
for food in such a country ·there must be food-producing
jobs somewhere waitirig for workers; If there are workers
looking for such jobs there must be an artificial obstruction
awaiting removal. When people are forced into tenements
in · cities where are enough vacant lots to furnish sites for ·
comfortable homes for ·all there must be house-producing jobs·
awaiting workers, and jobs for production of all the things
that enter into the building of houses. When there is a
single human want of any kind unsupplied there is a job
calling for a laborer. !But to produce all these things and
to produce tools and materials needed in further production, access to land is the first requirement. The .man who
owns the land is in control of the source of supply, and existing laws. make it frequently more to his interest to keep
workers out of jobs than to let them work.
The late joseph Fels used to illustrate this phase with an
account of a personal matter. Said he:
"I own an -eleven acre tract in West Philadelphia. I paid
$30,000 for it some years ago. I recently refused an offer of
$ 120,000. I believe that it is worth more than that now,
and will still further increase in value. Now why did the
party whose $ 120,000 offer I refused want to give me that
money? Because he was so anxious to employ builders to
put up houses that he preferred that privilege to having that
sum in bank. Why d1d I refuse it? Because I am sure that
iji a short time some one will be even more anxious to use
the land and offer me more. Then perhaps I will graciously ·
step aside and let work begin. While I am engaged in obstructing industry in this way, thousands of other landowners
in Philadelphia and ·elsewhere are doing the same thing.
While we are doing this, men who might be employed in
improving our land are walking the streets ·looking in vain
for employment. Why won't I and other vacant landowners
improve our land ourselves? Because the state will punish
us if we do. If I should hire a lot of men to build on my
land the assessor would swoop down on me and raise my
taxes. The more men I would employ, the better the building I would put on the land, the higher the taxes would go.
So I prefer to wait until some one else wants the land badly
enough to pay my price and pay the assessor too. The
other landowners feel the same way."
One of the tragedies of the present day ·is the fact that
while some beneficiaries of the prevailing economic system,
such as joseph Fels or Tom L. johnson, devoted money and
effort to put an end to the source of their unearned wealth,
they received so little co-operation and assistance from t:1e
great mass of their fellow citizens in whose interest they
worked. However, it is encouraging to note that there is a
steady growth of the demand to free the earth from the
grasp of private monopoly. One indication is that in 1916
there were cast in California 260,000 votes for such a proposition and at the same time 43~000 Oregon voters made the
same demand. It is more than· probable that a similar showing could be made in other states were the opportunity given.
Considering that in the year 1890, throughout the United
States a single tax petition to Congress received no more than
100,000 signatures, the vote cast in a single state a year
ago marks such progress in public ~entiment ·as to make
and the economic freecertain that the abolition of
dom will be witnessed by many
today who
�By 0; Bobspa
"Upton Sinclair's": For a qean Peace and The lnternation
these agents to become active. Therefore I look to that '
derful in•
strument, the human body, for the true solution of th dilli ul , n
instrumeot so inimitably adaptable, so full of marvelous potentialiti s' of
There it room and a hearty welcome in the radical field for "Upto~
resistance and recuperation, that it is ~tble. when properl used, to
rSinclair's", a 'monthly magazine "for a d ean peace and the intemation.''
If it far better than the prospective notices sent out. ~t week I said come all the forces of disease which may be arr ed &gainst it."
It is held that man has not sufficiently adapted himself to modorn
I would be !!lad to •cc the magazine. I am. and so wal you be. It
conditions of civilized life; that he wastes too much enef\l)' in re n a
doct not deal "ith $:ho•t• in ito attack upon the institutionalized reto
unconscious, instinctive actions; that he must learn
ns iout ly lo
lil!iout fctishct ;· and it• treatritent of economics is forward-looking and .
react to his environment. Hence, it is nrgued, a process of re-educa ti n
contwllcti>e. Wl1cthcr yo u and I agree with all of the points in either
is essential. Professor Dewey, one of our best recogl)iJ.ed edu Mion l
dcpa rtm nt i• of •mall momen t. Many of the Socialists who left the
experts, says of these ideas: "No one, it seem~ to me, ho.s gr sped the
p11rty hccau5e of it o war sta nd b'ecame petty defam~rs of the o'rganizameaning, dangers. and possibilities of this change (from s, vagary to lv·
tion and evc ry th in ~ 11 has s tood for. No such charges can be made
a14ai not Upton Sind.m , 'I his week he is bending every energy in trying· ilization) more lucidly and completely than Mr. ,Alex ndcr. Hit a •
count of the crises which have ensued upon this evolut ion is
contrib·
lo tec urc iu• ticc fvr one of the pacifists in the Los Angeles jail. His
ution to a better understanding of e:very , phase of cont mp!nary HF ,
fo(l cloty lo tlw \\ Orkin .c lass principles cannot be challenged, no matter
Mr. Alexander exposes the fundamental error in the empirical and p I·
how rnuch individua ls may disag ree with his views on tactics.
liative methods. The ingeniously inclined will have little difficulty in
Head on the f~r • l numl.,c r of "lipton Sindair'i' his re-printi ng of
parelleling Mr. Alexander's criticism of 'psychical culture m thods' with•
" Wnr ; 1\ Manifesto A~a in s l It," internationally circulated a decade ago.
in any field of our economic and political life. In his criticism of return
It th ,,., the bread th of vi ; ion and inlcrprelalive unders tanding of Comor relapse to the simpler fprms from which civilized man haa d part
rade Sinclair. W must all ge t toge ther and discuss the plans of imMr. Alexander's philosophy · appears in its essentinl feat urea. The pitfalla
media te and ult imate •ettlemenl of the war. Sinclair's plan of the lnterinto which references to t.he unconscious and subconscious usu lly fall
M tion may not be the way out of the difficulty. Give it a hearing.
have no existence in Mr. Alexander's treatment. He gives thcac tcrma
Sinclnir approaches the church -.• estion from the right angle which
a definite and real meaning."
di ~ 11nns pr ·judice ·rc11 ted by th e ordinary rationalist attacks.
Sinclair
Such interesting features as "Race Culture and the Training of Chil·
i• not nit a kin ~ he religious spirit of mankind, but its exploitation by the
dren," prevention of physical disorders, the maintenance of . adcquftl
pries tl y pnrasil cs thro ugh the organized church. The onening chapter
of his book "The Profo ts of Hcligion," appears in his new magazine and activity of the vital processes which command hcnlth, indic tc aom •
thing of the scope of the volume. A special section of ·the book it
~ ub s cq u c nt hnp tcr' will nppen r regularly.
devoted to the theory and practice of "A New Method of Reapiratory
The cr a too· of those fourt een novel s-"The Jungle," "King Coal," etc.
Re-education" based on twenty years of experience, and eapecialty thlr•
with the
~ r r prolific contri butions of Sinclair is' worthv of a wide
teen years in London. I cannot pass upon the merita of the thcorict ad•
h nring.
'is 11 th inker. n loyal comrade, and a literary master.
va 0 ced by Mr. Alexander, but they have the distinction of coming from
( pion in tair's, 15 13 Sun set avenue, Pasadena, Cal.)
empirical knowledge. (E. P. Dutton & Co., New York) .
a.
Hauptma nn's Dramatic Works
Magazines for Thinkers
public11 tion during the past few years of the standard American
edi tion o th • dramatic works of Gerhart Hauptmann has been one of
th im1 o rtnnt ont ributions of B. W. Huebsch. The seventh volume,
uniforni with it s p•·cdeccssors. contains plays over a wide range of
Hnuptm~ nn'
renti c a tivity. It contains his ".Commemoration Masque,"
(F sispiel in dcut chen Rcimen). transla ted ' by Bayard Ouincy Morgan_;
"11\ C Bo1
f Od sscus" and "Eiga," -translated by Professor Ludwog
L wis hn of hio tate niversity. editor of the American edition; and
II o frallment. , "Helio. " and' "Pastuoal," (Das Hirtenlied), translated by
t~ editor.
"Th
mmonwcnlth 'lasque" is the work which ' celebrated the ceothe '\' nr. of Liberation, I 13-15. It proved so · offensive to
rown · Prin e nt its prenliere in Breslau that its withdrawal was
The seven volumes now appearinsz in the Huebsch edition
mpl~t
Hnuptm:mn 's dramatic works. so far as written.
lmm>
nt. ins two of his later productions and others belong to his
N~rlicr a~r.
f "The Bo, of Od sseus," - Dr. Lewisohn says: ''In
llnuplmnnn's hnnds the nncient storJI loses its tinge of sunset romance. its
QOltkn and "'' rbl tntuesq
ess; it bKo....,. wilder, more primitive, more
hunlM ; th<o to."\c lrembl into life. Odysseus is not the symbolic facer
Md ~~Itt of T~nn -on. but the wily. much-experimcd man of the
Moo rie world."
Th wide ttml in "-hich Hnuplmalm is held in this eonutry ,.-j)) be
~~~ b the new ~...Jwne of translalio..s. (B.
- Huebsch. New Yorl).
At la~t. it seems, the powers have succeeded in "getting" the " In ter·
national Socialist Review." The government has ordered the comradr t
not !o se_nd out any_ magazines by mail or expreu. 1nis will comp I
an educational campaogn by pamphlet. and book. Mary E. Marcy writet
me that the Charles H. Kerr Co. will very soon iu ue a "Labor Scrap
Book.'' It will sell in bundles at &. It ia to be a real booklet, on
full of pep and power. A new book on -the Marxian law of value in
relation to the crumbling monetary systems of the world will be printed
in part in "The Labor Scrap Book.'' Comrade Marcv't lellcrt of late
are bubbling over with enthusiasm. .She it right. Thit it no h"ur for
anything but optimism. We have gone through hell and will see more
of darkness-hut it will be comparatively brief-nd then cometh the
sunrise of Humanism. Rejoice. oh comrades l Order big bundlct of
"The Labor Scrap Book" at once (Chas. H. Kerr Co., Chicago),
Th
For a Better Race
1.-»-.
f.- twu.ty J'NIS. ~ F. ~ ~. of
,_ eobcatloDal theories m
's ~
~ Gooidu.c::e ad c....trol ... Rdalion ...
wid. .... •~ ...
.Ac.aicoa aMioa
O....'q'- Ow-. ~·s ........., id.5IIS ,_,. pMI r....
~: ""Bo.cko~ ~ .. few of
~
l.M.it~:
a...-......._-
-~
ttL.:~
'1-
:{.
~
Of course you are keeping in touch with Peartonf Ma11avnc. Mine
for March juot came to hand today and I haveo't had time to rud it,
but it looks interesting. lt's never any other way. lntti'U4:1ive, loo,
Padriac Colum contributes a story of the Sinn Fein movm~C~Jt.
~
:{.
:{.
~
preacb.m would dare lo rad from
their prostituted pulpilf the last "Social Service Buf1etio"' itfWCI by
ational ~1dhocist Fakratiou for Social Service"> Dr. Many F. Ward,
tbe secrelaJY. bas male a complde and impartial study of die L 'fl. 'fl.
I wonder how many
He prrsmlf a valuable 5VmDiaiY ~f tbe remu ,
Public."' L
• IWrme c-.mitt«, ..,.,_..._. Socialist R.mew."' etc.. as aulborilie$ for his s""-1. 1JJi. i. a fait
pres;<Dlalion of tbe L . W. Rlaatioo and a r~ to the ._lf'IIIJI"...
situaJion.
quoting lbe
ara~a~ ~.ogy ~ This bodldia thoald be widd.r ma:laled. ..U
it gifts a w..&:ztioa of . - boys -.,. lben•"'
a SCIIII'ce c:llltMfe ._
IaLor
..Lid. is aL:.:...d ......., ~ fo lbe ~ ..J _,..
Cll!!llic jmotia: at the
of
~ .,:--.., ~ .,_, Ut-e
~Ja- abeL W. W• ....,.,... of ... '*-· ·· Ql V. .
n--
a..-
Bosaa:o.
)
- - -"'
~-
..
�The
. Page thirty-three
Comrade
Western
Co~operation
the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-operatives Gleaned from Many Sources
Recognition of .the Value of Co-operativn
The British government has appointed the Scottish Co-operative Wh_olesale Society as its sole buyer of bacon, ham and l.a rd on the Amencan
continent.
be · fought, not boosted by it. It will be as much an institution of, by,
· and for Jhe workers . as any labor union.
,British Co-operators Enter Politics
·
This splendid ' recognition of the greatest co.-operative m~rcantile esThe platform of the four million British CO-Operators who have just
tablishment in the world'-an organization which has been m ex1stence
decided to enter politics includes: Safeguarding of the int~rest.,..of volfor 70 years and has for the past .44 years maintained a branch office_ untary co-operation; eventual direction by the stale of processes of proin New York which has done the buying for its numerous reta1l estabhsh- . duction, distribution and exchange; elimination by legislative aclion of
profiteers and other speculators; compulsory housing reform; an eduments across the water--deserves special mention.
·
We of America are apt to look upon co-operative organizations as
cational system affording equal opportunity for higher. education for all;
something new-in the nature of an experiment- but the !remendous · effective parliamentary control of foreign policy; abolition of food taxes;
scientific development of agriculture; establisqmenl of a stale bank and '
transactions which are carried on by co-operahve socJehes m the old
a national credit bank; and gradual demobilization corresponding with the
world have proved the value of the system and illustrates the possibilities
needs of employment. For the first time, Wf! believe, in the history of
in well conduc ted · co-operative or:-ganizations.
the world, a co-operator is running for election on a straighf co-operative
Government; in the old countries have evidently recognized the value
ticket. H. J . May, secretary of the International Co-operative Alliance,
of these societies and the appointment of the Scottish Society as Briatain's
and of the .Joint Parliamentary Committee of the Co-operative Congress,
buying agency for the commodities mentioned is a striking illuslr~ti~n
of England, is contesting the seat of Prestwich with coalition candidate,
of the difference between the system of domg busmess m Great Bntam
Lieutenant Cawley, for member of Parliament.
and our own recently established food administration-which has drawn
its active workers almost ex~sively f.~om ~he class of :xploaters ::vho have
grown ·rich by fleecing the people.- The Co-operators Herald.
A Formidable Empire
By HARRY LAIDLER
Nothing, perhaps, indicates more vividly ..not only the wonderful growth
and efficiency of this "industrial repubhc of workmg cl~ss consumers,
but also its power for usefulness to the workers m their struggle for
higher wages, than does the pari played by the co-opera hve movement
in the strike of the lri•h dockers of Dublm m 1913.
The unskilled workers of that city, 30,000 of them, had entered upon
a long-drawn-out struggle for betrer conditions. Th.ey .were holdmg out
bravely. but were sorely in need of foo?: At the mshgahon of Larkm,
the Parliamentary Committee of the Bnhsh Trades Umon Congress ·~
vestioated conditions and decided to give $25,000 toward food for th~"
Irish \rethren. They tried to obtain a loan fo r that amount on a promiSsory note from respected English bankers, but were pro~ptly refused a1d.
"Will you supply 30.000 starving Irish workers w1th food on the
guarantee of our note ?" This question they then put up to the Enghsh
Wholesale Co-operative Society in Manchester a few hour_s later on the
afternoon of Wednesday, September 24th. The reply th1s time was a
prompt affirmative.
"Within 48 hours," the manager declared, "60,000 pack~!les of foodstuffs wlll~ on board chartered steamship in the harbor . .
Presto! .~he order was executed. 30,000 packages, each containing
two pounds of jams, and as muc~ of sugar, one pound of canned fish
and quantities of buller and lea, and an additional 30.000 ·packages of
r'~a&es weighing some ten po.~nds. w~re.. on the good sh1p Hare, ready
~ ..e trip by F ri~ay mght.- Pearson s.
<!
$1,000,000 Fund for Co-operative .Department Store
The greatest single co-operaive enlerpri~e probably ever. planned m
the United Stales has just been orgamzed m New York C11y.
The Consumers' Co-operative Department Store Association, Inc., IS
now ·making a drive for a million dollar ~und for the purpose or conducting a co-operative department store wh1ch w1ll sell coal and 1ce •. and
have a large mail-order department. . Or. J ames P. _Warbasse, preSident
of the Co-operative League of Amenca; Peter Harrulton and Joseph D.
Cannon, of the executive committee of the Co-operahve League; A. W.
Ricker, of Pe~rson's; J. H. Callah.n, joseph L. Sagar, and D. R. Tanner,
are its directors.
. .
The constitution and by-laws of the orgamzahon follow the one man
one vote and rebate pro r~la on purchases of the Rochdale system. One
million dollars will be raised by selling 200,000 shares at $5.25 each: t~e
2Sc to be spent on organization. As soon a~ $200,000 has been pa1d m
by subscribers to the treasury of the organ1zahon, the s_tore w1ll ope~.
ln common with the I ,000 . other co-operahve stores m thiS country, thiS
co-operative department store will be run b:Y tbe ~onsume~s t~emselv_es
for their own ·benefit. It will be an expenment m g~nume tnd~stnal
democracy. No one will make a p~nny of _profit out tl. The mlddi~
Jllan will be eliminated with all of h.. extortions. The H. C. of L. w11l
Co-operation In Cleveland, Ohio
Co-operation is m~king great progress in Cleveland. At present there
are four co-operahve organizations: The Workingmen's Co-operative
Company, with two stores; the 'Sio'Yeriian Co-operative Company ; Tne
Cleveland Co-operative Bakery Company; and the Co-operators Company.
The first organization starte.d business in 1912 and has been paying
four percent rebate to its stockholders on their purchases since that time,
as well as four percent interest on the stock issced. The Slovenian . Cooperative Company has been doing business for four years. It has allowed its earnings to accumulate during that period, adding the profits
to the value of the stock. The stock which was sold at $2.00 per share
is now worth $59,00. which shows a profit of nearly 200 percent on its
capital during the four years of operation. The co-operative bakery
began business early in November. It is turning out five thousand loaves
of bread and 20,000 biscuits weekly. It has 2,500 stockholders. The
Co-operators' Company has no slo1e, but has an automobne delivery
which · makes the circuit of the city one a week and sells direct to its
stockholders. Its sales amount to about $1200 per mor.th. All of these
societies are offshoots from the Socialist party.
Fresno, Cal, Starting Store
A group of earnest co-operators in F <esno, California, have been invesJigaling co-operative trading f(;r several nionths past. At present in
tl, .. connection a bread route is operated with oonsiderable ability and
success. The group is affiliate~ with the Pacific Co-operative League
and is known as the Universal Brotherhood. A novel fraternal feature
is part of the plan of organization. ·
The Fresno comrades have in view a minimum membership of 100
and have decided I<' start a co-operative otore. The Pacific Co-operative
League has been of.,cially requested to attend to the organization work
and to establish a branch League store in Fresno. The membership will
cost $35. The work will start at once and it is hoped to have the
slore in operation before summer.
'
Consumers' Co-operation In IUinois
Ten new co-operatives have just been started in Illinois. Pana, Marsailles, Bloomington, Pawnee, Ca rlinville, · Collinsville, Alton, Granite
City, Freeburg and Coulterville. All have flourishing young co-operative
stores now. The store at Bloomington started with $4,000 in cash on
hand. The store at Staunton, Ill., owned by the Miners' Union of• that
city has been changed to a strictly Rochdale store. The total sales for
the last quarter of the extremely successful co-operative society of
Springfield, III., were $30,6<}7 as contrasted to $22,993 of the quarter
ending September 30th. The expenditures were $'1,309 as compared with
$3,726. The net profits were $1,898 as compared with $1,422. The
sum of ~I ,41 S was distributed in six pe~cent dividends.
.
¥
¥
~
According to the fifth quarterly report of . the Lincoln Co-operative
S.lore of Lincoln, Ill., covering the qu.)ter from October 1st to December 29th, the total sales of the sl['e were $7, I~ the total net
profits were $549; and $403 was distri ed in six ~'~' w~iq~~.
�The
The Pioneer
My Countty
By
By
Er nest
S. W o o s t e r
'Tis not the warrior's darid'k takes
The liner courage of the soul;'
Nor yet that recklessness which makes
The headlong dash for desperate goal.
There is a stoutness. of the heart,
Unflinched, repelling every fear,The quiet, stalwart•. fearlessness
That marks the hardy ~ioneer.
Robert
Whitaker
My country is the wo~ld; I count
No son of man my foe,
Whether the warm life-currents mount
. . And mantfe brows like snow
Or red or ·yeliow, brown' or black,
The face that into mine looks back.
My native land is Mother Earth,
. And all men are my ki·n,
Whether of rude or gentle birth,
However steeped in sin;
Or rich, or poor, or great, or · small,
I .count them brothers, one and all.
Be he the uncouth plainsman bold,
He who explores 'neath tropic sun,
Or he who faces Arctic cold,
There's valor in them, every one.
Yet not their courage more relined
Nor they the bravest of the brave,
The truest test is of the mind
That toils obscure, a world to save.
My birthplace is no spot apart,
I claim no town nor state;
Love hath a shrine in every heart,
And wheresoe'r men mate
To do the right and say the tr'~th,
Love evermore renews her youth.
The sane, sweet, kindly hero who,
Obscurely, and to fame unknown,
Works on for what he knows is true
For principle and truth alone,His · life and effort to impress
The heedless with a thought new-born,
With none to praise at his success,
And at his failures none to mourn.
,
WesterD
My flag is the star-spangled sky,
Woven without a seam,
Where dawn and sunset colors lie,
Fair as an a~gel's dream;
The flag ·thilt still, unstained, untorn,
Floats over all of mortal born.
My party is all human-kind,
My platform brotherhood;
I count all men of honest mind
Who work for human good,
And for the hope that gleams·~afar,
My comrades in this holy war.
He's strong, this hero pioneer
Undaunted by unkind attack;
He'll ever onward persevere,
His not the spirit to turn back;
This pioneer in mind! He leads
In courage as he leads in thought
His valor of the soul succeeds,
Without it all the world were nought!
•
POWeqne
is equal to gasoline at Sc a gallon; salesmen and
agents wanted; exclusive territory granted. POWERINE is guaranteea to be harmless, to remove and prevent carbon,
doubling the life of all gasoline motors, saving repairs, adding snap,
speed and power. An amount equal to 20 gallons of gasoline will
be sent to any address in the U. S., charges prepaid, for $1.00.
W . . PORTER BARNES, SANTA ROSA. CAL. Dept 2H
ABSENT MEMBERS
My heroes are "the great and good
Of every age and clime;
Too often mocked, misunderstood,
And mu"rdered in their time
But in spite of ignorance and hate
Known and exalted soon or late.
lVJy. c~ntry is the ·world; I scorn
. No lesser love than mine,
But calmly wait that happy morn,
When all shall own this -sign,
And love of country as of clan, ·
Shall yield to worl<}wide love of man.
INSTALMENT MEMBERS
WHERE ARE YOU?
.Price
/We W!lnt to get tl@ address of every instalment member and
every absent member of the Llano dd Rio Colony.
Many have not kept us informed of their whereabouts. We
have information of importance for every instalment member.
and absent member.
Readers of this notice are asked to assist us in getting in
touch with these· persons. We want to communicate with them
at once.
Memben;hip Department:
s. .
~
Thirty Days Free Trial
COMRADES, send us $1.00 for this Razor, use it thirty days, then
if you don't believe it to be the equal of any $2.00 Razor on the
market, return it and we will exchange it "fo·r a new one or refund
your money. as you desire. Furnished with plain black handle, either
round or square point, extra hollow ground %-inch blade. Price,
$1.00 each oJr six for $5.00, postpaid. If convenient, remit by P. 0.
or Express ~1oney order. Address·
RED FLAG RAZOR COMPANY
PARAGOULD. ARKANSAS
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
. s t ·a b l e L 0 u i s i a D a
IF OUR RAZORS DON'T MAKE GOO!>, WE WILL.
-
·$1~
·· ·· ....-- - ~
�Western
Comrade
The Tyranny of the_Press
By David Bobspa
' ..
It is free from facts. It .is free from truth. It is free from
justice: It i~ free from. ideals. It i~ free from principles."
Th_e dirty tncks by wh1~h the ne~spapers ac.complish their
"We can never hope to gain our freedom until we first
capture and control the newspapers for the working class."
So spoke Charles T. Sprading. to a little group of us rec~ntl)'.
Truer words were never spoke.n. How many comrades feel
the grossness of the. evil of t.he capitalist press-and then
spend ten times as much money for the vile vomit of the protituted press as they do on WOTking class periodicals. I had
to take the choice between giving up the capitalist newspaper
game a nd relinquishing my manhood. One can not keep
both . Nor can we support a corrupted press without payjng
the price of bondage.
Comrade Sprading has written a splendid little pamphlet,
"Ruled by the Press," that tells the story of our real masters.
His opinion of these "peddlers of pif!le" is based on facts
every intelligent individual can easily verify. "No thinker,"
he .~ v s , " from Thomas Jefferson to the present day has had
any r~spect for the metropolitan press. Our great free press!
poisonous work are detailed by Comrade Sprading.
A remedy is pointed out-through common ownership of
the . pr~ss or a ·portion of it; co-operative ownership of a
· p~per m each cente.r; patropage of the fairest paper. in each
c1ty or town. Sprading is ·right-the wor~ers must adopt
some one or more of these plans if the goal of democracy is
eve_r to be· reached. I hope his pamphlet will be widely cir~ul~t~d aqd tha~ it will lead to an elimination of the capIt~hst press so far as workers are concerned. H you wili ·
· gtve your own press one-half the support you give that of the
enemy within our borders-"the malefactors of great wealth"
-your p~ess will give you all the features you find in · your
present pig-trough organs of untruth-and you will have a
ready friend instead of an active enemy sheet struck from the
press. _If you don't want freedom badly enough ~o begin by
supportmg your papers, you won't get very far.
Published 15y George Rissma n, 322 Star}\ Bldg., Los Ang·eles, Cal. Ten cents; special prices in q\Hintities. Order
through your paper.
;) .
Real Estate Bargains
Can I ·Afford It?
The following properties a re among those that have
been listed for sale or trade with the Llano Land Bureau.
Ma ny of these a re exceptional bargains. As more and
more property is listed , it becomes possible to offer a variety in all portions of the country. Those who wish to
sell or trade or buy, or knowing of others who wish to
buy are invited to corespond with the Llano Land Bureau.
No commissiOns a re charged those expecting to come to
the CoiQI'lY.
$450-two lo ts Stockton, California
$3250- House and lot .in San Francisco
$3500- Thirty-ac re farm, mountains of California ; $2000 for farm
without stock. This is an excellent location and good properly.
$500 for len acres in Florida, suitable for oranges and vegetables.
$22 17 for good business in Iowa town, plumbing and h eating.
Florida land- ·I 0 acres, partly improved, house and buildings.
160 acres- Kansas, unimproved land, $2000, sell or trade.
320 acres unimproved Kansas land, $3200. ·
240 acres in Texas, 95 in cuhivation, two houses, $20 an acre.
$2500 for good place in Mississippi.-vle
40 acres in Texas, good improvements, $75 an acre. Sell or trade.
Terms.
200 acres Arkansas land. improvements, orchard and house, stock,
tools, implements included; ali for $6000. Sell or trade.
Terms.- lc
165 acres Texas for $1 0,000. Terms.
160 acres Texas. unimproved good rice· or fig land, $25 an acre.- aec
40 acres Idaho, good improvements, $10,000. Liberal terms.
20 acres Idaho, $225 an acre. Liberal T erms.-jcc
$300 for lot in thriving Alabama town. Sell,,or trade.
$400 for 40 acres southern Alabama, unimproved.
$1600 for 40 acres in Florida. Libe,ral terms. -alc
$1500 fo r house and lot in Grand Rapids, Mich. Rents for $17.50.
Llano Land Bureau
-s t a b I e s •
Lo uisi ana
I
How . many times a day do you have,,to slop and ask that
'!ueshon? You would like a nice hous< o live in; you would
I.ke good clothes to wear; you would like good food to eat ; you
would I.ke to travel; you would like to have some pleasure in
life. You want all these things, but continually we of the work·
ing class who produce all these things must slop and ask: "Can
we afford it?"
And ninety-riine times out of a hundred the answer i•, "No,
we cannot afford it." So we either go without or we live in a
hovel, wear shoddy · clothes, eat cheap food, travel on fool, and
sneak an occasional dime for a picture show. And why? The
work.l'rs made it all. We build the houses, grow. the wheat, feed
the cattle, weave the cloth. We have made all of the thing•
which we cannot afford to buy. Did you ever slop and ask why?
Why don't you slop and ask why? Wouldn't you like to know?
It is because we have power and don't know how to use it.
Never was a wiser word said than J. A. Wayland's statement:
"To remain ignorant is to remain a slave." There is just one
thing you cannot afford to do without, and that is an education.
When the workers KNOW , nd realize their power, they will live
in the houses they have built. wear the clothes they have woven, eat
the food they have prepared. If you want to help yourself to all
of these things, begin today to complete your education. The
People's College belongs to the working class. Let .us help you
get that education. Clip the coupon below and mail it to us today.
Put a cross before the course you are interested in.
MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY.
······--·-·--· .. --............................................ lr!..........................
PEOPLE'S COLLEGE,
FORT SCCOTT. KANSAS
Dear Comrades: - Please send
the Course which I have marked
............ Law
............Plain English
............ Advanced English
____________Public Speaking
............Commercial ,Law
............ Penmanship
me full information concerning
with a cross.
............Elementary Arithmetic
............Adva.nced Arithmetic
............ Elementary~ Bookkeeping
............Complete Bookkeeping
............Shortbanrl ·
............Algebra .
Name....................................................................................................
Address.........., ...................................................................................... .
•~•• •• •••·••·• • • • ••• • - •• • •-• • ••-•• • •••• •• •·- • • •• •• •.• • •- •• ••·•• • •• • •••" " " " • •• u • • -• •·-••• •- •u• -• •• ••
�Pag~
thirty-six
Boudin's War Analysis,·
((ontinued from Page 23)
of democratic ideas has passed to the working cla~s.
In the Sebei-Kautsky debate at the Essen
Congress, Kautslcy insisted that the- needs of
the V.:orking class should be·· the only guide for
socialists to follow in times of war or 'peace;
a position squarely in opposition to ~II nationalistic theories.
Comrade Boudin lays special stress on the
resolution adopted by the Stuttgart Congress
of 1917, and reaffirmed at Copenhagen m
· 1910, and at Basle in 1912:
"In event that war ~hould break, notwithstanding the efforts of socialists to prevent it.
then it becomes the .d uty of socialists to work
for its speedy termination, ·.and to use all · the
powers at their command. utilizing the political and economic crises produced by the war,
in an effort to arouse the discontent of the
people so as to hasten the abolition of the rule
of the capitalist class."
The theory of the class struggle is in absolute and .irreconcilabi · opposition to the nationalistic theory of.: ~>atriotism. Races are
merely at different s'a.'1~s in their evolution.
Our goal is internationalism; when all national
cultural differences will be merged in a higher
culture. The fundamental division of the human species is not along racial or national
lines but along class l i~es, based on privat~
property.
The working class of the world has an interest only in the defense of the nation whose
independence and liberty are a ttacked. And
whatever . decision it makes concerning any
war, it must be controlled exclusively by considerations of the results upon the interna. tiona! working class and its ·struggle for
emancipation.
\
.
Direct Mail Advertiser's Reference Book
Just from the press. Apracticalbusiness encyclopedia for the direct mail advertiser. .Covers
entire field in its relation to your business.
. The following partial table of contents sh9ws some of
the reasons why you should send for a complimentary copy ·
of this valuable reference book:
·
·
,,)
a
.
JACK PANSY, Publisher, ~.0. Box LC-307, Grand Rapid;, Mich.
(
M
And One NEW SUBSCRIPTION or RENEWAL to
TI~IE L~ANO_ PUBLICATIONS (both, a year, for
$ !.00) w1ll bnng the , BEAUTIFUL
·
Colony View Book ·
OF CALIFORNIA VIEWS-ALL REAL PHOTOGRAPHS
(not reproductions) mounted in a substantial way. in a handsome Album.
t] This Colony View Book s~lls for
a limited number.
THE
..C L A S S I F I E D A D V E R T I S I N G WANTED.-BOOKS f<;>r the Colony Library; Fiction, . Scientific Books,
Books for Children, etc., Ad ress: Editor1 Western Comrade, Stables, La.
I,
.
$1
.
-a booklet which PROVES, by photographed extracts from an
official U. S. Government Report, that the Morga~ wealth and
power are twenty times greater than realized. How Morgan
(after the war) can manipulate a "panic"; then buy cheaply
control of all vital industries; dispossess YOU of wealth; reduce MILLIONS to abject slavery. How he keeps knowledge of
this power suppressed; how newspapers are controlled; governments and legislatures corrupted. Price 50 cents-and your
money back if not satisfied that the information given is well
wqrth the price. Descriptive circular, testimonials, etc., free
Agents wanted. Address:
· 1
.
I' .1 ---;
~'The economical efficiency of Direct Mail Advertising.'~
f'How I fourrd my livest prospects in five minutes."
~·How to multiply your ability, experience and energy.'~
f' Art, lithographing, and color printing club plan." .
f'How Purchasing Departments .use Mai.ting Lists.'~
f'The coq~parative value of Jc and zc postage."
f'Map graphic charts: population, agriculture, live stock, etc.~
!'Testing new plans and policies·. "
~·Analytical advertising and sales promotion.'~
~·Picture gallery of reasons why.'~
~·Dealer help suggestions.'~
·
f'Helping your salesmen.'~
"Shall J. P. Morgan
, Own The Earth?"
"\\
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LLANO
Sta b_les ,
$1.50.
There is only
PUBLICATIONS
Louisiana
~~?Jf~~~~~~~~
~~=~~~~~~~~~B~~~~2!~~
�Western
Comrade
Peace and Its· Meaning
(Co~tinued from Page 20)
I
~
gram for a -Clean Peace. But our ·newspapers
class interests, and they are hampering him.
stand the New York Times takes in regard to the
. man! It makes use of every acrimonious wbrd i~
tionary in its editorials ·about labor unions. We
to educate the who"le people to the idea of
Clean· 'Peace and a Real Democracy. · If
could get the ' allied interests at the present
ly to· adopt that ·program of a Clean Peace, the
. ing might never have begun. When the German
'realize that a just settlement is offered, they would
way to make their rulers accept it.
.
Think this over, gentlemen, and realize that there
era! million lives at stake over the issue as
-ruling classes of Europe shall get enough
war to enable them to hold their power; or
other hand, the people of Europe shall ·be del
. tyranny and slavery and allowed to dispose of their
tinies, living in peace with one another.
-
settled, and it is the most important question that we will ever
have in our lives. No matter who you are .or what you want
to be or do in this world, or what you want your children
to be or do, it all dt:pends on· the settlement we get out of
this war.
What we want is CLEAN PEACE; and that is a- beautiful
phrase which comes from England. We ought to take it up
and understand what it means. It means justice for everyone
and injustice for no one. There never has been such a thing.
Every peace council has settled things on · the basis that they
shall take who have the power and they shall keep who ·can,
and all the ruling class interests want to settle this war on
that basis. There are imperiatists in every country, not merely in Germany.
The Russians say self-determination for all peoples, and
they demand that all the people of the disputed territories
shall vote.
As far back as human memory goes, the populations of
despoiled lands have been beaten, jailed and hanged anc,l
shot; ·now the idea is that they shall settle the ir own destinies by vote. But I say that voting and elections in those
territories today would simply produce a thousand wars Illstead of one war.
The imperialists would settle it by saying: "I will give you
six square miles in Alsace-Lorraine for ten thousand miles
in Africa. I will give you. a hu ndred thousand Belgians for
ten thousand Persians, and maybe I will throw in five thousand of the people of Trieste ." And all this without any regard to the rights of the people concerned. Yo u can not
settle lt that way either, for that would mean that all these
people would get ready for another war. Their countrymen
over the border could get ready to help them, and a new war
would come as soon as the materials could be accumulated.
The only thing to do is to take every one of the territories
which is legitimately in dispute, and make them independent
com.!llunities. Let the people who live there govern themselves. They will not need a rmies; they will . not have to
fight because their independence ' will be ,guaranteed by the
English, the Russiam, the Italians, · the Germans; the Americans, the Chinese, the Japanese, the Hindus and all the rest
of the world.
What I am -getting at is this: Make them independent, under an international guarantee. Fix it so that F ranee and
Germany cannot get at each other even if they want to fi ght.
Make independent states of Armenia and Mesopotamia; put
Central Africa under an internatio nal commission; make
Trieste an independent port, also Constantinople, and all
other places for which rival interests are strugling. By this
plan you do justice to all the people who live there. You set
up buffer states between the quarelling countries and you
solve all the questions without hurting anybody's feelings .
Also you entirely discr.edit the war. Nobody has gained anything, and the chances of the ru ling classes being thrown out
of their jobs are increased many hundred percent. Moreover, you make absolutely necessary and inevitable .the establishment of a new world government.
We had a lot of colonies when we got through driving .
out England ,and for a time we didn't know whether New
York and Massachussetts we re going to fight each other
not, but we finally decided that instead of being a lot
warring states, there would be one Federal
the United States. We want now a world
Setid 25 cents for samples of
to be had from the ..
NATIONAL BIRTH
OBJECT-To Jemove all laws
of birth control information.
200 Fifth Avenue, New Yqrk City, N. Y.
·"The Truth Ab
The Medical
By John A. Bevan, M. D.
Columbia Universiiy
(Inventor o.f the <Esophagoscope)
! Price Fifty
Paper Bound, Postpaid
The ~esult of clinical and pat~ological
at Guys Hospttal, London, and ; the Bellevue
pita!, New York.
.
BENEDICT LUST, N. D., D. 0 ., . D. q, M. D., writes:
book is splendid and will help to enlig~ten many skeptics
still believe in medical supers tition." ~
Prof. DAVID STARR JORDAN, M D~ writes: "I
looked over the book called 'The T th About the
Profession.' There are a great many " ga that are
and truthfully said."
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW writes: '"There are some
interesting and important things in the book.''
LLA~O PUBLICATION~,
STABLES,
" Something for nothing is the curse of the age."- job
The E quit i st
discusses the Source of the Power to get something for
and shows how to destroy that power. It will
.
whether .YOU agree or not.
a year; $1.50 to
and publiabed by
�hirty-eight
The . Western
NEW
The
me rica n Labor Year Book
191 7-19 1 8
Edited by ALEXANDER TRACHTENBERG
Director, Department of Labor Research of the Rand School
of Social Science
Partial Table of Contents: Labor and War; The
bor Movement in the United States; Labor and ·
e Law; Social and Economic Conditions; The Intertiona!, Socialist, Labor and Co-operative Movents; The Socialist Movement in the· United States.
384 Pages of Valuable data for every Socialist and
dical. Paper Bound, 60 cents; cloth binding, $1.25.
Address:
ND BOOK STGRE, 7 East 15th st, New York City.
rcsentatives Wanted
Trustworthy, re p·· ~sible, competent agents are desired in
different communities to represent the colony and to interest
desirable persons in this enterprise.
Only men and women of constructive minds, self-sacrificing
disposition, and energy are wanted. If you are willing to work
for the good of a great cause in a wholly constructive way,
ou are invited to corr-espond with the Membership Department
nd to get the Representatives Proposition. Persons actuated
only by self-interest need not apply.
lv!cmbcrship DeP.arlment
LLANO
DEL
RIO
COLONY
ETHICS
The things we disapprove in others, we are likely to do ourselves. O.ur disapproval is a . subconscious way we have of
defending ourselves from_ like guilt; but we must not forget that the same thing that !.:aused the ·sin of the other is
in us, and· very likely we are doi~g it in. another way.
Official judgmell.t is bad-private, worse. ·The monition
"Judge not" is as clear, sharp and insistent as "Thou shait
not steal": or ·"Thou sh'alt noi: kilL"
· We avoid· the more dramatic methods of stealing and killing for self-protection and other minor selfish motives, but
the legal and customary methods, most all practice. Steaiing
is the getting of the \r roduct of another's toil without his free
consent. When I take too much profit to pay too · small
wages, taking advantage of the necessities oP the weak, I am
stealing. When I get credit ~hat another man has done;
when I injure another personby misjudgment, I am a thief of
the most cowardly kind. Yet these habits are virtuously in.
dulged in by the best.
Most virtues are tainted; Whenever a good quality becomes conscious to the possessor, it becomes vicious, because
it· turns one into a judge, gives him a holier-than-thou attitude-which is hypocrisy. If we could change the vicious
feeling that we are better than any other into the recognition
that we a re hypocrites, unjust, rnerciless, we could work a
moral .reform in ourselves of real value.
It is equally bad to think we are worse than others. This
is slavery. The whole of autocracy grows out of the feeiing,
abnormal, that somebody has thought that he is better, and
the whole of slavery out of the feeling that he. is worse.
Would it not be well for each of us to look within, find our
tyrannical emotions and eradicate them? Man cannot become virtun\IS by cussing kaiserism.
-S. W. CALDWELL
, The Captain of His Soul
(Continued from Page 30)
The
International
Language
Esperanto
. ...........,. the langudgc problems, opens up a new world of lit_,,.auJre. gives one a much better understanding of his mother• SI<Yns:ue, enables him !o co-rrespond with people all over the world,
all this at a comparatively s:nall outlay of time or money.
'Send for a FREE ~ample 'copy of AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO,
official organ of the Esperanto Association of North America,
receive also a catalog of Books, etc., and full information
how to learn th~
· ' wonderful language.
Please mention t
Llano Publications.
THE AMERI
____
.,_
N ESPERANTIST CO., INC.
Watertown,
altham and Washington Streets
WEST NE~ .:ON STATION, BOSTON, MASS.
.
:.,
Socialists
read PEARSON'S MA-GAZINE. It
the only big magazine ·of ~ationai recognition that is
by and for the working people.
for One 'Year $1:50.
"Do you think I enjoyed doing what I did? I loathed it!
It was only to toax you away from your terrible ideas-to
make a mart' of you that I humiliated myself. And you
struck me away from you! ~-·
"It was an accident, Ruth !"
"It was my punishment for trusting a hobo. Don't ever
come near me again! Go to Netta- she'll let you- -. Oh,
I could die of shame! "
With that she was gone.
He sat down heavily. The frogs sent up their melanc:holy
chorus from the marshes.
"Croak 1 Croak! Croak!" they went. "Croak! Croak!
Croak! " It was the death song of his love-of the joy he
had tasted from a leaking cup.
It was his first deep passion and he was only twenty-three.
Tears welled through his fingers and he sobbed-one and
a~ain. Then across his numbed mind the words came whispering· .
"It matters not how straight the gate,
How charged with punishment the scroll,
I am the master of my fate,
I am the captain of my soul!"
He rose, squar-ing his shoulders and buttoning his coat.
To be captain of one's soul! Greater than any pain was
that, greater than any love!
He was His Own once moreHis to Will-to Do!
All that night a light burned in the little ~oom which was
his lodging. Just as the sky grew pink, he emerged'. Head
· well up, eyes on the northern horizon where lay Los Angeles..
J
·' 1
�The
Western
Page thlrty-nine
Comrade
Loyal Supporters Enthusiastic Over "The lntetnationalist"
·sEGINNiNG with the May number, the Western Comrade
THE INTERNATIONALIST will have a well-defined edlshall raise its subscr~ption prit~ to $1.00.. The~e are toriai policy, and, while · co~tin~ing to publish articles . of
good reasons for this, but chief among them IS the··· general interest, will make the achievement of· international
general increase in pric~s of paper and supplies. As the Socialism and co-operation its go~l. It will wage a ceaseless
Western Comrade does not rely to any extent upon adver- ·and energetic light against all those obstacles to internationtising as a source of income, it is ··compelled to increase its alism such as militarism, compulsory military training, co11r
subscription price.
scription, tariff walls, secret diplomacy, diplomatic entangleAlso beginning with the May number, the magazine shall ments, the Monroe Doctrine, imperialism, language barriers,
race d_ifferences, and religious differences. It will 'publish the·
make its first appearance as
cream of American radical thought. It will give its active
and enthusia~tic support to the American Socialist party, and
shall support the workers in their struggles with the capitalist
very attractive and shall carry an artistic and per- class. Its objective is the Co-operative Commonwealth,' but it
design. Already many comrades hav.e written will not be narrow or sectional. It rt:ognizes. in the birth
on our choice of the name-THE INTER- control movement a splendid and dire., needed propaganda
Here is what some of them say:
.
and shall give it its unreserved suppo(
decision to change the name to The Interna tionalist is a
THE INTERNATIONALIST has a big fu'ture ahead of it.
. and will add to your power. I am enthusiastic over
It has an unlimited field in which to work.
s.- ALEC WATKINS. Fresno, CaL
Are you going to enlist in our ARMY of INTERNATIONnew tha t you are to call yourself The lnternationALISTS? Are you goiJ]g to get subscriptions? Are you inworld is sick tg.. dying of the virus of na tionalism,
terested enough in the ideal ·"of internationalism to call on
f~r a fra ternal r spirit that knows neither bounds nor
name Interna tionalist should p resage a virile growth.
your neighbors and get them to subscribe to the INTERNAWENTWORTH. Perrine, Florida.
TIONALIST?
sincerely to congra tula te all of you concerned with the
Let us h'ear from Y 0 U. . Tell us wh11t you think of the
Comrade for the strides you ha ve ·made in keeping up
Ma-gazine.
strong, clean and progressive jou rrtalism . . . I afso like the
name of The Interna tionalist. No sectional name is as good as
And in the meantime, if you like this number, why not
one taking in all of Humanity. I shall be interested in seeing the
send us Ten Cents and have us mail a <;opy to your friend?
Co~de in its new d ress.
I am glad that you a re makir.g your
Fraternally,
pohc1es Widened and not na rrowed to any particular movement
or o rganiza tion.- DAVID BOBSPA, Los Angeles, CaL
The Editor.
The Internationalist
I
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Do .You Want Socialism
To Win?
CJI Look at the Election ,Returns from the few cities
given below. Help us roll up a staggering vote and
send a lighting delegation to Congress. Start the 1918
campaign NOW!
New York City
1913- 32,000
1917-150,000
Dayton
1916- 4,800
1917-12,000
Chicago
1916-16,000
1917-27,000
Toledo
1915- 2 ,800
1917-14,903
Clev~and
1915- 6,000
1917-27,000
Rochester
1916-1--1,450
1917--8,200
On To Washi.ngton!
CJI Send in what you can to the MILLION DOLLAR
FUND. Let this be America's answer to oppression
and autocracy.
(j Send all communications and contributions to
OUVER C. WILSON, Financial Director, Room 405,
803 W. Madison Street, Chicago, Ill.
Upton Sinclair'sMagazine, dedicated to a Clean ~eace and the lnternation, is a magazine that no thinking radical can
do without. It is indispensable t~ balanced intellectual ration.
....
. - Upton Sinclair has been pronouced by Dr. George
· Brandes to be one of America's few great noveli"sts.
Every radical has read "The Jun~le" ~ and has been
thrilled by "King ,Coal." The sequel to this wonderful
novel will appear serially in
j
Upton Sinclair's Magazine
Also there is running serially a remarkable work entitled
"THE PROFITS OF RELIGION"
It is a .masterpiece. The Price of a year's subscription
to UPTON SINCLAIR'S is $1.00 a year-$5:00 for
Ten Years. Sample copy on request. ·
Address-U P T 0 N
�Iembers
.S
-Will Go -Up~
B
EGINNING MAY FIRSf. several cllanges wiU be '
made in the selling of memberships.
I. Initial payments on memberships will be advanced on a sliding scale, with minimum payments at
$1000 and a graduated scale based on the number of
persons coming on the membership.
2. Cash payments only will be given consideration.
3. The acceptance of members will be made provisjonal.
Details of the new plan of selling memberships are not
ready yet, but will be announced, probably, in the next
issue of the magazine. With the growth of the Colony, the
value of membership becomes enhanced. Those who come
in now have the benefit of the work and plans of th9se
who have gone before.
Increased cost of living and materials of aU kinds have
so greatly decreased the purchasing power of a dollar, that
the increased rate becomes necessary. Those who put
$1 000 today into the Colony are putting in no more in
actual value than those who put in $500 when the Colony
was first established.
The community interest in which the member participates becomes greater from day to day.
).
\
...
'
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I
The Old Rate Applies to Those Who
Get Instalment Memberships Now!
I
.
\
l
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•
~:
Those who have taken out memberships in the past according to
agreements made then will, of course, come in on the plan that was
in operation when they subscribed.
..
Those who have been corresponding with a view to taking out
memberships, should their applications be taken out and approved
before the increase, will, of course, be accepted on whatever termJ
may be agreed upon before the contemplated change takes place.
The Llano <!el Rio Colony reserves the right to reject any ap,
plica'rions it may deem not desirable, as it has always done.
The details of tha sliding scale of memberships will be announced
later. The provisional acceptance of membenhips will also be ex~
f)lained, bu"t ·it is csu!licient here to say that the ·rights of the individual
will be care'fu11y safeguarded, as well .as those of the Colony. Ca.b
payments mU be a rule ex«>pt o n such aJrticles as are m ~te
d emlllld and on which prices and .quality are standardized.
Atten'lion, iis directed t o the U ano Land Bureau, esta:bfubed fvr
the jpUljJ>OS"e .of aiding iin ,sa'J.es and ~changes of land as we'll as 'a "
,.,Js'lln:g llltose ~'ho <OJ<peel t o puro'hase JPropcrty,
•
Uano del Rio Company o.f Nevada
Stables, Louisiana
.
/'
�Make 'Y our
F-~ ·mily
_Safe For
"
·---The Future!
W
HAT have you done · for your family'? What provision have you made for your own
old age} What plan have you} No one else wiU take care of you, no one else will
take care of them. NOW is the time to look forward into the future.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony, established a.t Llano; Los Angeles county, California,
May I, 1914, has established an extension Col~my at Stables, in the healthful "Highlands of
Western Louisiana. You are invited to send for special descriptive literature about it.
Have You Faith In
Your Own Ideals· ?
D
O YOU believe in co-operation? Are you a
I
believer in Socialism? If you are, have you
faith in the application of the principles in which you believe?
The Llano Colonies are the practical atte~pt to flive and administer the theories of co-op·
eration. This is a movement to 5ecure the beht:fits of Socialism right now. Hundreds of colonists
are building soundly and solidly for the future. They ask you to join them if you have the
C courage of your convictions. Practical, sane,· honest, conscientious, tolerant, determined men and
women are desired. There will be pioneering to do and there will undoubtedly be hardships.
__..-None are wanted who come expecting to reap ert! they have sown, none who wish to advance
their own selfish interests ahead of their brothers. none ;ho seek immediate advantages for them·
selves rather than for the good of the whole community. But to those who can work and endure
and build for the future a cordial . welcome is ~xtended. ARE YOU ONE OF THESE ?
The "GATEWAY TO FRSEDOM" and "LLANO'S
PLANTATION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF LOUISIANA"
give mon~ detailed information about the Llano Colonies.
Write for them and for supplt.:mentary literature. Ask for
application blank. Address:
Membership Department
Llano del Rio Colony,
."" Stables, Louisiana
�ruE
OF SOCIAL ECONOMY.
.¥
Three Correspondence Courses of Study
BJ
}:4~)>
~/~
. - Organized in 1900.
Students in All English Speaking Countries
LESSONS PREPARED AND TAUGHT BY
dre~':Y~~.! ~~!by !,.~;~~ .~.~.~~w~.! ,~n5h<,;
Anr of
. ., ... '""' '
and can be completed as quickly as anyone is able, or the time may be extended as may be necessary.
FINELY ENGRAVED CERTIFICATES are given to those who satisfactorily complete the work in any of the e course
Here are 1 L- TEN LESsoNs IN THE sTUDY . oF sociALISM.
- li.- TEN LESSONS IN 1liE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING.
the Courses I HI.- TEN LESSONs IN THE ~cTIVE usE oF THE ENGLI
THE TEN LESSONS IN SOCIALISM
L<·o<nn f.-_The Evolution of Capitalism.
!.<"s•on fl . -The Evolution of Socialism.
L~••on 111.--Scientific Socialism.
Le.son IV. -The Failure of Capitalism- The Comiftg of Socialism.
Lc.oon V.- Trades Unions and Socialism.
Lr ..on VI.- The Farmers and Socialism.
:J
Lr•son Vll.--The Middle Class Workers and Socialism.
J.rsson Vfll.- Religion, Education and Socialism.
l.eoson IX. -Political l'arties and Socialism.
Lesson X.- How to Work for Socialism.
F.ach of the ten lessons which have been especially prepored by Mr.
:·.:1•. the author of "The Struggle for Existence:· gives special direction• for the stuJy of some one topic as given in the above schedule.
F.ach (r,.on gives a surr.mary of the suhjecl matter to be studied with
•pecial references to all the pa ragraphs in the text book bearing upon
that topic and Jesil(nating those to he read only. as well as those to he
r.rrfully studied. Each le.son in the course is followed hy a list of
test quc•tions, the answers to which are written up as studied and for·
warded to Mr. Mills for correction, approval or recommendations for
furthrr study, together with answers to any special que•tions asked.
THE TEN LESSONS IN THE CORRECT AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
l.r~son
1.- The Buildinr and the Mastery of Words.
Lesson II. -Tbe Classes of Words.
H LA GU. GE.
Lesson 111.-TLe Relation of Wonls to Each Other.
Lesson IV.-Tile Bllilding of an English Seutence.
· lesson V.-The Finisbinr Work on an Eo1lish Sentence.
Le5'on Vl- The Forms of Speakinr and Writing.
Les•on VII.- The Telling of a Story and the Explaining of a · itu.tion
Le!Son VIII. -The Building of an Arrument.
. Lesson IX.- Effective Correspondence.
Lesson X.- Writing for Publication.
The•e lessons consist of ten pamphlet•. el\ch complete in it elf and
rontaining all the material necessary for a student's work . EAch Ienon
is followed with test questions and the manner of procedu re in doin~:
the work. the same as above.
TEN LESSONS IN THE ART OF PUBLIC
PEAK! G
Lesson 1.- Tbe Traininr of the Voice.
Lesson H.- Gathering the Sp.eaker's Materials.
Le,.on III.- Constructing the Argument.
Lesson IV. -The Delivery of a Speech.
Lesson V. -Adornment and Power in Public Address.
Lesson VI.-The Speech and the Occasion.
Lesson V!I.- Errors in Speech.
l.e..on VIII.- Controversial Speech.
l.eS<on IX.- How to Manage a Crowd.
Lesson X.- The Personal Qualities of a• Orator.
In these lessons. as in the course of English. each leoson i• complet•
in ihelf and no text book will be required, and the manner of proued ure will be the •arne.
REMEMBER : -If you w"h to understand the labor queshon, to deal- with the high cost of living, to understand the ri•e of militarism and the
way of escape, to fight effechvely for the young, the disabled and the a~ed. in short, if you wish to be a good and an effec tive Socialist, begin a t
once the atudy of these lessons in Socialism. If you wi•h to have a voice as clear and musical as a bell, •o that people will li•ten to you just for th-.
music of your voice, to be heard distinctly by the largest crowds, to have a throat of •teel that will never fail you, to have a great fund of freth
and inter.,.ting info rm• tion, to be able to think at your best on yo•n feel and before a crowd, to be an effective sale•man in offering goodt or '"
pr.sen tin ~ idea•. to speak without notes and never forget, to addreu a thron~ as though you were speaking to a single friend and to become your
sdf the incarnation of the message you take to o thers. then take these len lesson• in the Art of Public Speaking.
If you want to write for the pre.,, not for the waste basket. to be understood. not to be lauRhed at. to write letter s that bring replie•. to ae""
on committee&, "rite resolutions or party platforms. to gather the ~re. l es l fund of information,. to wTite a story tha t will read when print"d • • 11
, 0 und• when told. to recover from the brogue or the broken forms of foreign speech o r of untrained utterance. then take these lenons in the atud)·
of the F.ngli•h ll\nguage.
THESE LESSONS WILL BE WORTH YOUR WHILE. The following well-known speakers. writers and organizers were once students of Mr. Mtll•
George R. Kirkpatrick, Anna Maley. Fred. 0. Warren, 1\:ate O'Hare. Frank O'Hare. Guy Lockwood, Mrs. Lockwood, Oscar Ameringer. Phil Calletl
J. W. Slayton, Gertrude Breslau Fuller, 0. S. Wilson. Judge Gro••beck. Geo. W. Downing. Agnes Downing, John M. Work, Mrs. A. M. Salyer, r~,
H. Turner. G~orge D. Brewer, J. E. Snyder. George Scott. Mrs. Bradford. Walter and Rose Walker, Anna Strunsky Walling. T. E. Latimer. Carnlm• ·
Lm e, J aineo O'Nel\1. W. C. Benton, J. L. Fitts, J. L. Engdahl. Dr. Nina E. Wood.
TERMS : The Course of Lessons in Socialism, including a paperbound copy of "The Struggle for Existence" by Walter Thomas Mills.
free, $!>.00 for a single student ; in cla..es of five or more, $3.00 each;
in classes of ten or more with text book free to each student in any
case, $2.50 each ; or the course free to anyone ordering ten copies of
the doth-bound edition of "The Struggle for Existence" a t $1 .50 each
( rqJular price $2.50) ; or ten copies of "Democracy or Despotism" by
Walter Thomas Mills, regular price $1.25 each. to one address.
The Counes in the study cf English and in the Art of Public Speaking are $10.00 each for single students; in classes of five $7.50 each;
in classes of len or more $6.00 each; or either Courae for a oin~l·
student free to anyone ordering fifteen cloth-bound copieo of " H.Struggle for Existence' at $1.50 {regular price $2.50); or fifteen <o;.>••
of " Democracy or Despotism" at $1.00 each ( regular prico $1.25) "'
one address. purchasers paying the freight.
fJ Now is the time to get ready for the winter's work. You can in
vest in nothing tha t will pay so large a return as when you onvrot in
yourself. You can earn these courses gelling up clubs for the hookt
You can greatly reduce the expense ~nd add to the pleature ond profu
of the work by gelling up classes in any of th•se Couroeo.
ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS. always mentioning that you saw this ad in THE WESTERN COMRADE, to
The International School of .Social Economy
R. R.
•
o. I, Box 15. BERKELEY. CALIFORNIA.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1918-03/04
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
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Double Issue
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1918-03/04
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n11-12_191803-191804
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2018-08-06
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v05n11-12
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42 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7a817a279c83a58243e849d02c283913.pdf
53c02753745c2ad77bb304674bda5cda
PDF Text
Text
to
1918
Price Ten Cents
..
p::
Comr
estern
1
Lib:
5th
ave
<].,,.\1
and 42nd ~t
NY City N ~·
"THE
PAINTED
PIGEON"
- a smashing
Story by
ROB
WAGNER
"BIRTH
C.ON.
TROL"
I
-by
MARGARET
SANGER
Beginning a
Remarkable
Series entitled
"MODERN
RELIGIOUS
MOVEMENTS"
(Pianlalion Woods and Scenes in
I he
Colony)
" D 0 E S C 0- 0 PER A Tl 0 N PAY ?"
. " FREE D 0 M
-B y E . RALPH C HEY N E Y 0 C RACY:·
TIMELY EDITORIALS
-By JOB HARR.IMAN
0F
SPEECH
-B y THERON
FICTION -
AND
P.
DE M-
COOPER
POETRY- HUMOR
•
�0
r Ga e
a
0
F
Uano's 16,000 Acre Plantaiion in
16,000 FERTILE ACRES
After a natimt-wide tearch, it was finally decickd to purchase 16.llU~ in the heahhr..i highlands of Vernon Parish in Western Loui~illnll, at Stahles, one mile from leeoville. the parish seal of Vernon
Parith, This it about 15 mitet rrom the Sabine river. about 40 miles
from the Red riv r, (both navigable), forty miles from Alc;xandria,
100 mile• fmm Shreveport. and about 200 miles from New Orleans.
'l1•e hilifll~"d' of this di1trict are fertile, high, wdl-drained. healthful. There arc no owarnpt. no malaria, no mosquitoes. no fevers more
thnn nrc found in oth ·r tlatco. Hcahh reports show that this portion
of Loutlinrw cnn compare favorably with any other section of the
United Stat ·t. 'There i• an abundance of drinking water of excellent
quality.
II. mot I ar f ul invcslij~ation was made regarding h ealth conditions.
RcporiA compil d by the Hcahh Department of Louisiana were studied.
lnhnhitnnln of this district were interviewed. All agreed on the heahh{ulncu of this portion o f the Sta le. and those who have hea rd dis·
r,our~((in « report& from Louisiana are invited to make further and more
CHrrful invc&til(olion ucfore arriving a t conclusions.
The huu lrncl lie• sou thwest of Leesville and has had most of
the timb r 11 1 off. Remaining along the creeks,however, arc scatter d pin 1 of the long leaf variety to supply the Colony with buildinG mnlorinl fo r mnny year~ to come. About 1200 acres of hardwooo timber worth mnny thousands of dollars are also on the land
nnd Offer opf'ortupitics for the establishing of many industries. The
timber in, Lee ·h, rnngnolin. white onk. cypress, walnut. post oak.
red onk, swc t gum, and hickory. The trees are splendid ones,
ntul thin body of timber is not to be surpassed in quality.
000
A TOWN CAME WITH IT
~
h n th
p urchase wns first contemplated. and it , was finally
d ooided to buy the 16,000 acres near Leesville, it was found that the
lumbrr hnml t of Stables stood on the property. This was acquired wi th th land. A ho tel of 18 rooms, 27 habitable houses.
100 other small houses, one shed 130x300 feet, one shed 130x200
fl'<lt, no shed 60 I00 f e t, one store 30x90. one office 40x50, eight
t'lthcr theds nd structures. The lumber in these buildings. together
with oth r lumb r on the plnce, amounts to about 2 million feet.
Tiu C r rnilr nd extrnrl across the land: A concrete power house
ntnl
on ret dr in~ kilns (cost to erect them, $12,000) each kiln
nlm ut ·20 70 b 20 feet hi~h. nr" nlso induded. Stables is on the
mnin line of tho KtmsM ' ty Southern Railroad. This town will be
o u1\it:d far n \ hilc, hut ll\l~r a more s st.,matically laid out town will
be huih.
·
TRANSPORTATIO · FA
A hotel. dairy. range s tock, small laundry, store,
machine shop, vulcanizing plant, gardens, hot beds, h rd f IJ 1111,
some rabbits, some chickens, hogs, printinll dcpnrhn nt, f1i ~~. d ton,
warehouse and material shed, are established dep rim nla now in op·
eration. Machinery for the shoe shop is her , but not inlltlllad. Thia
is true of the saw mill. A moving pictu r m chin is 3lre dy fl\1 hnaad,
with chairs, and benches for 11 theater. P lnns 11r dr 1 n lind materiAl
ready for the new .·theatre and dance floor, th s to b 1 p r Ia, Th
school is giving practical instruction in grammar ach ol aubj 11. Trc•
mendous progress is being made in every department, nnd th Orl!ftllilinll
of departments is increasing the efficiency of tho entire pltlnln tion.
HOW TO . BECOME A MEMBER
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is orsoniz d 61 II 110 k
company in order to secure the protection of th law to th { ull I I
ex tent. Each member purchases two thou&ond ahnr 1 ot th pnr volu
of $1 a share. One thousand is to be paid in caah or equivol nl b •
fore the member becomes a residen t of the o lony. Thi1 furnith 1
the capital · for financing until the colony Ianda ore producing. Tho
remaining thousand shares is worked out a t the rote of $1 o day
credited on stock. In addi tion the member ia poid a 1moll oth woge,
and credited with a bonus which bring• the to tal amount to $4 o
day. Each member is furnished with a place to liv ond it IJUI!r nl ed
steady employment.
There is also the Instalment Member plan by whi h thot who can•
no t make payments in full at once may take out a memb rthip on
which they may pay $10 or more each month. Thote inter tied in
this plan arc invited to write specially . concerning it.
AGENTS WANTED
Trustworthy agents are desired in different communilict, 11ml tho§
who can furnish first-rate reference~ are invited to corrupoml with 1M
~embership Department ro~erning bcccming our reprete~~llllive.
WHAT CA BE PRODUCED ?
A ca...ful investigation bas been
tal::..,. h is found that a great
"
of ~IK:~ do \~I here. Peaunb, _._. potatoes, mdo.... of
illll k - :m, tto>n, and SURU cane. ....,.., be dte best produttrs
.and tl\ ~~ i
tin~
~tables of all kinds do w
aod
~~% llll ~ ~~~ mum'S. This rcgioD is DOl
• t1y wdl
·~~ fw fntit ~ .o11lk dehikd sla'-ls possible. Lat from a
lll>f
Itt'S ol ~·i!d tdability. ~ is giwD tbat
~ ~ ("!-.. ~ abd 9milu huits can be ~
~"'.,.· utt~ u.d ~ -.1 t-ts
for.age
· :oeuJy doe
~""' ~r, \\Lik: ~ ~ of ~ is prooi,aa.Y.: ............, of lbr aba:nm6nt question askt<d.
othi!lll«!S
of
·~take ~"ere
_,btf-
~ ~
.....
~be ~
btR..
n del R o Colony, Stables, Louisiana
~~
�"No m'atter whose lips that speak, they must
be free and ungagged. · bet us believe that- the
whole t uth can never do harm to the whole of
virtue; and remember that in order to get the
whole truth you must allow· every man, right or
wrong, freely to utter his conscience, and to protect him in so doing. Entire. unshackled freedom
P o I.
t
i c a I A c .t
o n·
for .every m~·s life, no matter what hi~e.
- the safety of free diseussion, no ~~tt~ h'dW
wide its range. The community which dares not
protect its humblest and ~most hated enemy in the ~ ·
free utterance of his opinions, no matter how false
or hateful, is only a· gang of slaves."
.·
·. -Wendell Phillips.
Co-opera!
The
S o c i a' l i
on
sm
Comrade
'"The Most Constructive Magazine for Socialism in America.
Entered as second-class matter ' November 4th, 1916. at the pcstollice at Llano, Cal.. under Act of March 3, .1879.
Application for entry as secon~-cla~s maUer at _the po~tollice at Leesville, La., i>endi.ng:
JOB
HARRIMAN............ Man~ng Editor
ALANSON SESSIONS........Associate Editor
ERNEST S" WOOSTEIL.Business Manager
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1; Single copies IOc; clubs oPI or more (in U.S.) SOc. Combinatio!\. with Llano Colonist, $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE, but are asked to give credit. ·
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is changed.
Please do n·ot send subscrjptions, changes of address, complaints, etc., to individuals. Address ALL communications to · the Uano Publications, Stables, La. This paper will not assume responsibility unless this rule is followed.
The Western Comrade neither approves nor disapproves the sentiments expressed in contributions not signed by one of the editors.
VOL. V.
LEESVILLE, LA., FEBRUARY, 1918.
By
Job
No.'10.
Harriman
Materialism
Spirituality
MATERIALISM is a composite of blind forces.
SPIRITUALITY is a composite of intelligence
and love. These mingled forces function only
in. the hearts of pure and noble men and women.
They seek the avenues of service and sacrifice,
~!ways endeavoring to uplift. Their standard of
right is measured by their ability to help others.
They spare no energy to save. ~ndangered lives.
They will change their course, at whatever cost,
t; s~ve, protect, or increase, the happiness of
others. They will ~ive their own lives rather than
absorb the lives of others. They are the embod·
iment of mercy.
Spirituality is kind, gentle, patient, long suffering, constant, enduring 'in friendship, persistent in
sterling worth.
Spirituali'ty is the mainspring of the heart, the
inspiration of -the world, the mother of hope, the
savior of despair, the harbor of safety of a stricken
world.
These forces work alike in the mineral, vege~able
and animal world. They se~k the line of least
· resistance, regardless of the circumstances. Might
is always right, with blind force.
Water runs
down hill in the e(,lsiest channel though it drowns
. a playing child. · A bullet will_. not change its
course though it pass through .the heait of a baby.
Energy is · absorbed by capital from man, woman
and child alike. There is no mercy in materialism.
It is stern, ruthless, persistent, heartless·, treacher·
ous in friendships, with an eye only to advantage.
Materialism is a great body rolling down hill, increasing in momentum and in vol~e as it goes.
Materialism ts an non heel and the ruling
P.()wers are its exemplifiers.
�-·
T-he ' Western
Co
rade
r::;::::::.:.::::;.=7~:di~:.:::::~:::-:.:~
E
Concentration must center in one head. This one
must be able to cope with the situation, otherwise efficiency is as effectually defeated as if the power were
centered in a dozen heads who disagree · upon policies
and methods.
The Senate is making a fatal mistake _b y creating a .
war council having power to determine war policies.
There are but two questions for the Senate to decide:
First: Should we stay iri the war~
Second : How large should the budget be~
These two question~ settled, the rest should be left to
Wilson and the staff he selects, if efficiency is to be attained.
"
No army was ever led to victory by a dozen generals,
all vested with power to map out the campaign.
Concentration of power is necessary if the end desired is to be efficiently accomplished.
ROTZKY is that Northern Star that shines
vision of Tolstoy.
T
Ill
the
---o--
HE ~'Savanah News" is as blind as a bat, as stupid
as a toad, and as mixed as scrambled eggs. Here
is a specimen of its effusions:
"As operator of the railroads, the government may
actually crystallize public opinion against government
ownership. If this occurs, the president will have
brought about a double benefaction to the country, for
he will have caused more efficient use during- the war,
and taught the public that the solution of the railroad
problem in times of peace is their operation in private
hands."
- That is to say: Efficiency will crystallize public opinion in favor of inefficiency!
A brilliant bit of reasoning, we confess-equal, if
notsuperior in wisdom, to the brayings of Balaam's ass.
T
---o--
TROTZKY calls the social democrats of Gel'lll~n~ to
·
'
revolt.
There seems to be a strange hand at work in shaping
the destiny of these warring nations.
Everywhere men cry for peace and still everywhere
there is greater preparation for war.
The balance of power swings first to the Allies, then
to the Centr~l Powers, and every day brings doubted
misgivings mingled now with hope and then with despair.
While Russia was fighting hard and the United States
entered the war arena, the die seemed cast in favor of
the Allies.
When the Czar went down before the Russiah rev.\_
c
When China and Japan opened their war chests, again ·
Allied stock went up. When the truce arranged by the
Russians and Germans, releasing from the east 1,500,000
soldiers; was consummated, the Central Powers again
loomed up, and the Allies were stricken With fear.
Then came the cail of Trotzky. It rang like a clarion
throughout the world.
The labor movement of every country, especially the
Socialists, responded, with a voice determined to throw
off the yoke of oppression and to establish peace everywhere.
The labor movement of England gave T rotzky its support and pledged it determined assistance. Next came
France, then Italy, then Spain. Later the social -democrats of Germany came out bolcfly against Junkerdom
and pledged their lives to tear it asunder. And last, but
not least, president Wilson promises to the Russian program his unqualified support.
Thus the submerged class, that enormous bulk, that
irresistible force, has been aroused and is rising from the
social deep with Russia, its head, already well above
water.
--o--
C
IAUS SPRECKLES, a multimillionaire sugar king,
is now fighting Hoover, as he is accustomed to fight
the labor movement.
His clutches are upon his profits.
All intruders are his enemies.
High prices are his god.
Low prices are his devil.
To hell with Hoover and the workers.
"Let them eat grass! "
Now, for once, the go~·ernment understands the viewpoint of the worker, and Shylock will lose his bond.
"All that glistens is not gold;
Gilded tombs do worms unfold."
--o--
c
LOSE your eyes and give your imagination a bird's
eye view of the world.
You will see every country, city, town and hamlet
bristling with bayonets and smeared with human blood.
"Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.
Blessed are the peacemakers."
--a--
F
OMENTING of groundless popular suspicion is the
most dastardly deed of which a human being can
be guilty.
A suspicious mind is dangerous not only to the general
public but to the iOVemment itself.
Suspicion is a form of insanity. It is supported only
by a belief in the statements of those in whom con6r
.
�dence is ·reposed. False stat~ments lead to the _direst
results, ofttimes to the murder ·of ~bsolutely innocent
people.
\
Men will act upon what they believe. Men will be~
lieve st~tements made by those in whom they confide.
A recent issue of the "Literary Digest" contains matter true and false, so mixed that by it suspicion is inflamed against the innocent, the consequences of which
however terrible, the "Digest" will go scot free. ·
In this hour of trouble, when passion runs Wild, all
men in responsible positions should endeavor to harmonize and not to inflame public passion.
Credulity and suspicion go hand in hand.
A
---o--
LL profits are illigilimate in times of peace as well as
but remember the cruelty of the Yankee soldiers
South during the CiVil war, and ·the cruelties
Rebels co~mitted in Libby prison, the crueltie;
English soldiers in South Africa, Egypt and India,
cruelties of our soldiers in the Philippines, we will not
at a loss to understand the cruelties of the German
iers -in foreign countries.
War makes brutes of soldiers, and brutes are
outside their native land. The soldiers of every
always have been and always will be brutal to the enemy.
This is war.
W
---o--
E read in many magazines that the _revolution of
Russia was due to the corruption of the Royal
family and the moral depravity induced by a peasant
religious fanatic.
in times of war. Profits are always made at the
sacrifice of human life.
.. More astounding ignorIn peace the lives are sacance than this could not be
rificed in the factories, the
A TREAT FOR SOCIALISTS!
displayed.
industries, the marts of the
The revolution in Russia
EGINNING with the March issue of the
world.
was
brought on by ·the bur~
W e s t e r n C o m r a d e, Comrade
In war they are sacrificed
dens
that the aristocracy imLincoln Phifer, editor of "The New World"
in the trenches as well as in
posed
upon the pe~ple of
and formerly associate editor of "The Appeal
the factories and industries
Russia.
The rumblings of a
to Reason," will contribute a series of arand marts.
general uprising have been
ticles entitled
The sacrifice of life in the
increasingly heard for half
trenches is so exceptional
a century.
"THE STORY OF AMERICAN
and terrible that all are
The same fact is now opSOCIALISM"
shocked and horrified at the
erating in Germany, and ihWe urge our readers to peruse this extrathought of it. But whoever
deed in almost all t.urop.ea!n .. _----l\~1
ordinary story, and to pass it on to other
has observed the unbearable
countries.
comrades: Bundles of ten or more, 5c each.
conditions imposed upon
Oppression is the mother
men, women and children
of revolutions.
by the arrogant, greedy and
It was the cause of the
ambitious owners of mines, factories and large indus- French revolution; of the English revolution; of the
tries, will have seen a sacrifice that will curdle his blood. American revolution against England; of almost, if not
The accumulated fortunes of the rich are measured by all, the revolutions of the world.
the blood and misery of the poor.
The oppressed know it too well.
Every one is anxious that the war should end and the
The oppressot' is blind to it. He is blinded by his
slaughter cease.
luxury, his power and his greed. It is this fact that
Now is the time for the government to end the
makes revolutions inevitable.
slaughter and oppression in the factories and industries
by putting an end at once to all profits by assuming control of all commercial and industrial affairs out of which
"The scheme of Socialism involves the complete conprofits and privileges arise.
trol of the individual by government, thus sacrificing
Man is man. And no man should be permitted to de- one's freedom for his economic welfare. For this, So~
vour another in times of war or peace, by means of cialism cannot be accepted by society as a solution for
profits or otherwise.
its ills."-Woodrow Wilson, The State.
B
M
UCH is now being written of the brutalities and
cruelties of the German soldiers. The statements,
while doubtless true, are altogether misleading. If we
May we ask the president whether the above-described condition, which certainly exists in this country
today in an extreme form, is Socialism~ And Is he the
president of a Socialist Republic~
�.r
TION accomplishes many things, but the one - of iliings. -Th~ .:New Orl~s Pi~yune'' of ...uu"''Y''·'
will most interest the average reader is the fa,ct that has the following story:
·
.
-. .
Llano Coleny is serving meals at its hotel fQr twelve
"The rice, su~ar, co.~, coJton pl~ters and farmers, ~d ~e · pro;
duce~s. of fo?d !11 Lou1s1ana are on a strike. They say that similar
cond11Ions ex1st m other states, and that some organized relief- movedespite the high cost of living; despite the fact that
men_! ...or some other agency must take hold or there will be a fo-1
served on the table must be bought in the open
famme.
r-When the gardens begin to produce; when the col. ~at the t~re~t ~s . not ·idl_e , they prove by pointing to the fact that
s its own hogs and cattle and sheep and rabbits and
desp1te the ,high pnces obtamed last year there is ·a decreased acreage
- of eve~ food commodi_ty. Even the acreage that has been' planted
; ·when there is sugar from -the colony's sugar-cane
was ag~mst the bette~ J~dgfuent of ihe planters, and was a patriotic
and syrup from the same ·source; whe'n the berries and
concessiOn to t?e nahon s plea. Unless something is done, and done
its are a part of each m~al; when the rice fields are
· SOOn, money Will not be ab)e to buy food, because there will not be
to the grains u~~d. and the oats
enough labor to produce the food.
part of each breakfast; when the
The negro exod~s from the agricultural
districts began -early last year. There had
lands are producing' for the
been s.imilar hegiras in other years, and
table; then the colonv meals
HILE the various parts of the
when harvest or grinding times came
cost less.
United States agitate or
around the negroes returned in sufficient
are horticuhurists in the colnumber. The expectation of like eventl.UIIclamor for reforms o r emergency
ity temporarily allayed alarm. The rewho lo;;-g for a chance to demonlegislation, or more efficient methpopulation was also depended upon to
e what this land will do. But
ods, the Colony is quietly putting
replace the drain of the draft and the
'ty dictates that the fruit take
many of them into . operation.
lure of government and other emergency
d place this year in the efforts of
work nearer home. But the negroes did
For instance: while a Kansas
not return, and gathering and linishin·g
e colonists. Next year, perhaps,
City paper tells of an agitation for
the crops became' a struggle and a desof the fruit men will have their
a six-day-a-week school, the co)ony
perate chance.
Many barely pulled
chance. It is not because their value
has it.
through, and are convinced they could
is not appreciated, but because the
not repeat the race with as much prosWhile daylight saving is being
best crops for 1918 are cotton, corn,
pect of success. For that reason nobody
agitated, the Colony has adopted
has attempted to plant even as much as
melons, sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes,
the policy, and it has already been
last year, although the demands of the
and garden truck. They are safe and
in operation.
nation is for increased production of all
sure and high in price and profitable.
Everywhere the cry is for infoods.
They will produce an income this year.
There is more to it, but this will give
creased agricultural
production.
· Therefore the farmers have decided to
a good idea of bow independent agri~
The Colony is organized to achieve
concentrate ~n . them. The colony
culture is faring in the South when lathis, and is already carrying out its
must provide food for itself this season.
bor is being lured away to the 'factorplans.
It will do so unless the unforseen inies. It is the strongest argument for
"Economy of distribution" is the
tervenes.
co-operative effort that could be asked
phrase being widely used. The Colfor.
While the independent little
ony has long applied this principle,
"BETTER LAND THAN
farmers and even some of the big ones
and
the
reduction
of
costs
is
strikTHOUGHT"
of the South are being forced to let
ing and enormous.
some of their land go idle, the Llano
" I thought I knew something about
"Women in Industry" is attractColony, through co-operation is able
ing attention everywhere, but nothis land as I have lived in the South
to put new land under the plow.
all of my life, but this land is better
where are they more sanely initiated
than I thou'ght it was. I am working
into industry than at the Colony.
PAID TO GO TO SCHOOL
out there with the clearing crew and I
"Efficiency" is almost a fetish
have a first rate opportunity to get first
these days. Yet no community surBut the plans of the colony are
hand information. I came here exmore systematic than the plans of most
passes and few equal the communpecting that we would be able to do
commumhes. Putting I 000 acres' of
ity efficiency of everyday life in the
land under cultivation in six months is
well. _I read the colony literature and
Colony.
I thought the land must be very good.
no mere child's play. It takes careful
planning as well as .hard work and it
But it is better than I thought and I see
requires system. The capitalistic word
no reason why we should not become
independent if we use only ordinary good methods. If we do "Efficiency" is the word heard oftenest in the colony. One
as we should, nothing can prevent us from becoming rich as of the ways of gaining efficiency is to offer some tangible rea community."
ward for it. The children of the Colony are being offered that
These are the words of one of the comrades from T ex- reward and it is. succeeding.
The children are on an eight-hour basis for six-days of the ·
arkana. The comrade who spoke is not an excitable enthusiast. He weighed carefully the chances of sqccess of week. They must account for forty-eight hours of the week. If
the colony before he decided to bring his family in. He knew they fail to do so, they_ fail to receive the amount of pay that
'that it would take work to secure results. He has not been the faithful ones do.
But the children are not kept in school for eight hours.
accustomed to such work as grubbing, but he selected this
work himself and is doing his part to make the farming end Part of this time is employed in useful work. For instance,
the boys (and many of the girls) have built perhaps a mile
of the enterprise show a profit and a big one.
of board fence, surrounding garden patches to protect them
FIRST FEED TI-rE COLONY
from loose stock. Some of the girls work in the hotel, and
As told la~t month, agriculture has first place in the plan it is one of the problems of the teachers that they must plan
W
.•
�The
Westn'D
Coml'aGe .::.__
An 1m porta~ t Annou-n cerilen f
CJ Beginning with an early issue,
the W e s t e r n Co m r a d e will
be known as
The Internationalist
The change of name w~ll be a
surprise to many of our readers,
many of whom possibly will not
understand why such a change has
been made. We hope the following explanation will make this
clear:
1. The W e s t e r n C o m r a d e
is no longer. "western." Sectionally
speaking, it is "southern."
2. The time is now ripe for an
advantageous change of name ot
the magazine.
The . Western Comrade
was first published in Los Angeles,
California, by a handful of brilliant
Socialists, including Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, Frank E. Wolfe, Stanley Wilson, Chester Wright, Rob
Wagner and others. It immediately
became famous in radical circles.
In june, 191 4, the Llano del
Rio Co-operative Colony took over
the magazine, and has published it
ever since. Its circulation has increased steadily and its constructive
advocacy of co-operation and socialism is constantly making it more
popular.
t]J
CJ It has been decided that the
magazine has simply outgrown its
name. It is no longer a, sectional
periodical. It has already assumed
national significance. It is fast assuming INTERNATIONAL importance.
t]J The Socialist movement never
' ·such international signifiss es at this mo.
me .
he Russian revolution is
leading the working class into a
United States of the World. The
nation, as a historical facror, is passing rapidly into oblivion. Many
men now living will see the federation of nations that must inevitably
come.
t]J In the light of these facts, it is
incongruous and narrow for us to
preserve the name of the Western
Comrade. The magazine is at this
moment one of the few influential
Socialist publications in the United
States, or even in America. It is
commanding the respect of every
school of thought. Because of its
broad position in supporting every
movement making for the emancipation of labor-the Socialist party,
the trades-union, the co-operative
colony, consumer's co-operationit will continue indefinitely to exert
a tremendous influence in the solution pf social and industrial problems.
the classes so that these girls can get out in time to set the
tables. Some of the boys handle teams, others work in
the industrie;;, some in the offices, and all who wish can find
work to do. There are few who are not industrious. Paying
the children for going to school is a paying proposition for the
colony. ·
INDEPENDENT CHILDREN
The children are making ambitions plans for the future.
They are laying out what they want to do and they are going
ahead to do it. First, in order to build the clubhouse, they
had to get lumber. They found a building and got permission
to wreck it. They hauled the lumber. They are building the
clubhouse.
When it is done they expect to conduct their own eating
establi hment and will serve meals at cost. They will not do
this alone. It will require jnstruction. It will mean competent
direction. But they will do much of the work and will learn
how to work with their hands, how to manage, and how to
plan. They will be able to conduct this work because they
will have the- money to do it with. They are being paid
wages. Why shouldn't they care for themselves?
. But that i not all. The girls will want to learn to sew.
They will learn in a practical manner by making garments.
Already thi woFk has been taken up to some extent. When
they have their clubhouse they will be ahle to go still further
into this indusby.
The Internationalist
will continue to present the cream
of the radical thought extant. The
most brilliant writers in the Socialist and labor movements will contribute to our columns. In a short
time the magazine wilf be increased
again from forty to forty-eight
pages-later to fifty-six pages.
t]J The is no .limit to th~ pos ibilities for The Internationalist. The
opportunity is here. The material
is abundant. All that is needed is
an enthusiastic army of Internationalists to spread the gospel of constructive Socialism.
t]J Remember that when you boost
for The Internationalist, you are
boosting directly for CO-OPERATION IN ACTION, for the ''most
constructive magazine for Socialism
in America" is financed, ed.ited and
published by co-operative colonists.
t]J
t]J
Are you going to help?
The price of a year's subscrip·
tion to The lnternational'st will be
advanced from 75 cents to $1.00
the first of May, 1918. Immediate
subscriptions will mean a saving to
you of 25 cents on. the dollar.
Fraternally,
T h e L I a n o P u b I i c a t i o n s.
The children will work in the gardens of course. They will
be feeding themselves and preparif)g their own meals. They
will be clothing themselves and making their own clothes. The
children of the colony are thus made an asset instead of a "'
liability. for their energies are being turned into practical
channels.
Once in a while arises a voice which says: "Aren't you
working those children too hard?" ·But ask the boys and
girls. They will stoutly deny it. They enjoy the work. They
are not put at disagreeable tasks that others do not like to do.
They are put at the sort of work that appeals to them as
being work. They are put at the work that is the same that
the men and women of the plantation do. Therefore, they
enjoy it. They realize that it is useful and they take a pride ·
in it. They are not given tasks but work as a part of their
schooling. The boys who go out under a competent instrue?
tor to build fences and drive teams and build and wreck buildings are learning more of practical things than they would if
they were kept inside at books.
CO-OPERATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Never before has the world talked so much of co-operation.
Never before was co-operation so urgent as it is now. Dreamers dreamed of it as a principle that should bind men together. Practical men have had to come to it in many places
because_ they found they could thus avoid exploitation to
some extent. But between the dreamers _who wished to co-
�The
We• te rD
c ·omraLde
/
because there was a principle involv~. and those because there is no r.ent to be paid.. There are no profits to
hard-hetded men who co-operate to such degree as go to non-workers. There-are no useless costs and added bur- were' forced to, there has always existed quite a .wide dens. The colonists 'are rich in the things they ~nt. and
The dreamers failed to get the viewpoint of. the prac- their prospects of becoming richer are distinctly good. ·They
have all the natural resources for building homes, for groWing
men, the ptactical men viewed the dreamers wit~ pity.
In the Llano Colony there is the fullest co-operatiOn, and crops that will provide food and shelter. There are few
the practiCal men who see it are fore~~ to follow th~ s~eps things, essential things at any rate, that they can not proof the dreamers who saw it as a VlSlon, and put ~ mt6 duce · from their own lands. They are not doing it now and
will not .for a year to come or for several years, but the day
practice.
The colony is progressing. The population is steadily in- is surely · coming when the Llano Colony will b~ self-supcreasing. The respect of the neighbors is bei~ gai·ned, for porting in virtually everr particular.
And all of this contributes to "Meals Twelve Cents." The
there is something different about the colony town and about
other towns. One is the bustle of industrr. Colonists work. price will go down and down and down. It is a matter of time
They must work. Loafing is not tolerated. It" is too ex- only. The meals are nourishing and palatcble, Yet the cost
pensive a luxury to be permitted. Therefore, there are no is only twelve cents. This includes labor as well. When sumidle men and boys congregating in groups about the colony. mer comes and the garden crpps are being harvested, this will
There is too much work to be done. The colony can not go down still more. When, in another year, the dairr has
been built up, the poultrr yards are doing their part, and the
afford to have idle men when there is work to be done.
There is the bakery for instance. The colony has been .beef herd is a source of revenue, costs will go down further ·
·
forced to buy bread. Butt now the bakerY is almost ready to and further.
The Llano Colony has a brilliant future. It has wealth,
be accupied, and in a short time the ColonY_ bakerr will ~e
selling bread instead of buying, will be making ~ ~ro~t m- both present and potential. It has already developed efficstead of paying one. At the same time, the colomsts will be iency, as a community characteristic, till it is far superior to
buying bread at lower cost than even before. There has been the rest of the district, and will compare well with any part
so much work to do that it has been impossible to get at the of the country. . In a day of co-operation, the Llano Colony
bakery before. The bakery will not be in use before the is taking the lead by pointing the way to the greatest results
first of March, but when it is ready, it will soon begin to pay through the application of the principles of co-operation in
the widest manner possible.
for itself.
The Colony receives many letters from persons who claim
There was a cow barn and a milk house to be built. They
are finished. Two great sheds have been entirely wrecked and to be socialists and who express some doubt of the genuine
are now stored away or the lumber used. The material shed co-operative nature of the colony. Some of these letters
keeps two men ·at work. Old lul.llber is sawed and stored in are sarcastic, some are bitter, and some are written in the
stacks. It is the Colony lumber yard. When the sawmill is friendly spirit of inquirr •
The Llano del Rio Company of Nevada is incorporated •un·started the supplie!> will be increased, but the tremendous
quantities of old lumber makes it unnecessarY to start the der the laws of the State of Nevada. Copies of the charter,
letters of incorporation and copies of the by-laws may be
lumber industry for a while.
It is safe to say that farm work in the colony is further secured from the capitol of that slate.
The Colony differs from other capitalistic concerns in one
advanced than it is in most places in the South. With the
colonists it is almost a religion that they must get .in a large particular- the shareholders are working members right here
acreage this year. They are making big plans but they are on the ground. Tl,ey share equally in the surplus, if any.
making them carefully and they are going. to keep on schedule. It is up to the working members to create this surplus. The
/
How many acres are cleared? It is difficult to say with mere stockholder receives nothing unless he works.
much hope of getting the information to readers authentically.
This Colony has the referendum, initiative and recall. Any
Perhaps it· is best to say that on February first about 400 one in position of trust or authority may be dealt with through
acrees were cleared; the work is going forward at the rate of this triple power. So f~r it has never been used. The inbout seven acres a day. The reader can estimate the number competent man never fights successfully to hold power.
Three hundred and fifty of us are now here working under
of acres from these figures with considerable accuracy.
The plows follow the clearing as closely as is deemed nec- the above-mentioned charter and by-laws, and enjoy it. We
essary. The land is not being cleared as the word "clear" all feel secure and perfectly protected.
signifies in many places. The stumps are being left in the
We are pioneering. Conditiens are comparatively rough,
ground. They can be taken ·out at some future time. Many and still there will continue to be hardships. Are you strong
of them are being burned out, but still many are left. How- enough to stand disappointments, misunderstandings and perever, thc_y do not interfere with planting, for the plows which sonal discomfort? Are you willing to grub roots, to plow,
are used get close up to the stumps. The rolling land of the to harrow, to do carpenter work, to haul, or to do anything
t:<:'!l)ny stretches away in plowed acres from ridge to ridge, else necessarr to make the work on the ranch go ahead? If
an inspiring sight to the visitor, a showing in which the col- so, you have the genuine co-operative spirit and you will
make a splendid colonist.
onists take great pride. It means independence to them.
Planting is late in the south this year. It is an unusual
Many people write us puzzling letters. They put us in
winter.· There has been more cold weather than' ever before. the' attitude of doing something for them. Why should we
But while the north has been celebrating the winter with guarantee a complete and heavfnly haven of refuge for those
'iheatless" days, the colonists have had an abundance of fuel. desiring admittance? The question is: What are YOU willing
Tney have -been having "sleetless" days instead. If we~lth to do to make life safe and pleasant for the MAJORITY in
be measured in real things and not in money, then the Colony the Colony? If a person is not willing to give more than he ·
is rich, for it has been warm and well fed. But if wealth expects to get, • he will be disappointed here, and he had
is to be measured in money then they are not rich, for they better stay away. ·
make no pretense of having money. ·Yet with a small wage
Are you willing to take things as they are and not be dispa_id to the members they are able to get along nicely. That is appointed if they do not tum out fu)]y as you expected?
�-
' ' \"· -·
•"'
The. We1tern
:.
L
..;.
" ·""'
. .. "r .
,---l...."
Comrade
-s·i r th Control
B
IRTI-1 Control is a new
philosophy of social
relations which has · recently
arisen in this country;- the
basis of which is prevention
It differs
of conception.
from other social philosophies in that it goes at
once to the heart of the
soci·aJ problems of our times
and applies to nearly every
individual.
In my work in the nursing
field I came in daily contact
with various aspects of social conditions, as they exist today. I was confronted
with two classes of society.
In the first class, where
wealth, leisute, education .
are enjoyed, prevention of
conception is known and
practiced. The problems of
the day do not come from
this class. While on the
other side, wlaere prevention
of conception is not known,
we have poverty, disease,
pro s t itution, drunkenness,
vagrancy, unemployment,
infant and maternal mortality, an• the alarming increase in abortions.
I found that the mothers
of this class are kept in ignorance, but are anxious
and desirous of the knowledge . which will prevent
their bringing children into
· .
world to die of poverty. I found that they would face death
thr.ough ·abortions rather than bring children into the world
and compel them to spend their childhood days toiling in mills
and factories. I found that the great average woman, living
on the average workingman's wage of. $12 a week, does not
want a large family, but is forced to endure the pains of
childbirth because of her ignorance to prevent conception.
The United States is forcing undesired motherhood upon mil- lions of its women ·victims.
And I claim that the state has no more right to ravish a
woman against her will by keeping her in ignorance than a
_____ik~-n has througl- brute force.
'--l:l:te women of today do not desire to spend the whole of
their adult lives in l:iringing children into the world, and refuse to be mere child-bearing machines. · The state has not
accorded woman the dignity of freedom so long as her body
remains the slave of ignorance, for no woman can call herself
free who cannot choose the time to be a mother or not, as
she sees fit. Out of this desire for voluntary motherhood has
arisen this great struggle for woman's liberty, for the freedom
of her own body, for its release from the domination of ignorance enforced by church and state. Out of this rebellion
has risen the birth control movement in the United Stites.
The astounding fact is, and statistics bear out the facts,
prevent conception.
Our problems of war
never be solved until
birth rate is controlled
the people themselves.
control is practiced
the adJ anced and edtlcatec:t
people of all countries. In
Holland, F ranee, and New
Zealand it is quite generally
practiced by the common
people. The results oL 30
years work in Holland should be known to all. The fact: that _..
during thes" years, with the fall of the birth rate, the death
rate has fallen so perceptibly that the population has acceler- •·
ated, is proof against the loud-mouthed orators who say th.a t
birth control means race suicide.
Birth control means race improvement: it means fewer
babies, but it also means less sickly and dead babies. l means ·
fewer chiidren to toil in factories and mills, but it means more
·babies playing jn the open sunshine in the fields and playgrounds. It also means early marriage, free from the diseases ~
which late marriage and promiscuous living bring. It means a
wanted children born in love, reared in comfort. It means fa
freer womanhood: a .healthier manhood. It means unltimately
an emancipaterl race.
-<>--
MAKING DEMOCRACY
"Don't stick the bayonet i~ more than six inches, because
it will be hard to pull out. If you get the point stuck in
a bone, shoot it loose. Make short, quick jabs. Most of your
bayonet fighting will be at night, so be careful not to stab
your fellow solc!'iers. Stick to kill! If you're too close to
stick str».igl1t out, turn the gun upside down, grab the
of the barrel nnd stick it up through his chin."-From ua.Yv••c••.
tructions in Fort Snelling Training Camp•.
I
..,...
�The
Western
of Speech and o ·e mocracy
By ·Theron P. Co_oper
./
and idealistic Russian revol1,1ti0nists get buried so deeply in public libraries. Hence, too, political ·the difference between "free speech" and freedom of speech is not by any means the boon to humanicy ·
· .
explained to them, "Well, wlfat we want which it .· might be.
· Yet vast as is the sum of stupidity,· dishonesty, cowardice..
understood how bail a thing it is for the
wild, ignorant, or actually vicious ideas and apathy created by social and economic repression ofresentful company with such thoughts. thought, political .freedom of speech, press and assembly have
they knew that the most terrifying theories in so many instances routed tyranny, corruption and dismeaning. And lastly, they had that eager honesty that they are deeply endeared to the inactive mass of' .
..which craves knowledge from :al)Y source mankind. · A wise ruler would not dare, would not wish,. to
confident of its ability to distinguish the suppress them, because he knows that the instant suppression
starts, suspicion and distrust, however unjust in themselves,
false.
is, in the end, the one thing which will pro- will awake.
Freedom of speech always depends either upon the absense
fit for democracy and self-rule; no one of them
independent judgment and none willing to accept of coercive power or upon conscious restraint in its use. Where
a social convention, an economic or political sys- you find a person speaking in undertones, or lying, or afraid
to venture an opinion, you will not have far to look for some
and upon the bare word of authority.
far from the understanding which these simple person or institution whicli would punish him in some tangible
some of the world's greatest men who'thought way for his opinion. On the other hand, where you do find
have had of the nature of the human mind and the freedom of speech you will find that the persons who would
like to translate disapproval in terms
by which it can grow to
of force are by some means held in
reedom of speech means that
check. As an instance, . _take th,e
permit anyone, at any time or
. Australian ballot which is a singularly
express ·whatever opinion he
effective free speech measure because
FREEDOM of speech means that
and we must do so without
by complete secrecy it protects each
though,t, desire or impulse to
we must permit anybody, at
man from the coercive displeasure of
him for anything he says.
any time and place, to express
those of contrary opinion.
democracy, freedom of speech
In friendship and in love there is
tre~~-tc)la-soc:J·;aJ , economic and powhatever opinion he holds and to
always an implicit promise that
We have political, economic,
use to the full such powers of pernothing which is said will be conveyed .
freedom of speech, but until
to hostile ears. So here, too, opinion
· three come together we will not
suasiOn as he may possess; and
can be expressed withou~ fear .or favor.
complete freedom of opinion:
How often do we stop to reflet:t that
until then will we have complete
that we must do so without either
the great value which these intimate
At present social instituthought, desire or impulse to punish
relations have in the intellectual develand economic maladjustment
opment and happiness of all of us . is
an influence in curbing free
him for anything he says.
direct result of the free expression of
opinion which so stultifies the minds
questions and beliefs which they
of ninety-five out of a hundred men
allow?
and women that before maturity they
. But secrecy, which is so effective at'
become· actually incapable of forming
sound judgments on public issues and have no desire to do so. the pollin g place and between friends, is not applicable to all
In our social system suppression of free speech commences the issues of life. Moreover, it evades the issue. Instead of
with the · child, under parental authority. In our nurseries hiding a man from coercive power, democracy must take from .
we begin the discouragement of intellectual curiosity and the rulers and favored classes the power to withhold bread and
substiJution of ready-made opinions, which we. who do not freedom from others, before freedom of speech and intelliknew how to end wars or poverty or even to elect a good .geuce can become general.
The inevitable conclusion which a · study of freedom of
mayor, guarantee as true. Church, school, college and social conventions continue the process; and when we have speech brings us to, is the pity that men do not take it for
dumped in enough class and racial prejudice and encouraged themslves, and permit it for others. If we had intelligence we
an earnest enthusiasm for the trivial, the young man or woman would scrupulou?IY guarantee that we would never threateri .
is unconscious except in rare moments of depression of the or injure another for any expression of opinion, however .what
he says may pain or insult the things we hold dearest. If we
void left by the non-development of his powers of thought.
Our economic system controls opinion even more severely. had courage, we would never refrain from speech because
·
In business and industry free expression of thought by any ruin. imprisonment or death is threatened.
What is true of free speech in times of p·!ace is true during
young woman or man would become an insurmountable barrier to success. Cruel, wasteful, dishonest, irrational and war. Merely because the issues are greater the pen~lties are
blundering as the economic system is, no one may say so pub~ more severe. It remains true that the most honest government
licly who has a job to lose and a family to feed. Labor takes a long step towards misunderstanding, dissension, susleaders have had a keen consciousness of this for years be- picion, and its own corruption when it will not trust its case
fore our political freedom of speech appeared to be threatene& to free discussion. And it is not true that because the tyranny·
Actually in the mass of mankind very little eager and active is · brief. it will do no hium. Is it no harin that more than
twenty men in different parts of the country have been taken
, .. ,_,_ .. , 5 , ... ~..- -survives the social and economic diseiJJ-l~n,. to be
to the momentous problems of mature life. Hence during the past month by masked cowards and flogged until
ideas and inspiring thoughts~have so little in8uence and
(Continued on Page 34)
a
,·
_:_I
.
�-The . ~stern
MQdern ' Relig_ious Moveme.nts:
L a ft e r. D a y S a in t- is-m-1 t s Essence and Purpose
By Elder
J0
I.
E . R 0 biD I 0 n,
President California Mission (<llurch of Jesus <llrist of Latter Day Saints).
sociations. In each little community a practical man has been
chosen, aside from the officers of the local institution,- who is
looked u n · as a "vocational director." His business is to'
·
·
h po d
d
fid
f
·
t' · [
·
.
wm t e regar an · con ence o young men m par 1cu ar
HE Chur~.h of Jesus Christ of Latte; Da~ S~ints, "Mora?d help d~termine fo~ them t.h~i; professional career and
monism, (so-called because of theu behef m t\le Book---- dtrect them m all vocatiOnal actiVIties.
·
of Mormon), is essentially a practical religion, being the
The Sabboth schools, Religion cl,sses and Primary assodarevealed Gospel of the Lord jesus Christ. It is founded not
tions, each in turn take care of the youth and children of the
alone on the scriptures given to us by the Jews in the Old and Mormon families, according to their. er.vironment and years.
New Testaments, but it is amplified by the American volume
In the Sabboth school is a particular class designed for and
of scripture, the Book of Mormon, and revelations and author- ' called the "Parent's class," in. which men and women of experience teach those who. are you11:g~ the art of home gover_nity from God to His · prophets of the nineteenth ce~tury.
The principal mission of the Church of Jesus Chnst of Lat- ment, and discuss the soctal and ciVIl problems of the hour-m
ter Day Saints is the salvation in the world to come, but here ' each community. Any question about public institutions, taxin this world TODAY and NOW. It is founded upon the same ation, civic improvements, prohibition, etc., are discussed freely
organization that existed in the primitive church, viz., ap6stles, in these classes and instruction given_, by competent an? exprophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers, etc., and has all other perienced members, to shape the destmy of the commumty.
officers named in the New Testament scripture such as patAs early as October, 1849, scarcely more than two years
riarchs, high priests, seventies, elders, bishops, and deacons.
after the Saints entered the valley of the Great Salt Lake
In its organization it has given ample opportunity for the (July 24, 1847), the little handful of people in that valley,
initiative and executive capabilities of all its male members fighting the crickets, Indians, and hard conditions, organized
and a goodly number of its female. Every male upwards of what was termed a "Perpetual Emigration Fund" which obtwelve years, who shows an appreciation for his faith and in- tained until the funds of the company were escheated by the
tegrity in observing the same, is clothed upon with some de- United States government in 1887. During the period of its
gree of priestly authority, and "without money or price" is perpetuity, hundreds of select, courageous, God-fearing men,
called to service. Because of this and other helps in govern- women and children were emigrated from the old world where
ment, the entire membership .of the Church is looked after they were the "prisoners of walled-up streets" and the slaves
individually and its condition, spiritually and temporally, hus- of the market or mine, and brought to the Great West ll.I}d
banded, and where necessary, reported to the proper official made free land owners in the open and "under the sun," no
l.
for direction or help, spiritually and materially, as conditions longer subject to the call of the whistle and bell. Those who
warrant. It is so complete in its organization that it is often lived, through good fortune, industry and frugality, reimbursed
.
referred to as the most perfect in the world. This excellency this fund to the amount advanced them for emigration, but
has been obtained because of co-operation. Poverty stricken, some were unable to do this. An interesting item is found in
without money or means of exchange (except the products of.. the history of the Mormon Church, April 6, 1880, fifty years
the soil) they built their roads, bridges, public buildings, after its organization, when in consequence with the spirit of
schools, factories, and their great mercantile institutions by the old Hebrew law to forgive the debtor his debts on the
co-operative labor and investment. They were the first to year of jubilee, the people · voted to "remit $802,000 of in~
introduce and husband the sugar beet industry which has be- debtedness to this fund, in favor of the worthy poor, and to
come such an important factor in the commercial world of the distribute 1,000 cows and 5,000 sheep among the needy." It
intermountain district.
is needless to say that such examples of care for the living ·
Its "helps in gov.ernment" consist of a Woman's Relief proves conclusively that the Mormon Church is providing for
society embracing 45,000· women of mature years who are the souls of men NOW, as well as preparing them for the fuaffiliated with the National Council of Women and whose par- ture. In fact the work which is done in their Temple is an .alticular lield of ministry is among the sick and poor. Their truistic one, they firmly believing that they can "act for. and
report for 1916 shqws their resources as $608,750.~ with a in behalf of" those who are dead and stand for them in orliability of less than ~?OO~. Long ago_ t~~y were a onished dinances initiating them in the fold of C~ri~t by prox_y, a work
to gather wheat for a ttme of scarctty · and have 15,393 the dead cannot do for themselves. Thts Is a doctnne of the
bushels in insured storage. They spent 25 ,985 days with the old scriptures as evidenced in Paul's Epistle to the Corinthians
sick, and made 88,140 special visits to the afflicted; gave aid (I Cor. 15 :29), '-'Else what shall they do which are baptised
to 6,803 families; prepared 2,193 bodies for burial and as- for the dead if the dead rise not at all? Why are they then
sisted missionaries' families in the sum of $2,735. 53. Theirs baptised for the dead?"
is a service without cost for it is voluntary. Every cent colThe renowned Dr. Milner, in his wonderful book, "The End
lected finds its legitimate end in charity work.
of All Religious Controversy," admits that the Catholic church
The Mutual Improvement association of young men and neither by the tradition of the fathers, nor their early writings,
women looks after the activities of more than 75,000 young is able to make an exposition of this principle of vicarious
people, not only in a social and religious sense, but in an econ- work, which seems to have been so well understood by the
omic. "The making of a citizen" being one of the chief Saints in the days of the Apostles. The making of prayers
thoughts entertained, it teaches the principles of citizenship, and doing of penance for the dead is an evidence today that
banking, railroading, manufacturing, mining, agriculture, art, · some ide~ of freeing them from purgatory, still obtains. The
music and domestic science. Men and women who have spec- Latter Day Saint believes that those who have died without a
ialized in these fields, travel at large among the people, teach- knowledge of Christ, from Adam until the last shall be born
ing them, and books· treating of these particular questions are in the earth, as well as honest souls who have died without a
<<2'ntinued on Page 37)
to be found in all the libraries of the Mutual Improvement as[Thi• article begins a senes by a number of prominent authorities
explaining. the substance of modern systems .o~ religion and ethi'."'l
thought. !be next arttcle wtll be on U.t~ohc•&m. Readers are mv1ted to express the•r opm10ns to the e<:htor.]
T
�twelve
The"
We,.tern
Comr"ade
/
Moonlight
By Marian Miller
A
YELLOW evemng glow covered the prairies with its
mellow mystery. The ~ld pond rippled its sur~ace,
· _, primrose from the west, m the same breeze that hfted
heavy brown curls on the girl's forehead. She drew in a full
breath of the dewey air-rich with -the cool, faint perfume of
willows and of wild roses.
Wild roses always brought thoughts of Joe! They were
his favorites. "I like ·'em because they're like you,'.' he had
once said, and the simple sincerity of his compliment had left
its glow in her heart, and it always warmed anew at the
fragrance of that dainty flower.
She closed her eyes, breathing deeply for a while. The
scented air was full of memories. She let her bosom fall
naturally, and the sigh that followed seemed to express more
than weariness. And then the moonlight on her uplifted face
showed that she was smiling, a little faintly, a little whimsically.
"Old Moon," she half whispered, "how can you make me
feel that way? Because you have practiced all these years
and years on all the lovers of the world? Did they fed like
this;. Could you make their hearts hurt, too? Mine never
felt quite like this before." She raised her arms in an unconscious gesture-she could not have told why-as to the
moon, but it trailed on unheeding. Somehow, she could not
bear its brightness longer~ and turning her back to it, she
leaned over the pasture gate, obscured by the shadows of the
drooping elms, so that she could scarcely have been seen from
the road. She hung over the wheezing old gate, moving it
monotonously back and forth; its sleepy creaking seemed
almost musical, and fitted into her mood.
What memories it revived! Recollections of -happy hours
with Joe, in the days before the responsibility of reasoning had
been thrust upon her by the story of her mother's love-the
story that had cast its heaviness over the last two Y!'!ars-two
years of college and travel-to "forget." How slowly that
time had passed-yet here she was, ·home again at last-home
in the out-of-doors of her childhood! A wee~ had passed-a
week of exploring the once familiar creek, of picking wild
strawberrie·s, hunting for hens' nests in the weedy orchard, of
climbing trees, of doing the hundred things of her tom-boy
days.
·
But after the first enthusiasm passed, her explorations became restless and aimless. There seemed to be nothing to do.
As for Joe-slle had not dared to ask about him for the story
of her mother had left its impress. Her eyes filled with the
tears that the thought always brought. These two years had
been shadowed by the resentment of that desertion. It was
a subject her •father never mentioned. Only once had he
talked about it-that evening two years ago, just before he
had sent her off to college. The memory of that evening was
indelibly fixed on her mind. She had lived it over and over,
and tonight she felt it coming again. At college she had
thrust it back-but tonight, with that breeze now laughing,
now -wailing in the elms above her-tonight, with the alternate dark and moonlight, and the breath of the roses--Joe's
wild roses!-she had to live it all over again. She could see
it all-not a detail escaped her.
She remembered how she had crept out to the wide porch,
where her father was having his evening smoke. It was a
peaceful August evening with a sky of stars. She had gone
to her f~ther wist~lly, shyly, with,the intu!tion of the growing
woman m her telhng her not to disturb hts reverie. But she
was terribly, terribly lonely.
She had settled herself on the step beside him, and snug· gled against his shoulder. For a long time she was quiet, and.
then, pulling his grizzly face down against her cool, smooth
cheek, she had said, "Daddy-daddy, please don't send me
away tomorrow." He had dropped his pipe with a .clatter,
and his arm·s tightened about her, holding her close, close for
a while, crushing his face against her hair. At last he said:
"Jimmie, you're the only boy I've got, but you're gettin' to
be almost a man now, so I reckon you're old enough to--to
know."
His voice broke then , in spite of his attempt to be playful,
and of his use of the old endearments.
· ·
Then he had straightened, thrusting her almost roughly from
his arms, and after lighting his pipe with shaking fingers, he
had puffed viciously for a while.
.
"Jimmie," he said, "I've called you Jimmie since you was
a little tike, partly 'cause I wanted a boy then and I sorter
got the habit before I learned to be glad you were a girl, and
partly 'cause I haint cared much for wimmen folks sincesince" he gulped, and started again.
"When it all happened, I moved out where nobuddy knowed
me, and when you got big enough to ask questions, I told you
your mother was dead . . Well, Jim, she is dead as far as you
and me is concerned, but, dead-she ain't! "
She still remembered the cold horror that had seized her
then.
"I never told you, jim, because your mother was a good
woman-and for your sake- well, I couldn't. I guess I
wouldn't be tellin' this now if it wasn't for you and Joe"She could still feel how her already fluttering heart pounded
at this, while breathlessly she waited.
· .
"And I thought that, maybe, tellin' you this, wouiQ keep you
from makin' the mistake we made."
He pulled his old blue handkerchief out, blew his nose vilently, and puffed meditatively for a while. His voice, when he
spoke, had a far-away sound.
'The first time I seen your mother was one night when we
was invited to a party at old man Brema's-that was in Penn·
sylvania, still. The party was a surprise on his girl, who had
just come back from school. They had the biggest place in
the litttle cove, and was pretty well fixed, but people them
days was always neighborly and at any blow-out the whole
neighborhood was asked. The whole family, from the baby
to the ?randmother, and the hired hands, too, went. I was
a bashful . •lin' feller, but when I -saw that- pretty girl in white,
butted right 11 and asked to take her to supper, and hung
around all evening. After that, I waited on her steady. I·
don't know why she had anything to do with me- she was so
little and dainty and lively-like, and all the dudes from the
Seminary used to come out to see her. She liked them all,
but somehow, when they'd begin to make fun of me, she'd
flare up and say-"He's as good as you are, if he's not so
stylish!" He had stopped smoking now. "Her folks didn't
want her to go with me, much, because she was so much above
me. She was a clev.er woman, your mother was."
"Well. one night we got married and run off to Ohio. I had
borrowed some money, and we got a little farm. But in them
early days we didn't have much. We lived away out from
town , with the nearest neighbors two miles away. Your
mother was a plucky little thing, but it was not life for her,
when she was used to so much. She missed her piano, and we
didn't have no books--nothin' but the country paper. I was
gone a lot, and when I was there, I wasn't the kind of a man
...
I
�Com•rade
'
I
for-.her,'l guess. She was too tine for me." His voice had don't fir .like them oth_s
quavered again, but with sudden determination, he went ·o n.
"But Joe is betier tllan
"Before you was born, she took gloomy -$pells, arid would sometime he wants to go
hardly talk for weeks at a time. When you come, that settled things I d~nd he's not
things for a while. But there was more hard times, and the can understand thiJ'nszs,_....eve:rvl:hin
"Yes, Jim, I know he's good,
winter you was two years old, you took sick, and we needed
money for the doctor. And so we boarded the school-teacher. woman forever, Jim. You'd get
He was one of the fellers from the Seminary that your mother forget hini, and· it ·r un't square to
"I couldn't forget him, Daddy;
used to know in Pennsylvania." His form had grown tenser,
and his hands opened and clenched. But he had forced him- such a nice · laug~nd why,
. .
"I guess- that was abo\it the
self to go on.
"That seemed to be what she needed-someone who could ~e. Jim. No doubt her f~lks told
talk Dickens and Pope and all them. I never had ·time to you now. But she couldn't see it
read much. He had a fiddle, too, that he used to play. She you to go off to college this year
would be absentminded-like, and sometimes I'd come in and yourself-and Joe. You'll see a
find her cryin' over your cradle. I didn't think so much about there more your kind. And rerne:~nt>er
it, till one night--" again he choked.
treat him !.ike--"
"Daddy-don't! " she had cried.
· He stopped suddenly. They sat in
"I got to, Jimmie. Well, I knowed then she cared more for Those few minutes-. had been an
him than she did for me. She was always too good for me, heaved and her ml~d was whirring.
anyhow. She was gritty and she said she'd see it o.ut, for ·near''1'11 do it, Daddy, for Joe's sale$:."
.
there was you. But I said-there was him, too. She said
there would be a terrible scandal-for such things was unThe rest seemed confused. · She could
common them days--and she would stay for our sake and not cept that she had promised not to write to
ruin our lives. But I figured they was pretty well ruined had promised she could come back to hiin,
already. It was hard to decide about you. I didn't want to of college, she felt the same. Finally, she
take you away from your mother-and yet-I hated to give for they both had their sorrow-a sorrow that
you up. So she settled it. She said she'd taken enough from alone. She had run to her room, stumbling
me already-she'd leave you, and take what she wanted most. creeping into her bed, she had cried and
It wasn't that she didn't want you. I'll never forget that night night. Finally her sobs died down and she
she parted from you-but it was me - -"
exhaustion.
1(.
:to ¥
For a while it had seemed that he could not continue. At
length he began more hastily.
The gate gave a sudden creak, and the girl
"It took a good while to get a divorce--of course, I had to swinging it, realized that she was again
blacken myself to do it, but I didn't care then. Afterwards memory of that night. She had gone back two
I took you, and come to Kansas--got a claim. It was hard she had re.covered them. All that had been,
work, with the droughts and grasshoppers, and lookin' after And now joe-what of Joe? She had heard of
you. But I kept on, for I wanted you to grow up. to be a directly and occasionally, for she had kept her
fine lady, so's you could meet fine fellers and never marry a had met other boys--and more boys--at .
were always coming around. And she had we:IC<)m,ec
common plug like your mother did."
"Daddy!-dont say that! Your'e the best man in the ·seeking to drown that story of her mother, and the
world," she had cried between sobs.
joe. She had made many friends, and sometimes one
"No, Jimmi~. a man that haint got no education can't be be so absorbing th11t she was sure that she had tor·aot~t..r
the same to a woman as these college fellers. He's too rough, some mannerism, some voice that reminded her
his,
and he don't know what to do to a woman. He's li'ble to denly took her back to the old days, and she knew that
get careless-like, and he can't say such nice things as them quickening of her heart, the sudden flooding warmth, was
dandies." · A bitter twinge in his voice hurt her, and she Joe!
could only put out her hand and say, "Daddy!" again.
But she had tried to reason, and these two years
"I done my best to raise you like a boy, so's you could see changed her viewpoint. At school she was given li
things a man's way. But I didn't notice you was growin' up room-mate, who was specializing in sociology, and
so .
even after you had been to High school and run guided her reading into serious channels. She had
around with. the boys week-ends. I was glad you and Joe had herself changing from the careless, happy school girl to a
grown up like brother and sister, for joe's father was my pard student with an analytical mind, weighing everything- she read
-the only man who knew- and I wanted you to play with or thought of. She became absorbed in the study of feminism;
boys. But somehow I didn't notice you and joe had-had-" of the reasons for the relationship of man and woman. And
Her hand tightened on his and the thrill of her pulse filled her basis for concrete application had been herself and Joe.
her with something th'lt softened tragedy.
As her father had prophesied, she had learned to s~ . things
"Well, Jimmie, you know what I mean-and that's why differently. She had . studied all the arguments "fcri and
I told you. Joe's a good boy, and all that, but he's something against" Joe. His mind, suited to solving the probl$mS · of
like I was--he don't know much, or how to act--or-"
everyday life, would never attempt abstract reasoning ( h~
"But, Daddy-he's the best fellow! So big and good."
was humorous, patient, honest, kind, and a natural-born gen• ·
"I know, Jimmie, but that ain't it. You're young now, and tleman; but she would never find in him the wit, subtlety,
in a couple of years, you won't think or talk the things Joe reasoning power, and broad interests of the older men of the
does. You'll live in a sort of a different world. · He ain't · little circle in which her room-mate moved; indeed,
good enough-"
were lacking in the average college boy, and how could
"But he's as good as I am!" she had stormed. And he's expect- to measuure Joe by such a standard?
polite, and does everything for me."
And yet, Joe possessed much that the others had not.
"But that ain't it, Jim! He says 'ain't,' and his clothes
(Continued on Page 33)·
�...
.In Funny Land
The Best of Humor Clipped Here and There
to Slaort Dresses
"Whilt makes you so late?"
of daughter's dresses for the party she's
realize that she's quite grown up ~ow."
A Nature Study
that noise?" asked little James,
in the park;
you hear," his father said,
the dogwood' • bark."
why the dogwoods bark,"
"with such to-do I"
father said, " they hear
pussy-willows mew."
- Cleveland Leader.
Self Evident Fact
the very dirty tramp al the back door, "can
that lost his job three weeks ago and ain't been
since?"'
a job was it?" asked the lady.
in a soap factory."
to be seen that you were not discharged for disYork World.
How He Helped
to assert," said the lecturer, "that there isn't a man in this
has ever done anythin\l to prevent the des truction of our
man in the back of the hall stood up·.
woodpeckers," he said.-Boston Transcript.
Foreign Lady in Pharmacy
take it mil me."
Tlae Noble Weaker Sex
The weaker sex
Is that portion
. Of the human race
Who goes down town
In zero weather
ln a half-masted lace waist
And pumps
To buy a muffier
And woolen socks
for her husband
So he can go to work.
-Arkansas Gazelle.
At tbe Colored Cabaret
"Mandy, am yoah program full?"
"Lawdy, an, Mr. Applewhite, it takes mo' dan two sandwiches an' a
cup ob tea to fill mah program."--Longhorn.
"Knocked" on Wood
"See here, waiter," exclaimed the indignant customer, "here's a p1ece
of woOa in my saiMage !"
"Yes, sir," replied the waiter, "but I'm sur..-.,r--"
"Sure nothing! I don' t mind eating the dog, but I'll be hanged if I'm
going to eat the kennd too I"
Ruth rode ii. my ne\ cycle-car
In the seal in bad: of me;
I took a bump at fifty-live
And drove on Rutlolessly.-Ex.
A Futile bperilloeot
William Williams hated nicknames. He used to say that most fine given
•
ere ruined h abbreviations. which was a sin and a shame. "I
he sUd, -~~ one of six brolhers. We were all given good. oldOariatiall - . hu:t all those names were sbortmed into mean-
ingless or feeble monosyllables by our friends. I shall name my children
so that it ~ill be impracticable to curtail their I names.'
The Williams family, in the course of time, was blessed \vith five children,
all boys. The eldest was named after the father-William. Of course,
that would be shortened to· "Will" or enfeebled o "Willie"-but wait! A
second son came and was -christened \Villard. "Aha!" chuckled Mr. Williams. "Now everybody ~II have to speak the full names of each of
these boys to distinguish them."
In pursuance of this scheme the nex t three sons were named \Vilbert,
Wilfred, and · Wilmont.
They are all big boys nows. And they are respectively know to their
intimates as Bill, Skinny, Butch, Chuck, and i(id.-Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Undoubtedly .
Miss Wilcox had been giving the class an elementary t~lk on archi tecture.
"Now," said she, "can anyone in the ' class tell me what a buttress is?"
Little Walter arose, his face beaming with a quick Rash of intelligence.
"I know," he shouted, "a buttress is a nanny goat."
On Time
Roorwalker.- " Hurry out, madam, the store's afi re.
Mrs. Bargains.-"Oh, is it? Then I'll just wait for the fire sale.''
Just Works
"Is your son engaged in any manual occupation?"
"Oh. no; nothing so high-brow as that . He jest works by the day.""Baltimore American."
A Fairy Tale
Dear liule Maudie awoke about 2 o'clock the other morning, and asked
rr.ama to tell her a fairy tale.
"It's too late, darlin g," mama replied. "Dada will be in shortly, and
he'll tell us both one."- Life.
Ended the Good Time.
"A general good time w,as .had by all until about eleven o'clock when
fruit salad and cake were served by the B. B. E. Club."- Presco tt, Ia., paper
When will they leach cooking in the public schools ?-S t. Louis "Globe:
Democrat."
The Wores Half Still
He had to quote Kiplin g to hold his own with this bri ght young lady.
So he lightly did so:
"As Kipling says, my dear, 'Woman is a rag, a bone, and a hank of
hair!"
"And man," she smiled sweetly, "is a jag, a drone, and a tank of air."
Which served very nicely to change the subj~ct.
Disappointing .
He gazed into her lovely eyes
With some ·concern.
A love affair, so you surmise.
Read on and learn.
He gazed away, but not with bliss, ,
We heard him wheeze,
"'You have astigmatism, miss,
Ten dollars, please."
- Kansas City Star.
Involved Vociferosity
"Gentlemen of the jury."' declaimed the allomey for the plaintiff, addressing the twelve Missouri peers who were sitting in judgment and on
their respec tive shoulder blades in a damage l>uit against a grasping corporation for killing a cow, "if the train had been running as slow as it
should have been ran, if the bell had been rung as it should have been
rang, or the whistle had been blowed as it ought to have been blew,
none of which was did, the cow would not have been injured when she
was killed."
"
Mark Twain's Prize Joke
The New York Bookman says that at a spiritualist demonstration held
recently Mark Twain appeared and lictated a short story to a lady. After
the dictation of the story was completed the typist remarked, "If1 pretty
short for a book."' There came thiS reply:
"Did you ever know about my prize joke? One day I went to church
heard a missionary sermon, was carried away-to the extent of a hundred
dollars. The preacher kept talking. I reduced my ante to 6fty dollars.
He tall<ed on. I caii!e down to twenty-five. to len, to 6ve, and afta be
bad said al he had in him. I stole a nickel from the basket. Reason for
youndves.-
�•
_,_J
Gems ·of CQmment lrom -Current P.erio_~icais
Americans J.; not want life in their literature. In real life they hate vestments 'are "capitalis; " :.nd opposed to their
the lies- of convention: But in their novels they want a hero I00 per - son Villard, "Atlantic Monthly,"
'
cent pur~. and he must win out-or the book is a failure.-Abrahain
The Bolsheviki are . not and never. have been
Cahan, ''Kansan City Star."
1
-in Russia -for four months, · and I never· saw better
Since the war began, the- losses of Germany have been an average of six montlis as I saw then.-Col. W. B. Thompson, ·
more than 1200 men actually killed every day throughout the three years
The decisive battle of the war will be fought in
of war.-David Starr 1cndan, "The Public."
Any hope that Russia will fight again has little
: When the 'program now under way is completed, we will have the
Arthur Ruhl, "Collier's"
largest number of modem destroyers of any nation in the' world~Edwin
White women who have born a Child to a black
Wildman, "The Forum."
_
bear children afterwards to white men, to have
It has been estimated that In the period of thirty years between the from the first mate to show an effect on the
twenty-fiflh and fifly-fifth year of manhood, one individual will proBartels, "Critic and Guide." duce the prodigious number of 339,385,500,000 spermatozoa.-William
The experiments of physiological chemists have
1. Robinson, "Critic and Guide."
sized adult can get along on 118 grams of protein,
-The diet of the average person in the United St'!teo is obtain_ed from
hydrate, and 50 grams of fat a day, which dietary
the following sources: 39 percent animal; 31 percent ~creal; 25 per- 3000 calories.-"Medical Record.'' ·
cent fruits and vegetables; and 5 percent sugar and cond1ments.-Charles
In time of 'war, the laboter who lays down his tools
1. Brand, Unit~d Stales Food Bureau, "The Forum."
quite like the soldier who throws down hii gun
It is the irony of history that the official "pacifism" of Wilson, as well Bruce Mitchell, "The Forum.'' ·
as the "oppositional pacifism" of Bryan, should be the chief instruments
Competent syphil~logists maintain ·that there are
for the accomplishment of this task: THE EDUCATION OF THE MASSES
syphilis in the United States today.-1ohn -H. Quayle,
JO MILITARY IDEALS.- Leon Trotzky, "Class Struggle."
Pure communism was the economic and · so~ial gospel
No effort was ever made to discover whether the American people
and every act and utterance which may --properly be
favored conscription. No nation ever made such an effort with the exaffirms it.-Eugene V. Debs , "Social Revolution." ception of Aus tralia, and there it was twice overwhelmil\iiY defeated.Scoll Nearing, "The Call Magazine."
This -war th reatens the very essence of the Russian revolution, its
democracy. An early peace is, therefore, indispensable for the success of
the Russian revolution.- Karl Kautsky, "Oass Struggle."
Our working class is distrustful and suspicious of certain cif the labor
leaders who have come closest to the governmen t.__:_ordway Tead,
"Century."
Our F re~ch cathedrals are superior to the English and German ones by
the greater sculptural expression displayed in them. The German Gothic
is characteristically hard.-August Rodin, "North American Review."
In this world strike against autocracy, the German is a scab. As a
Socialist, my duty is to help defeat that scab:- Rose -Pastor Stokes,
"Century."
Statistics show thai four-fifths of the greatest biological, sociological,
psychological and physical scientists in the world do not believe in a
God.-]. E. Remsberg, "Truth Seeker."
After the war, there will be much outspoken atheism and anti-religion
_:_H, G. Wells, "London Guide."
The American censorship, which should be the faire~ l and best in ex_is!e!Jce;, is actually the worst in exis tence.-Wy the Williams, "New Yo;k
T1mes.
One million American working men have left their wo rk for shorter or
1- Hendrick,
Colher s. .
.l.on g~r i_nr.~rv al s on strike during the last six months.-Burton
If India is going to cease to be an international. menace, she must obtain her independence, or at leas t, her autonomy, and enter the council
of nations as an equai.-Lajpat Rai, _ ''Intercollegiate Socialist."
After the war, Hen ry Ford hopes to sell for $250 a tractor that will
plow an acre per hour.- 1oseph Brinker, "Collier's."
The flesh of lizards, the iguana particularly, is delicious, the flavor resembling that of chicken.-Professor A. M. Reese, "Scientific Monthly."
Defects of vision have now been found to be associated with deviations
from the normal in the shape of the eyeball, which ought to be a perfect
sphere.~Mary Dudderidge, "Scientific American.''
Daylight diplomacy is no more a reality in Washington than it is in
Berlin.-Scott Nearing, "The Call Magazine.''
He, who at this hour, wants to discuss the rightfulness or wrongfulness
of this war, is an unwise, if not unpatriotic, citizen.-Vice-President
Thomas H. Marshall, "The Forum.''
The man who now works for peace, while Germany is unc~nquered, is
the worst enemy of peace anli harmony:-'Ineodore Roosevelt, "Kansas
City Star."
The manes are convinced that the newspapers with heavy capital in-
The American plutocracy is magnified, deified and_ coJ~secn•tec
task of making the world safe for democracy.-Scotl
Magazine."
Three percent of the population own all the land values
States.-Luke North, "Everyman.''
Throughout the United States today,
lhe same historical forces which have welded the thirteen
into the nation of the United States of America are weldil}g
fragments of the civilized world into t~e United States of 'the
Louis Boudin, "Class Struggle.''
-··
Thomas Paine said that every individual is mad once in
hours, for were he to act in the day as he dreams at night, he would
confined for a lunatic.-W. M. Van der Weyde, "The Trutliseeker."
A mea(, potato. and white bread diet is one of the most
that can be had.-"Wha t to Eat."
In India, more than one-fourth of the revenues are spent for niiliiary
purposes and less than one-twentieth on education.--Lajpat Rai, "lntercollgiate Soci~list."
•
We must be prapared to expect the day when the Englishman and the
American can no longer freely converse, each speaking ·his native tongue.
-C. Jefferson Weber, "North American Review.''
Spaniards desire to remain neutral in the Great War because the majority
of them are Germanophiles, or, rather, because they are thorough enemies
of England and France as well as the United States.-T. H. Pardo De
Tavera, ;·century."
2,867 colored men have been lynched and burned and tortured duripg
the last thirty years. -Dr. W. E. B. DuBois, "Intercollegiate Socialiat." ,
The Swedish are blaming America for the ir food shortage; they think
our altruistic talk is only a hypocritical method of starving them into the
war.-Arthur Ruhl, "Collier's'
The Russian democracy showed Woodrow · Wilson and other' Allied
statesmen how much better it 'is to talk democracy into a nation than
to shoot it into a people.:-Louis P. Lochner, "People's Council Bulletin."
I am surprised to hear the same people assure me thai compulaoey- ·
religion, such as required attendance at college chapel, is the foe 'to the
spirit, but that compulsory -military servic!' is the sure and sufficient guarantee of patriotism, unselfishness and what not.-Norman M. Thomas,' "Intercollegiate Socialist."
The plain people of ·all the warring countriea were always
this war.--Robell La Follette, "La Follete'a Magazine.''
(
�:
-.Louisiana-ing
By Robert
the January-February Western Comrade) .
w~ll described it when he saia the
traveling could all be seen in any valley
great deserts. What struck nie was the
Far, far away mt:'Uiljtains shimmered in beltwE~en lay miles upon miles of level sage.
s1des, these vast valleys of 50 and I 00
like floors of gray. The play of light
·ever and anon, made these solitudes
pGssessing a wierdness awesome ~n mag~ ·
at Amboy. This place is remarkable. Not a
not a drop of water, save that which was
or so. The most i'mpressive thing about Amof the rock. I made a quick inspection
make ·beds. There were 700,000 acres iri this
I 1am :satisfied I picked the hardest spot of all.
·and Kenney dispute this. Enoc Irwin evidently
the hardest for himself, and probably got a mpund
slag, as he inquired long before of Dr. Jewett if
had anything good for bedsores.
. must raise coyotes around Amboy. It seemed as
had come down from the distant mountain to
welcome. A blood-curdling yell broke the pulsating
out of the blackness came wails, yells, groans and
. I am convinced that one of them came within three
of my ear and yelled, although Babb said it ~as ~ru~l
· them. I know it was a coyote, for Bruel s voice IS
and deeper. ·
in the evening we were entertained by a traveling
said he had just been to Stables, Louisiana, and
the land well. He said the finest watermelons grew there,
to mention the sweet potatoes and other vegetables. He
enthusiastic, and when he left, the delicious memory
described edibles, mingled with Enoc's stew and our
bologna, tore us between conflicting emotions.
We left Amboy early in the· morning and traveled over roads
composed of volcanic :slag and granite. Our cars would
stretch apart like rubber string, come together again, and repeat the process. The even hum of the motors made us all
feel secure and confident. We offered up thanks that Henry
. Ford's mechanical mind made it possible to penetrate wilds
such as this.
,
We then· thought of the early pioneers who trod these trackless wastes, inspired and led on by the lure of gold. In
· retrospect, we lived their lives and braved their perils and
suffered their hardships. We thought of tQ_e long, long days,
and cold, comfortless nights, and we dreamed ·with them their
dreams of a roseate future when their journey's end was reach·ed. We looked into haggard faces and· saw gaunt forms
wearily trudging beside the o:x:en or the mules and we saw
them lie down never to rise. The ruminating mystery of these
great stretches of hopeless and ·appalling solitudes mulls over
tlie tragedies of countless hundreds who dared the forbidden
wastes and the white bones of caravans are silently lying beneath shifting sands and gone down to the "tongueless silence
of the dreamless dust," their dreams bt!t memories in the
heavens, which at times comes out of the heights and stirs the
' hopes again 'of a new age.
' Marvelous was the energy and strong was the purpose that
animated these trail~breakers who wended their way toward
the setting sun. Their paths still wind but today the saucy little ·
car travels· these terror-stricken spaces wilh ease and safety.
JC. WiII i a m·s··
\
•
.
.
.
'
Toward evening we arrived .in a hilly country. We climbed
for several hours, and as w~ descended, the gloom of njglit
deepened. Imagine our delight when about 9 o'clock we
beheld a cheerfu1 fire! With a chorus of yells, we greeted' the
crowd around the bla~e. and were immediately asked to join
them. After eating supper, Fred Allen got out his violin' and
began playing. An iinpromptu concert was given our st~anger
· friends, and after the vocal and string efforts were over, we
conversed over the camp fire. The strangers said that they
wete mus~cians from Globe on their way to .Los Angeles, where ·
they hoped to find work in a cabaret. They said that bu·si~
ness in Globe was slack, that a musician led a dog's life there.
There was one young man, handsome as a picture, enwra~
ped in music. He had a very lovely young wife ·who was enwrapped in him and together they were much enwrapped rand
happy. At least she said so. She said more nice things about
Harry than I ever heard any woman· say. She would say:
"Now Harry, you are the best pianist in · Globe, aren't you,
Harry?" Harry would say he supposed he was but that there
might be others. "No, no," she would.say, "You are the best
musician in the world," and patting his cheek with her dirty,
little, symmetrical hand, she made a picture to.o nice for words
in the flickering light of the camp fire. Harry, of course, finally succumbed and laid down on a pile of blankets at her
feet. She leaned over toward me and said that Harry was
really the best musician in Globe. When she saw that I was
impressed, also John Suhre, who was in a receptive mood be~
side me, she gave· us much domestic news. She said they left
Globe with $30 in their pockets and were hoping to work their
. way to Los Angeles. Then, seeing that John and I were in~
tensely interested, she began to give us an organ recital. She
had been to a hospital where several doctors had toyed with
this organ till now she didn't have an organ that was worth
a "darn." They had all been meddled with and nicked here
and there, so that she had the funniest feeling in the chest and
thought she might ha.ve consumption. And finding out that
we had doctors with us, asked: "Do you think I have consumption'?"
Looking at her plump, rosy face, and perfectly delightful
profile, we didn't have the hardihood or cruelty to confirm her
suspicions. I was tender hearted and allowed John to answer.
John, ever dealing .with concrete things, he being a plasterer
by trade, said: "Why, lady, you haven't the remotest· sign of
consumption." John couldn't see her any better than I, yet
he spoke right up and gave her assurance. It made her feel ·
much better. She then told us that in addition to a distressing
organ, some of her bones were ·misplaced ~nd she asked us
what we thought was the ·cause of the .Qig lump on the back
of her neck. I was going to pass this by without an explana~
tion when Suhre blurted out a lot of gratuitous information
about me being the finest bone doctor in the country. In fact.
he said, I was a much better bone doctor than Harry was a
musician, and if she wanted to know anything about bones
she was to ask me. John always did like me and I thanked
him and turned toward this young lady, for she was charming
and lisped enough to make her seem younger than she was.
So we gave her a learned dissertation on bones, winding up
with the information that, contrary to anatomy, it was discov~
ered that there was but one bone in the heads of ninety per
cent of the people. She was surprised at this and then the
conversation became general. ·
The people who had not entered the conversation began to
tell of miracles of bonesetters and the rapid recovery of many
(>C1)ple. Then gila-monsters, centipedes, tarantulas. scorpions,
�Comr~de
p~gs, reptiles, ·and eveiy known poisonous insect and serpent
extremely thirsty/ I chewed a portion of the
came in for discussion. .Enoc said for us not to be worried as
now can taste· it. We ate breakfast and
only blunt-headed reptiles were pois~nous and ~e could easily that we couldn't see it-Enoc and Monahan
distinguish the djfference.
Babb and Jess Morris ta:king the other, both
We left our good friends and rolled into bed with a feeling Phoenix.
that Enoc's information about blunt-headed reptiles wasn't
On the way, Babb had me snap a · pictl,lre
very consoling. Someone suggested putting a rope around our leaned his sturdy hand on one of those cacti
_beds as no self-respecting snake would cross a ro~ because · a fake picture. · He protected/ his hand'- with
the fuzz on the rope would tickle his stomach. This seemed brush twigs-no-man with impunity can fondle
· ·
foolish to us but we kinked up a rope and encircled our beds. thorny vegetable_s.
We camped at Buckeye and arrived at Phoe1ni'l,·l
A small-rock came rolling down and made me open my ·eyes,
and by the flickering camp fire queer shadows wer~ thrown on · At the Ford agency we found Enoc and Monahan.
the rock beside me: Someone had carelessly thrown a bed- car was in distress and it ·was reported he would
rope on that rock. That fool rope curled around and twisted one o'clock.
After replacing a truss rod which had been
~nd swayed under the wavering light more than any snake
you ever saw. I would close my eyes and then open them violent wrenching of the car, we felt free to
quickly, but still the rope kept moving. Being unable to stand town. We found a delightful, up-to-date city of
was bustling with people.
.
• the eerie sight, I -got up and moved the rope.
Leaving Phoenix late, the afternoon .quickly
At this moment someone was in the midst of choking to
death. He would take in great gobs of air, saw it awhile in of alfalfa were passed and great irrigation
his sawmill arrangement, and then blow it out of an exhaust . Droves of cattle on the roads held us up while
entirely too small. The noise was ferocious but prorecting. filled fields. Cottonwood trees lined the roads
It is a good thing the concert continued in our camp, for not showed signs of prosperity. . After traveling hundreds
through wastes of sage and mountain country, the bit
one of us was bitten or disturbed by any sort of animal.
In the strangers' camp, however, where they had no such and water and trees thoroughly rested the soul: We halted for the night at Chandler. After a·
protection, a bug, ambling about in the dark, discovered our
little friend of the nice complexion and disarranged bones, mulligan stew, Fred Allen got his violin and soon
and crawled into her ear. With a scream that shook the shad- air was pulsating with strains of Llano's old h111nr•h•~
ows of the canyon, she jumped up and raced to John Van struck up "Shadowland" which seemed so ,.n,unnri..t..
Nuland, who was making the breakfast fire. Every man jack joined in and made the night musical.
Camp was broken early and w·e struck a
of us raised up on our elbows and gave advice. John grasped
her firmly and held her ear toward the fire, hoping the bug nine o'clock we came to Ag!Ja Fria, river. A problem
would come out. Then Enoc came along and said that was fronted us. Evidences of struggle showed all about the
no way to do, but to get coal oil. T caring the young lady ing. The river was 100 feet wide, swift and _cold, as
from Van's strong arms, he nursed her for a while and dir- would indicate. An Indian, with his family; was on
ected John to call the doctor and get some oil. Dr. Jewett posite side, pulling and tugging at his wagon which wa-S
suggested sweet oil and warm water. With one shoe on, the buried in the sand and water.
We all got out at the top of the descent and started
young woman's husband appeared and assisted in holding her.
The bug still refused to come out. He wasn't hurt ing much, on his plunge. He struck the water with a splash, and
but messing around in the center of her head and making all ahead, water shooting up on either side of the car as
sorts of noises. She cried and kept saying the bug was killing geiser. Midway he sank into a hole, the engine coughed
her. Enoc insisted that she would live, and continued to fool matically a time or two and then died.
The prospect of taking a bath in that cold water:.
with her ear. John Van Nuland noisily fell over rocks trying
to find oil, and Anton Van Nuland spilled the water ~e was gooseflesh to rise on us. Hewever, there was nothing to
attempting to warm. Finally, through 'Enoc's mechanical skill, but to wade in and help him out. We pushed and pulled, to
the bug was removed. And really the bug was a big one, al- no purpose, while the water was chilling us to the bone. . ·
Finally the Indian was induced to pull us out on promise
most as big as a pea. To have left that bug in her head would
help him. By this time.jess drove up and De Boer, Allen
have disturbed her for a long time.
At Needles, we bought oil, gas and tires, and filled up with Ginsberg aided materially. Soon -we ·had the Indian o~e-r
-""'ater. Enoc had been having amazing luck with his tires. he went on his way happily. Jess got over without -mishap.
_
·
So to fortify himself against future trouble, he bought two We helped several cars across.
We soon saw that if we didn't hurry our job would be a
new tires, puting one on and reserving the other. We rolled
out of the picturesque town and started over serpentine roads continuous one. Putting on our shoes, we rushed away toon the crest of a draw, Enoc leading, making fast time. We wards Tucson, arriving there at 4:20 in the afternoon;
The ~inth day from Llano, Nov. 24th, saw us on our Way
suddenly stopped- the new tire blew out!!! I never knew
the inefficacy of the English language before. He repeated the to Demmg. We passed through a vast grazing country. •The
words over and over again. It was astonishing to note his roads we.re excellent. Rodeo, N. M., was reached early in
limitaton. However, with all his handicap he got the tire off ~he ~ormng.. Here we saw the first saloon since leaving Cal- ·
1forma. Wh1skey was $3 a pint which was not conducive to
and a new one on. .
Much of the country we passed through contained mines. copius consumption. Rodeo is an ancient lookin·g place.
We saw evidences of prospecting here and there, and a good many a?obe buildings gave it an aged appearance. The day
sized mining village some twelve miles west of Wendon, where was delightful and the country beautiful. Hills rounded and
we camped. The country is barren of anything green, save covered with dry grass gave the appearance' of an ocean.
the giant cactus, towering twenty and forty feet in the air. There was not much variety to the scener-y. The roads were :1
I've often heard how the faint and wearied traveler, -stagger- good and we rolled in Deming, N. M., after dusk. We went
ing up to this life-saving plant and gashing a hole in its thorny to the Ford agency and inq~ired for the others; they had.not
hide, thrust his face in it and revived under the influence of appeared, but -as we were talking, Enoc drove in. After hia
the gushing waters. I tried it and recommend it only to the
(Continued on Page 36)
The
�--
--
. .....
Mad!
By Job Harriman
American Review" is the champion of autoAmerica:
and his staff possess all the instincts of
knowing Llte source of their thoughts.
but not scholars. With the rqost brilliant Ian-.
persuade themselves that they are students of the
as a matter of fact, they are only uncovering the
ae1oaLrcnen•,~ of their own minds.
no understanding of the processes at work in
but finendishly cry for the wholesale murd~r of
their blind and vicious impulses.
to war to make the world safe for democracy,
in the long catalog of immoral and wanton wars
the page of history, there would be no war more
more wanton than this. We are NOT FIGHTING
THE WORLD SAF£ FOR DEMOCRACY, BUT
THE WORLD SAFE FOR US."
wickedness of the German people is in their blood; it
and poison of their blood that have made the
people a nation of savages. You can no more separate
government from the German people than you
te the bite of a mad dog from his blood."
"IT IS OUR DUfY TO KiLL GERMANS."
.
· "Lenine and T rotzky looted the government;" "Lenine and
T rotzky are Hunish puppets;" "International Socialists are the
predestined betrayers of nations."
All this and more in face of the fact .t hat this mosnerrible
of _all wars broke out between the capitalist governments of
the world, while · the international Socialists were crying peace
to ·all the people of the ~orld! The Socialists are now chant. ing the songs of brotherhood. They are calling to the working men and soldiers to retreat, while crowns· fall and thrones
decay. They see the downfall and dissolution of capitalist ·
governments and the rise of a world parliament. They are
leading in the formation of a new world federation. They see
the world of capitalism dissolving and a new image of brother-,
hood forming on the panoramic screen of nations. They see
that the sword and · the spear must be beaten into plowshares
and pruning hooks. They see that the literal fuifi"llment of
the vision must be; that implements of war must be converted into agricultural implements, or the people will starve.
They see that Lenine and T rotzky are but the voices of millions crying in a world wilderness.
The see the wiping out of national debts;. the fall of colossal fortunes; thet passing away of ambition, tyranny and
greed; the coming of peace and plenty for those who work.
If this be the betrayal of nations, THEN BLESSED BE. HE
WHO BETRAYS!
Pierre
By Paul Eldridge
IERRE was the scap~-goat of R--. in the south of their heads, and lament,- "And Pierre still here!"
Wherever Pierre walked, wherever he sat, a crowd was about
F ranee, for every town, particularly small ones, must
have scape-goats. People, like tiny godlets, will have him, laughing at him, nodding their heads in sorrow and pity,
one to mock, to laugh OYler, to sermonize about, to spit turning their faces in disgust. The people never tired of this,
And Pierre was a fine specimen: He was a hunchback, and Pierre like some hideous Chinese divinity, heard and saw
an1g~;eu one leg after him as though it had been a strange and was silent. Only the pregnant women would shun him
attached to his body, and ms face was pockmarked. and hide their faces at his sight, and talk of a hundred inhis life depended upon their charity. From day to coherent things, that they might not conceive a child resemday, the people of R-- could say, "Pierre shall continue to bling him.
War was declared, and all the men of R-- that could
live tomorrow, or he shall die!" With the quick cynicism of
one who has seen the depths of the hearts of men, Pierre uq- bear arms or be of service to . the government, were called ·
derstood, and thought: "Let them feed me. · They need me." away. The town became still, save for the sudden piercing
And he never attempted to do the slightest labor. Like some cry of some woman who had received evil news, or the stifled
animated and. mutilated sphinx, he looked upon the world, ex- sobbings of old men who hid their bearded faces on their :
chests. Pierre saw arid und~rstood, and he thought, "They
pecting her scorn as well as her tribute.
Pierre had no definite age. He lived, one might say, in etern- shall feed me. They need me! " · And he was fed, and the
ity. Everybody at R-- seemed to have -always known him. eyes of the women were more tender as they looked at him;
In prehistoric days, he might · have been considered the for, they thought, "Who knows what they have done to mine,"
founder, the patron-saint, of the town. Even now, there was or, "If mine should come back at least this way."
Every month the crippled returned to R- -, hideous remsomething like a sub-conscious awe about his presence.
Pierre had achieved the pinnacle of fame . He could boast nants, faceless, legless, armless, blind, deaf, insane. It seemed
were he a gentle poet<!5ter or a pompous politician, that never the earth was getting peopled with monstrous beings. And
a minute passed in the town of R- - but his name was pro- Pierre was becoming indistinct in this new humanity. No one
nounced, and his personality discussed. Mothers would threat- would dare mention his name as a warning, as a rebuke, as a
en their little children, "If you don't stop crying, Pierre shall jest, while always was staring the multitude of mutilated ones.
The town became accustomed to the new mankind, and
eat you!' And immediately the children would hush, while
their bodies continued to convulse in dumb protest. The .older learned to laugh again. And those who were still able to
children were threatened with Pierre's leg, or Pierre's face, if work, re-taught themselves their trades, or learned new ones
they would not study, and the greatest laggard would not which suited their present bodies.
The people forgot Pi·erre. He wandered about as a stranger.
hazard such a challenge. To emphasize their lover's beauty,
the young women would say, "Look at my own Pierre!" And He who was accustomed to receive the tribute of food and
:would -laugh, and the lovers would exult in their vanity. clothes upon stretching out his hand, now implored in vain.
Wheqever any citizen would die in his youth, all would shake
{Continued on Page 37)
all
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. Page ninereen
The Vice of Eati-ng Meat
By Emil Edward _Kusel
W
HEN on; evolves to the plane of humanitarianism of Adam. This pharisaical element advise better people than
(t1ot faddism, not crankism, not cynicism, not extern- themselves (the infidel, the atheist, the' agnostic) · to come to
ism, if you please, but HUMANITAR~ANISM) the one the Nazarene and "get saved!" The very fact that their
awful defect in Nature's handiwork tHat can be seen is His anthropomorphic .god has no feeling for his creatures proves
masterpiece, man. When viewed from the heights man is only to a nyone but a· ~yp0rcite that there is no LOVE, no HUabove. ·the beast in craft, graft, theology, science and art. MANITY, no TRUTH in their religion.
It is an utter impossibility to find a human beina who can
Ma n is verily an insignificant false alarm, so to spea k, when it
comes to spiritua l things. With all his ad vancement, fully . conscientiously contend iti favor of slaying animal:- he may
re~lizing tha t spiritua lity is dependen t upon clean ha!lds, d-:an "~ruff" to please his lower nature, but he canno; pull the
heart a nd clen 'l conscience, he has wrongfully retained the blmds over the eyes of conscience to satisfy a perverted pala te.
selfish idea that nothin!J has its place in the world save ft,r He full well knows that pain, s~,tffering and death inAicted
him to utilize and tha t he has a right to demolish whatever he. upon a brother creature is not a part of man's evolution to
desire; . Ma n, the intcEectual masterpiece, professing to ha ve a higher life . He may ask for what purpose were they erea God. heartlessly destroys all lower ·sentient life, contending a'ted, but the thought of his own purpose in life will answer
. .
that the economy of Nature and civilization necessitates man's .the question.
inh umanity.
·
The adherents of Christian .Science, · Roman Catholicism,
After hav ing seen·. the wounding of wild and domestic ani- Judaism, Protestantism, Theosophy, Spiritualism, N ew
ma ls and birds, a nd their subsequent suffering, fear a trd plead- Thought, Esoteric Christianity a nd all other so-called relia ions
ing, one can rightly estimate the small calibre of the religionist scientific religions, or religiqus sciences, are minus the"' ver;
standing behind his Bible telling of the
essence of God principle, from the
very fa ct that they do not consider
saving power of his imagina ry Sav~
the lower life-loving creatures under
iour when he (this deity) sta nds in the
background with no mercy to protect
BUTCHERY is positive evidenc.e
. God's mercy. All these religionists
·
a re fraudulent.
a11 innocent dumb crea ture from the
of man's depravi ty, b ecause tl
brutality of a host o f bloodthirsty, enYou will find may individuals who
proves beyond question the mprofess to be inveterate readers -a nd
lightened and civilized humans, or the
cruelty of one beast preying upon the
humanity of the hl\ma n family. All
scient.ific students confronting the Vegother.
etaria n with the appa rent loophole that
Slaying a sentient sensitive crea;ure
killing causes ho!·ror and suffe ring
vegetation has life when they posfo r food, like the slaying of the inand could not possibly be allowable
itively know there is a vast difference
tel ligent seal for furs, or the heron fo r
in the sight of a humane Creator.
between cellula r life and sentient life;
a igrettes. or the death penalty in re- .
they know of no d iscovery that vegc- .
paration for human murder, or the
The poor dumb brute we slaughter
tat ion has a nervous system ; they
cruel steel-tra pping of wild animals, or
is hell?less to .de fend itself, and man
know the pla nt life does not move
the inhuman pastime of b ull-fighting or
about, no r quiver, nor shriek, nor
takes its rfe-blood and feeds upo n
- h pain w hen b roken from the
groan wtt
vivisection in a n form is ethically and
esthettca )y indefensible, because conit s carcass.
body, a nd they know the line should
science aliows no man a lic.e nse to inbe dra wn at the destruction of life -.- ·
jure, or to _kill and d evour a sentient,
wherever such an act is repellant . to
Conscience
higher self, a nd they know the animal
life - loving creature.
p rompts ns to live acco rding to the Golden Rule, thereby unlike. the plan't, would defend itself were it not powerless
treating every creature as we ourselves want to be treated . while under the dominion of the human cawivora. When·Conscience will not a llow a n honest ma·n to hold to the pa- ever ·mankind· upholds slaughter by compa ring anima l life ~ith
ganistic piffle contained throughout the scriptures, nor will · cellula r pla nt life, -owing to the fact tha t both require air a nd
conscience allow a n honest ma n to respect the so-called re- · wa ter, rest assured that .that ma n· relishes Aesh food and his
ligion-o f the llesh-eating Bible-believer. As the Rev. Porteous lower nature, like the lower na ture of the ca rnivorous religionha:; silid : "Unlr ~ f- W<' a .-e as hypocrites we had better give up ist, is controlled through a perve rted (in!lUma n) pala te, thus
our foolish talk a nd Christian prayers about gentleness and accounting for his selfish, unscientific hypothesis.
love whi1e we lay hlood-3lained ha nds a tid ra venous lips upon
For the high principle o f ethical vegeta rianism there should
God 's; creatu res."
·
be no stone left unturned; there should be a veri table Wa terButchery is positive evidence of ma n's depravity, because loo against old-time carn ivorous piety, a nd every ma n should
it proves beyond question the inhumanity of the human fam- have the courage . of his convictions in all advanced thought
ily. · All kill ing causes horror a nd suffering and could not pos- movements. Eve ry individual should p rove himself an insibly be allowable in the sight of a humane Creator. The dispensable wa rrior in this great a nd noble cause, and yet
poor dumb brute we slaughter is helpless to defend itself, and the Huma nita ria n should recognize a ll men according to their
man takes its life-blood a nd feeds upon its ca rcass.
intelligence and moral development, a nd consider that each
The butcher cuts the throat of the lamb (wha t horrible in- individual is as he is because he cannot or will not qe otherhumanity) a nd delivers its little body to the cafeterias of the wise at this time ( a tempora ry ·condition-. With a few appliBib!e Institute, the Y. M. C. A., the Trinity Church and the cation o f TH.UTH , the uninformed, deluded masses ( slow of
Y. W. C. A., a nd every hallucinated pharisee .connected with growth) . will eventually evol ve but of external religion to a
these Babylonian institutions devours a portion of these ca r- sublime heretodox philosophy tha t shall stand the test of
c·asses as · a vulture would devour carrion. And then, after REASON. paving the way tq the grandest, noblest and most
having committed their cannibalistic inhumanity, they have the beautiful life upon earth 'as well as hypothetically beyond the
effrontery to prate about the works of the devil and the sin grave.
�Co-operati9n .and Efficie~cy Assu·r e
I .
t
.r
Children in their morn in ~ calisthenics. This is the
the school day and begins at 8:45.
f1r.sl ~ order
of
Anothe; v~ew of the same children. These exercises are g1ven by
an expe_rienccd physical' director.
O~e of the small houses which came with the purchase of the Llano
Plantation used for temporary housing.
·, •::; ~~o~: 300x 130 feet shed is b<
There is another sh·
�uccess
Looking across some of the newly tumed ground where the men are
clearing for this year's crops.
'ing remodeled for industrial uses.
cd almost as large.
One of the placid creeks ncar Stables. This 1s on the edge of the
Llano Plantation
Another little cabin. There a re perhaps fifty o;· sixty of about this
type. New temporary hou •es are now being built.
i
The foreground shows a platform which extended from the old sawmill to a shed. There are many such platforms .
......... _.
______
. One of the great lumber sheds which .has been dismantled and the
lumber used for other construction.
�Page twenty-two
The
Western
Comrade
Are Socialists .Anarchists?~
D
By Alanson
ID YOU favor the war?
If not, you are an anarchist, no matter what political
creed you profess to follow.
At least, that is what we Socialists are told during these
troublesome tiines. It is said that true Socialism presupposes
the . right of majority rule, and that if the Socialists oppose
tllli war and refuse to take part in it, they are not Socialists,
but anarchists.
·
It is amued in this criticism, f;ro;t, ~hat the American people
clamored for this v:ar ; and ~econd, that only declared -anarchists lwve the ri3ht to prot est <.: g<J imt the misru.Je of t~1e
majority. Let us investigate.
What is anarchy?
Anarchy is that philosophy that consists of a disrespect for
law- law which places the preservation of the State paramount to the prese rvation of the indi'vidual, and. of an opposition to centraliza ti01i of government control. The ideal of
the most radica l school of anarchy is the absence of compul. so ry law, a nd, in th~ case of collective effort, the substitution
of voluntary association.
The ideal of the Socialist is the existing system of government of .representa tive control, shorn of many of its archa ically cumbersome and undemocratic appendages. In addition , he would utilize the same system-with essential alterat·ions- in the realm of industry.
The Socialist sympathizes with the idyllic dreams of the
a narchist but realizes that a system of law must be continued
many ge nerations yet in order to obviate industrial and politica l chaos and indecision.
Again, although believing that minorities are entitled to a
much fairer representation in the councils of government that
they now possess, the Socialist heartily concurs in the elements
of majority rule.
However, the Socialist is no crank on the subject of state
management, per se. He believ·es jn government operation
a nd control, only in so fa r as it promotes the happiness of the
greatest number and safeguards the liberties of men. Socialism has enlisted the forces of progress on the side of the State,
a nd the rigo rs of war are completing what the ir.evitability of
industrial evolution and the ceaseless agitation of the Socialists, began, The Socialist is fundamentally as individualistic
as the philosophical anarchist, but he believes that only by
public ownership of the government and industry can im environment be so arranged whereby every person may be en. abled rationally and naturally to express his individuality. So
when the state ()rrogates to itself the prerogative of telling
men. and women what to eat and drink, and, far more importa;J t, what opinions to profess and express, the Socialist is
not contradicting his philosophy by registerii1g vigorous public
disapproval.
Says Woodrow Wilson: "We have forgotten the very principle of our origin. if we have forgotten how to object, how
to resist, how to agita te, how to pull down and build up, even
to the extent of revolutionary practices, if it be necessa ry to
readjust mallen;." (School Review, Vol. 7, p. 604).
The So(;ialist also recognizes the fact that were it not for
the rebel and the right of the people to kick and protest, society must of necessity become stagnant. The church for ceniuries tried to stamp out the freedom of the individual, and
thousands of cases of rebellion and martyrdom were necessary
in order that the world might be made free for expression.
And among the most revered and venerated men whose names
now gleam in the galaxy of the immortals, are those wh~
fought and suffere-d for that principle.
Sessions
At the present moment, it is not the church, but the STATE,
whose tyranny threaten.s to destroy individuality and progress.
The church used dogma; the State uses modern militarism.
To ~coff at the methods of the church was to be burnt at the
stake; to · scoff at the methods of the State is to invite more
humane treatment-to be shot.
Bertrand Russ·ell, unquestionably the clearest thinker on
·social problems in. the world today, says that the ·"state" in an
autocracy or in a "democracy" is not an impersonal institution
.as many sincere but deluded people suppose. Certain eiderly
gentlemen, of "ripe" judgment, are in control, whether elected
or appointed. Nearly all of these men are below the average
level of the community, says Russell, as the habit of power
tends to make men autocratic and tyrannous, and, as a rule,
this power is secured by .means not wholly creditable. As
James Bryce pointed out in his excellent and popular work on
"The American Commonwealth," the most valuable and greatest men in our republic have not held · the· political offices.
These gentlemen-elderly and mature- naturally do not view
wa r as it is viewt>d by thos~ who do the fighting. The pugnacious instinct, asserts Russ~ll. is by no means extinct in our
great statesmen. It crops out frequently; although it is invariably clothed in such lofty phraseology as a "fight for
right" or "to make the world safe for Democracy."
Continues Russell: "Victory is always highly desired by
those who share the least burdens and who receive the most
glory. And these are always the s1atesmen and the generals.
It is largely for these reasons that the people who hand themselves over to the unlimited control of the State are directing
their power toward ends more bloodthirsty than they would
, otherwise have chosen themselves."
Socialists realize this. And it is one of the more impor_tant
reasons why they are demanding- not inconsistently- the
right of the individual to judge for himself whether he will
engage in destruction "at the command of men less humane
than himself, or whether he will preserve inviolate the claim
that a man's own estimate of right and wrong should be the
ultimate arbiter of his own conduct."
Socialists favor democracy in government and in industry.
Is conscription, in its present form, democratic? Is it the
will of the majority? Do a majority of the people want il?
Does conscription-which is and must be arbitrary and compulsory.,-contain the elements of majority decision? Docs the
fact ihat at the time all the men in our country were asked
to register for military service- does the fact th at four: out
of every five claim exemption prove that conscription was de- ..
sired? If not, were Socialists inconsistent in opposing . conscription? Has conscription been submitted to referendum
vote? Have the common people expressed a desire thnt ou ;·
officials shall take the reigns in their own hnnds and drive
the cha riot of milita rism in any direction they wish?
Another thing : As only those between the nges of 2 1 ana
31 were affected by the draft law, is it democca;:c to aiiow
others to decide whether those affected shall be compelled to
serve in the war?
Was the war democratically declared?
Says Max Eastman: "The entrance of the United States
into the European War was not decided by ma jority rule. The
people in this country have felt secure in their geographical
location, a nd, divided in their r.eminiscent patriotisms, have abhorred the idea of carrying war into Europe. So universal
was this abhorrence tha t every tradition and prediction of political history was overthrown last fall, and WOODROW WILSON ELECTED TO THE WHITE HOUSE AS A PEACE
�-"'
I
~
The w~.tun.
J
~;
f
The official o~".m ·of the Navy i...easu~. "The Seve~ Seas
ISM, ROOSEVELTISM, AND WALL· SIREET UNITED IN Magazine," a ma_gazine read and' maintained by those. who
PRESIDENT IN 1HE FACE OF STALWART-REPUBuCAN-
· SOUD COMPACT TO BEAT HIM;" The universar Wilson
slogan--the one which elected Woodrow Wilson, was, "HE
KEPT US OUT OF WAR"
President Wilson, failing to secure a volunteer army of
500,000, forced on Congress the principle of the draft.. Is lt
not a historical fact that when this principle of military service was adopted within the boundaries of the· United States,
and for the very defense of the Union, and by ABRAHAM
LINCOLN, it was met with violent resistance? And in l'he
present war, has the principle of the draft not been forced on
the people for a war of offense, to be fought entirely on the
continent of Europe and on the high seas?
In the light of these facts, is the Socialist undergoing an allarchist conversion because he strenuously objects to what he
believes constitutes a violation of his elementary liberties?
President Wilson uttered the following in an address a year
ago, which was reported in the "New York World":
"It has been our pride and our boast that, unlike the monarchies of the old world, our government has never been compelled to resort to a -conscription of its citizens or the employment of foreign mercenaries. It is an hereditary, and, therefore, HONORED TRADITION OF THE ANGLO-SAXON
RACE THAT EXEMPTION FROM EXTORTED MILITARY
SERVICE IS ONE OF THE PECULIAR PRIVILEGES OF
FREEMEN."
Socialists agree with Wilson, yet they have not revolted.
In 1916, President Wilson said: "This war was brought on
by rulers, not by peoples, and I THANK GOD THERE IS NO
MAN IN AMERICA WHO HAS THE AUTHORITY TO
BRING ON WAR WITHOUT THE ABSOLUTE CONSENT
OF THE PEOPLE."
Socialists are asking, with Art Young, this question: Is
ONE capitalist government or country so much worse than
other capitalist countries that the laboring classes and Socialists must join with the capitalists to defeat that one?
Socialists find it difficult to believe that the entrance of the
United States into the European war is the most efficient way
of abolishing Prussian autocracy. It has been said that every
American pacifist is worth a whole company of American
soldiers in France. The supporters of this theory offer the
following argument:
"There is a pacifist force in Germany, which, once or twice,
has come close to compelling a German peace without victory.
"The one weapon which the German autocrat holds against
this force is the cry that Germany's enemies seek her destruction. The one weapon which the German pacifist holds
against the autocrat is the realization that liberal forces in
enemy countries will not permit her destruction. If the German people know they can have a peace without victory, they
will not fight another week. If they believe that it is "victory o~ annihilation" they will fight like a beast to the death.
"The Allied 'peace'--(erms' of laslt winter, combined with the
Lloyd George 'knock-out' interview, did more to re-rally the
German people than all of Hindenburg's victories.
"The German autocrat desires nothing so much as the
power to convince the German people of the 'annihilation'
bugaboo. An aggressive United States might give aid and
comfort to him. He fears nothing so much as the knowledge
on the part of the German people that forces across the sea
will unite with them in demanding a reasonable peace. A
liberal America robs him of his chief weapon.
"If the German pacifists can know that their fight for international understanding is not hopeless, they will detach all
liberal Germany from the support of the autocrats.
"Thus the pacifist concludes that the American Socialist or
pacifist is a howitzer shell fired against German autocracy."
fathered the preparedness mov~ent, by specia,l privilege,
printed this statement shortly before the war was declared: "While the. United States is in no danger of be- ~·
coming a militaris.tic nation like Germanr, sliD· aD execelle(lt '....;..
leaon can be taken from her.,. While her policies are to be .de·
plored, HER METHODS ARE TO BE COMMENDED. niE
FACT REMAINS THAT ·woRLD-EMPIRE. AND THE \
t\VAILABILITY OF MARKETS THE WORLD OVER, MUS'{ · ..
BE THE GOAL OF THE UNITED STATES."
.
. Achille Loria, the ltali~n economist, shows that since ancient
.
history, of the 286 most prominent wars that have been ·"'
· fought, 258 of them w:ere attributed to the common desire for 1
trade monopolies.
f
Ceneral Ulysses S. Grant asserted in emphatic and indignant !
language that Mexico, in 1848, was grossly ·mistreated by the ! 1·
United States, and that that miserable war was started by the \ ·
cupidity of Southern property holders.
Many of the most respectable citizens of our <:ountry--dis·
claiming any socialist connections whatever--declare that the
Spanish-American war was the culmination of the trade-desires
of a handful of powerful men.
In the light of these revelations, must we term the socialists
undesirable citizens when they inquire why those interested in
world trade opposed Wilson's peace . policy and forced the
country into the war?
The charge that Socialists who disapprove the war p<)licy
of our government are pro-German is fatuous. Socialists are •
anti-capitalistic and anti-nati'onal. They oppose autocracy
everywhere-in any form in which it may exist. They_oppose
it in Germany as. they oppose it in every other country. Tite · _
accusation that the majority socialists are tools of enemy gov•
ernments is ridiculously false and stupid.
.
We hear a lot these days about the Germanization of the
Socialist party, and, as a matter of fact, most of this talk is a
result of our strained relations with the Kaiser. It is to b~
expected, and we Socialists have expected it. John Spargo
rants very amusingly about the Germanization of the Socialist
party. But his prejudice is ~asily explai'ned by his ineradicable
Anglicization. In other words, Mr. Spargo has not been
thoroughly Americanized.
While the father of scientific socialism-Karl Marx-was a
German, and while his theories were very materially influenced
by the German.. philosophers, Hegel and Kant, he nevertheless .
was no German patriot. Marx spent several years in prison
for his furious opposition to the policies of the German 1~
perialistic government. His famous work "Das Kapital," was
written and the data for that famous work was largely gat~ ~
ed from British libraries and authorities.
It is interesting to note that so bitter was Marx's hatred. o
Prussianism and the Imperialistic policies of the Genna
Empire that he was driven into England, when he desired t}
quiet and rest necessary to write the three volumes that h( .
fixed his immortality.
While American Socialism is greatly influenced by t'
theories of Marx-the class struggle, surplus value, the ee
omic interpretation of history, the labor theory of value, et•
still the socialism pf America is essentially opportunistic, a
can readily see by observing any of the Socialist politica'
forms. There is nothing in our national or state platfom
can be interpreted as "un-American." All the plar·
based on actual social and industrial conditions, and ·
my estimation, is the acid test of the Americanism
political movement. We favor public ownership, old
sions, woman suffrage, social insurance, mothers
etc., not only because they are good for the worl
1·
(Continued on Page 30)
,
�The P~i,nted ,Pige~n
T
By Rob Wagnu
it ,
WO 'b eautiful Belgian guards ca.rriel Andrew Carnegie begin all over again and go forth in peace and 'Concord.
into h is p rivate boudoi~ and lai~ him on a blue \'elcur was all accomplished very quickly amid stupendous a,pplause,
ostermoor, dtere he dissolved m tears. Congressman and as the last nation signed t'he compact a vast .r oar of apBerthold threw his hat so high in the air that it went through proval went up from the assemblage. Strong men ·with beards
# the s1:ylight and never came down. ·The Kaise~ kissed t)1e wept like women.
President of the French Republic and Teddy clinched WJth . They sa.ng and cri~ and whooped and yelled very much
T aft. T he great Temple · of Peace s~oo~ with the hurrahs, as I described · in the first paragraph.
.
·
banzias, and hochs of the a~semblec! multitude. Bands played,
· But in the midst of t-heir pandemonium and before. the sigwhist!e{ b!ew an:d newsboys shouted the ilad tidings that uni- · nature of the . last delegate was dry, a curiou~ thing h·appened.
Tenal peace had come.
. ·
Directly oYer the head of the speaker was a large allegork was a picture no artist can paint, but I've done my !.>est ical mural paintin~ by Wilhelm II representing the nations of
lib post-impress you with its symbolism. ·Peace! Real peace!
the world with arms uplifted·to a white dove of peacee, and to
Afte r all those red ye:us of struggle I But it all goes to show the amazement of the crowd the dove began to move.
what money can do when intelligently cErected. For it was
It had come to life and was trying to free i~self from the
.,11 the fruit of Andrew's endowments of temples and pence canvas. Finally, with a tremendous coo it burst forth-Hew .
propr~gai?da. At last the wor!d had been educated to the
three . times about the great hall, and with noisy flapping
horrible effects of wa r. · And now h is patient years of waiting alighted on the end of the Speaker's stick. ·
were to see .the culminatio_n of his hopes and aspirations. Do
The Congress, awed by such a phenomenon,· sat 'spellbound,
yo a v1ondcr that Andre~ dissolved in tears? It was some and .in the great silence that fell, th~ bird spoke.
triumph , I tell you. F rom the profit~ of the armor plate he
"Gentlemen," it said (it spoke a sort" of pigeon English),
load made he had so ordained en~ nts thr.t now there should be "I thank you for ' vhat you have done. For years I have been
ao more L!"e for ar:no r plate. Such self-abnegation was bound aborning. . Up to today I have been nothing · but a painted
·t~t result in dissolution.
pigeon decorating the halls and letter heads of peace societies,
The d,,y of thi3 r;rc~t event opened auspiciously. The sun appearing stuffed at weddings or lowly reliefed on tom~stones.
ah pne, the b::mds pbyecl. and the s<reets were alive w!th the But now I live!
__
.
·
pioturcs(]ue pr c~enr..-; . cf international diplomats, att:tches, and
"My mother was ··a wish, and you, gentlemen, have from
newspaper men . T he Ha[ltte hnd had many peace con- that wish brought forth my living presence. Therefore, you
ferences, bt;t this o:1e was pregnant with a great meaning, are my father. I shall do my utmost to honor you-for it is
for everybody bdie,·ecl th<.<t a notable event in the epoc of hu- not every bird that has such a large and distinguished father.
man progress was abm.:t to be enacted. The great war started. You· shall never regret your fatherhood, and now let's give
in tl e Balkan~ . h::td left Europe prostrate and the world was thre~ cheers for me!"
gjck of wa r. Yes, the t.jme had arrived for lasting peace. So,
The noise was deafening and for a · moment the poor bird
Nichola3, William, George and Andrew had called this parlia- was frightened, but her attention was arrested by the Swedish
delegate who was asking the Speaker if he did not think the
ment together. ·
Because of his unique position and his noble peace medals, Carnegie Temple in which they had met and brought forth
T. R. was elected president. He presided with a large stick · . their child would be a fitting abode for the dove.
·
that made the rafters rattle. His dental personalit1 imBut the bird interrupted him and holding up her claw for
mediately dominated the great assembly. They were all silence. thus delivered herself:
t iven evidence that the best way to obtain peace was to be
"I thank you, father, but I ask you not to confine me to
prepared for war, and T. R. wa~ prepared. He told them u.ll this or any other temple. I've been here long enough in that
where to head iu.
old picture. Besides. I have a mission to fulfill. Through you,
.. He beg::ut by forbidding England to build more Dread~ fathers, I have the blood of' messenger-boys in my veins. I
u ughts ; Germany,... Zepplelins ; F ranee, ~ubmarines, and must carry_this message of peace to all the world. I feel that
America, aeropla·nes. He told Germany she must get out of I am il natural-born carrier. Call me Carrie-Carrie Pax!" .
j P.pan ·out of l'vtmchur:a. England out of Egypt and
In the con fusion that followed the wonderful pun that this ·
nut of the PhilippitH's. He promised Greec~ the re- opr)ortuaity afforded the British delc;gate the bird up and flew
of the Elgin marbles; Paris, the return of the bronze out of th~ high window and was soon lost -to view.
from the Arc de Triumph. and said that France must
After \!: ~ir amazement had· subsided a permanent organizathe Venus de Milo and Madam Totissand return tion was effected with Teddy as its president. The Hague was
hat and coat. He promised Venezuela that neu:ralized and Teddy was to make it his permanent home.
would return her asphalt. though it ineant tearing up A palace was ordered built for him and his large family to be
streets in that country. The Morgan group was given surroun&~d by an immense park in which he could keep pogsin which to re-distribute among the rightful owners noggles, cheetahs, dile diks, and others of his jungle favorit~s.
nrl.. r•'·nm of its nau~hty trusts.
(The good trusts were
~
... 'II
nnr~nn·nea. ) Each nation arose in turn and amid
,. 1,1~na.u~" agreed to return its thefts.
TI1e world basked in the Pax Car:negieismBut:
·
he said , he preached the soft heart, he did not
soft head. He told them that now that they had
One day a huge steamer called the Biggeranania was thirty
the ~auses of most of their quarrels and jealousies miles of Cherburg when the heat at noon became most ungo. forth and .do battle with the instruments of comf\)rtab!e-an unusual thing at this time of the year.
From now on 'it was to be a war of wits instead
Aft , under a large awning, sat -a group of delegates retutnHe forced them to settle bound:~.ries, pay old iRg from The Hague. They were exulting i n the triumphs of
the slate • uerally- so _that the world w~ld international one moment and cursing the uniced drinks of the
....
�Ihe
Western
Comra!le
British bartender the next.
.
With the setting of the. sun. came no respite, for at 7 p. m.
the thermometer stod· at 89. At midnight it had iisen to 93.
No one-could sleep and everyone's nerves were on edge. . _A
·great ' storm seemed impending-except that the barometer
showed no such intlication.
Toward morning the vessel ran into a hot f0&-almost like
steam. Thermometer readings of the water ran nearly to the
boiling point.
_
The condition of the passengers had l:ieconie alarming, but
it was difficult to know in what ditection to turn as there was
no way of telling where the disturbance was.
Fortunately at sunset a red glow was observed far to the
south. Though it was uncomfortably hot everyone was immensely relieved that danger had been averted.
·
There was now no doubt that a ·submarine eruption had
occurred. Because of such an unusual phenomenon the captain felt warranted in "laying to" for the night and taking observations. The next day was spent in circling the disturbance
and its volcanic origin was clearly indicated by the deiid fish,
seaweed and cinders.
No other vessels were reported and at 5 p. m. the big leviathan proceeded on her course. The greatest excitement
and interest prevailed and the wireless was busy reporting to
both shores.
A New York newspaper correspondent returning from the
peace conference had been aloft all day with a pair of powerful glasses. After the boat was well on its course he descended and sent twenty-two words in cipher to his paper. He had
seen something no one els'! had noticed and he would scoop
the world on the biggest story yet.
Next morning there appeared on the streets of New York
a most sensational newspaper splash of a great submarine
earthquake that had thrown up ·an island in mid-Atlantic. ·
As soon as other vessels reported the tr.uth the boats were
dispatched from all directions to make scientific reports on the
seismic phenomenon.
While most of the world was interested only in the scientific
aspect of this amazing occurrence, a few hard-headed old
anarchs sitting around the mahogany in a directors' room on
lower Wall street, turned loose their brains on how to make
even an earthquake profitabl~. Now, when brains like these
are scrambled the omelet is liable to pay twenty percent-and
of course, that's worth cherishing. So they come to a magnificent conclusion and it was this: When that island cooled off,
standing as it did mid~ay between four continents, it would
dominate the trade of the world. And the first nation to get a
flag on. it would be its possessor. They immediately got the
Admiralty on long distance and had a Teal little heart-to-heart
talk with the High Boys there. Their argument was an economic one and it c6nvinced the department that its usefulness
would no doubt be discontinued if it had nothing to do and
the ranks of the . unemployed would be largely augmented by
former admirals. The argument rang the bell and pretty soon
there were great stirrings in the navy · yards.
Now you may think that these industrial captains were
amazingly shrewd, but bless your heart, they were not so
stupendously original, for all over the world twenty percenters
think in the same terms. Thus it happened that similar
schemes hatched around many foreign mahoganies.
4
.y.
•
When the Bunkton, Captain Spevans commanding, arrived
several days after the above-mentioned conference, he found
that he could not approach within six miles of the island, so
he decided to circumnavigate the whole disturbed area, but
was very much chagrined to find an English and a Gerp1an
cruiser doing the same thing. It now became a waiting game
-waiting for the island to cool off enough to get a flag on it.
--
Spevans, however., was resourceful and had no intention -'
of waiting. He wired the' situation to Washington and_immediately they dispatched the ··J une Bug 32, carrying two men
besides Lieutenant Glenwright. Their mission was to fly over
the island and drop an anchor with an asbestos.. flag attaChed _
right on the highest point of the molten mass. Then would
the place belong to America.by right of discovery. The June
Bug arrived early the next morning and to the ama2;ement- of .
the intrepid. pilot he ~scovered high to the east the ·approa'ch . . ..
of two huge dirigibles, one flying the English and the ·other-' ·_
the German flag. -He suspected this motive and hurri~d
straight for the island, but the hot air risin-g from the lava
caused the air currents to whirl in all kinds of eccentric cirdes
and, to _the horror of all, the biplane turned turtle and shot
straight for the water and he was soon lost to view. -The
captains of the big airships witnessed this with their binoculars
and were chuckling over the fiasco of their aeroplatonic friend . /
when two fearful explosions rent the air and .both the huge
dirigibles succumbed to the strange gases.
At almo~t the same instant a shot was heard and an im- .
mense projectile flew over the ship. It seemed to come froin' '
the direction of the German cruiser and ·landed too accurately
close to be accidental.
ln a few minutes the Bunkton was under full steam, headed
for an explanation. As the vessel t~rned toward the south it
passed between the British ·ship Inevitable ·and the island.
With the glass could be seen much agitation aboard the English vessel, and no wonder, for with a loud report a great hole
was torn in the bow of the Bunkton by a British torpedo.
Explanations.. were not needed now. It was too obxious.
Spevans let go both batteries--one at -the Germans and the
other at the English. The Germans returned their fire to the \
English ship-which was puzzling.
.
Pretty soon there was the prettiest three-cornered fight you
ever saw. Toward evening the three vessels were still ·afloat,
but badly used up. They were all glad of a chance to eat and
re~t and send news back home.
•
This incident shows how easy it is to start trouble, for had·
Captain Spevans known the truth a terribre catastrophe would
have been averted.
.
Like M. and M.;s, captains usually think in the same terms.
Each had determined to outwit the others and get his flag up
first.
Captain Schmitsberger of the armored cruiser Whosahollerin
had rigged up a flag fastened to a projectile that he fired ar
the top of the hot mountain. Unfortunately it went high,' just
missed the U. S . S. Bunkton, and was most uncharitably interpreted.
Aboard H. M. S. Inevitable, Captain John Stoke-Pogis,, _
V. C., was equaHy alert and had had made an asbestos Union
Jack that he determined to send ashore in a slow-going torpe~.
'
The only trouble was tliat in the excitement of dispatching
it they forgot to pull the war plug from the cap in its nose
and the American ship accidentally intercepted it on its triumphant trip to the hpt shore.
When the facts were known many hoped that each_nation
would see tl.e futility of the brawl and call off the dogs_of war,_
but the percenters called in their newspaper publishers and'
told them to whoop it up for patriotism and play up the flag
stuff strong. National honor! the Stars and Stripes! . and all
that. Of course, they obeyed. One great publisher admitted
that he had made fortunes off of wars and eartHquakes. And
so the conflict waxed.
'
As the news of the terrible losses to the three countries be-·
came known, nations that had suffered for centuries in silence
became bold, and pretty soon in Europe a11d Asia the lesser
.~
(Continued on Page 35)_
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Page twenty-six
The
.
Does Co-operation Pay?
By- Ralph E. Cheney, Co-<>perative G;ague of America.
D
com~unity
• !
Weate"Ta. · Comrad~ ·~~
:~·:{\
'
!.
OES co~sumer's co-<>peration pay?
fr?m costing !he
or the individual a cent, consum- ·\
. . , 'i
The other day, a Scotchman stepped into the office . of er s co-<>perahon pays.
·Consumer's 'co-<>peration does not, financially, merely con- ~{
the Co-operative League of America in order to ob1ain assistance and advice from the league in starting a new co- sist of diverting money · from the poc;:kets of exploiters into · \-·
operative store . ... .In the course of the conversation, he told the pockets of the exploited. It does not merely -abolish profit. (
how he had not lPng ago had to return to Scotland to settle It does abolish profit, and it would be a great movement if it · \
up · the_ estate of his parents. When he had . first come to did that and that alone. But it does more. . The co-<>perative.
"America, many years past, he had left· his· family in . almo~t store rea.J.izes many economies of business organization which
utter destitution ·aJ!d he had since found it almost impossible are impossible to the non-co-operative store. A ress expensive
to send them over more than a v.e ry lin le money indeed.· Con- site is possible. Window dressings need not be so elabora-te.
sequently he expected to find a sad state of ·affairs. But he The delivery system can be much simpler or can be done away
had one ground for hope; thirty years before his mother had with altogether. In fact, all the varied forms of show and adjoined the ·local co-operative society. Imagine his surprise, vertisement that are so tremendously influential in the success
then when he discovered on his return that his mother had or failure of a private capitalist store and that form so gigantic
$5000 invested in the cooperative store on which she drew an a part of its expenses, can be largely or wholly dispensed with
;
1
interest of about 5 percent ! This sum represented the div- in a co-operative store. Consider the millons of dollars spent
idends on purchases which she had thriftily and shrewdly re- monthly in the United States on advertisments of stores In
\
fused to withdraw, but had always left in the store to accumu- newspapers, magazines, street cars, wooden signs along rail- · t
late. This is but one of hundreds of tales we might tell, all road tracks, and handbills alone! Consider, then, the count
\
answering pretty plainly the question:
.
Je·ss other direct and indirect forms of
Does Co-<>peration Pay?
•7================~ advertising! if one begins to realize ..
"Co-operation," says Holyoake, "is
the amount of energy and money spent
an invention for acquiring money withon advertising, one Is swept by a sense
co-OPERATION as a meai~S of
of the saving which CO-<>peration, without saving it, ·or working for it, or
stealing it, or borrowing it, or begging
out need of advertisement, means.
acquiring gain, consists chiefly
it." Such an inventi0!1 must surely be
When one has a glimpse of how exin not allowing yourself or your asas welcome as it is t·nusual ! "The
pensive a commodity "the good will of
ways to enrich a re m:uu, and most cf
the trade" is, and how much private
sociates to be robbed by tradesmen.
them foul," Lord Y <. l ulam says sucdealers are willing to pay for it, on'e
Certainly no heavy moral guilt rests
cinctly and truly enough. And the
perceives how great an advantage it
great Italian poet, Da nte, in his 'The
is to start business with an unlimited
upon the traveler who robs his own
Convivio," writes, "I affirm that gain
supply of it and to be able to draw
is precisely that which comes oftener
upon this supply at all times with but
watch back from the footpad. Coto the bad than to the good ; for illittle fear of depleting it. The private
op~rators .. re~olutely refuse to let
legitimate gains never come to the good
dealer can only hazard a guess at the
at all , because they reject them. And
wants of his customers. He cannot
themselves be robbed.
lawful gains rarely come to the good,
guarantee to himself the keeping of ·
because, since much anxious care is
their custom, unless he manages to get
needful thereto, and the anxious care
them into his debt. If he does sucof the good man is directed to weightceed in getting them into his debt by..
tier m<!tters, rarely does the good ma n give sufficient · attention extending credit to them, it means booking expenses, risk of
thereto."
·
loss, and a lack of ready money for the market. And an ~n-.
But co-operation as a means of acquiring gain, is not foul, certain custom means the· necessity of a margin for the nsk
nor does it require undue attention. It consists chiefly in not of <YOods sold at a loss or not sold at all. The whole crux of
allow;ng yourself or your associates to be robbed by trades- the "situation of the private ·store is this: All the custom of a
men. Certainly no heavy moral guilt rests upon the traveler private store is voluntary; and voluntary custom cannot be
who robs his own watch back from the footpad. Co-operators counted on, but · must be cheated or coaxed. A co-operative
do not even do that much. They merely resolutely refuse to store can rely upon voluntary custom and to some extent it
let themselves be robbed. Nor is the attention that co-opera- should, but it need not. Co-operators come to the co-<>perative
tion demands burdensome. It is not so much work, as it is store because it is their own store, because it is to their in..
the cheapest and most genuine education.
terest that they should patronize it. No advertisements are
The census of 1911 showed that state and municipal ap- needed to tickle their fancies and inform or remind them of
propriations for higher education in the United States for the existence of their store. Consumers' co-operation means a
that year amounted to $14,707,243. Devoting all or the best near approach to the scientific ascertainment of the wants of
part of their time to instruction in our colleges and univer- needs of a community. In -other words, it means less waste,
sities are over 21,813 men . and 2,854 women. But the vast less risk of unsold goods, an implicit guarantee that a certain
majority of ·the American peopie cannot afford to indulge amount of certain goods will be required and purchased. ..
in higher education. And we confidently state, Without fear There will be no need of credit in a co-<>perative store; custom
of successful contradiction, that a great deal more genuine will not need to be cheated into staying. No credit means less
·and necessary education and training for the average man or booking expenses, and no risk of loss and plenty of ready
woman is furnished by co-<>peration in the conduct of a store money for more advantageous buying. · The whole of the
' than by any amo!lnt of studying higher mathematics, dead situation of the co-<>perative store· is this: The ca-<>perative
languages, econom1cs from a capitalist viewpoint, or any other store is based upon good will, good will means commanded,
co~Jrse or ·combination of courses in any college. Yet, far
(Continued on Page · 39) ~,...
�'
Comment and -C-ritic ism
By Alec Watkin a
•,
A qUESTION
OF HONOR
I
'~:! •,-;-: _~ - -Jhosewho, previous ~o our entrance into the' European war,
urged us to a~tack Mex1co, and who will probably renew their
efforts._ when times are more' propitious, declared that our _government should prolect Amencan lives wherever they might be.
The s~range fe lure _about this tender concern for the safety of
. ,Am~r.lcans au.'l>a~ 1s that _those who are_ most deeply stirred
· by 1t us~ally mamfest but httle practical interest in tl-ie welfare
of Amencans at home.
- Englan~l, m_o re than any other country, has prided' herself
t?at Enghshmen all over the world were secure in the protecttonafforded by the Home government. Even now we hear rer~ld the story of . the Englishman who was imprisoned by the
- kmg of Abysynma, . a half-century ago. The British o-ovemment demanded his release. The demand was ignored."' After
a delay of two years, 12,000 British troops marched across the ·
dese~t, met and defeated the Abysynnians in battle, set the
captive free, and drove the native king to suicide. It is an inspiring story._ It makes a vivid appeal to the imagination.
. But reflectiOn tends to mitigate our enthusiasm. In normal
times_; the~e are hundreds of thousands of Englishmen within
~alkmg d1stan_ce of the_ Houses of Parliament who are serving
hfe-sente~ces m the pnson house of poverty. Yet, as Sidney
Webb pomts out, even great liberal statesmen like Harcourt
and Gladstone were in the habit of telling -the nation that "it
could not afford to give its children decent schoolino- that w
house its laborers as well as its horses was quite b~~ond ·its
means, that the cost of sanitation which would keep its chi!- ·
d1en from needless disease wai a burden impossible to be
borne." We are further reminded that, as we learn from the
life of Sir Chas. Dilke "on the preparation of each successive
budget it was quite the customary thing for the Chancellor of
the Exchequer,_ whoever he was, to threaten to resign merely
because the est1mates would go up." And yet, the British government could afford to arm and equip ready for battle 12,000
men, and send them to a far-off land to rescue a captive Engl;shman whose predicamen-t was due either to the carelessnesss
of the government or to his own wrong-doing.
It is a peculiar state of mind that conceives the nation's
honor to be basely attacked when an American in Mexico on
his own business or in p1,1rsuit of his own plea~u re finds himself ·in danger, but regards its honor as in no wise touched
when innocent American workingmen are condemned to the
gallows within our own borders. Our Roosevelts and our
Hearsts must be taught that our workers a.t home are entitled
at least as much co1isideration as our adventurers abroad.-
·
to
THE NEW PARTY
- A matter of some interest is the formation of a new political party. Its prime mover, apparently, is John Spargo, and
i is composed of the socialists who withdrew from the regular
socialist party last Spring, and various other unhitched political elements.
o.
Its platform.• in many respects, is an excellent document. It
declares the purpose of the -party to be the attainment of democracy irr government, in industry, and in international rela. tions, and it proceeds to· specify the measures believed to be
necessary in order to make its attairunent possibie. It urges
many drastic changes in both domestic and international
political procedure; Few socialists, however, would be willing
/·-~ tc endorse all that is said as to democracy in industry. It
reads like a: hazy epitome of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom," tinged with socialism.- The sureness of touch with
i, '
w~ich the_ subject of political ~emocracy 1s treate is nQt in
ev1dence . m t~e treatment of the subject' oJ in .lust rial dem~cracy . . There is too great an effcrt to disclaim ai)Y rt>volutiOJ~ar_r mfent. The measun~s proposed fall far short of being
soc1ahsm, undoubtedly .out·ot"regard for the non-socialist mem-: hers ~f the party.
·
.
. But the real weakness of the new party lies not in ni~king
its ~reec! to broad, but in making its cr.eed the foundation upon
wh1ch _the organ!zation is built. In this particular, it is merely
repe~ tm g the m1sta_ke of the American Socia-list Party. It is
largely a waste of time to gather togeth<>r into a political party
people whose only bond is· the similarity of their respective
· pol!ti~al faiths., Not identity of opinio!i, but i'd entity of econ·
om1c mlerest should be the 'basis of o 1t organized activity.
RESPONSIBLE MINISTRIES
The d esire of President . Wilson to_ deal. with a ministry
respons1ble to the people of Germany rather than with the
present autocra!ic government raises a question that •has an
it~ terest fo r Americans aside from the war.
In both F railce and England the natio11al administration is
more directly ··r sponsible to the people and more closely in
touch with th~ir representatives than in the United States.
In England, for instance, the chief executive, and each member
?f the cabinet has a seat in parliament. And day by day there
1s an allo ted time during which members of. Parliament .may
question cabinet officers as to the work of their various departments. In addition to this every member of the c~binet
having a seat in the House of Commons must first be elect~d
to parliament directly by the people.
·
In our own country, however, there is no such direct touch
between the people a11d the administration.
The executive department of our government is supposed to
ex1st for the purpose of putting into effect the decisions of the
legislative department. But often the legislature is quite in the
dark as to what the executive is doing. Often, indeed, -the
executive instead of performing the \\,ill of the people as- expressed through.-the law-m_a king body, assumes the· role of dictator. Instead of taki1ig orders, the executive issues them. .
. Naturally, _this tendency is mor-e ~;vident in war times than
in peace time. La Follette's famous sptech in the Senat'e last. ·
October was largely a protest against the assumption by the
president of functions that iigh~fully belong to Congress re~
garding the declaration· of the purposes of the war. It 'is true
that the president, personally, is vastly better · able to pronounce war aims and to work out peace terms than the average congressman. The intellectual stature of most legishitors
is notoriously small. A discussion on ·any vital subject in Con;
gress amply demonstrates the pitiful lack of vision of most of
its members. Yet La Follette was plainly right; in fact, no qne
has yet attempted to reply to his contention. And if the member:; of congress, in accordance· with the constitution, were
compelled to shoulder their proper responsibility in the matter
of war aims and peace terms, their lack of understanding
would be largely overcome by the pressure of -thei'r more enlightened constituents.
.
The gulf between the people and their government is widen~'
ing. In no adequate sense have we· a responsible ministry.' •: II: _
'is not the president's fault. It is the fault of the system. Our
governmental structure is such that a ·presid!:nt, 'part;cul.i'rly:
at a crisis, is almost compelled tci' choose between being eithei
a useless appendage . or- a dictator.
· ./ '·.-.~ ~~~
';
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•tf?
�The
Western
Comrade
Was ·.S chmidt Guilty?
[This is the conclusion of Job Harriman's address before the jury
which tried Schmidt. Back numbers, JOe.)
Does an electric battery smoke} There is no more smoke in
an electric battery than there is in an iceberg. The fact that
it was smoking proves beyond a doubt that the dynamite was
UT, you ask, how about th!' wall that was blown in} Ah,
not ignited' by an electric spark and a dock. It was exploded
this is a figment of his imagination. That n~ver hap. by a fuse. A fuse will smoke precisely as Adams ~escribed.
pened. You will remember that Mr-- testified that
But no fuse had been burning in that valise for more than
he ran from the east end of the basement and looked
twelve hours. It did not burn and smok(' for all .these hours.
through the door, which Mr. Mulholland thought was blown
There is · but one reasonable explanation, and that is that the
down. The door casement was intact. You must remember
watchman knew when the witnesses were to arrive, and as
that Mr. Mulholland only gave his opinion, but unfortunately
they drove up, he lighted the fuse, and closed the valise. Rico
his opinion is contradicted by the facts.
grabbed the valise and immediately . ran with it to the street,
Listen, Mr. Mul~lland said that the beams to which he re- <;Ut it open and lound his safety in Hight, while the fuse burned
ferred supported about twenty eight feet of the alley floor, and on until it reached the dynamite.
that in his opinion, the entire twenty eight feet of the alley
·But what did Rico say} He tells us that he cut the side of
floor must have fallen instantly. He supported his opinion by
the valise open. Is such a proceedure likely with an infernal
saying that this alley floor fell and was lying upon the clean
machine? He tells you that as soon as he cut it open he heard
.
basement floor below.
the buzz and ran; that he got a hundred and fifty yards away
Again the facts, and also Witnesses, contradict Mr. Mulhol- before the explosion came. Mr. Adams testified that when
land. Directly under this floor, and within eight feet of where he saw the smoke he ran to the machine, cranked it, and
the dynamite was supposed to have been, there were standing jumped in and drove a block away before it exploqed. The
three men. Two of those men got out of the building without statement of Adams is true. The statement of Rico is false.
a scratch. They both testified that the ceiling was intact when If dynamite had been detonated by an electric battery and
they left, and that it did not fall at the time of the explosion. clock, Rico would not have been here to tell the story. It
Bauee and Doughterty both stood under the supposed point of would not take two seconds for the clock to turn one quarter
explosion, and escaped. The Scott brothers both testify th?t around and Rico could not have jumped up and got out of
the ceiling was intact, and that the North wall of the alley still the range of the blow. This infernal machine was planted
stood.
there by some one known to those who found it. This is anHagherty, the man who was killed, was found eight feet other example of the fairness of the prosecution. To hang a
South of the South wall of the alley. When the explosion man with the facts is a terrible thing. To hang him with
ocurred he was standing under the alley with Mr. Dougherty. perjury is a dastardly crime.
Mr. Doughert¥ had his hand on Haggerty's shoulder. They
But there was another plant at Zeehandelar's. It was in a
both ran away. Hagerty was found more than twelve feet
valise this time. It was wrapped in Los Angeles papers. It
from where he stood when the explosion occurred.
sat out in front of the house in full view. It was found about
If the ceiling had been blown instantly, or if there had been ten oclock by the girl. Mr. Henderson also saw it. Do you
a charge of dynamite almost directly over these men, only remember Mr. Henderson? He is the man who says he saw
eight feet from their heads, all of them would have been the man in the basement of the Times building, trying to
found dead in their tracks, with the alley floor upon them.
escape at the North window. The flames were roaring and
The fac:t is, the explosion was caused by gas. It shot up gradually engulfing him. Henderson made llO effort to assist
through the building and roof, as gas always does, and for the the man from this burning tomb, but told him to go hack into
time being the floor of Ink Alley was· left practically intact. the flames while .he (Henderson) went around to the lire deThe men in the basement under the alley escaped and later the partment and watched them put out the fire. He did nothing . .
falling machinery and cornice crushed it in. This is the gist of and said nothing to release the unfortunate man from his terthe testimony given by the State to prove that the explosion rible position. It was this man Henderson, who unwrapped
was - caused by dynamite. They have fallen short of this the Zeehandelar infernal machine. He had seen them "just
duty, and it therefore becomes your bounden duty to acquit.
before in Chicago." Doubtless he had made them. He was
Now let me direct your attention to the dynamite planted familiar with them, and knew how to put them together. Perat the houses of Messrs. Otis, and Zeehandelar.
.
haps he had prepared this one.
The clock was wound too
They found a valise containing dy~amite at about one or tight. Yet they turned it while they were there. They tinktwo o'clock p. m. on the first of October. It was not con- ered with it, and examined it, and fixed it, and then turned
cealed. It sat by some bushes near the house. It is supposed it over to the. police. The dynamite had no stamp upon it.
to have sat there during a part of the night, and all the fore- Not one of all the witnesses saw the eighty percent stamp
noon, It was in the open so that any one could see it. Im- upon it until a fter it was taken to the jail. Everyone was askmediately after the explosion at about I a. m., a watchman ed the question, "Did you see the eight percent dynamite stamp
was sent to the Otis residence and remained there until the there?" Every one answered, "No." One is found to believe
crowd of investigators arrived at one o'clock p. m. Then they that the dynamite was shifted and that the stuff they claimed
found this valise. The watchman had w'!{ked around the was dynamite was placed in the package with eighty percent
house and through the yard, time and again, from the time wrappers upon it.
of his arrival, looking for suspicious looking objects. Yet he
Come, let us see how fa~· one could run while tae dock ia
did not · cover this valise, which was near the house, in . full turning round. One- two seconds. Could Rico rwn laalf a
view of al omers. Finally the hour came. The stage was block in two seconds} Was he on his knees whell the clock
· set. The aut fiUed with special witnesses drove up, and be- began to turn? Did he get a block away in two seconds? Or
held the suitcas , Rico grabbed it, took it hutri,. ..:;v )to the is that a lie? They would have you believe that there were
street, cut one sid~ut, and ran away. Mr. Adams ~ore that sixteen pound of eighty percent dynamite in that valise, and
he saw smoke come ~t of the valise as Rico ran. Smoke} that it would blo twelve inch steel beams out of their sockets
B
.
.
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-----
.
,---- ._r-- .
I
_{
L
~
�' The
WealerD
Comrade ·
,.
.
.. .
Paae fwenty-nine
twenty-eight feet a~ay and that he eseaped without injury.
five years, but now it was too dangerous to hold longer.
The fact is that no clock was in the Otis valise. That Schmidt was arrested. rn a few months he would come to
package was exploded by a fuse.
trial. Bu't the dynamite ·w as too dangerous to keep .. ' It .wa&
The fact is that the wrappers in the Zeehandelar package not dangerous as dynamite, but it was dangerous -as eviclence.
1
were exchangeg for other wrappers marked eighty percent.
They d!d not dare to compare it with the dynamite at the
The fact is that the Times building was not exploded by quarry. It was not the same stuff. If it were .shown to bedifferent it would let the innocent go free and convid the :
dynamite, but by gas.
The fact is that the six inch beam was not broke!) by dyna- . guilty.
Wh::.t was~'don·e with the stuff at the quarry ? It, too, wa·s ·
mite, but I;>Y the falling machinery. '
The fact is that· the south end of the tank was not caved destroyed. It, too, was dangerous. Terribly dangerous, this
stuff.
_
in by a blow from dynamite, but by a falling lathe.
. Every man who took the stand and .swore th;'lt they destroy- .
The fact is that the twelve-inch iron· beams were not driven
from their sockets by dynamite, but by the falling · cornice · ed it because it was d::ngerous, perjured himself to hang an
from the top of the five-story brick wall on the ~ou:h side of innocent T:J.an. It was not dangerous. They knew it was not'
dangerous. Davidson and Ford knew it was no more d angerthe alley.
The fact is that the hole was llOt driven through the wall ous than a lump of mud. They knew it w::~ ;;~~ .:.!ynan1ite.
They knew it would not explode. They knew h could not be
nor the arch blown down.
The fact is that Mr. Haggerty looked through the door and ex~loded. T hey were hiding evidence th;lt would free the innocent and ·expose the guilty. Duv!dson let the .c 2.t out .of the
the arch and' wall were intact.
The fact is that the floor of the alley was not blown down bag when he testified that, "We too!, ten ~ticks, divided them
into blocks of two sticks each; and then . I)ut a fre~h stick of
into the cellar by the explosion.
The fact is that the men under the floor were not injured by. for~y percent with each two sticks to detonate the {dan gcrou~)
e:ghly percent dynamite."
the fallin g floor nor by the explosion.
\ \ 11nt cdl exp!osion of d an gerous dynamite! wny divide it
The fact is that Haggerty moved eighteen feet and was
in co fi ve piles of two sticks each? Why ftve e:~plqsions? Why
then struck by some object and killed.
The fact is that dynamite will not ignite oil. a nd will not put one forty percent stick with two eighty percent sticb ~ If
shoot upwa rds, but strikes a blow with equal force in every the eighty percent stu!f was d angerous, could it not be exploded? Would it be less dangerous by add!ng a sticl• o:f forty
direction.
,
·
The fact is that gas exploded a nd shot upthrou~h the roof p~rcen t stutP
Is the criminal lie not glaring in everj statement of theee
and burned the building.
The fact · · tha t the stuff in San Francisco was never men? One stick of forty percent stuff was placed there te
brought to Lo. An geles, and played no part in this calamity.
deceive the witnesses. Ten sticks in a pile would do ,r.at
Now listen ! O'Brian, the man who found the dynamite in haYOc, but two sticks would not do much, and the witnesses
San Francisco, states that it was ma rked Giant powder. Mr. were deceived by di-:iding the ~tuff into small lots and nRyan; who doubtless would likewise haY e testified, havjng plcd:ng it with one forty p::rcent stick.
The fact is that the two sticks of e ighty percent were •ot
been brought by the prosecution, was not put on the stand.
He is an off1cer of the San Francisco police courts. \Ve eighty percent. T hey were not dynamite a t all. They were
brought h im~nd when put on the stand, he said tha t the box a "plant" placed at Zeehandeb.r's. They knew what it WM.
was full of eighty percent Giant 1Jowder. Remember the box They knew it looked like dyn:;.mite but they knew it wu not
was full. During tha t night ~nly one man was there. The dynamite. They thought it cou!d be concealed. They undernext time the box was examined the eigh ty percent Giant pow- took to deceive you and to ha ng this man with a lie. Ford
knew it was a lie. DaviJson knew it was a lie. Woolwine
der had been removed and replaced by forty percent powder.
knew it was a lie. You may hang a man with a rope, b~t
The stuff in Los Angeles was in the pol ice station. It was
under guard acording to the testimony of the officers. It was do not h:mg him with a lie.
Listen ! Mr. l\r!ler the city chem:st was taken to the qu arry
taken to the Grand jury, under guard, and examined. Thence
it was taken back to the police station, Thence it was taken to el(am:n ·~ this d::m ge rous slu!f. He reported to the District
in a box out to a quarry and there it has been kept ever Atto rney tha t is wu.s not dynamite.
\Voo 1wine J-,;,d _th:s ~c,:;:c chemist i:~ his office juct before
since. Mr. Davidson 'wore that he knew absolutely tha t it
the:.e men t:-,tified ~, :1d [\ ·~ r. [\.{Ecr said it w,1s t:ot dy;lamit·e ·
w;:,s not exchanged fo. other material.
Where is this stuff ? Whete is the stuff that was found in u.nd v:oCJlcl net cxploc!e, ~.1r . ~.File r · w::s abb to produce hi~
San ·Francisco ? All the boxes in s~n Francisco were taken tests. Lut l\k V/ooh.-inc krnd his back upon :he !ruth and
brc-u ~!it forth pc.rjur~d tcst~!l;ony.
back to the Giant Powder ~ompany for safe l,eeping.
1-le \':mdd O>Ot r;u r\ \-. ~l!'er on :he str.:~d. By ll stramr,e
After this defenda nt was arrested, Mr. Keyes, and others,
wen t to San Francisco and caused the powder to be destroyed. ro: nci•}cnce ...-e hlnd (,-!r_ Miller. \;/e put him on the st;:ud.
They knew it wa s not the same stuff that had been brough t He prochcd h:s l c : l ~ . He is a cor.1pe' cn~ chemist... He !s
eooc! enough for this :;rea l city when the health of its c.&
fron Zeehandelar's.
They sent one stick to the Giant Powder company for an- zens is a t slr.l~e. bu t not mean enough to concea.l the cri:alysis. The chemist testified before the Grand Jury that one of i:s D;st6c: A!tomey. Ee is the city chemist of Los Ant:el~.
of the sticks examined was Dupont .powder.
\Vha t d:d Miller ~ay ? ~ le sa id there v:as .no dynamite in tt:is
All the stuff that they so carefully guarded before and after stuff. H e ~ aiel it wo'uld net exp!o2e. This is the ~tutl foua.z·
.it was submitted to the Grand jury, was taken to Mr. Heine, at Zeeh•mdelvr's. This is the stuff tht w.::s dangerous. Tll-a
as he swore, and put under the care of Mr. Davidson in the is the lie that is to d isgrace unio11 labor aad l!ug llll inaocent
magazine a t the quarry.
man.
.
What has become of this dynamite? Have they saved it
Will yo:~ hu.ii'~ him with !his lie ~ No, you WI11 ·ROt C:o h.
_
for evidence? Did they save the S an Fra ncisco stuff for evi- But you will believe this defend:,B.t.
Y(>U will know he toJd the tru~h when he aaid be met ].
d~e) No. All the San Francisco stuff was destroyed.
They said it was too dangerous to· keep. They had kept it
(Continued .-n Pl!fiC 38)
e.
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�The
Page thirty
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Western
Comrade '
Humanism
By Dr. Franz Mar.ne
"HUMANISM," the new and rapidly-prevailing -philos- _,uP?n which indeed the whole world, exceptin~ professional
ophy, started abOut a generation ago by Professor philosophers, has heretofore moved--of Humamsm.
. Pierce of Harvard, as "PraginatisF," left undeveloped . ?chiller'~ _latest .?ook is. "S~~dies In_ Humanism;' being reby him, and given to the world by Professor William James, phes to cnhcs o.f ·Humamsm, and mtght b.e taken next.
of Harvard, not many ·years ago, io "Pragmatism," "The Will
His earliest book, published anonymously years ago,
to Believe," "Varieties of Religious Experience,". and a host : "R_iddles ?f the Sphin~," is two-:thirds _a ref~tatio~ of t~e older
of articles in technical· magazines, is now, as for ten or. more phtlosophtes . by thetr own tmposstble mconststenctes and
years since Professor James' death, propounded, expl~ined and errors and differences. and one-third the outline of Humanism.
His "Axioms As Postulates" is a single article in Henry
defended by E. C. S. Schiller, of Oxford University. ·k is winning its way very swiftly in all civilized nations.
.
. St~rt:s "Personal Idealism," a~? sh~.ws the foolishness of
Humanism denies any value whatever to the anctent and bmldmg on any other assumed truth but that of modern
present philosophies as in any way sources of truth and scie~ce:.
. .. .
.
..
demands a radically new logic in philosophy. The old philHts Formal Logtc nddles -the old formal logtc of Pure
osophies are all built upon certain alleged "intuitions,". "pos- Reason," and shows the way to the real -human l·aws and ways
tulates," or assumed "unive·rsal truths," differing with each of thought.
.
.
.
philosophy, all of which Humanism denies to be more than
The_bO?ks ~re expenstve-now _$3.25 each-but wtll have
guesses and of no value as foundation for a system of "truth." to be m hbranes ?~ the futu~e _until they may ~e replaced by
They-the old systems-pretend to be results ; of "pure reas- better l~ter exposthons _b y dtsctple~ of Hu~ams~: Dr. John
on," human "reason" divorced entirely from other parts of Dewey ts a thorough-gomg. H~mamst, bu_t hts wntmgs are t~o
human nature, and working strictly according to the old techn~cal fo~ any ~ut spe_c!ahsts who read up to the hour m
"formal logic;" as Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason." Hu- techmcal phtlosophtcal ~ntmgs.. .
., .
The final_ chapter of ~r. Bntlmg Se~s It Thr~mgh· ts conman ism says that "pure reason" is pure nonsense, human
reasoning being always guided chiefly by human emotions and fessedly bmlt on the basts ?~. Pragmatism, .a~ ts, ~f course,
wills; and the "f{)rtnal logic" of "pure reason" is formal non- ~!so the whole of Mr. \Yells ~od, The InviSible Kmg"; but
sense, our reason never working in accordance with its "laws," ~t must be r~m~mbered m reading thos~ pag~s that Mr. Wells
ts a ?e~ dtsctple, an ama~eur, a tyro m phtl_osophy, and ~h.e
but always swayed by desires, hatreds, fears, and wills.
Humanism denies that there are any universal, intuitive, or re~l . stgmficance. of Humamsm must not be JUdged from hts
revealed "truths," humanity slowly working _o\tt all such wntmgs.
notions in its slow evolution. "Truth is that which works"hence "Pragmatism" as the method of the new Humanism ;
"Practicalism" it means; truth recognized and proved out only
(Continued from Page 23)
by testing, experimenting; as in modern science, so in every
region of human thought and effort. Hence "truth" is never cause the ·united States needs them. We opposed preparedmore than a working hypothesis to be tested by experiment, to ness because we believed that it was un-American and opposed
be dropped themoment it is replaced by truer "truth," All to the dictum of that unquestionable patriot-George Washlong-cherished beliefs are to be received not as 'truths" en- ington-who, in his famous Farewell Address, solemnly warnduring, but as human attempts to find out truth, and to be ed the American people never to become involved in the diptested each in turn. Modern science must be the firmest basis lomatic entanglements of European countries.
, we can yet -find for foundation "truths," because its pragmatic
All of the candidates for president and vice-president of the
method is the only sound one. It is basal only in s.o far Socialist party have been thorough Americans. Gene Debs.•
as It confines its statements of "truth" to its own physical born -in· Indiana; Job Harriman, born in Indiana; Ben Hansphere; and ·then Metaphysics may come in to build on science ford, Allan L. Benson, who traces his parentage to the "May
foundations such probable · "truths" abo·ut invisible things or Aower"- these men, while interna6onalists and social r"volubeings as human desires, 'thinking and will-to-believe make tionists, are at heart thorough Americans, and have every na- ·
probable enough to lead one to active faith. So that "religion tiona! interest of America at heart.
is betting one's life that there is a God," and the religion of
The absurd charges of anarchism hurled at Socialists who •.
jesus is betting one's life that God is the · loving Father of opposed the war have no foundation in fact. Most of them
Jesus, and acting as nearly as possible accordingly, just as have been the result of the insanity of patriotism to which,most
1
Buddhism is betting one's life on the · divine inspiration of of our critics are now subject .
.
Mohammed, Christian Science betting one's life on the divine
Patriotism most often, as sqmebody has aptly said, -is the
inspiration of Mrs. Eddy, etc., etc.
negation of the 'results of mental processes. It is the result of
In a stitdy of Humanism for practical purposes-which the instinct of herd-union- an inheritance of all ·gregarious
every thinking person should make--one may read first Pro- animals. There is a natural craving for the expression of this
fessor SchiHer's "Humanism." One should give a first rapid instinct. And war provides an opportunity for men to flock
reading, not trying to work it all out critically, to understand together for a drink of this nectar ·o f emotional patriotism.
··everything, but just to get the run and . feel of it; for Schiller Men are th~n perfectly willing to be dead, provided they may
is.. a lineal successor to William James in his incomparable be dead in a pile.
lucidity, freedOm from technical terms. (to an extent unknown
There are a few of us who believe . that the grave national
by other philosophers), and engaging and illuminating humor, and international problems that pres.s upon us for solution can
and his _d rift and, argument can mostly be thus appreciated hy be solved only by an unadulterated application of reason and
-the unaccustomed lay reader. HE HAS WON OXFORD, the commonsense. We have a deep distrust of the instinct ,o f pat..r . _
. ~qcient, _stronihold .of the old philosophies and formal logic, riotisp~ as a means of arriving at logical conclusions; ancl+¥
s6 that Wilfiam Jame$ had a great hearing there and its rigid- not believe that such a procedure proves that we are anar.chists.
\ ily of centu~es is now breaking up to let in this new light~you?
·
Are Socialists Anarchists? .
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�· Western #Comrade
Co-~operatlon
I
Not~s
.
-the W~otld ··over
A b·o u t t h e C h i e f Co· ·o p e r a t i v e s G I e an e d f r o m M a n y Sources
The Strength of British Co-operation
The ·co-operative societies of Great Britain distribute nearly '$1,000,000,000 worth of commod!ties to their members annually. The "profit,"
· or more properly speaking, the savings to their members amount to .
$100,000,000 a year. Of this amount $65,000,000 are returned in cash
to the members i_n the form of "dividends." The British Wholesale · SOciety supplies 1200 societies. It owns its own steamships. It has thirteen great warehouses. It- gave $100,000 toward the construc"Jion of the
Manchester Ship canal along which are its . great ·Hour mil\s. it is the
largest purchaser of Canadian wheat. Its eight Rour mills are the largest
in Great Britain. These mills turn out 35 tons of Rour every hour for
the people who own the mills.-James Peter Warbasse
• • •
Co-operation-The Ideal
Who is so biind that he cannot see the establishment of "a stale within
a state", as Lord Rosebery has defined consumers co-operation, a state
without boundaries except the limits of the earth itself, without traqe wars,
without industrial autocracy, without hunger or poverty?
-E. Ralph Cheyney.
$20eo'
a week."
being done in the store. We are doing a business of abou!
. <?ur plan of selling at t~e regular market prices, and then . returning
dtvrdends on .the purchases, ts adopted from the English rule~ which have
proven wonderfully successful in· that and other European countries, ud
whtch JUles we have followed very closely in formulating our org_anization.
We pay 5 percent on our share capital or stock, which is 2 percent better·
.
·
than the local banks are paying.
·Our dividends for the first. quarter were 5 . percent on purchases to
members, and 2Yz percent to non-members. We expect this will be considerably increased the second quarter ending September 30th.
Other co-operative stores are being organized in neighboring cities, and
we b~lieve our organization is founded upon such sound ·principles, with a
workmg plan so complete that we shall become a nucleous around which
will gather many successful orgaqizations, whose growlh will develop
wholesale possibilities, as well as manufacturing and farming enterprises
arid distribution systems tha t will lift many of the burdens carried with
so much difficulty by those .who live by their labor.
.
'Ihanking you for the opportunity to have expression through your
publication, and with very kind regards, I am. sincerely yours,
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Manager.
. .• .
Co-operatives Save Russia from Anarchy
The California Fruit Exchange
Up to within a few years ago, fruit-marketing conditions in the state
- of California were wretched and the income of the fruit-grower an exceedingly precarious one. "Trimmed" by the questionable tactics of
Eastern dealers, and driven to desperation by the dropping of selling
prices to the lowest possible limits, a group of eighty growers assembled
in January, 1901, in the city of Sacramento, and organized the "California
Fresh Fruit Exchange." In 1907, a reorganization was affected and the
name "California Fruit Exchange" was adopted.
The California Fruit Exchange is an organization controlled, operated
and owned exclusively by friut growers. At the present time it is marketing for 1800 fruit growers. of California about 3000 carloads of fruit
per year. By eliminating the wastes of competitive marketing, the highest possible net returns have been secured for the growers. The Traffic
department of the Exchange has collected from transportation and refrigerating companies over $350,000 damages for its members. The Ex'
change also acts as a purchasing agent for the growers, buying at the
lowest possible cost practically everything a grower needs to grow fruit.
So successful and so powerful has the Exchange become that it now
considers the whole of America its selling field, and is extending its
marketing facilities to Cuba and South America.
· -GEORGE H. CUTTERN, President.
:,.
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"I look upon co-operators as the salt of the .working men ."-Ch·arles
· Kingsley.
"Of all the ag~ncies which ·are at · work to elevate those who labo r
with their hands, thert! is none sci promising as the present co-operative
moverrient."-John Stuart Mill.
• ••
Kalamazoo Co-operative Society
Our organization was started early in the Spring by a few people
who have given the matter much thought and study for several years,
and after acquainting themselves thoroughly with the plans which proved
most successful in England. It seemed. a psychological time for starting
such an enterprise when all the necessities of life were steadily adnncing.
Sub~cription cards were circulated calling for paym~nt only when 300
shares had been subscribed (at $1 0 per share) and 200 members secured,
the desire being to secure a membership large and loyal enough to support
the store fr9m the start by their purchases, so that we should not depend
vety largely upon tr~n sienl trade.
A sklre was secured centrally loca ted in the up-town district and a
pro_gressive manager hired who was experienced in the retail grocery
business. The · store was opened for business on April 16th, and for the
balance of the month did a business of a little less than $2000 .. The
total business for the first quarter or ten weeka (not counting the first
two eeks in April) was in excess of $17,000, the June sales alone being
more than $9000, and \he stock of goods being turned over llbout five
times' in· that period of ten weelts.
' · OUr· present n{embenhip is something over 300 .and we are adding
•hnut.. ·seven to ten ew ones udt~ week, practiclllly ·all of the soliciting
The co-operative movement which has played the role of a decisive
factor in the latest crisis wil be felt as the most powerful constructive
force in all the further developments of the Russian revolution: This is
force in al the further developments of the Russian revolution. This is
the only social movement which reaches almost every Russian village
and repre_sents the real spiri t of the country. Not long ago the Russian
c.0,:9pera hve movement celebrated its fifty years anniversary, and it was
calculated that a t ·that moment there .were over 35,000 co-operative
organiza tions in Russia, with a membership of almost 12,000,000.
Co-operation is most prevalent among . the peasants and every member
of a co-operative organization represents a whole family.
We_ cannot but accept the estimate offered by the present Secretary ' of
Supphes, _Mr. Prokopovitch, who is a recognized authority on the Russian
co-opera t~ve movem~nt,_ that the total actual membership of the Russian
co -opera hve · o rgamzahons approaches 60,000,000. Modem armies,
which ~re . numerically much smaller than the above figure, are often,
and qmte JUstly, spoken of as an "armed people." What shall we say
then abou t the a rmy of the Russian co-operative movement, which numbers in its ranks ab_o ut one-!hird of the great country's total population!
The recent Ru s~ra? elec hons resulted in practically complete victory
for the hberal Soctahst element, with the elimination of radicals of' both
r~ac ti o n ary and revolutionary tendencies. One phenomenon of the elechon, h owev~r, was the.. _sel_ection of a. vast number of officials wtihout any
party affihahon and therr mRuence · wrll be great in shaping affairs in the
new rep'!hlic.- Seattle "Union Record."'
\
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Upton S i n·c lair's
A MONTH~GAZINE:
For a Clean Peace and the Internation.
Price Ten Cents a Copy.
$1 a Year
Ten Yearly Subscriptions for $5.
IJI
Because this is the greatest crisis in human
history, and because I have something of importance to say about it, I have begun the publication
of a magazine.
tj If in the past anything that I have written has
brought pleasure or enlightenment to you, I ask you
now to read what I have lei say in this magazine.
fl If you can't risk a subscription, drop me a
card for a sample copy free.
UPTON
SINCLAIR
1497 Sunset'" Avenue; Pasadena, California
j 'f .
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Page thirty-two
The
We
,
_Cof!.ar-ade' ·
· [~conS:
...
By D. Bobspa
1EN COMMANDMENTS OF SOCIALISM
By
Robert
Addison
Darue
I. Thou shalt not own for profit the crude or ·raw materi~ls
provided by Nature such as lands, water, fuel, minerals, air, sunlight, elec tricity, and other public necessities and utilities, which
all the people must use to live. These should be owned by the
people collectively.
II. SiY. days shalt thou labor. at some useful occupation, with
head or hands, and receive the full value of thy toil; and thou
shalt not steal from others the rewards of their labor by means of
speculation, monopoly, stock-watering, interest, rent, nr profits.
IlL Thou shalt not worship PROFITS as thy God (because
profits is the getting of values from others wi thout rendering ar
equivalent therefor). Thy God shall be Infinite Intelligence, whose
attributes are justice, wisdom and love.
IV. Thou shalt keep seven days of each week holy by dealing
justly with thy fellowmen and doing unto all others as thou wouldst
that they should do unto thee.
V. Thou shalt honor thy father and mother, also all men and
women and shall provide pensions for all whose age exceeds sixty
years, sufficient for their support thP remaining years of their life.
VI. Thou shalt provide maternity homes for all prospective
mothers.
VII. Thou shalt not require children to work in shops. mmes,
or mills, or other industries, but shall send them to school , where
they may be educated free of expense to themselves.
VIII. Thou shalt promote and maintain the equal social, political,
and religious righ ts and privi leges of men and women alike.
IX. Thou shalt have unrestricted liberty to enjoy such religion
as thy conscience approves (if it is not detrimental to the public
welfare) and thou shalt defend the right of all others to the same
privilege; and thou shalt at all times defend the people's right
to freedom of speech, free assemblage, a free press, free public
schools. and religious liberty.
X. Thou shalt by thy ballot and by all other legal means a t thy
command, do all thou canst do to abolish the co.mpetitive system
o.f industrialism, under which, for profit, men compete, contenC:,
cheat, fi ght, rob, and kill
1 HIS GOOD COMRADE DAGUE
_Spiritualism; contains the modem beatitudes of the twin forces of So.,.
cialism and Spiritualism. ·
Th~re i~ _a lofty, inspired lone to l~e chapters of _this volume; a beauty I
and stmphctty of language; and the smcerity of a noble soul. The writer
has produced his masterpiece here. It is distinctly a book for AIL people.
None but would profit by its~ study. The simple faith-knowledge based
upon scientific demonstration, the result of a life of service for humanity;
the cumulative knowledge of a figure cast in heroic mold" is here condensed into inspired paragraphs of a message devotional, practical and
prophetic.
~
MAGAZINE TALK
"The Dead Line" for J anuary begins the second 'lap of its career with
a bang-up style tha t is most satisfying to the newspaper profession and the
writing fraternity in generaL But it is worth while for general circulation as an educative journaL If you want an intimate view ~f the
men who write your papers, magazines and books-views penned by
themselves- you can gel it nowhere outside ot "The Dead Line."
De Lysle Ferree Cass is big chief of the enterprise ~nd without him we
who write would be without this friendly organ. Cass is 100. percent
there. There with both feet, willing to live an ideal and with the grit
and brains to make · good at it.. I have been asked to accept a pface on
the advisory board of this magazine. Glad to accept, for a man like
Cass and a magazine like "The Dead Line" is worthy of any man's most
earnest support. It is a magazine deluxe. But it's on solid earth. ( 189
West Madison Street, Chicago, Ill.)
·
• • •
Two supp ressed essays of David Hume, to be found only in · a small
edition of 1773, are reprinted in the December number of "The Open
Court." Dr. Paul Carus, editor, secured a book from the Yale Univer-.
sity Library to copy these long-suppressed essays on "Suicide'' and "On
the Immortality of the SouL" Another interesting contribution along sim·
:Jar lines is General Von Moltkc's dissertation, "Consoling Thoughts on
Earthly Existence a:nd Con fidence in an Eternal ·Life." The religious views
of this stern old German officer .are somewhat of a surprise. Taken with
Humes essay, we have the opposing sides of an imporl'!nt topic, as
viewed by the past generation. The same issue of "The Open Court"
contains an illustrated article on the rubber industry, showing the gathering
of the rubber from the trees; also a valuable paper, "Speculation in
Science and Philosophy,': by John Wright Buckham. The magazine sells
at ten cen ts a copy.
• • •
"The Little Review" for December lies on my desk. I have read all of
it. It "isn't always so bad as it sometime\ is" and the absence of picture~
The above commandments are a part of the newes t book from that
is a welcome relief. Even my benighed b-rain is able to extract some
grand o.ld fi ghter for Socialism and Spiritualism, R. A. Dague. Comrade
Dague, 'for ten years hopelessly bed-ridden, shut-in , is as optimistic and I pleasure from some of the selections, but, as low in the scale of intelligence
to me. But I'll not knock any more. I like to read the magazine, for
enthusiastic at seventy-seven as he was forty years ago, when he began
there is more than enough stimulation in it io pay for it. Some original
a national ..career as a Spiritualist writer.
as it may brand me, I have yet to see anything in Ezra Pound that appeals
These Ten Commandments of Socialism arc from his vital book, " The
musical criticisms by Margaret Anderson, contributions from Ezra Pound;
Twentieth 'Centut y Bible." Get it, comrades. It is published by The
May Sinclair, Wyndham Lewis, Louis Gilmore, Hart Crane and Israel Solon;
Progressive Thinker Publishing House, I 06 Loomis Street, Chicago, Ill.
and some translations from the Chinese poet, Po Chu I, are included
The price is 75 cents, postpaid. 1l1e little book can be carried in the
pocket, and it will pay all comrades to have it close at hand to study often.
inside the brilliant covers. I have no quarrel with those who like the
There have been many bibles, none of them final or infallible. Dr.
esoteric in modern art ...
Dague, scholar, lawyer, writer, lawmaker, editor, and comrade, standing
MORE "KIDBOOKS"
at the apex of a long, active and useful career, has felt "the fires of
Bob has had me read his "Kidbooks' this week : has listened to them
inspiration in writing this Twentieth Century Bible. It is one of the
from his mother; called upon his auntie to read them, and still demands
truly significant books of the age.
,r
a rehearing of the case. These two little .b ooks are really splendid stories
Senator Dague is one of the rarest comrades of our times, like Debs
for children-"Nixie Bunny in Faraway Lands" and "The Teenie Weenies."
and .Phifer, a forerunner of he better day. For the past few years I
In "Nixie Bunny" many interesting facts are learned of foreign peoples
have been trying to bring before the Socialist, labor and radical forces
and other lands. The Bunny gentleman and his following of rabbits eaten
the spiritual message of the new era of Humanism. This is the work these
men have been doing. Comrades will do well to examine the stirring
and hold the attention of the child. As supplementary readers in school
appeals of Eugene V. Debs in this light; to get in touch with the work of
or for individual children in the home, the "Nixie Bunny" series are amontl
Lincoln Phifer in his magazine, "The New World"; and · by all means
the best to be found. They are written \>y Joseph C. Sindelar.
to study, to own and cherish, R. A. Dague's Twentieth Century Bible.
· A dose second in interest is William Donahey's "The Teenie Wea¥s."
Comrade Dague writes me that his religion is Socialism; that Spiritualism
Seventy color pictures and a few verses help to · make the 'doings of'ihe
is a science. Many of ' the world's clearest thinkers have felt and freely
wee bit folks of interest. The Teenies do what moll children do.
expressed this idea-Lincoln, Wallace, Longfellow, Bryant, Whittier,
Both these books sell for 45 cents . each. They are clean, wholaome,
Greeley, William Lloyd Garrison, and hundreds upon hundreds more of
educational and entertaining material. (Beckley-Cardy Co., 312 Raadolpb
., lheir type. His Twentieth Century Bible ~ves the ten commandments of
Street, OUcago, Ill.)
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Comrade
Moonlight
(Continued from Page 13)
had an open honesty, and his kindness permitted no satire.
Hu humor and spon\aneity were always bubbling up and
.......
_
sparking in grey-blue eyes that had a ·dean, young look. His
voice was free and firm, of the out-doors, with a · freshness
untouched by cynicism; a happy voice always--and sometimes
so tender! His whole face was g<¥><1 to look upon. There was
not a line in it to tell of an unclean deed or thought. His
skin had a glow that proclaimed regular habits, and his hair
was crisp and virile, and yet boyishly soft. And he was tall,
broad, well-knit, powerful-his tenderness being the more
tender because it came from strength.
But looking it all over dispassionately, she saw that her
f~th~r was right. Joe was as good as far as he went-<>nly he
d1dn t go far enough. At school, she had learned to require
more depth in a man. Yet, no one else she had met could
supply the thrill that Joe's presence had always given. ·No
one else by his absence could give her that sense of emptiness,
nor could the approach of anybody else send the blood to her
creeks, the gladness through her veins. Must she admit to
herself, that what she had considered "love" two years before,
was only physical attraction? She shuddered. The thought
· was disgusting. Such an emotion was henceforth to be ruled
out of her life-so she had decreed after she had understood
the matter from her reading.
. And yet, as ~he stood there in the wonder of the evening,
m her was surgmg the world-old call of love. Was it physical
love? Or the esthetic love of the nature-world about her?
She could not know. She looked about her again at the
dewey beauty of a night, glorified by the rising moon. The
same moon that had given her the same feeling two years
before! In the magic of that moon, she could surrender as
gl~dly as she had surrendered, in those days before she had
gamed the knowledge that left her knowing as little as she
had before.
The sweetness of those days came rushing back to her.
How much meant the old pasture gate with its overhanging
elms? How often she had met him there in the summer
e':emngs on a Sund~y, when he came down from his home a
~~1~ away! :Sometimes he would be walking-sometimes
ndmg. She hked the riding best. It was romantic to hear
the cl<'pe, elope of horses' hoofs, pounding at a dead run for a
Jong wa~ up the road. She could tell just when he would slow
d?~· d1sm.ount, come over to the gate. She would always be
h1ding behmd the tree, and he would always pretend to wait
:
for her, as though he did not know she was there!
But the dearest secret had been the letters, in the crack of
·the old weathered gate post. Every evening he would leave
t note there, and every morning, gathering fresh flowers for
~e house she would pass, get it, and hide a letter there for
h!m. No matter how hard he worked all day, how late at
mght he had to come, she never failed to find a message
How faithful he had been then! Was he now? And did h~
think of her-<>f her ..love that would never die?..
The mo~n swam out of a cloud, and the golden light ga· e
re~hty to t~e ~ene. The hedges opposite, along the
shunmered lJl ~tlver, and_the gray fence posts glowed
~ey \!lele lost m the distance. The breeze stirred tmm the elms. It had been just like this the last night
together here-the night before her father told her
They had talked of her leaving for coiJege next
even the thought of Josing Lim then Lad 6Ded her
Sbe livecl over that scene
as she Lad
• tLe
his arms-the warmth of his cheek. "Joe-Joe,. she murmul"
ed again and again.
A sound in the distance roused her. She smiled at her own
foolishness at a sudden fancy, but slie permitted her fingers to
stray down the crack of the old post. She felt something
stiff. She started, hastily withdrawing her hand. -Then, feeling again, her incredulous fingers produceed to view in the
moonlight-an envelope.
She burned, and her heart pounded away-it seemed as
loud as horses' hoofs in the distance. She paused, listening,
her fingers crushing the paper nervously.
It was the sound of hoofs!
Nearer and nearer it came. She slipped behind the trunk
of the old elm. Nearer. faster-as fast as Joe used to come.
She almost expected the rider lo slow up, just behind the
curve in the road as Joe had. He ,was slowing up. Again she
felt her pulses pounding. She shrank back further in terror,
?S she heard the horse fall into a trot, then walk, then stop
m front of the gate. Someone was getting off.
Cold fear held her breath. At night-out of call of the
house! Footsteps approached the gate and stopped. She
heard a fumbling.
A suppressed voice muttered, "Fool! Someone might find
that."
A moment of silence. Then the voice: "Gone!" The expression was. one of dismayed surprise, repeated blankly, almost a question.
She heard the gate creak. The chain was being unfastened. A man's figure came inside and leaned over the post
She could see the outlines in the moonlight.
Her heart had quite stopped now. The man stood still
with bowed head. At last he said in scarcely audible tones:·
"Jim, you don't know you're here to night, but you are."
. Suddenly he wheeled around, for a cry had escaped the
g1rl. She came out of the shadow and stood before him He
head whirled, and the words he heard seemed unreal: .
"Joe! Joe! You didn't know I was here -tonight, but I am."
For a moment tfiey--stood, trying to beli'eve their senses. For
a mom~nt _the moon seemed to shine more brightly on their
faces, hghtmg them beyond doubt. , The shadows of the leaves
wavered uncertainly.
. And the light faded, as the shadows of the figures blended
mto each qther.
To Our Readers
WHAT FEATURES IN THE WESTERN COMRADE AND IN TilE
LLANO COLONIST DO YOU LIKE TO READ BEST?
\~'hat one thing in ~ach of the Llano Publications appeals to you mot!?
Wluch do you ~rsl ":!sh to read when you pick up the magazine or the
newspaper; Is ~I lichon? Is it. lhe articles on some phase of the Soc:ialist
mo-:ement. Is 11 the .conlnbuhons of general and non-Socialist interet I?
Is 11 the. monthly arhcle describing the activities of lhe Llano del Rio
Co-operahve Colony? Is it the no let on co-operation, the reviews of
books, or Comrade Harriman '• editorials ?
. Write at once. Tell us the three kinds of maller which you like mo.t
~n the WESTERN COMRADE, in the order of what you consider their
unportance.
_'MUle we have. we believe, a . fair idea of what our readers like, we
Wish to proceed upon more cklinlle and accurate information.
Let us hear from you as soon as possible.
-THE llANO PUBLICATIONS.
- - o - - -·
~~erlbe
A Pouiltle &up '
children, if y- want to leam 1111ylhing wdl JDII _ ,
-t:......
Boy (at the foot of.....~)-"lfqw about ~ ~r
.
�The
Page ·thirty-four
Towards Autocra-cy
Freedom
of
Western
Comrade
Speech
(Continued from ~age I 0)
·.... 0.i1 : . :3\~ r
these quotations:
<tre ·men in all countries who get their living
by war,· and by keeping· up the quarrels of nations, is as
shocking as it is true; ~twhen those who are concerned in
the governmen~ of a co~ t:r make it their ~tudy ~0 sow aiscord and cultivate preJU ces between nations, It become~
the more unpardonable.
.
"There are thousands··who live by war; it is their harvest,
and thr clamor which these people keep up in the newspapers
and conversation passes unsuspiciously for the voice of the
people, and it is not until the mischief is done that the deception is discovered."
The above statements are not culled from current Socialist lit~rature. The were written more than a century ago
by the man who was ·the first to urge American independence,
who was bter banished from England for his defence of the
Rights of Man, and who was then elected a member of. the
F reuch Convention in recognition of his services to humanity-Thomas Paine. His wide experience in international
affairs invests his utterances on such a matter with authority.
Though written upwards of a hundred years ago, Paine's
observations apply with even greater force today. The hope
had been nurtured that the present war would produce so
strong a feeling of revulsion among the people's of Europe
and America that in the future they would utterly reject everything that made for war. But Instead, here in Americ<". military schemes so reactionary that three years ago no man in
public life could afford frankly to espouse them, are being
gravely discussed by our great newspapers and pompous statesmen as the future law of the land.
We already have war-time conscription. We now have the
prospective introduction into Congress of a bill designed to
establish a comprehensive system of compulsory military service. In a land that we are credibly informed was "con~
ceived in liberty and dedicated to the propostlon that all men
are credited equal," we are in danger of being stampeded
ito adopting a system that would make liberty a distant hope,
and would transform the semblance of democracy that we enjoy into something more than a semblance of oligarchy.
The creation of tremendous armies perpetually training. to
destroy each other! The pyschological effect of su.ch a condition in engendering national antagonisms would be difficult
to over-estimate.
Conscription is the friend of princes, not people's. It is
the natural enemy of liberty. Its songs are the songs of hate.
It plays into the hands of the forces of reaction. Its end is
not peace, but war.
Fervently praying for peace, we feverishly work for war.
It is like longing for a sight of the pastures of peace, yet
in~isting on hoarding a train that is bound for the city. of
strife:
- ALEC W. WATKINS
" '!.)·,,:
l !;ere
:)(.
:to
:)(.
Some Hat-At That
With a wild sweep the wind lorearound a sudden comer and removed
.the hat from the head of a respectable and nera-sighted citizen who
·
chanced to be paning.
Peering wildly round, the man thouhgt he saw his hat in a yard, behind
a high fence. Hastily climbing over, h~ started to chase it, but each time .
he. thaught he had caught it, it got yet another move · on.
Then .a wom~'s angry voic~ broke on ·his ears.
· "What are you c:loing there?" she demanded shrilly.
He explained mildfy that he was only trying to retrieve his hat. Where·
upo'n ! tlie woman said, in wonder:
''Your h't} Well, l don't know where it is, but that's our little blaclt.
,, hen your·~ c;tlaainJ."-"Womllll't Jo\'mal."
.
.....
-:--
their blood ran? Is it no permanent harm that tens of
thousand of people have bent to coercion and so lost a part of
that pride in' . their own strength which is essential to : good
citizenship? Is it no harm that the. temporary differences between a great leader a~d some of the most liberal elements m
the ~ounlry has already been"' made permanent? And finally,
in the conduct of the war itself, is it no hartn that the man
who cries for the extermination of every German s_trengthens
the morale of the Kaiser's armies with each word; while tho'se
who could most readily convince the Germans that not all
the United States is lighting for territorial or industrial conquest because they would not have warred at all are treated
as ctiminals, both by our · government and our people?
,. ,. ,.
Co-operation promotes independence, prevents pauperism and helps
people to rise above the demoralizing influence of charitable gifts. Its
conslan! aim is to give hopefulness to workingmen,. lessen the inequalities
that exist, and to diffuse more evenly and more humanely the luxuries
and wealth of he world.-British-Canadian Co-operative Society.
Can I Afford It?
How many times a day do you have to slop and ask that
question? You would like a nice house to live in; you would
like good clothes to wear; you would like good food to eat; you
would like to travel; you would like to have some pleasure in
life. You want all these things, but continually we of the work·
ing class who produce all these things must stop and ask: "Can
we afford it?"
·
And ninety-nine times out of a hundred the answer is, "No,
we cannot afford it." So we either go without or we live in a
hovel, wea' shoddy clothes, eat cheap food, travel on fool, and
sneak an occasional dime for a picture show. And why? The
workers made it all. We build the houses, grow "the wheat, feed
the cattle, weave the cloth. We have made all of the things
which we cannot afford to buy. Did you ever slop and ask why?
·Why don't you slop and ask why? Wouldn't you like to know?
It is because we have power and don't know how to use it.
Never was a wiser word .said than J. A. Wayland's statement:
..To remain ignorant is to remain a slave."
There is just one
thin(l you cannot afford to do without, and that is an education.
When the workers KNOW and realize their power, they will live
in the houses they have built. wear the clothes they have woven, eat
the food they have prepared. If you want to help yourself to all
of these things, begin today to complete ·your education. The People's College belongs to the working class. Let us help you
gel that education. Clip the coupon below and mail it to us today.
Put a cross before the course you are interested in:
MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY.
PEOPLE'S COLLEGE,
FORT SCCOTI, KANSAS
Dear Comrades :- Please send
the Course which I have marked
............ Law
............ Plain English
............Advanced English
............Public Speaking
............ Commercial Law
............Penmanship
me full information concerning
with a cross.
.., .........Elementary Arithmetic
............Advanced Arithmetic
............Elementary Bookkeeping
.............Complete Bookkeeping
............Shorthand
.............Algebra
�Com ra,de
fainting onto the Speaker•s desk. Her features were Kurned
" and one leg was broken. Occasionally she would rai.e her
head as though <to -speak.
.-- ·
(Contifmed from Page ' 25..)
A great .silence fell ove't the august gathering. No one
·
·
ones -began to assert the~selves. · Small irritations. grew to dared to move.
"At last, with a supreme effort, Carrie raised herself 'up on
. great ones; old scores were remembered; and, being armed
·
to the teeth it was easy to guess the answer. And, sure one leg, and clearing her· throat, began:
"Father," she gasped, "50mething has gone wrong. When
enough, trouble broke out i'n all directions. · Red war was
ablaze all ov.er the world in less than two weeks. The sight J left' her~ I .~as full of your wonderful messa,.ge, I startled
was sublime. The I;:.nglish at the time had a greater fleet of out to deliver 1t, but I seemed to be .speaking ouf of turn, for
Dreadnaughts than the Germans and utterly annihilated the I found few who cared to listen.
"And then came the great struggle for that ·fool ·island-it
latter, and the great fleet of Zeppelins was torn to pieces in· a
was awful, tlioligh even I, a sentimental woman, could under·
storm while trying to invade the British Isles.
The Agragarians · of Mexico took advantage of the with- . stand the importance of it; but now that it's all nver I've
drawal of foreign money from mii.itary .despotism ~md easily liurried back tn you with a sad tale-the island has disappear·
won back their lands, which they were about to divide, when ed again!"
"Gone!" shrieked the American delegate. "My God!
sowe planted Mexicans on the border raided an American
.
town, and of course, the government had to f.end troops intg Carrie, what do you mean~"
But Ca~ri.e had begun to giggle hys~ricafly and she to..und
that country to show the rebels their places.
·
·
By the end o.f December every count.ry in the world was it ·difficult to gD on.
However, betwe~n laughs she managed to tell them -that
prostrate from exhaustion except Great Britain and America,
while America put all her eggs into a new type called the Fear- when she was hurrying back to the conference and w~s about
nit class. It was exactly opposite to the British Dreadnaughts. half way a~ross the Atlantic she heard a terrible noise belo'f
Though quite as large, it had thousands of small guns of tre~ her. Lookmg down she saw Atlantis disappearing aaain into
· o
•
mendous energy. Everything vital to the ship was sub- the Atlantic. '
"As
I
passed
over
the
spot,"
she
said,
"where
once
the
m~rged·· -even the guns being worked from below. The superstructure was built of pines, like their military masts. Thus proud flag of America floated from the top of the battlethey could run close to the cumbersome big vessels and pour scarred mountain, I saw rising to the surface, bubbles- some
in a fire as from a thousand hoses-at the same time present red, some white, and some blue. I'd never seen any bubbles
a skeleton battle front to the enemy. They claimed that even before-oh •.they were beautiful! But when I began to think
though the big guns should strike them, the projectile would about that island I began to laugh, and say, I thought I'd die
pass right through, and at its worst, carry away only twenty before I got here. I could'nt hold my sides and fly. too. To
think-- "
or thirty small guns.
But she went off into peals of laughter she cnuld1' 't control.
These fleets did not meet until January tenth. The battle
Finally, she just rolled over and died.
·
was .. fought off the New Atlantic an~ lasted two days. The
Did they bury her?
din and roar was awful. Ship after ship on both sides sank
Jhey did not. They just P"t her back in the pictures, on
with all on board. The end of the first day found the Union
the tomb.tones, and on . the letterheads of the Peace societies.
Jack floating over the island-now cool enough to land on.
However, the victory was temporary, for the next morning
the · Americans, in a splendid exhibition of seamanship and
· marksmanship, managed to send the last of the' British vessels
to its doom.
w
At the end of the battle only one American ship remained
By R. A. Dag n·
· afloat, and it immediately raised the 'Stars and Strips over the
"Every pago of it holds spirit~:al ref•• , t.
conquered island.
sou),:'- Eugene V. Debs.
No sooner had the small boat returned from its patriotic
Price 75c
labor and the news flashed to America than the ·great ship
1 · began to settle- and almost before they knew what was hapAddress : Tl-16 PROGRE~S!"
pening the huge creature pitched forward and with one tre106 Loom:s Str<"•l. 1"\.:
. mendous plunk sank to the bottom of the sea.
· - This battle wa•s the closing scene of the war. Americ;~ w;1<
---aclrnowledged ~he victor in the greatest war of all time. :>ncl -~~----'-----·- - ··----though the sacrifice had been great the wize was worth it.
. A new Peace Conference was called at The Hague to ne1'\ 0 \'' I~
. r.
gotiate a treaty. It was a very different gathering than the
I :\ S T .\ L \ 1 [ \ ·1
one held only six short months ago. Bent and broken in spirit,
the delegates filed up to the Speaker's desk and signed the
covenant for their respective countries that gave to America
, the prize. They knew now that the Great Republic was su. preme and would arrogantly dominate the trade of the world.
But as the last name was signed to the treaty a wonderful
fJ Write a letter to the Membership Department.
commotion arose, for it was noticed that Carrie Pax was flapand learn what your support means at this time.
ping· violently against a large stained glass window of AnMembership Department :
drew Carnegie. In his excitement an Irish member hurled a
LLANO D£L RIO COLONY
book right through the Tiffany features of the great Peace
·and Carrie staggered into the hallowed temple.
Stabl.es, Louisiana
·KI!'cwtllde·r ed ~nd weak, she flapped aimlessly. about, trying
a mural painting with a hole in it. Finally she flopped
Tlie Painted Pigeon
I
The Twentieth Centurv Bib!F
r:. ·. .
WHY?
If.
�Tlae
Page thirty-siX
I..ouisiana-ing un-de . Luxe(Continued from tPage- 17)'
crew had supper we decided to go out a short distance and
camp for the night, and get an early start for El Paso.
Leaving Deming with its lights, music and gaiety after nine
o'clock, we crossed the bridge which was guafded· by soldiers.
We were stopped. When they saw our banners they volunteered the information that a similar-car passed a few minutes
ahead of us, which left word that EI Paso was the next objective point, nearly one hundred miles ahead. We had already traveled 150 miles, but we felt fresh and strong. After
a consultation we decided to go on. We then started over 1;Jnknown roads, with very poor lights. Our lights were execrable.
It was impossible to distinguish anything fifty feet ahead. Ten
miles from Deming, Enoc decided to go to the left. We
refused to follow, and bore to the right. We could see his
light zigzagging back a·nd forth as we gained the track and
·
began paralleling it.
In a few minutes we overtook a broken down car and was
about to pass when we thought we recognized Abe's red cap
in the faint glare of the headlight. We halted and found they
had attempted to fix a tire· until th~y were exhausted. We
gave them a tire. Soon they were ready and we decided to
travel all night, if necessary, to reach El Paso.
A light to the left glaring steadily proved to be Enoc's car
which raced toward us and crossed the track a half mile
ahead.. We quickly overtook him and told him our intention. With approving yells from Suhre and the Van Nulands,
we set out pell-mell on one of the wildest and most eerie rides
of the trip.
Shadows and shapes of things crossed the road. Bushes
suddenly appeared right in front of us and then disappeared.
Occasionally yuccas leaned toward us as if to bar our progress,
then suddenly 'swung back and let us pass. Imaginary animals
ran into the road and openings appeared only to disappear
when we were on them.
On we went, up grades, down g•1lches, over ruts and around
bends. The shadows still bothered and caused us to' slow
down for imaginary horses and steers. Winding down a perfect road it 2 a.m., we crossed the Rio Grande on a steel
bridge; and then began picking our way through tall rushes,
jet darkness everywhere. We could hear the water rushing
but could not see-the black road only ' intensified the impenetrable ghrom. At 2: 30 we ,arrived at a· place we thought
was the suburbs of El Paso. It proved to be Las Cruces, New
Mexico. We ·fumbled· a bit in getting out of Las Cruces, which
got us all in a disagreeable state of mind. Each wanted to
take a different road. At last we got on the Borderland highway which leads to El Paso.
The road seemed to rush, as a wall, toward us. It seemed
upgra~. yet the road was perfectly level. Trees on the side
loomed large and menacing; sentinels crossed and recrossed;
fantastical bands of sheep got in the way; droves of cattle
barred progress, and continually came and went. The road
appeartd to be ever turning to the right just beyond the range
of the fitful light. Places so narrow it seemed impossible to
wedge through, opened up when we got there and the same
MPe roads stretched on. The. lights were getting lower and
dimmer. Wavering from side to side, Babb would suddenly
waken, straighten up, mutter something, then relapse into silence and sleep again.
; At last he confessed }le coul<ln't stay awake and I got over
in his place. The car speeded up. Almost iminediately we
were in total darkness, the engine died, and the silence of the
night settled down and the mist dropped dismally from the
ifamp trees. Jess whizzed past and disappeared -in the inky
Weat,era
Co.ar•d•
blackness. We were left alone, miserable, tired, nerves frayed
and irritable. and .ready
fight our nearest and dearest.
Afte'" several sullen attempts io 'Start, we abandoned the
effort. Bal5b and I curled up in the blankets and immediatel:r.
fell asleep. Bruel and Kenney ~efused, and walked the liigb'!ay till daylight, expressing unmentionable thin..ss in the mean-
to
time.
At daybreak we again attempted to start the engine, but
it was eleven o'clock ~fore we succeeded"in making it run
on two cylinders. Thus we got to El Paso at 3 p. m., break- ·
fastless, dinnerless, and quite exhausted.
We stayed _two days in El Paso, enjoying the southern
sights, and left late on Monday afternoon, leaving Enoc and
Monahan behind. We camped that night at Fabens, twentynine miles east.
We passed through the pretty and up-to-date Abilene and
after many experiences of one sort and another, ·arrived at
Fort Worth, the great soldier city of the southwest. Thousands
of soldiers could be seen. After getting a comprehensive
view of the place, we started for Dallas, thirty-five miles beyond. We stayed overnight at Dallas. Eno<: and Jess were
·
ahead, Monahan behind.
In · the morning we left for Shreveport, La., 21 S miles
eastward. In the afternoon we overtook Jess who had broken
down. We ate supper together, and decided to leave.him a~d
travel as far as the good roads lasted. The roads got better,
the weather pleasant. We traveled on through the night and
at midnight decided to reach Shreveport. The ride was delightful, as fine roads run through the great forests.
Leaving Shreveport next morning, we got directions to
Stables, from our good friend the Ford man, and setting out
on the Jefferson highway, began the last part of the journey.
Magnificent pine forests appeared and we understood why
Lo4isiana is famous for her lumber industry.
Imagine our delight when we met Job Harriman and George
Deutsch, some forty miles from the colony, on their way to •
Shreveport I
The way was through forests and over dim trails. But we
managed it safely, and arrived at the colony after dark on
December 4th, and were cordially and vociferously greeted by
the big crowd on the hotel porch.
Thus ended our epoch-making and ever-to-be-remembered
trip of 2305 miles from Llano, California, to Stables, !-ouis.
"
tana.
"Shall J. P. Morgan
Own The Earth?" -a booklet which PROVES, by photographecl extracts from 1111
official U. S. Government Report, that the Morgan wealth ud
power are twenty times greater than realizecl. How Morgu
(after the war) c1111 manipulate a ""panic""; then buy cheaply
cofttrol of all vital industries; dispossess YOU of wealth; reduce MILLIONS to abject slavery. How he keeps knowledge of
this power suppressecl; how newspapen are controllecl; covernments and legislatures corruptecl. Price 50 cent.-and your
money back if not satisfiecl that the information given is' well
worth the price. Descriptive circular, teatimooial., ek:., free.
Agents want eel. Address:
JACK PANSY, Publisber, P.O. Box LC-307, Crud Rapids, ltic..
M
WANTED.-BOOKS for the Colony Library; · Fiction.
Boc!la for OUidren, ~tc., Address: Editor. Weatem Comrade,
I
�Page ihirty•tevea
Pierre
(Continued from Page 18)
·-
intact, and you can see. You are much better of{. than most
fellows here."
'
"Lam Pierre!" he explained. But the doors closed in his
face.
f
Pierre felt the tragedy of being .a man, for formerly he was
a ·god, though a hideous, a mocked gOd. He was hungry, and
he begged for 'work, but there were even now too many workers, and Pierre'~ hands, old and soft, could do nothing of value.
Pierre grew thin and aged, and he could no longer drag his
leg. He sat at the cross-roads, his hand outstretched, and
whined. Nobody paid attention to him. Some murmured,
"the lazy one!" others, "the shamless one, to beg of poor
people."
And Pierre stretched out his hand less and less, and whined
more and more feebly. And one day he lay down, at full
length, and he seemed to have grown much taller, and much
straighter, and he died of starvation and loneliness. He was
buried among the heroes of the war, for they had forgotten
who he was, and the priest made a long sermon Oll;;,.heroism and
sacrifice.
Latter Day Saint-ism
-
(Continued from Pase II)
----:-----:---:-
relative to Christ and His mission and led away from the truth,
will have an opportunity in the world to come of accepting
Christ as their Lord and King and becoming members of His
church by approving the proxy work done by friends and relatives who are living, whose "hearts have been turned to their
father's," etc. (Malachi, Chapter 4, verses 5:6). This is in
line with I Peter, 4:6, "For this cause was the Gospel preached also to them that are dead that they might be judged according to men in the flesh but live according to God in the
~~
-
Latter Day Saints believe "in the literal gathering of Israel
and in the restoration of the Ten Tribes; that Zion will be
built upon tnis continent, that Christ will reign personally upon
the earth, and that the earth will be renewed and receive its
paradisiacal glory." To the end that this shall be accomplished, they lend their sympathy and moral aid to the Hebrew
in his epdeavors to regain the promised land of Palestine; to
make of themselves a nation of free men. Thus it is self-evident that "Mormonism" so-called, has not been instituted for
selfish purposes wherein a few men shall exploit the whole for
their own aggrandizement, but it is for the good of all men,
rich and poor, bound and free·, living and dead.
This, in brief, tells -something of the organization, doctrines,
and inner workings of the Church. Its purpose is not only to
make converts to its theology, but to establish brotherhood
among the sons of men. It teaches that Amercia is the land
of Zion and the land of promise spoken of in the old scriptures. · That the law which shatl eventually govern the whole
earth will go forth from America; that the Constitution was
God-inspired and the spirit of that act has gone abroad in all
_-the world, modifying, shaping, and directing the governments
thereof. When the spirit of "Mormonism" is fully understood
and lived, there will be no more war, no more oppressl'on of
, the hirelin'g in his wage, no more robbing the widow of her
- rights. Then men will find a brother and a friend in all Ian&
and have equal rights out on the seas and "under the sun." ·
In .achieving this, Mormonism expects to play ·its full part,
:1bltint:aininK and believing that aside- from the Gospel of the
_ ...... -··~· Christ there can be nothing that is desirable. praise-
worthy or of good report; that it circumscribes all good arid
eschews all evil; that in order· for the innate selfishness of ·
men -to be overcome, so when dothed upon with a little brief
authority he will not exercise unjust dominion over his fel- .
lows, as manifested in bewildered Russia and ' bleed.ing Europe
today, there must be a deep-seated religious conviction that
Jesus is the Christ and that men must serve him if true peace
and brotherhood obtains. It is this conviction in the past that
has made martyrs of -men for freedom's cause and that will
wei,? nations into one. homogeneous whole, thus us)lering in
the Messianic dispensation a Theocratic Government, with
Christ as King and the people so11ereign.
"The Truth~ Abol,lt
The Medical Professio~"
By John A. Bevan, M. D.
Columbia University
(Inventor of the <Esophagoscope)
Paper Bound, Postpaid
Price
FiftJ. c!eata
The result of clinical and pathological researches
at Guy's Hospital, London, and the Bellevue Hospital, New York.
BENEDICT LUST, ·N. D., D. 0., D. C., M. D., writes: "The
book is splendid and will. help to enlighten many skeptics who
£till believe in medical superstition."
Prof. DAVID STARR JORDAN, M. D~ writes: Ml have
looked over the book called 'The Truth About the Medical
Profession.' There are a great many things that are forcelul
and truthfully said."
·
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW writes: ''There are some quite
interesting and important things in the book.''
LLANO PUBLICATIONS, STABLES, LOUISIANA
"Something for nothing is the curse of the age.''-job Harriman
The Equitist
discusses the Source of the Power to get something for nothing,
and shows how to destroy that power. It will interest you
whether you agree or not.
1
W~ekly. $1 a year; $1.50 to foreign ceuntries. Sample on
request. Edited and published 'l.y W. E. Brokaw, Longbranch, ·
Washington.
·
A B S E N T M E M B E R _S
INSTALMENT MEMBERS
WHERE
ARE
YOU?
rwe want to g~t the address of every instalment member and
every absent member of the Llano del Rio .Colony.
Many have not kept us informed of their whereabouts . We'
have information of importance for every instalment member.
and absent member.
Readers of this notice are asked to anist us in getting in
touch with these pero4>s. We want. to communicate with them
at once.
Membership Department:
LLANO DEL RIO COLOKY
Stables, Louisiana
/
�Co
Page thirrf-eigbt
Was Schmidt Guilty?
,{Continued fro~ P.age 29)
Direct Mail Advertiser's Reference Book
,
Just from the press. A practical business encyclopedia for the direct mail advertiser. Covers
entire field in its relation to your business.
The following partial table of contents shows ~orne of
the reasons why you should send for a complimentary copy
of this valuable reference book:
f'The economical efficiency of Direct Mo.il Advertising.'~ ·
'
f' How to multiply your ability, experience and energy."
t' Art, lithographing, and color printing club plan."
f'How Purchasing Departments us e Mailing Lists.' ~
!'The comparative value of 1c and zc posta ge .''
f'Map graphic charts: population, agriculture, live sto~k . etc.'~
!'Testing new plans and policies."
f' Analytical ad"ertising and sales promotion."
f' Picture gallery of reasons why.'~
f' Dealer help su gges tions.'~
!'Helping your salesmen."
t' How I found my livest prospects in five minutes."
Brice for the first · time at Mrs. Lovin;s house.
That Brice came there with Mrs. Ingersoll an!:l
the doctor. That he did not telephone Brice• .
before that da:r. That he was never .at tht< Ar'"
gonaut hotel. That he was never in the ·?flice
of the Giant Powder company. That he did
not hire the boats "Pastmie" nor "Peerless."
That he did not buy the letters. · Tha~ he did
not visit the Miramar care. That he did not
go to the Giant Powder works. That he did
not land at any of the wharfs with the "Peerless." That he did not place the powder in the
O'Brian cottage. That he did not write·. the
name Bryson, nor the advertisements. That ·h e
did not blow up the Times building, nor have
any connection, directly or indirectly, with .the
explosion.
He denied every charge that they laid at
his door. He took the stand like the man that
he is. He made a statement without equivocation. Why did they not entangle him? They
knew he was armed with the truth, and that his
statement could not be successfully assailed.
They submitted the case, and we submit the
case to you, with every confidence that you will
acquit. ·
Your Prospective Customers •
are listed In our Catalo2: ol99% ruarantee4
Maili112 Lists. It also contai ns yital auc•
eesdona bow to advertise and aell profitablp
by mail. Coun ts and prices eiven on 60(X)
dHJerent national Lists, coverine all ciUieS:
for instance, Farmers, Noodle Mfn., Hard•
ware Dlrs., Zinc Mines, etc. TAll NIIJ.
Gb" Rtf- Booj trw. Wdte lor lr.
...,
'.
.,
'.
West . Com.
$1
And One NEW SUBSCRIPTION or RENEWAL to
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS (both, a year, for
$! .00) will bring the BEAUTIFUL.------
Colony View Book
OF CALIFORNIA VIEWS-ALL REAL PHOTOGRAPHS
(not reproductions) mounted in a substantial way in a handsome Album.
(] This Colony View Book sells for $1 .50. There is only
a limited number.
THE
LLANO
Stable s,
PUBLICATIONS
Louisiana
J0
H N R E E D ' S Stories of the
Bolsheviki Revolution·
will appear exclusively in
The Liberator
A New Monthly Magazine published by
Max Eastman
Send in your subscription today I $I .SO a year.·
LIBERATOR PUBLISHING CO.. Inc.
34 Union Square, New York City
FIRST NUMBER JUST
oor:i ·
'
..
�Th e .
We s t ern
Comrac:ie
. Page thirty-nine
Does Co-operation Pay?
{C~ntinued from Page
26)
constant custom, a nd that means real success.
The co-operative store is more scientific and businesslike
than a priv.ate store because of the differencq between their
customs. But there are· other factors which make for the
economic superiority of the co-operaliv(! store over the nonco-operative. Two of these •. perhaps, shine predominant over
the others. One of the factors is summed up in the phrase,
"The consumers become their own shopkeepers." In most ~co- ·
operative stores, members do some of the work. · In some cooperative stores, members do most of the work. In almost all
.l>Uying clubs, members do all of the work. And in almost
all co-operat ive stores, members usually, at least, carry their
own purchases home. How much money this saves the poor
can readily be app reciated- and, as "Mr. Dooley" sagely re~
marks, "Wa n iv th' sthrangest thin gs about life is that th'
poor who need th' money {h' most, ar-re th' very wans that
nin:!r ha Ye it."
Another factor in making the co-operative store the most
businessli ke sort of store is th at the co-operative store system
la rgely combines 'the advantages of small a nd large scale retail
dis! ri hution. The co-operative store system is not concerned
with keeping its unit of distribution " smaller," as Fay puts
it. "tha:t the density of it s area of membership allows." Consequentl y. it is in much the same position as the department
store. Holyoake states tha t a co-operative store of modern
dimensions will do the business of one hundred shops. Therefore , reckoning the relative numbers of fittin gs, rents, taxes,
clerks, lighting a nd heatin g apparatuses, and advertisements
needed , th ere will be a saving of 590 charges to the co-operati ve store, ftgured Holoake. St a tistics undoubtedly demonstrate that in both Great Britain and Germany while the
trade o f the societies is consistently increasing, the number of
stores is almost at a standstill.
"Three helping one anot her will do as much as six singly,"
runs an old Spanish saying ; and there is an Indian saying that
should accompany it , "For one ma n to do good to another is
good for both; for one to do ill to another is bad for both."
. There is prohably no truer applica\ion of these principles than
to the conduct of- a store. For certainly the larger the custom
the la rger the gain. And where this gain is returned to the .
members, the more members there are the more does each individual member receive. It is indeed a case of "the more the
merrier." Holyoake once made a n examination into the relat ive sta tus throughout' a year of 100 co-operators and 300
purchasers -at private dealers. He found that out of the 300,
150 were not the penny the richer at the end of the year
because of their purchases, and · 150 were actually in debt;
while the 100, averaging a weekly expenditure of $5.00, had
had $2500 returned to them in dividends. Does co-operation
pay?
"In the world's history," Professor Marshall, the great English economist, said at the Ipswich congress, "there has been
one waste product so much more importa nt that all the others
that it has a right to pe called THE· waste product. It is the
ability of the working classes, the la tent and undevelopchoked-up a nd wasted fa culties for higher work, that
lack of opportunity ha ve come to nothing." Professor
Ma rshall con tinued th at co-operation was the greatest, if not
the only, eliminator of this waste product. If he is -right, this
and this alone would make co-operation amply pay.
. Another consideration in favor of consumers' co-operation
is that it . leads to that love of excellence in work and purity
in food which conduces to taste and health that res·ult in
,e conomy.
~eorge Bernard S~aw speaks of "the stupid levity with
whtch we tolerate poverty as if it were. either wholesome tonic
for lazy people or else a virtue · to be embraced as St. Francis
e'?lbraced it." He points out that poverty means ignorance,
dtsease, dirt, slums, "scabs," prostitution, and hell on earth,
and that all .these are highly contagious. He suggests that
"eve~y adult wit~ less than £365 a year shall be painlessly
but mexorably ktlled; ·and every hungry half-naked child
forcibly fattened and clothed. Would not that" he asks "be
an enormous improvement on our existing sys~em, which has
·alre~dy destr?yed so many civilizations, and . is visibly destroymg · ours m the same way?"
We cannot help answering this question with a sad but
definite "Yes!" But we know a better way of doing away' with
poverty. Perhaps the final answer to the questio11, "Does
c?nsu~ers' co-operation pay?" lies in the fact that co-operation wtll go far toward abolishing poverty altogether.
The .final argument for the co-operative movement is that
it is the least bloody and expensive and the most peaceful and
efficient of revolutions:
Pebbles From -Parnassus
By William J. Fielding
DAZZLING,
DELIGHTRJL,
DIDACTIC
This little volume .- of poems by one o f the most brilliant
of America's poets. is crammed with ·IJems of rythrnic thought
and expression. "Rymcs o f Revolt" will thrill the heart of every
true revolutionist.
Pric~ $1.00
Address : THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS,
Stables, L ouisiana
Colony Representatives Wanted
Trustworthy, responsible, compe tent agents are desired in
different communities to represent the colony and to interest
desirable persons in this enterprise.
Only men and women of constructive minds. self-sacrificing '
disposition, and energy are wanted . If you are willing to work
for the .-good of. a gr~a t cause in a wholly· constructive way,
you are invited to correspond with. the Membe rship Depa rtment
and to get the Representatives Propost >n. Persons actua ted
only by self-interest need not apply.
Membership Depart,;,ent
LL ANO
The
DEL
RIO
Int e rnational
COLONY
Language
· Esperanto
simplifies the language problems, ·opens up a new world of literat!!re. gives one a much better understanding of his motherlongue,- enables him to correspond with people a ll over the world,
and all this a t a compa ratively small outlay o f time o r money.
Send fo r a FREE sample copy o f AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO,
the offrcial organ of the Esperanto Association of North America,
and receive also a rala log of Books, ·etc., a nd full information
on how to lcflrn this wnndcrf ul language.
Please mention the Llano Publica tions.
THE AMERICAN ESPERANTIST . CO., INC.
Watertown, Waltham and Washington Streets
WEST NEWTON STATION, 130STON, MASS.
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AVE YOU A HOUSE TO SELL ?
Have :,·ou City Lots ?
.
Have you
Lands, unimproved or improved tha t
you wish lo dispose of ?
Far~
LIST Tl-lE.M WITH OUR LAND BUREAU. Perhaps we
can secure you a buyer, or a trade !
Do you wish lo make an investment? Have YOl! some
money you would like lo put out where it would be safe?
Perhaps we can direct you to some comrade who wants
assista nce a nd who can give you pe rfect security?
The Lla r.o La nd Bureau is established because of the many
req uests that ha ve come ask ing about selling land, soliciting
advice rega rdin g la nd, investments, etc.
This Bureau will be maintained primarily for the benefit of
those expecti JJ; to become memb~rs
the Colony, but it
will also offer it s se rvices to a ny who wish to make use of it.
No commissions ' will be charged those who expect to take
out membe rships in the Colony ; the La nd Bureau will be
purely a ma tte r of se rvice to them ; a small fee may be
asked, covering ac tu al expenses of listin g, advertising, and
handling.
Those who have property a re invited to communicate with
this department.
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LLANO DLL RIO COMPANY OF NEVADA
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1918-02
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1918-02
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n10_191802
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2018-08-06
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v05n10
Extent
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40 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/5f5d40ef56359d388824390fec74dd01.pdf
3dc10ff7f2cdee33e731289771460c9f
PDF Text
Text
'
.
oY'\
Louisiana
Number
Price
Ten Cents
This Issue Contains Contributions by
Job Harriman
Emma Goldman
Alec Watkins
Lincoln Phifer
Jessie Wallace Hughan
Clinton Bancroft
H. G. Teigan
Marguerite Head
Robert Whitaker
H. A. Sessions
J. G. Phelps Stokes
Robert K. Williams
Adolph Germer
D. Bobspa
A. A. George
Or. John Oequer
Walter Pritchard Eaton
E. R. Browder
�Yout Gateway to Freedom
Llano's 16,000 Acre Plantation In the Highlands of WeSlem Louisiana
T
HE Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony was established at Llano,
Los Angeles County, California, in May, 1914. It attracted
attention throughout the countcy because of the calibre of the
men who ~ere conducting it. Hundreds joined the colony and during ·
the three years hundreds of acres of orchards an_d alfalfa were planted,
a community garden was grown, and many industries were ~stablished,
among them being the· print shop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery, warehouse, machine shop. b!..cksmith shops, rug works, planing mill, lime
kiln, saw mill, dai1y, cabinet shop, nursery, rabbitry, hog raising,
lumbering, publishing, transportation, doctors' offices, wood yard,
vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barber shop, baths, swimming
pool, studio, commissary, hotel, drafting roorr., post office, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, and others as well as social
features such as the. band, weekly dances, instrumental quartets, . musical
societies, etc.
Not all were operating all of the time, but nearly all were successful. The social features of the Llano Colony at Llano were an unqualified success.
From the first, the intention was to form other colonies, extending
the work as rapidly as possible. The first extension has been organized.
16,000 FERTILE ACRES
After a n•tion-wide senrch, it was finally decided to purchase 16,000 acres in the healthful highlands of Vernon Parish in Western Louisiana, at Stables, one mile from Leesville, the parish seat of Vernon
Parish, This is about IS miles from the Sabine river, about 40 miles
from the Red river, (both navigable), forty miles from Alexandria,
I 00 miles from Shreveport. and about 200 miles from New Orleans.
The highlands of this district a re fertile, high, well-drained, healthful. There arc no swamps, no malaria, no mosquitoes. no fevers more
than are found in other sta tes. Health reports show that this portion
of Louisiana can compare favorably with any other section of the
u~~Le07 ..::~;;: 1i1ere j5 an abundance ~f drinking water of excellent
quality.
A most careful investigation was made regarding health conditions.
Reports compiled by the Health Department of Louisiana were studied.
Inhabitants of this district were interviewed. All agreed on the healthfulness of this portion of the State, and those who hav<:_ heard d•scoura~ing reports from Louisiana are invited to make further and more
careful investigation before arriving at conclusions.
The huge tract lies southwest of Leesville and has had most of
the timber cut off. Remaining along the creeks,however, are scat!ered pines of the long leaf variety to supply the Colony with building material for many years to come. About 1200 acres of hardwood timber worth many thousands of dollars are also on the land
and offer opportunities for the establishing · of many industries. The
timber is, beech, magnolia, white oak. cypress, walnut, post oak,
red oak, sweet gum, and hickory. The trees are splendid ones,
and this body of timber is not to be st·rpassed in quality.
A TOWN CAME WITH IT
When the purchase. was first contemplated, and it was finally
decided to buy the 16,000 acres near Leesville, it was found that the
lumber hamlet of Stables stood on the property. This was acquired with the land. .'\ hotel of 18 rooms, 27 habitable houses,
100 .other small houses. one shed 130x300 feet, one shed 130x200
feet, one shed SOx 100 feet, one store 30x90, one office 40x50, eight
other sheds and structure•. The lumber in these buildings, together
}vith other lumber on the place, amounts to about 2 milnon feet.
Ties for a railroad extend across the land. A concrete power house
and 5 concrete drying kilns ( cost to erect them, $12,000) each kiln
about 20x70 by 20 feet high, are also included. Stableo is on the
main line of the Kansas City Southern Railroad. This town will be
occupied for a while, but later a more systematically laid out town will
be built.
WHAT CAN BE PRODUCED ?
This is the first question asked. A careful investigation has been
made. No chances of mistake were taken. It is found that a great
variety of products do well here. Peaunts, sweet .potatoes, melons. of
all kinds, corn, cotton, and sugar cane, will be the best producers
and the best inco~-bringers. Vegetables· of all ltinds do well and
• berries will yield great returns. This region is not sufficiently' well
developed for fruit to make detailed statements possible, but from a
number of sources of undoubted reliability, assurance is given that
figs, peaches, prunes ,cherries, and similar . fruits can be profitably
grown. Cattle and sheep and goats can find forage d~ring nearly the
enhre year, while the raising of hogs is profitable because of the abund~ corn that may be grown her_!:.
PLAN OF DEVELOPMENf
. _F~rming
comes first ... The Colony thoro"ughly realizes the responsJbJhhes and the necesSJhes put upon it. Efficiency is insisted on, and
once each week foremen are required to attend efficiency classes. The
remaining workers are also given instruction. Records- are kept . showing use of time, a<.hievement, results, costs. There is a systematic and
orderly organization being perfected. Land is being cleared and plowed as rapidly as possible. With a complete understanding of the needs
of agricultural production, every available man is being put into farm
work. No department is exempt. Office workers and shbp workers
are required to put at least a portion of each day in working the soil.
This work takes precedence over all else. very avenue of waste is
bein~ closed as fast as discovered. Elimination of useless work and reduction of only partly. necessary tasks is insisted on. The aim of
the Colony is not only to support itself the very first year, but to
have an ample margin left over. This will take careful and systematic
planning. Through this care and foresight, the new Colony will be
able to take care of all of its residents, including increase. Housing
is simplified by the number of houses acquired with the property.
TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
A hotel, dairy, ran.ge stock, small laundry · ,store, blackSmith and
•machine shop, vulcanizing plant, gardens, hot beds, herd of goats,
some rabbits, s9me chickens, hogs, printing department, offices, doctors,
warehouse and material shed. are established departments now in op;
eration. Machinery for the shoe shop is here, but not installed. This
is true of the saw mill. A moving picture machine is already purchased,
with chairs, and benches for a theater. Plans are drawn and material
ready for the new theatre and . dance floor, these to be separate. The
school is givin11 practical instruction in grammar school subjects. T remendous progress is being made in every department, and the organizing
of departments is increasing the efficiency of the entire plantation.
WHAT ABOUf LLANO, CALIFORNIA?
The California Llano Colony will be left in charge of a comparatively few men to develop according to a definite plan to which
they will work. Orchards will be planted and cared for and the
property at Llano made very valuable.
The work of transferring most of the population as well as
the industries and the personal effects of the residents is a big task.
The sawmill, blacksmith shop, farm implements, some horses, cattle,
rabbits, and hogs will be left.
Residents and industries are being transferred in the order in which
they are most required.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
More detailed information is given in the "Gateway to Freedom"
which outlines the . idea of co-operative colonization, the reasons for
it, and what i• hoped may be achieved, together with the methods
to be used. The folder "Llano's Plantation in the Highlands of
Louisiana" floes into more detail concerning the new 16,000 acre
tract.
The new colony in Louisiana can support a population of perhaps
several thousand ., person•. It offers wonderful opportunities to all
who join. You are invited to write to the Membership Department
for full information about ar.y point not made clear, and answen to
questions you nsk. Address
Membership Department
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY, STABLES, LOUISIANA
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P o I
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A c I
o n
C o • o p e r a I
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S o c i a
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The Western Co.m rade
_"The Most Constructive Magazine for Socialism in America."
Entered as second-class {..alter November 4th, 1916. at the postoffice at llano, Cal.. under Act of March 3, 1879.
Application for entry as second-class matter at the postoffice at Leesville, La., pending.
JOB
HARRIMAN ............ Managing Editor
ALANSON SESSIONS ........ Associate Editor
·- - - -
ERNEST S. WOOSTER....Business Manager
Subscription Rate-!-75c a year; Canada $1; Single copies JOe; clubs of 4 or more (in U.S.) SOc. Combination with Llano Colonist, $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE, but are asked to give credit.
In making change of address always ~ive your former one so that tile mailing department may be certain that the right name is changed.
Please do not send subscriptions, changes of address, complaints, etc., to individuals. Address ALL communications to the Llano Publications, Stables, La. This paper will not assume responsibility unless th\s rule is followed.
The Western Comrade neither approves nor disapproves the sentiments expressed in cont ributions not signed by one of the editors.
VOL. V.
LEESVILLE, LA., DECEMBER-JANUARY, 1917-8
--------~--~=
T
No. 8-9
~~~~--------------
How can the Socialists of the
HE world kaleidescope has
Central powers fight the Socialist:;
shifted another scene.
of Russia?
The conservative ministry
By J o ,b Harriman
They not only will not fight
of the Kaiser has fallen and :1
them but they will fight for them
radical ministry has arisen.
The government of Kerensky has gone down and the and with them.
Around this fact will rally the constructive forces of
radical forces of Russia are in power.
the world.
The radical Russian government proposes hence
· Arrayed against them will be found imperialism and
forth to refrain from fighting.
The Kaiser refused to negotiate with any but the capitailism and militarism. And the greatest of these
Czars or the Provincial government, while the Socialist is capitalism.
The civil clouds of the world are dark and lowering.
forces of Germany, Austria, F ranee, and Italy promise
The nations may yet -be rent asunder by civil strife aristhe revolutionary forces of Russia powe.rful aicj.
There is now a profound and deep-seated civil re- ing out of the conflicting interests of the classes.
The rich are convinced that they arc right and every
bellion . against the I}aiser. The German Socialists will
not fight the Russian Socialists. Upon this we may de- additional burden confirms the in their conviction.
pend.
Being confirmed, the civil strife, once begun, cannot
The same state of affairs exists in Austria.
end until death of one or the other pays the penalty.
The chasm between the government and the people
After all, may not the pacifist be right?
of Germany and Austria is as wide as it was in Russia
---o--before the fall of the Czar, and the crisis is as imminent.
HE yellow peril is looming up like a great monster
. But the same crisis exists in England, F ranee, and
from the deep. It is more than 900,000,000 strong.
It already has 8,000,000 soldiers in the various fields of
Italy.
The "Literary Digest," quoting from the "London war.
The Chinese, the Hindus, the Turks and all of the
News," says:
"The Labor party has demonstrated its aptness for smaller Mohammedan coun tries, led to battle by the
the work to which labor aspires by producing the most J apanese, will make a foe that Occidental civilization
constructive and the most statesmanlike draft of terms cannot withstand: Baron Okuma, in his magazine,
of peace yet published by anybody. But such consid- "S hin Nihon," which has an enormous circulation and
erations will have no weight with the privileged caste. wields a tremend01;~s influence, is already kindling the
The privileged caste will not argue, because it cannot;
fire.
it will simply deny; it will simply block; it will simply
The J apanese hate the United States, hate England,
delude ; it will simply stick to what it has got-until it and hate all Europe.
They hate them because of their commercial tyrannies
is forced to let go."
The governments of the privileged castes of all this of the past, and they hate them also because they be~
world will wreck upon the same rock where the Czar met lieve 'that they will look to China as the only treasury
that can " heal !he wounds" inflicted by this terrible war.
his fate and where the l(aiser's ship is now grinding,Not only do Japan and China hate the Europeans for
before this war is over.
Editorials
T
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· Western
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their .conduct in the past, but they hate them also because of their power to compete for the Eastern treasures
in the future.
Their hatred will increase as their memones are refreshed by future losses,
L
A FOLLETf_E! He has lived the life of a skyrocket.
Apparently he is striking water and his fire is
being put out.
W}lat his future will be will not depend upon his
being right. Right or wrong, he will continue to sink if
·
Occidental civilization affords. more astute, uncon- the present war policy proves successfuC
But if it should prove unsuccessful in the eyes of the
scionable merchants than the Orient, and for this reason,
commercial success will fall on our ships. It is this fact . people, then he will have a comeback with a kick to it
that developed the Chinese opium trade, that gained con- that will beat a government mule a city block.
trol of India by England, and that is now winning mil-------<>lions annually from the Far East.
ORCE may be constructive or desiructive.
F
'\.- ....
Facing and understanding this fact, and remembering
The world's name for constructive for~e is love;'
the past, Okuma says: "As for Americans, they always while brute force means destruction.
raise a cry against the Yellow Peril, and insult the
As well say that the life of an oak depends upon the
Hindus, the Chinese, and even the superior Japanese thick, entangling undergrowth, as to say that the life of
race, to whom they ref use privileges of mixed resi- trade depends upon competition.'
dence.
Clear away the undergrowth and the oak will grow
"They consider the yellow races unfit to receive the more rapidly, with greater strength and vitality. The
light of civilization a nd unable to assimilate with the oak will grow with less disease and become more beauAfter the European war, tiful.
'superior' white races.
all nations will co-operate in raising the cry of Yellow
Eliminate the conflicti'ng commercial and industrial
Peril. They will curse the J apanese Empire . . . and interests from the business world and all our institutions
rush toward China- the treasury of the world- in order would rapidly develop into large, powerful, harmon,ious
to find means of healing the m!l·ily wounds received in engines for the common good.
this war.".
Men compete in the economic field because competiThere are two gateways between Oriental and Occi- tion is forced upon them and not because they believe ·
dental countries: one is the Suez Canal; the other is in it.
the Panama Canal.
No infant, however low in the animal scale, can best
The one is owned by England ; the other is owned by develop by competition with his fellows.
the United States.
No wise horticulturist ever forced a f riut tree or a
The owners of these canals control the bulk of the vine to compete with weeds and briers and thorns.
world's commerce.
Man does not believe in competition. He has learned
These two gateways wil become the chief bones of that competition is sheer blind brute force.
It is war. It is destructive in all its work. Nature ·
contention when the a rmistice is called and the terms of
builds in spite of competition and not because of it.
peace are discussed .
All the East and the Central Po.wers will demand
The curse of competition is limited only' by its scope
world-control of these canals. If Great Britain and the and power. It possesses no virtues but is surcharged
United States insist upon holding their advantages, the with all the powers of destruction known, to those inwar will go on with new alignments, and the sun of Oc- volved in the struggle.
War is the climax of competition. What remains aHve
.... c 'dental civilizati01i may begin to set.
Listen to Kawamura! He says: "There are 50,000,- after it, is better than death, but far worse than might
000 Mohammedans in China, who, if properly led, would have been produced by the worst methods under peacepresent a formidable power. There a~e I ,500,000 train- ful conditions.
War murders men ; ravishes women; slaughters chiled arms in Turkey. There are 4,000,000 in Africa.
There are 2,000,000 in India and Persia. Altogether, dren; destroys property in a hurricane of blood ; crucithere are 8,000,000 outside China. All of them have fies the loving heart ; abandons all honorable means for
a fanatical courage and would willingly sacrifice their the end desired ; rots character; and opens the way for
the free play of inordinate ambition and the reign of
lives for their religion."
, He asserts that it is the mJss1on of the Japanese to wanton cruelty.
What an unspeakable calamity this war has been!
lead the Asiatics against the Whites.
Will the world ever learn that brute force leads to the
The Lion of Asia is growling and showing his teeth.
grave'?
Next, the roar,- and then the plunge.
All intelligent, loving, constructive life is pacifist.
He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
�T1u
Western
.
Comrade
T
HE Spanish American war caused a considerable
inflation of prices during ~h time an enormous
amount of real estate changed hands, and for which payr.Jents were made, partly in CC¥;h, 'and partly in notes
sl!cured by mortgages.
. After the war was ~ve'r, the market was again overstocked with products, and prices of course went down.
Those who mortgaged their property while prices were
!ugh found themselves conhonted with the necessity of
payin~ high-priced debts with money received for lowpriced products. For many, this was an impossible situation, and they lost their homes. Many were barely
able to meet their interest and taxes and to eke out a
market will soon be again overcrowded with products. .
The increased efficiency developed under government
pressure, coupled with the extreme economy made necessary by the war, will quickly flood the markets and force
prices of products down, but it will not diminish the size
of the mortgages contracted when prices were high.
Again, there will be multitudes who can not meet such
obligations with cheap money and vast numbers will be
sold under foreclosures, while others will be able to
barely pay their interest and to make a miserable living.
In addition to the burdens that followelf the Spanish
American war, we will .be compelled to bear the burdens
of billions of dollars
bonded indebtedness. The in- .
terest of the bonds must come out of increased taxes,
which will have to be paid with money at low prices.
He who sells his farm and invests his money when
prices go down will be able to buy land for the mortgage
that covers it.
·
------ - Let those who
of
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-Jti1.
buy at high
prices and mortgage for unpaid
balam;e, cheer up,
~:; .~'":~· ,,
T
HE Standard
.
Oil company,
Pacific Commercial company, General Electric company,
Western
Electric . company,
Russian Chamber
of Commerce, and
~
/{? .
tt\ -
~00~~&
rype
company,
:~,~ o~h:\m::~·::
- -- - - - ------ - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - -----·---- -·--- - -ety South AmerThe sale of crops this year left the farmers with more ican country, and also the United States Bureau of Exsurplus money than they have had for years. Many ports, met ,in New York on November 23, to devise ways
bou;;ht new farm s at high prices, paying part cash and means to put German trade "out of business whereand part in notes and mortgages.
ever they find it."
Henceforth, their fixed expense will cost far more
If this is not a commercial war, then one thing is cerdollars than the sa~e cost last year or in previous years. tain: IT SOON WILL BE A COMMERCIAL WAR . if
Wages will be higher. Groceries, clothing and imple- the government does not take over all such enterprises
ments will cost double or treble that of previous years. and run them.
The margin left from next year's crop will be far smaller
Why falter? Those companies are interested in the
than that of this year.
\
government only to the extent that they can force the
After the war is over, if we do not move into state government to serve them.
socialism, but continue under the capitalist system, the
This is the hour of our nation's peril.
�\ •,
The
Page sax
Western
Com~ade
•
·Llano In
Louisiana
S THIS is being written, just before New Year's Day, duced. This means more economy. Those who come to the
the population of the little town of Stables, Louisiana, Colony can have their goods shipped through and unloaded
has grown to more than thJee ·hundred. This has at Stables, Louisiana. All are being advised to do this.
happened virtually all within two months. The practical ap- · The economy of transportation leads to · another great
plication of Socialist prir,ciples ·through the co-operative plan economy, and one which will impress every person who ever
lived in Llan<J, or who ever visited there.
has inva-ded the "Solid South."
Following the arrival of Comrade Harriman and Georgi!
HOUSING MADE EASY
Deutsch came the publications force by train. After them
In Llano there were times, and the times were of frequent
came five auto loads from Calif01nia, big, husky men, who
made a record run from Llano, California, to the new Colony occurrence, when the housing problem was the paramount
holding in Western Louisiana Then came the special train question. Industries had to be ·stopped while men were put
with 130 persons, men, women and children. From many to providing shelter. When large numbers of visitors came
points in the South, families are moving to the new Llano unexpectedly, it meant great distress to the hotel, for there
was never ·sufficient accommodations. Arrivals at the raildel Rio Co-operative ·Colony in the Highlands of Lo-uisiana.
Other auto loads are comog from Calforna, braving the in- road station twenty miles away, had to be brought to the
clement weather and the hardships. Colonists who have been Colony. ll meant additional trouble to the hotel management
out of the Colony for various reasons are dropping in from - or the housing committee.
But when the 16,000 acre tract in the Highla nds of Louwidely-separated points. Nearly every day there is a reunion
isiana was purchased, a town was also bought. The amount
of old Colony comrades.
But the new people are mostly Texans- honest, hard-work- of lumber saved and labor saved and expense saved amounts
ing folks- eager to enjoy the benefits of complete co-opera- to thousands of . dollars, more thousands than would be be' lion, glad _to lea~e t~e individual_ farm_s and join with . their lieved if the sum were put into r rint. But some calculation
comrades m the mspmng enterpnse bemg conducted for the may be made when it is remembered that with this land came
a commodious hotel which will accommodate, if compelled to,
good of all and not for private greed or gain.
more than sixty people, though
Not less frequently than
perhaps not with entire comevery three days, and somefort to so many. It is welltimes much oftener, a car is
To Our Readers: Owing to the delay incident
built. The office building is
placed on the switch which is
to the move from California to Louisiana . it is imsufficient to house the execon Colony property. These
possible to print the December number of the
utive, sales, and accounting
cars contain cattle, horses,
WESTERN COMRADE. We are combining the
departments. The commissary
mules, farm implements, corn,
December and January numbers. Subscribers will
is a large building, in good
peanuts ("goobers" they call
also note the increase in size of the magazine, which
condition, well - located, and
them here), sweet potatoes,
we hope will compensate for the number missed.with shelving and counters alhousehold gooqs. and indusThe Editors.
,
ready installed. It is a better
trial machinery.
building than any at Llano,
They are unloaded onto our
California, just as the hotel is
own platforms and sheds.
a better one than the Llano hotel. and the offices here are
NO TRANSPORTAT ION PROBLEM piP
better than those at Llano. This is not intended to be deThe old bug-bear at Llano, and one of the most serious rogative of Llano. but to show to some degree the immense
and costly problems with which the · Colony had to contend, advanta ges gained here .at no additional outlay, and at no
was transportation. Cars were unloaded at the station twenty expense for labor and materials.
• miles away and the goods hauled in trucks across the desert.
That is not all . One large white house which will be used
It was an extortionate price that was paid, even under the
as doctor's offices and probably as library, is a building such
happiest of conditions, and the condition of most desert roads
as would cost not less than $4000 in many parts of California.
is not one to induce a high degree of happiness.
There
are scores of two- three- and four-room houses in which
But in the new Colony, conditions are different. Cars consigned to the Llano del Rio Colony are set in on the switch colonists are being housed. These take care of the first
and go direct into the Colony's w'lrehouse. No time is lost. comers. They are all under roof. No large force of men
The materials and household goods go under cover immediate- must be diverted to this work . No hu ge sums must be exly, there are no demurrage charges, and a big force of men pended for materials. No valuable time is taken that should
is instantly available if required to move heavy machinery. 'be used for other purposes. The advantages of a ready~made
There is no friction, no lost time, little expense. Hauling town located on the railroad are many.
A
need not be done immediately if more urgent work presses.
The saving is incalculable, and one of the first things that
impresses itself on the incoming colonist from California is the
'tremendous economy of the arrangement here.
But this is only half the advantage. The Llano del -Rio
Company expects to be a very heavy shipper of goods at all
times and especially during the summer. Even this first season, many cars of Llano products will go forward from here.
This i's not prophecy or dream, but the plan now made and ·
already being actively put into cpe!ation. With the switch ·
and the warehouse and the platform right here in the front
yard, so to speak, the shippin\costs are enormously re-
.__.,
1
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But even this is not all. There are industries to be housed.
The obstacle that retarded the development of this feature at
Llano more than any other was housing. But in the extension
Colony there is no such difficulty. The vast warehouses which
were acquired with the new. property make excellent industrial
buildings. A comparatively small force of men can remodel
portions as needed to take care of the incoming industries.
Some of the sheds are being torn down and the lumber carefully piled for future use.
Long platforms, some ' of them several hundred yards in
le:.1gth, made of two-inch planks, the width of the platforms
being usually about twelve feet, are spread in many directions .
�The
Wester n
Comrade ··
Much of this ' lumber is available for building purposes, and
that which is useful for no other purpose, still serves as fuel ,
close at hand and partly prepared for the stoves. These platforms ~re high from the ground, t,nd the suppo~ting . trestle
work is still another great supply of lumber. It IS estimated
that the amount of lumbeF in. the industrial buildings and the
sheds .will total close to two million feet.
.
UTILIZING THESE BUILDINGS
First to be made ready for use was the hotel , which required
some repairs. Then the h~uses were put into repair. A
large force was employed just before the train from California
arrived. There are still many to be repaired and cleaned and
made habitable, but this is no longer pressing work. An old
repair shed has been remodeled into a cow barn. It is not
ideal for this .purpose, but a comparatively small amount of
.work made it practicable and it will be used for a long time.
The saving in time, labor, a nd money has advanced the dairy
industry immeasurably because of the ease with which it
could be accomplished.
;rwo long sheds, built of good lumber, a nd the lumber still
in excellent condition, are not suitable for any colony use a nd
are being torn down as the material is required.
r
•
INDUSTRIES HERE AND COMING
Though the ·time since the new extension colony was first
opened is short, the record: is long and satisfying. The lessons learned at Llano, the ability developed, the men who
came from there, the industri~s shipped in, the knowledge ·
gained-all these contributed and are still contributing to
quick results. ;. Not the sort of quick results not based on ~ound
foundations, but the sort of quick results that are quick because ·the planning has been careful and the preparation
thorough . .
The publications are here, housed, operating. A saw mill
has arrived, is tr11loaded, and will be erected when it is deemed
advisable to do so. The shoe shop is here, packed in boxes
it is true, but ready to be set up a nd operated whenever this
becomes advisable. ·A machine shop and blacksmith shop is
here a nd operating. Anothe.r one will come from Californ'ia .
A vulcanizing shop is in running order and doing business. \
The commissary is well-stocked and business is increasing. All \
the machinery of administration is in order and running more 1
smoothly than ever before and efficiency is high, with an ever- \
upwa rd tendency. The hote l is well-ordered, well-kept, sat- \
isfactory. The dairy is rapidly acquiring a good herd of milk
cows. Some hens arc here and the poultry department will
'
be established as soon as possible. A tool shop is operating .
with a competent tool ma n in charge, one who has siJent most
\
of his active life in sha rpening and handling tools. The hog
\
departmen t is making a start. The butcher shop is already
operatin g, and has plans for extending its work rapidly. The
~11\ u ghter house will soon be ready, a nd then there will be a n
invasion of outside markets. The baker is here, and by the
time this is in the hands of the readers he will doub'tless ~e
equipped for work. At a ny ra te, it will not be long before he
is ready for business. He expects to sell his products to the
" outside" as well as to supply the Colony. The making of
sa usage will be taken up as an industry at the same time.
A barber chair is installed, but is not operated regularly.
as yet.
AN INDUSTRIAL "LOOK AHEAD"
' Unloading Baggage from the •pecial tra in from California Colony .
Already a lumber yard is being established, and in it will
be piled materials of all kinds. It is .more tha n a lumber yard,
being more of a ma terial yard. A competent ma n in charge
will see.. that the lumber is cared for and only those entitled to
it are permitted to use it.
One entire side of the warehouse nearest the railroad, the
one which is to be used as a shippin g shed and warehouse, has
been walled off for use by the publishin g department.. Here
the machinery is in~talled and in operation, with plenty of
space so that the workers may make the best of their effort.
There is plenty of space allowed, too, for expansion. The membership dtpartrneiil a nd the publica tions cffices are together,
attached in the front of the new print shop. Conditions are
already much improved over the conditions in Llano and work
is carried on with a much greater production record.
The greatest building of all, the one tha t would hold every
building that was erected in Llano, with the exception of the
tent houses (this is no exaggeration) , is to be used for housing the industries. They will be placed under the same roof
1,mtil other arrangements can be made. Several are now
operating, and others are expected.
The cannery must be installed as soon as possible, tor the
possibilities along the line of selling canned goods are immense. The pla ning mi ll will be)sent from LlanL With it in
action, the making of furniture ca n be taken up as soon as
other work permits. When the machine shop is also here and.
e rected, this Colony will have as fine a machine shop as is to
be found in many a city of much grea te r size. The rabbit
industry wi ll be continued here a nd with the improved conditions should be placed on a paying basis ve_ry soon. The
sa me is true of every department of the livestock industry.
The man ufacfuring and industrial possibilities flow naturally
from the livestock a nd agr.icultural resources here. There 'are
hundreds of acres of good hardwood timber. Out of this fact
grows logically the development of industr.ies in which hardwoods are used, and foremost a mong them is obviously ltte
making of furniture. This calls for skilled woodworker$, and
those who follow this craft will come to the Colony.
The readiness with which certain vegetables are grown here
is <,ISSUrance that the canning industry can be established and
made to pay handsome dividends from the very first year, to
pay for the outlay for machinery, and to do more than that.
This, of cou rse, becomes one of the foremost industries and is
likely to remain a mong the first. Definite plans 'are being
made now to establish the cannery. The Colony has a competent canner to handle the work, one who knows the business
from top to bottom.
Grass grows luxuriantly everywhere. . Where grass grows,
stock can be raised at a · imum cost. Out of this grows the
meat industry,
tanning. With the
�\
Page eig}Jt
•
•
leathe) comes the probability of a shoe factory, especially
when the Colony .{!ready own's shoe machinery. There are
good harness· makers connected with the Colony, too.
Cotton is one of the chief crops which can be produced.
The g:nning industry, the compressor, the oil industry are all
suggested as first manufactures logically following. But the
thinking person will ask, "Why not· the cloth-making industry,
and, following that. the making of clothes?" And it seems ·
quite logical to believ.e it may follow in the due -course of
time.
These are not prophecies. They are merely suggestions.
What will be done depends on many things- !he initiative of
the Colonists quite as muh as any other feature. But they are
certainly all things that might be Jone, and some a re things
that must be don e. The preserving of fruits and food stuffs
is imperative. It must be taken up in all of its branches.
The marketino- of products is quite as necessary, and this must
be taken up."'which means that the Colony will of necessity
emhark in the packing and shipping industry at no distant
date.
The act ive, enthusiastic, constructive mind will leap ahead
and see many enterprises in the future. The possibilities seem
limitless. There is nothing that appears to be fantastic about
the suggestions listed above, and of their practicability no
The
Western
Comrade
Colony is proceeding on asc~rtained facts, piloted by experienced men, working along lines proved correct.
"HOW DO
WE
KNOW YOU KNOW~"
One of the features of the new Colony is the rigid investigation of the plans, genuine knowledge, and ability to lead
of those who aspire for positions -:of authority or are placed in
them. The effort is to find out what the man knows, how
thoroughly he knows it, what experience he has had, how
successful he has been. The man who thinks he knows must
give place to the man who kno\'115 he knows and has demonstrated it and can demonstrate it. The Colony is a fine place
for experimenters, and all will be encouraged to experiment,
but this experimentation must not be at the colony expense.
This is a decision rigidly adhered to. The examination through
which foremen are put is perfectly fair, but it is also exhaustive
in its questioning. The man who passes it has to know or
he will not be able to pass. O~her tests are also applied to
determine whose theories are practical and whos~: are not.
The man who knows has his opportunity. The man who
thinks he knows has his. The man who pretends to know but
·does not, also has his. It is fair and just to all, but the interests of the Colony are foremost in every instance. In answering the question, "How do we know you know?" they must
disclose whether their knowledge is genuine or whether it is
mercy a figment of a·n ambitious but impractical mind: Of
course the question is not bluntly stated. It is a senes of
questions that bring out a series of facts. But the upshot of
it all is, .1s stated above, "How do we know you know?"
So much for the farming. Progress is being made, but at ·
this early date that is about \s definite as the statement can
be made. Later, facts and figures and photos will be given
that will be convincing. Competent men are leading and plann.ing and they are working to a definite plan in a country
where they know what the standard is and what can be done.
Results should be fairly certain.
ENTHUSIASM EVERYWHERE
Train o f six coaches on which I SO Colonists came from the Llano
to the Louisiana Colony in· December.
doubt exists. But no promises are made. No definite statements arc made as to when or where they will be established.
AGRICULTURE FIRST
The order of work laid o~t is about as follows: First, the
emergency housing of men, materials, industries, animals;
second, the development of agriculture. Both are going ahead.
It was impossible to spare men for agricultural work until almost the ftrst of J anuary, bvt from that time on more and more
men and children will be dra fted into the farming department.
Agriculture is the dominant necessity. It takes precedence
over all else. It is the foundation of prosperity and progress.
Plans are definite. The work this year will be confined to
certain crops known to be proiifically productive and highly
remunerative. Gardening will of course be carried on to
the extent necessary to privide for home wants, and as much
else as can be produced. But most of the effort will be placed
on the big market crops. The warehouse is already well 'filled
with peanuts, cotton seed, . sweet potatoes, and other seeds.
Some ribbon cane will · be put out this season. There may
perhaps be some rice. But sweet pvtatoes, cotton, corn, peanuts, and melons will have the-right-of-way over all other
crops. What they will produce is
known, and it is
also known just how we will be
them. The
One of the finest things is the splendid enthusiasm that is
manifested everywhere. Never did things move with such ex- ·
pedition as they are now, and never was the standard so high. i
Achivements are demanded.
Every visitor is impressed with the organization, the physical characteristics of the property, the splendid class of people in the Colony, the marvelous resources a nd the grand possibilities. So well impressed are they that most of them make
up their minds to come into the Colony and work with their
comrades here in the practical application of the principles of
Socialism.
Among the most enthusiastic are the colonists who came
from Cali fornia . They know the wonders that will come out
of co-operation. and when they see the Colony making the
strides it is making, when they see the efficient methods- and
the complete organization that is being effected , when they see
the wealth of buildings, a nd the abundance of firewood, and
are convinced of the fertility of the soil, their enthusiasm is
boundle"ss. They are able to see these things more plainly, perh,lps, because of their experience at Llano where they worked
under such trying conditions and under such handicaps, where
so many things were impossible that are immediately possible here.
The speed with which work is carried on, the records of
achievement that are demanded and made- these keep enthusiasm mounting higher and higher.
·
BUT WHAT ABOUT LLANO ?
This is the question that is coming in the letters.
Llano is still Llano, still in California, and will be developed
(Continued on Page 37)
. 1'
�The
Western
Comrade
Spiritism · and 'Socialism
D
By Lincoln Phifer,
Editor The New World
OUBTLESS many Socialists have Qeen surprised at the I hold that it was natural , so long as the world lacked wellreport that I wa~ printing a spiritualist paper. I than k defined machin€CrY . and natural forces available for use, to
th~ Llano Publications for a-n opportunity to tell them
res?rt to the medium and the circle, e.mploying personal magwhy I a m doing as I am.
netism as the force that got the . returns. But' now we have
American Socialists . ought to know, though many do not, electricity, a vibratory force much more rapid than nerve force
that the Socialist movement in America began as. a ·s pirit~s; now we know that sight and hearing are both vibratorf
di rected movement. The first group of colonies that .was esm nature and that electricity can connect with them. We
tablished in this country, consisting of. some five di stinct waves,
know that it is possible, now, to talk with an unseen person
claimed as a basis of its action a command of spi rits to util- five bundred miles away and really hear him speak. Thereize the vast land acreage in America for the freeing of the fore, The New World advocates the utilization of electricity
wo rld , and the establishment of a co-operative commonwealth. an d mechanical applia ncees for the purpose of touching the
For many years the members thou ght they acted under direct new world of the spiri t that data seems to indicate may lie in
inspiration. Before Marxianism had been thought of, before
the great ocean of vibration stretching between sight and
there was a socialist party in all the world, these people, cal- sound. If there is anything to spirit ma nifestation, it means
ling themselves socialists, established colonies in America and , that we ought to be able to ccinnec.t up with the populous
sought throu gh them a sol ution of economic problem s that per- realm of soul s on a purely mecha nicaL scientific b asis.
plexed the workers. Had their early pl~ns been fully followed,
Others talk about immortality and doctrines of various
it is li kely th at many of the evils that later grew up under kinds. I say, believe whatever you please; only,' let us prove
what became known as capitalism would have been averted. thin gs one way or the other, a nd get knowledge instead of
Even as it was, these early sociali sts were to a la rge de gree
faith or untruth. I confidently believe the time wi ll come
respon sible for the public roads and public schools, which are · when a nybody can at any time call up a fri end , or one of
the best socialized fe atures we have today. It is the other prominence, on the other side, a nd . get as certain reply from
colonies tha t failed; the colonies founded at the dir ec~ ion of him as he now gets over the tel ephon e; when all papers will
print news a nd views from across the big water. The acspirits remain for the most part to this d ay.
I am not alone in sayin g that one of the weakrier,ses of the compl ishment of thi s result would mean th e opening. practimodern socialist movement is that it has been too materialistic. cally, of a new world to our knowl edge. There would be the
just as freely do .I decl a re that the modern spiritist mo vement history a nd geography of Heaven (or whatever you· chQose to
has lost its economic purpose and become a thing withou·, call the abode of the departed) to collect. There would be
meaning. It was to correct, if possible, the lack in b ot h these th e findin g out of the effect of ear thly ac tions a nd ambitions
movements and bring them together, with added force an<}en- on the other life, with a con seq uent revision of creeds and
thusiasm for both, that The New World was es tablished. / I do philosophies to mee t the new knowledge, wholly apart from
not care so much for the doctrines of spiritualism as for · the ag ita tion or controversy. There would be new econo mics and
power of the spirit, or so much for theorizin g ' concerning new morals to develop; new scien ces to collate; new literature
to trans.late into our lan guage, an d a new earthly literature:
. socialism as I do for practicaJ sociali za tion .
Whether or not there be anything in spirit manifesta tion, it th at would emb race the period beyond death, for us tc.i ~rite.
can hardly be denied that thou sands believe they have comThe trouble with the world today- the thin g th a t brought
municat ion with those who once lived in the fle sh an d · who on th e war- is the fact th a t old ideas are exhausted. We
passed through the change that we call death. In eve_ry land, have occupied \he known world. We are goin g a round · a nd
in every age, the phenomena have been sufficient to challenge around in our literat ure an d thoughts. We a re fi ghting bethe consideration of many hon est and clear thinkers. Perhaps cause we cannot stop th e momentum of the past five cena majority of the people today believe that we do li ve after turies, which was always toward conques t of new territory . .
dissolution. In suggesting that the thought is worth seriou s The discove ry of thi s new world of the spirit wou ld do for
consideration, therefore, I a m neith er runnin g counter to com- us now precisely what th e di scovery of America did for stagmon sense nor to gene ral bel ief. And whatever else may come na ted Europe fiv e centuries ago. That broke up the . feudal
out of the war, it is more than likely it will revive thought system. This wou ld give a new Impetus to ;nan's thoughts
concernmg the future. It is doing that even now. My and activi ti es for another fiv e centuries a nd prove the salvation of the world.
message IS therefore opportune.
.
Natura lly many are incredulou s. Some make fun of me.
Yet my message differs radically from th e conventional
spiritist contention. I hold that there is already enough well- But a man is .not of the true socialist calibre if he will hesitate
a ttested dat a on the matter of the existence of spirit-life to on thi s atcount. Already something has been accomplished.
warrant the serious consideratiol); of thou ghtful people. At the Dr. W. M. McCartney, of Bird City, Kansa s, has rigged up an
same time, I hold that th e repetition of d ata, which has been adapta tion of a telegraph receive r and sounder, co nnected with
a battery but not .to any ou.tside force s. It operates a carbon
repeated over and over for at least four thou sa nd years, can
hold no new significance . My view is that we ought to act ribbon that makes record of dots and da shes of the old model.
on the data rathe r than seek to repeat it. P eople knew in
Calls and questions are clicked off, leaving their ribbon recgeneral of the fact of telephony for many centuries, but it was ords. Then the room is loc ked up and left alone all day.
only when they began to act on things . already known to Message after message comes- vol um es of them. j. L. Krapractical ends, that the telephone was really created. .Stu- mer of Bradford, Penn., has had nea rly the sa me experience.
dents knew of driftwood crossing the Atlarttic
rnany years Wallace A. Clemmon s, wi rel ess operator rece ntly of New York
before Columbus sailed westward, 'but it was tile Genoese mar- city, has made experi ments which he is keeping secret for the
ineer who acted on the data and really discovered the con- present, but says that he feels sure of success. A common
ti~ent from which it came. With all that has been experienced receiyer down all the time and a megaphone put into the ear
in spirit phenomena, it has not until now been proposed \Pat piece, has in Oklahoma rung and received messages. These
we follow out the suggestions and find what we shall ~d.
(Continued on Page 38)
jor
I
\
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Page ten
The
Western
Comrade
•
'fhe Revolution In
North Dakota
)
.
By H. G. Teigan
[This is the third and last of a series of articles in which Mr.
T eigan tells of the rise of the Nonpartisan League.].
O
I
NE DAY, in the early part of July, 1916, three Fords
rolled out of Fargo. One crossed the Red River into
Minnesota, another went south i'nto South Dakota, and
the third proceeded westward to Montana.
.
Keep iri mind this was just a few days following the ·Non:
partisan league's victory in the primary election in North
Dakota.
·
·
The men in charge of the Fords .were Beecher Moore, Leon
Durocher and R. B. Martin. Their mission was to line up a
score or more of men in each of these states to form the
nucleus of aleague branch. All of the men commissioned to
do this prelimina-ry work were trained agitators; each knew
the live wires in the particular state allotted to him. Within
a month, Minnesota, South Dakota and Montana were lined
up for the work. A score of organizers were put into the .
field in each state. From that time up to the present the
work of organizing the farmers has been progressing until now
at least 011e of the states- Montana-is almost completely or~"nize d .
S p :1cc forb ids going into a discussion of the success of the
,,·ork in the three stales, but I want to say th a t we have put the
thin g sufficiently "across" to warrant taking the respective
st,lle " gan gs" on for a political battle next year.
The movement had bee n strictly of ·a state character in
North Dakota a nd at first the plan was to leave national politics alone in the new states. In North Dakota, the league had
made no nominations for national offices, and the program
co ntained only such propositions as could be made to materialize throu gh political action wi\hin the state . All public ownership propositions req uirin g federal action were left alone , a nd
the wa r question, in particular, was tabooed.
Embroilment of this country in the European waJ, howe ~er,
compelled the league to disclaim further neutrality on the
q uestion. When it became apparent that war was inevitable,
the league took a position that has given it na tion-wide publicity.
·
·
On the ·18th of February, the league members of the North
Da kota legislature drew up a set of resolutions, in caucus,
which were adopted on the followin g day by the House.
These resolutions were defeated by the old guard senators,
thou gh every league member voted for their passage. These .
i'esolutions gave· expression to the justice a nd necessity for
conscripting wealth as a means of financin g the war into which
the country was soon to be plunged. (Keep in mind, these
resolutions were adopted more than seven weeks prior to the
declaration of "a slate of Wijr.")
.
Since these resolutions' are bound to become ·historic, I am
quoting them in full:
that can be done, to avoid this nation being drawn into the European
conflict of destruction;
'_'AND, we respectfully petition the President and Congress of the
Unoted States, to endeavor to maintain absolute neutrality, with neither
favor nor prejudice toward any of the unfortunate belligerent nations;
"AND, be it further made known that it is our firm ani:l unalterable
purpose to suppo.rt and stand by our nation in case of war, with our ·
lives and our property;
'_'AND, being mindful of'the principles of equity, j~stice and freedom,
upon which this government is founded, we do most earnestly recom·
mend and request that the Congress of the United Stales authorize and ·
empower the President. that so far as it is within his power, in case .
war becomes inevitable, to seize all the property useful and necessa·ry
to the government in carrying on the war, to be 'used during the war
without compensation, and to be surrendered after the war to the
owners; such properly to indude factories, shipyards, munition plants,
armor plate mills, flour mills, arm factories, supplies and equipment,
cloth factories. and such other property, !'nd money, as th~ government may requi re, to the end tha t all our citizens, regardless of social
position or economic advan tage, shall contribute equally to the common need and common defense of our nation; so that the citizens
of wealth may be enabled and compelled to contribute to the common
welfare and need of their country on the . same terms as the enlisted
soldiers or sailors. who give their lives and their all.
"THIS to be done only in case of war, under the provisions of
martial law; and to the end that justice, equality and fraternity may
be fost ered and upheld as between our own people, in the conduct
of the defens e of our country's honor, our lives and our property."
The league ' legislators saw the probability of Congress resortin g to conscription of men for military service. The lack
of war sentiment would make volunteering impossible as a
means of furnishing recruits for undertaking a ·war to make
peace vvith Allied victory a certainty. This being the case,
the leaguers at Bismark reasoned thus: If it is just for the
government. to take human life for the service of the country,
then it is even more obviously just for the government to take
for the country's service the ill-gotten gains of the parasitic
rich .
After the declaration of "a st~te of war" had been passed
by Congress, the league lecturers and organizers became active
in their advocacy of conscription of wealth. That the idea
took with the people was obvious from the increase in the
number of members secured by those in the field. In many
localities where work had been e,pmparatively slow pri'or to 'this
time, a ma·rked ··c hange. took · place and organizers succeeded
in enrollin g nearly every farmer approached.
The death of Henry T. Helgeson, representative in .Congress from the first district of North Dakota, brought abOut a
vaca ncy that had to be filled by special election. Since the·
league had taken a po.sition on ·a National question, and as
this particular question had become an issue in North Dakota,
the ·league found it necessary to .put a candidate in the field.
The farmers named as their candidate a young man who had
been affiliated with the league movement as a cartoonist on the
"Nonpartisan Leader." His nam~ was John M. Baer. The
farmer candidate was quite ~opular, and yet outside of his
"MEMORIAL
cartoon work, he was comparatively unknown in the district,
"To the President and Congress of the United States:
inasmuch as he had been a resident of the western part of the
"WHEREA~. there is danger !hat the American nation in spite of the
state .up to June, 1916.
neutrahty of ots people, os about to become involved in the European
war of human slaughter;
.
The main thing about Mr. Baer's candidacy was the plat~
"AND WHEREAS, it has become apparent that there is some invis·
form that had been outlined for hi'm by the organization, and
ible force carrying on a press propaganda to involve this nation in
to which he gave his endorsement. This platform was several
the European conflict ; and whereas it is apparent that the munition,
steps further in advance of any position the Nonpartisan
armor and steel plants, and their allied interests, would be the gainers
league had hitherto taken with reference to national quesin such a conRict ;
"AND W!'IE~EAS, it is generally believed that the munition, armor . tions. It received considerable more publicity than the conand steel p lants are the parties responsible for this propaganda ·
~cription of wealth res?lutions previously referred to. A prom"NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the House of Rep~esen·
men\ New York pubhsher .made the remark that it was the
tatives of the Legislative Assembly of the State of North ·Dakota the
sanist and most pointed declaration on the question of war
Senate concurring therein , that we respectfully petition the President
and Congress of the United States, to . do everythin11 in th~ir power
thar had come to his attention. In the july issue, he pubI
-'~~
�The
Western
Comrade
lished the platform in full on the first page of his magazine.. public ownership of the "great basic industries, such as mines,
The chief points of this platform, and on which Mr, Baer timber lands, water power and railroads."
· · '
made his campaign .for Congress, are as foliows:
The program of the le~gue is of an evoluti'or:Jary character.
1. Complete fidelity to the government pledged. "In mak- It has grown with the ll)OVement. From a few state owned .
ing this declaration of our position, we declare um;quivoc<!.llY propositions, it has developed until it now includes a complete
that we stand for · our country, right or wrong, as against for- national "program for public ownership of public utilities, in' eign governments with whom we are actually engaged in war. eluding the great basi·c industries. This evolution in the proStill we . hold that when we believe our country wrong, we gram of the teague has not been altogether accidental. Those
should endeavor to set er right." ..
.
· guiding i:he destinies of the organization early saw the wisdom
2. Demand -that ou overnment, before proceeding further of making the ' program correspond to its activities: There is
in support of · the
· , "make immediate public declaration· little sense, if any, for an organization whose activities are conof terms of peac witho t annexations of territory, lnP.emn- fined within the borders of a state, advocating meas.ures that
ities, contributio'irs, or interferences with the right of any na- · can only be inaugurated by federal action. Hence the Nonlion to live and manage its own affairs, thus being in harmony partisan league declined to incorporat~ in its program governwith and supporting the new democracy' of Russia in her mel]t ownership of railroads, telephones and telegraphs, mines,
" and other means of production. of a national character, until
declaration of these fundamental principles."
3. Abolition of secret diplomacy. "The secret agreements such time as the movement also became national in scope.
As for the specific name to give to the program advocated
·o f kings, presidents, and other rulers, made, btoken or kept,
without the knowledge .o·f the people, constitute a continual by the league, I am willing to leave. that to the readers of the
menace to peaceful relations."
Llano Publications. "What's in a name? That which we call
4. Abolition of gambling in the necessaries of life, and the a ,rose, by any other name would smell as sweet." And so
Federal government control of the food supply of the nation. :~~t t;:up:~;~m of the league;, the substance is there, call it
5. Conscription of wealth as a means of financing the war.
There is much more that could be said of the National Non"We are unalterably opposed to permitting stockholders of part~san league movement. In fact, only a comparatively few
private corporations to pocket enormo.us profits, while at the facts have been related in these articles. But one thing more
same time a species of coercion is encouraged toward already must be mentioned, viz., the record of the farmer legislators
poorly paid employees of both sexes, in urging them to pur- at Bismark last winter. Never before· in the history of the
chase government bond-; to help finance the war. Patriotism country has a group of legislators labored so tirelessly and
demands service from all according to their capacity. To con- energetically for the common good as did the represen_tatives
script men and exempt the blood-stained wealth coined from of the Nonpartisan league at this session. Instead of being the
the sufferings of humanity is repugnant to the &pirit of tools of corporate interests, as has been the case with all
previous legislatures of North Dakota, these men proved them-:
America and contrary to the ideals of democracy."
6. Freedom of speech, the bulwark of human liberty. "A selves true servants of the people. Much good legislation was
declaration of war does not repeal the ·constitution of the enacted and much more would have been enacted had the 1
United States, and the unwarranted interference of military league been .in control of the Upper House. A reactionary \
and other authorities with the rights of individuals must · Constitution prevent;d; the far~ers from getting control_ of ·
cease.
,
the Senate, though 1t IS a certamty that at the nex\ electiOn
7. Causes of the war. "The contributory cau.ses of the this, too, will pass into their hands.
x
present war are v11rious; but above the horrible slaughter
The National Nonpartisan league will be on the political
looms the ugly incitings of an economic system based upon map next year. I do not think there is much chance for stopexploitation. It is largely a convulsive effort on the part of the ping the onward progress of the movement. Conditions nation- ·
adroit rulers of warring nations for control of a constantly dim- ally are almost . ideal for propaganda and organization. Ex.· inishing market. Rival groups of monopolists are playing' a ploitation, which is ever present under the present system, is
deadly game for commercial supremacy."
now more than ever compelling the masses to think; the ag8. How to make 1Jeace permanent. "At- the close of this itation carried on by other organizatio~s has prepared the'
~- sound international standards must be estaBlished on the mrnds of the people for our program; disgust with partisanbasis of a true democracy. Our economic organizations must ship makes the league plan of political action particularly opbe completely purged of privilege. Private monopolies must~-, portune; lastly, the leadership of the league is the very best.
be supplanted by public administration of credit, finance and..
In Piesident Town ley, the farmers have a leader of their
natural resources. The rule of jobbers and speculators must own class, schooled in a philosophy that comes partly from the
be overthrown if we are to produce a real democracy; other- study of economics, but mostly from the bitter school of exwise this war will have been fought in vain."
perience. Possessing a high school education, he has had
. On the above platform Mr. Baer was ·elect~ to Congress. sufficient foundation for obtaining, by indepepdent study, a
At the election on july 10, 1917, he received a majority of sound knowledge of economic and sociological problems. Mr.
all the "Votes cast. The victory was all the more conclusive as Townley's strongest point is his understanding of mass psy- ,
to the people's endorsement of the league's platform because chology, and in his ability to handle men. As an executive,
the district was by far the most conservative in the state. The he has few equals in America. Possessing these splendid qualconservatism of the district is evident from the fact that about ities, and guided by an unselfish devoti·on to the cause which
a year before at the Republican primaries, Mr. Frazier, though he represents, his leadership has meant much, and will mean
having an absolute majority in the state over all his coq.test- even more, to the farmers' movem.ent.
ants for the Republican nomio'ltion, yet failed t() carry this
· In view of these facts, how can there be anything but
district. In fact, he lacked several thousand votes of having . success in store for 'the National Nonpartisan league?
a majority.
.
---oThe league is now definitely committed to the idea of pub- Were half the power, that fills t}le world with terror,
lic ownership of ·public utilities. This position was taken at Were half the wealth bestowed on camps and courts,
the Nonpartisan leaguq conference held .Qt.St. Paul, Minnesota, Given to redeem the world from error,
September 18-20, 19117. Endorsement wa!- also given to the 'There were no need of
and forts.-Longfellow.
�(
Pagt twelve
·
1
The
W_a s Schmidt Guilty?
[This 'is the eighth instal~ent of job Harriman's address lo the
jury in the Los Angeles dynamiting case. Back numbers JOe.]
A
r
S A .RESULT of this ordinance prohibiting conversation
between union and non-union men, over 1four hundred
men were arrested in Los Angeles. · The ·' jails were
full to overflowing. '
Here stood a multitude of unarmed hard-working men whose
wages were scarcely sufficient to keep the wolf from the door.
They were met with this criminally cruel ordinance, backed
by the policeman's club, and the bayonets and musketry of the
state militia; and standing army. The members of the merchants' and maunfacturers', backed by the Erectors' Association, laughed and jeered at the workers as they struggled
against the terrible power that had just been arrayed agatnst
them. And now comes the prosecutor from Indianapolis,
jeeering and sneering at' the sacrifices made by these men. He
does not know their suffering and their heartaches. His path
in life has been strewn with roses. He has no sympathy with
them and hence cannot understand them. He had rather
shut his eyes to the suffering of the poor and helpless victims
than to see two dollars and twenty-five cents a day diverted
from the coffers of his clients, to the pockets of each of the
producers. You heard his heartless sneers when he said that
the organizers were living with manicured nails, while the rank
and file were bearing the burdens in the factories and mills.
His statement is not true.
I wonder if he ever thought of the sixty million dollar fee
that Mr. Morgan received for organizing the billion dollar
steel trust, from which the gentleman is said to receive a part
of his compensation for working in. this case.
How does a sixty-million doliar fee sound to the man who
receives seven dollars a week strike fees, or -twelve dollars a
week for sixty hours work, or twenty-five dollars a week as
organizer, especially when they know that sixty million dollars
was a part. of their product which they should have received
for their labor?
Do not such fees make it imperatively necessary for unions
to employ organizers? Were it not for their organizations
their wages would be forced down still lower and their poverty
would be unbearable. Were it not for the unions they would
not have enough tv ouy Christmas presents .for the babies of
which Mr. Grow testifi~d. much less three hundred thousand
dollars with which to force their wages up from two dollars
and twenty-five cents to four doliars and fifty cents a day.
I wonder how much was spent during that fight by the
merchants' and manufacturers' and the erectors' associations?
We are told by reliable authority that the first subscription
was upwards of one hundred thousand dollars and that several subscriptions were called for by the association.
In the very heart of the fight, while the . forces of each side
were still determined, while that wicked ordinance was being
enforced, with over three hundred men in jail, with the
delegates of the State Building Trades gathering for their
c\mvention; and with a parade in which thirty thousand men
marched, organized ready for action, the terrible explosion
occurred. No greater calamity to the labor movement could
possibly have happened. It was so foreign to the policies and
methods employed by the managers of the Los Angeles strike
that for a time paralyzed their activities, and created consternation in their camp: Yet, instinctively, they all felt that
it was not of their doing. Confidence was quickly restored and
the movement was soon far more powerful than ever before.
The light in the court was carried on with increasing fierceness; the police were forced to act with greater energy; more
men were arrested and thrown into jail; the union increased
Western
Comrade
•
in numbers; the political party membership multiplied at an
unprecedented· rate; and the city government was practically
in the hands of the working class Wilen othe second great crisis
occurred, that is, when the plea of guilty was entered.
We are entitled·to a jury that knows nothing of this plea of
guilty. Especially are we entitled to a jury of twelve men
who had never formed an opinion as to how the Times disaster
occurred. I know you have sworn that you would set your
opinions. aside; but try as you may, that is practically an impossibility.
An opinion once formed requires facts to displace it. That
opinion cannot be set aside or discarded, but can only be overthrown by ot~er facts. I:Jence when ?: juror believe's ~ fa~t
of such great Importance m a case, .as ts the plea of gUilty m
this case, that iuror unconsciously requires the defendant to
prove himself innocent.
·
'
It was for this reason that we challenged some of you and
not because we did not have confidence m your integrity.
Now that you are chosen as jurors it is your sworn duty to require the prosecuti'on to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that
the Times building was blown up by dynamite, and to refrain
from considering the pie~ of guilty as completely as though
it had not been entered. Not only must they prove that the
building was blown up by dynamite, but by eight-percent
dynamite, bought in San Francisco by this defendant. If the
Times building was blown up by nitro-glycerine brought from
Indianapolis to Los Angeles by ]. B. McNamara, then this
defendant must go free. In connection with this fact you must
remeplber that the movement here spent over three hundred
thousand dollars, when less than one thousand would have
sufficed if the movement had been using dynamite.
Then, too, you must keep in mind during your deliberations
the character of the men with whom you are dealing. These
men were spending their live5 in a humanitarian movement.
They were sacrificing everything for the interests of their fel-·
lows. S uch men are not 'murderers. Their methods are constructive and not destructive. They are seeking to save life
and not to destroy it. They are not men of money but of
convictions. That man never lived, however rich, who wouid
not give all his money for his life. But the men of whom I
speak are not only giving their services, but they would give
their lives for their convictions. They have the spirit of the
La timers, the Galileos, and the Lincolns; w~ile those who are .
lighting for money are only in .the class with the Rocke- .
· fellers. Greed is their inspiration and money determines what
their conduct will be. But the men in charge of this great
labor struggle were inspired by their love for humanity and
their actions were determined by their convictions.
You remember Mr. Sharenberg, the secretary ot the State
Federation of Labor? He is the editor of the "Coast Seaman's
journal." He is a member of the State Housing commission.
This is an honorary position. It requires a great deal of time.
The gentleman from Indiana could not understand why Mr.
Sharenberg should be spending so much time for nothing.
This prosecutor would have been looking for a lucrative position. But Mr. Sharenberg is found in an honorary position
where he can aid in housing the poor, without remuneration. ·
This is precisely where Sharenbe.rg and is associates will always be found. Their interest in humanity leads them there.
· Do you think they are murderers? Do you thing Mr. Gal- ·
lagher and Mr. Walsh who have spent their lives at similar
work for a meager consideration, would engage in blowing up
a ~uilding ~nd destroyin~ human lives? They were on the
stnke committee, and /;1c!y accounted for every dollar of the
�The
Western
Comrade
Page 't hirt- ·
funds that came into their hands mcluding the thousand dollar floors and the explosion went up instantly through the roof
. check that came from the East to T veitmoe. These men are with flames and smoke. Precisely the same thing happened in
l a~dermen in San Francisco. They believe 'in political action, the Times ~uilding that· happened on Second Street. It is
as you do. Their methods, are all constructive. They belong positively known that gas was the cause of the disaster on
to a differ~nt school from those in charge of the Eastern cam- S'!cond Street; and all the testimony given here shows that
paign. Sur'e]y you will not lay this disaster at their door. dynamite will not ignite ink or paper;- hence they have not
There is not one scintilla of evidence to indicate that they woven that dynamite, but they have proven that gas, was the
are even indi'rectly involved.
r
cause of the disaster in the Times buildi'ng. You are bound
Now, gentlemen, you promised to set aside the fact that by your oath to accept the evidence given here and to disJ. B. McNamara pleaded guilty. I know you cannot forget it, regard the plea of guilty entered by j. B. McNamara. A
but in as far as ·you .can, set it aside. Try to get it out of your plea of guilty entered by ot\ler men means nothing in this case.
mind. Now let me ask you if the State has proven that the There might be a thousand reasons why such a plea should
Times building was blown up.. by dynamite, and did they prove · be entered.
that the dynamite was eighty per cent?
.
Again; Mr. Mulholland said the point of explosion was
Let me direct your attention to the testimony of Mr. Mul- thirty-five feet back from Broadway and one or two feet from
holland. He testified that, in his opinion, dynamite or some the wall of Ink alley . •
other high explosive was the agency that caused the disaster;
Let me call your attention to the plans for the floor of Ink
that it was placed a few feet east of the ink tank and within alley. You will obser e that a .slab of concrete six feet wide
two feet of the north wall of the alley; that he thought the ex-. extendecJ along the north side of the alley, and from the
plosion fired the ink in the adjacent barrels and thus burned middle wall to the east end of the alley, and that a slab of
the buildings.
sidewalk glass four feet wide joined the slab of cement and
Yoii will remember that Mr. Mulholland and Koebig and formecJ the remainder of the Ink alley floor; being the south
Garbet and others tried an experiment with the dynamite and side. Now you will observe that a six inch steel beam supink close togeth"r. Mr. Mulholland was in charge of the ex- ported both the cement slab and the slab of sidewalk glass, at
periment. Mr. G~rbet testified that the oil was set on fire, but the line where they met, the beam running from the same
testified that during thirty years of experience he had never middle wall to the east end of the ailey.
seen dyn amite set anything on fire before. Mr. Mulholland
You will observe that the point of explosion as located by
testified that the dynamite did not set the oil on fire but that }/lr. Mulholland was from one to two feet from the north wall
the fuse fired the paper and the oil caught fire from the burn- of the alley. This places the point of explosion four feet
ing paper (Volume 42, 3045). According to the theory of north of the steel beam.
the prosecution, the dynamite in the Times building was deThis steel beam is the one that was broken and placed in
tonated by an electric spark set off by a clock and battery. evidence. There is not an engineer on earth that will tell
Such a contrivance would not even ignite paper.
you that dynamite .will sheer a beam lying four feet from the
Mr. Koebig, the chemist for the 'prosecution, stated pos- point, of exp1osion. The air would form a cushion, whicli
itively 1tha1!' none of the gases resulting from the reaction of would yield, and at the worst the explosion would only bend
dynamite would set fire to anything, but each a nd every one it. But the beam was broken with a downward stroke, . and
would extinguish fire.
if it had been broken by a blow from dynamite lying to the
According to the testimony of the State it could not have side of it, the . beam would have been dri·ven sidewise.
been dynamite that ignited the ink. 13ut all three of these . Nor can the dynamite be placed four feet further south, so
- rnen were of the opinion that an explosion of gas would ignite that the blow could be delivered downward upon the beam.
ink.
For many reasons it must remain where he placed it or all his
testimony falls.
I asked Mr. Mulholland the following questions:
"Suppose you had a room sixly feet long; suppose it was
You will remember that he said that the north ends of four
~n ~ndinary fraine building full of gas, properly mixed with
beams which rested in the wall on the 'north side of the alley,
air, that is, properly oxygenized; and suppose the gas wer~ were blown out of their sockets, and to the east. If this is
exploded; what would happen?" He said · the force would true, the dynamite must be -left near the north wall. If it
seek the line .of least resistance. I will read from the tran- were placed far enough south to break the beam it would have
script of his testimony.
·
blown the south ends of the beams out instead of the north
Question- "Would it go out at the windows or blow out the ends; but the south ends remained in their places. Hence the
walls and ceiling?"
dynamite, if th ~ re were any, must ·have been near the north
Answer- "lt would blow the walls out and lift the ceiling." wall. Furthermore, it must have been near the north wall if
Question-"SupJ)OSe a charge of dynamite were laid against· it is true that it blew a hole through the wall. You will
one of the walls and exploded. what would happen?"
remember that Mr. Mulholland testified that it did.
Answer- " It would blow a hole through ·the wall."
He abo testified that the stroke was radial, and that was
Question- "Leaving ·the remainder of the walls and ceiling why it knocked the . beams to the east and caved in the ink
substantially intact?"
•
tank to the west. But the north end of the ink tank was inAnswer- "Yes."
tact and the south end, furthest away, was caved in. The
Question-;-:-" Are you fam,i,liar with gas explosion s~"
north end of the ink tank and the north end beams were on
Answer- Yes, I saw one.
an east and west line. Why did it strike the north end of the
Question ...."Which one did you see?"
beams, and leave the nor:th end of the IJlnk intact? And why
Answer-"! saw the one at Second Street here."·
did it strike the so~ end of the tank and leave the south end
Question-" Where were you sitting_? " ' 1
of the beams intact?
Answer-"ln the rear room of the Willcox building.
The fact is, the north ends of the beams were driven out of
heard the explosion, and flames and smoke shot up through their sockets by a heavy cement arid brick cornice, falling from
the floor, lifting the floor."
the top of the five story brick wall, as we have shown you.
You remember his testimony? The gas on Second Street . The south ends of the beams were thus left intact; the south
lifted the floor and the flames and smoke shot up through the end of the ink tank was bent, and the six inch beam directly
roof; but he said dynamite would leave the ceiling intact. by its side was broken by a heavy lathe falling upon them from
What happened in the Times building? The gas lifted the the story above. ·
�Page fourteen.
..
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·
The
Western
Comrade
·)
(
Criminality~--The
B-y H . A. S e as ions
Probation :Sy_stem ·
Bill for his shortcomings till he breaks again for the saloon
to write more bad checks, to buy more whiskey, to drown more
!This is the second article on
of crime. Sessions
misery. Instead of putting Bill Brown in the penitentiary for
has had fifteen years' experience in this work.]
ten y~ars, leaving his wife to run a '~blind pig" and his
HE ultimate effect of the probatiQn system of dealing
daughters. to drift into prostitution, he should be · sent to a
with delinquents will be a complete overthrow of the
farm home for inebriates, built up in body, mind and charexisting theory of criminology as practiced for the last acter; while at home his family, under the care of a trained
hundred years in our courts. By easy stages, legislators,
home-builder, with proper financial aid, teaches the wife to
judges, lawyers, and people in general will realize that so- buy and cook food economically, to sew and mend, and all
called criminals are not much different frorr; other people;
the other little intricacies of household economics. Meanthat they are as much a product of society! as a minister, while, get rid of the corner saloon . .Then later on a real man
banker or a society woman, for which society itself is res- will come back to a real home, and the nation's foundation
.
.
ponsible, and for which it must accept the burden.
1s once more secure.
In answering a protest against the release of a delinquent
A recent Fresno case is a fair examp)e o f the crimes• comon probation, I frequently say, "We created the conditions . mitted against cr~minals. John Innocenceo of I532 G Street,
which made him a criminal, and we ought not to be ashamed
worked five or stx years for the Thompson Bros. as a comof him." A drunken man was kicked out of a saloon by the
mon laborer. Because contracting work is very irregular and
proprietor and lay sprawling on the walk. Calling the nearest because his wife has not been in good health, he was unable
policeman, the saloonkeeper asked to have him taken away. · t~ save money. During the last six months 'he has been out of
The officer, with gentle irony, said, "Leave him there, it's work most of the time, partly because he had a long seige of
~ood advertising."
typhoid fever and was very weak,
The old idea has been th:lt a crimpartly because there was no work to
inal is· such because he wills to be.
To gain a few nickels he
be had.
Because he intended to commit the
began bootlegging; he was · arrested.
S soon as we come to our
crime he must be punished. Legislafined $I 00.00 and fo r want of money
tors and jurists, with the chief execucommitted to jail, where he now is.
senses we will learn that crime
tioner in the "Mikado" singResults: A sick, penniless woman,
is a disea~e. Psychopathic experts,
"My object so sublime,
with rent unpaid, a pretty dal!ghter of
I will achieve in time,
thirteen in a dangerous situation, a
psychologists, criminologists, will be
To _make the punishme)lt fit the
man in jail earning nothing, wearing
employed by the ~ourt to find out
cnme,
out his clothes, and every day becomThe punishment fit the crime."
ing less fit for work. In the last ·anwhy the man commits crime, and
Courts and legislators have not been
alysis lnnocenceo deprived the state
interested in the poor devil of a crimof a few cents license tax money; on
the remedy will be applied to the
inal as a m<!-n, but in the juridical
the other hand society robbed him ofsource- of the crime as well a s to
aspects of a legal "case." Dead hands
a job, denied him a home, infected
of precedent reach up and draw the
him with typhoid, robbed his wife of
the victim of the social disease.
cowering, shrinking wretch down into
her support, and exposed the daughter
to all the dangers of poverty in .evil
the grave of hopeless despair.
A hundred years ago the good
surroundings. Yet according to law,
every officer involved in the case, from
. church people declared that insanity
was a visitation ·of the wrath of God on a · man for his in- police.man to judge, did his duty and deserves only comiquity, so the insane were locked in padded cells or loaded mendation.
with chains and manacles. Science finally demonstrated that
A reasonable administration of social justice would liave
insa·nity is a disease. Alienists, psychologists, nerve specaiven this man an education and a trade, made it possible for
him to own a small home that· could not be taken' away from
ialists, ssurgeons and physicians of the highest skill are now
him , taken care of him \vhen sick, and guaranteed him work,
empl~yed to cure the insane ..
As soon as we come to our right senses we will learn that or forfeited unemployment insurance, and it would have been
vastly cheaper, social efficiency considered.
cri~e is a disease. Psychopathic experts, psychologists, criminologists, will be employed by the court to find out why the
Criminality is the result of the interaction between a man's
p ersonality and his environment. And he is usually responsman commits crime, and the remedy will be applied to the
ible tor neither: Abe Ruef co~d not be Woodrow Wilson,
source of the crime as well as to the victim of the social disnor could Woodrow Wilson be Abe Ruef, no matter how much
ease.
will either might bring to bear. If this be true it is obvious
John Doe steals because his parents had syphilis in their
blood. Instead of confining him in a dungeon ·as a dangerous
that when we find a criminal we should change the environbeast, the obvious remedy is to send him to a hospital, clean ment from bad to ·good and put only such restraint. on the
man as may be necessary to protect society. He should make
up his blood, teach him a useful occupation, give him a job,
under friendly supervision. And, on the other hand, wage
restitution for his wrong-doing and damage done. Then we
should go to the source of the crime and apply the remedy
war on the disease that made him a criminal, and see to it
that John Doe's brother's and sisters, also with tainted blood, there.
.
do not bring children into the world.
.
The law providing for investigations by the probation offi. Bill Brown writes bad checks to buy whiskey to drown his
cer preceding the sentencing of an offender is a short step
misery because his wife's Ignorance makes family living cost
toward a reasonable interpretation of the causes of the crime
more than Bill can possibly earn; when he goes home, the and efficient methods of correction.
In the care of the probation officer of Fresno county there
•lattemly Mf• <ufh Md '~' ( lot of Wrty bn.u, aod =ld•
the' treatment
T
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�The
We,stern
Comrade
Page Mteen
are now 110 men on probation, wards qf the superior court. bring him tt the point where jail ·is almost a relief. Where
Three of them were convicted by juries and the remainder a man is a· :ested for failure to provide and has no work, how
pleaded guilty. The technical charges against these men can the officers of the law compel him to provide?.
include manslaughter, robbery, burglary, forgery, arson, rape,
More than half the time the wives are more to blame than
larcency, embezzlement and other offenses against p·ersons and their husbands in the "failure to provide" cases. Extravaproperty. Among them, so far as we know, there are no gance, ignorance, laziness, bad temper, immorality on the
"profession-a l" criminals. There are not mome than two or part of women make bad husbands.
three that are not good workers when suitable work is proThe almost universal . use of checks has niade the "bad
vided them.
che.c k" business a great burden on the courts. This class of
If these 11 0 men on probation from Fresno courts were in crimes is one of the "labor pains" of expanding civilization.
San Quentin penitentiary they would be costing the people We put the tool of commerce into the hands of weak and unHtarly $8000 a year more than they earn. The probation office trained men and must expect bad results. The officers of the
investigates them and then cares for them for less than $2000. law are trying to supply the lacking education. There is no
The earnings of these men is not less than $40,000 a year. crime more easily detected. Professional criminals seldom
A good many are earning over $100 a month. The profits on resort to it.
their wages is no small item to a community. Many of them
Probation is granted in rape cases, only when the female,
have families who receive their earnings, which go far to make being under eighteen, has given consent, and is herself de· their children better citizens.·
linquent and previously unchaste. The age of consent is now
Of all men placed on probation, about 70 per cent arc eighteen. Theoretically a girl should not be aWe to consent
completely restored to good citizenship, about 10 per cent to a "de facto" marriage unless she can enter into a marriage
manage to keep out of jail, another 10 per cent fails to repo~t "de iuris" 'without the consent of parents.
and the other I 0 per cen t are turned into court and given new
In practice, however, a 'great many girl~ in California are
or their original sentences.
I
fully developed women at thitteen, and beg·in promiscuous
The superior court judges have now, under the present law, relations with the other sex, long before that age. Long
the ri ght to refer a case to the probation officer for investi- before they have arrived at the legal age of consent, eighteen,
gation, in order to get any information
they become parasites of the most
which might help to determine the
dangerous class. I do not believe that
The
length of sente nce advisable.
rape is the proper charge against a
sheriff's office, through its bureau of
E are gradually beginning to
man entangled in such a net and freidentification, is of great assistance,
quently probation is the best solution
treat the criminal as a moralboth to the court and the probation
of the problem after conviction or plea ·
ly sick person, and to accept a part
office. The United States government
of guilty.
·
maintains an exchange at Fort LeavAside from education and training
of the responsibility of producing
enworth, Kansas, which keeps the picthere will•be no abatement in the numhim. Every time I see a criminal
tures, fin ger-prints and Bertillon measber of rape cases until we have either
uremen ts of every man convicted of a
in court, I say to myself "Somebody
open houses of prostitution or an equal
felony and sent to a state prison, and
opportunity for all men to maR}', build
has failed." The parent, the teacha great many others. The probation
homes and rear families. I am some..o
er, the minister, the neighbor, the
office sends inquiries concerning crimwhat inclined to favor the latter plan.
inals, all over the world if necessary.
Some of my neighbors prefer to boost
community, th e state-somebody
In one recent case, replies were rethe cost of livin g, the price of lancl.
has failed, and for our failures we
ceived from letters sent to J apan,
and by withholding education, trainmust accept our burden.
China, India, En-gland and Canadaing and opportunity, condemn men to
lifelong celibacy.
by letter we chased him a round the
world. By working in this way, it is
Gambling dens cause many cases
of embezzlement, theft, and all the
almost impossible for a crim1. al with
.
a recotd ·to get away from the probation office control.
other crimes aga inst property. It is a strange thing that
The natur«l passions and weaknesses account for most of society will tolerate the professional gambler. who makes
their offenses. More than half of their crimes were committed absol utely no return to society · for his mai'ntenance, supplies
when out of work and money. Many of th ese were out of no ge nuine human need, and wrecks many a life.
·
money beca use of drink, gambling and bad women. Then
The lack of religious and moral training is noticeable in
when moneyless, jobless, hungry and cold, they attempt to most offenders against the law. Unless a man has had the
spiritual awakening his ideals are usually low. An old-fashioncollect taxes for the poor.
When drinking, men commit crimes they would not ordin- ed conversion is about the only thing that can bring him
arily commit when sober; but under temptation or necessity, back to 5elf respect. '
they will commit the crimes when sober that they commit when
Most criminals come from poor homes, careless parents,
drunk. That is, liquor clouds their reason, or nullifies their divorced parents, father or mother <1ead. State aid to oracquired self-restraint. Ordinarily, the moderately drunken phans. and abandoned children, workmen's compensation, life
man is the natural man-with soul laid bare. Usually one who insurance, fraternal organizations, better schools and concommits a crime when drunk would like to commit it when he t~1Uou s employment at fair wage5 are partial remedies that
is ~ober . The drunken crime is usually the fruit of d sober are worth consideration .
wish or intent.
We are gradually beginning to · treat the crimin;J.l as a
"Failure to provide" is a felony in California. No penni- morally sick person, and to accept a part of the responsibility
less man d1.11 provide without suitable work. Many a man of' producing him. Every time I see a criminal in court, I say
to myself. "'Somebody his failed." The parents, the teacher.
·lo~es interest in his· home because he can't be a man among
men and,still take enough home to supply his family's needs. the minister, the neighbo r, the community, the state-someHis wife then loses her affection for him. Then loss of work, body has failed, and fo r our failures we must accept our
sickness, poverty, suffering, beat down his self-respect and burden.
W
�Page sateen
The
-Western
Comrade
Louisiana-ing un-de Lux~e
By Robert K. Williams
THE other day when I was doing useful work-that of
making the new quarters of the printinl? establ!shment ot
tlie Western Comrade and the Colomst habttable and
rainproof in their new home in Stables, L~uisiana-the rapid
footsteps of the editor noisily approached fro!Jl the rear, and
without a moment's warning or delicacy of approach, said:
"Here, Doc, come through with three to five thousand words
on your trip by auto · from Llano, California, to Stables,
Louisiana. · Be sure to write enough stuff, for I'll hav~ to cut
a lot of it out, and it's easier for me to slash it than lill in
myself-and be pront-o and, above all, be careful."
I stopped sawing long enough to watch his red-sweatered
form vanishing throu gh the doorway and from his gait realized .
that he wa s a strenuous individual who brooked no back · talk,
delays, or mistakes. That word "pronto" evidently is a slang
phrase he picked up from some cow-puncher, and means " gel
together," or something like that, and the injunction \O be
careful is a heritage of co-operative life learned on the stressful links of Llano's sloping plains.
All right, Mister Editor, here's a pronto and careful story
1
Colonists at Llano. California. jus t before starting auto trip
to Louisiana. AH Llano bade them "God -speed."
of an utid~luxe expei:lition by Ford auto from sunbaked and
thirsty Antelope Valley, California, to the forest-dad and
cut-over highlands of green and sunny Louisiana-a journey
of 2305 miles of tip-hill and down-dale; of trackless valleys
woven in mystic mazes by the feet of countless desert animals;
u·p grades, miles in length; over divides ; swinging on mountain
sides amid scenes of majestic gra ndeur ; crawling on the sides
of panoramas sublime and impressive beyond description;
and witnessing sunrises and sunsets that painted the heavens
and mighty crags and ~alleys in colors and shades supernal.
Isn't it an interesting thin g about a person when writing a
· a description of anything striking or unusual to note that he
says such and such is indescribable, proceeds to yank
every adjective from the dictionary in his vain attempt to
make you see it, too? However, not that I used' but one unusual word in the above description of the 2300 mile trip,
it being "supernal," meaning heavenly. Be .it ·confessed that
I used other words about the trip and my companions during·
the voyage.
·
Before going much further I may carefully state that we
arrived after four of us had been closely associated for twentythree days, still speaking to each other it is true, but quite
1
distantly. There were times on the trip that I thought my
happiness would be complete if a gila monster would bite
Babb on the neck and forever silence him, or if a tarantula
would nip off the end of Bruel's finger and thereby cause
. him to die; and as for the fourth member of the crew. Bert
Kenny, he deserved slaughter by starvation, for his silence or
his exuberant singing when some horrible accident occurred to
me (such· as bumping a lump on my head when trying to enter
the moving car). Yes, at times I hated the whole wad of them,
and I believe I remember someone of the party casting aspersions on me-in fact, I recall no\V. several times, when not
only one, but all of them, talked about me in a most heinous
fashion. I recall, too, that words wouldn't come fast enough
to convey my inward contempt for them, and it gives me
pleasure to look back and see how it cut them when I spoke
crossly. Babb says I have a way ·o f saying things that hurt,
but he magnanimously adds that he never pays any attention
to what I say.
~.
Four cars left Llano on November 15 ; 1917, for Stables,
Louisiana. These Fords, in proper order of lineup, consisted
of the following colonists; Enoc Irwin and john Suhre filled
the front seat, in addition to other impedimenta such as guns,
cooking utensis, tools and excess clothing. john and Anton
Van Nuland risked their lives, property and reputations, in the
back sea t. They were all cleanly shaven and wore white coveralls with the word "Llano" sewed on their sturdy chests.
When they arrived at Wildhorse, Texas, their chests were stil!
sturdy, but their coveralls were not white .and they were not
clea nl y shaven.
Next in order came Jess Morris in his cleanly-wiped Ford,
and arrayed in old clothes. With him were Wm. De Boer,
Fred Allen and Abe Ginsberg, all cleanly shaven and dressed
d ifferen lly. · Abc's red sleeping cap and khaki coveralls fooled
some refined fellow in New Mexico who grew embarrassed
when he inquired whether .he regularly wore his pajamas in the
day time.·
The third car was richly laden with kitchen utensils and supplies for the inner foundry ·and bedding for some of the
choicest of humanity·, namely, M. E. Babb, five feet ·three,
myself 178 pounds·; Ed Bruel, six feet one, whose legs could
easily use the radiator for a footstool, and Bert Kenny, whose
newly-purchased boots crowded and fought for floor spa,ce
with the stewpan and coffee pot. We were cleanly shaven and
· soon admitted . that we were taking our lives in our hands,
exhibiting .a darin g equal .to that of a mustang _breaker, when
we submitted our precious selves to Babb's care.
Henry Monahan, with Dr. jewett, and small dog Trix,
brought up the rear in a Metz. They were cleanly shaven (all
except T rix. the only one who said nothing one way or the
other, the whole way through). Trix never lost his buoyancy
or desire to chase after stones whenever the cars stopp~d. The
rest of us, however, frequentl_x lost our buoyancy and even the
ability to throw stones for littfe T rix. I have asked the opinion
of everyone who made. the trip &nd he has expressed it freely
and most emphatically, but many one-sided conversations with
T rix have elicited no response save an intelligent look and an
immediate search for a stone. Spme day I hope we humans
will evolve to the reticence of a· dog, and then a lot of trouble
will be averted.
This was to be a co-operati-ve, pioneer, prospecting expedition for the purpose of deciding whether it wovld be best
fqr the remaining Llanoites to come by autos or train to their
new home. A. · A. Stewart furnished me with a lot of selfaddressed postals to record our daily doings and runs. These
.....
)
�..
The
Western
Comrade
were to be mailed to him on the .fly and he was to transmit the
truthful impressions to the colonists left behind. For weeks
these slugs of truth .filtered through my very soiled fingers
over the glow of the camp fire or percolated through the aroma
of a milligan stew, and truthfully conveyed the salient slants
and shafts to a waiting populace. As a result, Bert Engle,
acting sup~rintendent of the Llano ranch, / chartered several
cars, and 130 colonists followed by train so close on our heels
that we hardly had time to forget them until they joyfully
wrung our hatids down here. But that's another story.
Enoc's injunction to us all, before leaving Llano, was to
keep together, the car behind to watch the tires of the car
ahead. We did so pretty well for a half mile, but we found
in exceedingly difficult to see Enoc's tires when he was a
hundred miles ahead , or was riding through the gloom. Four
minutes of active jolting on the road convinced us that watching the other fellow's tires was mere superfluity and merry
persiflage on the part of Enoc, born of a misunderstanding
of auto-tandem-travelling.
-·
When we left Llano, the whole populace turned out to bid
us God-speed, or something similar, and we had our pictures
taken in attitudes of travelers. which made us feel like real
persons of importance, and when- ;. ur good friends crowded
arot;nd us and grasped our hands and said words fraught with
new meaning, a lifting of the old clouds of doubt vanished,
and out heart~ hastened with a new beat in response to that
golden cord which binds us all and which only appears at
epochal times, such as at partings or reunitings. People whom
we did not know possessed the inw<~rd beat, pressed forward
hands and ~aid things that even yet tingle at the heart, and
make our old hopes and affections beat with new ardor. We
are all better than we seem. We are all better than we act.
The good and noble . and magnanimous is preponderant and
only, misunderstandings cause it to swerve or lose potency.
Given a cond!tion requ iring quick expression of the sympathies
and feelin gs, the love inheren t in evhy human breast bursts
forth, and like the flower opening to the sun, gives forth a
sweetness too ~ubtlt! for words, and delicious raptures -fill the
breast. I say it was goc:>d to have these sincere folks bid us
adieu and wi~h t:s f.afely on our way. Of course, no one
noticed this but me and that's the reason I'm talking about it.
A discovery s~ould be known, for mankind progresses in this
way.
We were to go by way of San Diego, Yuma, etc., and like
a c.onquering army, started off to San Diego and got as far
as Los Angeles. We stayed overnight, bidding wives goodbye
and the various fri ends we had acquired there on our several
visits to that wide-a~ake burg. It was like leaving home, indeed, to tear ourselves away, bravely to sta.rt for far away
Louisiana. A funny something 'stood it1 my throat as I waved
-- my little b~l!er half a nd her good and faithful friend, Mrs.
Webber, goodbye from the rear of a fas~moving electric car
in one of the pretty suburbs. But we soon turned t6 sterner
things.
Meeting the boys at a ga rage designated the night before,
we bought a lot of things for the trip. During our rounds of
the various automobile agencies we got a report that the
southern route was blocked by sand. There was nothing to
do tut believe it, and accordingly, at noon that same day, we
retraced our steps part of the way and camped that night one
mile from Victorville, 32 miles from Llano. Had the colonists
known that we had traveled two days and were 32 miles from
our starting point. a raucous laugh would have jarred the
rafters of the auditorium. However, we were on our way ·
and traveled 132 miles that day.
The camp was cold and dismaL Wanting to facilitate dress-.
ing in regular traveling togs in the morning, I undressed rat~er
completely and laid down to pleasant dreams! The lymg
down and the. dreams were not pleasant. The awakening
· Page aeventeen
was cruel, cold and embarrassing. One of the fellows turned
o~er, gentle like, something like a horse, and left me sleeping
wtth the canopy of night and the glittering stars for covering.
Cold? I hope that ice is not one of the punishment's in future
store for me, or any of my friends. I was so cold I was afrai(} '
to move when I awoke for fear I would break in two. When
I shiveringly put on my clothing: and I had mentioned the
fact that I had slept cold to fourteen travelers, a hearty,
coarse laugh 'from their hardy pioneer chests greeted the announcement. Their sympathies froze during the night, even
thou,gh they slept with their clothes on. Right there I learned
a valuable lesson, and after that, the moment I found my cap
in the morning, I was dressed. After a breakfast eaten long
before dawn ·with the steam from the coffee pots standing in
icy sentinels, we started for Barstow, the re<}l first step on the
southern journey.
•
Before going on, let us go back a few miles and again have
a look at famous El Cajon pass. It's worth while. The road
is as nearly perfect as human hands and machinery can make
it. It is a continuous up grade for miles, and ever-winding.
New and impressive views appear at every turn. It was late
in the afternoon when our f6ur cars laboriously chugged upward. With the new views and the reflection f~m a lowering·
sun, came weird and wonderful pictures on the distant mountain side. Colors and shades, seemingly endl~ss in variety,
"'Can we afford to ford
with
a Ford
r· .
came and went while watching. Indeed, the true meaning of
the kaleidoscope became clear. Arriving at the top. we all
stopped, allowing our faithful and courageous Henrys to get
a b~ath, and went over to a point which gave us a view of the
great basin below. A railroad track wound up and around,
making graceful curves, and trains tugging upward, looked
like toy cars, so small did they seem from our height. Californians are ·proud, of this fine road with its impressive beauty.
We were all deep in the delights of the picture, viewing and
drinking in the inspiration which is sure to come if one's soul
is as big as the chambered mind of a mosquito, and desiring the
silence usually present when prayer is offered up, when Gins- 1
berg broke the spell and in a voice suggestive of hectic fever, ·
said:
"Let's go; let's go! Louisiana is far away and its getting
dark. Its getting dark. Hurry lip; come on!"
Someone said something about eating and Abe reiterated
the fact th~t Louisiana was far off and that it was costing the
Colony $20 an hour for every minute we loitered. And we
hastened back to our waiting burden-bearers, started pell-mell
on~ard and camped near Victorville, as I have already said.
and where, if it had been much colder, Louisiana would still
(Coniinued on Page 37)
�c
Th 'C
What
By
Emma Goldmao
•
IS
I
Western
Comrade ,
Anarchism?
America continues to be blind to the inevitable bankruptcy of
our business in production. Nor is this the only crime of the
NARCHISM is the philosophy of a new social order latter. Still more fatal is the crime of turning the producer
based on liberty unrestricted byj man-made law; the 'into .a mere particle of a machine, with less will and decision
theory that all forms of government rest on violence, and than his master of steel and iron. Man is being robbed not
merely of the products of his labor, but of the power of free
are therefore wrong and harmful; as well as unnecessa~Y·. ;
The new social order rests, of course, pn the mater~ahshc initiative, of originality, and the interest in, or desire for, the
basis of life· but while all anarchist> agree that the rnam ev1l things he is making.
today is an 'economic one, they maintain that the so~ution. of . .. An~l'Chism ~annot but repu~iate such a method of producthat evil can be brought about only through the consJ?eration tion: Its goal IS the freest possible expression of all the latent
of every phase of life, -individual, as well as collective; the powe~s .of Jhe individaul. Oscar Wilde defines a perfect per~onahty as "one who develops under perfect conditions, who ·
internal as well as ·the external phases.
Anarchism is the only philosophy which brings to man the IS not .wounded, m.aime.d, or in danger." A perfect personality,
consciousness of himself ; which maintains that God, the state then, 1s only possible 111 a state of society where man is free
and society are non-existent, that their promi'ses ~re null ~nd to choose the inode of work, the conditions of work, and the
void, since they can be fulfilled only through man s .subord!na- fre.ed?m to work. One to whom the making of a table, the .
tion. Anarchism is, therefore, the teacher of the umty of hfe; b111ldmg of a house, or the tilling of the soil, is what the
not merely in nature, but in mal!.' There is no conflict be~ween . painting is to the artist and discovery to the scientist-the
the individual a nd social instincts, any more than there Is be- result of inspir~tion, of intense longing, and deep interest in
tween the heart and the lungs ; the one the receptable of a work as a creative force. That being fhe ideal of anarchism
its economic arrangements must con~
precious life-essence, the other the resist of voluntary productive and dispository of the element that keeps the
tributive associations, gradually develessence pure and strong. The individ•lllliiiiiiiiiUIIIIJIIIIJIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII\IIIIllllllll\11111\lllllllllllllllllll~i
. oping into free communism, as the best
ual is the heart of society, conserving
means of producing with the least
the essence of social life ; society is
waste of human energy. Aaarchism,
the lungs which are distributing the
"PROPERTY is robbery," said
however, also recognizes the right of
element to keep the life-essence--rthat
the great French anarchist,
the individl!al, or numbers of individis ,the individual- pure and strong.
Proudhon. Yes, but without risk
uals, to arrange at all times for other
Anarchism is the great liberator of
forms of work, in harmony with their
man from the phantoms that"have held
and danger to the robber. Montastes and desires.
him captive; it is the arbiter and paciopolizing the accumulated efforts
Referring to the American governfier of the two forces for individual
ment, the greatest anarchist, David
of man, property has robbed him of
and social harmony. To accomplish
Thoreau, said, "Government, what is
that unity, anarchism has declared war
his birth-right, and has turned him
it but a tradition, though a recent one,
on the pernicious influences which
loose a pauper and an outcast.
endeavoring to transmit itself unimhave so far prevented the harmonious
paired to posterity, but each instance
blending of individual and social inlosing its integrity; it has not the viUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJIIII~'llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
stincts, the individual and society.
tality and force of a single living man.
"Property is robbery," said the
.Law never made man a whit more
great F r~nch ana'rchist, Proudhon.
·j ust; and by means of their respect
Yes, but without risk and danger to .
the robber. Monopolizing the · accumulated efforts of man, for it, even the well-disposed are daily made agents of inproperty. has robbed him of his birth-right, and has turned justice."
In fact, there is hardly a modern thinker who does not agree
him loose a pauper and an outcast. Property has not even
the time-worn excuse that man does not create enough to that government, organized authority, or the state, is necessatisfy all his needs. The A B C student of economics knows sary ONLY to maintain or protect property and monopoly. It
that the Affi)c!octivity ·of labor within the last few deca!es far has proved efficient in that function only.
Even George Bernard Shaw, who hopes for the miraculous
exceeeds\ {lormal demand. But what are normal demands to
an abnormal institution? The only demand that property from the state under Fabianism, nevertheless admits that "it
recognizes 1s 1ts own gluttonous appetite for greater wealth, is at present a huge machi~e for robbing and slave-driving of
because wealth means pQwer; the power to subdue, to crush, the poor by br.ute force." T his being the case, it is hard to
to exploit, the power to enslave, to outrage, to degrade. see why the clever prdacer wishes to uphold the state after
Arnerica is particularly boastful of her great power, her enor- poverty shall have C' Ased to exist.
The most absurd : .pology for authority and law is that they
mous nation at wealth, Poor America! Of what avail is all
her wealth, if the individuals contprising the nation are wretch- serve to diminish crime. Aside from the fact that the state
edly poor? If they live in squalor, in filth, in crime, with itself is the greatest criminal, breaking every whtten and nathope and joy gone, a homeless, soilless army of human prey, ural law, stealing in the form of taxes, killing in the form of
what reason for boasting?
war and capital punishment, it has come to an absolute stand-- ·· It' is generally conceded that unless the returns of any still in coping with crime. It has failed utterly to destroy or
business venture exceed the cost, bankruptcy is inevitable. even minimize the horrible scourge of its own creation'.
But those engaged in the business of producing •Wealth have
Crime is but misdirected energy. So long as every
not yet learned even this simple lesson. ' Every year the cost institution · of today, economic, .political, social and moral,
of production in human life is growing larger (50,000 killed . conspires to misdirect human energy into wro.Dg channels; so
and 100,000 wounded last year); the returns to the masses long as most-people are out of place doing the things they
who help to create wealth are ever getting smaller. Yet
(Continued ~n Page 34)
A
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The
Western
Comra•de
Page nineteen
National N on~Re sis t a.n c e?
By Jessie Wallace
T
Hughan,
Ph.D.
HE conventional answer is a simple one: a non-resistant country, for the available land and resources are all staked out
nation must of course become the prey of its strong ?-S private claims; the second, for the title deeds of the aborigneighbor.
mal ruler, may be conferred, for value received, upon whom
"The possession of · .talth by a defenseless nation," says the government delights to honor.
Hudson Maxim, "is a standing, casus belli to other nations,"
The most important" difference between the two, however,
and "always there has been the nation standing ready · to lies in their availability as a field for investment. Important
attack and plunder any other nation when there was likely as are the uses of the colonial world as a source of raw matto be sufficient profit in the enterprise to pay for the trouble." erial and a market for superfluous products, it is not for these
This alternative of defense or conquest has up to this time uses chiefly that the modern powers are reaching out greedily
been accepted by the majority even of pacifists. The regular for n:w l <~_n?s. As Mr. Louis Boudin has pointed out, the inSocialist of every country expects some form of army and dust.nal na.twns have changed their index of prosperity from
navy to continue until the world triumph of the proletariat;
textiles to uon and steel, from consumers' goods to producers'.
and unilateral disa rmament is repudiated by all peace advo- We are willing to import our small wares from the East if we
cates save a few Christian idealists ready for'" martyrdom.
build them the machines and the railroads with whi"ch to proThe writer, however, ventures to take excepti~n ·to this due: them. Our capitalists are even ready to turn their atalternative. The United States is indeed a wealthy and dev- te.ntwn to a g~eat extent from home production in order to
eloped nation; and Mr. Max-irr is in a8reement with Socialist st tmulate new mdustrial centers in far-off lands.
philosophy when he pictures the ruling class of each nation
The developed nations are already saturated with capital.
By this we do not mean that money is
as out for profit. If, at the end of
the world war, the United States
free or that there are not still many
openings for profitable enterprise. We
should independently disarm, there
are familiar with the principle, howwould remain no military obstacle to
undeveloped country is in
ever, that as capital accumulates in a
the overunning and annexation of the
society the marginal units are forced
country by the first neighbor who
constant danger of seizure
into less and less productive uses, these
wished to turn a dishonest penny.
with or without pretext. Were we
units determine the general rate and
Such a catastrophe, however, need
citizens of Somaliland or Bagdad,
normal interest falls. For generations
not, we believe, be feared in the slightthe capital of England has sought forest by the United States, the reason
we could hardly look with equa~eign investment, and of recent years
being a simple one: the seizure of our
imity upon the process of world
that of France, Germany, and the Unicountry would present to a possible
ted States has done the same. ·
conque• 1r no adequate chance of profempue. Should we, then, advoJ. A. Hobson quotes a ~eries of figit. A wealthy and developed country
cate military resistance on the part
ures for British for(' ;gn investments
is, because of these very qualities, seof those countries?
Only as a
beginning with 1863, the last amount,
cure from attack.
for 1893, reaching £1,698,000,000,
Let us use our oconomics, and look
method of speedy suicide.
nearly 15 % of the total wealth of the
squarely at the matter from a business
United Kingdom.
viewpoint.
A great power demands
It is no wonder, therefore, that the
expansion, euphemistic word for the
capitalists of the world have of reseizure of territory, and according to
both Marx and the capitalist economists, this expansion is re- cent years turned their eyes from the developed to the undeveloped, from the civilized to the uncivilized world. The
quired as an outlet for the surplus products of capitalism.
Now in what way does the conquered country supply such an decadent nation such as Egypt, India, or Mesopotamia, the
outlet? Clearly not in the course of normal trade, for, as savage land such as Congo or Formosa, is devoid of native
Norman Angell has conclusively shown, trade does not neces- capital, waiting only for Westerners to send in iron and steel,
sarily follow the flag, and with a few artificial exceptions, tame the natives to cheap labor, .and establish for their own
a colony such as Canada or Australia buys and sells in the profit a new outpost of industrialism. Here is a field where
most profitable market, irrespective of imperial allegiance.
capital can be put to the highest prod• •ctive uses, but where
It .is not Canada· and Australia, however, but Congo and native races are incapable or undesi"r<.ous of this development
Mesopotamia, toward which modern Europe turns covetous and the outside investor has full sway.
eyes. It is these undeveloped cvuntries, · whether formal colThe developed country, therefore, is in constant danger of
onies or mere spheres of influence, which are the genuine bone seizure with· or without pretext. Were we citizens of Somof contention today ,as constituting the only territory which aliland or Bagdad, we could hardly look with equanimity upon
yields an appreciable economic profit to its political possessor. the process of world empire. Should we then advocate military
There are great differences betw.:en the developed colony such resistance on the part of those countries? Only as a method
as Canada or New South Wales and a possessidn like Soudan of speedy suicide.
or Korea. The first is the home of enlightened settlers, who,
It is the developed industrial nation alone that is capable
as Mr. Angell has explained, buy and sell where profit leads of material resistance in the twentieth century. Yet, from
them and refuse to be bound by any except mutually advan- the glimpse we have just taken into the motives of modern
tageous trade restrictions; but the second is inhabited by ig- conquest, we find that such a country would be valueless to a
norant tribes, unable to assert their trade rights, and an_easy conqueror. As soon as we imagine imperialist methods apprey to the vendor of silk hats or whiskey, as the case may be. plied to the United States, for example, the absurdity of su~h
The first type of country, though far richer in every way conquest is apparent. Our country is already saturated with
than the secon~. yet belongs to itself rather than to the mother
(Continued on Page 38)
THE
�Side View of the Commissary. This building is Up-to-date, Commodious, and Handles a Good Stock.
Tne
1-Juuting Househ old Goods from Sheds
,..
Latest Views of
and About the
Colony In
The Company Office in Which is Transacted a ll the _Financial and
Commercial Business of the Colony.
�•
Ha~dsome Annex of the big Colony Hotel.
This View is Taken from the Company Office. No te the Freight
Depot on the Righ t. Opposite is the Wa rehouse and Print shop.
This Building
IS
Usef ul fo r a number of Purposes
fypical Scenes In
Llano del Rio
Louisiana
A View of the T rain of Six Coaches Which Brought ISO California
Co lo ni sts to Louisiana
he
Brick Ready for Ba~ery
View of a part of the Great Mass of Lumber that Accompanied
The Louisiana Purchase
.•
�Page twenty-two
'the
Western
Comrade
A Page of Poems
OUT
OF
CHAOS
I am a child of the world.
I owe allegiance to no country more than another
country;
To no flag more than another flag;
The boundary of no nation hems me in.
And I love no race of people more than another rae~
of people.
All humanity to me is sacred
And all humanity is one.
Oh, a man is a man.
He is sacred and marvelous.
It matters not where he is born;
Or the language that he speaks.
His blood is precious.
His flesh is wonderful.
He is the child of God.
I refuse to be robbed of my sanity.
I refuse to murder my brother-who is part of myself!
I extend my hand to him saying,
"You are my comrade, and I love you."
-Ruth Le Prade
THE
VISION
MAN'S
CHOICE
For ages they murder----0 God, how long!
Yet still they are singing the old, old song
Of "Peace on Earth, Good Will To~ard Men.-"
But ever and ever the thundrous voice
Of justice is bidding them use th'e choice
Implanted by God in the souls of men.
Use it, abuse it, renounce it if you will,
But out of the chaos it thunders still.
It speaks, in a tone they can not elude,
Alike to the king and the multitude;
Murder and plunder and poverty's hell,
Or love and blessing the choice shall tell.
Use it, abuse it, renounce if you will,
But out of the chaos it thunders still.
And they shall account for the blight and wrong,
Who, arming for battle, yet sing the song
Of "Peace on Earth, Good Will Toward Men.'
For ever and ever the terrible voice
Of Justice is bidding them use the choice
Implanted by God in the souls of men.
-Marguerite Head.
BEAUTIFUL
A wondrous vision thrills the soul of me,
Where man, triumphant over lust and greed,
Stands glorified in his ascendancy
Above the ages' weight of war and creed.
No loud-voiced braggart, he, but splendid, true,
He finds in labor man's nobility;
In art and science blazes paths anew,
And honors woman from her bondage free.
LET
ME
CAMP
ON
THE
TRAIL
Let me camp on the trail with the restless ones,
The ones who cannot be still;
Let me share, as they share, from a board that is bare,
Through the days that are long and the nights that arc
chill;
Let me camp on the trail.
Great man and woman, human yet divine!
Upbuilding cities, light and white and pure,
Where daily tasks with lovely scenes combine,
And town's and nature's blended gifts endure.
Let me shape the arrows that point out the way
From the leaders' slash on the trail;
Let me feel, as they feel, keen impress of the heel
That is thrust upon those who dare to .assail
The law of "Ye slaves obey!" .
Supernal vision! Man and woman blest!
Their minds' achievements crown the realm with
grace;
Their hands have fashioned homes of love and rest. __
A better country for a better race.
. - Marguerite Head.
Let me sit by the fire whose bright ruddy glow
Reflects from the hearts of men;
Let me give, as they give,-of mys~hile I live,
That all those who follow shall know 'twas for them
That we blazed out the trail.
- FeJrel Firth.
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fhe
Western
Comrade
Page twenty-three
Were the Majority Socialists Rig-ht?
No!
I
·Yes!
B y J. G. P h e I p s S t o k e s
By Adolph Germer_
Pro-War Socialist
Anti-War Socialist, Secretary National Socialist Party
f SEEMS to me so evident that· opposition to the war HAS
vastly w~kened the Socialist party, that it does not appear
worth while to take fifteen hundred words .to answer the
question as to whether such opposition WILL weaken the
party.
The average membership in the party during the five years
immediately prior to 1917 was 94,000.
January 31st of this year the membership was 75,840.
During the vigorol.ls anti-war campaign, which occupied more
space in the Socialist press than anything else during the two
months preceding the St. Louis convention, the membership .
sank to 67 ,S I 0. By April 30th, two weeks after the adoption
of the anti-war resolutions at St. Louis, the membership had
fallen to 61 ,594. There then followed an enormou.sly aggressive membership campaign, and a great deal of adverti:;ing space in the party press (in the East at least) was
used to bolster up and fortify this campaign, and special deliberate effort was made to rope into the party all the pacifists
possible, regardless of their known sympathies with Socialist
principles. This appeal for pacifist support was carried to
such a point that Morris Hillquit, in opening the 1917 municipal campaign in New York at Madison Square Garden,
frankly made the war issue the keynote issue of the Socialist
campaign, declaring that the November elections would offer
"the first real opportunity to the greatest community in the
country to express its sentiments on peace and war," and
that the verdict of the citizens of New York would be eagerly
awaited by the people of the whole world.
A few evenings later, h'e declared before the Brooklyn
Civic club "the issue of war and peace will probably be a
deciding factor in the coming election. It will be the first
opportunity for the people to express themselves on this issue."
All of Mr. Hillquit's opponents in the campaign were unequivocally outspoken in pledging their support to the
American government in furtherance of the Allied aims in
the war, so that no opponent of the war .could logically support
any candidate other than Mr. Hillquit.
The Socialist campaign for members as well as for votes,
in this part of the country, was outspokenly made on that antiwar basis, and I am advised and believe that in general
throughout the country an . appeal for members as well as
fpr votes, was similarly made on an anti-war basis. This
vigorous anti-war .campaign made by the Socialist party during the months immediately preceding the election gained
about twenty thousand members for the Socialist party in the
country at large, so that in October membership reached
about 80,000-this increase of 18,000 or 20,000 members
being a direct result of the vigorous anti-war campaign that
was carried on.
But all these extra efforts made by the Socialist party's
campaigners failed to raise the party membership to anywhere near the average of the preceding five years. The .
above facts ·supplemented by such letters as John Spargo and
myself have received from all parts of the country in connection with the organization of the So~ial Democratic league
and of the National party, appear to afford convincin~ evidence- that the Socialist party's repudiation of the cause of
International Democracy, as manifested in its attitude toward
the present w~r. has cost the party a loss from its member(Continued on Page 34)
T
HE QUESTION put to me is, "Will opposition to the
war weaken the Socialist party?" Any answer I give, of
course, may cause some debate. The party has grown
in membership· since the St. Louis convention where the
famous resolution was adopted. Those who favor the Majority report, quite naturally, and I think justly, claim that this
growth is due to our a~ti-war attit)-lde. We Si).Y that had we
done as the pro-English Spargo, Simons, Gaylord, et al, wanted
us to do, we should be no different from the Democratic and
Republican parties. Had we endorsed the war, as they did,
what incentive would there be for anyone joining the Socialist
party? One could just as well stay with the Democratic or
Republican parties, the parties of the steel trust and other
·profit mongers. They stand for the war. True, their program is couched in slightly different language , than that -of
Simons, Gaylord and Spargo, but they are for the International killing just the same.
Those who have in tbe past called thelhselves Socialist and
have joined hands with the worst labor exploiters in the land
claim that our increase in membership came from the German ranks. Because we stand consistently by our past
declarations on war, we are charged with being agents of the
terrible animal that is running loose in Europe-the Kaiser.
As Post used to say, "There is a reason for everything." Perhaps the fact that some of tQe ex-Socialists are in the pay of
Defense Councils or serve on some sub-committee that has a
name a yard long, while others are patted on the back by the
plutes and told how intelligent they are, 'accounts for their
vaporings against the party's position. Who knows!
Thi·s, of course, is aside from the question, but it is important because it may explain why they try to arouse suspicion and distrust in the Socialist party. When the connections of former prominent party members are understood,
the Socialist party will not look so Kaiserish after all. But
what else can they say to make out the shadow of a case
in their vain attempt to weaken the party?'
No; our opposition to <ne war has not and will not weaken
us. On the contrary, we have proven ou r consistency . . Our
position on the war has shown our thorou gh reliability. It has
brushed away that doubt in the minds of many who wondered
what we would do when the test was put to us. The ·people
have !ea.-ned that we do the t~ings we promise in our official
declarations.
·
At the b,eginning of the war, not alone non-socialists, but
Socialists as well, the very persons who deserted, or were
kicked out of 1he Socialist party, denounced the European
Socialists for supporting .. their governments. They wrote
lengthy articles, charging comrades with willful dishonesty
because they did not agree with the author's "uncom,romising" anti-war prograam. Now this same author is drawing
money from tpe Council of Defense. Would anyone say
that the loss of persons who dance such mental tangos is
weakening the party ? The European Socialists were condemned for supporting the war. We 'are condemned for not
supporting it.
Moreover, the hideousness of capitalism with its inevitable
horPQrs of war will impress itself more vividly on the mind
when the realities of war' become more visible. When the
results are announced and the legless, armless and eyeless
(Continued on Page 34)
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Page ~eoty-four
The
Western
Comrade
Comment and Criticism
By
Alec
LA FOLLETIE
CCASIONALLY, there appears in public life a man who
.
.
.
..
.
IS the despair of his political associates--and the ho~e .
of the people. Such a man is . La Folktte . . Compare him ' ··
with Woodrow Wilson. At bottom, Wilson is probably sincere, but as far as his public utterances are concerned, it is
difficult to tell how much of them is idealism and how much
is rhetoric; and as far as his public work is concerned, it is
just as difficult to tell h9w much of it is principle and how
much is political expediency. But La Follette's entire career
is ch-a racterized by a hearty earnestnesi and a thorough-going sincerity. Bernard Shaw gave Wil son credit for having
made no political mistakes, and Shaw is perhaps right, for
Wilson's mistakes have peen, not in politics, but in statesmanship. And when he plunders, he finds it necessary, nevertheless, to continue, finally convincing himself and others
that it was really no blunder at all. It is just here that Wilson differs most from La Follette; for, in a matter of broad
statesmanship, La Follette's judgment is much surer than Wilson's , and should he find himself in error he is the type of man
that would at once sta rt anew. It is this quality that, "in
spite of all superficial laws, temporary appearances, profitand-loss calculations," as Carlyle put it, makes men like La
Follette invincible .
O
GERMAN
IN
THE
Wat.kins
is not likely to be very amenable to the forces of progress.
Let it be understood, ~owever, that it does _no~ fol!ow_ because we do not want children taught that capitalism IS nght
that we therefore ·want them taught that Socialism is right:
On the contrary, no principle, however well eslllblished, and
no opinion , however much it may be venerated, should be
taught as absolute truth. To a system of education of that
kind is largely due the very widespread aversion among men
in later life to the use of their brains. It would be difficult to
improve upon Spencer's dictum of a half a century ago that
"ch ildren should be told as little .as possible and induced to
discover as much as possible." Instead of making the mind
of the child a dumping ground for a mass o'f conventional
aphorisms ,ready-made ideas and second-hand facts, we should
try to induce in it a genuinely independent activity. Every
possible expedient should be used to encourage the child to
search out its own facts, work out its own ideas and form its
own conclusions.
After jill. what progress requires of men is not that they
be definitely committed to any particular belief. but that they
maintain open minds, and that they be cou rageously ready
to experiment in the New when the Old has been found wanting. In order to produce a generation of men of this calibre,
it will be necessary, not only to dispose of the particular dogmas that enslave today, but also that our educational institutions be kept free from any sort of dogmatising whatever.
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SCHOOLS
CHESTERTON, MELODRAMA, AND WAR
HE CLEVER Mr. Chesterton, in discussing an aspect of
the ·war, recently re-asserted his belief that melod~ama
accurate ly portrays life. Particularly does he defend the
authenticity of the melodramatic villain, even to his conspicuous jewelry, his blood-curdling chuckle, his arrogant stride,
his evident delight in evil for evil's sa ke. And of course, in
his great tragedy now being enacted, Mr. Chesterton assigns
the role of villain to the German.
Now it is true that melodrama , and for that matter, the
more moderate drama, fa ithfully reflect certain facts of life
as we have believed them to be, but not always as they · are.
And, of course, iq the play, the problems arising from these
facts. are met much as men have met similar problems in their
everyday lives, but not as they are learning to meet them in
the light of experience. Then, too, while complexity of plot
i' essential to the ordinary drama, it takes more than an ordinary dram ati st to even hint at the complexity of life. In
melodrama, at least, li fe is a fairly simple matter: there are
good people an d bad people in the play, 'and the problem is
to reward the good and to punish the bad. a consummatiqn
that is devoutly wished, strangely enough , by both the good
and the bad people in the audience. However, the more modern drama reflects the growing tendency to regard heroes and
EDUCATION
villains as but incidents. We are begining to glimpse the unN THE recent New York Gty election the Socialists were derlyin g causes that are th'e real forces for good or ill, and
with which we must treat directly if we are to accomplish
compelled to take a negative position on the subject of any permanent good. The business of killing villains has
education. It is to be hoped that this will not be the case failed as a matter of practical expediency; it has often done
always. This matter of education is vital. . It holds the solu- greater dama ge to the virtuou s than to the vicious; and altion of a thousand problems. Socialists need to wake up to ways it has failed te d ry up the springs of villainy.
its possibilities. The fact that our educational system, from
It must be remembered, too, that in the written· drama, . a
the country schoolhouse to the great univ•rsity, is in the hands satisfactory conclusion depends only upon the skill of the
of the enemy, is no mere stumbling-block ·on our pa\h. but a . author. But, from Chesterton's own point of view, in our
high brick wall. Day by day, children are taught systemat- world tragedy, the author a nd the villain are to be found in the
ically the immoralities and inanities of capitalism and war. same person. In any case, whoever the author may be, if
A generation nourished on a disease-breeding diet of that kind
(Continued on Page 37)
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NE of the least welcome by-products of the wa r is th e
attempt to eliminate the German language from the
school curriculum, in various localities. The re is no rational
excuse for assumi ng that the perusal of German literature by
Americans will hurt America any more than it will hurt Germany. The German classics, for the most part ,_ were produced before Germany became a military power, and reflect
no more of the military spirit than the classic literature of
any other country. Their study in America, therefore, would
not develop here those tendencies which we deprecate in
Germany. And the militaristic literature of Germany would
really make good loyalist propaganda for our government.
There is another reason why the knowiedge of German should
be exte11ded rather than restricted. After the war. it is quite
imperative that we understa nd the German people, whether
they co ntin ue our enemies or become our friends. If they arc
to he our enemies. we must understa nd them in order to know
how to deal with them. 1f we are to be friends with them, as
we may b~: permitted, with President Wilson, to ·hope, a better
underst_andin g is most essential. And .this understanding can
be arrived at more quickly and more surely if the barrier of
language is broken down.
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Page twenty-five
The Principles of Money
By Clinton Bancroft
it represent the general value that enters into all things, and
you have money as the term is practically understood today.
T HAS been shown how land and chattel had to be trans- These stages represent the growth of the invention of money.
ferred · in ancient times by giving actual possession in the
The man who first wrote out a description of his land, or his
open market or before · witnesses. This was barter; and
chattels, or his obligation, and handed to another that written
it made no difference whether one · or both the bartered representative of value described, for the purpose of thereby
articles were metals· or any ·o ther thing of value. And the
transferring the ownership of value itself to tliat other, is the
attention · of the reader is. drawn to another familiar fact in
man who invented money. His dust has been blowing about
history always to be found along with thi~. that is, tha t
the world for more than fifty centuri-es, and yet men are only
wherever history shows a time or people that required ex- beginning to see that the written representative :of value which .:._
changes to be effected by the transfer of the actual possessions he issued (the deed to land , the bill of sale t<;> chattels, the
of the things exchan ged, histo ry will also show that no methods note of obligation) possessed the essential qualities of money. ·
of so representi ng thin gs as to identify them were known, or, The burnt brick, the papyrus, the parchment upori which the
if known, they were either unfit, or the people were too un- written representation 'was written , possessed practically no
familiar \vith them to use them; and this il¥ true whether vql ue in themselves; but they represented value, they identicoin or stamped metal called money was in use or not.
fied the ownership of that value, and that ownership followed
their exchange. · The gold, the goods, th~ land they repWherever and whe never the transfer of the actual possession
of the thin gs themselves was essenti al to the exchange of
resented, could never be money. The intrinsic value they
values, it will be fo und that no mea ns of representin g value possess effectually bars them from representing another value.
was known, or the knowledge was too restricted for practical
They may be used to measure other values, but not to repuse. Things of value could only be
resent them . . No means have ever
been devised· by which value could be
represented by the things themselves;
represented commercially except by
and NO thing represented any value
HE metal advocates will tell
written or printed description,- and
but its own . Coin itself did not. It
therefore, only such representatives of
stood for nothing but coin. Not until
you that metal is a medium of
value can constitute money.
th e art of writing was inven ted was
exchange. Tha t is true ; but why
an y means devised whereby things
But, thougll men have been slow to
recognize in a mental way that the
c_9uld be so represe nted that the repis not their medium, .their metal,
written representatives of value, which
resentations could be used in a comperforming its wo rk? Why docs . it
they have been handling and exchangmercial way for the things t\"lemselves,
allow ninety-nine hundredths of the
ing and passing to and fro. among
and history will show that until a
themselves, really possess all the es;
exchanges of the world to be efpeople became familiar with the a rt
sentials of money, a nd that nothing
of writing no representative of a thing
fected by other mediums?
else does, yet they have •always done
was ever accepted for the thing itself.
Prac tically their metal is not a
so in a practical way. Wherever the
If coin was in use before writing wa•
meduim, but a basis for mediums.
art of representing values obtained the
known so much the worse for the
. o• f· com
. to represent
'
That is, it isn't money at all, but .J.
complexities of trade invited its use,
c Imm
any va1ue
basis for money.
and the convenience of that use was
but its own. If shells or wampum belts
so great that men never failed to take
or fetish things were used by unletteradvantage of it. That" which was at
ed tribes for · the purpose of barter,
first simply a convenience became, tin· it can be shown that the things they
,
used were held valuable, not because they· represented value, der the growing commerce cif the world, a necessity; and today
but because they possessed value in themselves. They rep- without recogniZin g them as money, denying indeed that they
are money, ninety-nine hundredths of the exchanges of the
resented nothin g.
The invention of writing carried with it potentially the in- world arc effected by written representatives of value. Gold
ventio n of money. The earliest remains of writin g that have a nd silver certificates, national bank notes, drafts, bills of exbeen discovered, the burnt brick records recently found among change, stocks, bonds, checks, certi-ficates of deposil, wareChaldean ruins, reli.\te to commercial transactions and furn- . house receipts, due bills, promissory notes, bills of sale·, mortish us with the earliest instance of the commercial use of the gages and deeds-all these representatives of value are the
representa tives of value for the thing itsetf. The inscriptions mediums by which the exchanges of the world are t6day
on these burnt brick are found to be deeds to land, bills of effected. They all possess the essential qualities of money.
sale of chattels, ·and promissory, int~rest-bearing notes of in- All, however, do n'ot possess the conveniences of money, but
dividuals. In them we find the invention of m~mey - first they do possess its essentials and they perform its functions.
shadowed forth. When men found that the written descripStrange to say, howeve r, that which docs not possess the estion of a thing could be used to represent the thing itself and se.i'tials of money and does not perform its functions, is what
be made to identify it, they soon discovered that the possession · the world persists in calling mon ey. If what the world calls
of that written description, of that written representati-ve, could money is mon ey, why don't it perform its functions? Ask the
be made to identi fy its OWJlership. If the possession of the metal advocates what money is, and they wjll tell you it
- written representative of value could be made to identify the is a medium of exchange. That is true; but why isn't their
ownership of that value, the passage of that possession from medium , their metal , performing its work? . Why does il allow
hand to hand would carry with it the ownership of the value . ninety-nine hundredths of the exchanges of the world to be
that it represented. To make such ~ use of the represepta- effected by other mediums? They teH us the reawn is, tha t
tive was as natural as to make the reprsentative stand ·for the their metal medium is in some safe place servin g as a basis
thing. Now, generalize that representative of value. Instead of these other mediums. Then, practically, their metal isn't
of having it represent the value of a particular thing, have
{Continued on Page 25)
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The
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JES.US AND WAR
By Robert Whitaker
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HE Rev. John Haynes Holmes, minister of the Church I admit that it is harder to do · it with Jesus than it would be
.of the Messiah, at the Broadway Tabernacle in New with Mohammed. But they do it, and then proceed to justify
York City, is reported in the "New York World" of it as best they can.
March 7, · 1917, as making the following statement the preWhich simply shows that the authority of life itself is more
vwus evemng:
compelling tha·n any authority of names. Either we do not
n;ason about matters or else our reasoning goes deeper than
"I suppose I'm a good deal of a · heretic in theology.
don't believe · anything Jesus taught just because H_e said any mere issue of what anybody has said, and we act acit. I am interested in anything He said, just as I am in- · cording to the whole body of instincts, impulses, and interests
terested in anything Charles Darwin said; but a basis of which are in us and around us. And against the vast volume
truth must be found elsewhere. I believe Jesus of Nazareth of the glacial drift in which we are caught, and with which we
is the greatest teach.e r the world has ever seen, because He move, the influence of our poets, prophets, and the Christ
himself avails but slowly, and in the main, only as it avails
taught the things He did."
When the secretary of our Christian Pacifist conference to affect the general momentum and direction of life.
was seeking . to secure a hall for our meetings in Los Angeles,
And, furthermore, these men and women whom we appeal
October, 1917. the landlord of a certain hall in that city to as "authority" ~ctually speak with authority only so
'which we tried to engage, used these words:
· ·.
far as what they -.Y answers to the ultimate facts of life.
"I am a Baptist, and I am just as good a Christian as any We pay attention to what . Jesus said finally as we find His
of you are. But I am an American, and. if Christianity words answering to a larger and larger experience of life.
gets between me and my country,
Jesus' condemnation of war, if He did
damn Christianity."
condemn it, would amount to nothing
The two men were doubtless very
eventually, if war should prove to be
wide apart as to their theology, for
a permanent requisite for the..-progress
THE Christians of the South
Holmes is a liberal, and it is dollars
of mankind. We would no more
to doughnuts that the Los Angeles
adopt His philosophy than we would
justified their side of the Civil
man. is severely orthodox. But they
adopt His dress if the philosophy provWar just as easily as the Christians
really meant the same thing, although
ed as inconvenient and inapplicable to
of the North justified their's. GerHolmes said it in a much finer tmJ far
times and conditions as the dress. On
more Christian way.
the other hand, if it be proven that
man Christians and American
Jesus justified war, nevertheless war
When you ask me, therefore, to disChristians are heartily agreed on
will go on if it is to human advantage
cuss the question, "Does the philosthat it shall go on. Life itself is ·the.
ophy of jesus precll!de war between
the main proposition: that while
determining factor as to what life will
nations?" I am bound to say at the
they do not like war, still the duty
tolerate and what life• will condemn.
outset that the inquiry has really very
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is thrust upon them, and they must
And if Jesus remains as authority for
little to do with the actual attitude of
us it will be because He spoke acthose who ~all themselves Christians,
fight for Humanity's sake.
toward war. Ne;,: . .:~ as to the rightcording to life at its highest and best,
fulness of war itself, nor as to the
and not because life is going to conform to any mere word of Him or of
relative rightfulness of this or that
any other man.
party to any :war is the authority of
. Je~us a decisive factor. The Christians of the South justified
So then it does not matter whether, as some of us surmise, ·
their side of the Civil War just as easily as the Christians of the J esus thought of himself as .the Jewish Messiah, suddenly and
North justified their's. German Christians and American Chris- unexpectedly revealed to himself as such, and to be revealed
tians are heartily agreed on the main proposition, that while speedily by His Father in a new order which would sweep
the~ do not like war, the duty is thrust upon them, and they away ail the nationalisms and imperialisms of His time like
must 6gbt for humanity's sake. For both of them, to use a chaff before the wind,or whether, as most Christians believe,
favorite illustration of our own <j.pologists, the house is on fire, He came to His career out -of miracle a11d with a semi-superand they cannot stop to hear argument, or to consider con- natural consciousness, and built a .c hurch which He anticipated
stitutions and bills of rights, or to even be merciful and hu- wou ld outlast the centuries. Whether the Christ of miracle and
mane; ~hey must put out the fire. And if Christianity gets tradition, or the vastly more impressive prophet of Nazareth,
in the way, well-most of them don't say it, but they do who, within the compass of an ins~lar experience and an
actually damn Christianity, damn constitutions, and damn any- apocalypt'lc' expectation, wrought out an attitude toward life
thing else that gets in their way. " Can't you see, the house which is good for all times and places, and for the whole
is on fire? Shut up and get busy." The only difference be- evolutionary expectation of the race, such authority as He has
tween Germans and Americans in their appeal to this apt for us is not arbitrary, and it is not seriously affected by the
illustration is as to which house is on fire. But they are particular field of immediate ideas in which He worked it out.
equally willing to have Christ go along and help them put out What the Wright brothers did for flying does not depend upon
what they said about it, nor upon the characteristics of that bit
'the fire,- in their neighbor's house.
No, this is not cynicisq~. It is a mere statement of facts. of beach in Florida where they ·worked out their theories, but
Christians fight for the . ~arne reason, o.r reasons, for which upon their contribution to our knowledge of the actual laws of
other folks fight, and choose sides, or are choseri, like the rest flight. War is reasonable or unreasonable, right or not right
of humankind. If they were Mohammedans, Mohammed would · according to the witness of life itself, and the witness of Jesus
be their prophet in battle. Because they are, or call them- is worth with respect to war just as rriuch as it answers to the
selves Christians, they must needs make a war-man of Jesus. worth or unworth of war itself,
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Page twenty-seven
So far as we know He did"not discuss war, or nations, in any and all ye are brethren~;, There is absolutely no' ro~m for
formal way. His view of life was intensely individuaL Jt is ~ect~rianism, for partisanship, for nationalism, or for any subat this point that men have missed the meaning of one of His Jection of the ·soul to anybody here. It is a declaration of
profoundest utterances which has been most absurdly forced human. independence which puts the document that jefferson
into the service of war of late. "Think not that I am come wrote mto the category of the shpe.rficial and the incidental
to send peace on earth; I ~me not to send peace, but a so personal, so profound, so everlasting it is.
·
sword," He is reported to have said when he sent out His
Now Jesus was either right or wrong about this doctrine,
disc'iples' on a preaching tour. The whole utterance, which is1 which lies at the very _root M His whole attitude toward life.
found in the tenth ~hapter of Mathew's gospel, .reads like a It is this ·doctrine· out of which He said with no consciousness
reflection of later times upon the experiences of the apostolic of blasphemy, "f and My Father are one." And it was His
church, and an interpretation of what they conceived to. be aim to make every man able :to say the same for himself.
the Christian attitude toward their work and the opposition ] esus taught in . the most absolute fashion the ·immediateness
which they met. But if the words be taken as literally the of every man's relation to God. It is the ultimate of moral
words of jesus they lend no comfort to the apologists for war, independence, by which we come back to that with which we
and they 1cut the very ground out from under' the whole doc- began, that not even the authority of jesus is authority tor us,
trine of nationalism.
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but only the authority of life itself as each soul comes to the
For this is, in substance, what jesus says, put into modern experience of life. He is a uthority for us only as He is truth,
phrase:
and truth must test even Him for His authority.
"The world\ wars are group conflicts, in which a man . It is of secondary importance, therefore, · that He said in anhas usually the support at least of his fami ly, or his tribe, other connection, "Blessed are the peace-makers." We must
or his nation. But the doctrine which I teach is so intimate, test that say:nr, by experience.. Or His word, "Put up thy
so individual, that it will cleave all the relations of life . s~ord; they that take by the sword shall perish by the sword."
asunder. The war that will follow those who follow me 1 hat also must be proven out. Nor does it matter much what
will divide a man from his father, a daughter from her He did to the grafters in the Temple, though that whip of
mother, a daughter-in-law from her
small cords has been worn to shreds
mother-in-law, and a man's foes . rr================;~l by the hard-pressed grafters of our
will be those of his own houseday who are anxious to use it on each
hold."
.. CHRISTIANS light for the same
. other's backs. Fie on theni.. that they
Now this is the characteristic condo not see that if He could get one
reasons for which other folks
flict of all absolute loyalty to truth.
square look at them He ·would clean
light, and choose sides or are
them all out with a whisk broom! No,
Men usually 'go in groups, as churches,
chosen like the rest of humankind.
the real philosophy of Jesus is not in
parties, sta tes, or nations, a nd few men
If they · were Mohammedans, Moany incidental utterance or even in
and women act for themselves, and
hammed would be their prophet in
any isolated act of His. It is in His
out of sheer loyalty to the vision of
teaching of the soul's solitarines$ beGod in their own hearts. But jesus
battle. Because they are, or call
... fore God, and the one and' only loyalty
taught in severest terms that there is
themselves, Christians, they must
which He admits has any right to rule.
but one loyalty, and that is the loyneeds make a wa r-man of. Jesus.
alty of a man's own soul to his own
You can no more imagine Jesus a
It is ha rder to do it with j esus .
Germa or an American than you can
experience of life, and the living voice
than with Mohammed. But they
imagine Him a Baptist or a Methodist.
of God within him.
do it and justify it as best they
Our national contentions would be to
. Here is the doctrine in its baldest
Him as absurd and as horrible as the
and boldest terms. "Except a man
can.
religious wars over some rag or ritual,
hate his father and mother, he cannot
be my disciple." That is, unless a man
or some tissue of theology. There is
·. no patriotism with Him,. as there is no
so loves truth and so follows righteousness that compared with his loyalty. to them, even love of · partisanship, and no sectarianism. There are just these
father .a nd mother is cokl as hatred, he does not know wha t two thirigs, the two commandments, which He said summed-up
real loyalty to truth and righteousness are. What room is alf law a nd all p_rophecy and all religion: to lov.e God, that is,
there in such teaching for the irrational and immoral dogma to be loyal to goodness and truth a nd these alone, and to love
of bur times, "My country, right or wrong"? How can men man, whether the j ew. of our own ·nation, or the Samaritan,
be Germans, or Englishmen, or Americans, and be Christians, who just now happens to speak German.
And whether j esus was right or not, let life itself prove.
if this be the teaching of jesus? The fact is that so far as
any man is German, English, or American, he ceases to be
Christian since he sets up another loyalty above sheer loyal.ty
IN FLANDERS
By James Waldo Fawcett
to the Christ mind and mood.
So also must we understand jesus' words which are generalChrist went walking on a battlefield,
ly ignored by the orthodox, and most superlically understood
And came where men lay in red death;
even by the conventional liberal. "Call no man father, call
Where the sweet earth was rent and torn
no man rabbi, call no man master." Certainly j esus was not
With cruel steel and hidden mine;
· · concerning himself with mere titles, as the connection will
· Where proud kings' banners met the dust;
show, though it is easy to guess what he would have thought
Where all the subtle schemes of lords
of the rag-tag of our professional and ecclesiastical toggery.
And tyrant masters knew defeat;
But back of these words is the profoundest democracy. Here
And Christ looked down on His own pierced hands
is a repudiation of all hero-worship, all subordination of man
And His wounded breast. and He said in pain:
to man, all loyalties which obscure the soul's own vision of
"These are indeed my. brothers
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God. You are not to be imitations and echoes of ·a nybody,
For they die even ·as I died ·
· whether it be a Paul, a Luther, a Lincoln, or a Karl Marx.
And they who send them out to death
"One is your father; one is your teacher; one is your ll)aster;
Evilly kriow n~t what they do!"
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The
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Stifling Radicalism
By Walter Pritch.ard
Eaton
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NEWSPAPERS of more than local
T ~-IEespecially
the magazines of America,
circulation, and 857.01. If the new rate goes into effect, they will have to. pay
are facing the in annual postage an additional ~ 1,823,542.44. Add to this
· gravest crisis in their history, and only you, the reader, the increased cost of paper in 1917 over the preceding year of
can save them, because 1t IS you, m your capacity as voter, $1,107,016.61 and you see these fifty-five farm papers facing
a deficit of $2,348,683.85, which the subscribers will have to
that your congressman listens to,
The. war revenue bill was passed in the very last days of pay, or else the papers will go out of business. And what is
the last Ccingress, a'n d it carried a provision to increase · the true of the agricultural papers is true of all magazines. Eightysecond-class postage. rates according tc a zone sys,em, .ranging six periodicals, with an average aggregate. circulation of
all the way from 100% increase to as !Ugh as 90'0%. Such 21 ,246,404 have reckoned that the new law and the increased
a system, which is a radical departure both in practice and cost of paper will leave them facing a $4,858,785.45 deficit . .
principle from all our postoffice traditions, ·d oes not affect the
Now, it is perfectly obvious from these figures that the magpaper of merely local circulation. It affects to some extent azines will have to increase their prices treme)ldously, and that
the larger newspapers, but chiefly it hits the magazines of the public, therefore, will have to refuse to subscribe to a
state and national circulation. It not only says to the man in great many of them. Enough, certainly, will be forced out oi·
California that he mu~t pay twice as much for his ~agazines · ~usiness to nullify any proposed increase iri postal revenue,
as the man in New ·York. where the editorial offices happen to the law thus proving a boomerang, while those which do surbe; but if this provision of the revenue bill is not repealed, vive will be greatly reduced in ·circulation to the nearer zones.
if it goes into effect next July, a large number ,of magazines'
Let us see what this means in the case of magazines like
will automatically be put out of business. If you want to the Western Comrade, or other publications which reach the
save them there is just one way to do it-write instantly to workers, the. men and women of radical thought, and such like
your congressman demanding that this law be repealed.
despised creatures whom our congressmen affect to love before
The object of the law- ostensibly, at least-is to increase election. and hate the rest of the time.
· • revenue by lessening the "deficit" in the postoffice department.
Heaven knows these papers are not run to make money!
Just how revenue is to be increased by ·putting those who pay We radicals have been digging down in our jeans for years
it out of business is rather hard to see. But, as a matter of to keep them going. No, they are edited by devoted men and
fact, the postoffice has never been conducted in such a way read by devoted men-including women, of course, for the
that any human being could say with any accuracy where workers are real democrats-in order to bind more closely
the "deficit" lay-in what division of mail. But it has been together the interests of the workers, the people who are disdetermined by impartial investigation, both here and in Eng- contented with a world that has all on top and nothing underland, that terminal handling, not haulage, was the large item neath--these papers will be the first to die!
of cost in second-class mail, which means, of course, that the
The Saturday Evening Post, with its 2,000,000 readers, its
rural free delivery is far more responsible for any postal defi- tremendous advertising revenue, will survive allright, never '
cit than the cost of hauling magazines and papers by train. fear. . A11d. with all due respect to its sometimes excellent
Now, the rural free delivery 'tloes not exist for second-class fiction. the Saturday Evening Post never took a real stand oa
mail alone, or even primarily. Ftlrthermore, to 11sk the farm- a pubiic question in its timid life. But all the papers that
er on a 'rural free delivery route in California to pay eight live and take >tands, champion progress, defend the workers
times as much as the farmer in southern New York for the and attack the profiteers will go by the boaJd. Then t;:e
delivery of his farm paper or his maga~ine, in order to support workers, the radicals, will have no papers to keep them i:1
the system, is the utter negation of the whole principle of our touch with one another, Maine with California, no chance to
national postal service. The parcels post, which is conducted put forward. their .theories and claims, no opporturu~y ;o
on a zone system, is an express business, organized' as a soc- champion their cause.
ialistic public service to lessen the cost of living. Nobody
THE POSTAL LAW IS A BLOW IN THE DARK AT LA. can 'object to the zoi1e rate here. · But the distribution ot
private letters is a pa¥ of the na tional intercourse, of the BOR AND DEMOCRACY. IT HAS GOT TO BE. REexchange of ideas and education. There is just as much PEAIJED!
That's what it means to the -radical and labor press. If
reason why letters should be sent on a zone system as why
magazines should be. To say that magazines and papers are it meant only that, however, there might be small chance of
published to make money, and hence should suffer the same repealing it, because Congress doesn't really care what betax as boxes of eggs or packages 'o f dress goods, is a trivial comes of labor. But it means a blow at every sort of magbegging of the question. Editors are paid, as school teachers azine, and, therefore, it mea ns a blow at every kind•of voter.
me·, and publishers do try to make moaey, of course. But And you can bet your bottom dollar that'Congress cares ~bout
·
primarily the magazines of America exist in answer to a need votesl
After all, the matter boils down to this: Are we, as a
of the public, they' are public servants, and they carry across
the land the ideas, the stories, the articles, which give us a. people, so sh6rtsighted as to kill our organs of national {as
opposed to local or sectional} expression? Are we going to
- ....... • national, as opposed to a local, point of view.
just . what the new zone increase of second-class postage tear down the ·national structure of magazine and perioc:fu:ai
will do to the magazines is well illustrated by the case of the entertainment· and instruction we have been erecting for> genfifty-five leading farm papers in America. In 1916 these fifty- erations? Are we going to choke off our eflorts to have a
fi ve papers, on which millions of our farmers depend for the better national style of architecture, better gardens, better
exchange of ideas that makes them better farmers and larger farms? Are we going to prevent the man in Oregon trom
crop producers, had a net profit of $581,875, or an average seeing how a lovely house on Long Island is built? Are we
• profit per paper of $10,5 79 (probably divided between several . to exploit the toil of others, and behold the spirit of generosity
>to<kholdm). In thl'~' ym thoy p•id in po>t•go $569,-
(.Continued on Page 35)
�The
Wester~>.
Comrade
. f'age
.
I
·mty-nme
•Co-operative Edu~ati'on
.
~
are the b~anches most urgently needed by our people: In
our language depa"rtment we have two courses, plain English
AXIM GORKY. the famous Socialist editor, of Russia,
and advanced English, and in these two courses we have 2700.
says that the most imperative need of his country is students enrolled.
·
'
the spread of scientific knowledge among the people.
The first step in an edu'cation is the ability to read and writ~·
Upon this, the success of the new Russian republic· depends .. the Engli_s h language correctly. Before a student can take
This· is the basis of all success. As long as educaiion is conany 'll.dvanced training, he ·must lay this . .foundation of an
fined to any class, that class will dominate. If we are to ·make education. .
•· ·
• ·
·
a success of industrial democracy in this -country, 'We mus.t
'Language, spoken and written, is the medium by ~hich -we .
educate the people to that end.
must convey our ideas. We cannot get 'into touch with the
To accomplish this, thousands and thousands of tnii'n~d truth concerning the great forces of ·life a~ut us except
teachers, writers and advocates are necessary-:-men and through an understanding of language. We cannot make ourwomen who are trained in the facts of life· from the libertarian selves understood and impress our ideas upon others except
point of view, who can say what they want to say, and pre- through our ability to choose and use the words which adsent the truths of industrial democracy in a plain and ·con~ equately expr.ess our thoughts.
vmcmg way.
The power of effective expression does not come to man as
To meet this demand·. there has been established at F crt a ~ift of the gods; it is· a matter of education and training.
Scott, Kansas, a great co-operative educational institution, !t 1s no~ by mere ~hance that ·some people have the power of
chartered under the laws of the State of Kansas as a non-profit mfluenqng the acllon of others. It is not because of personal
making corporation. Today this institution has nearly four magnetism or some strange hypnotic spell. It is because they
thousand stockholders, called members
have the ability, through the spoken or
of the College union. A life memberthe written word, to make others see
ship cost five dollars, payable a dollar
what they see, ai1d understand as they
understand.
a year for five years ,and the member
HERE
are
over
six
hundred
receives a five-year subscription to the
Words are the most interesting study
correspondence schools in the
College News, a monthly magazine dein the world. They image the evoluUnited States today. One of these
voted to the in terests of the school and
tion of man from the time the lint
to industrial democracy.
savage grunted for what he wanted,
schools gathers in $6,000,000 of
to the orator of today. Every word
Some years ago, J. I. Sheppard and
the workers' money every year.
Fred D. Warren recognized the urgent
is a brick in the structure of life. HisMore tha n - half of this immense
need of working class lawyers, and
tory is written in the words we use,
orga nized what is known. as the Appeal
and in these words we find the exsum is spent on advertising and
to Reason Law class. It proved to be
perience of the past, ready to act as a
agents' commissions.
Capitalist
guide _for the future.
an immediate success. This was the
owners pocket a large share of it.
beginning of the educational work
We have felt that the greatest ser;¥ice that The People's College could
represented today by The People's
Why can the workers not co-operCollege.
render was to prepare a course in plain
aie to educate themselves?
English-simple, ·clear, free from all
Knowledge is power. Nobody recognizes this great truth more 'Keenly
unnecessaFy rules 11nd formulasthan the workers of the world, for
showing the student why good ianthey have been denied this knowledge.
guage expresses his though't more .l"cA very large percentage of our men and women were com- curately than poor language. The rules are not given . as
pelled to go to work in their early youth. They grew up a rbitrary expressions, but rather as the best product of the
almost without education, handicapped for life by the poverty common usage of the people. The steps which lead up to the
of their parents. Can this condition be remedied now? The necessity for a rule are clearly given, and then the rule apAppeal to Reason Law class furnishes the answer. The pea rs as a natural and logical statement.
success of these students has enabled those who are inferested
Our law class numbers nearly a thousand itudents, and is
in working-class education to say to their uneducated com- constantly in_creasing. The practical value of a legal edurades·. "If you can not go to school, we will bring the school cation ·has never been ·appreciated by the members; of the
to you."
working class. As a training for efficiency and leadership, an
In education lies Labor's only road to freedom, a~d the education in the law stands unequaled.
development of the correspondence method of instruction
Lawyers-and their families-constitute one-half of one
makes it possible to bring education to every workingman's percent of the population of this country. They constitute
.. home.
fifty-eight percent of the members of Congress, and they domThere are over six hundred correspondence schools in the inate all the state legislatures. Man for man, the lawyer has
United States today. One of these schools gathers in six twelve hundred times as many chances as the farmer has of
million dollars of the workers' money every year. More than becoming a member of Congress; thirty times as many chances
half of this immense sum is spent on advertising and agents' as the banker, and ten times as many as the edittJr.
·commissions, and a very large portion of the balance goes, as
What is the reason for this startling fact? There is a wellprofits, into the pockets of the capitalist owners. · It is the known prejudice in this country against lawyers as a class;
purpose of The -People's College to give education to the and yet, in spite of this prejudice, the law-trained men domworkers at the cost of rendering the service, and to render inate every branch of public life today. Why?
service of the highest class.
Because the study of law gives a mental drill. a cultural
Thus far, we have been specializing on two great branches training, an insight into the details of .social 9rganization,
- language and ·the law-because we have found thht these
(Continue<! on Page '35)
M
By A. A. George
T
•
•
�' )
\
J
Page thirty
Rege ·n eration
.
fill the world's hope. It is $imply a transference ol power
from one group of tyrants to another-a new dam that sooner
N THE FACE of this great world crisis, is there any jus- or later will again break apd let d~struction loose upon. the
tification for our hopes of peace and justice throughout the race. More than military victory is ' needed. The~e must be
world? Is nol mankind hopelessly iost in the mazes of brought about a basic change i·n the economic structure of
)
savage instincts and barbarous impulses? These and similar society i'tself if we are t.o see humanity at peace.
And this . change .the present world-war is evolving.
questions are asked daily by those whose souls have 'been
The race; purified in the crucible of the present. trial, will
sickened by the contemplation of the physical horrors of this
awaken to the glow of a new and· powerful idealism that shall
great world catastrophe.
The answer to the firSt (]Uestion is undoubtedly, yes. Hope renovate the views and concepts of mankind. The glory of
without a justifiable ba·sis, is superstitious fanaticism . . Supersti- this idealism shall be that it shall compel men to live for sertion is not a healthy, but psychopathic condition. r maintain vice instead of for personal gain. The keynote of this idealism
that not only is there a basis for hope in the face of this ter- shall be fellowship rather than rivalry.
This is the hope of the race, and, strange and paradoxical
rible situation, but that there is no need to despair for the
as it may seem, it will be brought about by the -exigencies and
future of mankind.
Mankind as a race is superior to type, empire or nation. necessities of the present war.
The most anti-social forte in the world is forcing organized
Types may melt, empires fall and nations pass away, but
through it all the race survives and marches onward to the ful- production and distribution and closer co-operation in the.
fillment of its destiny. And in that fulfdlm ent, the human race essential industries. Out of the new needs and necessities
will make good the age-old promise of "peace on earth, good .created herein must ' of necessity ·spring new ideas which will
will towa rd men."
·
embody the hope of the ages and the
Before this promise can be realized, li"'================it salvation of the race.
There is, then,' a certain recompense
however, we must do more tha n exfor the titanic ·sacrifice of man. Out
tinguish the fires of militarism. We
HE present world war is evolvof the very maelstrom of terror we see
must bring a complete peace to the
ing a revolution in the affairs
the birth of new social forces and the
world. The world has not known a
of men. The race, purified in the
fundamentals for a new pol{ti~l and
complete peace. A cessation of armed
crucible of the present trial, will
economic life. Russia moves forward
hostility is not peace. August I st,
awaken to the glow of a new a nd
in the scale of development. Both
1914, was but the date on which a n
plan and purpose are being evolved in
powerful
idealism that shall renoage-old industrial and commercial warthe management of the food supply of
fare blossomed into its logical Rowervale the views and concepts of
the nations. War, the embodiment
military strife. The difference between
mankind. The glory of this idealof chaos, is the compellant of organithe two forms is that militarism is
ism shall be that it shall compel
zation. Co-operation and system,
swifter, more spectacular, and in asmen to live for service instead of
born of military necessity, are bringing
pect, more awful than the normal infor personal gain. The keynote of
a joyous message to a world sick of
dustrial warfare. But in its ultimate
strife and fratricidal combat. When
this idealism shall be fellowship
effect it is not needfully more terrible.
the clouds of war have cleared , we
rathe~ than rivalry.
"A man may be mercilessly starved
shall then see that man has progressed .. instead of mercifully slain." It may
even in the dark.
be argued with some logic that miliThis is no justification of war anu
tarism has phases that are more humane than that vast orgy of despair-modern commercial militarism. It is simply a realization of the fact that, while
industrialism. Both are fraught with horror and death. Both the logical outcome of industrial ·competition is war and .that
destroy the souls and bodies of men. Both military and com- by virtue of the ecoQomic needs engendered by war the world
mercial warfare are hideous in their ruthlessness, withering is forced to adopt a more sane system of production and distribution, war will die by its own hand because it destroys the
and blighting in their consequences.
·
l. therefore, hold that it is our task to bring about a com- system upon the folly of which it thrives.
War in this world is not the paramount evil. It is but a
plete peace-a peace both military and economic-befo-re the
golden hopes of the souls 'of men may be realized. Produc- manifestation of the major evil that gives it birth. And as
tion for profit, the matrix of militarism, must give way to a long as the evil endures, there will be war.
system of production for use. And .this ca rries within itself
It is a time-worn statement-an almost boresome one to use
the healing balm of peace.
- but the fact remains that there is a class-struggle. This
To those who seem to believe that the overthrow of the struggle exists not only in our own country; it exists in all
Kaiser and the crushing of the Prussian military machin~will civilized lands. Society is divided into two great groups-the
bring about our redemption from strife, the resurrection of Housl! of Have and the House of Want. The processes of
justice, I will say that they are destined to be sadly disillusion- making and taking are naturally antagonistic-often unconed. The overthrow of Prussianism will no more abolish war sciously hostile. The House of Have is commercial; it buys·
than the battle of Waterloo and the exile of Napoleon abol- labor power. The House of Want must sell its labor power in
ished Imperialism.
·
order to live. Have buys as cheap as possible ; Want tries to
T'he .exile of Napoleon and Jhe breaking of his military sell as dearly as competition with his fellows will permit. Want
power simply placed a dam in the river of avarice until its creates more than he gets . . Have must dispose of what Want
pent-up waters broke through the artificial restraints and en- does not take. · Have must have markets. Without markets
gulfed the world in the present Aood of horror which threatens he cannot employ Want. When Want is not earning wages,
the very life of our ' civi)ization. The mere stopping of one he cannot eat. Hunger drives him on to rebel against the ·
manifestation of mili.tarism by another is not enough to ful- House of Have. The House of Have must keep open the marBy Dr. John
Dequer
I
T
......... .
\, .
�Th~
Wes I e.rn
Comrade
Page thirty-one
kets of the world so as to keep a certain percentage of labor and the hunger resultant therefrom '1\~11 work wonders in reemployed constantly. If it fails in this it will go down in the cl.aiming man from t~e wreck he has brought upon himself by
maelstrom of social revolution.
hts folly. Peace WJII be ushered in as the root-systein .of
This is the condition in every civilized country; The ruling war-capitalism-is destroyed.
group must keep labor eternally busy or cease to be the
."Oh ...bu~ your dream of peace is futile," quoth the pessiruling group.
!"~st.
Thmk of the other factors-racial, geographic, relEngland, prior to the war, lived in deadly fear of Germany's Jgtous, and so forth. Are these not the real and fundamental
growing commercial power on the one hand and in terror of causes of the world's woe?" They are not such, in any sens~"<.
industrial and social unrest on the either. The commercial They are c,onditioris developed along the path of human evo- power of Germa ny made it difficult for England to employ her lution that cause men to lend themselves easily to emotional
labor, and the need of labor ripened into an increasingly ·po• excitation. They are easily fomented into an orgy of self-love
tent solidarity of the working class that threatened the ve·ry which, ·in 'turn, makes social hate poss.ible. They produce, '
foundation of the House of Have. The same problem faced under the stimulus of excitement, a type of brain action that ·
the German junkers. If they were . to survive as the ruling exclaims; "My race is the great race!"
group, either they or the English group · must be supreme.
They- the whites-said this in East St. Louis : "lYJy
Hence the world's blood-bath. For were it not for this struggle country is THE country! And I'll kill the soul' that disagrees!
launched for commercial supremacy, Europe, by the very My God is THE God-your's is an idol!" Under the stress of
needs of her people, would soon have been compelled to this emotional excitement , men accent the word MY. For the
adopt a ·national or state socialism.
·
ego, race, country and God came into existence.
The stru ggle !hat originated in Europe is a &ath-grapple
Our race we inherit. Our country is ~ matter of the chance
of individu al proprietorship to get the needed oxygen for its . of birth. Our religion we are tau ght when youn g. They are
all hereditary possessions and are thin gs we do not consider
existence-namely, ma rkets to exploit.
·
This war was doubtless started b:t the Central Powers to deeply unl ess under great excitement. . And the excitement
break up the propaga nda of a P<~nge nerally has an economic originSiavic alliance in the Balkans which
arising out of conflicting claims to
bread . and love.
threatened the free access of the
former to Africa and Mesopotamia ,
Ma n is not by nature a warrior. He
these territories , as yet , being undevelloves peace. He would rather .flee
N their desire to fasten the yoke
oped storehouses of the wealth of the
from oppression than overthro~ it. It
of submi ssion upon the neck of
world.
The German rulin g group
was
this that helped to scatter him
labor, the rulin g groups have lit a
over thett earth. "Governments, not
realized fully th at control in the Balfire that threatens to consume their
kan s gave th em the power to sneer a t
peoples, declare war," said President
own dwellin g. That which was deEnglish navalism, for the Hamburg-toWilso n. And it is true that the people
abhor war.
Bagdad railway gave it possession of
signed to kill or at least set back
an overland route to substa ntial fields
Wh at is a government? Never mind
the triumph of Socialism has made
of supply. But the war, once started,
the dictionary definitio-n. Government
the adoption of the basic principles
soon went beyond its control, so that
is what government does. It is an orof the latter an imperative necesthe struggle, started to keep Junkerganized force to safeguard property at
sity. · It is thus that "Whom the
dom on the backs of the German
the expense of life. It is a force in
Gods destroy, they first make mad."
people, now bodes the annihilation of
the hands of the House of Have to
all predatory classes.
regulate the activities of the House of
In their desire to fasten the yoke of
Want. Further, it is organized to protect rulin g groups from the greed· of
submission upon the neck of labor,
the ruling groups have lit a fire that
,
one another. Here, however, it is
thr-eihen~ to consume their own dweflin g. The needs that \vea kesl. Government i ~ also a social force developed to collect
follow it.J the wake of the war-dragon can 110 longer be sup- debts at hom e and abroad. This makes it -~ broad militarY'
plied by individual industry. That which was designed to power. Government is the executive committee of the propkill or at least to set bac k the triumph of Sociali'sm has made ertied c.lasses. If Mooney in San Francisco was a large propthe adoprion of the basic principles of the latter an impera- erty-holder, he would unquestionably undergo a slight risk
.
tive necessity. It is thus th at "whom the Gods would destroy, of being hanged. ·
they first make mad."
Thus the House of Have is endangered by labor's awakening.
This war has ungloved the grim hand of necessity. He is Feeling that their end was imminent, the ruling groups plunged
a stern commander. He brooks no -rebellion. His mandate is, the world into war. And out of this war, neither the House
"Conform or die!" Ultimately, his hands lie with equal of Have nor its gove rnments shall emerge. They will perish
weight upon the rich and the poor. He brooks no delay, in the fire of th'eir own kindlin g. Classes and powers shall fall,
but the human race, true to it ~ hope of immortality, shall rise
but forces action.
--"
It is r.atural for man to wish to hold what he has and to resplendent in the glory of a universal kinship.
strive for more. It was thus that the ruling group in Germany
Remove the powers that make for hate and behold the
tried to crush the ruling group in England and vice versa. world bathed in love ! Remove the cause of avarice, the right
They were compelied to crush each other, were they to exist to exploit the toil of others, and behold the spirit of generosity
as ruling groups. Then from the needs of the groups grew triumphant!
We must make the world safe for democracy from East
the needs of the whole, and this universal need compelled .
government control. careful economy and organization every- St. Louis to Butte and from Butte to Bisbee. We must make
where. Threatened with defeat, slavery a·nd death, the ruling it safe at home and help to make it so abroad. We cannot do
groups banished individualism in production and distribution-. this by destroying humanity.
We need a humani zed world. Governments that rule the
They arbitrarily established organization, conservation and
people must go. The people must own the earth. We must
social service.
(Continued on Page ' 39)
The woes of war will exhaust the commissary of the world,
I
�I
Page thirty-hvo
The
Western
Comrade·
Co-operation· the World Ov·er
N ~ t e s A b o u l t h e C h i e f Co- o p e i: a t i v e s G I e an e_d f r o m M a n y S o u r c e s · The Johnson _ Co~nty Co-operative Association
Popularizing Co-operation.
Written for the W es tern Comrade 1
Co-opera tion as an cc&nomic principle ' is receiving· the serious considerati on of practically · all industrial classes. Its application _to special lines
HE old es t and rno;l successful co-opera tive merc a ntile establisho f agricultura l distribution and marketing is enti rely feasible and offers a
men! in th e Unit ed Stales." This claim of the Johnson County
solution o f problems and.. difficulties tha t are prac tically hopeless in. so
Co-operative _Associat io n of Olathe, - Kansas, is entitled lo careful
.conside r;;t tion. It is undoubtedly 'true as regar.d s to a ge, it being established _ far as the individua l is conc.erned. In the United Stales Department of
Agriculture co-operati ve organization is considered to be a primary and
in 1876. Ao lo ma tori a l succe}_s, it h as prvbably n o eq ual. In addition
fundamenta l project, for it is believed th a t co-operation in agricult ure is
to profits or savings to membe rs o f over $)00.000, int erest of 6 pcrceitt has
a correchvc meas ure that will p lace the industry upon a solid basis and hec n paid on th e :nvcstrncn t du rin g lhe entire life of th e Organization Until
do much lo insure the future h appiness and prosperity of the nation.fave y ears ago. h is an impressive showing, and i!l addition to that
U. S. Office of Ma rk e ts and Rural Organization.
la r{le sum saved direc tly lo th e comm uni ty . there has been the mor~ v aluable items of servi ce a nd marke ti ng facili ties, and a strong incentive
toward reasonable prices in all li nCs of mercha ndi si ng.
Tulare Co-operative Poultry Association
' Howcv.er, ·the reco rd is ~ol a ll ' of the b1g p ro f11 s a nd great success.
Written fo r the W es-tern, Comrade
Shortly , flcr th e orga ni za tion ent e red upon it s fou rth d ecad e it st ruck. a
On
March
20th
.
191
3, was formed one of the most successful-ahh~ugh
pe ri od of reverses and hard times, until a t present il is working under a
one of th e smalles t- co-ope ra ti ve associa tio ns in th e · West. It is called
d efi ci t of over 15 p ercen t o f th ei r capital s toc k a nd ha ve paid no di vidends
the Tulare Co-ope ra tive Po ultry Association· and h as a membe rship of
fQr obout seven yea rs and not even interest on investment for over four
112 po ultrymen.
years.
In 19 16, 6000 cases of e ggs, or 18Q,OOO dozen, were handled and
It is this phcnomcnn which caugh t my a l! e nti o n a nd held it when I
sold fo r nea rly $50,000_ The egg busi n.ess alone dur ing 1916 amounted
carne in to uch w ith ihe j ohnso n Cou nt y Co-ope rativ e Assoc ia ti on . I b e lo $46.838. th e po ultry business to $10,554, and supplies, $21,139. Becarne more int e res ted in h un t in ~ for th e causes of thi s se t-back than in
sides saving its members considerable in feed prices, the Association
st uJying th r records of it s previous large div idends. What was the secret
clea red $ 1.7 52. af te r charging o ff all its bad acco unt s a nd liquida tin g its
of th is sudde n reversal of fo rtun e? Was it possible thai co-operati ve
indeb ted ness.
u r ~·ani z a t ions (·arry wi thin them some fata l defec t?
The chi ef purpose of th e association is to effect a saving lo members
For over a year I ha ve studied th ei r business organi zation int ima tely; I
on poultry produce and s'upplies. At the present time, the association store
have come into close pe rsonal con tac t wit h their membership and officers ;
h as ple nt y o f feeds o f a ll kinds. Members are offered barley at $2.75,
I ha ve goss iped w it h th eir o ld men about lh c " good o ld times !" I h ave
co rn a t $3 .90 a nd wh eal a l $4.25.
hunted among their old · records and papers; a nd my fina l conclusion is
On e of th e proofs of th e genuine spirit of co-operation prevailing
th a t th e ca use of th e ir decl ine lll,s in fa iling lo rea lize th e !rue co amongs t the members o f the Associatio,; is th e fac t that this year the
opera ti ve ideals necessary for successful organiza tion .
membe rs ref used their h a ndsome dividends and o ffered the profits of the
Permi t a brief s tatemen t of . a few his torical fa cts. The organization
pas ! yea r placed in a collec ti ve fund for the development of their business.
sta rt ed through th e Palron·s of Husband ry , or ·Na ti o nal- Gr a nge, w ith a
The Assoc ia ti o n publish es a membe rship paper co nt aning ne~vs of the
few hund red doll ars capital; th e immediat e incentive being ex tortion and
pou ltry world bi-mo nhly.- ELBERT GEORGE, P res ident.
com\Jina tion amo ng the pri va te merchants. The s tore was placed in charge
o f a youn g man who immediately made good . The s to re grew by leaps
Co-operation Not For Middle Class Only
~nd bounds und e r his ma n a gement , be ing h elped by th e organi zed op·
position of unsc rupulous priva te me rchants, and from the original s tar t
\."'·opera torS m th is count ry have not ins tituted a vigorous propaganda
of a fe w hundr ed do llars soon reach ed a capital of $100,000 with fiv e
fo r co-opera tio n . Enli gh tened me n nnd women still think of co -operation
bra nch es a l o the r points in J ohnson Co unty.
as a middle-class and shop -keeping movement ; a penny-saving device.
Their qiv idc nds som e times reached 2 5 percen t o n purchases each quarBut th e fac t that co-op e ration is really d emoc rati c and · open to a ll does
not detrac t from it s working-class charac ter. for it is indeed only availte r, although some of the old timers asse rt tha t these la rge fi gures were
able to those who can conceive and pract ice a democra tic form of asreached by ;padding' th e invent ory. · Ouring~ll this lime th e ma n who
socia ti o n- And th is. by its nature, le nds lo exclud e - the commercial. The
star ted a• th e cl erk in th e lilli e grocery d eveloped the business and g rew
necessi ty which dr ives to the conception of a co-operative, the zeal and
·· with it, organi zing his forces in such a way tha t he was the brains and
sac rif1 ce necessary · to ma·intain O~e. -are products of a working dassdirec ting powe r- A lthough no min a lly unde r th e direction of a board ·of
Ch eves We ~! Perky_
directors. th e success of th e busi ness d epended u po n th e ex tent lo which
the di rec tors fail~cl lo direc t.
-o-Then ·the inevitable came. 1l1e "~t rong man"' resigned because of fri c tio n a nd the ship w os left without a h elmsman who kn ew the course o r
th e c ra ft. • Membe rship o n the board began lo be looked upon as a
method of {!C!Iing jobs fo r friend s or_ punishin g enemies. No individua l
was de veloped wh o co uld ri se abo ve this chaos and . bring order a nd
The radical press of America, between now and july, 1918,
harm ony . Only th e immed ia te prospec t of disas ter brought hom e lo a ll
will be engaged in a fi ght for its life. A bill has recently
by the cessa tio n of in teres t and d iv.i dends and th e realizat ion of a la rge
defi c it. finally brought busi ness judgment and conservative man agement
been passed by Congress increasing the second-class mailing
again to th e forefront.
ra tes of all periodicals from SO % to 900 % , the law to go
These conditions we re th e resu lt of a failu re to approxima te the cointo effect on July I st 1918.
operative ideals of dem"ocratic ma nagement and control. The greatest
Unless th is law is repealed, the gag will have been effectivefac tor in the failure was the res tric tio n of membership. only members of
ly placed on the throat of the Socialist and Labor press of
the Grange being permitted in the co-operati ve organization. The Grange
decayed a nd the remains o f the organizat ion formed a group mostly of
the United States. YOU must help us 6ght this. Write to
retired farmers who looked upon th eir holding in the co-operative as a n
your congressma n TODAY and urge him to vote for the reinvestment, and never gol ove r the ideals of profit-ma king.
Another
peal of this law.
factor was the policy of branch s lo rces which w ere no t run by those
Read the splendid article by Walter Pritchard Eaton in this
who patronized ihcm, but fro m the central office. But the g rea t factor,
issue of the WESTERN COMRADE, on page 28.
which made a ll these other th ings possible, was the fact tha t the mental
atti tude of these co-operators never go l beyond the idea tha t this was
READ IT AND ACT AT ONCE!
a joint-•tock company from which they were going to make a goodly
Write us at once and let us tell you what to do to make
profit by buying and selling from iheir neighbors. This point of view has
your protest against this law effective.
never been entirely eliminated .
After all, cll co-operative enterprise is just another form of capitalisrr.
T h e L I a n o _P u b I i c a t i o n s
unless it is consciou•ly directed toward th'! elimination of exploitation of
T
To Our Readers!
,____......__
m_an
. ...,b...y....•••·--'- R. BROWilffi
~
1
,
Stables, Louisiana
�The
Western
Comrade
Page thiry-three
Books and Reading
By D. Bobspa
Speaking of Magazines
missing, and I really did feel some\~har behind the times. So I askd.
Comrade Margaret Anderson , whose charming personality we all know so
well, to let me paso the word to my readers just what her magazine contains. I find it is "the magazine that is read by those who write tile
others." Well, ".that's . me' ~ as Bob says. The cover of the November
Are you reading The- Public these days? It isn't as revolutionary as
some of us · would like, but its editorials on the govc nment 's handling of
the I. W. W. situation, under the caption "Playing with Dynamite," its
comments on the arrest of Max Eastman and other comrades of The Masses
edition contains the remains of one or two (numbers uncertain) tigers
and similar comment occasionally on public · questions make it worth
(presumably) who looked as though struck ~y a 42 centimeter gul\, · The
keeping in touch with.
remains have fallen ha[lhazard upop the page. But, oh Margaret I What
The December Nautilus com.es with cheerful message as usual. from · do those illustrations mean inside ?-1 mean the illustrations insid~but
Elizabeth TownC--this time SO!Ile commen ts giving a new twis t to the idea · perhaps it doesn't matter how I ask it. What's it all about? Will Don
of gossips. There is much practical material on New Thought apprication.
Marquis trot o ut Hermione to interpret its secret meaning? just whar
I'll reserve my space for this little original poem from Comrade Edwin
do.cs one have to take--liquid or pipe-- to see such a "Starry Sky" ••
Markham in the December number:
Windham Lew:s has drawn? Methinks most any word in the dictionary
would have done as well. In my younger days-well, no usc making this
"Believe, 0 Friend!
confession too pe(sOnal- but I have seen queer things in iny days •nd
Impossible you say that man survives
"two moons rose where there sho,!lld be but one." But in all my rounds
The grave--that there are other lives ?
as a newspaper man in Cincinnati and Terre Haute and other cities still in
More strange; 0 friend, that we shou ld ever nse
the wei column I never, never saw a sky like that. Th sorrowful lady
Ou t of the d.ark to walk below the skies.
of Marie Laurencin is perhaps the nearest approach to, a picture. We used.
Once having risen into life and light,
to have a game in school days of dabbing _n pcnful of ink onto paper,
We need not w·onder at our deathless flight.
foldin~ it into many . forms and then looking to Je• what we produced.
Wonderful- it was the future art, and I wasted .it all! Max Weber must
"Life is the unbelievable; but now
have been feeling most awful bad when he designed that- - ? Som<
'That this Incredible has taught us how,
little Chinese poems fo und favor with me: Lady Gregory in "Hanrahan's
WG can believe the all-imagining Power
Oath" shows just how tiresome and tediouo a one-act play can be made.
That breathed the Cosmos for th as a golden flower.
Now, that's enou~h. If Miss Anderson will forgi ve my feeble grasp of
Had potence in his breath
!he new esoteric art and let me in on future iosues of The Little Review,
To plan us new surprises beyond deathI'll let you know of my progress.
New spaces and new goals
......._..,_
For the adVen ture of ascending souls.
"Be brave, 0 heart, be .brave;
It is not
s lr an~c that man survives the grave:
'Twould be a st-ranger thing ' were he destroyed
Than that he cve.r vaulted from the void."
Vol. I., No. 2, Mother Earth Bulletin begins to look like busineu. Emma
Goldman and Alexander Berkman have 'written the copy for this iiSue
{Novrmber) and are arranging for the Bulletin's regular appearance in
case they arc compelled to return to the Federal prisons. Their office is
226 Lafayette street, New, York City.
--Q--
Io it inane if I speak ·of the charming personality of Frank Harris?
l'he ch;rm of Pearson's that strikes me most of all is the personality of
the editor which shows forth on every page. Sixty years of life have
given wisdom rare degree to Mr. Harris. This month he pays his respects
to Northcliffe and comments on current events with sharp skill. A pen
picture is given of Upton Sinclair. Art and litera ture come in f!)r lib-
· Why Not Be Healthy?
"Headaches and How to Prevent Them," by W. H. Riky, nearolouist
of the Battle Creek Sanitarium, acco rding to its author, "is written for the
mu ltitude of people who have headat hea-occaaional, periodic or frequen t attacks. It shows that the best cure is to be found in correct habits
eral discussion.
of living, and that in a very large proportion of cases such a druuleu
- - o- cure is possible. Technical terms a re avoided; simple language is used
so tha t the average person can read understandingly. There is very little
The November-December combined issue of the International Socialist
Review got out all right, with a vivid picture of Russian affairs by Charles • of anatomy or physiology in these headache talks. The writer hopes that
young people in their teens will find ft leading in these pafiie• to guide
Edward Russell, "Labor U~rest in · Engl1fhd," and commeals on the
them in the way of such wholesome liv ing th•t they may esc•pe the head- .
L W. W. indictmen ts.
ache bane, and he knows that ~y following the suggestions in this little
--0-. Physical Culture for December con tains an account of a new pain · book many sufferers will be al;>le · to overcome their ch'ronic headache
d.istress. " ..
cure that ,. worth trymg-the remembenng of black. Get _the magazine
The chap ter headings will give •n idea of the ·scope of the book:
and read Dr. , William H. Bates' article "/\ New !=urc for Pain." Milo
Pain in General; Prcveptable Headache; Some Reasons Why Women HaYe
Hastings contributes a valuable and hu morous article on "The ExtravaHeadache; Sick Headache; /\nemic and Neuralgic Headache; Emotion
gance of Meat." He says the grain fed to cattle and li ve-s tock is a
Headache ; The Headache of Monotony; What to Eat; Diet List •nd Heiuht
poor investment, as the same amount of grain would feed far more people
and Weight Tables; Hydrotheraphy; the Water Cure for Headache; Gel)than the meal produced by its usc. \-le also pays his respects to cer tain
eral Rules for Health. Dr. Riley concludes: "The writer feels sure from
types who play the society game of conservation: "Such is the history
his yea rs of experience in dealing with all kinds of head•che sufferers, that
of human stupidity-a society lady knits a sock for a soldier and spends
at leas t ftve-sixths of the'=ases are preventable and cur•ble by following
three dayo doing it, meanwhile having a cook, a . maid and a chauffeur
the diet, and the rules of hygienic living and treatment briefly' outlined
to wait upon her. . . . The vanity of the rich must be flattered,
To which I add • he•rty old-fashioned Amen.
in th is little book."
oo the queen of piffiedom is officially encouraged to knit socks fctr ooldi.ers
(Good Health Publishing Co., Battle Creek, Mich.)
and raise a potato on her front lawn and keep a hen in the conservatory
~
and feed her eracker crumbs in the name of patriotism and economy."
-o--
,INSTALMENT
MEMBERS
lshwar Chandra of Oakland {formerly of Delhi. India) is keeping right
All those who have been and are instalment members, •s well •s those
ahead with his India Liberator, a monthly devoted to the interpretation of
India to America and the advocacy of India's cause before the world. A
who have been away from the Llano Colony in California will be ..ked
most worthy object. Good luck to the editor in his plucky fight to make
to come to the Llano Colony. in Louisiana.
Many have written in asking if they are members · of this . Colony and
India " safe for , Democracy." The October number was delayed and
reached us .the last of November, but Comrade Chandra expects to be
if they. may come to Louisiana. All holders of Llano stock are memben
f ~a~II~L~Ia~nP"o~~ro"!"e,r__,ti"es~._l'-''h'i'o"'s"'e,.."
"'-"h~o-'hra"'v'-'e'-7be"e"-'n'-"m"'ak~in,.._pa=m"=e-"n'-'ts'-"in.__,C"'a"'lic:.-- - - - - '
under full s~ng-sho"'''iy· lliC--$Ub=iptiOll--f>l'ice...io.t-the-p=ent-i$-what---7o!.
you can afford to give. The last number contains 4 portrait of Anna
ornia will continue to make them there for a time, but may come to
Besant and an account of her work in India.
Louisiana when they are ready to come into the Colony.
~
Although I have attended red-ink banquets in the little Italian and
F reni:h restaurants for some years, I have a confession to make.
never read a copy of The Little Review. Friends told me what I was
,
Memberohip Department:
LLANO
DEL
R~O
·coLONY
Stables, Louisiana
�The
Pa&• thirty-four
Western
Comrade
Were the Ma)onty Socialists Right?
( Continued from Page 23)
The Uano Colonist .
N 0 ( - J. G. Phelps Stokes
ship of at least a third of those persons who were members
when the war broke out. thre~ years and a half ago.
About half the' loss has been made up by vigorous preelection appeals for the support of pacifiists, but the bulk of
the remain'ing loss is a net loss ~ue, I for one am convinced,
to the pa rty's betrayal df the international cause by refusing
to aid the plundered and devasted workers of Europe in their
stupendous struggle against the Teutonic marauders. ·
Will resume publication shortly and will come out
as a six-column paper, much improved in appearfor a time.
When better facilities for handling the
work have been installed it will be resumed as a
weekly publication. It will be filled with Colony
news of interest to every radical thinker, and in addition will carry many articles of a general nature,
Socialis~ news and views, and will be a better paper
than ever before.
YES!- Adolph Germer.
a ppea r upon the scene, then capitalism will stand revealed
in all its ghastline.ss. · The political parties that stand for
capitalism will be administered their well-merited rebuke .and
the Socialist party, because of its present consistent, International, pro-human attitude will be the rallying point for the
elements that a re yearn ing fo r lasting peace and a world safe
for Democracy. The elections held this year are ample· evidence of such development.
It is interesting to note that not all who withdrew from the
party on accou nt of the difference of opinion on the war
program. a re alike. Some were honest and when the war
hysteria has passed away, they will again be in the fold. While
I was writing this, .I' received a letter fro m one of those comrades. We had previously' exchanged several letters on the
policy of the pa rty a nd amo ng other things he writes: "It
was very thoughtful of you to ta ke so much time to put your
position clea r, and I thank you very much for your free and
full discussion of the situation. I hope that all these perplexities . will soon vanish and that we may again combine
upon the essentials of Socialism. but the time is not ripe for
tha t. a nd will not be until the wa r is over."
Here is a comrade that I believe to be wrong and who believes that we a re wrong, but who hopes that we may again ·
combine. He tells me in his letter that he is still work'ing for
the cause and nowhere does he indicate that he is saying an
unkind word about the Socialist party, even though he dis- •
agrees with its policy. This spirit actuates ma ny who have
wthdrawn from the party because of an honest difference of
.. opinion and who will knock a t i·ts doors when the worker~ of
the fighting nations cease killing each other.
·
Positively no, the Socialist party is not weakened because
of its oppos'ition to wa r.
The inte~tion is to issue it every ~o weeks
ance.
WATCH FOR IT!
AB---SENT MEMBERS
I N S T A L M. E N T
WHERE
M E M B E R S
ARE
YOU?
IWe wanl lo gel the address of every instalment member and
every ab.enl member of the Llano del Rio Colony.
Many have nol kepi us informed of their whereabouts. We
have information of impor~ance for 'every instalment member.
and absent member.
Readers of this no tice arc asked lo .assist us in gelling in
to uch with these persons. We wanl to communicate with them
a l o nce.
Membership Department :
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Stables, Louisiana
'------..--------------------.l
"The Truth About
The .Medical Profession"
By John A. Bevan, M. D.
What is Anarchism?
Columbia University
(Inventor of the <Esophagoscope)
( Continued from Page 18)
Paper Bound, Postpaid
Price Fifty Cenb
The result of clinical and pathological researches
at Guy's Hospital, London, and the Bellevue Hospital, New York.
·
BENEDICT LUST, N. D., D. 0 ., D. C., M. D., writes: "'The
ha te to do, living a life they loathe to live, crime will be inevitable, and all the laws on the statutes ~an only increase,
but never abolish, crime. Wha t does society, as it exists today,
know of ·the process of despair, the poverty, the horrors, the
fearful struggle the human soul must pass on its way to crime
and degradation?
Anarchism, the grea t leaven of thought, is today permeating
every phase of human endeavor. Science, art, literature, the
dral'(la, the effort for economic betterment, in fact, every in-----4.;!1·-~- ~----a-nd-soeiah>J;~~~ to tne extstmg order 'o t things,
ts tllummed by the sp_mtual hght of anarqhism. It is the philosoph~ of the soveretgn_ty of the individual. It is the theory
?f soctal harmony. It ts the great, surging, living truth that
IS reconstructmg the world, and that will usher in the Dawn.
\
SUBSCRIBE FOR IT!
book is splendid and will help to enlighten many skeptics who
•till believe in medical superstition."
Prof. DAVID STARR JORDAN, M. D., writes: wl have
looked over the book called The Truth About the Medical
Profession.' .. The~<; are a great many things that are forceful
and lruthfullv_Jaid."
.
·
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW writes: ''There are oome qaite
interesting and important things iii the boo!.:."
LLANO PUBLICATIONS, STABLES, LOUiSIANA
I
i
�I
/
Th" . \Yest.,rn
Comrad.,
Pag"
thirty-6ve
Co-operSttive E·ducation
The Birth Control Review
. (Continued from Page 29)
such as can l{e obtained in no other 'way.. The' law-trai.1ed
man has schooled hi's mind, sharpened his wits, developed his
reasonit1g faculties; he has acquired an understanding of life
as it is.
All social organization is based on law of. some kjnd; and
the man who understands ):he law upon which any system of
society is b1as;~i~)>ettel'fitted than anyone else can possibly
be to succee<rillffier that system. Moreover, if all social organ ization is based on law, then the best trammg for_ those
who wish to bring about a better system is a kn~l\vledge of the
law as it is, and a knowledge of the · law as it ought to be.
It is the purpose of The P eople's College to meet both of these
demands-to give the law as it is, to help the student see for
himself what the law ought to be.
In addition . to English and the law, we have e~co:;llent
courses in bookkeeping, arithmetic, public speaking and short•
hand.
The charter of The People's Coliege has been granted under
the very liberal laws of the State of Kansas, and. under that
charter no profit can be made by any individual. Any surplu s
that may accumulate after paying the actual expense of operation, must be used in extending the work of the school. ·
This is. indeed, a people's college. It must be supported by
the people·. No millions will pour in to its treasury from the
exploiters of labor. The more student s we enro ll, the cheaper
we can render service . To date, we have enrolled more than
four thousand students, and in some of our courses we arc
already able to render serv ice '" one-half to one-fourth the
cost of similar service in a capitalist correspondence sc hool.
A Monthly Magazine :Edited by Margaret Sang~r
Subscriptions $1.50 a year, single copies 15 cents. Special rates
for bundle orders of ten and over.
,If possible, remit by money order, check or registered mail to
M~rgaret
Sanger; 104 Fifth Avenue, New York City
I
What Every Mother
Should Know
By
Margaret · Sanger
A book wri tten e'pecially for mothers who desire to tell
their children the truth about \>irth.
It is told in plai1~. clea n lan guage for moth ers who have
f_,w words but high ideals. Children who are told the truth
early in life by the mother grow into manhood and womanhood
\vith clear und e rstandin g of what ma turity means.
Cloth SOc- Paper 2Sc
Please' remit by postal or money order or registered i ett er to
MAHGfRET H. SANGER 104 Fifth Avenue, New York City.
Stifling Radicalism
What Every Girl
Should Know
(Continued from Page 28)
- · - ·- - --· going to forbid the professor of philosophy in California from
knowing what the professor of philosophy in H<:trvard is thinking, as expressed in s'ome philosophical magazine? Are we
going to prevent the docto[ in" far off Arizo na . miles from
cities and clinics, from learning in his medical magazine of
a new treatment for some dread di sease ? Are we going to
say to· th e electrical expert in Montana: "You sha ll not read
in your magazine of the new method of tra nsmission used in
Virginia"? Are we going to d enationalize ou r press, and in
the process smash a ll this _great periodical lit erature we have
erected, ' and stop the intercha nge of ideas and storie s i\nd
pictures through the land? Talk abo u t Belgium! If th! s isn't
lay ing low somethin~ fine and preciou s in the name of "military necessity" thCFre neVer wa s such a thin g '
Well, it can be prevented, It ca n be prevented by the repeal of the law. And th at is up to you , dear comrades . YQu
h ~1e got to write- and write at once- to your con gres smail
p your senator (though the Senate agreed to the measure
only under compulsion)_ You have got to d emand as a voter
its repeal, on the grounds that the law is mistaken eco·nomy,
~ mtsuse of the postoffice function s, an d above all a gre at
and disastrous blow at national thought and expression, a blow
at the spread of culture and good taste and good lit era ture ,
and, above all, of American, as opposed to narrow, sectional
ways ·of thought. (That last will sound fine and he won I
know what you really men a!)
----ooN'lDEtA"Y!W'~
r.~te_n.:__o_
w_t"o',day.. Tlie_time is shorf.
Write as if you meant it, and get all your friends to wr.ite.
The law must .be repealed if you want to save your magazme.
-----:---:---:--:·
By
Mar g aret
Sanger
A book which eve ry gi rl ovn fifteen years of age shou ld
have.
lt is wr itt en in pl ain, simple l a n ~ua~e to the working . Rirl
ahout h ·t Lady ~nd th e phys io logy of he r sex function s .
Cloth SOc- Paper 2Sc
Remit. if pussib!e, hy ch r cl·. p c !- li'. l or r.~oncy c :der or .regis-.
te rcd rr. :~ i l · to
MARC .l~ E I H. SANGER 104 Fif th :\ \'en:1e.
i•!,.,., York City . .
11
·
[
I
Printers V/ anted
The PRI NT Sl-iOP of the LLAND DEL RIO COLONY can use
a PHESS ~.1AN: a LI NOTYPE OPERATOR. and a FLOOR
MAN for ads and m<>ke -up.
'The increase in size of the WF.STEHN COMRADE is to
be followed by an increase in size of the LLANO COLONIST.
This will necessitate a n · increa.scJ wo rkino f.-.rcc
PRINTEI{S are in >i tcd to correspond with the WESTERN '
COMRADE. Stables. La.
�J
'·
Paae thirty-aix
The
· The Principles. of Money
(Continued from Page 25)
We a tern.
'
-
'
a medium but a be.sis for mediums. That is, it isn't money at
Your house and lot, city lots, farm, etc.? The Llano
aU but · a 'basis for money. Then why call that money which
del
Rio Company of Nevada is just establishing a .
isn\ money? Why not be honest and call it what it is, . the
REAL ESTATE BUREAU: It will put you in touch
basis upon which money is issued? · Why befog our own '!lmds
and the minds of. others by the use of false terms whose only
with those who want to buy or exchange. · All over
'effect is to bewilder and lead astray? They have a very good
the country there are people who are looki~g for
reason as ve ry many of us know. But let that pass. Let us
property and they may buy
take th~ir admission that their metal medium is not doing its
work because it is serving as a basis for these other mediums ,
and as!.: them why these other mediums are used at all. The
usual answer is, because of their convenience. But that is a
strange co nvenience which, if stricken from commercial use,
would destroy the trade of the world. If these conveniences,
Write to the Real Estate Bureau for more detailed
the ~e real mediums of exchange we re denied to commerce,
information of thi~ plan. Even though you have
civilization wo~ld stagger back into barbarism, traffic into an"
your property in the hands of a real estate agent, we
cient barter, and industry dwindle to the necessities of savage
may be able to secure you a purchaser at little cost
life. The metal· man will admit that modern trade could
a nd with little delay. We .will be able to reach far
not be conducted without them. He will admit that there ·is
not enough of his precious metals in all the world to effect
more prospective purchasers than most local real esone-hundredth part of the excha nges that our times require.
tate men. Write today for details of this new plan.
He wiB be driven to aclmit that these more convenient mediums
are used from necessity. But he will say, that while there is
Address: Real Estate Bureau,
not enou~h of his metals to affect all exchanges, there is
Llano del Rio Company of Nevada
enough tob form a basis for these mediums to act in its place.
But why take his metals for a basis for these mediums? BeStables, Loui siana
cause of their intrinsic va!l.(e, he will answer. And in that
answer lies the triumph of true money. Intrinsic value mu>t
be the basis upon wh ich mediums of exchange rest. Not the
intrinsic Talue of one significant commodity only, but the in"Somethi.ng for nothin g is the curse o f the age."-j ob Harriman
triRsic value of ail things that possess value should be the basis
upon which mediums of exchange are issued, and the governmeR! should be the organ through which such issue is effected.
discusses the Source of the Power to gel somethin g for nothing,
But the metal man says, the intrinsic value upon which
and shows ho w to destroy that power. It will intere• t yuu
money is based · should be a stable value, and that his metals,
whether you agree o r not.
alone of all the valuable things in the world, ppssess this esWeekly, $1 a year; $1.50 to foreign coun tries. S;,mple on
sential quality of stability. There used to be people silly
request. Edited and published by W. E: Brokaw, Longbr J uch,
e·nough to believe · that claim. They saw values apparently
Washington .
contracting and expanding as measured by these standard,
stable metals, and for a long time they believed that this
apparent contraction and expansion of other values was real, and the civili<.ed world is rapidly awakening to the fact' th at
and that the values of the metal measures were Ul'lchanging
they are ri ght. The ·metal basis men, however, still insist that
and stable. But finally someone discovered that metal meas- there must be a standard of value, something by which values
ures were expa ndin g and contracting, and that practically it ·can be measured with each other as well as represented it1was the th ings measured that, with reference to each other .at dividually, and that such standard, such measure. must have
' least, were the stable values. The ancients believed that the value in itself, for only va lue can 1)1easure val ue. That is true.
Utl iverse revolved abo ut this little earth. They believed that The value basis men make
strong point of that in their
everythinv. else was in motion, but th~t the earth was the system. They insis t, li ke the metal men, that there must be a
only fixed, stable thing in all creation. Gallileo's announce- standil rd , a measure, in the tcnps of which all money mediums
ment that they had missed the fixed, stable, central point of must be expressed. Rut they assert that it must possess four
their solar s.vstem by ninety-three millions of miles, tha t it es5cnt ials, of which the metals h.ave only one. They assert
was the ea rth that was moving a nd not the sun , was such first. that til£ sta ndard of value, the measure of va lue, must
a shock to them that they made him take it back. The metal it self possess value; second , that value must be the most
basis advocates have been as rudely di sturbed by the a n- st ;~ Lle and 1,1nva ryin g possible; third, it must be practically
nouncement of the Gallileos of finance that it is the metals free from the co ntrol, manipulation or cornering by individuals
that are revolving about the value, and not value about the or combinat ion s of individuals; and fourth, it must be univermetals; that practically these metals have been contracting sally recognized ~s having the three foregoing qualities. In
and expanding to a far greater extent than the things meas- other words, they assert that the standard of value must be
ured, and that they have missed the distance from the stable that value which enters essentially into all values. It must be .
center ~f the monetary system as far as the ancients missed that l.ue...which-in-the-naiure-of-thi1rgs, operates m fixmg and
the stab 11 oen.teLoL-t.he- sela-r-system·;--:rml-rne--Yii'lue::Dasts and . establishing ' all values. . In short, the standard of value
discoTerers were treated with about as much tolerance by the must be a natural standard, and ethically there is but one
metal meri as Gallileo was by the Ptolemaic wise men in natural standard, and that is labor, the cost of production;
authority over 'him. But the value basis men are getting so and by cost of production is meant the labor value required
numerous now that they are ~:~ated with considerable respe"t, to produce a thing.
The Equitist
..,
\
Do You·want To Sell
Your Real Estate
,.
.
Comrade
--"'---
a
',,
�Tile
Co~rade
Wester·ii
Comment
Page . thirl}'-leYell
and
'
Criticism
{Continued from Page
"Shall J. P. Morgan
Own The Earth?"
24)
there be one, he lost control of both characters and action
the moment the play began. The forces invol ved are too
numerous and varied, and the field of action is too vast, to
permit of any inclusive direction By any one element. The
thing is too full of inconsistencies and contradictions to make
any really satisf11ctory concl~sion possible. 1 No matter ·what
the end may be·, the vital problems will not be solved until
quiet has been resto red ; and we are a ble to thin k calmly once
again. It is, therefore, to be hoped that most :people will not
be guided b y Mr. Chesterton , who apparently i~ willing that
the play be allowed to drag on through one bloody act after
another merely in order that the curtain may fall on the dead
bqdy of the villain in true melodramatic fashion.
- a booklet which PROVES, by pho iographed extracts from an
U. S. Government Report, that the Morgan wealth and ·
power .are ." twen ty tiincs greater than realiicd. How Morgan .
(after the war) can manip..late a "panic" ; then buy cheaply
control of all vital industries; dispossess YOU of wealth; reduce MILLIONS to abject slavery. How he keeps1 knowledge of
this power suppressed ; how newspapers arc controlled; governments and legislatures co rrupted. Price 50 cents- and your
money back if not satisfied that the information given is well (
~ flicial
wo rth the price.
· Agents wanted.
,..·
DesCriptive circular. tes timonials, etc. , free .
Address:
.
JACK PANSY, Publisher, P.O. Box LC-307, G-rand Rapids, Mich.
M
Louisiana-ing un-de Luxe
(Continued from Page
/
17)
be far off and consid e rably a bove most of us.
Mountains conti n ued to be the d omin ant feat ure of the
scenery. Dry vall eys of sage and y uccas fill ed the mind with
. loneliness. The silence of t hese a lt itudes actua lly roa rs and
a ll one's working o rga ns, provid ed they work as good cooperativ e organs ou ght , sound loud , a nd if one is a close obse rve r, mi ght become a good diagnost icia n. At least, here's
a chance to follow the ancien t p recept "Know Thyself." H owever·, as the sage ad vice adorns so many pate nt medicine a d s,
the adage seems incongruou s in solitudes wh ere the hea rt reminds one of a· pumpin g sta tion in a grea t vall ey.
Ridin g hour a fter hou r with practically no cha nge in th e
scenery, g reat opportunities are afforded th e occu pants of a
car to lapse into their t rue se lves. After the fir st six hours
of close. a ssoci a tio n , about everythin g each knows has been
told. All the ge nt eel a necdot es have been hashed up. a nd rehashed aga in , a nd th e bars are le t dow n for ' the savage, unpolished man to get in his dirt.
(To be continued nex t month)
Llano
In
Louisiana
( Continued from P age 8)
The
I i1 t e r n a i i o n a I
L a n g u a g&
~speranto
simplifies the language problems, opens up a new world of li te ra tu re, ~ivcs one a much bl!lte r · und crstanJin g of his mo therl on ~ u e . enables him to correspond wi th people all over the wo rld.
and all this at a compara ti vely small outlay of time or mon,ey.
Send. for a FREE sample copy of AMER IKA ESPERANTISTO,
the official organ of the Esperanto Association of North America.
and receive also a ca t ~ l og of Books. cti:., and full informa tion
on how to learn th is wonderful language.
Plc,;se mention the Llano Publications.
· • ~ ...
THE AMERICAN ESPERANTIST CO., INC.
Watert own. Waltham and Washington Streets
WEST NEWTON STATION, BOSTON. M.LI.SS. •
. '
Free Press
and
Free Speech
Number of that new live-wire propaga oda weekly
a lon g sli ghlly differen t lines th a n were at one ti me a nticiJ)a ted.
_ Because of conditions, it ha s bee n deemed best to concent rate
on the fru it indu st ry the re . A sufficien t number of coloni sts
will reside in LJano . to d evelop th e · fru it. Th ey will pl a nt
trees, cultivate, irri gate. Th ey wiil have th eir commun ity lif e
is the greatest piece of l:bcrta ri nn lit eratu re . ever puhlishcd. It
and will carry on the work there ·a nd continue th e ~ork made
><illines an Ol igir.a l campai~n agains t postal censo rship and for
possible by the colonists who are now tran sfer ing to Loui sia na .
prcscrvati•m nf the rer,,n:.mt of o<1 r radical press and :he. res·
The re will he fewer pe rsons in Ll a no, California. a nd the
tora t:om of that part which off1cial despotism .has des troyed.
work will be less complicated. Smaller communities d emand
Many of th e mos t powerful publicists in the country write
for TilE Pi\LADIN. ~ic h is eJi:d by Walter Hurt. fo~mcr ·
less administra tive machinery. The population there will not
vary much in numbers. In Louisia na the popul a tio n wil be ineditor of 'The Call" and published by Phil Wagner. pubhsher
Jf "Social Revo lution."
'• ·
·
creasing rapi dl y, and t h e a d ministrative machin ery mu st be
d
Every friend of freedom should aid this weal drive for em. con stantly adjusted to meet thi s g rowth.
ocracy by orderin g a bundle of this special edition of THE
C:onsidered from every angle, the Llano del Rio Colony in
PALADIN for distribution.
Louisian? is a!l ipspiring !!~terprise, and those who a re h_e re
PALADIN Bundle R a tes:
_ _ _ _.,s_coJonlS~~~.e...th~nthustasm~hat-~mt!-s-f-ra~eeeFnJ')J..sh- ---z5~3Uc; 50 copies. 5Uc;--T00 copies, 80c;
ment. Vtsttors - catch the contagton of enthustasm because
200 copies. $ 1.50; 500 copies, $3.50; 1000 copies, $6.
· they, too, see into the future along tthe lines of the · material
· wealth held by the Colony. It requires but little imagin a tion
PALADIN PUBLISHING COMPANY
. to see. what the Colony can be made here with the ma gnficent
705 Marke t Street. St. Louis, Mo.
resources that a generous Nature has bequeathed to this region.
I
�,
, Pag; thirty-eight
The ~
We·stern
Spiri.tism and So-c ial ism
(Continued from Page 9)
are encouraging a.s a beginning.
But this is not the entire message of The New World. 1·
hold that, in science, belief does not count, but only the
touching of power; that therefore all the experiences that
Ehristians and others have had in the; way of great demonstrations and periods of ecstiiCY are open to everybody,
regardless of belief, just so soon as we touch the right wires .
This is a new wo rld of personal experience that I see ready
to open to all mankind . It is time that the world ceased to
be poor in spirit a nd ·that ali should "know him, from the least
to the· greatest," according to the promise.
But whC~. t has this to do with socialization? If there be
another world, more populous than this, it is impossible to
socialize things so as to bring justice to a ll , without considering that world. Government or public ownership means
man ownership and excludes all anima ls, therefore ·means oppression for most creatures. If there be a spi rit world, it excludes~ that also. Be.cause of its great population, because of
its intu ition, because spirit is presum ably a higher type of li fe
th an the purely hum an, jesus was probably right in talkin g of
the kin gdom of Heav en, or domin a tion of the spiritual. as
the real solution of the probl em.
My mission, therefore, looks to a new spiritism and a new
socialism, predicated, not on beliefs or controversy or agitation, but on experience and demonstration and actual power.
It will mean more for humanity than anyt hi ng tha t has ever
been · su gg es t ~~ - It will mean a universal reli gion and rational
scientif; ~ teadju stment of things, coming in a perfectly natural
-way. I am goin g to original sourcees for power, just as all
vital movements have don e- to God himself. to the spirit
world and to nall,tral forc es- rather than to. books, rit es, beliefs or institutions.
I
BUY A SAMPLE AT YOUR NEWSSTAND
ISSUES & EVENTS
THE
AMERICAN LIBERAL
REVIEW
"An Antidote for the NorthcliJfe Press"
Published and Suppressed
Speeches- Data-Ar ticl es and Events
National Non-Resistance?
Editor:
(Continued from Page 19)
Frederick Franklin Schrader
capital, and a foreign riation forcing u ~ to accept its loans
would be .obliged to apply them to uses very near p. minimum
profit. Our laborers 'are habituated to the highest of wages,
made necessary by the cost of living and enforced by powe rful unions. Our railroads are already complaining of . minus
net incomes, a nd our natural resources · have long been in the
hands ' of p~ivate exploiters who are developin g them just as
rapidly as profit can thereby accrue. The possession of our
country by another, except perhaps for temporary purposes
connected with the presen t war, would be little more va luable
than the possession of a bank-bqok by an African head-hunter.
I~ is indeed true that conquest is not only na tional di saster to be conceived. Men light upon the plea of preserving
property, honor, prestige, colonies, and a dozen other objects.
Mflny nations are invadin g others today, not from any conscions desire for ·robbery, but from fear of thei r neighbor. In
view of these things, can a nation afford to be non-resistant?
Our word limit is passed; and we ca n only say: If we face the
facts coolly, studying each possible disaster without panic and
without sentimentality, the answer is, Yes!'
A ss o c i a t e
Edit o r:
Tobias Butler
Send fo r . a Tri al Subscri ption
Only with this advertisement
$ · .50 for three months
$ 1.00 for •ix monhs
$ 2.00 for one year
25 WEST BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY
~Price $1.00
: -
Thirty days free trial
COMRADES. send us $1.00 for this razor. use it thirty days,
then if you don't believe it to be the equal of any $2.00 razo r
on the market return it and -we will exchange it for a new
_
one or refuml yo ur money as you desire. Furnished with
0 __
A boy reaches far across the table and helps himself to butter.
plain black handle, either round o r square point. extra hollow
Father: "What dtd you do that fo r ? Haven't you any tongue)"
ground,. Ys-inch blade: Price •. $1.00 each or six fo r $5 .00,
Boy: "Yes, sir, but m ~u e isn't as Jong_i!s_JJiy_ ;um._" _ _ _ _ _ _ ~s l patd.: If convemenl, remtl by P. 0. or Express money
o r<ler:-7\<ldress
----o--
EXPLAlNED
.
Marne: "I was a t a spiri tualist meeting the other night and what do
you · thmk , a ghost ' kissed me."
· Percy: "One of those familiar spirits, i suppose."-The Passi ng Show.
\
RED FLAG RAZOR COMPANY
.
PARAGOULD, ARKA~SAS
IF OUR RAZORS DON'T . MAKE GOOD, WE WILL
• f
. ·--.,
�r
The
Western
Comrade
Page thirty--nine
A Word With Our Readers
When the ~ove was made from Llano. California, to Stables, Louisiana,
it meant that there would be a considerable delay. Every effort has been
made to shorten that delay as much as possible, and it is to the credit
of our readers that there has been no, complaint.
.
/ .
Now the Publicati<;>ns are established in · a commodious buildi~iving
much more space than was the case at Llano, and with the offices
adjoining. As rapidly as possible the scattered crew is getting together.
Attention is directed to the. increased size of the WESTERN COMRADE.
This is the first of a number of changes which are to be made preparatory to launching the WESTERN COMRADE in the . national field.
In this number, as in several numbers immediately preceding it, the
quality has been much improved. New wriiers are contributing articles of
high value. An aggressive campaign for readers is being started with
this issue, and agents are being canvassed for.
Commencing with the May number, the subscription is to be raised to
One Dollar. It is the plan now outlined to have the price remain at that
point, and to . give more than has ever been given for that price in
any magazine. The expansion from 32 pages to 40 pages is to be followed by other increases in size, according to the present plan.
Readers are invited to compare the COMRADE with any other Socialist publication now being printed. The thought-compelling editorials,
the other splendid articles on a number of topics, and the monthly · contributions on "Co-operation in Action'' appeal to constructive Socialists,
and it is one of the ideals of the WESTERN COMRADE to be an instrument . for teaching the sort of Socialism that builds.
In aq early issue we expec t to announce another change that will be
of intf"rest to our readers.
Th< LLANO COLONIST, suspended during the time of the move, is to
be il•sumed at once as a twice-a-month publication. It is to be enlarged
in size to 6 columns, and the make-up changed . Another important
onange will be announced later concerning the COLONIST and in a short
time it will undoubtedly once more be issued as• a weekly paper.
The quality of the material is to be improved. News of interest to
Socialists and co-operator~ will be given greater prominence.
News
wncerning the Colony will · not be shoved into the background, but
will be given definite space, for the COLON IST is another instrument of
Constructive Socialism, and "Co-ope ra tion in Action" is one of the most
active and promising phases.
It is not the intention to make any changes in the subscription rates.
Thooe who wish to become agents for the Publications are asked to correspond with the Circulation Department. A very liberal new offer is
announced on the back page this issue that should interest . every Socialist.
The field of Socialist Publication is much changed in the last year. In
the field, made barren by the suspension or suppression of many papers,
the Llano Publications have a distinct mission, and readers of the clear,
far-seeing editorials are given a clearer vision of the things to be than
can be gleaned from almost any other newspape" or magazines.
~
.
LLANO PUBLICATIQ!'§. Stables, Louisiana .
-o--
Regeneration
D
URING lhese momentous da:ys, THE
PUBLIC is rendering its readers a
supremely valuable .service. It is furnishing them the .material for forming intelligent opinions concerning vital political,
social and economic problems. No other
weekly publi~ation presents the point of
view of constructive radicalism so convincingly. Men like Frank P. Walsh, Roy Stannard Baker, Lincoln Steffens, William Marion Reedy, and Rabbi Stephen Wise read
THE PtJBLIC because it presents and interprets facts fairly, courageously, and even
now and then brilliantly.
Brand Whitlock, United States Minister
to Belgium.'writes: •
In the midst of all the horrors of the world
THE PUBLIC is the one thing I know of-asicfe
from one's own conscience and the democratic
principle down deep in our heart- by which
to correct one"s reckoning. It is a compass
never sensational, always calm and pointing in
the same direction.
THE PUBLIC costs only $2 a year-52
ssues. For a trifling cost it gives its readers
from week to week, a vital hold upon the
significant events; a broader, firmer grasp .
of.·developments in the great field of politics
and economics.
-- ·· ·· ·· ·· ······· · · · · ·· · ··· · · · ·········-·-·-···· · ······· · - ·· ·-·-·· · ··· · · ···· ·· · ····-·· ·· · ·: ······· · · ··· -~ - -
THE PUBLIC PUBLISHING CO .•
122 East 37th Street, New York City.
{Continued from Page 31)
l~arn to . govern forces more and mankind less.
.•
AM agaz1ne
For the Lib.e rals
Humanity
will not forever be tied to a soulless machine.
There is no room left for the black face of pesstmtsm
against the scarlet horizon of the dawn of liberty. This war is
the judgment of capitalism and will result in the resurrection
of liberty. The God of Hope is alive in the world, though
it be darkiless before the dawn. Light shall soon break and it
will t!len be Morning! Out of universal chaos will be born
. - ....-Harmony and mankind will be regenerated through its present
trial of pain! Our enforced economic transformation will
give rise to new ideals that will bring to the most perfect
Hower, the Soul of Man.
Enclosed .please find $.................... for ................... .
years subscription to THE PUBLIC.
Name
Address
............................................................................ ..
......................................................................... .
Published week ly. Subscription Rates-One year,
$2; Six Months, $1 ; Three Months, SOc.
Have You Seen Henry M. Tichenor's Monthly
---~~-~~--------'--lr---Pro-Humanity?
December 3rd, 1917.
Llano del Rio Colony,
Dear Comrades: I feel so enthusiastic over the Louisiana Purchase
th~t I have decided to pay my instalment payments much sooner than
I had expected,
Therefore, I am enclosing check for the amount of $400 for which
credit to my stock.
JOHN W. LINN, Maryland.
Fraternally yours,
If not, don't miss sending for a sample copy.
Subscription, 50 cents a year.
PRO-HUMANITY, 940 Chouteau Ave., St. Louis, Mo.
�Ear,n Your ·way
In
H
OW MUCH, really, do you wish to become a resident of the Llano del Rio Co-operative
Colony?
- We have had many letters from those . who have asked us for some way by which
they might become residents. Good, sincere people, they are, with the earnest desire to cooperate.
At last the LLANO PUBLICATIONS have worked out a plan by which pers~stent workers
may -earn their way into the Colony.
It will require wptk, but only workers are wanted in the Colony, anyway.
Not ·a Contest
This is not a contest m which
only one person wins. It is an opportunity to, win by work, and all
who do what is required may come
in and become members.
Here is your opportunity to actually live the things you have
dreamed of. The Llano del Rio
Co-operative Colony with its more
than 16,000 acres of land in the .
Highlands of Western Louisiana is
going to practice the principles of
Socialism. You have talked it and
voted for it. Now why not get in and do some practical work that will.open to you the opportunity to live it? .
You've talked with obstinate and pig-headed neighbors who_ remained unconvinced. Their
un progressiveness has held YOU back ~nd you have been forced to live unde r the capitalistic
conditions that tcyey imposed. Get away from it! Live with comrades, among comrades, working with th~ m to make true the dreams you ha_v e dreamed and the plans you have thought out. Da"n't wa it - till tomorrow, but .write TODAY and get the new plan. The LLANO PUBLICATIONS will hel;> you. The plan is a good one. You can win if you - work, a~d you will be
given plenty of time. You will be assisted in every way within our power.
ACT NOW! This i·s the best time to work. Send in your name and address at once. Remember, if you work you win. You are not entering a contest, but are taking a definite job and
will be shown how to go to work.
Llano Publica-tions
S t aJJ_Le s-~O-U- i sian aExtension Department.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Western Comrade, 1917-12/1918-01
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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Louisiana Number
Double Issue
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1917-12/1918-01
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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en
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v05n08-09
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40 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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Text
November 1917Price
Making Socialism a Power
---a S y m p o s i u m
EDITORIALS
By Job
DEMOCRACY
EFFICU::NCY
By Alec Watkins................................ 9
THE PROBATION SYSTEM
By H. A. Sessions........:................... 1('
REVOLlJfiON IN NORTH DAKOTA
By H. G. Teigan................................ I
Llano lnvadin. ·
Louisiana
WAS SCHMIDT GUILTY~
By Job Harriman...............................
THE STORY OF A NIGHT (Fiction)
By Mary Allen ................................. ·
THE PEOPLE'S COUNCIL
By Scott Nearing................................
THE PRINCIPLES OF MONEY
By Clinton Bancroft..........................
CURRENT PROBLEMS
By Walter Thomas Milia.. ..................
EXT
MO TH-
Uano In Louisiana
�Your Gateway
to
Llano's 16,000 Acre Plantation In the Highlands of We&.
T
HE Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony was established at Llano,
Los Angeles County, California, in May, 1914. It attracted
attention throughout the country because of the calibre of the
men who were conducting it. Hundreds joined the colony and during
the three years. hundreds of acres of orchards and alfalfa were planted,
a community garden was grown. and many industries were established,
among them being the print shop. shoe shop, laundry, cannery, warehouse, machine shop. blacksmith shops, rug works, planing mill; lime
kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, rabbitry, hog raising,
lumbering, publishing, trilnsportation, doctors' offices, wood yard,
·
works, bakery. fish hatchery, barber •hop. baths, swimming
studio, commi.sary, hotd, drafting room. post office, Montesschool, commercial classe<, library, and others as well as social
res such as the band, weekly dances. instrumental quartets. mu~ical
etc.
all were operating all of the time. but nearly ail were successThe social features of the Llano Colony at Llano were an uned success.
rom the ftrst. the intc~tion wa• to form othN colonies, exten'din~
work as rapidly as possible. The first extension has been organized.
16,000 FERTILE ACRES
nation-wide search . it was finally decided to purchase 16,in the healthful highlands of Vernon Parish in Western Louat Stables, one mile from Leesville, the parish seat of Vernon
This is about 15 miles from the Sabine river, about 40 miles
the Red river, (both navigable), forty miles from Alexandria,
miles from Shreveport, a nd about 200 miles from New Orleans.
highlands of this district arc fertile, high, well-drained, healthThere are no swamps, no malaria. no mosquitoes. no fevers more
found in other ~tales. Health reports show that this portion
ian a can compare favorably with any other section of the
States. There i• an abundance of drinkin~ water of excellent
careful investi~ation was made regardin ~ health conditions.
by the Health Department of Louisiana were studied.
of this district were interviewed. All agreed on the health this portion of the State, and those who have heard disreports from Louisiana are invited to make further and more
mvestigation before arriving at conclusion.
huge tract lies southwest of Leesville and has had most of
aber cut off. Remaining along the creeks,however, are scatlines of the long leaf variety to supply the Colony with buildaterial {or many years to come. About 1200 acres of hardtimber worth many thousands of dollars are also on the land
opportunities for the establishing of many industries. The
is, beech, magnolia. white oak, cypress, walnut, post oak,
oak, sweet gum, and hickory. The trees arc splendid ones,
this body of timber ;s not to be surpassed in quali ty.
purchase of this body of land was not made without careThe · colon;sts at Llano appointed a committee of
went to the land and carefully inspec ted it asking inquestions concerning it·. Comrade Job Harriman had already looked at tracts offered for sale in various parts of the United
States. None equalled the one purchased in Louisiana.
A TOWN CAME WITH IT
When the purchase was first contemplated, and it was finally
decided to buy the 16,000 acres near Leesville, it was found that the
lumber hamle t of Stables stood on the property. This was acquired with the land. A hotel of 18 rooms, 27 habitable houses.
100 other small houses. one shed 130x300 feet, one shed 130x200
feet, one shed BOx I 00 feet, one store 30x90, one office 40x50, eight
other sheds and structures. The lumber in these buildings. together
with other lumber on the place, amounts to about 2 mil~n feet.
Ties for a railroad extend across the land. A concrete power house
and 5 concrete drying kilns (cost to erect them, $12.000) each kiln
about 20x70 by 20 feet high are also included. Stables is on the
line of the K~nsas City Southern Railroad. Thi~ town will be
for a while, but later a more s:r:stematically laid out town will
__
._
...
This is the first question: A careful investigati
shows a good variety. These reports did not a
ca·ses of doubt, the product named has not b
list given here. Cotton, su~ar cane, and corn '
principal crops, though sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes,
particularly well and pay good returns. Pecans are nallv•
region. Oats are profitably grown. Peaches, plums, prune.,
and most berries do exceedingly well. This higher region i1
developed for figs to quite a large extent. .Vegetable. o( all
thrive and pmduce prolifically. There is no better peanut
It is not likely that citrus fruits can be produced here.
'The first task will be to prepare the land for crops, •nd it 15 tl
intention to do this at once. Cattle, sheep, and hogs can he ·~ ro"
he.re aiid it is quite likely that the livestock irdustry "ill be given
special attention.
PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT
Definite plans for the development of the new colony •rc now
worked out. Efficiency of worker. will be insisted on.
hour system, with the equal wage will be features .
will be established as rapidly as poS<ible. The colony will
be m'lde to support a population of several thousand persons
the agricultural development and the industries.
The general plan contemplated is to make heads o f departm
responsible for the work they are in charge of. with a gcr
superintendent in cha rge of the whole. Experience has shown :hat
the interests of efficiency are best served in this manner.
'The land will be ;-:.i under cultivation as rapidly as this can be
done. The h..,usmg will be the best that it is possible to pro1·:de.
and no definite statemen ts can be made except that wooden ho1·ses
will he built at first .
TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
Heinr. on the . main line of the Kansas City Southern railroad "ith
a switch o n Llano property, the matter of transportation will be a
simple one. Two navigable rivers are no t far distant. The port of
New Oalcans has s teamers to the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of be th
North and South America.
WHAT ABOUT LLANO. CALIFORNIA?
Tho California Llano Colony will be left in charge of • coa.l·
paratively few men to de velop according to a definite plan to whic h
they will work . Orchards will ·be planted and cared for and th~
property a( Llano made very valuable.
The work of transfe rrin~ most of the population as "ell ,.
the industries and the personal e ffects of the residen ts is a bag tasl:.
The sawmill. blacksmith shop. farm implements, some h~, c at~l·~
rabbits. and hogs wall be left.
.
Residents and incbstries will be tran s fe rr~d in the 'Jrder in which
they are most required. The publishing departm .. ,i will be amon l
the first nao1·ecl.
FOR MORE INFORMAT 10N
More detailed information is given in the "Gateway to Freedom"
which outlines the icl~a of co-operative coloniza tion. the reason• fc..t
it, and wha t i< hor,cd may be achieved, together with the method·
to be used. The folder "Llano's Plantation in the Highlands of
Louisiana .. goes into more detail concerning the new 16.000 acrr
tract.
The new colony m Loui,iana can support a population of perhaps
several thousand persons. It offers wonderful opportunitieo to all
who join. You are inviteJ to write .to the Membership Department
for full information abc ut ar.) point not made clear. a nd answera tc
questicons you ask. Adclre<s
Membership Departme nt
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. STABLES, LOUISIANA
�Poli t ical
Actioa
Co-opera Iron
Socialism
The Western
"The Most Co'!slructive Magazine For Socialism in America."
Devoted to the Cause of the Workers
Entered as second-flass matter November 4th, 1916, at the post office at l..lano, California, un·
JOB HARRIMAN
.
.
11179.
PUBLISHED FACH MOrmt AT ll.ANO. CALIFORNIA.
ALANSON SESSIONS . . Associate Edi't or .·
Managing ~ditor
Subscription Rate-7Sc a year; C;m'!da $1. Single Copies IOc; clubS of 4 or moro (in W. S.) SOc. Combination with ll.ANO COLONIST $1.
Publishers and others ·are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COI\1RADE, but are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so alated.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing cl_epartment may be certain that the right name is being changed.
Please do not send subscriptions, changes of address. complaints, etc., to individuals. Address ALL communications to the Llano Publications, Llano, Calif. This paper will not assume responsiBility unless this rule is followed.
The Western Comrade neither approves nor disapproves the sen limen Is expressed in contributions not signed by one of its editorial staff.
-~ -==
LLANO. CALIFORNIA. NOVEMBER.
VOL. Y.
Editorials
A
RSENE is the last message from hell. It is a gas with
a n arsenic base. Science knows nothing that will ~ou~
.&. teract its deadly effect on the human body. Nothmg ts
known that will neutralize it in the air. A breath of it is certain
dea th. It is odo rl ess and invisible. It is heavy a nd requires a lmost a storm to carry it away. It hovers about its victim and
makes the burial of the dead impossibl; Certain death awaits
those wiw come to bury their dead! The materials of which
11 is maJe are abunda nt a nd cheap. One a ir ship can carry
~ nou gh, when com pressed into a bomb, to kill every man,
,.·oma n and child in a vil lage of four hundred.
It was first thrown by the Germans into the ranks of the
Allies. The bombs burst with such slight violence tha t the
~ oldiers of the Allies thought tha t the Germans had exhausted
the ir explosives. But in a few hours they suffered. from blindtoess, spasms and finally death .
One American magazine suggests that the combined air
f eels of -the All ies be equipped a nd that this terrible gas be
c ropped on a ll the cities and towns of the Central Powe rs.
The Central Powers have made the discovery and are probably a lready prepared for a raid.
This deadly gas is fra ught wi th the most appalling a nd farro:aching conseq uences of any war weapon ever conceived.
Woe unto the people of- the world when chemistry assumes
e .1t ire control of this wart
--<>--
1
LA 0 is now extendin g its operations into
Louisiana .
~ Lla no, California, is located in one of the fin est orchard
d stricts in the wo rld. It is high grade orchard and alfa lfa
land. But the land purchased in Louisiana far excels it for
general farming. No irriga tion and no dra inage will be necessz,ry there.
Those who have not visited all parts of Louisiana a nd a re
not familiar with its va ried climate, have an erroneous idea of
t~. e &gricultural possibilities of that state.
The highlands, where the Colony will be located, is one of
the most picturesque countries on the continent. The land is
1917.
No. 7
By Job Harriman
rolling and threaded with beautiful woods and creeks, with excellent ra nge grass for live stock extending miles in every direction.
The bottom lands are extremely rich and the rolling lands
produce large and abundant crops. ' Our tables can . be bountifully supplied · from our own ra nge, fields and gardens the first
year.
There is an abundance of hardwood timber to supply every
want of the colony for furniture, finishing and building lumber
and all domestic purposes.
The materia-ls for a veribble empire are there. Knowing
what we know of co-operation in Llano, we can say t~ the
world tha t the future of Llano in Louisiana is a guaranteed
success.
A force will be kept a t Llano, California, where the orchards
will be developed a nd the Llano property brought into bearing
and grea t value. A full description of the new Colony property
and its possibilities will be found in several numbers of the
Western Comrade.
We comm end a ca reful perusal to all who are interested in
this wonderful undertakin g.
--o--
T
H E END of the war is not · in sight. Even the beginning
of the end is not yet.
Before this war ends, the public mind must turn its back upon
the accumulation of · fortunes and move firmly for the uplift
of huma nity.
Ambition to ma ke money has led to this world disaster.
Economic power in the hands of the few makes military
power inevitable.
It matters not whether this power is in the hands of an aristocracy or a dynasty, the results must finally be the same.
When milita rism rises, it of necessity takes the same form
in every land. T he most efficient military power becomes
the standard and the pattern · for a ll other countries. Superior
efficiency compels all others to act likewise or be crushed.
There is no choice. The world is patterning after the German
�Page Four
The
methods. These and other supenor methods mil remam as
long as capitalism lasts.
Men may cry peace, peace, but as Icing as there are conflicting interests there will be hostile forces struggling to dominate.
Already we are be'ing told that the war will last yet ten
years and that men now living may not see the end.
If this is true, may the people not well ask if the present
forms of government have not utterly failed'? But all present
forms of government are capitalistic in their nature. The
surplus power arising out of all industries and commercial
transactions is held by the few and used to determine governmental policies. And th~ governmental policies of the world
have led to a world cataclysm. The abolition of conflicting
interests in domestic, national and international affairs, and the
establishment in their stead of a community of interest, is the
only salvation for the race.
War after war, cataclysm after cataclysm, will follow in
the wake of capitalism.
--o-
B
RAZIL. japan, and China have just entered the war.
As a source 'of food supplies, Brazil will be important
to the Allies.
But the entrance of japan and China is fraught with many
mJsgJvmgs.
These countries can land their troops through the Persian
Gulf on Eastern Turkish soil more cheaply than Occidental
civilization can land troops in Eastern Turkey. But Turkey
lies adjacent to the Dardanelles and the Suez Canal. There
are the highways of commerce for Asia, Africa and Europe.
What if the ambitions of japan should lead her to seek their
control? Would England surrender them?
What if she were to join Russia in her demand that the
Dardanelles, the Suez Canal. the Straight of Gibraltar, the
English Channel, the Panama Canal- that all these should be
free to the world? Would England and the United States
surrender them?
These highways are matters of world interest and will he involved in peace negotiations.
When one thinks of a conflict between Oriental and Occidental civilization, with the Eastern resources untouched.
the armies and navies of these countries fresh while the West
is worn and weary and more than half spent. it shrouds one's
soul with gloom and despondency.
--o--
N
OT ONLY the throne of Germany. but the governments
of every country ,stand perilously near a precipitate precipice · over which they may any day be thrust. following the
Czar of Russia.
Whoever has observed the operations of Germany must
know that the crown will be cast down by internal dissensions rather than by external forces.
Von Hollweg was forced out of office by the Reichstag.
Dr. Michaelis is fast following for the same reasons.
Every succeeding. ministry will follow more and more frequently until either the crown falls or a radical cabinet is
formed.
\
'
We s tern
Comrade
The same conditien exists in F ranee.
A similar condition exists in England, though it is a little .
les~ pronounced.
·
Italy is similarly afflicted and the late German victories will
aggravate conditions there.
Even our own country, according to the New Nation and
Current Opinion, is unsettled. These journals are impressed
by the fact that "the old war motivation has not been in evidence during this war;" john Dewey, of Columbia University,
advises political leaders to note "that it is rather a cool, dispassionate, even grudging recognition of a great job to be
done" ; while the late vote of the New York City mayoral
campaign . emphasizes the fact that he has not only told the
truth, but that even more than he has stated may be true.
There is great danger of a popular reaction in all countries.
Nor can one be surprised when death-dealing messages like
Arsene·ring throughout the world with the groans of the dying.
One thing is daily becoming more and more evident, and
that is that we are rapidly evolving into a new order of things.
Our government has already assumed partial control of the
flour mills and granaries ,the coal mines, the food prices, and
yet finds itself surrounded by a craven desire on the part of
business men to reap. enormous fortunes in this unfortunate
hour of national distress.
The very business men who are crying loudest for patriotic
sentiment are looting the country's resources by the commercial transactions. and by so doing, are committing acts of
real treason to this country.
,Every fortune so reaped impels others of similar greed to
deal likewise, while each such act forces the government to
place greater limits upon profits. The process is inevitabl~
and if the war continues long, which it will, the government
will frankly be forced to conscript not only all profits but all
wealth.
This governmental act will be the ushering in of the new
order. Let us hope that the government will not hesitate
firmly to take this step. It seems to be the only step that will
enlist the support of the masses who are now sorely feeling
the effects of high prices, low wages. and heavy taxes.
By government conscription of wealth. profits and incomes.
the war could be far more equitably financed, the interests
of the people unified and public unrest to some degree, allayed.
--o-
T
HE New York campaign is the most illuminating fact in
the political firmament of the hour, and Hillquit is the
central star.
Hill quit! Who is Hillquit? He is a lawyer of the first
magnitude. He has largely determined the present attitude
and policy of the Socialist party.
He has had much to do with the general urge that demands
of the government that it state its terms of peace.
He has always been opposed to the war and the vote he received not only astonished the ·government and this country.
but it astonished the world. We were all amazed at the voice
crying in the wilderness, "Make ye your paths straight!"
Well may we all put our ears to the ground and listen to
the rumbling of the underworld!
�The
· Wealern
Comrade
T
HE SOCIAUSfS of the world have for a quarter of a
the world over of go emment, industrial and commercial
century foreseen this world war coming like a tidal wave; control.
and have relentlessw struggled, in every way within their
Popular sentiment is forcing the former while the war is
power, to avert it. Their power was not sufficient, but their forcing the latter; and self-preservation will compel each
propaganda has developed a world-wide movement that points nation to continue them both.
Thus it is that we are now at the birth of a new order.
to the solution of this world war proble~.
It is true that Socialists thought that the conflict would come
--o-between the working class and the governments of the world.
· MILITARISM is the child of special privilege. It springs
If the struggle would have survived, democracy would have
as naturally from privilege as ambition springs from
died, ~~·d plutocracy would -have reigned supreme.
po~er.
But the logical evolution of commercial and industrial
They both lead to tyranny and oppression, then to revoluevents developed ambition for empire along with commercial
tion. Whosoever possesses a special privilege must shape the
and industrial dominion. This brought on the clash of arms
laws to protect him in the enjoyment of that privilege.
between governments and not between the people and their
Every privilege protected by law results in increased burgovernments.
dens upon all save the beneficiaries.
Having foreseen the coming of the war for so long, and
As the ben__eficiary loves the advantage'S, so the burdened
ha ving believed that the struggle would .begin between the peohates the disadvantage. Finally, the law becomes an object
pl e a nd their governments, the Socialists, for the most. part,
o'f derision and contempt.
fa il to recognize this war as the social revolution which they,
Disloyalty, resistance, and riot follow close upon the heels
for so long, have foreseen.
_
of contempt for law. Then comes the cry for law and order.
The complex situation puts the Socialists of the world in a
Already having Ia~ to protect privilege, a military force is
most embarrassing position. They all belong to an internaorganized to preserve order.
tional movement. They have met in international congresses
Thus militarism is born of special privilege.
for years. Their economic principles and philosophy are the
The hatred and contempt that sprang from the burdens resame the world over. Their interests and aims are identical.
sulting from legalized privilege are carried over to the military
The thought of shooting those with whom they have so long
force that preserves order while the burden is still imposed.
worked to avert this war, is unbearable.
Neither law nor order nor military power can induce or
Yet each and every one desires to be faithful to his own
~ompel human beings to love a crushing burden. They
country. Between these two extremes they vacillate and find
struggle against a burden as naturally and persistently
themselves in worlds of trouble. Many Socialists do not unwater runs dewn hill. It may be held in check for a while,
derstand that this is the Social Revolution. while most people
but the tiniez must co~e when the pressure must be greater
do not understand the difficult position in which the ~cialists than the strength of the dam.
are placed.
Then the revolution is on.
If it were possible for all governments to conscript all So--o-cialists to work in the domestic industries so that they would
HE "LONDON POST" s:~ys: "The Allies are determined
not be compelled to shoot the members of their organizations
/
.
upon one peace onJy-the peace not of compromise, but
with whom they have worked so long, the vast majority of
the civic discord would disappear and social evolution toward of victpry." Lloyd George, supporting this position, says:
"A peace which does not give France Alsace-Lorraine, Italy
the new er-a would be promoted with greater harmony.
This being improbable, it remains for us to lend what aid we the Trent ion and Istria, which leaves Austria with Bosnia a~d
can to. a pu.blic understanding of the situation and to bring Turkey with Armenia and Mesopotamia, a peace which res: ores the German colonies--would be- disaster for the Allies
about the greatest -degree of possible harmony.
and victory for the Central powers."
Peace with victory! . Indeed! We entered the war for
TATE OCIALISM is rapidly and irresistibly marching "peace withW,Jt victory." We entered to "save the world"
from Prussia11 autocracy and "for democracy." But England
upon the world.
seems
to think that we are staying in it for territorial conThe capitalists are opposed to it.
quest
and
aggrandizement. the conquest of her allied powers.
The Social Democrats are opposed to it.
Peace
without
victory is right. But peace with victory
But the logic of events favors it and so it comes.
and make the world safe for autoc>
would
destroy
democracy
Everybody, c~pitalist and Socialist alike, should work for
racy.
it. It is the next step in civilization and is the only solution
as
T
S
to our ocial problems.
If civilization survives, it must take this step. Failing to
tak~ it, civilization will rel_
apse into barbarism.
State Socialism does not mean tyranny.
ni ersal suffrage and direct legislation are the antidotes
lor political tyranny. The.e mo emenb are the forerunners
T
.,
HE
ET II COME of 29 steel. munitions, and machinery
conceros- was $69,365.568 in 1914 and in 1915 it wu
$5%.236,644.
"War-what -for?"
Simple enough.
�Page Six
The Western Comrade
Llano Invading Louisiana
"WHEN are you going to Louisiana?"
This is the question asked an~ repeated. It is
heard in the woods where the boys are getting out
the logs to be sawed up into packing cases. It is heard at
the tables in the hotel at every meal. It is heard in the
machine shop, and wherever two colonists meet. This is
the one absorbing subject of conversation.
The work at Llano is largely done. Fields have been
cleared of brush. The sawmill is installed. Roads have
been built. Houses are here a plenty to house the inhabitants for a long time. Industrial buildings and warehouses are built and in use. Remains only the planting
and the caring for orchards, the little gardening, and the
irrigating and harvesting of alfalfa. A few men can do
the work and do it well. The rest of the residents will
now go on to Louisiana, to develop the new lands, to bring
them into bearing, to erect houses, to establish industries,
to organize socially. Definite plans for the work at Llano
are being worked out and a quite complete general plan
is already adopted.
But how to get to Louisiana- that is the problem.
It is 2000 miles, probably 2500 miles from Llano, California, to Stables, Louisiana. To move several hundred
people there, to pack up their household goods, to move
to repair cars in case of breakdowns. Some of the boys
are ambitious to hold meetings en route. At the time this
is written nothing definite regarding automobile journey$
to Louisiana has been decided on .
. The automobile route adopted lies well to the south, and
the towns visited are not large, most of them. The reason for keeping so far to the south is to keep away from
snow· as much as possible. It is estimated that the average
time to make the Llano-to-Leesville trip will be in the
neighborhood of 18 days, possibly more. The towns
through which the Llano cara vans will go are: Victorville,
Barstow, and Cadiz, California; Parker, Wenden, Palo
Verde, Buckeye, Phoenix, Chandler, Globe, Rice, Safford, Duncan, Heyden, Winkleman, Ray, Arizona; Lordsburg, Deming, Los Cruces, New Mexico; El Paso, Van
Horne, Pecos, Midland, Colorado, Sweetwater, Abilene,
Cisco, Ranger, Mineral Springs, Weatherford, Fort Worth,
Dallas, Terrell, Tyler, Longview, Mansfield, Texas; Shreveport, Mansfield, Chadwick, Leesville, Louisiana.
The third departure was the publishing department,
which included the WESTERN COMRADE and the LLANO
COLONIST. Thousands of pieces of literature were
printed in the six weeks just prior to departure. Extra
help had been employed and frequently night shifts worked
While MovingTo the New Home in Louisiana, the ~ESTERN COMRADE will possibly be delayed
December. Every effort will be made to set up the machinery as soon as possible.
All communications should be addressed, after November 15th, to
111
the 1ssue for
.,
I
I
1
1
I.
I
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS,
STABLES. LOUISIANA.
i
~I
them to the trains, to get them under way, to house them
again in their new home- this is all a titanic task. But
the people of Llano are buckling to their work. They know
what they want to do. They have met and conquered
bigger tasks than this one.
The first contingent left Llano for the South, Sunday,
October 28, when George Deutsch, commissary man , and
C. M. Cason, chief accountant accompanied Job Harriman.
Comrade Cason will take charge of the books there and
will have complete charge of the accounting, just as he
has had at Llano. Comrade Deutsch, who has been in
the commissary for several months, will organize and
systematize that department at Llano. He will have better quarters at Stables than he had at Llano, and he expects
to ·install a system that will be superior in ma ny ways and
which will be a source of pride and satisfaction from the
very first.
Other contingents will leave as soon as they can be made
ready. A number of the comrades plan to go by automobile, some in privately owned cars, others in Colony cars.
Not many women will make this automobile trip, but for
men who have been ac:customed to "roughing it" there is the
spice of variety. to attract. Road maps have been diligently
studied and efforts made to secure · the most accurate, detailed, and uptodate in (ormation regarding the state of the
roads. Expert mechan-cs will accompariy the auto caravans
!
.!
'
in order to get the work out with as little delay as possible.
The big press ra n every day and all day long. The little
press put in good time. The linotype was .kept busy; the
stitcher and folder were scarcely ever idle during the daylight hours. Extra copies of the publications have been
printed and special descriptive literature has been made
ready for mailing.
With the going of the publishing department went the
machinery of other industries, loaded with them and sent
011 a head.
Wood-working machinery and repair machinery
went. Following them will comt the other industries as
rapidly as they can be made ready for the trip.
WHAT WILL BE DONE AT STABLES?
S tables is the little Colony town one mile south of Leesville. It is the new colony headquarters. Here the Llano
Colonists and the new members will live and work out the
solution of their ideals. Here they will live until they build
their own new city. That is scheduled for some time in
the future. There are many things to be done first, so the
colonists will occupy the buildings they bought, except such
others as are immediately necessary, and will make their
way as is deemed best.
There will be a number of departures from the methods
used in Llano, California. Some of them will be because
of' changed conditions. Others will be the result of lessons
1
'
�· The· Western Comrade
PapS......
learned: Others will be those which it was always intended authentic repo~t~ only have been considered, and all agr.ee
should be emP,loyed, but which conditions nev~r made on the healthfulness of this region. A prominent physician
· of the ozone belt,. of which the colony lands ·are a part,
possible before.
There will be cha~ges in management that will result is quoted as saying, "There is tonic in the very air we
in increased efficiency. This is not a mere guess hazarded breathe here, a natural tonic. . That is why it is known as
at random, but a fact. The deparJments will be better the .ozone belt. The water is good and pure in wells of
organized than ever before and their duties will be more 45 feet and deeper·.
.
. There is another
definitely decided. There Will· be a better general plan .. reason why we have so little sickness. The country is
The men in charge are men who are experienced in the new and free from those influences of a thickly settled
work under colony conditions.
.
country where civilization has grown old and congested
Standardization of labor is to be a Colony ideal. modeled 4nd careless, and besides, we have some very good pracafter standardized labor plans elsewhere. Many ·a letter tical laws on sanitation in Louisiana that help to keep our
has brought the question: What will you do with the citizens clean and well and strong." Another prominent
man who does not do his share? With standardization of physician of the Highland district· is credited with the
labor it will be possible to deal with this individual and to following : "There are rarely any cases of throa.t troubles
compel each to do his part toward the success of the whole. not preventable by reasonable care in dress and ventilation .
Out of it will grow an efficiency of production that will The reason is that there are no violent and sudden changes
redound to the credit and benefit of the entire colony.
of weather, such as are common in northern states. . .
Other improvements in methods and management are
. Persons affected with such ailment '
planned, but it is still too early to speak definitely Qn them ·and even with asthma and the primary stages of pulmonary
or even to say what is contemplated, for there are many trouble are materially benefited by coming to this country."
contingencies, and the possibilities of their not being inIt is necessary to stress the ·healthfulness of the Highland
stituted at once are many. Therefore they will not be district forcefully, because there is so much misinformatioa
mentioned until they are accomplished facts.
existing concernin~ Louisiana. That her swamps arc
The same general plan that has been followed at Llano, large and unhealthful is not to be gainsaid. But the asCalifornia, is to be followed in Louisiana. That is the col- sertion might safely be· made that every state in the Union
lective ownership, of course, and the eight hour day and has spots that are far from ideal as regards health conthe equal wage, the commissary, the social features and ditions. Unfortunately for Louisiana her swamps have
social service, the use-possession of houses. The style of been far better advertised than her more healthful regions,
city has not been determined. No attempt will be made to and this dates back to ante-bellum days.
remodel Stables or to make it into anything but an ordinary
The Highland· District of Louisiana is quite different
railroad town. When any effort is made to work out a · from any other portion of it, and from the fact that it has
city plan, it will be in a new spot, where no previously been covered with heavy timber, and therefore was not
built buildings will interfere or inject new problems.
visited by tourists, and not inhabited by a very large
But all energies will be bent at first on the clearing and population, there is little information to be secured from
planting. Of 'course it is not ne.cessary to clear the land those who have been to Louisiana. usually. It is also true
in order to get ctops, and the clearing will b~ deferred that little printed matter exists regarding this district, fot
as much as possible so that the greatest possible acreage where there are few people there is little reason for putting
may be put in . There is plowing to be done, the pur- much information into print, and without the necessity it is
chasing of seed, the laying out of the land, the organiza- not done. This explains the difficulty of learning much
tion of farming groups and departments, and a thousand about the Highlands from any books to be found in the
.
and one things to make the new colony a producer from ordinary library.
the very start. No time is being wasted, and the small
The land is we11 drained, is rolling, and the elevation of
group of colonists now on the land is· doing all it can, with- the colony lands is about 240 feet. The growing season ,
out altogether considering the eight-hour day, which is lasts from seven to nine months. Some authorities give
the ~ay with enthusiasts everywhere who are intent on a longer growing . season than this, but the time here is
conservative and long enough to satisfy most persons.
achievement.
'The chief crops to be grown this year, aside from the
Corn is likely to be one of the chief crops, if not the
vegetables, wiil be .corn, cotton, forage crops, sugar cane, most important of all, for many years to come. Yields
melons, sweet potatoes: Irish potatoes, peanuts and oats. are good from the start, and a government farm adviser
There will be others, of course, but ~hose will be the chief who has worked and studied Highland soil, makes the
ones. Unless the unforeseen intervenes, they will go far statement that the lands w~ll produce up to 70' bushels.
to sustain the colony, and there should be a surplus for sale. This is not on new land, however, but on land that has
There will undoubtedly be a community garden, but in been well filled and well enriched and carefully farmed .
.addition to this, it is quite probable that ma ny residents He claims, however, that with one legume crop for fertilization, and using only ordinary care and methods, the
will also raise garden.
Reports regarding the healthfulness of this district con- land will produce 40 to 55 bushels to the acre. This is
tinue to come in from many different sources. It has been accepted as being authorative, as the man who makes the .
called the ozone belt. The piney Highlands .of Western assertion is in the government service.
Crops are quite certain in the Highlands, for the growLouisiana are quite different from the lands bordering
watercourses-alo~g the Gulf Coast or along the Missising season is long. Late cold spri)lgs or early falls do
sippi. Because the land is high and rolling, COI!sequently not shorten the season enough, in th·e years when they do
well drained, there are no mosquitoes. Being no mos- come, to endanger crops. Rainfall is sure; drouths are
quitoes, there is no malaria. This region. has been known unknown. It is possible to take off a crop of corn and
as one of the most healthful ot the South, and the health the same year to plant a restorative forage crop that will
reports from the ozone belt are of the best. The most 'put back in the soil the plant food taken out by the corn.
_ __j
�Page Eight
The Western Comrade
LIVESTOCK OPPORTUNITil?.S
1
The West has iilways been associated with the cattle
and stock industry; T ex<ls, too, is usually considered in
connection with stock raising, but 'few persons ever think
of Louisiana as a State where cattle and horses, hogs and
sheep. have a very high place in the lis of products.
Yet governm!;!nt reports of the opportunities presented
for raising cattle and sheep and' hogs indicate that this
industry can be made a very profitable one. There was
a time when the tick made this an extremely hazardous
.J'ls•ness, but science ·has found ways to prevent the spread
of this disease and to eradicate it entirely. Government
reports are now produced showing that the cattle industry
can be carried on with the moderate guarantee of generous
profits.
The number of forage plants grown in Louisiana or
native to this State is not equalled anywhere else in North
America, it is claimed. Among them are Bermuda Grass
and Lespedeza, {a plant native to the South). Most of
the clovers thrive there and produce heavily.
Alfalfa
does well. Cow peas, velvet beans, and soy beans are
tried and proved crops. Sudan grass and timothy do
pa rticularly well. Sorghum can be grown as stock feed
with great success.
Some of the forage crops listed here are well known to
farmers from all parts of the country, but Lespedeza, which
is held in high favor in Louisiana, is not so well known. I.t
is an annual, greatly resembles alfalfa, has wonderful s01l
building properties, and will yield from one to three tons
of hay, said to be equal in food value to alfalfa.
The stock raising end of farming, though offering great
profits, has not been taken up extensively in the South,
although more and more attention is now being devoted to
it. The mild and pleasant climate makes it unnecessary
to invest heavily in shelter for stock. The abundance of
cheaply grown feeds of so many varieties reduces feeding
expense to a minimum. Added to this is the fact that cotton
seed meal can be secured at little cost for fattening, and
corn can be produced plentifully. Peanuts and sweet potatoes are fed liberally to stock, especially to hogs.
Sweet potatoes and peanuts left in the ground when the
crops are harvested will be found by the hogs so that none
will be wasted. Root crops of all kinds are profitable for
feeding.
Beef production is also facilitated by the abundance of
crops and the variety that can be grown. The Colony
should be able to produce beef of prime quality at an exceedingly low price, and there is no doubt of the ability to
.
sell it.
Dairying, too, is among the industries that may be started
at once and which promise good returns, even guarantee
them. in fact. Here again the abundance, cheapness, and·
variety of feeds reduces dairying problems to a minimum,
and markets are both near and good. Good standard bred
cows are being brought into Louisiana, and the dairy industry is being built up rapidly. It is the intention of the
Colony to enter extensively into ·the production of milk,
butter, and cheese, and there are no obstacles apparent to
prevent this.
The United States Bureau of Animal Husbandry is credited with the statement that the production of dairy food is
t less cost in the South than in any other portion of the
ountry, and it is impossible to conceive of conditions being
more favorable in any portion of the South than they are
n the district wherein lie the new Llano lands.
U
1
--
-·
The poultry business also promises big returns in the
Highland Plantation of the Llimo Colony. There is no
severe winter to interfere, and hens can range out of doors
every day of the year, except during rains. The equipment
required is probably the simplest that can be used- anywhere. Poultry feed can be produced on Colony lands.
Splendid claims are made for sheep and goats, and the
reasonableness. of the Claims is quite evident when consideration is given to the bounteous forage crops.
PUITING LAND UNDER CULTIVATION
Many q·uestions have been asked and many objection~
raised concerning the cultivation of stump-covered land.
The average number of stumps to the acre is about fifty.
The actual number may range from . ten to several hundred. But clearing the land of them is not a difficult
process, according to ·information that appears to be entirely trustworthy.
There is little undergrowth left. The trees were removed
perhaps ten years ago. There is little except very young
saplings which interpose no obstacles, and the stumps which
are long since dead and dry. The principal task is to get
the stumps out of the land.
These stumps are of the long leaf yellow pine variety.
They do not rot because they are filled with pitch and
rosin.
Instead of branching roots, there is a main tap root
that goes straight down.
This would make their removal
difficult but for the fact that they are so filled with pitch.
A machine is used for quickly boring holes into the
stumps. It consists of a large power-driven auger mounted
on wheels.
A two-and-one-half-inch hole is bored into
the stump, starting at the surface and boring diagonally
through. emerging about 15 inches below · the surface.
By digging down to the ·hole and starting a fire, the stump .
is soon consumed, the hole bored through it acting as a !
flue that creates a draft which keeps the fire ·going.
Soon
nothing is l~ft but a little pile of ashes. The entire stump
is thus burned, clear 'down into the roots below the bottom
of the auger hole.
It is said to be a very efficient method
and not expensive. The secret of the plan is the hole
that leads · the fire to the heart of the stump.
It is not, however, necessary to remove stumps in order
to farm the land.
Lacking lateral roots, the stumps do
not present very great obstacles and it is possible to plow
close to them. The land can be farmed before it is cleared.
which is a distinct advantage to the colony, as it will permit .
cropping a large acreage at once.
1
WHAT WILL BE DONE FIRST
The general methods to be pursued will not be greatly
different than have been outlined as colony procedure in the
past·.
Many improvements in management will of course
be made, as experience has demonstrated many things.
The housing a nd transportation were the greatest problems at Llano, California.
They were eventually solved.
The new colony at Stables, Louisiana, does not present
these problems.
The railroad, with a switch on colony
lands, will lay goods down within a few hundred feet of
where most of them will be used.
There is already a
hotel, and there are many houses suitable for immediate
use, with abundance of materials on the ground or cheaply
bought to erect residences of a substantial nature without
much delay.
Of course the first task is to make people as comfortable
as possible, and this is already being done.
The second is to arrange for the housing of industries.
�The
Western
Comrade
Page Nine
There are large sheds and other buildings which can easily
The peaceful and constructive invasion of Louisiana by
the Llano colonists is one that should be welcome.d ~y the
be made to do for this purpose.
The thi'rd, and one which must be carried on with the people of the South. The colonists have always been able
other two, is to prepare the soil and plant crops.
Nothing to get on amicably with their neighbors, and there is every
must delay this work.
It must be undertaken at once, and reason to believe that the people of Vernon Parish will
have nothing to regret when they find the Llano people .
be carried on whether other wo~k suffers or not.
That is
the law of farming the world over, for the seasons will not living amongst them. The So~ialists of the South are
wait on the farmer's conv.enience. .
much interested in this peaceful inThe Llano industries will be movvasion and promise a most cordial
ed, erected, organized, and started
reception.
Socialism was never
more an issue than now. and never
as soon as . possible.
It is quite
was more interest shown.
Adding
probabie that many of them will . be
the efforts of the Llano community to
come immediately profitable. not only
ByAiec Watkin s
the propaganda of the lighting Socas a colony venture for colony uses
ialists
o'f Texas, Arkansas and Oklabut also for the outside business that
(Written Specially for Western Comrade)
may be secured. While no prophesies
homa should go far toward cementing
HE opinion is quite general Tha t
the South together for more liberal
are offered, it is evident that with
Democracy and Efficienrv a re incompatlaws, and should strengthen the
a compa ra tively la rge population near
ible.
In conduc ting o ur organizations
by. a share of outside business should
movement g~eatly, making it a Solid
we socialists help to confi rm this belief.
We a rc no t inclined to trust those m
he easily secured. Llano has good
South for Socialism.
authority very far. A critical examina tion
The Llano Community invites
mechanics and workmen, a nd if it
of history has developed in us a rather
friends and . skeptics alike to visit it.
becomes necessary to. go into comlarge capacity for suspicion. And frequentto learn what is being attempted, to
petition with the outside. there is
ly. when the necessity for suspicion has
little doubt that they will be quite
join in making the ideals of constructlargely gone, the instinct still persists. In
our organizations we are often afraid to
able to hold their own, when they
live Socialism a reality.
delegate any real power to the officials
Letters have already begun to
have colony backing.
we ourselves elect : w e insist up~::m elect-Already the offices are established
come in asking for more information
in ~ committees wh e n far better results
a t Stables. a nd the visitors to the new
about the plans of the colonists.
could be obtained by allowing the presiding
officer to appoint them; we demand that
colony a re being hospitably cared fo r
The question most freque1,1tly asked
all business be brought before the main
and entertained in the ho tel there.
is, "What a re you going to do with
body when much of it could well be left
the
Colony in California?" This is
which is quite adeauate fo r present
to our officers and committees. It would
uses. but which undoutedlv soon will
the question which the colonists at
be difficult to devise a more effec tual way
be outgrown .
Llano asked themselves and the ansof tying our own hands.
This is done in the name of Democracy;
The publishing department will
wer has been found.
but it is no more necessary to democ ratic
be installed with as little loss of time
The present plan, as has already
management than is poor accountancy.
Special efforts will he
as possible.
been stated. is to bend most of the
slovenly janitor-work. nr any thing else tha t
made to put this industry on a workenergies toward bringing the Lousproduces ch aos where there should be order.
' It has been said that democracy is no t
ing basis at once.
The publications
iana Colony to the point of produca FORM of government . but a KIND of
tion as rapidly as possible. To thir.
will hereafter be issued from the new
government : it is the kind of government
colony, the postoffice of which is at
end
the majority of the residents of
in which the governed a re in control of
present Stables.
Llano. California, are being transthei r own affairs. hut the form it takes is
Farming in the South will be in
ferred to the new property. But even
a ma tter of expediency. and may vary ac co rding to c irc umstances.
Popular .control ·
the hands of those who know most
within the last month, or at any rate
i ~ the essential fea ture.
Democracy pre- ·
about it. and everv effort to · secure
since the Louisiana move was definvents the control of the business of All of
knowledge . of more efficient methods
itely decided on, new members have
the people by a few of them. hut to insist
come to Llano who expect :to stay
· a nd more~~ rofi.table crops will b e
that all nf the people pass upon all of the
details of all of their business prevents any
here. They will remain. They will
made. ~l e it is a n accepted fact
sort of adequate control whatever, even
that the man who has fa rmed suchelp in the planting of trees, the
by the people themselves. In fact, if thP.
cessfully in any district knows how
build:ng of flumes , and the other
members o f an organiza tion pursue such a
it should be done and is the man
work that must be carried on. Others
course consistently fo r any len!(th of time.
whose methods should be followed. it
will want to come to California, and
they arc likely to have no business left to
control.
does not follow tha t his methods
they will he permitted to do so to the
Efficiency does no t req uire that the memextent that there is · work for them.
a re the best possible, a nd a consta nt
hcrs o f tt n o rganiza tion relinqu ish their con search will he made for better ones.
As this is being written a comrade
trol of its a ffairs. but it does necessita te
There is little doubt but what the
in Los Angeles writes to know about
the placmg of a larger amount of confidence
in executi ve office rs than we in the socialis t
ca nnery will be established at Stables.
our plans for Llano. He wants to
movement are in the habit of placing in
know if we intend to build a model
but there is quite a lot of work to
ours. Eternal vigilance is the price of libcity at Llano. It is impossible to give
be done a t Llano in the meantime.
erty. but perpetual suspicio n buys us no th a direct answer to this question or
The Llano cannery is just finishing
ing but trouble.
to others of a similar nature. This
its greatest season. Canned fruit and
vegetables. a nd the machinery and
i~ something which will be left to the
boxes a nd whatever Is used must be pack~d for shipment. discretion of those who live at Llano. Certainly, if they
Pla ns are already being made to can vegetables in large wish to do so and it is deemed practicable. It is not just
quantities for the coming year. There will probably be less nor feasible for those who go to Louisiana to dictate what
fruit and more vegetables put into cans next season as' those who live at Llano should do. The only thing that
it will be several years before the Colony fruit industry may be said definitely and safely is that the Llano colony in
California is to be retained and its development continued.
can be put on a producing basis in the South.
Democra.c y and
Efficiency
T
- ------·------------------------------------------·
�Psge Ten
Criminality-The Probation System
By H .
A SESSIONS, Probation Officer
that out of 168,260 convictions for that year 104,171. had
been convicted at least once before, and" over 12,000 had
been convicted more than 20 times each. This proves am(Writkn Specially for The Western Comrade.)
ply tha:t sending men to prison does not protect society unANY writers have commented on phases on the "Proba- less every sentence shall be for life. Short terms in prison
tion system," as it it were new, untried, of doubtful are absolute folly so far as the individual is ·concerned. They
value and of questionable efficacy in the protection of do vastly more damage than .good. The criminaJ shortsociety from criminals, and. in the discouragement of crime.· termer, schooled in ·all the arts of vice, is turned loose without
I think it can be shown that in California, outside of San supervision, and the bad results to others are much greater
Francisco, in accordanct: with the population, there was less than the good done by "making an exampe of him."
crime amounting to a felony, and excluding the "new-made"
Suppose that every automobile driver that broke the least
crimes, ending February 1st, than in the preceding year.
traffic regulation was put in jail for at least a month- none
Every session of congress and of the legislature adds new escaping. There wouldn't be so many infractions, but there
crimes and misdemeanors to the already long list. To these would finally be a great many more criminals and the ultithe supervisors and city council add ordinances innumerable, mate effect of such punishments would be a fearful loweruntil no man is safe from prosecution and persecution. The ing of social conditions.
best lawyers in the state do not know the laws. Every man
Discharged convicts frequently say "The people put me in
blunders along, liable to be picked up by some enemy, and a position to learn a trade and they must expect me to work
publicly pilloried and disgraced, or perhaps summarily pun- ·at it." And they do until they are again caught.
ished, and yet he may have injured, cheated, wronged or
So far as the individual delinquent is concerned the
defrauded nobody, knowingly and intentionally.
probation system is, at the lowest, eighty per cent efji.cient.
With the growing multiplicity of
As an effective deterrent and a factor
laws, it becomes a matter of necessity
in the reduction of crime, time only
that there be a sifting out of offenders
will determine its val ue. As yet there is
ENDING men to pnson does
and a severe restraint of those who
·no general increase of crime attributknowingly, intentionally, and persistable to it.
not protect society unless every
ently commit injurious and~\so
In England, when more than a hunsentence shall be for life. Short
cial acts; and on the other hand a
dred offenses were punishable by
terms in prison are absolute folly
lesser restraint of thost' who ignorahtdeath, there were more crimes of vioso far as the individual is conly, unintentionally, or under sudden
lence than now. It isn't prisons,
cerned. They do vastly more damstrain or passion, commit some senous
sheriffs, policemen, prosecutors and
courts that prevent crime. It is -the
crime or misdemeanor.
age than good. The criminal shortSince the memory of man judges
free exercise of human rights, a fair
termer, schooled in all the arts of
have had the power of "suspending
share of the world's production for evvice, is turned loose on society withery one, education-mental, moral
sentence," or in other words withholdout supervision, and the bad results
and physical- and the application of
ing punishment. The offender was
to others are much greater than the
the golden rule.
then free to go about as if no charges
good done by "making an example"
I am interested in my work because
had been made against him . The essentially new thing about the probation
of its great opportunities for helpfulof him.
ness. The Probation officers reconsystem is that before the sentence is
struct broken families, break up hopesuspended a careful investigation is
made, and that after the suspension
lessly vicious ones, find homes for unof sentence the guilty party is required to keep in touch fortunate children, restrain vicious ones, protec..t the weak
with a certain officer of the cou rt in order to prove (probare) and helpless, secure for many children their educational rights,
himself worthy of this lesser form of punishment.
restore criminals to good citizenship, find jobs for the jobless
As to the punishment of men placed on probation, let and homes for the homeless.
I am interested in probation work, because I believe its net
me say that their averag~ term in jail before suspension of
sentence is about two months. That ought to be ample results will add richly to the sum total of human happiness.
deterrent for most people and is as much of that · kind of The probation system is constantly educating people as to the
punishment as will help any one to reform. The man on meaning of crime, its causes and prevention, and in doing
probation has temporarily lost his citizenship, he is sub- this, is recording the results of much social experimentation.
ject to arrest without warrant, cannot enter into any busi- In the records of the Fresno county courts are hundreds of
ness, nor move about from place to place without consent documents which were prepared in the probation office, showof the court, and if he lives up to his instructions, lives a ing, more or less correctly, the causes of crime, delinquency
more correct life than does the average man.
and dependency. .
I freely predict that the study of the causes of crime will
In Fresno county the utmost care is taken to find whether
or not a man is a repeater of serious crimes, a professional result in a new system of penology which will deal princriminal or has had a long criminal record and almost none cipally with causes. The probation and parole systems arc
of these have been . placed on probation in the last wour also showing the possibilities of the control of delinquents
outside of prison walls. The · time is not far distant when no
Yfars.
So far as known only seven per cent of the men placed one will be sentenced to prison except those physically
on probation in the last four years have committed serioiJs dangerous.
offenses while on probation, and nearly fifty per cent of the
In olden times, the prison was principally a place of demen sent to state's prison commit serious offenses after they tention, pending trial and judgment. In England, at one time,
are discharged. The Blue Book of England for 1912 states the death penalty was infliCted for one hundred fifty-six ofFresno County, California
M
S
�The
Wes ,t -e rn
Comrade .
fenses, one of which was catchi!lg rabbits. One by one the
Many a time have I heard an old man of -this class "ton~ue
punishments were lopped off, leaving the courts no alterna- lash" a younger man for · defending the .marriage relation.
tive than imprisonmen . Now that we know that 'imprison- Such men know the futility .of the attempt to establish a
prisonment is probably the cause of more crime than it pre- home on a laborer's wages. Few have the courage and pervents, it becomes our duty either to invent new, rational and sistence to save enough money to pay for the home before
effective punishments, where punishment is desirable, or ascer- marriage and it becomes well-nigh impossible afterward.
tain· the cause of crime and stop it attits source.
For the purposes of this argument, soldiers and sailors may
We find that much crime is merely the result of weakness be classed wi'th casual laborer. Their excesses and immoraland adverse conditions, rather than a vicious habit of min9. ities are almost proverbial.
and therefore such delinquents need help, education and
Low wages and unemployment then, are at the basis of
training more than imprisonment. In cases of crimes against the "free relation" and the demand for the immoral women
property, restitution from the earnings of the delinquems i"s ·among the common laborers. If society permits, they do not
often a better corrective than the prison, and much more seek the respectable girl, the woman in the sheltered home,
satisfactory to the injured party. Imprisonment for property but consort with the public woman. If the latter are not
crimes usually results in complete moral bankruptcy. In the in evidence, with the advent of .an considerable number of
last analysis, I do not hesitate to say that the crimes of society casual workers into a community, the procurer, the messenger
against individuals are responsible for most of the crimes of boy, the taxicab driver, soon produce them, and the ranks
.of the public woman are rapidly recruited from the unattached
individuals against society.
The greatest hope of our juvenile department in the proba- and homeless. The ordinary farm hand in California teaches
tion office is the elimination of a large part of its work by his code to the son of the man he is working for. In idle
other agencies, among them, the school, the church, the wei- . times he teaches the town boys. Seeing no hope for better
fare commissions, domestic relations courts, and by legal things, they abandon themselves to illicit relations, defending
enactments, such as the widow's pension, workman's com- themselves with a certain show of honor.
pensation, health and employment insurance and shorter hours.
The remedy is the assurance of steady employment and
Such agencies should assume care
a fair opportunity for home-building.
and supervision of the neglected and
Harris Weinstock is on the right road
defective, leaving only the criminally
in his advocacy of rural credits and
EARLY fifty per cent of the
inclined or weak-minded in charge of
state land colonization. Homebuildthe probation officer. The probation
ing for the ambitious, steady employmen sent to state's prison comofficer for juveniles should be more
ment at fair wages and a square deal
mit serious offenses after they are
and more a special investigator and
- this is the secret of social reform.
discha rged. In England, when more
advisor for the juvenile court judge,
If I could have my way, every boy
than a hundred offenses were punand possibly a referee or assistant
would be taught a good trade, and
ishable by death, there were more
judge, and less and less an executive
at twenty-one, if his work and couduct
crimes of violence than now. It
officer.
had been good, he would be provided
isn't prisons, sheriffs, policemen,
In the future, the probation staff
with a home which could not be taken
prosecutors and courts that prevent
will include a psychologist, skilled in
away from him and which he could
mental derangements, both men and
crime. It is the free exercise of
not dispose of. He might earn a betwomen medical and surgical specialhum-an rights, a fair share of the
ter one and leave it to be occupied
ists. This means -. ascertaining the
by another young couple, but it could
world's production, educationcause of every delinquency and a prenot be sold.
mental, moral and physical---and
vention of its repetition by correcting
h1 Serbia every capable farmer
the application of the Golden Rule.
or removing the cause, where possiwas given twenty-three acres of land
ble; and permanent supervision, where
to be his as long as he used it. In
impossible.
·
Bulgaria, every man gets seven acres
As the probation officer for Fresno county, I am frequently as a birth-right, but he cannot sell it. For sixty years our
asked"\Vhat is the cause of the inc~ease of the social evil government has tried to give every man a farm, but he
and the consequently alarming increase of venereal disease?" does not build a home upon it.
In my opinion there are many contributing factors such
An attempt to place every man ·above want and the fear
as lack of parental care,' more leisure, night life. lack of of starvation may seem like a costly experiment, but I believe
wholesome pleasures and entertainment. But by far the most that the productive power of the nation would be so greatly
important is the economic factor.
increased that the additional cost would be as nothing.
After existence is assured, the strongest impulse we have
I place the cause of our social ills in their relative importleads to the happiness in the love-life. That impulse waits ance as follows: - unemployment, alcohol and drug habits,
not on ethics, religion, politics or other inventions of civiliza- incompetence (heredity and neglected training), disease, comtion. All that can be done is to guide lt.
mercialized vice. Underlying and intertwined are the political
Love· is primarily a home and home-making product. Ex- policies of the land, taxation, finance, transportation, marketotic passion is the creator of the brothel, the rooming house, ing and public service. And behind all is the personality of
the childless apartment house and the woman who imperson- the individual.
ates the beloved wife and mother no matter what her nomIf unemployment, incompetence and disease are overcome,
inlll station may be.
the other questions will be solved.
By far the greatest influence in producing laxness of sex
morals in our modern society I believe to be the ·"code of
Ct.-operation w•• born of f~ling that unmitigated competition io at
honor" of the casual and migratory workers. They despise best but sO<'jal war. and though war has ill conqueots, its pomp., its
one of their class, who. on uncertain work and more uncer- bards, ill proud a•oociationl and heroic memories, there io murder in its
anJ humanity and genius were things to blush for if progress ea.ntain wages, entangles a woman by marriage and drags her n•arch.
not be accomplished by some other means. What an encluring truce is
and her children down with him to squalor, misery and prob- to war, co -operation is to the never-ceasing con8ict between capital and
able dishonor and disgrace.
lab.>r. It is the peace uf induslry.-G. J. Holyoake.
N
• • •
�-The
Page Twelve
The Revolution In North Dakota
Western
Com-rade
By"· G. reigan
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. Those Copying Please Give ~redit.
(This is the second of three articles by H. G. T eigan, telling
the story of the Nonpartisan League of North Dakota.]
T
I
f,
I
1
\1
1
··skullduggery" and many are still manifesting the same
treacherous attitude toward the farmers and their organization. Needless to state, the checks were paid by the Pettibone bank · after Mr. Townly and the farmers "called:' on
the cashier. -
HE campaign of 1916 was really opened in the fall of
1915. ..A glance at the fi!es of the "Non-partisan
Leader" will bear testimony to this fact. A cartoon on
By the first of the year, 1916, the spirit of organization
the first page of the fi'r st issue contained a challenge to the had been developed to a wonderful extent. The meetings
politicians that their kind were no longer desired to act as had been largely instrumental in bringing the farmers together,
officials for the people of North Dakota.
and of course the Leader had been even more effective in
The Leader had on its editoral staff at the beginning such this respect. The farmers were becoming class-conscious.
able men as Charles Edward Russell, 0. M. Thomason and They were beginning to realize that bankers, grain speculators
J. M. Baer, the cartoonist, who now represents the first dis- and owners of large industries have interests diametrically
trict of North Dakota in the lower house of congress. Under opposed to those of the farmers, in the economic sphere.
the inspiration of A. C. Townly, president of the league, the
Conditions now warranted actual political action on the
Leader staff proceeded to lay the foundation for a class- part of the farmers. Interest, sdidarity; understanding-all
conscious organization. Not much was said at first about these had been sufficiently developed in the minds of the
the program of the League, which had been endorsed by League members to enable them offering battle to the Old
each member at the time of enrollment, but nearly every Guard.
editorial, article and cartoon had for its guiding principle that
On January 27th, President Townly issued the call for
of developing class-solidarity and the spirit of organization precinct meetings. The call read as follows:
in the members. The propaganda consisted mainly in showNOTICE . TO PRECINCT CONVENTIONS
ing up the politicians and the interests that were misleading
"You are hereby notified that on February 22nd. 1916, al · 2 p. m.•
and preying upon the farmers. Several important articles
the members of the Farmers Non-partisan Political league will hold
a meeting in each voting precinct in North Dakota lo elect delegates
were published on the Nanna administration showing where
lo the Le IS alive and Stale conventions.
the Governor and the Banking board had crushed several
"Urge very member lo come. Here is where your work begins.
baking institutions that had not acquiesced in the policies
" atch the Leader for further notices.
of the crowd in power. The administration was also attacked
A. C. TOWNLY, President."
on its unfair system in shouldering the greater part of the
The politicians and the kept press were "up a tree," so to
taxes on the farmer~
speak. They were hostile and yet, not being able to underHowever, it was not long until the program was taken up stand the League's strength, they did not know what to say.
and discussed by Mr. Thomason. He wrote a series of articles Many of them figured that it would be unwise to launch forth
dealing with the different planks of the program. But in- in too bitter attacks on the Organization as that might prove
asmuch as no convention had been held to adopt, or more the more dangerous to them in the end. Several that had
correctly, to outline a program, it was deemed advisable to been bitter in attacking the League when being organized,
obtain some direct word from the people on this matter. Thus. · now "pulled in their horns." It was not until after the
in the November 16th issue of the Leader, the members of precinct conventions that the real power of the farmers'
the organization were invited to discuss through the columns movement was learned. The farmers attended these . conof the paper- this question-"What kind of laws do you want?" ventions in a spirit of religious fidelity. Newspaper reporters
The letters received, and there were a great many of them, and politicians were excl~ded from the convention halls, and
clearly indicated that the program as originally outlined was this, probably more than anything else, struck terror into the
right in line with the demands of the farmers. There was hearts of these gentlemen. The precinct conventions were
strong deinand for such measures as the exemption of farm followed by district legislative conventions, at which canimprovements from taxation; Stale ownership of terminal didates were endorsed for the _legislative assembly, and the
elevators, flour mills, packing houses, and cold storage plants;
district conventiom were followed by the State Convention
rural credit banks, and State -hail insurance.
at Fargo, March 29th.
On December 9th a speaking campaign was inaugurated,
Lynn J. Frazier, an actual farmer. living on his farm near
which was continued up to the time of election in November,
1916. The first meeting was held at Pettibone, Kidder co_':!_nty. Hoople, in the northeastern part of the State, was nominated
President Townly, A. E. Bowen, Mr. Townly's chief associate for Governor. He was 41 years of age, and a graduate of
in t~e building of the Non-partisan League, and several other the State University. He was one of the most popular stuspeakers addressed this !Jieeting. It was, to say the least, dents that the institution had ever had. He was captain of
a wonderful success. 'file hall was packed, and the interest the footba ll team, and ranked as one of the leaders in his
manifested was remarkable. The reason that Pettibone was class. In his home community Mr. Frazier had held several
selected as a starter was that one of the local banks had local offices ~and was,. at the time of his nomination for govturned down more than a hundred checks issued by farmers ernor, an official of several farmers' organizations. Needless
of the vicinity for membership in the leage. The reason to say, he was not an office seeker, and if the farmers had
given was this- "Bank won't pay on this paper.' The ostensi- not drafted him into service, he would never have become
ble reason given by the cashier of the bank, when Mr. a candidate for governor or f~r any other State or national
T ownly, in company with several local farmers, called on him, office. In this instance the office sought the man.
To show the surprise with which he received the announcewas that the checks were not made out on the regular printed
blanks furnished by ' the bank. The real reason', however, ment of his nomination. I want to relate his own story of
was that the bank did not want to see the farmers organized the matter upon his arrival at Fargo, the day after the conPOLITICALLY. Many other banks were guilty of the same vention:
1
�The
Western
Page. Thirt~en .
Comrade
"I drove into town Wednesday, and they sent word to me that
I was wanted at the .telephone. When I got to the 'phone, they told
me that it was League headquarters at Fargo talking and asked me
to come up here right away. I told them I couldn't come that night.
because I had my overalls on and no suitable clothing with rrie.
"I went back to- the farm and packed my grip and came up here
and it was then I learned they wanted .me. to run for Governor and
that the League delegates in their convention had nominated me,"
The politicians and newspapers were panic striken, Few
of them knew anything of Mr. Frazier, and for that reason
did not know how td proceed · t~ attack him. Tile papers
harped mostly on the leadership of the Non-partisan League ·
and the way Frazier · had been nominated. They charged
that he had been nominated by a convention, which was in
violation of the spir~t of the primary election la~s.. They
also maintained that Mr. Frazier had been forced upon the
farmers by the "Socialist" leaders of the league. Of course,
the charge was utterly absurd, as Socialists are not in the
habit of forcing republicans upon the people (Mr. Frazier had
always been a~ialed with the republican party.) .Yet it
wo.uld be expec 'ng too much had the politicians in their
desperation not sorted to such tactics. They had to have
something to ra e about.
Little cnttctsm was offered by the opposthon, on the candidates endorsed by the league.. In fact, the newspapers
and politicians could not dig up anything that would in any
way reflect upon the candidates, but, on the other hand,
these tools of Big Business continued to assail the leaders
and officers of the league. They were labeled "carpet baggers," "Social'i sts," "1. W. W.'s," "atheists," "free lovers,"
and given every designation that the exploiting class has ever
given to the leaders of a working class revolt.
Mr. Frazier's chief opponent for the republican nominatio:t
was a brilliant young lawyer and pplitician, Usher L. Burdick
of Williston. Mr. Burdick was a very popular man and
would have had
walk-a-way for the governorship had it
not been for the existence of the Non-partisan league. He
had been a candidate for the governorship in 1914, but was
defeated by the machine-politician incumbent of the offic(!.
L. B. Han na. At that time, practically all the n{!wspapers
111 the State supported Mr. Hanna.
Burdick was thought by
them to to be too much of a radical. He had held office as
Speaker of the House of Representatives and Lieutenant
Governor and was known · to be decidedly independent in
his politicat views. These facts, however, made Mr. Burdick
all the more formidable as a n opponent of Mr. Frazier.- He
was considered progressive a nd a good. many of the league
members had been favorably inclined toward his candidacy.
He was defeated for the league endorse~ent mainly because
of the fact that · he was a lawyer by profession, and wa;
counted a politician. Besides, no one knew exactly where
he stood on the measures demanded by the farm~rs.
The reactionary elements of the State, which would not
have supported Mr. Burdick, were now, however, compelled
to rally to his support. These . reactionaries had fought him
two years before and had heaped all kinds of abuse upon
him at that time, but now they were compelled to accept
him as the "lesser of two evils.'' If Burdick should be elected
there was no organization back of him that would insure
stability to his administration. Then, too, it was . held by
the Old Guard politicians that if he could be used as a n
instrument to defeat the organized .farmers' movement, ·it
would be only a short time until they would be back in the
saddle. On the other hand, if the league candidates should
be victorious, there was no telling when, if ever, they would
be turned out of office. Nearly all the self-styled progressives
supported Mr. Burdick. There' were only a few seattered
radicals like Professors Worst and Ladd of the Agricultural
a
College and Dr. : Gillette of the State University who came
ou~ in open support of Frazier and the league ticket.
In North Dakota the real· test is in the primary. There
has been little chance for a Democrat or Socialist to be elected
to any office of importance in the State, and any candidate
who might be nominated by the republ\cans for office could
feel reasonably certain that his fight was over after he
received · the nomination. The primary i's held on the last
Wednesday of june preceding a general election. In 1916,
this carrie o·n june· 28th. Hence it was that all efforts · were
put forth to defeat .the league candidates in the primary. It
was generally felt, and even admitted by the politicians. that
if- the league candidates should be successful on june 28th,
there WO!Jid be no chance to defeat them in the general
electi'o n.
During the months of May and June a desp~rate fight was
waged by the reactionary elements. In addition to the attacks on the League leaders, . one of the claims mad~ by the
OJd Guard was that the league constituted, in the eyes of the
law, . a partncrshiR. and that every member was financially
responsible for any indebtedness . that might be incurred by
.t he Organization. This charge was promptly nailed by the
Leader, and the author of the charge, Dr. L. T. Guild, then
editor of the Fargo Daily Courier News, was offered $1 000
to substantiate his · charge in court. Dr. Guild dropped the
proposition like a hot cake. just before the primary, however, the organized Opposition sent out a circular to every
voter in the State. It .was headed-"NORTH DAKOTA IS
FACING A CRISIS." In this circular an attempt was made
to show that the .election of the League candidates would mean
the financial ruin of the people of the State. But the farmers
cf North Dakota felt that there was little for them to worry
about, even if such were the case. Ruin already · stared
them in the face if conditions were to continue as they were,
a ny length of time. Besides, the majority of the farm,ers
felt that their own representatives would be less likely to
cause their ruin than those representing the interests that
had always preyed upon them.
just before the primary, Mr. Frazier imd several state
candidates made a tour of the State in a special train. Everywhere they were greeted with large audiences and this despite
the fact that it rained almost continuously from the time the
train left Fargo until it returned. Eveyrthing pointed to
victory. On Tuesday evening, june 27, the last meeting
was held at Fargo, and the · next day the election took place.
Rains ·throughout the State cut down the vote somewhat and
undoubtedly · operated to the disadvantage of the League
. ticket. In spite of this, however, Mr. F razter received ·approximately 3000 majority over all his opponents combined.
The vote for each candidate was as follows. Usher· L.
Burdick, 23,362; j. H . Fraine (candidate for the ultrareactionaries), 9,780; Lynn j . Frazier, 39,246 ; George j.
Smith (candidate of a few country newspapers owned by
Smith), 2,981.
·
After the primary, the League carried on a regular educational campaign. There was no question as to the outcome in
the general election. The S tate being normally republican
by a two to one majority, the tremendous victory of the
League in the primary made the election of its candidates
·
·
a cinch.
The only office for which there was any contest was -the .
supreme court. There being no party designation permitted
for election to this office, the· Old Guard saw a chance of
electing at least one candidate. If one candidate could be
elected, the court would still reinain under the control of Big
Biz', as there were two hold-over members. If, however,
(Continued on Page 26)
\
�Page Fourteen
The
Western
Co-mrade
What Must"'We Do· To Make Socialism a Power?
A Symposium of State Secretaries
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. Those Copying Please Give Credit.
A. L. SUGARMAN, State Secretary, Minnesota Socialist Party
W
'
become
W
HAT the ·Socialist· party should do is to become, not a
HAT must the Socialist party do to
a power in
American politics? It must get ·out of politics, in the
. greater power in American politics, but a POWER.
ordinary sense of the word. A political campaign, in
With our present programs, platforms, proclamations and
my opinion, is merely a scheme by which we take a~antage
propaganda, . we are as impotent as a: little yellow dog, baying
of the interest the public shows in elections to pres nt the
principles of socialism, under the guise of . being as hig ' ly ex- at the moon. These things represent noise of much the same
cited over the prospect of sending men into public as are the character as blank cartridges, and while, like the small boy,
we may please ourselves with delusions of childhood, it imold gangs.
·
Not that we do not wish to put our comrades into power. poses on no one else.
Power! It is a "kingly word,'' as Jack London once reOf course this is desirable. But, in importance, this does not
begin to compare with the propaganda value of a campaign. marked, but who, with all the lessons of the past twenty years
of political striving, is fool enough to believe. that power will
The vital thing is to get socialism before the people.
For the reform will come in proportion to the rise in the ever come to the workers in quantity. sufficient to overthrow
socialist vote. Bismarck hated social ism, and yet gave the the capitalist system and establish on its ruins the co-operative
people of Germany a ll of the palliatives, in order to stem the commonwealth, solely through casting a ballot for the Socialist
rising socialist movement. And so the American capitalist party? Our naivety is most pitiful.
class will give the people a thousand
EMIL HERMAN. Secretary Socialist
remedial measures, just as fast as the
Party of Washington
,.
socialist vote justifies them .
H[ Socialist party is organized to
Consequently, it would appear to
HAT must be done to make
accomplish a certain definite purme that that the most needed advice
the Socialist Party a POWER
to the movement is that it should stick
pose, to achieve the emancipation of
in American politic:.? This is the
to fundamentals. By so doin g, it will
the working-class. To attain this end
vital question that a number of the
secure . for the people the little benefit
it is necessary for the working-class to
most prominent State Secretaries of
derived from "immediate demands,"
become conscious of the power it may
the American Socialist party atand at the same time will be building
wield through political and industrial
tempt to answer for the readers of
up a great body of revolutionary prosolidarity.
the Western Comrade. Why does
letarians, who will ultim ately be preTo become the dominant power in
the Socialist party stagnate while
pared to take over the world in the
American politics we must develop
the Socialist movement spread~
name of labor.
knowledge and efficiency sufficient to
phenomenally?
There must be
be able to cope with, and over-come
~omething
radically
faulty
with
our
W. H. HENRY, State Secretary
·all
of the political machinery of the
organization. This fault must be
Indiana Socialist Party
capitalist class.
corrected. What are YOU doing
The two important essentials, thereto solve this problem?
HE uncompromising position of
fore, are education and organization .
the Sociali·st party should be the
The latter will follow logically as a re.
sult o.f the former. We must educate
continued position, but we should try
to reach the farmer in the future more than we have in to develop· knowledge; we must organize to make the knowlthe past. It .is in my opinion a rather unsettled time to do edge effective.
other than plow right ahead with our work, as we are doing
Our lecturers and. organize rs should all qualify as
at the present time. Whe~r th~ war is over, the position the teachers of scientific Socialism-no others should be placed
party will 'be in will give us a great advantage over all partie ~ . in the field. Even in the heat of political campaigns our main
and then we should, I think, get together with cool heads purpose should be to teach Socialism to the workers and to
and work Ol,lt the best there is in our party brains--to the organize them to make it a fact.
end that Socialism in America may be able to reach and bring
Locals should be encouraged to organize study-clubs for
under its wings the great mass of humanity that rightly be- the study and discussion of Socialist fundamentals, current
long to us, a nd in most cases if rightly and properly ap- political and industrial events of importance to labor, and the
proached will be glad to become a part of our great party. principals of parliamentary practice.
At this time we must plow right straight ahead, and by all
In nominating candidates for office we should be careful
means keep our organization together and build greater its that no one is nominated except he be qualified for the duties
numbers till the light of reason again is able to enter the of the office he is to fill.
minds of the peop!e. I think it would be most unwise for
Socialist publications should, in alternate issues, devote at
any of our comrades to think of any great changes, or at least one column to some phase of the science of Socialism
least to even s'uggest any changes until sanity gets back on and the necessity for organized effort on the part of labor
the job. Our cause is too sacred to the welfare of labor to through the Socialist party.
allo\V anything to sway us from the path that leads to greater
Dues for membership in the Socialist party should be inunity and comradeship of the Socialist forces of America. Let ·c reased by I 00 per cent so as to make it possible to put into
us not be severed from our course by the distracting influences effect the program of education and organization as outlined
of the war-fever. Let us ignore governmental tyranny, and above.
exploit the possibilities now within our reach.
To sum up then: In order for the Socialist party to be-
W
T
I·
FRED IRISH, State Secretary, Maine Socialist Party
T
�The
West e rn
Page Fifteen
Comrade
come a power in American politics we need more knowledge, differences of a logical development from the majority plait
greater efficiency, better organization, and more money with obliged me to either support the action of the majority or
which to prosecute the work of educating and organizing . the · leave the party. My personal view was then and is now
that this division males the ~entral thing of the Socialist
working class for its et;nancipation.
party organization a question as to its attitude on the war,
E. F. ATWOOD, State Secretary, South Dakota
while the correct attitude, as I view it, would have been to
E ARE confronted by three facts: 1st, war; 2nd, in- rally the working force -of. the nation to the support of the
nation, but to insist that the war should be in reality a war
vasion of constitutional rights; 3rd, increasing severity
·
for democracy and 't hat as means to that end, our organized
of the struggle to live; with incidentally increasing fortunes energy be extended largely in seeing that the wealth of the
to a horde of greedy and traitorous speculators.
nation should pay the bill on no more favorable basis than that
Our aim is to win the world from capitalism to Socialism. given to workers in fighting the nation's battles.
.
War is the topmost fruit on capitalism's tree. Opposition is
As l view. things, the Socialist party's attitude would if sueuseless and even foolish; it is a waste of energy. The longer -cessful, divide the workers in two hostile camps and allow the
it continues, a nd the more the speculators oppress the peo- · shirkers a free hand to loot the nation. For this reason, I
pie, the more they drive them to seek a remedy. We have. the resigned as state secretary in june, left the party · and have
only peaceful remedy offered. This is also a statement of joined the Social Democratic league, and am now working
facts, not of principle!
with others for an ailiance of all the real progressive groups
With every constitutional right safe-guarded, we are still throughout the nation.
of the servant class, ruled by the master class, for the rulership by capitalists is much greater than that . by the political
C. B. LANE, Ex-Secretary, Socialist Party of Arizona
state.
F THE Socialist party is ever to become a ri>wer to be used
The only rea l issue before us is the class struggle a nd the
in the irtlterests of labor, it must maintain -a clear and disinculca tion of class consciousness.
Take advantage of the situation and of the wrongs that tinct policy, and not lose its identity in the conglomeration
of reform movements that is so atgrow from it to build up the Socialist
tractive. My faith in the efficaCY. of
party, not as opponents of war, not as
appealing to the reason of the w~rk
clamorers for rights, but as human
LL OF the State Secretaries
ing classes to vote themselves out of
beings who understand and who a re
who have contributed in this
bondage has undergone some serious
determi ned to capture and to use the
shakings the last two years. We seem
powers of gove rnment for the entire
symposium unanimously agree that
to be getting further along in a year
people, and not for any class.
there is something wrong with the
by the exigencies of militarism than
In South Dakota, on this idea. we
Socialist party. Most of them difby a decade of agitation by socialists.
have doubled our membership and
fer with respect to the nature of
Let us be less enthusiastic about
again doubled that, in five months.
this wrong a nd the method desired
And. we will double it several more
our program of imll)ediate demands.
to correct it. Is this wrong a superThe people are at present taking a
times.
ficial one? Or is it one tha t relasting lesson in socialism, given them
rollow the international :
quires a reyolutionary overhauling
by the experiences encountered in the
.. In the event w a r should come no h vi th ' tanJing the efforts of the Socialists to preof our party tactics? Many say
world-war. When capitalism has bled
vent it. then it becomes the July of the So . itself white by war, the people will
that the Socialist party does not
cia list s to work for its speedy termina tio n,
a utom atica lly accept socialism without
represent the working class. Does
anJ to use all the power at their command.
it?
the necessity of holding an election to
utilizing. the political and economic crisis produced by the war. ·in an effort to aro use the
demand it. The function of the Sodiscontent of the people so as to has ten the
cialist .party then will be only to point
a bolition o f the rule of the capitalist class."
the way to democratic management.
The weakest thing about the capitalist system is the small
The greatest work before the party today is the encouragenumber in the master class. It is absolutely foolish to try to ment of co-operative enterprises so that the working classes
impose our theories, while we a re the insignificant minority, may secure a n education in the management of industry. In
upon the master class. They will not do as we could do it this manner, when the opportunity arises, socialists will be able ·
through some o·ther orga nization . Let the Socialist party use to lead the way in the actual work of socialization.
every effort to get members, to educate them, and to end
THOMAS W. WILLIAMS. State Secretary,
capitalism by carrying elections, making laws and putting
Socialist Party, California
ca pitalists out of business, once for all, by inaugurating soHE Socialist party must abandon its program of negation.
cialism.
South Dakota dues last year averaged sorrie $50 per month .
discard the swaddling clothes of party infancy and enter
In 1917, May, $81.20 ; june, $143.20; july, $170.95;
the world's conflict with a constructive program and a posiAugust, $331.60. Not because of programs, but because tive message.
of the class struggle becoming better understood.
Political mud-slinging has had its day. A "ferninst the
government" policy in the United States is suicidal. The
GEORGE C.. PORTER, Ex-State Secretary,
people are the government.
·
Nebraska Socialist Party
We should stand squarely on the declaration of rights
WAS not in accord with the action of the majority at the St. enunciated in the Declaration of ledependence and · affirmaLouis convention or the approval of that report later by the tively proclaim the right of free speech, free press and peacemembership. The question appealed to me to be of such able assembly vouchsafed in the United States constitution.
Dissipate prejudice and disarm opposition by contending
fa r reaching importance as would not justify compromise on
my part. For two months after the convention I remained for constitutional law. Force the enemy on the defensive.
This extreme anti-war program and anti-draft agitation
in the party thinking that possibly that course might be justified in view of my own position being known as it was. Local
(Continued on Paae 19)
W
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Hotel building on the
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rooms. Guests can be
comfortably housed.
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Office building acquired by the (
There are six rooms in it and a go
caR be handled in a businesslike t
1\noth.r of the warehouses purrhased with
the Colony's Louisiana
Plantation which can be
used as a warehouse 01
lorn down and the luml>er used for building.
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the Louisiana Plantation.
Note the railroad and the
Tank
switch in front.
and waterworks in rear.
Woodland scene on Colony lan
general scenery is said to much 1
·sylvania. Many thousands of dollar
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This will he operated ih
a manner. similar to the
one a: Llan.o, California.
•
Colony with the Louisiana Plantation.
Business
ood safe is already installed.
manner tht're.
Concrete driers which
came with the Louisiana
Plantation. Photo taken
from interior of large
warehouse. These dricn
can be used for fruit and •
lumber driers.
d of· the Loui iana Plantation. The
oesemble that of the woods of Penns worth of timber are on this property.
One of the big warehoU$el purchased with
Louisiana Plantation. It
will save a vast amount
of labor aod contains
much lumber.
�Page Eigbtedl
The
Western ·
Comrade
Was Schmidt Guilty?
[This is the seventh installment of Comrad~ Job Harrim..;,·,
address in the trial of the Los Angeles dynamiting ca~.J
of Los Angeles. Their political and industrial campaign was
being conducted with energy and intelligence. Great numbers were being gathered to the unions and the political
~ETHER the eastern or the weste~n meth~ is correct, organizations. The power was appalling and the victory was
IS not for me to say.
I was mvolved m the · Los certain. You will remember that fifty thousand votes were
Angeles movement; I know its character and the cast for the labor · movement. The slogan was Los Angeles
methods pursued ; and I know that violence was not indulged first and Sacramento next. Every one knows that the powers
in nor encouraged; but that we had made up our minds to of government were practically in their grasp and that such
capture the powers of government by the ballot and to conduct movements are not violent but peaceable, not destructive but
our fight to the end along such lines. To that end and along constructiv-e in their methods. The hope of the moveme1it
those lines three hundred thousand dollars was spent. .
was never stronger than in that day and the despair of the
During the four years fight in the East only eighteen thou- enemy was never greater. The evidence showed that three
sand dollars was spent in their campaign of violence, if the hundred thousand dollars was spent in that strike and in the
evidence of the State is correct. A much cheaper campaign development of that great movement. That this money was
than was that in Los Angeles.
paid to those who are locked out and to the strikers in sums
This eighteen thousand dollars according to the State's of seven dollars a week. With this small pittance the men
evidence was paid to Ryan, Hockin, J. J. McNamara and bought the food, clothing and shelter for themselves and
Webb with J. B. McNamara and McManigal in the field. We families and entered into the struggle, with a determination
have no way to contradict this evidence. We have no money and enthusiasm to build up their unions. and capture the city,
to bring witnesses from the East. The state has had accord- that had never been equalled in any labor struggle in Aming to our best information, over a hundred thousand dol- enca.
Iars. This defendant has had only such amounts as his friends
In the face of this fact the prosecution made a futile effort
could raise. It has been a poverty trial from the beginning. to trace a thousand dollars from ). J. McNamara to 0. A.
The prosecution has had all the money it wanted. The defense T veitmoe. It is true that a check for that amount was sent
has not had one quarter as much as it absolutely needed. We by McNamara to 0. A. T veitmoe, but the check was endorsed
therefore have no means to bring the evidence to contradict by Gilson, Mr. Tveitmoe's secretary, and deposited in the
the testimony concerning the character of the eastern move- strike funds and forwarded with other money to Los Angeles
ment.
and accounted for in the disbursements to the strikers at
Suppose, however, the eastern campaign was one of vi- seven dollars a week. This was the only remaining link with
olence. Are each of you sure that you would not have acted which they endeavored to connect the western strike with the
as the McNamaras did, had you been confronted with the eastern struggle. There was absolutely no foundation in fact
same conditions? Was not that a war in fact? What is it for such a theory and it was explained so satisfactorily thar
one will not do for his life? Was the life of the organization the prosecution did not again refer to it.
Not only did the strike committee receive one thousand
not at stake? Were the wages of the men not dependent
upon the power of the organization? Suppose you were in dollars from McNamara's organization but it received similar
such a fight and the comfort of your family and of thousands sums and oftimes much more from almost all the other interof other families were at stake, and a billion dollar company national unions in the country. This fact forces us to t.:te conwas making war upon you with .the determined purpose of ~usion that if the McNamaras were involved in the Time.;
breaking your organization and forcing your wages do:wn. /~aster they did it on their own responsibility and entirely
would you strike back? If so, how hard would you stnke, without the knowledge or consent of the strike committee who ·
and what would you strike with ? Whether you endorse their manage the Los Angeles strike.
You men live in this community and so do I. I know what
course or not o~e should at least be charitable when he meets
With such cond1ttons.
the policy of the struggle was, and I am proud of it. If
Whatever ·may be your opinion of the eastern policy there tomorrow the same situation were present I would enter the
can be but one opinion as to the policy in the Los Angeles struggle again. Never in my life have I seen such self sacstrike of 1910.
rifice and such profound devotion to a cause as I saw in that
There was one fact that stood out in bold relief and that terrible struggle. Those who work only for fees and who will
fact was this. A four years' campaign in the East cost only not work unless the fees are forthcoming, cannot understand
eighteen thousand dollars. A six months' campaign in Lo~ the capable men who go into a movement and devote their
Angeles cost the vast sum of three hundred thousand dollars. lives to its interests for a meager consideration.
I am not saying that the spirit of our friend from
In the East there were a number of explosions destroying
a vast amount of property. In the West there was no violence Indianapolis is vicious ; but I do say that he neither knows the
whatever until one of the eastern men came, bringing his movement nor understands the spirit, the hearts or the minds
munitions of war with him, and did the work, if the disaster of those involved in the struggle. He speaks of the three
was caused by that means. The western movement was not hundred thousand dollars as though it were a tremendous
connected with the eastern movement and was not familiar sum. He forgets that it fed thousands of men for many
with its method.
months and supported a tremendous campaign. He forgets
There is not one word of evidence to show that the men that he has received five thousand dollars for only three
in Los Angeles were connected with the eastern campaign, months work in this case.
Mr. Noei- "I haven't got it yet.'
,: but all the facts show that their policies were altogether
different.
Mr. Harriman- "Well I hope you will never get it for you
The labor movement had practically captured the city of certainly have not earned it. You see Mr. Noel, it depends
San Francisco and had made up its mind to capture the city upon whose ox is being gored. The sum of money spent in
W
�The
Western
Comrad~
Paae N'meteen
the Los Angeles strike was three hundred thousand dollars.
The fight was started by the merchants and manufacturers.
Only a few hundred dollars would have been necessary for a They locked the men out. They refused to confer. They
campaign of violence. Is it not evident that the methods · said we have nothing to arbitrate. The fight is on. We ofpursued were peaceful and constructive?
fered to put the negotiations in evidence, but the letters and
It is true the reasons for the strike were the same. The proposed contracts were ruled out. I cannot therefore, state the
interests out of which both struggles arose were the same. terms to you. I am not permitted to tell you how fair the
They are the same in all strikes. In both cases the unions terms were . that the union men proposed. But I am perwere on one side and the Erectors association were on the mitted to read an ordinance fraught with the most villainous
other. They locked the men out in the East and they locked consequences of any law that ever stained the -pages of our
·
·
·
them out here. They were fighting for higher wages there legal lore.
and they were fighting for higher wages here. Wages and
'Upon the passage of. this ordinance the courts became
hours define the . battle line in every labor struggle.
instruments in their hands. The police power was -at their
Mr. Noel refers to this fact with a sneer and asks what was command. The state law, the state militia, and standing army
were all ready to enforce this little apparently insignificant
gained.
What was gained ? A complete victory was gained and it ordinance. With the powers of the city government in their
was worth all it cost in pain and suffering. Before the strike hands, they confronted the union men, not only with their
the union men worked ten hours a day for two dollars and own power, but also with the power of the city, the state and
twenty five cents. Now they work nine houri a day for the nation.
four dollars and fifty c-ents. That is what was gained. One
Up_to the time the ordinance was passed, there had been
hundred per cent raise in wages and one hour less work is no violence whatsoever. The men on the .picket. line were
the victory that was won. Do you think it was not worth the urging the non-union men to quit work, or not to take their
ftght? Ask the men who fou ght the fight. Ask their wives places, and to join the union. The success with which they
and their children. They will tell you better than I what a were meeting is best told by the ordinance which I will now
world of difference there is in such a raise in wages. Twelve read to you.
This ordinance was so construed that any conversation bedollars a week would scarcely clothe and feed them, but
twenty five dollars brings the comforts of life and with it the tween a union and a non-union man, within the city limits, even
though two miles from the place of employment, was held to
possibil ities of education, of culture and of refinement.
I saw the terrible fight and though I was not one of the be in the vicinity of the shop and therefore a violation of the
strikers. yet I feel that I was one of them, and if it were ordinance. I tried many of the cases and I know that this was
necessary I would go through it again to gain as much. You the construction put upon the law.
Immediately upon the passage of the law~ over four hunwill remember that the merchants and manufacturers were
on one side with all their social, political, and economic in- dred men were arrested. The jails were full to overflowing.
fl uence, while the unions, in the beginning stood practically
I"Was Schmidt Guilty" began in the May issue. Back numben
ten cents a copy. I
alone. The merchants and manufacturers were in control of
the city government. They controlled the city government
and knew how to use the city courts to their advantage.
This is no guess nor mere assertion. With these facts I
(Continued from Page 15)
am more familiar than is our friend from Indianapolis. Let
me read to you an ordinance that was passed during that _strike ha10 borne its fruit. It has well-nigh throttled the entire party
and you will see the cloven hoof and the fiendish purpose of actiVIty. It has brought the party nowhere except in jail,
those by whom it was enacted.
with a suppressed press, raided headquarters and outlawed
Before this ordinance was passed it was argued night af- propaganda. The party is exactly where some of us preter night before the city council. The representatives of the dicted it would be when it adopted the St. Louis program.
tabor organizations were on the one side and the attorney Most of the energy of the national office at the present time
for the merchants and manufacturers, Earl Rogers, who also is taken up in disavowing the intent of the resolution on war
acted for them before the grand jury, was on the other.
and militarism.
They were losing ground rapidly and the unions were as
Cease to feed on misfortune or rejoice in unequal con-..
rapidly gaining. Every thing had been peaceable up to that flict with capitalistic in'lrigue. Become leaders in the world
time, and the union men felt that their victory was certain. activities, not barking Nice dog.
The notorious anti-picketing ordinance brought on the crisis.
The ascendency of class ·is not the goal of Socialism.
With it the courts and the police force of the city were con- "Abolition of class' must be its watchword. "Struggle for
verted into an engine in favor of the merchants and the man- place and power" must give way before the slogan "abolition
of privilege."
ufacturen;.
Cease to deal with effects ..and institute cause. Build the
Night after night the argument proceeded but from the
beginning the entire council sat in the balance on the side of new order and the old will pass away.
the merchan ts and manufacturers. Every night, yes, every
Given capitalism and the selective draft law is legitimate.
minute spent in argument before them was absolutely wasted. Granted the profit system and war is justifiable.
The ordinance was passed as an emergency ordinance. There
The remedy for war is not anti-war, anti-government agiwas no emergency except to retrieve the losses of the mer- tation but the enactment of laws which will abolish the cause
chants and ma nufacturrs. They knew what a failure meant. of war. The cure for the compulsory draft is not individual
They knew well enough what it meant to pay four dollars resistance but the abolition of capitalism.
Here in California we are trying to outline a propaganda
and fifty cents a day for nine hours, instead of two dollars
and twenty fi ve cents for ten hours work. They ~aw the along these lines. Cameron H. King of San Francisco has
stream of wealth being diverted from their coffers to the drafted a proportional representation election law which
pockets of the producers. There is no use of closing our eyes is now in the hands, of the printer. It will be in cirto this fact. This strike like all strikes arose over wages and culation shortly to place same on the ballot next year.
hours. The conflict of interest was the cause of that class Under this measure groups will have representation in the
war, as it i$ always the cause.
(Continued on Page 28)
Making Socialism a Power
�Page Twenty
The _, Western -
T.he Story of A Night
Comrade
By Mary AileD
Written Specially For the Weste.m Co~~rade. Those Copying Please Give Cred-it.
~IS IS the story of a memorable night, lived by Joan and . began to unload our camp supplies. "You can begin learn-'
J
~eter and faithfully recorded next day in the diary of
Joan.
The feeling came over me a little while .pdore we reached
our first camp. For weeks and weeks I had been dreaming
of this trip with Peter, ~nd now with my dream come true
the strangest, gauntest, lonesomest, sickest feeling came over
me-l couldn't tell whether it was in my heart or my stomach!·
It grew worse and worse. I thought the long, dark shadows ·
which were creeping up the side of the mountains might .have
something to do with it, or the deep 'silence of the woods.
Not a sound could be heard, except the murmur of the pine
trees as they swayed softly back and forth, and the beat,
beat, of our horses hoofs as they plodded up the trail. All
day we had been winding up, up, from the valley into . the
hills and the thick of madrone and live oak trees, then on
until the trail was a lmost invisible on the carpet of pine needles.
Peter had arranged the whole journey, our departure from
San Fran cisco the day before, our night at Duos Rios ranch
with Peter's old friends, our marriage in the early morning
at the ranch ·house which now lay so far below us, and this
our horseback trip into the heart of the San Hedrin mountains. How happy I had been! How lightly, how gladly I
had left all behind to go with Peter! And now as we wound
upward Peter said,
" It's almost time to make camp." And the shadows tremendously long and the murmur of the pines -more audible, and
the ai r took on the chilliness of a mountain evening, and
then--something went wrong inside of me. My gladness
fluttered out like a candle.
_
The trail made a sharp turn and we were wrapped by the
darkening shadow.
"Here's a bully camping spot," Peter said. "This is far
enough for one day's trip, little partner."
I started to dismount and Peter reached up and pulled me from the horse and 'n~ld ine a moment before setting me
on my feet. And in that moment my strange sensations took
a perfectly definite turn. I knew exactly what was the matter with me.
I hated Peter.
I hated Peter!
Yes, it was as bad as that. Not only did I no loriger
love him- I HATED him!
And here I was- trapped! Married! Alone!
Right then I began planning a divorce. And my people
are Episcopalians, too. So that shows to what a pass I had
come. But I could not be divorced here. And in the meantime-Jl •
Oh. why, why, had I ever married? And wiat was I to
do? How could a girl's nature so change in a fe~hours? To
love a man in the morning and hate him in the evening!
There was only one answer. I was a poor, base, fickle excuse of a woman!
All this flashed through my mind in the short space it
took for Peter to lift me from the horse. Then he stooped
'" Ieiss me. I squirmed from his grasp. Peter looked at me
iri astonishment.
'~Right, 0," he said slowly, and started to turn away.
could not look up. My lips were beginning to quiver.
Peter hesitated and I could feel him looking me through
an? through. Finally he spoke iri a cheerful, · matter-of-fact .
VOICe.
'_'I'll get supper tonig}lt." He turned to the pack-horse and
ing to cook in the morning." I had told him that I wanted
to commence that part right away, as I am very inexperienced.
There was · something so comforting and practical about
Peter as he busied himself unsaddling the horses, whistling in
the meantime, that I almost stopped hating him. The horses
attended to, he began gathering together a pile oJ logs. It
was · the first night I had ever spent in the open and I felt
very awkward as I tried to be useful, but Peter said I would
learn in a night or so.
When he began to get supper the load came back and
rested still more heavily on my heait. It was' quite dark
now save for the glow of the logs in the great fire. While
he was busy at one .end of the. fire placing the coffee pot in
a bed of coals, I crept softly away.
When I came back in my load was heavi~r still.
For now it rested upon my conscience as well as my heart.
What would Peter say when he found out?
"Dinner is served, Madame," Peter ann_o unced flourishing
·
.
a long spoon.
I sat down cross-legged in the firelight, on one side of
the box which served· as our table. I don't know what we
had to eat. It did not impress itself upon my mind. .
"Aren't you going to brag on the cook?" Peter said in an
injured tone.
"Everything's fine," I managed to say feebly. I saw his
sharp eyes upon me and I choked down a bite of something·.
After that I pretended to eat while all the time I slyly threw
wpat food I could behind me. I suppose I used poor judgment, for the next thing Peter said was,
"Are you sure you're masticating your food properly, Joan ?
I know this air is bracing, but the fourth slice of bread in
three minutes- really now- "
Did he know? And was he poking fun at me? He looked
very sober, but you can't always tell about Peter. Sometimes
he calls me Miss Slow- no, Mrs. Slow.
He had not tried to kiss me again, but he was very cheerful.
He washed the dishes and I dried them. Then he started fo r
the bundle of bedding to arrange it for the night. He was
whistling when he __ started. The whistle stopped short for
a few minutes. Then it started again, this time higher and
a trifle louder. He came back to where I was sitting. I was
as cold as ice. He sat down by me and took my hand.
"Which one is intended for me, Joan?" he asked.
I could not speak, just pointed.
"Well, you've made them all wrong," he said. "Come,
I'll show you. You should have put more blankets underneath, and in dividing them you have been too generous with
me. I'm used to sleeping out."
He rearranged the blankets. "There. That's better. Now
let's sit by the campfire awhile."
All my love came welling and surging back. It was most
remarkable! I looked around at the trees, standing like
guard beyond the flickering firelight and at the stars shining
down with their beautiful friendly light and I wondered how
I could have thought the forest lonely. For now it seemed as
though it would wrap me in its very arms. Wildly, madly
happy, and very contrite, I wanted to nestle close, close to
Peter and tell him ail about it. :
"Peter," it finally came out, "there's something
feel I
ought to tell you."
"Yes?" he said.
�'
The.
w~.t~rn
Comrad~
Page Tw~nty-one
"~mething strange and terrible happened_ to me this
At first I could not rec~ll where I was. Then it came back
evenmg.
to me. that Peter and I were married. Yes, there was Peter
"Yes?" he said again.
roll_e~ up in his blankets sound asleep! How wonderful; ho~
::For awhi1e I tho~ght I didn't love you!"
dehc1ously wonderful, to have Peter sleeping so near me!
That was queer.
· Always it would be like this. I would wake to find Peter!
"I-I-Peter, I thought I hated you!"
But .I must sleep or I would not be rested for our trip
"As bad as that?"
1
tomorrow! · Five days we were to be on our journey, camp"Yes. I have to t_ell it all. I made up my mind to get ing in a different· spot every night. I settled ·down in the
a divorce!"
blankets and closed my eyes. But there was a ·rock or
..So Soon?"
littl~ lump of dirt.- or pine cone under my hip which kept
"Yes. What could have been the matter with me?" ·
gettmg larger and larger. I turned over and was quite
"An aggravated case of faminine psychology- p~rhaps, comfortable for about five minutes. · Then another lump
found most often among Anglo-Sax.ons." ·
·
sprang up li'ke a mushroom against my shoulder blade. I
"What?'
moved again only to find another lump. It was strange. The
"We dont care what was the matter as long as you got ground with its thick covering of P.ine needles had looked so
·
soft the evening before.
over it. See the picture in the fire, joan."
After that our wedding evening was just as I had dreampt it.
"It's an enchanted forest, ... I thought, drowsily, "and I have
.When I had gone to bed, Peter came and tucked me· in and made my bed on some fairy's play-ground. She's getting
.
sat by me awhile longer. Finally he said good-night and revenge."
tm ued to go. There was something very dreary looking about
Then I became conscious of something else. The cold was
his back.
. creepi~g into my blankets. It was not an honest, gentlemanly,
"Peter! "I called after him. He turned quickly. ·
cold; 1t was a sly, sneaking, thief of a chill that came crawling
"Come close, Peter. I haven't hurt your feelings, have I?" out of the ground, stealing aro_und my body and into my bones.
"Not a bit."
I curled myself into a little ball, but it did not help. I
"You must understand, Peter- you must see- it's this stretched out straight and that was worse. I quickly «urled
way-" I was quite breathless, so I swallowed and started up again.
He didn't know I was uncomfortable. I wished I knew more
again . "You see, I've never been married before-and it
goes kind of hard with a girl!"
about husbands;' What were they like when wakened suddenly ·
"I see," he answered. "And I've never been married be- in the middle of the night? Of course, ordinarily Peter is the
fore- and it goes kind of hard with a fellow! So we'll just kindest, best fellow in the world; but, after all that didn't
do the best we can, and I'm pretty sure it will all come out prove everything! We had a dog once who was very good
right."
natured, but he would snap like anything if disturbed when
'Til--do- just- as- you- say, Peter" I whispered. "I love . sleeping! Not meaning of course that Peter would snap! I
you that much." ·
shuddered and felt ashamed of my revolting comparison. But
"Well, then, just be yourself. And don't worry. Now go it showed that I couldn't tell just what Peter might do before
to sleep. You'll find the ground pretty hard first night out, he became thoroughly awake. I loved Peter-anything, anybut you'll get used to it."
thing he might do now would not keep me from loving him.
So once more we said good-night.
But I would not waken him and tell him I was cold and
I could barely see Peter lying in the flickering light of miserable.
the fire. He was so still I thought he had gone right to
Then a happy thought struck me. I would slide my bed
sleep. Suddenly he gave a toss.
closer to the fire. Perhaps the ground would not be so hard
"Joan!" he called.
and uneven there and I could get warm.
"Yes, Peter! "
I crept out of bed very cautiously and moved the blankets
"I just wanted to say that of all the unnatural, abnprmal, so that my feet would be close to the big ·red log. Then I
perverted, creatures on the face .of the· earth, there's nothing rolleq. the blankets about me once more.
Yes, it was much more comfortable. It was just like having
to equal a dear, sweet, innocent girl! I just wanted to say
a hot water bottle against my feet. I dozed off.
tha.t !"
"Yes, Peter," I said meekly.
I woke with a start. My feet were down-right hot!
''I'm going to bring up my daughters differently!"
Gracious heaven! My blanket~ were on fire!
I jumped up and managed to smother the flames by rolling
"Yes, Peter," I said again.
the top of the blankets over onto the burning edge. I moved
After that he went right to sleep.
But for a long time I would not go to sleep. I wanted to with the greatest care in spite of my excitement. My blankets
live over the day and have waking dreams of the future. were rums.
No.w: what should I do? Peter was selfish to lie there so
Gradually I grew drowsy. The soft rustling and cracklings
outside the magic circle of our fire, the fall of the embers comfortably while I was suffering!
Well, maybe I could manage. I'm not very long, and
from the burning logs, the murmur of the pine trees, the
comfortable munch, munch of the horses, soothed and lulled there was a piece of blanket that seemed to be free from
me into a state, half sleep, half a strange, waking ecstacy. burns. As I crept in and tried to wrap it around me, I hoped
.The tree tops swaying so gently seemed to be whispering it wasn't smutty. But I had to risk that. There were worse
friendly things, nice little secrets meant just for me. They things than a little smut! I crawled down to rpake it cover
seemed to creep softly down close to me and whisper, whisper, my shoulders, and my feet stuck out. I crawled up a little
as if they had something very special that they wanted me and my shoulders stuck out. .It was like the gaines I used to
to know. But they could not make me understand. They play- sometimes my feet were "it," sometimes my head.
tried and tried but their language was different from mine Wedding trips were frightful .things! I would never take
and they could not make me under~tand. So they went sadly another!
I was shivering by this time and intensely miserable. How
away, and I woke to find myself whispering "Don't go!
Please don't go!" before I realized it was only a fantasti<; warm and comfortable Pefer looked! He was selfish. He
(Continued on Page 28)
dream.
�Page Twenty-two
The
Western
Comrade
Tlie Peo_ple's Council
What It Is and What It Stands For!
By Scott Nearing, Chairman.
WHAT IT IS
statement of the local or national issues upon which they
HE People's Council movement is a lo al, national ~nd can agree. · The statement of common issues, when it is made,
international federation of the forces that are workmg will provide a min_imum working program upon which the
liberals and radicals can unite their forces, stand toge.ther
for democracy and peace. It arose out of th~ crisis th?t
and fight the issues to a successful conclusion.
.
came with the great war; it has played a leading part m
Each
of
the
organizaiions
sending
delegates
to
the.
People's
the establishment of the Russian Republic; it is active in ·
England and F ranee; it has gained a firm foothold i:n the coun<;il will, of course, carry on its own work in its own
way, but ali will unite in working for the common minimum
United States notwithstanding the efforts made by the forces
program upon which all have a~reed.
of reaction to destroy it.
Its next move-organization. . For the immediate preThe People's Council is growing in spite of the immense
sent, we propose four lines of activity,'·
odds arrayed against it. The Council . was prevented by !he
(a) We are circulating hundreds of thousands of the
authorities in three states from holdmg a full convention
"Referendum Peace Delegates Ba llot". Advise ~the national
during the first week of September, 1917; neverth~less it
office · how many of these ballots you can use to advantage
completed an organization. The Council has been demed the
·
and we shall send them to you.
use of the mails, except for first class matter; nevertheless
(b) We have opened a Washington office and propose to
its message is being scattered broadcast by zealous m~n ~nd
assemble there, at the earliest possible moment, a strong workwomen in all parts of the country. Every mouthpiece of
ing body from the organizations constituting the People's
privilege, vested wrong and reaction has reviled and decouncil.
nounced us; nevertheless the choicest spirits of the country
(c) We must send a delegation or mission to Rusiia ,
are ioining our ranks.
England and F ranee with instructions to establish co-operaThe movement is growing; growing rapidly; growing betive relations with the Workmen's and People's councils in
cause it is getting the support of the leading liberal and radical
those countries.
elements of the country ; growing because it has a message
(d) We must push the work of organizing local_ councils
to deliver and a work to do for the people of America and of
with the idea of having 1,000 local counc1ls estabhshed bethe world.
fore the congressional election in November. 1918.
If there is a local council in your town, join it. If there
IT
STANDS
FOR
WHAT
is no local council, organize one. A letter to the Organizing
Its object-political and industrial democracy. The Peo- Secretary, addressed to the national office will bring you sugple's council is one among many organizations that is work- gestions and literature.
. .
ing toward "equal opportunity for life, liberty and th_e p~r
Beginning with first of the year, all local counCils 111 good
suit of happiness, and therefore toward the extermmatlon standing will pay to the national office a pro rata yearly
of special privilege by means of the public control of all assessment for the work of the national office. Until that
public business, economic as well as political.,
. .
democratic plan of finance is operative, the Peop!e's c~uncil
Its purpose- united action. The People s cound differs needs ten thousand men and women who are sufficiently mterfrom many organizations that are working for the same ob- ested in its work to pay $1 down and pledge a dollar a month
jects, in that its purpose is to secure united action am~ng for ten months.
the champions of progress by providing a common mee_tmg
If the fight which the People's council is making for democground for all of the liberal and radical forces in Amenc~n racy and peace is worth twenty five cents a week. e~ery reader
life, and through our relations with similar m~vements m of the Western Comrade will send h1s name and h1s dollar to
Russia, England, France and other foreign countnes, to make the national office, 138 West 13th street, New York City.
common cause with the forward-looking people of the world.
The forces of reaction are tied together in a world-wide
organiz~tion. If the forces of progress are to win, they too
must have the strength that comes only with united effort.
Liberals and radicals differ in theory and differ in method.
Ye say to us, 'tis we who feed the world :
yet there are many things like the maintenance of free spe~ch
Ye give us loud enjoining of our task;
and a free press; making wealth pay for the war; free1_ng
Ye scruple not the boon of boons to askthe land for the people; democratizing industry; and mamOur toil's allegiance to a flag unfurled.
taining social and economic justice, upon which all liberals
and radicals agree. It is the purpose of the People's council
Hear then our cry, in righteous anger hurled
to discover these points of agreement, and to unite the forces
Upon the easeful ones who blink and bask
behind a program that will ~ealize them in the life of the
Within the halls of greed, who wear the mask
community.
Of truth, yet are as waiting adders curled :
Its policy-a minimum program. The People's coun_cil
How shall we serve if ye possess the land?
will not be a partisan organization. It will aim to estabhsh
a common meeting-place for the liberal and radical partisans
How long shall we be herded like the kine
of the country. The Council expects to have in .every comWith mete and bound an·d harsh dividing line?
munity, a local People's council; in each state a state counWithout the soil, what use the willing hand?
cil, and for the country, a national council, composed, respecIf then your words be aught but mouthings vain,
tively, of the representations from all -of the liberal and radiRestore our rightful heritage again!
cal forces in the community. The Council proposes that these
delegates shall meet locally and nationally, and work out a
-Richard Warner Borst.
T
The Challenge of the Tillers
�The
We ster n
Comrade
Page Twenty-three
The Principles of Money
I
By Clinton Bancroft
Written S,>ecially For the Western Comrad~ _ Those Copying Please Give Cref:lit.
SSUING mediums of exchange is properly a government changes; but its commodity character, its intrmstc value,
function. But as the full exercise of that function is es- forever prevents its becoming money. It is a circulating
sential to the industrial welfare of a corltmunity, in so far barter, a current commodity, but not money. Its circulating,
as the government fails to perform \t, the individuals of the representative ·value is forever mingled and confused with its
community are frequently forced to resort to more or less ef- intrinsic value. It th~,~s becomes a · measure of value and a
fective methods of performing it for themselves; and as the measure, that is false and vicious because no one can tell
function is best performed socially, there is always manifested how. far its circulating value and how far its commodity value
a tendency among individuals to associate themselves tog~ther is operating its meaurements. Measuring value is no proper
for the purpose of performing it. Banking corporations, function of money ; that which it represents may do so, but
stock exchanges, boards of trade, clearing houses, labor ex- money may not except in such representative capacity.
changes, are all evidences of this tendency on the part of Money can only represent value, nothing more and nothing
individuals to get together and handle in an associate way, less than that. This principle cuts out of the definition of
and place the associate stamp of genuineness upon bills, money everything_that possesses· value in itself.
notes, stocks, bonds, certificates and other representatives
The second principle declares that the sole and only ·
of value issued by the individuaL But the result of such in- function of money is to identify the ownership of value.
dividu al or associated effort at performing a government func- But in performing that function it follows ownership, and in
tion can never equal the results of government effort. That following ownership it becomes a medium for exchanging
is, other thin gs being equal, any representative of value which among men the ownership of values. This last, a result of
the government has stampted as genui ne and approved must its function, has come to be popularly reg~rded as the funcalways exceed so stamped by private
tion itself. There are critics who up·
individuals or corporations, when all
hold that popular error, and maintain
purposes a re considered . But for very
that the purpose of the function has
HE SOLE and only function of
many purposes that stamped by the
been mistaken for the function itself;
that the function of money is to serve
latter may be as commercially useful
money is to identify the ownerand valuable as that stamped by the
as a medium of exchange, and that the
ship of value. In performing that
· purpose of that function is to identify
government.
function it follows ownership, and
ownership. But as this article aims
These principles are stated for the
it becomes a medium for exchangonly at establishing the principle that
purpose of emphasizing the fact that
ing among men the ownership of
the banks of the co-operative banking
the purpose of money is to identify the
ownership of value, it- matters nor
commonwealth i~ establishing a new
values. This last, a result of its
whether they call its doing so the funcsystem of responsible banking and exfunction, has come to be popularly
tion or the purpose of the function.
change are only conforming to a comregarded as the function itself. The
This second principle, that the primary
mercial and industrial necessity that is
banking system of the co-operative
function of money is to identify the
being forced upon them as it is upon
commonwealth will be based purely
ownership of values, and therefore beother industrial and commercial bodies
comes a medi·um for exchanging those
by the failure of the government to do
oney j
on the natural tendency of m_
values, directly depends upon and
what it ought to do. They will issue
to represent value.
flows from the the first principle laid
their media of. exchange protecting for
down- that money is simply and
the reasons given, that they ought not
solely a representative of value; for
to be compelled to exercise such
a function a nd decla ring that their only purpose in doing if money simply represents value, then its natural purpose
so is to supplement, so far as they can, the insuflicieni volume would seem to be to represent that value to some one and
of government medium; and the methods they will adopt thus identi fy the owtiership of that value. Upon these two
of supplementing the insufficient supply of government money principles the money of the future will .be based, and upon
is again simply to do what the government ought, but has them the banking system of the co-operative commonwealth
failed to do, namely.. to furnish the people opportunities for will be built so far as circumstances and conditions will permit. To establish the soundness of these principles it is only
mediumizing the real values they may possess.
To understand why the government should be the only necessary to trace the history of the birth and growth of
issuer of money, it is necessary to understand the principles money. Let us look at that a moment.
The ownership of value can be identi~ed in two ways
upon which the money of the future will be based. These
princiP.les are two in number and simple in statement. The only, by its legal, actual possession, or by the legal posses·
first, is that money should be solely and only a representative sion of that which represents it. In ancient times the forof value, not a value itself. and therefore in no true sense mer method was practically the only method. Actual, law·
a measure of value. It should represent only. It should stand ful possession was necessary to identify ownership. He who
for, it should reflect, it should represent value, but it should wished to establish his legal ownership to things had to show
possess none. If it possesses value in itself it is a commodity actual. legal possession. It was not a very satisfactory
and the transaction in which it is used is a barter and not a method, for legal possession in those rude times was not alsale. If it possesses value it can not be money; it can never ways easy to hold nor easy to prove; but it was the only way
be aught but a commodity, and its commercial use never . they knew and they had to conform to it. If men wished
anything but barter. All the conventions and agreements to exchange with each other ownership of things of value,
from Adam to the Millenium , and all the government stamps they could only do so by a witnessed exchange of actual
of the world can never make money out of a commodity. possession. Whether these things were chattels or land made
It may be called money, a nd it may be used to facilitate ex{Continued on Page 29)
T
I
�Page Twenty-four
Th-e
Problems
W .. • I e r n
Co m r a d e
By .Walter Thomas Mills
A Game of Chance for the Chance to Live
(Written Specially for Western Comrade.) .
activity in -connection with the referendum measures to be
T HAS been seen m the previous articles that only -by supported in the next election, and the organization of the
the union of the trades--unionists, the co-operators, the new committee _work so that at the earliest possible moment
farmers and the Socialists, is there ·a possibility of deliver- there may be nine people in the State each with a Ford car
ance for the workers.
dnd each giving his whole time and his best energies to
It has also been seen that in this struggle for deliverance - the promotion of the particular economic interests of the
as in the daily task of ma-king a living, the work of organiza- group which has elected him and which g~oup alone will
tion and management is the great~st task of all.
have the power to instruct or recall.
The question this time is : How can effective organization
The party now has two Ford machines, neither one of
and management be secured in this struggle for deliverance? which is now in the party service.
just recently the StalP. Federation of Labor, the coThe party has a membership of 2500. It has has a vote of
operative societies and _the farmers' organizations of the State I00,000. There ought to be a party membership of I0.000
of California met in conference. The purpose of the con- straight away and of 25,000 before the next election . The
ference was to consider what public measures all of these additional Ford machines and the additional workino force
organizations could unite in supporting and to create a joint can at once make this party mean something in the ec~nomic
body to undertake the furtherance of the measures agr~ed battles of the future.
upon.
There must be harmony of action with the newly-orga nized
The conference was representative
joint committee of the trades unions.
of all these interests and the State
the co-operative societies and the
Federation of Labor interrupted its
farmers' organizations. But the action
lllllllllllllll!lllllllllll!llllllllr,llllllll!llllllll!llllllllllllllli:IIIIIIIIIJIIIJIIII:UIIIJIIIIII'II'IIIIIII!IIIJIIJ
regular annual meeting to provide the
must not be simply harmonious. It
time and place for its proceedings.
must be effective.
A joint committee of twelve from
What has all this to do with the
THE Socialists of California
each of these groups, that from the
"Game of Chance for a Chance in
have ceased to argue that they
trades unioRs, the coo-perative socieLife?"
ties and the farmers' unions. was apare the political repre~entatives of
Heretofore in air the great movepointed.
ments involving the opportunity to
the working class and have created
The committee will meet at an early
have and to use the means of life.
a form of state organization which
day and adopt such ~easures as all
these movements have all the time .
1
can agree to support ana 1t ts conbeen more or less games of chance.
can be nothing else than a party of
fidently believed that whatever meaThe grangers built a great farmers
the workers and which will need no
sures these three committees can agree
movement.
It was disrupted by polion will be instantly adopted and supresolutions_ to make it such.
ticians who used their positions in lhe
ported by the Socialists of California.
~tate to destroy very largely the efWith this union of interests there
llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllll!lllllllllllllll
ficiency of that organiz;ation in the
can be but one outcome. The useful
w:ork which it undertook at the beginpeople of California will take over the
nmg.
management of affairs in their own
The Knights of Labor, with only
behalf.
a few years run , while at its height accomplished more
At the same time this is going forward, it -should be noticed progressive things in behalf of labor than was ever accomthat the So~ialists of the Sta.t e have ceased to argue that plished before or since in so brief a period.
they are the representatives in politics of the working clasi and
But the clash of interests. not at all economic in thei r charhave created !l form of stale organization which can be acter and having no rational place in a labor organization,
nothing else than a part of the workers and which will need tore that organization into shreds in the hour of its greatest
no resolutions to make it such-.
possibilities.
The Populist party was primarily a farmers' movement.
Now, each of the nine great industrial or occupational
group in the State elected its own State organizer and these The Knights of labor, which had helped to create this party,
organizers at once become the only State Committee.
went on the rocks and the Bryan Democrat~ took over the
The State Committee just going out of office was made farmer cause to serve it with a single measure entirely temup of most capable and devoted comrades, but I am told that porary in its benefits had it been victorious. But it went to
none of them were members of any trade union or other defeat and to disaster.
industrial or occupational organization.
The Socialist Labor party commanded at one time the
The printers, the transport workers, the farmers, the build- respect and the support of a very large and capable following trades, the office employees, the miners and the factory ing, but the struggle between factions-nei_ther one of which
workers are all represented by those who are members of was representative of any great economic interest- made of
their own trade organizations and the professional workers the party a lingering group of dogmatic converts serving anyand the house wives are represented by persons of long years thing but the definite, immediate interests of any body of
of service in the occupations which they represent.
workers.
It may be that all this only fortells the probable outcome of
The new committee of organizers is to meet soon and the
most serious tasks before them are these two,-the party's
(Continued on Page 29)
I
0
0
�The
Western
Comrade
Co-operation the World Over
N o t e s A b o u t t h e C h i e f C o - o p e r a t i .v e s G l e a n e d f r o m M a n y S o u r c-e s
The
Socialist Exchange
The Socialist Exchange was es tablished January 16. 1914 and is now
finishing its third year. Its founders were all members of the Socialist
party. The original idea in starting the o rganization was to establish
a co-operative through which members could benefit both financially and
in an educational way. Educationally. the institution has been an unqualified success.
In order to become a member . of the Exchange. one must be a member of the Socialist party in good standing. A membership in the exchange costs $5.00. which amount is all that any one person may invest:
There is no stock. no system of shares. no interest, no dividend and no
wage. We are selling on a basis of ten per ceni. all money over and
above expenses going back into the business.
The store is open twice a week. on Wednesdays from seven to nine
p. m.. and o n Saturdays from one to nine p. m. One manager and
eight assistant-managers are regularly elec ted . Everybody must clerk.
A schedule hangs in the store at all times which shows when and how
lon g the respec tive members must work.
We do all our business by credit cards. no cash bein1 handled. The
goods come in denominations o f $1. $2. $3. $5 and $10. The cards
are consec utively numbe red from one to so many thousands and each
se ri es has a different color.
There is always an assis tant manger
at the desk who sell cards and who. debits the ca rds as the customers
bring in their bills always in duplicate. The system gives us a simple record of everything we do. We h ave but one book for our bookkeeping. The fir st item is for the credit-cards sold during the day;
the second item is the bills paid: the third item is the sales to the
members. This gives us a complete record of each days work.
When selling c redit cards. the name of the purchaser, the number
of the card and the amount purchased go down in the book.
Havin g to run a store in addition to the occupation of making a living
is a rather strenuous job. Therefore, we had to simplify matters as
much as possible.
We sell groceries, dry goods, furniture, carpets, rugs . and jewelry.
, In fa c t. we sell every thing except shoes and hats. We have connections
wit h large wholesale houses. We also sell coal in carload lots direct
to the consumer. Three to five householders combine. order a car,
get teams, a nd unload the car.
We have saved a good sum of money in that way.
We also have a tailor shop in which we make suits and overcoa ts to
ord er. All of our clothing has the union label. We sell our clothes to
eve rybody and especially to those li ving in the rural districts.
Our advertisement h as appeared in the American Sociali••
We are making the tailor clothes for the American Co-operative Associa tion, which is the busine.s department of the American Society of Equity,
the big farmers on10n.
I am now making arrangements with a large house to sell ready-made
boys' and men's suits.
In· th e fall "e buy potatoes in car lots and distribute them. We also
sell ap1J~, and honey in Ja, ge quantities, thereh:y saving ourselves money.
In our by-laws, we h ave a provision whereby members can deposit
money in the store in any amounts they wish. They cannot, however,
draw ou t .more than $5 a week unless they give the manager thirty days'
notice . We also have a · provision that when a member dies, all the
profits tha t .have accumulated through his purchases may be drawn out.
By thdt I mean that if such purchases . amounted to $400. according to
the last inventory which has been tak.n, tha t amount in. profits can be
ta ken out. The same holds true if a member becomes sick or is out
of "'crh. The .uana ger appo ints a comm ittee to investigate into all these
condi tions, and if u.c committee reports favorably, then the member
secures his share of the profits.
In writing this, I do not wish to imply that our enterprise has been
a bnlliant success from the very beginning. It has not. People have
not yet Leen educated to the point where they can appreciate the co·
operative system of doing business. At times we become disheartened .
But our membership at the present writing is staunch and tried and will
stick.
Rememher. that only members may buy in our store. In other words,
it is a closed shop.
F. G. HACHENBERGER. Manager,
Machinist Local, No. 478
Pic k f- Your
Man age r
It is a peculiar and significant fact that nearly all the co-operative
stores that have failed within the vicinity of New York during the past
three years were organized and managed by experienced busineu men.
One of the most miserable failures was that of a store under the management of a high-priced professional buyer.-Co -operative League of
America.
Association a Power
Association is the master word of modern days; it is the key to
efficiency, power and tquality.
Corporations are associations of capital for its profit; labor unions
are associations for the profit of its members; co-operative associations
are for the prof1t of all the people who choose to associate.
·
Co-operative asoociations fqr business economize cost, prevent sharp
.practice, assure honest goods and weights. There is no private profit
in. CO·OP.eartive business-therefore no temptation to be unscrupulous
The people own · the bu!iness and, strangely enough, refuse to cheat themselves. The members elect theit directors and the latter employ the help
to do the work as the stockholders and directors in a bank do. There
is this difference, however: /he officers in a bank make all the money
they can and pay it os dividends on the · stock; · the managers of a cooperative association sell as cheaply as possible, turri the profit to the
customer, and give the >tockholder only .the interest.
·
When . co-operation becomes general, there will be no great private
fortunes, no involuntary povuty, no international trade rivalry, and, therefore, no war. Co-operation will turn the economic ancl social intre.sts of
the world into the channels of peace and good-will.-The Nelson Cooperative Association, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Results Abroad
Co-operation ha• paid in other countries. The movement began in
England when twenty-eight poor weavers of Rochdale started a store of
their own with a capital of $140. They found that by being their own
merchants, selling to themselves and distributing profits among themselves,
they could save money .w hich had formerly gone into others' pockets.
Co-operation was proved practical, and its influence extended rapidly.
To day there are more than 4000 co-operative societies in Great Britain
alone, with 2,700,000 members. These with their families represent
8,000,000 persons. In 1912, these societies did a business of more
than half a billion dollars, returning to members profits of $60,000,000
or more then ten per cent on their purchases.-New England Co-operative
Society.
The Co-operative League of America
The Technical Advisory Board of the Co-operative League of America,
Educational Building, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York City, is composed of
experts in every department of Consumers' Co-operation , and is representative of all parts of the country. A request to the office of the League
will bring to individuals and societies the best obtainable advice in regard to particular problems . In the interest of Co-operation you are
invited to uhlize thi s opportunity.
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�Page Twenty-six
The
Western
Comra 'd e
•
-News and Views In
Ag~iculture
K e r n e I s• o f S e e d
Co r n T r u t h
If you plant corn from stalks that have suckers, that is what you will
raise. Like begets lik~. Select your cornseed from the stalk as it stands,
so you will know its parentage.
Short, thick, stormproof stalks· with ears that grow low are the right
kind for the Central and Southern States: Get your seed from such stalks
because slender, .top-heavy stands are likely to mean losses.
The plan suggested is an advance toward producing beller horses.
Count on the colt crop, but remember that good breeding, proper
feed, and careful management are essentiaL- Bureau of Animal Husbandrr·
The F!Jncti.on of the
Far 'm · B~reau
· A farm bureau is an organization of farmers and ranchers who combine to promote agricultur~ through co-operative study of farm conditions.
Many types of farmers' organizations have long . been exi;tent. There
Seed ears from the best-producing stalks in the field produce mo(e .than .
have· been farmers' clubs, granges, institutes, unions, alliances, and others.
seed ears apparently as gooi:l, but gathered without considering :the proSome of these have been more or less successful. but many have passed
ductiveness of the parent stalk. The place to . selec t ·seed corn is ·in the
away. Their failure has usually been due lo one or more of the follow field, not in the crib; the time to select it is as soon as. it is mature,
ing causes: (I) lack of a distinct purpose to fill a definite need ; (2)
not at husking time.
lack of"!ember$hip to sufficiently represent all ·classes of fa rmers and types
of farmmg ; (3) lack of t o-operation wilh other similar farm oruanizations ·
Take seed corn from the best-producing stalks as they stand thick
( 4) lack · o'f continuous and unselfish l~ade'~ship.
"
'
in the field. Such seed is more likely to meet competition success{ully
The farm bureau is distinct _from all of these. It is not primarily a
than seed · which comes -from a stalk which stood alone and did not
social organization; neither is ii essentially to unite farmers so as to lower
suffer from the crowding of its neighbors.- U. S. Dept. Agriculture.
prices of stuffs bought and to raise prices of 'products sold. It is
formed to bring together for mutual co-operation those farmers who want
Pink Bollworm
No t' tn Tex as
to . investigate the fum;lamental problems that are in volved in production
on their farms.- Universily of Califo rnia.
The experts sta le tl-al reports that the pink boliworm has established
itself iu Texas are erroneous. In the past few weeks there has been
an unusual oulb"reak of the common bollworm of colton, an insect which
The Need of Or ga nt zat ion
in one stage assumes a reddish colo r. It is believed tha t the reports
are due to the finding of the one which has been common in Texas fo r
Lack of organization among farmers spells chaos, immediate loss to
many years.
the producer and ultimate loss to the consumer. The organized producers
are gelling fair prices and the !Jnorganized are losing all the time .....:..Harris
Weinstock, State Market Director of California.
·
'
-,
j
Save the
Beeswax
Owing to the unprecedented demand fo·r beeswax and the high prices
A Poison for Sq uirrel s
now offered, it will pay even the amateur with only a few colonies of
bees to save and sell all the wax he may accumulate. A yea r or two ago
Government formul~. Barley (clean grain) 16 quarts, slry~hnine
wax was selling for about twe nty-six cents a pound. Now it is worth from
(powdered- alkaloid) o~e ounce; Bicarbona te of soda (baking soda) one
thirty-six to thirty-eight cents. and large quanlies are being exported,
ounce, thin starch paste, Y4 pint; hea vy corn syrup, ~4 pint ; glycorine,
especially to Russia. It \viii be well for the beekeeper lo keep all the
tablespoonful, Saccarin, I / 10 ounce.
wax obtained when uncapping combs for extracting honey, as this is
wax of the best quality.
Perhaps the easiest way of gelling wax out of the old combs is to
put the combs into a meal bag, tie the mouth- firmly, and put the bag
into a wash boiler on the stove. The 1-,oiler should be filled about three- ·
(Continued from Page 13)
fourths full of water, and after boiling starts the sack should ' be kepi .
moving by means of a large slick, possibly a clothes stick, considerable
the League should capture the three places on the bench, all
pressure being exerted, whic:. will help to work out .the wax.
hope would be gone.
.
After several hours the boiler may be set oil the stove, and some bricks
The Interests knew that the executive department was gone.
used to keep the bag at the bollom of the boiler. Much of the wax
but they also knew that the Legislative branch could not come .
will rise to the Jop, and can be removed readily after it cools. Some_times it is skimmed off as fast as it rises. Of course much more wax
entirely into the possession of the League. They knew that
can be obtained .with a wax press. The average amateur is not prothere were 24 hold-over ·senators, 22 of whom could be
~ided with such an equipment, but can obtain a .v ery satisfactory press
relied upori to thwa rt any attempt to legi'slate .for the farmers.
for about six dollars. Extractors that use the heal of the sun lo melt
Now, then , if the court could be retained, all would not be
the combs cost about four dollars and a half.
- All the wax that is . lo be marketed should first be melted up and
lost. Hence a live eampaign was waged by the Old Guar-l
molded into a cake in order to facilitate handling. The wax may be
for the capture of at least one place on the bench. The
easily shaped by being run into bread pans or any square cans. If care
League, however, paid no · special aUen'tion to the court, as
is taken most of the wax can be dipped out without carry ing much dirt..the primary had _give.n its candidates a considerable margin
Counlry Gentleman.
The Revolution in North Dakota
Efficiency tn Breeding
Two lines of profit are derived by the use of specially selected mares
on farms, viz., in raising colts, and in doing farm work.
To secure the maximum gains from this system, all the animals used
for wo~k on the farm should be brood mares.
Mares chosen for work and breeding must be well-bred, sound individuals of desirable conformation. It does not pay to raise scrub colts.
Mares doing this double duty should receive extra care and management.
The selection .of a stallion is highly important. A low service fee
should not tempt if the stallion is inferior.
There may be less interference with the farm work if the most mares
foal in the faiL
It is advantageous to produce a uniform lot of foals. Select breeding
animals with this in view.
Careful -choice _!>f matings creates greater ·possibilities for the offspring,
but these possibilities are realized only when nourishing feed and regular attention are given the younllt animals.
over those supported by opposition.
In the election, the League candidates swept the field.
Frazier defeated his democratic opponent by a vote of 87,000
to 2 I ,000 and the remainder of the League ticket won by
similar majorities. The League candidates for the Supreme
Court had majorities ranging from I 3,000 to 24,000. Eighty
five out of 113 members to the lower house and 18 out of
25 senators chosen at .t he 1916 .election, were captured by
the League. It was the most smashing defeat ever suffered
by the Plunderbund at any time or at any place. - So f!lr as
possible the victory of the farmers was complete. But, at
that, it was only a tame affair compared to the victories
that are in store for the farmers and wageworkers through
the instrumentality of the Natio~al Non-partisan Lea~ue in
1918.
.
[The next and la•t article m this series will appear m the
December Western Comrade.J
�T'he
Western
Page Twenty-seven
Comrade
Reviews of Recent ·Readable Books
"Why Italy Entered the War"
Carnovale Luigi performs a weicome task
his comprehen~ive volume,
.. Why Italy entered into the Great War." Few . countries are so little
understood in all ways by Americans a~ Italy. Mr. . Luigi gives the
back-ground of Italian history from' the Roman days· ·to the present,
stressing the events from the . middle ages to the rresent and sh9win_g
how Aus tria has been 'the nat ural .e nemy of _the ltahan people through tl
all He denies strenuo usly tha t Italy carefully studied the two sides of
the situation and sided' with the group of warring nations ]ikely to profit
'
her most. And he makes a strong and convincin-g case.
The volume consists of 673 pages, the first half being in English and
the second half an Italian vef'ion of the text. The author has also
written several o ther books that have been widely reviewed, notably,
.. Journalism of the Italian Emigrants in America."
Seven reasons are assigned for Italy's entrance into the arena of war:
· (I) Patriotism. " Thus the people, blinded by the astuteness and ~ru •
talized by the perfidy of such parasitic hydras, could not see .the hght
diffused by the apostles of truth (Mazzini and Garibaldi) . They could
no t free themselves from the cancerous error, which is the abovenamed false patriotism the fundamental cause of all the cal~mi!!es, of
all the sorrows. which today more than ever oppress humamty.
(2)
Irredentism. ..It was a question with Italians how to liberate thousands
of their · consanguineous relations who were oppressed in their own
homes (that is, on ground geographically, historically and morally
Italian) by a stranger tyranny that the Italians themselves kne~ only
too well... (3) Austrian sympathy with papal hopes for restorahon of
temporal authority. ( 4) National coh~sion ~nd mi~itary efficiency. There
was a desire to· refute the current opmton m foretgn countnes that Italy
was lacking in both. (5) Fear of isolation by all the other powers, no
matter how the conflict might terminate. (6) The right to travel- a .
(7) Human
reason assigned a big place in the American protests.
solidarity. ..The Italian people, on account of one of the natural laws
which psychologically distinguish the human races from one another,
have implanted in them two ,sentiments: a sentiment of sympathy for thl'
weak. and a sentiment of indignation against the strong who tyranmze
over the weak."
Luigi's attachments to Italy do not blind him to. underlying causes of
the war. He merely realizes what we have practtcally aU been forced
to recognize, that there are more elements than one shapmg the complex affairs of human destiny. Says Luigi:
.
.
..
..The life of a nation, nowadays, notwithstandmg tis complexthes,
d epends in great part on essentially industrial bases constructed by the
people, not for their own advantage, but for the_ advan tage o_f a btg
bellied and cruel minority called plutocracy, whtch has nothmg else
in common with the people except their simple Darwinian origin.
..Such .,ational industrialism, is able to maintain itself and prosperalways to the benefit of the big-bellied and cruel mi?ority called plut~cracy
must necessarily p ush itself into commerctal _compehlton agamst · the md~s
trialism of another na tion, or na tions, and vice versa. But commerc.. al
competition·, in order to give financial results proportio~ate to the Insatiable greed of the nationalist plutocracy, must be mcessantly and
s trenuously favored and defended by the State.
.
"And why shouldn't it, if the State government of today, be tt ~overed
by· a mask surrounded by a royal crown or by a r_epubltcan cap•. ts n~ne
other than a being voluntarily placed at the servtces of the btg-bellted
and cruel minority called plutocracy L ..'1' ... :"... :"...." ...." ...." . ... And the war
which today rages in Europe is one provoked for no oth~r reason th~n
that of jealousy of the German plutocracy for the Engltsh commerctal
supremacy of the world. · The other causes were all of secondary tmportance.' '
There is much more in this strain. But you must not think the book
contains nothing ffiore. It is a comprehensive slalemenl of lhe subject
of Italy's connection with the Great War.
(Italian-American Publishing Company, Chicago.)
"Little Stories of the Screen"
The movies present life in sharp outline--quick, snappy and . . comprehensive surveys in the minimum of space. One would not thmk of
iooking to the scenarios themselves for literature.. . Yet such a vol~me
has been printed, and it is as interesting reading as the screen .producltons
were interesting to look upon.
·
This is William Addison Lathrop's "Little Stories · from the Screen."
Twenty-five of the author's scenarios are here reproduced, exactly as
they were submitted to the studio. They cover a wide range of subjects
and practically all will be familiar to the average movie fan. I can
see where they would be of value as models to scenarios writers. But
By D. Bobap _a
'
their greatest function will be entertainment. J. Stuart Black ton, one
of the elite of the producing world, says "Mr. Lathrop writes the most
alluring SYI'opses of -anyone I know."
Pictures from the movies illustrate each story. There is a snap and
swing in ·each tale-::-for there is no plac~ for ·anything but action. Tht:oo
author disclaims any literary intr.nt, yet ·his makeup is such that he
cannot restrain ·fro.m a · delightful· literary quality in even what
ordinarily supposed to be as bald . as a movie synopsis. ·T hose presented
were accepted by various film. companies and produced in one to five
reels. · The 'best known actors and actresses and directors figured in ·
their making.-(Britton & Company. New York.)
"The Red Badge. of Courage"
A beautiful red lea!her editif:)n of Stephen Crane's masterpiece, ·"The
Red Badge of Courage," has just been printed. I suppose it is the
military spirit of the rulers that prompt a reprinting in such attractive
from of this wonderfully told " Episode of the. American Civil War." In
some the story will foster the spirit of patriotism and atavism. But
they are unthinking, indeed, who thus respond to the touch of Mr. Crane's
epic.
· For the thinker the story carries another m~ssage--:the horror of
war. StJ'phen Crane gave one · of the mos-t vivid "close-up" portraits
ever painted of a battle field and its surroundings. Not that thii picture
drips with blood. Its horror is of a deeper nature. Few stories have
so powerfully presented a 'psychological study of a human being • The
youth enlisted in a burst of ambition, only to be disillusioned in the
long, tedious days of ·camp life. Then came the first battle. The
day just preceding the action found· the youth 'harrowed with fear
that he would . be a coward. In his first battle · he did run from the
firing line, but in the mixing up of regiments his act never became
known. How he subsequently learned the deeper meaning of the army
is told step by step. The searching of the soul is deep and thorough.
This classic of Mr. Crane's imagination is beautifully descriptive,
dynamic in action and intense in the depicting of the passions of ait
o rdinary mortal. The new edition .contains a portrait of the author ana
an introduction by Arthur Guy Empey, author of "Over the Top,'' whose
experiences in the European war. He says, " 'The Red Badge of Courage' is not a story of war. It is War, the real, unvarnished thing."
And again "To the civilian who has never smelled powder, and who
wants to know what it feels like to have the bullets 'cracking' around
him and the shells moaning overhead and tearing up the landscape, 'The
Red Badge of Courage' will take him safely thr0 ugh the battle, and when
he reaches 'The End' he also is a veteran."
He who understands war will hate war. As a masterpiece of literature
and as a classic indictment of the brutality of war, Mr. Crane's book
is worthy of this greater hearing the new · edition will give to it-(D.
Appleton & Company, New York.)
With Our Editor Friends
Frank Harris puts across a great bit of journalism in the October
Pearson's Magazine, in his "Open· Letter to the President." He commenils
the president for many of his acts· and points out his opportunity to
lead the world to peace and democracy if he will. "Lay the foundations
of a real •epublic, Sir: turn a· sordid capitalistic despotism into a great
industrial democr,acy and your name will stand in the future above those
even of Washinglon and Lincoln side by side with the sacred names of
Gutama Buddha and jesuo the Christ."
Harry W. Laidler tells of the co-operative movement of Britain. There
are also " Arizona's Tea Party, .. by Harold Callender; Bernard Shaw on
..The Golden West ;" Michael Monahan ·on "Ti)e Great White Way;" H. P.
Richardson on "Ingersoll and the Chicago Anarchists:" Charles Peter.
in Devastated Europe," by Maure Martin; and many other interesting
features, including comment on men, books and current affairs by Frank
Harris. G. B. Shaw says:
·
"That sort of thing is always going on in America. What is the
use of writing at the angry ape? If he won't listen to Shakespear~: he
won't listen to me. I have no illusions about the Golden West; prob!.
ably, however, it only seems the worst place in the world politically and
juridically because there is less hushing up; that is, less solidarity among
the governing class than in England or Russia.
" I have tried without success to get nomipated to · the Jrish convl!ntion.
I am delegaiea to the Allied Socialist conference in London itext week, and
to Stockholm;· but I cannot see what Socialism has to do· with the War:
War is not a· Socialist. game; and it is one at Wliich. lhe loser muat pay.
(Continued on Page 29)
�Pag< T wonly-eight.
The
\Vestorn
Comrade
Making Socialism a Power
most two to one. This section of the constitution was aimed
at the anarchists and syndicalists in the Socialist party who
(Continued hom Pag< 19)
looked upon the party for a time as a convenient buffer for
the "situations that the I. W. W. would create · for it." It
legislative bodies of the state in proportion to their strength.
was hoped that this section would drive these Bolshevikis out
With the assistance of J . H. Ryckman of Los Angeles we
of the movement, but they were back at the St. Louis conhave drafted a public ownership measure .nd a social insurvention and· under the guise of the so-called Socialist Propaance bill which, if placed on the ballot, will focus the atganada league they repealed the famous "section 6" and in
tention of America to California.
their "Majority report"· committed the Socialist party to the
The public ownership measure provides that the "state or anarchist program.
political subdivision thereof may engage in any occupation
When one reads paragraph {I) of the program of the
or business for public purposes. and contract necessary debts "majority report" with its anarchistic phrasing, and then
therefor authorized by the people for certain purposes thinks' of the repeal of article 2, section 6, of the national
definitely stated and secured by bonds upon such utility or constitution, one doubts whether the Socialist party will ever
enterprise; requires provision be made for levying annual "become a greater power in American politics." One contax upon value of land irrespective of improvements and not
jectures, rather, that the Socialist party .will finally become a>
otherwise, to pay interest semi-annually and principle within insignificant as the Socialist Labor party.
time determined by people, and a ppropriates proceeds thereof
The Socialist press is endangering its existence by its u nto such payment until debt is fully paid ; declares provisions • deniable and ultimate treason to the American cause. The
thereof not con trol led or limited by other constitutional pro- Socialist party since the St. Louis convention has been
vtston."
careering around the political field precisely as if it had no
The social insurance bili establishes "social insuran.ce sense.
system supported solely
by taxing land, irrespective of
If the Socialist party desires to become a great power in
improvements. administered by five commissioners each paid the land it must first repudiate the work -o f ·the last national
five thousand dollars annually. for health, welfare, support Socialist convention. and then take the position assumed by
during illness, disability, old age and disemployment of per- the London convention of the various Socialist parties of the
sons and their d ependents, citizens of California, having in- allied nations. It must shake off the incubus of alien control.
sufficient incomes to li ve in reasonable comfort; declares The foreign language federations must be forced to resume
minimum weekly standard thereof ten dolla rs plus three dol- their proper subordinate place. Americans should. a nd must,
lars for each dependent (non-dependents sixty years old. control the party policy. The party must Americanize itself
or unable to earn same. to receive sufficient hum fund to and instead of antagonizing America, it must seek to intermake their income eq ua l thereto); relieves this section of all
pret the spirit of America in language America can understand. It must stand behind the government in this war. It
constitutional restrictions."
I am sure this program will appeal to the A.nerican spirit. must free itself from the suspicion of pro-Germanism. If it
will do all these things it has a chance; otherwise, though
VICTOR j. McCONE.
Socialism is in the a scendan t, the Socialist party is doomed
to extmction.
Sta le Secretary Socialist P a rty of Oregon
T
HE Socialist party m.1y become a great power in American
. politics if . it will divorce itself ~-rom alien influj1ce: if it
wtll come out m the open and say; We are here 111 menca;
let us be Americans and stand by the nation arm d in a
just cause.
But it is doubtful if it will ever do that. The
party machinery is under the control of the foreign language
federations, none of which are moved by . purely American
considerations. Of them all. the most active and pernicious,
is the German federation which resorted to regular machine
politics to secure the election of Adolph Germer as national
secretary.
Our war program, namely the so-called "majority report"
is the thing that sticks in the crop of so many Socialists. It
is so unmistakably comforting to the enemy. It repudiates
that necessary loyalty to one's country that must always be
a n introduction to any critiscism one has to offer. It is a
slap in the face administered by the Socialist party to the
people of the United States, and the people of the United
States are backing the war. Let no one forget that fact!
This is already a popular war, ar.d will be more so as time
goes on.
When the casuality lists are published, the effect will be to
make the war even more popular, for the fallen heroes will
be the people's own, and woe to those in that hour who shall
raise their voices in opposition to the national will and endeavor!
We are informed in the July issue of the National Socialist
party bulletin that article 2, R:ction 6, of the national conatitution has been repealed by referendum by a vote of al-
The Story of a Night
(Continued from Page 21)
would be sorry if he knew I was unha ppy.
Oh, if only I knew some.thing of the customs and habit~
of husbands !
The tears were beginning to come . Frozen and distracted.
my feet started towards Peter. I did not. It was my feel.
They took me to where he lay. I leaned close and studied his
face in the firelight. I had never seen him asleep before.
Now that his brown eyes with their twinkling lights were
closed, his face looked much older and a little sad. But
perhaps it was the flickering shadow of the fire. I could not
be afraid of Peter when he looked like that.
I touched his face softly. "Peter!"
He reached up, not yet half awake, a nd caught my hand.
"Joan! Oh Joan! You wan ted to come! You wanted to !"
I had to tell him the truth. He would find out in the
mornmg anyway.
"My bed burnt up."
"What!"
"M-m-y bed b-burnt up. I m-moved it and it g-g-got burnt
up."
eqPeter fully awake now, sat up; and reached for his little
electric 5earch light.
"Burpt up? Are You burned ?" He turned the light upon
me.
"N-no. Just e-c-oid."
�The
Western
Page T w~nty-nine
Comrade
Peter extinguished the light and I heard a suspicious sound.
"It isn't f-funny," I said.
(Continued from Page 23)
"Her bed got burnt up! Her bed got- No, of course it
isn't funny! Did her bed get burned, poor Httle .dear, and
are her footsums cold? Well, come! Peter will warm you." no difference. Convenic:nt · or inconvenient, the exchange of
Gently, comfortingly, he pulled me beneath the shel.ter 'ownership had to be made by the actual transfer of the posof the warm covering. I lay breathlessly still· while the tears session - of the thing itself. If "A" wished to exchange his
1
dried on my 'face.
land :for .the land of "8", "A" must in the presence of" wit"At last my opportunity has come," Peter said. · Oh me! nesses bpng "B" on his land and taking up a ·handful of ·earth
Once I caught a mouse in the · granary and when I took it or breaking some twigs from the trees .give them into the
in my hands. it lay stark and stiff with fear. I thought of hands of "B" and by a formula of words declare the latter
it now.
to be the possessor of the land; and "B" must go through the
He held me close. "There's no wing sprouting . on . this . same. ceremony with "A." Chattel likewise had to be trans- .
shoulder blade-arid none on this. Well I'm relieved. I've ferred by giving actual possession in the open market ·or be~
always been afraid of it. We don't want any angels in the fore WJ'tnesses.
family. Now go to sleep. or I'll spank you!"
~
My arm reached softly round his neck. "Peter," I
whispered, "I-love-you-so. I wish I'd come sooner. Why
didn't you make me?"
(Continued from Page 24)
"I don't want a slave," he said stubbornly.
We lay without speaking a long time. Finally I began -the Socialist party.
.
to drowse.
Anyway it is agreed that iri all these efforts the workers
"Peter! How fast you're heart is beating!"
have never had· more than a chance and in the end a losing
"Yes, my precious."
chance at that?
"Peter- it was funny-about-the-fire-and- and everyChances ~hich cannot be avoided ·mqst be faced and the
thing- "
consequences bravely endured. Frost and flood and panic
"You're sure" he asked cautiously.
in the elements and among men all bring chances when the
"Yes. Laugh if you want to."
best that one can do is to take his chance and take with
And he did. He sat up and laughed; and he lay down fortitude whatever the chance may bring.
and laughed; and he hugged me and laughed.
But the rational scheme of progress is one which avoids
"Oh! Joan! You darling There's a big daub of smut on all needless thance. The opportunity to earn and to have
your nose! I saw it by the search light! You blessed little a rational means of living a rational life must cease "to be
idiot! "
a game of chance and instead become a definite p1ogram of
"I don't care. It's probably on yours by now."
service and reward.
He laughed harder than ever. "What a night! We'll never
To accomplish this means that the organizations an.d man·
forget it!"
agement must be so related to the common good that it
He sudsided into soft chuckles.
cannot serve itself except it serve the common good.
"All the same, Joan- "
The Socialist has taken the first needful step in the creation
"H-m-m?'•
of such an orgapization and is providing for such a man"God Bless that fire!"
agement by directly relating each organizer and committeeman to some industrial occupation whose interests he must
(Continued from Page 27)
serve effectively or he cannot remain in his place of service.
------- The trades unions, co-operators and farmers have taken
a step by creating a joint body for State-wide action
1f there be a looer he will have to pawn his shirt. Only a draw can
composed of t.hose who are of their own. rank and whose
make the sort of pious peace that the Russians are dreaming of possible. So
personal interests cannot come into conflict with the interests
we must await the events:·
of -~thers committed to their care.
• • •
The Principles of Money
Current . Problems
Book Reviews
----~
One .doesn't orinarily review a catalogue; but when_ it is Alfred A
Knopfs announcement booklet it is a. work of art in_ ttself and worthy
of ,mention. His fall announcement ltst should fall mto the hands of
all book lovers. Send for it- 220 Wesl 42 Street, New York. Mr.
Knopf publishes books for one 'reason we all work f~>r-to live. But that
ends the financial part of the game. He wants to ltve--has to and does.
But above all he wants lo produce the best there is in literature and
does.
I could fall upon the neck of Mr. Knopf and congratulate his aesthetic sense. He says " I love books physically and I want to make
them beautifuL" A poor book is better than none if it is imponible
to have lovely books, but the true lover of books wants them to be
beautifuL That is one reason I like Mr. Knopf • publications so wella worthy classic in a worthy cover. And he has experimented - until
he can produce beautiful books as cheaply as the less lovely variety. His
fall book list includes a new American novel, "The Three Black Pennys,"
by Joseph Hergesheimer; three Spanish translation1- Pio Baroja's "The
City of the Discreet," V. Blasco lbanex's "The Cabin" and Alberto BlestGana's "Marlin Rivas" : "God and Mr. Wello," by William Archer; "The
Art Theater,- by Sheldon Cheney : "A Book of Prefaces" by H. L
Mencken; "A Otaste Man," a novel by Louis Wilkinson; "The Dead Have
Never Died," by Edward C. Randall ; "Interpreters and Interpretations,"
by Carl Van Vechten; "Luotra" by Ezra Pound; and several other
equally noteworthy 'books. If Mr. Knopf's Russian hound imprint 11 011
anr book, rou need not WOIT)' as to the worth of ita contenta.
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION,
F.TC., REQUIRED BY ACT OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912,
OF WESTERN COMRADE PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT LLANO. CALIFORNIA. FOR OCTOBER I, 1917.
The names and addreues of the publisher, editor, managing editor
and business manager are :
Publisher, Job Harriman, Uano, California.
Editor, Job Harriman, Uano, California.
Managing Edftor, Job Harriman, Uano, California.
Busineu manager, Ernest S. Wooster, Uano, California.
The owners are, Job Harriman, Llano, Califomia.
The known bondholders, mortgages, and other security holders owning
or holding one per cenl or more of total amount of bonds, morgages, or
other securities are: None.
(Signed)
ERNEST S. WOOSTER
Sworn to and oubscribed before me this 29th day of September, · 1917.
.
.F. H. OIAMBERLAIN
N<;>tary in and for the County of Loo Angeles, itate of California.
(My Comminion expires Mar 19, 1920.)
�The
Page Thirty
In theWestern Comrade for December
"SPIRITISM AND SOCIALISM"
Lincoln Phifer, Editor of The New World, contributes a special ·
article to the WESTERN COMRADE in which he discusses the
subject of spirit manifestation and its relation to the liberal
movements of our time.
"CRIME-THE PROBATION SYS;"
·
H. A. S~ssions, fo~ 10 year.• Probati Ollic~r of Fr.esno County,
Cahfomta, contnbutes hiS · sec
specral arhcle to . the
WESTERN COMRADE on the que~tion of dealing with juvenile
crime. Sessions analyzes the causes of delinquency and prescribes .a remedy.
"JESUS AND WAR"
Robert Whitaker, Socialist divine and veteran in the Socialist
Movement for a decade, entertains and edifies WESTERN
COMRADE readers with a specially written article on the
relation existing between Christianity and the current conceptions of nationalism and patriotism.
"CO-OPERATIVE EDUCATION"
A. A. George, Vice-President of the People's College, Fort
Scott, Kansas, in this speciaily written article, points out the
necessity of the workers of the world co-operating to educate
themselves.
Western
Comrade
-"The Truth About
The Medical Profession"
By: John A. Bevan, M.D.
Columbia University
(Inventor of the <Esophagoscope)
Price Fifty Cents
Paper Bound, Postpaid
The result of Clinical and pathological researches
at Guy's Hospital. London, and the Bellevue Hos~
pita!. New York.
BENEDICT LUST, N. D.• D. 0 ., D. C .• M. D.• writes: "The
book is splendid and will help to enlighten many skeptics who
otill belie\'r in medical superstition."
Prof. DAVID STARR JORDAN, M. D.• writes: "I have
looked O\'er the book called The Truth About the M<-dical
Profession.' - There are a great many things that are forceful
.
and truthfully said."
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW writes: "There are some quite
interesting and important things in the book.""
LLANO PUBLICATIONS, STA~LES, .LOUISIANA
"REGENERATION"
Dr. John Dequer, well-known by all WESTERN COMRADE
readers as a brilliant, forceful writer, has contributed a special
article for the December number. Dr. Dequer discusses the
World War and the social and industrial revolution which
must inevitably follow from it. This contribution is the finest
that has ever been offered by Dr. Dequer.
"THE CO-OPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH"
Clinton Bancroft will contribute another of his inimitable and
specially written articles on the forces that make for socialism
and co-operation.
"THE REVOLUTION IN NORTH DAKOTA"
H. G. Teigan in the December number compl•tes his senes of
three articles, specially written for the WESTERN COMRADE.
on the rise of the exploited farmers in the Northwest and of
the triumph of the Non-partisan League.
"MANAGING THE RESOURCES"
Walter Thomas Mills, author, teacher and orator of international fame, tells WESTERN COMRADE readers how the
workers are to get permanent control of their affairs.
"LLANO IN LOUISIANA"
The December WESTERN COMRADE will contain another
fascinating description of the inspiring work of the members
of the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony in developing the
Louisiana extension of Llano. Photographs of the various
activities of the new colony will be liberally sprinkled throughout· the December magazine.
Your $1000 Membership will put the Louisiana
Bee InduStry on a paying
basis.
fJl We want your $1000 Membership specially
to help finance our MODEL 300 STAND APIARY.
fJl Bee cultu1e can be made profitable from the
very first if established NOW. This money is
needed AT ONCE in order to put the industry in
shape for the commg seas<?n.
Address:
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
-:-
STABLES, LOUISIANA
EDITORIALS
· job Harriman will contribute three pages of comment and
opinion on the political and sociological issues of the day.
This Razor
$1.00
Comrades! Don't be Henry Dubbs and pay two prices for a
razor. Ju•t send us $1.00 for this high grade razor on 30 day's
trial. Guaranteed to be the equal of any razor on the market regardless of price or make. Furnished with plain black handles,
either round or square point, extra hollow ground %-inch blade.
Be sure to state whether round of square point is wanted. Price
is $1.00. post paid. Remit by postoffice money order if possible.
Comrades, rf our razors don't make good we will. Address:
RED FLAG RAZOR COMPANY
PARAGOULD, ARKANSAS
Will You Be
Our Agent?
WE WANT an agent in every community to look after
renewals. secure subsc riptions. and to
represent the
LLANO PUBLICATIONS in vanous ways.
Our proposition to responsible persons will be found
attractive. Write us a t once for details.
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS, STABLES. LOUISIANA
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-11
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1917-11
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n07_191711
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2018-08-06
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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v05n07
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30 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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Making Socialism a Power --- a Symposium
Llano Invading Louisiana
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Western Comrade
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https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ce9d8282f75d80e469fbe47a75390b7a.pdf
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PDF Text
Text
I
-
"
October
19 17
Inr11ng In
s Number
r - - - - - C on t e n t s - - - - - - .
The Revolution in North
[)akota By H. G. Teigan
Page
EDITORIALS by job Harriman ....................... 3
THE DEVIL'S PUNCH BOWL ........................ 9
THE NEW SOCIALISM by Alec Watkins ........ 12
Current Problems
SOCIALISM IN jAPAN by S. Katayama ............ 19
By Walter Thomas Mills
A NICE GIRL (Story) by Mary Allen ................ 20
Llano's Louisiana
Purchase
EFFICIENCY IN RELIGION by Myrtle
Manana ··· ··········-···············---··- ········-·-·· --·-··-·22
THE CO-OPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH by
Clinton Bancroft ·--··------·--··-····--········ ·· ···· ····.24
Other Features Are:
"Was Schmidt Guilty?"; Successful California Co-operatives; Co-operation the World
Over; News and Views in Agriculture; Book
Reviews, etc.
Price Ten Cents
t.
�F
THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF SOCIAL ECONOMY.
Three Correspondence Courses of Study
Organized in 1900.
Students in All English Speaking Countries
LESSONS PREPARED AND TAUGHT BY
Walter Thomas Mills
~
Any of these Courses can be taken by a single individual or in classes. Work can begin at any time
and can be completed as quickly as anyone is able, or the time may. be extended a~ may be necessary.
FINELY ENGRAVED CERTIFICATES are given to those who satisfactorily complete the work in any of these courses.
1.- TEN LESSONS IN THE SlUDY OF SOCIALISM.
Here are j 11.-TEN
LESSONS IN THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING. ·
the Courses I III.- TEN LESSONS IN THE CORRECT AND EFFECTIVE USS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
THE TEN LESSONS IN SOCIALISM
Lesson 1.- The Evolution of Capitalism.
Lesson 11. -The Evolution of Socialism.
Lesson IlL- Scientific Socialism.
Lesson IV. -Tbe Failure of Capitalism- The Coming of Socialism.
Lesson V.- Trades Unions and Socialism.
Lesson VI.- The Farmers . and Socialism.
Lesson VII. -The Middle Class Workers and Socialism.
Lesson VIII.- Religion, Education and Socialism.
Lesson IX.- Political Parties and Socialism.
Lesson X. -How to Work for Socialism.
Each of the len lessons which have been especially p repared by Mr.
Mills, the author of ' "The Struggle for Existence.'' gives special directions for the study of some one topic as given in the above schedule.
Each lesson gives a summary of the subject maller to be studied with
special references to all the paragraphs in the text book bearing upon
tha t topic and designating those to b, read only, as well as those to be
carefully studied. Each lesson in the course is followed by a list of
test questions, the answers to which a re w rillen up as studied and forwarded to Mr. Mills for correction, approval or recommendations fo r
further study, together with answers to any special questions asked.
THE TEN LESSONS IN THE CORRECT AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Lesson 1.- The Building and the Mastery of Words.
Lesson II.- The Classes of Words.
Lesson 111.- The Relation of Words to Each Other.
Lesson IV.- The Building of an English Sentence.
Lesson V.-The Finishing Work on an English Sentence.
Lesson VI.- The Forms of Speaking and Writing.
Lesson VII.- The Telling of a Story and the Explaining of a Situation
Lesson VIII.- Tht Building of an Argument.
Lesson IX.- Effective Correspondence.
Lesson X.- Writing for Publication.
These lessons cor.sist of ten pamphlets, each complete in itself and
containing all the m~terial necessary for a student"s work. Each lesson
is followed with test questions and the manner of procedure in doing
the work, the same as above.
,
I
TEN LESSONS IN THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Lesson 1.- Tbe Training of the Voice.
Lesson 11.- Gatbering the Speaker's Materials.
Lesson 111.- Constructing the Argument.
Lesson IV.- The Delivery of a Speech.
Lesson V.-Adomment and Power in Public Address.
Lesson VI.- The Speech and tlae Occasion.
Lesson Vli.- Errors in Speech.
Lesson VIII .- Controversial Speech.
Lasson IX.- How to Manage a Crowd.
Lesson X.- The Personal Qualities of 8ft Orator.
In these lessons, as in the course of English. •·ach lesson is complete
in itself and no text book will be required, a nd "the manner of proceedore will be the same.
REMEMBER :-If you wish to understand the labor question, to deal with the high cost of living. to understand the rise of militarism and the
way of escape, to fight effectively for the young, the disabled and the aged, in short, if you wish to be a good and an effective Socialist, begin a t
once the study of these lessons in Soc:ialism. If you wish to have a voice as clear and musical as a bell, so tha t people will listen to you just for the
music of your voice, to be hea rd distinctly by the largest crowds, to have a throat of steel that will never fail you, to have a great fund of fresh
and interesting information, to be able to think at your best on your feet and before a crowd, to be an effective salesman in offering goods or in
presenting ideas, to speak without notes and never forget, to addreso a th rong as though you were speaking to a single friend and to become yourself the incarnation of the message you take to o thers, then take these len lessons in the Art of Public Speaking.
If you want to write for the press,- riot for the waste basket, to be understood, not to be la•Jghed at, to write letters that bring replies, to serve
on committees, write resolutions or party pla tforms, to gather the greatest fund of information, to write a story that will read when printed as it
sounds when told, to recover from the brogue or the broken forms of foreign speech or of untrained utterance, then take these lessons in the study
of the English language.
J
·]
CJ THESE LESSONS Will BE WORTH YOUR WHILE. The following well-known speakers, w roters and organizers were once students of Mr. Mills:
George R. Kirkpatrick, Anna Maley, · Fred. D. Warren, Kate O'Hare, Frank O'Hare, Guy Lockw<ood, Mrs. Lockwood, Oscar Ameringer. Phil Callery,
J. W. Slayton, Gertrude Breslau Fuller, 0 . S. Wilson,' judge Groesbeck, Geo. W. Downing, Agne1 Downing, john M. Work, Mrs. A. M. Salyer, Geo.
H. Turner, George D. Brewer, J. E. Snyder, George Scott, Mrs. Bradfo rd, Walter and Rose Wal<er. Anna Strunsky Walling, T. E. La timer, c~roline
Lowe, J ames O'Neal, W. C. Benton, J . L. Fitts, J . L. Engdahl, Dr. Nina E. Wood .
TERMS: The Course of Lessons in Socialism, including a paperbound copy of "The Struggle for Existence" by Walter Thomas Mills,
free, $5.00 for a single student ; in classes of live or more, $3.00 each;
in classes of ten or more with text book free to each student in any
case, $250 each; or the course free to anyone ordering ten copies of
the cloth-bound edition of "The Stru~le for Existence" at $1.50 each
(regular price $2.50); or ten copies of "Democracy or Despotism" by
Walter Thomas Mills, regular price $ ! .25 each, to one address.
The Courses in the study of English and in the Art of Public Speaking are $10.00 each for single students; in classes of live $7.50 each;
in classes of ten or more $6.00 each; or either Course for a single
student free to anyone ordering fifteen doth-bound copies of "The
Struggle for Existence" a t $1 50 ( regular price $250); or fifteen copies
of "Democracy or Despotism" a t $1.00 each ( regular price $ 1.25) to
one address, purchasers paying the freight.
CJ Now is the time to get ready for the winter's work. You can invest in nothing that will pay so large a return as when you invest in
yourself. You can cam these courses getting up clubs for the books.
You can greatly reduce the expense and add lo the pleasure and pro:'J
of the work by getting up classes in any of these Couroes.
ADDRESS AU. COMMUNICATIONS, always mentioning that you saw this ad in THE WESTERN COMRADE, to
The International School of Social Economy
. . .s-..
R. R. No. I, Box 15, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA.
~
, .
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'-----------+---
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.
�Political
Action
Co-operation
Soc.ialism
The Western Comrade
De vo ted
to
t.h e
Ca u se
o f
I
h e
Wo rk e rs
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916, at the post office at Llano, Califomia, .under Act of March 3, 1879.
JOB -HARRIMAN
PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT ll.ANO, CALIFORNIA.
Managing Editor.
~7
ERNEST S. WOOSTER . . •
.
.
•i .
Business ~anaRer·
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies fOe; clubs of 4· or mor.e (in .1!1. S.) SOc. Combination with ll.ANO COLONIST _$1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE. but are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so stated.
In making change of address always give your former one so that · the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
Plea·se do not send subscriptions, changes of address. complaintS. etc., to individuals. Address ALL communications to the Llano Publications. Llano, Calif. This paper will not assume responsibility- unless this rule is followed.
VOL. V.
LLANO. ·cALIFORNIA, OCTOBER, I 9 I 7.
No.6
- - - - --------- -
Editorials
N
EVER in the history of the world did a revolutionary
movement show such vitality and determination as that
of Russia . It is confronted with the all but irresistible
German army; with the conservative, plutocratic rebellions of
the empire; and wit h the infinitely complex and perplexing
problems of reconstruction. Yet the new government is
h<~ndling the situation with great skill and profound wisdom.
Political and industrial democracy are growing in an orderly
ma nner out of the tyranny and chaos that gave them birth.
The vitality of this new movement is due largely to the philosophy of Socialism, so thoroughly and generally understood
by the Russian people. This movement was known as "underground Russia.'' It grew in spite of eternal vigilance of the
universal secret service spy system, backed by a brutafpolice
and an armed force of infantry and cossacks.
These humble but highly intelligent people contrived to
publish their books, pamphlets, papers and leafl ets, and to circulate them by the millions throughout the empire. Occasionally an unfortunate, courageous enthusiast became too bold,
and, being detected, he was transported to the mines or
prisons of Siberia and punished for life for the c rime of uplifting and educating his fellowmen.· It was these long years
of persi~tent a nd relentless effort to teach the people their
rights that prepared the Russian mind for the establishment of
tl:Je foremost .democ racy of the world.
It was in the same manner and against similar obstacles that
the German Socialists overcame the brutal Bismarckian laws,
a nd were, before the war, ·moving irresistibly to..yard the overthrow of the Kaiser's government ~nd the establishment ~f a
.
social democracy.
The downfall of the Kaiser will yet. be brought about, not
by the Socialist forces from without, but by the Socialist
forces from within. It will be dan·~ with order, precision and
determination. Even greater dis~ipline and more profound
wisdom will be shown in Germany than was shown in Russia.
Wh~ever is acquainted with the Germa n people and has observed the German mind must know that they will not make
a move until they first ·know _that they ~aintain perfect military discipline and sustain a solid front to their enemie~ when
the Kaiser goes down. It is toward the fall of the Kaiser and
By Job Harriman
the uplift of the people that the Socialists of Germany have
been moving for the last half century~ Their victory is as
certain as the morrow is to come. . The peaceful, educational
methods of the Socialist movement will overcome and overth~ow any government on · earth that- r!!sts its power on o ppression, sustained by brute force.
Th~re is a profound reason .for this. Every human being,'
like all other forms of energy, seeks the line of least resistance.
When he is bearing burdens of tyranny and plutocracy, he is
not moving in the line of least resistance. Every thought that
tells him how to cast off his burden and make life' more
desirable is music to his ears and food for his soul.
There is yet another rea~on. Every conviction that leads to
one's liberty of his fellows begets a social passion that is dearer
than life, and for which millions have been, and, if necessary.will -yet be crucified. But persecution a nd . crucifixion and all ·
the tortures of hell will not cause them to deny their convictions nor surrender their social passions.
Yet there is not a nd never has been a man in all the worla
so rich but that he would freely give his last dollar to save
his 4ife!
1--be social passion, the inborn desire .to give aid and succo1
to· humanity is born and lives and moves in the very depths
d human impulses, while the getting of money is' only ~ rriatter
of superficial rational activity.
It is because of this fact that all governments founded 'on
pr~erty rights constantly gather military power around them,
but are from their inception doomed to go down before the
tidal wave of more humane impulses, struggling for the general
uplift and the welfare of the race.
T
-o--
HE headquarters of the Socialist Party in Chicago and
various other cities are reported to have been raided by
tpe government authorities.
jWe cannot believe this has been done with the sanction
<!f. President Wilson. The world cannot be made safe for
democracy by such methods.
,;- There is a very general misunderstanding of the Socialist
on the part of many government and state officials.
The Socialist movement is international. The members
�. I
The Western Comrade
Page four
have been meeting together in internationai congresses for
half a century. Their interests and philosophy are the same.
They feel towards and treat each other as brothers. - They
are brothers, not only in theory but in deed. The thought of
killing each other is unbearable and except when immediate
necessity presses, they refuse to fight.
We believe, however, that none of them would refuse to
work in any industry where conscription might call them, especially if that work were required to be done upon property
conscripted for the same purpose.
Surely if men may be conscripted to work, property may
also be conscripted for them to work with and upon.
Conscription of men, conscription of food, conscription of
property, is as certain as tomorrow, if the war lasts.
If men, food, and property are conscripi.ed they will not be
unconscripted. · "You cannot unscramble eggs." The power
to conscript in times of war establishes the right to conscript
in times of peace or war. Necessity knows no law but action,
and such action is always in line with the power action, let
that power be what it may.
It is up to the acting power to be wise, for if wisdom is
lacking and the burdens imposed are too heavy, the result will
be a revolution. That is what took place in Russia. That
is what President Wilson demands of the German people; that
is what will happen wherever the burdens are unbearable.
Conscription of men, foods, and property lead inevitably
to state socialism; beyond that, and in sight, lies the longsought Social Democracy.
--o--·
E
NGLAND's war debt to date is upwards of $5,000,000,000; the war debt of the United States at the present
moment is $20,000,000,000.
A fool and his money are soon parted.
---o-
C
HEAP bread! Unfortunately, we do not have it; but it
will soon come.
"The members of the price-fixing commission think that
the new price will permit of a fourteen-ounce loaf of bread
selling for five cents a~d allowing a fair profit both to the
Hour manufacturer and the baker," says the Literary Digest.
A profit, fair or unfair, is fixed in the minds of all. This
fact is · the fulcrum upon which the world war is turning.
World cataclysms will continue as long as this fact remains.
No man can make a profit off another and live in harmony
with him. The bone and marrow of all war · is the conflict
of interest; and " profit" is the essence of the conflict.
---o-
THE
Pope's peace proposal is now being published by
a Catholic publishing company and circulated in an
artfully prepared paper that spouts Hames of danger from
every line.
The mighty organization of Catholicism is striving with all
its might to re-establish the temporal power and absolutism
of the Pope.
The following quotation will reveal the hand-writing on
the wall. But the Pope will be the Belshazzer:
1
"In my opm10n,. Europe and the civilized world ought to
institute at Rome a · tribunal of arbitration presided over by
the Pope, which should take cognizance of the . difference
between Christian princes. This tribunal, established over
princes to direct and j"udge them, would bring us back to the
golden age."
Golden age, indeed! It is a golden age now for the princes.
Princes always. have and always will, as long as princes exist,
enjoy a golden age! What do we want with princes and their
golden ages? Will someone. tell? What was the American
Revolution all about? We are not looking for a golden age
for- princes or Popes. They have had their innings. They
have been weighed in the balance and found wanting. Poverty, misery, ignorance and degradation ·have been man's lot
under their sceptres. Away with their political power! They
are partners in tyranny. ·It remains for the people to be partners in liberty and democracy.
Again we listen to the Pope : "We must find a new bond
to unite us all. The Pope alone can form this bond. Only
Rome can make her impartial and unprej udiced voice heard,
for no one doubts fo r an instant the integrity of her judgement."
How about her impartial and unprej udiced judgment in the
days of the Spanish i nquisition? No, no one doubts. Everybody knows that the world has had enough of such impartial
and unprejudiced judgment. None of it for us.
Again: "The interests of the human race require that there
be a curb which will restrain sovereigns and protect the life of
nations; this curb of religion might by universal consent have
peen placed in the hands of the Pope."
Curbing! The people had better do their own curbing.
The Pope curbs to the glory of the Pope. The people will
curb to the glory of the people. A little abolition on the side
might help some.
Again: "It is necessary that the present system of deciding
international questions by a congress be abandoned and recourse be had to the supreme arbitration of the Pope."
The pages of history are smeared with the blood of religious
persecutions. The hands of the Popes are black with human
gore.
Swallow the Pope by choice and you will swallow his re(igion by force!
What is the matter with democracy?
T
--0--
HE most remarkable fact in connection with the enormous
cantonments now heing built in the various parts of our
country is the permanency of structures.
Concrete foundations of many buildings; water pipes encased in concrete; enormous substantial storage houses; and
other durable structures; -all impress one with the idea that
the foundation for militarism, rather than democracy, is being
laid.
In all probability, those holding such political offices as
enable them to temporarily direct the construction work, will
honestly repudiate this idea, but their terms of office will soon
expire, while the institutions that gave rise to their military
camps will continue to live and the owners of those institutions
�The W cs lc r n Comrade ·
Page five
will direct the military force of the future as they direct !he their downfall. The money power incident to office was a
greater temptation than they could withstand.
military power of today in every labor trouble.
. Our i>oliucal institutions are only a duplicate -of our inThe labor and reform movements will then stand ·face to
face with alf all but irresistible mililary force. ·Such a suc- dustrial institutions. The opportunity . to get money · without
cessful strike as the recent shipbuilders' strike in San Fran- earning it is the curSe of the age. Buying and- selling and
speculating and employing for profit-all lead to gambling
cisco ~ill be a thing of the past.
Far be it from us to question the honesty of our high offi- and swindling and embezzling, and getting money by cunning.
The principle involved in both are · the same.
cials. But hones_ty does not ·remove danger. .An honest man
So~ething . for nothing i~ the curse of the age.
is far more dangerous than a hypocrite if he is in error. A
hypocrite can be .changed from his course by a show of power,
-o--but an honest man will die for his convictions, be they right
RliTE force as a means of ~overnm~nt is committing
or wrong.
· suicide. It' is the law of death. Every race ~r species
So, also, are those honest who own the industries. And, that adopts force as a rule of action ends in the tomb. The strange as it may appear, every dollar of accumulated profit most peaceful races and the most peaceful animals have surconfirms the conviction of the man who believes that it is right vived . . Were force the law of life, the reverse would be true.
. ---a-to accumulate· money by employing men for a wage less than
UDGE BURNS of Texas would murder all men who vote
the worth of their product. Comforts and luxuries are added
contrary to his views qn the 'war question. He would
in proportion to the wealth accumulated , and even doubtful
opinions are transformed into co~victions by the luxuries that crucify democracy in the name of the nation. He is mad
are added. It is hard indeed for him to surrender his luxuries with power and made insane oy the law's restrictions. Our
who kuows that he has employed wrong methods in accumulat- laws are made to bridle such beasts . . No crime is too base
ing them ; but it is impossible for him to surrender them if for him who would deny the right of franchise to the Amerhe believes the methods cmpleyed to accumulate them were ican people. The right of suffrage was the -fruit of the
American Revolution. The blood of our forefathers was
ri ght.
Not on ly will the honest man ·die for this privilege; but. spilt for this right. Burns would wickedly spill the blood · of
being in power. he will use th e public force to protect himself our forefathers to maintain it.
Instructing the local grand jury, he said, "If I had a wish
and all others in the exercise of those privileg~s . In this fact
lies all the clements of monarchy and of militarism . Militarism I would that you men had jurisdiction to return bills of in;
and monarchy are only different form s of the same thing. dictment against those .who sought to obtain votes at the
Their roots run down into. and a re made up of. the private expense of the nation's welfare. Such men should be placed
ownership of productive property . While this institution of against a stone wall and shot."
Ju.dge Burns is guilty of treason. When accepting office
private property lasts, our liberties are in danger, and demoche swore that .he would support the Constitution. The right
racy hangs by a thread.
- -o - of free speech and unrestricted suffrage is the very heart
OVERNOR FERGUSON, of Texas, has been impeached. of our constitution. His statement, ·if followed, would cut
Of course, he resigned his office but did not do so until
this heart out.
The people shed their blood for the privilege of voting
the vote impeaching him was about to be taken. Not only is
he impeached, but he is indicted for embezzleme~t and m1s- for the. alter;ltion, the change and repeal .of any law that they
appropriation of funds. Nor is he alone; he has plenty of 9isapproved.
co~T~,pany. Many officials in high places in that state are now .
If Burns' advice were followed, another civil and terrible
before the 15rand jury and will be prosecuted for the same . revolution would be upon us.
pffence.
The policy of our people is and should be to support all
The condition in Texas is not very different from that in laws while in force, but to ·cha.nge them when disapproved.
What else does democracy mean?
other states. The trouble in Texas ·seems to be that the
machinery of the state got out of the hands of ·the machine.
If the Pr~sident's message means anything it means this.
The preachers of Texas have raised their voices at least No one has a right to presume that he means otherwise until
a n octave. It is not a sweet refrain that they are singing. he says or acts to the contrary.
The titles of their songs are "original sin ," "the fall of man ,"
Violence to the right of franchise is treason in the first
and "total depravity," and their breaths are laden with the degree.
The robe of a judge can not conceal this treasonable act.
brimstone and sulphur.
They have forgotten .that these men were born pure and
-o--sweet, and were those of whom Christ spoke when he said:
"PEACE without victory!" The hope of America!
"Suffer little children to come unto Me and forbid them not,
This is the hope _of the people of the world!
for of such is the kingdom of heaven.".
.
But this is not the hope of the aristocracy of the world. To
Nor yet do these preachers see that the temptations laid this sentiment they say "Get thee behind me, Satan, I know
before these ~~n by the industrial' and commercial system of thee not!" The aristocrats are ravenous beasts. They are
which these very preachers are champions, is the cause of ambitious for the spoils of war and for the world's dominion.
B
J
G
�'tLe
esteno
Llano's 'Louisiana Purchase
HEN the Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony ~ established at Uano, Los Angeles County. California, it
wat expected that it would be the first o~ what sho~Jd
ultimately be a large number of associated colorues
scattered through many slates, all to be correlated ~d to work
in perfect harmony with one another.
_
_
Now the time hat arrived when this intention is to be carried out.
The lint attempt was made at Llano, and it has aroused
widespread inter~st. From every English-speaking country.
come letters evincing the utmost sympathy, and expressing
the desire to be with those who ·are pioneering in this work.
Llano, situated in the edge of the great Mojave Desert, in
the part known as the Antelope Valley, is one of the finest
pear-producing districts in the world. Apples and other fruits
do well. Markets are not far distant, and every indication
points to the Llano property eventually being worth millions
of doll ars if developed as a fruit growing district.
But in the meantime Llano cannot support a great population because trees do not begin to bear for several years.
The pioneer work having been done, most of the people will
either have to go in to some industry or to go into some other
colony.
/\bout a year ago Comrade Harriman began a quiet inv stigation to determine the best place to begin the first colony
xtension work . His travel took him into many states and
he considered many tracts of land. Finally he learned of a
vast stretch of virgin soil in th e cut-over pine district of westrn Lo uisiana . Without making known his intentions, he
inv stiga ted f~lly, gathered an amazing quantity of accurate
a nd d tailed information , and reported to the Board of Directors. It was favo rably considered by them a nd then the proposition was placed before the Colonists in a mass meeting.
Th ' Y b came convinced of th e splendid possibilities. 1\ committ c was at once appointed to verify the report of Co:nrade
Harri ma n and to gat her further information.
This committee left Llano the latter part of August. Stops
w r made at Minneola. Texas, for the big encampment there,
nd at oth r places. The comrades in Texas were wildly
nthu iastic and immediately proffered aid of all sorts in making the first extension a gra nd success.
But like their comrades in Llano, they were very much
Of po d to the disposal of the California property: This has
be n dvocat d by orne. The sentiment is not at all favorable
to su h a sale.
Th foregoing brief explanation is intended to forestall misconc ption on the part of readers, an::! erroneous ideas as
t ' hy thi mo i to be made.
The Truth About
Louisia~a
Th Gulf Lumber ompany o\'med a 16,000 acre tract of
ernon Pari h, Louisiana. one portion of it is within
on mil of L ville, the Pari h eat of Vernon Pari h. being
to the uth and '""eSt and about 12 miles from the Sabine
Ri r. It is perhaps 45 miles from Ale.xandria, 100 miles from
re~rt, and about 200 miles from e\ Orleans.
much mi und rstanding exi ts concerning Louisiana, and
much misinform tion has been spread broadcast, that it is
n · ry to correct right on the start some of these erronous
I nd in
im~
Louisi
has been considered a state ·of swamps. alligators,
l
fe • malaria and people of little education. Of
une a portion of this is true; otbem--ise the wrong stories
ne
ha been mid and re-told.. But the b:utb about
LOuisiana is that it is lilre many other states~e of it i
good and some is not ~ good. There are swamps alcin8 th
coast. In these swamps there are mosquitoes and in them
diseases menace the health.
But these swamps are only a comparati ely small
rt of
the ar!2 of th_e state. The rest of Louisiana is
tre sure
house of potential wealth. Its soil i wondrously rich. Its
people are pro~ably as well educated. Though it h
hd
overwhelming odds to contend with, Louisiana hn m d progress. Without advertising, and therefore without h vin8 t•
tracted wide-spread attention, Loui iana ne ertheles h
forged ahead.
One of the best portions of Louisiana is Vernon P rish,
which has been covered with heavy fore t of pine timb r,
this being the chief long leaf pine district. Som of the
greatest saw mills in the world are here. The mo t recent
figures give 666,000 acres of timber land out of the nin
hundred and eighty thousand acres t omprising the total a r •
age of the county. Residents are few, there being but 20,000
in the Parish. Leesville, the county seat, has but 2,500 p ople.
It is a modern little city, and a pretty one, with good chools
and modern conveniences·.
·
The Highlands of Vernon Parish are fertile and productive.
Moreover, these piney highlands are healthful. There are no
mosquitoes, no malaria, no fevers. The people. are healthy.
A letter from Dr. Oscar Dowling, to the WESTERN COMRADE in a!lswer to questions concerning the health conditions of Vernon Parish, brought the followin g answer:
New Orleans, Ln.
.Sep t. 7, 191 7.
Llano Publica tions :
Llano. CaL
Gentlemen :
Your inqu iry concerning Vernon Parish received and it is n
pleasure to sta le that health conditions in the entire sta le of Louieiono
will compare favo rably w; th those of any o ther Southern slnle . . .
As Sta le Health Oif,cer. I travel ove r the alatc- ev n 10 the
remo te rural dis tricts- many limes every year. I have been in Vernon
during the las t seven years a number of limes. The cit izens 1h re or
very healthful in appearance, and the schools are ru nning over. Bo th
of these t· consider mos t excellent indications of good conditions.
An adeq uate supply of potable waler n\ay be had in ony
sec tion of Vernon, and if the residents are reaaonably careful 01 to
their sani tary environs • . . they need nol fear sickness any more
than in any other ,pari of the coun try. .
Very truly yours.
OSCAR DOWLING. President
The weather conditions are also favorabl e. Though there
is no weather bureau station in Vernon P arish, there is one
at Sugartown just a few mil~s south and one at Robeline, a
few miles north of the Colony property. Precipitation for
Robeline is given at 45 inches for the year, for Sugartown
at 53 for the year. Mean temperature for the year is highest
at both stations during july and August, and stands at b~
!ween 81 and 82. Lowest mean temperature is given at
Robeline at 47 in December and January, and at SUgartown
at 50 and 51 for December, January and February. Thete
figures are taken from records covering a number of places.
Thus it will be seen that there is ample rainfall, and very
little cold weather, giving a growing season of at leatt ejpt
months.
The Commission of Agriculture and Immigration hat this
lo say regarding Vernon Parish:
Ibis Pan.L is situated in lbe wmem part of lbe •We. ad
aJDiaios 966.600 iJICUS of lad. The formatioa is itbid,- piN hiL,
The K - City ~
· parith. It If ~ by
wid. a Jiulr ;moine aad alhmal lad..
...DLoad nms IIIOI1b aad _...
S:.IJi.: aad c..Jc..i.o n ·on.
lbr~
by
bar-
c-.~r.
c..o.-. ,.__
�the Western Comrade
Page &e\letl
among them being ~ech, magnolia, white oak, cypress, walnut,
post oak, red oak, sweet gum, hickory. The trees are· very
large; magnificent specimens of their kind. There is also m'u ch
good pine, though the trees are scattered in small -groups. It
will, however, serve to supply the Colony with all of its needs
for many years to come.
"Among the. first que5tions a'siced are: What will the:land
produce?
What kind of soil is it? Is it easily worked? . • .
m·
· ·"The: ·soil is a gray sand, underlaid with a deep ·red -subs'~il.
It Is easily· ·worked, but it must be remembered that this tract
is almost entirely covered with stumps, and these must be
The crop r~port for the year 1916 gives the following· data taken out, although it is possible to farm with them· in the
· land for a while. The trees were cut off about -fifteen years
regarding crops produced in Vernon Parish.·_ ·
·
· 'ago.
.
Cotton ................ 1598 bales S~eet potatoes.... 100,000 bu.
"The land is highly productive and good results can be
Corn ............ 240,000 bushels Irish potatoes ...... 10,000 bu. ·secured for the labor applied, but it means work and lots of
Syrup .............. 4500 barrels Hay ...................
700 tons it. On the land are several small farms, and inquiries wer.e
Peanuts .......... 1,000 bushels Oats ................ 7,000· bushels ·made to ascertain what is grown and what the production is.
Among the live stock listed are 15,075 head of cattle, 5,864 Special attention was given to learning whether the land would
hogs, besides sheep, goats, horses, mules, etc., proving con- produce the very first year, and. also whether it would retain
its fertility. It was found, by questioning there, that the land
vincingly that this is an ideal stock country.
Forage crops grow splendidly, and Louisiana can boast of will produce from the first, and that the variety of crops is
many varieties of grasses. In these piney highlands, which extensive. Moreover, it will retain its fertility, though of
are 240 feet above sea level, rolling, well-drained, with rich course the rotation of crops, rational methods, and the applisoil and healthful environment, many kinds of forage grasses cation of fertili'zer crops or fertilizers are quite as essential
grow and as a stock country it is so good that this promises for big results as they are anywhere else. One of these
to become one of the greatest meat producing regions of North farms. had been farmed for fifteen years and is a paying
:·
America. Here the livestock of the Colony can be pastured proposition.
"The land will produce many crops. There is no finer fig
through most of the year, and made ready for market at little
district . anywhere. This will surprise those who had concost.
sidered California the finest fig growing state. Cotton and
What The Committee Reported
corn and sugar cane are the big paying crops. Melons of
When the committee was selected by the Colonists to view, all kinds produce wonderfully. This is in the pecan district.
Peaches, plums, prunes,
investigate, and report, it went with a full sense of the tremen- Oats are profitably grown here.
dous responsibility resting on it, and its report is given with cherries are all profitable, as are berries of nearly every ·variety.
all due care for accuracy. The committee consisted of Pre- Not far away, in this same general district, the growing of
si.-1 1t job Harriman and Secretary W. A. Engle of the Llano strawberries is a special i'n dustry. Raspberries, blackberries,
del Rio Company of Nevada, and Robert E. White, assistant and dew berries grow wild. With the exception of -citrus
fruits, there ·are practically no fruits but what can be produced
superintendent of the ranch. The report i_s given here.
"The state of Louisiana is a rich and beautiful but sadly here, not only for home use, but also commercially, and made
neglected state. It has not yet completely recovered from the to pay. Vegetables of all kinds do exceptionally well. There
blow dealt it during the Civil War. This is one of the reasons will be no difficulty in producing everything for our own use,
why its land has not been taken up before and why it is pos- and having a great abundance to dispose of. We should be
sible for the Colony to secure this vast, rich territory. Even able to market a large quantity · of corn, cotton, me1ons, potayet there are old plantations which have never . been touched toes; cane and peanuts the first season.
"On this land ·are a number of small cottages which can be
since the war, the buildings lorig since fallen into .d ecay, the.·
lands grown again with pines, some almost large enough to utilized by having just a little work done on them . . Lumber
be made into lumber.
·
· is easily secured, and the building of other houses' is a matter
"The stream of emigration has been westward, and Louis- of compara tively little_ expense. On an adjoining piece of
iana, neglecting to advertise her wonderful resources, has been land is a saw mill, and it is possible that we will be able to
overlooked. Even those from the. South, westward bound, secure this mill for Colony uses at less cost than one ·cou!d be
passed through Louisiana without stopping, and have gone taken from 'Llano.
"One of the advantages we will enjoy is being close to the
on into Texas.
"But this year there is drou.th in Texas. There are vast railroad, so that transportation will not be a seriou5 proble!TI.
districts as barren as the desert, the cattle and other stock Leesville, close by, has a good high school and good grammar
driven off in search of pasturage, the fields mere dry wastes. schools. Our educational problem will not be a serious one.
"There is no disease, except such as"- found in any d isNo rain ·has fallen for many months, and what was once a
productive land is now being deserted. The people are leav- trict anywhere in almost any country. The environment is
ing, and the stream of emigration is this time eastward again, good and the health conditions are excellent. There are no
east into the heretofore neglected and overlooked Mississippi mosquitoes. · Though W¢ were there in the· early part of
states, where this year the corn and cotton crops are large, September, the heat was not oppressive, and we slept under
blankets every night. This condition did not exist in other
for this land does not have drouth. · The rains never fail.
'The land- for which the Colony has bargained, an im- parts of Louisiana even at that time. The people are alert,
mense tract of 16,000 acres, is sout-hwest of Leesville. On progressive, and of the kind that it is a pleasure to. be among.
it are perhaps 1200 a<;res of the finest of hardwood timber,
"Water in the wells is clear as crystal, and as pure as water
comparable with the best to be found anywhere · in the Missis- can be. In the streams, however, the water is discolored by
sippi Valley. Its estimated value runs up into the hundreds the leaves and vegetation, though not impure. Fish live in
of thousands of dollars. These trees are of several kinds, it. Large ones are caught in the stream which flows through
Water is ~bundant- and of good
'
"Leesville, on the Kansas City Southern railroad, is the farish seat.
Cotton is the chief crop product, and com and hay, oa.ts;~peas, sweet ·
potatod, Irish potatoes, and sorghum are grown. The fruits and nuts
are peaches, pears, pecans, apples, figs, pomegranates, plums, and
grapes. Livestock comprises cattle, sheep, hogs, and horses. Game
consists of deer, squirrels, coons, oposs11ms, rabbits, beaver, wild
turkeys, wild ducks, partridges, woodcock, pheasant, becasine snipe,
the
plover and rice birds. There are fine varieties of fish found
streams, amo_ng them· trout, pike, bar fish~ and bass. The timber is
pine, oak, elm, gum, willow, hickory, and cottonwood. Extensive areas
of long leaf pine exist."
·
coco, and numerous small streams.
q~~~
'
�Page eight
The Western Comrade
' this property. About twelve miles away 'is the Sabine River,
which is full of fish of several varieties.
"No liquor is sold in Louisiana. It is a dry state. . It is
a place to make a home and to want to live. The need of
Louisiana has, been men and money, and her resources have
been largely untouched. Only about twenty per cent of the
arable land is under cultivation. Vast fertile tracts are not
producing. just recently have efforts been made to develop
the agricultural resources as they should be. In Vernon Parish
the land has been covered with timber, which has, of course,
prevented agricultural development, but as this is being rapidly
cut off, the time is close when it will all be under cultivation."
"This report is not by any means complete, but it will
give a good idea of what to expect. The land is· rich, but
it requires work to make it produce. ·We investigated every
phase of it we could think of, and we believe that no place
we have ever seen combines so many advantages.
"A summary of what is secured with the new Colony possessions will give a more adequate idea of the wonderful
possibilities and the ease with which it may be developed
and made to become productive.
16,000 acres of land in all;
1,200 acres of hardwood timber;
27 good habitable houses;
One 18-room hotel, in fairly
good condition;
I 00 cheap houses;
One shed 130x300 feet;
One shed 130x200 feet;
One shed 80x 100 feet;
One store 30x90 feet, fixtures
in good shape;
1 concrete power house;
One office 40x50 feet, iron
safe included;
Eight other sheds and structures;
2 million feet of lumber in
these wooden buildings.
5 concrete drying kilns, each
about 20x70 and 20 feet
high, cost $12,000;
Railroad bed with ties (no
rails) through the middle
of the tract, connecting
with railroad on each side.
"The value of the abov~. aside from the labor put into
them, is quite a consideration, and will save a vast amount
of time and work. Besides housing the first families who go
there, the industries can also be well housed and no time will
be lost in providing for them.
"Very little work will be required to put the buildings into
condition so that they may be used at once.
"This is indeed the most wonderful opportunity, and nothing
can hinder the progress of the Colony. There is every reason
to believe that within a short time the Llano Colony in Louisiana will be a producing, thriving, growing concern, a source
of interest to all, a means of livlihood and more to those
within it."
Some idea of the vastness of a 16,000 acre tract of land
may be secured by remembering that if 16,000 acres were
laid out in one long narrow strip, one mile wide, it would
extend for 25 miles. just imagine some point 25 miles away
and think how immense this is! Or, if we were in a more
nearly square shape, which it is, it would be 5 miles in length
and 5 miles in width.
So well impressed were the people of Texas and Oklahoma,
that they gave substantial pledges of their intention of becoming members immediately the tract is ready to receive
members. Before the deal was fully closed, thirty families
· were ready to become residents of the New Llano. This is
the kind of recommendation that the people who know Western Louisiana are giving. One comrade from Texas writes
that there will be 75 to 100 ready to come in by December
first. And this means that the first exten:.ion work of the Llano
Colony will be a gigantic success from the very first.
In spite of war and high prices and mistakes and hardships
and disappointment and attacks by those who cannot or will
not understand, the co-operative colony movement ia going
ahead and the wo derful work attempted by the Llano del Rio
Colony has just really commenced. ·
Inquiries made in the' Llano Colony indicate that a majority
of the people here will desire to go to Louisiana to give the
new Colony a start. Not all, of course, will go, for there are
many so enamored of the climate and the wonderful views that
they will not leave. Others came here, drawn largely because
of ~he ~ealthful c~nditions, the dryness of this climate being
the particular quality that attracted them. These persons will
not want to go. They are here to stay.
But many of the people of Llano naturally have the desire to
change environment. It is of' their chief characteristics. They
are venturesome by nature. The · idea of extending the work '\
of the Llano Colony, of invading the Solid South with the
ideas of co-operation applied, appeals to them.
So the likelihood is that a majority will want to go to Louisiana. They wil pack up their household utensils and goods.
The industries will be taken down, some of them, and moved
to the new center of activity. The temporary tent houses will
be razed to the ground, the canvas converted into many purposes, the frame work made into other articles and used in
·
building.
. It is to be a titanic task, this one of moving a city. It means
incessant activity. It means securing many cars, perhaps a
$185,000 has been spent in hard-surfacing the roads in Vernon Parish.
Further Improvements are being made yearly.
whole train. The road will be lined with loads of goods bound
for Palmdale.
.Of course, this does not mean the abandonment of Llano,
California. It merely means expansion. Those who are left
will carry on the enterprise. They will develop the water, put
it on the land, disitribute it through the ditches to the points
where it is most needed. They will plant the orchards and
care for them. Theirs will be the task of carrying out the
plans which have been made.
Llano Socialists have come, have worked out their theories,
and have demonstrated them. They have stripped theory of
its non-essentials and have reduced it to a practice. They
KNOW their Socialism. Theirs is not mere theory, untried.
Theirs is the experience born of three years of worthy effort,
of genuine constructive work, of pioneering where man and
nature frowned, where powerful enemies oppressed, where ignorance cast its obstacles in their path, and where the fainthearted quit and the doubters left.
But it has made its place. It has everything in .its favor.
Llano the Second is born, and by the time this reaches the
readers, it will already be a lusty youngster, anxious to conquer and subjugate the 16,000 acres before it.
[The November WESTERN COMRADE will tell about the plans being
made for handling and developing the new Colony.)
�The Weatern Comrade
Sl
ou:rH
The Devil's Punch · Bowl
of Llano, tucked away in the surrounding the trail and off to the west are still higher peaks. Many are
hills, and scarce visible from the road unless special quite rugged, and some are almost sponge-like in appearance,
attention is directed toward it, lies a huge mass of being honey-combed with deep, narrow caves which reach
____ con!(lomerate rock, worn and eroded, seared by time into the .dark interior of the peaks.
Some of these caves are quite large, and one which is ·
ana s~o;m, perforated by innumerable little caves, carved
into deep c~ nyons and ravines. Uplifted masses rear them- easily accessible, though not visible from the trail and perhaps
s ,Ives above the general level. A precarious trail winds along 500 yards west of it, is large enough to shelter a dozen men.
cliffs that look down hundreds of feet into the chasms below. Bees are occupants of many small fissures and holes in the
It is a weird and picturesque spot, little visited, rich iR scenic cliffs. High up on some of the crests can · be seen dark openwonders, a small reproduction of some of the wonders seen ings about which buzzards wheel and sail, and in which are
probably their nests.
ir. the Grand Canyon of the Colorado.
With exception of the trees along the rivulet before menThe Devil's Punch Bowl it is calle.!. It is perhaps a mile
in width and two miles or more in length, paralleling the tioned, anc.l a clump of pine trees near the trail in another
ranges of the Sierra Madres. Almost devoid of vegetation, place where a depression has permitted soil to collect enough
yet circled by more or less verdant hills the spot is one to to nourish some hardy pines, there is little vegetation with
exception of some manzanita and greasewood that clings
long be remembered.
Visitors are not taken to the Devil's Punch Bowl when to the steep, rocky walls, their roots prenetrating the crevices
they visit Llano. Some go to the timber where the logging of the rocks and finding in some mysterious manner, food and
camp is, where pretty, though diminutive, Jackson's Lake is water on which to survive.
This whole, upheaved rocky mass lies in strata, the lines
a cool and inviting spot ; some go to the Fish Hatchery where
the cienegas, flowing from the dry bed of a seasonal creek, of which are visible at .considerable distances. Great uptilted
unite to form the Big Rock, and these visitors marvel at the ledges, pointing at angles of 45 degrees toward the north,
each perfectly parallel with its neighbors, lean like multiplied
springs thus bursting forth.
But the Devil's Punch Bowl is not Llano property and it towers of Pisa, vast and mysterious and enticing.
In this land of the Devil's Punch Bowl, b:->.rren of vegetais not easily accessible. There is a way to reach it by automobile. That is by way of the Pallet Valley, a valley high tion, nearly, there's a charm and a beauty that is difficult to
above the Antelope Valley, snuggled up close to the highest describe. Deep clefts have been worn by tiny s•reams of
southern mountain range visible from Llano, in the protected water which have persistently cut away at the soft rock till
coves and ;'lrroyes of which are small farms. But the road they have worn their way through. Through these gateways,
from Uano to the Pallet Valley is neither direct nor good, V-shaped, inverted pyramids of space cut deep into the rock.
and those who make the trip once do not care to make it are glimpsed enchanting views of the far-off, low-lying hills,
and the still further, vast stretches of the Antelope Valley,
again unless it is necessary.
There is another way and a direct one. That is to go rimmed in the blue distance by the pale Tehachapi mountains,
through the beautiful Valyermo ranch, perhaps five miles misty and uncertain on the northern horizon.
There's nothing of value, but there's much of beauty in the
south of Llano. The road to this place is excellent. But the
rest of the trip to the Bowl must be made afoot. However, Devil's Punch Bowl, and those who leave Southern California
to visit better advertised regions could spend wonderful days
the trail is good, and it is easily followed.
Standing sentinel guard over the North Portal of the Bowl here and never be more than I 00 miles from Los Angeles,
is a giant mass of red rock. A narrow defile through the within 50 miles in a direct line.
It is one of the wonderful things of this wonderful spot
hills which mask the Punch Bowl widens rapidly and the
vast upheavals of grayiih rock are piled higher and higher. on the edge of the Antelope Valley, part of the Mojave Desert.
Trickling out through the south ~ap is a little stream . It It is one of the surprises ; and comoarativel:v few even of those
does not ~~:et far, soon being absorbed by the thirsty sand, living in the Colony, have ever visited the Devil's Punch Bowl
licked up by the ardent sun, and drunk by the roots of the and viewed its rugged crags, its deep chasms, its .caves, its .
alders that line the little stream. A splendid camp ground, p~aks , its perpendicular cliffs of conglomerate. Some day its
long known and reached by a short trail branching off from charm will be appreciated and commercialized, and together
the main one, with plenty of wood. with clear, cold. pure with other points of interest here, neglected and appraised
water in abundance m11kes this a delightful place to remain. at but a fraction of their value will be the haunt of tourists
The source of the little rivulet is about 200 yards above this and visitors, in summer because of the delightfulness of the
spot. where .it emerges from beneath the foot of a cliff. Early mountains at that season and because it is vacation timcw- in
in the morning there is a generous How ; by night it has winter because residents of Southern California can vary the
dwindled to a mere trickle, but it is unfailing throughout the monotony of the winter days by quick, easy trips to scenes
year. Why it should be so low in the evening is not fully of snow. And those from the East, pining for a glimpse of
explained by absorption, by the amount taken in by tree roots, snow and the bite of frost again, can enjoy it till the novelty
and that which is evaporated. The interesting explanation wears off, returning home again, all within a day, for the
has been advanced that the mass of rock in the cliff becomes Devil's Punch Bowl is 4000 feet above sea level and there's
heated during the day, expands, and in this expansion closes olenty of snow there in the winter time. It is probably more
the crevice until only a small dribble comes out of the earth- beautiful then, even , than it is in the summer. But seen
quake fault, just as one might shut off a faucet.
summer or winter. only those lacking in a perception of the
Leaving camp, and again taking to the trail, one is soon beauties of Nature or those surfeited with scenes of grandeur
high up toward the crest of the formations, for the trail dis- can fail to be . impressed with the beauties of the rugged,
dains the valley and holds to the ridge. It is an old and rocky pocket h1dden among the narrow range of hills that .
wellworn one, probably used when these mountains were pros- divides the Antelope Valley from the smaller Pallet Valley.
pected over.
It can never become a popular place, but it merits a journey
On every side are deep clefts, while rising higher than of many miles, and well repays the effort.
�Page ten
The Western Comrade
'
The Revolution ~ In North Dakota
Written Specially For the Western Comrade.
[This is the first of three articles by H. G. Teigan, telling the
story of the Nonpartisan League of North Dakota.)
RTH DAKOTA is an agricultural state, and wheat is
its chi~f produc!. It is, ~n fact, the greatest wheat
producmg state m the Union.
.
.
--But while North Dakota has produced such an
abundance of wheat that it has become known as the "bread
basket" of the world, the fact remains that the finished product-flour-is not made in North Dakota, but in Minneapolis.
At Minneapolis, in Minnesota, are the great flour mills of the
country. These mills grind into flour the wheat .produced on
the fields of North Dakota.
Early in the history of the Northwest, a group of shrewd
and far-seeing men saw the opportunity of establishing at
Minneapolis a permanent gouge in the form of flour mills and
a grain buying ·agency. This grain buying agency became
known as the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce. In 1881 a
law was passed by the Minnesota legislature conferring upon
the Chamber of Commerce the exclusive right to estabHsh the
rules governing its operations. The courts were ousted of all
jurisdiction in regulating its rules. Only the legislature has
power to set these rules aside, and so long as the big millers
and grain gamblers control the legislature, it is not likely that
the rules will in any way be interfered with. It might be of
some interest to know that the Governor of Minnesota, when
this law was passed, was none other than John S. Pillsbury,
the founder of the Pillsbury Flour Mills.
Now to understand the pernicious character of the Chamber
of Commerce in its relation to the farmers of the Northwest,
it is important to have a fair understanding of how this institution controls prices. The Chamber of Commerce not only
buys and sells real grain, but it also buys and sells fictitious
grain-"futures"- that is never delivered or intended to be
delivered. By these gambling methods of the Chamber, it is
an easy matter to force prices down at certain times of the
year, .and in like manner compel them to rise at other times of
the year.
At a hearing before the committee of the Minnesota legislature in 1913, these highly important facts were established:
I. Future sales in .the Mi-nneapolis Chamber of Commerce alone has totalled not less than the stupendous sum
of $J.O,OOO,OOO a year. Prices paid to farmers by millers
for real wheat are fixed by the prices made by the operations of the pit gamblers.
2. Of the three hundred eighteen specified memberships,
one hundred thirty-five were held by line elevators; fiby
by millers; thirty-nine by terminal elevators; and two hundred by commission houses. The remainder of the members were feed men, shippers, manufacturers, linseed oil
men, and others. (In this testimony of John G. McHugh,
secreta~y ~f th.e Chamber of Commerce, there is evidently
a duphcatton m the enumeration of the owners of memberships.)
.3 .. Much testimony was brou-ght out showing how_commts.sJOn houses. ~w~ed subsidiary companies, sold grain to
then own substdtanes and bought it from them.
4. According to Mr. McHugh, "there are commission
ch~rges for buying as well as selling, and for future transactions" a~d the rules permitting these multiple commissions
are estabhshed ·by the very men who pocket the- commtsstons.
5. Methods of manipulation are such as to force · the
farmer to accept an inadequate price for his wheat, and to
By
H~ -G.
T e i g an
Those Copying Please Give Credit.
boost the price to the consumers after the traders. have obtained control of the market.
.
6. Mr. McHugh contended that the Chamber was a "private corporation" and was, therefore, in no way obliged_
to publish its affairs.
.
7.. It was shown at this investigation that the Chamber of
Commerce robbed the farmers o1,1t of millions of dollars by
a false systerp of grading: Between September I, 1910,
dnd August 31, 1912, the terminal elevators (owned by the
Chamber of Commerce) of Minneapolis, received 15571,-.
575 bushels of No. I Northern wheat; but during the same
period these same elevators shipped out 19,978,777 bushels
of the same grade. Yet they had no wheat of this grade on
hand at the beginning of the period, and 114,454 bushels
at the end of the period. A like condition was true of No.
2 Northern, but the reverse was true of the lower grades:
This merely goes to prove that the Chamber of Commerce
bought the farmers' wheat at grades far too low. Now it
must be borne in mind that there is considerable difference
in the prices of the high and low grades of wheat. There
are other minor steals that I could discuss, but the above
will suffice to show what sort of a proposition the wheat
farmers are up against. (See "Facts.for the Farmer," published by National Nonpartisan League.)
But the Chamber of Commerce and the big mills have not
been the only exploiters of the farmer. The ban-ks have been
equally bad. It frequently happens that the farmers of the
Northwest do not harvest a large crop, and, with low prices
for their grain, it becomes incumbent upon them to borrow
money at the banks. Often, too, in former years, .the homesteader was compelled to borrow money to buy machinery,
horses, a few cows, and oth~r things necessary in farming. Invariably the banker charged an interest rate of at least twelve
per cent on these loans. Only on real estate could a slightly
lower rate be obtained. With the Chamber of Commerce
pounding down the price of wheat in the fall, and the banks
at that very time demanding payment of interest and principal,
the farmer was caught "a-comin' and a-goin'."
The effect that this double skinning game had on the farmers can be seen from the following report of the Census:
In 1910 the total number of farms owned in whole .or in
part by the operators was 63212. Of this number 30,651
were reported as free from mortgage; 31,728 were reported
a s mortgaged, and for 833 no report relative to mortgage
indebtedness was obtained. The number of mortgaged
farms constituted 50.9 per cent of the total number of owned farms, exclusive of those for which no mortgage repo'r t
was obtained. In 1900 such farms constituted 3 ·1.4 per
cent, and in 1890, 48.7 per cer.t. It may be noted that
the per centages given fo'r the three censuses are comparable, but that the number of mortgages and unmortgaged
farms reported in 1890 is not entirely comparable with the
numbers reported at the later censuses, because at the census of 1890 the farms for which no reports were secured
were distributed betweeen the two classes of mortgaged and
unmortgaged farms. It Is evident, however, that the number of mortgaged farms .d ecreased slightly from 1890 to
1900, but increased greatly from 1900 to 1910.
Since that time . the mortgage indebtedness has increased
at an enormous rate. It has been estimated that at least
seventy-five per cent of the farms of North Dakota are now
.
plastered with one or more mortgages.
This condition of things was primarily responsible for the
revolt of the farmers that took place in 1915. Of course
�T h e We •
v
t
Page eleven
e r n C o.m r a-d e
there were other more immediate causes. Two of these I
·
shall here briefly mention:
l.
The work of the State Union of the American Society
of Equity.
··
2. The wo'Tk of the Socialist party.
The work of the Equity Society was confined very largely
to a specific agitation for the .inauguration of changes in
the grain grading system and the establishment of a stateowned terminal elevator either in Minnesota or ·Wisconsin,
or within the state.
It may be of some interest to know that as early as I 893
a law was passed appropriating $100,000 for the establishment of a state elevator at Duluth, Minnesota, or at Superior,
Wisconsin. Nothing was done to establish this c;levator, and
as a matter of fact, nothing could be done, inasmuch as the
law was in violation of the state constitution. The framers
of the state constitution four years before had seen to it
that the gambling game of the Chamber of Commerce should
in no way be interfered with. Thus it was that the Equity
Society commenced a new agitation for the establishment
of a state-owned elevator, about 1908.
In 1909 the legislature was induced to pass a resolution
for a constitutional amendment authorizing the state to estab"
lish a sta te-owned terminal elevator, and with the passage
of the same resolution by the 1911 legislature, the proposed
a mendment went to the people for approval in the fall of
1912. The a mendment was ra tified by an overwhelming
vote. The 191 3 legislature, however, practically refused to
obey the ma nda te of the voters as expressed in the vote on
the constitutional amendment. The 1915 legislature also
ignored the expressed dema nd of the people a nd even went
so fa r as to repeal the law passed by the previous legisla ture
a ppropriating a small amount for an elevator fund.
During the same period that the Equity Society was agitating for the establishment of a state-owned terminal elevator,
the Socialist party was also carrying on a vigorous campaign
throughout the state. Its propaganda was confined very largely to the "immediate dema nds," viz.: for establishment of
state-owned terminal elevators, flour mills, packing houses,
cold storage plants, exemption of farm improvements from
taxation a nd such other measures as would be of benefit to
the fa rmer in controlling the marketing of his products. In
short, it was a farmer propaga nda.
Thus it was that in the spring of 1915 the farmers of the
sta te were seething with revolt. The only thing necessary
was a mea ns of crytallizing the revolutionary sentiment.
Here a man of rem a rkabl~ genius as an organize r appeared
on the scene and commenced the work of active organization.
This man was A. C. Townley. In order to fully appreciate
the story of the early development of the Nonpa rtisan League,
I wish to quote from one of his speeches delivered at Grand
Forks, March 31st, 1917·, two years after the founding of
the League. The following is Mr. Townley's own story:
"Most of the farmers in this state do not know how the
Nonpartisan League started. They don't know a nything
about this Movement in the early months of its development; this thing that is big enough now so that it attracts
the attention of all the people of the United States. You
and they want to know about it, so I am going to tell you,
that just a little more than two years ago, out here in the
county of McHenry, at Deering, North Dakota (most of you
know where it is) I met Mr. Wood here- Howard Wood- you
see him in the corner there-and his father, Mr. F. B. Wood.
I had met them down at Bismarck at that legislative session.
I had talked with them and with Mr. Bowen and two or three
others, about a plan to organize the farmers of the state · and
capture the government of the state.
·
"We had an idea, just an idea, and on the first day of March
or the last day of February, I came out to Mr. Howard Wood's
place at Deering. I called him up over the phone. I had
told Mr. Wood about mY plan to build the Nonpartisan
Le·a gue; but he did not expect me t.o come there in the winter
when there was snow <?n the ground. But he knew what I
meant when I phoned all right. And he met me on the sidewalk. I will never forget how he looked the day and the hour
and· the minute that he looked at ·me and shook hands.
·
"He said to me (because he knew what I was "there for) :
'What the devil."are you out here at this time of the year for?'
"He thought I was coming .in the summer, and there I was
in the middle ofwinter with plans, as he knew, to organize all
the farmers of the state.
"No we didn't have any of the funds that are back of the
Republican party or the Democratic party. We didn't have
any money to build this organization. All we had was just
the idea. And the story to tell.
"You know I have got a reputation of having gone broke.
I want to plead guilty to that. I don't need to emphasize that
very much here. You all know that as a farmer .I was not
much more successful than the average farmer. I want to tell
you that there is not very much diHerence between myself and
a good many other farmers except .that I went broke and founc'
it out, where a good many fellows go broke and don't know it.
That is all the difference. ·(Laughter and applause).
"And when I found out that to farm under the conditions
that you farmers have to live under, made it impossible for a
ma n ever to hope to win an honest competence, .I· simply quit
and said: THERE IS ANOTHER WAY OUT. I am going to
cut out this. I know a different way.
"So I roamed around about the prairies of North Dakota
for about a yea r and a half, talking to the farmers. I used to
walk thirty miles a day sometimes and talk to the different
farmers as I came to them. I thought I understood the matter.
I went from one to the other a nd I talked to them, hours, and
discussed things with them, sometimes an hour, sometimes
two, to see whether there was not something that could be
done.
"You may think it was peculiar, a funny thing, that I ~ould
tramp back and forth in that wav talking to farmers. But I
thought that an organization could be built. I did not know1 was not sure. So I went on and on, and talked to farmers,
discussed things with them. And we would come to the conclusion that SOMETHING HAD TO BE DONE. or there was
not any use staying on the farm. And so I got that idea and
tha t expe rience.
''Mr. Howa rd Wood and his fa ther knew I had gone broke
as a fa rmer, a nd I was discredited. My neighbors iind all
pe0ple knew that I was out hollering against conditions; and
when I came to Mr. Wood without any money-my .wife at
that time was sick in St. Paul, and I was withou·t any moneywith nothing but a PLAN to organize the farmers of North
Dakota in one summer- when I came to his house when the
snow was still on the ground, as~ing him to help me do that,
you can readily understand what he meant when he said:
'What the devil are you doing out here at this time of the
year?'
"Mr. Wood had been in the state eight or ten years, and
had given about half of his time to trying to build an organization and had not got very far. And he had friends! And
here I came to Wood's place without any money, without any
friends, with NOTHING BUT A STORY! You begin to get
some idea of the situation.. I wonder how many men there
a re in this room that I could have got to get out a team and
go with me to see a neighbor with a proposition like that? Of
course, if I had had a good reputation, like Jerry Bacon here
(Bacon is the owner and editor of an Anti-League sheet at
(Continu•d on page 30)
�Pqe twelve
T h e We
The N'e w Socialism
1 I
e r n Co m r a d e
By Alec watkins
Written Specially For the . Western Comrade. Those Copying Please Give Credit.
- - - HERE is the Socialist Party today}
under the burden of Capitalism, and we could do nothing to
It's activities in many directions have practically set it free.
·
ceased. Part of its press has been suppressed and
N_o thing should be ~ore obvious than that if the .Co-op_ __ the rest of it muzzled. Some of its members are in erative Commonwealth ts tc await the time when the majority
· prison, and more are likely to be. Others, more or less pro- of men are able to comprehend the Class Struggle in all its ·
minent in the counsels of the party in the past, have deserted r~mifications, · the reign of Capitalism is secure for a long
the ranks and are now dividing their time between. firing lime to come.
long-distance broadsides at the Kaiser and hurling verbal
Our first need is Power. Where are we to get it?
stink-pots at their former comrades. The majoritY remains
From whence does any political party derive its power?
lrue to their organization, but their organization is utterly
should not be nece~sary to repeat the answer, but our
unable to afford them a means cf tioing effective work.
creed-loving Marxian friends seem to be singularly incapable
Before the war the Socialist Party was like a ship at sea, of grasping it. Any power that a political party may possess
without chart or compass, and headed for nowhere but the is drawn from the economic group whose interests it represents.
horizon. And the storm came and wrecked it.
Can the Socialist Party make any progress in its present
Why was the late Progressive Party a dismal failure? It
shape? It cannot. No organization can do anything with- had the support of able and influential men, men experienced
out power; and the Socialist Party has none. It was impotent in politics, men who held the . confidence of a large part of
in lime of peace; it cannot expect to be otherwise in time the people. But they were held together only by an emotional
of war. It failed to prepare for war in time of peace.
idealism which found expression in the demand for certain
It is useless to blind ourselves to
mildly-benificent reforms. The Profacts. We have been powerless in
gressive Party failed because the busithe past, we are powerless now, and
ness interests of the country were alE must understand that a
we will continue to be powerless as
ready attached to one or the other
long as we cling to the methods that
of the principal parties.
man is not of necessity a
have rendered our labors futile in the
It will be a source of satisfaction
fool or a knave because of his inyears that have gone.
to some Socialists to know that the
ability to recite the Communist
The situation is not entirely hopeindependent Socialist Party, that it is
Manifesto backwards. We must
less. Let us hope that when the Fedproposed to form of the Socialists who
learn to utilize the forces that
eral authorities entered the National
have left the party since we entered
office of the Social Party a few days
may not be consciously socialistic,
the war, would also collapse for the
ago they destroyed the dogmatism and
same fundamental reason-unless they
but whose progress inevitably leads
fanaticism that bound the movement
sieze upon the opportunity which we
in the direction of Socialism. We
hand and foot and killed the growth.
have neglected. A group of idealists
must
make
co-operation
not
only
When the war ends, it will be
may exercise a limited usefulness as
an ideal to be realized in the distant
necessary to re-build the party. How
an educational force, but no matter
future, but the immediate policy
shall we do it? In the past we built
how eloquent or able its members,
it on argumentation, debates, pamit can acquire no power while it reof our party.
phlets, lectures, words without• end.
mains dissociated from the everyday
In the future we must lay its foundaconcerns of the interests upon whose
tions deep in our economic institutions.
behalf it essays to speak.
In ·the past we have preached the Class Struggle; in the
The reason that our rigid Marxians fail to realize this elefuture we must get into it- that we may finally end it.
mental fact is perhaps because, like all dogmatists, they attach
We must remake our party, reshape its policy, and reverse importance to the letter rather than to the spirit of the teachour mental attitude.
ings of their master. They passionately affirm allegiance to
We have been narrow, fanatl'cal, dogmatic. Dogmatism all the theories enunciated by Marx, some of them hastily and
inevitably breeds suspicion, intolerance, bitterness. We have imperfectly conceived, but ignore the severely practical spirit
been disgustingly, childishly suspicious of all who could not that characterized ·his entire work. No one did more than
subscribe to our infallible creed.
Marx in his time to rescue the sanguine souls wh~ pinning
Let us make no mistake. Bitter though it will be to the all their faith in the potency of persuasion, believed that the
dogmatist and the doctrinaire, we must be prepared to take Social Commonwealth would suddenly and miraculously spring
to our bosom many whose souls are still scarlet with the sins from man's natural goodness of heart.
The Socialist Party must definitely identify itself with every
of capitalism, many to whose minds the theories of Marx are
unknown. And we must be constantly ready to co-operate economic organization whose progress lies in the direction of
with organizations whose feet do not always tread the path Socialism.
we would have them tread.
The political Socialist must become an active unionist, and
Fusion! This is heresy, of course. We have but one altern- the unions must go into politics. This means a struggle in
ative; we can repeat the performance of the past. We can the unions, but it is useless to evade the issue; it is inevitable.
stand by ourselves apart, viewing the struggle from the dizzy It is not necessary to make academic socialists of the members
heights of our own creedal perfection, refusing to soil our of the unions; it is only necessary to convince them that they
skirts by contact with the multitude who are still unwashed in suffer a loss of power through limiting their organized acour own superior brand of holy water.
tivity to the industrial field. It is not necessary to fill the
No doubt our company would be select, and certainly it union halls with socialist oratory; but it is necessary that the
would be exclusive; but the world would continue to groan
(Continued on page 30)
W
.t
W
�The Western
Pace
Comrade
My Californian
By D. Bobspa .
S
lURDY little native son
Of four,
In nightie, ready to sail
The dream ship journey
To the Sandman's palace,
Gazed intent at colored map.
"This is Cal'fornia,
Where I was horned,"
In triumphant announcement;
And then,
"Was you, Daddy, .and Muvver
Borned in Cal'fornia too?"
just Hoosier-born,
We had to confess
Our position
Outside the pale of the elect.
A puzzled look on
That eage r, earnest face.
Then a smile.
One
below is
but they
Antelope
of the wonderful views looking through a cleft
the Valyermo Ranch; across the range of hills
are not so easily represented on paper. This one
Valley can be seen the Lovejoy Buttes and the
"But I had you, Daddy and Muvver,
In Indiana." ·
Confession once again
To that little
California lad.
In Love's young honeymoon
On banks of
"The Wabash far away,"
Full fruition had not come
To consecrate our altar.
Undaunted, undismayed,
Our California sunbeam
Quickly flashed
Triumphant answer,
"But I wanted you;
Daddy and Muvver,
An' I cwied an' cwied,
An' you tame
Across the desert
An' the mountains
To get me In Cal'fornia."
in the Devil's Punch Bowl toward the north. The garden spot seen
beyond it lies Llano. There are other views which surpass this one,
is looking north across the Punch Bowl, and further off across the
Tehachapi mountains. ·
IIUrteen
�-Page fourteen
The Western C::omrade
Was · O
Schmid t Guilty?
(This is the sixth installment of Comrade job Harriman's address
in the trial ,of the Los Angeles dynamiting cases.)
- --ow
let me call your attention to the boat in which
the dynamite is alleged to have been carried. You
will remember Howard Baxter. He was one of the
1· . - owners of the boat. His partner swo're that the
men who hired the boat were to pay two hundred and fifty
dollars, but Mr. Baxter demanded five hundred dollars deposit.
The deposit and . practically the entire transaction was conducted with Mr. Baxter. After the men used the boat on~
of them went back to Mr. Baxter. The transaction was closed,
Baxter wrote him a check deducting the rental and the man
went his way. They had probably spent an hour together
conversing partially concerning the business at hand and
partially on general topics. Not withstanding this prolonged
conversation, the most Mr. Baxter could say was that the
defendant resembled the man but that he could not say that
he was the man.
Mr. Scott a reiative of Mr. Baxter .cashed the check given
by Mr. Baxter. He said, "In my judgement he is the man,
but l would not say positively."
Mr. Burroughs, the partner of Mr. Baxter, said that Schmidt
was not the man. Hold for one moment the image of witness
Bryson in your mind. The man was much fleshier than the
defendant; Bryson was much fleshier. He had a much fuller
face; Bryson had a much fuller face. He was much broader
in the shoulders; Bryson was much broader in the shoulders.
He saw him:, talked to him about the boat, instructed him how
to run the engine, was with him an hour and a half, was down
to the engine room with him, saw him face to bee and was
close to him, as close to him as you are to each other for
one hour and a half. He says, "I know that Schmidt is not
the man." What are you going to do with his testimony?
He talked to him more than all the other witnesses put together. He had been near to him and looked him straight in
the face. He dealt with him both before and after the boat
was used. "HE KNOWS HE IS NOT THE MAN." He
was subpoenaed by the state and should have been examined
by the fair prosecutor, whose sacred duty is to be as fair
to this defendant as tq the state, but he sent him away
without putting him on the stand.
Mr. Keyes-"We did nc.t send him away."
Mr. Harrima~-"!'.ou subpoenaed. him?"
Mr. Keyes- Yes.
Mr. Harriman:_"You did not put -him on the stand?"
Mr. Keyes-"No."
Mr. Harriman-"Oh, you let him go back. You did not
sel1d him. Yes, he knew the way home and you in your fairness knew enough to · keep him from telling the truth."
You knew, Mr. Keyes, "that he had been with Perry for
one hour and a half. that he had · dealt with "him showed
him the boat, explained the engine, showed hi"m ho~v to run
it, and you knew that he would say on oath that this defendant
is not the man.
I do not know just what idea of fairness thirteen years
as prosecutor developes in an aspirant to office, but I do know
that a nu~ber of fair and honorable men have been prevented
fr?m _takmg the stand because they would not testify as the
fair pro~ecutor would have them testify.
Mr. Schmidt did_not buy the "Peerless" letters. Mr. Nutter
sold the word ''Peerless" to two men. He says Schmidt resembles one man, but that man was stouter. He could not
.!den!ify ~u:nidt.. The man tdd a round face with a droop
m hts left eye. Mr. Schmidt's face :. '"\Ot round and· his eye
1
NI
does not droop. That is a strange co-incidence·. No one
thinks Bryson was guilty, but the man was stouter much
fle~hier. had a much ·rounder face, had a droop in his eye.
It IS by far a better description of Bryson than it is of Schmidt.
~is all come from the mouth of witnesses for the prosecution.
·
But .lis~ei1, the witn~ss says he had light complexion and
sandy ha~r. Look at tt. Laok at Schmidt. Remember Bryson. Netther of them has a light complexion, and neither
ha~ sandy hair.
·
H?w rapidly they ride over the high places. They emphastze the statement that one witness said that Schmidt ·
resembled him, or that a man said that Schmidt was the man
but they fail to tell you what were the points of identifica~
tion. The gist of the matter does not lie in the fact that. one
man says that this is the man or that he resembles him· but
it lies in the fact that the cheek bone was crushed, th~t his
eye was all right, that his hair was · sandy, that his face was
round, that he was fleshi'e r,' that he was short and broad
~houlder~d. Yo~ r_nust hold in -your mind the facts pertainmg to hts descnptton, and not the mere statement that this
is or is not the man.
· .
. Agai_n the man enters the store where he buys the letters.
The Witness stated that two men came in and asked for letters.. He resemble~ the type of man. Why di9 -not the prosecutmg attorney m all his "sacred fairness" read to you
that the witness said he resembled the type of man. "I could
not say positively Schmidt resembles the man, not the eye; he
had a peculiar look in his face, not in his eye." Schmidt has
nothing peculiar in his face, but his eye is faulty. "Not his
eye," but something peculiar about his face. Here is the
crushed cheek bone coming to the front again. But Schmidt's
cheek bone is not crushed.
.. ~chmidt did not ~o to the cafe Miramar. Steuprich said,
I JU~t glanced at htm. I only saw him in the dining room.
That ts not the man--does not look to me like the man. There
was something the matter with the left side of his face."
This is the fourth witness that noticed the crushed bone.
Some say the bone was crushed and the eye was all right.
Some say the left side of his face was affected, not the eye.
Others say there was something peculiar with the left side of
the face.
M~. Steuprii::h said·, "He ain't the man I seen." The pros~cutmg ~ttorney laughs at his ignorance and his pronunciatiOn . Hts lack of education surely will not dicredit him;
That is his ~~sfortune and should elic.;it our sympathy
~nd not our ndt_
cule. He -has suffered enough for want 'of
JOYS t~at_ educ_atton brings.. Far he it from me to question
a man s mtegnty because hts education was neglected. · "He
Is_ not the man, he resembles him certainly. I just passed
h1m by. Ab?ut my size. I could see him face to face, just
~bout my he:ght." There is an essential fact in the descripl!on. T_here IS anoth_er cheek bone fact. Thinking they would ·• ·...
catch htm, . the J?Jst nct. Attorney had Schmidt step around to
compare hts hetght wtth Steuprich. He never would have
done it if he had known that Schmidt was a head taller.
Steuprich was broad shouldered and looked to . be as tall as
Schmidt. With all this testimony can you believe .that Schmidt
was the man?
·
Mr. ~rown, the man at the Howard Street dock said, "He
looked hke he had been hit with a hammer." This is the fifth
man who noticed the crushed cheek bone.
Mr. McCall was one of the five . .He defined the crushed
·cheek bone with the greatest particularity. He defined his
own state of mind, and that he wondered how the man could
a
�'
Page £fteen
The Weslern Comrade
have received such a blow without leaving a scar. But he
said also that the eye ~as all tight. This. defect was observed
by five different men, all strangers to each other. There can
be no question but that man who purchased · the dynamite,
and hired the boat, and bought the letters for the word
"Peerless" and tied the boat to the Howard Street wharf
"had an all right eye" and a "crushed cheek_ bone." The
physical defect that attracted the eyes of so many does not
mar the face of this defendant. This fact alone will open
the prison doors and let the defendant go free, with his sister
to their home.
The two women who saw the parties unload the dynamite
a t the cottage. in which it was stored say this defe'ndant" is
not the man. They did not observe him critically but they
were near him and they were positive that they would be
able to identify the man they saw.
Now let us consider the testimony of Mr. Phillips, the man
who was in charge of the powder works when the dynamite
was delivered on the boat "Peerless." I shall not dwell long
with this witness, but leave the analysis of his testimony to
Mr. Coghlan who examined him.
He testified before the Grand Jury some five years ago.
He slated to the Grand jury that he did not take particular
notice of the man, that he only got a side view of his face
and that he was there where the powder was being loaded
only about two minutes and had no reason for suspicion. But
on this stand he stated that he saw the man square in the face
and was there twenty minutes; that he helped load the boat
and let the boxes down from the wharf with a rope; that he
was suspicious of the men. Can such a man be believed?
The man's anxiety to convict this defendant had no bounds.
He was an advocate and not an impartial witness. You will
remember how nervous aud excited he was when he went out
of his way and a nd began to argue saying, "It must have
been true or j. B. McNamara would not have confessed."
Mr. Phillip stated that after the boxes were let down from
the wharf he said to the men, "You won't have much room
for ten boxes on your boat." They replied that they were
going to load them on the skiff that was behind. Before
the Grand jury he stated that he was there two minutes and
went before the powder was loaded and that when he said,
"You won't have much room for ten boxes," he departed.
At this trial he stated that he was there twenty minutes and
went- after the boxes were loaded. The quesion is whether
he went before or after the dynamite was loaded.. Determine
the fact and you will know whether he is a true or a false
witness. The fact is already settled by tlie very sentence
he · uttered. Listen, "You won't have much room for the
len boxes." Was that sentence. uttered before or after the
, boxes were in the boat? Had the boxes already been in the
boat he would have said, "You have not much room for ten
boxes." When he spoke that sentence the boxes were still
on the wharf, and he said, "You won't have much room,"
when you place them there, is the thought. But immediately
upon making this statement he departed. Such is his testimony before the Grand Jury. It was then fresh in his mind
and he was free from his great anxiety to convict any one.
He was merely telling his best recollection.
He told the Grand Jury that he was not suspici'ous; that
he only had a side view; that he did not notice particularly;
that he was only there two minutes; but now he states that
he was there twenty minutes; that he helped load the. boat;
that he saw him square in the face; and that he was suspicious
of them. Would you take a man's_ life- or liberty on the testimony of such a man. Have you not been told by the prosecuting attorney that when you find a man false in one thing
that you should mistrust him in all. The court in the instructions will tell you the same thing. A still hi_gher authority,
your own minds and consciences command you to do. the
same thing.
Human· life and liberty are too sacred to be taken by the
word of one who is so anxious to convict that he cannot refrain
from argument white serving as witness. Such a witness is
either conscio_ysly or unconsciously false and his testimony .
is unworthy of belief and should be altogether discarded. ·
So much for the question of identification. Were either • ·
of you b'eing · tried instead of M. A. Schmidt you would feel
that in all fairness and justice such an identification is altogether insufficient. Your heart and conscience could not ·
help insisting that at least the physical 'defects and ma,rks
tipon the face and the color of the hair should be the same.
You would feel that it would be nothing less than a crime
to convict a man of dark complexion when the real criminal's hair was sandy or to convict a man whose cheek bones
were perfect when the criminal's cheek bone was crushed;
or to convict a man whose left eye was out when the reai
criminal's eye was all right; or to convict a man who stood
five feet eleven when the real criminal was about five feet
seven or eight; and your feelings in such a case would be
righteous and holy.
Now let us go with this defendant from San Francisco to
Los Angeles. With all· their effort and all. their thousands of
dollars at their command and with' an unlimited number of
detectives, they could find no trace of him in the South under
the name of Perry. Only one witness testified that he saw him
at Venice. This witness was contradicted- by three witnesses
who testified that the defendant was never there under the
name of Perry.
.
Was Schmidt in Los Angeles? Yes, certainly he was. ·
When? He came in july and returned in the early part of
August. He was here under the name of M. A. Schmidt. ·
He so testified. We again open the door to the prosecution,
but they were afraid to enter. Not a question did they ask him
in regard to the whys and wherefores and his whereabouts
in Southern California. Again they were silent and their
only response was, "No questions."
Every one of you where disappointed when the District
Attorney failed to cross-question Schmidt. You expected it.
We courted it. They failed to do so. They failed because
they knew that he could satisfactorily explain every detail of
a ny question they might put to him.
Why did he come to Los Angeles? Why does every .one who
visits the Coast come to Los Angeles if possible? He who fails
to see Los Angeles fails to see one of the gems of the Pacific
Coast. He had decided to return East and came to visit the .
·
South before he departed.
One witness only could be found who testified that she knew
him by the name of Perry, and 'that she met him in Venice at
Mr. Johanson's house. She was contradicted by three witnesses beside the testimony of Schmidt himself.
The failure to identify Schmidt as the purchaser of the dynamite breaks all connection between j . B. Brice and the movement on the Pacific Coast, and especially between him and
the Los Angeles strike of 1910.
That Brice was connected with the Eastern movement there .
is no question. Nor is there any question as to his being in ·
Los Angeles. But that he was not directly or indirectly con- ·
nected with the Los Ang'eles movement is absolutely certain.
The methods pursued in the East by the McNamaras were ·
directly opposite to the methods employed here. In this one
fact lies the proof that -the Los Angeles movement could not
have had a hand in this disaster. Theirs was a movement of
violence. The Los Angeles movement was political and peaceful in character.
.
·
["Was Schmid! Guihy" began in !he May · issue.
len cenls a copy.)
Back numbers
.
�I
Creek on Uano
Louisiana land ;
Cotton Field on
. adjoining _ property I o Uano
lands;
Long
Leaf Pine Forest
in the Highlands
of Louisiana.
'
'
A Sweet Potato
Field in louisiana
Highland District.
Soy Beans grown m louis
Oat Field located
in louisiana Highland Distnol.
Com Field
H i g hlands
Louisiana
1n
of
near
Colony
lands ;
Corn produces
well on the cutover pine lands.
I
~
�' Alfalfa H a y
Field not far
from the property purchased by Llano
Colony in the
Hiahlands of
western Lo1.1.istana.
Dairy Cattle raisin Loui•iana
Highland District .
ed
.iana Highland District.
Thr.. hing 0 • t s
in Louisiana Highland District.
grazing
on cut-over pine
lands of 1-i'.ghstrict of
a;
the
industry
•
promises great
profits •
.
�Page eighteen
The Western Comrade
Problems
Current
By .Walter Thomas Mills
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. '!bose Copying · Please Give Credit.
problems are altogether questions of organization and management? And hence, the greatest problem of all, is how to
provide this organization and management.
'
I was seen last month that effective dealing with
It
was said above that all workers should be given the total
the current economic and political proble1ps. requires
product of their labor but of all forms of labor at this time,
the joint action of the organized unions, fa.Hners and
the labor which is ·most sorely needed, is the particular labor
co-operative societies.
required in organization and management.
Any political movement in behalf of ·labor which is not
With this work effectively done, all other work is easy. With
directly related to these organizations and responsible to the this management once provided, all other social problems
workers through these organizations, cannot hope to deal vanish. effectively with the problems of labor.
Such a management must be made answerable to all those
But how does it happen that there are such problems?
whose interests are involved. The fruits of the services renProvision is made for the common welfare by the joint use dered by them for the common welfare, must be made availof ( l) the natural resources, of (2) indus~rial equipment in- able for the common need.
cluding a system of credits, of (3) organization and manNow, the authority to manage rests on the ability to invest.
agement, and of (4) labor.
This ability to invest does not rest on the capaciiy or the disThe natural resources are abundant. There are no prob- position to serve the common good, but entirely upon the
lems in connection with their production. All social problems _private monopoly control, by a few, of the common needs
of all.
relating to natural resources have to
do with the opportunity to use them,
For this reason. the task set for
not with any efforts to produce them.
every manager is not one of service
lllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll~llllllliiHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilllll
The industrial equipment and the
for the common good of all, but of
possibilities of credit, representing
service to the few who monopolize the
greatest
social
problem
is
goods in transit or in process of pronatural resources and industrial equipduction, present no rea l difficulties in
ments upon which the life of all deone of organization and manpends, and necessarily to the disadthe matter of efficiency.
agement, and the greatest problem
vantage of the many who are dependThe same is true of labor and hence
in organization and management is
ent, and to the unearned and undethe earth is rich enough in natural reserved advantage of the few who are
sources and the machinery of produchow to relate the personal interests
masters. Under current conditions.
tion is effective enough and labor
of the manager to the common
the more capable and effective the
numerous enough, skillful enough and
management, the more serious the sogood, so that he shall become in
willing enough to produce enough for
cial
disaster. The manager is not now
all human needs and to spare.
very truth, "the greatest servant of
employed to serve the common good
For this reason, it follows that there
all."
of all, but to serve the special interare no serious problems as related to
ests of the few as against the most
the productive possibilities of natural
jlilniiiiiiiiiJIIIillllllliiiiJIIIilllllillllilllllllllllllllllllillllllilillilllilllllllhlilllilhlilllllloi!UIIIdl
vital needs of al l.
resources, industrial equipment or laThe greatest social problem is one
bor.
of organization and manage:nent, and
The one remaining factor involved
in provision for the common welfare is that of organization the greatest problem in organization and management is how
and ma nagement. It is in this field where all the problems to relate the personal intl;!rests of the manager to the common
good so that he shall become, in very truth, "the greatest
in economics and in politics arise.
It is not a matter of the creation of more natural resources. servant of all."
It is a matter of the organiz 11 1n and management of natural
Now the greatest managerial ability is chained to the necesresources already and abundantly provided by the gift of sity of serving the interests of those who render no service
but who live as parasites on the civic body, and all its
nature.
It ts not a matter of the necessary production of new energies are required to further the interests of the par.asites
machinery in production, transportation, manufacture, storage at the expense of the common good.
or exchange. In all these matters, the machinery . provided
How different would be the situation were the manager to
is so effective that the real problem is not one of producing come to his place by promotion, not for efficiency in serving
better machinery but of providing the organization and man- the parasite, but for efficiency in promoting the common good.
agement which is indispensable to its proper use.
How different the situation if the tenure of hi's position
It is not a matter of providing additional labor. It is a
rested, not on what he could get out of the workers for the
matter of such organization and management as shall probenefit of the masters, but on what he could devise and convide useful employment all the year around for all able-bodied
trive for the benefit of al l.
people, and all these workers should be made skilled workers.
The organizations of the labor unions, of the farmers and of
should be equipped with the best possible machinery, should
be provided with free access to the natural resources and the co-operative societies, are, at least, the beginnings of
should be given for their own use the net total products of forms of organization in the processes of primary production,
manufacture, storage and delivery.
their own labor.
These organizations can succeed only as efficiency in their
But all this is a matter, not of providing more labor. but
management shall be developed and finally, as they shall be
of better organization and management.
(Continued on page 30)
Is it not perfectly evident that the great social and political
The GreateSt Problem of Them All
I
THE
\
�•
The Socialist Movement In
T .,
Japan
By S.. Katayaaa
Written Sp.cially For the Western Comrade. lbose Copying Please Give Cndlt.
- - -HE Social Democratic
very promising future for the Soci list movement in jap!Ul.
Party of Japan was or- From the viewpoint of the government, the Sociali tis n thin
ganized and its mani- but a traitor, and be is so treated by the authoritie • For on
- - feslo published on the to vote ·for a "t!<iitor" candidate Is. indeed, an ct of eourase
twentieth of May, 1901. Six and determination.
hundred members, including the
Why is the Japanese government so severe on the Sociali ts,
writer, were associated with the and why does it treat them so cruelly~ The answer i that it
organization . This party was is to· subject the growing proletariat. The government i afraid
suppressed by the · government of the increasing power of labor and of the Sociali t mo eon the day of its birth. But the ment. It desires to sacrifice every national interest to imSocialist propaganda was unre- perialism and militarism. Imperialism is the enemy of labor
stricted, so that, in spite of the and Socialism. A victory in war with a foreign nation means
suppression of the party, the a military despotism at home.
philosophy spread rapidly .
japan twice won a victory over China and Russia. The
throughout japan. The Social- result has been a powerful class of military bureaucrats who
ists made a great fight du ring the sacrifice every sacred interest of the nation to commercial eX•
Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5, pansion. The government has been trying to increase the
and made many sympathizers.
size of the army and navy, until at the present moment its
In the summer of 1906, the Socialist Party of japan was people and resources are staggering under the burden of supreorgiln iled in Tokyo, a nd in a few months several hundred porting them. The imperialism of japan ignores the welfare
of the proletariat and exploits it as
members were enrolled, and all indicalions pointed to a mov ement of growth
much as possible. This is the chief
a nd act ivity . The pa rty had a Socialreason why the government so bitterly
ist daily in Tokyo in the spring of
PROVING that the inevitable
opposes the growth of the Socialist
1907. but it was quickly suppressed
trend of industrial development
movement in Japan.
by th au thoriti es. S ince th at time
The present ministry of Count
th Socialist Party legally was never
is toward Socialism, the story of the
Terauchichi is the most imperialistic
and autocratic japan has ever had
p rmitl d to ex ist until the present
Socialist movement in japan is of
tim .
unusual interest just at this time
since the promulgation of the conati·
r-..
when the paramount question is:
·
Th'IS m1mstry
· ·
·
1
'ocialists in j apan ha ve had hard,
tut10n.
IS extreme y
(
d1 s ouraging li vin g the las t ten years.
"What Will Japan Do?" Everyafraid of the Socialists, as it is its
M, ny have suffered prison life.
where people are turning toward
prime object to subject the proletariat
the Socialists for solution of the
as long as possible.
Twelve have served life-terms for their
agitat ion of revolutionary doctrines.
world's troubles. What the SoThus, in spite of the oppression, the·
ix have died in prison. Twelve have
cialists of Japan are striving to do
Socialists are trying admirably to
b n hun g. There are \a ny in prison
is of utmost importance.
make as much headway with their
a t the pr s nt mom ent for persisting
agitation as is possible under the un·
ocia li t propaga nda.
Probably
favorable circumstances. Their work
must necessarily be of a more or leu
th tr atm nt of the Sociali~ts has been
hnr h r and more cruel tha n that in any other country on clandestine nature, as . they a're not allowed to agitate openly
, rth.
otwith tanding this constant · suprpession, oppression, among the workers. The fact remains, however, that in spite
intimidation a nd rigorous punishment, however, scattered of the popularity of the Socialist philosophy and the e:¥treme
throughout j apa n there are some seven thousands of Socialists. difficulty of gaining the ear of the public, the Socialists are
M n of th se once active in the cause, quit for the sake of growing in numbers.
living. Th remainder are true martyrs and bravely face all
There is a marked sign of the awakening of the workers in
p •rs cution that may be directed against them.
j apan since the beginning· of the European war. Frequently
t th time of the last parliamentary election, the Socialists strikes in the various industries within Japan and the inr n 11 nndidat .
omrade To hihiko Sakai a ssumed the res- spiring lesson of the Russian Revolution have made a profound
pon>ibilit in initiating thi move. Five campaign meetings impression on the workers, thus showing that there will doubt·
w re held but all ' ere broken up by the forces of the brutal less soon occur some changu for the better. The pressure
poli e. Following thi , the Sociali ts were entirely suppressed, from the ou tside is so great, that further resistance it futile.
11lthough the con titution guarantees them the right of liberty The lot of the proletariat under the greedy exploitation of
lllld freed m of speech. floreover, in spite o f the specific modem capitalism, will continue to improve until the workert
provision in the election law which allows candidates to hold eo masse will rise and throw off the heavy burden laid upon
mpai n meetings during the two months previous to the them for generations.
d of election, the platform and manifesto o f the Party were
~uppre ed. Even then Comrade
kai received twenty-five
K I
DLY GIVE US CREDIT
v tes.
Th~ are about one and a half million voters in Japan out
We observe that many maga:zines are liftinz "'PT bodily fr- of a population of seventy million souls. This number is re- publications, some without giviDg us "'"''Iii fen she ume. We are sbd
stric~ b property quali£cations and educational tests. so to have oar .....Uer ccpi.d. but as We _ . , alUds of ow .w6 at die
of amsicla-aLie time and labor, aol to Nf}' _ , - , we d-. il .a,.
tMt the proletarian are utterl exduded from the hanclme. a..s
fair lbat conl......,nries aedit .., with d maUa- that thq ...... fro.e
To ~t t
tes under such circumstances ows a oar ...,....,.,._
lLWO I'UBUCAnoJe,
...
�Page twenty
The Western Comrade
A Nice Gi rI
By Mary Allea
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. Those Copying Please Give Credit.
~VID
BOLTON was considered "queer" by the neighboring rancht-; s. In the first place it was rumored
that he wa~ a " Fr e Thinker," and while none could
__ _ . have told just ..d ••d a "Free Thinker" is, still all
would have agreed that it is ;omething particularly mysterious
and deadly; in the second place he kept a heathen Chinaman
to do his housework and help care for his motherless boy; ·in
the third, he received through the mails certain literature which
set the village postmistress to whispering; and in the fourth,
his three-room frame house, instead of being lined. with paper
was lined with books.
But the Prewitts, who lived on the ranch adjoining, found
a good neighbor in him, always ready to help in irrigating or
other emergencies, and in return Mrs. Prewitt did what
motherly favors she could for the small boy David. In this
way Nancy Prewitt and David had become playmates when the
little girl still had baby dimples in her bare knees and elbows.
The particular delight of the children was a certain pasture
of fi laree, malva weed and wild mustard, which became in
the summer a mass of swaying yellow, the most er:chanting
place in the world for games of hide-and-seek, wild Indian,
Bluebeard's castle and heaven knows what not. Sometimes
David's father would come and play with them and suggest
fascinating new games and tell them wonderful stories of the
rocks, the stars, and the plants. Even a tiny wild mustard
seed became a thing to tremble and weep over when Mr. Bol- .
ton spun a story around it. And best of all, when Nancy in
hushed voice would say, "And is it all true? Every word?"
David's father would answer, "Every word!" And David
would add, "All Dad's stories are true!"
Then Nancy began to grow. She became a long, slim,
spindling thing, with no sign of a dimple or a curve, save in
her cheeks. Her mother began to tell her a great many things
that nice girls must not do.
When Nancy would ask why,
her mother would answer, "Nice girls don 't ask why. They
do as they are told! "
Now Nancy had always wanted above all things to be a
nice girl, first because she had been told in that way little
girls would some time get to heaven, and later for a more
definite reason. She had surpassing love for babies and she
felt sure if she were good enough God would send her some of
her own when she was a woman. She never expressed this
desire. It was one of the things nice girls must not talk about.
It was hard to remember all the things nice girls must not
do, especially as it seemed every day there was a new rule to
be learned. Nancy's teacher had a hook on the side of her
desk upon which she hung a note of things she must remember
to do. Nancy had an imagina:y hook of the same kind, a sort
of mental file upon which she hung each new rule of conduct
as it was told her. But there was a difference. Her teacher,
when she had done the duty, could remove the note, while
Nancy could not take a single rule off her hook! She must
keep adding and adding and adding until she wondered if in
time a poor girl's brain might not burst.
One day-she was nine then and David ten-she came into
the kitchen with her sunbon'let hanging on the back of her
neck and daubs of something, probably watermelon and dust,
around her lips. She dropped, panting, into a chair.
"Gracious, Nancy!" said her mother, "Where have you
been?"
"Over in the mustard field, playing with David." She lifted
her dress and untied a wet blue cotton handkerchief which
bound her knee.
DI
"I fell down and skinned my knee," she explained, blowing
upon it to relieve the smart. "It hurt awful, but David wet his
handkerchief in the ditch and wrapped it up."
"Co put your stockings on," her mother ordered abruptly,
"You're -too big a· girl to go barefooted any more. Nice girls
don't show their knees."
- "What's an old skinned knee?" was Nancy's thought. But
if a girl's knee shouldn't be shown, wild horses couldn't make
Nancy show hers! She searched until she found her longest
pair ·of everyday stockings.
A few days later .she blew into the kitchen like a gale.
Sprays of yellow mustard were fastened in her dark hair and
down the back of her blue gingham dress.
"My goodness, Nancy!" said her mother, "You look like
a wild Indian! "
"I am," N?ncy replied, folding her arms and strutting.
''I'm Sitting Bull's squaw and these are my feathers. David
says squaws don't wear feathers, but I wouldn't be his squaw
unless I could wear them too, so he had to put them on me!"
She laughed gleefully. "They stay in my dress better than
they do in his suspenders! "
Her mother frowned. "You stay away from the Bolton
pasture after this. You're too big a girl to play there with
David all this time."
Nancy's eyes filled with tears. It was going to hurt to give
up David and her magic playground in the pasture. But if
being a nice girl demanded it, she would do it. Yes, she would·
do it! But she wondered what harm her little playmate could
do her.
After that her skirts gradually crept down to her ankles.
She remained more and more in the house when school was
over, helping her mother and sewing for herself and little
brother, Dan. The dimples of babyhood began to return.
Mysterious curves were busily at work supplanting the old
gangliness, strange new processes that at times left her flushed
and tremulous. It was a painful lonely task, this becomin~
a woman. Still when she looked at herself shyly in the mirro~
she decided there were compensations.
She wanted doubly to be a nice girl now. Her teacher .h:::d
given her a small framed copy of Raphae: 's Madonna as a
prize for perfect attendance, and she hoped that some day
God might send her a baby like this picture of the Child jesus.
Of course she must get married fir~t. N:ce girls never had
babies before they· were married. Then it would be granted
her. She d'd not know how. That was one of the things nice
girls did not talk about.
David was slower in maturing. When he was fifteen he
announced that he was through with school and was going to
work on his father's ranch.
"'Dad's going to teach me at home now, out of his books,"
he told Nancy. "He has some bully books."
Sometimes when Nancy was late getting home from hi~h
school. she would take the short path across the mustard field.
where she often met David as he went after the cow. Her
demure ways always prompted him to mischief. Snatching
her books he would dodge with them just enough to keep out
of her reach, or sometimes he would take out his big knife
and pretend he was going to cut off one of the little curls
at the back of her neck.
These strange encounters sent a strange glow through
Nancy, a delightful and quite incomprehensible inner warmth;
and sometimes when her eyes would meet David's her heart
would give a great leap and flutter, just as when a little girl
�Page twenty-one
The Western Comrade
she swung high in the schoolyard swing. She wondered why,
One evening she was unusually late. She was hurrying
through the pasture, vaguely regretful at not meeting David,
when suddenly .he jumped at her from out the high yellow
mustard with a ferocious "Boo 1 "
Girl-like she screamed and dropped her books. He gathered
them up and held them high above his head.
·~What'll you give me for them?" he teased as he backed
away from her outstretched hands.
"Please don't, David," she coaxed, reaching for them.
"Mother'll be mad, I'm so late."
He stretched his arm its utmost length. He had grqwn into
a tall slender youth with a trace of dark down on his cheeks
and chin. He laughed into her uplifted face.
"Please, David! " she coaxed. A!~:ain that incomprehensible
glow and pang!
"Please David! " this time she barely whispered.
It was the last thing in the world he intended doing. He
let the books fall, and stooping. kissed her, an awkward experiment the first time, a finished product the next. And
Nancy, with innocent girlish abandon, her soul in her lips, returned it.
Picking up her scattered books he placed them in her
hand$. He took her by the shoulders and shook her playfully.
"There'll come a time some day," he hummed. "Now you
scoot home! It's late!"
Nancy fled.
David took his way across the field: his face very sober for
a time. Then it brightened and as he drove old Brindle through
the gate and proceeded with the milking, he began to sing in
a deep uncertain bass.
"Dad," he said that evening as he sat in front of the fireplace with a book before him, and with his brain whirling with
visions, "Nan's a peach of a girl. I'm going to marry her as
soon as I'm .Qld enough."
"All right, son," his father answered. "The day you're
twenty-one I'm going to deed you the east ten acres, so you
better begin planting it to oranges."
"Oh, gee!" was all David could reply, quite overcome by
so many stupendous events.
As David studied the fire, his father all unbeknown, studied
him.
In the meantime Nancy, too, had gone home. Her mother
~colded her for being late and little Dan laughed because she
put salt on her pudding instead of sugar. Nancy smiled,
patted his hand, and dazedly ate the pudding.
It was not until she reached her room and her e~·es fell
upon the Madonna that she began to consider what she had
done. Had she been nice? Had she? Never in all her life
had -she felt so much like a nice girl as in that moment when
she had kissed David. Sti"ll, from what she had read and
heard, there was no rule on the hook-but a girl must be so
carefulEyes on the Madonna, she stood and pondered. David's
soft ·hum kept repeating itself over and over in her mind"There'll come a time some day." He had meant that when
they were old enough they might be married. Her face brightened. lbat was it! They loved each other! And when
people loved each other it was nice to kiss!
Relieved, she took the Madonna from the wall, and looked
deep into her eyes. They were a little alike-Nancy and the
Madonna-the same oval face and eyes set wide apart.
There was something she would have liked to ask the Madonna
about the babx in her arms. Of course, jesus was different
from earthly children. He had only a heavenly father. Perhaps- perhaps-Mary had been kissed by an angel, and in
that moment of perfect joy the heavenly infant had begun
to blossom within her. It was very easy tq ynclentand after
all! And perhaps-perhaps-if the Holy birth took place
that way, perhaps an earthly baby was born of the kiss of a
man and woman who loved each other! Yes, it must be so!
How simple, how natural, how beautiful it was! It would be
far stranger, far more of a miracle when two souls met and
united in love as she and Dav;d had done, if a little soul did
not take root and begin tv grow, and make a mother and
father. ButHer eyes dilated and the picture slid from her lap.
But nice girls must be married before that happened! That
rule had been on the hook ever since jennie Warren had
drowl)ed herself and everybody had said it was a good thing
she did! She had read in the newspaper of another girl who
had taken poison and given her baby poison. Well, sheNancy-could'nt do that, poison her baby. She would not
wait till everyone knew of her disgrace. She would pretend
she fell in the reservoir. Then no one would ever know. She
would do it in the morning~ She wished that she had not let
the Madonna fall, for now the glass was broken. But after
all it did not make any difference-the water in the reservoir
was so terribly muddy at this time of the year-to think she
wasn't a nice girl a,fter all-to thinkHer brain whirled on and on.
"Are you sick, Nancy?" her mother asked at the breakfast
table.
"just a headache," she replied. "I think I'll go out and get
a little fresh air."
She lingered a moment, looking wistfully into the kitchen.
"All right," her mother said absent-mindedly.
When she reached the corner where she turned into the
mustard field she began to run. Her curls neatly tied back
with a brown ribbon bobbed up and down girlishly.
"I must hurry or I can never do it," she kept whispering.
She did not stop running until fairly in the water with the
mud oozing and sucking around her shoes. She gasped when
the water struck her but kept steadily on.
"Nan! " There came a shout. It was David.
"Nan!" he called, "Nan!" He seized her hand and jerked
her back on the grass.
"What's the matter? Are you crazy?"
At the sight of him she. was filled with anger. "It isn't
fair," she burst out, "that I have to kill myself and you don't."
He stared, mouth open. "You're crazy," he said, with conviction.
Her need of comfort was greater than her anger. "Oh,
David! What shall I do? I can't face it! The disgrace."
The boy stood, puzzled. Then light dawned in his eyes.
"Why, Nan! You haven't- - Has somebody- - Why,
Nan!" Then, collecting himself, "Come! We'll go to Dad. ·
He'll know what to do."
She sobbed convulsively. "I-I wanted to be a nice girl. I
tried to be."
"Sure you did!_" He squeezed her hand and patted it, trying to choke back his own hurt tears. "And you are, too, the
nicest girl on earth! Don't cry. F ather'll help us."
But he was only sixteen, and hurt to the quick. There was
something that must be explained. "Did you like that- thathim so much better than you do me?"
"Him? Him?" she cried incoherently. "You are him!"
He stared. It took a long time to digest this. Then he said
gently, "Nan, did you think what we did .would disgrace you?"
Face in her hands, she nodded.
"Didn't your mother ever "tell you anything?"
She shook her head.
"Well, of all the- -. Say, don't you know anything?"
Again she shook her head.
"Well, say, Dad has a bully book. I'll get it for you to
(Continued on page 31)
�Page twenty-two
fh e W e• t e rn C om rade
·Business Efficiency
•
In
Written Specially For the Western Comrade.
Religion
By Myrtle Manana
Th~se Copying Please Give Credit.
- - JT is a. long way from the little copntry church where He worked in Y. M. C. A.'s and missiOns. It is true tha t
the underpaid parson exhorts his flocks to be content his attention was directed solely into religious channels by the
exhortation of those working in a Chicago mission, but the
with their humble lot and to follow the golden rule;
I_ _ it is a long way from that simple religion to the high- religious conviction had always been his, and it required but
pressure, wonderfully efficient, business-m~naged, qui~k the crystallization of this conviction .to give strength to a
results religion of William Asher Sunday, wh~ IS styled by him- resolution made then and there to abandon basebali for the
pulpit.
self as the "walking delegate for Jesus Chnst."
And at that time he had just been offered a contract of
Billy Sunday has been accused of being dishonest, of being
insincere, and of using religion as merely a vehicle for his $3500 for the season! He says that when his fa mily was in
own a ggrandizement and material gain. Others, those of need and he was being paid a salary of $18 a week-when
religious conviction, believe that Billy Sunday is all that he it was paid a t all- he was receiving telegrams asking him to
claims to be. This is not an attempt to prove either con- return to baseball at any salary he would name. At least
tention . It is merely an a ttempt to show that the principles he cannot be honestly accused of insincerity in his religion .
For three yea rs. 1894; 1895 and 1896, he worked with a n
used in making Big Business and Big Industry can also be
used to ma ke Big Religion. Also, it might be shown that the evangelist famou s at that time- J . Wilbur Chapma n. When
a pplication of these same principles of efficiency might make this organization was disbanded. Sunday was asked to go to
a little city in Iowa to conduct a religious revival. His efforts
a Big Socialism if they were intelligently applied.
.
Whether Billy S unday is right or wrong, honest or dishon- were a n unbou nded success. He had at last entered o n the
est. crook or inspired evangel ist, is not the point. The fact ca reer tha t has made him perhaps the most fa mous and successful of a ll eva ngelists of the day.
is tha t he is getting RESULTS, and
He has followed the methods of the
in the philosophy of modern business
old-time eva ngelists but he has imthe thing to be considered is just this
EN thousand people da ily hear
proved on them. Just as he was a
This
one magic word- RESULTS.
·good baseball player beca use he used
assertion tha t he is getting results may
Billy S unday in the city of
his head a nd studied the game, so has
be doubted, but the proof of it is that
Los Angeles, California. Think of
he become the world's greatest evanbusiness men o f acumen and leaders
the tremendous powe r of this eva ngelist by studying his pro fession a nd
of industry who measure everything
getting the most out of it by putting
gelist who ca n attract the attention
by results a re the ones who pay the
th e most into it. He has succeeded
way a nd ma ke the a rrangements, a nd
of entire cities for months a t a time
because he has applied the rul es of
you may be perfectly sure tha t they
with his gospel o f orthodox Chrisefficiency to it. He has succeeded for
know Mr. Sunday is able to deliver
tia nityl
the same reasons tha t successful busthe goods or they would not back him.
iness men succeed.
This does not
It is the best proof of his success.
Rev. Billy Sunday has systematmean that he has decended to shady
William Sunday was born in Inized religious revivals, put them on
tra nsactions a t all. It means that he
diana in 1862, which makes him
a business basis, a nd is being liberhas studied his business, lopped off
fifty-five yea rs old. He does not look
ally pa id for his ability.
lea kages, applied the most efficient
it. He is alert, clean-limbed. active.
machinery of the day , advertised. sysquick, muscular, athletic. He is in
tema tized., a nd put the whole thin g
perfect condition.
He began his
It is
on a sound business basis.
career as a baseball player in Marshalltown, Iowa, where he journeyed when offered a job there nothing to his discredit that he has done so. It is merely one
if he would make that city his place of residence and play of the secrets of his success. He is a ma n of ability who has
on the baseball team. The job was not found for him as capitalized his ability.
promised, but his baseball playing improved a nd he made
He opened his tabe rnacle in Los Angeles recen tly. T he
good at it. He eventually secured employment without the tabernacle is a huge wooden a ffa ir. built specially for the
aid of those who had made him the glittering promises. purpose for which it is used. For weeks a rra ngements had
Through good fortune, he came in contact with "Pop" Anson , been under way. Nothing is left to cha nce a ny more tha n a
famous baseball character. and within a short time was given railroad leaves the shipping of freight to chance or the disthe opportunity to try aut with the Chicago White Sox. He patching of tra ins to good luck. t:' very move is prearra nged.
made good- so good that he was one of the supreme baseball Ca reful pla nning has wrought results.
stars of the day , liked by his comrades, and his services were
The seating a rrangement is excellent. Trained ushers, each
desired by other baseball clubs.
with a small section of sea ts. place the huge audience in short
Sunday was care ful, prudent, saving. He worked during time a nd without confusion. Each usher has a seat, marked
the winter and saved his money. He did not drink or gamble. with a star. reserved for himself. Each usher is expected to
But his was no sudden conversion to religion. From his perform certain duties a nd he does so. When it comes time
earliest infancy he had been taught a sublime faith in Jesus to take up the collection, he use~ a receptacle which is always
Christ. His was the religion that takes the Bible implicitly. placed near him, a nd collects from his own section of the
On the diamond he played the game according to the rules great tabernacle. In just a few minutes hundreds of dollars
and his own skill and judgment, but he united with this, are ta ken from the thousa nds of people who have gathered.
prayers for greater success. He prayed for results and ex- There is no con fusion. The dropping of pennies a nd nickels
pected them. Moreover, he expected immediate manifes- and dimes a nd quarters a nd la rger coins patters over the great
tations.
auditorium like the din of hail on a tin roof. In a surprisingly
It was in the height of his success that he decided to aban- short time the coins have all been collected a nd have been
don his career as baseball player and take up religious work. taken to the business office of the revival.
,-
II
T
�The Western Comrade
Page twenty-three
Marvelously efficient is the organization throughout. When her impressions and they are told in a leading daily paper.
one reaches Twelfth and Grand, the first .. thing seen is the Douglas Fairbanks, movie idol, challenges Billy Sunday to
Billy Sunday Cafeteria. Just more plain commonsense. captain a l,>aseball team and Billy Sunday accepts. The proBooths purveying meals are bound to spring up about any ceeds are used to purchase sporting goods for the soldiers.
great gathering of people. Why allow this profitable business Such press agent stuff has always paid big dividends. Theatrito go to unbelievers? Why have it unsystematically handled? cal stars have used it with utmost success, and one of the
It is just plain commonsense to establish a cafeteria and to greatest actresses in the world is chiefly remembered by many
provide what the crowds want in a cleanly and efficient man- people because an adroit press agent managed to get the
ner. And that is what is done. As a business proposition, if papers filled with stories of her famous "milk baths." But it .
the crowds are brought together by Sundays' organization, is legitima:te, ·and if Billy Sunday can keep his name before
then this same organization should profit by whatever business the public and appeal to those who are interested in sport, he
believes it is justifiable-which it undoubtedly is.
enterprises are thereby created.
Back of the pulpit, which is an ample platform to allow
The slang that is a part of Sunday's talk is just the slang
free range for the athletic gesturing that goes with the Billy tqat the average man uses. Here is another evidence of the
Sunday speeches, is a huge choir of thousands of trained commonsense and business ability of the man. He is using in ·
voices. A special section is set aside for ministers, and on the religion the words and phrases that the people he is appealing
opposite side of the stage or pulpit is another section for the to use in their daily lives.
Billy Sunday believes in big business and all other kinds of
members of the press.
Homer Rodeheaver, leader of the choir, and organizer of business. Why shouldn't he? It is business that has made
rare ability, takes charge of the musical part of the work. He his work successful. We are all economically determined in
is a trombone player. He is a rough and ready talker who most things, whether we wish to be or not, and our sincerest
takes the a udience into his confidence, speaks on the spur of conviction and the things we honestly do are usually tracethe moment, appa rently, and pits section against section of able to things economic.
the huge auditorium crowd in a sort of
Billy Sunday believes the world is
singing contest, stirring up the curious,
engaged in ·a righteous war. He has
awakening the laggards. First the
nothing good to say of the Germans,
great choir sings the song. Then the
and nothing evil to say of the Allies.
BILLY SUNDAY is a power!
outside sections along the left sing one
He urges men to go into the trenches
Whether you believe in him or
verse. This is repeated by the sections
and light. There is no· doubt that he
not, there is little doubt that he is
along the right; then by the las~ ten
honestly believes that he is doing right.
rows and those standing in the rear ;
Sunday has even announced that he
perfectly sincere. Billy Sunday is
lastly by those in the middle. It is a
is seriously considering going to
a man who is able to arouse ingood way of introducing the element
France to conduct religious work
of contest. It is just subtle efficiency.
there.
Those who sneer at Sunday
terest in religion when the tendency
Song books are sold, so that all may
believe this is merely more press agent
of the day is quite the other way.
sing. The audiences are told repeatstuff; those ..-b believe in Sunday
Business principles and modern
edly not to move about, and during
cannot be convinced that he does not
one intermission a re admonished to
mean to do so.
efficiency have been applied to remake themselves comfortable that they
He is bitter in his denunciation of
ligious proselyting and they have
will be able to remain quiet during Mr.
those he terms "traitors" and makes
Sunday's talk.
some extreme statements regarding the
won results.
It might be remarked that there are
proximity of lamp posts and the uses
no disturbances during the Billy Sunof ropes about necks and attached to
day meetings. During twenty years in
the lamp posts. It is the logical poswhich he has studied his calling as a business is studied, ways ition for Sunday to. assume, for as an admirer of Big Business
have been found to prevent such things without f.riction.
he could not do otherwise than to uphold the position that the
newspapers, Big Business, and the magazines of the country
USING THE PRESS
have taken. That he accuses those who believe (.h ere are
methods other than those of war of settling difficulties, of being
One of the secrets of success- if it can be referred to as
traitors; and that he is somewhat ambiguous in his gathering
a secret-is the extensive advertising. Nothing is left undone together of pacificists, slackers, Germans, and others and classthat can direct attention, in a quiet, dignified manner, to the ifying all of them as Htraitors" is not to be wondered at, for his
Billy Sunday revival. The newspapers without exception
is not the type of mind that analyzes. It is more in his line
grant columns to Billy Sunday, even running huge heads
to vigorously denounce than to meditate carefully.
across seven or eight columns. He is pictured in every conHe has made nearly half a million converts. Many have
ceivable pose. Hundreds of dollars worth of advertising space
back-slidden, of course, but if he is able to arouse the feelings
is given to the William Sunday propaganda. It is not graft.
of the people as he is doing; if he is able to become, even
It is business. The revival of religion as conducted by the temporarily, a power in Los Angeles and in other cities; if he
Sunday organization is on a business basis, and the channels
is able by his powerful personality, by his organization, and
by which private business is expanded are used to expand the the presti.ge he has established and the press that multiplies by
business of saving souls as conducted by Sunday.
thousands the numbers who are reached by every word he
Press agents and reporters write columns of Impressionistic utters, to influence so many people, then he is able to influence
matter that, whatever may be the opinions of the unbelievers, tens of thousands. If his influence is thrown out to that many
gets before thousands of persons daily and undoubtedly stands in his tirades against booze, then he will be a powerful factor
the test of getting results, else it would not be continued.
in the ever-recurring wet and dry elections in California. If
Neither are the methods of the genuine press agent- over- his influence is used to back the vigorous prosecution of the
looked. Billy Sunday meets the stars of the motion picture wat in which we are now taking ·so prominent a part, then he
world and this is duly chronicled. Mary Pickford writes of is one of the most powerful agents at work for the Alii~~.
�Tl,.
Co-o;erath-e
Commonwealt.
Decentralization of InduStries
The Western Comrade
By Clinton
Bancr~ft
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. Those Copying. Please Give Credit.
N POR, a writer of international reputation, in an
rticle published some years ago in "Wilshire's Magzine" showing how "Italian workmen beat the glass
trust," said:
"We are hypnotized by the formidable proportions of the
trusts; they inspire us with awe, and somehow we feel unable
to say how we shall proceed to a direct and practical attack
upon these fortresses of capitalism. How will Socialism manage to expropriate, keep up and perfect these tremendous
organizations? This is the most vital problem before us; all
others are conditioned by it, and are therefore of secondary
importance."
Modern dictionaries define "ism" as "a doctrine or system;
a suffix used to denote condition." Socialism then is ·not a
cause but will be a result, a condition of society existing at
some time in the future by virtue of certain industrial, political
and social development. It is imminent rather than transcendental. It is not a power that can effect the expropriation
of trust-controlled industries (tremendous organizations) at
the dictum of a political party. That great work will be accomplished before Socialism becomes the common order of
the day, and the doing of it will establish a new social order or
condition--Socialism. Such result may be effected largely
through political action, no doubt of that, but that does not
alter the truth of the statement. The political function 'of
society is only one of many powers that will be called into
action in effecting the transition from private to public ownership of large labor-employing industries, and it will not necessarily be the first. Educational and industrial organization will
precede and clear the way for the free exercise of the lawmaking powers of the people by the people. Today their lawmaking powers are largely suppressed and practically thwarted
by tradition and blind confidence in, and absolute surrender to,
irresponsible political masters.
The Co-operative Commonwealth (the Socialist ideal) will
be an industrial organization taking its place and performing
its functions under capitalism for the very sufficient reason
there is no other place in which is can be developed or established. And when the four social functions, educational,
industrial, political and exchange, begin working together in
production and distribution, there may then be witnessed the
birth of a new system of government operated and controlled
by the workers which will destroy the paralyzing power of
parasitic capital and displace by natural process a decadent
political system usurped and operated and controlled by the
exploiters of labor. And when the workers shall thus have
gained complete control of production and distribution, of
banking and exchange, and of the channels of education and
information and fixed their status firmly and permanently
through political action, when liberty, fraternity and equality
regulate all the industrial relations of men; the condition then
existing will be called Socialism.
The expropriation of these powerful organizations, which
Odon Por says, "inspire us with awe," will be effected largely
by the process of decentralization of such trust-controlled industries as one by one come into. contact and competition with
organized co-operative industries; or, to be more explicit,
instead of expending their energies to determine "how we
shall proceed to a direct and practical attack upon these fortresses of capitalism," the first task of the industrial co-operators should be to acquire ownership and control of small
industries:
(a) Those which may be operated with the •implest and
most easily constructed machinery.
(b) Those wh~ch are patronized largely · by the working
class.
(c) Tllose in which under capitalism large numbers of unskilled, low paid, drudging workers are employed.
(d) Those, the product of which from its nature and purpose becomes the "raw material" of a more highly
organized and specialized industry operating more intricate a:nd expensive machinery and yet absolutely dependent upon such so-called "raw material."
(e) Those in which the disemployed victims of private ownership may be guaranteed a respectable and comfortable maintenance employment at all times.
Instead of reaching out in a vain effort to pull down a
wrongly built structure which "inspires us with awe," industrial
Socialists should direct theo!ir energies wholly to the work of
building up within the old state of capitalism a state founded
upon their declared principles of social economy and justice
to labor.
Capitalism has usurped the powers and functions of the
p'eople's government and appears to be a mighty, impregnable
structure of "formidable proportions"; but when the workers
control the use of their own money through a system of cooperative banking and exchange, when they organize production and distribution of many of the necessaries of life under
their own control, when the forces of industrial revolution
pledge their patronage to their own co-operative institutions,
and capital-ownership in that degree gradually loses the support of the wage-profit system, it will be found to be not so
mighty and impregnable.
There are very many industries which might be organized
and operated by the co-operative workers now. Then why
wait year after year for political power so doubtful of acquiring for this purpose and, as yet, so disappointing when acqulred? The day has not yet come when capitalism may be
dethroned by the political Socialists by party resolution. When
the time comes, these apparently formidable combinations no
longer supported by an adequate supply of labor, deprived of
a patronage already discounted and over-capitalized, and undermined by co-operative industrial organization and its lawful competition will gradually relinquish their control; not
everywhere and all at once will this be effected, but one by
one, here and there, their industries failing to return the dividends for wh=.ch they operate them will close down and be absorbed by the Co-operative Commonwealth.
The process of decentralization of trust-controlled and menopolized industries has already begun in a somewhat vague,
and unrecognized way; that is, it was not begun with that purpose clearly in view, nevertheless, is has begun and is making
some progress; and private ownership in its greed for profit is
helping it along to its own undoing, althou2:h capital's part in
the process has not yet attracted the attention of its economists
to the danger which threatens parasitic capital should decentrallzation of monopolized industries and elimina tion of dividends from the present profit system become an organized and
supervised national movement.
Industrial monopoly in its mad race and lust for power
and mastership will gradually lose its grasp upon those industries over which the co-operative workers determine to acquire control. Logically therefore, it Is not the "formidable
trusts and fortresses of capitalism," but the smaller 9nd weaker
industries producing · the immediate necessaries of hfe and the
"raw material" upon which the manufacturing trusts depend.
against which a "direct and practical attack" should be waged
by the co-operative workers of the world.
�Page twenty-6ve
The Western Comrade
Successful C. alifornia .Co-operatives
Written Specially For the Western Comrade. Those Copying Please Give Credit.
THE CALIFORNIA WALNUT GROWERS' ASSOCIATION
By
T
c.
Thorpe ,
Manager
1
HE walnut industry i_n California gained commercial
prominence about the year 1893. For several years
thereafter the growers through lack of organization were
at the mercy of a few large buyers whose operations were
quite speculative, and whose interest, of course~ was to ~eat
down the market to the producer and advance· 1t all posstble
to the consumer. Many of the wholesale dealers made treme~s sums from their walnul operations. During this stage
of the industry the business became so profitable to the producer that it was a mooted question as to whether the speculators would ·be eliminated or the walnut growers uprooted.
About the year 1900 several local co-operative associations
were formed by walnut growers in different districts of
Southern California. These local organizations proved of
benefit to the industry to some extent but were still far from
solving the walnut growers' problems, as the local associations
still dealt with the large private walnut dealers in the marketing of their product. It was not until four years ago that
the California Walnut Growers' Association was formed as a
co-operative marketing organization for the fifteen local walnut growers associations then in existence. Plans were then
promptly perfected for marketing the greatly increasing California walnut crop by the California Walnut Growers' Association direct to the wholesale grocery trade, thus eliminating the
handsome profits which the several unnecessary middlemen
had been leeching from the growers. Since this central marketing agency has been established the selling expenses have
been cut in half, and more satisfactory relations established
between the buyer and seller.
In 1916 twenty-two hundred four growers were members of
the Association and in that year it shipped 17,655.000 pounds
of walnuts, the proc.eeds from sales being nearly three million
dollars. The walnuts were marke ted according to grades at
prices ranging from 12l/zc to 19c, nearly twice as much as
had been received in the early stages of the industry when the
crops had been marketed by private concerns, and this great
benefit to the industry has been accomplished without materially raising the price to the consumer, for the consumers' price
for first class walnuts is now about the same as it was ten or
even fifteen years ago. The Association has enlarged its market by judicious advertising and sells a large part of its product in bright clea n cartons, thus assuring the consumer of
a choice unmixed article, a method of packing never before
used by commercial shippers.
Co-operation rescued the industry, gave the . producer the
full value of his product, injured nobody, and helped everybody.
THE CALIFORNIA ALMOND GROWERS' EXCHANGE
By
T
Geo.
w.
Pierce,
President.
HE California Almond Grower's Exchange was organized
in the spring of 1910 as a non-profit co-operative association. its purpose was to market the almonds of its
members at cost, maintain prices, attain just and equitable
freight rates and widen the market demand for almonds.. Today the Exchange can trulhfully say that all this has been
accomplished--and through co-operation. Starting business
with a borrowed capital of $1000, the organization today has
a number of investments aggregating $100,000, does not owe
a single dollar, and its credit is in the first class. It is composed of twenty-one sub-associations, representing on june
1st, .1917, 1352 growers, controlling approximately three- ·
fourths of the crop.
The Exchange is represented by brokers in every important
market of the United States, and is also represented in England
and Canada. Its largest single sale has been about $50,000,
and the largest amount sold to one customer in one season is .
over $1 00,000.
The Exchange has its motto: "Modern civilization is based
upon confidence and co-operation. Confidence is the foundation upon which all modern business rests; co-operation, the
keystone that unites the. separate units and gives strength to
the .whole structure. The progress and advancement of a ce-rtain a rticle, together with its trade p-restige or superiorities, are
usually found in exactly that degree that its producers may
have co-operated to that end."
---o---:THE CALIFORNIA PEACH GROWERS. INC.
By
F
F. H.
Wi I son.
Presi9.ent
OR years the peach growers of the San joaquin Valley
were forced to sell their product below cos\
At the same time, speculators were receiving la rge undeserved profits. Ruin stared the dried and canned-peach industry in the face.
In january, 1916, the growers co-operated to form the
California Peach Growers, Inc., opening the head office in
Fresno. Nearly a million dollars were subscribed by growers
and business men to launch the new organization, and business
began on a permanent basis May I st. 1916.
The result? Six thousand growers are members of the
organization and are receiving satisfactory living prices for
their product. The producers are receiving the benefit of a
market widened by increased consumption, created by a systematized selling campaign. Consumers are buying peaches
of better and more standardized quality at no greater cost,
and are being educated to a realization of the food value and
wholesome characte-r of evaporated peaches. The growers
direct the sale of practically the entire dried peach crop of the
·
state, handling over 25,000 tons.
WHY C O-OPERATION?
T
H12RE are, perhaps, more farmers' co-operatives in the
state of. California than ~here are in ~ny other state !n
the Umon. The Agranan co-operative movement In
California numbers some of the most powerful and influential
organizations in the · world. Among these are· the California
Associated Raisin Company, the California Walnut Growers'
Association, the California Almond Growers' Association, the
California Peach Growers, the California Fruit Exchange, the
Mutu~l Fruit Distributors, the Tulare Poultry Association, and
others. The development of these co-operative organizations
has been a result almost invariably of the necessity for protection from the miserable exploitation of the farmer in the
market. Conditions among California farmers became so
unbearable a few years ago that it soon became a question
as to whether the farmers should hang together or hang sep(Continued on Page 31)
�T h e . We s
Page twenty-six
I
e r n
Co
m ; ·a
de
Co-operation the World Over
Notes About the Chief .Co~operative~ Gleaned from Many Sources
New
•
Baden
Co-operative
Society
The New Baden Co-operative Socie"fy was started by the United Mine
Workers local members, Union No. 297.
After a few meetings were held and co-operatio.n thoroughly discussed,
abo ut thi rteen members signed up for $25 each. It took but a short time
when sixty-six members had subscribed, that being our presen1 membership, .
Other me rcha~l s in town give lwo per cent on all cash purchases. The
Shareholders o[ this society receive five per cenl in .dividends; thus saving
three per cenl on all money spent for daily necessities in three months.
The society is composed of mine's mostly, although doctors, saloon men
and teachers arc also present stockholders.
Co-opera tion is mostly beneficial lo the working class whose wages have
nol been advanced according lo the p resent high cost of living standards.
Eve ry time the work ingman gels a ten per cent raise the cost of living
goes up lwenly lo thirty per ccnl.
The advantages of the workingman
under co·o pcratio n arc numerous . To have a part ownership in ;in ins titutio n and to have some vo ice in its managemen t gives him a feeling
o f sec urity tha t is ne ve r experienced when he buys fro m stores in w hich
he has no pc1sonal interest.
This feeling can besl be described . as the
sa tisfac tion o f owne rship.
Imagine the prices th at might be c harged by pri vate concerns selling
postage stamps as a result of the wa r if the posto ffice were no t owned
by the people !
Co-operation is the economic organization of the people
and does away wi th competition. Beginning with the sto re, the co -opera ti ve movement will spread until it erribraces every department of in -
dustrial acli vily.- Edward Kitsch, Manage r.
T h e N e e d o f · C o-o p e r a t i o n
" i\1 present in the United Stales the mercantile spirit, or mercantilism,
has obtained a dangerously dominant position. Ex-president Wh11e, of
Cornell Uni versity, has called allcnlion lo this as an ev1l wh1ch threatens
our fu tu re.
The program of co-operation as laid down ~ffo rds an ~scape
from this danger. It offers a field for the highest Ia lenI m the pubhc service and al ihe same lime leaves a vasl field open for the free play of mdividualism, but thai does nol mean isolation. Isolation is barbarism.
Co-operalion seeks the highest perfec tion of all our faculties tha i we may
wo rk with and through others for the good of all.
.
.
"No one sho uld. howe ve r, venture to begin any co-operat 1ve e nterpnse
w ithout the assistance of some person of practical .b usiness capacity . It
requires ca re , prudence, foresight and self-sacrific~ to make a begin.ning .
13y all means should prospecti ve co-opera to rs gam from the expen ence
of others so as lo prof11 by their mistakes.''- Dr. Richard T. Ely.
Twin
S i sters
..
Every article used or consumed by man can now be obtained in Eng·
land and Scotland on the co-operative principle.- E. M. Tousley.
...
.The ~ode'm bakery of the Co-operaliv~ Vooruit in Belgium sends oul
I 00,000 loaves of bread an~ m1lhons of b1scuits every week. Seventy
bakers and twenty bread deliverers a re engaged in the wo rk of makmg
and distributing the bread.
What
to
Re a d
on
Co-operation
GENERAL.--"Co-operation at Home and A)m~ad," C. R. Fay, (Macmillan, 1908). "Co-operation" J. Clayton (Dodge, The Peoples Books).
"Les Societes Co-operatives de Consomma lion," Charles Gide, (Recueil
Sircy, 1917, Paris) .
ENGLAND.- "The Co-operative Movement in Great Britain" Beatrice
Potter( Mrs. Sidney Webb), (Swan, ~onnenschein, London, l904) . " Industrial Co-operation" Catherine Webb (Co-operative Union, Manchester) .
'The Co-operative Movement. Today" G. J . Holyoake (Unwin, London,
1908).
UNITED STATES.- "Co-operalion in the United States," C. W. Perky,
(Co-operative League of. America, New Yo rk, 1917). " Co-operation in
New England" James Ford (Survey Associa tes, New York, 191 3) .
AGRICULTURAL CO-OPERATION.-"Co-operation . in Agricultu re,"
H. W. Wolff (London, 1912). "Co-operation in Agricultu re U. S.), G. H.
Powell (Macmillan, 1913).
W a r
Bo om s
C o-o p e r a
t
o n
Co-operative stores have a new chance in this country, thanks lo the
food conlro) legislation and the sha rp demands of the small consumers that
this law be made lo serve their needs.
The wholesale grocers and butchers will no longer be permilled lo shut
oil supplies from the small co-operative store.
This makes a change in .the conditions of success for consumers' co-
operati ve enterprises, which may mean brilliant success for thousands of
groups of wo rki ng class buyers, where, up lo this lime, failure was the
usual portion.
Carl Vrooman, assistant secretary of agriculture, and an ardent advocate
of the " community store" idea, is said to be responsible for the making of
this pledge lo Herbert Hoover, food administrator.
Vrooman hns made some sharp a ttacks on the food profiteers in the
re tail business, and since his entrance into the figh t the word has gone
fo rth from Hoover's office that the wholesaler who atlempls to shut oil
goods from a co-operative group will be given severe lrealmenl.
Discrimination of this so rl was the cause of the fail ure of the Civil
Service co-operative concern in New York some years ago, wholesalers
announcing that they were unable lo supply it with groceries, meals, bread,
"I say thai every trade unionist who knows thai under the present conditions his life is one lono slruoole until the period of universal and industrial peace prevails, sh;uld ,;,~ember the possibilities of having to live · etc .. "because of complaints from o the r c ustome rs."
The co-operative might possibly have invoked the anli,1rusl law and
fo r w eeks witho ut the. accustomed wuge, and the co-opera tive system IS
spent all its funds on lawyers, but it realized tha i it was up against a
the only one I know thai will enable him in so simple manner lo provide
hopeless struggle.
against such a condition of things. That is why I say _that trade- umomsts
The same story is told of thousands of other simila r a llempls in every
should by all means join the co-operative stores. It 1s no t necessary for
your trade union leaders. lo tell you lo co-operate. Go ahead and do 11 pari of the country: Small merchants and their bankers everywhere comfor yourselves. We find members of trade ·unions, conspicuous men in the
bined to choke oil the supplies of goods by which the co-operative store
unions, equally conspicuous in the co-operative world, because they rec - . lives, and without which it musl die.
ognizc the fac t th at co-ope ration anJ trade unionism are twin siste rs."Now along comes the threa tened famine in the whole wo rld. Food must
be saved, and the cosl of food musl be reduced everywhere and by every
[. F. Forrest, M. A., England.
means. True, the Hoover o rganiza tion has avoided saying anything for
the co-operative system which has done so much for the masses in Europe
Co-operative Expe rienc e
in past years. The food administra tion has no legal authority to send oul
men to organize people into co-operative societies. But at leas t it has
Twenty-eight poor weavers of Rochdale, England, in the year !884,
the power lo prevent restraint of trade in food, and it can, by a mere
conceived the idea of reducing the cost of living, because they had failed
word, safeguard the co-operative stores of the whole country from the
to increase the ir scanty income in a previous strike, by agreeing to conlong-accustomed. persecc ..ms of the capitalist competitors, the wholesalers
tribute two-pence a week toward a common fund with which to co-opand the banks. Hoover has given assurance that co-operatives shall be
eratively buy the necessaries of life. This was the origin of what has
protected in the right to buy food as freely as are ordinary privately
since come lo be known as the world famous "Rochdale" plan of the
people owning their own stores.
owned stores.
If Hoover reduces the ~etail price of foods sufficiently at the corner
From this humble beginning the movement has spread and grown imgroceries of America, the co-operative movement will move slowly for a
mensely popular, until at the present time in Europe alone, there are
20,000 societies with an annual turn-over of goods amounting to over while, but if he fails to bring down low prices, then there may come a
·$700,000,000, with a net profit of over $75,000,000, besides 'two of the real stampede of the small buyer to get into the groups thai can buy in
largesl wli:olesale mercantile eslablishinents in the world, on this plan of
large amounts, handle without a big overhead charge, and build up the
credit of the buyer as they go along. This will mark an entering wedge
equitably distributing the earnings of this vast amount of business among
7,000,000 members and their families who create it by their trade.
into the era of large-scale co-operation.-New York Call.
�Page twenty-seven
The Western Comrade
•
News and Views In
.Agriculture
Bermuda
·
Gras
Bermuda grass is the most important perennial grass in the Southern
Stales. It was introduced into the United States at least as early as 1806.
Besides the common Bermuda grass, there are several varieties; the
most important of which are the Giant, characterized by a very large
growth, and St. Lucie grass, similar to ordinary Bermuda grass, but lacking underground rootstocks.
Bermuda grass grows well mixed with lespedeza for a summer. crop.
Bur clover, black inedic, and hairy vetch as winter crops alternate well
with it.
The best Bermuda grass pastures of the South wilL usually carry two
head of cattle per acre for eight months ·of the year. On poor soils
the carrying capacity is no t more than one cow per acre.
On rich bottom larnl Bermuda grass grows tall enough to cut for hay.
Under exceptional circumstances three or more cullings may be secured
in a season, giving to tal yielc)s of from 6 to I0 Ions of hay per acre.
It will grow well on soils so alkaline that most other field crops, as well
as f ruils, will fail.
The feeding value of Bermuda grass hay compares closely with that of
timothy hay.
Bermuda grass frequently is used to bind levees and to prevent hillsides from washing. The grass usually ·can be eradicated by growing two
smother c rops. a winte r one of oats or rye, fo llowed
by
a summer crop
of cowpeas or velvet beans.- Farmers Bulletin.
Boll-Weevil
Control
There is no cure-all or ''easy way' ' to control boll-weevils.
Only a
combination of measures. or an anti-boll-weevil system of farming, prac-
ticed the yea r round, will enable farmers to produce the most profitable
crops of colton under weevil conditions. Reporting studies of the habits
and control of this pest covering many years of experimentation, W. D.
Hunter, a specialis t in the Bureau of Entomology. United Stales Department of Agriculture, in Farmers' Bulletin 848, "The Boll-Weevil Problem,"
describes this control system. It contains the formula for growing larger
war crops of collon.- U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Selection
of
Seed-Corn
If you have ever been caught in the spring without a supply of corn
that was fit for seed, do not ·be caught . that way again . The best insurance is to gather your own seed a t ripening time this fall when the
best quality is most plentiful. Pick the seed by hand in the field, says
the U. S. Department of Agricultu re .. from the most productive stalks. An
car on the stalk is worth a dozen from the bin when it comes to selecting
seed corn. On a productive stalk you know its parentage; from the bin
it may look good but be a worthless mongrel as far as seed value is
conccr·ned.
Sweet
Clover
The cultivation of sweet clover should be preceded by a thorough
knn~ ledge of the requirements for obtaining a stand.
The white species comprises a very large percentage of the present
~ acreage of sweel clover.
Annual yellow sweet clover should be sown in no portion of the
United Stales except the South and Southwest, and then only as a cover
h is very essential that inoculation be provided in some fo~ if success
is to be expected.
·'
The large number of failur~s in obtaining a stand of sweet clover are .
due primarily to acid soils, laJ:k of inoculation, and seed which germinates
poorly.
.
.
_ Sptjng seedings in general are satisfactory, but in the South excellent
stands · are obtained from midwinter seeding• also. , Fall seeding• are
usually suc.cessful south of the latitude of southern Ohio.- Ohio· Agricultural Experiment Station.
Fighting
Cattle Tick
have lived for several years in the country badly infested with ticks'
and have succeeded in keeping my cattle comparatively free from them.
There are three things which I have found very helpful. The first is
sulphur. When I notice that the ticks are getting on my cows, I give
them a teaspoonful ot sulphur in their feed once a week. I do this in
fair weather. I have been iold that oulphur should not be fed to cows in
rainy weather and I have never lried it.
I find that a flock of poultry will destroy a great many ticks. Encourage
the cattle to lie about where the chickens run. Always let the poultry
out in the mo rning before the cattle leave for the pasture. Some hens
will go where the cattle are lying down and look them over as if determined to have every tick in sight.
Changing pastures is the third. The ticks will sta rve and die in a few
months if there are no cattle for them to work on. I turned my cattle
into a pasture .where there had been no cattle the year before, and for
a long time there would be only occasional ticks on them. Of course, I
could never keep them entirely free from the ticks as there were always
other cattle just acroos the fence that had ticks-some animals fairly
loaded with them.-Alvin G. Fellows, Texas, in Farm Journal.
St orin g
Sweet
Potatoes
Every potato grower and every municipality interested in the problem
of storing our war crops of white and sweet potatoes 'should write to
the United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., for the
following free publications:
Farmers' Bulletin 852, "Management of Common Storage Houses for
Apples in the Pacific Northwest"; Farmers' Bulletin 847- just published" Potato Storase and Storage Houses." Also write to the Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh, North Carolina, for a copy of Extension Circular
No. 30, "Storage of Sweet Po tatoes."
To
Assist
Bur ea u
of Markets
The Secretary of Agriculture has secured the serviceo, for a temporary
period, of Prof. William F. Gephart, of Washington University, and Prof.
Charleo S. Po tts, of the UniYersity of T exao. They will assist the Bureau
of Markets in a ttacking problems affecting the handling and distribution
of agricultural food supplies.
Dr. Gephart is dean of the college of commerce and finance of Wash'ington University, and has served ao profesoor of economics of the Ohio
State University and of Washington University for several yea,rs. · H~
made a lifelong study of p roblems affecting the handling and diotri6iillon
of agricultural products, and is the author of several publications on
economic subjects. Prof. Potts is assistant dean of the law school and
professor of government at the University of Texas, and has published
much material relative to economics and sociology.
or green manure crop.
Sweet clover is being cultivated in practically every State in the Union.
1\t the present time the large•! acreage is found in the western NorthCentral States and in the Mountain States.
Sweet clover is adapted to a wider range of climate conditions than
•ny of the true clovers, and possibly alfalfa.
Sweet clover will grow on practically all soil types to be found in this
country, provided the soil is not acid and is well innoculated.
Sweet clover is more drought resistant than alfalfa or red clover. It
is quite resistant to alkali.
The lime requ:rement of sweet clover is as high as that of red clover
or alfalfa. Maximum growth is obtained only on soils that are not acid.
Sweet clover uoually will respond to applications of fertilizers and
manure.
In the more humid sections of the country good stands usually are
obtained by seeding with a nurse crop.
Only seed which germinate• 75 per cent or more should be oown in the
spring of the year unleso the ·rate of seedlings is increased to make up
for poor germination.
Sweet clover doe• best when seeded on a well-firmed seed bed which
has only sufficient loose soil on the surface to cover the seed.
Alf a lfa tn a Peach Orchard
A new J ersey peach grower asks our opinion of alfalfa as a cover crop
among peaches. Few peach growers advocate its uoe. Peach. trees, above
all other kinds of fruit, appreciate clean cultivation. In many cases the
most economical way of building up the fertility of land in a young
peach orcha rd is to plan t annual cover crops in midsummer following clean
cultiva tion in the spring. On land that is already in a fairly good state
of fertility a cheap way of developing a peach orchard is to grow cultivated crops between the rows for oeveral years or until the trees need
all the space.- U. S. Dept. Agriculture.
••• •
Sod land to be used for corn next year should be plowed immediately
after haying and cultivated deeply the rest of the summer lo reduce the
number of wireworms.
• • •
Arsenate of lime may be useq in place of the more expensive arsenate
of lead, but should not be used on plants with delicate foliage, sucq as
otone fruito.
..
�Page twenty-eight
Thc\Vcstern
-Reviews of Recent Readable Books
• "The Day of Wisdom" by Mrs. L D. Balliett.
Mrs. L D. Ballie;l, principle of the School of Psychology and Physical
Culture of Private Pupils, of Atlantic City, New Jersey, adds to her laurels
in her latest book "The Day of Wisdom According to Number Vibration_"
This book is the result of the author's concentrated and independent
thought put into action through scientific number vibratiort.
This science is based on the system of numbers and letJers as taught
by Pythagoras. Mrs. Balliett has taken the lead among American students
in this inte resting realm of research and published a number of books
which have had a wide sale in this country and in Europe. Teachers all
over the country use her" text books. The aim of the present volume is
to explain ••the cause of why so many earnest souls, many who endeavor
by so-called 'right thinking' find themselves filled with unrest and failure.
Much of the fault lies in the lack of conscious connection with nature-wi th that force thai was present and assisted al their birth and through
its power made for them the tie to Nature" s realm. This birth force
returns about three times each month and these are the days of wisdom-they show the natural plan of life made plain a nd simple."
It was through Dr. ·Walter J. Mitchell and Dr. G. W. Hess of Los Angeles that my attention was c~lled to the science of vibrations. My studies
have thus far led me only into the edge of the subject, but the glimpse
By
o_
Comrade
Bobspa
Fatherland," "Th~ Origin .and Meaning of the War," "Onward, .lo Democracy.••
·
Herman Fernau is opposed lo the materialistic conception of history and
accounts for the war_on other theories. (E. P. Dullon & Co., New York).
"My Wife" by Edward Burke
. Edward Burke is h·ailed as a funny man in his new book "My Wife.'"
ll-.e publishers are responsible for the assertion that Mr_ Burke writes "in
manner that suggests Jerome K. Jerome, but with more refined and subtle
humor.'' Personally, I wouldn' t consider that much of a recommendation,
for I know of no professional humorist more uninteresting and tiresome
:haa Jerome K. Jerome. Burke does bear some resemblance in his output.
"My "Wife" is the small boy type of humor, and lo an age which lauds
Charlie Chaplin and buys more of Ha rold Bell Wright's books than those
of any other author in America this effusion of poor taste may be popular. Haven"t you heard with disgust so many married Couples coming into
a group and begin a raillery that smacks too much of reality- references
to personal defects and eccentricities beller left untouched? That is how
I fed about "My Wife.'" The book is tiresome--to me. Maybe it won't
be lo you. Besides it seems that Mr. Burke realizes all the way through
tha t he is a humorist. (E. P . Dullon & Co .. No;,. York)."
caught is suffic ient to demonslral<' that a great fundamental t ruth is em-
bodied in the ideas sci forth by its teachers. Mrs. Balliett's book is the
mo•l thorough I h a ve found on the subject, and a careful study of its
"Newsboy Servict;" by Mrs. Anna Y. Reed
p:1ges will disa rm the skeptic ism that is so n atural in the present s tage
How does the newsboy's work affect his progress in school ? What
effect does it have on his morals and with his ideas of right and wrong?
Does starling as a newsboy help or hi~der a young American in his future
business career? These are a few of the questions Mr;. Anna Y. Reed has
amwered in " Newsboy Service," the first study in vocalional and educa·
tiona! guidance lo be mdde under the Smith-Hughes acl, passed in February, 1917. Mrs. Reed studied her subject at f~rsl hand among the
newsboys of Seallle, and the result of her investigations is a model conlriLulion to the literature of practical sociology. ·n-.e book is primarily
for supcrilendents and teachers of schools and members of boards of edu calion. but it is >O lull of hurr.an interest thai genora l readers will find
of thinking of mosl men and women.
""You can prove lo your satisfaction the basic principles of the One
Source of all colors, sounds, and all things the eye sees, the ear hears, and
the desire of the heart longs for by the analysis of its mental structure,"
s.1ys the preface. "Each separate thing will speak lo you and tell you its
•ucssagc if you will learn its uni vt- rsal language."
The sul>jecl IS a Jeep one thai will require study of more than a
5upcrfa..::ial sort.
way of lift:.
fo llow.
But Wl' should not neglect these signpos ts on the hi gh Pioneers havt gone before, blazing the way .for us to
The wo rld tre111l>les in the throes of a new awakenmg to old
truths that hav t' bet'n obscured in th e maze uf "civilization .. and lost an
the unbalanced dt.·veloprnent of intellectuality.
lt is now our duty to
become Labes in reseaa·h- - anJ this lht' world toJay is doing- the most
wondrous epoch in
his tory, - and one full of significance to those
attuned to t;a tch its message. "The Day of Wisdom" is a kry to much
that is t ranspiring on this little old planet in th is Jay of rt·gent"ra tion .
au
- -(Sold l>y I he autho r. A tlantic Ci1y. N.
J.)
it well worth readmg.
Many will gain from ih pages for the f~rsl time a definite idea of the
1ddt ivc imJX>rlance of a vocational progress wi ll welcome the appearanctol this intensive •tudy. Best of all. resulls good for the boys <onJ for
schools of the whole country are bounJ lo follow its publication. The1c
is a p refa tory nole by W. Carson Rydn, Jr., edito r United Stales BuredU
of Educatio.n. (World Book Co., New York.)
"The Coming Democracy" by Herman Fernau.
"The Hc:H: 's Kingdom" by Marie Thompson Davies
If I were in Germany wi th my library I would be shot for treason, because I h appen lo possess a significant little book " Because I am a German," wrillen by Herman Fernau of Germany.
The . consctence
of Germany found a voice in Mr. Fernau. The book was a d~rect allack
on Prussianism. Within three weeks after publication in Germany every
copy of the work was conEscaled by the police, and today, the possession
ol a copy is punishable by death.
·
.
.
A second book has been wrillen from the stronghold of Sw1lzerland s
neutrality . . A German edition of this volume "The Comi~g Democracy,"
was published in Berne and shortly after an Amencan ed111on brought_ oul.
"Ihe author says: "What does this book conlam?
It conlams a
demand for reforms which in all the civilized countries of the world have
for de~ades pasl appeared lo the dullest peasant an understood thing. . In
facl, what I he re demand for Germany has been possessed by the Engl ..h,
Frcncl>, Americans, and Swiss for the pasl 150 years . - . Onward lo
democracy! ThiS w1ll and musl tomorrow be the Ualllecry of Eu1opc ID
general and of Germany m particular.
. Away from BISmarck.
Germany for the Germans!"
Again: " Let us take up again the threads of classic German~m. Let us
remember our intellectual heroes of the age of Schiller and Go ,.,•• of our
democratic na tional poets of the 'forties of the last century.' Only with
their help, and only in their spirit, can the German problem be finally
solved to the blessing of Germany and the world.
"Let us break with the development of the lasl century. The world
war signifies the collapse of a system and a spirit of culture that were
thoroughly un-German, that is, 1horoughly Prussian. Let us join hands
with the other civilized nations of the world as peaceable, equally privileged and equally efficient laborers in the tield of culture."
The main general problems dealt with in "The Coming Democracy"
are : "Some Problems for the Future German Historiaiu," " On Dynasties
in General and the German Imperial Constitution in Particular," "The
Basis of '.he Dynamic Power," ---n-.e Principles of German Policy," "The
German Dynasty and the German Not_ion of Culture," " The German's
'The Heart's Kingdom" brings 1\iaric Thompson Davies before us again,
with a tale more entrancing even than "Daredevil." She has interpreted
1he awakening spiritual development of the world in a novel that abounds
in life. There is a warm sponta neous sprinkling of humor in every chapter.
It is unstudied and nalura_l. The whole book is natural. I wish Miss
Davies would wri te anothe r novel, now, telling of the bigger spiritual unfoldment that is going io b;eak ou :side the narrow confines of Christianity Into the spirit of Humanism. But with the characters she selected
she couldn't handle them any o ther way. They are "getting warm'.' but
the goal .is still ahead of them. (Reilly and Briton, Chicago.)
"Jean Jaures : Socialist· and Humanitarian" by Margaret Pease
"jean Jaures : Socialist and Humanitarian," is a splendid little book by
Margaret Pease, with an int roduction by J. Ramsey Macdonald of the
British parliament. We are pleased lo welcome this tribute to the fi rst
manyr of the world murder-fest, the Lincoln type of French hero who has
been justly called "the grea test democ ratic personal force in Europe-even
in the world." lbe author deals wi th "A Short Sketch of the Man and
llis Career," "Socialism," "Jaure< and the Dreyfus Case," "Socialist Methods," "The New Army," "International Peace."
lbe book is not designed as an exhaustive study of the great Frenchman,
but "its object is merely lo give English readers some acquaintance with
thai force, at once harmonizing and progressive, that was in Jaures, and so
h~lp lo preserve his inHuence from being lost.""
Here is a tribute to the man : " Jaures beyond and above all men stood
for freedom, the freedom of the unprivileged, the freedom of all men. He
stood for the whole nation against ·a class, and for the whole humanity
against predomina'.ing nations. He wanted a living society, each man in
it sacred, f ree, all banded together fo• social ends, making up free nations
also banded together for social ends, each respecting the other, each secure
from tyranny.
The death of Jau res was the 6nt effort of the
blind, brule force. It crushed out the most vigorous son of man that it
�Page twenty-nine
TheWe s l e rn Comrade
could find, the most living, loving, ardent soul, the cl~resl brain, the
wannest heart, the one most consc:ous of the whole trend of things." And
' again: " Jaures was a man of very great gifts whieh were never used for
his own ad~ancement but devoted to the service of the people." You
will like this little tribute to the comrade "martyr to his faith in humanity." ,
(B. W. Huebsch, New York.)
"The Mexican Problem" by Clarence W. Barron
Clarence W. Barron, manager of the Wall Street Journal, Boston News
Bu rcau and Philadelphia News Bureau, author of "The Mexican Problem,"
'The Audacious War," and "Twenty-Eight Essays on the Federal. Reserve
1\ct," presents a new volume, "The Mexican Problem." As could be
~uessed, it ls written f ro m the s tandpoint of "the business man."' In t.h e
words of Mr. Barron : " This i! the need of Mexico today- opportumty
to labor. opportunity fo r the family, opportunity for food, clothing, better
shelter. and better social conditions. And this is exactly what American
and European capi tal and o rganizations have b ro ught to Tampico, at ·
t raded by its underground wealth, and this is what will ultimately redeem
Mexico and forward her p<ople by industrial opportunity."
The book is based on firs t-hand info rmation, but worke rs will hardly
enth use o ver the eulogy of Mr. Doheny, American oil king, whose guest
Mr. Barron has frequently been. The book presents an interesting viewthe work of a faithful servant of the master class. (Houghton-i\liffiin Co ..
Boston.)
"YOUR Part in Poverty" by George Lansbury
Clear -cut ancJ conclusive is the message written by George Lansbury,
editor of the Herald (London) and former member of parliament, in his
recent book, "YOUR Pa rt in Poverty ." Edward Winton, bishop of Winchester. though professing a disbelief in most of the vtews ot Comrade
l.a nsbury, grudgingly co nsenteJ to write a p reface to the volume, urgmg
the necessity on the part of churehmen and others to. give the autho_r a
hearing. Following a general in trod uctory chapter selling forth the stluation in England, Mr. Lansbury add resses himself direc tly to wo rkmen, to
women and children. to business. to the churches; and concludes wtth sug-
AN ~
0 UN CEMENT!
Beginning in the near future, the WESTERN COMRADE plans to conduct an OPEN FORUM. This department will publish letters discus.ing
all conceivable subjects pertaining to Socialism and the Socialist Party.
The question of Socialist tactics will be given prominent place in the
Forum. Communications must not be over 750 words in length. Diatribes
against individuals are prohibited. Criticism of the. acts of certain persons.
provided it is fair and cool, is perfectly permissible. The editors reserve •
the privilege of ·not publishin6 certain letters for reasons obvious to them.
and also to expurgate sentences and ·paragraphs- which they consider inadvisable to print. Letters will not be returned to correspondents.
Writers are asked to date their letters, and sign them with full name.
.;iving complete address. Co rrespondents are urged to send in their communications a t once.
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T HE
WESTERN COMRADEYear, 75c ; Single Copies, IOc ; Clubs of Four
or more, $2.00.
THE LLA N O C OLONISTYear, 50c ; Short Periods, 1c a week; Three
Sub Cards for $1.00.
C 0 M R A D E a n d C 0 L 0 N I S TYear, $1.00 ; Clubs of Four or more, $3.00.
Address :
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS, LLANO. CAL
('lestions as to ''wh a t w e must do."
" He concludes his book with faith in the people : " I have faith in the
common peopl<. There has been plenty of disillusionment in my lifeti~e,
but. in the main. I. like eve• y other man and woman who IS workmg
amo ngst the people. know quite 'Well that. given the chance, the mass
of people respond always to the best that IS put befo re them. It is not a
bit true that human na ture is necessarily ugly and brutal or destitute of
idealism.··
"Durin ~ the present war there has been great talk ." writes Mr.
. Those
Lansbury, "about the breakdown .of class distinctions.
acquainted with the fac ts of everyday life know that !his unity has been
to a very large extent superficial. At home luxury and wealth, poverty
and misery still abound. High profits and dividends are still being accumula ted." All through the author points out the contrast between the
wealth of the favored classes and the poverty of the workers, never failing to indicate the underlying causes. He pricks the bubble of the wealthy
"ladies" who work beside the mill girl and then go home to gtve expensive dinners that would cost mo re than their wages in the mill would
amount to in months. "Victory is defeot if the price is human rights.
If burdens are unequally distributed in war times, if some profit while
others pay, if workmen's liberty, children·s education and women·s rights
are . sacrificed to gain military triumphs, success is but a hollow mockery."
There are many lessons for America in this analy•is of England's labor
problems. (B. W. Huebsch, New York.)
Our Editor Friends
Phil Wagner's "The Melting Pot" has a new editor at •the helm, Comrade
Frank M. Eastwood, who attracted attention as the " Question Box" editor
of " The Appeal to Reason" and other editorial capacities. He resigned
as editor of "The Menace" to take eharge of " The Melting Po t." He
contributed to the September number and with the October issue will assume full charge. Walter Hurt, of the Wagner staff, will be one of the
contributors. With Easrwood and Hurt a• the le~ding acto rs in an allstar cast, the good little magazine cannot help going right along with a
whizz. The price has been reduced to the old rate of fifty cents a year.
• • •
Says Dr. G. Henri Boga r! of Shelbyville. lllinoi•, in "The Medical
Fortnightly" : " The unlettered unconsciously cling to the 'fetish' idea
In the
Western Comrade
for November:
"THE REVOLUTION IN NORTH DAKOTA"
The second of the •eries being written specially for the Western
Comrade by Mr. Teigan. He will tell in November of the
campaign of 1916 and its results.
"CRIME AND THE PROBATION SYSTEM"
Beginning two articles by H. A. Sessions, who give• the result
of his observations and experience as Probation Officer of
Fresno, California, covering a period of ten yea rs. Written
specially for the Western Comrade.
"THE PROBLEM OF MANAGEME.NT"
Walter Thomas Mills will discuss this matter in relation to the
natural resources of the country. What , Comrade Mills has to
say is wo rth while li•tening to, fo r he is no t only a student,
but a keen and . practical observer of wide experience. W ri tten
specially for the Western Comrade.
"THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF EQUITY"
This is by ~- F. Lowrie, president of the Montana Stale Union
of the American Society of Equity. He tells of the revolt of
the wheai fa rmers again•l the exploitation by the middlemen
and speculato rs. Written specially for the Western Comrade.
"REGENERATION"
A forceful and logical article by Dr. John Dequer, wri tten
specially for the Western Comrade.
"INVADING LOUISIANA"
The second article concerning the new possessions in the Queen
Stale of the South, and something of the plans which a re being
made.
o f medicine. ascribing disease lo a malevolent something to be exorcised
by some other equally m teriou• something." Dr. Bogart is a graduate
of the allopathic and eclec c sehools of medicine, but instead of grafting
on the people by the ehicanery of the "profes•ion," has tried fo r years
to humanize the sharks of the medical trust. The August "Medical Sum ma ry" of Philadelphia featureJ his brochu,. on "War. Mora), Health- the Future."
EDITORIALS
By Comrade J ob Harriman.
Poems. Sho rt Articles, etc., Book Reviews, Agricultu ral No tes, and
authentic and first hand no tes on Co-operation everywhere.
�The
Page thirty
The Revolution in North Dakota
(Continued from page 11)
Grand Forks) and lots of money, it might have been a little
bit different. (Laughter) . But I was an "undesirable citizen" ; a discredited man; an outcast. A man with an idea,
but without friends.
"Well, I spent a couple of days talking with Mr. Wood and
his fa ther ; about what should be done. . At last I began to
get them a little bit excited. I can not account for it in any
other way. I don't think that I had convinced them of anything. I guess I must have got them 'off the trolley.' They
were not 'normal' as our opposition friends call it, after I ·
got after them for two or three days, any more than you
farmers were 'normal' when you built the Nonpartisan League.
You are an abnorm ~ 1 bunch of people.
"Well, fin ally Howa rd hitched up a team and we went and
saw a neighbor, a nd I 'put him on' and got his $6. Well it
began to look like something real! So the next morning he
hitched up again , a nd this time we went in a nother direction
with a buggy, and tackled another man a nd got his $6.
"And we found out that over there were a couple or three
townships without a ny snow on the ground. By this time
Howa rd was beginning to get a little more excited, a nd when
we hea rd about this he said : 'I have got a little old Ford,
a nd we will take that, a nd go and see some of those fellows.
"The old gentleman was not so much excited . He had his
head with him yet. What I wanted was to get him in the car.
But his sta nding with the fa rmers was too good. He didn 't
go. He had more fa rmers' stores to ta ke care of those two
weeks than any other man in the state ! I a m not criticizing
the old gentleman for tha t. I give him credit for good judgment. But Howard got excited better than the old fellow.
"Well, we sta rted out next morning with the Ford. We took
along a couple of shovels ; and by shoveling and ·pushing and
cranking, we got over to where there was not any snow. And
I -painted a picture to those farmers that made every one of
them1 see the Nonpartisan League better than you see it now.
Some of them were very doubtful whether they would ever get
any value for their money, but they thought it was worth
trying anyway and some of them said: 'It is worth $6 to
hear that fellow talk!' "
By the fall of 1915 more than 20,000 farmers of North
Dakota had considered it worth $6 to hear Mr. Townley and
other League organizers talk. The movement had become so
.strong that the old political machines were panic-stricken. The
sheets of the Plunderbund and especially those reflecting the
interests of the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce, became
bitter and vituperative in their abuse of the new movement.
Mr. Townley was subjected to all sorts of a.buse. If he had
been so disposed, he could have brought several editors to
account for libel, but his determination to· direct the League
to a successful victory prevented him from bringing the
farmers' enemies to the bar of justice.
In September, 1915, a weekly paper, the "Nonpartisan
Leader," was started. Every member of the League became
a subscriber. When the League was started, there was no
official publication, and the only promise made to the new
member was that he should receive the "official paper" and
Pearson's Magazine "not later than December I, 1915."
The fact that 20,000 farmers would pay over to a n unknown organization, and in many cases to an unknown solicitor, a membership fee of $6 bears ample testimoy of the
farmer revolt that was brewing.
(The next article will deal with the campaign of 1916).
Th~
·we s t e r n
Co mr ad e
New Socialism
(Continued from Page 12)
organized workers be made to see that they will never get
anything from their legislatures unless the members of the
legislatures are their own men, chosen by them at their own
councils, and elected by them at the polls.
. The co-:Operative movement in this country is far behinci
the movement in Europe, but it is growing rapidly. It takes
various forms-producers' co-operatives, buying co-operatives,
and co-operative communities. The object of all is to enable
the producer to retain or get back more of what he produces
than he would otherwise have. Their light is our light-but
in taking up their light we would be merely helping ourselves.
By making the co-operative movement our own we would be
developing a source of power the extent of which it would be
difficult to over-estimate.
By consolidating these forces, by making the Socialist Pa rty
the direct, active agent of the organized worker, we will be
able to build a n efficient, well-knit machine capable of producing ta ngible results.
And we will need every spark of power that we can generate. Our battle will begin in earnest when the war ends.
We have faith in the future; but our confidence must not
rest on an optimism that is not justified by facts. The war
may work in our favor in one direction ; it is bound to militate
against us in another. As a result of military necessity, state
control of industry will probably increase, but democracy,
which is quite as essential to our program, has already lost
ground enormously. The end of the war may find the industrial autocrats more securely enthroned than ever. The movement for the extension of our foreign trade, the program of
imperialism, will be in full swing. A gigantic military establishment, so necessary to the purposes of imperialism, will be
ready at hand. And when peace comes, our financial masters
will use every possible weapon to hold the ground they have
won during the war.
We must be prepared to light to retain whatever the movement may have gained and to regain everything it has lost.
T he keenness of the struggle will divide the classes in this
country more sharply than ever before. It will result in driving a vast number of people into our camp--if we but have
brains enough to take them in.
Here, then, is our opportunity. It would be criminal not
to take adva ntage of it. Let us profit by the mistakes of the
past, or all our work and all our sacrifices will be in vain. We
must discard our intellectual snobbery, our slavish devotion
to creed . We must mix with publicans and sinners, and take
pleasure in doing so. We must understand that a man is not
of necessity a fool or a knave because of his inability to recite
the Communist Manifesto backwards. We must learn to utilize forces that may not be consciously socialistic, but whose
progress inevitably leads in the direction of socialism. We
must make co-operation, not only an ideal to be realized m
the distant future, but the immediate policy of our party.
We must liberalize ourselves.
Current Problems
Continued from page 18
related to each other and, at last, embody in their activities,
ample provision for the common good of all as against the
private interests of any.
In the effort to advance this work, it will be found at every
step that the real difficulties are in orl4nization and management.
Next month, this problem of management will be considered as related to the natural resources.
l.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-10
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-10
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n06_191710
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2018-08-01
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v05n06
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30 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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The Revolution in North Dakota by H.G. Teigan
Current Problems by Walter Thomas Mills
Llano's Lousiana Purchase
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1ad0a9bfeb276edfd919abda9a2bc8cf.pdf
a43a74bf5bc466977a57f5f5cdc52840
PDF Text
Text
19 17
Price Ten
Cents
I;
I
]!,
Features:
Page
I
'"
Page
Editorials by Job Harriman
3
Co-operation in Russia
Llano's Asseb,
8
Co-operative Banking by Clinton Bancroft 16
- . . . . 14
The Wreck (Story) by Ethel Winger .
10
Evening Thoughts by Dr. John Dequer
17
Was Schmidt Guilty ? . . . . . .
12
Terms of Peace by Ida Crouch-Hazlett
20
/
�..
The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE U.ANO DFL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is located in
the beautiful Antelope Valley, in ~e ~ortheas!em p_art _of
Los Angeles Couniy, Southern California. This plam lies
between the San Gabriel spur of the Sierra Madres on the south
~nd the Teha.c hapi range on the north. The Colony is on the north
slope of the San Gabriel range. It is almost midway between
Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific, and Victorville, on the Santa
Fe railroad.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is made up of penons
who believe in the application of the principles of co-operation
to the widest possible extent. Virtually all of the residents are
Socialists. It is a practical and convincing answer to those who
have scoffed at Socialist principles, who have said that "it won't
work," who have urged many fallacious arguments. In the three
years since it was established, the Colony has demonstrated thoroughly the soundness of ;;, plan of operation and its theory. Today it is stronger than ever before in its history.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever a ttempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May !st. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemploymenl and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their families.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the
Colony has grown.
It is a perfect eocample of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, was ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort for the future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin~ it the largest town in the
Antelope Valley. Mor. than 200 children attend the schools. The
Montessori school is in operation, taking the .children from 2'/z to
6 years of age. A new school building is soon to be built.
The Colony owns a fine herd of splendid dairy cattle, 100 head
of voung stock nrc on the range, being heifers and calves up
to i years of age. Over 100 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with two tractors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Ouroc-Jersey sows gives the Colony thirtyeight registered high-cia.- breeding sows and 2 splendid boars, the
nucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pens
have been built. Registration will be kepi up and the raising of
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
fine Berkshires. and a Iorge number of grade sows.
The Colony has more than 400 acres of orchards.
Community gardening: is carried on. and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and experienced men in charge of the different deparl~ents.
Llano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department expeels to have several thous.nd stands in a few yean.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a thot~
sand will cost the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful. A band, several orchestras, a dramatic
club, and other organizations assist in making the social occasions
enjoyable.
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Uano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttin~;s a atason can be depended on. Ditches lined with
\
'\
cobblestone set in Uano litqe, making them permanent, conserve
water and insure economy.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITIJTIONS
Among the industries of Uano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are : Printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop, planing mill, lime kiln,
saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, alfalfa, orchards, rabbitry, gardens,
hog raisin~, stage, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, doctor's offices.
woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barber shop,
baths, swimming pool, studios, hotel, drafting room, post office,
commissary, camping ground, grammar school, Montessori school,
library, two weekly dances, brass band, orchestra, socialist local,
and others.
NO CONSTITIJTION OR BY-LAWS
~
Many persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to gel
this
information.
they must secure
a
copy of a cons titution
and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano del Rio Community contents itself with a "'declaration of pnnciples" which is
printed below. The business and financial affairs of the enterprise are conducted by the board of directors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by-laws of almost every stale. The only innovation is in
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of how many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The inc"rporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the pari of slate
officials to interfere.
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
In conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inflexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colomsls have a Oeclaration of Principlea
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follow•:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not re•lricl
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested m the Community alone.
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is aufficienl to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelbgenre are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. Th• development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater polsessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happinen.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
FOR
FURTHER
INFORMATION
WRITE
Llano Publications, Llano, California
�Political
Co-operation
Action
Direct
Action
The Western Comrade
DeToted
to tlte
Caase
of
tlte
Workers
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916, at the post office at Llano, California, under Act of March 3, 1879.
JOB HARRIMAN · •
PUBLISHFD EAGI MON'rn AT llANO, CALIFORNIA.
Managing Editor.
~7
ERNEST S. WOOSTER
.
.
.
.
.
.
Business ManaRer
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies JOe; clubs of 4 or mora (in U. S.) so~: - Combination with llANO COLONIST $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE, but are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so stated.
In making change of a~dres~ al~vays give your former one so that the ll)·ailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
VOL. V.
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, SEPTEMBER, 1917
Editorials
T
HE International News Service is authority for the state,
ment that Germany now has 6,000,000 trained soldiers
in uniform.
The American Review of Reviews is authority for the
statement that it will require one year for the United States
to place only 600,000 men in Europe; a period of ten years
for the United Stale> to become _militarized as Germany now
is; that the German military machine can stand upon the defensive and grind up huma n fodder for the next 25 years.
If this is true, Germany ca nnot be conquered by force
of arms.
A
NY force that will overthrow the German crown is largely
within Germany. That power centers in the Reichstag.
The Socialists and Liberals have combined. Hindenburg and
Scheidemann have locked horns. Bethman-Hollweg listened
to Scheidemann and went down. Chancellor Michaelis is
now listening to Scheidemann and will likewise go down.
Hindenburg will not listetl and Hindenburg will go down,
dragging the Kaiser and his crown with him.
The Hindenburg-Scheidemann controversy arose over the
plan of campaign in the East.
Hindenburg proposed to cross the Hills of Fodelia, pass
through the grain fields of Bcssarabia to Odessa, and thus
reach the heart of Russia.
All the military authorities . are agreed uJlon lhis policy.
If carried out, Russia would probably fall victim to German
arms. The military chieftains must insist that when Germany
failed to strike at this point last spring she overlooked the
best bet that history ever offered to an army or nation.
On the eve of the Russian Revolution Hindenburg said,
NOW OR NEVER!
Scheidemann said, NEITHER NOW NOR NEVER!
Such a course means to Scheidemann the betrayal of
the new Russia and the destrution of all the fruits, past and
prospective, of the Russian Revolution.
If the crown adopts the policy of Hindenburg, a social
No.
5
By Job Harriman
revolution in Germany is imminent. If his policy is turned
down, Hindenburg with his military machine will resign and
the crown will be without a staff. ·
The German .people will then join hands with the Russian
people and state their terms of peace.
But the British GOVERNMENT will not yet be ready to
sta te HER terms of peace.
SHE is fighting for DEMOCRACY.
--0----
T
HE Literary Digest is now self-appointed censor of the
editorial columns of the American press. She has
reviewed the editorials so long that her critical faculties have
developed into such an over-weening egoism that she feels
competent not only to criticise, but also to determine the
editorial policy of the press.
She is calling upon all her readers 1to forward to her Solon
all editorials that do not measure up to the uigh standard of
popular passiotl. ignorance, and superstition. She promises
upon receipt of the same to forward all such to the government with full direction so as to what steps the government
would take in dealing out the proper punishments.
Even a suggestion of press censorship breeds hybrids of
strange and urmatural form.
How devilish a self-appointed, uncalled-for sleuth must
feel!
The very spirit of it is enough to curdle the blood.
Made mad with much learning she is sinking her poisoned
fangs, rattler-like, into her own flesh.
The field of brilliant and original editorials, hers for years,
furnished a rich pasture to the "Digest," which it now seeks
to destroy in the name of Democracy.
The "Digest' has been living a dual and deceitful life. It
profes$es De~ocracy but lives Autocracy. The blood of
Autocracy tha.t courses its veins makes putrid upon its lips
the word Democracy.
A CENSORSHIP FOR DEMOCRACY'S SAKE is the last
word in diabolical treason to our FREE and democratic institutions.
�Page fo11r
T
J
The Western Comrade
F:·
HE American Review of Reviews says.: "England has organization, the A.
of L. and the Socialist party, and draw
probably 3,000,000 fairly well trained men in her re- alike from each.
The~e is but one means by which this tendency can be
serve camps at home."
.
We are shipping scores of thousands of our young, un- checked and.. that is. by eStablishing complete political unity
trained men direct to the trenches ·t o be slaughtered while between the economic and the political organizations. Out
of this unity will spring great power-power on both the
the trained English soldier stands by and looks on.
economic and the politi~al fields. By this up.ity legislatures
What f~ols we mortals be!
American soldiers, if sent abroad at alt should be sent and . judges .·can be elected, laws enacted and construed,
to 'the English camps to be trained and not one of · them and the military ·force directed. The power springing from
should be permitted to go to the trenches until every trained such united ~ction of the working class will give rise to and
sustain an abiding hope, for hope always abides in the bosom
English soldier .shall have gone before.
This is England's and Germany's fight for commercial su- o'f the man or class that has power to act.
premacy and they should bear the brunt of the battle. If
Out of such union and such hope a constructive program
we exhaust ourselves to win the war while England holds would spring and be rapidly enforced. 'This is growth.
back her 3,000,000 trained soldiers, she will have sufficient
If, however, the syndicalist movement should survive we
power to force her terms of peace.
would be brought face to face with the necessity of another
She tried that game upon us during the revolutionary ,.;\djustment. Whether we believe in individual direct action
war, and also during the civil war. Can it be said that her or sabotage or syndicalism i~ its highest form, yet the workers
conscience will stand in her way today?
will meet with the army and navy, and be compelled to turn
Is she not demanding 1,000,000 square miles of German to parliament for a minimum wage or work day, or some
Colonial Territory? Will she change her mind if she con- other law, as has been done in England. This fact will give
serves her forces while we exhaust ours by winning her victory rise to the theory of political action among th~ syndicalists
for her?
themselves, which they will either adopt or upon which they
Not one American to the trenches until England's 3 ,000,000 will divide.
reserves first have gone; this sho.uld be the battle cry.
Ultimately the power of working class will mobilize poli\ ..;ally
and economically, if not intelligently- then blindly- be- 0cause the greatest efficiency lies in such mobilization. The
HE difficulty of coping with the capitalist, backed by process is rapidly proceeding, as the small property owners
the political power of the state, brought many laboring are constantly losing their property and dropping from their
men to a realization of the fact that there was a fundamental comfortable positions down into the ranks of the struggling,
weakness in their position . This consciousness of their weak- teeming millions.
ness has caused some to adopt t he political theory in addition
There they find an abiding place among the swarms of
to the economic, while others have lost hope and with many workers dependent upon each other. For the first time they
of the former socialists are abandoning both the old economic realize their utter helplessness. Once they thought their suorganization and political views, and are drifting into the perior advantage was due to their superior intelligence, but
belief that individual direct action , sabotage, and syndicalism now they see that it was due to the power stored in the property to which they held title. Having lost their property they now
offer the solution to the labor problem.
Out of the separation of the economic and political organ- perceive that superior intelligence and skill only measure
izations and the failure of organized labor to function politic- the additional wealth or power the possessor must part with
ally has sprung a weakness that begets an abandoned hope, to his employer. How different the view point: N~w their
· that always .leads to open warfare.
hearts sink under the ravages of despair. How futile and
_ Whenever a nation abandons all hope of peaceably solving helpless their sordid egotism· in this hour of need! How
any great and pressing social problem, . then all the elements insignificant they now appear, seeing themselve~ as others
see them! Realizing their weakness they turn to labor for
of· civil war are present.
So, also, whenever any class or any portion of a class help, fully realizing that they will receive far more than is
abandons hope of a peaceful solution of the problems that in their power to give, but also as they give so will they
beset them, they, too, are ready for open war.
receive.
As long as organized labor fails to use its political power
Thus the social passion is born in the heart and brain of
as a class, it will possess little social power and will be unable these new arrivals as they adopt the view point of the worker
to direct the legislatures, and hence the courts, and the military and feel and perceive the suffering that follows in the trail
force.
of the oppressor.
The .weakness arising from this failure is laying the foundaWhat a remarkable altruism that gives more to each than
tion for a new labor movement which is taking the form of each can return and yet · that withholds from him who will
Syndicalism in America.
not give his best! What a natural and wonderful process
These syndicalists stand between the economic and political of welding together a great movement! From all to each
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Editorial
1
�The Western Comrade
Editorial
T
Page £ve
and each to all. Human life first, property second. In their
HE parliament of England · has been informed by the
eyes property possesses virtues opJy in proportion as It minlawyers of the Crown of England that it is unlawful
isters to the welfare of humanity. It becomes a vice when for the subjects of the Crown to confer on terms of .peace
it becomes a burden. To the workers it is now a burden. with the subjects of belli'gerent nations.
Their .lives are being drained to the dregs, into p~operty for
How thoughtful! .
others. Abolish the vice by abolishing the burden. To .conEngland will not _state her terms of peace. No crowned
serve the energy of each to himself is the common necessity. head will state its terms of peace. No capitalist government
To part with his energy for the benefit of others is the common c~n state its term~ of peace before the i~sues ot ·the war are
protest. Common ownership of all the reservoirs into which settled. .
our lives are being drained is the world cry of the workers.
Capitalism survives by conquest. Terms of peace can only
To these reservoirs each shall contribute, from them each be dictated by the capitalist conquerer after the victory:
shall draw, to the end that the energy of each shall be con--oserved to him, and his comfort, well-being and unfoldment
OCIALISTS are proud, others are ashamed, of their conmade safe and secure. What an object for conquest! What
victions in these war times.
elements for a new civilization! What a sea of living, surg~
ing, organizing human power, ever swelling with its billows,
F the 12,000,000 men called to. the colors in Germany,
ever becoming more and more tempestuous, until the tyran9,000,000 are still in uniform. Germany's navv is ' as
nical, heartless ship of state, now triumphantly sailing thereon,
strong as it was in 1914. In· addition, she. h.as her U-boats:
will finally reel, its hulk will break, and it will be swallowed
We cannot conquer Germany by sending ~en to France.
in the social deep, leaving behind it, at least for a while,
The trenches are a bottomless pit into which we may pour
untroubled hearts, bound together by a common interest,
· all the youth of America, and yet the chasm will :yawn for
happy in their peace and good will. Aqd thus will a working
more me n.
class socialist state arise and thrive on the elements produced
It is proposed to conquer Germany by way of the air. The
by capitalism.
call is m.rde for I 0,000 aeroplanes.
- - oLet us not underestimate the power of the . opposing _·force.
HE days of conscription are only beginning. The yo-ung The cost of ten thousand machines is not a drop in the bucket.
men first, the middle aged next. Then, later, the older Germany will meet them with ten thousand more. Untold
men will be conscripted into industrial service. Still la ter, numbers should be made and the number should be kept secret.
property will be conscripted.
If this plan of campaign is adopted it should be backed
One would have thought that after centuries of Christian up with an endless stream of death-dealing machines as used
teaching, huma n li fe would have been considered more sacred by Germany, and which aroused to the highest pitch of moral
than property. But alas! property has been conserved by indignation, England a nd America.
the strong arm of Senate and the lobbying foroe who are
-{}-working in behalf of the money powers and "democracy!"
OMRADE W. A. Robinson objects to my statements that
That dem-ocracy which sacrifices human life to save property
"brute force - is suicidal;" that "force is the · law of
is a strange critter.
death;" and that "love is the law of life."
The Democratizing of Property and the Aristocracy of the
He says: "Force is universal and eternal;" that "force
Mob! Not yet- but soon i
is both constructive and destructive." All of which is true.
--o"Brute force builds our bodies'-' and "brute force tears -them
NE man in America has .an income of $I 0,000,000. He down." The latter half of this assertion is correct. 'Again,
probably is a married man.- The Lord saves such men Comrade Robinson says, "Love, itself, i·s a for(:e." Most
on earth, for the rich shall not enter into the Kingdom of assuredly.
Heaven. And would it not be a crying shame to send them
Love is the force that spells the harmonies of the universe.
to hell, especially by way of the trenches?
It is that stale of attraction and equilibrium during which
- -othe chemical processes proceed constructively and cohesively.
HE card house of profits is tumbling. This is the apex
Love is the antithesis of brute force.
of the capitalist system.
Love is gentle, kindly, upright, truthful, frank, enduring,
This is holy ground upon which governments and popes reasonable, patient, forbearing, · constructive, sympathetic, refear to tread. ·
fined and beautiful.
Peace is . the reverberating echo returning from the conBrute force is ambitious, tyrannical, hateful, unconscionscription of profits.
able, ruthless and destructive.
· What a cry of peace will go up from the lips of plutocracy
These are the meanings as applied to the social terms,
as the law proceeds toward the conscriptio-n of profits!
love and brute force. They are the very antithesis of each
·PEACE TO SAVE MONEY, BUT NO PEACE TO SAVE other. Surely the one is . constructive and the other destructive?
MEN!
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�About Llano
Page six
Cons~ription--What -It
---~NSCRIPTION!
Means to Llano
A new word in the vocabulary of
American democracy! An innovation in our national
life that promises to revolutionize social adjustmen.ts.
_ _ For the first time we are brought face to face With
the actual value of men in industry. How the avera-ge community computes the value of its men and how Llano computes
their value is quite different. This difference is based ou
their relation to the entire group.
The seriousness of conscription does not strike home so
forcibly in the average American community as it does in
Llano. As a rule, the <>.verage community is completely enveloped in the activities of capitalist industry and the
manifold manifestations of the capitalist system of industry
and governme nt that accompany it. Its ideals are the ideals
of the present order. It s b.-and of Americanism is the brand
approved by groups of influential men of approved character. Its interpretation of events is the interpretation placed
upon them by those who are trus.ted to interpret correctly
but who oftimes unfortunately fall short of their task. In
short the averaae American community has more or less
abandoned itsel to an apathetic acceptance of things as
they a re. For such a community to give up sons, fathers,
husbands and sweethearts to the horrors of war is a deprivation, but does not constilute a calamity.
The loss of a conscript in the average community is not
felt poignantly - as a community loss; it is felt most often
as an individual loss. His loss is mourned at best by relatives
or a few close friends. Then again, the inevitable daily life
of the average community is such that in many instan~es
!>ersons receive a· direct pecuniary benefit from the conscnption of others. For instance, in a certain bank the drafting
of one man may mean that a dozen or several employees in
that bank will be advanced to higher positions-and will receive higher salaries. Here is a prolific source of selfishness
and mean disregard for the life of another. An employee
in this bank may have envious eyes on a higher position for
months, even years. His desire fo1 advancement may have
been fanned into a white heat by the knowledge that the
conscription of his superior is imminent. And on the day of
the departure of the conscript for war, he may sha ke hands
with him sympa thetically, exp ress his deepest sorrow at the
other's misfortune, and yet experience a secret ·satisfaction
that the last bar to the goal of financial advancement has been
lelt down.
What a commentary on our civilization! How is it possible
for the doctrines of the Nazar~ne to flower in a society wherr
the fame of individuals is contingent on the misfortunes oi
another?
.
In Llano we have the spectacle of several hundred people
held together not by blood ties, but •by the inseverable bonds
of co-operative endeavor. Here! each inhabitant receives the
same remuneraJtion, the same advantages, the privileges and
benefits. Here all are straining every effort to contribute
to the progress of the Colony. Here an injury to one is an
injury to aiL
The members of the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
are members of a big !family. It could not be otherwise.
Every phase of Llano community life radiates from the common interest of all lthe people. What affects one must of
ne'cessity affect them all. No individual can possibly benefit
from the conscription of another. T he loss of a comrade,
on the contrary, is a direct and quickly-felt loss to him. No
C
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The Western Comrade
By
Myrtl~ Manana
matter what position one may occupy, no matter what opportunities are created for pe;rsonal aggrandizement by the conscri-p tion of a fellow-worker, ' no financial benefit can ac-c rue
to one. - The destiny· of the Colonists is a common destiny.
Failure or success in the enterprise is the common concern.
No matter how I high in the management of the ranch or in
any other position of responsibility an individual may get as
a result of the total loss of a superior, his advancement cannor-b-e-other 'than one with hollow and empty meaning.
Llano is yet a pioneer enterprise. It is but three years
old. Although its growth is phenomenal for the short :time
in which it has had to de:velop, still its small army of producers has been built up with much care and difficulty, and
with a great expenditure of time and money. Experiments
with refereJJce to · the 'management of the affairs of the ranch
have gone on since the very inception of the Colony, and at
the present time many of the men--young and old~who
hold positions of trust and great importance, are absolutely
indispensable to the welfare of the ·enterprise. There are
men in charge of various industries of the ranch, who alone
understand that particular work, and who could not be replaced by other Colonists without considerable apprenticeship.
The loss of these men would entail a serious handicap.
Recently, word was received from the United States Government that ten young men, between the ages of 21 and 31,
had been selected from Llano to appear before the military
authorities subject to physical \examination , and, later, if not
exempted from military service, to be sent to the battlefields
of Europe.
This new; came as a )startling blow to every member of
the Colony. Although all had realized that Llano could not
be so fortunate as to be entirely exempt from the visit of
conscription, still httle thought was given to the matter. When
apprehension became an actuallity, gloom spread like a pall.
All of the ten young men who were selected to assist the
Allies in making the world safe for democracy are assets to
the Colony-are young men whose absence, even for a short
time, would seriously impair industrial operations. Their comple~e loss would, of course, be• even a greater injury.
It seems un fai r that- ~he community of Llano has never
been consulted about the matter; has neiVer been asked
whether she wishes to sacrifice her sons to a cause which
has not the remotest connection with her prosperity or success. It seems unjust that these young men themselves have
no voice as to what purpose their lives shall be dedicated.
But it is useless to protest; it is a waste of breath to denounce;
it is suicide to revolt or disobey. The huge ' war machine
which now dominates our country controls everything and
everybody. We can only deplore the disrespect for the
sacredness ·of humaU--eonscic:J]ce that permeates the patriotism of our time.
One of the young men who has been drafted i5 a mechanic of exceptional ability. He is an inventive genius. He
has inve·n't ed several devices that, when patented and sold,
promise to bring great retums. His originality and adeptness
in anything he undertakes has been of incalculable value
to the Colony. Although, but a very young man, he recently
took charge of one of the most important departments on the
ranch , and although confronted with meagre equipment and
lack of orde;T, has in a short time, brought it to a high sta-te
of efficiency. At present he is evolvin-g a brilliant plan for the
keeping of time for the entire ranch. This scheme, if com-
�The Western Comrade
About
pl&ed, will emable one to see .'on a board in graphic arrangement precisely the number of ' workers on the ranch, the departments in which the ;various workers are employed, the
number working in each department, those absent, and so
forth.
Another of (these young men is in charge of the water
development of the Colciny.._at this moment, perhaps, the
most important task with which the Colonists are confronted.
He is a miner of practical experience, and has been able to
keep an able crew busy at the tunnel and at the sumps in a
constant endeavor to increase the flow of water .. for irrigation
purposes.
Fred Allen making a batch of Laundry Soap in the Llano Soap Works.
Another is in charge of the accounting for the Colony.
This is another extremely important department, and one
which requires adaptability and experience, which this young
man possesses in abundance. As the ranch grows oiaer, the
work of accounting grows apace, and it is highly nelessary
to have a ma n in charge of such work who has been familiar
with the Colony throughout the previous years of its development.
One is in charge of the indispensable work of civil engineering. The surveying of the lands, \the laying out of
the ditches, the laying out of building locations; this is a work
that must be in competent hands. Llano will need this young
Llano
Page seven
man to help i'n building the new city when the time comes
to start it.
An.o ther has develoj,ep a minor industry to a state of
efficiency and self-support. Beginning with practically no
equipment, .he is now in •position to furnish Llano homes with
a useful household .article · on !a large scale and obtaining
additional funds for the Colony by selling his product to
the outside world. He is also popular for his interest and
valuable service in stimulating various forms of recreation
and social amusements.
The remainder' of these) young conscripts are extremely
useful workers and citizens and would be a credit to any
communiity anywhere. They are greatly
needed in the
departments in which they are working and will some day
be equipped with the knowledge and experience to manage
different undertakings.
Llano cannot spare one of these young men. They are
worth, if their worth can be compuled in money, thousands
of dollars. It is on the;m and such as they that the success
of this inspiring co-operative enterprise depends. They are
enthusia!ltic pioneers in a work Jwhere there are few enough
who have the vision and ·nobility of character to take it up.
Perhaps every community believes that it has young men
who are (as valuable as ours, but it is hard to convince us of
Llano that ten young men chosen at random elsewhere would
measure anywh&e near those selected here. '
However, we will not argue the point 1about the relative
worth. and character of the young men of Llano and those
of any other community. But a situation obtains in Llano
that is far different than that obtaining in any other community.
There is no doubt but what all of the young men of Llano
are opposed to the entrance of the iUnited States into the
European War. Their opposition to war did not originate
in a fear •to enlist in the present one. It originated in the
philosophy which they embrace which is opposed to war on
principle. They agitated against war and militarism and the
causes tha t make for conflict long before the European War
started. T hey contributed their hard-earned funds toward
making successful the war on -war. They a re all brave and
have the courage of their convictions. They are neither
pro-T euton nor pro-Ally; they are pro-Humanity and proCo-operation.
'
Yet Llano is on the vergeJ of losing these young men. They
may be ta ken from her, never to return. A few may· return,
maimed and incapacitated, unf1t for productive labor, a curse
to themse~ ves and objects of pity.
At this hour more 1than at any other, is Llano impressed
with ·the value of men . Never before have her human assets
been appraised as they are being appraised now. Never
before has it been brought home .with such force that Llano's
wealth lies not in her material things, not in her orchards,
livestock, houses, and farming implements, but in her men
and women.
As before sta ted, in the face of the power of the government, we of Llano are helpless. We can only hope that the
inhumanity of sending meri to the fronrt: who conscientiously
object to war will become apparent to the people of the
nation, and will result in a popular demand for 1the repeal of
the draft law. We can only trust that the supreme injustice
of sending to war those whose conviotions against war are as
strong as those of the exempted Quakers, will show the error
of conscription. Their consciences are their armor. Violence
fails in the, face of the super-violence of war. But the quiet
conviction of an honest conscience may save them.
�Page eiaht
Alroat Llaao
The Weatern Comrade
What -Are A 's sets?
S a range where thousands of head of cattle can be produce well are valued at $500 to $1000 an acre, sometimes .
more. A nearby orchard is reported to have returned.$1000
pastured most of the year an asset? ·
If so, then Llano has an asset worth whatever sum an acre this season. Perhaps this is figuring too much. But
- - the cattle which can be marketed each year- pay in- at any ·r.ate, · the returns are high. Suppose they are only
terest on. The range lying · in the floor of the Antelope Va]Jey half of this amount. Suppose the investment is paying 10
has thousands of acres of grass, rich, nutritious grass. It per cent. Then· the value of the land is $5000 an acre.
is estimated by conservative men that not less than 3000 cattle However, cutting this down again, it . can be . seen that with .
can be kept there... It is a matter of water for the cattle. and · a11 due respect to conservatism, the value of pear lands are
development of this resource, largely. · The price of beef extraordinarily high. Put your own valuation on them. Put
io probably never going to be very low again; the range it as low as you want, making every allowance you can think
of. Then take the minimum of 5000 acres which can be
should return good results year after year.
set to pears, which is again the lowest estimate. The value
Is a mountain side covered with ti'm ber an asset?
If so, then the lumber possibilities here are worth many is quite impressive, isn't it.·
Is a town an asset?
thousands of dollars. The lumber road built into the mounThe collective method of conducting industry and farming
tains can be used to bring hundreds of thousands of feet
of lumbQr into the Colony to be used for building purposes. operations naturally makes a common housing center, a town.
The road is built, the mill installed, the logs cut, the men on - necessary. Instead of scattered homes the tendency is naturthe job. Lumber was never higher in price. It should be ally toward centralization. No matter what sort of town it
possible to sell lumber to neighbors at prices attractive to them may be, whether it be laid ·ou.l along ·old fashioned conservative lines, or whether the more hi.ghly organized circular
plan is used, a town is usually considered an asset. It represents labor. It has value. The houses have cost money.
The public buildings are worth money. The stteets, sewer
and water systems, lighting-all have a recognized value.
Contiguous land is enhanced in worth.
The city of Llano, whenever built, however built, or whereever built, must be an asset. It is an asset on which cash
can be raised. It can be bonded if necessary. And if it can
be bonded, then it muiit have a value in the eyes of business
men.
Figure out the prospective value of the Llano Colony to
suit yourself. Add its ranges with its cattle industry, the
timber \Vith ~he lumber industry, the land with the pear indus-try. Then put in the value of the city of Llano. Use
the most conservative figures. Those given here are very
conservative. But cut them down again if you like.
You will be irr'!pressed with the value that can be given the
Llano Colony. This value can be given by labor and capital,
labor owning the capital. This is not a boost article. It canView fror.1 Machine Shop looking toward Llano Hotel. Llano del Rio
Company offices in foreground.
not be, because ·· the figures are mostly your own and the
results what you yourself make of them. It is just an outline
and thus bring in cash income, besides having all we need of what can be achieved, with the suggestion implied .- that
for our own purposes.
these results will be secured, and the further suggestion that
.Is la~d that can grow fruit trees which should produce · time is an essential element and that quick results are not ·
from $250 to $1000 an acre an asset?
to be thought of.
A · neighboring district, similarly situated and not more than
No mention has been made of industries, of other farm and
10 miles away, specidlizes 'in pears. Virtually nothing else dairy products, of the many other avenues of profit. Use
is produced. The residen1s are specialists in Barlett Pear them or not. just as you like. But think of the Llano Colony
production. They know market conditions. A kindly climate as a place of great resource, at present almost wholly unhas made it possible to g~ow pears along the north slope of touched.
the Sierra Madres that are of unsurpassed quality.
Think of its assets of men and women who have the dePears are not difficult to grow •to perfection in this partic- termination to succeed. Think of them applying their labor
ular region. The high prices are due to thei'r keeping pro- power to develop the resources outlined above. But don't
perties. They are perhaps not to be surpassed for commercial expect them to achieve the impossible and t~ accomplish
purposes anywhere in the United States. Land owned by remarkable results at once. Llano has a magnificent future .
. the Llano Colony can grow s!.!ch pears. The trees do not It has a setting that is marvelous. It is a project that is
require a great quantity of water when cultivation goes hand economically correct. That it will m~et hardships is to be
in hand with irrigation.
expected. But that it will succeed in realizing its high ideals
It is quite probable that many thousands of acres of land is inevitable. Llano is a spot of destiny.
could be put into pears. The lowest estimate ·made by a most
* * *
conservative person is 5000 acres. Many make their estimate
"Of all the agenci~s which are at work · to elevate those who labor
much larger. But letting it stand at that, the pear industry with their hands. there is none so promising as the present Co-operative
o.ffers good prospects. Pear orchards which have begun to movement."-John Stuart Mill.
I
�Page nine
The Western Co mra de
Dawn. of Humanism
By D. B o bs p a
Humanism's
Dawn first lights the skies,
Glad sight to prophet-visioned seers.
With Fire and Sword
-With fire and sword the men of old
Laid waste the world;- for fame, for gold,
For pride of power or lust of land,
The diamond clay, the golden sand,
The proud Hag in new fields unrolled.
Civilization's curse
End:; tomorrow.
Today another hope we hold,
The World Flag struggles to u.nfold.
Ten thousand years of civilization; ·
Ten times ten thou5and years of human struggle,
And still a race of slaves!
Beneath it; nations hand in
h~nd
Shall lose the hate tha~ once was fanned
With fire and sword.
Came speech
In that far primeval dawn, the birth of Democracy on earth
Giving the hairy tree-dwellers a common knowledge.
That people, proud and overbold,
Which outgro~ horror has unrolled
Upon our world to-day, must stand
King Privilege
Throttled the infant Democracy, and began his re1gn
with Prometheus' gift of fire.
Worse punished by the murderer's -brand,
Than all their outrage uncontrolled,
With fire and sword.
Bow and arrow, pottery, the taming of animals, smelting of
IrOn-
-Charlotte Perkins Gilman.
All cJaimed by Privilege But strengthened the rule of the few over the masses.
Came written language
To further bolster special privilege,
And the voice of dead maste rs
Struck terror to hearts of living slaves.
Through all the ages ran
The red thread of Revolution
And the dream of Democracy,
Whose voice King Privilege could not stifle completely.
Two Ways To Govern
By the process of commanding
Many people act as one.
Some ruling will
May hold them still
Or lift them to the sun.
If he be wise and great,
He makes a better stale,
Came Commercialism and Trade,
Richest fruitage of Civilization,
Culmination of a thousand milleniums of oppression,
bearing its inevitable wars and strivings for stolen privileges.
Comes Humanism,
When the new world
Shall forget '
The ten-thousand-year nightmare of Civilization. -
But if he faii. of no avail
Is all that he has done .
By the power of understanding
Many :people act as one;
Their common will
May hold them still
Or lift them toward the sun .
As they grow wise and great,
Dark grows the night of Civilization's crazy day
And darker still shall be this night of horror
Ere breaks the dawn
(Now visioned by the prophet-few)
That shall usher in the glad, bright day of
Humanism.
They make a better state;
Solid and sure, it shall endure
Where all that work have done.
-Charlotte Perkins Gilman.
�Page tea
Fi c
The wreck .
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The Western Comrade
t i o a
By Ethel Winger
BRIGHT-EYED. bright-cheeked. bright-haired girl key Minnie had given her for the occasion, she opened the
l~aded with unwieldly bundles: stepped from a
door and entered. The small room was dark, crowded, but
dingy grocery store onto the Icy pavement, and neatly clean. There were carefully cut magazine poster cov- - - carefully guided her -way through 'the crowd toward ers on the . walls •of which the only other ornaments were
the city's nearby tenement districts. Her face was smilingly . faded chintz curtains that hid in irregular bulges the family
happy, and an anticipating light gleamed in her eyes. . In wardrobes. A cloth covered box of drawers holding a few ·
living over again the unique manner of making friends with dilapidated combs, brushes and toilet articles, with a dingy
the newsboy who sold·her the evening paper, and subsequently niirror above, an uneven bed, a small stand and some rickety
with his dear sister who operated a .machine that rolled the chairs completed the furniture. After removing her wraps,
bandage she used in the hospital, she gave no heed to the Nan took the groceries to the kitchen and began rapid prethrong of weary laborers and the wearier men who were parations. She wanted to haYe everything . ready by the
giving up the day's search tor employment. She was only time Minnie came back from the factory and Scrag returned
conscious of happiness because she had been able to work for supper.
· She started the coffee boiling while she opened warm packherself into their hearts to the point where she could, without
offense, get up a little birthday dinner as a surprise for Scrag ages from the delicatessen shop, and placed celery, bread and
when he came home for supper. She was glad because it butter on the table, covering the · holes in the white oil-cloth
meant a touch of humanity- because through them she had \vith the dishes.
Her absorption was interrupted by the entrance of Scrag's
gotten her first inkling of economic conditions, and, in her
growing interest, had discarded the fashionable "slumming" fath.er, who, shuffling wearily· out into ·the kitchen, stopped
of society days for the real life among the peoples of the ten- suddenly when he saw her.
ements. Her fi rst step, taking training in one of the charity
"Good evening, Mr.- Williams," Nan began quickly, noting
hospitals, had also opened a wonderful new outlook on life, his expression of surprise. "Minnie said I might come in and
giving a grateful sense of usefulness in the world's activity.
· get up a little surprise supper for Scrag this evening-for his
She had been surprised at first to fin·d that the people she birthday, you know," she added, as his manner had not
met in her new work was more interesting than her highly- changed.
educated, polished friends of unquestionable social standing;
Williams' jaw dropped. It had been a long ' time since
they had lived more closely to life, gaining knowledge in sor- he had seen a happy girl preparing a wholesome rneal, or
row and suffering without losing by cultivation a certain speaking enthusiastically of surprises. ''lEr-1 guess it is the
human touch. She had been taught to scorn the city's tenth of January! I had forgotten--one day seems like an" scum" as her mother called it, but the :-----::--------------,other." His voice ended huskily.
moment she met Scrag's sister Minnie
"Sit down and have some coffee while
who looked steadily and clearly from
we wait," suggested Nan. Eagerly he
quiet gray eyes that somehow made one
took the steaming cup she offered him,
forget the cheap dress, the anemic form
and gulped down the contents. He
and the pinched face, she had realized ·
watched her closely as she peeled an
that pride can be greater than poverty;
orange, and talked commonplaces. But
and finally, when she had penetratNan's sympathetic attitude always inspired the girl's reserve, she was prouder
ed confidence, and he was soon telling
of her frien.dshlp than of all her successes
her .of his long search for work since
of her last year's debutante season. And
the strike. He had always managed to
this evening it was not ch.. rity in any
find a few odd ·jobs until lately. Since
disguise but solely Nan's own inclination
the riot, when Mrs. Williams had been
that had prompted her to plan a birthday
killed by a "strike-buster's" bullet, the
supper. complete to cake and candles,
family had owed its support to the scant
that would be the most wonderful feast
earnings of Minnie, and the nickels Scrag
rag had ever known, outshining the
made with his papers. The doctor bill
Newsboy's Chistmas dinner.
and the funeral expenses were yet to be
Obtaining a few hours' leave of abpaid.
sence from her hospital duties, she had
As she sliced the last orange, Nan felt
made an excursion to some nearby marka terrible nausea growing in her. Here
ets, carrying away all she could. Celery
was John Williams-like many other
lea es protudlng from a long bundle,
John Williams' in that city--strong
hags stuffed suggestively, proclaimed the
healthy, kind, goodnatured, with all his
nature of her errands. Not even the
spirit and initiative long since starved
heavy, careworn faces of the laborers
out. unable to find even enough work
could repress her enthusiasm.
to support himself; living in the poor
Reaching her destination, she carried
wages of a frail daughter and a twelve
year old san. She thought of a "civiliz:..
the bundles up two flights of stairs, pausing a moment at the third. Then she felt
Onna Johnston. one of the Entertainers
ation" that produced such wrecks. What
11.t Uano. She i,s a.tti.recl in shredded
•
her way through several turnings of the
~uano Colonists.would eventually happen to Minme?
corridor. and stopping to fumble for the
Would she marry Jim Sullivan. and re-
�.
The Western Comrade
,.
F i ctioa
{)tat her mother's experience as a sickly, ill-nourished 'wife surgeon wa~ gOing to wait aday. in the hope that it might not '
of a day laboref? Jim was employed in a garage--:..he might be absolutely necessary.
·
work up lo a higher place. And Scrag? What would happen
Several 'times the folloWin.g day she stole into Scrag's room.
to Scrag?. Scrag whose cheerful optimism and sparkling His head was turned from the door, and she did. not disturb
personality twdve years of overwork had not yet been able him . . In the evening, when her work was finished, she tiptoed
to crush; Would he grow into the .dull, spiritless · man his . into the spotless blue room. - Scrag opened his eyes as she
father was ? She called \IP a picture of Scrag, with his ran her f~ngets !through the thic'k, cr\sp hair. "Scrag! don't
irregular face, sad but for the twinkllng blue eyes that were you know me?" A smile crossed his face.
shado\ved by shocks of stiff red scraggly hair that had given
"Miss Nan-- ·" was all he could murmur, and his eyes
him his mime. She· saw him running in and out the throng, closed again.
.
calling in a penetrating nasal tone-"Evening Gazette; TiiDes, . Sh~. was aroused from her reverie by a nurse, who· came
Chronicle,- all about the big murder---." Suddenly she to call her to the office. There she found the specialist, calm,
looked covertly at the father, sitting dejectedly in his chair, scientific, persuasive; Minnie, crying in a chair ,behind which
his face in his hands, his elbows on his knees. Her throat awkwardly stood Jim Sullivan; and Scrag's father, shifting
choked, and her eyes grew hot. She felt stifled-felt that uneasily in his seat.
sh'e must get some air. Quickly she arose.
The surgeon acknowledged her entrance. "Mr. Williams
"Oh, there's soifiething I forgot-I must run back and get it. 'wishes to see you," he said.
l think I'll be here ·before Minnie or Scrag return." She
"Miss Nan, the doctor says they'll h.ave to cut off his legs
hastily donned her ·wraps, and ran through the front door,
or
he'll die. Will they, now?" he asked piteously, searching
bumping into Minnie who was standing outside. "It ain't ·
her face for hope.
·
·
no use" ~he heard her say, "it's Jim I like best." In the semiTouched by the confidence in his appeal·, Nan could only
darkness Nan could only discern a man's figure.
"Oh , hello; Minnie,"· she said, pretending not to have heard, answer : " Dr. Newton knows best; he would not say so unless
"! was just going back for Scrag's book tJ>,t I forgot to bring. it were necessary, Mr. Williams."
"But I can't have him a cripple-a cripple" said the father,
I'll be back before he comes, I think." .%e ran hurriediy
scarcely aloud.
:·
down the steps- anywhere to get away frrrn that atmosphere! .
"But don't you see" began the specialist gently, "that it is
Gaining control of herself in the colo, b!acing air, she walk- a question of amputation or death? We want to save him if
ed rapidly till she came to the corner where Scrag was often we can."
to be found. Before she saw the familiar ragged brown coat,
"I know" said Williams, choking, "So do I. But that'~ whyshe heard his voice coming: "Evenin' Times, Gazette- all why I can't- have it qone. Scrag- a cripple I" .
about the big wreck- -"! She waited a moment on the
"Mr. Williams, your son's injuries are such that he will die
corner. Then she caught sight of him as he crossed the street. u~less we amputate tonight. There is no possibility of saving
She again marveled at the agility of small boys in general, h1s legs; surely you are not so heartless that you do not want
and of Scrag in particular, in passing through crowds and your son to live- - "
tra ffic. He saw 'her from the distance and waved. He
"Stop! for God's sake!" cried the tortured man. "Damn
dodged a street-car and gauged the speed of an approaching you, don't you think I have any feelings? What ·is Scragg's
motor accurately. But just as he darted past the huge fender, life now? What would it be if he lost both legs? He can't
the big car skidded on the slippery pavement. Nan caught a make a livin' now, and if you make a cripple of him- -"
glimpse of falling brown corduroy, and flying papers. Her
"But if he dies"- began Newton.
heart stopped, her knees weakened, but she managed to push
Williams fumbled at the door knob, "Let him die!" cried
through the group that was speedily collecting, and reached the old man. "If he dies, he dies once. If he lives, he dies
the inner circle. A chauffeur was lifting a limp brown bundle a thousand---'-~ his voice failed him, and he shut the door·
that was becoming red in spots. She clutched the man'-s a rm: he Wi1S gone.
· ·
'
"Take him .to the Hall Street Hospital-I know him-" she said.
· A tense silence held them. All were staring fixedly at the
Then she saw that the man was Jim Sullivan.
door where Williams had disappeared. Suddenly a sob 'filled
"My God! It's Scrag !" he cried.
the room. Nan 'remembered _Minnie. "Come to my room,·
Nan pushed him to\vard the tonnea u: " ·, LJ take care of dear.~' and she drew her away, .as the interne followed Mr.
·
him: I'll drive" and jumping into the cha1· !t.ur's seat, she Williams.
grasped the wheel.
·
When Nan returned, she found that the father had been
With every muscle she strained, seemingly tryiqg to push persu2ded to allow the operation, which would take place that
the car forward.
ever had a motor seemed to creep so evening. She was' present, for Scrag asked for Nan to nurse
him, and the authorities had consented.
~lowly. Never had the streets been so crowded.
At last they reached the hospital. The resident specialist
The days following were the hardest she had ever known.
was summoned at once, and she waited breathlessly in her The emaciated face, the pathetic, pleading eyes of the once
wrnp while the surgeon, assisted by a clean, capable looking merry boy haunted her. He became much weaker, and she
interne, made a preliminary examination.
knew his ill-nourished system could not stand the test. One
"A ·serious case. Both legs lacerated and crushed above evening she sent for the surgeon. "I think we had better
the knees. Amputation will be necessary. Have his parents call his family" she suggested, tremblingly.
been told?"
After a while Jim Sullivan, Minnie and her father had come.
"I will ~end for hi~ father; will you.please call a messenger Scrag had grown delirious. .Minnie k11elt at one side of the
while I write a note?" As she went out, th!,! young interne's bed.
.
Dr. Newton felt the boy's pulse. "He's dying," he !aid.
eyes followed her, but she did not notice.
Minnie took her brother's hand. . "Scrag-Scrag-., she
The emergency nurse was given the care of Scrag, and
Nan could not s.ee him again that day. She learned later that whispered.
Williams had refused to permit the amputation, and that the
(Continued on Paae fourteen)
�The Western Comrade
Page. twelve
Y/as Schmidt Guilty?
[This is the fifth installm•nt of Comrade Harriman's address in the
trial of the Los Angeles dynamiting cases.] .
,- --. R. SCHMIDT told you tha;t he met a man by the name
of j. B. Brice at Mrs, La.vin's. That he thought that
M
Mr. Keyes-"We did not know." ·
Mr. _Harri'?an-"Wa~ he not seen by your men last spring
?-long .!n Apnl? Deny tt on oath and I will prove you a perJUrer.
·
. Mr. Keye~"Oh; yes, I . do ·not know, bitt he was seen."
was his real · name. That he did not know until
Mr. Harriman-"He was seen!· They did not kno~! Do
months later that j. B. Brice was j. B. McNamara. ·
you remember that Mr. Keyes told you that when a man is
That he, Schmidt, was then under his own name. This fact fqun~ t~;>_ be fals~ in one thing that you should ·question his
is supported by all the witnesses of the state. That he had veractty m all ithings? Look at him! This is the man who
used his own name eyer since he arrived in ·the state ·in 1909. professes to be prosecuting, not because he enjoys it but
That he was under his own name in Corta Madera where he because of his "divine duty."
'
worked for 'seven months receiving live dollars a day for his
Mrs.
Ingersoll
as
Burns
detectiv~. told them 'o f the Doctor.
serviccs. _ _That he then went to San Francisco where he remained for a short time, after which he came to Los Angeles. He was a friend of hers. She knew how he could be induced
That at all ·times while he was in Los Angeles he was known r~. shape his story. He was seen. His story was known. Ah,
by the name of Schmidt and by no othe:r name. The State )115 story was part prepared. for h.im. The District Attorney
produced only one witness to contradict this statement, who for~ot his divine duty when he endeavored to lead you to
said she met him in Venice under the name of Perry. She belteve h~ d1d not know. He /would deceive you to induce
was contradicted by three witnesses besides Schmidt him- you to gtv.e mo~e weight !than you otherwise would give to
self, who swears that he was never known by and never the Doc~or s testimony. Now what are th.e facts? J. B. Brice
came ·wtth Mrs. Ingersoll and · Dr. Ashworth to the house of
used or traveled under the ·name of Perry.
!\'ir?. Lavin when Brice met this :defendant. for the first time.
Schmidt then returned to San F r<l ncisc:o and took up his fh1s was the testimony of Mr. Schmidt. We threw the doors
abode again at Mrs. Lavins. It was there that Schmidt met . wide _open. We remoyed every obstacle, and gave to the proJ. B. Brice. He told you under what circumstances they met. ~~cutton an. o~portumty to ask the defe,ndant any · question,
He took the stand like a man; he answer~d every question dtrectly or mduectly bearing upon this case. We said, now
frankly and without equivocation , We threw the doors wide ~r. Prosecutor here is your chance, see if he can explain
open. We asked him generai questions. We made it possible his wh~reabouts, mak~ rum c~ntradidt himself if you can,
for the prosecuting attorney to ask him every conceivable show h1m up, tangle h1m, try 1f you dare to question .an inquestion that might, directly or indirectly, throw light upon nocent man. With all their boasted [thirteen years of exthe issue at bar. But you men sat in amazement as you perie~ce, and wi.th their imported genious from · Indiana, couplwatched the maneuverings of the clever attorneys, while they ed wtth the sk1ll and• accumen of Woolwine himself, they
we're deciding that not one question should be propounded s_at dumb as a mule, and silent as the tomb, in fear and trembto this defendant. They did not •dare ask him a question. ling. "No. questions," was 'their response.
They knew tha;t every question that they could ask would only
Let ~s ·now. turn our atteJttion to the description given by
further illuminate the innocence of the defendant. When they
said "No •questions" every one of you was sorely disappointed. the va_nous wttnesses of the man who bought the dynamite
an~ h1s ~esemblance to this defendant. Summing them up,
I say he met J. B. Brice in San Fran cisco~ He did not
the1r v~.nous.. statements wer~ about ~s fo~lows. i"They reknow who he was. He thought he wa.s j. B. Brice. There
~.emble, ~r He resembl~.s h1!!' ?!-it h1s ha1r wa~ sandy," or
is a conflict of testimony a·s to how these men met. The
He was ltght complected or H1s face was red,' 'or "He was
District Attorney told you ! that they did not know to what shorter," or "He was fleshier," or "His shoulders were broadthe witness Doctor Ashworth would testify when he took the er," or. "His cheekbone was crushed," or "His eye was all
stand. They are accustomed, as are air attorneys, to calling right," .or "He resembles him," yes, he resembles him, so also
witnesses without first knowing \what they will say. Mr. does w1tness Bryson resemble the man. Indeed he resembles
Keys, with his boasted thirteen years experience as a pro- ~he description in ·height, resembles it in weight, resembles
secutor especially, is in the habit of calling witnesses to testm breadth of shoulders, resembles .in redness of face, and in
ify on· matters of importance without knowing what they will tthe drooping eye. Had 'he been arrested it would have . resay. You will remember how often he has . so blundered in
quire~ a far more careful and energetic defense on his part
this case. Do you remember whein Mr. Keys requested the than 1t has on the part of this defendant.
cour.t to take a ·recess in order that they might talk to one
. Even though he answers the description given by the various
of their witnesses who had just arrived; saying they had not
Witnesses far better than does this defendant yet we do not
had an opportunity to confer with him? And do you reeven suggest ·that he is the guilty party. · His cheekbone was
memb_er that' the cour•t granted the request? Yet they brought
not crushed in and his hair was not sandy.
the Witness Ashworth down from San Francisco, according to
Le~. us. revert to ~hese descriptions more in detail. Upon
Mr. Keys, and put him on the stand, and examined him,
exa~matton you w1ll be forced to the conclusion, by the
without first confering with him. Mr. Keys told you that
testimony of McCall himself, that this defendant was never
they did not know what Dr. Ashworth's testimony would be
in the office of the Giant Powder Works in San Francisco or
~hen he took the stand. I regret to say that that I statement
elsewhere.
·
:
1s not true. ·
It was McCall who said positively that this "defendant is
Mr. Woolwine-"] was lined for saying that to you."
t?e man" who bou~ht the dynamite. It has been five years
Mr. Harriman-"No, you were lined for cailing me a liar. smce McCall sa~ h1m. He has . talked to the prosecuting atI know how ~u say it without . being lined. I- told you ·th~ · torneys and their representatives many times since he saw
the guilty Party live years ago. Doubtless he has been detruth."
�The Western Comrade
t'age thirteea
.•
scribed many ttimes by the officers of the State in these conversations and shown 'to him more than once since his arrest. But
a mere statement that "this is the man" should be set aside,
when statements made on oath before the Grand Jury five
years ago, if they be true, make the present statement fals~
and impossible.
.
.
What were the statements? Remember they were rnade
five years ago, while the incident was fresh in his mind, while
the picture was still vivid and before it had been blurred by
a procession of men involved in similar transactions and before he had been talked to by the emissaries of the District
Attorney's office whose conversations were fraught with suggestions and assurances so misleading, cunning and clever
in their design. What was the testimony before the Grand
Jury to which we refer? Here it is.
Question-"What impressed you most?"
Answer-"As I remember the man, he had something the
matier with his left eye. I thought that the bone was broken,
but I could not see any scar; not that I was suspicious, but
I just wondered to myself what kind of a smash he could
have gotten without getting a scar, BUf THE EYE ITSELF
SEEMED ALL RIGHT."
Why did .you not have McCall tell that while he was on
the stand? Was it your divine duty that caused you to conceal it?
The fact is, the bone is all right but the eye is not all right.
It is out and sunken.
Li~ ten! "I wondered how he could have got such a smash,
and broken the bone. But the~ eye was all right."
Shall this fact be set aside and forgotten?
The man with an eye that was all right and a broken cheek
bone, was not this d~endant.
In the face of this stubborn fact can you believe the mere
statement of McCall that "this is the man"?
Mr. Gilmore was also one of the clerks at the office in San
Fran cisco where the powder was purchased. He ·saw the
same man whom Mr. McCall saw and described. Mr. Keyes·
the divinely inspired prosecutor questioned him while on the
stand. Yet •this "fair" attorney did not ask this witness if
he could identify his defendant. The defendant was compelled to put him on the stand. What did he say? Listen, and
let his testimony sink "deep into your hearts and minds, for the
statement he. makes confirming the statement of McCall before the Grand Jury should be the determining fact in lhis
case. These sta•tements alone show absolutely and beyond
the question of a doubt that this defendant is not the man
that purchased the powder.
Listen. The fair Mr. Keyes refused to let us cross-examine
this witness. He denied us the privilege of asking this witness
if the defendant was the man who purchased the powder.
He objected on the ' technical point that it was not cross-examinatiOn. He did not want the man to state the tru'th. He
knew what the truth was and that this man would state it. This
fair prosecutor whose duty is as profound toward this defendant as toward the state, would rather hang a man on a
technicality and gain for himself a reputation, than ~o let
him go free upon the truth.
Upon the objection of Mr. Keyes the witness was excused,
and as he walked down the court room toward the exit
Mr. Kenzie asked the court "is it possible that we will be compelltid to hold this man here two weeks merely for the purpose of asking him one question?" "No," said the court,
"bring him back."
He was then asked if the defendant was · the man he saw ·
in the office with Mr. McCall. . He said, "I saw a man that
resembled him. That man at the 'time met with some kind of
an · accident like he had been· hit with some instrument .that
fractured the bone, not the eye." Two men saw the same
man flve years ago. they 'described the same defect in the
same way, a crumed cheek bone but an eye that was all right.
The man to whom that eye and that cheek bone belonged wu
~ot M. A. ~~hmidt, this defendant. There can be no question of that,
Question____:."He resembled the defendant very much!" .
Answer-"! do not say 'very much'; he resembled him."
This witness would not even \say that the man resembled
this defendant very much.
This defendant's eye is out and sunken, and his cheek
bone is 'as sound as a dollar and is as free from blemi.sh as
is his heart from guilt. Come, Mr. Schmidt, stand before .
them. Let them see for themselves.
·
Now let 'us turn our attention to the Argonaut Hotel concerning which there has been so much said.
Who is Mr. Hill? He is the man who had talked to the
man ] . B. Brice. This man Brice occupied a room in the
Hotel. Mr. Hill was the Hotel clerk. He had talked to Brice.
He knew him. He had changed him -from a single room to
a double room so that two men could occupy it together.
They registered at the sam:e time. But the defendant was not
the man. Hill never saw the defendant before. He is an
experienced Hotel man. His attention had been called especially to Perry. He remembered the conversation. ~ He remembered the details about changing the room.
But
Schmidt's face was a strange one to him. Yet he was trained
and had an u'nusually accurate · memory for faces. Surely
Schmidt is ot the man.
Now comes a man by the name of Cook. He is a bookkeeper. He had kept the accounts of the Iron Workers at
Indianapolis for years. He knew I the hand-writing of J. ].
McNamara and Hockin as well as he knew his own. He saw
their letters and signatures every day for years. He identified their signatures in the registers of various Hotels throughout the country. In 'rio case had his identification been questioned either by the state or by the government. The Argonaut Hotel register was placed before him and he swore
that •J. J . McNamara wrote the name J. B. Brice and that
Hockin wrote the name Perry on the register.
If his testimony is correct then it prove.s that Schmidt was
not there. If lit ~as not · correct it proves that experts on
hand-writing cannot be relied upon.
.
It reminds me of the expert who testified in a Pennsylvania
case, tha t a certain 'document was written by a certain person
with a forward movement of the · right arm\ when as a matter
cf fact, it was written with a p~n he"Id with the toes of a man
·
who -had no arms.
How easy this question could have been settled once for
all. The prosecuting attorney could have been demanded
tha:t Schmidt write the name of F. A. Perry. But they did not
dare. They knew that he did not write it. We made it possible for them to question him concerning every detail connected with their theory about the Hotel, but they were silent.
They preferred to rest their case upon the testimony of so
called experts, than to unfold the truth wrth this defendant.
The general manager of the hotel who was practically
always in the lobby never saw the defenda!Jit there. Only
a bell boy claims to have seen him on. the day of his departure. What evidence on which to convict a man! It is
too preposterous for serious consideration.
("Was Schmidt Guilty?" began in the M~y number and will run
for several months. Back numbers, ten cents a copy.)
�Paae fourtem
Co-operatiea
The Western Coa'T.....Ie.,--
•
Co-operation· In Russia
ID
~units
state. Differing widely from Socialism, co-operation, at the
(From "The Russian Co-operator.}
E co-<>perative .movement in Rus&la penetrates eye'?' same time, is not the same as capitalism, and its whole object
comer of the vast territory of Europe and As1abc is to· fight the latter. But it fights it with its own weapons,
Russia. It embraces 40,000 separate cO:Operative · and the .end 9f one must necessarily lead. to the extinction of
and ·12,000,000 of the empire's male citizens. the other.
But, being thus fundamentally different from Socialism,
The strengdt of the co-openitive org?-~ization is i~~reasing,
and the difficulties ·attendant upon mihtary necess1bes . have co-operation can under certain conditions become a transition
only served to stir this organization and. afford increasing . form . towards the latter. This is a view taken by many comutual confidence and sympathy, broademng the outlook of operators, and, in this connection, it must not be forgotten
that co-operation originated from the socialistic ideas of Owen
-.0 Id organizations, giving enlightened purpose to the new,. as
they realize the ever more important part they are assummg and Fourier. These "ideas fell on a capitalist soil and gave
a peculiar fruit--co-operation."
·
in the economic life of the nation.
Of greater importance than its origin are the tendencies
The Russian co-operative movement is already fifty years
shown by to-operation: Does it tend to transform the present
old but it has now acpuired the strength and vigor of manhood · order into a Socialistic one, or not?
under our very eyes. Without exaggeration, it may be asserThe tendencies shown by the lines "of the development of
ted that no other country pos~esses a co-operative movement
the movement are different in the case of societies recruiting
so broad in scope or affedting so many classes in the economic .
their membership amongst peasants or amongst the working
world.
classes.
Conceived and carried out by the people for the benefit of
Co-operation among workmen gravitates towards Socialism
the masses, Russian co-operation possesses all the force. of
in the form of collectivism, although by itself it cannot transnew and original democratic ideas, the breadth of orgamzaform the capitalistic order into a SociaJisiic one. On the
tion characteristic business ability and caution in action. At
other hand, co-operation among peasants, although radically
pres~nt the co-operative movement in Russia is lighting a stern
affecting the position of the latter toward the market, does
battle on behalf of the people against unprecedented high
not destroy the existing system, but on the contrary,
prices, and it is making heroic efforts to relieve distress i~ the
strengthens their position in it.
rural districts. It undertakes the purchase of consumers reSuch are the limitations, inherent in the very nature of coquirements and sells their agricultural produce, both in Russia
operation. That, however, will· not preclude it from occupyand abroad. It has performed excellent work in providing for
ing a prominent place in the social movement which is now
the needs ~f the army. Huge supplies have been organized
spreading in Russia.
by the co-operative movement under the direct auspices of the
"Therefore, fellow co-operators, go forward towards a
state departments. Its financial position is sound, the turnover
hetter future! Forward towards the Kingdom of Labor on
of all the co-operative organizations approaching 2,000,000,000 rbls. The co-operative organization is a power which has the basis of fraternity, equality, and liberty!"
to be considered very seriously by the authorities. All this
has taken place during a period of political oppression and
in the absence of co-operative legislation.
In pre-Revolutionary Russia, the co-operative societies were
the only form of organizations, widely spread among the
He opened his eyes ,seeming to recognize her, a nd smiled.
masses. At the same time their membership was chiefly con- Then his lids slowly closed. A frown passed over his face.
fined to the peasants, while co-operative societie~ .among the He was speaking under his breath. All strained forward to
working classes were weak and few. The food cns1s provoked listen.
by the war has increased the number of the latter form of
"Extra! Extra! all about the big wreck"- his voice trailed
societies, and there is no doubt that their future growth will off into nothingness. Then his face cleared, and he smiled
receive now a powerful stimulus in the free conditions that faintly. Minnie's head fell into her arms.
have been set up. This will also be 'the case with co-operative
"Scrag--!" she cried.
soci~ties in the villages, and the co-operative movement will
For a while nobody stirred. Then, oblivious to all the
have to play a most important part in the social problems others, jim raised her gently. "Minnie" he said, "iMinnie, let
which face the New Russia.· It becomes thus a matter of the me take care of you now. Let me-"
greatest urgency to trace the relation: between c~-operation
For a moment she hung limp in his arms. Then she pushed
and Socialism, as the political atmosphere is saturated with herself back, bracing her hand against his shoulder, and gazed
into·his eyes.
the ideas of the latter.
Whatever the origin of co-operation may be, it does not
"jim," she whispered softly. And then "jim!" she burst
by itself constitute Socialism, but on the contrary, it is rooted out passionately "jim, would you do aJI this over again?"
in the present capitalist state. Co-operation is an economic She motioned toward the bed, including in the gesture the
organization, based on private ownership and aiming at the bowed, broken figure of her father.
private-economic advantages of its members. In a Socialistic
Nan's eyes followed Minnie's to the face of Scrag. As she
:state thete would be no room and no need for co-operation, looked, all the tragedy of his kind seemed to overpower her.
because the former presupposes 'the abolition of capitalist She staggered to the door. The young interne followed her
economy based. on exchange.
.
anxiously. In the hall he caught her arm. She lifted piteousThus co-operation pre-<~upposes the existence of an eco_n- tearfilled eyes to his, and saw understanding there, with someomic order based. on private ownership. However, that does thing that made her accept the comfort of his 5houlder. "'The
DOt mean that co-operation is but one form of the capitalistic big wreck-the big wreck_.' was all 5he could ~ay.
�The Western Comrade
Co-operation
Page 6Eteen
Co-operation the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-operatives Gleaned from Many Sources
The Goodhue Co-operative Co.
Our company, the Goodhue .County Co-operative Company. Red Wing,
Minnesota, was organized in November, 1907, succeeding the Workers'
Co-operative Mercantile Company. The Workers' Co-operative Company
was organized in 1904. Its object was to improve conditions for . the
working man. Prices of all commodities were advancing. The merchants
were well organized and arbitrary, and it was to counteract the effect
of the merchants association that the first co-operative venture was
lounched. The effort was not a pronounced success from the start. No
sooner was the co-operative store opened for business, than the "other
merchants" began a campaign of price-cutting, belittling, and about every
known method. to wreck the new concern, but the men who had organized
the co-operative were workers and fighters. The "other merchants'' said
the co-operative would not last th ree months. They managed to pull
through a year. By the end of the first year they had got over their
.. stage fright," as it were, and could see a new vision.
They got more
of their fellow workers to join them. Shares which were at first sold
for $15.00 were now raised to $25.00, and trade picked up.
Tne first store was located in the west end of the city near the tile
works for which our city is noted. By
1907 farmers were becoming interested
in our store and after much discussion
and many meetings, it was decided to re-~--,
The ·Paciflc Co-operative League
In 1913, in the city of San Francisco, a few far-seeing persons decided
to combat the high cost of living by organizing their buying power. The
result was the Pacific Co-operative League, in which sure and immediate
~enefits were obtained in co-operative and centralized buying.
. The steady and rapid growth of the Pacific Co-operative League shows
it to be a permanent concern. Over 1000 members have joined and at
different points throughout the West and the stale of California, strong
auxiliary clubs, and in some points stores, have been formed.
The benefits secured through the League are · remarkable. A saving of
10 to 25 per cent in the grocery bill is common, and the saving on goods
other than groceries is considerable. One club in 1916 saved its members
$3000.00 on coal alone. Another club reports conservatively that the
saving was 25 per cent on purchases since aJiiliation with the Pacific Co·
operative League.
The League has the enthusiastic endorsement of many prominent publicists and is an active member of the International Co-operative Alliance,
which numbers over 40,000,000 people.-From a letter from E. Ames,
President, Pacific Co-operative League.
----- -- --- -- -- - --
organize the company on broader lines,
increase the capital, and open a s tore in
the business district. The services of"M r.
\V. F. Vedder, now of the American Cooperative Organization Bureau of Chicago,
were secured, and when one hundred and
seventeen subscribers for stock had been
secured, ou r present company was organized. Shares were sold at $100.00
each, and each subscriber paid $5.00 for
membership fee.
The volume of business for the first year
amounted to $57,000.00. We have grown
each year both in membership and volume
unt il last year we did a business of over
$268,000.00, and have about 450 members. We have divided back in interest
and dividends over $35,000.00 and have
about $12,000.00 in our reserve fund.
During the year of 1916 in conjunction
with · the Red · Wing Realty Company, a
subsidiary of our company, we erected a
beautiful new store building 112xll6, ri-ght
in the heart of the best business district,
Goodhue County Co-operative Co. Department Store, Red Wing, Minn.
at . a cost of approximately $100,000.00
complete.
Up to J anuary 1st, 1917, we handled
only groceries, shoe; and meats. In our new building we are handling
Co-operation tn Russ1a
besides the above, dry goods, ladies' ready-to-wear, noen's and boys'
The
European
War has had an invigorating effect on the co-operative
clothing, hardware and farm machinery, and have space arranged for
movement in Russia.
furniture, carpels, rugs, linolcums, etc., as soon as we ca.n get capital
The co-operative societies, which now have a membership of more than
to add them.
.
11,000,000 have taken part in organizing 'public effort for supplying the
During all our efforts, we have had the n:oost bitter opposition of almost
army with food, in careing for refugees and the families of soldiers.
every interest of our city, especially the retail and financial, until someThe co-operative movement in Russia was SO years old in 1915, the
times those of us who arc at the head of the institution wonder if it is
first co-operative society having been sanctioned in 1865. In the first
really worth while. Then again we look at our beautiful home, take
40 years the progress was slow. In the last 10 years the movement has
a big look into the future, gauge it by the record of the past, and try
been especially ma rked, so that today the movement, with a membership
to make ourselves believe that even the Lord of Hosts could have little
of 11,299,404 has reached a position which is said to be far ahead of
use for a "quitter."
tha t in all the countries of Europe.- The Australian Worker.
Yo urs for co-operative success,
GEORGE F. GROSS, Manager.
The V a I u e
0
f Co-operation
Co-operation supplements economy by organizing the distribution of
wealth. It touches no man's fortune, it seeks no plunder, it causes no
disturbance in society, it gives no tro uble 10 statesmen, it enters into
no secret associations; it contemplates no violence; it subverts no order;
it envies no digni ty; it asks no favor; it keeps no terms with the 'idle,
ar.d it will break no faith with the industrious; it means self-help, selfdependence, and such share of the common competence as labor shall
earn or tl.ought c;m w;n, and this it intends tQ havc, -G. J. Holyoake.
Co-operate!
When the prehistoric caveman lived and struggled long ago,
He was strong for independence as he ·wondered to and fro.
If he had a neighbo r handy he would tear him limb from limb,
And the thought of social meetings never much appealed to him;
Till one day a wiser caveman-sort of prophet, priest and scribe-Pointed · out the simple merits of ass.embling in a tribe.
"Let us work and fight as brothers, with our strength combined," he said,
"For we've got to get together if we want to get ahead."
-BERTON BRALEY in Organized Farmer.
�The Western Comrade
fage mlem
Co-oper a ti ve . Banking · By Clinton Bancroft
N view of the hostility existin~ between organized capital to devdop indu~tries operated on a plan that recognizes
labor and organized capital, it is strange that the the manhood of labor, the history of the last fifty years would
memhers of labor unions continue to patronize the have been differently written, and the co-operative commonbanking institutions which are the very bulwarks of wealth would hare been fifty years nearer realiz{tion. If the
that capitalism. Private banks {and by priV'lte banks I mean vast sums of money which labor deposits in capitalistic banks
all non-co-<>perative banks) furni-sh the "$inews of war"- to should, in a reasonable measure, be turned to the development
of a new industrial system, the result would. be a marvelous
the very _c apitalism engaged in the war upon organized _labor;
and the banks get those sinews of war largely froq~ the de- . transformation of the conditions of labor in this country. It
posits of their patrons. So that 'it may be t~thfully said, is strange that organized labor has never atliempted to control
that the laboring people themselves furnish to capitalism the the savings of its own members, and turn the immense advanmeans by which their own oppression is wrough't by depositing tages resulting from such collective control back to themselves.
One reason why organized labor has neglected so powerful
their money in exploiting banks which, in turn, loan it to exa means of helping along its cause as banking, has been that
ploiting capitalists.
It is strange_ that laboring people seem never to have the banking fraternity has for the most part succeeded in
thought of that, and stra nge r still that their leaders have · keeping an outward appearance of neutrality in the contests
never tried to organize these deposits in a way that would have between labor and capital. The attention of the people has
helped the people themselves or at least established depos- never been forcibly called to the subtle part which these
itories where th e fund s of th eir people would be safe and at neutrals actually play in the campaigns of capital. Another
reason, doubtless, was the commonthe same time free from capitalistic
ly accepted bel!ef that banking is a
manipulation. The working capital of
very complicated and hazardous busibanks is not furni shed by the large
ness; that it requires a very high ordepositors. These keep their money
HAT do the working
der of talent to run it . successfully,
moving too fast to do the banks much
people do with their
when the fact is that it really requires
good. It is upon the aggregation of
money?
Who gets the use of it
less business ability to conduct a bank
small deposits that the banks depend
successfully than almos't any other
when they deposit it? Is there
for their effective capital, and these
business. Integrity, prudence and a
are furni shed in 'the main by producno way in which they can reap
common-sense judgment of security
ti ve labor, by the worki ng people. If
the advantage, collectively, of
values is absolutely all that is required.
the worki ng people should withdraw
1he huge sums that a re deposited
Any honest man with ·common-sense
th eir deposits it would seriously cripple
by them? The great mass of the
the exploiting banks ; and if they
prudence can with practical certainty
laboring people do not realize
make a successful banker. Dishonshould go furth er and ban k their earnings with a co-<>perative institution it
esty and speculation are at the bottom
the vast power that lies iil th~
would be a long stride toward solving
of the majority of bank failures that
great aggregation of their prodthe labor problem, both by bringing
result i'n loss to depositors. Failure
ucts in exploiting banks.
from legitimate causes are rare. But
capitalism to a sense of its dependence
upon and subservience to labor, and
the commonly accepted idea has preby helping to establish an industrial
vailed, and the idea never seems to
system which, in itself, would largely
have occurred to the people · that
be a solution of th at problem. The great mass of laboring bankin g could be conducted on the co-operative plan (that is,
people do not realize the vast powC'< r that lies in the great so se riously as to assume the proportions of a general moveaggrega tion of their deposits in exploiting banks. Census me iit) and on any other plan they were too wary of corpora·
statistics show that deposits in savings _banks alone amount in t ion methods to invest in shares even had it been suggested.
round 'numbers to abo ut fi ve billions of dollars, and as the
Another and very potent reason hai been that organized
average is only about four hundred and fifty dollars per capita, labor and labor leaders in the main have devoted themselves
these deposits may be said to belong to the laboring classes or solely to securing better wages ~nd shorter days. They have
to those naturally in close sympa thy with them. What amount tried to fight it out on that line alone. Very little effort has
of deposits in other banks belongs to these same classes it bee n made among them to help themselves by organizing any
would be difficult to estimate, but it would undoubtedly reach ~o rt of industrial plan whereby labor might be freed from exa large sum. The total deposits belonging· to producing labor ploiting capital. Labor leaders carefully refrained from such
must run well up to the seven billion figure. By depositing efforts; indeed, their policy has been to 'discourage the unions
this money in private exploiting banks, the vast industrial as such from •t urning their arttention to industrial reforms of
power which ~hat sum represents is voluntarily placed by any ki'nd. That they had some fair reason for such policy
labor at the disposal of the capitalism of the day which uses can not be denied. They found labor unorganized and the
it to strengthen its own power and destroy the i"ndustrial hope main thing was to -organize, · and they !had to proceed along
of the people.
lines of least resistance. But in later years the organizing
It is voluntarily placed by labor in the hands of those whose spirit and power of labor has been so ·well developed that
sympathies are agamst it, and whose active opposition will it is no doubt a great mi'stake, not to say blunder, to try and
always be felt against any labor movement that appears to hold the laboring people to the single questions of wages and
have a chance to succeed. If instead of de·positing their sav- hours. It has been demonstrated that they are well able to
ings in the banks of their indi!str;al enemies · they had organ- . handle industrial and business enterprises most successfully;
ized cO-<Jperative banks and retained control of this vast
(Continued on Pa~~:e lwenty-rhree)
]
W
�Paae
The Western Comrade
"Evening Thoughts"
PL.AYLET composed while musing alone in my room
at sunset. .
·
The Antelope Valley as seen from the new-born
town of Llano might well be called the Valley of
Dreams. It is an almost mystic place. Its wide . unbrQken
reaches of semi-desert, swathed in a delicately soft purple
hase, above which the dist<~nt mountain peaks arise in silhouette against a turquoise sky have a tendency to place one
in an almost reverential mood.
The evening on which I first wrote these lines was one
of these; sublime in its tranquil majesty. It suggested the
thoughts of infinity.
The Infinite-What is it?
I had been reading an account of a particularly ferocious
battle. It seemed as if I could hear the wail of the dying.
In the conflagration of passion, life was being extinguished.
Life-What is it?
·
Here was the desert in almost infinite solitude and peace,
yonder were men whose every thought was blood and death,
and woe.
With these thoughts in mind I wrote, "Evening Thoughts."
The Infinite in the character of a Greek god is seen upstage
soliloquising.
The Infinite: I am all that is. I encompass the boundless
seas of two Eternities. Past and Futurity are my servants.
The center of the sun and of the remotest star are part of me.
I am time, space, and substance; boundless, endless, and .untouched.
Life enters as a matronly woman, in the best years of life.
She stands at the door a nd listens in silence while The Infinite speaks. As he ceases she walks for~vard, addressing
him.
Life : Ah! What you say is true, my father, and yet
without me you are nothing, your elements are dead and purposeless, a wilderness of forces, a chaos of ions, sere and
unlovely as the dead and barren moon. Unless I quicken,
Infinite as you are, you are not ·conscious of your existence.
The Infinite : Yet you, my daughter, are part of me; born
from the womb of my sweetheart, Substance, nurtured by the
blood of her elements; I am your father and keeper.
Life: It is true that I was born of Substance. It is also
· true that I had Death for a nurse who fed me on the blood
drawn from my own veins.
The Infinite: Life indeed subsists on Life, that she may
rear her children. Love, Joy, Happiness, and Trust are her
favorites. She also rears Suspicion, Hate, Sadness, and Pain,
and these groups drain each other's blood that Life herself
may endure.
Love and Joy enter as young man and woman, wreathed
in garlands of flowers. Love to Life.
Love: 0 mother! how good it is to play with Joy in
the rose embowered gardens of Hope and Trust. The stars
shine with a most wonderful luster; the night is filled with
glory ; the hills are clothed in loveliness, when seen from these
enchanted spots·.
.
En'ter Suspicion and Hate from the right, they glare at
Love and nudge one another.
Suspicion to Hate: There Is work for us in that garden.
Hate: Yes indeed, those two may play for awhile in these
gardens but we must see to it that they do not learn to work
together.
se':enleen
By D r. J o h n D e q n e r
Suspicion: For if Love and Joy make a partnership ' to
Libor, "what becomes of you and D
Life looks around, sees Suspicion and Hate at the door
but appears not to recognize them.
The Infinite (to Life): Daughter, are these not ·your
.· children, Suspicion and Hate, in the presence of your mQre
favored children, Love and Joy?
Life (to The Infinite): They are not my children, but
born to your eldest son, Necessity.
·
The Infinite: He is your husband.
Life: I know he· is my husband, but he never was my
love. My love was and is Ideal; him I am denied, because
of Necessity. Necessity has a concubine, her name is Lust,
and out of that unholy union these two were born together
with Sadness and Pain. They dwell in my house only to
torment my children. These two are friends of Death the
Destroyer. (Death passes a door upstage.)
Suspicion to Hate: I will persuade Love to go wi'tb me
to the house of our mother Lust; that will leave Joy in the
hands of Death.
Hate: Agreed, that will be perfect. 0! my brother you
are a gemus.
Suspicion approaches Love, who has strayed a little space
from Joy.
Suspicion (to Love): How handsome you are when adorned
with blossoms.
Love: Leave me. I know you not.
Suspicion: 0 yes you do, I am your half brother. My
mother is our father's Sweetheart.
Love: Go away, my mother hates her.
Lust: Naturally. Your mother envies mine.
Love: Why should she envy her?
Lust: Because my mother knows many wonderful secrets
that Life would hide from you. My mother has the golden
key to the enchanted ga rdens of Rapture and "Passion.
Love: And pray why should my mother want to hide
ought from me?
Suspicion: Because she is envious; 'he knows that if ever
·you get acquainted with my mother, she will teach you to eat
the fruit of Power; to use the things that make you master·
of men. You will learn the great mysteries of life, the perfume
of Passion, by the use of which you shall become a queen in
your own domain, equal to· your mother, Life. You will see
Joy as he really is, a servant and not a sweetheart.
Love: I understand you not. I love my mother.
Susricion: Your mother and mine love our common father.
We a re to that extent brother and sister. Can you not see
why your mother is jealous?
Love: I suspect that what you say is true.
Suspicion: Let me prove it.
Love: Lead the way.
Suspicion: Follow me. (They exit to the left.)
Joy (to Life, excitedly): Who is that fellow who went away
with Love?
Life: He is Suspicion, the friend of Death.
Ha te laughs, as Death enters from behind The Infinite.
Ughts go out for an instant, and Life and The Infinite are
seen alone.
.
Life: · 0, why must I endure!
The Infinite: To bring forth Love and lose her; to bring
her forth again and again, until all the brood of Fear, Envy,
Hate, Suspicion and Death shall learn that though Love diea
a thousand deatlu, yet she is immortal.
�Page eighteen
BookReTiewa
The Western Comrade
Reviews of R-ecent Books
"Day and Night Stories" by Algernon Blackwood.
Journeyings .into the world of mysticism under the guid'!l'ce of such
~as Al~ernon Blackwood hrings back the fairyland of childhood;
leads tJ.J again into the youth of the race. His latest ·volume of short
stories, "Day and Night Stories'' maintains the high Blackwood standard
set by such cla,ics as "The Centaur," "Julius Le Vallon." "The Extra
Day," "The Human C"hord," "John Silence" and "The Wave."
· Mr. Blackwood has the power to make real the "unreal." . The "un- .
real"" is to moot of something we don't understand. Radiuin was "unreal"
to Sir Isaac Newton. Wireless telegraphy an<l airplanes were " unreal"
half a cen tury ago to the best scientific minds. The "real" is what we
understand (or think we comprebnd) . Algernon Blackwood is no mere
•.veaver of wild fantasies. If as a child you want the sheer Right of
imagina l ion; if you want to exp)ore the impossible ~ if you want to
renew the thrill of Kipling's masterly "Brushwood Boy'o over ~d o"ver
;:oain ; if you want to look ini<> forbidden territory of the mvisible ·
w0o rld- then r~ad Blackwood. But there is far more than this in his
book .
"Day and t\ight Stories" covers a wide range. As in the score of
rrcvious books from the pen of Mr. Blackwood, there runs through these
tales a definite philosophy. The wothor is a deep student. His word
painting is thai of a master artist ; his philosophy fine and clear; his
~nders t aiodin g almost uncanny. The fifteen tales take us into England,
America. Egypt, the Alps- but always into the heart of nature and into
the hea rts of men. iVI r. Blackwood is the skilled surgeon in both fields.
He has achieved the dream of Manfred and here we sense "the viewless
spisit of a lovely sound.'"
·
Return to the primitive harmony of man with his environment, unspoiled by the artificiality of cvilization. this is a part of the lesson we
learn. Place ourselves in harmony with the elemental forces of wind,
fore and water. The oneness of life is shown- the oneness of man and
the trees and flowers of the forest. The oneness of the present life
th rough the ages. Man's belief th• t he knows has kept him from learning.
The church betrayed its trust; the priest killed the conception of God
;,nd substituted a garbled counterfit. Science rebelled against this counterfot and declared no God exeist; that there is no spiritual life possible.
Blackwood doesn't preach, but his stories do. He is one of the rare
prophets leading the race back into spirituality. peeping into the face of
God. forecasting the life in the fourth dimension and showing the possil>ilities just around the corner when man emerges from the fear that
has characterized religion for countless centuries, into· the faith that
is to be the keynote of the future religions. We hear of faith and belief in some of the older religions, but in practice it has been
a feeble note, while the clamor of fear has dominated. "Perfect love
casteth out all fear.'' Mr .. Blackwood is showing the way into that
path of love. "The Initiation" depicts the finding of Beauty in the heart
of the primitive pines; the taking away of all fear of death in the worship of life. nature and beauty as revealed in their underlying unity.
""Ihe Touch of Pan" is a bee.utiful .idvllic excursion, and at the same time
a scathing denunciation of the lives ;,f the \itled parasites and upon the
social · standard which relegates real living· to a place of scorn. "The
· Wings of Horus'' forecasts the possibilities when man shall understand
his relation to the universe-and by faith take his place in harmony
wi th the elemental forces. "An Egyptian Hornet" is a fine portrait of
a moral coward. the product· of the religion of yesterday. And so, all
of the stories- each individual and searching. ·
No one writer has done more for me in the way of combined entertainment, intellectual orientation, understanding and spiritual growth than
Algernon Blackwood.
(E. P. Dutton & Co., New York.)
"Those Times and These" by Irvin S. Cobb.
Irvin S. Cobb is a master humorist- nothing of the depth of philosorhy of Mark Twain- but a close reader of human nature. I like
him because of his telling the truth about California. I like him because
of the abounding pathos and overftow of humor in most of his works;
for the high standard that prevails even in so much copy he turns out
a t so many cents a word for the big magazines. I disagree with his
vi_ewpoi'1t on practically all public questions, national and internationalwhich doesn't bother him a t all (nor me).
Cobb is never better than in the tales of his old Kentucky home
where he was born and learned the newspaper game before going to
New York City to grow fat and famous. "Those Times and These" is
a collection of stories I can cheerfully recommend as the best ever,
for it introduces once more old Judge Priest.
Now, the Judge is an Americar. character who will live. He belongs
to the Kentucky •soil. We have learned to love the uprisht old fishter
By D. Bobspa
and his companion, Sergeant Jimmy Bagby. From time to time during
the past few _years Cobb has been opening the secret Chambers of his
heart in love tales of the old home country. Judge priest has fussed
and hurried through many of them until li!te. Cappy Rich and Matt
Peasley, l:.etitia Carberry and her two spinster friends. and Billy Fortune,
he sells a magazine on sight if he is suspected of being in a story.
There are ten of "Cob's best"-how does that sound for a new brand
of Kentucky stogies?-in the collection. Ex-Fighting Billy ; And There
Was ·Light; Mr. Fleshburg Gets Even ; The "Garb of Men; The _Cure for
Lonesomeness; The Family Tree; Hark ! From the Tombs ; Cinnamon
Seed and Sandy Bottom; A Kiss for Kindness ; Life Among the Abandoned
Farmers:
Cobb impresses me as belonging to the court,ly days of the past
generation than to the generation merging into the future 'humanism.
Be that as it may, no other writer can equal his telling of the survivors
of the period of the Civil War. (George H. Doran Co., New York.)
"Gone to Earth" by Mary Webb.
Mary Webb has a close understanding of the lives of people of the
countryside. She has a sympathy fqr these people whose lives are
centered in the soil, whose eventful periods reach a climaic: in crops;
whose fears, ·hopes and joys 10enter in 'the clouds and sunshine as related to those crops ; whose chickens, 89cks. and herds make up a great
part of the universe.
In "Gone to Earth" she lets ftow her imagination, in much the same
vein shown in her previous novel, "The Golden Arrow.'' She shows a
developing power in her new book. Not all production~ ·can be of the
mountain peak variety. We must 'live the greater part of our lives in
varying levels. across plains and through valleys and on sunny slopes
of the foothills. So, in literature, we cannot . dwell ever among the
superb masters-a dwelling perpetually with the gods would not be good
for us- at leaSt not just yet.
And so. while "Gone to Earth" is not one of the immortals. it has the
qualities that makes the good book-sympathy and understanding.
Human nature, with its relief of quaint and spontanous humor are the
background for the passions of human living woven into the tale. (E.
P. Dutton & Co.. New York.)
"The Definite Object" by Jeffrey Farnol.
Jeffrey Farnol is known to the readers of current fiction through
his previous novels, "Beltane the Smith," "The Broad Highway," ''The
Amateur Gentleman," and "The Honorable Mr. •T awnish." He comes
before the public this summer with "The Definite Object; A Romance
of New York.'' A gratifying merit of Fr. Farnol's novels is that they
Rre stories for their own sake, not ro!Rances about which to hang
some moral or social question. The present story has not been published
serially, and comes fresh to the readers. The scene is laid principally
in that portion of New · Yo;k known as Hell's Kitchen.
·In the novel, Mr. Ravenlee. a young man just a little past the fi •st
draft age. ennuied, bored and distracted because there is nothing in life
of further interest, because of the millions of dollars. automobiles: servanis
and country and· city homes. The champion heavyweight of the world
piloted his automobile and his "butler was a work of art, the envy" of
acquaintances.
·
·
With these accomplice;. he acc~mpanied a young burgler whom he
had apprehended in his New York residence. to Hell's Kitchen, where
a room was engaged of a good hearted woman of angular build. He
ventured poverty and went into the street as a peanut vender. Then
the "definite object" appeared in the person of the sister of the burglar.
The robber reformed after proper moral vicissitudes. The sister was a
beautiful girl, the idol of the heart of the leader of a desperate gang of
gunmen. What this prince of good fortune does under the circumstances
allows Mr. Farnol to introduce some entertaining and exciting chapters.
--{Little, Brown & Co., Bo;ton.)
"The Adventure of Death" by Dr. R. W. MacKenna.
"The Adventure of Death" is a valuable messag~. another envidence
of the passing of materialism as a philosophy. When a Scotch M. D.
defends immortality it is time · for the followers of materialism to do a
bit. of thinking and scrap some of those ten-cent pamphlets from which
they learned their philosophy of· life.
Dr. Robert W. MacKenna writes like a paet. Bill Hyatt says he
ought to write novels, so more people would be led into the joyland
of his beauteous expression. . Of his earlier chapters, "The Great Adventure," "The Fear of Death," "The Painlenneu of Death," and "~thaD-
�The Western
Book Revii!WI_
Comrade
a•ia" I shall make no comment, pertinent as are his suggestions. It
is in the closing part of the book I find most interest.
Here are treated the questions of what life gains from dea th, whether
death · ends all, is man more than matter and survival of personality.
Death, says Dr. MacKenna, is the force tha t gives force and meaning
to -life. Is man more than matter ? Let us listen to ·a beautiful comparison:
"But let us imagine tha t our . materialist is a mustctan, and let us set
him before a piano out of tune, with stiff keys and a half-a-doze~ broken
wires, . and wi tho11t telling him of the crippled condition of the instrument, · let us ask him ·to play Beethoven's Moonlight ' Sopata. . On s.uch
an instrument tha t exquisite harmony would becom'e a discord. The
player has all the necessary skill; the score is before his eyes, and his
fi.,gers touch .the keys at the right time. But the instrument is damaged;
a hammer falls where, there is no wire to catch its blow and tremble
into music, and instead of a concord of sweet sound we have a chaotic
dissonance. The analogy is a permissa~le one, and when the disgu~ted
_materialist rises from the instrument, we may point out to him : that
just as he has been unable ·to extract harmony f~om the damaged .pian9, • '
so the mipd cannot, or at least does not, . play the harmony of liEe on
the keyboard · of a diseased brain."
The brain is placed on the- defen~ive as a limitation of mind. If is
compared to the window which lets into the i room of our being the
ploy of ruiud. The survival of individuality is also advocated. "Reuon
can make but one answer, which is, tliat mind is also imperishable. and
must persist." And "it persists as personality, with this essential. difference, that it is freed f rom the trammels and limitations of the pb,.ic~l
body
"
(G. P. Putnam's ' Sons, New York.)
with The E d i t
Dr. G. Hen-ri Bogart. of Shelbyville, Illinois, veteran writer, poet,
lecture r and editor, woke up the medical profession last month with a
widely published .article on venereals in the United States army. Dr.
Bogart is a graduate of two medical schools, but didn't like the .c ommercialized guesswork a nd graft of the profession and so has devoted
himself to free la nce lecture work and wri ting. His essay, "War, Morals,
Health- the Futu re," appeared in many of the leading medical journals
las t month. Dr. George L Se rvess. editor of the "Denver Medical Times,"
wrote: "Although I had completed the arrangement for the contents of
the ,\,.~ust issue, I am sending the manuscript to the publishing house,
telling them to drop everything else out of the issue and run this article."
Dr. Bogart has given to the conservative world the knowledge that the
radical press has realized fo r a long time. He brings his personal ln·
\ esliga tions and long prefessional s tudies to bear in an au tho rita tive con demnation that not even the "nice" respectables can overlook. Dr. Bogart
is on the staff of a score of medical journals and is doing much to humanize
the profession, being, like Dr. William J. Robinson, one of those "sane
radicals'' who fail to see the "ethical" distinction tha t would make a
_mystic priesthood of the medical profession.
* * *
Orientation is the c rying need of today. We must face the future,
wherein lies new worlds in the throes of travaiL But those new worlds
will spring from the seeds of the past. Let us turn occasionally in the
mids t of the stream of new books to a consideration of tho-se which
have already become classics.
What can be better for your spare hours than a thorough study of
C. Osborne Ward's "The Ancient Lowly?" Why not make these two
pregnant volumes more than a name ? Here is "A History of the Ancient
Working People from the Earliest Known Period to the Adoption of
Christianity by Constantine." If you have read Simonds and Oneal on
Americ-an history. you h ave learned that this study involves the working
class and is something mo re than merely wars and battles. Ward will take
you back into the misty past and show you the history of your class
in the days when the re we re no beings on earth but priests and kings
of importance--to judge from the distorted "facts ' we learned in college.
No c'a pitalist house dared publish the original edition of this revolutionary
work, which in eight editions has carried the gospel of proletarian history.
There are a few minor details- no ted by the publishers- in which la ter
i-n vestigations have develop~d a different conception of some soctal
phenomena . These in no wise disparage the general value of the author's
deductions, a nd the two volumes still stand one of the greatest monuments
of research into the true development of mankind.
You will find tha t Tom a nd Rena Mooney were not the first strike
leaders to gel into trouble with the ruling classes for trying to help the
people; and your 'Sparlacus to the Gladiato rs" will ring wi th a clarified
tone after a study of the " Ancient Lowly.'' What do you know about the
len-year war in which Ennus marshalled an army of 200.000 soldiers
against the economic slavery of Rome? Historians have been silent on
such matters of the uprisings of the proletarian masses.
,. ,.
,_
Closely allied with "The Ancient u;wly" as a class document of virile
force is Dr. Lewis H. Morgan's "Ancient Society: or Researches in the
Line of Human Progress from Savagery through Barbarism to Civilization."
Dr. Morgan is the a uthor of a numbe r of authoritative books and was
one of the prominent scientists of the nation.
just as savagery a nd barbarism gave way to civilization, the last ·named.
is now yielding to the dawn of -humanism, socialism, or whatever name
· future generations will term it. Standing on the verge of this new world,
it is important to take a survey of the three preceding periods of man's
lens of thousands of years on earth.
Four main divisions are treated in this book : "Growth of Intelligence
0
rs
By . B.
Bobspa
Through the Inventions and Discoveries" ; "Growth of the Idea of Government"; "Growth of the Idea of th~ Family"; and "Growth of the
Idea of Properly." The first division tells of the ethnical periods, arts
of subsistence, and the ratio of human progress. Then, following a .
treatment of the organization of society upon the basis of sex, Dr. Mor~;an tells of the development of the gens. in the Indian tribes of America,
among the Aztecs, those of Rome and Greece, together with the gentes of
other tribes of the human family. Among the interesting discussions are
the growth of various confederacies in eastern and western hemisphere,
the Grecian Phralry, the institution of political society, and the change of
descen t from the female to the male line.
: ·
This brings us to the consideration of the ancient family, the consanguine family, the punaluan family, the Syndyasmian and the patriarchal
families, the monogomanian family, sequence of institutions connected
with the family. The books conclude with the subject of the -three rules
of properly . inheritance.
* * *
As the Jewish bible is simply the collection by a wrangling committee at
the dictate of Constantine, so there has grown up a radical "bible," though
it has not been crystalized into a single set and made a fetish of. So,
to my list of classics I would add a note concerning a more recent production than the above.
The elected "representatives" of the people have ceased to function.
The courts and the dictators rule today. So it is interesting to !<_pow the
inside history of our ruling tribunals. Charles Beard in "The Economic
Inte rpreta tion of the Constitution" told of the ori~in of the sacred bull of
the supposed basic law of the land. The tale of the setting aside even
of this supposed bulwark of liberty by the courts is told by Gustavus
Mye rs in his "History of the Supreme Cour.t of the United States." He
is the autho r of "History of Great American Fortunes," "History· of Tammany Hall.'' and "History of Public Franchises in New York Ciiy."
" Palpably a · dominant class," writes the author, "must have some supreme institution through which it can express its consecutive demands
and enforces its will, whether tha t institution be a king, a parliament,. a
. congress, a court, or an army. In the United States, the one all-polent
institution automatically responding to these demands and enforcing jhem
has been the Supreme Court of the United Stales. Vested with absolute
and unappealable power, it has been able, with a marvellously adaptable
flexibility, to transmute tha t will not merely into law but into action.
Hence, the na rra tive of tha t court inevitably becomes a history Of the
origin and progress of capitalism and correspondingly of the forces in
society antagonistic to the capitalistic order."
·
The book is no a ttack on persons connected with the supreme bench.
It deals wi th fundamental causes, the working out of forces of which the
jurists were often unconscious tools, the product of their blighting environment. Neither is any space given to theories or to hypothetical cases
and arguments. -It is based entirely on historic fac ts, the verification of
which can be made by investigation of public records. No denials have
been successfully launched agains t the book. The facts are brought-down
to the year 1912. . While some important developments have transpired
since then, they are only an extension of the powers and activities outlined by Dr. Myers.
• • •
In the na me of comrades, I extend to Comrade Ethel Lynn the -love of
fellowship in this sad summer .which ma rks the death of her devoted
husband. "Dar." was described in Dr. Lynn's late book, "The Adventures
of a Woman Hobo." Each reader felt ·a personal acquaintance with this
fine comrade in the discriptiqns of his devotion to his wife as written by
her. It is sad tha t just when the book is winning a wide national
popularity the companion of the hardships and joys it describes sllould
be removed from us through death.
�Page twenty
Proparaada
-Terms of Peac·e
The Western Comrade
-0
By Ida Crouc:h-Hazlett
- -- IHEN shall we be ready for peace? Will it be next
and would give Russia, Germany, Servia and Austria a chance
I ;~ek or next year? Will it be when the angel of to get to the sea.
·
death is seated at every fireside and the earth is
. The longer the war is continued the more disastrously
- - - desolated of the priceless achievementS of civiliza- the infection · spreads with no possible outcome but exhaustion? ·
·tion to the status quo. The Socialist sees in this inevitable
Now is · the accepted time. The evidence is apparent that exhaustion the final collapse of the capitalist form of prothe German aggression is not likely to succeed. The results duction from ·inherent defects of its financial mechanism,
obtained by Great Britain ar~ meager. France has not many international bankruptcy and confiscatory taxes, and, tremend- ·
men left. New Zealand is exhausted. · The British working ously stimulated by the war, exportation of products, both ·
class is on the point of rebellion. Canada is mutinous; and as capital and merchandise.
the German defensive is practically untouched. Russia ·canAn international syndicate for the development of the backnot be depended on even with the pistols of the allies at ward ports of the globe, and a common tribunal to which all
her heart. She · has the sweet wine of Brotherhood in her concession seekers and investors will submit their claims means
veins, and even her Battalion of Death cannot produce a · an escape from armament. This means the establishment of
will for slaughter when there is none. The United States democracies of all people in all advanced powers as the only
has the entire experience of war to learn before she can be real method with which to encourage and assist backward
nations.
counted on.
The conflict of classes must be- stopped so as not to em"No indemnities and no annexations." No indemnities
could repair the colossal devastation; no indemnities could broil whole peoples for the advantage of any class.
All factories of war supplies and munitions should be owned
be squeezed out of the weaker antagonists, and, if the war
continue much longer, the protagonists will be "bled white." by the governments, and not operated for private profit. The
Indemnities would be a fruitful irritant for future wars, and privileged classes would lose their enormous profits by peace.
the question of their division would be extremely difficuft Armaments should be abandoned to rebuild indust~ies.
to solve without friction.
New democratic standards for the world must take the
Each nation should have the freedom to expand without place of the clash of classes. The disarmament of all nations
intervention from any other nation. The State should not except for the purpose of actual defense would strike at
be a collection and insurance agency for foreign investors, privileges, profits, and immunities. No permanent peace is
but its sovereignty should _end with its boundaries. Investors possible until we have democracy. Junkerism and democracy
should take risks on their own initiative, and should be strip- cannot unite on a peace program.
All strategic places should be internationalized; all routes
ped of the support of the home government, with no army
over which international traffic flows by sea or land; all ports,
and navy to back them.
Disputed territories should be allowed to vote on their straights, seas, canals, and international railroad lines, as
boundaries and allegiance. This would give a United Poland, Gibraltar, Bosporus, Suez, and the Bagdad railway.
All the agencies of foreign relations should be democratheretofore ravished by Austria, Germany and Russia. Italy's
desire for predominance in the Adriatic brings it into conflict ized and an end put to secret diplomacy.
The making of war should be lodged with the people.
with the Slav seeking the sea, and the Italian ports have
become more Slavish than Italian. Alsace-Lorraine is more Armies and navies should be democratized and military caste .
destroyed; and so long as defense must be provided for, a
German than French.
The open door, free trade and freedom of the seas would democratic, citizen army should be the type, an indu-strial
now largely settle the problems of 1>9rts like Trieste; Fiume, army that would be employed in public undertakings.
Constantinople, Casablanca, Agadiz, Koweit and Antwerp,
The cause of labor and peace and democracy are one.
WI
Prohibition and Discontent
-~E New York Tribune's staff correspondent at Spokane
reports a new argument against- prohibition by the
lumber men and other large employers of the Northwest, recently gone. Labor- unrest, they complain,
is due to the lack of drinking places where men can forget
their troubles, to wake up the next morning with no money
in their clothes a nd the necessity of going back to the boss
to beg for a job. The correspondent puts it thus:
"The men from the camps come to town with so much
money and it lasts so long. . . They have the new spirit,
a new independence. The I. W. W. leaders say frankly that
these sober, well-to-do men are far better material for them
to work on than the blear-eyed, wiskey-soaked gangs that used
to loaf around the I. W. W. halls for shelter. They have an
interest in economic questions, and they lilce to hear serious,
even if revolutionary, speeches. They begin to think. Well
dressed, well groomed, grasping in th~·r soberness of life, they
· begin to consider that the orator a ues well when he tells
them that they have as good brains a d more brawn than their
From "The Public"
employers, and that it is merely because they permit the
traditional masters to •stack the cards' on them that they
do not own the industries they work."
If the I. W. W. is doing this for the lumber workers and the
constructi-o n workers of the Northwest, it is entitled to our
gratitude. Any fallacy in the I. W. W. doctrine will be found
sooner or later by men thus awakened to serious thought,
and they will either leave that organization for one that offers
soberer promise or they will change it from within. The
testimony of these employers, paraphrased by the correspondent, confirms that of the ·regular trade union leaders of
Colorado and Washington that prohibition has been a blessing
to the labor movement. The best of our labor leaders are
rapidly coming to a realization that the old political alliance
between booze and labor has been an unmitigated obstacle,
that labor has been jobbed again and again by the liquor
interests to whom it turned in its times of desperate need.
Mr. Gompers' steadfast opposition to prohibition will not much
longer represent the prevailing attitude in labor circles.
�•
The Western Comrade
Arricaltare
Page tweDty-one
•
News and Views In
Agriculture
Hoover
says:
"The savings of the American consumer should be made by the exdusicm
. of speculative profits from the handling of foodstuffs, . and not by a
sacrifice on the part of the producer."
"11.;. is no time for the illegitimate food manipulator. Hoarding and
speculation are rife."
.
·"Those producers who fail to sell their crops at a reasonable price
should ·use them at home."
"There is no occasion for food panic in this country. . There is no
justification for outrageous prices."
·.
"What we hope to do under the food survey and administration legislation is to stabilize prices by vario~s devices, and to regulate the profi ts and speculation out of handling commodities."
W e e d s a r e W a t e r ·W a s t e r s
Few people appreciate how thoroughly weeds · rob the soil of its
surplus moisture. An experiment recently conducted at the Nebraska
Experiment Sta tion· shows tha t whereas a certain a rea of com abstracts
300 pounds of water from the soil, a similar area of sunflowers robs. the
soil of 1200 pounds of water. It can be seen from this what a waste
of soil wa ter occurs when rank-growing weeds a re allowed to survive.
Illustrative of what a lack of soil moisture will accomplish in the way
of plant grow th, another Nebraska field trial is of interest. One acre
plot of corn that was never cultivated or worked yielded twenty-two
bushels of corn, as compared with a like area that was thoroughly cultivated and produced seventy-eight bushels of corn.-Country Gentleman.
M a nu r e and F-er t iI i z e r s
A ton of stable manure usually contains 10 pounds nitrogen, 10 pounds
potash, and 5 pounds phosphoric acid, making a total of 25 pounds of
plant food.
The excess of nitrogen in · hog and sheep manu re, is greater than
in horse m anu re. In cow manure the excess is a little less than it is
in horse manure. In the four manures, horse, cow, hog, and sheep, the
ave rage excess o f nit rogen is about the same that it is in horse manure,
or about th ree times as much as it should be for corn.- Co-operato r' s
Herald.
Cow s a nd C a l v es
Foul in the fool in catlle is caused by standing in mud, and may become senous. To cure, cleanse the space between the toes by drawing
a small rop through, th~n apply sulphate of zinc, one drachm in half
pint of wa ter.
Regulari ty in feeding and milking the cows is very important. Both
should be done at regular set hours each day, as cows quickly form
habits, and any delay is apt to cause _worriment, which will mean a
lessening of the product in the pail.
It is a mistake to cut out the morning milking during the time of
scant' p roduc tion, as some f<l rmers a re
ofien known to do.
Do not fail to have your herd examined a t least once a year by a
s]<illful vetenarian to see if tuberculosis has gained an entrance. Promptly
remove any tha t respond tq the lest. Neve r under a ny circ ums tances
add an animal until it has passed a rigid examination.
It is impossible to say just how soon in her life a heifer should be
bred. The distinctive, specialized dairy breeds may b< bred earlier than
the large strains. Sollll' heifers at sixteen months a re as fully developed
as others at twenty-four. Therefore the experienced breeder will breed
according to development.
A good liniment for all kinds ·. of swelling on dairy cows, as well as
on all other farm animals, is made by mixing equal parts of turpentine,
sweet oil and camphor. Apply liberally and frequently to the swollen
parts.
Good milch cows do not generally carry a large amount of flesh. It
it impossible to produce milk and flesh at the same time. But they
need good feed just the same.
To get the best flow of milk during the winter, cows should be bred
so as to come in the fall. They begin to fall off in milk in spring, but
the grass will stimulate a larger flow, and they will keep it np until
time to be dried off for the next calf. In this way the non-milking ·period
will be at.. a time of the year when butter and milk are tile lowest.- United
States Dept. Agriculture.
Drying Vegetables
. Vegetables can be preserved for future use by drying. One point to
keep in mind is that the drying should be fairly rapid so that there will
be no chan~e for the vegetables to spoil before sufficiently dry. Another
point is · that the vegetables, if fl.,.hy, should be cut into ·slices !Is to ~
inch thick. There are several ways of drying: sun heat, artificial heat
and air blast. ·There are several makes of driers on the market. The
trays on which the drying is done, should have unpainted screen or wooden
slat bottoms. The open bottom allows beiter circulation of air. than calf be
secured in a pan. Several of these trays can be placed, one above ano.t her
and when set over a stove the heat will pass through the trays and bring·
about quite rapid drying. The electric fan, when available, can be used
to force a current of air through the vegetables . . In drying the vegetables
they should not 'be dried until crisp but to a leathery consistency. It
takes experience to tell just what degree of dryness is best.-Famters'
Bulletin No. 841.
·
World's Greatest ·Food Crisi
Sixty million men have been withdrawn from the fields of labor in
Europe. Reserve stocks of meat, grain, butler, eggs, canned food, have
been and are today falling below the danger level.
The Allies have bought for FUTURE -delivery 300,000,000 bushels of
.1917 wheat. Unless our government intervenes, wheat may sell at over
four dollars a bushel.
A>tyway, ninety-nine million out of our population of about one-hundred million pooitively refuse to admit any emergency•.
So it is the duty of the American farmer to prevent a possible worldstarvation. Think it over, and begin to act.-The Western Empire.
Spineless Cactus as Feed
A trial wiih spineless cactus as a feed for milch cows conducted in the
University dairy herd showed it to have no more merit ·than suggested
by its chemical composition (92.8 per cent moisture, 0.3 per cent digestible protein, 3.9 per cent digestible carbohydrates and fat). It proved
unpalatable to our cows, but undoubtedly in some cases it has been eaten
by cows and hogs with a relish and in considerable amounts. Aa 100
pounds contain less than eight pounds of dry ma tter, and but slightly over
four pounds digestible nutrients, it can only be looked upon as an appetizer to stock that have become accustomed to it, and cannot be considered a substitute for either roots or silage, as is sometimes claimed.Berkeley CoUege of Agriculture.
The Alfalf a
We e vi I
Alfalfa is California's most valuable fo rage crop. It is the backbone of
the livestock industry .of the state, and its protection from destructive
pests is ·t herefore of prime importance.
.. The alfalfa weevil (Phytonomus posticus Gyll.) is the most destructive
pest of alfalfa occurring in the United Stales, and against it California
maintains a stric t quarantine.
This insect occurs a l the p resent lime in
Utah, the southeastern corner of Idaho and the southwestern corner of
,Wyoming. It w.. s introduced in some unknc:>wn way from the old world,
where it is found throughout the Mediterranean region. It was first discovered in this country nea r Salt Lake City, Utah, about thirteen years
ago, where it covered only a few acres of territory. Since then it has
spread with considerable rapidity, although it has not made any extended
jumps in its distribution.-State Commissioner of Horticulture.
Bristles
Young pigs should not run in heavy pastures when the dew is on the
grass. The best c ross to produce pigs for bacon is one between pure-bred
boars and sows of the same breed. To speak plainly, crossing of breeds
is rather risky except in the hands of one who thoroughly understands
breeding, and such men do not practise it to any extent• .
Many newly-born pigs die immediately after delivery just for lack of
a helping hand. If a sow farrows nine pi_gs and loses three, a loss of
cne-third is experienced; but few look a t the maller in that light. They
generally consider themselves fortunate that the other two-thirds of the
Iilier pulled through. About three weeks before · farrowing, pregnant sows
may be given a ration consisting of nine parts of rolled barley and one
part of tankage, or three pounds of skim-milk to one pound of the barley.
This method will insure strong, lusty, active new-born pigs.-Farm
journal.
�Page twenty-two
T 'h e We s I e r n Co m r a d e
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"The Truth About
·The Medical Profession"
By John A. Bevan, M. D.
·
Columbia University
(Inventor of the CEsophagoscope)
The result of dinical and pathological
re~earches at Guy's Hospital, London, and
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Page lwenty-three
Co-operative Banking Contin~ed fro.m pag~J6 · -I Articles Promised For Early -Is~ues,
and co-operative banking is one of them.
•
The failure of the government monetary system to proVJde
. the people with a volume of money equal to :!he ne~ of
exchange has forced them at times to resort to vanous ·
devices to supply the unprovided need. The banks themselves
in the past as well as at ~he present time have been forced to
provide temporary relief by issuing clearing~house certificates,
certified checks, bills of exchange, federal reserve notes, and
other forms of com~rcial paper during the frequent recurring
financial crises that are a necessary evil of the prevailing
monetary system.
To .the private capita~isti<; banks the necessity for such
acti.on arises only when th~uddenly need to mediumize their
~ecurities, that is, reduce them to an exchangeable medium
form. To the people such necessity is chronic. On account
of the miserably inadequate volume of government money
they are continually forced to capitalize their securities•. to
mediumize their wealth or sacrifice it by buying with it a
scarce and hoarded legal tender for which there is an enormous over- demand and a corresponding under- supply.
Through the federal reserve scheme therefore, the banks are
only doing what the government ought to do. But by that
plan the associated bankers of the country have successfully
~iezed the money-issuing funation o( government and control it
absolutely for themselves. Notwithstanding the scheme may
be aulthorized by the Congress, although it may be called a
"federal reserve bank" and however large Its capitalization
may be, yet the establishment of such an institution is usurpation of a government function by private individuals which can
have but one- result-the progressive enslavement of labor to
private capital-ownership. The issuing of a medium of exchange is a government function. To demand that the
government go out of the bank business by ceasing to be the
issuer of money and turn the function of mediumizing values
over to the private banker, is like demanding time to roll
backwards. But an essential social function that Is undertaken by the government and inadequately 'performed, must
in self-defense be supplemented by the people themselves or
they must suffer until the government sees proper to do its
work well.
The beneficiaries of the government monetary ;ystem, the
bankers, are too highly pleased with the inadequate performance of this functi.on to allow it to be done any differently.
The people have suffered long enough patiently waiting ·for
capitalistic experts to give them relief. The time is near at
hand when they will be .forced to supplement this government
by establishing a system of banking and exchange that will
promote industrial production instead of thn;>ttling it, one
which will develop the country's resources for all the people
instead of artificially centralizi'ng them into the private fortunes of a few.
"Scraps of Paper."
"Scraps of . Paper" is one of the most realistic bits of source materi•l
that has been given to the public. It consists of nearly a score of reproductions of the German proclamations in Belgium and F ranee. These
bulletins, of which we have read so much, are reproduced photographically
in all the original colors of blues, greens, yellows, white, orange and red.
We seem to be traveling through the very war zorie itoelf as we look upon
these martial posters. A full page is given to each post~. with the .tr,anslalion and a historical note given on the owosile page. (English version
brought oul in America al 25c. New York. George H. Doran ·Company.)
~TICLES of general inte.r est which \\-ill
A
.
tssues of the WESTERN COMRADE
appear in e~rly
are now bemg
prepared~
.
Mr. H. ·G ..Teigan, connected with the national headquarters
of the National Nonpartic~n League of St. Paul, Minnesota,
has promised a series of three articies on this remarkable
farmer's organization._ lEach wiU consist· of between 2500
and 3000 words, or about two pages of the WESTERN COMRADE.
Perhaps only a minority of the readers of this magazine
have any knowledge of what his virile, .vital, growing, thriving organization is achieving. It has spread througout the
wheat belt of the northwest and / is traveling southward. It
controls governors and legisla'tures and has a representative
in Congress. Et is economic and political in its functions.
Controlllng the :governing forces is but a means to an end
with these farmers. Their platform calls for government ownership of elevators, etc. It has ·gained for its members a more
stable market for : products and higher prices. It has organized purchasing facilities that secure necessities at lowered
ligures.
In his series of articles Mr. T eigan will give a brief history of the achievements of ·this extraordinary organization.
With no claim of being Socialistic, it is securing the very
things that Socialists •have talked, worked, and voted for.
Therefore it is of in~erest to every person who believes in
co-operation, and it should convert those who do not. We
believe Mr. Teigan's articles will be eagerly read.
Universal Brotherhood
"n::IS is the name a group of Socialists chose for an .organ! ization which would be of interest to Socialists. It was
started in Fresno, California, in 1915. It, too, Is a vital
organization which interests all who ·believe in co-operation.
just now certain details are being perfected, but shortly .
the WESTERN COMRADE exJ)ects to begin a series of four
or more articles which will tell of the ideals, growt:h', plans,
and achievements · of · this auxiliary to the movement for
emancipaJtion from . capitalism.
The prime purpose of the Universal Brotherhood · i's lo
·secure the benefits of co-operation without requiring· the purchaser t0 finance a Store.. How it has been achieved suggests an easy solution to the problems that have hindred,
ohti'mes, the growth of co-operatives .in this country.
But there are ideals connected with the Universal Brotherhood; it is more than a mere purchasing society. The
· Universal Brotherhood now has headquarters at 3058 Iowa
Avenue, Fresno, California. It is attracting the close attention of radical and progressive people of Central California.
No definite date -has been set for the beginning of this
series, but it will probably commence within the next two
or three issues.
~
About Manus _c riph
Only typewrillen material or that wrillen with ink will be given
consideration.
Please pul your name and address and date on manuscripts.
The WES'ffiRN COMRADE does not pay IOBSh at present.
Please s_tale if you desire return of manuscript.
·
The COMRADE is always glad to consider contributions, but nothing
·of a controversial nature will be printed.
�THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF SOCIAL ECONOJ\'!Y.
Three Cor·r-espondence Courses of Study
Organized in 1900.
Students in ~I giish -Speaking Countries
LESSONS PREPARED AND TAUGHT BY
Walter Thomas Mills
·), -
Any of these Courses can he t~ken by a single individual or in class~s. Work can begin at any time ·
and· can be completed as quickly as anyone is able, or the time ·may be extended as may be necessary.
FINELY ENGRAVED CERTIFICATES are given to those who satisfactorily complete the work in any of these courses.
H
. J I.-TEN
LE5...-~NS
IN tHE STUDY OF . SOCIALISM.
ere are II.-TEN LESSONS IN THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKU\G.
the Courses I III.-TEN LESsoNs IN THE coRRECT AND EFFECTIVE ust. oF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
THE TEN LESSONS IN SOCIALISM
Lesson 1.-The -Evolution of Capitalism.
Lesson 11.-The Evolution of Socialism.
Lesson IlL- Scientific Socialism.
Lesson IV. -Tbe Failure of Capitalism--The Commg of Socialism.
Lesson V.-Trades Unions and Sor.ialism.
Lesson VI.-Tbe Farmers and Sociaiism.
Lesson VII.-The Midclle Class Workers arid Socialism.
Lesson VIIJ.-Religion, Education and Socialism.
Lesson· lX.-P"olitical Parties and Socialism.
Lesson X.-How to Work for Socialism.
Each of the ten lessons which have been especially prepared by Mr.
Mills, the author of "The Struggle for EJ<ist~nce," gives special directions for the study of some one topic as given in the above schedule.
Each lesson give• a summary of the subject matter to be studied with
special references to all the paragraphs in the text book bearing upon
tha t topic and designating those to be read only, as well as those to be
carefully studied. Each lesson in the course is followed by a list of
test questions, the answers to which are written up as studied and forwarded to Mr. Mills for correction, approvKl or reco!TUllendations for
further study, together with answers to any special questions asked.
THE TEN LESSONS IN THE CORRECT AND
EFFECTIVE USE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Lesson 1.-The Building and the Mastery of Words.
Lesson 11.-The Classes of Words.
Lesson Ili.-The Relation o( Words to Each Other.
Lesson IV.-The Building of" an English Sentence.
Lesson V .- The Finishing W-ork on an English Sentence.
Lesson VI.-The Forms of Speaking and Wriling.
Lesson Vli.-The Telling of Story and the Explaining of a Situation
Lesson Vlll.-The Building of an Argument.
Lesson IX.- Effective Corre$pondence.·
Lesson X.-Wriling for Publication.
These lessons consist of ten pamphlets, each complete in itself and
containing all the material nece~sary for a student's work. Each lesson
is followed with test questions and the manner of procedure in doing
the work, the same as above.
a
TEN LESSONS IN THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Lesson 1.- The Training of !he Voice.
Lesson H.- Gathering the Speaker's Materials.
Lesson lli.- Constructing thi Artumpt.
Lesson IV.- Tke Delivery o a Speech.
. .. .:.
Lesson V.-Adornment and ower in Public Address.
Lesson VI.-The Speech and t~e Occasion.
Lesson Vll.- Errors in Speul,.
Lesson Vlll.-Controversial Speech.
Lesson lX.-How to Manact a Crowd.
Lesson X.-The Personal Qlialities of all Orator.
In these lessons, as in the course of English, each lesson is co:nplcte
in itself ~nd no text book will be required, and the manner of proceedore will be the same.
REMEMBER :-If you wish to understand the labor question, .to deal with the high cost of living, to •jnderstand the rise of militarism and the
way of escape, to light effectively for the young, the disabled and the aged, in short, if you wish to be a good and an effective Socialist, begin at
once the study of these lessons in Socialism. If you wish to have a voice as dear and musical as a bell, so that people will listen to you just for the
music of your voice, to be heard distinctly by the largest crowds, to have a throat of steel that will never fail you, to have a great fund of fresh
and interesting information, to be able to think at your best on your feet and before a crowd, to be an ~ffective salesman in offering goods or in
presenting ideas, to speak without notes and never forget, to address a th rong as though you were speaking to a single friend and to become yourself the incarnation of the message you take to others, then take these ten lesson• in the Art.. of Public Speaking.
If you want to write for the press, not for the waste basket, to be understood, not to be laughed at, to write letters that bring replies. to sorvo
on committees, write resolutions or party piatforms, to gather the greatest fund--of information, to write a story that will read when printed as it
sounds when told, to recover from the brogue or the broken forms of foreign speech or of untrained utterance, then take these lessons in the study
of the English language.
·
g
THESE LESSONS WILL BE WORTH YOUR WHILE. The following well-known speakers, writers and organizers were once students of Mr. Mills:
George R. Kirkpat~ick, Anna Maley, Fred. D. Warren, Kate O'Hare, Frank O'Hare, Guy Lockwood, Mrs. Lockwood, Oscar Ameringer, Phil Callery,
J. W. Slayton, Gertrude Breslau. Fuller, 0. S. Wilson, judge Groesbeck, Ceo. W. Downing, Agnes Downing, John M. Work, Mrs. A. M. Salyer, Ceo.
H. Turner, George D. Brewer, J. E. Snyder, George Scott, Mrs. Bradford, Walter and Rose· Walker, Anna Strunsky Walling, T. E. Latimer, Caroline
Lowe, James O'Neal, W. C. Benton, J. L. Fitts, J . L. Engdahl, Dr. Nina E. Wood.
TERMS: The Course of Lessons in Socialism, including a paperbound copy of "The Struggle for Existence" by Walter Thomas Mills,
free. $5.00 for a single student; in classes of five or more, $3.00 each;
in clasaes of ten or more with text book foee to each student in any
case, $2.50 each; or the course free to allyone ordering ten copies of
the doth-bound edition of "The Struggle for Existence" at $1.50 each
(regular price $2.50) ; or ten copies of "Democracy or Despotism" by
Walter Thomas Mills, regular price $125 each, to one· address.
The Courses in the study of English and in the Art of Public Speaking are $10.00 each for single students; in dasses of five $7.50 each;
in classes of ten or more $6.00 each; or either Course for a single
student free to anyone ordering fifteen cloth-bo,md copies of "The
Struggle for Existence" at $1.5D (regular price $2.50); or fifteen copies
of "Democracy or Despotism" at $1.00 each (regular price $1.25) to
one address, purchasers paying the freight.
4j Now is the time to get ready for the winter's work. You can invest in nothing that will pay so large a return as when you invest in
yourself. You can earn these courses getting up clubs for the books.
You can greatly reduce the expense and add to the pleasure and profit
of the work by getting up classes in any of. these Courses •
. ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS, always mentioning that
yo~
saw this ad in THE WESTERN COMRADE, to
The International School of Social Economy
R. R. No. 1, Box 15, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA.
�A Nice Girl
read. And you must dry your feet so. nobody'll ever know.-Come on!"
.
He pulled her toward the house, and into the .living room
·
with its book-lined walls.
"Dad," he said to his father, who. sat r.eading in front of
the fireplace, "here's Nan. She got her feet wet and has to
1
dry them."
He seated Nancy by the fire and began running his fingers
over the books ·on the shelves. "Say, where's that book, 'The
History of Reproduction?' "
"On the second shelf there tp your. right." One .keen look
took in the girl's tear-stained face and muddy shoes. He appeared to be absorbed in his book. "Make y.o urself at home,
Nancy," he said, and returned to its pages.
The boy found the book and handed it to Nancy. "You can
read it while I clean the mud off your shoes. It's a peach of
a book."
He stooped and began to unlace Nancy's shoes. And his
father's eyes, at once shrewd and benignant, rested for· a
moment upon the forlorn girlish figure, timidly, trustingly
opening the book; then dropped to the dark, down-bent head
of his boy.
.
.
"Well done, David Bolton," he softly whispered to himself.
MORE ABOUT
Lo ul s iANA
(jj You will want every word about the development
. of the . Llano Colony in Louisiana, ai1d you will
want it at the earliest moment and as frequently
as possible.
(jj You can get it just as jt happens every week
in the
Llano Colonist
lc a Week ·
.SOc a Year
In Clubs of Three for $1.00
THE WESTERN COMRADE7Sc
a year;
In Clubs .,f Four. or . More ·at SOc
LLANO C€lLONIST wjth.Jb&..COMRADE$1.00 a year; ' In clubs of Four or More a t 75c.
Successful California Co-operatives
Continued from Page 25
ara tely. Remonstration with the middleman and with the
speculator were of no avail. These parasites continued merrily
with their game of exploitation. The result was an almost
universal and simultaneous movement of co-operation for the
.JlU!JlOSe of marketing fruit products.
· · Practically all the co-operative organizations in California,
are formed 'for the sole purpose of marketing fruit products.
With the exception of the Pacific Co-operative League of San
Francisco, which is a wholesale co-operative store, this is the
only variety of co-operation. Many of these co-operatives
are capitalized at a million dollars and handle an enormous
amount of products.
·
It is interesting to note that in every instance, the farmers
were not EDUCATED but DRIVEN to the acceptance of cooperation as a remedy for poverty and exploitation.
Earn Your Way Into Llano
(jj You can do it by secunng subscriptions to the
Llano Publications.
(jj One man has already earned a !pembership.
Others have earned Stock.
(jj Write at once for full information about the
Second Grand Membership Circulation Contest.
It closes December thirty-first. Now is the time to
get subscriptions while the big new Louisiana
Llano Colony is being formed.
THE
LLANO
IJ...ANO,
LLANO PuBLICATIONS
LLANO, CALIF.
"The Truth About
The Medical Profession"
By John A. Bevan, M. D.
Columbia University
(Inventor o f the CEsophagoscope)
The result of clinical and pathological researches
at Guy's Hospital, London, and the Bellevue,. Hos- .
pita!. New York.
BENEDICT LUST, N. ·o.. D. Q., D. C., M. D., writes: '"lb~
book is splendid· and will help !o enlighten many skepiics who
• till believe in medical superstition."
Prof. DAVID STARR JORDAN, M. D., w rites : "I have
looked over the book called 'The Truth Abou t the Medical
Profession.' There are a great many things tha t a rc forceful
and truthfully said."
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW writes : "There are some quite
interes ting and important things in the book."
· Cloth Bound, Postpaid
Paper Bound, Postpaid
$1.00
.50
PUBLICATIONS
CALIFORNIA
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS,
LLANO, CALIF.
l
.~~--~----•>------------~t*L-----..4-------------------,-===~--~,.~~...~
�- -y -ry
--
There's a Home Waiting for You
In The Sunny South
Down where the weathtr is always mild, where cotton
pays big, and corn crops never fail, the Llano del Rio
Co-operative Colony has just bought an immense tract
of rich, productive land. It is in one of the most healthful,
most delightful spots in the great South, a spot that has
been out of the way of the westward migration, passed by
by the homeseekers. It is in the vast pine forests of the
Vernon Parish Highlands.
As rapidly as possible this tract is to be settled up on
the plan heretofore followetl by the Llano del Rio Co-op-
erative Colony. It is the first step in the policy of expansion that has been the aim from the very first.
Transportation is excellent, the land is well-drained, there
are neither mosquitoes or malaria. The most al.thentic
health reports show that there is no more likelih :xxl of
disease in this district than there is in any other sta· e.
Weather reports over a period of 12 to 17 yeat·s give
authoritative information regarding weather con iitions.
There has never been a drouth in that time. Neith·!r is it
excessively hot In the summer. Winters are mild and not
unpleasant.
16,000
Acres-The Ne: Lla~o Colony In
the Rich Highlands of
This is in the HIGHLANDS of Louisiana, and the fearsome stories you may have heard concerning pestilential
swamps, and fevers, do not apply here any more than they
apply in the healthful highlands of other states where there
are n~ -:lisease-breeding conditions.
Think what an immense tract this is! It means home
for many hundreds of people. It means security for them,
and under the plan of the Llano Colony it means getting
the complete product of thetr own toil. It means relief
LLANO'S
i6,000
ACRE
PLANTATION
L0 u1s1an a
from the worries of unemployment, and it means th.1t the
benefits of a co-operative organization on broad lines
will be theirs.
The pine-covered Highlands of Louisiana are ju;:t beginning to command attention. Within a year, more than
I 000 persons will be located on this great tract, tillir..g the
soil, establishing the auxiliary industries that will be: carried along with agriculture and horticulture and li·•c!Stock
raiSing, and the minor industries that are a part of every
town.
The Land of Cotton
and rorn, sweet potatoes, lri•h potatoes. peanuts, vegetabJ.,. of O\'ery
kind, peaches. figs, apples, berries, pecans, sugar cane. Nearly every ·
crop that can be grown in any part of the South can ~ srown on
the new Colony p roperty, " ith the exception of citrus fruits, a nd the
p roduction is enormous. Th'. is rich land. and a thorough investisa·
lion has been made by a special committee selected by resident stock·
holders of the Llano del Rio Colony. It will commence yieldin1: sood
returns from the yery first.
Send for the fre•· n•w descriptive illustrated folder, "Llano's l'lanta·
tion in the Highlands of Louisiana."
WRITE AT ONCE FOR FULL
INFORMATION ABOUT THIS
LLANO EXTENSION COLONY
The Llano del Rio Colony
Stables, Louisiana.
--··
_..L
...._ ..
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-09
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-09
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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2018-08-01
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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v05n05
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26 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2d20f6d6af050059a41f67204c64bdf6.pdf
52ee7e894814163536e157e6b324c840
PDF Text
Text
r
I
\
7
Walter Thomas
who has now associated himself with the Llano del Rio
Co-operative Colony, will contribute a special exclusive article
to the WESTERN COMRADE every month.
Walter Thomas Mills is known the country over for his
keen insight into economic and social problems, and his constructive economic policies, and his alignment with the principles of "Co-operation in Action" will be welcomed by our
readers.
-
- --- ---- ·--.- - - ---------- - - - - --- ----~
·-
What Next?
By Walter Thomas Mills
Inspiring Editorials by
Job Harriman
WI\LTER THOMAS MILLS
Editorials ............................................................ 3
Llano Getting on the Map .................................. 6
By Robert K. Williams.
What
What Shall We Do To Be Saved? ...................... l4
By Dr. John Dequer
By Job Harriman.
Fires of Love .................................................... l5
~
By Ethel Winger
Next ?... .............................. ..................... 8
Walter Thomas Mills, who is now a .;,ember of the
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony. discusses Current
Problems.
Unfair District Representation ............................ 9
By Cameron H. King.
For the Length of the Story (Fiction) ................ ! 0"
~/
By Helen Francis Easley.
Why Not Ragtime ?............................................ 12
By Professor A. G. Wahlberg
Montessori-What It Achieves............................ l3
r
August 1917
Was Schmidt Guilty ~----------/--_----··:·:····------ ----- '6
Fourth Installment of Job Harriman's Address to the
Jury in the Sclunidt Trial
Co-operation the World Over.............................. IS
News and ~iews in Agriculture ............................ l9
, Reviews of Recent Readable 8ooks..................20
By D. Bobspa
Poems : To the ldeal... ....................................... 21
By Dr. John Dequer
A Workingman's Soliloquy....................21
By Clinton Bancroft
Price 10c
\
/
/
/'
.
�The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE UANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is located in
the beautiful Antelope Valley, in !he northeastern part of
Los Angeles County, Southern California. This plain lies
between the San Gabriel spur cf the Sierra Madres on the south
and the Tehachapi range on the north. The Colony is on !he north
slope of the San Gabriel range. It is almost midway between
Palmdale, on the Southern Pac;6c, and Victorville, on the Santa
Fe railroad.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is made up of p«aons
who believe in the application of the principles of co-operation
to the widest po .. ible extent. Virtually all of the residents are
Socialists. It is a practical and convincing answer to those who
have scoffed at Socialist principles, who have said that "it won't
work," who have urged many fallacious arguments. In the three
years since it was established, the Colony has demonstrated thoroughly the soundneso of its plan of operation and its theory. Today it is stronger than ever before in its history.
Social life is delightful.
dub,
A band, several orchestras, a dramatic
and other organizations assist in making the sOcial occasions
enjoyable.
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Llano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime, making !hem permanent, conserve
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as possible.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It wit! be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modern, and
harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater privacy
than any other houses ever constructed.
signed especially for Llano.
They are unique and de-
GENERAL INFORMATION
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITIJfiONS
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May 1st. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemploymenl and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their families.
An abundance of clear. sparkling water coming from mountain
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are: Printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop. planing mill, lime kiln,
saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, rabbitry,
gardens, hog raising, lumbering, publishing, transportation (autos,
true:,., tractors), doctors' offices, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery,
fish hatchery, barber shop, baths, art studio, hotel, drafting room,
post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial school, grammar
school, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, two weekly
dances, brass band, mandolin club, orchestras, quartets, socialist
local, soap making, tailor shop.
springs is sufficient to irrigate thousands of fertile acres.
The
climate is mild and delightful, the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, w ith such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the
Colony has grown.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, wa• ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort for the future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools ; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin~ it the largest town in the
Antelope Valley. More than 200 children attend the schools. The
County school and the Colony Industrial schools are both in operation. A new p~blic school will be built for the 1917-18 term.
The Colony owns a ' fme herd of Jersey and Holstein cattle,
100 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over 100 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with two tractors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Duroc-jersey sows gives the Colony thirtyeight registered high-class breeding !uws and two splendid boars, the
nucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pe11s
h•ve been built. Registration will be kept up and the raising of
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
fine Berkshires. and a huge number of grade sows.
The Colony has more than 400 acres of orchards.
Community gardening is successful, and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, wilh expert and experienced men in charge of the different departments.
Llano posse..es more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department expei:b to have several thousand 1 ~~ in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a !hotssand will cost !he Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
\
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
I
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inRexible rules and regulation•
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follow•:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community ohall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not reotrict
the liberty of another.
Law is -a restriction of liberty and is only juot when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be veoted in the Community alone.
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is oufficienl to satisfy a reaoonable deoire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by educarion
is the grft of the Commllnity to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ab;lity entitles none to the false rewards of greater polsessions. but only to the joy of greater service to othen.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with thooe of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION WRITE
Llano Publications, Llano, California
J
�Co-operatioa
Political Actioa
Direct
Ac:tioa
The W-estern Comrade
DeYoted
to •••
·Caase
of
•••
Workera
Entered as second-clan matter November 4th. 1916, at the post ollice at Uano, California, under Ac:t of March 3, 1879.
JOB HARRIMAN
PUBLI
EAOi MONnf AT llANO, CALIFORNIA.
Managillg E.!itor.
..... 7
FRANK E. WOLFE
E.!itor.
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies JOe; dubs of 4 or more (in U. S.) 50c. Combination with u.ANO COLONIST $1.
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VOL. V.
LLANO. CALIFORNIA, AUGUST, 1917.
.Editorials
No.4
By Job Harriman
This war ha~ answered all arguments for preparedness. It
Constantinople falls, the real issues of the world
is answering with the lives of the first-born and the blood of
will stand out in bold relief.
The Ottoman Empire will move its seat of government from the nations. Whoever has believed that preparedness preConstantinople to Turkey in Asia. The Empire will lie ad- serves peace, can believe it no longer. Peace is not the child
jacent to the Bosphorus, the Dardanelles, the Suez Canal, the of shot and shell, but of the deep and genuine affections of
entrance to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. These are the heart. Men will fight if they hate one another but they
the gateways of the world's commerce, and Turkey will still · will first prepare. Men will not fight if they love one another,
hold the key to the situation. She lies so close to these gate- nor will they prepare.
How long would our nation last if each state were armed
ways that she will soon be a menacing power. She is at the
juncture of Asia, Africa and Europe. The gateways between and set against the other? How soon would the conflict arise
if the states were to enter into . interstate treaties? Nothing
these continents are in the palm of her hand.
Each and eYery world power will be jealous of her advan- could more effectively aid and abet civil war than the right
tage. She will yield to none and have no friends among them. of states to enter into treaties. These rights must be governed
The arena of war will be shifted to her fields. The hordes by general law.
So also should treaties between nations be abolished. Inof ·China, Japan and India can land in Turkey by water
through the Persian Gull as easily as the Occidental empires ternational relations should be governed by international law,
and a parliament of the world established.
can arrive on T ui kish soil.
This war will end in a titanic struggle between the Orientals
--o-and the Occidentals to control Turkey with the gateways of
IFFERENCES of opinion in these days of world stress
the world's commerce.
must be expected withi'n the ranks of the Socialist party,
Unless a peaceable adjustment is made before that crisis as well as within the churches, political parties and other
comes, Occidental civilization may go down forever. Our organizations.
Yitality is well spent. Three more years will exhaust the
What attitude should be assumed with reference to the world
Western powers while the Eastern powers will only be ready war will always remain a mooted question among Socialist&
to enter the struggle. The cry for peace without victory will as among other people. These differences will arise not only
then be too late. Peace without victory may be possible now, out of varying conceptions of economic causes, but also out of
but that day will forever pass when war is declared between moral ideals, religious and spiritual attitudes, - patriotic
Oriental and Occidental civilizations.
emotions, and different opinions as to what the war Is all
about. Every phase of every question is being forced into
--:0HE relations between nations are governed by treaties. bold relief and our opinions and convictions must necessarily
.
When treaties fail, nations resort to arms. For this be in a state of flux.
Some of our best members as well as some of the poorest,
reason, all nations are constantly contriving to establish such
treaty relations as will make their combinations more powerful will withdraw from the party, but this is also true of other
tha~ any other possible combination 'th which their interests organizations. In this respect we will s11ffer less than any·other
may conflict. Hence treaties come wi m the modern ·meaning organization in the world that attempt& to assume a position
of preparedness for war.
on the war.
The churches have lost members by tens of thousands. The
The enb're theory of treaties between nations is wrong.
They establish ambitions that lead as inevitably to war as do , really spiritually-minded people ~nilot beiie:e that · this
armaments of nations.
. terrible slau~ter. hitherto unparalleled in the world's history,
l 1 THC::N
VV war
D
T
�Editorial
Page four
can by any theory be excused aurong the followers of the
Prince of Peace. They believe in his life, try to live according
to their convictions, and can not cease to abhor war a'!d its
resultant butcheries of men.
The Democratic party fought untiringly for its candidate
because of his pea:ce policy. Now it is rent asu~der and its
.
forces are scattered to the four winds.
The Republican party is reeking with dissension, some insisting that this country was forced into the war to protect
the interests of .Wall Street, some ·that is was brought about
by the shippers of munitions, some one thing and some another.
The Progressive party has almost altogether disappeared.
The Socialist movement still lives, still weathers the storm,
and is increasing in cohesive force and power as the days
go by. The Socialist party has suffered and will suffer. There
is a difference of opinion in regard to the statement in the
majority report as to the policy to be pursued during the war,
hut not as to the causes of the war. The Socialists the world
over agree absolutely that this war is the logical result of
capitalism . Those who leave the party are no less convinced
of this fact than those who remain. In all other organizations
men differ fundamentally but the Socialists differ only on the
matter of tactics. We do not even differ on the tactics themselves. When the question was put up to the National Executive Committee as to what the members were to do with
regard to supporting mass action against conscription laws,
they refused to give advice but replied that each must act for
himself, act on his own responsibility and take the consequences. This fact establishes beyond the least doubt that
that portion of the majority report was a mistake. Any statement of a policy that cannot be actively supported is a mistake
and a tactical blunder.
Jt is Upol) this one point that We differ from the majority
report. And it is upon this point that the majority of our
differences rest. Upon the philosophy of socialism, imperialism
and almost all war questions, there is substantially no difference. The movement itself is not affected by internal dissension but has grown, and is growing stronger. The form of our
party organization is bound to undergo great changes in its
adjustment to the new conditions but this shows life and
adaptability, not death and dissolution. All organizations
that were in line with the capitalist system are in the process
of decay. · The differences of opinion, the dissensions, and the
warring of conflicting interests and opinions will constantly
increase until final dissolution overcomes them.
The Socialist movement is taking on a new form. It is
just now passing from youth to manhood. It was born in
capitalism, thrived under its persecution and will arise to
power upon capitalism's decay.
-o-
T
HIS world refuses to be rul~y force, but plead~ for love
to be its kin~~:. What service will life withhold from
love? Yet it will begrudge every trifle of service it renders to
torce. Love inspires service. Force inspires resistance.
The Western Comrado
D
EMQCRACY! A wonderful word. Militarism! Equally
wonderful.
One is the child of the people; the other is the child of the
plutocracy.
The one is hull!ble; the other ·is ambitious.
The one is peaceful; the other is belligerent.
The one bears the world's burdens; the other imposes them.
The one loves; the other hates.
The one governs by civil rules; the other by martial law.
The one forgives; the other condemns.
Is Militarism fighting for Democracy or is the world deceived?
Believe this: Democracy will not follow this riot of milital}'
power unless universal hunger sweeps Militarism aside and
opens the way for the human h"eart to function freely in love
and affection.
I
s DEMOCRACY dead
--0----
in America? Whosoever, thinks it is
is counting without his host. It is true that plutocracy has a
grip upon our institutions but it is also true that the American
people have enjoyed large liberties too long to submit to these
sudden suppressions. Freedom has been indulged in so long
in so many respects that it has become a matter of impulse
and instinct. This is the profound fact in American life.
Whosoever undertakes suddenly to crush it is as certain to
meet his Waterloo as death is certain to end the war.
---o--
F
ORTUNATE indeed is occidental civilization that the
crown of Russia has fallen. After it will go the imperialism of Russia. Imperialism of Russia will be torn up, root
11nd branch. Socialism will soon be in full blast there.
Privately owned industries, the foundation of imperialism,
are being transformed into publicly owned industries, the
foundation of elemocracy.
Industries will no longer be operated in Russia yielding
fortunes to the few; but they will be operated by the nation,
yielding comforts to all. It is in fact that the security of
Western Europe lies. Had the Russian crown and imperialism
survived this struggle during another half-century of industrial
development, it is beyond the ken of man to conceive what
might have been crushed beneath its iron heel. But we need
not fear. Every militaristic government is only as powerful as
that portion of power which it has left over and above the
power necessary to hold its discontented element in subjection. ·
Eve!}' militarist ic power confronts the same fact. Within
its bosom are the germs of its own decay. Eve!}' additional
call for soldiers adds to the popular dissatisfaction, reduces
the productive forces, increases the public burden and adds
discontented soldiers to the troops, until finally the arms of the
nation are in the hands of the discon tented, when the crown
falls. The crowns of Germany and England are standing on
the brink of their graves. They are each pushing the other
into their tombs. It remains to be seen what they will drag
after them.
�The Wesler!! Comrade
l 1 JHO are the traitors? Are they the members
VV I. W. W. or the captains of industry?
Editorial
Page five
They have committed no crime. They are being deported
contrary to law by the mine -owners and merchants who are
President Wilson tells the story when he says the shipowners raising prices and lowering wages in violation of the laws of
1
"are doing everything that high freight charges can do to life, .who are. the traitors.
Even though we are content to indulge such commercial
Prices mean the same thing
make the war a failure.
everywhere now,
whether it is the . government that processe's in ordinary times, yet since they have been carried
into this period where they have no proper place it is up to
pays them or not."
Bisbee, Arizona, is suffering from the same fact of which the President to take over-the mines and the storehouses and
the President is complaining. The greed of the industrial, · to see that the men are treated as hu~an beings, not herded
commercial and financial kings is the trouble in Bisbee as and -driven about the state like a drove of cattle. It is hio:h
well as in foreign transportation. The ship owners have raised time that the traitor merchants and mine owners and shippers
the freight rates. There is absolutely no reason for it. This be handled by the government,_and that their great iron jaws
act is as diabolical as the bottomless pit. Their cargoes and and paws be taken from the trough for sure.
The President will $OOn be forced to the necessity of taking
boUoms are insured against loss. The bulk carried is enormously increased. The carrying cost per ton is less than ever over the mines and stores, else the mine owners and merchants
will, by sheer greed, lead this country to downfall and defeat.
before, but the charges are outrageously high.
This fact the President says is "natural enough because the ·
-----<>--'commercial processes which we a re content to see o~erate in
ow China comes clamoring to enter the war. Japan, too,
ordinary times have, without sufficient thought, been continued
is on her way. And India is looking into the West. into a period where they have no proper place.
. We
In this hour of stress will they forget how the occidental
must make prices to the public the same as the prices to the powers proposed their dismemberment only a few years ago?
government."
Will they forget the days of Clive?
There is but one way to make freight prices the same to
Are they coming with the olive branch, oblivious to "The
the public as it is to the government and that is for the Opium Wars" and the "Manchurian Slaughter"? Or is it the .
government to take over, own and operate the business of mane, the lashing of the sides, and the thundering roar of the
transportation in times of peace as well as war. This holds lion of Asia, as it is waking from its centuries of slumber?
good al ike on land and water transportation. The President
--ohad as well tell a rattlesnake to put only a taint of poison
RAPIDLY did events take place immediately prior to
in its fang as to tell a merchant to add only a little unjust
America's entry into the war and since that time, that the
American people seemed to have been psychologi'z ed by their
profit to his charges.
Greed will not listen to the admonitions of the President, very speed. Consc~iption and draft, censorship and suppreshowever just they may be. Greed knows only how to gorge. sion have come, individual liberties have been curtailed or
Gorging increases greed. Greed thrives on land and sea alike. taken away, and there has been no organized opposition.
The mine owners and merchants at Bisbee are as viciously How long will it continue? Even now people are becoming
greedy as are the merchants of the high seas. The prices of surfeited with rising in public gathering~ when the flag is
food in Bisbee are soaring as high as the freight charges on displayed. Will they become tired of bureauocratic governthe Atlantic. The I. W. W. boys must have food if they work. merit? In Europe several good jobs have ~een vacated .by
They cannot buy sufficient food at the present prices with the gentlemen who held them by "divine right." In the United
wages they get. The mine owners refuse to raise wages, and States officials are taking on dictatorial powers and many
the -merchants refuse to lower prices. The I. W. W.'s stand have become petty kings in the· absoluteness of their power.
between the devil and the deep sea; between the merchants Does it prophesy the coming of a new day in this country or
and the mine owners.
is it that the people are just dazed and have not awakened yet?
The merchants and mine owners, in the language of the
--oPresident, "are doing everything that high prices can do to
HOEVER and whatever employs brute force as a means
make the war a failure.''
of survival invites the antagonism of the world. WhoThese boys cannot dig copper witheut food; without copper ever and whatever is gentle and loving invites the affection
we cannot ma ke cannon; without cannon we cannot slaughter and admiration and receives the aid and succor of all.
the enemy. Whether or not we should slaughter them is not
--othe que&tion. The question is: Who is responsible for the
ORCE is the law of death. It possesses the powers of disBisbee strike?
integration. It calls to its aid cruelty, hate, revenge,
The fact is the I. W. W.'s cannot work without food. They tyranny and all things that make for destruction and death.
cannot work without a fair wage.
-<>-OVE is the law of life. It is the only thing that possesses
Who are the traitors?
Why do they not arrest and imprison the strikers?
cohesive power. It calls to its aid reason, patience, forThe aHswer is simple enough.
bearance and all things that make for peace and growth.
of the
N
so
W
F
L
�Page
me
Al»oat Llaao
Llano Getting . on
The Western Comrade
By Robert K. ·Williama
I I
about, but are PRACTICED in the every-day problems of life.
saying unkind and ·untrue things. And others are
"You colonists may think you are comparatively unknown
saying pessimistic things. And some are ·drawing ·and unheard of throughout the United States. If so, I would,
liberally on their imaginations. Perhaps some . are inform you. that ·you are badly mistaken. While coming out
even telling lies.
to the West on my lecture tour, I have been asked by several
But aside from those who are talking fluently for and large argicultural journals in this country to visit the Llano
those who are talking influentially against, there ·a·re others.
del Rio Colony to secure articles for publi'cation on the system
These others are asking questions. They are seeking . in- of food production and distribution practiced at Llano. And
formation. They are neither for n9r against. They have no ·I have been offered for this work many times more than the
previous convictions and co-operation is not a principle with labor to secure the information is worth. Is not that proof
them. They just want to know.
that the eyes of the nation are on Llano?"
1
Mrs. O'Hare saw all of Llano that she had time to see, and
Here is an instance:
Ka te Richards O'Hare came to Llano and told us things asked all of the ques~ions that she could think of. And she
about ourselves that we didn't even suspect. She told us that expressed herself as being pleased-more than pleased-with
she had been asked by three large agricultural publications what "Socialism Applied" can a~;hieve.
to come to Llano to investigat e our system of co-operative
Comrade Phil Wagner made a short address when here and
he, too, saw the big ranch and was pleased with it. Like Mrs.
farming .
That's fame! At least it is one of the stepping-stones to O'Hare, he found many friends and acquaintances here.
fame. It shows that people are hearing about Llano.
Walter Thomas Mi·ll.s surpri'sed and pleased his hearers by
When in Washington, D. C., in June, Comrade Harri- telling them that he had concluded to join the Colony.
ma n sltopped ·off to see a prominent official. He· was granted
Comrade Mills is not without experience in colonization
live minutes of that busy man's time by appointment. When ventures. He has visited Llano several times, has kept himself
the live minutes was up, the official was · so interested in the in close touch with :the project from the first ; and is assured
account of Llano that Comrade Harriman talked for two hours of the success of the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony.
He told his hearers many inlteresting things concerning the
abot.rt Llano.
A governor of a state gave half an hour to listen to an war, the Colony, his personal experiences, and his ambitions
account of Lla no while a crowd waited to hear him speak.
in connection with Llano. Comrade Mills is an organizer of
Men and women prominent in the radical movement, es- wide and recognized ability. He expects to initiate some new
pecially those who believe in constructive methods, want to lines of progress and to extend the influence of Llano in many
hear abouJt Llano.
ways.
Phil Wagner, Kate Richards 0 ' Hare, and Walter Thomas
The same evening, Comrade Job Harriman, just back from
Mills have visited Llano within a month.
the East where he had attended the First Conference for DemAll came without notice. Meetings were held for each of ocracy and Terms of P.eace and had addressed a crowd of
20,000 persons in Madison Square, spoke to the colonists,
~hem, meetings that would have cost from $50 to $100 or
showing the meaning of America's entrance into the war, the
more anywhere else.
Hall rent is free , advertising is no expense and is unneces- measures that are being taken, the reasons for these measures.
sary, music is a social service, and speakers give their ser- He said: "This war may last for years. It is a· question
whether sta rvation or arms will terminate the conflict."
vices freely when they come to Llano.
Kate Richards O'Hare spoke on war in general, but devoted
Had any other community held a meeting with Job
a po.rtion of her time to Llano. And this is what she said:
Harriman and Walter Thomas Mills billed as speakers, with a
"I ·am going <iut to the world and ttell those who are eager band, with a hall· to pay rent for, with advertising, etc., the
to hear ·the message, the story of Llano . I h;;ve something expenses would have been more than $100. Llano heard them
new and encouraging to say. I am going to tell them that out and there was no expense. It is one of the advantages of
here in the center of the great Antelope Valley a band of a living where rent is abolished, where profit is not the incentive,
thousand courageous pioneers has wrested from the grim where the only interest is the interest the people feel in their
· desert a home where the ideals of Socialism are not TALKED community.
EOPLE "'' tolk;,g obout Uooo: Of <OU<>e, """' ""
Left, honey tanks made at Llano to accommodate 191i honey crop; center. Llano bakery products; right, making honey frames.
\
\
�The Western Comrade
Pa~ seven
At.oat Llano
Progress on the Ranch
most interesting phases of Colony activity is the
ONEworkof the
being done in perfecting the tunnel.
This tunnel, begun over twenty years ago and abandoned by
the company undertaking it because of insufficient funds, is
situated about four miles south of Llano on the Big Rock
Creek where the Big Rock road forks to the right to Little
Rock and Palmdale, and 'to the left to Valyermo.
The purpose of the colonists in renewing work on this tunnel
is to secure the underflow of the Big Rock Creek that is now
seeping off into the sands of the desert where it is practically
wasted. The wide bed of the Big Rock Creek is a big sponge
of sand and gravel. By honeycombing the bed from under and
catching the underflow, it is believed that a very valuable addition to the present water supply will have been obtained.
The main tunnel runs north and south, just a trifle northeast
and southwest. It is parallel with the road, running under in
two places. It is 3075 feet in length, has an average width
of five feet and an average height of seven feet. Solid rock
has been tunnelled through almost the entire distance. There
are four air-shafts.
The incline shaft, situated at the south end of the tunnel,
is about seventy-five feet long, is forty feet unde~ground and
has a pitch of thirty degrees. To haul up the gravel and rock,
the Colony's share of the watter in the Big Rock Creek is diverted into a lateral ditch and run down a race the full
seventy-five feet where a water wheel, manufactured and installed by the coloni5ts, is stationed on the floor of the tunnel.
A tremendous power is thus obtained, sufficient to elevate the
cars containing 2000 pounds of gravel and rock to the surface.
At and near the incline five branch tunnels exist. These
branches veer in different directions, all of which go out under
the bed of the creek. One extends probably 500 feet to the
southwest. Two others, fifty feet in lenght, run almost due
sowth. In all of these, bedrock has been penetrated and gravel
reached, so that an appreciable Aow of water is secured.
Another branch, originally started to serve as an additional
tunnel, and running almost due east, will in the future, be
extended up to the damsite 1which is about 600 feet east of
the main tunnel. Definite plans have not yet been arranged
with reference to the construction of the dam , but eventually
the underflow from the damsite will be carried through this
cast branch.
The work of the colonists so far has been that only of clearing away the debris that has accumulated in the abandoned
tunnel for years. As soon as the loose and encumbering gravel
and rock has been removed sufficiently, the further extension
of the branch tunnels will be aUempted. The work was begun
last winter and praiseworthy progress has been made.
A very material increase in the flow of water is anticipated
with the completion of the tunnels under the creek bed. One
of the colonists working in the tunnel recently met the contractor who started the work over twenty years ago. The contractor sta'ted that far out under the bed of the creek is a
sump thirty feet deep, and that two of the branch tunnels run
to it. If, he said, this were reached a very decided increase
in the flow of wa'ter would result. These branch tunnels were
stopped with bulkheads at a short distance from the main tunnel before the work was abandoned. From these bulkheads
the seepage from the gravel bed behind them pours out in a
steady stream of water.
The present flow from the tunnel is about the same as that
in all seasons and is now 130 inches. The limit to the increase
of this underground supply cannot be estimated accurately.
That a very material increase will follow as the tunnels are
pushed, however, is certain.
In addition to the tunnel work, the colonists are now installing a sump in the creek bed at the head of the Hubbard
ditch, about a quarter of a mile north of the mouth of the
tunnel. A small tractor will be used for power with which to
pump.· ·It is expected that the sump will increase the water
supply considerably.
Llano's Social Life
of the most artistically and daintily arranged social
ONEevents
that have occurred in Llano was the wedding of
Miss Louise Valek and John Wesley Irwin, Tuesday night,
June 12. So harmoniously did all the details of 'the marriage
ceremony blend and so exceptional was the ability displayed
Left, Myrtle Kemp, Dower girl; right, Kathryn Miller, bridesmaid; center,
Louise Valek (now Mrs. J . W. Irwin); rear, John Weoley Irwin.
in perfecting the arrangements, that the event deserves incorporation in the monthly ranch story.
When it became known that Miss Louise and Wesley intended to slip quietly away to the city to join their fortunes
by having the knot tied, Mrs. Robert K. Williams conceived
the idea of having the wedding conducted along artistic and
orthodox lines. Both the young people approved the idea at
(Continued on Page 22)
�The
Propacanda
What NeXt ?
TilE trades unions ·have fought for the solidarity of labor for a long time. Still the overwhelming majority of all the workers are unorganized, misled, pitted against .e ach other
and robbed in the same old way.
The co-operative societies have struggled for
solidarity and economy, both in producing and
in buying for a like period, and still the workers are paying more to the plunder of private .monopoly than
they pay for means of life. Unable to consolidate to exchange
their services with each other, they are scattered and robbed
on every hand.
For long years the Socialists have been preaching the doctrine of solidarity, a solidarity which they have approved
in theory but have never been able to achieve as a fact.
The world war has come to disorganize, to confuse and
finally, with one hand to break the power of the trades
unionists, the co-operators, and the Socialists, and with the
other hand, to force industrial solidarity and co-operative
economy as a war necessity.
-~ in g s Not. T_o Do !
Comra·de
By Walter Thomas Mills
The orthodox Socialist has frequently won a debate in proving that the only final solution for both waste and extortion
is to .be found in the political solidarity of the workir.g class .
·but while. they have won the debates, so far, they have never
won deliverance. Whatever may be true of the final solution,
the immediate task is not the final one and mere controversies
about the pr~per ending of the journey cannot help in the
o:vercoming of obstacles immediately before us. Standing
aloof from trade ctmtroversies, avoiding responsibility for co~
operative societies, co-operative colonies, cash buyers associations, have been quite successful in escaping the real burdens
but have not been successful, either in having any share in
immediate progress or in misleading the public to suppose
that the Socialists were not incompetent, simply because in-
Stolen Joys
By E t b e I W i n g e r
What Shall We Do About It~
Staggered at this unexpected turn in things, and disappointed at long delays, still something must be done. Trades
unionists, co-operators, and Socialists have all been struggling
with the same problems- all have been seeking relief from the
same wrongs. They must not now stand still, stunned, confused and silenced.
All'the world over, the dominant political powers have consolidated. The exploiting forces in society as represented by
the various political parties and through these joint organizations, have become a single party as a military necessity in administering war policies, but they have also become a single
party in aggravating and protecting both national and international gamblers in raising prices and in making war on
labor. In the face of this situation, the trades unionist, the
co~operator, and the Socialist cannot consent any longer to
go their separate wa~s. not even with the conviction that they
are separate pat~;1eading to the same goal. No matter how
. these Jllaths may, show on the maps made by the theorists, if
kept separate, hey can lead nowhere except to continued
disappointment.
Weatern
0 Lake De Smet-you thief, with color stolen from
the skyYou nestle smugly unashamed
Beneath Wyoming's snow-kissed hills,
In dreaming .:peace-and so do I.
I, too, forbidden, rashly brave,
Have come to dip beneath your icy wave,
And on your grassy ba~ks, unclothed, unseen,
Except by noisy ducks and chiding gulls,
And flowers nodding on the green;
To lie, and dream the golden hours away.
Your breeze sings by with gentle warmth,
Your sun sends down a throbbing ray.
De Smet! - you thief! your waters stolen from the
skyYou bask here unashamed in dreaming peace,
And so do I.
.
Th~rades un.iomst has accomplished very much, but there
are problems wh;ch cannot be solved by the weapons available,
only in an industrial dispute. The strike and the boycott cannot reach and finally determine the questions involved in
land, transportation, banking and marketing. Other agencies
are available, and these other agencies must be used if labor
is to be completely emancipated or, if even the fruits of the
strike and the boycott are to be preserved.
The co-operators have sought to save the waste of duplication and the extortion of monopoly by voluntary association
in production and in purchase, but no co-operative society
less than the whole country itself acting through the agency
of the government, is sufficient to eliminate waste or to avoid
extortion in the control of natural resources, transportation
or in the great industrial and commercial monopolies. .Their
power as citizens, as well as producers and purchasers, must
be brought into united action.
active in these particulars. Whatever may be true of the final
solution, the immediate task of the Socialist is to render some
vital service in the midst of the immediate difficulties or confess himself without reasonable excuse for his existence.
Wh at Next?
If the above reflections are to be approved, then Jt Js perfectly evident that the hundreds of thousands of people interested in co-operation, the two and a half millions of trade
unionists, three millions of organized fa rmers, and the five
or six millions of people who are ready to give support to the
economic proposals of the Socialists, if freed from the prejudice of sectarian propaganda and the limitations of a partisan
spirit, must get together. · That is next or the next can be
nothing other than the deepening of disaster.
�Page nine
The Western Comrade
Unfair District Representatiqn
ITl
HE Socialist Party has always stood for a just and
proportional system of representation in. the legis-lative bodies of the country. The action of the
- - - - Fresno convention this year is however the first
attempt to really get action in a state-wide campaign for .the
achievement of that object. An initiative proposition is now
being prepared by the committee elected by the convention
and pretty soon the petitions will be in the hands of the membership for circulation.
As a preliminary matter of interest the following facts are
published, showing the injustice of the district system of ele.ctions by the very unequal representation secured by the different groups of voters at the various elections held in the year .
specified.
In 1912 for State Senator the Democratic Party cast I03,328 votes out of 30 I ,345. It elected only four out of th~
twenty-one Senators to be elected; whereas casting one-third
of the vote they were clearly entitled under a just system to
seven Senators. The Socialist party, casti'ng 45,291 votes·
should have been represented by three Senators. But they
had a predominating strength in no single district and were
left utterly without voice in the upper house of the legislature.
The six Senatorships which the Democratic and Socialist
voters were thus deprived of were gained by the Republicans.
This gave the Republican party an overwhelming majority,
16 out of 21, instead of the I 0 they were properly entitled to,
and left the Senate misrepresentative of the will of the people.
In the elections for Assemplymen the same year, 1912, the
Democratic voters got only twenty-five candidates elected,
while if the election had been held under the proportional
system they would have elected twenty-nine. The Socialists
fared still worse. They were entitled proportionally to thirteen:
they elected only one. As in the Senate the Republicans benefited by the unjust district representation system, electing
fifty-four members of the Assembly, thirteen more than a
majority. But their vote was so much less than half that they
were proportionally entitled to only thirty-eight, three less than
a majority. These ligures show how the district system leads
to a direct misrepresentation of the _popular will, giving to a
minority of the voters an overwhelming majority in the legislatu re.
Th~ injustice and unfairness of the district system of representation to the individual voter is seen in glaring colors
in' this election. For instance, 91 ,785 socialist voters are given
only one representative in the legislature, while 272,774 Republican voters only three times more numerous are given
fifty-four times that representation . in the Assembly alone.
The Democrats, a little more than twice as numerous as the
Socialists, are given twenty-five times the representation. Even
so the Democrats with 75 per cent of the voting strength of
the Republicans got less than 50 per cent as much representation.
Turning to the Congressional elections of the same year,
we find the district system inflicting the same inequitable
results upon the electorate. For Congress the Republicans
cast 265,796 votes and elected seven Congressmen; the Democrats cast 196,610 votes, nearly four-fifths of the Republican
vote, but. they elected only three Congressmen, less than onehalf. The Socialists with 104,122 votes elected no one, while
the Progressives with 20,341 votes elected one COngressman.
This shows how utterly unrepresentative of the actual divisions
By C am e ro D
H. KiD &
of the electorate the legislative bodies become under the dis-trict system .of elections.
In · 1914, the inequitable operation of the district system
cannot 'be shown with the same startling discrepancies between
vote and representation because it was a year of poli:tical
confusion. For ·the Sena·te, to which twenty members were to
be elected, there were nine different groupings of electors
res4lting from the endorsement of the same candidate by two
or more parties. Still some comparisons can be made which
show the almost total lack of rela~ionship between the vote
cast by a group of voters and the representation they secured
in the Senate. For instance 79,390 straight Republicans
elected two Senators, while three-eighths that number, 29,564,
Progressives, also elected two. And a group of Republicans
and Progressive numbering 73,747 (more than 5000 less than
the straight Republicans) elected five Senators. Compare this
last group of Republican Progres~ives with the straight Democrats who with 86,463 votes only elected four Senators. Another group of Republicans, Democrats and Progressives
numbering I 0,072, elected two Senators, thus giving to each
voter of this group eight times as much influence in the
Senate as a straight Republican and four times as much
influence as each straight Democrat. 9,942 voters of Republican and Democratic faith elected one Senator; but 39,550
Socialists (four times their number) elected no one.
Such figures show that the district system of representation
is simply a hap-hazard system of misrepresentation. In 1912
the Democrats and the Socialists were the chief sufferers. In
1914 the Republicans find their representation one-half what
proportionally it should be.
In the Assembly elections, in 1914, the Progressives became
the victims-in-chief. They cast 147,762 votes which should
have entitled them to fifteen seats in the Assembly. The district system with ruthless injustice cut them down to seven,
while at the same time, it gave to a combination of 57,196
Republicans, Democrats and Progressives eight Assemblymen.
one more for considerably less than one-half the number of
voters. And Republicans and Democrats . in combination
numbering 42,300, less than one-third the number of Progressives secured al most equal representation, six to the seven for
the Progressives. Of course, whosoever wins, the Socialists
lose. With twice the vote of this last Republican-Democrat
combination they got one-third the representation. They got
t~o Assemblymen when they were proportionally entitled "to
mne.
For Congress in 1914 we find the same old di$trict system
beating the Republicans out of one representative among the
eleveu to which California is entitled. 292,906 Republicans
elected only three members, whereas proportionally they
should have obtained four. 187,704 Democrats, 85,000 less
in numbers, elected as many Representatives as the Republicans. In addition a gro up of 32,5 75 Democrats including a
few Socialists added one more to the Democratic representation. But the straight Socialists, twice as numberous, with
63,215 votes elected no one.
The confusion of returns resulting from the multiparty
grouping behind candidates continued from 1914 to the elections of 1916. And the . inequitable results of the district
system shine through them just as clearly. 67,731 straight
Democrats succeeded in electing two Senators when they
should have had four. A combination of Republicans and
(Continued on Paae 22)
�Fictie•
The Western Com:rada
"For the Length of the Story" .
I"B
By Helen Frances Easley
Y the way, Marion, have you written that story yet?" to dwell on the one-sidedness of the affair.
he was happy
The tone in which the question was asked implied to go about with him, glad when he was glad anJ sorry when
a perfect understanding and good comradeship. It things went wrong for him.
- - - - was between dances and they were seated at the end
Nor did she once allow herself to think that Perry showed ·
of the porch, where they could watch the other guc::sts, and yet her any special attention. His interest in her stories was no
were far enough away· to permit a conversation without fear more than he would have given to anyone else under like
of being heard.
circumstances. Ever since the days of high school themes,
"No, Perry."
he had thought she was clever, and he wanted her to succeed,
The answer was not at all satisfactory. It offered no reason a·n d his "don't forget I'm rooting for you all the time, Marion"
and that was what the man wanted.
liad been a source of never-failing encouragement. But he
"And why not?"
would have said the same to anyone of the other girls whom
"Be£ause I dont know how."
he saw as regularly as he did her. As Alice North had said,
"But you never have had any trouble writing others, why "He was one man a girl could be proud to go about with."
should this bother you?"
And when one of them announced·tha1 she was going to such
"But a love story, Perry! I've never written one of those, and such a place with Perry Bently, she always did it with an
I just can't seem to imagine one," she said as the man laughed. dir of conscious pride that was adorable. There was no silly
"Don't imagine it," he advised. "Such affairs happen sentiment in the attitude, it was merely a friendly tribute, and
every day, can't pick up a paper without running onto a para- no one had ever given it any other meaning.
graph which begins 'One of the most romantic secrets of the
As for Marion, her interest in Perry had not spoiled her
season is just being announced--.' Take one of those, friendship with other men. She had always been a great
Marion, and with all the modern day conveniencies for speed, ravorite, her happy disposition made her so, and if she ever
you ought to fix up a corker!"
tired of being a good fellow, no one ever suspected it.
"But it wouldn't be quite fair, would it, to send some girl's
She rested her hot face in her hands. She was glad that
secret for a lot of people to read?"
she was alone just then. She had gone along happily, trust"Oh, that's a case of 'they should worry,' but if you don't
ingly and suddenly she had been awakened by Perry's advice
like the idea, fall in love yourself, and write your own ex- to fall in love. It hurt terribly, but even at that moment she
penence."
remembered that it might have been worse if it had come
This time the girl laughed, a little tremulously, and fortunlater, and it couldn't last always. There was something stoical
ately blushes are not discenrable on porches dimly lighted by
in her reasoning.
the moon . The soft dreamy strains of a waltz, which the
Suddenly she sat upright. She would pretend ! For the
orchestra had just commenced, seemed scarcely more musical
length of a &tory she would prelend that Perry had fallen in
than that little laugh.
"Why, I must admit that I had never thought of that. But love with her. She would change names and places so that no
what good would it do to fall in love by myself? That one would recognize them, but in her mind, no, in her heart,
wouldn't be any experience. But I'll think about it. Really. it would be Perry's and her love affair. For that little while
Now hurry along and don't keep your partner waiting. I she would be perfectly happy, she would dream and dream
that Perry cared more for her 'than for anyone else and had
haven't this next dance, so I'll stay out here, thank you."
Fall in love! She was already so deeply in love, that it told her so! She would pretend that the two had known
hurt her to think ·of it just now. It had always been called an each other always, just as she and Perry had, and they had
immodest thing to give a love unmasked, and yet, how could always been the' best of friends, only he would be one of those
a person help it, when love insisted upon taking up his abode lovable stupid sort of men who never realize what they want
in one's heart? The more one tried to keep him out the more . until it is almost too late. There would be another man, an
he persisted, and once in, there was no such thing as locking older man, who would pay her enough attention to bring Perry
him in and forgetting his presence.
After all, being in love to his senses. She laughed softly as she considered t his sudden
acquisition of suitors, but it was only for the length of the
did not always mean a great happiness.
And the ma1 .? The man was Perry! There had been only story, the love story she had said she couldn't write. And if
Perry, for a long time, only she had not known it. She had not it was accepted she would tell Perry that he had given her
known that there was anyone. She remembered when his the idea, and he would consider it a good joke. It wouldn't
ftrst real business success had come to him. She had been do any harm, she was sure of that.
The next few days were busy ones. Marion wrote and re~o happy that she cried, even while she called herself a silly
little idiot, but she remembered that no other man's success wrote. considered and re-considered. It was really amazing
had so affected her. and suddenly she knew why. It was be- how the older man improved on acquaintance. She found
that they had a great many tastes in common. He had travcause he was the man, the one man who really counted.
he had not quite decided whether or not she ought to be eled a great deal. in strange countries that were full of stories,
ashamed of her love.
o one would ever need to be ashamed he was interested in the books that she read and altogether
cf being in love with Perry ! Manly and right, he held the he proved to be a very channing addition 'to her circle of
admiration and respect of e eryone who met him socially or friends. Still she couldn't be quite reconciled to his blase air,
in a business way.
o, he was absolutely the sort of a man there was nothing of that about Perry. Then she would
a girl should care for, and as long as no one knew it, it could always remember Perry's eyes and close curling hair. With
not possibly bring sorrow to either of them, and perhaps some- a start she thought of how tiny youngsters with fluffy curly
time everything would come right.
hair had always appealed to her. She drew he~self together
Marion had thought all this vaguely. She had never thought sharply, before it occured to her that for the length of the
l
\
\
\
�The Weolern Comrade
Fiction
story her imagina<tion, her dreams could lead her unrestrained
into all the dear fancies of heart-land. After thai: she would
have to put them away, if she could.
However, the old man continued to be attentive. Marion
had to admit that she admired him, and the family seemed
greatly impressed, all except Martha, the little sister, who
continued to think that Perry was simply the nicest person
she knew. But in the end Perry suddenly discovered that he
was in grave danger of seeing someone else win the girl he
loved, but Marion forgave him his negligence and everything
ended happily. Except that she was rather sorry for the old
man, he had been very, very nice to her.
·
Marion was pleased with her story. It was different from
anything she had ever written. In a way she had lived it,
pa rt of it at 'least, her caring for Perry was no pretense, and
she had so wovc;n the rest around that real part of it, that the
whole story seemed alive. She hoped it didn't seem conceited ·
to have made herself the object of two men's affections, when
in reality there seemed to be no one. That part amused her.
She was sorry when it was fi nished , and yet there was a sense
of happiness that she could not explain. No matter what else
came, that much was hers.
In a months time, the story was accepted, and Marion commenced to wonder whether or not she showd tell Perry. Since
the night of the par•ty the subject had not been mentioned,
although she had seen him a number of times. Yet he would
think it queer if she didn't tell him,' she had never forgotten
before. and he had been just as pleased with each succeeding
bit of success as he had been with the first. -Well, he was coming up that evening, perhaps she would broach the subject,
although her hea rt pounded unme rcifully at the thought of it.
What would -he think! Had she been presumptuous? But then
it was only a story; he himself had suggested the method she
might use to imagine it. She was absolutely sure of his
a ttitude, he would be amused, nothing more, except, of course,
pleased that she had done what he was so positive that she
could do.
When he a rrived that evening she was surprised to find that
the prospect of her confession did not disturb her in the least,
a fter all it was only a story.
"You r emember, don't you, Perry," she reminded him,
" about telling me how I might write that love story? Well,
I did it!"
"Why, I told you to fall in love yourself, did you do that?"
As one- would say of a n actor in a moving picture his face
registered shocked consternation.
"_Oh, not that, Perry," Marion reassured him, quite truthfully, for indeed she had not fallen in love with him for the
sake of writing about it. "I merely pretended and since I
know you so well, and you suggested the idea to me, I thought
you wouldn't mind if I pretended that you were the man, one
of the men, I mea n," she added hastily.
"So there are more than one?" he queried, "a regular
eternal triangle affair?"
There was no sarcasm in the tone, but there was something
that would lead one to suspect that Perry would have been
more pleased if there had been only one man.
"Certainly," she replied blandly. "There are generally two
men in a love affair, especially in a story. The extra one
serves to keep up the interest."
"I see. But go on and tell me the story. I'm anxious to find
out my place."
Mari·on obeyed. It was rather a n interesting little na rrative
and she gave quite a complete outline. The man listened
P"t!e eleven
intently, his expression ~hanged at each turn of the story.
His first comment was .startling.
"Who is the older man, Marion?" he demanded.
"The older man?" she echoed, not comprehending.
"Yes, he sounds like a pretty good sort, reminds me of
Captain West who was here last summer. Marion, tell me,
do you think him as fine as you have him in the story?"
Marion gasped. She had ·utterly forgotten 'Captain West.
He had visited her uncle that summer before and had called
at the house frequently. 'But she had nev~r dreamed that
anyone thought he had come especially to see her. But in
spite of the fact that she had not had him in mind, her description of the old~r man fitted him nicely. Perry seemed to have
forgotten that he ,was the real man of the story. He evidently
understood that he had been put in merely because he was
an old friend and wouldn't misconstrue her meaning. But
the other man, a mJan she had known only so short a time,
that was very different, surely he must have made. a most
·
favorable impression.
Marion laughed hysterically, she was perilously near tears.
"Why, Perry! I didn't think of him once, truly. The older
man isn't anyone, the only real ones a're you and I-" She
said this impetuously and then stopped shortly, she must not
say such things as that, "and ·anyway it was only pretending"
she went on, "perhaps I shouldn't have written ·it, I didn't
·
think. Will you forgive me?"
The man rose. There was a peculiar wearinesr about the
movement that Ma rion had never noticed before. His face
was white a nd for a moment there was a curious expression
that was absolutely new, but he smiled the same old friendly
smile.
"There is nothing to forgive, little gi'rl, and I shouldn't have
spoken as I did, I have no right to pry into your secrets, even
though I have always been your old Perry friend. But I want
to thank you for letting me be the right man for even just
'that little while, it was mighty sweet and I shall never forget
it- "
Suddenly he caught her hands a nd drew her close to him.
"Oh, li'ttle Marion girl, I can't bear to think that there is
any other man. I know you don't think of me that way, but
I guess the story has gone to my head. I'm not as slow or
blind as you have me ·in the story. I've never 'once forgotten
wha t I would give the world to possess. I've been loving you
always. I was going to suggest that you fall in love with me
that night at the party, when you sent me away, .and since
then I have not dared come back to the subject. I realized
then that I had no more claim · on your friendship than the
other fellows. I've been afraid to say a word for fear it might
spoil it all, but I've got to say rl now, no matlter what happens.
Do you think--"
He got no farther.
Marion was sobbing in his arms. She knew it was a happy
cry, the same as the one when she had found out herself, so
long ago, where her heart belonged, but he had no way of
knowing it, so one hand crept up against his cheek, confidingly, lovingly.
"Why, Perry, I didn't pretend myself in that story," she
whispered, "that has been real for oh! so long. I just P.retended you, because I love you!"
As he stooped to kiss the lips so near his own he said somewhat unsteadily,
"And how long is this story going to last?"
Together they repeated the promise.
"Forever and ever, Amen!"
�Page twelve
Maaic:
Why Not Ragtime? .
--~ HERE · is a growing tendency among people to ignore
T
ithe higher music, and cling alrno~t exclusively to
the lower forms well typified by what is commonly
- ·--. termed "ragtime". Some otherwise ·intelligent persons have eve·n gone so far as to assert that ragtime is superior
to what is known as classical music. A friend ·once remarked
that .the merits of music were not to be judged by the difficulty
with which one must render it or the number · of harmony
combinations which it possessed, but by its · power to move
and incite to action its hearers. He further argued that at a
Fourth of july picnic, a political convention, or in an army
marching to war. a few lively selections of ragtime would do
more toward filling men with 'enthusiasm than the compositions of all ihe Wagners and Verdis lumped together.
.
As this view seems to be prevalent universally, I will
endeavor to shed some much-needed light on the subject.
First, I will give the reader a few definitions that he .may
understand clearly any terms or words that may subsequently
be used:
Music- The art and science of expressing emotions
through the medium of tones so arranged rythrnically and
melodically, as to produce a satisfactory effect upon the ear.
Classical-A term applied to music of sufficient merit to
bear repetition- standing the test of time, because of purity
in form and structure. Not necessarily difficult.
Measure-Two or more regularly recurring pulsations,
~epresented by a space between two bars.
Rhythm-The divi·sion of musical ideas or sentences into
regular portions. The swing of a selection.
Syncopation-The unequal division of time or notes or
tones ; an artificial accent which is usually followed by the
natural rhythm; or, music having measures with displaced
accents- five or six different kinds of forms. Ragtime is
the lowest fonru of syncopation.
Ragtime-The cheapest form of syncopated music, because of its appeal to 'physical action of little value.
Good 1music is not necessarily complex in its harmony
arrangements. Some of our choicest music is exceedingly
simple and easy to render. The Welsh melody will live forever. Auld Lang Syne, America, Onward Christian Soldiers,
Sweet and Low, with scores of folk-songs and hymns, will be
sung many generations ·later than the best ragtime ·selection
yet to be written.
A great many of our songs and hymns are but excerpts from
the ·works of the masters of tone.
The difference between the good and the bad in music is
the difference between an audience (order) and a mob (disorder). It is not difficult 'to incite a mob. ·A mob is easily
moved. Ragtime will do it.
As I was once much interested in politics, I will concede
that my friend was right in stating that ragtime Is best for
political conventions. Representatives from 'all classes are
there, ·especially the "mob", the saloon gang, the "wardheelers," "job-hunters." the "mentally and morally ragged."
Give them rags! I have never heard of anybody corning
away from a political convention any more refined than before
going In
The "good book" tells us that we are prone to wander. We
are likely to do this on sprees and holidays. It is when we are
a little naughty or when we start to wander that some of us
like "rags".
As ragtime is less than twenty-five years old. it is certain
The Western Comrad~
By Professor A. G. Wahlberg
that the Army ·of th~ Republic did not use it in the Civil War.
It played and sung "When Johnny Comes Marching Horne
Again," ''just Before the Battle," "Battle Hymn of the Republic,'~ "Marching Through Georgia," and a. number of other •
melodies writiten by George W. Root. · These with the national
airs ~ere used, and none of them constitutes ragtime. In the
Spamsh-Arnerican War; ·the bands did play "There'll Be a Hot
Time" whlle. capturing a city. This was · probably justifi;;lble
under the Circumstances because of the sentiment and the
consequent fulfi\lrnent.
People ignorant in the structure of music rhythmically and
melodically are likely to confound popular and other fleeting
music with ragtime. "I Love You, California" cannot be classed as ragtime as there are but four syncopated measures in
it. It is a popular song with a poor text and cheap musical
structure. Adverti,ernent and the 'sentiment have kept it alive.
One s.eldorn he.ars it now: ...J:ip~rary" is not ragtime, for
there 1s not a smgle syncopated id[asure in it. It was written .
by Americans and was a failure as a popular song until made
famous by British bands who played it in the European war.
The national airs and melodies are the ones which inspire
on the battlefield, where men are dying-not ragtime.
Ragtime was introduced in, by and through, the "Minstrel
Show" where in song and dance, the singers and dancers
would, so to speak. "take off" the negra----:the emotional darky
- with gestures and movements far more rude and uncouth
than cultured and refined. Out of these experiences carne
"ragging" and nearly all low dances of the modern dance hall.
The difference between the good and the bad in music is also
the difference between aestheti'c and "rag" dancing.
Music is buih upon rhythm. Rhythm came out of the
dance. . G. Stanley Hall has said tha,t one reason for the fact
that ragti'me is holding the attention of the musically untrained
is due to the fact that the most successful ragtime numbers
have short motives or phrases. The elemental mind cannot
grasp much. Another has said \that the difference between
the good and the bad in music is identical with the difference
between some of our modern writers and Shakespeare.
An argument against ragtime is its short life, for we find
that even its proponents tire of it. A ragtime selection seldom
lasts more ·than a single season .
In conclusion, ragtime appeals to the limbs or the animal
side of human nature. In it, there is no appeal to the heart
or the intellect. Good music requires an intellect for further
understanding; consequently all without culture or an ' intellectual understanding of music are not touched by good music.
The music which will stand an intellectual analysis, which
appeals to the highest motives within us, which touches the
heart as well as the head-that which is spiritual- will remain.
--oA poor man is ever at a disadvantage in matters of public
concern. When he rises to speak, or writes a letter to his
superiors, they ask: "Who is this fellow that offers advice?"
And when it is known that he is without coin they spit their
hands at him, and use his letters in the cook's fires. But if
it be a man of wealth who would speak or write or denounce,
even though he have the brain of a yearling dromedary, or a
spine as crooked and unseemly, the whole city listens to his
words and declares them wise.- Li Hung Chang.
--oA good m,an never makes a good soldier. The soldier is
nothing but a legalized rnurderer.-Napoleon Bonaparte,
�The Weatern Comrade
r-=-m
Edac:atioa
. Montessori~What "It Achieves
announcement made recently by the San Diego
Montessori Association that Dr. Maria Montessori,
j
founder of the Montessori system of education, .would
- - - conduct a summer class for teachers at San D1ego 1s
one of the most notable ever made in educational circles.
This will be the last appearance of Dr. Montessori in the
United States for several years, as large classes await her in.
struction in many countries of Europe.
The elementary courses, as well . as the courses in subprima ry work will be included in the summer course. The
former deals with the teaching of children from the sixth year
until they are ready for high school instruction. The institution of sever-al demonstration schools to exemplify the practicability of the Montessori method is a feature of the course
offered.
Dr. Maria Montessori is perhaps the most inspiring figure
in the educational world. An understanding of her work and
methods is essential not only to teachers and students and
parents, but to all who profess to be versed in the social
sciences. Originally appearing as the apostle of a system of
education purporting to sharpen and develop early the faculties of the child, she now leads a great movement having for
its goal race improvement-individual, biological and social.
Hers is no freakish . .fanatical philosophy; its value is permanent and indisputable, because all its theories have stood the
test of science and reason, and its methods proved successful.
Dr. Montessori is a physician, a scientist and a pioneer in
the field of education. She began her phenomenal career in
the educational world in Rome by conducting experiments
with mentally deficient children. Observing that her methods
restored imbecilic children to sanity, she proceeded upon the
hypothesis that an elaboration of the same system could be
used successfully with normal children. Experiment proved
her assumption to be correct.
The gist of the Montessori method is the careful watching
of children so as to assist in the spontaneous development of
capabilities or special faculties which they may possess. Dr.
Montessori believes that the old conception of discipline confuses. inaction with ·demeanor. In her method, liberty is allowed the child, and the child is encouraged in using his liberty profitably through the study of interesting, absorbing
things. Learning is done ·by DOING and DISCOVERING.
The efficacy of SUGGESTION rather than a series of nagging
orders has been proved. The ideal of Dr. Montessori is to de. velop the WHOLE child-ALL his faculties and proclivities.
Careful attenition is giv~n to bodily strength, knowledge of the
practical necessities of life, keenness of all the senses, accurate
muscular control, intellectual education and moral and spiritual growth. It is a remarkable fact that. notwithstanding lhe
broad field here covered in the instruction of the child, the
children learn the rudiments of reading, writing and computation much earlier than children trained with the old method.
Prudence Stokes Brown, founder of the Montessori school
in Llano, and who took special courses under the instruction
of Dr. Montessori, is one of the most experi·enced and successful teachers of the new method. She has the following to
say concerning the Montessori system:
"Instead of the old idea that children are instinctively bad
and disorderly, Dr. Montessori has proved that .the normal
child is instinctively good and loves order, beauty and work.
To that end, she has established the children's houses, laboratories where children are left free in their work. All disorder
T
I "I ,
is eliminated, but that activity which is good is left, the most
complete liberty of manifestation. Adults often stigmatize
as evil in the small child that which annoys them, when he.
is only seeking self-expression. He rebels, and is called
'naughty,' but give him the means of self-expression, and rebellion is noticeably absent."
The Montessori ·school which Mrs. Brown now teaches is
a,· fascinating study in child psychoilogy. Here the infant mind
is seen to unfold, expand and flower with startling rapidity.
A mother visiting the school, 1noticing a child carrying a
tall, pink pyramid of blocks around and . around the veranda,
asked, "lsn'·t that a waste of time?" "By no means," returned Mrs. Brown, "Note the poise he has--note the sense
of balance, his steadiness." Mrs. Brown continued, "The poise
Louis has is due to the training in· carrying that pyramid and
walking on a line to Islow music, carrying a glass of colored
water. Children love beauty, and so we appeal to this -taste
by providing attractive surroundings." The visitor noted that
the whole porch 1 where the children studied was indeed
picturesque with the many bits of statuary and ornaments
artistically placed.
William, Helen and Majorie .were seated blindfolded at a
table putting various geometrical insets into 'spaces provided
for them. The visitor tried to show Marjorie where to place
one. The child said, ,"Please don't show me, I want to do it
myself," and William contributed, "That wouldn't be ·f air."
When asked how reading and writing were taught, Mrs.
Brown led the visitor to a 1room adjoining the porch in which
was a low blackboard. Here was Marian Rode, aged four,
blindfolded, feeling some large sandpaper letters on white
cardboard. She would1raise the blindfold and carefully make
the letter on the board as nearly like the sandpaper letter as
possible. Marian was learning and at 'the same time enjoying
herself.
The visitor asked a mother who came to get her two children
whether the school helped in the .disciplining of the children
at home. "Indee&it does," replied the mother. "Mary Louise
is much more adaptable and considerate than she used to be
and helps in serving and washing the dishes. And ElizaQeth:
who is only two years and three months old, dresses and
undresses herself even to buttoning and unbuttoning her shoes.
In fact, the home is where this training shows, and I try to .
carry out ·the Montessori ideas in the children's live.s ."
It is hoped that as many teachers as possible will take the
course offered in San Diego by Dr. Montessori. A large number have' already arranged to attend the summer school, letters
of inquiry having been receivedlfrom all over the state of Caliifornia. It is to be regretted. that mothers cannot secure thi·s
instruction direct from Dr. Montessori at this time, but in the
near future competent instructors will be available for all those
desiring to learn the method.
1
~
Your republic will be as fearfully plundered and laid waste
by the barbarians in the twentieth century as the Roman
empire was in the fifth, with this difference, that the Huns and
Vandals who ravaged the Roman empire came from without,
and that your Huns and Vandals will have been engendered
within your own country and by your own institutions.Macaulay.
~
He that would be no slave must have no slave.-Lincoln.
�Page fourteen
What Shall We Do to Be Saved?
r-.
The Western Comrade
s,
John Dequr
is my humble opinion that this question was origin- tremely ignorant men. Mentally almost an equivalent of the
ally asked in an economic and not theological sense. people they deal with, and all I could hear was bluster and
It was to the early Christian a question of vital, pres- brag ahout the laws they had passed or caused to pass, that
- - - ent and not posthumous i:mportanee. What shaU we legalized the fines they put on death. They didn't call it
do to be saved? Surely it was not the f~r of hell hereafter vandalage,- piracy, robbery-no, no-these are ugly word&.
that inspired the question. No, not the fear, but the realization They offend the taste of the living who will some day be deac.l.
of hell on earth in the form of Roman aggression upon their They call it business when they work to legalize processes by
ancient liberties troubled them. It was the burden of militar- which they make i't financially impossible for u.s to die decently.
ism that ate like a canker into their economic .substance and ·They do this through force of organization. And so we find it
their social life, that threatened to reduce . them to an ever · everywhere. Those who are organized drive those who are
lower peonage, that caused the cry: "What shall we do?" Not unorganized from the field through their collective power.
"What shall we talk?" Not "What shall we read?" But Those who are organized, not to talk but to get or keep, are
straight from the shoulder "What shall we do?" "What is to happy, well-fed, well-clothed, highly respected, well-washed
be accomplished?" Thus they banded themselves together and unjailed. They are saved now. They have their salvation
and we are told that there were none amongst them that here. Because you are unorganized to get, to make and to
wanted, for they had all things in common.
keep, you are underfed, misclothed, unhoused, unwashed, and
Now I am not writing this as a sermon on the virtues of unrespected, frequently jailed. You are so helpless that you
the ancient Christians. I am rather writing it in an attempt cannot do anything but work for them who are organized tc
to awaken the slumbering social consciousness to action in a take the product of your toil. Hence, like ancient Christenphysical as well a,s an intellectual sense. I am a conv:ert_ t? the dom, you cry out, but not "What shall we do?" Your refrain
propaganda of the deed. Not petit larceny deeds of mdivJdual is "What shall we believe to be saved?" "What shall we
sabotage but broad, constructive deeds that lead to fuller an? read?'' "What shall we vote?" And "How moral should we
freer and nobler life. It is deeds, not creeds we need. It Js be?" But whenever anybody says, "Let us do," then resocial action in our own mill amongst the purple ranges of echoes the refrain from the unorganized :·It can't be done."
the Sierra Mad res. To cut our own trees for our own dwellMany of our so-called scientific Socialists seem to be still
ings that sleep in the shimmering sunlight at the edge of the looking for a mystical deliverance, hoping to be taken into
valley. To awaken a consciousness that will cause eart~ to the co-operative commonwealth in white linen bandages, withflower our collective soil with our collectively owned machme. out work of any member of the body except the jaw. The
to reap the grain with collective hand and collectively enjoy word has become flesh. The man who denies the power of
the products of mountain, plain and stream, made useful to co-operation in the face of co-operative success in many parts
the need of man by the social labor of class-conscious work. of the world is simply an economic spook-artist who tries to
That is the action that counts in rearing the great temple of make himself believe that he can orate himself out of hell.
life from its foundation stone of bread to its turrets and min- Then he makes fun of the priest who tries to mumble a soul
arets of joy, laughter and song. Things done are things won. out of Purgatory which, according to tradition, is only half
Generally speaking we are as lost now as were the Romans as far down. Some consistency! We are told that only
of the first century. Augustus Rockefeller, Caligula Morgan, material things count. Economic determinism, materialist conCrassus Carnegie and Caesar Wilson today encroach upon ception of history, material interest are continually talked
our liberties, today are preparing armies for the destruction about but when we suggest tha:t we go to the land and do
of the Jerusalem of our boast,-Free Democracy. Interest, material things, "You ain't orthodox." They talk of Direct
rent and profit, taxes, special assessment, are now driving the Acrion, but when you advise action-horrors! it always
widow from her cot ond throwing orphans on the street; are failed! Thus many of our Socialists, including the Executive
causing the small farmer to vanish from his estate into the Committees of some large states, give to our materialistic philpeonage of renting. Concentrated capital is driving the little osophy a very theological interpretalrion. It is ·s urely not
shop-keeper from his bench, the little store-keeper from the economic, for the science of economics deals with the managemart. On goes the merry march of organized power, of organ- ment of industrial affairs, and in that our theorizers are "heap
ized might, strictly legal,--capitalism is long on legality-it much" deficient.
· always makes a law before it commits a crime, to sanctify
The theologian says: "Believe my creed and you shall be
that particular crime. Never do anything unlawful; be sure ~aved." The mere political propagandist says: "Vote the
you have the law on your side; that costs money and to gel ticket and doughnuts will fall like April showers" and then
money you must be organized either to retain your product they have the brass to abuse the sound sense of mankind
or to skin Henry; never be lawless; legalize your acts before when they are laughed a't.
you commit them. I attended a conference of doctors, memIn answer to the question: "What shall we do to be saved?"
bers of the Medical Association, organized for the benefit of the Co-operator makes this reply: "Organize with your comthe sick-Rats! They openly boasted of the laws they had rades; pool your resources; operate you own industries; eat
secured for the safety of the people,-Huh? Oh, no; to keep and wear the products of your own toil; cease paying comout competing schools; to control the great art of dopeology mission for the privilege of existence; organize for deeds and
in the hands of the association. They read a paper on public let creeds take care of themselves."
health, but if public health were well taken care of how would
At Llano we are doing the social deeds; are supplying the
the learned doctor pay office rent? The medical associations social needs; are forgetting the soul-sickening creeds ; are
have thus made laws or had laws made to protect their in- being saved from the worries and annoyances incident to
terests and their interest is the disease and not the health of working-class life; and above that, we vote the ticket of our
the community. I visited a convention ·of undertakers,-ex- class; We labor for the greater political I democracy•
�The Wutern Comrade
Fires of Love
TWILIGHT EMBERS.
. - - HAT a riotous profusion of thoughts comes to you
while watching a fire! In the orange flames, now
flickering, now leaping, now dying to a red glow, you
can see faces and friends. 'Memories of the long ago
come back in that magic light; visions of the mysterious fut-· ·
ure shape themselves into the little golden tongues of twisting
brightness; and into your half-consciousness comes creeping
all the dim, intangible fears and hopes which slowly form into
hazy reveries as you sit enchanted. And love-love, too,
appears before you, and for a while you dr_e am.
W
THE HOUSEHOLD HEARTH.
You think of those with you, sitting around the fire-place,
and a warm gratitude steels over you, remembering the affections of mother and father and sister and brother. How constant is the love among members of your family! -so unchangeable that at ;times you almost forget that it is there,
ready to come to the foreground when loyalty and help are
needed. It is just a comfortable, satisfying love that envelopes
you in its steady warrnth-always ready when called upon,
always unobtrusive when other matters are given precedence.
How well it is typified by the fire on the household hearth!
- which furnishes the heat for the living-room, and gives a
cheerful warmth without advertising the source. Yet, if you
wish, it is there for closer communion, always silently inviting
you to bask in its radiance. What a sense of security and
peace there is in the fire of the home! How joyfully you
come back to it again after every absence! Yet it does not
crowd out the pleasure in some of the other fires you likeand recalling this, to these others your thoughts begin to drift.
THE CAMP FIRE.
What a grateful memory there is of the fires built as you
spent the evening in the Out-of-Doors! Tired and cold from
the long day's journey, with what a welcome the crackling
flames received you! They flavored the meals you cooked
with savory smoke; and after you had refreshed your body
with food and warmth, they afforded your mind food for
thought and stimulated sweet recollections of other days.
After banking the coals with wood for the night, you slept,
basking in the glow. In the morning you awoke, revived mind
and body, and broke camp, eager to be off, yet'looking regretfully at the dying embers. The fire had fulfilled its mission,
a nd, having taken of its cheer, needing it no more, you left
it forever.
So with some of the friends you met in the hustle of life's
activities. You greet them for a time, and appreciate sincerely
their frienship. But when new places and new condttions call,
anxious to find these new experiences, you hasten away. It
is not without a feeling of ' sadness that you leave those who
had brightened your path as you passed. Yet you must bid
farewell, knowing that the pain of parting will gradually
change into a happy memory.
THE FOREsT FIRE.
You have seen other great fires out of doors, infinitely
larger than the camp-fire. On !s.ome glorious day of lnc.ln
summer, you became aware of an increasing haziness along
the timbered hills, and later you scented the delicate aroma
of wood-smoke. The distant atmosphere became -grayer and
bluer. a.nd then, above tthe hills, you could see the gray almost
imperceptibly ble.11ding, with the sky. Thicker and whiter grew
By Et h e I Wi n g e r
the smoke, and ·as you approached, the pines were lost in its
clouds. Suddenly, the fire leaped out, and .instantly before ,
you were miles .of burn.i.ng forest. The waves of flames
mounted to ·a mighty ·conflagration. The fire tore through the
trees. It mowed down everything in its path. It mocked with
crashing his5es all attempts to quench it. The roar resounded
and reverberated through !the canyons. For days the fire
raged-until the fuel failed. For a long time the smoke
lingered, and when the last coals died, nothing was left but
barrenness and desolation. Those hillsides would always bear
marks of the conflagration, but some day, in places where the
decaying logs and impenetrable underbrush had been cleared
away, more trees will ·be planted, and once again the green
pines will lift their tops to the star~.
Such a fire is the love qf lovers. Coming gradually, it is
scarcely noticed before tt gets a permanent stronghold, when it
Many such spots as this are within easy reach of Llano residenll
carries all in its path. It is irresistible. And then, if it is
dc:J:eJ the food on which it is fed, it will die out, leaving
only ruin in its place. But if the sple.ndid loyalties and affections were destroyed, so were the impenetrable prejudices, the
decaying monotonies. And some day, on the ·old ruin, may
be planted seeds where new ideals, endeavors and new love
may grow unhindered.
THE FIRES OF THE INFINITE.
How differently magnificent are the fires of the sky!
The gentle evening sta·r ·that oomes with the tWJ1ight, so
&teady in its sublimity, so sweet in its beauty, fills us with
reverence as v;e gaze. Its quiet radiance, broken by a faint,
faint twinkle of rosy color,. brings us peace, and dispels, the
weariness, the disappointment or the pain of the day.
(Continued on Page: 22)
�.
The Weotern Comrade
Page oixteen
Was Schmidt Guilty?
(This is the fourth installment of_ Comrade Harriman'• address in the trial
of the Los Angeles Times dynanutmg cases.]
----- ~TIE McMANIGAL met Hockin at Muncie, and there
they arranged to, and did, purchase and ~tore. the first
0
I bit of dynamite that the Iron Work~rs Umo1_1 ever
- purchased or owned. It was stored m. a music box
in a cottage at Muncie, Indiana, where McMamga~ went for
his supplies. Feeling that the place was not suf!ictently ~on
cealed, he suggested that his supplies should be stored m_ a
more isolated quarter. He accordingly moved the dynamtte
from Muncie to an old isolated cooper shop at Roches~er,
Pennsylvania. Feeling now that all was ready, the executiOn
of the campaign of destruction began.
.
However far away, whether in Boston, New York, Peona,
Salt Lake or wheresoever, the dynamite necessary for t~e work
was taken from the cooper shop at Rochester. E~ch ttme, _he
said, he returned to the cooper shop and went hts way wtth
.
.
his deadly missile.
Neither he, nor anyone else, ever got any_ dynamtte or 21tr~:
glycerine at any place, at or near ~ny pomt,_ where a JO?
was done, nor did they get any mtro-glycenne or dynamite
.
except from the cache at Rochester.
This also is consistent with the secret methods which McMa nigal, on cross-examination, said they always and everywhere employed.
.
.
Not only did McManigal get the mtro-glycenne that he used
from the cooper shop, but he said tha t ] . B. McNamara also
.
got all he used from the same cache.
It will be remembered that J. ]. McNamara and McMamgal
found faulth with Hockin for appropriating some of the cash
that should have been paid to McManigal for the jobs that_he
claims to have done. This altercation resulted m removmg
Hockin from the field. Naturally Hockin became angry and a
short time thereafter the cache of dynamite at the cooper shop
was discovered. Suspicion, of course, was cast upon J-:lockm
by those familiar with the plot, but at that time no evtdence
was at hand.
Another quantity of nitro-glycerin~ was pu~chased and
deposited by McManigal in a cinder-ptle near Ptttsburg. . It
was from this cache, he testified, that he took ·the mtsstle With
which he destroyed the building at Peoria, Illinois.
.
Some time after the job at Peoria ·was done, McMan!gal
testified that he was riding with ] . ] . McNamara from lndiai_Iapolis to Ohio, when McNamara discovered the mark Peona
on McManigal's shoes. "What do you mean by leavmg that
mark on your shoes? Take it off at once. ~hey could trace
you by that back to Peoria." Again we see With what secrecy
they governed themselves.
Sho!1tly after the cache was placed in the cinder-pile, McManigal said he was followed across the bridge _and down to
the place wher_e the cache was placed. He clam~ed to have
reported this fact to J. ]. McNam~ra, and that he tmme~tately
ordered all the nitro-glycerine to be brought from the cmderpile to his vault in Indianapolis, and McManigal claims to have
done the transportation. The cache was placed there because
McManigal said they thought it would be the last place where
any one would think of looking for it.
·
Again Hockin was ' suspected of treachery but no evidence
was then in hand to support the suspicion. Later, however,
it appeared that Hockin had, as L~ey suspected, turned traitor
and delivered them into the hands of the enemy.
It must be remembered that McManigal testified that he
never met but two men who were not members of the Executive Board1of the Iron Workers. One of these men was Smith
of Peoria, Illinois. ~rue,~ .teStified that he_ met Webb of
New York, but you will r~ber that Webb ts a member of
the Executive Board.
McManigal's testimony in regard to Young of Massachusetts
is not true. It is inconsistent with the methods employed, inconsistent with the secrecy that the success of the enterprise
demanded, and whicli ·was being strictly observed. McManigal
said he went to see Young, tha:t Young took him to the opera
house, then being built by non-union labor. and told him where
he wanted the )dynamite placed. That Young then departed.
and that he, McManigal, went for his infernal machine. That
two watchmen paced to and fro in front of the opera house.
meeting midway, ·then turning their backs each towards the
other, they walked in opposite directions. That while their
backs were turned toward each other, he slipped in between
them, placed a shot under the stairs, and slipped out again and
went on his way.
The fact is that J. ]. McNamara, by means of correspondence always learned what buildings were in trouble and
where they were located. McManigal received from him and
Hockin all ·instructions. This was done in order that McManigal should not meet anyone, union or otherwise, in any
city where he went. As a matter of fact, no one in any city
knew who was guilty of the job, and not a footprint or trace
was left behind. If he saw Young at all it was as a mere
stranger who inquired for a certain opera house. Young
might have told :this stranger where rt was located, and if
McManigal paid his carfare, possibly he went with him to the
place, without ever suspecting the man to whom he was rendering his 1services. Then they parted and McManigal, ~till
under cover and free from suspicion, skulked back to the
station and got his ten quarts of nitro-glycerine, a fearful
engine of destruction. This time he testified that he left it Ill
the depot with the parcel department. Sometimes he checked
it with the hotel clerk. This 'tender-hearted father and 38caliber winged angel, said he was sufficiently thoughtful to tell
them not to drop it. that they might break some•thing. It
was thoughtful of him indeed. I can see him now with h:s
iron wings · folded, going afoot through the narrow streets of
Boston, with his infernal machine in hand. to do his work ol
destruction, wh'ile Young lay peacefully slumbering without a
thought of suspicion in hi51 heart. only to wake on the followin g
morning to be suspected with the rest of the union men of il
crime of which they knew absolU'tely nothing.
This is the only method by which they could have carried
out their secret schemes for three successive yea rs. The same
sta te of facts applies to Smith of Peoria. McManigal did
not da re tell Young or Smith or anyone else in any place, what
his mission was. The secret could never have been kept by
such childish methods. No one knew nor could have known
what was being done but a part of the Board and McManigal
and J. B. McNamara. The proof of this is found in the testimony of the expert accountant (Mr. Cook) who told you who
received and disbursed a certain fund which amounted to
about eighteen thousand dollars. The accountant told you
that the money was paid to Hockin, McNamara, Ryan and
Webb, all members of the Executive Board; that Clancy received sixty-eight dollars and fifty cents all told. and that
Butler, also a member, received only fifty dollars. It is altogether improbable that. Clancy and Butler knew anythiag
whatever of the campaign.
�The We -s tern Comra .d .e
It is true that Clancy called for Hockin to come to the coast.
Hockin h.a d been in the field organizing, and Clancy thought
he was the m~st desirable man. But Hockin did not come.
He sent Mr. Berry of St. Louis. The man who was acting
in secret in the field was also sent without the knowledge of
Clancy.
Ryan. Hockin, j. j . McNamara .and Webb-these f~;>ur with
McManigal an d J. B. McNamara in the field doing the work,
knew and kept the secret. If you will only look the facts in
the face you will see that it could not have been otherwise.
Place yourselves in the same position, conducting the same
kind of a fight with the same methods. Would you have permitted anyone, however near to you, to have known what you
were doing, excepting those who were absolutely necessary
in order to successfully carry on the undertaking ? I submit
that you wo uld not, and I submit th at they did not. And the
testimony of McManigal to the contrary, concerning Young
and Smith was perjured for the purpose of lending color to
the theory of the prosecution, namely, that the conspiracy was
nation-wide.
We are not justifying the methods employed. In my judgment it was an ins a ~· '! policy.
But th ey were dri ven into a corner. McManigal suggested
th e plot. It seemed to them that it would work. They kept
it a secret among themselves. Secrecy was necessary. Had
such a pol icy been known to the organization it would have
crea ted greater consternation than defeat. The men in the
various cities never knew it and never co uld have known it.
The movement wo uld not stand for it, and did not stand for
it, and neither the orga nizers of the locals in the various cities
knew it or would stand for it. When the McNamaras pleaded
guil ty the defense funds that were pouring in from all over
the cou ntry stopped instantly, and the defense, both in Indianapolis and here, has been a poverty defense ever since.
The forty men who were convicted in the East had practically
no funds with which to fight . You have heard the worst of all
the testimony that was offered agai nst them. I submit that
there is not sufficient evidence to convict so many men. The
evidence would probably cover those whom I have named but
it would not go beyond.
The theory of the prosecution is that the campaign was
nation-wide, and that practically all the leaders of the labor
movement are involved. It is upon this theory that they would
have us believe that the lockout in Los Angeles in 1910 was a
part of that plot and scheme. In order to confound the
evidence and to con fuse your minds, they first offered evidence of what happened in the East and then of what
happened in the West, thus constantly oscillating between the
East and West like a shuttlecock, as though that would connect the two struggles. Of course, there was a struggle in the
East. Everyone admits that. There was also a struggle in
Los Angeles in 1910, but they were as distinct and separate
from each other as the business affairs of the city of Los
Angeles are 'separate from the business affairs of the city of
Indianapolis.
The only threads by which they have endeavored to tie
these two struggles together are the trip of j. B. McNamara
to the coast and a letter and check of a thousand dollars sent
to 0. A. T veitmoe.
I shall take up first the matter of J. B. Bryce, and second
the check that was sent to Mr. Tveitmoe.
McManigal lf:esti1i.ed that he and J. B. McNamara were assigned to do some work together in Cleveland, Ohio. That
j. B. McNamara was so secretive that he refused after the
first trip to go again with anyone. That when he left Indianapolis for the coast he had .two suit cases. That j . B.
McNamara told him that one had clocks and batteries, but that
he would not say what the other contained. That it was
heavy. That he (McManigal) had two valises full of nitroglycerine, one being for a job at Omaha, Nebra~ka , and the
dther for a job in Wisconsin. That they went on the train
from Indianapolis to Chicago together, but that J. B. McNamara would not talk. This is further evidence of the
secret methods employed. If they would not talk to each
other regardin g their enterprise Is it reasonable to believe that
j. B. McNamara would talk to strangers on the Pacific coast?
We are told by McManigal that j. B. McNamara came direct
to Los Angeles from Indianapolis, and the registers of hotels
have been produced in this court to support that statement. If
that is true, and if the Los Angeles Times was blown up with
dynamite, then the stuff that McManigal says j. B. McNamara
brought in his valise from Indianapolis, is the stuff with which
the work was done.
Later J. B. McNamara went to San Francisco. There is
not one particle of evidence that he met any union men there.
Everything tends to show that he observed his usual secretiveness. While he was there he stopped with a Mrs. Ingersoll.
Somewhere he must stop and there he happened in. This
woman was a stranger to the union men of San Francisco.
Certainly if there had be~:n any connection between the Eastern struggle and the lockout in Los Angeles this man Bryce
would not have been housed with a stranger.
("Was Schmidt Guilty?" began in the May number and will run for
several months. Back numbers, ten cents a copy.J
A
DAY of disaster for any nation will surely dawn when
its society 'is divided into two classes--the unemployed
rich and the unemployed poor-the former a handful and the
latter a host.-Daniel Webster.
Le£1, fi~ing- boile. at south industrial building; center. stone worll: for ha>ose bam ; right~ grading Lrano fan& for in1gafing.
�Co-operatioo
Co-operati0n the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-operatives -Gleaned from Many Sources
California
Associated
Raisin
Company
The California Associated Raisin Company is one of the most important
and powerful farmers' co-operative <>rganization• in the world. Orgamzed
in 1912, at which time the unfortunate fanners were becoming desperate
because of the wretched marketing conditions prevailing. the company
now control• eighty-live per cent of the raisin production of the United
State•; hat a membenhip of over 3500 stockholders; has a working
capital and ourplus of $1,500,000, and has a total acreage of raisins under
contract of 140,000 acres.
Although handicapped early in the history of the organization by the
blind, •elfish detire of the growers to remain "on the oul•ide" of the
organization in the hope of securing a higher price from private dealers,
the company pro•pered until today it is very firmly entrenched. Between
April I, 1913 and April I, 1917, it handled 318,000 Ions of raisins and
received a grou •um for them of more than $38,000,000. During the
oame period, after defraying expenses of handling, packing and selling, the
grower& were paid more than $29,000,000. The result has been a perm·
anent and material increase in price to the grower, and a decided improvement in quality of the product to the consumer.
The office of the California Associated Raisin Company is in Fresno,
California.- Wylie M. Giffen, President.
Starting the Co-opetative Store
No co-operative store should begin busines. before it has organized its
market; in o ther words, its membership. No store should open its doors
until it knowa how many customers it can depend on to buy from it•
ator.k. Never count on passing trade. This means that the society must
fint be organized and its first members chosen with extreme care.
Never atart a co-operative society through a general public meeting.
Thnt method brings in clements that will only disrupt when the first difftculties are met. But the members of a co-operative group should constitute a society for the study of social problems, with especial reference
to co-operation.
The most effective group for organizing a co-oper~tive society is one in
'"hich the members have nn intimate personal acquaintance with each other
und nrc bound by some other tics, such as membership in the same labor
union. community center, neighborhood guild, workmen's circle or other
o rgnnizntion which gives a sense of kinship and solidarity. It is best
thot the members should be neighbors rather than that they should live
widely Beparated.- The Co-operative League of America.
Nokomis Co-operative Society
(Nokomis, Illinois)
We Me progressing nicely. Our report shows that we made a seven per
cent patronage dividend during the first quarter, and expect to show
• better report thi• second qunrter which ends 1une 30. Our member•hip is growing steadily and our sales for this quarter are about fifty
per ent larger than those of last quarter. Besides getting the profits
r oursclv •• we nrc assured of best quality merchandise at an honest
pri c ns far as retailing is concerned. Also our patrons get full weight and
me sure.- From a letter by H. E. Gifford, Manager.
r
The
Need for Co-operation
In the c:o.nduct of modern busine"' there is much waste; there is also
gHlnt profit. Last ear the value of products of this country amounted to
$8,000,000,000; $2,000,000,000 remained on the farms. When the
$ ,000,000,000 of produc<o sold reached the consumer, he paid $13,000,000,000. Thftt i,., is costs $7 to market every $6 worth of produce. The
consumer is b~nning to osk why some of this waste should not be
utilit:ed for him and some of th~e profits be returned to him. Nobod}
\ nl'$ to help him; many in fact would fin<l it to their advantage to hinder
him; '"'"' seem to be of no ._,.,i}; government is hdpless. He, therefore,
must h
hinudf, but to do this e&.,.,tivdy he must work in unison with
his fdlc>w c:o.nsumers. Co-operation olfen the only sure means.- ew
En land Co-operative Society.
American
ociety of Equity
cful ~ in America in spreading the &<>spd of
• an Socidy of Equity at
ausa: W"ISO>liSin.
The mi"ioo of the society is ~to ~ the fai'IDeiS lo&dher. team tb.m the
of ~ • 01\'1 iz.e them ancl show them bow, by aH>peritbVe
and by ~til"' _Ia~ buJing. they can dimina. e e of the most
co-.ration is the
necessary middlemen, reduce th., cost of getting their products into the
hands of the consumen, and thus receive a muc4 larger per c:entage of
the price paid for them.
European Co-operation
The transformation in the rural life of more than one European community through co-operation has amounted to little less than a revolution.
Higher standards of agricultural products and production have been set
up and maintained, better methods of farming have been inculcated and
enforced, and the whole social, moral and civic life of the people hns
be~n raised to a higher levd. From the viewpoint of material gain, the
chtef benefits of agricultural co-operation have been the elimination of
unnecessary middlemen, and the economies of buying in large quantities,
and selling in the best markets, and employing the most efficient implr.mcnts.
-Rev. Father A. Ryan.
German Co-operatives
The statistics of the Gennan agricultural co-operative societies sho'
that in 1915 there were 97 central co-operative societies, 2,833 co-operative societies for collective sale and purchase, 17,781 co-operative savings
and loan banks, 3,568 co-operative dairy societies, 4,353 co-operative
societies having other objects; a total of 28,652 agricultural co-operotive
societies, 164 of them founded in 1915, having a membership of 2,500,000.
--Montana Equity News.
ll1e American consumer has no ~ood grounds for complaint against the
farmer. because of the prices he pays for farm products. The consumer
can protect himself by buying directly from the farmer as the English
consumer, through the aid of co-operative associations, is successfully
doing.- 1ames Wilson, formerly Secretary of Agriculture.
Wind versus
Work
If trade umomsts and labor men generally had spent half the tirr.e
they have expended on resolutions during the past hundred years on
co-operative business problems, the Co-operative Commonwealth would
have been much nearer today. It is far better to build factories than
hold conferences for the mere purpose of protesting against the unfairneu
of exploiters. These protests have been made for centuries. Unless we
make factories in the future instead of speeches, the protesla will continue for centuries to come.- The Producer, England.
The workers of the world must learn to co-operate.
hang together, they will hang separately.
Rochdale System tn
If they do not
America
The Rochdale system of consumers co-operation so successfully in vogue
in England, may be used equally as successfully in America, provided an
effort is made to adjust the system to peculiar busineu and financial
conditiqns in the United States. Many co-operators have failed in using
the Rochdale method in this count ry and have ever after contended tha t
its application here is impossible. It is an interesting fact that of all
the co-operative stores that have succeeded in America, the larger per
centage of them have adopted a modification of the Rochdale •ystem.
Co-operation Unifies
The most favorable omen for the success of the proposed Conferenu:
for the settlement of the Irish problem lies in the history and experience
of the Irish co-operative movement. In the countriet which have been
sharply dinde.! along radical, poliiical and religious lineo, the one unifying force has been the common interest of all groupo in the co-operative
stores, co-operative diaries and co-operative credit oocietieo. -Laurenu
C. Stapl~. Co-operative league of America.
Co-operative Egg Marketing
In Canada approximately 105 egg circles are in active operation at the
present time. Of these forty are loc:ated in Ontario. The most t!ICUH-ful co-operative egg and poohry asoociation in Canada it located in
Prince Edward Island, "'here wme fifty-two or lifty-lhree auociation•
ue amalgamated into one antral auociation ...;th antral wutbo>asing.
grading and seUing facilities.
The "aticmal Agricultural Organizaticn Society is an instillltioa
is hdping farmers to CD-<JI)Crale.. For inf<>JDJabon write to the Secretary,
3«l ashingto BuiJmng. Madson. Wssamsin.
�The
Weotern
Page nineteen
Comrade
•
News and Views In Agriculture
Do These Things Now
Thin the vegetables that ohow signs of crowding. To do so requires
courage, but it will pay. The young beet tops make excellent greens.
At the fi rsl appearance of the striped bee!le on melon and squaoh vines,
spray with Bordeaux mixture and Paris green, or dust with powdered
air-slaked lime.
Watch for curculio on plum and quince trees. This is a grayish beetle
ahoul a quarter of an inch long. Jar the trees and catch the beetles on
sheets spread on the ground.
Do the cultivating and weeding early in the morning of a hot day. The
up rooted weeds will be scorched by the sun. Never lei the soil become
caked or form a crus!.
To produce ex ira large bunches of grapes pinch off the young shoots
so as to leave one or two eyes.
Plan! successive crops of com, beans, peas, beels and lettuce.
Stop culting aspargus soon and allow the shoots lo grow. Keep weeds
down and the soil well stirred. An application of quick-acting fertilizer
on the aspargus bed will do much good.
As soon as the peas and beans are off pull oul the vines and sow
cabbages, turnips or sweet corn.
Look out for the green worm on curran! and gooseberry bushes.
If
abundant enough to arouse the individual farmer lo an effective grass·
hopper campaign. It is this aggregate loss over hundreds and thouaands
?f farms that must be lesoened, as well as the loss where the pest appears
m such great numbers as to destroy the entire crop.-State Commissioner
of Horticulture.
Small Fruits
The soil cannot be too rich for strawberries. Good berries will grow
on a soil that will raise good white potatoes. A good fertilizer is wellrolled manure, with a lillie commercial potash and rock phosphate applied
with the manure a year before the plants are set out. The only fruit that
rebels against late pruning is ti-e grape, which shows protest in bleeding.
Raspberries, blackberries, gooseberries and currants can be pruned after
they are in full leaf, or even in bloom without hurt.-The Co-operatora'
Herald.
Mushrooms
We sometimes hear the complaint that by neglecting to use the mush·
rooms that could be cultivated, Americans are wasting an important food.
A good mushroom, properly cooked, is a very luscious morsel and as
such is a welcome addition lo the dietary. If you are absolutely sure
present spray with Paris green and water- an ounce to about six gallons.
-The Country Gentleman.
Light and Ventilation
Dairy Stable
1n
the
lhe general rule lo be followed in lighting a dairy stable is one square
foot of glass area for each unit of twenty square feel of floor space.
Another rule calls for four to six square feet of glass area for each co·N .
For a shed f1fleen by sixty feel, or 900 square feel, there would be neces·
sary forty·five square feet of glass area. By spacing windows containing
six square feet of glass area from center to center along the sixty-foot
wall. ample light would be provided. Window ventilation is quite salis·
factory when the sashes lilt in at the top, as a temporary proposition.
These same sashes will work into a modified type of the King system of
ventilation later, if desired.-F. W. llcolts.
Brood Sows
The practice of having brood sows produce lwo lilters a year, as fol·
lowed in some of the hog-raising sections of the United Stales, should be
encouraged, except where short seasons and severe winer prevent.
Sows
intended lo farrow fall lillers should be bred nol later than the end
of June. Those thai are in breeding condition after weaning their spring
Iiiier should be breed the first time they come in heal. There are generally
a few sows in the herd thai are thin and run down in condition after wean·
ing, and these should be fed a lillie heavier for a few weeks before the
breeding to insure a larger Iiiier in the fall. The dale of breeding should
be recorded so as lo determine the date of farrow. The geslahon penod
of a sow is 112 to 115 days. The sows should be watched closely to see
if they come in heal after they are once bred, so they can be rebred. The
heat period is every 21 days.- Uniled Stales Department of Agriculture.
Building the Road up into the Mountains; it now ex lends for a dozen
miles and is a remarkably good mountain road.
thai the variety thai grows on your lawn or in the neighboring fields is of
the edible kind, by all means cook it and eal il; il will do you good.
But if you have ll•e leas! doubt of its innocuousness, you had beller leave
il alone; the risk is loo greal and the possible gain in nutriment is loo
slight.
How t s Your Alfalfa?
The Loss from Grasshoppers
Has your new alfalfa seeding slopped growing ? Is it spoiled and
patchy? Is il turning yellow? Have you a thin sland? Let uo find oul
what is the maller.
1. Are you sure your soil is no I sour? Does il need lime for alfalfa?
Did you lesl it with litmus paper lo see if it needed lime before you
seeded?
2. Did you inoculate? Are there nodule• on the rooll?
3. Is your field reasonably fertile and well drained? Are there any
low wei spots? Alfalfa will no I stand wei feet.
4. Do you have a hardpan subsoil six or eight inches below the surface?
Hardpan is impenetrable lo young alfalfa roots.
5. Did you have a poor stand lasl fall? Too thick seeding of the nurse
crop and the use of late-ripening grain may cau•e poor stands.
6. Was your alfalfa cui or paolured late in the fall? Remember the
eight-inch rule: If alfalfa does no I go into winter with eight inches of
growth il may suffer from winter killing.-The Country Gentleman.
In California alone grasshoppers have cauoed an annual destruction of
al least $1,000,000 lo the cereal and forage crops, which are the main
crop• necessary for the food supply; not mentioning the immense loss from
this pest to the fruit, vegetable and !ruck crops of thiS >echon of the
country. In some of the larger alfalfa fields, the annual loss conslilufes
almost one-third of the normal production. In other sections this peal
is present year after } .,;,i, causing a great aggregate los&, but hardly
The ration for a horse of a pound of grain and a pound of hay per
hundredweight a day is a useful standard. The horse doing light work
may receive more hay and Ieos grain, and the horse at severe labor should
receive approximately the above amount of hay and enough grain to
keep him in condition.- J. L. Edmunds, Florida.
The
Windbreak
as
a
Farm
Asset
Windbreaks are, in more ways than one, a farm assel. They tend lo
prevent the soil from drying oul quickly and they protect grain and
orchards from mechanical injury by the wind. A belt of lrees by the farm
buildmgs protecll them from extreme winter cold and summ~r heat, and
makes the farm a pleasanler place in which to live. The windbreak
may also be a source of wood suppiy for u•e on the farm and for sale.
- Farmers Bulletin.
Garbage as Fertilizer
Mix the garbage with about three limes the quantity of soil and lei
it remain for several month• until it becomes well rolled. This will avoid
fermentation and souring.-8. C. Marner, New York.
Horse
Rations
�Page twenty
Book Reviews
The
Reviews of Recent Readable Books
' ~The
American Year-Book"
Appleton's "The American Year Book: A Record of Events and Progress," is intended for the needs of writers and searchers of every kind.
It does not aim to be a rival of other annual publications, either foreign
or domestic. ll1e Year Book "appeals first of all to students in all
fields who wish a record of progress, not only in their own, but in
other departments of human endeavor. It is intended, also, as a handbook
for busy men, edi tors, writers, a nd p rac tical and business men who wish ·
to verify or confirm points that arise in their minds; and to serve as
a handy body of reference material settling questions of fact." Having
been familiar with the annual during most of the seven years of its
existence, I can say with fervor that this expecta tion has been more than
met, and that the 1916 events recorded in the 1917 edition make it the
best issue of them all.
The Year Book is edited by Francis G. Wickware with the co-operation
of a supervisory board representing the national learned societies. There
are 127 special contributors, specialists in each line. The war occupies
a large percentage of the discussion, and I have seen no o ther source of
information of the year 191 6 so complete as this one. The same thing
for that matter may be said of any field of research or activity. The
papero are grouped under 32 departments, wit h thorough table of contents
and index. Socialism receives a fair treatment from the pen of Carl D.
Thompson, dealing with both the Ame rican and foreign developments.
For a present and a permanent reference book, Appleton's has come to
mean in its field what the World Almanac means in its sphere. (New York:
D. Appleton & Co.)
"How to Avoid Indigestion"
Dr. Robertson Wallace, M.B .. C.M .. is a practical physician with many
sane ideas, which he is not afraid to give to the "laity". In two little
books he has recently imparted some fa cts that are worth reading. One
is "How to Avoid Indigestion: Its Chief Causes and Curative Treatment."
This is rather an ambi tious title for a brochure of 176 pages, but Dr.
Wallace wastes no energy in side issues. He tells of the organs at fault
the process of healthy digestion, everyday causes of indegestion, stomach
and intestinal indigestion, diet for dyspeptics, and food to combat special
symptoms. The book is designed for "the plain man, in plain English,"
what is of practical service in the daily routine of life.
"How to Avoid Nervous Disorders: A Complete T realise Concerning
Their Nature , Prevention and Cure," was prepared "expressly for the
layman in all that pertains to the care of his nervous system in health,
and its treatment when out of order." The au thor desires that the readers
may be prompted to so train their nervous organization that it shall be
the servant rather than the master of their fate, " and at the same time
afford sufficient information to enable them to follow intelligently the
general as well as the special lines of treatment of the more common
functional nerve troubles of everyday life."-(The Britton Publishing Co.)
"Mental Adjustments"
One recalls Emanuel julius' "Democratizing the Nice Stuff" in studying
the pages of "Mental Adjustments," written by Frederick Lyman Wells,
of Mclean Hospital, Waverley, Mass. It is the most significant contribution to psychology of the past year, and written in a style simple enough
for the average student, and at the sam' time erudite enough for the
profound specialist. It is one of the series of "The Conduct of Mind,"
edited by Professor Joseph Jastrow of the University cf Wisconsin. Dr.
Jastrow is the foremost American psychologist, and his seal on any book
is evidence th•t it is something more than ordinarily worth while. I am
going to quote from his analy tical introduc tion to the book t0 give you
an idea of its scope.
''The science of happiness," write5. Dr. Jastrow, .. is the most intricate
of human pursuits. It is to this study that Dr. Wells makes a si gnificant
contribution. As a pioneer, he blazes the trail; others will be guided by
his route, though the future highways may diverge from his triangulations.
Central in the composition stands that complex of forces imposed by nature
embodied in the function of sex, and from that focus radiating to all the
expressions of human energy, desire, will, conduct. To consider the mani·
festations of sex so insistently and unreservedly may seem to many unu! ed
to this perspective an unseemly intrusion. or an unworthy degradation.
The libido plays with the human will, mocks at its attempts to escape its
bonds, and through the exponent of science reveals the true significance
of the mind's expressions.
The volume moves toward a definite position in regard to the control
and expression of vital trends. Such a position has a direct bearing upon
ethics and education and all the re~ulative s;rstet~~J that distinguish be-
Western
Comrade
By D. B obspa
tween good and bad, between more and less desirable. For adjustment
implies value, indeed sets the standard of value. Dr. Wells attemp ts an
analysis of the source of such st•ndards and an appraisal of their worth
and fitness for the life that we today mus t attain. Beginning with the
biologinl relations; he promptly introduces the mental factor, and presents
the mind and its products as an instrument of adjustment. The use and
waste of t!>.e ·mental trends is his theme. The substitution of thoughts for
realities takes us back t<> primitive man and the unschooled habits of his
mind, to magic and superstition; it takes us collaterally to the breakdown
of mind in the forms of insanity, in which the distinction of fact and fancy
fades .
"Difficulties and failures of adjustment furni sh the basis for the more
elaborate analyses . . . The nature of intelligence and the modes of testing it; the scope a nd significance of individual differences; the newer methods of attacking the higher judging processes in terms of which adjustment
proceeds; these are included in the survey.
"Dr. Wells reflects his professional interests in the disqualifications a nd
liabilitles of the abnormal mind; his training is equally adequate in the
study of experimen tal problems among the normal. The work should find
its place as an aid to the general reader, as a guide to the psychological
student, whatever his practical interests or professional purpose may be.
Ideas irregularly scattered through the technical literature are here brought
together. wi th much original interpretation. into a consistent whole.''\D. Appleon & Co,)
"White Nights, and Other Russian Impressions"
"White Nights, and Other Russian Impressions" is a good picture pf
Russia just prior to the Revolution, as pictured by Ar thur Ruhl, one of
the best known American journalists. An example of the impressions that
is of especial interest is the following:
"Rodzikanko, the Duma president, like most of the deputies, is a
landowner- he h"'-s enormous estates down in the southern steppe countryand on the hot summer afternoon when I was talking with him he was
thinking, as many of his colleagues were, of the crops and getting home.
"''!he land won't wai t.' he boomed. 'If the crops a ren't good, Russia
suffers. And the army suffers. We must go home soon.' And the political
earthquake was then only a few months away."
Nearly thirty full-page pictures from photographs accompany the vivid
descriptions of scenes and events in Russia. ..The Road to Ru ssia" is
an interesting introductory chapter that gives some sidelights on Norway
and Sweden. He describes the homecoming of a gro up of German soldie rs
who had been exchanged from the allies' prison camps. They were spiritle., wrecks, most of whom were nearly dead from tuberculosis, besides
having legs, arms and eyes missing. Among the fea tures of Russian
war time life described are the events at the front, the Moscow Art theater,
a look at the Duma. Russia's war prisoners, a Russian cotton king. down
the Voll(a to Astrakhan, Volga refugees and Roumania's lesson on the
meaning of war.
The narrative is told in the easy style of the well-informed newspaper
correspondent, wi th pertinent observations on the meanings o f what Mr.
Ruhl was seein g.
Previously to this book, Mr. Ruhl has wri tten
"Antwerp to Gallipoli," "Second Nights," and "The Other Americans.'' The
photographs are partucula rly interesting and illuminating.-(Charle•
Scribners' Sons).
"The Royal Outlaw"
I am sure humanity has made a big advance, and H. G. Wells' idea of
a finite God which had nothing to do with "creation" and all that bunk,
since reading Charles B. Hudson's "The Royal Outlaw," a novel of King
Dovid during rhe period when he Red from the insane wrath of Saul and
lived as an outlaw and exile. It is written on the style of the Americ>.n
historical novels so popular a few years ago, and still written by Emersan
Hough. There is nothing of the mystic awe and reverence in talking of
this fascinating poet-butcher amorous king of the Jews. His lawless
gathering of associates. their trips among the enemy countries, their hidings
in the caves and hills, the love affairs and the battles bring out all of
their qualities as human beings without Jehovah's whiskers getting mixed
into the frays.
The book is historically accurate, and a well-told novel. Romance and
adventure blend in a stirring tale, coming from the lips of Old Alian o' the
Wood. David's veteran man-at-arms. Alian was a robber, who aloaJidoned
his profession to cast his lot with the exiled king and became one of his
chief counselors. Alian furni shes a good port of the humor, which relieves
the strain of many fights. (E_ P. Dutton & Co.)
�Po.etry
To the Ideal
By Dr. John Dequer
I love you in pain and in sorrow,
I love you in weakness and might,
I love you in evening and morrow,
I love you through darkness and light;
For my love from the heart, like a fountain,
Flows in perpetual streams;
My lovl! is as vast as the mountains,
For you, the source of my drealns.
As the clover the bee calls
For me, your eyes gleam with a fire
That fills all the heavens with song;
For your voice doth ambition inspire,
To build beauty from a strife-sick throngFor those who are weary and laden,
For those who are seeking the rest.
Fulfillment of promise of Aiden
I find, when asleep on your breast.
The keystone to all of my arches,
As in either your heart or your face;
In the music of soul-stirring marches,
In the swirl and jam of life's race,
I hold you, the crown of my power,
The hope and the joy of the strife;
You're my shield, my sword and my towerThe pulse and strength of my life.
And I build, and teach and grow stronger,
When I think of the soul I adore;
And I wish that the sun would shine longer,
And the darkness of night I deplore.
For my spirit soars high like a larkA lark whose heart-throbs are song;
When I see you smile from your pillow,
I feel that in weakness I'm strong.
I may win or lose in the striving,
I may fail and rise up again;
I may sink, and the billows, fast driving,
May strand me with heartache and pain:
But no matter what fate may befall me,
As long as your hand, from the shore,
Will beckon sweetly, and call me,
I will live for the soul I adore.
to labor,
· As the spring calls the bird to its nest,
As atoms call to their neighbors,
As play calls the child to its rest:
Your· life calls my spirit to motion,
Like a mighty, redeeming machine;
You're my prayer, my song, my devotion,
My Saint, my God and my dream.
A Workingman's Soliloquy
I am the blind giant.
I am a part of the incomprehensible mind of the universe.
I am the man who first conceived the plow.
My hands fashioned its rude shear of wood and with it
turned the soil.
I raise the grain that feeds the armies of the world.
And I walk to and fro throughout the land seeking
a master.
The Master rubs the Lamp.
I build factories and mills and palaces for him.
My children toil and sweat in his service; we live in a hut.
I delve deep in the earth and mine the coal and iron that
give mankind dominion over brutes.
I build roads of stone and steel, and bridge the torrents and
chasms that divide the mountains.
I build great ships and sail them o'er the , seas, then bring
them safely into port laden with treasure and meekly
lay it at the master's feet.
Without my loyalty to mastership, ignorance and poverty
would vanish from the earth.
And still I feel the goad
Of human needs and bend beneath my load.
The master rubs the Ring.
I fight the battles of th~ king.
At hi'$ command, I wound and slay my fellow worker without cause.
By C I i n t o n B a n c r o f t
I dive beneath the waters of the :oea to sink and destroy
that which I have built.
From the clouds above, I hurl thunderbolts of fire and
death upon the children of the land for hire.
Sated with scenes of carnage· and suffering the torment&
of the damned,
I envy the felon his prison life and easy death.
I am a creature who feels
Upon his neck the crush of iron heels.
The zephyr is my pathway to the skies;
I ride among the clouds and mount above the storm.
The fabled powers of jove .are mine; in my handr-Oeath,
to dispense, to withhold.
The lightning is my ,.91essenger.
I speak across continents and seas with tongue of fire and
heJald the Pentecost of war.
Listen! a message to you, 0 Fellow Workingman:
"Thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground."
Listen! a mes~age . to you, 0 IGng:
''Thou shalt not kill!"
And above the awful raging of the storm of war and battle,
I hear a voice saying:
"Peace, be still."-'Tis my soul, crying peace!
And when I speak the word, war shall forever ceue.
The scales are falling from my eyes;
I think I see a light arise.
�The Western Comrade
Page twenty-two
member of the Assembly than those same Democrats. Again,
7,097 voters of various faiths combined to elect one Assembly.
man, but 56,751 Socialists got no representation.
How fitting a symbol it is of the love of the God '?f the
When we turn to Congressmen we find that the Progressives
Universe! For it lifts our hearts above the mundamty of get a rough deal, for 3'1,181 of them are denied a voice and
earth to a plane where we sense a kinshi'p with the lnfinit~. vote at Washington, while only 30,042 Democrats with a
This star typifies arl ,the greatness of ~ature for us, . and m sprinkling of Socialists elect one member. Republicans, Demloving this one star, we also love the mtangtble, elustve, yet ocrats ·and Progressives to the number of 58,826 elect a
Representa#ve, but 60,797 Socialists remain unrepresented.
all-pervading God of Life.
Comparatively speaking both Republicans and Democrats sufTHE FLAME OF THE VESTALS.
fer from an utterly illogical combination in National politics
You remember how in ages past the Romans kept burning .
of Republicaas and Democrats, for 109,992 Republican Demoin the temple of Vesta a fire ·that w_as never ~!lowed to d~e. crats elect two Congressmen, while nearly twice as many
It was fed by maidens. and if they vtolated thetr vows of VIr- straight- Democrats elect only three, ·and nearly three times as
ginity, never again might they tend the sacred flame .. Eve~ many straight Republicans elect only four Representatives.
true Roman worshipped at the altar of Vesta, who typtfied m
The figures which I have cited show conclusively that under
a larger sense the union of the nation. And every Roman knew the district system there is no certain relation ' between votes
that the sacred flame was ever burning, although he did not
and representation. The fact as to whether the majority rules
constantly make the offering before the temi_Jle.
or not is left to the utterly hap-hazard grouping of the numI like to think of such a fire as representing the love of
erous districts. As a matter of fact in many instances the
friendship-the REAL friendship that lasts, that never wav~rs
minority controls the legislature and the majority is left imin constancy. Only he whose life is pure can hope to ~ecetve
potent. The actual weight of any vote is a matter of purest
from service at friendship's shrine the helpful mental stimulus,
chance. Unjust, inequitable, misrepresentative, the district
the understanding sympathy, the warm love and exaltation of
system of election must go.
spirit; and only he who will sacrifice can reach the heights to
which these experiences can take him.
How dear to friends is the thought that though they may not
always bring offerings to the altar and be worshipping with a
(Continued from page 7)
heart as humble as the bended ' knee, the sacred flame of
friendship is burning still the same, fed by the purity,. the once, and as a result, one of the most artistic affairs m the
loyalty, and the sincerity of the lives of those who mmtster history of Llano was consummated.
unto it.
The Assembly Hall was arranged to represent a church. An
THE FIRE OF LIFE
aisle was arranged from the double doors down to the platWhen the Infinite b~eathed into us the fire of life, we were form where the ceremony was performed, and prettily enclosed
given a spark of the fires of loves, as well as the beginnings by white ribbons running on white posts ornamented-with pink
of hatred and strife. Our whole being, then, w~th its activities, roses and 'greenery. The aisle was outlined overhead with
is a blend of the various fires of life. If we develop our wedding bells, decorated with roses and pink ribbons and
bodies, o~r minds, our spirits with conscientious care, a nd ending with a large bell of the same description. The electric
keep timn so unified as to evolve for us the highest efficiency lights were veiled in pink and white. Carna.tions a nd sweet
for the use of our~elves and humanity, our lives will be living peas abounded on the walls and ceiling.
fires of love.
The wedding ceremony was perfomed by Rev. Louis A. Pier
and was an impressive ring service, the charm and loveliness
And so, can not we who see and feel the beauty of these of which is Jiflicult to describe.
fires of loves, tzy to make our lives as bright, as beautiful,
The orchestra played the celebrated Lohengrin wedd:ng
as pure as the fiery flames and the love they symbolize?
march as the wedding procession marched slowly up the aisle.
When the ceremony was over a reception was held at which
refreshments were served.
My object in repeating the description of the weddmg is
(Continued from page 9)
to point out some of the advantages of a co-operative community. Had this event with its delightful arrangements, its
Democrats, polling 54242 votes, however, elected twice as beautiful decorations, and its impressive music by a twelvemany, i. e., four when they were entitled to only three. A piece orchestra, been held in any other city or village, it would
little combination of Democrats, Progressives and a few Social- not have cost less than $500. The cost here was insignificant.
ists, numbering only 7,944 elected one Senator; but neither The services of those engaged in making the ceremony the
19,053 Democrats and Progressives nor 19250 straight Social- success it was, was en:tirely gratuitous and gladly given.
ists could get any Senatorial representation whatever.
Llano 'is three years old. It has a record of achievement.
In the Assembly the unjust district system fairly outdid Many will come and some will go, but always many more
itself in disfranchizing Democrats. 224,476 Democratic voters will come than those that will go. Those who stay, overlooksucceeded in electing only nine Assemblymen when proportion- ing for the time the few ofttimes annoying inconveniences,
ally tJtey should have had twenty-two. A combination of will be the inheritors of the labors of those who have con39,694 Republicans and Democrats, less than one-fifth the tributed to make Llano what it is today and is going to be in
number of straight Democrats, elected only one less Assembly- the future.
man, eight as against nine. Another combination of RepubliLlano, with its industrial and psychological problems, is a
cans Democrats and Progressives, comprising 69,956, elected mecca to which thousands will come and from which will be
I 0 Assemblymen. That is, a group less than one-third as strong marked the program .t hat pointed the way out of the
numerically as the straight Democrats, elected one more wilderness.
Fires of Love
(Continued from page 15)
Llano Getting on the Map
Unfair District Representation
�Page twenty-three
The Weotern Comrade
This Man Won a Membership
in the Llano Colony
by Securing Subscriptions to the
LLANO PUBLICATIONS
I
Here are some Winners in the First $2000
Grand Membership Circulation Contest
I
I
EWALD SANDNER, Illinois, won the Membership in the Llano del Rio Colony.
II
Others who won Llano stock in the contest
are:
ERNEST BODEN, Canada.
CHRIST COJANUS, Illinois.
WALTER ELLMAN, New York.
GEORGE TRUST, Washington.
I
EWALD SANDNER lives in Illinois. · He
worked industriously in the First Grand
Membership Circulation Contest and soon
ob tained the lead, which he retained
The SECOND Grand Membership Circulation Contest is now on. Most of those who
won premiums in the first contest won them
with absurdly low numbers of subscriptions
turned in.
contest.
Enter at once and win in the new
Join Our New ConteSt Now
Llano Publications
Contest Department - - - Llano, Calif.
throu ghout th e entire contest.
~==============~=
-=
- ~=--==================================~·
YOU CAN BUY THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS IN SAN FRANCISCO
at the People's Library, 2079 Sutter street, and at 1350 Fillmore street.
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household
Goods
from nil Eastern points
to California
Members of tbe Llano del Rio Colony will lind it especially
advantageous to make their shipmenb tllrouci. the
.J UDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
443 \]arquette
640 Old South
Boatmen's Bank
855 Monadnock
bldg,
bldg,
bldg,
bldg,
Chicago; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York;
Boston; 435 Oliver bldg, Pittsburg; I 537
St. Louis; 518 Central bldg, Los Angeles;
San Francisco. WRITI: NEAREST OFFICE.
What Are You Good For?
Did you ever try to find out?
Are you employed at work for which you are best 6tted?
Do you KNOW or are you GUESSING?
Your children-- what will you advise them to do?
The science of Character Analysis will answer the 'luestions you have
asked yourself. It is not fortune telling. It is not guesa work. It tells you
what you are fitted for and gives you the reasons. It tells you why
you have not succeded in what you have attempted and will show you In
which lines you can hope to succeed.
An analysis of yourself will cost you something and it is worth many
time• what it costs; but information about it-that is free. . juot write:
"Send me free information about Character Analysis and Vocational Fitness." Write your name and address very plainly. Send it to:
P. 0. Box 153, Llano, California
Llano Job Printing
CLASSIFIED ADS
Rates: 2Sc a line for one insertion; ISc a line ti.ereafter.
to the line. Advertisinc payable in advance.
Twelve words
"THE NEW EARTH." Ocean beds become vast fertile plaina.
Earth watered from within; even deserts bloom. Deductions soliclly baaed
upon divine laws. Fifty cents, no stamps. Cross Publishing House,
Nuevitas, Cuba.
JJA
FOR SALE.-BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS, NEW ZEALANDS, . AND
Flemish Giants. We can supply all •Kes up to eight months. For further
iaformation addreu Raabit Oeparlment, Llano del Rie Coloay, Uaae, Cal.
The Llano del Rio Printing and Publishing Department is now
equipped to handle job printing.
Cards, lea8ets, booklets, stationery, etc., will be hanclled in a
satisfactory manner, and at prices which will compare more than
favorably with those found elsewhere.
All work will be given the union label unless otherwise requested. Every employee is a Socialist and a union man.
The Llano Publications, Llano, California.
�..
Walter· Thomas-Mills
I~
Now Associated with the Llano del Rio Colony
Comrade Mills is known .to every Socialist and radi'cal in the United States, and
is also widely known in Canada, "Great Britain, New Zealand, and Australia. He ha~
been an active worker for many years as a speaker and writer. He has been identified
with co-operative effor~s of vari'eus kinds. After watching the Llano del Rio Co-operative
Colony for .three ·years, studying it closely, a nd realizing the certainty of its success he
has identified himself with it as BEING THE LIVEST AND MOST CONSTRUCTIVE
PHASE OF THE SOCIALIST MOVEMENT IN THC UNITED STATES TODAY. 1'hi>
is what he says :
"For Every Job in The United States
Someone Has Invested, in Something, $10,000
This is the ave::.rage cost of a job in this coun:try. But if you buy YO!IT own job even
at this price you would escape exploitation only at one point. You would still be robbed everywhere else just the same.
"You can own your job at Llano, Los Angeles county, California, in the most
productive county in America, have you own house with the best oi schools, free medical aid and hospital care, with the best social life, and so become your own employer,
have for you.-self your total products with a million dollar workinr, plant co-operatively manned ar.d managed, covering twenty lines of industry, and so escape exploitation at twenty points instead of one and that where no boss or trm· can rob you of the
means of life."
Comrade Mills is going to lecture on " Co-operation in Action" with pa rticular reference to the Llano Colony.
The Western Comrade
Will carry a ~-eading Article Each Month from the pen of Comrade Mills.
Watch a!so for the
E DITORI ALS BY JOB HARRIMAN
3 TORIES ON THE LLANO COL!)NY
l-:' IRST-HAND CO-OPERATIVE Nf.WS
And Many Other Instructive Features
The Second Grand Membership Circulation Contc~t
Is Now On----Earn a Membership
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS ARE FOREMOST IN TEACHING SOCIALISM--HELP
GET SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THEM NOW!
Write at Once for further Information: Contest Department-
The Llano Publications, Llano, California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-08
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-08
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n04_191708
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2018-08-01
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v05n04
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24 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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What Next? by Walter Thomas Hill
Inspiring Editorials by Job Harriman
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/010f8b586b811dba270dfd18b4d9fad4.pdf
8842b8638fe77593fafa03c728636a11
PDF Text
Text
c- -
~-
1
.,I -
Price 1 Oc
I man
onstructive Editorials
Llano-Community of Progress______
By Robert K. Williams.
Quo Vadis?... .......... ~............. .................. ,.................. 9
By Dr. John Dequer.
The Play House (Fictiw) ............................................ ! 0
By Helen F ranees Easley.
The Co-operative Movement in Great Britain .............. l2
By George Grazier.
Was Schmidt Guilty? .................................................... l5
Third Installment of Jab Harriman's Address to the Jury.
fhe Socialist Party-Where Is It?... ............................. ! i
M. M. Discusses Recent Phases.
News and Views in Agriculture ...................................... IS
Co-operation the World Over. ....................................... 19
What Thinkers Think ....................................................20
Reviews of Recent Readable Books... ...........................21
'\
'
By D. Bobspa.
/
�·/
The Gateway To F'r eedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE C-O[.ONY is located in
the beautiful Antelope Valley, in the northeastern part of
Los Angeleo County, Southern California. This plain lies
between the San Gabriel spur of the Sierra Madres on the south
and the Tehachapi range on the north. The Colony is on the north
slope of the San Gabriel range. It is almost midway between
Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific, and Victorville, on the Santa
Fe railroad.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is made up of pee-sons
who believe in the application of the principles of co-operation
to the wides t possible extent. Virtually all of the residents are
Socialists. It is a practical and convincing answer to those who
have scoffed at Socialist principles. who have said that "it won't
work," who have urged many fallacious arguments. In the three
years since it was es tablished, the Colony has demonstrated thoroughly the soundness of its plan of operation and its theory. Today it is stronger than ever before in its history.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May !st. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemployment and business failure .
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and thei r families.
An abundance of clea r, sparkling water coming from mountain
sp rings is sufficien t to irriga te thousands o f fertile acres.
The
climate is mild and delightful. the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists. with perhaps something to sell when the
Colony has ~rown.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is. was ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort ' for the future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competiti ve world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin:: it the largest town in the
Antelope Valley. More than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children get meals at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Montesso ri school is in operation,
taking the children from 2!/z to 6 years of age. A new school
buiiding is soon to be built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial schools are both in operation.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 125 Jersey and Holstein cattle,
100 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over I 00 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the tractors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Duroc-Jersey sows gives the Colony thirtyeight registered high-class breeding sows and two splendid boars, the
nucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pens
have been built. Registration will be kept up and the raising of
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
fine Berkshires, and a large number of grade sows.
Much nursery stock has been planted, a vineyard of 40 acres put
out, and many fruit trees set this spring. The Colony has more
than 400 acres of orchards.
Community gardening is successful. and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using· all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and · thods, with expert and experienced men in charge of the di erent departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department expects to have several thousand stands in a few yean.
The Colony has secured timber from the' San Gabriel Reserve,
and' has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a thousand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful, baseball and football teams, dances, picnics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, several orchestras, a dramatic club, and other organizations assist in
making the social occasions enjoyable.
Alfalfa .does extraordinarily well at Llano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Dit~es lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime, making them permanent, conserve
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as possible.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It will be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modem, and
harmonious with their surroundings. and will insure greater privacy
than any other houses ever constructed.
signed especially for Llano.
They are unique and de-
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are: Printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop, lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, rabbitry, gardens, hog raising.
lumbering, publishing, transportation (autos, trucks, tractors}, doctors' offices, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barber shop, dairy goats, baths, swimming pool, studios, two hotels,
drafting ro<>m, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
club, two orchestras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler. '
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Following is the plan which has proven successful: Each shareholder agrees to buy 2.000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
in cash or installments, $1 ,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4.00, from which is deducted $1.00 for
the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
e f the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill. is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover and resume payments. In RO case will he be
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This is
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. In this we. will
endeavor to assist wherever practicable.
Corporations are not
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
HOW TO JOIN
Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and join your comrade• who have already borne the first
brunt of pioneerinl(.
Address Communications regarding membership, general information, etc.. to the
Membership Department
Llano del Rio Company
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
/
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Action
The Western
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Entered as second-clau matter November 41h, 1916, at lhe post office at Uano, California, under Act of March 3, 1879.
JOB HARRIMAN
PUBLISHED EAGI MOI'ffil AT ll.ANO, .CALIFORNIA.
Managing Editor.
~,
FRANK E. \VOLFE
Editor.
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies IOc; clubs of 4 or moro (in U. S.) 50c. Combination wilh llANO COLONIST $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN CO IRADE, b~t are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so stated.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed,
-
-·
VOL. V.
LLANO, CALIFORNIA. JULY, 1917
Editori a l s
G
-
No.3
B y Job Harriman
REAT excitement prevails everywhere over the food be shown to persons a nd not to property. It is more human
situation. As time goes on the excitement will increase to save ma n than to save property. Then, too, live men will
until it develops into a spasm centered in the abdominal re- produce and replace property, but property ~ill mold and
gions. A food famine is as inevitable as the tomorrow is to decay without the constant help of the hand of man.
come. Yet many Congressmen not only oppose conscription
This war sprang out of the sordid greed of man for profits,
of food, but they are opposed to a clause in the food bill which a nd it will last until the pain and the anguish of the wounded
would enable the federal authorities "to find out exactly how and bleeding millions shall have smothered and buried sordid
much food there is in the country, where it is ston~d. and who greed and melted men's hearts and souls with sympathy and
owns it." They fear that "such powers will be destructive of love and inspir~d them with a persistent' passion for mutual
individual liberty and will violate the sanctity of property."
aid. This is the day of reckoning of private property. When
Individual liberty and the sanctity of property have already tbe clouds of war shall have rolled away private property will
been violated. In fact, there is no lon'ger any such animal as have become a thing of the past. Common property and
the sanctity of property. When Congress passed the conscrip- mutual interests ·will have come as a healing balm to the
tion law, by means of which two million men may be taken hearts of men, and with it the lion and the l~mb will lie down
even against their will, they dealt a death blow to the sanctity together and men will dwell in peace forever.
-oof private property. If men may be called contrary to their
will and forced to bear arms, surely property of every kind
VER.Y industry is a little monarchy. Every owner of an
may and will be seized with which to feed and maintain these
industry insists upon running his own business as he sees
same mlln while at war.
fit. He insists upon buying labor as cheap as he can, and
Is it possible that members of Congress think that property is using it each day as long as he can.
more sacred than human life? Or is it true that the law does
These are the necessary sequences arising from private
not reach their lives and that they wish also to hold on to property. Competition all but compels the enforcement of
their property? Some are suggesting that the merchant should these rules. Everything tends to induce them, and to support
only make a . reasonable profit. Why a profit at all? Are the the owner in their enforcement.
poor soldiers, whose lives are being taken·, getting a reasonable
The owner of the poorly equipped and less efficient indwtry
profit? Are they getting anything?
is compelled by necessity to enforce these rules, while the
Is it not time that a d&ad level be struck? Shall we not · owners of more efficient factories are induced to enforce them
treat man as man and nothing more? Is life dearer to the by the enormous accruing profits.
ma n who has property than to him who has none? If there
These owners, possessed of economic power, play such a
is a ny difference in the anxiety of the rich and the poor, it is part in the elections that they succeed in electing men of their
not due to the sanctity of their lives, but in the "sanctity" of own views to the Legislature. These legislators enact these
their property. He who believes in the sanc.tity of property, rules into laws, and thus the s:tate or government becomes a
be'n:g the owner, should go ~o the front and defend the sanctity composite of the little monarchies.
of property by the strength af his ri
arm. Why -should he
Militarism is, therefore, the child of p rivate property., an..d
be permitted to stay home ancl hide, cowardlike, behind his has all the vitality .o f the i.ndu.strie5 that -exist under its $Way,
property?
It is in tihe industries that lies the secr,e t of the trememlou$
The q uestion of the hol!r is a question of service. This will vitality of the German and Eng·lish imperialism and the·un.dab1e
continue to be th·e question a:s long a:s
war lasts.. Property and low vitality -of Russian imperia:tism.
and per:son wall ibe :se~2!ed. u any favor is :shown, iit should
GermalJ[y. 'Engiand and F ranee are in.dus:trially devel~
E
.the
�Page four
Editorial
to high efficiency. Russia's industrial development is in its
infancy. Their resj}ective imperialistic vitah'ty is measured
•
accordingly.
With her 200,000,000 people her militarism does not compare in vitality even with that of France. Give her fifty years
of individualistic development and she will sweep over Europe
.
like a tidal wave.
The United States possesses tremendous imperialistic vitality. Its industries are developed in many instances to the
highest efficiency, yet one fatal weakness will develop in our
European campaign. It seems to have escaped the attention
of those directing our forces. Surely, if they had considered
it they would have paused longer. They forget that the field
of battle is three thousand miles from our seat of supplies and
the ocean is swarming with submarines. True, our necessities
will compel a much higher and more efficient form of industrial
and agricultural organization, but, however efficient it may
become, it cannot, in our opinion, overcome this enormous
handicap. The distance is too great.
Far wiser were we if we should tell England to draw upon
her colonies for reinforcements, and tell Russia to pour in her
men while we organize a mechanical and agricultural drive and
thereby furnished food for them all. It is to be feared that
the terrible slaughter that must take place along the trenches,
accompanied by an enormous loss of life that is almost altogether unavoidable, by the submarines sinking our transports,
may result in an uncontrollable reaction as soon as a food
shortage develops. Were the course suggested above followed,
there could be no shortage of food, and hence no reaction.
T
HE position of the Socialists regarding the war is generally
misunderstood. The fact that Socialists are opposed to
this war is immediately construed to mean that they are proGerman and are opposed to assisting the Allies. This construction is made by some Socialists who have been prominent
in our movement as writers, but whose judgment has never
been taken seriously by the party.
Charles Edward Russell, who was strongly in favor of the
Syndicalist school in 1912, now leaves that school, the most
radical anti-war faction of our party, and goes off almost
alone into a pro-Ally ·war campaign·. There are several
others of the same type. They will not have a following
either of their former factional associates nor of the more
constructive fa.;tion of the party.
The real reason why the Socialist party is opposed to this
war lies in these facts:
I. That they look upon this as a war between the powers
for the domination of the world's commerce. In that they
f~el that they have no interest. !'r;re is, however, diversity
of opinion on this point. They all o pose imperialism, believing that imperialism arises out of capitalist institutions, or at
least out of private control of economic conditions.
2. The Socialists of the world have met in international con-
The Western Comrade
ventions for years; they look upon each other as comrades
in the same cause; they are bound together. by a common
literature, a common interest, a common feeling of real friendship and brotherhood such as is known only among the oppressed, and the thought of going to war and shooting each
other is unbearable. If there is an or2anization on earth that
~;hould be regarded as conscientious objectors, it is the Socialists of the world. All national lines are to them merely geographical lines. Their brothers in Russia, or Germany, or
France, or Austria, or Italy, are as dear to them as their
brothers in New York, or Massachusetts, or Illinois, or California. They are separated only by geographical lines. Our
race prejudices have long since perished. In the light of this
fact, and of the further fact that we have always fought brute
force as a means of building society (but have always advocated brotherhood and peace), ca~ the late Peace Conference
be understood.
Every international Socialist should be exempt from international military duty. He has a far deeper feeling and, if
forced to military duty, would suffer greater pangs of grief
and conscience than any religious sect on earth.
-o--
How
strenuously all of the papers are engaged in dodging
the inevitable! But, dodge as you will, the hour has
come and you must pay the price of your wrongdoing. You
are trying to eat your cake and keep it. Before you are
through you will find it an impossible task. Eat it you mustbut keep it you must not. You wanted the war that you might
make money out of it; but, alas! you have the war, and its
necessities will consume both your money and your privilege
of making money.
Come, capitalist neighbor, let us reason together. This is
your government, isn't it? You have made the laws, haven't
you? You are satisfied with the government's defense of
your property, aren't you? You are making money out of
the high prices of everything, aren't you?
Now, when the government called for soldiers, they did not
volunteer. The government believed conscription was necessary, and so did you, didn't you? And conscription became
law.
The government needed money to carry on the war, didn't it?
It issued bonds and offered them for sale, and you approved
cf it, didn't you?
It wanted money for two purposes :
First-To pay the men and to loan money to the Allies.
Second-To buy munitions and food.
Again you thought this was right, and again you approved,
didn't you?
Now hold your breath. Your cake is going. The government will conscript the money you have made while prices
were high. You will not buy bonds with it. You think the
Allies are bankrupt, don't you? You are afraid to buy bonds,
aren't you? You are afraid your own government will hecome
�The Western Comrade
Editorial
bankrupt in its effort to finance the Allies, aren't you? That
ts the reason you will not buy bonds, isn't it?
That is precisely the reason why the government will be
compelled to conscript your money, isn't it? If this war is
right, conscription of your money is right. isn't it?
But this is not all. Prices are soaring ~o high that the producers and gamblers in merchandise and food are consuming
all the money that the government is getting for the bonds it
sells. Hence it will have no money, if this continues, with
which to buy food, or pay soldiers, or loan to the Allies. But
if the government fixes prices the farmers and others will quit
producing, won't they? You would not blame them for quitting if there is no money in it, would you?
But what is the governm~nt to do? It must have money to
pay men, and good cheap food to feed them and the
Allies, and money to buy munitions, and money to loan to
the Allies.
What must she do now? She will be compelled to conscript
the food, and the resources, and the men to operate the
resources, won't she? Your money will be conscripted, won't
it? Your privilege of getting money by producing or by selling merchandise for more than it cost will be taken from
you, won't it? And that is right if the war is right, isn't it?
Now hold your breath.
That is State Socialism. Before you would surrender to
it, you required millions of men to be murdered in the trenches.
Do you not see that your greed has led to the most terrible
crime of all the ages? And will you still cling to your money
and force the war to continue? This war will not end until
capitalism is consumed by the all-absorbing forces of this
war, and the hearts of men are melted like shot in this terrible
crucible and merged in brotherly love.
· IN TIMES of war the feelings and forces that make for peace
are all but forgotten. Those who are involved ~n wars, and
especially those who are directing the military force, become
lost and so absorbed by the surging power of which they are
a part that all opposing ideas and forces seem to them to be
wrong. They become the more convinced that the opposition
is wrong because, temporarily, .they have the power to crush
or overcome it. They forget that the desire for peace is an
abiding and persistent urge. The more opposition there is to
peace and to peaceful measures, the more peace is desired.
The finest mental and heart forces of the world are for peace.
They stand on the brink of the trenches, the tomb of six million
men, and cry with unutterable anguish: "Is it not enough?"
"Are we fiends incarnate?" "Are we maniacs indeed?" "Is
there no love left in our hearts?' With a deaf ·ear, the commanding powers moves millions of men in a constant stream
to the brink, and pushes them over into the slaughter and to
death. Once, could be forgiven; but what is to be said of
those who force the .butchery of m~n. day after day, week
after week, month in and month out, year after year, and
Paze ~ve
still cry for more blood, more arms, more men to bleed and
die?
And shall we be blamed for demanding that our government
lay down its arms? Do we hear them say there is no escape?
That they must fight? That coJ;tditions have forced, and are
still forcing, the issue?
True it is, that this war is the result of the economic conditions prevailing in the world. And have the powers, at this
late hour, just come to realize this terrible fact? Realizing it,
are they still blind? Do they hope to lind safety in implements
of war, in the grip of men whose hearts are inspired by greed,
hatred and revenge? Peace and safety are not found there.
· ' Rifles, cannon and swords are evidences of danger, and not
of safety. Backed by revenge, hatred and ambition, the implements of war have become a world menace. They will
destroy the institutions from which they sprang, or the energies
of the race will be exhausted and man will relapse into another
dark age.
The foundations of peace must be laid in economic institutions. We cannot light each other in our every-day business
life and at the same time learn to love each other. The fruits
of contention and conflict are hatreds. The fruits of victory
are ambition for greater · victory and greed for greater gain.
The victor and the vanquished are always enemies, whether
that victory be in the industrial or military battlefield. A
century of struggling in the commercial and industrial battlefields has hardened the hearts of men and prepared them for
the more acute and horrible world conflict.
The war will not end until the elements of war shall have
passed away. The hour of transformation is at hand. The
overwhelming needs of the world will force the amalgamation
of all industries under social control. The conflict between
individuals in the business world will end. Man will unite in
a common struggle to save the race. The love of each for his
own family will enlarge into a love for the race, and in the
heart of love will safety and peace lind an everlasting dwelling
place.
T
YRE and Sidon, Babylon and Egypt, the Caesars, the
Charlemagoes, "the Napoleons and Cromwells: have had
military power sufficient to have made their governments
immortal, if force could do it. But always there is in brute
force the germs of death. Russian imperialism has forced its
tomb. German imperialism has aroused the antagonism of the
world and will soon go down. The brutal imperialism of
England, of Italy, of Turkey, of all the world, has aroused the
antagonism of the people of the world and must go down.
The European trenches are the tombs of imperialism. In them
will every crown and scepter be buried. Over the trenches
the world's heart will bleed with sorrow. It will bathe its lost
ones in tears. It will visit the sentence of death on force as a
rule of life. It will tell men to recompense evil with good. It
will teach the children of the world to love one another and
so fulfill the law.
�Page six
About Ll&ao
The Western Comrade ·
Llano· Community of Progress
NUSUAL weather the nation over, and, it is said, the
world over, an unprecedented late spring has delayed
1 crops more than two months in Llano. At this time
last year the alfalfa had been cut twice; this year
but once. However, a greater acreage is in this year, which
will more than compensate for the lack of crop at the first
cutting. Garden truck is behind hand, and the climate has
not ~- een at all up to standard. It has been cold and disagreeable in many ways. Reports from various parts of the country say that weather vagaries are general. So Llano is no
exception, but must receive the good and bad with the rest
of the world.
Progress, however, may be reported in the garden and field,
and everything points to a good crop for this year's canning,
both of vegetables and fruits. It is now beginning to get
warm in the valley and evidence of new vegetation is springing
up on every hand.
The great valley is a mass of flowering plants and the
ground is really carli'eted with varicolored flowers. Bees are
busy and it will not be long before a new and greater crop
of honey will be harvested. The bee industry in the Antelope
Valley offers many attractions for the bee man, as the flower
season is longer than is genera lly found in other parts of the
country.
Visitors are coming more freely than ever to Llano. Indeed,
few days pass that' do not bring interested and curious people
to Llano. Llano has much to offer, but it is a fact that she
has not enough to offer. One of the reasons that Llano has
not grown faster from a farming and industrial point of view
is due to the fact that people come· so very fast. People come
faster than houses and places can be built. The war, instead
of stopping the influx of people, will doubtless make it greater.
Conditions are becoming so on the "outside" that living is
growing ha rder and ha rder. and Llano offers about the only
place of refuge and safety in the country.
Most people who come are willing and anxious to put up
with any sort of housing to secure the opportunity of staying
away from the turmoil of comp€:titive strife that is found on
the outside. It is a curious thing that, notwithstanding small
and inadequa te housing for over two years, a place has been
found for every one who was willing to put up with the neces.
.
sary mconvemences.
However, things are getting better. The road to the timber
land is almost finished. Hauling actually could be done over
it now, and there remains but sending the tractor after the
logs to start the mill ' sawing. When the hum and buzz of
the sawmill is heard new hopes and aspiratioRs will fill the
hearts of every one. Vexatious delays have occurred in the
construction of the road, and minor accidents stopped, for the
time. the work of going ahead. For instance, work on the
road was stopped for more than two weeks by the delay in
the arrival of a st-ark-arrester which the government insisted
must be put on the tractor before it could be put to work.
It is ery hard to count on things. When an institution
such as Llano is growing and the diversion of labor i·s so
constant, promises cannot alway:S be kept. It has been remarked often that some people here make promises and then
don't keep them. That is perfectly true. Conditions, as has
been said, control Llano. When one goes on an auto trip
promises go for nothing. Accidents too frequently occur. and
----1
U!
I
'1
By Robert K. Williams
to say definitely when one shall be at a certain place under
such conditions is practically impossible.
The finishing of the log road and the starting of the sawmill has been expected and promised from time to time. Accidents and unusual delays occuri~d and set back the operations.
These things are not within control. It would be perfectly
easy to make promises and keep them if conditions were
standardized. This condition obtains, as well as the other
one of families arriving with household goods, demanding
homes and a place to store the furniture. We run a hotel
and a warehousing and a housebuilding department.
The question is still asked when we shall begin work on the
upper townsite. No one can definitely answer tha.t. Promises
are good, of course, for an early beginning. It would seem
all possible urge is behind it. There are a half-dozen good
reasons why we should move from this townsite to the one
on the slope above. Our intentions are good, and yet there
seems something just across the horizon of unaccountable
things that prevents us from going ahead. However, we
Another View of Scenery Close to Llano.
believe that it is a question of lumber as much as anything
else why the work has not been started.
A few Sundays ago some of the men and women of the
printing and publishing department went to the old brick yard
and made a few large adobe brick as a matter of experiment.
Up to the present these bricks seem to be standing the
weather all right. If the brick are a success, it was the intention to start the print shop first and finish that, and then the
homes of those who work in that department on the new townsite. Adobe brick 6x 12x 18 inches seem to fill the bill in point
of size and can be made quickly, using the old method of
mtxmg. ·However, there is nothing absolutely definite about
this plan. Many changes may occur.
When the newcomer drives over the upper townsite he is
inspired with the view. For this if for no other reason the
town should be moved. Hills off in the blue haze loom large
and grand to the north, east and west. Small hummocks
miles and miles away break the monotony of the great valley.
�The Western Comrade
Page seven
Abont Llaao
Desert land has a peculiar fascination for most people. Some
like the mountains and the majestic grandeur, but the desert
has a mysteriousness that cannot lurk on a mountain crag.
Light and shade changing, ever changing\ lend a charm beyond
expression and has to be viewed to be recognized and appreciated. Desert men come back again arid again to the magnitudes where solitude lends the allurement. An Easterner for
the first time sees little in Western plains, covered with nothing
but sage, cactus and wild flowers. However, after a study of
these plans is begun and the aroma of their foliage sinks into
the blood they are lost to the old ties of the East.
Some of the worst detractors of the West often stay to
become its best boosters. It is surprising how little general
knowledge obtains in regard to California valleys. The great
valieys seem to be different to every person, and it is seldom
one finds that the distant impres~ion is correct. One man
from New York was surprised and disgusted to find "nothing
but sand and sage more than 1,600 miles east of Los Angeles."
He had forgotten his geography and allowed his feelings to
talk.
The Colony is doing ma ny things, and at all times keeping
in mind the one idea, that of getting a living. Work on the
ranch, tilling the soil and growing things, is uppermost in the
minds of those having in charge this important work. Urgent
demand come from all sources to increase the output of
there are a vast crowd of poor people in the nation and jobs
are quickly snapped up.
Freedom at Llano is a real thing.
thralldom of bills,
which is a nightmare to every salaried man or a man working
for wages, is not a factor at all in Llano. We get what we
need from the commissary, or else: eat at the hotel, and when
the month rolls round nothing bu;t a statement, showing credits usually, is received by the worker. Credits, such as we
work for, have a real value. They connect directly with the
stomach. You cannot come into the hotel and eat unless you
possess a ticket. The ticket is as good as any twenty-five-cent
piece. This one fact alone is a fine argument against the
necessity of money, though it is the reigning thing, and we
must not change the system too abruptly. We must grow
into it.
The commissary is growing and expanding in a way that
will make for the betterment of that department. It is true,
everything cannot be kept there. We haven't got the money
to lay in a big supply of this and that. We must keep such
supplies <.s are demanded by the average. This we try to do.
The commissary department is always busy thinking out methods to improve the condition of the shelves.
The question has been asked why people leave Llano and
go to other parts and go to work. There are, of course, many
reasons, but the most po'tent, in my mind, is the lack of a few
The
I. In the Cabinet Shop. 2. In the Mill Yard. 3. The Tin Shop.
vegetables and wheat. Recently a comrade arrived from
Arizona. He was refused beans at a grocery store unless he
would plant them. This demand for more food, while seemingly an old-time trick, cannot help but make for ultimate
solution of the age-old question. When the little gardener
finds it easy to raise stuff with a little help, he will soon see
that it would be much easier to raise and consume with much
more help. Llano, through its co-operative efforts, offers to
the willing worker such an opportunity, and a growing army
of practical co-operators is beginning to learn about it.
When a newcomer is asked how he learned about Llano he
usually mentions some paper or book or one of our publications. This shows that the printed page is reaching farther
and farther, and it is only a matter of time until a great host
will be acquainted with Llano and its efforts to secure economic freedom. It has been mentioned that the war condition will bring people to us. Personally I believe this to be
true. Evidence shows, since it wa~ definitely known that the
United States was going into war. hat a new impetus was
given to inquirers and the arrival of families. Economic conditions will doubtless continue to grow more and more embarrassing, so that the common man and woman will have
great difficulty in even existing. Of course, it is recognized
that many industries will be operated more than ever, but
4. View in Machine Shop.
ready dollars with which to buy some of the commoner of
little luxuries and things they are accustomed to. We are not
self-supporting, and it will be some time before we are. Until
we make it from the land, through live stock, or industries, or
some method of financing not yet adopted, we must deny our~elves luxuries. Of course, those that are contemplating coming a nd have read of us for a long time know the conditions
obtaining and are striving to accumulate sufficient to pay
their way in and still have something left over.
I would like to see every new member comfortably provided for. A few extra dollars in Llano goes farther than
anywhere you ever saw. We carry the ordinary things, but
are not rich enough and old enough to carry a big line of
merchandise. When the time comes that the Colony can pay
some of its wages in cash, there will be a happy crowd in
Llano. I heard a crowd dreaming about the time when the
Colony would be self-supporting and every one had cash in his
pockets to spend. The consensus of opinion was th1.1t, while
they themselves did not want the cash, they thought it would
make for content and happiness should it be known that
every one could get cash when he' wanted it; which reminded
me of the story of the old man who thought he would draw
his money from the bank,. fearing it was unsafe. When the
teller handed it over, the old fellow shoved it back and said:
•
�...
•
Page eight
About Llaao
"Oh, you still have it.'' Oftenti'mes a knowledge of the possession of a thing is sufficient to make one content.
The nights in the high mountains are still cold. The snow
has melted slowly. A little later in the season much more
water will flow. In the meantime work on the tunnel i's progressing. Considerably more water has been secured by openmg up the old tunnel. The work of crossing the creek on or
near bedrock will be pursued. Arrangements to allow the
Big Rock to flow down the 3,000-foot tunnel are made, and
when this is actually done a great deal of seepage will be
avoided and thus saved. At the mouth of the tunnel a new
ditch has been dug, and, being straighter, will, when cobbled,
conserve and bring to the land more and better water. The
engineers and all those interested in this phase of the development of the ranch are sanguine over the water improvement.
It is too early to speak of preparations for fall food conservation, but it may be remarked in passing that a great
The Western Comrade
In last month's story of the May Day celebration an oversight
occurred in my story which caused me serious embarrassment
and chagrin. It was no less than an account of Llano's first
baby show. I herewith append a resume of the artistic affair,
and beg the indulgence of sixteen mothers whose hearts were
delighted with the receipt of blue ribbons for their babies.
Mrs. Robert K. Williams evolveq the idea of Llano holding
a baby show on that festive and historic occasion. The crowd
was right for it and the setting was perfect for its holding.
The mothers with babies fell in line and enjoyed the spirit of
a baby show to the fullest.
Assisted by Comrades Frank E. Wolfe and Mrs. Wolfe and
Mrs. M. G. Buxton, arrangements were quickly made for holding the baby show in the assembly hall after the barbecue had
been disposed of. Bunting tacked to posts placed in a semicircle held back the eager crowd which pushed its way to the
front to view the little tots held on the laps of proud mothers
or nestled a m o n g
s n o w y drapery in
b u g g i e s. Sixteen
m o t h e r s brought
their babies.
Before beginning
the exhibition, Comrade Wolfe. in a felicitous address, told
of baby shows he
had attended and
judged, and said that
years could not dim
the joy of a mother
who received a prize
to show to the child
when grown to manhood or womanhood.
At the conclusion of
his remarks, George
Bowers, manager of
the dairy, made a request to exhibit the
latest arrival in the
The Llano Dramatic Club which offers such good amusement at inten·als for the benefit of the Llano Colonists.
Colony. Mrs. Williams and the others
w e r e puzzled for
quantity of beef and pork will be arranged for, so that the a while at the request, little dreaming what he had up his
sleeve. However, they gave him glad permission to show his
coming winter will not see a shortage on this score.
In coming to Llano, I wish again to impress upon you the friend's baby.
necessity of bringing as much of your household and personal
Mr. Wolfe was assigned the duty of awarding the prize to
effects as possible. All these things have been useful to you, the best baby; he, a diplomat at all times, decided that as
and they will be doubly so here. Don't forget this. Also Llano babies were the best babies, the handsomest babies and
bring as much of your clothing as you can. Don't despise most perfect babies, that a blue ribbon be given to each
the homeliest rag. This is the time of saving, so be saving. ·mother for her baby.
I would advise you to bring as many work clothes, stockings,
When the hearts of the mothers were made glad by the
shoes, etc., as you can . If you do this, you will be less of a receipt of a first-prize blue ribbon and the cooing infants
draw upon your comrades here and, in addition, feel a greater were safely and snugly tucked away in their go-carts, imagine
sense of independence. We, of course, try to supply every the surprise of the committee, and the gale of laughter and
want, but it is impossible, and shortages will occur and trans- surprise, when Bowers came trudging into the hall with a
po tation often fail. Don't forget. also, that dollars are good two-day-old calf pulling at his forefinger. The sturdy little
everywhere, and they are good to pave when you want a bovine was not at all disturbed by the unusual noise and the
luxury or two that is not carried in the commissary.
peals of merriment, but followed greedily on and almost swalThe spirit of the Colony is good, a nd there is a steady lowed Bowers' hand. Proudly picking up the young Holstein
determination ever prevalent of making Llano the first suc- scion in his arms, Bowers walked around the room, and his
cessful colony and beating by a long time the inevitable .co- little one received fond pats and many "Oh, dear, isn't he
operative commonwealth that will be born out of the world cutes:" George was as proud as a mother when a floral
war struggle.
'
wreath was flung around the bulging neck,of "his pet.
J
�...
Page nme
The Weslern Comrade
Quo Vadis?
:T
---~ HE working class argues, quibbles and fights.
The capitalists plan and scheme and set the wheels
'
1 in motion.
- - -'
The working class speculates on, instead of experimenting with, the laws that govern man and society. They .
talk loud of economic forces on which they have no grasp.
The capitalist meanwhile appropriates the earth. The thinking
ones among the workers revel in mental fireworks, while the
capitalist rejoi<;es in material accumulation. As a rule the
capitalist is not very intellectual; but he knows how to invest,
a nd it is this that renders him substance, and substance gives
him the power to buy the specialized brain of the workers.
He pays them for their specialized work, and if they do not
deliver the goods he fires them without ceremony. Hence, if
you, as a worker, want to sell your brain power, you must
have a brain worth buying.
A marketable brain is one that has accumulated experience
a nd trained functions. To acquire these means concentrated
application. Concentration of thought upon the work in hand
is the keynote of education.
Education ~·as given to the workers on·ly because trained
brains were needed in the business world. All brains, however,
a re not of equa l power and capacity. There is an almost immeasurable gulf between the gibbering idiot and an intellectual
giant. There is a long cry between Henry Dubb and a Shakespeare. Their brains have different capabilities, different
incliuations and desires.
The flaming brain is not a class product, but a freak product.
It is a case where nature, in the distribution of vitality, has
endowed the head with a more generous amount of cerebral
acttvJty. This, more than subsequent environment, produces
the leader, the manager, the capitalist. When nature overendows a single faculty we have a genius or a crank.
While science has proven that acquired characteristics are
not inherited by progeny, it has also proven that freaks transmit themselves persistently. The freak favorable to special
environment will multiply there and become a type, a variety,
and finally a distinct species, even as man is a species allied
to but distinct from anthropoid apes (chiefly in his environ.nent) .
Among both working and capitalist classes certain freaks are
born. They are termed "idealists." They are about as well
fitted for the modern competitive business world as the nether
regions are for a powder house.
The idealist is a being in whom the soul inclinations are
~tronger than his equistic instincts. They forget self oftentimes in their passion for the mass. They differ one ' from the
other in many ways, but in this they are a unit in that they
possess large social hopes and fears.
The modern world has no real room for them. They are
prophets in their own country. Their idea of right and wrong,
weak and preserve the
their soul-passion to care for
a~flicted, appeal to the ears of m' ny. Hence the idealist finds
h1s work on the soapbox, on th
tform, in art or in literature. If he is mentally not strong enough. to reach these vocations, he will work at something else under protest, but show
marked tendencies !o the aforementioned fields of activity.
The idealist, be he man or woman, is a prophet of things as
they, in his or her judgment, ought to be. The capitalist, on
the other hand, is a master of things as they are. The idealist
has ideas-mostly unsaleable.
l
s,
John Dequer
The capitalist accumulates the things that feed 'the stomach.
He also seeks after and develops the talent needed to run the
world's business for him. He patronizes the scientist, the
inventor, the discoverer, when these worthies have demonstrated that they have something out of which the capitalist
can make money. True, he will freeze them out, if he can ;
that is true of the small ones, whose ideas ar~- more interesting
than useful.
Do not misunderstand me. I did not say that the capitalist
produces anything. I say he accumulates, and at the smallest
cost in time or money to him. He therefore watches each
opportunity, and, as he is no sucker, he generally investigates,
or sees that some one who is competent investigates, the bait
before he swallows.
Mrs. Capitalist often sympathizes with the poor. She is
charitable to them as long as they are grateful for her smile
and don't strike. The agitator often proves interesting to her.
Thus we see the wild-eyed agitator, the long-haired, mooneyed, philosophical anarchist, sometimes in her company and
sometimes even in her home. But you seldom hear that he
has married into the family or become a partner in her husband's business. He is looked upon as a well-meaning, wholehearted, pleasantly conversational pest, who may be depended
upon to say something perfectly awful, thereby adding breeze
and zest to the otherwise prosy lives of. the idle ladies in the
homes of the masters of industry. A few times I have been
so invilled, and I am frank to say that I felt as if I were an
odd-looking bedbug whom they dared not kill for fear of
being personal. In spite of an occasional dinner party, however, the idealist generally dies poor.
Why? The answer is simple. Life renders two types more
or less distinct. These types look at life from different angles.
One wants and seeks liberty, and is willing to shoulder the
responsibility that liberty entails. The other type wants freedom from responsibility, and therefore has to take the slavery
that such freedom entails.
The capitalist sees where markets may be opened, and he
buys newspaper editors, preachers and teachers, to produce a
spirit needed to get that market. He therefore shoulders
tr<!mendous risks in finance, while the workers, as a mass,
rather fight than think. If they, as a mass, thought, there'
would be no fight, no profit and no capitalists. Here the
idealist shouts, "Fight is wrong; profit i~ wrong, capitalism is
wrong." ·
. .
But profit is here, fight is here, capitalism is here. What
are you going to do about it? Argue; of course.
This world is not run by argument. It is run by work and
thought, by brawn and brain. Both are expenditures of
energy, and in the competitive world men's labor power can
be bought at its value, as food and clothing, and his brain
power at a rate often not much higher. The thinker can turn
his thought into cash and his money into comfort .and power
by the system of markets. There is a great incentive to selfishness. A worker who is endowed with execu-tive brain, who
brings his cerebral action upward to a high efficiency, is paid
more so as to create a distinction between the workers. There
is not room for all in a superintendent's office, we are told.
Granted: but the room iri the really responsible places has
not yet been overcrowded. The fact that the common labor
market is generally congested only shows that the mass of
(Continued on page 22)
�Page ten
Fi c ti 0
D
The Play House
~EDRIC watched the. little girl crossing the lawn toward
him. She must be the one his father :told him about
the night before, when he had come back from his
·_ __ alternating six months, as he himself called his absence, having heard some one speak of the decree which governed the movements of his baby life.
Cedric liked girls. Even if other boys did call him a sissy,
a~ad even though he was seven years old and almost a man, he
liked their pretty, soft dresses, their flying curls, if their hair
happened to be curly, or a bobbing "Dutch cut," if that happened to be the mode of their coiffure. Of course, he
wouldn't have wanted such things for himself, but for girls they
were lovely; girls just couldn't be girls without them, he argued.
And this new one appeared to be all that he could desire. Her
eyes were veritable violets, and her hair, a somewhat frowsy
mass of curls, seemed to be a nest of sunbeams. And she
appeared to be younger than he- much younger. Why, she
couldn't be more than six!
"Hello!" she said, with a most engaging smile. "Are you
the boy that lives here?"
"Sometimes," he responded.
"Yes! I know. I've been waiting most of two months, I
think it is, for you to come home. It's been such a long
time. My mother said you lived here part of the time, and
somewhere else part of the time. I think it's such a funny
way to live!"
"I've· always lived that way," Cedric maintained, stoutly.
He did not like to have the dignity of his position assailed.
"And," he added, somewhat timidly, ''I like to travel." A hundred miles is, after all, quite a trip for a boy to make alone.
"Oh! So do I," replied his visitor, "but I just couldn't do
without either my father or my mother. The three of us go
everywhere together! We are all just crazy about each other.
Daddy says he has the nicest family in the whole world, and
mother would just die without him, I know. Why, when he
is gone just a day or so she watches for him to come back,
and the minute he gets in the house he holds her close in his
arms, and she pats his cheek or runs her fingers through his
hair-it's curly like mine- and calls him her big boy! That
sounds funny, doesn't it, because Daddy is a really man.
Does your mother ever call your father a big boy?"
"No," Cedric responded, slowly. "No, I've never seen my
father and mother together. People call them divorced. I
guess that means they don't live together, and they never love
anybody 'cepting me. When I go to mother's she holds me
up tight and says 'His father's mouth,' and cries on my head
a little ; and when I come home father mumbles something
like 'His mother's eyes more than ever,' and kisses me hard
.. nd almost squeezes the breath out o' me; but that is all they
ever say about each other, and they haven't anybody to love
but me."
"But I suppose you do have awful nice times!" Here the
innate motherliness of woman was uppermost in the desire to
sooth and conciliate.
"Oh! yes," the boy responded, ~rightly. "Mother and I
have lovely times together. We g t~ most places together,
and she has the cunningest little 'lectric runabout, that I can
almost run by myself, and we have such nice little parties, and
mother tells me the nicest stories, nicer than Cinderella and
jack the Giant Killer. I do get sort of lonesome for her
stories, but of course my father is awful busy"-with a valiant
C
-
1
The Western Comrade
By Helen Frances Easley
effort to shield the man-"and I can't expect him to play with
me like a lady would; and anyway I'll soon hear lots of
stories--l'm going to start to schoql in September. I'm seven
years old! But one time father· and I almost had a picnic,
almost. It was just before I went away last time. Father
said he would take me .to his little cabin, so jane packed the
big lunch basket and we went in the automobile. It is just a
teeny little ways, but the lunch basket was too heavy to carry,
so that's the reason we rode. Why, I could find my way
there all by myself, I'm sure! We went to that cunning little
cabin, and father unlocked the door. It was just like a play
house, furnished with the nicest things, and we walked through
the three rooms, and all of a sudden father said: 'Son, we
can't stay here!' I was so 'sprised, 'cause the little house
belongs to him, but when I told him so he only shook his head
and locked the door again. We went 'way back in the trees,
where we couldn't see the little house at all, and ate our lunch;
and it was pretty nice, only father was sort of quiet; but I
should like to see that little house again."
"So would I," the little girl agreed, her interest stirred by
the boy's description of the little house and the cunning furniture. "I just love .to play house. I have one for my dolls.
only it isn't big enough for me to get into. Do you think we
could go there some time and have a little picnic?" Her eyes
were very wistful.
.. "Oh! lets." Cedric rose eagerly. "I'll tell j :::ne, and we
can go now," but he was restrained by a little hand which
pulled him down again onto the lawn.
· "I can't go now," the lips quivered, although the child
struggled bravely to control them. "I can't go without asking
my mother, and I haven't ~een her this morning. Nobody has
paid any 'tention· to me since I got up; even Daddy didn't have
anything to say to me. I had my breakfast in the kitchen.
Why, my hair hasn't been combed even!" Her voice rose
shrilly and she was perilously near tears. "And I was so
lonesome, so when I saw you here I came right over!"
Cedric's manhood asserted itself. He reached out timidly
a nd touched the shining curls.
"Oh! pooh! little girl"- here he remembered that she had
not told him her name- "I wouldn't care about that. Why, I
like your hair that way; it makes me think of the sun fairies
my mother told me about. And if your father and mother
don't treat you nice any more we'll run away to the cabin.
We'll go to-day!"
It was an alluring proposition and brought the pink to her
cheeks. She was contemplating it seriously, when suddenly
a voice broke the stillness.
"Alice! Oh, Alice!"
"That's me!" the child said, sitting up straight. "Oh! how
funny- I dldn 't tell you my name. I know you are Cedric
Wyler, but I guess you didn't know that I'm Alice Roberts."
"Alice! Oh, Alice!"
The voice was coming nearer, and suddenly a pretty maid,
with face flushed and eyes shining, found the children.
"Oh! there you are, honey!" There was no censure in her
voice. ''I've been looking everywhere for you. Guess what is
over at your house. A baby brother! "
Alice was up and flying across the lawn in less time than it
takes to tell, and Cedric, watching her, was filled with jealous
rage. He had been sure that he had found a playmate; she
had almost consented to run away with him, and here she was
�Th e We•lern Comrade
Fiction
returning to her family, the family who had neglected her for a
whole morning, returning to them gladly. A baby brother, indeed! Probably she would never come back again if she had a
brother of her own to play with. He gulped back the lump
in his throat, and Alice, halting at the edge of the lawn,
·
turned suddenly.
"Oh! Cedric!" she called. "Of course, I have to go home
now, but I'll come back soon, for I like you lots! I 'most
forgot to tell you."
It was comforting, and Cedric, greatly mollified, turned toward the house, walking slowly. But the 1nearer he came to
it the quicker became his steps. A brilliant idea had come to
him. He mounted the broad steps, a sturdy ' little figure, and
hurried to his father's study.
"Father."
Page eleven
think. He might never 'ask, but there would a(ways be the
desire for an explanation.
"Pats his cheek and runs her fingers through his hair!"
Ugly sobs shook the man. The boy's ·words had crucified
him. His heart was fearfully and cruelly torn by the memories
so ruthlessly brought to mind.
"Her big •boy!"
No one could ever be sweeter than Laura, no one could
speak love names more caressingly-or have been •truer, he
added it haltingly, almost grudgingly, for his pride was dying
a hard death. He had been to blame; he knew it now, he had
known it for a long, long time, · but it was too late. He himself had made it too late. He could never go back; his attitude had been absolutely unpardonable. No matter 'how humbly he might ask for forgiveness, it would never be granted
"Yes, son." 1
now. He had waited too long, and though he was finding his
punishment well nigh unbearable, he had to admit that it
"I want a brother-no, a sister!"
"Why, son, whatever put that into your head?" exclaimed was just.
He did not appear at lunch. When Jane went to his door
the man, amazed at the request.
"Alice, the new little girl. They have a baby brother at to announce it, he excused himself, saying that he had not
their house. I guess he just came this morning. Anyway she finished his work and that he had better not leave it. So
just found eut about him, and I think I'd like to have a sister!" Cedric ate hurriedly and ' resumed his watch on the front lawn.
"But what would you ·do with a baby in this house? Who He found the house across the road very interesting. He
would take care of it? I'm afraid that neither you nor I wondered what the new brother looked like anyway. He had
never seen a teeny-weeny baby, and although he was sure that
would have time, and Jane is busy all the time, as it is."
Cedric dug his heel into the thick rug and twisted his hands he had been one himself, he had no distinct recollection of
in the pockets of his diminutive "knickers." He was going to what it was like. Anyway he must be quite wonderful, and
mention a subject that was carefully avoided, as if by mutual perhaps Alice 'would not come back for a long, long time,
consent. He had never been denied the right to speak of his three days maybe, at which. thought a blurriness of which he
mother, 1but he always did it timidly, and very seldom, for he was ashamed came into his eyes. He was thi'nking very lonely
felt that the conversation ma de his father uncomfortable. thoughts when he was amazed to see Alice waving at him; not
However, he felt very brave to-day, and his words came only that, she was coming across the road!
steadily as he looked straight into his father's eyes.
He ran to meet her, his face radiant, and she greeted him
"Why, I thought maybe if we got one, maybe we could get with ' a little, gurgling laugh.
my mother to come back and take care of it. Don't you think
"That brother is the cutest thing," she confided ; "so little
maybe we could 'range it?"
and soft, but sort of red; only I don't mind that a bit; the
''I'm afraid not, my son. It's ·quite out of the question. nurse says it •will wear off anyway. But he and 'my mamma
Now run on and play; you see I'm very busy now. I'll see are taking a nap now, and so we have to be so creepy quiet,
'
you soon."
so I asked Annie if I might come over to 'see you, an' she s~id
He strove to speak lightly and succeeded well enough to de- 'Yes' right away, that I could stay all afternoon. Everybody
ceive the boy's ears.
is so smilly and happy over at ·my house that they act just
Cedric walked to the door, opened it and stood with his like they was glad to let me do anything I ask 'em."
hand on the knob.
She twisted her belt nervously as she went on shyly.
"All right, father. I didn't mean to 'sturb you. I just
"And couldn't we go to the little play house? Next to my
thought I'd talk it over with you. Alice thinks we're awful brother, I keep thinkin' of that little cabin you talked about,
queer, and I don't like to be queer. I didn't think you would and I do wish I could see it I"
like it either. But she thinks it· is funny because our family ·
Her tone was very wh~dling and coaxing- an absolutely
is divorced. She says none of theirs could ever get along unnecessary quality, for 'at the mere mention of her desire
.
without all the rest, and when her father is gone for just a Cedric responded with alacrity.
little while her mother waits and looks for him, same as if it
"I just guess so! An' wait a minute. I'll ask Jane to fix
was a long, long time, and when he comes home he holds her us a lunch, just a little one, 'cause we must hurry and get
close up in his arm6,· an' she pats his cheek, and runs her started. An' I'll tell her we're going to have a little picnic."
fingers through his hair, an' calls him her big •boy. It sounded
Several hours later, just at dusk, Annie, the maid of the
sort of funny to me, but nice, and I thought maybe- may- Roberts household, came in search of Alice, and in turn she
be--" The little voice trailed off apologetically. He had and Jane ransacked the Wyler premises for the children. They
taken far too much of his father's time, and so the door closed could find no trace of them.
on the imploring gaze of · e big brown ·eyes, so like his
"Well, bless my soul!" exclaimed motherly old Jane, "Cedric
mother's.
came in and asked me for a lunch and said that he and Alice
Malcom Wyler was a young man, only a few years over were going to have a picnic ·in a play house. Has Miss Alice
.thirty, but as he pushed from him the papers, in which he had a play house?"
lost all interest, he seemed very, very old. The face which
Annie shook her head.
he buried in his hands was working convulsively. What a
"Then where do you suppose the little scamps went? I never
mess he had made ·of life! How vain were all his efforts ! The heard Cedric talk about a play 'house before, and I suppoaed it
boy was beginning to awaken, and his little glimpse of other was some contraption of the little girl's !" She meditatively
people's happiness would constantly cause hi~ to wonder and
(Continuecl on paae 22)
�Page lwclve
Co-op e' r a
The Co-operative M-o vement
LL
HAVE been requested to tell you what I know about
the co-operative movement in England. It is just
about six years since I left there, and, needless to
say, those years have been very eventful. The
whole world has been passing through a series of events which
will leave their mark on history's pages for all time.
I well remember that about the time I left England, a nd for
a couple of years afterward, great business was being done
by the emigration agencies. Everything that could be done
to show the alluring West in a good light and to make it
attractive was done...,.-Qn paper. At that time there was a tremendous army of u nemploye~, which bid fair in a very short
time to deteriorate into an army of unemployab!es. This
condition , allowed to develop, ' was sure, sooner or later, to
prove a great menace to the existing order of things.
Capitalism had already run its course; its industries were no longer
able to absorb the requisite proportion of the labor power
available in order to keep the system running smoothly. We
know full well that capitalism, for its successful operation,
needs an unemployed reserve. But we also know that when
armies were being used to quell the revolting workers. Unemployed demonstrations and hunger marches were every-day
occurrences; and each country seemed. to be competing with
its neighbor to see which could make the most pretentious
demonstration. I "doubt whether the acts of diplomacy performed by the members of the various governments to appease
the demands of labor have been surpassed even by anything
that has been done in the great 'world war. Thoughtful men
and women wondered what was to be the result of this condition. The more acute it became, the nearer the great crisis
when the system must break down. Even you . in this comparatively new country had begun to experience the same kind
of thing. Hired thugs were sent into the disturbed areas, the
captains of industry held the upper hand, and Ludlow is one
of the jewels in the crown of capitalism in this country.
From what I have said, are not some of you able to understand clearer what precipitated the great struggle that is now
in progress between the nations? Do not jump to any conclusions about the cause of the present war, unless you have
been a student of economics. The science 'of economics has
The mounlains abound m p1cmc spots '-"'here Llano <.:itizens may e njoy their vacations.
that reserve grows to undue proportions it is inevitable that always been spoken of to the workers as the dismal science,
trouble will arise. !.::migration was a kind of safety valve and but, if we only knew, it is the key to the whole situation that
served the purpose of easing the pressure. But, with all this, millions are trying to understand at present.
the workers who were left and who could secure employment
But, you will ask, what has this to do with the co-operative
were still able to produ<;e . such a surplus that the markets movement in England? I hope to show that it has much to do
continued to be glutted. There was not 'only a surplus of the with the co-operative movement, ·not only 'in England, but all
commodity labor power, but also of the commodities that over the world. And I shall try to show why I think the
labor produces. The reward of productiveness was starvation . co-operative movement is going to solve the difficulties that
One need not be very 'observant to be able to understand have arisen from the competitive struggle-not only in solving
how this condition was brought a bout. The very fact that labor's problem, but also in making such a thing as a war
any one can find some other ihdividual who is willing to give between nations a n impossibility.
employment and pay wages bas more in it than appears on
We must understand that, in an industrial sense, England
the surface. lndustri"al concerns do not employ men a nd is much older than this country. She was well developed
women because they love them. They employ them because before this country got its start. In fact, I suppose that most
th_eir labor is a source of profit to themselves. Now, because of the machinery at first used in this country was brought over
I happen to have been born in England nd have referred to from England, paving the way unconsciously for a rival in
the condition that existed there, do no
ink that I wanted the commercial field later. All phenomena takes place in due
you to believe that it was a condition peculiar to that country season as the conditions which produce them develop. The
alone. It was not. All the countries of Europe were in the co-operative movement is older in England -than in America
same fix. All had the. same problem to solve. If markets for the reason that the conditions were ripe for the birth of
could only be found; the . problem would be solved for ·a time. ·such a movement. The co-operative movement had in England
But no such markets were to be found, however.
a Socialistic origin, for its founder was Robert Owen. Owen
Industrial unrest was !he order of the day. The standing himself avowed that his grand, ultimate object was "coil!-
...
·I
l
�.t ion
•
Page thirteen
In Great Britain
By . George Grazier
m1,mity in land," with which, he hoped, would be combined
"unrestrained co-operation on the part of all, for every purpose of human life." It is thus important to associate cooperation with Robert Owen, for, although co-operation did
not have a continuous development from that time, he had
the same idea that is guiding the movement, and that is guiding
us here in Llano. The modern co-operative movement in
England may be said to date from 1844, when a few men
in the town of Rochdale, in Lancashire, commenced what
may be termed "the process of joint stock storekeeping." It
is true this is something different from the proposition of Robert
Owen, but we shall see that from the beginning there has
been a gradual development taking place, and there is a
growin g desire for that "unrestrained co-operation on the
I
part of all, for every purpose of human life."
The Rochdale pioneers were a few workingmen, who,
instead of shouting about the high cost of living, simply combined their very limited resources, appointed their directors
and managers, bought their supplies ·direct from the manufacturers, and supplied their members with commodities at
tive movement as il stands t~ay, gammg in strength ·in
propoition to its economic power, wielding political influence
because of the force it can command by and through the
posses.sion of vast economic resources. During 1916 the combined organizations did one thousand million dollars' worth
of business, one organization alone transacting a business
averaging five million dollars per week. Wheat lands in Can~
ada and tea plantations in Ceylon are owned by them. They
are acquiring land in England and raising vegetables and live
stock. · They own eight flour mills, and last year 3,185,963
sacks of flour were milled and delivered to the various distributing societies. This was made into bread, biscuits, cakes,
etc., by co-operative labor. The only eight-hour-day match
factories and cake, biscuit, jam and pickle factories in England
are operated by the!Jl. One of the biscuit factories alone
turns out I ,750,000 cream crackers every day, in addition to
its other products. They are making their own shoes, clothing,
bedding and furniture, and can construct any kind of building,
from a rabbit hutch to any first-class public building. Printing
establishments are owned and controlled by them, and they
Many such beautiful scenes as these are within walking distance of llano Colony.
first cost, thus eliminating middlemen's profits. The same
thing was done in other towns and cities, and there is hardly
a town or city there now without its co-operative store. That
was all right so far, but any one who takes the trouble to
analyze the position would soon find ihat if that was all the
co-operative movement was going to accomplish it may as
well have died at its birth. Because, although the organizations concerned could supply their members with commodities
at a somewhat lower price, this advantage would soon be
counteracted. So long as these men were working for wages,
producing for manufacturers, how long would it be before
wages decreased in proportion to the 'decreased cost of living?
The men whom they had eliminated from the system of dis'tribution would become their competitors for the positions
er. Wages would fall
which the manufacturers had to
again to subsistence level and th co-operative .storekeeping
would be of no advantage. But tke co-operative movement
did not stop there, and the men who saw the necessity of a
distributing medium controlled by themselves, soon discovered
that they in fact gained nothing unless they began producing
u.s well. They learned what was necessary by trying to do
somethi(ig. They might have theorized to this day. The main
thing was to act. They did so, and the result is the co-opera-
even own vessels for carrying cargoes which have been raised
by them or purchased abroad for their consumption.
•
You will readily understand from this that the co-operative
movement there, although a comparatively recent arrival, is
gaining such power and momentum that it is to-day one of
the forces that is fast ·changing the whole industrial and social·
outlook. Let it not be thought that all this has been brought
about without opposition, or that it is so strong to-day but what
capitalism takes every opportunity to challenge its bid for
supremacy. For instance, the tea brokers of the country have
always conducted a campaign against the C. W. S., and even
:~t the present time are doing so. What moves them to do so
is the desire to create unpleasantness for their dangerous and
hateful competitor. Meanwhile the C. W. S. regards these
attacks with calmness. Thanks to the society's own extensive
tea plantations and its financial strength, the traders can do
the C. W. S. no damage. On the contrary, this conflict, as
often in the past, will serve to strengthen its position still more.
Many thought that a great war, such as the one in progress
at the present time, would cause the disruption of the co-operative movement. But, on the contrary, the movement has made
considerable progress. One finds that co-operative organizations are based on the principle that the welfare of its mem-
�Page lourtecn
Co-operation
hers shall be the first consideration. When they start• producing; it is only natural that the providing of food, clothing
and shelter shall be the first great object. This was the condition when the war started. An organization, consisting of
hundreds of thousands of members and reaching ·· from one
end of the country to the other, was doing for itself just those
things which the government was forced by the greed of the
capitalists to do for the whole people. Capitalism collapsed
because of its greed and incompetency. It tried to put on a
bold face in spite of this, and the various interests tried by
bombastic methods to pursue the old course. The government
had always been the faithful executive of the capitalist class
and had always obeyed their every wish. But the government
began to realize that there was something more serious taking
place than ever had taken place before. The very nation
itself was liable to fall into the hands of other exploiters and
to be dominated by them, so it deliberately said: "If you
want these glorious privileges preserved for yourselves, you
will have to allow us to run the business." It took a time to
convince them, but the fact that the German military machine
had done this long ago and controlled practically all production and distribution, not only for the army and navy, but for
the general public as well, convinced them that they must
give way or lose all. It is a sure thing that if some of these
keen business men, as they are called, had been allowed all
the rope they wanted they would surely have come to grief.
However, their faithful executive, the government, prevailed,
with the result that the military machine of the Allies is making
a bid to equal the German machine in perfection. The individual capitalist and corporation there must be careful not to
be too bold at present.
But what happened to the co-operative organizations? Did
the government take them over? No. Why not? Because
they were organizations founded to render service to thei·r
members, and the government well knew that if one part of
the nation was now producing and distributing the necessities
of life through an efficient organization it would be easier for
them to manage the rest. Therefore it was a wise policy to
allow the co-operative organizations to go on the same as
before the war. There were several reasons for this: First,
the co-operators were manufacturing and distributing goods
that the people could not do without. They were producing
what the people actually needed. Secondly, their factories
and machinery were such as could not readily be used for
the manufacture of munitions and implements of war. So the
government felt that just to the extent of the co-operative
organizations' activities were their own responsibilities lessened. These very facts prove to the world the difference
between capitalistic and co-operative production. One is production for profit; the other for use. At the time of a national
crisis capitalistic methods were found to be useless and a
hindrance; while co-operative methods, originating with th e
idea of rendering service, filled the bill. The normal functions
of the co-operative enterprises were of such a nature that they
were bound to aid in the prosecution of the war. It was
unavoidable-to refuse to operate would just mean cutting off
all.
their own supplies and sacrific'
Apart from that, the thing to note is that co-operation as a
system has proved to be efficient. Where it was not already
in operation the governments have enforced it to suit their
own purpose. After the war it will be up to the people to
see that the system of co-operation is maintained, not to fit
each nation with the teeth and claws of Mars, but to produce
tho~ things th(lt are necessary to every nation's well-being.
Capitalism has starved the people in the midst of plenty. It
The Western Comrade
will be the function of the co-operatively managed nations
in the near future to see that equitable distribution is made,
thereby abolishing poverty and all incentive to crime, individual or national.
You ask, how is it possible for a nation to commit crime?
I submit that the principle underlying criminality is the same,
whether applied to an individual or a nation. To cause unnecessary suffering can be construed in no other way, and the
present war is the greatest crime of the ages. However, those
that hope to gain by it will lind, after all the smoke and thunder of battle are passed away, that instead of the supremacy
for which they hoped, they have really ushered in a new order
of society. Very few people realize that at the present time
a social revolution is being effected. The co-operatqrs of the
world have tried to effect it peacefully in a practical way. The
so-called political leaders tried to accomplish it by passing
resolutions and making speeches. The old trade-unionists
never had any conception of what a social revolution meant.
All they ever troubled about was keeping pace with the increasing cost of living, and a devil of a time they had.
While speaking of this, I just want to refer to an editorial
in an English co-operative magazine called "The Producer."
Commenting on the activities of the Labor Party there, it says:
"The Labor Party does not yet seem to have realized that for
the economic betterment of the people, collectively owned
fields, factories and workshops are better than speeches and
resolutions; they could, in fact, be made more effective in
the economic welfare of the workers than almost any kind of
legislation. When we are treading the paths of national
legislation we are upon very uncertain ground, that is apt to
give way at any moment. But when we capture fields and
grow wheat, build factories and manufacture goods, erect
warehouses and distribute the contents one to another, we
know we are getting on solid ground."
The progress made in the older countries should give us
encouragement in our work here. Consider that the organizations there ha ve kept in touch with one another in the most
friendly manner, even though the governments have declared
the countries to be at war. The co-operators were helpless to
prevent the war. It was useless for them to pit their forces
against a machine that was a thousand times as strong as themselves, and which they knew was determined to crush everything that stood in its way. Co-operators here extend the glad
hand to co-operators in other countries. Our interests are the
same. Wars can never arise between us. It is only where an
antagonism of interest exists that war is a possibility.
Once get a national co-operation firmly establishe::l, and
war will be a thing of the past.
TO KEEP IN TOUCH WITH LLANO COLONY
Read of Llano in the lLANO COLONIST, the weekly paper telling
in detail of what is being achieved, giving an intimate peep into
the daily lives, the smaller incidents of this growing, thriving insti tution .
Read, too, the WESTERN COMRADE, the illustrated monthly
magazine, giving more complete articles concerning ihe Colony,
showing photos illustrating its growth, etc. The editorials, and
many other special features, are making it one of the leading
Socialist magazines of today.
·
For subscriptions to the Publications, changes of address, etc.,
please write
~
lliE lLANO PUBLICATIONS
llANO, CALIFORNIA
�The
We s I e r n
Cofm r a.d e
Page fifteen
Was Schmidt Guilty?
.H
I
'H
l This is the third installment of Comrade Harriman's address in the trial.
of the Los Angeles Times dynamiting cases.]
ERE let us turn the light on McManigal, the felon
called as the principal witness for the state.
Mr. McManigal is a self-confessed murderer. He
'- - - claims to be guilty of the murder with which this
defendant is charged. He pleaded guilty to the charge of
conspiracy in Indianapolis, and has testified in this prosecution,
the theory of which is that the conspiracy charged in Indianapolis is a continuing conspiracy, and that every one involved
therein is guilty of the murder of Charles Haggerty. After
testifying in Indianapolis, the prison doors were opened, this
criminal, McManigal, shook off his chains, walked out, was
give;t a thousand dollars in cash by the County of Los Angeles,
and told to go his way in peace.
That was the price paid for his testimony in Indianapolis
and upon this stand. What a willing, anxious witness! Why
should he not be willing? Was not his liberty at stake?
Would he swear a man's life away for his own life and liberty? Would he not kill a man, with an oath, for his liberty,
if he would kill a man with a gun when his liberty was only
in jeopardy? What a tender-hearted, loving father the prosecution would have you believe him to be. What a fiend incarnate was he before they caught him! What a change of heart
the third degree, coupled with a promise of liberty, and a
thousand dollars cash on the side, will work in the heart of a
murderer! He was not always thus, a hired butcher, bought
wit~ ;;te price of his own liberty. He was not always a saint,
with a loving heart throbbing with parental kindness. In 1907,
when the violence first began in the 'East, McManigal was
merely a workingman, that is all. Just a man working on the
job, helping to erect steel buildings the same as other working
men.
I want you to pay particular attention as I repeat the unreasonable and improbable and false story of McManigal.
He testified that he was working in Detroit on the Ford
building when he met a man by the name of Hockin. That
statement is probably true. He said that there was a building
in the neighborhood under way of construction, upon which
a number of non-union men were working; that the union
men working on the Ford building were ordered to watch the
non-union men on the other building and to follow them to
the car that they took on their way home, and, when they got
off, to give them a beating; that the men working on the Ford
building followf':d the orders of Hockin and beat the nonunion men, much to the satisfaction of Mr. Hockin, but that
he, McManigal, refused to obey the orders--that he did not
believe in that sort of business and remained at home. Do
you think it was his tender heart that kept him there? Might
it not have been his physical cowardice? Personal warfare
with bare fists requires some courage. Are we quite sure that
this saint of Mr. Noels, made thus by promises of liberty and
cash payment, has the kind of courage necessary to enter a
contest with bare fists? You heard he"' pad the nerve to carry
pure nitro-glycerine on long trips. Well, yes! But he was
familiar with nitro-glycerine and knew how to handle it with
safety. That required nerve, not courage. But did he not
put this nitro-gly_cerine in many places, undei' the most difficult
circumstances? True, he did. But you must remember that
many cowards are the best shots. It is their cowardice that
makes them good shots if their hearts are wicked. You will
remember that this loving father so tenderly cherished by
Mr. Noel had always with him a brace of .38 repeater Colt
revolvers. · The penalty the law placed upon him for destroying
property was imprisonment. The penalty he placed upon an
attempt to catch him was death. What a father! What a
tender heart! What do you think of a man who would take
a human life rather than be imprisoned for a few years for
committing a crime? He could blow down a bridge and murdP.r a man rather than be caught. If he could murder a man
with a gun, in cold blood, rather than be imprisoned, how
much more willingly would he murder a man with an oath,
rather than be hanged?
Listen to the story of this man. When he refused to join
what he calls the entertainment committee, he tells us that this
man Hockin, hitherto a stranger, told him that since he refused
to assist in beating the non-union men, he would have to blow
up a building with dynamite. He testified that he protestedthat he did not want to destroy property; that it was wrong;
that he would quit work and go back to Chicago before he
would do such work; that Hockin was incorrigible and told
him that he must blow up the building ; that if he quit work
and went back to Chicago he would be boycotted and would
not be able to go to work; that Hockin told him to wait while
he went up into Canada, where he would get the dynamite;
that Hockin went and returned without the stuff. What an
improbable story. The story is impossible. Do you think the
organizer of a labor organization would pick up a stranger and
force him to blow up a building with dynamite? You must
remember that there was a strike on, and at such times spies
are as thick as maggots in a festered sore. Do you not know
that organizers have long since learned to be exceedingly
cautious at such times? Were the organizer to force such an
act, it would only be necessary to disclose the fact to one of
the spies, some of whom are always present and known.
No organizer or any other man would try to force a man to
commit such a crime at such a time. By doing so he would
place not only the strike, but the entire organization, in
jeopardy, and himself in prison. Of all methods yet employed
to procure the commission of a crime, this one is certainly the
most unique. Clever-no, the story is not even clever. It is
coarse and inconsistent with the remainder of this felon's story.
Do you not remember that he said they conducted their campaign of destruction with profound secrecy? Do you not
know that such acts must be done in secret? Do men herald
such acts to the world? No! No! Those are the class of
acts that are kept under the bushel. Indeed, they must be
kept under the· bushel. Whatever success attends them depends on secrecy. Yet this man Hockin took every chance
of heralding it to the world by picking out a stranger, and
forcing him, against his will, to commit a crime. Do you
believe such stuff? Is this man to hang on such testimony, or
on the testimony of a man who lends himself to such unreasonable stories to gain his own liberty, together with a thousand
dollars in cold cash on the side? Cash-that was a mere
"gift" to show that the people of Los Angeles County were
good fellows! Do you remember the umbrella story? Here
is another, equally corrupt, unreasonable and false. A story
so utterly and completely at variance with the methods of
secrecy that must be employed under such circumstances can
only be looked upon with disgust. And to him must be turned
a deaf ear, consigning him to dwell among those angels whose
�,
Page sixteen
The Western Comrade
wings, while on earth, were made of iron barrels, and leaden was at a banquet. He was soon released, and, congratulating
•
balls, and whose trails were slimy with human gore.
each other, they discovered that they .had launched a unique
Now let me tell you what really happened. You will re- campaign of destruction, with McManigal as the chief actor
member that the resolution of 1906 was being rigidly en- and with H9ckin as the directing general. These two, and no
forced. That there was a strike on in Detroit. That the more, knew the facts at the time.
union men were suffering defeat in every quarter and the
.This job at Detroit, according to McManigal, ·was the first
dissolution of the union seemed inevitable. Consternation was job pulled off. It was in 1907. Immediately thereafter Hockin
abroad and their hearts were sinking into despair.
went to Indianapolis and revealed the plot to j. ]. McNamara
At this moment McManigal came to Hockin. Who was and Ryan. He told them of McManigal's plan and how they
McManigal then? Not a perjured villian, nor an angel, but had successfully carried it out; how the strike was settled and
merely a man who, like other men, was in the struggle to better the union men in Detroit had been put to work on the wrecked
his condit!on. He was, like the others, struggling for higher building. I think I see these officers as they sit in consternawages and an eight-hour day. He had been a miner, accus- tion, listening to the story and the proposals of this terrible
tomed to handling and using dynamite. He knew the terrible campaign. They were confronted by an overpowering enemy.
havoc that would be strewn in its wake. He was cunning as Their efforts were futile. They were suffering defeat after
a fox, stealthy as a cat and conscienceless as a viper. It is to defeat at the hands of the Steel Trust, with no hope of success
this man that the campaign of destruction is due.
by using methods prev{ously employed. They were losing
He went in secret to Hockin. J think I can hear him, whis- their old and staunch members. Members were quitting who
pering his mildew into Hockin's ear as he tells him of his had faithfully fought long and hard and who were being forced
former occupation and how he could turn the tide in their by hunger to heed the call for bread. The organization was
favor by destroying the property of their enemies. We can disbanding. Despair was abroad in the ranks, and unless
almost hear him say, "I can run down to Tiffin, Ohio, and 3omething more effective could be done the union would soon
get all the dynamite we need. My uncle and father live there, be a thing of the past. Dangerous as was this new plan, and
and I know the men in the mines, and they will sell me the though criminal in its character, yet these men, as all men
stuff. You give me the money and I will buy the dynamite engaged in war, felt that any course that would save their
and fuse , bring it back, and you can leave the test to me. organization, and hence the lives of their members, was justiOn that night you had better be somewhere all the evening, fiable . Expensive as it might be, and dangerous as it might
for they know you and they might arrest you. I am not known become, they concluded that nothing could be more expensive
and they will never suspect me. Take it from me, Hockin, nor more dangerous than a funeral. They could not see th~t
after this is over they will be afraid of more to follow and such a course led inevitably to the grave, but hoped, as all
men in despair hope, that whatever will save for the moment
they will make peace with us.".
Facing an inevitable defeat and sinking in despair, Hockin will save forever.
And thus the campaign of destruction was launched. At
grabbed at this fatal straw. Money was supplied and McManigal started on his way to Tiffin. There he met his father and that time only the four men, Hockin, Ryan, J. ]. McNamara
uncle, to whom he told his story with the glee that always and McManigal, knew the plan.
shows in the face of the man who . is about to commit what
That ail matters might be understood and settled beween
he believes will be a successful crime. His father and uncle , them, McManigal was brought to Indianapolis. It was then
of kindred criminal blood, lent their assistance to him in his and there that the terms were settled and agreed upon. You
mad career. The dynamite and fuse were bought and he will remember that McManigal said it was a matter of business
went on his way with them to Detroit. You will remember with him. That he did not care to go from 'work to dynamiting
with what cunning he opened the door leading from the alley and thence to work again. That he would either have nothing
into the building, where he placed one charge and lighted to do with it or he would make it a b ·~ ;iness and work at it all
the fuse. Then, closing the door, he returned to his room, the time. The price agreed upon was $200 a shot, all things
where he had left the other two charge~ for other buildings. furnished and expenses paid.
Soon the crash came. Then, lying on his bed, he heard the
McManigal testified that he was told not to visit Indianapolis
calling of the newsboys, "All about the great explosion." I nor to be seen with ]. ]. McNamara except at long intervals.
think I can hear him chuckle as he cut the item from the Do you know what this means? It means secrecy. Secrecy
paper and sent it to his uncle and father, telling them of his is the primal necessity of such an undertaking. The union
great success. Does not this fact prove beyond all question movement would not support such a course. The law conthat his story was false; that he was not forced to commit demned it. Public knowledge meant failure. Stripped of'
the crime; that he was not acting under protest; but that the every trace that would lead to Indianapolis and communicating
crime was of his own choosing; that he was proud of his own with that office through Hockin, the machinery was ready and
accomplisment? And that he hastened to tell his accomplices McManigal went on his way.
of his glee and of conquests yet to come?
For the first time in the history of the Iron Workers' Union,
Looking up and down the street, he saw a policeman at dynamite was purchased. I say this without fear of contraeach corner. He thought that he was discovered. Going diction. The prosecution broke into the office of the Iron
other charges into small bits, Worke.rs' Union at Indianapolis, took all the records, and is
hence to his own room, he cut
dropped them into the closet a repaired to the street, leaving a rmed from head to foot with all the facts in the case. Had
no trace behind. Rather a successful man to have been there been any purchase of dynamite previous to this state, the
chosen by chance. No, he was not chosen by Hockin. He records would have disclosed the fact. The prosecution would
.vas chosen by himself to carry out his own dire plot. He did have presented those letters and you would have be_en app~ised.
it with skill, and cunning, and success.
.
j"Was Schmidt Guilty?" began in the May number and will nm for
And Hockin? What became of him? He was arrested, as
McManigal said he would be. He had prep!lred hi~ alibi. He several months. Back numbers, ten cents a copy.l
a
�The
estern Com'J'ade
The Socialist· Party-Where. ls It? _
8 Y_
T and West. North and South, the Socialist Party
State SecretaJy Williams has wmpiled a brief staWn.ent in
has been rent asunder. _Fragments have split off; which he has enumerated tbe chi~f changes. They. ate "\\--ell
factiom have formed; schisms have been created. worth ·noting:
.---- World-wide problems have wrought world-wide havoc
Chief Provisions of New Constitutictn.
with every institution, and nationalism has risen superior to
Fint-Four regular referendum deetions per yeaH!~ janue.ry, April,
internationalism. The Socialist Party of every country has July an-d October. ·
. Second-State Executive Committee to consist of nine members, to be
suffered.
by Industrial Groups.
But in the United States where the party was weakest, where elected
Third-Work of Locals confined to propaganda, educati
and 0'1!An•
the leprosy of dissolving party membership has reduced the lzation_ LocalS will have nothing to do with the political activity of the
membership and the tuberculosis of falling vote has closed the party.
Fourth-Locals will have no territorial jurisdiction. Locals wiU hav11
field of new recruits, while the mal-nutrition of lost interest
has brought despair to the entire movement, the effect has jurisdiction over their own members only.
Fifth--Any five - individuals may unite IUid ·organize 11 Local without
been even worse.
regard to residence of members or the territory covered.
Two factions have been forming for some time. One looks
Sixth- There may be as many locals in any community as the~ a~
backwards to Karl Marx for instruction, and regardless of groups of live or more desiring to unite in forming n Local.
present day necessities, of the problems of this period or of the ,.. Seventh- All existing branches will automatically become Locals and
o rerogoized by the State Oflice.
exigencies of new conditions turns, like the Moslem, its face
Eighth-All of the political activity of the party will hereafter be admin·
always to the East.
istered by all of the party membership, witho!lt regard to Local Ortl&nita•
The other faction faces the problems
tion.
Ninth- No group of comradea can set to·
of today and looks toward the logic
gether in a city or county and anumc control
of today for the answers. Without deof all political activity of the party, nor can
precating the wisdom of Marx, this facTHIS is the new clause that is to
they interfere with any campaisn bcins contion gently reminds the Socialists that
ducted in some political subdivision of the city
deliver the Socialist Party of
Marx is dead, and that the dead hand
or county.
California out of the hands of those
Tenth- In case a majority of the memben
of the dead Socialist is no less dead
who have choked it slowly till life
residing in two or more political aubdiviaiona
tban the dead hand of the dead capof the city wish to do so, they may co-operate,
italist.
is nearly extinct, who have preventproviding a majority of the memben in each
Two significant conventions ha.ve
ed co-ordinated action, who have
subdivision are agreed.
been held in the last few months.
Eleventh- Members of the State Executive
made it an ineffectual shell :
Committee automatically become State Organ·
One was at Fresno, February 17,
izers for the particular Industrial Group elect18. and 19. California Socialists met
"Socialist Locals shall be organizing them, and are amenable to aaid group.
and formu lated two constitutions, the
ed without regard to political subT welfth- AII members at large will pay
majority report and . the minority
$2.50 dues per year, payable in advance.
divisions. The jurisdiction of said
report.
Thirteenth- All new applicant• for mem•
Locals shaD be confined to members
bership in the party mull pay $'1 on admit•
The other was at St. Louis, April 7.
sion, to be applied as followa : Twenty-five
thereof."
Th emergency convention met and
cents for the State Bulletin, 15 centt to pay
formulated a majority report and three
for the national duet for three month1, and
minority reports.
60 cents to be applied to the Stale Organiza•
At F re no there was a desire on the
ion fund. The member in return therefor will
part of the majority to make a more radical constitution, to receive the Stale Bulletin for one year, and a memberahip card, duly
dopt timely measures, to use methods that would lead the stamped, for three months.
The Socialists of California are endeavoring to put the party
p rty forward.
on a firm foundation. The Constitution was adopted only after
t t. Louis, the majority had nothing new to offer.
The Fresno majority constitution carried by a three-to-one a systematic and careful study of conditions had been made.
The conservative element fought it with the arguments
vot .
Jh
t. Loui majority report is being suppressed by the conservatives usually use. They wished to continue in the
authorities a being editious, and a number of prominent same old way.
One of the worst features tbe Socialists have to contend
ci list are in jail or out on bail as a result of distributing
with is the professional disrupter. He is the man loude•t in
them.
It is not th fact that the t. Louis majority report is sedi- his talk of the "bourgeoisie" and the "proletariat.'' of the
tious that ma kes it significant; the effort of the radicals "class struggle" and th.e "working d a5s." With these words
here re likely to be considered as such by the powers he establishes himself as a Socialist, and then begins systematically to drive out those who really belong to the working
.that be.
The significant thing is that th
assumed to be leading class and who feel the class struggle without forever talking
thin ' n in the
'alist mowem
of America had nothing about iL
Under the old Constitution the best locals were conttandy
wnstructiv to offer in the face of an emeJgeJJcy and in the
fl.\ of ch · 'ng embersbip and a reduced vote. They being broken up and the best worken disgwted by the tactics
wuld :su~t nothing to overcome these conditions. _They of these disruptcr5, many of whom were honest enough in
m
~erated their position. known to e eJ}' one "'-ho. bas their intentions.
VIet gi en the
'ali:sts eTeD a moment' thought_
Uode.. the new Constitution it is easy to form Dew foc.aJf.
Ho dilrerent the SJeD - eot a t FRSDO! TheR: oonsbuctive and those who come to caw;e dissension cannot bold a focal
meuwes ~
•
a
but 1IR:R adopted.
c~- ~22)
�Page eiahteaa
The Western Comra!;le
News and Views In Agriculture
Laying Contests Have Shown
That the 200-egg hen is a very substantial present-day reality. .
That it is possible for the .lomestic fowl to produce more than 250 eggs
in 36S consecutive days.
That high fecundity is primarily a strain or family rather than of breed• .
'That the selection and mating of highly prolific birds can result in a
marked m.iprovement of the average egg production.
That the continued selection of breeding stock upon lines that emphasize
inherent tendency to ovarian activity is inclined to alter the weight e.nd
conformation of certain pure breds.
.
That the average weight of the eggs from both high and low producing
strains can be materially increased through selective breecfuuz.
That the trap nest or the single-bird pen is the only absolute index to a
,
bird's capacity for egg production.
That when other things are equal the so-called mongrel may be the
equal, if not the superior. of many strains of pure breds.
That the absence of male birds from the laying pens does not affect the
egg yield.
That the heavier breeds arc the best winter layers.
That an abundant supply of plain, wholesome food in conjunction with
p roper housing and management is conducive to increased production.
That the cost of feeding does not in itself make for profit or loss in the
poultry business.
That the efficiency of different so-called standard rations cannot be ex actly determined from their use in connection with small experimental pens
of birds of unknown performance.-Charles Opperman in The Country
Gentleman.
A Good Contact Insectide for Sucking Insects
\
Lime ·-··---··--·--······--···- ·-- -------- ··- ··-··--·······--40 pounds
Sulphur (Bowers) ···----- - ------···············------30 pounds
Water, to make................·--·--------·----···-··-··· I 00 gallons
Heat in a cooking vat or other vessel about one-third of the total quantity of water required. When the water -is hot, add all of the lime, and al
once add all of the sulphur, which should previously have been made into
a thick paste with water. After the lime is slaked, another one-third of
the water should be added, preferably hot, and the cooking should be
continued for an hour, when the final dilution should be made, using either
hot or cold water, as is most convenient. The boiling due lo the slaking of
the limo thoroughly mixes the ingredients al the slarl. but •ubsequenl stirring is necessary if the wash is cooked by direct heal in kettles. After the
was has been preapred, it must be strained through a line sieve as it is
being run into the spray lank.- Fred P. Roullard, Horticultural Commissioner, Fresno County.
Locating the Apiary
In selecting a location for the apiary, dense shade is objectionable,
whether it be brush, arbor o r la rge trees, on account of the inconvenience
of getting swarms, which will use this for a settling place. It is also objectionable on account of keeping the early morning sun away from the bees,
and thus keeping them in the hive late in the day, when they should be a l
work.-J. B. King, Texas Department of Agriculture.
Use for Peanut Hulls
Utilization is :ow being made of the peanut hull. In Johnson County,
Texas. a contract was closed recently for a hundred carloads of peanut
hulls to be used in a mixed feed for live stock. This utilization of the entire
peanut plant will no doubt prove a factor in feed prices next season.
The general opinion of lieldmen in that section is that the forthcoming
Ji>eanul crop will be more profitable to the producer than in the past seasns.
- W. E. B., in The Country Gentleman.
Radishes and Lettuce--Directions for Planting
Radishes and lettuce are favorite plants in small gardens because, while
these are attractive additions to the ~ they are in a way luxuries on
which many housewives hesitate to s~d money.
Lettuce does not withstand heat well and thrives best, therefore, in
the early spring or late autumn. In order to have the leaves crisp and
tender it is necesaary lo force the growth of the plant. The usual method
of growing the plant for home use is to sow the seeda broadcast in the bed
and to -remove the leaves as rapidly aa they become large enough ·for use.
It ia better, however, to aow the seeds in rowa fourteen to aixteen inchea
apart. This will result in the formation of rather compact heads and the
entire plant may then be cut for use. For an early crop in the North, the
plants should be started in a hotbed or cold frame and transplanted as
soon as hard freezes are over. In many sections of . the Sauth the
seeds. are sown during the autumn and. the plant allowed In remain in the
ground over winter. Frequent shallow cultivation should be given the
crop; and if crisp and tender lettuce is desired during the summer months,
some form of partial shading may be necessary.
Fo-r head lettuce, Big Boston, Hanson and California Cream Buller are
good varieties. For loose-leaf lettuce, Grand Rapids or black-seeded
Simpson are recommended. -United Stales Department of Agriculture.
Don't Use Rhubarb Leaves
Because rhubarb leaves contain certain substances which make then.
poisonous to a great many persons, specialists of the United Stales Department of Agriculture warn housewives against using this portion of th~
plant for food.
A number of letters have been received by the depart-
ment calling altention to the fact thai certain newspapers and magazines
are advocating the tose of rhubarb leaves for greens, and that disastrous
results have followed the acceptance of the advice.- United States Department of Agriculture.
Value of Peanuts for Oil and Meal
One ton of peanuts will yield eighty gallons of oil valuable for human
food purposes, as salad oil and in cooking, and 750 pounds of meal, which
contains 48.26 per cent protein and 9 per cent fat and makes a more
valuable live stock feed than does cottonseed meal.
Peanut oil is one of the most important of the world's food products.
F ranee uses about 16,000,000 gallons of edible oil and 23,000,000 gallons
of low-grade oil in the manufacture of soaps each year, while Germany
uses about 6,000,000 gallons of high-grade oil. It is noteworthy that of
the 1,500,000 gallons of peanut oil annually imported .to America more
than half passes through and is used in the manufacture of oleomargarine.
- Hawaiian Tiller.
The Improvement of Nursery Stock
In order that nursery stock may be improved in the broadest sense of
the word, the orchardist must be continually on the alert In observe all
that is desirable among Nature's raw materials, the chance seedlings and
bud sports; the plant breeder must lake the most desirable I rails from
the best we have in each fruit and endeavor to combine them; the scien ·
tific investigators of our experiment stations must enter the practically
neglected field of root stock investigation and determine not only the
affinity between stock and scion, but the root that is best adapted to
certain soil conditions and best adapted to resist insec t pests and plant
diseases; while the nurseryman, profiting by all that these have done, must
get out of the rut of blind and thoughtless following of old horlicultu r.•l
trails that have naught but antiquity lo recommend them, and he must
fully understand the great responsibility resting upon him as counselor and
guide to many orchardists. He should never forget the cruel disappo'nlment to some one tha t must inevitably follow either his carelessaess or
his dishonesty if he should allow stock to leave his hands other than tha:
which his customer desires. He must place his business on a higher plane
than that of mere buying and selling, and must feel that it is his m;ssion
In be an agent in helping Nature add to the welfare of mankind.-A. L.
Wisker, Lorna Rica Nursery, California.
Government Aid for Purchase of T rae tors
The Italian Ministry of Agriculture has issued a notice fixing rules
whereby agricultural bodies and societies in Italy may obtain a government
contribution toward the cost of acquiring tractors for mechanical plowing.
The grant will be conceded In these bodies up to thirty per cent of the
total cost and, the Board of Trade Journal states, this figure may be increased to forty per cent in the event of not less than five tractors being
employed in any one Province. In the case of private persons the grant
will not exceed twenty per cent. This is not only a practical solution
of the problem of greater production that we hear so much about but
dlso mighty good co-operation between government and farmen.-"The
Organized Farmer.''
Sweet clover is adapted to a wider range of climatic condition• than any
of the true clovers, and posaibly alfalfa.- United Statea Department of
Agriculture.
�Co-operatioa
The Western Comrade
Page nineteen
Co-operation the \Vorld Over
Notes About (he 1Chief Co-ope·ratives Gleaned from· Many Sources
The Salvation of Irish Farming--Co-operation
In 1888 the struggling fanners of Ireland were exploited to the point
of a bare s~bsistence by railroads, middlemen, commission men and banl..ers. Families v·egetated in grinding, degenerating poverty, until nearly all
the ambitious youn~ men, cognizant of the doom which awaited them on
their own soil. emigrated to America.
Sir Horace Plunkett, father of co-operation among farmers in Northwestern United States, after making an exhaustive study of Irish conditiono,
proposed as a remedy for this wretched poverty-<:o-operation. With the
assistance of the enthusiastic Father Finlay, Plunkett induced a group of
farmers in 1889 to form a co-operative creamery, the first co-operative
enterprise in Ireland.
·1he ftrsl year this society did a business of $21.815. The next year
Plunkett organized sixteen more creameries, which in 1891 did a business
of $251,910. At thi• juncture the movement was strong enough to enter
the field of co-operative banking. Not having a rational and adequate
credit supply, they established a series of co-operative banks and credit
societies, lendino money for one and two per cent Ieos than tha t lent by
private compan~s. This last move aroused the for_c es of capita_lism to a
realizatio n of the pO\\'erful enemy in the person of Co-operallon. For
seven years. the corrupt interests fought the movemenl bitterly. But
co -operatio n triumphed, and to-day is the most inspiring agrarian movement in the wo rld.
Ireland
v h
the following co-opera tives:
193 agricultural, 235
credit, 18 poultry 18 home industries, 52 pig and cattle supply, 10 flax
and 29 miscellaneous. In 1913, 985 co-operative societies did a business
There are 300,000 farmers in Ireland, more than a
0 [ $16.665,900.
third of whom are enrolled in the various co-operative societies. All of
this has been accomplished under the auspices of the Irish Agricultural
Organization Sociey, organized and directed by the inspiring genius of Sir
Horace Plunkett.
The results? The incomes of the farmers, by abolishing the sources of
exploitation through co-operative endeavor, have almost been doubled.
Farming, previously the most dismal occupation in the island, has become
force that has triumphed. Great trusts have gone .down before it. In
Switzerland _it vanquished the beef trust, in : Sweden the sugar trust, .;,.d
in England the so~p trust. It has prevailed against great obstacles.
Whereas the workers have noto riously suffered defeat at the ballot box
in their contests with privileged interests, the co-operators, in their great
contests with the vested interests, have always won the victory.
The pewerful combines, with capital, unscrupulous CNntrol of politics, and
the force of vested interests behind them, have been beaten by organizations largely composed of working people. Co-operation has succeeded
·against the greatest economic odds.- James Peter Warbasse.
Co-operation is the act of working together towards a common end or
uniting for a common purpose. The success or failure of co-operation
lies not in co-operation itself, but in the individual who co-operates or
fails to co-operate.- California Fruit Exchange.
Co-operative Bull Associations
Co-operative bull associations are fonned by farmers for the joint ownership, use and exchange of high-class, pure-bred bulls. In addition, lhey
may encourage careful selections of cows and calves, introduce better
methods of feeding, help their members market dairy stock and dairy products, intelligently fight contagious diseases of cattle, and in other ways
as.ist in lifting the dairy business to a higher level. Incidentally, the
educational value of such an organization is great. The history of the
co-operative bull association showo that it is especially adapted to smail
herds, where a valuable bull for each herd would constitute ·too large a
percentage of the total investment. Thus the organizatien enables even
the owners of small herds to unite in the purchase of one go.d bull and
each to own a share in a registered sire of high quality. Though still in
its infancy, the co-operative bull association movement promises eventually
to become a very great factor in the improvement of our dairy cattle.
At the present time there are in the United Stales thirty-two active bull
associations, with a total membership of 650, owning about 120 pure-bred
bulls. -United States Bureau of Animal Husbandry.
Co-operative Canneries
Ambitious and energetic young men an~ women a~e
It is estimated that the co-operative canneries of· the United States
now remaining on the farms, gladly taking up the occupation of thetr
parento-the best proof in the world of a thri ving rural population.
What a contrast here to the suffering and privation of competition!
a joy and a science.
Alaska ln.dians Operate Co-operative Stores
handled over $158,000,000 worth of the canned and dried fruits and vegetables marketed last year. Practically all of the co-operative canneries
in the United States are found in the Pacific Northwest and California, the
annual business of these organiza tions ranging from as low as $50,000 to
as high as $1 ,500,000 for a single cannery. The most successful co-opera-
Throuoh the assistance of the United Sta.les Bureau of Education. Alaska
Indians ;, Hydaberg, Southeastern Alaska, have been guided in the organ-
tive canneries now in operation are those which put up or pack a wide
va riety of products over a long period, some s tarting with strawberries in
ization of several co-opera tive sto res, in order to abolish the cnmmal
May and continuing until December with late vegetables. By utilizing the
various products as they mature, the operating period may be extended
to about six and one-h:,lf months.- United States Office of Markets and
exploitation a t the hands of unscrupulous traders.
At these stores the
natives may exchc: nge their wares and purchase the necessan cs of hf~ at
a legitimate price. The stores a re owned a~d operated by the lnd1~ns
themselves. T wclve months after the estabhshment of the co-operative
store in Hydaberg the Indians declared a cash dividend of fifty per cent,
and still had sufficient funds at hand to build a larcer st.. re.
The Co-operative League of America
One of the most important o rganizations in America formed for tJ.e
purpose of educating the peoplo to an appreciation of the value of co-oper·
dtion is THE CO-OPERATJVE LEAGUE OF AMERICA, with headquarters
at 70 Fifth avenue, New York City. The aims of the league are: First,
the explanation through leaflets and pamphlets of the principles underlying
the successful opcra:ion of co-opera tive stores; second, the. mves!1gahon
of commercial and industrial conditions in the United States m thetr rela-
Rural O rg~nization .
The Value of Co-operation
'
Co-operation does away with the grave evilo of debt, especially in con·
nection . with little shops. The curse of housekeeping Dn credit ia the
irresponsibility it breeds, and in checking this irresponsibility co-operation
has strengthened self-reliance and self-control in a thousand homes. Blit
it has done far more than check reckless domestic expenditure. The
co-opera tive store tra ins men and women to act with prudence, and edu-
cates them in the business of wisely conducting their own affairs. · A
positive $ense of responsibility is fostered by co-operation, and in learning
l o manage the store co-operators gain an experience that is invaluable for
good citizens.-j oseph Clayton.
tion to co-opera tion. so tha t co-opera tive enterprises can be advised as to
Co-operation m Holland
how and where to adapt themselves to special conditions peculiar to this
country; and thi rd, to furnish expert c~unsel to co-operatives in the
Of the 958 creameries in Holland, 680 are co-operative; of its 291
cheese factories, 20 I are co-operative. Co-operation in Holland is used
also in other lines of agricultural manufacture. Of 21 potato-Hour fac-
administration of their business and financtal transac hons.
The member-
ship oof the league is composed entirely of earnes! students of co-operation
who are interested in the grow th of the Amencan movement. Persons
interested in co-operation are urged to beco
embers and to. write for
information.
The Practical Value of Co-operation
The co-operative movement is leaching people to do things for themselves without asking or accepting aid from the state. It is teaching the
workers ''to administer the affairs of society on every scale. It is raising ·
up from the ranks of labor R>cn who are _ca~able of large enle~rises.
In its conHicts with the forces of capttaltsm, co-operation ts the only
tori.es, 13 are co-operative.
The re a re six co-operative strawboard mills
and two large beet-sugar co-operative factories. One co-operative artificial
manure factory supplies half the fertilizer used in Holland. Holland has
600 credit banks, affiliated with three central banks, all co-operative.Paul V. Collins, Pearson's.
Co-operative B~nks in Italy
There are 900 co-operative banks in Italy and, until recently, they did
not even h ave gover~ment inspection, yet their Iones for a term of yean
averaged only six hundredths of one per cent.-Aibert Sonnischer.
..
�·Page twenty
Magazine Summary
The Western Comrade
What Thinkers Think
The Substance
of Instructive Articles In
R•view of Reviews
Present Agricultural Situation.-For the first time we are thinking agri·
culture in terms of a nation. If we are Ia have a big increase in
acreage the nation as a whole and not farmers as a class must take a
hand. The Department of Agriculture brings lo the farmer vast stores
of scientific information and seeks to stimulate co-operative efforts on the
pari of the farmer, and lo help him lo market products. By planting such
legumes as soy beans, cow pea• and peanuts the meat supply can be
supplemented materially this summer. Co-operation must be the watchword. There is no o ther means of elimina ting waste. Wheal ground in
a hand grist mill in the kitchen is as good as most patent breakfast foods,
and much cheaper.-Carl Vrooman.
luternational Socialist Review
Shop Control.-The pari that o rganized labor should take in the management of industries is the question of the day in England. At the T rade
Union Congress the president disclaimed any desire on the part of the
workmen to manage their employers affairs, but claimed the right to control their hours, living conditions and the character of their foremen. Even
enlightened employers consider this unsatisfactory. Labor unions must
assume responsibility towards society. The development of labor control
of industries will proceed as fast as labor shows the requisite power and
undersanding, and the essential thing in modern progress is the devoted
co-operation with the Stale of the hitherto irresponsible proletarian trade
unions.-Aus tin Lewis.
Century
Europe's Heritage of EviL-The Roman Imperial idea of the essential
unity of mankind and the supremacy of law based upon reason and divine
command failed before the Ottoman assault on Constantinople, and the
future was seen to belong to the separate nations which alone possessed
a strong sense of uni ty. This national feeling developed into an irresponsible sovereignly of the stale before which individual rights and welfare
had no existence. Even the French revolution merely transferred this absolutism lo the represen tatives of the ·p~ople. The modern stale has be·
come an economic as well as a political organ of society; it is in fact
a stupendous and autonomous business corporation, the most lawless
b usiness trust, viewing the other nations as business rivals. It is absolutely
free from effective business regulation and has immensely concentrated
wealth such as kings and emperors never had a l their disposal. In
struggling for supremacy they adopt p rinciples of action for which individuals would be ruthlessly suppressed as d angerous bandits. If there
were no economic questions involved the conffict of nationalities would
soon be ended. And with all this wealth and power, it is in the richest
nations that discontent is deepest and most wide spread. Stales, like individuals, must admit their responsibilities lo one another and lake their
place in the society of slates in a spirit of loyalty to civilization and
humani ty.- David Jayne Hill.
North American Review
Industrial Americanization and National Defense.-After a considerable
period of trying Ia put efficiency into industry from the outside "experts'
and employers alike arc coming Ia see that the real development of efficiency is from the inside and is a matter of the spirit that prevails throughout
the business. An organization interested in organizing its . human side
can do no better than put its b<St executive, not its weakest and most
amiable, in charge of the work. The spirit he needs is a combination of
a sound realization of business values and a quickened sense of industrial
justice. A system of promotions and transfers, the provision of proper
incentives, and American standards of living will release great stores of
energy now shut off.- F ranees A. Kellor.
EverybodY's.
The Wings of the U. S. A.- When the world comes to, after the war
madness, it will discover that the air has become a safer sphere to travel
than the land. One man makes two tri s a day from London to the front
in France, taking over a good car an
'nging back a · broken one. He
boasts that he can bring almost any machine across the channel if the
motor will pull it. A machine can only be used twenty-four hours at the
front. Then it needs a week's repairs. It takes six men and three machines
to . keep one Hying man in the air, over the front. Machines are being
butlt that .can carry ~rom one to two tbns, with planes so wide an<! strong
·and stabthty so cerlam that men can move about on their wings and adjust
their engines while in full 8ight.-William G. Shepherd.
June Magazines
Independent
Woinan's Place.-The National League for Woman's Service has been
established under the supervision cif tlie Department of Labor, to make the
best use of the present opportunity for organizing the abilities of the
women of the United States. The idea is to systematize and co-ordinate
the action of the many women's organizations and to concentrate them on
the l~sks for which they are best suited. The war has already demonstrated that bread is as essential as bullets, and the food problem of the
United Stales can be very simply solved by preventing waste in buying,
preparing, cooking and serving, and by planting home gardens. Besides,
women are being encouraged lo learn their husbands' business, so that
when the man is called away the wife may be able lo maintain the family's
economic stalus.-Maude Wetmore.
World's Work
The Rise of the Russian Democracy. -The early hisl~;y-of Russia was
a long struggle under autocratic chiefs to establish its territorial security.
In the nineteenth century the movement for liberation began. In 1861 the
serfs were emancipated. In 1864 the Zemstvos, local provincial councils,
were established. A long educational process followed, marked by continuous oppression on one side and occasional acts of violence on the
o ther. The Duma was the next step forward-1905. The Duma and the
Zemslvos kept up the educative processes, and co-operative societies grew
like mushrooms, and through them the educated classes were finally able
to effect a union with the peasants. The bureaucracy, in its last struggle
against constitutionalism, at last in this war went to the length of treason.
If the Kaiser had appointed some of the imperial ministers he. could not
have chosen better men for his purpose. In this emergency the army had
lo depend on the Zemslvos for its food and munitions, and when the revolution finally occurred the Zemslvos officials look charge of all the national
offices.-Samuel N. Harper.
The Fra
Children Nowadays.-One of the illusions with which we mislead ourselves is that "this generation is a peculiar one" and that we, their parents,
are inadequate to the task of solving the problems with which they a re
confronted. But this is not our business. Each s et of parents are hyphena ted citizens of the age in which they are rearing their children, while the
children themselves are natives. We find fault with the children- for what?
For not being as old as we a re.! I offer the suggestion that our first duty
is lo grasp intelligently and sympathetically our child's viewpoint of life,
and not vent on them our middle-aged desire to stagnate under the belief
that we are correcting them. Our children are as good and as wise as we
were in childhood. Heaven knows they could no t be much worse or more
foolish !-Strickland Gillilan.
Scientific American
The Technology of the Washroom.-A fellowship has been established
a l the University of Pittsburgh lo investigate the problems of the laundry
man. Soaps and cleansing solutions are being scientifically tested in order
lo make the laundry superior lo home ' york not only in cleaning clothes,
but also in the preservation of fabrics. The exact effect on various fibers
of different processes of washing and drying are being inves tigated, and a
portable chemical laborato ry arranged expressly for the laundryman's use
in testing th·e material he has lo purchase. With this outfit any laundryman can become his own assayist.
World's Work
Labuf.- The .representatives of the o rganized labor movement have recently adopted propositions relating lo the share which wage earners should
take in the war. Their work in producing material and munitions is as
important as that of the soldier at the front. They should accordingly be
protected as regards conditions of work and p~y. and this can only be done
by giving the organized labor movement the greatest scope and opportunity
for voluntary effective co-operation in · spirit and in action. Industrial
justice is the right of those living in our country. 'With this right is associated obligation. In time of war this may call fo r more exacting service
than the p rinciples of human welfare warrant, but this service should only
be called for when the employers' profits have been limited to fixed percentages based on the cost of processes of production.. Labor further re- ·
quires that there is a clear differentiation between military service for the
nation and police duty, and that military service· should be carefully distinguished from service in industrial disputes.-Samuel Gompers.
�T h c We s t e r n Com r a de
. B o o k Reviews
Page twenty-one
Reviews of Recent Readable Books
"A German Deserter's War Experience"
" A German Deserter's War Experience," now in its second printing. is
the straightforward narrative of one of the many German Socialists forced
to go to the trenches against his will. After fourteen months h$ deserted
and succeeded in reaching America. The book surpasses even MacGill
m its uncovering of the horrors of war to the ·common soldier-for this
young comrade did not have to pass his manuscript through the hands of
the army censor.
Here we read of the wholesale shooting of officers by their own men;
we see hundreds of dead thrown like cordwood to one side to make room
for further advances; the trees strewn with entrails, heads, arms and legs;
dead and partly dead buried, hundreds together, in big graves; see men
held in subjection by cruel and brutal force of the junker class; listen to
the discontr!lted mutterings of the German soldiers.
When the German army was mobilized three years ago the men were
ignorant, up to almost the time of the first engagement, of what country
they were to fight against. " The soldier is told "The Belgian is your en·
emy.' and he has to believe it.
'Never mind; shoot as we order,
and do n<•t bother your head about it.' " The author was detailed to help
oxecute some of the poor Belgian civilians and describes the full horror of
his feelings. He tells graphically of the hand-to-hand street lighting, re·
la ting in one ca~e how one German soldier bit a large piece from the face
of an " enemy" and the reaction so sickened the victor that his life was
ruined.
While the story is mainly devoted to plain narrative, one sees much of
the psychology of warfare--how the men gradually become like beast•.
Trench warfare is described-body lice, head lice, rotting corpses and all.
The famous Christmas interchange of greetings between the French and
German soldiers was participated in by the w riter of the book, whose
name is withheld for the sake of his relatives still in Germany.
This soldier found the Belgian civilians at first friendly to the Germans.
The German soldiers were severely punished whenever caught feeding the
starving women and children or in any wa)l showing consideration for
them. One of the examples of the means used to inflame the minds of
the "mass butcherers" against "'the enemy" was to station guards at all
wells and declare the Belgians had poisoned the waters, while the tired,
hot soldiers went plodding on almost dead from thirst. At times they disregarded the soldiers stationed OJl guard and drank to their limit from the
··poisoned'' wells -v.·iJhout any damage to themselv_es.
The officers seldom went into action. They withdrew to a pl~ce of
safety, as a rule, leaving the men in charge of petty officials. After serving
fourteen months in the war without any money, the young man obtained a
furlough, only to learn that the government-owned railroad would not
carry him until he was able to pay for his carfare. While the book deals
with his personal experiences in the Gennan army, the author, as an anti-
militarist, hates all war and his narrative is non-partisan. The little volume
(which sells a t $1) is worthy of wide distribution in this hour of labor's
fight. It is one of the most illuminating documents ihe war has yet pro·
duced. (B. W. Huebsch, New York.)
"Woman : Her Sex and Love Life"
The wo rld owes a wonderful debt to Dr. William J . Robinson, "'the
sane radical," for his series of books on sex, eugenics and birth control.
Twenty years ago he began his crusade for a rational conception of life,
and has taken the public into his confidence in his many popular books,
while reaching the medical profession regularly through "'The Critic ·and
Guide.''
"'Woman: Her Sex and Love Life," is the latest addition to the little
library Dr. Robinson has w ritten. Having examined scores of books on
the subject of sex, I have nearly always felt, when through with them, that
they might just about as well never have been written, because they were
so hazy and left the reader in ignorance of anything specific.
There are those who imagine all evils of life due to woman; others of
the Vance Thomson school who think all tha · wrong in the world sprang
fwrn the male. Dr. Robinson views both
xes as human beings. He
doesn't attempt to make any kind of sweepin~t generalizations. His is the
first book on woman from a sex standpoint that has covered the ground.
There is no phase of the subject that is not taken up, and I would like to
see the day when every mother would give his book to her daughter a t an
early age.
The nasty-minded will look in vain throughout the 400 pages for any
satisfaction. The book is plain a11d common-sense, but is pure and chaste
sy
.o.
sobspa
to a degree that not even the black shade of Comstock could find an
excuse to take it to court. The mission of the book is "'to ·increase the
sum total of huma~ happiness." It will do this in direct ratio to its sales.
'Ihe hocus-pocus of the medicine man and pnest is dropped, and Dr. Robinson strips the element of mystery and tlie fogyism of· past generations
from the subject.
·
Perhaps . a list of chapter captions will give some idea of the scope of
the book : · The paramount need for sex knowledge for girls and women;
the female sex organs: their anatomy; the physiology of the sex organs;
the sex instinct; puberty; menstruation; abnormalities of menstruation;
the hygiene of menstruation; fecundation or fertilization; pregnancy; the
disorders of pregnancy; when to engage a physician; the size of the
fetus; the afterbirth and cord; lactation ~r nursing; abortion and miscarriage; prenatal care; the menopause, or change of life; the habit of
masturbation; leucorrhea, the whltes; the venereal diseases; the extent
of venereal disease; gonorrhea ; vulvovaginitis in little girls; syphilis; the
curability of venereal diseases; venereal prophylaxis; alcohol, sex and
venera! disease ; marriage and gonorrhea ; marriage and syphilis; who
may and who may not marry; birth control, or the limitation of offspring;
advice to girls approaching the threshold of womanhood; advice to parents
of unfo rtunate girls ; sexual relations during menstrution; sexual inter·
course for propagation only; vaginismus; sterility ; the hymen: is the
organ necessary for impregnation? frigidity in \vomen; advice to frigid
women, particularly wives; rape; the single standard of sexual morality;
difference between man's and woman's sex and love life ; maternal impressions; advice to the married and those-about to be; a rational divorce
system; what is love? jealousy and how to combat it ; remedies for
jealousy; concluding words. (The Critic and Guide Company, New York
City.)
"The Gun-Brand: A Feud of the Frozen North"
"'The Gun-Brand: A Feud of the Frozen North," by J ames B. Hendryx,
ought to prove a popular seller this season. It is "'snow stuff," to borrow
Charlie Van LORn's movie language. "'The Promise"' and "'Connie Morgan
in Alaska" acquainted the public with the powers of Mr. Hendryx as a
novelist. The story is intensely interesting from the moment Chloe Elliston,
~randdaughter of old "'Tiger'' Elliston, braved the uriknown wilds of the
frozen northland to found a school for the Indians, to the last page where
she looks into the face of the big Scotch trader and miner and tells him
something that makes further chapters unnecessary. What occurs to make
this page possible will keep one sitting up late, no matter how sleepy. But
there is nothing of sensationalism. The intrigues of the quarter-breed freetrader, the whiskey runners, the gun lights and the final battle between
the rival outfits give scope for continuous action. Only one scene might
be Questioned--the punishment of P ierre Lapierre, the bad man of the
novel. With the gun sight MacNeal deliberately mutilated the face of the
man. The description is vividly written. While he merited even this
rmnishmenl- so far worse than death-one shudders at reading of it.
n,e fierce passions of man where the elements preclude the success of
the weakling, the eternal appeal of "'the love of a lass and a laddie,"
comhincd with a skill in narrative. make "'The Gun-Brand" one of the
season's distinctive books. (G. P . Putnam's Sons, New York City.)
"The Story of the Grand Canyon of Arizona"
Scientc and art blend in an attractive booklet, "'The Story of the, Grand
Canyon of Arizona," a popular illustrated account of its rocks and origin
by H. N. Darton, geologist of the United Stales Geological Survey. The
purpose of the guide "'is to point out the more important relations of the
rocks and to outline their history and the conditions under which th~
canyon was developed. Care has been taken to avoid technical terms so
far as possible, so that most persons should have no difficulty in understanding every part." In addition to photographs, there are maps, crou·
sections and lettered views. (Fred Harvey, Kansas City, Mo.)
"The Mythqlogy of All Races"
The Marshall Jones Book Company, publishers of "'The Mythology of
All Races," the most monumental work of its kind ever attempted, an·
nounce that Professor Axel Olrick of Copenhagen, one of the most distin·
ouished schola rs in the fi eld of mythology •. who was writing the volume of
Eddie Mythology, died ·in Fehruary. He had practically finished his work
on the book and his Scandinavian colleagues will complete his task. There
are to be thirteen volumes in the completed set, each written hy the
world's best authoritie$ in their respective fields.
�Page twenty-two
Qu 0
The Weste rn Comrad e
vad is?
$llllle train with Cedric, although he didn't know it, and no
one saw me. I didn't mean to bother you. I didn't suppose
you would ever come here, and you remember I had a key, too.
men are but the garden variety. The fact that the sons of But when the children · came this afternoon I made them stay,
the middle class are sinking eighty-three per cent into the for I thought maybe you would come to hunt them!"
workin~ class, fourteen per ce'lt into the professional class, and
She had begun bravely enough, but her voice·broke pitifully, ·
three per cent into the capitalist or, rather, middle class, shows and tears brimmed the 1big brown eyes as she looked at him
conclusively the signs of the times. It will bring on revolution, beseechingly. What a child she was, and how like Cedric
you say. Perhaps. But mob revolutions but play into the when he had been in mischief and wanted forgiveness! All
hands of the Napolean. It would simply be St. Bartholomew's the man's hunger for her surged through him overwhelmingly.
night for labor. The re•tolution of the proletariat would sim"You wanted me!"
ply be a butcher's feast Workers can be hired, for wages. t->
The
glad incredulity of his words was heartrending, and
kill those who seek wages.
she nodded mutely, to find herself crushed in his arms. Her
So there is. then. no hope for .nankind?
Yes, there are already stars in the social skies that point the answer had wiped out all differences. Nothing else mattered.
Cedric drew himself up proudly as he looked at Alice. He
way. Let the iconoclasts silence the argument about right or
wrong, and band together, not with rifles, but with tools. Let had heard enough to know that some ceremony was necessary
them play the game the capitalist plays, for their collectivity. · in a matter of this kind. Jane was largely responsible for his
Let them co-operate. The hope for the present and the future knowledge of ethics, but he was sublimely sure that everything
lies in industrial a nd co-operative action. It lies in adapting was coming 'right. Alice could no longer call them "queer."
ourselves collectively to capitalistic requirements. It can be
"I guess," he said, with adorable dignity, "that we'll get
done now, here, without del ay. The world has closed the some preacher to spoil that divorce, 'cause my family seems
debate on co-operation. The victory is awarded to collectiv- real crazy about each other! See! My mother is patting my
ism. Competition in business has been weighed and found father's cheek! "
wanting. Co-operation broods with creative force over the
wreck and ruin of dying order. No longer need we argue.
We must act. We must enter the field with pitchforks, not
pamphlets. We must enter the diggins with spade instead of
(Continued from page 17)
speech.
~--~---------
Collectivism does not come as the idealist wanted it. down to a few members, forbidding other locals to be formed
Through the using of an instructed working class, it looms within its territory. The day of the troublemaker is to be less
up as the result of economic pressure upon those who hold easy than of yore. Their absolute control of the party is gone
the places of responsibility.
forever.
Another important provision is the. industrial organization
of Socialists. Instead of mixed locals, it will be possible to
(continued fro_~!!_~~-~ form industrial locals, composed of members of a craft or
calling. There wll be nine ·industrial groups, and the state
tapped her foot against the floor. "just a minute, Miss, and organizers of these groups automatically become the state
I'll ask Mister Wyler if he knows anything about them."
executive board.
She found a haggard-faced man, with a great pile of papers
The classification of members into groups is as follows:
still before him.
Farmers, Miners, Transportation Workers, Manufacturing
"Pardon me, Mister Wyler, "but we can't find Cedric."
Workers. Building Trades, Printing Trades, Housekeepers,
"Er- what, Jane?"
Office and Service Workers, Professional Workers. They are
" We can't find Cedric," she repeated. "He and the little to be registered as such in the state office.
Roberts girl. I fixed him a lunch and he told me they were
It is planning to make organization as easy as possible, and
going to have a picnic at the playhouse. Do you happen to to make it as difficult as possible for those enemies of the
know where that is? It's getting late and we're worried."
party to get in as they have in the past.
Jane had never been told about the cabin, and for a moIn California everything is for progress. In California the
ment Wyler did not comprehend, but suddenly he remem- Socialist party first began to deteriorate. It had gone down
bered. That was what Cedric had called it on his one visit until something HAD to be done. And, when that time came.
there. Hastily rising, he hurried from the house.
the loyal members did it. They have forsaken tradition and
''I'll find them," he called back.
have plunged forward, ready to risk making the mistake of
He went down the path through the woods, now growing a wrong procedure, but enitirely unwilling to stand still an..l
darker every minute, and what memories the old path brought constantly look back to the Past for guidance.
back! Laura and he had spent their honeymoon days in that
To stand still meant further decay. To change the o.ld
little cabin. What a wonderful picnic time it had been! He method and to go onward might invite disaster, but no disaster
stopped short in amazement. Even now there was a light can quite equal that of senile Elebility.
twinkling at the window!
Will it work? The next few months will show that. But, at
He strode forward and pus
pen the door, only to stop least. there is the certainty that nothing is to be lost and
stupefied.
there is every likelihood that much is to be gained. The
There before him at the tiny table sat the two children and motto of the Socialist party was never better applied th'ln
the woman who had been his wife!
when applied to the Socialist party of California before the
The silence was long and heavy, and she was the .first to new Constitution was adopted: "Workers of the party, unite;
speak.
,
you have nothing to lose but your chains, you have a world
"Don't scold us, please, Malcom ! I came last night on the to gain!''
(continued from page
'l>
The Socialist Party--Where Is It?
The Play House
�The Western Comrade
I
r
Important Notice!
-1""\
Dear Comrade:
It has come to our notice that enemie;" q_tJ.h{s Colony have inspired an attack that is calculated to do
us considerable injury unless our installment members
and correspondents are able instantly to discover the
nature of the attack, and understand its real characte1
and aim.
It you receive a printed circular well de~igned to
cast suspicions upon the integrity of your comrades
who have worked ceaselessly with honor and in good
faith to make this Co-operative Colony a success, you
will know that certain influences inimical to your interests and to the interests of the Colony are at work.
I
If you receive such a circular, please co mmunicate
with us at once concerning the matter, and we will
give you information covering developments in the
case.
This attack was timed when Comrade Harriman,
found er and president of the Colony, was in New York
as a delegate to the World's Peace Conference.
All we have ever asked is even-handed justice and
fair play.
Many times we have been asked if we did not fear
that our demonstration of success would bring insidious or open attacks by the agents of capitalism.
Our answer has been that we are proceeding with
honor and sure intent, and that we did not despair of
successfully defending ourselves against any injustice.
Our protest at this moment is against circulars sent
out without fair and honorable in,vestigation and a
hearing of our side of the case. If you have received
any circular, will you not do us and yourself the justice to write us fully, to the end we may explain or
aid you to dispel any doubts planted by your enemy
and ours?
We are making a success of a great co-operative
enterprise and we shall continue it. We do not expect
to do this without difficulties and, possibly, attacks.
All we ask is fair play, and you can help us get it.
Will you do this much for your pioneer comrades here
on the front who are making a demonstration of the
power of collective effort with the vit;,W that the move
may spread to universal co-operation-among all men?
Yours fraternally,
THE BOARD OF DIF:ECTDRS.
Llano del {io Company.
Llano Job Printing
The Llano del Rio Printing and Publishing Department io now
equippe<! to handle job printing.
Cards, leaRets, booklets, stationery, etc., will be handled in a
satisfactory manner, and at prices which will compare more than
favorably with those fo..;,d elsewhere.
All work will be given the union label unless otherwise requested. Every employee is a Socialist and a union man.
Tbe Llano Publications, Llano, California.
What Are You Good For?
Did you ever try to find out?
Are you employed at work for which you are best fitted?
Do you KNOW or are you GUESSING?
Your children-- what will you advise them to do?
The science of Character Analysis will answer the questions you have
asked yourself. It is not fortune telling. It is not gu#'s work. It tells you
what you are fitted for and gives you the reasol/s. It tells you why
you have not succeded in what you have attempted and will show you in
which lines you can hope to succeed.
An analysis of yourself will cost you something and it is worth many
times what it costs; but information about it-that is free. Just write:
"Send me free information about Character Analysis and Vocational Fitness." Write your name and address very plainly. Send it to:
P. 0. Box 153, Llano, California
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household
Goods
from all Eutem pointa
to California
Members of tbe Llano del Rio Colony will find it aapecially
advantageona to make their obipmenb tlarongb tbe
J UDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
443 Marquette
640 Old South
Boatmen's Bank
855 Monadnock
bldg,
bldg,
bldg,
bldg,
Chicago; 324 'Wbitehall bldg, New York;
Boston; 435 Oliver bldg, Pittsburg; 1537
St. Louis; 518 Central bldg, Los Angelea;
San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OffiCE.
CLASSIFIED ADS
Rates: ZSc a line for one inaertion; lSc a line thereafter.
to tbe line. Advertising payable in advance.
MIDDLE-AGED GENTLEMAN, of good morals, desires correspondence '
with womanly woman of some refinement, education and in good health,
between ages of 28 to 36. No neurotic or prude. Object, matrimony.
"Serious," care of this journal.
"THE NEW EARTH." Ocean beds become vast fertile plaino.
Earth watered from within; even deserts bloom. Deductions solidly baoed
upon divine laws. Fifty cents, no stamps. Cross Publiohing Houoe,
Nuevitas, Cuba.
JJA
FOR SALE.-BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS. AND
Flemish Giants. We can supply all aaes up to eight montha. For farther
inform•tion •ddrell Rabbit Department. Llano del Rie Colofty, U ..... Cal.
YOU CAN BUY TilE ll.ANO PUBUCATIONS IN SAN FRANCISCO
at the People' a Library, 2079 Sutter street, and at 1350 Fillmore otreel.
�.. .
~
a• •
·.
'
'
"
.
,
ve You Enrolled in
.·oSubscription C
;,..;_•
This is the Second Grand Membership Circulation Contest.
It corntnences July 1 and finishes December 31. \.
Now Is the Time to Ent ·r
...... ·!
~te at once for full information about this t portunity to
earn a Jll~mbership in the Llano del Rio Co-oper~tive Colony.
Nex ' nth we will be able to announce the name of the '~er of the first
contest, which closed June 30.
If you enter now and work steadily; you may be the winner if this contest.
.r
(
t
'
,
~~tfere Are The Premiu~s
·'·
..
,.
•''
...
.
.
4
First ..·..'iile, a LLANO MEMBERSHI ~ .
Seco -;' ···Prize, 500 shares Llano stocl .
Third~• ~· .~ize, 200 shares Llano stock <
Four frize, 100 shares Llano stock ~
5, 6, t ~th Prizes, 50 shares each, L ~no stock
~,
)
.
.
' ~·
Write
la.t
•
r
·~
I -·
"'''*'
·~···=r'
I
~
Other Special Premiums to All Who
Send in More Than 10 Subscription
o~ce
..
fo.r complete information, literature, rul . subscription
hl!Ulb, e~
CONTEST DEPARTMENT. 't'
\
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�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
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en
Identifier
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Western Comrade, 1917-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1917-07
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n03_191707
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2018-08-01
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v05n03
Extent
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24 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Constructive Editorials by Job Harriman
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e49db68b45f5a1ffd75aff5b4d892801.pdf
701298dc908b1f7af82aad9e209f3dfb
PDF Text
Text
I
I
E di t 0 r i a I s
I
Problem of the Boy. . ... ... ..
. .. .. ....... 4
A Poem. By D. Bobspa.
.................. !!
May Day ... ...
t.
By Job Harriman . . . Pages 5, 6, 7
By Or. jol.n Dequer.
Efficiency .. _....
t
The
'
Making Wo<od Pulp for Paper.. ................. 15
~
J
.. .. .. ..... .. .... .... .. .. .
.. . 12
By L. W. :11illup, Jr.
'---------....1
The
Magazine of
"Co-operation in Action."
By Wesley Zorneo.
News and Views in Agriculture ..................23
City ...................................... 14
By A. Con Ita nee Austin.
By R. A. E uber.
Fiction. By Ethel Winger.
Forcing System in Farming........................22
~
Socialis ~
Was Schmidt GuiltyL ............................... 16
Dearer Than Honor.. .................................. IS
Co-operation the World Over.. ..................24
Reviews of Recent Readable 8ooks..........25
By D. Bobspa.
First .t1lmerican Conference for Democracy
and Terms of Peace .
. Page
27
June
1917
10 Cents
a Copy
Llano's
Third May Day
By Robt. K. Williams . . . Pages
s, 9, to
�The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY i• located in
the beautiful Antelope Valley, in the northea•t~rn part of
Los Angeles County, Southern California. This plain lies
between the San Gabriel spur of the Sierra M~dres on the south
and the Tehachapi range on the north. The Colony is on the north
slope of the San Gabriel range. It is almost midway between
Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific, and Victorville, on the Santa
Fe railroad.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is made up of persons
who believe in the application of the p!"inciples of co-operation
to the widest possible extent. Virtually all of the residenh are
Socialists. It is a practical and cunvincing answer to those who
have scoffed at Socialist principles, who have said that "it won't
work," who have urged many fallacious arguments. In the three
years since it was established, the Colony has demonstrated thoroughly the soundness of its plan of operation and its theory. Today it is stronger than ever before in its history.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colo~y is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May 1st. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disempl<>yment and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the worker>
and their families.
An abundance of clear, sparkling water coming from mountain
springs is sufficient to irrigate thousands of fertile acres. The
climate is mild and delightful. the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
s tock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the
Colony has grown.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, wa!'l ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort for the future and for old age; to gua rantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin~ it the largest town in the
Antelope Valley. More than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children get meals at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Monte.. ori school is in operation,
taking the children from 21/z to 6 years of age. A new school
building is soon to bo built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial school• are both in operation.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 125 Jersey and Holstein cattle,
I 00 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over I 00 head nf horses and mule•. including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the tractors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Duroc-J ersey sows gives the Colony thirtyeight registered high-class breeding sows and two splendid boars, the
nucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pens
have been built. Registration will be kept up and the raising of
fme hogs made one of the leading industries. There aro also some
fme Berkshires, and a large number of grade sows.
Much nursery stock has been planted, a vineyard of 40 acres put
out, and many fruit trees set this spring. The Colony has more
than 400 acres of orchards.
Community gardening is successful, and an increased acr.eage
will be put in each year.
·
The ideal is to farm on an extt"nsive scale. using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and ex·
perienced men in charge of the different departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 •lands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. Thi• department expects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a thousand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful, baseball and football team•, dances, picnics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, several orchestras, a dramatic club. and other organizations assist in
making the social occasions enjoyable.
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Llano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime, making them permanent. conserve
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as possible.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running. the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when pe!Jilanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It will be a city •different in design from any other in the
world, wi th houses of a distinctivelv different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modern, and
harmonious with their surroundings. and will insure greater privacy
than any other hou•e• ever constructed. They are unique and designed especially for Llano.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are: Printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith •hop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop, lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, rabbitry, gardens, hog raising.
lumbering, publishing, transportation {autos, trucks, tractors), doctors' office•, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barber shop, dairy goats, baths, swimming pool. studios, two hotels,
drafting roBm, post office, commissary, camping ground, lndu•trial
school. grammar school, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
club, two orche6tras, quartets, socialist local. jeweler.
T
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY ha• a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the Colony industries is in the hands of
the department managers. In each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position. At the department
meetings as many persons as can CTO\Vd m the room are alwaya
pre•ent. These meetings are held regularly and they are unique
in that no motions are ever made. no resolutions adopted and no
minutes are kept. Tbe last action on eny matter supercedes all
former action and tbis stands until the plans are chanced. The
plan i• working most admirably and smoothly. At these meetings the
work is discussed and planned, reports are given, teams allotted,
workers are shifted to the point where the needs are grr.alest,
and machinery is put on designated work. transportation is a rranged, wants are made known and hUed as nearly as possible.
The board of directors, membors of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise. llu~se directors are
on the same basis a• all their comrades in the colony. At the
general assembly all peroons over eighteen years of age, residing
in the colony, have a voice and vote.
M
NO CONSTITUTION OR BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community aro conducted think, in order to
get this information, they must secure a copy of a constitution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community cor.tenh itself with a " declaration of principles" which is
printed below. The management of the Colony resb with the
board of managen, a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of the enter-
�prise are conducted by the board of directors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by-laws of' almost every slate. The only innovation is in
the restricting of anyone f~voling more than 2000 shares of
stock. regardless of how m
ares are held. As this is to be
mber, this is considered a strong
the ultimate holding of eve
protective clause. The incorporation charier is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the t'ght to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corp ration laws are liberal. safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the pari of state
officials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N cond-Jcting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inflexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up lo the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is . a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Com·munity alone.
The individual is not juotly entitled lo more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest.
Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifto which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community lo the individual, and the exercise of
greater abili ty entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions. but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his intereots and pleasure• with those of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual lo the Community is to develop ability
lo the greatest degree possible by availing himoelf of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that . ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community lo the individual is to administer
justice, lo eliminate greed and selfisbness, lo educate all and lo aid
any in time of age or misfortune. ·
T
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM-
HE electric light bill, the water bill. the doctor's bill, the drug
bill. the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
bill, tbe school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the householder, and the lean weeks caused by disemploymenl and the con ·
sequent fear of the future . . There is no landlord and no rent '•
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and cloth·
ing, the colonist. never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
the clothing bill, the laundry bill, the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the !ax bill he has no fear. The colony
officials al!end lo the details of all overhead. To colonists the
amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, enler tainments and a ll educa tional facilities are free.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any o·lher properly, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
arc admil!ed. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applications is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient to mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Rail road. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned lo the name of the owner, Palmdale. California. care
Llano Colony. Goods will be looked after by the colony freightman
until ordered moved to Uano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage . or demurrase
may be charsed. Freight transpc)rtatien between the colony and
the station is by means of auto trucks. Passensers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in. the departments devoted to those industries. ' The aim is to keep the residence pOrtion of the colony clean and sanitary.
P
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
ERSONS cannot be ad;..itted to residence al the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any other sum less than the
ini\ial payment fee. Hundreds writ_e and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thou·
sand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order lo continue ito
present success. · This fact must be .obvious to all. The manage·
ment of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army thai cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say lo their stripped, robbed and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan .the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and sisters on the
land are bearing the bruni of the pioneering. Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, costs money.
The initial membership fee goes to offset the sup;><>rl of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Following is the plan which has proven successful: Each shareholder agrees lo buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
in cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4.00, from which is deducted $1.00 for
the s!ock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
expenses. Whatever margin he may have al(ave deduction for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
ef the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity lo recover and resume payments. In no case will he be
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This is
transferable arii:l may be sold lo his best advan tage. In this we will
endeavor to ~ssist wherever practicable.
Corporations are not
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
HOW TO JOIN
Write today for an application blank, fill it oul and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more lo aecure your membershi p. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final pay-men! and joi!l your comrades who have already borne the first
brunt of pioneering.
Address Communications regarding membership, general informa·
lion, etc., lo the
MEMBERSH IP DEPARTMENT, LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY,
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
Read of Llano in the LLANO COLONIST, the weekly paper telling
in Jetail of what is being achieved, giving an intima te peep into
the daily lives, the smaller incidents of this growing, thriving institution.
Read, loo,' the WESTERN COMRADE, the illustrated monthly
magazine,
giVi ng
more comple te articles concerning the Colony,
showing pho~s illustrating its growth, etc. The editorials, and
many other "'pecial features, are making it one of the leading
Socialist magazines of today.
For subscriptions lo the Publications, changes of address, etc.,
please write '
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
�Problem of the Boy
I
SEEK solution of a problem.
Given Heredity plus Environment,
I would plot the eccentric curve
Of the unknown quantity,
B-0-Y.
See how the shuttles of Fate
Play hide and seek
In interplay
Of forces varied to produce
The boy.
What of Heredity,
The long-stretched lines
Of the warp,
Gift of the misty past to
The boy?
What of environment,
The complicated maze
Of the woof
Potent in moulding
The boy?
,...
A tired mother,
Working and exhausted,
Pauses from her busy duties
To give joyless birth to
The boy.
Hungry and tired,
He is born into the world.
The infant,
Still underfed, grows i'nto
The boy.
Hopes and longings
Burn in that abysmal home,
And bright pictures of the future
Steadfast beckon to
The boy.
School days are happy,
In pite of poverty.
By D. Bobspa
For, toiling through the mire,
Hope still rules
The boy.
The workshop claims him
And school days are over,
As Mammon's jaws open wide
To receive its sacrificeThe boy.
Society approves the crime
(On greater profits bent),
While you and I stand condemned
For the murder of
The boy.
His Heredity: the son
Of all the ages,
The blood of earth's best workers
Coursing the veins of
The boy.
His environment sordid
Wove a sorry figure through
The warp, giving sad answer
To my problem of
The boy.
"Plus Environment."
Here the problem, then,
Must start for
The saving of
The boy.
From to-day's environment
Springs the heredity
Of to-morrow
That will strengthen
The boy.
A free earth
Where mothers will be able
To laugh and grow strong
To endow with his birthright
The boy.
�C o -_o p e r a t i o n
Political Action
Direct
Action
The Western Comrade
Devoted
to tile
Canae
of
tile
Workers
Entered as second-class matter 'November 4th, 1916, at. the post office at Uano, California,
JOB HARRIMAN
~der
Act of March 3, 1879.
PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT ll.A!'IO, CALIFORNIA.
Mana~g Editor.
~7
FRANK E. WOLFE
Editor.
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies JOe; clubs of 4 or more (in U. S.) SOc. Combination with LLANO COLONIST $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COI\IRADE, but are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so stated.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
-
-
VOL. V.
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, JUNE, 1917
Editorials
A
NOTHER convention is now called, to be held in New
York May 30. The call is issued to Socialist, Labor,
peace, religious and political organizations. Favorable response is coming in from all parts. Evidently the majority
report of the Socialist convention has not become a rallying
point for the American people.
Many of those who signed and two of those who drafted
the majority report of the Socialist party convention signed
the call on the following program. This pr.oves the folly of
the majority and the wisdom of the minority report:
PREAMBLE.-United in our lo.ve for America we are convinced
that we can best serve our country by urging upon o ur cou-ntrymen
the adoption of the following program:
I. PEACE.- The conference favors a speedy and universal peace
in harmony with the principles outlined by the President of the
United States and by Revolutionary Russia, and endorsed substantially by the Social Democratic organizations of Italy, F ranee,
Germany and Austria and the liberal and democratic forces of
England and other countries, namely :
(a) No forcible annexation of territory.
(b) No punitive indemnities.
(c) Free development of all nations.
We favor all steps leading to international reorganization for the
•naintenance of peace based upon the principle of obligatory adjudication of disputes among nations, disarmament. neutralization
of the great waterways, trading on equal terms between all nations,
and protection of small nations.
We urge the government of the United States immediately to
announce its war aims in definite and concrele terl)ls upon the
above principles and to make efforts to induce the Allied countries
to make similar declarations, thus informing our public for what
concrete objects they are called upon to fight and forcing a definite
expression of. war aims on the part of the Central Powers.
We demand that this country shall make peace the moment its
announced aims shall have been achieved without waiting for the
territorial ambitions of the belligerents to be realized. We further
demand that it shall make no agreement with other governments
limiting its power so to do or any agreement or understanding
looking toward an economic war after the war.
2. DEMOCRACY.- The Conference pledges itself:
( ~) To oppose all laws for compulsory military training and
serv1ce.
(b) To uphold freedom of conscience and to support conscientious objectors.
(c) To defend the constitutional rights of freedom of speech,
press and assemblage during the war. ·
(d) To work for the democra tization of the diplomacy of the
United States, including the principle of the referendum on declarations of war, and upon concluding alliances with foreign nations.
3. ECONOMIC POLICIES.-(a) The Conference is opposed to
No.2
By Job Harriman
the nullification er suspension of progressive labor legislation during
the war; to the suspension or curtailment of the rights of the
working class.
(b) It demands that none of the revenue required for the
prosecution of the war sh'all come from taxation of the necessaries
of life, but that all war funds shall be raised by heavy taxation
upon profits of war industries, by a heavy and progressive income
tax, and by federal inheritance taxes.
It is to be hoped that this convention will give issue to a
constructive program. The forces of decay are already at
work in the heart of capitalism. It is our mission to aid in
the birth of the new order. Socialism, the legitimate child of
capitalism, is struggli~g. this moment, to escape from the
wo h. The thing to do during the war, is the all-important
question.
We cannot resist the inevitable, but we can so take advantage that our inAuence will be felt far and wide.
As a program for this convention, we propose the followmg:
DOMESTIC POLICY.
I . The municipal, state and government ownership arid
control of all natural resources and productive industries.
2 . Universal suffrage .
3. Free speech and free press.
4. Popular vote on declaration of war.
5. Conscription of all incomes and inheritances.
6. Conscription of all men and women for, industrial
army.
7. Increased pay for industrial workers.
8. Institutions for the industrially i'ncapable.
FOREIGN POLICY.
I . Speedy a nd universal peace.
2. No indemnities.
3. No annexations.
4. No foreign alliances.
5. Complete disarmament of nations.
6. Compulsory international arbitration.
7. United States of the World and International
World Parliament.
8. Open door for all nations to the sea.
The new order will submerge property and elevate human-
�Page six
Editorial
ity. In it the mountain peaks of special privilege will be
leveled to equal opportunity, and the power and influence of
man will depend upon his own genius and ability. The hour
has come when man will be man and nothing more.
This war was started by the rich. It will be ended by the
poor. In the past the few could be and were inhuman to the
many; in the future, the many cannot be inhuman to the few.
The masses are irresistible. The arms of the world are in
their hands. The governments of the world are conscripting
the poor and supplying them with the machinery of war.
Under the pressure of hunger, the poor will assume the control of the machinery of government.
We were oppo.sed to this country entering the war. But
we have entered. Now we have not power to oppose conscription, and soon the government may not have the power
to resist the fruits of conscription.
Commercial and financial necessity forced our government
to take up arms.
Efficiency will force government control of the resources
and the industries.
Hunger will force world peace, world disarmament, univen;al suffrage, universal labor, and the downfall of capitalism.
- o --
L
ITTLE do we dream of the task we have undertaken. We
have assumed the responsibility of feeding, financing and
manning a world-war with our base of supplies three thousand
miles from the field of battle. Between the battlefield and the
base of supplies lies a ravenous, insatiable ocean, fed by relentless and untiring submarines.
Germany is yet the attacking party both in the East a nd in
the West. Not one battle of note has yet been fought on German soil. How much more difficult it is to attack than it is
to defend, the Allies will learn when they move against German forts and over German mines. Such a slaughter as has
never been known will come in those days.
Already 45,000,000 men have been lost, wounded and
killed. Over 7,00,000 have been killed.
We have sent Russia $1,000,000,000. She agrees to continue with the Allies to the end. The resources of the Allies
and the Central Powers are again about equally balanced, and
again will they pour their food, monty and men into the
terrible vortex.
Meanwhile, each nation is seizing all the means of production and is organizing all its men, women and children into a
productive army. Universal suffrage is rolling like a tidal
wave over all nations. With anguish of soul and a bleeding
heart, the world is trampling under foot its old idols and gods,
money and private property, and is creating a new god--the
sacredness of human life. In the future, humanity will worship
at this altar. . This altar will be completed when the crowns
melt, the thrones decay, and when political suffrage and industrial armies shall have grasped the earth.
The Western Comrade
C
ONSCRIPTION! What does it mean to the rich, and
• what does il mean to the poor? Shall the rich be embalmed in their riches with the blood of the poor? Is not conscription the call of capitalism? Shall it call the worker and
leave the capitalist? Shall it call man and leave capital?
What is there in capital so sacred that it should not be called ·
to war? Sh~ll we conscript human liv~s and leave incomes
and inheritances? Does the country belong to property or to
people? Sha:ll property be preserved by bonded indebtedness
while the people are cast into the trenches to rot? In the eyes
of war and death, is one man better than another? Does not
death reduce all men to a common privilege-the tomb? Why,
then, shall their privileges differ in life?
Conscription? Why not conscript everybody and everything?
Conscript all natural resources, all industries, all capital, all
incomes, and all inheritances.
Conscript every human being.
Everybody cannot go to war, but everybody can do some
useful thing.
Separate the rich from their wealth and make people of
them.
Unite the people in a common life, in a life of mutual interest, and use the power of wealth to protect that life- and
war will be no more.
War is born out of the struggle for wealth, and not out of
the hatred of men.
Conscription of everybody and everything is the highway to
an early peace and an enduring civilization.
-o--
T
HEY tell us that we are in war. And, sure enough, we
are. But how did it happen? Who is responsible? Are
we quite sure that anybody is responsible? Does not the
majority report of the late Socialist convention state that the
war in Europe was "the logical outcome of the competitivecapitalist system"? And that "the forces of capitalism are
of this
even more hideously transparent in the war
country"?
Nobody, but EVERYBODY, who approves and supports
the capitalist system, is responsible. The blood of the nations
is upon every hand.
-o-
M
EN, money and food- these are the three necessities for
a successful war.
Volunteer for certain death? The volunteer candidates for
that country whence no traveler returns are few. No men, no
army; no army, no war. But we are in war; hence CONSCRIPTION of men.
A liberty loan to the already bankrupt and defeated allied
nations from which no interest or principal may return? As
well expect a miser to feed a missionary as a banker to back
·a broken reed. No money, no munitions; no munitions, no
�The Western Comrade
Editorial
war! But we are in war; hence CONSCRIPTION of money.
At least, this war will bring money down to a level with
humanity.
Plenty of food and low prices, when the world wolf is
howling at our doors? As well expect a gourmand to dine on
delicacies as a capitalist system to glut its larder or check its
greed. High prices: intense activity. But high prices will
absorb the money. No money: no munitions. Low prices,
sluggish activity; sluggish activity, no food; no food, no war.
But we are in war; hence CONSCRIPTION of productive
resources.
Conscription of all productive resources!
Conscription of all men to operate the resources!
Conscription of all money for whatsoever purpose!
This is the only road to a successful war, and to an early
and lasting peace.
-o-APITALISM i; a monster. It is reeking with human gore.
It is an all-devou ring cannibal. It devours the poor,
builds gove rnments of their blood, and then devours the governments. It develops greed for power in the hearts of men,
and crushes them with that power. It decays the hearts and
souls of men, and dest roys them because they have not love.
It is a sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal that resounds the
world around. Whosoever follows it will perish by its hand.
It is a serpent with a fang for every heart. Whosoever yields
to its alluring promises will be crushed in its coils. The pathways it makes lead fin ally to the trenches, to a decaying mass,
a putrid tomb.
-o-HE May Western Comrade pointed out the danger of the
majority report of the St. Louis convention. Events
have justified the prophecy.
Not alone the danger to the party- though that is great
enough.
It is the da nger to the members of the party who try to
carry out the admonition of the party press and the pa rty
leaders to distribute generally the majority report of the convention.
The May Comrade pointed out that the majority report
could easily be construed by government officials as being
seditious.
The "Milwaukee Leader" of May 19 carnes the news of
the first fruits of this campaign of distribution of the majority
report.
United States authorities raided the headquarters of the
Socia~ist Party of Indiana and seized all literature bearing
on war.
The raid is thought to be directly traceable to a speech
made in the United States Senate by Senator Husting, of Wisconsi·n. Senator Husting attacked the majority report on war
and militarism.
Socialists must remember that today their rights only exist as official interpretation permits. Despotic powers have
C
T
Page seven
been granted or have been usurped by over-zealous officials.
lhat the persons who formed the St. Louis convention were
i'ndiscreet or that their judgment was not good h~s no bearing
on the case.
But that innocent and energetic Socialists, hating war and
the over-riding of liberty and rights: should distribute this
Majority Report is the concern of every Socialist.
Party members have been urged by those in whom they
have the utmost faith and confidence to give the greatest
possible circulation to the St. Louis majority report.
Without meaning to do so, those who drafted the report
are plotting the downfall of their comrades.
What has happened at Indianapolis may happen anywhere.
Public officials are empowered to stamp out anything they
may deem treasonable.
The public mind is inflamed.
The majority report contains statements that may easily be
interpreted as seditious.
Every Socialist who distributes this literature may subject
himself to the charge of treason.
Under date of May 25, Thornas W. Williams, State Secretary of the Socialist Party of California, writes:
"I have been notified by the United States Disbict Attorney's
office of Southern California that the circulation of the Majority Report is in contravention of recent Congressional
action and that the same would not be admissible to the mails
or for general circulatio.n."
Not to oppose what we cannot help and what it is too late
to prevent, but to make the most of the opportunity for educating the people to the advantages of co-operation-this is the
course that can be pursued profitably by Socialists. The war is
not of our making, but we can take advantage of the opportunity it presents to push our propaganda and hasten the day
of the coming of Socialism.
N
-o--
OW comes a long line of editorials in the daily press,
backed by "influential citizens," demanding that gambling
m foodstuffs be "prohibited during the war.
Is it wrong.
then, to gamble in food in time of war and right in time of
peace? Is it possible that influential citizens do not use their
consciences in time of peace, reserving them for action in time
of war only? When hunger strikes society above the belt in
the region of the aristocracy, it seems to awaken "public conscience.
Conscience becomes terribly rusty when it is so
long between wars. How freaky a rusty consci'ence is, anyway! Saving food to feed men to kill other men is a freak
of conscience that passeth all understanding. Wheh gambling
in food raises prices in times of peace until the poor are
hungry, it is proof positive that the poor are shiftless and indolent and should .work longer hours. But if prices rise in
time of war until they annoyingly reach the rich, then gambling
is a "crime against God and man!"
How fortunate it is fo r this poor world that the rich are
blessed with a keen conscience!
�..
Page eight
Llano·'S
Alooat Llaao
Third
M~y
~AY DAY dawned serene and brighl
A spirit of anticipation seemed to pervade the atmosphere. For
weeks May Day had been talked of and elaborate
preparations had been made. Visitors from many
parts of the state and from surrounding states had come to
spend May Day in Llano. Members not fully paid, and others,
visited the U>lony for the first time and to enjoy the festivities of the day.
The first event of the day was the Pioneers' Parade. The
first comers to the Colony, with single team and one lone cow
in the rear, trudged along, representing the full quota of colonists and visible possessions of the Llano del Rio Colony
in 1914. Following the first pioheers came quite a procession
of arrivals of the year 1915. The line was headed, of course,
by the founder, Comrade Job Harriman, and as many others
of the original board of directors as were in the Colony for
the celebration . Cheers greeted the members of 1914 a.td
M
Athletics at Llano on May Day, when a number of Llano athletes made
excellent records in outdoor sports
1915 as they passed in review. Something seemed to rise in
the throats of many as memories of the past surged up while
they waited the procession.
A tremendously affecting thing it is to witness a large body
of people doing the same rhing at the same time. When one
realizes what this group of people are in Llano for, and what
the trudging group meant, a vision overcoming the hardships
of the past compensates for everything. After all, it's the
spirit that counts.
Athletics were held on the open road and some commendable performances were' recorded. The standing jump, the
mile run, the broad jump and several other events were of
unusual record. One of the pathetic things of life is to witnes "old timers" attempt to come back. Age creeps on us
slowly and unconsciously. providing one is healthy, that
waning power is not suspected untit the reserve is drawn upon,
nd ageing muscles and reserve fail to n:spond. Some of us
who prided ourselves on our abilitY. to jump and do other
feats of strength, agility and endurance, discover that in the
mad r ce for something to eat we have neglected to store
ture's power, and when a test came we hit the gyound
like a frog loaded with too many ;oolly worms.
The 'Westen Comrade
Day
By Robert K. Williams
For fear people may not know to whom I refer, and think
it is they that are referred to, I will state that one of my greatest joys was to out-jump the other fellow. I'm afraid to mention how far I used to jump, but of course it was some jump.
When I stood on the jumping board and looked at the best
mark I mentally commented on the lack of spring in the other
fellow. But, but-when I jumped! It was no less a mental
shock than a bodily one to discover that four or five feet had
been extracted from my record. However, one bright spot
remains. I beat one fellow, and it happended to be Assistant
Superintendent Kilmer.
Athletics continued during a great part of the day, and the
results are recorded elsewhere in the LLANO COLONIST, and
right proud will these vigorous fellows be in after years (when
our publications will run a column "Forty Years Ago Today")
when they discover some May Day their names shining forth
as stars of ancient magnitude. Perhaps forty years from now
they can sympathize, and appreciate my state of feelings now.
The crowd congregated within the spacious hall to hear the
speeches of the day. The hall was filled, as is usual, to
overflowing. Dr. John Dequer was the first speaker on the
list. His subject was "The Significance of May Day." Dr.
John is an eloquent speaker, and it would be embarrassing
to him for me to tell what other people said about his speech,
but really it was inspiring, and the marvel to me is where the
deuce he learned all the stuff he told us, and how he ever acquired the m~llifluous flow of language. I know lots of people
twice as old as he is who don't know a quarter as much.
He touched lightly on the past and builded on the future.
He told of the solidarity of labor and what May Day meant
and would continue to mean. His remarks were highly appreciated, and prepared the audience to hear Comrade W. A.
Engle tell of the origin and history of the flag, what it stood
for and what it should stand for. Comrade Engle has been
with the Llano movement since its inception and has been a
close student of its affairs, being one of the board. He has
also been identified with the labor movement for years. Being
a public speaker, he acquainted himself with the lore of the
past and interested the large group with his intimate knowledge of the flags of the ancients.
Comrade Job Harriman, the president of the company and
founder of the institution, arose amid applause and remarked
that, as the other speakers had gone into past and future,
he would confine himself to the present and tell of the things
done and doing. He gave a brief history of the Colony
and interested many newcomers and inspired them with an
even greater hope. Comrade Harriman has the happy faculty
of making things plain. Members arrive so frequently that
much of the history of the U>lony is a closed book, and an
occasional rehearsinp; of the past keeps clear the difficulties
overcome and the plans entertained for the future.
When ~hese wonderful speeches were going on I regretted
that I didn't have a Memory as perm:tnent and relentive as a
phonogyaph record. I am sorry that it is impossible to repeat
what was said, or to convey to you the mannerisnu, the tones
u~ed and the spirit that ebbed and flowed like a wave, as the
speakers played up and down the gamut of human emotion&.
As the years pass, and the trials of the present become a
thin?; of h istoric and pleasant memory, those of us that were
perinitted to hear these men will remember, · and alWays with
a comparison in mind. You·ve always noticed that things of
�The Western Comrade
Ab .. at Llaao
yesterday were better than those of today. I -used to have a
pepper-anckalt suit that my sister gave to the missiona~es ••
which was the best suit of clothes I ever owned. No tailor
ever made such a good suit since. It's just the same with the
buckwheat cakes that Mother used to make. Llano of May
Day, 191 7, will linger as a pleasant memory and no May Day
can ever again compare, no matter how big or how impressive
the following ceremonies will be. The first cow, of tender
memory, which the Colony owned is now spoken of with reverence and adulation. Ancestor worship is easy of explanation when one looks at things in the light of passing events.
At the conclusion of Comrade Harriman's spech the crowd
repaired to the grove north of the hotel and formed themselves
in lines to be served at the two places of refreshment with
barbecued meat and other eatables. Two converging lines of
people, each almost ten rods in length, filed past the serving
tables until after three o'clock. Colonists and visitors all enjoyed the barbecue.
The Maypole dance, which was to be given in front of the
hotel, was transferred to the east side on accout of the west
wind, which made graceful dancing difficult. The girls deserve great credit for the performance, which was_witnessed
by a large circle of attentive lookers-on.
In the evening, promptly at 7: 30-Liano time-the Llano
Dramatic Company offered its special program-the farce com·
edy, "The Mishaps of Minerva"-prepared for May Day. Arrangements were made for a two-night stand, as the Assembly
Hall does not accomodate all who wish to attend, and there
were a hundred visitors in Llano for May Day. So it was decided to repeat the show on Wednesday night and visitors were
given first rights on Tuesday night, the hall being well filled
on both nights, with ushers and doorkeepers handling the
big crowds.
The performance was so well given that it has since been
decided to offer it in the small towns of the valley. With
twelve amateur but well-trained actors in the cast, with the
Llano orchestra, with the stage lighted by electricity generated
by a steam engine rebuilt in Llano, the wiring and installation
done by Llano electricians and helpers, the stage built by Llano
carpenters, and the scenery arranged and painted by Llano
talent, the show could well be called a "home production."
The play was a two-act production, and the performers had
their parts so well that interest never flagged for a moment.
It was well handled throughout and made a decided hit.
The day finally concluded with the dance, the hall being
even more crowded with visitors and home people. Everyone
had a good time, and the third May Day celebration was voted
a ~~:realer success than any of the preceding ones.
There's a description of the May Day events and, after
glancing at it, I find it totally inadequate to express just exactly
what was put into the day. While we all enjoyed the parade,
the athletics, the addresses, the barbecue, the dance, yet there
is something more about the whole affair that is clear out of
reach. I can't express it. No use of me trying, and I don't
believe any one else can do full justice to the day. There's
a something about May Day that feels like a Fourth of july, a
Thanksgiving and a Christmas. The dearth and chill sometimes nere and there, a sadness of joys and sorrows experienced, and hopes and resolutions for the future of New Years,
are all combined in this d ::\y. When looking at the track events,
it is not merely a competitor we see; it is not the paraders in
the march we see when we see the winding cortege. It's
something else. It's the spirit that we feel, the something intang~ble that weaves the universe about and binds human
Scenes at the barbecue on May Day, showing dinero lining up at the
serving stands; bottom, barbecuing the meat.
hearts and purposes human minds to a goal far beyond.
No use talking, there is a spirit in Llano that is unusuaL
There is a community of interest that binds, and it is not
entirely economics. Powerful though the urge of economics
is, yet life is a hopeless morass without the sweet interchange
of human affection. Dollars and property cannot take the
place of heart throbs, and no callous connection of gold ever
ties a knot that holds.
Llano, indeed, stands for something e.Jse, quite somethins
�Page ten
Aboat Llaao
else, than dollars and property and possessions. Dollars and
property a nd rights and titles are absolutely necessary for the
permanence of our existence, yet if we traded entirely alone
on this our movement would fail, and our living out here on
these pleasant slopes would be in vain.
The story of Llano_must be told over and over again. Each
month sees new readers of our iiterature, and perhaps for the
first time in their lives a hope is thereby instilled. The unfortunate part .of it, however, is that many people read their
hopes into the lines. c am trying to reach the great mass of
people who have just heard of us but are not acquainted with
our movement, and make them see conditions as they exist. But
it's impossible. One man left a note fqr me when he left for
hi.s home back East to "enter the treadmill," as he expressed
it, saying that the literature of Llano did not half express the
spirit or tell of the things done or the potentialities. This
made me feel good. Therefore it was some shock to listen to
a gentleman from the southern part of the state say: "I am
very much surprised. You haven't got anything done that I
can see. Three years' work! You haven't accomplished very
much."
Recently I met a man who lives fifteen miles from here. He
was here the first few months of the Colony's struggles. He
told me that he was astonished beyond measure at the development shown. Really he ought to know what he's talking
about, for he has 160 acres and has but thirty cleared, while
our clearing runs into the hundreds. Another neighbor re·marked that we surely had done a lot in three years. He said
he hadn't done very much in that time. A woman told me
the other day that she would die if she had to stay here a
month. Another woman, who went in the same party over the
ranch, said upon returning that she thought this was the greatest place on earth and was going to return here as quickly as
possible.
The Colony is big enough and strong enough to stand up
under most any strain and can stand knocks as well as boosts.
While knocks and unpleasant things are not delightful, yet
they come with a certain welcome and helpfulness, for it keep>
us from getting overenthusiastic.
As for myself, I am enthusiastic over the future and present
possibilities of Llano. There are others here who are not as
enthusiastic as I. There's a reason, of course. There's a reason for most things. In the early struggles of any enterprise
every one cannot be expected to be happy and contented.
Our housing is not and has not been what we want. It's the
hope of better housing that keeps many of us enthused. Anyway people are not constituted alike. I can eat most things.
Some are not so fortunate, and consequently marvel at my
internal arrangement. It just happens so, and I take no credit
for anything. If we have starch, I eat it. If we have something else, I eat that also, and say little about it. I was in the
commissary a few days ago and heard a woman give an order
for lard. We didn't have any. She wanted to know how
beans could be made palatable without fat pork. This question disturbed her very much. It wasn't my problem, so I
could look on with amused tolerance. There are some who eat
to live and while eating live in the future. Some of us live
. right ·now, every minute, and the big problem presents itself
three times a day. A man came with his family, and returned
to the city because-he co.u ldn't obtain eggs and cream at all
meals. So what is one's problem is of no moment to another,
but perhaps that other has a hobby on something else and is
as offensive as possible while dilating on his own likes and
dislikes.
Hope is a tremendous lever to raise oneself above the an-
The
Weatern
Comrade
noyances of life. One of the hard jobs is to create something
out of nothing. Few ever succeed at it. Llano comes nearer
succeeding at this particular job than anywhere else, at least
in this county. We started with nothing, and worse than nothing-we were thousands and thousands in debt, with an organized world against us. We have lived and grown, perhaps not
fat; at any rate we have lived. The struggles have been hard.
We had to lind men-men of tact and managing ability, and
men With vision. They are here, lots and lots of them, and
more will come. But, please, please, do not think Llano is a
ready~made heaven. It is not. There is work to do. Every
one with the intelligence · of a mosquito knows that labor produces everything, and if they know and realize it, they should
know that all good things come to those who labor for themselves.
Llano is set in the midst of competition and it is still an
unexplained group. Under capitalism and while working for
the other fellow, it is generally known that the results of one's
labor goes, in most part, to the owner of the job. Here it is
not so. The results of labor in Llano, so long as it is productive and constructive, go to the mass as a whole, and, in
proportion, to oneself. This is true. Once the labor here gets
on a self-supporting basis, the division of the proceeds will not
go to any small group, but to the group as a whole.
So far as I can see, the future of Llano lies in tlie soil and
its allied industries. I mean by this, farming and cattle or
live stock. There are many industries that will grow out of
Llano and be self-supporting as a separate entity, but the success of tfie whole enterprise depends on land and water. The
land is here, as is well known; the water is here, too, not
merely according to my judgment, but according to the experienced judgment of engineers. A visit to the fountain head of
the supply of water awakes a new hope in the breast of most
experienced men. However, this is not universally so. A man
came here not long ago who lived on the bank of a broad river.
He said we had no water. Of course not, in comparison with
the vast stream he was accustomed to.
A girl about thirty-two, I should judge, told me she was
accustomed to all the luxuries of the land. I was abashed.
I felt for a moment as if I was in the presence of greatness,
and even yet when I am close to a great man or woman I
shiver, so I shiveringly asked her what particular branch of
business, if she had one, she followed. She proudly said she
worked as a domestic in the homes of the rich, and therefore
the larders were always open to her. Llano held no attractions for her, and she left to seek her vision in the palaces of
the great overlords.
The above divergence is to show you that Llano is impractical and hopeless to some, and a wonderfully real and hopeful
theme to another. How do you account for it? A half-dozen
people sit down at the same table and eat the same thing~. anrl
three get sick. Why? Every school of healing will answer
that question differently. How, then, can Llano be made a
place of satisfaction to every one?
Some have left Llano, and more will go, but many more
will come. Those who remain will be the inheritors of the
labors of the past. The world is not quite old enough to inculcate the lessons of co-operation sufficiently to make a deep
and lasting impression. However, the earth is being driven
to lt. The great war is setting the pace, and ooganization and
co-operation is now almost worldwide, although the products
are not distributed on an organized basis as yet. However,
there's hope of this, and the sooner every one realizes the
necessity of getting together the quicker will _the great food
and economical problems be worked out. -
�The
Western
MJ
M
Comrade
About Llano
May D~y
AY DAY is of all days a day of joy in every country
not stricken by the grim hand of war. In time
of peace May Day is a festival sacred to Labor
throughout the civilized world. May Day, the day
of flowers, love and song. May Day, the day when the land
man sees the growing grain present its promise of a life-giving
harvest. May Day embodies the spirit of hope for the year.
And in working-class circles it embodies the ideal of emancipation from economic slavery. It 1s. a day sacred to the hope
preached by the prophets and teachers of the race. It promises
to the world that out of the seed of Labor Martyrdom shall
>arne day spring a harvest of justice, truth and righteousness.
The blossoming trees, the flowering shrub, the waving grass,
the singing bird with love pain vibrating in its little heart as it
sits swinging by the nest of its mate, hoping for the safety of
the brood that is to be, proclaim the natural world filled with
the creative passion, proclaim the love hour of Nature. The
flowers in color, the birds in song, the beasts in their noblest
bearing, rejoice to-day. All Nature shouts the onward march
of life. May Day, the day of life triumphant for man and beast.
Nature as such knows neither war or peace. Only mankind,
with their artificial society, have strangled love and enthroned
hate among themselves. fhey have crushed the heart to make
room for the brain. They have killed the heart to exalt the
Aesh. Civilization based on class government has opened the
pit of Gehenna and let destruction loose in the world.
Throughout the world of Nature there is always struggle
a nd death between species. Joy for one is often brought with
pain for others.< Still much of life's span is but love's sweet
agony. It rewards itself in the new life born. It gives us the
joyous lamb at play. It gives us the yellow-mouthed nestlings
on their bed of down. It gives the calf and the colt, trotting
by their mothers' side. True, they were born in agony, but
they live in joy. A joy to. themselves and the being that bor~
them. They· live true to the law that all reach a heaven of
happiness through the reefs and shoals of pain. We win the
joy of rest only as a reward for struggle.
The hawk still preys on the dove only to lay it at the feet of
its young. The wolf still slays the sheep to feed her cubs.
The cougar purrs with delight over the carcass of a fawn. All
Nature is still "red in claw and fang." The love passion is seen
only in the species, but not between the species.
Here man is an exception. Civilization has given him power
and knowledge; it has robbed him of justice and fellowship.
The natural world slays alien species for food. Man walks
to the goal of his ambition on carpets of kindred flesh.
"Yet I doubt not through the ages
One eternal purpose runs,
And the thoughts of men are widened
With the process of the suns!"
These cruel, hea rtless, soulless, hypocritical conflicts, who
knows but they may be the birth pains of a new social organon that shall be as beautiful and just as the present is
erful and cruel? Who knows but that with the death of
mgs, the fall of thrones, the bankruptcy of treasuries, with
the ruin of the commissary of the world, will come a new era
fathered by necessity and mothered by love? But our hopes
do not alter the realities of the present situation. Our hopes
do not silence the guns. Our hopes do not break the bayonets.
Our hopes do not extinguish the bombs. Our hopes do not
take the man from the ammunition and return him to the plow.
Page eleven
By D r. J o h n D e que r
Our hopes do not stem the crimson tide that stains a thousand
fields. Our hopes are as vain as our prayers, unless th~y stimulate us to action. Unless hoping leads to doing, our hopes
are of no avail.
Labor and love are the redemption and the resurrection;
work and wisdom the portals of salvation for mat~kind.
To do the social deeds will ere long not be a venture, but
a necessity. To care for the broken, the halt and the blind
made by war wiU become a universal duty. Love divorced
from charity, kindness purified by knowledge, humanity compelled by circumstances, will lay the foundation for a new
earth. And when the new earth is won, heaven will be gained.
After this war will be the resurrection. Not the theological
resurrection of dead men, but the spiritual resurrection of dead
virtues. justice. equality and brotherhood will rise as from
the tombs. After this war the world will be redeemed from
the threefold curse of interest, rent and profit.
After this war we shall see the salvation born of production
for human needs. We shall be saved from the destruction born
of avarice and greed.
When the smoke has cleared and · the passion died away
mankind will celebrate a glorious May Day in a new era-an
era where the self shall feel its dependence on the whole. We
shall celebrate a May Day of Nature, taking our children to
our hearts, instead of to the recruiting stations.
We will celebrate a May Day by beating our guns into
tractors and our shells into reapers. We shall celebrate a May
Day throughout the world as we celebrate it here lo-day.
There is something almost prophetic in the birth of Uano.
It i~ more than mere circumstance. Less than four months
before the outbreak of the war the foundation of Llano was
laid. The first successful co-operative colony was started.
Like John of old crying in the wilderness, "Make straight the
paths of the Lord," so Llano cried from her nest in the desert
"Co-operate and live." While the battle raged from Lieg~
to Arras, while blood flowed from Riga in Europe to Bagdad
in Asia, while hell's grim fury grasped all the Old World,
Llano, small and insignificant, cried ii:s message of peace and··
union to a bewildered world. She labored to change the dust
of the deiert into gardens of grain.
·
She battled with the rocks and thorns of Nature and of
ignorance. Her literature went out into the highways and
byways, into the fields and hedges. She drew the mind from
scenes of _blood to scenes of peace. Many came and stayed
to fight With us. Some went back to the jobs and bosses of
c~pitalism .. To-day _we celebrate a vidory-a victory not
without pam, but wtthout blood; a victory not counted in
?ead a_nd wounded, but in fields and orchards, in herds and
mdustnes. We celebrate a victory of co-operative achievements, won against capitalism outside and ignorance inside
and wilderness under foot. We are battling to win the state
of California to our ideals. We seek to conquer the world.
The Angel of Co-operation has come to redeem us from chaos
~ecessity. the great transformer of men and institutions sen~
?er.. She broods with gentle ardor over a self-sick worli She
mspnes new . motives, erects new standards. Through the
:vrec~ ~nd rutn o~ t~e old she moves, breathing hope, inspirmg VISion and pomtmg the way.
Withou~ ~er presence Llano would be impossible; without
h~r benedtchon upo~ the efforts of our brains and hands, mankmd would destroy Itself. Co-operation is the life and resurrection of the human race.
�.,_
Page twelve
IDliD
D
Mecloaaics
E-fficiency
The Western Co,;.rade
By L. W. Millsap, Jr.
you ever meet this popular will-o'-the-wisp? If tomorrow's conditions and our work becomes only relative to
so, you are a very fortunate person, because striving surrounding conditions.
Conditions set our standard and conditions change this standfor efficiency is like chasing a rainbow. By the time
you have painfully arrived at the place where it was ard from day to day. If we reach our stan.d ard on the day
when you started after it, it has danced merrily on ahead, it is set by conditions we work at one hundred per cent efficiency. If we reach it a week later when new standards have
leaving you to still struggle onward.
·
This term has become very popular in the last few years been set, our percentag~ is very low, and so the will-o'-the-wisp
and is handed about as cheerfully and carelessly as a new becko11s us on.
Think of ' the change of the standards in transportati~n.
slang phrase is by a bunch of rah! -rah! boys, and a person
who cannot put "efficiency," "psychology" and "submarine" all First we walked. It was the best, easiest and quickest way to
get somewhere. Then we forced another huinto the same sentence gets a quiet look of
man being to carry us. Then we devised
pity from his or her companions.
a seat that could be ·carried by two individuIt was the man in overalls, with greasy
als. Then we put wheels on this seat and
hands, with black finger-marks on his face,
dispensed with one individual. Then we put
with his back covered with dust and his
an animal in the place of the human being.
pockets sagging with monkey wrenches and
Next we put an engin~ in place of the animal.
other miscellaneous hardware from crooked
Then we made the seat larger and carried a
wires to crank shafts, that put this term into
number of people. Then we
the spotlight and made it popmade the engine smaller and
ular.
still hauled the same load.
Efficiency is the accomThen we laid rails to run it
plishment of results in the
on and lessened the time and
best, easiest and quickest way.
energy ; and so on ad infinNow it is a fact that the huitum. The canoe, the steamman brain is stimulated to acboat, the ocean liner. The
tion by watching the operabicycle, the automobile. The
tion of mechanical devices.
balloon, the airplane.
It is also nearly always necesEvery change made it necsary to use mechanical deessary for manufacturing
vices when efforts are made to
methods, habits and knowlaccomplish results in better,
edge to also change, and eveasier and quicker ways. On
ery little change anywhere in
account of this fact it is
the whole industrial fabric
habitual for mechanics, as a
was felt eventually through
rule, to be on the lookout for
the whole mass.
better methods to estimate the
Confusion? Yes. What of
possibility of satisfying the
it? If it is incident to growth, well
need and to devise methods for the acand good; if it is not, there is no efficomplishment of the end in question.
ciency. Efficiency lessens confusion,
He has talked about it so much and
·,.
change of conditions makes confusion
has shown such marvelous results that
in related things because it sets new
the rest of the world has taken the cue
standards. The valuable fact is this:
and tQday we see in every line of activity time, energy and money devoted
Athletics formed one of the chief allactions on May the confusion it creates is temporary,
Day. Below is one of the serivng stands.
while the lessening of confusion that it
to the discovery of better, easier and
makes possible is permanent.
quicker ways of obtaining the desirable
Let us take a concrete example and analyze it. Suppose
things of life. Like other good things, man will misuse efficiency . first and injure himself with it, then, having acquired a man starts manufacturing an article in a small, one-room
experience, he will make proper use of it. In fad, he is shop, and this grows into a big factory. He adds one machine
going through that process now. He started out to get the at a time and one building at a time until his plant covers
desirable things of life in the best, quickest and easiest way, several blocks.
At every step he ·has aimed to take the best, easiest and
but he has become so ·interested in the best, easiest and quickest way· that he has lost sight of the. fact that it was only quickest way, but the chances are strong that he took the
desirable things that he was after, and the present time finds easiest and quickest way, and gave little thought about whether
him pulling down on his defenseless head an avalanche of it was the best ultimately. Finally he realizes that something
very undesirable things, and doing it in the best, easiest and is wrong. He is not getting the results, so he analyses the
quickest way.
situation and he may find something like this: His raw material
Meanwhile he is making discoveries and at the same time is delivered on one side of the plant while the first process
the will-o'-the-wisp is dancing along ahead, always out of takes place on the other side. The processes carry the
reach. .The bes't , easiest, and quickest way under yesterday's material from one detached building to another till the last
conditions becomes the worst, hardest and slowest way under process finds it at a point clear across the yard from where it
~
�The Western Comrade
Mecltanica
Page thirteen
Part of the May Day crowd in line before the serving stands in the orchard.
must be delivered to the cars in a finished state. It has taken
time, energy and money to , transport material across those
yards three times when once would have been much better,
had the machinery been laid out in the proper order.
There is no cure but to shut down, move all his buildings,
change the location of all his processes, and place them so that
the raw material is delivered at the closest possible point to
the first process, from which it travels the least possible distance
to the next process, etc., until when the last process is completed it is found at the closest possible point to the place
from which it may be shipped.
This is called "straight-line production." It causes temporary confusion to plan the route for the material in process,
and then to move all the buildings and machinery to their
places, in conformity with the proper consecutive order, but
once it is done, less energy, time and money are required
from that time on.
Llano has grown to the point where straight-line production
must be planned and established in a number of places to prevent extravagant expenditure of time, energy and money, and,
while the old way was the best under the conditions that developed it, a new standard must be set, and we hope to soon
have some good examples of straight-line production.
Another modern efficiency measure is called "division of
labor." Let us suppose that the labor question is repairing bicycles. In a shop where jobs are few one man must be able
to do everything. He receives work, fixes tires, makes adjustments, does brazing and keeps books, or more often does
not keep them. His business increases and he hires men .
They all do as he does; that is, they do anything that is necessary on the job in hand. When his business grows to the
point where five men are employed he realizes that something
is wrong. He is losing, the men are dissatisfied, and he does
not know why. Then he analyzes his trouble and makes a
discovery. Two men wish to use the same bench at the same
time and there is a local conflict of interest. One sharpens a
tool for his purpose and thereby spoils it for his fellow worker.
One estimates the price on a certain job and another estimates
a different price on the same job, and there is endless conflict
and loss. So after some study he changes his whole plan.
He selects the best fitted man and lets him meet customers,
and receive and deliver work. Another man is given a bench
to himself and tools for the purpose, and he opens up the
trouble and prepares the job for a more skilful man to finish.
Another is given all the rubber equipment and he fixes all the
tires. Another does assembling and makes all line adjustments
while the fifth does brazing and heavier work. From that moment on there is no conflict, the men discover better methods
of doing the tasks in their division, a spirit of team work develops and the whole organization radiates success and grows.
Over 1000 people were present.
These two examples will suffice to indicate methods. Besides
these there are "quantity production," "standardization,"
"simplification of process," "working to schedule," "motion
study," "scientific employment," and dozens of other efficiency
measures that are employed in modern industry. As long as
these are used to obtain desirable things and work to the advantage of all, everything is well, but when they are used foi
purely selfish purposes Nature asserts herself and the punishment is speedy and certain.
As Llano grows it is the hope of all that these methods
will be established as rapidly as circumstances will permit,
and, as all efforts will be directed to make them function for
the benefit of all, it is easy to imagine how rapidly the will-o'the-wisp will dance ahead and beckon us on into new fields
of endeavor. With light hearts we will follow as Nature intended that we should.
A Social Puzzle
S
OCIETY sat musing, very sad,
Upon her people's conduct, which was bad.
Said she, "I can't imagine why they sin,
With all the education . I put in!
For instance, why so many maimed and sick
After their schooling in arithmetic?
Why should they cheat each other beyond telling
When they are so well grounded in good spelling?
They learned geography by land and tribe,
And yet my statesmen can't refuse a bribe!
Ought not a thorough knowledge of old Greek
To lead to that wide peace the nations seek?
And grammar! With their grammar understood,
Why should they still shed one another's blood?
Then, lest these ounces of prevention fail,
I've pounds a nd tons of cure--of no avail.
I punish terribly- and I have causeWhen they so sin aginst my righteous laws."
"Of grammar?" I enquired. She looked perplexed.
"For errors in their spelling?" She grew vexed.
"Failure in mathematics?" "You young fool r"
She said, "The law don't meddle wi'th the school.
I teach with care and cost, but never ask
What conduct follows from the early task.
My punishment- with all the law's wide reachIs in the lines I don't pretend to teach!"
I meditated. Does one plant him corn,Then rage because no oranges are born?
-C. P. Gilman in "The Forerunner."
�Page fourteen
Art
The Socialist City
~EVICES for minimizing the labor of housekeeping are
D
I an important part of the general conception of the
I ~ I So~ialist city. The fri-ghtfully . wa~teful process by
___=_j whtch women throw away theu time and strength
and money in a continuous struggle to deal with a ridicl!lously
haphazard equipment in the ordinary home is one of the great
and useless extravagances of the present system.
In our model city modern schools, with their athletics and
supervised playgrounds, will relieve the mother of all duties
except the purely maternal ones of loving counsel, comfort and
never-failing refuge in the stress of human failings and disasters.
The central kitchens will remove the hatefully monotonous
drudgery of cooking three meals a day, three hundred and
sixty-five days in the year, and washing the dishes. A few
improvements, such as stationary tubs, are in general use in
the better class of homes in many progressive communities.
It ought to be a penal offense not to have stationary tubs in
dwelling houses, just as it is to have anything but sanitary
plumbing. How many women have I seen bringing on permanent internal disorders by trying to lift the ordinary galvanized iron tub! However, it is a fact that a- very small
percentage of homes have these modern conveniences as yet.
In our city the stationary tubs will not be important, as the
people will own the central laundry and will be able to administer it so that their effects will not be damaged by carelessness. rough work and chemicals. It may be desirable to put
a small outfit in one of the hJof bathrooms, so that particular
people can "do up" a few delicate articles when necessary,
and hang them up on the roof, where they will get the benefit
of the full blaze of the sun and will not be a disturbing element in the neighbors' view, as the roof balustrades and pergola will provide seclusion even on the outdoor second story.
Electricity will contribute its thousand conveniences- lighting, heating, power for vacuum-cleaning and sewing machines,
egg-beaters, irons and who knows what devices the morrow
may bring forth in this age of miracles. "Built-in" furniture
solves the problem of unnecessary labor. Cleaning under
heavy furniture has always been an element of danger for the
frailer class of women and a temptation for neglect by the
careless housewife. Beds that can be swung this way or that
with a touch, and bookcases and sideboards that are part of
the wall finish, all mean economy of strength and time and
the achieving of real sanitary conditions. In the good old
times the more difficult details of cle:tning were often deferred
by a desperately overworked housewife to a semi-annual
cyclonic disruption of the home.
Some of the most beautiful modern homes have tile floors,
which, beside having the harmonious tones of a Persian rug,
are the beau-ideal of simplicity of cleaning and absolute clinical sterilizaton. A plan is contemplated in Llano by which
their only objection-----chilliness-is overcome. Highly finished
cement is the next choice for floors, providing the same arrangement is carried out. Both these floors require a number
of deep-naped small rugs, easily handled and placed in strategic positions. We expect-indeed, we are already makin ~
very artistic rugs, which will be available to all our colonists,
not just the chosen -few. Waxed or painted wooden floors
will probably, however. be preferred by the majority, from
conformity to habit. The children, however, will have an
opportunity in this, as In many other lines, to acquire habits
The Western Comrade
By A. Constance Austin
based on more advanced standards of beauty at;~d simplicity.
Another household bugbear is the windows. As in the
model city these are nearly all French windows, and are not
commanded by the neighbors, and as the breezes of Llano
will all come over alfalfa fields and grasses of the parks, instead of dusty streets, they can-open, which will call for much
less cleaning. The glass of the sun parlor will be slightly
coated with paint, like a conservatory, which will diffuse the
light and reduce the cleaning to an occasional hosing. The
sun parlor in any case should have a concrete floor, as it
should be lined with vines and potted plants, and sprinkled
every evening just before bedtime by sprinklers so arranged
that by tuniing a switch every part could be aeluged simultaneously. The same arrangement should obtain in the patio
garden.
It is contemplated to deal with the fly nuisance in Llano
by permanent self-cleaning fly traps, on wings, which at intervals would also provide the music. A compartment walled
with screen netting, roofed with glass, with flowers and grass
for a floor, could be built onto the outside of the sun parlor,
which is also the dining room. This should be accessible only
by a bird-proof turntable door at one end. This arrangement
could be three feet wide and any length, an unimpeded flight
of sixty-five feet being possible. A little fountain would give
them permanent fresh water and baths. As any flies would be
inevitably attracted to the dining room, the usual arrangement of some sugar and water and a slit would provide the
flies with speedy elimination by Nature'_s method-----:-and the
birds with healthy exercise and normal conditions. which. however, would have to be greatly supplemented, as the fly crop
would soon cease to be. Llano could incidentally develop a
very profitable canary-breeding industry. It is thought that
even mocking-birds could be induced to breed in such normal
conditions. These and other fly-catchers would have to be
kept in any case with the canaries, as these last are not flycatchers. but only profit-catchers. Fly screens in the doors
and windows-prolific source of annoyance and one of the
little fretting conditions which reduce our vitality and efficiency
-could thus be eliminated.
The window curtain is another household scourge. Good
housekeepers- poor martyrs! - keep up a perpetual round of
washing and stretching and pressing, under which the delicate
fabrics quickly succumb and have to be expensively replaced.
Bad housekeepers have soiled curtains, which are much worse
than nothing. These ornamental draperies are of no particular service in keeping out sunlight or even prying eyes-{ when
real protection is desired, you pull down the shades)-but
merely soften the lines of painfully crude window frames. A
much better way of treating all wall openings is to make the
frame so beautiful that no one will wish to mask it with muslin. The solid frame itself can be delicately carved in low
relief in wood or stone, or painted in subdued designs. A
whole new art industrv could be developed in this almost
virgin field. The actual opening could be further outlined by
lacy tracery of wood or metal, which would accent the lovely
vistas of our parks with a transparent frame visible even -at
night in a darkened room. Under these conditions curtains
would become a pleasant eccentricity practiced by curtainborn housekeepers to whom these little conventions are the
manifestations of their interests and activities.
(Continued on Page 26)
�The
Western
Page 6fteen
Comrade
Making Wood Pulp for Paper
m
N TAKING up the subject of papermaking, the first
step is the preparation of the wood, which is to be
converted into pulp. Spruce is the best wood for
- - - the purpose, although other timbers are used, especially hemlock. None of the hard woods are suitable.
The wood is first cut into convenient lengths for handling.
After the trees have been cut the desired lengths, the bark is
removed either with drawshaves or axes. If the timber is of
large dimensions, it is cut into shorter lengths and split into
blocks of the proper size to be fed into the clipping machines.
Spruce and hemlock trimmings and cull pieces from sawmills, after being reduced to proper lengths, are also utilized
in pulpmaking.
The clipping machines, or chippers, as they are termed, consist of heavy circular plates revolving at high speed in a sort
of iron hopper. The opening through which the wood is
thrust against the knives is box-shaped, between two and three
feet long and about one foot square. This is set at an angle
with the revolving plate, which gives a shearing cut to the
wood. If the pieces of wood to be chipped were presented to
the knives endwise and at right angles the result would be
more of a grinding process and would not chip easily.
These chippers reduce the inserted pieces of wood into chips
By R. A. Barber
chlorine gas is also mixed with this liquid composition and
held in solution. The pulp, having been properly screened, is
now conveyed to the bleach tanks.
The pulp is again submitted to a washing process in the
tanks, · in which a portion of the bleaching liquid Is mixed
with the water, ·and as the pulp is conveyed from one tank
to another the amount of the bleaching liquid is lessened until
the bleaching is completed.
The pulp passes from the last bleaching tank over the other
bleach screens, from whence it is conveyed to another washing tank. In this a long wooden drum of a peculiar slatted
construction is revolving. The bleached pulp is mixed with
water. The water, laden with pulp, passes into both ends of
this revolving drum, passing out through the slatted portions.
This causes the pulp to be thoroughly washed and at the
same time has a tendency to break up any portion of the pulp
which may adhere, so that the fibers may be distributed evenly
through the water.
The water carrying the clean and bleached pulp passes on
to another tank, where it is ready to be taken and pressed
into sheet form. This process WJ11 be somewhat difficult to
describe except in a general way.
Revolving in the last-named tank, which is about eight feet
Celebrating
May
Day.Cent<r and right-hand scenes
show preparations for serv. ing lunch to 1.000 persons.
of varying sizes. They are carried on an elevater to a revolving wire screen similar to a corn popper, only very much
larger. From this revolving screen the chips are conveyed
to shaker screens, which remove all the line sawdust-like portions, for the chips must have some length to produce fiber.
The chips are conveyed from tfie screens to bins located
above the digesters. These digesters ar about forty-live feet
in length a nd fourteen or fifteen feet in diameter, made of
steel and lined with brick. The digesters are filled with the
chips, and a liquid, consisting chiefly of sulphuric acid, is
poured over them. The whole mass is then cooked with steam
from seven to eight hours.
The cooked mass is blown by steam from the digesters into
a tank wilh a perforated bottom, where the pulp is thoroughly
washed with a hose for the purpose of removing the acid, dirt
and other foreign matter that might have adhered to the wood.
After being washed, the pulp is passed over what is termed
the unbleached screens, to remove any portions of the wood
that may not have yielded to the digesters. The pulp is then
submitted to a bath, composed mainly of salt electrically treated, ·for the purpose of bleaching . . The salt is arranged in
cells and submitted to a current of electricity, by which chlorine gas is generated. The bleaching liquid is composed mostly
of lime and other ingredients having bleaching qualities, and
is reduced to the proper consistency by adding water. The
long, is a drum perhaps three feet in diameter, faced with
rubber corrugated in a circular manner, not longitudinal. As
this drum revolves in the water it picks up a portion of the
pulp, which adheres to its corrugated surface.
Running horizontally above this drum and in close proximity to it, is a canvas-like sheet about eight feet wide, made
from pure wool and rather roughly woven. As the drum revolves the pulp meets with the wool canvas and is deposited
evenly on its surface. The pulp now meets a felt sheet of the
same width running like a belt over the rollers. The roller running close to the woolen sheet is made of some polished metal,
perhaps steel. It is called the press roll. Directly under this
metal roll is a similar one, and over this the woolen sheet
passes. At this point and for some distance the woolen and
woolen felt sheets run together i·n close proximity. As the
pulp is carried along on the surface of the woolen sheet it
comes in contact with the felt sheet and at the same time
passes between the press rolls and continues on between the
felt and woolen sheets. This process squeezes out the surplus
water from the pulp and at the same time converts the pulp
into sheet form. Later it passes through a set of press rolls
and becomes a sheet less than an eighth of an inch in thickness.
At this point we now have our pulp in a somewhat usable
shape, but still too moist and tender to be handled. This
(Continued on Page 26)
�Page sixteen
Was- Schmidt
(Thi• is the second installment of Comrade Harriman's address in the
trial of the Los Angeles Times dynamiting cases.)
-,HALL
Guilty?~J -ob
Ha
umbrella is telling you the truth. Every rib and stay tells you
in no uncertain terms that the felon Clark is a villainous i>erjurer. They tell you that Clark never placed dynamite under
the crane of the Dayton bridge.
They tell you that they were in Cincinnati at home with him
that ni·g ht. They tell you that this fel<>n was put upon this
stand to help hang this defendant _with a lie. They tell you
that the prosecuting attorney knows that the felon Clark was
giving perjured testimony when he swore that this unscathed
umbrella frame was pressed close down over twenty pounds
of eighty per cent nitr~glycerine when it exploded. I had
rather my blood would curdle in my veins· than to present
such evidence with which to take a human life. He would
have you believe that twenty pounds of eighty per cent nitro-
I say perjury? Yes, perjury! It is easy to say
perjury. It is easy for the District Attorney to ~cream
1 perjury, which he did, but he showed no evtdence.
I shall not only accuse them of perjury, but I shall let
the poisoned statements that fell from their putrid lips turn
like the serpents they are, and sink their poisoned fangs in the
very heart~ of their testimony.
Let us first consider the testimony of the felon Clark of Cincinnati--Clark of Goosetown fame; Clark, who stealthily went
to Goosetown and met a man with a basketful of dynamite,
twenty pounds of 80 per cent nitro-glycerine! How remarkable! just the amount and just the per cent that the
prosecution would have you believe was placed in the Times
Building. He told you that there were about twenty sticks
weighing about one pound each; that they lay in his little
basket without wrappers and did not mash or run together
during the entire trip from Goosetown to Cincinnati and from
Cleveland to Dayton, Ohio.
N the May WESTERN COMRADE, on these pages, an an·
Ei!:hty per cent nitro-glycerine, in sticks, put out by the
nouncement was made of the purchase of a great strip of
manufacturer without wrappers, and carried in a warm car
territory in the San Joaquin Valley.
for hours without running together! What a statement! It
would tax the ignorance of a mule and the credulity of a
When the article was written and the advertise~ent inserted
simpleton to believe it.
on the back cover page, all details had been concluded and it seemed
One hundred per cent is oil. Eighty per cent is soft and
that the dea:l was finished.
mushy. But listen! He took this mushy stuff and kept it all
But the first negotiations had been made before the United States
night in his home in Cincinnati and picked it up, stick by
decided to go into the war. The prospects of a long and costly war,
stick, and gently laid it in his valise and inserted a concussion
cap according to his instructions, he never having performed
which would place additional burdens on all of the people, and which
such a feat before. Then he attached sixty feet of fuse,
the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony could not hope to escape, led
closed the valise and took the first passenger train for Dayton
the Board of Directors to reconsider their first unofficial decision.
to d€> his deadly work. Do you remember the t~rible havoc
A visit was made to the new property. After this, a thorough
and fearful wreck produced by this infernal machine?
discus~ion of the probable costs, the hardships that might be imposed
Listen! It was raining on that fatal night when he stealthily
by war conditions, and which cannot be foreseen tho~gh they may
stole his way through the sleeping, peaceful city of Dayton,
to River Bridge, and thence to the engine and crane, where
be judged by what the warring countries are going through, led the
this felon placed his infernal machine. Down close under the
directors to take a different view of the matter.
shoe of the derrick the dynamite v•as pressed and over it
The result was that they have decided that it is too much to attempt
was placed, closely and snugly, an umbrella, to shed the
under the conditions which the Colony. together with the rest of the
drenching rain, that nothing might interfere with the deadly
country, must face.
work. The fuse was lighted and the perjured villain found
Therefore, the land purchase must be laid over, and all energy and
his way to the streets of the city and there waited that he
might hear the terrible crack and know his work was well
done. The devilish sound of twenty pounds of 80 per cent
nitro-glycerine came crashing and roaring through the streets
glycerine would twist and tear and break a six-inch steel
and lo! it only blew off the skin of this umbrella!
Look at it! The cloth is gone, but not a wire is bent or beam while the frail reeds of an umbrella in equal proximity
would go unscathed. You have a right to expect a lie from
twisted. The enamel is not even disturbed.
Look at it! See the handle! I~ escaped scot-free! Not a felon and an equal right to expect good faith upon the part
a crack or a scratch on it! Ah! his initials that he carved of the District Attorney. The rule is that when one is false in
on the handle before he placed it over this terrible infernal one thing that you should look with mistrust upon all he says
machine are likewise undisturbed. Look at them! Placed or does. This rule should apply to attorney and witness alike.
It is upon the testimony of this felon Clark that the prosethere o tell who was guilty of the crime! He was not arrested,
nor was the crane broken. nor any damage of consequence cution hopes to lead you to believe that violence began prior
done. And for this reason, this perjured felon says he was to 1906.
Now let us turn our attention to Mr. Noel's "tendernot permitted to continue the work of destruction. Again
I .beseech you to inspect this umbrella. See the ribs and the hearted," angelic felon, Davis of Massachusetts.
Once he, too, was an iron worker. He was no angel then.
stays and the handle and the staff unbroken and in perfect
form and shape. You, gentlemen of the jury, know that this You should have heard the attorney for the Steel Trust de-
Correction
I
�Pa~c seven!~
.
' s Address to the ·Jury
rr1man
scribing his villainous heart to the jury who pronounced him a
felon ; a heart rich in abundance with all the criminal impulses known to the law. Wings? Not then! Barrels of iron,
wi~ triggers and nitro-glycerine, told the story of his virtues
and his means of defense. His wings had not sprouted then.
Only after he became a witness .for the state was it that his
wings loomed up and his angelic disposition appeared. When
he was in real life, before he became an angel, and before
his wings had sprouted, he was the possessor of a brace of
substantial Colt's revolvers, and, though he wore them behind,
he was unable to fly with them. Yet by his skillful use of
them he was able to make others fly.
A strange and remarkable angel this! He was charged with
an assault witfi a deadly weapon. An angel with murder in
of Error
resources given to a more extensive and thorough development of the
present holdings, amounting to about nine thousand acres.
The WESTERN COMRADE, in making the announcement, had
to get those pages into print in order to get the magazine out on
time. When the article was written, there appeared to be nat the
slightest doubt but that the deal would be finished before the magazines reached the readers. In fact, the deal seemed to be definitely settled.
However, though the particular purchase under consideration was
not put through, it shows what the general plan of the Colony is
and indicates what may be expected as an announcement in the future.
Notwithstanding the fact that there are thousands of acres adjacent to the Colony that will undoubtedly be acquired, the intention
of the Llano del Ri~ony is to extend the holdings everywhere,
securing tracts in vanous places so that the greatest possible variety
of products may be grown on lands owned and controlled by the
Colony. Wheat lands, cotton lands, tracts suitable for growing many
kinds of fruits, as well as timber lands and grazing lands, will come
within the control of the Colony when the formulated policy is in
full operation.
his heart, produced here "To tell the truth, the whole truth,
and nothing but the truth, so help me God!"
What a travesty! And upon his word a man shall hang.
He was as vicious then as he is now, and he is as vicious now
as he was then. He was a felon then and he Is a felon now.
He was a liar and perjurer then, when he said he was not
guilty. He is a liar and perjurer now when he says that sotailed conspirators committed violence before the year 1906.
Why, McManigal himself describes the first ~xplosion and says
that Hockin, the ringleader, did not know where to get the
dynamite when they first met.
Dugan! Who is Dugan? He Is the man who swore that
J. J. McNamara offered to send him nitro-glycerine early in
1906. He is a self-confessed felon. Is there a single maw on
this juiy who would believe that the prison doors would remain
open to this felon if he did not tell a story agreeable to the
prosecution? If his story were true, would it be necessary
to open the doors to this non-union man in order to get the
truth? -He was expelled from the Iron Workers' Union. If
the truth were against his enemies would he not tell it without ·
a bribe? He is out of prison without bonds. The doors of the
priSQn ·are open to receive him if his story displeases the
prosecution in this case. Do you remember the umbrella story
of Clark? Is there a man on this jury who can believe that
the District Attorney did not know that Clark was perjuring himself when he told that umbrella story? Will the
same District Attorney not demand as rigidly and receive as
gladly the perjury from this felon's lips? Do you think that ·
the prison doors would be opened to a double murderer in
order to convict a so-called conspira-tor, if only to convict him
of murder? Ah! There is more than human life at stake here.
There are millions of dollars of profits at stake. And what is
the life of a human being when money is at stake?
Destroy the labor unions and possible profits become real.
Fail, and they disappear. Has not the Steel Trust sufficient'
power to open the doors for the desired perjured testimony?
Would a man guilty of murder not perjure himself if such perjury would save his own life, even though it helped to murder
another man? And is it any less a crime in the eyes of the
prosecution to murder with a lie than to murder with a gun?
Who is this man Dugan? He is the man who shot and
killed his wife and wounded his daughter in Indianapolis, Indiana, the home of the gentleman assisting In this.prosecution.
WOOLWINE.-That is not in the evidence.
HARRIMAN.-Get the International Iron Workers' magazine and I'll read .the story of the murder.
McKENZIE.-That is in the volume published some two
years after the Times explosion, and was only introduced for
identification.
HARRIMAN.-1 beg your pardon. I thought the story of
his murder was published in an earlier volume. This fact is
not in evidence and hence this cloud shall be lifted from the
gloom that shrouds the putrid character of this perjured felon.
Without further comment I must therefore leave .him with you,
together with the other felons who testified that violence
began before 1906.
The purpose of this perjured testimony is to throw the responsibility of violence upon organized labor while the opportunity was open for a fair fight in an open field. After the
resolution was passed in 1906 the field was no longer open.
A fair fight was no longer possible. Not only did the Steel
Trust hold all the erection and construction companies in line,
presenting a solid front, by refusing to sell steel to whomsoever
faltered, and by forcing the association to pay the losses of
each member, but in addition the Steel Trust, with all its influence, was able to direct the power of government against
these union men. The energetic enforcement of this resolution
cast a gloom over the entire organization and robbed the International officers of all hope of future success. They, more than
all others, were conscious of the tremendous power arrayed
against them. Their organization was dissolving. The men
could not understand why defeat after defeat awaited .them
on every hand.
J"W!Is Schmidt Guihy? .. began in !he May .number and will run for
several months. Back numbers, ten cents a copy. J
�Fiction
Dearer Than Honor
UE WINTER looked-up from her text of sociology to
the couch where Anne Marshall was comfortably
curled as she read. "I wonder how it feels," Sue
asked, enviously, "to come back to the dorm and
visit, and not to have to bother with lessons, to get all _the fun
of college without having classes interrupti-ng your school
work, to have time to read novels--"
"Why," replied Anne, "you long for some lectures to go to,
and you get so lonesome for 'em you visit all of-Father Flanders' classes and tag Sunny to his; and I'm NOT reading a
novel. I'm studying the same thing you are- the same subject, that is. The difference lies in the fact that your book
was written by some hidebound theorizer, in the orthodox
style, while mine is interesting and deals with realities."
"Is it the text you used last year?"
"Heavens, no-child! It is Deming's 'Message to the Middle Class.' I wouldn't advise you to mention it to your prof.
He might get a few ideas, and that would prove fatal. And
this is 'War- What For?' I'm trying to review some points to
use in my arguments with Don , to see if I can keep him from
going off to 'somewhere in France.'"
"Why, Anne, you wouldn't prevent him from using this
opportunity to serve his country, would you-and humanityin this war for- -"
"Bosh!" returned Anne, with the frankness one bestows on
a best friend. "You make me sick. Of course, I would. I'll
read you a letter from a highbrow friend I acquired this year.
He can explain it to you better than 1." She fished in a pockc\
and product;d a typewritten page. "Listen:
" 'This war situation looks serious, doesn't it? In yesterday's paper I saw that they are planning more concentratedly
on this measure for a 'selective draft.' It has been urged that
the first installment be taken from those from twenty to twentyfive years of age, and of course that includes me. But I shall
not go, if I can help it; it is against my principles. It is not
that I am a coward, for I think that it takes more courage
to face public opinion at home than bullets abroad; it is
simply that all my instincts are against war-especially UNNECESSARY war, as this is.
"'In any national crisis, it is supposed to be every patriot's
Juty to offer his life for the cause, whatever it may be. But
I think it is his greater duty to investigate the cause, and, if it
is unworthy, to refuse it allegiance. A war like this is a war
against social order; it places nationality paramount to morality. It denies the teachings of the Prince of Peace. It makes
beasts and butchers of people who call -themselves men. I, for
one, think we have a greater need for volunteers in the Army
of Social Service. I could no more go to the trenches and
walt destruction at the hands of men with whom I have no
quarrel than I could go fight out here in the streets and kill
the first passerby I happened to see. What is _the difference?
In either case I would be killing innocent strangers, my own
brotf1ers. I may be a mental coward and a moral pervert, but
that is my sincere idea on the subject.
" 'I am convinced that there are others, untouched by capitalistic viewpoints, who feel as T do. Since it has been provided that married men probably will not be called out at
first, the report is significant that six hundred men stood in
line before the marriage license bureau In one of our large
cities. I do not consider these men nec~y cowards; prob-
~
The
s,
e ste r n Com r ade
Ethel winger
ably their minds, like mine, revolt against war, and they are
using evezy legitimate means to avoid it personally.'
"And that's exactly how I feel about it! Now, don't you
start an argument-wait until I get back. It's two o'clock, and
I promised Father Flanders to be at his lecture room with
these books of his exactly at two. · Where IS my hat?"
Sue watched while Anne crushed on a small sport hat,
secured by a band under her chin, ana noticed how effectively
the white felt contrasted with the gleaming black hair, the
sparkling dark eyes and the rich brunette skin. She was a
vibrant little figure, there before tbe mirror, hastily dabbing
powder on her saucy nose, and smiling at her own piquant face
in the glass. Turning to her friend, she announced: "I want
your tennis racket.''
"In the corner, dear," returned S~e. "Help yourself. But
who are you tennising with today--Si, or Toby, or Nobby,
or--"
·
"Why, Sunny Flanders-of course!"
"I might have known that. I don't mind you playing tennis
with him, heaven knows. But I do hate to see you playing on
that inf~nt's ~ffections; he's too big a dear to be turned into
a cynic for life. Have a heart! Isn't it enough to flirt with
the otber fellows?"
"My friend, I'm not playing on anything of his except his
tennis courts, and at that we usually use the college courts.
I might flirt with him if he were like the other fellows- if he
had tissue paper for skin, spaghetti for bones, and sour jelly
between. But Sunny has too much sense-and I arp merely
his dear, motherly sister."
"But are you sure that's all? Since you've come back I've
noticed--"
"I've not a second to listen," Anne broke in, as a dull red
crept over her face. "If I don't beat it right now Father Flanders will be permitting himself the extravagance of tearing his
hair. Thanks for the racket. Bye, beloved; see you later.''
And, playfully tapping her friend farewell with the tennis
racket, she was gone.
Sue could not keep her mind on her book. What was Anne
up to now? Did her blush disprove her words'? Was her
haste an evasion? Sue was sure that something was going on
beneath that flippancy-but what? She pondered again over
"the triumvirate," as Anne had dubbed herself, Professor
Flanders and .his only son- called "Sonny" by his father and
"Sunny" by the adoring students, who loved his wholesome
gaiety and refused to take him seriously. Western University
had smiled indulgently the last two years when Anne would
accompany the professor on his daily walk; it had grinned in
open amusement when Anne and Sunny strolled off to the
tennis courts, while certain upper classmen would watch with
jealous disgust that "upstart" playing with the most popular
girl in school. But Western University was frankly puzzled
when Anne, Sunny and his father would go off evezy holiday,
laden with inviting baskets, for a hike along the river. Anne
was reckless, Sue thought. If Professor Flanders, a widower
as he was, had not been the oldest, gentlest, most loved man
on the faculty-of the scholarly, classical type you would expect in a Latin professor-and if Sunny had not been so irr~
pressibly boyish, friends with all the girls, but ..queening"
with none; and if Anne had not, notwithstanding her lack of
conventionality, warmed her way into evezybody's heart and
stayed there because of her human touch, her comprehending
�The Western Comrade
Fiction
sympathy and her unending vivacity, she might have created
a lot of gossip. But the three were so childlike in their enjoy~
ment of each other, so frank in their affection, that nobody
had the heart to disapprove. They merely pulled Anne away
for as many engagements as possible outside the little circle,
and wondered whether Anne were more interested in father
or son and if father or son were more intrested in her. No~
body knew--except Sue. SHE knew that Anne ·always called
the professor "father" and that during the entire course she
had given him a daughter's affection and received a fatherly
love in return. With him she discussed all her ambitions, her
tendencies, her affairs, as well as philosophical questions of
the day, in which Anne was unusually well versed for a girl
of her age. Not until Sunny entered college, in Anne's third
year, had she grown acquainted with him and gradually developed a sisterly affection for him. Anne had understood; as
did Sue, that Sunny had a keen mind. He had taken all thP.
available honors and scholarships as he went along, in spite
of his relative youth, but, like the rest of the students, she
never took him seriously, and laughed and played with him,
Page nineteen
ing the campus the following week when her school was out,
Sue determined to learn the· true state of affairs. But, when
Anne had arrived, they had so many places to go, and so many
people to see, that they seemed never to have time for their
old, Intimate talks. And if conversation became gradually
serious Anne would interrupt suddenly with some appoint~
ment, as she had this morning, saying, perhaps, "To be continued In our next." Well, Anne's visit would last a week
longer, and some time-The clock, striking half-past two, interrupted Sue's meditations; She sprang up, looked with chagrin at her unfinished
assignment, snatched a sweater and, dashing off, was soon in
the classroom, buried in the professor's serious explanation of
the present war as a war for humanity, quite unconscious of
the fact that, a floor above, Anne was having a talk with
"Father Flanders" in the Latin room, and that they, too, were
discussing the war and the drafting situation.
'f.
'f.
'f.
"Come, father," Anne was saying at the window, "just look
at that group of boys down there. It's Si and Toby and Nobby
The reception room of
the new dormitory, un·
finished, was used by the
Western Comrade for a
besides
display booth;
the Comrade exhibit, a
model of the Austin house
plan was demonstrated to
residents and visitors.
and quarreled with him, in a big-sister attitude. Hers was
the superior wisdom of twenty-three, looking down on the
boyish precocity of nineteen. And she was inclined to
"mother" him.
But Sue wondered. Did Anne realize what Sue had grown
to suspect-that something lay deeper in Sunny's mind than
that childish comradeship? She had watched him after Anne's
graduation. A more serious look, somehow, was in his eyes.
And Sue, as Anne's best friend, had noticed, because she saw
more of him than anybody else. And she realized that it
was largely because she was Anne's friend that Sunny sought
her out very often. Always he would speak of her chum, and
ask what news she had; and when Anne's long, entertaining
letters came they would laugh and talk over them. Sunny
was always happier on those days, and Sue named them
"Sunny days." Did Anne realize what she was doing to
liim? Had her unusual knowledge of human nature, as applied to everybody else, failed her with Sunny because she
never took him seriously? If Sunny had only been like the
other fellows it would not have been so bad! When Sunny
had triumphantly produced a letter from Anne, telling of visit-
Perkins.. I love every one of 'em. They're all such manly
fellows- you don't find many of THEIR kind, even in this old
university. They're just getting in from surveying. Look at
them-tall, strong young fellows-'fine material for the army,'
as the speaker said in assembly this morning. Just think of it,
father! The very type of men our countrY will need for constructive, not destructive, work. Yet, any time, they may be
called out to the war and they'll go--and never come back,
perhaps. They think it's their duty[ You read those paragraphs of my letter- that's the way I feel. Father, .you are
the person who taught me Socialism, even if the college authorities don't know it. You gave me this book, 'War- What
For?' and you understand it better than I. So you understand
what I feel when I say I'CI rather see Si and Toby and Nobbyyes, even Sunny! -and I like him best of all-I say I'd rather
see them shot for treason for refusal to serve, if worst should
come to worst, than to see them go back on their sense of
right, their principle, and join the army! Wouldnt YOU?
Wouldn't YOU rather see them die In the face of public opinion, martyrs to the cause of truth, than see them go off amid
the cheers of the populace- to war- to die-however gal-
�Fiction
Page twenty
lantly- martyrs to the cause of the munition - makers?
Wouldn't YOU?"
Anne's voice was tense. Her' hands were clenched. 'Every
muscle of her body was taut. Her blazing eyes, seeking those
of the professor's, softened as she saw his had dimmed during
her appeal, and she noted his anguish as he turned away and
sank into a chair. But, still tense, she waited fer a reply.
"Theoretically, yes, daughter." His voice quavered to a
whisper. "Practically--"
The negation was clearly expressed, although he uttered no
word. His head fell to his hands on the desk before him, and
suddenly there swept through Anne the poignant sensation of
his own angui's h-with her own sorrow for him added to it.
She knew that he was crying over and over in his heart, "My
son! My sonny boy!" And because convention meant nothing to Anne, and because she was impulsively human, she
went to the arm of his chair and put her arm around the old
man's shoulder.
"Don't, father.
I didn't realize how I was hurting
you. I didn't realize
I don't yet
. but I
understand . . . something of what Sunny means to you.
I've never known a mother--{)r any father but you, or any
brother but Sunny. And I never quite knew what it meant.
I see better now that I was wrong-and selfish. I shouldn't
have said that."
For a long time they sat in silence, neither trusting to speak.
Then Anne went over again to the window. She caught a
glimpse of Sunny, tennis racket in hand, going to the library
- to meet her. All at once there was a tug at her heart.
Glancing quickly away, she found the professor at her side,
looki'ng at her. She could not bear the pain in his eyes, for
she felt the tears growing in hers as she .turned away. He
spoke:
"You were right, daughte(-you were quite right. Disbelieving in war, and understanding many of the reasons why
we are involved in this one, I should, in all honor, sacrifice, if
needed, even my own son to that truth. You, as nobody else,
understand a little how wrapped up I am in him-how dear
he is to me- how doubly dear because he cost me his mother's
life, and because I promised her always to take care of him.
the care she would have given him. And it is easier for you
and Sonny to have such strong hearts in a matter of this kind.
Your aspirations are untried; your hopes are new. The world
has not yet laid its heavy hand upon you. But 1-1 have
lived most of my life now, and in living I learned deeply the
truth you were reading in that book: that we may hold honor
dearer than life, but that we cannot- MOST of us cannothold it dearer than the lives of those dearest to us. In Sonny
I see his mother living again-lier sweetness, her sympathy,
her joyousness, her simplicity. Yet he does not lack the manly
qualities, the manly strength, in whicli I failed today. HE
would sacrifice his life for that principle, but 1-I cannot!would not! were a choice given me, sacrifice my boy! My
boy! Always my boy, to nie. If he is taken, I would die!"
There had never been such a moment in Anne's lifetime.
In the presence of his emotion a sword seemed to pierce her
own heart also. She loved him as she loved nobody else in
the world. He had been a father to her. And it came over
her, the truth of what he said: She might he able to sacrifice
herself--{)r Sonny-for honor, but she could not bear to see
her father bear the sacrifice of his son! For her father was
dearer than honor! Dearer, perhaps, because he was not her
real father, for a real father would have owed her the kindness that he had shown her from choice. That, in her life, was
the thing that had alwa;s touched her girlish gratitude. He
'·
The 'Western Co
r ade
had given her so much of a father's love. without hning had
a father's responsibility. But he was speaking.
..It has been so, my whole life. I have been a mwardnot for myself, but for others. It is as this book tells you.
I was wheat; I hated tares. Yet I ·have not been willing to
have all the tares pulled. because some of my wheat might
come with it.
"I had the usual expensive, orthodox classical training of
the men ·of my day, of my .class. Not till I was almost forty
did I finally embrace Socialism. My travels and researches
had prevented saving. But I still felt young and brave. Then
I married. I had my chair in the college, and my work here
was all I was .fitted for. Sunny's mother was delicate. It
would be only a few years, I thought, until I would- be able to
get a start. I would stay here quietly and not advertise my
new belief until I was in a better position to do so-until she
would get better. But she never did. For her sake, I had to
provide a few of the best things of life. I could not risk losing
my position by flaunting my opinions for a while. Then when
she died and left me Sunny, it was the same thing over. He
was a sickly child, and I was so afraid of losing him. I kept
him under a doctor's constant care. It was expensive. It was
important to keep my place.
"Gradually I gave up all my plans. I was getting old. It
seemed a hopeless game. I have kept my new light of truth
under a bushel. For after all I was only a Latin professor,
even though I was as high up as most in the profession. My
temperament. my training, were unfitted for propaganda work.
I have found little time for writi'ng, and I dared not publish
the manuscripts I had. So I have contented myself with in·
direct influence, lending my books mostly to young tradesmen
in the town, and I am giving night lessons in English to the
mechanics. They get my books, and perhaps after all my influence has been as great as if I had not been what I am, in
a way, a hypoctite."
"You have! I know it!" cried Anne. "You have put me
and others on the right track. And so you HAVE been actively
working in the field. But there is Sunny again. What would
you do if HE were called out?"
"I would have him go-if he will-and hope for the hopeless chance that he may be spared. And then- -" His voice
broke.
Something in Anne seemed to snap, and she burst out in
a sudden blaze of passion: "Father! Isn't it terrible that
we who know why-and how- the proposed war may be, that
we who are not the dupes of public opinion, the press, the
preachers, the capitalists, are forced by circumstances to submit! Or, perhaps, if the militaristic spirit increases, to risk
our lives by refusal! There are thousands who think they are
fighting for democracy, for their homes, when they go to war.
Knowing their sincerity, I can only admire their courage.
But how CAN they think they are fighting autocracy, as opposed to democracy, by slaughtering the workers of the nations? How can they think they are fighting to defend their
homes by overthrowing the same kind of homes of the same
kind of people, with whom thev have no quarrel and whom
they have never seen? How blindly they will fiv;ht at the
command of their autocrats! Why can't they see the root of
things? We can't help them-they won't be helped. We
can't tell them-they won't listen. And we can't help the
ones who DO know the causes but who are the victims just
the same- like Si and Nobby and Toby and Sunny! Surely
something will be done - a brighter• .sunnier dav will
dawn-'' She saw her growing ipcoherency and llush.eil,
but plunged on. "fhaven't any ri'ght to be selfish, I know.
�The Western Comrade
"'-
Fictioa
Page twenty-oae
How can I hope that Sunny and MY friends will be spared- gested, still significantly: "Who is twenty minutes late aland hope that other girls' brothers and friends will be killed ready} A gentleman of honor keeps his appointments reinstead? But Sunny, in his fineness, his wholesomeness, likl; ligiously-religiously, get that}"
a ray of sunlight on a gloomy day, a breath of fresh air in
They were hurrying along the campus now. "I left father's
a vitiated atmosphere-to see all THAT wasted--don't, room promptly at three," defended Anne. "That old library
father! If he goes, I will be more than your own daughter- clock--"
you will always have me, you know." A tear dropped on the
"Is exactly with the chime. It seems to me it takes you a
sill before her, falling on the open letter she had read to him. long time to walk half a block.". He grinned at her-siglt struck the last paragraph. Dumbly she looked at it, uncon- nificantly again. "If you're that slow on the count, I won't
scious, and suddenly its meaning flashed to her. ' 1Since it has have any trouble in beating you in love-games today," he
been rumored that married men probably will not be called added, .and wished he had not, for somehow that sounded
out at first- - " Anne's heart skipped a beat and then went significant, too. So he began to bounce the balls alternately
pounding away. What an idea! COULD she? A musical against tlie ground.
"Better conserve your energy, then," Anne warned, "if
chime, contrasting with her· turbulent mood, sang slowly
through the hour.
you're going to beat me. A year of wielding the birch should
"Three o'clock already!" she exclaimed. . ".I promised to have improved my, strong right arm." But she hardly knew
play with Sunny at three. And listen, father! I've first what she said, and walked along in silence. Somehow all her
thought of a way cut-maybe. I'll tell you later." She tried old "pep," physical and mental, deserted her. She must
to laugh, but it was a hysterical little laugh, and impulsively think hard how to break the news to him. Well, she would
she kissed the professor right on the bald top of his bowed wait until the game. She threw herself into serving with all
head. Laughing again, now merrily, she had seized her racket her might. But she could not play! And so her most ignoand was tapping down the steps before the astonished man minious defeat in all their history went on record. Sunny
could recover his senses.
won two sets of love-games!
As Anne hurried through the building she forced her face
He approached her at the net with grave solemnity. "This
into its usual expression, pausing at the door to make sure is too cruel. I won't play any more with you; it's too much
that her smile was on straight. Then, with an effort, she fell like the regulation but reprehensible habit of taking candy
into her long, athletic stride. She made a vivid picture in from kids."
her white middy suit. with its blue collar and red tie, for the
"Why!" exclaimed Anne, with airy indignation. "I merely
last hour had put a heightened color in her face and a deeper gave these two to you, so you wouldn't feel so badly next
flash to her eyes. The freshmen all turned to stare, for she set--"
was a stranger to them. To avoid the students thronging the
Sunny's immoderate laughter interrupted her. "Har! Har!
class, she "cut campus," something no underclassmen would She says she gave 'em to me! All right-! took 'em. Now
dare to do; but in spite of her hurry she was delayed all I'll take your racket, too, and we'll take a hike, but first you'll
along the way by juniors in their corduroys asking how long take my sweater, or you might take cold, and--"
she would be there, and by the seniors, distinguished by their
"You seem to be good at taking everything but suggessomber sombreros, who wanted to know if they could go to tions," cut in Anne, icily-a favorite pose, and one which
the movies or some dance that night, or to-morrow night, or Sunny hugely enjoyed.
the next.
"Sure. I'll take suggestions, too. Got any for me?"
Sunny, watching impatiently from a library window, saw
"The biggest one you ever saw." A wave of crimson
all this. and tried in vain to kill a certain green monster inside spread over her face.
"I've got a suggestion, too- this: S'pose you tell yours?
him, which, like the beast of Hercules, seemed to grow larger
with every blow given it. As Anne neared the building he What is it?"
suddenly became absorbed in his "History of Art" and, with
No answer.
splendid concentrated enthusiasm, began taking notes from
"What is it?"
his book. He wrote: "Fra Angelico (1387-1455). Painted
No answer.
"All right," he conceded. 'Til have nothing but silence,
madonnas of the gentle, insipid type, like that Toby out there.
Same inane grin that would make you wonder if anybody were a nd but very little of that."
home, if you didn't know already there wasn't." He seemed
Anne laughed-"! was just thinking."
to derive comfort from the process, and he continued. "Fra.
Sunny clasped his hands and rolled his eyes piously to the
Filippo Lippi ( 1402-1469). Too bad that Guy Perkins wasn't ..,,. skies. "Thank heaven for that," he intoned, fervently.
named that-would just have suited him. It's a doubleBut somehow the usual careless badinage fell flat, Thev
decked shame that Titia n (1477-1576) died before he saw both sensed it and quit talking. How long they walked, with
that tie Si Lentz is wearing; he might have got a few new only occasional remarks, they scarcely realized until Anne
ideas in coloring- - "
called attention to the sunset.
He turned a page, for he sensed, rather than saw, Anne
"We'll watch it from here." Sunny pulled her to a log.
coming towa rd him, pausing to whisper some greeting to "This seat was made for us. Rest your back against the tree."
students at various tables. With painstaking care he was
Anne obeyed as a child might have done. He looked at her
writing out: "Ghirlandajo (1449-14--)" when an un- closely. "You're tired," he said, gently.
c'eremonious poke from Anne's racket closed his book and gave
Something in his tone made a thrill quiver through her
him the cue to look up, registering complete surprise.
body. "You're cold, too-poor girl! Let me pull your collar
"Wha•t do you think this is?" demanded Anne with mock up." His fingers tenderly buttoned the throat of the sweater,
severity. "Greek art? Then kindly stir your pediment and when he had finished he let his arm remain around her
shoulder.
groups, or all the courts will be full."
Sunny looked significantly from the dock to the face above
She made no motion of restraint, but sat with half-closed
(Continued on Page 26)
his chair and, rising, prepared to go. As they started he sug-
�Page twenty-two
Forcing System
.
Acri~altare
•
In
points the way. The world is in the throes of
I' LANO
a death struggle. Germany is fighting for industrial
supremacy. The United States, due to her commer_ _ / cia! relations, has been drawn into the terrible vortex.
The food supply is dwindling. The. people are facing a situation which means undernourished and underfed men, women
and children.
In this world crisis every eye is turned toward the farmers,
and appeals are being sent out in order that they may see the
seriousness of the situation. Every available means to increase
the food supply of the nation is being sought. Under the instruction of trained agriculturists, lots and even lawns are being planted to garden stuffs, and still the cost of living continues to climb.
In spite of President Wilson's earnest appeal to the farmers
and the speculators in farm products not to speculate on the
nation's foodstuffs, every farmer is planting the crop that will
bring him the most returns.
Lots are being held at exorbitant rentals by real estate
sharks, gamblers in the nation's welfare. The South is still
planting cotton, because cotton will bring better returns than
other crops. The President's appeals go unheeded in the mad
rush for profit.
In spite of the urgent requests of the Department of Agriculture, a very large proportion of the land is standing idle.
Some of the best agricultural lands of the sunny Southland are
left as harborers of weeds. Land that should be growing from
two to three crops of ve.getables yearly are only producing
one. Sometimes total failure rewards the poor serf or renter.
Fine potato soil is being planted to barley, for more ready
cash can be had from hay at the present price. Large walnut
groves are left totally harren. Wide strips of land that could
be producing fofldstuffs are left to leach away, in utter dis·
regard for the fertility of the soil.
Farm owners, in a great many cases, live in the city and
rent. The renter must get as much as possible from the soil,
for rentals must be met. They naturally, sometimes through
ignorance, often wilfully, crop the soil until almost depleted,
and then move to another tract. In a great many cases no
attempt is made to replace the wasted elements of the soil. In
Virginia there are large tracts of land ruined by continued
tobacco growing. Similar conditions are prevalent in almost
any large agricultural region in the United States.
According to the Agricultural Year Book, 1914, no Southern
state is giving sufficient attention to the producton of foodstuffs, either for human beings or .live stock. The state of
Texas imports annually more than fifty million dollars' worth
of wheat, corn and oats.
Individualism irt agriculture has outgrown its usefulness. Its
utter disregard for soil fertility and its waste in the application
of labor has in the present crisis shown us that a more efficient
method of handling our soils must be evolved, or our country
will perish in the struggle for existence. Inefficiency and gross
neglect present themselves on every hand. The crisis is near.
We must produce more foodstuffs. The great agricultural
• revolution is upon us. Our farms must be intensified. Machine
methods must ·he evolved, for, with war devastating the world,
the flower and manhood _o f our land will be called to the colors.
Labor will be scarce.
Large farm tractors will become an actual necessity. Alrea-dy manufacturers have had an increased demand for trac-
The Western Comrade
Fa-rming
By Wesley Zornes
tors.. due to the prohibitive price of horse feed. The small
farmer will cease to be a factor. He will soon find himself in
competition with m~chi·ne methods, and as the hand mechanic
has . been replaced by machine labor, so will the small farmer
be forced to the wall by superior methods of production.
].- Ogden Armour, head of :the meat trust, is advocating
socialized production in order to increase the food supply.
Secretary Lane threatened possible confiscation by the govermilent of all unused lands in reclamation tracts of the West.
Agriculturists of tlie country favor a great industrial army
which would be controlled by tiie government. Edward Bel~
laniy's great industrial army, it seems, is about to materialize.
· As the war progresses, the great powers will be forced,
through economic stress, to adopt the most up-to-date and
scientific methods known to agriculture. Upon the agricultural
output depends the final outcome of the terrible struggle which
marks the beginning of the decay of individualism.
What is to be done? The nation stands helpless against the
fangs of the speculator and the land shark. Individual inefficiency spells national failure. We have preacher-farmers;
doctors, lawyers and even school teachers have tried hard at
winning a sustenance from Nature.
·
Trained agriculturalists represent a helpless minority of the
great composite whole. Individually they are lost in the maelstrom of prejudice and superstition that has befogged the
brains of so-called farmers for years. Collectively, their training can be used and transmuted for the good of all.
Through their direction waste places will bloom. Soils will
be adapted to the crops. Soils will be rebuilded. Great tracts
of wheat lands ·throughout the Middle West can, with methods
already evolved, double the yield. What ignorance has torn
down, science will rebuild. The ignorant doubting Thomas
who has an orchard full of weeds will be relegated to the
junk heap.
With experts at the head of every department, efficiency is
an assumed fact. Instead of mechanical and profession:J.l
farmers, Llano's Agricultural Department will be a department
of trained farmers. Llano's farm is a farm of specialization.
Rapidly specialists are heading every department. This idea
?f specialization is growing, and not only will there be specialIzed farmers, but specialized workmen.
Out of chaos we have one guiding 5tar. Llano stands as a
monument, around which will grow the great agricultural
future- Llano, our hope, our vision; the Ruiding hand of
progress, that points the way from industrial chaos into the
Great Co-oP,erative Commonwealth of the future.
When is a Cow Profitable?
• (J . W. Ridgway, Texas A. and M. College.)
One cannot too often emphasize the importance of every
dairyman keeping a record of the individual performance of
every cow in his herd. This subject has been worn threadbare
at every dairy meeting held during the last ten years. Nevertheless, dairymen must realize that it is the only means by
which they can realize their source of profits, and unless they
do tlils they are in the dark regarding their business, and no
individual or concern can prosper under such conditions. The
fact is outstanding that a cow producing under 200 pounds of
butterfat in a year is an unprofitable cow. In this connection, attention should be called to the value of the manure, a
by-product which is often overlooked.
·.
·
�Arr·i ca.Jt,., ..
News and Views
How to· Plant Vegetables
(United States Department of Agriculture.)
- -- ANY home gardeners wish to know whether it is safe
to plant any vegetables in the open ground while
there is still some likelihood of light frosts. To aid
these horne gardeners, the specialists have worked
out the rollowing grouping of the common vegetables according to their ability, if planted in the open, to withstand spring
frosts. These directions do not apply, of course, to the planting of seeds in hotbeds or seed boxes to secure plants which
afterwards are to be transplanted.
Group I.-Plants not injured by a light frost. These may
be planted as soon as the soil can be put in good condition:
Cabbage, Irish potatoes, early peas (smooth types as distinguished from wrinkled), onion sets, and salad crops, such as
kale, spinach and mustard. At the same time start in seed
boxes in the house or in hotbeds tomatoes, eggplant, peppers
and cauliflower.
Group 2 .-Vegetables which should be planted only after
danger of hard frost is over: Lettuce, radishes, parsnips, carrots, beets, wrinkled peas and early sweet corn.
Group 3.- These should be planted after all danger of hard
frost is past : String beans and sweet co rn (late varieties).
A few early tomato plants may also be set out, but care should
be taken to protect them from any sudden chilly weather, by
providing a shelter of newspapers, boxes, etc.
Group 4.- This group should not be planted until all danger
of frost is past and the ground has thoroughly warmed up.
Included in this would be : Cucumbers, melons, squashes,
pumpkins, Lima beans, tomatoes, eggplant and peppers. Plants
of tomatoes, eggplant and peppers which have been grown in
boxes or hotbeds should be ready to set in the open at this
time.
In order to insure a steady supply of vegetables, crops like
beans, peas and lettuce may be planted every three or four
weeks, whenever the space is available. Some of these can be
planted in the spaces made available by removing the other
crops.
If your garden is small, do not a ttempt to grow potatoes or
late sweet corn. It is better to select half a dozen crops which
the family likes than to grow fifteen or twenty. If the size of
your plot is less tha n 40x I 00 feet, or 4,000 square feet, it
usually is not advisable to grow late potatoes or late varieties
or sweet corn.
Succulent vegetables of all sorts contribute bulk to the diet,
and so are valuable from the standpoint of hygiene, because
within limits bulkiness is a favorable condition for normal
digestion and also of importance in overcoming a tendency to
constipation. They are also among the important sources of
necessa ry mineral matters in the ordinary diet.
M
;y.
:{.
;y.
Rural Credits
(Dr. Ellwood Mead. University of California.)
The passage of the farm loan bank act creates a new era in
fin ancing the farmer. The act grew out of the increasing
needs of the farmer for money. Farms have to be better
equipped, more money is needed to carry them on. It costs
more to grow fruit and other fiigh-priced crops than it used to
cost to grow wheat. In every way the farm requires more
mone~ in its operation than it did twenty-five years ago. But
..
ID
Agriculture
we have just come to realize that fad. We have pa.s.sed a law
that looks. after the intetest and business a nd c.omm.tm:ial enterprise which enables. farmeES to get money at a reasonable
price and on the right terms.. But until the passage of the
farm .loan act there was no means provided that would help
the farmer to get money at a reasoinable rate of inte.res.t or
on long enough time to enable him to pay it back out of the
earnings of his farm. This act will give the farmer forty
years of time, with the privilege of paying up at any time
within five years. It will enable him to pay it off in uniform
yearly payments, instead of having to pay it off in a single
large payment or in a few large payments. If. as seems probable, money can be furnished at 5 per cent, then the addition
of the payment of I per cent on the principal, or 6 per cent
in all, will pay off a debt in thirty-six years. In other words,
under this act the farmer can pay off his debt, principal and
interest, with a lower annual payment than he now makes for
interest alone. It is expected that these banks will be ready
to do business this spring.
1(.
1(.
1(.
Dried Pears Profitable
(F. G. Stokes, Horticultural Commissioner. Kelseyville, Cal.)
The demand for dried pears is certainly on the increase,
the markets ever widening and the price with an upward tendency. The question as to whether or not to dry pears is generally settled by the price paid for the particular product,
there being much variation in the sugar content and texture
of the Bartlett, whether irrigated or non-irrigated, and by the
ratio of evaporation from ripe fruit to dried. Where pears in
one county dry out from four and five pounds green to one
pound dried, in many other localities the ratio is as high as
six and seven to one. The higher the ratio, naturally, the
higher the cost of manufacturing the dried ton for market.
Where it costs, without liguri'ng on wear and tear of plant and
interest on investment, from $35 to $40 labor, etc., to turn
off each dried ton, in some other places it costs $50 or more,
assuming the same scale of wages to be paid; and then, on
the side, it might take one or two tons mor{ of the fruit per
dried ton. For this reason alone, ma ny counties find it more
profitable to sell their pears green to the canner or in nearby
ctties or to ship in refrigerator cars to the Eastern markets.
1(.
1(.
1(.
Choosing Breed of Swine
(United Stales Farmers' Bulletin.)
There is no best breed of swine. Some breeds are superior
to others in certain respects, and one breed may be better
adapted than another to certain local conditions. The essential point is tha t after the farmer has once decided upon the
kind of hog to raise, he should stick to his decision and develop
the chosen breed !o its highest possible standard. It is not
feasible for one individual to raise several different breeds and
bring them to perfection. In ma king hi's choice, too, the farmer
should be guided by the kind of breeds already established in
his locality. If he selects one of these, he is not likely to make
a mistake.
. There are two distinct types of swinenamely, the lard and bacon types. The principal breeds of the
lard type are the Poland-China, Berkshire, Chester White,
Duroc-Jersey and Hampshire. The principal breeds of the
hacon type are the Tamworth and large Yorkshire, both of
British origin.
�Th~ Western
Co-operation
Page twenty-four
Comrade
Co-operation the World Over
Notes About the Chief Co-operatives Gleaned from !"any Sources
The Extent of Co-operation in The United States.
h is roughly estimated that there are 870 co-operative stores in t~is
country. Only two out of the forty-eight states of the Union have been
reported as not having co-operative stores. Perhaps fifty of. these are
prospering; the remainder are not on a firm basis, and are struggling
for life because of the inexperience a nd disloyalty of members within
the group and vicious competition on the oulside. Notwithstanding these
drawbacks, however, the future for the co-operative movement in the
Uni ted States was never brighter.
The greatest success in the co-operative store movement has been attained by the United Mine Workers in Illinois. The membership of these
stores consist of several different nationalities, yet complete harmony
reigns constantly. Twelve of these stores in one quarter did a business
of $200,000.00, and declared an average dividend on purchases of over
eight per cent. These Illinois stores are federated into what is known
as the Central States Co-operative Society, have a central auditing system,
plan to establish central buying, and intend to unite with the store societies of neighboring stales.
Co-operation among the farming ciass is growing by leaps and bounds.
The Farmers Educational and Co-operative Union is active in twenty-three
stales and has three and a half million members. The purpose of this
organization is to encourage all forms of co-operation. The organized
farmers in Oklahoma have a hundred successful co-operative stores. One
of the most important agrarian movements is the Non-Partisan League in
the Northwestern States, the purpose of which is to organize a general
revolt of the farming element against exploitation by affiliating with the
labor unions and by establishing agricultural co-operatives. This move·
men! is, perhaps, the most powerful in America. Co-operative marketing
organizations are springing up by the hundreds. In California, this movement is best typified by the California A.. ociated Raisin Company, the
California Fruit Growers Exchange and the California Almond Growers'
Exchange.
.
Industrial or mechanical co-operation has not been so successful.
Usually this is due to the failure of the organizations to work in connection
with the organized consumer. Among the successful ones, however, can
be mentioned three glass companies, one boot and shoe concern, two
laundries, three barrel manufacturing companies, five bakeries and three
cigar factories. The Independent Harvester Company has several thousand farmer members. Five successful silk co-operatives exist in Paterson, New Jersey. Three highly successful printing and publishing cooperatives are operated by the Finns in Chicago.
,. ,. ,.
An Illustration of Practical Co-operation.
From Arcadia, Florida. comes an instance of the value of co-operation
and the broad spirit of mutual helpfulness which it inculcates. The orange
growers of that community are associated into an organization known as
the Associated Orange Growers. During February, a hard frost damaged
the orange crop, and many of the members would have secured nothing
for the year's work h ad it not been for the co-operative spirit shown by
the more fortunate ones. The e><te,;t of the damage was determined by
the Association, and sixty per cent of the value of the total crop was
voted to each member, regardless of the damage suffered by each individual. Men who had not suffered were p~id but sixty per cent of the
worth of their crop. Those who had no crop to sell were paid sixty
per cent of the value of the crop they might have had had no frost
i11jured it. The fortunate shared with the unfortunate, and each member
fa red comfortably as a result of the year's work.
.. ,.
,.
Effect of War on the Co-operative Movement
In considering developments likely tu affect the general welfare of the
movement after the war, it is well that we should remember the things
that have gone before. For nothing else proves how very ably the cooperative movement has kept its head, so to speak. Its cautiousness
may be said to be the chief factor of its stability. The .outbreak of war
brought with it all the possibilities of an economic crisis; commercial breakdown seemed imminent. The co-opeMiive movement, however. remained
wonderfully true to its traditions, did much to avert a ·food panic, and
kept retail prices at normal levels in many places while its pre-war
stocks luted. Durins the war -it has further demonstrated the value of
working-class control of the means of life as ~ check to profiteering.
During 1915 ~ome 210,714 new members joined the movement. taking
its total membership to close upon the four-million figure. Its sales increased by fourteen and a half millions, while its total sales reached the
gigantic sum of one hundred and two millions. The financial position
of the ·movement is practically unaffec:ted by the war. It fact, it may
claim to have been strengthened by the general prosperity of the movement and the growing utilization by the Trades Unions of co-operative
banking facilities. No section of the Flalion has stood more firm, in
fact, all through the changes of the war than the co-operative movement. Statistics prove it will emerge from the war considerably stronger
in membership, finances, and one dares to add, moral purpose.-George
Stanton in Co-operators' Year Book, England.
,. ,.
.
Shortage of Tin for Canned Goods.
All . tin is likely to be commandeered by the English Government. All
co-operative societies using tins for packing and othe; purposes are
preparing for a future shorlage.-The Producer, England.
,. ,. ,.
Canadian Co-operative Apple Production.
Canadian apples today are known the world over, and, while the
industry is still in its inf11ncy in some parts of the Dominion, it is well
established in others, as, for instance, in Nova Scotia, where for some
years past the organization of «,>-operative fruit companies has made
notable progress. There are now over thirty-two of these, and most of
them are in the combination known as The United Fruit Companies,
which probably handles something like half the season's apple crop of
the province.- Walter Haydn in The Producer, England.
,. ,.
.
Co-operation the Keystone of Civilization
Modern ci,·ilizalion is based upon confidence and co-operation. Con-fidence is the foundation upon which all modern business rests; co-operation, the keystone that unites the separate units and gi,·es strength to
the whole structure. The progress and advancement of a certain article
together with its trade prestige or superiorities, are usually found in exactly
that degree that its producers may have co-operated to that encl.- California Almond Growers Exchange.
. ,.
,.
Value of Growers' Organizations
The value of growers' organizations is no longer a matter for theoretical discussion. It is a demonstrated, practical business facl, now in actual successful business operation. It is also not true that co-operative
business is extravagant and inefficient. This is a purely theoretical assertion which "practical" men have parroted so <>ften that they have hypnotized themselves into believing it. The chief wastages, extravagances
and crookednesses are, and always have been, in private business.
The best- run agricUltural marketing institutions in existence are the semigovernmental Landwirtschaftsrath organizations in Germany, and the completely governmental currant cartel in Greece and coffee pool in Brazil.
Illiterate Ru$5ian peasants. in their political mirs, look after their farming
business beller than their educated neighbors under private ownership.
If the evidence of facts means anything, it means that the traditional
business theory about private efficiency and co-operative inefficiency is
a pure hallucination.- F res no Morning Republican.
• • •
Government Issues Bulletin on Co-operation
The impo•lance of the modern co-operative movement is shown by the
fact that the United Stales Department of A~riculture has recently issued
a bulletin from the Office of Markets and Rural Organization which deals
exhaustively with the subject of co-operative store> in the United Stale<.
The history of the movement is delved into, the plan of organization in
general treated comprehensively. and the methods of financing, crediting,
purchasing, selling and accounting discussed in a broad manner. The publication is wrillen by -J. A. Bexell, Dean of the School of Commerce, Oregon Agricultural College; Hector McPherson, Director, Bureau- of Markets. Oregon Agricultural College; and W. H. Kerr, Investigator in Market
Business Practice, Office of Markets and Rural Organizations, United Staleo
Department of Agriculture. The bulletin may be secured by writing to .
the Depa.rtmeni for Department · Bulletin No. 394.
�Book ReYiews
The Western Comrade
Page twenty-five
Reviews of Recerit Readable
Books
,
'
'The Truth About the Medical Profession."
"The Truth About the Medical Profession" gives the views of an hon•
est physician, J . A. Bevan, M. D. Humor and sarcasm, ridicule and satire,
abound in the philosophical book. The introduction by the son of Dr.
Bevan, Mr. Gordon Bevan, and his notes constitute a large part of the
text. The bugaboos of the medical world are shown in broad daylight, and
the reader of this I rea tise will no longer fear the quackery of the medical
leeches upon society.
The autho r bases his philosophy on economic study and disease
found to be in large measure the result of low wages, ignorance of the
people, and the need of the physicians to operate for practice on the
poor that they may filch large fees for similar operations on the rich.
Operations, vaccination, the doping with drugs. and the whole range of
medical hocus-pocus that helps to kill off the human race and . keep the
people from getting their share of the world's goods, find an enem)Cwho
intelligently dis.ects their hollow claims.
It is shown clearly that it is absolutely impossible for the medical profession to be honest and live. Dr. Bevan quotes examples of the criminal
ignorance where the medicine killed patients--contending that medicine
hampers nature in its cures and any patient will recover far better without
than with the concoctions guessed a t by physicians.
·
But it is by no means only as an exposure of the quackery of medicine
the book is worth while. Dr. Bevan and his equally gifted son have
caught a broad vision of democracy. They have brought to bear on their
philosophical studies a wide range of general information and clear intellects. Hardly a phase of human activity is left out of the rapid-fire survey
of human society. The medical craft is only one of the many-sided citadel
of special privilege attacked by the Bevans. Their little book ought to be
widely circulated. It is time humanity cast aside the hoary myths of the
Dark Ages. We laugh at the "medicine man" of the naked savage and
submit calmly to more silly and far deadlier practices on the part of our
own bungling physicians. "The Truth About the Medical Profession"
ought to circulate as freely as the Sanger propaganda and the Walsh report. It is a sane, non-hysterical, economic. philosophical, human document with an enlightening message. {Price $1. · Published by the author,
914 Myrtle street, Oakland, Cal.}
. . ,.
"In the Claws of the German Eagle."
The first sane book on the Great War from the pen of a newspaper
correspondent has fallen into my hands. Albert Rhys Williams tells his
experiences of the early days of the conRict in 1914 in his sketches, "In
the Claws of the · German Eagle." Mr. Williams spent seven years as a
social worker in the slums of Boston and New York; so mere battle sights
were tame to him. He dedicates his book "to those who see beyond the
red mists of war." In our present state of national hysteria it will be
well to read this unbiased book by a cool-headed American.
He tells of the unavailing search of weeks in all Belgium for a bona fide
atrocity specimen. There were terrihle evidences of the full horror of war.
but the atrocity victims were always "back in such and such a village, etc."
"Let no oRe attempt to gloss the cruelties perpetrated in Belgium," he
continues. ·~y individual wish is to see them pictured as crimson as
possible, that men may the fiercer revolt against the shame and horror
of this red butchery called war. But this is a rocord of just one observer's
reactibns and experiences in the war zone. After weeks in this contested
ground, the word 'atrocity' now calls to · my mind hardly anything I saw
in Bdgium, but always the savageries I have witnessed at home in America.
"For example, the organized frightfulness that I once witnessed in Boston. Around the strikers piclceting a factory were the police in full force
and a gang of thugs. Suddenly, at the signal of a shrill whistle, sticks
were drawn from under coats and, right and left, men were felled to the
cobblestones. •
If in normal times these men can lay aside every
sembl~nce of decency and tum into raging fiends, how much greater cause
is there for s•1ch a transformation to be wrought under stress of war when,
by government decree, the sixth commandment is suspended and killing
has become glorified. A~ any rate .mY experiences in America make credible the tales told in Belgium."
Much of the author's aplomb came from ·his experiences with Gremberg,
a Belgian private. "If I had been born a Boche, I know that I would act
just like any Boche. I would do just as I was ordered to." "But the · men
who do the ordering, the officers and military caste, the whole Prussian
outfit?" "Well, I have it in for that crowd, but you see I'm a Socialist•.
and I know they can't help it. They get their orders from the capital-
s,
o.
sobapa
ists." . . • "Well, I suppose that you are pretty __;ell cured of your
Socialism, because it failed, like everything else." "Yes, it did, but at any
rate the people are surprised at Socialists killing one another-not at the
Christians. And anyhow if there had been twice as many priests and
churche.._and lawyers ·and high oflidals that .would not have delayed the
war. It would have come sooner; but if there had been twice as many
Socialists there would have been no war."
A picture of Gremberg forms the frontispiece of the volume-~>ne of the
many graphit pictures from war photographs. The writer is fair and
unprejudiced. He gives scores of intimate pictures of life in both ·the armies
of the Allie• and of the Germans in those early days of the war. (New
York. E. P. Dutton & Co.) .
• • •
"The Principles of Natural Taxation."
C. B.. Fillerbrown, author of "A. B. C. of Taxation" and "Taxation,"
brings his subject to date in "The Principles of Natural Taxation," "show:
ing the origin and progress of plans for the payment of all public expense
fr?m economic. rent." The book contains portraits of Henry George, Edwm Burgess, S~r John Macdonnell and Thomas G. Shearman. Part 1., "The
Authorities," deals with Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Patrick Edward
Dove, Edwin Burgess, Sir John Macdonnell, Henry ·George, Rev. Edward
McGlynn and Thomas G. Shearman. The second part treats of the following sidelights: "A Burdenless Tax: The Threefold Support Upon
Which the Single Tax Rests"; "Land: The Rent Concept-the Property
Concept': ; "Taxation and Housing: The Taxation of Privilege"; "Thirty
Years of Henry George, with a Record of Achievements"; Henry George
and the "Economists"; "The Professors and the Single Tax"; "A Catechism of Natural Taxa tion." The appendix reviews brieRy the theories
of :he Physiocrats, Thomas Spence, William Ogilvie, Thomas Paine and
Herbert Spencer.
"The object of this compilation," writes Mr. Fillerbrown, "is to trace
the metamorphosis of the land question into the rent question; of the
equal right to land into the joint right to the rent of the land; of the
common use of the earth into the collective enjoyment of ground rent; of
the natio~alization of land into the socialization of its rent; of private
property 10 land, including the private appropriation of its rent, into the
public appropriation of that rent without disturbance of the private ownership of land."
There is a great deal of matter that will be new to most general readers. In view of the national indorsement of the Great Adventure cam. paign in California to restore the land to the people immediately, the
volume should have a special national significance. (Chicago. A. C.
McClurg & Co.}
• • •
"Social Forces m American History."
A comrade in Kentucky a few years ago took A. M. Simons' "Social
Forces in American History" and James Oneal's ''Workers in American
History" as his texts. It was nearly a year before the parents learned
what he was doing to their children. He is now out of the teaching profession. You can't have the truths of American history taught in the
American schools. You were taught a lot of lies cooked up to make you
patient slaves.
-The People's College of Fort Scott, Kansas, is conducting a low-priced
course in American history, conducted by Mr. Simons, consisting of thirty
lessons. You can learn all about it in a booklet giving the outline of
the course by sending a card to the college. The studies are based principally on "Social Forces in American History."
Recently I have looked over the revised edition of this volume. It
is one of those books that ought te be in every home, for surely it is worth
while for the working class to know the truth about American history.
Do you know what three inventions destroyed feudalism? That most
of the "Revolutionary fathers," including Samuel Adams and George
Washington, were smugglers and land speculators? That the organized
labor movement of a century ago demanded universal suffrage and founded
our public school system? Why the first labor unions after the Civil War
were secret organizations? These .and scores equally valuable are told
by Simons in his history. It is based on the best researches of the leading college authorities, nad not one fact is in dispute. Yet not one school
in America except the People's College dares proclaim it as its textbook.
It is written in calm and scientific language, in scholarly style. (New York.
The Macmillan Company.)
�Page twenty-•ix
The Western Comrade
Dearer Than Honor
(Continued from page twenty-one)
eyes, watching the dying colors of the sky. She had thought
it was going to be easy-but NOW!
Impulsively she reached out and took his hand. That
would make it easier. Suddenly she stiffened up, and slowly,
haltingly at first, she began the dreaded "suggestion." Then
fluently, eagerly, earnestly, she threw herself into her words.
for that was Anne's way. Unfolding her plan, she held his
startled, fascinated gaze, explaining, as she went, her reasons
for it. Then abruptly she stopped and dropped his hand.
She had poured out her impulsive plans and now she felt
cold. A dull feeling of pain surged over her, and with the
fleeting of her impulse came the frantic wish that she had
not spoken. What could he think? If he would only say
something! She looked at him; the misery in her eyes was
matched in his.
"Anne!" His words seemed a cry, although he spoke
quietly. "Ever since you've known me you've been hurting
me. The time you spilled hot sulphuric acid in the lab, and
it burned through my tennis shoes to my instep; the day you
accidentally scratched my arm with your absurdly long fingernails; and when you scarred my face with your ridiculous
fencing. And all the time you've treated me like a baby, and
flirted with all the other fellows. But all that was nothing
to this- when you imply that you want to make a sacrifice of
yourself and ma rry me just to keep me from having to go to
war. Maybe I'm just a kid. But I'm old for my years, in
spite of what you all think. I'm more of a man than you
think. I'd rather die a thousand times than do that! just to
keep me and father from being hurt!"
"You don't care, then?" breat_hed Anne, abashed at his
vehemence.
"About dying? No! When you feel that way. About
YOU, Anne? I've always cared! I think you knew that
even if I never told you. You wouldn't have taken me any
more seriously than the others. I am just that young upstart."
His bitterness stung her. She, too, was suffering. She
put her hand on his shoulder. "But Sunny-there's your
father; and I can't see any other way out if the 'selective
draft' takes the proposed form. If you go to war and get
killed, it will kill him. I told you everything he said. You
are dearer to him than his life- his honor. You don't like
the idea. But it might save hi·s life. Your father, Sunnyisn't HE as dear to you- as LIRE?"
"You know he is!" he exclaimed, hotly, "and in honor I
should be willing to do this thing-since you wish it. But
you are forgetting the rest of what· you said. My father is
dearer than honor, and even for honor's sake I could not
sacrifice ·you! ..
Anne had not foreseen this. It was something terrible-yet
wo!'?erful! For a moment she forgot her plea, and asked.
smthngly tremulous: "But the old Spanish idea, Sunny? 'I
had not loved thee half so well loved I not honor more!' "
"That is a theory! I don't believe it! If it is true I am
a coward." He stood up and looked down at her. "Anne!
what are you doing?' He stooped te pull her hands away
from her face. "Anne! Don't-please!"
She arose and, unashamed, let the tears fall down her cheeks.
. "Don't, Anne!" he begged. "You say you wish it, but it is
JUSt one of your sympathetic impulses- perhaps a sense of
duty toward father and me. It isn't right. You don't love
me-l've known that too well! And I cannot let you do it-·
even for father's sake. Such a sacrifice from anybody would
be horrible. From YOU, Anne, it would be intolerable!"
"Sunny, dear." Her voice shook, but she met his eyes
squarely and she put both hands on his shoulders. "Maybe
you did know part of the truth before, but it's wrong, now.
I knew you pretty well-better than I knew myself; and, even
if I didn't admit it to myself, I did know that you cared for
me. . . . But I didn't know, till now, that I really cared
for you, too--that way."
_.
The Socialist City
(Continued from page fourteen)
It must be remembered that women are as individual in
their tastes and abilities as men, only their expression has been
rigidly repressed into one channel by their economic slavery
through the ages. The fact that the girl very commonly "takes
after" the father, would be enough in itself to vitiate the
theory of the intrinsic conventionality of women. Relieved
of the thankless and unending drudgery of an inconceivably
stupid and inefficient system, by which her labors are confiscated and her burdens aggravated in every possible way, she
springs forward with astonishing ' elasticity and power. To
accuse her of lack of originality and organizing capacity is most
unjust. These manifestations have been imputed to her as
crimes. She has been most strictly drilled from babyhood to
isolation in the home and to conformity, while her brother was
stimulated to aggressive individuality by contact with the larger
world. In the Socialist City the home will no longer be a
Procustian bed to which each feminine personality must be
made to conform by whatever maiming or fatal spiritual or
intellectual oppression, but a peaceful and beautiful environment in which she will have leisure to pursue her duties as
wife and mother, which are now usually neglected in the overwhelming oress of cooking and cleaning.
She will also have time in the intervals of her rightful
occupations, or when they a re unfortunately denied her. for
the activities which are personal expressions, her individual
contribution to the welfare of the community.
Making Wood Pulp for Paper
(Continued from page fifteen)
brings us t~ the drying process, which consists of a series of
hollow iron drums, thirty-eight in number--one row of nineteen above the other, but not directly so, the edge of the upper
being over the center of the lower. These drum5 are somewhat longer than the sheet of pulp to be dried and are heated
on the inside with the exhaust steam from the engines.
As these drums revolve slowly the damp sheet of pulp passes
over them, first over the top one and then down under the
lower one, and so on through the series of drums in a continuous ribbon-like sheet of snowy whiteness. After the sheet
leaves the drums it is reeled on a shaft about sixteen inches
in diameter. As it is being reeled, two circular, knife-edged
disks cut the sheets into three sections as it is wound into a roll.
After the roll has acquired the proper size, the three sections are taken from the shaft on which they have been wound,
and each section is wrapped with the same material, cut in
proper dimensions for the purpose, and bound and tied with
heavy cord.
In this form the pulp is then shipped to regular paper mills,
where it is converted into paper for high-class magazines and
otlier high-class paper.
�The Western Comrade
Page twenty-seven
First American Confer~nce for Democracy
and Terms of Peace
EALIZATION of the futility of the convention of the
Socialist party held in St. Louis, April 7, an~ which
adopted a majority report that has already mv~l~ed
prominent Socialists in trouble with th~ aut~ontJes,
has undoubtedly animated some of those promment tn that
convention who are instrumental in calling the First American
Conference for Democracy and Terms of Peace, May 30.
Some of the cooler heads at the St. Louis convention
warned the convention of the danger in which they placed
themselves and their comrades in adopting and recommending
for circulation the majority report adopted at that time. The
"Milwaukee Leader" under date of May 19 in a news item
reports
"United States authorities, without warrant or
observing any process of law, raided the state headquarters
of the Socialist party of Indiana and seized all literature
bearing on war. . . The raid is thought to be due to a
speech made in the Senate of the United States by Hustings,
Wisconsin, when he bitterly attacked the majority report on
war and militarism of the National Socialist Convention."
The WESTERN COMRADE. in editorials, pointed out the
danger contained in the majority report. Already the danger
has been made apparent. California representatives were unable to carry through their clearly outlined program of constructive measures, pertinent to the needs of the day and
built on the vital issues of the war.
The New York conference is assumed to be called by those
who realize that the Socialists of America have failed at the
moment of the supreme test. There is no other radical organization envisioned to the degree of being able to see
through the immediate issues of the day on toward the end
of the war with its reconstruction period. American Socialists
are denied, by the American government, the right to participate in the convention called to be held in Stockholm; passports will not be given th~m and severe penalties are threatened for any American Socialists who defy the government and
take part. American Socialists have not justified the United
States government in believing they are wholly loyal and the
attitude will be unfavorable to them so long as this condition
prevails.
There is left, then, no organized movement in the United
States that is gifted with foresight to plan ahead. Therefore,
leading Socialists, radicals of other activities, and those prom. inent in great social movements have united · in calling the
conference. Invitations have been sent broadcast, as follows:
You are cordially invited to participate in .the first American
Conference for Democracy and Terms of Peace, which is to be
held in New York City on May 30th and 31st.
The purpose of this conference will be to clarify public opinion
of the issues arising out of America"s participation in the war ; to
devise means for safeguarding American liberty and democracy; and
to formulate the demands of forward-lookir.g Americans as to the
terms of the coming peace.
It is also hoped that from this gathering will result such cooperation, co-ordination, and solidarity of the democratic forces of
this country as will make their voice most effective in the councils
of the nation.
The enclosed tentative platform will serve as the basis for the
discussions of the conference. It is presupposed that organizations
and individuals participating are in substantial agreement with the
•
principles set forth therein.
We earnesly request that you appoint delegates to represent your
organization at the conference. Kindly facilitate the administration
of the und~rtaking by · a prompt reply.
Very sincerely your,
EMILY G. BALCH.
Former President, Boston Woman's Trade Union League
JOSEPH D. CANNON,
Organizer Inter'! Mine, Mill vnd Smelter Workers Union
MORRIS HILLQUIT. .
Member National Committee of the Socialist Party.
RABBI JUDAH L. MAGNES,
The reason for the conference is given in the "Call to
Action," which states:
A CALL TO ACTION
It is now less than six weeks since the United States entered
the world war. In that short space of time the grip of militarist
hysteria has fastened itself upon the country; conscription is being
placed upon our statute books; the pernicious "gag" bill is about
to be forced through Congress; standards to safeguard labor,
carefully built up through years, have been swept aside; the right
of free speech has been assailed; halls have been closed against
public discussion, meetings broken up, speakers arrested-and now
the danger of a permanent universal military training law confronts
us.
While all this military organization is going on in America,
rumors of peace come to us from Germany, Austria, Italy and
Russia. Shall it be said that we, the latest to enter the war, are
less concerned about the early establishment of a peace based on
justice for all?
We call on all American citizens to unite with us in the first
American Conference on Democracy and Terms of Peace, at the
Holland House, on May 30 and 31, to discuss how best we can
aid our government in bringing to ourselves and the world a speedy,
righteous and enduring peace.
May 7. 1917.
A tentative program is announced, organizing and executive
committees have been appointed, and the support of broadminded, energetic, influential men and women throughout the
United States have been secured. The invitation is signed by:
James H. Maurer, Harrisburg, Pa. ; Victor L. Berger, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin; A. J. Boulton, Brooklyn, N.Y.; James J. Bagley, Brooklyn; Rose Schneidermann, New York; John C. Kennedy, Chicago;
Edward J. Cassidy, New York; Joseph Schlossberg, New York;
E Baroff, New York; Henri Bereche, New York;. Roy Brazzle;
Mary Kenney O'Sullivan, Medford, Mass. ; Arthur LeSueur, Kansa,
City, Missouri ; Algernon Lee, New York; James O'Neil, Boston,
Mass.; Harry Laidler, New York; Julius Gerber, New York; Julian
Pierce, Washington, D. C.; Job Harriman, Llano, California; Winter
Russell, New York; Harry Weinberger, New York; Rt. Rev. Paul
Jones, Salt Lake City; Jenkin Lloyd Jones, Chicago; Rev. Richard
W. Hogue, Baltimore, Md.; Rev. Sidney Strong, Seattle, Wash.;
Rev. H. L. Canfield, Woodstock, Vermont; L. Hollingsworth Wood,
New York; David Starr Jordan, Stanford University, California;
Simon N. Patten, University of Pennsylvania; Scott Nearing, Toledo,
Ohio; William I. Hull, Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania;
Harry L. W. Dana, Columbia University, New York; Lindley Miller
Keasbey, ·university of Texas; Harry A. Overstreet, New York;
Rev. Irwin St. John Tucker, President Hobo College, Chicago; Brent
Dow Allinson, Cambridge, Mass.; Grace DeGraff, Portland, Ore.;
James McKeen Cattell, New York; Randolph Bourne, New York;
May Wright Sewall; Daniel Kiefer, Cincinnati, 0.; Amy Mali Hicks;
New York; Frank Stephens, New York ; Mrs. Glendower Evans,
Boston, Mass. ; Helena S. Dudley, Waltham, Mass.; Lenora Warneson, Kansas City, Mo. ; Mrs. Lola Maverick Lloyd, Winnetka, Ill.;
Mrs. Elsie Borg Goldsmith, New York ; Margaret Lane, New York;
Edward Berwick, San francisco, Cal.; John Reed, Croton-onHudson; Edward T. Hartman, Boston, Mass.; · Mrs. L. C. Beclcwith,
Providence, R. I.; Miss Crystal Eastman, Croton-on-Hudson; Amta
F. Davies, Philadelphia, Pa.; Henry R. LinviOe, New York.
�Page twenty-eight
The Western Comrade
Letters from Our Re'a ders
Colonist for Twenty Years
Editor Llano Colonist: !'viy first attention was called to Socialism in
1eading about the Ruskin Colony ill Tennessee some twenty years ago.
Thus my idea of co-operation and Socialism was linked from the beginning. My first lessons in Socialism taught about the Co-operative Commonwe•lth and National Co-operation. I read the Coming Nation, the
Appeal to Reason and o ther literature describing the workings of the
Ruskin Colony from its beginning to its untimely death in Goorgia. I read
a paper two years, the name of whrch I have forgotten now, established
by a colony whir.h flourished on the shores of Puget Sound many years
ago. I can't recall the name of that colony now. I was an earnest seeker
for their faith and an eager reader of their progress. My wife and daughter wanted to go. The pictuce~ they saw of this colony life, showing the
bl~ssings of co-operation, was a rising star in theit lives.
But alas! this
colony, too, went down! "Faith" in Socialism-died. But I hung my
faith upon political Socialism and fought the good but losing fight.
The Farmers' Union and many growers' associations came upon the
scene with their plans of co-operation, but these all fell far short of giving
the relief the world seeks.
Without going into detail
ing, but little things I had thought of for years that I never heard any one
say, and it pleases me to read it in your paper. For years I have said the
house I was going to build would have a flat roof, and, while my friends
said I was crazy, your paper said it was the way Llano houses were to
be built. The ~ommon sense and the advanced spirit of the experiment
of Llano appeals to me wonderfully. It does my soul good to read in
the paper of the plans that are to be for the benefit of all. The communities in which I have lived have been absolutely hidebound. No one
can or will do anything never done before, because no one else has ever
done it. Your paper tells us in Llano you are free from such bondage.
MRS. G. L. SHURICK. Ohio.
• • •
Thinks Everyone Should Subscribe
received all the literature you sent to me, and, after reading almost
every word with great interest, I was very much pleased with the splendid
progress that is being made by the Llano colonists. It is indeed inspiring
to know that in a short time such progress has been made towards the
great ideal and principles upon which our future civilization must be shaped.
In order to show the extent of my interest in the Llano Colony, I inclose
as to the failures of Socialis t
effort s a t co - opera lion,
I will
say right here that unless the
Socialist
party
proves
it s
faith by its works, as you
and others arc doing,
it
will
die a natural J eath . The
Oklahoma Socialist party. in
ih last stal e conven tio n,
adopted a repo rt inJorsing
all co-opera ti ve e ffo rt s , in-
side or outside the party.
How encouraging
it is to
learn, afcr all the dismal attempts
at
co-operat ion,
of
the brilliant success at Llano I
Again the wife and children
ask to go, and we are
straining every effort to
make our desire a reality.
Tired and sick of the competitive war, we hope soon
to dodge our enemy and Ace
to the "City of Refuge"-Liano.-G. M. Fowler, Okla.
"' "' "
Likes Llano Papers
May Day Parade of the first comers to Llano, with inserts
When you print "Write
what you like best in our
paper" you are asking something rather difficult from us, who are not
accus tomed to expressing ourselves in w riting.
First, I like the spirit of Socialism breathed in every line; the points of
view and the conclusions to which Socialism brings one are much needed.
Most Socialists are converts and require the education your paper gives
how Socialism works out practicaily. I wa• in hopes you would give an
example of Meyer London. our only' Socialist Representative. When the
war started he brought a measure before Congress to put an embargo on
foodstuffs going out of the United States. No one spoke on the subject,
and he was the only one who voted for it. Because he was a Socialist, he
had the vision and the conscienco to stand for the Socialist principles, and
it is only now, after nearly !hree years, when the d amage is done, that
Congress has waked up enough to wrestle with the subject.
Another thing I like about your paper is that it attends strictly to its
own business, which is to e~ploit Llano and Socialism. The usual newspaper is of two kinds, both tiresome beyond endurance, and you have
avoided both these kinds-the city paper, with its encyclopediac knowledge, and its "mays" and "it is saids," which leaves a confused jumble
in the mind ; and the country newspaper, which aims to have absolutely
nothing in it- not even the local news-for fear of making somebody mad.
Your paper is condensed and, while entertaining on account of the life
it expresses, it also gives us !he world news, for which we pay for the
paper.
I don't know that it is the way the paper "is made up," as they say,
but it is the kindred spirit I find expressed in it; hardly worth mention-
showing two groups of the early colonists of 1914-15.
money order for the WESTERN COMRADE and LLANO COLONIST.
Furthermore, I wish to declare my intention to apply for membership in
M. B., Arizona.
the near future. Fraternally yours,
•
•
4
Much Interested
n Llano
Dear Comrade: You wanted us readers of the Western Comrade to vote
upon the articles printed in the Western Comrade from time to time, and
express our preference, giving first, second and third choice, etc. Now,
comrades, I have no particular choice to give in what I have read in the
Western Comrade, for almost every article has met with my approval, and
to make a choice would, to my mind, be showing partiality among the
writers. There is not an article in the Western Comrade but what I have
read, and I am so anxious to get all the news that I ca~ hardly wait from
time to time for the next issue to come. And, so that I might hear from
the Colony more often, I subscribed for the Llano Colonist, and by getting the Colonist once a week it seems to shorten the time between each
issue of the Western Comrade. For my part I want to hear from all, and
upon all things, that will show what the colonists are doing, and what is
in the minds of comrades, pertaining to the developing of all our id~als .
By writing and expressing our thoughts that come into our minds from
time to time, regardless of the correct way of expressing them, only tend
towards broadening our minds upon the things for which we are striving,
and often put a thought into another mind who can with more accuracy
express the thought so as to accomplish the desired result.
ROBERT S. DARNEll.
�The Western Comrade
Page twenty-nine
Aditorial by the Circulation Manager
Can You Combine Practice With the Study
of Theory?
A
SHORT time ago we tried out a
little ·xperiment.
We wrote
letter to each of the
persons in the Grand Membership Circul ation Contest asking for their experiences in getting subscriptions for the
Llano Publications.
And here is the argument that we
found our conte!'t members met most
frequently :
"I already get so many Socialist papers that I cannot take another; haven't time to read those
that I am already taking."
The Llano Publications are the only
ones in the country that tell of the
principles of Socialism being applied.
Now what would you think of a man
who went to church every Sunday and
said his prayers eve ry night and devoutly and sincerely worshipped God,
but who refused to make an effort to
put the principles of Christianity into
general operation?
You would laugh at him, of course.
But stop a minute. What of the
Socialist who reads of the Socialist
theory, absorbs every word of the wisdom of Marx, knows the "Communist
Manifesto" by heart, is on the mailing
lists of many Socialist papers and magazines, yet will not study the practice
of Socialism?
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is the practice of the principles of
Socialism. It makes no difference
whether you believe co-operative colonies can succeed or not, the fact remains that virtually every Socialist
principle is in active, every-day use
in Llano today.
What's the use of learning all the
fine points of Socialism if you don't
make any attempt to put them into
practice? What would be the use of
learning all there is to know about
medicine if you would refuse to· treat
a patient?
When any Socialist tells you that he
has so many Socialist papers that he
has no time to read any more, direct
his attention to the fact that he is
missing the fruit of all his study.
Make it clear to him that he is theoretically right, but ask him if he knows
for certain that Socialism will work.
Ask him how he could prove it to an
unbeliever.
In Llano we are practicing Socialism. No other paper in the country
can tell of the progress this handful of
brave Socialist pioneers are making.
You know how we respect the oldtime Socialists who went out and soapboxed on the streets, who got themselves put into jail because they were
Socialists, who sacrificed friends and
home and fortune and everything for
the sake of the principles they believed
in. They were courageous, stouthearted men and women.
But what of these modern Socialists
who have the courage to put into present-day operation the things they believe in? Are they any less courageous? How open-minded is the Socialist who refuses even to read of what
they are doing? How can he hope to
convince other people that Socialism is
practical and beneficent, when he will
· not himself show faith in the thing he
stands for?
What can you expect of the unconverted when Socialists themselves refuse to investigate, or even to read of,
the progress of the Llano del Rio Cooperative Colony which is demonstrating the things they have preached for
so many years~
These are not idle questions. . They
are tile questions that we expect our
readers to ask Socialists everywhere.
They are the questions that point the
difference between mere ineffectual
talk and purposele~s opposition to existing conditions, and the positive position of really doing the things we
think are right and which we are asking others to accept as being right.
Socialists everywhere are discouraged, disgusted, hopeless.
But there is no reason to be. Our
principles are correct-Llano is proving that. It is the application of them
that the people are looking for. Our
method of teaching must be adapted to
the time. We have virtually graduated
the primer class in Socialism. The
people of the country are willing to
concede that Socialism is probably
right. But they demand proof.
They are now promoted to another
class. We must teach this new class.
The old propaganda they know. They
do not want it over and over again,
any more than a little child wants to
read the same book over and over.
Our opportunity is greater than ever
before. The whole world is teaching
Socialism as never before. It is our
time to profit by it. But we must take
advantage of the conditions of the day
if we are to do this.
Llano is the example. It is the
most perfect and complete example of
co-operation in the world. It convinces. We must direct the attention of
every Socialist to it. We must get
every Socialist to use it as an argument, the most convincing of all ar•
guments. And to do that it is necessary to push the circulation of the
Llano Publications. Will you help?
Will you get just one Socialist of your
acquaintance to reading of the actual
practice of Socialism?
The COLONIST is 50c a year, or
$1.00 for a club of three. The COMRADE is 75c a year, ~r 50c in clubs
of four or more.
Both to one address are $1.00 a
year or 75c in clubs of four or more.
Canadian rates are $1.00 a year for
either the COMRADE or the COLONIST. No club rates apply outside of
the United States.
�The W·estern C·omrade
Page thirty
The Truth About the
Medic a I Profession
By John A. Bevan, M. D., ColllDlbia Uninnity.
(Inventor of the Oesophagoscope)
Grand Ave. Temple Bldg., Kansas City, April 13, 1917.
. . . It impresses me very favorably indeed."
"I fmd a splendid philosophy underlying 'The Truth About the
Medical Profession.' which goes· far deeper than the exposure of
quackery, and its subtle sarcasm and humor are delightful. The
writer's mastery of his subject is apparent, as is his fundamental
democracy and knowledge of the ills which beset humanity."
- Extract from letter from FRANK P. W!"\l.SH, Chairman of
Federal Commission on Industrial Relations.
"'The Truth About the Medical Profession' gives the views of
an honest physician. Humor and sarcasm. ridicule and satire,
abound in the philosophical book. . . The bugaboos of the
medical world are shown in broad daylight, and the reader of
this treatise will no longer fear the quackery of the medical
leeches upon society. . • Hardly a phase of human activity
is left out of the rapid-fire survey of human society. . • The
book ought to be widely circulated. . . It is a sane, non·hys·
terical, economic, philosophical, human document with an enlight·
ening message."-Extracts from review in OAKLAND WORLD.
May 4, 1917.
RYAN WALKER. the well-known cartoonist, writes: "I have
delayed in acknowledging 'The Truth About the Medical Pro·
fession.' because I wanted to read it carefully. I enjoyed your
caustic and keen satire, and I only wish that you could get a
wide circulation for your showing up of the fakes and humbugs
of the medical profession."
--One Dollar a Copy-Order from the LLANO PUBLICATIONS, Llano, Calif.
Law Book Free
sTUDY LAW, and become the man of po,;,er in your com·
munity. The farmers of North Dakota captured the Stale
Government, and found that they needed law-trained men in
office to fight the big iRteresls which have their lawyers in the
Legislature to make their laws, and in the Courts to defend
and interpret them. There are opportunities awaiting YOU.
Get ready for them-study Law at home in your spare time.
We prepare you for the Bar examination. Guarantee bond for
refund of money if dissatisfied. Degree of LL. B. conferred.
Hundreds of successful students enro.lled. Fourteen-volume Law
Library upon enrollment. Low cost-easy terms. Be indepen·
dent. Be a Leader. Write today for free law book-"Law and
the People."
THE PEOPLE'S COLLEGE, Dept. D,
• FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household Goods
from all Eastern points
to California
Wanted
YOUNG MAN, about to take up residence in Los Angeles,
wants FURNISHED ROOM with congenial private family. Ref·
erences g1ven. Please address, stating rent by month,
E. Geist, 427 Investment Buildinr, Los Angeles.
Members of the Llano del Rio Colony will find it especially
advantageous to make their shipments through the
JUDSON Freight Forwarding Co.
443 Marquette bldg,
640 Old South bldg,
Boatmen's Bank bldg,
855 Monadnock bldg,
Chicago ; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York ;
Boston; 435 Oliver bldg, Pittsburg ; 1537
St. Louis; 518 Central bldg, Los Jl.ngcles;
San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OFFICE.
What Are You Good For?
Did you ever try to find out?
Are you employed at work for which you are best fitted?
Do you KNOW or are you GUESSING?
Your children - - what will you advise them to do?
The science of Character Analysis will answer the questions you have
asked yourself. It is not fortune telling. It is not guess work. It tells you
what you are fitted for and gives you the reasons. It tells you why
you have not succeded in what you have attempted and will show you in
which lines you can hope to succeed.
An analysis of yourself will cost you something and it is worth many
times what it costs; but information about it- that is free. just write:
"Send me free information about Character Analysis and Vocational Fit·
ness." Write your name and address very plllinly. Send it to:
P. 0 . Box 153, Llano, California
CLASSIFIED ADS
Rates : 25c a line for one insertion; lSc a line thereafter. Twelve words
to the line. Advertisinr payable in advance.
'THE N E W EARTH." Ocean beds become vast fertile plains.
Earth watered from within; even deserts bloom. Deductions solidly based
upon divine laws. Fifty cents, no stamps. Cross Publishing House,
Nuevitas, Cuba.
f>+
JJA
FOR SALE.-BREEDlNG RABBITS. BELGIANS, NEW ZEALANDS, AND
Remish Giants. We can supply all aaes up to eiaht months. For further
information addr- Rahbit Oeparlmellt, Uano del Rie Coloay, Uue. Cal.
!!JIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllll\ll,lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllffinliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHIIIHIIIHllllllllllllliiiiiiiiiiiiiiHIIIIIII\111:;:!
Can You Reduce Weight?
I
Information regarding my Obesity Treatments is contained in a
=§=
little booklet and consists of fully explained systems of dieting, exer· ~
cises, bathing, manipulative movements, and various other essentials
to effect the desired results.
Persistency in this common sense and
proved treatment will surely bring results in your case as it has in
i
I
others. No drugs are used; it is a natural and beneficial way of
reducing Resh. It gives full details for daily conduct. In sending ~
remittances, state what portion you particularly wish to have reduced and emphasis will be given as to what treatments will prove ~
most beneficial.
~
Full $5.00 T realmenls, $3.00
Mrs. C. M. WiUiams, Llano, Cal.
=
~
lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiUlllllllliiiiiiiiiiiRIIIIIIIIIIIHlllllllllllfflllmiOHHIUinRllfnl
~--------------------------------------------,
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN &. LEVIN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
(
�Page thirty-one
The Western Comrade
/
June 30 Closes the Contest
This is the month to get in your best work.
The results have been gratifying. Thousands are reading of the Colony who had
never before heard of it.
Discouraged Socialists have seen the dawn
of a new hope. Sane methods of educating
the people to Socialism have inspired constructive Socialists with new zeal.
Non-Socialists have been interested in the
theory of Socialism through reading of the
success of applied principles. Concentrated
Socialist effort instead of scattered, sporadic
work is achieving results.
It is impressing the reading, thinking public.
Now for a Whirlwind Finish
The contest began with the beginning of
1917; it closes when the year is half through,
June 30.
W o r k e r s throughout the country are
spreading the story of "Co-operation in
Action."
As soon as possible after June 30 the
premiums will be awarded.
Some one will get a membership.
Someone else will get half a membership.
Others will be well rewarded for their
efforts in the behalf of Socialism.
Now is the time for every contestant to
do his part. No matter whether a prize is
the reward, or whether the only reason is
to spread the news of Socialist achievement,
let's work to make June the biggest month
of all.
Let's have the story of Socialism in Practice going to hundreds of new readers as a
result of June work.
Will you do your part"?
Literature for Free Distribution
Llano Job Printing
The Llano Publications have just had printed in the Llano shop
a number of leaflets for free distribution.
We ask your co-operation in getting them before the people
to direct their attention to Llano and "Co-operation in Action."
Here a re the titles; send for as many of each as you can distribute to advantage, ordering them by number:
No. I. Civil Life or Llano Life?
No. 6. Will Your Children FolNo. 2. Socialism is Succeeding in
low i.n Your Foobteps?
Llano Today.
No.7. Llano del Rio Co-opera·
No.3. Are Limit a Tragedy.
live Colony Succeeds.
No.4. Is This Socialism?
No.8. Watch Co-operation in
No. 5. Socialism in the Making.
Action!
The Llano del Rio Printing and Publishing Department is now
equipped to handle job printing.
Cards, leaflets, booklets, stationery, etc., will be handled in
a satisfactory manner, and at pr:ces which will compare more
than favorably with those found elsewhere.
All work will be given the union label unless otherwioe re·
quested. Every employee is a Socialist and a union man.
The Llano Publications, Llano, California
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS, LLANO, CAL
WANT JAN.- 1914 COMRADE!
Wanted--A Comrade
to take over a thirty-acre ranch and provide for two old people
a few years, and have the farm or pay.
A little capital and good reference required.
Address: S. Whipple, R.F.D. No. I, Box 25, El Centro, Cal.
«] The; files in the office of the WESTERN COMRADE lack the
JANUARY, 1914, number. Anyone having a copy will please
communicate with the Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
�announcing
another
$2000 contest
firSl: prize~a LLANO MEMBERSHIP
second prize-500 shares Llano .stock
third prize-200 shares Llano s~bck
,/
fourth prize-100 shares Uano Stock ·
(
5, 6,.7, 8th prizes-50 shares each, Uano stock
other ·special premiums to all who
send in more than 10 subscriptions
Contest Commences July 1, 191 7
and continues until Dec. 31, 191 7
The Llano Publications have secured stock to be
used in the Second Grand Membership Circulation
Contest.
The success of the Contest started in January and
which closes June 30th was great enough on May I st
to justify holding another, and plans were made at
that time to announce it in the june WESTERN
COMRADE.
The day following the close of the Contest now
running, the new one will begin. All subscriptions
received during the last two weeks of june may
be credited on the new Contest, IF SO REQUESTED.
Send in at once for literature and supplies, for
instructions and suggektions.
Apply at once to be enrolled as a contestant in
the new Contest. Be all ready to start at the earliest
poss~ble moment.
Write at Once for Full Particulars
get an· e·arly ·start-begin at once
The · lano Publications, Llano, California
(
I
1
/
.
,:
I
·.~J.,
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Western Comrade, 1917-06
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1917-06
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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v05n02
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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Llano's Third May Day by Robt. K Williams
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Western Comrade
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Text
·, . .
;
I
..
,
I
Price lOc
,-;;.. J'J,
Three Years of Achievement
B y F r a n k E. W o If e
Editorials on the St. Louis Convention
by Job Harriman, and the P e r so n a I
Account of it by Camewn H. King.
(
:: _N~ext Month: "Celebrating May Day at Llano" ..
'
'·~ e.~~~ €.~\'\
�The Gateway To Freedom·
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE llANO Dfl. RIO CO-OPERATl\iE COLONY is located in
the beautiful Antdope Valley, in the northeaotem part of
los Angeles County, Sou them California. This plain lies
between the San Gabriel spur of the Sierra Madres on the -south
znd the Tehachapi range on the north.· The Colony is on the north
slope of the San Gabriel range. It is almost midway between
Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific, and Victorville, on the Santa
fe railroad.
The Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is made up of persons
who believe in the application of the principles of co-operation
to the widest possible extent. Virtually all of the residents are
Socialists. It is a practical and convincing answer to those who
have scoffed at Socialist principles, who have said that "it won't
work," who have urged many fallacious arguments. In the three
ye•rs since it was established, the Colony has demonstrated thor·
oughly the >oundness of ito plan of operation and its theory. To day it is stronger than ever before in it> history.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May 1st. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemployment and business failure.
It offers a way ~o provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their familie,.
An abundance of clear, sparkling water coming from mountain
springs is sufficient to irrigate thousands of fortile acres. The •
climate is mild and delightful. the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to >ell when the
Colony has grown.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized . as it is, was ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employme~t for the workers; to assure safety and com·
fort lor the future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than BOO residents, makin~ it the largest town in the
Antelope Valley. More than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children get meals at the school; some live at the Indus·
trial school a ll the time. The Montessori school is in operation,
taking the children from 2!/z to 6 years of age. A new school
building is soon to be built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial >chools are both in operation.
The Colony owns a fine herd of I2S Jersey and Holstein cattle,
100 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over 100 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the trac tors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and nwnerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Duroc·Jersey sows gives the Colony twentytwo registered high-class breeding sows and a splendid boar, the
nucleus of n great development along this line. Many new pens
ha e been built. Registration .,.;]I be kept up and the raising of
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
fin~ lkrkshires. and a large number of grade sows.
Much nursery stock has been planted, a vineyard of 40 acres put
out, and man fruit trees set this spring. The Colony has more
than 400 acres of orchards.
Comn>unity gardming is successful and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The idNI is to farm on an extensive seal~ using all manner of
elllcieDt labor saving machinery and methods. with apert and aperialced en in ch&ll!e of the clilfeRDt depmments..
Uano ~ JDOJe than 668 stands of bees. lbey are cued
for h apert bee
of loDg ezperience.. This ~ eap«h to M\~ senn.l thousand stands · a kw ,.,....._
The Calouy h.u secund timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a . well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $3) to $40 a thou·
sand costs the Colony only a few dollars 11 thousand.
Social life is delightful, baseball and football teams, dances, pie·
nics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A hand. sev•
eral o rchestras, a d ramatic club, and other organizations anist in
making the social occasions enjoyable.
,
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Uano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased '" rapidly 111 possible. Si:t
good c uttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime. making them permanent, conser e
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as possible.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It will be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modern, and
harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater privacy
than any other houses ever constructed. They are unique and de·
signed especially for Llano.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are con·
stantly being added, are: Printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug w<>rks, planing mill, paint shop, lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cab·
inel shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards. poultry yards, rabbitry, gar•
dens, hog raising, two stages, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, doc•
tors' offices, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, bar·
ber shop, dairy goats, baths, bwimming pool, studios, two ho tels,
drafting roem, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commercial cla11et, li·
brary, women's ex-change, two weekly dances, brats band, mandolin
club, two orcheotras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
T
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
HE llANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution . The manAge·
men! of the affairs of the Colony industries is in the hands of
the department managers. In each department there are divisions.
Over some o f these divisions are foremen . All these are selected
for their experience and fit ness for the position. At the department
meetings as many penons as can crowd an lhe room are ah~s v1
present. These meetings are held regula rly and they are unique
in that no motions are ever made, no re1olutaon1 adopted an~ no
minutes are kept. Tbe last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and tbis stands until tbe plans are daanrad. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these meetinas the
work is discussed and planned, reports are given, teams allotted.
wo rkers a re shifted to the point where the needs are grr.atett,
and machinery is put on designated work, transportation it ar·
ranged. wants are made known and 6IIed as nearly as pouible.
The board o f directors, members of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a wee~ and has charge of lhe 6nancial
and business management of the enterprise. These directors are
on the same basis as all their comrades in the colo ny. At the
general assembly all persons over eighteen yean of age, retiding
in the colony, have a voice and vole.
M
NO CONSTilUfiON OR BY-LAWS
ANY penons who want to know how the alfairs of the
llano del Rio Community are conductecl think, in order to
get this infonnation. they must secure a copy of a con·
stitution and by-law1. lbere is no co111titution. The Uano Cc.mmunity content• itself with a -declaration of principka- wbJcL io
printed below. The mauagemcut of the Colour rests with dw
boanl of managers. a member of which is the supct}nleodmt
and his two auisfanu. These managers are sdeaal t.Jr tfaar
£rtn.eu a:ad abaity. The busintss and 6r:.mciaJ albi.rs of tbe am-
�~
: : ! : ; : ; ; ; . ,.,
prise are conducted by the board of directon who are elected by
the stockholden. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped cor·
poration by-laws of almost every slate. The only innovation is in
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of bow many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
prot.,.;tive clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well con•trued. There is no disposition on ·the part of state
officials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inftexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a ~et of law• the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Commurnty at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Community alone.
~
The individual is not justly entitled to more land ·than is sufficient to satisfy a reaaonable deoire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be uaed
in the service of others. The development of these by education
i• the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false reward• of greater po•·
sessions. but only to the joy of greater aervice to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleaaures with those of
others can man find real happineas.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to Jhe greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of .the Community to the individual is to administer
justice. to eliminate greed and selfisbneS>, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
T
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM-
HE electric light bill, the water bill, the doctors bill. the drug
bill. the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
bill. tbe school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who thi11k the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the house·
holder, and the lean weeks caused by disemployment 'lind the con·
sequent fear of the future. There is no landlord and no rent '•
charged.
"'hile they are charged with living expenses, for food and clothing, the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
the clothing bill, the laundry bill. the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he has no fear. The colony
officials attend to the details of all overhead. To colonists the
amusements, sports · pastimes, dances. entertainments and all educational facilities are free.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
ote admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus. Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applica·
tions is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
exredient to mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consign..d to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be looked after by the colony freightman
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be pre·
paid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengen are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
':
:'.
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigeraton and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
·
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, · poultry, etc., are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
P
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
ERSONS cannQt be admitted to residence at the colony upon
the payment .of $1 0.00 or any other sum less than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order to continue its
present success. This fact must be obvious to all. The manage·
ment of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army that cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say to their stripped, robbed and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and sisters on the
land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, costs money.
The initial membership fee goes to offset the support of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Fallowing is the plan which has p10ven successful: Each share·
holder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. • Each pays
in cash or installments, $1,000. Eac
ays in labor, $I 000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4.00, from which is deduc •d $1.00 for
the stock he is working out. f' rom the remainder com.s his living
expenses. Whatever margin he may have ab&ve ded~<c ion for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
ef the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every op·
portunity to recover and resume payments. In no case will he b.,
crowded. If he finds it impoS>ible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This is
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. In this we will
endeavor to assist wh~rever practicable. Corporations are not
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
HOW TO JOIN
Write today for an aJ.>pl1ca11on Ll ..ul-.. f,ll it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your member·
ship. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and join your comrades who have already borne the first
brunt of pioneering.
The LLANO COLON15"T is the Colony's weekly newspaper, telling
in detail of what is being achieved, giving an intimate peep into
the daily lives, the smaller incidents of this growing, thriving institution.
The WESTERN COMRADE is the Colony's illustrated monthly
magazine,
giving more
comple te articles concerning the Colony,
showing photos illustrating its growth, etc. The editorials, and
many other special features, are making it one of the leading
Socialist magazines of today.
Address Communica~ions regarding membership, general informa·
lion, etc.. to the
MEMBERSHIP DEPA.JHMENT, LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY,
<fl.ANO. CALIFORNIA
For subscriptions t.S::the Publications, changes of address, etc.,
please w·ite
TH,E L'.ANO PURLIC<\TIONS
LLANO. CALIFORNIA
�May Issue
~~- cQ~£11
Nineteen Seventeen
Page
Page
"R. P.M."_______________________ _____________ :........................... 18
Cover Page
Llano girls going through the intricacies of braiding the
Maypole.
The Gateway to Freedom ..... ------------------------------------ 2
Synopsis of the material contained in the booklet of the
same name.
Editorials ---- --------- -- -------------------------------------------------· 5
By Job Harriman.
An interesting study in ""revolutions per minute"" by L. W.
Millsap, Jr.
Liberty and Play for Baby....................,................. 19
Prudence Stokes Brown gives new ideas in rearing children.
The Thing in Itself (Fiction) ___________ ____ ____________ _______ 20
A study in characte-r by Clara Cushman.
Three Years of Achievement... .................................. 8
Frank E. Wolfe, who has been right in the thick of the
work from the start, tells what three years have done
for Llano.
Was Schmidt Guilty? _____ ____ _____ ____ ___ ___ ____________________ __ II
First of the series containing the address before the Jury
made by Job Harriman in this famous case.
Triumph of Theory over Practice ___ __________________ ____ ___ 13
Cameron H. King of San Fran cisco tells how the convention at St. Louis ignored facts and dealt with theories and
things of the past to the exclusion of practical action.
Radicals or Fetish-Worshippers? ............................ 14
D. Bobspa, radical r~viewer of books, has prepared a
remarkable article for the COMRADE. one that we heartily
commend to every thoughtful radical.
Llano Colony Adds 2750 Acres to Its Holdings ...... 16
How We Live at Llano ..................'----· ------- ---------- --- 16
The first tells of new property just bought. The other is
Frank E. Wolfe's comparison of living conditions at Llano
~nd in other places. .
Carbo-Hydro Phobia ................................................ 21 ·
A serio-comic treatment of food-fear by Dr. John Dequer.
What Thinkers Think.. ............................................ 22
Synopsis of articles in April magazines.
Reviews of Recent Readable Books ___ _______ __ _________ __ _23
D. Bobspa's comments on new and old books.
~
A Pioneer Woman's View _________ __ ___ ___ _______ ____________ __ __ 24
By Mildred G. Buxton.
For 'Women OnlY----------------------- ---------- ---- -------------- --- 25
Industrial Education ... ---· -·---------- ----------------------------- 26
Another of the instructive series of articles by Clinton
Bancroft.
Courage -- ------- --------- --------- ·-------------------------------------- 29
A poem by Mrs . C. P. Stetson of especial interest to all
co-operators.
What Readers \Vrite Us
" I have now decided to come to Llano within two weeks and investigate your co-operative enterprise. Inclosed find $1 for subscription to
the Llano Colonist and Western Comrade."
M. N. Hill, Ida.
,. ,. ,.
"Please find inclosed 75c. I hope to be a member and with you before
the year is out, but must have something to read in the meantime."
A. J . Daugherty, New Mexico.
,. ,. ,.
" In \•iew of the eminently sane attitude toward war set forth in the
COLONIST of April 28, I want a hundred copies for distribution. Level
heads are found now and then . everywhere, but you California Socialists
seem to represent "organized sanity," especially the Llano group. At the
present rate, you will soon formulate the policy of the Socialist Party
of America . Grace B. Marians, Secretary Sooialist Party, Las Animas
County, Colorado.
HERE'S A WORKER
"When I started to gel subs I first •ecured the names of a number of
Socialists in my neighborhood. . . I visited them and left sample copies
of the Colonist and Comrade, at the same time explaining enough about
the Colony to try and inter~; ! them and to get them to read the papers.
Then I would call in a week or two. asking them if they liked the paper.
answering any questions they might e.sk as best I could and talk Llano
until they became interested enough to give me a subscription. . Of the
2S subscriptions I secured since I began, most all became so interested
in reading the papers and the booklet "Llano del Rio Colony a Success,"
which I always took with me. that after talking a little while about the
achievements at Llano very enthusiastically, I had little trouble in securing
subscriptions. Of course I met a few who were not interested, but these
I tried to impress with the fact that the Colony papers should be extremely interesting to every Socialist, as they were different from any other
Socialist papers in that they were telling of the actual working out of the
Socialist principles . I then tried to gel them to subscribe for the first ten
weeks anyway.
Every one whom I could get to read the papers
thought they were fine and wished me all manner of success , even if they
couldn't see their way clear to subscribe. I sent a few subt to friends
who were not Socialists; since then one of them told me her husband
says T m a Socialist.' They think the papers fine." Mrs. Jacques, California.
(Space does not permit giving more of this ~xlremenly interesting letter ; later it will be given in full in either the Comrade or Colonist. Mrs.
Jacques is a systematic worker and is getting excellent results.}
,.
.
,.
BLIND, BUT A WORKER
"I will begin by t~lling you of my handicap. I am totally blind.
must depend on the help of my neighbors to learn what you have written me or what is printed in your papers. By searching the town I
manage to find enough neighbors to read to me the principal part of
the Comrade and the Colonist. I earn my living by peddling garden produce. From this you will see I am not an ideal agent to represent your
literature. The Sub I herewith enclose I rot by giving him a copy of
the Comrade and the Colonist and tellinr hill!' I thought them the most
rational Socialist rea~J!r matter I have found . He; being a Socialist,
thought so too, and the next time I mel him he only asked me if I had
paper to take his name and address. I fished out a sub-card, and here
C. D. Kaufman, North Dakota.
it is.''
(Comrade Kaufman has sent us in a number of subscriptions ; he operates the typewriter himself and sets a splendid example of whilt can be
accomplished by grit and determination.}
�)
Co-operation
Political Action
D irec t
Action
The w ·e stern Comrade.
Pe Y
ot ed
t o t
lo e
Cau
1
e
ol
t It e
Worke r
1
Entered as second-~lass matter November 4th, 1916, at the post. office at Llano, California, under Act of March 3, 1879.
PUBLISHED EACH MONTii AT LLANO, CALIFORNIA. .
Managing Editor.
~7
FRANK E. WOLFE
JOB HARRIMAN
Editor.
Subscription Rate-75c a year; Canada $1. Single Copies JOe ; clubs of 4 or moro (in U. S.) SOc. Combination with LLANO COLONIST $1.
Publishers and others are invited to copy at will from the WESTERN COMRADE, but are asked to give credit. Nothing copyrighted unless so slated.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right n11me is being changed.
VOL. V.
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, MAY, 1917.
Editorials
No. I
By Job Harriman
- - -rE Emergency Socialist Party Convention, recently
ment and provocation, but it is hoped that the party will act
!
more wisely.
T
I held at St. Louis, has sent forth a proclamation
1
which, in our opinion, is exceedingly unwise and ex-'
A political party that cannot raise sufficient funds to finance
---
tremely dangerous. The causes of the war are stated
its convention without borrowing money is hardly in a posi-
the party during the war are stated with equal force, but are
tion to declare war on the go~m_u.:t of the United States.
That is precisely what the maj~ tne convention have pro-
devoid of wisdom and are pregnant with unnecessary danger
posed that the party do.
correc.tly and with great force.
and dire consequences to our
The policy to be pursued by
moveme~.
If the policy outlined by the convention is adopted by the
We opposed this country entering the war with all our
power, but were powerless to prevent it. Now that we are in
party, it will lay the foundation for an attack upon our organ-
the war, this country will follow the same course that all belli-
ization which will create consternation in our ranks through-
gerent nations have traveled.
out the land.
This document will support a charge of conspiracy to violate
pal, state and national ownership and management of indus-
the federal statutes. The prison doors will open and gulp in
and devastation will curse every city and hamlet.
our ·members by the thousands.
who know best how to direct the movement for the national-
tries.
Efficiency will force munici-
War will empty the nation's commissary.
Starvation
And we
No good can come to the movement by such a course.
When we recommend to the workers, and pledge ourselves
ization of industry to the end that suffering may be alleviated
and industries may be so organized that mutuality of interest
to "continuous, active and public opposition to the war through
in industrial an<;l commercial affairs may be substituted for the
demonstrations, mass petitions and all other means within our
present competitive system, are advised to put ourselves in
power," and "TO THE SUPPORT OF ALL MASS MOVE-
such a position that our services will be ·spurned, and that the
MENTS IN OPPOSITION TO CONSCRIPTION" if conscrip-
people, who do not understand us, will turn against us' and rend
tion laws are passed, we act in di'rect violation of t~ United
States statute which provides that "if two or more persons
us. The working class will not even understand our .course.
This is not a labor war. Strikes may come and go, but the
in any state or territory conspire to . . . oppose by force
war will go on to the finish. We are all citizens of this coun-
the authority of the United States, or by force to prevent, hin-
try and the rules of war will be enforced. Wisdom, sagacity
der or delay the execution of any law c.f the United States con-
and good judgment tell us to take advantage of the opportu-
trary to the authority thereof, shall each be lined not more
nity to forward our movement as far as possible by national- ·
than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than six years, or both."
izing our industries while the government and the people are
If the party approves this position by a majority vote, the
being forced by their economic needs in that direction.
members will either have to back up, lie down, or go to jail.
Whichever course they take will land them in a fool's paradise.
The majority of the convention acted under great excite-
It is for these reasons that we urge the party membership
to vote for the minority report submitted by the dissenting fifty
:.vhich gives their declaration of policy on the war.
�'I
Page six
Editorial
MINORITY REPORT BY THE
· ~ DISSENTING FIFTY
Fifty delegates to the EmNgency Convention, w~o could not agree
with the war declaration adopted by the majority of the delegates,
drew up the accompanying declaration and had their signatures affixed to it. This makes it possible to send this "Declaration on War
Policy" to referendum along with the d~laration adopted by the convention. The declaration of the convention will be published in lea8et
form in the meantime and sent out for general distribution. The
decla ration on war policy of the dissenting fifty is as follows: ·
DECLARATION ON WAR POLICY.
C
ONGRESS has declared that a state of war exists between
this nation and Germany. War between the two nations
is a fact.
We opposed the entrance of this republic into the war, but
we fa iled. The political and economic organizations of the
working class were not strong enough to do more than protest.
Having failed to prevent the war by our agitation, we can
only recognize it as a fact and try to force upon the government, through pressure of public opinion, a constructive program.
Our aim now must be to minimize the suffering and miserx_
which the war will bring to our own people, to protect our
rights and liberties against reactionary encroachments, and to
promote an early peace upon a dem~cra tic basis, advantageous
to the international working class. "'Furthermore, we must seize the opportunity presented by
war conditions to advance our cprog~am of democratic collec.tivism. Every one of the other belligerent nations have
discovered through the war that capitalism is inherently inefficient. To secure a maximum of efficiency, whether for military or civil needs, it has been found necessary to abandon
the essential principle of capitalist industry. The warring
nations have had to give up the organization and operation of
'industry and the primary economic functions for profit, and
to adopt the Socialist principle of production for use. Thus
the war has demonstrated the superior efficiency of collective
organization and operation of industry.
·
Guided by this experience, we would so reorganize our economic system as to secure for our permanent domestic needs
the greatest possible results from the proper utilization of our
national resources.
,
In furtherance of these aims, we propose the following
WAR PROGRAM.
I. We propose that the Socialist Party shall establish communication with the Socialists within the enemy nations, to the
end that peace may be secured upon democratic terms at the
earliest possible moment.
2. We demand that there be no interference with freedom
of speech, freedom of the press and freedom of assemblage.
3. We demand that dealings between the government and
the workers in all of the industries and services taken over and
operated by the government shall be conducted through their
organizations, with due regard for the right of organization of
those not yet organized.
4. We demand that conscription, if it come at all, shall begin with wealth. All annual incomes in excess of $5,000
should be taken by the government and used to pay the cur-
T h e We s I e r n C o .n\ r ad e
rent expenses of the war. If it is just to conscript a human
being, it is just to conscript wealth. Money is not .as sacred
as human life.
5. We demand that there shall be no conscription of men
until the American people shall have been given the right to
vote upon it. Under the British Empire the people of Australia were permitted to decide by ballot whether they should
be conscripted. We demand for the American people the same
right.
·
·
6. We demand that the government seize and operate for
the benefit of the whole people the great industri~s concerned
with production, transportation, storage and marketing of the
food and other necessities of the people.
7. We demand that the government seize all suitable vacant
land, and have the same cultivated for the purpose of furnish. ing 'food supplies for the national use.
8. We demand that the government take over and operate
all land and water . transport facilities; all water powers and
irrigation plants; mines, forests and oil fields; and all indust~ial monopolies; and that this be done at once, before the
nation shall suffer calamity from the failure of their capitalist
direction and management under war pressure.
MAJORITY REPORT OF THE
ST. LOUIS CONVENTION
T
HE SOCIALIST Party of the United States in the present grave crisis,
solemnly reaffirms its allegiance to the principle of internationalism
and working class solidarity the world over, and procla1ms liS unalterable opposition to the war just declared by the government of the
United States.
Modern wars as a rule have been caused by the commercial and financial
rivalry and intrigues of the capitalist interests in the different ocuntri.es.
Whether they have been frankly waged as wars of aggression or have
been hypocritically represented as wars of "defense," they have always
been made by the classes and fought by the masses. Wars bring wealth
and powe r to the ruling classes, and suffering, death, and demoralization
to the workers.
They breed a sinister spirit of passion, unreason, race hatred and false
patriotism. They obscure the s truggles of the workers for life, liberty
and social justice. They tend to sever the vital bonds ·of solidarity between them and their brothers in other countries, to destroy their organiZation and to curtail their civic and political rights and liberties.
Pledge All To Labor
The Socialist Party of the United States is unalterably o pposed to the
system of exploita tion and class rule which is upheld and strengthened
by milita ry power and sham na tional patriotism. We, the refore, call Upotl
the wo rkers of all count ries to refuse support to the1r governments m
their wars. The wars of the contending national groups of capitalis ts are
not the concern of the workers. The only struggle which would justify
the workers in taking up arms is the great struggle of the working class
of the world to free itself from economic exploitation and political oppression, and we particularly warn the workers against the snare and
delusion of so-called defensive warfare. As against the false doctrine of
national patriotism we uphold the ideal of international working class
solidarity. In supper! of capitalism, we will not willingly give a single
life or a sin~le dollar; in support of the struggle of the workers for
freedom we pledge o ur all.
Why This Orgy of Death?
The mad orgy of death and destruct;on which is now convulsing unfortunate Euro pe was caused by the con8ict of capitalist interests in the
European countries.
. .
In each of these countries. the workers were oppressed and explmted.
They produced enormous wealth, but the bulk of it was witheld fro.m them
by the owners of the industries. The workers were thus depnved of
the means to repurchase the wealth. which they themselves had c reated.
The capitalist class of each country was forced to look for foreign
markets to dispose of the accumulated "surplus'' wealth. The huge profits
made by the capitalists could no longer be profitably reinvested in their
�)
/
Editorial
The Western Comrade
Page seven
~
own countries, hence, they were driven to look for foreign fields of investment. The geographical boundaries of each modem capitalist country
thus became too narrow for the industrial and commercial operations of
ih capitalist class.
,.
The efforts of the capitalists of all leading nations were therefore centered upon the domination of the world markets. Imperialism became
the dominant note in the politics of Europe. The acquisition of colonial
posaessions and the extension of spheres of commercial and political influence became the object of diplomatic intrigues and the cause of constant clashes between nations.
The acute competition bet~een the capitalist powers of the earth, their
jealousies and distrust• ·of one another and the fear of the ¥ising power
of the working class forced each of them to arm to the teeth. This led
to the mad rivalry of armament. which, years before the outbreak of the
present war. had turned the leading countries of Europe into armed camps
with standing armies of many millions, drilled and equipped for war in
times of ""peace."
Capitalism, imperialism and militarism had thus laid the foundation of
an inevitable general conflict in Europe. The ghastly war in Europe <vas
not caused by an accidental event. nor · by the policy or institutions of
any single nation. It was the logical outcome of the competitive capitalis t system.
The six million men of all countries and races who have been ruthlessly slain in the first thirty months of this war. the millions of others
who have been crippled and maimed. the vast treasures of wealth that
have been destroyed. the untold misery and sufferings of Europe, have
not been sacriftces exacted in a struggle for principles or ideals, but wanton
offerings upon the altar of private profit.
The forces of capitalism which led to the war in Europe are even more
hideously transparent in the war recently provoked by the ruling clas-; of
this country.
When Belgium was invaded. the government enjoined upon the people
of this country the duty of remaining neutral. thus clearly demonstrating
that the ""dictates of humanity."" and the fate of small nations and of
democratic institutions were matters that did not concern it. But when
our enormous war traffic was seriously threatened, our government calls
upon us to rally to the '"defense <>f democracy and civilization.""
Our entrance into the European
"(as instigated by the predatory
capitalists in the united States who boast of the enormous profit of seven
<billion doll~rs from the manufacture and sale of munitions and war supplies
'war
and from the . exportation of American food stuffs and o ther necessaries.
They are also deeply interested in the continuance of war and the success
of the allied arms through their huge loans lo the governments of the allied
powers and through other commercial ties. h is the same interests which
strive for imperialistic domination of the Western Hemisphere.
The war of the United Stales against Germany cannot be justified even
on the plea that it is a war in defense of American rights or American
'"honor."" Ruthless as the unrestric ted submarine war policy of the German government \'t·as and is, it is not an invasion of the rights of the
American people as such, but only an interference With the opportunity
of certain groups of American capitalists lo .coin cold profits. out of the
blood and sufferings of our fellow men in the warring countries of Europe.
It is not a war against the military regime of the Central Powers.
Militarism can never be abolished by militarism.
It is no t a war to advance the cause of democracy in Europe. Democracy can never be imposed upon any country by a foreign power by
force of arms.
It is cant and hypocrisy to say that the war is not directed against the
German people. but against the Imperial Govornmenl of Germany. If we
send an armed force lo the battle ftelds of Europe. its cannon will mow
down the masses of the German people and not the Imperial German
Government.
Our entrance into the European conflict a t this time will serve only
to multiply the horrors of the war, to increase the loll of death and
destruction and to prolong the fiendish slaughter. It will bring death.
suffering and destitution to the people of the United States. and particularly
to the working class. It will g:ve the powers of reaction in this country the pretext for an attempt to throttle our rights and to crush our
democratic institutions, and to fasten upon this country a permanent
militarism.
The working class of the United States has no quarrel with the working class of Germany or of any other country. The people of the United
Stat-. have no quarrel with the people of Germany or of any other
country. The American people did not want and do not want this war.
They h ave n"l been consulted about the war and have no part in declaring war. Th•y have been plunged into this war by the trickery and
treachery of the ruling class of the country through its representatives
· in the National Administration and National Congress, its demagogic
agitators, its subsidized press, and other servile instruments of public
expression.
We brand the declaration of war by our government as a crime against
the people of the United Stales and against the nations of the world.
In all modern history there has been no war rpore unjustifiable than
the war in which we are about to engage:
!ilo greater dishonor has ever been forced upon a people than that wliich
the capitalist class is forcing upon this nation against its will.
Our Course of Action
In harmony with these principles, th• Socialist Party emphatically re-.
jects the proposal that in time of war the woYking class should suspend
their struggle for better conditions. On the contrary, the acuie situation
created by war calls for an even more vigorous pro•ecution of the class
struggle, and we recommend to the workers and pledge ourselves to the
f9llowing course of action:
I. Continuous, • clive, and public opposition to the war, through demonstrations, mass petitions, and all other means within our power.
2. Unyielding opposition to all proposed legislations for military or
industrial conscription. Should such conscription be forced upon the
people, we pledge ourselves to continuous efforts for the repeal of such
laws and to the support of all mass movements in opposition to conscription. We pledge ourselves to fight with all our strength against
any attempt to raise money for the payment of war expenses by taxing
tho necessaries of life or issuing bonds, which. will put the burden upon
future generations. We demand that the capitalist class, which is responsible for the war, pay its cost. Let those who kindle the lire furnish the fuel.
3. Vi~orous resistance to all reactionary measures, such as censorship
of press and mails, restriction of the rights of free speech, assemblage.
and organization, or compulsory arbitration and limitation of the right
of strike.
4. Consistent propaganda against military training and militaristic teaching in the public schools.
5. Extension of the campaign of education among the workers to organize them into strong, class-conscious, and closely unified political and
industrial organizations, to enable them by concerted and harmonious
mass action to shorten this war and to establish lasting peace.
6. Wide-spread educational propaganda lo enlighten the masses as to
the true relation between capitalism and war, and to rouse and organize them for action, not only against present war evils, but for the
prevention of future wars and for the destruction of the causes of war.
7. To protect the masses of the American people from the pressing
danger of starvation which the war in Europe has brought upon them,
and which the entry of the United Stales has already accentuated, we
demand:
(a) The restriction of food exports so long as the present shortage
continues, the fixing of maximum prices, and whatever measures may
be necessary to prevent the food speculators from holding back the
supplies now in their hands;
(b) The socialization and democratic management of the great industries concerned with the
production,
transportation, storage, and the
marketing of food and other necessities of life;
(c) The socialization and democratic mnnagemenl of all land and other
natural resources which is now held out of use for monopolistic or speculative profit.
These measures are presented as means of protectinrt the workers
against the evil results of the present war. The danger of recurrence of
wAr will exist as long as the capitalist system of induftry remains in
existence. The end of wars will come with the establishment of socinlized
inrlustry and industrial democracy the world over. The .Socialist Party
calls upon all the workers lo ioin it in a new slrug~le to reach this goal,
""'' •h•·• hrin~ into thr wodrl a new society in which peace, fraternity,
end hu-,nn hrolherhon~ will he th• doninant ideals.
Recommendations
I. We recommend that the convention instruct our elected representatives
in Congress. in the Stale Legislatures. nnd in locAl bodieo. to vote against
all proposed appropriations or loans for military, naval, and other war
purposes.
2. We recommend tht't this convention instruct the National Executive
Committee to extend and improve the propaganda among women, because
they as housewives and as mothers are now particularly ready to accept
our message.
3. We recommend that the convention instruct the National Executiv~
Committee to initiate an orpanized movement of Sociali~ts, organized
workers. and o ther anti-war forces for concerted action along the lines
of this program.
�Page eight
ITl
About Llano
Years of Achievement
HREE years of history of the Llano del Rio community, even if written as a sketch briefly touching
upon the events that were of the most importance
- -- at the hour, would require more space than could be
found inside this magazine. Achievements have been many
and continuous. They can be touched upon but briefly here.
Starting in May, 1914, with a plan that was only defined
in the one idea-that of forming an initial group for the purpose of solving the problem of co-operative production of
the necessities of life-the founders worked their way along
and as the scheme unfolded the plans took more concrete
form. True, the man who first thought of the community
had plans of large dimensions. He had not nor could he have
definite ideas as to details and development. To him and
to many others the vision of the future was strong and many
were the dreams that were dreamed. At first it was all a
dream- land, water, labor, a community, houses, live stock,
machinery and all. Then slowly the dream became a reality,.
The first land was secured largely on faith. A few improved ranches came in on options that were held with small
payments and promises based on hope of the future. Then
that hope became strengthened by the response of comrades
and options became purchases and a stronger grip was secured
on the deeded land. Then land began to come in through
trades and other channels. More and more land was added
until the red spots on the Colony map widened, and as deeds
were secured these spots took on a deeper hue. With the
purchase of the Tilghman ranch was removed the serious obstacle of a contender for our water rights. We secured a
splendid piece of property, with producing alfalfa fields and
more important, the tunnel and the undisputed right to the
dam site. Then came other land which was obtained by trades
and transfers, until the Colony was secure with land sufficient
to support several thousand persons. Water development and
conservation through improvement of ditches and cobbled
laterals, clearing and improving the tunnel and by other means
extending the supply, was a contemporaneous transformation
from dream to reality. These two vitally essential features
of the enterprise have always been recognized as fundamental.
How much land has the Colony?
This question is frequently asked. Many times it cOJ.Jes
from persons who have no conception of an acre of land and
could not visualize 100 acres or give any adequate idea of
what an immense tract of land 1,000 acres is. To give them
a foundation . let us say that a section of land comprises
640 acres. This is ·a square mile. Get a line on that, then
figure that the Colony now has under control about 9,000
acres and that it can secure more as rapidly as we want it,
or can put it under cultivation. Of this land there are about
3,000 acres of titled land under deeds. The remainder is under tax titles and contracts. All is safe from interference.
Land for purposes of extension is available at a reasonable
rate. We have under cultivation inside the Colony about
1,400 acres. Besides this, we have under lease for the year'5
crops a number of ranches. We have labor contracts whereby we exchange service for fruit and other crops so that our
year's product will not be limited hy what land we have
under cultivation. We are clearing land as rapidly as practicable, but this work can go forward only as rapidly as we
can divert teams and men from the necessary work of planting, cultivation and harvesting. There is always need for more
---
The
Western
Comrade
By Frank E. WoHe
men and more teams and it requires much clever manipulation
on the part of the assistant superintendent, the corral manager,
the head farmer, and others, to keep the teams <an the most
needed work.
To the farmers the land is of the most paramount importance. The gardener ·h as an argument which no one can meet.
The cannery foreman can floor anyone who attempts to argue
about the relative value of his department. "Say, don't you
fellows want to eat next winter?" is an argument that makes
the laundry foreman, the soapmaker, and even that important
individual, the tanner, pause in any flight of oratory. The
cannery m,an wins. So does the gardener, the berry man, .the
hog raiser, or anyone in the food production or conservation
department. But it all goes back to the land as the source
of life at Llano, as in 'e very other part of the globe.
Llano will always have enough land. Negotiations are continually pending for more land and deals go through nearly
every week on the basis of trades. Recently 1,300 acres came
in in one week. This added three ranches to our cattle range
and gave us a I 00-inch well and a pump of that capacity.
We have every hope of securing two producing ranches
that lie back in the foothills between the Colony lands and
the mountains. These will also come in under trades and
they will more that meet the Colony's growing demand for
food and feed.
Equal in importance with the possession of land is the
ownership and development of water.
It is unsafe for a layman to write about the cons.ervation
and development of water. For this reason the followi·ng
facts and statements are taken from an article prepared by
our engineer. They may be relied upon as being not only
conservative but always inside figures and guarded statements.
Llano's water supply comes from four sources, namely,
the surface flow of Big Rock Creek, storage, reservoir, and
underground flows.
First: The natural surface flow of the Big Rock Creek, of
which we are using a part at present. This water will easily
irrigate 5,000 acres if properly handled. At the present time
there are about 3,000 miners' inches of surface flow, later. in
the summer the flow decreases to about 500 inches.
Second: We have a reservoir and dam site. A dam 200
feet high will have a storage capacity of from 40,000 to
50,000 acre feet of storage water. Government reports show
flood water enough from this watershed to be sufficient to
fill this huge reservoir. However. the dam as planned at
present will have a capacity of 5 ,600 acre feet. This amount
of water is sufficient to irrigate at least 5,000 acres ·more of
this land.
Third: The underground flow, of which we can only. estimate at present. The flow from the old tunnel constructed
some twenty-five years ago is 125 miners' inches. This flow
has been increased forty miners' inches by ' cleaning out the
tunnel to a distance of about 100 feet from where it enters
the deep wash of Big Rock. This wash is composed of loose
gravel indicating many hundreds of miners' inches of water;
perhaps it may run into thousands of inches. We are still
pushing the work ahead on the tunnel and expect to tap this
wash forty feet below the surface of the creek bed as stated.
One hundred and twenty miners' inches forces its way through
gravel and mud a distance of probably one hundred feet
and that alone tells us a vast quantity of water awaits us.
�r
,·
The Western Comrade
Aloout Llano
Those who contemplate joining us may rest assured as to
the lp.nd and water problems. They await only developmeJ!t.
The possibilities are almost unlimited. The conservation of
water is reasonable, being under $25.00 per acre . .
To the North, thirteen miles beyond the Lovejoy Buttes,
the Colony owns a ranch where our range stock headquarters
are now located. This lower pa.rt of the valley is a pumping
proposition. On this ranch we have a well that furnishes
I 00 miners' inches, pumped with a fifty horse power ~asoline
engme.
"It is safe to say that the souFces of water we h~ve, can
and will be developed to irrigate 50,000 acres of land," says
this engineer. "Come and see for yourself-and judge for
yourself. The United States Government has set aside 60,000
ac res in this irrigation district. That means they say 60,000
can be irril!ated from these water sources. We say 50,000 ·
to be well ~nder the United States government estimate."
Looking back over three years of endeavor in this valley,
c;ne is struck by the horizontal rise in achievement. If the
co-operators had restricted themselves to one little line of development, a much greater showing !)light have been made
in that particular department. This was not possible. This
was a matter of clearing land, plowing, leveling, fencing,
plantin g, attending crops, and harvesting. But while this was
going on there were the other departments, each of gre'!,t
importance, coming forward with demands for labor, teams,
machinery and appropriations. Horticultural activities could
not be curtailed. Live stock had to be given attention. Then
the numerous industries demanded a share in the resources
necessary to development and expansion. The whole vast
enterprise must come along with as even a front as possible
·
- the rise horizontal.
The first live stock acquisition included about a dozen hogs.
They were of indifferent type, with no breed or character.
Since that time hundreds of hogs have passed the department.
During the past year over $5,000 worth of pork has been
distributed through the commissary and there are 200 hogs
now in the department. This number will be reduced within
a few days and then the increase will start upward toward the
days of packing meat next fall. Great care will be taken in
the meat producing and live stock department. No boarders
will be ·permitted to winter. Each animal wiiLpay its waygo to the range or go into smoked pork or corned beef.
Slowly it seems, but steadily, the herd of hogs has been
changed in character from "scrubs" to pure bred stock. Blue
ribbon Berkshires and Duroc-Jerseys are the sires of the rising
generation of porkers. There are twenty-two registered brood
sows of high pedigree among the Duroc-Jerseys and more are
to be added at once. We have had exceptionally good fortune
in having this department in the hands of a man of great
ability and good business sense.
The Colony's dairy herd was started with 83 head brought
from the Imperial Valley in January, 1915. Up to that time
the few pioneers here had little milk and not much butter.
The herd is gradually being merged over from jerseys to
Holsteins, but these two strains will long run equally strong.
There are about 200 cattle in the Colony's herd on the
range. Here again good fortune attended the community in
that it had a cattle man of experience to take charge. Not
only is he a capital herder, but as a real, old-time, ideal
cowboy he adds greatly to the picturesqueness of the scene.
He is affable and a source of inspiration to the youth-a hero
to the small boy of the Colony.
The range is excellent. The ranches with water in that part
of the valley to the north are coming into the possession of
the C~lony. There the bunch-grass, knee high and plentiful,
furnishes all-the-year-round grazing for our stock. We want
to run this herd up to several thousand head and that is a part
of our plans. The dream here takes form as we go forward.
We must have this herd because we shall ne~d the meat and
the hides.
The need of the hides will become apparent when we say
we have a tannery and a shoe factory, a harness shop and
a great need of leather for varied purposes.
The leather thus ·far tanned is of ex,cellent quality. The
shoe factory will turn out good shoes both for dress and for
work purposes. Both these departments ·are in the hands of
·
masters of their crafts.
Starting in three years ago without detailed plans, the process of evolution has carried us forward until we have sixty-six
departments operating under managers and division managers.
These departments report to assistant superintendeuts who
have charge of the two general branches of the enterprisethe agricultural and the mechanical.
Under the former comes all things that pertain to the general business of farming on a large scale. Under the latter
the industrial side of the undertaking.
Without regard to the division, the following is a list of
the subdivisions where workers report to the time keeper:
Administration, agriculture, agricultural implements and tools,
alfalfa, architect and survey, art studio, bakery, ba·rber shop,
bees, building, cabinet shop and planing mill, cannery, cleaning
and pressing suits; clearing, fencing and grading; creamery,
dairy, fish hatchery, general garden, general store (commissary), grain (corn, barley, rye and wheal), hay and grain,
hogs, horses and teaming, horticulture, Llano hotel, Tilghman
hotel, Mescal hotel, Lime kiln hotel, Logging camp hotel, Fish
hatchery hotel, irrigation , irrigation construction and develop-ment, irrigation district work, jeweler, laundry, log road and
logging, lime kiln, library, mechanical store, machine shop,
medical, Mescal ranch, Montessori school, membership, overalls and shirts, poultry, printing, publishing, post office, rabbits,
range herd, rug shop, saw mill, sanitation, shoe shop, Sierra
Madre colony, social service, soap factory, stage line, tannery,
Hart-Parr tractor, Best caterpillar tractor, large steam tractor,
small steam tractor, transportation, tinshop, plumbing and
stoves, wood department.
There is a growing tendency toward mote and more 'independence in the management of departments. As men in
charge of these departments demonstrate their ability they are
given greater power and their advice is always carefully considered in business transactions in connection with their work.
The planting of gardens and crops this year has been
planned, and in part carried out, with a view to producing
especially for the needs of the colonists should there be a
continued rise in the cost of living and a greater scarcity of
food supply.
There are four acres in strawberries~ .which will b producing berries by May 5. Last year the Colony had I the
sunberries it could use. In fact, considerable of this delicious
fruit went to waste. This will not be allowed to occur again.
Thirty acres are being planted to beans. This is outsi®
the "kitchen garden." Eight acres are also prepared for
peanuts.
There are twenty acres planted to potatoes. The Baldwin
fourteen acres in potatoes are in fine condition and the first
crop will be taken in the early part of june, when a second
crop will be planted. The seven acres on the Young place
-
�Page ten
About Llano
Llano's first dairy.
The l~y shown
here h a s been
joined by many of
her kind.
are making splendid progress. Plans are made to greatly
extend potato planting.
Forty acres are planted to sugar cane, and this may be extended. A great variety of vegetables will be produced.
Steadily the Colony pushes forward in all direction5. The
rounding out of the third year of its existence shows remarkable progress and development. Extension of land holdings
goes on from month to month and the policy of taking over
land free and clear of debt is as closely followed as practicable.
The Colony acquires machinery in much the same manner
by trades and issues of stock. This enables us to increase
the assets without incurring obligation.
During the first weeks of May, according to predictions
that are virtually promises, the lumber department will be
bringing logs down from the timber land, and the sawmill
will start cutting lumber for the Colony.
Plans of the building department contemplate the com.Bietion of the new dormitor~. hospital. cannery, printshop,
tannery, office extension, apiary department, and new cow
camp. A new public kitchen and dining room will follow.
The 8ormitory will be. 130 by 36 feet and will contain
twenty-five rooms. It should be completed by the latter part
of May.
The stone is on the spot where the hospital is to be erected.
This is a pleasant location in the almond grove, where it is
quiet and the surroundings are ideal.
There is great need for new housing for the printery. This
important department is operated under great difficulties owing
to crowded conditions where linotype, folder , cutter, presses,
and other machinery are crowded into extremely cramped
quarters. Highly skilled and efficient workers have to resort
to many makeshifts to enable them to keep the publications
movmg.
The Western Comrade
The laundry is in a similar situation and the industry is
scattered. This will be remedied by the erection of a separate
building where all branches, including the soap making plant,
will be housed.
The cannery will take possession of the entire building, of
which it now occupies but one-fourth. In addition to this,
storage room will be provided.
It is expected that by midsummer the woodworking department will have an abundance of material on hand and the
Colony spared any further burden in the matter.
The Colony has in it; own trout hatchery ~ne of the most
valuable branches of the entire enterprise. The manager of
this department is building solidly. Six concrete tanks have
just been completed for the young trout. This is the substantial permanent construction which will characterize the
development of this interesting division. Two of the pools
are completed, although pool No. 2 awaits lining. Several
hundred of the breeding trout have been placed in smaller
tanks pending improvement of pool No. 1.
This season's hatch of rainbow trout is several weeks out
of the egg, and the little fellows are strong and vigorous.
When they are large enough to take from the hatching trough
they will be put into tanks c:onstructed for that purpose.
Several thousand will go into each tank and there they will
remain through their fingerling days and up to the day of
their removal to the larger lakes. It is planned to build
twelve or more lakes in terraces down the beautiful valley
when this industry can be developed to a point of several
hundred thousand trout.
These are the rainbow trout (salmon irridius) and are not
only the most beautiful and gamey but the best pan fish native
to Western waters. It is planned to put in a fall spawning
of Eastern brook trout. This will depend on the completion
of the new hatchery building. The material for this building
is on the spot and only awaits the stone masons. Though
much necessary and just as important construction is waiting
all over the ranch it is confidently expected that the pools for
the hatchery will be · completed in time to allow for the fall
activities at the hatchery.
This is but a portion of the history of Llano recited especially for this Anniversary Number. As much more could
be written and then scarcely touch the subject. Llano's
history is already a comjplex fabric , and it is known in its entirety to no man. But its development is now the thing of
prime importance and the foregoing sketch should prove convincingly that Llano has progressed more rapidly and substantially than even the most optimistic had a right to hope
or expect.
In addition to the Llano dairy herd, many more will be brought in from the ranges within a short time.
�(·
The
Western
-'
Page
Comrade
.
eleven ·
Was Schmidt Guilty?
(''Was Sc~dt Guilty?'' is the name the WESTERN COMRADE .
has given to the address made by Comrade Job Harrim.,; before the
jury at the conclusion of the trial of Matt Schmidt on the charge of
dynamiting the Times Building. Schmidt has just been sent to the
penitentiary after having been in the Los Angeles jail for about two
years, to serve a life sentence. The COMRADE will run one instalmen! each month of this extraordinary document. It is the in tention to eventually publish it in book form.)
the demand for long hours. low wages, hard work, and this
came from the iron jaws of the Steel Trust. Their homes were .
poorly furnished, their children indifferently educated, their
wives were clothed in calico and cheapest cotton, they went
to their work shivering and insufficiently clad: Why should
· they not struggle to better their condition ';I Are we not all in
the same struggle? Are you not struggling, at your trades, on
· · - -ENTLEMEN: You have been told by the assista.nt your ranches and in your business callings, to better your
prosecuting attorney that he prosecuted this case be- condition? And shall these men be forbidden the common
cause he was sincere in the belief that the defendant heritage? Shall they sink, sink, sink, into a state unlit for
-· - is guilty and because it was his duty as a citizen to a slave?
the state, and his divine duty to God! We shall see later how
And tell me for what was the Steel Trust struggling';! Was
sincere he is as a citizen and with what divine conscience he it for food and raiment with which to feed their loved ones
at home? Far from it. Their tables were laden with silver,
urges his cause.
As for myself, I want to meet you as man meets man in filled with milk and honey and sweetmeats; their homes were
a common effort to solve a serious problem. We are only men . ·;·palaces adorned with rugs, and ebony and gold tapestry,
and nothing more. We are confronted with a solemn obliga- while their families were robed in silks and satins and belion; let us face it in a plain, straightforward and humble decked with di~monds, and the doors of the greatest colleges
manner. Let us make no profession of our divine duties or of the land were open to their children.
inspirations, and we shall come far nearer the truth than if
No! No! The owners of the Steel Trust were not struggling
we are blinded with imaginary duties and influences. Our to earn comforts for their families, but they were struggling
minds must remain open and receptive to · the last, and you for larger profits, more power, with which to enforce low wages
must go into the jury room without previously making up your and long hours and to gorge their greed.
Again I ask, why should not these iron workers light for
minds on the issues at the bar.
The real issue involved in this case is the struggle between food and raiment, light for their wives, their little ones, and
the United States Steel Trust and the International Bridge their homes?
and Structural Iron Workers. The defendant, Schmidt, is only
No one knows or ever will know the suffering and privation
an incident in the light. The prosecution had as well face these men endured during the long years of this terrible labor
this fact without further equivocation. Their effort to con- war. On the one hand stoo.d the billion-dollar Steel Trust.
ceal the struggle for dollars by the Steel Trust and the Erect· On the other stood thousands of men bound together by their
ors' Ass9ciation, and the struggle for their lives by the union mutual interests, their nece~sities and their affections. The
men, is futile and without avail. Nor yet is this prosecution means of warfare was the lockout and the boycott employed
conducted for the purpose of convicting certain men of a by the trust. And the strike was employed by the men.
A number of large erection and construction companies
certain crime, but rather for the purpose of destroying the
labor organizations, the only power that stands between the dependent upon and working with the Steel Trust were ogErectors' Association and the gratification of their greed.
ganized and operating in all the large cities of the land. So
For many weeks you have been held here in this jury box long as these companies worked independently the efforts of
and compelled to listen to the reading of hundreds of letters, the iron workers were crowned with some degree of success.
scores of magazine articles, and untold numbers of signatures The measure of success with which they met inspired in them
in hotel registers in various cities, all to the end that they a confidence in t~eir power and a hope of better days and
might convince you of a nation-wide conspiracy to destroy rallied them all into a solid phalanx, determined to reduce
property and that they might cast the odium of it upon the their working hours and to increase their wages. They were
American labor movement. They have labored in vain for the attacking force. They must force their wages up .or formany weeks to make it appear that the lockout in Los Angeles ever live like slaves. Every increase of wages increased their
during the year of 1910 was directly connected with the war power. Every hour cut off increased their hope. And every
between the Steel Trust and the International Bridge and increase of power and hope added numbers to their ranks to
Structural Iron Workers.
help them light their winning battle.
.
As the years rolled by the bitter war went on, with workWithout an understanding of the struggle between these
two powers you will be confused by the testi"mony and you ing hours decreasing and wages increasing, until the year 1906.
cannot intelligently proceed to a verdict in this case.
In the early part of that year the United States Steel Trust,
For years prior to 1906 the Structural Iron Workers had the great American Octopus, stretched out its terrible arms
been striving to better their condition. Ten hours a day was and gatheted together all the steel erection and construction
the sentence pronounced upon them. The dangers of this companies in the United States and forced upon them a penalty
most dangerous occupation became even more perilous toward of "no submtssion, no steel," to refuse to deal directly or
the end of the long hours, when the body and nerve weakened indirectly with the International Bridge and Iron Workers'
under the heavy burden and on the dizzy heights. One by Union. You will remember that Mr. R. D. Jones from Utah,
one they lost their balance and plunged headlong into the witness lor tht stale, testified in effect that hi! company was
grave below. The death roll became appalling. The guardian forced to rnn an open shop--that the Steel Trust would not
angel was never present. They fell from cathedrals and banks, sell them steel unless that condition was strictly complied with.
By means of the resolution adopted in 1906 these companies
from blocks and towers alike, whether they were building
for God or for Mammon. The only voices they heard was were formed i'nto an association. Among other things the
GI
�Page twelve .
re5olution provided that no member of the association should
recognize or deal with any union; that all losses sustained by
reason of such refusal on the part of the company would be
borne by the association.
This policy, if carried out, meant the ruin of the Iron
Workers' Union. What chance would a poor, helpless man
have without the support of an organization when' confronted
with such a power? In such a case there can be no agreement. The man~ only submit; he does not consent. The
minds do not meet. There is not a single element of an agreement present in such a transaction. There is rebellion in his
mind, ever present, when he submits and goes to work. Why
does he not quit? Why does not the cry for bread of his
hun gry children cease ringing in his ear? Necessity knows
no law. It drives him on into a dark and helpless future.
lt may be that, during some time in your lives, some of
you men have been members of unions. If so, you fully realize
that the union is the only power that prevents wages from
being reduced to the point upon which men can barely subsist- that those who do not belong to the union, as well as
the union men, reap the benefit of the higher rate established
by the efforts of the organizations.
Again I say that if the policy of the open shop were universa lly adopted the union, with all the advantages it has delivered
to the worker, would pass away. Every applicant for work
would receive the sa me answer: "We are paying two dollar5
to two twenty-five for a len-hour work day; no extra for overtime. Plenty of takers ! Wa nt the job?" The helpless man
would bow his neck to the yoke and go to work. Overtime
was eagerly sought, not because these workers strove to lay
up money, but because ten hours at two dollars or two twentyfive is not sufficient to provide the family with the necessities
qf life . Long hours and low pay were, therefore, the rule
when the struggle of the iron workers began in the East, as
well as in the city of Los Angeles, in the year of 1910 before
the lockout occurred.
WOOLWINE-That is not according to the evidence.
HARRIMAN-Oh. yes, it is. Turn to Mr. Grow's evidence,
Mr. McKenzie, and read it to him .
McKENZIE-(Reading from manuscript) "The wage for
st ructural work here was 22!/z cents an hour and no extn
pay for overtime."
HARRIMAN-Are you satisfied, Mr. Woolwine?
WOOLWINE-Beg your pardon for interrupting.
HARRIMAN- Your pardon is granted and your memory
resuscitated.
Ten hours' work for two dollars and twenty-five cents .
Would you, though already exhausted, have worked overtime
if the welfare of your family had been at stake? Knowing
the dangers to life and limb at great heights, especially when
the body and nerves are already strained with overwork, would
you have added hours to cover the deficits at home? And do
I hear you say no? Then what would you have done? Quit
)he job? Ah! listen! The cry of little children comes from
your home. What would you do? You would do the only
thing left to do-you would join with your fellows and strike
for better wages and shorter hours.
The issue of wages and hours is the point at which the
line· of every great industrial battle is drawn. The hosts seeking profits are arrayed on the one side of the wages and hours
line, and the hosts of breadwinners on the other. In this gr~at
industrial battle in the East, the Steel Trust, together with the
Erectors' Association, was struggling to force the wages down
and the hours up, while the union men were endeavoring to
fllrce the hours down and the wages up. This _is the line of
The Western Comrade
battle and the prosecution may as well face the fact. Equivo·
cation will nbt avail them. This prosecution is not conducted,
as they would lead you to believe, for the purpose of convicting a few so-called conspirators. This prosecution is conducted for the purpose of undermining the labor movement
of America.
Two dollars and a quarter a day and nothing extra for
overtime, is the demand of the Steel Trust! What answer
could the individual make to this demand? It is the demand
of the powerful master to the slave. If he refuses to work
the master lays on the .lash of hunger and turns the wolves
·
loose to howl at his door.
You men of the jury must admit that the labor unions are
the only power that stands between the weak and helpless
individual and the billion-dollar Steel Trust, together with the
powerful Erectors' Association. Disband the labor organizations or conduct the open shop, which is the equivalent, and
you open the way for greed to afflict this country with a
terrible disaster- a disaster so far-reaching and so searching
that it ferrets out and grips every man who lives by the
sweat of hi s brow-a disaster that means poverty, and ignorance, and corruption, and despair.
Yet the Steel Trust commanded the steel erecting and constructing companies of the United States to pass and enforce
with all their power a resolution-that is, to enter into and
force a mutual agreement-that they, or any one of them,
would not deal, directly or indirectly, with the labor union;
that they would only hire men as they came; that, in so far
as they were concerned, there should be no labor union; and
that there should be no organized power to light to better
working conditions. Only the individual man, standing alone,
shall have the privilege of selling himself at whatever price
those who wish to buy shall place upon him. His poverty
and deg radation shall be measured by the greed of the powerful, and the luxuries of the powerful shall be limited only by
their temptations.
That this is the ripe fruit of an open-shop system there
can be no doubt.
That the destruction of the labor union s and the establishment of the open shop is the purpose of this prosecution,
and not the prosecution of a few so-called conspirators, there
can be no question. Time and time again it was testified
upon this stand by members of the Erectors' Association that
they would not deal with labor organizations; that they all
ran an open shop; that they would not even negotiate nor
confer with labor organizations; that they had not dealt with
labor organizations since 1906; and that since the year 1906
thev only hired and dealt with laborers individua lly.
Notwithstanding the lon g and bitter struggle previous to this
s: rike. th ere was never a ny violence commited until after this
soulless resolution was passed in 1906-no violence until the
~reedy corporations endeavored to deal the death blow to
the International Bridge an::! Structural Iron Workers. ·
True, there was a little testimony concerning one or two
instances. but that testimony was wholly unworthy of belief or
consideration. It flowed from the perjured lips of felons like
the poisonous fumes of hell.
There were four of these felons employea or in some way
bribed or induced by the state to te stify for the prosecution .
There was Dugan of Indianapolis, Davis of Massachusetts,
Clark of Cincinnati, and McManigal. These principal witnesses for the stale were all guilty of capital crimes, each
endeavoring to perjure this defendant's life away for his
own liberty.
(To be continued next-month)
�Page thirt~n
T h e W es I e r n Co m r ad e
r·riumph of Theory Over Practice
T
- - -.
1
HE Emergency National Convention was held under
I extraordinary circumstances and worked under an
tension. It is therefore partly to be excused
I_ _ _i' especial
for its failures. But at the same time it exhibited the
faults of the Socialist Party organization behind it. Of oratorical talent there was plenty. Of theoretical discrimination
there was a surfeit. Of political insight, of constructive capacity, there was a lamentable deficiency.
Since the beginning of the European war there has raged
among Socialist Party theoreticians a terrible controversy as
to the relative importance of the economic, political, diplomatic and dynastic causes of the war. These theorists, numbering
in their ranks our most prominent comrades, came to the convention imbued with the idea that its most important business
was to decide by majority vole which group was scentifically
correct. So, immediately upon arriving in St. Louis, they
dug trenches and began assailing each other with conversational gas attacks a nd oratorical curtain fire. As an inevitable
result the delega tes' attention was practically confined to the
discussion of such questions as "Have the workers a country?"
and "Shall we oppose all wars, offensive and defensive, now
and forever, world without end, Amen?" Much learning and
acuteness. also some ignorance and stupidity , were displayed
in the debate on these burning theoretical questions. But it
submerged almost completely the practical political situation,
the eml!rgency that still confronts us, which is, "Here is war!
What are you going to do about it?"
The delegates took the attitude of endeavoring to prove to
the "party membership that th ey were "Scientific Socialists,"
rather than the attitude of workingmen trying to build a political organization for the protection and advancement of
their class interests. "This is the right theory. This is scientific," was the burden of most speeches. Those who argued
"This is politically expedient. This will gather the biggest
working class political force," spoke an unknown longue. So
far as they were understood. they were misunderstood and
damned for opportunistic heretics who would sac rifice principle
for mere politicg.
And yet the real problem was not the production of a
scholarly essay on war, but the organization of the opposition
to war and conscription, the detailing of a program of conslrm:tive work to alleviate the misery and suffering resulting
from military operations and to organize the food and other
supplies for the protection of the civil population. The weakness of the convention declaration lies not merely in its preliminary essay, which is good in the main, but iL a program
that is essentially negative. The failure of the convention was
that it gave practically no time to considering the methods
and program of action in this crisis, but it devoted three days
to considering theories about how the crisis arose. Surely
the heights of political incapacity are not far away from the
convention plateau.
In dealing with the recommendation of the committee on
constitution to liberalize the "penal code" of the party which
now prohibits members choosing a liberal in preference to a
reactionary where there is no Socialist candidate, the same
dominil tion of theory, pure and simple, was demmu trated .
Practically every state that has had experience with non-partisan and second election laws finds that its members. in large
numbers, refuse to be disfranchised when the Socialist cil.ndidates fail to get by the primary. In hund~eds of instances
By Cameron H. King
issues of local importance remain to be determined aher the
party candidate is eliminated. In some cases vital battles in
the great class struggle put the Socialist candidate in the anomalous position of dividing the working class vote and throwing the election to the arch-representative of the capitalists.
Facts were told to the theorists who dominated the convention,
but they smothered those facts with the phrase "that all other
parties and candidates are necessarily capitalist parties and
candidates and there is nothing to. choose between them."
They voted to retain the penal code in all its rigor, despite the
appeals made by such comrades as our National Secretary
Adolf Germer, Jos. Cannon, Dan Hogan of Arkansas, Anna
Maley, John C. Kennedy and George Goebel. But they don't
really mean it. They were challenged to expel those who
had violated their blue laws, but refused to take up the challenge. In truth, the facts dazed them and, while not ready
to enforce their criminal statutes, they a re hanging on to them
until their vision clears again and they can decide .what change
really must be made.
This review of the convention may seem severe. But the ·
situation is not hopeless. There was a tremendous devotion, a
splendid enthusiasm and earnestness in the membership of the
conven tion. Their real fault is in the position which they
have permitted to grow up around them . They have been cut
off from the daily contact with th~; work of the organized
working class in a large measure. They have not had con•
slantly to test theories in the crucible of practical action. If
the movement can be brought down and safely rooted in the
facts of economic and political life the talents of the comrades at St. Louis will go far toward creating an irresistible and
a fundamentally revolutionary force in American life.
Five and Fifty
If fifty men did all the work
And gave the price to five,
And let those fi ve make all the rulesYou'd say the fifty men were fools,
Unfit to be alive.
And if you heard complaining cries
From fifty brawny men,
Blaming the five for graft and greed,
Injustice, cruelty indeedWhat would you call them then?
Not by their own superior force
Do five on fifty live,
But by election and assent,
And privilege and governmentPowers that the fifty give.
If fifty men are really fools,
And five have all the brains,
The five must rule as now we find;
But if the fifty have the mindWhy don't they take the reins?
-The Forerunner.
�Page fourteen
Propaganda
The Western Comrade
Radicals or Fetish-Worshippers
m
- - -,IRTH, growth and death-ths inevitable law of all
nature-applies with relentless and unvarying force.
Organizations are not exempt from its workings.
From protista to primate, from atomic to astral,
from individual to social, the law operates impartially.
The radical, whose belief was born of science, at times
seems to forget the workings of its impersonal parent.
Organization is essential to progress. Yet every help becomes a hindrance when misapplied or when a newer tool is
required. We tend to worship organization more than progress. Humanity ever has created masters instead of servants.
Indeed, the pathway to democracy is strewn with golden calves
and misspent' generations in the wilderness of serving institutions created by the people.
By this we see the same state of barbarism as of old today
marks the condition of mankind. The barbarian is essentially
a fetish-worshipper. While in every age the esoteric circle
broke through the darkness of form into the liberty of the
truth portrayed in the form, the masses have bowed-and do
still-along with most of their "practical" leaders, before
fetishes.
Yes, we are a race of fetish-worshippers. Laugh not at the
man who carries a potato in his pocket to ward off rheumatism
or at our darker brother who sees in the left posterior appendage of Brer' Rabbit a propitious omen.
Radicals, "advanced and serious thinkers" in general, no
longer worship state constitutions and potentates. Religious
dogmas they question, and topple from their lofty pedestals
the enshrined heroes of exploitation and oppression. Yet
many kave made but this one step. The worship has been
transferred merely to different idols.
Does your organization serve you, or do you serve your
organization?
Are you still the fetish worshipper, bowing in slavery to your
own faiths, philosophical systems, party constitutions, ballots,
and such "scraps of paper," attaching a superstitious and unwarranted importance to these? Or are you employing these
useful and necessary tools AS TOOLS for the construction
of a world-wide democracy of co-operation?
Let us look for a moment at the meaning of the act when
any group of individuals organize for the advancement of
By D. Bo bspa
society. Human society has moved forward with much the
same movement as an amreba. This one-celled •animal responds to its economic environment by" pushing out finger-like
processes from any part of its body to surround whatever food
lies closest in its microcosm.
Society, too, has advanced irregularly through the leadership of little minorities-thinkers who pushed out from the
mediocre majority to surround some tiny morsel in the infinite
ocean of truth. In this "absorbing" pursuit too many find
satiety and insist that their tiny mote of truth is the open
·
sesame to the portals of emancipation.
Every organization contains within itself an inherent tendency to ber'>me static, whereas society is ever dynamic. Here
is the source of much of the difficulty of social effort.
Even as we grasp (relatively) truth in the light of today's
experience, new events demand a readjustment of our estimates-a readjustment which creeds, constitutions and organizations make difficult.
I see an evil in social alignment. By uniting with similarly
sighted individuals, a machine-a tool-is formed through
which to propagate the light and lead to further light. We have
taken a cross section of the stream of evolution, studied it
and examined many details in the laboratory of our own organization- forgetting all the while that the stream flows ever
onward, gatheri·ng strength and meaning on the way.
In consternation we cry out for evolution to work itself out
in accordance with our particular plans. We want evolution
to work with us instead of reversing the process. We tend to
forget that "the bird of time is on the wing." With various
brands of radical salt we set out to decorate the tail of the
fleeing social bird.
Organization from the earliest development of mankind has
tended, after the first warm enthusiasm, to attach importance
to itself per se- to rest on the laurels of past achievement.
The members tend to drop the scientific attitude for the orthodox. Within human limitations no other fate is possible
for an organization. The movement is ever forward. The
organization, after the highwater mark of achievement, is ever
backward.
Death-new births-death-birth. The cycle goes ever
round so fa r as individuals arc concerned. The individual
Lots of willing workers at the Industrial School. Note the teamster, showing equality of sexes as well as equal suffrage at Llano.
will have lots to do with harvesting the garden produce this summer.
They
�The Western Comrade
Propa&anda
Page fifteen
One of the new tractors bringing in lumber and cement. Both of the trailers were built at Llano. The engine is now being used on the
~·;... __
_ .
road built to the timber in the mountains south of the Colony.
dies; the species is perpetuated through the ages. Aeons see
the species disappear; life continues. The single organization exists only to advance the ever-upward movement of
society.
Nor is one cause alone the corner-stone of evolution.
Countless force> act, interact and react in the ramifying
maze of our social fabric. The resultant fo rce is the measure
of human development.
The rationalist has been designated as one "who is religiously irreligious." · Other brands of radicalism tend likewise to adopt a faith to prove, living in the glories of the
fathers of their movements, forgetting the spirit of these old
leaders. So do members of other groups of people. It is a
natural and (seemingly) inevitable working of psychological
laws.
Any radical group in its youthful days begins work on a
new. social fabric. About the time they get the foundation
laid the builders begin to pay more attention to the variety
of bricks than to the nature of the structure. They also see
others employed on the job under the inspiration of different
philosophical fathers. Instead of all laboring together, there is
a tendency-attributable to worship of the fetish of "MY"
organization as an end in life-for each group to build about
themselves a great wall, windowless and doorless, defying any
others to enter. So, instead of a great social structure, built
by divers workers, there is danger of a large nnmber of these
one-room prisons of progress.
· I say this is a danger. Perhaps I should say it is a hindrance. For there are always rebels among rebels who are
ready to grasp the red flag of the revolution from its resting
place to carry it forward.
Come-outism is the saving ferment of radicalism, rescuing
it from the stagnation of static organization.
Hosea and the ancient prophets illustrate the point. These
rebels thundered against the ecclesiastical and political exploiters of their day. Their followers of other generations
worshipped them , but forgot their spirit of revolt.
So. today, we hear much of Jeffersonian democracy, Marxian Socialism, Georgian philosophy, etc., but see all too little
of the scientific spirit and independent attitude of the founders
of these systems.
When The Grea Adventure was launched in California to
restore the land to the people there were authoritarians in the ranks of the Socialist Party and the Single Tax groups who
objected because they felt the methods and some of the phases
of the proposed law were not quite up to the orthodox Marxian
and Georgian standards.
There were come-outers in each organization and in other
groups and among the free-lances and the masses when the
message reached them. They swept the foggyism of dying
worshippers aside,
Conservatism is the price we must pay for any set form.
Growth means change. Con_stitutions, forms, and rules, while
essential-or at least often convenient-are to some degree
hindering forces. At the best they should be elastic and
relative, not binding-made for use and not for their own
sake. There is nothing sacred in form and method. Results
alone count.
Radicalism needs a careful, critical self-examination today.
We see the prominent groups standing pat in large measure,
while individuals within are brea king over the barrers to unite,
as in the Great Adventure and the International Workers' Defense Leagues functionin g over the nati"on.
Do not overlook the fact that these men and women are
functioning in new groups as individuals and not as representatives of the old groups. These older orga-nizations must
emerge from the philosophies of the past into the actuality
of the present if they are to continue to function as revolutionary movements.
\Vhy worry if they do not so long as those within them are
active? Let us cease to be fetish-worshippers. · Let us cease to
worry over any particular organization or group. The Important matter is that there shall be organized effort. Let
us not forget the end through adoration o[ the means.
There is scant place in radicalism for the doctrinaire, the
lover of constitutions and fixed authority, the over-organized,
the orthodox, the timid, the imitator, the "practical" man.
The hope lies in the rebel, t~e come-outer, the dreamer, the
inspired lunatic, who plunges into the great adventures of
revolution free and untrammeled bv creeds, constitutions and
by-laws of his own or any others' makin g.
[Comrade Bobspa is qui te well lv>own to the readers of radical publica·
·tions from his book reviews.
The Western Comrade is pfad to announc~
that the book reviews will be amon ~ the good things the Comrade will
be able to offer its readers. Page 23 carries Bobspa's first contn'bution.)
�Page sixleen
Aboal L
Llano del Rio Colony Adds
NE of the most important land transactions
in the history of the Llano del Rio Colony
was finished late in April when Comrade
Harriman, as president of the Llano del Rio
Company, signed the necessary papers which transferred to the Colony's holdings 2750 acres of land
in the southwestern portion of the San Joaquin
Valley. The land is a few miles from Wasco, about
thirty miles from Bakersfield, and is agricultural land.
This is the first large tract acquired not contiguous or nearly contiguous to the original holdings
in the Big Rock Irrigation District. With the acquisition of this land, the Llano del Rio Colony will be
able to make its first step in the plan to develop lands
in districts where products can be raised that can
not he profitably grown in Llano.
The land is rich and productive. This district has
lagged behind most of the San Joaquin V~lley in
aoricultural development. having been held m large
tr~cts used mainly as cattle ranges. It lies within the
semi-tropic belt, and is excellent for such fruits as
g rapes, olives, f1gs. with the possibility that lemons
and oranges may be grown here to advantage. Alfalh also produces heavily.
The new land undoubtedly lies within the oil belt
of Centnl California. and as soon as arrangements
ca n be milde, drillin g for oil will commence. An experimental well was stilrted on this property several
years "ago, but capital was insufficien t and it was
abandoned. However. it was su nk far enough so that
gas was struck. and for some time engines were operated with this convenient fuel.
Another well on the Kern lands developed hot
water, offering some special possibilities of commercialization along the lines of establishing a sanitarium . This is an artesian well and gives a good
now. lrri~iltion in this district is by means of wells.
Sixteen wells are already drilled on the new Colony
holdin gs. Work will commence just as soon as it can
he mran~~:ed, and the task of developin g the big
ranc.h will be hurried as rapidly as is practicable.
Of course, no definite plans have been made for
cropping the new ranch. as the final details of the big
transaction were finished but a few days ago. HowP.Ver. as this is on.e of fhe finest fruit districts of
California, it has· been suggested that a great vinevard be set out. Since the grape growers of Californ;a have become organized co-operatively, this
has become a well-stabilized business and offers better opportunities than almost any other field.
Peaches, apricots, prunes, plums, figs, olives, also
do well in this district, and large acreages r,f them
will probably be put out as soon as possible . As a
pear. ~ople, and cherry district it docs not offer any
nossibilities, but the Antelope Valley holdin gs of the
Colony are of the very best for this pu rpose.
The new land is about seven hours' tr,wei by automobile from Llano, with excellt>nt re ad most of the
wav. The intention is to establish ;. camp ihere where
men and horses may be housecl. arcd ;hen to farm it
0
How We Live
at
--,-
HAT does it cost to live at Llano?
How do your prices compare with those at other places?
How is the high cost of living affecting the comrades at t~e Colony?
- - ' What effect will the war have upon the Llano Commumty and the '
cost of living there?
These are a few of the questions that pour in daily from interested comrades all over the country.
Our answer frequently has been a general statement that we buy at thP.
lowest wholesale prices and sell to ourselves at cost plus freight; that we do
not overcharge or exploit ourselves; that we arrive at the cost of our own
products a nd sell to ourselves at the lowest price and that we have the human
trait of wanting to be kind to ourselves.
In considering the comparative cost of living at Llano with that of the
outside, we should not overlook the item of rent. just deduct that item from
the living cost- if you live at Llano.
Then eliminate the cost of social service. What's that? Well, your doctor's
bill, the nurse's bill, the dentist's bill, the cost of
wcial amusements, education and incidental cost
of social life. All this comes under social service
Table of Comp;
and is free.
Then you pay water rates. Cut that item off.
Chicago
You may not have hot and cold running water in
Ap.'l6
your sink, but you will have no monthly water
Butter
$0.43
bill nor will you have it even when it comes piped
Eggs
.30
in the new permanent houses.
Flour
7.00
There are no telephones in the private houses,
Gran. Sugar
.05!
thou gh we have excellent service to the outside.
Rice
.06
No telephone bill.
Prunes
.10
At present the illumination is by kerosene or
Cornmeal
.02!
gasoline lamps. Electricity is used in the machine
Oatmeal
.03
shop on night shifts and at the dances and enterStarch
.04
tainments. We have, of course, no gas or electric
Beans, Navy
.08
light bills. Taxes on all property owned by the
Beans, Lima
.08
corporation are looked after by the officials and
Peas, Dried
.06
no trouble ever comes to the colonist from this
Barley
.05
source . Officials of the corporation work most
Matches
.08
harmoniously with the county, state and national
Kraut
.05
officials.
Can. Tom a toes
.07!
Under. the general heading of social service
Can. Corn
i¥7'
come all amusements. sports, pastimes, dances.
.'12'
Salmon
and entertainments. These, with all educational
Sardines
facilities, are free.
Lard
Now we will grow more specific. In giving fi g.18
Bacon
ures showing prices of some commodities in the
.15
Pork chops
"outside world," we take Chicago prices because
.25
Beef steak
it is the greatest food supply city in the world and
.25
Mutton chops
because prices are lower there than in most parts
·.18
Fresh trout
of the country. Even these prices are conservative
.03
Cabbage
because the prices are higher in the' wealthier
.02!
Onions
parts of the city and in those parts where thi!
.02!
Rhubarb
verv poor live and buy in small quantities.
.07!
Spinach
Ll ar.o products are pure and put up for home
consumption. Our butter is unexcelled because,
WI
:~
�j
out Llano
Page sevenleen
; 2 7 50 Acres .t o Its Holdings
at Llano
By F r a n k E. Wo If e
as an outside storekeeper once said, we "don't know how to cheat."
The table on this page gives the cost of products at Chicago in April, 1916.
1y? April, 1917. ani in Llano in 1917.
the '
In Chicago soap is 25 per cent higher, all cereals are 50 per cent higher.
No quotations are given on vinegar, cider, or honey. Our present prices
>m- are: Cider 40c a gallon, vinegar 40c a gallon . Honey at Llano is quoted
at: Comb honey 15c. extracted honey 7Vzc, and this is the highest quality
th~
pule sage honey. These are pure Llano products. We will have twenty
do tons of honey this season. That cuts down the sugar bill for Llanoites.
wn
How do the prices at your grocery compare with those at Llano?
tan
We will have over 120 acres in garden a nd we will keep it coming. Our
winter garden will be extended. Our potatoes are coming fine. We will have
the a greatly increased supply of fruit and in larger variety. We are preparing
om to enlarge our cannery. We are fortifying and entrenching.
We are preparing for the future. The war situation changed our p lans in
n's only one way; it made us come to a quick decision to produce more food
and more feed. We may be forced to other adjustments, but in no other place can the people
make as quick an adjustment as at Llano. An
omparative Prices
hour's notice- less, at certain times- is sufficient
to bring the demilnded action.
:hicago Chicago Llano Your
At the General Assembly April 18th a motion
<\p.'l6 Ap.'l7 Ap.'l7 Grocer
was made that Llano set the clock ahead one hour.
$0.43 $0.53 $035
000 ?
.30 .42
Then came quick discussion, speeches were short,
0?
pointed, but always constructive. Objections were
7.00 14.00 I 0.50 00000000 ?
trivial. almost humorous. "We will use the sun.05Vz .II
.10 0000 0000?
light." "We will beat the Western hemisphere by
.06
.10
.06 00000000 ?
advancing to the European point of efficiency."
.15
.10
000000 0?
"We will add an hour to our day, and use it for
.02Vz .05 .04Vz 0 00 ?
education. amusement, recreation and 'joy of
.03
.07
.04Vzooo 00?
life.'" These were the arguments and they pre.04
.07
.06 ooooOO 0?
vailed. The vote was virtually unanimous .
.08
.20
.12Vzoooooo?
"When will we set the clock?" "Will it be
.08
.20
00 000000 ?
next Saturday or Monday?" These questions were
.06
.15
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met with a rather startling shout from all over the
.05
.12
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hall : "No, no' Do it now 1" That settled it. The
.08 .25 . 12 00000000 ?
affirmative vote was by accla mation and Comrade
.05
.25
000 ?
L. H. Miller, the Dean of the Colony, whose flow.07Vz .20 .15
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ing beard and snowy hair made a picture of Father
000000 ?
J' 7Vz .18
Time, set the clock ahead. Thrs brought a brief,
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.'12 .30 .10
solemn speech from the ubiquitous wag that "the
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.:t-4 .08 .05
hour grows late and we should adjourn."
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Llano acts in concert. The spirit of solidarity
.30 00000000 ?
.18
.35
grows. Whether the question be food supply or be
.15
.30
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it any emergency, we can act within an hour. The
.10 000000 00 ?
.25
.35
efficiency commission has wrought wonders in a
.25
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few weeks. Departments are co-ordinating more .
00 00 ?
. 18
.30
Food prices ....d regulations will be watched with
.03
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great care. Economy and system govern the com.02Vz .15 .02Vz .. ?
missary. Every department manager is striving his
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utmost .
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.07Vz .25
How does this compare with your hodge-podge
out the re in the cut-throat competition?
!
<
0
oo . .
as huge ranches are usually farmeq, with a competent
superintendent in charge. No attempt will be made to
found a city there" It will be purely a subsidiary of
the Llano Colony, owned and controlled by it. Men
will be shi'fted back and forth as they are required.
Many visitors, and even many residents, have failed
to grasp the bigness of the Llano plan. They have
failed to see further than just what is here at Llano.
They have mistaken the plans of the Llano organization as being confined to this particular spot.
But Llano is merely the beginning. It is the demonstration spot. It is the place the colonists have
selected to begin showing what co-operation can
achieve. It is expected that many thousands of acres
of Antelope Valley lands will be added to theJ:ralio
holdings here, but by no means are they to be confined to Llano alone.
Now the first step out has been made. A huge
tract of nearly 3000 acres has been acquired in the
San Joaquin Valley, perhaps 200 miles from Llano,
vet within easy reach. Where will the next one be?
Do you catch the vision .of what it means to be a
member of the Llano del Rio Company? Not Llano
alone. but Llano repeated, multiplied. the Llano idea
carried irresistibly throughout the West, conquering
prejudice, spreading hope, extending the co-operative
idea.
From the beginning three years ago with only a
few acres near the present town of Llano to holdings
that take in thousands of acres in the Big Rock Irrigation District and contiguous territory and have now
been extended over a range of mountains and into
another great fertile valley, is a notable achievement.
This is a day of tremendous interest in land, especially farming land. With the entire world clamorin g for food, with the governments of most of the
great nations of the world looking toward the United
States for food supply, the acquirin~ of these great
tracts of land bv the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colonv takes on additional interest.
Llano will be able to take care of her own people
and to take care of them royally. In a few years
most of the products consumed will be Llano-produced. There is no reason why suitable lands cannot
be acquired for every material and food that will be
neer!ed by Llano people.
The eyes of the radical and progressive thinkers.
whether Socialist or otherwise, are being turned
Lla no-ward. Opportunity is greater for this community than ever before. With three years of steady
progress a nd substantial building standing as a record
of achievement by which the progress of the future
development may be iudged, Llano can confidently
offer to those who believe in the practice as well as
~he ot~eory of co-operation something satisfying and
msnmnF;.
On Llano's third birthday she is able to announce
the first la rge outside purchase. Are you prophet
enough to say what the announcement of two, five.
or seven years more may be?
�Page eighteen
Mechanics
"R. P. M."
HESE three little letters do not look very dangerous
here, but when we study carefully the affairs of today
we lind that most of the misery and suffering which
- - - we see around us are inseparably connected with
them. This discovery is not new by any ' means, but the
study of that connection is interesting from any .angle and
there are always new developments.
Man seems to have been unfortunate throughout his whole
career, and he has not been entirely to blame for it either.
Nature, entirely without his consent, provided him with the
faculties of curiosity and ambition-in short, with a mind-and
she also gave him two hands with which to experiment. Worse
than this, she trained him to stand up on his hind legs and
leave those hands perfectly free to get into trouble.
This was a n awful responsibility to place on the shoulders
of any creature, and it is not surprising that man has done
no better than he has. He has had to learn, and the way
has been long and painful.
He began to use those hands and to feel of Nature's raw
material. In that way he acquired knowledge as our Montessori children do, though his way was crude and painful.
He felt rocks, learned through experience that they would
crush his lingers, but after much pain and many accidents
found he could roll them together to fashion a shelter to protect himself from storms. He took hold of tree limbs and
found they would bend and spring, but in his experiments
they sprung back and hit him. It was painful, but it started
a train of thought which ended in the construction of the
bow and arrow. He found that wood could be cut into sharp
splinters, and about the first use he could put them to was
thrusting them through his own flesh-through his ears, nose,
lips, etc.-but in so doing he got ideas.
He discovered lire. His curiosity caused him burned hands,
but he gradually obtained fixed and correct ideas concerning
lire. In much the same way he learned the use of metals.
the pain of cut lingers finally teaching him truths that have
been immensely beneficial to the race. He first hurt himself,
then hurt hi:; neighbors intentionally, with his new-found tool.
Eventually they got together and made the valuable discovery
serve them both by bringing greater comfort instead of
greater misery.
Every discovery followed the same rule , and it follows it
today. Man has turned every discovery against himself first,
then against his neighbors until the effects were well-known,
then together they have used it to the advantage of both.
What he has done s_ingly he has also done collectively. Steam,
electricity, gasoline, explosives, transportation machinery, flying machinery, pritM-ing machinery, motion pictures, microscopes- in fact, anything we might mention-has been used
b.y man against himself. until we come back to where we
started, to the consideration of R. P. M.
R. P. M. is an abbreviation used in mechanical parlance
meaning revolutions per minute, and this, of course, helps
determine the results.
At first all machines were hand machines and were operated by turning cranks. The term R. P. M. was not used very
much at this time.
Then came foot•power machinery and the R. P. M. increased. This seemed to be the right thing to do, but we must
remember that ages ago before this it seemed the right thing
for man to put his hand into the lire, and when he began to
The Western Comrade
8 y L. W. Millsap, Jr.
increase the R. P . M. of machinery he was destined to make
a more startling discovery than he did in the first instance.
It has not been so many years back thil.t man got the fever
to increase the R. P. M. of his machinery, and at the present
time that fever is at its height. Man throughout the world
is suffering the supreme agony of his experiments along that
line, and at the same time he is beginning slowly to realize
that he can use increased R. P. M. to his advantage just
as easily as he can destroy himself with it and that it is not
nearly so painful. It is exactly the same as when his primitive ancestor found that he could use lire to warm his hands,
instead of using it to burn his lingers.
When man · had arrived at the age of hand and foot power
machinery he had just reached a point where he could convert Nature's raw materials into a form that he could use and
do it without much effort or loss of time on his part. Then
he discovered that Nature's forces- heat, electricity, and light
--could be harnessed to turn that machinery.
This discovery looked so promising that his enthusiasm,knew
no bounds, and when he saw Nature's fo rces turning machinery
and producing necessities it fascinated him to such an extent
that he thought all his problems were solved, and so eager
was he to increase the revolutions per minute and turn out
more product that he became a slave to the fascination
and entirely lost sight of the fact that his needs were supplied
and that he could rest on his oars, so to speak.
He was feverishly eager to produce more and more and
more. All of Nature's raw material must be secured and
turned into finished product. Every source of natural power
must be secured and developed. Material in astonishing quantities was converted into productive machinery as well as
product, and the vast sources of power were harnessed to it
with the constant aim to increase the R. P. M., until the industrial world became one mad, feverish rush to produce,
produce, produce.
What is the result? Nature is still wise. Man forgot that
Nature had provided for future gene rations as well as the
present and had stored her treasures in the form in which
they kept the best. Man prepares material for his own use,
but if he does not use it Na ture eventually converts it back
into the raw slate ; a nd there is no escape from this law.
One way or a nother Nature will accomplish her purpose.
What was ma n to do with the increasing product of industrial machinery ? He could not consume it. hence it was necessary to market it. This fact enabled the more highly
developed nations to force their product on the nations
inferior in this respect. But no sooner had this occurred than
they, too, began to make inroads on Nature's storehouses and
.· to pile up product they could not consume. Advertising was
developed and speed-up systems applied to them. Poor blind
humanity 1 All it could see was SPEED. Man was delirious
with R. P. M. fever and rushed on, until now, instead of opplying the abbreviation R. P. M. to the movements of machinery, it can be applied to the movements of nations and to
the movements of groups of humanity!
Revolutions a re the talk of the hour. We a re wondering
how many Revolutions Per Minute we will be called upon to
witness and engage in before the cataclysm is over, but through
it all we can see some light.
Mankind is learn ing that production for use is the only plan
that safely agrees with ·Nature's laws.
�The Western Ccmrade
Education
Liberty and Play .for Baby
ITlHE good news comes to me that since reading "Concerning Babies" in the March Western Comra~e seve.ral
have provided keepers fo.r those
1
___ httle ones m the household who are JUSt begmn·mg
to creep--yes, even before they had fallen over the edge of
the bed, or tumbled down stairs, or pulled the tablecloth by the
corner and upset the contents of said table on the floor.
What teachable mothers! My soul takes courage. And they
tell me the fathers helped!
One father brought home a little 4x4 fence hinged at the
corners; it could be set up anywhere from the kitchen to the
lawn or the parlor, or folded flat and set out of sight if out of .
use. He found this right on the sidewalk in front of a second-
T
mothe~s
Ll ano's first houses were of canvas.
.act~ve
Pict ure taken in fall of 1914.
hand store ; it cost very little. But the strange part of the
story is he would never have seen this valuable folding fence,
and never have known how useful it could be in his home, if
he had not been reading the Western Comrade.
Another very careful father says the fence is not sufficient
protection from floor draughts, and he found a 2x4 dry goods
box, sawed it down to the height of fifteen inches, assisted
his wife in padding the floor and edges attractively, put on
four-inch legs with rollers, and declares his keeper is very
superior to the fence. My special point is the value of these
keepers to the child's individual development and the mother's
nerves and disposition, as well as the peace and harmony of
the home.
I speak of these keepers with the most profound seriousness;
I am sure that I am not alone in my sympathy for the already
overtaxed mothrer, who is kept on a torturous, nervous strain
during every waking moment of her child's life because of
the lack of just such a convenience as a keeper for the wee
sprite who takes delight in scattering everything, from the
ashes in the kitchen stove to the books on the library shelves.
The keeper organizes the child's physical activity as well as
his mental activity. In this he keeps reasonably clean ; he
learns his first lesson in appreciation of an individual ownership and use of personal belongings, Here is his wee chair,
his ball , his dog, etc., and no one disturbs his things. The
slight limit to freedom is an advantage to his development in
every way. Indeed, the keeper to the little child is quite as
important as the individual home is to the family.
Nothing can so effectually hurt a child's healthy growth,
mentally and spiritually, as the constant interruptions it receives when allowed to go freely into everything. It is forever "Come, come, baby. don't get into that," or "No, no!
baby must not touch ." What freedom is there to the child
in what is usually called freedom? The more nearly a little
child can be "let alone" while he plays, the more naturally
he will grow and develop in every way.
Page nineteen
By Prudence
s.
Brown
Take him out of his keeper occasionally for "a romp and
change, and by all means give him some time to run or creep
about the house, but this sort of freedom should come to him
when father or mother is free to watch his rapid movements
and divert his attention from forbidden corners without letting
him feel the shock of interruption.
This sort of care of the little one from ten months to the
time when he can understand how to act in the home community will establish great peace and comfort in the household, save the baby ma ny bumps and screams, and the mother
many nervous shocks.
A child's first play is nothing more or less than unconscious
work; he puts his whole being into the effort to make or unmake, to take apart or·put together, everything that he finds;
he examines, studies and tries to define everything he can
touch. He is, in short, a serious little student of life and of
things, and he well deserves a small nook to himself, a place of
safety and security from any sort -of disturbance or intrusion.
As parents and protectors of babies, it is our first duty to provide an environment suitable to our little one's original research work.
A bar could easily be made with supports that would fit over
the keeper, upon which the pendulum balls could be swung,
and these could be removed and the large halt for exercising
the feet be hung in the place. As baby tires of any one toy,
it should be placed where he cannot see it and different things
put within his reach. That is part of the organization work.
By one who was with Dr. Montessori last year in Spain we
are told of a very happy device for young children. Very
tiny tables just the height were used as the base of insets of
varying sizes; then, with a small chair, baby could begin the
experiment of taking out and replacing the insets. This would
be a beautiful game inside the keeper.
Now I .anticipate a question: What is to be done when baby
throws everything over the top and onto the floor outside?
Just leave them right there; he is quite intelligent enough to
This view of Llano shows the newes t section, houses being of wood.
perceive that he has deprived himself of the pleasure of
playing with them , quite bright enough to discover the inconvenience of being without toys, and will learn, if you allow
him the opportunity. to keep them where they belong. Leave
him quite alone to his discovery, leave him destitute of everything; finally, when he is asleep, carefully put all of these
things away where he will ·not see them again for several days.
Don't for the world pick them up and give them to him; that
would be fatal to his discernment of cause and effect. Trust
your baby's in telligence; organize and observe and say very
few word~ and mean what you say.
�Fiction
Page twenty
The Thing
•
In
---
S she washed the breakfast dishes in front of the open
window she had seen him creep behind the fence
I where the grapevine grew. Now, three houn later,
---- ' he was still there. The sinewy length of him lay belly
down, but he was not asleep. His elbows supported his bulky
shoulders, and at intervals his hands were busy doing something-she could not see what. A tiny circle of light played
above him, like the reflection of the sun upon glass, one moment da rting hither and thither among the leaves of a neighboring peach tree and along the top of the fence, the next
melting into ihe sunshine of the garden. She had read in
one of her Sunday supp lem~nts of the amazing possibilities
of mirror focu sing. She concluded that the intruder was manipulating a mirror with a view to obtaining a plan of her
home; or, worse, the luminous circle might be a reflection
from the gleaming barrel of a revolver!
And his clothes were not reassuring. She examined him
carefully through her late husband's field glasses. The loose
gray trousers poorly matched the tight short-sleeved black coat
of an ancient style, save that they, too, were of a fashion long
since disca rded. The ill clad legs and trunk enly served to
make the red sweater wh ich she had seen him so fastidiously
fold and lay in the cleanest grass with his cap, look the more
brilliant a nd finely woven.
She hesitated no longer. Alone in the house, with this suspicious trespasse r at large, she would not sleep a wink that
night. She went to the telephone and summoned the police.
Two officers responded to the call.
"Now," said the first, as they viewed the intruder from the
housewife's kitchen window, "you stay behind the tree yonder
a nd watch . I ca n easy get the drop on him while he's layin'
like that. And when I colfer him, you come and help with
the cuffs, if I need 'em ."
Revolver cocked, he slipped crouchingly along the outer side
of the fence until opposite the man, when he reared himself
cautiously. The man was gazing intently through a magnifying glass. At what? Nothing, as far as the policeman
could ma ke out.
"Whatcha do in' there, you?"
The man did not turn as he replied, "Watching the vme
A
1
grow."
"What?"
"Wa tchin ~ the ten.?rils swing round in the sunlight. Please
go away. I m busy.
"Busy! You damned hobo, yo.u've been loafing there four
hours. Get up and come along."
He turned his face at this, and gazed at the officer mildly.
His skin was dark a nd weather beaten, like an exquisite piece
of tanned leather, to that point where his cap habitually rested.
above which was a high, wide brow of almost marble pallor.
His eyes were large, deep set and of a celestial blue, his cheek
bones high and narrow, his shaven lips slightly tremulous,
and his expression nobly serene.
"Of what am I accused?" he asked.
"Vagrancy and tresspassin'. That's pri'late property you're
on and you know it." He still held his revolver discreetly
cocked, as he eyed the man's muscular body. "Get up now,
and no monkeyin' if you don't want me to fill you full of lead."
The man dropped the glass into his pocket and rose, stamping his feet to rid hi-mself of the cramp hii vigil had entailed.
"Yes, I have learned it saves time to go quietly, although I
Itself
The Western Comrade
By C I a r a C u s h m a n
am neither a vagrant or a trespasser." He slipped his hand
into his trouser pocket and produced a quarter. "There is my
visible means of support, and, as for trespassing, the vine and
the earth I was lying upon .a re mine. I inherited them."
_"Huh! Maybe you inherited a gun, too. What's that lump
in your pocket? Keep your hands up while I look."
But the protuberance in the pocket of his greenish black
coat proved to be a folded razor, a cake of soap wr;1pped in
a blue cotton handkerchief, and a handful of English walnuts.
The officer pocketed the razor.
The man smiled whimsically. "My toilet accessories. And
my dinner. I dine every night at five. But come," his manner
changing, "my time is precious." He reached for his sweater
and cap.
"Who'd ya inherit that fine new sweater from?"
"Yes," he replied, "it is fine a nd warm. They are warmer
when they are fine. I have learned it saves time to get them
fine and warm, although I would rather have given a pint of
my heart's blood than the three days of precious time I had to
give. Three days! Thirty-six of my hours wasted, gone, just
to keep me warm!" He threw out his arms in a passionate
gesture. "When I should have been at my task! Picking
hops! And I could not stop to watch them grow! It was
'Hurry, hurry, hurry!' But the ache in my shoulders warned
me. It said, 'You must keep me wa rm or I will hurt you. Then
you will become ill and cannot complete your task.' So I
wasted three days earning the money." His delicate upper
lip trembled, then he subsided into his customary serenity.
"But come, come, come! Let us get through that I may be
on my way."
The bluecoat turned to his assista nt. "Nobody home,' he
said, tapping his forehead significantly; then more kindly, to
the intruder:
"Now just put your mitts in here and come ala n ~ quiet,
and we won't have any trouble." In an undertone to his
companion, "You never can tell about these here nuts.''
The prisoner meekly held out his hands and, in doing so,
for the first time observed his captor. Instantly his face became alive as he peered into the officer's face. "Amazing! ··
he whispered to himself. " A marvelous specimen 1 Ah, if
I could but keep him for obs-:-rvation! A case of atavismthe flatness above the bra in . the sloping forehead, the wide
nose, the- -" He lifted his manacled hands to trace the
officer's features.
The assistant grabbed him and the bluecoat retreated. For
the second time the intruder smiled. "I ask your pardon. I
am afflicted with absence of mind. But come, come, come!"
At the city marshal's office a further search revealed a
notebook and pencil. and a book, "Sinnesorgane in Pflanzenreich." That was all.
"Mebbe it's one of them anarchist books," the "marvelous
specimen" suggested. "You never can tell about these here
nuts ."
"May I go now?" the prisoner asked. "I have a great deal
to do before night.''
"What's your name?"
"Theodore Beckman."
"How old a re ya'?"
"Thirty-seven."
"Where diqja' come from?"
(Continued on page 28)
�r
l
The Western Comrade
Heal t!.
-Carbo-Hydro Phobia
-----,HE word "phobia" means fear. Hence hydrophobia
means the fear of water. and photophobia the fear
: of light-and so on. He who fears anything unrea__ ::___j sonably is on that point a phobiac.
In Llano we have noticed the presence of a rather strange
variety of the phobies. It manifests as an uanatural and un- ·
reasoned fear of starch. This would class the disease as
carbo-hydro phobia. In mo~t cases it runs a mild course and
passes away with the arrival of garden vegetables. In other
cases it persists and defies all treatment. It is contagious, but
rarely fatal. No cocci germ is responsible for its spread. It
rarely affects the physical organism. It is a purely mental
disease which produces a psychic state in which the patient
attributes all the ills of the flesh from a sore toe to a bald
head to the presence of an imaginary superfluity of starch in
whatever he may have to eat. We have discovered, however,
that the disease is not endemic-that is, it is not a Llano
product. It was imported from other communities, who, perhap, rejoice in their export.
The malady originated in the top ends of certain diet enthusiasts, and it is transmitted to the lay folk by means of
preachment and suggestion. Starch is the cause of all their
woe-physically, mentally. and socially. Their afflictions come
from their starchy diet. Those that hear and believe-catch it.
"What do the Llanoites eat that makes so many of them
til?" wrote a friend of mine who had been in correspondence
with a local sufferer from the disease under discussion.
I answered: "We eat during the winter months- when fresh
vegetables are -hard to get-bread, butter, beans, macaroni,
rice, tomatoes, apples, with now and then a little meat, the
latter no! very often-say twice a month. Fish is had occasionally. Mush of some sort may be had every morning. We
drink coffee and tea, and have a fair amount of milk-not always all we want, but enough to keep healthy. This is our
fare during the hard part of the winter. No one died of
sta rvation or grew excessively lean except those who were so
unfortunate as to become afflicted."
Now, if we consider that our people come from · different
climates, that they live-many of them-under pioneer conditions, you will find that Llano is a supremely healthy com!Tiunity. We have the pure, dry air. the clear water and pleasant climate that cannot but make for health.
To those who do not burden their souls with borrowed
troubles and who engage in active, constructive thought and
labor, Llano is a place favored by nature. Man will keep
healthy even on her winter menu.
Let us carefuly analyze the food of the Llanoites and see
if there is any excuse for people who catch this new-fangled
phobia.
Bread here, as elsewhere, is the staff of life. It, specially
in its white form, is a ~pook to our patient. It contains starch.
Surely, and starch we need. It is an element in any diet.
But bread is not starch alone. It contains gluten, and gluten
is a protein product and is equally as essential to life as starch.
Bread is generally eaten with butter or peanut butter, which
adds to its nutritive value.
The late Dr. Austin Flint, one of America's foremost physiologists, has said of wheat: "In many vegetable grains known
as cereals there exist, in variable proportions, a highly nutritive
nitrogenized substance called gluten. This is found in great
abundance (from !0 to 35 per cent) in wheat." And again:
T
I
Page twenty-one
By D r. J o h n D e q u e r
"The nutnhve power of gluten . is so great, and it contains
such a variety of alimentary principles, that dogs are well
nourished and can live indefinitely on it, when tak; n as the
sole article of food." Of course, dogs, being by nature meat
eaters, would suffer more quickly than men. But they have
an advantage: They are of lower intelligence, and, therefore, ·
are immune to this new phobia.
By kneading white flour under a gently flowing stream of
water the starch is removed from it-a process used in the
manufacture of macaroni, and which may be still further carried out by the cook. Yet at macaroni, which at best is only
partially starch, the victim shies like a broncho at tumbleweed.
Besides starch and gluten, wheat flour used in the making
of bread and macaroni contains vegetable fibrin, a substance
analogous to muscular fibri·n; vegetable albumen, similar to
that found in the white of an egg or in meat. These are nitrogenous substances for which the sufferer thinks he is starving.
Nitrogenous substances .are needed by the organism. They
are of great importance and are found in mZ~ ny forms in the
vegetable kingdom, from which every living being gets them
either directly or indirectly. The sufferer from carbo-hydro
phobia thinks he is dying from the want of them, while he
eats bread on which a carnivorous dog will thrive.
The two classes of food of chief importance in the vegetable
Municipal Wood Yard at Llano
world are those represented, first, by gluten in wheat, and,
second, by legumine in beans and !leas. Vegetable albumen
is to be found in turnips, carrots:cabbages and so forth. The
nutritive qualities of vegetable and animal albumen are identical.
In the dreaded starches served to the people at Llano a
chemist will tell you that you will find the following nitrogenous
substances for which our victim imagines he starves: Gluten,
in bread, macaroni, oatmeal, and other breakfast foods, togeth~r with vegetable albumen, vegetable fibrin and vegetable
casem.
We are, however, not" vegetarians-as any member of the
flock or herd will discover. We have butter, not in abundance,
not enough for our pleasure, but with salad oil and peanut
butter we make it do. None of these last mentioned contain starch, although some contain sugar, to which our organism finally converts all starch.
We eat meat occasionally, as we can afford it, also fish.
And when all is said, the time of year considered, and the
food supply cooked as it ought to be, the food of Llano will
sustain abundantly the efforts required by the men and women
here. And there is no excuse for anybody to suffer with
carbo-hydro phobia. Nature has given us in the so-called
starch foods enough of the opposite, even without meat, to
balance the ration for most of us.
�The Western Comrade
Maraziae Summar)'
Page twenty-two •
What Thinkers Think
The
Substance .of
Instructive
Articles
In
April Magazines
ATLANTIC
WORLD'S WORK
Education As Mental Discipliae.-American education is dominated by
the theory that there are general faculties of memory, reasonins and
observation which can be developed by arbitrary ·mechanical exercises.
""Content education"" holds that the subiects taught must contain elements
of specific experience, problems and activities which mean something to
the child. The child who explains that you are "not expected to understand
algebra, only to do it,"' and the hopeless failure of the language work, not
only in Latin but in English, illuminate the mistake at the bas~ of the
mental discipline idea. It has recently been computed that the efficiency
of Latin teaching in one state was between ten and fifteen per cent. Does
such a record as this guarantee training or does it indicate DAMAGE to
the mind and character? Culture studies are desirable when they are
taught in a way that makes them a permanent factor in a child"s interest.AbrahaiR Flexner.
LITERARY DIGEST
A Tuaael From Eqlaad to Fraace.-The British are now in favor of
the project of a tunnel under the Channel. If they bad it now and it
shortened the war by only two days the saving in actual money would
pay the whole cost of construction. It will be the longest tunnel in the
world, thirty-three miles long. The plan is to drive two tubes through
the lower grey chalk, which is impervious Ia moisture, and to drive
secondary tunnels which will slope in the opposite direction, being low at
the shore and high in the middle. These will drain the tunnel a nd serve lu
carry off the excavated material. With this system they can be working
at several sections of the main tunnel at the same time. It is not considered
at present that the defense of the tunnel offers any difficulties.-G. D. Knox.
Tbe Hygiene of Type.-Arthur E. Boswick calls attention to the fact
that the diminu ti ve size of the type in which books are printed is a menace
to our eyesight. Searching for books in l~rge type suitable for tired eyes
he has only been able to collect four hundred volumes. Ten point is
recommended for ordinary use. Fourteen point for tired eyes, and thirty
point for children under seven. The eye adapts itself to a standard length
of line, and wide columns invoke extra fatigue. Standardization of size
of type and width of columns is to be recommended.
PEARSON'S
Uncle Sam's Dishonest Servants.-ln discussing ou r so-called ""public
servants" I shall not mention the pension scandal nor the pork barrel. but.
I want to draw atten tion to the minor thefts of our United States Senators and Congressmen. There are laws that provide positively that a
government employe shall receive only his actual expenses when travelling on official business. Congress pays itself mileage of twenty cents a
mile and admi ts that it is excessive. Besides this, at one session wh1ch
ended at the moment the next session opened. the members not even
leaving their seats, the members were very indignant that they did not
get • the 226,000 dollars due them on mileage to and from their homes .
There is an allowance of $1500 a year for clerk hire; many members give
the largest part of this to members of their families for nominal services.
There are an immense number of sinecu res used to promote the personal
interests of Senators and Congressmen. 0Ae Federal Judge possessed of
great wealt'-, was retired on full pay, $6,500 a year. He was theh. elected
to the Senate. His average attendance has been 14 days a year. He draws
$7,500 a year for this. gets his mileage allowance and keeps an office force
at $6,000 more to make excuses .for his absence. The abuse of personal
privilege is ano ther public scandal.- R. Sackett.
POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY
A Power House as a Futurist Painter Sees lt.-The Futurists try hard
to translate motion into color and line. Miss Stevens calls her picture of
a power house, pictorial velocity. She says there has been no attempt in
art to find a method adequate to express !he vastness and stupendous activity of events today. Anything moving rapidly loses its definite form in
lines of direction. Motion and light destroy the solidity of material bodies.
Those artists who paint mechanical forms have achieved nothing of the
life, or force, or purpose of the object. The futurists make their engines
move, throb, create. Something is always happening in a futurist"s pictures and the great variety of color and changing lines helps to convey thi•
lmpression.
SATURDAY EVENING POST
Russian Democracy at Work.-Russian democracy today has the army
with it and limitless financial credit. What is less realized here, the Russian, thanks to the village Mirs, the municipal councils and the rur~l
Zemstvos, have a vital tradition of democracy and a broad experience in
self-government. The Mir is the peasant village organization, and transacts
its business on a basis of democracy and communism more direct and
simple than our Colonial town meetings. Calling themselves the group of
toil they composed a third of the first Duma and surprised all by their
political sagacity. The zemstvos a re county and provincial councils, in·
tensely and heroically democratic in their ac ti vities . Imprisoned and exiled
for their social service work by the bureaucracy, by a miracle of what
Kropotkin calls "mutual aid" they developed their ex tralegal activities
under the leadership of Prince Lvov, now premier of New Russia. In spite
of their parliamentary strength they failed to democratize
ussia because . they had not the support of the army and the internat" al bankers.
The new army has drawn its officers from the ""I
1gentzia,"" almost
wholly radical, and the bankers have come to the support of the Republic
because the Autocracy had proved a rotten reed in conducting the war.
-Arthur Bullard.
THE NEW REPUBLIC
Four justices of the United States Supreme Court believe that the
Oregon Minimum Wage law is constitutional; four believe tha t it is un constitutional. Owing to the form under which the case was appealed,
this equal division validates the 'law. If the form had been slightly different it would have been invalidated. On such precarious chances the fate
of a law of the first importance has depended. The delay of four years
consumed in fighting the case has also discouraged various groups of people
interested, and the popular impulse which started the movement has been
diverted into other channels. Nothing could bring more strikingly to ligh t
the constant peril of leaving to the Courts their present power of reviewing legislation . This is too heavy a price to pay for an antiquated
constitutional remnant of our forefathers distrust of democracies.
HARPER'S
THE OUTLOOK
The Safe and Useful Aeroplane. An Interview With. Orville Wricbt.The aeroplane, by taking the element of surprise out of warfare, will have
a tendency to make it impossible. It will also have a large share in developing the new type of civilization which will come after the war.
But extravagant claims must not be made for it. Large planes will never
be practical for the same reason that thero are no birds that compare
in size with mammals. The weight of a hird increases as its cube, whereas
the area of the wings increases as its sqtJare. The aeropl~ne surpasses
in safety and in swiftness all other means of transportation. An aeroplane sails just as well upside down. The stopping of the machine only
means that you have to volplane down. The one difficulty to deal with
is the establishing of proper landing pl~.es all over the country.
Prisoners' MaiL-In a summary showing mediaeval custom being practiced in the re•triction of the mail of the inmates of most American State
prisons, Mr. J. J . Sanders gives a report of the regulations in the different
states. Some States only allow one letter every two months. 500,000
penons pass through Americ-an prisons every year, and the prime source
ef this stream is ignorance. Everything that can awaken their intelligence
is valuable, e5pecially familiarity with current events and communication
with relatives and friends. No prison riots occur in the States where letter
writing is unrestricted. Nothing will make a person more morose than
b.:ing cut o~ fro'? his loved ones, and free communication keeps their
mmdt occupted wtth wholesome and elevating thoughts.
Commission ControL-Competitive production having failed, co-operative
production is being organized in the industrial corporations. These corporations will combine first in like industries ,and finally in the one industrial corporation of the United States. There has been a childish desire
on the part of the people to break up these combinations, but the inftexible
law of nature is behind them. Previous to government ownership the
same process of governmental administration of private corporations was
adopted in Germany. Industrial adminisiration must, however, be continuous and not subject to political uncertainties.-Charles P. Steinmetz.
COLLIER'S
�\
Boo!.
The Western Comrade
R.evlews
Page twenty-three
Reviews of Recent Readable Books
"The Chosen People"
Friends of the Mooney case and all participating in the San Francisco
and other labor fights will read with interest Sidney L. Nyburg's "The
Chosen People."
Sympathetic understanding of the complex elements
underlying the conflict between labo r and capital, a broad insight into
human nature, the ability to dissect human emotions and to tell a tale
simply, graphically and convincingly are qualities that enabled this popula r writer to produce one of the few good novels of the present year-a
novel that will stand high with the stories of any year.
1he plot centers about a Baltimore strike and the trial of a strikeleader on a trumped-up murder charge. Dr. Philip Graetz, youthful jewish
rabbi of a wealt hy synagogue, brought all of his boyish idealism to bear
in an a ttempt to bring the warring classes to harmony th rough the application of ethics a nd abstract jus tice. The strike was in the fac to ry o.
the president of his congrega tion, the only ga rment wo rks in the city that
refused to give any so rt of recognition to the union.
David Gordon, Russian J ew and prominent a ttorn ey, was hired by a
rival manufacturer to defend the accused man and supplied with unlimited
funds to maintain the strike. David took advan tage of this opportunity
to advance the union s tandin g. He showed clearly that race, religion,
ethics , justice and humanity a re all swept aside in wo rship of the great
god Profit.
The strike was allowed to go on un til the banking interests
of Balt imore found the financial interests of the city were beginning to
suffer, "when they pulled the s~s that brought the recalcitran t factory
owner to a compromise. Noi(· ,"';~re willing to have their connection wiJh
the se ttlemen t known, so the public credi t was given to Dr. Graetz, add ing
· to his fame.
This is a bald, crude statemen t of a frac tion of the dramatic situa tions
skillfully woven into a flesh and blood s tory by the genius of Mr. Nyborg.
A love story, while not the dominant element , proves a telling motive in
the th read of the novel.
Ellen, the young settlemen t nurse, agnostic and Socialist, as well as
the labor lawyer, David Gordon, revea l much of the causes and meaning
of the un res t of society. The fac tory owner asked angrily of the a ttorn ey:
'Since when, .. under Our code of laws, have innocent men been forced to
try their cases in the neWspape rs?"
"I should say," was David's bland retor t, "it became necessary immediately afte r private corporations lea rn ed to punish personal grievance~
in the Criminal Court."
"The Chosen People" is no bitterly partisan class document. The human
na tu re of the human being is not lost sight of. We are studying men,
not types. The rich fac tory owner is pictured as a bloodsucker, but the
reason he is and can be a vampire is revea led. The novel is a powerful
human do cument of profound appeal.
Mr. Nyborg holds up a magic glass which is c rys tal-clea r for the Gentile
to gaze upon the Hebrew as he is, and a t the same time a mirror inlo
which the J ew may look for a critical self-examination:
Broadness of spirit and cosmic outlook a re embodied in this readable
novel that fi nds its grippi ng theme in the heart of American industrialism.
Kussey, Greenberg and Nyburg! Wha t a debt we owe to the penetration
of these J ews in presenting their keenly analytical pic tures of the tragedy
of capitalism's mad rule.
" Th e
Soliloquy · of
a
Hermit"
have heard J ohn Cowper Powys lecture, a nd his soul-s tirring message
was jus t wha t the read ing of his inimitable essays in "Visions and Re visions" and "Suspended judgments" would lead one to expect-the poet,
.rti>t and orator in one combination. But he did not receive all of the
family genius. as his older brother, Theodore Francis Powys, contributes
an unusually fine monograph "The Soliloquy of a Hermit ." Thomas
a' Kempis, Marcus Au relius and Epictetus have their modern projection in
the confessions of this English farmer, contented to live his life apart
from the mad ambitions of the world. " I am not here to do right or
wrong, or to leach anyone ; I am here to live," he writes. This comradl'!.:
who wears the badge of Socialism, wonders "if we shall ever understand
tha t the world is not made for wo rk, but for joy."
Mr. Powys is not a slave to dogmatic assertions and beliefs. He JS
primitive enough to be swayed by the moods that come to him. Here
is a comrade after my own heart, truly. The only way to transfer the
cl1arm of the 143 pages of the little book would be to quote it entirely.
I wondered what the author was "driving at" when first I began to
browse through the unchaptered thread of the soliliquy. Perhaps I don't
8Y
o.
sobspa
know yet. But on the way I paused frequently to gather a rich bit . of
ripe fruitage which tasted ambrosial to my parched intellectual palate.
In our swing away from the grossness of materialism and the grossness
of spirituality we welcome such sane philosophers of life as it is.
.
"I f
...
Wishes We re
J:i o r s e s "
The Countess of Barcynska, while not a brilliant writer, is always interesing and possesses a rare faculty of understanding human nature that
is lacking many of the more spectacular rhetoricians. She won her way
to recognition through such books as "The Little Mother Who Sits at
Home," and "The Honey Pot." In "If Wishes Were Horses" she gives
a picture of English life that is photographic in its realism. It tells of
Martin Leflley, towards whom I feel as amiable as I do towards a few
weak-souled clerks I have had to work among in my days. He was a
" cheap" clerk, with boss-worshipping propensities; a selfish ambition, a
certain little abil~ty to play the game for all it is wo rth, gained for him
a rapid rise. But his main "asset" (he considered her in such light) was
his wise, unselfish wife, whose only fault was the idolizing of the brute
who married her for his physical comfort. An aunt who dealt in secondhand clothing, and whose money was more welcome than her presence, was
another fac tor in his development. This self-made thing in pants became
successful in business and by trimming his sails so as no t to damage big
business sailed into the right to string an M. P. after his name, by the
grace of the Socialist and radical vote. But there came a time when all
did no go so smoothly, and in the midst of the catastrophe which overtook
him he learned the real meaning of his wife's love. The shallowness and
pretense of the modern social life is powerfully depicted. The charaders
are real, the situations na tural and the novel strongly written, the powerful
lessons and the story elements being skillfully blended.
,. ,. ,.
"The Library of Original Sources"
A revival of mo re active enthusiasm for "The Library of Original
Sources·· itt one of the impera tive needs of radic alism _!!!_ the critical p~riod
CJf today.
This most monument al compilation of source material ever
made had a sale of many, many thousands a few years ago, and h>'
<:ontinued a~ a s teady selle r ever since. For the sake of the movement it
should, howe\er, be even more widely spread .
There a re tens of thousands of new and young thinkers in the Socialist,
rahonalist and labor movements who should be intimately familiar wtih
this bible of hi. torical research. The collection is nothing less than a
bible. Think of reading the message direc tly from the people in the development of history- the histo ry often purposely and nearly always misrepresented in commentaries written cenluries later. Read the source
material and interpret for yourselves.
"The Library of Original Sources" grew f rom the needs of college professors for source material. Nothing comprehensive along this line had
ever been published in the world. So scores of the grea test scholars
labored for years to produce this fundamental collection. Ancient tablet.
and monuments yielded their inscriptions. Manuscripts from libraries all
over the world, state archives and musty recorda yielded the cream of
the world's documentary evidence of hi•toric progress of the ages.
The resulting aeries of ten large royal octavo volumes, bound in black
India shecp•kin, has stood the test of years and stands today an unquestioned authority. I have heard it settle arguments in the college dai sroom; have listened to its message from the lips of the soap-boxer, have
heard it quoted in park and street arguments on every side in city and
country in many states.
The illustrations are appropriate to the tex t and are in themselves
a liberal education.
The political and economic by no means exhaust the possibilities of the
library. Religious, social and every phase of human activity are treated
with an equal thoroughness as the economic. The set indeed constitutes
"a library," and the facts represent the cream of human documents of
every age.
jus t a word to fasten this review to earth. The library can be secured
for about one-half its original price for a short time, on easy monthly
payments. Sounds like adverti&ement, dosn't it? Does the Mohammedan
"advertise'' the Koran, or the Socialist the "Communist Manifesto"} The
"Library of Original Sources" is a world clanic and beyond "advertising"
in the ordinary sense. My best propaganda is to stimulate interest in such
landmarks of progress. A syllabus and outline of readings is furnished
fr~e with every aet.
�J
~age twenty-four
Women's
Deparimeni
A Pioneer Woman's .View
- - - FfER all the spirit is the thing. At first the n velty
A
of the place-tent life, early rising, supplying the
wood and water--carried me over the hard places,
and as long as I could see the mirages in the early
morning and the glorious sunsets in the evenings, with the everchanging lights and colors on the ·Buttes north of the Colony
during the day, I was happy, lifted, carried out of myself and
away from such minor troubles as bodily fatigue and physical
di scomforts.
A dreamer, you say? I admit it. All my life I have cultivated my natural ability to lose myself for the time being
in the beauties of the universe about me. It is a sort of insulation I carry against the too rude shocks and jars of life.
But let me also admit my extremely practical side lest you
misjudge me. For many weeks I worked in the dining room
and kitchen and a right good record did I make.
iiere I began to feel that it was vitally necessary to work
out the ro-<>perattve commonwealth without delay. There
were people who were so shut up within themselves that they
could not ask for what they wanted courteously or pleasal)tly;
nor did they demand what they wished, they merely watched
~ullen ly. and if one person was se rved a bit more in quantity
or more pleasa ntly than himself there was an immediate complaint. This in spite of the fact that all the service was a;
nearly equable as possible. Women came whose faces were
hard and bitter and who all but frowned if one wished them
a good mornin g in passing.
All of this was most puzzling at first until it dawned upon
me that these imprisoned souls were the direct result of the
capitalist system . So long had they been oppressed and defrauded that fhey felt each little oversight as a direct slight,
and they seemed to suspect each frendly word or smile as
presaging further exploitation.
Ri ght then and there my heart and mind took such a firm
sta nd for co-operative living that it will last as long as time
lasts for me.
As Ruth LePrade says in her wonderful poem, "We cannot
mount alone," a nd in other places in the same poem, "As
long as one man is sorrowful and broken I, too, am sorrowful
and broken." "As long as one soul is weak I, too, am weak,"
"As long as one small child sobs in the night my heart will
answer, sobbing too."
This expressed my feeling clearly. Of what avail was all
the culture, all the knowledge, all the luxury or comfort I could
put into my own personal life while there were people in the
world so deeply hurt?
I kn ew then that I could never again work for myself alone
- even my single handed efforts for my own family would
never be enough henceforth.
Up to this point in my life my idea of helping humanity
had been by the charity route, but a .course of several years
in that sort of work had thoroughly convinced me that charity
fails to solve social problems.
Humanity does not need uplifting. It needs a clear, sympathetic understanding of its problems and then must follow,
so it seems to me, united effort, standing shoulder to shoulder
tb work out the answer. Here in Llano I found this condition
and I was glad to turn in and help. By the time I realized
the ideals and the truly remarkable way the work was reacting
on individuals I was committed to it forever.
It is difficult, standing at the end of nearly two years' effort,
The
Western
Comrade
By Mildred G. Buxton
to trace the way step by step--but .as I look about at my
friends who have developed and grown to spiritual heights
they would never have attained by working for themselves
alone-as I realize my own growth-! see how tremendously
worth while it is.
Take our situation from any angle you wish-and there
are many angles for a woman to consider that do not enter
in~o a man's calculation: A man may dream the big dreams
without considering the details that go into the everyday living
of them and it remains but for the woman tG follow along.
She, too, may have a glimpse of the vision, but in the face
of the pioneer hardships it is a brave woman who can face
the personal discomforts.
We are all considerably bound by them; but, after all ,
our foremothers faced them and came through royally and
brought up families that are a sufficient proof of the sterling
worth of these women. Have we modern women been so
weakened by our very comforts and luxuries that we have
no courage left upon which to live whiie we are working out
our great dream? Most other pioneer women had no such
dream to hearten them at their tasks. At best, their hope was
but to advance towards personal success. If personal success
is worth ' all the hardships the real pioneers had to endure-·
how much more worth while is it to know that we shall gain
not only the personal success of a good home, a steady income, good education for our children and a free, happy
social life, but that we are working out a basis or plan by
which all mankind can free itself so that all who are willing
to work may have the same advantages?
But to return to the personal side for the woman. We
women have a narrow outlook on life and are bounded on
at least three sides by pots an:d pans. More than any other
complaint I have ·heard this : "If I only had a sink and running water!" It is hard to do without such necessary luxuries
as these, but I decided not to let ·a sink or the lack thereof
bound me on the fourth side. That side must be kept free
and clear to enable me to see the vision and maintain an
open pathway to my ideals.
Always I had admired noble women, those I knew and those
I had read about who had struggled throu.gh hardships of one
sort and another to attain a desired end, and I had dreamd
vainly of the time when the children would be grown, the
household cares less depressing and I, too, could develop the
latent possibilities I felt within myself.
In Llano I began to rearrange my life in its proper relation
to my ideals. Housework has taken its proper place as a
means to ah ·end and not as the end itself. Stories of people
living in tents in the dese rt or mountains had always held ·
an interest for me-their hardships and the spirit in which
they bore them were the measure of their triumph. Through
struggles with my weaknesses I came to realize that theirs
was no empty triumph. It isn't easy, but then, what real
success in life is easy? Many of us drift into our life's work
and make many changes as we go along. I choose to follow
the definite path of co-operation, the working out of the great
dream of mankind, equality and brotherhood.
Once the husband has decided upon a course to follow, the
woman must consider every question from two standpoints:
What will it do for my children? What will it do for myself?
In answer to the first it seems to me that Llano children
learn most valuable lessons about life and living. First, that
�\
)
I
The We f tern Comrade
Women'• Dep:t:tmeaf
the greatest good for the greatest number is an important rule
in life. If the commissary were short, for instance, all would
share alike. Also they lind that community interest is a• real
thing and one not lightly to be disturbed. They· learn, too,
that the service an individual renders to the community is the
measure of his worth and that he takes his own measure. No
amount of "front" avails one here-if we wish favors we must
earn them. In other words, we are valuable in proportion
to what we give to the colony, not in what we take from it,
as is the rule in the outside world.
I mention these things first because they have impressed me
as exceedingly valuable lessons for children to learn.
Then there is the matter of health. I have found overflowing measure for my children. And the snow-covered,
somewhat austere mountains to the south, the more friendly,
colorful Buttes on the north, with the misty blue Tehachapi
range in the distance, form an environment of grandeur and
natural beauty that cannot fail to react on the character
and imagination of the children.
There remains now the one question, as to the effect on
the woman herself. Our judgments are usually formed as a
result of our own experience, so perhaps I shall be pardened
if I remain personal. I have believed from the first that the
women in this community have the opportunity to live closer
to their ideals than in any other place in the world. I still
believe it. The community ideals are a great help and there
is no reason why we women cannot begin here and now to
develep ourselves and our children as we have always dreamed
of doing. We shall not succeed at once and there will be
many times of depression when it seems too hard, but when
I stop to think I remember that these periods of depression
are not at all peculiar to Llano.
It seems to me that one's ·friends in the "outside world"
should be in about the same financial elevation as oneself,
other things being equal. In Llano, our plan of equal incOil\es
regulates that automatically and I believe that the time will
come very soon when such feelings as envy will be unknown.
And to a woman with limited means the heartache that comes
from constant association with women who have everything
in the world to do with is a serious matter and the little feeling
that comes with it almost excusable.
Let me tell you one more little decision of my own on the
personal side and I will stop. One of my earnest desires has
been to grow old gracefully. It hurts me to see women mincing along aping the clothes and manners of young girls after
they have reached the thoroughly respectable and lovable age
of older women. I want to be young as long as I can, but
it must be the youth of the heart, and when the wrinkles
come I want them to be the sincere ones caused by earnest
thought and friendly smiles.
Perhaps the wrinkles come a bit sooner to women in Llano
than outside, but they are wrinkles of character and are sincere records of our lives. Many persons have spoken of the
lack of worry lines in the faces of our people; the mask-like
face that hides all worries is not here, either, for the ordinary
worry that plays such havoc with a woman's good looks is
lacking. So I mean to convey that here we can show our
true character in our faces to the end, and, meeting honest,
kindly faces all around, it must follow that our own will take
on the beau!y of earnest endeavor in a great cause.
For Women Only
OULD you like to have a pretty mouth? Of course
you would, and I am going to tell you how to get
one without paying a dollar down and a dollar a
___ month for the rest of your natural life.
I had always read, just as you have, that beauty is only
skin deep, and I took it in, as I always do those wise saws
that may or may not be true, and repeated it sagely when
I thought it sounded well. But I did not realize what it really
meant until I began to eat at cafeterias for a while; one
merning it dawned upon me that the muscles under the skin
have as much to do with our beauty as anything else and
that if they are properly trained the skin over them will surely take on some of the grace of the action properly performed.
Have you ever noticed the peculiar little pouches that form
at the sides of many mouths? Well, I did the morning that
I made the great discovery, and it was simply this: That
W
Left, a musical citizen of Uano.
most people fill their mouths too full and in the effort to cover
it decently while they are masticating their food they draw
the muscles i"nto an unnatural position that gradually results
in those horrid pouches that every woman dreads. When I
saw these mouths in action I tested it for myself, not once,
but many, many, times, and proved to my entire satisfaction
that it lies absolutely within the power of every women to
have a pretty mouth if she will take small bites of food and
chew them well. Try it. Look about you well, first at your
fri"ends and enemies, then try the remedy and you will find
yourself on a track that will not only pay you handsome dividends in the way of a pretty mouth, but the pleasure of eating
delicately will lend a refinement to the countenance; you can
converse more pleasantly and elegantly than when the mouth
is full; and, lastly, you will eat less and feel much better,
thereby swatting the H. C. of L.
Other pictures .show some· ll!Calt arrivals at Uano. lbose shown on the right are alwayf ...en logdher.
�Page twenty-six
Co-operatioa
-Industrial Education
- - - CLOSE observer of the educational actiVIties of the
past few years could not fail to have noted a tendency on the part of private and independent educators to turn their attention more and more to technical trades and industrial occupations, rather than to literature, art and the professions. This has been largely in re-·
sponse to a demand for such technical training from the
children of the poor, whose common school education was
left unfinished in the industrial struggle for existence. Under
these conditions the privately owned trades and correspondence schools entered the educational field. Their special
function was to qualify the wage earner quickly for the higher
sala ried positions -in commercial and industrial occupations,
a rich field left practically untouched by the public schools.
They capitalized the function of the public school; but it
is always a notable fact that when private individuals undertake to perform a public fu'lction for profit they seize first
upon th at portion of it which promises the greatest revenue
to themselves and exploit it to the limit of the people's
patience. Dividing the educative energies of the nation into
two parts-one, the common school system, operated by the
public and supported by direct taxation; and one operated
by private interests, the business colleges, trades and correspondence school s, supported by a schedule of tuition fees
--has resulted in a loss of potential energy to the former.
Private trades and correspondl"nce schools operated for profit
in this age of our national life are as much an anachronism
as wou ld be the farm ing out of taxes. But a public function improperly performed forces the people to undertake its
performance in their private capacity, and this opens the
door for ·- the irrespo nsibl e exploiter.
The public school is many years behind the times in economic thought and industrial teaching, although it cannot be
said to be a failure (as some have charged) so much in what
it has done as in what it has left undone. It was adapted to
the age in which it was fir st established (the wild ass days of
our forefathers in the Indian wars period), but its development has not kept pace with the progress of science .a nd industry. Pract ically speaking, it is where and what it was at
that time. This backward condition may be traced to the
fact that land necessary for industrial education has never
been provided for public school USE. Land was set aside
by the gove rnment in overflowing measure to support the
school system. but it was always sold to the credit of the
school fund and the money filtered back to the school through
the cupped fin ge rs of political rings. The land itself was ne ve r
put under the direct control and use of the schools for
industrial-educational purposes and for the maintenance of
students and faculty . That there is a growing need for land
for the public schools for such purposes is manifesting itself
in the systemless and unsupervised offering of prizes to rural
students in many states for the best results in agricultural and
animal productions. It is the evolution of the public school
moving onward to its destiny; but in the movement, which
as yet seems only to be i·n the direction of more "efficient"
farming, capitalism and individualism are unconsciously sowin ~ the seed that will eventually overgrow and destroy themselves. The urban dweller, the landless student, however, does
not en joy these privileges and benefits; and free access to
land, supervised industrial-education, and maintenance employment are three essentials to a complete educational system.
A
The Western Comrade
By CI i n t o n B a n c r o f t
Today aspmng students without means to acquire a complete education (a condition for which they are altogether
blameless, as their age and opportunities will show), but whose
ambitions urge them to an active, industrial life, are expected
to find maintenance employment under the competitive wage
system, and, finding none, the result is undereducated workers.
Society (the government) in its public educational plan should
guarantee this maintenance employment to all during the
school period of their lives-to those with abundant means
as well as to those with none. Maintenance labor should be
required of all alike (of the rich as well as of the poor),
and none should be made to feel that it is due to pove~ty,
ignoble, or degrading, but that it is an essential part of their
education, health-insuring, mind-enriching and ennobling.
"But," says a reactionary political economist, "would you
have the public school system furnish employment and continue to educate the children of the poor until they were
qualified to fill any position in life they desired to occupy?
And how would land be acquired in sufficient quantity? Our
free school system would break down under such a strain
as that."
That is exactly what we would have it do. Nothing less.
Thomas Paine said, speaking of the people of his time: "A
long habit of NOT thinhng a thing wrong gives it a superficial appearance of being right and raises at first a great _
commotion in defense of custom. But the tumult soon subsides. Time makes more converts than reason." And for
society to leave a part of its young people to ·struggle with
the limited opportunities offered them under competition to
gain their education, and to permit a large part of the balance
to be educated in private schools operated for profit, is one of
those chronic habits of "not thinking a thing wrong" until age
has given it a "superficial appearance of being right." It is
now generally admitted that less than I 0 per cent of all children who enter school pass beyond the grammar grade. The
90 per cent consists chiefly of the children of the toiling
workers of the world. If education is good for the few, the
I 0 per cent, it is good for the many, the 90 per cent; and
the public school must measure up to such ethical standard
or fall far short of attaining its real educational power and
usefulness. Less than this would leave the system still incomplete; nor would the school system break down . And
there is no "free school;" that is a misnomer; the people
pay for all the education their children receive, and under the
present wasteful methods and administration they do not receive in educational value all t_h ey pay for. Every individual
educated in the so-called "free school," who later in life produces that which adds to the wealth of the nation, repays
the public for his education. And a rightly educated pee~'!
is a social asset.
As to land: When there is a general demand for land
deemed necessary for school purposes, the people will find
ways and means to secure it. But suppose, as a beginning,
the states or the Congress should enact a simple law or constitutional emendment to the effect that:
"Whenever any individual or corporation shall by gift.
bequest, grant. deed, or otherwise, convey to the State of
the title to any piece or tract of land for which
the purpose and consideration named in such conveyance shall
be declared to be Industrial Education and the Common Good,
such land shall thereafter become and be held to be the
�l
/
The Western Comrade
•
Co-ope~ ~li on
property ~f the school district in which it is situated, and shall
be subject to the control of the board of school directors.
"And such land shall not be sold thereafter.'
There are many tracts of land today that would be given
or bequeathed to the public school if the owners were assured
that such land would be devoted to educational purposes only,
and not sold or diverted to private interest for profit.
Then suppose a Congress of Educators should organize-a
non-dividend-paying corporation with the property holding
powers of a modern university, and that through such a -responsible agency the people should raise funds and purchase
land in locations suitable for their plans, and, having cleared
the title and prepared the property for industrial-educational
purposes. the corporation should deed it to the state for the
common good whenever a majority of the people in the com- '
munity interested should demonstrate by their choice of school
directors that they were ready and understandingly competent
to operate it successfully.
Suppose that, following the enactment of such a law, many
tracts of land should be given to the public schools and colleges generally throughout the United States for use in teaching technical trades, agriculture and stock-raising for use, and
that all the products of these lands above the maintenance
and compensation of the students and workers should be devoted to extendil'lg the work and scope of the school, and to
the building of "free homes" for fatherless children and their
mothers on such land to be occupied by them during their
educational period.
Suppose these educational centers, with plenty of land for
practical purposes, should initiate a series of experiments in
co-operative home building by students learning the building
trades;" in co-operative -production and distribution of the
necessaries of life as an economic means to level the high
cost of living; in co-operative banking and exchange and of
labor as the true basis of value of the money of the future, with
the purpose in view of determining what is the common good,
what is industrial justice, questions for the educational powers
of a great and wealthy nation to solve. Would it result unjustly to any to have them answered?
Suppose villages and cities should grow around these educational centers with a new perspective of industrial life,
and that the Mothers of the land, to whom lawmaking powers
will soon be generally given, should determine that their children should not be dwarfed and maimed and stunted in body
and intellect to satisfy corporate greed for profit, and should
then decree that no person under the age of twenty-one years
should be employed in factory, mill, mine, store or office
operated for private profiL What changes would be made
in the present order of industry, in thought, in system, in
laws, and in the administration of law and justice?
Ownership of productive land by the school, together with
cheap and rapid transportation, enjoyed by some communities,
would result in the geographical transformation of many districts and the establishing of educational centers where the
chief occupation of the people would be educating the rising
generation and improving the race. The work of supplying
the people of these centers with a large part of the things
they daily needed would be conducted under the supervision
of the school as a part of its educational plan. Teachers and
students, all would practice daily what they taught and studied.
Under such regime all would work at least two or three hours
daily in some useful and productive occupation according to
age, strength and ambition . School hours would not be
observed with the tyrannous discipline of the past, the hours
of such service being credited to school attendance. School
Page twenty-seven
life would thus be made an attractive pleasure to the pupil
instead of a perfunctory duty.
In the evolution of industry from capital-ownership to cooperative ownership by the workers (from indlv.idualism to
Socialism): the lessons of service for the common good, of
the necessity for free access to land by the workers, of the
power and economy of co-Operation, of the ethics of mutual
exchange of labor values, of industrial justice, of educational
freedom-all these will find a place in the curriculum of the
public school in time. But industrial education in trades
schools operated for profit is practically only the training of
wage slaves for capitalism to exploit. The ideals of industrial
life (freedom and justice to the workers) are not set forth
in their claims for patronage and are impossible of realization;
MEDICAL ATTENTION at Llano is a social service and is free to Llano
residents. Eventually this department will take in every school of healing.
whereas a ll ideals-educational, industrial, economic, social
and moral- are possible of realization to a people united upon
common ownership of land. But without It, in vain will the
lessons of social labor and social justice be pictured before
students who see but do not understand ; in vain will the truths
and philosophy of Socialism fall on ears that hear but do not
comprehend. But this need not be. For now let the educators
and voluntary co-operators unite in a demand for Land for the
Public Schools, and join their lawmaking powers, their organizing powers and their labor (economic) power in a general movement to secure it, and the school would solve the
problem of the conflicting interests of labor and capital, and
also many of the lesser social and economic problems that
perplex and vex humanity everywhere.
�Page twenty-eight
Aericaltare
The Western Comrade
Llano Soil and Water
T
HE soil in this portion of the Antelope Valley is covered with joshua Yuccas, greasewood, sage and wild
1 buckwheat for the most part.
The great solitary,
- - - sentinel-like Yuccas, some of them hundreds of years
old, dot the plains below and the slope to the southward. 'JA..ey
are not deeply rooted and are easily pulled up. The greasewood is also light and easily cleared from the land. The sage
and buckwheat are what the bees feed on largely.
The process of clearing is simple. Four horses are hitched
to two long railroad rails, which they drag back and forth
over the field, effectually uprooting virtually all vegetation.
Four horses with a specially constructed brush rake string it in
long windrows, where it is burned. Thus with eight horses and
three men five acres can be cleared each day, the estimated
cost being about $4.00 an acre, though the actual cash cost
is much less than that. The land is worth, before clearing,
about $12.00 an acre, and the usual price for clearing is
$10.00 an acre.
The necessary work to level for cropping is perhaps less than
the average over the country; certainly it is not more·. The
value of the land increases greatly from year to year by reason of the work placed upon it. Those who come from prairie
countries do not at first realize the work that has been done
in Llano. They cannot visualize what has been done, and the
value that has thereby been added to the land.
The acreage available to Llano is practically without a limit.
To say we have a thousand acres, ten thousand acres, or
thirty thousand acres, is not giving a very Clear idea. Only
when it has been seen can one realize the great extent, and
what a thousand acres really means.
Irrigation in Llano is being sys-tematized wonderfully. Miles
of cobble and lime ditches are being constructed, and many
miles will be completed as time goes on. It is the easy, efficient way of handling the water.
Irrigation specialists ~ay that the easy slopes, the water
retentiveness of the soil, and the short ditches required because
of- the nearness of the source ·of water supply, make it remarkably easy to irrigate the land here, compared with what irrigation means in many places. The ditches are permanent. The
longest dirt ditch is only three miles, though longer ditches
than this will be necessary eventually. The cobble ditches, of
which the longest is half a mile, are a complete success, and
ultimately the ranch will be a networ.k of these cobble and
lime ditches.
During the winter season the land is thoroughly soaked with
water. This makes it require less during the summer. Plans
are being worked out to conserve every drop of water. The
tunnel is being cleaned and will probably be extended, when
it will give a greater flow of water. This work will develop
a great deal of water and will be preliminary to the building
of the storage reservoir at the dam site, which will not be built
until absolutely required.
The soil is characterized as being of a residual formation;
it is of decayed granite and quartz, which disintegrated into
soil where they lay. The land is comparatively smooth with
a good grade from north to south. The quality is of the best
a nd, according to the agriculturists, will produce any crop that
the climate permits of being grown, though some soil building ·
is required for gardening and some other crops. There is
practically no limit to the depth of the soil. It is rich in lime
and different mineral salts and is greatly benefited by cultivation. It is of sufficient porosity and ranges from light 5andy
soil to a sandy loam, holds water well, has almost perfect
drainage, and is easily worked as a whole.
The Thing in Itself
"One cannot remember the name of every town."
"Where ya' goin'?"
"South, where the winters are warmer. I sleep in the open
and must guard my health."
"Why'nt you get a job somewhere 'n settle down, A strappin' fellow like you?"
"The job, I have always with me. To settle as you say-"
his azure eyes deepened into wistfulness- "as to tha t I must
not because of my weakness."
"Drink or dope? You don't look it."
He shook his head.
"Women?"
Again he shook his head. "I throttled my passtons when
was twenty."
The marshal scratched his head. Here sure was a queer
nut! Interesting too!
"Well, what's your weakness, then? Laziness, I guess."
"I am prone to form binding ties. To love people. I move
always so that there will be no ties to w~o me from my work."
"Wh~t's this work that you're always talkin' about. What
do ya do for a living?"
"Ah! It is the things that I must do for my living-to earn
my few handfuls of food, my shoes, my shirt, the warm clothes
that I must have to do my work- -it is these .things that tear
me from my work. It is deplorable that I must waste so much
By Wesley Zornes
(c~~tin~f~om .P~iL~Q)
time from my task, when I am thirty-seven, and at the most
have not more than fifty years in which to complete it."
"Well, what the devil is it?"
"Preparing my book."
"It must be a damn big book if it takes fifty years to
write it."
"Not more than a dozen pages. Truth is brief when once
discovered. I have assigned myself only five years in which
to write it. That gives me forty years longer to prepare it.
and five years to wait for my passing. With care, it will be
given me to live long."
"You sure look healthy. But ain't we all liable to accidents?"
"It is so. But still , who knows ? I may be able to continue
beyond the transition."
"I guess he's one of them crazy spiritualists." This from
the "marvelous specimen."
"Whatcha' go in' to call your book?"
"'The Thing in Itself.' "
"Some name, too," with a wink at his subordinate.
"It is indeed. But I ·am not so mad as to expect to grasp
more than one phase of it.''
"Oh, you ain't, eh ?"
He bowed his head. "Ah, no!" It will not burst upon me
in the splendor of its entirety. The humble devotion of a
million petty lives like mine would not be worthy of a reward
so matchless as that! But if I surrender to my purpose all
�Th e West e rn C o mr ade
Page twenty-nine
I hold most dear-love, fellowship, adulation, bodily comforts
-and endure this-" his blue eyes raising to the grinning
faces before him-"scorn, ridicule, misunderstanding, persecution, loneliness-and still do not despair, still seek in all
humility and patience~then, then 1 shall -have paid the price!
I shall not behold the Thing in Itself, but--" his face was
suffused with a wonderful smile- "Its shadow will fall for
a single moment across. me, and I shall know an ecstasy that
shall compensate for all. That is what I shall put into my
book of twelve pages, the flitting of the shadow of the Thing
in Itself."
Absorbed in thought he stood silent, then- "Gentlemen,
have you done with me? I wish to return to my work."
"Why, yes, I guess so, partner. You seem harmless enough.
But keep off of private property, or we'll run you in."
Courage
It takes great courage just to train
To modern service your ancestral brain;
To lift the weight of old, unnumbered years,
Of dead men's habits, methods, and ideas;
To hold them back with one hand,
And with the other sustain the weak steps
Of a new thought.
It takes courage to bring your life up square
With the accepted thought a.nd hold it there,
Resisting the inertia that drags it back
From new attempts to the old habit's track;
It is so easy to drift back, to sink,
So hard to live abreast of what you think.
It takes great courage to live where you .belong
When other people think that you are wrongPeople you love and who love you, and whose
Approval is a pleasure you would choose.
To resist this pre~su re and succeed at length
In living your belief- Well, it takes strength
Wanted---A Comrade
\
to take over a thirty-acre ranch and provii:le for two old people
a few years, and have the farm for pay.
A little capital and good reference required.
Address : S. Whipple, R.F.D\ N ~ 1, Box 25, El Centro, Cal.
•
.'1.
.
WANT JAN.
1~14
COMRADE!
Cj The files in the office of the WESTERN COMRADE lack the
Anyone having a copy will please
communicate with the Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
JANUARY, 1914, number.
"And the razor? May I have -it? It cost me a wasted day."
The marvelous specimen returned it with tolerant condescension. "Here it is, Grandpa. Don't cut yourself. Hope
you finish the Thing-urn-a-Bob. You better quit wastin'. your
time Iookin' at vines or you won't finish lt."
"If I could find what makes the tendril seek its support
with such trembling eagerness inst~ad of growing away from it,
I would almost know the Thing in Itself. I am searching among
the plants now. In ten years I begin to seek among humanity.
You rrtay see me then."
The door closed softly. The marshal threw back his head.
" 'The Thing in Itself.' Some name! Ha ! Ha! "
And the marvelous specimen echoed, "Ha! Ha! He sure
is some nut! Ho! Ho!"
By Mrs. C. P. Stetson
And courage, too. But what is courage
Save strength to help one face a pain foreseenCourage to resist the lifelong strain
Of setting yours against your grandsire's brain;
Dangerous risk of walking lone and free
Out of the easy paths that used to be?
But the Greatest Courage ma n has ever known
Is daring to cut loose and think alone!
Dark as the unlit chambers of clear space
Where light shines back from unreflected face.
But to think new takes courage grave and gnm
As led Columbus over the earth's rim.
It takes great love to train a human heart
To live beyond the others and apart.
A love that is not shallow is not small;
Is not for one or two, but for them all;
A love tllat can wound love for its higher need,
A love that can leave love though the heart bleed;
A love that ca n lose love, family and friend,
And live steadfastly, loving to the end.
"Celebrating May Day at Llano"
-======--=--=---- -. ·The June WESTERN COMRADE will tell of the
May Day celebration which combined the third birthday of the Colony, the fifth birthday of the WESTERN
COMRADE and International Labor Day. It was
fittingly observed, and the photos will give a splendid idea of Llano social life.
There will be many other interesting things told
about the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony as well
as articles of general Interest, education, and Comrade Job Harrima n's thought-begetting editorials.
�v
\. I.
Page thirty
The
Western
Comrade
Llano Celebrated Achievement
Aditorial by the Circulation Manager
How will the people take over the
industries?
Won't a few gain control?
And the objections are:
You can't have ·common ownership of land.
You can't work a ranch on an
eight-hour day.
You've got to have a boss.
Socialism destroys the home.
There'll be no incentive.
You've heard lots more of them.
Heretofore you've had to answer with
theories. Llano furnishes facts. Llano
is constructive, practical, growing, virile, young. Llano people have learned
much in the three years they have been
practicing the theories of Socialism.
They answer every objection, every
question.
The Western Comrade and the
Llano Colonist tell about what is being
Each month it is hoped the Western done. They show how co-operation
Comrade will become a more and more succeeds. They tell of accomplishinteresting magazine. It should occupy ment. An d it is because of this that
the foremost place in the radical field the Llano Publications have grown.
Straight-from-the-shoulder Socialism
today. It tells the sto ry in which we
are all interested, the story of which no they teach, the pure, unadulterated
article. Yet they do not call names,
other publication can tell.
do not indulge in bitter criticism, do
THAT IS ACHIEVEMENT.
not participate in party disputes.
Facts are demanded today. SocialThe Llano gardens a re an example
ist theories are good, but the people in concrete Socialism. So are the
dema nd more. They want to know if printing department, the cannery, the
they will work. And we must answer dairy, a nd every other institution in
that question satisfactorily and direct- Llano. As little lessons in Socialism
ly. No evasion will do. We must cite they are unparalleled. You can interest
examples. Whether it is just or unjust anyone in such lessons as these.
to ask us to do this, it is the question
Socialists have looked forward to
asked of us, and we must meet it. We the coming of the Co-operative Comhave no other choice.
monwealth. They have prophesied
Has anyone ever asked you:
much from it.
They said it would take care of the
Can the workers manage industry?
orphaned, the aged, the sick.
Will Socialism work?
Llano does that.
They said it would provide employCan you have a uniform wage
scale?
ment for all.
Who'll do the dirty work?
Llano does that.
- - -oRE than the traditional ohservance of International Labor day was in the minds of
- - residents of Llano when they
celebrated May I st.
It was the third birthday of Llano.
It was the fifth birthday of the
Western Comrade.
As to Llano- three years of achievement are behind her; a splendid future lies ahead.
As to the Western Comrade-behind
is a clean record; no radical publica·
tion has such a radiant future.
The Western Comrade is steadily
gainin g in circulation. And one of the
most significant facts is that nearly
every reader renews his subscription
when it expires.
The reason is a good one. The
Western Comrade tells him of the
things he wishes to know.
MI
They said it would give old age and·
mothers': pensions.
Llano does that.
They said it would bring hope to
people.
Llano does that.
The things that Socialists dreamed
of, worked for, voted for, agitated for
-these are being achieved in Llano.
Every reader of the Western Cemrade should help to spread an interest
in Socialism. You can interest your
friends, your neighbors, your workmates, .your associates, even your employer, when .you can s'how literature
telling of the achievements of these
principles.
The COLONIST and the COMRADE do this.
The triumphs of the principles you
believe in depend on the education of
the people. There are no better mediums for this than the Llano Publications.
Will you get one additional reader
this month?
It is asking little of you, but it is
asking you to do what you believe is
right. We must have your help. We
must spread the news of "Co-operation in Action."
The COMRADE has grown, so has
the COLONIST. But they must grow
more and more rapidly. Already they
wield an influence greater than any
other papers, proport~onate · to their
stze.
Will you help make them more influential?
The COLONIST is 50c a year, or
$1.00 for a club of three. The COMRADE is 75c a year, or 50c in clubs
of four or more.
Both to one address are $1.00 a
year or 75c in clults of four or more.
Canadian rates are $1.00 a year for
either the COMRADE or the COLONIST. No club rates apply outside of
the United States.
�\.
The
Western
)
Comrade
Page thirty-one
I Need $10,000
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FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.
TO ENlARGE MY RAPIDLY GROWING BUSINESS
My businen is a standard, conservatively managed businen.
It is growing so
rapidly that in order to keep up with the increased dem..,d
I must have larger equipment throughout. This requires an
immediate outlay of capital.
There is every prospect that WITHIN FIVE YEARS IT WILL
BE THE lARGEST BUSINESS OF IH KIND IN THE UNITED
STATES.
The product in one line has been multiplied by three in 1i1e
last ten month•; a newly established line has grewn amazingly.
I have had to tum away a great deal of profitable business
because my equipment has been inadequate to handle this new
It has been established about five years.
business.
I am a Socialist. I want to borrow this capital from
Socialists.
I CAN GIVE FIRST CLASS SECURITY.
I estimate that $10,000 will equip a new plant completely.
The money will be used for this purpose.
I want to borrow it either in a lu~np sum or in smaller sums.
Have you a small sum you wish to invest where it will be
used by a comrade, and where it will be well protect.d)
Write me for full details. and let me know what sum you will
loan if the security is satisfactory to you.
Please address: John D. McGregor, care of Western Comrade,
Llano. California.
-Advertisement
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household
from all Eastern points
About Manuscripts
to California
Only typewritten material ""or that written with ink will be given
consideration.
Goods
_
Please put your name and address and date on manuscripts.
The WESTERN COMRADE does not pay cash at present.
Members of the Llano del Rio Colony will find it especially
advantareous to make their shipments through the
P lease sta te if you desire return of manuscript.
The COMRADE is always glad to consider contributions, but nothing
of a controversial nature will be printed.
J UDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
What Are You Good For?
443 Marquette bldg, Chicago; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York;
640 Old South bldg, Boston ; 435 Olive r bldg, Pittsburg; 1537
Did you ever try to find out?
Boatmen's Bank bldg, St L~ ui s; 518 Central bid~. Los Angeles;
Are you employed at work for which you are best fitted~
855 Monadnock bldg, San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OFFICE.
Do you KNOW or are you GUESSING?
Your children -- what will you advise them to do?
The science of Character Analysis will answer the questions you have
as ked yo urself. It is not fortune telling. It is not guess work. It tells you __ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!IIIIIIIIWllllllllllllll
what you are fitted for and gives you the reasons. It tells you why
you have not succeded in what yo u have attempted and will show you in
Can You Reduce Weight?
which lines you can hope to succeed.
Informa tion regarding my Obesity Treatments is contained in a
An analysis of yourself will cost you something and it is worth many
liule booklet and consists of fully explained systems of dieting, exer-
!
times what it costs; but information about it-that is free .
Just write:
"Send me free information about Character An·alysis and Vocational Fitness." Write your name and address very plainly. Send it to :
P. 0. Box 153, Llano, California
California Lands or Government Lands
I .
" NEW OPENINGS DIFFERENT COUNTIES AND STATES"
r •r · booklet, telling of your nine rights, eight without residence.
Sp~c1al ci rculars, how, why, and where, .qf overlooked or covered up
bargains; all counlies. some near you.
Write:
Joaeph Clark, Searcher of Government and State Recorda
1511 K St, Sacramento.
•
&. LEVIN
Attoraeys at Law
HARRIMAN
~ cises. bathing, manipula tive movements, and various other essentials
i
to effect the desired results.
Persistency in this common sense and
proved treatment will surely bring results in your case as it has in
others. No drugs are used; it is a natural and beneficial way of
reducing Resh. It gives full details for daily conduct. In sending
remittances, slate what portion yo u particularly wish· -to have re-
§
duced and emphasis will be given as to what treatmen ts will prove
~ most beneficial.
~
Mrs. C. M. Williams, Llano, Cal.
= Full $5.00 Treatments, $3.00
~
CLASSIFIED ADS
...
Tdepbone Home A--4533
;
i
Rates: 25c a line for one insertion; 1!;c a line thereafter.
to the line. Advertiainr payable in advance.
Twelve words
WANTED-GAS ENGINES, 6 TO 12 H. P. ST. JE MODEL, DESIGN,
name, age, condition, and give full description .
TERN COMRADE.
FOR SALE.-BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS_, ~D
flconish Giants. We can supply _aU ages .up . to eight montlu: - Fo<. further .
information address Rabbit Department, Llano del Rio Colony, Uuo, Cal
�/
Three Years of Growth
Are Back of The Uano del Rio Colony
Thirty-six months of unprecedented success and prodigious growth is the record that the Llano del
Rio Colony can point to. Never before in the history of the co-operative movement has such splendid
progress been made. It is a record justly to be proud of and the success has been fairly earned. The
Llano del Rio Colony is on a safe and sane footing; its growth and progress will be even more remarkable
during the years to come.
LLANO MAKES
LLANO OWNS
Printery
Shoe Shop
Laundry
Commissary
Bakery
Cannery
Tannery
Creamery
Magazine
Newspaper
Saw Mill
Lime Kiln
Dairy
Hogs
Alfalfa
Orchards
Gardens
Rabbitry
Stock Ranges
Machine Shop
Bread
Overalls
Shirta
Canvas Gloves
Butter
Leather
Soap
Rugs
LLANO HAS-Library
\IJonteo•ori Scho<>l
Orchestras
Two Hotels
2750 Acres
This great tract of land was added to the holdings of the Colony just recently. It lies in the
fertile San Joaquin Valley and is splendid fruit
land. Every member of the Llano del Rio Colony,
. resident or installment member, profits by the add·
ed acreage. It strikingly marks the growth of
the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony.
(See pages 16 and 17 this issue Western Comrade)
Gl'iES FRI£-.Medical Attendance
Ooctor"• Service.
Entertainmenta
Rent
Baths
Dances
Have You the Spirit of Co-operatiort?
Have you, who have voted for the co-operative
commonwealth, who have talked and agitated for
it and prayed that it might come in your time, who
have done your part to educate the world to its
benefits - have you the courage of your convictions? Are you willing to unite with your comrades and M~KE it the huge success you have
dreamed of? The hardest of the light is over. The
Colony is on a sound foundation now. The days
when it required the great sacrifices and the utmost courage are now past.
But the days of doing and the time of the
greatest opportunity lie immediately ahead. Those
SEND
who have the foresight to get into the vang11ard
of this great enterprise, who .are willing and ;:nxious to get on to the firing line of the grandest
phase of the co-operative movement, who have the
spirit of the co-operative commonwealth strong
within them, can achieve and conquer. Wor:cers
and thinkers are required. They will be amply re·
warded, too, but the Llano del Rio Co-operal:ive
Colony appeals tv those who have VISION ttnd
SPIRIT more than to -those who are merely intere5ted in their own betterment. Will you j.,jn
with those who are makwg "Co-operation in Action" a success?
t:"
FOR THE "GATEWAY TO FREEDOM "
Uano del Rio Co-·operative ~Colony
llANO. CALIFORNIA
\
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-05
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-05
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v05n01_191705
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v05n01
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Three Years of Achievement by Frank E. Wolfe
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Western Comrade
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PDF Text
Text
L I ay o
I n dust r i e s
Apr i I,
191 7
In This Number
Next Month
Ro·bert K. Williams
Frank E. Wolfe
Tells Ab0ut Llano and Her Problems
And How They Are Being Overcome
Will Write of the Achievements of
Three Years in the Llano Colony
The Socialist City
B y A. C o n s t a n c e A u s t i n
The Hope Box
What Was Done
A S t o r y b y H e I e n F r a n c e s E a s I ey
at the
Uano's Solution of ~he Growing
Grocery Bill
Emergency Convention
By Wesley Zornes
Will Be Told By The
Delegates firom California
,
/
.
..,
�The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE ll.ANO Dfl. RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is situated in
the beautiful Antelope valley in Los Angdes County, California. The Colony lies close to the Sierra Madre range
where an abundance of clear, sparkling water from mountain
spring• is sufficient lo irrigate thousands of fertile acres. The
climate is mild and delightful, the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something lo sell \men the
Colony has grown.
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM-
I
HE electric light bill, the water bill, the doctor's bill, the drug
bill, the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
bill. doe ochool book supplieo bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbo who think the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the house·
holder, and the lean weeks caused by disemploymenl and the con·
sequent fear of the future. There is no landlord and no rent '•
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and cloth·
ing, the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk.
the clothing bill, the laundry bill, the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills thai burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the lax bill he has no fear. The colony
official• attend lo the details of all overhead. To colonists the
amusemenh, sports, pastimes, dances, enter tainmen ts and all edu·
cational facilities are free.
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the Colony industries is in the hands of
the department managers. In each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen.
All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position.
AI the department
meellngt at many persons as can crowd m the room a re always
present.
I
in thet. t no motions are ever made, no resolutio ns adopted and no
,.,·orkcn are shifted to the point where the needs are grt>alesl,
and machinery is put on designated work. transportation is cu·
ranged, wants are mad~ known and filled ao nearly as possible.
The board of directors, memb•rs of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise.
These directors are
on the oame basis as all their comrades in the colony. At the
general auembly all persons over eighteen years of age. residing
in the colony. have a voice and ..•ole.
0 CONSTITUTION OR BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want lo know how the affairs of the
Uano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to
gel this information, they must secure a copy of a con·
slilution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a ''declaration of principles" which is
printed bdow. The management of the Colony rests with the
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. Theoe managers are selected for their
6tneos and ability. The busineos and 6nancial affain of the enterprise are conducted by tbe board of directors who are elected by
the stocltholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by-laws of almost every slate. The only innovation is in
the rntricting of anyone from ,·oling more than 2000 shares of
stock, ~ardless of bow fnany shar<!S are held. As this is to be
DECLAR.A.TION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inRexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a sel of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration Follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
·any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it docs not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Com•
munity alone.
The individual is nol justly entitled lo more land than is oufli·
cienl lo satisfy a reasonable deoire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held Ly private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community lo the individual, and the exercioe of
greater ability entitles none lo the false rewards of greater possessions, but only lo the joy of greater service lo others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual lo the Community is lo develop ability
lo the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and lo devote the whole exlenl of that ability lo the
service of all.
The duty of the Community lo the individual io lo administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, lo educate all and lo aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
These meetings are held regularly and they are unique
minutes a r• kepi. The last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working mosl admirably and smoothly. At these meetings the
work is discussed and planned, reports are given, teams allolled,
M
the ultimate holding of ev\& ,member. this is considered a stronQ
protective clause. The incorporation charier is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right lo transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on tho; part of stale
officials to interfere.
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
P
ERSONS cannot be adrnilled lo residence al the colony upon
the paymen t of $10.00 or any other sum leas than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be al·
!owed to pay a small amount, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work oul the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permilled this there would soon be a hundred thousand applications.
The money deri ved from these initial payn.cnls is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. h lakes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking lo a productive point. The colony
mus t proceed alon~ sound financial lines in order to conlinue
its
present success. This facl musl be obvious lo all. The manage·
menl of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
.,f the fact that there is a numberless army thai cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many lellers come in
that breathe biller and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. h is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say lo their otripped, robbed and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving oatisfaclory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers a:ul oisters on the
land are bearing the bruni of the pioneering. Farnilieo enteTin~
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food.
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, costs money.
The initial membership fee goes lo offset the sup;><>rl of familia
until the colony shall be on a paying buis.
�;
Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and join your comrades who have already born,. the lint
brunt of pioneering.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony. dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his hein. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongoiians and Malays. The rejection of these applications is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient to mix races in 1hese communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the Mme of the owner. Palmdale, California. care
Llano Colony. Goods will be looked after by the colony freightman
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
~do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, a re: printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop, lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, poultry yards, rabbitry, gardens, hog raising, two stages, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, doctors' offices. woodyard, vinegar works, b11kery, fish hatchery, barber shop, dairy goats, baths, swimming pool, studios, two hotels,
drafting ro<>m, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
club, two orche•tras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Following is the plan which has proven successful: each shareholder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
in cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4, from which is deducted one dolla r fo r
the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
eYpenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
ef the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover and resume payments. ' In no case will he be
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This i•
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. In this we will
endeavor to assist wherever practicable.
Corporations are no t
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May ht. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemployment and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their families.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, was ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort for he future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin~ it· the largest town in the
;
;
Antelope Valley. · More than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children get meals at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Montessori school is in operation,
taking the children from 2Yz to 6 years of age. A new school
building is soon to be built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial schools are both in operation.
High school work is planned. In the Industrial school botany, domestic science, languages, agricuture, biology, practical fanning and
the regular grammar school subjects are taught by competent teach- ·
ers. Manual training is already being taught ; buildings are now under construction. The children care for a 8ock of milk goals, chickens, turkeys, and many acres .of garden. They are very successful.
They build their own buildings; the ,girls learn sewing and cooking;
the children produce much of what they consume ; portien of their
clothing is made by the sewing classes; they have their own horses,
wagons and farm implements; they own pigs and a number of pets.
Besides learning co-operation and developing a sense Of responsibility, they enjoy acquiring an education under these conditions. ·
They plan to go extensively into the raising of chickens and
turkeys during the coming year.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 12S Jersey and Holsiein cattle,
I 00 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over 100 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the . tractors
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
A recent purchase of Duroc-Jersey sows gives the Colony twentytwo registered high-class breeding sows and a splendid boar, the
nucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pens
have been built. Registration will be kept up and the raising of
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
fine Berkshires, and a large number of grade sows.
Much nursery stock has been planted, a vineyard of 40 acres put
out, and many fruit trees set this spring. The Colony has more
than 400 acres of orchards.
Community gardening is successful, and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with· expert and experienced men in charge of the different departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department ·expects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $3S to $40 a thousand costs the Colony only a few. dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful, baseball and football teams, dances, picnics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, several o rchestras, a dramatic club, and other organizations assist in
making the social occasions enjoyable.
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Llano. Much has been planted and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime, making them permanent, conserve
water and insure economy. They 'will be built as fast as possible.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It will be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modern, and
harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater privacy
than any other houses ever constructed. They are unique and designed especially for Llano.
The Weekly newspaper, THE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news
of the world, of the Socialist and Labor movement in condensed
form. It carries the Colony news, etc., The subscription rate io
SOc a year {Canada, $1.00). The WESTERN COMRADE is the
Colony's illustrated monthly magazine with articles of general interest and pictures of Colony life and development. The rate is
now SOc a year. After May 1, 1917, the rate will be 7Sc a year,
JOe a copy. Present cembination rate for BOTH is 7Sc a year,
and after May 1st, $1 .00 a year {Foreign postage · extra) .
ADDRESS ALL . COMMUNICATIONS AND MAKE ALL PAYMENTS TO THE
Uano del Rio Company, Llano, California
..
�Apr
1
Issue
Nineteen Seventeen
Table of Contents
Page
Page
A Talk About Babies________________________________________________ 22
Cover Page
Showing two tractors recently purchased by the Colony
to facilitate farm work and transportation.
Editorials....... ·--·----·---·---·---·--··--·--------------------------------- 5
By Prudence Stokes Brown.
Montessori-The Woman ________________________________________ 23
Frank E. Wolfe ~:ives a ~-up" ot his impressions of
the quiet little lady who is working a revolution in the
field of education.
By Job Harriman.
Building Llano's Industries ________________________________________ 8
In which Robert K. Williams shows how Llano is surely
establiohing industries despite handicaps and obstacles.
The Hope of Llano _______ ______________________________ _____________ 24
Or. John Dequer once more writes in an inspirational
vein of the future of the Llano del Rio Colony.
The Co-operative Commonwealth and Education .... 12
By Clinton Bancroft.
The Socialist CitY---------------------------------------------------- 25
Another of this impressive series by the designer of
the future city of Llano, A. Constance Austin.
Merchandising the Atmosphere ............................... 14
A forecast of possibilities based on past achievements
in California. By Alanson Sessions.
What Propagandists Say_______________________ _-____ ______________ 27
Industrial Mechanics................................................ 15
Miscellaneous articles that are timely, among them being
letters from State !iiecretaries of the Socialist Party giving
By. L. \V. Millsap, Jr.
their impressions of the new California constitution.
Llano's Solution of the Growing Grocery BilL. ....... 16
What Thinkers Think in the Magazines __________________ 28
How the High Cost of Living can be offset by co-operadian as practiced at Llano. By Wesley Zornes.
The gist of leading articles in leading magazines.
The Hope Box·----·-·-------·---·---------·-·-·-·-----·-----·---------- 18
"Aditorial" -----·····---·----------··-·-----------·-------··--·-----·---- 30
A charming story that is frankly a love story and
nothing else. By Helen Frances Easley.
which every reader of the Comrade should take to heart.
In which the circulation manager point• out certain things
What Contest Workers Are Doing
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WILL DISTRIBUTE PAPERS
"A friend handed me a copy of your paper
which I found very interesting and I herewith
inclose 50c for a year's subscription. If you arc
sending out any free advertising matter, I would
be glad to distribute some.
""Wishing you every success. I remam.
"Your Comrade,
''H. A. W .• Michigan."
• • •
WILL TAKE OUT MEMBERSHIP
''I have received the latest copy of the "Gateway to Freedom,' dated january, ' 917. I am so
pleased with it that I wish you would send me
a few extra copies for mailing to my eastern
friends who lr.now no\hing of your Colony and
would become very much interested in it if they
did, and some of them join, I am sure.
"I intend to visit you in the very near fuJure
aRd if I can arrang~ matters as I hope to I sball
join issues and make my home with you. I shaD
take out a membership anyhow and join when
I can. Wishing yau all the success you deserve,
remain, very sincerely and fraternally,
''F. G. A., California."'
• • •
Em est Harrsen, New York, remitting $1.50 for
subs for friends, says: "'It is with increasing interest and perhaps admiration that I read the
Llano Colonist and Western Comrade. I believe
in practical Socialism, and think that the only
thing the native American will fall for. They are
all from Missouri. I think that a successful Colony, properly advertised, will make more bona fide
Socialists than our often spasmodic efforts ol
street speakers and educational a -mpaigns."'
. . ..
"I am very much interested in your plan a1td
want lo work to the end of joining you as soon
as possible," writes R. G. Page, Utah, sending in
$3.00 for subscriptions.
• • •
Subscription cards for the Comrade or Colonisl,
good until July ht, are SOc until May 1 only:
Combination cards are 75c, after May 1st $UJO.
�Co-operation
Political Action
Direct
Action ..
The Western Comrade
DeYoted
to the
Caase
of
the
Workers
Entered as second-class matter November 4th: 1916, at the post office at Llano, California, under A~t of March 3, 1879.
. PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT LLANO, CALIFORNIA.
SUBSCRIPTION RATE, .SOc a Year;~ Canada, 75c; Mter May ht, 75c a year; Canada $1.00; Single Copies JOe.
JOB HARRIMAN
~
Managing Editor.
7
FRANK E. WOLFE
Editor.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
VOL. IV
T
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, APRIL, 1917.
Ed
•
1
t
0
HE Russian revolution was the world
By J o b H
event of the month. That a revolution
in a nation of two hundred million
people could occur in fifteen days is the marvel of it. This
fact has shaken the thrones of the world and has already
cast all crowns into the melting pot.
More and more the armies of the world are being drawn
from the people. The old standing armies are dead. Their
blood has already filled the trenches. They were the pillars
of state. Upon them the crown rested. But the pillars are
crushed. The crowns are falling, and the armies that arc
~ailed from among the people are tied to them with heart
chords, and when the people hunger the new soldiers will not
shoot ngr kill.
For this reason Russia has fallen. The throne of Germany
is tottering. The Reichstag, the voice of the people, like the
Duma, is demanding democracy, and soon the German army
will heed the call of the hungry people.
The same voice is calling for democracy in England and
already universal and equal suffrage with proportional representation !:!as been substantially granted.
Thus hunger will turn the armies of the nations from the
capitalist governments of the world to the people of the world,
and, joining hands, they will lead democracy in a triumphant
march through every land.
-oEXT in importance to Russia's revolution comes the declaration of war by the United States against Germany.
England blockaded the North Sea, preventing all commerce
with Germany.
Germany declared a war zone about the Allies, preventing
all commerce with them.
Both belligerents are guilty of the same offense.
Yet our commercial interests are found through the doors
of the Allies and hence we join with them in war against
Germany.
Our international entanglements have been inevitable ever
since the war broke out.
Our interests are international and our arms will follow
our interests.
N
r
•
1
No. 12
a I s
The owners of our industries and commercial enterpriese are directly, or by their
representatives, in charge of the governmental affairs. This is of necessity true. The reserve power of
the nation is found in its economic institutions. We must draw
upon this reserve for our fpod while the forthcoming crops
are ripening. It is therefore apparent that whoever controls
this food supply is in a position to determine our national
policy, whether it be for war or peace.
Our commerci~l and industrial princes think they have less
to fear from the Allies than from the Central Powers and
hence our lot is cast with them.
We will send our navy and our troops across the sea. A
million men will be conscripted and billions ef dollars will be
demanded.
The blood has been sprinkled on the door lintels and the
Rower of the American people will be stricken and the death
rattle will be heard in the throat of the nation.
a r r i m a n
---o--
T
HE world's reserve food supply is virtually exhausted.
Fighting armies of Europe have eaten the meat, the potatoes and the wheat products, and everywhere there is proof
that the outlook for feeding the people of the world during
next year is most alanning. The army is fed first, the people
come next. Short rations have long been the portion of the
non-combatants. Censorship in Europe has been so rigid
that we are -unable to get accurate news until the lid blows
off as it did in Russia. The French Minister of Agriculture
submitted a report two months ago in which he stated that
the allled countries required for actual necessities to carry
them through this year 300,000,000 bushels more wheat than
the stock now on hand. There are but two sources of such
supply-America and Argentina-and neither country can
spare a bushel wi'thout bringing want to its own people.
Argentina has placed an embargo on exportation. There is
not enough wheat on hand to carry the people of the United
States through until the 'time of harvest and milling. Flour
prices are the highest in the history of the country and exportation of wheat continues. Reports from the vanous
1'..6... •
•
�Page six
Editorial
winter wheat countries forecast short crops for next season.
The aven:~ge wheat reserve at this season is 250,000,000
bushels. The reserve from which we are making heavy daily
drafts is less than I 00,000,000 bushels.
The world is a billion bushels of wheat short and suffering in America is inevitable unless prompt steps are taken.
There is a great shortage in corn and oats. The potato
crop is short the world over. The crop i!l America this
year will probably be fifty per cent shorter than usual be~
cause of the prohibitive price of seed potatoes. The average
price of potatoes in the spring of 1915 was 43 cents; today
the average price is $2.40. Warring Europe needs a· billion
bushels and if America exports any it will be at the J:Ost of
hunger to its own people. It is predicted that unless the
millions of men now on the battlefields of Europe are put
to tilling the soil starvation will come to millions. It will
bring a famine that will be followed by a revolt that will
make the recent Russian upheaval seem a pleasant pastime by
F. E. W.
companson.
S
HORTAGE of food supplies has brought about a s.tartling
chanp:e in the opinions of some of America's most
far-sighted capitalists. Here is J. Ogdc" Armour, head of
the meat trust, advocating s\ep-by-step Socialism and urgently advising that the United States government begin to step
lively in order to avoid the appearance of being compelled
to step. He favors government supervision of food production
and food prices. He says Europe has been forced to socialize
and th~t we should take . the step before we, too, are forced.
He describes the situation as dangerous.
This declaration is extremely significant. It comes from an
accepted and acknowledged captain of capitalism in America.
He is a fair and safe spokesman and his words carry weight.
He wants to socialize before danger comes. Others will join
him in the plea. Armour wants the government to take over
the work (supervision) of producing and distributing the
meat and other food production! As old Ben Frank! in said:
"Ca ira." And it does- it comc.s, it marches, and it will
sweep the earth.
F. E. W.
N
O convention since the beginning of the Socialist movement . in America will occupy such an important place in
history as the present gathering at St. Louis. The tacit, or
organized, conspiracy of silence of the censored capitalist press
keeps us from being informed from day to day, but we have
the compensation that we are spared the painful experience of
the proceedings. The Socialist press reports are accurate and,
if they reach us rather belated, we have the satisfaction of
knowing they are reliable.
Among the first acts of the convention was the selection
of a committee on war and militarism, The personnel of
that committee was a guara!ltee of the satisfactory action and
results. The committee was composed of: Job Harriman, Cali-
The
Western
Comrade
fornia; Morris Hillquit, Algernon Lee, Louis B. Boudin, New
York; Victor L. Berger, Wisconsin; Kate Sadler, Washington; Patrick Quinlan, New Jersey; C. E. Ruthenberg and
Frank Midney, Ohio ; Dan Hogan, Arkansas; John Spargo,
Vermont; Maynard Shipley, Maryland; Walter Dillon, New
Mexico; and George Speiss, Connecticut.
The majority of this ~ommittee submitted a report ·that was
adopted by a vote of 1.40 to 31 for Boudin's minority report
and 5 for Spargo's report.
The resolution called for unalterable opposition to all wars
except the class war between the workers and the capitalist
class. It declared that the working class of the United States
has no quarrel with the working class of Germany nor any
other country. It denounces as hypocrisy the statement that
the war is not directed against the German people, but against
the German government. "If we send an armed force to the
battlefields of Europe," says the resolution, "its cannon will
mow down the masses of the German people, and not the imperial German government. We brand the declaration of war
by our government as a crime against the people of the United
States and against the nations of the world. In all modern
history there has been no war more unjustifiable than the war
in which we are about to engage.
"The working class has been plunged into this war by the
trickery and treachery of the ruling class of the country
through its representatives in the national administration and
national Congress, its demagogic agitators, its subsidized press,
and other servile instruments of public expression."
The report of this committee will have a tremendous effect
on the attitude of the working class of America toward the
war with Germany and the terms of peace not only between
this country and those officially chosen as its "enemies," but
between belligerent nations of the world. It will profoundly
influence the inevitable readjustments that will follow in the
internal affairs, its economic and industrial problems.
F. E. W.
---<>--
I
N the light of subsequent events there are some extremely
significant paragraphs in the speech delivered by John D.
Works of California in the United States Senate just previous
to the action that led to the declaration of war. Some of
these utterances are well worth preserving here. It gives, at
least, one strong man's argument and shows his views at an
hour of imminent peril to a nation:
"Any American citizen who would go to /Europe and
walk down between the trenches where they were firing
at one another with their machine guns would be an
ass, and would deserve to get just what he would get.
No, I would not take any chance of being shot for him .
I would not fight for him. That kind of a citizen is of
no value or credit to us; that is, he puts the nation in
peril and does not bring anything of value in return to
this country after having been nurtured in it to the
age of maturity, an age when he ought in ordinary decency to help keep out of trouble by using a reasonable
�'-::r-~
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The
Western
Comrade
Editorial
amount of common sense. So I would say to him when
he starts for the war zone: 'My dear brother, we bid
you farewell; you may go there if you want; you · can
tramp up and down all your life between the firing
lines; but I do not assume any responsibility for your ·
happiness or good health. It is right up to you.' "
Senator Works outlined the hardships that American families were now undergoing because of excessive food exportations and the appalling increase in the cost of living. He said
that there was suffering and lack of sufficient food within
five blocks of the Senate chamber. He added that there· was
a lack of shoes, clothing and other necessities of life, and
asserted it was all due to the conflict and that he had no
/)
heart in it or for it.
The following paragraph shows how clearly Senator Works
understood the fact that the munition makers and food exporters were back of the move when he said:
"I would say to those who want to go across the
deadline where there are submarines or Zeppelins that
drop bombs: 'Go, and God go with you; but go at your
own risk. I will not fight to save the merchandise
of any such American citizens as you are. Go, and
ge t killed if you want to , but we, the people, will not
fi ght for you , or the like of you, or for your cargoes
of war supplies.' "
F. E. W.
---o-N a recent discussion held at Blanchard Hall in Los Angeles
between W. j. Ghent and !IIj}'self. Comrade Ghent took exception to a statement that all wars were on capitalist exploitation . In his "last word" closing the discussion (it could
hardly be called a debate) he declared. that all wars had not
been capitalist wars and he pointed to the fact that capitalism
was of recent origin. This was, of course, true, but rather an
adroit way of dod ging the fact that wars have always had an
economic cause and that recent wars, which was the only
thing under discussion, had capitalism's cohorts on one or
both sides of the conflict.
No claim was made that all wars were capitalist wars-·conflicts between capitalists for markets. The assertioR was intended to convey and did convey to the audience the truth
that all wars had an economic cause and were based upon the
motive of exploitation .
The present conflict in Europe admittedly had its foundation
in the struggle between · capitalism of the warring powers for
the world's market. That Belgium and other small powers
were caught in the grinding cogs and fought purely in self
defense does not change the truth in the contention that the
war has its base on capitalism's urge to expand.
In the daily conflict between capitalism and its victims the
war has the same foundation-the desire to continue and extend exploitation.
It is well not to confuse the issue by a quibble as to whether
the class struggle is a "capitalist war.'' The fact is capitalism
forces it, and is in turn forced by conditions that must be
changed before an end can be made to the struggle. F. E.W.
I
Page se>en
L
OS ANGELES is a city of approximately half a million
inhabitants (vide claims of daily press). It is inte1,1sely
patriotic (same authority plus an immense display of bunting).
Some of its leading citizens are providing funds for recruiting, and one, who has large . interests in Mexico, has donated
rifles and cartridges for military organizations rec ntly formed.
The daily press fairly bubbles with enthusiasm and patriotism.
One newspaper has · a number of "recruiting information stations," and nothing is left undone to arouse fervor. Every
inducement is held for action.
In Los Angeles, the record of enlistments in one week,
according to the daily press, was 23 volunteers.
During the same period San Francisco enlisted 45. Something will probably be done to bring the Southern metropolis
up to the standard of her northern rival and to show that
this popular movement meets with equally patriotic support
in Southern California as in other parts of the United States.
F. E. W.
-o--
T
HE group of self-styled Socialists which was given good
position on page one of the capitalist dailies because it
stood for war has been clamorously insistent that it stands for .
preparedness, but not for militarism, which they say is far
different. None of these intellectuals has, so far as can be
learned, enlisted. At least one of these gentlemen publicly
declared for MILITARY TRAINING and all were openly in
favor of PREPARATION. Most respectfully do we refer
them to Webster's Dictionary, vintage 1915:MILITARISM: The spirit and temper which exalts the
military virtues and ideals and minimizes the defects of military training and the cost ~f war and preparation ·for it.
F. E. W.
---o--
L
LANO believes in preparation and it has prepared far beyond the hopes of a few months ago. This preparation
has been in two directions- toward increased food production
and improved housing conditions. The latter will come about
to a great extent with the openi·ng and widening of our road
between the mountain lumber camp and the sawmill on the
llano below.
The extension in food supply ancl additional feed for live
stock comes through the increased acreage planted. Our gardens are enlarged, our fruit supply for the season wili be
limited only by the capacity of the cannery to care for it.
There will be a greater diversity and we will put up apples,
pears, peaches, figs and an abundance of berries. Plans are
made for enlarging the cannery and facilities for evaporating fruit.
A large amount of vegetables will be produced and cared
for. The outlook for next season's meat supply is the brightest. The apiarist promises twenty tons of honey. Llano is
preparing, fortifying and entrenching. Preparedness for the
future is our watchword.
F. E. W.
�Page eight
About Llano
Building Llano's Industries
"Y
OUR industries are better organized, I believe, than
you people generally imagine," said C. Bickel, a
young student of sociology and co-operation, who
- - - is on his way to the Stanford University.
"I talk to the men in the various departments and find that
every man, as a rule, is fully informed as to the use of every
part and the whereabouts of tools that are used in the respective departments. This is unusual. I have been in many
manufacturing towns and have visited scores of plants. I find
in them men who know but one thing-the thing they .are immediately concerned with. Not so in Llano. The men here
are men of high order of intelligence, and all have the desire
to push ahead and succeed. It is this impulse, in my i>pinion,
that makes the men here acquainted -with so many of the details. They, of course, feel that the colony belongs to them
individually. This is fine, and as it ought to be."
Last year at this time no land was plowed for cultivation
and planting. This year nearly four hundred acres a re ready
for the harrow and seed. Marvelous indeed. It takes a perspective to see Llano properly. One can't figure from day to
day, but from month to month.
One thing that Bickel particularly mentioned was the spirit
of co-operation. I am aware that it has been said there is no
spirit of co-operation in Llano; but that is a n immense mistake. Everybody in Lla no will co-operate and be glad to
co-operate when an intelligent and reasonable formula is laid
down. Commissioner Wood of the county horticultural departmen.t asked what was done with the man who shirked.
I answered the question by asking him one, thus: "What
would you do if you were on a job, working as hard as you
could, and the other fellow laid down on his end? Wouldn't
you tell him about it? If he didn't improve, wouldn't you complain to the management ?" He smiled and said he understood. There is no such thing as a conce rted effort to kill
time. Such a thing is only possible under capitalism.
Now, look at some of our industries. For insta nce, go into
the shoe shop. The Colony has some of the fine st shoe repairing and shoe making machinery so far made, and one of the
best shoe men I have ever seen. This department runs like
a clock. Organization! Give leather and other materials, and
I'll back this departmen t to get the work done on schedule
time. The machinery is capable of making fifteen or more
men hustle with all their might to keep up.
Step out of the shoe shop and into the cabinet departmen t
and you'll find some industry there. There's Putnam, Matz,
Badgely and Rechsteiner, .the old standbys. in there all the
time. These men can make anything in wood. Every minute
of the day they are employed in making useful things for the
Colony. The planing mill department has been short of
material frequently. and consequently its fu ll usefulness has
not been available. I don't know anything about planing mill~.
but people have told me the machinery used in the woodworking department is first-class.
The machine shop turns out as efficient and quick work as
can be had anywhere. It was this department that the already
quoted visitor noticed tools kept in order. This. too, in the
face of the fact that many of the shop boys complain ·of mislaid tools. You see, we are so close to affairs here, and every
one is intimately and vitally concerned in the one and the
same thing.
In many instances lack. of organization is discovered in
The
Western
Comrade
By Robert K. Williams
Llano. I have frequently found that the discoverer had no
method of reerganization and himself probably unorganizable.
You'll find men everywhere absolutely impossible to amalgamate into an organization·. This fact explains the slo~ growth
of the unions, and even the Socialist party.
When one considers that Llano started with a few small
trees here and there, no money, no houses, no horses, no machinery, no people-nothing but hope-three years ago,
the organization as shown here to-day is nothing short of marvelous. You must realize that every industry on the ranch had
to be built from the ground up. We had no precedents to go
by, nothing to guide us, and no one knew a thing about anything of this kind.
Go back to the machine shop for a moment. This department is not over two years old. Yet it has up-to-date tools,
lathes, shaper, drill presses, dynamos and other necessary
things with which to work. The garage is as complete or
more so than any in the valley, a nd there are many in the
Antelope yea rs and years older. It is more difficult to build
under capitalism, I know, but any garage owner would be more
than proud of owning this shop with only two years' effort
placed behind it. He would think he had succeeded. We
take our shop as a matter of course.
The blacksmith shop is a busy place. Some fine; heavy
work has been turned out. The horses are taken care of, repairs made on farm machinery, new instruments of various
kinds manufactured right on the farm. The workmenKrause, Page, Ossman, Garrison and others-are always willing to do their level best and with a pleasant smile. I have
never seen or heard of any one receiving anything but prompt
and courteous treatment.
Of course, as this is a part of our family, we feel at liberty to tell how much we lack. Brothers and sisters fight, honestly. I've seen some of the most glorious battles-back East
- in domestic circles, too. We have a perfect right to have
a fight if we want to; but three years have almost gone by, and
not a fistic encounter in Llano-nothing but words-and we
are a big family. I'm not saying that the desire isn't sometimes present, but we recognize the fact that progress is not
made when a community is angry, and after all we are here
to solve the social problem and secure economic freedom. Cooperation alone can do this, and very few indeed but recognize this fact.
What is the social problem? To me it mearis adjustment of
human relationships. I have heard people talk of the social
problem as if it were some intangible, far-off problem of the
future, to be settled some day when "Socialism •came into
power." People sometimes are surprised to learn that we consider the adjusting of ourselves to each other here in Llano
is the working out of the social problem.
Jack Wallace has got his warehouse and oil department in
organized form. He is always on hand to give the colonist
or stranger information or deliver the goods. Like many
others, he is cramped for room, and the only frown seen on
his face is occasioned when a fresh load of furniture shows
up and no place to put it. He hopes, like the rest of us, that
the Colony will soon own a big warehouse where plenty of
room will always be available.
Speaking of frowns. We had a lot of visitors from another
part of the valley. You know the Antelope Valley is a tremendous expanse, and distances are great, and neighbors live
�The
Western
Comrade
About llano
seventy-five miles away and still are in the valley. After looking at the mask ball on St. Patrick's day, they remarked that
in· all their experience they had never seen faces so free from
worry lines. This is no figment of mine. VisitoJ;S ·galore have
told me that men and women wear fewer frowns in Llano
than can be seen elsewhere. The reason, of course, is freedom
from economic worries.
Oftentimes we forget that harness-making is an industry, or
the keeping of horses in healthy condition belong to a prominent and useful branch of the ranch. Lacking facilities as we
have in the past and are at present, I think the work of Cr_awford, Head and Roedmeister is fine. Last winter, when the
horses were shelterless, the hearts of every one bled for the
a nimals, but none worried over it more than Crawford and
the other men intimately associated with the horse end of the
ranch. Now that it is warm and a huge barn is well under
way, hope and confidence in the future is strong. It was persistence and organization that got these adjuncts to~tl;e ranch.
Sometimes we lose patience and want to slacken up in our
zeal, because we think that things are not moving fast enough.
I know this feeling well and have seen it work harmfully. Howeve r, this feeling had little effect on our tanner, Sowitch. He
came here full of enthusiasm to help build the Colony up by
Page
nmG
who can wait, do the most with the least, is the useful member
in any society, not in Llano alone.
Wants and needs are different. I want many things and
need but few. Realizing the necessity of recognizing this
phase, George Deutsch, who has been in the commissary for
ten months studying needs and wants, has evolved. a plan that
works well in the distribution of commissary supplies. Under
his system every household in the Colony is assured that whenever rations are in the commissary each will receive its share.
The house\~ife does not need hurry to the store to get ahead of
some one else. Whenever she comes for the kitchen supplies,
whatever is to be distributed has already been apportioned and
she knows that it has been done justly. The method of distribution obviates the necessity of rushing ' to the store and
standing in line. The store for the families is open till 4 p. m.•
and from 4 on for those who do not get o~ duty till then or
after. Much praise is due Deutsch for working out this difficult problem. The commissary has been most difficult to
handle.
·
Very little is heard about the dairy department. George
Mililgan, who has charge of the milk production and breeding
for milk producers, never says a word, but goes ahead and is
getting results, as is evidenced by the regular and steady sup-
This is NOT one of the model
houses of Llano. h is one of
the temporary houses !hal are being built !o lake care of immediate
needs. Many such houses are being built. Beller and be!!er homes
are being constructed as the community grows older and facilities
become more complete.
doing the tanning. There has been great need of a tannery
here, such as he wanted. We had the hides and could provide
more. Day a fter day elapsed and, outside of the preliminary
work of starting the vats and foundation, little was done toward his tannery. Delay after delay occurred in the arrival
of tools and implements used in tanning. Patience seemed
almost on the verge of eClipse at.J.imes, but now that the tannery is an assured fact, Sowitch wears a broad smile, and the
Colony is promised leather that will answer for all purposes.
Now some leather is already in process of being made.
The reason I mention this in this fashion is to poin t a moral.
\Ve must learn to know that conditions control. Conditions
govern here more than in the established centers of industry.
There they have all the tools with which to work, and men
to order about as tools. Here we sometimes ~ toolsmoney being among the number-and when the tools of industry are not here, and for the moment unprocurable, we
must wait and shift about and plan. This, too, is part of the
social fabric. Any one can purchase with money. An ordinary mechanic can do fair work with tools, but it takP.s a
genius to perform miracles with inadequate tools. Geniuses
and leaders are being brought to the front in Llano. The man
ply of milk and butter. It .is true that the Colony could consume more milk and butter, and sometimes there have been
shortages, but as a rule the supply has been quite sufficient
for Colony needs. At the present time Milligan has sixty-odd
cows in the barn. Every day a new cow is added from the
pasture lands below the colony. While we all would like
cream, cheese, etc., from our milk, we realize it is impossible
and are willing to wait until it can be produced. This is what
we call conditions controlling. The milk department is run
efficiently. The men working in and about the barns silently
and surely perform these necessary services, and the rest of us
accept the product of their labor with little thought. You'll
surely admit the dairymen are some co-operators.
In the matter of distribution of the milk supply, Groves has
it down so fine that one hears but little complaint. It is up to
Groves to count noses and see that every one entitled to milk
gets his share. Organization in his department makes this
possible. There would be little trouble running any department had we a big supply of everything. One has to consider
the number of people arriving, those here, and an emergency
always possible, when attempting organization of any department. Each division or department of the ranch has to be
�Page ten
About Llano
started ot has been started from nothing. No precedents aid
one. Each question that arises is a new one. It is for this
reason, and also that every stockholder is equally interested,
that suggestions, good, bad and indifferent, are offered. Human
nature demands attention. The earnest man, whether right or
wrong, .feels that his advice should be taken. When it is not
possible to follow gratuitous advice, it frequently happens that
the individual proffering the suggestion feels hurt. Without
knowing all the details and conditions it is hard for ·any o.ne
to advise. Conditions and infinite detail control.
Joe Valek is probably as good a baker as there is in . the
country. He also is one of the fastest workers in dough I have
ever seen. He used to turn out 300· and 350 loaves daily.
Now he makes more than 500. In addition, when time
permits and materials are available, he makes cobblers, ~ook
ies, cakes and pies for the hotel. joe will work at all hoursin fact. any hours. Recently a flour shipment was delayed,
and when it did arrive it was past 9 o'clock. Joe, with a smile,
turned to and made a batch of bread and the colonists had
hot bread for breakfast. This is co-operation sure enough.
Had he no method such a thing would not be possible. As
long as the finished product comes to us we think little of it.
When withheld, we cry inefficiency, .lack of organization, probably, or some other incorrect thing.
August, 1916, the print shop was erected. The building
adjoins the cannery on the north. It is a small affair, but in
it are a modern linotype, a fairly good press, a folder and job
press and other print shop equipment. Where the most complicated of all machines- the linotype- now stands, a bunch
of sage grew less than a year ago . . George Cantrell is responsible for this metamorphosis. He had a persistent idea that
Llano could be made a publishing center, and he has actually
succ;.eeded-succeeded. beyond his wishes. as a matter of fact,
for he can't begin to do the work already piled upon him. His
quarters are too small, the machines inadequate for the increased demand. But the thing I want to impress upon you
is that organization made this possible. When he started he
knew what he wanted. He got good men about him, and few
people are conscious of the existence of the newspaper plant.
Roll on the press; Brande on the case; Cantrell, Butler and
johnson on the linotype, with several helpers, make up a crew
of silent and swift workers.
Hand in hand with the print shop is the office of the
WESTERN COMRADE and COLONIST, under the management of Ernest Wooster. Through this office sifts the materials that go to make up the magazine and Colonist, as well
as the literature that contains descriptions of the ranch and its
acttvthes. The office of the COMRADE and COLONIST is in
the back of the hotel; nothing dignified about it, but for
efficiency and organization there are few newspaper offices
in the country that can equal it. In it is a staff of helpers
who love the work. Millsap, a mechanical genius and always
on the job, has charge of the mailing. He has devised some
very clever labor-saving articles which are worth real money.
Busy! These people have absolutely no .regard for time.
Come early or late, these ardent colonists are at their desks.
Mrs. Wooster, Ernest's mother, has developed into a real newspaper woman and aids wonderfully in securing efficiency.
jessie and Elizabeth Richardson took to newspaper work naturally and have proved of great assistance in the arduous · task
of getting results. Mrs. Corinne Smith, Mrs. D. jewett and
Mrs. Jennie O'Loughlin help in the office, and much of the
promptness and sureness of the Colony's publications are due
to their efforts. When seeking an example of co-operation and
organization, investigate the COMRADE office.
The
Western
Comrach
The WESTERN COMRADE and COLONIST have steadily
gained in circulation and· they are receiving more attention
than ever. Since Comrade job Harriman has issued an epochmaking statement, the columns of the two issues will be and
are being read more widely than heretofore. An old-time
member of the Colony, who has the wanderlust, writes me
from a different town nearly every week and tells me he has
visited 120 towns inside of eleven months, and in the majority
of these, he says, the WESTERN COMRADE can be found.
This is good news to us. It is natural that advanced thinkers
want to keep abreast of the doings in such a colony as this.
Llano is trying to work out something that has heretofore
been a theory; she wants to convince the world that co-operation is actually a success. While doing this, the publications
are going broadcast and radical minds grasp all progres5tve
news. Publishing is a success in Llano and if a more complete plant were here the publications would return dividends,
if we figured in that fashion. Almost dailv this department is
compelled to turn down real paying business.
We ate over a thousand dollars' worth of pork this winter.
That is, we saved in cash to ourselves that much money. As
times goes on, and that shortly, too, the hog department will
be so organized as to produce all the hog meat we will need.
john Will took charge of this department several months ago.
It wasn't much to look at at the time. The hogs were few,
too. To-day he has 300 porkers in the pens and in the' field . .
He has some twenty of the finest registered Durocs in the- valley. These thoroughbreds are worth many hundreds of dollars.
Soon a big increase will occur in the hog colony. Through
Will's foresight he has prepared places, and now the hogs
are comfortably cared for. The increase of stock, improvement of the strain, getting bigger hogs, the building of buildings for their care, has been no accident. john Will thought it
out, and those under him helped carry his plans out. Method
and organization has worked wonders in the hog department
and two years hence Will predicts phenomenal success.
One of the show places of the ranch, the rabbitry, is a paying institution. The Colony has been fairly well supplied with
rabbit meat. W. L. Kilmer, now assistant superintendent, is
responsible for the rabbits being in such goocf condition. It
was his practical experience that led him to build houses that
would properly care for the breeders. As soon as time and
lumber permits, the rabbitry will be increased, and this department promises to play a prominent part in the meat supply of
the Colony. Lack of lumber only prevents further additions
to the pens and rabbit increase.
We are so rushed for labor, time and lumber that we of
necessity must forego many useful things. Again conditions
control. That we have any rabbit meat at all is due to organization. Kilmer knew what he wanted and, in part, got it.
He still wants to see that department grow, as it surely would
had we the materials to fu rnish him. Visitors always exclaim
in admiration when they sight the rabbits nestling in their
little hutches.
One doesn't notice much friction at the lime kiln. Charley
Stevens, with his old reliables, produce lime of excellent character and do it without bluster. Knowledge, organization and ,
method are necessary for this.
We take a look at the building department now. This
department has been a storm center since I've been in the Colony, almost a year and ten months now. 'Many men have
tried to give satisfaction in this trying position. The demand
for houses has always been ahead of the supply. We had
hoped last year to get logs down from the mountains and get
all the lumber we needed. For a time it seemed as if we had
�The
Western
Comrade
About llano
succeed~. We cut a good many thousand feet of lumber and
then quit because of_ snows in the mountains. One has to live
here and be close to the job to understand fully the wearisome
and provoking delays, but good reasons, of •course, cim be
given why we have not had more lumber. When we bought
lumber from the outside, transportation then became the big
problem, and it is some problem indeed. Any truck owner
knows the precariousness of keeping trucks _in condition, and
in addition we had a rough wash to cross. {By the way, it is
now being paved.) It is hard to explain and make people
understand, when they have paid for a thing, why service
should not be rendered on schedule time. So many thi.ngs
enter into the details of Colony life, and each one seems to be
equally pressing, that the building department is constantly
"up against it." One of the things that few people take into
consideration is the fact that new members are constantly com·
ing. These have to be provided for. Time and labor are
given for this purpose, as well as lumber and tenting. The
diversion of materials for this purpose alone is not inconsiderable, and must be taken into consideration before anything
like an accurate estimate of the housing conditions can be
arrived at.
For people to be contented, they must have proper shelter.
TRUCK LOAD OF CANS for the cannery. Photo taken in busy season.
Will be repeated many times this year.
- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - ------·-··
We all recognize this. This problem above all others, barring,
of course, the food question, receives deepest consideration.
There isn't a man on the ranch that hasn't seriously thought
on this subject, and many have been and are the answers.
The saw mill, with B. J. Smith in charge, is probably the real
solution. Recently this institution procured a tremendously
strong tractor. This will be put on the road to· haul logs. In
the meantime a road sufficiently wide must be built to the
mountains.
A twenty-five horsepower tr.tclor and scraper are used io
rush this work. Movable camp tents and camps established
on the road will permit of further efficiency. No time will be
lost, if possible, in the rushing of this work, for we all feel
the necessity of having plenty of lumber for all purposes before the fall season. Sufficient lumber spells a lot of content'
ment for us here and those to arrive.
In the meantime comrades who are to join this great constructive work are asked to pay an additional sum, ranging
from $100 to $200, with which to buy lumber from the outside
markets. We put the orders down in rotation and as little
partiality shown as is possible. We seldom, if ever, promise
when a house can be finished. We sometimes seem to run
over reasonable time limits, but that, again, can't be helped.
Conditions are conditions and we are striving to better them;
and we are daily, too.
The building problem will work out all right, but in the
immediate now looms big. We are taking care -of people the
best we ca:n, and I think right nobly, too. Pioneer conditions
here are not comparable with those of desert claims or homesteads, no matter how favored the spot may be. Every one
of these places lacks social environment.
Take the little understood department of the engineers.
Colonists themselves seldom hear anything about the engineering department. The reason for this is a working organization.
When one needs information relative to the land, water, distances and a working knowledge of the resources of the ranch,
consult Engineer Proebstel. He will tell you; if he can't, he'll
give you the reason why.
The water resources have been materially increased by developing water from the old tunnel tapping the underflow of
the Big Rock. The tunnel was put in twenty-odd years ago.
The work was completed in 1896. The length of the tunnel
is 3,075 feet. When the work was stopped and the creek bed
tapped, reliable reports show that 186 inches of water flowed
from the mouth of the tunnel. After the early settlers disappeared for various reasons the tunnel received no care. Caveins resulted and in the course of years the waterway became
clogged until less than seventy-five inches flowed out. Possibilities of re-establishing the former flow as well as developing mOie water were seen. For weeks a crew worked and few
people even in the Colony knew what was being done. The
tunnel is now cleaned out, and Ray Proebstel, our engineer,
tells me that $34,000 has been added to the material wealth
of the Colony by this work. More than 130 inches flow from
the tunnel now. Some young men are now engaged in making
a place for a hoisting engine to haul the gravel out of the
tunnel when work is resumed under the creek bed. Every
water man who makes any pretense of knowing anything about
water development i; satisfied that a steady flow, materially
more than now runs, can be secured by further penetrating
the gravel, forty-one feet below the present bed of the stream.
Several ideas relative to water development are under consideration. Method and foresight made it possible to incrase the
water possibilities of Llano.
Comrade Millarr has charge of the agricultural end of the
ranch. It is some job. Every one knows it. Millatr recently
went over the ranch with Professor Campbell, the Southern
Pacific expert on tillage, 'and there are few points of difference
in their conclusions as to the proper way of handling soils.
Millarr and his associates, from the corral up the line, are cooperating in every possible way to get crops in this year and
to prepare the land for fall work. The land in Llano in most
part has been reclaimed from nature and lacks humus. The
soil has to be built up, as every farmer knows, but, according
to Campbell, the soil is capable of producing anything when
given plenty of cultivation.
I will skip a lot of organized industries for want of space
and speak of the organization in and about the hotel and the
difficulties of housing. Mrs. Williams, my wife, has had charge
of the hotel and truth compels me to say that she has effected
an organization that works.
The kitchen: Allan Thorp is a cook of long experience and
has owned a business of his own before coming here.
From four to six girls assist in the dining room. I hate to
talk out loud about what I think of these girls and their work
(Continued on Page 26)
�Page twelve
Co-operation
The
Western
Comrade
The Co-o.perative Commonweath and Educatio~
By C I i n t o n B a n e r o f t
- - -.0 VERNMENT is the conservation; the crystallization of
the results of human progress. It follows and depends
upon, never shapes or precedes, industrial development. Its functions are to conserve, to intensify, to
gene ralize. not to lead; and co-operative workers now declare
that industries may be so perfectly organized through private
.15sociation and combination that they may finally be brought
one by one under the operation and control of that mighty
organ of society; but such organization must be done by the
people consentingly with that final consummation ":!ways in
stroying it; for organization is monopoly, and monopoly is
upon us. There is left to the workers but a single choiceprivate monopoly under capital-ownership, or private monopoly under co-operative ownership. If they are atisfied to
remain industrial slaves, they will choose the former. If they
wish to be free and independent, they will choose the latter.
As stated, the transition of ownership must be gradual and
it is only in this way that it can be so done; it can not be
done at once nor by any law or edict or administration; neither
can it be done by simply talking about it and explaining and
VIeW.
advocating it. Talking, and explaining, and advocating are
But the success of would-be practical attempts at -changing very necessary .>.nd indispensable in the work of organizing
present systems or effecting a transition from privat'e to col- and instructing the workers in methods and systems, but they
lective ownership of industries must be measured by. the accu- are neither the best nor only means of educating the people.
racy with which ~uch attempts reflect the educative chang~ More than that must be done. The educators themselves must
already wrought among the people. An educated brain and practice what they teach. If they confine their efforts to
hea rt, an enlightened conscience and intellect, mind and morals teaching science, art, literature, language, law and trades,
illuminated by the divine light of knowledge-these a re the and to professional and vocational training they will never
5olvents of error and evil everywhere.
achieve the results they so much deFor if the working of the new industrisire. Neither will criticism of capitalistic methods, denouncing the perpeal system (and there must be a new
O-OPERATIVE workers now
system if the old evils and causes oi
trators of wrong and injustice to the
slavery, poverty and conflict are to be
workers, nor appeals to the people for
declare that industrie> may be
destroyed) depends upon the voluntary
sympathy for the martyrs to the cause
so perfectly organized through priof labor effect the desired end. But
support of the people, it cannot have
vate association and combination
it in the very na ture of things unles;;
criticism that calls the attention of the
that they may finally be brought
the people are educated to an inte llipeople to these things and at the same
one by one under the operation and
gent comprehension and approval of it.
time directs them to an organized cocontrol of government.
The Modern Educator therefore reoperative system better for them in
There is left to the workers but
alizes that industrial organization must
every way and offering opportunity to
a single choice-private monopoly
the workers to gain economic power
kee!5 time and pace with the educative
under capital ownership, or private
progress of the people, and that his
and industrial freedom is a different
position, like that of the industrial ormatter. Something will be gained by
monopoly under co-operative ownsuch action. That is the best educaganizer, is not ahead of them, not on
ership. If they wish to be free and
the heights of ideal socialism expoundtive plan; and that will require an orindependent they will choose the
ing its beauties and beckoning to them
ganization that will both advocate and
latter.
to follow, to climb up after him, but
practice a co-operative system adaptdown among them, at their bead, with
able to industrial and educational conthem, a part of them, working for
ditions and the needs of the workers;
them. He realizes as never before that the theories and one whose benefits a nd advantages are easily accessible by
principles he teaches may conform to the logic of pure thought, them everywhere, national in extent and responsible a like to
but social systems and policies must conform to the circum- producers and consumers.
To show what that system is to be and how it will be estabstances and conditions of the people.
The great competitive system is pi'acticed by the great ma- lished is a very important part of the work now confronting
iority of the people. It must be gradually transmuted and the Modern Educator. That is the education the people need,
especially the working class. and in the Modern School it will
changed to a co-operative system.
But a co-operative sy.stem of any scope can not be success- begin with the child.
fully operated among a people and by a peopie unless a very
A very deaF and practical illustration of the Modern School
high degree of organizing power has first been developed may now be seen in the schools as conducted in the Liane del
among them. Of its great rival, the compc'itive wage system, Rio Colony. In them are taught what is usually embraced in
the reverse is true . The lower a people are in civilization, the the curricula of the public schools from the p;imary to the
less organizing power they have and the less general intelli- university. But here, along with the text-book studies which
gence there is among them, the better the competitive system are adapted to static mind culture alone, are taught those
works. Great oppressive combinations among the masters things which change that culture from the static to the dycan not so successfully be made. The industrial slave has a namic. The idea of the polytechnic schools is maintained
freer field in which to compete. But the co-operative system throughout the course, and the arts and trades are taught as
requires organizing powers, and the fact is that our' organiz- well as literature and science; indeed, the latter are studied
ing powers have now become so great that they not only in- with a general reference to the former. Not alone is the brain
vite an adoption of the co-operative system but they are forc- educated, but the h•md and eye and ear, the main avenues
ing it upon us whether w~ will or not.
through which the brain is reached. But it i-s as much in the
The competitive system is doomed (not dead, but doomed methods as in the matter taught that the Llano schools are
to disappear from the industrial field). Organization is de- different from the public school system. Books are not aban.
1
I
C
�The
Western
Comrade
Co-operation
Page thirteen·
cloned by any means, but they are reduced to their proper ing to establish other educational ~enters of a similar character.
place as ·guides and aids to the student engaged in acquiring
They are also planning a great university as the crowning
knowledge as ncar as may be from original sources, and ac- feature of their industrio-educational system in which will be
tively engaged as far as possible in its ·useful application. taught-in addition to law, literature\ art, science and tradesBut it should not be understood that by the useful is always co-operative organization of industries, co-operative land purmeant the material. Whatever best contributes to the culti- chasing, co-operative banking and exchange, and the power
vation of the mind and the well-rounded development of the that free money and · free land would be to the workers in
individual is not omitted. But usually that cultivation and de- their efforts to gain. economic freedom from their capitalistic
velopment ~an best be attained by the application of the masters. This university is to be grander in design, broader
physical and mental powers to something that is or tends to in scope and utilitarian purposes, and with a capacity for a
larger number of students than any other university hitherto
be materially useful.
The individual is made up of mind and body and his per- established in the United States. And its terms are to be
fect development requires the proportionate and symmetrical within the easy reach of all the workers. The founders of
development of these two constituent~ . "Mens sana in corpore Llano Colony realize that knowledge is power, and that knowlsano," is the object and sum of life; a perfect mind in a per- edge is. gained by education, by experience in actual contact
fect body, perfectly developed in all their powers and func- with the world, and in the practice of the arts, trades, protions; and in the Llano Colony schools the student is taught fessions and vocations in which the student ha~ been trained
how this development may be most nearly approximated. De- and educated.
They realize- that education is a very necessary means in ·
velopment requires exercise; for the body, action; for the
the struggle for industrial freedom,
mind, thought. Thought and action
but that without a complete underscientifically directed and properly prostandi-n g of the fundamental essentials
portioned are the only means by which
to successful co-operative production
this development may be attained. The
and just distribution, which essentials
ideal man is not the dreamer, the seare collective ownership of land by
dentary scholar, nor the mac 1 e phiproducers and consumers, and exlosopher. The ideal man co ines in
change of the proauds of labor at
healthful measure both thou ht and
labor cost of ha ndling, and how to efaction. Learning and labo . physical
fect their legal possession and conlabor, should go hand in and, and
current operation during the' period of that is what industrial education
educating the workers and re-organizmeans. The ideal school system then
ing ownership,-all private and public
necessary to this complete development
educational plans and systems and
will be that which gives the student
schemes, all schools of every. descripproper oprortunities for the exercise
tion, colleges, universities and foundaof these two faculties-mind and body.
tions; however grand and noble their
He must have time to think {study),
purposes and aspirations may be or
and to act {labor, exercise).
whatever the merits and advantages
Briefly stated, the patron saints of
their founders may claim for them, are
the Llano Colony schools are F roebel,
only contributing to the further upMontessori, and Solomon. But the
building and strengthening of a dommethods of these natural educators are
inant, powerful, and unyielding propso extended and adapted as to be apThe children learn many things at Llano.
erty class.
plied along with "book-learning" to
· These are making quilts for their beds
In the struggle to gain industrial
every department of education. The
freedom, in the process of organizing
arts, trades, and sciences are all drawn
and building up the Co-operative Comupon in well balanced proportion, and
natural methods applied most largely to the teaching of them monwealth, in the transition of ownership of great labor-emall. The graduates of Llano Colony schools will go forth from ploying productive industries, and in the adjustment of details
their alma mater with no sickly, false, or sentimental views of in all their industrial, political, and legal phases, the educated
life. The whole tendency of its educational system is to give man with the special training for the work to be done will the student wholesome and healthful ideals of learning and be preferred to the untrained, -under educated and inefficient
labor, of duty and happiness, and to equip him for getting the one, just as he would be in any other great undertaking. In
most and the best out of the years before him. The ~tudent this great movement already begun, all the powers of educated
is expected to pass imperceptibly from the schools to the trade minds and skilled hands available will be in demand and utior occupa·tion in life which his natural aptitude has led him lized. In that sense and for the purposes of organization anc!
all along to select, and in the Co-operative Commonwealth intelli~ent leadership, education embracing law, political econcontinue the process of self-development, mental, moral, and omy and parliamentary practice and tactics is necessary to
physical. That is the real, the true Continuation School; the working class. But if there are those, be they reformers or
for traine~ men are at the head of each ind}Jstrial department, revolutionists, who hope to solve the industrial problem by
and the workers in each constitute under the Llano co-opera- first l?;aining contn;,l of government through a political party
tive regime a school in itself wherein are intelligently and in order to establish the principles they teach, leaving meanscientifically discussed and investigated all matters of interest while their graduates and the workers to the chance anel
pertaining to their future physical life in the Co-operative circumstance of conditions in competitive society and the
Commonwealth. And it is the desire and purpose of the found- wage-system under capital-ownership, their hopes must end in
ers of the Llano Colony to extend their schoql system by help- disappointment and tlleir work in a yet stronger capitalism.
.'
..
�Arricahare
Page fourteen
Merchandising the Abnosphere
I l
The Western Co.mrade
sy
Atanao.n seuion•
N tho !OUI Ant<lop< Volky ;, the ''malcing " of on< pounds in baling, h~uling and shipping. After that, on the
of the most wonderful dairy and stock sections of same acre, he raised another two ton crop, thus totaling fourthe world. Along with the profitable cow, goes the teen tons. Fourteen tons of alfalfa, with the usual grain, will
lean meat hog, whence comes the kind of bacon that feed three ordinary cows a year, if fed without waste.
The sun, the ocean, the winds and the high mountains play
rapidly mounts up into cash.
In the Canadian Northwest there are three months in· the strange-pranks on the Pacific coast. The soft southwest winds
year-July, August and Winter. In the Antelope Valley alse laden with moisture, evaporated by the tropic sun, sweep over
there are three months in the year-December, January and . the valley and precipitate their burden in the high Sierras. So
all through the hay-making season no rains fall in the broad
Summer.
One basis of wealth of this rapidly growing district is alfalfa. valley. The dry air cures the hay perfectly, so practically
The soil throughout the valley is easily inoculated with nitrogen- every crop is saved without a loss. In the hottest weather the
fixing bacteria, which, soon after the germination of the plant, rake follows the mower, putting the new mown hay into small
begin to develop nodules and to draw the nitrogen .from the shocks, where is cures perfectly in from two to five days, and
air. The hotter the air the faster the bacteria work, extract- retains all its leaves.
Alfalfa is the best roughage for milk cows, young animals
ing the nitrogen from the atmosphere and soaking it into the
sap of the alfalfa root, through providing all the nitrogen and lean stock. Horses and cattle will grow to full size on
necessary for rapid growth. With water plentifully and skil- alfalfa. Heifers developed solely on alfalfa make famous
fully applied the limit of production is usually guaged by the milk producers. There are thousands of cows that annually
amounts of available sulphur and phosphorous in ·the soil. produce more than a hundred dollars' worth of butter fat on
Sodium carbonate or bicarbonate is nearly always present in nothing but alfalfa hay. They would do better with grain
and a better balanced ration, but the cheapness of alfalfa
sufficient quantities to preserve the alkalinity of the soil.
One of the landmarks of progress in agriculture is· the dis- makes grain feeding a doubtful source of profit.
Hogs frequently grow from weaning time to a weight of
covery that sulphur is one of the primarily important plant
foods. For many years the cow colleges have told us that 400 pounds on alfalfa pasture, with occasional periodical
phosphates, potash and nitrates are the only plant foods with . forays into a barley field, or a raisin vineyard where waste fruit
which a farmer need ordinarily concern himself. Recently was left. If time enough is taken, the pasture, shelter, shade
numerous experimentors almost simultaneously announced that and water kept in best condition, a pound of grain will make
their soils respond more readily to applications of pure sulphur a pound of pork. The more grain the quicker the hog will
than anything else. A chemical analysis of alfalfa hay shows mature, but the hog business in Llano will doubtless consist
in making pork on alfalfa pasture.
a greater amount of sulphur than phosphorous.
In many parts of California
The sulphur is commonfy applied to the soil in gypsum (limerye sown in September on irrigated land will often be ready to
sulphate), superphosphate, or
head out in January and makes
in sulphate of potash. In this
On Home Books
valley one of the soil ingredients
a wonderful pasture. Alfalfa
By A. Constance Austin
growers often sow grain in the
generally present is sodium sulBOOK-a childhood's treasure, or the choice
alfalfa fields after cutting the
phate, or Glauber's salts. This
Of some forbear who else has left no sign,
last crop in the fall. It grows all
salt is sometimes called "white
By its mere presence, its patina fine
alkali." Alfalfa growers have
winter and the grain will be cut
Of use and age, speaks in a subtle voice
noticed that the heaviest crops
with the first crop of alfalfa.
To that deep self which first we brought to earth;Fresh from the rimaI truth of the beyond,
grew on the edges of the "alkali
Sometimes it is threshed, and the
Yet conscious of experience, of a bond.spots." Till recently they had no
straw, mixed with alfalfa hay,
Feeling the weight of all the lives whose worth,
authority for the belief that
makes very fine feed.
And weakness, builded up his own. This soul,
Sugar beets, turnips, mangels,
white alkali, or sodium sulphate
Befogged by futile fact, behind whose veil
We crouch, dismayed by glimpses of the goal
was food for alfalfa. Now we
carrots and other hardy roots
Whose vastness daunts; --yet thrills to feel the frail
know it is good because of. the
grow thriftily through the winReRect and perfume of the past, control
sulphur it contains.
ter, if started in November or
Him with an inward power beyond assaiL
There has always been much
December. Canadian field peas
Then those torn covers show where childish hands
discussion of the possible tonand crimson clover are other allBroke in to seize the message; -not mere words,
nage of alfalfa that could be
winter
crops grown successfully
But aspirations. Still the mem'ry girds
grown on an acre. The Fresno
after the ground is inoculated, or
Us on to meet lhe p romise; it commands
County Fair Association once
the indigenous bacteria adapted
A vision of the glowing haze that stands
Between youth and life's streos; - that youth constarted an alfalfa contest to find
by continuous planting.
demned
out. Under the strictest rules and
Alfalfa is an air plant. Its
To see the tide of his full pulses stemmed
supervision the winner cut and
nitrogen comes from the air
By the dead reef of custom's set demands.
delivered at the fair grounds,
through the bacteria on its roots,
But those first books seem but a breath, to bid
Him catch at every dream in which lhe past,
before the first of October.
the carbon comes from the air
Hope's free. insptring lessons age-long hid,
eleven tons, fifteen hundred
and enters the plant through the
To beckon onward to the best and last.
pounds of clean, fine, well-cured
leaves. The good dairyman marThus lhe old books, even unread, forbid
hay, all grown on an acre, in one
kets his butter-fat and returns
Soul-weary worldliness to bind us fast.
season. The grower cla~ms to
most of the milk to the wil by
havt lost more than five hundred
{Continued on 'P.ase 26)
A
�The
Western
Comrade
Mechanics
Industrial Mechanics
JJ
may be a misfortune to be regarded a seeing everything through the eyes of a mechanic, but we can
"find tongues in trees, books in the running brooks,
sermons in stones, and good in everything," so we
will look for the good in being · so regarded and see what
can be found.
In the first place the real mechanic must have vision. He
must be able to see beyond surface conditions. When· he
looks at a part of a machine, he must see more than a dirty,
greasy piece of iron. He must see the relation of parts to
each other and be able to trace motion from one part to another through a maze of intricacy. He must look through the
paint and finish and even through solid iron walls and bars,
and see what is going on behind them.
He learns to know instinctively how much each part can
stand and how much strain it takes to snap it. He learns
to recognize when parts are related in the best manner
and when they are not, what parts are superfluous; when the
essentiai ones are functioning properly and when they are not.
So something good can really come out of Nazareth.
Industry is a pretty broad term. It covers a lot of activity
and only by induslljY is life possible. We must work to live
and we must produc~ material things. Material things are
vitally necessary to our existence and the more of these
Page, fifte'en
By L.
w.
Millsap, Jr.
eat, and furnish the means o'f producing it. They determine
our habits and our thoughts; the kind of shelter we use; the
kind of clothes we wear; the places where we hve, and the
distances over which we travel.
.
This being true, it is fitting and it is important that we
give some consideration to the mechanics of industry, ·for
no matter where we go, at home or abroad, at peace or at
war, it is the person, or group of persons, or state, or nation,
which is developed the most highly along mechanical lines
that survives the longest. Darwi·n says the fittest will always
survive. This being true, the fittest are the persons or nations
who have developed the farthest along mechanical lines, for
in the ultimate it is still the forces'· of nature we must defend
ourselves from and make use of to sust<tin our lives.
In Llano we have dared to step into unknown realms, not
unmindful that we are likely to make both discoveries and mistakes. We realize the importance of the mechanical development of our enterprise. To the outsider coming from an
environment where mechanical lines are highly organized, our
first steps along ~echanical lines may seem uncertain. In a
desert where nature's material is in an absolutely raw state
our efforts seem puny and the out:.icYer doesn't realize that our
progress has been made with a minimum expenditure of
money. He cries "inefficiency" but that is a relative term.
Extreme left shows scene in building rock-iined ditches for irrigation; center shows one corner of the machine shop; right is the Llano barber shop.
material things we make use of the more highly developed
our life becomes.
These material things are all composed of nature's raw
material transformed to suit our needs, and from the dawn of
history the problem of transforming them has confronted us.
In solving it we have made discoveries. We have discovered
relations between things, laws, principles, and processes, and
one discovery has led to another. As a principle becomes
clear in our minds it suggests an arrangement of material to
make it operative.
In arranging material to serve our purpose, we have discovered new principles and so on, and in this way all the laws
of mechanics have been established.
This has grown through the ages until we little realize how
much our life depends upon it. From birth to death we are
dependent more and more upon mechanical devices, and the
use we make of these discoveries determines whether our lives
will be full of happiness and comfort or misery and suffering.
Our discoveries along this line more than any other one
thing determines the degree of our development.
Our mechanical discoveries have determined what food we
A bicycle is more efficient than walking, ev.e n though not as
efficient as an auto.
The valuable fact is tha t we are improving our methods.
Our people are gaining experience; mechani·c al genius is encouraged. Our future city is planned in such a way as to
make the greatest use of mechanical means of communication,
distribution, transportation, the securing of both comfort and
convenience, and in the creation of architectural art. Never
before has such a thing been attempted and definitely planned
throughout a whole city and nowhere could it be accomplished
but in a co-operative community, such as is being established
at Llano. From time to time we hope to keep our readers
informed in regard to the developments in the mechanics of
industry throughout the world and also about the development,
and use of mechanical means which we now use in making life
more beautiful to all who choose to work with us at Llano, and
to those who make use of our experience in other places, and
we hope it will prove interesting, for mechanical devices serve
a much more noble purpose when used In the constructive
work of making life easy, comfortable and beautiful, than when
used for the destructive purposes of war.
,
�Page sixteen
Arricvl
Llano's S olution of the
~----------------------------------------------------------------~-------------- ·By Wesley
rw
HEN the lowlands are shrouded in shadows the beauti- siastic, and affirm that soorr Lhino will be supplied through
ful Antelope Valley is basking in the warm sunshine. their labors with all their garden vegetables.
The ocean mists are dispersed and lose their power
Peas, being among the legumes, should grow on a desert
- - - before the uplands are reached. December finds soil, as it produces nitrates in the nodules on its ' roots, which
Llano reveling in the warm sunlight; not a cloud to mar th~ can be used as food by the plant. In theory this is right.
beauty of our perfect days.
But our experience in planting them on raw soils has not
When other cities art taking their vegetables from a ho~ been a success. Through the light of this experience let us
house, we are able to go to the field and select them. The theorize still farther. The physical condition of our soils
housewives of Llano will be able to have lettuce, radishes, might be such as to hinder root development. This also can
cabbage and many delicacies of the table the year around, be improved by cultivation. We must search for the time and
which would be prohibitive to a majority in other communities the fundamental cause in the physiology of the plant itself.
The seed of any plant contains proteids to a more or less
In our climate the growing grocery bill has no terrors. We
have water and land in abundance and the application of extent. The proteids are nitrogenous compounds. The drain
labor to our land has brought forth abundantly of the good on the soil nitrogen does not take place to any great extent
until the seeds are formed. To this rule we must add a notable
things of life.
Our gardens have supplied our wants, and experiments exception. In the leguminous plants the stems and leaves
which have been and are carried out is sufficient evidence contain a great deal of protein. The leguminous plants, howupon which we can safely make the assertion that within a ever, produce very little nitrates in the nodules on their roots
very short space of time we will be self-sustaining. Through until maturity is reached. An incident which came to mythe development of our agricultural resources we see a haven notice carries out this theory. "
Alfalfa which had been planted on new soil grew about
of refuge for many more from the struggle of Capitalism.
By the application of scientific methods in the preparation three inches and stood there. It began to turn yellow and
looked sickly, yet it lived but did not grow. I pulled some
of our soils, we have achieved some astonishing results.
Those things which were considered impossible by those who <lf the alfalfa and examined the roots. Nothing seemed wrong,
farmed here for ,Years have by cocoperative management (the
result of many minds working toward the same end) been overcome, and
today the utterly impossible agriculture feats are positive actualities.
Potato culture by the little individual farmers of the vicinity was impossible.
They failed to perceive the fact that we have here a soil totally lacl(ing in
humus, and as a consequence the nitrogen, phosphorical and potash elements
are also low. ·The potato contains these elements in compounds. A soil lacking
them will not grow potatoes. They relied upon empirical. rather than scientific
knowledge. They saw the results of planting on raw soils. It had been tried
and had failed.
It was left to us to first feed the soil and then grow po,tatoes. This
could be done in two ways. By the application of barnyard manure, which
would in time supply the food .elements necessary, or plant some leguminous
crop as a green fertilizer.
The first method was clumsy and slow, being adopted to intensive rather than
extensive soil rejuvenation. The element nitrogen contained in the organic
matter of the manure has to pass through a period of decay in order to release
the ammonia and nrtric acid, which are converted by nitrifying bacteria int...,
nitrates which may be used for plant food. When immediate results must be
attained, we then naturally turn to the only remaining alternative.
Some of our old alfalfa fields acquired from the farmers formerly here
were run out, and practically unfit for further use in producing hay. These
were plowed under, and in this way we found a practical, quick, extensive,
and easy solution of the problem of soil development.
By planting in February we have demonstrared the fact that an early crop
of potatoes of very good quality can be grown. A planting in July will proI
duce a good crop in October. By a system of double cropping and crop roNo true idea of the plan of the City of Llano to be built on the
tation, which would be necessary under heavy croppi'ng, we can grow an abun- city, can be given by any mere design. However, the cut shown here
dant supply of potatoes of very good quality on a small tract of land.
It will be seen that the streets radiate from a center. In this center
A great number of other small vegetables could not, in the psychology of dustries, the amusements, schools, etc. Novel features which can not
the small farmer, be grown. Peas were an utter failure until agriculturists, similar design. and the unique construction of houses gives it features
brought to the notice of Llano people. Each home will have a small ·
with the aid of the boys, raised several hundred pounds on as many squ;ue and will give perfect privacy. yet with no waste of space. It is d
feet of soil. This year a large field is being planted. The boys are all en.thu- greater privacy and beauty of surroundings than by any other plan .
l'
�Page seventee~~
re
•
Growing Grocery ·B I I I
ornes----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~------~
but the root nodules - peculiar to legumes were absent. The
mystery was solved later. At four to five inches in height the
alfalfa began to bloom. After clipping the crop began to grow
and several crops were harvested that year. We explained the
im::ident in the fact that no nitrates had been formed in the
roots and, as the soil contained none, no growth could take
place until the period of maturity, when the nitrates, through
the bacterial action, were produced.
In Llano we had the same experience with beans. The plant
made no growth until forced to bloom in order that reproduction might take place.
The pea having, therefore, a greater protein content in its
leaves than beans have, could not be successfully raised on our
soils until the nitrogen content of the soil had been increased
by the application of manure, which has -been proven beyond
a doubt by the experiment carried out in our schools.
Realizing the necessity of soil fertility, every particle of
manure is hauled upon the land. In this way the plant foods
are left on the soil instead of wasting in large rotten compound heaps around the barns, which is often the case on
some farms.
Alfalfa cropping is now considered one of the cheapest
methods of enriching our soils. Hundreds of acres are and
have been prepared for spring planting. Alfalfa means more
slope of the San Gabriels about one mile from the present
convey some idea. It is a sector drawn out in some detail.
be clustered the administration building a nd cert~in silent in·
here will make it much different from any other city of
to those proposed for any other city that has been
yard, will have a frontage on a city-maintained park.
fo r the Llano plan that more persons can be housed with
devised.
stock, which means ·more meat, milk, and butter in the larder.
A yea·r ago, where we now see hundreds of acres of young
·alfalfa was a barren waste capable of providing .only small
crops.
We are looking toward the future. Experiments which we
have tried demonstrate to our satisfaction that other crops,
such as cereals, may be grown successfully in this district.
An experiment station has grown out of the demand for further
experiments and tests along agricultural lines. The aim of
this station will be to help make Llano self-sustaining by finding methods which will enable us to grow these things not yet
grown. The flour problem will be the first attacked. Experiments will be tried using the dry and irrigation methods of
growing wheat. We do not hope for a large yield per acre
on raw soil. It is believed, however, that if proper methods
of farming were used a yield of fifteen bushels per acre
could be had. If these experiments materialize, at the present
price of flour a yield of only ten bushels per acre would pay
us well.
The growing of wheat on fertilized soil has, however, been
tried with very satisfactory results. A yield of about thirty
bushels to the acre was harvested on a small tract. It is only ·
necessary to plow under alfalfa and incorporate in our soils
the needed organic material and the problem is solved.
Llano is a natural fruit country. Sloping gently to the north
the beautiful valley lies like a great vista before us. The greatest slope is
about three per cent gradually in the valley, to less than one-half of one per
cent. A perfect system of drainage is the first requisite in growing fruit trees.
The altitude is something over three thousand feet. The beautiful, clear, warm
days of spring eliminate all danger of early frost. A deep mineral soil makes
horticulture a pleasure and not a problem. Nowhere in the world is there
more natural horticultural advantages.
A deep soil means a well developed root system. The tree tries to equalize
the development of root and top. As the root branches out and comes in
contact with more plant food in the soil, it is able to support more top. The
stems become hardier and are able to resist drought better, because the extended root system comes in contact with more ·soil moisture.
Today, where hundreds of acres of young pear trees stand like young
sentiruels in long straight rows, almost as far as the eye can reach, a year ago
was a wilderness of greasewood and sage brush. These fields have been brushed,
leveled and planted. Horticulturist Comrade Dawson realizes the importance
and possibilities of fruit cuhure here and is planning to extend his work to
greater fields. The experience in raising different kinds of fruits has been
more than satisfactory. Apples grow and produce abundantly, the mineral
elements of the soil imparting a color and flavor unbeatable. The quality make~
the fruit of this section especially sought in the markets. The luscious fruit
of the red raspberry, blackberry, dewberry and strawber.ry are a few of the
experiments in this department which have proven a wonderful success.
Acres of alfalfa, fruits and garden growing upon a desert soil. Each new step
must be taken with caution. Each new idea must be carefully tried before
using. Ignorant of the productive power of our soils, we must necessarily
work for a time in the dark. The results achieved have been remarkable. We
stand today upon a firm foundation. Every necessity and even luxury can be
had through scientific handling of our soils, and this can be accomplished
by a united people working side by side for the same ideal. With the inspiration of Socialism bdor~ us, we have shown the world a true co-opera~
tive farm in action.
�Page eighteen
Fictioo
The H0 p e B0 X
MILY PAGE rapped 5oftly. She had almost forgotten
her promise to Bob, and as she stood at the door,
she wondered just what she would say first. There
- --· was no response as she pushed the door open.
"Oh! please excuse me, Miss Best," she exclaimed. "I had
no idea that you were busy."
''I'm not busy, but I didn't hear anyone at the door. I'm
just playing," Phoebe Best answered, "so please come in. ~
was just pressing these two little guest towels. I love them,
don't you?"
_
She carefully pressed the last fold in the second piece of
linen and held both up for Emily's inspection. The toweling
was fine and satiny and the ends of each towel were .finished
with exquisite tatted edging.
"Did you do all that work yourself?" Emily asked after a
careful scrutiny of the towels.
"Oh! yes," Phoebe answered shyly, a little embarassed by
the praise her caller's tone implied. "I enjoy it -;;:- but my
work isn't nearly so nice as my sister's. I've some things she
did for me. Would you like to see them?"
"Indeed I should!" Emily felt that she was a long ways
from the subject she had come to discuss, but there would be
plenty of time for that, and even if she didn't have time for
it herself. she admired pretty neddlework, and very soon she
would have to be buying some for herself. The thought brought
a happy little smile to her eyes.
Phoebe went over to her trunk and after carefully unlocking
it and much tugging and lifting she carried the second tray
over close to the light.
Emily gave a gasp of surprise. She had expected to see
perhaps a half dozen· pieces of fancy work, but here in neat
array was a whole trunk tray simply loaded with linen! But
Phoebe was too intent on her task to notice her visitor's amazement. She picked up a pile of towels.
"There are some I did myself, the very first, so they are
not extra pretty, but they will do to wipe faces on, don't you
think?" She glanced up with a bright little smile. "Oh!
here are the ones Mary made for me. She does such pretty
crochetting. I've never learned, I guess I'm stupid, but we
used to trade work. I'd tat for her and she did these for me."
Phoebe patted the towels affectionately, and put them on
a chair beside her. Emily felt that she herself was a long, long
way from the errand that had prompted her call, but how
should she begin when this radiant faced little creature insisted on displaying her entire store of linens. Not that Emily
didn't enjoy it. She did, immensely, only she wished she knew
how to begin what she wished to say.
"I really haven't such a lot," Phoebe continued. "You see
these four table cloths take up a good deal of room, and a
trunk tray doesn't hold such a big lot, after all. But sometime
I'm going to get more linen sh_!!ets. I do like the feel of them,
don't you? They are so cool and clean!"
Suddenly Emily leaned forward and -reaching her hand
across the white heap in her lap, she caught Phoebe's.
"This looks mighty suspicious, Miss Best. You don't mean
that you left a perfectly good man at home, and came up here
to work in the office!"
Phoebe's pretty face Hushed, but her eyes danced merrily.
"Oh, gracious no! There isn't anyone like that, at least not
yet. But I'm sure, mpst girls, deep down in their hearts are
looking forward to the time when they will have their own
-1
IE
The Western
Comrade
By Helen Frances Easley
little homes, and while I can't say exactly that I'm getting really
ready, I've always thought that if that happy time came to me,
I'd like to have some pretty things of my own, and I kner." that
if I didn't get them along slowly, I'd never have them, for I
wouldn't have money enough at once, or even if I saved a
year, to get all the things I would want."
Her voice trailed off wistfully. After all, the girl across
from her was onlY' an acquaintance of a month and such a
confidence might bore her.
'
To be sure 'Emily's grasp had relaxed, but reflected in her
own eyes was the same wistful expressiGn of Phoebe's.
"Of course I understand," she said gently, and then quickly
putting the towels back in place, she rose quickly.
"Really, I must be running back, I only came in for a
minute--"
"Oh, I'm sorry if I've kept you from anything," Phoebe
broke in, "I was so glad to see you. I wish you would come
in oftener. I wish you could stay now, but I hope that I
haven't detained you."
"Not at all," Emily assured her, "but I must hurry now,
I'll see you in the morning." There was something breathless
about her manner. It puzzled Phoebe for a moment, but as
she put away her "hope box," it slipped her mind. However,
she would have been more perplexed if she could have seen
her caller.
Emily ran down the hall, and closed the door a5 though she
were being pursued by furies. Once in her own room she
dropped into a chair.
"Why-why-," she gasped, "she's one of the sweetest girls
I ever knew, but I didn't suppose she would be like that!"
Whatever "that" stood for, Emily didn't say, but she continued to speak incoherently.
"Bob will call me silly, I guess, and we all could have such
good times together, but I didn't think she was like that. I
just can't take the responsibility. I guess I am silly, but I
couldn't ask her!"
For a long time she sat there thinking vague thoughts, long
after Phoebe, four rooms down the hall, the innocent cause
of it all had gone to sleep. Emily wondered what excuse she
would give to Bob, and what he would think of It all.
She thought a good deal about Phoebe, too. They all
liked her at the office. She was so sweet and obliging, and in
her month's stay, they had found her a most welcome addition. The force of the Parks' Advertising Agency was vet)'
congenial. It was not comprised of many people, but all were
capable and big hearted, and while there was a great deal of
work to be done, there was time for a certain amount of
friendliness. They were all proud of the Agency, which was
young, and every bit of new business was a boost, if properly
taken care of, and each seemed to feel that it was an especially assigned task to look after it. Perhaps this mutual feeling
of enthusiastic interest and ambition helped the cordial feeling
that existed at the office.
Finally what seemed a gigantic piece of good luck had come.
It was by far the biggest piece of business that had ever been
offered to them. The exploitation of a new food-stuff had
been given exclusively to the Parks' Advertising Agency, and
was being put out by a well known company whose funds guaranteed prompt payment for work done for them.
Mr. Parks, the manager, had called the entire force together,
and the congratulations that greeted his announcement was
�The Western Comrade
Fiction
Page nineteen
assurance enough that each and every one would .work heartily no one else was present-Bob called out happily. "Party all
and willingly. But no matter how enthusiastic they might be, fixed?"
it was physically possible for them to do only so much work,
Emily shook her head mutely.
and Mr. Parks was well aware of it. He valued his emplQyees
"Oh, didn't you get to see Miss Best?"
too highly to ask them to overdo, and he realizea that this new
Emily nodded this time.
campaign would mean a vast amount of extra work. Already
"Yes, I saw her, Bob." She was silent a moment, then
Bob Bruce and Russel Stevens, the two copy men, were al~ost spoke vehemently.
•
'
to their limit. Bob stayed in the office, but Russel looked
"I don't know how to tell you, Bob, you wouldn't underafter the out of town work, often being absent .a week, so it stand, but I just couldn't ask her. She has a regular hope
was plain that their present work would not allow them much box, and she expects to get married."
time for anything new.
"Oh! Engaged! " Bob looked interested.
"No, not engaged. It's hard to explain, but she has all
The campaign, as outlined, would include a number of cooking contests, with prizes given for novel and attractive uses those pretty things, and she expects to meet a man some time,
of the new product. Also a good many newspaper stories a man whom she'll marry."
Bob's expression was one of absolute incredulitY.
would be needed, articles that would interest the women
"But I don't get you, Emmy. That doesn't seem a very
readers.
Some one suggested getting a girl, possibly a graduate in lucid reason, pardon me, dear, for not asking her. I'm not
domestic science, but Mr. Parks was afraid the salary would at all surprised that she expects to be married some day. A
not be sufficiently large to attract such a person. However he girl with her charm could hardly expect to escape, and anywrote to the head of the domestic science department of one way it's perfectly natural for everybody to expect to get married some day. So I don't see why you should have let that
o~ the Normal schools, stating the whole case, and asking adstand in your way of asking her."
vtce.
Emily watched the street resignedly.
The answer came quite promptly. Miss Brandt wrote that
"I knew you wouldn't understand. But, Bob, you didn't
at that time of the year she had no student she could send,
and as far as she knew all her graduates were teaching. But . see her when she showed me those towels and things, and
she could put them in touch with a very capable young woman, you didn't hear when she spoke of them. And it just seemed
one who had nearly finished the course in domestic science to me that it would be wicked, positively wicked, to ask her
the year before, but had been called home on account of the to go with Russel-- "
Bob interrupted her with a shameless, uproarious laugh.
illness of her mother. She had not been able to return to
"Oh! Emmy girl, I'm beginning to see light. You're afraid
school, but her mother was now quite recovered, and the
department had only a few days before received a letter from this young and unsuspecting maiden will be too greatly imthe ex-student, asking if there wert; any positions open that she pressed by our gallant Russ-" The thought was too
mirth-provoking for Bob to finish his remark.
mi~ht apply for. Of. course none of them had thought of the
"Well, I don't care, Russel Stevens IS nice. I've always
possibility of such a place as the Agency offered, and it might
be that Miss Best would consider the position, for which they thought he was about the nicest man I'd ever met, excepting
you."
heartily recommended her.
The laughter died immediately.
So it was that Phoebe had come among them, a happy
"Oh! Emmy girl, what makes you say such nice things in
hearted, sunny haired little person, who kept up the precedent this office, where we are likely to be favored by an audience
of the Agency for cheerful diligence, and before she had been at any minute·?" There was an inexpressibly tender tone in
with them a week Mr. Parks told the rest that she was a jewel. the man's voice.
To Phoebe's way of thinking, she had a great deal to be
"But, honestly, honey," he went on, "I think you are wrong.
happy for. Her mother was well again, well enough to go to Just because a girl may have some things for the home she
Mary, and then when she was despairing of finding anything may some day have, it's no sign that she is going to fall in
to do this splendid position had found her! How could she love with every man that admires her. And I'm sure Russ
be anything but cheerful and eager to do her very best?
does admire her. He himself planned this party just before
And yet as Emily sat thinking of her, she kept reiterating, he left, a week ago, you know, only he didn't have time to
"I didn't think she was like that!" Indeed it was her last ask her himself, so he left it to us. Why, the four of us could
thought before she went to sleep, and the first in the morning. have the jolliest time together."
She thought of it all the way down town.
"But it doesn't seem quite fair, Bob. There is Edith Stuart,
As bookkeeper for the Agency, she was a busy, alert young you know. Almost everybody thinks she and Russel Stevens
woman. She was generally the first one at the office, and Bob are engaged. He goes around with her more than any one
·'Bruce, second. The rest of the force often asked jf it was else. I suppose she is lovely; a girl with all her money and
the work that caused Bob's promptness. But he and Emily advantages ought to be."
Bob's face sobered.
were sensible young people and took all the chafing in good
"Well, I hadn't thought of her; but, truly, I think they are
part. They saw no particular reason for keeping their engagement secret, and for that matter, the..ofice had surmised just good friends. I'll admit I don't know much about it, but
the truth even before it was announced. They were good com- I'm sure we needn't worry about that. So, will you ask her, or
rades, and didn't mind having it known, and working together shall I?"
Emily laughed. It was a nervous little laugh, to be sure, but
had only heightened the charm.
But this morning Emily was not exceedingly anxious to see it was better than none.
"Perhaps that would be better," she replied; "and anyway
Bob. She didn't know how she was going to explain to him,
but a very few minutes after she reached the office she hea'rd it gives me a chance to wash my hands of the whole matter,
a well-known step in the hall. The door opened and then- - Heartbreaker! "
So Bob did the asking instead of Emily, and Phoebe con"Mornin', Emmy girl"- it was generally "Emmy girl" when
�Page twenty
Fiction
sented happily. She hadn't dared admit even to herself how
lonely she had been, but now that the spell seemed about to
be broken, it came over her suddenly how much she had wanted to go about as the other young people of the <>ffice did:
The little party was a grand success. Even Emily had to
admit it. They had gone first to ah extremely good vaudeville
performance, and afterWards to a quiet little cafe for supper.
It was an event for Phoebe. Her enjoyment was so infectious
that it would have enlivened even the dullest party, and as it
was the other three young people, accustomed to the jolliest of
good times, always remembered it as one of the pleasantest
they had ever experienced. And it proved to be the first of
many that followed.
.
"I like that little Miss Best immensely. A fellow can't help
, but admire her, Bob," Russel confided to his friend. "I hope
we can all go out together often. It would be something
mighty nice to look forward to when fm out on the road."
Bob glanced quickly at his companion. His remark didn't
sound as if he were in love with Miss Stuart. However, he
said nothing of it to Emily, although he did tell her that Russ
said he hoped they could get together often. And while Emily
..--told Bob that Miss Best had assured her that she had had a
delightful time, she did not tell him of the ecstatic glow on
Phoebe's face as she had said it was one of the very best sort
of times she had ever had. For a reason she could not explain even to herself, she felt an unaccountable secrecy as to
Phoebe's appreciation of the evening. Nor could she get away
from the fear that it might end in a heartache for Phoebe.
She could not help but feel that Russel's regard for Miss
Stuart was more than friendship, but she said nothing of it to
Bob. If she had, he might have told her what Russel had
said about something to look forward to, and, in a way, allayed her fears.
But Emily did not allow her qualms to stand in the way
of any of their good times; in fact, after they had been out
together several times she began to think that she had been
altogether wrong in her first idea. It was quite evident that
Russel Stevens admired Phoebe Best and enjoyed taking her
about, and while her attitude toward him was the frendliest
imaginable, even the vigilant Emily could not detect a hint of
a deeper regard. Indeed, Emily was a little ashamed that she
had even thought that Phoebe might not be able to be "just
friends" with a man, on account of that little hope box. Bob
had a perfect right to call her "silly,"
But Phoebe, in her own heart, did not realize how much
Russel Stevens' friendship for her counted. She accepted it
as one of the very good things which had lately come to her,
was deeply grateful for it, but had not once analyzed what it
meant to her.
With the incredible quickness that such things are learned,
Phoebe ·had heard of Edith Stuart, but the rumor was so vague
that Phoebe saw no reason for letting it spoil a very pleasant
friendship, for she honestly believed it to be nothinR more.
Of course, if Mr. Stevens were engaged to the lovely Miss
Stuart-she had been pointed out to Phoebe, and Phoebe used
the adjective in all sincerity- he ~ouldn't care to be going
about with any other girl. She did not even ask Emily about
it, and it was one subject that Emily herself carefully avoided.
One morning Phoebe found a letter on her desk, addressed
in an unfamiliar hand. It was from Russel, and he was' asking
her to please let him call on Thursday evening of the next
week. He was very anxious to see her, and was writing her
because he was afraid she might make another engagement
for the evening!
Phoebe'~ face flushed hotly ; a thousand little triphammers
The
Western
Comrad·e
seemed beating in her veins. What could he mean? If he
wanted· to see her so much that he would write to her, why
surely, surely-- Her heart and not her mind answr.red,
and suddenly she hid her face in her hands as if to hide from
the walls and the furniture the happiness her eyes were proclai91ing.
Next Thursday! That was five days away. Five days to
wonder. And yet she didn't want to wonder. Suppose she
wondered wrong! She· went about her work feverishly, and
there was a suppressed excitement about her that Emily noticed
and could not fathom, a sort of an exaltation, a vivacity that
In a way was new to Phoebe.
'
With almost childish interest, Phoebe found herself crossing
off the days. Wednesday, as she left the office, she thought to
herself, "Only one day more." She hurried to the elevator,
rode to the first floor, passed through the extrance hall to the
door, and there stopped, transfixed by what she saw.
At the edge of the sidewalk, just opposite the door, stood
a limousine, and in it Edith Stuart, lovelier than Phoebe had
ever seen her, whi"le holding the door open was Russel Stevens,
traveling bag in hand. Evidently he had just come in and
Miss Stuart had met him at the depot and had brought him
up town. He had turned and, catching sight of Phoebe, took
off his hat, bowed and resumed the conversation.
Phoebe moved on as one in a dream, her mind a curious,
incoherent jumble, but again and again occurred the tj10ught
that this was Wednesday and Russel was in town. She had
not given the matter any real consideration, but she had supposed that he meant to see her as soon as he came in. But,
instead, he had only bowed to her, a distant, coolly polite greeting. Could he have forgotten the way he had written to her?
Emily pushed the door open quickly, and fortunately the
light in the room was too dim for her to see the white, set
look on Phoebe's face.
"Oh! Phoebe, dear," she said, excitedly, "will you go
with me to see 'Madam Butterfly' this evening? It was Bob's
time to have the complimentary tickets, but he has to write
up the new show at the Radcliff to-night, so he told me to
ask you. And parquet seats at that! Phoebe, think of the
class!" And Emily caught the little figure up in her arms
and danced around gaily from bed to door and back again.
"Let's hurry down and eat dinner, and then dress, for we
want to doll up as much as we can," and she released her
partner long enough to make a little curtsey.
There was no refusing her, and indeed Phoebe grasped at
the chance of a diversion, anything that would make her forget
Phoebe Best. Emily decided what she would wear.
"You look so lovely in your new suit and that beautiful
lace waist that is low in the neck, and please fix your hair
low on your forehead and two big coils at the back. I love it
that way."
They were indeed a pretty pair, and, while they were strangers to those seated near them, there were a good many admiring glances in their direction.
Suddenly there were excited whispers behind them, comments they couldn't help hearing.
"Oh! see; there in the lower right-hand box; yes, the third.
There is that lovely Edith Stuart and her parents. Well, well!
and young Stevens! I suppose that amounts to an announce-ment!"
Instinctively Emily's and Phoebe's eyes also sought the box
designated, and there indeed was Russel Stevens, in company
with the Stuart family. Russel handsome in evening clothes,
and Edith beautiful in a most exquisite gown. They were just
enterin~. and the voices behind went on with their commenb.
�The
Western
Comrade
Fictioa
"Awfully fine young fellow; no money, but ambitious and
very goad family. No, I don't know who the other is"just then another young man, evidently a guest also, seated
himself-" a friend of the family, I suppose . .. Nothing worldly
in their plans for ·Edith, and she could have married m~ney.
Of course, her grandfather's will leaves her amply provided
for; her fortune almost equals her father's. But you wouldn't
call Russel Stevens mercenary; he wouldn't marry her H he
wasn't head over heels in love with her-he's not that
sort--"
The voices drooned on, but were drowned to an indistinct
murmur by the overture, but no music, however loud, could
drown the thoughts in the two girls' minds.
Emily was furious. After all she had been right and Bob
wrong, and just before the curtain went up and the lights off
she had hael time to see the strained look in Phoebe's eyes.
After all, Phoebe did care! Oh! if only they hadn't come,
at least she might have been spared that. Everything was
going wrong! But she dared make no sign that she knew, or
offer one atom of sympathy.
As for Phoebe herself, she had met Russel's eyes in that
one glance, and his had leaped to hers, eager and happy, but
after the barest nod she had looked away, and not once again
during the evening did she turn her head in his direction. Now
she was sure she knew, he meant to tell her of his engagement.
He considered her a good enough friend to be among the first
lo be t?ld. How foolish she had been to let any other thoughts
creep m.
But why, why, did the opera have to he "Madam ButterHly,"
with its haunting, heart-rending music? Phoebe tried to be
philosophical, and persuade herself that it was providential, to
remind her that there were other heartaches than her own,
for ..she could not deny that it was a heartache to her. But
such reasoning brought little comfort. She had allowed herself
to dream, and it was hard to give up.
Finally the curtain went down at the end of the last act,
and the lights flared up to reveal tear-stained faces. Phoebe
was mopping frantically at her eyes, as she smiled apologetically at Emily, and Emily's eyes were also red.
"Really, I couldn't help it," both announced at once.·
The people left the theatre slowly, the aisles were crowded,
but at last they reached the foyea-, and Phoebe glanced up to
look directly into the eyes of Russel Stevens!
"Good evening," he smiled, "This may not be according to
the etiquette book, but if you don't mind, I'm going to take
you home!"
Emily gasped, and Phoebe appeared to be stricken dumb,
but the young man seemed te think that they had not recove'red from the effects of the opera.
He hailed a taxi, and they rode home in comparative silence,
but as he helped the:n out, at the house, he asked Phoebe if
he might see her a little while.
''I'll send her up in a moment or two, Emily, but this is important," and without an answer Emily fled· into the house.
"The crazy man," she said to herself. "I wonder what he
meam? I wonder if Phoebe will tell me."
When they were alone Russel turned to the little person
beside him.
"Did you get my note, Phoebe?" he asked. It was the first
time he had ever called her by her first name.
"Yes," she answered faintly.
"I didn't think I would be lucky enough to get to talk with
you to-night, but when I saw you at the theatre I couldn't wait
until to-mprrow night, so I explained to the folks and they ex-
Page twealy-o,Jie
cused me. Honestly, Phoebe, there were just two things I
wanted to do this whole evening. One was to punch .that
American Officer's face, and the other was to be sitting down
there by you! I'd have given almost anything to have asked
Emily to change places with ·me! It seemed that that was the
place that belonged to me! I want it to always be my very
own place, little girl ! "
Phoebe turned her face up wonderingly. This didn't sound
as if he were engaged to another gi'rl.
"You mean--"
"I ~ean that I want you to love me, as I love you, to be
my Wife some day. Why, Phoebe, sweetest, I've been crazy
about you from the very first, but an idiotic little promise
kept me from telling you."
·
"Yes?" queried Phoebe softly, with something like a sob in
her throat, and evidently Russel thought the little word answered all questions; and indeed it did, for Phoebe offered no
resistance as Russel caught her close in his arms, and held
her as if he would never let her go.
"You see, it was like this," he went on, after a happy little
silence, "Edith Stuart has been engaged to Fred Parker for
some time, and he was the other man in the party tonight. He
has been away for nearly a year, but before he left, a lot of
people who knew them well, suspected, and as they wanted to
keep it a secret, we decided that I'd show Edith a lot of attention. I don't know WHY people want to keep engagements .
secret, do you, little girl? I'm just that happy I want every
one to know it," he laughed boyishly. "But I guess everyone
doesn't think as we do. And I didn't mind it a bit, that is at
first. Edith and I have been good friends since we were little
kids in school. But when I met you, I could hardly wait for
Edith to announce her engagement. I even told her why, and
she wished me 'Good luck.' Fred came back yesterday; the
party tonight was in his honor. It has been planned for nearly
a month, and that's why I knew I could tell you on Thursday.
See? The announcement Gards were mailed tonight, and it
will be in the papers tomorrow. Lot of silliness, I think, but
that's the way they wanted to do it.''
Phoebe laughed happily just from p~re joy, as she patted
the big hand that held one of hers.
"And I wanted to go home with you this afternoon when
you left the office," -"Oh! the dearness of him to be explaining everything that seemed wrong," Phoebe thought"but Edith was in the midst of a long story of her plans, and
then I had to make a report at the office, so . I was sure I
couldn't see you until tomorrow, or is it today, Phoebe? I
do believe it's Thursday morning! I must let you go upstairs,.
and I must go home, for I've got to take the five o'clock train
for Clinton, but I'll be back on the evening train and out here
right after dinner. Tell me 'Good night,' a really-for-sure
·
'Good night,' Sweethea;rt."
It was a radiant Phoebe that softly entered the house. As
she came to ·Emily's door she saw the light through the
transom. Emily was still up.
"Oh! I must tell her," Phoebe whispered to herself, "I
must tell someone, or my heart will burst."
She opened the door a tiny ways, and putting her lips to
the crack called softly.
"Emily."
"Ye,(""You know my hope box and all--"
Phoebe's voice quavered a little over the "all.''
"Yes, honey. Why?"
"Well, I'm going to use it, Emily. It's Russel."
�Page lwehly-two
ill
£ducatiod
A Talk About Babies
is without apology that I present my topic~ We have
talked about chickens and cows and pigs and rabbits
and tractors and airships and limekilns and alfalfa
and we have all been interested and have acknowledged the importance of these things_ Now it is my turn ·to
talk, and I choose babies, or rather, a baby.
A nine months old baby with wonderfully intelligent blue
eyes; straight, well-poised little back and head, and a definite
hand grasp. A beautiful, good natured, perfectly healthy
·
baby, Olga Maria Webster.
The point of my story is to show that the intelligence _in the
eye is a result of systematic response on the part of the parents
to the growing needs of this child and the remarkable· graceful carriage of the little head and back gives evidence of the
fact that the child's muscular development" has also been intelligently assisted.
To refer again to the eyes which make such a striking impression when you meet Olga Maria ; it is not alone the_color
nor the shining clear beauty of the ordinary baby's eye. It
is rather a steady, calm gaze directed where she wishes and for
as long a period as she wills.
Today, for example, a large green ring worn by a visitor
attracted Olga's attention. She reached for it, not with the
usual groping motions of a child of her age, but so definitely
and easily that she took the lady's hand and examined the ring
thoroughly, making no attempt to put the attractive new toy
in her mouth. This was done several times, thus removing
~II doubt as to whether this clean cut grasp was a happy accident or the logical result of her muscular training.
Olga·Maria· Webster very .fortunately fell into the home of
parents who believe with Dr. Montessori "that we should not
consider babies from the physical viewpoint as little men, but
remember that they have characteristics and proportions that
are entirely special to their own age and stage of development."
Mt's. Webster has followed very precisely the rules of health
and hygiene set forth by Dr. L. Emmet Holt in a small book
called "The Care and Feeding of Children."
Aside from careful feeding and bathing and plenty of rest
from any attention at all, Olga has been allowed to kick and
play on her back in naked freedom for at least twenty minutes
before being dressed in the morning and before going to bed
at night. During this play . time she has been encouraged and
stimulated by the many playful tricks that parents use as
naturally as children play. Placing a slight pressure against
the feet, allowing the child to cling to the adult fingers while
the little body is lifted from. the bed by that mysterious inner
force; rocking the baby gently from one side of the bed to
the other and many other natural exercises. These responses
were made with extreme gentleness and Cltfe that the tender
little muscles were not strained or overtaxed.
This sort of parental play is in perfect accord with Froebel's
Idea that education consists in giving an intelligent response to
the child's instinctive movements. He wrote these responses
out in little plays. In fact, never has so great a philosophy of
Mother and Child been written as Froebel's "Mother Play."
In his first play he says; "Watch a mother's answering play
as her happy baby kicks; she will brace her hands to please
him or in loving sort she'll tease him with her playful tricks."
In each succeeding play he· taught mothers to make the indefinite baby act definite by offering resistance, slight at first,
The
By Prudence
s.
Western
Comrade
Brown
but gradually increasing with the increasing ability of the
child to overcome resistance. He said: "It is the destiny of
man to become co~cious of the divine essence within• him and
to reveal this in I in self determination and freedom."
The Webster pa ents· are nurturing this inner demand for
expression by a p ayful response to Olga's natural activities.
Dr. Montessori, like Froebel, cherishes that "sacred flame,"
that inner life, and says that her method ·" is a defence and
fortification of the inner life." She says: "The tendency of
the child to stretch out on his back and kick his legs in the
air is an expression of physical needs related to the proportions
of his body."
Olga was given this exercise, as we said before, twice each
day and at two months she began to lift her back into a bow
and leap across the bed. At four months she would hang
head down with great delight, her mother holding her by the
ankles. Beginning as early as two months the parents had encouraged her to cling to a half inch rod with her hands and
at four months she would hang her full weight by her hands
on this rod.
Just how much Mr. and Mrs. Webster have studied Froebel
and Montessori I do not know, but whether they have ever
studied or not, I do know that they have used just the method
and employed the means given by both of these ~reat genius
educators.
One very tactful toy given Olga Maria is a large, firm
rubber ball hung from a bar that stretches from the head to
the foot of the bed upon which Olga plays. This has stimulated the little muscles just enough to incite a playful response.
This ball was given to. her when she was two months old and
has been a daily plaything. She now, at nine months, consciously pushes the ball with her feet to her Father or Mother
when they swing it toward her.
Froebel's worsted balls of the six primary colors, one inch
and a half in diameter, were also hung on this rod. The device used by Mr. Webster was to slide the large ball away
and replace it with the small balls. These small balls incite the
ambidextrous use of the hands and arms and strengthen the
back muscles. At eight months Olga played ball; that is,
she would return a ball thrown by her Mother with a definite
overhand throw.
The pendulum play given by Dr. Montessori in her chapter
on Muscular Education is now one of Olga's favorite games.
This consists of a ball suited to the size of the child's hands
hung by a cord attached to the bar. The child seated comfortably catches the ball as it swings toward her and she
returns it by pulling it and letting go, or by striking it back.
This exercise is especially good for the arms and the · spinal
column and is an exercise in which the eye guages the distance
of bodies in motion and is as adaptable to the wee child who
cannot yet walk as to the child from two to six years of age.
At five months Olga began to sing; not a tune, but a distinct
singing tone-Mrs. Webster had sung to her each day while
bathing and dressing her. She now sings about four distinct
tones. About the same time Mrs. Webster began throwing
the spectrum colors on the bed or anywhere near Olga Maria
and she would try to catch them or seemed to wonder why
she could not.
At six months the baby would sway her body in perfect time
to the Hiawatha two step. At eight months she would run her
(Continued on Page 26) .
�The Western Comrade
l!J
Womea's
Department
Montessori--the woman
Page twenty-three
By Frank E. Wolfe
0 have achieved the highest ambition one co~ld wish;
from the fabric, her face would light up with ineffable tento have diiven forward to a goal so beautiful that it derness, as if she had smoothed out the last wrinkle from all
is beyond vision, and yet to have retained the delight~ the pillows of pain of all the children of the world, and the talk'
ful simplicity of manner and expression that one would take a quick turn to the great benefits to come to the
sometimes sees in an unspoiled, natural child, is to have con~ happy dwellers in the magic dream city.
quered the world and its works. That this v.ictory has been
Montessori has an intense social passion. Her whole system
gained by a modern educator is my conclusion after an hour of education rests upon better conditions for the people.
with one of the most remarkable women of the age : Maria . Social betterment, sanitation, hygienics, improved environment,
destruction of fear for the future welfare of the child-all this
Montessori.
That she has reached an ultimate or solved a problem, no enters into these wonderful plans, but, if one 'must say it,
one will claim. Montessori simply makes straight the way she fell disappointingly short at the climax. She did not go
for an educational system that ultimately will sweep aside the into the economic side of her plan; she just qui~ where a
old method. She has made her demonstration by use of the dozen words would have bridged us across. That this was,
most wonderfui, most beautiful, and most plastic thing in the of course, simply a betterment, a small social conquest, and
not a finality; that the great victory for humankind would
universe: the mind of the young child.
"Dotoressa will be here presently," was the siinple announce- only come with the abolition of exploitation; that the "City
ment of one of the disciples,
and the soft intonation of the
word showed the devotion
back of it. When Dr. Montessori came into the room,
she swept a swift glance that
covered each stranger, then as
quickly returned and classified us. It was all impersonal
yet unmistakable. She was
keenly conscious of the presence of strangers, but her
poise held her through the
rather awkward pause that
followed our presentation. In
a low seat, surrounded by a
circle of absorbed listeners,
a low broad table before her,
she once more took the situation into her capable hands.
She spoke slowly and simply
at first, then as her subjects
SPORTS are not neglected in Llano. Each year a baseball team is formed . Last year the Llano boys
possessed her the clear ring ot
showed such ·prowess that they became valley champions and could find none to play against them. There
her voice expressed eloquentare also football teams, basketball teams, etc., in the seasons when these sports are so popular.
ly the intellectual and nervous
force which is the great part
of her powers.
In appearance the Dotoressa fills one's ideals of a beautiful of the Sun" would then be for all, and poverty, and with it,
Italian woman of noble character. Her complexion is won- sickness and crime, would be no more-there is where this
derful and ihe heightening color that came to her face in the beloved Dotoressa failed us.
exuberance of her talk, accentuated her rare beauty. Her
Of course we are insatiable, and after all we are not,
eyes set well apart, are luminous and expressive of her quick through her, seeking surcease for the sorrows of the oppressed.
emotions. Watching her as she sat dressed in something soft She is doing her work and doing it well. It was only when
and dark, her wealth of shadowy hair framing her face, her she came to the reformer part that she was at all disappointing.
It is in her educational work that she has won her great
hands moving swiftly among the papers, maps, and pictures
before her, one lost the sense of the presence of all others renown and her model city is but a diversion. But it is not
and surroundings. She talked rapidly in rather sharply punc- purposeless. Her every action and motive is always worthy.
tuated periods. Every sentence carried thought and purpose.
The "City of the Sun" was worked out remarkably well by the
At the time when her explanation of her "City of the Sun" Spanish architect who had made the drawings. The explana-for that was her theme-touched upon · the lives of the tion was doubly interesting because of the way in which Dr.
children, her voice took on a softened tone, her expressive Montessori handled the most minute and complex detaJ1&.
hands would clasp, and one could see the great mother heart Such a city would be a remarkable improvement over the
well up in lo.ve for the childhood of the world. Then she hideous hodge-podge of the planless modem city. The plan&
would smooth out a delicate little smoke colored handker- embrace at once economy, utility, and beauty.
chief on her knee and, having removed every little wrinkle
(Continued on Page 26)
I
�Pa;e lwmty-f.,ur
the
The Hope of Llano
OCl
ByDr. Johu Dequer
FE has its mysteries, its unsolved problems, and its
The Socialist does not repudiate the old simply bee u
infinite possibilities. Upon our wise solution of these is old. Neither does he allow age to hallow lie. A
i
problems depends our individual and collective happi- weed he must exterminate, no matter how deeply tbe ~ rid
- - ness. We who make up the warp and woof of civiliz- may be devoted to its name.
'
ation find that our problems are, In a sense, twofold: indiThe lies, follies, and mistakes sanctified by the tupidity of
vidual and collective.
past ages often c-ome to us out of tbe competitive jungle.
Our individual problems are chiefly those questions of how They are the dehn's that encumbers tbe soil of our progress;
we may harmonize our lives with the Social Whole. Our men and women from whom the creed and educational lopsocial problems center around the forces of production and sideness has not yet been removed. When they come, for
distribution. Between these two .aspects of life-our individual time they are blinded by the mass and dirt of competition.
will and the needs of our social life-lies the great problem Soon, however, their vision clears and they catch glimp es of
the world that is to be. Some there are who ever hate to have
of liberty.
Liberty is the most fragrant flower of life. It is the blossom the parasitic growths of the world's me:o:tal childhood removed
of human existence. It is the flower that we must collectively from their brains. They are afflicted with an intellectual
cultivate, a blossom that we must individually train. Mankind photophobia. They would rather leave the field than face the
in collection is moved by necessity. Need is the husbandman light. These, however, are few. They seem to fear that they
of progress.
might be stripped mentally nude, and their spiritual malforma·
Socialism recognizes the moulding force of the economic tion be exposed to the world.
.
urge. Socialism is the culture of human existence. It deals
Llano seeks not only the hand bJt the heart of man. We
with and e::wptains the forces that mould
remove the mark and set the man free.
and make institutions; also the eleWe will be fought even by those
ments that work for decay and death.
whom we seek to save. We are be·
We who endeavor to collect maning fought by those who sought our
E NEED faith. Faith in ourkind for the final battle of construchelp. It is but natural that it should
selves; faith in our fellowtion, we at Llano who seek for buildbe so. A sleeping world hates the
man; faith in the land we work.
ers of the fair city of our dreams.
social alarm clock. Ages of slavery
But above all we need faith in the
have learned more than books could
have hallowed every fetter and sanc·
ideal that moves us into collective
tell of what capitalism has done to the
tified every chain.
souls of men and women. We have
action. For faith gives rise to courW e h a v e been boss bound, job
learned what is the result of isolation
bound, creed bound, bible bound ~o
age, and courage is needed in our
and competition upon the minds and
long that many of us hate to be unstruggle with Capitalism outside and
hearts of many of our race. We are
bound. Llano wakes the dreamer a nd
development within.
forced to realize what a brambly wilfrees the captive, if he will it so.
Faith, confidence, determination,
derness of superstition, suspicion, and
The greatest service we can render
are the essentials of success.
ignorance is that jungle of selfishness
is to our fellow man. The grea test decalled Modern Civilization. We revotion we can show is to the weak.
alize how hard it is to harmonize the
The religion of Socialism is tho doing
chaos of conflicting opinions and weld
of deeds of love.
them together into a glowing bond of mutual sympathy.
We must band together to produce the needs of life for all.
If as Socialists our position is correct, if indeed in our We must carry the aged and the ill. Age will come to all:
philosophy lies the seed that will make the world beautiful, sickness may call at any time. We must care for the weak,
then it i our duty to sow and to cultivate that seed and the young and the unfortunate. Hence the strong must toil,
show its fruitage to those who dwell in the competitive wil- their labor lighted by the sunshine of reason. We must dederness. And we must be able to prove that fruit of our velop in our breast the milk of human kindness. We need
vineyard to be more attractive than the fruit of competition. (and we are developing it) faith. Faith in ourselves; faith
It is true that we get a worn and depleted soil from the com- in our fellow man; faith in the land we work, but above all,
petiti e world. We get misnourished and misformed men and faith in the ideal that moves us into collective action.
women, both in body and mind. Our material with which to
Then there is hope. Were it not for hope the world would
tart is crude in every sense of the word. It will need labor, perish. Hope is the great sustainer and he who robs his fellow
and I bor, and still more labor. It will need patience, and man of hope is a thief indeed.
patience, and still more patience. It will need love and charity.
And last of all, but not least, we need charity. The man
But with these forces we can dissolve the crudeness and hard- from Texas works differently &om the man from Dakota. The
ne and prepare a land where a love-born race may dwell man from ew York does differently from the man from Wath•
with minds attuned to the social needs of all and with hearts ington. Capitalism has kept us isolated. We are strangers
aRame with the fire of sympathy.
to each others' ways. Uano brillg$ us all together. Often
"alism is a philosophy of life. It is not concerned with we cannot see each other's view point for a time. Hence we
d th. It enl~ the mind; it does not bind the soul. Its need charity.
bi
i the univem:, its psalm tbe sial's, its books the mounAnd so in conclusion let me say that we have the physical
tain and seas. its prophets e ery man who has found and resources; we have the loyal, idealistic men and women who
dem mated a fact. The
den of lightning, sunshine. and live and teach tbe faith. hope and charity ea;ential to the sac-nn all I him
t he · ht do if he worbd wilh, instead cess of tlie greatest movement ever pat into action
the
United States for the common people.
of a imt, his Wlo an.
r
W
m
�The
Western
!T
Comrade
A :t
The Socialist City
HE effect of Socialist institutions on industrialism is
s~ fundamental that it is hard to speak of the i!ldustnal SIDE of the model city_ The Socialist City IS
- -- the industrial city. Active and useful employment is a
condition of life in such a community. Some of the activities
may be merely contribut()ry to the well-being of the workers
-art, music, and other educational features would come under this clasification-but Victor Hugo has well said that "the
Beautiful is as useful as the Useful, perhaps more so;" so
perhaps these things can be classed as utilities, at least. And
why not as industries? They certainly require intense and long
continued industry before they can be successfully practiced.
A large proportion of the citizens will be agricultural workers; but their share of public service must of necessity be
carried on outside of town limits, where, however, their orchard, alfalfa, corn and carrots will make a beautiful mantle
of verdure and fertility thrown over the desert approach to
our homes.
But the keynote of the city itself will be the "coming into
its own" of industry. The outer circle of the two rings of
public buildings will be devoted largely to factories. All the
industries which de- not detract from the public convenience
and comfort will t,,. centralized there in connection with a
part of the school ~k. We will have a rug factory; a knitting mill; a pottery; a furniture factory-we will probably
make most of our own furniture, in fact we are turning out
some very nice cabinet W()rk now-an electrical fittings shop;
an airship factory; a boot and shoe factory-we are already
starting a factory to tan the hides of our cattle-but that will
be outside -the city limits; a · plant for cement art work-an
indefinite amount of this will be needed to beautify our public
buildings and parks; a dressmaking and millinery establishment where the women and children will be outfitted as part
of the school system, by young girls working under the direction of experts. Think of a town where no one should be
dressed shabbily or in bad taste. This one feature would be
worth the price of admission. Its possible development is
an interesting subject of speculation. There would be a model
throne. The customer would take her place and the costume
designer would analyze her face, figure, and carriage to the
• attentive class of girls. This type would call for such lines
and colors; that type would demand quite a different treatment. There would be several artists with their respective
admirers and patrons, and a skilled dressmaking staff to execute the ideas. The Colony department store would carry a
line of materials of all sorts selected for quality, not cheap
showiness; and on this the customer could draw in exchange
for credit cheques whatever the artist called for. An invalid
lady once complained that she did not like to have to wait in
her carriage on the main street of her town, because the
procession of hats which passed her was so painfully hideous.
This feature of the cheap-and-nasty, shoddy side of competitive society can easily be eliminated at Llano. Hats and
dresses made of good materials and under trained and intelligent direction could be worn a long time to the entire
satisfaction of the wearer. Some of us-1 will not say all, because it is rather a rare piece of g~ lu~k under the present
conditions- have had the joy of possessing a hat or gown
which was entirely harmonious and comfortable, and have
dung to it until it eliminated itself by the inevitable decay of
Page lwenty-6ve
Br A- Constance Autin
nature. Such privilege and comfort should be the rule, not
the exception, and would be if we .allowed our buying and
drpsmaking to be governed by trained experience and judgment.
•
It is one of the features of the educational system at Llano
to let the children work around with their elders at whatever .
occupation attracts them until they finally settle down to the
vocation for which they are be·s t fitted. Certain things they
will be required to do. Every girl should spend some time
in the dressmaking establishment even if she hates a needle;
just as every boy should have some training in · handling tools
even if he has no mechanical bent. If they never use their
knowledge themselves it gives them a touch of personal experience to bring. to bear on their relations with others.
There will be many other industries. The printing establishment bids fair to demand much space for its accommodation It is attracting outside business to an astonishing extent
and, being based on co-operative principles, can underbid
any firm that is struggling with competitive conditions.
One or more buildings will be devoted to studios and professional otfices. It may be desirable to have a well-appointed
hydroRathic establishment, convenient to run into for an occasional bracing do uche or treatment, in addition to the
sanatoriums which are planned for various strategic and scenic
situations in the neighborhood.
Then, as the- community grows, individuals come in with
special abilities and occupations for which accommodation will
be afforded. No one can foresee -what the first successful cooperative community on a large scale will attract to itself.
The important thing is that all •the provisions in the charter are
so elastic, and the management so liberal and far-seeing,
that any form of effort or originality that promises to be advantageous to the Colony can find free scope for its exercise.
The one point of originality demands an article of its own,
so many are the inventions and patents that have already
gravitated to Llano.
The buildings in which these industries are housed will
correspond in architecture to those of the Civic Center which
they face. They will be one or two stories high, built around
a court, with every feature of sanitation, sunshine and fresh
air emphasized. The general working hours will be shortened as the community acquires economic independence, but
one system is already practiced which is epecially admirable.
It is possible for women who have homes and families to consider, or men and women who are not strong enough to work
for long hours consecutively, to come to the factory for two
or three hours' work, and leave when it becomes necessary.
This idea of making it possible for mothers or delicate people,
or those of advancing years, to keep their independence, and
feel that they are "doing their bit" without wrecking what remains of their health and vitality, will in itself li'ft a great
burden of misery from the world.
Noisy or " smelly" industries will be located on the outskirts, where the workers will have easy access to their homes
-the homes of course are all alike in general plan, subject
to small variations for individual taste-and to the recreations
a nd social advantages of the Civic Center. The buildings will
be of the same general style as the Civic Center and the surroundings will be parked as the rest of the city is parked,
and the profits of the industry will go first to making the con-
�Page twenty-six
ditions of its producers' lives wholesome and attractive and
then to building up assets for the general Colony benefit.
And so the Socialist city is planned and created for the
working men and women who created it, and every form of
effort gets the full product of its activity. • The man who
works with his hands exclusively will at least get the material
benefits which his handiwork creates, knowing that his son
will have the advantages which he lacked, and _that every kind
of machinery is being sought out to take the burden off his
shoulders, shorten the hours and ·increase the accompHshment.
The man who works with his head will see the results of his
creative power accomplishing themselves without the. delay
and obstruction which so frequently brings to naught the con~
structive efforts of thinkers "on the outside." Every kind of
thought or labor which is helpful 'to the group will hav·e full
scope where community benefit and not individual benefit is
the test to which each suggestion is subjected. Every pre~
mium and advantage will be the rewarp, -not of Inheritance
from others or unearned profit, but of service and industry
-as befits the Industrial City of Socialism.
fingers on the table in perfect imitation of her Mother running
the scale, passing the thumb under the fingers. At this same
period also, she clapped her hands definitely and would point
her index finger, separate from the rest of her hand, to any
object that attracted her attention.
At this writing Olga Marie IS nine months old, weighs twentyone pounds but does not look fat, has four teeth, sleeps about
fifteen hours out of the twenty-four, plays alone a great deal
.
and is by no means spoiled:
I am under the conviction that Olga is only a normal child
and that anyone interested in a child could. without the least
injury to the child, give it the remarkable development of
body, mind and soul that Olga possesses, and by doing so
give a start to the child's life that would be an invaluable asset
to its future education and career.
Mr. and Mrs. Webster scorn the usual noisy, superficial toys
made to sell and are carefully selecting and ingenicusly manufacturing Olga's toys.
They hope to continue a very careful direction of Olga's
education along the lines of the Montessori method and I most
heartily endorse their spirit and their method of caring for
Olga Marie.
Building Llano's Industries _C~o11!0rom_ P· __ ,-,-)
in the hotel, but really it is a pleasure to be around where they
are. They serve ·the ·long line of men and women three times
a day. The tables are spick and span and everything kept in
as fine order as is possible under our inadequate quarters and
conveniences. Mrs. Williams is complimented over and over
again by guests who notice the service rendered by the hotel
force. Anyone can run a hotel with plenty of servants, plenty
of money, steam heat, food, etc. To my -mind it doesn't take
such a marvel. But in Llano it takes a magicjan and a genius.
Reaching this conclusion, Mrs. Williams muST be both. Com~
rades Allen and Thomas are also indispensible to the success
of the hotel. as are also Spencer and Classen.
,
At a recent assembly meeting Comrade Van Nuland was
asked to say a few words on what he considered the outlook
for increased crops was this year. He contrasted this year
with last and pointed to this field and that, and called atten~
The
Weste r n
Comrad<'
tion to 'their condition last year. Stone, brush, knolls and
hollows characterized many fields. The stones have been re~
moved, hollows filled and bumps removed and crops pfanted.
He was enthusiastic and showed absolutely that by organization of the farming forces the future of the Colony was assured.
Robert White, who has been out of the Colony for more than
six months, returned recently and was called fo a talk. White
is an expert carpenter as well as a farmer of long experience
with intimate kno~ledge of California soils. He said that he
was dumbfounded when he returned and saw the progress
that has been made since he went away. This, he said, could
not have been done had there been anything but method and
purpose behind every move. His word~ carried conviction,
as he is known as a man of unusual judgment and ability.
Montessori---The Woman ccont.
from p. 23)
If the Dotoressa failed any on the economic side she did not
fail all her hearers. She simply did not go far enough for my
insatiate, revolutionary desires. Clearly and unmistakably she
set forth her understanding. She looked straight before her
in summarizing. The color in her cheeks had spread out and
her whole face was aglow with the earnestness that carries
conviction. She did not hint at radical reconstructions except
that it would be radical to provide a higher standard in housing, sanitation, food and hygienics. She frankly bespoke for
every child all tha't it might need for sound physical an·d
mental development. There rests her chief devotion to the
proposed city. She did not ask that the state do things;
simply that they be done. That she is radical is shown by
her revolutionary method of education. She abhorred the
system of "cram" and "drill" which in the schools is directed
by the soulless automata it has itself created. To Montessori
property seems to be a tool for the improvement of childhood,
the perfecti-ng of the race. She seems to care little who owns
this: the people or individuals. She looks for results and
goes in her simple and beautifully direct way to get them.
She seems to care only for administration. She wants every
child to be born with sufficient strength physically and mentally
to enable it to take the best training for the good of society
and the race. This is but a deduction and not an interpretation. Every line might be disavowed. It is but an impression.
Dr. Montessori seems not to be governed by interest, sentiment, religion, or passion; simply reasoned knowledge of what
is best for the children. She seems conscious of what she has
wrought, but eager to push it forward with all speed. Her
effort will revolutionize the educational systems of the world
and it will be taken onward and upward, perhaps by stronger
hands, but it is destined to sweep over the entire educational
system from the smallest Casa di Bambina to the proudest
University.
Merchandising the Atmosphere
(Continued from page fourteen)
feeding to stock. Now butter-fat is just a simple little mixture
of tristearin, tripalmitin, triolein, and tributyrin-any Boston
child knows that. Llano people know it is a mixture of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen-the same things that make
soda water, and they all come out of the air.
Alfalfa likes hot air, the cow likes alfalfa, the people like
the butter and pay handsomely for it. You can merchandize
the atJniosphere through this process at as great a profit in
Llano as in any territory on earth.
�The
Western
Comrade
Proparanda
California to the Front
T
HE radicals of California are determined that the Golden State shall
not lose the reputation she has attained as the most progressive commonwealth in the Union. Senator Johnson said last fall he wanted
to go to Congress to put upon the federal statute book the laws he had
had written on the statute book of California.
He left no one behind him to carry on the work he . claims to have
begun. So the Single Taxers and Socialists are taking up the task
and propose to set a pace that will take the Senator's breath when he
hears about it in faraway Washington.
At the Single Tax Conference at San Francisco, January 13 and 14,
a proposed Single Tax constitutional amendment was formulated and
adopted to go on the ballot at the general election in 1918. It IS as
follows:
• "The People of the State of California do enact as follows:
"Article Xlll of the Constitution is hereby amended by adding
the following as Section 5 thereof:
"Section 5. On an after January I, 1919, all personal property,
except the franchises of public service corporations, shall be exempt
from taxation thereafter to be levied.
"On and after January l, 1920, all improvements on land shall
be exempt from taxation thereafter to be levied, but the value of
land and the value of such franchises shall not be so exempt.
"Provided, that Sections XI and XIV of Article XIII of the constitution shall not be affected hereby in so far as they concern
Stale revenues.
"All provisions of Article XIII of the constitution in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
"This ame11dment shall be self-executing."
This conference was participated in by all the Single Tax groups in
the Stale, with the single exception of a few members of the Single Tax
League of Los Angeles, known as the Great Adventure group.
The Great Adventure form is as follows:
"The People of the Stale of California do enact as follows :
"Article Xlll of the Constitution is hereby amended by the following section:
"On and after January I, 1920, all public revenues, stale, county,
municipal and district, shall be raised by taxation of the value of
land irrespective of improvements thereon, and no other tax shall
be levied.
·
"The intent ~f this amendment is to prevent the holding of land
Page lwcnly-se,ven
By J. H. Ryckman
out of use for speculation, and to apply the land values which the
community creates to community purposes.
"All laws in conflict he•ewith are hereby repealed.
"Taxation shall be uniform throughout the State, and the legislature shall make adequate provision to carry this amendment into
effect according to its intent."
•
At the close of the Conference the Equity Tax League was organized,
into which has been. merged or with which has been affiliated all Single
Tax and Home Rule organizations in the State.
With the solitary exception of this small faction, the Single Taxers present a united front lo the forces of greed and privilege and land monopoly
in California. At Fresno, in February, the Socialist Party, in •late convention assemhled, indorsed the Equity Tax League measure and adopted
two measures supplementary to the Single Tax bill to go on the ballot at
the same time.
'
The first is a comprehensive scheme of collective ownership of public
utilities by the state and its political subdivisions, to be financed by a tax
on land values-the bonds for such purpose to be retired in fifty annual
installr:~ents by the laxation of land values irrespective of the improvements thereon. AI! Single Taxers, from Henry George down, recognize
that we cannot attain the full fruitage of Single Tax without the public
ownership o f all public utilities. Only then can the principle of the Single
Tax be made to strike at the foundation of land monopoly.
The second proposition to be put forward by the Socialists will make
the Social Insurance Commission and its plans now so much discussed at
Sacramento by progressive reformers look like thirty cents. It contemplates
nothing less than a liberal and elaborate scheme of social insurance, including old age, sickness and disemployment insurance and mothers' endowment, to be financed wholly by the laxation of land values, and not.
as now proposed in this state, and as now in operation in Germany and
other countries, by a tax on the beneficiaries and on the employers and
the balance to be made up by the state. This is a clean-cut scheme to
endow motherhood and to banish forever the three burdens, the three
dark shadows, that oppress the workers of the world- to wit, the fe.ar of
destitution when old age comes, when sickness comes and when disemployment comes. With these th ree fears lifted from the minds of men and
women, the race will enter into a new and splendid era and the age of
the superman will have come. Let all forward-looking men and women
get behind these measures with the Socialists and the Equity Tax League
and help California set the pace for progress throughout the world.
What Other State Secretaries Say of the California Constitution
Sisseton, S.D., March 22, 1917.
Dear Comrades: Am uncertain as to full effects of omitting usuai
pledge; program is strictly correc t. We have too long presented theories
and must become practical or get of! the map.
Some one in Shakespeare's "Tempest" said: "I can call spirits from
the vasty deep!" The reply was: "Ay, marry! so can I; but will they
come?'' We adopted an industrial or farmers' program in South Dakota
seven years ago, but it was too good to be true; anyway, they did not
""come ...
I bitterly assailed the Non-Partisan League, in my ignorance, but now
believe Socialist candidates should accept their indonement. They appe•l
to class interests, present immediate demands that are very much needed,
get a $16 fee for two years, THEN educate their speakers, etc., to demand
public ownership of all publicly operated industries, full democracy, justice to ALL useful to society, and, more slowly, elimination of land "values'' through modified Single Tax.
THEY DON'T NEED US, but we made them possible through education.
Unless we cease to be utopian and ''impossible," we will be forgotten .
I shall watch your experiment with interested approval, but doubt anything heading of! the onward sweep of the N.-P. movement.
Fraternally,
E. F. ATWOOD, State Secreta ry.
• • •
Omaha, Nebr .. March 24th, 1917.
The Llano Publications, Llano, Cal.
Dear Comrade: I have received the matter to which you refer in your
recent letter, but I have not had time to give it the consideration which
I know it merits. I have great confidence in some of the men to whom you
refer, especially Mills and Harriman, but I am obl:ged to cut out everything that I can on account of a law course which I hope I<> complete in
June. An examination means more to me just now than anything else.
I have to take things on faith and let it go at that a little while longer.
G. C. PORTER,
Yours fraternally,
State Secretary Socialist P arty of Nebraska.
Bath, Maine, March 25th,. 1917.
The Llano Publications, Llano, Cal.
Dear Comrades : In a conversation with Comrade Arthur LeSueur of the
People's College some two years ago in Chicago, we talked at some length
concerning the reorganization of our locals along vocational and occupational lines, the idea at that time being a realm of uncharted thought
to me. Since then I have given it considerable study and, while still in
doubt as to how it would work out in practice, I am free to admit that
the general proposition "listens good to me," to relapse into the vernacular.
Certain it is that our present methods a re obsolete, antiqu'ated and altogether inadequate, entirely out of joint with the spirit of our· people,
a nd must be superseded ty something entirely different unless we are prepared to officiate as chief mourners at the funeral of the organized Socialist movement.
I shall wa tch with interest the working out of the proposed change• 1n
California, should they be adopted.
Fraternally,
FRED E. IRISH.
Interstate Sec retary Maine and New Hampshire Socialist Party.
• • •
Atlanta, Ga., March 25, 1917.
The Llano Publications, Llano, Cal.
Dear Comrades: I have received the Llano Colonist for some weeks
and have followed the news· of the Colony with the greatest interest; I
thank you for so kindly sending it to me. The number of the Western
Comrade referred to in your recent letter is also at hand and has been
read with care.
In my opinion, the California comrades did a great thing at Fresno. Our
party as it stands today is dry and lifeless. I believe the proposed changes
will revitalize it. I intend lo use my influence to get something of the
kind started here in Georgia.
MARY RAOUL MILLIS,
Fraternally;
State Secretary of Geo~gia.
�Marazine
Page twenty-eight
The
Snmmarr
Western
Comrade
What Thinkers Think
The
Substance
of Instructive Articles In March Magazines
THE LITERARY DIGEST
The Unprofitable Side of Our Great Munition Conlracts.-ln Europe.
manufac turing methods have developed mechanically along intensive lines,
producing goods of superior merit, while here quantity in production
rather than quality a nd accu racy is the rule. We have turned out little
work of the class called interchangeable, ar.d few places keep even a
set of master guages for s tandards. Complete specifications are a rarity
in American practice, and, as far as I know, not a single plant acc~pting
munition contracts a llempted to develop a model to be used as a standard.
They thought any thing would do to fire out of a cannon, and paid little
allention to the specifications which they were supposed to be carrying
out. The result is tha t enormous o rders have been turned back on their
hands, and the foreign inspectors are making reports very unf.avorable to
our efficiency.
Food Riots in the United Stales.-The pressure of rising f~od prices is
a fact not to be ignored. In a year of unp recedented prosperity, with
increased wages and unemployment almost an unknown quantity, there is
actual suffering among wo rkers because of the cost of foods . Staple
\'egetaLics have gone up from 100 to 366 per cent. There a re several
causes- subnormal production, abnormal amoun t of exports, speculahon,
and reserve stocks being held here to ship to Europe later on. The railroads are oi ving preference to European munition freight. The president
of the Chi;aoo Board of Trade telegraphs the P residents of Eastern railroads, "1 re;uesl that instructions be issued by you forthwith prohibiting
movement of any freigh t except food stuffs, coal, a nd other necessities
to sustdin life." The Governor of New York, recognizing the situation
a~ "the most serious, perhaps. in the history of this state," approves a
bill for slate con trol of foodstuffs.
PEARSON'S MAGAZINE
The Gain of War; A New Gospel.- Ten million men have been withdrawn from the indu,t rial army of Grea t Britain and are being supported
by the count ry as soldiers. munition worke rs, e lc. The remaining five
or seven million have never heen so prosperous. But what would the
wealth of the country be if the ten million were employed producing commodities? We co.uld have a civilization as high as tha t of Athens, not
based on slave labor but on that of machines. Our distribution of wealth
is no thing like as equitable and fair as that of Athens 2300 yean ago,
and our love of ar t and science and leite rs no thing like so intense. The
war has proved that it would not entail general impoverishment to level
up the lowest classes ; there would still remain more for the able and
clever than they could have obtained fifty years ago. The ideal is actual ;
he re and now we can realize our dreams. Any modern nation can
abolish poverty.- Editorial.
Crimes of Charily. -The Organized Charities browbeat the applicants
for work until they are afra id to refuse wages as low as three dollars
a week for men. and two for women. They help to break strikes among
the sweatshop workmen. and the ~ra tefu l manufacturers subscribe to the
ch arities and label themselves "member of the organized charities." Working with a cha ritable organizati<'l n makes one lose one's faith in mankind,
as the investigators arc as hard-hearted as the applican ts are "submerged."
- Konrad Bercovici.
INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW
An International Policy,-\Ve have had thirty months for thought ; we
have been ~etting together. The present wa r is the result of the natural
opera tion of the capitalist system. It came as a normal extension of the
policies of the great European powers. America is at present pursuing
the same polic ies and so may expect in due time to have her war. If
the 110 Socialist deputies in the German Reichstag had stood in their
places and said, "We are against this thing and we shall do nothing to
support it," they might ha ve been shot but they would have saved the
lives of millions. If you take the opportune moment much can be done.
but many thousands of conscientiou~ objectors can d o nothing now in
England and Germany. We workers must educa te our children out of
this kind o f barbarism.- William E. Bohn.
The Curse of Success.- The philosophy of a successful capitalist JS
tevealed in Charles W. S. Schwab's recent book. "The man who fails
to give fair service during the hours for which h e is paid is dishonest.
The man who is no t willing to give more than this is foolish." Work
and save. No time for the Great Adveqture of Youth, for love, for
creative work, for living. Fight to get the best of the other fellow
before he gets the best of you. And when the savage fight is over, you
are either successful, with the virginal sap of life dried ~p into a smug
satisfaction with things as they are-or you are one of the failures on
whose tragedy is built the success of the very few.-Louis C. F raina.
The Menace to Mexico.- The U. S. Government has protested a gainst
clauses in the new Mexican Constitution, which apparently mean nationalization of the Mexican oil-fields, and the power to confiscate property
holdings of foreign capital. These are precisely the ends Mexico has in
view, the development of National Capitalism, a bourgeois revolution
against the Imperialism that now has Mexico in its grip. Carranza's
effort to free his country of this control is being bitterly fought by international imperialism.-Louis C. Frainn.
THE AMERICAN MAGAZINE
A Woman Who Teaches MP.n How to Fly.- There was supposed to be
one thing that a woman could not do. She was too temperamental, too
erratic for aviation. But the "Stinson School of Flying" is a girl of twenty
and she has trained one hundred of the aviators who are flying for England. She performs all the aviation feats constantly and has a sense of
humor, for when asked to what she a ttributed her success she said: "Why,
I never fell down on my job."-J. P. M'Evoy.
Preventinr Men from Becoming Mis6ts.-At the School of Engineering
of the Uni,·enity of Cincinnati one half of the students walk out of their
classrooms every fortnight, put on overalls and go to wo rk in the local
shops and the other half comes back to class work. This not_ only gives
them practical training, but it eliminates the unfit applicants, and makes
it possible fo r the students to support themselves, and, in at least one case,
a mother, two brothers, and a sister.-Merle Crowell.
TH£ MASSES
Tbe Courage of the Cripple.- Men who begin life handicapped ofteP
end in over~compensating to a point where to all appearances they are
stronger and more a ggressive than they would ha.ve been if they had
started even. The Kaiser, Roosevelt, and Nietzsche a re cases in point.
The Ge rman race has struggled through centuries of disaster, and h as the
fear complex incident to such a history. The Kaiser and Militarism
are e ffec ts, not causes; they are a superficial expression of something
that is going on in the German soul. She cannot be whipped into either
impotence or consciousness of her own aggression. The aggression itselt
must be a ttacked through a policy tha t is understanding of its deeper
causes. And the first step in this policy is to switch the controversy
from the physical into the realm of reason.-Amos Pinchot.
McCLURE'S
Repair Shops for Men and Women.- The old story, wholesome food,
fresh air and exercise; we believe in it at home; at the sanitarium we
hdve to practice it. It is the will power that is lacking in neurasthenicswill power and an object in life. Juotify your existence on this earth or
the earth does not want you. Live and eat simply. A high protein diet
tends to clog the system with poisons. If you say, "There is nothing
the matter with me but constipation," you migh t as well say "There is
no thing the matter with me but small-pox."- Cievcland Moffett.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
Conscience and the "Conscientious Objecto;."-Like the Quaker, John
Woolman, who had a stop on his "mind" on finding himself getting rich
by commercial methods, and returned to day labor, so we all of us awaken
at times to the consciousnets that we are being weighed in the balance
by so:one inner authority,-·and found wanting. Horses and dogs also
manifest moral judgments. 'lbe standard ol right is not merely the reflection of the conventions of the community; the law of all the past age•
has left its impress on our minds. But there are periods when new moral
judgments break through the chinks in the crusted minds of a whole generation. We are today in the early stages of such a rebirth. How soon
shall we all feel a "stop in the mind," not only about war, but also
about living unproductively on rent and interest, absorbing more than can
be allotted to others, instead of "choosing equality?" When dealing with
the real conscientious objector, what is the community, which feels itself
betrayed, to do? We may fairly ask him not to claim the privilege of
a "soft option." If really moral he will certainly "choose equality " with
�The
Western
Comrade
Marazine Summary
his fellow citizens exen more when it is a question of equality of sacrifice
than when it is one of reward. It is now a long time since the emergence of that moral genius who taught a religion of love; and in spite
of all the ingenious perversions of the teaching, some of it has got imbedded in the Caucasian mind. Some men decline to kill men, and it is
necessary to provide for all sorts of consciences by offering the objectors
all sorts of alternatives.-Sidney Webb.
A Woman and the War.-There is need for a kind of courage even
greater than that of the men who face annihilation in the trenches. There
is a call for "heroes of thought to do battle with all the evils that make
it possible for men who have no quarrel to assemble in their millions for
mutual destruction."
Paganism was a more terrible force than militarism,
and was overthrown by the labors of one man
Woman must follow the path of pain and suffering
learn for herself th rough bitter experience how
but ultimately her power and influence may prove
of Warwick.
THE CENTURY
and his tiny following.
a little longer, she must
great a curse war is,
decisive.- The Countess
War Debts and Future Peace.-Formerly men financed their enterprises
on the immediate capital which they could gather together. Now they use
the expedient of long term bonds, which disguises the facts, places the
burden to a large degree on the future. relieves immediate pressure and
MAKES POSSIBLE STILL GREATER EXPENDITURES. If the experience
of the past is taken as a criterion. a thousand years in the future the
English people will be paying taxes to meet the interest on the debts
now being incurred. The total war debt a t the end of another year
would amount to half the total assessed properly in the United Stales.
Unless repudiation comes the interest on this will have to be mel every
year.
Humanitarian impulses to prevent such another world disaster
will have their weight, but these influences fade with time. The economic
factors will continue and will be a compelling force in the promotion of
permanent peace.- Joseph E. Davies.
'-....
METROPOLITAN
Have You a Little Theatre in Your Town ?-They are budding out in
a hu(ldred little towns and, what is stranger, are ·gjlllpeting successfully
with the big commercialized shows in the large towns. When org~nized
for the love of art and not for social climbing, they are a tremendously
illuminating fac;,lor in the local intellecual life.-Louis Sherwin.
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
Pneumatic-Tired Road Skates.-This skate has two nine-inch wheels
on each fool, so adjusted that they do not interfere with any movement
of the leg or fool. They are very readily steered, noiseless regardless
of the nature of the surface skated over, and, since the skater glides on
a cushion of air, there is no jar. They will probably be useful for business
purposes and even for moving armies rapidly. You can skate at about
three times the speed with which a man usually walks.
POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY
Why Does the Heart Stop Beating at Death ?-It does not-in the case
of many animals. Hearl muscles possess the inherent quality of contraction and
will continue to contract as long as a certain temperature is
kept up. It is possible to grow the heart muscles of a warm blooded
animal in an incubator, and single cells may attach themselves to each
other and beat rythmically as long as the environment is favorable.
AMERICAN REVIEW OF REVIEWS
The Live Stock Prohlem.-Argentina, fo·r . every thousand inhabitants,
has 4487 cattle, while we have but 739. and Germany but 327. If we
want to compete we must systematize all the branches of this industry.
The packers now are preying upon the producers and the consumers.
The only proper method is to make the packing houses public utilities
and place them under thorough control and regulation. The "law of the
jungle" should cease, and economy, efficiency, co-operation, and just
dealing should take its place. -Dwight B. Heard.
·
State Purchase as a Solution of England's Liquor Prohlem.-The London
Spectator advocates a policy of state purchase of the entire liquor interests
of Great Britain. Since the country is facing the risk of food shortage
the consumption of foodstuffs in national breweries should cease. Als'l
the men employed should be released for other duties, both civil and
military. Under the stress of great national peril the government should
take over the whole affair in such a way that no individual should be
ruined.
Women in Britisla lndustry.-ln the munition factories the women have
shown themselves not only competent mechanics, but are employed as
"foremen" and inspectors. Definite provisions have been made for fixed
Page tweny-nine
bases of pay so that their labor could not be exploited. Engineering
works are being established where all the employees are to be women
with mechanical inclinations, preferably the widows and daughters of
officers.
_
.
Education aad Crime Amonr Negroes.-judge Gilbert T. Stevenson finds
that the negro, constituting only one-tenth of the total population, is
penalized for one-third of the crime. However, the negro furnishes •only
about one-fifth of the con:-ictions. The difference is made up in longer
tenns of imprisonment for negroes. Moreover these criminals belo11g al. most exclusively to the uneducated classes, and in investigating the recorda
of the industrial schools it is found that their graduates almost invariably
"make good.'" The high rate of negro criminality is as much a condemnation of the community in which it exists as of the offending negroes
themselves.
--o-
Book Review's
"SONGS OF THE GREAT ADVENTURE." By Luke Nortla
He stands for men-this Luke North; he knows that .poor men can be
nry cruel and rich ll)en kind. He knows that the line ·of cleavage is
in the heart- those who. care and those who don't. This heart, dormant
usually, or pumping only in a mechanical way, he rouses, interests, he
excites it to consciousness and dominance, and he 6nds beneath every
hypocrite, liar and coward (which we all are) a Man or a Woman true
and dependable at the center. He teaches that no one has a right to anything while a child lacks food, and that the only man who lives up to .
his ideals is the man who has none. For ideals are of thought, which is
fluidic, and wherever thought is active, ideals keep a measurable pace in
advance of conduct. When conduct catches up with ideals, thought has
ceased to How, "mental stability" ensues, self-complacency and selfrighteousness obtain. Altogether the lesson he teaches is vital and timely
and he drives it home with force and conviction.
Published by the author at Los Angeles, California.
" GOD VERSUS M-AMMON." By Horace Mann
A series of reprint~ of ariicles show.ing up the injustice of the present
economic system, accompanied by strikong quotations bringing out the fact
that the "saints, apostles, prophets, martyrs," were all socialists. Mr.
Mann's chief thesis is that dividends viewed as personal income independent
of service rendered are graft and cannot be tolerated by Otristian civilization. Profit may be defined as the amount an employee pays for the privilege of having a master. The way to abolish this form of exploitation
therefore is for every man to become his own employer. In other words,
we must abolish the ownership of one man's job by another man, just as
we have abolished the ownership of one man by another. In thi.s way
we shall not only overcome aversion to work; we shall develop universal
love of work, and the desire to do the best work possible.
Published by the author at Leliter, California.
"SHALL J. P. MORGAN OWN THE EARTH?" By Jack Pansy
This little treatise is a compilation of the report of the Pujo committee
and the report of the Industrial Relations committee in· the Y,ngresaional
Record. It gives the statistics concerning the control of American finances
controlled by the Morgans, whose assets are valued at twenty-6ve billion
dollars, one-sixth of the total wealth of the nation, and shows how inevitably the same ring controls the Associated Press.
Published by the author at Grand Rapids, Michigan.
.
--o-
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP. MANAGEMENT. ETC., OF
THE WESTERN COMRADE. APRIL Ist, 1917.
Publi,hed monthly at Llano, California.
Managing Editor, Job Harriman, Llano, California.
Publisher, job Harriman, Llano, California.
Editor, Frank E. Wolfe, Llano, California.
BusineSI Manager, Ernest S. Wooster, Llano, California.
Owner, job Harriman, Llano, California.
Kno..,., bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding
one per cent or more of total amount& of bonds, mortgages, or other
securities: None.
(Signed) ERNEST S. WOOSTER.
Sworn to and subscribed before me this third day of April, 1917.
F. H. CHAMBERIAJN
Notary Public in and for the County of Loa Angeles, State of California.
(My Commission expires May 19, 1920)
....
.' :... ·
�The
f>age thirty
Western
Comrad~·
Are You With Us?.
An Aditorial by the Circulation Manager
T
HE most wonderful opportunity
ever given any radical publication
is now open to the Llano Publications, the WESTERN COMRADE and
the LLANO COLONIST.
Published by the foremost complete
co-operative in the world, they should
lead in the constructive co-operative
movement. This movement must, soon
after the war, become international.
The Llano Publications must take
a foremost part in fusing the world's
co-operatives into an impregnable
whole.
But we must, in the meantime, carry
the message to many thousands in the
United States and in every other English-speaking country.
It is a titanic t:a.sk, but there are no
insuperable obstacles-that is, not if
all will help.
' The time for mere talk is past. The·
world today does not doubt the soundness of Socialist theory; there have
been many proofs of it and of the
inevitability of Socialism.
But the world demands ACHIEVEMENT.
We voted, but the people would not
vote with us because we lacked Proof.
There is one convincing argument
that never fails to get and hold an
audience. That is the argume~t
is backed by the dollar sign; in other
words, Economic Determinism.
The LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY has that argument.
It is ACHIEVING right now. That is
why our papers hold the attention of
readers.
Every day we get letters breathing
confidence and enthusiasm. They are
a constant inspiration to us.
One man writes: "I can hardly wait
till the COMRADE comes with its story
of what the comrades at Llano are
doing." We have many letters of this
kind. Another JSays: "I hope to join
you in the fall and put my shoulder . day, the third milestone of achieveto the wheel." These letters assure ment.
No Corporation in the World Ever
us we are on the right track.
Even non-Socialists like to read the Made Such a Manelous Growth With
Llano P-ublications because they are No Initial Capital. No co-operative
purely <:onstructive, ever optimistic, do colony ever even approached it.
Within the tlext year many surprises
not create prejudices, and do not indulge 'i~ personal attacks nor call are in store. One will probably be
names. They stand for principles.
told in the May issue; it is not quite
We want every Socialist, every rad- ready yet. And it will make our wellical, every liberal-minded person in the wishers sit up and applaud.
country. to know that the Llano CoWithin the next year certain imoperative Colony is alive, thriving, provements will be made in the WESTgrowing, developing.
ERN COMRADE and the LLANO
But this depends Qn the circulation COLONIST that will put them FOREof our publications.
MOST among radical publications.
And this depends on WHAT OUR We will not tell now what these are,
READERS DO.
but they are definitely planned and will
The Llano Publications carry prac- be worked out as rapidly as possible.
ARE YOU WITH US?
tically no paid advertising. They have
no subsidy, no bank account. They
We don't ask you to send in a hunlive on subscriptions entirely. They
dred subscribers or even ten - just
must depend on the loyalty of their
ONE. We are putting our problem up
readers.
to YOU. It is not a favor to us; it
We ask every reader to work for the
is working for the thing. you believe in.
cause. "Installment members should seThe Llano Publications are spreading
cure every subscription possible. The
the story of "Co-operation in Action."
security of Llano can be increased, its
Our readers believe in it. Will they
growth hastened, its success doublehelp?
clinched by a great circulation of its
Begin NOW.
papers.
Remember, the rates are to be raised
ARE YOU WITH US?
on May 1st.
If you are, will you prove it by your
Now the COMRADE and the COLeffort? Will you get ONE subscription
ONIST are 50c a year each, or both
right NOW?
If the printing department at Llano to oRe name and address for 75c.
AFTER MAY I st the COLONIST
were not a part of the Co-operative
will
be 50c a year as it is now. The
Colony it would be impossible to put
COMRADE
will be 75c a year for
out the WESTERN COMRADE entirely on subscriptions. But this co- single subscriptions, or in clubs of four
operation must be extended until it or more at 50c each.
Combinations with the COLONIST
takes in every reader.
We have cut production cost, but will be $1.00 a year, or in clubs of
we cannot go out and get readers; our four or more at 75c each.
subscribers and well-wishers must do
Canadian rates will be $1.00 a year
that
for either the COMRADE or COLONIST. No combination rates apply
Will you do your part?
May I st is the Colony's third birth- outside the United States.
�The
Western
~ thirty-one
Comrade
I Need $10,000
Law Book Free
TO ENLARGE MY RAPIDLY CROWING BUSINESS
sTUDY LAW, and become the man of power in your community. The fanners of North Dakota captured the State
Government, agd found that they needed law-trained men in
ofli~e to light the big interests which have their lawyers in the
Legislature to make their laws, and in the Courts to defend
and interpret them. There are opportunities awaiting YOU.
Get ready for them-tudy Law at home in your spare time.
We prepare you for the Bar examination. Guarani!"' bond for
refund of money if dissatisfied. Degree of LL. B. conferred.
Hundreds of successful students enrolled. Fourteen-volume Law
Library upon enrollment. Low cost--<Oasy tenns. Be independent. Be a Leader. Write today for free la\v book-"Law and
the People."
My business is a standard, conservatively managed business.
It has been established about five yean. It is growing so
rapidly that in order to keep up with the increased demand
I mus t have larger equipment throughout. This requires an
immediate outlay of capital.
There is every prospect that WITHIN FIVE YEARS IT WILL
BE THE LARGEST BUSINESS OF IT5 KIND IN THE UNITFD
STATES.
The product in one line has been multiplied by three in <ile
last ten months; a newly established line has grewn amazingly.
I have had to tum away a great deal of profitable business
because my equipment has been inadequate to handle this new
business.
I am a Socialist. I want to borrow this capital from
Socialists.
I CAN GIVE FIRST CLASS SECURITY.
I estimate tha t $10,000 will equip a new plant completely.
The money will be used for this purpose.
I want to borrow it either in a lump sum or in smaller sums.
Have you a small sum you wish to invest where it will be
used by a comrade, and where it will be well protected)
Write me for full details, and let me know what sum you will
loan if the security is satisfactory to you.
Please address : J ohn D. McGregor, care of Western Comrade, ·
Llano, California.
-Advertisement
THE PEOPLE'S COLLEGE, Dept. D,
FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household Goods
from all Eastern points
Beginning Next Month
________ .,________
to Californic:t
Members of the llano del Rio Colony will lind it especially
advanta&eous to make their shipments throu&h tile
•
J UDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
Was Schmidt Guilty?
443 Marquette bldg, Chicago; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York ;
640 Old South bldg, Boston; 435 Oliver bldg, Pittsburg; 1537
Boatmen's Bank bldg, St. Louis ; 518 Central bldR, Los Angeles;
855 Monadnock bldg, San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OffiCE.
Being the Address Made Before
the Jury
By ·Job Harriman
READ IT
MRS. CECIL M. WILLIAMS, LLANO, CAL.
In the May Western Comrade
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN &
Are You Getting Fat?
My system is sensible and produces results. Natural, and bene·
ficial to health. No drugs, no medicines. Those who have used
it are well pleased. Begin reducing NOW. Send $3.00 for my
$5.00 complete course of treatments.
LEVIN
AU....,a at Law
CLASSIFIED ADS
Rates: ZSc a line for one insertion; lSc a line tilereafter.
to tlte line. Advertisin& payable in advance.
Tweln wordo
WANTED-GAS ENGINE5, 6 TO 12 H. P. STATE MODFJ.., DES!~.
name. age. condition, and give full description. WESTERN COMRADE.
WANTID-SE~OND-HAND
MULTIGRAPH. GIVE YfAR AND MODEL.
Must be in first class condition; will accept u payment on membenbip
fee. Membership Dept~ Uano, Cal
FOR SALE.- BREEDINC RABBITS. BFLGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS, AND
FleaUb Giants. We can supply all ages up to eight months. For Jurlher
information address Ral.bit Department, Uano del Rio Coloq, U.O, CaL
..
!-
•
�( j
Whclt Would. You Do
With $1 ,000.00?
Would you invest it in a house and lot? You might be out of work and lose it. Anyway, there
is interest to pay, and insurance, and taxes, and . street work, and depreciation- all outgo.
Would you put! it. into a business? - Every day little business men fail. If you haven't experience
you are almost sure to fail.
Buy a farm? Ask some of the fa..Wers first -then perhaps you won't.
Where can you puf that money to have it safe and at the same time derive a benefit from it?
Loan it, perhaPJ. But the income on $1000 isn't so great when you have but a single thousand.
LLANO OWNS
LLANO MAKES
Printery
Shoe Shop
Laundry
Commissary
Bakery
Cannery
Tannery
Creamery
Magazine
Newspaper
Saw Mill
Lime Kiln
Dairy
Hogs
Alfalfa
Orchards
Gardens
Rabbitry
Stock Ranges
Machine Shop
Bread
Overalls
Shirts
Canvas Gloves
Buller
Leather
Soap
Rugs
LLANO HASLibrary
'vlontessori School
Orchestras
Two Hotels
GIVES FREEMedical Allendance
Doctor's Services
Entertainments
Rent
Baths
Dances
Tell Your Friends of LlanoLLANO offers you the ONLY investment for
$1000 that gives you genuine opportunity. If
you come to LLANO, do your part, put your
shoulder to the wheel, co-operate with your comrades and help to build the Llano del Rio Cooperative Colony into the far-reaching, powerful
working-class institution that it is destined to become, Llano will do this for you:
. It will provide you a better home than you
have ever lived in; it will give you steady and
permanent employment; it will give you social
insurance, life insurance, and old age pension,
and all of this without the feast hint of charity;
SEND
FOR THE
it will take care of your family should you pass
away; it will offer you wider choice of vocation
and offer your children better opportunities than
you were probably ever offered.
Are you a "sticker?" Then Llano wants you
for a citizen, offers you an opportunity to pioneer in the grandest movement that was ever
initiated. Llano is succeeding; its record is one
that a capitalistic corporation could point to with
pride as a satisfactory achievement for three years.
We want you NO\V. We want you to help
BUILD this co-operative. Will you? Won't you
write us at once?
"GATEWAY TO
FRE EDOM"
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-04
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1917-04
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n12_191704
Date Created
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2018-08-01
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n12
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Robert K. Williams Tells About Llano and Her Problems And How They Are Being Overcome
The socialist City by A. Constance Austin
The Hope Box, A Story by Helen Frances Easley
Llano's Solution of the Growing Grocery Bill by Wesley Zornes
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2f7ca0a7a9de28e55d502d6ad313f996.pdf
acb3be2ebb6e4d755e152b5f2272173b
PDF Text
Text
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Art and Education Number
WITH REPRODUCTIONS OF
MANY AR.T OBJECTS FROM
L L A N 0
~" S
A R T
S T U D I 0
March~ 1917
Pdce Five Cents a Copy
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TELLS OF TH~( IJ)EALS THAT .
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F c:' T H E L L A N 0
DEL RIO CO 'MUNITY-READ .
Llano-Commtr.nity of Ideals
A Is ·o
The N e w S t at 6· Ex e c u t i v e
By
w·ALTER
THO
AS
MILLS ·
�The Gateway
To Freedom
.
.
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is situated in
the beautiful Antelope valley in Los Angeles County, California. The Colony lies close to the Sierra Madre range
where an abundance of clear. sparkling water from mountain
springs is sufficient to irriga!e thousands of fertile acres . . The
climate is mild and delightful, the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultu!al• and
stock-raising C'llerprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell w;hen the
Colony has grown.
~
T
LLANO OFFERS YOU 8?CAPE..FROM-= ·
HE electric. light bill, the water bill, the doctor's bill. the drug
bill, the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
bill, IRe school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the ·bad< door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who thi11k the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the_ householder, and the lean weeks caused by disemployment and the consequent fear of the future. There is no landlord and no rent '•
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and clothing, the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
the clothing bill, the laundry bill, the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he has no fear. The colony
officials attend to the details of all overhead. To colonists the
amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, entertainments and all educational facilities are free.
·
T
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the Colony industries is in the hands of
the department managers. In each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position. At the department
meelinga Rl many persona as can crowd in the room are always
I""'
Thrse meetings are held regularly and they are unique
1n , ..tt , l.if•.ions are ever made. no resolutions adopted and no
'".--.utr• • e ~,.., -1 Tlae last adion · on anJ matter supercedes all
fom.. r • llu.a '" tlais stands until the plans are chanced. The
plan IS "
"
'>sl admirably and smoothly. At these meetings the
1 and planned, report• are given, teams allotted,
work is a ..,
workers are shifte.,.( to the point where the needs are gr<atest,
and machinery is P"t on designated wo rk. transportation is arranged, wants are maode known ~ I hlld as nearly as possible.
The board of director~ members I wh1ch are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a · eek an< has charge of the financial
and businen management of the ent 'jlrise. These directors are
on the same basis as all their ce> ra les in the colony. At the
general anembly all penons ove , -. een years of age, residing
in the colony, have a voice and- Vhlt
M
NO CONSTI11JTIC
0 :{ BY-LAWS
ANY penons who want I lmow how the affairs of the
Uano del Rio Community
e cortducted think, in order to
get this information, they m tSt secure a copy of a constitution and by-laws. There is no >ns ltution. The Llano Community contents itself with a "declarat¥.on of principles" which is
printed below. The management of t'be Colony rests wi.th the
board of managers, a member of w(,ich is the superintendent
and hia two assistants. These mana1,ers are selected for their
6tness and ability. The business and ~.nancial affairs of the enterprise are conducted by the board of t-lirectors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-l aws are the stereotyped' cor·
potation bJ-Iaws of almost every stat.: The only innovation is in
the restrictina of anyone from votr •ll more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of how many ah , a are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a stroll&
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right to transact almost aU manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the part of state
oflic.ials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the alfain of the Uano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer in8exible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Com·
munity alone.
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be heiJ by private ownership.
•
Talent and intelligenc.e are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of othen. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater pos·
sessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by. availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual ia to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfisb.ness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any other sum leu than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order to continue itt
present success. This fact must be obvious to all. The manage·
ment of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army that cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say to their stripped, rob·
bed and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship Gd co-operation are welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month ia proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and sisters on the
land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food.
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, costa money.
-The initial membership fee goes to olfaet the aup;x>rt of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
./'
�Antelope Valley. More than 200 children allend the schools. Part
of the children gel meals at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Montessori school io in operation.
taking the children from 2!/z to 6 yean· of age. A new ochool
building is soon to be built on the new lownoite. 'The County
school and the Colony lnduotrial schools are both in operation.
High school work io planned. In the Industrial school botany, doIMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
mestic science, languaaes, agricuture, biology, praclical farming and
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and. credilo
the regular grammar school subjects are taught by competent teachlike any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucuiano
ers. Manual training is already being taught; buildings are now unare admilled. We have had applications from Negroes,
der construction. The dUldren care for a 8ock of milk goats, chickHindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applicaens, turkeys, and many acres of garden. They are very successful.
tions is not due lo race prejudice but because it is not deemed
. They build their own buildings; the girls learn sewing and cookina ;
expedient to mix races in these cOmmunities.
the children produce much of what they consume; porlien of their
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
clothing is made by the sewing classes; they have their own hones,
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
wagons and farm implements ; they own pigs and a number of pets.
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Besides learning co-operation and developing a sense of responsiLlano Colony. Goods will be looked after by the colony freightman
bility, they enjoy acquiring an education under these conditions.
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be preThey plan to go extensively into the raising of chickens and
paid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
turkeys during the comiRg year.
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
The Colony owns a fine herd of 12S Jersey and Holstein cattle,
the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
I 00 head of young stock are on the range, being heifen and calves
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
up
to 2 years of age. Over I00 head of horses and mules, inbe well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
cluding colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the tractors
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
rates are high.
hauling and the work on the land.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
A recent purchase of Duroc-J ersey sows gives the Colony twentydo own them. All livestock, poultry. etc .. are kept in the depart·
two registered high-class breeding sows and a splendid boar, the
ments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the resinucleus of a great development along this line. Many new pens
dence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
have been built. Registration will be kept up and the raising of
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
fine hogs made one of the leading industries. There are also some
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are confine Berkshi res, and a large number of grade sows.
stantly being added, are: printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
Much nursery stock has been planted, a vineyard of 40 acres put
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
out, and many fruit trees set this spring. The Colony has more
rug works, planing mill, paint shop. lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabthan 400 acres of orchards.
inet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, poultry yards, rabbitry, garCommunity gardening is successful, and an increaoed acreage
dens, hog raising, two stages, lumbering, ma_gazine, newspaper, docwill be put in each year.
tors offices, woodyard. vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barThe ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
ber shop, dairy goats, baths, swimming pool, studios, two hotels,
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and exdrafting roe>m, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
perienced men in charge of the different departmenll.
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commercial classes, liLlano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
brary, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department exclub, two orche•tras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
pects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured limber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $3S to $40 a thouFallowing is the plan which has proven successful: each sharesand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
holder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
Social life is delightful, baseball and football teams, dances, picin cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
nics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, sevreceives a daily wage of $4, from which is deducted one dollar for
eral orchestras, a dramatic club, and other organizations anisl in
the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
making the social occasions enjoyable.
expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock
Alfalfa does extraordinarily well at Llano. Much has been plantand living expenses is credited Ia his individual account, payable out
ed and the acreage will be increased as rapidly as possible. Six
ef the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony_gives him every opcobblestone set in Llano lime, maki11g them permanent, conoerve
portunity to recover and resume payments. In no case will he be
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as ponible.
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This is
sawmill
running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
transferable and may be sold to·his best advantage. In this we will
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
endeavor to assist wherever practicable. Corporations are not
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
allowed by law Ia deal in their own stock.
new site. It will be a city differeril in design from any other in the
GENERAL INFORMATION
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable. sanitary, handsome, home-like, modem, and
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May lsi. 1914•. harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater privacy
than any other houses ever constructed. They are unique and deand is soiving the problem of disemployment and business failure.
signed especially for Llano.
!r offers a way Ia pro>·ide for the future welfare of the workers
The Weekly. newspaper, THE U.ANO COLONIST, gives the news
and their families.
of the world, of the Socialist and Labor movement in condensed
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
form. It carries the Colony news, etc., The subscription rate io
organized as it is, was ever established before.
SOc a year (Canada, $1.00). The WESTERN COMRADE is the
The purpose is lo solve the problem of unemployment by providColony's illustrated monthly magazine with articles of general ining steady employment for the workers; lo assure safely and comterest and pictures of Colony life and development. The rate is
fori for he future and for old age; lo guarantee education for the
now SOc a year. After May I, 1917, the rate will be 75c a year,
children in the best schools; and lo provide a social life amid surroundings beller than can be found in the competitive world.
JOe a copy. Present combination rate for BOTH is 75c a year,
and after May lst, $1.00 a year (f oreign postage extra).
It has more than 800 residents, makinx it the largest town in the
· Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remillance of $10 or more lo secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make fin.tl payment and join your comrades who have already borne_ the 6nt
bruni of pioneering.
W
ADDRESS All COMMUNICATIONS AND MAKE All PAYMENTS TO THE
Uano del Rio Company, Llano, California
:
.. .
�March Issue
~~ ~
Nineteen Seventeen
Table of Contents
Pqe
Pace
Concerning Babies.................................................... I5
Cover Page
Henry Dubb, Junior, the clever conception by Mrs. Fox.
Llano artist and sculptress, after the cartoon ·fig,;re
created by Ryan Walker, the Socialist cartoonist.
The Gateway to Freedom ... :..............................: ....... 2
Prudence Stokes Brown, attending the Montessori s~hOQ!,
. tells how the Montessori method is adaptable. to babies.
Learning by Dollig-The Attractive Way............. .l6
Some!hing about the Industrial School at lJano.
Synopsis of Colony progress and plan of organiz.ation.
Editorials ........................................................ :......... 5
By Job Harriman.
Llano- Community of Ideals.................................... 8
Comrade Job Harriman's own story of the reasons for the
Colony, and why it is hound to succeed.
A Humanitarian Work.............................................. l8 ,
By Joe Sullivan, who is an authority on this subject.
Though crippled, he is a business man of ability and a
writer. He was once mayor of a city.
The Federal Child Labor Law.................................. 19
By Florence I. Taylor.
Art at Llano .............................................................. ! 0
The Mechanics of Music .......................................... 20
What the Llano Art Studio-School is achieving and how
it will inRuence community life.
Music is usually considered an art. It is, but L. W.
Millsap, jr., shows how it is the highest form of refined
Why Paris? .............................................................. 11
A discussion of art in Paris. Miss A. Constance Austin
writes of what she knows by observation.
The New State Executive .......................................... 12
No one is more competent to write on this topic than is
Walter Thomas Mills.
mechanics.
Man's Social Awakening ..........................................21
Met's First Assignment. ........................................... 22
A short story by Frank L. Wright.
The Dream ................................................................23
About Socialism in California .... .............................. 13
A poem in blank verse by D. C. Travis.
State Secretary Thos. W. Williams sends chearful note on
the fu tu re prospects of Sociali st party in Califo rnia if the
new consti tution is adopted.
Influences of •En-vironment.. ......................................24
The Socialist City ...................................................... 14
What Thinkers Think ................................................ 26
By A. Constance Austin; another of this instructive series.
Substance of Instructive a rticles in February Magazines.
By Dr. John Dequer.
News of the Circulation Contest
FIRST PRIZE
$1000 Membership in the
Llano del Rio Colony
SECOND PRIZE
$508 wortla of Llano Stock
THIRD PRIZE
$200 wortla of Llano Stock
FOURTH PRIZE
$100 wortla of Llano Stock
NEXT FOUR PRIZES
Eada $SO in Llano Stock
OVER 25 SUBS
Your Claoice of a Variety of
Llano Prodnch
15 TO 25 SUBS
A Henry Dablo Stataetta and
a copy of "Was Selamidt
Guilty!"
10 TO IS SUBS
A He11ry Dalolo Statuette
ALL SUBSCRIPTION CARDS BOUGHT NOW,
FOR THE WESTERN COMRADE AT SOc. AND
THE COMBINATION OF UIE COMRADE AND
llANO COLONIST AT 7Sc., WILL BE REDEEMED AT FACE VALUE UNTIL THE FIRST OF
JULY.
This means, Contest Workers, that by laying in
a supply of Subscription cards before the first of
May, that you may purchase the~ at the old prict
of 7Sc for the two Colony publications, and SOc
for the Comrade, and that they will be accepted
for a year's subscription until the Contest closes.
. . .
Two splendid ideas for subscription getting
have been sent in by hustlers. One comrade in
Chicago has had several thousand handbills printed, headed, "Attention, Read about Co-operation
in Action I" Follows a few facts about the Uano
Publications, and the name and address of the
Contestant. On the revrrse side is a statement of
the Socialist Co-q>erative Tailors, located at the
Soci&li.s:t Headquarten, 803 W. Madison, Chicago.
Another plan that promises results is being tried
ou t by a Contestant in Omaha. He has ordered
a large bundle, and plano to have them di1tribu ted
by small boys. A small fee will be charged for
the copies, thus giving the boys an incentive to
work, and in this way people who do not re•lil-e
that they want to read abou t Co-operation, will
become interested, and subocribe.
..
.. ..
A comrade who is very interested not only in
the Contest, but in the succeu of the Colony too,
says : "I have worked at the subscription bllsineJJ
for a number of yearo, selling radial ami !XH:ialill
papers, but I lind it easier to get subscriptioJ» fDr
the Comrade and Colonist than any other 1 have
ever handled, because they tell of the theory of
Co-operation being actually worked DUI,"
W. E. 5., Miswuri.
.. ..
.
" Everyonr who ·sees your publieation.s is very
enthulo.utic. Some are talking of m.ling .a lrip
to the Colony this summer."-£. Kidder, W.asb.
�Co-operation
Po litical Action
Direct
Action
The Western Comrade
DeYoted
to tile
Caase
of
tile
Workers
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916, at the post office at Uano, California, under Act of M~rch 3, 1879.
PUBUSHED EAOI MONrn AT llANO, CAUFORNIA.
SUBSCRIPTION RATE, 50c a Year; Canada, 75c; After May 1st, 75c a year; Canada $1.00; Single Copies JOe.
STAFF
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE
•
ERNEST S. WOOSTER
Contributing Editors
ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
MILDRED G. BUXTON
DR. JOHN DEQUER
O.INTON BANCROFT
WESLEY ZORNES
Managing Editor.
. • Editor.
Business Manager.
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
VOL. IV
P
LLANO, CALIFORNIA. Mf!RCH, 1917.
Ed
•
1
t
0
r
•
1
No. II
a I s
RESIDENT WILSON is a living contraTo permit the private ownership of railBy Job Harriman roads, and to prevent the owner from saying
diction. He has endeavored to the very
best of his ability to keep this country
what he wiH pay is a glaring contradiction.
out of war. and at the same time to preserve capitalism.
It is out of the effort on the part of the employes to raise
He has, likewise, endeavored to preserve the private owner- their wa·ges that the conflict arises. The workmen think more
ship of the railroads and at the same time to avoid a strike.
of their lives than of the profits of their masters. As their
Had he understood the nature of capitalism he would not wages are lowered, their standard of living is lowered.
have taken either of these
Profits are not their sole
ridiculous and contradictory
· consideration. They struggle
PROGRAM OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF CALIFORNIA
positions.
for a high wage which means
(Adopted at the State Convention held at Fresno, Feb. 17-19)
He is sincere. He has a
a high standard of living. The
I. State ownership and management of the water power and
wonderful fund of knowledge.
owner struggles for large
telephone systems of this state. ~
But statesmanship requtres
profits which means great eco2. Packing houses, cold storage plants, Rour mills, and granaries
to
be built, owned, and operated at cost by the state at all
more than sincerity and
nomic power. Therein lies the
practicable points.
knowledge. It requires underclash of interests. These facts
3. State·wide freight and passenger automobile service to be
owned and operated by the state at cost.
standing.
are as fixed as capitalism.
4. Freight and passenger steamship line plying between both
Capitalism has grown out
They are inherent in capitalhome and foreign ports, to be owned and operated by the
state at cost.
of the private ownership and
ism. These two interests are
5. State to market all products at cost to producers.
unrestricted control and manin constant conflict, in a con6. Single tax.
7. Migratory voting law permitting the casting of ballets at any
agement of productive indusstant state of hostilites, with
point the voter may be on election day.
tries, to the end that the ownnow and then a ffag of truce
8. Proportional representation and social insurance.
flying.
er shall take and keep as his
If Wilson knew this, he
own all the proceeds over and
would also know that the government must own the railroads,
above the actu'll cost of production.
Absolute control and management and the right to the and that adjustment of wages must be made consistent with the
fruits is the essence of oar industrial system. This idea pre- standard of living or that the war between the owners and the
workman must go on.
vails everywhere.
Our government is a composite of capitalist institutions. All
It is because of this theory that every strike is thought
to be an invasion upon the rights of the owner and proprietor. our laws are made to protect these institutions. Complete conIt is urged that the owner has a right to buy labor as trol and management is guaranteed except where the governcheaply as he can. But he and starvation are partners, to ment interferes in behalf of the owners. The interference is
the end that wages may be lowered and profits raised. Profits in their behalf only when the workman becomes more powerful
is the sole consideration. Human life is JlOt considered ex- than the owners. The government becomes the partner of
cept to increase profits. Wages are increased, or hours short- the owner and the military force is his right arm.
ened, only when such a course enhances profits. This is the
If the law contains any provision contradictory to this it will
philosophy of capitalism and its very existence depends upo:1 not be enforced. The profits would be jeopardized, and the
the carrying out of that philosophy.
purpo:~e . of the institution thwarted.
�Editorials
Page six
HE income tax collected for 1915 amounted to eighty
· million dollars. There should have been four hundred
million dollars collected. This loss amounts to t~ree hundred
and twenty million dollars.
Ordinarily the data is kept under lock and key in Washington's ·•secret closet."
We may say there has been at least one substantial answer
to a prayer in a secret closet.
T
--o--
A
RM our merchant marine? For what?
.
First: That some of our ships may be sunk to the bottom
of the sea.
Second: To open the gates to th~ world battlefiel~ that we
may enter.
.
Third: That there may be shipped from our already depleted larder, still more food to one belligerent while he kills
the other.
Who is it that would not starve his enemy in order to escape death himself?
Did not England lay mines in the North Sea to prevent
neutral merchant ships 'from carrying food to Germany?
Was she not right? Is it not better to starve an enemy than
to kill him?
Is it not better for England to prevent the profit mongers,
the scavengers of war, from reaping their ill gotten gain
in the German marts than to let them reap a harvest while
the English soldiers die at the hands of a well fed enemy?
Whether right or wrong, lawful or unlawful , England will do
that very thing as long as she has power. Her life is at stake.
And what shall we say of Germany? Is it not better for
her that she should sink American Merchant ships, armed or
unarmed, than that they should sail heavy laden with food.
to feed the English soldier, without which he would not have
strength to kill the German? Is it not more humane for the
German to starve the :Englishman than to kill him or to be
killed?
When we send food to a belligerent, whichever it may be,
we make it imperative that our ships be sunk.
England blockaded the north seas with mines. These seas
are the ~ateway to Germany. Our ships remained away.
Had they gone, and been sunk, England would have disclaimed
the responsibility . . We would have lost and they would have
gained.
Germany has described a war zone about the allies for the
same purpose. She has not planted mines but submarines.
This is the highway to England. If our ships go there they
will be sunk. Germany's life depends upon it. What is it that
a nation will not do for its life? What is it that a nation is
not justified in doing to save its life? What other justification
is there for war?
War is where argument and reason end and force hegins.
This arguing about our rights under international law is
;ottish.
Armed Neutrality! What a · sham!
\
The Western Co!Jlrade
If the ships are sent they will be sunk. Every one knows it.
No one knows it better than, the government at Washington.
Every one knows that if a German submarine deliberately
sinks a United States armed merchant ship, that the people
of this country will . ~lamor for war. It will be the clamor
that arises out of blind passion, and our government will
respond to the clamor.
Citizens: We are on the verge of war. Armed neutrality
is our death angel. It will sprinkle blood on your door lintels,
calling for the life of your first born.
. --o-
1
S this preparedness- for defense or for conquest?
During the last twelve months the United States Congress has appropriated about $1,000,000,000 for a navy and
about $225,000,000 for forts and for the army. The forts
and the army are for defense, the navy is for conquest.
There is no danger of invasion. Russia with 280,000,000
people were unable to invade Manchuria against the Japanese
forces supported only by 40,000,000 people.
Why was this true? Simple enough.
Rus5ia was three thousand miles from her source of supplies.
Japan was practically at home.
Japan could, therefore, kill the Russian troops faster than
they could be transported to the field of battle.
Invasion from Mexico or Canada is a joke.
Japan is six thousand miles away. Germany is three
thousand miles away. Invasion from them is impossible.
The field of battle would be too far from their source of
supplies.
Invasion is the mud of the political scuttle fish. It is
stirred up to cloud the vision of the people. Blinded with
this their fears and passions may be aroused. Thus they
will be led to sacrifice their sons on the altar of mammon,
a nd the other fellow will get the mammon.
--o-
T
EN million trained fighters demanded. A universal military training bill is proposed. No nation will attack another nation with ten million trained fighters. Perhaps! But
the question is: will the nation with ten million trained fighters
attack the other fellow?
-·----0-"THIS country produced 400,000,000 fewer bushels of
corn in 1916 than in 1915; of wheat 400,000,000
fewer bushels ; of oats, 200,000,000 fewer bushels; of barley, 50,000,000 fewer bushels; of potatoes, I 00,000,000 fewer bushels. In these five crops the crop was down 1,150,000,000 bushels."
The government at Washington knew this fact. Yet there
has been no embargo placed upon the exportation of food
stuffs.
The scarcity resulting from this underproduction for 1916
is being assigned as the cause of high prices.
There would have been an abundant supply for all our
�The
Western
Comrade
Editorials
Page seven
If our ships of co~erce have not that power, then arm
them with guns and then we will be RIGI-IT.
If a man smite you on one cb~;ek, grab a cartridge, snatch
a sword, thrust him through and through with a bayonet
and you will have quietude.
BUT WILL YOU HAVE PEACE? WILL YOU BE RIGI-IT?
-oHEN such men as Charles Edward Russell, Ghent, Sinclair and Spargo advocate preparedness, it is time that
the Socialist movement call for a postmortem examination t(\
ascertain whether or not the spirit of Socialism is dead.
We cannot doubt the honesty of these ' men. We have
known them too long to question their integrity. How the
war spirit could have entered their 'great souls and put to
High the spirit of Socialism will always remain a mystery.
Some of the arguments that are advanced are so astounding
-othat one feels that they have entirely forgotten the science
HE world has gone mad. Ambition, greed, hatred and and philosophy of Socialism and reverted to the jungles of
revenge are engulfing all peoples. Under their deadly capitalism from which we all came.
ban all nations are warring or preparing for war. Each
In a recent address one of them said that "the life of this
nation is ambitious to gain more power. Each is greedy nation depended upon the defeat of the centri~-1 powers," that
for the prospective profits that might arise from ali enlarged if Germany was victorious and the German people thereafter
commerce. Each is hateful and revengeful toward all who should revolt against German militarism, that the Russian govinterfere with her greed and ambition. And all are entering ernment would lend her armies to the support of the German
a titanic struggle to spill each dther's blood.
government against the German people.
We are preparing to go and do likewise. We are told
Suppose the situation were reversed, would not the Gerthat our "National honor" is at stake, that international law man government lend its arms to the Russian government
is being violated, and that our rights that are guaranteed against the Russian people.
by international law are being infringed.
If the Irish revolution that was so brutally crushed last year
Honor- Rights- International law! What a travesty!
by English arms, had spread throughout the British Isles,
There is no international law. There was,- but there would ndt the Russian government have lent its armies to
is no more.
England to suppress the English, Irish, and Scotch people?
International law has been erased ·from the books. The
Did not Germany help crush the French Commune? Is not
pages now glare blankly at us. The old law has been blotted this the history of all governments as now constituted? Is it
out with blood. The new law is now being made. We may possible that these men would have us believe that one governsee it on the pages after the war is over. Until then we ment differs in character from another?
shall abide by the rule of the hour; and the rule of the hour
Have not the brutalities of Germany, France, England,
w:ll be the line of action laid down by the dominant power. Russia, Spain, Italy, been equally ferocious?
Whatever nation possesses the power, now moves as she
Whatever is necessary to be done by a government to
will. Who is it that shall say she shall not. If another has save its life will be, and always has been, done.
sufficient power then she may stand across the pathway and
All governments arise out of the labor or energy exprobid nay. But let that nation be sure of her power for without priated from the people. This power accumulates in propit there will come to her the deliverance of death while the erty. The owners of this property gather together and make
powerful will move on in her course.
laws to protect themselves in their privileges. They tax themThe siege gun, the field arsenal, the deadly gases, the selves to support their armies to enforce their laws. This
air ship, the submarine, the sea wasp, these and other forces is what is known as government.
are moving. When the war is over their movements will be
This is the reason why all governments are alike, equally
defined and written in a book. This will then constitute brutal and equally tyrannical whenever their privileges are
our international law.
in danger.
Honor!-National honor! What a farce! The honor of
Far be it from us to support or defend one such governthe hour is sheer power moved by ambition to conquer, and ment against the other. Fortunate indeed is it that these
greed to gain the control of the world's m~rket.
governments are at each other's throats. The sooner they
Right! -Our international right! What is our interna- open each other's jugulars the sooner will the people be free,
tional right? It is the power to sell our commodities to one The only sorrow is that millions of people are dying under this
belligerent for profit while he kills the other.
· terrible course. ·
people had an .embargo prevented the exportation of several
billion bushels of food stuffs.
So far was it from the intention of our governmept from
placing an embargo on the exportation of food that it is now
in the act of arming our merchant ships that they may carry
still more food from our storehouses to kindle the flames
of war.
The greed for gain is so insatiable that our merchants
resort to feeding our food to belligerents that they may kill;
rather than permitting it to remain in our larders that we
may live.
We die of starvation, they of hot lead, that the merchants
may reap a harvest.
It is time they were driven from the market place for they
have become whited sepulchres full of dead men's bones.
T
w
�The Western
Llano-Community of Ideals
!rJ
HE Llano del Ri? Co-operative Colony was e~ta:bl~shed
in May, 1914, m Los Angeles County, Cahforma.
It was undertaken by a number of Socialists,
though it was in no way connected with the Socialist
Comra'de
By Job Harriman
tion sets in, resulting from tyranny and oppression with its
attendant suffering and despair.
The movements are at first reforms, then they become more
radical. Later they are revolutionary and finally they develop
into a cataclysmic revolution, more or less violent, according to
party.
·
A wide difference of opinion had heretofore existed among the degree of sufferi·ng.
Socialists concerning the feasibility of all colonization enPolitical acti.on by those who are distressed is important to
terprises, but in the time it has been established this Colony the degree that it prevents political power, arising out of the
has progressed from a "utopian, chimerical idea" to a con- old institutions, from interfering with the development of the
crete practicality-from a dozen dreamers to a thousand de- new institutions.
The vital fact in this process is that the new institutions
termined doers.
The colonists have several thousand acres under cultivation are developed by the co-operation of the distressed who refuse
and besides conducting extensive u.gricultural, horticultural and to bear the burdens imposed by the old. Out of such constock raising departments, they are operating a number of ditions as these the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony at
industries and are building a beautiful and permanent city Llano, California, is arising.
out of materials produced almost entirely by their own labor.
Under the urge of the economic pressure of capitalism
They also produce a large portion of the necessities of life. there has developed an unnatural and almost inhuman state
Some Socialists have insisted that the powers of govern- of mind. This fact makes our problem doubly hard, because
ment must be captured before any far
it makes it incumbent upon us to proreaching, practical steps could be
duce not only the necessaries of life,
taken in the economic field, while
but also to produce a new social heart
of the universal conflict
and mind.
others were equally confident that cooperative, economic development must
of interests waging in the
This was taken into consideration
be conducted by the workers within
when the foundations of the Colony
outside world, a condition has arisen
were laid. It was this fact that gav.e
the capitalist system.
in which the physically strong and
It will require more than votes to
rise to our greatest apprehension. We
the
intellectually
cunning
survive.
put Socialism into operation. Votknew that the call of co-operation
The powerful and crafty
ing is important, but industrial action
would not only bring men from the
succeed; the good and humane too
four corners of the earth, but that
is imperative.
Officers may be voted out or in but
every one of us would come fresh
frequently go down before them. It
industrial systems can neither be voted
from a terrible struggle for life; a
is a survival of the unfit. It is this
hand to hand struggle with our fellowin nor out.
terrible fact that is developing a
Until a more efficient system is demen; a struggle that tends to destroy
world wide hatred of the system of
veloped, necessity compels that human
every humane impulse; that hardens
getting money and power, and domwants shall be supplied by the existing
our hearts and embitters our minds,
and makes us suspicious of each other.
cumbersome, wasteful industrial sysinating the world by brute force."
Yet we knew that this struggle was
tem. The new system must be develprecisely the thing that would create
oped within the old. The germ of the
a desire for co-operation and prepare
new is always within the old. ft must
germinate and grow and then burst the hull of the old and our hearts and minds for a freer development of a social
leave it to decay. The new germ thrives by its own vitality passion and for a life of mutual help, while at the same time
and not becau11e the old hull decayed. The composite elements sickening us with the prevailing brutal and iniquitous besiness
of the old constitute the new. When the elements of the old customs.
It is from such depths that all great humanitarian movebegin to disintegrate, new combinations- new institutions
begin to take their form as naturally as -water results from ments rise. These people are the material from which our
a combustion of oxygen and hydrogen.
future civilization will come, and by whom our institutions
New institutions thus developed, move along new lines, serve are being made.
Out of the universal conflict of interests waging in the outnew purposes and develop new rules of action. They are replete with energy and vitality and hence supply our necessities side world, a condition has arisen in which the physically
better than the old institutions. Their power is limited only strong and the intellectually cunning survive. The heart
by the number they serve. The greater advantages expand plays no part in our affairs.
The powerful and crafty sucthe new institutions, while the lesser advantages contract the ceed; the good and humane too frequently go down before
old, until the old succumb and pass away.
them. It is a survival of the unfit. It is this terrible fact that
It is our belief that primarily this is an industrial process, is developing a world wide hatred of the system of getting
secondarily it is political.
money and po·wer and dominating the world by brute force.
Industrial action is vital, initiatory, impelling and radical. Take all you can and keep all you take. This is the creed of
Political action is essentially conservative.
capitalism that is poisoning the soul of humanity.
The eyes of the one are toward the future. The eyes
Can this be overcome by a group of people located in the
of the other are toward the past.
very heart of such a system, even as it affects the people
By industrial action institutions are developed, while politi- in that very group? Can a new order of things be established
cal action serves to protect the iastitutions as they are.
in such a community out of which will grow a new social
The proudest day of any institution is just before a revolu- spirit? . Can the pathway to a higher social life be blazed
"OUT
�T h e W e s· t e r n C o m r a d e
through the thorns and thickets and swamps of capitalism? ency and is frowned upon by the community, and the greater
We are convinced that humanity is neither depraved nor the antagonism the more determined the community spirit to
.
wicked; but rather that the hearts and minds of men would put it down.
Moreover, the jealousies arid social antagonism here are
be as sweet and gentle and loving as in babyhood, if the stream
of life were not polluted by the vicious methods produced shallow and of short duration. The arrow. of jealousy is pointed at the successful. The successful is he who serves, and he
by the universal conflict of interests.
·
With this firm conviction we provided that in the Llano del who serves wins the public approbation and leaves the jealous heart to sink in its own corruption.
Rio community there should be :
·
Neither a re there In Llano- any economic privileges that give
First-an equal ownership of all productive property.
rise to class distinction, out of which social differences grow
Second-an equal income.
Out of these two provisions is arising a community of in:. and from which pride and jealousy and arrogance and all that
tends to destroy the social ties draw their strength and support.
terest that is far reaching and constructive.
Whatever tends to unite and strengthen the , social relation
Already there has resulted a complete transformation of
industrial affairs a t Llano from what exists on the outside, is looked upon as a blessing.
The desire for happiness is a fundamental heart longing.
as we ll as a revolution in the community spirit.
A desire for power and for the approbation of our fellow Music, drama and the dance! How they awaken and thrill
men is among the strongest impulses of the heart. Under ~very nerve, and inspire the mind and heart to better things.
[hey are the pathway to culture. We hold that all rightful
capitalism, the social power of an individual is al most entirely
determined by the wealth he takes from the community. This pleasures and amusements lead to culture and refinement and
wealth is used as a fo rce with which to determine the social tend to sweeten and purify and unify the social spirit. It is
policies a nd the policies thus determined are used to increase only the abuse of them that hurts and abuse comes only from
his wealth . The approbation of at least a few, follows close their being commercialized. No greater crime could be permitted in Llano than the crime of comupon the heels of this power. Thus
mercializing our amusements. It would
greed and ambition grow apace, while
rob us of our greatest unifying and
the mind is thrilled with a sense of
healing balm. The amusements bepower, and the heart hardened with
"POLITICAL action by those
long to the heart by right of inherbrutalities arising from its use.
who are distressed is imporitance; no man shall say them nay,
But in our community, where both
tant to the degree that it prevents
nor profit by the heart's longing. In
the ownership of property and our inpolitical power, arising out of the
Llano these amusements have made
comes are equal, no such wealth or .
old institutions, from interfering
great growth and they are as free as
economic power can be accumulated.
with the development of the new inthe air, and the spirit of our comYet the desire for social power and for
stitutions. The vital fact in this
munity is sweetened by the feelings
the approba tion of our fellows stili
progress is that the new institutions
a nd harmoni'es they inspire.
exists. Indeed, this desire is keener in
are developed by the co-operation
the absence of the dominatin g arisWhat will be done with the indolent
of the distressed who refuse to bear
and the lazy? Are we quite sure that
tocracy. Under such conditions, there
the burdens imposed by the old.
there are any really lazy or indolent
is but one way by which this desire
Out of these conditions the Lla no
men? May not so-called indolence
may be gratified and that is by renderand laziness be an appearance only,
ing service to the community and to
del Rio Co-operative Colony is
one's fellows. The character and valand not a reality after all? We have
ansmg."
ue of the service rendered determines
found it so. Men appear to be indolone's influence and the welcome with
ent only when they are unhappy in
which one is recieved. Thus a kindly
their occupations. Let one be transheart and a social passion are induced and dev eloped.
ferred to another field of action in which his heart, mind
Whoever wins to great achievement by serving his fellow and body are thrilled by the work at hand and he· will bend
men wins a peace of heart and depth of joy that are dearer every energy to his task and his task will be a joy.
than ltfe to him. From such come the martyrs of the world.
We must remember that the well nourished, healthy o:·It is the highest quality of service, by the keen, the alert and ganism ge nerates more energy than is required for mere
existence. This surplus energy will find its escape along
the efficient that wi ns.
The doors to the schools, to the industries, to culture and the aven ues, mental and physical, that bring the greatest
hence to efficiency are now and must ever remain open alike happiness. It is for this reason that all healthy men are
to all, for with us all are eq ually interested and have eq ual willing wo rkers if only they can find congenial occupations.
mcomes.
These are no longer theories; they are demonstrated daily
Eq ual interests, equal incomes, and equal opportunities at Llano.
open the way for development of all that is good in man, and
And the children, what of them? There will never be
lead him to consider the welfare of the community as of primal grass so green that their playful feet may not frolic there.
importance. The incentive for our actions is measured by But shall all their lives be play? They must be taught.
the joy to be derived from the thing sought.
Then what shall we teach and how shall it be taught?
Shall these little children sit on a bench six hours a day,
Whatever builds up our community seems good, for each
benefits alike by its growth. Hope , aspiration. affection, friend- five day a week and be taught to memorize their books?
ship, love-these are among the first boni characteristics of Shall they continue this for ten or twelve years ? What do
such a community; these are the elements of growth, of social they know when they are through this course?
Do they not revolt at such treatment? And their liltle
power and of moral determination; these are the holy ground
upon which the backbiter, the liar, the slanderer, the vilifier, bodies--do they not droop and wilt under the lifeless task?
Why not open the fields and the gardens to them? How
the bitter and revengeful dare not tread. Whatever tends to
develop personal antipathies develops weakness and ineflici·
(Continued on paae 25)
�Page ten
Art
Art at . Llano
The
Western
Comra'de
By Myrtle Manana
"I consider either drawing or modeling as superior to paint"WHAT is the object of your
work, Mrs. Fox?"
ing. I do not know that all artists would agree with me, but
I wanted to know why that is my opinion."
an artist is an artist and what the
The appreciation of art in America is much less than in
ideals of an artist at Llano might be. Europe, according to Mrs. Fox. Anything with color is preAre artists artists because they hap- ferred, and the little medallions which she makes and colors
pen to get into that line of work are always selected by purchasers in preference to the plain
or are they blessed with a vision de- white ones. This preference for color was known by ancient
Greeks, who artificially colored marble statues. The apprecianied the rest of us?
"My object? To get children and tion of color is probably better developed than that of form.
Persons with little artistic training or perception almost inothers familiar with art and especially with modeling. I want· to teach variably ask, on seeing the beautifully modeled statuary which
art. Art teaches truth. It fs a bene- is on display in the studio, "Oh, did YOU do that?" as though
fit to young and old. It develops it might be beyond human skill and was of some mysterious
a liking and an appreciation of truth. Modeling and drawing ongm. Things with which they are most familiar are most
are helps in anything that may be taken up, especially in the admired, whether these be paintings, drawings, or modeled
mechanical occupations. Art trains the eye, the hand, and objects.
The process by which a Henry Dubb, or a score of red
the mind. It has a quieting influence, inducing meditation and
reflection. To stimulate the observative powers it is un- roses, or busts of persons are made is not clearly understood
paralleled training. Art instils a love of life and of animals. by many. It seems incredible that anyone could, by mere obBut above all it develops love for truth, an appreciation of servation, mould plastic clay into a likeness, with the proportions all correct, yet without mechanical measurements
things as they actually exist."
For forty years Mrs. Fox has been a student of art, painting, being made.
Several residents have been modeled, some as medallions,
drawing and modeling. She puts modeling first, with drawin g
a close second in importance. Llano is fortuuate in having others have had busts made. The sitter merely sits, assuming
as one of its residents an artist of such genuine talent. More- a natural and comfortable attitude, with no particular attempt
over, she is a thorough Socialist with a clear understanding of to be quiet. Posed attitudes are abhorred by Mrs. Fox, She
strives to keep her sitters conversing on congenial subj ec ts.
what Socialism really is.
In Europe, studio-schools estimate courses at five to seven She is a true artist and catches even the expression in the clay.
years. Securing an art education is
not an easy thin g, nor is the path
an easy one to travel, though it is
interesting in th e extreme. An art
course in Llano can be made complete; how long a time would be required to complete it will of course
depend upon the ability of the student. But whether it is completed
or not, the time spent in learning
art is time used profitably.
The popular conception of art is
that it is a more or less useless
accomplishment.
But just a few
minutes' conversation with Mrs. Fox
will convince the doubter that art
is practical , that it is valuable training, and that it has a definite place
in industrial training.
The purpose is to have the art
MEDALLIONS OF LLANO CITIZENS are s\own on var:ous pages of this issue. Those
shown here are regarded as exceptionally good likenesses and would be creditable to
studio a part of the industrial
any studio or to any artist.
school. The work can be taken up
by very small children, and the little
tots in the Montessori school are even now, some of them, Therefore it is highly essential that it be a natural or char·
learning to take plastic clay and mould it into more or less acteristic expression.
faithful li kenesses of animals. Their conceptions are crude, of
The wonderful part of it all is that the artist is able to
course, yet nevertheless, the training is valuable, and they gain
keep right on working after the sitter has left. It is the art
a facility in the use of their fingers that cannot be gained of the artist that she is able to retain so vividly in her mind
in any other way.
even the expresions, the curves and the form of the face that
"Which do you consider the highest form of art-painting, the finishing touches are actually added an hour or more
drawing or modeling?" This was the second question on my after the model has left the studio.
list.
When the clay model is finished, which is perhaps in a week
Mrs. Fox studied a moment before answering,
(Continued on Page 28)
�Th e We$1ern Comrade
Why Parjs?
~
LL over the United States there ar a1ented young
people to whom the one grea~ object in _ li~e is to go
to Paris and study art. What ts the charm or ex~cta
tion which lures them all so far abroad?
The first surprise that greets the newcomer in Paris is the
extraordinary primitiveness of living conditions in the Latin
quarter. In the new sections of Paris modern plumbing, telephones, and certain delicate refinements of living which we.
lack, are in general use; but the art student must go to old'
Paris to get the full advantage of the art atmosphere, t1nd in
old Paris you carry buckets of water from a, hydrant in the
court up six flights of stairs, and live on si'mp)e fare which
would be a starvation allowance in the ordinary American
home.
..
I shall never forget the scorn of a girl from Butte, Montana,
whose sister was taken seriously ill in the night, and who was
abroad in the streets fo r three hours, half-dressed, even the
cabs refusing to go in the direction that she wanted, before
she could reach an American doctor. "Why, iq Butte," she
said, "I could have touched a button and had a doctor there
in ten minutes! " And back to Butte and civilization she went.
The first adjustments to different standards over, the artist
temperament revels in perfectly congenial surroundings.
In the La tin quarter one can stop almost anywhere, and
absorb "atmosphere," and study quaint detail until some new
attraction draws one further. The linger of the Middle Ages
lays a touch of beauty on everything. The great artists
lea rn ed a n elaborate code of harmonized irregularity which
they inhe rited from tht: Greeks, and they from still earlier
sources, which was lost for a couple of hundred years only to
come to light again quite recently.
The common people, when they put up ordinary homes and
stores, had never heard of any standard of mechanical precision, which came in with the era of machine-made things
and men. They let their houses grow, adapting themselves to
odd angles, and altering to suit new requirements till each
mediaeval building is either intentionally or accidentally a live
·
thing, full of personality and thought.
This e nvironment of harmony at every hour of the day,
everywhere, is tremendously stimulating to the beauty sense of
the art-starved student, and his vision is quickened even before
the real work which he has come so far to get, begins.
His first step is probably to join one of the many artists' clubs
now established in the "quarter." There again he encounters
young people, all congenial in aspiration. Then he enters
the studio from which he is to emerge a great genius and climb
to heights o f dazzling fame. Alas, that talent so seldom recognizes its limitations, and trying to grasp too much. loses
ev;rything.
The " quarter" and other refuges for the unsuccessfuC is full
of students of advanced years who still dream of the masterpiece, instead of using what talent they have constructively.
In the studio another surprise awaits them. The best
masters feel that they have a sacred charge in safeguarding
the originality of their students. They give almost no personal
instruction. They do not want students to copy their methods;
they want them to develop methods of their own. They will
correct a glaring mistake in d rawing and occasionally throw
out a n illuminating remark, hut what they offer is the environment an~ the . opportunity. the studio, the model,- the atmosphere. If it is. in the student. this will brin3 it out; if it
\.
By A. ·C o .a staacre Austin
is not ·t here, no rote lessons can help. One great master,
Ca.rolus Duran, had just one phrase which he repeated at each
easle: "C'est plus simple que cela'' {"ll is simpler than that").
Indeed, more talents are wrecked on the rock of detail than
on any other obstacle. Like Yankee Doodle, "they cannot
see the town, there are o many houses."
So this 'is the one thing that Paris gives a student which he
cannot find in the same degree elsewhere--environment; the
environment of one of the great treasure houses of the world ·
(this, it is true, can be found in many other European cities),
MRS. FOX MODELING A SUBJECT. This shows the method of modeling.
The gentleman appears lo have a set expression, but this is becauae .he
is being snapped by the camera and not because he is holding thi~
position for the sculptress. Though the model is not by any meana
complete, the wonderful likeness is easily discernible. This has been
achieved purely by observation, and though it is a source of wonderment
to visitors, the artist does not COJisider it at all extraordinary.
but especially the environment and association with the largest
and most talented group of artists in the world.
It is in the trenches now, all this young talent and enthusiasm, such part at least as has not given the last and highest token of its gratitude to the country which had offered it
the nourishment of its best impulses. It is laying down its life
for P aris, the Paris which so far, has led the world in originai
constructive thought; the Paris which dream&-and does.
That is Art in Being.
~
�Page twelve
Propacanda
The . New State · Executive
The
Western Comrade
By Walter Thomas Mills
T a very early day there will be a majority and a
What are the advantages likely to result from such an orminority report of the recent State convention on ganization of the state executive?
a new constitution for the Socialists of California subFirst: The Socialist party will immediately become absolute_ __ mitted to a referendum. In both of these proposed ly a worlci'ng class party. .
constitutions there is the same proposal to reconstruct the
Second: It will become a working class party, not by virtue
stale executive. Whichever constitution is adopted, this plan ?f any ;e~oluti.ons o~ platforl'l) declarations, but just because
will be adopted in any event.
. Jts admmJstratJOn will be so controlled that it will become
For this reason it is especially important that the proposal utterly impossible for the party to be anything else.
shall be fully understood. This is the plan:
Third: In the propaganda of the party under the direction
The whole membership of the party is· to be classified, of such a committee every industrial group interest in the
each member according to his occupation, in some one of the s~ate would be given proper attention and the political activifollowing groups : farmers, miners, transport workers, jnanu- ties of the party become immediately subject to the economic
facturing workers, building trades, printing_ and publishing interests of the great industrial groups within which all of the
trades. office, store and service workers, professional workers workers are employed.
Fourth: For this re~son the Socialist party will immediately
and housekeepers.
Comrades employed in more than one of the above groups become, not th~ sectanan defender of some economic dogma,
will determine their own classification, each to be listed once. but the champiOn of urgent economic working class interests.
On completing the classification any
Fifth: This arrangement will progroup having two hundred and fifty or
mote party organization as could no
more members within the state of Ca!other, for the reason that representaOMRADE Walter Thomas Mills
fornia will elect someone of their own
tion and influence in the state execunumber as a state organizer for their
tive is directly dependent upon memis one of the foremost Socialown group, and this state organizer
bership in the organization. With this
ists in the United States. His work
will by virtue of this election become
plan once adopted the number requiris known in New Zealand, in Ausone of the nine members of the new
ed for representation, to go into effect
tralia, in England. As an orator and
at an early date, would probably be
state executive.
thinker he is almost without a peer.
For any group not having two hunmade five hundred, and later made one
The Western Comrade is fortunate
dred and fifty members in the whole
thousand, and at each such increase
state an organizer for that group will
all of the party members, each acting
in having Comrade Mills discuss this
be elected on the general referendum
through those employed in his own inclause of the new constitution for
of the whole membership as heretofore.
dustry would make the fight for more
its readers. The adoption of the
Such a member will hold office only
members within his own industry and
majority report was due in no small
until there shall be a membership in
so extend the economic battle by the
measure to the eloquence of Comthat group of two hundred and fifty or
very process by which he increases the
rade Mills in the Convention.
party membership.
more, when the group will then, and
thereafter, be entitled to the election
Sixth: Under this arrangement no
of its own organizer, who will also
slate could be made up by any group
become its member of the state execuof people under which arrangement
tive committee, succeeding in office the member previously they could promote each other's candidacy, and so secure
elected on a general referendum.
control or keep control of the state executive. Each member
Each member of the new executive will be elected by, and of the party will vote for but one candidate, and he will
will be subject to the instruction or removal by, the members vote for a candidate to represent within the party the econof the industrial or occupational group which he represents omic interests of the industry in which he is himself employed.
as soon as any such group shall have two hundred and fifty No nine candidates could possibly combine to secure support
for each other, because· the comrades who would vote for
members.
The present membership of the party in the state is about each would have no other votes to be influenced in behalf
twenty-five hundred. The number from each group (250) of any other candidates.
This plan will make a state organizer out of each member
is only one-tenth of the total membership. Any group not
having at least two hundred and fifty members in the whole of the ·s tate executive. At the very earliest possible date it
state will be required only to increase its membership in the will seek to employ all these organizers, all of the time, reparty to a number nearly equal to the present general average quiring their exclusive service for the party.
of membership for each group.
It is hoped at a very early day to get nine men and women,
In another place in both constitutions the requirement is each equipped with an automobile and each abundantly qualmade that the local secretaries shall furnish to the state office ified for the service, who will be selected and controlled after
revised lists reporting name, address, occupation and standing the above manner, and who will give their whole time to the
of each member once every thr~e months, and the state office organization work. If the constitution is adopted, including
will revise its lists and its classifications · accordingly. In all these special provisions, it is altogether likely that this can
referendums the ballots will be posted directly to the individual be accomplished in a few months.
members, and when an election involves any particular group
That will mean that the Socialist party will increase in
only, then ballots will be posted to those members belonging permanent membership and in real power more rapidly than
to the group concerned.
it has ever qone before.
I
C
�The Western Comrade
Propacanda
About Socialism
Page thirteen
•
In
California
To the Socialists of California, Greeting:
Take heart! My comrade!
The State Convention has passed into history.
The Socialist party of California will soon come into its
It was the most significant. gathering of Socialists ever own. Already we have assurance that the National organizaassembled in this state. It is a mile-stone on our journey tion will give substantial assistance.
towards the co-operative commonwealth; a corner stone as
Catch the spirit of enthusiasm and service which each comwell, for Party building.
rade carried home from that convention, and go out into
It presages an increased membership--a re-vitalized move- the highways and by-ways and compel the workers to come
ment. It focuses the eyes of the comrades upon immediate in. Now is the accepted time.
realization and achievement.
The comrades of this state may well be proud of the deleIt takes us out of the maze of abstract theorizing and sum- gates they elected to represent them at the convention. We
mons to definite action.
rubbed elbows--many of the rough corners were knocked off
The spirit manifested throughout the convention was an -we know each other better.
With assurances of loyalty and comradeship.
inspiration. On a number of vital points, well defined differences arose, each of which was thoroughly thrashed out,
THOS. W. WILLIAMS,
Yours for the final triumph,
reducing same to a minimum and in many instances an enState-Sec.-T reas.
tire elimination. With but few excepSome Salient Points
tions, the comrades comported themselves with dignity and poise. The
present herewith some of the
discussion, while at times tense and
salient points in favor of the Majority
reason for advocating a
animated, seldom fell to the plane of
report passed at the convention.
new form of organization
personalities. I was proud to be asIt represents the position of the
along more liberal lines is, briefly
sociated with the group--as fine a lot
great bulk of the delegates who were
put, the old form is a proved failof fellows as you can find anywhere.
representative of the entire state. It
ure."-CAMERON H. KING.
The convention decided to initiate a
is not the position of any one man or
number of measures, such as a "Fair
"As propagandists we have failed
group but presents the composite posElection Law;" a "Social Insurance
and to him who would know the
ition of all members of the majority.
chief reason for that failure, I say
Bill" providing for disemployment,
It mak~ it possible to have more
sickness, old age pensions, etc; anread our numerous and elaborate
local autonomy on the part of the loconstitutions. I plead guilty. I helpother bill covering the Public Ownercals and the general membership. It
ed to formulate a majority of them
ship by the state of all public utilities.
reduces the power of offi~ials to a
and thought I was doing the one
It also endorsed the Equity Tax league
mmtmum.
amendment.
thing needful. But I am not a DemOne of the greatest deterrents in
One of the significant acts of the
ocrat- I can learn."
Socialist party activity is the tying up
convention proposes the re-organiza-N. A. RICHARDSON.
of people having diametrically oppostion of the party, the election of the
ite views along tactical lines and com"It is my opinion that the recent
State Executive Committee with nine
pelling these people to work together.
convention will mark a milestone in
members representing nine Industrial
The fact is they have not worked tothe progr~ss of Socialism."
divisions under the following groups:
gether. They will not work together.
-CHRISTIAN CHRISTENSEN
farming, mining, transportation, manuThe history of the Socialist party in
facturing, building trades, printing
all large centres is one continuous
trades, office and service employees,
scrap. The majority report provides
professional and housekeeping.
for the people who view things alike
It is also provided that all new members joining the party and hold to certain lines of activity, to work together and do
pay an initial payment of $1.00 covering three month's dues constructive service to Secialsm. If one group leans to politiin advance and pay 25c for ·a yearly subscription to the State cal action it can take out a charter and gather together all who
Bulletin which will be published monthly. Sixty cents of the may hold similar views. These comrades try out their theories
money thus received from each new member to be applied without engaging_ in an endless squabble with those who differ.
to a State organization fur.d.
The Majority report makes co-operation possible within the
Biennial Conventions are provided for.
party and abolishes the law of the jungle. It will not be
Things never looked brighter, and the future is pregnant possible for a small group of men to get control of the party
with possibilities.
as the party management will be in the hands of the rank and
The comrades are closer together than ever before. Our file.
movement, from now on, will go forward by leaps and bounds.
The old plan has proven a failure all over the United States.
Our membership will be enormously increased if, as the con- Let the disrupted locals in practically very large center in the
vention proposed, we place nine different organizers, each nation give evidence. Conditions can not be worse than they
representing an industrial group, in the fierd organizing, each are unless we disband altogether. We therefore ask the comgiving his or her entire time and attention to bringing into the rades through the state to vote for the majority report and let
movement workers in his particular line of industry.
us try it out. We have everything to gain and nothing to lose
The divisions of years will be dissipated and the Cl)mrade~ except a long record of Inefficiency for which we are duly
will line up as one invincible body to do battle with the ashamed.
.
·
common enemy, capitalism.
The adoption of the majority report on the constitution will
Our call is to the discouraged and disheartened.
be a red letter day in the history of the Socialist party.
"MY
..
�The Western
Page fourteen
The Socialist City
"We in the United States have not as yet made our cities dear with
the spell of art, with windows into the past, and all the varied riches
of the older and more gardened civilizations. Our towns are more like
camping out, so that their treasures are rather in neighborly life, and for
these things the bubbling subways and skyscrapers of Wallstreetville are
no recompense whatever. Do you happen to have a time-table with you?"
- Colliers.
Comrad e
By A. Constance Austin
accustomed. The United States is very vast. There are a few
fine pictures here but they are buried in museums and private
collections which not one citizen in a hundred thousand ever
sees, and that one only for a brief period, and perhaps only
once. There are a few, a very few, fine buildings, but even
in New York the ~chool children do not spend much of their
time playing in front of St. John the Divine, or the City Hall.
0 one ever heard of a European
What they absorb i$ the stupid vacuity of the resident streets,
artist coming to New York or
or the degrading hideousness of the slums. Broadly speaking,
Chicago to paint the beaufies of
the American child is formed by ugly streets, ugly houses,
business or residence district~. but
uglyr-fu-initure, ugly "pictures," and ugly Sunday supplements,
nothing is commoner than the artist's
unti~ all idea of beauty becomes foreign to him.
easle perched in some possibly illThis question of creating an environment is being taken up
smelling but irresistibly picturesque
corner of a European city. It is true with r;nuch enthusiasm all over the country. Fine architecture
that Joseph Pennell makes wonder- cannot be turned out by the mile by factory methods, but
ful etchings of New York "canyons," much has been done in the way of developing natural beauty,
but then he also makes wonderful in laying out suburbs on contour lines, and establishing careetchings of the inside of m~chine fully planned parking systems. Very few Americans as yet
shops. Rembrandt also could make have learned that it is worth while to put thousands of dollars
wonderful pictures of extremely ugly old women. Anyone into a work of art. If the money that some women spend on
who knows how to handle light and shade dramatically and dress could be diverted into pictures, what a sudden change
has the patience to wait for just the right illumination could there would be in the atmosphere of the homes of the wealthy.
In Llano we expect to meet
make a wonderful picture of a
many of these problems. There
cook stove. However, from the
will be no neglected waste spaces,
point of view of the a rtist the
a nd no really bad construction will
American city does not exist.
The Slaves
be possible, for no individual can
Now everyone knows that the
VAST, pervading multitude, they walk
over- rule the will of the coma rtist is a n unbusinesslike person
Throughout the earth with weary, solemn tread;
munity. The elimination of the
whose opinion has no possible imThey li ve--but lo! before my ken there fiock
oppressive features of the struggle
portance to city fathers. But eduThe greater legions of the ages' dead,
for life is attracting artists, who
cators a nd parents are beginning
Who. passing by in vision, seem to mock
Our lines of battle and our lines of bread.
will be in very much the position
to regret the elimination of artists
here that artists held in the creafrom civic life.
Parents, of
The slaves of cenluries, dispised, reviledtive period of the Middle Ages,
c:ourse, want the best there is for
These spectre millions make their anguished moan
In pleading accents : "We were once beguiled
when every great nobleman contheir children and this "art" busiLike you who live; alas! had we but known
ness is getting to be a fashionable
sidered it a part of the dignity of
Our latent power. we had lived and smiled
his position to surround himself
fad . The teachers on the other
Through virile years, to reap where we had sown.
with a nd support men of genius
h and have been trying to give the
"'Because o f igno rance we were oppressed ;
who added lustre to his court.
children some elementary notion
We did not reck the heart-destroying price
Llano will be proud to welcome
of what art is by means of an
Our babes must pay for our accursed bequest
a mong her citizens those who will
occasional lecture and some prints,
or bondage, poverty. disease and vice.
Or we had risen with a conquering zest
fill her homes and public buildings
and have found their efforts largeTo build for them, instead, a paradise.
with really first class sculpture and
ly futile. Some large cities have
painting. It is now possible for
adequate museums and _picture
"Shall ye. too, leave a heritage of blight
To curse your sons and daughters with your woe?
~alleries, and can do serious work,
a colonist to get a beautiful
Nay. seek to learn that ye may give them light
but art in a museum makes small
portrait bust or medallion, the
To sci their souls with love and truth aglow,
work of our very talented comrade
appeal to the untrained mind; it
And dissipate forever this dark night,
Mrs. Fox, in exchange for colony
lacks setting.
Tha t they its horrors nevermore may know."
credit cheques; so that already
T h e fundamental difficulty
The dream is sped; the great, remorseful th rong
any working man can have one or
against which the best educational
Have ceased lamenting. and the voice is still;
more specimens of real art in his
efforts struggle in vain, is environThe nameless host who drudged thro ugh eons longment. Children's minds absorb
home. Later great pains will be
Their unmarked graves the dust of every hilltaken to decorate the schools with
Exploited. driven low by want and wrong,
and reproduce environment autoHave all succumbed to one swift Reaper's will.
carefully selected examples of the
matically and inevitably, and a
little casual instruction in school
best old masters.
The serfs of ages !- working, fighting. dead I
may help them to say the correct
The earth is tarnished with the scarlet slam
So here the problem of enor martyred loilen--Oh, the stain is red!
vironment is being met. The unthing, on occasion, but does not
Hark ! ye who bound men down for sordid gain,
earthly beauty of the setting of
effect their m e n t a I processes.
And know that while your victims toil~ and bled,
our dream city makes a notable
When they come to choose a picYour souls were branded with the guilt of Cain!
ture or build a house they will
impression on the most atrophied
select something to which they are
(Continued on Page 28)
N
A
�The
We s t er n
Women's
Comrade
Department
Concerning ·B abies
Page 6fteer. .
By Prudence ·
s.
Brown
I
; - --~ AM responding to a call for a contribution to the than too soft a~mattress, as the little muscles strengthen thems.elves against this natural resistance. When our little one
!
1 Women's Department of the Western Comrade, and
I
. I have decided to begin a series of short talks, the first begins to struggle to creep, place him in a keeper, a little
to be a sort of defense of those wee things that can fence, so that he may be safe from falling, yet free to move
make no protest beyond a cry.
about. His interest in self-education is being born and his
I shall base my defense upon Dr. Marie Montessori's method instincts for activity are a sufficient st.mulus.
Is there anything so thrilling as the baby's innate efforts?
and shall quote freely from her writings.
If we understood the needs of babies, there would be very Watch that pretty head stretching upward, his back bowing
little crying, and it is very encouraging to note that we are and curving, his arms and legs stretching, reaching and graspcoming to ourselves. and are beginning to follow definite rules ing, his enthusiastic "screeches · of joy and exultation as he
of chiid hygiene. This is not because we mothers and grand- feels w1thin him each new impulse of power, and then trust
mothers lo ve our children better than our mothers and grand- · Mother Nature to straighten· his legs and· shape his nose and
mothers lo ved theirs, but because science has finally entered cars." Ponder all these fascinating antics of a baby in your
the sacred domain of the nursery, and has established there heart but don't talk incessantly about how cunning he is. And
accurate methods of feeding, dressing, and caring for infants. above all, refrain from calling other people to look at each new
A hundred ge nerations of mothers re ady to lay down their lives trick. How intelligent our baby is! He knows what you
in love for their babies did not discover the fatal effect of mean long before he understands your words, and would
unscalded milk bottles, and babies were poisoned by the thous- you keep him sweet and unspoiled you must be seemingly
divinely indifferent and most wisely
a nds. "The child was wrapped in
occupied with anything else but
swaddlin g clothes to avoid crooked
him.
Let me not seem cold
legs. his tongue was clipped that he
and uninterested in our baby. I am
might some day talk, he wore a cap to
"KING COAL"
so interested that I could sacrifice the
keep his ears from standitig out, his
HE new book by Upton Sinclair,
personal luxury of making too much
nose was stroked to make it grow long
begins running in the LLANO
over him in · order to give him to himand slender, and not remain too short
self and his own inner peace and poise.
and stumpy. Gold ear-rings were
COLONIST this month. It is the
Dr. Montessori says the method of
forced through his ears to make his
story of the Colorado coalfields, and
education that she has worked out "is
sight keener. In the first months, at
is told with the dramatic action with
a defense and a fortification of the ina time of life when the nerve paths
which Comrade Sinclair invests his
ner life of the child" and it will be my
are not yet developed and it is imposstories of modern industry. Right
pleasure in my next article to give fursible for the child to co-ord1nate his
to run this new book in the Colonist
ther means of response to this inner
movements, mothers would waste sevwas
secured through the good ofeffort of the little baby toward edueral half-hours a day trying to teach
fices of Comrade Sinclair. It is recating himself.
the child to walk. They held the baby
The new concepts of science as regarded as his best work- by many,
by his body and used the disordered
gards the care of children have been
movements of the little feet to delude
even superior to "The Jun gle."
wholly confined to the physical hygiene
themselves into thinking that these
and care of the child. Dr. Montessori
were the beginning of walking, and beis . the· first scientist to define the inner
cause the child began little by little to
put one foot in front of the other, and to gain confidence in life directly. However, we all know that the inner life is very
the use of his feet, the mofhers attributed all his progress to dependent upon the physical condition and we cannot pay too
high a tribute to the scientific people who have given us a
their previous efforts."
These were more than futile attempts at aiding the child's positive and accurate physical hygiene.
It was a scientist working alone in his laboratory who redevelopment.
Science first of all uttered the firm conviction that nature deemed childhood from the untrained nurse girl; the rickety
herself sees to determining the shape of the head, nose and cradles; swadling clothes; ,night caps.
Indeed, science has created an entirely new world for the
ears; that man will talk without having his tongue clipped;
that the legs will grow straight naturally; also that the baby, "intelligent, clean and pleasant," and we see infant morfunction of deambulation is established in nature and cannot tality diminishing in direct proportion to the diffusion of the
be assisted.
rules of child hygiene.
In advising this divine indlfference I do not want any one
These facts are now established and a great responsibility
is removed. What a joy to leave all this to good Mother to think that I would not at all times let the child feel my
Nature, and to occupy ourselves in the pursuit of ways and tenderest .affection. There is a vast difference between abanmeans to free the child and then to quietly assist at the miracle doning a child and freeing him.
Dr. Montessori says: "The criterion of liberty is not one of
of his natural development.
How can we free these little ones? Certainly not by bother- abandoning the child but by leading us from illusion to truth.
ing them and jouncing them and rocking them; shaking toys it points the way to the positive and most efficacious way of
in their faces and keeping the light burning nights, and giving caring for children," and I would add, of relieving the mother
from the fatigue of catering to the fallaci'ous whims of the
them tastes of things we eat.
The child w1th his limbs free and -in a comfortably· warm child.
Dr. L. Emmet Holt has given us a book on the physical care
place should be left much of the time to himself to kick and
roll and exercise as nature demands. Better a firm, hard bed, of the little child that is most invaluable to mothers.
T
.
'
Jolit...! ....
�Learning by D
FM
A. I hate school.
I wisht vacation would come and last for a thousand
years."
The boy who made that heartfelt remar~ didn't go to. school to lear!~
_ _ _ He went because he was compelled to go. His- fervent desue for a vacation
that would be a millenium has been echoed in one form or another by nearly every
boy who ever went to grammar school, and undoubtedly; by most of the girls.
This particular boy saw no reason why he should go to school day after day, to
spend dreary hours in an uncomfortable seat studying meaningless things out of uninteresting books. He detested grammar because it seemed to have no relation to
The . teacher pointed out various mistakes in his
anything in his daily life.
spoken English, but as his speech was perfectly intelligible to his playmates, there seemed
no valid reason for spending valuable hours poring over a book to learn why he should
say "isn't" instead of "ain't" when the latter was much more popular and was thoroughly
understood.
Neither did there seem to be any use in learning how to measure lumber, or the
number of quarts in a bushel, or about surveyor's measure. He never used them, never
saw anyone who did. Therefore school bored him unutterably.
Geography was just another scheme of wasting his time. So was "word'nalsis,"
and spelling, and history, though there was more interest in history. He wanted to be
outside DOING something. He wanted to do things, not merely read how to do them.
It was a long time before "educators" even noticed that the boy who left school
before fi nishing frequently made the greatest success of life. After they noticed it, they
failed to get its meaning. Finally there was the dawn of an idea. It spread. Now
educators are beginning to connect up with facts. Disdaining theories and precedents
for the time, some of them are pioneering, and have even had the hardihood to suggest
that the public school system is WRONG. Wrong in theory, wrong in application,
wrong in results.
About a y~ar and a half after the Llano del Rio Colony was formed, the Industrial
school began to take form. It was slow at first. There was no equipment, no
precedent, inadequate housing, no teachers.
George T. Pickett took a group of boys and suggested that they do something
to "show the rest of the Colony." The idea was popular with fhe boys. They took
hold. Some of them soon lost interest, but enough remained to form the "Sierra Madre
Colony," or the junior colony.
It has grown steadily. Now it has a house, foundation for a clubhouse, several
tents, a barn of stone and wood, and many acres of gardens, besides a good poultry
house. The boys cleared most of the land, hauled materials, built buildings. They
have horses, and cows, and pigs, goats and sheep and chickens, turkeys and guinea
pigs and pets. They have wa;gons and tools. They have trans£ormed a sage-brush and
greas-ewood wast-e ,into some of the most valuable land ,jn the Colony. They have added
thousands of dollars to the wealth of 'the ·Colony. .
But the purpose of the school was not to make money. It was to make citizens.
•
�The Wesle,. Co
rade
Elacatiaa
Attractive Way
Its purpose is not to show that boys can earn their own way, but to show the boya h
to 00 things. It is to educate. The boys have enjoyed "learning by doing."
When the number of boys who live at the school became o gre t that it wa
time to provide new quarters for them, they hauled stone and with the help of Comrados
Ferguson and West, built a stone barn with a wooden superstructure. The upper portion
is their dormitory. They made the beds. Their workshop i in connection with thi
building. They hauled poles from the mountains to do part of the timb ring. \Vith their
own horses and wagons they made trips to the timber, cut the poles, load d them onto
the wagons and brought them down to their school.
They were "learning by doing." It was not the learning of how to cut poles or
haul them, but the learning of independence and resourcefulness and confidence.
The boys used to have to haul water or carry it. Horses, cattle and goats were
led to water. They decided that a water system would be a great convenience. Pipe
was procured, a cistern dug, a filter put in, pipe laid for several hundred feet, faucets
installed, and now they have "city water."
At the time this is being written they have sixteen acres of garden planted, seven
acres of which is partly up. Beets, parsnips, carrots, onions, lettuce, cabbage, radiahea
and greens will soon be ready for use.
Sweet potatoes, tomatoes and cauliflower have been planted in their hot beds. They ·
expect to have more than one hundred acres of garden in all this season.
When other work is well caught up, tho boys work on the club house. This ia
..
a dreams of theirs and some day they will realize it. More urgent things have interfered'
and it is still only a foundation. But in the wait they have grown fastidious, and now
they are hauling sandstone which they are fitting together for a portion of the work.
Even with their inadequate equipment, with their makeshifts, with their lack of
almost everything they should have, the boys have made progreas. PerhapJ their
necessity has stimulated their resourcefulness. At any rate, they have done wondert.
But the girls have also learned. Mrs. Pickett has taken them in hand and they
have been taught housework. One of the domestic arts acquired by them hat been
quilt-making.
But with the "learning by doing" has gone grammar school training. Comrade•
Miss Austin, Mrs. Smith, John Shafer, Bert Staple•. We1ley Zornes, with Mr. and
Mrs. Pickett, and others at various times, have taken up the teaching. The curriculum
has been extensive, including music, botany, agriculture, langu.ases, horticulture, do~JJ.o
estic science. arithmetic. grammar, hisu:..-y, geograhphy, writing, spelling. literature, ek.
The underlying principle is to have the children 00 things. It hat bun found
that there is no difficulty at all in teaching the use of various arithmetical tabJeJ and
formulas when the work under way require& its use. Moreover. when leannd in tb'
way it is remembered. It has a reason. The study of entymology becmna fa.c:ina '
when it takes up the life of destructive insects which are making havoc ,nth the pnleo
and deserve extermination. It is remembrred. too. When the me of the
r and
saw is acquired by wwking on a bed which is to be used. the
{u '
DD P'Je 28)
�Education
Page eighteen
Th e
A H urn ani tarian Work
By Joe F.
-- ~ F I were asked to define "humanitarian," I should say:
W es tern
Comrade
Sullivan '~
By our humanitarian help they- these 300,000 crippled
"T0 aid our fellowman in securing justice, liberty, children of this generation and the millions of the generations
love _and equal!ty in al! th!ng~ necessa_ry to health, to be-would in this way be placed on a basis of actual
___
happmess and hfe ; to atd htm m becommg our equal equality, educationally, morally, and industrially with the other
physically, morally a nd educationally; to aid him in attaining classes now educated and cared for by the state. Consequenta fair success, which essentially depends upon healthy environ- ly, health, happiness and life worth while would be theirs,
ment, ample opportunity, proper relation to life and a hope instead of the now commonly known mendicancy, pauperism,
and helplessness.
for the future- to do this is humanitarian."
And if I were asked to point out an e-xcellent and unw,~ked
Our humanitarian efforts would result in taking the little
lieid where the immediate and effective exercise of a true cripples off the streets and out of the alleys, out of the povertystricken homes and the money-swamped mansions, and placing
hum a nitari~n spirit would result in aiding a certain negle~ted
clas; to dchieve and profit by all the above named esseutials them in specially built hospital-schools, erected and maintained
of humanita ria nism, I should certainly point out the big field by the state on their pro-ra!a of the school tax, where their
which, in my opinion, is in more urgent need of immediate crumpled and crooked limbs would be straightened and their
a ttention than a ny other of like nature- the education of minds a nd morals would be attended to in the best way known
crippled children in trades a nd professions suited to their to huma nitarian civilization and refinement. Thus they would
menta l and physical capabilities, to the extent that they may get the healthy environment.
By giving them an equal chance with the strong to cultivate
become self-supportin g a nd independent crippled citizens
and develop their minds; by
rather tha n become miserteaching them trades and
able and dependent crippl ed
professions, according t o
cha rges.
I ha ve no doubt o f the
their aptitude and enabling
A Good Covenant
humanitaria nism o f libera tthem to go out in life and
WILL start anew this mo rn ing, w ith a lighte r, fairer c reed;
ing approxima tely 300 ,000
become producers instead of
I v>ill cease to ' land compla ining at my ruthless neighbor's
mental a nd physical sla ves
parasites ; by making them
g reed ;
who today compose the
realize that it is the dynamic
I will cease to sit repining when my du ty' s call is clear ;
great and growing class o f
power instead of the brute
I will was te no moment whining, a nd my heart w ill know no fear.
negiected crippled children
or physical force with which
I will look some times about me fo r the things tha t merit praise;
of this country, for whom
man has to deal this day.
I will search fo r hidden beauties tha t elude the grumbler's gaze.
not one single state has seen
an ample opportunity would
I will try to find contentment in the pa ths I ha ve to tread ;
fit to provide educationally,
be had.
I will cease to have resentment when a nother moves ahead.
in spite of the fact tha t each
By the intimate associaI will not be swayed by envy when my rival's strength is shown ;
state constitution plainly
tion with the strong and
I will not deny his me rits, but will strive to p rove my own.
and amply provides for their
with the relined, a nd with
I will try to see the beauties spread befo re me, ra in or shine.
education just as it does for
those who look upon them
I will cease to preach your duty. and be mo re concerned w ith mine.
the free education of the
as being human with souls,
normal child, the deaf.
with hearts, with minds.
E. S. Kiser, in the " Baltimo re Sun ."
dumb and blind, the incorwith ambitions and with
rigible, the orphan , feeblepossibilities instead of being
de form ed creatures of inminded, and foreigner.
The millions of dollars collected annually as school tax and fe riority; by being trea ted as if their country recognized them
apportioned according to the number of children of school age as citizens ra ther tha n burdensome cha rges and that this
and intended for the education of the little cripples, a re mis- recognition was just a nd right, and free from pity a nd charity
appropriated by the school authorities of every state who use --in this way they would get the proper relation to life.
it to pay for the expense of educating the other classes, instead
And after all these had been achieved, after all this justice,
of using it for the special education of the criopled c 1•;ldrcn this liberty, this love , this equality, this health, happiness ~nd
for whom it was apportioned on a per capita basis. To usc life, this healthy environment, this ample opportunity, this
our humanitarian influence to rid the country of this colossal proper relation to life , there would be excellent grounds fo r
wrong and substitute instead a n effective special educationa l their hope for the future.
system, including special school building and accommodations,
And the result : Humanita ria nism would score a lasting victory in the ultima te success of these thousands of wronged a nd
would result in justice for the thousands of cripples.
And as a direct and worthwhile result of that justice, the robbed crippled children who compose the entirely neglected
crippled children, who are now actual mental slaves without class of human unfortunates of this great country that poses
even the usual and valuable muscle to rely on for self-support, as the "home of the free and the land of the brave."
,.
would secure the long-looked-for liberty, which would mean a
new freedom for them in the years before them- an indepen" King Solomon and King Da vid lived ve ry nau ~hty lives;
dence that r-0\fld make them citizens of inestimable value.
They enjoyed themselves exceedingly. with an awful lo t of wi ves,
Thus the s~uring of justice and liberty would so brighten Tlut, when old age came c reeping on, they experienced inwa rd qualms ;
SoSolomon w ro te the Proverbs and David wro te the Psalms."
and beautify their lives and works that they would love a nd
,.
be loved, hence they would know the meaning of love instead
We count men bra ve who o n land and wave fear no t to die--but still,
~~_li:~:ing the awful and degrading effects of empty pity.
Still, first on the rolls o f the wo rld's great souls are the men who have
-
I
I
.. ..
.. ..
•Managing Editor The Van Leuven Browne National Magazine, Detroit.
feared to kill.
�The Western
Comrade
Education
The. Federal Child Labor Law
eI
---1 HILD Labor Day was observed again this year (Jan-
Page nineteen
By Florence •· Taylor*
industry and business acumen, is learning far more of vice
uary 28) as a reminder of the fact that the child than he is of business. It does not take him long to find out
labor problem is still of such magnitude as to require that deceit brings in larger returns than hone'sty so he begs
_ _ _ that a special day in the year be set aside for a people to "buy hi's last" paper" when he has plenty more hidnation-wide consideration of it.
den around the corner, or he begs for a nickle because he
The significance of the federal child labor law in the move- "didn't have no dinner," or he tells the customer who gives
ment for child labor reform can not be over-emphasized, but him a nickle or dime that he has no change. These methods
it is not by any means the end of the fight. The great value of making money, and many others, he learns from the older
of the law lies not so much in the number of children it affects newsboys who are his constant companions. He learns to
for they are a small proportion of all the children gainfully gamble and pick pockets; he learns to go into saloons with
employed in the country, but in the fact that it makes uniform his papers because "de drunks make de best customers"· in
the laws of the forty-eight .states, sets standards for the states fact he learns innumerable bad habits to which the child in
to follow in the industries that are not rea.:hed by the federal the fa~tory is never exposed. Yet little attention has been
law, and makes possible more effectgiven to the street traders and only
ive enforcement because the prosone stale in the Union-Kentucky-ecution of violators will be in the
~as a law adequate for their protechands of federal courts ra ther than
tion. Kentucky has a 14-year limit
in the hands of local peace officers,
f~r all boys in street trades ( 18 for
as is the case with state child labor
gtrls) but there are 28 states which
do not regulate street traders at all.
laws.
The scope of the federal law is
and there are 20 states which have
limited to industries which ship good,
standards lower than Kentucky's.
in interstate commerce since ConThe largest group of children who
gress has no power to regulate in- ,
will not be reached by the federal
dustries whose business is done enl~w are tiwse employed on the farms.
tirely within the state. Children emThere are 1.419,098 of them and 18
ployed in factories, canneries, mines,
per cent of them are working for
and other establishments which proother than their own parents. The
duce goods for interstate commerce
National Child Labor Committee has
will be protected by the 14-year limit
recently begun an exhaustive investi(16 years in mines) , 8-hour day, and
gation of the agricultural child laborprohibition of night work, established
ers and its findings show that this
by the federal law. But children so
form of child labor is greatly in need
employed number only about 150,of regulation. The effect the work
000 children, as against 1,850,000
has on school attendance has so far
children who are employed in indusbeen the most important of the comtries of a local character.
mittee's findings. Even in states
It is these children on whom the
where there is a good compulsory
MEDALLION MODELED FROM A PICTURE.
emphasis is laid on Child Labor day.
education law, no attempt is made
M~ny of the objects on display have been
The inclination to consider the child
to enforce it in the agricultural di'smodeled from prints or photos when suitlabor problem at an end with th~:
tricls. The idea prevails everywhere
able originals are not easily obtainable. The
passage of the· federal law must be
that school is subordinate to crops
deer shown here is an example of this work.
changed to a realization that the fedand when the crops need attention
eral law is merely the tool with which
the children are taken out of school
to do the rest.
!:.i;;;;===============-;;;-;;;
-..,;-;;-~ to attend them.
In the sugar-beet
Why should not the child in the
!listricts of Colorado, 5000 children
store receive the same protection as the child in the factory? under 16 lose from 2 to 22 weeks of school annually because
The New York state factory investigating commission found of their work in the fields. One superintendent wrote to the
that store work involved as great fatigue and as severe nervous National Child Labor Committee this fall that not a single
strain as factory work a nd saw no reason for any discrimina- child who worked in the beet fields had returned to school by
tion in favor of the stores. While the work in the smaller November 20 and that none were expected before the middle
stores may not require the employee to work at the tension of of December. Some schools do not open at all for several
the large department store, the small store is usually the great- weeks after the beginning of the school year because there
er offender in the matter of overwork. A boy in Springfield, are no children to attend-they are "in the beets." The effect
Ill., was employed 85 hours every other week in a drug store of this lack of schooling is very evident from the per cent of
and the five and ten cent stores are notorious for the long retardation which in every school studied was higher for the
hours of work required of their employees.
beet workers than for the non beet workers; in some cases
The child in the factory works under supervision. The child sixty-eight per cent higher.
on the street works for no master and consequently is not conSpecial material on Child Labor in your State will be sent
sidered in need of protection. But is the street a proper place on request to the National Child Labor Committee, 105 East
for an unsupervised child? The newsboy who is always re- 22nd Street, New York City.
garded as an independent merchant, to be admired for his "Pub)i~ation Secretary, National Child Labor Committee.
�M asi~
Page twenty
Mechanics of Music
T
HE use of such a title will seem a
sacrilege to some. Others may
shrug their shoulders at the
seeming absurdity of using the two
words in the above connection. Yet
fact is sometimes stranger than fiction
and the fact remains that music is the
most exquisite complexity of mech-·
anics and . mathematics that can be
imagined. (I must include mathematics also).
l It has been said that the artist
is the person who can take the mechanics out of music and while this is seemingly true, he is really
the person who has such a deep and intuitive knowledge of
these fundamentals that it gives him complete control of all
the subtleties of music.
By means of his mastery of them he can sway audiences
to feel the deepest and most inexpressible emotions, or lash
them to the highest passions.
When I say mecha nics of music I do not wish to be misunderstood as describing the mechanical players of various
sort~ with which we a re all familiar.
Some of them arc
mecha nic01l ma rvels, but musically they still fall far short of
the ideal.
In the last analysis, music is simply matter in motion, and
a~ such it must follow absolutely and invariably the immutable
laws of mechanics.
It mi~~:ht also be said that in the last analysis life itself
is matte~ in motion , and it can be claimed that music may be
a manifestation of life, but at least we know that there is a
very subtle connection between music and life itself. Its
effect on the vital forces of our natures is marvelous and this
effect is being studied and utilized of late years with wonderful
results.
Ask yourself what music is, and you will find the simplest
answer to be : Tone set to rythm. What i·s a tone? A sound
whose phenomena has a regularity and definite manner of
occurrence. What is a sound? A vibratory condition of the atmosphP.re or a condition in which the particles move back and
forth at such a rate that it affects the ea r. There we have it
at last. Matter in motion, and the tones are pleasing only
when the motion is harmonic.
Now harmonic motion is motion which follows the most
exact mathemati-:al and mechanical requirements.
A body to be in harmonic motion must move in a certain
specific way, whether it is a particle of atmosphere moving
at a high rate of motion, or the piston of a huge engine moving
at a much slower pace and driving the ma,chinery of modern
industry. It must star t from rest, increase its speed at a
definite rate until maxim urn is reached, then diminish its speed
at a certain definite rate until it comes to rest. Then it must
reverse its direction, and go through the same cycle of increase
and decrease, and it must keep this up without the slightest
vanahon. This the particle of atmosphere must do when
tone is produced.
Viewed in this light, one simple, single tone becomes a
complex study of mechanic<ll and mathematical laws, and it
is only a beginning. We have only considered one tone.
Each change in the numbe:; of vibrations per second of the
atmosphere produces a separ·ate and distinct new tone even if
illiiliilill••
Th e West e rn Com ra d e
By L. W. Millsap, Jr.
the change is only a fraction of a vibration per second. So
between the extremes which we can recognize there is an
almost unlimited number of separate tones.
Custom has determined the rule of using only twelve of
these tones, and this doubles to produce all of our music with,
and mathematics again determines our choice of these twelve.
These twelve we call the chromatic scale. Out of these twelve
we again select eight related tones which we call a major scale.
We can make other selections of eight related differently,
which we call minor scales. It is the relation of their vibration rates that is important.
For instance, the first tone of the major scale can have
any vibration rate that we wish to choose out of thousands,
but when we choose the second one, it is mathematics that
rigidly determines our choice of the second tone that must
vibrate nine times while the first one vibrates eight times.
The third one must vibrate five times, while the first vibrates
four. The fourth must vibrate four times while the first
vibrates three. The fifth tone must vibrate three times while
the first vibrates two. The sixth must vibrate five times while
the first vibrates three. The seventh must vibrate fifteen
times while the first vibrates eight. The eighth tone or octave
is simply a double of the first; that is, it vibrates twice while
the first vibrates once.
Is that not a most bewildering array of mathematics? Now
comes a new difficulty. It is highly important that we be able
to use each tone of our chromatic twelve as the first tone, or
second or third tone, or any other member of the major or
minor scales, and as figures are exasperatingly honest we can
not do it without using more tones than twelve. This number
we could not handle with ten fingers or one voice, so we must
lie to our ears a little bit and train them to accept the prevarication without too much fuss.
As ligures won't lie, the liars must figure, so we proceed
to find out how much each of these vibration rates must be
changed to enable our tones to do duty in seven different
capacities without offending one's ears.
Mathematics without limit!
Still we have not solved the problem. We have only built a
scale. Two tones can be produced simultaneously, and a new
field opens up.
If one tone is the particles of atmosphere swinging back and
forth in harmonic motion at a certain specific number of
swings per second, then it is very apparent that when two tones
are produced at the same time at the same place, these same
particles of atmosphere are caused to respond to two different
vibration rates at the same time. You say impossible, but that
is exactly what happens. While our particles are swinging
back and forth at the rate of 100 times a second, they are
given another motion of say 600 vibrations or swings per
second, and a resultant motion is produced just the same
as if a man were walking back and forth on a wagon, while
the wagon was also moving back and forth between two points.
But we can and do have our particles responding to even ten,
twenty, or a hundred different vibration rates a t once, and then
the resultant motion becomes so complex and bewildering that
it gets beyond our comprehension. However, if the tones that
produce it are related by the right mathematical ratios our ear
recognizes the sound as a beautiful chord.
Even with a n abundance of both beautiful tones and chords,
(Continued on page 25)
�The Western Comrade
Page iwenly-oril!
Man's Social Awakening
~--- ,T is said. that the love of nature is a very modern in- and seen visions, and poured out his life as a triumphant liba1 vention.
To the ancients nature represented an in- tion to Hope. True, science in its early stages seemed to cut
calculable power constantly acting to their disadvan- under the foundations of Hope, and outstare vision with fierce
1
- - - tage, and was an object of fear. Not only were light- reality, but this was but a phase, the crude workings of half
ning and thunder, volcanoes and earthquakes terrible phenom- developed leaming. Now as science accumulates demonstraena and beyond all understanding, but storms, floods and tion; and expands illumination, it sees truths that reach beyond
drought came from nowhere, as the result of no know laws; the visions of the mystic into the knowledge of Law that
the wily politicians of the period trained the peopl€vto pro- harmonizes all the great half-apperceived forces with which
pitiate such manifestations by sacrifices to futile imaginings in the mind of man has grappled through aeons of evolution.
wood and stone.
Science demonstrates the law of mutual help collaborating· There are no representations of landscapes in ancient art, with and balancing the physical law of the struggle for life.
and no descriptions of nature in ancient poetry. The first conThe struggle for life in its wider application means the
ception of the beauty and charm of nature seems to have been struggle for an existence in which man can develop his highest
expressed in the bucolic verse of the latter part of the Latin aspirations unhampered either by nature's violence or by the
classic period. Even then it was only
violence of his own kind. The furious
landscapes softened and enriched by
resentment with whi'ch the whole civilthe hand of man that appealed to the
ized world revolts against the attempt
nascent sense of the aesthetic value of
of a reactionary group to force the outnature.
grown reign of physical violence to the
With the great art movement of the
fore tn an age that was beginning to esMiddle Ages there appeared first
tablish itself on a higher plane, is the
touches of a symbolic landscape used
measure of the degree in which the
purely as a background for the real
visi'on of a new standard had estabpicture, a group of figures of holy
lished itself in the minds and hearts
character.
It was not until the . end
of men.
of the grand period that Salvator Rosa
Man was beginning to trust man.
and Claude Lorraine came out with
Probably the strongest instinct in the
pictures which were frankly concerned
human heart is this craving for moral
with nature for nature's sake.
as well as physical security. Between
The important part of this long deindividuals man is constantly seeking
layed appreciation of the beauty which
the companion he can trust. Politiclies all about us, is the fact that it
ally and ·financially he is seeking the
was synchronous with the growth of
executive he can trust. He has esscience, the codifying of the laws of
tablished the reign of law as regards
nature, and the control which man was
property and hedged it about with a
gradually acquiring over his environprotective wall deeply founded on a
ment. He was no longer a shuttlecock
trained public conscience. This would
have seemed a wild improbabiiity a
in the hands of immeasurable forces.
He had learned to protect himself, and
few hundred years ago.
to a certain extent his crops, against
He was getting hold of the fact that
Modd. d Fi~ure of a Cld '. c P. o~~ct ol
property was but a side issue," an unstorms and drought. He calculated
the Llano Art Studio.
tides and eclipses, and was learning
important feature among the real valeven to study and describe the "stars
ues of life. Having accumulated imin their courses." Nature was no longer
mense reserves of wealth, a sense of
a blind mystery to be worshipped face to the ground, but a social responsibility was just dawning on the horizon of the
force to estimate, contend with, and conquer.
political and financial forces of society; the working classes
With understanding came a different worship, a worship of always have had at least a rudimentary sense of brotherhood.
the beauty and majesty of the erstwhile menacing terror; ad- Strange what a long slow process it has been to reach the
miration even of its fiercest forms, of wilderness, abyss and simple and necessary result, "to thine own self be true; thou
tempest. When law was discovered in nature, man found a canst not then be false to any man." How does it come that
firm footing in his environment and learned to control bgth -the newspapers were recording with surprise the advent of
his environment and his imagination. Confidence came with the "new social conscience," when this tidal wave from some
control, and with the understanding of the laws of the uni- subterranean refuge of the age of violence, submerged the
verse, in place of fear, came trust.
whole fabric of advancing civilization?
When the wave subsides the foundation~ of the building
Man has lived not only in terror ef his environment but
man has in all ages been a terror to man. Force has reigned will have te be erected anew. The confidence of man in man
supreme in the conflict of tribe against tribe, nation against has had a rude blow. The reaction towards violence is sending
nation, and race against race. Many visions have come to currents through many hidden and open channels. And yet
individuals of a higher law behind the elementary physical the recognition of the law of mutual help and mutual confilaw of self-interest. Animals and even insects have recognized dence has been demonstrated to the minds and consciences of
the duty of self-immolation for the preservation of the species. men, not as a vision or a hope, but with all the force that
But man alone has sacrificed to the' idea, has dreamed dreams,
(Continued on page 25)
1
I 1
�The Wester n Comrade
Fiction
Page twenty-two
Met's First Assignment
sy
Frank
L. wright
- - - T was on the night of the thirtieth of October, or Doyle's livery stable he woke up old Mike Hennessey, the
rather two o'clock in the morning of the thirty-first, general utility man of the establishment and helped him hitch
and clear as the proverbial bell, and lighted by a the big gray mare to a light cart, the only vehicle available.
___ brilliant moon just beginning to wane. The town of In a few minutes, Met, in a borrowed pair of gloves, was
Tressler lay sleeping under its flood of light and the only place urging old Liz down the ~treet toward the river road in a
that showed signs of life was the sec0nd floor of the Argus swinging trot.
It was only thre miles to the Crawford place, the turnpike
building, where Demetrius Jones had just finished making up
packages of the "Tressler Argus" for delivery to the surround- was ideal, and Met was enjoying himself hugely, when just
ing villages. The papers had been wrapped in bqndles of past the ]ohnso.t place a shrill, unearthly scream rent the air,
the requisite number, marked with the name of the place and and a white-robed thing v.rith long trailing garments sprang
of the man who would distribute them, and slid down a chute into the road from behind a bunch of elderberry bushes, and
for fifty feet or so into an express wagon, the driver_"of which glided along beside the cart.
Met grabbed the whip and struck the mare wildly, when
met the two early morning trains,· the two-ten southbound,
and the two-twenty-five going west, and sent them to their the apparition screamed again-a diabolical, staccato yell.
with an undercurrent of ghoulish laughter that actually tickled
respective destinations.
The last package had coasted merrily down the glassy chute, Met's risibles, scared though he was. Then it reached out.
caught the wheel on that side of
and bumped into the waiting ·
wagon . The- driver had sung ~=======-=============~• the cart, and threw it clear of
out, "Well, is that all?" and on
~ the fence by the roadside. Met
could actually hear the wood
Unite, Y e H o S t S !
receiving an affirmative reply
breaking as it was torn off,
had told the old horse "Giddap,"
and rattled off down the street.
By :vlarguerite Head
1
though no jar was perceptible,
Demetrius was tired and peeved.
WAKE! Awake! 0 mighty throng,
i nor did that side of the vehicle
The long night's work a round
And fill this sad old earth with song!
'
fall, but kept its proper height
the newspaper office had left him
The wealth of air and sea and land
above the road. With another
scream and a cadenza of inWill yield itself to your demand;
weary, for he was J ack-at-alltrades in the printing plant, and
Fulfil Creation's vast design
human glee the visitant passed
the duties devolving upon him
And make the world a place divine!
to the other side of the road and
were legion. He was sore beGod's country come on earth will be
operated in the same manner on
The commonwealth where men are free.
cause of a certain Hallowe'en
the other wheel, but the body of
party the night before, which he
Too long the brunt of toil ye've borne;
the cart, still attached to the flyhad been unable to attend on
Too long of earth's delights been shorn;
in;; mare, carried Met along the
Too long ye've cringed to king and peeraccount of those same duties
road without changing its relaand where the only girl in town
Too long have lived the slaves of fear.
tive position. Hysterically Met
had worn a fancy costume, and
Arise! Arise! and stand as one,
kept his seat, lashing old Liz
And ye shall be oppressed by none;
bobbed for apples with the other
with the whip in a vain endeavor
Go forth and win a bloodless fight!
young fellows, and all to his detto out-run the ghost or whatever
Up! Up! Ye scattered hosts, unite!
riment. He had a mighty good
it was that pursued him.
With a new series of hideous
notion to quit the old job and
screams and a satanic giggle, it
find something more agreeable,
reached down from behind,
where he could work during the
daytime, and see a little more of that girl. These were some somewhere, and catching the cart by the axle jerked it bodily
of his thoughts as he sat wearily down on an old stool and from under the boy and threw it into the brush. He, however,
leaned back precariously against the head of the chute to rest still maintained his position behind old Liz, a nd still held to
a moment before locking up and going home. He was the the reins and whip, the which he still plied vigorously. The
.last man on the job, except, perhaps, oid Gribble, the "City mare's best effort:- proved in vain, for the shape, with a wild
Editor," who kept all sorts of hours. 'Met liked the old fellow paen of ghoulish triumph, seemed to grab her by all four legs
for all of his crabbed ways, and was not surprised in the least at ont.:e, and threw her sailing over the fence into a pasture
when Gribble himself suddenly hurried into the mailing room beside the turnpike. Met still kept his position, holding the
and called out, "I thought you would still be here. I want lines tightly a nd still wielding the whip, nor did he slacken
you to go out to the old Crawford place down the river road speed in the least, but to the accompaniment of what seemed
right away. The old lady has been found murdered in her a chorus of all the wierd noises he had ever heard, he drove in
bed, and they have just phoned it in. No one else is here, and through the gate toward the old Crawford house, which loomed
you ought to be a pretty good reporter by this time. Go up directly in front of him. Desperately he pulled first one
line and then the other in order to miss the house, but without
around to Doyle's, get a team and hurry out there."
Old Gribble's order put Met in a little better humor, for he the slightest effect, for BANG! he struck on the sidewalk
had long had a yearning for real newspaper work, and this where but a moment before the express wagon had stood re·
was his first assignment. He got" up from his chair, went out ceiving papers for the morning trains.
on the back stair landing, reached in and snapped out the
Rather dazed, but not much hurt, he stiffly arose and climblights, made sure the spring lock caught, as he had always f.d up the back stairway, reached in the door and snapped out
done, and hurried down the stairs, buttoning his overcoat as the lights, made sure the spring lock caught and trod down
he descended to the street level. Trotting aro"und the corner to
(Continued on Page 28)
I
A
�The We sf er rr Comr a de
The
I
Dr.ea.m
.·
'~ T was a summer day. The balm of June
: Was in the air. A gentle breeze
I
' Like the blessed breath of Ceres waved the corn.
The ~ppies swayed and flashed their myriad hues.
The uncut wheat rolled gently, in golden billows
Like a summer sea; and as I passed
I plucked the poppies and, twixt their fragrance and
The thrush's song, I fancied earth was Eden.
I gained the brow of a low inviting hill
That overlooked the fields, and there lay down,
1\·ly head on my arm, and with the poppies
O 'er my face to shield me from the sun
I brea thed the sweet seducti'v e smell, the while.
Reflecting on the dreary page of man.
My thoughts ran back to savagery's dismal vale,
T o gloomy ages ere the arts were born
When crudest tools, in rudest hands, matched man
'Ga ins! na ture- how then he fought , and wrought, and
lived.
I thought me then of present days (when, so
It seemed to me) the elements as slaves to man
Like valiant armies wait upon his will,
And march, a nd counter march, at his command.
The sunlight filtering through the poppies' bloom
And falling on my ha lf-closed eyes, entranced
And mingled shades and shapes in. witchery
Like magic, seemed to paint a pageant dream.
It seemed tha t I had slept a hundred years,
Awoke and gazed upon another world.
The ruthless unconserving hand of Greed
Had stripped the globe of natural forest growth
But Art- reflecting through the Social SoulHad clothed again the hills with forestry.
The coal, whose vast depoiits seemed to be
Exhaustless as the air, had vanis~ed quite.
No farm house graced the plain, and everywhere
The fields were garmented with strangest plants.
A smokeless, noiseless city now I saw,
Whose architecture had a charm like music,
A melody congealed, and fixed, in waveless ecstacy
Where every bar and note blent i·n such poise
That the city was itself a harmony
Whose music could be seen. Thoroughfares,
Whose wide and winding pavements stretched away
Past witching landscapes flanked with statuary,
Groups where Ceres, Clio, and Apollo,
Each with emblems of their constitutions
To Art and Science, lent a classic charm.
Here, Ceres with her sheaf and sickle,
There, Clio with her pen and parchment
And yonder sat Apollo with his harp.
A noble pile that symbolized some theme, I knew not
Claimed attention. It rose so high
The white and fleecy clouds enrobea its shoulders,
A base o f bronze, whose panels in relief
Held countless symbols, where every science, art
And industry were grouped; the 6.gure that rose skyward
~11:1!1111I:IIIIUIIIUIIIIIIWIII1lllmliii!IIIBIIIIIJ!llllllli!Wimii11Dilllllii!IDiillillllllllllliiiiiJIIDRID!UilllliiHIIllilllli1!llllllllllilUIIIIIIIU
By D- C. Travis
Crowned with stars, was white. as. Parian marble.
No cannon flanked the base; the. figure
Held no sword. The pose was not heroic.
What can this be? I thought. 'T1s not a warrior,
Nor politician in mock statesmanship.
I wondered much, and wished I might enquire
What it meant. "Come," said a still small voice,
And ere I was aware, a Geni touched my hand,
And said, "Come forth." He waved his hand
And floating gently up, bore me aloft,
The ground receding fast soon seemed far off
And lay beneath my eyes like a dim gray plain.
"You cannot see," he said. He touched my eyes
And the vision that I saw filled me with joy.
The world was strangely peaceful; no strife of war,
No fortress marred the hills; no armies marched;
And on the seas wide range no navies rode;
·
Gaunt Famine with her bony hand I saw not;
But everywhere was peace and song and plenty.
The smoky, noisy mill of old was gone
And in its place arose, proportioned fair
A splendid structure, clean, li'gh~. well ordered;
No gloomy smokestack poured its vomit forth;
The cities lay in clear and smiling sunlight;
And far the billowy grain fields stretched away
And yonder spread an orchard o'er hill and vale,
In graceful undulations until its compass
Was wide extended like an inland sea.
There, great mills where potash rocks were crushed,
Which, spread upon the soil renewed its youth.
The kelp beds, peaceful navies ga.thered up
And gave the fields. Soil chemistry
Was now the happy handmaid of the plant.
I looked to see whence came the energy,
That turned the mighty mills, and drove the car;
That sped the swarms of ships and plowed the fields;
Old Neptune labored valiantly for the race.
The solar rays that gently kissed the earth
Caressing ·fondly as they blessed, were ha-rnessed,
The world's work done by waves and rays of light.
The old laborious methods gone forever.
These ocean waves--these solar rays
Have beat upon the earth since time began
And through the ages man has spurned their offering.
But now their ceaseless energy that rolled
A trillion tons of might for every breath
Was by the alchemy of cunning
Made to banish night; to light the hearth,
And e'en to stimulate the growth of plants.
What man of might achieved all this I asked?
"No man, my child, but men," the Geni said.
" 'Tis the cumulative efforts of an age." .
"What is yon lofty pile with starry crest
Kissed by the sun above the di-ifting clouds?"
And the Geni's voice echoing from the far sky said,
"That is a pile erected to utility."
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�Page twenty-four
The \Ve-s tern Comr,cle
lnfluences· of Environment
I
'
T · has ~bee~. said that "thoughts
are thmgs.
it would . be more
· proper to say that lhoughts are
the result of things. The human
brain may well be likened to a photographic plate receiving impression);
through the organs of the fi-ve or perhaps six senses. · The aggregate of
impressions .made upon the brain by
our environment constitutes tfie sum
total of our knowlec.!ge. The function of the brai·n is to co-ordinate
these impressions and to react to
them for the preservation of the organism. The organi1m that
faiis to react properly to environmental stimuli is lost. The
brain must receive the needed impressions and the organism
must perform the proper reaction or life is impossible.
Suggestion
The stimuli received by the brain causing it to send motor
impulses in co -ordinated series to the organism may be_called
suggestion. Suggestion is not necessarily the spoken word
of one person to another, which causes the latter to react,
but may be the re~ult of any thought-provoking scene, sound,
sense, taste or smell.
Th e Windo ws of the Soul
Let us discuss the suggestions received through the organs
of sight. It is through the medium of the eye that the greater
part of our knowledge is obtained. Perhaps that is why the
eyes have been called the "windows of the soul." Yet any
occulist will tell you that the eyes do not always report things
as they really are. We shall , however, not go into the physics
of vision, nor discuss too minutely its mechanism.
The visible worlds refracts and reflects light. This light
strikes the retina of the eye, stimulates the optic nerve and
carries the image to the optic ganglia deep in the brain. From
there it is transmuted into consciousness and causes nervous
reaction according to the way and the degree that the scene
has impressed the beholder.
·
The result of a visual impression or suggestion differs greatly with different individuals. What impresses A profoundly
may have but little effect on B. Tb illustrate:
An artist, accompanied by a friend, went out to the sea
shore to watch the waves dash against the rocks. It was a
drizzly, wet afternoon and the wind from the sea was unpleasantly cold, but the artist seemed not to notice either. He
was enraptured by the majesty and power of the waves. It
seemed to him as though he could feel the elemental forces
of nature surge through his being. He realized that no matter
how perfect his art, he could not hope even to approach the
majesty of reality. While the artist was thus in ecstacy, his
companion entreated him to come away, - as they might be
late for dinner. To the one the sight of the ocean meant
veneration and worship; to the other it was just so much
slopping water. Their mind types differed. What stirred one
had no effect on the other. If the artist were dyspeptic, the
sight of roast beef, which perh!lPS caused hi's companion to
rejoice, might have awakened in him only sadness and envy.
Here then, are two things to be considered. What we see
affects us, first, according to ·our mind type. That is, accord·
in14 to the particular pa;ycho-motor centera affected; and next
By Dr. John De q u e·r
the physcho-motor centers· affected may depend upon our physical condition at the time we look upon the scene.
When. fully rested our mi'nds are more alert than when we
feel worn and tired. In health we are keener than in sickness,
also more 9bservant. In youth we are more impressionable
than in age. The functions of the brain are governed, to a
great extent, by our physical condition. Our physical condition is, in turn, governed by our physical environment. It
is rare · to find <; healthy and vigorous brain in a worn or
emaciated body.
.
Not only does the sight of things impress us emotionally bu't
physically as well. I have personally witnessed an incident
where the sight of fly-blown meat acted as an emetic upon two
members of a party of surveyors and prostrated four others of
the party with nausea, while the others were unaffected.
Our Social Duty to the Eye
We may consider it a rule that wholesome sights make for
wholesome thought, to the degree that our visual impressions
make up our mental life. We should, therefore, endeavor,
not to keep man from seeing the ugly but rather to so beautify our environment that the ugly shall not exist. In this the
Llano community is blessed by Nature. The scenery is -varied
enough to impress many types of mind. There is softness and
delicacy of color, vastness and grandeur of geologic formation ,
scope and distance of vision and, while as yet we have some
ugliness and deformity of capitalism still with us, it is our plan
to remove it as fast as possible . We hope to see the work ot
man and the work of Nature blend into one harmonious whole
for as the sight of the unpleasantness makes for sickness and
mental depression, so the sight of beauty will make for inspiration and health.
The Ear
If what we see has an influence for weal or woe upon our
mental and physical organism, what we hear is surely next in
importance. The ear conveys impressions to our consciousness
in a way not very different from the eye. Again when A desires to impress B verbally, he uses the air, draws it into his
lungs and then sends it forth by way of the trachea to hi ;
vocal chords. The vocal chord~ are through the nervous or.
ganism under control of A's br<~ in . Thus the air is set into a
definite series of vibrations, which enters the ears of B and are
carried by the auditory nerve to hi's consciousness as words.
Words are to the consciousness the symbols of things. Things
are capable of affecting the organism according to their powers
of action. Hence to tell of them may excite the nervous orga nism of the body.
Blu~hi ng is an instance in point. A's simple allusion to a
perhaps harmless act or condition, will cause the vaso-motor
nerves to act, and the blood vessels of the skin to dilate,
causing the red glow in the skin. If the spoken word angers,
the action may extend to heart and lungs. Some writers maintain that during a fit of anger the coagulability of the blood is
heightened. Other physiological effects have been recorded
as the result of angry excitement.
The Social Effect of Careless Speech
While a few words may unduly excite an individual, the
constant repetition will finally effect an entire community for
good or evil according to the effect by the spoken word. As
(Cunlinuec! on Pqe 29)
�T h e We 1 I e
rn
Co m
ra
de
Page twenty-five
Llano-Community of Ideals
they laugh and play as they open the irrigation waterways
and watch the water as it trickles down along the row~ of
plants and flowers. They ask a thousand questions. ''Why
can't we turn Of! more water?" "Why is it better for the water
to run slowly?" "What makes the ground wet so far from the
ditch?" "What do you mean by percolation?" "How does
the water percolate?" Ah, he does not know that he is learning the science of irrigation.
Can he not be taught to play while he is gathering the ·
melons and tomatoes and berries? Will he not want to know
how many he has gathered ~· It is easy to impress the mind
with what it wants to know. And behold the infant mind
begins to comprehend numbers. Will he not ask about the
insects that infest the plant&? What a field of knowledge
opens before him there. Object· lessons everywhere is the
Llano way, and the children learn by doing what to them is
play.
If the desire to know can be kept uppermost, the mind will
drink in and assimilate knowledge as naturally and as beneficially as the body takes its food. Under such treatment the
mind will grow as does the body and the judgment will de-
velop by means of the mental activity just as the muscles develop by physical exertion.
Our method is to afford the child something to do. To see
that he does what he enjoys most. We do .not let his labor
become laboriot;s. When he is tired of the garden we show
him something in the field. Then we let him work with the
horses, or hogs, or cattle, or angoras or chickens. We always
teach him to do the thing in }Vhich he is interested. When
we teach a child a new thought we at the same time teach
him how to do something vitally connected with that thought.
The mind grows by what is done and not by wha~ is merely
memorized. The secret of life lies in the · power to execute.
All great, intellectual, heart and soul development takes its
root in, and grows out of, execution. Llano children learn
by doing.
I would give the world to· feel the rythm that inspired the
soul of Beethoven, or inspired the creative vision of Angelo.
The moments thrill would be worth a life; yet without the
power and training to execute, neither the rythm nor the vision
would ever have stirred their souls.
Execute! Act! This is nature's mandate. Whomsoever will
not neither shall he taste the real fruits of life.
The Mechanics of Music
we still have no music, for we have yet to set them to rythm,
and cause them to suggest periodic motion before they make
their strongest appeal to us.
Tones themselves, as explained above, are rapid motions of
particles of atmosphere, but the affect only our ear in the
form of sound and do not appeal to our sense of motion until
we produce them and discontinue them in accordance with
intervals of time. These intervals must be such that we can
indicate them with real motions of our bodies or simply follow
them in our minds with periodic regularity.
just why tones must also suggest periodic motion to cause
the effects of music is difficult to explain, unless the reason
lies in the fact that all life, and in fact all nature seems to
be made up of periodic motion.
All the heavenly bodies as far as the eye or telescope
can reach are ceaselessly swinging round in efliptical paths;
going to an extreme, and returning again and again.
Our earth tips its axis back and forth. The seasons come
and go with periodic regularity. The tides rise and fall. Day
follows night, an so on. These things are part of nature ,
and so are we. Our life may in some way be the result of
t~e things, or as the ancients believed, it may be influenced
by them. And modem science has not yet disproved this.
Anyhow, our own lives depend on this same periodic motion.
Man's
s0 cia I
(Continued from page twenty)
All the vital functions are periodic. Our chest rises and falls
with the breath of Hfe. Our heart beats unceasingly, with
periodic motion, and other functions follow the same rule. In
all matter the molecules move to and for. The atoms composing the molecules likewise. The electrons and ions do the
same, and where is the end?
Is it not strikingly natural then, that the sensation caused
by periodic and harmonic motion of tones should be pleasing
to us, and does it not follow that when we cause them to also
suggest periodic motions of our bodies that the appeal and the
stimulation and the effect on life itself is doubly strong?
Shakespeare rightly said:
"The man that hath no mus1c m himself,
Nor is not moved by concord of sweet sounds
Is fit for treason, strategems, and spoils."
Another familiar quotation states the truth as follows:
"Music hath charms to soothe the savage breast,"
and all because it follows so exquisitely the basic laws of the
universe, mechanics and mathematics. Thus ar'! the laws of
of mechanics and mathematics glorified when functioning in
music, and when we meet them in sterner. capacities we can
feel more kindly toward them.
Awakening
lies behind the great mass of historic evidence scientifically
sifted and collated. Man can only come into his own and
manifest his powen and possibilities in an enviroment of peace
and confidence. If his understanding and his ,relating himself
and his activities to nature's law, brought him power and greatly increased perceptions, so his understanding and consciousness of the countless inter-relations with and responsibilities towards his fellowman, are the condition of his next step
towards a higher plane of existence. Every act of v~olence
<Continued from page nine>
(Continued from page twenty-one}
or arbitrary power, every violation of implied or accepted
stewardship, is a reaction towards a bygone barbaric age. The
acceptance of the standard of social responsibility, of social
service, is the rock on which the new society must rest its
edifice. In his relations to his fellowman, as well as in his
relations with nature, fear and suspicion must be superceded
by a practical working knowledge of the law of mutual aid,
by co-operative living, deeply grounded in conhdence
and trust.
�Maca-zine
Page twenty-six
The Western Comrade
Sammary
What. Thinkers ·Think
The Substance of Instructive Articles In February Magazines
WORLD'S WORK
How Much Fresh Air Can a Man Stand?--Modern medical science is
editino the medical facts which we have been caref.,lly trained to believe,
just ;. other sciences are putting a superstructure on the "truth" of the
last generation. The fresh air fad and deep b·~'lthing depend on the
fallacy that the lungs can be made to do more than a certain amount
of wo rk. Deep breathing helps circulation but there is always oxygen
enough in any room and if the air is kept in motion and kept c~l
the lungs will get the benefit of it. The skin is more affected by bad a1r
than the lunos. The man. who walks home from work with his head
up and takin~ full breaths of air, is getting real results, exerl;ise, stimulation to the skin, better circulation, benefits that go w1th a good carnage
of the body. and a generally brighter outlook on existence.-C. P. Cushmg.
Tbe Last Word in Pork.-Chairman Clark, of Florida, has the same ambition as the Empero r Augustus, who ."found Rome bric~ and left it
marble." Mr. Clark advocates erecting marble monuments not as post
offices or court houses b~t as temples dedicated to the '"betterment of our
citizenship." It is obvious tha t it is just as important that villagers should
be good citizens as dwellers in a Metropolis. Hence a $150,000 court
house in a town of 6000 inhabitants.
Tha t certain court houses are only
used four days in the year is ano ther unimportant detail. Senator Tillma~
has been converted by the refo rmers. "( am taking a fatewell, as 11
were, and this is my valedicto ry on the stealing business. I should be
ashamed to go home to South Carolina and tell my people that I had
voted $300,000 fo r South Ca rolina."- Burton J. Hendrick.
THE MASSES
England After the War.-Mr George, m the Enghsh Review, says in effec t . "Very few su ffragts ls have suffic tenl taste fo r economics to organize
\..·omen workers into un ions. . . No new women's unions have been
created during the war. In the past they failed because they were unskilled. Now they have served an apprenticeship for the skilled trades
end they will keep the ground they have won." No workers, men or
women, have been able to organize against unemployment, but if the women
nre preferred to men aft er the war they will organize, for they will have
for the first time a basis fo r o rganization. The problems of demob1hzahon
present a wonderful opportunity for creating state socialism out of hand.
Will the present English Premier miss a chance so to his liking ?- H. M.
INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW
Letter From an American Comrade Ahroad.- We have answered a cosmic
summons and responsibility, with a collective poltroonery of action, a
shamelessness of apology, which has made Socialism a thing of disgust
forever. " We who were not Socialists always hoped that Socialism would
at least save us from wa r. Only it turned out that there were no SocialISI S.
The old movement can never rehabilitate itself. but something will
spring up in each country. perhaps not even taking the name of Social
Democracy. but taking and enlarging its facts and principles. It will not oe
cl~a rly a struggle between classes. Our various theories will become obsolete.
Political gove rnment will be transmuted into economic administra-
tion. Many volunta ry economic groups will spring up, and employers out
of self-defense will sha re the profits and administration with the wo rkers.
THE ATLANTIC
The Second Coming of Art.:._We have seen art break down in shameful
degeneration until it disappeared in the murk of silly substitutions; but we
are in the midst of a world change that means the definite downfall of all
that same century of enlightenment has stood for, and the coming of a
new era as different as Mediaevalism was from the Dark Ages. Art is a
symbolic expression of beauty, of the highest things that exist, and the impulse to such e xpression lies not in pe rsonal incentive but in the communal
push of the community, the nation, the race. The new art will be an art
of beauty, and this beauty will be wha t it has always been, a definite
real and changeless thing, not the insolent assertions of myopia, astigmatism and color blindness. Beauty, craftsmanship and universality: the
three points in which our own art most signally failed. When we see
their first evidences we shall know that a beginning has been made towards
the discovery of an old heaven and the building of a new earth.-Ralph
Adams Cram.
Alcohol and Human Elliciency.- Alcohol even in small do~rcises
a deprc..mg and degeneratiye effect. The acceleration of the heart
action is not due to direct stimulation of the heart musclee, but must be
referre9 to a partial paralysis of the cardio-inhibitory centers. The break
is taken off the heart. Alcohol is the key that unlocks the door to the
chamber of disease, degeneracy and life-failure, and as revealed by experiments on large masses of men, is wholly evil in its total effects. Death
is always a pathological finish to some form of poison, strain, starvation,
injury or bacterial infection, and by avoiding the inRuences that undermine
our health we shall perform a service far more important than that of
adding a few years to existence, we shall lift mankind to higher planes
of living.--Eugene Lyman Fisk.
CURRENT HISTORY
Wartime Methods in Germany.-Distinguished savants and socialist
leaders, women social workers and young girls who dare to think, are
being imprisoned "preventively" under the most outrageous and cruel
conditions. A government must be in a bad plight indeed, to lock up
the· brightest minds in the country for the purpose of stifling their valid
impulses. By eliminating the directing elements of the opposition the
government thinks to crush the head of the serpent : it has learned nothing
and forgotten nothing. The system which grows worse the longer it
lasts is purely a matter of arbitrary brutality. One might imagine the
whole thing to be a mad house drama, but it is a reality and a "state of
siege." For all these persecutions it has been necessary to create an army
of police spies. They use their present positions as hiding places to
escape military service, and not wishing to go into the trenches they send
other men to prison.-Herr Dittmann (Address delivered in the Reichsta ~ 1).
Great Land Ironclads and Victory.-The business of war has been absolutely revolutionized since 1914. War has become an impo~sible luxury
fo r any barbaric or uncivilized race. The decisive fac tor in the sort of war
we are now waging is the production and right use of mechanical material.
The "tank" is the most recent symbol of this industrial aspect of war, and
opens a prospect of limitless senseless destruction: it opens also a pros-
pect of an organized world control of war. There is no definite upward
limit of mass, and a tank as big as an ir.onclad, devastating fields, villages
and towns as it passes, is not difficult to imagine. This tank development
must ultimately bring the need of a real permanent settlement within the
compass of the meanest diplomatic intelligences.- H. G. Wells.
POPULAR SCIENCE
The Most Wonderful of Worlds.-Saturn has a year equivalent to
twen-t-y-nine of our years, but his day is only ten hours and fourteen minutes long. His diameter is 75,000 miles, but though ten times larger in
diameter than the ea rth he is not so dense. He would float on water like
so much pine wood. He is surrounded by three rings, each one thousands of
miles broad, and by ten moons.
The rings are composed of extremely
minute bodies, each of which pursues an orbit of its own around the
planet, and is in fact, merely a satellite. These small bodies combine to
produce the same illusion as our clouds which though composed of separate
particles, seem like a continuous body.
THE FRA
Tbe Disadvantage of Owning Cbildren.- 1 glo ry in my motherhood.
have walked the floor nightly and esteemed it a privilege. Sickness, the
destruction of furniture, motherly stoutness, what are these to the ripple
of childish laughter and ·the thought that I am molding the character of the
men and women of tomorrow? But it is with a deep sense of guilt that I
realize that we are harboring in the neighborhood four children and a
dog. Flower beds have been trampled on, cement walks are injured by
roller skates, and there is noise I The dog will have to go. And we
are wond.ring now if we can, for a consideration, dispose of the children.
- A Mother of Four.
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
Mind Your Eyes.- The things we do to get rid of .. something in the
eye" are far more dangerous than the foreign body itself. Never rub- the
eye. Close it and let the foreign body "cry" out. The eye's capacity for
protecting itself is our safest dependence, and our greatest danger is
from infectious diseases. Teach your children to avoid people with red
and inflamed ~ye•. and never inve•tigate any eye complication with a questionable finger or handkerchief.- Woods Hutchinson.
THE OUTLOOK
Experimenting With Children.-Scarcoly anyone is content with the way
in which public and private schools are training the children of America.
�The
Western
Comrade
Marazine
Mr. E.liot, of Harvard, and Mr. Flexner, have inaugurated a campaign
of reform, which is now taking practical expression in New York. The
children art to be brought in touch with real life in every way, and are
not to be forced to study classics or standards until they have learned to
value them. They must be compelled to learn to spell and the multiplication table, and anything else that serves a chosen purpose. This school
will omit everything for which an affirmative _case cannot be made out.
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
Industrial Pnparednea for Peace.-Our chief fault as a nation is the
wanton waste of material. We import things from abroad which we could
produce at home in vast quantities from by-products.
One cement
company utilized its waste last year and produced $80,000 worth of
potash. One third of the feeding value of the corn crop is in the stalks,
but we have not found any generally profitable means of handling it.
/1. large part of the apple crop is wasted every year on account of unscientific marketing. New plants are constantly being introduced which
adapt themsel\'u to conditions which had previously been considered hopeless. On land so pocr in humus and nitrogen that practically no othe1
crop will grow. melilotus thrives, and by its own growth and decay will
store up sufficient humus and nitrogen for any of the staple crops.E. E. Miller.
INDEPENDENT
Summary
Page twenty-sev,en
own produc;ivity. How is shrinking wealth to give him an expanding
wage? They were suddenly forced to tum out huge quantities of a product
in order to save their lives, and they acquired efficiency overnight when it
served a national purpose instead of the profit of another person. The
enormous accomplishment of "unemployable" women is the final term in
the incredible amount of energy _let ·loose in England by the war, which
soon will express itself in an industrial revolution.-Arthur Gleason.
AMERICAN REVIEW OF REVIEWS
Compulsory Arbitration in Railroad Disputes.-ln politics we have learned to lest the full power of a nation without violence; · in international
questions we still have war and shall so do until we learn to satisfy the
intelligence of the weaker party some other way. In industrial matters the
recourse to violence still rule;. So we have employers hiring gunmen and
workers blowing up bridges. Compulsory arbitration is a form of violence.
A man cannot arbitrate anything which he feels-right or wrong-to be
necessary to his development.. We must find a better way than strikes or
arbitration as civilization advances.-Aibert Chandler.
• • •
WAR
"A summons to immediate action" from a League•representing the principle colleges of America. "We are unreservedly opposed to the entire
philosophy of force upon which are founded all systems of exploitation
How the Minimum Wage Works.-Ten states have passed minimum wage
and militarism." Militarists believe that you can convert people by knockacts . The disasters predicted have not occurred. The women have not
been replaced by men, because the average "unemployed" are not quali - , ing them - over the head-the theory of the religious wars of the Middle
Ages; but at least the religious persecutors did not claim that you could
fied to take the places of the girls. There has been no tendency for the
convince people not to trust military force through beating them by means
minimum wage to become the ma ximum wage. " Evidently," says the
of more men, and more munitions. As regards the physical advantages
Federal report on Oregon, "the mo re poorly paid girls have been benefitted
of drill General Baden Powell protests against excessive military training
while the better paid have not suffered. The idea that the prices of comfor boys and Dr. Charles Eliot, of Harvard, says: "Military training seems
modities would be advanced seems also to have been a mistake.-W. J .
to me to be one of the poorest forms of bodily exercise." We are comGhent.
mitting America to a policy of far-reaching military preparedness just when
Turning Garbage Into Fuel.-ln Austin, Texas, they are making fu el
Europe is hoping to throw militarism aside. 'This magazine proves by efbricks worth $6.50 a ton out of thei r garbage. They first sort out the
fective arguments that it is a mistake "that no effective influence has been
valuable and non-combustible matter, then grind up the remainder and
exerted by governments unless supported by force." "That the Roman
mix it with coal dust ( a was te product) and water-tar (another waste
imperial government protected its subjects wherever they might go." "That
product) and press it into bricks which' have the same fuel value as the
it has been from time immemorial an unquestioned - duty of governments
best bituminous lump coaL-Robert H. Moulon.
to protect the property of its citizens in foreign countries." "That national
liberty has been usually obtained by war." "That war periods have been
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
periods of special national unity and love of country; that military training may, therfore, be expected to make our people more united and more
Political ldeals .-ln proportion as men live creatively they cease to wish
patriotic." Address, Collegiate Anti-Militarism League, Sub-Station 84,
to interfere with others by force. There are goods which can be apNew York City.
propriated to one man's advantage by force, and others which all may
share alike. If one man knows a science that does not prevent another
man from knowing it. If one man is full of good will towards others,
What Questions Have You
that does not mean that there is less good will to be shared among the
rest. You may kill an artist or a think er but you can not acquire his art
to ask about the Colony? The Publicity departmenl is desirous of learning
or his thought. Economic systems have a profound influence in moulding
what points are not made clear. Questions most frequently asked are to
character; the principle of good in every creature is at once fra gile and
be put into booklet form. Will you send in those that are asked you
infinitely precious . Modern capitalism frequently forces the wrong deby others or which are not clear to you? Address: Publicity Department,
cision upon those who are not heroic or exceptionally fortunate. If a
Llano, California.
majority so desired, we could within twenty years, abolish all abject
-opoverty, half the illness, and the whole economic slavery which binds down
nine-tenths of our population.-Bertrand Russell.
Sir Oliver Lodge Takes the Stand.- The matter-of-fact air, the attitude
of candor and detachment which Sir Oliver Lodge takes towards the phenomena that he is describing is the most striking point in his latest book,
in which he describes the evidence which proves to his satisfaction that
he has co~municated with his son, recently killed "at the front." He
frankly confesses that he thinks the "control" may have picked up some
of the material from outside sources, but he feels that, inasmuch as the
other utterances of the medium were often evidential, he had no right to
pick and choose. "Especially," h~ remarks, "as I know nothing about it,
one way or the other." Sir Oliver Lodge sums up in this way: '"There
is no 'other world'; the universe is one. We exist in it continuously all
the time ; sometimes conscious in one way, sometimes in another.' ' Lawrence Gilman.
CENTURY
The Social Revolution in Enrland.-For the first time in their history
the English are thinking in terms of a State. The blood spilled by the
working classes at the front has been justified by the profound modifications wrought in English consciousness. At 'l>ne stroke war won those
things for which in peace the working class . seeks in vain. It will demand
that the same humanity be let loose into the daily life of the factory. Is
the basic work of peace less worthy than trench routine? The huddled,
sheltered, unproductive life of the middle class has opened out into the
freedom of usdulness. Unionism had trained the workingman to fight his
Our Mail Bag
Peter Hansen, Washington, sending in $2.00 for subs., says "I w"'
very much pleased to read in the Comrade about your very successful
efforts in nearly every line of humari endeavor. I hope you will continue
to enjoy the same steady progress in the future that you have in the
past, so that your good work may become a positive power for the good
of this country, and a place where men and women can find refuge
who are longing for a sane and more balanced life. I, for one, would
certainly prefer it."
• • •
"Two of us have practically made up our minds to come, but must
first sell our properties here. And if we find Llano as pictured, we'll
make Comrade Lafranchi's Idaho bunch grow to keep ahead of the New
York brigade. At the meeting Sunday night of Executive committee of the
Socialist Local some questions arose about Co-ops .. and Llano was much
talked of. Your weather reports interest all of ~s. as we had more
than enough zero weather, and are literally buried in ice and snow. Every
one is interested who hears of it." -Fred. J. Smith, New York.
• • •
Subscribing for himself and a friend, Alex Kuklish, Michigan, writes :
"I must say that the January COMRADE was splendid. I could not lay
it down until I read the whole of it, Then it kept me awake all night
dreaming about Llano."
�The Western Comrade
Page twenty-eight
Met'~ FirstAssignment~cont.
from page 22)
as
the stairs buttoning his overcoat
usual. Home, .,. bath and
good day's sleep restored his faculties, but he wiU never forget
the happenings of the October night, the brilliant moonlight. and old Liz and the cart, and that gibbering, screaming,
laughing thing that sprang out from behind the elderberry
bush. Every time he passes that elderberry bush below the
Johnson house, the goose pimples come out on his back, and
elderberry pie will nearly throw him into hysterics to this very
day. The Banshee haunts his dreams and he often finds himself gliding along the river road pursued by the fiend and
wakes up to curse himself for dreaming of the time he fell
asleep on the stool at the "Argus office," and slid down the
mailing chute, dreaming all the events narrated here in a
fifty-foot slide, and the bump that followed. Suffice_)t to say
that he did not quit his job, and that old Gribble gave him
a raise and made a real newspaper man of him. Also that
he and the only girl in town are now living in a modest cottage
not on the river road, and are as happy as is vouchsafed to us
poor mortals to be. But he still shudders when he thinks of
his first assignment.
Art at L Ian 0
{Conti~-ued from page 10)
--===============--
or so after it was started, it is ready for casting. This is the
mechanical complement of the art process. A mould is made,
sometimes of one substance, sometimes of another. Mrs. Fox
usually uses a glue mould. It is in pieces and is fitted over
the model. When the form has thus been secured, the mould
is taken off, the clay model taken out, the mould put together
again, and the plaster of Paris poured into the mould. When
it is hardened sufficiently, the mould is taken off in pieces
and the bust or medallion, an exact replica of the clay model,
is almost done. It must be finished by taking off the lines
where the mould fitted together, sometimes little inequalities
must be corrected, and it may be colored or coated. As many
as are desired can be made from the mould.
Students usually · begin by modeling simple objects, such as
Rowers in relief. These are handled in much the same way.
The finished Hower, a rose for instance, is then colored. Many
of theie were purchased by colonists as Christmas presents for
their friends.
One of the most admired products is the "Henry Dubb
Junior" modeled after the creation by Ryan Walker. Previous to this came the "Henry Dubb." made with two faces,
one lugubrious, one smiling. Ryan Walker commented on it
in a letter to Mrs. Fox and complimented her on this unique
conception.
The art studio is a most interesting place to visit. Paintings,
modeled objects, and drawings are everywhere.
Asked how the Llano studio would expand and what place
it would have in the development of the Colony, Mrs. Fox replied: "It will be a part of the Industrial School, a link in the
industria! training."
There is a possibility that Llano will some day have a
pottery. There is good clay here; it has been tested and given
the approval of the foremost potters in the United States.
Should the pottery be established, artists will be necessary.
They must model the designs for the pottery. And in this
wor~ the training of the art school will have a definite place.
It Will supply a need. And in the meantime it is one of the
in~truments by which the youth .of Uano may be trained. The
children who grow up here Will have advantages which are
denied to ~ost children, advantages that they will probably not
appreciate because they are so easily obtainable.
The Uano Art Studio is even now one of the interesfing
~laces of Uano. It will become more and more. interesting as
time goes on.
Learning by Doing (Contipued from page 17)
correct handling of them has a reason that theory alone
would not give.
One of the most impressive things in connection with this
school is the effect on the pupils. Bad boys become tractable
when -their surplus energy can be turned toward doing con5tructive work.
The Industrial school at Llano is not perfect. It is not
stabilized, even. It is not completed. It is crude and experimental. But enough has already been demonstrated to
prove its su(>eriority. Enough has been accomplished to show
that it is founded on a r.orrect principle. It develops initiative.
It is training its student~ for life and in the ways of life. It
is not an artificial environment. It does not stupidly machine
its pupils: it develops them. It educates. They are not
grooved into a single pattern; they are allowed to grow
naturally.
It is the Daniel Boone of the school system. It is reaching
ahead into the wilderness. It is blazing the trail. Of course
it is not alone in this; all over the country similar steps are
being taken, though not in exactly the same way. It is not
a finished product, an exhibit that can be inspected without
finding flaws. But its flaws are not those of the establish~d
system and most of them are due to lack of conveniences and
equipment and sufficient teachers. They are temporary and
not fun '!amental.
Learning by doing is inspiring. It is logical. It does not
make the road to learning a royal road, but it at least paves
it. Some of the worst places are bridged.
There is still much to. be done. But a school that has
taken land worth $10 an acre and has made it worth hun•
dreds of dollars, that has built buildings, and at the same
time given its pupils an education has accomplished something.
Measured in dollars it is a huge success. Measured in education it is satisfactory. Measured in inspiration it is an achievement. The Industrial school is destined to become as typical
of Llano as is its system of government and its medium of
exchange. It is in its formative stage and may yet meet with
setbacks, but its future is certain. It is the logical system of
education, therefore it must inevitably grow and succeed.
The Socialist City
~ue~r~~ -~age
14)
perGeption. The children respond with vital appreciation.
The city itself will be an object lesson in harmonious
simplicity. The furniture will be made in the Colony under
the direction of competent artists, and it will be possible
for each individual to have some real works of art
in his home. In music, the same conditions will prevail, the
public entertainments being free to all alike. Musical ability
already has every encouragement and a surprising variety
of expression. The next generation will grow up in an atmosphere of beauty and harmony such as will exist in no other
city in the world. And this will be the result, not of any
exceptional combination of wealth and opportunity, but of the
concerted effort of an ordinary social group to work together
to a common end, and combine their resources of money and
energy for the Common Good. ·
�The Western
Comrade
Page twenty-nine
The · Birth Control Review
This publication has been started by Margaret Sanger to interest the
public in birth r.ontrol propaganda. The difficulty is that tire clan of
people who read such magazines do not need its leaching, and the class
of people who need it, never read. By bringiag the evidence she collects
to the notice of doctors and nurses, much can be done to improve conditions. In F ranee birth control is exercised as a matter of course by
~veryone, when necessary under medical advice, and it is hard to see
why American doctors or the legal fraternity shoulJ be prejudiced again.t
it. lhe argument of Charles S. Sumner, secretary of the New York AntiVice Society, that the common people should not be discouraged from
breeding like rabbits, because nature corrects over-population by war,
Aood or pestilence, would make good material for a comic opera. He
is further of the opinion that Belgium is a fine example of the beneficent
effort of nature to thin out and redistribute population. The point that
is generally overlooked by people who misinterpret the "survival of the
fillest'' theory, is that a comparatively small proportion of the children who
are exposed lo conditions of overcrowding. foul air, ill-nourishment and
lack of educational opportunity, actually die. The great mass of them
grow up sub-normal, defective, vicious, to curse the community which has
allowed them to come info being without making it possible for them
to be alive. They are the roll<n hull undor our ship of stale which at
the first crisis will sink, dragging with it the gay rev<llers in the saloon.
The Birth Control Review is published at 104 Fifth Avenue, New York.
Ser?
The problem of an indefinite pronoun has often been discussed in the
press, and several suggestions hav• been made lo meet the difficulty. No
one who writes much can fail to recognize how seriaus the annoyance is.
" No lady or gentleman caught in such a predicam<nt can fail to see
tha t in steering his or her car into the sidewalk, there is a risk not only
of breaking his or her neck, but of having his or her intentions misinlorpreted, by casual passersby. who might imagine that the performance
was undertaken for his or her amusement."
Phew! Wail 'tili I get my breath! What was I saying? Th< la•l
suggestion was that of Ella Flagg Young that a new word should be
creat<d lo fill this unquesliolled lacuna in the language. The word she
proposed was "his' r'' if I remember rightly, and I remember also thinking
that it was too lacking in euphony lo be genorally accepted. It is extremely difficult to force a word on a language; it has to make itself
seem desirable.
The other day, the editorial longue, in slurring rapidly over a "his or
her" involution, effected ~ " •~r" compromise that gave immediate relief to
both ear and tongue.
"No lady or gentl<man caught ip such a predicam<nt can fail to see
that in steering ser car into the Sidewalk there is a risk not only of
breaking ser neck but of having ser intentions misinterpreted hy the
casual passerby wh~ might imagine that the performance was undertahn
to r ser amusement.
What do you think of it, my fellow suff~rers?
Influences of Environment
(cont. from
e:l~)
the individual will become inured, or insane, or as sometimes
happens, is driven to suicide or death by careless, .,-icious and
idle tongues, so the community in which careless speech is
tolerated will gradually sink in the social and intellectual scale.
The spoken word may be a power and inspiration to
thousands. It may also be a pain and death-dealing shaft.
Knowing the possible effects of suggestion, we should at all
times endeavor to speak in a way that advances the social
good; and words should be rays of sunshine, rather than
thunderbolts. There ii as much healing in a doctor's smile
and reassurance as there is in his medicine. Mankind must
learn to tell unpleasant truth in pleasant words. · E~en rebuke
need not wither the soul of the speaker or the hearer.
(This department will at all times be pleased to advise the
sick and the suffering. Send stamps.)
I Need $10,000
TO ENLARGE MY RAPIDLY GROWING ·BUSINESS
My business is a standard, conservatively m~naged business.
It is growing so
rapidly that in order to keep up with the increased demand
I lnust have larger equipment throughout. This requires an
immediate outlay of capital.
There is every prospect that WITHIN FIVE YEARS IT WILL
BE THE lARGEST BUSINESS OF IT5 KIND IN THE UNITED
STATF.S. .
The product in one line has been multiplied by three in ri>e
last ten months; a newly established line has grown amazingly.
I have had to tum away a great deal of profitable business
because my equipment has been inadequate to handle this new
business.
I am a -Socialist. I want to borrow this capitai from
Socialists.
I CAN GIVE FIRST CLASS SECURITY.
I estimate that .$10,000 will equip a new plant completely.
The money will be used for this purpose.
I want to borrow it either in a lump sum or in smaller sums.
Have you a small sum you wish to invest where it will be
used by a comrade, and. where it will be well protected)
Write me for full details, and let me know what sum you will
loan if the security -is ·satisfactory to you.
·
Please address: John D. McGregor, care of Western Comrade,
Llano, California.
- Advertisement
It has been established about five years.
Photo Post Card Views of Llano
The WESTERN COMRADE has secured some mag·
nificent views of Llano and. her industries which have
been made up into postcards. Some of them have
· appeared iri the WESTERN COMRADE, but most of
them have just been taken especially for postcards.
Included in the list are:
View from hotel, looking south.Lime kiln (two)
Hotel, looking east
Football team
Pigs and pens
The damsite
Chickens and turkeys
Dairy barn
Mountain stream and canyon North section of Llano
Sawmill (different views)
Llano boulevard
Bird's eye . view of Llano
Swimming pool
Rabbitry (several views)
Bakery
Irrigation scene
Cannery
Livestock
Various Llano products.
Mountains
Cows
Woods
Industrial school
Industrial scenes
Montessori school
Alfalfa fields
Many other assorted cards.
The rate ii 5 cents each or 55 cents a dozen.
Every person interested in Llano should have a
dozen of these cards. Send your orders direct to
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
Telephone Home
A-4533
HARRIMAN & LEVIN
Attomey1 at Law
921 Hiuina Buildina
· ...
l'
�The Western
Page thirty
S
Law Book Free
llJDY LAW. and become the man of power in your community. The farmers of North · Dakota captured the State
Government, and · found thai they needed law-trained men in
office to fight the big interests which have their lawyers in the
Legislature to make their laws, and in the Courts to defend
and interpret them. There are opportunities awaiting YOU.
Gel ready for them-study Law at home in your spare time.
We prepare you for the Bar examination. Guarantee bonq. for
refund of money if dissatisfied. Degree of LL. B. conferred.
Hundreds of successful students enrolled. Fourteen-volume -Law
Library upon enrollment. Low cost-easy terms. Be inde'pendenl. Be a Leader. Write today for free law book-"Law and
the People."
THE PEOPLE'S COLLEGE, Dept. D,
FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.
Comrade
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household Goods
from all Eastern points
to Cali·fornja
Members of tloe Llano del Rio Colony will find it especially
advantareous to make their shipments through the
JUDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
443 Marquette bldg,
640 Old South bldg,
Boatmen's Bank bldg,
855 Monadnock bldg.
Chicago; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York;
Boston; 435 Oliver bldg, Pittsburg; 1537
St. Louis; 518 Central bldg, Los Angeles;
San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OFFICE.
\:\
J !
-·
Are You Getting Fat?
My system is sensible and produces results. Natural, and benef,cial to health. No drugs, no medicines. Those who have used
it are well pleased. Begin reducing NOW. Send $3.00 for my
$5.00 complete course of lrealmenls.
MRS. CECIL M. WILLIAMS, LLANO, CAL.
J
To Friends of the Llano Colony
Many misleading and untrue slalemenls are being circulated
about this Colony and its affairs.
·
We have just issued a leaHet signed by 130 residents and attested
by Notary public, concerning what we have.
We call on our friends lo send for as many leaHets as they can
distribute for ·us, or lo send the names of those to whom we may
mail them. Write at once.
Membership Department, Llano del Rio Colony.
Llano, California
Comrade Subscription and Book List
THE LLANO COLONIST; One Cent a Week, Fifty Cents a Year.
THE WESTERN COMRADE; Fifty Cents a Year, Six Months 25c.
After May 1; 7Sc a yeu, 40c six months, JOe a copy.
BOTH: Present rate, 7Sc a year; After May ], $1.00 a year.
CANADIAN RATES: LLANO COLONIST: 2c a week; $1.00 a year.
WESTERN COMRADE: 75c a year; After May I, $1.00 a year.
BOTH: $1.50 a year; After May I, $2.00 a year.
COMBINATION OFFERS
Choice of the LLANO COLONIST or the WESTERN COMRADE with
National Rip-Saw or American Socialisl............................. 75
Appeal lo Reason or lnternalion, ( Socialist Review........ $125
Pearson's Magazine or The · Masses................................ l.75
Milwaukee Leader (daily) ..................................................4.25
(Canadian subscribers add 25c for each monhly and SOc for uch
weekly in these combinations)
BUY YOUR BOOKS FROM THE WESTERN COMRADE
SO cent list:
$1.50 list:
Anarchism · and Socialism, Ceo. Plechanoff ; Art of Lecturinc, Arthur
M. Lewis ; Clan Strunles in America, A. M. Simons ; Doinc us
Good-and Plenty, Charles Edward Russell; Etlaics and tlae Materialist Conception of History, Karl Kautsky; Tlae Evolution of Man,
Wm. Boelsche; The Law of Bi'ocenesis, J. Howard Moore; Tile Positive Sclaool of Criminolocr. Ernest Ferri; Socialism for Students,
joseph E. Cohen ; Tlae Strunle between Science and Superstition,
Arthur M. Lewis;Value, Price and Profit, Karl Marx; Wlaat's So and
Wlaat Isn't, j ohn M. Work.
Ancient Society, Lewis H. Morgan ; Barbarous Mexico, ) ohn Kenneth
T umer; History of tho Great American Fortunes, Gustavus Myers;
The Visioninr, Susan Glaspell.
$1.00 list:
Principles of Scientific Socialism, Chas. H. Vail; The Commonsense
of Socialism, john Spargo.
Economic Determinism, or tile Economic Interpretation of HistorY,
Lida Parce; God and my Neiclabor, Robert Blat~ford; Industrial
Problem•, N. A. Richardson; Prince Hqeu, Upton Sinclair; Savace
Survivals in Hiclaer Peoples, J. Howard Moore; Stories of tile Great
Railroads, O.as. Edw. Russell ; Tlaoucilts of a Fool, Evelyn Gladys ;
Lon'• Coaainc of Ace, Edward Carpenter;
Abysmal Brate,
Jack London.
ne
$2.00 list:
The Ancient Lowly, C. Osborne Ward ; Capital, A Critique of Po·
litical Economy, Karl Marx (3 volumes, $6. Separately at $2 each)
25 cent list :
10 cent list :
The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels; Revolution, Jack London ; The flicilt to be Laxy, Paul Lafargue; Tile Socialists, Wilo
Tiley are and Wlaat tlaey Stand for, John Spargo; Tile Strenctil of
tile Stronc, Jack London.
THE WESTERN COMRADE, Llano, California
�The Western Com r ade
Get Your Local or Your
Union to Order
Job Harriman's address to the jury at th~ close of the Schmidt
1 al.
If you had read the evidence or had listened to the
trial you would not ask
Was Schmidt Guilty_?
because the evidence so overwhelmingly proves that he is not.
It is the story of the real conspiracy that sent Schmidt to
jail for life.
(Testimony from witnesses Clark, Dugan, and McManigal
was admitted.)
""Dugan! Who is Dugan? He is a self-confessed felon.
He was expelled from the Iron Workers Union. He is the
Dugan who shot and killed his wife and daughter in
Indianapolis."
"McManigal is a self-confessed murderer. The prison
doors were opened, this criminal McManigal shook off his
chains, w..lked out, was given $1000 by the County of
Los Angeles, and told to ge his way in peace."
Page thirty-OM
PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW FOR THE BIG SPECIAL
Anniver&ary Number
OF
It will be the May Issue and will be & history of the development of the biggest co-operative colony in the world. There
will be pictures showing progress, what has been done. '
IT WILL COST TEN CENTS A COPY beginning May first;
the rate goes up to 7Sc a year. We cannot longer afford to
give such value for the old price. Increasing costs make it
necessary to raise rates. Of course if you should subscribe
before 'VIay first it will be at the present rate of SOc.
REMEMBER THESE RATES :
Single copies, Anniversary number, JOe; Bundles of 10, Anniversary number, 7Sc ; Bundles of 20 or more at Sc a copy.
{Special rates to dealers.)
The rate for the LLANO COLONIST will remain at SOc a year.
Combination of both to one name and address, $1.00 a year.
Subscription cards sold prior to May I will be redeemed at
the present rate if used before july I.
Canadian rates will be $1.00 a year for either the COMRADE
or the COLONIST. Combination rates for the Llano Publications
will not be made outside the U. S.
Subscribe or extend your subscription at once. Url!e your
friends to do so. Contest workers should buy cards at once to
be used during the contest.
Every Unio- !~~an should learn how he may fare in the so-called
impartial courts. Any of them may get what Schmidt got.
CLASSIFIED ADS
' :;:.,•• ' Socialist who wants first hand evidence of capitalistcontrolled court proceedings should have this for propaganda.
Rates : 25c a line for one insertion; 15c a line thereafter. Twelve words
to the line. Advertising payable in advance.
Every Fair-Minded Person honestly seeking information and loving justice should read this tale of a dishonest conviction.
When Capitalism Desires a Conviction It Geh It. Read how it
con bt secured. The newspapers never told these things.
Why ? Did you know the real facts about this case? You'll
wonder if the McNamaras were really guilty and you'll wonder why they confessed.
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS AT ONCE .
Single Copies 25c. Quantity Rates to Locals and Unions.
TheWestern Comrade, Llano, Cal.
~ pend
a Cent a \Veek
This is the Snhscription Oller the LLANO COLONIST makes for a short time
If you ore interested in the LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY
take the subscription of the man who asks you · about it or who seems
interested.
Figure subscriptions at ONE CENT A WEEK. Thus, JOe pays for 10
weeks, 17c pays for 17 weeks, 25c for 25 weeks, 33c for 33 weeks.
The LLANO COLONIST gives the news of C\)·operatives everywhert,
and is devoted particularly to the LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. the greatest
and most complete co-operative enterprise in the United States.
THE LLANO COLONIST (Weekly); Fifty Cents a Year {Canada $1.00)
With the COMRADE. 75c a year. After May I. $1.00
HELP BOOST THE CIRCULATION TO 2S,OOO BY jULY I, 1917.
The Llano Publications, Llano, California.
WANTED-CAMERAS. THE WES-TERN COMRADE WOULD LIKE
to get a few good cameras of standard sizes for renting purposes.
WANTED- GAS ENGINES, 6 TO 12 H. P. STATE MODEL, DESIGN,
name, age, condition, and give full description. WESTERN COMRADE.
WANTED-SECOND-HAND MULTIGRAPH. GIVE YEAR AND MODEL.
Must be in first class condition ; will accept as payment on membership
fee. Membership Dept., Llano, Cal.
WANTED-OFFICE EQUIPMENT OF ALL KINDS ; DESKS. TYPEwriters, filing cabinets, and general equipment. Communicate with the
Western Comrade Office, Llano. California.
WANTED- TYPEWRITERS FOR THE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL Write
in care "f the Western Comrade.
SHEEP WANTED- THE. COLONY DESIRES TO OBTAIN SHEEP. ADdress communications to Frank L. Wright, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano. Cal.
WANTED-MOVING PICTURE PROJECTING MACHINE. COMMUNIcate with the Membership Department, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED- BUTCHER WITH ICE MACHINE FOR THE MEAT DEpartment. Communicate with the Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED-TWENTY FIVE LEGHORN ROOSTERS. MUST BE PURE
blood and first class stock. Will exchange pure bred white leghorn
roosters. Write to Geo. T. Pickett, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED-OLD INGRAIN AND BRUSSELS CARPETS. ALSO WHITE
and colored rags for rug material. Rug department, Llano del Rio Colony.
WANTED-TOOLS AND OTHER EQUIPMENT FOR THE INDUSTRIAL
training department at the junior Colony. Hammers, saws and carpenter
tools of all kinds, as well as tools and equipment for other trades.
Address George T. Pickett, Llano, California.
WANTED--EXPERT SEED AND BULB GROWER. SHOULD BE FAmiliar with California desert soil and climate. Llano del Rio Colony.
WANTED-ATHLETIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE GYMNASIUM JrO BE
installed at the junior Colony. Communicate with Geo. T. Pickett, Llano.
FOR SALE.- BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZF f\LANDS, AND
Flemisb Giantl. W.e can supply all ages up to eight month~- For further
information address Rabbit Department, Llano del Rio Col1ny, Llano, Cal,
�(
Daniel Booneearned a permanent place in American history because he was a fearless pioneer. He fought against
terrific odds. In the face of seeming insurmountable obstacles, he persevered. He had those sterling
American traits we admire most. When disappointments came that would have defeated the ordinary
man he fought on. His dauntless courage earned him the lasting 'gratitude of a nation.'
HAVE YOU COURAGE, STEADFASTNESS OF
P U R P 0 S E. P A TI E N C E. PERSISTENCE,
ABILITY, VISION, AND WILLINGNESS TO
CO-OPERATE?
t] It requires men and women of these characteristics to build Llano. It is not a place for idlers,
for those who seek the smoothest way, for those
who want ease and plenty, for those who expect
life to give them a pension.
t] Llano has no place for the whiner, the disgruntled, the fau lt-finder, the incompetent, the man
who can not s and on his own feet.
t] But Llano wants the man of VISION, of
ABILITY. of INITIATIVE, of PATIENCE, the
man who can meet obstacles with a smile, and
surmount the worst of them. Llano wants men
and women who are empire-builders, the strong
of heart and the indefatigable of purpose.
t] DOES THAT INCLUDE YOU?
t] The army of Co-operation is asking for
recruits. It is the army of peace, and Llano the
outpost of Progress. Will YOU volunteer? Have
you the ideal and the courage? Will you stand
with your comrades shoulder to shoulder and light
the good battle for Freedom?
t] Llano wants recruits. Are you ~dy to help
co-operate and to benefit by co-opera~on?
f
We Want ·the Names of Your Friends So We Can Send Them Our New Leaflet "Llano del Rio Colony A
Success"-Send For As Many As You Can Distribute.
SEND
FOR THE "GATEWAY TO FREEDOM"
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
LLANO. CALIFORNIA
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-03
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
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Art and Education Number
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-03
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n11_191703
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2018-08-01
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n11
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Llano -- Community of Ideals
The New State Executive by Walter Thomas Mills
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7ee4c6f45f0deeea23c2ada3a61a8e9b.pdf
8ef116662be9b265f6802bacbe773183
PDF Text
Text
..
I Social and Propaganda Number
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NYCi NY
at
Picketing the Ranches
The Story of the Rise of the Ranch Hands in
the Fruit Belt of Central California with Five
Nationalities being Formed into One Fighting
Group to Maintain Better Working Conditions
""IIIIIIUilltllllllllillilillllllllllllnliJIJIIIIIII""
Remaking the Party
In California
The Socialists of California Held a State Convention at Fresno, February 17-18-19, and
Adopted the· Most Revolutionary and BusinessLike Tactics Ever Incorporated Into Any
Socialist Party Program .
.,,,lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllln"•
Llano-a Social Success
Llano was Founded Partly for Social Advantages ; This Tells How Colonists Enjoy Them
....llllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll..,.
Editorials by Job Harriman
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By R o b e r t K. Wi I I i a m s
De~~ F~~~. ?i::r:~. Work
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February, 1917
Price
Five
Cents
a
Copy
�'The Gateway
To · Freedom
..
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is situated in
the beautiful Antelope valley in Los Angeles - County, California. The Colony lies close to the Sierra Madre range
where an abundance of clear, sparkling water f rom mountain
springs is sufficient to irrigate thousands of fertile acres. The
climate is mild and delightful, the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the
Colony has grown.
.
•
T
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM-
liE electric light bill, the water bill, the doctor's _StU, the drug
bill. the telephone bill, the gas bill, lhe coal bill, the dentist'•
bill. tl.e school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill.
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the householder. and the lean weeks caused by disemploymeni and the consequent fear of the future. There is no landlord and no rent '•
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and clothing. the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
the clothing bill. the laundry bill, the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he has no fear. The colony
officials attend to the details of all overhead. To colonists the
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the righ t to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the part of state
officials to interfere.
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
I
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inflexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the libNty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in tire Community alone.
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the Colony industries is in the hands of
the department managers. In each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position. At the department
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual. and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions. but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
meetmgs as many persons as can crowd en the room art: always
any in time of age or misfortune.
amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, en tertainments and all educational facilities are free.
T
present.
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
These meetings are held regularly and they are unique
in that no motions are ever made. no resolutions adopted and no
minutes aro kept. The last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these meetings the
work is discussed and planned, reports are given, teams allotted,
workers are shifted to the point where the needs are grt>atest,
and machinery is put on designated work, transportatio n is ;tr-
ranged, wants are made known and hUed as nearly as possible.
The board of directors, memb~rs of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise.
These directors are
on the >arne basis as all their comrades in the colony. At the
general assembly all persons over eighteen years of age. residing
in the colony. have a voice and vote.
M
NO CONSTITUTION OR BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to
get this information. they must secure a copy of a constitution and by -laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a "declaration of principles" which is
printed below. The management of the Colony rests with the
board of managers. a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of the enterprise are conducted by the board of directors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by -laws of almost every •tate. The only innovation is in
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of how many shares are held. As this is to be
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any other sum less than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be al-
lowed to pay a small arr.ou nt, or in some cases. nothing at all,
then enter the colony and w.,rk. out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis.
It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point The colony
must proceed along sound fina.ncial lines in ordN to continue its
present success. This fact must be obvious lo all. The manage-
ment of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unminclful
.,f the fact that there is a numberless army that cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say lo their stripped. rob-
bed and exploited b•others: "You who tome with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."'
'lhe installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and sisters on the
land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clothing. much of the material they draw. costs money.
The initial membership fee goes to offset the sup;><>rt of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
�Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and .join your comrades who have already borne the fint
brunt of pioneering.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his hein. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications . from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applica·
tions is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient to mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be looked after by the colony freightman
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot Le moved and stora.ge or demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
the station is by means of auto truck$. Passengers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are: printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop. lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, poultry yards, rabbitry, gardens, hog raislng. two stages, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, doctors' offices, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery. fish hatchery, barber shop. dairy goals, baths, swimming pool, studios, two hotels,
drafting ro<>ru, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commercial classes, library, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
' club, two orchestras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Fallowing is the plan which has proven successful: each shareholder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
in cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4, from which is deducted one dollar for
the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
ef the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover and resume payments. In no case will he be
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This is
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. In this we will
endeavor to assist wherever practicable. Corporations are ru: t
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
GENERAL INFORMATION
~l
Ill
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May lst. 1914,
and is solving the . problem of disemploymenl and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their families.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, was ever established before.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by providing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comfort for he future and for old age; to guarantee education fo·r the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid sur-
It has more. than 800 residents, makin:: it the largest town in the
Antelope Vall~y. Moe·, than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children gel meals at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Montessori school is in operation,
taking the children from 2Yz to 6 years of age. A new school
building is soon to be built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial schools are both in operation.
High school work is planned. In _the Industrial school botany, domestic science, languages, agricuture, biology, practical farming and
the regular grammar school subjects are taught by competent teachers. Manual training is already being taught; buildings are now qnder construction. The children care for a Rock of milk goals, chickens, turkeys, and many acres of garden. They are very successful.
They build their own buildings ; the girls learn sewing and cooking;
the children produce much of what they consume; portiom of their
clothing is made by the sewing classes; they have their own horses,
wagons and farm implements; they own pigs and a number of pets.
Besides learning co-operation and developing a sense of responsibility, they enjoy acquiring, an education under these conditions.
They plan to go extensively into the raising of chickens and
turkeys during the coming year.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 12S Jersey and Holstein cattle,
more than II 0 of which will soon be in t.'te milk str>ing. More than
I 00 head of young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up to 2 years of age. Over 100 head of horses and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the tractor
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
hauling and the work on the land.
Thoroughbred Duroc Jersey and Berkshire pigs, as well as many
grades, are in the extensive new pens just built. Pure strains will
be developed and registrations kept up.
In the nursery are thousands of grape cuttings and shade and
fruit trees. Many will be planted this year. About 400 acres of
orchard are now in.
Community gardening is successful, and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and experienced men in charge of the different departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department expects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and has a well equipped sawmill. Lumber worth $3S to $40 a thousand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful, baseball and football learns, dances, picnics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, several orchestras. a dramatic ' club. and other organizations assist . in
making the social occasions enjoyable.
Alfalfa does extraordina rily well at Llano. Much h~s been planted and the acreage will be inco eased as rapidly as possible. Six
good cuttings a season can be depended on. Ditches lined with
cobblestone set in Llano lime, making them permanent, conserve
water and insure economy. They will be built as fast as possibie.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. With the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on · the
new site. It will be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively differen t a rchitecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modeTJI. and
harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater p rivacy
than any other houses ever constructed. They are unique and designed especially for Llano.
The Weekly newspaper, THE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news
of the world. of the Socialist and Labor movement in condensed
form. It carries the Colony news, etc.. The subscription rate is
SOc a year (Canada, $ 1.00). The WESTERN COMRADE is tho
Colony's illustrated monthly magazine with articles of general interes! and pictures of Colony life and development. The rate is
now SOc a year. After Ma,. 1, 1917, the ra te will be 7Sc a year,
IOc a copy. Present combination rate for BOTH is 7Sc a year,
~l : : =ro~u~n:;d:;i~n~g:;s:;Uano
be~t:;le~r~th:;a~n~c:.a;~n~be~del
~fo:;~un~d: =i~n;Rio
~th=e=·~c~o=m=pe~tCompany,
=it~iv~e: =w~o~r=ld:;.~: =~: =a~n=d: =a~ft=e:Llano,
r~M=a=y~l=s=t,~$=1.~0 ~=a~y~eCalifornia
:;a~r: =(~F~o=re=i=g~n: =po~sl=a=g~e~e=x=t~r~a)=.~= ~: =~
ADDRESS All COMMUNICATIONS AND MAKE All PAYMENTS TO THE
�-
February Issue
Nibeteen Seventeen
Table of Contents
Page
Pa.ge
Education for Freedom............................................ l8
Cover Page
Typical Hindoo laboror now on strike -..;rh the Agricultural Union.
By Wesley Zornes. Education must change lo comply
with modern requirements. An idea of what is required.
Editorials ······---------------'-----------------------------,-------····--- 5
The Socialist City...................................................... l9
By A. CoRslance Austin.
instructive series.
By job Harriman.
Llano-A Social Success _____ _____ __________ --------------------· 8
Robert. K. Williams tells how the social features of Llano
are its most significant aspect.
Picketing the Ranches ____ _______ ________ ______________ _____________ IO
The story o f the rise of the humblest and rnosl defenseless of workers and how he is beginning lo feel his
powe r throu gh organization.
"Measures First" in California _________ ____ ____________ _________ l2
A discus.ion of the legislation which the reorganized and
now tho roughly radical Socialist Party of California is Ia
agitate during the next campaign.
Remaking the Party in California
_________________ 14
The Socialist Pa rty in California once led the Socialist
procession. It was the first to feel the decay due lo its
own follies. and is now leading in finding the way out.
Deep Sea Diver Tells of Undersea Work _______ _____ __ ___ _l6
Frank A. Davis, of Hawaii, member of the Llano del
Rio Colony, tells how it feels Ia wo rk under the waves.
Another in this interesting and
The Spirit of Llano..................................................20
Dr. john Dequer discusoes another phase of heahhenviromnent.
A Woman's Appreciation of Llano..........................21
Laila Culbertson Jarvis visits Llano- then tells about it .
The Adoption of Gray Eyes......................................22 ·
Another charming story by Helen Frances Easley.
Nettles for Politicians...............................................25
By Clinton Bancroft.
Shall We Do Something Different? .......... .
______ -25
By A. E. Briggs.
The New Day...........................................................25
By Edmund R. Brumbaugh
What Thinkers Think __________ ____ ___ ______ _______________ _________26
Taken from the leading magazine articles of January.
Reviews of Recent Radical Books............................27
News of the Circulation Contest
FIRST PRIZE
$1000 Membership in the
Llano del Rio Colony
SECOND PRIZE
$500 worth of Llano Stock
THIRD PRIZE
$200 worth of Llano Stock
FOURTH PRIZE
$100 worth of Llano Stock
NEXT FOUR PRIZES
Eacn $50 in Llano Stock
OVER 25 SUBS
Your Choice of a Variety of
Llano Products
15 TO 25 SUBS
A Henry Dubb Statuette and
a copy of "Was Sehmidt
Guilty?"
10 TO 15 SUBS
A Henry DBbh Statuette
AN ADVERTISING CONTESTANT
" Your letter received, and glad Ia hear you
will furnish me with literature. Anything you
send will be used to good advantage.
"The twenty-first of this month the worke rs
institute has a masquerade and I will dress up
as a Henry Dubb just in ord<r to draw allen·
tion and gel subscribers.
"There are many things I would like Ia do,
but Wilson prosperity hasn't come my way yet.
Well, by the lime the contest closes the Chieago
Socialists will know that there is a co-operative
eHorl iu a little plaee eaUed Uano, because I am
going to spread the news, and I am going lo win,
and if I don' t it won't be my fault, and anything
you do for me will be for the eause of co-opera lion and Sociahsm,
Yours far sueees•. C. C.. ill•."
"Comrade Sandner, wiuuer of the speeial prize
for january, sends in more subs and •ays: "Re-
cei¥ed my rug 0 . K.
raoe by this time?
Thanls. . . How is the
• . They'U have to go
some lo beat yours truly, l.elievc me. Enclosed
lind postal o rder for subscriptions. I am .g lad I
enrolled in the Contest.""
INTERESTS OTHERS
" I have read one of your weekly an__d one of
your monthly pape rs and have passed them roun_d
among my brother workmen, and they have found
them interesting and want lo gel more acqu.aint.,d
with your Colon) through your publications and
a re here with sul>scribing fo r ~ame. Enclosed f1nd
$3.00 f.,r subscriptions. j . N. F. Lowa."
]. W. Berg. enrolling in the eon lest, ,writes :
visited the (,olony l.a sl week, and I was very
mueh plea<ed with the way things ar~ going tb.ere.
I have received my first paper and I like it ver-y
mueh. .
''I h a ve decided to h«.ome a booster for the
paper•. 1 don't expeel · to sd.l v~y many a_s I am
not acquainted around b._ere, b.u..l l'U l!y. So plea_oe
send me information rega.rding pr~c.e;~ of both
tne COMRADE and the COLONIST."
"I
�Co-operation
Political Action
Direct
Action
The Western Comrade
Devoted
to tloe
Cause
of
tloe
Workers
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916, at "the post office at Llano, California, under Act of March 3, 1879.
PUBLISHED EAGI MONlH AT UANO. CALIFORNIA.
SUBSCRIPTION RATE, SOc a Year; Canada, 7Sc; After May 1st, 75c a year; Canada $1.00; Single Copies
_:_ IOc.
_
STAFF
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE
ERNEST S. WOOSTER
~7
Managing Editor.
Editor.
Business Manager
_____ _
Contributing Editors
ROBERT K. WilLIAMS
A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
MILDRED G. BUXTON
DR. JOHN DEQUER
CLINTON BANCROFT
WESLEY ZORNES
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
VOL. IV
No. 10
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, FEBRUARY, 1917
Ed
•
I
t
0
r
•
I
a I s
T
HE program of the Socialist Party of
it been taken fifteen years ago our vote
By Job Harriman
California is being copied far and wide.
would have numbered in the millions. But
our party has assumed the guardianship of
Most of the reprints, however, miss the real
point. In the "Milwaukee Leader" the following statement the workers' political interests. The intellectuals have had
from the pen of C. B. Randolph is found: "I have been strong- more confidence in their own wisdom ( ?) than in the logical
ly opposed to the non-partisan movement and can yet string sequence of economic events. We have made a religion of
out arguments against it by the yard, but I find that I can our philosophy instead of a working hypothesis. We have
been marching to the beating
string out an equal number of
of our drums and tambourines
yards against ourselves."
PROGRAM OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF CALIFORNIA
rather than lugging stones
We have not, and do not
(Adopted at the State Convention held at Fresno, Feb. 17-19)
and carrying water.
urge non-partisan action, but
I. State ownership and management of the water power and
If our philosophy ts true
we do urge action by the Sotelephone systems of this state.
let us begin to put it into
cialists of this country.
2. Packing houses, cold storage plants, Hour mills, and granaries
practice.
to be built, owned, and operated at cost by the stale at all
Not only do we urge action
practicable points.
Let us use the powers we
but we are positive that the
3. State-wide freight and panenger .automobile service to be
have that we may gain more.
owned and operated by the stale at cost.
Socialist Party must be vitally
4. Freight and passenger steamship line plying between both
Harvests must be gathered
connected with the labor unihome and foreign ports, to be owned and operated by the
else the grain will rot and
state at cost.
ons, farmers' organizations,
S. State to market all products at cost to producers.
we will starve.
and the co-operative enter6. Single tax.
-o7. Migratory voting law permitting the casting of ballets at any
prises of this country. They
point the voter may be on election day.
are opening up the fountains
ILIT_ARISM is t~e ~ipe
8. Proportional representation and social insurance.
frmt of i:apttahsm.
of life for the workers of the
Every capitalist insists upon
land. It is they who are doing the real work. We . are only talking. We must not only running his business. Every c:-.pitalist government insists upon
permit them to fight polilically but we must get out of their running its business.
Democracy under capitalism? A fiery furnace under ice?
way that they may fight without restraint.
And yet there are those who think universal military trainIt is not they who should help us but it is we who should
ing is a democratic institution. Under this impulse millions
help them politically.
of people are now attending great mass meetings, shouting and
This has been our stand for many years.
The New York "Call" is the first Socialist paper to setze clamoring for universal military training. Little they know
that they are traveling the death road to the trenches.
upon the vital point in this agitation.
They are rolling the stone back from the tomb that their
The editor refer~ to a few of us as pioneers in the move
to open the doors of the Socialist Party to the labor organiza- sons may enter. When the tomb closes it will end all for them.
tions. This move on our part dates back to, about 1900. just No angel will roll it back and call them forth. No three days
who was first to start the move cannot be said. During all resurrection will awake them from their sleep. They will sleep
those years we have gradually gaineed ground until finally the the sleep that knows no waking.
They will have fought for slavery, bled for slavery, died for
State of California has taken the bold and necessary step.
This step is necessary to the life of the Socialist Party. Had slavery, and the children of the warbrides may wear the chains,
M
�Edotoriah
Pa~ •ix
W
The
We~tern
Cc:unrade:
AD the cells of our bodies thus made become:. as it were,
a reservoir from which our actions spring, and br which
our impulses are largely determined.' These actions a.nd impulses return pure and sweet, or polluted and vicious, according as the blood was purified or polluted by our prevailing
conscious ideas while the cells were building and the habits
we~e forming.
The cells thu$ built are character. They are our life.
They live and we move and act by impulse and habit as
the character and quality of the cells prompt.
Our present industrial and commercial system is so ordered
that each man must compete or struggle against the other
for the economic advantage after which they are striving.
The prize for which they are all struggling is defined as
profits. The successful man, in whatever avenue, expects
a net return over and above a reasonable salary and interest
upon his investment. This net return is the prize he gels
without rendering an economic equivalent.
It is something for nothing.
Something for nothing is the highway to hell. This highway is paved with lies, fraud, graft and theft, murder and
every dishonorable and corrupting influence. Something for
nothing is the premium set by our industrial and fOmmercial
system
which induces such acts. By this premium we cause
-·----0-HARACTER building has been reduced to a science by a continuous warring vicious state of mind that constantly
means of the microscope. It has been disclosed that corrupts the blood and thereby depraves the character.
-oevery action of the mind results in a corresponding chemical
HE national character of every people is a composite of
action that effects the blood. When the mother experiences
all the individual characters developed under their instieither great anger or fright, the baby nursing immediately
thereafter seriously suffers from poisoned milk. But the baby tutions. The individual as well as the composite character
never suffers from nursing the milk of a joyous mother how- is in harmony with the institutions under whose influence they
are evolved. Whenever the theory and principles of the preever intense the joy may have been.
The blood is purified by the one class of ideas and polluted vailing institutions afford an opportunity of acquiring power
without rendering equal power in return they necessarily inby the other.
Whoever has experienced intense anger or fear or indulged duce any state of mind or any act that becomes necessary
in similar feelings of hatred or reve~ge, knows what terrible to attain that power, whether that act be private or public
headaches, derangements of the stomach and feelings of in nature.
depression follow closely in their wake. Likewise is this true
It is for this reason that the European war which was born
of the intense ideas governing all the passions.
out of a struggle for the profits to be gained by controlling
But the feelings of love, honor, friendship, joy, purity, char- the world's commerce, found millions of soldiers willing to
ity, and the like, however intense, leave the mind exuberant. lay down their lives for such commercial supremacy. They
Thus, every experience that enters our mind through our had individually struggled for industrial or commercial adfive senses, passes through a state of ideas or feelings that vantage and they accordingly believed in the national struggle
result in chemically purifying or polluting the blood which in for commercial advantage.
turn builds the cells of the body out of the materials it
As a result of this possible commercial advantage 20,000,.000 men have been killed, wounded or lost, $75,000,000,000
carnes.
Those experiences that come, tarry awhile, like a bird in in cash have .been expended, about $100,000,000,000 of pro-the cage, and flit away, are soon forgotten. They cannot perty has been destroyed, and yet this 1 composite national
injure or aid us much.
character continues without a shudder to pour its men, money
But those that return time after time and dwell m our and property into this whirlpool of blood and despair. The
conscious thought until they are finally woven into cells, great factories in all countries exhibit a similar brutality, esbecome the very woof of our lives.
pecially in child labor, in times of peace.
Thereafter we are oblivious to their return, for they have
The necessity for greater efficiency is compe1ling each war,
passed from the fidd of conscious action into the realm of ring nation to take over the industries capable of ministering
habit. In this respect we hav~ become automatic.
to the public welfare. The ever pressing demand for greater
HEN bread is unnecessarily scarce patience ceases to be
a virtue. Bread riots are inevitable in the face of
starvation.
If our high officials were to pay less attention to the
violations of international law by one belligerent. and more
attention to embargo laws that would .prevent our feeding
the other belligerent, we would not only have no food riots,
but we would not become entangled in the war beyond the seas.
We have shipped many hundreds of millions of dollars
worth of food stuff to Europe during the last year to feed
the men that they might murder each other.
Now starvation is driving o.u r people to kill _each other
for food.
In the face of this terrible fact Congress has ~been asked
to appropriate $400,000 for a slush fqnd to investigate the
cause of high prices.
Will the people never wake up?
This age in not interested jn the preservation of human
life but in the accumulation of cash. Cash is accumulated
at the expense of life. Cash first and life second. This is
the thought of the age in times of war and peace, at the
bartering counter and at the mourners' bench.
This is hell's harvest season.
•
C
T
�The Weolern Comrade
Ed ito rials
efficiency WJ11 become the world urge after the war is over.
The public ownership of the industries will necessarily eliminate the profit system and with it will go the possibility of
great fortunes.
Nevertheless, men will still crave power. But the power
now gained by taking something for nothing will then be
gained by rendering superior public service. Ambition to
conquer one's enemies and to crush them by superior economic
power will be substituted by an aspiration to render a genuine
and helpful public service. Now, the public character is exemplified by a Morgan; then, the love of a Lincoln will inspire
the heart and shine in the public eye.
The ambition to take power from others will pass away.
The aspiration to help others will take its place.
This transformation in private and public character will
follow fast upon the heels of that common interest that is
inherent in the public ownership of the industries.
When men are bound together by mutual interests they
will learn to love one another. All theJT experiences will be
purified by the spirit of mutual interest and affection until
the!r li ves will be so changed that wars will cease and the oil
of humau kindness will spread over the troubled waters.
T
--0--
HE Llano physicians receive the same pay as all the other
colonists. They are paid by. the Colony and not by the
patient. It is to their interest to keep their patients well.
But a stronger psychology among some IS manifesting itself. A certain indifference is born of the fact that pills
cost nothing.
They seem to forget that health is more easily preserved
than acqu ired .
The cry for health is too often the voice from the tomb.
They will soon discover that health does not spring from
pills but from an unpolluted fountain of life. With this realization will come in Llano the finest specimens of health
and physique that are known in any land.
T
---o--
HE tide in the affairs of the Socialist Party has turned
for the better in the Fresno convention. If the plan of action laid down by that convention is adopted by the party, the
doors \~ill be opened to the econamic organizations of th-.:
working clas . The hhor unions, the farmers' organizations,
and the co-operative · enterpri es will s;radually move into
the p.uly and it w1ll beco•ne ·{italized with their tremendous
power and energy. For the first time in the history of the
ciali t Party in the • 'nito!d States, the Socialists in conention assembled h'!.Ve shewn t_itat they were no longer
afraid of the organized portion of the working class; that
they are not afraid that tht; working class will cease to work
for their intt>rest~ e\·en if they have joined the Socialist Party.
These o~anization . from time immemorial, have \\-urked for
their interes~ and nothing can permanently divert them from
their COl.l~e.
On the other hand there \\:ere those in the convention who
dewutly believe that Socialism is not at all concerned with the
class struggle. They believe Socialism is a matter of ethics.
Again there were those present who had brooded over the
theory of the class struggle so long that they h d mad a.
religion of their abstractions and could do nothing but chant
the clause,s of the class struggle over every proposition th t
was presented.
Fortunately, however, there were enough of those who had ·
dealt sufficiently with the affairs of the world to keep their
judgments balanced and to enable them to see that, if there
is a class struggle it is because there IS A CLASS STRUGGLE
and not because there is a phrase or clause stating the fact.
They saw that literature did not make the struggle, but that
the struggle made literature. They therefore brushed asid
the literature and all previous precedents, and opened the doors
of the party to the organizations of those engaged in th
struggle, with absolute confidence that the struggle would still
go on with the same determination and with greater efficiency.
Not only did this convention open the doors of the party
to the workers and their organizations but they provided a
practical program in which they are all interested and for
which they can all work. The program suggested by Llano
was adopted without a change. To it was added the proposed
Single tax law together with a few other propositions. These
proposed laws will be drafted and the work of gathering signatures for the purpose of initiating them will at once proceed.
The task is herculean. But if the economic organizations
of the working class unite in the Socialist Party the task will
be easily performed, and a working class party in fact will
be born and possessed of power to peaceably transform our
capitalist state into an industrial democracy.
Let every Socialist buckle on his armor and renew his hope
and determination to bring the economic organizations into
the party and to submit the proposed measures to a popular
vote of the citizens of the state of California.
Fear not the results. The people of this state know well
what they want. Let us give them an opportunity to vote,
and they will cast these burdens to the winds.
T
--o--
HE day following Germany's peace proposal England add-
ed one million more men and two billion dollars to her
war force.
When the allies turned a deaf ear to peace, Germany de-dared a relentless submarine war policy on all the world, and
the United States broke off diplomatic relations.
Question- Shall we have peace?
There is no question - but it will be the peace that reigned
at Warsaw.
Would that such peace might reign among the power& of
government instead of among the people.
jaoob Loeb of the Chicago school board i1 urging military
drill in schools.
What a change would come over his heart if be could
hear the Prince of Peace, of his own race. crying ..Suffer
little children to come unto me, for of such is the kingdom
of heaven."
�Tbe Wes,teu, C<uxuade
Page eight
Llano-A Soc· al Succ.e ss
''T
scene does my heart good," said a new arrival
1 ----~ HIS
who has a large family, refer~ to the children's
Thursday night dance. "Do you know," he said,
"I have never danced in all my life-never had the
opportunity. My children almost grown to manhood and
womanhood have never danced--never had the opportunity.
Really," he continued, "if Llano never offers or gives me more
than the pleasure of attending these dances I shall feel repaid
for all the effort I have made to become a member .of this
Colony."
This man echoes the sentiment of hundreds of people who
have come to Llano. On Thursday night we have dances for
the young people. On this evening the learner is 1ree to try
and if he has the hardihood to br<jve what he thinks is everybody's eyes, he soon will become a proficient dancer. And
think, not a cent is paid for the privilege of dancing in Llano.
Not long ago, a group of us went to Palmdale and gave a
concert. Comrade T urnwall's orchestra furnished the music.
A crowd had collected to hear the concert and enjoy the dance.
The night was cold. It was much nicer inside the building
than outside, yet quite a number stood on the outside and
listened because they could not afford to come in. I contrasted this situation with the conditions which prevail in
Llano. Every one who cares may come to our concerts
and dances.
On Saturday night we have a grown-up folks dance. However the younger set is not barred. A splendid time is always
enjoyed. Early in the evening, even before the supper tables
are cleared and the floor swept, the dancers and spectators
begin to arrive. Colonists collect together just as naturally as
bees hive. There is no thought of doing anything else. The
dance is on, hence they come. Please take a look at dance
halls in the outside world. People there do not just naturally
gravitate to the dance floor. No, the price ranges from $1.00
to $1.50- and a dollar fifty will buy almost eight pounds
of onions.
You girls and boys and older people who have never
danced, will find here an opportunity to exercise your dormant
desires and it will not cost you a cent either.
By the way, recent quotations of vegetables are mounting
and every indication points to still higher prices. The cost of
everything else is advancing, too. Wages in many instances
are going up, but more slowly. Wages will never overtake the
cost of living. It is so arranged that a bare living is obtainable
with no amusements on the side. It is a brave household that
can spend fifty cents a week for amusements these days.
These questions do not worry or agitate the householder in
Llano. Our amusements are free and the cost of vegetables
that we consume enters very lightly in our calculations.
A six to sixteen piece orchestra furnish music for the dances.
This orchestra is composed of men and women who work at
other things during the week and practice together. W. A.
Engle has taken charge of the orchestra recently and great inI
terest is manifested by all the members. And the music!
don't know much about music, but it pleases me and a lot of
others. As time goes on the orchestra will get better. It
can't help it. Anyone contemplating coming to the Colony and
having musical instruments should bring them and line themselves up with the musical group. It is safe to say that no
such musical treat can be enjoyed anywhere in the nation on
the same terms. I believe the opportunity is greater to learn
here than anywhere in the country, because the bugaboo of
I
By Robert K. Willia
s
rent and overhead charges do not engage your attention. The
worry over this one thing alone is not inconsiderable, even
len miles from Llano.
This number of the magazine is to be devoted more or less
to the social · side of Llano. The other day I took a long trip
over the great plains below us. There were several in the car.
We were looking over the feed possibilities for range stock,
which by the way we found in abundance. It was really pitiful to see here and there little shacks, tents and unpretentious
homes nestled among the creosote bushes and the waving sage.
People lived in them, or in many of them. Bare spots showed
evidence of clearing and beyond this, in most instances,
there was no other improvement. Those in the car shuddered
to think of the loneliness of such a life. The inhabitants of
these places worked early and late and then went back to the
quietude of their rooms and read or listened to the lonely wail
of the wind or the piercing cry of the prowling coyote. This,
too, to be continued for years, or until the claims were proved
up. And then what? After it is deeded land the social life is
absent. It does not seem to me that the advantages of owning
a home on the lonesome desert below could ever compensate
for the loss of social advantages.
All there is in life anyway is the relation you sustain to your
associates. To immure yourself off in some out-of-the-way
place and face hardships alone seems hopeless to me. There
are many who can do it, but we note the avidity with which
they absorb pleasures when brought to them.
Llano has all the advantages of the ranch and none of the
social hardships. When the commission left Washington to
investigate why people were living or not living, a few year:;
ago, it found that the isolated denizens were·, as a rule,
ignorant and fatalistic to a harmful degree. One of the recommendations of this high-priced commission was to urge these
people to get together and exchange ideas as well as goods.
On Sunday night a regular vaudeville is staged. The stage
is not the handsomest thing in the world, nor is the hall a good
place in which to sing or speak. The acoustics are poor. But.
it is astonishing how well the performers "put it across." The
programs consist of readings, orchestral numbers, other music,
511ch as the mandolins, guitars, harp, horns, e"tc. Songs, interspersed with talks on interesting subjects fill the evening.
Recently the program was printed and as soon as the items
can be arranged in time, programs will be printed regularly.
There is much musical talent in the Colony- an astonishingly large amount. Comrad'! Banbury is succeeding in or•
ganizing the singers. All new people who come to us arc
asked to join his glee club. The chorus, which he conducts
tries to have a number for each Sunday night. It is the in·
tention to arrange a series of evenings, such as Scotch, Irish,
etc., when only items representing the various nationalities will
be put on.
Llano people are exceeedingly busy. There are not enough
nights in the week to do the things that seem necessary to do.
It will not be long before a number of good plays will be produced. Several of the dramatic people are working hard to
perfect their parts.
Where else can one find opportunities to do this free of
cost and without the fear of losing money by neglecti~ something else? There are lots of people I know who are not at all
interested in this sort of thing and deplore it. But I am $afe
in saying all those who are interested in social betterment.
music of any description, dramatics or what not may find an
�The Western Comrade
Page njne
opportunity to express themselves here. And ·it is the oppor- who wish \o meet together for purpo.-;es of a religious nature.
But the social life is not to be thus definitely marked by
tunity I am talking about. The man whom we quoted at the
head of this article lost much of life's joy because he did not functions alone. The number of parties and dances ·is not
have the opportunity. I am telling you we have the oppor- the only social life. Social intercourse is a constant joy.
tunity in Llano to do the things you have always wanted to Everyone speaks to everyone else. There are no strangers.
do, if you will only so arrange your time and work to niake it All meet at the commissazy. All fare alike. The creamery
where they come for milk is a social institution inasmuch as
possible.
The opportunity to do things and learn things is yours if the women meet there and talk.
you will but embrace the opportunity. One of the chief comOne of the newer features is the Women's Auxiliary, recently
plaints here, in this regard, is that the days are too short and organized and which held a brilliant reception not long since.
not enough in the week to fulfill the social obligations or attend It was a success in every respect and brought together the
women who had recently come to the Colony, as it was inthe improvement classes.
We have assemblies once a month. Everyone big enough to tended to do. Music was rendered and refreshments provided.
Perhaps this description of social life should take in the
be interested in anything comes the same as to other functions.
Much information is gleaned from these assemblies. An op- social service that Llano as a community renders to her citiportunity is here afforded for the free expression of opinion. zens. There is, for instance, the system by which provisions, ·
F ref! speech is the rule. Now
if anyone studies up a subject
for a month and wants the
opportunity of telling us what
he knows. as long as it is
pertinent he surely has the
opportunity of ma king himself heard. In very few towns
indeed is such a thing possible.
After one is htre for awhile
he forgets contrasting conditions. We are creatures of
habit and it is so easy to accept things as our due. We
enjoy assemblies, parties, musicals, dances and what not
and give little thought to the
conditions making it possible.
Llano offers more intellectual
advantages a n d divertisements, free of cost, than anywhere I can think of. The
opportunity is here if one is
Membe rs of the Llano Rod and Gun Club Return. with Something to Show for Their Marksmanship.
willing to embrace it.
Rabbits Abound in the Antelope Valley.
L I a n o has a wealth of
social features and her social
institutions are becoming well established. The Llano Rod milk, wood, etc., are distributed. Nowhere else in the world
and Gun club has been organized by the fishing and hunting are supplies handled as they are here. The wood yard is, of
course, a municipal institution and the wood is hauled to the
enthusiasts. It has a large and growing membership.
The newly formed Llano club, with a charter membership homes of the residents, having first been cut into suitable
that ran up to more than !50 members, all of whom are high- lengths in the wood yard. The milk is brought from the dairy
ly enthusiastic, promises to take the lead in civic and social to the creamery for distribution. Vegetables, meat, groceries,
etc., pass through the commissary.
affairs.
The band has long been organized and much is expected
The social life of Llano is tangible in its most beautiful
of it in the near future. · The Llano del Rio Colony stands aspects. Her Socialist Local is an eloquent example of Llano'~
ready at all times to donate the use of its band and other desire to make everything a social pleasure. The Llano Local
musicians to the good of the Socialist cause in campaigns, is the lci.rgest in California, having over 300 members. At a
during encampments or whenever they can be made useful for recent meeting held just prior to the Convention at Fresno,
there was not one word of dissension or argument. The eleven
Socialism.
The children control their own dance. They have elected piece orchestra which rendered several pieces was made up of
their director. It is an impressive sight, and one that the members of the Local, as also were those who rendered songs.
visitor never forgets, to see the little tots of six or eight years Llano Socialists are keenly interested in the Socialist moveof age, boys and girls dancing together without bashfulness, ment, just as they always have been.
learning ease of deportment, manners, grace, and enjoying
Social life -Llano offers it to her citizens as does no other
community in the · world. Those who seek the real things of
.
themselves hugely.
Of course there are private parties and gatherings. The life, those who will work and co-operate, those who will do
social life of Llano is one of the biggest features of co-opera- their part, those who would live the more pleasant life-they
tive endeavor. Llano permits religious meetings, just as other can all find what they want in Llano, and with the growth of
meetings are held, and a meeting place is provided for any Llano will come the realization of more of our dreams.
�!he Western Comrade
Page ten
Picketing the· Ranches
•
HERE was a mild flurry of excitement in the Raisin might be a hopeless task to attempt to get them together.
Belt of Central California whel) the Italian vine
But in this emergency the American Federation of Labor
pruners went on strike in January. It became more in the person of L. Keller came on the scene. Keller is a
than a ripple of interest when the strikers were re- veteran in the Socialist and labor movements. He is German,
slow, unexcitable. He knows organization. He went into
inforced by the Japanese, and finally by the Armenians.
later by the Japanese, and finally by the Armenians.
·
the fight with Pagano, the leader of the Italians. He showed
Nine-tenths of the raisins of North America come from the him how to organize the Italians, how they must form the
exact center of California. Fresno is the raisin capital; about others into one solid union.
Getting the Germans and Italians into one union might
it Madera, Fresno, Tulare, Kings and a segment of Kern
counties, produce raisins, thousands of tons of them. It is seem to be attempting the impossible in these days when old
a marvelous fruit country, grapes, peaches, figs, apricots being race prejudices have been brought to the surface by interthe principal crops. Since the hard times of 1896 ' the wage national war; getting the Armenian, smarting under the wrongs
scale has been low. So long have low wages and lpng hours of the Turks, ally of the Germans, into the same union would
gone together that the combination has become tradit:ional, one seem flying in the face of providence; adding the sons of
might almost say historic, a condition certainly reverenced by Nippon, distrustful and doubting, to this polyglot union would
the growers. A dollar and a quarter a day for twelve hours a rouse the derision of a student of race hatreds; capping it
has seemed the ;atisfactory scale to the growers; the humble all with an organization of the peaceful, unagressive, yielding,
misunderstood, friendless Hindoo, slave of caste, with his head
wo rker has had little to say. For the most part he is a
bound in the caste-betokening turban
migra tor; he drifts with the seasons,
of his religion, would seem to be reachirresponsible, without ambition, uning for the obviously unattainable.
st irred by social awakening. •
But the unattainable was attained.
Fruit growing is a serious business
URBANED Hindoos, squat
The Italians and Germans formed
in the San Joaquin valley. It reJapanese, swart Italians,
into one union so strong that it was
quires tremendous quantities of shortphlegmatic German-Russians and
with difficulty that the advantages of
seaso n labor at small wages. The
Turk- oppressed Armenians, the
sepa ra te union s were made apparent
fruit season past, these laborers be"cheap labor" of the fruit disto them. "We no wanta leave the
come tramps and vagabonds. There
trict of Central California have
German boys," said the Italians. Once
is nothing else for them; there can be
banded together for better wages
the racial distrust was disarmed and
nothing else under the present system
and shorter hours.
the necessity of union shown, they
of labor distribution, or lack of it.
Already they have secured
stood firmly together.
Years ago most of the labor was
25c an hour; for years the esThe Hindoos, under their leader,
white labor. The wage scale was
tablished wage scale has stood
Na inan Singh, refused to work. "We
about the same, but in those days a
at $1 .25 a day. United action
all come F regno; only work for two
dollar and a quarter with no board to
has gained this for the most exdollar and half eight hour," explained
pay would purchase something. In
ploited of all workers.
Nainan Singh.
California there is no such thing as
"lodging." A characteristic story halThe J aps were less tractable, being
lowed by frequent re-telling is that of
under the domination of shifty Japana young Easterner, new to the ways of
ese merchants who did the translating.
California, who asked at night where he was to sleep. and who later stood with the growers and helped organize
"Sleep?" queried the astonished ranchman,. "sleep? There's the Valley Fruit Growers' Association. But the Japanese
two thousand acres in this ranch. If that ain't room enough, workers quit work. One of the American leaders was asked
why kick a board off the fence and let your feet hang out- how this was accomplished. "Militant inducement," was his
side." The ranch worker provides his own blankets; he sleeps laconic reply.
wherever he chooses, which is not such a hardship in the
Picketing en Masse
summer after all, in warm, rainless Central California.
After the Italian vine and tree pruners had struck for an
But the white man has become less and less a factor. On
a ranch in Kings county a few years ago, ten American men eight hour day and $2.50 in wages in these piping times of
and ten Sicilians were employed. The Sicilians ate little but peace and prosperity, the growers immediately sought other
macaroni and rice ; the Americans demanded better fare. Un- avenues of cheap labor. They tried the German-Russians.
satisfied with the food, the Americans quit one morning. The These people have a whole section of the city of Fresno 10
Italians remained. More Italians were procured. But even themselves; it is locally known as "Russian-town." Like
these were not cheap enough; raisin prices dropped; less the Italians in "Dago-town," many of them own their own
must be paid for labor. The Italians were discharged and homes. They are citizens of Fresno and property owners.
Koreans took their places. Latterly Hindoos have swarmed Few are voters. They work in the packing houses and in the
into the agricultural districts, the latest stream of ever cheaper vineyards and orchards. But the Germans speak English and
they soon learned the truth and stuck by the Italians. The
labor.
J
apanese, led by their merchant employers, stayed on the
Uniting the Races
job. The Hindoos had not been approached.
With five races, unintelligible in speech to one another for
It was at this juncture that the most spectacular picketing
the most part, suspicious, with these suspicions fostered by in the history of labor disputes began . Picketing the farm s
unscrupulous padrone labor contractors, it appears that it is new; so far as can be learned it has never before been
T
T
�T h e W e s t e r rr· Co m r a d e
Page, eleven
attempted anywhere, at least nowhere in the United States. big growers coercing the smaller ones into the protective orNo halfway measures would do. The unique occasion de- ganization. A tax of of five cents an acre was levied, by the
manded unique means. And the ingenious Italians rriet the growers' league to carry ori its campaign. Offices were rentemergency.
ed and a secretary employed. l'he battle lines were being
Loading up motor trucks with as many, persons as they drawn more tightly.
would hold, organizing a bicycle brigade of 250, going out
But in the meantime the union had not been neglectful of
on motor-cycles and in conveyances of all kinds, _the -Italians its opportunities. A specially called meeting of the Fresno
swarmed along the country roads one morning and sprung Labor Council endorsed the new Agricultural J.Jnion. D. P.
an innovation in picketing that will stand for a long time as - Pagano, president, and L. Keller, organizer, prepared a sta:tethe most novel procedure in the history of labor annals.
ment for the press in which they explained the justness of
their demands. They pointed out how the agricultural workMilitant Inducement
ers were exploited, how they were unorganized, how they were
The pickets hurried along the roads until they came to the often unjustly treated and how they are without recourse.
grl'!at vineyards. Here the little Japanese were already at They set forth their demands of $2.50 for .a day of eight
work cutting the year's growth from the grape vines. Dis- hours' work for pruners, and $2:50 for all other agricultural
mounting from bicycles, leaping nimbly from t.rucks, tether- work, with no express stipulation as to hours.
ing horses to fences, the Italians swarmed into the fields. It
The labor market is not well understood by many of the
was like an invasion of locusts. Little Italian met little )ap residents of the San Joaquin Valley. Resident padrones em- and conquered. Pinioning their prisoners' arms, escort- ploy the migratory japanese and Hindoos and take contracts
ing them to the road, they told them to go, sometimes giving being paid as the labor progresses, 25 per cen at a time. The;
them a hastening kick or two. It was "militant inducement." being paid as the labor progresses, 25 per cent at a time. They
But in other places they did not catch the Japanese or mans, Italians, and Armenians are home owners and finance
Hindoos. The workers saw them comthemselves when going out on the job.
ing and every male fled the place.
At the growers' meeting a prominent
It was a dramatic and picturesque ingrower, L. R. Rogers, is reported by
AISIN growers and peach
vasion, and it achieved its purpose.
the "Fresno Republican" to have said
Within a few days it was impossible
growers have formed great
"
doubtless all of us know of
to get workers.
the strike which was declared early
associations to control their prothis year. We do not deny that the
The Japanese are a peace loving
duct and regulate prices. This
men had a right to organize or make
race in California. At least, they. conis laudable and Central Calitheir demands. We do not · Jike the
fine their truculence to their own race.
fornia applauded.
Why is it
way that the demands were made. I
When they were called on to quit work
wrong for the laborers to organfor one do not belive that any eightand "militant inducement" had demize to secure better returns for
hour day will apply to orchard work.
onstrated the advisability of ceasing
their product? Why should an
work they beagn to leave Fresno. They
I cannot reconcile the statement of
injunction be issued when the
the strikers that owing to the high cost
would not become strike-breakers, and
strikers picket the fruit ranches?
of living they must have an eight-hour
their leaders were not of the laboring
Why is an organization of Prop- _
class and would not imbue them with
day. I believe that this whole cry of
erty right and good but an ora class consciousness to make them
high cost of living is a mimomerganization of workers wrong and
stand with their fellow-workers of anit is the cost of high living. Many of
bad?
other race. They left Fresno for Los
the staples are the same as they were
Angeles, for San Francisco and Sacraseveral years ago." Those who arose
to deny this bald, untruthful, assertion
mento. As a menace to the infant union
they were removed; it ~emains for time to prove whether they were denied the floor. At Fresno, when Mr. Rogers made this
can be moulded into a militant and successful union.
statement, potatoes were $5.00 a sack, onions five cents a
Insistent calls to San Francisco were unavailing. California pound, and all other staples greatly advanced.
has some good laws and among them is a law that where there
A committee of fifteen was elected by the growers to see
is a strike, employment bureaus must so notify men when re- what could be done to adjust the labor question. But it has
cruiting to take the places of strikers.
mostly been in opposition to the eight-hour day; there has
been far less opposition to the raise in wages.
Invoking the Law
Then came the inevitable, the old, efficient weapon of the
The ranchers became desperate. Pruning can lay over for industrial fight, the INJUNCTION.
a time but spring comes early in the warm, sunny San
An injunction was issued against picketing. The power of
Joaquin. In February the trees are in blossom. The buds on property spoke in its quiet, direct, emphatic way.
·
the grape vines begin to swell. Pruning must be finished beWhat the Strike Accomplished
fore this time. The situation was· rapidly becoming desperate.
Then the Valley Fruit Growers' Association was formed. It was
Results of the strike have been immediate. Wages have
a fight for power. The old forces of property and labor jumped from $1.25 for a ten and twelve hour day to $2.00
were lining up for battle.
and $2.50 for eight and ten hours. One of the most impressive
The "Fresno Republican" of February 13 carries a long unions is being formed and promises to take an important
account of the first organization of the growers into a pro- part in the industrial advance of the nation The critical time
tective league. Organization was commenced simultaneous- of the year is the fruit picking season; the strikers will bide
ly throughout the raisin belt. At the little town of Clovis, their time; they will wait.
eleven miles from Fresno, 700 growers c'onvened. In Fresno
When the Japs threatened to prove recalcitrant and it was
1000 growers, representing 25,000 acres, gathered and formed seen that Hosaka, their leader, was in league with the growers,
an association. The membership was rapidly extended, the
(Continued on Page twenty-three)
R
�Proparanda
Page twelve
!C
The Western Comrade
•
"Measures First" 1n
California
•
•
ALIFORNIA Socialists have taken a constructive policy
I the leading one in the American movem,ent.
I' The action at the Fresno convention in adopting a
___. constitution and a program that is far reaching and
inclusive and decisive has met with the unqualified approval
of the constructive Socialists of the State. The constitution
has yet to go to a referendum, but there can be little doubt
about the result of the vote. A minority report would find few
adherents among those who are alive and active in the California movement.
The store with but one telephone cannot serve its custo!llers,
because many of them may be on the other line. And few
householders feel financially able to have two phones in their
homes.
The added expense is enormous.
For poor service and a direct financial loss, Los Angeles
merchants must pay double what merchants in other cities
pay for telephone service.
And the householder-what of him?
He must either also double his appropriation for the benefit
of talking to his friends without leaving his home, or he must
1. State Ownership and Manarement of the Water Power and
Telephone Systems of the Stat•. ·
be cut off from many of them.
Such is competition in telephones in Los Angeles!
This is the first clause in the new program which Socialists
Once it was proposed to put in two systems in San Franof California are going to adopt as their immediate _demands.
It is the first gun in the concentrated _campaign which is cisco, and the famous "graft cases" brought out some interestto be made. It deals with two of the problems which have ing testimony as to how this deal was to be accomplished.
The dual phone system is a huge success-from the viewvexed and worried thoughtful people.
A committee is now drafting this measure and others into point of the stockholder. But from the viewpoint of the user
it is quite another matter.
legal form that it may be placed on
For if two ~ystems are allowed, why
initiative petitions and enough signadiscriminate against a third one or a
tures secured that they may go on the
fourth? Or more? Railroads are enballot at the next general election.
couraged to build. Some California
The water power of the state is
towns have several transcontinental
rapidly being taken up by the power
railroads, besides electric lines. in comtrust. Enough work is being done on
petition.
the best sites to hold them until the
The Llano del Rio Colony offers
There a re competing power lines,
time comes when the power is reto print the Bulletin of the Socialist
gas systems, telegraph wires, electric
quired. Meanwhile the danger of comParty of California in its union shop
light plants. Why not in phones?
petition is nullified, prices can be kept
The people of California do n o t
up, and the monopoly assured.
for the lowest bid that can be obwant competition of this kind. They
California is rich in power sites. The
tained in any other union shop and
can be expected to take kindly to an
great Sierra Nevada range, snowthen remit HALF to the Socialist
initiative that proposes to have state
capped throughout the entire year, risParty of California. This offer is
owned and operated telephones.
ing to the highest point in the United
made in good faith and without
States where the Mount Whitney range
2. Packing Houses, Cold Storage Plants,
pierces the sky- this great range is
Flour Mills, and Granaries to be Built,
proviso.
Owned and Operated at Cost by the
an undeveloped water wealth. Water
State at all Practical Points.
is cheaply converted into power.
Up in North Dakota the farmers got
The power trust learned this years
ago. It has profited by this knowledge. The best sites have together and formed a new political organization-the Nonalready· been taken. Even now minimum development work Partisan League. They weren't so much concerned with principle and theory as they were with facts. They wanted results
is being done.
It is almost too late to take action.
first and foremost.
So they elected a legislature and then added a governor.
But if interest enough can be aroused, some m,ay yet be
They have initiated legislation, a nd this legislation is primarily
saved and through these others restored to the people.
'f.
'f.
'f.
and foremost for the farmer.
Down in Los Angeles there are two telephone systems.
Among the things they wanted were elevators and flour mills
to be owned and operated by the state. Moreover, they have
The city owns neither of them.
Both are operated solely for profit. This profit goes into already secured some of these things and expect to secure
the pockets of stockholders.
others. Political action was imperative, for by it they were
Telephone competition is different from electric lighting able to wrest from the oppressive capitalists their greatest
competition. It is different too from competition in selling source of power. It is now being administered for the good
groceries or water or milk or wood or drugs or staples of any of the farmer. Though the capitalist is making vindictive
other kind. It is most like railroad competition, but it is even threats, he is not at present in such a good position to put
more inconvenient.
them into effect as he once was.
Cities with two railroa·d s attempting to serve the people lose
California's farms have been cut up and planted to trees and
collectively but not so clearly does it affect the individual vines and alfalfa. Fruit packing houses, cold storage plants,
resident.
and icing plants are important, and are growing more so.
But in Los Angeles each business house must have two
However there are many mills an~ many granaries or waretelephones.
houses, so the grain situation is still an important factor.
They do not get twice the service thereby. On the contrary,
The fruit trust and the railroads have had a virgin and rich
the service is much less satisfactory.
territory. Un~rganized farmers and producers have been as
Llano's Offer to the
Socialist Party
�Th• W<st•rn Comrade
Page thirt~
Propacanda
wax in their hands. Go into any community and you will be
Within the last ·few years a new feature has ~orne in.
wearied with the monotonous repetition of the tale of the grow"Jitneys" have taken the short hauls of passengers. Now
er who shipped east, and got a bill for the freight, but no huge automobile stages traverse the entire state. A regular
check for the fruit. Grape growc;rs, peach growers, melon schedule is maintained between San Francisco and Los Anggrowers, truck growers, orange growers-the s1ory is always eles. When the state was bonded for good roads a few years
ago in the huge sum of 18 million dollars, the law was drawn
the same.
Will these people rally to the measure that will protect them so that the highway parallels the Southern Pacific. Much was
against the railroad extortion, the packing house hold-up and the public wrath thereat, and the railroad was accused of
. having performed this feat of legislation.
·
the commission house robbery.
But if it did, it was a boomerang. "Jitney" service was unTons of fruit rot on the ground every year all over the state.
Hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of fruit are shipped thought of then. But with the completion of the highway,
East, there to be sold. For this a letter containing a bill of automobile service has cut enormously into the railroad pasexpense is often the only return made to the grower.
senger-carrying service. The good roads paralleling the railOf course state owned packing houses cannot stop this, but road have been the instrument of competition which has cost .
state owned packing houses and cold storage plants will be them millions of dollars. It is a powerful weapon in the hands
the first step in the organization, and in the selling of products of the people and its advantage is just being understood.
The new initiative will hasten government ownership of railthe state is also asked to take part.
roads. The operation of the steamship lines will still further
3. State to Mark~t All Products at Cost to Producers.
As shown above the growers of California fruits have cut into railroads' business.
6. Single Tax.
been shamelessly . exploited. Let it not be thought that he
is a capitalist. He is a laborer, owning (at least sometimes he
Another blow to the Southern Pacific. Those millions of
owns it) a farm on which he must labor unceasingly.
acres of land held out of use for speculative purposes will be
After he has grown marvelous fruits, after he has irrigated taxed as adjoining lands are taxed. The Southern Pacific has
and tended them, paid rent or interest, gambled with the a new enemy to fight. Miller and Lux and other great land
weather, pitted his judgment against the market manipulators holders will be forced to disgorge their empires.
and the law of supply and demand, has fought tree and vine
Single tax in California has a good chance to carry at the
parasites, and has won all the way through, he has yet to next election. The adoption of this measure by the Socialist
meet the strongest enemy of all, the selling parasite.
Party will unite the voting power of the single taxers and the
In the raisin district, the pack,ers had the market their own Socialists. Its passage at the general election will mean the
way for years. Finally the rise of the growers and the or- dealing of a severe body blow at intrenched interests. That is
ganizing of a selling combine put the packers out of business its principal interest to the Socialist Party of California. Not
completely. Encouraged by this success, peach growers, prune for Single Tax for the sake of Single Tax will they vote, but
and apricot growers, etc., have banded themselves together into for Single Tax because it is another trench captured from the
defensive organizations. The orange growers had long before enemy.
done this.
7. Proportional Representation and Micratory Voting.
But the producers now have to maintain separate selling
Seasonal work is characteristic of California. Great bodies
organizations, with the attendant expense or still be mulcted of laborers follow the work. They are denied the right of
by commission sharks. The state has already made some franchise, and their effectiveness in the Big Battle becomes
provision. Colonel Harris Weinstock, of Sacramento, is assist- largely nullified. The Migratory Voting bill will permit these
ing in the forming of co-operative unions of producers. But people, perhaps a majority of whom are radicals, to particithis is merely "united competition" as it might be called.
pate in the selection of candidates, and what is more important,
The initiative to be circulated by California Socialists will in carrying of measures in California.
'f.
'f.
'f.
demand the further extension of the organization .and the establishment of state marketing.
The greatest weakness of the present election law is the fact
4. Stale· Wide Freight and Passenger Automobile Service to be
that the minority has no rights. If a million votes are cast in
Owned and Operaed· by the State al Cost.
California, 333,333 for one candidate, 333,333 for the second
5. Freight and Passenger Steamship Lines Plying Between Both
candidate, and 333,334 for the third, the latter is elected, and
Home and Foreign Ports, to be Owned and Operated by the State
a majority of the people have no representation. In a case
at Cost.
of this kind, virtually two-thirds of the people might as well
Since the day it was built, the Southern Pacific railroad has
not have voted, and there is no representative for their inbeen a great factor in· the government of the State of Caliterests. In every election a variation of this extreme case is
fornia. Operating under many aliases, with many subsidiary
· corporations, it has held the reins of power. True that power bound to result.
By properly drafted proportional representation laws and
has been clipped considerably of late' years, but still the old
correct districting, the minorities will have their representatives
potentiality remains.
Granted by government every other section of land for in legislative bodies.
twenty miles on both sides of every mile of railroad, the
"Espee" has held this and profited by its rise in value. In
many towns the best portion of the city is owned by the railroad. It has maintained lobbies in the legislature when it has
not bodily owned the legislature. Its ppwer has been felt
time after time. The shrewdest lawyers and politicians have
been in its employ. It has been conscienceless, remorseless, relentless. Battles, bloody battles, have been fought for the land,
and finished in the courts. In the latter the Southern Pacitic
has almost inevitably won.
8. Social Insurance.
For a generation, now, the Socialist Party has opposed "reform measures." But the definition of what constitutes a
reform measure has never been made .clear. So every law that
could ameliorate suffering has been opposed by the Socialist
Party on the grounds that it might lead people into a paternalistic self-satisfaction.
But the people, in the meantime, have voted for the party
'\hich did promise something. Now the Socialists of Cali(Continued on Page. 24)
�Page fourlcen
Remaking
Cr
The Weslern Comrade
th~
Party
•
In
California
LIFORNIA Socialists have become radical!
asunder, progress hindered, and effective propaganda stopped
At least they can be counted as radicals in their by these agitators. Constructive members have been driven
own movement if the new constitution carries in the from the party; the loud-of-mouth-but-small-of-performance
·party referendum vote to which it will be submitted. member has been able to drive out all who did not agree
The convention of the Socialist Party of the State of Cal- with his own peculiar brand of self-righteousness.
ifornia, held at Fresno, California, February 17, 18 and 19, ·
The man or woman who claims to be a Socialist, yet whose
1917, is destined to go down into Socialist history as the most sole stock in trade is denu tciation and who most readily turns
important ever held in California.
this on those who do not agree with him in every particular,
It has set the pace for other states to follow.
is known in every local, and there is more than suspicion
Two distinct hctions were represented, both equally deter- to justify the charge that many of these persons are in the
mind to mould the new constitution that shall guide the party Socialist movement for the express purpose of preventing its
for the future. The Fresno Herald of February 19 called it growth and effective action. The majority are of course pera struggle between "the conservatives and the radicals for fectly honest in their intentions, and these become the ready
control, with the radicals gaining strength steadily:"
tools of those who are not honest. They have madethe SoThe conservatives, like all conservativ~s. wished to con- cialist Party a fetich, a religion, a creed, and they have allowed
tinue in the well worn path that the party has been following, their own passions to become inflamed as they have by their
making no distinct departures in any way, though perhaps illadvised, extreme utterances inflamed the passions of others.
making greater effort along certain already established lines.
But the Fresno constitution, if adopted, will throw many obThe radical faction demanded chanstacles in the path of this paid agent
ges in the constitution, changes in
of the capitalists.
methods. the introduction of new ideas.
Locals may be formed by five or
more members.
With the fearlessness of consequences
OCIALIST LOCALS shall be organized without regard to pothat characterizes the true radical, they
They may be formed without regard
litical subdivisions. The jurisdicwanted to make deviations from the
to political subdivisions.
time-h'lllowed methods that have seemtion of said locals shall be confined
In other words, five perso"ns, conto members thereof.
in~lv failed.
genial in thought and education and
The entire membership residing
The lines of debate were laid down
in other ideas, may form a local. They
within any political subdivision of
accordingly. The paramount question
can draw to them other Socialists who
the state shall have charge of all
was, "Shall we continue as we have
are congenial. Several locals may be
purely political activity within said
been in the face of a constantly fallformed in any city, all working to a
territory.
ing membership and a constantly decommon purpose. But no dissension
The membership in one or more
creasing vote, with an alarming slackmaker can break all of them. Should
political subdivisions may, by maening of interest, or shall we make
he succeed in wrecking one, he will
jority vote of the members in each
changes that promise to build up the
have disclosed his method, and he will
district. combine their political acparty, renew interest, and strengthen
not be able to get into the others.
tivity.
the membership?"
Moreover, should a wrangling group
Every move, every motion, every
form in a local, those who tire of the
speech, hinged on this premise.
discord and contention may join a loThough almost evenly matched at
cal where progress i5 being made.
the opening of the convention, so impressive .was the program
The new plan has many advantages; on it can be built a
of the radical element, and so conclusive were the arguments Socialist Party that will reach into every union, every farmers'
advanced, that throughout the convention the radical side organization, and every co-operative movement in the state,
gained through desertions from the minority, finishing with selecting the virile members of all of them. It marks the
greater strength than they had shown at any time during the beginning of a re-animated, revitalized Socialist movement in
entire session.
California, invigorated by new blood.
The privilege of permitting five persons to form a Socialist
Two far-reaching, 'significant departures were made and
incorporated into the constitution. Resolutions adopted and local permits economic bodies to use the Socialist Party as
the legislative program recommended clinch the new methods their vehicle of political expression. This is the purpose for
which are to be followed by the Socialist Party of California. which the Socialist Party was formed; the mission that sincere, thoughtful Socialists have understood it to be established
Disrupting the Disrupter
for. It wili save the party from being purely. and solely a
The first of these new planks in the constitution is the one political party; it can now become the economic institution
empowering Socialists to form locals without regard to poli- that a working class organization should become.
tical subdivisions.
Reaching Out for the Doers
It is a blow at the dissension creator.
The other most radical departure is the classification of
The past history of the Socialist Party has been made black
by internal squabbles. Evidence is overwhelming to show that the membership of the party into nine groups, giving each
paid trouble makers have kept the party from growing by an organizer. and forming these nme organizers into the
their impossibilistic tactics where they have not actually de- executive board of the state.
It means creating an executive board of those who are
moralized it by making damaging charges of various kinds.
.
The party in many cities, notably Los Angeles, San Francisco, actually engaged in the work.
It means oragnizing the Socialist Party into congenial deOakland, Stockton, Fresno, and Sacramento, has been cleft
S
�The Western Comrade
Page 6fteen
partments, capturing the real workers of the state, and giving the United States. They are prepared for it. Rather try to
do something and thereby incur disfavor, than bask In the
them supreme control of their own organization.
It means the practice of another fundamental of Socialist good graces of the Socialist Party oracles and lose prestige,
theory-industrial organization and control. • It is living up members, and votes. Moreover, whatever criticism there may
to Socialist theory, just as the new plan of organizing locals be will be answered by the most capable Socialists in the
means the oractice of Socialist theory because they are not United States, comrades with national recognition of their
bounded by capitalistic definitions of political - subdivisions, ability. Among those who participated in the convention.
and who were among the majority favoring the adoption of
artificially created.
Too long has the Socialist Party prated of the "class the new measures which were adopted by the convention,
struggle," offering relief to the workers in the sweet by-and-by, were Walter Thomas Mills, Harry M. McKee, W. A. Engle,
refusing to demand anything for them now for fear it might Job Harriman, Frank E. Wolfe, George W. Boswell, N. A.
be "bourgeosie," might be a "compromise," or was tainted Richardson, State Secretary Thomas W. Williams, Cameron
with "opportunism." or deviafed from the "class struggle," King, George W. Downing, and others whose names are well
or perhaps was "reformistic." These have been the talis- known in various sections of the country. · Most of these are
manic words which the impossibilist has used to stall progress. veterans in the movement, many of them have attended the
They have been effective words. They have kept the Social- national conventions as delegates, some have been representist Party from doing anything to ameliorate present day con- atives at international Socialist conventions in Europe, and
ditions. Instead, empty promises have always pointed out some of them are known to many as writers. They are studwhat a heaven the working people would inhabit "when we ents of affairs, yet withal practical men of executive ability.
The 1917 convention of the Socialist Party of California
elect our candidates."
But the impatient working people refused to wait. They ha3 made history. It has gone on record. It has marked
voted for the Progressives when the Progressives promised the way. It has adopted new measures and new methods
them something now. They have votthat are in keeping with the times.
Already a new spirit of optimism is
ed anv way for anybody who promised
being shown. With the professional
any IMMEDIATE results.
disrupter's wings clipped and with
But the Socialist Party of California
THE WHOLE REGULAR PARTY
something tangible to work for, the
has learned the lesson . It is ready to
membership shall be classified as
movement in the State of California
be the target for the slurs of the posito industries or occupations as folis something for the Socialist Party
tive type of Socialist who a\tacks evlows: farmers, miners, transportaof America to watch with interest.
ery attempt to do anything now. It
tion workers, manufacturing workhas gone on record as favoring Social
Portions of constitution quoted in
ers, building trades, printing trades,
this article show the trend of action
Insurance; Single Tax; government
store and service workers, profesownership and operation of transportawhich will be followed by the Socialists
sional workers, and housekeepers,
tion by steamship and by automobile;
of California when the constitution ts
and shall be so recognized in the
in force. Reaching the workers with
State ownership and management of
state office.
. Each group shall
more than a promise, opening the door
water power and telephone systems;
elect one member of the state execof the Socialist organization wide . adpacking houses, cold storage plants,
utive
committee.
The
person
so
Aour mills and granaries to be built
mitting the genuine workers- this is
f'lected shall be state organizer for
and operated by the state at cost; the
the salient feature of the radical dethe group so electing him.
parture made by California Socialists.
marketing of products by the state at
cost; proportional representation; and
Will the rest of the country follow
migratory voting.
California's progressive lead? This is
Without for a minute forgetting the
the question upon which the future
ultimate goal of Socialism and the emancipation of the work- worth and service of the Socialist Party of America hinges.
ing class, the Socialist Party of California is planning to
Portions of the New Constitution
make a concentrated campaign upon these measures. With
a clear understanding of Socialism and a complete knowledge
CLAUSE I.
of present day conditions, it has gone in a business-like and
CONSTITUTION OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF CALIFORNIA
practical manner about the business of getting the things
Article f.
Section I. The name of this organization shall be "Socialist Party of
wanted. With less use of "economic determinism," "class
struggle," the "iron law of wages," "Karl Marx," "materialistic California." The Socialist party shall be composed of Locals and Members
at large.
conception of history," "surplus value," and the other catch
Section 2. {a} The supreme authority shall be vested in the party memwords of the Socialist propaganda, it has gone quietly_ on bership.
of the state to be exercised by meano of the initiative, referendum
record with a concrete and carefully thought-out plan to "GET and recall.
some of the things it has promised and talked about.
Section 2. {b} Any Local may initiate. Motions may be seconded i>y
In North Dakota the Socialist Party was in the same con- at least five other Locals in ao many different counties, providing such
dition that the Socialist Party of California was and is. Up Locals have an aggregate membership equal to 5 per ceul of the total
membership of the state.
there the farmers ~ot together, refused to discuss scientific
Section 2. {c) The provisions of any initiative receiving a majority vole
Socialism, or any other kind, ignorerd the Socialist Party, and shall become constitutional and repeal any and all con8icting constitutior.ol
formed the Non-Partisan League which quickly obtained a clauses.
Section 2. (d) Actions of all oflicialo and committees are subject to
lot of the advantages which the Socialist Party had promised
referendum.
but had failed to supply.
Section 3. {a) Th.re shall be four regular state referendum elections in
California Socialists are to be complimented on having each
year beginning in January. Said elections shall be held quarterly.
learned a lesson. They are now setting about the business
Section 3. (b) The state secretary-treasurer shall mail to each mt'lllbrr
of ~etting results from this lesson.
copy of all such measure•.
They expect criticism, bitter criticism, from all parts of
(Continued on Page twenty:four}
�The
•
D eep
s ea
estern Comr•de
•
D 1 v e r Tel
By
DIVER. to many, is a curiosity. He usually calls for
a second observation, probably because the person has
a mind's picture of what the diver looks like in his
full regalia. This consists of rubber suit, canvas
overalls. heavy belt, breastplate, an~ helmet. The breastplate is bolted to
the suit and the
helmet
screwed
on. encasing the
diver in a world
of his own . Then
there is the heavy
leather belt that
has lead weights
rivetted to it and
the shoes with
lead soles. Some
patterns are brass
soled, with brass
t i p s and heels.
The shoes for ordinary work will
weigh about 20
pounds each and
the belt about
I00 pounds. Then
attached to the
breast - p I a t e.
comes the air
hose and around
the diver's waist
~oes a heavy lifeline
which
is
made fast in some
patterns to the
breast - plate; in
citing Up Thumbscrews on Breast-plate
others to the hclmet.
U ·u lly the first questions asked are: "Don't you feel the
pressure hard on your lungs? How deep do you go? How
doe it feel to be down with the fish? Can you see down
there? What do you da when down?" Now, I will try to
an ' r these questions for the readers of the Comrade, giving
m ov n experience a the answers.
The first es ential to be a diver is that you have a firm
con titution, free from disease that would drain your body
of its life. Lung mu t be in the best of condition, head must
be dear. By that, I mean that there is to be no ear troubles.
denoids and chronic colds are ailment that forbid diving.
\Ve re all subject to colds, especially the diver, who. upon
the least exertion, while under pressure. will break out in perpiration and upon coming to the surface where the cool
Dre42e strikes him, cools off quickly, frequently contracting
a sl~t cold.
pon contracting a heavy cold, especially in
the head, the diver cannot submerge because the passages
from the ears to the nose are .topped up and inJiamed. There
absolutely must be a dear passage, as the air has to go through
!A
Fran
the different passages and if any be clogged, severe p in
result. It it be the ear that ij closed there will be a pain that
cannot be classed as an ear-ache, being far worse.
hould
the ear passages be free, but stopped at the bridge of the
nose, there will be a pain in the center of the forehead down
to the nose and in the corner of the eye that is absolutely
unbearable and calls for the immediate signal of the diver to
come up and remain until relieved of the cold. No diver will
go down and work while he has a severe cold. The first pains
start immediately upon submerging and reach the unbearable
stage at about 20 feet. If the diver persists in trying to work
in that state, serious consequences will result, such as bursting
the ear drums, or blood vessels and distention of the different
passages, which would incapacitate one from diving again.
As
for
the
lungs, there is no
noticable difference except in
great depths, so
long as there is
no exertion on the
part of the diver.
Later, I will explain that feeling.
The air that a
d i v e r breathes
generally comes
through a twocylinder waterjacketed p u m p
operated by hand.
It comes in a
steady flow from
the pump through
the hose connected at the back of
the breast -plate,
and goes around
to the front and
through a slot
directly under the
diver's nose. So
upon inhaling, a
fresh supply o f
cool air is taken
How a Diver RetIt
in; the exhalation
passes out by an
outlet valve that is regulated according to the depth the diver
goes; the diver regulates the valve from the outside which acl~
the same as a safety valve on a boiler. In the helmet if a
plunger that is operated by being pressed by the head. which
rele<!ses the air from the inside in volume. That is when too
much air is in the suit causing the diver to rise to the surface.
By the plunger he regulates himself so he if just buoyant
enough to mov~ around easily. Too little air will caUJe him
to sink. The water pressure is noticed 6nt in thz feet, legs
and upwards according to the amount of air rei~ Until
�Page ·· seventeen
The Western Comrade
s of Unde.rsea Work
A. Dav1s
the suit can inflate again that pressure is more or less noticed.
There is a ladder about 8 feet long, at the end of the float,
by which means the diver reaches the water and upon which
he rests his heavy belt and weight.
The diver's crew consists of the two pumpers and a tender
who handles the air hose and life-line.
Upon getting ready to submerge, the tender having received
his instructions and the pumpers having starte~:l, the helmet is
adjusted, being so designed by the slotted sector style that
a quarter turn engages it air-tight. As soon as the helmet is
on the suit starts to inflate and upon getting into the water
and letting go of the ladder the diver finds himself floating
with a tendency to turn upside-down, which is overcome by
kicking off a little air as it is called, in other words, by pushing
on the plunger. Note the cap I wear in the picture. It has
its uses in diving. One is to prevent the hair from hanging
over the forehead and irritating me. The other is that the face
plate (that I see through) gets coated with water or vapor just
as fog does on glass, and is cleaned by rubbing the head on
the glass. Seeing
under water is a
difficult matter. In
shallow water up
to 50 feet such as
harbors, the water
is murky and
it is difficult to
see over ten feet
on a level; but
in looking toward
the surface, the
light comes down
bright and cle.' r.
One must be
continually touching the plunger in
the helmet.
If
not, there will be
an excess m atr
pressure w h i c h
will cause one to
start to rise. If
you do not continually
keep
plunging off, you
will gain speed in
coming up, for
the water pressure keeps getting
less and the air is
coming f a s t e r
Going Down. Note InHaling Suit
than the outlet
~alve. will release it without the assistance of the plunger.
In g~mg d~wn , the body usually accustoms itself quickly lo
the mcreasmg pressure, but upon coming up, one must
come slowly, even from shallow depths in order to let the
body resume its normal condition. To great depths, such . as
two hundred feet, one can go down quickly, but must take
from one to two hours to come up, making it in stages, half
the distance at the first jump, then a long rest, then half the
remaining distance and so on. Otherwise serious illness or
death will be the consequence.
,
Now for a little work at about fifty feet, say on some piling
that has been driven down and is to be cut off at grade to
furnish a foundation for a concrete column for pier and dock.
You reach the bottom and signal back to your tender 0. K.,
and start to work. You take the saw and by body motion
move back and forth for about fifteen strokes and you feel
yourself getting a little warm, and breathing a little faster, and
here is where the diver will heed the warning and rest a few
minutes. Should you go on for fifteen more strokes you
break out in perspiration and breathe in gasps or volume.
You feel the sensation that you are being strangled although
you have all your breathing facilities. Yet you cannot recuperate and up to the surface you go, about exhausted. The
only way I can describe this feeling is that you run for all
that's in you until exhausted and are blowing and gasping for
air while your lungs refuse to be satisfied with what seems
to be insufficient amount of air and someone hangs a paper
sack over your head and holds it around your neck until
you think you will die if not released. Such is the overexerted feeling of a diver after a hard spell of work below.
I have tried to
make my meaning clear, omitting figures and
technical terms. I
trust I have instructed Comrade
readers in what I
believe is a calling of which most
of them have but
little knowledge.
(Editor's note:
Comrade D a v i s
intends to become
a r e s id e n t of
L I a n o . While
there is no field
here for deep sea
diving, Comrade
Davis expects to
make himself useful, as he believes
that a man who
can make a living
below the sea can
do the same 3000
feet above. He is
tired of his hazardous work and
So Long! See You Later.
wants to live in
ii 'communjty where his present vo~ation is unnecessary.)
�Page eighteen
Education
Education fo..r Freedom
-
The Western Comrade
By wesley zornes
E know because we have gained experience. Hence
This educational system breeds heroic slaves who, fired by
experience is knowledge. Education is the art of youthful desires, march at the command of their masters, into
gleaning knowledge. The book worm, then, is not death, hell and destruction. The songs sung and the patrioteducated. Book knowledge is a!l aid to the real edu- ism they preach are all able to stimulate and form within the
cation of life-the art which every one should cultivate. Edu- child's mind a desire; the desire precludes a deeper sentiment
cation should stimulate desire to experience new and untried in an eventual belief that it is heroic, grand and noble to fight
phenomena. Books point the way to things others have ex- for one's country, even at the cost of the blood of millions
perienced. They are valuable in education, if the experiences of.....men and boys in a f01eign land.
The workers of Europe are reaping the consequences of an
are vitalized by action. Botanical terms become dry and uninteresting if allowed to become the full curriculum and mental educational system that breeds capitalistic minded men and
food of the child. Show the child· a flower, name the parts, women. War is not possible where there is not a war sentiexplain the wonderful arrangement of sepals, petals, stamens, ment; the sentiment was created through long years of training
and pistils, their uses and all of the wonderful natur~l phen- and teaching.
omena connected with its tiny, limited life, and you have inLlano boys may receive a practical course in engineering
corporated in one act both acquired' and actual experiences. by working on the cars. We combine the technical with the
These actual field lessons are never forgotten. They become actual experience and in this way the boy is taught to work.
the nucleus around which the
child builds its future.
The child's first impressions
are lasting ; the acts of childhood are remembered the
longest, used and vitalized.
The ideals and dreams of
childhood are the factors in
molding that child's character. Its thoughts and experiences must be guided into the
right paths. A child's habits
are formed early and it is of
utmost importance that these
habits be directed by a carefully trained hand.
Our modern prisons (like
schools} with their hard seats,
stuffy rooms and a master of
ceremonies, who exercises a
censorship on knowledge as
well as freedom, cramp,
dwarf and warp the mind.
Instead of learning to think,
Group of Colonists .who arrived at about the same I ime and from the same olale. Most of those in Llano
the child must memorize pet
have come from the Western States, though many are expected in the near future from the Middle West.
formulas which impress upon
him the capitalistic psychology of the race. Instead of learning the value of book know- In comparison with this life's school of experience we see boys
ledge, which is essential to education, it learns to hate and in the outside world going to school because they desire to
dread it. Books <tre looked upon as dreaded mediums, through become parasites on society. They expect higher positions
which the equally tiresome pedagogue may inflict a daily and if the position is not forthcoming, disappointment ensues;
punishment.
·
and if a revolution of mind does not take place, they sink
The boy of eight has savage instincts. He feels within down to failure because they have not been taught the virtue
himself the longing for nature. If we accept the biogenetic of actual work.
law, his ancestry is calling him along paths laid down by the
We reAlize, in connection with this that book knowledge is
laws of heredity. The inherent desire of the baby to wield essential, but only as a help to the greater experiences of actual
the stick first given it, is the first savage instinct that gave work. The great task is not only to acquire a practical workman protection and food. The desire to slay and kill is a
ing knowledge along agricultural lines but to incorporate with
strong instinct that throbs within the boy's breast. The train- the act of work the knowledge of why a thing is done. Each
ing received in our modern schools tends to augment rather task done could be made a daily lesson in the technique of the
than abate this fetid natural desire; emphasis is laid upon sciences allied with agriculture.
battles of history, which fire the youthful brain with an overAs a demonstration of the feasibility of this plan, we have
whelming desire to be a hero; to charge into the teeth of the sixty acres of garden for the Colony in which the boys and
deadly fire of the enemy; to capture their guns and crown
girls who would not otherwise be in school are taken and
his victory with their flag- this psychology is deadly: these taught the rudiments of reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling,
boys today in Europe are serving as food for cannon.
(Continued on Page twenly·eight)
�The Western Comrade
Arts and Music
.The Socialist City
Page ninetee~
By A. Constance Austin
1- - -r:E cities of the past have nearly always "iust hap- moreover, would not believe you if you told him that 85 per
pened." There have been a few cases of Emperors cent of the business enterprises Qf the United States fail every
planning model cities to display their might and year. We look like intelligent beings, and this is manifestly
wealth, but the planning has been a matter of palaces an impossible condition for intelligent beings to tolerate.
and temples. These great people would have smiled amazeBut if the people get together and think out their living
ment at the idea of considering the comfort and convenience conditions, as they would think out the construction of a
of even their courtiers. As for the working people!-- As factory or the surveying of a road, a very different situation
a matter of fact comfort and convenience and sanitation had arises. First they would agree as to the terms of the problem.
yet to be invented even in the time of the Louis' in France. Theq they would call a specialist in consultation. They would
The corridor~ through which passed the gorgeous pageants of want to know how these problems had been met elsewhere,
the "Ancien Regime" were used for unmentionable purposes, and whether there were any new processes or inventions which
and disorder, extravagance and dirt reigned in every branch they could adopt to their profit. Having collected all availof the royal household. If the palaces were so bad the general able information they would set about building an up to date
beastliness of the private houses, the streets, and. even, or living plant. They would say, perhaps, a city is a place to live
rather especially, the hospitals, is best left undescribed.
in, so the first consideration is the home. When we go home,
Of late, however, a considerable effort has been made to we go there to rest and recruit, to eliminate the friction of
straighten out the worst defects in some of the old established cities; and some new
towns have been started with
a systematic plan, involv-ing
the elimination of slums and
other public nuisances, the
setting aside of broad avenues
and parks, and building restrictions related to a general
design. These garden cities
are a great advance on former hap-hazard methods, but
they have only been studied
from the point of view of art
and sanitation, not from that
of efficiency.
From this last point of view
the "man from Mars" arriving on our planet, would certainly decide that he had
struck an insane asylum. He
would find a town of perhaps
twenty thousand -i nhabitants
This view of the Devil's Punch Bowl, south of the Colony, does no t do iu•tice to its l(randeur. Even
with twenty or thirty grocerfew of Llano residents know of its allractiveness. It is a miniature Grand Canyon and Yosemite Valley.
ies, each ill-housed, with insufficient space, and with out
of date equipment, separate corps of employees, and separate daily intercourse with heterogeneous crowds, and to recreate
teams or motors duplicating the same routes, and separate ourselves in a sympathetic and congenial atmosphere. We do
stocks of goods deteriorating on their hands qualified to give not want the outside world to intrude itself into this haven
some poor victim ptomaine poisoning. Each town is found of refuge. At times and under certain conditions we must be
also to have twenty dry goods stores, each with a small stock able to "invite our souls" ·if we are to live up to the best that
which duplicates the stock of the others. If you want to buy is in us. Well, says their advisor, the average suburban home
some little trifle, calculated for a special purpose, you have to is about as private and secluded as the middle of the street,
make the rounds of the twenty stores and then write to New but you can do so and so; and his plan is taken under adYork for it. If the twenty stores would combine their capital visement.
and business ability they could have one metropolitan departThen, they say, we have to obtain various supplies. We
ment store carrying a variety of goods that would meet every would like to get these directly from the producer for two
demand, and cut out the REASON for the mail order business reasons. First we do not want to pay so many intermediate
which they deplore.
profits that the pr-ice of the articles becomes prohibitive;
The two or three hundred little stores engaged in cutting secondly, we can make it worth his while to give us a sound
each others' throats and none of them far removed from bank- well made article. It is to the advantage of the middleman to
ruptcy, would be one of the things a socialist city would get bring pressure to bear on the producer, to manufacture some·
along without; another would be the cheerful flocking together thing that will "last quick," so that the middleman can sell the
of the harpies after one of the stores has gone to the wall, <:onsumer another article as quickly as possible. On the othet
to try to get the stock for nothing. The "man from Mars, ·•
(Continued on Page twenty-eight)
T
I__ -
�Healt ..
Page twenty
The
Spirit ~ of
1A
Llano
---~T the northern foot of the San Bernardino range of
The Western Comrade
By Dr. John De que r
glorified humanity. Their eyes turn to the beckoning future.
the Sierra Madre Mountains, glistening in the sunlight
From bees and ants we may learn the secret of their power.
From poets and prophets we may have the genius of their
lies the tented village of Llano.
·
To one who looks upon it from a distance it re- inspiration. They seek to conquer-not the freedom of the
sembles the encampment of an invading army. And such it seas alone, as do their masters-but the freedom of the land.
really is. It is an outpost of that mighty movement of collect- They seek to drive the exploiting usurper from our common
mother's breast.
ivism whose destiny it is to conquer the world.
But on coming closer we lind that while Llano really is an
"In union is strength." "In numbers there is safety." Only
outpost of a powerful and militant body of men and women on by a loyalty to each other and our cause can we win the
the very frontier of individualist territory, its methods and battle, that shall restore to us the land we need for ourselves
imph;ments of warfare differ substantially from t~ose used and children. Not in small patches that enslave, but in great
glorious areas where air and sunlight together with wholesome
by the military hordes of capitalism.
The invasion of the co-operators does not create a death food and companionships shall make mankind a race beautizone. There are no ruined homes and villages in tli.eir wake. ful.
Such are the hopes of the co-operators at Llano. Such are
No widowed wives and orphaned children or b~oken and
mangled men. Theirs is an industrial and intellectual battle also the hopes of oppressed humanity throughout all the world.
waged against nature a nd outworn institutions; it is con- Llano is a watch tower on the battlements of progress. Its
quering both. Theirs is a battle for a greater measure of life. sentinels herald the coming of the day when the words of the
agitator shall be realized in the deeds
The purple desert that for ages deof the people.
lied the efforts of the individual to
Why do I write all this in an article
make it yield sustenance surrenders to
LANO is a source of hope,
that is supposed to deal with matters
the co-operators her hoarded treasures.
of health and sickness? The answer
And what was once a yucca, greasejoy and inspiration to her
wood and sage covered plain is now
is so often found in worry and loss of
loyal membership as well as to
hope that I may well consider Llano as
a gladsome sight of blossoming orthousands who watch her proa balm for many an ill.
chards, productive gardens, and great
i
gress from afar. I know of
stretching, verdant fields. Such are
Llano is a source of hope, joy, and
many comrades who two years
the results of skirmish action by an
inspiration to her loyal membership, as
out-post in the desert. What will we
well as to thousands who watch her
ago thought they saw the light
behold when the vast armies now mobprogress from afar. Inspiration, joy,
of progress fade in the smoke
ilizing move into the battle line for
and hope are elements of optimism,
of Europe's conflagration, whose
social conquest?
and optimism is indicative of strength,
hearts sank in the mire of desand strength of health and wholesome
But let us confine ourselves to the
pair, but whose feet have regainiife.
outpost. Slowly among the tents more
ed the rock of hope through the
If my mail may be taken as a criterpermanent buildings arise. Does not
ion then I know of many comrades
this indicate that the soldiers are convictories of Llano.
who two years ago thought they saw
fident of permanent victories? Does
the light of progress fade in the smoke
this not tell of stability and determin::~of Europe's conflagration, whose hearts
tion?
In this outpost the plow has replaced the cannon; the sank in the mire of despair, now lind that their feet have
aqueduct has taken the place of the trench; and ihe building regained the rock of hope through the victories of Llano.
In co-operation we find the elements needed to make life
of homes has supplanted the rearing of arsenals and forts.
The mild-eyed cattle in stable and on plains; the noble wholesome. And whatever purifies the conditions of life,
horse at useful toil; happy, healthy, hopeful children, delight- eliminates disease.
Many of the diseases that affect us today are but the ining in constructive play ; men and women laboring with each
other toward the city of their dreams; this in a limited sense evitable battle scars received in our unequal struggle with
describes the results that follow this invading vanguard of capital. How many mental and physical wrecks may we
charge to financial worry? How many diseases drag their
the collective movement.
The soldiers we find in this army are not the unreasoning victims to untimely graves because they could not afford the
blindly obedient, uniformed, individualized messengers of proper care? How many useful men and women are daily
death and militarism. On the contrary they are men and wo- broken upon the rack of over-work? How many babies enter
men whose pulses bound with blood of freemen, whose sou!.. the world with a stinted heritage of strength? How many
are kindled on the altar fires of social ideal. They do not perish as a result of ignorance of the simplest laws of health?
seek retribution. They come not to punish but to restore the I dare say their name is legion.
This is all being changed in the tented village at the foot
long lost heritage of labor. They tear down only that which
is selfish and ugly, that which is productive of ignorance, of the mountains. Not by the surgeon's knife or doctor's dose
poverty, woe, and want. They aim to save, to nurture, and but by change of environment. The worries pass as the land
develop all that makes for kindness, pity, joy, beauty and love. becomes productive. Those who are ill are cared for by the
They build while they battle. They cultivate as they con- community. Co-operators can not afford to be lower than the
quer. Truth is their sword, reason their defence. Love is ants and bees. Men should be above the insects in social sertheir fortress, justice, equality and comradeship are their VICe, ThrOugh the collective usage of land and machinery
(Continued on Page 29)
generals. The spirit of liberty inspires them with vision of a
IL
I
�The Western Comrade
Wome•'• Oepartm~ol
A Woman's Appreciation of Llano
By Laila Culbertson Jarvia
- -OMEONE has asked me to write an appreciation of earth has deposited miles of lime rock and where it seems only .
my visit to Llano without realizing what a hard thing to have to be put into a great oven, and in some mysterious
that would be for me to do. I came among you way not understandable to my feminine mind, made into lime,
as many others probably do, without any realization or cement, or something capable of constructing homes with.
of what it was all about, or what you were all trying to live for.
From there it is but a step to see the permanent city, a mile
My trip from Los Angeles through the tunnels with their square, rising on the gentle slope of the valley, radiating
choking smoke, and my landing at Palmdale a wanderer in a beautiful streets and parks from its central group of low
foreign land, was not prepossessing; nor the ride across the buildings. One need have no imagination to see the happy
desert, with its many bumps after recent rains, nor the landing comrades flocking to the roof of the columned central structure
at the postotfice amid encircling tents and small shacks; left after the day's work is done, listening to the band, getting
much to the ip1agination.
a fragrant cup of tea or exchanging confidences, as one and all
My first introduction to you all was at the dance that night. wait for the glory of the setting sun over that ever changing
I have been very lacking in observing rny fellow man, being and mysterious undulating mass of pinks and purples that the
much interested in my own affairs, and thinking everyone material man has called the desert.
My inspection was not complete until I had seen the kindalso occupied in his, and it came as a surprise, and something
of a shock to find myself looking into so many h~ppy faces. eyed cows, and the soft puff-balls of rabbits, the chickens,
I felt an atmosphere of con·
tentment that was almost
tangible. "On with the dance,
let joy be unconfined" was
true here as I had never seen
it before. For my part, you
all know the pleasure I had
that night, as you all contributed to it. Being a frivolous
soul by na ture, the happiness
on all your faces attracted me
first, and from song and the
laughter I was drawn to serious things.
Ten days is hardly long
enough to comprehend the
stupendous principle of it all,
but I am sure I caught the
spirit of it, and could see the
vision like a great white light
in the distance.
Of course, like all your
guests I was shown your
points of interest. The fish
Social Reception Held at the Hotel to Make New Residents Acquainted With the Older Ones Was Well
hatchery, nestling 'way up in
Attended ; Picture Shows Small Con~enial Group
the mountains, thousands of
feet in the air, where in the
not far off future, hundreds of ~~;listenin~~; trout will bP sent and strutting turkeys, and the goats, and other things. Then
to Los Angeles markets. And the source of the great waterway I felt as if I had grown along the line of constructive work
where one can see in imagination a huge hotel and playground enough, to S!!e and appreciate what was being done for the real
constructed to cater to all the ills that man is heir to. Then flowers of the desert-the children of the Colony.
I spent hours at the Montessori school, where the babies are
down to the dam site, where one can see with half an eye a
completed concrete structure joining one mountain to another, taught to think for themselves; where they learn by sense of
and holding in the valley behind it a great lake of glistening touch to distinguish between different kinds of cloth, linen and
blue water, where will be reflected the austere sides of the cotton, for instance, something some of us older sisters find
difficult at times; where they get arithmetic by handling geofrowning giant.
On into the gorge, where the waters are even now not metrical shapes, and learning their names and unconsciously
allowed to waste away, rushing hither and yon under the river ad:ling or taking away from them; where they trace letters by
bed, as it seems a fashion for rivers in this country, but are running their fingers over a sandpaper letter and learning to
ordered and compelled to decorously march down a single see the shape of it as well as its feel, until suddenly they know
tunnel and deposit their wealth in irrigation ditches, where it and write it in a surer hand than the child who u juJt
taught to trace it on paper; where the teacher learns what
.
they will do the most good.
Then I was taken to the sawmill and watched the giants the child has talent for by watching it at play or work. M
of the mountain tops put onto a table-like structure and cut it is allowed to choose and develop along its own lines.
Then the junior Colony is waiting to take this embryo
into boards and shingles preparatory to making the houses
(Continued on Page 28)
for all to live in. And to the lime kiln, where kind motter
S
�Page twenty-two
Fi<:tio11
The Adoption of Gray Eyes
•
IBI
•
- -EING a savage, Sammy threw stones at the first white
man he saw, but the first time he beheld a white
woman he gazed at her with open eyed ~azement.
_ She was the wife of a land inspector and since it was
her first trip over the reservation, she returned the chilcfs gaze
with as frank an interest as his own. She put her hand under
his chin and turned the little brown face up toward hers, only
to draw back with a quick motion of astonishment and perplexity.
"Gray eyes! " she exclaimed.
"Why, yes," her husband replied, "a little half breed."
"But gray eyes! " she persisted, "among all those brown
eyed savages!" and seeing that her husband was not paying
:
any attention she said no more.
The boy was only six and he knew no English words, but
he felt that his eyes had offended, and covering them with his
grimy little hand, he dived into a nearby teepee. Once, one
of the braves had struck him across the eyes and had called
him the Indian name for "white" because he had refused to
eat dog meat. They had taken his puppy, his little .fat puppy
that barked for joy when it saw him and licked his hand when
he petted it, they had taken his one pet and had killed it to
eat! He had cried and the blow across his eyes had been the
lesser pain. Also he had gone hungry for several days, because of his unruliness. Could the lady tell, at one glance,
that his eyes, a boy's eyes, cried as quickly as a girl's?
Several years after that, when he was thirteen, the school
inspector put him in the reservation boarding school.
Mary Austin, his teacher, was new in the service and wht:n
he stood beside her to receive his books, her exclamation was
the same the other woman had used, only now he understood.
"Gray eyes! "
He turned and stumbled back to his desk and not once did
he raise the lowered eye-lids, not even when the books were
placed before him. Yet there was nothing sullen in his expression, rather, a mixture of shame and timidity. And Mary
noticed that he did not play with the other children.
That night she told her room-mate, a girl experienced m
Indian teaching.
"You cannot imagine how oddly I felt when he looked at
me suddenly, and I saw that his eyes were gray. It seemed
to me that some white child was masked behind that · copper
skin, and poor little chap, he must have realized some way,
how I felt, for he didn't look at me <\gain all morning! I
.
wish I knew something about him."
"Then ask Superintendent Moss," the other replied sleepily,
"he can tell you all about any of them. The records are all
in the office. But as for half-breeds, my dear, you'll have to
get used to seeing them, there's simply hundreds on the reservation." She did not mean to be blunt or unsympathetic,
but she had long since ceased to mix sentiment with pedagogy.
The next day, unable to overcome her feeling of curiosity,
Mary sought the Superintendent. He was devoted to his work
and his charges, and any interest in them aroused his appreciation.
"It is not an unusual case, Miss Austin," he said in reply
to her question, "just one of the tragedies we find every once
in a while. His father wa~ some white man, nobody knows
whom, but the records show that his mother died when he was
born. Since then he has just lived in one of the camps, belonging to nobody, and neglected by everybody. But the gray
The Weslerll Comrade
By Helen Frances Easley
eyes are unusual, most breeds, even quarters, generally have
brown. Except in a very few instances the mixture of white
and Indian blood is a bad thing. The children are claimed by
neither race, but we try to give them something here that will
lessen the handicaps."
For three months Mary watched this pupil' with more than
usual interest. Little by little she overcame his shyness, and
his capacity and thirst for knowledge was a source of neverending delight. For we~ks she had been formulating a plan,
and one night she put it into a letter.
"My dear Dr. Mason" she wrote, "You will no donbt remember me as one of your last year's pupils in philosophy.
I successfully passed the Civil service examinations and am
now in the Indian service.
"I have found a problem for you, practical and real and
not theoretical. Among my pupils is a little half-breed boy,
thirteen years old. I might not have noticed him especially
except that he had gray eyes, and it took me days to get over
the uncanny feeling that he wasn't a white child in masquera.de! Even now I think he is out of place. And here is the
problem: Would environment overcome his inherent instincts?
I hear you saying 'Yes', or fancy I do, knowing your opinion
on the matter. And this is my request: Do you think it possible to put him in the prep school of the University~ You
may think that the teachings of thirteen years will be-hard to
undo, but there has been no training. Up until three months
ago he has done nothing but exist. You would find him a
wonderful scholar, he reminds me of a sponge ready to absorb
all that comes his way. Please do not hint that my anxiety
to get him into better surroundings is acknowledgment of my
own inadequacy to meet the situation! But he seems so
worth while that ·I cannot resist asking you. He has no
parents, and I am sure there would be no trouble in securing
the consent of the authorities. However, I have said nothing
of this to anyone and shall not until I hear from you.
"Trusting that you are having a happy year with your
classes, and that this tetter will in no way be an intrusion,
"I am, Most sincerely yours, Mary Au~tin."
The answer to Mary's letter came promptly. Dr. Mason
was eager to take the Indian boy and so matters were taken
up with Superintendent Moss, and on through the department until full permission was granted for Sammy Small Horse
to leave the reservation, "Purpose-Educational."
When he was first told of the plan, Sammy evinced no great
pleasure, simply acquiescence to it, but as the days passed,
and the time for his departure drew near, he became more and
more excited. When he left, Mary was the only one to whom
he said a special farewell.
Dr. Mason's first letter after the arrival of Sammy was
one that a child, pleased with a wonderful new toy might have
written, and said in part: " . . but we have changed his
name. Small Horse is too impossible. In all my experiences
I've never heard a civilized name as bad as that, ugly as
some of them are. From now on his name is Samuel Mason.
I have given him my name, and although I shall not legally
adopt him, he is to live in my home, and be my son."
From time to time Mary received news of her former pupil,
always enthusiastically written. Then a year later a letter
came which was handed from one teacher to another and taken
to the Agency. The experiment was provmg more than a
success.
Dr. Mason wrote as follows:
�The Western Comrade
"My dear Miss Mary: For several days I've been intend~
ing to write to you, but I have never until now had time for
the lengthy letter I knew I must send you. It is, of course,
concerning Samuel. He is progressing beyond our most san~
guine hopes, and I am not sure but that you have sent us
a genius. The boys have gotten over regarding him as a
curiosity and treating him as 'company'; he is truly one of us.
A week ago when I addressed Convocation, just the day before
our team left on a week's football tour, I could feel those gray
eyes upon me every moment. The little boys had been allowed
to come over from prep school, for we believe in making them
feel that while they are not actually students in the University,
the knowledge they are gaining now is a foundation for greater
knowledge, and it is to them that we look for our future
students.
"Later in the day, I found that I had left my note-book in
the Auditorium, and on going back was amazed to find Samuel
playing the piano. Th~re was no one with him and he was
singing a song the like of which I had never heard before, all
deep throaty gutturals which are impossible to my vocal
organs. It was the first time I had ever heard him using his
native tongue. The accompaniment was weird in the extreme,
mostly a drum-drum of chords, but now and then a plaintive
little melody and marked throughout with absolute harmony.
Each verse ended in a wailing 'eeeeee' sung in a descending
chromatic which was truly wonderful. Is that a characteristic
ending to their songs? If so, I can readily understand the
terror of early settlers upon hearing such a sound in the dead
of night. The rendition by one small boy in daylight was suf~
ficient for me. When he had finished I asked him the name
of his song, and he gravely told me that it was one he had
made up. I, of course, wondered why he did not sing it
in English, but he replied that it was an Indian Good-bye song,
that the Indians always sang such songs when their friends
were leaving, and on their return they brought the singer
some gift, and he was singing to the football team! I confess then that I thought our work had 1:-een for naught.
Here was this little pagan wishing for some men who hardly
knew him to bring him back a gift. I am one who has to
know the worst, so I asked him what gift he desired.
Fiction
"May I never see such a look of pain on his face ag~in!
'The v'ictory of the team!' he answered me, using a phrase
I had used in my convocation address.
"Miss Mary, how many American boys could have been
more loyal? Indian though he may be, he is learning a lesson
which I trust will never fail him.
"I wish it were possible to teach the team the song in the
Indian language. I think it would be a most appropriate
'yell.' The English words are not so musical but interesting
enough when one knows the circumstances under which they
were sung. Samuel says that this is a faithful translation:
" 'Go to meet your enemies and fight,
We remain to hear good news,
Win the game and hurry home,
So we can light the bonfires and dance,'
"Instead of going back to my study, I took the child with
me to Professor Bucheim, and asked him to listen to the song.
Of course he could make nothing of the words, but he was
delighted, enraptured with the accompaniment. He has taken
him under his wing and Samuel has begun his music le&sons.
You may remember Professor Bucheim's broken English and
under such excitement it was more broken than ever as he assured me that he would teach him faithfully and pray unceasingly that the mechanical part of technique would not
kill the originality in the boy.
,
"So you see, Miss Mary, what I meant when in the beginning of this letter, I said perhaps you had sent us a genius.
Who knows but what this child may preserve for us the wild
free music of a race fast disappearing, preserving for us as it
really is, and not as an American would translate it for us.
"I can never thank you enough for sending this boy to me.
He is mine, and I mean to give him every opportunity that is
possible. I know that you will be interested in hearing about
him and I shall write you as often as I can do so.
"Trusting that your work is as congenial as you first found
James Mason."
it, I am, believe me, faithfuly yours,
And so it came about that the grey eyed little Indian boy
had at last found a real place among real friends, no longer
dependent on the whims of camp comrades, no longer called
different because of his eyes.
p i c k e t i n g t he R a n c he s
E. G. LaRose was despatched to San Francisco. He went into session with the union leaders and when he .came out he h<ld
the name of a revolutionary Japa nese. This militant son of
Nippon volunteered to organize the Japanese vineyard workers, and expects to do it.
Some of the big vineyards employ nearly 200 men in the
busy season. They want cheap labor, ever cheaper labor.
One is reported to have said "We are a $3,000,000 corporation
and in 35 years have never had a strike. We will fight to the
finish." But the unionizing has gone steadily on. Hindoo
leaders have sent the word out through their own mysterious
channels to stick tight for the new wage scale. Already the
unions have netted a general result of 25c an hour for farm
labor, though for an ostensible nine hour day that really takes
in ten hours. This is a wonderful gain over past conditions.
Can the Strikers Win?
The big factors in the fight will be the unions on one side
and on the other the California Associated Raisin Company,
The California Wine Association, and -the California Peach
Growers with the newly formed Valley Growers' Association.
But the first two organizations are manufacturers of wines
and brandies. In the ever-recurring fight between the wets
Page twenly·three
Continued from page eleven
and the drys the labor unions have stood ably by the wets. Can
these manufacturers afford to turn on labor in this new fight?
But besides the uncomfortable position these associations are
placed in there is a new factor to be considered. A factory
can be closed or the product made e!sewhere. But crops must
be harvested when ready. Last fall the raisin belt lost a million dollars by an early rain. Grapes and peaches must both
be picked at the critical time, or lost altogether.
The arrest of 50 strikers for carrying concealed weapons
was not 8erious. They were soon released on bail. But the
plans of the organizers are serious and far reaching. If the
workers ·can be housed and if competent organizers can be se~
cured, the new unions will prosper. There is perfect unanimity among the races. The Orient and the Occident have met
on a common footing, with a common demand for less work
and more wages, a chance to live decently, and the right to
enjoy some of the wealth which the workers create. At present
the Five Nations have won the major portion of their demands.
They have much to do to strengthen their position, to intrench .
against organized property, to equip themselves for defensive
and offensive warfare, to make their position impregnable.
The leaders say it can be done.
�T h e w ·e • I e r n
Page twenty-fou r
Remaking the Party In C.alifornia
Section 3 (c) The time allowed for voting shall be live weeks from the
mailing of the referendum.
Section 3 (d) The voles shall be delivered to and can~assed by the
local and the result thereof certified to the stale executive commillee by
the local sec retary and two other members.
Section 3 (e) Five days after the dosing of the vote shall be allowed
in which to fil e the returns with the secretary-treasurer. Votes received
the reaft er shall not be counted.
Sec tion 4 (a) Any local initiating a referendum may submit a statement
of not more than two hundred words, of its object and purpose which shall
be printed wi th the referendum.
Section 4 (b) If any abusive language is contained in initiative or
statement the motion shall become null and void.
Sec tion 4 (c) Names of locals initiating and seconding shall be publi. hed wi th the referendum.
Article 2.
The following majority repo rt was made on Article 2, Section I :
The membership in the Socialist Party shall consist of:
(a) Re~ ul a r membe rs. All registered Socialisto; all persons between
the ages of eighteen and twenty-one years, and all foreigners who have
decl ared their intentions to becoming citizens of the United States are
eligible to regular membershi p, provided they pay regularly in advance
the re4uired d ues.
(b) Associa te membero : all registered Socialists other than the regula r
membe rs.
(c) Right s and privileges of members : Regular members shali be privileged to pa rticipate in all party acti vities.
(d) Associate members shall be privileged to pa rticipate onl y in the
political ac ti vities of the party . (This fail ed to carry) .
The Minorit y report was read as follows:
Sec tion I. The membe rship of the Socialist Party shall consist of all
pe rso ns over the age of eight een yea rs who shall sign the pledge of membe rship requi red by the national constitution and shall be admitted by their
respec ti ve locals and pay the required dues . (Carried.)
PLEDGE
I. the undersigned. recognizing tire necessity of the workers orgamzong
themsel ves into a political party fo r the purpose of attaining industrial and
polatical democracy, hereby apply for membership in the Socialist Party .
I have no relation (as a member or supporter) with any other political
party.
Name........................ Occupation....
...... If member of a labor organization give name and number .......... ...... Street address...... .....
City
State __ _________ __ ___ Proposed by _______ ______ ___ Date _______ ____ ____ _ Amount paid $........... .
Received of ----···-· ······· $ ............ with application for membership in the
Socialast Pa rt y. Signed ............................ "
Sec tion 2. Theo·e shall be issued to each regular member upon admission
,. ,. ,.
If there was Qiscouragement over the history of the decline
in membership and lack of activity it disappeared when some
ta ngible pla ns for work and propaganda were offered to the
delegates who assembled with rather long faces and disheartened mein.
The convention listened in silence to the reading of the state
secretary's report. It was a fair presentation of the case but
the figures told the story of the decline of interest in the organized movement and pointed to the necessity for immediate
action if the party was to survive. That the delegates had
long realized the gravity of the situation was readily apparent.
That they were ready and eager for action was quickly shown
by their response when constructive, forward moving propositions were put before them.
(Continued from page 15)
a red membership card in the form prescribed by the executive CQJlUI\ittee.
Said card shall be signed by the local secretary, and in cue of. a membe.r a t
large by the state secretary-treasurer.
Article 3.
Section I. Five or more persons who have qualified as regular members
according to the provisions of this constitution may organize a local.
Section 2. (a) Socialist locals shall be orllanized without regard to political subdivisions. The jurisdiction of said locals shall be confined to the' ·
members thereof.
'The entire membership residing within any political ubdi,•ioion oi
the slate shall have charge of all purely political activi ty wi thin said
territory .
·The membership in one or more political subdivisions may, by majority
vole of the members within each district combine their political ac tivity.
Article 3, Section 2 (b) The secretaries of locals shall make q uarterly
reports of the financial standing, addresses and occupa tions of membef'
to the slate office.
Article 3, Section 2 (c) All referendums lo the sla te membership shall be
published in the slate bulletin, a copy of which shall be supplied to each
member.
Article 3, Section 2 (d) A monthly bulletin shall be issued by the stale
offoce and mailed all persons payi ng therefor a t the ra te of 25c per annum.
Article 3, Section 2 ( e) Locals shall hold a t leas t one business mee ting
each month .
Article 6
The power to grant and revoke cha rters shall be ves ted in the sta le
executive committee. Such ac tion being subjec t to re ferendum of the
regula r membership of the slate.
Article 7.
Sec tion I. ( a) The whole regula r pa rty membershi p shall be- classified
as to industries or occupa tio ns as fo llows: farme rs. miners. transpo rt a-
tion wo rkers, manufac turin g wo rkers, building trades . priniing trades,
store and service wo rk ers, professional workers and housekeepers, and
shall be so registered a t the sla te office.
Section I. (b) Those registered in each indu; trial or occupa tional group
shall elec t one member of the sla te executi ve committee.
Section I. (c) The person so elec ted by any such group shall be
the slate organizer for the group elec ting him and shall be subjec t to
instruction and to recall onl y by the members of his group and shall be
o ne o f the nine membe rs o f the sta le exec utive committee.
Sec tion 2. The slate sec reta ry- treasurer shall be appoi nted by the slate
executi ve committee. He may be removed by the sla te execu ti ve co:nmi llee
or a referendum vole of the membership.
Section 2 . No member shall be eligible to the stale exec uti ve committee
who has not been a membe r of the organizaion in good standing for at
leas t lwo years immedia tely preceding the date of nomination.
"Measures First" In California
fornia are waking up to the fact that there is a difference
between reform measures and those measures which protect
the workers and strengthen them in their determination to have
the whole loaf· by giving them a taste of one slice.
c 0 m r ad "
(Continued from page 13)
Even amon g those comrades who might have been expected
to cling to dogma and tradition was a distinc t cleavage and
many of those who have long bee n in the mo vement were delighted to see heart searchings and awa kenin gs where reactionary tendencies might have been expected.
With the solid alignment on constructive policies it was soon
apparent that a large majority of the delegates were ready
to abandon hide-bound doctrine and go ahead toward victory.
In many paragraphs the secretary's report was startlingly
significant of the failure of the old methods. "Although the
party revenue has been cut in two we have spent mo re money
on organization work and special propaganda during the past
six months than any corresponding period in years."
More money spent, and that it was spent with judgment and
discrimination no one doubted , yet the resul ts were pitifully
5mall. There was greater fall ing off in membership than ever.
'This points its own moral : The present organization a nd
party tactics are in many ways antiquated and reactionary; an
impediment to party growth."
�The
Western
Comrade
Page IWP.J1Iy-five
Propacanda
Nettles for P-oliticians
- - - HE Politician says: "If you want Socialism, vote for
it." The Co-operative Workers say: "If you want
Socialism, work for it."
·
_.:__
The great e<>mpetitive system is practiced ·by the
great majority of the people. It must be gradually t~ansmuted
and changed into a co-operative system.
Only as the workers turn to voluntary co-operation and
labor ownership of industries producing the necessaries of
life, may society hope to employ every worker at useful labor
who desires to work, abolish poverty, and enjoy permanent,
industrial peace and common prosperity.
The Industrial Revolution will be but the turning of labor
from the wage system under private capital ownership to collective ownership of industries by the workers themselves under voluntary co-operation (not including the great monopolized public utilities).
TI
It will be the great task and function of the Socialist Party
to socialize the public utilities, and to gain control of the taxing powers and police powers of the nation. In this great
work they will have the economic support of the co-operative
workers.
The impending Industrial Revolution will not be a revolution of force as so many fear (only political revolutions resort to force). Revolution is hardly the proper word; it will
be Evolution, desirable and peaceful. It is coming faster than
the political Socialists imagine; they could boost it a little
while they are waiting for the train to the ,next election, if
they would.
The "high cost of living" is due to organization. Nothing
more. It is not such a deplorable matter as many politicai
Socialists would make it appear. This is the station where
the co-operative workers of the world get off at_
The New Day
: - - -tHIS is the New Day! It behooves us to make resolu! tions not only out of thought for the improvement of
' individual character, but of social character as well.
___ Individual righteousness and social righteousness are
two different things. but they are closely related and should
not be separated. Each reinforces the other.
Certain principles should guide the making of c.ur resolutions
for greater social righteousness. More than these is impossible and less than these unthinkable to those with big hearts,
broad minds and the Great Social Vision.
Caste and class and hide-bound creeed are hateful things,
for they shackle the bodies and minds and souls of men. An
intelligent, faithful following of social righteousness demands
a program that will banish them from the earth.
Greatness does not consist in political preferment or ability
to lead men to murder on fields of battle. Social righteousness
holds up for admiration and emulation those who in prominent
or obscure activities add to the fulness and happiness of
T
By Cli n t o n B a n c r o f t .
By Edmund R. Brumbaugh
human life, and it has only scorn and contempt for those who
through lust for gold or glory, or both, empty life of its joy
and usefulness and possibilities.
Mere money-getting should not be considered a sign of merit
nor luck and cunning and trickery titles to public esteem.
Few will dispute this-with their lips and pens--but equally
few show their approval by their lives and works. An industrial system that exalts money-getting and luck and cunning
and trickery, rewarding a few with great riches and condemning many to great poverty, embodies the height of social
iniquity. And finally, we of the Socialist movement, must preserve its purity and integrity, allowing neither defeat nor
triumph to lead us astray. We must beware of compromise
and political trading. We have mighty principles to maintain,
and must not prove false to them either through ignorance or
indolence or deliberate disruptive intent. Much depends upon
it. Infinite improvement is at stake. Here is the final, most
vital feature of social righteousness.
Shall \Ve Do Something Different?
- - -LTHOUGH Socialist organization is 'at its lowest ebb,
there is a remar,kable wave of Socialist sentiment
in the land. Unless we are able to crystallize this
--~ Socialist sentiment, it will be absorbed and utilized
by some anti-Socialist mo~ement.
What shall we do to take advantage of this golden opportunity? Shall we continue to do as we have been doing?
Or, shall we do something different?
Shall we continue the hair splitting process, the last effort
of which divides "idealists" into "soft-headed" and "hardheaded idealists," presumably bone-headed?
Most Socialists understand well what killed the S. L. P.and the Socialist Party in California is little different to-day
than was the S. L. P. before 1900. Reading a text from the
master and then entering into devotional exercises may entertain the few who may be assembled, but it fails to reach
the multitude. If a Socialist does not agree with the war
program as hastily outlined by our national committee, he is
a traitor. The writer is not so sure there is nothing in our
1
I
A
By A. E. Briggs
civilization worth retaining, and if need be, fighting for.
A few years ago in Great Britain, conditions were similar
to those that exist here now. There was a Socialist Party
claiming to be very scientific, orthodox and sane. It, like
ours, was falling to impotency and rapidly growing smaller.
There, as in California, if one did not spell revolution with
two or more r's, he was bourgeoisie.
Kier Hardie and others, seeing the impotency of the S. P.,
organized the Independent Labor Party, and achieved it without a divine revelation or a creed, with a strong admixture
of Socialists, and this is today the Socialist Party of Great
Britain and recognized all over the world; while their old
S. P. is fulfilling the mission of a teaser, haggling over points
of doctrine and holding up their ideals.
If the S. P. of America does not rise to the occasion, become an efficient agency, and take care of the growing Socialist sentiment, then something must take its place.
The writer has wondered if the Socialist Party will not con(Continued on Page 29)
�Page twenty-six
Macazine
T he Western Comrade
Summ a ry
What Thinke'rs Think
The Substance of lnstrtfctive Articles 1n January Magazines
THE MASSES
This Beats War.-Murder is monotonous. The rehabilitation of Belgium is an idea such as ne ver occurred to Tamburlane or Caesar. Now
that the les;son is learned, it will not require a German invasion to rouse
us to this new adventu re.. All the wo rld is a Belgium in need of help.
And all the world can play the part of a magnificently helping America.
PEARSON'S
Crimes of Charity.-The object of the Charity investigators in New
York is to find out reasons and excuses why help should not be given.
If they prove soft hearted they lose their job and no one knows bette r
than they that poverty is a crime for which they will be terribly punished.
The trea tment to which the helpless poor are subjected is so - insulting
and cruel, tha t they a re temp ted to resort to crime to escape their
''charitable lormcntors.''- Konrad Bercovici.
The Miners' Union, A Doer of Big Deeds.-The Uni ted Mine.-Workers
Union is more to its members thttn politics, more than '1"eligion. It has been
School. Government. Chu rch. a nd University to vast numbers, and h as
performed all these functions better than the institutions that bear those
names. In seventeen years this union expended nearly twen ty-two million
dollors. In Illinois the Unions a re establishing co-operative stores. The~r
main ac ti vities include conferences wi th the operators backed by strikes,
whe reby wages and hours arc gradually improved, to prevent child labor
and educa te the children. to secure old age pensions and workmen's compensation ac ls.- A. M. Simons.
INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW
Our Benevolent Government.-The same bill which purports to gran t
American cit izenship to the people of Porto Rico, takes away the civil
righ ts that the people enjoy a nd possess. A property clause elimina tes
from the suffrage ninety per cent of the population. On the o ther hand,
no means are provided for the education of some 300.000 child ren so that
they too will be deprived of the right of franchise. The labor unions of
the country are growing quite r~pidly.-Nina Lane McBride
THE FRA
Detectives' Te:ttimony.-A boy arrested for a firs t offense was so beaten
and abused that he invented a lot of false testimony rather than meet
that "200 pound fist with his battered face again." That is the third
degree which produces the CONFESSIONS tha t send men to dea th. Tha t
is why every ci tizen who may be drawn on a jury should swear to
himself that he will never believe a word of testimony given by a policema n
or a detective. Some day this te rrible travesty called the third degree
may be visited on you and yours.- Fclix Shay.
THE SURVEY
Behind the Drums of Revolution. -ln Mexico the Sec re tary of Stale
and o ther State officers and Judges of he Supreme Bench, . men educated
in Paris and Berlin, arc strongly in favor of the nationalization of industries, government ownership, and o ther revolutio nary measures. The
minister of justice informed the magistrates taking oath that "we arc
condemning and rejecting all tha t has previously taken place, and that
there exist no laws or regulations which bind us to any definite procedure,
and that it becomes necessary to apply a strictly revolutionary spirit in
order that the administra tion of justice may fulfil the aspirations of
the Revolution. L1tely Carranza has receded from this position and the
Pan-American Federation of Labor is protesting.- John Murray.
AMERICAN REVIEW OF REVIEWS
England's "State of Mind."-An anonymous British soldier desc ribes
his feelings on revisiting Engla nd r.s those of a visitor among stra ngers
whose a ttentions were kindly but whose modes of though t he couiJ
nerther understand no r approve. They seem ashamed of the ideas which
sent us to France and for which thousands of sons and lovers have died,
and calculate the profits of the "wa r after the war,'' as though the
un_s~eak able agomes of the Somme were an item in a commercial propOSIIlon. The. people have chosen to make for themselves a n image of
\~ar, no t a~ 11 IS, but as an exciting and picturesque novelty. The soldrers. carrymg the load wi th aching bones, ha ting it and no t unconscious
of rts monslrosrty, b ut drmly hoping tha t by sho>~ldering it now they will
save others from rt m the future, look back with even an exaggerated
affeclr< ' to the blessmgs of peace. The people are divided in soul.
half rmply rr.g that o ur cause is the cause of humanity in general. and
of democracy m parllcular. yet not daring boldly to say so, lest la te r
they should be compelled to fulfil their vows."
THE WORLD'S WORK
Sleep for the Sleepless._:_Sieep is more imperative than food. In the
awful retreat to the Marne lasting nine days, men slept as they walked.
in water, on stones, or fell as dead in the middle of the road. Wounded
men with legs 'shattered, abdomen ·or chest tom wide open, s}_ept soundly.
Not a groan, not a motion, not a complaint--only sleep. Often it is
two days before they return from the abysmal oblivion of sleep to conscious suffering. Insomnia is no t a disease, it is a symptom, a fear, a habit.
Many people need little sleep and are better without it. In other cases
some stomach or eye conditio . . is the cause of the trouble. Great physical fatigue is best treated by a rub-down and a rest before going to
•leep. A neutral bath is a good sleep p roducer. Alcohol is a dangerous
recourse. It is futile to TRY to sleep ; better results can usually be a ttainod by making ones self comfortable in bed and d eciding to stay
awake. As soon as one ceases to make an effort the necessary relaxation occurs.-Charles Phelps Cush ing.
THE CENTURY
The Matter of the Eight Hour Day.-Mothernatically, if a man can dig
3 feel of trench in one hour, in eight hours he can dig 8 x 3. or 24 feet,
and in ten hours 30 feet. But the old arithmetic never included the toxin
of fatigue in its reckoning. When th~ poisoning of chronic exhaustion,
and the inspiration of recreation and prospe rity are added to the terms
of the ag reement, it works out in this way. In February, 1913, 16,000
men working ten hours, produced 16,000 Ford cars. In February, 1914,
15,800 men working eight hours produced 26,000 Ford cars. And these
results have been reproduced in many other factories. Apart from the
efficiency aspect the public has another inerest. A democracy depends
for its welfare upon the int{"lligence of its citizens. How can - a man
vote wisely if he has no time to read and discuss the questions of the
day? Moreover, chronic fatigue implies no t only ignorance in this generation but degeneracy in the next. Life is more than work. Work
performed by tired men is costly to society. -Mary Alden Hopkins.
THE INDEPENDENT
For Conscience Sake.-The English tribunals were so firmly persuaded
that a ll conscientious objectors were really cowards that they supposed
they would be giving satisfaction in merely relieving them from the dangers of war. After many of these men had undergone solitary confinement, dark cells, irons, bread and water, brutal iasults from officers,
and often gross physical ill treatment the courage a nd genuineness of
the victims reached the minds of even the densest militarists. Death
sentences have been commuted to ten years penal servitude and a general
mitigation of sentences is taking place. Thost who will accept work of
"national importance' are now reasonably safe, but those who demanJ
real freedom of conscience arc still kept in prison, and "it is impossible
for me to withdraw from the agi tation anq enter into a ny compact witn
the government until they are set at liberty ." In the e nd it will have
been established that belief in the brotherhood of man is not in itself
a crime.- Berlrand RusselL
T HE ATLANTIC
The Insane Root.-"Human Nature" is not responsible for the war. It
is a vast exhibition of insanity, the negation of all ideas, moral or immoraL
The problems involved, if they had concerned six intelliRent individuals.
might have been settled in a few minutes over a pipe of tobacco. Yet
the Sta les have sacrificed forty-one million men, in dead and wounded, in
two years. It was in the wo rld of State relations that the present war
was begun, and the disaster was the result of the fact that the States
are o rganized as fighting units. The reason that civilized individuals do
not settle their disputes by force is that they are not allowed to carry
arms.-l.. P. J acks.
The Symphony.-ln music the various properties or slates of the human
being a re expressed in their essence, detached from all · actual manifestation. Your na tu re is freed a nd your soul disencumbered of your body,
and you rise to a world of pure imagination where there is no locality.
We have always sough t a four th dimension and have always had it
- in music. The child has a na tural taste for music, but in some of us
it has been allowed to lapse; so our first duty is to our children. But
children and grown-ups should seek every opportunity of hearing good
music, and allowing the music itself to increase their susceptibility little
by little. Here is the music; h ere is the person. It was created of
him and for 1\im. It is inconceivable without him. It is his spirit coming
pac~ to him purified. -Thomas Whitney Surette.
�The Western Comrade
Page twcnty-se~en
Macazine Summary
THE PUBLIC
Army Man Condemns Militarism.-Major Wm. C. Harlee testifying before a committee of the Senate said that the military caste system and
barracks life destroy the fighting qualities in men, and officers invariably
prefer new men when there is real work to be done. N poleon destroyed
caste in the army because he saw that it .injured the business. There
was no caste in the citizen army of the 60's. He opposed universal or
compulsory service or any other than that rendered by willing ·men.
A soldier can be trained in a few weeks- to fight. The real problem
is the development of new leaders. Promoting rifle practice among
civilia~s is desirable.
..You can't oppress a people who know how to
shoot.
McCLURE'S
Taking the Tariff out of Politics.-There a re more than four thousand
items in a tariff schedule, and the public is terribly bored by tariff disc ussions. There is a loud call for a permanent non-partisan ta riff commission of experts, that shall .. take the tariff out of politics,.. This admirable plan seems so simple. Why has it never been thought of before ?
It has been ; the suggestion is nearly as old as the ta riff. The present
administration has done something like this fo r the currency system. ' If
the tariff can be as well handled, the results may be equally as farreaching.-Edward J. Wheeler.
EVERYBODY'S
Whose Open Door ?-T he door that :s opened in China today is the
door of forceful aggression . Japan and Russia both know how to use
their diplomatic influence at Pek in to preven t the opening of any door
in China which it does not suit them to have open. America has given
convincing evidence that we will not fight for the ..Open Door, .. and it
no longer matters what we say. Meanwhile China has lost her fiscal
freedom, her financial freedom, and her judicial freedom. J apan is de-
!ermined to secure the commercial domination of China and thinks it
necessary to first secure the political control. However, China never ' having learned to develop her resources is living in a state of chronic
starva-t ion. If Japan installs the machinery for a reorganization, the vast
flood let loose by such development will sweep every shore of every
ocean. It looks as if it might be profitable for us as well as healthful
fo r China, to help Japan into the China shop.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
The Art Museum and the Public.-A person may be taught to paint
up to a certain point and if he has certain gifts; but only from art itself can he learn appreciation. He must look a t the actual things of beauty,
and look and look again until they become their own interpreters. All
men have an equal right to spiritual activities and society needs that the
opportunity for such activities should to all men be given. The large
museums are necessary but the small and specialized collections have an
a tmosphere that canno t be achieved in a great museum. What is needed
is a nation-wide app reciation of the value of visual instruction as afforded
by museums, the formation of the .. museum habit.'' In the Middle Ages
the poorest lived amid beauty tha t they themselves had produced, beauty
that they owned. We have almost no means of gaining this training.
- Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselear.
THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
Those Guarantees for Permanent Peace.-Solemn treaties are mere paper,
armed guards and crushing cash indemnities keep alive a passion for revenge. Has there ever been a method that succeeded ? The Treaty of
Ghent, which closed the war betwen this country and Great Britain, contained no clause to humilia te either party, and was followed by the RushBaa! a rrangement which disarmed absolutely the frontier between the U. S.
and Canada. The result was a hund red years of limitless peace and prosperity. ..Where nobody's loaded no thing explodes ...- Edward Berwick.
Reviews of Recent Radical Books
"The New Social Structure,'' by Caroline A. Lowe.
A concise sta tement, based on conservative historical data, of the fact
tha t the constitution of the United States was a capitalist document, designed to .. keep down the turbulence of democracy,.. and .. to show the
weight of aristocracy.'' In the process of evolution government was fi rs t
handled by the .. strong man,.. later by the a ristocracy, later still the thi rd
estate, the bourgeosie, took a hand, and now it is the turn of the fourth
estate, the working class, the great ..common people, .. to come into their
own. These must learn that if they all a rise together to take possession
o f the wealth they have created, none will remain to drag them down.
Caroline Lowe quotes Lincoln to the effect that a majority of any people
may revolutionize, putting down a mino rity, to establish a government
that suits them better.
"The Life of Father Haire"
Father Haire, after an adventurous early life. became a Catholic priest,
and then gave up the charge of the cathed ral in Detroit to go to the front ier in the Dako tas. He embraced Socialism, became a very influential
political leader without weakening in his religious views, gave the sta te
the initiative and referendum. and advocated woman suffrage and p rohibition. He edited a paper and his editorials were masterpieces o f a rgument
and bitter invective against evil things, but never against persons. The
life of Father Haire disproves several fallacies and gives room for new
ideas in the minds of thinking men, especially this one, that the Socialist
Party is a political party, and as such has no concern with religion except
to protect citizens in freedom of conscience. Eugene V. Debs said of him:
.. Father Haire was a true follower of Jesus Christ, a real Socialist and
lo ver of his fellow men, and as noble a so ul as ever dwelt in a tenement
of clay." Published by the Socialist P arty, Sisseton, S. D. ; 10 cents.
"Democracy and Despotism," by Walter Thomas Mills
Some form of government is the only way in which the collective interests of the community can be handled, and the desires and intentions of
the majority of the people must be the standard to be attained. The
argumt!!ll that the just and intelligent people are always in the minority
does not apply because the just and intelligent people are rarely those
holding special privileges, and hence never belong to the ruling minority,
though this last always tries to disguise itself so as · to be mistaken for
the just and wise group. Every citizen of the United States is a sha reholder
in the richest and most powerful corporation on earth, and the machinery
has gradually been developed by which the citizens, acting co -operatively,
could control this corporation in such a way as to get each and all
their respective share of the d ividends, but this must be d one by ignoring
the machinery which has been built up by the small minority of special
privilege, and using the democratic machinery of the initiative, referendum,
and recall. As soon as the majo rity of the citizens pledge themselves to
stop the political career of any public servant who refuses to promote the
interests of the democracy as against the despotism of the minority of
special privilege, and seriously .exert their power, they will cease to be
the special victims of these special privileges. It is necessary to begin
with the smaller offices of the municipality and build up an organization
which can enlarge its activities into State and National a ffairs. This book
a very clear and thoughtful statement, and most of the recommendations
it makes are now being demonstrated at Llano.
A New Booklet on Jack London
Emanuel Julius, autho r of ..The Colo r of Life,.. is issuing a new booklet
on Jack London, which should be o f immediate interest because of the
recent death of the no ted novelist.. The author was fo rtunate enough to
inte rview J ack London while he was in Los Angeles. What he told Emanuel Julius will be specially engaging. London rumina tes on art, literatu re,
Socialism. and o ther commanding topics. He expresses his opinions in a
lively manner. In addition to the interview with Jack London the booklet
contain. two essays. One is entitled "Democratizing the Nice Stuff," and
tells what art and literature mean to modern radicals. The second essay
is called .. The Reward of Genius... It treats the subject in an original
manner. The autho r shows wha t poverty and social injustice do to the
creative spirit. He also shows the way out. Published by the author,
Box 125, Girard. Kansas ; 20 cents a copy, three for 50 cents .
Tell the Comrade
if you don't gel you r paper. Make all remittances, complaints, and subscriptions direct to the WESTERN COMRADE. This office cannot be responsible in o ther cases. Don' t ask the Membership department to do
this for you. Please write to the WESTERN COMRADE direct.
Non Resident Readers.-When you have any requests, any information,
want samples, certain numbers, bundles, o r wish to change your address,
make complaints, or send subscriptions, write a separate letter and direct
it to the WESTERN COMRADE, not to any individual, or any other
department. When sent to o ther departments or individuals, or in letters
with other business, they are likely to be delayed. You will confer a
genuine favo r on the Llano publications by observing this rule, and also
~e~4re ~r~ater satisfac tion.
�Page twenly-eighl
The We s I e r n Co m r,a de
A Vf oman's Appreciation of tlano
(Continued from Page 21)
material and make the foundation for a real •man or . woman.
Here the budding man has a chance to learn the joy of real
work. Here the boy is taught to construct his own home, build
his own bed, and how soft that bed will feel when he lies in
it for the first time-tired, but proud, because he made it-it
is his.
While he is sawing lumber he is learning to compute it in
feet, he is learning dimensions and much more. Then he has
the farm with all its problems to take care of. The chickens
and goats are much more apt to get good care when he knows
they are all his. In the garden work, he is finding himself
interested in going a little deeper into botany, or biology. He
goes on and on, from one absorbing subject to another, until
before he realizes it, he knows something, apd instead of its
being a grind he has enjoyed himself. ·
These boys and girls have self-government and hold parliamentary meetings every Friday and judge, and are judged by,
each other. They soon learn in the atmosphere of love and
work that to deceive or lie gets them nothing but scorn from
their fellow workers, but to work for the love of the work is the
only thing. "And no one shall work for money, and no one
shall work for fame, but each for the joy of working, and
each , in his separate star. shall draw the thing as he sees it,
for the God of things as they are!"
So I found the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. And
like all discoveries, a bit disappointing until proved, that to
work was happiness, and that happiness was to work, but to
work for others was the supreme happiness of all. And at the
last analysis we must acknowledge that we are all striving for
happiness. And where under the canopy of heaven, dear
sisters, will you find a gra nder opportunity of helping your
fellow men , than in building a n ideal community at Llano?
Showing the doubting world, that idealism still exists, that
thoughts are living things, that you are exponents of service
for others, happiness to yourselves, and radiating a love that
extends to the farthest corners of the world.
hand any normal human being who starts in to make something
would rather make it well than badly, as a matter of personal
dignity. If we can get at the producer and tell him that we
are willing to pay him a reasonable price for the article, a
price which will sa feguard his interests, provided he brings it
up to a certain standard and that the intermediary profits are
cut out, the transaction will not only be materially profitable
to both parties, but all the demoralizing and degrading features
of commercial life will be avoided. ·
Having arranged to obtain their supplies the next thing is
to handle them. The store must be established in a strategic
position, equipped with every labor saving device, and the
delivery system handled as a unit and in the most economical
way. The enormous economy realized by cutting out the
middleman and the duplication of plant and stock, would make
it possible for any community to establish such a system on
the highest plane of efficiency.
Having the store centrally located it becomes desirable
to have all the other public services grouped in the same neighborhood. The time wasted under the modern system of
spreading cities over enormous tracts of land, largely undeveloped and held for speculative purposes, is wasteful in
many ways, but especially in time. The time consumed in
transportation nowadays, if it could be converted into a period
of recreation or education would transform many persons' lives
. incredibly. Not to mention the nerve strain connected with
the catching, and missing, of cars,and the noise and jolting of
the yehicles themselves.
With the banks and post office, the professional offices,
clubs, industrial buildings and recreation halls, all centered
in one locality, the civic life is bound together wjth closely
interlacing ties, and there is the -further co-operative feature
that all these activities are owned in common, and administered
by collective effort and c<;msent. One fundamental feature of a
Socialist community should be that all forms of entertainment and amusement should be free alike to each individual.
There is probably no one thing in the competitive world that
is so injurious to society as the fact that the poor are cut off
from all but the coarser and more degrading forms of amusement. That they are often unable to appreciate "highbrow"
recreation is the result of the deprivation of childhood opportunity. European crowds have no difficulty in enjoying classical concerts, museums, picture galleries and choral societies.
But their eyes have been trained from childhood to an e.nvironment saturated with the treasures of antiquity, and their ears
are accustomed to the best music in the parks and churches.
The little child absorbs mental food as easily and naturally as
he absorbs physical food, and if in America he grows up
brutalized and unreceptive to high class entertainments, it is
only because "his betters" do not think it worth while to give
him the necessary opportunities for development when he is
young. Right social relationships are the highest product of
human thought and reason, but they need a carefully reasoned
environment in which to be produced. That they have failed
so far to express themselves efficiently, is partly the result of
casual and unrelated civic development and construction . In
Llano we are going at these things in a business like way, and
expect to get commensurate results.
Education for Freedom (Conlinu~d-f;om P. 18)
etc., in connection with their very practical work in the field .
The theory of poultry culture is taught by tending poultry,
under the direction of an instructor.
Biology is part of our school curriculum. In this study the
boys and girls learn about the destructive insect pests of
the garden, orchard and farm by hunting for them on the
trees and plants. Last summer, one small boy could classify
a n insect, and it was a source of pleasure to see this near-baby
hunting assiduously for cabbage worms and the beautiful white
butterflies which lay the eggs. In time, he had collected
several specimens and had found the entire life stages of the
cabbage white butterfly. from egg to butterfly. He knows at
what time to attack this insect to kill it, for he learned by observation that in the worm or larvre stage this insect breathed
through pores in its sides and any substance that would close
these pores, such as ashes, road dust, etc., would suffocate it.
The studies of science are seldom made comprehensible.
By combining study with work, we are able to hold the
child's attention which is not possible under the book system.
As the young mind gradually evolves and grasps the significance of life, a wonderful change takes place. He observes
small details that totally escape the notice of many men and
women. Imbued with a desire to know why. the child develops
a receptive scientific mind. With this desire created, there is
no ~ciem:e, trade , or art which he cannot master.
�The
Western Co'mrade
The Spirit of Llano
(Continued from Page 20)
labor ti~e is reduced. Man can, if he will, preserve his health.
Mothers need not labor; they thus can give their strength to
the race that is to be. Hence the children •born to a full
heritage of strength may enjoy equal opportunities with those
of equal capacity. And those men and women who are ignorant of life and its laws need not remain so, as there is time
to learn and there are men and women willing to teach mankind the way to the "great physician Nature," whose stimulants
are sunbeams, whose tonics are breezes, whose dietetics include all that is wholesome from orchard and garden, from
field and stable.
Llano is a garden of optimism whose flowers are laughter
and whose perfume is joy. Optimism is a creator, pessimism
is a destroyer. Pessimism is a weed in the garden of Llano.
The co-operators do not allow it to survive.
Hence the environment of co-operation makes for growth
and health. In itself it is a prevention, and often a cure for
disease.
Shall We Do Something Different?
(Continued from
Page 25)
tinue to fiddle over non-essentials while capitalism completes
the chains of despotism which it is forging or until a labor
party takes up the work well begun by the Socialist Party.
This is the day of our opportunity. To-morrow may be too
late.
Those who organized the Labor Party in England were denounced as traitors to Socialism and betrayers of labor, but
the Socialist Party there had become so select and "scientific"
that their denunciation aided, rather than retarded, the growth
of the Labor party. This movement attracted a large number
who thought they were non-Socialists, but have been welded
into the Socialist movement. This is a plan that might lead
people to Socialism. The old plan was to drive them.
Socialists in the unions are opposing the organization of
a labor party. Are they acting in the best interest of the
social revolution?
If a labor party be organized on a plan broad enough to
represent the interests of the 90 per cent, all hell and all of
capitalism cannot" defeat it.
The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is in the market for Firs, Prunes,
Peaches, l"laisins, etc. . You can assist in puttinr us in touch with those
who bave them.
The LLANO [)EL RIO COLONY is at present in need of
10 tons of Alfalfa Seed; A Carload of Wheat; Dairy Cows and
Range Stock; Angora and Milk Goats; Tanning Outfit; Contracts to put up Alfalfa on Shares; Many Other Things.
Vfe are now in a position to make immediate use of man:r articles
and machines which have not been practicable for us heretofore.
You are invited to correspond in rerard to the needs listed above.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY, LLANO. CAL.
Owned by the Llano del Rio Colony, and driven by residents.
1
I
LOS ANGELES STAGES
Leave Llano and Los Angeles at 10 a. m. daily. Los Angeles stage
takes on passengers at the Llano offices at 924 Higgins Building.
PALMDALE STAGE
meets the 10.47 train from Los Angeles, reaching Llano at 12
o'clock. Leaves Llano every morning at 7.40.
Photo Post Card Views of Llano
The WESTERN COMRADE has secured some magnificent views of Llano and her industries which have
been made up into postcards. Some of them have
appeared in the WESTERN COMRADE. but most of
them have just been taken especially for postcards.
Included in the list are:
View from hotel, looking south.Lime kiln (two)
Hotel, looking east
Football team
Pigs and pens
The damsite
Chickens and turkeys
Dairy barn
Mountain stream and canyon North section of Llano
Sawmill (different views)
Llano boulevard
Bird's eye view of Llano
Swimming pool
Rabbitry (several views)
Bakery
Irrigation scene
Cannery
Livestock
Mountains
Woods
Industrial scenes
Alfalfa fields
Various Llano products.
Cows
Industrial school
MonleS5ori school
Many other assorted cards.
The rate is 5 cents each or 55 cents a dozen. We
pay postage. Every person interested in Llano should
have a dozen of these cards. Send your orders direct to
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
Old Ingrain, Bru..els, Moquette and Velvet rugs and carpets can be
re-woven into rugs suitable for any home.
Rag Carpets, Rugs, and
Art Squares also woven, every size and style. Write for prices. ·
We pay freight one way ISO miles on orders of $5.00 and up.
Ship to the RUG DEPT., LLANO DEL RIO CO., PALMDALE, CAL.
------------ - -
--
COMRADES AND FRIENDS OF THE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY
can be of great assistance if they will send to the Membership Department
lists of names of persons who are likely to become interested. Literature
and letters will be sent to any one upon request. Installment members
are urged to give this their a llen lion.
MaiD 619
Home A 2003
Tdephone Home A-4S33
A. J_ STEVENS
DENTIST
HARRIMAN & L;EVIN
AttorHJa at Law
Hiaina
Colony StageS
I
New Rugs from Old Carpets
Installment Members:
921
. .
306 South Broadway, Lo. Aqele.. CaL
R- Sl4
BuiLiq
·,
1
�Th e W e s t e r n C omr a de
Page thirty
S
Law Book Free
TUDY LAW. and become the man of power in your community. The farmen of North Dakota captured the Stale
Government. and found that they needed ·law-trained men in
office to fight the big interests which have their lawyers in the
Legislature to make their laws, and in the Courts to defend
and interpret them. There are opportunities awaiting YOU.
Get ready for them- study Law at home in your spare time.
We prepare you for the Bar examination. Gua rantee bond for
refund of money if dissatisfied. Degree o f LL. B. conferred.
Hundreds of successful students enrolled. Fourteen-volume Law
Library upon en rollment. Low cost-easy terms. Be independent. Be a Leader. Write today fo r free law book- "Law and
the People."
THE PEOPLE'S COLLEGE, Dept. D,
FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.
Do You Weigh Too Much?
My successful treatmen t- "OBESITY. ITS CAUSE AND CORRECTION"- will take off excess flesh. One user reduced from ISO
to 117 pounds easily and found improved health. No Medicines
o r drugs are used.
COMPLETE $ 5.00 COURSE NOW ONLY $3.00
Mrs. C. M. Williams, Llano, California.
Reduced Freight Rates
on Shipments of
Household Goods
from all Eastern points
to California
Members of the Llano del Rio Colony will 6nd it especially
advantageous to make their shipments through the
J UDS0 N Freight Forwarding Co.
443 Marquette
640 Old South
Boatmen's Bank
8SS Monadnock
bldg,
bldg,
bldg,
bldg.
Chicago; 324 Whitehall bldg, New York ;
Boston ; 43S Oliver bldg. Pittsburg; IS37
St. Louis ; 518 Cent ral bldg, Los Angeles;
San Francisco. WRITE NEAREST OFFICE.
To Friends of the Llano Colony
Many misleading and untrue statements are being circula ted
about this Colony and its affairs.
We have just issued a leaflet signed by 130 residents and attested
by No tary public. concerning what we have.
We call on our friends to send fo r as many leaflets as they c.an
d istribute fo r us, o r to send the names of those to whom we may
mail them. Write at once.
Membership Department, Llano del Rio Colony.
Llano, California
Comrade Subscription and Book List
THE LLANO COLONIST; One Cent a Week. Fifty Cents a Year.
THE WESTERN COMRADE; Fifty Cents a Year. Six Months 2Sc.
After May 1 ; 75c a yeor, 40c six months, tOe a copy.
BOTH: Present rate, 75c a year; After May 1, $1.00 a year.
CANADIAN RATES : LLANO COLONIST : 2c a week; $ 1.00 a yea r.
WESTERN COMRADE : 75c a year; Aft er May I. $1.00 a year.
BOTH : $1.50 a yea r ; Alt,er May I. $2.00 a year.
50 cent list:
COMBINATION OFFERS
Choice of the LLANO COLONIST or the WESTERN COMRADE with
National Rip-Saw o r American Socialist
............... 7S
Appeal to Reason or lntcrnatioml Socialist Review........$1.2S
Pearson's Magazine or The Masses ................................ J.7S
.. ...... .4.2S
Milwaukee Leader (daily) .
( Canadian subscribers add 2Sc fo r each monhly and SOc lo r tach
weekly in these combinations)
BUY YOUR BOOKS FROM THE WESTERN COMRADE
$1.50 list:
Anarchism and Socialism, Geo. Plechano ff; Art of Lecturing, Arthu r
M. Lewis; Class Struggles in America, A. M. Simons ; Doin~ us
Good-and Plenty, Charles Edwa rd Russell; Ethics and the Materialist Conception of History, Karl Kautsky : The Evolution of Man,
Wm. Boelsche ; Tbe Law of B:ogenesis, J. Howard Moore ; The Positive School of Criminology, Ernest Ferri ; Socialism for Students,
Joscph E. Cohen ; The Struggle between Science and Superstition,
Arthur M. Lewis; Value, Price and Profit, Karl Marx; What's So and
What Isn't, J ohn M. Work.
A~cienl Society, Lewis H. Morgan ; Barbarous Mexico, J ohn Kenneth
Turne r ; His I~ of the Great American Fortunes, Gustavus Myers ;
The Visioning, Susan Glaspell.
$1.00 list:
Principles of Scientific Socialism, Chas. H. Vail; The Commonsense
of Socialism, J ohn Spargo.
Economic Determinism, or the Economic Interpretation of HistorY,
Lida Parce; God and my Neighbor, Robert Blatchford ; Industrial
Problems, N. A. Richardson; Prince Hacen, Upton Sinclair ; Savage
Survivals in Higher Peoples, J . Howard Moore ; Stories of the Great
Railroads, Chas. Edw. Russell ; Tboucbts of a Fool, Evelyn Gladys;
Lon's Coming of Age, Edward Carpenter; The Abysmal Brule,
J ack London.
$2.00 list:
The Ancient Lowly, C. Osborne Ward; Capital, A Critique of Political Economy, Ka rl Marx (3 volumes, $6. Sepa rately at $2 each)
25 cent list:
10 cent list:
The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels; Revolution, Jack Londo n ; The Righi to be Lazy, Paul Lafargue ; The Socialists, Who
They are and What they Stand for, J ohn Spargo; The Strenrth of
the Strong, J ack London.
THE WESTERN COMRADE, Llano, California
�Pag~ thirty-one
The Western Comrade
Get Your Local or Your
Union to Order
job Harriman's address to the jury at the close of the Schmidt
trial. If you had read the evidence or had listened to the
I rial you would not. ask
Was Schmidt Guilty?
because the evidence so overwhelmingly proves that he is not.
It is the story of the real conspiracy that sent Schmidt to
jail for life.
(Testimony from witnesses Clark , Dugan, and McManigal
was admitted.)
"Dugan! Who is Dugan? He is a self-confessed felon.
He was expelled from the . Iron Worke;s Union. He is the
Dugan who shot and killed his wife and daughter in
Indianapolis."
"McManigal is a self-confessed murderer. The prison
doo rs were opened, this criminal McManigal shook of! his
chains, walked out , was given $1000 by the County of
Los Angeles, and told to g9 his way in peace."
Every Union Man should lea rn how he may fare in the so-called
impartial courts. Any of them may gel wha t Schmidt got.
Every Socialist who wants first hand evidence of capitalist controlled cou rt proceedings should have this for propaganda.
Every Fair-Minded Person honestly seeking informa tion and lov ing justice should read this tale of a dishonest conviction.
When Capitalism Desires a Conviction It Gets It. Read how it
can be secured. The newspapers never told these things.
Why? Did yo u know the real facts about this case? You'll
wonder if the McNama ras we re really guilty and you 'II wonder why they confessed.
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS AT ONCE
Single Copies 25c. Quantity Rates to Locals and Unions.
TheWestern Comrade, Llano, Cal.
Send a Cent a Week
This is the Subscription Oller the LLANO COLONIST makes for a short time
If you ·are interested in the LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY
take the subscription of the man who asks you about it or who seems
inte rested.
Figure subscriptions at ONE CENT A WEEK. Thus, IOc pays for 10
weeks, 17c pays for 17 weeks, 25c for 25 weeks, 33c for 33 weeks.
The LLANO COLONIST gives the news of co-operatives everywhere,
and is devoted particularly to the LLANO DEL RIO COLONY, the greatest
and most complete co-operative enterprise in the United States.
THE LLANO COLONIST (Weekly); Fifty Cents a Year (Canada $1.00)
With the COMRADE, 75c a: year. After May I, $1.00
HELP BOOST THE CIRCULATION TO 25,000 BY JULY I, 1917.
The Llano Publications, Llano, California.
The Western Comrade will be.75c
After May lsl.
Increasing costs of production make necessary a raise in rates.
Beginning with May 1st, 1917, the Colony's third birthday, the
subscription price of the WESTERN COMRADE will be 7Sc a
year. Single copies, JOe.
·
·
The rate for the LLANO COLONIST will remain at SOc a year.
Combina tion of both to one name and address, $!.00 a year.
Subscription cards sold prior to May I will be redeemed at
the present rate if used before July I.
Canadian rates will be $1.00 a year fo r either the COMRADE
or the COLONIST. Combination rates for the Llano Publications
will not be made outside the U. S.
Costs continue to go up. The WESTERN COMRADE is too
good a magazine to be sold a SOc a year. The increased rate
will permit making improvements. Friends of the Colony, all
who are interes ted in co-ope ra tioa, and those who can discriminate between the constructive method of teaching Socialism and
the pessimistic method, are urged to do all within their power
to ex tend the ci rculation. The LLANO PUBLICATIONS have a
definite place in Socialist propaganda wo rk . They tell the tale
of Co-operation in Ac tion, the most absorbingly interesting story
ever told. The man you have failed to interest in Socialism, the
man who sco ffs, the man who "doesn't believe it will work"these fellows will gladly read of the greatest co-operative demonstration in history.
Subscribe or extend your subscription at once . . \..1r~c your
fri ends to do so. Con test wo rkers should buy ca rds a t once to
be used during the contest.
CLASSIFIED ADS
Rates : 25c a line for one insertion; 15c a line thereafter.
to the line. Advertising payable in advance.
WANTED-CAMERAS.
Twelve words
THE WESTERN COMRADE WOULD LIKE
to ge t a few good cam ~ ra s of standard sizes for renting purposes.
WANTED- GAS ENGINES, 6 TO 12 H. P. STATE MODEL, DESIGN,
name, age, condition, and give full description. WESTERN COMRADI:..
WANTED- SECOND-HAND MULTIGRAPH. GIVE YEAR AND MODEL.
i\1us t be in first class condition; wi ll accept as payment on membership
fee. Membership Dept ., Llano, Cal.
WANTED- OFFICE EQUIPMENT OF ALL KINDS ; DESKS, TYPEwriters, filin g cabinets, and general equipment. Communicate with the
Western Comrade Office, Llano, Californi a.
WANTED- TYPEWRITERS FOR THE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. Write
in care of the Western Comrade.
SHEEP WANTED--THE COLONY DESIRES TO OBTAIN SHEEP. ADdress communica tions to Frank L. Wright, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano. Cal.
WANTED- - MOVING PICTURE PROJECTING MACHINE. COMMUNIca te with the Membership Department, Ll~no del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED- BUTCHER WITH ICE MACHINE FOR THE MEAT DEpa rtment. Communicate wi th the Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED.:_TWENTY FIVE LEGHORN ROOSTERS. MUST BE PURE
blood and first class stock. Will exchange pure bred white leghorn
roosters. Write to Geo. T. Pickett, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
WANTED- OLD INGRAIN AND BRUSSELS CARPETS. ALSO WHITE
and colored rags for rug material. Ru g department, Llano del Rio Colony.
WANTED-TOOLS AND OTHER EQUIPMENT FOR THE INDUSTRIAL
training depa rtmen t at the Junior Colony. Hammers, saws and carpenter
tools of all kinds, as well as tools and equipment for other trades.
Address George T . Pickett, Llano, California.
WANTED- EXPERT SEED AND BULB GROWER. SHOULD BE 'FAmiliar _:,ith California desert soil and climate. Llano del Rio Colony.
WANTED-ATHLETIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE GYMNASIUM TO BE
installed at the Junior Colony. Communicate with Geo. T. Pickett, Llano.
FOR SALE.- BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS, AND
Flemish Giants. We can supply all ages up to eight monrhs. For further
information address Rabbit Department, LlanQ.. del Rio ·-Colony, Llano •. Cal.
�Has Your .. Town Ever
Done Anything for You?
Did it ever provide you with employment? Did it ever concern itself- with your welfare? Did it ever
look after your health? .Did it ever make ~ny provision for your family in case of your death or disablement? Did it ever offer you anything for old age? Did it ever give you the things you need at cost?
Did it ever guarantee you good wages? Qid it ever permit you any choice of employment? Did it ever
give you freedom of speech and..action? Has it ever earned your gratitude or loyalty in any way? Are
the ideals of those who control your city the same as yours?
Llano is owned by Socialists.
them.
It is governed by
Llano owns two stage lines and runs three stages.
Llano owns every public utility in common.
Llano owns cattle, horses, hogs, chickens, turkeys,
rabbits, bees, goats.
Llano has a municipal bakery and commissary; it
owns its baths and barber shop, its hotels and
machine shop.
Llano is a delightful place to live. Most of its
citizens could not be prevailed upon to leave under any voluntary consideration.
Llano owns a cannery, raises its own garden truck,
and provides pure food for its citizens.
Llano has a delightful climate.
Llano owns its dairy.
and stock ranges.
It has orchards and fields
Llano people are happy, free, progressive, and
thoughtful.
Llano has scores of advantages not to be found
elsewhere.
Llano plans to build a beautiful city.
Llano owns a lime kiln, a sawmill and stone that
may be quarried.
Llano educates its children in its own schools.
Llano has room for you.
live at Llano?
Wouldn't you like to
Llano owns its woodyard, its farm implements, its
industries of all kinds.
You can buy a membership on the installment plan.
It offers you a home you can be proud of in an
environment congenial to any Socialist of constructive mind. Every Socialist should invest>
gate the advantages that Llano has to offer. It
is "Co-operation in Action," a realization of the
things you have dreamed of and worked for.
Llano has its own transportation serv1ce and its
own warehouse.
Llano will win your enthusiasm if you believe in
LIVING the thingf you believe in.
Llano gives free medical service to its citizens.
Llano has free dances and entertainments and provides plenty of music.
Llano takes care of its sick residents.
We Want the Names of Your Friends So We Can Send Them Our New Leaflet "Llano del Rio Colony A
Succeu"-Send For As Many As You Can Diskibute.
SEND
FOR THE "GATEWAY TO FREEDOM"
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-02
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
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Social and Propaganda Number
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-02
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n10_191702
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2018-07-31
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n10
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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Picketing the Ranches
Remaking the California Party
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
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Text
t l./ :& ~\'J1
1
I
I
I
.
January 1917
Something New in the
Progress of the
Socialist Movement
Read the Impressive Proposition ·
Offered in the Editorial by
-
Job Harriman
Scenery About Llano
By R. K. Wi IIi a ma
Declaration of
Industrial
Independence
By C I i n t o n B a n c r o f t
Agricultural and Horticultural Number
:-- I '
�The
To Freedom
Gateway
J
.
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is situated in
the beautiful Antelope valley in Los Angeles County, California. The Colony lies close to the Sierra Madre range
where an abundance of clear; sparkling water from mountain
springs is sufficient to irriga te tho usands of fertile acres.
The .
climate is mild and delightful, the soil is fertile, and markets are
not far distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, a nd
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the
needs of the colonists, with pe rhaps something to sell -when the
Colony has grown.
LLANO OFFERS YOU .ESCAPE FROM
T
HE electric ligh t bill, the water bill, the doctor's bill, the drug
Lill, the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
\,ill, t~ c school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fore, the annoya nce of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greater a nd smaller burdens on the householder, and the lean weeks caused by disemploymenl a nd the consequent fear o f the future. There is no landlord and no rent :,
cha rged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and clothing, the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
the clothing b ill, the laundry Lill, the bu tche r's bill. and other
inevitaLie a nd multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he has no lear. The colony
officials attend to the details of a ll overhead. To colonists the
amusemen ts, spor ts, pas times. dances, e nter tainments and all educa tio nal faci lities are free.
T
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
liE LLt\NO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management tha t is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the colony industries arc in the hands
of the various departme nt managers.
There are abou t twenty-five
of these departments and in each depar tment there are divisions.
Ove r some of these divisions a rc foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position. At the managers'
meetings as many persons as can crowd in the room are always
present.
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of how many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, sale, and
well con•lrued. There is no disposition on the part of state
officials to interfere.
I
These meetings arc held every night and they arc unique
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
in that no motions are ever made, no resolutions adopted and no
minutes a re kept. The last .action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these nightly
meetings the work for the next day is planned, learns a re allotted.
workers a re shifted to the point where the needs are grea test,
and machinery is put on designated work, transportation is ar-
ranged, wants arc made known and ~lied as nearly as possible.
The board of directors, members of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business manaBemen t of the en terprise.
These directors are
on the same basis as all their comrades in the colony.
At the
general assembly all persons over eighteen years of age, residin g
in the colony, have a voice an J vole.
.
M
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in o rder to
get this information, they must secure a copy of a constitution a nd by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community contents itself wi th a "declaration of principles" which is
printed below. The management of the Colony rests with the
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and fmancial a ffairs of the enterprise are conduc ted by the board of directors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by-laws of almost every state. The only innovation is in
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inRexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Community alone.
_
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held lor profit shall not be held by private owner.hip.
Talent and intel~ gcnre are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happinc...
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to elimina te greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence a t the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any other sum less than the
initial payment Icc. Hundreds write and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amoun t, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand applica tio ns.
The money deri\'ed from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive p(>int. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order to continue ita
present success.
This fact must be obvious to all.
The manage·
men! of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact tha t there is a numberless army that cannot talo:e
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitte r and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
\\·he n successful co-operative groups can say to their stripped. rob·
bed and exploited brothen: "You who come with willing handa
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
The ins!allment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and siaters on the
land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Familiea entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, cos:s money.
�The initial membership fee goes to offset the supjlOrt of families
until tl!e colony shall be on a paying basis.
Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure our membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more "until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and join your comrades who have already borne the first
brunt of pioneering.
W
IMPORTANT QUf.STIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applications is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient lo mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the colony's warehouse
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
may be charged, Freight transportation between the colony and
the statio n is
l
I
.I
by
means of au to trucks.
Passenge rs are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llano, to which new ones are constantly being added, are: printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning ond dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop, .lime kiln, saw mill, dairy, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa. orchards, poultry yards, rabbitry, gardens, hog raising, brick yard, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, doc·
tors' office,, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, fish hatchery, barber shop, dairy goals, baths, swimming pool, studios, two ho tels,
d rafting ro<>m, post office, commissary, camping ground, Industrial
school. grammar school, Montessori school, commercial school, library, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band, mandolin
club, two orchestras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Following is the plan which has proven successful : each shareholder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital stock. Each pays
in cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each
receives a daily wage of $4, from which is deducted one dolla r for
the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living
expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock
and living expenses is credited to his individual account, payable out
of the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member
falls ill, is disabled o r disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover and resume payments. In no case will he be
crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will,
upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has paid. This i>
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. In this we will
endeavor to assist wherever practicable.
Corporations are nc I
allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Llano del Rio Colony is the greatest Community enterprise
ever a ttempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May lst. 1914,
and is solving the problem of disemployment and business failure.
It offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the workers
and their families.
It is a perfect example of Co-operation in Action. No community
organized as it is, was ever established before.
.
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by provoding steady employment for the workers; to •assure safety and com-
fort for he future and for old age; to guarantee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
It has more than 800 residents, makin:; it the lal'l!est town in the
Antelope Valley. More than 200 children attend the schools. Part
of the children boarding at the school; some live at the Industrial school all the time. The Montessori school is in operation,
taking the chtldren from 2Y2 to 6 years of age. A new school
building is soon to be built on the new townsite. The County
school and the Colony Industrial schools are both in operation.
High school work is planned. In the Industrial school botany, domestic science, languages, agricuture, biology, practical farming and
the regular grammar school subjects are taught by competent teachers. Manual training will be installed soon ; the building is now under construction. The children care for a Hock of milk goats, chickens, turkeys, and many acres of garden. They are ver)l successful.
They build their own buildings; the girls learn sewing and cooking;
the children pr0 duce much of what they consume; porti<>n of their
clothing is made by the sewing classes; they have their own horses,
wagons and farm implements ; they own pigs and a number of pets.
Besides learning co-operation and developing a sense of responsibility, they enjoy acquiring an education under these conditions.
They plan to go extensively into .the raising of chickens and
turkeys during the comiRg year.
.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 125 Jersey and Holstein cattle,
more than II 0 of which will soon be in the milk string. More than
I 00 head of young stock are on the ranne. being heifers and calves
up o 2 years of age. Nearly 120 head of horses· and mules, including colts, are owned by the Colony. These, with the tractor
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
·
hauling and the work on the land.
Thoroughbred Duroc J ersey and Berkshire pigs, as well as many
grades. are in the extensive new pens just built. Pure strains will
be developed and registrations kept up.
In the nursery are thousands of grape cuttings and shade and
fruit trees. More th•.n 26.000 trees were put out last spring.
Many will be planted this year. About 400 acres of orchard are
now m.
Community gardening is successful. and an increased acreage
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farm on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and experienced men in charge of the different departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 stands of bees. They are cared
for by expert bee men of long experience. This department expects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
and the sawmill is in operation. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a tho:Jsand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
Social life is delightful. baseball and football teams, dances, picnics, swimming, hunting, camping, all being popular. A band, several orchestras, a dramatic club, and other organizations assist in
D.aking the social occasions enjoyable.
.
A great deal of alfalfa has already been planted thos fall. Several
hundred acres are expected to be added to the acreage. Ditches
lined with cobblestone set in Llano lime cement, making the ditches
permanent, conserve water and insure economy.
Seven cuttings of
alfalfa were made this past season.
A square mile has been set aside for the new city. Wit~ the
sawmill running, the lime kiln producing a very superior lime, and
with sand and rock abundant and adobe brick easily manufactured,
the time is near when permanent buildings will be erected on the
new site. It will be a city different in design from any other in the
world, with houses of a distinctively different architecture. Houses
will be comfortable, sanitary, handsome, home-like, modern, and
harmon:ous with their surroundings, and will insure greater privacy
than any o ther houses ever constructed. They are unique and designed especially for Llano.
The Weekly newspaper, THE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news
of the world, of the Socialist and Labor movement in condensed
form. It carries the Colony news, etc., The subscription rate i•
SOc a year (Canadian subscriptions, $1 a year). Both the WESTERN COMRADE and the LLANO COLONIST to one name and addre•s for · 75c (Canada, $1.50).
ADDRESS ALL · COMMUNICATIONS A ND ~lAKE ALL PAYMENTS TO THE
Llano del Rio Company, Llano, California
:· .
�Was Schmidt Guilty?
Why was he sent to jail? Did you ever read the testimony on which he was convicted? It was not conclusive to most people. Witnesses gave conflicting testimony. Their identification of Schmidt as the man
they saw was far from saticfactory. Many were vindictive.
Job Harriman Says "NO"
in his summary of the evidence-says that Schmidt was NOT guilty. He shows the character of the witnesses.
Some were felons. He tears the fabric of '!lisstatements apart. Read his wonderful address to the jury. Every
Socialist and every labor man should have this book. The newspapers never told the whole truth; read it
for the first time.
"Dugan! Who is Dugan? He IS a self -confessed felon.
He was expelled from the Iron Workeos Union. He is the
Dugan who shot and . ki lled his wife and daughter m
Indianapolis."
"McManigal
IS
a self-conf~ssed murderer.
The prison
doo rs were opened. this criminal McManigal shook off his
chains. w ..IkeJ o ut. was given $1000 by the County of
Los Angeles. a nd told to gG his way in peace."'
(Testimony from witnesses Clark, Dugan and McManigal was admitted.)
Every Union Man should learn how he may fare
in the so-called impartial courts. Any of them
may get what Schmidt got.
Every Socialist who wants first hand evidence
of capitalist-controlled court proceedings should
have this book for propaganda.
Every Fair-Minded Person honestly seeking information and loving justice should read this tale
of a dishonest conviction.
When Capitalism Desires a Conviction It Gets
it. Read how it can be secured. The newspapers
never told these things. Why? Did you know the
real facts about this case? You'll wonder if the
McNamaras were really guilty and you'll wonder
why they confessed.
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS AT ONCE
Single Copies 25c. Quantity rates to Locals and Unions.
\VES TERN COMRADE, Llano, California
Western Comrade 75c After May 1
Inc reasing costs o f production make necessary a raise in rates.
Begi nning w ith May l si. 1917, the Colony's thi rd birthday, the
yearly subsc ription to the WESTERN COMRADE will be i5c.
The rate for the LLANO COLONIST will remain a t SOc a year.
Combina tion of both to one name and address. $1.00 a year.
Subscription cards sold prior to May I will be redeemed a t
the present rate if used before july I.
Canadian rates will be $1.00 a year for either the COMF{ADE
or the COLONIST. Combinatio n rates for the Llano Publications
will no t be made outside the U. S.
Costs cont inue to go up. The WESTERN COMRADE is too
good a magazin~ to be sold a SOc a year. The increased rate
will permit making improvements. Friends .of the Colony, all
who are inte rested in co-operation. anJ those who can discrimina te between the cons truc ti ve method of leaching Socialism and
the pessimis tic method, are urged to do all w ithin their power
to extend the circula tion. The LLANO PUBLICATIONS have a
defmitc place in Socialist propaganda work. They tell the tale
of Co-opera tion in Action, the most absorbingly interesting story
ever told. The man you have failed to interes t in Socialism, the
man who scoffs, the man who "doesn't believe it will work"these fellows will gladly read of the greatest co-operative demonstration in history.
.
.Subscribe or extend your subscription at once. Urge your
fnends to do so. Contest workers should buy cards at once to
be used during the contest.
Tell the Comrade Office
if you don't get your paper. Make all remittances, complaints,
and subscripions direct to the WESTERN COMRADE. This
office cannot be responsible in other cases. Don't ask the
Membership department, the information bureau, the postmaster, the stage driver, the hotel people, or any one else, to
do this for you.
They have their own work. Come or write
to the WESTERN COMRADE.
Non-Resident Readers.- When you have any requests, any
information, wan t samples, certain numbers, bundles, or wish
to change your address, make complaints, or send subscriptions, write a separate letter and direct it to the WESTERN
COMRADE, not to any individual, or any other department.
When sent to other departments or individuals, or in letters
with other business, they are likely to be delayed. You will
confer a genuine favor on the Llano publications by observing
this rule, and also secure greater satisfaction.
THE LLANO PUBLICATIONS, LLANO, CAL,
�~-----------------"------"~l
• .
Table of Contents
January
1917
Page
Cover Page
Page
Training for Service........................................ :... 20
Llano producls, bolh of lhem, and highesl in qualily
The Gateway to Freedom ...................................: 2
Synopsis of rhe bookie! of lhe same name.
A" Letter from Florence Margolies.. ...................... 6
Miss Margolies. who is well known in lhe radical
movemenl in lhe Easl, especially in New Yo rk Cily.
came, saw, and was conquered . She was fair eno ugh
lo admil il and we gladly reproduce her leller.
Frank E. Wolfe, from his wide experience as a journalisl and observer, w riles on rhis limely subjecl.
The Senses of Plants.. ........................................ 21
By We.ley Zornes
Natural Fruit SoiL ............................................. 2 f
By Oliver Zornes
Combat Pea r Blight.. ....... :.................................. 21
By Oli~er Zornes
Editorials---········--·········---------------------------------------- 7
What Thinkers Think.. ........................................ 22
In which J ob Harriman discusses queslions of rhe
day as well as olher subjecls of inleresl.
A summary of leading arlicles in leadinl( magazines.
Environment a nd Invention ................................ 10
Women in Agriculture ........................................ 23
L. Waller Millsap, J r. discusses in an able manner rhe
By Mildred G. Buxlon.
lnserl poem "The Song of a Woman Free," by Rulh .
connec lion, and shows why Llano should produce
men of rare abiliry along lhis line.
The Lieutena nt Governor and the Pigtails.. ........ 24
Fruits of the SoiL ............................................. 11
This number is devoled mosl paricularly lo agricullure and ho rlicuhure, and rhe w riler of lhis arlicle
wenl direclly lo rhe men in lhe depa rlmenls fo r information; they substantiate every statement.
Scenery about Llano .......................................... 15
Rober! K. Williams lakes rhe environmenl aboul Llano
rhis lime and shows lhe selling, wirh some side lighls
on olher lhings.
Declaration of Industrial Independence .............. 16
By Clinlon Bancrofl.
lnserl poem "A Friend's Greeling."
Letters from Constructive Soc.ia1ists.. ................ 18
Our Industrial SchooL .................. .................. 19
Miss Mildred Travis, a leacher in I he Public School,
wriles on lhe advanlages of Llano's lnduslrial School.
Anolher charming slory by Helen Frances Easley.
·The Socialist City................................................ 26
A. Conslance Auslin lells mo re aboul whal a cily
should be.
Our Homes.......................................................... 27
By Dr. j ohn Dequer.
Was Schmidt Guilty ?.. ........................................ 28
( From lhe book by lhe same name) An excerpl
lhe address lo lhe jury made by Comrade job
riman al rhe conclusion of rhis speclacular
Read ir. Then make up you r mind whelher you
Schmic!.l should be in jail loday.
from
Harlrial.
lhink
What The Mail Brings.. ...................................... 29
Excerpls from inleresling lelle rs and news of lhc
Grand Membership Circulalion Conlesl in which 120
persons a re participating.
Our Next Issue
The February Number of the WESTERN COMRADE will tell of the Social good times and the
social institutions, and will carry some propa ganda material that will open the eyes of all
readers and stimulate their thinking powers. -
Social and Propaganda Number
Llano has some unique· social institutions, the Children's Dance, Free Medical Service, and
others. Read about them in the next issue.
�..
Letter from Florence Margolies
It is diff~cult for me to recall when I
was so ha~d put· for finding adequate expression, as I am now, to convey, even in a small
measure, the profound and thrilling impression the Llano Co-operative Colony has made on
me. Yes, really and truly thrilling. It was
a revelation to me. The impelling motive
of my visit to Llano was, frankly, a yielding
to keen curiosity; curiosity not unmixed with
scepticism and a sort of mental flippancy.
I was prepared and armed to the teeth, figuratively speaking, with adverse criticism, a
quantity of bitterness and a frame of mind
beautifully calculated to repel Llano. Thus
equipped, I was on my way. Then I came upon
Llano as the last of the lingering sun kissed
and glorious mountains that gird the expanse
of luring desert, through which I heard the
resounding laughter of children. The people
of Llano I found superb--one and all of their
faces bear the imprint of their hearts, love
for humanity. Their clean, wholesome, disinterested lives at Llano must perforce prove a
guide for those who are privileged to behold
this unique, elevating and truly awe-inspiring New World--Llano.
And throughout this splendid, immense,
big little world can unmistakably be felt the
lute-like vibration of that big hearted,
whole-souled man in whose beautiful mind that
great vision was born--the vision now embodied
in the supreme achievement--Llano.
New York.
Florence Margolies.
�Political Ac ti .o n
Co-operation
D i rect
Action
·The Western Comrade
to
Devoted
tJ.e · cause
of tile
Workers
Entered as second-class matter November 4th, 1916, at the post office at .Uano, California, under .Act of March 3, 1879.
~7
PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT LLANO. CALIFORNIA. SUBSCRIPTION RATE. FIFTY CENTS A YEAR; CAl ADIAN RATE. SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS
STAFF
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE .
ERNEST S. WOOSTER
Contributing Editors
ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
MILDRED G. BUXTON
DR. JOHN DEQUER
CLINTON BANCROFT
WESLEY ZORNES
In making change of address always give your former one so that the mailing department may be certain that the right name is being changed.
VOL. IV
Managing Editor.
. Editor.
Business Manager.
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, JANUARY. 1917
Editorials
T
HE fo llowing should be added as an amendment to the
constitution of the national Socialist Party:
"Any labor union, farme rs' organization, or co-operati ·;c enterprise, or any number of members thereof, shall
be permitted to become a Socialist Party Local, without
regard to political subdivisions."
If the Socialist Party will incorporate this measure in its
constitution, it will glide smoothly over what will otherwise
become an early grave.
The Socialist Party lacks vitality. It has no source from
which to draw power. It gathers men from the four corners,
but it has no connection with economic or industrial organizations. It is the food supply from which power springs, and the
Socialist party is a stranger to that source.
Many Socialists seem to think that political power lies in the
heads of men. Political power is an offspring of economic
power and must rest upon a solid economic base before it can
become of any material force. If the Socialist locals were
rooted in the unions and the co-operative enterprises and the
farmers' organizations, they would dniw force and vitality
from those institutions. It is true that the affairs of the party
would pass into other hands, but those hands would be guided
by experience in the affairs of the world, and not entirely by
theories gleaned from books. The party would soon resoh·e
itself into a practical political machine, the purpose of which
would be to look after and protect the working class institutions from the attack of their enemies.
Unless this step is taken, and that at once, the Socialists of
judgment will ~ove out of the party and into other radical
organizations, as was done in Dakota.
This is a day of action, and action must be our watchword.
If we are delinquent in this, rest assured that the world will
not be delinquent. It will leave us, as it should, to split hai1s
and theorize over philosophic platitudes and to chant our revolutionary songs. We must wake up and connect with the living
acting forces of the world. We have fed the mind with
theories; we must now feed the stomach with bread.· Fail In
this. and our party will turn to ashes in our hands.
No.9
By Job Harriman
T
HE Llano del Rio Cqmpany is not controlled by any. mall
or group of men. The stock is owned in substantially
equal proportions by all the stock holders. The stock is sold
by the office force and the expenses are paid out of the company funds. Each and every one of the office force receives
the same remuneration as the other colonists for services. No
one is making money out of the sale of stock.
This statement is made in answer to enquiries from parties
who have confounded us with other enterprises.
--o--
A
FTER years of work direct legislation was incorporated
in the laws of the State of California. It now remains to
be ascertained what the people want.
It goes without saying that there are many who know.-wk.!'t
their neighbors should have, but whether or not the neighbors
want it, is quite another question.
We have hitherto proceeded upon the theory that whatsoever makes life's pathway smoother and our burdens lighter
will be sufficiently alluring to enlist our support, but how are
the public to distinguish between the measures that will lighten
and those that will add to the public burden?
The many promises that have accompanied the so-called
public measures have so signally failed that the people have
grown pessimistic in regard to almost every political reform.
There is an excellent reason for such failures. Behind every
important measure there has lurked some possible materiill
advantage to the promoters of the legislation. It is not surprising that this should be true. At the foundation of our in·
dustrial and commercial system lies a possibility of realizin~
from every transaction not only a sufficient sum to cover all
expenses, including interest on the investment and a salary
for the owners, but also a clear net profit in addition.
It is this clear, net unearned gain that corrupts mankind and
causes an unconscionable strife which end~ in the violation
of the letter and spirit of the law, and the accumulation of
great fortunes that ever remain at the command o.f those who
acquire them.
We can never hope to remedy this fundamental defect
�EDITORIALS
in our industrial, commercial, and political life, while this
po&sibility huts, and while this all but irresistible t&lptation
is .offered to every man especially those inspired by ambition
and greed.
It wa.s for the r-urpo•e of eliminating the possibility of great
profits to individuals that the Llano enterprise was launched.
To gain this end we have seen fit, as a community, to own
and operate all our industries in common, permitting all increase to accrue to the entire community. Within Llano there
e::ists an industrial system upon which there is arising a harmony of interest that is conducive to the most congenial mental
and spiritual companionship.
It is upon such a basis that our state must be founded if
our civilization is to escape the entanglements of w~r. and to
move substantially and majestically onward.
It is with this end in view that we propose the following
measures as a kind of highway leading toward that happy
consu mmation.
I. State ownership and management of the water power
and telephone systems of this state.
2. A complete system of macadamized roads, connecting
all agricultural, commercial and industrial centers with the
state highways.
3. Packing houses, cold storage plants, flour mills, and
granaries to be built, owned and operated at cost by the state
at all practicable points.
4. State-wide freight and passenger automobile service to
be owned and operated by the state at cost.
5. Freight and passenger steamship line plying between both
home and foreign ports, to be owned and operated by the
state at cost.
6. State to market all products at cost to the producers.
Bills are now being drafted for each of these measures and
will be initiated and submitted to the people of the State of
California for their approval.
When these measures are put into operation, the enormous
net profits now accruing to the few and corrupting our institutions will accumulate to the credit of the people in the
various industries and will become a purifying and wholesome
force. The fruits of industry are always purifying when the
producer receives them as a reward for his effort, but they
are corrupting in their inAuen~e when received as a reward for
business cunning, intrigue and strategy.
Getting something for nothing is the curse of the age. It
palsies the conscience, steels the heart, and leads the mind to
vicious transactions.
At Llano we have laid a foundation that is rapidly undermining this t~dency. We are now introducing a program that
will go fa1., to,~rd accomplishing the same results in the stat<>.
We know th'at thi program is not complete., but we are practical and know that we can move in state affairs only as fast
as re-organization can proceed. We have arrived at the time
when these steps must be taken. Commercial necessity demand it. There is no escape from this condusion. The
belligerent nations of Europe have been compelled by military
The
Western
Comr.,dt:
necessity to take this step. Let us take the step before the
blood of our first born be called to the trenches to demand
it. With lhe industries in the hands of the state, we may
preserve peace. Without them
are commercially at the
mercy of nations that have taken the step. We must defend
our state commercial interests either by industrial efficiency, or
by military efficiency, or by both.
we
w
--Q-
OULD it not be better for the government to take over all
the industries in times of peace, than to wait until the
necessities of war force the step? There can be but one answer
-it is best. But it will not be done. Why? Because all capitalist governments are the results of greed and greed knows no
law but to gorge greed.
The balance of trade during the past three years in favor
of Uncle Sam from warring Europe, is seven billions of dollars.
Who is this "Uncle Sam" to whom this balance of trade
has gone?
This particular "Uncle Sam" is the Rockefellers, the Morgans, the Guggenheims, and their kind.
Seven billions! -Oh-no wonder they hold fast to their
mines, their oil fields, their steel plants, their railrq_ads, and
their money bags. Greed! What a monster.
1./"
- -o- -
"CONCERTED action of powerful bodies of men shall not
be permitted to stop the industrial processes of the nation, at any rate before the nation shall have had an opportunity to acquaint itself with the merits of the case as between
employee and employer."- Woodrow Wilson.
What a remarkable statement from a president who has just
been elected to office by these very same powerful bodies
of men.
For many years these union men have struggled against the
railroad magnates until finally, by adding to their numbers,
they have actually become more powerful than the magnates
themselves.
While these two tremendous powers stood glaring at each
other, a third power, like a monster from the social deep,
arose, with its arm of steel around the magnates.
"Thou shalt not strike."
The government has spoken.
The six hundred million dolla r army and navy are now
talking, and they will be heard.
" o politics in the union?"
"Reward your friends and punish your enemies?"
Will not the union men now see that more than friends are
necessary in such an hour of need? T he workers must hold in
their grasp the power, both to make the laws and to command
the army that enforces them.
Are not the laws now made to protect the ownership of
private property?
And who will say that the government shall not enforce it~
own laws?
Can not the working men see that they must make the laws
�The
Western
Comrade
EDITORIALS
or submit to t~e army while they enforce the laws made by
the op~ssing interests?
Whenever there is a clash of interest between two powers,
the power that is in office will pass laws protecting its. interests
and will enforce the laws it passes.
Not only will the army be commanded, if necessary, to coerce the union men, but the union men themselves will be
drafted into the army to coerce themselves, if they refuse to
submit to compulsory arbitration.
But those who have power to make and to enforce the law;
likewise have power to appoint the arbitrators. Rest assured
that they will arbitrate in their own behalf with the same determination that they pass laws and command armies. Hence
the results of arbitration conform to the ends gained by enforcing the law.
Those in power therefore demand compulsory arbitration
laws, while thme out of power resist compulsory arbitration
laws, even to the point of rebellion.
Whenever the labor unions, by virtue of their power, overcome the owners of a national industry, they are immediately
and necessarily confronted by the government. The owners
step out, and the government steps into their shoes. The weak
master is dislodged for the irresistible master. Failure to obey
this master is an appeal to arms.
Workingmen, you are forced to enter politics as a class, to
put your own men in office, to make laws protecting your interests and to use the government force, the army, to enforce
your laws, or yo~ will have to submit to their laws and their
armies.
You are confronted with a fact and not a theory. Govern
yourselves accordingly.
--o--WENTY millions dead, wounded, and m1ssmg, and still
no peace.
Blood, blood, blood, a sacrifice of human blood to the God
of Mammon.
A false and fiendish god has demanded and taken the best
blood of Europe.
And now, mothers of America, hold up your hands in holy
horror, for your sons are about to be called to kill their brothers who have done them no wrong.
Already we are paying the debt for the terrible crime committed across the seas.
We have fed them that they might kill each other. We
should have starved them to prevent the slaughter.
We have emptied our storehouse for cash. Now high prices
are starving the poor. We are bearing the burdens of war
by the advance in prices of food.
Already our government has advised against further investments in the securities of belligerent nations.
England's debt alone has increased to seventeen billion dollars. All the other belligerents have increased their burdens
accordingly. The debts can never be paid. Soon the nations
will shift from a gold to a paper basis. W<tll Street will then
demand its gold at the mouth of the cannon. Europe will
T
Page nine
not-nay, cannot-pay. The gates of war will open and we
will enter.
Six short months ago they beat their drums and forced a
vote in Congress for six hundred-million dollars for preparedness. Then we were told that an army and navy were necessary to preserve peace. Now it appears they were necessary
to collect a war debt.
Peace-resounds in the columns of every great paper. But
there will be no peace. Russia is on her way to the sea by
way of Constantinople. She will not take "No" for an answer.
England must help her open the gate at whatever cost. But
when Russia enters the Bosphorus, it will only be a matter of
time until England will be cut off from India.
England knows this, but to refuse would be to force an all-iance between "Russia and Germany. England would then
not only lose India, but she and F ranee would lose all.
Constantinople is the great prize to be won, and Russia will
win it by England's aid.
Until then there will be no peace. In the face of this fact
a peace note will fall on deaf ears among the allies. It is
Russia that is holding her hands over the ears of the nations.
They will not hear peace until Russia sails the seas freely
through the Bosphorus.
Armistice? Perhaps; but peace, never, before this consummation. In this great fact world interests are involved.
This accomplished, Russia may have power to absorb T urkey, and India, and to divide China with japan, and to grasp
the Balkan States with Norway and Sweden.
At the door of this possibility lies the prospect of a real
world war.
In looking at this gloomy prospect it must not be forgotten
that the people of the respective countries are mere pawns
being moved in the game.
They have no feeling of hatred or revenge toward their
brothers in the other countries; they have nothing to gain and
only their lives to lose. Their destinies are determined by their
respective governments. The people have no control over,
and as a matter of fact, have practically nothing to say about
the policies of their government. Governmental policies are
determined by those who own the industries of the nation.
Whatever course adds to the power of those industries will
constitute the policy of the government. War and peace do
not depend upon humanitarian, but upon economic advantages.
It is for this reason that governments so often go to war in
violation of the interests of the people. It is the interests of
the economically powerfu l only that are considered.
It was the struggle for the world's market b.::tween the
powerful merchants and industrial kings that brought about the
war. Out of the war has grown the necessity of the govemmental management of all the industries. In this fact lurks the
death knell of the old, and the germ of the new, civilization.
We need not fear. The hope of the world is in this fact.
Bound together by these industries and inspired by the spirit of
democracy and sick at heart with the thought of human gore,
the people will abolish all governments as now known and establish an industrial order where peace and goodwill shall reign.
�Page ten
The
Environment and Invention
T has long been known that the present method of
faulty
if not fundamentally wrong; but the people who
' would improve it have not fully realized that it is the
result of capitalist philosophy, and capitalist philosophy falls
down hardest when it comes to dealing with the more elusive.
more subtle human qualities, such as art, invention, music,
and various forms of genius.
These qualities are rather timed, and an atmosphere of
bitter competition crushes them completely and blasts the
lives of those individuals in whom they develop or else it
causes them to lie dormant while the individual is forced to
develop other qualities of which there is already an abundance.
Notwithstanding this fact, the world at large has blunderingly tried to stimulate invention by the competitive method,
and by the offering of large rewards to individuals, and this
method is failing miserably at the present time.
I do not mean to say that there are no. inventions but that
the very best ideas that develop sponta neously are for the
most part lost and there is a reason.
Go into any community and, if you will get into touch with
mechanical people and get their confidence, you will find many
who have seen the need of some device. With heroic labor
they have secretly worked out their ideas in material, and
spen t their last dollar, in many cases, to obtain a patent.
Not knowin g the real conditions they thought that if they
could only get a patent their difficulty would be over.
In reality getting the patent is the simplest part. It is a
lawyer's job, and the difficulty lies in deciding which lawyer
to employ. One will draw up the cla ims to really protect the
important points and fight to a fini sh to see that they are
allowed. Another will get a lot of unimportant things and
fail to see the valuable feature on which all depends. Still
another will get the important points but he will allow them
to be rejected one by one by the board of examiners until
there are only a few unimportant claims left, and this is found
out only after the inventor or the party to whom he assigns
has spent a small fortune in development and litigation.
However, the obtaining of a patent that at least looks good
is easy enough, and many inventors have gotten this far.
Then the bitter realization has dawned upon them that a certain class of people had control of this situation. New ideas
disturbed established methods and the results of their labors
were therefore not wanted. The products of all their toil,
together with the ashes of their fonde st hopes, are laid away
on some shelf or in the cellar to be covered with cobwebs
or destroyed by the elements, while the individual clenches hi,;
teeth a little tighter and shows a little more bitterness on his
countenance. When a brilliant idea illuminates his mind again
for an instant, he mutters a curse under his breath and forgets
it. Then both the world and the individual lose. The privilege of giving to the world the be5t they have is thus denied
to the large mass of people who come directly in touch with
the needs of the world. These constitute the source of the
freshest, most virile, and brilliant ideas the world knows of.
About the only way that the world can benefit fro;n this
immense source of ideas is by theft, and that is precisely the
condition that obtains today.
What a sad spectacle! But what a stf!tling contrast is presented when one studies this question under absolutely reversed
conditions, in the atmosphere of cp-operation that is devloping
in the Colony! People who have had their ideas blasted ,
I
i developing inventions and rewarding genius is
Western
Comrade
By L. Walter Millsap, Jr.
their hopes crushed, and their lives embittered, on the outside,
begin to breathe the life-giving atmosphere that is a natural
product of our co-operative plan, and freshen up like wilted
flowers when placed in water. The looks of hardness, bitterness, and disappointment begin to disappear, and expressions
of · kindness, love, and hope begin to illuminate their countenances. Their faith in humanity is renewed, their confidence in each other grows, there is no need for secrecy.
They begin to feel the thrill of enthusiasm again, and this
ts fertile soil for the subtle qualities mentioned above to grow
in. In some this enthusiasm bursts forth in music, song, poetry
and art, and this, even when it is crude, has in it a quality
that the world is hungry for but cannot find where bitter
competition holds full sway. In others it shows itself in mechanical ideas or along lines of invention and each idea stimulates others until one is bewildered when he begins to dream
of the outcome.
Some boy working in the garden perhaps sees the need of
a better form of gate to control his little supply of water for
irrigation. Full of enthusiasm he tells it to someone who is
interested. Freely they make suggestions for improvement
and it is put up to a mechanic or carpenter, who also takes
a personal interest in it and in the boy, and uses his best
efforts to make it up in the best possible form. It is tried out,
found to be a valuable aid in the work, and everyone is proud
of it. The boy is happy. Everyone that added a mite to it is
happy. The whole Colony receives the benefit of it, and yet
no one has received any money reward. · They have simply
had an opportunity to express themselves and to receive their
share of the benefit resulting from the expression.
A man in the dairy depa rtment has worked out some ideas
in the line of motive power that give great promise and, as
soon as possible, every effort will be made to provide facilities
for developing these and dozens of other things that are
springing up spontaneously from every corner of the ranch.
It is the a im to build a n experimental shop later on when
more immediate problems have been solved, in which these
things can be developed, and an effort will be made to provide
skilled men and machinery to encourage this in every way
possible.
At noon-time, or in the evening, when men are peacefully
discussing the day's problems, some matter will come up like
clearing rocks from the soil, stac kin g hay, improving an auto
truck, or feeding calves with less effort. Some one says "Why
don't you do this way?" Immediately a lively discussion starts
without fear or restraint. Ideas are passed back and forth and
one thing is added to another with lightning speed until, within
a very short time, an idea for a new device or method has
been completely worked out. More has been accomplished in
this time tha n could possibly have been done by an individual
working in secret, building up a crude idea in material, tearing
it down again and again until a tremendous amount of time,
energy, and money, has been consumed.
This is what happens daily. Who can foretell what the
future will bring forth when we have means and material in
abundance? Who can say what the children raised in such
an environment will bring forth? We can only dream now
and keep at work on immediate problems, but the vision of
the future is an inspiration that makes big problems seem
small, makes hard work seem light, and makes rugged faces
radiant with hope - and that is the most beautiful result
of all.
�The
Western
Comrade
Fruits of Our Soil
-
HIEF among the Llano industries are agriculture and
horticulture. They will undoubtedly always be the
most important. The wonderful fertility of the soil,
1 the warm, balmy climate, and the ease with which the
land can be irrigated will probably make fruit growing the
foremost undertaking.
Because fruit can be marketed to better advantage, and
because natural conditions give Llano an immense superiority
over most districts, fruit growing will be developed most extensively. Yet gardening, alfalfa raising, and ihe production
of grain and field crops will keep pace with the increasing
needs of Llano.
The gardeners, the fruit men, and the farmers at Llano
agree that the climate is almost ideal, and that the soil could
scarcely be better. True, the soil will require building up to
supply it with humus, but that comes with systematically
working it, the application of fertilizer, and scientifically cropping it. The gentle slopes, the long season, the favorable
I
tomatoes, muskmelons, canteloupes, casabas, sweet potatoes,
onions, cabbage, and many other vegetables. Their quality
is superb. It is a matter of surprise and astonishment to the
visitor to see the ~eavily laden tomato vines, scant of foliage
but heavy with fruit. Quality and quantity gladden the hearts
of Llano well wishers.
There are several gardeners-P. A. Knobbs, Geo. T. Pickett,
j. Mauricio, and W. j. Newman, the latter to a more limited
extent. Of these, Pickett and Mauricio will probably have
the main gardens this year. Though Comrade Knobbs is an
old time gardener he wants to be otherwise employed foi a
change.
The varieties of soil to be found at Llano permit the growing
of many varieties of vegetables. Comrade Pickett has worked
out a system of irrigation on the garden plot, variously estimated at sixty to one hundred acres which he will have in
connection with the Industrial School, and the ground is in
excellent shape. Flumes _will lessen the amount of labor re-
Looking ac ross the sunberry palch, with the Tilghman group of homes and a
pari of the Tilghman hotel
Sunin the background.
b e r r i e s furnished delicious fruit fo r scores of families last summer and a good
acreage is to be planted this
season.
The sunberry or
wondcrberry is a Burbank
product, and the quality i•
particularly good a t this altitude.
climate, the rich virgin soil, the comparative ease with which
the soil can be worked-these are all natural advantages
which appeal to those who can understand the real ins and
outs of farming.
WI'
Llano Garden.s Thrive
, - - HETHER gardening at Llano would be a success or
not was ~ moot question for many months. Practical
gardeners) insisted that good vegetables could be
_ _ _I grown i sufficient quantity.
Those who saw 'the first
pitiful attempts at gardening thought otherwise. It was a
stration and soil knowledge. Now the matter
matter of d
h
roven, and this year will see more than a hundred
a res of garden planted on ground that will return well for
e labor expended on it.
_ The soil here lacks just one element and that is easily given
to it. Manure supplies this quality and manure has been liberaly applied to the soil. Cultivation enriches it still further.
There is no better place for the production of watermelons,
I
quired and will permit of a more satisfactory and economical
distribution of water. With the aid of two men, the two Comrades Ferguson, and the children of the Industrial School, it
is expected that these gardens can be adequately cared for.
Comrade Mauricio will have about twenty acres of land.
An old alfalfa field is to be used for this purpose; it will be
almost contiguous to the Industrial School gardens. Comrade
Mauricio expects to grow melons, tomatoes, a nd cucumbers
mainly.
Gardening is a continuous process. At Christmas the Industrial School gardens exhibited lettuce, beets, onions, carrots,
rutabagas, spinach, Swiss chard, mustard, radishes, cabbagt',
and parsnips. Vegetables of some kind are available every
month. Tomatoes were in the commissary as late as the fore
part of December, though they had been picked several weeks
previous and stored to ripen. The principal crops will be peas,
corn, beans, and tomatoes, probably. It is expected that the
increase in garden will be five to one. Six to eight crops
will frequently be grown in the same ground during the year.
The vegetables which seem to thrive best are beets, carrots,
�..
The Western Comrade
Page twelve
sweet potatoes, parsnips, lettuce, eggplant, peas, beans, peppers, tomatoes, • melons, pumpkins, squash, and cucumbers.
While a great deal of water is required for the gatflens, this
can be reduced by cultivation just as it is reduced in the or· ·
chards by cultivation. There are few weeds in the soil, which
is a distinct advantage and greatly lessens the· amount of work.
In the Industrial School gardens there ·will be some chicken
feed grown in addition to the vegetables. F"ood for the rabbits
will also be an output of the gardens.
.
Among the vegetables which have been successfully grown,
some only in small quantities, but enough in every case to justify the assertion, are: water melons, musk melons, pumpkins, .
squash, cucumbers, sweet potatoes, peas, beans, peppers, tur-.
nips, carrots, lettuce, radishes, swt;et corn, pop corn, _tomatoes,
cabbage, cauliflower, celery, onions, salsify, beets,- parsnips,
leeks, kale, ground almonds, and rutabagas.
.
The value of the garden lands is estimated by" Comrade
Knobbs, who has had many years .of experience as a market
gardener and who has ~uccessfully competed against Chinese
gardeners and who knows his business thoroughly, at $1000
an acre. He says this is a conservative fig:ure to place on them.
to be efficient gardeners. They will be directed in their work
by experienced agriculturists and horticulturists who will instruct them in the practical study of botany and ·entomology.
The gafdening industry is one that will expand, and it will
require prudence, care, and foresight to provide for the wants,
to supply the demands, to rotate the varieties, and to maintain
the quality that will be required. It means careful study and
the keeping of adequate records. But the possibilities are here
and they have been demonstrated. They have been proven
beyond a doubt. Llano soil is good garden soil.
Like all of Llano's products, the marketing must be done in
the most concentrated form. Most vegetables will probably
be canned. However, that problem is in the future; the gardeners will have all they can do to supply the demands of
the Colony for this season. Cannery will put up peas, beans,
corn and tomatoes if the gardens can supply the garden truck
for this purpose.
The successful Llano gardens are another link in the chmn
of industries that will make Llano a self-supporting community. The pendulum is swinging back again. In the pioneer
days of America each family conducted all of the industries
necessary to maintain life. The growth of the factory system
took these industries from the home one by one and the people
lost control of them. Now the backward swing is bringing to
the Llano community the control of its industries, is making
it independent, is putting into the hands of its residents all of
the industries to maintain life.
Berries for Llano Use
r
LLANO-GROWN APPLES. The three shown here weighed 4!/z pounds.
He is enthusiastic over the, gardens, and states that ifis merely
a matter of building up the soil, much of which work has already been done, in order to make it.as fine a garden as can be
found anywhere. He has grown onions that weighea three
pounds each.
Comrade Newman is not giving his attention so much to
gardening as to berry raising, but as Mrs. Newman is an enthusiast in this work they will continue to grow vegetables
in connection with the berries, planting between the rows of
young vines. The Newmans grew caulif!Qwer that would compete successfully in any market, sweet potatoes that were of
wonderfully fine quality, celery that is sweet and tender, cabbage heads that are of good size and sound, and beans of such
length that to tell it would make it incredible. In the garden
they had French beans of a variety that grew to nearly three
feet in length, and they expect to grow more of these next
season.
The boys and girls of the Industrial School greatly simplify
the garden problem. They learn as they work and they prove
OUGH berries are usually considered as fruit, Comrade W. J. Newman has been given charge of this
department, his seven years of experience fitting him
___ perfectly for making the production of berries one
of the Llano industries that will be put on a satisfactory
basis.
In the nurseries and in the gardens are the Everbearing and
other varieties of blackberries. In the nursery are many dew. berry plants which bore last year, and the high quality of the
fruit as well as the prolific way in which the vines bore,
demonstrate the value of the berry department. Himalaya and.
Mammoth blackberries and currants are added to the list.
Several acres of sunberries, or wonderberries, were grown last
season and were· highly esteemed. Gooseberries, raspberries
loganberries and other varieties will also be grown.
Comrade Newman wants to.·get in touch with all who have
berry plants, and he asks that all who can spare them to send
them in as soon as possible.
While Llano is not a natural berry country because of its
excessive dryness, yet when the plants are properly irrigated
they seem to do about as well, and to produce as heavily as
do berry plants anywhere. At Christmas Comrade Newman exhibited ripe strawberries and strawberry blossoms, which is
satisfactory evidence as to the length of the season.
About three acres of strawberries are planted and will be
in bearing this spring. The plants begin bearing a few weeks
after being put into the ground. Those planted in August had
berries on -them six weeks later. The productive life of a
strawberry plant is about four to five years. The life of blackberries, raspberries, loganberries, dewberries, etc., is indeterminate, as they will produce profitably for many years.
Berries should be picked every other day during their heaviest bearing season. Children will probably be employed to do
most of the picking. Berries require dose attention and must
be irrigated frequently. It is stated on fairly good authority
�The
Western
Comrade
that the' production of loganberries in regions best adapted to
them has been as high as seven tons to the acre.
The quality of the berries grown here cannot "be surpassed
even in the finest berry districts of the country. They are
prolific, too. Most of the berries are to be _planted on the
Tilghman place, where the present berry tract is. Strawberries which have .a great deal of foliage are preferred for
this climate, as the leaves protect the fruit.
Hay and Grain Production
"T I
- - -HE soil at Llano is unsurpassed anywhere for alfalfa."
This statement was· made by john Van Nuland, one of
the farmers, and reiterated by C. S. Millarr, head of
_ __ the hay and grain department. It was repeated by
others who are practical, experienced farmers.
Comrade Millarr has been in charge of the hay and grain
department since June. He has been a resident of the Antelope Valley for about eight years, and is authority for the facts
given . They are substantiated by other practical farmers.
Page thirteen
ducing, it is worth from $150 to $200. That is genuine, fegitimate increase in value. Alfalfa was worth $10 a ton last
year. The returns are excellent.
The quality of the alfalfa produced at· Llano cannot be surpassed. This is not an empty boast; the stock men prove it
every day. Moreover, alfalfa is easily started, produces heavily, as has been shown, and is not difficult to irrigate when
planted on properly prepared land, as is being done now. It
is irrigated just after it has been cut, and once between cuttings. It can usually be cut once a month, though last summer
it was cut three times in forty-two days, that is, twenty-one
days from one cutting to the next, this being repeated. It is
believed by some that the Hairy Peruvian alfalfa is best suited
to this district, and some experiments are belng made to determine which variety is best adapted.
While alfalfa will be the chief forage crop, peas, beets, etc.,
will also be grown, though no definite program has been decided on for them. It is certain that wheat, oats, barley, rye,
Milo maize, Egyptian corn, fetcrita, soudan grass, sweet clover
can all be grown with profit to the Colony, and some of these
Mrs. Newman holding up
a bunch of beans, some of
which measured more than
two feet in length and were
of delicious flavor. 1his va·
riety will be planted exten·
sively this season. In the
b~ck ground are fig trees.
Mrs. Newman holds some
egg plants in her right hand.
The insert shows Llano onions. These grew to a s
much as three pounds ~d
the quality is of the best.
Last year the cutting of alfalfa began in April and continued
until in November, the past season having been a very favorable one. Seven crops were cut. "Six crops can be reasonably
depended on any average year, the last cutting being made
in October. Comrade Millarr, a very conservative man, says
we had about one hundred and sixty acres of alfalfa at the
beginning of last season, but he expects to start the 1917 season with more than three hundred and sixty acres. This is an
increase of more than two hundred acres. Most of .the young
alfalfa is up and in splendid condition. The land has been
prepared carefully, many cobble and lime ditches have been
built, and the corrugation system of irrigation has been adopted. A good stand has been secured and there is every indication that the alfalfa land will be in full bearing by the close
of the 1917 season, at which time it should be producing a
ton to the acre per cutting. The opening of the following season should see it producing crops that any alfalfa district in
the world could boast of.
The land the alfalfa is planted on is exactly the same as
land that can be bought in this district at prices not to exceed
$12 per acre. When it comes into full bearing, has been corrugated for irrigating, cleared, leveled, seeded, and is pro-
crops have already been tried. Experiments and demonstrations will be carried on by the agriculturists. Dry farming is
practicable at Llano, ns it is carried ~n in other portions of
the Antelope Valley. It is expected that about one hundred
acres will be put out to v.:~rious crops this year to show what
can be done. Probably_the most important thing will be the
preparing of the soil for these crops.
The farmers have entire charge of their department. The
tillers of the soil-gardeners, alfalfa men, grain men, fruit
men, berry men- meet frequently and lay out their work.
Much better results are being secured by this means. They
have elected their own assistant superintendent of the ranch.
It is complete industrial departmental democracy. It combines
the freedon of democratic management with efficiency and a
JUSt sense of responsibility.
One other source of wealth which has not yet been developed, yet which the alfalfa men say will be profitable, is the
sale of alfalfa seed. It is claimed that two or three crops of
hay can be cut, then the alfalfa allowed to go to seed, and the
seed threshed and sold. It is singularly free from weeds, is
clean and healthy and will undoubtedly command highest
market prices.
�Page fourteen
Scenery About Llano
w'
The
Western
Com "r ade
By Robert K.Williams
All this sounds away ·from the subject of scenery and our
HEN I was a little chap my mother told . me of a
country whe~e all the seasons o~ the y~ar could be surroundings, and it is. The editor of this magazine has a
most provoking habit of assigning subjects. He had an hour's
1
' encountered m one day.
S~e satd tha_t m the mornconversation with himself on the subject for me this month.
1_ _ _ ing it would be summer, a !tttle later m the day fall
would come with its chilly blasts; next in ord!!r cold and Upon looking through my pockets, I found the assignment,
b'eak winter would set in, and quickly following, spring, and and here it is. It will be interesting to you for it interested
then summer again. For ages this state of weather had him, or he wouldn't have typed it off as a guide.
"Write about the Antelope Valley-tremendous expanses,
existed. It was a wonderful country. I asked her where this
grizzled pioneers, coyotes, ox-teams-and don't forget the
coun try was and she said, "California ."
For years I longed to see this Iand where the four seasons superb view from the townsite."
This is some job!
of the year would come in one day. When I finally arrived
The Antelope Valley imperceptibly merges into the famed
in California I found out that my mother had told mt; the truth,
but,- she had failed to mention that the seasons could be Mojave Valley east of Llano. In the Antelope Valley there
brou2ht about by climbing high mountains and· then des- are two and a half million acres, and seventy-five per cent
is tillable providing water can be secured. Numerous pioneers
cending them.
have come to this great
You see, I had read an
expanse in hopes of makidea into the statement.
ing for themselves a doThe story was so pleasmestic paradise. Failure
ing I did not want to inafter failure dots the valvestigate, and when finalley. Almondale and Old
ly the real truth dawned
Palmdale are recollecI smiled at my childish
tions of the past, and old
credulity.
corner post identify lot~
People are prone to
once worth $300. Orread between the lines.
chards are yet visible
It is one of the most diffiamong the sage brush. A
cult things in the world
comrade recently walked
to tell the exact truth.
over a tangle:! expanse
Should anyone doubt this
and disco·:ered sixteen
let him try it for a while.
acres of olive trees still
To carry truth to its logiliving, with fine olives on
cal concl usion would be
them. They had had no
to dest roy imagination
water for twenty years,
entirely.
except that from heaven.
N o t w o people see
Twenty odd years ago
things exactly the same.
quite a settlement was
What to me is a gorgeous
near the present site of
prospect might be a leadLlano. Like most other
en cloud to another. One
The 17 apples shown here filled a five-gallon oil can more than full.
individual efforts it failed
has to take into considerand the Colony is now
ation the state of digesheir to its early efforts,
tion, previous experience
and we are building well.
and late associations.
Ox teams wended their way to the north from Los Angeles,
There are people excessively senstltve and so postttve that
they a re capable of expressing themselves that they dislike ;>nd numerous bands of sheep and great herds of cattle were
the idea of anyone else saying anything about them. Nine driven over these plains years ago. That sort of thing has
chances out of teri if you do say anything even as a compli- now ceased. Concentrated farming and stock raising is now
ment, they will take offense and write the editor about it.
the rule of the day.
The view from the townsite, so often mentioned, is certainly
Llano is a much talked of place. Thousands of people have
heard of us. More thousands will continue to hear of us. grand. But it is unsafe to attempt to describe it. The T ehachEach individual has his own notions of what we are like and api mountains lie to the north and west and act as a great
what the place is like. Some arrive and are not disappointed wall, and no two views ever seem the same. They are from
- the farm lies as they thought, the scenery is just as they fifty to one hundred and twenty-five miles away. The San
pictured, and everything else quite satisfactory. Others come Bernardino mountains are to the east of us at least forty-five
and are surprised that it is as it is. You see they had pictured miles. In the foothills there are many mines, and Victorville.
th;ngs and lived in a world of Make-Believe. We are fond of thirty-two miles away, is a trading point for the mountaineers
lying to ourselves. It is one of the most delightful human and miners. Some very high peaks are in this range and snow
characteristics. If we had to live always with pracfical peo- is visible most of the year on a few. Farther east are the
ple, life in a mosquito-infested swamp would be preferable. Sierra Nevadas, still farther, the Rockies, and beyond them
It is amusing to hear "Now let us get down to brass tacks." the Mississippi valley, the Appalachian chain, and finally New
Look out when you hear this. If it is a business transaction York and the Atlantic Ocean.
and you are not a business man, better hire a lawyer.
I want to make this geography plain so that our eastern
,
j
�The
W es t er n
C o mrade
friends may know just where we are and how to find us.
Nearer home, in our own valley, are the Lovejoy Buttes, a
rugged mass of rock with much mineral, ami at their base
gushes a spring. To the east are the Black Butte, the Gray
Butte, the Three Sisters, and numerous other great hard lumps
tha t have not yet been erodec:l. by Nature. A mirage, many
days of the year, makes beautiful these lonely sentinels of
the plains. Cities and oceans, ships and forests, buildings and
people ca n be seen in the early morning if the imagination is
vivid enough . a nd it ma kes one feel that these things cannot
be so fa r away, or else we should not see them just out there.
The Sierra Madres lie just south of us, and on moonlight
nights this snow-covered range is transformeCI into mountains
of pu re silver. It is a tentless crea ture indeed, that cannot
see a bea uty in these southern hills, ranging from 6000 to
9500 feet above sea level. It is from these snow sides that
the Big Rock receives some of its water although the real origin
is from a series o f springs at a n elevation of 6500 feet, ten
an-:1 a half miles south of the Colony.
When the ha nd of ma n has overcome the ha rshness of nature a;Jd brought under control the la nd, magnificent fruit is
Page fifteen
wilderness and bre.. k ground. Comrade Burkhart started' seven years ago in the Pallet valley and is just beginning to
reap returns from his .l.a.nc;ls.
As a rule we lciol< for fi·nished products and are only satisfied with them. To see the Valyermo ranch is to satisfy the
mind, and at Little Rock, ten miles to the west, hundreds of
acres are to be found in .pears, with the reputation of the finest
pears in the world. Uano has pear orchards growing.
It requires a botanist to do justice to the vegetation of the
Valley. Nearly every month in the year a flower blooms here.
The spring months bring forth an abundance of small ground
flowers of great beauty. Millions of them strew the sands
like a carpet, while waving above them the five different
varieties of sage nod and bloom, and afford succulent forag~
for the millions of bees.
junipers dot the hillsides just above the Colony and are
evergreen. Mistletoe often displaces the natural foliage and
finally kills the twisted but hardy juniper.
The foliage and the vegetation create a tremendous inpression on the mind. The colors of the valley, looking from
above, are bewildering, and our artist friends go wild about it.
This fi ne f1 eld o f cabbage
sho ws convinc ingly tha t th~
l.la no lands arc fe rtile and
p rod uc ti ve. The more than
100 ac res to be plan ted this
year to vegetables sho uld
a mply provide fo r th e ex pected grow th in popula tion.
p ump.{ Ins,
Caul: flowers,
,.
squash,
c uc umbers,
melo ns,
tomatoes, produce splendidly
a t Llano.
grown, a nd acco rding to our fa rmers the best alfalfa in the
world can be raised in the Antelope Valley.
Back of us lie the Shoemaker, the Valyermo and the West
ra nches. Each raises fine fruit. T he Colony picked the pears,
a pples a nd peaches of these ranches last season, and our
sha re, many thousands of gallons, were canned in our cannery. These are old ra nches. The country was wild indeed
when these hardy pioneers plotted these fa rms and started
development. Today however they are show places; and a
brief visit to them will show wha t the la nd is capable of.
Lla no is not old enough to demonstra te the agricultural a nd
horticultural possibilities, but it can safely be said tha t if the
people who come here will be patient for a few years and
put as much effort to the soil as have these old ranchers, the
Colony will have a magnificent estate. We are more favorably located than any of them, and wi~h co-operation in action
we surely should be able in a few years to _create a veritable
garden in the midst of the desert.
Still fa rther to the south, and considerably higher, lies the
Pallet Valley, in which a re several prosperous ranches. It
took considerable courage years ago to go into that virgin
Once in a while a prosaic individual, when well-fed, can c-ten
en thuse over its beauties.
The opals a nd blues and ultramarines, and the kaleidoscope
of colors morning and night must be seen to be appreciated,
yet I am aware that thousands would say that the important
thing is the raising of beans. But artists differ from the .agriculturist and the machinist. I know this for I have taken lots
of photographers over the ranch, and to an artist a photographer is nothing but a machine.
A friend back east wants to know from a friend here if
Llano is as picturesque as I paint it. Yes, and more so. But
we can't eat it, and from now on I am strong for beans, peas,
and lentils, and other useful things of that nature-so that
when we are full of these things we can see the picuresque
side. Whether or not your feet are cold makes a lot of difference whether or not Llano is picturesque. It may not be picturesque to you, but it is the most interesting place in the
world, and the nucleus of the biggest idea in the universe.
We have splendid people here. It takes strong people to
like this idea. If they weren't above the average, Llano would
have no attractions.
�The
Page sixteen
We s I ern
Comrade ' .
•
Declaration
0
f I rid u
By the Co-operative
BI
ELIEVING that the remedy for the larger par! of the
l existing social and industrial evils that afflict our
times lie_s in th~ most thorough and scientific organizatiOn of mdustnes under a system that legally guarantees a practical and certain uniformity of results, and the
responsible and just administration of the industrial powers
so organized:
And believing further, that such an industrial system can
best be initiated and developed under the auspices of a national association having for its declared purpose,First,-the acquisition of land for social use and the founding of an industrial system by which the workers shall at all
· times be guaranteed the laregst measure of freedon in the
exercise of their physical and intellectual powers and faculties,
the broadest range of opportunities to engage in producing the
necessaries, comforts, and luxuries of li.fe, and in the enjoyment of the full social value of their labor.
Second,-the establishing of a system of co-operative banking and exchange by which the extortions of the money-lender
and exchanger of the products of labor may be avoided; and,
Third,- the founding of an educational system under which.
the workers may be made familiar with the principles of cooperative ownership of industries, and the best and most
modern methods by which the greatest economic results are
today achieved:We, the undersigned, tender fraternal greetings to all who
are working and hoping for a free and just industrial system
and for a safe and sane political regime; and we hereby announce and proclaim the foregoing principles as the foundation upon which we ask you to join in establishing such a
social order.
We declare that the exercise of public functions by private
combinations for private profit is Wilsteful in its general results, un just to the laboring and producing classes, and constitutes the last remaining barrier to industrial freedom and
social justice.
We declare that the world has arrived at an age in the
development of the machinery of production and c:Jistribution
in which it is physic<~ lly possible to produce and distribute
an abundance of everything for every human need if industry
were freed frorn private ownership of public utilities and
monopoly of fertile but unused hmd, and- production for use
instead of for profit were made the law of industrial life.
We declare that throughout the country millions of workers
are without employment; millions of consumers with nothing
to consume; millions of producers shut off from all means of
;
I
production; millions of superfluous men for whom there are
no places, and that these millions, starving for places no less
than for bread, constitute a constant menace to the tenure
of those who have employment.
We declare that monopoly of land and private ownership
of labor-employing industries for private profit is the prime
cause of this condition, and that wage earners who have
present employment c<~n entertain but little hope for permanent position or steady wages, much less an increase thereof,
A -Friend
I
.' d like to be the sort of friend that you have been to me,
I'd like to be the help that you've been always glad to be,
I'd like to mean as much to you each minute of the day
As you have meant, old friend of mine, to me along the way.
I'd like to do the big things and the splendid things for you,
To brush the gray from out your skies and leave them only blue;
I'd like to say the kind things that I so oft have heard
And feel that I could rouse your soul the way that mine you've stirr
in the face of such a condition. And when to this condition is
added the ever-increasing machine facilities for production,
the increasing organization and concentration of industrial
power, and the increasing greed and selfishness of employing
ownership, all driving steadily to the decrease of the employed
and the increase of the unemployed-what is left to them of
hope but its dregs, despair?
We declare that the problem of millions of acres of land
without workers, millions of workers without land or opportunity to produce the necessaries of life, and millions of men,
women, and children suffering for lack of the harvests which
the now idle land could be made to yield, will never be solved
until industrial co-operation by the workers supersedes the
wage-profit system.
We declare that there are millions of acres of fertile land
which might be socialized through a co-operative organization,
and that there is an element of society able and willing to
contribute sufficient means to this end whenever a responsible,
�The We s tern
C"omrade
strial Independence
Workers of the World
national organization shall appear with an adequate, safe,
and practicable plan.
We declare that it is possible and practicable for society
to employ all the workers at useful and productive labor all
the time, and that an army of unemployed workers is an
economic loss to the state, wholly unecessary and preventable, and constitutes a prolific source and cause of crime;
but whereas such an unemployed element of society is a
direct result and necessary asset of land monopoly and pri-
s Greeting
I'd like to give you back the joy that you have given me,
Yet that were wishing you a need I ·hope will never be;
I'd like to make you feel as rich as I. who travel on
Undaunted in the darkest hours with you to lean upon.
I'm wishing at this Christmas time that I could but repay
A portion of the gladness that you've strewn along my way.
And could I have one wish this year, this only would it be:
I'd like to be the sort of friend that you have been to me.
- Detroit Free Press.
vate ownership of industries, we declare that no relief (po·litical, industrial, or educational) of a permanent character
may be expected from the political defenders of the wageprofit system.
We declare that Socialism means the most perfect and
comprehensive organization of industries, the most precise
and business-like methods in their operation, and the most
adequate supervi~ion and control of the powers so organized and operated, to the end that none may be oppressed
and that the final result may be a co-sharing by the coworkers. That it will be a condition of society existing
when labor has learned the lesson of industrial co-operation instead of working against itself in warring factions
and competitive groups. That it concerns and relates to
the material, everyday affairs of industrial life. That it
means responsible co-operation in production and distribution and is practicable to a degree superior to the competitive system. That it will be a state or condition of
labor ownership of industries responsible to the people in
every detail · and particular, and that when the workers desire to live under such conditions as the socialization of industries will guarantee, the movement will have gained a
force and momentum before which private capital ownership will be swept aside, and its selfish laws and courts and
constitutions dissolved and re-organized upon a basis of industrial justice in the great revolution of ownership which
will then take place.
We declare that it is the duty of the people through the
exercise of their political powers and functions to establish the foregoing principles in government and correct the
evils pointed out; but until such program can be effected
through political action, we declare there is no course left
for those who desire to realize these ideals but to establish
them as they best may through private organization until
the government does its full duty to the people in this respect.
We declare that upon justice in. material things must justice in all things at last depend. That this is the primal
law of social and industrial life, the foundation principle
of order and government among men. That man's first right
is here, and here, his sacred duty-to secure this right for
himself. to render it sacredly to others.
And being profoundly impressed with the truth of the
foregoing principles, we, the undersigned, hereby associate
ourselves together as a Provisional Committee of Arrangements for the purpose of effecting a realization ·of these
ideals. and we pledge ourselves to aid in every honorable
way in our power in est<'lblishing such industrial, educational,
and exchange systems, and to that end we call upon all
who favor the Co-operative idea and principle to organize
Co-operative Commonwealth Clubs, to study and teach industrial co-operation, to organize co-operative industries and
exchanges wherever practicable, and choose representatives
to an Industrial Congress for the purpose of establishing the
Co-operative Commonwealth Foundation.
And we finally declare that the Co-operative Commonwealth
shall be responsible to the general government for industria l
peace and order within its own jurisdiction.
And the time and place for convening such Industrial
Congress shall be determined by a referendum vote of such
dubs.
JOB HARRIMAN,
(Signed)
Llano, California.
CLINTON BANCROFT.
Carrolls, Washington.
�PROPAGANDA
Page eighteen
Broad~r
Organization Needed
THE Soc-ialist Party when it faces the election ret'urns of
1916 must do some hard thinking. Its first task.is some.
honest soul searching for the cause of its failure to win or
hold any considerable fraction of the working class. It will
have to apply its· basic materialistic principles to the facts.
And when it does it will discover that it has failed thus far
because it has not put before the workers an issue at ·once
vital enough in importance and sufficiently near of realization
to make their allegiace of direct and immediate benefit to
them. It will discover that a political party cannot be organ- ·
ized around the shifting tenets of a political theory; that the
only firm bond is the material interest of industrial grpups.
So Comrade Harriman's proposal that the Socialist Party
shall connect up with the labor and co-operative movements
is very timely.
•
_~
We cannot expect that immediately the party organization
shall conduct a department to promote co-operative enterprises.
But it must broaden its form o-f organization so that co-operators, by virtue of their membership in a co-operative enterprise, may be members of the Socialist Party. Already the
Socialist Pa rty endorses labor unions and contributes materially to their aid in strikes and lock-outs. It must do more.
It must permit union men, whose time is so largely absorbed
by the everyday necessa ry business of their unions, to be
members of the Socialist Party by virtue of the:r membership
in the union 5.
Ultimately co-operative, union, and polit:cal club must be
allied upon the indestructible basis of mutual intere ~ t s and a
common aim. Big business has effected a close a lliance and
is able to domin ate the capitalist parties.- Its strength is enormous. In the face of it can anyone doubt the necessity of
the working people "mobilizing" a ll the:r sources of strength
if they hope to prevail in the tremendous class struggle that
approaches its climax in ever intensifying conflicts?
CAMERON H. KING.
JT
The
Western
Comrade
Keeping Us Out of War
The maple leaves were turning from green to bright red,
yellow and'magenta. Summer had waned and passed and the
year 1920 was drawing to a close. A man lolling luxuriantly
behind the highly polished glass windows of a Fifth Avenue
club suddenly sat bolt upright. He stared out on ~he street
where for hours an endless stream of marching men had plodded along. Now and then loud shouts and wild cheers had
sent a wave of annoyance across the portion of the clubman's
face that was visible above the grisly, bristling beard. Suddenly light came into the lack-lustre eye and as he leaned forward and stared he clutched fiercely and sank his fingers into
the arms of the upholstered chair. Then the unnerved man
Party Too Theoretical
is apparent to anyone who has made a careful study ol
the Socialist movement of the world that our party in the
United States is too dogmatic-that it must become less theoretical and more practical or it will petrify into another Social- CAN LLANO GARDENS GROW VEGETABLES? Here is the best answer
ist Labor Party.
to the question that we know of- and these were not specially oelected,
either. As to quality. it cannot be surpassed anywhere. This year's
Instead of being, as it should be, the political expression of
production is expected to vastly surpass that of last year in every way.
the unions and the co-operatives, the party has stood aloof and
sometimes even antagonized them. Instead of bending itself to
cement into law, and secure general recognition for the gains shouted aloud and his strident voice brought half a score of
made in the industrial and co-operative fields, the party has liveried flunkies running.
_
too often stood b(lck and theorized and done nothing.
"Quick, boy, bring me pens, ink, telegraph blanks!"
Every place where those dogmatists have had control the
"What's the matter, Charlie?" asked a fellow clubman.
energy of the movement has been wasted in foolish theoretical
''I'm _going1 to congratulate Woodrow on his election." ansdiscussions, in making rules and in "disciplining" the members, wered the perturbed- one.
with the result that the movement has withered. Witness the
"But, Mr. Hughes," said a sympathetic bystander, "he was
Socialist Labor Party, the Social Democraic Federation of Eng- elected long years ago."
land and many of the parties formerly existing in F ranee.
"Yes, yes, I heard that story in 1916, but I put little creOn the other hand, where the party has been a real Iabar dence in it. I have been waiting for the returns from Watts.
party instead of a philosophical debating society, it has gained California."
Ill numbers and power.
Witness, prior to the war, the labor
"But what convinces you now?"
party of England. the Socialist Parties of Germany, Austria,
"See that banner, there. Read it. If it is true, then WoodBelgium, Denmark, and of other European countries. We of . row must be President."
the United States must take note of the facts and_direct our
All eyes turned toward a huge banner carried by twenty-five
energies to action rather than to idle theorizing.
stalwart Wall Street speculators. The wording read: "Defeat
Wilsoq for the third term. He is keeping us out of War."
GEO. W. DOWNING.
�The
\
Western
EDUCATION
Comrade
P&ge nineteen
I
·Our Industrial School
T
I
1
-~ rN
months ago there was nothing exce;t the little
two-room adobe schoolhouse on the spot where the
junior Colony now stands.
-~The land all around, except a small garden at the
Tilghman place, was covered with sage brush, yuccas, and
grease wood. The five upper grades of the grammar school
held daily session in the adobe school building. School, to
the children, was a rather monotonous routine of studying
and reciting, varied only by the two short recesses.
One beautiful March day a man of energy and initiative
came to the school. He talked to the children about Llano
and its ideals of co-operation. He told them that some day
they would have the Colony in their own hands, and that they
must learn to work and to co-operate. He said that he was
there to help them choose their life work.
The children were enhusiastic from the very beginning.
They organized classes in agriculture. The tendency to destroy everything in sight was replaced by an ambition to become active members of the community. Nearly every child
responded readily to this call of his better self. The children
organized a club for their own welfare; they started to build
a clubhouse; they sent for seeds and planted vegetable and
flower gardens. They took an interest unknown or undreamed
of before. The children came early and stayed late. Thi;
miracle was performed by no other than that human dynamo,
George T. Pickett.
The first Sunday in April a big dinner was held at the new
colony. Two hundred and len people were served. That :was
the first meal served at the junior Colony and the end is not
~I of the school children, numbering about eighty, and
art average of twenty men who worked in that vicinity, were
fed each day. This feeding of the school children is a great
saving to the Colony, for much of a cold lunch, carried by the
child, is wasted. Mrs. Pickett was a tireless worker in this department. The children were drawn closer and closer together and they were beginning to learn real co-operation.
They had the foundation to the clubhouse well under way,
and a small chicken house completed when school was dismissed for the summer vacation.
Then the work started with renewed energy. In May they
had bought 1180 little chicks. From these they succeeded
in raising over one thousand chickens. That is a record any
poultry man would be proud of. The little chicken house
was becoming so crowded that the boys built another larger
one, also of adobe. They then built a house for Mr. and
Mrs. Pickett. After that a cellar was built with a room above.
Some excellent work wa~ done on these buildings under the
direction of Mr. West.
The garden which the children had planted was doing so
well that the garden of the Colony, some 75 acres, was also
given into their hands. How to plant, when to plant, soil chemistry, irrigation, and the preparation of vegetables for the
market were studied industriously.
A summer school was organized and those children who
wished to do so, studied during the summer. Attendance
was not compulsory. Those who desired to do so, went to
school and those who cared about other things did those other
things. All were learning, some from books, some from doing,
some from both; but all were learning.
When the public school reopened on October 2nd, another
school was organized. This is called by some the Radical
school, because its aim is to give the pupils the best of everyj
By Mil d r e d T r a v i s
thing in a new way, to break ·away from the old methods and
old curricula to teach radical, up-to-the-minute subjects in
radical, up-to-the-minute ways, with radical teachers at the
head. By others it is called the Industrial school, because its
aim is to teach the pupil any industry he wishes to learn, as
well as to give him a knowledge of books. The aim is to
afford each pupil all possible facilities for learning any vocation. In truth, it is both a Radical and an Industrial school,
and neither name alone expresses its entire significance. The
two names should be used together, for it is really a Radical
·
'
Industrial School.
In the beginning, three months ago, there were only eight
pupils enrolled at this school. The first teachers were two in
number. All sorts of hardships were endured, but lack of
materials to work with and poor accommodations failed to discourage these dauntless teachers and pupils. The school grew
rapidly. Mrs. Pickett gave up her home as few women would
have done. She had the yision-that was why she did it.
Her dining room became a school room. T abies were brought
in and a class formed around each table.
Inside work is not all the children do by any means. They
have their own horses, cows, goats, sheep, rabbits, chickens,
pigs, and turkeys. They take care of all of these things and
some pets they have, a couple of wild-cats, a hawk, and a
few other wild animals and birds. Besides this they have
built fences, goat-pens, rabbit hutches and all necessary buildings. Work was often delayed weeks at a time for lack of
facilities to work with. An insufficient supply of lumber usually lay at the root of the matter. The boys hauled lime,
rock and adobe to build with, and they were tireless in their
efforts to make the Junior Colony the biggest thing on the
whole ranch.
And still the school grew! · New teachers came and offered
their services. New pupils joined the ranks, two or three
coming at a time. People came to visit the school and all
were amazed at the progress. They wanted to do their little
to help. Donations started flowing into the ]•.•!!;~! Colony.
'Men and women with big hearts, some with long purse-stJ;i1g~
and some not so long, gave liberally to this institution of
learning. Donations of all sorts came, ranging all the way
from dictionaries to baseballs, from a dozen towels to a chest
of new tools. These helped set the school on its feet. It is
standing on a good foundation, that of a true ideal. Truth
will always prevail, and this school will stand where all others
fall. Nothing can prevent it.
Plans for next year are not overshadowed by present problems. One hundred acres of garden will be raised this year.
Corn, peas, beans, and tomatoes will be raised for canning.
Sweet potatoes will also receive a great deal of attention.
The permanent rhubarb and asparagus beds for Llano will
be located at the junior Colony. All of the grain needed for
chicken feed will be raised. The children expect to raise a
thousand turkeys and they are going quite extensively into
the raising of bulbs.
At the present time there are more than fifty pupils enrolled at the Industrial school. From the time the children
arrive in the morning until the time they leave in the evening,
they are learning. Nearly e~ery conceivable subject is taught.
The teachers in this unique 5chool are not asked to present
a certificate. It is doubtful if more than one of them holds a
certificate which would entitle him to teach in Los Angeles
_
(Continued on Page twenty)
'
�EDUCATION
Page twenty
fi
The
Training f9r Service
Western
Comrad,.
By Frank E. wolfe
-J like it better here because we don't have to work ha~d - schools under capitalism even in form. The greatest difference
to learn" said a bright faced lad at our embryomc · wiJI be in the motive. Capitalism trains the youth to the end
I Manual Training School at Llano.
that the worker may create more profits, and more efficient proThe boy was trying to give expression to the idea ductive workers may be available. CoJlectivism wiJI train the
that learnin g was not such a bugbear as he had once believed youth that he may render better service to society. The one
·
is concerned only in producing for profit-the other in proit to be.
The facts are the children both work and learn, bul this clueing for use.
under a system that makes the work of such absorbing inIn training our young people the idea that wiJI dominate
teres! that there is no drudgery and the learning so incidental will be that greater social service may be rendered-thus that
that there is no labor.
greater joy may come to the ones that render the service.
Our industrial school is in a .formative state but there are
"I interest my pupils in their work by telling them if they
well thought out ideas and plans that eventually will result in become proficient here they will be paid a doll ar a day more
bringing together education and industry. Long "have these when they go to work," said a teacher in a Manual Arts High
been separated and the rejoining of them- has only ·been under- School. She smirked in her proper pride until a woman asked
taken when the demand for more profits has called for more her: "And do you tell them that for that additional dollar they
and more efficiency on the part of the producers of wealth. will be expected, no, compelled, to pro::luce ten dollars addiOut of this demand have sprung Manual Training Schools cal- tiona! profits for the employers who will be exploiting their
culated to fit the half educated for greater service to the ex- proficiency? Do you tell them that your school is maintained
plaiting groups. Formerly infor that purpose? Do they know
dustry and education were joined
they are being trained to bebut that was in the long ago.
come more efficient earners of
Industry was, as a primitive and
training our children as in many other enterprofits fo r others?"
necessary social element, the first
prises our hopes are high, our dreams are
One school teacher's educain the field. Education followed.
tion began then and -there.
I d
large, but the goal is so glorious in the future
As education is a process toward
n ustry under capitalism has
a social end it is in itself simply
that it is beyond our vision today. We know the
become the slave master. Thi~
a process-a road to enlightenneeds of the time and the hour, but the needs of
is the inevitable outgrowth of
ment.
the coming year lie with the wonderful Llano
production for profit. Things
Manana- the Llano of tomorrow.
are made to be sold and broken
At Llano much stress will be
laid upon education that will deal
or destroyed. Flimsy fabrication
with making better, stronger and
is cultivated because use is subhealthier human bodies. This
merged for profit.
seems to be an inevitable feature of the industrial side, as
Learning by doing will grow, and a deeper understanding of
no great industrial achievement could spring from the anre- the meaning of expression will come as the young people
mic and academic.
develop at Llano. This growth is so rapid that the developThe industrial school under Socialism will not resemble the ment more than meets our expectations.
-
I
IN
0 u r In dust ria I s c h 0 0 I
County schools. These teachers know something worth knowing and they can impart that knowledge to others, therefore
they are qualified to teach. The final test is not in what a
piece of paper says you have done, but in what you can do.
Each of them has specialized in his particular line of
work. Miss Austin, for instance, teaches Science, English,
German, French, Spanish, and Latin. All of these subjects
are intensely interesting to the pupils. Comrade john Shafer
teaches band music especially. The boys practise on their
instruments at all hours and seem never to get enough music.
Comrade Miller teaches Geography, advanced Arithmetic and
History, but he specializes in Manual training. Under his
direction the boys who live at the Junior Colony have made
their own bedsteads.
Wesley Zornes has classes in agriculture and biology, which
are also always fascinating to the children. Comrade Staples
instructs the children in voice culture and physical culture .
Mrs. Smith spends most of her time with the little · children
giving them the subjects usuaJly taught in the public schools:
One big, overgrown boy of fifteen , who never before read
~ boo~ or a paper except under compulsion, now takes a
hvely mterest m the work of the ranch and in reading every-
{Continued from Page nineteen)
thing in sight. The other day he unloaded some lumber for
the barn which the boys are building. After he had finished
he came runnin g into the house with "Mr. Pickett, we have
got 772 feet of lumber." "Are you sure that is right?" asked
Mr. Fickett. The boy answered that he had figured it up and
that was the result. He proved to be right, exactly to the
foot. That boy has learned somethin g he will never forget
- how to fi gure lumber.
Another chubby little youngster, eleven years old, is becoming a book-keeper. He keeps an accurate account of all
the vegetables that leave the colony and also an account of
all things that come in. He also figured the amount of
lumber in this load. He volunteered to do this work of keeping accounts, and right there he is learning a valuable lesson
which will never be forgotten.
Still another boy of about the same age took charge of
the tools. He hung them on nails on the inside of the barn ,
and drew an outline of each tool exactly as it hung on the
wall. Only the one tool which belongs there will exactly fit
the picture, so that anyone can immediately teJI what tools
are missing, if any. Many other such incidents could be
_mentioned, but lack of space forbids.
�•'
The
Western
Comrade
ACRICUL;I'URE
Page twenty-one
The Senses of Plants
- - -o plants think? Of late years so~e bota~ists say
that they have discovered senses in plants which
connect their limited existence with their environment. Plants have senses we do not possess. Our
~enses are limited to hearing, seeing, feeling, smelling and
tasting. With these senses we are able to set up a telegraphic
communication with our world.· Who knows that there are not
untold phenomena escaping our senses? Our ear-drums are
only capable of receiving a limited number of sound vibrations per second. Some scientists say that if we were capable of receiving all of the sound waves that life would be a
medley of noises. The eye is capable of receiving. only a
· certain number of light waves per second. The range is small.
Outside of our limited existence there lies a world untouched,
unheard and unexplored. This knowledge opens up to us a
vast expanse- a world unknown. Life has no boundaries;
the inevitable law of change transforms matter into new forms.
We are shut in by a narrow vision of life. Plants experience
sensations which we cannot. We discovered the law of gravity
by witnessing a result. Plants are sensitive of gravitational
law. Its roots grow downward. Its branches grow upward.
If a young tree is bent it will attempt to regain its normal
position.
·
The small tentacles of the ivy searching for a hold on some
support can be compared to the claws of the animal. It
serves a similar purpose. Its movements show perception and
discrimina tion; for it always seeks the place where it can
best secure a hold.
The helitropic movements of plants show how fine are their
1
1
DI
By W es I e y Z o r n u
sense of light and heat.' The leaves arrange themselves so
that they will get the greatest amount of light according to
their a rea. Notice the leaf arrangement of the ivy. Can these
great physical phenomena be attributed to chance? They can
only be explained as consciousness in some form on the p<~rt
of the plant; for each leaf of the ivy alternates with the next
leaf so that no leaf shades the other. The leaf needs sunlight. The question is: Is the plant aware of this fact?
The carnivorous habits of the sundew can only be explained by a conscious direction of some kind. It secretes a
sticky fluid which is sought by insects. When a fly alight:;
for its repast, it at once becomes entangled in this fluid. Then
a wonderful phenomenon takes place as the leaves slowly but
certainly encircle the victim. This fluid is similar to the digestive fluids of our bodies, and assimilates the food contained
in the fly's body.
The spermatozoa of the fern are attracted by sweetened
water. The egg is attracted by the same food. In this nature
provides through taste sensation of the plants for the continued
propagation of the plant. The sperm and egg seeking the
same food naturally come together and fertilization takes
place. Likewise the sperm of the club mosses finds the egg
swimming about in a drop of dew. The sperm and the egg
are both attracted by malic acid, and thus attracted by the
same food, fertilization is accomplished.
We are led to believe through the observation of these
and similar facts, that in the near future sense organs of plants
will be discovered.
Natural Fruit Soil
Combat Pear Blight
By 0 I i v e r Z o r n e s
By 0 I i v e r Z o r n e s
;
IR
-- -oOTS grow for moisture and plant food. Desert plants
a re deep rooted. Plants grown in humid areas have
'[ a shallow root system.
Oxidation cannot take place when oxygen is excluded from the soil. When soil is saturated with water, air
is excluded. When the soil dries during the growing months
of the year, oxidation takes place, but the under soil which
still holds its water is not penetrated and very little oxidation
takes place here. Such a soil is adapted to the growing of
shallow rooted plants.
Desert areas are being irrigated and planted to orchards
because of their great soil depths. Root crops can generaUy
be grown on this soil, and alfalfa is one of its best crops.
Wheat is also grown with success and the soil is almost inexhaustible.
Scientific farmers are learning how to handle the soils of
the humid areas. When they plant a tree they blast the hole.
Their intertillage is also deep, thus forcing the roots downward and allowing the air to penetrate the soil to a greater
depth. Deep plowing and even subsoiling is practiced.
The expense of this work may, however, offset the profits
to be made, while in the arid regions the lack of nitrogen in
available form is the chief drawback. This can be best
supplied by the addition of compost or green manure, by
cultivation, or by the growing of some legume, such as peas,
vetch, clover or beans.
---rw
N
is the time to cut all hold over blight from your
orchards. The knife is the only method yet discovered of eradicating pear blight, and it can be
- eradicated only where all the orchardists cut scientifically. The blight starts on the last growth on a pear or
where the sap has been exposed by a cut or break in the
bark. The limbs that are affected have the appearance of
being burnt. All cutting should be done at least one foot
below any signs of the blight and the tools well disinfected
after each cut. The blight is caused by a microscopic germ
which travels in the sap of the tree, and bees or insects may
scatter these germs. One should burn all cuttings to avoid
this danger. Blight is known to affect apple trees but seldom
does much harm and generally stops at the base of the twig.
There is danger of the roots becoming affected with the germ
where it cannot be controlled. It may go down some water
spout.
The Ango and Winter Nellies are to some extent blight resisting and Bartletts may be budded to their roots, thus lessening danger of root blight. The japanese root is also blight
resisting and will perhaps be used in the near future.
Care should always-be taken in the growing of pears not to
use an excess of water, which is likely to cause a soft growth.
The last growth is the first to become affected and it travels
much faster. Keep the wqod as solid as possible.
I
. ..
�Page twenty-two
The
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
Western
Comra'de
What Jhinkers Think
The Substance of Instructive Articles
HARPER'S
Grammar: The Bane of Boybood.-ln childhood memory and imagination are both very active--analysis, comparison, and abstraction are
little developed. Few children understand or remember any of the
grammar work they are forced to do. Composition can only be taught
f rorh the standpoint that every written exercise involves two personsthe writer and the reader. The child must express his own thoughts to
a person who comes within the range of his understanding, i. e., .a nother
child. Discard all theories and be only a loving man or woman, working
and playing with the child. - Burgess Johnson.
Fitting the Man to the Job.-Modern ·efficiency uses every ounce of material and ··all the pig but the squeal," but casts thousands of human beings
on the scrap heap as valueless. Each person ''hired and lire~· as inefficient costs the company from $50 to $200 in waste of time and material. This
leakage often means the difference between success and failure and incidentally Hoods the country with "floaters." The theory is now gaining
repute tha t every person can do something and that it is the most urgent
problem of the day to lind each individual his appointed place. Starting
with the roughest class of workmen by . studying their respective abilities
Ford has nearly doubled the output of his plant.- Burton j. Hendrick.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
The Election and Prohibition.-60 per cent of the population and
over 85 per cent of the area of the country are now under prohibition
law. There is a strong chance that the party leaders will accomplish
the major portion of their program, namely, the submitting of a constitutional amendment to the vote of the sta tes and the enactment of
a prohibition measure for the District of Columbia. The President will
veto this las t measure unless it is conditional upon a referendum to the
people of the national capital. Congress will be largely occupied by
"preparedness' measures. but the argument is that prohibition would
accomplish a higher degree of preparedness than all the other proposals
put together. - L. Ames Brown.
Death-doors and Asphodel.-To the pagan death was inevitable and
thus to be accepted with calmness and dignity. The Greek clothed it
in a form of beauty-asphodel meadows and twilight- a veil to hide
its ugliness and a light to illuminate its truth. The medieval mind shuddered before its spectre and bricked up the doors from which the dead
had been carried forth. that the Spirit of Death should not be able to
re-enter the house. This scientific age experiments with the great mystery. It is true that no sounds have reached us from the beyond that
can compare in grandeur and majesty with its unbroken silence, yet
echoes reach us which give new meaning to the great research and these
echoes of the spirit stir the imagination- they resolve the blackness
of death into many hues and qualities of color. -Gertrude E. Slaugh ter.
LITERARY DIGEST
Railroads Inviting a New Yoke.-Mr. Alfred P. Thorn, counsel fo r the
railway executives· advisory committee. gives testimony to the fact that
the railroads would welcome the following changes : Assumption of entire
power of :egula tion by the National Government Federal Incorporation;
the creation of a new national railroad commission, to take the place of
the Interstate Commerce Commission; and exclusive power in the Federal
Government to supervise iss.ues of railroad securities. The railroads .. accept
the view Jhat regulation is a permanent and enduring fact of Government
in America," but they wish the regulation to be exercised by one suprem~
authority rather than by forty-nine conflicting o nes. "If something is not
done Government ownership will come and Sta te control of all sorts
will cease."
Feed America First.- There is a strong feeling in favor of embargo
measures that would " starve the war and feed America." Of what profit
is it if our foreign trade is to grow up by leap~ and bounds .while our
people are brought to the verge of starvation by it? However, the embargo
would provoke retaliatory measures. We are a t the mercy of Great Britain
for supplies of wool and plantation rubber, for example. The high price .
of wheat has induced the sowing of winter wheat over the widest possible - ~
area, and al10gether it is an immensely complicated subject and the more
it is discussed the slower will Congress be to . act.
'
THE FRA
A Show-down and a Show-up.-Somebody must evolve a new economic
belief, a new fraternal justice for both Capital and Labor. Accept the
labor leaders and try to get their view point. Labor whined and. begged for
In
December Magazines
a time and then it got together and organized. ·Now Labor issues orders
and Capital will obey those orders more and more from now on. Labor
has Capital out-numbered. Competition is a failure and Co-operation
comes ! Business is a science, the accumulation of money a disease! -F.Shay.
METROPOLITAN
What Our Government 0 11ght to Be and Ought to Do.-Because our
Legislature is not responsible to the popular will, we have fallen behind
England, Germany, and France, and still further in the rear of Australia and
New Zealand in onr industrial and social legislation. The idea that the
state is solely a political institution is becoming more and more untenable,
and when we are confronted after the war with competition from state
orgamzed and protected industries of Europe we will have no choice but
to either lead the progressive economic movement or to fall in behind it
a second rate power.- Eiwood Mead.
. Wild Men and Animals.-"ln a truly great horse (or man) there is an
a1r of freedom unconquerable. It is the birthright of eagles." Some criminals belong in thi~ class, they are doing wha t they think they have a right
to do. Society g•ves them orders to stop. They refuse. We jail them,
and stout, well-dressed persons who dodge taxes applaud the proceedings
and carefully avoid seeing and knowing what happens after the man is
jailed- that he deteriorates morally and physically and is eventually turned
out sick and embittered to "start again" in a world where no man will
I rust him. and that four or live thousand of such men are turned out every
year m the U. S. alone. Thomas Mott Osborne's way is to interest them
in learning to play the straight game.-Clarence Day, Jr.
THE MASSES
Utopian Reality.- People who picture a revolutionary ideal without suggestion of a method of procedure toward the ideal, have a comparatively
easy and primitive kind of vision. The democratic idea of progress that
comes from pers uading and propagating reasonable ideas is not adapted
to the real condihons. The real wond is a world where privilege can ouly
be uprooed by power. We o f the masses would like to &ssemble a power
that w1ll do somethmg. It IS easy to write reformers' opinions. The difficult thing is to do anything. None of us has tried that.- Max Eastman.
Believing in Arbitration on Principle.- lt is supposed that arbitration
means the ~ubstitution of reason fo r force. But an award successfully
1mp~sed IS JUSt as much a matter of fo rce as a strike. Strikers by with·
holdmg the1r labo r may force an employer to come to their terms. Or an
employer by using strike- breakers may do the same. But if an award
is opposed to the interests of the workers it is charged with violence even
more certainly than the strike. It does not throw b ricks but it does starve
out the workers. The only difference in the violence is that the misery
is prolonged.-H.M.
THE WORLD'S WORK
China America's Silent P~rtner.-Chinas nationalism is rapidly becoming
real, and they are drawing their political inspiration from us and along
repubhcan hnes. They trus t us and are surprised and hurt that we do
not give them decisive support, especially with the capital that they must
have to develop thei r resources. She wants peace and she wants progress, and m co-opera tion w1th us she can develop into an independenl
nation, whereas, left helpless in the hands of the forces which are contending for the control of her enormous assets, she will become a danger
in ihe Pacific.- J eremiah W. Jenks.
Staving off Old Age.-Act happy and you w1ll become so. Act young
and you w1ll remam so. You grow old because you do old things. The
body is a complicated machine and should be overhauled at frequent
intervals by an expert to be sure that no unnecessary process of wear
and tear is going on, and that no diseased condition is being established. Treat the machine intelligently and do not worry. Remember
that you do no t clench your hands because you are angry. You are
angry because you clench your hands. Act as you would be.-Hawthorne Daniel.
CENTURY
The Economic Heresy of the Allies.- The recent economic conference of
the Allies shows a disastrous a ttitude of fear and passion developed by the
war. Their program of boycotting the Central powers after the war would
upset the natural balance of economic interaction in such a way as to de~t roy their own interests as well as those of their enemies. Only the steadymg power of concerted achon by the neutrals can avert a condition of
chronic economic . warfare.-T. Lothrop Stoddard.
'
�The
Western
WOMEN'S DEPARTMENT •
Comrade
•
Women In Agriculture
l-
Page twenty-three
By M i I d r e d G. B u x t o n
- - oME time ago we thought it would be interesting to dinner. Baby goats are the cutest things in the world and
write up a little story on what women were doing in calves and colts are a never ending source of delight.
I
the live stock world.
I would advocate a thorough, practical course in agriculture
___
To our great surprise there were no statistics or and animal husbandry for ·every girl as part of her education.
real information of any general extent on the subject. Many
The agricultural world offers an unlimited field of activity
women have taken an interest in live stock for commercial for women. Power driven farm machinery has already rereasons; there are numbers of them now engaged .in the
moved the excuse that American women could not do the
business of raising blooded horses, cattle, dogs, cats, and tremendous physical work that our sisters in the war-ridden
chickens for the market, but only in the case of the chickens countries are doing of necessity. The work would give health,
a nd ca ts do we find women doing the actual work connected strength, steady nerves ; all in fact that makes life worth livwith the industry.
ing. Nothing is more fascinating that the feel and smell of
The same condition exists in agriculture. Many women the newly turned soil and the joy of watching the earth open
own beautiful ra nches and homes but most of the work . is with the pressure of the swelling plant, the tiny green shoots
turned over to others while the women seek amusement along that soon develop in flowers, fruits and vegetables; the mist
other lines- amusement which generally leaves them under the
that rises from the tille{earth in early spring-all these wonca re of a nerve specialist.
ders combine to make agriculThere is a joke in this too, beture a profession particularly
n use we have all known of
fitted for women.
physicia ns in cases of this kind
Steadiiless of eye, nerve, and .
to prescribe digging in the soil,
brain are characteristic of men
making ga rdens, raising flo wwho raise and care for animals
I am a woman free. My song
ers, a nything to keep them in
or who work in the soil. Men
Flows from my soul with. pure and joyful strength.
the open air a nd in close touch
who raise fine animals must
It shall be heard through all the noise of thingswith the steadying influence of
have self control first of allA song of joy where songs of joy were not.
nature.
a blow struck in anger or in a
My sister singers, singing in the past,
One cannot help wondering
moment of indignation would
Sang s<;>ngs of melody but not of joywhy this is so. S urely there is
be fatal in molding the h.abits
For woman's name was Sorrow, and the slave
nothin g more appealing to the
of a good horse, for instance.
Is never joyful tho he smiles.
feminine na ture tha n a helpless
Punctuality and regularity are
I a m a woma n free. Too long
little a nimal. Even little pigs
essential in both these indusI was held captive in the dust. Too long
a re a ttractive a nd they can be
tries, as only regular feeding,
l\1y soul was surfeited with toil or ease
made as interestin g and abcleaning, etc., will produce the
And rotted as the plaything of a slave.
sorbing as any card game or
healthy, well nourished animals
I am a woman free at last
tea table gossip ever was. They
that are the prize winners.
After the crumbling centuries of time.
peg around on their funny little
All the attributes mentioned
Free to achieve and understand;
stiff legs like mechanical toys;
are especially needed by woFree to become and live.
quickly learn to come when
men in their great task of bearcalled, a nd, as in the case of
ing and training children. The
I am a woman free. With face
some I have in mind, a re easily
poise and patience that come to
Turned toward the sun, I am advancing
taught to be cleanly. These
those who work with and wait
Toward love that is not lust,
little ones were always fed on
~ on nature would rouhd out
Towa rd work that is not pain,
.c haracter and bestow largeness
a large white cloth and after
Toward home which is the world,
and wisdom that would go well
that a large dish towel must
Toward motherhood which is not forced,
with the most important work
have looked like dinner to them
And toward the man who also must be free.
in the world, that which defor they would come running
-"A Woman Free and other Poems" by Ruth.
volves upon women as the
across the floor and smell
"Mothers of Men."
around it squealing for their
SI
Song of a Woman Free
As It Is
" IS the iron immodest when it creeps to the lodestone
and clings to its side?
Is the hen bird brazen when she flutters to her mate
responsive to his compelling woosong?
Is the seed immodest when it sinks into the ground and
swells with budding life?
.
Is the cloud bold when it softens into rain and falls, and
falls to earth because it has no other choice?
Or is it brazen when it nestles for a time on the bosom of
heaven's arched dome and sinking to the fathomless depths
of a blue black infinity, ceases to be itself?
Is the h.uman soul immodest when, drawn by a f~rce it
cannot resist, it seeks a stronger soul which absorbs its ego
as the blue sky absorbs the floating cloud, as the warm earth
swells the seed, as the magnet draws the iron?
All these are of one quality.
·
The iron, the seed, the cloud, and the rain, and the soul
of man are what they are, do what they do, love as they
love, live as they live, and die as they die, because they must
- because they have no other choice."
lsn 't this beautiful?
�Page twenty-four
FICTION
The
Western
Comrade
The · Lieutenant- Governor and the Pigtails
w!
By H e.J en Frances &a sl e y
,---HEN he told Bobby-Ann that, as far as he was con!
cerned, she would never grow up, he probably be-
l
lieved himself, at least he spoke in such a positive
I_ _
· manner that his hearers were convinced that he meant
what he said. Bobby-Ann's feelings were not the least bit hurt.
She had known the Honorable Andy, as she now called him,
as far back as she could remember, and she had been told
things by him, and had told things to him with such utter
frankness for so Ioong, that this seemed a very natural answer
to the question she had asked him. In fact it was al.l BobbyAnn's fault. If it had not been her High School graduation,
and had not the Honorable Andy been chosen as G>mmencement speaker, the incident would probably never ·have occurred.
Of course he had not always been the Honorable Andrew
Crawford, a nd it was he who had shortened the name of
Roberta Ann to Bobby-Ann. She had been five and he
twenty-one when they first met in her Uncle's office where
Andy was reading law. He had been merely "Andy" to her
then, a nd she adored him, he was the most wonderful playfellow in the world a nd she was disconsolate when he went
back to school in the fall. But when he graduated and was
admitted to the Ba r, he return ed to practice Law with her
Uncle. a nd Bobby-Ann had her playfellow back for a number of yea rs at least. But shortly a fter she entered High
School. he had been elec ted Sta te Representative, a nd it was
then that Bobby-Ann tacked on "The Honorable." At the
close of his term as representa tive he had been offered a
pa rtnership in an influential law firm in the Capital city, and
eve rythin g pointed to an eminently successful career.
Howeve r, he did not forget his friends in the little old home
town , nor they him, a nd they were glad indeed that he had
been able to accept the classes' in vitation to be their Commencement Day orator.
The little town had not outgrown the thrill caused by High
School graduation. As an event, it loomed large along with
a few other important days and was the first goal of consequence in the lives of the younger generation. The boardine
school idea had not yet infected the people and they looked
proudly towa rd the day when their boys and girls should re·ceive the diploma a nd full entrance credits to the State
University.
After it was all over, Bobby-Ann emphatically announced
that it was the loveliest commencement ever, the music, the
flowers. the girls' dresses, the boys' shiny shoes, and last but
not least, the Honorable Andy's address. He had walked home
with her, and her Aunt and Uncle were discussing the affair
with her.
"And you haven't seen me for nearly four years! Don't
you think I have grown?" she asked demurely as she rose.
still holding the huge bunch of American Beauties which had
been his gift to her, and turned slowly so that he might get
the entire effect of the extreme height of five feet, two inches,
hair done up, and a dress worn an "almost grown up" length.
She was an adorable picture as she looked at him over the
roses, and waited for his answer. It was then that he told her
that to him she would never grow up, never get out of the
pig-tail class, but tha t he would always remember her as a
little girl.
"Never?" she queried, and then she laughed gleefully.
"Oh! you Honorable Andy. That doesn't make me feel the
least bit bad. For when I get to be really old and feel sort
of timid about telling my age, I can just . remember that to
one man at least, I shall be like the heroine in 'Silver Threads
among the Gold'-always young and fair, you know."
"But who said anything about "young and fair," BobbyAnn?" he broke in, ''I'm sure I made no such remark. I
might remember you as a snub-nosed, freckle-faced youngster!
Somebody has been making complimentary speeches to you!
Who is the man?"
But instead of telling, Bobby-Ann merely made a face at
him, the sort of face that had served as an answer to a good
many of his questions ...,.hen she was a tiny girl, and he was
more convinced than ever that she would never grow up.
"And I'm going to California," she next informed him,
"to live with my Aunt Emma in Oakland. And you may
never see me again,"-this was said with impressive slowness,
"except perhaps if I should find a wife for you. Would you
,
come then?"
It had been one of Bobby-Ann's self-appointed tasks to
find Andy a wife, however, so far she had spent very little
time, but she felt that she could do her quest more justice
when she had more leisure.
Andy 'nodded.
"Brown eyes," he reminded her.
"Oh! I know," she answered quickly and half petulantly.
"You've always told me that, only I don't see why you are so
crazy about brown eyes."
Bobby-Ann's eyes were violets, sometimes, and again bright
sapphires, and at night almost black, but never, never, brown.
However, Andrew was firm in his requirement, Bobby-Ann
need search only among dark-eyed beauties when making a
match for him. And she did not resent it in the least that
he talked to her as he would have talked to a very small child.
He simply wouldn't have been Andy if he had talked in any
other way.
So he went back to his work and Bobby-Ann went to make
her home with her Aunt in California, a place with which
she promptly fell in love, with a passionate fondness that
children give to a wonderful beautiful big out-doors. And
while she was enjoying herself to the utmost, so thoroughly
that she forgot how the days had passed, until they mad-:
years, Andrew had gotten himself elected Lieutenant Governor, at least Bobby-Ann expressed it that way. The youngest
Lieutena nt Governor that the State had ever had. BobbyAnn was so glad that she was homesick. Actually homesick for the first time, and she was just on the road to recovery, when an item in the paper caused a serious relapse.
Bobby-Ann always read the papers thoroughly, no notice
escaped her, and here in big letters was announced that her
State, her very own State, in a very few weeks, was to send
a committee to raise the flag on their State building at the
Exposition grounds. All of Bobby-Ann's love and enthusiasm
for · California did not make her one whit less loyal to her
native state, and if there was to be any ceremony, she wanted
to be at least a spectator. Perhaps the Honorable Andy would
be one of the Committee! She hastened to the desk and began writing.
"Dear Honorable Andy," the note ran,
"I have just read that you are soon to send some
people out here for a patriotic demonstration, in a few
weeks, I think. It pleases me beyond words to think that
�The
Western
FICTION
Comrade
you said that I would never grow out of the pig-tail stage,
anyway as far sa you are concerned, and if you are to
have anything at all to do with the affair, I may be able
to take a real part, for I believe that it is customary to
have a small girl in a white dress raise the flag on such
occasions. And isn't a luncheon .usually a part of events
like that? There are perfectly enchanting places to eat
in San Fran cisco, and the view from the Fairmont is
gorgeous!
"It would be lovely if you were coming. I hope you
are, and please, if you are not too busy, may I hear from
you soon?
"As
ever,
Bobby-Ann"
The letter caused a pleasant interruption in Andrew's routime of work. He read it over several times, it was BobbyAnn from start to finish. Never having been in San Francisco. her remark about the view from the Fairmont seemed
irrelevant, however, if he had felt the slightest hesitancy
about the matter before, he was convinced now that nothing
m:.Jst hinder him from taking that trip, if f0r no other reason
than the view from the Fairmont, whatever it was. So his
!etter went back promptly.
"Dear Bobby-Ann,
"It grieves me to tell you that before your letter
reached me, the small daughter of the Superintendent of
Public Instruction had been chosen to raise the flag at the
Exposition Grounds. However, I hope that you will be
able to go with me to the ceremony, and afterwards go
with me to the luncheon, the place to be selected later. .
Our party leaves here a week from next Monday, and
that means that I shall hope to find you at home when I
call a week from next Wednesday evening. The Flagraising will be on Thursday, but after that, Bobby-Ann,
for three days you are to have charge of the program as
far as I am concerned.
As ever, yours,
Andy."
Bobby-Ann religiously crossed the days off the calendar
after receiving this letter. Never before had she wished time
away so recklessly. She could. scarcely wait for the hours
to pass. And when Wednesday evening arrived, she dressed
herself in her very prettiest dress and tried to wait patiently.
She had no idea how pretty she was, her eyes were like stars
and her cheeks were like roses. To think that Andy, her old
Andy, was coming to call.
Yet, when he did arrive, she felt herself enveloped in a
sudden shyness. Andy was indeed the same, yet very different, just how she couldn't explain, and she had no way of
knowing that he, too, felt the restraint, was in fact largely
to blame for it. He had come up the avenue picturing Bobby: · Ann as he had last seen her. But, strange to say, the fo~r
yeas since her graduation had made a much greater difference
than the four in High School. He had expected to see the
girl who couldn't grow up, and here he was talking to an
extremely beautiful young person, who did not in the least
remind him of pig-tails, although there was still a good deal
of the little girl in her sweet, direct gaze, and the same o!d
adorable laugh.
He told her about the home people and the visit was really
a pleasant one, but both were conscious that it lacked something they had· expected. Both felt that they had lost something of the old relationship and neither w&~ sl)re that there
would be any other to take its place.
Page twenty-6ve
That night Bobby-Ann regarded herself forlornly in her
mirror as she tned to puzzle it out..
"Perhaps to-morrow will be better,'; she sa:id, "It's just like
the newness of seeing each other again away from everybody
we know. But he looked at me so queerly, as if-as if-"
and then it dawned suddenly Up(;>n her "-as if I were
grown up! That's it!" She laughed happily.
"Oh! 'you
stupid Honorable Andy, you old humbug. You said I could
never grow up, but I have, and it bothers you because you
can't see what the matter is. To-morrow WILL be better,
for I know what's the matter, and maybe you will too."
The next day was indeed much better. If Andrew had been
surprised the night before, he was dazed the following morning . . But Bobby-Ann was sure of herself. She realized that
time makes strange differences, that re-adjustments have to
be made, and she could not expect to be just the same little girl,
but she could be just as friendly, even though it would be' in
a more grown up way. There would never again be days like
the old days, but she did not intend to let that spoil the very
short visit that Andrew should make. She had thought it
all out. Andrew, however, was slower in re-arranging his
ideas. The little girl who had been chosen to raise the flag
helped the matter along somewhat. After . her first glance at
Bobby-Ann, she sidled up to Andrew and asked in a timid
whisper, "Please, who is that awfully pretty lady?"
" Pretty lady ?--oh-er-where ?" and when she indicated
Bobby-Ann, he drew himself up sharply.
"Pretty lady!"
That was it. Bobby-Ann was no longer a little girl. He
felt very much as if he had discovered something of vast importance to the world at large. He had once stupidly doomed
this sparkling creature to everlasting childhood, but she had
escaped his cruel enchantment and was, as the little girl had
called her, the awfully pretty lady.
Bobby-Ann was frankly delighted with the other members
of the party and they in tur.n were charmed with her. The
beautiful solemn ceremony took a very short time and yet,
brief as it was, it was something that none of them would ever
forget, especially Bobby-Ann. It seemed to her as if they,
herself included, were promising, each and every one of them,
to give these energetic, enthusiaistic Californians their most
loyal support and earnest effort to make their state exhibit
worthy of the place that had been given it in this wonderful
Exposition.
The luncheon was all that could be desired, it. was indeed a
gay party, and Andrew was delighted with Bobby-Ann'~ selfpossession. She was seated between one of the State party
and one of the officials of the Exposition, and Andrew could
catch fragments of the conversation. There was a charming
deference in her manner toward these older men, yet it was
very evident that they were finding her a clever conversa~
tionalist, with ideas that were very much worth while. He
couldn't help being proud of her, this pretty clever lady.
Finally the party divided itself into little groups to see various parts of the city and Andrew was realizing what BobbyAnn had meant by the vie~ from the Fairmont.
"Isn't it wonderfully beautiful?" she asked, and Andrew
agreed, although he was looking at her . instead of out over
the bay. But Bobby-Ann, unconscious of his meaning, went on
"There were so many places to see when I first came. I
think I felt very much as children would feel if they could
visit fairy-land." She was -quite unconscious of her use of the
word "child" but Andrew noted it mentally. She was indeed
grown up when she looked back upon fairy-land days as a
t;me long past.
(Continued on Page twenty-nine)
-
�ARTS AND MUSIC
Page twenty-six
The Socialist City
r
;
,
.
I
f"odam<ntol p<ioo;plo of tho soc;.J;,, Ci\Y to
make the largest possible use of every mechanical
means of saving labor. In Llano we expect to heat,
'light, and clean the city, cook, and run all our mach_inery, by electricity. In addition to thes~ improv~ments which
are being introduced everywhere, our ctty plan IS based ?~ a
centralized underground delivery system, run by electnctty,
which will eliminate all surface transportation of parcels and
commodities except such heavy and bulky articles as furniture
and machinery. This a rrangement combined with th~ fact that
Llano will be built systematically, with no waste spaces and
no land being held for speculation and that consequently there
will be no long distances to traverse and no necessity for the
ordinary transportation services, will mak-e it possible to park
all our streets except two or three main thoroughfares, laying
double tracks of concrete eighteen inches wide through the
lawns and sh rubbery in such a way as to give access to the
houses. Most of the streets marked as such on the plan will
be handled in this way. All the citizens of Llano expect to
own cars, but these will be kept in community garages at the
intersections of the streets, thus giving each individual the benefit of the equipment necessary to keep his car in perfect order
with the least possible expense. Each car will have its locked
stall, thus interfering with any playful attempts to increase its
mileage during the owner's absence.
The principal problem that confronts Civic Improvement
Societies all over America- the backyard- will be largely eliminated in Llano. Anyone who has watched the struggle of
the City F~thers in his community to improve the appearance
of the ordinary city lot, first by offering prizes for the best-kept
ga rden lot, then when this fails, by attempting to fine the careless, overworked, or absentee land-holders, will appreciate the
importance of this reform. The truth is that a man who has
been working all day rarely wishes to dig in the garden all
evening, and the woman of the household rarely has the
strength to do it. The result is that the best intentioned city
ordinances inevitably fail in achieving results, and the only
gardens that are kept up are those which are in charge of a
paid gardener.
In Llano each house will have a private garde n, thirty-five
by twenty-two feet, but both house and garden will lie between
two parks, kept up of course by the community as a whole.
The private garden will offer unlimited opportunity for the
owner to exercise his taste and originality. If he does not like
gardening, he may put in a formal garden with massed shrubbery, narrow paths and fountains, such as have been so beautifully developed in lta:ly and Spain. A woman who loves
flowers can have a constantly varying carpet of bright-toned
annuals, and the handling of such a medium sized plot will
not tax her strength. Those who like to combine utility with
beauty can try using vegetables in ribbon gardening, with flowers introduced to heighten the effect. Remarkable results can
be attained in this way, and it is a really desirable idea where
one is dependent on the very unsatisfactory marketing customs
of ordinary city conditions. But in Llano vegetables raised by
your own hand in your own garden within your house will not
be any fresher than those raised in your own garden at the
city limits, in which you can also work yourself if your abilities
lie that way.
Others may like lawn effects, or a water garden, or a graveled yard set in climbing plants, or a desert garden of aromatic plants and cactus. Some will perhaps combine all these
T h e W e s I e r n C o m r a d"e
By A. Constance Austin
features, and finally some blocks in the city will be cut up
into front and back yards for the benefit of the conventionally minded. Every type of mind should be free to express
itself in the Socialist City.
Each room in the house will open by French windows into
the private garden, but all other windows open on the parks,
as each row of houses lies between two parks. There are very
carefully worked out plans for these as they are the fundamental feature of the city. It is difficult to think of a town
without waste spaces and long expanses of dusty streets, but
this city will be literally all garden, except for the ground
actually built upon. The homes back up against one another
with a sound proof wall between, but the .nearest house that
you can see from any window (except at corners) will be forty
feet away. The side of the house fronting on this strip of
parking will include the staircase, the back of the dining room,
and one side bedroom window. The main windows of the bedroom as well as those of the dining room, open on the private
garden. On the other side the houses will be from two to
four hundred and fifty feet apart, and with careful planting
it will not be diffi"tult to arra nge so that no other house will
be visible from the ground floor. This idea will be borne in
mind in setting out the trees, though it will not be necessary
to stick to it slavishly, as the houses will be pretty enough to
add to the beauty o.f the view instead of detracting from it.
It is not planned to have large bluegrass lawns, as they are
not adapted to this country and rarely le>ok thrifty, smooth,
and even. There will be a good deal of shrubbery and expanses of other kinds of ground cover suc.h as periwinkle, ivy,
lippia, Siberian strawberry, sedum, and some native plants.
There will be swimming pools in the parks, and little rustic
amphitheatres where a few neighbors may gather for a reading or a little music; bird refuges and tennis courts, and always a quiet cool pergola over the sidewalk leading to the
Civic Center. The most distant house in the City. planned for
from ten to fifteen thousand inhabitants, will be only one-half
mile from this general rendezvous, where all the business activities and the social life of the community will center, and
that walk will be through a park and under a pergola all the
way. The turning the streets into parkways was chiefly decided on to get rid of the glare a nd dust, which are the obverse of the glorious sunshine and the absence of fog and rain
which are among the privileges we come here to enjoy.
It is also proposed not to use the custo'11arv street numbers,
but an address will read, Mrs. ]. Smith, Matilija Park, Llano.
One circle of parks will be named after local plants, another
after the great servants of humanity, etc.
As there are a great number of these little parks it will be
desirable to introduce into them as much variety as possible.
A very beautiful effect could be created by selecting only
silver toned fol iage for one of them. Another could be dedicated to desert plants. Yellow, blue or red color schemes could
be worked out, and a park could be one color in the spring
and another in the fall. The little parks between the buildings of the Civic Center will be worked out on modified Japanese lines, and the open space between the two circles of public buildings should be planted in lawns and low shrubbery
with fountains a nd still water.
Mention should also be made of the race-course around the
outside of the town which of course will be framed in foliage
and supplied with permanent seating facilities.
�The
Western
Comrade
THERAPEUTICS
Our Homes
-- - CASUAL glance at the economic evolution • of the ·
last half century gives one the · impression that
"homes," as many of us still know them, are in process of extinction, and in their place is appearing the
tenement, the apartment house, and the "jungle" of the migratory workers. The country home with its romantic charm, its
peace and quiet, its mighty trees, its broad fields, its cackling
geese and bleating lambs, its fragrant flowers, and wholesgme toil-hardened sons and daughters, is fast dying out. Land
prices have climbed beyond the reach of the younger generation. A job awaits only the strongest of arm and brain. A
job in an office or mill, a factory or a mine, and on a modern
farm. I say "modern," for the character of the farm has
changed. It is no longer the old homestead with its neighborly help at harvest time; The genial co-operation of the log
rolling, barn raising, corn husking, or quilting bees-where
harvesting and threshing were a neighborhood feast, where
simple souls rejoiced in nature's bounty and hearts were warm
with the wine of helpfulness. The old farm neighborhood is
passing away.
Farming is carried on on a large scale. The bunk house
has destroyed the old time hospitality. Capitalism has set
enmity between the land man and the worker. The class war
of mine and shop has invaded the fields green and golden.
The hatred born of exploitation has penetrated even the quietude of the meadows. Imported seasonal labor needed in this
age of privately owned machine agriculture creates tbe bundle
carrying worker. He carries his bed from bunk house to bunk
house for a pitiful wage, when the shortness of the season
is measured by the length of the year. The migratory worker
silently proclaims to the world the death of our present social
order. He indicts capitalism as the arch enemy of the home
as enjoyed by our fathers.
To a person who studies social statistics the rapidity of this
extinction is indeed appalling. Soon we will be a nation of
renters, and wanderers. A homeless nation, with no place to
lay its head. This is not a dream. It .is a condition-a condition that cannot be remedied by endeavors to restore the
old. We cannot unlock the gates of the evening and bring
back yesterday. The domestic order is dying and there is no
remedy for death. But nature never despairs. She is evolving a new order from the ruins of the old, not through our
conscious efforts, but in spite of them.
The apartment house, together with the delicatessen, laundry, restaurant, and other municipalized domestic conveniences, points to a new order. Where man and wife may both
take part in active social labor, where both may function in the
general organization of society. Where both may live the life
of the new age. The new age will socialize the domestic labors, in spite of all our protest. The new age will do away
with the drudgery of broom, mop and kitchen. The new age
will break man's tyranny over woman by making her economically independent. It will ultimately destroy that most
unfortunate social victim-the female parasite, the human
doll, the legalized mistress-kept to advertise a man's ability
in the commercial game.
The new age will not, as some say( degrade, but rather
it will liberate and glorify, the womanhood· of the world, and
through this it will beautify the soul of all.
It is well to have the vision of the new age-it makes for
optimism.
To understand lhe evolutionary trend of things, lights the
Page twenty-seven
By D r. J o h n D e q u e r
fires of hope on the shores of life. Knowledge and understanding are the foes of pessimism. Pessimism is the harbinger
of death-,-optimism is the activity of life. Pessimism is the
old seeking for the fountain of youth; optimism is life renewing itself from the organism of the old; optimism is the smile
· from the cradle-pessimism is a groan from the grave.
The old order of society is no longer able to meet modern
requirements. It is unacclimated to machine industry. The
new order of society must meet the modern requirements of
life. It must meet the new ideals that spring therefrom.
The home for the skilled laborer, the office worker, the salaried and professional man is in a state of rapid transition.
Doctors, lawyers, engineers, mechanics of the better paid class,
are leaving the cottage for the apartment. The laborer sinks
down into the tenement. Here pe festers in a hotbed of physical and social disease. Here his cry moves some to pity and
some to dread, but all to shame. The tenement is a token of
a seriously disturbed social ~ondition. Yet it has behind it the
forces that make for a ge_neral transition. Man must be near
the place of his employment. His employment is social. -The
requirements of machine industry make it so. He does not
dwell in slums because he loves to degrade himself. He goes
there because the work for which he is intellectually and physically fitted forces him there. The factory employs thousands
of people, often under one roof. They must be housed accessible to their place of work. Herein lies the problem of cheap
housing, for the work done by those myriads of human beings
is paid with the most pitiful wages. Hence their purchasing
power is low, and the conditions of their home life must necessarily conform to their power of purchase. On the other hand
the apartments for the better paid are developing continually
in comfort, healthfulness and beauty, foreshadowing the life
that is to be.
So much for the drift of society in a given direction. Let
us now review what we are doing to meet this conditio1,1 on
the Llano. Here we are endeavoring to subdue the machine
to social service. Here we eliminate the fence from agriculture. Here we abolish the sweat shop, here we use our every
wit to humanize industry. Here we are about to build a
city with neither palace nor hut-without mansions or slums.
Here we build in and for social equality. .Here we also build
for beauty, for health and ~omfort. The home is of course
more than a house, even as man is more than a body. The
home is the human nest. It has physical and spiritual signific,.nce. On the physical side it is the shelter under which mall
abides and rears his offspring. The home must therefore be
constructed with due regard to the requirements ·of health.
It must admit an abundance of air and sunlight.
In Llano we are consciously working toward this ideal. The
l~tundry is banishing. the wash tub. The steam saw takes th"
place of the buck saw. A commercial bakery saves the family
baking. Municipal kitchens will in time do away with home
cooking. Already the Montessori school takes care of the
little ones, and the mothers who erstwhile knew only the home
are seen in creamery. studio, office, school and library-doing
social work and developing social ideals.
As the domestic drudgery is taken out of the home life, the
spiritual side of the home begins to develop in greater beauty.
The mother loses the character of cook, and becomes the comrade in harness with her husband. The "I keep you·· idea
passes away, and the more glorious ideal of "we w~lk the
path of life .togethe(n t~k~~ h.<?!d of the heart and bram.
�The
Page twenty-eight
Western
Comrade
Schmidt .Case Testimony
~T I
- HE issue of wages and hours is the point . at which
the line of every great industrial battle is drawn.
The hosts seeking profits are arrayed on one side of
___ the wages and hours line, and the hosts of bread
winners on the other. In this great industrial battle in theEast, the Steel Trust together with the Erectors' Association
were struggling to force wages down and the hours up. This
is the line of battle and the prosecution may as well face the
fact. Equivocation will not avail them. This prosecution is
not conducted, as they would lead you to believe, for the purpose of convicting a few so-called conspirators. This prosecution is conducted for the purpose of undermining the union
labor movement of America.
~
You men of the jury must admit that the labor unions are
the only power that now stands between the weak and helpless individual and the billion dollar steel trust together with
the powerful Erectors' Association. Disband the labor organizations or conduct the open shop, which is the equivalent,
and you open the way for greed to affiict this country with a
terrible disaster that means poverty and ignorance and corruption and despair.
Yet the Steel Trust commanded the steel erecting and construction companies of the United States to pass and enforce
with all their power a resolution-that is, to enter into and
enforce a mutual agreement-that they, or any one of them,
would not deal, directly or indirectly, with the labor union;
that they would only hire men as they came; that insofar as
they were conce-rned there should be no labor unions; that
there should he no organized power to fight to better working
conditions. Only the individual man, standing alone, shall
have the privilege of selling himself at whatever price those
who wish to buy shall place upon him. That his poverty and
degradation shall be measured by the greed of the powerful,
and that the luxuries of the powerful shall be limited only by
their temptations.
That this is the ripe fruit of an open shop system there
can be no doubt.
That the destruction of the labor unions and the establishment of the open shop is the purpose of this prosecution,
and not the prosecution of a few so-called conspirators, there
can be no question. Time and time again it was testified upon this stand by members of the Erectors' Association that
they would not deal with labor organizations; that they all ran
an open shop; that they would not even negotiate nor confer
with labor organizations; that they had not dealt with labor
organizations since 1906; that since the year 1906 they only
hired and dealt with laborers individually.
Notwithstanding the long and bitter struggle previous to
this strike, there was never any violence committed until ;~fter
this soulless resolution was passed in 1906. No violence until
the ~reedy corporations endeavored to d~al the death blow to
the International Bridge and Structural Iron Workers.
There were four of these felons employed or in some way
bribed or induced by the state to testify for the prosecution.
There was Dugan of Indianapolis, Davis of Massachusetts,
Clark of Cincinnati, and McManigal. These principal witnesses for the state were all guilty of felonies, some guilty of
capital crimes, each endeavoring to perjure this defendant's
life awav for his own liberty.
Shall I say perjury? Yes, perjury. It is easy to say perjury.
It was easy for the District Attorney to scream perjury, which
he did, but he showed no instance, I shall not only ii~~ys~
them of perjury, but I shall let the poisoned statements that
fell from their putrid lips, tum like the serpents they are, and
sink their poisoned fangs in the very hearts of their testimony.
Let us con ider first the 'testimony of the felon Clark of
Cincinnati, Clark of Goosetown fame. Clark who stealthily
went to Goosetown and met a man with a basket full of dynamite; twenty pounds of eighty percent nitroglycerine! How
remarkable; just the amount and just the percent that the
prosecution would have you believe was placed in the Times
building. He told you that there were about twenty sticks
weighing about one pound each; that they laid in his little
basket without wrappers and did not mash or run together
during the entire trip from Goosetown to Cincinnati, and from
Cincinnati to Dayton, Ohio.
Eighty P.ercent nitroglycerine, in sticks, put out by the
manufacturer without wrappers, and carried in a warm car
for hours without running together! What a statement! It
would tax the ignorance of a mule, and the credulity of a
simpleton to believe it.
One hundred percent is oil. Eighty percent is soft and
mushy. But listen! He took this mushy stuff and kept it all
night in his horne in Cincinnati and picked it up stick by stick,
and gently laid it in his valise and inserted a concussion cap,
according to instructions, he never having performed such a
feat before; and then attached sixty feet of fuse, closed the
valise, and took the first passenger train to Dayton to do his
deadly work. Do you remember the terrible havoc and the
fearful wreck produced by this infernal machine?
Listen! It was raining on that fatal night when he stealthily
stole his way through the sleeping, peaceful city of Dayton,
to River Bridge and thence to the engine and crane, where
this felon placed his infernal machine. Down close under the
shoe of the derrick the dynamite was pressed and over it was
placed, close and snug, an umbrella, to shed the drenching
rain that nothing might interfere with the deadly work. The
fuse was lighted and the perjured villain found his way to the
streets of the city and there waited that he might hear the terrible crash and know his work was well done. The devilish
sound of twenty pounds of eighty percent nitroglycerine came
crashing and roaring through the streets and lo! it only blew
off the skin of this umbrella.
Look at it' The cloth is gone hut not a wire is bent or
twisted. The enamel is not even disturbed.
Look at it! See the handle! It escaped scot free. Not a
crack or scratch on it. Ah! His initials that he carved on the
handle before he placed it over this terrible infernal machine.
are likewise undisturbed. Look at them! Placed there to tell
who was guilty of the crime. He was not arrested, nor was
the crane broken, nor any damage of any consequence done.
And for this reason this perjured felon says he was not permitted to continue the work of destruction. Again I beseech you
to inspect this umbrella. See the ribs and stays and the handle
and the staff unbroken and in perfect form and shape. You,
gentlemen of the jury. know that this umbrella is telling you
the truth. Every rib and every stay tells you in no uncertain
terms that the felon Clark is a villainous perjurer. They tell
:vou that Clark never placed dynamite under the crane on the
Dayton bridge.
!Taken from fob Harriman's address lo the jury al the conclusion of
the Schmidt trial. The entir~ address, one of the most remarkable ever
made. has been compiled to be printed under the captio!l "Wa• Schmidt
Guilty?" Schmidt was convicted of dynamiting the Los Angeleo Timeo and
is qf)W in the Los Angeles County jail.)
�The
We s tern
Comrade
Page twenty-nine
The Lieut.- Governor and the Pigtails
Contest News
{Continued from Page twenty-five}
"But, oh Andy!" she went on with a ~mile, "please don't
think I've played all the time. I've really been busy. There
was my music, you know. I've kept that up and Aunt Emma
has proven to be a splendid teacher of domestic science. Part
of the time I have full charge of the house, and it is such fun.
So altogether I've had a grand good time in this beautiful
country."
"You really like it better than any other place then?" Andrew asked. There was a curious lifelessness in his tone, he
seemed anxious for her a nswer, yet fearful of what it might be,
"I can't tell anyone how I love it," she replied "but the
feeling comes up in my throat and chokes me. Sometimes
when I look over these wonderful cities and then across the
bay I just want to sho ut. I wan t to tell people that they don't
half realize the beautiful things about them. There are so
many places I want you to see, we are -going to have to hurry
to crowd them all in. I wish you were going to stay a long
time, don't you , Andy?"
Again he agreed, watching her intently.
She smiled slowly.
"For then you could meet Alice Wayne. She went to Los
Angeles last Monday , and won't be home for nearly a month,
but she has brown eyes."
"Brown eyes ?" Andrew queried vaguely.
"Yes. You know you said you preferred them . And I
picked her out for you as soon as I heard you were really
comi ng, only she had to go before you came. I think Fate
was ve ry unkind to you ." Sh(; was not looking at him and she
did not see the sudden tightening of his mouth . Was she
purposely spoiling things for him? He realized that he had
bee n building air castles, fragile structures that can be toppl ed
over by a word. When he spoke his voice so unded tired and
st rained.
"Please don't play a t that any more, Bobby-Ann" he said,
"It was only a joke in the beginning. but it doesn't amuse me
this mornin g. For a long time I've been remembering a little
playm ate I used to have. I really didn't think she could ever
grow up. to me, but she has, and what is more , she has always
had my heart. but I didn 't know it until lqst ni ght. I know
I've grown rather dull, but there must be something besides
just the ci ty and bay and hills to make you love it so out
here. an d to find housekeeping so pleasant. There must be
so me tremendou sly lucky chap who probably doesn't half realize his good fo rtun e. Bobby-An n, I suppose you would
neve r go back with me. even tho:J gh I love you better tha n
all the rest of th e world?''
Bobby-Ann flu shed. amazement, incredulity a nd wonderful
joy flashed over her face, and th ere was somethin g very like
tears in her eyes, but she held out both hu. nds to him as she
a nswered him simpl y, a littl e sob in her voice.
"Oh, Andy!" she said, "I do lo ve it here, it is so wonderful,
but even that doesn't count with you away back th ere. There
isn't or hasn't been anyone else and I guess I like to keep
house because I was born that way! I've been lo ving you always, better than anyone else in the world. <:nd last night
I began hoping that you would see that I had grown up."
--o"jusl read th rough, from cover lo cover, the December COMRADE. and
must say it i~ the best yet . Eevery department is strong and you will get
result s from it, I am ce rtain, and I am sure the J anu ary number will be
just as good, a• the subjecls you expec t lo cover are of such vital interest.
WALTER HUGGINS. Chicago.
The Grand Circulation Membership ·Contest being held by the Westel'!l
Comrade and the Llano Colonist has more than 110 contestants. · There
is still plenty of time to enter as it does not close until July 1, and every
entrant who sends in ten or more subscriptions will receive some sort of
premium.
Every letter breathes enthusiasm. People everywhere are ready for
the message of "Co-operation in Action." It is no criticism of the Socialist
Pa rty that the vote has fallen off ; but contest workers should make use
of this fact. People are all the more eager to learn of what co-operation
will accomplish. They see that winning by the ballot alone is further
off than they had thought. It will require other means. The co-operative
fi eld has been neglected in America. Socialists are just beginning to
wake up to this facl. The Western Comrade and the Llano Colonist are
the publications which tell the story of the greatest co-operative demonstration in the wo rld.
And ' that is why EVERY socialist should be reading them.
One man in San F rancisco, through the mistake of the pos tman, haJ
a copy of the Colonist put in his mail box. He became interested,
visited the Colony, and is now a member. That happened within lwG
weeks after the postman's lucky mistake. A letter received the other
day read " . . Over the shoulder of the man in front of me in a
street car. I only go t the name of the Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.,
bu t it is the paper I want lo read." Another writes, "I saw a stray
copy; it is the paper for me." These are not just ex trao rdinary examples.
Every day such letters are received by the editors of the COMRADE.
They show how people are thirsting for the message of co-operation in
ac tion .
Let's all work together lo make the February record double the January
one. Don't let a single one gel away. Get him for eight weeks to the
COLONIST anyway. That will be enough. Keep his expiration date
and call on him at the end of that time. He'll be ready lo subscribe fo r
both then. Experience has thown thai. See if you can send in al least
two a week in February, eight in all. That will mean 900 new readers
becoming interested in "Co-operation in Action," prac tical Socialists when
they have read abo ut the Colony for a few weeks.
Our Mail Bag
"Dear Comrades: I am enjoying the COLONIST immensely and look forward to the time when we will have a powerful daily newspaper for
I. .J., Montana.
Socialism and Co-operation.
"Dear Comrades: . . . The COLONIST is read with much interest,
and the reading makes me impat ient lo be with you, and lend a helping
hand to ge l the productive work done at the proper time for best results.
Soon yo u must talk in "sections' instead of 'acres' or •quarters' and 1 notice
you talk in 'tons' no winstead of 'pounds' or 'hundreds.' I have been
talking Colony lo many, and I am kepi busy answerin~ questions. When
the thick of the fall work is done, · I shall devote some time to WGrking
for Llano. Hoping everyhing is moving along smoothly. I a m
Yours for a perfect environment,
B. R. S.
WHAT AN ABSENT MEMBER WRITES
"Everybody is lugging for the almighty dollar. Nobody has time to
look a ft er the welfare of his neighbor, or anything but work- work. I
work from 5 a.m. lo 8 p.m. I can't see any way ou t of it as long as
I slay here. I hope we will not have lo slay here longer than spring.
From what I see in the LLANO COLONIST you are gelling along fine.
wish everybody had grit and slaying qualities.
. . . I am proud of the workers and boosters for Llano. 'Wllen I
am asked abo ut the people of the Colony, I answer 'The best that can be
found. Good enou ~h for the best man or woman who is living lo live
.John Price."
among!'
Please Vote on This I
Dear Reader: We want you lo write us a leiter of 100 words or lesa
giving your preference of the articles contained in this and other numbers
of the WESTERN COMRADE. Please slate whether you are a regular
reader or a casual reader of this magazine. Stale which articles or aeries
of articles you like best, which is your second choice, and mention others
in the order you favor them. Tell why you read the magazine, how long
yo u have been a reader. The editors will greatly appreciate this favor.
Your leiter will not be published if otherwise requested. Fraternally yours,
THE WESTERN COMRADE. Llano, California.
�Installment Members:
The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is in the m:rket
for figs, prunes, peaches, raisins, etc.
You can a~sist in putting us in touch with those
who have them.
(j[ The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is at present
in need of
10 Tons of Alfalfa Seed
A Carload of Wheat
Dairy Cows and Range Stock
Angora and Milk Goats
Tanning Outfit
Contracts to put up Alfalfa on Shares
Many Other Things.
(j[ We are now in a position to mqkc immediate
use of many articles and machines which have
not been practicable for us heretofore.
(j[ You are invited to correspond in regard to
the needs listed above.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. LLANO CAL.
Comrade and Colonist Clubs
LLANO COLONIST................................................SOc
WESTERN COMRADE..........................................SOc
BOTH FOR. .................................................75c
f] COMRADE or COLONIST with your choice of
The National Rip Saw or the American Socialist, 75c
(j[ Peanon's Magazine with the COMRADE OR
COLONIST, $1.75; All Three for $2.00.
(j[ I.LANO COLONIST or WESTERN COMRADE
for One Year, with One Year's Subscription to theRegular Our
Price Price
Appeal to Reason $1.50 $1.25
Milwaukee Leader 4.50....4.25
Masses
2.00 1.75
Inter. Soc. Review 1.50 1.25
Union Star
1.50 1.25
Regular Our
Price Price
N.Y. Call (daily) 3.50 3.25
N. Y. Call (Sun.) 2.50 2.25
Call,daily and Sunday with
Comrade and Colonist
........................
6.00 ' 5.25
(j[ Add 25c to any of the above clubs for BOTH
the COMRADE AND the COLONIST.
(j[ Add 35c to any combination less than $1.00, or
25c to any of $1 or over, and receive a SOc Statuette
of HENRY DUBB with his "Llano Smile."
NOTE : These rates subject lo change at any tin1e without
notice.
NOTE: Add 25c lo each monthly, and SOc to each weekly
New Rugs from Old Carpets
(j[ Don't throw your old carpets away-they are
still good. Have new rugs made from them, beautiful and durable rugs. Old Chenille Curtains and
table covers can also be used in
Llano Rewoven Rugs
(j[ Old Ingrain, Brussels, Moquette and Velvet
rugs or carpels can be re-woven into rugs suitable
for any home.
(j[ Rag Carpels, Rugs, and Art Squares also
woven, every size and style.. Ask about beautiful
LLANO POSTER RUGS
(j[ Write for prices.
We pay frei ght one way !50 miles on orders of $5.00 or up.
Shi.p Direct to the Rug Department
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, PALMDALE, CAL.
C
OMRADES and Friends of the Llano del Rio
Community _can be of great assistance if they
will send to the Membership Department lists of
names of persons who are likely to become interested. Literature and letters will be sent to
anyone upon request. Installment members are
urged to give this their attention.
CLASSIFIED
ADS
Space in this column: Twenty 6ve cents a line, payable in advance.
WANTED - CAMERAS. THE WESTERN COMRADE WOULD LIKE
lo gel in touch with someone having a good came ra. Write to the Western
Comrade at Llano, California.
FOR SALE.- BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS. AND
Flemish Giant.. We can supply all ages up lo eight months. For further
information address Rabbit Department, Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
public;otion if it is to be sent outside the United Stales.
Photo Post Card Views of Llano
The WESTERN COMRADE has secured some magnificent views of Llano and her industries which have
been made up into postcards. Some of them have
appeared in the WESTERN COMRADE, but most of
them have just been taken especially for postcards.
Included in the list are:
View from hotel, looking south' .;mo kiln (two)
Hotel. looking east
ootball team
The damsile
P:gs and p ens
Chickens and turkeys
D.• iry barn
Mountain s tream and o myon North section of Llar.o
Sawmill (different views)
l.lano boulevard
Bird's eye view of Llano
Swimming ponl
Rabbitry ( several views)
Rakery
lrrigatiori scene
l'lnnery
Livestock
Various Llano products.
Mountains
Cows
Woods
Indust rial school
Industrial scenes
Montessori school
Alfalfa fields
Many o ther a ssorted cards.
r
The rate is 5 cents each or 55 cents a dozen. We
pay postage. Every person interested in Llano should
have a dozen of these cards. Send your orders direct to
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
CARTOONING
TAUGHT SUCCESSFULLY BY MAIL
If you like to draw, you are holding talent in check, when the output of
a lillie time al small expense will enable you to EARN MONEY. We are
successfully teaching o thers, why not YOU? Send sltetch and five cents
in stamps for illus trated bookle t and list of successful students.
LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING
415C THORPE BLDG, LOS ANGELES, CAL.
�You Can Still Enter
IN THE GRAND MEMBERSHIP CIRCULATION CONTEST FOR THE
Free Membership
in the Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony, and the other premiums, which aggregate more than
$2000 TO BE GIVEN FREE
Every contestant who sends m ten or more subscriptions recetves a premmm.
FIRST PRIZE
$1,000 Membership in-the Llano del Rio Colony
SECOND PRIZE
$500 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
THIRD PRIZE
$200 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
FOURTH PRIZE
$100 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
NEXT FOUR PRIZES
$50 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
OVER 25 SUBS
Your Choice of a variety of Llano P1oducts
15 TO 25 SUBS
A Henry Dubb Statuette and a Copy of "Was
Schmidt Guilty?"
10 TO 15 SUBS
A Henry Dubb Statuette
Enough have now entered the contest so that
it is to be held. Already many have sent in good
lists of subscriptions.
You can still enter and win a premium. Remember, every person who sends in ten subscriptions of one year each receives a premium of some
kind. Send for list of rules and details.
Besides, you are helping to spread the propaganda of "Co-operation in Action." You can get
some readers for the Llano publications, no matter
where you live.
Send in the contest form at once, properly filled
out, and let us send you full information, together
with receipts, litera ture, samples, and return en- •
velopes. Go to work today. There is still plenty
of time.
-----------·-----~--- --- --------- -------- --- --- -·--- (Cut Out and Mail to Us At Once) .....................................................
The CONTEST EDITOR, Llano Publications :
I wish to enroll as a contestant in the GRAND MEMBERSHIP CIRCULATION CONTEST.
Please send me full information.
Name·- ---------------·---------·---·····--··---------·······-····-····-···-······-···--···
State _________________ _____ _____________ _
City................................................. .
Street or R. F. 0.: ...............................................................
or P. 0. Box ........................................................... .
REDUCE "WEIGI-l'r!
Send For This Successful Treatment
"Obesity---Its Cause and Correction"
C]l One user of this treatment reduced from 1.50
pounds to 117 pounds and found improved health.
Many others have used it with satisfactory results.
J
NO MEDICINES OR DRUGS USED
Complete $5.00 Course Now Only $3.00
because there is no rent to pay at Llano. For full
information write to Mn. C. M. Williams, Llano, Cal
Home A 2003
A. J. STEVENS
DENTIST
306 Solith Broadway, Los Angeles, Cal.
Room 514
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN &
LEVIN
AUomeys at Law
921 Higgins BuiklinK
Los AnKeles. Cal.
�Are YOu S·atisfied?
Is Your Job Secure? Are You Protected against Accident? Is Your Life and Health Insured?
Are your Children in a Good Environment? Has Your Position Any Future?
Join the 1000
WHO
ARE
MAK I NG
THE
LLANO
DEL RIO CO - OPERATIVE COLONY
THE
T HE
GREATEST
S0 U NDES T
SUCCESS
AND
8 US INESS
V E N-
TUREYOUHAVEEVERHEARDO~
Invest
75 Cents
in news and information concerning
the progress of the Llano Community.
THE WESTERN COMRADE
and
THE LLANO COLONIST
·1he
WESTEI~N
COMRADE with its illustra-
tions a nd articlt:s o n the devdo;Jmc nl of this
~rea l
projec t. and the LL<\NO COLONIST with
its weekly news of the de tail s. weat her repo rt s.
managers'
rcpur ts, and social ac tiv ities, are
immen sely interesting to every person who ts
i n tt~rt's tcd
in co-opera tion.
SOc a year each- 75c for both
(Prices to be raised soon)
You ca n become a n instalment member at once.
A membership in the Llano del Rio Co-operativ~
Community means identifying yourself with the
grea test and most successful project of its kind in
the world.
Two score of industries are being carried on cooperatively, owned completely a nd fully con tro lled
by the residents of Lla no. Orchards and vineyards, gardens and alfalfa ftelds, nurseries a nd
ranges a re owned. A laundry, m ~ch i nc shop, planing mill , sawmill, commissa ry, printing pla nt, two
publicat ions, ca nne ry, irrigation sys tem, tra nsportation system, d a iry, poultry ya rds, hogs, horses.
goats, rabbits, ru g works. blacksmith shop, w:: rchouse, shoe shop, Industria l an:l Montesso ri sc' .o ,J
and many other minor t~~oush import ·11~ t ind ~t s tr -c -;
arc owned and co:Jtrol' cd by the me:nbers of t 1:e
Llano del Rio Co-ope rat ive Colony.
They enjoy the benefit s. The re is no limit I 1
the development of this projec t. Plan j n r~ be: n:;
prepa red for a city of te n thousand.
Why not join your comrades? Are n 't you tird
enough of the struggle? Why not prospe r with
your friends a nd brothers?
Find out a ll a bout it and arrange to become a
member at once.
Send For Full Information and Application Blank
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
LLANO, CALIFORNIA
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1917-01
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
An account of the resource
Agricultural and Horticultural Number
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1917-01
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n09_191701
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2018-07-31
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n09
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Something New in the Progress of the Socialist Movement by Job Harriman
Scenery About Llano by R.K. Williams
Declaration of Industrial Independence by Clinton Bancroft
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/dd4062b71bde1e38cebf2e0c1db7167b.pdf
b7683c01a80b979cf507aa539fb27098
PDF Text
Text
. December 1916
.
\
·,
�The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY is situated in
· the beautiful Antelope .valley in Los An~eles County, California. The Colony hes close to the S1erra Madre range
where an abundance of clear, sparkling water from mountam
springs is sufficient to. irrigate thousan.ds of . fertile acres. The
climate 1s mild and dehghtful, the s01l 1s ferhle, and markets are
not far distant. ·
The Llano del Rio Colony is a horticultural, agricultural, and
stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will s_upply the
needs of the colonists, with perhaps somethmg to sell when the
Colony has grown.
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROT\1
T
HE clectric light bill •. the water bi~l. the doctor'~ bill, the d:u~
bilr."'lhe telephone b1ll, the gas b1ll, the coal b1ll: the denhs.t s
bill. the school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment b1ll,
· nd car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who thi11k the trouble is individual hard luck) ,
•he hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the house' older, and the lean weeks caused by disemployment and· the con·
·,equent fear of the future. There is no landlord and no rent is
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and clothing, the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill, the milk,
1he clothing bill, the laundry bill, the butcher's bill, and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
'" the outsiJc wodd. For the tax bill he has no fear. ·The colony
officials attend to the details of all overhead. To colonists the
amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, entertainments and al1 edu-
·o• tional facilities are free.
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
T
HE U.ANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The manage·
men! of the affairs of the colony industries aro in the hands
o f the various department managers.
There are about twenty-five
of these departments and in each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fitness for the position. At the managers
meetings as many persons as can c rowd in the room are always
present. These meetings are held every night and they are unique
in that no motions are ever made, no resolutions adopted and no
minutes are kept. The last action on any matter supercedes all
·former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is worki1g most admirably and smoothly. At these nightly
meetings the work for ·the next day is planned, teams are allotted.
workers are shifted to the point where the needs are greatest.
and machine·y is put on designated work, transportation is arranged, wan's are made known and filled as nearly as possible.
The board of directors, members of which are elected by the
_ st•.ckholdero meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and Lus;m. management of the enterprise. These directors are
on the same b.,:, as all their comrades in the colony. At the.
general assr rnL' v aH persons over eighteen years of age, residing
in the colony, huve a voice and vote.
M
CONSTITlJfiON AND BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to
gel this information, they must secure a copy of a constitution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Com·
munity contents itself with a "declaration of principles' which is
printed below. The management of .the Colony rests with the
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of the enter·
prise are conducted by the board of directors who are elected by
· the ~lockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped cor·
poration by-laws of almost every state. The only i!'novatiiin is in
-
~·\ t-· ..
;:l~f:t
... ~
·~:-:-t ·
\
i.
}
>
the restricting of anyone from voting more than · 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of" how many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and giyes the corporation the right. to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporahon laws are hberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the part of stale
officials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inRexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be ve•ted in the Community alone.
The individual i• not justly entitled to more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
greater ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater pos·
sessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with · those of
others can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
P
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon
.the payment of $10.00 or any other sum less than the .
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and sugge•l they be allowed to pay a small amount, or in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thou·
sand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements, machinery, and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order to continue its
present success. This fact must be obvious to all. · The management of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army that , cannot take
advantage of thi• . plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
tha t breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say to their stripped, robbed -and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
1'1:1e installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brotliers and sisters on the
lan<l . are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. · Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all . ihe clothing. much of the material · they draw, costs money.
�The _initial membership fee goes to plfset the support of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
Write today for an application blank, fill it out .and. send
together. with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your 11\embership. You. can then arrange to, pay $10 a month · or IJOre until
you can so adjust : your ;affairs . that you can m!lk:e final payment and join your comrades who have already borne the ~rst
brunt of pioneering.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a ;,.ember of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, ..Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applications is not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient to mix rae~ in these co'mmunities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern · Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the colony's warehouse
until ·ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage · or demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy article; should not be shipped from. points where freight
rates are high.
.
lndividuals may own · their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the depart·
ments devoted to those. industries. The aim is to keep the resi·
dence portion of the colony dean and · sanitary.
·
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
Among the industries of Llan~. to which new ones are constantly being added, are: printshop, shoe shop, laundry, cannery,
cleaning and dyeing, warehouse, machine shop, blacksmith shop,
rug works, planing mill, paint shop, lime kiln, saw mill. d~iry, cabinet shop, nursery, alfalfa, orchards, poultry yards, rabbttry, gardens, hog raising, brick yard, lumbering, magazine, newspaper, . doctors' offices, woodyard, vinegar works, bakery, · fish hatchery, barber shop, dairy goats, baths, swimming pool: studios, two hotels,
drafting room, post ·office, commtssary, campmg· grou.nd, lndustnal
school, grammar school, Montessori school, commerctal school, hbrary, women's exchange, two weekly dances, brass band,. mandolm
club, two orchestras, quartets, socialist local, jeweler.
fort for he · future and fcii old ai~; to guar.mtee education for the
children in the best schools; and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
. I,t h~s more than ~ residents, making it the largest to~ 'iii the
.Antelope Valley. Mor~ than 200 children atteqd the. schools. · Part
- of tile cliildren · boarding· at "ihe school; some live at the Industrial sch.ool all the time• . The Montessori school is in operation,
taking th~ children from ·2!12 to 6 years of age. A new school
l:iuilding . is soon to be-buill on the' new townsite. The County
school and ihe Colony Industrial schools are both in operation.
High school work is planned. In· the· Industrial school botany, domestic science, languages, agricuture, biology, practical farming and
the regular grammar school subjects are taught by competent teachers. Manual training will be installed soon; the building is now uhder construction. The children care for a Hock of milk goats, chickens, turkeys, and many acres. of gar~en. They. are very s.uccessful.
They build their own buildings; . the girls learn sewing and co.o king;
the children produce much of what they consume; portion of their
clothing is made by. the sewing classes; they have their .own horses,
wagons and farm implements; they own pigs and a number of pets.
Besides learning co-operation arid developing a sense of responsibility, they enjoy acquiring ., an education under these conditions.
They plan to · go extensively into the raising of chickens and
turkeys during the coming year.
The Colony owns a fine herd of 125 Jersey and Holstein cattle,
more than II 0 of which ·will· soon be in the milk string. More than
I00 head of .young stock are on the range, being heifers and calves
up o 2 years of age. Nearly 120 head of horses ~nd mules, including colts, are owned · by the Colony. These, Wtth the tractor
and caterpillar engine, four trucks, and numerous autos, do the
·
.
hauling and the work on the land.
Thoroughbred Duroc jersey and Ber~shire ~igs, as well a~ many
orades are in the extensive new pens JUS! butlt. Pure strams will
be de~eloped and registrations kept up.
In the nursery are thousands of grape cuttings and shade and
fruit trees. More than 26,000 trees were put out last spring.
Many will be planted this year. About 400 acres of orchard are
i
now in:
Community gardening is successful, and an increased acreage
· .
will be put in each year.
The ideal is to farrri 'on an extensive scale, using all manner of
efficient ·labor saving machinery and methods, with expert and experienced men · in charge of the different departments.
Llano possesses more than 668 stan~s of bees.. They are cared
for by expert bee meri of long expenence. Thts department expects to have several thousand stands in a few years.
The Colony has secured timber from the San Gabriel Reserve,
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
and the ·sawmill is in operation. Lumber worth $35 to $40 a thouFollowing is the plan which has proven successful : each share.
sand costs the Colony only a few dollars a thousand.
holder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of cap!ial stock. Each pays
Social life is delightful, baseball and fqotb~ll · teamo, dan~es, pacin cash or installments, $1,000. Each pays tn labor, $1,000. Each .
nics, swirriming,_huqting, camping, all; being P,Opula~. · .A b!lh9•. se~
receives a daily wage of $4, from which is de~ucted one d~lla~ ~or
eral orchestras, ··a . dramatic club, and other ·organizahons ·asstsl m
the stock ihe is working. out. From t~e remamder c~es ht!' hvmg ·
' making the social occasions enjoyable.
expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduchon for stock
A great deal of alfalfa has already been planted this fall. Several
and living expenses is credited to his .individu?l a7count, payable out
hundred acres are expected to be added to the acr_eage. D~tches
of the surplus profits of the· enterpnse. If an tnstall~ent member
lined with cobblestone set in Llano lime cement, makmg the dttches
falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gtves htm every opp~rmanent, conserve water and insure economy. Seven cuftinga of
portunity to recover and resume payments. In no case wtll he be
alfalfa were made this past season.
crow<led. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we wtH,
A square mile has been set aside for the ..new cit~. ~ith the
upon request, issue stock for · the ful.l amount he has patd. Thts ts
sawmill running; the lime kiln producing a .very ..~penor hmc. 'ld
transferable and may be sold to his best advantage. I? this we wtH
with sand and rock abundant and adobe bnck ~astly manufactured,
endeavor to assist wherever practicable. Corpora!tons are nc t
the time is near .w heq permanent buildings. will ·he e1 ect~d •>.n the
aHowed by law to deal in their own sfock.
new site. It will be a city different in design from. any other tn the
world with houses of a distinctively different archttectu.re. Houses
GENERAL INFORMATION .
will be comfortable, sa.nitary; ·handsome; home-like, modern•. and
The Llano del Rio Co1ony is tlie greates! Community enterprise
harmonious with their surroundings, and will insure greater prtv.acy
than any other houses ever constructed. They are tll)ique apd deever attempted. It was founded by Job Harriman, May 1st. 191 4,
signed especially for: Llano.
. . .
: ..
and is solving the problem of disemployment and ~ustness fatlure.
The Weekly newspaper, THE LLANO COLONIST, gt~es the news
It offers .a .way to provide lor the futur~ welfare of the workers
of the world, of· the· Col
Socialist . and Labor Th
movement
and their families. ·· ·
'
·
· i ~ · ·• ·
.
b .mt. conden~
t
It is a perfecl example of Co·- oper~tionin Action. No commumty
form. It carries the
ony news •. etc,, . e su scrtp ton rra e IS '
organized as it is, was ever estabhshed before.
.
.
50c a year (Canadian subscriptions, $1 a year). Both the ~~- ,
The purpose is to solve the problem of unemployment by provtdERN COM~E and the LLANO COLONIST .to one name iui ~· ~ •
ing steady employment for the workers; to assure safety and comdress for 75c (Canac;l~. $.1.50) •.
:... '
·I
•
ADDRESS ALLE:OMMUNICATIONS AND MAKE
All
PAYMENTS TO ·THE.
,. "Liano del Rio Company, Llano, California
�·.
•
Was Schmidt
Railroaded?
•
•
Did He Dynamite the "Times"?
Read Job Harriman's Address to the Jury and Judge for YourseH.
Here are the facts, NEVER BEFORE MADE
"'You. gentlemen of the jury, bow this umhrella
is telling the truth. Every n"b and every stay tells the
truth in no uncertain terms that this felon Oark is a
perjurer. They tell you Oark never placed dynamite under the crane at the Dayton bridge. • • • They tell you
that the Prosecuting Attorney knows that the felon Oark
wu civinr perjured testimouy.''
"Dugan I Who is Dugan? He is a seif-confessed felon.
He was expelled from the Iron Workers Union. · He is the
Dugan who shot and killed his wife and daughter in
Indianapolis."
"McManigal is a self-confessed murderer. The prison
doors were opened, this criminal Mr".1anigal shook off his
chains, walked out, » as goven $1 .. ' ") by the County of
lm
geles, and told to l!" hos w;;y in peace."
(Tr•timony from witnesses C!?rk, Dugan and McMar;igal was admitted.)
In identifying Schmidt, witness after witness testified that
the man connected with the dynamiting had his cheek
bone mashed, but noticed that his eye was all right.
Schimdt' s eye is gone, but his cheek is all right.
Fair and honorable witnesses were prevented from taking
the stand. Competent witnesses testifed that dynamite gases
quench Aames; while gas sets fire. The Times Building
explosion set fires. Could it have been dynamite? Dynamite explodes in all directions, gas upwards principally.
The explosion of the Times Building was upward. None of
the phenomen,jl of the explosion showed evidence of !Jynamite.
PUBUC. Could you have voted for conviction?
Why did the jury do so?
THINGS THE PAPERS NEVER TOLD
are given in this new book about the Schmidt case,
the speech of Job Harriman before the jury. Read
it-and learn things you have long suspected.
HERE. ARE THE FACTS!
Every Union Man should learn how he may fare ·
in the so-called impartial courts. Any of them
may get what Schmidt got.
Every Socialist ho wants st hand evidence
of capitalist-contro e court
eedings should
have this book for propiJio'iiaJ:Ida~
Every Fair-Minded Penon honestly seeking information and loving justice should read this tale
of a dishonest conviction.
When Capitalism Desires a Conviction It Gets
it. Read how it can be secured. The newspapers
never told these things. Why? Did you know the
real facts about this case? You'll wonder if the
McNamaras were really guilty and you'll wonder
why they confessed.
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS AT ONCE
Single Copies 2S.c. Quantity rates to Locals and Unions.
WESTERN COMRADE, Llano, California
Increased RatePearson's $1.50 a year
The rate went up on November I st, but we are
able to make this special combination rate:
Peanon's, regular,......$1.50
Both for
r.::m~~=~~--~~. :.
50
Peanon'•, ne Westem Comrade
AND ne Uano Colonist; All Three......
..
$1.75
$2 •00
PEARSON'S
-The Magazine that prints facb which no magazine depending on advertising could "afford" to
print.
WESTERN COMRADE. llANO CAL.
"THE COLOR OF LIFE"
The New Book- just Out
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Propaganda in stories from real life - they teach while
they entertain.
•
'
The price of "The Color of life" is Fifty cents.
With the WESTERN COMRADE OR the lLANO COLONIST, $1.00. All. THREE FOR $1.25
"THE PEST"
"ADOLEsCENCE" and "SLUMMING"
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Three Clever Plays
Eqeae V. Deln says of Eau..a Jaliu:
He has a most interesting style and aU of hi. matter bu
life in it and pith, and appeals strooa!y to the reader.
PRICE TEN CENTS
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
�Table of Contents
December
1916
Pqe
Pqe
Cover Page
How They Hate Publicity (Short Story) ............ 20
A Scene at Pine Lake, one of the Beautiful Mountain Retreats Near Llano.
The Gateway to Freedon..... :................................ 2
A synopsis of the form of organization, ideals, and
achievements during the two years and a half the
Llano del Rio Colony has been 1n existence.
People strive to get into the public prints, but their
activity along that line is tame compared "with what
they will do to get into the movies.
Jack London and John Barleycorn.................... 21
Frank E. Wolfe pays his respects to his personal
friend, Jack London ; he also pays his lack of res:
peel for John Barleycorn, also soon to go into the
Great Beyond.
Are You the OneL .............................................. 6
Children and Livestock...................................... 22
A poem by Ernest S. Wooster.
Editorials.............................................................. 7
Note particularly the one on page seven 1n which
the Socialist Party is asked to adopt a new plank.
Comrade Job Harriman points out how this IS a
vital question.
Up From the Earth ................................................ 9
By Max Ehrman
Livestock at Llano............................................ 10
Mildred G. Buxton shows how livestock at Llano has
a big place in Education at the Industrial School.
The Clothes We Wear........................................ 23
Dr. John Dequer takes up this phase of Therapeutics
this time.
Poultry as a Business.......................................... 24
Selection m Breeding........................................ 24
Under the head of Agriculture Oliver Zornes tells
of making money with chickens, and Wesley Zornes
explains the value of careful selection in breeding
stock.
.
The subject of livestock has been carefully handled
and the facts gathered lint hand from the departments. The whole article gives an idea of the tremendous value that livestock has already become to
the Colony and what can be expected from it.
Building a Socialist City.................................... 25
An Active Week at Llano.................................. 17
What Thinkers Think........................................ 26
This time Robert K. Williams uses his typewriter
as a moving picturt;: · camera, and gives us a few
kaleidoscopic scenes when the big Idaho immigration began.
Two pages of the condensed subject matter of leading magazines for November.
A. Constance Austin · shows how fiat-roofed homes
are ideal for the dry, dear climate of Llano.
Our Mail Bag...................................................... 29·
Our Next Issue
The January Number of the WESTERN COMRADE Will Tell of Another Source of Wealth
at Llano-
Agriculture and Horticulture
It Will Tell of What
IS Already Accomplished, of What Will Be Done This Year, and of
the Plans for the Future. It Will be Another Smashing Llano Number. Send it to your
Friends. We will Mail it to Three Names for. Ten Cents.
..
..,
.. .
�Are You the One?
By Ernest S. Wooster
If I should one day tell of a land where happiness may be won
And point you the ~oad· where it stretches away o'er the hills toward the setting sun
And I'd give you the secret of how and where- the key to this wondrous land
Do you think you'd have the · wisdom and faith that it takes to underst~nd?
If I told you the gate were open wide and the way were smooth and clear,
And you could enjoy the things you like and the day were almost here
I am sure that you would . be glad to go.
But suppose that the way be long
Would you have the unfaltering endurance then to prove that your faith is strong?
If I told you the road to this wondrous land lay over the searing plain
And you'd have to toil and sweat in the dust, and toil and sweat again
Would you do your part as a strong man should, with your shoulder to the wheel? ·
Would I find you there with the loyal host in the fight for the commonweal?
Such a land there is, and I know it well, but I wonder if you're the one
To toil and moil from dawn till dark in the heat of the broiling sun?
I wonder if you have the brain and the heart to work and to think and to stay,
Or will you trail along when the fight is o'er and the troubles have passed away?
Have you the strength of the - pioneer and have you the pluck within?
Have you the purpose it takes to stick, the courage that's needed to win?
Or will you, after the battle is won and the trop_hy is . safe an~ sure,
Come trooping in with the host of those who foll'ow the path of the Doer?
The road lies straight ahead of you through the mountains. across the plain,
But the weak ones fall, and the fools return, and only the . strong remain.
But you'll not come if you have Fear, for Courage is in demand
If you're a practical man you'll never learn what the dreamer can understand.
If you rest at ease and you . stay at home while the dreamers work and build,
If you merely watch you can never know how the soul of the dreamer's thrilled:
And Llano will grow and her vision will live, but you 'II never realize
The joy of the fight a.s a pioneer with the courage to work . for the prize.
�Political
Action
Co-operation
Direct
Actioa
The Western Comrade
Devoted
VOL. IV
to
tl!e
Cau ae
of
Worker a
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, DECEMBER, 1916
Ed i to ri·a Is
S
ENATOR CLARK has discovered a soluti.o n for all our social and industrial ills in the practices of the early English people.
He tells us that "in olden times in England, a man who
boosted food prices was escorted to a blacksmith shop and
his ears nailed to the door."
It is plain to be seen that the army of the unemployed would
be quickly absorbed by the enormous demand for new blacksmith shops and doors to which the price boosters are to be
firmTy hitched by the ear.
--~
The only serious question that would confront the execution
of this policy is the size of the ears, it being generally conceded
that stingy and penurious people have small ears. However,
we presume that the Senator investigated this point before
making this propositon and found that this peculiar b reed of
Baalamitis possess ears amply sufficient for the occasion.
What a charming and inspiring picture it would be for the
young and untutored child to look upon these ear tied boosters,
and how the soul would be inspired by songs of this new species of Arizona canary, especially as their voices mingled
with the clang and ring of hammers in the forging of new
ear nails.
Truly a great philosopher is this man Clark.
-0-
E
the
MBARGO on wheat? Would not this interfere with the
rights of personal property? ·Would it not infringe upon
the freedom of contract, and the pursuit of happiness?
The farmer sold his wheat at threshing time for $1 .25 per
hundredweight. Now the same wheat is selling for $2.50.
How happy is he who buys for $1 .25 and sells for $2.50?
Who shall say no? Upon the profits of one good deal he may
live for a life time. Is not the pursuit of happiness guaranteed
by the constitution as a fundamental right?
Then, too, the soldiers in the trenches would not be able
to fight were they not fed. And as for the starving people in
the United States; might not that be worse if our exporting
business were cut off?
Of what use would our ships of commerce be in case of an
embargo? And what would become of our markets? Let
them go to other nations? What nons~nse! For what could
our navy be used if not to protect our foreign markets? We
must not forget that we have just appropriated $635,000,000
and this would all be lost.
We must not k~ep our wheat at home. This would not be
No. 8
By Job Harriman
business. If we do not feed our sister countries while they
slaughter each other, they would never forgive us. We must
remember that there are courtesies of state.
Those in charge of governmental ·affairs cannot be in the
trenches. They are the guardians of the public interests. If
they were slain how would the machinery of government be
manned; and who would preserve the great fortunes; and·
who would conduct the commercial affairs of the country; and
who would be able to decide when the millions of citizens
should be sent to die in the trenches for their country?
Those who urge embargo surely do not understand the
blessing that war always brings; the prosperity that always
follows in its trail; and the tremendous fighting qualities it
develops. True, a certain brutality develops, ·but this alway.§
follows and accompanies all our business transactions, even
in times of peace. We cannot be too chary of our conscience
in business. Were humanity to adopt this course, no fortunes
would accumulate, culture would disappear; humanity would
be reduced to a common level and there would be no class
wise enough to guide and care for the millions of helpless
creatures who are always present in times of peace and whose
numbers are multiplied by every war.
- o-
A
NOTHER plank should .be added to the Socialist platform
which would read as follows:
"All genuine co-operative enterprises shall hereafter receive
the sanction and support of the Socialist Party."
"We object." Who are you? How many are there of you ?
Do you object because you arre opposed to helping the
Llano del Rio Colony? Well, if that b true, you may rest
upon your oars, for we are not calling for help. We are
offering aid to the Party. Will you accept our assistance ?
Then let us discuss the advisability and the reasons for this
new plan.
Do not be afraid that the Party will be injured in case of
failure. Far less injury would accrue to the Party if your
co-operative enterprise fails, than if you had never tried to
co-operate.
Failure is always present where there is no effort. Nothing
is worse than stagnation. Stagnation is death. The stagnant
pool or decaying body is unworthy of nature, except to protect one's self from disease.
Though voting is necessary, yet voting alone is only a process of fermentation. If such fermentation proceeds long
�Page eight
EDITORIALS
enou3h. the whole Party will b~ome intoxicated with mere
abstractions. This begets a kind of insanity, of fanatic:Jsm,
that destroys efficiency and leads but to the tomb.
.
T caching is fine, but teaching without action is but a
sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal. Teaching without action ends in quarrelling and bickering over abstractions and
technicalities; until the heart is sickened, hope is abandoned,
and the mind decays.
The elements of growth are not to be found in such mental processes.
The problems of life will not be settled by such l!lethods,
even though every motion is unanimously carried. New conditions follow so fast, the one after the other, that fOnstant
turmoil follows unless those involved are continually applying
their theories to the affairs of life. Theories, however correct,
must be practically applied or they will breed dictators and
demagogues.
Theories separate from actual experience have no cohesive
social force. For a time the imagination is dazzled by them,
but only for a short time. The large majority so attracted
soon lose interest and go their way. It is for this reason that
our party is a gateway through which our Socialists pass from
conservative to radical schools. Once gone they rarely return.
They leave us to hunt for recruits amon g new material. It is
in the old material that our greatest vitality should be found.
And it is in them that it will be found when we put our
theories of co-operation into practf/!:::__
)
We are afraid to apply the principles~h we believe.
Are we afraid that capitalism is too efficient? Will it ever
become less efficient?
f.
Afraid! It is capitalism that makes us cowards. Fear is
its strongest chain. We are bound almost as strongly by fear
as by our economic conditions. Our ability to work depends
upon the freedom of the mind as well as upon our courage
and understanding.
Slavery is a result of ignorance. We learn slightly through
theory, largely through action. An ignorant man is as helpless
as an ignorant horse.
However much we may know theoretically, no fruit will be
gathered wtthout action.
The
Western
Comrade
E
NGLAND may not be as belated in regard to the socialization of shipping as would appear from some statements.
in British newspapers. Winston Churchill has written an article that is attracting widespread attention because he points
out a number of "State Socialistic" institutions that England
has yet to put into operation.
England realizes now in the stress of circumstances that Germany far outstripped her years ·before the war began. At the
outset of the struggle the men upon whom fell responsibilities
for men and equipment found that the gentle art of muddling
through helped but little when by organization and system
alone could they hope to meet the splendid and efficient
socialized machinery of the German Empire.
Despite this late day utterance the government has already
assumed ownership of forty-five percent of the shipping, and
the move commits England to full possession of her shipping.
Ownership of railways, trams, and steamships will be followed
by the inevitable ownership of the means of operation and replenishing. This will force ownership of the more important
sources of supplies-fuel, steel, and timber. It will compel
the seizure of mines and forests.
Mr. Churchill says many of these things would ha~e been
done long ago had the English people "not been foolish."
The statesman includes himself, thus admitting he has only recently seen the light. He has gone a long way in urging
socialization upon England and his utterances will carry much
conviction to his class, but whether such men as he see the
great necessity and give warning, or not, the forward movement will not be retarded. They may accelerate it, however,
and all such educational acts have their value. Churchill
and his class will want to stop short of real Socialism--elimination of profits and profiteers. This they will not be able to do.
Capitalism will find that "State Socialism" will not stop conveniently at a point where profit and exploitation may continue.
The sturdy Briton will learn the ease with which one may
jump from a tenth story window and the difficulty of stopping
in midflight, opposite the fifth floor. It's the long plunge
for England.
R
EAMS have been written about California climate. Much
We must understand that as long as we work in industries .of it is true, much untrue. There is one true sourceowned by others the fruits of our labor accrue to the beneftt the meteorological observation chart.
of others. It is for this reason that every stroke of labor adds
We are far from the tropics, and far from Medicine Hat.
power to the institutions that beset us.
No other spot we know has the high average sunshine that
The dominating and controlling power of every age abides we have at Llano.
.
in the institutions of that age.
In November the daily newspapers carried stories of temBefore the working class can grasp the powers of govern- peratures far below zero, blizzards and snowstorms in almost
ment they must develop working class institutions in which every part of the country. At Llano on November 4th we had
heir energy throbs and through which they gain their subsis- a cloudy day. The remainder of the month was clear. On
tence. Political power is a result of economic institutions
six days there was some wind but no heavy wind-the other
and, at best, are in turn only secondary causes of them.
' days were calm.
When the workers learn this fact the gates of freedom will
The lowest temperature was 27 above zero early in the
swing open. Until then, they will remain locked and barred, morning of Nov. 13. but during the day the sun warmed the
and the chains will rattle about our feet.
llano, and the temperature rose to 46. A month of sunshine.
�The
Western
Comrade .
. EDITORIALS
T
HE feeling of discouragement now widespread in the Socialist Party is so intense that it is beginning to merge
into despair. Only in a few localities has the vote increased
and stimulated the hopes and activities of the local membership. Even in such localities there is felt the depressing effect
of the more general sluggish conditions.
The question "What shall we do to be saved?" is pressing
ever harder upon us.
Our party is incorrectly organized. We have no connection
with organized labor. We are endeavoring to found a labor
movement by drawing large numbers of unorganized working
men into a political party. This cannot be done. Labor movements are fundamentally economic in their character and we
are endeavoring to make them fundamentally political. True,
this is not our philosophy, but it is our conduct politically.
The party proposes to capture the powers of government
first; then with the powers of government it is proposed to
ta ke over the economic institutions.
This policy is likewise impracticable. To some extent it
can be successfully carried out. But, as a general and final
policy, it must ultimately fail.
What is the "powers of government?" Is it merely offices?
Is not the element of authority involved in every office? And
whence comes the authority?
All governmental power, which is only another name for
a uthority, springs from the institutions upon which the government rests.
Before the government can revolutionize the institutions upon which it rests it must gain the consent of those in control of
those institutions.
Within the European war zone this transformation is now
going on, but the necessities of war have forced the consent of
those in control of the industries. The capitalists themselves
have willingly stepped out of their own factories and turned
the management over to their own capitalist government.
But no such consent has ever been, or ever will be, given by
the capitalist class who hold the institutions, to a socialist po-
Page nine
litical machine, even though the popular vote supported the
machine.
In such case the resources of the industries, the army and
the implements of war would be turned upon the populace
before the vote became overwhelming.
Had such a crisis developed in any of the powerful European
governments the working class would have gone down in defeat, in pools of blood, before the siege gun, the shrapnel, and
the other powerful artillery.
The powers of government lie in the institutions from
which the subsistence of a people is drawn, and not in political
offices when these offices are separate from those institutions.
The institutions and the political party must be intricately
bound up together before the political machine can be pregnant with power. Without a vital connection with industrial
and economic institutions the political machine is but a hollow shell.
The Socialist Party has no connections either with the industrial or economic instit~tions. For this reason it has but
little vitality, and its growth is checked with every adverse
storm.
Vitality and power will come only when the whole movement, political, industrial, and economic, are unified and under
the control of one central power.
E
-o--
VERY phase of human thought and activity is being
revolutionized by the European war. The political state
is gradually and unconsciously being transformed into an
industrial state, while the warring spirit of commercialism is
dying, and a spirit of brotherhood is growing under the unifying influence of the many new government industries, and
the grief, sorrow and sympathy following the indescribable
suffering in the trenches.
Under the influence of the nationally-owned industries the
commercial and industrial spirit of each country will become
as one; under the influence of sorrow and sympathy it · will
be made sweet; and under the influence of both it will be
made whole.
Up From the Earth
By Ma x E h r m a n
L
ET me do my work each day, and if the darkened hours of despair overcome me, may I not
forget the strength that comforted me in the desolation of former times. May I not forget the bright
hours that found me walking over the silent hills of
my childhood, or dreaming on the margin of the
quiet river, and the light glowed within me and I
promised my early God to have courage amid the
tempests of changing years.
·
Spare me from bitterness and from the sharp passions of unguarded moments. May I not forget that
poverty and riches are of the spirit. Though the
world knows me not, may my thoughts and actions
be such as shall keep me friendly with myself. Lift
my eyes from the earth and let me not forget the
uses of the stars. Forbid that I should judge others
lest I condemn myself. Let me not follow the clamor
of the world, but walk calmly in my path. Give me
a few friends who will love me for what I am;
and keep ever burning before my vagrant steps the
kindly light of hope. And though age and infirmity
overtake me, and I come not within sight of the castle
of my dreams, teach me still to be thankful for life
and for time's olden memories that are good and
sweet; and may the evening's twilight find me gentle
still.
�The
Page ten
Western
Comrllde
Live Stock of Llano
- pRSES, mules, dairy cattle, range cattle, goats, rabbits,
j ~ogs, chickens, tu rkeys, bees, and trout, not to men1 tion the expected acquisitions of sheep, guinea fowl.
___ pea fowl. pet stock, and fancy stock-these can all
be listed as Llano's li vestock. When the list is complete-and
the time is not far distant when it will be-Llano can boast
of a live stock industry which will be worth hundreds of thousands of dollars, which will employ scores of persons, which
will breed stock of superior quality, which will go far toward
sustaining the Colony, and which will be a source of pride as
well as a source of income.
These departments are all well managed , and are rapidly
being well equipped. The men employed in them are experienced men of high ideals and a thorou gh understanding of
their callings. With the sense of responsibility requisite to success, and with the broader ambition and higher motive of
building up their portion of the greatest co-opemtive enterprise
in the world, the livestock men are demonstrating the value of
their efforts.
Every department of the livestock industry has been developed to the point where, from now on, it will make many
times the apparent progress it has made in the past, and the
figures rep resenting values will be multiplied rapidly.
It is an inspiration to review the livestock departments at
Llano and to forecast their growth . The fi gures give n here
and the descriptions are conservative and represent the facts
as they actually exist.
H
Dairy Has Great Future
- - - ANUARY I , 19 I 5 , nearly two years ago, the first
herd of cows came to Llano. It was a day of rejoicing, the beginning of a new industry, another
___ _ source of income, and also promised better living
conditions for Llano residents. The entire population, a lmost,
went to the "wash" to meet the incoming herd. It was an
occasion to celebrate.
Previous to the arrival of the herd from the Imperial Valley
there had been a few cows in the Colony, but the number was
wholly inadequate to supply the demands of the rapidly increasing population. To-day the herd numbers about one
hundred and ten fine Holstein and J ersey cows, and the value
is placed at about $1 I ,000. More cows are being negotiated
for, young heifers now on the range will soon be ready to
JI
add to the herd, and there is no reasonable limit placed on
the ultimate size of the Llano dairy herds.
Recently a registered Holstein bull has been secured to
head the herd. He is a splendid animal and comes of a
fa mily of Holsteins noted for high milking averages.
The dairymen in charge-George Milligan, head of the
department, assisted by Otto Swanson and the Murray brothers. Clarence, Luther, and Elmer-are proud of their dairy :
incidentally the rest of the Colony is proud of the dairy and
the dairymen.
Out on the range, being herded by Onie Morris, are a fine
lot of yol!lng heifers. varying in age from four months to
two years. They are growing strong, sleek, fat, and healthy.
When about seven months old the calves are turned out on the
range. About forty calves are usually at the calf corral.
When the young heifers are added to the dairy herd, and
when the ma ny small herds which are expected to be secu red
through memberships, are added, the Llano dairy will require
the services of many additional men.
Holsteins are the preferred stock. They are larger, rustle
better on the range, and are hardier. They give a greater
quantity of milk, and the amount of butter fat to tile cow is
as great as produced by any breed. The skim milk is a valuable consideration. It is now being fed to the hogs and calves.
When the creamery buildings are established at the dairy, this
milk will be converted into cheese, giving Llano another food
product. It is because of the large quantity of milk that the
Holstein has won its way with the Llano d airymen. It is
quite as important that the young stock be good rustlers, for
this is essential to their welfare while on the range.
Conditions at Llano are healthful. Since the question of
the health of cattle was raised many years ago a nd inspection
for tuberculosis became mandatory, the light against tuberculosis became keen. Tubercular cattle are like tubercular people. The conditions that prevent it are about the same in
either case. The dry air of the Antelope Valley is insurance
against this dread disease, and Llano dairymen have a distinct
advantage.
The fresh water is another desirable feature. A concrete
drinking fountain, a lways full of fresh, pure mountain water,
stands in the corral. It is circular, about twenty feet in diameter, and is kept clea n all the time.
The soil at Llano, being of a granite formation, does not
become muddy. This is quite important where cows are kept
in a corral constantly.
THE LLANO RABBITRIES ARE. BUlLT ABOUT A QUADRANGLE. two sides o f which a re shown here. The building is commodious
IS one of a senes wh1ch w1II uliJmately be butlt to hou.e the greatest rabbitry on the Pacific coast.- Photo by
and modern, and
Banbury.
�Th~
West~rn
Comrade
Page eleven
LLANO TEAMS GOING OUT TO WORK. Taking care of the learns is no small job. The Llano corral is like a huge con·
slruction camp. To give protection from the storms and adequately house the horses a stone barn is being built which is to be
more than 160 feel long and 80 feel wide.-Photo by Banbury.
One of the most valuable advantages possessed by Llano, is
the quality of the alfalfa. It makes a quick growth; seven
crops were harvested this year, which is remarkable. Because
it is so sweet and fine stemmed, the cows eat every straw of
it. They relish it and there is no waste. This becomes more
significant when it is remembered that the cows are fed alfalfa
almost exclusively.
The climate of Llano does not necessitate elaborate housing
and green feed is available for nine months in the year. Llano
cows are not fed grain. They produce enormous quantities
of milk on alfalfa alone and they thrive on it and keep healthy. •
The big concrete silo, with its capacity of three hundred
tons, is filled each fall. It is one of the largest silos built
anywhere and it is a good one. Ensilage is made mostly from
corn stalks cut up in small pieces and packed in tightly. In
the silo it goes through a fermenting process that makes it
extremely palatable to the cows. It has fat-producing qualities that supplement the alfalfa.
Pumpkins and root crops will be planted each year to become a part of the dairy supplies. They grow well at Llano
and will be included in the plans for producing stock foods.
The housing situation is fairly well in hand, but some more
building must be done as soon as stone masons can be spared
from other work. The dairy barn is built of rock and is a
good piece of work. It is of ample size and well constructed.
The cows are put in stanchions to be milked. A concrete-lined
cesspool catches the manure, which is later hauled to the
gardens.
Across the road is the calf corral and a pasture for the
young calves not yet large enough to be put on the range.
Here a calf barn is being built sixty feet long and fifty-two
feet wide, a portion of it to be completed first and put into
use. It will also be of rock and when completed will be convenient in arrangement and intended to be adequate for some
years to come.
At present the creamery is located near the commissary, in
the main town of Llano, which is half a mile from the dairy.
Plans have been drawn for a new creamery which is to be established convenient to the dairy. Here the milk will be handled in a modern and sanitary manner, separated, bottled for
the milk route which will then be established, made into butter and cheese, and cared for after truly up-to-date methods.
The centralizing of the dairy industry in this manner will
be economical in many ways. It has not been done before this
time simply because this has not been possible. Among the
plans and dreams that Llano residents indulge in is one that
contemplates the establishment of an ice factory before another summer arrives. When that time comes the Llano
creamery will be in a position to handle its products with complete satisfaction to the men employed in the dairy as well as
the residents generally.
Much credit is due those employed in the distribution of milk
and the making of butter; Comrade Charles Groves, assisted
by Mrs. Groves part of the time and by George Grazier all
of the time, perform their duties in an efficient manner.
Last year the production of butter, as given in the creamery
report to the state, was 17,120 lbs. Besides this, 7,320 gallons
of whole milk were used during the year by residents, and sixty
gallons of skim milk were available daily. These figures include the period from October, 1915, to October, 1916. The
Llano dairy is well managed, sound, profitable, and intelligently directed. The men in charge understand their business
and have ideals. They are ambitious of making it one of
the model dairies of the state of California.
·'
Wealth from Ranges
- - -yiNG to the north and east of Llano are thousands and
thousands of acres of plain. Apparently it is close
at hand, so close that the newcomer not infrequently
underestimates the immense scope of the territory
over which the eye so easily skims. Directly across the valley
rise the Lovejoy Buttes; easterly re~rs the huge bulk of Blaek
Butte, and further away Gray Mountain is seen. Between
these points and east of them stretching off towards the point
where sky and earth meet, hundreds and thousands of tons of
feed grow and die every year. And here is potential wealth
for Llano. These acres of pasture can be made her acres, and
her flocks and herds can graze on them.
Onie Morris, cattleman for many years, assisted part of th~
time by his brothers, Melvin and Gerald, takes his little hera
of something over 130, and sees them fatten on the hip-high
grasses of the plain below. They are the calves of the milk
herd and most of them will become docile milk cows in time.
He also has about twenty head of young horses and mules on
the range.
But Comrade Morris sees beyond that. He sees into the
future, sees the time when the Llano herds, "beef herds,"
will doi the .valley. It is a matter of water. Years ago the
L
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Page twelve
Western
Comrade
Antelope valley was a cow country. Cowboys of the old
school. coiled their lariats, rode their tough bronchos, and
rounded up their cattle. Then came the settler, intelj on
making a home on cheap government land. The old fight was
discussing hogs the subject of climate is once more
brought up. Agreeable climate is as much a matter
fought, the fight of the cattleman being dispossessed of his
of benefit in raising animals as it is in attracting
domain by the prosaic farmer. And the "nester" won. The
people. Llano's mild climate, the clean soil, the pure
cattle left; where thousands once fed, only hundreds now are
seen. But gone, too, is the settler and the whole valley is air, the absence of neighboring hogs to communicate disease,
almost a blank. He fought a losing game. Water is deep and and the fact that the herd is already clean, insures continued
expensive to develop out there, and he could not make the success, if even but reasonable care be given.
. But John Will, in charge of the hog department, is not satishome he had dreamed of. Herein lies Llano's opportunity.
No one can develop water so cheaply as can the colonists. fied with ordinary care. He wants them to have ideal care.
No one can secure labor so cheaply. It requires water only He wants the little pigs protected from the weather. He wants
to make the herding of cattle profitable. just water and the them to have comfortable quarters and running water. He
cattle. The Colony controls enough of this rich pasture land wants to keep them clean.
Clean hogs? Yes, clean hogs. The old saying "dirty as a
w support five hundred head of cattle. Limitless a<ereage is
available. Wells will be bored. Cattle will be bought, traded pig" will go out-of-date in Llano if John Will has his way. He
for, gotten somehow. The plan is workable. There is wealth says clean hogs are healthy hogs. So he is building pens for
for the Colony in it. Nowhere on earth is there better range. them, yards for them, bringing running water to them. He
The feed comes early; it is good; it lasts. The beef round- has signs which read "Do Not Feed the Pigs." He looks after
up can be made early in the year, months ahead of the ranges his pets more carefully than many folks look after their
children.
of the older cattle regions.
Onie Morris says he can take care of five hundred head of
But John Will is not a crank on hog culture. He only incattle with the water and the ranges we now have. He wants sists on commonsense methods. He doesn't believe in fads,
these cattle as soon as they can be procured. Then he will but he follows proven theories.
begin forming a herd that will number thousands. It is his
Poland-Chinas, Berkshires, and Duroc-Jerseys are the stock.
dream. It is a fea sible one. The range is there. The water Most of the breeding is done toward the Duroc-Jersey, as excan be pumped. We have the labor. The markets are close perience shows that they are better suited to conditions here
by. It is just a matter of time. Not only will the Colony at Llano.
herds furni sh the Colony with beef, but there will be a surplus
Llano hogs get good treatment. Long houses have been
besides. It will command highest prices because it will reach built and each brood sow has her own apartment. The little
excellent markets. The old cattle days will come again, but pigs play about in their own front yards. It is an interesting
they will be Llano cattle days. The climate is the best; there sight and one that always impresses visitors to see the fat
is no loss of stock through bad weather. As a source of wealth ' little pigs playing about as happily as puppies.
for the Colony the ranges offer vast possibilities.
Breeding For Fancy Stock
I
LL<\NO BUILDERS PUT UP MANY PENS for the housing of the pigs
end one of the builders is shown here extending a string of pens which
were filled almost as rapidly as they were built. The insert shows why
Comrade J ohn Will believes the hog department will have thousands of
pigs in it within a few years.- Photo by Banbury.
\
Pure Bred Hogs
r
The ideal of the hog department is to have all high bred,
registered stock. A good start has already been made. Colony Berkshires of royal pedigree and Duroc-Jerseys of imperial lineage took premiums at the Antelope Valley Fair at Lancaster. They took firsts and seconds, and earned them. "Jimmie," the great red boar, is valued at $150. One of the
Berkshire boars is three years old and worth $100; the other
is a year old, and his value is placed at $75. Two DurocJersey sows are worth $50 each. One Berkshire sow is valued
at $100, a younger one at $50. These are conservative
figures.
In this department are one. hundred brood sows valued at
$25 each, and ninety shoats worth $15 each. Of small pigs
there are probably two hundred at the time this article reaches
the reader. They vary in age from three days to three months.
No estimate · is placed on their value.
With this nucleus of Berkshire and Duroc-Jersey thoroughbreds, the hog department is expected to soon have some extra
fine stock for sale. Pedigreed hogs are worth, when four
months old, from $35 to $40, when the reputation of the herd
is established. Inside of three years, John Will expects to have
a t least five hundred brood sows; as rapidly as possible these
will be eliminated until only pure bred stock remains.
In one corral at the hog ranch are the shoats; in another,
the older pigs. No feed has been bought; no cash has been
expended. The garden furnishes the feed, supplemented by
the garbage from the houses. This department can show almost all profit to its credit. It will be immensely profitable
within a few years. Last year the meat furnisherl by the hog
department was valued at $1043.45.
�The
W~stern
Comrade
Page thirteen
The hogs are gentle and unafraid. Two long pens provide
shelter for the brood sows and the little pigs. These are built
with wooden roofs, the partitions of adobe and pa'lt of the
wall of adobe. The hogs are rapidly being housed in a suitable manner.
Hogs with length and breadth, the kind that provide the
most meat at the least expense, breeds that are healthy and
prolific. the kind that are in demand in the markets everywhere as breeding stock - these are the kind that Llano will
exhibit at the fairs and breed for profit.
Llano Uses Many Horses
The horses and mules were all turned in as payment for
stock in the Llano de'· Rio Colony, and have not cost the
Colony a cent in cash. Some are saddle horses, but most of
them are good strong work horses. The health of the horses,
like that of all other live stock at Llano, is· uniformly good.
Though fed only alfalfa hay without any grain at all, the
horses perform the heaviest work and keep strong and in good
condition. It testifies to the quality and value of Llano alfalfa.
Occasionally some of the stock is turned out on the range.
About thirty men on the ranch use teams. They are all
interested in the management of the corrals and are pleased
with it. One team is kept busy in corral work. The corral
resembles a huge construction camp's equipment, with the
many horses, the feed racks, the wagons and farm implements.
Everyone is proud of this department and the way in which
it is conducted.
With the regular handling of timber, the establishing of
deliveries of vegetables, milk, and groceries, the hauling of
materials for building at the permanent city, and the herding
of more livestock, a greater number of horses will be required. The Llano del Rio Colony will use many horses.
- - -oRSES are now most important in doing the work of
the ranch, and will continue to be important for some
f time to come, but in the opinion of ]. C. Crawford,
___j who has charge of the corrals, the day will come
when virtually all of the work now being done by
horses and mules will be performed by machinery. The climate and soil and contour of the land present no problems
not easily surmounted.
A Jack worth $1000,
horses and mares worth
$7000 and mules worth
$2600, make up the
work stock of Llano.
There are twelve mules
and eight-five horses.
Wagons and harness are
valued at $2000. About
thirty head of work
stock and several wagons in addition could
be used to advantage in
the opinion of the farmers.
Though it is the expectation that eventual~
ly machinery will be
substituted for horses
and mules, nevertheless
it is the intention of this
department to raise as
many mules as possible.
and the twenty brood
FATIENING PORKERS FOR LLANO TABLES. The finest pork to be bought anywhere is served to the
mares are expected to
residents of Llano. The insert shows "'.Jimmie'' the hi gh-priced registered Duroc·Jersey boar of which the
produce colts that will
hog department is so proud. !::!~ is a blue ribbon w inner.- Photo by Banbury.
add materially to the
value of our livestock.
The horses and mules .are kept to the north of the present
town of Llano. A huge new stone barn is already under construction. It will be eighty feet in width, and one hundred and
l..ANO claims to have one of the largest rabbitries in
sixty-two feet in length and will be modern and convenient.
The horses and mules will be sheltered along the sides, while
the West. Within two years more, following the plan
the vast interior of the building will be filled with hay. Harof W. L. Kilmer, who has charge of it, Llano will
ness rooms, feed rooms, and all equipment that makes a really _ __ have the largest in the West, if not in the entire counup-to-date horse barn, will be built in. Though it is expected try. This is plausible because it is the property of all.
that machinery may take the place of horses, yet that day is
Established March 24, 1915, by Comrade Kilmer, who prestill some time off, and as Llano has the material necessary, ceded the rabbits by about a month, the industry has grown
and the men who know how, to build ~ barn, the work stock steadily. Fifty New Zealand rabbits made up the nucleus;
are to be given adequate shelter.
it has been increased till now there are about three hundred
Two men are kept constantly employed in addition to Com- breeding does. It will have eight hundred as soon as Comrade
rade Crawford. They are E. 0. Musselman, who works in the Kilmer can raise and select suitable stock to bring it up to
harness room, keeping the hamess·in repair, and Frank Szillat that number. Comrade Kilmer is assisted in the work by Comwho is the yard man.
rade H. H. Montgomery.
'
Hi
Thousands of Rabbits
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Page fourteen
The entire cash outlay for feed and for materials to build
the rabbitries has been perhaps $600. The rabbits have cost
nothing in cash. This is a very small cash outlay consid~ing
the fact that so much of it has gone for equipment and that,
besides increasing his breeding stock enormously: Comrade
Kilmer has turned in meat to the commissary which the books
show to be valued at $747.00. This figure was for meat
turned in from January I, to November I, 1916.
Before coming to Llano, Comrade Kilmer was engaged in
the rabbit industry, and he knew its possibilities. With meat
becoming more and more scarce it was apparent that some
substitute for beef and pork and mutton must be found. Rab-
Mon is Brothers, who take care of the range herds and who expect
to make their department one of the most important of the Llano
- Photo by Banbury
del Rio possessiens within five years.
bits seemed to offer the solution to the problem. All over the
United States others were learning the same thing. The market value of rabbits leaped from practically nothing to 25
and 30 cents a pound.
Rabbit raising at Llano is a scientific and carefully handled
industry. Though Kilmer knows his business he claims to be
merely a student. He is always open for new ideas, and constantly studies his pets.
In the selection of breeds he paid little attention to the
claims made by the fanciers of the different breeds. Instead,
he is comparing and keeping records. He has New lealands,
Flemish Giants, Belgians, and Angoras, besides a few albinos.
His comparisons of the breeds under identical conditions at
Llano has shown him the following facts; though he has not
yet finished his studies and is withholding judgment.
The New lealands breed true to color and are therefore
growing in favor with fanciers. They are comparatively small
eaters, yet they grow as large as any rabbits, and command a
better price at one to one and a half pounds in size, the time
when it is most profitable to· dispose of them. This is the size
the market demands.
The Belgians vary in color more, but are excellent off-season
breeders. They do not seem to be greatly different in many
respects from New lealands.
The Flemish Giants are much like the Belgians, breeding
less true to color, perhaps, than even the Belgians. When fully matured they are larger, but do not make the quick early
growth characteristic of the New lealands.
The Angoras have the long, white, fluffy hair which gives
them their name. It has been Comrade Kilmer's experience
that they make probably the best mothers. They are chiefly
in demand as pets.
\
Western
Comrade
The Albinos are considered chiefly as sports, and .are not
taken seriously.
Comrade Kilmer confesses to a preference for the New lealands at present, though he has a larger stock of Belgians.
When he has built up the rabbitry to 800 or I 000 breeding
does he intends to maintain the greater number in New lealands. Stock is now being graded, and will gradually be
worked up to pure bred stock of different breeds.
Alfalfa hay is being fed, with some roots, such as carrots,
and a little grain for the breeding stock.
Outlook For The Rabbiby
The new rabbitry has been pretty well completed, or rather,
the first unit. It has been built quadrangular, 15 feet in width,
three completed sides measuring 72, 84, and 91 feet respectively. A three foot aisle down the center of each house
permits strings of hutches two feet wide, four feet in length,
and three in a tier. Stock intended to be marketed is kept in
corrals, a hundred or more in each corral. The inside of the
quadrangle, forming a court, will be devoted to this purpose.
The feed house is separate. Hay is hauled and stacked conveniently near.
It is the ideal of the rabbit department to furnish meat for
Llano, to have meat to sell, to find a profitable method of using
the pelts of the rabbits, and to sell stock to fanciers. These
things are possible of achievement soon. Every condition here
indicates the highest success.
A great deal of meat has already been supplied. For lack
of housing, the rabbit ry has been hampered. Rabbits are
healthy here, food is cheaply produced, and now the immediate
housing requirements are satisfied.
The chief demand is for New lealands, Belgians, and Flemish Giants. Comrade Kilmer expects to raise many prize
winn~rs. He plans to cater to the class of fanciers who pay
from $2 to $1000 for rabbits that catch their fancy. Rabbits
make suitable pets; there is money to be made selling them.
The demand for fur and leather suggests great possibilities
in disposing of the pelts; when the tannery is established here
is a fruitful field for investigation and study. It is planned
to can the meat for profitable marketing. It is also possible
to sell the meat fresh in the Los Angeles markets.
One man can care for 300 to 400 breeders and the young.
Some interesting ligures are brought out. An average litter
is six; they are ready for market at four to ten weeks old, and
will dress out between one and two and a half pounds, the
meat being worth twenty-five to thirty cents. Four litters are
produced in a year. The cost of feeding is one "cent a day for
the mother and young. This is far cheaper than any other
meat can be produced.
Llano rabbits are already profitable. They will soon become
a source of income and their importance will grow with the
development of Llano.
Plan for Much Poultry
- - - HERE is probably as much misinformation and as
much superstition regarding the raising of chickens
as can be found anywhere. From the unfounded
__ _ _ belief that pointed eggs produce roosters, to the
scientific handling of poultry, is a wide sweep.
A few years ago a gentlemen in Kansas City put poultry
into the highly commercialized class of products by exploiting
them as breakfast foods and automobiles are exploited. He
produced a $10,000 hen and took along a trained nurse to
take care of her on her trips to the poultry shows. Eggs sold
T
�The
Western
Comrade
at fabulotl$ prices. Whether the owner made any money or
not, he put the -poultry business on a new basis.
Another commercial minded poultry man advertised extensively how he became rich by intensive poultry production.
His fad was chickens in the back yard. H~ didn't mention
what the neighbors had to say regarding chickens under their
windows, but he probably made money teiling others how to
transform the back yard into a profitable hen yard.
From these extreme cases to the rnoducing of poultry at
Llano is a long way. In Llano there are no fads being tried
out. The chickens are White Leghorns, acknowledged to be
good layers. A tested laying strain will be developed. It is
the ambition of the poultrymen to raise ten thousand chicks
during the coming year.
George T. Pickett and the boys of the Junior Colony are
now in charge of the chickens. They have a good start, have
a poultry house seventy feet by sixteen feet and expect to
make it larger. They are planting alfalfa to produce range '
and green feed. They expect to have running water in all of
the yards. The sandy soil, the pure air and water, and the
range over the alfalfa field constitute ideal conditions. The
house is of adobe brick.
It is the plan to purchase day-old chicks this year instead
of putting in an incubation system. The latter will be developed next season when the poultry business will be well
established.
Hope To Have 1000 Turkeys
Early last spring, we bought some baby turkeys, poults, as
they are called. George Pickett took charge of them, and had
exceptional luck, losing but few. Now he has on hand a flock
of a hundred and thirty fine turkeys, one hundred of them
being hens. Two great Toms, 28 to 30 ponuds each, head the
flock and strut proudly ahead, gobbling their defiance of anyone who would dare suggest making them the center of the
Christmas dinner. The thirty smaller Toms have gone the way
that most turkeys do during the holiday season.
Starting with this fine flock of I 00 Bronze Turkeys, Pickett
:111d the boys at the Junior Colony expect to develop a flock
of 1000 for the holidays next year. Grain fields are to be
planted this winter and when the turkeys are large enoughnlong in April or May- they will be taken to these fields to
grow and fatten .
During the first three weeks of the young turkey's life, he is
carefully handled. Hard boiled egg, chopped onion , and milk
curd form the bill of fare. This is the critical period. Safely
past the fust month of his life. the young turkey becomes rugged and hardy and can st>.nd inclement weather and all sorts
of hardships. But a mere chill during the first three weeks
is enough to end his career.
Comrade Pickett figures the alue of the turl.-eys he will
start the year with at about $350; this is a conservative estimate. If he is able to repeat the success of this year he will be
able to raise a thousand turkeys, worth more than $3000 in
all. And that is but the beginning of what he hopes to do.
Duck, Quail, Pheasants, Guineas, Pea Fowl.
Hopes and ambitions for the poultry department are farreaching. just at present chickens and turkeys are the stock
on hand. But ducks, geese, pea fowl, guinea fowl, pi!eoRs,
quail and pheasants can as well be added, and it is the ambition of the poultry department to have them before another
year has passed. Correspondence from those having any of
this stock is solicited.
Bee Industry Pays
o··~LY a bee man can appreciate what these busy little
[
co-operators are worth to the Llano del Rio Colony.
rLlano has 700 colonies, 40,000 to 60,000 residents in
_ _ each, and they are the most loyal workers that are to
be found ;mywhere.
Comrades B. G. Burdick, Wm. F. Bragg, and C. B. Shrock,
the latter living at Riverside to care for the Colony bees at
that place, handle the 700 stands of bees. Two years ago
last November when Comrade Burdick brought 150 stands
to Llano, he established an industry that last year turned into
the com:Oissary $1350 worth of splendid honey. But that
was not all of the wealth produced; the increase in bees was
worth $1000. Its present value, bees in hand, and honey
produced during the season of 1916 makes it a $4850 industry.
There are no inflated val ues in these ligures ; they are standard and are taken from facts familiar to any bee man.
Comrade B. G. Burdick has been a bee keeper for twenty
three years. He was president of the California Bee K~epers '
Association for three years. He understands the business thoroughly. He expects to have 5000 stands of bees in Llano and
vicinity within a few years. A stand of bees is worth about
$5.00; the average of 120 pounds of honey from each is worth
!ANY FINE JERSEY IN THE llANO DAIRY. These cows are fed only alfalfa hay, yet the mill p~oduclioo is ~uy high.
The J.,.., s and Hokteins in the henl are splendid cows and the herd is now headed by a thoroughbred repstered Holstem bull of
royal lin~e.-PhOto by Banbury.
�Pa~
The
sixteen
from four to eight cents a pound, and averaging at six cents
brinSJ the yearly production to $720 for each hive. Adding
the value of the swarm to the value of the honey p~uced
gives $12.20 for the annual value. Multiply this by 5000, and
you will gain some idea of the value of the Llano bee industry
within a very few years; the huge total is more than $60,000.
The Llano del Rio Colony will probably be the largest bee
keeper in the world by that time.
Bees can be artificially swarmed every thirty to forty days
during a part of the year, but this necessarily cuts down the
production of honey. During the coming year the Llano
stands will be increased to 1500 or more. Their present value
is $3500; by the beginning of next year the value will be
$7000, with the value of the honey produced in addition to
this. $3000 worth of honey should be produced during the
season of 1917.
About half of the Llano bees are near Riverside,.~here they
make orange blossom honey. The rest of them are scattered
about the district adjacent to the Colony. Eventually many
persons will be employed in this department.
The honey producing season commences in earnest in June
and is at its best through june, july, and August, but continues to be profitable unil the frosts come, usually in October.
Llano bees in the San Bernardino valley begin work in April,
and work through April, May, and June.
The bee department's requisition for 25,000 feet of sugar
pine and 15,000 feet of cedar for hives was one of the first
large orders for the Llano sawmill. Most of the equipment for
the bee business will be manufactured at Llano, so the cost of
the bee industry will be very small to Llano. The present
equipment is adequate and will continue to be sufficient with
very few purchases because so much can be manufactured
in the Colony.
It is the ambition of the bee department to increase the
number of stands as rapidly as possible and to sell the honey
by mail order. Many inquiries for Llano honey have already
come in, but it has been impos~ible to fill them, as the entire
output of honey is consumed here. Honey is a part of each
day's menu. The intention is to extract the honey, put it up
in 3, 5 and 10 pound cans, and deliver it by parcel post.
Honey is extracted by machinery. The comb is "capped"
by cutting off the tops of the cells. The combs are then put
into baskets in tanks and whirled rapidly, cen-trifugal force
throwing the honey out. The uncapped combs are then returned to the hives to be refilled by the patient exploited bees.
Their production is thus greatly increased as they do not have
to build new combs each time.
Another source of income from the bee department at Llano,
and one that has not been considered in reckoning the probable value of this department, is the propagation and sale of
queen bees. The Colony stands are largely Carnolians and
Italians. These bees are in great demand. The exceptional
conditions existing at Llano offer opportunities for developing a good business in selling Llano queens. Women can
handle this work very nicely, and Comrade Burdick is hopeful of interesting them in the work. As queens are worth one
dollar each and are not hard to rear, it is plain that this can
become a very profitable industry.
Some interesting facts concerning bees are learned by studying them. The average life of a worker in the busy season
is four to six weeks. Bees have been known to fly fifteen miles
with honey, and can work with advantage over a radius of
three miles. The bee earns its reputation for thrifty industriousness by beginning at daylight and working till dark. The
quality of the honey produced depends on the blossoms on
which the bees work, so the different seasons of the year as
\
WesterD
Comrade
well as different localities make a great difference in the honey
produced. The lighter in color the honey, the higher the
price, though an effort is now being made to grade honey
differently to prevent exploitation of bee keepers by the buyers and wholesalers. It is the intention of the Llano bee department to standardize in as few grades as possible, and then
hold to these grades, so that any order can be exactly duplicated at any time. This will be acomplished through careful blending.
To Have Wool Goats
[TI
OUGH it has ·not been given special attention, there
is one industry at Llano which is making progress
steadily, and promises to take its place as not only
unique, but highly remunerative.
This is goat raising.
A herd of twelve nannies, most of them blooded Swiss milk
goats, are the nucleus of the herd. The patriarchal Billy who
THIS $1000 JACK WON THE FIRST PRIZE when he was exhibited
at the Antelope Valley Fair. He is the finest in the valley and is truly
a splendid animal.--J'hoto by Banbury.
heads the flock is valued at $500; he is a goat of marvelous
size and impressive appearance.
·
The boys and girls of the Junior Colony have charge of the
goats, and have had for some months. The boys and girls
milk and feed the goats and claim them as their property.
They expect to develop a herd that will become a source of
revenue to their colony.
Goat milk is coming more and more into favor. It is very
rich and raises a cream just as cows' milk does. In some cities
there is an established business in supplying goats' milk.
Sometimes the goats are rented. Many physicians prescribe
goats' milk for their patients. The milk is very rich and highly nutritious. Some of the goats in the Llano flock give a gallon of milk a day. It is richer than cows' milk.
Llano's goats are fed alfalfa, garden truck, turnip tops,
and similar food. They are allowed to browse on the brush
(Continued on Page 28)
�The
Western
Comrade
Page seventeen
An· Active Week at LlanO
- - -T has been said often that we are too near the Hying
I
events to perceive them in their true colors and meaning. Therefore, it seems to me that the most interesting thing this month for all our good friends on the
outside would be to tell them of the happenings here during
the week of November 28 to December 7.
This article is not what the editor asked for. I was supposed to write a poetic description of the valley, of its everchanging colors which are perhaps the most charming in the
world, the surroundings, the geography, the topography, etc.
But somehow the muse would not come, and yet the callous
editor kept calling for "copy." I was not in an inspired frame
of mind when I climbed into bed at midnight and proceeded to
chew my pencil in a vain attempt to get started.
Then from an unexpected source came a Hood of ideas when
good old Comrade La Franchi of Idaho drove in at I: 15 Sunday morning with fourteen more new arrivals and wanted to
know where to put them for the remainder of the night.
The Saturday night dance was over, and Llano was quiet.
I thought the day's work was over except for the story that
I must have ready for the December issue. The past week
had been one of the most strenuous from a housing standpoint
that the Colony has ever experienced. Idaho had fallen on us
like an avalanche and had taxed our' accomodations to the
uttermost. Fifteen new members with their families had arrived. Besides them there were visitors from Canada, Texas,
Arizona, New jersey, Minnesota, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, and also some nearby neighbors. Housing was the
paramount problem. In all more than seventy-five persons had
to be immediately provided for, and made as comfortable as
possible where conditions were already crowded. However, all
were good natured and understood what was possible and what
was not.
It was not long before everything in the hotel - was full.
Our good colonists, and we certainly do have hosts of them,
volunteered space, bedrooms, blankets and everything necessary to make the people comfortable.
Our kitchen and dining room force, the finest in the world,
I actually believe, with smiles wreathing their faces, pitched in
and catered nobly to the demands of the tired and hungry
arrivals; the commissary force, just as m·uch interested, but
horribly perturbed lest the supplies would run short, filled
all our demands with grace; the creamery supplies were drawn
on with unusual persistence, but Groves and his force dug up
supplies from some mysterious source that has always been a
wonder to me.
This was the condition on Friday and Saturday. People
generally were comfortable and truly good natured, and enjoyed to the limit the Saturday evening dance. One of the
greatest crowds eyer assembled for a dance gathered, and the
contagion of fun entered everybody. The musicians, ever enthusiastic, pitched in and fully ten strong got on the platform
and amazed everybody· with the music furnished. There were
no delays between dances, and no one who cared to get on the
floor went without a dance. The big crowd surely demonstrated that the hall was too small. The hall which is also the
dining room, is 65 by 75 feet, yet if it were twi_ce as large
it would not be sufficient to ·accomodate 'those willing to take
part in the festivities, and fully accomodate the crowds that
twice weekly gather to attend the entertainments.
Comrade La Franchi of Idaho, had been writin.g us for a
long time saying: "Look out!" I'm cpming with a whole bunch
\
s·y
Robert K. Williams
of people." We believed him, and started to prepare for them.
A group of volunteers, one Sunday, went out to the "wash"
about a mile east, and gathered boulders to build a dormitory~
W-e made a good start that day, sending in some twenty-five
loads. The following morning Comrades Will, Tygeson, Swan~
son, Loring, Moulton, Pascoe, Lewitzky and others got busy
with the lime and sand that Comrade Irwin- of Idaho had
hauled in, and the foundation of a dormitory 134 feet by 32
feet was started. Stone work is slow, but fine time was made
on this building; b~t before we could get it half completed,
the influx from Idaho started, and at the same' time comrades
from Illinois, New jersey, Minnesota, California, and elsewhere arrived.
As I -said, everyone had gone home after the dance and I
was trying to get out a story. Comrade La Franchi had said,
earlier in the evening, that he was going down to the railroad
station to get nine more people from Idaho. When he did not
return by midnight we gav.e him up and I started to write.
When, at one hour and fifteen minutes after midnight, La
Franchi's voice sounding like a lost soul through the tent walls,
informed me that he had fourteen more people, I had my inspiration for a story. They were not the people he had gone
after.; they were relatives and friends of the earlier arrivals
from Idaho. After considerable skirmishing we got them settled comfortably for the rest of the night.
Sunday was spent looking about for places of shelter. I
discovered that Charlie Leedom had recently purchased a large
tCilt which he had not yet had a chance to use. An idea
struck me that perhaps this could be fitted up and used for
some of the new arrivals. He agreed to give it up, and Mrs.
Leedom suggested moving it to a new location. While my slow
head was wondering how soon teams could be procured, she
announced that it could be carried on the shoulders of the
Llano stalwarts. just at that moment ten men and boys finished moving a piano for Dr. Peterson, next door to Leedom's.
just the thing! They agreed with alacrity to help move the
lent, and within a few minutes fifty men and boys were
ready, took hold of the tent, and moved it to its new location.
After this affair, several carloads of nearby friends, as well
as the new members, were sent over the ranch and returned
late for supper.
A most inspiring sight met their eyes as they- opened the
door. A line of hungry diners almost a hundred feet long, was
passing before the servers at the cafeteria tables. A hum of
conversation, laughter and noise filled the hall. Everyone
seemed happy.
For weeks the youngsters, as well as the older people, had
been keyed up to a high state of expectation over the minstrel
show that Comrade A. A. Stewart, NOT of Idaho had been
advertising. Stewart likes minstrels. Perhaps it is because he
is a continuous minstrel show himself, and likes to appear
natural. At 6:50 the crowd began to gather. The show was
advertised for 8:00, but this made no difference to the eager
spectators. The tables were still occupied by diners, but
chairs were arranged and a vigil began. Considerable difficulty was experienced by the dining room girls in catering to
the wants of the diners, but all were served and everyone was
happy, though the little tots were very much in the way.
La Franchi again! Jje appears and says that nine more from
South Carolina, relatives of Mrs. McBride of Idaho, were at
Palmdale, and he and another were going in for them. -- Poor
�Page eighteen
La Franchi! He came all the way from Idaho to see the Llano
The
Western
Comrade
assemble before the hotel to have some pictures taken. A
big surprise was in -store for many of the colonists, who had not
minstrels, and had to miss seeing them.
In the meantime a tent with three beds was discovered un- realized how well the State of Idaho is represented her~.
More than 125 lined up in front of the camera, and Comrade
•
occupied and the new arrivals had a place to go.
At 8: 15 the curtain.rose on a circle of black-faced minstrels. Banbury snapshotted them.
While the housing conditions are inadequate and the needs
The hall was filled to over8owing. It was an interesting sight.
A year ago there were scarcely enough people to fill even the pressing, some way always seems to be open to take care of
smaller hall. Two and a half years ago, scarcely a dozen the newcomers. At the present time we are asking all who can
could have been gathered to hear a minstrel show, if such a possibly do so to advance a sufficient sum, usually from $100
to $200, to buy lumber for immediate needs. We are talking
show. were possible.
011e can now foresee a larger and still larger halls which of the immediate needs only. The saw mill, it is true, will
will be required to accommodate the folk who will come to this solve these difficulties, but various things conspire to keep us
mecca, this great drawing magnet of the radical world. One from getting a sufficient supply from there. For instance, we
cannot help but foresee a great community here. The Llano have several big jobs on hand that seem to be pressing. The
enterprise is growing in spite of everything, and nothing but a dormitory, surely much needed, will require several thousand
calamity yet undreamed of can keep the Llano del Rio Colony feet of lumber. The horse barn will require a lot of lumber.
from being the most widely known co-operative movement in The Montessori school is to be a big building and will also
require a considerable quantity. The enlarging of the hotel
the world.
"
The minstrel show was good despite lack of practice. It dining room and assembly hall is another requirement. Roofs
was evident that much
talent exists in the Colony, and like everything else that has a
start will develop into
something bigger and
better. Dramatic clubs,
choruses, glee clubs,
and soloists are developing, and getting on to
a working basis. An opportunity is afforded in
Llano for the development of genius, and illl
that is required is purpose and initiative.
The jokes were good,
and generally the singing was better than is
usually found, though
all the soloists make
apologies. Their efforts
were appreciated, and
everyone having the
courage to get before
GOAT RAISING can be developed into an extensive and profitable industry in Llano. The brush on the
a big audience and do
hillsides and on the plains below will support thousands of goats. It is the intention of the livestock deanything deserves sympartment to procure a herd of wool-bearing Angoras. The bucks shown here have a value of $200.
pathy and credit. The
Colony is always sympathetic and generous, one of the finest traits found here.
have to be put on many old frames now standing- a hundred
Recently Comrade job Harriman gave us a talk and in the places require lumber, and it will tax the capacity of the teamcourse of his splendid remarks said that the success of this sters, the woodcutters in the hills, and the sawyers at the mill
Colony depended on the state of mind. Bert Engle, one of the to keep abreast of the demand.
original members of the organization, who acted as "Jingles"
I wish I could impress upon everyone intending to come here
and rattled the bones a:s end man, said to Interlocutor Allen the true housing situation, and the necessity of coming preof Idaho: "Mr. Allen, yo' 'member Pres'dent Harrman saying pared with tents, bedding and the like. If we were just an
dat de sucksess of dis yer Colony dapended on a state ob ordinary community with settled conditions we could organize
mind?" "Yes. sir," said Comrade Allen, "I remember that re- and take care of everything arising, but it is quite impossible.
mark and think that it is perfectly true. I belleve that the
The ordinary hotel would be delighted at the number of arsuccess of the Llano Colony does depend on a state of mind." rivals, and would be waxing fat on the profits. With us it
"I muss disgree wid you, Mistah Allen," was Jingles' reply, is different. Each new boarder at the hotel means more work
'Tse been thinkin' dis yer thing over, and hab concluded in the kitchen and calls for more equipment with which to do
dat de sucksess of dis yer Llano Colony depends mostly on the work. We are kept enlarging and extending, and before we
de State ob Idaho."
get the job finished a new lot of arrivals come5 in, and we have
Thus the jokes went. The big audience was kept in a to do it all over again. There is no possibility of saying how
continuous uproar.
far to enlarge or how big to make anything. We don't know
On Monday morning the Idaho contingent was asked to and have to meet conditions.
�The
Western
Comrade
Page nineteen
We know this~-Now that the first big installment of Idaho
people are here, and are as comfortable as possible, it will
not be long before a new force of eager colonists will come
from Arizona-how many I don't know, but the promises are
for many. When they come and are absorbed into the great
growing movement, another crowd will come with money,
stock, implements. etc., from Walter Huggins' territory in and
about Chicago and the Middle West. It would not surprise
us to see a couple of carloads come in from the Mississippi
valley in the early spring. Our weather has been delightful,
Rarely does the thermometer go below freezing point. People
in the east and north contrast this condition with those they
are contending with, and decide in favor of California.
Now is the time for men and women to show the spirit that
counts. As a ma tter of fact, we are pioneering de luxe. We
are together and have social life. We have plenty to eat, and
we have amusements, and we have everything the pioneer
does not have. Round about us are families who have been
pioneering for fifteen years, and they are not through yet and
never will be. They are isolated from neighbors, far away
from markets, and the life is lonely and discouraging. This
condition does not, and never has, obtained in Llano. We
have our social delights, our dances, concerts, minstrels and
other entertainments, and I believe people here who want to
be busy and fully occupied , can reach that state more easily
and quickly here than anywhere else on earth. The days are
no t long enough, or enough of them in the week to permit
of working out the plans we have.
As I said, this is the time to be sports. Pardon the word,
but /it fits. A sport is one who takes things as they are, be
it win or lose. The difference here is that there is no losing.
But it takes spirit to keep in the game. Life in a measure is
the game. So few of us know how to play it. Anyone easily
discouraged and easily disappointed and suffering from in!(rown pride-for heaven's sake, keep away from Llano. Freedom is offered here for all those with purpose and a desire to
be tter their social and economic welfare.
I have seen many students of psychology, that is, character
readers, and most of them were studying books. I've come to
the conclusion that the huma n mind with its myriad slants has
ne ver been touched in the books. It is this phase that makes
life so interesting in Llano. We all think we are liberal and
can fit anywhere. Just take a long breath here. We're like
.Achilles; we have a vulnerable spot It seems that we can find
it quicker here than elsewhere. When the little tender vanity
is touched the whole world is tinged with yellow. When the
hole in our armor is found, just remember this, that never
more than one or two know anything about it, and unless you
rave and wave your arms and cry that you are hurt, the social
circle will continue on as before, troubling itself not with your
troubles.
We are here in a group, almost a thousand now, with a
purpose, and that purpose is to improve ourselves in every way.
It is already done and can be bettered, but the better the man
and woman, the better the result. The world of Llano has
little use for the weakling or the morose or the blind follower
of fad. One can expect but little sympathy if a disposition
is not shown to go half the distance. Meet the other fellow
half way and then some and the troubles here as well as
elsewhere will be solved. It is much finer to give than to
receive. Remember the more you give the happier you
will be. Service is the test. In service one can be lost from
troubles and grow bigger and better.
I suppose when the editor sees this, he will throw his hands
in the air and tear his blond hair, Jor I have violated all
precedents and disobeyed his orders. But his story wasn't
\
in me this month. We have a condition in Llano to be met.
I am anxious to see it met. We are meeting it and will continue to do so. The people ·that come will do more than
their share, and anyhow this story is not written for home
consumption. It's to give you folks on the outside some idea
of what we are and what we need. It also is for the purpose
of telling you that you cannot do better than come here, but
when you come, come prepared to adjust yourself to conditions. Bring your own tents, all the furniture you have and
all the clothing you possess. Just figure if you can, that you
are coming to a desert where you cannot procure a thing for
a long while, and then when you arrive you will find that
conditions are better than ·y ou expected and that a warm and
generous welcome awaits you, and where with Gocl's blessing,
all your hopes can be realized.
Now to sum up how you should prepare to come to Llano.
Give notice as far in advance as you can so we will have
time to prepare. You will be better satisfied if you send
money in advance so that a temporary house can be constructed for you. Write for particulars about this. Bring all
of the warm clothing you can, overcoats, underwear, sweaters,
shirts, dresses, stockings, sockS, etc. Bring shoes, plenty of
them- heavy, stout ones. Things you think are not nice
enough to wear where you have been living are just exactly
what you need here. Better bring what you will never need
than to throw away or give away things which will be useful
here. Bring bedding, lots of it, more than you think you will
use. Bring beds, furniture, EVERYTHING. You will make
everything easier for everybody if you do this. Try to arrange
to have some money to make purchases of small luxuries and
necessities that the commissary may not have when you recqdent you can make yourself
quire them. The more in
of the commissary in the
clo ing the more satisfied
to convey is that you
you will be. The idea I am t ·
should come as fully prepared as you possibly can. While
we expect someday to have woolen and cotton mills and shoe
factories, we want you to come prepared as fully as possible for the time that must intervene. Remember, a membership is not a pension; as a co-operator you must be as selfreliant as possible, making your expense as light as possible
and thus hasten the day when the Colony can be entirely selfsupporting. Last of all, be sure to write as far in advance
as you can so that preparations may be made for you .
INSPECTING THE WORLD'S MYSTERIES. This inquisitive little fellow was caught by the camera man as he put an inquiring nose out
to inspect a visitor .- Photo by Banbury.
~-
�The
Page twenty
Western
Comrad e
How They Hate Publicity
a moving picture camera. We'll get him to shoot the parade."
This was in the days before moving picture cameras were
celebrated. For weeks we had been supplying the
press of the country with stories. Peach Day was so widely used. Moving pictures were common enough, but
___ among the first of the commercial holidays which probably not one person in a thousand in our town had ever
have become a factor in advertising and popularizing products, seen them made, and not one in ten thousand had ever had
and as pioneers we were forcing the public to observe the the proud honor of appearing on the screen, even in a crowd.
day. We urged the world to eat peaches on Peach Day and on We jumped at the idea.
The boss deemed it time to prove that he was the original
every other day in the year. We issued statements, government statistics, and the results of the investigations of certain home of productive. thought. "We can pull the biggest crowd
subsidized "professors" to show that peaches ha..d extraordin- that ever came to town. We'll play it up that the moving picary food value, that they were historical, that they were any- ture companies want to get this stuff for the circuits to run in
the weeklies. Most of these people never saw pictures taken
thing and everything good.
.
Though we had boosted Peach Day all over tile country by and they'll all want to get into it. It'll be good advertising
means of impressive posters, magazine ·articles, and press stor- for our city."
I have noticed that it is the firm conviction of every resident
ies, we had done nothing at home. The city which boasted
of being "the peach center of the Western hemisphere" had of every city that the rest of the world just hungers to see
done nothing to celebrate the day it asked the rest of the world his little town on the film. My own observation has been that
to observe. Interested persons elsewhere were asking em- the average audience hates to see any other town but his own
on the screen.
harassing questions.
·
"I betcha a million people will come to town" said Sam
Our prosperity was founded on peaches. We talked them,
raised them, sold them.
They
displaced
the
weather as the opening
sentence of casual or
time - filling conversation.
This was the condition when Sam Levers
strolled into the office
about three days before
Peach Day. He was
advertising manager for
the Morning Democrat.
His &pecialty was ideas,
which was one of the
reasons he held his responsible position oh the
LLANO CALVES ARE SLEEK AND HEALTHY. They are kept in the corral near the dairy barn until they
leading paper of the
are large enough and sturdy enough to make their way on the range. Then they are put into the range
state. There was no
herd and kept till they come fresh and go into the milk herd.-Photo by Banbury.
birth control of ideas
when he was concerned.
Sam wasted no time. "You know, we oughta celebrate excitedly. He had the habit of using big figures; it grew out
Peach Day right here at home. If the rest of the country of telling advertisers about the circulation of the "Democrat."
knew that we don't even do what we ask them to do, Peach It wasn't the circulation, but the telling of it that brought in
Day would be as popular as Yom Kipper in Hong Kong. We the big figures.
So it was arranged that I should write a story to run under
gotta put something over. It's up to us to make a noise.
Can't you fellows think of something? You'd oughta; you're a three column head, telling the credulous public of Peachtown
advertising it."
.
that a celebration was to be held. Sam promised to see the
It's always easy for the fellow who gets hold of the skeleton mayor and the city council and the Merchants' Association.
of an idea to put it up to someone else to work out, and then and have the holiday proclaimed. This was also deemed
if it succeeds to throw out his chest and take all of the credit. good publicity that a holiday should be proclaimed in honor of
I suppose there are people who suggested to the Wright broth- Peaches. "We'll get 'em all in close-ups and they'll fall for it,"
ers that they should make an aeroplane, and who now take the concluded Sam with the confidence that comes from a percredit of having given the idea to them. But I must say that sonal knowledge of how public officials and officials of Associations yearn for the spotlight.
Sam was usually able to work out his own ideas.
So Sam left to see the city officials and fix up for the
We remained silent. That's the usual way of concealing
a mental vacuum. Sam continued: ''I'll get you all of the holiday. I wrote the story telling that Peach Day was to be
space you need in the paper. You write up the stuff and we'll officially celebrated; that it was to be a holiday; that the first
stir up something. Say, I'll tell you what we want to do," Sam moving pictures ever taken in Peachtown were to show our
warmed up to the subject, "let's get up a Peach Day parade. prosperous and thriving city to a waiting and curious world.
Get out the Fire Department, and the police, and the militia, The story made a good showing when it appeared with a three
and the band, and make a showing. Duval has just bought · column head. It was really the big story of the day.
- - - N just three days more the great Peach Day would be
I
�The
Western
Comrade
Jack London ·
By FRANK E. WOLFE
J
ACK LONDON IS DEAD. The bold, brave,
hearty, wholesome Jack who lived a life story
as wonderful as the stories he wrote is gone. Lovers
of real strong men will miss him. Socialists the
world wide have most cause to mourn his loss.
He understood the workers better than any American writer. Some of his least known writings were
his best. His "People of the Abyss" was the most
vivid picture ever painted of the submerged, teeming
millions of England. Thousands of the obscure who
knew Jack personally will silently grieve. Jack lived
and .loved and laughed through life despite a rather
dismal outlook for the future of the workers. He saw
surcease only after the cataclysm of the Iron Heel.
For this Jack held. In the last note I received .from
him he responded to my goading by a terse reference to the Iron Heel as the inevitable outcome.
"What life means to me" meant much to all of us.
The solution came for Jack as we should wishquickly and without expectation or knowledge of its
earness. His imprint will long remain. Our comade has passed and the world will long turn in the
athe of time before the workers shall have a chamion his equal.
U
The next morning the paper carried interviews with the
mayor, the chief of police, the secretary of the Merchants'
Association, the president of the Chamber of Commerce, and
others, with cuts of such of them as were to be found in the
"morgue" of the "Democrat." The interviews were secured by
telephone. the method pursued being to call up the official
tell him about the holiday, the parade, the moving pictures,
and ask him if he didn't think it would be a splendid thing
for the city. Of course he did, and the next morning he was
quoted to this effect. Some of them were made to say that
it would draw the attention of millions to the city of Peachtown. They all saw the desirability of appearing in the parade,
I didn't have to point that out. The story carried in the headlines the astonishing information that it was to be shown in
five thousant picture theaters throughout the country and that
it would be seen by millions of persons.
On the third day, Peach Day, the paper told of the police
arrangements made to handle the immense crowds, of how the
people from neighboring towns were coming, of final preparations, and reiterated all the glaring assertions made on previous days. The parade was set for ten o'clock promptly;
the pictures were to be taken where they would show the
"Democrat" building, of course.
,
In the meantime Sam had got busy. He had seen Duval
and got the latter's consent. But Duval had just bought the
machine and had never yet turned the crank. He was a novice
at the business, too. Moreover, he had but five hundred feet
of film. This last fact sealed his fate. When I learned that
Good-bye
John Barleycorn
G
OOD-BYE, JOHN BARLEYCORN: You are on
your way. The inexorable law of economic determinism has you skidding. The moral issue failed
utterly to destroy the Demon Rum. King Alcohol
laughed defiantly at the devices and puny efforts
of the few preachers whose hearers nodded approval
and shouted amens, but who straightway went and
voted wet so it wouldn't hurt business. Now it has
been discovered that in dry towns there are more
profits for the small capitalist and the Demon has
instantly lost its staunchest supporters.
With the election ret~rns, the map shows that
one may travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific and
from Canada to the Gulf through territory as dry
as a Death Valley lizard. The four new dry states
Michigan, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Montana
make this possible. Detroit becomes the largest dry
city in America.
Truly, John Barleycorn is on his way, and the
Socialists should rejoice. This demise will clear
thousands of muddled brains and make stronger
fighters ih the cause of the emancipation of the
workers.
we refused to allow him to try out his camera. We feared he
would use up all his film.
Long before ten o'clock the crowd was on hand. Every
owner of an automobile was lined up ready to parade for the
movies. Pedestrians shrewdly figured that if they became a
background they would remain in the picture longer. So far
the celebration was a success.
Sam was exultant. "Nothing of this kind ever happened in
this man's town before." He was right about that.
I was nominated and unanimously elected to handle the
parade. The committee consisted of the boss and Sam and
myself, so I was hopelessly in the minority at all times because the boss and Sam wanted to ride in an automobile
and be of the spotlight brigade themselves. Duval was there
with his picture machine, doubtful as to results, and fearful
as to his reputation, but spurred on because he didn't want
to offend Sam Levers who gave him much work on the "Democrat." He had pleaded for leave to use it in advance and
become accustomed, but we were afraid he might lose courage,
and we would not consent.
When the eventful hour arrived the police were on hand,
resplendent in all their pompous glory. They also thirsted for
film fame. The plan was for them to lead the parade, and
then double back and hold the surging mob in place, while the
automobiles had the right of way. The streets were jammed
with a screen-crazy mob. We had plenty to do to keep the
crowd back.
(Continued on Page 28)
�EDUCATION
Page twenty-two
Children and Livestock
•
The
By M i I d r e d
Western
Comrade
G. B u x t o n
HE livestock of Llano plays an important part in the
Even the wee ones of the Montessori school learn much
of animal life and care by observation. Little Jean, aged
education of the Colony children .
At the junior Colony several hundred chickens three, surprised her teacher one day when riding home past
claim and receive the close attention that successful the cow corral, by pointing out a sick cow and going on to
chicken raismg requires;
more than a hundred turkeys state that she was sick because she had eaten too much alfalfa
strut majestically about quite as though they were not depend- and that the bit was put into her mouth so that she would
eat more slowly and so get well. She was not the daughter
ent on the thoughtfulness of the young people.
Many rabbits owe their good health to the warm hutches of a farmer, either.
In fact, it is the observation developed that constitutes the
· built by the boys, and the fact that meal time is regularly
observed. Several tiny pigs, too weak to be cared for at educational value of the care of these animals. Regularity
the hog ranch are sent to the children for their -tender care, must be adhered to, the laws of nature are inexorable, and it
and Porko, one of the first to come, who used to run across takes but a short time to get this into the head of the smallest
the floor on his little legs like a mechanical to)r, is now a children, and when that lesson is learned, the child is well on
good sized fellow who lives outside in- a pen a·nd helps the the way to learn other important matters.
Four coyotes, one porcupine, one badger, a hawk, several
children take care of the six or more other weaklings.
Several horses, Peanut, Queen, Jack, Lady and Della are road-runners, a crow, two bob cats, a big rattle snake and
cared for and driven by the children whe use them for all some gopher and king snakes, while not exactly coming unthe work around the
children's colony. They
haul alfalfa, lime, rock,
sand, bricks, and wood;
and they plow, and harrow and use them for
the work that horses
are used for. It is an
inspiring sight to see a
young boy who was
considered unmanageable, manage a fine
spirited horse and so
learn to control himself.
When the goats were
first turned ovet to the
children the little kids
had to be fed from
bottles and such a time
as the children had
learning how to hold
and handle them at
feeding time!
It was
quickly learned and
A SNAPSHOT OF HUNDREDS OF RABBITS. The camera caught part of the hundreds of rabbits being
now no animal that
fallened for Llano tables. The insert shows one of the big bucks which head the rabbitry. New Zealands.
lives and eats could
Belgians. and Flemish Giants are in the lot here, the single buck being of the Iauer variety. He won ftrst
prize at the Antelope Valley Fair.- Photo by Banbury.
daunt the boys and girls
of that Colony. It was
funny to see their first
attempts at milking the goats. One boy clasped her firmly der the head of livestock, yet call for the same care and re turn
around the neck, while four others took a leg aptece and the same educational value, have been intersting mmbers
another boy did the milking. The milking was soon figured of the junior Colony this last summer. The bob cats arc
out on a more economical labor basis and now goats' milk is the only ones of the larger animals left. The departure of
the others really speaks more for the sagacity of the anir.1als
one of the staple products there.
One of the young boys was helping at the dairy last winter than of lack of care on the part of the children. The hope
and the assistant superintendent said he would as soon have is, in time, to have specimens of all the animals that are to
that thirteen year old boy for help as any man he had ever be found in this part of the country and there is little doubt
seen. Four a. m. was not too early for the little fellow to but that among all our children some close students of both
be on hand and he felt a real responsibility and took an livestock and wild animals will be found.
Comrades Mr. and Mrs. Pickett are always close at hand
intelligent interest in the work. It was not that he had to
work, nor was it merely the curiosity a new occupation cculd and a few questions at just the right time wi.ll lead the young
excite in the child's mind, for he stayed at the work during students along the path to an intelligent understanding of
the cold and wet when many a man of less sturdy fibre would Nature and her ways, and will stimulate them to search for
first hand information both in books and their daily life.
have asked to be changed to an easier job.
\
�The
w... te r n
Comrade
Page lwen\
THERAJ'EUTICS
The Clothes We Wear
ERBERT SPENCER, in the opening paragraph of his
book called "Education," tells us that, in point of
time, ornamentation precedes utility. Especially is
I this true in the realm of dress. Primitive man did
not clothe himself to protect his body from the ravages of heat
or cold, but as an adornment to attract attention, chiefly from
the opposite sex.
His earliest concepts were to have bright bits of bone and
shell, on his lips, ears, and nose. After these were sufficiently
loaded a str;ng around the neck served as a rack upon which
to hang additional ornaments, and next the hips were engirdled
for the same purpose. Thus our early artificial covering was
for advertising purposes only. The male with the largest
amount of "frumpery". around his body was naturally the
most desired.
The Rev. Spe-ke, quoted by Spencer,. tells us an instance
in point: Having provided his negro servants with sheepskin
coats to protect them from the inclement weather in the nights;
they wore them in the blazing sun on the plains, and, when
they arrived at their destination, laid them in the wagon, and
went about shivering in the rain. The idea of utility in their
dress had not yet found a lodgment in their minds. To these
primitive savages a sheepskin coat was something to "strut" in,
while their naked hides could not be spoiled by water. From
this, and other instances, we could quote from sociological
literature, it is plain that the idea of using clothing for a protection against atmospheric inclemency has been gradually
developed from our primordial desire to enhance our charms
(with some of the present generation this is still too true).
As late as the sixteenth century the male was the bird with
gay feathers. It still survives in military circles. The gold
lace and grotesque trappings of officers are simply a liurvival
of past barbarism, and as of yore these trappings are very
potential in the world of romance. Brass l:iuttons will take,
where honest worth could not touch.
However, with the development of commercialism, and the
segregation of the military and. business professions, dress for
utility has for the most part taken the place of dress for ornamentation.
Modern activities of life in useful fields compel it. With
middle-class femininity, and to a great extent among those of
the better paid working class, who are not class conscious,
but imagine themselves a part of the middle class, clothing is
yet worn chiefly for ornamentation, and exerts a pernicious
influence upon the health and morals of the wearer. For this
lamentable state of affairs, commercialism is largely to blame;
while the capitalistic organization of society, where the woman
has to capture a man for a doughnut tree, supplies the other
factor. The underworld of Paris is hard pressed to capture the eye of men and hold them while their money lasts.
To do this garments are evolved strikingly grotesque, advertising the business of the "demi monde." If these women
succeed in landing their prey successfully, it is whispered upward to the commercial centers of the city, and its machinery
of advertising is set in motion, by means of which latent
bourgeois insanity is stirred up so as to dem'and the new fad.
Commercially this is profitable while its social origin is never
questioned, and is known by but few. Thus, like all good
things, our fashions have a lowly origin. Were it not for
weman's economic position in society, as a direct dependent
upon a man for support, there would be no such phenomena
to deal with. But woman must capture man in order to gain
·I HI
By
~~
-t ree
John Dequer
shelter from economic storms, and in so doing, she resorts
to competitive advertising of her charms, real or supposed.
It is in this fact -that commercialism finds its profit. So much
for the social and economic question of dress.
The ills that result therefrom should by right be das ed
as social economic diseases.
After the "merchant prince" has grown fat upon the profits
made off body-deforming, health-destroying frumperies, the
pelvic and abdominal surgeons get a chance at the victim, and
his fees for treating adhesions, misplacements, tumors, and
other "blessings" that follow in the wake of high heeled
shoes, pays the mortgage on his house, and sends his boy
through college. "Every cloud has its silver lining."
Then there are our corsets; they are never laced tight, they
just keep the body in shape like a Sears, Roebuck fashion
plate. They squeeze the liver against the diaphragm, and the
viscera into the pelvis. They weaken the muscles of the
back, and just slightly interfere with innervation. Of course,
they have nothing to do with neurasthenia, indigestion, constipa~ion, miscarriage, and a thousand other ills. No, not at
all. They just keep the body in shape. Nature made a mis·
take in not fashioning us according to the latest styles. What
does it know about shape, anyhow?
Nature made our bodies to meet the requirements of life;
each organ is placed so as to perform its special function.
It never considered the merchant, the advertiser, nor Anthony
Comstock. It is the habit of the capitalist to use every human
weakness to enhance his wealth and, through that, his power.
Thus the native love of the beautiful that naturally flows in
the veins of man, beast and bird is taken from its normal
channel of adornment, and prostituted, much the same as Billy
Sunday prostitutes emotion.
It is not our purpose to deride or decry the graceful or
artistic. In our present mode of life dress is needed, and to
advocate the ugly, the inharmonious of color and texture is
a psychological crime of the other extreme. Nor is it the
purpose to discourse upon the moral influences of certain
forms of raiment. The healthful and artistic alone are to be
considered. For that which is worn with ease, and affords no
hindrance to the normal functioning of the bodily organs, can
easily be made graceful.
Speaking · of the immorality of nude art and the supposed
crime of indecent exposure, people who wear bizarre bathing
suits, these cannot be compared with the fashionable crime
com'mittep by the malformation of the human body to suit
the triple-he:o1ded monster, commercialism, vanity and public
opinion. It must at all times be our purpose to aid nature
in her normal work for the good of the present and succeeding generations.
Utility should take precedence over ornamentation; the
aesthetic sense should be subordinate to, but not separate
from, the utilitarian.
Brothers!
Then let us pray that come it may,
As come it will for a' that,
That sense an' worth, o'er a' the earth,
May bear the gree, an' a ' that,
For a' that, an' a' that,
It's coming yet, for a ' that,
Th'lt man to man. the warld o'er,
Shall brothers be for a' that.--Robert Burns.
�AGRICULTURE
Page twenty-four
·Poultry as a • Busl. DeSS
- - -oULTRY is a science ~losely related to other sciences.
A person to understand the care of poultry must have
an understanding of other forms of agriculture close- - - ly allied to it, and an understanding of the chemistry
which is connected with all life and death. The study of
foods and conditions which conduce health is also essential.
A person wishing to make a success of any business must not
make that business a side issue, but must devote his time _to
that business. In saying a success, I do not mean that you
can get rich. How many farmers have become rich..from their
farming? Not one! If there has been Alluch money made on the
farm, it has been by speculation, a~d the rise in l;\nd values.
My readers will pardon me for mentioning an eJQ)erience of
my own. At one time, when I was just starting into the poultry business, a neighbor came to me and said "You are doing
the wrong thing." He had tried it, This neighbor lived in
an irrigated district, and his place happened to be in a low
area which was coYered with drainage water, with the exception of about one acre which was very sandy. He had hatched
and raised abol)t two thousand on this piece of land, and when
they started laying, had them housed in the same house in
which they were raised, thus crowding them. He took his eggs
once a week to a neighboring town, and brought back feed.
He stated that his eggs just paid for the feed, that there was
nothing in it but just hard work. What other farm business
would have paid on this place? Do not exaggerate the possibil-
The
Western
Comrad e:
By Oliver Zornes
ities of the poultry business in your own mind, but give it the
same chance that you would other farming.
In the first place, you must do your work because you like
it, not because you expect to get rich. You should study the
success and failure of other poultrymen. Make a study of
conditions of climate, food elements, and provisions to supply
the needs of your poulhy flocks.
In selecting foods you may save money by knowing the
prices of other foods that may take the place of the one you
are using. Use judgment in selecting the breed you wish.
In selecting a breed for egg production only, remember that a
dairyman never selects a large boned cow for a large production of butter fat to a given amount of food. Why keep up
a large framework when a small one serves the purpose'? For
example: at one time, in Llan~ we had about five hundred
leghorn hens in one pen, and about two hundred and fifty of
a larger breed in another. We fed the large hens nearly as
much as all the leghorns, and only received the same ratio of
egg production.
You may have a flock of barred rocks or hens of any other
breed which lay well, or you may have the contrary, but this
does not disprove the above statements; all this depends on
_
the strain, the selection, and the breeding.
All who desire information on the subject of selection should
write to Walter Hogan, at Petaluma, California, for his book
on this subject, "The Call of the Hen."
P
•
Selection In Breeding
Y a process of natural selection nature weeds out the
unfit. Slight variations may decide the fate of a
single individual. If the variation is of use ~o t~e
individual and gives it advantage over otlters Jt Will
survive. Likewise man, by a process of artificial selection in
preserving the variations suitable to his use, has built up a
magnificent type of draft horse. Our shorthorn cattle were
at one time running wild on the grassy meadows of England.
By a process of breeding and selecting we have today a fine
type of cattle, which has few, if any, of the ancestral marks.
Excepting for slight variations like will produce like. This
is true of all life, which includes both the animal and plant
worlds. In breeding live stock this great law of heredity
should be kept constantly in mind. The most rigid selection
of individual breeders should be the rule. Carelessness in
this respect means only disastrous failure.
In looking over his herd, the questions constantly before the
careful breeder are: Which variation should I ·select? What
rule shall I go by? There are many good points in my herd,
which shall I select? If the breeder has no conception of the
ultimate ideal type he wishes, he is as a ship without a rudder.
The first requisite in selection for breeding is then, an ideal
~e.
.
This ideal will depend on circumstances·. For instance,
if bacon is in demand, a bacon type of hog may be m_ore
desirable and profitable than another type.
In Llano we have no market troubles. We consume what we
produce and our idea is to produce for use·, and not for profit,
threfore we are developing a lard and bacon type of hog.
Our hog department is a good example of what systematic
. selection will do in buiiding up a herd. In a little over a
By Wesley
Zornes
year Comrade Will, head of the department has built up a herd
of grade Duroc-]erseys. In comparing the offspring with the
parents the difference in quality and color shows that a careful system of selection has been practiced.
With the introduction of new blood on the male side supplemented by a careful selection of brood sows, we now have a
herd of which we can boast.
In selecting the male, importance was placed upon the breed,
Durocs being chosen because of their ability to reproduce, and
their hardiness. Conformation being necessarily the next co_nsideration, the broad even backs and long sides of our young
stock tell just ·how successful has been the result of one generation of breeding from a pure herd of Duroc Jerseys.
We cannot over-estimate the importance of the select:oa o ~
the male. The prepotent powers being stronger, he must have
desired points well marked. Individual variations are hard to
perpetuate unless in the ancestry of the individual these points
were also predominant. In the selection of either the male or
female, the ancestry must be cons:dered. For instance, in selecting a dairy cow, if in her pedigree her ancestors show a
great capacity, we are tolerably certain that she also has this
quality to a more or less extent.
Pecularities of breed carried out in three or four generations become immutably fixed and transmutable.
Our boar, because his ancestors had the conformation, color,
and reproductive capacity, becomes the determining factor in
building up onr herd of hogs.
The female. although selected. has not the long line of ancestors which had her conformation or even color. As a result
her prepotent powers are much less than those of the male .
\
(Continued on Page 29)
�The
Western
Comrade
ARtS AND MUSIC
Building a Socialist City
Page twenty-five
By A. Constance Austin
a
of the o~tlook from horizon to horizon. Why should we deprive
ourselves of the privilege of the most desirable part of the
house? If you discuss this subject with persons who have not
_ _ . the open air, without sacrificing too much hard-earned given it much thought you will find them loaded with a certain
:nodern comfort. In New York and some other places a number of objections. "The roof will leak." "So-and-so has
serious attempt has been madeto put the schools on the roofs. a flat roof and never uses it." - The answer to the first quesOn account of the very high price of land in large cities, the tion is merely one of intelligent constnlction. There are many
schools are piled up many stories high, the children in the ways of making a perfectly tight flat roof, but it would take
lower stories having insufficient light and air, and in many · too much space to go into that here. As to the second objecplaces no playground except the streets. The problem of the tion, it is true that it is very rare indeed to find a flat roof
children on the streets of large cities is equally acute from the where the questions of accessibility and "habitability" have
point of view of the children, who are subject to the most been properly ~tudied. In one case "I know of, the only access
undesirable physical and moral environment, and of the grown- to a beautiful roof terrace is through a bathroom, up a very
ups, who are subject to constant annoyance and even danger narrow, steep stair. In dozens of other cases the railing
around otherwise desirable roofs is only eighteen inches or two
from the reckless pranks of undirected youthful energy.
On the other hand there are many square miles of roofs feet high, and a person attempting to enjoy the prospect is
over which the precious sunlight is freely poured, and the visible and conspicuous for II)i!es around.
fresh air streams with
life giving vigor, for the
benefit of an occasional
cat or sparrow. A great
mass of laws and conventions and habits has
been built up to separate the child from the
priceless privileges of
the roof, but these are
being overcome, and it
is hoped that before
long it will be a serious
offence for a child to be
found on the streets of
a large city, while playgrounds and schoolrooms bask in the sun
over the heads of the
canyon dwellers of the
business world.
Then comes the problem of sleeping in the
HEAL11-IY Wl--lfffi LEGHORN PUU.ETS and Bronze Turkeys at the Junior Colony hav., given the chilopen air. Even in the
dren a start in li~estock raising that will soon be a •ource of income to the youngsters. They take care of
mild, dry climate of
the poultry and have done much of the building work on the poultry house which is more than 70 feet
California people have
long.- Photo by Banbury.
been slow to learn the
surprising benefit, the
There are certain first principles to be borne in mind in
tonic quality, of the sleeping porch. Habit, of course, is the
great stumbling block, but perhaps a graver one is the fact constructing a "living" roof. The access should be by a wide,
that it is very hard to find a house with a sleeping porch at- easy stair, which should, preferably, start from the livingroom,
tachment. One of the difficulties is that with the small one- and have a landing wi'th a window and window seat within
story houses which are so common the .porch must neces- sight. This tempts the unwary to a little exploring expedition,
sarily be on the ground floor. Many women are nervous about just a few steps; and from the landing one sees the opening
sleeping ~n the ground floor, and besides this, the air near on to the roof, possibly protected by a little glass-conservatory,
the ground level is damper and less pure than it is higher up. and one just has to go on and investigate that. And tbenThe difficulty in this case is the same as in the large cities. why, one is out on top of the house, and is not the view perThe roof is being wasted. The possibilities of usefulness in fectly magnificent? Having arrived, the next thing is to be
an elaborate and expensive feature in the construction of a comfortable on this second story of a one-story house. The
house, are being sacrificed and thrown away. It is evident wall around the roof should be four feet-high, with a bench
that, even in California, the roof must protect from the rain, two feet high running below it. Then when you are sitting
even if there are only half a dozen days in the year when it down, you are not visible from the neighborhood. If possible
is to be expected. But anyone who has performed the gym- have the wall on the side from which the prevailing winds come
nastic feat of climbing on to the comb of a roof must remem- high~r. and with eaves along it. Then you can have beds
(Continued on Pa~e twenly-!lille)
ber the elation of spirit which comes from the sudden sweep
--- ,NE of the questions of the ·day llJ!lOng people of progressive thought, is that of creating conditions under
I' which
modern folk can spend more of their tiine in
. ~·
�Page twenty-six
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
The
Western
Comrai!e
What. Thinkers Think
The Substance of Instructive Articles in November Magazines
ATLANTIC
The Nation' • Crime Againot the lndividaal.-Democratic tendencies have
done more to free the race from the tyranny of its rulers than to free the
individual from exploitation by the race. But man does violence to hio own
conscier:ce if he presses the interests of his race against the interests of the
wider spiritual community in which he lives. The principal cause of modem
warfare is commercial rivalry. Only their economic ambitions seem to call
men ou t to physical combat with their neighbors. The crime of the nation
against the individual is. that it claims a life of eternal significance for ends
that have no eternal value.-Reinhold Niebuhr.
Our Relations with France.-Some of our institutions vie inherited from
England . Some we consciously chose from F ranee. We are in sympathy
with En~lish liberalism but we do not wish to become: involved in an
Anglo Saxon Imperialistic Alliance. Democracy has ne~er survived such
imperialistic adventures. Calling it a League -to Enforce Peace would not
alter the facts. The ideals we bo rrowed from France are the basis of our
well known sympa thy with the French and indeed of our Republican institutions. By allying ourselves with a people whose political institutions
correspond with ours, we could es tablish inclusive not exclusive accords.
and ouch a Franco-American understanding would be of great value to
British Liberals in wo rking lowarJs a federal organization of the whole
wo rld.--Ar th ur Bullard.
Some Fallacies in tlie Modern Educational Scheme.- The old oystem of
teoching accepted as a self-evident truth the value of hard and strenuous
work per se; the new denies this value save as that work is directed towards a definite end and along the line of the pupil"s interest. In particular
Dr. Eliot lays stress on observational studies and a return to natural conditions. But much of the farmer boy"s work was done from a sense of
duty and as a matter of course. The purely practical and materialistic
educa tion so highly extolled fails to develop the higher mental attributes of imagination and philosophic thought. However, personality, not
rules and me thods, is the determining factor in education.-A. E. Stearns.
Neutral Europe and the War.-The enemy to be overcome is not one
group o f the nrt tions now at war, but the militarism. imperialism, and
Jingoism in each of them. And so far this fight has not even got a start.
It is only when no one can really claim to have been victorious- when
nobody can dictate terms . when the end will have been brought about
what could have prevented the dire beginning-a collective conference to
thrash ou t the difficulties and allow everybody fair play and his due--that
the ground will have been cleared for a future which each of the nations
at war professes to fi ght for.- L. Simons.
THE MASSES
Railroads and Revolution .....:.The railroad trainmen did not do any of
the things that revolutionists would like them to do. They did not strike.
They did not turn to the million or more track men, car men, and laborers
working on the roads, who are ineligible at present in the Brotherhoods,
and consolidate them all in an agressive organization. The Brotherhoods
did not want a settlement through legislation. In collective bargaining
their course is direct and known, in the labyrinth of national politics it is
unknown . But rather than involve the country in a strike they accepted
legi•lation . They do not believe in legislative regulation of wages as a
method, but they do believe in their country. If the Supreme Court reverses the decision of Congress-the country sells out the trainmen. When
that happens we may- ! do not say we will- have to face the wrath of
good men. I hope they will reward us for its postponement-Helen Marot.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
Okuma and the New Era in Japan.-The resignation of Okuma, the last
of the "Elder Statesmen," marks the end of an era. The Tolstoi of Japan,
,, man ,,·i th an international mind, the key to his career is found in his
l;u th in c<l •roti,· n. When military strength was advocated as the nation's
''' h ><•h ,t>t>n. he urged the elevation of women as the nation's safe~'""j
i\n. ien t Japan gave women a high place in the State; it was
Confuct a~ •wt ·ns which lowered her status in Japan.
His actions and
sympathies show that he strives to follow the "Samurai of the ages,"
Christ, but perhaps he wails to see the savagery of civilization eliminated
from Christianity before he comes out openly for it. In ethical and personal purity and in ferreting out the abundant Japanese scoundrelism
in high places, none hao excelled this believer in clean poverty.-Williarn
E. Griffis.
The Morality of F orce. -Captain Andrillon, in a recent much read book,
discusses the German belief in a Teutonic superman, and decides that the
pittin11 of conceptions of law, justice and humanity againot the doctrine of
force, have only served to imperil the civilization they exp,..,u. The
just man is of all men the most defenseless, for he will not commit
injustice even to save himself. Plato·, reply to the Sophists applies in
our day as it did in Ancient Greece. "The consensus of mankind not
only applauds justice but makes it powerful." The allies might use it
against Germany: "The law of life is the law of battle; let the 6t survive." And this is Socrates' last point: "There is an eternity in righteousness which makes it stro"nger than any power of a day, and to go to
the world below having one's soul full of injustice is the last and worst
of evils." The heroes of he world are not the Caesars and Napoleons;
they are men who, like Socrates, feared the laws of etel1)ity more than
the laws of life, and so preferred to live well rather than to live long.
Belgium lies wounded, panting, but fighting on, and all nations bend over
her with their love and veneration.- Hartley B. Alexander.
THE INDEPENDENT
Socialism vs. Militarism.-The most urgent danger of the present day
is the tendency of the American capitalist class towards militarism. The
Wilson military appropriations are greater than any other nation ever
made in time of peace. The military laws sprung on the people of
New York State are an even more striking danger signal. We Socialists
believe that militarism is as dangerous in the U. S. as anywhere else, and
that these military appropriations are not made for defense in any true
sense of the word. We are building more merchant ships than any other
nation to hold the trade we have won as a result of the war, and we need
this navy to hold the foreign markets in which goods can be sold for a
private profit, which American workers cannot buy because of the diffe rence between their wages and the value of their product. - We know that
prosperity from this foreign trade, while it means hund reds of millions
for the capitalist class, means only more work for the workers for wages
that, however "high," are only as high as the cost of living. What the
nation needs is not forei gn trade, but such economic arrangements as
shall enable productive workers to consume the full value of their own
products. Socialists, this year as always, advoca te public ownership and
democratic managemen t of the nat ion's great industries--combined with
another innovation- public ownership of the government .
- Allan L. Benson.
PEARSON'S
Uucle Sam's False Teetb.-En gland calculated several years ago that
no German invasion of more than eighty thousand men was to be feared,
and that even this number would be brought over so slowly as to give her
ample warning. How very much grea ter would be the difficulty of landin g
on our shores by either Germany or Japan? Our army is worse than
waste. It will be used as an instrument of capitalism or not at all.
There is an army of over ten millions of wage earners existing below the
minimum level of living. The 661 millions about to be spent on armaments would lift these families to a standard of health and efficiency. Editorial.
New York Night ' Court for Women.-A dozen visits to the Night court
leaves a nightmare vision of the lazy selfishness of our profession of.._
Christianity. There is not love enough in the community to redeem
those erring brothers and sisters. It is simpler to punish them in our
self-righteousness and so have done with them and put them out of mind.
When confronted with some of the awful wrecks of the night court, the
only possible reflection is: "What were we doing that we let her fall
so low."-Editorial.
Uucle Sam as a Slavedriver.-Civil service positions are very poorly
paid. The work is steady-but so is work in most jobs-too much so.
Promotion is very slow and many of the employee& work after hours
at some other occupation to make both ends meet. They have a month's
vacation and many of them work during that period to be able to live
decently. Workers for Uncle Sam cannot improve their conditions by
striking. Thanks to the introduction of machinery and efficiency syotems
labor produces more wealth at less outlay for wages, but a process of
industrial slavery is going on which, if allowed to continue, opello the
final subjection of the workers of the country to those who own and
do not work.-William Leavitt Stoddard.
WORLD'S WORK
What Kills the Babies?-There are two and a half million babies born
in the United States every year of whom 300,000 die the fint year. High
scientific authorities declare that, under proper surroundings, the death
rate of babies would be practically negligible. The idea that the toughened
offspring of the poor developes qualities that make for better success re-
�Th e
W es tern
Com r ade
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
ceives a hard knock from investigation. In city wards where hygiene
is a t a discount 'the infant death rate reaches 27 per cent. In the wards
where the highest standards prevail it drops to S P.,r cent.--Edito rial.
A New Period In Air Service.-One reason for the slowness of the
evolution of the airplanes has been the excessive multiplication of types
and systems of control. It is the standardization of the army airplane
m Europe which have brought the amazing results of which we hear. An
eminent aeronautic engineer expects soon to see aviation so fool-proof
'' that it will be safer to fly than to run an automobile in the streets of
a ctty.
Such things as stabilizers, landing devices, automatic parachutes,
fo r aviato rs, and automatic pilo ts which will keep an airplane going in
a given direction despite wind currents and pockets, without the aviator
touching the steering appa ra tus, are either accomplished o r within the
realms of immediate possibility.- F rank C. Page.
EVERYBODY'S
A Free Theater Refreshingly Human.- The Washington Squa re player•
are making a diverting and •xorth while attempt to uplift the American
Jrama. Edward Goodwin supported by some generous and enthusiastic
voun~ ar tists rented a small thea ter and went through a season with
unio n wages fixed a t nil.
P rops., post card publicity a nd p rograms we re
the only items added to the rent. On such sane founda tions has been
built up a really spontaneo us and unspoiled success. They specialize in
one act plays.
LITERARY DIGEST
To Save Waste Energy. -There is an eno rmous amount of energy wasted
?. nd unnecessa ry wea r o n wheels, ti rcs, and roads in braking wagons, ·
i\ ulos o r trains in going down hill. The energy wasted is equal to the
a mo unt necessary to raise its weight through the d istance dropped, less
the axle anrl rolling friction.
The Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul rail ·
Page twenty-seven
REVIEWS OF REVIEWS
A Revolutionary Musical Genius.- No revolution in musical art-perhaps
in the whole history .of arts in peneral-;-is more striking Jha~ that
effected by Alexander Sriabin, the greatest musical genius of Russia today.
When a composer feels himself forced to abolish the major and minor
keys, thereby renouncing modulation (though retaining tonality surely
enough), and when he builds up all hi• harmony on a completely novel
system, it is seen at once that a book is needed to do justice to. this com:
poser's creations. He has founded a new chord which his disciples have
stupidly christened a "mystery chord." He simply selects the sounds he
prefers from nature's harmonic chord and builds them up by fourths.
Scriabin adopts the system whol~eartedly and all that it involves, the
abolition of major and minor modes ; the dispensing with key signatures ;
the complete acceptance of equal temperament in tuning. He is a king
in the world of absolute music, music- a thing of the spirit- which "takes
us to the edge of the Infinite."
Arabs versus Turks.- The 'y oung Arabs are trying to free themselves
from the Turks who are trying to Ottomanize them on German lines.
The Turks have never controlled the interior of Arabia. They have
plundered and abused the Arabs whenever an opportunity occurred and
a re now engaged in murdering any leaders of the Young Arab move·
ment they can capture. France has done a great wo rk in developin~
and educating Syria and Syrian Arabs are showing their gratitude by
enli•ting in the French army. Great Britian has made friends with
and protected the Arabs in several emergencies and would like to have
a sphere of influence there to protect her route to India. The lndepend·
ent Arab State would include all the territory bounded by the Red Sea,
the Mediterranean, the Tigris, and Euphrates, and the Persian Gulf. She
will have time to establish her new rela tions while Turkey is settling her
war problem. -I.aac Don Levine.
road uses this energy to generate powe r. applyi ng the p rinciple tha t ti
mo tor reversed becomes a generato r. This changing of the mo tor will
tra nsform it at once into a dyna mo. which will be operated by the weight
of the tra in as it descends the mo untains, genera ting the same quantity of
electricity as the moto r \muld con, ume in pulling the same load up hill.
This current ;,.;II be fed into the trolley wire above, to be added to its
s tore of energy .
The Future of War Books.-Wbich of the intolerable mass of war
books will survive? Not the "hymn of ha te" or the w ritings of men wh~
in vent a race mythology to jus tify the clash of empries. Not books based
on the barbaric delusion of omnipo tc11ce, no r the Aabby utterances of
the sedenta ry optimis t. But the wo rld will remember silent, steady, in ·
J omitahle F ranee. and the common heroism of the common people of all
the na tions, struggling fo r the right as they saw it. But especially it
will remember the men who stood out against the herd. Those few
men in each na tion who spoke for Europe. who h ad enough Iron in their
souls to withstand hatred and illusion.
that peace will bring a revolution.
There is no surer prophecy than
POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY
Is Jupiter launching a Moon ?-All the planets toge ther do no t weigh
o ne half as much as jupiter. Only the sun surpasses jupiter in size. He
is a grea t globe of gaseous and molten matter and there is some reason
to believe tha t he possesses inherent light of his own. The belts on
jupi ter are p robably rifts in his dense cloudy envelope, exposing the more
' ohd portion of the planet below. In 1878 a great red spot appea red
which fl oa ts freely in this envelope. It moves round with the planets
axial ro tation as did our moon in its ea rly stages of evolution, all the
while just grazing the surface. Our moon th rough the ages gradually in·
c reased its distance and is still increasing it. The inference denotes a
j ovian moon in emb ryo.
CENTURY
What is National Spirit ?-Man is invincibly social in his make-up and
his craving for gro up gra tifications and loyaltieo is commonly quite un·
critical. Loyalty to one's group seems to be fixed in the nervous tissue,
like self-preservation itself. Men who would no t contribute eight cents
to the public weal, d rop their commercial pro•pects and !lO toss in their
lives like a song at the bidding of an alien abstraction called the
State. These r olitical stales are not founded on common ancestry,, com·
mon language or even natural frontiers.
The instinct of the savage to
stand by ·his tribe, which is really a family relationship instinct is de·
veloped by training and envi ronment to cover any sort of political
agglomeration. Now that the world is being bound to,gether by steamships,
ra:lroads, and telegraphs society is confronted by the duty of finding
means to sublimate this ancient instinc t into a general realization of the
co-operative nature of civilization, and the essential oneness of the humaft
race. To the modern historical student familiar with man's long past
and aware of the possibilities of the future, na tional arrogance appears
well nigh as farcial as the pomposity of an individual man.- James
Harvey Robinson.
WESTERN COMRADE ................SOc
LLANO COLONIST ......................SOc
STATUETIE OF HENRY DUBB SOc
TOTAL VALUE..........................$1.50
ALL
FOR
$1.00
HENRY DUBS is the creation of the Llano Art Studio. It
is cast in plaster and is the typical figure popularized by R, n
Walker, the Socialist cartoonist.
Mrs. Mary Fox, the sculptress at Llano, has conceived the
idea of showing Henry with his usual doleful expreuion and
also with the LLANO SMILE. The back of the head of Henry
Dubb has been made into a face. The statuette stands about
four inches high and is useful as match holder or tooth pick
holder, or ash tray for a smoking set.
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
�The
Page twenty-eight
The. Western Comrade
Entered a1 1econd-cla11 matler November 4th, 1916, at til post oflice
al Uano, California, under Act of March 3, 1879.
~7
PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT LLANO, CALIFORNIA
Subscription Price Fifty Cenb a Year
Canadian Rate 7Sc a Year
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE
.
.
•
.
.
Managing Editor.
Editor.
Contributinr Editors
ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
MILDRED G. BUXTON
CLINTON BANCROFT
ERNEST S. WOOSTER . . .
.
A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
DR. JOHN DEQUER
WESLEY ZORNES
. . . . . Business Manager
In making change of address always give your former one so thai the
mailing department may be certain ~h:_~ht_ name is being _Changed.
Vol. IV
December, 1916.
No. 8
of the hillsides occasionally. The cost of their maintenance
is very low. The kids are valued at $25 each, and the herd
is being increased as rapidly as possible.
Many people have a prejudice against goat meat, but those
who know say it is not greatly different from mutton, they
say it is difficult to distinguish any difference. Since January
goat meat to the value of $16.00 has been turned into the
commissary.
The ideal of the goat raisers is to have a herd that will
supply enough milk so that goats' milk cheese may be manufactured and sold. The same conditions which were found to
be so favorable for other live stock, are quite as favorable to
the goats, and keep the herd healthy.
There are great possibilities for handling wool goats to good
advantage and it is expected that in time a herd of Angoras
will be secured. Negotiations have been under way for some
time to that end.
The Colony is also communicating with various owners of
sheep, with the expectation of securing a flock of them for
Llano. A woolen mill is expected to be numbered among our
industries within a very short time; in order to secure the
greatest profit from it the raw materials must be produced
here, and it is the intention of the Llano del Rio Colony to
supply its industries with the raw materials as far as this is
possible. It is a matter of time only till sheep will be numbered among Llano livestock.
Western
Comrade
equipment for his department. Troughs and tanks are being
constructed and within a few years thousands of trout will be
there.
Two methods of marketing are apparent. The first is to sell
in the Los Angeles markets where prices are excellent. The
other is to sell the uncaught fish. Sportsmen anglers who are
enthusiasts will willingly pay good prices per pound for the
fish they catch when the privilege is given to cast their flies
where success is virtually assured and good sport certain.
The value of a fish hatchery in the mountains south of Llano
is apparent to all who know anything of fish propagation, and
the time is not far distant when thousands of fingerlings will
dart about in the waters of Llano Springs. Comrade Eddy is
an experienced hatchery man and is ambitious of developing an industry which will be unique in Southern California
and at the same time highly profitable.
An attempt was made to establish the fish industry at the
springs sometime ago, but for lack of experienced persons to
care for the fish the undertaking languished and died. Now
that a comrade who knows has joined the Colony and is giving
his attention and energy to the work it is certain that the time
is drawing near when this department will be listed among
those returning dividends to the Colony.
How They Hate Publicity Continued from Page ~·
After the police had marched past with conscious pride,
the mayor, city council, fire chief, officials of civic bodies,
lesser officials and private automobiles followed. We had set
the camera so it caught them as they came toward it, and on
about a level w~m.
It is possible that there is a rule it taking moving pictures
that was not violated, but I do not know what rule it could
be. Every person in the entire parade gazed unfalteringly
into the camera. The drivers took desperate chances in order
to achieve this, but they all managed it. Most of them wore
the self-conscious smile of the posed person. Not a few
gestured. They tried to make themselves as conspicuous as
possible.
At first it was difficult to get the parade to move on, once
it was past the range of the camera. Every driver wanted to
stop and look back. But I soon noticed that the cars al speeded up and it was not until my duties took me to the rear of the
parade where it was still forming that I learned why. Every
one of the automobiles was hurrying across a side street and
back into the parade again!
After things were straightened out and running well, I hopped on to one of the cars and rode into the range of the
camera. DuVal was standing there looking foolish. "What's
the matter, Clyde?" I asked. "Outa film," was his dejected
response. The 500 feet hadn't lasted long. He stood with his
N the mountains due south of the Colony, well up hands at his sides, wondering what to do. The crowd hadn't
where the last storms of the springtime leave their noticed it yet. "Well, keep your hand going 'round anyway;
drifts of snow and where the first white flecks of the they won't know the difference. Give them a run for their
' ' ~·N"ls cover the slopes of the Sierra Madres, money," I told him. He did.
I stood by the camera a while and watched. Ignorant that
11re a -\f'Tle' of ever flowing springs.
The location is ideal for the propagation of trout. Com- the film was not running, the paraders continued to pose. It
rades F. W. and Mrs. Eddy expect to establish here an industry was excruciatingly funny to see the forced smiles, and the arwhich will be highly profitable. More than that, it will be a tificial manners. One police judge, Benjamin Franklin Brown,
pleasure resort for colonists.
stood up bowing majestically to right and left, his white mane
Though the Big Rock has trout in it, ~et it is not big enough flowing in the breeze in a manner truly patriarchial. He didn't
unless the fishing be guarded. Llano Springs can be dredged know that the camera was not registering. this. Proud citizens
and enlarged and transformed into an ideal place for produc- looked into the eye of the camera, racing the engines of their
ing trout as a commercial venture.
cars, and posed desperately in every way they thought would
In his spare time Comrade Eddy has been building the make them more conspicuous. They wanted to impress the mil-
[!J
Fish Promise Profit
/
(
..._)
�The
Western
Pqe lwmty-lliae
Comrade
lions of people in 5000 theatres everywhere. And all the time
the film was not running; only DuVal's hand turned the
crank continuously on the empty magazine.
I went back and tried to disband the parade, but it took
a long while. The spot-light fever burned strong within them
and they wanted to be seen by "one million people in 5000
theaters."
That night the film was rushed to the . developing station
and in about a week it came in. We had given a great deal
of publicity to the fact that the Peach Day Parade was to be
exhibited in a local theater first. We had the theaters bidding
against each other for it.
When it was shown on the screen we got our first real lesson
in moving picture photography. When we set the camera, we
had put it just across the street car tracks. Then we permitted
every driver to race his engine. They all did it to attract attention. The sun shone brightly on every windshield and reflected from the brass work and nickel work. The focus was
not right and the cars drove directly toward the camera.
The result was that every car came into view with bright,
vibrating reflections puncturing the fog of smoke. They almost immediately hit the street car tracks and bounced up and
down as they grew larger and larger till they finally bounced
out of sight with a dizzying, dissolving effect. It was impossible to recognize anyone and the whole parade became a blur
lost in a smokey mist.
One million people in 5000 theaters never saw the first
movie ever staged in Peachtown and never will, but everyone
had a good time, and the mere incident that the picture was
not usable did not mar our satisfaction in having "put it
across." And we learned how they hate publicity.
Building a Socialist City c~~~~ ~~~·· ~- 2~
arranged.to upend against this wall when not in use, and partially protected by the eaves. If you intend to use the roof
to sleep on, by all means have a dressingroom and bathroom
up there. No one likes to run around the house "en deshabille," looking for a place to dress.
In Llano we will have two such sleeping roofs on each house
so arranged as to provide four recesses which are practically
separate sleeping porches, making it possible for eight people
to sleep out of doors with a certain amount of seclusion, and
with two bath rooms to dress in. The natural Jail of the land
on the site of the permanent city will give each of these roofs
a clear sweep over the wonderful and mysterious distances of
the plain below. It will be worth a little climb, either by day
or night. As there is no fog, and very, very little cloudy
W<!ather. you can count on either moonlight or the full panorama of the stellar universe, about three hundred and sixty
nights in the year.
·
The desirability of the flat roof is gradually overcoming the
inertia of custom, and in the last year or two it has acquired
quite a vogue in some sections. The Queen Anne period is
probably forgotten by most people of this generation, yet not
so long ago it ruled the American home with a rod of gimcracks. The bungalow, which at present is in the saddle, has
come to us from India, where its wide spreading, steep-pitched
roof has evolved from the necessity of dealing with the tremendous and continuous torrential rains of the monsoon. It
is peculiarly ill-adapted to the California climate, though it is
not unsuitable to country homes in the east. - Now that a start
has been made in discovering the neglected possibilities of the
top side of the house, the probabilities are that the bungalow
will soon be as completely eliminated as the Queen Anne cottage, and a Ion~ stride will have been taken towards living
under more healthful and cheerful conditions.
Our Mail Bag
Find enclosed P. 0. for $1.25. ·Send the COMRADE to
R. J. ~. Ancon, C. Z., Rep. of Panama. The other
75c you can apply on my subscription for the COMRADE and
the lLANO COLONIST. Hoping everything is moving along
well, and everybody happy, I remain,
Yours for success W. E. D--, Balboa, CZ.
...,...-o--
. . We certainly need just such a · weekly paper as this
(The COLONIST) • It gives news from the Colony that the
COMRADE could never publish. I liked its spicY, ma:ke-up all
through, and it ·is full of the very news that I wanted to hear.
I am sure all interested in this grand enterprise will appreciate
its weekly visits. With every wish for succ~ss and growth, I
A. M. C--.
remain, Yours fraternally,
-oPiease find $1.00 to pay for the WESTERN COMRADE
and Pearson's for one year. Am much interested in the
success of the Llano Colony. Have been a Socialist for about
twenty years, and believe that more direct and constructive
work is necessary to the realization of the Co-operative Commonwealth. With best wishes I am,
Yours for the Revolution, C. S. E--, Arizona.
----o1 received your letter and the "Gateway to Freedom."
have read and studied them with much interest and passed
them on to others. The work that you have undertaken is
GREAT, and I think that all the Socialists in the country
should take interest in it. I think your _"Gateway" should be
sent to every Socialist local, and every comrade should buy
shares or at least subscribe to the COMRADE and COLONIST.
If your Co-operative Colony is successful, we shall start similar
Coloni66 all , over the world. I am enclosing $1.00. Please
send the COLONIST.
M. J. B--. Chicago.
--<>--
Enclosed please find money order for which put me on the
mailing list of the LLANO COLONIST and Pearson's Magazine
I read every piece in the WESTERN COMRADE with deep
interest. It inspires me with more hope than did the Bible
inspire my grandfather, and I know he loved it. I certainly
agree with you that more converts can be made by demonstrating the benefits of co-operation than in any other way.
I have hustled a few subs for other Socialist papers-and will
hustle more--have found too many Henry Dubbs who cannot
catch the spirit by theories.
A. 0 - , Minnesota.
Selection in Breeding
Continued from Page ••
The ancients selected their livestock according to a whim
or centered 'their attention upon some individual which pleased
their fa-ncy. They were ignorant of the laws of heredity. :T he
artificial selection practised was unconscious.
Some breeders still cling to the policy of breeding for fancy. Until recently poultry breeding was almost entir:!ly a
matter for the fancier.
Llano has no use for a beautiful Leghorn hen if she doesn't
lay. Likewise, some of our unproductive co\vs have served
to replenish ·our larder.
In selecting breeders, the fiTSt requisite is in knowing what
is wanted.
The selection of the male is important, as a greater number
of the offspring will have his characteristics. Utility ia the
watchword in Llano. The unproductive man or beast hu
no place in our world.
�-
Installment Members:
·Comrade and ColoniSt Clubs
-The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is in the market
for ftgs, prunes, peaches, raisins, etc.
I'
You can a~sist in putting us in touch with those
who have them.
•
(jf The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is at present
in need of
10 Tons of Alfalfa Seed
A Carload of Wheat
Dairy Cows and Range Stock
Angora and Milk Goats
Tanning Outfit
Many Other Things.
(j[ We are now in a position to make. immediate
use of many articles and machines which have
~
not been practicable for us heretofore.
(jf You are invited to correspon9 in regard to
the needs listed above.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. LLANO CAL.
LLANO COLONIST................................................SOc
WESTERN COMRADE..........................................SOc
BOTH FOR ................................................. 75c
Socialist Christmas Present
f) Send your Friends the WESTERN COMRADE
and the LLANO COLONIST.
(jf The WESTERN COMRADE is SOc a Year, 2Sc
for Six Months.
(jf The LLANO COLONIST is SOc a Year. 2Sc
for Six Months, IOc for Two Months.
(jf BOTH of them for One Year for 7Sc to one
name and address.
(jf Make your checks or money orders payable to
Llano del Rio Pub. Dept., and address Llano, Cal.
C] COMRADE or COLONIST with your choice of
The National Rip Saw or the American Socialist, 75c
C] Pearson's Magazine with the COMRADE OR
COLONIST, $1.75; Ali Three for $2.00.
C] LLANO COLONIST or WESTERN COMRADE
for One Year, with One Year's Subscription to theRegular Our
.
Price Price
Appeal to Reason $1.50 $1.25
Milwaukee Leader 4.50....4.25
Masses
2.00 1.75
To Days
1.00
.75
Inter. Soc. Review 1.50 1.25
Regular Our
Price P rice ·
N. Y. Call ( daily) 3.50 3.25
N. Y. Call ( Sun.) 2.50 2.25
Call,daily and Sunday with
Comrade and Colonist
........................ 6 .00 5.25
fJl Add 2Sc to any of the above clubs for BOTH
the COMRADE AND the COLONIST.
CJI Add 3Sc to any combination less than $1.00, or
2Sc to any of $ 1 or over, and receive a SOc StatueHe
of HENRY DUBB with his " Llano Smile."
NOTE: These rate; subject to change at any tin.e without
no tice.
Photo--Post-cards of Llano
The Industries, Views, Scenery, Activities, taken
from actual photographs.
5 cents each; 55 cents a dozen
SOUVENIR CLUB, LLANO, CAL.
· New Rugs from Old Carpets
(jf Don't throw your old carpets away- they are
still good. Have new rugs made from them, beautiful and durable rugs. Old Chenille Curtains and
t;: ~, l~ covers can also be used in
Llano Rewoven Rugs
t.Ji Old Ingrain, Brussels, Moquette and Velvet
rugs or carpets can be re-woven into rugs suitable
· foi any home.
·(jf Rag Carpets, Rugs, and Art Squares also
· woven, every size and style.. Ask about beautiful
.
. LLANO POSTER RUGS
(jf Write for prices.
..We pay freight one way on or!lers .amounting to- $1!.00.
Ship Direct to the Rug Department
U ANO DEL RIO COMPANY, PALMDALE,. CAL.
C LASSIFIED
ADS
Space .in this column: Twenty jive cents a line, payable in advance.
Subscription Post Cards
For the WESTERN COMRADE and the LLANO
COLONIST. (jf Cards of two styles. Those selling at SOc e ~ch are for either the WESTERN
COMRADE or the LLANO COLONIST.
CJ1 Those selling at 7Sc each are special Combination cards for both publications.
I]! SPECIAL RATES: Six SOc Cards for $2.50;
Six 75c Carda for $3.75; Three SOc Cards and
Three 75c Cards for $3.25. CJl This offer is good
only for a limited time.
WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
Do You Like To Draw?
TANNER WANTED.- TANNER WHO HAS HAD EXPERIENCE AND
cari give ·suitable references as to ability.
Communicate with the LlaDo del Rio Colony, ·Llano, Cal.
CARTOONISTS earn big money. Our modern up-to-date home •tudy
method can teach you this well paying profession at a low cost. Send 4c
for illustrated booklet and sample lesson plate.
FOR SALE. -BREEDING RABBITS. BELGIANS. NEW ZEALANDS. AND
Flemish· Gian1s.. We can supply all ages up to eight months. For further
info rmation address Rabbit Department, Llano del Rio Colony. Llano, Cal.
LOS .. ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING
·· 41x Thorpe Building, Los·Angeles, Cal.
�Have You Entered Your Name .
IN THE GRAND MEMBERSHIP CIRCULATION CONTEST FOR THE
Free Membership
The Membership will enable the fortunate winner to become a resident of the Llano del Rio
Co-operative Community immediately after the contest is decided.
$2000 In Premiums to be Awarded
Every Contestant Who Sends In TEN Subscriptions Receives a Premium
FIRST PRIZE
$1,000 Membership in the Llano del Rio Colony
fJ
Don't wait! Sign up at once! Get full particulars on the Grand Membership Circulation
Contest. Only those who indicate that they
wish to enter · the contest will have their subscriptions counted for prizes.
fJ
All who do not win major premiums will be
given valuable considerations that will make
their time well spent. Even though you may
not send in enough to win any of the prizes,
your efforts will be rewarded.
SECOND PRIZE
$500 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
THIRD PRIZE
$200 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
FOURTH PRIZE
$100 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
NEXT FOUR PRIZES
$50 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
Totalling $2,080 In All.
CJI Those not winning major premiums, yet who
send in more than TEN subscriptions will be
awarded valuable prizes. These will range
from statuettes of Henry Dubb to more valuable
ones, depending on the number of subscriptions
turned in.
Contest Depends on Having 100 Entrants By January 1st
You May Enter At Any Time, But The Sooner You Commence The Greater Your Opportunity
.................................................... (Cut Out and Mail to Us At Once) ......................................................
WESTERN COMRADE AND U.ANO COLONIST:
!
I enroll as a contestant in your GRAND MEMBERSHIP CIRCULATION CONTEST which is to !
be held provided 99 others enter. Please send me full information.
!
Name .................................................................................... ..
.I
City..................................................
State................................................ Street or R. F. D................................................................ .
or P. 0. Box ............................................................
. ... ........................ . .... .............. ..... . ... .. ..... . ........... .... ........ ........... . ..........._.)
REDUCE
'\VEIGH'l~!
Send For This Successful Treatment
"Obesity---Its Cause and Correction"
f1l One user of this treatment reduced from 150
·pounds to 117 po~nds and found improved health.
Many others have used it with satisfactory results.
NO MEDICINES OR DRUGS USED
Complete $5.00 Course Now Oruy $3.00
because there is no rent to pay at Llano. For full
iu£ormation write-to Mrs. C-. M.--Williams; Lia®; Cal
l
.)
:
/
i '"'
l..--/
Mai~
Home A 2003
A. J. STEVENS
DENTIST
306 South Broadway, Los Angeles, Cal.
Room 514
l,
---------------------------------J
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN
&
LEVIN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Buildina
Los Anaeles, Cal.
1
I
...~. . .
:I . .
�Trees Like T'hese-
Lumber Camp Where Logs Are Prepared For The Sawmill at Llano
Are now being made into lumber
(]! The Llano Sawmill earns from $100 to $1000 every day it runs-another wealth
producer for LLANO.
(]! Through the development that will be made possible on account of the sawmill
a nd the hundreds of persons who will become residents of the Colony as a result,
the sawmill will add
$}
oo,000 Ill• va}U e
to the assets of the Colony
within the next twelve months
(]! Other industries are being established-Watch the development of the Llano del
Rio Co-operative Colony from week to week and month to month in the Colony publications-the WESTERN COMRADE and the LLANO COLONIST.
(]! There are good prospects for a woolen mill, for a shoe factory, and for the
beginning of permanent building within the near future. Subscribe for the Colony
publications. join this big, vital, constructive movement NOW, and do Y'"'"
t
to bring about the BIG CHANGE you have worked for, talked for, voted for, a-:tVov t .. d.
Take out an installment membership at once.
Send for Full Information and Application Blank.
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
ll.ANO, CALIFORNIA
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-12
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-12
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n08_191612
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2018-07-31
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n08
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
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Text
November
1 9 1 6
a
Copy
~~w umber
Number
- : - - - - - - - - - - - R E A D IN THIS ISSUE-·-
- -- - -- -
Llano's Lumber Industry Building a Socialist City
By ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
By A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
Job Harriman's Editorials Women and
NEW THOUGHTS ON TIMELY TOPICS
By EMMA
J.
Politic~
WOLFE
...
·.·
.··,
�The Gateway To Freedom
Through
Co~operative
T
HE' Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony is situated in
the beautiful Antelope Valley in Los Angeles County. California. The Colony lies close to. the Sierra
Madre range where an abundance of clear, sparkling
water from mountain springs is sufficient to ungate
thousands of fertile a~res. The climate "is mild and delightful. the soil is fertile, and markets are not far
distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony ·is a horticultural, agricultural. and stock-raising enterprise, with such manuf<lcturing as will supply the needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the Colony has grown
sufficiently. Nearly 800 already live in Llano, and thou..
sands plan to come. Excellent schools, among them the
Montessori taking charge of children 2Yz years to 6
years of age, a delightful social life, and freedom from
economic worries, make the Colony attractive.
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM
T
liE electric light bill,. the wa ter bill. the doctor's bill, the d r u~
bill , the telephone b1ll, the gas b1ll, the coal b1ll, the denhst s
!, ill, the sfhool book supplies bill. the sewer assessmen t bill,
. and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
{Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual hard luck),
the hundred and one greate r and smaller burdens on the house·
holder, and the lea n weeks caused by disemployment and the con ·
sequent fear of the future. Thcr< is no landlord a nd no rent is
charged.
While they are charged " ·ith living expenses. fo r food anJ cloth ing, the colonists never fea r meetin g the g rocery bill, the milk .
the clothing bill, the laund ry bill, the butcher's bill, and o the r
inevi table and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling worke rs
in the outside world. For the ta x bill he has no fear. The colony
officials allend to the details of a ll overhead. To colonists the
amusemen ts, spo rts, pastimes , dances. e nter ta inments a nd all C"d ucational facilities arc frcC'. _
COMMUNiTY MANAGEMENT
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a rema rkable lonn
of management that is the rc•ult of evolution. The management of the affairs of the colony industries a rc in the hands
of the various department managers. There a re about twenty-five
of these departments and in each department there a rc divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these are selected
for their experience and fi tne., for the position. At the managers
meetings as many persons as can crowd in the room a re always
present. These meetings a re held every night and they are uniqu<·
in that no motions are ever made, no resolutions adopted a nd no
minutes are kept. The last action on any maller supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these nightly
meetings the work for the next day is planned, le~rns a rc allo tted.
workers are shifted to the point whete the needs a re g rf"a iC's l.
and machinery is put on designa led work, lransporla lion is ar·
ranged, wants are made known and filled as nearly as possible.
The board of directors, members of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has cha rge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise. These di rcc lo:·s a rC"
on the same basis as all their comrades in the colony. At the
ueneral assembly all persons over eighteen years o f a~c. rC'~iding
in rhe colony. have a voice and vote.
M
Action
CO STITUTION AND BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to
gel this information, they must secure a copy of a constitution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a "declaration of principles" which is
printed below. The management of the Colony rests with the
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
and his two assistants. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of the enterprise are conducted by the board of directors who are elected by
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the stereotyped cor·
poration by-laws of almost every sta te. The only innovation is in
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 shares of
stock, regardless of how many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corporation the right to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the part of state
officials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inflexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of a n elaborate constitution
and a se t of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which arc used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individuaL
Liberty of action is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community a t large.
Values. created by the Community shall be vested in the Community alone.
The individual is not justly entitled to more land than is sufli.
cient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownersh ip.
Talent and intelligence arc gifts which should rightly be used
in th~ service of others. The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
~rea ler ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with those of
o thers can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educational
facilities and to devote jhe whole extent of that ability to the
'
·
service of aiL
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfishness, to educate all and to aid
any in time of age or misfortune.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED .
HEN a member of the colony dies h is shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
a re admi tted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians a nd Malays. The rejection of these applications is no t due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
·expedient to mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
•·onsigncd to the name o f the owne r, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the co lony's warehouoe
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be pre·
paid. otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
�the station is by mcam of auto trucks. Passcngcro arc carried
in the colony's auto stages. ·In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry. etc., are kept in the depart·
ments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keen the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
·
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any other sum less than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or ·in some cases, nothing at all,
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thou·
sand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements machinery and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large ag ricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines io order to continue its
present success. This fact must be obvious to all. The manage·
men! of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army that cannot take
advantage of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
that breathe bitter and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this more than we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-operative groups can say to their stripped, rob-
bed and exploi.~ brothero: "You who come w;th willina hands
and understanding of comradeship and co-operatiqn arc welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providing for the future while his brothers and siaten on the
land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Somo; of the food,
all the doJhing, much of the material they draw, costa money.
The initial membership fee goes to offset the sup;>ort of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so adjust your affairs that you can make final payment and join -your comrades who have already borne the first
brunt of pioneering.
The Directors of the company are: Job Harriman, president;
Frank E. Wolfe, vice-president and assistant secretary; G. P.
McCorkle, treasurer; F. P. McMahon, vice-president; W. A.
Engle, secretary; D. J. Wilson. vice-president; J. E. Bourn;
A. F. Snell, and Emma J. Wolfe.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
ALREADY ESTABLISHED
New Ones are Constantly Being Added
Print shop
Shoe shop
Laundry
Cannery
Cleaning and Dyeing
Warehouse
Machine shop
Blad:smith shop
Rug works
Planing mill
Paint shop
Lime kiln
Sa"· mill
Diliry
( abinet shop
Nursery
Alfalfa
Orchards
Pouftry yards
Rabbitry
Gardens
Ho{:: raisin p;
Brick yard
Lumberin\!
Magazin{'
Newspaper
Doctors' offices
Views of l.lano"s Cannery. Cabi~et Sho:-. PI aning Mill and Print Shop
Wood yard
Vinegar wo rks
Bakery
Fish hatchery
Barber shop
Dairy goats
Baths
Swimming pool
Studios
Two hotels
Drafting room
Post office
(, mmissary
Camping grounds
Industrial school
Grammar school
Montessori school
Commercial classes
Library
Women's Exchange
Souvenir club
Two weekly dances
Brass band
·
\ landolin dub
Orchestras (tw&)
Quartets
Socialist local
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
~
.Following is the plan which has proven successful: each shareholder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital
stock. Each pays in cash or installments, ~I ,000. Ea ch pays in labor, $1 ,000. Each receives a daily wage of
$4, from which is deducted one dollar for the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock and living expenses is credited to his individual
account, payable out of the surplus profits of the enterprise. If an installment member falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover and resume payments. In no case will he be crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will, upon request, issue · stock for the full amount he has
paid. This is transferable and may be ·sold to his best advantage. In this we will undertake to assist wherever
practicable. Corporations _are not allowed ~y law to deal in their own stock.
The Weekly Newspaper, lHE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news. of the world, of the Sociali~t movement
and of the Labor movement in condensed form. It carries the colony news, etc. The subscription rate is 50.::
a year.
Both the Western Comrade and the Llano Colonist to one name for 75c.
ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIO. 'S AND MAKE ALL PAYMENTS TO THE
Uano del Rio Company, Uano, California
�Was Schmidt Guilty?
Did He Dynamite the Los Angeles Times?
The Jury said YES, and the Court sentenced Schmidt
to Life Imprisonment.
Job Harriman, Counsel for the Defense, says NO.
What do you think?
Here Are the Facts, NEVER BEFORE MADE PUBLIC. Could You Have Voted for Conviction?
Why Did the Jury Do So ?
(Testimony from witnesses Clark, Dugan and McManigal was admitted.)
"You, gentlemen of the jury, know this umbrella
is telling the truth. Every rib and every stay tells the
I ruth in no uncertain terms, that this fellow Clark is a
pequrer. They tell you Clark never placed dynamite under the c rane at the Dayton bridge.
. They tell you
that the Prosecuting Attorney knows that the felon Clark
was giving perjured testimony."
"Dugan t Who is Du{\an > He is a self-confessed felon.
He was expelled from the Iron Workeos Union. He is the
Dugan ~ho shot and killed his wife and daughter m
Indianapolis."
"McManigal is a self -confessed murderer. The prison
doors were opened, this criminal McManigal shook off his
rhains, ,n(ked out, was given $1000 by the County of
Los Angeles, and told to go his way in peace.''
In identifying Schmidt, witness after witness testified that
the man connected with the dynamiting h'ld his cheek
hone mashed, b ut noticed that hio eye was all ri~.\,t.
S.:himdt's eye is gone. but his cheek is all right.
Fair and honorable '"'' itnesscs ,,:ere prevented from taking
the stand. Competent witnesses testifed that dynamite gases
quench Rames; while gas sets ftre. '!'he Times Buildin~
explosion set fires. Could it have been dynamite~ Dynamite explodes in all direc tions, gas upwards prin~ipally.
The explosion of th~ - Times Building was upward. None- of
the phenomena of the explosion showed evidence of dynamite.
Witness Rico said the valise found at the Otis home had
a lirllJ! device in it for making an exlJiosion. Said he r.ut
open the suitcase and go t a block away before it exploded.
.\nother witness said he saw smoke issuing from it. A
clock·work arrangement does not make smoke. Dld somt>~
one lie? Both could not have spoken the truth.
A valise fourd • ' Zeehandelaa's was reported to have had
Lyr,amite in it. It was labeled "80 per cent," but thes<
labels were not seen unti!l after it had gone to the Pro• ·
ocuting Attorney's office. The city chemist reported rhat
it was not dynamite at all. The prosecuting attorney's office
reported that they had explod.-d. it boc•u•e they feared it wa<
dangerous to have about.
Things the Papers Never Told
are given in thi:; new book about the Schmidt ca:;e, the speech of job Harriman before the jury. Read
it and learn how a pe.-son on trial can be sent to pnson. Read it and learn things you have long
:.uspected. HERE ARE THE FACTS 1
EVERY UNION MAN should learn how he may fare in the so-ca lled impartial courts. Any of them
may get what Schmidt got.
EVERY SOCIALIST who wants first hand evidence
should have this book for propaganda.
of
capitalist- controlled
court
proceedings
EVERY FAIR-MINDED PERSON honestly seeking information and loving justice should read this
tale of a dishonest conviction.
WHEN CAPITALISM DESIRES A CONVICTION it gets it. Read how it can be secured. The newspapers never told these things. Why? Did you know the real facts about this case? You 'II wonder if
the McNamaras were really guilty. and you'll wonder why they confessed.
Single Copies 25c.
Quantity rates to Locals and Unions.
WESTERN COMRADE, Llano, California
�Table of Contents
November
19 16
Pace
Page
Cover
Page
Nutrition-The Food We Eat... ..........
George Watkin• Dropo Another Fore•t Giant and
Prepare. it to be Sawed into Lumber.
2
The Gateway to Freedom.
A Synop•i• of the Booklet of the Same Name; Giving
RrieAy the Ideals of the Llano del Rio Colony·
Information About Llano ................. ................... 6
A Statement of some of the Accomplishment• at Llano
During the Short Period of its Establishmenl.
7
Editorials
By Job Harriman
10
Reciprocai Relations
By Jas. 0. Blakeley.
Building a Socialist City ....
12
Th., 5econd of a series on thi• subject by A. Constance Austin who haa designed homes and a city plan
which will demonstrate new ;;,,d advanced features.
Jottings of juliu~
. . ... 13
This talented young author trenchantly discu"''
pha•es of Social. Politiral and Industrial Activity.
"If a House Cost -
-" ......... ........ .
14
Miss Helen F ranees Easley tells how a younlt teacher
~ ucceeded where sec rei ~ervicc men failed.
Lumber-Llano's New $50,000 Industry .......... 16
Robert K. Williams tells about the New Industry
around which Llano progress centers at present.
Women and Politics ................. .
By Emma ]. Wolfe.
r-"""'""....,....------ ·
............. 19
. ........ 20
An article on Therapeutic• by Or. John Oequor .
Education for Real Life ...................................... 21
................. 22
Plowing ............................... .
By Oliver Zorne•.
Irrigation of Alfalfa ........................................... 22
Ay Wesley Zornes.
Growing Toward Co-operation .. ..... ................... 23
Another of this instructive series by Clinton Bancrofl.
Printing and Co-operation ................................. 24
By George E. Can trell.
Neve r Trouble Trouble .. .................................. . 24
By Robert K. Williams.
Canada . Bars Pearson's.. ......... .. .... ... ... ...... .. .. . 25
............. . ............. . 26
What Thinkers Think.
The substance of arhcles whirh
wrrr carried in
leading magazines lor October.
28
Vitriol and Violets ....... :
What our Readers
'"Y
What Our Mail Brings .
of what they reaJ.
······ .. ............ 28
Book Reviews ................................................. 30
Back Cover Announcement of the Grand Membership Circulation Contest.
December Issue
The Next Number of The Western Comrade will be
the "Live Stock Number"
Illustrated with Photos of Rabbits, Chickens, Hogs, Goats, Cattle, Horses, etc.,
Which Are On the Ranch at Llano.
�Information About The
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
T
HIS is the greatest Community Enterprise ever
launched in America.
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and is
situated in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles
County, California a few hours' ride from Los Angeles.
The community is solving the problem of disemployment
way to provide for
and business failure, and offers
the future welfare of the workers and their families.
a
Here is an example of co-operation in action. Llano
del Rio Colony is an enterprise unique iri the history
of community groups.
It was established in an attempt to solve the problem
of unemployment by providing steady employment for
the workers; assure safety and comfort for the future
and for old age; to guarantee education for the children in the best school under personal supervision
and to provide a social life amid surroundings better
than can be found in the competitive world.
About 800 persons are residents of the new city of
Llano, making it the largest town in the Antelope Valley.
More than 200 pupils will attend the opening of the
schools this year. Plans are under consideration for
housing pupils in an economical and very healthful manner. The Montessori school will be continued as the
first step i ~ the school system. New buildings are now
being erected on the new town-site. Pupils will be
taken through the intermediate work and given High
School trainin g. During the summer a vacation school
was conducted, in which bota ny, domestic sciences, agriculture, biology, languages, practical farming, and other
subjects were taught in a very successful manner.
Several industries are being operated by the school.
such as caring for the chickens, milking goats and gardening. To please the children the school has been
named the Sierra Madre colony. The boys build
houses, farm and take care of their own live stock. The
girls learn sewing and cooking. The children feed and
partly cloth themselves. Rabbits, chickens, turkeys,
horses, goats, and many pets are owned by the children.
They learn co-operation and develop a sense of responsibility, besides having a good time and acquiring an
education. They have 65 acres of garden now and next
year they expect to have more than 100 acres. Their
poultry department will increase the present one thousand or more to 25,000 chickens.
The colony owns a fine herd of I05 Jersey and Holstein cattle. besides about 80 head of young stock
ranging from calves to heifers a year and a half of age.
More cattle are expected to arrive soon.
The 75 work horses, large tractor, Caterpillar engine,
three trucks, and numerous automobiles do the heavy
work and the hauling.
Thoroughbred Berkshires, Duroc-Jerseys, and Poland
Chinas are in the hog pens. Experiments will demonstrate which are the best suited to Llano. Stock will be
kept · pure and high prices will be commanded.
200 head are now on hand.
About
In the rabbitry are about 3000 Belgian and New Zealand Red rabbits. The number will be ultimately multiplied by about ten when quarters are constructed to
accommodate the increase.
The nursery shows thousands of grape cuttings m
the ground, and thousands of shade and fruit trees,
as well as berries.
~is a part of each day's food supply. Bee
~nies- ~umber 668 and are in charge of expert bee
men. Several thousand stands will be the number in
a few years. They are increasing rapidly.
Among the industries are the laundry, printing plant,
cannery, hotel, planing mill, saw mill, machine shop,
rug weaving plant, fish hatchery, brick yard, lime kiln,
and many others. An ice plant, tannery and shoe factory are expected to be among colony industries soon.
By acquiring the timber on a portion of the San
Gabriel Forest reserve from the United States government, the securing of lumber for building is made easy.
One million fee t will be cut at once, without injuring the
forest.
Farming on a large scale by use of modern machinery
with experienced farmers in charge of the different
activities saves labor a nd expense and gains quick
<~nd satisfactory results.
More garden will be planted each year, and each
yea r's success will become more pronounced as the
adaptability of different species and the resources of the
soil are better understood. Community gardening is
highly satisfactory.
Social life is delightful. The Llano baseball team has
been victorious throughout the valley. Dancing, swimming, picnicking, camping, hunting, fishing, are popular. Llano boasts of a brass band and several orchestras. Literary entertainments are an established feature.
The several hundred acres now in alfalfa are to be
increased by a t least 300 acres mote this fall; the land
is now being prepared. This year seven cuttings· are
confidently expected. Two orchards are producing.
· About 400 acres in all are now planted to trees. All
are doing extremely well and are healthy and growing.
More than 26,000 two-year old peach, pear and apple
trees- were planted last spring.
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside for
the new city to be built. The brick yard and the lime
kiln are both running. When it is considered time to go
ahead, the construction of the new city will be commenced. It will be different from any other in the world
and will be unique, comfortable, sanitary, handsome,
home-like a nd modern, and homes will be harmonious
with their surroundings.
.
�Po litical
Direct
Co-oper a lton
Action
Action
The Western _C omrade
Devoted
VOL. IV
to
the
Cause
of
Workers
LLANO. CALIFORNIA. NOVEMBER. 1916
No.
----------- ------- -
Editorials
A
the
ND still the slaughter goes on . and still they bleed and
gasp and die.
Have you stopped to think how you would feel if only one
of them were yours? Can you see them in the trenches with
grea t wounds in their poor bodies, too weak to help themselves, or to keep the vermin away or the infestuous rats from
gnawing at their sores? Can you not hear the death rattle
in their throats gurgling along the trenches?
Every death sends an arrow through the heart of a mother. a
sister, a wife, a sweetheart, leaving them pierced with pain ,
broken and alone. And these number by the millions. What
a world Gethsemane ! Will not this terrible blood sacrifice
appease the god of greed? Will it not change our viewpoint?
Shall we continue the struggle to save and accumul ate property in the hands of individuals and to sacrifice humanity?
It is the craving for ~ealth and power that has led us to
this world tragedy. Our minds have been so inspired by
greed and our hearts so petrified th a t we can witness the
slaughter of mill ions of our fellows, almost without a sh udder.
Have we not reached the depths?
Must we still contin ue, with gun and sword and da gger to
shoot and stab and kill-? And when this wa r is over shall we
look forward to another war of grea ter mag nitude a nd severity? Shall we still proceed upon the theory tha t the human
hea rt is depraved, tha t greed a nd ambition are natural and
that war has been and always will .be the lot ·of man?
The humanity or inhuma ni ty of man to man depends upon
conditions.
Are not the Germans human to the Germa ns and inhuman
to the English durin g the war? And during ti~es of peace can
not the reversli: be said?
When the conflicting interests between nations become acute
then the citizens crf each na tion join hands in war and become
humane to each other, but brutal to their common enemy.
When this a<:ute international condition subsides and peace
is restored, the n;tions will become humane toward each other,
while the conflicting economic interests between individual~
will lead to personal struggles, class antagon isms, riots, and
civil strife,
Both civil and international struggles arise · from the vortex
of conflicting interests. Unless our interests are mutual we will
ever leave behind us a trail of blood, not because we are by
na ture brutal or greedy or wicked, but because our interests
r.onRict.
By
7
Job Harriman
W
ILSON now stands in the eyes of the world as a statesman of the first magnitude. He . has won this election
by the force of his own genius. The measures urged by him
are far reachin g and of ~ita! importance to this country.
Some of his measures are revolutionary in chnracter, many
are mere reforms, while others of great importance are extremely conservative and most dan gerous, both to the country
and to the progressive movement.
Among the revolutionary measures, a re the law for the prevention of the abuse of the writ of injunction in labor disputes,
prohibiting the courts from using anti-trust funds with which
to prosecute labor and farmer orga nizations; the eight hou r
law; industrial commission ; child labor law.
Among the important reforms are the income tax law, the
federal farm loan act, the federal reserve act, the Alaskan
railroad act, the conservation of national resou rce:;. and many
others.
The extremely conservative and dangerous acts put through
by him are the draft bill a nd the army and navy defense bill.
The draft bill makes it possible for the government to draft
every able bodied citizen into the United States army. while
the army and navy bill appropria tes $634,000,000 for the
purpose of conq uerin g and holdin g forei8 n markets.
In th e last analysis it is by these conservative measures that
the real character of the administration is determined. These
measures provide not for a democratic army but for a plutocratic army and navy.
A democratic army and navy are instruments of defense.
A plutocratic army a nd navy are instruments\ of conquest. A
democra tic army and navy are in the hands of, and are commanded by, the people; while a plutocratic army and navy
are commanded and controlled by the government.
The vote for Wilson shows beyond the question of a doubt
that the people are opposed to war. If $634,000,000 had
been appropriated and used to arm the people, there . would
be no danger of war. They would have the power now and
forever to decl are for peace. Being armed they could not
be forced or fooled into war, any more than they could be
forced or fooled into voting for Hughes.
But the draft bill gives the government power to draft all"
able bodied men into service.
.
The army and na vy appropriation provides for a military
equipment eq ual to that of the most powerful government.
While the government is capitalistic a nd all its departments
I
'• •
~
�Page eight
EDITORIALS
./I
are managed for the most part by men who are influential in
proportion to the capital they control. In other words the
Rockefeller and other great "foundations," the trusts, the
railroads, the steel trust, and other combinations, the banking
and financial powers, the great dailies and magazines, are in
fact the government.
When Wilson steps out, which some day he must, and their
candidate steps in, all the machinery of war will be ready and
at hand. They can and will then declare war whenever war
will advance their interests regardless of the lives it may cost.
It is the markets of the world for which the plutoqatic governments, the merchant, financial and industrial princes, are
striving, while they look upon human lives as m~re pawns in
. their hands to be moved in the game. .
The danger to our republic and the weakness of the Wilson
administration lies in these two measures. It is in these two
laws that lurks the possible throne of an uncrowned king.
w
--(}-
HY has the workin~ class lost ~onfidence in the courts?
Is it because the JUdges are dtshonest?
Have they been corrupted by the interests?
Are judgments bought for so much cash in hand?
Alas, these are frequently the reasons given, but the reasons
are almost entirely false.
True, there are to be found judges here and there who
have itching palms; j,udges who are willing to and do sell
themselv~s for cold cash-but they are the exceptions.
For the most part, the judges are honest and their decisions
~ re logical and untainted with any corrupting. or even with
unfair, influence.
Why, then has the working class lost confidence?
The reason lies far deeper than the theory tha.t the courts
are corrupt.
Our laws are all woven around the theory that the private
ownership of productive property is right. This theory . was
born centuries ago when each man made his war club, his
arrow, his stone hatchet, his tomahawk, his wooden shovel
or spade, and such other crude implements of warfare and
agriculture, has enabled him to cope with his enemies.
These implements were dear to him. His life depended
upon them. They were a part of him. He was not his full
stature without them. They were tied to him by his own
energy and skill. They were his, and the idea of heirship
not having risen, they were buried with him.
From these crude implements came all the implements of
modern warfare and agriculture. They passed through all
the stages of development of the hand and machine tools,
growing ever more complex, responding to every necessity of
man, until they have passed almost entirely out of the hands
of individuals and into the control of great factories and
capitalist enterprises. The tool does not belong to the maker
when it is finished, nor, indeed, is it buried with him at his
death. Yet the theory of private ownership of the tool still
lives.
This theory of private ownel'l!hip not only continues in
The
Western
Comrad e
regard to implements of warfare and agriculture but it continues in regard to the title to land also.
When these sturdy savages captured their neighbonng
tribes, they appr~priated the lands upon which they lived and
called them their own. Thus all title tv land arose by conquest, though the landlord of most large estates rarely ever
tills the soil. He lives separate and apart from it and has
no more to do with the uses to which it is put than have the
mechanics who make the took
Whoever possesses wealth has the advantage o er him who
has not. By means of his wealth he acquires still more wealth.
and the chasm ever widens between those who have and those
who have not. The more property one has, the more power
he has to acquire property. And, conversely, the more power
he has, the mvre property he acquires. Thus the proces~
goes on and the masses of humanity become the propertyless
working class. while the property is ever shifting into the
hands of the few.
Still the theory of private ownership ot productive property
continues to live. and all our laws are made to protect the
institutions by means of which property is accumulated.
Those who possess the property are certain that the theory
of private ownership is right, and every increase -in property
and every law protecting them in their privileges confirms
them in their conviction. But every such increase and every
such law seems wrong in the eyes of the great mass of workers
whose burdens are thus increased.
The judges on the bench are capitalists in their point of
view and reason ~incerely from the premise that the privatr
ownership of productive property is right. It is for this
reason that their decisions are logical. · The judges as a rulr
are not corruptly inAuenced. It is not necessary for the interests to buy them. They are far more certain to reach
the conclusion desired by the propertied class without a bribe
than th'ey would be with corruption.
But every such decision entrenches the capitalist class by
adding to his power while it ever increases the burdens and
disadvantages of the working class.
The crux of the matter in regard t~ all laws is in the construction given by the courts. The eyes of both classes ilre
upon them.
They are praised by the rich because of the advantages
gained. They are mistrusted by the poor b~cause of the
burdens imposed.
1
This is why the workii'!g clas:< has no C·:>nfidence in the
courts.
--o-
W
HY is the Socialist party afraid that it will be connected with some co-operative enterprise?
Is co-operation a myth? Or has it become a real religiou
with some?
They have shouted the " Co-opt-rative Commonwealth" ~
long that it has become, to them, a heaven whither they are
going and not a condition that they must bring about.
They are having visions of pearly gates and golden streeU
�The
Western
Comrade
EDITORIALS
Page n,.e
where all is rest and play, somewhere in the dim and distant Evolution proceed : within the seed, within the egg, within the
social state.
future. They will not have that dream disturbed.
They have forgotten that by the sweat of man's brow shallLet us act while it is yet time. Let us burst the shell outhe eat bread, here and hereafter. They consent to such labor ward before it is crushed inward upon us. Let us act today
here but not hereafter. "Let the burden be heavy now. And for tomorrow may be forever too late.
--o-let the Now extend into the endless future, for we are goi~g
to the co-operative commonwealth weary and heavily laden,
HISKY! Yes, all you want over the counter of Calbut when there we shall find rest."
fornia. Wet! Yes, wet as a wharf rat.
Wrong! Well, what is wrong anyhow?
"Co-operation ?-No, that cannot be under capitalism. We
It is safe to say that a majority of the heads of families
ca nnot compete with capital." Then, fanatic, if that be
true, forget your dream . You will not reach your goal by in this State belong to some church. They ·do not permit
adding to your burdens. The burden i:; already so heavy liquor in their homes, but they permit liquor in the saloons
that the mind is becoming sluggish. Let us shorten our hours where thei.r children resort and make merry. The children
and lighten our burdens and give our minds a chance to see evidently proceed upon the theory that if the mountain will
not come to Mahomet, Mahomet must go to t he mountains.
and understand or we will be slaves forever.
But upon what theory do these good people proceed? If
True slavery is an economic condition, but it is also a
mental state. It requires more than an elephant to break the it is wrong to drink liquor, why do they not proceed unqualichain with which a child leads him, It requires understand- fiedly upon this principle? ·If liquor is injurious both to the
lllg. How gentle a span of fiery steeds may be when held body and mind, which they so loudly proclaim, why do they
with delicate reins by a single hand. How little they know not stamp it out? They are in the majority, and possess the
of their power and of the weakness of their master. The dif- power. Surely if liqnor is injurious to those who use it the
ference lies in the understanding. It is the steed that draws use of it must be wrong in the eyes of these people.
Evidently if the use of liquor is wrong, and these good peothe master. It is the worker that supports the capitalists.
ple have it in their power to exterminate this wrong and do
True, the worker knows far more than the horse, but he
does not know his power. If the workers knew their power not do it, they are proceeding upon other than moral grounds.
In 1910, there was a great strike in Los Angeles, California.
this country would kn w neither millionaire nor pauper.
The workers do not, nor never will know their power until The saloons and breweries were on one side and the labor
unions were on the other. The prohibitionists and church
they learn it through actual co-operative effort.
It is by concentrated effort that efficiency a nd power de-- people of that city were not involved but had the balance of
velops. Co-operation requires the highest type of understand- political power.
It was then proposed to vote the city dry. The unions were
ing on the part of all. but it also requires more than underready, but the prohibitionists, together with the churches, re>tanding. It requires intelligent action .
plied: "No. Not until the strike is over."
The Socialist party may hold their meetings and talk until
What is there in a strike that makes it wrong to vote a city
the crack of doom about the co-operative commonwealth without avail. The Socialist party is, and has been, a great power. dry at any time, if drinking is wrong?
But unless that power is soon put to some [.\Tactical use it will
Ah! There is one spot of hely ground in the capitalist
become a rope of sand.
system upon which both the flock and the preacher fear to
Power once vested ·must be used or it will be taken away. tread. That spot is profits. Whatever interferes with profits
Let the party connect up with the labor and co-operative shakes the mourners' bench and causes the altar to totter.
movements and become vitalized by them or its days will be Put your hand upon one' s profits and yo can -feel his heart
palpitate.
__
numbered.
"No. Not until the strike is over." Then NEVER says the
We must work ~ut our theories by action and not by talkmg. The judgment of man must ripen by experience, not union, and each stands upon precisely the same ground.
Those who favor liquor as a rule are reaping some material
alone by theorizing. Socialist institutions must be developed
benefit, while those who oppose liquor as a rule are directly
by associating with our fellow, not by individual activities.
Let us learn now, once and forever, that we must de- or indirectly suffering a loss.
Are not each of these classes right? Sure they are. T he
velop our co-operative institutions within the capitalist system
and not after it has passed away. We must live every minute, benefits conferred are the final arbiter of every problem.
As long as the majority feel that they are benefited by the
by means of some kind of effort. Socialist institutions must
be developed before they can be used. ,Until they are de- sale of liquor it will be lawful and moral lo sell liquor.
But whenever the majority are convinced that they are sufveloped capitalist methods must be employed.
Society is ready for our message. Henceforth it will be fering a loss by reason of the liquor traffic then it will be
delivered by action rather than by preaching. We have unlawful and immoral.
Hence the good church people and the umon men clasp
pioneered during the era of propaganda. Let us now
hands and vote together for liquor.
pioneer in the era of co-operation. Now is the time to act.
w
�Paae ten
CO..OPBlATION
Reciprocal Relations
,p
--···--~ERSONAL efficiency is a very popular topic at the
The
By
Western
Comrad •
Ja m e s 0 . B.Ia k ill e y
to the rights, the interests, the welfare of others will always
present time. It means the ability to accomplish the prove unfortunate and detrimental, if not actually disastrous.
I
greatest and best results in the shortest time pradiSocialism Is The Thing
No man is born of himself or to himself and no one can
. _____ I cable, with the least possible expenditure of effort.
It is generally recommended because of the personal advan- live to himself only; we all act and react upon each other and
tage, benefit, and success, which it will most likely bring to· are more or less dependent upon each other, because co-related. Besides, it is not possible for all to be one hundred
its possessor.
On account of the prominence now given to the subject of per cent efficient in all respects, and wherein one is deficient in
personai efficiency, a nd the apparent importance which neces- one respect, he is in tha~ respect dependent on others, who are
sarily attaches to tha t mbject, ·I am impressed with the pro- efficient in those respects, relating to his deficiencies. The
priety of prefacing the consideration of this subject of mutu- general divisions of labor, the arts a nd the sciences. are
alism by a consideration of individualism.
~
developed on this basis.
If we shall say there are three principal sources of inspirAnd if it be impossible for the most capable to be efficient,
ation to activity on the part of individuals, as those of purely in an all round way, then certainly it is not possible for tht
personal interest, those of benefit primarily to others as family immature, or the aged, the defectives a nd incompetents of
a nd friends, a nd those recognizing the idea of general mutu- all sorts to become all round efficients; a nd they are inevitality in interest and benefit as the result of all transactions ably doomed and foreordained to miserable failures, in a rewith others, then I shall
say, personal efficiency
contemplates prima rily
individualism, a nd perchance independent individualism a t t h a t,
perhaps better expressed as independence in
individualism.
But there is no i uch
thin g in nature, a rt or
experience as an independent. complete. or
perfect
individualism.
Man is not complete in
himself. nor woma n in
herself, a nd the highest
function in human lives
is not, a nd cannot be
realized in individualism, but in mutualism
a nd altruism.
The Ideal Family is
Socialistic
logs Like This Are Piled On The Skids, And Are Being Hauled To The Saw Mill At llano Where
Father, mother, and
They Are Soon Made Into Lumber For Colonists' Homes.
children, in their best
relations, are each supplementary to the other,
each contributing naturally to the development and perfection gime of purely personal efficiency and competitive effort. Our
very constitutions, our individual capacities, with their varying
of the other.
An enlightened individualism does not mean an indepen- characteristics make us all dependent upon one another, for
dent self-seeking efficiency and a personal absorption of its whatever of efficiency we may have. The family, the .school.
results, but on the other hand, a generous, beneficent, and wise th~ universities, business of all sorts and even governments
regard for the feelings, the rights, the interests and the welfare themselves, whatever their perversions, contradictory practices,
of all others in association and in all degrees of relationship, and adverse action are based upon this idea of mutual deespecially those of the family. In connection with this trinity pendence and mutual helpfulness.
of persons, as of father, mother and children in the family,
Mutualism Among Animals
Mothers and their young of all sorts, wild animals that
we have in the individual, a corresponding trinity, as that . of
body, mind and disposition, and in nature throughout, another feed and fight in herds, the deer, the wolves, the wild horsts
trinity, that of matter, energy, and an order of combination, that for mutual protection against common foes form circles
manifestation and experience. And to talk about either one with heads in and heels out that ·they may effectually kick to
of these, and not the others, in their proper relations and pieces their enemies, from whichever direction approaching.
proportions is always to leave the matter open, incomplete, and the shy quail which reverse the way of the wild horses
inconclusive and unsatisfactory; just as, in the consideration by huddling in a small ring with tails in and heads out, that
ef personal eflicieAcy and its application without proper reiard they may the more readily alarm their mates .and escape their
�The We • t P rn
Com rad r
"nemies by scattering in alL directions when attacked, are all
pertinent and · conclusive illustrations of a practical sense
among the lower animals of this principle of mutualism, that .
is of mutual dependence and mutual helpfulness, for self protection and benefit.
But for the sake of the argument, suppose the man or •
woman to be complete individuals, or units, they are still
trinities, with full and perfect mutual dependence and mutual
helpfulness existing between them as between the individual
physical organs and their functions; as between the stomach,
the lung;, the heart, and normal brain activity. The better
qualities of their temperament or disposition are a sane
psychic temperament requiring a sound physique; any unsoundness of that, if only as indigestion, dyspepsia, or gout,
affects unfavorably both the nervous and the psychic conditions. since the digestive organs and the nervous system are
interdependent. While the products of digestion nourish the
nerves. the nerves in turn. control digestion ; and so, if aught
injuriously affects either, the other will also suffer. When
worry, ove rwork or shock interfere with digestion, the resulting lac k of nourishment weakens the nervous system, causing
tterve strain. This nerve weakness then reacts and still further disturbs the already faulty digestion. To the same effect
is the recent statement of one of the more successful practi:ioners in Los Angeles, reported to me as follows: "There is
a certa in nerve in the system intimately associated with stomac:h, hea rt and .lungs which, on being injuriously affected in
either one of those organs. will also injuriously affect the
action of both the others."
Kindness •and Its Compensations
Herr.. is what I consider a very apt illustration of the inlluence and benefits of reciprocity, or mutualism in practical
operation, as clipped from a newspaper and which might very
;>roperly be entitled "True Teaching: Its Method and Its Compensations." Miss Tuttle-, who has trained eight parrots to
be both actors and musicians, here tells the story of their ac. complishments and how they came to be so accomplished:
; Starting with the idea that her compensation is the principal
, thing. the second point in this story may be of first import~ ance. since this seemingly best way of training parrots is
also apparently the best way of developing the best in human
beings. Unless we shall note carefully bo~h the ~rit and the
method of the training we shall miss the chief point sought
by its quotation. .
She says: "My methods in leading parrots farther along
than they have ever gone before in the path of achievement
<tS zoologists concede that I have, are those of persuasion
and kindness. By patience, confidence and affection, I lead
them to do first the things they want to do and then the
things that I want them to do. By these means I inject into
our rehearsals always the spirit of play. It was through
patient play and coaxing that I taught Bob the greatest number of words ever spoken by a parrot; he speaks five hundred
entences.
"Polly, after watching a big policeman stroll past our window every day for a week, began of her own accord to imitate
him. Like any other actress, she first studied her part and
became letter perfect. · She struts, pounds the Aoor with a
club. and marches vaingloriously in perfect time to the air
'We Won't Go Home 'Till Morning.'
"Caruso is a great musician.
o parrot has ever equalled
his talent in this respect. He sings in three keys- high, soprano, contralto and baritone, then a medley of the three.
He sings in any of these distinct keys, 'The Star Spangled
Banner' and improvises airs that are really musical. I de-
veloped Caruso hom what was considered a ' hopeless squawky
parrot. There is no need of any one having a squawky
parrot. That he squawks is the fault of his 'owner. Patiently
train him out of his bad habits, as you would a child. In the
case of both child and parrot spare the rod.
"Paderewski could entertain an audience for two hours
himself. Seated before a baby grand piano decorated with
electric lights he plays almost any popular air and accompanies
Carusos solos. Besides the piano, he plays the horn and drum.
He gives excellent imitations of animals. He whistles popular
airs and delights in imitating the police whistle that regulates
traffic at Times Square in New York. He can spell his own
name and is an expert in gun drill.
·
"Count de Beaufort has also decided adaptability in music.
He plays the cornet and imitates its sounds.
"My little company would not be complete without chorus
girls. I have three. Marie, the principal chorus girl severely
puts the others through their paces. This little Amazon is a relentless disciplinarian, as is Bob the school monitor. The
chorus never misses its cues; it always sings at the right place.
"Following the Greek idea, I have trained my little feathered servants to act as hired mourners. Caruso lying on his
back in a little bier, is drawn to his grave by Padcrewski. The
three mourners follow, shrieking their woe in a high key. The
children in my audiences call them the cry-baby parrots.
"Scientists who have called upon me to study my method
with my parrots have been amazed that I have never used
a stick. I answer them: 'Fine human beings do not need the
goad. If a fine animal is beaten he is ruined. I have trained
my birds by patience, affection and appreciation. Impatience.
harshness or carelessness would ruin them, would make of
them criminal birds.' For my influence I depend entirely,
upon the qualities and characteristics of affection and apprcciation as shown in the voice.
:
"When I began to train my pets, my own education bega;t.
While I have sought to educate my parrots they have educated me; and it has been to me a liberal education to educate my eight parrots.
"Your parrot if well cared for will live for a century and you
may bequeath him as a legacy to two generations of your
descendants, but be sure to bequeath also the advice : 'Be
kind, be patient <tnd keep him well.' "
If kindness and persuasion, patience, appreciation and affection, plent~ of food and good care have such a wonderful inAuence for good in the development of the higher capabilities
of the lower forms of life, it occurs to me as a good idea to
use these same means generally in developing the higher capabilities of human beings and so enable them to abolish some of
the grosser relics of barbarism, as the official club, the glittering sword, the deadly machine gun and all the other murderous appliances of modern military and naval operations.
Vegetation Also Illustrative
Take another instance; this in the vegetable world. Concerning the weeds Mr. Burbank says: "
are simply
the outcasts of the vegetable world and need only to be properly fertilized and given suitable environment and cultivation
to make them nutritious and useful, and at the same time and
by the same means given a capacity to be cultivated at reasonable expense." It is currently reported that he has taken the
most incorrigible specimen of all those outcasts in the vegetable kingdom, the prickly cactus, and by his method of
scientific treatment has actually tra nsformed it into a very
valuable forage plant capable of producing several tons to
the acre and with profit to those who shall choose to engage
in its production.
..-.
�The
Building a
s0 cia I is t
- - HERE 1s always a time when a city begins. In a
western towa it is day before yesterday. But there
is always a definite beginning. Someone puts up a
railway station or a store. A few houses agglomerate
around these, and then some local magnate says: "I will build
a house on this little hill just outside of town; I will have a
bigger garden and more privacy." Soon every advantageous
piece of ground for a mile around is thus occupied. Then
things begin to fill up. Busine~s is increasing; ~eople are
coming in; it is found advantageous to cut up the pretty
gardens into building lots, and neighbors are looking into your
windows. The privacy you were seeking has di~appeared.
You sell out and move into the country,. only to ·repeat the
process perhaps in a few years. But the people to whom you
sell have to go on living under the conditions you are so
anxious to escape. Why should not they have privacy and
pretty gardens? Because they are poor? Well, in the Socialist
city this will not be so.
We pride ourselves on our cities of homes. Th~ home is
occupied by a small group of people who are closely related
and have private interests and occupations. As generally constructed, these homes have glass windows within fifteen feet
of the neighbors' glass windows. We have to keep the blinds
T
city
Weotern
Comrade
By A. Constance Austin
this way it is not necessary to keep up the expensive struggle
to escape the promiscuity of a constantly pursuing city. As
a matter of fact this kind of house has to be built in co-operation with your neighbor. You think ahead. The other system
of building presupposes an entire lack of experience in the
regular processes of civic growth. How common it is to watch
a friend select a building site for the view. The proud owner
takes you around to the various windows to show you the
outlook. Yes, you ·say, but what will you do when someone
buys the next lot or builds opposite? Oh, well, he answers,
we are a good way out; nobody is likely to come here soon.
A year after · you call and lind the house neatly framed in a
circle of dwellings. Your friend has nothing to say about
the ex-views, but explains to you how successfully he is "planting out" the objectionable new houses, and you wonder at the
fatuity with which this process is repeated by every new
home maker.
There is another way of making yourself comfortable in
the city. You begin by saying: "I am not building in the
country. I have come into the city for certain definite advantages. One of them is the nearness to things, to the stores,
theaters, etc. I am not going to put myself off where I have
to take the trolley or automobile every time I go out of the
View of a Small Portion of
Llano, Looking South. The
Permanent City Will Be
More Than a Mile South
of Here. Houses Will Be
Built There When Lumber
Is Available for Constructing
Forms. Etc.
drawn down if we do not wish our neighbor to ~atch every
move we make, a nd we have to speak below our breath if we
do not wish him to hear what we say. A moment's inattention. and some inaccurately overheard bit of conversation
se nds a cyclone of gossip whirling through the town. The
garden of each house is directly under the neighbor's window.
and equally exposed to the passerby in the street. A garden
implies relaxation, an escape from the city's overstrain of too
much humanity, to the repose of nature. But the city looks
down from the neighboring house and over the garden wall
in derision of your futile effort to escape. You put the children out in the yard to play. In a moment they are behind the
house and out of sight. They have been silent for several
minutes. Experience would indicate the wisdom of going to
see. In one case I know of, the infant of three had got out
into the street, and walked down town in the water behind a
watering cart before the anxious mother could locate him.
In Llano we have planned a house built around a patio. You
look into your own windows, your neighbor retires behind a
sound-proof wall, you can swing in a hammock or sit around
in your shirt sleeves in your garden, unvexed by prying eyes,
and in whatever room in the house the mother may be, the
children in the patio are always under her eyes. Building in
house. I shall not make any attempt at establishing country
conditions in a city environment because it .is self-evident that
such conditions can only be temporary, but I will agree with
my neighbor and put up a house alongside of his in such a
way that we shall not mutually interfere with one another."
By building close together and eliminating the waste spaceof uncared-for back yards and wide expanse of dusty street,
turning both of these into parks, we will all of us be able to
get in close to the center, and will not have the constant expense of transportation across miles and miles of empty blocks
with an occasional forlorn house lost in untidy vacancy. If
I plan my house from the first to meet city conditions I shall
not have to alter it or move when the city catches up to me.
Moreover, if I and my neighbors plan the city right, setting
aside districts for business and manufacturing, railways and
school gardens, the residence districts need never be invaded.
One trouble which lies behind the chaotic and wasteful
evolution of the average city, in which streets, houses and
public buildings are constantly being torn up or torn down.
moved or reconstructed, to be moved and reconstructed again.
is that any group of average citizens thinks itself qualified to
lay out a city. If you should suggest to such a group of
citizens that they should make a watch, they would laugh at
�The
Western
Comrade
PagP. thirteen
the idea; yet is not a city a more complicated structure than
a watch? Think of the thousands of people whose interests
are at stake; the probabilities of business which must be
foreseen and planned for; the history back of the city idea
from which you must, or should, select' the experience which
applies most aptly to your case; the engineering problems to
he met; and finally, the art side of the matter. You and your
children's lives will be affected by the architecture of the city.
If you are surrounded by ugliness, dissymmetry and confusion
there will be a steady subconscious strain on your nerves and
mental balance. It is more than probable that this strain,
which is such a constant factor in our mushroom cities, has
much to do with the nervous breakdowns on which Americans
specialize so unfortunately.
In the ancient cities of Europe you can stop on almost any
corner and rest your eyes on some harmonious combination
of simple beauty, whereas ip our cities we are pounded around
from shock to shock, looking up from the rush and clamor of
the streets to the ugliness of the buildings and the intentional
insults of the advertising. The wonder is ·that we have any
sanity left.
In our Socialist city then, we will plan ahead. We will
study the ·conformation of the ground and say this should be
the civic center, this the residence district, this district should
be set· aside for business and i:his for manufacturing. We
should make the boundaries ample and elastic, and then build
compactly and systematically, to stay. If the money that is
wasted on this constant process of tearing down and rebuilding were put into carefully planned permanent construction.
there would be plenty of money to house the poor as comfortably, if not as extravagantly, as the rich. We may yet learn
that it is more blessed to know that our neighbor is not suffering want, than to elaborate luxurious "cottages" and "bungalows" for ourselves.
~
"Some day perhaps we shall have roofs which can be
slid off somewhere and live under the open sky during hot
summer nights."-Table Talk.
Jottings of Julius
By Emanuel Julius
A nation that has healthy men. independent
women, and happy children is a nation that I>
wealthy. A nation can't count its wealth in dollars, but in human happiness. A nation with countless billions of dollars. but scarred with poverty,
disease, insanity, prostitution and exploitation is as
poor as a dying paupe ~.
The cupidity of the capitalist depends on the
stupidity of the worker. The plutocrat's rapacity
stops only at the labor capacity of the toiler - and
ofttimes not even there.
A fresh fellow rises with the barking recrimination that in years to come retired munitioners and
armamentists may expect their young hopefuls
to ask not "What" but "Whom did you do in the
Socialism is the reflection of the desire of millgreat war, daddy?
ions of people to enjoy life while they are living
Men don't rob because they are inherently bad.
in this little old world. Socialism is the aspiration
Emanio•T ]11li11s
but because the capitalists have robbed them of
of exploited wage slaves who would rise to freethe right to work.
·
dom and independence.
Socialism is as broad as life - and that is why one never
Thomas Carlyle once remarked that "a little while ago we
were not, a little while and we are not." Between two eterni- knows all about it. The longer you study life. the more you
.
ties some mysterious power has given us existence - let us discover.
~trive to make it beautiful, clean, human and just. Let us
Bernard Shaw, the famous Irish Socialist and dramatist ,
leave the world a fit place for our children.
writes that murder and capital punishment are not opposites
We must never hesitate to fight for our ideals. He who hesitates remains a victim of capitalism. It is· better to fail in
trying than fail to try for Socialism.
Socialists are going to conscript all the wealth of this country for the purpose of eliminating poverty and suffering.
Wealth, in the form of railroads, mines and factories, will be
taken over for a constructive purpose. The · means of production and distribution, when collectively owned, will enable the
working people to enjoy decent living conditions. The capitalists, through their governments, conscript human lives for
destructive purposes. They draw the line at their wealth.
They demand their usual six per cent. Socialism takes the
principle of conscription and uses it to build. not to demolish.
A real reform cannot come from the top.
from the bottom.
It must come
Don't wish for Socialism- work for it.
Capitalists are fearless from the enemy.
when an army separates them
Eventually - why not now? That's a familiar line. It
might be applied to well meaning chaps who intend to vote
the Sociali&t ticket---i!ventually.
that cancel each other, hut similars that breed their kind.
We have been asked to beat our swords into plowshares, but
the suggestion does not seem to receive much of a· welcome.
In this country, just now, the capitalists are abandoning the
production of necessary things for the manufacture of war
munitions. Instead of beating swords into plowshares, the
plowshares are beaten into shrapnel.
Mere numbers are not enough. The workers can't hope for
emancipation unless they show gumption.
We hear a great deal about the "pork barrel." Capitalist
newspapers, while howling for preparedness, brand any appropriation for useful work as "pork." Thus, the building of national roads and post-offices, of dams and bridges, of reforestation work and irrigation- all are "pork." In other words.
the newspapers consider that the government should use
money for but one purpose: to turn this country into an
armed camp.
Some people have strange kinks in their craniums. They
reason thusly: It's all right for the community to own its
public schools, library, hospital, electric light system, fire
department, road and streets, but it isn't right for the community to make its own bread, clothes, and shelter.
,,
�Paac fourteen
fiCTION
"If a House Cost-"
The
Weatern
Com rade
By Helen Frances Easley
· - jHEY all came back without having accomplished any- tors' visits began. And they had been occurring at regular
J thing.
After the first three or four had done s~, intervals for a year and a half, and all that they had found
was that not. only the Agent, but also the Indians were exceed1 shaking their heads and with a puzzled look on therr
_ __, faces, it 6egan to be the expected thing. But the ingly prosperous. · "Industry" seemed the slogan of the entire.
Department wouldn't stop until every inspector in the service reservation. And during this time Murphy had disposed of
had gone out to the Reservation and had done his best to find his old car and purchased a new one, and consequently the
inspectors' trips over the reservation were that much more
the "leak." However, none had found it.
Inspector Adams was the last man to return, disgruntled and comfortable! He was extremely affable, and laughed at them
out of patience, but his evident ill-humor did not stop the ques- behind their backs. . He did not once by any word or action
intimate that he thought this constant inspection was anything .
tions that the other unsuccessful' ones put to him.'
"Couldn't find a thing out of the way, not one thi{lg! All unusual. And so far the inspection had resulted in nothing.
the books absolutely straight, not a single crooked a~count. I Adams was considered the ablest man in the service and he
looked in every corner of the office and I c;.ouldn't find a thing. had failed, so there was nothing to do but drop the affair.
"And I suppose Murphy took you all over the Reservation seemingly, and do some "watchful waiting."
in his new model seven passenger Six?" asked young Howe.
Howe had been one of the first men sent out to investigate.
He had been back long enough to begin to look at the
When Jean Best accepted the position of Day-school teacher
matter as a joke.
she did so with a great dea l of enthusiasm. For a year she
Adams nodded with a wry smile.
had had letters from Alice Turner, one of her dearest friends .
"Certainly. We took two trips, were out two whole days. who was the wife of the Agency doctor. Alice loved the great
And everywhere the Indians wen~ working in their gardens or western plains and the Reservation, and Jean felt that she,
looking after their stock. I didn't hear one word of complaint too, would find them interesting. So she had passed the examfrom any of them. they all seem contented and what's more. ination, and her friends had recommended that she be appointhey seem to think Murphy's the greatest "little father" they ted to their Day-school. So it happened that she became a
ever had. He is encouraging them to build houses, instead of member of the Turner household and a real factor in the
living in their old tepees. Says they accomplish more. And affairs of the Agency. She was an insta nt success, her cleverafte·r we had our )ittle "look-see," he took me home to such ness and youthful prettiness charmed the few dozen people
a dinner as I hadn t eaten in months! And while I was eating who made up the whole contingent, while the shy little Indian
the best any market could supply. and taking in the furniture children adored her. They called her "Miss Best Teacher."
that looked mighty new and yelled "money" at me, Murphy and struggled with their English primers, for how else could
told me that he was thinking seriously of sending his oldest they hope to understand her unless they could talk "white."
hoy to a Military Academy this Fallt
It was after a party, as Mrs. Murphy termed her social
"All that on twenty-four hundred a year!" It was a chorus gatherings, given shortly after the new teacher's arrival, that
of voices.
Jean learned of the state of affairs. They had scarcely more
"Yes, on twenty-four hundred a year." Adams ass-ented.
than gotten home, when Jean asked. in a matter of fact tone,
"Murphy certainly knows how to spend the money." one the salary of the Agent.
young man volunteered.
The Doctor and Alice exchanged glances. They both felt
"That isn't all," another went on, "besides knowing how that they knew what the next question would be when they
to spend it, he seems to have a secret way of getting it. hut told her, and just as they expected, the question came.
when it comes to findin g out, we might as well give up."
"Then how can they do all they do? Why, I never saw
And so the matter rested, .at least for a time, a sore subject. such furniture- and- " she added slowly, "I don't know when
The whole affair had started when a school inspector had I've ever seen such queer people. I don't know so very much
returned with the information that the new Agent, Major about politics, I'm sorry to say, but I overheard the Major
Murphy, seemed unduly prosperous. At the time he had telling the Chief Clerk that he always•considered the moneyed
received his appointment, the state of Murphy's finances had party the safest, and they both laughed. A lot of them had
been well known to the Department. He was cashier in a · been discussing the next election, and he made that remark in
small bank in a little western town, a man who had never a n undertone, but I couldn't help hearing. Then they looked
accumulated anything, except the goodwill of some politicians, at each other as if just they two had an understanding. I
who were influential enough to get him the place. The ap- never have liked Mr. Murphy, he looks so- so fat and piggy,
pointment seemed a "God-send." He had just been compelled and that remark someway sounded just as he looks. There
to mortgage his farm, to meet the expenses of his family. must be something awfully wrong somewhere."
The Doctor laughed. In spite of the seriousness of it all, he
There were six children. So when, in eighteen months time.
he was able to pay off the mortgage, buy an automobile, and couldn't restrain himself.
begin payments on another piece of land, it caused some
"There is something wrong, Jean, it's been wrong for some
wonder. Even though the Government furnished fuel, meat. time, but nobody seems able to find it, so we've tried to stop
a nd the use of a residence, it would require magic to stretch thinking about it. It's pretty hard, though, with it staring u~
twenty-four hundred dollars in the many directions that Mur- in the face the way it does. Some of us have tried to reason it
phy seemed to be stretching it.
out that since the extravagance is so open and apparent, we've
There seemed to be but one explanation, Murphy was using been misinformed as to the Majors finances, but we always find
funds to which he had no right, but the Department flattered that we were wrong in that supposition. At any_rate, he &eJms
itself that such an affair couldn't last long, and so the inspec- to consider himself pretty secure. But dont worty youreelf ·
--
T
�The We•tern
Comrade
flCTlON
about it, Jeanie, we've all found that it doesn't do any good."
So jean tried not to think about it, but it was hard to
forget the injustice that was being done somewhere. If the
Indians were being cheated, it was because the M~uld
take advantage of their ignorance, and so far no lndi#ad
P.ver complained.
·
But something was wrong, and everyone wondered if any·
one would ever solve the riddle.
<
The months slipped away pleasantly for Jean. The little
Indians were being led and guided along the intricate paths
of "two times two" and "four goes into eight" and other mys·
terious realms. The School inspector was greatly pleased with
the work that was being done and Jean was frankly proud
of her "real Americans."
It was along in the winter that she decided to launch them
into "analysis" and so the blackboard was adorned with problems of this kind:
"If it cost $400 to build a house, and a man has $500,
how much will he have left?"
Since most of the children were living in the little frame
houses which had been built within the last two or three years,
Jean decided that "houses" would make interesting problems.
A number of houses were even then in the process of construction. And after telling the class to have them worked for the
next recitation, she called her primer class. Usually there
was no need of watching the class that was studying, but this
time jean noticed that the youngsters were staring dully at
the board. They would shake their heads and even look des·
pairing]y at one another.. Jean couldn't understand, and twice
she told them to get to work. The third time she spoke sharp·
ly and little Johnny Two Strikes timidly raised his hand.
"Well, John?" she asked.
"Those problems are not right , Mi~s Best-Teacher." he
ventured,
"Not right?" jean looked at the board-If a house cost- ·
"Why, nonsense, they are just as I intended them to he, now
~11 of you get to work."
"But they are not right," john persisted.
Jean was vexed, but she asked the child what he meant.
"Well, you see, a man never has any money left in bank
when he builds a house. Houses . always cost all the money."
jean gazed at the child curiously, while · away back in her
hrain a tiny idea began to grow.
"Say that again, john, and tell me all you know about it,"
she requested.
·
"It is this way," the boy replied, "my father had $400 and
our house cost $400, and Sam Kn·ock Otf One's house cost
$500 and Sam's father had $500, and sometimes houses cost
0nly $300, because houses always cost as much as a man has.
there is not any left."
Instantly Jean knew that she had found the leak. As calm·
ly as she could she changed the problems to "cattle." A man
could have twenty cows and sell ten, the children agreed. The
remaining hour dragged for jean, she could hardly wait to
get to the Doctor and Alice. and when noon came she almost ran home.
''I've found the leak!" she annnouced breathlessly as ~he
f'ntered the dining room .
"The leak-"
"Yes-where all the Major's money comes from-" and
then followed the story of the problem.
Dr. Turner listened gravely. They were now surely on the
right track. He went back to school with jean, and little
John Two Strikes again gave his· explanation.
In a week's time three Inspectors were again at the All,erJcy,
but this time they talked with the Doctor and Jean before
they reported at the office.
And this time there w~s no smiling on the part of the Major.
The investigation did not stop at the affice, or after a trip
over the reservation. The Indians who had built houses were
called in and all corroborated the story the problems · had
brought to light. It was all very simple when the key to the
sitqation was found, and no wonder Murphy had urged the
Indians to build frame houses.
Since only he and the Chief Clerk had access to the books.
they had taken advantage of the guilelessness of the Indians.
and since their money came easily, they did not appreciate
its value, and it was an easy matter to convince one builder
that his house would cost more money than his neighbor's did
a month ago, since the price of lumber had raised! And all
the lumber was purchased by the Chief Clerk at the nearest
town, and hauled to the Agency, so no one else handled the
transaction and it was outside the Government business, con·
~ equently the inspectors had never touched that side of the
matter. And the Indians were told they were lucky to build
without overdrawing their accounts! In that way the books
were kept straight and all the vouchers in order, and when
any inspector mentioned the fact that a large number had used
their entire balance, he was informed that it was for improve·
ments, so, since no complaints had come from the Indians
themselves, none had thought to look closely to see how extensive these improvements were.
Major Murphy and the Chief Clerk had divided the spoils.
but the latter, being unmarried and without a home, had not
indulged in any undue extravagance, and so had not been
suspected.
As for Jean, she was overwhelmed with congratulations, but
instead of showing any pleasure when Adams spoke to her,
she looked at him gravely as she replied:
"Of course I'm glad it's done, but it has made me think of
the thousands of people who are "building houses" that way.
you know what I mean, living their whole lives in the same
hlind way, letting others take all the pleasure and profit- "
But she was interrupted.
"My dear young lady! Are you moralizing, or is that a
direct remark about present political situations? Listen people,
how would you take Miss Best's idea?
Jean smiled faintly, but she answered Adams' question
herself:
"You may take it any way you wish, and anyway, if it
hadn't been for Johnny and those problems even this much
wouldn't have beep done. I never could have done it alone.
it just happened. But I'm awfully glad I started in with
houses instead of cows."
Hope, 0 Brother!
Hope, 0 Brother, though time be long.
And turmoil and strife enshroud the earth ;
For out of the chaos and woe and wrong.
Freedom, 0 Brother, shall come to birth.
Work, 0 Brother, for work shall yield
A boon to the coming race of men ;
And the sceptres the tyrant rulers wield
Shall never oppress the world again .
Clasp, 0 Brothers, your toil worn hands ;
Union of hearts is a thing divine,
And Brotherhood's service, uniting all lands,
Is the noblest work in the world's design.
.
-Maxguerite Head.
�The Wutern Comrade
Page si,.teen
•
Lumber ---- Llano's New
- jCTOBER T wenty-fust. Nineteen Sixteen, will be a
I memorable day for Llano. The first load of logs
j arrived from the timber .reserve on that date.
___, For months everything in the shape of building
has hinged upon lumber. To buy lumber in the open market
is an expensive proposition and in the end means a dead loss,
while ~ro~ucing lumber from our own preserve, at one cost,
JS a wmnmg one.
The work of housing has been held back awaiting the
arrival of timber from the mountains. There is hardly anything one can think of along constructive lines but .requires
lumber.
Now that logs are regularly arriving from the jackson
I0
It is felt that with the arrival of the great pine, logs to
the saw mill the putting of our members in more· comfortable
homes is on the eve of accomplishment.
It is not the intention to start at once 011 the permanent
homes. Wf' hope to do this within a reasonable time.
"Reasonable" means very soon. The necessity of getting the
residents here in secure quarters is of prime importance. This
can be done shortly, ·once the lumber is on the ground. It
will not take long to erect satisfactory temporary homes.
It is to be hoped from now on that one of the big
drawing cards will be good temporary homes for the colonist.
This fact will be more gratifying to us than the satisfaction
felt by the new member, .for this problem has been wrestled
When The Logs Have Been Trimmed And Cut Into Lengths They Are Dragged To The Skids Along The Ro~d And PileJ Ready Tu Be Loaded
On The Logging Trucks.
Lake region, twelve miles distant, building will boom and
the work of caring for the many eager people who wish to
become permanent members here, and who have on account
of inadequate housing refrained from joining, will begin.
It is safe to say that one of the things that retarded progress
in the Colony more than any other single factor, has been the
housing problem. Many comrades have come and looked
us over and expressed satisfaction with everything, but have
been unwilling to bring their families in until better houses
were assured. With this situation taken care of, there is no
doubt now that these same comrades will return to stay.
Women like to be comfortable. So do men, but not in
exactly the same way. The housewife needs a conveniellt
and pleasant home. The man can put up with a lot of things
that would get on the nerves of the wife. Creature comforts
remain paramount and the necessity of providing for better
living quarten i~ recognized a.s very import&.nt.
with since the inception of the Colony, and figured on from
every angle.
It doesn't take much to make people contented; Often
a word settles the mind and makes for content. Fr~quently
it is some physical comfort, good meals, for instance. · However, one is certain of making people happy · and contented
who are given good, substantial homes.
The main desire of everyone is to get into cozy Ettie temporary homes where they will be protected from the weather.
here to await with security the development of the 'permanent
city which will be the pride of the colonists.
Since the logs are arriving from the mounta:ihs, a trip to
the logging camp will be interesting. ·Therefore, go with us to
the higher altitudes and see what we find, and have a glimp$e
out over the great valley below.
The establishment of a log~ing camp near Jackson's Lake.
which w~ have euphoniously renamf'.d "Pine Lake.. ;,. a 4lep
�The
Western
Com.rade
Pqe seventeen
50,000 Industry
the right direction and ·settled our minds very materially.
The Colony has secured ·a..government timber concession,
which ultimately means several.million feet, twelve miles from
the present site of Llano and built a road to it. This road is
a line piece of work and has added to the assets of the· Colony
more than sixteen thousand dollars. The road was completed
within ten weeks, and all who have seen and passed over it
say that it is a line piece of engineering. · The grade is
gradual, not more than three per cent; and considering the
many hills on the way, and the gulches and canyons to be
negotiated, the work is most commendable.
The fact must not be lost sight of that colonists built the
road. Not a dollar for outside labor was paid. The surveying was done by our own surveyor and the Colony teams and
machinery did the grading. The foreman of the work was
also a colonist. The road compares favorably with any built
by the state that is not macadamized. The actual cash outlay
is not at the moment at hand, but it is safe to say that it was
ridiculously small. This is the result of co-operative labor and
shows what can be done without money. Money, after all,
in the final analysis is a figment, which sooner or later will
be recognized the world over as such. One of the purposes
of our co-operative effort is to show that labor precedes cap-
By Robert K. Williams
Caldwell's Lake is next reached. It is a little body of water
nestling in ·a small gouge of land, nearly 4~00 feet above
sea level. Docile animals feed on the succulent grasses covering its shores. Caldwell located this spot a long tim'e ago and
has done ·considerable development. Now that a road passes
through his · ranch, he is drawn nearer civilization. Caldwell
appreciates the fact and a broad smile lights his face and
we number him among our friends.
,
The road continues up and up, winding round delightful
curves which apparently end at evety turn. To the left
stretches of plain can be seen shimmering in the -dazzling
sunlight, miles and miles away. Tree tops wave below us and
a soughing sound comes from them. It is indeed, like looking
over the ocean. To the north the Tehachapis serenely lie
under the haze. The eastern San Ber·nardino hills, which are
in reality mountains, gliaten and scintillate with their covering
of snow. Occasionally trains of the Southern Padfic and
Santa Fe can be seen crawling along forty and fifty miles
away. The view from various points of the road is inspiring;
it is a region of magnificent distances. Every lover of the
grand and sublime can get a thrill from a trip over the logging
road. One woman, after riding half an hour silently and
observing intently vista after vista of beauty appearing and
.
Llano has the only saw mill in Los Angeles County. Co-operation makes possible the utilizing
of the timber of the San Gabriel Forest Reserve. There are no markets to find, no overhead
expenses, no profits to pay. The Llano Co-operators can do collectively what others cannot.
ita! and to make our radical friends, and others, believe in
the principles they so strongly advocate. This co-operative
log road is a true example.
While subserving the most practical of uses, the road will
prove to be a pleasure drive. It winds past the lime kiln,
where we will stop and inspect the work being done there.
It is a curious fact that we are so accustomed to having
things done and completed that the colo~ists refuse to enthuse
over the lime kiln. While it is turning out the finest quality
of lime, we accept it as a matter of fact.
Thus it is with regard to the logging road. The road is completed and we accept it as a thing always present. One must
remember, in going over the ranch, tnat a great deal of labor
has gone into just such assets. When we ride over the various
roads of the ranch, we never think they were not always
existent. The reason for mentioning this is that people visit
us and ask why we haven't done so and so, or paid more
attention to some specialty. A moment's reflection only is
required to see that if we spent time · on these specialties,
general work would suffer.
From the lime kiln, we start on a gradual ascent and pass
a little valley claim of an old homesteader. It looks cheerless
and hopeless. We wonder at his nerve: Think of liis going
into the solitude years ago in a\} attempt to eke out an existence! The primal jnstinct of man <seems to be to own
something. To us this is the pitifulness of the system we are
living under.' lt is to escai>e tliis' needless and losing struggle
that Llano's co-operative efforts are being heralded to the
world.
disappearing, distances dissolving mysteriously one after another, finally-remarked that the scenery was "cute." Soon after
the auto refused to go.
However, the road is not one of adjectives. It was suggested by the earnest editor that cash figures be given as to
the value of the materials to be transported down its sloping
reaches. After wearing out three pencils we are ·convinced
that there are not enough, pencils to compute the value correctly. At present we are paying $35 a thousand for lumber.
Suppose we cut and transport a million feet of lumber. The
pencil said $35,000, in cash. That is what it would cost us,
plus transportation from Palmdale. The same amount of lumber from the hills above would cost, approximately, $11,000.
Here the pencil wobbles. As a matter of cash, it won't
cost us any such amount, due of course, to co-operative labor.
A million feet of lumber would be worth at least $50,000
to us, but we don't figure that way. How much is it worth
in use value~ That's the test, after all. Some day the 'wets'
and 'drys' and single taxers, Republicans and Democrats, will
figure in the same way. The lumber costs $2 on the stump
cash. The cost of maintaining the men, horses and machinery, in cash, is the only outlay required. What that will
amount to is a matter for the bookkeepers to decide upon
when several months have elapsed. However, there is no
comparison between prices of \he outSide market and the cash
cost here. It is all on our side-the co-operative side.
It might be mentioned that this' timber reserve is not
attractive to private concerns. It is too scattered and the
co~t of obtaining it would be too great. They could not
�Page eighteen
compete with Oregon timber at all. However, we can and
the results will be seen in buildings, and the many other
things requiring lumber.
But to continue on this road. Presently we hear the crash
of a tree and in a moment or two the swish of an axe
disturbs the air and presently George Watkins and Emil Holmberg are seen exultingly gloating over another fallen monarch.
Watkins and Holmberg are at the head of the logging crew
and have done yeoman service. They have cut a great number of trees and trimmed them so that in many instances
logs of 60 to 90 feet are obtained. Some of the pine logs
butt 36 and 45 inches. They are cut into convenient lengths
for hauling.
The trees are frequently 1SO feet in height and when they
fall a great noise is made. The trees are not thickly set as
in some regions, but for Colony purposes are adequat~ The
forest ranger marks them and instructions are given- to fell
them in a certain way so that young standing timber be not
injured.
Comrades G. F. Smith a nd Ed. Sweeney have been busy
pulling the logs to the skids, convenient for loading. As a
result of their labors, a great pile lay in readiness for the
teams below. Smith and Sweeney have no watches. · They
haven't the slightest conception as to what constitutes a day.
Daylight lasts long in the mountains.
The boys assure us that they will be able to fell all the
timber needed to keep the log trucks busy.
Two six-horse teams have been used to transport the logs
The
Western
Comrade
into boa~ by the saw. The pond prevents the lqgs from
warping and cracking, prevents worms from boring them; it
also washes out the small stones that collect in the crevices
of the bark.
B. J. Smith believes he will be able to complete ~
three-room temporary cottages a day in the yard of the mil
These will be built on skids and when finished the tractor ca
be attached and then drawn to wherever needed. In this wa
it is believed the wants of the Colony can be quickly supplied.
Now that the lumber industry is established and assurance
given th:tt more substantial homes will soon be under way,
other industries will be discussed and planned. Lumbering
will go on steadily and surely without exciting more than
passing interest from Llanoites, who accept it as a fact and
immediately look forward toward the next step in the realization of their dreams.
Our hopes are high. It is confidently expected that shortly
we will be able to take the visitor over the ranch and if
he is satisfied with the prospects shown, as assuredly he will
be, give him a temporary abode, comfortable and pleasant,
should he care to cast his lot with us in the greate.st co-operative enterprise m the world.
..
-:
Housing has always been a problem. The
opening of the new mill gives the colonist
material to build houses and to house their
products and live stock.
to the saw mill. Comrade B. ]. Smith, who has charge of
the saw mill and through whose efforts this fine machinery
was brought here, has completed three log wagons in our own
shop. They will eventually be ·attached to the caterpillar and
made to convey great loads.
One man is kept busy on the log road patrolling it, watching
for slides, chuck holes, etc., and especially after a heavy log
wagon passes does he give it close attention. In this way
the road will be kept in good repair so that hauling will be
facilitated.
At the present time the road ends at the cook camp, which
is about a mile from Jackson's or Pine Lake. A fairly good
trail goes to these points of interest. A magnificent scenic
highway could be made by continuing the road to San Bernardino. Unrivalled beauties can be brought to view in every
canyon and mountain crest. The Sierra Madre range is attrOictive beyond description. Without a doubt the future will
see a highway built by the state to add to the pleasure of its
citizens.
The saw mill, having a 30,000 foot capacity, is in readiness
and only awaits steam to begin ripping the logs into boards.
The pond, which is to hold the logs while waiting to be cut, is
now being lined with cobbles and made seepage proof. The
rock is ready and work will begin on this soon. However,
the mill can run without this feature being completed. A
big ditch has been dmz from the Hubbard tract. across the
townsite to the pond. This ditch will also be cobble-lined.
Logs will be lifted from the pond, freed from pebbles.
etc.. and placed on the carriage where they will be sawed
Logo Are Dragged From Where They Are Felled, Horses Being Used For
Thia Work. ~ning Of The Lumber Industry Hao
lner1>11sed The N-l For 'f~>~~m•.
�The Western
Comrade
Women and Politics
,
Page m..e-
WOllEN'S DEPARTIIEHT
By
Emma
J. Wolfe
-ow
that the battle is over, the tumult and shouting sisters in the -East that we have had suffrage too long to be
has ceased and the Captains, Kings and Queens have blinded by the clever poilticians at the last hour. There is
departed we may review the effect of a futile attempt no such thing as sex solidarity. We are not w9inen and men.
to establish a sex solidarity in the Western suffrage but just people. But by interpretation of some wise politicians
states. No such solidarity was shown , or ever can be shown. the women have been barred from being people.
"The Hughes' Special" is in one of the railroad yards and
Suppose that the women had had the courage ·and strength
only the memory of the lavish expenditure and the notable to come out into the open and declare they would vote for
trip remains for those who participated in this "cross country the ticket which would promise to give them suffrage~ Suprun" to line up the women of "the suffrage states" for one pose a vote of three million had been rolled up for Benson"
Cha rles Evans Hughes.
and Kirkpatrick? Does anyone think for a minute that the
"The woman's part" is also a memory . It will go down in suffrage amendment would not have gone through at the.
history as one of the factors used to try to blind the women first hour of the first convening of Congress? There can be
who have the franchise to their own best interests. There. no greater incentive to our good representatives who keep an
,e~ms to be rio greater method f~r making the women think,' _ ear close to the ground than a big radical vote. They have
and to act as they think, than to give them the right to to run ahead of the race. They must keep the people
exercise their franchise. The suffrage states did not crowd tolerably well satisfied. The protest vote is the vote which
eagerly forwa rd to elect a reac tionary president. The time is makes for progress.
right for the women to take a stand against militarism and
There will never be sex solidarity. Class lines are drawn
war policies. In voting for Wilson they felt they had taken 'lmong women as among men. The law of economic dethis stand. California has spoken, and the world held its terminism knows no distinctions. It is a hopeful sign,
breath to hear her speak. No more can the excuse makers however, that the women of the suffrage states refused to
say that it was a stay at home vote which elected Mr. Wilson. be led. They are showing signs of progress. There will ever
There was no stay at home vote. It was a vote of the great be a strong hope of appealing to the mother heart and any
majority.
mass action that may come from women will be from some
Many of the radical women even thought it right to cast compelling emotional surge toward emancipation of humanity.
a vote for a sure thing and voted for Mr. Wilson .
When the Hughes special came to the West, some of ·our
most brilliant club women went to the state border to meet
them , and travel with them through California and try to
ce nvine the women of this stale that it was the duty of all
women to stand together. We heard such phrases mouthed
By W arr en McCulloch
as "the solidarity of the women." "line up the women for
War, why came you stalking back
fhe Anthony amendment. But they did not line up. OnE'
To a welcome so scant as ours~
great reason that the women did not rally to this call and
We have taught our children to hate you ,
vote for a reactionary Republica n i ~ that the Republican party
As to love the fields and flowers.
has never stood for the Anthony ame ndment or any other
amendment which had for its object the giving to women· the
right to enfranchisement.
"I came for a parcel I had left
To Mad Attilla's grace.
The eleventh hour statement of Mr. Hughes was that
There, too, is the spite of your children,
he would do personally all he could for Women's suffrage.
Which no fields and flowers can efface.
What Mr. Hughes could have done would have been to have
taken the trouble to go home to his own state and cast one
"Think you to block my path with spite~
small single vote "for the women. Now history tells us that
this gentleman never exerted himslf to vote for anything or
Oh, pity for thoughts like thine I
anyone. But he might have had a change of heart. We are
The doctrine of Hatred is sure as Fate,
not saying that he did not.
When Love would beg and whine IBut how about our Eastern women and the party they
represent? Thousands ·of dollars raised to conduct a cam"The whining love that co•ets
paign for the most reactionary man that could have been put
A neighbor's lands and winebefore the people of this nation.
The whining love that aeeka for more
When enough and to apare is thine.
There is a party which has always had in its platform the
Anthony amendment and for all other conditions which would
"For dove-white worda a blighting scourge,
make women the equal of man in all walks of life. Why did
When the stream beneath runs red.
not our wealthy Eastern friends come out and stand for this
party if they were sincere in their statements that they would
For blending the blood of such peoples
~lan d for the party which would have for its JX>licy the grantTakes water and soil-and lead.
ing of suffrage to women?
"So I come with my old, old message,
A stand of this sort would have. brought to it women from
Bringing no corn, no wine;
all parties. Those who want all· of the women to enjoy the
privilege that we have in the West. And we-all do want all of
T caching my doctrine of hatredWhen your lov• would bei and whine I"
the women to have a right to vote. But we are reminding our
When Love Would Beg and Whine
\
�Page lwenly
THERAPEUTICS
The
Nutrition-Th-e Food We Eat
- - -rE processes of nutrition in \he light we propose
to consider it is the method by ~which the daily decay
of tissues and fluids of the body is compensated by
_ __ the appropriation of new matter.
In this process many of our bodily functions are active. Cir~
culation, respiration, alimentation, digestion, absorption and
secretion all play a prominent part. Ma.n is to a large ex~
tent but a machine for converting stim'!lli into ~eactions, as
London suggests.
. .
Before the phenomena of nutrition our most learned savants stand in awe. The reason for the fact that ~ach part
of the body from the complex mechanism of the brain to the
extra vascular tissue such as hair take their respective nutriment from the blood are but indefinitely known. _One thing, however, is certain, that is, the blood contains _
all the elements needed to build the tissues of the body.
The blood receives these principles from the food we ·eat. The
substance required by each tissue are brought to it through
the medium of the circulation, and oxygen, which is indispensable to the manifestation of life, is introduced through the
act of respiration. The blood being constantly depleted of
its substance through the demand made on it by the tissul's,
takes on fresh material from the food eaten. To render the
substance taken from the food adaptab!e to the needs of
the body certain secretions are required. These are produced
in the various glands. Every function of our body practically
is engaged in the work of assimilating food or excreting effete
matter. The effete matter thrown off from our bodies is taken
up by the vegetable kingl;iom; thus nature maintains an equilib;·ium between her two great departments.
The why of these phenomena may forever baffle the miud
of man. It is on a par with the speculation about the soul.
It is a problem that reaches into the infinite.
Flint says: "The giving of a new name to organic matter
without any addition to its physiological history does not advance our definite knowledge. For example, it has been
known that certain nitrogenized constituents of the organisms
classed collectively as organic principles, seem to give to
the tissues their property of self-regeneration and development. It may seem to those not engaged in scientific inquiry
that a recital of the wonderful properties of 'protoplasm'
affords some additional information concerning the vital phenomena in organized bodies; but the true definition of the
term leads us back to our former ideas of the so-called
vital properties of organic matter."
Clodd says in substance: "We cannot analyze protoplasm,
for to analyze it means to destroy it, and when destroyed it is
no longer protoplasm." Thus the basis of life is shrouded in
mystery and the substance of this mystery is closely associated
with the action of nitrogenous substance.
This substance must be continually fed from the animal
or vegetable kingdom. The whole problem of life without
exception is one of nutrition. We may study life from any
angle we please, whether as an effect of chemical action or
as a principle in nature, nutrition must be dealt with.
Let us study the fertilized ovum. Here life seems to be a
principle enclosed with a wonderful power of attracting to itself needed substance for its unfoldment, from a little· microscopic globule of but slightly differentiated parts to a highly
differentiated organism, an organism that develops in a definite time, a definite structure of par.ts. · and has within it~~elf the power to perpetuate its specie~ ,.
IT
sr
or.
Weslern
John
Comrade
oequer
It would be interesting to discuss Wiesman's theory of the
germ-plasm; Virchow and cellular pathology, Alexis Carroll,
and "Tj~s1,1e culture in media," and many other men and their
discoveries, l;mt we have not the space. We can only point
out the -vast importance of nutrition to the wonderful mechanism of our bodies, so that we may learn to aid, instead of
hinder, in its sublime function.
The process of nutrition begins with the taking of food into
the system, and continues until it is excreted, in the forms of
urine, faeces, and perspiration. Many substances pass from
the body in the same form in which they were taken into it.
From this it must not be inferred that they have been useles~
to the body. Our organism needs common salt in the process
of absorption, as· salt has a strong affinity for water, while part
of its chlorine becomes a constituent of every body tissue.
Chlorides are so intimately associated with nitrogenous substances that they cannot be completely separated without
burning, and, as we have seen earlier in this article, the nittrogenous substances are a part of our very vital properties
(protoplasm). Salt is freely thrown off by the kidneys, skin
and tear glands when it is superabundant in the tissues.
Nature takes only as much of the substance as it can use, and
endeavors to regulate the quantity as much as possible.
In the processes of nutrition some elements pass -into, and
some pass through, the tissues. For instance, we find in the
body a variety of gases : oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carburretted hydrogen, and sulphurretted hydrogen. Of these oxygen
alone is absolutely essential to the process of life. The others
are more or less non-essential. They pass through the system,
but do not become, strictly speaking, a part of it. These
gases are formed in the union of various elements and have
but an occasional function. To discuss this here would make
this article much too technical.
Water is taken into the system as drink, and with all kinds
of food. It becomes a part of every tissue. It is also formed
independently in the body through the union of oxygen and
hydrogen. When we speak of water being present in every
tissue, we do not mean that it is present as in a sponge, but
that its elements enter into the make up of the tissues. In a
former article we treated of water and its functions in our
bodies. Let us repeat. Water dissolves, cleanses and carries
nutrition in the body. Further, it gives elasticity to the cartilages; to tendons, their pliability and toughness; and to the
bones their resistance. To waste matter it acts as a solvent.
Next to oxygen and water, the body nee~s common salt.
It is a principle constantly asscoiated with life, existing even
in the ovum. It exists, more or less, in all fluids and solids in
the body, except the enamel of the teeth. Professor Loeb
contends that the salts of sodium, potassium and lime enter
into the protective membrane of the cell-a process which he
calls "tanning"- and that any marked departure from the
normal ratio of these salts in the blood is followed by a more
or less rapid degeneration of the protoplasm. Common salt
has for its chief function the regulation of moisture in the
system, and any disturbance in the chain of salt molecules in
the circulation gives rise to pathological conditions of the
tissues. These become inclined to watery exudations and
swellings. The patient may crave salt, and take it in large
quantities-and yet the body may not be able to assimliate
it. In these conditions, Dr. Schuessler advises the administration of salt in highly dilute form, so as to have it taken up
(Continued on Page 28)
�The
Weolern
Comrade
EDUCATION
Education for Reai Life
-~HAT is the object that we have in mind when we
W
I force the children, all the children, to SPend the· great-
; er part of what should be the happiest period of their
lives in school. The parents' point of view is that
they are preparing them for the battle of life, and they have
heen trained to believe that the more schooling they can get
the more advantageous their future position in iife will be.
Besides this, they believe that the discipline and· tJ'llining in
;elf-restraint involved in the handling of children in large
groups, is beneficial to them. Incidentally to !~"average American mother, who does the housework and sewing for the
fa mily, cooks three meals a day and looks after their amusement and nurses them in sickness, the only thiJlg that ~~s
her from going quite mad with the strain, is ~~ for pa ,.e'of
the day at least they are in school and presumably out of mischief. This in itself would be a sufficient reason for sending
them there. The parents who have any idea of culture in their
mind are quite rare.
The general public, the taxpayers, have before them almost
>olely the idea of efficiency; the children must be trained to
he useful citizens.
When, however, we gel away from the child as he relates
to his parents, or to the taxpayer, and consider things purely
from the child's point of view, you have a very different
situation. The child is supposed, as per the Declaration of
Independence, to have the right to the pursuit of happiness.
The greatest happiness in li'fe is to exercise our highest
powers to the fullest extent. It is this instinct t~at l?ives the
tale of adventure its universal appeal. The hero IS domg what
we all long to do. He has broken aw?y from the dull r_outine
of little duties, has thrown aside the httle habitual cautionsimagine a hero concerned lest he sh_ould wet his. feet! -and
has thrown himself wholeheartedly mto the ach1evement of
the impos·sible. If he succeeds he will have great applause,
which will mean little to him. because the memory that he
once achieved the ultimate expression of his being will be the
real reward and the real triumph. If he fails, this real
1 eward will ~till be his, a nd no after suffering can take it from
him.
It is to the opportunity of the exercise of his highest faculties that a child has the right. We are not justified in starting
with the idea that perhaps his puents were hum-drum vulgar
iolk and that he must follow in their steps. Every child is
something entirely new that has just begu~ to happen. What
is it} That is the great question. How can we clear the road
so that this wonderful thing can have free scope.
Our public schools will teach him how not to starve to
death, how to keep out of jail, to still his imaginati~n ~nd
lorget his birthright of happiness, to be bored to extinction
and never, never, to wake up. Is this the only end to the
miracle of being?
.
What does the child really need? He rarely gets anythmg
worth while from books. He needs the constant society of
charming, capable, and cultivated ladies and gentlemen. They
must be charming that he may follow them eagerly and enthusiastically.
'
And is there any more delightful service in the world than
to lead a group of enthusiastic young people to develop whatever ability they may have latent in their innermost being,
and which you alone can draw forth? In the early days of
New England, the schoolmaster was the acknowledged leader
in the community. The schoolteacher now not only does not
lead but is not admitted as an equal in the "best society."
This is because this commercial age offers all its priz.es to
those who have the art of accumulating money, and the people
of ability are irresistibly drawn into the "struggle for wealth."
But the children who grow up in constant contact with inferior
minds are handicapped from the first to a degree for which
no later conditions can compensate.
But it must be personal association in small groups. The
mass instruction forced upon us by the economic pressure,
which is perhaps more disastrous to the community in this form
than in any other, deteriorates society in the very springs
of its being, by crushing t>ut the vitality of the children. But
the privilege of daily living in close touch with a high minded
and highly trained personality-that is education in its highest
aspect. Such a person will brush aside and eliminate the
endless grind of trivialities with which we cumber and obfuscate our souls and lead the cnild to the conquest of the-higher
planes on which his youthful enthusiasms will establish themselves in fertile soil. As for the routine work-if a child
always hears good English he will not know of any other way
to speak. If he always hears bad English no amount of
grammar work will affect his daily speech. If his parents are
careless, after twelve years of schooling he will use double
negatives and say "I done."
The normal way for a child to get information is to listen
to his elders discussing the problems of the day, and referring
him to the best sources of information as occasion offers, and
to do the necessary work of the community with the men and
women who are especially trained to perform those tasks.
However, merely being a good workman does not qualify a
man to teach a child. He must be capable, that the child may
imitate the ease and skill with which he accomplishes things,
but he should also have charm and culture. If the child is not
interested in him no real results will be attained, and if.
while he is teachi1ig the child how to plane a board he is
also teaching him to say "that there tool ain't got no edge,"
the child has gone a long step backward instead of forward.
For in no other thing is the happiness of the child involved
as much as in this question of language. Pure English will
admit him into the society of people who live the intellectual
life ; bad grammar will force him to content himself with the
society of the ignorant a nd undeveloped members of the
community. Nothing is so hard to o•:ercome as careless habits
of ·speech, and nothing will cut you off so definitely from
the higher forms of enjoyment. English first, last, and all the
time is the only safe rule to follow.
All the really essential features of education can be acquired by association with cultured people who are doing the
work of the community, except higher mathematics and professional training. A child need never spend an hour at a
desk if from babyhood he has had these advantages. But
this form of education presupposes a Socialist community.
In society as generally organized, the cultured people pride
themselves on never doing any useful work and fill their lives
up with the endless entanglement~ of self1shness and vanity
which make their existence a detriment to the communit}.
Such examples of culture would be the last people to whom
children should be entrusted, and they themselves would be
the last people to volunteer "for such a service of love,
But they who believe in Brotherhood, what greater joy
could they have than to set the golden age of youth triunaphantly on its way to high accomplishment?
..
�Th~
AGitlCULTURE
Plowing
--fiERE has been considerable said about plowing but
too much can never be said. It is practiced more
· than any other form of cultivation, but at the present
__ _I day few farmers know its real value. Plowing is an
art of its own. Throughout the world plowing is being done
for many different crops, and In many different climates.
In many places fall plowing is practiced, for the purpose
of conserving the moisture that falls during the winter months.
Many plow indiscriminately, thinking that if the ground is
plowed, that is all that is necessary.
'
There are three methods of turning the furrow slice, and the
study of these is important. The flat furrow slice, which is
completely turned over and lies flat in the preceding furrow, is
used mostly in covering trash, weeds and anything that might
hinder cultivation. Little thought is given as to whether this
method is beneficial or not. The furrow slice is not well pulverized, and lies so close to the ground that the air is not able
to circulate through it, and this is the chief object of plowing.
The lap furrow slice is one that laps the preceding one. The
soil is lapped and left standing on edge, which tends to pulverize it more and leave larger air spaces, in which oxidation
may take place.
The third method is the inverted furrow slice, which does
not lap, but is turned on edge. It is more pulverized than the
lap, but leaves ridges in the field .
T
TI
Comr~d t
By Oliver Zornes
Plowing mixes and pulverizes the soil particles, thus making
chemical union more pronounced. It also loo'Sens it so as to
permit of a freer circulation of air, which comprises seventyfive per cent of plant and animal life. It acts as a mulch to
conserve moisture that may fall.
Different depths of plowing are practiced for different crops,
but one should not, at any time, turn up a lii'Tge amount of
the soil that has not been exposed to the air. That is, plow
but little deeper than you did last year, for the reason that it
takes time for the plant food to become available in such soil.
Deep plowing is usually practiced in the cultivation of deep
rooted plants, and shallow plowing on shallow rooted one~.
This is because moisture content is usually low in loose soil.
and the short roots capnot reach the more compact soil. By
deep plowing root systems are forced down, thus prolecti u ~
them from the drying weather and aHowing for a deep muld,,
which conserves the moisture and holds the water table mor~
uniform. Deep plowing is practiced is orcharding; shallow
plowing in the growing of onions. A common pract:ce is to
plow for seeding onions in the fall, thus allowing the soil to
settle, and follow by harrowing in the spring. This raises
the water table, and holds the moisture nearer the surface.
There are many other crops that might be mentioned, and it
is to the interest of every former to study this question more
thoroughly. Ofttimes it has paid to plow as many as three
or four times for one crop.
Irrigation of Alfalfa
HE most important factor to be considered in the care
of alfalfa is its irrigation.
The proper moisture content coupled with our
__ _ warm days and nights makes the production of alfalfa one of Llano's greate~t assets.
This year we have harvested seven crops of hay. This
cannot be excelled anywhere. The water was handled in a
manner to give each crop as good a start as possible.
Under the direction of Comrade Kennedy, our alfalfa fields
were irrigated last winter. This was intended to supplement
our winter rainfall which is not abundant. The filling of the
subsoil when water is abundant is economical, and has resulted in a saving of at least ten per cent on our summer
irrigation. Winter irrigation, if practiced with care, is good;
hut on the other hand, if overdone, can result only in harm
to the succeeding year's crops.
Soil leaching is a · common practice among irrigators. The
available mineral plant foods of the soil are soluable in water
and may be carried off into the subsoil where the plants
can not use it if excessive irrigation is practiced. A leached
soil is evidenced by thinner and weaker stands. A lack of
vitality is noticed in the plants and each succeeding crop
becomes less and less in quantity. The remedy is temperance
in the use of water and thorough cultivation. One winter
irrigation in Llano should be enough, after which the soil
should be thoroughly pulverized for the next year's crops.
Cultivated soils are more retentive of soil moisture, hence
less leaching takes place.
Some farmers are too conscientious about breaking up the
crowns. Go into the field and stir it as if desirous of
destruction, and the ideal condition will be more nearly
We•tern
By
Wesley
Zornes
reached. Breaking of the crown simply causes more to form.
increasing the stand. We cannot over-estimate the value of
cultivation of alfalfa in its irrigation. If a system of cultiva·
tion could be adopted after each irrigation, it is safe to say
the crop would be increased and the amount of water used
would be lessened. On some Arizona farms, this is practiced
with success. Its practicability is yet to be demonstrated on
a large scale.
A common practice is to renew leached and run-out •field>
by plowing and planting to some other crop for a few year>.
A system of rotation may be practiced, such as alfalfa. beet~ .
some cereal, and then planting to alfalfa again.
The time of irrigation can only be determined by clo><'
observation on the part of the irrigator. In Llano two irr.gations suffice for a crop; one just before and one ju:;t aflc •
cutting. The irrigation before cutting is to start the b:td
shoots of the next crop.
Well irrigated alfalfa should have a bright green co!or.
When the leaves turn a dark green the water ~hould be
applied. Irrigating too early in the spring is a com:non error
Evaporation by frequent cold winds keeps the >oil cold and
unlit for plant growth.
Irrigation and cultivation must go on together. 1\ppl;:
moisture when the plants need it, not before. Apply w~ter
when the sun shine>. Early irrigation h:~s a tendency to hoi I
back plant growth.
Water and sunshine are the determining factors in plaul
growth. Llano is blessed with a perpetual right to both .
Llano is destined to become one of the grP.atest agricultural
sections in California. We have the soil ; we have the climate :
we ha\oe the water.
�Th ~
We s tern
Comrade
Growi~g
CO-OPERATION
Toward Co-operation
- -HERE are many living today who can- remember the
I beginning made by some .individual in business or in1 dustry in a small way which has developed into a
. .
monopoly of that industry against which ati individual
operator can not successfully compete with the means and
machinery at his command-a flouring mill, an oil well, 3.
coal mine, a cotton gin, 'In elevator--opportunity to repeat
these achievements seems to have vanished. But is must be
remembered that the individual has not accomplished all this
by himself. He may have been the sole owner, but from the
fir>t he began forming combinations with others--- partnerships,
companies, corporatioils, syndicates, trusts-all founded upcn
the principle of combination and co-operation among the
owners of the property and medium of exchange. It was uot
called co-operation, however. These combinations, then, from
first to last, engaged labor to operate the industrial machine
so organized, allowing labor a ;hare much less than was produced, one of the reasons for which was alleged to be that
as the workers owned no machinery their share of the joint
product of labor and the machine should not exceed what
they could produce by hand without machinery, and the surplus above such share being credited to the machine should
helong to the owners of the machine. Thl•s at the beginning
of social production injustice ruled where co-operative dist rihution should have been established.
And labor accepted that philosophy (not always without
protest. however), but ,the individual always cherishing the
hope that he might some day become tht> owner of a machine
and himself, in turn, an exploiter of his fellow workers. Here
lies the secret of industrial power--combination, ownership of
machinery, and labor exploitation. And so, while machinery
hils been constantly and progressively improved by labor itself. a nd the powers of nature made to operate it so that the
output has been mulitplied many times, labor's share has not
kept pace with such improvemen ts and increases of the product but practically remains at what it wa' at first, just what
tt could produce by hand without a machine or with the
crudest of tools.
Each of these successive combinations was larger and more
powerful than its predecessor out of which it had been developed, and each represented a stage in the growth and succession of industrial ownership. Each combination prepared
the industry it operated for the next stage in the succession
of private ownership and control, but none of them realized
that the immutable law of industrial evolution would eventually demand another transition from the highest stage of
private ownership which they could attain, to one higher than
they could control or operate successfully with justice to the
people. one that would be much better for all the people-the
stage of public ownership.
And so industrial co-operators may take a lesson from
capital ownership, which, however. was not intended to be a
lesson to them, that the preparation of industries for public
ownership should be the purpose a nd final object of all industrial organization; it is the final stage in the succession of
ownership as far as the future of industrial organization can
be foreshown today. And wherever a majority of the voters
of a community by their negative attitude and conservatism
refuse public credit and supervision in the construction and
opera tio:1 of industries, the minority should in their private
capacity initiate a movement through a private association
o~anized with that declared object in view, and construct
T
Page twenty
tim. •
B y C I in t o ·n B a n c:: r o ft
and operat~ such industries as are adapted to the locality and
conditions and requirements of the community interested until
the consent of the necessary majority is regularly gained upon
the question of public ownership and operation of such industries so prepared. Such public consent may not be gained
through political action in ten years or in twenty years after
the industry is organized by the private co-operative association; but if its operation results in a just distribution of the
product to the labor employed, and is satisfactory to its
patrons, whether the legal title were vested in the private
association or in the public would make but little difference.
But the reader must not misunderstand this proposition of
preparing industries for public ownership. It is not meant by
this that the people should undertake to duplicate public
utilities of any character of great producing or manufacturing
industries. Wherever an industry (be it public utility or
private producing industry) has destroyed lawful competition
and become a practical monopoly, wherever such operation
and management has become despotic and contemptuous of
the law and its service unsatisfactory, its charges oppressive
and its profits excessive, it !llay be said that it is as thoroughly
prepared for public ownership and operation as private, associated effort is capable of preparing it; equally as much
so as though its organization had originally been effected with
that object clearly and consciously in view by its owners.
Many industries have now reached that stage in the succession of ownership (it is ·the capitalistic ideal), so clearly
so that their operation and control by the public has now become an imperative necessity to industrial peace.
As already stated, opportunity for the workers to engage
in business or industry independent of and in competition with
the great industries already established, seems to have faded
away. But not so. Opportunity for the individual to repeat
the former achievements of the small private owner, or to
exploit labor for profit is very much restricted; but let individual workers combine their mea ns and labor power and
establish co-operative groups a nd search for them, and they
will find opportunities present on every side. The first stage
in the old succession of private ownership has been found to
be too slow, unsatisfactory and wasteful. The individual is
being effaeed in the private ownership of industries by combination; and henceforth, the organization of labor-employing
industries is to begin with the co-operative group or unit.
It is the steam roller of evolution eliminating individualism
from the industrial organism and introducing social labor
{socialism) in its place. It is in perfect harmony with the
law of industrial economy-the elimination of waste and inefficiency.
Then · let the object of co-operative organization be to prepare industries for public ownership, and opportunities
and their rewards will be forthcoming. They are everywhere.
That is what the private capitalists are unconsciously doing
today, as shown, but with a different object in view on their
part. They would make private ownership and labor exploitation for profit a permanent institution. They are satisfied with the present economic order and would stop where
they are. But like the herd driven to the brink of the
precipice by the wolves of want behind them, they must "keep
moving." The deep sea of co-operation lies before them and
the devil of industrial conflict behind. They hesitate to make
the fa tat plunge; but they can not turn back, and they can
not stand still.
�The
P~e twenty four
Co-operation and Printing
- - - ,MONG the industries of Llano, not the least · important is its printshop. Insignificant indeed is the
, community of today without a printshop and its
·
. __ __' products.
Printing is truly an art. A printer without artistic tastes
is in the wrong pew. Although it is but twenty years since
the printer was known as the prize booze fighter amongst the
workers, this does not, however, exclude him from artistic
claims. He has always been an artist, and it is only with
the advent of huge printing plants that he is dele1loping into
an automaton.
Printing for profit has embraced the efficiency bug which
makes but little allowance for the individuality of .the printer.
Performing the same work continuously ·day after day is not
conducive to artistic ideals.
The individuality of the printer should not be throttled
by a consideration of an alleged efficiency system which often
means "more profits." The foreman is often appointed for
his ability to drive rather than for his knowledge or experience.
He may be unartistic and his men must lower their standard
to a level which meets his approval. They can not use their
judgment nor introduce individuality in their work. It does
not pay. Profit is the first and ultimate cause in the printshop
of today.
Llano's printshop, as with all of its industries, will be different. As it grows in size and importance, it will also
improve in the quality of its product. As against the modern
A
1
VI
Comrade
By Georg ·e E. Cantrell
sweat~shop
methods of efficiency, the co-operation of its employes will surely prove of ,»alue and will encourage art in
printing.
•·~.
Printing for profit is the slogan for a Printers' Board of
Trade, an organizations of printshop owners. The elimination of the profit system will revolutionize the industry. While
profit is the chief considerat1on in the printshop of today, a
day will dawn when the art in printing will be the paramount
ambition.
Remove the customs and agencies which bind and stifte
the free play of individual tastes-the profit system with its
time limits, the driving boss, the so-called efficiency systemand what a change will be observed.
Llano's workers are not time servers. The fascination of
the art in printing will keep the printer to his task, thus producing efficiency. The fact that each man shall judge his
own product will inspire quality in the work, for what artist
would produce that which he could not admire in the work
of his neighbor?
With the more liberal application of the new a nd beautiful
processes, the individual expression of the printer will mould
itself for the encouragement of a rt in printing.
Co-operation in the printshop will be a factor in the development of individuality. How can co-operation be obtained? By equality of opportunity and responsibility, and
the common interest of the workers. It is the only way.
Llano's co-operative system provides the way.
Never Trouble Trouble
·---·- EXATIONS and annoyances come to all of us. In the
final analysis most of them are petty and trivial. If
we allow ourselves to be put out and disturbed over
__
some foolish remark a nervous condition ensues that
destroys the mind for hours.
Often it seems that vexations are designed to test strength
and character. They are in our road daily. Every word is
subject to misinterpretation, and every action an object of
suspicion. When a statement ·is repeated four or five times the
sponsor .of the thought wouldn't recognize it. An action seen
from a distance becomes distorted and bears a false relation
to the mental impulse when seen by eyes of callous doubt.
To be doubted when your speech and action is true and noble
vexes the spirit and tests the sweetness of character.
But don't worry. Explanation is so difficult and leaves the
explainer in a more doubtful position than before. Leave it
to understanding . and time. Time rights all conditions, levels
all inequalities and stills every tongue.
When you are vexed, say to yourself that you cannot afford
to wo.rry as you must reserve your strength for real troubles.
You are told people are gossiping about you. What odds?
It can no more harm the real self than a Rea bite. Gossip is
only for unoccupied minds-it shows a lack of interest in affairs of moment. Gossip is born of envy and suspicion, and
hurts the one who indulges in it more than the subject.
Self control to most of us is simply a phrase, like the old
adage "know thyself." If we allow small things to annoy us,
where is the control? Your coffee Is weak, your cakes are
underdone, your seed didn't grow. Will it be rectified by fuming and fretting about it? The thing is done; it is a fact, therefore adapt yourself to conditions and strive to better them .
Western
B y R o b e r t K. W i II i a m s
Things can get only so bad. When you get sick, you get
sick enough to die. or you get well. It is useless to fret one
way or the other.
Worry over vexations leads to more worry and vexations.
Vexations are handed-ytm from every angle of life, and the
finest paths have thorns here and there. Avoid them by
ignoring their presence.
A man loses in efficiency and degrades himself who thinks
much over trivial vexations. When one consumes his working
power in recrimination the job remains undone, and the individual as well as society receives a setback and a shock.
Logically reason an action and weigh a word before forming judgment. Get the other's viewpoint. He may have
something different in his mind.
."Remember" says H. Addington Bruce, "that by letting our
minds dwell on petty troubles, we distract our attention from
the important things with which we ought to be occupiedthe duties and tasks, the responsibilities and opportunities of ..
our daily life.
"Consequently no man who lets trivialities annoy him need
expect to maintain a high level of working power for any
length of time.
"That is to say, a surrender to the trivial involves a hand;cap on efficiency as well as on cha~acter.
"Everybody wants to succeed, everybody wants to be happy.
everybody wants to be strong. These are laudable desires.
all of which the little mishaps of existence can frustrate - if
we allow them to.
"Mastering them by ignoring them, we shal! find ourselves
speeding more swiftly to the goal of our desires. Test this
statement for yourself without delay."
�The
Western
Comrade
Pase twenty 6ve
Canada Bars Pearson's
A'
-· --LTHOUGH no specific reasons ar-e given. Pearson's ·
Magazine has been barred from Canada by the Chief
: Press Censor of that country. The only article in the
_ __ : November issue of the magazine that could have been
objectionable from a British viewpoint was that by Miss Connolly, daughter of James Connolly, the Irish revolutionist, who
was taken from a hospital and shot. In Miss Connolly's article
it was said that a British officer tortured and terrorized a fifteen
year old Irish girl, Molly McLoughlin, by pretending to shoot
her as a spy.
The only editorial comment that might prove objectionable
to the Canadian government is contained in the October issue,
in reference to the starving people in Poland. The editorial
;aid : "These unfortunate people have been harried and ravaged by the Cossacks and starved by the English blockade, so
that half a million of women and children, it is estimated,
have perished of hunger. Little boys and girls have been
found who have gnawed their own arms."
Harris' Appeal
.
Frank Harris, the editor, added an appeal to President
Wilson, asking England to permit America to extend Poland
such relief as was being afforded Belgium.
The article concludes as follows:
"The British," he wrote, "will not allow American supplies
to pass to the starving Poles save under conditions much more
onerous than those applying to Belgian relief. This crime
against humanity is; perhaps, the blackest in the whole war."
"In other words," concludes the statement, "to spea·k on
behalf of suffering women and children is a crime in the eyes
of the Canadian Government, and an American's appeal to
his own government in the cause of humanity is qoycotted."
Following is the letter sent to Pearson'~ by the Chief Press
Censor for Canada :
You r telegram lo Postmaste r General referred lo me. Pearson's
Magazine forbidden circula tion in Canada because it published com·
munications a nd reports concerning the operations of the present
war and the movements of the forces of His Majesty and of His
Majesty's allies, and commented upon the policy of the governmen t
of a neut ral state, such communications and reports being likely lo
cause disaffection lo His Majesty, to prevent, hinder or interfere withthe success of the allied forces by land or sea and lo prejudice His
Majesty's relations with a foreign stale or othe.Wise assist or encourage the enemy, and to p revent, embarass or hinder the successful
prosecution of the war. As to failing to give you warning, I do not
presume to dicta te lo publications printed in foreign countries.
E~NEST
J. CHAMBERS
Chief Press Censor for Canada.
Reply from Pearson's
The following letter was sent in reply by the Pearson
Publishing Company:
October 28, 1916.
Mr. Ernest j . Chambers, Chief Press Censor for Canada.
Ottawa, Canada.
Dear Sir- 1 have your wire advising us why Pearson's
Magazine has been excluded from the Canadian post. I thank
you for your very prompt response and I wish to express the
regret of all connected with this magazine that this action has
been taken by your government.
The people of the United States hold- a variety of opinions
concerning the European war, depending on previous racial
birth, ulterior financial interests and the propaganda of the
so-called capitalist press. Our financiers and munition manufacturers have profited immensely by the war, and, inasmuch
as this profit has come directly from sales of ·munitions and
supplies to the allies and by loans to the allied governments,
the ultra-capitalist interests of the country are in consequence
pro-ally. The big daily papers are either oivned by these same
capitalist interests or effectually controlled so that our daily
food in the way of news and propaganda has ·all been favorable to the allies. On the other hand, there is a pro-German
party, backed by a German press and supported by a section
of the English press, which is as violently pro-German. As a
consequence, it has not been possible for our people to be
neutral in thought.
Standpoint of Peanon's
Pearson's Magazine has discussed the war, but never from
a political standpoint-purely an economic one. Our special
writers have been instructed to keep all partisan bias out of
their articles and to discu~s the war only in relation to its
economic phases. In the war ar-ticles which have appeared in
our columns we have pointed out, among other things, that the
German government ha:s done more to make the life of its
working class secure and comfortable than any other government in the world, and we have drawn the conclusion that
this fact is responsible for the intense loyalty of the German
working people to their government and their Fatherland. In
other articles it has been pointed out that the government of
England has done little to raise the standard of living of her
working class, and that this was responsible for the hick of enthusiasm in the enlistment of the English class in the first year
of the war. We have also pointed out that next to the German, the French government has excelled other countries of
Europe in safeguarding the economic interest of its working
class, with the consequent loyalty of the French working people to their government.
When the Irish rebellion came and those who had participated in it were so brutally dealt with by the English government, it gave a moral shock to the people of the United States
- a shock which would have been greater had not the capitalist press of America suppressed the gruesome details. ·
Americans do not and cannot forget that we have erected
a monument at Bunker HiJI to commemorate the deeds of
men who did what the Irish people were trying to repeat at
Dublin. Pearson's Magazine · published some of the facts
about the Irish revolution-:-facts which did not appear in
the American press.
Years ago this magazine adopted this rule of editorial action
concerning all matters of information: ,
First: Is it true~
Second: Is it important that our readers know it?
Your telegram assigning a reason for barring · us from the
Canadian post is a complex mass of verbiage which multiplies
words and says nothing other than to convey the fact that we
are barred from access to our Canadian readers. We therefore
draw the conclusion that we have been barred out of Canada
because we have told the truth, and the truth hurts. It has
been hinted to us from other sources that our mailing privilege
could be restored under certain conditions, but they are easy
to guess: We can get back into Canada if we will agree to
suppress the truth. This we will not agree to do. Therefore,
we are fully prepared to face the fact that we are out of
Canada until such time as the present rulers of Canada are
no longer its rulers.
Very truly yours,
THE PEARSON PUBLISHING CO.
A. W. RICKER.
.:_From the "New York Call."
• • J..-_.. , '
... - ..
~
�Page twenty
a
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
The
Western
Comrade
What Thinkers ·Think
The Substance of Instructive Articles tn October Magazines
HARPER'S MAGAZINE
The Heavens Through a !pectroscope. -Until 1885, aatronomen could
only measure the distance of fixed alan by triangulation. It was then discovered that · the spectroscope !'OI only ahowed what alan were com·
posed of, but also their motion, if in the "line of sight," either towards
you or away from you, by the displacement of the lines of the spectrum
toward the violet or red. Dr. Adams baa recently diacovered a more
effective way, by comparing their absolute brightness with their apparent
brightnen. Certain spectrum lines vary in importance with the absolute
brightness. So close is this relation that the astronomer, when he sees
the character of these particular lines can tell what the absolute brightness is. If then we know the apparent brightness of a star, and the absolute brightness as d'termined by these lines, the difference between them
stated in miles instead of degrees of brichtness, will represent tlie distance
of the star form the earth. Adams has expressed this proc~n · by a numerical formula which he 'te•ted on all the stars- whose distances were
accurately known by trie • ~ulation, and found it well substantiated. This
system can be applied to alan of extremely great distance, for which
the method of triangulation absolutely fails. The new telescope on Mount
Wilson has fifty square feel of light gathering surface, and this extraordinary increase of power should bring great results on these lines of
investigation. The nebulae and sun spots also yield much information
on processes of cosmic evolution. From birth to death we can watch
the stars, for the specl~oscope has opened the windows of heaven and we
are learning to look through them at the universe as it is.-C. G. Abbott.
PEARSON'S
changed portentously. The huge expenditure and huge borrowing are
not without proportional precedent, but the relinquishment of the gold
hoard of the French and German people, at the mere request of their
governments, upsets completely the fundamental principle of old fashioned
political economists, to whom self-interest was the only governing inOueni:e in the actions of communities as a whole. If . they would have
been amazed at this, the "xpedient known as "mobilizing securities" would
have impressed them as something inconceivable. A month ago, the British
Government placed a $250,000,000 loan in New York City, against which
it pledged aa collateral U. S. stocks and bonds, which it had forced out of
the hands of the British investors, who were loath to let go, by a special
.var tax of two shillings on every pound. A third innovation has been
the •ystematic taking over of railways and industries by all the nations
involved. Alao it is not at all certain that these new functions will be
readily laid aside after the war.-Aiexander Dana Noyes.
The Fallacy of the Short Cut in Art Education.--Memory training gives
us parrots instead of citizens; the panacea of the period is .self expression,
but we must not forget the sacredness of our obligation to have something
really worth expressing. Most of us know that teaching is not a put-inand-take-out process, like banking or ..!entistry, and we can understand that
a child is not a child if he is a jar. However, he cannot be left to his
untutored choice. Day and night you safeguard him in his choices in the
material world. How does it happen that you think it safe to give him a
free hand in his spiritual choices. Neither young nor old can reject the
expert in aesthetics. Our advertisements overtop our cathedrals. The
world's art has had of late its staggering recoils, its incredibly fuJile choices. Almost the whole object of education should be to find out wllat one
really and whole-heartedly likes and wants.-Adeline Adams.
The Inside of the Pork Barrel.-The chairman of the Rivers and Harbors , bill admitted that 60 per cent of it was bad, but though ~ou
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
could not bribe those Senators with millions, the threat of not bemg
re-elected frightens them' into supporting navigation according to the_
Binocular Vision.-While insects have many eyes, the higher orders all
new definition " making the public funds flow like water into the pockets
have two eyes. Very few have binocular vision, that is, see the same
of the poor but de•ervin~ rich.'' Back of most of the pr~jec!s is so~e
object at the same time with both eyes. Even the dog centers but one eye
form of Big Business like the Southern Water Power Combmahon, whrch
upon the object of interest. Th evolutionists say that man himself has not
io the chief beneficiary from these government improvements of boatless
yet fully learned this lesson. It is a rare thing to find two eyes exactly
creeks. Mr. Frear, Senator Kenyon and a few others, appeal the case
alike in one person, hence eye-strain, nervous headaches and a shirking of
from a Congress drunk from extravagance, to a people sober, meditative
the effort to combine the il'llages. To do oo is to lose a large part of the
and very discriminating.-Charles Edward Russell.
satisfastion of normal human sight. Close one eye and glance 01,1t of the
window and you will be amazed to see how Rat the field of- vision seems.
Shall the Government own the Munition Plants ?-Government eon tracts
13y reason of the little separation of about two inches from center to cenare very profitable, so munition makers . promote. war scares !o keep their
ter, a beholder possesses a parallax, whereby he exercises stereoscopic
plants busy. The munition makers provrde the hrllmen of lndra, abd ot~er
vision. and . obtains a constant space perception of the objects contem·
tribes with the modern munitions with which to keep up border rards
plated, giving a comprehension oi both their distance and their shape.
which cost England millions, and the chronic revolutionists of Spanish
Hence binocular vision should be insisted on. and the necessary optical aids
America contribute immense sums to this world trust. The threat of the
obtained from a skilled oculist.-Frederick Campbell.
armor plate makers to increase the price of their product by over $200
a ton if the government goes into the business, would be treated as treason
LITERARY DIGEST
if it came from organized labor. Only since commercialism became identified with war has it been demanded that human beings should give
The Negro Moving North.-The South revels in cheap negro labor as
their all, while property should not. only be free from requisition, but
the basis c:;f its prosperity, dwells upon the absence of negro labo r unions,
enjoy collossal benefits as weii.-Frederic C. Howe.
and exults that the negro protects the south from the hordes of foreigners.
Now the negro is moving north by the million, and the south is considThe Story of the National Federation of Poll Office Clerks.-Legislative
ering legislative means to prevent this. If various sections and large in progren for postal employees dates from the moment of their aflili4tion
terests begin to bid for the negro, he will rise in the wage scale, precisely
with organized labor. Since then their salaries have been regulated, they
as have the Hungarians and other races, who now get three dollars a day
have an eight hour law, they have obtained liberty to organize for pro·
for unskilled labor. If the southern negro, finding social and political contection, {the men who achieved the lint organization all lost their posiditions intolerable. were able to migrate to the north. he would have in
tion•) and they come under the workmen'• compensation. act. !heir ~rga·
his hand a weapon as effective as any he could find in the ballot box.
oization now comprises 10,000 membera. A postal employee •• a highly
Thus the negro, a half century after emancipation, is today entering upon
trained apecialiat who can find no other employer if he loaea a job.
a new stage in his progren 'up from slavery.'-Editorial.
Their' big fight now is for a hearing on appeal, before arbitrary dismissal
euta them off from their livelihood. -Frederick Monroe.
Our Future Hybrid Race.-The processes of extinction and fusion of
SaYing Familiea From the Scrap Heap.-The mothera' pension law in
Michigan is doing good work. Afier two yean experience, its scope was
areatly broadened. The expenae is great, but a family kept together generally beeomea aelf supporting; separated, each individual degenerates. It
paya the state better to make the family efficient than to keep up asylums
and priaona.-F ranklin Harvey.
SCRIBNER'S
After Two Yean of War.- The great war haa brought confusion on previous judgment• of national character and previous theory and experience
jp the arl of war, bill e<:onomi~ lll~th9<1t lllld fulancial maehinerr bav~
races have been taking place in America's short history with such rapidity
that they can actually be observed. The spread of man over the whole
of the habitable earth and the development of communication are destroying
isolation aiid are rapidly reducing the hindrances to the amalgamation of
the races. It seems clear that there is destined to be but one race of
mankind in time, a highly hybrid stock, about as homogeneous as the
present European population. The resultant race will have a great variety
of unit qualities to be manipulated in eugenic marriages. Can eugenics
register in human betterment ? Surely, if we will have it so. The ideal of
a race wholesome in its innate character is so beautiful thRt it must win
ita way. Not 'a race of men that are de<:ent because they are restrained
�The
Western
Comrade
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
from following their natural bent, but a race whose natural quality is
wholesome•. who need not so much to restrain, as to develop themselves.-Editorial.
Oar Trade Baratiq ib Jacket.-Goods from abroad are coming in
greater :V~l?me. than. ever before. The world, with one hand tied by military achVJhes, ts d01ng as much work with th~ other hand as was formerly·
done with two hands. Workmen ar~ doing more per hour, the retired
have been summoned to employment, the leisure classes have ceased to be
parasitic, women. have taken up tasks and shown great competence--the
army of the idle. ~as disappeared. All these things have great bearings
on post-war condihons. They suggest that when the armies are mustered
out, there is not likely to be a long period of painful reconstruction. Man
now has · machin~s and has teamed how to co-operate wit11 his feDows. ·
- Editorial.
THE FRA
Tt.e New Woman and Business.-The new woman ·remains a true woMan,
hut she is going to insist on being a woman in more places; and more
of the time and on a bigger scale than she has wanted to before. She
" going to appropriate the streets and railway trains, hotels and city baU.,
•md make a city as snug as a collage. The touch that pulls any particular man together from the beginning of the world is going to be the
touch that pulls all men together. Labor and Capital-those two gr~ve,
' olemn, old he-fools-have blundered into nearly everything that is the
matter with them today because the things any woman 'Would think of in
male human beings, the litttle big things a woman sees and plays on in
human nature, have been passed over.- Gerald Stanley Lee.
Page twenty -
forward exultantly.. to "trade. wan and tar!~ wars." ·"We, the working
people, are not gomg to let tt be supposed he declared "that we countenanced our entry into this · terrible· war ·for the purpose of capturing German trade," apd the decl•ration was enthusiastically applauded. Lord
Bryce has also expr"!~ tne •.ame. idea. . Many men in Great Britain, be
says, have heen anxtously considering the subject of the prevention of
future wars. A trade war would prolong, would embitter afresh, those
hatreds that Qught to be allowed to die, and it o.asllGle• a continuance
of tho~e very things from which we expect our victory lo deliver us
once for aii.-Editorial.
'
CURRENT HISTORY
A Silent Rev~lation io Eocland. -The British are not a nation as the
French are a nation because the revolution of social equ~lity h~s never
yet been made. The great ·mass of the nation ue not fighting even now
for an England which is themselves, but for an England which inherits
noble traditions a~d fine qualities, but which is separated from them by
th~ imp~lpable barrier of ~aste. This separation has , been wonderfully
bndged m the trenches. ltfe seems wider and more impersonal. Rank
and caste count. for less. All have suffered alike and all have served alike.
an_d. all have the same world to live in and repair. Social superiority and
prtvtlege must give way to common humanity and common sacrifice.
- Editorial.
THE OUTLOOK
The South: Backward and Sectional or Progressive and · National.-lf
the test of a section is "not where it stands, but how it is moving,'~ the
South is unmistakably progressive. and no section of America is more
ATLANTIC
broadly national and patriotic. In a schoolroom in Dixie the pictures of
Washington,
Lincoln and Lee hang on the walls, and no Southerner regrets
The Criers of the Mosical Shop.-"We catch glimpses of vast vistas
that we are in the Union and ·not in the confederacy. There is no section
where dissonance is king; slow iron twilight in which trail the enigmatic
where commercialism and lust for money are .Jess rampant, where the
figures of another world; there are often more moons than one in the
public service bas been freer from graft and corruption, or where such .
this
blood-red skies of his icy landscapes." "Cacophany rules,
notable progress has been made in grappling with the whiskey evil. North
episode is repulsive in its aural cruelty
.
.
Often we cannot hear
Carolina was the first slate to establish a regular official department to
Richard Strauss is the musical
the music because of the sco re
help farmers in marketing their crops and the first to establish rural credit
enchanter of our day
What a gorgeous, horrible color scheme
unions. As to negro lynchings, it is probable that there have been as
is his. He has a taste fOI sour progressions, and every voice in his ormany of these proportionally to the negro population, North as South.
chestral family is forced to "'sing impossible and wicked things." "The unsophisticated perceptions of, children, half-witted human creatures and of · No Jllorthern state has made more progress wi th regard to compulsory ..
school attendance than the South has in the last five years,- Ciarence Poe.
animals
having rid himself of experience, of learning, of ·tradition
Thus boast the musical critics of the day in books
LITERARY DIGEST
published by reputable houses. One was written by an Oxford professor.
The Coming Medical System.-Apparently Dr. Cabot is not alone amof)tl
The remedy for this sort of thing is a sense of humor. and genuine culeminent medical authorities in believing that the downfall of the individual
ture can comfort itself with the fact that music cannot say these things.
fee system is at hand, and that some kind of corporate regulation of health
Emotion and imagery are not thought . and language alon< can convey
will succeed it. Health insurance is now compulsory under government
id~ns.-Sherlock Bronson Gass.
auspices in Great Britain. How are physicians to be paid under ;the new
Our Jtelations With Great Britain.-lbe liberal party in England has
<ystem? The lodge system of so much per person per year is an encouralways been friendly to the United States, and in harmony with its ideals,
agement to careless work . Payment per visit, while it affords more conbut the present coalition government is controlled by the army and navy.
siderate care for the patient, has the disadvantage of being very costly.
the social castes which are hostile to all democratic ideas. The Liberal
Another solution is the employment of salaried physicians. It will require
party accepts the modern thesis that International law rests on the consent
earnest study to evolve an organization which will do no injury to the
of those interested, and not simply on the will of the mightiest. This rule
profession and will improve the medical service available to the American
was embodied in the declaration of London, and at the ousel of the war
wage-eamer.-Editorial.
President Wilson suggested that all should accept .this treaty at least for
WORLD'S WORK
the duration of the war. The British cabinet however decided that there
Chemistry and Preparedness.-ln some of our chemical ind~tries the
was to be no sea law, and the "scrap of paper" on which Britain promised
United States has only been able to deliver five per cent of its war orders;
fair play at sea, has been torn up. The doctrine that might makes right,
if we were at war ourselves we would be helpless. Even if we had the
which they pronounce immoral when their enemies apply it on land, someplants, one single act of an untrained employee might stop work for months
how becomes justifiable for them at sea. The confiscation of bunker coal,
and cause terrific disasters. • The Germans, by developing t~eir coal tar
the closing of the Suez canal, the blockading of neutral coasts, and interproducts established plants which could manufacture explosives io lime·
ference with neutral mail, are all damaging to the interests of neutral
of war. Nitric acid is of fundamental importance in war time and we gel
nations. and profitable to British commerce. Great as are some of our
it from Chile. It is equally important as a fertilizer in time of peace and
new fortunes," they are not to be compared with those that are piling up
we can produce it by water power by the 'arc' or the cyanide proceia.
in the belligerent countries. The Censor does not allow the people of
What we need moo) is a trained army, trained to ideals of service worthy
England to know these things. They think that the Germans are pre·
of
this Republic. We have spoken enough of rights, let us speak of duties.
venting us from sending relief to Poland, everyone else felt that this obLet each man and woman give at least one year's work to our Republic,
struction came primarily from London. They say "Oh, the neutrals, they
and so earn the right to vote. They could develop great public works U.d
have no reason to complain, they are getting rich." But the greatest
great national resources and would be trained for efficient oervice jn time
prizes are going to the shipping .companies, the coal owners, the bankers
of war.-L. H. Baekeland.
and the food speculators of Britain. It has been easier for us to remain
neutral than it would have been if the English had kept their heads level
POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY
and refrained from "hitting below the belt."- Artbur . Bullard.
. Haraeuinc the Sun.-Mr. Shuman has erected a sun-power plant near
THE NATION
Cairo, ·which raises water quickly tc;> the boiling point. As water is heated
the molecules vibrate faster and move in longer paths. The pressure of
The End of the War and After.-The divisiorr of Europe into two sets
steam is due to millions on milions of infinitesimal molecules. At what
uf economically hostile nations will be opposed by the English instinct
te,.;perature the molecules will Ry off depends on the pressure to which
for fair play, humanity and uprightness, which has already found striking
expression in the words of the President of the British Trades Union Con- · the liquid is subjected. Mr. Shuman bas designed an engine for he express
purpose
of utilizing steam at a low preosure as produced by the solar
waos, who spurns for the workinsmen of Britain the attitude of those,
method. --Waldemar Kaempffert.
who "..,nie frorn sordid motiveo , ot!.en from ~ clwire for reven.ge," look
00
00
\
\
,I
�Tbe
The Western Comrade
E..t.en•d as .__t-dau matter Ncwt:nl>er 4th. 1916. at
pool -.:.,
at llauo. Califomia. uudor Act of
ch }, 1879.
~
PUBLISHED EACH fllOIITH AT LI.AJW, CAUFOIOOA
SUscripfin Price YJiy Cab a y.,.
CuadWo Rate 75c a Tear
Mllllaging E'Gtor.
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE
Editor.
Conbibana, Eddon
ROBfRT K. WilLIAMS
A. CONSTANCE AUSTIN
MILDRFD G. BUXTON
DR. JOHN DEQUER
QJNTON BANCROFT
. WESLEY ZORNES ERNEST 5. WOOSTFR . .
. . Busin~ Manager
In making change of address always give your formet" one io that the
mailing departm~t may ~".. certain the right name ia bein'g -~anged. _
VOL. IV
NOVEMBER, 1916
No. 7
=====--=o.=...- -·-LLANO IS MONEY ORDER POST OFFICE
Many of our aubacriben complain llaat Poalmaalen tell th"em that
Llano ia not a money order otlice. Thia ia aot trae. Uaao baa been
a money order otlice for moatha. laaiat on haria1 money orders
iuaed to Llano, California.
The Food We Eat
Continued from page
zo
by the tissues direct. Later in this series we will revert to
this again, under the head of "food chemistry." There are
two great classes of food tl'lat the student of life must carefully
consider. They are the proticels (nitrogenous foods) and
the carbo-hydrates. Nitrogen is a very active element. Dynamite is an instance in point. When we want to train men for
great strength and endurance, such as the prize ring, we put
them on a nitrogenous diet; in training athletes, starch, sugar.
fats and liquids are avoided, while rare meat, eggs, stale bread
and oatmeal gruel are freely given. Nitrogenous fooo gives
strength; non-nitrogenous food gives weight and heat.
Therefore, in selecting a scientific diet, the bodily activity
of the person should be taken into consideration. Fat, oils,
sugars and starches are heat and weight producers. They may
be given freely to lean people in low temperatures. To those
who are inclined to be stout, lean meats, cheese, eggs, milk,
stale bread, together with appropriate exercise, should be pre~cribed.
But- whatever happens-do not become a diet
crank, and worry your brain as to what to eat, and when.
Guard yourself against over-indulgence at all times, and the
result will be that, with an appropriate amount of exercise
and cleanliness, you will be able to digest almost any kind of
wholesome food. Nature is, after all, the wise physician, and
when she warns us through pain that a substance "is harmful,
· it is wisdom on our part to heed.
This department of the WESTERN COMRADE is at all
times ready to answer any question with regard to health
and the care of the body. confidentially to those who enclose
a ~tamp for reply.
-o--
Most of the sickly sentimentali~ about Americanism and
~tars and stripes is only the direct and ever apparent excuse
for the protection of men and interests and measures that
stand again t everything that flag s.tands for.
-Dr. Preston Bradley.
estera C ara e
Vitriol and Violets
What Readers S.y About
at The
The Western Comrade
Read in
To the Western Comrade and its Readers:
In yow issue of October, 1916, you have an editorial b
Comrade Harriman on sUiplu production and the present
world war. The said article is so dose to the ubstance of
a statement I made in August, 1914, just after the war broke
out, that I desire to repeat it to the readers of the COMRADE.
coupled with a furt:hei statement I am now making in my
present campaign.
I then stated, ..If the war could only last 90 d ys that
thereafter it co'uld not be checked or stopped until it had
exhausted the governments involved and levelled all of the
thrones of Europe and cancelled all their public debts, and
possibly all their private debtS."
Then after our money lords loaned the $500,000,000 to
the allies I revised the statement, adding, "And when the
crash comes it will take down to ruin with it the whole financial system of the United States.:·
In that contingency America will be placed in the position
that Comrade Harriman pictures the people ·of Europe would
have been placed in "had they marched against their own governments in their palmy days of power, with all their resources conserved." And his forecast "death or galling slav•
ery" will face us for solution with the · possibility of a bloody
holocaust as the central attraction of .a theatrical staged on
the Western continent. As soon as the election is over every
citizen that desires to avoid that possibility must become a
member of a closer and more compact political organization
than this country has ever known heretofore. If not or•
ganized in peace we will spill blood in strife. The reaction
hinted at by both of the capitalist political parties recognize
this very possibility and capitalism is preparing to rule "or
ruin even though death and devastation spread their pall of
darkness over the land. Will we, the advocates of peace, get
organized to meet this contingency?
W. Penn Collins, Boulder, Colo.
What Our Mail Brings
Comrades:- .
Sometime ago I received a copy of the WESTERN COM·
RADE, and after reading, I feel very much interested in the
Llano Colony. While I am not at present in a position to take
an active part with you, I would like to keep in touch with
what you are doing, and know no better way to do so than to
take the COMRADE, and the LLANO COLONIST. Will
therefore enclose seventy-five cents, for a year's subscription.
R. P -- . Chico, Cal.
Yours very truly,
Mr. Robt. K. WiJiiams, Llano, Cal.
Dear Comrade:While I was in Llano about two months ago in company
with my brotlier and nephew, you asked me to write you per•
sonally regarding my impression of the Colony on my return.
I have had an opportunity to hear the other aide of the question, but this has only strengthened my faith in the colony plan
as the entering wedge which will eventually split aaunder the
capitalist system.
Of course, this might have been different had I not visited
�1hr
Wt· .. tr r n
fn m1nrlr
Llano, and there seen what_ a_comparatively small number of
determined comrades have already accomplished.
Fraternally,
W. F. K--, Nevada.
~
Walter Huggins, 4106 Gladys Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, who
visited the Colony several months ago, finds that interest is
keen in the Middle West. He receives many letters and is
directing a niimber of interested persons toward Llano. Comrade Huggins is as enthusiastic as ever and is advertising
the Colony extensively among those interested in co-operation.
~
Mrs P - - and I spent several days in the Llano del Rio
Colony and found it to be far better than it was represented to
us, though our daughter had visited Llano and had painted its
picture in pretty strong colors to us.
The spirit is magnificent. Though the work day is supposed
to be but eight hours, we found many of the men putting in
many additional hours, though they received no credit and expected none. When a crew was desired to pick apples on a
neighboring ranch on Sunday in order to save a portion of the
crop, plenty of men responded; many more would have liked
to have gone, but had the excellent excuse of having other
necessary work to do. The work being done is inspiring, and
co-operation as practised in Llano is the soundest business
principle that I know anything about. I believe that the development will go ahead with far greater speed than if individuals were to attempt it. In fact, this is amply proven by the
settlers who take up land and fail miserably. So strong is the
example of success set by the Llano Colony that many of the
unsuccessful neighbor-s are anxious to turn in their holdings
and take stock in the Llano del Rio Colony.
Both of us are del~ghted with the progress made and the
sound management of the Colony. It is a revelation and the
days we spent there went all too rapidly. We saw all we could
see in the time and were thoroughly satisfied, but we could
have spent many more days and still not have seen all of the
interesting things there were to see.-Mr. and Mrs. C. P.
(Mr. and Mrs. P- - were so well pleased that they have
taken out memberships, and expect to return in a month or
$iX weeks and become permanent residents.)
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP. MANAGEMENT. ETC.
OF THE WESTERN COMRADE. OCT. 1st. 1916
Published monthly at Llano, California.
Managing Editor: job Harriman, Llano, Cal.
Publisher; job Harriman. Llano, · Cal.
Editor : Frank E. Wolfe, Llan,o, Cal.
Business Manager ; Ernest S. Wooster. Llano. Cal.
Owner; job Harriman, Llano. Cal.
Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders
holding one per cent or more of total amounts of bonds. mortgages, or other securities; None.
(Signed) jOB HARRIMAN.
Sworn to and subscribed before me this third day of
November, 1916.
F. H. CHAMBERLAIN.
Notary Public in and for the County of Los Angeles, State
of California. (My commission expires May 19. 1920.)
CLASSIFIED
ADS
Space in this column: Twenty 6ve cents a line, payable in advance.
TI\NNER WANTED.- TANNER WHO HAS HAD EXPERIENCE AND
can give suitable references as to ability.
Communicate with the Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
FOR SALE.-BREEDING RABBITS. BELGII\NS. NEW ZEALANDS. AND
Flemish Giants. We can supply all aae• up to eight months. For further
information addren Rabbit Department, Llano del Rio Colony, Uano. Cal.
Comrade and
Coloni~
Clubs
LLANO COLONIST................................................SOc
WESTERN COMRADE...........................,............ :.SOc
BOTH FOR..................................................7Sc
t]l COMRADE or COLONIST with your choice of
The National Rip Saw or the American Socialiat, 7Sc
t]l Pearson's Magazine with the COMRADE OR
COLONIST, $1.7S; All Three for $2.00.
t]l LLANO COLONIST or WESTERN COMRADE
for One Year, with One Year's Subscription to the-Regular Our
.
Pnce Price
Appeal to Reason $1.50 $1.25
Milwaukee Leader 4.50....4.25
Manes
2.00 1.75
To Days
1.00 .75
Inter. Soc. Review 1.50 1.25
Regular Our
Price Price
N.Y. Call (daily) 3.50 3.25
N. Y. Call (Sun.) 2.50 2.2S
Call,daily and Sunday with
Comrade and Colonial
........................ 6.00 5.25
tjj Add 25c to any of the above clubs for BOTH
the COMRADE AND the COLONIST.
tjj Add 35c to any combination less than $1.00, or
25c to any of $1 or over, and receive a SOc StatueHe
of HENRY DUBB with his "Llano Smile."
tjj
Add 50c for Socialist Campaign Book.
NOTE: These rate• subject to change at any time without
notice.
Christmas Combination
WESTERN COMRADE ................SOc
LLANO COLONIST ......................SOc
STATUETTE OF HENRY DUBB SOc
TOTAL VALUE..........................$l.SO
ALL
FOR
$1.00
HENRY DUBB is the creation of the Llano Art Studio. It
is cast in plaster and ia the typical figure popularized by Ryan
Walker, the Socialist cartoonist.
Mrs. Mary Fox, the sculptress at Llano, has conceived the
idea of showing Henry with his usual doleful expreuion and
also with the LLANO SMILE. The back of the head of Henry
Dubb has been made into a face. The •latuctte stands about
four inches high and is useful as match holder or tooth pick
holder, or ash tray for a smoking set.
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
''
�~stern
The
Page thirty
Book Reviews f.
The Color of Life.-Emanuel Julius.
Concise, dramatic flashlight photographs, the record of a
very wide experience joined to the ability to see or imagine
the possibility of tragedy in the meanest and most forlorn
lives. As an antidote for smugness and satisfaction-withthings-as-they-are, this book is most highly to be commended.
He brings a keen wit and delicate irony to bear on many
strongly contrasted situations; the public executioner who cannot bear to step on an ant; the genius slowly nagged to death
by an unsympathetic 'helpmeet;.' the sociological grafter who
knew how to play on the prejudices of a conservative community; and the reformer, reformed by prosperity into a defender of vested interests, whether or no. "The Journey" is
worth the price of the book. "The Eternal Triangle'.' and " The
Lonely Girl" a re exquisitely delicate examples of insight into
the psychology of imagination. "Tragedy" and "A Patron of
Art" and- oh! many of the stories make you want to start
right out and straighten things up. By all means be a committee of one. Get a copy of the book and send one to
a friend.
Our National Kitchen.-Anna Agnes Maley.
A very clear and simple presentation of the fact that a
woman's sphere is the home, and that the home is the place
where she a nd her husband and children live. It is largely
true that they only cal and sleep inside the four walls which
they call the Home, a nd that their life goes on in the larger
environment outside of those walls. Why the housekeeping in
that environment is so poor, and what can be done about it,
are explained with much wit and lucidity in this little volume.
However well informed you may be on these subjects you will
enjoy reading this presentation of the case for its humor,
intensity and fairness .
The American Labor Year Book, 1916.
A very valuable book to distribute among such of your
fr iends as may be capable of thinking. It is difficult to open
it anywhere without coming upon an array of facts of startling and engrossiflg interest. It would seem impossible for
anyone to look through it without having their eyes opened
to the real status of the civiliz:>.tion of which we boast. It is
also invaluable as a book of reference, as it gives both a history of important labor and socialist movements, a mass of
tabular data and excellent articles describing the plans a nd
ideals of various progressive movements. The articles on
education and community centers a re particularly valuable.
as indicating the lines on which individuals can "start something," in almost any environment.
The Human Scrap Heap.-Anthony M. Turano.
Mr. Turano's brilliant and dramatic little pamphlet gives
a very concise statement of the great world problem "the
shifting sands beneath the State." A standing army of unemployed that never goes below four millions and rises to
ten millions in hard times, and two million children working
when they ought to be growing a nd learning constitute the
human scrap heap. Mr. Turano shows that unemployment is
not the result of choice or laziness as any advertisement of
"hands wanted" is sure to bring hundreds of applications.
He proves from go ernment reports that the statistics of crime
rise and fall as opportunities for work are plentiful or deficient, and that the average wage of the worker is $268 less
than the lowest estimate of the living Wilie.
Comrad e
)
Increased RatePearson's $1.50 a year
The rate went up on November I st, but we are
able to make this special combination rate :
Pearson's, regular ,......$1.50
Western Comrade OR
Llano ColonisL. ............. .50
Both for
$ 1.75
Pearson's, The Western Comrade
AND The Llano Colonist; All Three......
$2 •00
PEARSON'S
-The Magazine that prints facts which no magazine depending on advertising could "afford" to
print.
-The Magazine that prints in each issue th e
truth about something of vital interest to you.
- The Magazine which is supported by its reader~
a nd not by its advertisers.
-The Magazine which handles public questions
fearlessly- And yet which prints delightful and enterta ining fiction for the entire family.
WESTERN COMRADE. LLANO CAL.
Subscription Post Cards
For the WESTERN COMRADE and the LLANO
COLONIST. t]J Cards of two styles. Those selling a t 50c each are for either the WESTERN
COMRADE or the LLANO COLONIST.
t]J Those selling at 75c each are special Combination ca rds for both publications.
t]J SPECIAL RATES: Six SOc Cards for $2.50 ;
Six 75c Carda for $3.75; Three SOc Cards and
Three 75c Cards for $3.25. tlJ This offer is good
only fo r a limited time.
WESTERN COMRADE. LLANO. CAL.
Do You Like To Draw?
CARTOONISTS eam big money. Our modern up·lo-dale home oludy
melhod can leach you lhis well paying p rofession al a low cosl. Send 4c
for illuslraled bookie! and sample lesson plale.
LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING
41 5c Thorpe Building, Los Angeles. Cal.
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN &
Attorneys at law
921
Hi&&W
Buildina
LEVIN
�( 1 lfJ
..
"THE COLOR OF LIFE"
Installment Members: l
The New Book- just Out
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Propaganda in stories from real life; they teach
while they entertain.
The price of "The Color of Life" is Fifty cents.
With the WESTERN COMRADE. OR the
LLANO COLONIST. $1.00
ALL THREE FOR $1.25.
The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is in the mal
for figs, prunes, peaches, raisins, etc.
You can assist in puttiug us in touch with tr
who have them.
«] The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is at prt
in need of
10 Tons of Alfalfa Seed
A Carload of Wheat
Dairy Cows and Range Stock
Angora and Milk Goats
Sewing Machines suitable for Factory Work
Tanning Ontfit
(jj We are now in a position to make immediate
use of many articles and machines which have
not been practicable for us heretofore.
t]J You are invited to correspond in regard to
the needs listed above.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY, LLANO CAL.
"THE PEST"
"ADOLESCENCE" and "SLUMMING"
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Three Clever Plays
Something to smile at when you read. or to roar
at when you see them played-yet they'll give
you something to ponder over, too.
Eugene V. Debs says of Emanuel Julius:
He has a most interesting style and all of his matter has
life in it and pith, and appeals strongly to the reader.
You'll make it a great deal stronger than that wh~n you've
read "THE PEST:· one of the most lucid, straight-from-the
shoulder thmgs eve r put into print. The others are just
as good a nd they all come in the same lillie booklet.
Socialist Christmas Present
(jj Send your Friends the WESTERN COMRADE
and the LLANO COLONIST.
(jj The WESTERN COMRADE is 50c a Year, 25c
for Six Months.
(jj The LLANO COLONIST is 50c a Year, 25c
for Six Months, IOc for Two Months.
fJl BOTH of them for One Year for 75c to one
name and address.
(jj Make your checks or money orders payable to
Llano del Rio Pub. Dept., and address Llano, Cal.
PRICE TEN CENTS
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
Photo Post-cards of Llano
The Industries, Views, Scenery, Activities, taken
from actual photographs.
5 cents each; 55 cents a dozen
SOUVENIR CLUB, LLANO, CAL.
New Rugs from Old Carpets
(jj Don't throw your old carpets away-they are
still good. Have new rugs made from them, beautiful and durable rugs. Old Chenille Curtains and
table covers can also be used in
Llano Rewoven Rugs
Would You Like
to Reduce Weight?
(jj Old Ingrain, Brussels, Moquette and Velvet
rugs or carpets can be re-woven into rugs suitable
for any home.
_
(jj Rag Carpets, Rugs, and Art Squares also
woven, every size and style.. Ask about beautiful
LLANO POSJ~RUGS .
(jj Write for descriptive pamphlet and prices.
Send For This Successful Treatment
"Obesity---Its Cause and Correction"
(jj One user of this treatment reduced from 150
pounds to 117 pounds and found improved health.
Many others have used it with satisfactory results.
NO MEDICINES OR DRUGS USED
Complete $5.00 Course Now Only $3.00
because there is no rent to pay at Llano. For full
information write to
Mrs. C. M. Williams, Llano, Califom~a.
l>lain 619
Home A 2003
A . J. STEVENS
DENTIST
306 South Broadway, Los Angdes, Cal.
Room Sl4
We pay fr.tght one way on orders amountlnll" to $0.00.
Ship Direct to the Rug Department
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, PALMDALE, CAL.
)
(jj GET A LLANO RUG FREE. These beautiful
Rugs are 27x54 inches and come in red, blue,
green, and other trimmings. Artistic, durable, and
suitable for any home, they are very desirable
premiums.
tj The Circulation Department will
give one FREE for
25 Subs. to the WESTERN COMRADE at 50c
25 Subs. to the LLANO COLONIST at 50c
20 Comrade and Colonist Combinations at 75c
Circulation Department, Llano, Cal.
..
�/
,.
:~,·
2 ·o0 0
A Llano del Rio M~mbership is.. to be
Given Away to the Person who Sends
'
in the Greatest Number of Subscriptions
THE WESTERN COMRADE or THE ;;.;~,;:._;~~~,.~~-::--:"'..., ~·-=~=: -·
ANO COLONIST between ! January 1 l July 1, 1917. It Will Be Absolutely
11
8
FiR-IErE
=
Other Valuable Premiums
Every Contestant Who Sends In TEN •Subscriptions Receives a Premium
FIRST PRIZE
$1,000 Membership in the Llano del Rio Colony
SECOND PRIZE
$500 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
THIRD PRIZE
t]l Send in your name al once. The Contest will
be held if a sufficient number sign up to justify
it. Those who wish, may begin sending in subscriptions AT ONCE a nd they will be credited
in the Contest. Subscription cards will be credited at the time they are purchased.
t]! All who do not win major premiums will be _
given valuable considerations that will ma ke
their time well spent. Even though you may
not send in enough to win any of the prizes,
your efforts will be rewarded.
$200 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
FOURTH PRIZE
$100 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
NExT FOUR PRIZES
$50 worth of Llano del Rio Stock
Totalling $2,000 In All.
tJ Those not winning major premiums, yet who
send in more than TEN subscriptions will be
awarded valuable prizes. These will range
from statuettes of Henry Dubb to more valuable
ones, depeiiding on the number of subscriptions
turned in.
t]l Here is the opportunity to win a membership
in the greatest co-operative enterprise in the
world. It is worth more than an automobile.
It is worth more than a · house a nd lot. It is
worth more than a trip around the world. It is
worth more than a n insura nce policy.
tJ
Don't wait! Sign up a t once ! Get full particulars on the Grand Membership Circulation
Contest. Only those who mdicate that they
wish to enter the contest will have their subscriptions counted for prizes.
Contest Depends on Having 100 Entrants by
_January 1. Send Your Name at Once
......................... ,............................ (Cut Out and Mail to Us At Once) ..................................................... .
WESTERN COMRADE AND LLANO COLONIST:
I enroll as a contestant in your GRAND MEMBERSHIP CIRCULATION CONTEST which is to
be held provided 99 others enter. Please send me full information.
Name.................................................... .............................. .. .
City ................................................ .
State................................................ Street or R. F. D.............. .................................................. .
or P . 0. Box ........................................................... .
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Western Comrade, 1916-11
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Western Comrade
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This Issue Contains:
Editorials on Live Subjects .
The Story of Boyland .
Building a Socialist City
Woman After the War
The Llano I Saw
The Soul of Sing Lee (Fiction ) .
Following the Water
By Job Harriman
By Prince Hopkins
By A. Constance Austin
By Agnes H. Downing
By Walter Huggins
By Helen F ranees Easley
By Robert K. Williams
· Illustrations and· articles showing the progress and development of the
Llano del Rio Co-operative Community.
-
I
October 19161
�~ ·
'
1 The Gateway
To Freed·o m
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony is situated in
the beautiful Antelope Valley in Los Angeles County, California. The Colony lies close to the Sierra
Madre range where an abundance of clear, sparkling
water from mountain springs is sufficient" to irrigate
thousands of fertile acres. The climate is mild and delightful. the soil is fertile , and markets a:re not far
distant.
The Llano del Rio Colony ts a horticultural, agricultural. and stock-raising enterprise, with such manufacturing as will supply the needs of the colonists, with perhaps something to sell when the Colony has grown
sufficiently. Nearly 800 already live in Llano·, and thou··
sands plan to come." Excellent schools, among them the
Montessori taking charge of children 2Yz years to 6
years of age, a delightful social life, and freedom from
economic worries, make the Colony attractive.
T
LLANO OFFERS YOU ESCAPE FROM
liE elec tric light bill, the water bill. the doc tor's bill. the dru g
bill. the telephone bill. the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
l·ill. t~c school book supplies bill. the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the tro uble is individual h a rd luck) .
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdeus on the house holder, and the lean weeks caused by disemployment ar)d the con sequent fear of the future. There i' no landlord and no rent is
charRed.
While they are charged with living expenses, for food and cloth ing, the colonists never · fea r meeting the grocery hHI. the milk,
the clothing bill, the laundry bill, the bu tcher's bill. and other
inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he h as no fear. The colony
officials attend to the details of a ll overhead. To colonists the
amusements, sports, pastimes, d~nccs, entertainments and a ll cdu ·
cationa1 fa cilities arc free.
T
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management tha t is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the colony industries are in the h ands
of the various department manage rs. There a re about twen ty-five
of these departments and in each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions arc foremen . All these arc selected
for their experience a11d fitness for the position. At the managers
meetings as many persons as can crowd in the room are a lways
present. These meetings are held every night a nd they are unique
in that no motions are ever made, · no resolutions adopled and no
minutes are kept. The last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoo thly. At these nightly
meetings the work for the next day is planned. teams are a llo tted.
workers a re shifted to the point where the needs are grNiest.
and machinery is put on designated work, transportation is ar·
ranged, wants are made known and filled as near as practiable.
The board of directors, memLr.rs of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise. These directors are
on the same basis as all their comrades in the colony. At the
general assembly all persons over eigh teen years of age, residing
in the colony, have a voice and vote.
.i
M
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of the
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think. in order to
get this information, they must secure a copy of a constitution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a "declaration of principles'' which is
printed below. The management of the Colony rest with the
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
and his lwo assistants. These managers are _selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of,:.,the enterprise a re conducted by the board of directors who a(e elec-~by/J
the stockholders. The corporation by-laws are the ster~ppi'::fi[J'
poration by-laws of almost every • ta te. The only innoval'itin is rn
the restricting of anyone from voting more than 2000 sh ares of
stock. regardless of how many sha res are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
protective clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives the corpora tion the right to transact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well con•trued. There is no disposition on the part of sta te
officials to interfere.
I
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found tha t the fewer inAexible rules and regula tions
the greater the h armony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Co"!munity shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of ac tion is only permissible when it does no t restrict
the libe rty of a nother.
Law is a restriction of liber ty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community a t large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested rn the Com·
muni ty alone.
The individua l is not justly entitled to more land tha n is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest. Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent. and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The development of these by educa1ion
is the gift of the Community to the individual. and the exercise of
~ rea le r ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions, but only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures w ith those of
others can man 'find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
to the greatest degree possible by availing himself of all educa tional
facilities and to devote the whole extent of that abili ty to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed anrl selfishness, lo educate all a nd to aid
any tn time of age or .misfortune.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares a nd credits
like any o ther property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applicatiOns arc not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
expedient to mix races in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the colony's warehouse
until ordered moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid. otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or d emurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
. r
�the sta tion is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. lrt shipping household goods, ' it \viii
be well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight ·
ra tes are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All ·livestock, poult ry, e tc., a re kept in the depart ·
menls devoted to those industries. The aim is to keeo the r,•sidence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
'
SOUND .FINANCING NECESSARY
P
ERSONS cannot be admilled to residence a t the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 o r any o ther sum less tha n the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and. suggest they be allowed to pay a small amoun t. or in some cases, no thing a t all. '
then enter the colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permilled this there would soon be a hundred tho~
sand applica tions.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land, improvements machinery and to carry on the ente rprise
until it is on 4 a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. . The colony
must proceed along sound financial lines in order to ·continue its
present success. This fac t must be obvious to all. 1he management of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fac t that there is a numberless army that canno t take
advan tage of this plan of co-operation. Many lellers come in
tha t breathe !>i ller and deep disappoi)ltmenl. No one could regre t
this more th;m we do. It is our hope that the day will come
"' h('n success ful co-opC'r<tli-. c g roups c:m . sn y _ to !heir stripped, rob-
bed and exploited brothers : "You who come With willing hands
and understan~ing of comradeship and co-operation are welcome."
The installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
mont~ is proving .satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is providin_g for the• future while his brothers and sisters on the
land are bearing the, brunt of the pioneering, Families entering
the colony begin iO draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clothing, much of the material they draw, costs money.
The. initial membership fee goes to offset the sup;>orl of families
until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
• Write today for an application blank, fill it out and send
together with a remittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You ca,n then arrange to pay $10 a month or more until
you can so · adjus t your affairs that you can fl)ake final paymen t and. join your comrade• who have ·a lready borne the first
b runi of pioneering.
TI1e Directors .o f the company are: job Harriman, president;
Frank E, \Volfe, vice-presid~)ll and assistant secretary: G. P .
McCorkle, treasurer; F. P . McMahon, vice-president; W. A.
Engle, secretary; D. J. Wilson, vice-president ; .J. E. 13tum ;
A. F. Snell, a nd Emma J. \Volfe.
LLANO INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
ALREADY ESTABUSHED
New Ones are Constantly Being Added
P rin I shop
Shoe shop
Laund ry
c.~~ "ry
t
I·
!i
.I
I
I
I
I
Cleaning an\:1 Dyeing
Garage
Wareh ouse
Machine shop
Barber shop
Dairy goals
Baths .
Swimming pool
Blachmith shop
.Rug works
P la ning mill
Paint shop
Lime kiln
Saw milf
Dairy
Cabinet shop
Nursery
Alfalfa
Orch ards
Poultry yards
Rabbitry
Gardens
Hog raising
Brick ya rd
Lumbering
Magazine
Newspaper
Bakery
Fish ha tchery
Studios
Hotel
Drafting room
Post office
Cr mmissary
Camping grounds
Industrial school
Grammar school
Montessori school
Commercial classes
Lib ra ry
Women's Exchange
Souvenir club
Two weekly dances
Brass band
Mandolin club
Orchestras {two)
Quartets
Socialist local
Baseball
Lectures by visitors
Views of Lbno's Cannery. Cabine t Shop. Planing Mill and P rint Shop
PLAN OF ORGANIZATION
Following is the plan wbich has proven successful: each shareholder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital
:.lock. Each pays in cash or installments, ~ 1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each receives a daily wage of
$-+. from which is deducted one dol lar for the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living expenses. Wha tever margin he may ha ve: above deduction for stock a nd living expenses is credited to his individual
account. payable out of the surplus profits of the enterpri se. If a n installment member falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, the Colony gives him every opportunity to re cover a nd resume payments. · In no case will he be crowdeel. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will, upon req uest, issue stock for the full amount he has
paid. This is tran sferable and may be sold to his bes t ad van tage. In this we will undertake to assist wherever
practicable. Corporations are not allowed by law to dea l in thetr own stock.
The Weekly Newspaper, 1 HE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news of the .world, of the Socialist movement
a nd of the Labor movement in condensed form . It carries the colony news, etc. The subscription rate is 50c
a year.
Both the Western Comrade and the Llano · C olonist to one name for 75c.
ADDRESS ALL COMMUN ICI\TIONS AND MAKE ALL PAYMENTS TO THE
Uano del Rio Company, Llano, California
---~--------=c=:; -- ---
---- -------------
�Information About The
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
T
HIS is the greatest Community Enterprise ever
launched in America.
The colony was founded by job Harriman and is
situated in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles
County, California a few hours' ride from Los Angeles.
The community is solving the problem of disemployment
and business failure, and offers a way to provide for
the future welfare of the workers and their families.
Here is an example of co-operation"in action. Llano
del Rio Colony is an enterprise unique in the history
of community groups.
It was established in an attempt to solve the problem
of unemployment by providing steady employment for
the workers; assure safety and comfort for the future
a nd for old age; to gua ra ntee educaiion for the children in the best school under personal supervision
and to provide a social life amid surroundings better
than can be found in the competitive world.
l
I
I
About 800 persons a re residents of the new city of
Llano, making it the la rgest town in the Antelope Valley.
More than 200 pupils will attend the opening of the
schools this year. Plans are under consideration for
housing pupils in an economical and very healthful manner. The Montesorri school, the la rgest in California,
will be continued as the first step in the school system .
Pupils will be taken through the intermediate work and
given High School training. During the summer a
Vacation School has been conducted in which botany,
domestic sciences, agriculture, biology, la nguages, practical farmin g and other subjects have peen taught in a
very successful manner.
Several industries a re being opera ted by the school,
such as caring for the chickens, milking goats and gardening. To please the children the school has been
named the Sierra Madre colony. The boys build
houses, farm and ta ke care of their own live stock. The
girls learn sewing and cooking. 'The children feed and
partly cloth themselves. Rabbits, chickens, turkeys,
horses, goats, and many pets are owned by the children .
They learn co-operation and develop a sense of responsibility, besides having a good time a nd acquiring an
education . They have 65 acres of garden now and next
year they expect to have more than 100 acres. Their
poultry department will increase the present one thousand or more to 25,000 chickens.
The colony owns a fine herd of 105 jersey and Holstein cattle, besides about 80 head of young stock
ranging from calves to heifers a year and a half of age.
The 75 work horses, large tractor, Caterpillar engine,
three trucks, and numerous automobiles do the heavy
work and the hauling.
Thoroughbred Berkshires, Duroc-Jerseys, a nd Poland
Chinas are in the hog pens. Experiments will demonstrate which are the best suited to Llano. Stock will be
kept pure and high prices will be commanded.
200 head are now on hand.
About
In the rabbitry are about 3000 Belgian and New Zealand Red rabbits. The number will be ultimately multiplied by about ten when quarters are constructed to
accommodate the increase.
The nursery shows thousands of grape cuttings in
the ground, and thousands of shade and fruit trees,
as well as berries.
Honey is a part of each day's food supply. Bee
colonies number 668 and are in charge of expert bee
men. Several thousand stands will be the number in
a few years. They are increasing rapidly.
Among the industries are the la undry, printing plant,
cannery, hotel. planing mill, saw mill, machine shop,
rug weaving plant, fish hatchery, brick yard, lime kiln,
and many others. An ice plant, tannery and shoe factory are expected to be among colon:v industries soon.
By acquiring the timber on a portion of the San ·
Gabriel Forest reserve from the United States government, the securing of lumber for building is made easy.
One million feet will be cut at once, without injuring the
forest.
Farming on a large scale by use of modern machinery
wi th experienced farmers in charge of the different
activities saves labor a nd expense and gains quick
and satisfactory results.
More garden will be planted each year, and each
year's success will become more pronounced as the
adaptabil ity of different species and the resources of the
soil a re better understood. Community gardening is
highly satisfactory.
Social life is delightful. The Llano baseball team has
been victorious throughout the valley. Dancing, swimming, picnicking, camping, hunting, fishing, are popular. Llano boasts of a brass band and several orchestras. Literary entertainments are an established feature.
•
The several hundred acres now in alfalfa are to be
increased by at least 300 acres more this fall ; the land
is now being prepared. This year seven cuttiniS are
confidently expected. Two orchards are producing.
About 400 acres in all are now planted to trees. All
are doing extremely well and are healthy and growing.
More than 26,000 two-year old peach, pear and apple
trees were planted last spring.
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside for
the new city to be built. The brick yard and the lime
kiln a re both running. When it is considered time to go
ahead, the construction of the new city will be commenced. It will be different from any other in the world
a nd will be unique, comfortable, sanitary, handsome,
home-like, modern, and harmonious with their surroundings.
�r
Table of Contents
October, Nineteen sixteen
~i
Rp
Cover Page
Scientific Management of Soils........................_.. 19
The Big sign on the Mountain Near Llano, ·and the
Socialist Candidates, Benson and Kirkpatrick.
The Gateway to Freedom.................................. 2
By Wesley . Zornes.
Woman After the War.. .................................... 20
By Agnes H. Downing.
A Synopsis of the Booklet of the same name
Jnformation About Llano ................................ ' 4
Sta tistical and o ther Information
Editorials .
7
.... 10
By Rober K. Willia111s.
The Story of Boyland ....
By Gray
C. Harrima n.
What Thinkers Think.. ........................... :.. :....... 22
Substance of leadin g articles in leading mngazines.
By Job Harriman.
Following the Water. .....
Facts vs. Fancies............................................. 21
Thou Shalt Not KilL ......
............................. 23
By Florence M. Reynold>-
... 12
By Prince Hopkins.
The Water We Drink.. .................................... 24
By Dr. John Dequer.
Hand Made Rugs .....
....... 14
The Llano I Saw........
Fly Frank L. Wright.
............................. 25
By Walter Huggins.
The Soul of Sing Lee ......
......................... 15
New View of Lla~o....... .. ................................ 28
By Helen F ranees Easley .
Building a Socialist City.......
. ...... 17
By A. Constance Austin.
By Frank E. Wolfe.
What Our Mail Brings... ................................ 30
Irrigation Systems............................ :... ... . ...... 18
By Wesley ZonJt•s.
The Cooks' Corner.. ...... ... .
................ 30
Our Next Issue
The Next Number of The We~em Comrade will be
the "Lumber Number"
Telling, with Pictures, about Llano's New Fifty Thousand Dollar Industry.
Send in Your Bundle Orders for this Issue at Once.
�You'll . be interested
•
·Ill---
Cannery Busiest of Air Mandolin Club Turns Vegetable Wagon
Industries in Llano
Hotel into Cabaret
for the Commissary ·
Deli1·ery o f vegetables direct from
the garde ns to the homes a t leas t three
time s n week is pl a nned by the commissary depa rtme nt , a nd if possibl e
musicia ns in th e Ma ndolin a nd Guitar wi!l be put into operat io n thi s wee k.
Eve ry a va il a ble wom a n a nd child in
Glub trea ted the d iners a t the Ho tel to
Lla no has been ca lled on to work in a_ very pleasan t surp ri se S unday eYethe Ca nn ery durin g the past wee k a nd
Apples, Tomatoes, Peaches and Beans Pleasant Sur.prise Enjoyed by Diners
Demand Attention; Tons of Apples
When Musicians Rehearse
Received to be Placed in Storage;
Without entirely inte ndin g it, the
Many Canned.
SEVEN CROPS ALFALFA TO BE CUT THIS YEAR
Boys Build Wireless to
Send Student Messages
MONSTER APPLES ASTONISH
VISITORS; WEIGH 11/ 2 POUNDS
D. L. Davis. Fred Scott. Cha rl es
Th ree a pples we ighin g a ltoge ther Ferre l, and Alle n Batchelo r ha ve rigWith six c rops of a lfalfa already four pounds a nd a ha lf. an d measged u:> a wire less o ut fit an ::l are studyc ut , C. S. Mill a rr is con fiden t tha t the uring mo re than 14 inc hes across
in g the code with the inte ntion of makse vent h can be cu red this yea r, ma kin g
BOYS PICK BEANS AND
PROVE WILLING WORKERS
LLANO PICKERS WORKING
ON NEARBY RANCH ES NOW EX:>ECT NEW MACHINES
IN PLANING MILL
Excha ngin g iabor for fr ui t with the
With twelve boys to help him , Wes- nearby ranches has take n q uite a c rew
Se1 ;~ ra l new machines a re expected
ley Zo rn es p roved that the picking o f of me n from the col o ny. T hose who for use in the Ll a no Pra nin g Mil l.
veget a bles is no proble m a t a ll in wen t to the Va lye rm o ra nc h are: L. L. a nd nego ti a tions are now under way
------ --------------------~
Llano Is the Only Co-operative City In the World
The Llano Colonist
---------------------------------------------··- - ·- ·- -- -PUBLI SHED .'\T _LLANO. CAI.IFORNIA. SATl)RDAY. SEPTHIBEH 30. 19 16.
.-----~----Read it every week·- COLON IST b ri ngs you all of the deta ilerl ne"·s of the Ll ano
T HEde lLLAI\'0
Llano Souvenir Club
Rio Co lony fresh each week. It te ll s yo u o f the th in gs yo u are
Makes Christmas Plans interes ted in. It re la tes the act ivi ties. the establishmen t a nd d evelop ment
Insta llment members all over the
United States are interested in the upbuildin g of the Colony. It has bee n
LLANO'S WOMEN'S EXCHANGE
I want to tell the readers o f the
LLANO COLON IST a bout the Women's Exchange , one of the ne\vest
New Waterproofing
for Llano Houses
j ohn Benjamin, of Los An gel es.
who expec ts some cla y to become a resident of Ll a no, was a visitor on e d ay
last week. As a pa inter and interio:
of in d ustries . It kee ps you in to uc h with the g reatest co-ope ra ti ve dem'
o nstra tion in the wo rld .
~ EVEi'< DOUBTERS W iLL READ of co-opera tio n 111 act ion. a p ract ical
applica tio n of the prin ci pl es we teach. You ca n get your un con vin cecl
fri e nds to readin g Soc ia lism hy re;;din g the LL/\NO COLON IST a nd thr
WESTERN COMRI\ DE. ·T hey won't listen to abstract <•rgumen t b ui they
will read about how we arr wo rkin!! ou t our thPories. You ca n h'!lp to
brin g Socia lism by ge tti ng subsc ri ptions for the LL/\NO CO LO NIST. Get
up clubs of tria l !wo mo nth s' subscriptions a t leu ce nts eac h .
THE LLANO COLONIST IS ONLY
50(~
A
!---------------------- - -- --------·-·
YEAR
�Political
Action
The Western Comrade
Devoted
VOL. IV
to
the
Cause
LLANO. CALIFORNIA,
of
RBITRATION. What a sweet sounding word! How
remarkable it is that the capitalist who has "nothing to
arbitrate" is dem,_nding a law to compel arbitration!
This is no paradox.
It is a li ve wire with a direct current. Do you doubt it?
Touch it. Your flesh will be seared, and your very marrow
stunned with the shock.
Would they compel themselves to arbitrate?
The workers want to arbitrate but do not want a law.
The capitalists want a law but do not want to arbitrate.
Does this illuminat~ the subject?
Back of every law stands the military power ready to enforce it. Do you see the light?
Who manipulates the army in every strike?
Who would manipu late it in every arbitration?
Now do you see the cat?
-oUITABLE rewards for deser~in g Democrats."
"What a political crime," says Hughes.
That has been the consistent, conscientious policy of ihe •
Republican party ever since the war, in nation and state.
The Democrats have followed the same course with equal
conscience and consistency durin g every inning.
Wha t else can any paTty do?
With what success could party policies be enforced if their
enemies were appoin ted to fill important posts?
Not only would the party voters be disgusted, but the entire
admi nistration would be a rope of sand.
.
No! No! Mr. Hughes ! You are up to your chin in the
mire of campaign bunkum . Blow agam, there was a false
note in your bugle .
-oLA. IDER i a dreadf~l serpent. It must strike instant
de :~ th to the character of its victim, or it will turn and
sink its c!eadly fangs in the heart that gave it birth.
-oput peace above duty, honor, righteousness, shows
not only a craven , but an evil spirit."
These are the sentiments of Roosev~lt on preparedness.
Peace. duty. honor, righteousness, are one and inseparable.
He who ,. ould epa rate them to the end that millions may
be slaughtered in w~r. not only has a craven and evil spirit,
but he is diabolical in every impulse.
"S
S
"To
Workers
OCTOBER. 1916
Editorials
A
the
No.6
By Job Harriman •
F
OR many decades. previous to the E•.uopean war, it was
thought that the social revolution wou ld begin and end
in a titanic struggl~ between the capitalist go~ernments on the
one hand and the working class on the other. It was believed
that the gov~rnment by the classes would be overthrown by
the revolt of the masses. It was argued that the surplus products taken by the capitalist from the workers would eventually become an unbearable burden, and thus force the revolution. How fortunate it was that this theory was wrong. Had
the struggle began between the thoroughly prepared governments on the one hand and the absolutely unprepared hordes
on the other, there would have been a merciless slaughter of
untold millions, and the siege gun, the zeppelin and the shrapnel would have rivetted the chains of slavery upon the remainin g cowed and submissive multitudes. .
-o-
I
N our propaganda we overlooked one fundamental fact.
It seems to have escaped the attention of all writers. That
fact is, that .the surplus product always develops in unmarketable quantities before wages are reduced or the factorier. are
shut down and the workers discharged.
The crisis in the market conditions always have, and by the
very nature of things always must, precede the crisis in the
labor .conditions.
Improved machinery turned out so many more products
than have been consumed that the storehouses of the m"nufacturing world were glutted.
Markets for · these products were imperative. This filet
forced each ·of the powers into .a colonization policy until all
peacable countries were either conquered or peacably colonized. Then the contest carne on beh\;'een the powers for the
world's markets, i11chiding the colonies.
Here i-t must be remembered that the forces contrplliny lhe
government are the merchant and industrial princes.
Being involved in the commercial and industrial stru~le,
and holding the reins of government in their hands, they b-gan
to combine and direct their power against their most ~ngerous foe.
.
For many years England has been mistress of the seai 'nd
the queen of the world's commerce. But it certainly wil' not
be qu~stioned that during the la~t fifteen or twenty years ".ermany has made enormous inroads on th~ commercial t~rr•ory
�EDITORIALS
of the various powers. Every year witnessed new gains by
Germany and corresponding losses by other countries.
It was out of this fact that the world war sprang, and it is
over this fact that the world powers will struggle until their
commissaries are exhausted. The rise in p rices indicate the
scarcity of food, even now. in the world market.
When the food supply is exhausted , and the armies are
hungry. and the governments are impoverished, then the day .
of retribution will be at hand. The teeming millions, armies
and all, will turn to the governments for food. When the
answer comes that there is no fo?d, the darkest hour o f the
world will be on. Crowns will melt, thrones will topple and
governments will go down before the rage of the n~mberl ess
hordes.
Suffering? Yes. such as was never kn;wn before, but not
such as would have been if these millions had marched against
the government in their palmy days of power, with all their
resources conserved. Then death or galling slavery would
have been their sole reward. Now hunger awaits ·them for
a time, but only for a time.
Never again will they return to the condition from which
this nightmare sprang.
The war stands behind them as an impassable barrier, a
night too dark to enter. a tomb too terrible to be remembered.
They will move like an irresistible avalanche over the governments that now are. the merchant and industrial princes
will be no more, the industries now organized by the governments will stand after the storm is over, like great mountains
that have risen out of the turbulent social deep.
Now the governments are organizing the industries for war
purposes. Then they themselves wi ll be the government for
purposes of peace.
This war is the birth pains of new institutions, the firstborn will be the national industries; the second will be an
industrial democracy. The third will be peace a nd good wi ll
toward men.
--o-
How
difficult it is to adjust ourselves to the wa nts a nd
needs of others. At times it becomes impossible for us
to understand even our dearest friends, much less those who
are strangers. Our pathways and experiences in life have
been so different that their earnest demands ofttimes seem
whimsical, childish and unreasonable. We forget that our
wants seem equally ridiculous to them. We can never really
understand each other. Our home life a nd childhood training,
our social customs, our education, our comforts and habits
of food a nd dress, our privileges of travel and standard
of social intercourse are all so different that the mind has no
premise from which to reason and reach an understanding
of those having widely diverging experiences.
it is here that the intellect fails as ·a healing balm to socjal
differences. Far more than the intellect is required for such
adjustments. This is a fittld for the heart and the affections.
lf our sympathies are deep and our affections genuine, we will
j
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Comrade
easily pass by and overlook what seems to us to· be the eccentricities of our friends.
They are not eccentricities at all. They are characteristics
resulting from inheritance and long·· years of experience.
They are . ~rmly fixed a nd intricately interwoven into
their very beings. Cenerally speaking, they are stalwart qualities, if only we could understand them.
But with such, the intellect is helpless. It has no kindred
experience by which to !>e guided. In such matters it can only
in a way contemplate the past and see what it cannot understand.
The affectionate heart does not need expeneuce.
It only loves. It alone can overlook, excuse, forgive, and
say, "Yes, he is a little singular sometimes, but he is a splendid
fell ow." And he is a good fellow. Every pne is a good fellow
to whomsoever is affection.a te. It is the intellect, while striving
to analyze a nd to under la nd, that too often separates, and
keeps us apart. It is the heart that binds us together and
enables us to adjust ourselves each to the other. It can forgive what the intellect cannot understand.
- oE KNOW of no more touching experience 111 life than
the fact that the widow and children of our "-deceased
Comrade Ecklund will be provided by Llano with the comforts
of life. His death does not leave them to shift for themselves in
a heartless wo.rld. They are among · friends. They are o f us.
The vine and fig tree of Llano are ours and theirs. We are
fed and nourished by them. Nor is this mother and her
little ones supported by paltry charity. The children will be
placed in the schools and while they are playing in the garden
or among the poul try and a"nimals they will produce their own
food and at the same time gain a n education and a degree of
culture that could not be acquired in the world beyond our
borders.
What a solace to a broken heart, to know that the ties of
friendship are real and lasting. And what a · comfort to live
free from want and in the heart of a community where social
conditions are ideal, and where the children are free from the .
snares a nd pitfalls o ( an inconsiderate world.
Insurance? Wha t an insurance it is to live in such a haven
of rest and security, where the approha~on of our fellows, the
dearest o f all prizes, is (<laid for the tenderest heart, the clearest
mind and the kindliest disposition.
-o-the ~da.m son law, by ~hich the railroad strike ~a~ averted,
conshtutJOna l? What IS the d1fference whether 1t IS or not?
It will be declared constitutional if Wilson is elected.
It will be declared unconstitutional if Hughes is elected.
In either case the United States military force will be back
of the respective decisions.
Wilson will enforce the decision he favors.
Hugh~s will enforce the decision he favors.
The courts will render the decision desired by the victor.
When is a law constitutional anyhow? Is it when the law is
right?
w
Is
�The
Western
Comrade
EDITORIAlS
Is Wilson right when he is in office, and wrong when he is
out of office?
Is Hughes wrong when he is out of office, and right when he
is in office?
.
What a remarkable standard of right hy which to ·measure
a constitution.
Is every bill of rights dependent on the ' 'bi_g stick"?
Do not be too sure. May be that might is right even under
a Christian administration.
Wilson! Is he not a devout Presbyterian?
Hughes! Is he not a devout Baptist?
If elected, which cheek will the victor turn to the "big
stick... Peace be still. It jar; the altar.
. --<l-
O
URING the last century the industrial and commercial
world has produced a new philosophy of life. Strange
to say. it has produced only one world-wide philosophy.
The first to sound the key-note was Marx. It was in his
mind that the crucial thought of the labor world was crystalliLed. He was the prophet of the working class. He saw that
labor power was the source from which all valuable things flow .
He told the world that the conservation and equal distribution
of this power would solve the social problems.
Everywhere. the economic forces have constituted a constant urge toward the development of this philosophy. The
world over. the working people have acq uired , in some form,
this general concept.
The same thought, less pronounced, and only vaguely
and indefiFlitely worked out, developed just prior to the Christian era. In those days industrial machinery had not been
developed. Commercial enterprises were accordingly sluggish,
and the Roman government found it possible to dominate
with its military force, not only its own people, but also
the neighborin~ nations.
Under this iron hed the workers became dishea rtened; to
them the Roman arms were irresistible and they accordingly
accepted the doctrine of tu~ning the other cheek when the
one was smitten . Christ was the prophet of this philosophy.
It was better to turn the other chP-ek than to die under the
iron heel. Better to live a slave than not to live at all..
Under the rule of the Russian Cossack the same condition
obtained, and ·the same philosophy was springing up. The
philosophy of non-resistance had already been born before
the European war broke out. T olstoi was its prophet.
This philosophy would have spread all over the world
and would have become the soul of a new religion had the
world commercial crisis not resulted in a war between the
powers, especially if the iron heel of the world had been resolved into one tyrannical military force .
But this war will destroy the powers as they now are. The
governments will destroy each other, and open up the way for
the working class to establish a new industrial and commercial
system in which the interests of humanity will be conserved.
Already the workers of the world are meeting in, and taking
possession of the peace palace at The Hague. The Congress
of the World will yet gather there.
.
The federation of the nations will be developed there, and
the new order vviH weave itself about the philosophy of Marx
and the movement that followed his thought.
E
VERY child is born with some particular aptitude or ·
tendency. ·
This tendency is a secret locked up in the child's being.
It has not yet resolved itself into definite intellectual processes
It may slumber there, forever undiscovered. If so, the child's
genius will never blossom . His future greai ness depends upon
the discovery of this very secret. Unless it is discovered, and
the child is permitted to function i.1 .keeping with this impulse .
his intellectuai and h~a rt powers will lie in an apparent stupor
and his days will be numbered among the sluggards.
How shall this secret of nature be unlocked?
Shall the parents carve out a future for their <:;hild? Can
they determine that he shall be a farmer. lawyer, or professor .
while he is yet in his swaddling clothes?
How foolish is such a course!
How many men have been forced into the pulpit who should
have been permitted to follo'A' the plow? Who can tell in what
pathway ones feet should tread?
Least of all should the parents try to choose the course in
life for the child. They consult only their own desires, while
he has already been created. Any effort to recast him is futile,
and at best will produce an intellectual strait-jacket which will
paralyze his powers a nd preserve his deformities.
If the parents are unable to map out a course for the child,
by whom shall it be don e? Shall the child be cross-questioned
as to his aptitudes? Shall he , in his playful childhood years.
proclaim to the world that he has made up his mind to become ·
a jurist or a mechanic? How impossible is the thought!
Who then shall choose?
Let us first learn that this is not a question for the mind or
heart of man to determine. We are not here choo&ing a pro.fession or a vocation. Tha t is not the problem that besets us.
The problem is - how shall we discover ~n aptitude?
There is but one way, and that is ~ give the child a ·wide
range of opportunity to do different things: while close obser•.. J
vations are made of his work.
What does he do well , and what best?
What does he enjoy most?
These are the ever pressing questions. Be sure that he
will do the work best that he enjoys most. Let him alone. He
need not be compelled to follow the occupation he most enjoys. His happiness will be his urge. In such work his mind
wi ll grow because it is happy. His perceptions and insight
will develop beca use his attention is riveted by the very plea~
sure it a ffords. You have discovered his aptitude. From it
will spring his g~ni u s. a nd by it .his whole being will be made
into a fountain of energy . This is the tide in his affairs that
will lead ~ on to fortune.
�Pace
Tlae
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Following the Wate·r
RETTY nearly everyone who comes to Llano to. visit
us 3.nd look around has a different idea of how things
should be and how things could be if such ·and such
: a policy were adopted.
It is interesting and refreshing to listen, and talk over the
plans for the future and make comparisons with accomplishments of the past.
.
The people who come here are thinking and observmg
people. Such a proposition as this does not attract the selfish
or se lf-centered. This is evidenced by the critical and helpful suggestions.
It is astonishing, in a way, to learn that there.are so many
angles to a seem ingly simple thing. As a matter of fact, every
mind has a different way of seeing and working ·out problems.
What is interestin g to one fails to elicit a remark from another.
This sim ple fact will make Llano great and one of the most
interesting places on earth.
We must not for ge t that Llano is a different world from any
ot her now existing. We are equal economically, we have
eq ual opportunities. The grasping of opportunities is wholly
up to the individual. Initiative is a primary desideratum .
There is no such thing as mental equality. Some seem to
forget this. If we don't mix up our mental states with our
economics we can ge t a pretty fair slant on all the problems
conf renting the ardent group at Llano.
The object of those here, apparently, seems the same as in
any other colony enterprise , but closer observation shows that
altruism is the de min at ing keynote, generally. In the meantime the objective mind i~o,. working on alfalfa possibilities and
the probabilities of a continuous and ample water flow.
"After all," it was recently said, "to make Llano successful.
so that she will set an example that can be safely followed,
it must needs be premised upon something more than mere
words." Truly . It seems to me that two years of operation
has demonstrated that something more than a dictionary
was used here.
Water is always and everywhere a necessity. Especiaily
is this true of our western country. There is eve ry reason
for a disquisition on water appertaining to our lands. Many
have recently arrived from arid parts of the western states and
made close inquiry and observed well the fountain of our water
wealth. Water is to them a prime consideration.
So, not to be selfish about the matter, let us go into the
water development and possibilities and see it as these, our
visitors, have seen it.
Llano springs are the origin of the Big Rock. The springs
are located ten and a half miles from the present site of Llano.
A space af many acres is tree covered and from under the
roots of these springs bubble up and form from their separate
origins two swiftly flqwing streams . More than five hundred
miner's inches is always available here. The stream continues
down the canyon with here and there a contributing stream .
By the time the stream reaches Point Comfort, a distance of
two and a half miles from the springs, more than a thousand
inches flows over the pebbly bottom. The stream is augmented by fissure water that flows from the Sierra Madre side.
A great subterranean stream underlies these mountains, and
it is thought probable that by tunneling a tremendous volume
of water could be developed.
There has been a popular delusion for a long time that the
Big Rock creek is fed by eternal snow on the sides of Mount
San Antonio and North Baldy. Thrs is not correct ; the waters
P
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are of subterranean origin, but of course increased when the
snow begins· to melt on the higher reaches of the mountains.
Snow has been vanished for several months on the B~ldy
mountains. . This year the snow did not stay as long as in
5ome previous years. Big Rock creek is lower now than it has
been for several years past, and yet more than a thousand
inches have been going in at the upper and lower intakes
most of the time.
But to go back to Point Comfort a moment. Devil's Punch
Bowl is but a short wa lk from Point Comfort, up a royal
gorge that would do justice to Switzerland or any part of
sce nic America . In the winter great masses of water come
tumbling down from the precipitous heights. Water could
be developed at this point by tunneling.
When the creek reaches the Shoemaker ranch, a splendid
old ranch. a sp ring further increases the flow, and when the
dam site is reached. two miles below, Valyermo ranch contributes more pellucid water. Below the dam site the Pallett
creek gurgles down the four mile canyon from the higher
levels of the Sierra Madres, a ud swells the Big Rock.
Where the Pallett joins the Big Rock creek the stream bed is
about twenty rods wide. It is at this point the tunnel, with
its portal three-quarters of a mile farther down stream, crosses
the creek. This tunnel was du g twenty odd years ago by the
early settlers to develop the underground water, or possibly
to carry off the spill waters from the contemplated dam. The
gravel is very deep and an immense amount of water is stored
in its loose formation. This fact has been demonstrated many
times by holes sunk in the creek bed at a considerable distance
from the channel. When the level of flowing water is reached,
a fine cold supply of water is to be had.
There have been pla usible schemes suggested relative to the
increasing and conserving the underground waters around this
point. A few rods higher up is the dam site that we have
talked so much about and shown to so many people. Brush
dams . . mud dam s, concrete dam s, stone dams and submerged
dams have been suggested. A submerged dam at the dam site
wou ld bring the basin water to the surface where it could
be diverted to the side of the northern hill and carried on a
contour to the air shaft going down to the old tunnel, where
it could be dropped and for three thousand feet would run
underground. Probably five thousand inches of water could
be developed without much trouble, and made to flow in this
way . . This pla n was recently suggested and is quite seriously
,
co nsidered at the present time.
The tunnel at its upper end is filled in with debris to some
extent, but could be cleared out and timbered up; this will
probably be done when we get our lumber from the hills, and
without further work of development more water would flow
through . The stream that now comes from the tunnel seldom
varies. It is estimated at betwee n eighty and one hundred
inches and flows continuously from its mouth.
Just below the mouth of the tunnel we are now digging a
sump. Few people know what a sump is. It is a hole in the
gravel down to bed rock. One lady said it looked just like
a well her father du g back home .
When bed rock is reached it is calculated that several hundred inches of water will be developed and thrown into the
ditches. Even now, while down but twenty feet, about sixtysix inches are being forced up by a pump and delivered to
the stream. It is a curious fact that the water pumped from
below the surface does not diminish the stream above, though
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the sump is not more than twenty-five feet from the channel.
The work of digging is slow because a heavy volume of water
keeps coming in and the pump has to be kept going continuously to work at all in the watery depths.
One of the great advantages of Llano lands is the closeness
to water. In the central part of this state is a water project,
the largest in the world, which carries water through open
dlrr ditches for thirty miles before delivering it to the land.
Imagine the tremendous amount of seepage! Long distance
from water is a general thing in irrigated countries. This is
not true of Llano; Llano lands adjoin the water, and after
it reaches the land seepage is prevented by a series of ditches
lined with sand, lime and cobbles.
The main ditch, called the upper or Hubbard ditch, is not
yet so built. It is surveyed and a large part of it dug, and
wa ter is now running in it, which serves laterals already fixed
1n the manner just stated. This ditch will be capable of carrying at least two thousand inches. Many want it big enough to
ca rry the Aood flow of the Big Rock. In all probability this
Cobbling On< ot t he Main Ditches,
Cementing the R ocks Together with
the ExcdlerH Lime Burnc::i in th cLI•n u Lime Kiln Shown in the Insert, !\1orc than a Mile or· Ditc h H3s
Already B.:en ConstrucreJ.
Page deven
ditch will carry sufficient water to irri_g ate all of the Celony's
most distant acreage.
The . laterals from the main ditch north to the Tighlman
ditch have been completed. There was some doubt about the
ability of these ditches to carry water. It was a pleasant surprise to see two or three hundred inches flowing through tbe
new ditch , and not a sign of the sand-lime giving way. In
fact the -mixture hardened, and to-day, after constant use, is
harder than when put in. The strength and durability of
Llano lime has been amply demonstrated.
The main ditch will be continued across the new townsite
to the saw mill, and thence north to the dairy, the rabbitry.
the new alfalfa on the Dawson eighty, and the present town .
At the present time there are about thirteen miles of ditches
on . the ranch . If everything goes well. and the same rate of
progress in maintained, at least six or seven miles of sand-lime
ditches, perfectly secure and tight, will be made by spring.
We are clearing land all th~ time and opening up new tracts.
These must have water. and the ditch building crew will have
a steady job for several months.
Nothing has been said about
the Mescal or jackson lake (now
railed Pin -~ Lake) region. Here
is another c rea l water supply.
Pine Lake is high in the mountains. a nd a co nti nuous supply
of water is found there. Mescal
creek has a good flow, and from
these sources could be developed
sufficient water to irrigate many
thousa nds of fertile acres.
�IDUCAnON
The Sto.ry- of Boyland
w,
- :-;1HEN I went to College. I was much interested in deJ signing engines of war. One day, when I was wondering whether such a thing were possible as a complefely
___ impregnable fortress-. it struck me that the mechanical
difficulties of assuring such impregnability were much less than
the human ones. I began to wonder what could assure a garrison that all its members would be loyal.
After that I began to lose interest in mechanics and to read
sociology. Naturally, the most appealing question was the
generously big one "What is the ideal of Social Organization?"
But the more I read, the less convinced I was .that this question
could be solved by academic discussion, becatise we are still
so ignorant as to what are the moral possibili~ies and limitations of human nature itself. In some experiments in e?.rlier
years, I had tried to isolate the elements of human nature, to
discover how far it can be moulded by suggestion or other
forces. Now, in Boyland, we are trying to solve the two problems of social organization and individual inspiration. simultaneously.
Probably at the beginning, my chief interest in Boyland was
in its possibilities as an experiment in community life. But it
usually happens that one's interest narrows as he get; more
deeply into a problem, and so I find that I shall not be very dissatisfied if I never get any further than to have worked out a
method for developing individuals: nay, further. I!lY interest
is centering more and more upon a single phase of that development, namely. the production of an intelligently moral character. So, in this essay. I shall pass over rather rapidly the
distinctive features of our government and even of our pedagogy to get to the more technical, though to you perhaps less
interesting, features which I am attempting to formulate into
something approaching a science.
One of the most important things in a boys' school is always
precaution taken for the health of the youngster. In considering what arrangements have been made for this at Boyland.
I will begin by talking about our living quarters. The younger boys all live down at the main building where they keep
under our direct supervision. Their rooms, measuring 8 x 12
feet, are practically open at two ends-at least, they have a
special arrangement of windows that fold together, and open
outward so that it may be said that all of our boys sleep practically in the open air. The older boys, if they prefer, and
most of them do, sleep in the small cottages that we have built
on the hillside, one boy occupying a cottage : or two, sometimes three rooming together. Boys only room together where
they show no tendency to blame upon one another any untidiness that may be discovered in the cottages, and when in other
ways they are fitted to get on well together. These cottages
are slightly larger than the rooms which I have described. All
of them have a little clothes-press and a private shower-bath.
The side of them, fronting towa rd the main building, is entirely
open save a low railing a nd a curtain which is let down in
rainy weather, and the two remaining sides have sliding windows which we urge them at all times to keep open. Thus
the cottages are perhaps even more into the air than the r~oms
in the main building.
In fact, our boys are indoors scarcely any of the time..
set them an example of doing all their work outdof) rs by having my own desk moved out on to my sleeping porch even
during cold weather. Boys take their booko and the;r typewriters out on the veranda and do all their •vork the re, unless
wind-storms, dust, or driving rain make this utterly :wpracti-
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By Prince Hopkins
cable. I am convinced that this constant living in the open air
will be a good thing for them, judging by results which I witnessed when inspecting schools for anaemic children in the environs of Chicago, New York, and elsewhere, In these schoots,
the anaemic children, living as they desire entirely in the open .
air, seem able in about three or four hours work daily, to keep
abreast of their companions in the regular classes who are giving an hour or two more to their ·daily schedule.
The report somehow seems to have gone abroad that some
special system of diet, vegetarianism or some other, had been
adopted in our school. It is true that in the fi rst few months
of school, we did have a vegetarian regime and I must say the
results of it were entirely satisfactory. The boys were gaining
in weight and in general conditions. However, I have decided
that it is best, when one has a partic~lar idea that one is trying
to work up, not to confuse the issue by introducing a .number
of irrelevant experiments, a nd therefore vegetarianism and
all other special dieta ry systems have been taboo since the
time mentioned. At present our only aim is to give an allaround well balanced dietary according to the prescirption of
the conservative, rather than the "new-fangled" doctors. We
have meat three times a week, avoid fried, and other indigestible compositions. all heavy puddings, and extremely sweet or
sour substances; in general we try to serve dishes in a way
that appeals to other senses as well as that of taste.
We try, in ou r daily program, not to keep the boys confined to any one kind of occupation for too long a time, but
to vary sedentary occupation; \\ith p~1rsuits of a motile or exciting nature.
To begin with, the usual day, lasting from rising time in the
morning to bed-time a t night, is split up into two days of shorter duration- you might say, a morning day and an afternoon
day- by the before-lunch siesta.
In each of these half-days, work and play is so arranged
that the work comes entirely a t the beginning of the day's program with the ha rdest and the mental work first, and the physical work towa rds the end; and then, after the whole work
period, comes a period of recreation and romping; thus, in
the morning, work is from 7 to 11.30, except a short interval
for a light breakfast, and then the boys are free for games and
other activities until 12: 30 when the siesta comes.
This siesta lasts from one .. half to one hour according to the
inclination of the boy or else according to his nen•ous requirements. From two until- say. four in the afternoon, is the
second work period, a nd from that time on they are encouraged to play until bed; time.
A study period ends in a lesson in dancing, boxing or
wrestling, which they can conl i m·~ through their play-time
or quit at the end of the first five minutes of that pleasure. As
to what they actually do about it, I may say that they are
very much creattu cgo.of fashion. For a month or so, they will
be all for boxing; at a nother time, wrestling, and if we have
some new a nd lively tunes to play upon the phonograph. especially the tunes. that have been written for the fox trot, they
find a temptation to dance almost irresistible.
Of the two work periods. morning a nd a fternoon, the
functions are not the same. even though we go over pretty
much the same subject$ of study in the afternoon period as
in the mornin g period. The difference consists in this; that
during the morning their schedule is more definitely planned
a nd formal, whereas in the afternoon, we encourage more
freedom of choice ~ega rding the subjects they desire to take
�The
· Western
Comrade
EDUCATION
up. The afternoon, more especially, is the period when we
try to get them to put to practical uses the lessons of the
morning. Thus, for example, this afternoon that I am writing
these pages, some of the boys have been applying the arithmetic lesson of the morning to measuring the wall area of
some little tent-cottages that they are building, in order to
know how many yards of canvas they will require to cover
the sides. The las.t period in the afternoon generally ends
in the application of the geography lesson of the morning to
a large map of the wc:ld which they all are digging. The
science lessons, lessons in camp cookery. in sloyd etc., largely
seem to carry their own appl ication v,;t!1 them, as all the boys
are passionately fond of laboratory and shop practice.
Our system is to allow them rather more liberty than is
c us~om ary in schools. For example, when a class, having commenced. work on a certain subject, beg to go on with that
topic. we usually raise no objection to their infringing upon
the time of the next class, as we consider that so strong an
interest should be taken advantage of, and that the time lost
in the other classes eas.ily can be made up in a subsequ·e nt
recitation. Often enough, in fact, the recitation which they
omit today in this fashion will be the very one that they will
get particularly interested in tomorrow. Perhaps the extremest case in which we have applied this principle was
one about a month 'ago, when, in a fit of fondness for English composition, they spent practically two days in writing
stories and outlining speeches.
We believe in the general principle of early rising, yet we
don't think it a good thing th at, no matter how tired a
youngster is, he shaU be required to tumble out of his warm
bed to make an entry upon the cold routine of duty. Therefore, the day's work begins with a study which is so interesting that the boys nearly always are anxious to get up and
attend it, which nevertheless is considered as optional with
them. This study, too, has an advantage that it does not
req uire them to use their eyes upon first arising, always a
rather questionable practice. It is the study of science by
laboratory methods. Each of the small cottages of which
I have spoken previously has its own little work bench with
basin, etc., complete, and cupboard underneath to contain all
kinds of apparatus, in case the boys, during their length of
ti me , desire to perform experiments in physics, chemistry or
biology. There is, however, a regular class in these subjects
conducted the fi rst period in the morning.
One of our teachers, Mr. Corydl, succeeded in ge tting the
boys so interested in arithmetic and algebra that when they
were beginning the latter subject, they once asked if an
entire morning could not be given to that exclusively, In
general, however, I think it will be conceded that .mathematics is about the most difficult subject for children and
theref-ore we pl ace it eariy upon the day's program when their
attention is still unfatigued. During the scientific and all
other work where it seems feasible, we attempt to bring in
mathematical relationships, and in a word, to pervade our
whole curriculum with mathematics.
I don't know that there is anything unusual about their
composition, grammar and spelling, except that we call the
boys' ·attention to the grammatical structure and ask them
if they know the spelling of words during ,the reading that we
do at table. At all our meals, we attempt to stimulate the
boys' conversational powers but as boys' conversation has a
tendency a good deal like that of adults' conversation, to
switch off as quickly as possible to the more inane topics, we
find it a good plan to have wi~h us some book of literary
merit which supplies us not only with reading matter but also
with live topica for intdlec.tual wr~
P"lle
tbir~-.>
hi the beginning of a discussion of the discipline and
government which we have, I wish to draw your attention to
the fact that its form is not one which we superimposed from
above upon the boys, yet at the same time, it is not what
a boys' government . usually is, simply an imitation of the
torms of society that he finds outside of him. Of course,
if we left the whole matter simply in the hands of the boys, it
would scarcely be worth one's tiine to try. any innovations or
idea that they had not imported. We pay as little attention
as possible to the outside community. We have to have a
great many things in confidence with the boys themselves and
have left it to them to try these various scheme~.
Severe punishments have very little, if any, desired effect
lor the simple reason that the boy generally desires to do what
is right only he is so lacking in self 'control as to constantly
forget himself.
Of course, you cannot hope to form moral habits except
through freedom of choice. Consequently, it is advisable
that a boy may always have as much libetty as he may use
to advantage; at the same time, it is necessary to put lle·
strictions upon his liberty whenever he is going to use it for
habits that are undesirable. It seems to me thaj: the correct
principle in regard to discipline is not the infliction of pain
so much as depriving the boy of opportunities of exercise in
deleterious ways.
Now here is the way that we work this out. Boys are
divided into four groups. The first group is composed of
boys in whose ambition , influence over the others and general
good qualities we have supreme confidence. These boys are
then allowed unlimited liberty; even attendance of classes is
optional with this first group. No coercion is used upon them
whatever, but only discussion and exhortation. If this freedom seems to be too much for a boy, so that we see that he
simply idles about and accomplishes nothing, he is voted into
the second group.
But suppose that a boy is not fit even for this moclerately
reg ulated life; he then goes into the third group. Here his
Ffc is regulated pretty thoroughly for him. Here he lives
down at the main buildin g instead of one of the little individual cottages and is in im minent danger, if he is not mighty
scrumptious about his conduct, of being relegated to the
fourth or last group.
In this four th or last gro up, each boy has his own little
ga rden with a little shelter upon it where he keeps his carpentering and garden tools, his work bench, some books and
a few other necessaries of life-in short, he is sheltered from
everythi ng that can tempt him to utilize his time in an unprofitable way, to destroy anything or to interfere with any
of the other boys.
Now to retrace -our fa ll from the first to the last group: as
the moral weakling who has descended so low begins to
improve himself, showing a disposition to assume more responsibilities, he is again put into the third group, or even the
second. Only after he has proven pretty thoroughly his reformation of character is he likely to be elected into group
one, where he is expected to help in leoking after some of
the smaller boys, and from which it isn't customary to degrade
him, save after a prolonged impeachment.
After a little time spent in greup three, he may be ready
for election into group two and with others have oversight
of the boys in both groups three and four, and finally, certain
exceptional boys rise as high as greup one, if they seem not
only to employ themselves in the best possible manner but
to be the sort to be of good influence over and a general
concern for the welfare of all their Juniors. •
(~ODPIIQII1fil)
�Page fourt een
INDUSTRIAL MECHANICS
Hand Made Rugs
e
ARPETS and rugs have been produced in such confusion of variety by the different nations of the
world, under such different conditions and with so
_many different materials that the subject is large,
Each race of the human family has solved its own problems in regard to Aoor coverings in such a way as to utilize
the materia l most easily obtained to its best advantage, and
the work, sometimes highly artistic, has in each case possessed its own characteristics, so that the origin of rugs from
the differe nt parts of Asia or. Europe can be readily told at
a glance by the connoisseur, a nd a close examination of the
fabric and patt erns employed will in many cases reveal even
the family who were engaged in the manufactute , as well as
a close estim ate of the age of the PfOduct.
American fabrics ca n also be studied to grea t ad van tage,
showing as th ey do the work of the Indians of the southwest
as well as tho ~e made by the modern rug weavers. In this
art icle we will have little to say about the strictly factory
productions but wi ll co nfine ourselves to the hand work of
the different peoples under consideration . The use of the
materials near e~l a t hand and the em ployment of tools most
easily obtained. a nd in some cases very rudely fashioned,
makes the study very interesting. In some examples the very best wo rk
is produced hy th e cr udest
implements.
The Navajo and Moqui
Indians of Amertca. a nd
the Nomadic tribC's of Persia a nd Asia Minor used
similar utensil> and until
th e advent of modC'rn analine dyes treated the ir
wools in almost the same
way. Both were nomadic
in habits and unlike our
New England houswives,
!\ Llano
had no worn-out clothing
to utilize; their materials,
mostly from th e sheep's
back , had to be washed. carded a nd spun with tools easily
made and easily carried from place to place, an d finally
w.oven on a loom that could be made from a few poles
lashed toge ther in th e most primitive manner. Curiously
their work in each case is marked by a delicacy of coloring
and a boldness of design very simila r to each other. though
both show antipodal characte ristics, as might be expected.
The oriental rug is cha rac terized by a close heavy pile
of colored wools. knotted to th e warp by the fin ge rs of the
a rtisa ns in co nvention alized designs. The old rugs were
very art istic in appeara nce, as the wools were dyed with
home-made vege tabl e dyes in soft neutral tones, but the
modern rugs with their more vivid colorin g from the use of
a naline as a dyein g age nt a re not so satis factory. In our
ru ~ work a t Ll ano we wi ll not be able for some time to
make fabrics of this oriental type, although the knot by
which the fillin g is incorporated in the weave is very simple
and the process is easily learned. Our lack of a suitable
material must necessarily confine our efforts to other lines.
However, our southwestern Indians produce a blanket, much
u!'>ed as a Aoor covering. th11t for close. durahl e weave 11nd
By
TJ.e
Frank
L.
Western
Comrade
Wright
artistic design is second only to the product of Asia, and
materials of such character as may be obtained in the general
markets are utilized in their manufacture.
Germantown yarns in natural gray, white and black, as
well as some of the more neutral shades, produce beautiful
fabrics which have ready sale at remunerative prices. This
is hand-weaving of the best type as shuttles can only be
employed to a limited extent, and in the zig-zag designs the
filling is beaten into the fabric with a "heavy comb instead of
the sley of the hand-loom. Such a method must necessar·
ily make the work slow and if the fabric is to be worth the
labor expended, good materials must be employed as well
as desigm of high artistic merit.
In the selection of designs the Indian motif may be followed. but every weaver is bound to work in his own ideas,
ca using an individuality corresponding to his natural ability.
Though the difference between the copy and the pattern be
slight, there will still be something in the effect that expresses
the personality of the artisan, and when home-made dyes
are employed the personal feature is more marked. We
recen tly produced a saddle blanket on a Llano loom, in the
lightn ing design, in which, though a Navajo pattern furnished
the motif, the design produced an errtirely different eff('ct, marking it at
once with a personality of
its own.
Another Navajo fabric
that lends itself to our
treatment is the woven
fur rug or robe used by
the medicine men in Indian ceremonies.
T arne
rabbit fur is cut in strips
of the proper width and
twisted like Hiawatha's
mittens "with the skinside inside and with the
Home.
fur-side outside." These
strips are then woven in
the loom in such a manner as to leave both sides of the robe covered with fur, the
different colors being so blended as to produce a neutral
effect. If the fur is saved at the right time o.f the year and
the skins properly treated a strictly sanitary fabric of considera ble value is produced. The fur does not shed and the
robe is light and warm.
The ma king of such hand-made articles requires a great
deal of labor, though methods employed are easily learned.
The Navajo saddle blanket mentioned above is about three
by six feet, and required four days of eight hours each to produce, so it can be readily seen that only well-to-do people will
be attracted by them . The woven fur fabric is even more
tedious as the strips are short and require careful handling
to produce the right result.
In another installment we will explain something of rewove n rugs in which so many different materials may be
utilized , even when so badly worn that their period of usefulness seems past. Many of our readers do not realize the
waste that is daily going on ; and the really beautiful and
useful articles that can be made from old wool carpets, burlap silcb. ilnd many other things ordinarily thrown away.
�The
Western
~omrad'e
FICTION
The Soul of Sing Lee
· - -- lNG LEE left China for America with the intention
of becoming a rich man. He had come to San Francisco when the Chinese were swarming in like rats.
_ __ but instead of staying in the Bay city, he had worked
his way down into the heart of the San Joaquin valley, where
he secured employment in a vineyard. Here he worked for
years, but strangely enough the wealth he had so confidently
expected to gain, did not come to him. His money, of which
there was precious little, went to keep himself. his wife and
child.
Finally he decided to peddle vegetables. He knew of several of his countrymen who began as hucksters a nd now possessed comfortable fortunes. Why not he? So leaving off
his work in the vineyard, he ret;ted an acre of land at the edge
of China Town, built a little shed-like dwelling, planted his garden, and shortly began to go from door to door with his "nice
flesh vegitable, lady." He sold vegetables and sold vegetables
and sold vegetables. and then he died. His dream was still
unrealized.
But Sing Lee's wife was a devoted little person. Although
her lord and master had slaved all his life without being able
to accomplish anything of importance, she resolved that his
funeral should compare favorably with that of any previously
deceased Chinese. No matter if it took every cent of money,
or necessitated going into debt. She would hire a city band
to make lively American music at the head of the procession,
There should be a roast pig on which the soul of Sing Lee
should feast. She would hire two mourners to walk behind
the hearse anJ howl dismally. She would have a thousand
pieces of pierced paper through which the Devil would have
to go before he could claim the soul of the deceased, and these
she would have cast far and wide, so that her husband would
have a fair chance to reach the realm of eternal happiness,
At the grave she would have a bed and a new suit of clothing
burned, so that as his soul rose from earth it would be accompanied by the smoke of his temporal possessions, and he could
appear among the celestial hosts properly housed and clothed.
The burning of the clothes was absolutely necessary. No
Chinese could ever hope to a ppear in heave n until the smoke
of his raiment had accompanied his soul, .and as soon as the
smoke began to ascend, if the devil had not already gotten possession, his last chance of ever claiming the soul was gone.
All this the wife of Sing Lee knew weii, a nd her plans were
most carefully made to avert any disaster. What if all this
magnificence should reduce her to penury for years to come 1
That would be nothing, just so Sing Lee should have a funeral
that would long be remembered in China Town. and perhaps
it would be so gorgeous that there would be a notice of it in
the morning paper of the Americans. Then indeed. would the
soul of Sing Lee rest in peace.
There had been some very heavy rains, and the streets in
and about China Town and the road to the Cemetery were
wet and slushy, but the day of the funeral proved to be ideal.
The sun which had been hidden for the past few days seemed
to outdo itself in warmth and brightness. It was a day ·-as
beautiful as only a sunshiny winter day in California can be.
With the sun beaming upon them, the Tuneral procession of
Sing Lee started from his humble dwelling. The band came
first , playing popular songs, ridiculously inappropriate to the
few American onlookers, for so solemn an occasion, but not
so to the Chinese, the livelier the music the better, so they
think . After the hand came the heilr~e. ilnd beside the rlriver
S
Page fifteen
By
Helen
Fr. ances Easley
sat a man throwing far and wide the pieces of pierced paper,
which were to puzzle and bewilder the wily Devil. Next came
the wagon containing the bed, the clothing and the roast pig
which were to sustain the wanderer on his journey into the
unknown world. Following this were the hired mourners,
howling and yelling so enthusiastically that it was evident
that they had been well paid. After them came a string of a
half dozen or so carriages, containing ..friends of the dead man,
and in the very last sat his wife and child. The last vehicle
was a large wagon in which rode the Chinese 'band playing the
weirdes~ music imaginable. Truly it was a splendid funeral
processiOn.
All went beautifully until they had nearly reached the burying ground. Part o f the road had been washed away, and on
either side was a pond of water. The drivers had great difficulty in crossing safely. The hearse had just passed the dangerous bit of road, when the wheel of the following wagon,
the one containing the offerings to be burned, slipped, and before the driver could right it, over went the wagon and its
contents into the water.
Plague upon plagues ! Why did this particular wagon have
to be the one to tip over? It would have been better if it had
been the hearse. A soaking would not have hurt Sing Lee.
He did not have to be burned! But wet pig would not be
palatable, and wet wood and wet clothing would not burn,
and could not be burned until they were sufficiently dried.
And the Devil!
Sing Lee's wife did not say this by way of expressing her
frantic state of mind, instead she thought of it in awe and
terror. The Devil was dodging in and out of the holes in the
pierced paper, coming nearer every moment. Oh! would that
some chance breeze would carry some of the pieces far from
the route taken by the procession, so that his Satanic Majesty
would be compelled to hunt for hours before he could find
the missing papers. Thus prayed the widow as she sat shivering with fright in the last carriage.
After the pigs and other possessions had been rescued from
what might have been their watery grave, the procession wended its way to the cemetery. The ceremony was exceedingly
short, for with nothing to burn, nor no food to offer the departing spirit, there was nothing to do but to put the coffin
in the grave, with its odd oven-like covering. · The people
disbanded with ominous shakes of their heads. Surely some
awful fat e was in store for poor Sing Lee or the wagon would
have been allowed to pass over the road safely. Perhaps some
of the Devil's :, rvants or the Devil himself had been waiting
to push the wagon over. and then had hastened back to find
the pieces of pierced paper.
But it was all over now, and all that could be done was to
make the best of it. The things which should have been burned , were taken back to the home of Sing Lee to be dried
before they could be sent where they were so badly needed.
Very sorrowfully, the widow hung out the wonderful new
suit, which had never beet ..,._,, .t, now mud-stained and wrinkled. The bed did not count so much. that had been gotten
more for display, but the clothing was absolutely essential, and
the thought of Sing Lee's poor soul shivering and destitute of
clothing was heartrending. The sun set before the garments
were dry, and the widow gave up all hopes of burning them
until next morning. And how was she to know that in the
meantime, the Devil had not overtaken the soul of her poor ·
hu~~;Jnd , or eve n then rli.-l not h<~vc him in torml.'nt.
�Page aixtoen
FICTION
Oh, for some sign!
While this tragedy had been happening in China Town, a
contented vagrant had been kicked out of one of the empty
fruit cars standing on the switch of a nearby railroad.· That
is he had been contented. and happy until he had been kicked
out, but now he was ruefully contemplating the fact that his
journey to Sacramento had been rudely interrupted. · He was
not hungry. Orange groves are easy to enter, and.if one has
scruples against picking fruit off the trees, there is always
plenty lying on the ground, and easier to gather, by the way.
So he was not suffering from hunger, the one thing he lacked
was money, and of that he ha.d not one cent. So .unless he
could escape the watchful eyes of the trainmen~ he had no
way of continuing his journey, unless he walked, and he did
not relish that.
For a long ttme he sal beside the FOad, but 'finally thinking it best to take himslf away for a time, he rose stiffly and
adjusting the bundle of rags he had used a a pillow, he started
away from the track. It was by the merest chance tha ~ he
headed for China Town. He didn't know China Town from
Russian Town, a nd so no one could accuse him of purpesely
turning his steps in the direction he had taken.
The moon was shining and as he passed the few straggling
little shacks, he looked to see whether or not anything might
T .. e
We a t e r a
C o a .r a d e
was carrying had been meant to adorn a spirit in glory!
The first waking thoughts of Siag ·Lee's widow were of the
dreadful yesterday, and hastening to the window she looked
out to see if the clothing was yet dry.
The suit was gone!
In vain she looked in every corner 'to see i"f it had been
blown down, but there was no trace of it. At last her bewildered eyes saw a heap of ashes. Hastily dressing herself,
·s he went into the yard.
It was the sign!
She ran her long fingers through the ashes, as a happy
smile broke over her face. She quite understood.
Sing Lee had become impatient for his clothing and so had
come back for it. It did not matter that t.hey were wet and
muddy. Sing Lee was now a spirit, and to spirits nothing
is imp.ossible, wet clothes would · burn as easily as dry ones,
and here were the ashes. · The Devil had not overtaken her
husband, instead he had been wonderfully and unusually
blessed, and was now abiding in everlasting joy and peace.
She rose and went back into the house, all doubt gone
from her mind, and a deep content in her heart. The days
might be full of toil, but Sing Lee's funeral had lacked nothing
and he had been allowed to come back and give her a sign!
Several miles away in the next town, in a pawnshop where
Ll• no D•iry i, Well St;,cked - Silo in Rack ground Now Bein~ Filled
be lying about unused and unwatched. Finally he spied
something hanging limply on a line back of a little shack.
Foolishness for a nyone to let anything remain out all night t
At any rate it should not remain long. He jumped the fence
and felt of the garment.
Silk! Heavy Silk!
.He almost collapsed over the greatness of his discovery.
The silk was damp and muddy, but that made no difference.
It was valuable, and ceuld soon be dried. It would bring him
money at some pawnshop, and then if he should be kicked out
of his private car. he could offer real money for a ride in the
caboose. With trembling fingers he drew the silk from the
line, and rolled it into a compact bundle, and placing it on
his shoulder, he started for the fencs. But he could not carry
that and his other bundle comfortably, and try as he might he
could not arrange them. But the bundle of rags was of no
value, and rather than lose the other he would burn it.
Again depositing his load on the ground, he lit a match and
burned his erstwhile pillow. Instead of destroying it all together, he took one rag at a time, so that the flame would
attract no one's attention. This done he climbed the fence
and merrily went his way. Once more fortune had favored
him. He laughed softly in his glee as he pictured the consternation of some poor Chinam'-n• when he discovered the loss
of &Uoh f.tive robes. Little did he think that the bwxUe h~
no questions were asked and no explanations demanded, lay
the silken garments, and the money which the keep~r had
given for them was safely tied in a corner of a ragged handkerchief of the tramp, as he lay in an empty fruit car, once
more upon his journey.
And if Sing Lee's .soul ever found it necessary to clothe
itself before appe'aring in the society of other souls, he was
surely compelled to array himself, as best he copld, in the rags
which had once been the pillow of the tramp.
Reader. of the WESTERN COMRADE may look forward to other •Iones
hy Miss Easley as she has consented to •end stories to u• at frequent
in tcrvals.- Editors Note.
Dear Comrades : Enclosed please find P. 0. for $2.00. One dollar is for a
s!!_bscription for the newspaper published there, the name of
which I do not call to mind now. The WESTERN COMRADE
is asked for by outside parties before I have hardly time to
read it. They would sign for it if they only- well, "dared."
The other dollar is to have you hand to the secretary of the
Socialist Local with the enclosed book, and stamps for dues
till end of year. The balance can be used for postage for
r~turn. and "special" stamps.
You" fratemall.y.
E. K- .
W~. Cal.
�The
Western
Comrade
ARTS AND MUSIC
Building a Socialist City
T
HE Socialist city should be beautiful , of course; it
l should be constructed on a definite plan, each feature haviqg a vital relation to and complementing
each other feature, thus illustrating in a concrete
way the solidarity of the community; it should emphasize
1he fundamental principle of equal opportunity for all; and
il should be the last word in . the application of scientific
discovery to the problems of every day life, putting every
la bor saving device at the service of every citizen.
It should be beautiful. Beautifying is a very complex
problem. The untrained mind. is apt to divorce beauty
;~ hsolutely and disastrously .from fitness. The result is horror
of confusion. The lady who goes shopping in silks and
diamonds, the best parlor that is a junk shop of unrelated
reminiscences of travel, the suburban residence ~treet where
s~veral
Page seventeen
By
A.
Cons. tance· Austin
A town in a mountainous wooded country would call for
a different style of architecture from a town in Kansas ;. a
town in a moist foggy climate like Oregon . would call for
something entirely different from the constructio that would
be desirable to meet the dry heat anc! cold of Arizona ; a
sea-port should have an entirely different architectural character from a university town, and so forth. The type should
first be studied from the point of view of fitness.
Having escaped d!e Seylla of confusion, w,e must not run
into the Charybdis of uniformity. Having selected a general
type of architecture suited to the conditions of the locality,
the next thing is to study out every possible variation within
the type, and to allow individuals all sorts of latitude· in expressing themselves in their homes. The adjective 'deadly'
is generally and rightly associated with monotony, and neither
Tom of Apples Stored m Llano Cannery for Winter Use.·
a Moorish palace elbows a psuedo French castle. which frowns
. upon a Swiss chalet, are all cases in point. A thing may
indeed be beautiful itself, but if it is not studied to fit its
· environment, and is not adapted to the purpose for which it
is made, it will give no real pleasure.
.
So when we say that the Socialist city must be beautiful
we wish to draw attention to the. fact that we cannot follow
the ordinary individualistic plan of allowing each person to
build to suit his own fancy. It is not only that some people
have no taste at all- it would be comparatively easy to frame
regulations against outrageous eyesores'- nor that a really
fi ne building of conflicting design can spoil the effect of a
whole harmonious group; but there is the wider application
of fitness , that the situation, climatic conditions and even a
certain psychic quality. the purpose for which the town exists,
,;hould be taken into considPration in deciding upon its constructive ideal~.
word has any place in a Socialist's vocabulary. If a Socialist is anything he is aggressively original, and this gift should
be given full play so far as is compatible with the comfort and
welfare of his neighbor. New types of architecture should
arise under fundamentally new conditions of living, and
special blocks or streets set aside for that purpose, providing
the discoverer can interest a group of people sufficiently to
get them to join him in such an experiment. The new idea
should be eag,erly sought for in every branch of the community
life. Who knows how many original and helpful inventions
have been lost and obliterated under the oppressive and crushing deadweight of capitalistic conditions.
The style of architecture which has been selected for Llano
has been studied out with due regard to the wonderful setting
which this city is .privileged to enjoy. On the south a: rare
of mountaim rises abruptly ten thousand feet with a penci 1 &
(oenti•ueol •• ,_,. a;)
.
"
�Page eighteeen
AGRICULTURE
Irrigation Systems
'
The
Western
Comrade
By We s I e y z·o r n e s
- -- RRIGATION is the application of water to the soil. due to the impenetrable condition of the soil. Again the
1 The
results obtained from the application depend remedy is thorough cultivation.
Any system of irrigation that will leave the soil in a friable
I
' upon where and how it is applied. The sweeping
' _____i assertion of the novice, who contends that it makes no and loose condition and wet it to the proper point to insure
practical difference how the water is applied, are not founded a good crop is the one to be sought. A system which leeches
the soil of its plant foods and leaves it compact is detrimental
on experience or scientific research.
There are several methods which have both good and bad to plant growth.
In the gravity flood system the water is applied to the surpoints. Two methods in use at Llano are deserving of comment. The gravity flood system and the furrow. In the dis- face of the soil and spread evenly over it by the irrigators. It
cussion of any system of irrigation we should take into con- is allowed to run down between the laterals on head ditches
sideration the action of the water on the soil and its conse- placed at intervals over the field. This system is · thought by
quent effects on the crops grown.
some to be the easiest and quickest- method of irrigation. It
Water has a solvent effect on the plant food:;; found in the is the oldest method in existence of applying water to the land.
soil, which prepares it for assimilatiQJI by th -plant. Water
Level land may be irrigated with few laterals, but on land
is necessary to the plant in certain quantities; an excess as such as we have in Llano it is better to place them one hundred
well as total starvation does permanent injury.
and fifty feet apart through the fields. This is necessitated by
Large quantities of water carry away the solvent plant food the grade and the character of our soils. The lands between
through the soil and so
it is lost to the plant.
The leeching of the soluble plan~ foods in this
manner 1s a common
practice in irrigated
countries where water
is abundant.
Some
farmers substitute water for the cultivator
and attempt ~o make a
dry land plant aquatic.
The rule should be to
irrigate enough to insure good health to the
crop and use the cultivator diligently.
When too much water is applied to the soil
it has a tendency to
pack it. The particles
cohere and in time this
condition renders it impervious to water and it
runs off the surface.
$200 Worth of Coals Here. Apparant Double Horns On the Big Angora Back At the Left Is Due
C o n tinued 1rngation
To the Fact That One Bashful Fellow Tried To Hide From the Camera.
with the soil in this condition is a waste. Irrigation beyond the point
of soil saturation depletes the soil of its plant foods by carry- the laterals should be as level as possible, as it means hard
ing them off into the subsoil.
work to irrigate rough land with this method. Orchards,
Water-logged soils become sour, which is evidenced by a alfalfa and gardens may be irrigated in this way. The disadsuperabundance of acids. This is caused by the fact that the vantage of this system lies in the fact that the land being
alkaline bases have been carried away by the water; leaving flooded has a tendency to bake. It carries a great deal of the
acids without bases to neutralize their acidity. Such soils are plant food from the soil into the subsoil. Continued irrigation
worthless from an agricultural standpoint until the remedy, of this kind will totally deplete the soil of its mineral plant
foods.
continued cultivation ·and thorough aeration, is applied.
A system that has been used in our gardens and orchards,
Water fills the pores between the soil particles; as long as
water remains in the soil the air is excluded, and as air is the furrow system, is coming into favor and is thought to be
necessary to the proper growth of plants, the continued filling a better method of irigating alfalfa in our community because
of the soil with water will hinder their growth.
of the topography and character of our land. The water is
A proper length of time for aeration should elapse before run close to the plants in furrows, thus confining the water in
water is applied. When the water is removed a shrinkage channels. The soil between the furrows is wet by sub-irrigaton
occurs and the soil bakes. In this condition the air cannot cir- leaving the surface loose and friable and serving as a mulch
culate freely through it, and irrigation does very little good, to com;erve the water. Confined in a furrow water will run
1
I
�Tlae
Western
Coarade
AGJUCULTURE
a greater distance than when spread out over the surface,
because of the fact that there is less surface exposed to evaporation and seepage. The laterals or head ditches can be made
six hundred feet apart, four hundred is better. It requires
one-third the number of laterals that the Rood system does,
hut it has the disadvantage of requiring added labor in
furrowing the land. As the water is confined in the furrow and
" ·ill sub-irrigate the high as well as the low spots, confined
'.-ater is easy to handle. Unconfined water turned loose over
the fi eld to seek a channel for itself will find the lowest points.
The irrigator must furrow the ground in an attempt to keep
the water from the low places and divert it to the highest
po;nt s. He unconciously uses the furrow system. The differ-
ence is that in this case the furrow is made with a shovel,
and in the other it is made by means of a plow.
The main objection to the furrow system for alfalfa is that
it leaves the ground in a rough condition for mowing. Another objection is that the furrow itself is unproductive land.
However, experiment stations have demonstrated that alfalfa
planted in rows eighteen inches apart yielded a greater tonnage
of hay than the broadcast stands.
We are trying both these systems of irrigation at Llano, <\Dd
the most efficient -will be adopted.
(Articles in -this department will be continued, taking up the irrigation
of all crops separately. The irrigation of alfalfa ";11 be the subject of
an article in the November issue of. the WEST£-RN COMRADE.)
Scientific Management of Soils
HERE a re three important factors to be considered in
the scientific management of soils: amount of availa ble a nd unavailable plant food, physical condition,
and mechanical action .
Soil · consists of organic and morganic materials more or
less decomposed. Soil may be of coarse sand , very fine clay,
or gradations between the two, or it may be of vegetable or
a nimal product. Or it may have a mixture of all these components to a more or less degree. Soils are also classed as
to formation ; as residue , meaning soils formed by chemical
action only; and sedentary, meaning those formed by the
action of wind. water, etc.
What kind of soil have we at Llano , and what does all this
mean to the farmer? Llano soils are composed of some
coarse, and some very fine decomposed rock, but, due to the
lack of rainfall , the amount of decomposed vegetation is
small. We have some fields of clay loam , meaning a large
percentage of clay. with some silt, sand, and organic matter.
What are the good and bad points of such a soil ? The soil
pMticles are very fine . hence more surface to a given quantity
of land . therefore there is more surface tension and more
re tention of plant food and water. The clay contains a
large amount of silicon, a base with which acids may unite
and be made insoluble. Iron and sulphur give the clay its red
and blue colors. As has already been stated, clay soil has
very fine particles and these particles when wet run together,
thus becoming hard , and impervious to- the passage of air
which has the mother part to play in the soil.
What are we going to do with this soil? At Llano we plant
it to alfalfa which produces six to eight bumper crops per year.
The roots of the alfalfa penetrate the soil for many feet, thus
loosening it and fill ing it with porous material through which
the air may pass. The alfalfa finds all the inorganic matter
necessary to the soil for best production.
Alfalfa uses the nitrogen , that part of the air which is unavailable to human beings, but as nitrogen is not soluble in
water it is not directly available to the plant. There are
ma ny compounds of nitrogen , such as nitric acid, ammonia,
a nd nitrate of soda .
In the soil and on the roots of some plants are found microscopic plants which convert the nitrogen of the soil into nitrates, making it available to the plants. Between the plants
of the pea fa mily, peas, beans, vetch ~ clover, alfalfa, etc. ,
a nd these minute plants we find true co-operation. Sunshine
is absolutely necessary to produce the starch in plants; the
microscopic plant has no sunshine and hence no way of producing starch; the alfalfa has no nitrogen in available form, and
m the illf(llfa tmdes sta rc:h to thr. little plants for nitrates.
T
Page nineteen
By Oliver Zornes_
Systems of irrigating alfalfa are being chan~ed, partly due
to these small plants, and partly to the conservation of the
soil water - the greatest production with fhe least amount
of work.
The bacteria of the soil, for their best development, must
have a friable, moist soil. By irrigating in corrugations the surface of the soil is left loose, lessening the surface tension and
breaking the capillary tubes. It also lets the air into the soii
on which the bacteria feed. At Llano the 8ooding system is
being abandoned. Where the soil is continually 8ooded the _
ai r is excluded and denitrofying bacteria fight the nitrofying
bacteria and render the nitrogen unavailable.
What more then are we to do with our clay soils? Plow
under a crop of alfalfa, or even the crown, and you are addin~
organic material from which nitrogen is extracted by chemical action, and made available to the plant. The decay of
the alfalfa is necessary before the plant can use it, :while the
nitrate .produced is ready for use as soon as the w~t~r is applied. Alfalfa land brings quicker results as a ferhhzer than
manures. The crop plowed under makes the soil loose and in
this way changes the physical condition of the soil and the
missing plant food has been added.
There are other ways of making a clay soil more friable ,
such as adding sand or lime. The lime not only acts as a _loosening agent, but also as a plant food and a base for the mte!change of bases and acids. Sand also might be added 1f
practical.
. .
.
The effect of lime and humus on sand 1s different from 1ts
effect on clay. It fills up the spaces between ·the particles,
making the sand more retentive, while it loosens the clay and
makes it more easily workable.
.
In the schools at Llano we are teaching the boys and guls
the value of cultivation as a fertilizer, and giving them a knowledge of the chemical changes made by the air in the soil and
the physical condition for the penetration of the roots.
--()--
The following is the result of an experiment carried on at
the Huntley reclamation project experiment farm in Montana,
It shows conclusively the value of pasture for dairy cows.
Three-quarters of an acre of mixed grasses was used, con~
taining brome grass, orcha~d grass, perrennial rye grass, tall
and meadow fescue, Italian rye grass, Kentucky bluegrass, alsike clover and white clover.
This plot was pastured 150 days with two grade Jersey cows.
During this time the cows produced $52.07 in butter fat. The
supplemental feed amoun:ed to $15.92, showing an income of
$36.15 from the three-quarter acre pasture, which is at the
rate of $4R.20 pt>r ;u~rf' .
I·
�Page twenty
Woman After the War
r
T~e
WOMEN'S DEPARTMENT
By
Western
Ag n e s
H.
Comrade
Do w n i n g
CIETY is always changing, but the cntting, driving, · instance, there is a recent constant propaganda for larger
sweeping process of change is sharper to-day than families to make up the human waste of the war. Assuredly,
ever before. The social and industrial changes made the rulers are preparing the public mind for a stimulated
_ __ necessary by half of the nations of the world at war birth rate. This alone may lead the various governments to
are hastening great alterations in all departments of life, and retire the women from outside occupations by legal decree
if necessary. But such a policy may meet with little response
especially in the condition of women.
How much of this change will be permanent? How much from the outraged feelings of mothers and fathers who have
seen their best mutilated and destroyed by a mad war from
is but a makeshift for the emergency?
First let us take a glance at what the changes, are. In all which their people have not even profited. This distrust by the
the waring countries women are doing a large share of the people with the widening knowledge of birth control may make
industrial and administrative work. They are making mul)i- any artificial stimulus to the birth rate difficult. In fact such
tions of war; they are preparing the supplies of~the combat- an intimate question as birth of children will scarcely come
ants: they are handling machinery as women never did befere, under government advice. Whatever may be attempted the
and often at a rate of speed and nicety of adjustment that has question will doubtless remain, as it should remain, a personal
not been surpassed even by trained men. They are driving cars and individual problem. F ranee, during the Napoleonic reand cabs; they are farming; they are trading. In many com- gime, sought to quicken the birth rate by making the large
munities, especially on the continent, they are administering family the subject of national approval. But France led the
the affairs of the municipaI
governments.
Everywhere they are
serving in places which
require the highest degree of skill and dipkmacy.
This has a two-fold
effect. First there is
the effect on woman
herself, and second is
the effect on society.
Broadly stated, the
most salient effect on
woman herself is to
give her freedom from
worthless conventions.
H. G. Wells tells us
that in England today
women are paying little
at-tention to dress. For
the most part they go
about with the same
forgetfulness of style
as the average working
Any Game Ncar Llano? Several Beys Have Bagged Deer This Year. Rabbits Are Common Everywhere.
or business man. The
same is doubtless true
in other countries. Th1>
means a great release of woman's energy, for heretofore, to world in family limitation. just so in our own country. We
escape being considered a sloven, she has had to put much time never heard of a birth control society until a certain president
on the task of "looking her best." Men expected this "smart- declared against race suicide. Since then the agitation of
ness" in her. Her dependence made her respond. Now dress birth control has become fashionable.
is forgotten.
The more serious question is that of the industrial re-adThe all-important tasks of rearing children and household justment following the return of the soldiers. Will women find
service have yielded to national necessity. These things are it necessary to yield the places to them? It is quite likely
done in some other way. Woman free from the traditional that to some extent they will. But consideration for the war
life of her sex has become an important factor in industry.
widows who have children to support, and for other women
From this many predict a stable change in woman's po- who have lost their supporters in the war will still leave a
sition; they regard the present mutation as permanent. But large contingent of women, larger than at any time b(-fore
such a conclusion may be leaving out many important factors. the war, engaged in outside industries.
In all wars women have, more or less, taken the places of men,
But whatever woman's work, the world can never again be
but when the men returned women, in the past, always surren- as it was before the war. Too many things have been changed
dered the work and went back to the home.
and the change in women themselves will be one of the most
Will they go back again'?
potent changes.
There are forces in society that may insist that they do. For
(continued oa p&ge lwenly-n.iDe)
�Tl.e
Weatern
~ tw•ty-
Ce nrade
Facts vs. Fancies
- - 1HE United States today occupies a very peculiar sit~
uation in the making of the world's history. It stands
like a massive column of granite in the midst of ·a
___ world~wide conflagration, ruin and desolation. The
question is, will this column also fall and crumble away
into the smoke and ashes of this titanic struggle?
Many theories and fancies have been advanced which
would appear to save this country from such disastrous re~
suits. We are told that if we had a united organization of the
workers and were able to call a general strike in case of war,
this would be the one best remedy. Others say that if the
money power of the United States were in the hands of in~
dividuals, war would be impossible. Still others tell us that
if we had no ships and no army war would be averted. Some
raise their voices to the heavens saying that if we had courts
of arbitration we would have no war, and from other coun~
tries come other voices telling us we have but to change the
economic system and war will forever end. We have but to
change the system and we will be led from the wilderness
into the promised land where flows the milk and honey of
prosperity. Others tell us that the world is coming to an
end; that we have sinned and as we have sowed, so shall we
reap.
But, in spite of all the philosophies, theories, creeds, sects,
and isms, facts must be met with facts and not with fancies.
Commercialism must be met with commercialism; bayonets
must be met with bayonets; bullets must be met with bullets;
armies must be met with armies and not with sermons and
fanciful creeds. In other words, might still makes right and
might must be met with might. Thus the position of the
United States is a precarious one.
A policy must be adopted by the national administration
that can meet the contingencies that might at any moment
arise. In other words, we should be prepared. In our strug~
gles to adjust ourselves to our present circumstances, we
should sanely and thoughtfuly review the world-wide arena
and see along what lines we could best insure to ourselves
a secure peace.
Let us see what have been the winning elements of the
armies of Europe. We find that Germany has been winning
battles against terrific odds. Why? Because Germany has
for years been building not only a military machine, not only
drilling men in military formations and in handling weapons,
but she has been drilling and instilling into every German mind
and heart the one predominating idea- that each German is
a cog in one great big efficient industrial army, and her
success in war is not the result of her armies of soldiers, as
much as it is the result of her army of skilled mechanics
and of her system of trained efficiency.
The fact that she can build and operate railroads, build
ships, manufacture, farm and conduct all the industries that
supply the needs of a nation, for Germa-ny is a nation in arms,
is absolute proof of the practicability and efficiency of a
national industrial army.
The reason that England is now coming into her own is
that her industries are being organized into a great industrial
army, subject to the control of the English parliament, so
that she is at last able to bring her unlimited resources to
bear on the international drama.
The reason that Russia has "come back" is that at last
she is drilling her countless thousands of inhabitants into a
great machine that is manufacturing and producing food and
T
By Gray C. Harriman
clothing for her army and developing her tremendous re~
sources. In fact Russia, too, is evolving an immense indu~
trial army.
The reason that France saved Paris WM that every in~
habitant of F ranee became a member of a highly organized
and highly efficient industrial army. .
The reason that japan occupies the position that she does
in the Orient today is that the spirit of Bushido has been
drilled into the japanese and each and every member of L'-le
Cherry Blossom kingdom has become a part of that highly
organzied and efficiently drilled industrial army that consti~
tutes the backbone of japan.
So, after looking over the present international situation,
we find that an industrial army must come as soon as war is
declared in any nation. Therefore, since a national industrial
army is the most efficient means of supplying the needs of a
nation in arms; then an industrial army would be the most
efficient way of supplying the needs of a nation in times of
peace. And, since it is facts that must be met and not fancies,
then let the United States create an il).dustrial army. Let this
army be recruited from all our industries; let the men be paid
living wages; put this army to work on our railroads and in
our mines and in our factories, and, in fact, in every national
industry. If any other system is impossibly wasteful in a great
emergency like the present world war-why should we prac~
tice an impossibly wasteful system in normal times?
This army, while working in our industries and developing
our national resources, would also be self-supporting, and in~
stead of creating a deficit like the present standing army, it_
would be ad:ling a surplus revenue to the treasury of the
government. Great highways could be built, great irrigation
projects could be made, arid wastes and desert lands could
be reclaimed, mines could be developed, and, in fact, untold
wealth could be added to the assets of the people of the United
States.
This would eliminate the exploitation of the national r~
sources for the profit of individuals and in time of war, if war
should ever come, we would not have to create an industrial
army but would have one already created, trained, drilled and
experienced, which would be ready upon 'the spur of the
moment to feed, clothe and shelter a nation in arms, for it
would have had experience in feeding, clothing and shelter~
ing a nation at peace.
One of the lamentable conditions of our present standing
army is its low moral standard. That would be eliminated
by an army which was actively engage9 in a daily struggle
with practical things. It would also be eradicated because
of the fact that the men in this "industrial army would be paid
living wages and would be independent financially, would be
able to have families and support them properly and would
also be in the pink of condition physically owing to steady
occupation and proper exercise. They would not be cooped
up in barracks, nor housed under improper conditions, but
they would be constantly employed in big, practical industries.
They would also have the moral stimulus of being engaged on
constructive work and of not being idle parasites upon society.
They would he a part of our every-day life. They would
not be bulldogs to watch at our doors.
Labor has the sword of Damocles held constantly over its
head and that sword is the surplus labor market. Wherever
a strike occurs the labor market is full of men anxious for
(continued
OR
paae 29)
�MAG~ZINE
Pili• twenty two
SUMMARY
The
Western
Comrade
What Thinker.s Th.ink
The Substance of Instructive Articles 1n September Ma _g azines
ATLANTIC
Sing Sing: An Evolution.-The changing of human liabilities to human
assets is the chief end of Warden Osborne's new penology. The prisoners
are allowed to decide all · breaches of discipline, with appeal to the wardens' court. They are allowed to write letters and receive visitors on
Sundays and holidays. Mr. Osborne is working to bring about the payment of full wage~ to the prisoners, enabling them to support themselves
and their families. lbe sale of drugs and liquors has been stopped. When
the men themselves determined to stamp out the evil the thing was done.
- Frank Marshall White.
accomplishment was to define the law of electrical magnetism. Measured
in terms of service rendered it is bigger than the war in Europe. It means
that every time a motor hums it sings a song of homage to the little sage
of Schenectady. For years electrical engineers had dreamed of harnessing the power of rivers and waterfalls, but could not control the forces
they let loose. Steinmetz solved this problem and now we can abandon
all the dinky, coal eating expensive power plants throughout the country,
and let the rivers furnish us electricity, "Steinmetz is the world's greatest
mathematician. He is so wise that we never know whether he is right or
wrong. But he turns out to be always right."-Donald Wilhelm.
WORLD'S WORK
The Government An Employment Agency.-Men unable to secure work
where they are, cannot get away to a place where w<ltk may be had.
They are a dead loss to the governlnent as -" whole; they are a b.11rden
to the community which must support them, and they are a loss to the
community which really needs them and their labor and cannot get it.Silene A. Harmon.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
A Tale of Two Empires.-At the beginning of the war Germany had
a colonial empire nearly as large as the United States. Now it is all
lost except a remnant of East Africa which is expected . to fall any day.
All this conquest has been accomplished by British colonials who in addition are <Contributing the finest forces in the British ranks at the front in
France. This is such a contrasting tale of two colonial empires as the
world has seldom seen approximated. The. loss to Germany will be irrevocable because it has been afllicted on her by the British colonies, and those
colonies are going to dictate the terms of peace at the end of the war, at
least as far as the disposition of the spoils of war are concerned.- EditoriaL
AMERICAN REVIEW OF REVIEWS
Women in toe Krupp Works-In 1914 the Krupp works employed 36,880
men and 1241 women. In 1916 about 14,000 women were employed.
Long hours of labor and insufficient food have produ~ed 76.60 per cent
sickness among women and 62.31 per cent among the men. Women excel
men in the use of automatic machinery. They will play a still more important part in manufacturing after the war.
America and the Russo-Japanese Alliance.-The new Russo-japanese
Convention may be an entente cordiale or a downright alliance, according to the convenience of the high contracting parties. It ensures their
respective interests in Manchuria and Mongolia, but also covers the
cnhre Far East. Against what particular powers do Russia and Japan
propose to protect their interests after the present war? japan fears
Germany will try to revenge Kiau 0Chow and reestablish her sphere of
influence in China. On the other hand Russia is n constant menace to
japanese interests in Manchuria and it seems wise by an alliance to
prevent the northern bear from setting a snowball rolling down to the
gulf of Chili hy way of Pekin.·-Kawakami.
ILLUSTRATED WORLD
Elecrically Massaged Vegetahles.-Richard F. Gloede,
lllinoi• horticulturist, is experimenting with electrical treatment for . plants. Ninety
per cent of cutting, planted in sour sand, and too late in the season,
rooted and grew into healthy plants. Vegetables grow to extraordinary
size, develop more sugar and ripen earlier. Wire is laid along the ground
and attached to Iron pipes which are driven about three feet into the
ground. Overhead is a network of galvanized wire, from which wires extend to a point within a few inches of the plants. Both the ground and
overhead wires are connected to a step-up transformer, producing a high
potential, interrupted current.
Results seem to justify Mr. Gloede's statement that within a few years the use of electricity in agriculture will become thoroughly 'common everywhere.- W. F. French.
Germanizing the Coal Industry-When coal is broken down the first yield
is coke, raw tar, raw gas, and graphite. We make these four things.
From raw tar and raw gas comes ammoniacal liquor. We make that.
From raw gas are obtained benzol, cyanogen, sulphur, illuminating gas,
and ammoniacal liquor. We make those. From ammoniacal liquor comes
ammonia carbonate and live other compounds. We make those. From
ammonia carbonate is obtained refined tar. This is the keystone of the
dyestuff and explosive business, a hundred products in all. These we get
almost wholly from Germany. "We have started to Germanize the coal
business. And what we start we shall linish."- George H. Cushing
Where You Get Your "Second Wind.''-J'he ductless glands, the pitu·
itary body at the base of the brain, the thyroid gland in the neck, and the
adrenal bodies capping the kidneys, pour their secretions directly into the
blood stream. The first of these is the "ginger" department, the second
is the pacemaker and the third manufactures adrenin, the very essence
of life itself. concenrated energy. Dr. Crile calls the power created by the
ductless glands the " kinetic drive." Emotion. overwork', bacterial infection, overeating. etc .. all produce very much the same results by over:.! imulating thes• glands. Dr. (rile's concep!ton of the kinetic drive
seems likely to open up a wide field of discovery for the benefit of the
roco.-- William Brady. M. D.
Steinmetz.-Steinmetz was chased out of Germany twenty nine years
aao as a Socialist and now Germany wishes it hadn't. His ·first great
an
THE MASSES
Asia and the War.-The wealth of Asia obtained by force and fraud.
by flattery and falsehood, has made Europe fabulously rich, and caused its
demoralization. But that evil has brought its own retributign, in the shape
of the European war. Fighting for dominions and markets, the Europeans
are paying the penalty of their crimes in Asia and Africa. In its crushing
of India, England taught a peaceful and gentle people that goodness was
ruin. England taught India that it is efficiency in killing and robbing that
pays. Meekness and humility are preached by a people who · mean the
opposite of what they say. Euopean hypocrisy is fully understood in Asia.
No Asiatic who has learned the lessen of hate from Europe desires an end
to this war; they feel that the weakness of the enemy may bring the day of
deliverance nearer. japan's treaty with Russia is a counterstroke against
England. The nationalists of India and China do not expect to be able to
establish a democratic national government until the foreign exploiter has
been turned out.-d.ajpat Rai.
The Mexican Labor Movement.-The Mexican Federation of Labor has
grown to a strength of 250,000 members, and it is co-operating with Carranza. Under Carranza the workers are not only encouraged to organize,
but their organization is part of his plan for the new state which he is trying to create. They ha.v e adopted all the modern labor planks, and sugge&l
that Mr. Hearst save the women and children of his own country before he
comes down to Mexico to save the Mexican women and children. A great
feeling is arising all over Mexico that women must have equality with
men. -Edmund E. Martinez.
THE OUTLOOK
Commiuion Government.-The railways are being regulated by Con·
gress, the Interstate Cominision, the State legislatures, and the individual
State commi~sions. Two people cannot regulate a railway at the same time
any more than they can regulate a clo~k. Government ownership of raio·
ways bean great possibilities of evii. but the National regula tion of rail·
ways is the only practical solution of the present discordant and conflicting exercise of auhority. The railways of the country have become the
affair of the whole country. and only the Nation should say how they
shall be run.- Biewitt Lee.
When Will Peace Come?- The secessionists in 1860 believed that th,·
negroes were only higher animals, that slavery was justified by the Bii.JI ..
and that their peace, property and prosperity depended on scparatiuol.
They fought what they believed was a purely defensive warfare.
Germans have always lived under an autocratic government and kno,,·
no other. They have been trained to believe that war is a biological ami
moral necessity, that only the sword gives strength and that Germany hcs
a monopoly of Kiiltur, that their State. homes and the civilization of
which they were custodians was threatened. The South was not conquereu
until it was converted. German militarism is a spirit and can never be
changed by a force .from without but only by ·a revolution within. There
are many signs tha t this revolution in public sentiment has begun. EditoriaL
LITERARY DIGEST
Germany's Peace Campaign.- Not peace but war seems to be the true
object of the great nation-wide campaign inaugurated by the German
�The
Western
Comrade
MAGAZINE SUMMARY
"National Committee for Securing an Honorable Peace." Dr. Friedrich
Naumann regrets "'that our achievements so far have not convinced the
enemy that the historic decision has fallen in our favor," and he urges a
sharper prosecution of the war as the surest way to peace. "It must be
carried on with all the means which our superiority' in science and in technology places in our hands. and without hesitation, to the end." To sur·
render a war of intensity means surrendering Germany's economic future.
··our goal can be reached if we fight on with grim determination." Implicit
confidence must be placed in the men who are guiding the destinies of the
Empire. and the sharpened submarine warfare will come in at that moment
when the reasons for its postponement cease to exist."--Editorial.
METRO PO LITAN
Industry's Miracle Maker.-AII our heroes are practical men, and precisely because we are ignorant of the experience of the race--which is called
civilization-we daily accomplish the impossible. But there are great prob·
!ems to meet. Henry Ford's town. Detroit. manufactures six hundred million dollars worth of products every year. yet even here where there would
•eem to be work enough for all. the familiar slums of the desperately poor
are spreading like a plague. Ford started to improve things. He said "it
costs as much for a poor man to bring up his children as it does for a
rich man. No workman has a pride in his work until he gets something
for it. and has enough leisure to enjoy life." He began paying a minimum
'"age of five dolla" a day. and cut the hours from ten to eight, and the
output of his factory was trebled. He simply does not see why the rich
•hould have more than they need and the poor should not have enough.
Anyone will agree to tha t statement. The trouble with Henry Ford is
that he sets out to make it come true. He is that most dangerous of revolutionists- a man who translates platitudes into action. He is now building
Page twenty three
the nucleus of a plant to manufacure his earliest dream, a tractor that will
make the farmer independent of prohibitive short haul freight rates, and
do the heavy farm work. It will be very cheap. It will put the farmer
in possession of his land by paying his debt. And he can use all the unemployed making tractors. But the price of gasoline and denatured alcohol keep rising. -Ford is patenting a formula for fuel that can be produced
on the farm, and he is going to turn it over to the U. S. for the free use
of all the people. This will "bust" the motor fuel trusts, arid incidentally
sell Ford cars and tractors. He heard a rumor that the big interests are
going to get him another way-cut off his steel. He is acquiring large
iron ore deposits, and some believe that at a pinch he could invent a substitute for steel! He is working now on a scheme that will make farmers
and small shop-keepers independent of banks.
His plant has fifty-four acres under roof and employs thirty-three
thousand men. There are acres of whirling, clashing intelligent machines-most of them invented by Ford himself. He employs six hundred ex-con·
victs, as good and sober workmen as any on the plant. He is working out a
system for training his workmen, many of whom cannot speak English, for
good citizenship. This is only partially successful as yet, it is too pater·
nalistic. Without self government manhood is impossible. and he knows it.
His peace plan which brought forth jeers, hoots and laughter without a pa·
rallel in the world's history, has grown into the Conference of Neutral
Nations at Stockholm, which. at the request of all the belligerent governments has submitted twenty-one peace plans to the chancellories at· Berlin,
Vienna, Petrograd, P aris and London. And after all the ridicule Henry
Ford finds himself the first choice for President in Michigan, the second
choice in Nebraska, and a sort of Messiah of the common people of the
whole Middle West. -john Reed.
Thou Shalt Not Kill
By
Florence
M.
Reynolds
Why IS war? And what is it for?
Does anyone really know?
Why a few rulers should fly in a rage
And start out to murder, in this day and age?
Why they should calr on the youth of their land
And form them into a murderous band?
Does anyone really know?
Why is war? And what is it for?
Oh! Answer! Great Kaiser, and Kings!
Which one started this great war game,
(For which the people are not to blame,
But on whom the burdens must ever fall,)
Which one of you is to blame for it all?
Oh! Answer! Great Kaiser, and Kings!
Why is war? And what is it for?
Can anyone really tell?
Why we should tenderly rear our boysHoping they'd share in the best of life's joys,
To have them called out in a terrible war
To kill other boys, they know not what for?
Can anyone really tell?
Why is war? And what is it for?
Do tell us, Great Rulers, we pray!
Why you should tax and take from the store
Of your subjects, to build such great guns galore,
Battleships, rifles, powder and lead,
That ·o ther "God's" countries might be filled with dead?
Do tell us, Great Rulers, we pray!
Why is war? And what is it for?
Can anyone see the sense?
Why at the call of "To arms! " "To arms' "
Men should rush from cities and farms,
Take guns and go where mandate sendsPerhaps lose their lives, or take lives of friends?
Can anyone see the sense?
Why is war? And what is it for?
Can anyone understand?
Why the women should suffer like slaves
That their loved ones may fill soldier's graves,
Or perhaps return to mother or wife
Crippled and ruined for the rest of this life?
Can anyone understand?
Why is war? And what is it for?
Whom does it really pay?
The men who are taken from babes, wives, and mothers
Or sweethearts, mayhap, or sisters and brothers,
Sent tramping thro' mud and in trenches to lie
In the wet and the cold, perhaps there to die?
Whom does it really pay?
Why is war? And what is it for?
Oh! Rulers.! So high on your thrones!
Do you each pray the "Father" to bring you success?
On all of your battles to smile and to bless?
Are you praying to "God" to help you along
Regardless of whether you're right or are wrong?
Oh! Rulers! So high on your thrones!
•
Why is war? And what is it for?
Oh! Emperors, Monarchs, and Kings!
Is it carrying out the Infinite plan
Of the Master Builder, Creator of Man?
Who gave this command, "THOU SHALT NOT KILL."
Have you tried to obey the "Father's" Will?
Oh! Emperors, Monarchs, and Kings!
Why is- war? And what is it for?
Oh! Emperors! Oh! Monarchs! Oh! Kings!
If you'd all prayed aright to the "Infinite One"
For Wisdom and Love, ere this war was begun,
It would never have started, Love would have held sway,
And the dear "Prince of Peace" would be Monarch
today.
.
. _
Oh! Emperors! Oh ! Monarchs ! Oh! Kings!
�Po.ce twmty four
The W.ater ·We Drink
ATER is the wonder-worker of the universe. Next to
air it is the most important substance to our existence. It is a physical, social and industrial ess.ential
that brooks no substitute.
We may do without air for a few seconds and live without
water ior a few hMHS, depending on circumstaaces; while
we may abstain from food for days and reap only beneficial
results. Hence water is second in importance in our physical
economy.
The Nature of Water
Pure water is a compound of oxygen and"hydrogen, both
highly inflammable gases. Oxygen and hydrogen are elements;
their smallest possible parts are known as atoms; thus two
atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen rna~~ a molecule of
water. At its greatest density water is 773 times heavier than
air. Chemically it· dissolves a greater number of substances
than any other solvent. It is in this high power as a solvent
that its cleansing virtue is found. Herein lies its importance
to our physical welfare.
W!
1
The Water We Use
There is no absolutely pure water in nature. The nearest
approach to it is rain water that falls in the country districts,
but even that is not absolutely pure. There are always solid
and gaseous impurities in the atmosphere, much of which
are dissolved by the action of falling water. As soon as the
water strikes earth it begins to dissolve organic and inorganic
matter, becoming more and more impure as it goes along.
Happily these dissolved ingredients are not necessarily harmful. Most of them are elill}inated from the system with no
ill effect upon our organism.
Sources of Water
Rain, as has already been said, is the purest natural
source, especially if the water is collected in cisterns from tile
roofs after it has rained a day or so to thoroughly cleanse
the atmosphere. This is by far the saf~st way to collect rain
water. Such water is free from mineral poison and, if the
cistern is well constructed, the danger from organic impurities is greatly reduced. Rain water can therefore be considered the very best for drinking and domestic use.
Spring water, while generally beautifully clear and always
refreshingly cool, is never chemically pure. It always contains more or less mineral matter dissolved from the rocks
through which it flows. The nature of the impurity of course
depends on the formation in which the spring is found. Thus
in a limestone country the spring water will contain a quantity of lime in solution as well as other mineral substances,
and if there is a luxuriant vegetation near the spring the water
is sure to contain a greater or lesser per centage of carbon
dioxide. This much is true of all spring water. There are
springs that flow through different strata of mineralized rocks,
and here we find our sulphur. arsenic and iron springs. Soda
springs are also numerous. These are often called medical
springs, which is simply to say that their waters are unfit
for human con umption except in small quantities.
Ri,•er water as a rule carries much mineral matter in
solution as well as a vast amount of suspended matter of different kinds. Hence river water i less safe th;m spring water
unless the river is a mountain stream deriving its waters from
nearby snows.
Hard water is incompatible with soap so that little or no
lather is formed in washioi with it. The mineral substances
By Dr.
John
Oeq ·n e.r
that ~e this property to the water are chiefly magnesium
and calcium compounds. These waters are useless for cleansing. purposes usrtil the water has been pu~d of the mineral
held in solution. This process is known as ..breaking" the
water. Lye is chiefly used for this purpose. There is also
a hardness -o f water due to carbonates that can be removed
by boiling and is known as temporary hardness. Permanent
hardness, or that which remains after long boiling is usually
due to the presence of sulphates.
· Potable Waters
It is seldom that the inorganic impurities found in natural
waters are injurious to heal.th but the organic impurities are
generally· associated with living bacilli that may menace both
health and Me. If is known that such diseases as cholera.
typhoid fever, diphtheria and others are easily propagated in
water. These elements enter the water through drainage
that comes from houses and villages. It is true that through
the action, of sunlight these waters may become pure again :
nevertheless, it is unsafe to rely on this method of purification
as brooks and streams are generally sheltered from the sun
by overhanging foliage.
In general we may assume that springs, deep wells, and
mountain streams are safe sources of supply for general use.
Methods of Purification
In cases of disease or epidemic caused by organic impurities in the water, boiling will rencler the micro-organisms
harmle~s. Fer surgical and medical mes the water should be
distilled, and regions where the water holds a heavy per
centage of inorganic impurities it is well to distill it for drinkmg purposes.
Filtration
This eliminates most of the organic impurities and should be
done to all water entering a town or village for domestic use.
If this is not done scientifically the filter may become contaminated and itself thus become a source of danger.
The Physiological Action of Water
·""Water, water everywhere
And every board did shrink.
Water, water everywhere,
And not a drop to drink.""
In this stanza Coleridge draws a picture of a terrible
physical and mental agony induced by thirst. Water is tht:
only real quencher of thirst. It is also a balm for many ills.
Let us review its physiological action. Expf.!rience has taught
us that not only can water be taken internally as drink but thul
it may be administered advantageously as medicine, that 1s,
for therapeutic purposes.
For instance, we may desire to flood the tissues with liqu:d
to add weight to the blood column or to increase the tens:on
of the viens and arteries. To increase capillary pressure cold
water should be taken in small doses repeated at short intervals, say from ten to fifteen minutes, for several hours. When
on the other hand, we desire to abstract water from the tissues.
small quantities of cold water should be taken at longer intervals, three or four hours, or more. By this means the blood
becomes more consistent, more impoverished of water, and
so better able to carry the fluids from the tissues.
In extreme cases water may be withheld for six or even
eight hours. The more rapid absorption once initiated is not
confined to fluids such as in dropsy, but will also carry with
it other morbid products from the system. It i& herein that
�The
Western
Comrade
the systematic ingestion (drinking) of water is an aid in the
cure of dropsy.
When we increase the ingestion of water it also has a beneficial effect on the kidneys. It acts as a diuretic, that is, it
increases the secretion of urine, and with it goes a vast amount
of waste matter from our bodies. Through the elimination of
urea from our organism the changing of nitrogenous tissues
is materially enhanced.
The drinking of cold water aids the peristaltic (propelling
nerve and muscular movements of the bowels), thereby stimulati ng the circulation in the vessels of the stomach and viscera,
especially in the portal vein through which the liver is beneficially affected. A book cou'H easily be written upon this
subject alone, and a library upon the uses of water in the care
of the body and the treatment of disease, but for lack of
space we can suggest only a few of the uses and effects.
Effects of Temperature
Heating and cooling by means of hot water, for instance,
has a decided effect upon the nervous system . As examples,
Page twenty five
we may cite the sprinkling of water upon the face of one who
has fainted, or our changing moods and capacities after baths,
hot or cold.
Water has an action upon the circulation. It has been noted
by th~ writer that, through the application of cold water,
changes in the frequency and strength of the heart beat were
achieved. The breathing, and through that the circulation
of the blood can be affected. Then we might discuss the internal bath, the 'use of packing and sponging in fevers, a
thousand other ways in which water may be used for therapeutic purposes.
Conclusion
It is the purpose of this department to publish these articles
a nd any correspondence that may be considered valuable in
book form after they have run in the WESTERN COMRADE.
Any one who is interested in natural methods of healing
or who is afflicted with any ailment from which he or she
might have suffered is invited to correspond with this department. Enclose stamp.
The Llano I Saw
--ANY Socialists the country over are interested in the
j Llano del Rio Colony. This Colony after years of
, thought was started by Job Harriman and a few com' rades two years ago. It is situated some ninety miles
by ra il or road from the city of Los Angeles, California.
1\ number of Socialists in Wisconsin and Illinois were interested in it, and before risking the expense of the membership
payments and of mov,ing their families, asked me to go a nd investigate it - they paying my expenses.
I found it much bigger and better than I had ever imagined,
although I had read everything that had been printed about
it from the very start. Instead of a wilderness, I found a busy
town with over eight hundred inhabitants. This is ·their temporary town. In it I found over two hundred and fifty houses
and tent houses, many of them quite commodious and comfortable.
The industries were a marvel, considering that a little over
two years ago this was all sage brush and rabbits.
There are three school~. a hotel, assembly hall, library, general store, paint shop, barber shop, bakery, cannery, machine
shop, planing mill, postof!ice, sawmill, shoeshop, steam laundry, doctors' offices, a nd many other enterprises too numerous
to mention.
Two tractors, motor trucks, about a dozen automobiles, seven ty-five work horses, over a hundred cows, several hundred
hogs, thousands of rabbits and chickens, a herd of six hundred
and fifty angora goats about to come in; these were among
the possessions of the Colony.
Hundreds of acres of the best land I ever saw were under
cultivation. Alfalfa produces six cuttings a year, Grain of
the best, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, turnips, beets, onions, lettuce, radishes, cucumber, corn, tomatoes,
peas, bea ns, canteloupes, and watermelons; peaches, pea rs.
apples, figs, almonds, olives, and many kinds of berries.
The buildings being put up for stock and everything else are
111ost modern, clean and sanitary. The celJlent silo, of four
hundred tons capacity, is one of the best.
The fish hatchery will in time supply all the fish needs of the
Colony, besides much for the market. The bees supply a ton
of honey a month ; the cows a thousand gallons of milk each
wee k.
M
By Walter Huggins
The colonists are now producing for themselves over eighty
per cent of the food stuffs they consume.
Their brass band of fifteen pieces is the talk of the valley.
They also boast of a mandolin and guitar club and orch'estras,
and their baseball team is the terror of the neighborhood.
What interests many visitors most is the work the boys and
girls a re doing in their own sepa rate colony, and the Montessori school for children. The former are cultivating sixtyfive acres of garden, and the a mount and variety of vegetables
and fruit they are producing are wonderful.
----._
They are also raising hundreds of chicken and rabbits and
some goats. The bigger boys are assisting in the construction
of all their own buildings. These are mostly of adobe bri,~k.
the one they are most proud of is their young people's club
house, now under construction.
The Montessori school is one of the best in the country.
Their school is over a mile from the temporary city, so the
children are taken every morning in autos, and brought back
in the afternoons, their lunch being served at the school.
The entertainment side of life is a big feature at the Colony.
Dances, card parties, musicales, lectures, picture shows, etc.
The assembly hall seats about seven hundred and it is one of
the busiest you can find anywhere.
I was more than pleased to see this effort of the Socialists
such a success. Nearly every trade and occupation is represented by first class workmen, farmers, fruit growers, mechanics, builders, etc., with a sprinkling of so-called intellectuals.
All are busy eight hours a day, and four dollars is the amount
placed to their credit for the day's work.
The foremen of each department, of which there are a score
or more, meet at seven each night for half an hour to arrange
and distribute men. teams, machines, etc., for the next day.
All seemed to be enjoying life as it should be enjoyed.
asked not only the officers about things, but enquired of about
forty men and women how they liked it, and what they thought
of the future of the Colony; <and all were more than
enthusiastic.
To me it was a revela tion. Here were more than eight hundred men, women and children, seemingly ninety-nine per cent
Socialists, solving the grea t life problem, getting food, cloth-
�Pa~e twcnly six
Th e
W estern
Comra d e
ing and shelter from mother earth. The food at~d h_o usins
(c:~~i~.:d- rr::-;~; 17)
question they have practically solved, and the clothmg IS next
on the list. Capitalism touches them less than any group of o f snow on the summit which lasts nearly all summer; a great
pine-clad wall , cutting us 6ff from the friction a nd worry of
civilized people on the earth.
They have made mistakes, they will make more. Let us. the distant competitive world. From Llano it looks like a
steep faced wall, but when you start to cross it you find yourhope that they do so. for if they did not, they would make no
self winding through rock canyons, along the · rushing waters
progress.
o f the Big Rock Creek, or Climbing through the giant pines
Some have left the Colony, others wiiLdo so. It is so differto the wild enchantment of J ackson's lake.
ent from the life of a capitalistic town that some cannot fit
T urning your back on this protecting wall the vast floor of
themselves to it. They are used to the glitter o f the shops and
the Antelope valley stretches away to the q uaint unearthly
shows, a nd the bright lights, and Lla no is so different, that
outlines of the desert buttes and behind them the far summits
some will arri ve there and not fee l satisfied . But the majority
of them stay a nd will stay. for they see a future there for them- of the Tehachapi range show faintly on the horizon. The
selves a nd their families th~t is sa fe a nd secufe, such as capit- .desert with its immeme dista nces, its mystery and color, the
mirages a t sunrise and the splendid rose and purple of its
a lism ca nnot guaran tee.
sunsets is the keynote of the place. It reca lls visions of
And they would be a lot of weakl ings if it did not go. They
Arabia, Egypt and Tunis, parts of Greece and Spain, and its
have the finest clima te, soil , and - water; a·tid everything in
construction problems are those that have ·been met in those
the mount a ins a round them - timber and lime, a material that
countries.
takes the place o.f cement ; a bout a ll they buy now for buildThick walls ward off the summer heat, cool a nd shady
ing purposes is hardwa re a nd glass.
patios, fountai ns a nd ground cover, eliminate the wide, bare
Life for man and beast is most comfortabl e; few flies, no
spaces where otherwise the wind <1 nd sun might riot unmosquitoes or fl eas. no thunderstorms. Who would not like
restrained. T he dry clima te makes it possible a nd n!o.;i
it? I a m not surpri sed that it is growin g at such a ra pid rate. desirable to live out of doors practically all the year around,
I only hope tha t many such colonies will be started by the
and the wonderful scenery calls for a n open outlook in ;)ll
Socia lists a nd the working class. but always like this one, in
directions. The flat roof, accessible by wide a nd easy sta:r:;.
a mild climate, with li ttle or no winter. where the housing
with carefully planned sleeping accommodations. with walls
problem is simple. I wou ld not waste my time writing of this
so a rra nged as to alford privacy, with comfortable seats, .and
Colony were it to be the o nly effort a lo ng these lines. I be- plants and vines to keep the place cool and restful. will conlieve that Ll ano has started right. on a large scale, which is the
stitute ideal o utdoor living conditions.
only sa fe way these ci{lys of starlin g a nything. I fee l sure
In the winter, the sheltered pa tio will cut off the force of
that ma ny others wi ll copy from Llano, a nd even avoid some ·. the winds, the solid concrete houses will not rock a nd cre~k
errors they have made. •
in the heavy gusts and will conserve the heat from the o pen
fireplaces. Even the roof is so a rra nged that on a minute's
I hope tha t many. ma ny thousa nds of the working class
notice the open sleeping places can be converted into four
will solve this life q ue>tion. starling wi th Mother Earth, our
tent houses, each with th ree concrete walls a nd ha lf o f the
natural inheritance.
roof of solid construction. A sun parlor-dining room will also
make a n idea l living room in cold weather.
T he com fort- the habitability of the house having been
Telephone Home A-4533
co nsidered, i~s outward a ppeara nce is next in order. Let us
HARRIMAN & LEVIN
not go a t the problem with any cut-and-dried architectu ral
Attorneys at Law
form in mind, but let its external aspect evolve naturall.v from
the material employed and from its internal pla ns.
92 1 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Concrete calls for extreme pl <~; inness and simplicity. On
Building a Socialist City
A Colonist
Invented
the Wrench
Shown Here
h hns SIXTEEN Point s of i\dvanlage over any other wrench
on the markcl.
\Vou ld you buy on C' a t a reasonable price if you were gavcn a
gutl.rantcc with it ?
Or accept a seiling agency a t a fair profit that would pay you
fo r your time?
moncy · back
Before ge lling it manufact ured the invento r wishes to ascertain
what demand can be expected.
Prof1ts made from the ,ale of the wrcnrh \\'ill be tu rned to •~ r
Llano del Rio Colony.
Please wri te what you are wi lling to do.
t\DDRESS : INVENTOR. WESTERN
COMR~\DE.
LLANO. C.l\t .
�T he
We s tern
Comrade
Page twenty
the other hand, from the point of view of economy of construction the concrete wall can be made lighter if buttresses
a re used. The deeply recessed doors and windows, and the
buttresses, if properly handled will produce masses o f light
.t nd shade of the highest artistic value.
The roof garden almost a utomatically eliminates eaves.
They cou ld be handled in the Spanish way, as a sort of pretence at a roof , beginning nea r the wa ll line and projecting
out side over the street , but this would add greatly and unnecessar ily to th e expen oe. A terrace effect, a light pergola ,
<ome vine s a nd a few potted pl a nts, express the constructive
reality of the case . It is a roof garden and should look the
pa rt. Ges ides thi s tou ch of g reen and color above the plain ,
light surfa ces of the wa ll s. will be extremely effective.
"'ow he re you ha ,·e, growin g of itself out of the condition s,
.t il a rchit ec tura l styl e th a t obta ins, with a thousand local
1 a ria tio ns. a ll a round the Mediterra nea n.
The Italian vill a,
usua ll y very la rge, has ro ws of hi gh na rrow \~·indows, a very
heav y corn ice . and a roof ga rden with rows of architectural
1 ase s a nd ha ngin g plants.
The Spa nish house has heavily
·~ r ate d windo ws , perhaps a hi ghly ornamented gateway, and
the fl a t roof ma sked by th e ea ves aforesaid. The Moorish
house is ab solut ely pl a in on th e out side, with neither buttre sses nor ea\es . There may be a g ra ted window, sometimes
a ra rely bea utiful doorway. But in side, the pa tio may be a
d rc<un o f ca rvin g a nd fo untain s and tropical greenery, and
the roo f roo ms <1\·a ilabl e under different condition s of sun and
11·ind. In Egy pt a nd Arabia th e same type of priva te dwell In g is customa ry, but in Egypt. especia ll y in a ncient public
l,uildin gs. the hi ghl y characte ri sti c Egyptian pillars and design,
di ffe re ntiat e it s a rchitectu re a bsolutely from that of any
ot her country. The sa rne may be said of Greece; th e essential po int s of C ree k ,a rchit ec ture are so definite and so
widely known , th a t th e leas t experienced eye recogni zes them
imm edi a tely .
We ha ,·e he re a n enorm o us ra nge o f decora tion that ca n
he dra wn on to va ry the simplicity of our buildings without
~, o i n g out side th e ge nera l type , a nd ma ny wi ll doubtless gel
.t cert a in amount of aesthetic pleas ure in dallyin g with decora tive schemes of different kinds; but those wi ll be best advised who tru st to line and masses for their effects.
Our little brothers, the over-rich, are contin ua lly hiring
some one to redecorate their hou ses ; they soon tire of even
the mo st ski llful and a rti stic decorat ive schemes ..
The one thin g no one ever tire s of is well balanced, re stiu l simpl icity.
.
Would. You Like
to Reduce Weight?
Send For This Successful Treatment
"Obesity---Its Cause and Correction"
C]
One user of this treatment reduced from ISO
pounds to 117 pounds and fou1.1d improved health.
Many others have used it with satisfactory results.
NO MEDICINES OR DRUGS USED
C0mplete $5.00 Course Now Only $3.00
because there is no rent to pay at Llan~ . For full
information write to
Mrs. C. M. Williams, Llano, California.
Installment Members Take Notice
f]l The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is in the market
for figs, prunes. peaches, raisins, etc.
C] You can assist in putting us in touch with those
who have them .
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. LLANO, CAL.
Photo Post-cards of Llano
The Industries, Views, Scenery, Activities, taken
from act ual photographs .
5 cents each; 55 cents a dozen.
. SOUVENIR CLUB. LLANO, CAL.
(jJ GET A LLANO RUG FREE. These bea utiful
Ru gs are 2 7x54 in ches and come in red, blue,
g reen, a nd <;>lher trimmings. Artistic, durable, and
suitable for a ny hQme, they are very desirable
premium s.
(jJ The Circulation Department will
gi•.e one FREE for
C] BACK NUMBERS of the WESTERN COMR ADE are needed to complete our flies. J an uary
Apri l. May , a nd jul y numbers for 19 14 a re missin g.
Comrades who ha ppe·n to have th em will co nfer a
favor o n us by mailing them to
THE WESTERN COMRADE.
25 Subs. to the WESTERN COMRADE at SOc
25 S ubs. to the LLANO COLONIST at SOc
20 Comrade a nd Colonist · Combinations at 75c
LLANO , CAL.
--- - ---- .::::- ... ------- --
Circ ul ation Department, Llano, Cal.
-. .
If You Received Two
WESTERN COM RADES this tirpe, pass one of
them on to neighbors or friends who
ested. Get their subscriptions too.
le\'•
I
I lome A 2003
r.lain 619
A . J . STEVENS
DENTIST
)
l- - - - 306 Sou lh Broadway, Los Angdes, Cal.
Room 514
�'P~ge twenty eight
The
The Western Comrade
Entered as second-class matlor a t the post office at Los Angeles,
CaL
~
PUBLISHED EACH MONTH AT LLANO, CALIFORNIA
Subscription Price Fifty Cents a Year
--
-
- - --- ------ - - - -M~tnaging Editor.
JOB HARRIMAN
FRANK E. WOLFE
Editor.
Contributing Editors
ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
G. BUXTON
CLINTON BANCROFT
ERNEST S. WOOSTER . .
MILDRED
A. CONSTANCE f\l. J-,"JiN
DR. JOHN DEQUF..R
WESLEY ZORNES
.
.
Business Manager
In making change o f address always give your former one so that the
mailing department may Le certain the right name is being ·changed.
-·
VOL. IV.
--- --
----------OCTOBER, 191~
-----~-
No. 6.
LLANO IS MONEY ORDER POST OFFICE
Many of our subscribers complain that Postmasters tell them that
Llano is not a money order office. This is not true. Llano bas been
a money order office for months. Insist on havinr money orders
issued to Llano, California.
New View of Llano
u
By Frank E. Wolfe
PON our return , after seven months absence from
Llano, scores of 'the comrades met us with the same
question: "Have. we grown? How does the Colony
_ look to you? Do you see any changes here?"
These questions were asked before we had an opportunity
to look about and once more become acquainted with the new
conditions there. Even now, this is written before we have
been nearly over the entire ground. Of course we were able
to keep somewhat in touch with affairs through our daily routine correspondence with heads of the various departments,
but we had no real understanding of the remarkable demonstration that has been made. One day at Llano taken up with
breathless activity does not give one an adequate idea of the
situation, but in the one day we saw many enterprises that
were new to us. Among these newly established industries
and activities we saw the steam laundry with its big steam
boiler and the tireless and energetic engine which runs not only
the laundry, cannery, and printery, but which also saws the
juniper that forms a large part of the fuel of the Colony. This
boiler was furnishing steam for the cooking vats in the cannery, and hot water for the shower and tub baths in the new
bath house. We saw a dozen barrels of vinegar in the making.
We saw thirty persons working in the cannery, where fruit and
vegetables were handled with expediency but with greater
care as to cleanliness than in any. other cannery in tht: competitive world. Everybody realized that they were preparing
food for their own table.
In the printery we saw in operation a new linotype, a big
rotary press, smaller presses, folder, stitcher, cutter and other
machinery that goes to make up a modern printery. This
laundry, bath, cannery, printery and the building in which they
are housed which were all a dream seven months ago are yery
real and indispensable parts of the Colony now. In the apple
room we found tons and tons of apples which were being
sorted and rapidly taken care of as were other fruits and vege-
ti
Western
Comrade
tables. A quick look at the rug and carpet weaving plant
showed substantial progress made there.
The same held good for blacksmith and machine shop, the
cabinet shop and the shoe shop. The planihg and finishing
mill has been rearranged, enlarged and improved.
A glimpse into the offices of the publishing department
showed several active workers in charge of mailing lists and
various duties incident to an important phase of Colony promotion. Wrapped copies of 'The Llano Colonist" were piled
high on the long tables, and it was easy to see reason for the
growth of theLlano post office. A brief visit to the Art Studio
was inspiring, and deepest interest centered around some of
the newer pieces modeled by the master in charge there.
Then we saw the new lime kiln in full operation. This kiln
will be the source of a large portion of the building material
for the new city. Lime from this kiln is being used in large
quantities in the construction of the permanent irrigation
system. On the new city site we found half a dozen foundations of a substantial type already finished and ready for the
houses that will spring up for the permanent homes of the
colonists.
At the sawmill we found a splendid outfit of new machinery
installed in most substantial and workmanlike manner. It is
ready and only awaits the arrival of the logs to begin tu;·ning
out large quantities of lumber. These logs are ready, and the
day this is written the wagons start hauling logs ; millions
more feet of lumber await the axe of Colony lumbermen.
Thus we found everything moving forward toward the construction of permanent homes and public buildings in the city.
We saw a capital logging road that has recently been completed from the sawmill to the mountains. Some time ago it
was predicted that it would take us a year to build thi~ road.
Ten weeks saw it completed and instead of costing $12,000
to build, as it would have cost any outside parties, the cash
outlay has been comparatively small.
We saw in one garden the finest cauliflower and cabbage
imaginable, and with it eggplant, squashes, tomatoes and other
vegetables. We saw three acres of thriving strawberry plants
and heard plans for extension. We saw thousands of quarts
of ripe sunberries awaiting the hands of the pickers. We saw
teams and crews drilling the last of an eighty acre field of
new alfalfa, and heard plans for fifty acres more at once.
Three hundred acres of this will be planted by spring. We
saw crews of men clearing land with a giant tractor, and other
crews cutting and hauling vast quantities of juniper wood for
fuel. We saw all this and more. We saw greater activity
· and enthusiasm, more earnestness and deeper understanding,
more pride of achievement and confidence in the future than
ever before. We lind here the pioneer spirit and the strong
and determined characters that will move steadily forward.
Never was there more ground for hope and enthusiasm.
Our success is assured. We have, of course, a great task
ahead of us, but we shall be equal to it. We shall go ahead,
brave enough, bold enough, firm enough in our confidence in
ourselves to surmount all obstacles and continue our drive
to success.
- o-Dear Comrades: It gives me great pleasure to inform you that I have already
secured eight subscriptions for the WESTERN C0:\1RADE.
for which I enclose you a check of four doll ars. I hope to get
some more in the near futu_re.
Hoping to live among you comrades, and do my share in the
establishment of a real commonwealth, I remain.
Yours >incerely,
N. C- - . Los Angeles.
�Tlte
We s tern
Comra .ie
The Story of Boyland (continued from page 13)
The system by which the boys are placed in first and others
of these groups is imperialistic democracy. Each Monday
morning, we hold a meeting Df what is called the court; first
the boys of the third and fourth group meet together and they
decide which of the school belong to their own group. Any
upper group boy who has not lived up to the maxim noblesse
oblige may feel pretty confident that this meeting of the proleta riat will result in his downfall. Upon the other hand, they
decide that one of their own members has conducted himself
so circumspectly as to deserve greater liberties. Boys of the
second group are now called in and determine which of the
remaining boys ought to go into the second group and which,
if any, deserve first group privileges.
Of course, I, or sometimes one of the other men, am present
at their proceedings, since otherwise the harshness of boy
"j ustice" might be carried too far; but our action is only for
the purpose of stimulating the mental activity of the boys
themselves. These courts teach the bOys valuable lessons of
~e lf gevernment, discovering traits in each other which would
have escaped the observations of us adults and impress upon
the boys that standards of conduct held up to them are the
characteristics they admire and not merely exotic ideals invented by persons foreign to their own point of view.
Facts vs. Fancies
(continued from page 21)
every position at any pr.ice. Thus capitalism has a great club
in its hands as long as it can keep the labor market flooded
and it is for that rea,son that men are imported from all ·over
the earth, and capitalism will contine this process if possible. It needs a flooded labor market and that means about
flve men for every job, and that means that capitalism can
pay low wages and that means big dividends.
Thus, as we look back over this plan we can see that it
would eradicate our unemployed problem, that it would give
an outlet to our labor market, that it would train an efficient
army, that it would be self-supporting, that it would be a
source of revenue instead of deficit, that it would develop our
national resources, and last, that it is the only safe a:nd sane
policy of preparedness which would adequately meet any
contingencies that might arise.
Woman After the War
(continued from page zo)
What woman will do in the society that must be re-made
is not as important a question as what she will bring to this
new society. May it not be hoped that her long ages of devotion to others in the home will give her that sense of patient
co-operation that the world so much needs.
Women have seen the agony of their sons in the present
pa s that has destroyed the wealth and treasure of centuries,
and ruthlessly ruined the lives of the present generation, beides leaving a bitter heritage of hatred for the future. Wo- ·
man awakened will not be satisfied to stop this catastrophe
with a treaty that ' ill last only until the time is ready for another clash. They will \ ant to deal with the causes of the war.
ommercial and industrial competition, rivalry for world markets, and the power of government in the hands of the commercial and even the feudal class - these are the thing,. that
'inu t be reviewed.
And if women are once awakened, the power of maternal
protection, that saves even the beast babies of the jungle, will
be u ed to supplant competition with co-operation, and autocracy ' ith democracy.
.For Latest Styles
for NeweSt FancYwork
For Delightful Stories
For Money-saving and Labor-saving Ideas
For V,ery Bt!st. Recipes
For Be~t \Vays In Houskeeping
For Home Building and Beautifying
For Dress Accessories
For Secrets of Beauty and Health
For Sane, Sympathetic Editorials
For Inspiration and Recreation
For All Matters of Interest and Value to Home-Loving
Women
For Household Short Cuts
For Practical Child Training
For Best Ways In Care of Babies
For Women In the Spotlight
For Helps In Church Work
For Aids To The Farmer's Wife
For Pleasure and Good Cheer
For All Thoughts That Make Life Richer. Brighter,
More Worth While.
BE SURE TO READ
TO DAY'S
MAGAZINE
FOR
WOMEN
tjJ Each coming number of TO DAY'S will contain
such a feast of Stunning Fashions, Gripping Stories, N~w
Fancywork, Valuable Helps, Recipes, Delightful Entertainment, Labor-Saving and Home-Making Ideas that each number
will prove a real joy to you.
What To Day's Does and Does Not .
It tells women how to make and wear their own clothes; not
how Mary Garden wears hers.
It tells women ho,.; to dreu , rear and care for their own
children ; not how the Duchess of Muchmoney dresses here.
It teache< women how to furni sh their own homes, but not
by pictures of Andrew Carnegie's dining room and library.
3 for $1.00
WESTERN COMRADE, 50c
LLANO COLONIST, 50c
TO DAY'S MAGAZINE, 50c
$1.50 For $1.00
Any Two For 7Sc
Make up a Christmas Combination and make
your money order payable to
WESTER COMRADE. LLA '0. CAL.
�T h e
Page thirty
What Our Mail Brings
Dear Comrades:Sometime ago you mailed me a copy of the WESTERN
COMRADE. I read it with great pleasure and passed it on to
others, all of whom were as well pleased to not.e the progress
made by the Co-operativ.e Colony. Four of us decided that we
would like to keep in touch with the work. You will therefore
find check for four subscriptions to the WESTERN COMRADE.
Fraternally yours,
j. D-- . Philadelphia.
- 0-
Comrades: ~
Enclosed please find money .order for 75 cents for one year's
subscription to the COMRADE and the COLO~IST.
One WESTERN COMRADE makes the rounds of five different families before I get hold of it~ so I am trying to relieve
R. H- - .
the pressure.
-
0-
Dear Comrades: ! en::lose check for $15 .00. for which send the monthly and
weekly publications of the colony as per list enclosed , a nd the
balance in sub-cards t~ me.
Yours for the Colony,
G. C---·
- 0-
Dear S irs:! came acro56 your WESTERN COMRADE; il is gra11!.
Please send me the COMRADE and Pearson's magaLine for
one year.
j. D--- .
-
C o m r a. d e
The Cooks' Corner
Edited by Chef Robert
The coupon must be used in asking questions and must he .
mailed to the Culinary Editor, Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
Cut it out and pin it to your letter.
Any recipe will be given. also translations of French or
German menu terms.
This department is not confined to American cookery; it
is international-French, German, Russian, Chinese, Spanish.
etc.,
Culinary Editor, The Western Comrade
0-
Dear Comrades: .
The WESTERN COMRADE for August-September, came to
hand yesterday. Please accept my thanks; it -is a dandy, and
I am much pleased. I wish I could come up there to see the
Colony. I expect there is a great change since I was there two
years ago. Perhaps my wife will come up there soon with
another lady who intends to investigate the Colony.
Fraternally yours.
] . ]. H- --. El - - , Cal.
-
W e s t· e r n
0-
Dear Comrade: I want to keep in touch with this project. I want to come
there myself later on. Wishing you success. I remam,
B. 8 - - Yours truly,
--o.:_
Dear Folks:. Enclosed you will find, after moderate search, a half dollar.
which you may count as my subscription to the LLANO CO!..ONIST beginning with its first issue.
I take the COMRADE, but am so interested in the work you
are trying to do, that I am delighted to get weekly news about
that work. Mr. Pickett and wife and the Montessori teachers
interest me especially, as I am a teacher myself.
Wishing the Colony and you all the success that your
plan merits, I am,
Yours truly,
C. W. C.
-o- Dear Comrades:! spent two days in Llano looking about the place:. Though
I only reached points I could walk to, I am more than pleased
with what I saw. Fourteen months ago I took .out an installment membership, but had never seen Llano until Sept. 24.
I am thoroughly satisfied with the great co-operative demonstration and I shall close up my affairs as rapidly as possible
with the intention of becoming a resident. I shall most certainly advise my friends to take out installment memberships.
Nevada.
W. R. 0--.
Name .........................................................................................
You are a t. liberty to ask a ny questions you desire, and
they will be answered by Chef Robert. This department is
instituted for the benefit of the housewives who read The
WESTERN COMRADE, a nd they a re urged to make good
l!Se of it.
-()-
Chef Robert: Will you please tell me how lo make di ll
pickles ? T.C.P. , Idaho.
Recipe to Make Dill Pickles.
Choose all cucumbers of uniform size. Cut off both ends,
pack in a n earthen or woode n vessel, put plen ty of dill on
top and bottom of receptacle, pour over a brine prepared as
follows: boil water enough to cover cucumbers, add to each
gallon of water eight ounces of rock or cooking salt,
a few cloves, some cherry leaves, or grape vine leaves. When
liquid is cold, pour ove r cucumbers, cover with a wooden
or earthen cover-never use tin or other metal utensils. Press
by putting heavy stones on cover. The pickles will be ready
for the table in ten days .
WANTED.- PLAYER PIANO OR PIANO PLAYER- Communicate with
the Llano del Rio Colony, Lla~o. California.
WANTED.- THE WESTERN COMRADE IS IN NEED OF AN EXPEHI cnced Pressman; must have Union Card in good standing.-Communicalc
with _Llano del Rio Colony, Llano:_,•__:C::::·
·a::,:l._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
WANTED BY THE LLA.NO DEL RIO COLONY: SEWING MACHINES
suitable for Shirt and Overall Faclory; Cullers and Forewomar. for Shirl
and Overall Faclory.- Givc refc renc~s and slate experience.
TANNER WANTED.-TANNER WHO HAS HAD EXPERIENCE AND
can give suitable references as to ability.
Communicate with the Llano del Rio Colony, Llano, Cal.
Do You Like To Draw?
CARTOONISTS earn big money. Our modern up-to-date home study
method can leach you this well paying profession at a low cost. Send 4c
for illustrated boolr.lel and sample lesson pla<c.
LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING·
415c Thorpe Building, Los Angeles •• Cal.
�Do You Read
PEARSON'S
--The Magazine that prints facts which no maga~.ine depending on advertising could "afford"· to
print.
--The Magazine that prints in each issue the
tru:h aGout so:nething of vital interest to you.
The Magazine which is supported by its readers
nnd not by its advertisers.
- - The Magazine which handles public questions
rcarlessly- - And yet which prints delightful and entertaining ftction for the entire family.
Silbscription Post Cards
For the WESTERN. COMRADE and ·the LLANO
COLONIST. (jJ Cards of two styles. Those selling at 50c eacl~ are for either the WESTERN
. COMRADE or the LLANO COLONIST.
fJl Those selling at 7Sc each are special Combination cards for both publications.
fJl SPECIAL RATES: Six S.Oc Cards for $2.50;
Six 75c Cards for $3.75; Three SOc Cards and
Three 75c Cards for $3.25. fJl This offer is good
only for a limited time.
WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL
/
By sprciill
with Pearson's w e arc able to
dubbin~ offer until November 1.
.1rran gc.·m t·nl
rn.1kc you the followin g
You ca n get both PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for One Year by
>ending One Dollar to
Circulation Dept., Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
After November 1st this rate will be raised to $1.50
Socialist Christmas Present
(jJ Send your F r~ends the WESTERN COMRADE
and the LLANO COLONIST.
f] The WESTERN COMRADE is SOc a Year, 2Sc
for Six Months.
(jJ The LLANO COLONIST is SOc a Year, 2Sc
for Six Months, IOc forT wo Months.
(jJ BOTH of them for One Year for 7Sc to one
name and address.
(jJ Make your checks or money orders payable to
Llano del Rio Pub. Dept., and address Llano, Cal.
"THE PEST"
"ADOLESCENCE" and "SLUMMING"
By
EMANUEL
JULIUS
Three Clever Plays
Something to smile at when you read, or to roar
at when you see them played- yet they'll give
you something to ponder over, too.
Eugene V. Debs says of Emanuel Juliuo:
He has a most interesting style and all of his matter has
life in it and pith, and appeals strongly to the reader.
You'll make it a grea t deal stronger than that when you've
read "THE PEST," one of the most lucid, straight-from-the
shoulder thmgs ever put into print. The others are just
"" good and they all come in the same little booklet.
PRICE TEN CENTS
THE WESTERN COMRADE, LLANO, CAL.
New Rugs from Old Carpets
Installment Members:
(jJ The LLANO DEL RIO COLONY is at present
need of
10 Tons of Alfalfa Seed
A Carload of Wheat
Dairy Cows and Range Stock
Angora and Milk Goats
Sewing Machines suitable for Factory Work
Tanning Outfit
fjj We are now in a position to make immediate
use of many articles and machines which have
not been practicable for us heretofore.
fJl You are invited to correspond in regard to
the needs listed above.
LLA 0 DEL RIO COLONY, LLANO CAL
111
fJl Don't throw your old carpets away-they are
still good. Have new rugs made from them, beautiful and durable rugs. Old Chenille Curtains and
table covers can also be used in
Llano Rewoven Rugs
fJl Old Ingrain, Brussels, Moquette and Velvet
rugs or carpets can be re-woven into rugs suitable
for any home.
fJl Rag Carpets, Rugs, and Art Squares also
woven, every size and style.. Ask about beautiful
LLANO POSTER RUGS
fJl Write for descriptive pamphlet and prices.
We pay fr eight one way on orders amounting to $5.00.
Ship Direct to the Rug- Department
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, PALMDALE, CAL.
�This Goat Belongs to· Uano Boys
They have a flock of goats, blooded Swiss milk stock. They have
chickens, turkeys, rabbits, horses and pets. The boys.· a~e building- a henhouse eighty feet long. They are building a club house one hundred and
twelve feet long.
Does Your Boy Have this Chance?
Or Is He Roaming the Streets in Bad Company?
W
HAT sort of a future a re you :lal)ning _for your
children?
What are your gtrls learmng?
their environment good?
Is
Are they spending their time
profitably? Are they following healthful pursuits?
A membership for you will give them .the opportunity
they need. You can make them healthy, robust, happy.
They will
1J~~ practicable things and develop as you
would like to see t hem.
There is an opportunity for you and your family
at Llano.
..
· children
Its many developing 'industries offer your
.
the scope of opportunity that will permit
to _select
tJm
They can /r-e this selec-
the occupation they prefer.
ti·on by· actual contact; each- child gains a thorough
un~erstanding of the different lines of work.
And then above allto'i• · •· e freedom, the independence,
~
.
the assurance of steady employment, the protection in
old age.
A membership
in the Llano del Rio Colony
is the only perfect insurance.
Write at once for ''The Gateway to Freedom" and
other descriptive literature
Llano Boys Have Their Own Livestock
Llano del· Rio Colony
THE WORLD'S
Llano
II
G~EATEST
CO-OPERATIVE COMMUNITY
Los Angeles County
California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-10
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1916-10
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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v04n06
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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PDF Text
Text
The Western Comrade
August -September, 1916
Price Five Cents
, - - - - - - - - IN THIS ISSUE - - - - - - - - . ,
Victor Berger on His Recall
Natural Law in the Home
By
A.
CONSTANCE AUSTIN
A T r i p to .L I an o S p r i n g s
B y R. K. W I L L I A M S
The Co-operative Commonwealth
By
CLINTON BANCROFT
The Air We Brea-the
By DR.
JOHN
DEQUER
�I
The Gateway To Freedom
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE name of the Nevada Colony Corporation has been changed to the LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY OF
NEVADA. This has been done in order to conform to the name of the only ·colony enterprise in which we
are interested-the LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY, situated in Los Angeles County, California.
We are not interested in any colonization enter prise in Nevada, or any other state outside of California.
Another i;·aportant change has been made in that we have decided to issue our former contracts instead of the one
we offered as the Nevada Colony Corporation. This makes the terms of membership much easier on the members.
Instead of asking $2,500 for memberships, we have de cided to continue on the $2,000 basis. This requires the
member to pay $1,000 as the initial fee, .and to work out the remaining 1,000 shares at the Colony, a't the rate
of only one dollar per day instead of two dollars per .day. Outstanding contracts will be changed to conform to
·
this when requested.
'
The LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY is interested. in only one magazine-THE WESTERN COMRADE. l"his
is an illustra ted monthly magazine devoted to the came of co-operation and Socialism. It has been issued by
the Colony since its inception. Job Harriman , founder of the LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY, is the managing
editor. The Western Comrade will print stories in each issue covering the activities at the LLANO DEL RIO
COMMUNITY. The . subscription price is fifty cents a year.
Foi lowin g is the pl an to which we have returned: each share-holder agrees to buy 2,000 shares of capital
stock. Each pays in cash or installments, ~ 1,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each receives a daily wage of
$4, from wh ich is deducted one doll a r for the stock he is wo rkin g out. From the remainder comes his living expenses. Wha teve r ma rgin he may have above deduction for stock a nd living expenses is credited to his individual
account, payable out of the surplus profits of the enterpri se . If an installment member falls ill, is disabled or disemployed. the Colony gives him every opportunity to re cove r a nd resume payments. In no case will he be crowded. If he finds it impossible to resume payments, we will, upon request, issue stock for the full amount he has
paid. Thi s is transferable a nd may be sold to his best adva nta ge. In this we will undertake to assist wherever
prac ti cable. Corporations arc not allowed by law to dea l in their own stock.
The Weekly Newspaper, lHE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news of the world, of the Socialist movement
and of the Labor movemen t in co ndensed form. It ca rries th e colony news, etc. The subscription ra te is SOc
a year. Both th e Western Comrade a nd the Lla no Colonist to one name for 75c.
What The Llano Community Offers You
W
E !J an.· an ab undance of sparkling wa ter from mo untain
sufftcient to irriga te th o usands of fer tile acres wh e re
natu re's bounty is limitless . \Vc arc conduc tin g an agricultural, ho rtic ultural, stock raising ent erprise . \Ve have a number o f
indus tri <l l plant s opcratin_g anJ a number of o th ers projected. \Vc
slrt.'il lll S
have nea rl y 800 resident s at the new city of Llano and thousands
of o th ers <~rc planning to mak t· it th ei r home in the fut ure. There
arc excelle nt schools, amon :J th em a wonde rful IVlo nt esorr i schoo l
which takes cha rge of the children at two
)Ti lfS
of age .
Schools
ra nge from this to the hi gh schoo l..
Writ e today for an ;;pplica tion blank, fd l it out and send
toge th er wit h .:t rem itt ance of $ 10 or more to SC'Clii"C your membership.. Y ou· <.: i'ln th en arrange to pay $ 10 a month or more un til
yo u can so adjus t your affairs tha t you can make fma l payment and join your com rad e~ who have already born'<'"- the firs t
brunt of pio neerin g.
-y--
The climate is delightful. the soil fertile, the water pure and the
present. success. This fac t must be obvious to all . The management of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fa ct thnt there is a numberless army that cannot take
advant a::\C of this plan of co-operation. Many letters come in
tha t breath e bitt er and deep disappointment. No one could regret
thi s more th an we do. It is our hope that the day will come
when successful co-ope rati ve groups can say to their stripped, robbed and exploi ted brothers: "'You who come with willing hands
;md unders tandin g of com radeship and co-operation are welcome."·
The in stallment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a
month is prov ing sa tisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade
is prov idin g for the futu re while hi s brotl1ers and sisters on the
hnd arc bearing th e bruni o f the pionee ring.
social life grows mo re idcal as the colo ny in creases in number~.
P
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon
the payment of $ 10.00 or any other sum less than the
initial payment fcc. Hundreds write and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amo unt , or in some cases, nothing at all ,
then enter the colony and work o ut the remai nder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thou·
.and applica tions.
The money derived from these initial paymen ts is used to pay
for land, improvements machinery and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultu ral undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along sound fin ancial lines in order to continue it.
Fam ilies entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
<~ II the clothing. much of the material · they draw, costs money.
The initial membership fcc goes to offset the support of families
until the colony shall be on a paying · basis.
W
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasians
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
Hindus, Mongolians and Malays. The rejection of these applica- ·
tions arc not due to race prejudice but because it is not deemed
exped ient to mix races in th ese communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad . All household goods and other shipments should be
consigned to the name of the owner, Palmdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the colony's warehouse
until ordcr<;d moved to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise they cannot be moved and storage or demurrage
may be charged. Freight tra nsportation between the colony and
�the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
in the colony" s auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
he well to ship only lighter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should no t be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
d o own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the depart·
menls devoted to those industries. Th~ aim is to keep the r,,.idence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
I
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N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inRexible rules and regulations
the greate r the harmony. Instead of a n elaborate constitution
and a set of law~ the colonis ts have a Declaration ·of Principles
and they live up to the spirit o f them. The declaration follows :
Things which arc used p roductively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over- those of
ony individual.
Liberty of ac tion is only permissible when it does no t restric t
1he libe rty of another.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the Com:nunity a lone.
The individual is not jus tly entitled to more land th an is suffi cient to satisfy a re asonable desire for peace and rest. Produc ti ve
land held for profit shall no t be held by p rivate owne rship.
Talent and intelligence a re gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of o thers: The development of these by education
is the gift of the Community to the individual, and the exercise of
g rea te r abi lity entitles no ne to the false rewards of g reater possessions, but o nly to the joy of g reater service to o thers .
Only by identifying his interests a nd pleasures with those of
o thers can man find real happiness.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to d evelop ability
to the g reates t d egree possible by availing himself of all education a l
facilities and to devo te the whole ex tent of tha t ability to the
service of all.
The duty of the Community to the individual is to administ<r
justice, to elimina te greed and selfishne55. to educate all and to aid
i\ ny in time o f age or misfortune .
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
M
ANY persons who want to know h ow the a ffairs o f ill<'
Llano del Rio Community arc conduc ted thin k. in o rd c·1 lo
ge t this info rma tion. they tnt,isl secure it copy of it co;Jstitution a nd by -laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Com munity contents itself wi th a "declaration of principles" which j,.
printed above.
management of the Colo ny res ts with tlw
board o f manage rs, a member of which is th e supe r;n tcnJcnl
and his two assistants. These ma nagers arc selec ted fo r IIH'i1
fitness a nd abilit y. The business a nd fin ancinl a ffa irs o f th e cn tc1
prise are conduc ted by the board of direc tors who arc elec ted lov
the s tockho lders. The corporation by-laws a rc the stereo typed co1 poration by-laws of almos t every ~ tate . The o nly innovation is in
the rC's tric tin ~ o f anyone from \"Oting more than 2000 shc1rC'!'o of
s tock. regardless of ho w ma ny shores a rc held. As this is to I><·
th e ultima te holdin g of every member, this i• co nsidered a s trong
protecti ve clause. The incorpo ra tion charte r is also the usual t yp~..
and gives the corpo ra tion the right to transac t almost all mannN
o f business. llte Nevada corpora tion laws arc liberal. safe, anJ
well construed. There is no disposition on thr part o f sta re
o fficials to interfere.
·n,e
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
T
HE LLI\NO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a rema rk able form
of management tha t is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs o f the colony industries are in the hands
of the vario us department managers. There are about twenty-fi\'c
of these departments and in each department there a re di visions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen. All these arc selected
for their experience and fitn ess for th,c position . At the managers·
meetings as many persons as can crowd in the room are always
present. These meetings are held every night and they are unique
in that no motions are ever made, no resolutions adopted and no
minutes are kept. The last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these nightly
meetings the work for the next day is planned, learns arc allotted.
workers are shifted to the point where the needs arc gr~alest.
and machinery is put on designated \,•ork. transporta tion is arranged, wants arc made known and filled as ncar as practiablc.
The board of directors, members of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise. These direc tors arc
on the same basis as all their comrades in the co lo ny. At the
general assembly all persons o ver eighteen yea rs of age. rcsidin~
in the colony, have a voice and vote .
WHAT COLONISTS ESCAPE
T
HE electric light bill, the wate r bill, the doc to r s bill, the d1ug
bill, the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the d entist's
bill, the school book supplies bill, the sewer assessment bill.
and car fare. the annoyance o f the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual haft! luck).
the hundred and one g reater a nd smalle r burdens o n the householder. and the lean weeks ca used by discmplo ymcn t and the co nseq uen t fear of the futur<'. The re is no la ndlo rd and no rent is
ch arged.
While they arc charged ·with living expenses, fo r food and cloth ing, the colonists ne ver_ fea r meeting the g rocery bill. the milk ,
the clothing bill, the laundry bill, the b ut ch r r"s bill. a nd o the r
inevitable and multitudino us bills that burden the struggling workers
. in the ou tside world. f or the tax bill h e ha s no fear. ·n,e colony
officials a tt end to the d etails o f a ll overhead. T o co lo nists the
amusements, sports, pas times, dances, ente rt a inrnC'nls ;m d a ll cqucat ional facilities are free.
·n,c Diroctors of the company are: J ob llarriman, p res ident :
F rank E . \Vo lfe, vice-presiden t and a ssis tant secretary; C . P .
McCorkle . treasu rer; F. P. McMahon, vice -presiden t ; \V. A.
Engle. secretary; D. J . Wilso n. vicc-p rrs iclon t ; J. E. l3cum;
.'\ . F. Snell. and Emma J . Wolfe.
Llano InduStries and InStitutions
Already Established
New Ones are Constantly Being Added
Oot·h;orJs
Po ulry y ....d,
Dra ft ing room
Shoe >hop
Laundry
Cannery
Habbitry
Ga rdens
Cr mmissa ry
Print shop
Post o ffice
Cmnping g.-ounds
Indus trial school
' Gramma r school
W a rehouse
Machine shop
Blacksmith shop
llvg raisin ~
fl rick prd
Lu miJc ring
M_a gazinc
Newspaper
Rug work!'
Flour mill
Souvenir cluh
Planing mill
Paint shop
Bakery
Fish ha tche ry
Lime kiln
Saw mill
Barber ·shop
Two w eekly dances
Brass band
Mandolin club
Dai ry goa ts
Orchestras (t wo)
Dairy
Cabinet >hop
lh th.
Sv\,·inuning pool
Quartets
Sc.cialist lora!
Nursery
Sludios
Ho tel
B.. scball
l.rctu res hy visitors
Cleaning
Ga rage
Alfalfa
il!ld
Dy,_.ing
Montessori school
Comme rcial classes
Library
�: :
Information About The
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
T
HIS is the greatest Community Enterprise ever
launched in America.
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and is
situated in the bea utiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles
County, California a few hours' ride from Los Angeles.
The community is solving the problem of disemployment
a nd business fa ilure, and offers a way to provide for
the future welfa re of the workers and their families.
Hen: is a n example of co-op<:ration in a ction. Llano
del Rio Colony is a n ent e rpri se uniq ue in the history
of community groups.
It "''" estab lished in an a tt empt to sohe the problem
of UIIC!Ilploymen t by providing steady employment for
th e workc1 s ; assure sa fety a nd comfort for the future
and for old <1ge; to guarantee educa tion for the childre n in thr best school under personal supervision
a nd to provide a social life a mid surroundin gs better
th a n Cil n he found in the competitive world.
i\hout ROO persons a re residents of the new city of
Llano. m <t kin ~ it the la rges t town in the Antelope Valley.
More th an 200 pupils will a ttend the opening of the
sc h oo l ~ thi s year. Plans are under consideration for
hou sin g pupils in an eco nomical a nd very healthful manner. The Montesorri school. the largest in California,
will J,e COJlt inucr1 as th e first step in the school system.
Pupils will he taken throu gh the intermediate work and
given High School tra inin g. During the ·summer a
Vacation School ha s bee n conducted in which botany.
domesti c sc iences. agriculture, biology, la nguages. practical fa nni ng a nd other subj ects h ave hee n ta ught in a
,·cry successful manner.
Sc\'cml industries a rc being operated by the school.
such ns Cil rin g for the chickens. milking goa ls a nd ga rdenin g. To please the children the school ha s been
na med the S ierra Madre . colony. The boys huild
hou se,;, fa rm a nd la ke· care of their own li\'c stock. The
girls !t-arn sewing nnd cooking. The children feed a nd
partly clo th theJmeh·es. R abbits. chicken . turkeys.
hor,;es. goa ls. and ma ny pets arc o wned by the children .
They lcnrn co-operatio n and de,·elop a sense of respon>ibilit . hc~ ides ha\'ing a good time a nd acg uiring an
duc:nt io n. They luwc 65 ncrcs of ga rden now and next
year they expect to ha ve more tha n !00 acres. T heir
pouh r department will increase the present one thousa nd or more to 25,000 chickens.
The colony owns a fine herd of l 05 J ersey a nd Hol>tcin ca ttle. besides about 80 head of young stock
ranl'ting from ralve. to heifers a year a nd a half of age.
The 75 work horses, large tractor. Caterpillar engine,
three trurks. and numerous automobiles do the heavv
work and the hauling.
·Thoroughbred Berkshire • Duroc-jerseys, and Poldnd
China are in the hog pens. Experiments will. demonstrate which are the hest . uited to Uano. Stock will be
kept pu·re and high prices will be commanded.
About
200 head are now on hand.
In the rabbitry are about 3000 Belgian and New Zeala nd Red rabbits. The number will be ultimately multiplied by about ten when qua rters are constructed to
accommodate the increase.
The nursery shows thousa nds of grape cuttings in
the ground. and thousands of shade and fruit trees,
as well as berries.
Honey is a pa rt of each day's food supply. Bee
colonies number 668 and are · in charge of expert bee
men. Several thousand stands will be the number in
a fc\\' years.
They nre increa.sing ra pidly.
Among the industries a re the la undry, printing plant,
ca nnery, hot el. planing mill , saw mill. machine shop,
rug weaving plant, fish hatchery, brick yard, lime kiln ,
a nd ma ny others. An ice plant, ta nnery and shoe factory are expected to be among colony industries soon.
By acquiring the timber on a portion of the San
Gii hriel Forest reserve from the United States government. the securin g of lumber for building is made easy.
One million feet will be cut a t once. without injuring the
forest.
Fa rmin g on a large scale hy u,;e of modern machinery
wi th ex perie nced fil rmers in cha rge of the different
ac tivitie ~ Sa \'es lahor and expense a nd ga ins quick
and sa tisfactory results.
More ~;nde n will l,c planted each year, a nd each
year's snccess "'ill lwcome more pronounced as the
ada ptability of ditlerent species il nd the resources of the
soil ilre better understood. Community· gardening is
hi ghly sati sfactory.
Soc ial life is delightful. The Llano baseball tea m has
hecn ,·ictorious th roughout the valley. Dancing, swimmin ~. picnicking. camping. hunting, f1shing, a re popula r. Lla no boasts of a brass band and several orchest r;•s. Lit erary enlcrtainmc nh; are an esta blished fea ture.
The :cvera l hundred acres now in a lfalfa a re to be
increi1 >ed hy a t least 300 acres more this fall; the land
is now being prepared. This yea r seve n cuttings are
confirlently expected . Two orchards are producing.
!\bout 400 acres in a ll a re now planted to trees. All
;ne doing extremely well a nd a re healthy and growing.
More than 26,000 two-year old peach, pear and a pple
trees were planted last spring.
Six hundred a nd forty acres have been set aside for
the new city to be built. The brick yard and the lime
kiln are hath wnning. When it is considered time to go
ahead. the construction of the new city wt11 be commenced. It will be different from any other in the world
and will be unique. comfortable, sanita ry, handsome,
home-like, modern. and harmonious with their surroundings.
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August-September 1916
ISSUED SEPTEMBER
1Oth
1 916
Page
Cove r Page
By Dr. J ohn Dcquer.
Showing a Scene a J ackson's La ke
The Ga teway to Freedom __ ___ ____ ________ _ ---------------
2
The Soils of Ll~no
19
4
Feeding For Egg Produc tion.......................
19
/\ Synopsis o f the Bookle t o f the same name
I nformation /\bout Llano __ ___ _____ __ ____ -------------
6
Fron tispiece
Reproduction o f )c,st mon th'.!' cover, !>ho, \·ing the hu ~c
po lit ica l s i~n b uilt nr;n Llano by the coloni !' t ~ .
7
Eclitorial>
Ry J ob Harriman.
-·- ····-· --· ·
10
Robert K. \Villiams takes his ,·isitot s into the bcauti ·
ful mo unt a in s and show s them the wonde rful rcc rcal ·
ion ~ ro u nd.!' Q \q1('(.1 by tht" rolony.
Ll a no Grow> In Attrac tio n ..
12
Depic ting th e rapid g rowtll o f inJus trirs a t the Llano
J cl Rio Co-opcrali>•c Colony.
14
The Llano Mon tessori l eacht~ r is conducting a school
a ! the Exposition; she !ells aboul her wo rk there.
The Llano Mo ntessori School. ............ ___
15
Oliver Zo rnes.
Que~tions a nd An swe rs About Lla no Colony .... 20
An At't Voca tion ............... ..
ll1c second of a srri<'~
:1nd Music .. src tio n.
Wha t Thinke r;. Think .....
. .............. 21
o f ar ticle s in
thr
".:\rts
.. ................. 22
S ubs tan ce o f le'a d ing 'n rticlcs Ill lcading lllil\!i\Zincs.
News of the World ......................................... 23
Boiled do 1m lo the fewe• I words possible.
The Co-ope ra tive Commo nwealth .
.. ..... 24
By Clinton Bancroft.
J ottings of Juliu s..
.24
.. ... .... 25
Vic tor Be rger on His RecalL ......................... 26
A S tra nge Re fe rendum ............ .... .... ................ 26
By Florence Pie r Griffi th
Character ---- ---- ------------------- ------· -·-·--- ---·----···---- 15
By Rober! K. Williams.
By A. Cons tance A us tin. who
thing new tO think abo u t.
Zor~~~-.:- ................ ................... ..
The Growth of Co-opera tion .. .
With Prude nce Stokes Brown At San Diego...
Natural Law In The Home
By Wesley
By
S tatis ti c;')! ;tnd o the-r ln formaiion
A T ri p To Llano Springs__
Page
The Air We Brea the ....................... ....... ............ 18
With tl1e Hustle rs......................... .. ............ ...... 27
A Letter from He nry Va n Arsda le ................... 28
--- --- ---------·
16
g ives the rcaJ cr some-
Letters from Colonists........ ....... .............. ....... 29
W ha t Our Visitors Say ___ ...... ....................... 29
Of Inte rest To Women..
17
l n tf' rrs tin~ lc ttr rs from those· who h ave be~n to Llano.
Our Next Issue
The Next Number of The Western Comrade will be
Issued about OCtober 1Oth
(jj Si nce the WESTERN COMRADE is now es tablished in it s own home a t Lla no . it is hoped
to issue each numbe r qn time. a nd in fu tu re you may look for your magazine a bout the
tenth of each mon th .
(jj Yo u will a lso notice an improvement in t he quality a nd gel-up of its co nte nt s from
month to month that will please you . NOW is the tim e to subsc ribe fo r yourself or friend.
: :
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: ::: -: : :=-=:=:=:=;
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�i\t Llano, 800 Socialists a re building the commonwealth
of economic freedom .
T hey own iheir industries. their land and its resources.
T hey are succeedin g.
They offer you the opportunity to become a member in the
~~realest of all co-operative enterprises, the most complete
eve r established.
THIS PICTURE
LLANO SOCIALISTS
ru n on the cover page of
the last issue o f the WESTERN COMRADE gained
the a pproval of Socialists
for the builders of the sign.
Buill lh is t\2. ton permanent poli tical card of roc ks and houldt·r:>.
200 g<tllons of Llano-made whitr\vnsh makes. it v i ~iblr for I\\Tn :y
Dimensions : 220 feel long. 190 feel deep.
miles. :md legible for f.ve mile,.
Time req ui red lo btiild, 610 hours.
Seen each week by 6000 tourists on the So uthern Pacif1c railroad.
�P ol itic a l
Acti on
Co-operation
Dir ec t
Action
The We-s tern Comrade
Devo .ted
to
the
Cau se
of
the
..
Worker s
_;cc_:--~---
LLANO, CALIFORNIA , AUGUST-SEPTEMBER, 1916.
Editorials
" THERE is nothin g to arbitrate." "We have no proposal
to make." We demand our pound of flesh .
We mu st have ten hours of energy from three hundred thou;and men each and every day. This is our ri ght ful tribute.
"'athing short of thi s will suffi ciently multiply our power
and supply our lux11ries.
We demand the police . th e militi a, a nd the stand in g army
for our protection.
The law. th e law - we dema nd our rights under the law.
What is th e matter with a new law? Are billions of doll a rs
nf property more sac red than hundred s of thou sa nds of hum an
lives? Is property more sac red th a n the li ves th at produce it ?
The police, th e militi a, the a rmy to enforce the law.
Why not a new law? The owners are few. The producers
;ne many .
Make a new law - Congress! Put all transporta tion un der
e~ overn ment ownership.
The few have had enough , they
,.:ill go their way.
The many will rejoice in the fruits of th eir labor.
The a rm ed force of the nation . fr ee from th e stain of a
hlood sac rifi ce. will rest in peace.
- aF all th e ridiculou s notions th at ever ra n rampant 111 the
Social ist Pa rty , the mo st ridiculou s is the dema nd th a t
Victor L. Berger be reca ll ed.
Recalled for what?
Recalled for advoca tin g th e "Prepa redn ess of th e work in g
class".
The shade s of Marx and En gels hav e often had rea son to
tu rn over a nd groan , but today heave n is resoundin g with
·crea ms of "Vas ist ....
O
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BOUT one year ag:l the Commissioner of corpora tion s got
out a report against the Ll a no del Rio Colony which wa s
un-precendented in the hi story of corporate experience. Probably no other company in the state of Cal ifornia could have
withstood the blow. Had the report been true we could not
ha ve lived three month s. The fact that we have lived an d
a re thriving should be sufficient to open the eyes of all our
comrades and cause them to rally to th.e work with a determination to make this colony a great winner.
We are here working out the principles of co-operation wi th
such success th a t all comers marvel at our wo rk.
Nos. 4 and 5
By Job Harriman
The Commissioner's report is bein g secretly se nt broadcast
all over the country. Who furnishes the money a nd who are
the culprits we are un able to learn. T hi s mu ch is true, th at
there a re capita lists interes ted in the ruin of thi s colony. They
may as well abandon such hope.
Those who ha ve been decei1·ed have wait ed a nd waited for
our demise until the repm·t has become as tedious as a twicetold tale, a nd no lon ge r inspires fear and apprehension, but
only disgust for its a uthor. The reac tion has set in a nd more
letters of in quiry are bein g rece ived, and more prospects are
coming th a n eve r before in the hi story of Ll a no.
-oUR social problems a re as important. as fa r-reaching
and as vita l as those pertaining to our economic welfare.
Under ca pitalism we possess a ll characteristics that are developed by th e consta nt clashin g of ever-conflict ing interests.
We a re forced to fi ght each other for th e opportun ity to
struggle with nat ure. The stru gg le with our fellows becomes
so keen th at every conceiva ble advantage is take n. Honor
ceases to pla y a part; dece ption, fraud and trickery become
the rul e of ac tion ; th e successful become arroga nt and feel a
social superio ri ty; and the norm al, hum a t1e ai1d affectionate
im pul ses. a re .transformed, fir st into feelin gs of aversion and repu gnance, a nd fin ally into jealousy, hatred and revenge.
Out of this maelstrom spring such characteristics as are
fo und necessa ry for survival. Under thi s brutal and relentless
st ruggle these traits have become more or less in grained in our characters a nd dispositions. Under thi s influence man ofttim es becomes so hard and brutal to his fellows that his heart
ceases to pl ay a ny part in the a ffairs of hi s li fe .
In order th at our lives may be normal, that our minds and
hear ts may act na turally in a ll our affa irs, two funda mental
proposition s are necessary.
First: An equal ownership in all the social means of produ ction.
Second: a n eq ual income.
F re-m these two condition . if es tablished, a n en tirely different civilizatio n would a ri se.
The first proposition would elimina te a ll conAicting interests .
The second would eliminate a ll unequal social a nd edu -:ational ad ·<a ntages.
Both proposition s would develop a co mmunity interest.
unify the public force. permit a united a nd unrestricted
O
�Page eight
EDITORIALS
struggle with nature, establish a COitd oi sympathy between all,
and open a way for the heart to function in the affairs of man.
As conditions now are, each is for himself. His power in
the community is measured .by what he takes and holds from
the community and uses for the gratification of his whims and
his ambitions. ·
Under the latter state, his power would be measured by the
service he rendered to the community and to individuals.
One condition develops selfishness, greed, hatred, jealousy,
;.;,bition and all the animal characteristics.
The other develops generosity, affection, mercy, gentleness,
love. mora l courage and all the characteristics· of a citizen
inspired by a social passion ·a nd a n aspiration" to serve the
community and his fellow men.
Do you q uestion this deduction? Come to Llano and see.
--oHE failure of the America;! farmer to co-opera te, as they
do in Europe, is being sorely lamented.
Do not fear; be patient. Nature is relentless, co-opetation
a mon g the farmers will follow their hardships and fin ancial
distresses as naturally a nd as certainly as wolves assemble in
The small animals
packs after the fall ing of hea vy snows.
are covered a nd co ncealed by the snow a nd the wolves are
compelled to band together and jointly attack a nd devou r
more powe rful prey.
The manipulators of the ma rkets a nd of finance ~ re snatching from the fa rmers the fruits of their labors as effectually
as the snow conceals the food from the wolves. The farmers
are thus forced to unite, not only in co-operative production.
but also for th!' joint control of their markets a nd of their
fina nce.
Necessity knows no sentiment.
It speaks to men and wolves a like.
Unite- become efficient--or die. This is na tlne's ma ndate.
Time is given. The pressure comes slowly but irresistibly.
The mandate is decisive.
--oN the days of the Revolution, jefferson was the man of the
.hour. Hamilton was a .theorist born out of due season.
The one stood for states rights, the other for the concentration of power in a highly centra lized government.
The theory of the one conformed to,. and was consistent
with. the interests of practically the entire population. who
were engaged in an infinite variety of widely diversified · and
undeveloped industries.
The theory of the other was inconsistent with the popular
interests of that period, but gradually became practicable as
the industries grew from handicraft into machine production
and passed from individual control, .first into partn ership, then
into corporate, and lastly into trust control.
In those days therP. was no interdependent relation nor vital
connection between the industries, or commercial interests of
the va rious states; hence stales rights a nd locai :;el f-~overn
ment.
Today all the states are ·bound together, both by railroads .
T
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The
Western
Comrade
and by the ~entralization of all the large industries under cor-..
porate or trust. control; hence interstate commerce laws.
It is the i~dustries of a country, their magnitude, their uses·
and abuses thai determine · what the laws of that country
shall be.
As the industries and interests become ~ational, the laws
become national.
The laws always follow but do not precede the industry . .
Power, whether industrial or otherwise, ~s most efficient
when concentrated. Hence the -ever-present, irresistible tendency toward centralization. The laws of a country merely
describe the operation of this power. The development of law
therefore, is determined by the industrial development.
In those days Congress had only such power as was granted
by the Constitution, while the state legislatures had all
power except as far as it was restricted by the respective state
Constitutions. The~e Constitutional provisions were founded
upon the theory that the people in each state possessed all
power and that the state legislature was, in fact, the people in
mass assembled, except where power was withheld, for actual
popula r vote. Congress had no inherent power, but was compelled to acquire all its power by grant from the people.
In those days this theory was true in fact, because the industries were small and local in character, and w_ere controlled
by the individual in each locality.
Today that theory does not apply. The energy of the
people is being- absorbed by and exerted through national industries. Hence Congress in its legislation does not wait · for
new grants of power, but unconsciously assumes the power,
when it defines by law how the energy of the people is being
directed by means of the national industries.
In those days jefferson's theories were right: today they are
wrong.
In those days Hamilton's theories were wrong: today they
are right.
Shall we then say that Hughes is right and Wilson wrong?
It would be far nea rer the truth to say that they are both
wrong .
It is true tha t states rights are being forced out, and a highly
centralized government is being forced in, by the mge of industrial development. But we must not forget that this indus·
trial power still Aows from the muscl~s of the people, and IS
generated in the blood of each individual.
In times of peace this industrial power of the people is
static. a nd its operation through industries, is defined by our
civil laws.
In times of civil war this power becomes dynamic and cease~
to flow from man to the industries, but is directed against both
the industries and their manipulators. This change of attitude
by the people arises out of the abuse, by the manipulators. of
the industrial power.
Such a struggle is now on in the railroad industry. The .
clash of interest will force the -railroads to function more for
the popular interest than they have perviously don.e. This will
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EDITORIALS
Le defined by law. Thus the public force operates finally to
the end that the energy of the producing public be conserved.
Failing in this, revolutions follow.
It is apparent, therefore, that the centralization of power·
will irresistibly persist; that its operations will become ·manifest
in a highly centralized government; that our national laws wili
foHow, describing its operations; that the abuses, together
-...itn the manipulators will be eradicated, and the fruits of the
industry v..:ll be used to conserve the energy of the people from
which the industry draws all its power.
Concentration of power and centralization of government,
result in efficiency.
Distribution of benefits and conservation of the energy of
the producers, result in solidarity and peace.
Whichever party follows these fundamental tendencies will
win permanent and abiding victories.
-o-OOSEVELT has gone into the "silence." May its JOYS
com fort. console and susta in him there forever.
R
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RIME I What is crime ? Is it not the ext reme infringement on human rights? Is not the taking of human life,
rega rdless of how it is taken, the most heinous of all crimes~
Whitt a familia r word is crime. what divergence of opinio•1
regarding its meaning!
Wha t crowns of glory rest upon the brows of the powerful.
and how many hearts are broken and lives cru shed beneath
their iron heel.
Whot:ver wins the crown by committing a crime will always
interpret the act as a virtue. Every added jewel confirms
him in his interpretation . until fin ally it becomes a cOI1viction.
The dazzling gold and sparkling jewels, with all the power
they represent, cha rm the thoughtless a mong the multitude,
until they, too, accept the criminal act as a matter of necessity.
With their eyes rivetted on the pomp a nd pride of power, they
overlook the trail of human gore and forget that the dead
along that trail, literally starved to . death because of robbery
a nd violence. The fruits of these criminal acts are seen in the
palaces and mansions a nd castles of the rich, appointed with
ebony and pearl , with tapestry and costly jewels.
The development of each fortune leaves a trail strewn with
the dead and dying. Each mansion is a tombstone in the midst
of a potter's field. Look as far as you may, you will see in
every direction the little grave slabs sticking up with skull and
crossbones. looking from them, each glaring at the mansion.
By the side ollhe little graves are standing another multitude of helpless human beings bowed down and submitting to
the magnificent stlendor, and brilliant .display of power.
There they stand- hungry, starving, ·withering, crying for
bread-dying.
Look-the Standard Oil company is now in the midst of an
act of piracy, by which it will rob the' state of California of
five million acres of rich oil land. Senator Phelan has pre~
pared the bill by which the title will pass.
As a public domain it ·would feed men, women and children
Paae nine
in untold thousands for generations to come. Now it will build
palaces and glut the greed of the billionair.e , while human _
beings starve.
Why do the masses not .revolt against this wholesal~
slaughter? Ah! the crim.e is so stupendous, it~ ostentation so
magnificent, its ever-present p~m,p and power so ·overwhelming,
that we do 110t··~omprehend it, and henc~ we think it virtt~e.
--o:- .
.
HE world war has made world women: · It has snatched
her from domestic dependence and submission, and placed
her in the field of production, and in the affairs of ~tate. She
no longer eats out . of the hands of man, but. feeds him while
he is in the field of battle.
When entirely dependent she looked up. to him in fear and
trembling, and almost always lived a life of submission, too
often to brutal, unconscionable and vicious demands. Never
again will she crouch and tremble. She will stand on her own
feet, look him square in the face, and command hini with her
lo"e, instead of being commanded by a rod of .iron.
Never again will she return to the old domestic cage. It is
crushed and cast aside forever. The bird has flown . The
!teart of the "war bride" is broken. She is looking down ~pon
a "man-made world" with grief and sorrow: but also with
visions of hope and love.
Out of this cataclysm of blood and destruction will arise the
angel of peace, the woman's heart, the world's heart, and by
its inspiration, its tender and loving influence, we will be lifted
from the depths into a new life, where each will live for all,
and all for each.
-o-AN may be a brute to the woman when she eats out of
his hand. Man must be gallant to the woman who lives
by her own hand.
--o:ROM our very beginning the feelings seem to be the birthplace of our intellectual processes and the source fr~m
which life's urge proceeds.
When the babe becomes ·uncomfortable it cries. The mother
relieves it and it coos. Again it becomes uncomfortable and
again the process is repeated. Thus life continues from pain
to pleasure until conscious wants deyelop, p rsisting ever toward their gratification.
Between these two poles, pain and relief, desire and gratification lie all our hopes, our happiness, our accomplishment,
our failures and our disappointments.
Without relief from pain, death must come; hence the·
terrible effects of prolonged poverty.
Without discomfort, correcting virtues do not develop, but
only greed, ambition and passion impel men; hence the baneful effects ·of great wealth.
The middle ground only is good. Where pain is met with
power to relieve; wh~re wants are met .with power to gratify
: them Teasonably; then hope is inspired, the mental processes
become normal, wants become sane, the head clear, the heart
sweet, and the man is saved and m~de whole,
T
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�ABoui THE LLANO
The '
A Trip To Llano Springs
W that the possessions of the Llano del Rio Colony
extend far and wide, and development work is going
on at so many different places, we will have to introduce a sort of itinerary so that when friends come,
they will be acqainted with the trips, the things· to be seen and
the progress of development on the way.
Mountain trips are always interesting, especially if the road
is good and the scenery inspiring.
This month let us take you over what I shall call the Mountain trip, or the trip to Llano Springs·, to the headwaters of the
Big Rock, the source of irrigation and domestic waters for the
colony lands.
Montessori School
We take the automobile from the hotel porch at-Llano, after
breakfast and having remarked on the beautiful morning, the
sunrise and the mysterious mirages, which come at t\is time of
year, enlj'!r the chugging car and speed out the gate, and soon
arrive at the Goodwin ranch, the Home of the Children, or
the Montessori school, perhaps the largest in the state. As the
sG.hool has been frequently described in more or less detail,
hut always imperfectly because to understand the Montessori
method it has to be lived and observed, we will pass it by
with the observation that the Goodwin ranch was the first headquarters of the Colony. It was here that great plans for
the future now so beautifully fructifying were laid, and those
that lived and dreamed there always think and speak of "when
I lived at the Goodwin ranch," etc. We pass through life nonchalantly and do not as a rule think that we are building
up experiences till a comparison is demanded. Thus it is in
regard to the Goodwin place; the memories it recalls are
der;:ply graven in the hearts of the first settlers.
Sierra Madre Colony
We now come to the boys' and girls' colony-, called the
Sierra Madre colony, where so many things are going and so
much hoped for. It is here that the first absolutely free industrial school in this country has been established. The boys
and girls, under George T. Pickett's able management, are
working out the farming and industrial problems incident to
ranch and civic life. They have elected foremen and managers of the various departments, and are succeeding admirably. Pickett says it is easy to get boys and girls to co-operate.
[heir minds are in a pliable condition and readily receive
impressions and will follow a suggestion until they make a
new discovery. This new type of education is one of discovery
continuously performed-very different from the old method.
Old Tighlman Place
Hurrying on past
the Sierra Madre colony, with its groups
of tents, adobe structures. rabbits. chickens. horses, turkeys,
wild cats, road runners, and
coiling
snakes {all in pens),
we reach the old
Tighlman place. now
valuable property of
the_Colony. Recently
By
Western
Robert
K.
Comrade
Williams
.1 new addition has been made and dinner is now ~erved to the
men who work on the upper part of the ranch. About twenty
or ·thirty take their mid-day meals there. Also, tired guests,
tramping through the orchards and gard~ns, can be served
at a charge of thirty-five cents per meal. A goodly number
of big shade trees hide the building and three tents adorn
the front yard.
Site for Permanent Homes
Crossing the Tighlman ditch, we enter the townsite, which
has been described many times. It is here that our ideal city
is to be built. At the present time twenty odd foundations
have been dug and rock are laid in some, while four foundations of sand, lime and rock are down. From here a fine
view of the sweeping valley can be secured. When the day
is clear, as is usually the case, the site of Mojave city can be
seen, forty-five miles to the north, the green trees at Willow
Springs, also the line of trees at Lancaster, thirty miles away,
and the mound indicating Palmdale.
On past the waving flag indicating the center of the miLesquare city, we swerve to the right and soon come to the
colony of bees, the first and original co-operators, which the
colonists here are trying to emulate in their human way. We
measure the output of the bees by the ton, and tell the eager
visitors that the Colony now co!}sumes about a ton a month.
Upper Intake
Soon we come to the declivity approaching the "upper
intake" and when that is reached the clear waters of the Big
Rock, now ·a t its lowest, is crossed with a flying spume on each
side of the auto. The clearness of the Big Rock waters never
fails to elicit delighted exclamations.
Important Work
A short distance above the ford a very important work is
going on in the development of bed rock water which will
add materially to the present stream. A sump has been dug
to bed rock and pumps are installed which throw a constant
flow into the Big Rock ditch.
Sump Waters--Tunnel Portal
After answering numerous questions relative to the depth
to bed rock, the amount of water submerged and possible of
development, etc., we hasten on to the tunnel and quench our
thirst with limpid water. The tunnel is a constant surprise to
the visitor. So it is mentioned that the tunnel is three-quarters
of a mile in length and was dug for the purpose of developing more water and possibly for the avoidance' of seepage and
evaporation from a
stream they planned
to divert from a dam,
three - quarters of a
mile higher up. This
work was done by the
early German settlers
twenty-five years ago,
ill a cost of $65,000.
Dam Site Inspires
Questions
Llano Is n - Town That Is Different
The dam site proper
is the next point uf interest and the curious
�The
Western
Comrade
ideas of how a dam should be constructed are interesting and
amusing. One woman wanted to know how the water should
be dammed, below or above the dam. One man was disgusted
to learn that we contemplated putting in a concrete core and
then washing dirt down against it on a long slope so that
the weight of water would be on the bottom of the dam instead
of against the core. After thinking it over for a considerable
length of time he said: "If you people think a dirt dam will
hold you~re badly fooled." It was explained that concrete
probably would be used. All to no purpose, he positively
said: "Nothing but cement will hold that body of water."
Dam Basin and Shady Road
Entering the auto, we proceed up the winding stream over
the basin of the Big Rock. The road is good and the early
morning odors from the thick vegetation intimately recall
other scenes. Soon we are riding under and along the umbrageous alders of the Valyermo ditch and cross the Big Rock
again and plunge into another overgrown road and pass the
old Shoemaker ranch on the feft, and continue up the swiftly
rushing waters of the Big Rock. Turns and ragged rocks
loom up every few rods and it takes the entire attention of the
chauffeur to pilot the car around the narrow ledges. At times
the grandeur of the towering mountains is almost lost in fear
that the car will plunge into the waters below, but as nothing
like this ever happens we continue to enjoy the up-hill, twisting ride. Numerous camping places are seen and during the
summer dozens of camps are established by people from Los
Angeles and elsewhere.
Punch Bowl Spirits
just before reaching Old Point Comfort, a mmmg camp
club house established years ago for the accommodation of the
men working in the Big Horn mine on North Baldy, the Devil's
Punch Bowl looms into view. This is a giant rock about fiveeights of a mile in height, one and three-quarters of a mile
long. It stands in solitary majesty against the green of the
tall Sierra Madre behind. On the top is a circular hole,
fantast ically called the Devil's Punch Bowl. It is here at
midnight elves, wraiths and spirits come and go. Their swishing sounds as they rush about can be heard by the timorous.
The dark of the moon is propitious for them and each tree
and shrub speaks softly of their mysterious preseRce.
Gold Was Packed ·
Once the Hatchery road was used by burros to carry goldbearing rock across the plains to the railroad. Since better
transportation has been made in the San Gabriel Valley, the
Big Horn shunts its gold that way.
New Scenic Road
There has been talk for a long time that a road will pass
by the Devil's Punch Bowl into. the San Gabriel Valley and
thence to Los Angeles, which will cut the distance from Uano
to the latter place some forty miles. Should this road be put
in one of the most picturesque and senic driveways in America
will have been made. The views from the craggy heights are
magnificent and the rugged canyons awe one into silence.
Hard On Tires
From Old Point Comfort camp to the springs is 2Y2 miles.
It is a continuous, up-hill pull and very rough. Few drivers
care to make the trip. It is ferociously biting on tires. For
the pass,engers, however. the trip is worth while.
Soon a great red rock looms up and below its shadow stands
the Hatchery Inn, so-cal!ed, in a conditiQn of disrepair due to
the violence of a twister tearing ·down the gu'!ch last year.
Colonisls Enjoy Swimming Pool and Balh House
Mr. and Mrs. £ddy always greet the visitor cordially and
extend hospitality and the party alights and begins a tour of
inspection.
Possessions at The Springs
The Colony owns 160 acres at the Springs. Agriculturally
it doesn't amount to much, but from a scenic point of view and
as a water source, it is re:narkable. In a basin covering about
thirty acres water bubbles up in many places and Bows into a
common stream. The tangled mass of vegetation and trees
is bewildering, and without a path progress through it would
be impossible. Here is an ideal spot for a summer resort,
which Robert Mandel, one Qf our members now in' San Francisco, is very anxious to establish ..
Begins Fish Industry
Mr. Eddy is establishing a real fish hatchery. At the present
time he is at work on a stone structure 26x36 feet, for hatching purposes, and the work on six or eight 4x I0 feet pools for
the little fish will soon be started. There are but a few hun•
dred ten-inch trout now in the pool. Other pools will be built
on a terrace to take care of the finny tribe. Eddy's experience
in raising fish warrants me in saying that he will be able to
solve the fish problem for the Colony as well as establish a
commercial proposition.
Climate Salubrious
The climate at the Springs is even and the scenery rugged
and grand. One can sit on the benches placed in the shrubbery here and there and drink in the beauty of the soft green
haze of verdure. So entrancing is the spell, it is hard to tear
away and start on the return trip to 'the Colony, which is
negotiated in much quicker time that the up trip.
The trip to the springs is rough and rugged but never· fails
to leave a pleasant memory in the mindi of the visitor.
�The
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Llano Grows
Western
•
In Attract i 0 n
LANO continues to be the mecca of visitors. Without
exception they are impressed with what they ~ee.
Very few fail to say that it is bigger and better than
they have been led to believe. The broad sweep of
the valley is, of course, impressive; the spaciousness here impresses those from the east and middle west; the mountains to
the south, towering and majestic, grip the mind. However, it
is not these things that hold the practical visitor. He sees
tilled fields , orchards growing, and industries in operation.
Further he sees and constantly remarks on th~ absence of
fa cia! marks of worry.
L
Distinguished Visitor
It was gratifying to have an experienced man like Walter
Huggins of Chicago visit us and actually marvel at the things
done at Llano. He went over and over the things accomplished and asked question upon question as to how it was done.
Walter Huggins is a past master of co-operation and can see
as far into the complex problems of such
an effort as any man
in the country. Ll ano
is proud of having the
end o r s e m e n t and
friendship of Comrade
Huggins.
8 y R. K.
were it not for the principle that the Socialists have long
smtght to establish--co-operation.
One-Sided
The trouble with the present system is that it is one-sided.
We have social production and absolute anarchy and selfishness in distribution. We are trying to emulate the capitalists in production, that is, by increasing the efficiency in
social production, and at the same time trying to tuach the
trenchant lesson that we can distribute what we produce with
fairness.
Future Bright
Any thinking man or woman will realize the utter impossibility of introducing a thorough system of co-operation until
conditions elsewhere are equal~ Outside conditions are contributing to Llano's success. We have started something
that cannot be stopped; we have gone too far for that.
Happiness Object
The aim of life is
happiness, or ought to
be.
All our efforts
are direded to that
end and the effort is
joy in itself.
The
colonists of Llano are
not working for today.
but for tomorrow, and
when tomorrow comes
a new task and a new
joy awaits us.
Co-operation Succeeds
Llano is putting into
effect the principles
of Socialism- that is
co-operation . Whether
the outside world admits it or not, we are
succeedin g on a scale
more
magnificent
than heretofore attempted. The time is
more propitious, of
course, than ever hefore .
Views of Llano's Cannery. Cabinel
Only the weight of
mortgages and the
shackles of hills hold the sturdy farmer, mechanic a nd professional man to the farm, factory and office. We know from
correspondence with comrades in desperation, in all parts of
the country, that the lands of Llano would be quickly covered
with people. working to a common end, were it physically
possible to break away from the old ties - the ties that bind
indeed.
Speak Well- A Duty
It behooves every comrade loyal to the cause of co-operation to speak well and, if possible, become interested in the
men ~nd women here who are setting the beacon light upon
the h1ll s.
Practical? -
Yes
Lla no represents the most practical thin g in the world--cooperation. Every war proves it. The present cataclysm
proves it a thousand times. No such mass could be handled
w i II i a m s
Service is Test
Contentment is not
found in possession or
acquisition,
Capitalism has taught this
code for ages. China
fought in the throes
of profit systems for
Shop, Planing Mill and Prinl Shop
thousands of years,
and the happiest man
who emerged was Confucius. His life was one of givmg,
contin11ally gi.ving. The givers stand like Himalayas down the
vista ol history. Thus Llano as a whole, is giving to the world
something great that will be recognized as time chisels the
lesson into relief. The happiest man is he who serves. Unselfish service is the test of character.
Llano stands unafraid and faces the future with visions and
hopes that cannot be swerved.
Plans for Ranch
Each department of the ranch has agreed upon a policy
in regard to future eonstructive work. The policy was endorsed at a joint session of the board of directors and the board
of managers, and later the general assembly was apprised of
the things under contemplation and general satisfaction and
approval was mani fested. This program as announced, will
hear repetition.
All the land which is avai lable is to be planted to alfalfa
this year.
�T h e
Wes
ern
Page thirteen
Comr,ade
Ditches
Changes at Rabbitry
Subject to the engineers' approval, water is to be taken into
the tunnel at the damsite, and from i.ts portal to the intake of
the Hubbard ditch and east to the townsite, in a practical ditch
carrying 2000 inches. From there in cobblestone ditches,
north past the Tighlman place, also past the Wicklein ranch
fo the hotel at the present townsite and fmm the dairy barn
west to the Dawson eighty, and thence north to the north
Dawson eighty. Also such other ditches as are necessary to
connect land to be irrigated with the main ditches.
It takes but a glance to see the wisdom of this practical
program. Seepage will be largely .eliminated. Permanent
ditches are a definite asset. More than 2200 feet of excellent
ditch has been constructed on the Hubbard place. With no
untoward circumstances intervening, several miles of lime cemented cobble ditches will have been completed by spring.
A great change is going on in the rabbit departplent under
Manager Kilmer. He became so crowded for space, that it became impossible to do justice to the rapidly increasing rabbit
family. From a total of over 3000 rabbits, he has gradually
reduced to 1600, and has refrained from breeding them.
Carefully selected young does will fill the hutches of the new
pens, which are being constructed out of the two chicken
houses close to his present quarters. About 600 new and up
to date hutches will contain the does, which, in addition to the
present quarters, will enable Kilmer to rear and care for
several thousand. Comment on the prolific nature of the rab·bit is unnecessary.
.
Experience has taught that it is impracticable to allow the
does to breed more than four times a year, as vitality is depleted rapidly by consecutive rearing of young ..
Enriching Crops
As a ground enriching and food value crop, vetch and
peas are to be planted on the Kidd place.
The planting of beets for general utility on the Bixby and
Young orchards has been
endorsed. It is also agreed
to seed to vetch, peas, and
red oats the land where
beans are now growing.
Hogs and Cattle
For reasons given by
practical
dairymen
and
stockmen, it is agreed that
the Holstein breed of cows
can be developed from the
present dairy herd. and that
also a Shorthorn breed be
sought for if the expected
Llano's Laundry. Bakery. and
start can be secured.
It was the consensus of
opinion that the hog department be left in the hands of those now in charge, and that
the Duroc-jersey breed be developed as rapidly as possible.
Excellent results have been obtained in the hog department
under john Will and Dr. Capron, the veterinary. Plenty of
pure water and carefully selected scraps from the kitchens
contribute largely to keeping the hogs healthy.
Dances Popular
Probably more good dancers .can be found in Llano than
in any town of similar size in the country. The dancing school
started on Thursday evenings several months ago has been
the means of making almost every youngster in the colony
a graceful dancer. These dances continue popular and are
a constant source of surprise to the vi$itor. The Saturday
night dances have not waned in interest. The populace
turns out en masse, and trips the "light fantastic" till near
midnight.
Sunday Evening Exercises
Sunday evening is devoted to literary and musical exhibitions. News of the world, developments on the ranch, and reports of the managers are read from the platform. This will
continue until the regular weekly, the LlANO COLONIST, is
published. Surprising talent has been shown by contribut<:>rs
to the programs, and a large audience is always assured,
Apiary is Important
One of the little thought about, but most important, departments of the ranch is the apiary, under Comrade B. G. Burdick.
As has been frequently remarked, we measure our honey by
the ton, which is served in
bulk to the commissary. The
colony has used for some time
about a ton a month. Starting with 150 hives less than
two years ago, he has increased
to more than 700 hives and
made them self-supporting.
The bulk of the bees are at
Riverside and Redlands, in
order to get the perennial
bloom of those places. Only
a small colony is here. During
the early year a wide variety
of flowers and bloom offer
Rug Shop Are Efficient.
succulent feed for these active
workers. Mr. Burdick's little
auto truck is continually in use
carrying supplies to, and products from , his colonies.
More Vegetables
The colony will go over the winter with considerably more
vegetables and fruit than last year. Contracts with old and
established orchards nearby have given us many tons of pears,
apples and peaches.
.
Cannery Working
The cannery is now actively at work canning fruit. The
garden stuff has not yet begun to arrive. judging from the
amount of fruit on hand, and that to come, the cannery will
be a very busy place for some time.
Milk Supply
About seventy cows are being milked. Between 840 and
II 00 gallons of milk is turned into the creamery weekly.
About I 00 head are on the range in the mountains.
Sierra Madre Colony
The Sierra Madre colony, composed of the boys and girls,
is ~nder the management of George T. Pickett. More than
sixty acres of garden has been turned over to the school for
cultivation and the work done is excellent. The boys and girls
are rapidly learning how to plow, harrow, cultivate and irrigate, plant, sow and gather. Injurious bugs, insects and
worms are gathered and studied, much to the edification of
the children. Competent instructors attend the classes and
great interest is being manifested in the work.
~
.. '.! '
0
•
;.~.
0
0
.
�Paae fourteetl
-l J
EDUCATION
The
Western
Comrade
With Montessorians at San Diego
?f ~position park, in drawers, places at table, etc. They then adjusted themselves
a pretty, nregular clearmg m a dense grove of without one cry or tear for mother and home. Fourteen
eucalyptus trees, with leaves as their only window small children without the previous eight months of Moncurtains and under a ceiling of deep, unpainted blue, tessori training would have provided a large problem for Mrs.
a band of twenty-five San Diego youngsters-from 2Yz to 6 Brown and her competent house mother, but the fourteen
years old-play five days a week at the fascinating, fanciful Llano children assisted at every turn in working out the
game of self-education.
problem of settling themselves in the new home and in the
Almost in the midst of tremendous activities, but as tho- daily and hourly ·care ·of themselves, with such intelligence
roughly removed from all distracting influences as though they . and efficiency as to win for themselves the admiration of all
were, as they seem, in the heart of a wide, dense forest, the the neighbors round about. They inspire these same neightwenty-five young pupils play at work or work" at play for bors with- a determination to study and . observe the Monsix hours a day under the Montessori system of.child educa- tessori method, as it is now being demonstrated.
tion.
Begins at 9 a. m.
The unwalled, unroofed school room is almost a magical
Physical exercise is first on the program of the day. _ It
place. - It is situated at the end of a pretty, winding path
that vanishes there. Only those who are searching for this has been found that this prevents and cures colds and similar
school can find it and when they do find it they are awed and ailments. Secondly, each pupil, armed with a dust cloth of
bright color, goes over the study materials and puts them in
inspired as at a glimpse into fairyland.
Nap time after luncheon. From one o'clock to two the proper shape for the day. Then, with didactic materials of
little ones all rest. At
•
varied kinds, ·the
that time, if one does , - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - ---, whole school "studnot know the place
ies" for an hour and
and its surroundings,
a half. Any posture,
it will appear ar. if
any method, within
Silence
bewitched.
certain wide limits, is
broods over everyallowed.
Comfort
thing except the
and interest are aimbirds in the trees.
ed at by the instrucFor that is the time
tors.
Thereafter,
when school "rests"
there is "work" of
or "takes its nap."
muscular nature, deOn their work
signed to rest bodies
tables and bench~s.
and
minds
that
for an hour in the
might possibly be
of
their
middle
fatigued from the
school day, every
didactic studies.
pupil rests noiselessBalance and Poise
ly, whether asleep or
Taught
not, for a solid hour.
One of Llano"s Greatest Achievements- Its Montessori School.
That is an important
To the music of a
part of the curricuviolin the bare-headlum and is strictly observed. When the visitor happens along ed "babes in the wood" march around an oval path, keeping
at that time, true, a curly and_sleepless head or two will raise always at the edge of a scantling imbedded therein. For balever so slightly and peer about, but there is never a sound ance and poise they carry drinking glasses with colored waters.
until a little one having finished his nap, rises and begin; The object is not to spill a drop. It is not to drink. There
silently folding his blanket. Others soon follow hi~ example, is good training in this exercise, according tt> Montessori.
while some sleep on.
A luncheon of soup, sandwiches and salads comes at noon.
The Montessori school has been in session :n the Exposition. Each tot visits the kitchen where etiquette, not rigorous, but
·
under the auspices of the San Diego Montessori Educational not lax, is observed.
Association since June 1st, with Mrs. Prudence Stokes Brown
Few Rules for Pupils
as directress. It started with fourteen children from the Llano
There are as few "musts" and "must nots" as possible in
Montessori school, who went with Mrs. Brown to San Diego, Montessori training. There are many "will yous" and "pleases"
and helped, by their physical and mental poise and self-con- and "wouldn't you like tos."
trol, to attract a great deal of intelligent attention to the MonLearning to read is not a part of the Montessori training. If
tessori method and to Mrs. Brown's project-the open air the pupil learns it is all right; if not, all right. They play with
Exposition school that should demonstrate the Montessori letters and sound them and draw them until some day they
system of education.
•
just start to read.
The school is a success and has been from the first day th~t
A Word About the Llano Children
Llano's sturdy little band of Montessorians arrived in San
After the long auto ride from Llano to San Diego, these Diego. Mrs. Brown declares that she has never spent such a
little ones, none over six years of age, entered a strange house, delightful summer and that she credits th;s wonderful success
l~~ed a~ut an~ w~re shown their respe~tive beds, drener to the freeclom ~iven her in workin~ oqt th~ methoci in Uano.
-
·--~N a remote. and quiet cer_ner
�The
Wes
ern
Comrade
Pqe fifteen
EDUCATION
Llano Montessori Sc.h ool
REPRESENTATION of the Los Angeles chapter of the
Montessori Alumn~e met with Mrs. Prudence Stokes
Brown, at Llano, for the purpose of visiting the Mon~
tessori school. As one of those who enjoyed Mrs.
Brown's hospitality, I desire to express in the Western Com~
rade our interest in all that we saw, and our appreciation
of the courtesies shown us by all whom we met.
Also, as a Montessori teacher and a mother, I cannot for~
bear to speak of the profound interest I feel in Llano's edu~
cational experiments.
I have had, and still have, problems to solve, or leave un~
solved, in the education of a boy. Girls and boys must have
other girls and boys to work and play with; that certainly is
the first fundamental in the organized· environment which Dr.
Montessori says we must give our children, if their develo~
ment is to be sound and beautiful. How fortunate are the
fathers and mothers of Llano, in meeting this first requirement
of putting their boys and girls to school, to have a system of
education there provided that aims at individuality, not con~
formity, for each child and which meets, in the practical needs
of their community life, each soul's need for responsibility,
service and helpfulness. I can think of nothing that would
so make for character building and good citizenship as the
cooking, sewing, building, gardening and live~stock raising,
all immediately applied to the use of the child community.
The Montessori school is less of an experiment, because
it has been so beautifully conducted, along the lines laid out
by Dr. Montessori; but it is none the less interesting on that
Character
EOPLE are only relatively good; a great deal depends
on the state of your digestion, whether I am good or
not. I am valued at the estimate you place upon me
up to your limitations. The more expe'Pience you have
the wider latitude you'll give me. Many people imagine that
others do not live until they have met them. Earmarks to
distinguish the calibre of the individual .are immediately looked
for; and if you do not come up to a prejudged condition, you
are therefore lacking. Then you go down or up. The judger
always loses, because usually judgment is a criticism.
You ask for a criticism. It's not criticism you want but
approbation. You say you want the truth? Really is it?
Truth is a blunt fact and a condition. If I tell you the truth
about yourself, I immediately gain an enemy.
"How do you like my dancing?" You don't care so much
what I think, but you do want to know. that I approve your
particular style of dancing.' If I say, "Oh, quite well," you
bri~tle up and demand to know, belligerently, what's the
trouble.
My opinion is not good. I can't give you an opinion that
will help you unless you have had comparative experience.
You can't understand unless you've studied. Study yourself
and live yourself; my judgments would destroy you, because
I would change you to my way of thinking.
The comet goes on forever. The kingly of thought and
generous of mien live in the spaces. To go serenely along
is the test of strength; to bend and incline is the wealmess
of dissolution.
.
Thoughts are things. Buildings and monuments ~r~ ~~&,iii
By Florence Pier ·Griffith
account. Perhaps no one who has not experienced at some
time the hardships of pioneering and also the difficulties ~f
applying the Montessori principles, can q~ite appreciate the
wonders that Mrs. Brown and her assistants have wrought.
As both of those experiences have beeQ mine, I cannot adequately express my surprise and admiration over what has
been accomplished in the Montessori school. The quiet order
and industry of the children, their mastery of their work, their
gentleness and obedience-these, together with their beautiful
writing and their mental development, are delightful to behold.
But the pinnacle of achievement was reached when, after
their quiet luncheon, their dishes washed and put away and
the room made neat, they all-twenty of them, from less
than three to six years old-went into the room they had darkened, climbed up on to the tables they had, with blankets and
pillows, converted into couches, and went to sleep. One attendant only stayed in -this room, silently reading, getting up
now and then to quiet some restless little one, rearrange a
pillow or smooth a blanket. Not a pillow was thrown and
there was not a sign or sound of disorder; just a little interrupted humming, like nothing I have ever heard before, for it
was twenty little children humming themselves to sleep. And
Mrs. Brown says that, when all the sixty are there, the order
is even m<!re perfect. That is to me the most wonderful
degree of order and self dicipline that I have ever heard of
any body of children manifesting, outside of Rome and Dr.
Montessori's own schools.
By Robert K. Williams
throbs. Before the chisel of Phideas carved the gorgeous
life-like thing, ages of thought culminated and drove the ~hisel
in its delicate tracings.
·
Think meanly and it is written deeply and even death will
not erase the lines. Dour and sour souls die daily; the process
.o-f ,destruction is continuous. The heart thumps blood surcharged with dead cells to still deader tissue. The brain is a
tissue. Fill it with envies, jealousies and personalities and the
tomb's portal approaches at double speed. Man should know
that perverted nature is rapid in her work and life's journey
at best is but a pendulum swing from shore to shore.
What concern is it of yours what I do? f do the things
that please me and I think I am right. Would you change
me to your way of doing? You may be wrong. · Who is to
judge? If I do not encroach upon your liberties, why worry?
Isn't it difficult to live your own life? Live the best you can '
and the satisfaction derived from it will make you happy in
seeing me go on, even in my sinfulness. Sinfulness is only
relative. It is the outcome of miseducation, and standards are
the result of a composite of age-long experiences. Their interpretation depends on your largeness. Capitalists have one
code; the workers another. Both are right from particular
points of view.
But, what's the use? Live and let live. Do not judge. for
your judgments will be more often wrong than right; you
can't know the pressure that wrought the act.
·
The hardest thing one can do is to take care of himself.
Try it and the world will be flower-strewn and a roseat<;
~~\lv~~ !l\Y":i~ that soul.
·
�Page sixteen\
1
WOMEK'S DEPARTMENiT
The
Weste-rn
Comtade
Natural Law- In the Home
A;
•
S a matter of stabsbcs it is. known that the sexes come about that a woman practically never loves l\'<0 men at
are about equally divided on the earth. The dis- the -same time. generally speaking. Man, having been able
' trihution in certain localities is irregular, but taking by violence to indulge his passions to ex.cess, has not yet
the world as a whole there is one man for every developed to the point of obeying the funda.mental natural
law of one man one wife, and sometimes seems to he equally
woman everywhere.
Man, as an animaf, has always contended against this situ- attached to several women, but a woman never loses touch
ation. As the most powerful animal he has attained his end
vith nature to that extent. There is always just one penon
in various ways. The commonest one has been to kill off in the world for her-howe er many she may be dallying with.
the males of another tribe and appropriate their women.
Unfortunately until now marriage has been a necessity .
Another system has been to enslave and unsex the males, and for protection and as a means of existance, and women have
so secure the prey. These two systems are becoming unpopu- been forced into alliances which were uncongenial, and which
lar, but another plan which has always ·subsisted .alongside quickly resolved into a sort of slavery. Besides this, but fe\
the two first, that of setting aside a certain number ef women men or women .are wise, and capable of ll)aking a wise choice
as sacrifices to preserve and protect the aormal womanhood of companions for life. Hence endless suffering and a conof a comparatively small group, still persists. It is dawning stant source of corruption for society. For all these cases
on the social consciousness quite recently that there may be there should be release-new adjustments must be made poswmething wrong about this, but we all know men of whom it sible.
may be truly said that they consider helpless and unprotected
But free love is not the natural or human solution. To be
woman as fair game, and her pursuit a manly sport,
free to follow every impulse of erratic passion puts the higher
From the woman's side,
type of individual at the
however, the whole submercy of the unstable,
ject takes on another asselfish and debased type.
pect. The woman's real
The home without a father
'lnd the home with many
sphere in life is that of
fathers are both monstrous.
motherhood. It is not her
only sphere.
For one
The woman's fundamental
reason. motherhood can
instinct of monogamy is
outraged.
only cover about a third
But, you say, the man's
of her existence. For another, a woman with wide
instincts are as fundamentally
natural
as
the
interests will produce more
highly organized offspring,
woman's. No! woman ~
and train them to higher
the type, man the exc~p
service than a mere breedtion-woman the conserv·
ative element, man the
ing machine.
But from a sex point
destructive. And the man-·
of view woman is primartype is gradually developily a mother. The best
ing in the direction of conInterior o f a !-lo me al Llano
women exercise the informity. The intellectual
stincts of motherhood toand spiritual side is devel\Hrds their husbands as
oping at the expense of
well as their children. They protect; support, and comfort the anima l side. The wild excesses of gluttony' which were
the man as they would the child in and through every adver- possible even a century ago--not to speak of earlier agessity. The mother presupposes the home, the shelter where the are merely shocking to the average person nowadays. The
brood can be reared in safety. This home at its best is the universally accepted supremacy of might over ight of the
finest tradition of the race, the universe of the child, the refuge middle ages is called into question very severely in our time,
of the aged and infirm, the resting place for the toil-worn and particularly is the absolute indifference to the rights of
man. the one institution without which the world ceases to be woman a thing of the past.
livable, without it men, women and children become outcasts
Man, as he rises to the intellectual plane, is learning selfamong enemies.
control. His superiority to the cave man is almost wholly one
We all know the expression, '"What is home without a of control. It is from the study and recognition of the laws
mother~" but how true is also "What is home without a
of nature that he gets the power of controlling nature by
father~.. The father's return at night is the period about
means of which he is making over his environment.
which the home f-ocuses. The wife and children wait and preSelf control is power on the spiritual plane. As he learns
pare for this return, and if the father is absent for any length to recognize the right of his neighbor to the home which his
of time his homecoming is made a holiday. But can one license would destroy, and the right of the mother to the home
imagine four or five fathers of as many children coming back which his license would render unnatural and fictitious, then
in this way? Why is this thought so impossible? Because he will be strong indeed-and happy.
_
motherhood calls for monogamy. The one respon ible head
"Man, the victim of nature, having spent the past m fir6t
who will protect her brood has always been a mother's first ulindly worshipping and then blindly serving the powers that
need. It is a need of all mothers, but e pecially of the mothers controlled him will, at last, find the strength and faculty w
whose children take the lonsest lime to develop. So it has control himself and them."-Century.
�T he
We st ern
.
Comrade
WOIIEII"S . DEPAltlWEIIT
Of In te.re s t to
More than 4,000,000 women in the United States are
eligilbe to vote at the November election, if they qualify.
Two women have been nominated for parliament in Denmark.
Women are engaged in all but forty-four of the 400 trades
enumerated in the United States.
Five of the eleven ouffrage states-Washington, California,
Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming-have the eight hour work
day for women.
One third of the wage earners in New York City are women.
There are fifty-seven women instructors in the University
"{ Nebraska.
More than 56,000 women are employed in the textile mills
iu Pennsylvania.
The Colorado State School of Mines has three women
>1\tdt~ nl!; who are preparing themselves to become prospectors.
Women in Politics
"Speaking of women's
solidarity and co-operation
along constructive lines, I
wi~h I could take you to
. The pick of our
prnctical club women are
there and they refuse to let
the . . . people get the
best of them. It is certainly interesting to watch their
clever campaigning; there
i~ not much noise, but heaps
ol fine general and statesmnnship. a nd most men
look like thirty cents beside
them. I dare say that our
women are responsible for
the biggest progress made
in this state along advanced
legislation issues. They are
not dreamers. They like to
go to the very limit but they
know how far the mass will
follow and they let off when
the mass gets alarmed."
--o.. peaking again on the solidarity of women you will,
with others. no doubt, be
hocked if I declare myself
f o r candidates through
which we women expect
quickest re ults for the general enfranchisement of
w en. I am not lured,
however into the belief that
Hughe i the man to hring
it. He is fooling the Congre, 'on I Union women and
the 'll soon find it out.
But it will do them a lot of
"
Hit or Miss
· A woman is employed to demonstrate for a large auto truck
concern in the West.
An attempt was made to prohibit women from driving automobiles of more than thirty horse-po,ver in Massachusetts.
The bill was withdrawn.
General Smith-Dorrieu, commander of the British- force
in East Africa, employs a woman to drive his auto to ·inspect
the troops.
Women hold 159 of the 1680 county and. to\vn.ship positions
in Kansas.
.
Champion auto driver in Australia is a woman, Miss Edna
Kelly.
Many women are employed in the petroleum works in
Austria at all kinds of work. . Filling cans, loading them on
wagons and delivering.
Women are getting out nearly all the newspapers in Paris.
An Echo From The Rug Shop
By ALBERTA LESLIE
Ho! weary weaver at the loom of life,
What weavest thou? .
'Tis shreds of the past I am fashioning
Into the web of the now
With bungling hand and slow.
What the design, weaver, what the design?
Alas! design have I none.
As they come must I weave them, these rags of mine;
And cast aside not one
Till my task is done, till my task is done.
They've been dipped in the dark vats of sorrow
Dyed with regret and fears,
Stained with the red lees of sinning,
Set with the salt of tears
These rags of yester years.
The piece will be dull and sombre,
But finish it I shall!
just pl~in hit or miss I'll make it,
And weave in the rags as they fallln the past I chose them all.
And when Azrael unwinds from the loosen'd beam
The fabric I've wrought me here;
May my hands have acquired some meed of skill
For the task set some other where
And the stuff for my future weav1ng
Be chosen with greater care. ·
And for greater skill shall I ever strive
Tho' thru ages the task may run;
Whatever the loom may be S!:t for me,
From star to sta~. from sun to sun,
However intricate the web
However fine the thread be spun,
'Till the 'Gods who sit to judge my task.
Shall cry with one accord, well done !
This hope shall drive my shuttle on
Tdl the loom be broken
And the wea er gone.
•
The Vision
By Eugene V. Debs
I have a vision of woman
that is lofiter, nobler and
diviner than the mothers
and wives, the sisters and '
daughters have been in the ·
dark days of the past and
are still in the dawning
days of the present. In the
full-orbed day of the world
to come woman shall be
free, and because she is
free the world shall be free.
In that hour woman shall
have opportunity, and because her day has. co~.e
at last everything that lives
shall rise and unfold and
share in the common blessing that shall. come to the
race. Love shall reign instead of hate, beauty . shall
take the place of deform·
ity, art of ~ar, plenty of
poverty, and all the world
under her sweet, unfettered ministry, shall be . a
home, safe and saintly and
satisfying.
Beautv Hint
To
Avoi/ Wrinldet.-
Think big thoughts and
cling to noble ideals.
Inconsistent
Women are comidered
politically incompetent and
can't vote in North Carolina,
yet the governor went away
leaving state aifairJ in the
hands of a woman•
�•
Page eighteen
THERAPEUTICS
The Air We Breathe
:~
A
IR is, to our lives as well as to the lives of all organic
beings, the most essential element. Upon its c~ntinu1
ous supply depends our very existence. Happily for
!
us the air, so essential, is also in nature the most
abundant element.
Air is composed of two gases, nitrogen and oxygen. Of
these, nitrogen is the greatest in quantity, while oxygen is the
more essential to life. Oxygen, the chief life sustaining gas, is
widely distributed in nature. It comprises by weight one-fifth
of the air, eight-ninths of w"ater, one-half of the crust of the
earth, and three-fourths of all animal bodies. Oxygen is
the first and foremost essential of our lives. Let u.s examine
the nature 11.nd functions of this life giving gas in our organism,
in order that we may learn to use it wisely with due benefit
to ourselves, and that we may know how to safeguard ourselves against the dangers of contaminated air.
Air, like water, is indispensible; but air, like water, may be
poisoned with foreign substances, and thus upon the wings
·
of life's angel may ride death's messenger.
The air is not held to be a compound, but rather a mechanical mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, containing seventy-nine
per cent of nitrogen and twenty-one per cent of oxygen. Oxyge n is the free lover of the chemical world . It has an affinity
for many things. It enters into a majority of the chemical
compounds. In this lies its importance to the life processes
of organic beings . Every moment we live we breathe. It is
our first and !ast act in life. In fact, breath was for ages considered synonymous with life.
Respiration
The act of taking air into the body is called "respiration."
The organs through which this function is performed are called
the respiratory organs. They may be for convenience, divided
into four parts, larynx, trachea, lungs and bronchi. Any good
school physiology will tell you their location and function. It
would be impracticable to attempt a full and detailed description here. Sufficient to say that the larynx is placed in communication with the external air by two channels, the one
through the nose which is, or should be, always open, and the
other through the mouth which may be opened or closed at
will. The nasal passages are, of course, the normal gateways
of the breath. We should use them whenever possible, as in
this way the air is warmed before entering the lungs, bad odors
are detected, and dirt and dust particles are caught by the
mucus membrane of the nose and thus hindered from entering
the larynx and lungs where they may do untold damage. The
nose may be considered the sentry at the portals of the lungs.
The trachea, or windpipe, is a tough fibered muscular tube,
of interesting construction, lined with a mucus membrane
which extends into· the bronchial tubes. The office of this
lining is to keep the internal surface of the passages free from
impurities. The trachea is between three and four inches long
and divides into two branches known as the bronchi, one for
each lung.
The lungs are rather complica ted organs, consisting of bronchial tubes and their air terminals. Broadly speaking, the
lungs consist of large masses of ftlm like elastic membrane,
covered by a close net work of blood vessels, shot through
with larger and larger bronchial" tubes which finally reach the
trachea, larynx and nose, and thus the outside air. It would
pay each individual to read and study some work .on the
anatomy and physiology of the lungs, as these organs ar~ of
far greater importance than the average man imagines,
The
Western
By D r.
Comrad e
John · D e q a e r
The taking of air into the lungs is called "inspiration." The
expulsion of the air from the lungs is known as "expiration."
By the contraction of certain muscles the cavity of the chestis enlarged and thus the !ungs are dist·~ndcd and the air in the
tissues of the lungs becomes more rarified (thinner) than the
outside air. Thus the air pressure in the lungs is less than that
of the outside air, causing the outside air to rush in , until the re
is again an equal pressure. With the relaxation of the muscles
the chest again returns to its original size, causing a greater
preSS'He within the !un(\s. The air 5o co;nprcs~cd rush~ s out
of the lungs by way of the tnchea. This is known as "c~
piration." An inspiration and an expiration are called a respiration.
In an adult under normal conditions the change of air in
the lungs takes place about seventeen times per minute. This
rate, however, varies in individuals, and with age. In the infant, it may· run above forty; about the age of sixteen th e
normal is reached. Then there are variations between the
walking and sleeping state, variations due to excitement and
disease, exercise and rest.
At birth there is no a ir in the lungs, but once the lun gs
are filled by the first cry of the infant, they are never completely emptied again until after death . The quantity of air normally taken into the lungs is known as tidal air. The quantity
that can be expelled afte r a norm al expiration is called supplemental air, that which cannot be expelled is residual air. The
average chest expansion of a healthy adult is three inches.
Expired Air
We take into our lungs with each inspiration about thirty
cubic inches of air. When this air is again expired it differ>
from ordinary air in three particulars. It contains from four
to five per cent less oxygen and about four per cent more carbon ic acid. No matter what the temperature of the outside
air may be, expired air is about 98 degrees fa hrenheit. No
matter how dry the external air, expired air is quite laden with
moisture. Seeing that with each breath we take in thirty cubic
inches of air, it follows that during 24 hours from 350 to 400
feet of air have passed through our lungs. Thus an individual
wi ll poison the air of a small bedroom in eight hours sleep.
Ventilation
Seeing that with each breath we take the life giving oxygen
and load it with carbonic acid and other poisonous gases, it i;
clear that ventilatiol) (the constant change of air) is absolutely
essential to our physical welfare. No one should sleep in a
room where a window could not be opened so as to admit
outside air. Air is the first thought in the sick room; without
an abundance of oxygen health is impossible. Open up the
window. "Do not shut the door, let the blessed ozone in."
Fresh air never gave you a cold. The lack of it did. Fresh
air is all blessing and no curse.
Fresh Air and Disease
Physical culture and breathing exercises tone up the system
through the increase of oxygen in the blood which aids nature
in the elimination of dead matter from the body. Systematic
breathing is a valuable therapeutic measure in most diseases.
Llan Medical Department
This department is free to the colonists at Llano, and aiso
gives free advice upon subjects pertaining to health and health
building, to the readers of the WESTERN COMRADE, providing they enclose the heading of the page of this departm ent
a nd stamps for ~ reply.
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�T h e
Western
.
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C 'o m r a d e
AGRICULTURE
Tloe Art of Prodndat Aaiaal and Plant Life
The Soils of Llano
Paae nineteen
By Wesley Zo _r nea
··-- HE soils of Llano on which we now have hundreds of · due to the fact that the rocks contain different minerals which
TI
acres of young orchards, green and luxuriant alfalfa,
and a garden which feeds the entire Colony, before
___ irrigation was introduced could only have grown cacti,
greasewood and Yucca palms.
Imbued with the co-operative spmt, determined to build
a great industrial organization, which would stand as a monument before future gen·erations, a few sturdy men of brawn
and brain, began to build irrigation ditches, clear lands and
build houses.
As a result of only two years work we see before us a great
and ever-growing farm, backed by the mechanical arts which
are turning the raw material
of the farm into useful products.
The conversion of the
desert into a garden is itself an achievement of
which we well might be
proud.
For ages the Sierra
Madre range has been giving way to weathering agencies. The heat of the desert
days accompanied by our
cool nights have set up
varying stresses in the mineral rocks of which the
Cows, Hogs, and Alfalfa
range is composed. This is
have unequal co-efficients of expansion. One mineral may
expand more than another which causes clefts to form in the
rocks and decomposition to take place.
During the winter months the snow-capped peaks of the
mountains are deluged with frequent rains, and Big Rock
Creek is transformed into a roaring torrent. The sides of the
mountains are worn away and deposited upon the desert below,
forming an alluvial soil of decomposed granite and quartz.
Ages upon ages the slow wearing away of these mineral peaks
has been going on and as a result we have a' soil high in mineral matter. The supply is almost inexhaustible. Steady cropping for years has not as
yet depleted the soil of its
natural mineral strength.
We have some old tracts of
land planted by early settlers
which are yet producing
abundant crops of alfalfa.
Speaking geologically this
transformation of a range of
barren rocks into a soil
capable of producing wonderful results has been a
very recent process.
Vegetation has not as yet
had a chance to decompose
and add to this great inorAre Profitable at Llano.
(continued on page twenty-seven)
Feeding for Egg Production
ENS are not machines. They have their likes and dislikes for different foods.
Gas eRgines produce power by being fed gasoline. Hens produce eggs by eating egg and health
producing foods, no matter whether foraged or fed. Having
acquired egg type hens and proper surroundings, the hen's
body must be maintained and enough ·wisely chosen food
eaten to produce the egg.
Carbohydrates and fats are health and energy producing
foods. Proteids are tissue builders. Lime and other mineral
foods go mostly to build bone, feathers and egg-shell.
Water should neveT be forgotten, for three-fourths of the
hen's body is water.
As the hen's body must be maintained, she must have
tissue building foods; proteids, a small amount of fat, plenty
of water and some mineral food. These same foods are
needed for egg production. Hens should not go hungry for
any of them. Dry mash in hoppers should always be before
them, and should be as near as possible a balanced ration.
Wet mash is often fed, but not with a great degree of success
because a bird's digestive processes are entirely different
from other animals-it is normal for them to be always picking at something- and large meals at -considerable intervals
upset their health. It is not possible to keep wet mash before
them all the time, because it is very unsanitary, while dry
mash may be left in _the hoppers at all times. The mash may
be composed of many things, but one of the main food
!ll~eJ1tl muat he present in a l~o ~· p~~q. lVlUch are
H
By Oliver Zornes
found in meat and green-cut bones, and grains such as
barley and ·oats.
Beans and peas are high in protein and make a good food
when cooked, but should be fed carefully, as the hens may
overeat.
Fats are not needed as much in the summer as in the winter
when the body temperature of the hen must be maintained,
therefore we feed more corn and fat producing foods in the
winter.
It is often difficult in winter to supply the hens with green
food. Greens should, however, never be forgotten, for they
are the only tonic necessary. The runs should, if possible, be
planted to alfalfa as it stands tramping better than most
grasses. This may stay green most of the season, but at the
same time it is advisable to furnish the hen with a variety
of greens. Lettuce is one of the very best of greens. Kale,
cabbage, and cauliflower are good, but must be fed carefully
on account of their laxative effect. Potatoes, beets, carrots,
and other root crops may be cut and thrown in for the hens
to pick at. Do not make this the bulk of the hen food, but
feed all the greens the hen wishes to eat beside the more concentrated food such as grains arid mash.
Grain should be fed morning and evening in dean litter, as
the exercise of scratching develops the abdominal muscles.
Quantity cannot be measured, but judgment must be used,
for the hens will eat more at one time than at another. Feed
them ~~~ ~hey will eat, and feed at as regular hour~ as possibl~.
·
{continued qn paae thirtr)
�Page twenty
ABOUT THE LLANO
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T h e
W e s t e--r n
C o m r a d e
Questions and Answers
Answer.-Yes, Mrs. G., we have a competent tea~her in the
HE correspondence with the Colony is continuous, and
many are the queries presented. While we try to - person of Miss Miller in our school. We feel that your
make a personal reply, it is not always possible. daughters would progress rapidly under her instruction. In
__ _ Many questions are of gener~l jnterest, and perhaps addition to Miss Miller there are several others capable of
the best thing to do would be to mal<e -,_.resume of them with carrying students forward.
Someone recently asked if it was true that the colonists obtheir answers.
.
Most of the following inquiries have appeared in an earlier jected to dogs.
Answer.-It is hardly fair to say we object to dogs ; we
issue of the WESTERN COMRADE, yet we feel they will bear
repetition, for there may be some intending to come now who don't. I hardly know of a more lovable thing than a dog
were not subscribers several months ago. One colonist said and personally I can be entertained for hours watching the
that if he had read the earlier questions and answe~s he could antics of pups. The reason dogs are not wanted is that our
have saved $200. He sold a lot of household goods, actually domestic ditches are open and dogs will bathe in them. Genneeded, expecting to find here everything he wa~ted. We erally, people object to drinking water after the dogs have
hope that no future hardship such as this will be incurred by been luxuriating in the ditches. Furthermore, dogs barking
at night are not conducive to restful sleep. All in all, believe
those who read this column.
A lady, writing from Wyoming, asks whether she can buy the rule of not allowing dogs in the Colony, or to run at large
such things as underclothes, kitchen utensils, bedding, brooms, is a good one.
.
A mother living in Utah volunteers the information that she
etc., in the commissary.
Answer.-No, you cannot. The commissary attempts to has seven children a nd that the oldest, a daughter, has shown
supply the necessaries of life to each colonist, but only oc- decided talent for painting, a nd wants to know if she could
casionally carries kitchen utensils, h':!dding, etc. Brooms can be instructed properly in this branch of art.
:~sually be obtained. It would be best to bring these things
Answer.-Yes. Mrs. Fox has opened a studio and gives
with you. However, Los Angeles is close at hand, and through lessons in d rawing, painting and sculpture, or modeling. Mrs_
our purchasing agent there, these wants can be supplied very Fox is in every way competent to teach and her classes arc
reasonably; also Palmdale is but twenty miles away where well attended. The studio contains some fine specimens of
general supplies can be obtained daily through the stage. her work. which are admired by those who love a rt.
Fred Barnes, of PortMrs. )., writing from an
land, asks whethe_r it is
Oklahoma city, says that
she has collected a lot of
permi s s i b I e t o h a v e
rags of all shades and desprivately owned automocription and wants to know
biles in the Lla no Colony.
whether she could have
Answer.- S urely.
The
Llano Workers Leveling New Alfalfa Lands.
these made into rugs.
Colony, however, would
Answer.- Yes. You may
not furnish you with oil.
grease, gas, materials, etc. These would be at yot r own ex- send them here at once and have these r'tgs turned into fine
pense. I might say that a car is a sensible thing to bring. An rugs. See ad. on page 28 in June-July issue of the WESTERN
automobile is a great content maker and if you can afford to COMRADE. If you wish to earn a rug, see special offer on
keep it up, certainly bring it with you.
page five of this issue.
Mrs. B., of Salt Lake City: " Is it necessary to . bring foodNo, the Elkskin shoe fac tory is not located at Llano. See
stuffs?"
ad in this issue of the WESTERN COMRADE.
Answer.-! would say yes, but of course this is not compulMiss A. says she is anxious to become a . subscriber for our
sory, or really expected. I refer more specifically to what new publication_, the Llano Colonist, and wants to know if it
might be termed luxuries. If you a re fond of salads and such, gives daily news of the Colony. The answer to this is yes.
would suggest you supply yourself with sardines, salmon, can- It will carry daily news of the Colony, but published weekly.
ned mea ts, crabs, pickles, olives, mackerel, salt meat. These
Mr. W., of Mendocino· county, wants tp know if a party
things are regarded in the nature of luxuries and naturally he is thinking of bringing to the Colony can be given hotel
are not found in the · commissary.
accommodations.
The question suggests itself what can be had in the comAnswer.- Yes. If the party is large would suggest bringmissary. Such staples at tea, coffee, sugar, lard, matches, soap, ing blankets for we never can tell what the space will be. Frebutter, eggs, starch, honey, flour, bread, peanut butter, cocoa quently we are much crowded for room in the hotel.
and cheese, etc. In addition to this, when vegetables are in
The Souvenir club of Llano carries postcards containing
season, we have watermelons, canteloupes, sunberries, potatoes, views of the Colony, address care of Mrs. John Spencer.
tomatoes, onions, carrots, squash, turnips, cabbage, apples.
Answering several inquiries. The hotel rates are $ 1.00 per
pears, and almonds. These are in abundance. The Colony day, or 25c per meal. Dinners a re served at the Tighlman
will be pretty well supplied with winter vegetables this year. ranch at 35c each. On Sundays chicken dinners are served
it is confidently expected.
a t the Sierra Madre Colony, at 50c. Reservations can be
Mrs. G., writing from Oakland, says: "My daughters have made for the latter by addressing Mrs. Geo. T. Pickett.
been taking music lessons. I am very anxious that they conThree schools of healing are represented in the Colony
tinue. Should we take up our residence in the Colony will at the present time; the old line allopath, osteopath and chirthey have the opportunity of con~in~ing their m~si<;al ~du- opractic. Dr. Freeman with a new system of up-to-dat«; h~al .
catio.n?"
in~ will soqn be in th~ Co.lony.
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T
: --
I'
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�T h e
We s tern
Comrade
ARTS AND MUSIC
An Art Vocation-The -Solution
HE fundamental error in the situation discussed in a
previous article lies in mistaking talent for genius.
• Society need not take genius into consideration at all.
_, If talent is given the opportunity to express itself,
genius, when it occurs, will have no difficulty in asserting its
supremacy. It will assert itself anyhow, unless crushed out
either by excessive economic pressure and a densely ignorant
environment, or by the studiously negative training of futile
social traditions. Dense triviality is at least as dangerous as
de nse ignorance. However, under any normal conditions
ge nius will take care of itself.
Talent is less assertive and determined, but certainly not of
less value to the comrri;::-1ity. In the pioneer days of America's
development strength and energy were the prime requisites.
In our day we need to put a finish on the work roughly blocked
out by our ancestors. Every spark of art faculty in the country should be nursed into creative results. Unfortunately the
dream of the great masterpiece is the illusive Will o' the wisp
tha t leads the mass of our art talent into a morass of wasted
opportunity and unsuccess.
This misled ambition fails to grasp the true meaning of art.
One of the definitions in the dictionary is "a systematic application of knowledge or skill ." How remote is this de finition
fr om current conceptions of an artist! Another statement is
that art involves the need, the perception and the creation of
beauty. The masterpiece so-called is a secondary result of the
art instinct. It has comparatively little influence on general
living conditions. But beauty should surround us everywhere.
In countries where there is a general a nd wise public understanding of art, there is a demand for beauty in every article
that man produces, and the greatest masters have apprecia ted
this universal claim on their services. Leonardo da Vinci and
Benvenuto Cellini among others did not hesitate to design objec ts of general utility on occasion; spoons, plates, or other
apparently trivial things. One point that the really cultivated
art student understands is that nothing is trivial which we have
to handle or look a t all the time. If its lines are bad it keeps
up a subconscious fretting strain which reduces our efficiency.
Beauty is not a matter of ornament, of superficial detail. It
is a matter of fitness, the right line and the- right material. If
carefully thought out and exactly suited to the use to which it
is put, and constructed with conscientious workmanship directed by a skilled designer, it is beautiful and artistic. Our _present civilization has gone to wreck on the proposition of an
enormous factory output for quick sales. The inevitable tendency of ma nufacturin g for quick profits is to produce articles
which "last quick," and perfect suitability and good workmanship are distinct disadvantages in a product which is manufactured to create a need for another more or less similar article
at the earliest possible period.
The result of the complete control of the manufacturer by
the principle of quick sales is the general neglect of the consideration of fitness, quality a nd art in the products of this commercial age. Almost any kind of savage can surpass us on
the plane of production . They are nearly always actuated by
the pride of workmanship, and produce things which we are
glad to collect in our museums, and could frequently study to
our advantage. It is true that these slow processes . of hand
work result in a very limited output, which if applied nowadays
would make it impossible for any but the elect few to have,
not only the luxuries, but the necessities of civilized life.
But while the exquisite carefulness of hand work is not a prac-
T
Page twenty-one
By A. Constance Austin
tical ideal to work towards, and while large scale machi~ery
production is essential to the conditions of modern ~ife, the wilful and vicious manufacture of .badly designed articles, composed of unsuitable material, selected that it may not last, is
not a necessity and is not desirable.
.
And here is where the talent of those who can see and create
beauty can have endless scope. If we seize eagerly upon every
budding talent, watch its natural trend and train it to design
and guide the output of our factories and workshops in such
a way that each object turned out will be perfect in line and
color, as well as perfectly adapted to the use to which it is put,
a,nd carefully made of the best material which can be used for
that purpose, the artist will cease to be a helpless and incompetent social parasite. All this talent which is now largely
wasted will become the most vital element in building up our
new civilization.
The general public, however, has also its responsibilities
in the matter. One is to conserve and develop the artistic
spirit as one of the greatest social assets, to remember that the
true artist is primarily a person of finer perceptions and truer
judgment than the average man. It must be remembered that
good judgment does not wholly consist in holding the right
views on the art of making money. It has come to have that
meaning under the competitive system of living, but real judgment is the faculty of balancing the relative values of things.
One evidence of good judgment is the ability to appreciate
that quality and fitness are a higher economical and social
asset than cheapness, great output and quick sales.
The "systematic application of the highest knowledge and
skill" is a thing that we cannot afford to get along wi'thout.
Another thing that society has to learn is that the artist cannot
create and direct the manufacture of the best possible product
unless the public pays the price of the better thing, with a true
appreciation of the fact that a good thing that lasts is cheaper
than a poorly designed, poorly made article of poor material.
Finally, our young people of artistic temperament have to
learn that it is better to work towards the correction of the
general ugliness of the environment in which we all have to
live and suffer, than to produce some one masterpiece that
only an occasional person will have the opportunity and training to enjoy.
Besides, a man or woman who is actively engaged on constructive work, applying his ability and training to create
beauty and elevate his environment, is at least as likely as the
mere student of the technicalities of drawing, painting or
sculpture, to become inspired with a vision or thought that
must be expressed in the masterpiece that lives.
Moreover, to share in the building up of a civilization that
radiates and uplifts many generations and peoples is to share
in a masterpiece that far transcends the wonders even of the
age of Pericles.
--()-
Plato says tha t "beauty . . shall flow into the eye and ear like a
health-giving breeze from a purer region, and inoensibly draw the soul
rrom earlies t years into likeness and sympathy with the beauty of ·reason ; ..
i. e., sanity of thought which conduces to beauty of conduct. We should
so reshape all the externals of our communal life thai the soul of the people
could nowhere escape from the ministrations of beauty.
- o--
The farmers in Minnesota are walking arm in arm with the Minnesoia
Stale Art Commision . The people co~suh the commiosion upon all sorts
of questions. If the chimney smokes or the plumbing balks, they write
to the commission and get help. The commission assists in the selection
of wall . paper. And this helps some in advancing the cause of pictures
and " old masters."
�Page twenty-two
MAGAZtN£ SUMMARY
The
Western
Comrade
What Thinkers Think
The Substance of Instructive Articles 1n J\ugust Magazines
PEARSON'S
The Oil Story.-The Phelan amendment to the Ferris bill hands over
$55,000,000 worth of California oil lands to powerful corporations, and the
government will have to repurchase the oil that it has given away. A
receiver in charge of one plant manufactures and · deliven gasoline
at six cent& a gallon, as against nineteen cents of Standard Oil. The new
naval p rogram calls for an annual peace consumption of 4,800,000 barrels
and a war consumption of 14,400,000. Naval reserves I and 2 might contain 72,000,L)(J() barrels of fuel oil, only the proven part of it is to be
given away. "Ibe Santa Fe railroad, the Standard Oil control most of this
stolen property. -George Creel.
Wall Street's Handyman, Charles E. Hughes.-The Republican party
this year has the same claim to the support of ninety per ·c ent of the
American people as a chicken hawk has to the support 6f the chickens.
Hughes h as deliberately cho!:cn to support m9fley as a gtiiitst men. Now
money is supporting him. As a corporation lawyer his record is "extremely reassuring'' to all those interested in railway investments. How
abo ut those intcrestad in railway transpo rt a tion?
The corporations
a re q uite right in turning from Mr. Wilson, who has served them well,
to Mr. Hughe•, who will doubtless serve them better. As governor
he vetoed a two· cenl fa re bill, and stung his stale with a public
!enice commission tha t the corpo rations liked and the people de:ested.
How abou t the insura nce investi gations ? Well the insura nce magnates are
all fighting fo r him now. As associate judge of the United Stales Supreme
Court he ruled against labor. b ut the Republican patty is pledged "to
the faithful enforcement of all federal laws passed fo r the protection of
laloo r." Of cour;e. There are none of any consequence. Mr. Hughes
and his pla tfo rm should command the solid millionai re vole. They
should command nothing else.-Allan L. Benson .
The Revolt in North Dakota.-North Dakota was losing $55,000,000
.onnually by a deal between the milling industries of Minneapolis and the
railways. Moveover its No. I Northern is doctored during transhipment.
Hence scandals about rotten wheat shipped to England. Robbed of money
and reputa tion the outraged delegation of farmers to the legisla ture is told
to " go home and slop the pigs." A non·partisan league started among
Inc fa rmers is joined by business and professional men who realized that
it meant a new era of prosperity. The primaries held during torrential
rains registered a majority of 5000 over aH the other candidates for
the fa rmers candidate, Frazier. The whole nation has a legitimare interest in the successful working out of the farmers motto: " We'll stick;
we'll win."- Herbert E. Gaston.
The Water. Power Grab.- The United Sta les is in process of gtvmg
•way 44,000,000 horse power of water. With this power phosphate, nitrogen and potash could be manufactured in unlimited quantities as a by·
product of hydro-electric plants. The government is handling many great
undertakings with surpassing efficiency: the Panama Canal, the Alaska
railway, the Coast and Geological surveys, the Lighthouse service, etc.
"Ibe Myers water power bill stands in the way. On the other hand the
Tavenner bill provides for the development of this power by the
United Stales in a simple and practical way. It is too good a bill
fo r -Congress even to consider, unless forced by pressure from the folks
back homc.- Frederick Kerby.
Casement's Conviction- "Ireland has wronged no man-but where all
rights become accumulated wrongs, where men must beg with bated breath
for leave to subsist in their own land, to think their own thoughts, sing
their own songs, garner the fruits of thetr own labors: then surely it ts
the b raver, saner and truer thing to be a rebel against •uch circumstances
as these than to tamely accept them as the natural lot of man. My lord,
I have done." Never had England such a chance to show how superior
she was to the Germans. If Asquith had said : "We refuse to punish these
Irish rebels while their brothers are fighting in a great cause", he would
have won Ireland. " ) knew that the rising would fail", said the widow of
one o f the executed Sinn Feiners, "and he knew it would fa1l; but he
felt tha t he was helping to save the soul of l reland."-F rank Harris.
The First Gentleman in Europe-Why is Germany going to the wall in
>pile o f her acknowledged efficiency? In twenty years French industries
have grown 28 per cent while Gennan industries have grown :SOO per cent.
Germany has 100,000 university students against 20.000 French and 10,000
English. Fifty highly trained chemists against five in F ranee and one in
England.
The hereditary feudal aristocracy is losing the w ..r for Germany. Her
captains of industry are Jews. But Jews are not allow~ to become army
officers. The consequence is that the German general staff is not as superior to the French general staff as the directory of the Electrical company
of Berlin is superior to all French and English electrical companies. Every
privilege is a handicap to its possessor and not a benefit.-Frank Harris.
NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW
The Passing of the Turk.-The holy cities of Islam have been wrested
by Moslems from Ottoman control. To the German Emperor · this is
doubtless one of the chief disappointments of the war. Through the
Turkish alliance and the German railroads in Asia, he hoped to command
the trade routes to Central Asia and to control, and if desirable, bar the
Suez canal. Also the whole Mohammedan world would range itself on
the side of "Wilhelm Pasha, Caliph of Germany." However, when the
Jehad was called nothin8 happened. Egypt remained loyal. Afghanistan
dismissed the German agents. Bokhara and Turkestan adhered to Russia.
In India, prince vied with prince in offering treasure and levies to the
British. Now the Sheriff of. Mecca and the -Arabian chieftans decide to
.break with Conslantipople and look to Great Britain for prolection. Editorial.
Christianity and the Sword.-Does the ""Prince of Peace" teach penc<·
at any price? ""Let him that hath none sell his cloak and buy a sword.""
The thing that impresses the student is not his pacific virtues : it is hi>
combativeness, his stern challenge to the ruling powers of the world.
That this world should be the scene of oppression and wrong. of th·..
triumph of brule force, is to him intolerable. Hence his long journey to
Ring down his great last challenge to enthroned wrong. He need not
have died-on pacifist principles. To ad as if war could be no mo re i•
to live in a land of dreams to be dispelled by a rude onset of tcality.
What will the dreamer do in the day of visitation, in the desolation th"t
shall come from afar." - Canon Samuel McC,mb.
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
The Health of the Nation.-In comparison with the tragedies that are
oeing enacted in our own country the worst shipwreck on record is absolutely insignificant, and the grea t war in Europe is of only secondary
importance. A recent bill proposes that "every wage-earner whose income
does no t exced $100 a month will be entitled to the services of a physician
when he is ill, will receive an allowance during disability and will b•
provided with medicines and surgical appliances as required.
Advocates
of this f01m of social insurance think that this will prevent a great deal
of serious illness and resulting physical inefficiency because the poorer
classes will no· longer be deterred by financial considerations from consulting a physician at the outset of a malady.- Editorial.
CENTURY
The Uses of Adversity.-Great disasters such as the San Francisco
ea rthquake. great strikes and the present world war, bring about a feeling
of extraordina ry good fellowship and even peace of mind which make
the most awful calamities seem to be worth while. An alarmed comment• ·
tor demands ""Is this condition of pea~efulness" so supreme ~ good th• t
it makes the best form of international rela tionship? It is not their rela·
lions with the Germans that make the English fee,l at peace, it is their
relations with one another. The miners at Ludlow were not che<red bv
. their enmity to the armed mine guards but by their amity with iheir fello;,
workers.-Editorial.
REVIEW OF REVIEWS
Canada's Two Years of War and Their Meaning.--Canada has raised
an army larger than the whole British force when the present struggl ~
began. She is paying it and pensioning soldiers in a truly munificent way.
and her d~bt after the war will probably be about one billion do llars. At
the same time she has enormously increased both her agricultu ral an~
manufacturing production and raised a domestic loan for the first time
in her history. Countless new occupations fo r women and possible na tion ·
alization of railways are among the s triking changes.-P. T . McGrath.
POPULAR MECHANICS
Economic Flood Control.- Four plans are suggested for con troll:n~
floods on the Mississipi. Reforestration, impounding reservoirs on the up·
per branches of the t r;~utaries, additional outlets, and the straightenin:;
of the channel. Great floods occurred befo re the forests were cleared.
and to refo rest would cause eight agricultural stales to revert to a fo rest
wilderness. The amou!ll of ~valer is far too large to be handled by im·
pounding reservoirs. Oth•r outlets would r~uce river depths and would
�T he
We
s· t e t n
·C o
II)
r a
Je
be difficult to control. Straightening the channel would reduce the fall at
the upper end of a cut and increase it at the lower end. A completed levee,
standardized, protected by revetments and intelligently maintained, supplemented by some re-forestration and reservoirs is the most highly considered
solution.-Searle Hendee.
WORLD'S WORK
Lieut.-Col. George 0. Squier, U.S.A., lnventor.-Among other important
discoveries invented by Mr. Squier is a method of sending along a tele·
rhone wire, outside of it but still guide<! by it, as many as half a
dozen wired wireless messages at the same time, tuned to dilferent "frequencies .. so that one receiver can receive only one message at a time. lf the
wire is broken, say by a shell, the telepho!'e goes oul of commission, but
the wireless messages will jump a space of from fifty to sixty feet and go
on without gelling loose into the air. He has recently iavented a means
of delivering an unbroken electric current across an ocean cable, th~ s
making it possible to use the Morse code. This eliminates the clumsy
t&
cable code. which only specialists can read, doubles the capacity of
cable, and does not call for any great alteration in the plant.-f' rank
C. Page.
What Can a Thin Mm Do.-Every ev.,;ing after dinner a certain thin
man sat down with a bottle of milk and as he sipped the milk he read a
book. In three months he had gained thirty-seven pounds. There are
many expensive sanitariums but what one gains from them is only thimilk and rest. Milk is a good food ftlld accompanied by repose it produces
weight.
If you can not take milk in one form there are a half dozen
others to try. And if all fail study out a diet of starch, fats and sweets
which you can assimilate. Exercise sometimes helps. Many people are
semi-invalids all their lives because tf.ey have never been taught a proper
posture and carriage which is the foundation of robust health. Egg
lemonade sometimes helps but the best directions as regards so-called tonics
are the ·ones telling you to keep the bottle tightly corked. -Charles Phelps
Cushing.
News of the World
Socialist---· Labor----General
.-\ California ranchman, being short of horses, hitched his mower behind
Ills automobile with the bes t results.
Postal revenues for the pas t fiscal year show a surplus of $S,200,000.
,.hird wrplus shown since 1832 .- Ncw York Call.
Four out of every live city men applying at recrmlmg stations are
J•.:<ca. Reasons : faulty vision, poor hearing, bad teeth, broken arche.. .
'loor lungs and bald hcads:-New York Call, Supplement, Aug. 13, 1916.
To destroy gophers, dri ve yo ur car mlo the field, keep the engine running and a ttach hose to exhaust while inserting other end in gopher hole
packed abo ut wi th cloth and dirt. Fumes penetrate passages and issue
fro m other holes which are then plugged up. A badly infested area of
three acres was cleared by twen ty cents worth of gasoline in this wayPopular Mechanics.
The price of bread has raised to six cents a loaf in La Crosse, Wis.
France's war bill to the end of July is $7,800,000,000. The average
cost is $998,000,000 monthly.
National defense measure passes house by vole of 283 to S I. Involves
expenditure of $661,418,000. Congress appropriated $267,697,000 for
army. Authorizes increase of enlisted men to 74,700 men.
Total number of stockholders in 2S7,211 miles of railways in America,
covering 128S railroad companies, is 626,122. Actual number of stockholders is less ; many owning in many companies.
Physicians and scientists amazed and regard as a mystery . of biology
the birth of twins, a negro boy and a white girl to a white woman by
a Spanish negro in Denver.-Ailentown Labor Herald.
It is announced that the United Cigar Stores Company will open 900
more retail sioreii this year.
Owing to the high and increased cost of print paper Philadelphia
newspaper owners reduce size of publications and permit no returns
from wholesalers.
·
A. A. Rovalo, representing a miners' organization of Sonora state,
Mexico, says the Carranza government has wiped out the peonage system
and encourages labor organizations. Sonora has now 20,000 organized
workmen. Says the big question is the land which American capitalists
and others are anxious to retain. Insists that a feeling of hate for Americans is a fiction and gotten up for the purpose of further exploiting the
working class-Illinois Stale Federation of Labor.
There are forty-four families in America with income equal to 100,000
workmen.-Leader.
American immigration in 1914 was 1,218,480, the Russian empire
sending more than any other nation.
Thomas A. Edison says he is on the eve of great discoveries. Power
may be obtained from molecules by a disintegrator.
Boilermakers win five months strike against the Seattle Construction
and Dry Dock company.
Rural credits bill passed . in House permilling farmers holding good
title lo borrow ftfty per cent of appraised value with interest not more
than five per cent. Loans can be run thirty-six 'Years and paid in instal ·
men!s.
Lates t reported railroad milage: Great Britain 23,3SO; F ranee 30,686 ;
Germany 37,99S; Russia 37,008; Austria-Hungary 27.S70. The United
States .2S7,211. California'has 8,368 miles of railroad.
Southern Pacific earnings for june were $13,000,000, for fiscal )'ellr
$1 S2,000,000, the greatest in its · history, while operating expenses
were $129,000,000.
Teamsters in Minneapolis are on strike against a fourteen-hour workd~y. Hammond, Ind .. teamsters received $3 weekly increases.
Socialists carried Finland with a majority of ten over all other parties.
New York is now pre-eminently the world's largest commercial port.
More than $2,000,000,000 annually Row through her portals.
The Federal government has appropriated $8S,OOO,OOO for the purpose
of building good roads in Amer·ica. Each state appropriates an equal
arnount of the sum given by the government. California's share of the
government funds will be $2,336,2SO thus making over $S,OOO,OOO avail·
able for bettering the roads in this state.
A King's county, California, farmer experimenting with Soudan grass
is reported by the Rural Farmer as having cut eight tons to the acre and in
nine months raised grass nine feet high. He will cut three times this year.
Washington.-The Senate passed the child labor bill by a vote ·of 52
to 12. The bill provides that no producer shall ship goods out of a state
that has been labored on by a child under 16 years of age for more than
eight hours a day or for more than six days a week.
In Petrograd, twelve Lettish workmen were convicted and sentenced
from two to four years for belonging to the Socialist party.
Paris now owns meat shops with great saving to people. Many cities
in Franee are rurining general stores.
Colorado strike indictments are to be dismissed. Unions too strong
to permit such action.
Toronto typographical union has raised wages of its newspaper members $1 per week ; to $22 for evening and $24 for morning newspapers.
Wav,es of apprentices also increased.
Sixty thousand garment workers in New York have won a live month's
strike against their organized employers. Forty-nine hours per week
with six per cent raise.
Georgia's textile industries employ SOOO children under 16.
TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC:
We regret that a poem, entitled "The Mystery of
Death", appeared in the June-July number of the
WESTERN COMRADE, signed G~orge Mauricio. It
was not written by him, but by Mrs. Mary Mapes
Dodge. A plagiarism does not often occur, and
found the editor unsuspecting. This explanation
with apologies is tendered the real author-EDITOR
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN li LEVIN
Attorneys at
921 Hil!llins Buildina
Law
Los Anades. Cal.
�Page twenty-four
CO-OPERATION
'
The
Western
The Co-operative Commonwealth
m
Comrade
By clinton Bancro ft
The immediate purpose of such an Industrial Congress
E Co-operative Commonwealth! What is it to be,
and where, and when, and how? What will its powers ·would be to found a new industrial, educational, and exchange
and functions be? And what its benefits to the system under the name and banner of the Co-operative Com_ _ _ people? These are questions the people are asking;
monwealth, in which dividends from · rental of land to the
they want to know about it; they are watching for an an·swer.. workers and producers of wealth, from interest on the medium
Prefacing the answer with a declaration of the principle by which the products of labor are exc.hanged, and from profit
that a minority may do legally and successfully in its private · on the labor-cost of exchange, should have no place. Such
capacity through social organization and combination, what dividends are equivalent to the exercise of the taxing power
<1 majority refuses to do in its public capacity through political
by private individuals. Co-operative organization of indusaction or government; and believing that to-day there is a tries and banking, with a medium of exchange based upon
strong minority {multitudes of noble, sympathetic men and labor, offers the most logical and powerful means by which
women everywhere) intellectually and physically equipped to such taxing power of usurious capital may be broken, and land
lay the foundation of the Co-operative Commo_nwealth, there held for speculation or rent restored to the people for social
will be presented in this series a well developed and practicable use. Representing these epochal ideas this Industrial Congress
plan for its immediate initiation ancla logical· ·forecasting of would act with that consummation constantly in view, conthe evolutionary methods and ·means by which the impending vening annually and amending and improving its industrial
law as experience and conditions required or justified, just a:\
social and industrial revolution will be largely wrought.
Epoch periods bring forth epochal ideas, epochal move- all great national orders are built up today.
Upon the free exercise of these four functions of societyments, and epochal men. The epochal men organize the
epochal movement; the movement gives form ;md substance the industrial, the political, the educational, and the exchange
to the idea . That this is an epochal period in the history of of the products of labor, the life, liberty and industrial activcivilization, no one familiar with the signs of the times can ity of every individual and even civilization itself, depend.
doubt. Among those signs are the ones just mentioned. The And Modern Educators now declare that in the complete
epochal idea today is co-operation, the epochal movement is co-operation of these social functions the solution..of the probindustrial organization, and the epochal organization to ex- lem of labor and capital will be found at last. The working
press and defend and advance the principles of co-operation together of some of these functions in a partial and imperfect
through industrial education will be known as the Co-operative manner has for some time been recognized, but nowhere are
they all working in perfect harmony.
Commonwealth.
The task which the Modern Educator must set for himself
The Co-operative Commonwealth which philosophers and
romancers have so long visioned in some undefined and far-off then, is to bring the political re-organizer, the industrial
time will have its birth and take its place in the affairs of co-operator, ·and the function of exchange into working harmen, just as have all other successful organizations in the past, mony with himself; that is, into an organization where all
whether political, industrial, educational or moral, and as all may work together free from the errors and traditions and limsocial orders necessarily must-its initiative will be the work itations of those older political and industrial orders which
of a few epochal men convening an Industrial ·congress of have proved themselves to be both unfitted and unable to
Co-operators and Modern Educators representative of the ideas solve the social problems of the times. This result may be best
to which it is desired to give form and power in organized accomplished through an Industrial Congress establishing the
Co-operative Commonwealth.
movement.
[Q]
Growth of Co-operation
NE of the most significant developments of the day
is the growth and development of the co-operative
organizations. The impractical dream of yesterday is
the accepted fact of today.
.
In a recent discussion of rural credit laws Myron T. Herrick
said: "You have heard critics and doubters say that while
co-operation may be congenial to German, Austrian, Danish
and Dutch farmers, it is not adap.table to American farmers
because conditions and temperaments in the United States are
different from those in Europe. I sincerely believe that if it
were legally possible to do through an association whatever
may now be done through a corporation, rural co-operation
would spread more rapidly and bring greater results here
than it has done in Germany. I base my belief on the fact
that wherever the association is now legal and properly regulated Amercian enterprise has, with few exceptions, done more
with it than European enterprise."
A Chicago lyceum bu_reau has sent out lecturers accom-
panied by Chautauqua entertainers and mus1c1ans to pul
before the farmers the advantages of co-operation. Instead of
charging admission, the farmers are asked to become members
of co-operative organizations.
The Department of Agriculture has prepared tentative articles of agreement for country clubs to study ways and means
of promoting community welfare. This department also maintains several bureaus engaged in various branches of the subject of co-operation, and pa rtly supports 1200 county far:.1
agents.
Fifteen local farmers co-operative grain elevators have
formed a corporation for the purpose of building a gra111
elevator at Galveston. This corporation has a seat in the
Kansas City board of trade. Community egg circles for the
marketing of eggs are being formed through the Department
of Agriculture. The Post Office Department is encouraging
the selling and delivering of eggs through the facilities it
offers. The eggs produced in the United States are worth
�The
Western
Comrade
annually $600,000,000, nearly as much as the wh~at . crop ..
Boys and girls in agricultural clubs hold records for crop
production per acre. 250;000 are enrolled in these clubs. A
regular service by mail is maintained from Washington, instructing the boys and girls in raising corn, potatoes, sugar
beets, market gardens, pigs, and poultry; also in home economics and handicrafts.
Co-operative laundries built aqjoining co-operative . c.reameries have banished "wash-day" from the homes in Minnesota and Wisconsin, ~nd two thousand co-operative insurance
companies present a record showing even greater ~uccess than
that of the ·creameries.
But these various instances of localized co-operation are
only slight indicat ions of the fact that Americans are beginning
to live up to their motto: "United we stand--." The law
de monstrates itself wherever applied. At Puyallup, Wash. a
· Page tWenty·livt
number of small farmers ' who were going -behind were organ•
ized into a society of which the fundamental bylaw was that
each member must market ALL of his produce through the
organization. This has grown into a very prosperous com·
~unity with many co-operative features.
•
· The most thorough and ideal example• of the co-operative
spirit carried through ev.e ry feature of daily life is the Llano
del Rio Co-operative Colony. The experience of this community is proving very difinitely that the way to construct an
-edifice, whether material or economic, is to get together and
The individualistic idea of lighting for your own hand alone
against the world takes on an aspect of trivial foolishness,
compared with what a large group of people, working together and conserving the wealth they create in one whole,
.can accomplish in the way of real results.
Jottings of Julius
The cost of living started out quite nominal, but
th e capitalist s soon made it PHEnomenal.
--oThe most ideal system which man will ever ereale is one in which the persons who do the work of
the world will gel the product of their toil. The
most odious system is capitaliism, for under it the
toilers are exploited. an d the parasites rewatded .
-o-
.
~M
By Emanuel Julius
Professor Pickering says he could talk to Mars
if he had $10,000,000. Most of the parasites who have that much money can talk . to
Venus. We have always heard that money talks,
but it has been our impression that it takes more
than $10,000,000 to talk to Mars. In Europe they
are talking to Mars to the tune of $90,000,000 a
day. Some talk!
--()-
When we were children we were taught to
Emanuel
" scatter seeds of kindness". But the copybook
maxims have been changed. Today the children
are ta ugh t to "scatter dum-dum bullets." They are instructed
in ca pitalism's favorite bit of ethics: "Let no day pass without
hoping to bayonet someone who happened to be born in a
fore ign land ."
-o-
The jingoists "settle" the unemployed problem by sending
the out-of-works to die on the battlefields. When they are
all "at rest," the unemployed problem is "settled." Very simple
logic. Do you get it?
We are told that war prepares .men for good citizenship.
'The fiber is made all the fin er a nd firmer by the hammer
of Mars," says a newspaper writer. Take a healthy man and
lap one of his arteries. Let the life fluid trickle from him .
Will tha t strengthen his fiber and make firmer his being?
-o-
Ciimbers - porch and social - are the result of the capitalist system. They are the extremes of monopolism.
-o-
A good feature of the Socialist movement ·is that the members a rc not the pawns of leaders. The officers in the organization are the servants, •not the masters, of the rank and file .
The strength of Socialism lies in .the mass, not in the individual. One Socialist IS just about as important as one dill
in a pickle factory·.
-o-
Miiitarism Means Magnificent Melons for Morgan.
-o-
A scientist claims that goldfish . have .brains. Well, the first
thing we know a scientist will come along and say he has discovered a set of brains in the cranium of a workingman who
vo!es lJ:n old party ticket.
Capital recognizes no flag or nation. It aoes
Julius
beyond all frontiers. It expects the workers to be
patriotic, to worship fla gs and die for countries,
oecause it is the best way to continue in power. Capitalists
a re believers in solidarity for themselves and competition
among the workers. A divided working class means a powerful
moneyed class.
- o-"Small thieves lie in lowers fastened to wooden blocks; big
ones strut about in gold and silver", said Cato, who lived two
centuries before Christ. Today we have the same condition,
and we often characterize it as follows: "Steal a loaf of bread
a nd you go to jail ; steal a railroad and you go to the Senate."
--oAft~r we have civilization civilized, it will be time enough
to go after the so-called heathen.
--oIf you say "Don't hurt business," you are called a 5ound,
conservative, respectable citizen. But · if you say "Don't let
business hurt the people," .you are a dange ous agitator who
seeks to undermine the institutions of society.
--()-
George Washington put it correctly when , in a letter to
Lafayette, he wrote: "It really is a very strange thing that
there should not he room in the world ·for men to live without
ctttting one anoth~r's throats."
--aUnder Socialism , the man who will move the machinery
will be the man to rule the world.
- aWhen the exploited worker is asked where he stands on
"elastic currency" he should answer that he stands for more
adhesive curency.
- aLess booze and more books- that IS pretty general among
the Socialits.
�The'
Page twenty-six
1-s I
Western
Comrale
Victor Berger on His ·Recall
- 1 INCE
the rules governing national referendums restrict me to 200 words for arguments referring to the
recall initiated by Local Marion, Ind., kindly permit
, _ _ me to say a few more words in my behalf through the
columns of your valuable ·paper.
For many years I have advocated a certain training of all
citizens of our country-as a part of "preparedness" for the
working class. ·
The difference between militarism and my position is
eno;mous. It is as great as the difference between Capitalism
and Socialism.
·
Militarism is a means to keep the working class ~n subjection.
My "preparedness" will put into the hands of the working class
the means to free itself, if all other means should fail-or if
the republican form of government should be threatened by
the plutocracy.
I am one of those who believe in constructive political work.
While we favor the acceptance of the smallest political and
economic reform that may benefit the working class, we also
know t 1• ·t, nevertheless, in the end emancipation of the working cia~ will be hardly brought about by such reforms. And
it will st 1y never be brought about by speeches and pamph-
lets. . The capitalist class will not abdicate as easily as all that.
In -the end it will be a question of force. And if the working
class is "well prepared," it will not nece~sarily be bloody force.
A Socialist party that does not want to give up all ambitions
and hopes for the establishment of Socialism .· can, therefore,
never be a pacifist party.
Moreover, a democratically organized defense force was
always considered by every Socialist party in the world as a
means of international peace. There is no such democratic
army in Europe today-the nearest approach to it, we find
in Switzerland.
The platform of nearly every Socialist party in the world
declares for an armed nation. The last International congress
which had· this subject under consideration was held in Stuttgart in 1907. It decided unanimously:"The congress sees in the democratic organization of a military system and in the substitution· of a citizens' army for a
standing army an essential guarantee for making offensive
wars impossible and facilitating the elimination of antagonism
between nations."
The American Socialist platform contains nothing on this
question.
A Strange Referendum
1 Il'
iT is most astonishing to find Socialists initiating a ref-
erendum for the recall of Comrade Victor Berger on
the grounds proposed by local Marion. What l are ~e ·
to recall a member of the National Committee for
favoring a measure which has been proposed by Socialist conventions in every country of the world and· indorsed by the
Socialist International?
Do the Local Marion comrades know that if their rule had
been applied in the past, Marx, Bebel, Jaures, Vandervelde,
and all the other great Socialist leaders would. have been
pitched out of the party? That the whole international Socialist movement would have been excommunicated? Here
is the proof:-'The program of the French Socialist party adopted in 1902,
demanded: "Substitution of a militia for the standing army,
and adoption of every measure, such as reductions of military
service, leading up to it." - Ensor's Modern Socialism, p.349.
The German Social-Democratic party at the Erfurt conference in 1891, demanded: "Education of all to be capable
of bearing arms. Armed nation instead of standing army."
- Ensor's Modern Socialism, p.319.
The program of the Social-Democratic Federation of England as revised in 1903, demanded: "The abolition of standing armies and the establishment of national citizen forces."
- Ensor's Modern Socialism, p.355.
The Austrian Social-Democratic program adopted in 190 I,
demanded: "Substitution of the armed nation for the standmg army. Education of all to be capable of bearing arms.
Arming of the whole nation." -Ensor's Modern Socialism
p.366.
The program of the Belgian Labor party adopted at Brussels
·in 1893, demanded: Provisionally; organization of a national militia."-Ensor's Modern Socialism, p. 326.
The International Socialist" congress of Stuttgart in 1907
B y E I i z a b e t b H. T b e ~ a s
declared : "The congress sees in the democratic organization
of the military system and in the substitution of a citizens'
army for the standing army an essential guarantee for making
offensive wars · impossible and facilitating the elmination of
antagonisms between nations."
Nor has the Socialist party ever changed its ground on this
question. These demands for the "citizen army" have never
been annulled or repealed by the International or by any of
the national parties.
With what kind of consistency can a comrade claim to
stand for international Socialism and at the same time propose .
to recall those who stand for the measures proposed by the
Socialist International?
It is unfortunate that some of our comrades know so little
about international Socialism and what it really stands for.
They do know that the sort of "preparedness" advocated
by Wilson and the munition trust is a bad thing. Therefore,
they imagine that all "preparedness" is a bad thing. They
do not understand that the kind of "preparedness" (namely,
the citizen army) advocated by Comrade Berger and the international Socialist movement would make offensive wars impossible and cut off militarism right at the root.
It is curious that these extreme pacifists want to persecute
everybody who does not agree with them. They want peacebut not peace with their fellow Socialists. Those .who do not
agree with them must walk the plank. This is a ruinous policy
and destroys all fredom of thought and speech. Surely our
party is large enough . to have some room for diversity of
opinion. The days of heresy-hunting are past even in the
church. Let us put an end to them in the Socialist Party.
But, above all, let us·have enough consistency and common
sense not to persecute a comrade for sharing the views of
the great builders of the Socialist movement, as carefuly
and deliberately expressed in all their official utterances.
�The
Comrade
Western
With the Hustlers
" I shall come to Llano this fall, and also let my family take
a look at it; but it would not be necessary for me to make
this trip in order to strengthen my belief that such a co-operative community as that devised by you could be prosperous.
Even if your enterprise should fail, though I do not see yet
any reason why it could, similar ~nes will be in the next steps
of the social development. Fraternally yours, A. K.
-oH. S., San Simon, Ariz., says: "I am anxious to receive the
next copy of the Comrade, but I am more ·anxious to be back
at Lla no .
I must say I never enjoyed a vacation as
wei! as the short time I spent at the Colony. I am boosting
it. and everyone around here thinks it will be a delightful place
to go to ."
--<>-
( . N. D., Panama, says: "You will notice instead of coming
to Llano, we have drifted quite a distance. A rather mysterious route, but such is the pass we hope will lead us out
of the competitive world. Llano is our goal all the while.
With best wishes to the brave and industrious comrades."
--<>-
''I'm keen to know all about Llano-that's where I long to
be. Yours for co-operation , C. C."
-
0-
'' lt 's a stimulator of high power-like reading of the
'Deu tschl and's' arrival. More power to co-op. Truly, W. M.
--<>-
A. K., of Salt Lake, hustler-in-chief among sub-getters,
hit the high record mark for July by turning in sixty-one
suhscriptions. He said in June that he hoped to raise his
thirty-eight to fifty, but like a good co-operator, he did not
stop when he reached that point and kept on until he had added eleven more. The WESTERN COMRADE surely appreciates his efforts.
--<>H. M., of Alberta , Can., says in part: "I wanted to subscribe
long ago, but there were two reasons; first, dollars are scarce
as hen's teeth; second, when I read the WESTERN COMRADE it made me feel so bad that I cursed everything in
Canada for not being able to be with the comrades in Llano .
If they will use their own heads a little and not let
themselves be confused by such tommyrot as the Deputy
Commissioner of Corporations gave out in his .report, and stick
lo it, they must succeed."
-o-
F. P. McMahon, Llano, on a lecture tour, writing from Taft,
Cal., says : "After seeing conditions in the capitalistic world
aga in, the Colony looks better than ever. The struggle out in
the system is getting harder all the time, there is no hope for
the worker. As an individual he is doomed. The colonists
are surely fortunate, their troubles are as nothing compared
to hundreds and hundreds of people right here in this wonderfully rich oil region. Patience should be their watchword.
Best wishes to one and all. Yours ever in the cause."
If You Received Two
WESTERN COMRADES this time, pass one of
them on to neighbors or friends who are interested. Get his subscription too.
Page twenty-seven
·-.
The Soils of Llano
(continued from page nineteen)
ganic mass of mineral clay, the organic substance which is so
necessary to the fertility of the soil.
Taking this soil in its raw state our gardeners have ·produced
wonderful results, clearing, leveling and applying compost
from the barnyard, until we have over a hundred acres ·of
vegetables and small fruits that supply, at the .present time,
the needs of over seven hundred people.
M-ethods of Improvement ·
..
Plants grow like animals, and in this growth there is a tearing down or wasting away of the tissues. Besides the food
necessary to replace :these wasted tissues the plant must have
food to ·build more tissue and to store away in its stems, roots,
leaves and seeds.
Foods containing carbon help to build the tissues of the
stems, roots and leaves. Foods containing nitrogen are stored
away in the seeds and edible parts of the plants. We therefore see the necessity of mineral and nitrogenous compounds
in the soil. Plants may grow luxuriant foliage which is largely
mineral, on a mineral soil, but will not produce seeds or food
because of the lack of nitrogen, potash, or phosphoric acid.
Barnyard manure has been used ·with astonishing results.
Last year an experiment was carried on with wheat. It was
partly on raw and partly on manured soil. The manured soil
produced thirty bushels per acre, and the raw soil about
fifteen bushels per acre.
.
Barnyard manure does not, however, contain the element
nitrogen in any appreciable quantity. Nitrogen is produced by
the decay of the organic matter in the manure, which under
favorable conditions is converted into ammonia or its com•
pounds, which is in turn, through bacterial action, converted
into nitrates.
A soil may contain a great deal of plant food and yet plants
grown on it may starve to death. For example, if the soil is
hard or cohesive, root development is hindered, and the plant
food is untouched because the roots can not. reach it.
The incorporation of manure with the soil modifies this difficulty. The soil becomes more porous, The organic substance of the manure holds the soil particles apart, and also
increases its water holping capacity.
A large percentage of the plant food elements are oxides.
The free circulation of air through the soil is necessary to 'the ·
oxidation of the mineral and chemical elements contained in
it. The loose condition of the soil, such as is obtained by the
application of manure, is advantageous to the circulation of
the air and more food is in this way made avail·able.
The use of barnyard manure ·s not practicable as a soil
builder when working on a large area. The process is too
slow when hundreds of acres are being prepared.
Green manure crops have been proven. a success and have
the added advantage of quickness in their results. It has
been proven that the yield of potatoes in Llano can be increased thirty per cent by the raising and plowing under of
green crops such as peas, vetches, clovers and alfalfa. The
organic matter of the stems, roots and leaves decompoSes, and
leaves the mineral matter and nitrogen of which they are composed in the soil. These gteen crops have the further advan~·
tage of being al:-le to convert the free nitrogen of the air into
nitrates, which 1\re directly available as food to plants.
.
The conver~i'l'l of humus into nitrates takes, in some cases,
a whole year. ''Ve can, therefore, see the advantage of having
our nitrates imrrediately available to the crops. On account
.of these facts w.~ are planning to seed three hundred acres. to
alfalfa, which will increase the humus and nitrogen content of
our soils and furnish one of the best of foods for our stock.
�The
Page h-vcnt y-eigh t
The . Western Comrade
Entered as second-class matter at the post office at Los Angeles, Cal.
ISSUED EACH MONTH AT LLANO, CALIFORNIA
Subscription Price Fifty Cents a Year
JOB HARRIMAN, Managing Editor
FRANK E. WOLFE, Editor
VOL. IV.
We s ter 'n
Comrade
telephoning the Colony, or better still, if possible write time of arrival
addressing Publicity Department, Uano, Cal.
,
Stage fare from Palmdale to -the Colony is $2 for the round trip.
There is daily auto stage ·service from Los . Angeles to the Colony ..
Service can be arrang.d for at 924' Higgins Building, Los Angeles. Round
trip $5.00, one way $3. ·
.: ·
Hotel rates at Llano·, $1.00 per day. Single meals, 25c. Midday
meals at the Tighlman hotel, · 35c; Sunday chicken dinners at the Sierta
Madre (boys and girls) colony, SOc, under Mrs. George Pickett's management.
Nos. 4 and S
AUGUST -SEPTEMBER, 1916
The Nondescript
YOU MAY · ASK QUESIIONS
of the editors of the various departments about
their work, and they will answer your questions
gladly.
fJJ Health , Agriculture, Education, Art, Wom~ns'
and other departments will be contin ued as regular
features of the WESTERN COMRADE and you
are urged to make the fu llest usc of th e opportunities for information th us offered.
fJJ
Address your inquiries to
Editor, WESTERN COMRADE
Llano, California
L~~~~~~~~~_~
To the Edit or. Western Comrade:
F 10m var ious sources and in various ways a propaganda is going
fo rth to the American public, the objec t of which is to induce the public
to beli eve that stringen t legal measures must be taken for the conservation of the public health, and that in order to do this an independent departmen t of health must be established under the Federal government, wi th its chief officer a member of the P resident's cabinet. In
no instance can the demand for this departmen t, o r these activities, be
traced to the general public ; the demand is entirely from a group of
J octo rs who have become so nu merous a nd so insistent within the ranks
of the various poli tical parties tha t they have cdlne to be known as
"political doctors."
These arc all of one school of medicine, that which calls itself the
"regular" school. No t content with having every office under the public
health service, where the office requires one trained as a physician,
fi lled with a physician trained in the allopa thic school, these doctors a re
now a ttempting an extension of fhe public health service and a gradual
usurpation of the right s and powers of the various sta tes in the ma tter
of public . health.
·n1c a verage man and woma n no t onl y feels perfec tly competent to
select such form of treatment for disease as he or she may prefer, but
demands th at he or she be left free to make such selection without interference by state or government. State medicine would surely be a step
towards sta te religion, and befo re any assent is given to a further ex tension of the powers of a medical monopoly, careful examination should
be made as to what is meant by " the enactment of further me.tsures
for the conservation of health and the creation of an independent department of health."
Yours very truly,
(Signed) Henry Van Arsdale.
T R A I N,
A UT 0
A N D_ H 0 T E L
SER V I C E
The Southern Pacif1c railroad passes th rough Palmdale, twenty miles
from the Colony. There arc two trains each way daily. Train leaves
Los· Angeles a t 7: 45, arriving a t Palmdale at 10:47 a. m. Train leaves
Los Angeles in evening a t 7:45, arriving at Palmdale 10 : 47 p. 111.
Down train or from San Francisco and int ervening points. arrives at
Palmdale at 3:55 a. m. and 4:07 p. m.
The Llano stage, which ca rries mail and passengers, m.ecls the 10:47
~\. m. trai n and pi c ~s up passen.gers arri,•ing from the south and those
from the north ,,·ho have been wa iting since 3:55 a. m.
Visitors arriving· on the afternoon trains may secure auto service by
B·y JACK WOLF
1- call him that. Perhaps
You'll ca:n him other names.
However, he's a man of God's
Own making. Fa me and fortune
Never stopped to place a wreath
Of sweet success upon his brow,
And melancholy lingers at
His side, a life companion .
A nondescript, that's what he is.Named and yet nameless. One day ·
I came upon him unawares, alone he sai ,-A sad, pathetic figure in the park and
In his hand he held a quaint,
Old-fashioned silver watch. I caught
His hand and looked to see
The fading photo of a mother's face
Within the cover. And then I looked
Into the eyes of Nondescript and saw
Some tear-drops glisten. Then I knew,
That even tho Success has · passed
Him by, a higher, Godly blessing
Pulsed within the heart of Nondescript.
I have a boy at home and I am praying
He will always be an honor
And a source of pride and joy to both
His mother and myself,-and yet
If this same boy of mine, in years to come,
Will always cherish, love and keep
A quaint, old-fashioned silver watch,
Wherein between the covers is
A mother's face , I then will know
My life has not been spent in vain.
Is your address right?
Please write to the Circulation Department if your
Address is not correctly given on the WESTER~
COMRADE, as the move to Llano has made a revtston of the mailing list necessary.
Circulation Department
WESTERN COMRADE
Llano, California
�f,.e
e :5l era
Le ers
.
Co
.. a de
Co onists
from
WHY I CAME TO UANO
l carne to Uaao because I could see DOt ouly an in~t ming for myself and family wilL aD its social and
mofal advaotaget, but to hdp solve the prOOiem of co-opm'wn, ami I am going to help cany out my intentions. [
fiiid and ttill have, umhakm faith in its founder, Mr. Harrima~o, I have t~pent about seventeen months here, and of
"'"'~have had to do tome pioneering which I fully expected
10 do, but I am ttill here and feel that I am one of the many
whtJ will eventually thow the capitalistic world what co-opera11011 In reality can do. I have no desire whatever to go back
1u ' ity life, I am for Llano, now and always.
--o-Le Roy Morrison
ll,l\ i11~ been located in the Antelope valley, Los Angeles
ll!llltly. California , on Mescal Creek previous to the arrival
--o--
''' the Llano del Rio Colony on the Big Rock Creek, and
h,1 1 111~ heeu in the struggle for existence under the capitalist
rcv.un • for ~ome thirty years, the idea of co-operation appealed
ll'tY ~trongly to myself and wife. Therefore, when the Llano
Colouy wa& in its infancy we became working members. joinlllf\ the first day of May, 1914. Our experience has shown
that united efforts and a little stick-to-itiveness is all that is
rtquircd to build up for yourself a home which you cannot
.d11' :!Y~ do under the capitalistic system on the outside.
John ). Leslie
To our Comrades: We have b n i·iting for th
days in the Llano Colon and I would sugg sl t ny p1 sp •
tive investor to come here and' see for him If wht\l th s
people have accomp)ished in two years, starting with fiv p O•
pie. Now 308 acres, 120 acres in pears, 40 a res in F neh
prunes and 100 acres in garden of v g •tab!
t\ w nd rful
rabbitry containing over 2000, 2000 hens, 85 cows and n
splendid barn, and we are told there arc 85 h d on th r ng ,
also 30 head of colt5. are the resul t of two y ars Ia! or.
There are 73 working horses ; a large industrial building in
which is contained all departments of mechanical rna hin ry,
including a fine weaving shop for carpets, tc., a spl 'ndid up•
to-date printing establishment with modern linotyp , n st am
laundry, new public bathhouses a1id swimming pool. The c n•
nery is now ready for operation. Colony also owns farm
machinery and implements of all kinds. A library of 1800
books and magazines, hotel of 14 rooms with public dining
room. Three musical bands of which I heard two play nd
their music was excellent. The above I have seen with my
own eyes, and I know it is here as related. IRENE M. SMITH
I hnv t•esided in Llano for more tha n fourteen months, and
< nu ~ id
r myself in a position to give a fa ir and unbiased
llpinion of this wonde rful community. I have been here long
1'11011\!h t b shorn of any illusions that might have been part
ol my first enthusiasm over the place and I can truthfully say
1h11t cv ry phase ·of life here is superior to the life encounll'i'<'d in th
apitalistic world. No, life is not one long sweet
;un~ h •t· 11 r do we expect to be caried to the skies on flowery
h~d s of as , but I wish to draw attention to the fact that our
p opl p s s the neces ary requisites for success, namely; a
d t~rminntion to o ercome all obstacles and a genuine spirit of
O•OP rntion. To those who contemplate joining us, I would
~ny . "
m on in. the water i fine."
C. H. Scott.
--()--
After spending a week at Llano, I am able to say that, whil
I have kept up with the progress made at the Colony througl1
the Comrade, yet I was agreeably surprised at the huge problems which have been solved, and the great f'Uture that
lies before them. I believe those who stick to it will reap
a wealth of opportunity that will well repay their efforts. I
do not believe their literature .exaggerates, indeed it hat left
me short in my imagination of the thinp attained.
Mn. E. C., Pa.adena
"THE PEST"
ADOLESCENCE" and "SLUMMING"
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Three Clever Plays
thing to smile t when you read. o~ to roar
~en you see them p)~yet they'll giv~
m thin to ponder over, too.
Eq..
• .,.
~of
Musical Instruments Needed
at Llano
&.a:a-.1 Jdm:
~ bM " .-1 · ~ style
d of • mattu has
li~ 11ft it
pith., od appeals stroogly to the reader.
The band, orchestra, and other orpni:z.ahc.mf
at Uano are in need of imtrumentf. Those
interesled please CDDJmunicate with
•011'1 ~ it • ~~ cW st
ILan
yoa''R
m.d "'11£ PEST.· ane oE
- • laciol ~..ftoa-tLe
'
exv pot
d -
mlo pn..L
1\e • . ue jml
............. litlle boaHd.
CirculationOepartmmt
ESTERN CO fRADE
l.Jar.,, California
curs
•
�GASTRONOMICS
Page thirty
The Cooks' Comer
Edited by Chef Robert
The coupon must be used in asking questions and m4st be
mailed to the Culinary Editor, Western Comrade; Llano, Cal.
Cut it out and pin it to your letter.
,
Any recipe will be given," also translations of French or
German mc:nu terms.
This department is . not confined to American cookery; it
is internationai-French, German, Russian, Chinese, Spanish,
etc.,
Culinary Editor, The Western Co~de
The
Western
Comrade
PEARSON'S
.
the only magazme
of its kind
IS
This Is Why:Three years ago Pearson's decided to be a FREE MAGAZINE.
This was the purpose:~
A plain form would enable the magazine to live on its
income from subscriptions and monthly sales. It would
not have to consider the effect on advertisers when it
wanted to . print the truth about any public queestion.
This was the result:·· -·· ···· ·· ··· ··
··················----···············-·------------------------------------
Pearson's NOW prints the truth about some question
which affects your welfare i:t every issue.
It Prints Facts Which No Magazine That Depends
On Advertising Could "Afford" To Print.
Name
You are at liberty to ask any questions you desire, and
they will be answered by Chef Robert. This department is
instituted for the benefit of the housewives who read The
WESTERN COMRADE. and they are urged to make good
use of it.
Feeding for Egg Production
coninuedfromp.l 9
What is a good summer food and brings better results if
fed with other grains is Egyptian corn, Kaffir corn, and Indian
corn. These may be mixed in different proportions, but it
is advisable to make the larger portion of wheat in the summer
on account of the heating effect of the corn, a·nd in the winter
to increase the corn as the weather changes.
Do not feed mouldy food; cleanliness should always be
observed.
The natural habit of the hen is to be busy all day. It is
therefore necessary to have· some delicacy within reach at all
times of the day. Keep them busy and happy. The hen solo
means eggs; train your singers.
When the foods are being changed do not change too
abruptly; make it graduallly.
In feeding lime, be sure it is slacked. Oyster and clam
shells make good lime foods for they serve the purpose both
of lime and grinders. This and charcoal should be before the
hens at all times.
Remember that meat and green-cut bone are excellent foods
and are best fed in a fresh state. If handling poultry on a
large scale, one shonld have a meat and bone cutter so he may
utilize all'ineat that might otherwise be wasted. Care should
be taken in feeding the meat not fo feed too much at a time
unless you have a steady -supply of all they can eat for when
they haven't a steady supply they are apt to over eat when fed.
Milk is a very good food especially at moulting time. It
should never be fed fresh but sour or curdled, and fed in clean
troughs. Care should be taken to have a constant supply, as
otherwise the hens may over drink when they get it. Care
should also be t<\k~n i11 ke~?ping the vessels and troughs for
fe~n~
clea11,
·
· ·
·
·
And, with all this, Pearson's s till prints as much fiction
and entertainment articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts, buy a copy on the news stand for 15
cents, or subscribe by the year for $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to
make you the following clubbing offer un til November lst.
You can get both PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for One Year by
sending One Dollar to
CirctJiation Dept., Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
After November lsi this rate will be raised to $1.50
Announcement!
Increase in prices of all materials used in getting out THE WESTERN
COMRADE has made ic necessary to discontinue the low clubbing rate
of 25c a year. Henceforth, the subscription price will be SOc a year.
no maller what the number of subscriptions sent in.
Those wh<> have read the COMRADE during the last yea r know that
it is easily worth a dollar a year, compa red with other magazines. But
because we now have our own p rinting plant equipped with the latest
lnterlype machine made, and with a cylinder p ress that does fast work,
the low price of SOc a year can be made.
The LLANO COLONIST will soon be in the mail. and every interested
reader of the COMRADE will also want it. Those who rer.ew now and
subscribe for the COLONIST a t the same time 'will receive both publications
for 75c a year . The regular price of the COLONIST is SOc.
Do You Like To Draw?
CARTOONISTS earn big money. Our modern up-to-date home study
method can teach you this well paying profession a t a low cost. Send 4c
for illustrated booklet and sample lesson plate.
LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING
415c Thorpe Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
()
Home A 2003
Main. 619
A . J. STEVENS
DENTIST
306 South Broadway, Loa Angeles, Cal.
Room 514
�Subscription Offers
Important Notice
OFFER No.1
INCREASE IN PRICE OF
WESTERN COMRADE
American Socialist, one year ·----------------.50c
1914 Socialist Campaign Book _____ ____ __ ______ _50c
Western Comrade or
Llano Colonist, one year --·-- ---- -------- --------.50c
Because of the increases in the costs of the high-grade
paper used in THE WESTERN COMRADE and the other
increased costs of materials, the price must be raised to
FIFTY CENTS A YEAR STRAIGHT. This will make
club rates impossible except for our two publications to
one address.
Total $150
Combination Offer ..... ____ ·----------------------$UN)
OFFER
No.2
W E S T E R N C 0 M R A D E, S 0 c a y e a r
C~mpaign
Book, American Socialist, Western
Comrade and Llano Colonist-Total value of
all Four, $2.-0ur Combination Offer, $1.2S
LLANO
COLONIST, SOc a
Both to Ooe Name
aod Address
year
75c
You should read THE; WESTERN COMRADE and the
U.ANO COLONIST both. Send in your subscriptions at
once and get as many other subscribers as you can.
OFFER No . 3
National Rip-Saw and Western Comrade or
Llano Colo~ist , 75c-AU Three for $1.00.
Circulation Department
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Llano, Cal.
Circulation Dept., Western Comrade,
Llano, Cal.
When You Want
Llano Special Rugs
As Premiums
Information About
Llano:
ITS PUBLICATIONS
ITS INDUSTRIES
ITS INSTITUTIONS
ITS SCHOOLS
ITS AMUSEMENTS
Address
27xS4 RUGS, Red, Blue, Green or other Trimming
The WESTERN COMRADE
Each person sending in a club of 25 Subscriptions
at 50c each to THE WESTERN COMRADE or
the LLANO COLONIST. or 20 Combinations of
the TwQ at 7Sc each will be given a beautiful
Llano Made RUG FREE.
LLANO, CAL.
FOR INFORMATION ABOUT
MEMBERSHIP
APPLICATION BLANKS
INSTALLMENTS. ETC.
Address
•
Circulation Dept., Western Comrade
Llano, Cal.
Llano del Rio Company of Nevada
JOURNAL BLDG., RENO, NEVADA
KEEP INFORMED ABOUT LLANO
These are' the only publications which will
bring you authentic information about the
greatest co-operative enterprise in the world.
They will occupy distinctive fields. Send
us your subscription at once for both of
them.
THE WESTERN COMRADE SOc a Year
THE
LLANO
COLONIST
SOc
a
Year
BOTH to one address for One Year for ..... ...... ...
75c
1
�.''
"'
Does Yo-mr Town
Supply you w.ith work when you are out of a job?
f
Furnish you with free medical attendance?
I
Take any interest in your affairs at all \l
Insure a living for your family?
MOVE
Preparedness ?
Establish industries and develop resour~es ?
you an interest in the affairs of the .town?
Undertake to create an intelligent ur>derstanding of its
problems?
~ive
To a ToWil That Does!
No.
just a Lhno Drive 'Aga inst Brer Rabbit.
LLANO offers you many advantages; Ito:wns
Its brick yard, lime kiln and saw mill .
Its planing mill, cabinet shop, paint shop, rug works.
Its swimming pool a nd baths, it s machine shop, blacksmith shop.
The laundry, printing plant, cannery, shoe shop.
Telephone line and hotel ; tailor shop and art studio.
.
~
Its dairy and creamery ; its bees, ga rdens, orchards.
Its rabbitries, poultry ya rds, alfalfa fie lds, hogs, and
horses.
A stage line and trac tors a nd trucks. Its fi.elds and
nursery.
Many other industries.
YOU are an equal owner in ALL of these things
This is the reason so many people come to Llano.
It is the only city in the world that ta kes care of its• citizens.
It is the only city that provides for its aged without givin g charity. It ·s the only city that offers equal opportunity
and guarantees a living to al l. It is the only city that is progressive in every direction.· It offers jrou the things
you are striving for, and it offers you independence.
roundings.
II offers freedom from worry. security an d pleasant sur-
The World's BeSt Insurance Policy
is a membership in the Llano del Rio Community.
Investigate it at once.
There is nothing to equal it , nothing that eve n approaches it.
SEND FOR FREE -ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET "THE GATEWAY TO FREEDOM "
ADDRESS :
Llano del Rio Company
Jour.nal Building
OF NEVADA
Reno, Nevada
'··
�
Dublin Core
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-08/09
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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Double Issue
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-08/09
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n04-05_191608-09
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2018-07-31
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n04-05
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/785903694977b3c69b496c6f2a677c5b.pdf
80425dd2ca28a863b455bcf50619f6a7
PDF Text
Text
POLITICAL CARD built by Llano Socialists weighs over
eighty tons, and is the largest in the world. Kirkpatrick's
name is 220 feet long; sign from top to bott<>m is 190 feet
h is legjble for five miles and can be seen . for 20 miles with the
unaided eye. Estimated that 6000 tourists see it each week.
Required 610 hours of labor and 200 gallons of Llano-made
white-wash. Builders travded 1244 miles by auto to and from
work while building. Machine and labor donated. Sign
constructed under direction of John Shafer, of Llano. The
huge aign is one mile from the railroad and can be seen by
passengers on both sides of every train.
�The Gateway To Freedom
T
Through Co-operative Action
HE name of the Nevada Colony Corporation has been changed to the LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY OF
NEVADA. This has been done in order to conform to the name of the only Colony enterprise in which we
are interested- the LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY, situated in Los Angeles County, California.
We are not interested in any colonization enterprise in Nevada, or any other state outside of California.
Another important change has been made in that we have decided to issue our former contracts instead of the one
we offered as the Nevad a Colony Corporation. This make s the terms of membership much easier on the members.
Instead of asking $2,500 for memberships, we have de cided to continue on the $2,000 basis. This requires the
member to pay $1,000 as the initial fee, :and to work out the remaining I ,000 shares at the Colony, at the rate
of only one dolla r per day instead of tw.o dollars per day. Outstanding contracts will be changed to conform to
this when req uested.
The LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY is interested in only one magazine- THE WESTERN COMRADE. This
1s an illustrated monthly magazine devoted to the came of co-operation and Socialism. It has been issued by
th e Colony since its inception. Job Harriman, founder of the LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY, is the managing
editor. The Western Comrade will print stories in each issue covering the activities at the LLANO DEL RIO
COMMUNITY. The subsc ription price is fifty cents a yea r.
Following is the plan to which we have returned: each share-holder agrees to buy 2.000 shares of capital
stock. Each pays in cash or installments, $1.000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each receives a daily wage of
$4, from which is deducted one dolla r for the stock he is working out. From the remainder comes his living expenses. Whatever margin he may have above deduction fo r stock a nd living expenses is credited to his individual
account , payable out of the surplu s profits of the enterpri se. If a n installment member falls ill , is disabled or disemployed. the Colony gives him every opportunity to recover a nd resume payments. In no case will he be crowded. If he find s it impossible to resume payments, we will, upon request. is~ue stock for the full a mount he has
paid. This is tra nsferable a nd may be sold to his best advan tage . In this we will undertake to assist wherever
practicable. Corporations a re not allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
The Wee kly Newspaper. 1 HE LLANO COLONIST, gives the news of the world. of the Socialist movement
a nd of the Labor movement in condensed form . It carries the colony news, etc . The subsc ription rate is SOc
a year. Both the Western Comrade and the Lla no C olonist to one na me fo r 75c.
What The Llano Community Offers You
W
E have an abundance of sparklin ~ wa te r from mountain
Atreams suff1c ient to irriga te tho usands of fe rtile. ac res whe re
nalure·s bounty is limitless . We arc conducting an a g ri -
cultural, horticultural, stockraising ent~ rprise. \Ve ha ve a number of
industrial plants operating and a numht•r of o thers projected. We
have nearly 800 residents at the new city of Llano and thousands
present success. This fac t must be obvious to all. The management of the Llano del Rio Community has never been unmindful
of the fact that there is a numberless army that cannot take
advantage of this plan of co·operation. Many letters come in
that brea the biller and deep disappointment. No one could regret
this mo re than we do. It is o ur hope that the day will come
o f o thers are pla nninR to make it thf'ir ho me in the future . Thc_rc
a n· ('Xccllcnl schools. among them ,, w onderful Montesorri school
''hen successful co -operati ve groups can say to thei r s tripped, rob-
which lakes charge of the children <1 t two years of age. Schools
range from this lo the high school.
Writ<' today for an application blank, fill it out and send
and understanding of comradeship and co-operation a re welcome:·
lo~e tlw r w ith a remi tt ance o f $10 or more to secure yo ur membership. You can then arran ~e to pay $10 a month or more until
you t"an so ad jus.t yo ur affairs that you c an mak e final pay ment rmJ join your comrade~ who have already bo rne the f1rst
hrunl of pionecrin~.
i~ prov iding for the future whil{' his brothers
land a re bearing the brunt o f the pioneering.
·n,e clim.tte is delightful. the soil fl'rtilc, the wa ter pure and the
bed and exploited brothers: "You who come with willing hands
'[be installment plan of paym~nt whereby one pays $10.00 a
rnonth is proving satisfac tory. On this plan the absent comrade
P
EHSONS canno t be admilted to residence at the colony upon
the payment of $10.00 or any o ther sum less than the
initial payment fee. Hundreds write and suggest they be al·
lowed In pay a small amount. or in ~orne cases. nothing a l all ,
then enter th<· colony and work out the remainder of their shares.
If the colony permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is used to pay
for land. improvements machinery and to carry on the enterprise
until it is on a paying basis. .It takes considerable time to bring
a large agricultural undertaking to a productive point. The colony
must proceed along ·sound financial lines in order to continue its
l is ters on the
Families entering
the colony begin to draw from the commissary. Some of the food,
all the clo1hing, much of the material they d raw, costs money.
The inilial membership fee goes to offset the support of familie•
un til the colony shall be on a paying basis.
sociill life grows morr ideal as the <""o lony inc re ases in numbers.
SOUND FINANCING NECESSARY
and
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IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ANSWERED
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and credits
like any other property, go to his heirs. Only Caucasian•
are admitted. We have had applications from Negroes,
!!indus, :\longolia ns and Malays. The rejection of these applica·
tiuns .u e- nol due to race prcjuJicc but because it is not deemed
c.-xpedient to mix racC"s in these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern Pacific
Railroad. All household goods and other shipments should be
ro nsigned to the name of the owner, P almdale, California, care
Llano Colony. Goods will be stored in the colony's warehouse
until o rdered mo\'ed to Llano. All shipments should be pre·
paid. otherwise they cannot be moved and sto:age o r demurrage
may be charged. Freight transportation between the colony and
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the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers are carried
in the colony's auto stages. In shipping household goods, it will
be well to ship only ligh ter goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and
heavy articles should not be shipped from points where freight
rates are high.
Individuals may own their own automobiles and many colonists
do own them. All livestock, poultry, etc., are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. The aim is to keep the residence portion of the colony clean and sanitary.
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES
I
N conducting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Community it
has been found that the fewer inflexible rules and regulations
the greater the harmony. Instead of an elaborate constitution
and a set of laws the colonists have a Declaration of Principles
and they live up to the spirit of them. The declaration follows:
Things which are used productively must be owned collectively.
The rights of the Community shall be paramount over those of
any individual.
Liberty of ac tion is only permissible when it does not restrict
the liberty of ano ther.
Law is a restriction of liberty and is only just when operating
for the benefit of the Community at large.
Values crea ted by the Community shall be vested in the Com·
munity a lo ne.
The individual is not justly ent itled to more land than is sufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace and rest.
Productive
land held for profit shall not be held by private ownership.
Talent and intelligence are gifts which should rightly be used
in the service of others. The developmen t of these by educa tion
is the gift of the Community to the individual. and the exercise of
grr :t lf"• r.llility ent i tl("c; none to the false rewards of greater possessions. hut only to the joy of greater service to others.
Only by iden tifying his interests and pleasures with those of
others can man find real happiness.
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The duty of the individual to the Community is to develop ability
ro the greates t degree possible by availing himself of all educ•tional
faci lities and to devote the whole extent of that ability to the
service o f all.
The duty of the Community to tho individual is to administer
justice, to eliminate greed and selfi shnes.. to educate all and to aid
M
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
ANY persons who wan t to know how the affairs of tho
Llano del Rio Community are conducted think, in order to
get this information. they mus t secu re a copy of a con ·
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and his two assistants.
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WHAT COLONISTS ESCAPE
HE electric light bill, the water bill, the doctor's bill, the drug
bill, the telephone bill, the gas bill, the coal bill, the dentist's
bill, the school book suppiics bill, the sewer assessment bill,
and car fare, the annoyance of the back door peddler and beggar
(Henry Dubbs who think the trouble is individual ha rd luck),
the hundred and one greater and smaller burdens on the house·
holder, and the lean weeks caus~d by disemployment and the con sequent fear of the future. There is no landlord aml no ren t is
charged.
While they are charged with living expenses. for food and cloth ·
ing. the colonists never fear meeting the grocery bill. the milk.
the clothing bill, the laundry bill. the butcher's bill. and other
inev itable and multitudinous bills that burden the struggling workers
in the outside world. For the tax bill he has no fea r. The colony
oflicials attend to the details of all overhead. To colonists the
a museme nts, spor ts, pastimes , dances, enter tainments and a ll cdu ·
c al ional faci lities a re free.
The Directors o f the company are : J ob Harriman, president ;
Frank E. Wolfe, vice-president ; G. P . McCorkle, treasurer; C. M.
Cason. auditor; F. P. McMahon, vice-president ; W. A. Engle, sec·
retary; D. J. Wilson. vice-president ; A. F. Snell and Emma
J. Wolfe.
any m time o f age or misfortune.
stitution and by-laws. There is no constitution. The Llano Com ·
munity contents itself with a "declaration of principles" which is
printed above. The management of the Colony rests with tht·
board of managers, a member of which is the superintendent
I
meetings as many persons as can crowd in the room are always
present. These meetings are held every night and they are unique
in that n·o motions are ever made, no resolutions adopted and no
_minutes are kept. The last action on any matter supercedes all
former action and this stands until the plans are changed. The
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these nightly
meetings the work for the next day is planned, teams are allotted.
workers are shifted to the point where the needs are grP.atest,
and machinery is put on designated work, transportation is arranged, wants are made known. and filled as near as practiable.
The board of directors, membors of which are elected by the
stockholders, meets once a week and has charge of the financial
and business management of the enterprise. These directors arc
on the same basis as all their comrades in the colony. At the
general assembly all persons over eighteen years of age, residing
in the colony, have a voice and vote.
These managers are selected fo r their
frtness and ability. The business and financial affairs of the enter ·
prise a re conducted by the board of direc tors who are elected by
the stockholders. T he corpo ra tion hy -laws are the stereotyped corporation by.laws of almos t every ~ tate. The o nly innovation is in
the res t ric tin~ of anyone from vo ting more th an 2000 shares of
stock. re~ardl ess of how many shares are held. As this is to be
the ultimate holding of every member, this is considered a strong
pro tec ti ve clause. The incorporation charter is also the usual type
and gives th e corporation the right to tra nsact almost all manner
of business. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe, and
well construed. There is no disposition on the part of sta le
officials to interfere.
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
T
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkable form
of management that is the result of evolution. The management of the affairs of the colony industries arc in the hands
of the various department managers. There are about twenty-fi ve
of these departments and in each department there are divisions.
Over some of these divisions are foremen . All these are selected
fo r their experience and fi tness for the positi? n. At the managers'
You'll know
each weekjust what is being done in Llano. You'll know how
the different departments are progressing, about
visitors, about new members, all the things you
are interested in.
LLANO COLONIST
This is the new weekly newspaper with its news
of the world boile:l down to a few paragraphs, its
news of the doings of the people of the city of
Llano, and its editorials on co-operation. Subscribe NOW and get it all.
SOc a Year-In Combination with The Western
Comrade, to one address, 75c.
Circulation Department
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Llano, Cal.
ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS AND MAKE ALL PAYMENTS TO THE
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Uano del Rio Company of Nevada, Reno, .N evada
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�Information About The
Uano del Rio Co-operative Colony
T
HIS is the greatest Community Enterprise ever
launched in America.
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and is
situated in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles
County, California a few hours' ride from Los Angeles.
The community is solving the problem of disemployment
and business fa ilure, and offers a way to provide for
the future welfare of the workers and their fa milies.
Here is an example of co-opera tion in."action. Llano
del Rio Colony is an enterprise unique in the history
of community groups.
It was established in an attempt to solve the problem
of un employmen t by providing steady employment for
the workers; assure safety and comfort for the future
a nd for old age; to guaran tee education for the children in the best school under personal supervision
and to provide a socia l life am id surroundin gs better
than can he found in the competitive world.
About 800 persons are residents of the new city of
Llano, making it the largest town in the Antelope Valley.
More than 200 pupils will atte nd the opening of the
schools this year. Pla ns are under consideration for
housing pupils in a n eco nomical and very healthful manner. The Montesorri school , the largest in California.
will be continued as the first step in the school system .
Pupils will be taken through the intermediate work and
given High School tra ining. During the summer a
Vacation School has bee n conducted in which botany,
domestic sciences, agriculture, biology, languages, practical farming and other subjects have been taught in a
very successful ma nner.
Several industries are being operated by the school.
such as ca ring for the chickens, mil king goats and gardenin g. To please the children the school has been
named the S ierra Madre colony. The boys build
houses. farm a nd take care of thei r own live stock. The
girls lea rn sewing and cooking. The children feed and
partly cloth themselves. Rabbits. chickens. turkeys.
horses, goats. and many pels are owned by the children.
They lea rn co-operation a nd develop a sense of responsibility, besides ha ving a good time and acq uiring an
educa tion . They have 65 acr<.s o f ga rden now and next
year they expect to have more than I 00 acres. Their
poultry department will increase the present one thousand or more to 25,000 chickens.
The colony owns a fine herd of l 05 Jersey and Holstein cattle. besides about 80 head of young stock
ranging from calves to heifers a year and a half of age.
The 75 work horses, large tractor, Caterpillar engine,
three trucks, and numerous automobiles do the heavy
work a nd the hauling.
Thoroughbred Berkshires, Duroc-Jerseys, and Poland
Chinas are in the hog pens. Experiments will demonstrate which are the best suited to Llano. Stock will be
kept pure and high prices will be commanaed.
200 head are now on hand.
About
In the rabbitry are about 3000 Belgian and New Zealand Red rabbits. The number will be ultimately multiplied by about ten when quarters are constructed to
accommodate the increase.
The nursery shows thousands 'lf grape cuttings in
the ground, and thousands of shade and fruit trees,
as well as berries.
Honey is a part of each day's food supply. Bee
colonies number 668 and are in charge of expert bee
men . Several thousa nd stands will be the number in
a few years. They are increasing rapidly.
Among the industries are the la undry, printing plant,
ca nnery, hotel. planing mill, saw mill, machine shop,
rug weaving plant, fish hatchery, brick yard, lime kiln,
and many others. An ice plant, tannery and shoe factory a re expected to be among colonv industries soon.
13y acq uiring the timber on a portion of 1he San
Gabriel Forest reserve from the United States government. the securing of lumber for building is made easy.
One million feet will be cut at once. without injuring the
forest.
Fa rming on a large scale by use of modern machinery
with experienced farme rs in cha rge of the different
activities saves labor and expense and gains quick
and satisfactory results.
More garden will be planted each year, a nd each
year's success will become more pronounced as the
adaptability of different species and the resources of the
soil are better understood. Community gardening is
highly satisfactory.
Socia l li fe is delightful. The Llano baseball team has
been victorious thro~ghou l the valley. Da ncing, swimming. picnickin g, camping. hunting, fishing, .are popular. Lla no boasts of a brass band and severa l orchestras. Literary entertainments a re an established feature.
The several hundred acres now in alfalfa t.a re to be
increased by a t least 300 ac res more this fall ; the land
is now being prepared. This year seven cuttings are
confidently expected. Two orchards are producing.
About 400 acres in all are now planted to trees. All
are doing extremely well a nd are healthy a nd growing.
More than 26,000 two-year old peach, pear and apple
trees were pla nted last spring.
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside for
the new city to be built. The brick yard and the lime
kiln are both running. When it is considered time to go
ahead, the construction of the new city will be commenced. It will be different from any other in the world
and will be unique, comfortable, sanitary, handsome,
home-like, modern, and harmonious with·· their surroundings.
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ISSUED AU GUST
Cover Page
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'I h~ roo•t wonderful poiitical card
ha• been built by Llano Socialists.
A brief statement of what the Llano Community
now has accomplished and wha t is being done.
Socialist Stale Secretary Wishes Colony Success.. 6
II has been repor ted that the Socialist Pa rty of
Ca lifornia is opposed to the Colony.
Comrade
Secretary_ Thos. W. Williams correc ts this impression
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In formation About Lla no ----------------------------------- _4
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regards th e state o ffice.
Editorials -----------·-·····------- ----------·----·------------ --- -··--- 7
By J ob Harriman
A Trip Over The Llano .......... ........ ----·-·------·· ----- 10
In which Rbbert K. Williams takes his readers over
the " Loop Trip" and shows them some of the wonders of Llano, toge ther with the mos t recent im-
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provements.
Ll ano Offer~ Aid to Social Democrat... ... ............ IS
Linno Bean Cultu re --· -······- ·· ...... __ ------- -------------·- 13
13y Wesley Zornes .
The Mystery of Dea th (Poem) ............ _____________ _14
By George Mauricio.
ur New Print Shop ___ __ ___ ______ ___ ___________________ ________ IS
The first of a senes of ar ticles on industries a t
Ll nno. There Me ahou t thi rty of them.
An Art Vocation.... ---·----·------------------ ·- ----------------- 17
The first of a se ries of articles in the " Arts and
Music" section .
Blood and Iron ... ............................................... 18
13y Gray Harrim ~n.
10th , l916
Llano Manana .................................................... 16
By Frank E. 'l olfe. A glimpse into the futurt F
Llano by one ' ho has been connected with it from
the first .
Learning
By Doing.............................................. 19
By Mildred G. Buxton. l11e first artide in our
newly established "Educa tionnl" secti n.
What The Writers Say........................................ 20
Each mo nth the WESTERN COMR DE , ill Qivc the
substance of the leading nrtides in le dinQ moRn·
2mes.
Industries, Institutions, Recreations ....................22
Some of the d ifferen t phases of ac tivity nt Llano.
Therapeutics
.......... .....
. ............................. .... 23
By Dr. John 'Dequer.
Outline Plan of Work For Yea r .......................... 23
What Llano Women Do ......................... ............. 25
As the title indica tes. it showe how women nrc
assis ting m the bui lding of the grrn t o·opern tive
community.
What Our Visitors Say ...... ..................................25
Int eresti ng letters from thos.c who have been here.
Jottings of julius... .... ........................................ .26
Pi thy pa rag raphs th nt comment on the dny' 1 new•
«nd v1ews.
The Llano System................ .. ........................... 26
Ano ther int eresting article on Llano education .
The Cooks' Corner..............................................27
Llano Girls Perform ........ ----.......... ......................28
With the Hustlers ... ........................................... .29
Our Next Issue
The Next Issue of The Western Comrade will be
dated August- September, and will be
Issued about September 1Oth
In order to make the number of the is ue conform with the month, the next ISSUe of THE
WESTERN COMRADE will he dated August-September. All names will be advanced two
months on the mailing list to make this up for months when the WESTERN ffi\1RADE
'~
not i ned.
~ • th t the CO.!IRADE is housed in its own new home it will he umed regularly eac:h
month.
�Socialist State Secretary 'Wishes · Colony ·,success
OFFICE OF
'f'HO~fAS
SOCIAI... IS~r
'W. 'WJJ.J.JA .' \1,_
PAR~.ry
OF CAI_...IFORNIA
130T "·· ·i-l'hn !0\T.
J,O!!'i A:"'IGF.LE!'iO, CAL.
june 29th, 1916
John Van Nuland
Llano, California
Dear Comrade:
Yours with orders for due stamps received.
I am enclosing stamps in this letter.
I note
what you say in regard to the Colony and the Socialist Party a nd have this to say in reply.
am
pleased to to know that conditions are improving in the local a t Llano and also that conditions are
improved in the Colony.
1\ mistaken notion has obtained in the minds of some of the colonists that I was opposed to the
Colony, and that I was fighting it.
aught to retard its success.
This is the farthest from the truth .
I have never consciously done
On the contrary I have been very solicitous for its success and would re-
JOICe with you in seeing it realize its full purpose and object.
I realize, both for the interest of the Colony and the Party, the promoters of the Colony
made a mistake in not clearly and definitely showing that there was no connection between the party
and the Colony .
Had this been done it would have been better for both orga ni zations.
My reasons
for stating this that many people we~t into the Colony with the idea that it was a Socialist
In-
stitution and having an exaggerated idea as to what the Colony would accomplish, expecting the
In-
auguration of the Co-operative Commonwealth.
They were necessa rily disappointed and ready to
blame Socialism for their failure to realize the impossible.
I was anxious therefore to make it ciear to the public that the Socialist Party _as an organization was in no sense connected with this or any other Colony.
This was all I cared to accomplish.
did not , neither would I, say or do anything which would or could be used to disparage the effort
being made by the Colonists there to realize a certain amount of relief, even under capitalism.
I wish to assure you that I have and will continue to watch with intense interest the progress of
the
olony a nd no one will be more pleased to see it succeed than myself.
Will be pleased to hear from you at any time and will thank you for any information showing
the progress and growth of the Colony.
Fraternally Yours,
THOS. W. WILLIAMS
Secretary-Treasurer.
�-~
Political
Action
Co-operation
Direct
Action
The Western Comrade
Devoted
to
tbe
Cause
of
tbe
LLANO, CALIFORNIA, JUNE-JULY.
W
Editorials
ILSON or Hu ghes- which shall it be?
Wilson is the most radical and yet the most substantial
of Democrats. His policy is established. He stands for
peace . He will not go to wa r until he is forced . His honesty
'" not ques tion<'d by his party. His ability is not questioned
hy his enemy. His pa rty is united . His ca mpaign fund is
<mall.
Hu ~h es is the mos t co nse rvativ e a nd yet th e most sub; ta nti al of all Republicans. His policy is known . He will
loll ow a nd pro tec t Ame rica n int erests in foreign lands. He
hPiieves th a t th e ri ch a re di vinely en tru sted with eco nomic and
political power. and th at milita ry po we r should be used with
boldness a nd despa tch. His hon esty and ability a re not
questioned . His party is divided . His ca mpaign fund is
unlimited.
Peace or wa r ?- thi s is the iss ue. Pr~pa redn ess is not th e
i"sue. Prosperit y is not the iss ue.
Hu ghes sta rt s with a n adva nt age . Ta ft a nd Roose velt received about 1.500,000 votes more than Wilson , . but they
\\"e re so div ided th at Wilson won.
Will they unite or will Wil son's sta nd for peace draw
them away from their former affiliations.
Will the Progressives go back to wallow in the mire ? Can
Roosevelt lead them back for his own future political preferment?
The Progressive pa rty is dead. Some will bac kslide to
Hu ghes. Som e will slide over to Wilson·. Many will prog ress
to Socialism.
B
LESSINGS! What are they? Where are they to be
found? Have we not looked lon g enough for them in
the skies ?
If you would find the bl essin gs of this world, then look to
the poor. The heart of nature throbs there. Burns, the Christ
of Scotland, aro se like a mountain out of that social deep. All
the heart-aches a nd joys found there he knew and felt and
was. From this sea of social life come all things- all movements really worth while. The food, the clothing, the houses
a nd palaces and buildings of state, and gold and 'jewels and
costly raiment, pour out in an exhaustless, world-supplying
stream, from their poor lives. There. at the mouth of that
stream, tl'-·~ rich stand and divert it to their own wicked purpose, and point a finger of scorn at the fountain from which
it flowed.
Workers
1916.
Nos.
2
and
3
By Job Harriman
Is it not time that we were learning that human energy is
the fountain from which all blessings flow?
Let this energy be conserved in every human being, from
his cradle to his grave. Take not one jot nor one tittle of
energy from any huma n being, lest you prevent his growth
a nd development and rob yourselves of the social fruits that
would ripen with his greatest possible achievements.
What th e world has ·lost by diverting and wasting this
energy can never be known. What will be gained by its
conservation is beyond our fonde st dream s.
T
HE rich and the poor! How different their points of
view, their lives a nd their ideas ' What a chasm lies between them.
Their camps are hostil e. Their ne ggtiations are always conducted under a flag of truce. They are always preparing
for ~ struggle. Each mistrusts the other. They will not
mingle socially. The one thinks himself better, more intelligent and of finer quality than the other; one looks down
upon the other with contempt, while the other returns the
compliment with hatred .
The one is satisfied with his lot. His home is artistically
and beautifully adorned. His wants are all supplied with
luxuries.
The other is restless a nd rebellious. He has no home and
his wants are met with disappointments.
The one lives without working; the other works without
living. The one dwells in fear and the other in despair.
The one makes the law, is protected by it, and finds h1s
liberty within it. The other has little, if any, voice in it>
making, is caught in its meshes and loses his "liberty in its
operations.
The one owns the means of production; the · other produces all things. The energy of tne one is wasted in luxurious
living and . consumes the energy of the other as a flame
of fi~e.
The one has contempt for the fountain at which he drinks;
the other hates the mouth he feeds.
The one rides in the chariot and lashes the other who draws
it.
The one is a patriot.
The other is a rebel.
What else could they be?
�Eight
The Western Comrade
W
OULD you educate your child'? What do you mean
by education? Would you make him like yourself, or
have you some idol after which you would pattern him? Have
you made up your mind to mold him in th, cast of a preacher.
or a lawyer, or a merchant? Then forget your idea, for
children are not educated with straight jackets. Your child
is already born and in action. He is the man in embryo.
fhe questiOJ{ is not what you can make him, or how you can
.nould him, but how you can develop him.
The child's brain is all ready to unfold. If it is a rose. it
.viii unfold as a rose; but no amount of pedagogic maneuverfilgs can cause it to unfold into a carnation. You may prevent
·t from unfolding, but you cannot change its nature nor SU<.:ressf ully make it what it is not.
.
It is our aim at Llano to surround the child with every
oppo rtunity to enjoy himself by playing in the industries and
:uts, a nd. while h" ts playing. to observe his likes and tendeu~.: ;e ,. and then tempt him to continue in the line of his
strongest impulses. Under ti1is influence, his mind quickly
opens and readily takes the food for which he has a mental
aptitude. Under such influences, the bmin grows, unfold~
a nd matures as naturally as any flower or fruit or any other
living tl-img in nature. The embryo man is permitted and aided to develop into what his whole being desires and in
which he will be happy.
Blessed is the man who is happy in his work, and thrict
{,iessed is he who finds that work in his childhood.
N
OW comes Mary Loy, "secretary of a Socialist local in
California" also protesting that the Socialis~ party has no
connection with the Llano del Rio Colony. Of course not.
\Vho said it had? The time, however, is not far distant when
the Socialist party will be proud of the achievemen_ts of the
Socialist comrades at Llano. We are showing the ;:'.ucialists of
the world how to do, right now, what they say the fut~re
has in store for mankind.
We are blazing the way from a capitalist state to a socialist
society. We are surrounded by caDitalism and are subject to
all its laws. So, also, is each and every socialist. Arguments
do not relieve you of your burdens. Efforts do relieve us.
We are demonstrating to the socialists that ·their theories are
correct. What more can we do? What more can you ask?
We need your help and kindly wishes. If you cannot
give them will you at least refrain from helping our common
enemy? Please do as much as the old negro asked his good
Lord to do as the grizzly bear approached him with his
jaws open and his claws readv for the fray, "Good Lord,"
he said, 'if you can't help me, for de Lords sake don't you
help dat dar bar; and you'll see one ob de goldarnest fights
you eher saw in all yo' life, dat's what you will."
L
lTERATURE is being scattered broadcast, containin~
statements to the effect that Llano is a capitalist prop-·
osition . This is not true The very essence of capitalism
is the wage system, by means of which one makes money out
of the labor of another. This fact, which ·is essential m
capitalism, does not obtain at Llano.
Each stockholder agrees to buy two thousand shares o•
stock, and no more. Ea-:-h person works for . four dollars a.
day. He consumes what is necessary, and • the balance accumulates to his credit. Also, that which he produces, over
and above four dollars, goes to the corporation, in which he:
has an equal share.
It i~ apparent, therefore, th... t all stockholders :1a ve an
equal mcome, with an e<]t:al interest in the surplus product.
This· colony, lor th)s reason, is fundamentally different from
capitalism.
Our ~chools are in line .with our economic views awl the
children will be trained in the industries of the Colony. Their
~duca tion will fit them for a community life, founded upon ft
community interest. From an educational point of view, this
1s the very ai1~ithesis of capitalist schoois.
We are organized as a corporation. The advantages of a
corporation over an association are so numerous that space
\!ill not permit their mention. A few, however, may be men·
tioned. Already, men have come with the intent to destroy
the Colony. Were we an association. we could not get nd of
such men, but as a corporation, there is no difficulty. Were
we an association, anyone desiring, could go into court
ii!ld dissolve the partnership; as a corporation, this cannoi
be done. As an association, it would be almost impossible to
conduct the affairs of a community; as a corporation, there
is no difficulty.
It goes without saying thl'lt w~ are subject to the laws on
taxation, to the criminal laws, to the laws of inheritance, to
the iaws of domestic relations. to the laws on parent and child,
etc., and, for this reason, we are not and cannot be absolutely a socialist colony. Neither can any colony escape
the laws of the country within which the colony is located.
But these laws do not weigh upon us any heavier th'ln they
do upon other peupte outside the Colony. While the advantage of an equal income, an equal interest in the surplus pro·
duct and shorter. hours of labor or increase of wages, to eventually consume the surplus product, will place us on an
entirely different footing .fro!IJ those who are on the outside,
under capitalism.
We feel confident that Lla.w is as near a sol:ialist colony
as can be developed under capitalism.
It is so much better than capitalism that those who have departed are beginni:Jg to regret their act, and some are wishing
that they might return.
W
E are told by a most remarkable book that the ghost of
Cresar still lives and though it has left the plains of
Phillipi, yet it stalks abroad in Russia and Germany; that
it has become, at once, the spirit of the Czar and the Kaiser;
that both these crowns bear the ancient general's name; that
the spirit of this hero of many wars was planted both in Russia
and in Germany, much as one v.-ould plant a potntu, and that,
�The Western Comrade
.fter twenty centuries, it has ripened into this terrible mili•arism, which is robbing Europe of its first born and devastaing the land.
What ·a unique theory! It would have required the imagi"ation of a Dante to have shot farther from the truth.
Germany is, and for many centuries has been, surroUJ~ded
·•n all sides by bitter and powerful enemies. This fact has
, 'eveloped a German "fatherland," a German solidarity, a Ger,,,an military organizaion, military equipment, seige guns,
ht apnel and forts have developed as naturally as the quills
,,j the porcupine or the fangs of the wolf.. These were first
rnea ns of defense a nd then of conquest.
And what of England, where Ccesar's legions also visited?
J, England's navy the ripe fruit of the canoes in which <::cesar's
! roops paddled their way across the Channel?
Or did the navy of England arise out of the fact that pirates
,Ji;turbed her vessels of commerce? And did her commerce
''o' arise out of the fact that England was a n island and that
1he English were forced to put to sea? Did not England's
"" rly colonization policy grow out of her commercial neces, jly) And is her navy not a great winged sea wolf, hoverIf\ over a nd protecting her colonies and her commerce?
Shades of Napoleon a nd of Ccesar. it is time to roll over.
H
APPY is the man who ts inspired by reason and hope ;
but hope without reason is better than reason without
hope.
\ 1 T£
have chosen to locate our Colony in California. because it is the mecca of the homeseeker who has grown
, ick a nd tired of the sweltering summer heat, the winter rains,
, torms, snow and ice of the East. The climate of California
needs neither defender nor advocate.
The variety of fruits and crops grown here tell of the richness and fertility of the soil, while . the water in the nearby
mountains has, with a little labor, converted this country
in to a land of fruit and flowers, milk and honey.
Whoever visits this district is caught in its mighty grip and
he ld by its delightful charm and splendid possibilities.
While alfalfa and grain matures to perfection, yet it is
the home of the almond, the olive, the pear, the cherry, the
· apple, and all deciduous fruits.
There is no place in the world where a great~r variety of
' taple foods grow and mature to perfection, than at Llano;
California.
On this favored spot is arising an ideal city, surrounded
with fields, and orchards, and gardens, all ministering to and
:na king possible a social and economic condition for which
we have so long yearned, and of which we have dreamed.
VY
M
ILITARISM, with all its cruelties, is a child of conflicting economic interests.
By virtue of its superior
power, enemies are overcome ; interests are protected; in' titutions are established; privileges are guaranteed; and the
Nine
means by which such ends are gained are ac.c epted by the
victors as the right means. Whoever successfully wields such
power can no more be persuaded to surrender it than could
the tiger be persuaded to surrender its claws or the adder
its fangs. The difference between mankind and' the beasts ·
and serpents is that one bite and claw 11nd kill ~nd are
silent after their victory; while man •. conscious of his terrible slaughter, throws a cloak of righteousness about the
means of destruction.
If either the Austro-German or the Allies win, their arms
will .be made glorious, and the "righteousness" of militarism
will be established. So far as the victors ' are concerned,
militarism will determine what is right. Whoever questions
this, let him go up against it. If he does not see th~ light, he
will. at least, see stars.
F
OR the most part we travel backward through this
world. We look at the pathway over which we have passed
and think we are looking forward. All our kindred experiences blend and compound each with the other, and become
composite sensations or groups, which constitute our ideas.
Likewise every group relates · itself to every other grotip,
and the ideas thus related constitute one's philosophy of this
world and of life. Those who are deeply impressed by their
experiences are necessarily possessed of definite ideas and of a
more or less positive philosophy. The more positive our
philosophy, the more we seem inclined to consider it a forecast or prophesy, whereas it is but the more vivid reflection .;,.
of the past. The future is and for ever will be a veiled
mystery, a land of speculation. It is in the past and present
that the treasures have been and always will be found. During
the accumulation of our experiences every nerve tingles and
vibrates in response to the infinite variety of scenes and
sounds and influences ever impinging, while the brain absorbs
it all until the day of conscious correlation comes, the curtain
seems to rise and the past is lived over again in the memory
and in the understanding.
How similar is the philosophy of those who travel similar
pathways, and how different from those of different experiences. How uncharitable we are with the brain that has
been carried without fault of its own into other surroundings,
subjected to different influences, resulting in altogether different sensations and correlations. Instead of being impatient because its story differs from our~. we should be
fascinated and delighted to hear the stories and see the pictures that the world has written and painted there.
REJOICE if your enemy deems you a fool; for if it is
true no harm can result; but if it is false you have a great
advantage.
WE are dreamers of dreams and proud to dream. All our
dreams center around our children and their task which will
come to them in this wonderful Llano.
�J
Ten
A Trip Over The Llan·Os, a.
A
N idea was just handed to me to han& this month's ranch
story on. It was suggested that we describe the ranch
· activities by taking you with us over the place, on
what is known as the. loop route. Suppose we load up the
auto with an interested crowd of people and start from the
hotel after breakfast.
We are on our way and, whirling through the big gate.
we turn to the left and pass with a whiz by the industrial
building, and on the right lie. 65 acres of alfalfa.. Immediately
a cool breeze strikes us, and the eye is restea with the undulating motion of green. To the left is part of Llano town.
built since last August. A year ago the plate where now
stand dozens of tents, substantial adcbe structUres and pretty
wooden houses, was a corn field. This is pointed out and explained to show how time and labor has wrought changes, and
it always proves of interest.
The nursery to the left next comes in view. and the auto
is slowed down a bit while the varieties of. berries, trees,
grapes and other things being experimented with and grown
by horticulturist Dawson are shown and explained. Beyond the
nursery can be seen 35 acres of newly planted pears, and
between the symmetrical green rows straight furrows of beans,
waving in the morning air, give a pleasing tone to the scene.
To the north just a little way from the orchard are ten acres
of green Soudan grass which is growing finely. This will
be used for ensilage and help as a soil builder. Further to the
north the fine 4-year old pear orchard, containing 40 acres,
always elicits pleased expressions and it is explained that it
was not allowed to bear this year but that next year a considerable crop will be grown.
We now cross a little bridge over the rapid stream
K. wi .tliams
rushing to the north. The big 150 by 40 reet 'COW barn :smn ;
right in the road apparently. By its side looms up the 3 i)
ton silo. In front of the silo the auto halt.s and \\fe all g<t
out and go into the cool barn and look at the neat arran&•·
ment for the care of the dairy herd. Contented cows to th\.
nurnber of 65 or 70 at the present time milking, having theil
heads through stanchions, eating with much relish the alfall.,
from the mangers. The place is shadowy and cool.
Back of the barn is a concrete tank to hold the refuse,
which is carted to the fields to enrich the ground. A round
concrete drinking fountain constantly full of fresh runnin ~
water awaits the thirsty animal. · The cattle may drink
around the circle and never touch horns with opposite neighbors. The circular drinking fountain is a success.
The silo, made of 8-inch cement blocks, is banded together
by strong iron bands which prevent swelling or bursting •..,£ the
,ides from the t.remendous pressure wrought when the en·
~ilage is fermenting within. It is explained that crops are now
being grown with which to fill for winter feed. The safP.st
and best feed known made in the silo.
Visitors always remark on the number of fly traps about
the ranch. These are place.d about the barn and elsewhere.
Now we will cross over to the pig pens. There is nothing
particularly romantic about this part of the ranch; nor have
the pork family palatial house~; visitors are chiefly interested
in the swine themselves. Above the feeding place are several
fields of alfalfa, and it is a pretty sight to see the rounded
backs and broad ~nou lders of several hundred hogs as they
graze in the succulent feed.
Veterinary Dr. Capron and john Will will explain the dil·
fercnce between the Duroc-Jersey and the Berkshire and thl'
Partly Oeared llano lands-Site for New City
�The Western Comrade
oland China, and expatiate at considerable length on hog
,,smg much to the edification otnd enjoyment of those in the
; •rty. Very frequently we have hog raisers with us, and they
, r course, are intensely interested and from them Dr. Capron
.ad Mr. Will have received many suggestions and told ol
. ·teresting experiments. The -hog ·family is constantly grow. 1g, and it is the aim of those in charge of this department
· ' keep it up to standard, increasing it with the finest stock.
Now we will· go back to the auto and 'whirl over to
\tanager Kilmer's rabbit department. People generally, and
···pecially the children, like to see the cunning little rabbits
1 here seems to be an irresistible desire on the part of most
p~ople to stick their fingers into the tender sides or tickle
,:,e pink noses of the baby rabbits.
In the hutches are to be found mothers with litters of
'· vung to the number of several hundred. In the rest houses
, onstrucred of adobe, rabbits, seemingly in myriads, lie· on
1he floor resting and breathing as fast as their little ribs will
H them. At the present time in the hutches, runs and adobe
houses are more than two thousand rabbits. Manager Kilmer
will increase the number of hutches, increase the number of
does to probably 800 or 1000 and from this increased number
expects confidently to ~et a supply of rabbits that will go a
long way toward solving the meat problem of the Colony.
In addition to the meat supply furnished by the rabbits,
rhe hides are taken and tanned and then made into several
'" eful articles. The rug department has made several style,
, f ra bbit rugs a nd automobile r~bes. It is said by those who
""rlerstand this sort of work that the usefulness of the rabbit
hide is extensive. They can be used for hats, caps, gloves.
1rimmings, leggings, robes, rugs, etc. When tanned to softness
ilw ~ur is delightful to handle.
The chicken department is next on the route. However. al
JHesent time the odd 900 chickens are being moved to a new
lnration in the pear orcha rd east of the town. Nevertheless.
"·c will go through the houses and have a look at the up-todate arrangement for the care of chickens. There are tw<'
houses with a connecting cover between thein. Each house is
nO feet long divided in ten-feet sections and a long window
' uns the full len ~th of the house on the eastern exposure.
l'i1e roosts being on the western side are protected from
"ortheast winds by the partitions. A row of nests along thP.
front of the house are so arranged that ·the five feet sectin[l<
'an be taken down and readily cleaned. ·
.
In the center of the house is an alcove in which are thre,.
fountains constantly dripping. Dozens of chickens crowd thi•
place to keep cool and que.nch their thirst. Two small door•
permit of egress and ingress through the alcove. The feeding
!roughs are fastened to the partitions and filled with drv
•nash of an approved formula and fixed by two inch mesh
wires which permit the heads of the chickens to go into th,.
feed box. Waste is thus eliminated. The prison house for
broody chickens is shown · consisting of a wire cage with
roosts. Broody hens are sentenced for 48 hours to water
.md green food, and at the end of that time . the incubation
heat of the breast has been reduced to normal, and they are
(eleased and soon go back to the sensible thing of lavin~t
Eleven
1
1
·..:ggs.
We will now drive three-quarters of a mile to the Goodwin
1anch, where is located the Montesorri school, the second free
\1ontesorri in the state and much the largest in the west.
! his school was established by· Mrs. Prudence Stokes Brown,
• pupil of the famous ·Dr. Montesorri, now in Spain installing
·!,er system .of child culture for a three-quarter million dollar
ree. 'Betw(.en forty and sixty children, ranging from 2Yz to 6
years attend this school daily, which is presided over by Mrs.
Montesorri Tois Learn Housekeeping
Masteller, Mrs. Wilhide, Mrs. Buxton, Mrs. Todd and Mrs.
Whitzel. · Mrs. Brown is now on vacation in San Diego.
The children are carried to the schools in automobiles, and
the morning and evening rides start and end the ..day for the
little tots nicely.
It would take more space than this magazine has at its .
disposal to tell of the things the Montessori system does for
t.he child.. It is admittedly the best system· -o f child culture
known. They lea rn reading, writing, deportment, domestic
a rts; they learn to dress themselves and in fact learn by
example to be perfect ljttle ladies and gentlemen without being
conscious of having been taught. They live the thing and
learn by c;liscovery. Opportunity is given fnr individual expression and it is astonishing to see how the children unfold and grow. Little ones of 4 a nd 5 are frequently more
advanced in general practical. knowledge of life than grade
schola rs in a verage schools. There is no doubt of the utility
of the Montesorri system and there is aTso no doubt that the
present exponents now engaged in it~ teaching here are amply.
able to carry out the important
given to the educational
world by Dr. Montesorri.
·
We honestly consider that thd f lities offered the children
for growth and un foldment shou d make it incumbent upon
every mother and father to make ev.e ry effort to place their
children in such an environment where love, co-operation
and mutual help are living, pulsing things.
·
The school is growing and from time to time additional
space will have to be added.
Back of the Montesorri school is the colony tomato patch.
A ten or twelve acre space i; fil!ed with thriving tomatOes,
and everything points to a supply that will more than ca_rry
the colony over the winter without importing a can. several
acres of sweet potatoes join the tomato patch to the north.
Sweet potatoes grow wonderfully well 'in the soils at Llano.
Having been interested visitors to the school and )~ked
over the green fields thereabouts, we will ride up a quarter of
a mile. and see what the children are doing at the Sierra Madre
colony. This colony is under the management of George T.
Pickett and Mrs. Pickett, and embraces the school proper of
Llano. Here are worked out industrially the problems of life
and when the child, above the age of six, is finished in this
school he will be able to take his proper place in the world
1:
�Twelve
The Western Comrade
without having to discard a lot of rubbish accumulated from
misleading histories, text books, etc.
Feeling that the educational system generally is wrong and
teaches things that work to the detriment of the human race a
new and better one has been adopted. The school ro~m
usually a prison house for young minds and bodies, will be
used more for reference .and reading rooms than aught else.
The problems in calculation will be taught in the open by
actual contact with concrete things. The problem of how
much profit Smith makes from a cow will be eliminated.
It would take too long to explain how things are to be
brought before the minds of the children, but suffice to say
that music, art , literature, history, civics, surveying, language,
domestic science, farm problems. cultivating, plowing, planting. irrigating, building. etc .. will be taught naturally and by
actual practice.
. Here are some of the teachers engaged in the .~ork of helpmg the children to expand: C. W . Hunlon, J. ]. Banbury, Miss
Geister, Oli ver Zornes, Wesley Zornes, Miss Gladys Zornes,
Miss Millt'r. Mrs Williams. Miss Austin, Mrs. George T.
P1ckett. Mrs. Fox and Mrs. Banbury. Mr. West in the masonry
and construction department. Botany, biology elocution, modeling, etc., are among the thin gs to he taught. More teachers
will be added from time to time.
The children have plowed and planted and grown vegetables
thil t supply their tables; they have constructed brooder houses,
fe nces. ditches, etc. , a re taking care of goat;, chickens, horses.
rabbits. and other animals. They a re planning, building and
wo rknH~ ha rd to have here one of the greatest schools in the
country. where the boy and gi rl can get a practical educa tion
that will be of real use a nd last as long as life.
It is ha rd to break away from the Sierra Madre colony
for here IS always so much to say and to see, for the citizen
of the future can be pictured here. However. we will get
into the car and ta ke you on over the loop.
.
To the right is the old Tighlman place. now the property
of the colony, which soon will be headqua rters for many men
who work on the eighty-acre garden close by. ·It is a nice
place, and the gardens under Knobbs, Newmalt and others
sh~w up nicely and never fail to receive the a pprova l of the
VISitOr.
Turning to the left after crossing the Tighlman ditch, we
go to the sawmill, which is almost ready to cut the huge logs
for th_e future needs of Llano. The mill has a 30,000 feet
capac1ty and can be gotten ready to saw within a few
days.
·
We retrace our steps and come back to the townsite where
twenty foundations have been dug and some filled with stone
ready for _houses. _The . townsite is a mile square and the city
1s to be _c~rcular w1th SIX great avenues leading to the center
where ~1ll ?e the great buildings contributing to the business
and soc1al hfe of the future city. It takes an architect to explain_the beauties of the architecture and draw the proper sort
of p1cture, but the view to be had from the townsite is inspiring. The great Antelope valley lies like a wavering checker
board at your f~et, and in the distant haze the Tehachapi
mountams hang hke clouds. Miss Austin, the designer and Mr.
Angell, the arch1tect. arc busy at work now working out the
elevations. 6tc.
Turning to the left a t the center of the townsite we continue
onward to the lime kiln in Bob's Gap, two miles beyond, a nd
at an elev~tion of considerably more than 3,700 feet. A great
ledge of hme rock extends to unknown depth and for miles
t~ the east and west. There is a lime kiln there and when run ..
n_mg full blast, thirty or more barrels can b.-. turned out dailv.
Experts say the lime is the best that can be procured. A
grilnite house affords a place of refuge from the weather
and the force there arc accommodated with mejlls and otherwise made comfortable by j. ]. Leslie. The lime production is
now under the ch? rge of Mr. Stevens.
· Leading to the left from the kiln is the log road to jackson's
Lake where the timber is to be procured. However, we will
take _the right road ~nd continue on. Through rugged scenery
we nse to an elevahon of nearly 5000 feet and look off in the
distance to the west and see the basin of the Big Rock, where
the colony intends impounding a tremendous quantity of
water. Lying on the hillside is the beautiful Valyermo ranch.
where the finest fruit in the valley is grown. To the left
lies the_ Shoemaker ranch, surrounded by trees and green alfalfa fields. Descending the winding hill we cross the Big
Rock Creek rushing -madly down toward the colony and after
crossing its limpid wa ters we enter a delightfully cool nook
and travel for quite a distance in the delicious shade of the
trees.
The next point of interest is the dam site proper. We stop
here and ascend the cut where the dam is to be made. After
a strenuous climb of 300 feet and after regaining our breath.
we point out the Big Rock, a bald monument of solid stone
with a hole in the center, called the Devil's Punch Bowl.
Lying below is the actual basin of the Big Rock. By damming
up the narrow neck, less than 300 feet across to a height
of II 0 feet , thousands of acre feet of water can be conserved. A magnificent view can be had from this elevation .
There is no . t_n:'uble in convincing the most skeptical of the
water poss1b1hhes of Llano when the dam site is shown and
the rushing creek below is seen.
The portal o( the tunnel is now visited on the way back
to the colony. Here the water, never changing winter and
summer. rushes out o f a tunnel three-qua rters of a mile
in length. This wor k was done years ago by early settlers
fo r the purpose, it is said , of reaching bedrock and thus
conserving the known supply that lies on it. It was never
commercially utilized . and is now one o f the possessions of the
colony. This is idea l water for domestic purposes and will be
used for _tha t. At present it is mixing with the regular stream
of the B1g Rock and comes to the colony in ditches. After
taking a huge drink and fillin g our ca nteens we again get into
the a uto and cross over th~ rough, stony wash of the Big
Rock, wh1ch 111 wmter lime_ 1s a raging torrent, and pass the
upper mtake and then begm to ascend a forty rod, winding
htll road. At the top a n inspiring panorama spreads before
one like a great rem lving cylinder. To the west, north and
east, mile upon mile, and losing themselves in dissolving
dtstances, ghmmer n:ountains, fields, buttes and plains, while
below the tented c :ty of the Llano glimmers in the sunlight.
Giving a push to the gas throttle we hurry over the hard roads
back to the hotel, w::ere dinner awaits, twenty-five miles left
behind and a new impression created on the minds of the
yearners after industrial freedom .
The Price Of The Western Comrade Will Be 50c a Year
Inc rease in prices of all materials used in gelling out THE WESTERN
COMRADE has made i,, necessary lo discontinue lhe low clubbing rate
of Z5c a year. Henccforlh. the subscription price will be 50c a year.
no. maltcr what the number of subscriptions sent in .
. .'bose . who have read lhe COMRADE during lhe last year know lhal
11 IS eastly worlh a dollar a year. compared wilh other magazines.
But
because we now have our own p rinting plan! equipped with the latesl
lnlertype machmc mad~. and with a cylinder press that does fasl work.
lhe low price of 50c a yea r can be made.
'lbe LLANO COLONIST will soon be in lhe mail. and every interesled
reader of the COMRADE will also wanl it. Those. who renew now and
subscnbe for the COLONIST a l the same time will receive both publicalions
for 75c a year. The regular pnce of the COLONIST is 50c.
�Thirteen
The Western Comrade
On" Year Later- Land Similar To That Shown on Page 10
Llano Bean Culture
T
HE bean is grown in widely different cl imates. It grows
in the cold climates of New England and equally well
in the sub-tropical climate of Florid a . Its ability to
procluce well in widely different climates and soils has given
the bean a place of econom!c importance in the United States.
In many states it has become as much a staple crop as wheat
was a quarter of century ago.
In food value the bean i~ classed with meat, according
to the United States department of Agriculture, (bulletin No-.
12 1, page 37, table No. 3 ) reckoned in energy to the body.
I he bean has more tha n twice the value of meat.
Its chief value. howe ver. lies in its importa nce as a green
1:1:11lUre crop.
We have planted this year thirty acres of field beans as a
cove r c rop in our orchards. In this way we are producing a
\ aluable food a nd increasing the fe rtility of our soil~ a t the
':~ m e time.
In selecting the soil best adopted to the culture of the bean,
"·e took into consideration the chemical elements necessary for
the production of plant food. Upon in vestigation we found
tha t its culture was most successful on glaciated soils, which
r ontains the elements of potash, lime and phosphoric acid
111 large quantities. Our soil contains these elements in
.1bundance. Our next consideration was its physical condition
(the arrangement of the soil particles), which in a large
measure determines the availability of food found in the
, oil to the plant. A close compact so] is undesirable, as is
1s a too loose and porous condition . In' the first case the
I ree circulation of the air and the proper root development of
1he plant is hindered; while a porous condition prevents the
1etention of the soil moisture because of the ·free circulat:on of
.~ ir through it. which accelera tes moisture c·;aporation.
By
Wesley
Zornes
A medium between these two extremes was fo und in our
soils, which is a mixture of sand, silt and clay. The sand
a nd silt acting as a loosening medium ; the clay as a water
retainer.
The soil was plowed from five to six inches deep, after
which it was leveled and pulverized w.h drag harrow.
The seeds were then drilled in ro'ws thirty inches wide
and from four to five inches in the drills.
By the observation of the proper moisture contents of the
soil for successful ge rmination, and by testing o f the seeds
before planting we were able to boast a perfect stand.
Where this legume has been cultivated we have noticed
a marked increase in the growth of our young trees. This
may be due to the intensive cultiva tion required for the bean .
Our experience does not carry out this conclusion ,however.
We cultivated two orchard tracts of similar soils, one with a
bean c rop, the other devoid of crops, each. receiving the same
ca re. Although the growing season is not over, the trees in
the bean cultured soil have made a much better growth.
The experiment sho~s that the increa6e in growth is not due
to special care, but it is due to the fact that bea ns are great
nitrogen producers {an element necessa ry to pla nts not in the
pea family, which includes peas, bea ns, vetches, clover and
alfalfa). By the a id of microscopic plants (bacteria) which
grow in small nodules on the root of the bean or legume, the
plants are able to use the free nitro~en of the air which is converted into nitrates by these bacteria, which in a soluble
condition becomes plant food. When these nodules decay in
the soil the nitrates a re left in the soil which may be used by
plants not able to produce their own nitrates. To this we attribute the inc reased growth of our trees.
Food, in order to be used by the plant, must be in a
�Fourteen
The W e stern Comr a ele
soluble condition. We therefore must have .a sufficient mois-ture content in the soils to make the plant food -available. This is accomplished by a system of irrigation.
The soil moistu~:e is kept as near constant as is possible.
Water is not applied frequently nor in large amounts, the
length of time between irrigation varying with the weather
and soil. The average period is every twenty days. A large '
amount of water causes the soluble plant food to become
saturated with water, making it too thin. The plant in this
way must assimilate large quantities of the plant water in
order to get the desired quantity of food necessary to life
and drowns itself. On the other hand, if the soil is depleted
of moisture there is no medium to make the food soluble, and
the plant starves to death. In both of these cases the leaves
of the bean plant turn yellow. So the condition of the plant
is not a reliable criterion of the time in which to apply
the water. We take into consideration both the soil and
plant condition. It is a misconception that witer should be
applied wlien the leaves turn yellow, for it may be due to
the application of water too frequently or in too large quantities.
A large flow of water causes the surface soil particles to
cohere in this condition and the soil becomes impervious to
both air and water, and the user defeats the purpose for
which he uses the water. A small stream of wa:ter perco!ates
slowly downward between the soil particles and the impenecrable condition of the surface soil is not reached so soon,
allowing a greater length of time for the moisture to go outward and downward. These facts have been demonstrated by
actual experiment and the irrigation system is managed so
that we may use a very small quantity of water on a large
tract of land, which averages a quarter of an inch steddy
flow to the acre. One man has taken care of five acres all
under water at the same time. lrrigation"is carried on at night
as well as in the day time; the water has been left running
twelve hours at a time without care or attention.
After the application of water the soil particles solidify and
in this condition becomes so dense as to hinder the circulation
of air through the soil and root growth, with disastrous
results to the plant. This is prevented by the cultivation of
the soil, which breaks up the soil particles allowing the free
circulation of air which accelerates chemical changes resulting
in plant food compounds. As the bean is able to convert
nitrogen into nitrates by bacteria action, and as nitrogen is
an element that composes four fifths of the atmosphere, we
further see the need of the free circulation of air through the
soil. With th~ circulation of air through the soil evaporation of the soil moisture takes place more rapidly and the
soil dries as deeply as it is stirred or cultivated. This serves
as a blanket or mulch for the subsoil and prevents to a large
extent evaporation from the subsoil. In this way the water
is conserved beneath this mulch and with the greater reten-
The Mystery of Death
By GEORGE MAURICIO
We know not what it is dear.
This sleep so deep and · still,
The folded hands, the awful calm,
The cheek so pale and chill;
The lids that will not lift again,
Though we may call and call ;
The strange, white solitude of peace
That settles ove.r all.
We know not what it means, dear,
This desolate heart-pain,
This dread to take our daily way
And walk in it again;
We know not to what other sphere
The loved who leave us go,
Nor whv we're left to wonder still.
Nor why we do not know.
But this we know, our loved and dead,
If they should come this day,
Should come and ask us, "What is life?"
Not one of us could say.
Life is a mystery as deep
As ever death can be ;
Yet, oh, how sweet it is to u ·,
This life we live and see!
Then might they ·say- these va nished one..And powerful is the thought
That "Death is sweet to us, bdoved .
Though we may tell you naught;
We may not tell it to the quick·This mystery of death ;
Ye may not tell us if ye would,
The mystery of breath."
The child who ·enters life comes
Not with knowledge or intent.
So they who enter death
Must go as little children sent.
tion of soil moisture greater tracts of land may be cultivated.
The plants are irrigated up until the time of maturity.
They may be grown with three irrigations.
From day to day, we are moving forward and the agriculture possibilities are increased as we increase. , Never before
in the history of Llano have the prospects been brighter for
an abundant harvest.
KEEP INFORMED ABO UT LLANO
These are the only publications which will
bring you authentic information about the
greatest co-operative enterprise in the world.
They will occupy distinctive fields. Send
us your subscription at once for both of
them.
THE WESTERN COMRADE SOc a
Year
TH~
Year
LLANO
COLONIST
SOc
BOTH to one address for One Year for
a
75c
�Tbe Western Comrade
Ne" ly Completed lndustriai Building Which Houses the Pftnting Plant.
Llano Has Own Printing Plant
THE
new print shop, latest addition to the industries at Llano, is well equipped, modern and complete. Housed with
other industries in the new industrial building, it is now in daily operation. This number of THE WESTERN COMRADE
"'•~ printed at Llano. As soon as possible the LLANO COLOLIST, the new weekly newspaper, will be issued. There· are
r •HY small jobs for the Llano del Rio Colony to be printed.
An effort is already being made to obtain outside printins. .
The lntertype machine shown in-the lower picture is the
"'o~t up-to-date style. The cylinder press is fast and does
,,,od work. Other machines in the shop are in new models.
I ew cities of the size of Llano can boast of such modern
<'quipment. That it will shortly outgrow its present quarters
r· al ready apparent.
With the establishment of the new print shop, printecl
rnatler of all kinds can be put out at a great saving in
<OSl, and the Colony will be independent of all outside inrl uences. It will be operated as a union shop; the right to
,,,e the label has been granted.
Llano Offers Aid to
"Social Democrat"
Information comes to this office that the "California Social Democrat" is in peril and has snspended publication.
Uano now has a. new linotype machine and a
plendid printing press-. Being ·anxious to do our
part in the political struggle and to assist the party
in its hour of need we make the following proposition:
We will print the "Social Democrat'' at the same
price for which it has previously been. printed
and will donate the party one half of this price.
We will not lo e mo ey by doing this.
We make this propositon:
Fin , to aAist the mo•eme t.
Sec:o d. to sit w to the party that the priaciples
of co-operation that is S~alism, are correct.
Setting lip TilE
WEsn:mf ~
on
the Iit~e~ame
M.d.me.
�Sixteen
The Western Comrade
Llano Manana
First of all, comrade reader of this department,
give you a little lesson in crude Spanish. Uano
plain>. Llano del Rio means plains of the river.
nounce it as if •pelted Yahno dell Reeo. Manana
tomorrow; pronounce it Man-yahna.
Hence
Manann"- The Llano of Tomorrow.
T
let us
means
Promeans
"Llano
HIS department will be devoted to predictions for the
future. We of the Llano Community are not afraid
to dream because we have dreamed and made our
dreams come true. It was all .1 c.lream at first.' Much of it
is very real now.
We started with a dream of fertile acres ~overed with
orchards and crops. We looked out over the expanse of
greasewood and chaparral and in the vision that came, the
dry plain melted from view and instead we saw vast fields of
green alfalfa- -it was a dream then. We made that dream
come true. Under the iron wheels of the tractors and the
sturdy stroke of the workers the dry plains where jackrabbit
and coyote ranged have been transformed into green fields.
Arid acres now are flooded with mountain waters and green
fre shness is everywhere. The dream came true. We looked
a t our two milk cow' sta nding benei'lth the shade of the cottonwoods and dreamed of a dairy herd which should grow and
grow and furnish products for all our people who were to
come. Now we see a splendid herd on our pastures and one
hundred more on the ranges. We see the big stone dairy barn
i'l nd the giant silo beside it. It was first a vision, then a reality.
We dreamed it and the dream came true- WE MADE IT come
true. We saw our four hl)rses making poor headway in the;
a ll but hopeless task and we dreamed of teams and lruch
and tractors. Now forty sturdy teams, two tractors, thret
trucks and several automobiles have reinforced old Major
and his three companions, Dolly. Dick and Maud. Our dream
came true.
We saw our few short ditches with great seep~e loss from
earthen sides and bottoms and we dreamed of permanent
waterways. Now we have fifteen miles of rebuilt ditches, all
of which will be cobbled and lined and made le<.k-proof and
permanent in another year. Our dream is coming true.
Sixteen children gathered at our first school. One teacher
with inadequate housing, almost no equipment, few books, but
" strong heart, assumed the task. She is still at work. She
has been joined by nine other teachers. There was our greatest dream. It took us on and up beyond all achievement.
fo the immortal years belongs that dream . It takes us
on and on, up and up to our Parnassus! Sixteen children
have been joined by 200 more. Our little ones start ·to the
-Nonderful Montessori Casa di Bambina (House of the Children) at the age of two and a half. This system will be extended at;d eventually will go on and on through the entire
educational system. Our grammar schools graduate larger
classes each year. Our high school grows apace. Our vocational schools take form and will evolve from that remarkable
department- the junior Colony, which has made such a startling showing in a few months. Here our dreams grow and
grow. They embrace a great university. Here the scope is
boundless. but it will be our care and the care of those who
follow us that new dreams come as fast as old ones come true.
Over the washtub our women (and our men) dreamed of :t
steam laundry and a day of the ending of that drudgery. That
dream was fulfilled.
By
Frank E.
Wolfe
We canned fruit by hand and wondered when our modern
cannery would come. It is here, and will soon be putting up
vast quantities of fruit and vegetables with scientific machinery.
We had a lonely blacksmith with a few tools. A big machine
shop equipped with modern appliances and several forges, is
the outgrowth of visions there.
Our first commissary building was eight feet square. Some
of the present residents at Llano will smile. We dreamed
of a modern store. It grows, and the fulfillment will come in
completion when the new city is •finished.
When lumber was in such demand, we puzzled over the
problt>m that seemed as knotty as the lumber for which we
paid high prices. The dream seemec;l far away. Now the
forest rings with the laughh!r of our strong men who lay
their keen bladed axes to the great trees. Other crews will
haul the timber down to the llano helow, where our big new
~aw mill and planing and finishin? mills will convert the
magnificent white and yellow pines into material for our
homes in the new city just taking form . That was some
dream. comrades, some drearn. but it is rapidly coming true.
A man came to us who saw our housing. He was a dreamer
with corns on his palms. Little time he lost in dreaming.
Action was his middle name. His parents called him Chancellor. We called him a cyclone. He started brick making.
Some said it couldn't be done. He didn't answer in words.
he simply did it. It was evolution at work. We dreamed
of our new city. It's a big dream- probably our next biggest.
It is taking form. Land set aside, surveyed, staked and the
vision develops. A great lime kiln roars and sends its ruddy
glow against the night sky. A score of men eagerly hurry
to keep pace with the whirring machines in the brick yard.
Here beneath the hands of the workers on their own soil we
find the material for our great city. An architect who is an
artist and dreamer daily makes these dreams come true in
wonderful drawings and plans for the homes in this new
dream city. Others are hauling rock, while other crews are
laying foundations and all this great work moves forward,
slowly it seems at times, hut always towards the day of fulfillment of this dream.
We dream of a mighty dam thrown across the mouth of our
great canyon. Every day's progress in development of land.
in clearing, in planting, in extensive irrigation, in more comfortable housing, brings us nearer to the fulfillment of our
great dream of conservation which will enable us to put many
more thousands of acres beneath the ditch and under cultivation.
We dream of a great hydro-electric system, where the water
will be borne hundreds of feet down the mountain-side, forming and generating our electricity which will greatly facilitate
the handling of our machinery and remove almost all th~
drudgery from domestic life. We dream of great pump:ng
plants run by this power and of the day when we shall laugh
at the ancient and untrue saying that we cannot grind with
water once run through the mill.
We dreamed of vast orchards where juniper and joshua
trees held sway. Now our nurseryman counts his trees in the
thousands and our orchards spread over hundreds of acres.
Our dream of gardens, of fruit, of honey, of milk and meal
and food of our own making has been fulfilled. We made
those dreams come true.
(Continued on Bollom Page 17)
�The Western Comrade
Seventeen
ARTS AND MUSIC
U
An
Art Vocation
NDER what circumstances should a boy or girl be en- · of masses and classes alike; that is, in so far as both masses
a nd classes are governed by the desire for possessions, instead
couraged to devote his or her life to art?
Many so-called practical people go through the world of the will to !ive abundantly a nd fruitfully.
If he and the community escape this danger there is another
hlind to the wonder and beauty of the manifestations which
>urround them. The frantic ~truggle for life which is the equally grave peril. He is launched on the study of art. His
condition under which most of us live leaves no time for re- first training, if he is away from any of the great art centers,
flection atid observation. The unused faculties atrophy, and •viii be .almost wholly bad. It will take htm years to overcome
the victim of this stultified mentality spend s the remainder of the disastrous habits acquired from incompetent teachers.
his life boasting of his common-sense: " o nonsense about Eventually he will realiz.e the necessity of going to some large
school. There he will become imbued with the idea of art
him; he is a plain working man or business man."
for art's sake, and the dream of success, o P bursting on the
But his child, perhaps, has stronger perceptions that will
not down , and possibly the father's sacrifice brin~s thP. child world with some masterpiece.
1ow there is just about as much chahce of this as there
,orne leisure. He sees, first the splendor of the sunsets, later
as his senses are trained, the delicate grays and browns in the , i of becoming president of the United S tates.
It happens; but if, say ten thousand men (there are probabhaz.e and twilight, and the opalescence of late afternoon by
the wide sweep of the ocean. The infinite variety and beauty ly that many art students in our country) started to train for
of the mere outlines of things, and the laws that govern line the presidency a nd refused to consider any transitional occupadraw his mind on to incessant study. He begins to try to tion while waiting for the opportunity, the general public
1cproduce these things; perhaps he becomes ambitious a nd 1\'0uld consider this a greal waste of energy and raw material.
11ndertakes to portray life.
Yet that is the situa tion of the great mass of art students.
It is generally at this point tha t his doom is sealed. He They are focu ssing all their powers on the one task of pronw kes some more or less striking sketches. The family and ducing something really great, and only one or two of them
neighbors wonder, and he is confron ted by two dangers. The in a decade reach the goal of their endeavor. For the rest of
-tern a nd practical father may order him to the store or fac- there i no middle course. They fail lamentably, miserably,
tory . a nd crush out the spark of vision. When this occurs and bring their great vocation into discredit and contempt.
11 is a real disaster to the c'ommunity. Rather give him
(.'\ second article will show how all this wasted pow.,
·'" opportunity to draw the veil aside which clouds the sight ,
can be worked over inlo joyful accomplishment).
deadens the perceptions and na rrows and brutalizes the lives
,...----------------------------~===--~--~--===~=-------·
Llano Pear Orchard Makts Wonderful Growth- In Bearing Next Yc•r
LLANO MANANA (continued from page 16)
Other dreams are born, and sometimes slowly and silently
they take form and come forth. Our aream of a cannery.
of rug making and carpet weaving, of making and handling
our own fibres and fabrics has taken form. the looms turning
ou< beautiful finished products, and so it goes.
Of such stuff dreams are made. Of such dreams reality
comeh. When they call us dreamers, we laugh. The answer
to the sneer of the envious is our achievement in two brief
years.
Lla no Manana-the Llano of T om~rrow. Who shall limit
its possibilities? Who now can say it can't be done? To
our comrades who are dreamers of dreams and doers of things,
the jeers tha t were heard in days gone by are to be forgotten.
�Eighteen
The Western Comrade
Blood and Iron
T
/
HE rain had poured down incessantly for two days.
black. The hills were a dark grayish brown. All
The vaulted heaven was a mass of lowering ominous
signs of life were gone save where far below the river Marne
sparkled and danced on its way to the sea.
T he lean-to in which our patrol was located had served its
pu rpose well. but the steady down-pour o f rain was gradually
filling the trenches :.1nd every now and then you could hear
' Plashes as a part of the bank would cave in. For a week
we had lived here. high up on the side of the mountain. Our
duty w:~s to wait. wait. "'ait. till the man higher up would
'ay to wait no longer What we were there fot other than
waiti ng, we knew not. Our duty was but to o!>ey and die.
Long since we had stopped paying a ttention to"the bursting
,hell a nd shrieking shrapnel; the pounding of the heaYy ordll<lnce had become but one continuous monotonous mumble
and no longe r meant death, destruction, blood and carnage to
us. The roar of the military machines as they shot with their
glaring lights through the night had become a ma tter of fact.
This night we hild illl ga thered il rotmd our little fire which
we had kept cilrcfully concealed in our half-cave, half-house
quarter,. There was Osca r, a fat, little, pompous, genial redfaced pe rso nage. such as you could find any day in a New
York cafe. fe stooned by chains of sausages, a nd barricadea
with piles of pumpernickel and harrcls of sauerkraut. When
he spoke lm \oicc was shrill and sq ueaky, but he felt deeply
of the hig th in;:;s of life a nd was always pondering. This
night of all. he was more philosophical tha n ever before .
Fran£ was a wrinkled, leather-faced, placidly quiet spirit
, uch as you might find huried in some musty archive of arch;cology. f"ra nz looked up from the fire where his sparkling
eyes had been ponderin g. a nd gazed absently at Oscar.
"Where d id you work before the war?" said Franz. "I
worked in the !ron rnill s." "What did you work for?" "Why.
you fool. I worked so I could cat and en joy life." "How long
did you work?" "All my life." "Did you ever enjoy your'clf?" " No." "Did you ever gel enough to eat?" "No."
"Who owned the mill in which you worked?" "Krupp."
"What did he do with the iron you milled?" "He made it into
guns for the government." "What did the government want
wit h gun s?" "They wa nt them to protect the nation, of
course." "What did Krupp want of guns?" "To sell, I pre>ume." "Why doesn't the government give some of her guns
to the allies?" " Say. do you think the government is composed of idiots like you ?" "Well, why does Krupp receive a
royalty upon every shell fired upon us by the allies I" "That
i business. He has a right to trade for profit." "Say, what
did Krupp do with all tha t iron?" "He made most of it into
bullets a nd guns." "You mean by 'he' the great class of
workers like yourself did it. don't you?" "Yes." "The
e:overnment had some of that iron made into iron crosses,
did it not?" "Yes." "You mean you laborers made crosses
for the govemment, and shells and guns for Krupp, that
you might eat a nd enjoy life?" "Yes, I guess tha t's it." "What
did the government do with the crosses?" "It gave the
crosses to those who were injured and died in battle as a
sign of appreciation upon the part of the government for
the bravery and fidelity of her subjects." "The government
of ourse. buy the iron for its crosses from Krupp?" "Yes."
"It buys its bullets and guns from Krupp?"' "Yes." "Say,
you said some while back that the government got guns to
protect the nation?" "Yes, I think so." "What are you
By
Gray Harriman
fighting here today for?" "For the fatherland, of course."
"Then· in reality_you are fighting to protect the government.
not the government to protect you?" "Yes, I guess that's it."
"You say that you work that you may eat and enjoy life,
yet ycu have never eno;;"gh to eat, and no time to enjoy life,
have you?" " o, not yet." "You fight to protect tht>
government so that the government can protect you, so that
you can make guns and crosses and starve." " I guess that's
about it." 'Then you are given crosses so that you will
place yourself up as a large!?
Before he had time to answer a shell burst overhead
and when the smoke cleared Oscar and Franz were a bloody
mass of quivering flesh. The officer of the patrol came along.
He took out of his pocket two crosses a nd pinned them upon
the breasts of our two friends. They were carried away by
four orderlies, and a little farther down the line we saw their
bodies . dropped in a hole which by this time was almost full
of water. Dirt was immediately thrown in and the hole
became a bog of oozing mud. Thus Bismarck's policy of
blood and iron goes on.
-one centa week
is cheaper than you could write to Lla no and get
the news.
Yet that is all it costs you to get the
full particulars each week, a nd you do not have
the bother of writin g if you subscribe for the
LLANO . COLONIST
BesidC's, you gel the boiled down news o\ the
world. and all of the Labor and Socialist news
culled from hundreds of papers. Subscribe NOW
so you'll be numbered a mong the first subscribers.
SOc a Year-In Combination with The Western
Comrade, to one address, 75c.
Circulation Department
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Lla no, Cal.
�The Western Comrade
Work?
Not A Bit Of It.
Just Fun For These Fellows
Learning by Doing
W
HAT is education? Webster defines it as a "process
of teaching," as though it were rather an abstract
thing and that the "teaching" were the important point
"'stead of the "learning".
Indeed, one might think this the correct point of view from
1he way in which facts entirely unrelated to life and living
have been poured into <~ nd impres;ed upon the minds of the
voung.
It would sca rcely seem necessary to say that the sole value
.,f education should 1Je measured by its bearing upon life:
111 fact, to consider the question at all we must ask first,
What life is? What is the object of it? And what are the
hest means to a ttain the desired end ?
If tho! present erlucational system fails to help us to this
end, there must be somethinp, radically wrong with it.
We are accustomed to think of education along with school
houses and if these are absent we feel that the children must
drift until the system is properly established. .In other words,
we take our children out of life to be educated. That is all
wrong. We a ll learn by doing and that is the only kind of
learning we really retain. You hear it said repeatedly, "I
learned that by experience", and the accompanying emphasis
, hows that it made a lasting impression.
How many boys and girls turned out as finished from our
schools apply at each and every office or store within a given
district for a job- showing how ill-fitted they are to enter life.
Why should they have been taken from life at all? How much
more rational and natural for a child to ·have been trained to
live first; to develop poise and character and in so doing
to discover his own greatest ability and follow it to its own
conclusion. How few men and women are poised and steady
in their life's work?
Take any group of successful men (from a financial standpoint), ask how they c::~me to follow a· certain line of work.
:'-hne times out of ten rt will be discovere<.l that chance alone
was responsible. It might be concluded hom these stories that
it were better then to lea11e these matters to chance, but such
Nineteen
By Mildred G. Buxton
a conclusion is wrong. These men a re exceptional as anyone
can easily discover by looking about. The wonder is not that
so many faii, but that any succeed.
The little chap who finds his life work early and with intelligent direction follows it from youth is bound to succeed
in spite of all the facts his teacher can cram into him.
The cramming system would be excellent if we were developed from the outside, but are we? Does the helpless
baby grow into a sturdy mischievous child because he is fed on
a carefully s.elected, scientific diet, or is it an inner development that comes from some source we can not control?
Does the child who develops remarkable self-control
thr;Jugh disgust at the ungovernable maternal temper, do so
as a result of outside stimuli?
I have in mind a boy of sixteen, raised on the desert, who
has had but a few weeks of school, yet he wrote a truly wonderful poem on the mystery of death. Where does he get it?
No! Lire is apparently much better known to poets than to
educators. Otherwise our educational systems would be better
calculateci to protect and bring out that wonderful something
~
within each of us.
A light is dawning. Here in Llano we !>ave seen the folly
of putting all the children through the same mill and turning
them out all cut and polished to the same size and degree.
We have reached the point of wisdom where we are letting
them learn by doing, and the remarkable interest shown and
the number who have already found congenial work shows
that we are on the right track.
Take the boy who loved to work with the chickens. One
day he discovered that if baby chicks were fed grits first,
they digested their food better. The fact itself is of little importance but his own discovery by observation is of great
value. He knows now that he can find any number of
interesting and original facts by his own observation and
nothing can prevent him from using the faculties developed
in this way. This beginning has sent him to the library regu(Continued on Bottom Page 28)
�Twenty
:rhe
Wes:tern Comrade
MAGAZINE RESUMES
What The Writers Say
The
ATLANTIC
Substance of
Instruct
THE SYNDICALIST
1\ b.:autifully wrillen parallel b.:tween the war and labor conditions
America, ending by bringing out the fact that statesmen and pacifists
are now using the countersign of the revolution "lntemational" to qualif}
th~ir arguments. courts of arbilration and palliative measures. The key~
note of the porm i> the 1..1 "ord. ''asleep."
10
ATLANTIC
SAIFNA AHMAR. YA SULTAN
by Alexander Aaronsohn
An account of war conditions in· Palestine by an American Zionist.
The compul-.>ry enlistment of the men of a progressive and civilized
colony ; theirt orture to force them to disclose thehidng place of the
weapons which would enable the village to protect itself ;against pillage
and rapine; the collapse o f the defense on th~ threat of 1he torture and
t>nslav tmt nt of thC' young $'(irl~.
ATLANTIC
RED CROSS AND R.A.M.C. by Wilfred T. Grenfell
Thr Red Cro" Society no longer operates at the front in the war
1one. The medical work is all done by the Royal Army Medical Corps.
whose rtchievemcnts form a romance as inspiring as anything done by
the army o r navy. The hygienic revolution resembles that accomplished by Goethals at Panama. There were six thousand cases of
typhoid at Yprcs. When the English took possession of the trenches, the
\enmn wer(" a horror ; a shirt preserved in glass is said to have come
th<re unattended. Now the Tomrnies are regularly bathed, and every pump
ur tap hn• a certificate attached to it. It is aid that for every Englishonan killed in " ·ar two will be created.
The antrmic. neurotic slum dwellers are l..eing turned by the open
aor life into tanned-faced giants.
The Red CroS< is useful in sudden emergencies. but for steady work one
se• vice under o nt• control is the ideal.
ATLANTIC
PARENTS AND SCHOOLS by Abraham Flexner
Schools must be conducted by trained persons, their training, however.
" largely antiquated. . What can parents do about it?
The parents can assist in introducing a spirit of scientific progress by
asking questions. The schools must be made tentative, inquiring. skeptio·nl. and experimental. With regard to the mental discipline of Latin.
ts it the mos t effective source of mental discipline? Do formal grammar
ll'uons correct the grammar of. say, newspaper reporters or saleswomt"n?
Has geomelr)· any practical application?
School should he a clinic where children arc observed, and failure on
the child's pari impeaches the school. Perhaps the monotony of the
•chnol course depressed all his energies below the level at which he
<ould succeed AI Anything. Mothers and fathers must require "to he
shown." And there is something the matter with a principal who cannot
convin e them that there is a good reason why.
ATLANTIC
THE I
TINCT! E BA ES OF PACIFISM by Fredk. Wells
Pa5sive acc~ptance of evil is. not c.ompatible with survival in nature.
It is somt"times brought about by exces!-ive abuse or excessive coddling.
The instinct of self abasement "masochism" and a kind of terror paralysis.
which makes the peril seem unreal are other contributing causes. Pleasure
sed:ing. familial And economic instincts conflict with the instincts that •
in olve sdf-ucrifice for the group, and this is the ftrst cause of ·the
decoay of nations.
ATLANTIC
COMMON FOOT! G by Seymour Deming
. b&ndon y<>ur automobile and fare forth on your own feet. So shall
your fdlows di co•-er that you Are after .all .a human being and you will
di cover the same of them. After which thilllls c&n hetlin· You will
h.,rome alive to the "conder and majesty of .t he common ,place in human
lik ll"Derally. You will
d that what your fdlow man on foot lrnows
far out" ei.~;hs ,i n ·s ubstance and value the cultural •lnvia'lities ..'hich
h-e doe not !<now. He does not :theorize about the art of 'life. h.e lives it.
His tkory may be wu ,_ his life is •lro!lll. He puts you instinctively
ve Articles In july Magaztne
on your best bd>avior. You would like )'OUr own das.s to a~ar a
" -ell as it can in comparison to his. And he that would com" to thi•
feast muS-t come ~~ a common man. on foot.
THE NORTH
AMERICAN
ENGLISH DEMOCRACY I
REVIEW
WAR TIME' by
idney Low
Nothing hM been more remarkable than the rapid growth of the cabinet
autocracy and the shrinkage of the inOuence of parliament. The British
Prime Minister is in reality the chief of slate. in the oame sense that the
president is in America. In addition. he can do things. otherwise impossible. in the king's name. without subjecting himself to l"'tlal penalties.
-lbe only check to his power is the "front bench" of the opposition. A
there is now a coalition cabinet. the government is able to treat parliameJtlary criticism with indifference. One curious reoult of this is the. emergence
of the house of Lords, which had come to be regarded as a kind of digni·
fied survival. The speeches of the "Elder Statesmen" are followed with
close attention by the public, and it is the gilded chamber of the hereditary
aristocracy which succeeds in giving expression to public opinion.
WORLD'S
WORK .
AT WORK IN THE REM ANT OF BELGIUM
Official Belgium is now about twice the size of Philadelphia. ·lbe Cerman guns not only command every part of it. but fire across it into
France
The sanitary and relief work is carried on by a group consisting of
about forty Belgian nuns and one hundred English and American Quakers.
~11 of whom serve without pay; housing. feeding. clothing, re-establish!~~
industries and caring for the orphans.
WORLD 'S
WORK
"PROFIT SHARING"- Editorial
An analysis of the experiments being tried by more than 200 American
employers. The Unions oppose it as an effort to break up the solidarity
of the working classes. In consequence many employers ha.ve abandoned
the idea as impracable. Almost none of the concerns take the workmen
into their confidence. as to profits and losses, and so the employees suspect
the divis:on. A few employers, acting from a sense of duty, are content
with a low rate for the interest on capital and the services of management.
These men will probably evolve a workable system as a matter of both
justice and expediency.
WORLD'S
WORK
WHAT CAN A FAT MAN DO? by Charles Phelps Cushing
Cutting out all starch, sugar, and fat is a dangerous experiment. It
confines you to meals and green vegetables. This is apt to result in
acidosis. Too rapid losing in weight i• also a danger. Learn the values
of foods and eat them in proportion to your activity. then there will
be no opportunity lor sdf-intoxic>.tion. either- in the form of fat or gout.
WORLD'S
WORK
A garden tractor and cultiva tor carnes its o wn motor and can be
adjusted to any depth and to any size row•. A boy or a girl can operate
it. steering it like a lawn mower but without pushing.
A pocket fire escape has a steel tape 100 feel long connected with
,
a belt and loop.
A frosted glass con• attached to a hanging electric lamp ohade protect
the eyes by diffusing the light.
Coupeville, Wash., io lighting the town with electric light by means
of an old automobi.le engine.
A · new tire chain cons.ists of a number of small units which ca.n br
buckled quickly without jacking up the car.
ILLUSTRATED
WORLD
BIDDING AGAI ST THE WORLD by Carroll Dean Murphy
A few munition malten are profiting by the great war, but the resl
of u• are getting ready to pay the biU. Prices ar.e rising on aU the necessities of life. For instance. bouse paint. White lead .is one third higher,
zinc oxide has risen .from ) c lo 2lc per pound. Varnish bru.be. ,and
alcohol shd.lac have gone up. Seeds and bul~ havr .doubled in prk«
or are e:ntire'.ly olfff the maB<I- Potash. phosphates, oulphuric .ac:id ,..,,:1
nitr~ an· C UI off. so the gardens mu.sl do without f~rliJizer ;
aJ.s o :inH!(!Jj,
�W e s I e r n C o m· r a d e
cides and tools. Brass, copper, aluminum and tungsten are soaring beyond
sight. Mirrors are beyond price, and ordinary glass and paper are becoming articles of luxury.
"Manual dexterity, minds early automatic in a !'ertain routi.;~; docility
and contentment are requirements. The men who half unconsciously are
seeking employees
. . _''
PE ARSON'S
for occupational efficiency; • second, the encouragement of spontaneity
and initiative; and third, the fostering of capacity for civic life. Doing'
oeeing, handling things.; exc.ursions in the country; study of rocks and ·
soils and plants, trees and animals; visits to stores, postotlices, fire engine
houses, farms, creameries, elevators; following up vivid interests; making
houses and f~rniture ; find!ng out about familiar things like food, clothing
ani! ' shelter: using weights and measures figuring because one wants to
know re•ults ; listening to stories, retelling them, learning lo read them;
playing and working with one's males; learning the need for rules and
respect for others' rights- these are the materials and methods which in
the earlier years will almost wholly take the place of books. Arithmetic,
His suggestions for constructive work are as follows : First, traininu ·
RICH, HUNGRY AMERICA by Allan L. Benson
United Stales Health Bulletin No. 76 says: An examination of a number
of studies of the budgets of American workingmen's families indicates that
the point of adequate subsistence is not reached until the family income
·• about $800 a year. Less than half of the wage-earners' families in
the United Stales have an income of that size. Also 250,000 wageearners are killed and 4,700,000 disabled by preventable disease because
of their economic disadvantage. The wealth that labor creates but does
no t gel is the fodder upon which the capitalist system lives. Our forefathers could get land for nothing and exercise their right to work. Comreading; grammar. and nature study will emerge much later as consc1ous
peting with each other for jobs we reduce wages to the. lowest point
tasks. ·
....___
upon which we can exist. Thus, after 127 years of progress half the
people go hungry in a rich country filled with machinery.
IllUSTRATED WORLD
The system of private ownership is wrecking the world. It set Europe
ARE YOU PAID FOR WHAT YOU ARE WORTH?
~ flame and is starving the United Stales. If the system had a little more
By George R. Cushing
mtelligence and a little less greed it would not so grind down ·the geese
tha t lay the golden eggs. When men exist too long on an impoverishctl
" If I could only sell my services ao well as I can sell the other ma11.'s
Jiet they become inferior creators of profits. Also .they eventually have • goods, I would get along all right ."
·
dtflicuhy in loving the government under which they slowly starve. When
You see no one ever locked you in your ro_om and lectured you about
'" this frame of mind they make poor soldiers . The men who are working
the value of ·yourself. Your father did not do it, because he was afraid
on the capitalist theo ry have voted 127 years and gone backward.
he might make a "smart aleck'; out of you. Your competitor has not done
it and never will because he fears that if you once learn your power you
PEARSON'S
will extend yOtrrself and beat him out. Your employer has not done it
and never will, because he is afraid you will ask for more money. T,y
RURAL CREDITS by Charles Edward Russell
and keep enough capital on hand lo enable you to make a stand for proper
The American farmer pays as high as 48 per <:ent for money. Why?
fhere is no ''""'er. These same bankers think it is all right to lend
money to husiness men. In Australia the farmers gel money at 4!12 lo
5 per cent, lo the advantage of the interests of the country al large.
rE ARSON 'S
"KNOCKING" PUBLIC OWNERSHIP by R. G. Collier
!'he press lo live must ha ve advertising. Profi table adver tising comes
I ro m the strongholds of financ., so the editor meekl y takes his orders
Irom the business offi ce and puis hi s self -respect in cold storage. The
:junday· suppl emen t ~ do not describe the municipal plants which in vanous
cities are cutting rates. improving service conditions and playing havoc
consideraion.
EVERYBODY'S MAGAZINE
Alice Paul, chairman of the Woman's Congressional Union has gained
her position by her habit of acc umulating definite and opposite facts . She
is en ti rely impersonal in her treatment of her followers, and by sheer
moral devo tion dominates and charms not the minds but the souls of
people. She leads by being- - not by being for- the cause.
THE
MID-PACIFIC
AMERICAN TRADE IN CHINA by julian H. Arnold
~enerally with the old orde r of vested highbindery . Instead the press
~~ resents public ownership as a means of strengthening the ''machine."
"lbe Chinese are ex tremely sel in their tastes and habits. They have
traditions and prejudices and auperstitions that en tirely outweigh all
fhe fact is that it lakes the public utility out of politics, whereas private
ownership keeps it in politics. Privately owned public service corporations
practical considerations.
.trr ever seeking privileges, franchises, and extensions, and do mo re to
control municipalities than municipalities do lo control them.
Political
hosses are ne-ver found advocating municipal ownership.
THE
WAGES AND LIVING
THE
INDEPENDENT
EDUCATIONIN THE NEXT GENERATION by G. R. Vincent
The president of the . University of Minnesota, formerly preoident of
Chaulauqua Institution, sums up the criticisms against the public .chool
system as follows. "Training for occupations has been negleeted. <Aildren leave school because they are bored, they drift into blind alley occu pation•; the studies of the elementary school are too formal and meaning!~•• to hold the interest of the pupils; school children le~m r.othing
thoroughly and well, but have a vague smattering of many thingJ; the
rural sch<><•ls are backward, and country children are slighted. The great
mass of teachers are ill-trained. inexperienced, underpaid, ephemera l, "a
mob of mobile maidens meditating matrimony. The school is not connected closely with the life of the community which it is supposed to s"rve.
Colleges are loafing places for young barberians without mental interests:
even the graduate work of the university is too much a kir.d of formal
and pretentious erudition . Professional schools, for all their efficiency, are
sending out lawyers, doctors,, engin.eers, dentisto, bent upon !Jersonal
success and regarding the public as a mine to be work..J rdther than a
community to be served.
OUTLOOK
ENGLISH AND FRENCH WOMEN AT WAR
By Harriet Stanton Blatch
PE ARSON 'S
A very wealthy m~nufacturer thinks that there IS nothing the matter
" 11h wages except , perhaps. that they are too high. He has tried living
un five dollars a week and finds 11 ample. Some captious persons have
pointed out that this did not include rent, street car fare, clothes, doctor's
fees, medicines, anything for ·amusement or for anyone else's support.
Presumably then it would require five dollars for each member of a family.
or twenty dollars a week for the average family of four persons.
The American manufacturer must get represenla-
tives who are familiar wi th the language and cus toms and then manufacture
expressly for the trade.
lbe self-effacing spinslu of former days has disappeared. Women are
enjoying, even dissipating in their 'sudden freedom. This is taken philosophically. She can be trained In wisdom only by freedom lo err. She
soon gels herself in hand and the children have neve,r been so well cared
fo r. ln France, the government appreciates and co-operates generously
with the women· s work. Are the women whose splendid eflici \ ncy has
been demonstrated on the largest scale going to allow themselve& to be
relegated to the "futilities which usually fill the lives of the well-to-do,
or the helpless destitution which is commonly the lot of the lower class
woman?
POPULAR
MECHANICS
By means of what is believed to be a new scientific discovery in
connection with sunspots, it is claimed that wea ther forecasts may be made
'vith reasonable accurac y two weeks in advance.
.
A new screw driver has a device which holda the screw firmly while
it is being set.
.
Operators of cut -off saws, or other machinery on which rough wood is
handled, will find a block fitt ed wi th a number of aharp &leel points con vient in preventing splint~rs from entering the hands. In addition
to the pain an.d annoyance of troublesome bit& of wood which lodge
in the Hesh, there is the danger of infection . Such a block should be made
to fit the hand, and a aize of 2 by 3!12 by 6 in . will be found convenient.
The alee! points on one ot tht flat faces grip the lumber lo be handled and
the sawyer need nol touch it with the hands except when stock II to be
lifted.
A nev,r steam engine somewhat resembles the steam lurbine.
(Continued on Pa~e 28)
There i:s
�Twenty~two
. The Western Comrade
Industries, Institutions, Recreations·
M
ORE than fifty industries, institutions, and recreations
The newly opened shower baths, with separate departments
a re already established a t Llano. Even the residents . for men and women, are equipped for both hot and ~old
had no idea of the astonishin g number of them until a showers.
Along Big Rock Creek are inviting camp grounds, where
co unt was made a fe w days ago. Few visitors get a complete many of the colonists camp. Higher up. in the Sierra Madres
idea of the multitudinous activities of this thriving, growing are even more beautiful resorts.
co mmu nity.
Our Montesorri school, largest in California, is the nucleus
Under the head of industries may be listed the followin g, of an industrial school which will be the only free school ot
all of which are in active opera tion , or which are assured this kind in the state. The largest Socialist Local in Caliwithin a short time. Count ·'em- they are substantial and fornia is Llano Local. In these things, as in all others, we
remun erat ive and many of them are to be extensively devel- shall ever struggle to excel.
oped. Here's the list:
The Children's Dance on Thursday night, · a nd the regular
da nce on Saturday night ; the entertainment on Sunday night,
Hog R aising
Pri nt Shop
Paint Shop
and the frequent speeches by noted visitors all contribute to
Shoe Shop
Lime Kiln
Brick Yard
our social life. A ·war correspondent for a magazine of
Lumbering
Saw Mill
Laundry
national interest, a nd well-known Socialist speaker from
Magazine
Dairy
Ca nne ry
Chicago addressed audiences last week. Llano people have
Newspaper
Cleaning and Dyeing Cabinet Shop
the time; admission fees are unknown.
Flour Mill
Nursery
Garage
Lla no, city of municipal ownership, outstrips the world.
Baker}
Alfalfa
Warehouse
Nowhere else is there a city that owns all of its institutions
Fish Hatchery
Orchards
Machine Shop
and industries. Private property in our homes, public propT ra nsportation
Poultry Yards
Blacksm ith Shop
erty everywhere else-this is the practice in Llano.
Barber Shop
Ru g Works
Ga rdens
Do you thin k Llano is thriving?
Da iry Goats
Planing Mi ll
Rabbitry
Preparedness?
No.
J ust a Llano Drive Against Brer Rabbit
In addit ion to the industries a re many institutions that
a re almost indu stries, and which mi ght be classed as such.
T here are a lso the recrea tions which desep·e special mention .
Menagerie
Baths
Industrial School
Swimming Pool
Grammar School
Brass Band
Studios
Montesorri School
Mandolin Club
Hotel
Commercial Classes Orchestras {two)
Fi<hin g and Hunting Quartets
Drafting Room
Post Office
Library
Socialist Local
Baseball
Commissary
Souvenir Club
Camping Grounds Two Weekly Dances Lectures by Visitors
This list will be out of date in a month. New features
are added consta ntly. A move is on foot to install an ice
plant. Ano ther project being agitated is the electrifying of
Llano. Both are nebulous yet, but both are as certain as the
coming of another day. A score of practical undertakings
a re planned for the future , to be taken up when more pressing
work is disposed of.
Important Notice
Because of the increases in the costs of the high-grade
paper used in THE WESTERN COMRADE and the other
increased costs of materials. the price must be raised to
FIFTY CENTS A YEAR STRAIGHT. This will make
club rates impossible except for our two publications to
one address.
e
W E S T E R N C 0 M R A D E, S 0 c a y a r
LLANO COLONIST, SOc a
B 0 T H
to one person
year
7Sc
You should read THE WESTERN COMRADE and the
LLANO COLONIST both. Send in your subscriptions at
once and get as many olher subscribers ~s you can.
Circulation Department
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Llano, Cal.
�The Wester n Comraa
Twenty-three
HEALTH
Therapeutics
A
MAGAZINE devoted to a greater economic security
and a larger social life, as well as a more perfect system
of educa tion for the young, would hardly be complete,
~hould it neglect to consider the physical welfare of man as a
vastly impo~tant factor. In attaining the first mentioned
blessings, a vibrantly healthy body gives tone and character
to the mind and courage for the struggle. The healthy are invincible. Poverty a nd want, weakness and woe, come seldom
to those who are endowed with robust health and aggressive
,·itality. It is wicked to become weakened through ignorance.
It is a sin to suffer needlessly. To have good health and hold
it is life's greatest conquest.
Up to a century ago, the problem of health and vitality was
considered entirely an individual matter. Today we recognize
it as, to a great extent. a social conquest. Man is his brother's
keeper. Under modern conditions, the life-destroying vices
are the social and economic maladjustment incident to .this
period of tra nsition from individualistic to socialistic lifefrom chaos to brotherhood.
·
It is, therefore, fitting that the WESTERN COMRADE
<hould carry on a discussion of the possible advantages of collective activity for physical welfare.
To struggle individually against great masses of organized
capital, is a prodigious expenditure of energy- -a monstrously
unequal struggle. It exhausts the physical resources of the
combatant and makes him a n easy victim for the myriad
diseases of bacterial nature- those microdemons of the a ir.
Only as he combines his efforts with his fellows, does he con>erve his energy; does he become more powerful in the
>truggle. And thus fortified against disease, as he combines
with his fellows, he conserves his nervous force and sharpens
his brain activity, resulting in greater comfort a t a smaller
expenditure of vitality, thus furnishing another bulwark
ilgainst the encroachment of sickness.
Outline Plan of Work To Be
Followed This Year.
DEFINITE plan of work has been adopted and will be
A carried
out during the fall and winter. After a careful
consideration of all of the advantages of different lines of
work, it has been decided to direct the first activity toward
clearing a nd preparing land for alfalfa. All available land
will be planted this fall. Following this work will come the
improving of the irrigation system to handle water with the
least loss and the highest efficiency. Many miles of main
ditches and laterals will be cobbled, making them almost impervious to water.
Preparations for a garden larger than ever are already
being systematized. Orchard work, too, will be planned
months in advance of the time to go to work. This is cooperative efficiency.
The ever-present building problem will be simplified when
the milling of logs commences. Many, homes must be built.
As the colony progresses, the homes become larger and more
commodious. Scores of families are expected this fall, and
immediate attention to the problem of housing is imperative.
Many improvements will be made in all departments, and
new ones will be added, but the greatest activity will be directed to those above noted.
·
By
Dr.
Deque r
Disease is not always an individual curse but is us~ally a
social curse. · Remember, it is seldom that we suffer alone.
Disease is, to a large extent, social in its consequences, although it is not ·generally recognized. . Whn we say. "social
menace" the idea of contagion is immediately associated with
the remark. That is true. But it is also true of non-contagious diseases, of all physical maladjustment, in fact.
Behold the effect upon children, under the care of an overworked, neurasthenic mother. Behold the effect upon a
family of a broken-down father; just think of the economic
waste, of the domestic agony; of the s<;>cial depression, due
to illness in any form. I repeat, we are our brother's .k.eeper.
I maintain that when we understand the cause of pain and sorrow and do naught to remove it, that we are guilty of the
greatest of social sins.
In Llano, we are combining our efforts. We are evolvin!(
not independence so much as interdependence. We endeavor rather to beautify, to spiritualize, than to individualize
and strengthen the ego. Our beauty is in ourselves--our
strength in unity. We are learning to enjoy life with, instead
of at the expense of, one another. We a re laying a foundation
that may recall the glories of ancient Greece- that will bring ·
forth a race of Godlike humanity. With this a im in mind,
the co-operator works; works not for bread alone, but
beyond that for beauty, for grace, for intellect, and, above all
for health.
With this idea in mind, it shall be my purpose to take the
therapeutic side of the socialist statement- food, .clothing and
shelter- a nd in subsequent issues of the COMRADE, show
how these can be used not only for physica l sustenance,
but also for spiritual unfoldment, which simply means the
bloom and fragrance of human life.
(This department will regularly carry articles on health by different
writers.)
What Did They Do
Last Week In Llano?
You've wondered that a thousand times this last
month. You wa nt to know every move that is
being made in this great co-opera tive enterprise.
You 'II get it fresh each week in the
LLANO COLONIST
almost as well as though you were right here on
the ground. Subscribe NOW so you can say you
have seen every copy.
SOc a Year-In Combination with The Western
Comrade, to one address, 75c.
Circula tion Depa rtment
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY
Llano, Cal.
�Twenty-four
Th e We stern Comrad e
Installing tho
Ri~
Saw Mill- It I> Nm, Ready To Opnale.
What Llano Women Do
M
ANY requests have come to the Colony ask in g what
the women of Llano are doing and what there is to do.
The opportun ities here for women are better than
most places. There are so many things for women with initiative to star t and do. He lp for all worthy projects in <.:V<'r~
r.tse i ~ forthcoming. .'\ny success will allfact wd!i1tg supporters. It's the starting of a thin g that's hard . People
genera ll y are conservative; it is characteristic and perhaps
wholesome for them to wait till a success is assu red before
help is given . This co ndition . of course, prevails here more
or less. but . after a ll. a li beral hearin g and trial is always
a fforded for the reasonab le idea .
· Women are stro ngly represented in the schools. They are
doi ng perhaps the most important -work of life. that of tra ining the young minds· into chan nels beneficial in after life.
Reginning with the Monteso rri school we find interested and
painstaking teachers in th e persons of Mrs. Masteller. Mrs.
Will hide. Mrs. Buxton , Mrs. Todd and Mrs. Whitz.el. These
women are ardently de voted to the cause of education and no
o ne ca n say tha t this is not useful work.
In the schooL Mrs. Minnie Pickett , the wife of Comrade
George Pickett. manager of the colony, associated with Mrs.
j . j . Banbury. are constantly on the job in the domestic
science departm ent. They work unusually lon g hours and are
laithfully devoted to the callin g.
Miss Austin . who speaks five languages fluently and reads
seven. is taking time fro m her other work to teach langua ges
in the schools.
Mrs. Robert K. Williams, mana ge ress of the hotel , takes two
mornings off each week and goes to the school to instruct
.
pupils in elocution and ~st hetic gymnastics.
Mrs. Fox. an artist and sculptor all her life, devotes several
days weekly in giv ing the childre n .modeling and art le~son s
in the studio and schools in addition to attending to her daily
work in the studio, and classes for grown people in the
evemngs.
Miss Katherine Miller, a recent graduate of the Utah University. is teaching music at the Sierra Madre colo ny and ha s
an en thu siastic class.
Miss Gladys Zornes. a student of biology and botany, will
teach these branches in th e school s here. S he is amply qualifted for this work.
Miss Geister has been given charge of mathematics because
of her particular training for that th ing.
Mrs. Bertha Landon, a trained nurse. ha s acted in this
capac it y when· occasion demanded, and through her efficiency
has won a warm place in the hearts of g rateful patients.
a practical
nurse. has officiated on several ocMrs. Kane,
.
.
cas1ons 111 emergencies.
In add ition to the above there have been many kind hearted
an d practical women come forward and volunteered their
services for· this necessary a nd laborious work in the past.
Mrs. Harper, the wife of F. 0. Harper, for a time acted as
clerk in th e Commissary department. The work, though hard
and tedious. was cheerfully followed.
•
Miss Alberta Fread also did clerkship in the trying situation. Mrs. Beeman Wallace and several other women have
volunteered and worked in the commissary.
Miss Ida Barney is employed in the transportation department and keeps the accounts correctly.
Mn•. Thomas, wife of Foreman Thomas of the laundry, ha s
charge of the mending and the exacting work of keeping
account of the laundry.
Mrs. Floyd Gallup is engaged daily in the bookkeeping department.
Mrs. Spencer and Mrs. Richardson, Mrs. Zimmerman, Mrs.
Page and several other women are conducting the Souvenir
club. which occupies a neat little club house tent, and where
visitors are always welcome and shown some o f the handicraft of the women of the colony.
In the rug shop we find Mrs. J. j. Leslie who enjoys making
.-ugs, and in addition to this daily occupation, write&, draws
�T he
W e s t e r n C o m r· a d e
What Our Visitors Say
1 have had the pleasure of investigating the Llano Colony and foUDd
t it was a success beyond any reasonable doubt. During my visit there
,-as surprised to find seven or eight hundred of the most broadminded
"' I happiest people I ever mel.
rhis Colony is surrounded by all natural resources which are necessary
tu the development of any country, has a good location, a very delightful
'i ·tal~. good soil and an abundance of fine water second to none in- the
st te; and, above all, each and every. colonist has a home and an equal
" tt to earn a living. I certainly think it is advisable for anyone who
loyal believer in co-operation to investigate the Llano Colony.
0 - F - -. Coming. CaL
Will QUALIFY. THEN COME IN
Why did I visit Llano ? I read in THE WESTERN COMRADE
.ol ut it and I wanted to know if such a plan could be worked out suefully. As the result of my observations and inquiries during my visit
•n confidently say that I honestly believe it can, and more than this,
. rn just as forcibly convinced that it is being so wo•ked out and that
,,, -ncr or later the Llano Colony will be an abiding monument to the
uo•; retentious but none the less wonderful man who has been instrumental
"' · onceiving, starting and developing the co-operative commonwealth of
tlo Llano del Rio.
Yours for the Colony just as soon as I can arrange to qualify, always
l"""dcd, of course, that I may be one of the eligibles in the estimation
,,t the governing board.
J- - N- -
I" Our Comrades :
\\ e have been visiting for the past two days in the Llano Colony and
I • ould suggest to any prospective investor to come here and see for him,, li what those 800 people have accomplished in two years. Starting
""" five people, 308 acres, 120 acres in pears, 40 acres in French prunes,
lilil acres in garden of vegetables, a wonderful rabbitry containg 2000
r.I.Lits, 2000 hens, 8S cows and a splendid barn, and we are told
tho'c are 8S head on the range; also 30 head of colts.
I here a re 73 working horses; a large industrial building, in which is
"'"'"ined all departmen ts of mechanical machinery including a fine weaving
JrpH tment for ca rpets, etc., a splendid up-to-date printing establishment,
« tdt modern linotype, a steam laundry, new public bathhouses and swimmuog pool. The cannery is now ready for operation. Colony also owns
fatm machinery and implements of all kinds.
.\ library of 1800 books and magazines, hotel of 14 rooms with p~blic
dmtng room.
'llnce musical bands of which two I heard play and their music was
''" d lcnt.
ll1e above I have seen with my own eyes, and I know it is here as
tdatcd.
IRENE M. SMITH
HUGGINS INVESTIGATES llANO
\\alter Huggins, of Chicago, for more than thirty years identified with
th.- «>-operative movement, addressed the residents of Llano on the eve
of his departure to report to he Naional Secretary of the Socialist Party
• nd the persons who delegated him to come to Llano to investigate for
thrtn. He said in part;
"It is far better than l anticipated. Your literature and your illustrations
do not do it justice. I shall most heartilly recommend my friends to come
to Llano. The town is •everal times larger than I expected to find and
the pt ospects are magnificent. It is ideal co-operation for it goes back
to the first principle--the land. I shall unhesitatingly advise those who
ask me about it to come to Llano. You will have a veritable Garden of
Eden here in a few years."
Comrade Huggins informed his audience that they might expect to
'<' many Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin and Ohio families here within a
yeor. As a member of the Committee on Co-operatives of the Socialist
l'arly, Comrade Huggins word carries confidence with it.
Quotations from letter from W. E. C., colonist who is away for a few
months making a tour of the East.
.. . .Spent day at Niagara Fails,
. .my mind went Llano-wards,
<on>:>aring the conditions of the workers who are building Llano and the
"'" ~ers who have built the power plants at the Falls.
"I have worked at places of pleasure belonging to owners of the plants
•nu have visited the homes and places of pleasure of the builders, and
)'Ot a• a Socialist, know what I found. Llano will do away with both.
. It will do away with the idle rich and Rive wc>rk to the idle
"'' ,cr ; which means doing away with some of these rotten living places
I I 1e seen.
' till, I thin!. a great deal more of the owners than I do of the slaves.
Twenty..five
Why? For the simple reason that the slaves are contented. Believe me
or not, I have met and talked to many about Uano, (and except for a few
so well along in years no other hope is left), I found a great rniJIY who
were afraid of being robbed, and still every morning they go to work. for
wages • Oh l Boneheads!
"I find that there are a great many unpleasant things in life and they
are not all in Uano. Thin!. of the heat here this month ; in Oeveland
62 babies died the first 23 days.
"
-In all my travels I have never seen a place where children have
as nice a time as at Uano.''
The hotel register for July reads like the mailing list, It includes
visitors 'from twelve slates besides California, as far away as Boston on
the east, Texas on the south, and Montana on the north. Among those
who were here and a large number of whom will .doubtless take up
their residence here within the next year, are: Mrs. Lydia Ledwith
and Miss Hildebrand, Los Angeles; Mr. and Mrs. Theo. ' D. linden, Mrs.
A. Dahlgren, Mr. and Mrs. E. Hulton and Mrs. Fritz Shallstrom of
Kingsburg; Walter Huggins, Chicago; Albert Williams, Boston; Prince
Hopkins, Santa Barbara; Frederick Rhead, Santa Barbara; Irene Smith,
Mrs. Frances N. Noel. Los Angeles; . Miss Katharine Schmidt, Chicago;
and Mr. H. Stenzel, San Simon. Ariz.
PEARSON'S
IS
the only magazme
of its kind
This Ia Why:Three years ago Pearson's decided to be a FREE MAGAZINE.
This was the purpose:A plain form would enable the magazine to live on ita
income from subscriptions and monthly salea. It would
not have to consider the effect on advertisers when it
wanted to print the truth about any public queestion.
This was the result:P earson's NOW prints the truth about some question
which affects your welfare in every isaue.
It Prinb Facb Which No Magazine That Depends
On Advertising Could "Afford" To Ppnt.
And, with all this, Pearson's still prints as much fiction
and entertainment articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts, buy a copy on the news stand for I 5
cents, or subscribe by the year for $ LSO.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to
make you the following clubbing offer until November I st.
You can get both PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for One Year by
sending One Dollar to
THE
WESTERN
COMRADE
lLANO, CAL.
After November Jst this rate will be raised tc> $1.50
�Twenty-six
T h e W e s t e r n C o m r a d' e
Jottings Of Julius
M
ODERN governments are not crime-preventing institutions, but mere strong-arm committees orga nized to protect the exploiters
in the ga me of robbing the people.
By Emanuel Julius
A pretty good patriot was asked if he would light
for his country. "Yes," said he, ' 'I'd lick any
rascal that tried to get my country into a war.··
From Oklahoma comes the report that a Democratic politician, who was mistaken for a burgiar.
was presented with a bullet. I have been told
there is some slight difference.
We often hear th at the wo rld doesn't know how
how the other hal f lives. There is less than one
per cent (the Wall street ga ng) that knows, but
doesn't care.
The average workingman has nothing but hi>
The deadlier the guns made by any country
Emanuel julius
labor power and his vote; he sells the former when
the higher the sta te of civilization. Do you accept that dope? he can lind a buyer and for what he can get, but he g1ves
his vote away to those who keep him in poverty.
I'd rather see a man with chains on his wrists"than shackles
on his mind. You can break materia1 chains, but it's imposWhat, oh! Would you have a good argument against
sible to break the chains on the moind of a spiritless, mealy- woman suffrage? A rea l, live pippin of a reason? One that
mouthed, lackey-minded wage slave who is ready to die for makes a noise like logic) One that just drips with eloquent
his dear little capitalists.
disdain? Well. here it is: In China men frequently have
cancer in the back of the th roat from eating rice that is
very hot. Women do not suffer fro m this because they eil t
In the eyes of a capitalist the worst crime a workingman
at the second table were their rice is cold. Rice for women I
can commit is to he true to the working class.
1\ fat capitalist S<t)'S : •. rhc \\ Orld wants the ht man."
what is the fat capita list ht?
For
Wo1 k like a dray hon;e · a nd gel nothing. Do nothinga nd gel every possible luxury. That's ca pitalism in a nutshell.
Do nothing for non-consumers and parasites. Work like
a human being- and ge l what you produce. That's Socialism.
in a nutshell. Which system hits you in the right place?
"Save for a rainy day." says the parasite's platitudinarian.
T hink of a penniless wage slave who is caught in a blizzard
worrying about what he is going to do when it begins to rain.
A
The capitalists are liberal when it comes to politics- they
let you take your choice between the two old parties.
Capitalism is a nen·y old pelican.
wonders why we don't welcome the stork. The wrinkled old
peilcan is always happy when both the vultures and the slorb
are working ha rd.
Militarism is the right ann of capitalism- the a rm that
swings the bludgeon when the workers become restless and
discontented over the evils of wage slavery.
(Conlinued on page 27)
The ''Llano System''
NEW era in educa tion is dawning--its signs are on every
hand . We are coming to have a new conception of the
place of the school in the child's life. to break away from
old ideas a nd ideals and to reach out for the new. This has
led to the development of various educational "systems,"
some of them widely discussed, bringing fame to their originators.
At Llano a new educational system is being developed that
departs so radically from that followed at the ordina ry school
as to practically ma rk the beginning of an educational revolution. When we sta rt to compare it with others we at once
see how great and fundamenta l is the difference. The old way
of teaching was to use the child's head as a storehouse o f
facts, most of them exceedingly uninteresting and nine-tenths
of them absolutely valueless when it came to making one a
more useful member of society. As a matter of fact, the word
education is a misnomer when applied to this method of teaching. for it means literaly to draw forth from, while our "educators" have all too often made it a hammering-in process.
Under the Lla no system all this changed. The child no longer
has "learning" forced into a protesting brain with the aid o f
a ruler applied to the opposite end of h is a na tomy. On the
contrary, he is given a n opportunity to acquire knowledge
The crusty bird se nds us
a lot of vultures. and after they gel through with us she
By Scott
Lewis
about the world in which he lives a nd its relation to himself.
in a natural manner a nd is encouraged, not forced, to make
the best possible use of this opportunity.
The Llano system assumes that each child is to become a
useful member of society, and he is therefore given the chance
to acquire useful knowledge. Greek and La tin are dropped
from the curriculum. · If he wishes to study them he ca n do so
later in life after more important facts are learned. Ou r
common sense. if we are blessed with any of this rare virtue.
should tell us that for the average person a knowledge of
chickens is more useful than the ability to conjugate amo,
a nd tha t it is bett t'r to know how to saw a board off straight
than to read Homer. It seems so perfectly obvious that a
child should be taught, or rather a llowed to learn, the mof. t
about those things that will be of the greatest use to him later
in life tha t when we really stop to think o f it we wonder that
a ny other methoJ of teaching is tolerated for a moment by an
enlightened public. Yet is has remained for the socialists ol
Llano to introduce in the most practical way this commonse n>e
idea.
Under the Llano system the children who like gardenin\!
are ta ught ga rdening by being a llowed. not compelled, 10
(Conlinued on page 27)
�l.MJ1RONO.MlCS
The Cook ' Comer
Edited by Chef Robert
The coupon must be used in asking questions and must be
mailed to the Culinary Editor, Western Comrade, Llano, Cal.
Cut it out and pin it to your letter. ·
Any recipe will be given, also translations of French or
Cerman menu terms.
This department is not confined to American cookery; it
j, internationai- F rench, German, Russian, Chinese, Spanish,
etc .,
Culinary Editor, The Western Comrade
JOITINGS OF JUUUS (~Continued from ,p age 26)
--GFeat is the spirit of self-saolifice! Ghnious is the feeling
·o f undying patriotism! Fen instance, t omider the House of
Lol'ds. The titiled aristocrats were anxious to convince the
people that :t hey would gladly ·~do their bit," so they decided
to practice economy. As a result, •envelopes much les-s substantial and ornate than those ,h itherto in use have be'en introduced. What a lovely demonstration of patriotism. Let the
millions of workers die, while a handful of parasites decide to
use less expensive stationery! Can you beat it?
There can be no real independence for labor until the
people own the means of wealth production and' distribution.
"The Path of Glory" is the title of a new. book by a French
author. The English poet, Gray, was right ' when he said:
" The paths of glory lead but to the grave."
\ a me
You a re at liberty to ask any questions you desire, and
they will be a nswered by Chef Robert. This department is
in, tituted for the benefit of the housewives · who read The
WESTERN COMRADE. and they are urged to make good
u;c of it.
Karl Marx used some mighty vigorous language. The great
socialist economist was not interested merely in dry facts.
He was not a master of the theories of the dustinstax. He
could land his solar plexus in a manner that made one forget
that he was a doctor of philosophy. He could express his
ideas in a- forceful, vigorous, dramatic manner. Here is a
line that appeals to me: "Capitalism comes into the world
dripping from head to foot, from pore .to pore, with blood
and dirt."
What is capitalism? In a sentence: It is a system that
enables one dass to do nothing and get all a nd another class
to do everything and get nothing.
\\!ill you tell me why it is better to cut off both ends of a pota.!o
he lore baking it? I have been told that it is to take out some oil that
n~otkc5 it bitter.
I enclose one coupon from the WESTERN COMRADE to entitle. me
tu " reply.
Adelaide Benson.
Du Pont, the powder king, trumpets: "Millions for defense;
not one cent for agression." Oh, you powder peddler!
~u I.- Baked potatoes are better when the ends a re cut off as it per·
nuls grea ter evaporation of moisture. Tha t is the only reason .
perform all of its operations under the guidance of expert
gardeners. The children that like chickens a re allowed to
raise chickens, do everything themselves mind you, with the
result that they had 1200 little fluffy balls running about,
and every one a pet. Under the same commonsense plan,
others are actually building houses, and good ones too, and
so on with all the multitudinous variety of operations carried
on at the colony. It certainly takes no prophet to fo~esee the
outcome.
Square pegs will no longer be found in round holes. The
child that is forced to do work that he dislikes makes a poor
workman, a failure in life. The children of Llano will do the
work they like best and as a result become experts in their
chosen line- successes in the struggle for existence. Have
you studdied the law of evolution? Do you know the a verage
di1ference between the children of successes and the children
of failures? If you do you can read the future of a oommunity that trains for success. I do not need to prophecy.
The fellow who chatters about war "prosperity" forgets
about war prices.
Llano Special Rugs
As Premiums
27x54 RUGS, Red, Blue, Green or other Trimming
Each person sending in a club of 25 Subscriptions
at 50c each to THE WESTERN COMRADE or
the LLA 0 COLO !ST. or 20 Combinations of
the Two at 7Sc each will be given a beautiful
THE LLANO SYSTEM (continued from page 26)
Lla.no Made RUG FREE.
Circulation Department
LLANO
DEL RIO
COLONY
L l ano, Cal.
Do You Like To Draw?
CARTOONISTS earn big money. Our mod'ern up-Io-date home stod'y
method can teach you this well paying p•ofession al a, l'o w cosl. Send 4c
for illustrated booklet and sample lesson pla>le.
LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF CARTOONING
415c Thorpe Bldg., Los Angeles,, Cal.
�l wenty-eigfrl
Tbe
WesteJtn Comra.dle
The Western Comrade
F.n!e•ecl •• .econd-dau mal!eJ at the posl office at Los Angeles;.
ru.
- --- - - - - - - - - ------,;----- - -- ISSUED EACH MONTH AT U.ANO, CAJI.IFORNIA
Subscription Price Fifty Ceat.. a Yen
JOB HARRIMAN, Managing Edit.o r
FRANK E. WOLFE. Editor
VOL. IV
Nos. 1 ·and· 3
JUNE-JULY, 1916
Subscription Offers
$1.50 value - $1
American Sociali:ot, one year .................. 5-0e
1914 Socialist Campaign
Book.................S:Oe
Llano Girls Perform
Western Comrade or
Llano Colonist, one year ..........................S:Oe
One of the most engaging entertainments yet g1ven m
Llano was the "Magic Mirror, presented the last Sunday in
july, and voted by the large audience as the _"most elaborate
effort yet attempted. Thirteen Llano beauties representing
young women contending for the hand of 'im eligible young
man were successively framed where the spotlight made each
a picture. Mrs. Cecil Williams read the lines; the playlet
was in pantomime. The young women taking part were:
Estelle Allen, Minnie Eldredge, Floy Hill, Vera Warriner,
Gladys Zornes, Miss Barnes, Vernie Allen, jennie Leslie, Mary
Moulton, Katherine Miller, Dorothy Mathewson, Myrtle Kemp
and Daphne White. Mr. George Grazier was the eligible
young man.
$1 .50
Combination Offer ..................................$1.00
Total
Campaign Book, American
all Four, $2.- 0ur Combination Offer, $1 .25
National Rip-Saw «nd Western Comrade ot•
Llano Colonist. 75c- All Three for
$1 .00.
Circula.tion Dept., Western Comraae,
Llano, Cal.
MAGAZINE RESUMES (continued from page 21)
no cranking, no dead center and very little vibration. Simplicity, com>
pac tness, power, and low water consumpt ion make it pa rticularly efficient.
An ordinary jack-screw can be used to bend bars o r rails by rigging it
between posts set in the ground.
. .
A funn el fo r pouring gasoline into an au tomobile can be quickly made
by breaking off a glass bottle uear the bottom.
A piece of gauze bandage can be shaped lik e a gas mantel and then
soaked in a strong solution of Epsom salts repeatedly until it is stiff.
This makes a satisfactory substitute for the commercial article.
An elec tric organ is now being made which transmi ts wireless music.
A life preserver has been invented with a small hood ·and mask and a
periscope attachment, which supplies air in a rough !\fa and wa ter to drink.
'
A new dental cement has the appearance of porcelain and the durability ·
of gold.
An electric light placed in a recess at the point where the corners of
thre" or four rooms meet, can be made to light them all.
The . ,mshine treatment is 'being tried in Buffal<vfor tube.rculous children. ll>ey are kept out-of-doors with practically all the body exposed
to the rays .:>f the sun. They generally show marked improvement in
a short time.
By a simplified j)rocess of color photography, which differs only slightly
from a system devis~d a couple of years ago, as many pictures as desired
may be produced from the original negati ves.
ocialist, Western
Comrade. and Llano Colonist-Total value of
.Save Your Old Carpets ·
LLANO RUG FACTORY
LLANO. CALIFORNIA
The Most Complete Rug Factory on the Pacific: Coa•t
Employing Expert Weavers
BEAUTIFUL AND DURABLE RUGS can be made
from your old Ingrain, Brussels. Moquette and Velvet
LEARNING BY DOING (continued from page 19)
larly since then; does any one doubt that he is on the way
to obtain the kind of an education that will make a four
square, u eful individual?
This is but one case out of some two hundred possibilities
and \v-e cite it to show you the small beginnings that will some
of these days mark a great change and show us that there
is no su-ch thing as a lazy man or a stupid child. Each will
lind his own place.
The ponist·ent ~h:q>1dity of miserable hyprocrisy of the !British guvemmbnl iin its ·a ttitude d pretending to !believe the Illish <q>rising w:as of
a "em!,rell~ous dral'«cltt, .and lhe soedu'led silken <OOrJ ban,gings, ll"ing
to m'ind th-at de'li,ghtiu\ .,\d Oran geman's 41~:
"Up " ~ong ladder ..nd down ;a :Shor,t
Humo'h ~dGng William; t o Hell wi'lh the Pope."
rope.
F.-ani< E. Wo'lf.e.
Carpets or Rugs.
Old Chenille Cu rtains or Table
Covers make desirable Rugs.
We also weave .lUg
Carpets, Rugs and Art Squa res of every ~ir.e ilnd
l style.
We pay freight o ne .,-.ay •m order< .amowlling Jo $5.00
ASK ABOUT THE LLANO SPECIAL RVC
SlUP DIR!fiCT TO Jfl.E RI.!JC O£'PAJR'!I'M.EI'JT
LlANO J)£L
ruo
GO.
PALMDALE. CAL.
�The Western Comrade
With The Hustlers
GOT 38 SUBS. WANTS TO MAKE IT EVEN HALF. HUNDRID .
A-- K-- is one of the hustling kind of members who does not
•elieve in waiting until he gels to Uano to do his hustling, He is an
notallment member from Salt Lak., City. He says in part:
')ear Comrade Wolfe:
. . . • My 38 subscribers (and I hope to 'make it half a hundred
•his month) are only plain, average workingmen. However, there is not
• 1cab among them. I know that. Some of them may take some deeper
·nterest in the Llano Co-operative Colony after he bas read 111E
WESTERN COMRADE (the catalog of our firm as I look on it) for
cveral months.
Fraternally Yours
A-K-
(Comrade K- - went out to distribute a few of the COMRADES
ornong his friends. He got subscriptions as he went. What would happen
f 150 other memb~rs did the same each month?)
Centralia, Wash., July 12, 1916
Comrades: Enclosed find money order for three dollars and fifty cents
which please send THE WESTERN COMRADE to the enclosed list
, f names. We have watched the growth and success of the Llano del
l ~io Colony, and would like to be more familiar with your project. We
.o re convinced that with the good start you have made and with the
loyalty of comradeship you cannot fail.
Wishing you all success,
I am, Yours in red,
R-- G--, Washington
1or
Burley. Idaho, July 22, 1916
\1r. R. K. Williams, Llano, Cal.
Dear Comrade: I received your welcome feller sometime ago, but was
busy of late, so excuse any delay of answering sooner.
I am still in the ring and am doing good work for Llano. I am sending
in quite a lot of applications and am expecting before this fall
l o have quite a few more added to my list. I expect to leave for Llano
after the November election, and if all goes well I will take quite a few
with me overland by auto. So you can be prepared to look out for quite
,, few from Idaho.
Hoping to hear from you again, I remain as ever,
Your friend and comrade,
A.
s.
L.-
The mailing list of THE WESTERN COMRADE reads like an advanced
11nd thoroughly up-to-date geography these days. And as we read Alaska,
Panama, Vancouver, B. C., Montreal, and Quebec, Costa Rico, A. C.,
cotland, sanwiched in between every slate in the Union, from Florida
to Maine on the eastern coast, then in a straight line west as far as
the Hawaiian Islands, we feel that we are covering considerable ground.
The hearty goodwill and earnest wishes expressed for the success of
the COMRADE in its mission of spreading good news of the practical
working out of co-operation among those who haye not had a chance to
try it in the capitalist world, are a constant spur to our best endeavors
in building it up to be the finest magazine to be found anywhere. The
feeling that exists among our subsc.ribers is bound to spread a network
of thought across the world that will surely have a tremendous effect
towards bringing about that freedom we are all striving to. allain.
PEARSON'S WILL · BE ILLUSTRATED
Beginning with the September ·number Pearson's will become an illustrated magazine. Cost of production will necessary be increased as the
magazine is improved.
·
In view of these facts the management bas decided to withdraw on
• ovember 1st the fifty eenl certificates by means of which Pearson's hao
been subscribed for at the rate of $1.00 a. year.
.
The withdrawal of these certificates also means that on and after
1 o ember 1st all dubbing rates will be raised.
uhscribe NOW and get THE WESTERN COMRADE and PEARSON'S
EMANUEL JULIUS
"THE PEST';
"ADOLESCENCE" and "SLUMMING"
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Gives vou a laugh and an idea tied up m the .
same package.
Three Clever Plays
Something to smile at when you read, or to roar
at when you see them played-yet they'll give
you something to ponder over, too.
Eugene V. Debs says of Emanuel Juliu:
He has a most interesting style and all of his matter has
life in it and pith, and appeals strongly to the reader.
You'll make it a great deal stronger than that when you've
read "THE PEST," one of the most lucid, straight.from·the
shoulder things ever put into print. The others are jUJt
as good and they all come in the same little booklet. They
are all one-act production• and can be put on by ord·
.. inary people with good effect.
Anyway, it is worth having in the house juat a• prop·
aganda.
PRICE TEN CENTS
THE WESTERN COMRADE. LLANO, CAL.
both for $1.00 a ;rear.
[
Main 619
Home A Z003
Tdq:hone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN &. LEVIN
~
_d_es.__CaL_-J
·- 92
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__
i"_sBI
_IDI
_·Ic5Dg
--A:-ttn-noeJS- •I_I.a_w_ ._Los
__
A . J. STEVENS
DENTIST
306 South Broadway, Los Angeles. CaL
Room Sl4
�Thirty
T he
W e s te r n C o m r a d e
Emanuel Julius and The Comrade
Remarkable Remarks
LL who know of the writings of Emanuel Julius will be
glad to know that he is now to write for the WESTERN
COMRADE.
Everyone who has read Emanuel Julius short sketches which
appeared in The Sunday Call and other publications recognizes in him a masterful satirist whose originality in phrasing
cuts like a two edged sword the thing he is exposing to
ridicule.
In this little volume of plays Julius excels himself. Julius
never did like modern made-to-order fiction and much less
did he like their guilty perpetrators who turn out novels on a
piece work basis at so much 'a word. And in "The Pest" he
takes this type of novelist whom he quite appropriately names
Mr. Ten-Cents-A-Word and keeps him on the gridiron for
quite a while to the utter delight _of his . readers.
The booklet contains two other amusing playlets entitled
"Slumming" and "Adolescence." In the first of these, Julius
makes the wealthy pampered lady who believes it her social
duty to go " slumming" take a dose of her own medicine. The
tables a re 'turned. Instead of her doing the_ "slumming"
one of the slum proletarians comes into her house on a
"slumming" expedition.
And the dialogue that takes place
provokes roaring laughter. In the latter playlet Julius with
stilleto-like satire pierces the melodramists who write the
"Broadway" plays.
This little volume can be secured from The Western
Comrade, Llano, Cal. , for Ten Cents.
Co-operation, if it means anything, means the most perfect and comprc
hensive organization of industries, the most precise and business-lib
methods in their operation, and the most adequate policing and control
of the powers so organized and operated, to the end that none may be
oppressed, and that the !ina! result may be a co-sharing by. the workers.
-Clinton Bancroft.
A
A Matter of Taste;-Someone asked Mr. Kilmer about the rabbit,
the other day. He has several varieties there. and the questione1
wanted to know which variety is considered best. Before he had time
to reply one of the boys from the Sierra Madre school piped up with
"We like fried rabbit best up at our colony."
NOT A SQUATIER
Bert Engle slowly dictated to a stenographer :
" Grantor's description of the lands by metes and bounds is nol sufficient.*'
This is what she wrote:
" Granto r's description of the land by leaps and bounds is not suffi cient."
A SOLID FOUNDATIOI'!
It has been said that armies march on their hollies. Doubtless this is
a metaphor and can readily be understood. It may he true. The famous
Squib case. much quo ted by lawyers. soemed to have depended on the
same foundation.
_
ln his plea the at torney said ; " Lik"'\·isc in this. in~lt\nC<' the explosion
of the blast naturally produced the mental slate of fri~ht . the fright
the faint , the faint the fall , the fall the frac ure of the abdominal wall
upon which the plaintiff ros ts her cause for ac tion."
What L Ian o Women Do
<continued from page 24)
and models remarkably well. Mrs. Burwell also keeps busy the rooms and see that everything is in order within the
in the rug shop, filling orders for rugs for which there is a rooms and in the hall.
constant demand.
The ladies who play in the orchestra are: Mrs. M. G.
One of the important branches of our municipal life, the Buxton, Mrs. F. Gallup, Miss Floy Hill , and Miss Miller ; also
library, a branch of the Los Angeles County Library, contain- others.
ing more than 1800 volumes, is efficiently presided over by
Mrs. John E. Shafer, in addition to her duties as stenogMrs. Mathewson. Under her direction the library has increased rapher in the office, has a big class of young women as pupils.
in size and importance. The library reading room is ever the Misses Mathewson, Warriner, Hill, Richardson. Alice Nestpopular. Occasional assistance is required and help is eagerly ler and Mrs. Whitzel. These young women when finished, will
proffered by young women willing to engage in this work. be able to take their part in the ever increasing office work and
We now come to the backbone of the ranch, the eatinp: assist in many ways the upbuilding of the colony.
establishment or hotel. From 80 to 125 meals are served
The two Mrs. Pearceys are actively engaged in garden
three times a day. The culinary department is presided work. in which they are interested and get much enjoyment
over by Mrs. julia Forrest, assisted by Mrs. Clara Robinson therefrom.
The kitchen at the Tilghman ranch , now the property of
and Miss. Louise Valek. Frequently additions to this force by
women of the colony is given. Mrs. Allen, in addition to the the colony will be soon opened and in readiness to accomwork of running a cleaning and repairing establishment for modate the men employed in that vicinity. It will be under
the colony, volunteers her services in the kitchen and relieves the care and direction of Mrs. Irwin , who will have several
those in charge of much tedious aR£1 hard work. Mrs. New- women to help in the work.
All know that getting three regular meals daily and the
man, now on vaction in the south. presided over the kitchen
for a long time. In addition to the women in the kitchen. thousand attentions to household duties are exacting beyond
expression. Women are our best optimists.
several men assist in preparing and serving meals.
The hotel dining room. where meals are served has a full
A visitor can stop at homes in the colony and receive a
corps of young women of the colony, who set the tables, pre- welcome, an explanation of the colony's activities, and an
sideat the cafeteria, serve the tables, and wait on the ten tables expression of confidence in the future of this, the greatest
which seat eight people each. Those now on duty are: Mrs. co-operative effort.
R. K .Williams in charge, jeanette Gilbert, Lillian Gilbert,
Not all the women have been mentioned who are engaged
Estella Allen, Adeleen Forrest, Minnie Forrest, Agnes Smith, in necessary work about the ranch. The keeping of the home
with Jimmie Ratcliff and Vernie Allen as substitutes, and and caring for children and keeping up an optimistic frame
~ind are just as important as some of the more public
Minnie Musselman now on a vacation.
The upstairs department of the hotel is under Mrs. L. 0. work. The housewife is seldom given consideration, because
Wright and Mrs. Margaret Saunders, who are taking care of her work is routine and not generally seen.
�Elkskin Boots and Shoes
FACTORY OPERAtED IN CONNEcrtO
PRICE UST
10-inch &.-Is ...........$6.00
Men's· IZ-inch Boob ............7.00
Men's 15-inch Boots ...............8.00
Ladieo IZ-inch Boots .............. 6.00
Ladies' 15-inch Boots ............ .7.00
Men's Elk Work Shoes .......... ..4.00
Men's Elk Dress shoes ..... ...5.00
Ladies' Elk Shoes ................. .4.00
lnfanl ; Elk Shoes, I to 5........ 1.50
Child's Elk Shoes, 5Yz to 8 ..... .2.00
Child' o Elk Shoes, 1~'y2 to I 1....2.50
Miucs' and Youtlu', IIYz to 2, 3.00
HOW TO MEASURE
Place stocking fool on paper,
drawing pencil around shape of the
fool. Pass tape around at ankle,
instep, lop of boot, and over the
loe&, without drawing tight. Gi ve
size U!l' :i• worn.
Wlrl'H LlANO DEl!. RIO tEli!.Q
Ideal Footwear for Ranchers
and Outdoor Men
T
HE Famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and easiest for solid eomfort
and will outwear three pairs of ordinary shoes.·
We cover all lines from ladies'. men's and children's button or IMe in
light handsome patterns to high boots for mountain , hunting, ranching, or d aert
wear. Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take measurements according to ipatruationa.
Out of town shoes made immediately on receipt of order. Send P.O. order And
state whether we shall forward by mail or express.
Sales Department
Llano ·del Rio Company.
Llano, Cal.
BILLY . GOATS
For Sale
For Sale
Thoroughbred Swiss
Berkshire Boars of
PEOIOREE!D
Milk-strain Stock
Pedigreed Parentage
The e -ail'e llihe world's best millkii:ng strain. and
~l'eedeir.s <Of m11~ goall:s wi!l find one of lllhese
ih-eahihy, pu~e Mot!>ded youn·gs er:s a paying mvestrm-e))~, WITlite l!iGr p:rioe ard lful]er ,paJJilliou'laJr.-s Ito
Ge~11ge If. PiidktellJt, c'f l !'he
Big. :sru.!J'dy ,stocJk .of pro3:i:U-c. ~ ftird!hl, ~
animal! is gua!lacteed tt!il !be m~rife9t ~ #Dd
of purest IM.OO!l &itra fu!_e lbr~~J'JS, Our §W:ck
liLA 0 DIEl. RIO COLONY
ILJLAINO DElL !RIO CO!LO Y
JLa~arn((l),
Call.
ns
lUllS.Ul;pa:ssed.,
u
;a ID\0. ·C<~~.IL
j
�What Have You Saved?
Have you any definite plan for the future? Do you still think you can beat the game, that you can attain
a secure position through your own individual efforts? Can you still hope that you are going to get ahead?
Each year sees you a little older, a little less able to win against the tremendous odds with which you are
confronted. Figure your earnings during the last ten years and see how much you have received, and what you
have left of it.
Ask Yourself These Questions:
In all the years you have worked and striven, what have you gained? What have you to show for it? What
assurance have you that you will be able to keep what you have? What has the future to offer you? Do you
like the way things are going? Have you any hope of doing better?
These are things for you to consider. If you have a family, they are the all-important consideration. Do
you want your boys and girls to go through the same uncertainty, the same unnecessary trials and tribulations
that you have gone through"?
Installment Payments in the Llano del Rio Colony
Are Better Than-- LIFE INSURANCE
You don't need to worry about sickness, about unemployment, about losing your home, about loss of wages.
about providing for your old age, about securing an
education for your children.
A membership in the Llano del Rio Colony is the
best security and insurance in the world.
- CASUALTY INSURANCE
- BUILDING AND LOAN INVESTMENTS
- SPECULATIVE INVESTMENTS
- BUYING A HOME
- PUTTING MONEY IN THE BANK
"Living" Insurance For Your Family
Your payments now on a . membership are your pay-
Dollar policy in the Llano del Rio Colony is a mem-
ments on a "living insurance" policy. Not life insurance that you get when you die, but life insurance
bership for life, carrying the best insurance the world
has ever known.
It not only insures YOU but it
that you get while you are alive.
A One Thousand
insures your entire fam ily. It is real pr~tection.
Look at it from a business standpoint and learn what it is worth to you. NOWHERE ON EARTH CAN
BUY SO MUCH FOR YOUR MONEY. START YOUR PURCHASE NOW!
Yuu
SEND FOR FREE ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET "THE GATEWAY TO FREEDOM"
ADDRESS:
Llano del Rio Company
Journal Building
OF
NEVADA
Reno, Nevada
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-06/07
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
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Double Issue
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-06/07
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n02-03_191606-07
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2018-07-31
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n02-03
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
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https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/16a314bb80250f8cbe4fed7e31640255.pdf
c3f8bb40a728d0a483ffe406a5c84bca
PDF Text
Text
),~·~·
t,
1(.
·'
4 lfi(
�THE GATEWAY TO FREEDOM
Through Co-operative Action
T
HE name of the Nevada Colony Corporation has been changed to t he LLANO DEL RIO COMp A 1Y OF NEVADA. This has been done in order to conform to the name of the only colony
enterprise in which we are interested-the LLANO DEL RIO CO-OPERA'l'IVE COLONY situated in L os Angeles County, California.
We are not interested in any colonization enterprise in Nevada, or any other state out ide of
California. Another important change has been made in that we have decided to issue our former
contracts instead of the one we offer ed as t he Nevada Colony Cor poration. This makes t he ter ms of
membership much easier on the members. Instead of asking $2,500 for member hips, we have decided to continue on the $2,000 b_asis. This requires the member to pay $1,000 as the initial f ee, and
to work out the remaining 1,000 shares at t he Colony, at the rate of only one doll ar per day instead of
two do lla rs per day. Outstanding contracts will be changed to conform to this when requested.
Following is the plan to which we have r eturned: each share-holder agrees to buy 2,000 share
of capital stock. Each pays in cash or installments, $1 ,000. Each pays in labor, $1,000. Each r eceives
a daily wage of $4, from which is deduct ed one dollar for the stock he is working out. l<'rom the
l'cmainder comes his living expenses. 'Whatever margin he may have above deduction for stock and
living expenses is credited to his .individual account, payable from t he surplus profits in the enterprise. l f an installment member falls ill, is disabled or disemployed, t he Colony gives him every
opportuni ty to recover and r esume payments. In no case will he he crowded. If he f inds it impossible
to resume payments, we will , upon r equest, issue stock for t he full amount he has paid. 'l' his is
1J·ansferahl c and may he sold to his best advantage. In t his we will undertake to assist wher ever
pr-acticable. Co1·porations ar e not allowed by law to deal in t heir own stock.
'l'hc LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY is interested in only one magazine- THE WESTERN
COl\IRADE. This is an illustrated monthly magazine devoted to t he cause of co-operation and Socialism. It has hccn issued by the Colony since its inception. Joh Harriman, founder of the LLANO DEL
RIO COMMUNITY, is the managing editor . THE WESTERN COl\:m ADE is the only magazine that
we guarantee will print stories in each issue covering the activities at the LLANO DEL RIO COMl\IUNJ'l'Y. The subscription price is fifty cents p er year, clubs of four, twenty-five cents a year,
You are urged to read t he following with g reat care. It will give you much information concerning a colony two years old, with a r ecord of wonderful achievement and success.
W
El have an abundance of sparkling water from
mountain streams sufficient to irrigat e thousands of fertile acres where natu re's bounty is
limitless. We a re conducting a great agricultural, horti cultural, stockraising ente rpr ise. We have a number of
industr ial plants operating and a numbe r of other s projected. We have nearly 800 residents at the new city of
Lla no and thousands of other s are planning to make it
the ir home in the future. Th ere are excellent schools,
among them a wonderful Montessori school which takes
cha rge of the children at t wo years of age. Schools
ra nge from this to the high school.
Write today for an application blank, fill it out and
send together with a remittan ce of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then a rrange to pay
$10 a month or more until you can so adjust your affairs
that you can make your final payment and join your
com rades who have already borne the first brunt of
pioneering.
The climate is delightful, the soil fertile. the water
pure a nd the social life grows more ideal as the colony
increases in numbers.
Sound Fin a nci n g Nece ssar y
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to r esidence at the colony upon the payment of UO.OO or any other sum
Jess than the initial payment fee. Hundreds write
and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or
in some cases, nothing at all, then enter the colony a nd
work out the r emainder on their shares. If ~he colony
permitted this there would soon be a hundred thousand
applications. ·
The m oney derived from these Initial payments is
used to pay for land, improvements, machinery and to
carry on t he enter prise u ntil it is on a paying basis.
It takes consider able time to bring a large agricultural
undertaking to a productive point. The colony must
proceed on sound financia l lines in order to continue
its present success. This fact must be obvious to all.
Th e management of th e Liane, del Rio Community has
never been unmindfu l of th e fact that there Is a numberless a rm y that cannot take advantage of this plan
of co-operation. Man y letters come in that breathe
bitter a nd deep disappointment. No one cou ld regret
this more than we do. It Is our hope that the day will
come when successful co -ope ative gr oups can say to
their stripped, robbed and exploited brothers: "You
who come with willing hands and understanding of com radeship and co-operation are welcome." The Installment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a month
is proving satisfactory. On this plan the absent comrade is providing for the future while his brothers and
sister s on the land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering the Colony begin to draw
from the commissary. Some of the food, a ll the cloth ing, much of th e material they draw, costs money, The ·
ini t ial membership fee goes to offset the support of
families until the colony shall be on a paying bas is.
Import a n t Que s tion s Answere d
W
HEN a member of the colon y dies his shares and
c redits, like any other property, go to his
heirs. Only Caucasians are admitted. W e have
had applications from Negroes, Hin dus, Mongolians and
�Malays. The rejection of these applications are not due fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of
to race prejudice but beca.u se it is not deemed expe- the enterprise are conducted by the Board of Directors
dient to mix the races in these communities.
who are elected by the stockholders. The corporation
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern by-Jaws are the stereotyped corporation by -Jaws of
Pacific Railroad. All household goods and other shipalmost every state. The only innovation is in the rements should be consigned to the name of the owner, stricting of anyone ·from voting more than 2000 shares
Palmdale, California, care Llano Colony. Goods will of stock, regardless of how many shares are held. As
be stored in the colony's warehou se until ordered moved this is to be the ultimate holding of every member, this
to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise Is considered a strong protective clause. The incorporathey cannot be moved and storage or demurrage may . tion charter is also the usual type and gives the corbe charged. Freight transportation between the colony
poration the right to transact almost all manner of busiand the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers ness. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe,
are carried in the colony's auto stages. In shipping and well construed. There is no disposition on the part
household goods, it will be well to ship only lighter of state officials to interfere.
goods. Cook stoves, refrigerators and heavy articles
s hould not be s hipped from points wh er e freight rates
Community ·M anagement
are high.
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a r emarkIndividuals may own their own automobiles and
able form of management that is the r esult of evo many colonists do own t hem. All livestock. poultry, etc.,
lution. The managem ent of the affairs of the colare kept in the departments devoted to those industries.
The aim is to k eep the residence portion of the s:olony ony industries are in the hands of the various depar tm ent manage rs. There a re about twenty-five of these
clean and sanitar y.
departments and in each department there are divisions.
some of these divis ions a re for emen. All these are
Declaration of Principles Over
selected fo r th eir experience and fitness for t he position.
N conducting the a ffairs of the Llano del Rio Com- At the managers' m eeting as many per sons as can crowd
munity it has been found that the fewer inflexible in the room are always pref;ent. These m eetings are
rules and r egulations the gr eater the harmony. In- held every night and they a re unique in that no motions
stead of an elaborate constitution and a set of laws the are ever made, no resolutions adopted and n o minutes
colonists have a Declaration of P rinciples a nd they live a r e k ept. THE LAST ACTION ON ANY MATTER
up to the spiri t of them. The declaration follows:
SUPERCEDES ALL FORMER ACTION AND THIS
Things which are used productively must be owned STANDS UNTIL THE PLANS ARE CHANGED. The
colle cti vely.
plan is working most admirably and smoothly. At these
The ri ghts of the Community shall be pa ramount over nightly meetings the work for the n ext day is planned,
thos e of any individual.
teams a re a llotted, workers ar e shifted to the point
Liber ty of action is only permissible wh en it does where the needs are gr eatest, and machinery is put on
not restrict the liberty of another.
designated work, transportation is a rra nged, wants are
Law is a r estriction of liberty and is only just when
mad e known and filled as near as practicable. Th e
operating for the beD,I'fit of the Commu nity a t la rge.
Board of. Directors , members of which · are elected by
Values created by the Community shall be vested in the stockholder s, meets once a week and has charge of
the Community a lone.
the financial and business management of the enterprise.
Th e indi vidua l is not justly e ntitled to more land These directors are on the sam e basis as a ll t heir· com than is s ufficient to satisfy a reasonable desire for peace ra des in the colony. At the general assembly all persons
a nd r est. Productive land held for profit shall not be over e ighteen years of age, residing in t he colony, have
held by private ownership.
·
a voice and vote.
Talent and intelli gen ce a r e gifts which should rightl y
be used in the service of others. The de velopment of
these b y e ducation is the gift of the Community to the What Colonists Escape
HE electric light bill, the water bill, the telephon e
individual, a nd the exer cise of greater ability entitles
bill, the gas bill, the ice bill, th e coal bill, the docnone to the false rewards of greater possessions, but
tor's bill, the drug bill, the dentist's bill, the school
only to the joy of gr eater service to others.
Only by identifying his interest s a nd pleasures with book and school s upplies bill, th e sewer assessmen t bill,
th e drain of str eet car fare . the annoyan ce of the back
those of others can man find r eal happiness.
The duty of th e individual to the community is to door ped dler and begger (Henry Dubbs who think the
develop ability to the greatest degree possible by avail - trouble is individual ha rd luck ), the hundred and one
ing him self of a ll educa t ional facilities and to de vote greater a nd s maiJer burdens on the householder, and the
long Jean weeks caused by disemployment and the cont he whole extent of that ability to the service of all.
The duty of the individual to the Community is to sequent fear of the future. T here is no landlord and
administer justice. to elimina te gr eed a nd selfishness, no r en t is charged.
While they are charged with Ji ving exp~nses, for food
to educate a ll and to aid any in time of a ge or misan d clothin g, the Colonists nev er fear meeting the grofor tu ne.
cery bill, th e milk bill, the clot hing bill, the laundry bill,
the butcher's bill and the other inevitable and multi 'Constitution and By - Laws' tudinous
bills that burden the struggling workers in the
ANY person s w ho want to know h.ow the affair s of outside world. For th e taJr bill h e has no fear. The
the Llimo del Rio Community a r e conduct ed think, Colony officials attend to the details of aiJ overhead. To
in order to get this information, they mus t secure his. the amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, entertainments a nd all educational facili ties are free.
a copy of a constitution. and by-Jaws. There is no conTh e Directors of the company are: Job Harriman,
stitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a
"declaration of principles" which is printed on this page president ; Fra nk E. Wolfe, vice-president ; G. P . McCorkle, treasurer ; C. M. Cason, auditor ; F. P. McMahon,
of this magazine. The management of the Colony rests
vice -president ; W . A. Engle, secretar y; D. J. Wilson,
with the Board of Managers, a member of which is the
vice- pr esiden t; A. F. Snell and Emma J. Wolfe.
superintendent. These m anagers are selected for their
T
I
T
M
Address aiJ communications and make all paym e nts to the
LLANO ·DEL RIO COMPANY OF NEVADA, !\~~Dq
�Information About the
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
Llano, California
T
HIS is the greatest Community EnterpTise
ever launched in America.
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and
is situated in the beautiful Aritelope Valley, Los
Angeles County, California, a few hours ' ride
from Los Angeles. The community is solving the
problem of diseinployment and i:Jusiness failure,
and offers a way to provide for. the future welfare of the workers and their families.
H ere is an example of co-operat.i on in action.
Llano del Rio Colony is an enterprise unique in
the history of community groups.
It was established in· an attempt to solve the
problem of unemployment by providing steady
employment for the workers ; to assure safety and
comfort for the future and for old age; to guarantee education for the children in the best school
under personal supervision, and to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be
found in the competitive world.
Th ere arc about 800 persons living at the new
town of Llano. There are now more than 200
pupils in the schools, and several hundred are
expect ed to be enrolled before a year shall have
passed. Plans are under way for a school building, which will cost several thousand dollars. The
bonds have been voted and sold' and there is
nothing to delay th e buildin g.
Schools have opened with classes ranging from
the Montessori and kindergarten grades through
the intermediate, which includes the first year in
hi gh school. This gives the pupils an opportunity to take advanced subj ects, in cluding languages in the colony school.
The colony owns a fi ne herd of 105 head of
J ersey and Holstein dairy cattle and is turning
out a large amount of dairy products. There is
steady demand for our output.
There are many thousand grape cuttings in the
ground and thousands of deciduous fruit and
shade trees in the colony nursery. This department is being steadily extended.
The community owns several hundred colonies
of bees which are producing honey. This department will be increased to several thousands.
Several tons of honey are on hand.
Among other industries the colony owns a
steam laundry, a planing mill, large modern sawmill, a printing plant, a machine shop, a tannery,
a rug and carpet weaving plant, and a number of
other productive plants are contemplated, among
them a cannery, an ice plant, a shoe factory, knitting and weaving plant, a motion picture company and factory. All of this machinery is not
yet set up owing to the stress of handling the
crops.
Th e Llano Community recently purchased a part
of t he San Gabriel forest reser ve f rom the United
States government. It has been estimated that
nearly 1,000,000 fee t of lumber can be obtained
from this land.
The colonists are farming on a large scale with
the use of modern machinery, using scientific syst em and tried methods.
About 120 acres of garden was planted last
year . 'fhis year t he garden is being enlarged to
more than twice this size.
Social life in t he colony is most delightful.
Ent ertainments and dances are r egularly established fun ctions. Baseball, basket-ball, tennis,
swimming, fishing, hunting and all other sports
and pastimes are popular with all ages.
Several hundred acr es are now in alfalfa, which
is expected to run six cuttif;lgs of heavy hay this
season. There are two producing orchards and
about one hundred acres of young pear trees.
The colony has seventy-five work horses, two
large tractor s, three trucks and a number of au-·
More t han 26,000 2-year-old fruit trees were set
tomobilcs. Th e pou ltry department hal'! 1000 egg- out this spring. Th ese are, for the most part, pears,
making birds, some of them blue ribbon prize peaches and apples.
winners. This department, as all others, is in the
S ix hundred and forty acres have been set aside
charge of an expert and it will expand rapidly .
for a site for a city. The building department is
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry making bricks for the construction of hundreds
and the manager of th e department says the ar- of homes. The city will be the only one of its
rivals are in startling numbers.
kind in th e world . It will be built with the end of
being beautiful and utilitarian.
There are over 200 hogs in the pens, and among
them a large number of good brood sows. This
A large lime kiln is now running, and there is
department will be given special attention and enough lime in a n earby hill, owned by the colony,
ranks high in importance.
to build their proposed city.
�CONT/ENTS
Page
7
Editoria ls
~Y
J ob Harriman .
10
\\' estfi eldian Infidelity
By Jo hn D equer.
Th e W od;:ing Hypoth esis
." 11
B.'· .-\ Cons ta nt Associa te.
12
En' ry Day Is Mother 's Da y
By Ed mun d
n.
Brumba ug h.
1.'h e New Impossibilism
. 13
By Fra nk E. Wolfe.
Anniversary Day At I .. lano ·
B)·
r:.
K . 'Villl a m s .
What Two Yea rs Have \Vl'Ou ght
. 18
B)· E rn est S. ' Vocst e r.
20
Co-operation at Llano
By l! . K . . ,Yillia ms.
:\Iill vill e Preparedn ess
. 23
By C"Ja ru n. C ushm a n.
2-t
Song of th e Submarin e
By G eor ge M a uri cio.
Sla ve or l\-Iaste r
B.r -.G ~o r ge
G ib bons.
Jungle Jottings
.
-·
')..,
28
By Ema nu e l ,.Juliu s .
Colony Couri er
29
Smart Smattet·in gs
30
�•
.·
,.
The Slave
..
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
·m
~
~i.EW YORK
_ __________________________________
o _e v_o_te_d__t_o_ th
_ _e__c_a_u_ae__o_f __
th_e__w
__or_k_e_ra~~fR~~~tr~~r·~· ~,~~~~n'~~,7'~-----------Co· operation
·l l ~ ':, ~!\~ -::1:::.
r\ I
Direct Action
,!.'
~llt lcal Act ion
VOL. IV
LOS ANGELES, CAL., MAY, 1916
~s fo~t\~~:'l"
NUMBER 1
o~~======c================~~==~~~~~~~~~~~~FR~.~~.~~~~~~L~~~~~=
19 17
E
D
I
T
0
R
I
-A
L
s
"WE are after 0. A. 'l'veitmoe ,
grow. H e knows bow heavy is t he
By Job Harriman
hut we have no eYidence. ''
burden t hat r ests on the shoulders of
This was t he statement of \\'oolwin e in his talk be- t he poor, and he h ears .the groap.s, and knows the
fo re t he jury in the Caplan case.
pains of the millions of poor men, wom en and chil'· No evidence," and yet, " we are after him." dren as they stagger on under this crushing burden,
Thet·e ,,-as " no evid ence·" against 'l'veitmoe in the in pover ty, hunger and dirt. Knowing and seein g
lnui anapolis case, and yet th e jury convicted him. it all, he has made up his mind to help organize the
Th e l:nited States Circu it Court set th e verdict poor, to help them throw off their burden ; to help
:~s id e on t he ground t hat ther e wa s " no evidence"
t he sufferin g millions to conserve their ener gy and
tu sustain the v ill ain ous verdict.
to li ve each fo r all and all for each.
Judge Ander son, Distri ct Judge at Indianapolis,
'l'h1s is why th e capitalists and their hirelings
"-as" a fte r h im, " kno"·ing th er e was " no evid ence." ''are after him'' with ''no evidence.''
l t " ·as hi s vicious treatment of 'l'veitmoe in open
Js it not t ime t he workin g class, and especially
\·ourt that caused th e jury to convict.
the union men and the Socialists, wer e learning who
:\Iiller, Uni ted States District Attorn ey, was" after is t heir f t·iend 1
him " with " no eYidence."
+ + +
Otis rs, and fo r fifteen years has been, "after S URE, Mrs. Robert Li ggett is right -in her posih im " with "no evid ence."
tion t hat "wealthy women should not bear chilThe l\ferchants' and l\'lanufaeturers ' Association of dren. " Why should they bring children into the
the Pacifi c Coast. and t he Erectors ' Association ar e world who a re taught that it is a disgrace to work,
" after him" with "no evid ence."
and who only eat and drink and absorb the wealth
Is it not time that th e working men were learning produ ced by th e poor?
who is their f riend ?
+ + +
Why are th ey after him ?
THE smoke of the battle in the South is clearing
'l'veitmoe is r ecognized by friend and foe as on e
away, while the clouds are dark and lowering
of the most capable men in the American Labor in t he north.
movement. J n labor troubles his judgment is un Th e scene of the North ern struggle is in Detroit.
rrrin g. As a general, he has no supet·ior. H e is at Roosevelt, the unique champion at once of war and
once a statesman, a politician, a general and a student p eace ( ?) went forth to that city with his politiof politi cal and economic sci ence. H e knows equally cal sword in hand, his hrow knit, his lips distended,
\Yell th e psychology of both the working class and and his t eeth set in th e grip of his iron jaw, as
<·apitali st class. H e knows how avaricious are the he growled : " W e shall have p eace, but first we
r·ic h, and with what heartl ess tyranny and brutality sha ll fight. "
It is said t hat he had on his 1\igh-top boots ready
they treat the poor. H e knows that the rich acquire
th eir power by sapping the poor of their ilnergy to l<i ck or strike or bite Ford , as occasion r equired.
t hrough labor. H e knows that for this energy · an His great, fat paws were in condition to give his
r quivolent is not r endered. H e knows that their antagonist a ferocious swat. His growling and
win es and sweet meats, th eir pajaces and diamonds, snarling anJ snapping indi cated that his fangs were
the ir silks, th eit· broadcloth and satins ar e all pur- in .excell ent trim. His violent ki cking placed him in
chased by the blood mon ey taken from the poor. th e class of the stiff-necked and long-eared generaAnd what is worse, he knows that the very ener gy tion .
that is taken from the poor is the power by which
A uniqu e p eace animal is this--with his large
t hey ar e coer ced . H e knows that labor produces paws, his ferocious fangs and his ironed hoofs. As
all wealth ; t hat a part of the product is used by the a peace angel the monster would look better in
rich with which to pay taxes. He knows that th e pieces than in conglomerate form. What a hearttax mon ey is used to pay the judges, the police, th e such a monster must have! War; because he is
militia, the st anding army, and to finance the legis- ambitious for military glory. P eace--because he is
lature while they make the laws. H e knows that ambitious for political preferment. His peace nothese laws are made by reas.o n of this influ ence, to tions are terribly ripped and run down at the heel,
protect the institutions out of which these privil eges but his hat is still in the ring.
�8
T .h e We s tern Comrade
THERE arc three distinct factions in the ·world "mere faction meets the national po"·er, it must go
Labor Mov ement. One is purely political , one down in defeat. Its w eakness, likewise, begets
is purely economi c, and the oth er both political and despair, the practi cal men tend to withclt-aw and
eco nomi c. lt is by th e latter that we find substan- the fanatics r emain in charge of affairs. The tentia l, constru ctiv e work bein g done and from ·it that dency towar·d fanaticism is, howeYer, less mal'lied in
we may ex pect acceptabl e r esults of great magnitude. this than in the political faction.
Th e two form er factions tend to deyelop th e same
These three factions r epresent th e work ers.
psy<:IJOlogy- nam cly fanaticism-among their memActing together , politically and economically, they
ship, but for Yery different r easons. :
could take and hold any state in th e union. Th ey
Th Py both invar iably ask th e same. qu estion , that could pass laws legalizing th eir o"·n institutions.
ts: "Do you beli eve in politi cal act ion or dir·ec t 'fhis 'vould place th e power of go.v ernrncnt back .
ad ion 'I " 11' th ey could only ask: " Do yo·u be- of th em and th eir institutions and th eir enemies
l icv1· in pol iti ea l action and direct action 1" they would soon be known as th e violators of law and
would no t only unit e their forces, but th ey would order.
Th e· industri al organizations are forced by conalso unite with th em the third fact ion , which combinations would be a tremendous, if 11ot irresistibl e ditions into action for srlf-protection. 'fhcy should
rx t end their activities into th e polit ical field and
wol"id-"·id e workin g-c lass power.
'l'his, ho,,·c vcr·, will not happen un til , hy its effi- . seize every source of po" ·cr.
Fanati cism has a na rrow fi eld and its days arc ·
eiPncy. the p oli t ic·a l ani economic g roup shall demonstrate the wi sdom of its com·sc and abso rb th e number ed.
+ + +
other groups. Unfo rtun ately, th e psychology of
a large factio n is no t as easily chan ged as is a con- LOOK at it squar e 111 th e fal'e. Don't hid e your
eyes. but look.
junction.
] 2.000,000 men dead , dying and wound ed.
Th e psy chology of the purely politi cal fact ion
]2,000,000 women without abl e-bodi ed husbands.
tends to develop fa nati cs, because it is a matter
Polyga my is now advocated in Europ e.
of words and no t of actions, and because it is not
Cut the hearts out of the " ·omen, t ear th em out by
vitally connected with any gr eat industrial or economi c mo vement whi ch is held in th e fight and the roots; th ry are no longer moth ers.
anchored in th e storm by evet·-pres<:nt and persistent
Cut th e hearts out oft he men, petrify them; th ey
mat eria 1 interests and m ccssiti cs. The politicai fac- arc no longer fathers.
Pi ck out yout· strongest, most brutal men , stand
tion, therefore, has 110 source fro m whi ch to draw
great cohes ive powet' ; hence, ho"·cver lat·ge. it is them and bring soulless litters into th e world. Th ey
essentially weak. W eakn ess begets despair among must not be children. They must be so.l diers, born
th e memb ership, drives the pract ical man away from . to shoot, and kill, and murd er their fellows.
th e organization , leaves th e doctrin a ire ·i n charge
Th ey must not hav e hea l'ts, lest they love th eir
of affairs and gives him a chance to persist in his fellow men and r efuse to murd er.
\¥ill the wom en of Europe subm it to t his brutal
fanaticism.
Th e psychol ogy of the purely economi c mov ement assault for military purposes, or will they turn to
t ends to develop its th eory of direc t action, along Socialism for help 1
Come, yc ·who arc weary and ·h eaYy-lad en , and we
the lin e of sabotage.
Th e destru ction of property is so directly in viol a- will give you r est.
+ '+ +
tion of every human instinct and every institution
now establish ed or to be establish ed by th e capital- p R.EP ARIEDNESS for conquest and preparedness
fo r defensive purposes are very different propist class, or any other class, that it instantly arouses
and causes to be mobilized the power of government ositions.
for its suppression.
The 'on e means an enormous initial outlay, coupled
This faction forgets that every able-bodi ed man with a heavy fix ed charge and no substantial r estands, with all his power, ready to enforce th e turns.
law. 'fhe men of this faction may even be call ed
Th e oth er necessitates an equal initial 'o utlay, with
upon by conscription to suppress themselves, espe- pra ctically no fix ed charge but with large substancially if this . call were backed by popular opinion. tial r eturns.
The entire power of the nation is back of every law
Prepat·edness for conquest calls for hundreds of
and every ordinance. 'When, by its sabotage, a millions for a fleet and an inexhaustible treasury to
�·.
The
Weste ~ n
support a marine f orce.and a standing armyfor the most part in idleness, debauchery and
1lcgeneraey. l\len ·go rapidly to hell when they
haYe neither wives nor work. Strong, ablebodied, well-fed , idle bachelors soon b ecome a
~tagnant pool. Its putrid, festering stagnation
!"eeus upon an d consumes the new r ecruits. 'I he
morale of its cu·mies is the world 's gt·eat est
shame. Procreation is nature's command and
"·ltatever ins.t it ution viofat es this man.d ate mora lly r ots and perishes in its own put ridity.
P reparedness fo r defense calls for millions of
,loll ars fo r fo rts, and fot· rifles, with which ·to
arm eYery cit izen of t he count ry. Shall t hey
11ut be at"mcd ~
·\\' h y 11ot arm t he Republicans and D emocrats
a nd dispense with our presen t degraded, depra Yed, out-of-date and cxpensiYe military mat: hinc?
\ Vhy not '1 P lain enough ! Th e government
is afr·a id of an a rmed citizenship.
·
Who is t he governm ent ? lt.is our millionaire
··la ss. That class owns ·th c trusts, t he r a ilroads,
t he newspapers a nd t hey manage our conventions and almost a h1fays chqose our candidate,s.
A standin g army is the ideal of t heir heart, but
an a rmed cit izenship sends a chill of conster·nat ion t hrou gh their coward ly souls.
+ + +
M ORE children- more children fo t· soldiet'S,
. is t he dy in g echo of t he Rooseveltian
theory. How a bout the homes, Mr. Roosevelt,
tha t the E uropean war is breakin g up 1 No wonder
t hat Socialism is spreailing throughout the nations
of t he wor.ld . 'l'he Europe that was at t he beginning of the war is passing away, n ever to r etum.
Th e crowns of all n ations are toppling ; and lucky
indeed, will it be fo r royalty if their· crowned h eads
do not t opple with t he crowns. 'l' he gr eat f ortunes
are crumbling; and fortunate, indeed, will it be for
the rich, if they, t oo, are not crumbled .
The commissary will cventuaily f aiL The soldi rs, disgusted with slaughter, will turn and r end
their masters. 'l'hey will meet in international congre s and lay t he f~?unda.tion f or a new civilization.
'l'his \\·orl d- w ~r is but t he birt h pains _through
" ·hich t he nations ar e p assing from a commercial ,
ind ustrial and militai-y struggle t o universal p eace
and lasting prosperity.
+ + +
Be pr epared to meet t hine enemy or thy God may
call thee early.
'
Patriotism is a child of happy homes and sa.:is-
Comrade
q
I--L~-
·r-
~ ~
'-
THE LESSON
Munition T rust to Wilson : T he prin cipal point of
g reatness in a n y state is to have a race of militar y
m en.
faction. Rebellion 1s a child of miserable hovels
and di1·e d istress.
'l'he country wit h t he most happy homes and t he
most well at·med and satisfied p eople is the best
p repar ed.
E ven a d og will fight fo r a bone if ther e is meat
on it.
Why should a man fight for a count ry t hat offers
him only a hovel ?
W ell armed and happy people in good homes are
always prepared to meet t heir enemy .
Cannibalism and conquest are twin sisters.
A g reat navy is an implement of conquest.
P owerf ul forts ar e implements of defense.
Should a Ch ristian nation possess a great n avy 1
Did some power smite us on t he one cheek ?
Can we n ot turn t he other cheek t o t he offender
beyond t he sea, withou t a navy 1
W hy not t hrow t he Bible away 1
�10
The Western Comra-de
•
Westfieldian In f i de 1 1 t y
FIELD, at the
B y JOH N
time of this story, was
a remote neighborhood about fifty miles
from a railroad, fifteen miles from the
nearest tree, and three hundred years behind th e times. Since then the railroad
has come closer, trees have been planted,
but rational r easoning is not yet in sight,
for· 'N cstfield th e renaissance has not yet
arrived.
"
'l'o most of th em th e world is flat; the universe was mad e in six days; unbapti!!ed children go
to hr ll , which th ey keep on burning w.ithout regard to
the fu el supply. :::iuch is W esffi eld.
\\' cstli cld has a large Church and low foreheads:
lf ard work ers and weak thinkers. It was ill-suppli ed with knowl edge, hut overloaded with superstition.
\\' cst[ield is a social fossil in th e modern world.
Among its myriad whi skers and scanty brains Ben
Bunt grew up cursed \vith an inquiring mind, burdened
with Hll astute intell ect, diseased with an a ctive imagination. H e was th e t err or of th e n eighborhood, a lthough he was only a child .
Th e preachers had told him that he \Yas an infidel ,
simply hct"ausc he came to conelusions contrary to the
Crc· r d, through his study of natural ph enomena.
Jlis passion11tc thirst fo1· truth \\·as infid elity to th e
mind of thr parson . li e sa id so in Ca.trehism class, and
the ~ children took it hom e. "Domine hccft segt. " Ben
was an infidel. He simply wanted to know why things
were as they wer e. \'Vhy the unity in diversity 1 Why
th e singleness of prin ciple under the diversity of form 1
\Vi th him th cl'C was nothing too holy, or'too rotten to
escap e his scrutiny. And for this he was branded with
a name t hat even to him ca lled to his mind th e words
of Watts:
DEQ UE R
sentiment among the animated fo sils. Ben's father heard of it ere the
day was gone, and Ben was r primanded and given
an aid to memory that lasted him through the night.
Sleep would not come to his eyes. He was too sore
in body, so he thought. Not of vengeance. B en cou ld
not think vengeance; he was too large to seek r even ge.
He thought why, wherefore and whatfor ? Slowly he
formulated his answers, and crawling out of bed he
wrote them down.
'J.'he church had thought certain things for centuries, and they had been accepted as tru e. Each animal had been separately mad e out of mind and turn l'd
loose. 'l'hat was the t eaching of t he church. Th ey had
the mind of th e people fix ed that way, and th ey had
built churches, sent out missionari es, built school s, :111 d
p a id preachers. They had money invested in a ch nrl' h
machine. · That was th e situation. H e wrote it down.
Yes, it look ed right. Und er it he wrote, "Dedu ction ."
" For anyone to show th e wron g of th e t eac hin g of
th e church would mean to j eopar d ir,e th e li'vclih ood of
pt·cachers, and make church inYestm eut u. eless ; an d
mak e th e ..Wise Men of th e last generation as liars, or
ignoramuses. 'J.'hercfor e to seck th e truth as it is,
makes a man an in fid el on three counts.
H e makes th e preachers' joh un certain. H e makes
invested mon ey uselc s. H e mak es it plain that cr eed
mak ers wer e not Nature, but book r ead ers. And as
Nature is th e only source of truth , th ese men in not
studying Nature d id not arrive at truth. And as no
man lik es to admit he is wrong, it is infidelity to proYe
him so. Th e church is built upon t he skulls of yest erday. I want to stand upon th e rocks of today."
"1£ to seek the truth is infid elity, th en I accept th e
name."
He crawl ed ba ck into his coruhusk bed and tri ed to
sleep,
but sl eep had flown. H e k ept on thinkin g.
"The tempest of angry fire shall roll and blast the Rebel Worm,
Twi ce he got up and lit his candl e, and r ead the Bib le,
Beat down upon the naked sou l in one eternal storm."
th e first f ive el1aptcl'S. At last daylight cam e, and his
'l'h e words of this Ycry comforting hymn cam e to his fath c:> r call ed him . IIc. got up, but looked tired. His
mind ag-ain and agnin, whil e in his brain was th e broth ers taunted him with heing an inf ideL His moth er
etPJ'nal qu estion , " vVhy. " And his Reason answ er ed, told him that sh e was ashamed of him . ·whil e l1i s
" lt cannot be. It is a lie."
fath er ask ed him who had told him th e things he had
But how was he to piek it to pi eces ? To ask tlw said to th e prea cher.
,
preach er \\·onld in can abuse; to ask his folks, th e
" Now, . Ben," said th e fath er, " who told you tl1is
stJ·ap. Jfc had to solv e th e problem for himself. Rea- stuff ?"
"Nobody."
son could find no co-operation in W estfi eld .
As Bt·ll rode down th e dusty road contemplating th e
" Th en where did vou get it ?"
"From observation."
myst ery that God had given human beings-bra insand mad r it a c1·ime to use th em, the story of Ben 's
" What did von obs e rv e~"
sin a gainst th e preac her was spreading broad cast
" Ho\\· thin gs arc mad e. "
" \Vhat do you mcan 1"
tht·ongh th e land . TI.Jat evening everybody talked it;
and at the store it wns th e subj ect of sage r emarlu.;
" I mean that cats and dogs. l10rses and r abbit s.
hy th e bewhisk er ed. guardians of th e faith up to t en hcaY r rs and ra ts, hirds and hnffal oes all have hones in
y ears ago . A tramp was a curiosity in \Vestfield , and definit e numb ers, similar structure, of id ent ical fmwan infid r l a thin g that was consider ed more or less a tion. "
mythical monster. Now on e )lad risen up amon gst
H e here clahorat c:> cl th e uses· of differ ent hones m
th em who defi ed the Vi car of Christ. That he wa s ear h. and sho\\·cd th e unitv of all life in stru cture.
only a child , made it more inter esting. It proved how
" Do vou not believe th~t God mad e th em 1"
dep1·ayed he was.
"Do~·t th e D;hl r t ell you so ? Isn 't th at enou gh ?"
To the r eform school with him W I!S the uni,· crsal
(Co.·.tir: ned on Page 26)
~~::;;~ EST
�The Western Com r ade
11 -
T he Work in g ._-.· Hypo t h .e s i s
H E spectacle
B y A CO N STAN T A SSOCI A T E
blindly, and if they happen
t h a t Haeckel
.
to have political ascendency
is making of himself in the papers in as- · will cheerfully think it worth while to .hang or shoo.t
suming that Germany, beaten, would still or burn anyone who will not subscribe to their final
1
be in a position to blot out nationalities infallible dogma.
and confiscate their territories and seize
And the incomprehensible fact is that no generation
coloni es at present in the possession of ceems to have observed the regular r ecurrence of this
other powers, is an inter esting illustration obsession through the centuries.
of a curiously unscientific aspect of the
The greatest accomplishment, invention, or discovet·y
mind of this great t hinker.
of the modern world is the recognition of the evolution
I t brings strongly to r ecollection the impression re- of the scientific mind ; and as words are the most pov,.,. ind on first reading his books, that he is still guided erful weapons man can wield, the greatest benefactor
''·'· th e sp iri t of t he middl e ages ; expr essing the r·e- of the race is the man that first thought th e words
sults of his Yc ry admirable r csearcll in the terms of "working hypothesis. " The working hypoth esis, first
tIt<' missionary proselytizer who believes that anyvne
tentatively introduced in solving certain problems, has
become the one tool with which all progress is worked
t lla t docs not accept his peculiar doctrine as definite
;lltU final Truth is destined to eternal destmction.
out. It is as f undamental to the thinker as the saw
Th e fact that certain f undamental theories of the and hammer to the carpenter, or the spade (in some
I l;tt'C kclian dogma have been superceded by r ecent sci- form, say a string of plows behind a caterpillar ) to the
··nt ifie pt·ogrcss does not seem to have introduced any cultivator.
,.J,·Ht ent of int ellectual caution or modesty into his
The great valu e of the working hypothesis is that it
tll<'llta l processes. To Haeckel 's mind t he idea is that is r ec ognized as a step toward a partial end, and not a
landing on a final summit. With the working· hypoth etIt· · G<· rnHln superman is destined to conqu er and rule
tit<· \\'nrld is a s<·ientifically demonstrated fact. Having sis th e scientific mind came into being, and as this new
power evolved and gained ascendency, dogmatizing
"'"''~ aeePpted t hi s as definite and final truth, he r ef llst•s to h<' moYcd hom his faith by the progress of
about Truth began to be discredited . The fact that the ·
,.,·e uts, whi ch has evolved forces strong enough to scientific mind n ever rested 'from its labors, but found
t hat each step forward opened up n ew vistas, gave
Slljlt'i"(' l.'<lc t hat fact and work ovet"its i:esidu e of truth
into a new form capable of subserv in g th e r equirements pause to the formulators of r eli giou s or>pDlitical creeds.
In these days these scientific visions are transcending
of the prOg i'I'SS of <· ivi li zation.
This OJWII Jetter O J' intervi ew of Haeekel 's is a stl'ik- t he wildest flights of untrained imagination , and preing- object lesson to th e average intelli gent 'student of sent glimpses of things far more improbable than the
lift•. Alm ost cvcr:v human being has some sort of " hit marvels of magic ~nd sorcery which our ancestors
or miss'" philosophy, love of wisdom. He desires, or scorned as childish. The possibilities ahead of man]n,·<·s. li ght, or wi sdom, on th e conditions of the unive1·se kind are thus indicated by one student of the f uture:
A man nowadays, born with th e mental equipment of a
"·hirh sul'l'ou nd him and the rules of the game which
student, instead of acquiring a definite body of k nowlhP plays p erforce day by day, just as instin ctively as
edge, and th en handing it on to a group of pupils, on the
ht· des irrs material li gh t by which to guide his movesystem which the Chinese carried to such excess, r emains
llll' llt . Th e philosophi es which have been evolved are
joyfull y a student to hi s last day in thi s mortal mani prohahly as many as th e individua ls t hat have li ved so
festation, and giv es what time- he can to leading other
mind s to think for themselves-in no case to accept his
fa t· on earth. Ea ch .man 's mind to him a kin gdom is,
"no t he most a hj ect slave of superstition makes mental results as finaL
It is now consid ered that every scientific demonstral'l'Sl' l'\·ations. The fact t hat no establish ed hierarchy is
t ion may prove to be a transitional tatement of fact~~·c·nr e agai nst a wave of new thought or heresy. has
'"'i' n t he despai1· of well-m eanin g conservatives from to be modified or possibly transformed by futUl'e developmen ts-in short, a working hypothesis.
t ltr beginnin g of t he world-and the salvation of the
If it can be accurately demonstr at ed on its pl ane, it
JWoples.
But though all men do some thinking, and th e most is a useful tool to help in constru ctin g or in delving
dt•grHd ed are capable of sudden awakenings, still one out a new fact which will supercetle it, showing it not
de lusion has beset even g reat minds and has only been as far as it went; but as a partial result, which talJ:es on
im perfectly appercived as a delusion by even the great- quite a different aspect seen from beyond .
Darwin, speaking late in life, said that his theory of
. •·st thinkers of all t ime.
•
This hallucin ation is the hope and expectation of ar- evolu tion, or something like it, would probably be acriving at the Ultimate Tl'Uth, the complete solution of cepted as a scientific law by future generations. Varthe great mystery in which we bathe as we bathe in ious ways of co1·rect ing or enlarging it are being worked
out. It is bein g scientifically demonstrated that th e
l'ther .
Each lead er of thought has worked on the great struggle for life law is very strongly ·balanced, if not
nrohlem until he has co-ordinated the facts which his being gradually superceded, by th e mutual aid law.
knowledge and mental calibre could comprehend, and Thus though the struggle for life r emains a law,. th e
then has -enunciated the "Truth" to his followers. In enlarged conception of a universe, as it grows more ·
, (Con tinued on Page 27)
··ach generation great hosts will follow these leaders
- -!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I
T
�12
The Western Comrade
THE COAL DIGGER
Here is a "labor saving" machine that does the work of 100 men. The men who con structed and those who
operate this machine join those who first discover ed the coal in the belief that the workers should own the
giant digger and the fuel it take~ from the earth. They are Socialists.
Every Day I s Mothers' Day
MOTH ERS' DAY was
By EDMUND R.
widely celebrated. l<..,rom
rostrum and pulpit and press came praise of women
who have risked life to give it. Tens of thousands of
flowers of every kind and hue were worn in honor of
the mothers of men.
It was entirely fitting. Honor of mothers is a
harbinger of hope. So long as the mothers of a nation
are honored, so long will it survive. Such honor, however, should not be confined to song and eulogy, nor
even io love and r espect for •One mother-one's own.
No mothet· is sufficiently honored who is not honored
in common with all who have given life to the world.
H e who sincerely and intelligently desires to honor
mo1herhood, furthermor e, cannot r est content while
burdens are laid on moth ers that darken and demorali7.e th e life of the present. fillin~ with briars and stones
the path that the f eet of both present and· future must
tread.
Thousands of mothers see t heir st rongest and best
seduced by the jingo cry and led forth to slay and
he slain in tl1 e name of patriotism. Thousands of
mothers have married men merely for bread and give
BRUMB AUGH
birth to children without the
love which alone can malw
sacred the union of man and woman.
Many mothers give birth to their offspring in silen ce
and shame, while t he fathers walk fr om town to city
beggin g an opportunity t earn her life's uecessities.
1'he economic hardships of capitalism deal t heir hard·
est blow upon the mother . l\Iany a birth pang might
be spared, and many hours of anxiety might be turned
to days of hope, but for this enemy of motherhood.
Capitalism is the enemy of moth erhood. A myriad
of bleed ing hearts, broken bodies and blasted hopes
substantiate the statement.
Socialism is th e f riend of motherhood. It seeks to
insure for all r eal, human lives. to make motherhood as
safe and d esirable as it is essential, to abolish forevrr
the degrada tion of womanhood both in and out of th e
marriage relation.
Capitalism is dying. On every side arc signs of
approaching dissolution.
Socialism is being born. The birth pangs are felt.
Soon it will he a living, breathing, visible r eality.
Then every day will be Mothers' Day.
�· T h e W e s t e r n C o m r .a d e
~r
_
. 13
h e NeW" I tnposs 1• b 1• 1 1• s tn
- , H EN
they
were
By FRANK
building a railroad
from Louisville to Frankfort, the line
·
was built to the westerly side of the
' •
Kentucky River and bef!lre the bridge
E. W 0 L FE
their inclination toward arts or
. crafts. They were making a wonderful demonstration of the practibility of concrete
co-operation. They were and ARE doing a,ll these
things. They are making the earth give forth its
boundless bounty; serene in their knowledge of the
· ·
the mountain on the other side and of- fecJJ.ndity of the soil; confident of their efforts to
"
fered a black and gaping moutli to those force from nature a living and more for themselves
') . ·
who approached from the west. A and their families. They knew it could be done. Their
crowd of hill billies held a picnic beside colony is growing steadily in financial strength and
the tracks. One tall corncracker, with weedy beard, their numbers are increasing. All the time the inspat thrice solemnly and announced "It kaint be did." credulous ones shake their heads and mutter "it can't
.:Htcr interrogations and an impressive pause the .wise be done. " They tuck their economic bibles under
one answered: "They aim to run them thar kyars their arms and totter along the banks of their river of
down tl1at track and jump 'em across the river and hit doubt gibbering and chattering that it's not written
t II at hole. It lmint be did! ' ' He was right. What he
in the book; that it is not prophesy; that it can.'t
thought they were going to try to do couldn't be done. navigate under Capitalism.
Throughout the country today are wise mossbacks
The Llano del Rio community and other successful
a1Hl hill billies who, when the word colony is mentioned, co-operative institutions have proven the power of
shake their heads solemnly and say "It can't be done." collective effort. Despite this fact the first attack
1\'hat, in the profundity of their ignorance, they are made by capitalist newspapers brings an echo of ''I
th inking of, probably could not be accomplished.
told you so" from the dodderers who open their Book
Doubtless some one of the wise ones who predicted to prove once more that it can't be done. The greatF11lton 's steamboat would not navigate stood on the est labor and Socialist hating newspaper in the world
slJot·es and saw th e ship go paddling merrily along. prints a lying and malicious statement concerning 1he
Thrn he doubtless shook his head and kept on mutter- colony where nearly 800 comrades are working with enill:! : "It won 't go, it simply can't go; it 's flying in thusiasm, living in happiness and without fear, and
t hl' fa ce of the Almighty." Th en tucking his bible from scores who have been for years on the fightmg
under his 11rm he toddled away, still muttering: "It line comes a grunt of satisfaction and a merry "I t•lld
don't work."
you so. It can't navigate. It can't be done. "
When a group of Socialists, saddened and weary
The only discouraging feature about this is the un'ritll wrangling and bickering over words anl theories disputed fact that many Socialists r ead and believe;
and doctrines, joined forces in California and determ- accept as inspir.e d gospel, every word in their capitalin ed to put some of their theories about co-operation ist press. Worse than that, the editors of some Sointo action there was a bowl from some of their com- cialist publications are equally gullible.
rades.
Where you find a small minded petty official of a
'' It can't be done!'' came a shout in high tenor from j ealous disposition, a hypocrite at heart who prates
about loyalty to Socialism despite the fact he has no
th e soap box.
" It can't be accomplished!' echoed in lyric soprano social instincts, there you will .find a mean spirited
fl'om the platform.
]mock er, too cowardly for a fair, manly, open fight.
'' It won 't wol'k!'' in deep baritone from the grocery In this type you will find the professional disavower
who tries by underhanded, insiduous means to injure
nail-keg beside the prune barrel.
" It is impossible under Capitalism!" in coloratura co-operative movements. The first cry is t hat the
eontralto from the scientific !ister beside her academic co-operative institution they are attacking is "not
Socialism.' ,. 'fhe fact that no one has ever claimed
c!Psk.
In the meantime the Llano del' Rio Colonists were they w·e re Socialist institutions makes no difference to
d<>af to the cries that it would not navigate. The pio- th e vicious maligner. Th e fact that the co-op erators
neer colonists were clearing hundreds of acres of land. r·epeatcdly disavow any official connection with the
Th ey were cutting alfalfa on hundreds of other acres. Socialist Party makes no difference to this type of
They were planting vast acreage in orchards and small human heloderma. Vicious attacks upon the comfruits, digging miles and miles of irrigating ditches, rades who have been brave enough and bold enough
c·aring for a large herd f dairy cattle.and range stock ; to try to put their theories into practise will not, in
pl11nting a great garden, worl<ing in their industrial th e long run, hurt co-operative institutions. 'l'hey
cl Ppartments, planing mill, machine shop, tannery, rug do, however, show the Socialists the true character
;11td c11rpet weaving plant. 11nd producing a large per . of some of those who ar e so eager to attack any com'r·nt of their own food and other necessities of life. rade who strays ft·om the realms. of mere theory. ·
Co-operation has come to stay. Colonies fou nded on
They were sending all their children to school, from
sound business principles are going to prove to the
1he age of 2 to 20; condncting their own entertainments
and establishing a social life of their own liking. They cave-dwelling portion of t he so-c11lled radical moYement and then to the whole· world that the ship of
'q~ re developing their latent talents for writing, speaking, drawing and giving fullest expression to whatever co-operation will navigate.
· W
�The Western Comrade
14
Llano del
Anniversar y
~=::!!=::!!~ AY
DAY, 1916,
the open air with great "Uslo.
By ROBERT K. WILLIAMS
the second anmOne of the most startlin(J
versary of the birth of Llano del Rio contrasts of the day, and perhaps the most impr . ire,
Colony, as a co-operative entity, dawned · was the reproduction of the colony's visible asset in
deliciously cool and an azure sky beamed the shape of material wealth, when the parade of Jl)H
down whil e a soft breeze made ideal the passed in review.
portentious a nd inspiring ceremonies that
Contr asting Llano's possessions of hogs, cattl , goa ts
continued throughout the day.
rabbits, machin ery of all kinds, automobiles and tru ks
Llano, Cal., is now in th e spot light, and of 1916 with those owned by the colony in 191-:1:, show ~d
stands :-~sa hPacon toward whic h th e eyes the a ctual b en efits of co-operation.
of tiH! oppr·essPd thousands in th e c01i1petitiYe "·orld
H. L . Dawson and sistet· were drawn thr·ou()'h the
ar·;· turrring 11·it.h th e hun ger of hope deferred.
streets by a mule team, th e wagon loaded with pl'O·
:\I ore titan a hundred sympathetic and intensely in- visions ohtai'ncd at Palmdal e, while Frank P. l\Icl\Ialron
t•·r ..stt·d 1·isit iug spectators jo-ined with over 700 colo- and :Jr.' ::;tan ley, guided and h e rd ed th e live stock , on.
n isis to do ltorna~t! to tlte day and th e man whose for··e- sisting of nine pigs and one cow. This outfit was met
sigltt and faith in humanity made possible the long- by fiv e others, al r eady on the ground, who eagerly
;u·rnt·d JIIOI'<'Illent. that wiil li1·e as long as th e hear t awaited th e anival of the commissary, as th e Llano
of nran h<·afs- .Juh Harriman.
larder was runnin g low.
!:nod ft•P} ing Jll' rlll <'Hte<l the mass, Ulld it is doubtful
The continued cheering shmYed t h at the colonist
if a spot on .. artlt h(•]d more kindly thoughts toward her e now appreciate t h e struggle that had bee n gone
olll' a1wt lr l'l' tltau at Llano on this day. Lo1·e's radiance through hy these hardy visionists, who had foreseen
l~t·allr<'d from tit;· facl's of all, ami inspimtion aud asenough to see green fie lds and a city of hundreds hy
pinrtiolr lit 11p tlrt• grays o[ lih• and made g lowing tit!! th e year 1916.
dutit•s that lay heforc- tl:at o[ an example and an edi'fhc assemblage r cpai1·cd to th e spacious dining h all.
fi•·• · to sh•·ltt·r tlwse that arc yet unborn anu sec urity which was completely fi lled by hi g hly in,tcr ested a mi
for thns1· 11o11· livi11g.
enthusiastic p eople, a nd w e t·c ente rtain ed by two se'fh1• tone of tht• cerPmOiliPS "·as Joft.y HllU dig ni fied. lections by t he L lano orc hestra. T he orclr estra con~JwakeJ's a11d .'audiPII<·c rPalizPd that a parting of tir e
.sistc.d of six p eices a nd the quality of music was fil·st11·a.v is ht•gii.JIIing a nd this lwowlPdge lent a d e pth of elass. Two years ago a harmonica or an a ccordiou
f<·l'ling diffil'ult to di'St·rihP. At times tears fill ed the played th e overtures.
••.v f'li of 111any <IIHI qnir.:l""sur·ges of the blood snft'used
F rank P. l\Ici\Tahon, one of th e earliest m en on t he
t•lit·Pk, JIIIUSI'd to s1wh e motions.
scene, a nd still worJ,i n g with unabated e nthusiasm for
l11 ],]alto a JI C II' life is dawniu g . T,he am~ i e 11t pre- the colony and t he g reat cause it r eprese nts, spoke
t•cpts as Ia id doll'n b~' th e bcncfaptors in th e dawn fr> elingly of the ch11nges that had hcen wrou g ht since
\l'nrld arr <·oming i11to th eir o11·n and and11·ining thcm- the foundation of the co-operati,·e effort on t he slopi11g
st'll'l's a1·onnd t lw hearts and in the minds .of those brave planes of th e Sierra ?IIadre.
t'IIOllgh to staml strougly toge ther. so that those alHe desc ribed the struggles, heartaches and joys nt·
n•ady '"' rt• may li1·e idL' a ll~'. and those to come, enjoy trndant upon th e upbuilding ol' th e greatest of all co·
thP lint' things of th e spirit.
opcrati1·e efforts. B eca,use of t.IJ e fa ct t h at th e Lla uo
'l'hc spi 1·it that thrill ed the participauts in Llano 's dl'l Hio Company h ein:r o rgani z<·d as a corporation it
Sl'I'Oild anniYcrsary will ncYer· be forgotten.
rscapcd th e u sual pitfalls of th e co-pnrtne n;hips, joint
Llano's ] iJ-piPee haud. a r erent den~ lopm e nt within stock companies, associations and th e like. l\Ic:Mahon·s
tlw enlony, pla~· cd sel'l'I'Hl ehoirc selections in front talk brought th e people closer together and gaYe th f•m
of thl' <'lnb honse and
an insight into the
WI\S t'h('PI'etl.
hop~s and ambitions
\\·. A . E11gh' . one
of those ra rly on the
of tht• Pad~· pioner 1·s
scene.
lie told of
and fo nnd Prs of th e
many in cidents th at
•·olouy .. p oke to th l'
are ~musing n ow, but
TH~~ name of THE NEVADA COLO:>IY CORPORATION has
been c hanged to THE LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY 0 1•'
a embled I'Oloni!it s
at that time w ere of
NE\' ADA, the a ctivities of which will be devoted exclusively
and yj itors fr-om th e
sif!nifican t imp or f.
to the affairs of t he Llano del Rio Colon y, located in Los Angeles
hotel porch on th e
The hardships Cll County. California.
' Red Flag."
dured could now hi'
The Llano rlel Rio Compan y and Colony has not and will not
have any connection whateve r with the Nevada Colony. Th e
At the conrlusion
look ed back upon
two colonies are far apart and it is impracticable for e ither to
of llis talk th e r ed
with pride b ccam;P
as ume the management, responsibility or obligations of the
tla..,. Wl1S hauled to
those that ngaged in
other.
the p eak of th flagthem b ecam e s t r om!staff on the gable of
er and m o1·c loyal t o
the club hou e, and
the ideal that is th(·
Journal Building
Reno, Neyada
'fhe Red Flag wa
inspiration of HPr.\·
ung by the crowd in
colonist who dares ' "
M
Ill
Important Announcement
Llano del Rio Company of Nevada
�The Western Comrade
15
Llano Colonists Enjoy Driving Through Big Rock Canyon
fot·sakc his intcr·csts elsewhere and come to Llano to
help work out the proulem of the age, that of getting
a living and keeping the surplus product.
P. P. i\Icl\fahon congratulated us on the success of
the frstiv itics and said that it made his heart beat fast
to Sl'P dreams com e true. 'l'wo yrars ago a dry, eacti<'OI'<' r ed plain with trails h er e and thr.re, was the only
dcnlopmcnt shown; today good roads ramify her e and
1hrrr anrl a town is growing up und er out· YPry eyes
that is to point th e way for the toi ling millions, and
whi Ph will show the falla ey of th e outwom competitiYc
sy t r m.
Th e L lnno quartette sang two S(•]eetions, and D. C.
Coplry, lrader of the orchestra and manager of the
poultry depat·tm cnt, spoke flt eon sicler ahle length on
1he "Colony Spirit. " ll e rr<·itecl many incidents to
sho1Y that a spirit of Jwlpfulncss imhnPs p\·eryone who
is a mcmhet· of tll P. Polony; that the r ecognition of
thr identity of intrrrst rrmrnted the pPoplP togr thet·
and ft·om it gre11· a mntufllity that could be found nowhrrr else.
The :.\l andolin and Guitflr Clnh, unclrr thr direction
of Dr. Tut·nwall. who is an rxrrllrnt mandolin playe r
and mu. irfl l enthusia. t. r enclrred t"' o excellent numlwrs. Like all oth er d evr lopments flt Llano. the Mandolin ('Juh is a complet e cYolution f rom one littl e startin~ point.
Llano is hle ed 11·ith a m ost diH•rsified talent. W e
haYc \\Til et·s. musicians. poets, reader , a ctors, mP.chan-
ics-in fact, we have representatives from nearly all
cults, crafts and trades.
'l'he stining " i\larseillaise" was sung hy t h e assemblage, led by l"t·ed H. Gallup, a most a ccomplished
te nor· and musician. 'fhe hall rang with the vim of t he
eolonists in giving expression to their feelings.
W . C. Hunton , master of eet·ernonies and ehairman
of the oecasion, mounted the platfot·m and after gaining si len ce, spoke a brie f trib ute to ,Job Harriman, the
man, and introduced him to the (~Xpcctant crowd. \Vhen
::\lr. Ilaniman mounted t he rostrum prolonged elt cct•s
and app lause broke out a nd paid tribute to th e depth
of fl'P iing in the hr<'ast of many.
:\It·. Harriman stood howing, a pleased smi le lighting
his fa<'P, and a ft cr a considcnt hi e pause, h e started a
f ew hriP( sentPnces.
Jl e SUP<·inctly w Pnt o1·cr th e history of the colony,
told of some of th e ohstaeles plaecd in the way of
thosP " ·ho w ere first on the ground ; ohsta<:les of nature
as w ell as those interposed hy man.
H e painted a glowing pietnre of the futnt·e premised on th e aeromplishmcnts of the pal'i t. 'fPn
thousand men and wom en , with their strength and
their power to adapt themsPlvcs, would mr an ft'('(~
dom from th e sordidnPss of th e Rystem eneompassing
m nn kind . Il e p ointer] out that a man is more than
a perpet ual motio n mar·hinr·; he not only feeds and
clothes himsel f and family, hn t fcrds the world and
affords all the Juxuri rs owned hy the ca pitalist.
�16
When this great surplus was sa~ed and reverted
back to its creators nothing on earth could stop
the true development of society. The colony needed,
he said, t en thousand people for more than one reason. However, the colony is fast growing away
from a village, and soon it will come up to a man 's
size town. ]<'rom that it is but a step to a city. 'l'he
village has· but one mind and one thought; the
diversity of action is not there and unfriendly and
hurtful conditions sometimes obtain. 'l'he colony
must be so hig that it will be impossible for any
one individual to !mow more than a fractional part
of the complex activities necessat·ily arising from
a mass of people.
'J'h e sky is unclouded. ThP- decks are cleared
Hllll the worst of t he journey is over. 'lJuee years
o)Jght to sec a new civilization developing from
the plains of Llano. The colonists lived this year
I•C'I ter than last, and last year better t han the year
ill'fnr c. N<·xt year the members at Llano will live
il<'t1<·r than this yea r and will increase in the posses.
s ion o[ tiJ P neecssitics and luxuries. 'l'wo year s ago,
l: e pointe<l out. the colony had no machitiery. This
_vP;J J' mn<·hinery was in place and turning ont the
1·arious things neccssat·y to l<ccp the wheels of progJ't•ss in <'onstant motion.
'l'wo years ago there were
110 automohiiPs here; today there arc many. Next
y•·ar t.hr1·c " ·ill be more. The moYcmcnt stnrted as
it is, will cont inu e to go on nnd grow and grow, and
nothing now can stop it. The mind of the people
at large is ready for somethin g of this sort. NeYer
ht•!'oJ'(~ has there bern sttch a good opportunity for
I he Plll:lncipation of mankind.
Conditions arc ripe;
tiH· fields ~trc white awaiting t he r eaper.
\\'hat is the use of' working forever for others ~
\\'h t'n tl1 c gm.in is planted and the f ields prepared
!'or t hr next season's cr op; the animals car ed for and
I ended; machin es in r epai r and clcvelopm.e nt goin g
on in all lin es, a half dozen automobiles can be pro\·isioncd with the products of the fields, gardens,
hakery and the uairy, and fifty people can be sent
to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado fo r two weeks
to view the maj estic scars on nature's breast. On
rr l.urning, fifty or more ca n be sent every two weeks
on this trip alone the whole year through.
Tlf1'. Harriman told of the advantages to be gained
hy people casting their fortunes with those at Llano.
True liberty of spirit and freedo m of action could
sooner he obtained in this colony than elsewh et·e on
earth. 'l'he ed ucational facilities within a very few
years would far exceed those of any city for the
reason that nothing hnt the interests of the child
had to be consider ed. Happiness, the goal of mankind, could more r eadily b.e worked out here than
<'l sewhere, and soon t he world would come to see
that salvation had to he worked for and wrought
from the inner man applied to concrete ·things.
·while others are dreaming of Socialism those at
J,Jano nre " ·orking out the problems and living them.
Capitalism is going; the citadel of entrenched interests are everywhere tottering, and the progress of
t.hc co-operative efforts on the great r eaches of the
Antelope Valley spells more fear to those wishing
to have and to hold the good things of life unjustly
than any one other thing on the face of the earth.
The W est 1
�o .n rade
17
(! '
r-----------------------------------------------------
Somewhere In France
-Drawn for The Western Comrade by J . L ewltzky
�The Wes t er n Co m :r ad e
18
What
T\VO
Years Have Wrought
B y E R NE ST S. WOOSTER
~~~ LANO
DEL RIO, city of hope, home of
buoyant opti mism, realization of a dream
that incubated in a master mind for
twenty yearsLlano d el Rio for numberless centuries the home of the joyous, jumping
jack rabbit and his t r aditional racing
partner the tortoise is no lopger tortoiselike. B ig Rock Creek tumbled and
roared along its little canyon, spread out
in the plain, slid into the sand and wns .1iekrll up by
the greedy, searching rays of th e sun. <-luaker·s and
G<·rmans tried to tame the desert by pouring the lifel!i,·ing Big Hock on it. That ''"as a quarte r of a century
toise before he r eached his intermediate goal, and the
rabbit scurried off to f ind a n ew partner.
It was the beginning of the big dream that had
lurked in Job Harriman's gray matter for a score of
years. Since then the Big Rock Cr eek no longer saYagely roars along down the canyon. It becomes
tractable and patient and sedately fo ll ows rows of pear
trees and cabbages and tomatoes.
It took courage two years ago for those p ionerrs t o
try to conquer that desrrt. 'l'h et·e was a one-year-old
pear orchard of fort.v acres and an a l fa lfa field . . The
neighbors " ·ere few and hostile. There ''"ere fi Ye in
t he party, fiY e to start the ·gr eatest adventure in history. Sometim e it "·ill be a story emlwllished with romance and dcserihed hy li n·li cr imagination s. But it
a~o.
\\'h <·rc• (~ uak e r misjudgm ent wrought fa ilure, and was a sordid fa<.:t th<·n. FiYe peopl e with one cow·
(;,-rlnan trnst tempted an ahseonnding treasurer to for- and a ''"agon, four horses, and nine p igs-that was
l!et his obligations, Soeialist pluck and energy arc th e carantn.
hniJ,]ing a Vision City. Tlt c·.v "·ork and sweat and
Two years late r, :\fay 1, ]!)16, e ight hundred peopl e
qwuTe l ; tl1C'y have th eir troubles a n 1l thrir pleasures. formed in line and wa itc<l ·for th eir portion of the
H11t tltPy don 't worry and thPy do to-operatP, and barbecued rnrat, the salatl, the pi e and cal-.e, the beans
tltost· a1·e the hi g things in th e hig plan thP,v are follow- and the other good things proYid cd by the Celebration
ing out. Profiting hy the mistakPs of othPI's tiiL·y ar r Comrn ittee. The colony had prospered.
\\·orkin g along differl'nt lilll'S, and a magnifi,·Pnt s piri t
Th e uine pigs han in ~.: r east•cl to several hunllred.
that nothing •·nn qiH'Iwh dominut<·s thPm . ThP qnar- The one cow has hecomc part of a herd numhe1·ing
r <'ls an· small and short li1· e d -tltt~ .]oh is too hi g, too a hundred and fifty and an• honsrd dm·ing milking.
intensely intc·resting, too enthrallingly fas!'ina t ing to t ime in a barn built for p ermanence, with stone walls
11'1 littl e things intcrfpn•.
a foot thiek a nd equippcu 'rith a silo t hirty feet high
Two yPars ago the Jnt·k Hahhit nn<l th e Desert Tor- that providrs "canned" alfa lfa and corn for them ia
toisr hegan to discoYcr that their last rat· c· wns run . A t he winter. Seventy horses and mules, besides two
fi cet of Fords hegan to Pnrroac h on thP ir domain. Trar- hnge tra ctors and scve1·al tnH·b; help the four horses
t ion enginPs drawing hu ge gang plo" ·s buri C'd the tor- that made up the orig inal wor·k in g force.
'J'\yo yt>a r·s ago---:not hing. No"· Llano
del Hio is the nll'tropolis of the Antelope Vall<'r. lt is a town of a hundr·cd
honws, huil t along strerts, and all of
th P houses numhcrecl. lt has its doctor,
its harhPr . .A swimming pool, boats Cor
thr <·ltildren, a tannc•1-y, a steam laundry, a bakery, a rug-wc•aving plant, a
shot> sltop-tlw.1· an· a II in operat ion.
There's a splendid l il)l·ary. Th er·e's a
ga1·age and ma'eh in P shop, a planing
mill, and a hotel. Th ere's a e1·eamery,
t oo.
Llano boasts a band and an orchestra,
two quart ets, a mandolinc club, and a
hasP ha ll tram. Dances. fo r tlie children
e1·ery Thm·sday night and for everyone
else enry Saturday night provide ent erta innw nt. And everyth ing's fr ee .
.Just OIH' store in town means a complete monopoly for this "i·C>nturr. Only
1t l,pJongs to t·1·e1'yone and do<'sn ·t mllk e
any profi t.
Th e spirit of the whole th in g is wond <> rful. The· <·olonists sre the Grand
The Sierra Madre Colony Is Doing Well With Ch icken Rais.ing
Yisinn nlwad :wd tril·inl things 1·annot
he JH'I'm itted to in f<·r·ferc with it .
L
�The Wes .t ern Comrad ,e
19
'!'here's wor·k to be done, a town to be built, a
desert to be conquered, people to be educated-a
\\'hole civilization to adopt, to adapt, and to rebuild and extend. 'l'hat 's the dominant thing,
the thought of the job ahead. And the colonists
tackle the joo with joy and enthusiasm. Never
l1as the future heen so bright nor system so intelligently applied to the work.
Education is a different thing there, too.
George Pickett was given the task of curbing,
disciplining and subjugating the children. NoJ,ody else wanted it. nobody else would take it.
( :Porge is a fellow who is usually giYen the jobs
that others can't uo anyway. That 's what they
l~a,·e him there for. He didn't know much about
!Joys and gi1·ls, having none of his own, so he _
thought he would just usc common sense and '
jud~ruent instead of trying to know anything.
The first thing- ht> Jill was to get forty acres of
Lllld to put his ne\r-found family on-it \ras a
The Young Colonists Also Possess Some Blooded Swis.s Goats
rilmily or ahout one hundred.
Tlll'y gaYe him a piece of land near one of the
s·· hool houst>s- thL·.v haYc at least three-and buil t
hint a t·ook-honst•. That was all they \YOuld do. George on. Some t ime a gloYe maker is going to come in, and
ski l'lnisliPd arollt}(l and got four horses for t he boys. then a llCW industry will be started-automobile drivJJ,. had tht• goah; turned O\'Cr to what the grown-ups ing gloYes made with the fur 011. 'l'herc ;u·e lots of
··:ill th e " kid t·o lony.'' There arc nine goats and nine hig plans afoot, lots of visitors coming in, Jots of t hings
his in tht• lot ( ~roat ];ids. that is ) . lle got a lot ot' being done.
l'ahhits. amollg tiJt•tn n little jnck rabbit that is raising
'l'he above summm·y of t he situation is a. combina1rith th1· Ht>lgian rablJits. Now he has 7:)0 chickens tion of personal lmowlcdgc and observation, the into add to thl' lot.
formation · g leaned from question ing those who have
That ga\'L' him a prdty good start. '\Yith the help been there, and a survey of t he two years of effort as
.,,... Dot· .. Zornt•s in th e garden, nnd E. A. \ Vest in portrayed by the birthday celebration l\Iay 1 .
It is so hard to recoll ect every improvement noted
i>ltildin g till'~- are uoiug things. 'l'he boys attenu to
t he horses, Jii\Ul auohe bricl;s, put in their foumlations as the days go on, and only close observation and fre:tnd arc goi ng to build a <:lub house 112 feet long and qut•nt v is its can satisfy th e curiosity and con fit·m the
;,-J, fel't \ri<I L', with 9-foot porches on three sides. They stories one reads about this wond er city of' t he future.
ltH\' 1' a ga rden planted.
Th e "l<icls" expect to show ] f you haYc never· been to see J'.Jlano del Rio Colony, a
the rest of th e peopl e how a colony should he governed. visi t will be a r evelation . No vacation could he more
\leanwhile the~r arc getting the best practical training enjoyable, more profitable.
iu th e w orhl. Jt is a school that professional cdundors ran study with profit. It is the sc·rt of
st·hool that is hard to keep · the boys and g irls
11 \Ht~' from. Tn fact, the grammat• school trachcrs
t·omplain that they can't ]; eep the chiidrcn in
~l'hoo l " ·ithout using almost heroic measures.
But G rorge Pickett hasn't all of the honot·.
llis wife has char~rc of the girls, and when Minuil' Pit·l;ett starts to do anything she doesn 't stop
till it is finished. So she had a table built outsidE", organized the girls. and now has them feed• ing the bo~~s at noon. So good is their cooking
that there is lli'Yl'r Jr. than a dozen men there.
hpsidl's the ho~·s. for dinner. The girl are getting
~ome cxcl'llent training also.
And it is all fun
fo r l'VPrvbod,-.
TIH"re\ the 'JTontessori chool, the new lime
ki ln that makes lime in record time, the new
printing plant. which will be well· equipped,
the lumber mill being built. the new townsite for
which reservation are now being made-there .are·
scores of things, and I have already used more
Adobe Brooder House Being Constructed at the Junior Colony
space than the editor allm-Yed me. The tanner i
making leather, tanning rabbit skins with the hair
�20
c0
m
The Western Comrade -
0
p era t
•
1
on at Ll a no
NTERESTED visBy R 0 BERT X. WILL I AM S
kind and new development 1•n
itors and partialevery hand.
he-now sees the
ly paid members of the Llano del Rio fruition of her hopes in the beginning of the foundaColony, desirous o~ seeing ~heir mvest- tion f?r the new industrial building on the permanent
ment for the first time, contmue to come townsite.
to the colony regularly. The wee~ly reThings are moving so fast at Llano that those here
ports of the r egistered guests at the hotel do not realize it. \Ve are living in a changing wot hl.
is an inspiration for all. Men and women A new society is growing right under our noses and
from all parts of the United States carry it is a continual struggle to adapt ourselves to the
back messages of hope, and progress. changing conditions.
Actual construction work is everywher e visible, and
A month or so ago the population hovered around
the 650 mark, today nearly 800 people are hen•.
crops of varied sort beautify the land. :
Intending colonists, it seems, no matter from whence, New and better tents and houses are going up. 'l'hesc
have the same tales to tell or the dread competitive things arc noticed by the retuming visitor.
grind in the so-eal leJ outer world. Those that are
And then too, friendly relations are being e ·tah.
sheltered by t he wide-spreading arms of the colony lished with the outside world. Llano's baseball team,
believe thcmsPll·cs fortunat e. and feel but little the through its sportsmanlil'e attitude and its ability to
st ri'Jtuous strife everywhere an incident of life.
play ball, has gained the good will of the whole of
The eolo11y as a whole l1as made more progress in Palmdale, Lancaster and Victorville. Nearby ranch.
the past four months than in the prc,·ious year. The . crs are watching us with interest and many have exreason, of course, is plain. l\[orc people are here; bet- pressed their desire to join the colony. Indeed some
tcr f:u,iJitiPs arc afforded for th e expression of skill haYe turned their lands into the colony and are now
and greater amplitmle gi\·cn for genius. One visitor, members of this on-marching communi-ty. The indiwho had beeu here previously, remarked that he was Yidual farmer finds that he cannot exist and gath er
pleased to see a quantity of tools spread about. On subsistence from his arid acres. H e finds that ranchhis fornwr visit he noti ced a paucity of tools necessary ing nowadays needs eollectiYe and not individual
to work with, and his first observation was that every- effort.
thiug would be added in time, and at that shortly.
Two years ago the world Jay wholly ahead of Llano.
Every time a member retums after an absence, Yast Only two or three cultivated spots adorned these
changes are noticed. l\h-. Ingerson, one of the early plains. Sage brush and cacti abounded. Today part
members, lately joined t he colony to stay, and was of the world is conquered and the uprooted sage brush
simply astounded to see the social life so changed. The and cacti have long since disappeared in smoke and
Satunlay evening dances that he enjoyed so much were their embers have enriched the ground. The portent
completely metamorphosed. New faces, new dances of the future is most alluring.
and a completely new and first-class orchestra had been
The worst of the voyage is over. The many rocks
evolved from the nucleus of the old. l\Iiss Austin, who and shoals that beset the path of the sturdy pioneers
is much interested in our town, as one of the designers of Llano have been safely n egotiated. The most powof it, returned a few nights ago, and her first r emark erful influence in the State, inimical to the interests
was that it was like coming into a new world. Prog- of the colony, has been successfully overcome, and
ress was to be seen everywhere. l\fore land under cui- from now on th e progress of Llano is one of business,
tivation, new areas cleared, more machines of various and interested, and friendly eo-operation of its memher·s. It is safe to say that th e colony
will be almost 90 per cent self-supportinl!
this year. The vegetable fr·om Lllmo 's
gardens furnish abundance of green
things. Lettuce, radishes and onions are
daily relishes. Cabbage now occasional!~·
furnishes a pleasant change. Dewberries
from our gardens gladdened the hearts of
the colon ists the latter part of l\fay. Four·
varieties of such berries have been planted
and Horticulturist Dawson promises t o
have them come with pleasing regulari ty
and change.
It may not be possihle to fulfill all of
our expectations, but so much has beet•
done that we are reacly to accept most
anything, and even if things do fall short
Llano Community Dairy Herd
of predidion we nre strong for a further
trial. \Ye may not l1aye twenty acres or
tomatoes, as predicted some time ago, bu t
�Th(} Western Comrade
tarn tree hl'e when propedy hand]ed
The alfalfa unde-r J. C. era~ .f~, ba
been ent twiee lll!p to the pre ent time. The
yield is heavy. llt is said thai a!Jfa]fa in
tlris region eontams sl!l!ffieie.nt .nOilu"' lililg
qnalit.ie as. to permit hor e to "\YQl'k QI\
it alone. This is not possible in all alfalfa
regtons:.
Actual work on the permanent town >ite
has begun. The fir t building to be erected
Th e Colony Fish Hatchery at Jackson's Lake
lltt'l't' will ht· rtwny at· t·rs, more than sufficient. Deo
1 ult• ttl t'. to suppl,v our daily wants and to preserve
nnd t•n n for " ·intt•t· usc. The cannery is being rushed
:tttd :\lattii!!Pl' Kt'ough of that department says that
l• y .July 1 thr plant will he in operation, in plenty of
ltllll' to lakt• earc of all vegetables and fruits offered .
l'. J\ . Knohhs of the garden department, and his as~iH tants. HI'(' 11·orl\ing like 'l'rojans to gr.t a surplus of
lhin!{s f'ot· this fnll. Knobbs is full of confidence tlwt
ll'e will go OI'Ct' the winter without any considerable
"·ant for the usual garden things. Mr.
:\'t' ll'lnnn , and his help rs in this departlltrnt, arc continually busy with the bct·t•it•s. g rapes. and many other things that
h1•long to the garden. He has eight acres
undct· his cnrc and it will be iutensively
t·ultiYiltcd . It seems, upon inspection, that
n·cry Yari ety of vegetable and plant has
hrrn planted and has stfit·tecl to grow. It
"·ould be positively un 11fe to predict what
mny happen when the stuff under his care
I"'O mes to fruitag e.
:'lhmricio, in the eastern garden. is busy
nil the day with his cabbage, cauliflower,
rndishcs, onions, garlic, parsley, beets. etc ..
nnd many acres are showing the result of
his conshmt care. Brfore the planting
~rnson i ovct·, 0 to 100 acres shall h:aYe
hrrn planted.
·
.
U. 1'1. D-~"'son, in the hortieultll.iral dep:artmrnt. hns O\'Cr 300 a cr · of fruit itr<'es
in, nnd h(' rep·o rts they arc doan..., ni<ec!y.
lT r has . ix aeres of nursery just scmitlli of
1hP rown. in \"('hich he is trying aU ~sorits of
"xncrim('ntation. lie has ]~a,Nted ma;ny
thqnl!s o~~hrmt tJlQis soll a;nd is tJh(iJl'oughfty
sll1i!'(iled th~tt n~ unimw.a.M oil or aitm.os·J~her1c condhi<On obtains Urat wroud il'e-
is to be the silent iudn trio building,
mea uring 29 by 150 feet. ln this building
will be placed the printing-sltop, the tailoring establishment, ~hoeshop, eto. Lime
from the kiln i uow being furnished in
ufficient quantities to preclude tho po i.
bilit.y of shortage. Experts who lll'O hlill·
d!ing this lime claim it to be of ex ceptional
strength and quickness.
The sa\ mill undet· nlnnagcr mith, just
east of th e permanent townsite, is n um.
ing shape, aud his report of In t week said
that he ha the saw rig set up, ready for
running; the cal'l'iage and enrriage food
rig, the en gine and boi lc t· placed , nnd will
he r eady to· start on the brick work I\[onday. 1\[lly 29. llo hils about fifty feet of
the wall up to the first floor joist line nm1 nil of
tlw pier·s in for the mllin line shaf't. '!'his mill will
haYC a capacity of ahont :JO,OOO feet tlnily and wi ll
aid g-reatly to soh·c the housin~ probl em. Logs ft'om
thP mountain will soon be coming over· tho sut·voyod
t·oad. 'l'he haul is approximately 12 miles.
1To1Ycver , until such time as we arc sawing lumher,
it is ach·isablc for members desiring to stay, to hring
or srncl tents. or make arrangements to have temporary housing provided. By doing this a hig burden is
Tibe N-ew Lime Klln art: lil:ano
�· The Western Comrade
22
taken off members here and the occupants made much
happier. lt is always hoped that the women folks be
made comfortable. They have the worry of keepmg
the house and the nicer the house the nicer the home.
'fhe rabbits ar·c increasing and about 3000 are crowdin.g the pens. ;\1anager Kilmer expects to have three
more 90-[oot pens erected before long. By so doing
he will he ahlc to place between 800 an.d 1000 breeders
thcrciu and matcr·ially solve the meat problem of the
eo)()ny.
'J'hc dairy dcpar·tmcnt under George Bower is turn.ing into th'· ,.,·p;nncr·y about 1000 gallons of milk a week,
whi r;h scr·vcs as the butter· and milk . supply of . the
eolony. About 73 cows a1·c being milked. Almost 100
hr!ad of' stock arc heing pastured on the range near
the Lovt·joy Buttes, 1 I. miles north of tlie colony, under
t hu t·ar·c of ~\I onis brothers. . ··
'l'lr c eolo11y is r:ongmtulating itself that Mr. F . W.
Eddy, wife and little g irl, arc now members. They
wi ll mo1·e at ont:u to th e fish l1 atchery, wh ere Mr. Eddy
wilt <'llgaw· in t ht: propagation of t 1·out. ·Mr. Eddy
is an I' X perit•Jwed fish spa w·n er, and doc!ares t hat the ·
Hpot is idea l for tish- r·aising, surrounded as it is by
irnmt•n;;(• II IOtllltains, wi t h t he pu1·est of cryst al water.
One hu ndred a ud s ixty acres of land, th e origin of
t ht• Big !{old\ , htdo ng- to t he rolony. Th e water
htJbhiPs ntJ t of th e grotJnd over a 30-acrc space, which
is hl'a vi ly t·OV!' I'I'd wit h vegetation. 'l'his can he turned
iutn Hll idt·a l t·illll ping lol'ation , with t he Hatchery Inn
a tJd a host.I' II'Y f'or t hi• at·t·ommodati on of the colonists
11. · \\'i•ll <Js sigh t-st'<
'I'S a nd (•ampcrs fro m th e city .
T
The Sierra Madre Colony
ilE Si,·r'I'H :\ladri: Colony,
O l' the hoys' and gir·ls'
•·olony, lot·all'd about a mil e ~out. h of t he uiain
t·olony, is prog ressing wond crl'nlly well t hrough
th " un tiri ng efforts of C:eoqrc '1'. Pickett and his helpfu l wifl'; 'DM " 7.om cs o.f th e ag1·icu lt nral end; A. B.
\ Vnst. or tht' llii! Sonr·y 1111d construction end , assisted hy
1ht• hoys ll lHl gir·ls belongin g to t he colony.
hl·oodc1· honF;e, 16 hy 24 feet, made of adobe brick ,
l1a::; ht'('ll (•ornp! Pted hy the boys under the dit·ection
ol' l\11·. ·w est. and 1200 li ttle chicks are now cozily
(•scorH·Nl. J\lfalfn rm1. n1·e now growi ng in fl'O nt, so
th nt; when the lit11 ~ things nrc r endy to he ttm1Cd on
it. nn nbnndance of grl.'cn stuff will be close at hand .
Pickett 's hom e, 20 by 40 feet, has been almost com'lll •1Nt wi th 11w nirl of the boys, and will be used as
n .k itchen Cor the schol!u·s as well as serving meals to
t.r·mr imrtf;.
'fh c nrxt mn::;o11r·y work on the program· wj)] be the
t•o.n trnd-io11 of thl' (']uh 1wu . 'l'he foundation- has
been pn 1·tinlly eom] let ed and the r mainder will be
ruh~
·
Th{' goat mnnhrr l!l. nin of which are milking. and
fll'l' in t·h~ugc of two g-id and a boy. They attend to
th<' milldng au<l ,('(' that. the goat are properly fed.
'l'h(' mhhiti·y i heiJ1g con trueted as the inerca e of
nlhhi1s demand. About fifty rabbit now are ecurely
l10u ed in 1h{' Jmt\'11 . which are tJ1e product of the
0 l'Uliu
oft he hoy intere ted in thi department.
The fom· hor {'S belonging to thi colony lll'C in the
l)ink of eondition. and are carefully attended by other
boys who like thi ort of work. These horses are ex-
tremely useful in the development of tlte forty aero•'
allotted to the Sierra ~Iadre Colony. :
The boys and girls have been doing clearing wot·k to
a remarkable extent. It is the intention to clear and
plant the whole of the forty acres as fa t a time 1wd
conditions will p ermit.
The gardens, quite e~:tensive in size, are doin"' firw.
Onions, lettuce, radishes and peas have been eaten already and an abundance of corn tomatoes swe t and
Irish potatoes with melon , berries etc., et . are promised as soon as nature will bring them up. 1'h y. tem
of irrigation used is up to date and t he wat r . upply
can be regulated to a nicety.
Enthusiasm p revails among the boy and ..,il'l over
the success thus far made. Th e finest tt·aiuinoo I o ihlc
is here offered the pupils of t he school. Th y a1·, invited, but not compeJied to work, and o far th <'n'
has been no shirker. The task of furnishing and d 'veloping work and . conditions deYolYe upon Geor·ge
P ickett, who deser ves special credit. Visitors, e p cilllly those with children, are more than intet·ested in th
Sierra :M adre Colony. Th ey see an opportunity for
the education of t heir children f rom a practical point
of view. \Vh en the scholar fin ishes in t his colony Jr
or she " ·ill be fitted to tal<e up t he duties of a cit izen.
J\Ir. Harriman sees g1·eat possibiliti es to r t he youn ger
gen era tion in t he development of this manu al t raining. He believes t hat Llano can be made an educat ional center second to none, within a very fe w year..
In addition to t he more practical th_ings, Pickett ha.
not neglected t he play end of th e institution. A firstclass ball d iamond is just across t he road, and Janel
is being cleared fo r extf'nsivc playg rounds on which
will be t ennis courts, and the paraphernalia t hat goes
to make a down-to-the-minute exercise and playground.
lt is donbtful whet her any boy or girl t hat attends
t hi<; school. that is. th e regula r grammat· school, with
t he pra ctical and p layground end, added, could be in·
i!uced to leave ·the colony when g rown to seek n ew
fields, nnd attempt to huffett the sinistet· monster of
Capitalism. 'l'he strug~l e attendant upon getting a Jivin g is a thing av art and th e parents 11nd child1· 11 have
no worr·y on this score. It will not be long until this
colony wi.ll be practically self-supporting. 'l'hat is, it'
will raise an abundance of foodstuffs and the su rplus
ean be turned in bar ter to the larger colony, fo r the
things r equired in the lesser.
M
The Montessori School
RS. PRUDE CE STOKES BROWN is now in
San Diego completing arrangements at the Exposition fOI' the exhibit ion of the l\Iontess6r i
school system and wiil take Llano children fo r t his
pm·pose. 1t is Mrs. Brown 's intention to take t 11
children a month, for four months, for an outing as well
as training in the wonderfully charming Peppe1· Grove
of tl1e Expo itian.
The attendance at the llontcssori sclJOol has increa ed, until the average attendance is above sixty
little tots. ::\Irs. Brown has left compct e.n t tcachcrs--;;\lrs. Wilhide ::\Irs.. Richardson, 1\lrs. ~(astcller and :M:rs.
Buxton-to !!llide the young minds while she is absent.
It i remarkable the interest this school is attracting
(Continued on Page 2'1)
�The -Western Comrade
•
•
M 1 1 1 Vl 1 1 e
P r e p a -r e d n e s ·s
OR a week the
By CLARA R. C U S H MAN ~ Nellie Parker, must be just a
Parker home had
'; bit worse than all the rest.
been the hub of Millville feminine
After her rebuff she had n ever a ked any more questhought and activity, with -this one com- tions, and she tried to control her arrant thoughts, for
~
ing and that one going and the other one she wanted ver.y much to be a nice girl. But her eyes
staying, some to help, some to talk, and ·were bright. . They flashed messages to her brain of
'I.!Y
all to see Nellie's wedding garments, w~1at they saw the messages became perception , the
hom th e white silk gown in its tissue perceptions t houghts and the thoughts conclu ions, so
wrappings, "·ith little sachet bags pinned that in spite of all her e-fforts and prayers that God
in the bosom and sleeves clear to the very make her a nicer girl, the rudiments of 'the secrets of
garters that would hold up her stockings. There was conception and birth and maternity which only married
uothing they did not see and discuss, and the verdict people ar e supposed to ·know and talk about, an·d then
11·as that Nellie "·as properly prepat·ed.
only in whispers and in segregat.e d groups, become hers
.:\lelli e did not mind the general hub-bub. She was almost unconsciously, but with the vaguest, the stranglil'iu g in a cheam world which no one inhabited save est, the shyest, the sweetest of a generalized idea an
IH·rsclf anJ Jim Preston . Smiling, she listened and impression chiefly of physical suffering tt·iumph.ing·
smiliHg she comprehended hardly a word that was said. finally in the joy of parenthood.
Oll th e en :-ning before th e wedding l\Irs. Parker and
'l'he rapturous but immodest thought that some day
t hr .J ud gc drove over to the little cottage Jimmy had she might make her dainty wedding garments intobuilt for his bride, to sec that all \\"as in r eadiness-the cloth es for lter baby r efused to be banish ed. It nestledl
pantn' sh elves stocked with canned fruit, the cup- mischievously in her consciousness as though it Wclre
hoards with JH'OI"isions, and the dr·awers with linen .
a naughty child itself. She undressed and knelt and
" I helie1·c in preparedness." she said to the Judge, prayed as usual, finishin g, "And Lord, please help me
ns she pok ed some moth ball among the folds of a to be a nicer girl, for- " she should have said, "fot·
blank et sh e \\·as packing awa:v. " even in marriage."
J esus' sake, Amen, " but instead her lips slipped- " fol'
;'1/clliP, with that sam e smile on her "lips, was also Jimmi e's sake. Amen." 'l'hen she added, "And ior
kneelin g in front of a dra\\·er, concerning herself with J csus ' sake." She hoped t hat God would look over
preparedness, 11ot of moth balls and blankets, but of t he slip, as she was going to be married tomorrow.
Yiolct sa chet and delicate white garments with here
Byes closed, head buried in hel' pillow, sh e tried to
and there just a whisper of pink. They needed no in- go to sleep , but her excited mind went rioting off unspection. Sh e had made Cl"ery stitch of them herself. til sh e feared Satan himself must be sitting at the foot
Jt 1\"llS probably th e hundredth time she had unwrapped of her bed. Never, n ever before had sh e fel t so openly,
th em, run her hands softly over them and folded them so uncontrollably, so joyously wicked! Her timid
again . She ]mew there were far more than she would thoughts broke through their leashes and her conscirwrd , that after her marriage th ey would be too fragile ence went chasing madly after them to bring them
for eve r·yday wenr. Her parents had told her she was back. She turned restlessly and threw out her arm.
t>xtraYagant. She thought of this now as she sat bc- Instantly Jimmie's dark head seemed to be r esting upon
l'orp the dr·n\\·e r·. her lips curved in their perpetual it and her arm instinctively curved. Then it str·aig htsll!ile. She couldn 't t ell them that she wasn't really ened stiff and she sat np with a gasp. Rlr c was a
Pxtnt 1·agant- some day she could make her wedding wi ck ed, wiclwd girl ! Sh e got up and knelt in front of
tir e open window to cool her: hot cheeks. S he hoped
prP ~e nts OYer into tiny yokes and p etticoats and littl e
dr<•ssrs. Ilct· smilin g lip parted- it should be a boy t hat God would remember she was to be marri ed to. . . \l·ith gray eyes and da~·k lash es like Jimmie's morrow. H e must know that wh en a girl was to be a
nrp . . . and a yery bald · head . . . and . . . wife soon it was hard for l1cr to stay all gid up to the
very last minute. Sh e wondered what all those eyes of
~he flushed a deep r ed and hastily closed the drawer.
ln spite of 1111 her prayers and efforts, Nellie feared she God-th e stars-thought of her. They did not look
ll"llS not a good girl. Or· why should she p ersist in think- angry or shock ed. Th ey twinkled and winl, ed nt lrer
ing of things nice girls must. never think of, lil\e that one by one and by th e thousands, almost as thou gh they
:r hon t h<'r- like that. Gui lty a nd ashamed, her lovely wer e amused behind th eir inscrutabl e ligh ts. 'J'hey
br·ought her· some comfort. 'l'hat unseen fearful Power
~ milr !!One. to do p enan ce sh e r esolved to go to bed,
:r ltlr ough sh e wa. not 11t all sleepy. Sh e wondered if that brooded over her every thought and act, inscribotlr r r· girls found it as hard to be nice as she did. She ing black marks for th e bad ·a nd gold ones for the good,..
rrc·nll ed how curious sh e hnd been some y ears before, had forgiven her.
But the night sounds made her· strangely lon ely- thea nd how on e dny sh e braved her mother 's stiff reserve.
:.Jrs. Parker· had turned very r ed and cross. She glared croaking chorus of th e frogs in the marshy pasture, the
shouts of children not y et call ed to bed , the monotonous
ilt hrt· d11ughter. " Nellie Pat·l, er, I 'm ashamed of you.
.\"ic-<' !!ir·ls never think of such things. Go right up- lullaby of :Mrs. Macdermott rocking her baby to sleep
n ext door. Sh e was fill ed \l·ith feminin e premonitions.
st nirs anrl . ay ~rour prayers."
As Nellie brush ed her hair she d ecided there was She wish ed that Jimmie had not hccn forbidden the
·no douht about it . . Of course ·all gir·ls wer e naturally house and her on t his last night. His voice and. touch
hnd- that was E,·e 's fault in eating the apple- but she, would hnYe r eassured her. In that melancholy hour
--!!!!!!!!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!t
m
�The Western Comrade
24
uefore the spring evening
finally settled into darkness
and silence, as she knelt
alone before the op en window, Nellie's Day of Days,
her joyous 'l'ommorrow so
long drearn t of aud planned
for, began to assume a new
aspect. lt loomed formidably
uear and a bit te rri fy in g in
the uon-lmowable, non-talkable, non-thiukahle · experiences it was bea rin g toward
her .
Down t he road came th e
quarrelsome ra ttle of h er·
fath1·r's old auto. Sill! s lipiH''l
back in to hrd an d IJ,,g-:m to
c.:ount ha..!n1·ards in hopes uf
go in g fq s!•·,·p . Then an une:'f~~'• ·t "d
thi n:,: hap iH!ncd.
j],.,. mother. ordina rily as at'f<'<·tionatl· as tit< • illlitation
stotll' pillars in front of tltr
Baptist c·hrm·h. c•tti l' r•·d and
with tit<· 11tntost soiPmnit y
bent 0\'(' r and k is~wrl lt c t·
c·IH•t·k.
" (;oqd ni g"ltt , my ·· ltild .
:ILty (:od pt·ot•·d ~·ot t. " shr
sa ic'l. '' I !tope you sl\'C}l ·
1\'l· ll."
At. ]('fist tltosc> " '<' r,• h<•r
worus, h11t lt (' t' tone arHI man li P!' implied , "Ooorlni:,:ltt, my
child. l\fny Cod have nwr·ry
on your ~oul !
Yo11 won 't
sleep rntH'h tonig-ht.!'' So it
sounded to Nrllie.
"Mamma," the worus burst
out of
her impulsively,
"what makes you- what will
- how- " llet· voice died .
away quite unabl e to scal e
the wall of lady-like JH'Opriety that separated her from .
her moth er.
She hastily
changed the subject.
" Thank yon for all the
nice th .i ngs you've g iven me.
You didn't f orget a sin crle
thing, did you?"
" I tried n ot to. A girl 's a
lon g time maiTi rd and ought
to hr proprrly prrpat'<'d.
Good nig h t."
"Good night. Nrn.rly all
women get married som e
time. don't the~·. Mamma?"
"Of eom·sr. Good night. "
Nellie f('lt. better when she
though t of that vast arm~' of
o t h e r women, especially
when she r eflected that some
of them braved the ordeal
llllnmnmJlllumniDllm UUIIIIIliJUHmnmnnm:utmi1Jillllmnmmn
Ulllrnmnm11l11111111I1l11111Jlll j
Song of the Submarine
By George Mauricio
(While on board the H-2.)
J ~-ose along \rith d ecks a 1rash,
· ·1\ll hid by Hying spray,
,\nd enrcl'nlly I scnn:h the sea
For ships on 11·hieh to JH'e~·.
For none m ay l\n011· just when 1 :;o,
And non e when 1 may '·ome,
_'\s quic k as breath- as sun· ns d eath] send th,•m all belo1r:
Jnto ht· r sid l's m y missil(•s go- ·
To w(lu nd he r sort•, and the nLike fr ightr ncd s hee p into th e dl'cp
l>rop eursing. praying men.
Sing ho! fm· s hips 1 \ ·r m et a nd snuk;
Siug lto! my hea rty, ho!
A great rnae hin c quiek turned to junkf:on c to n, gnwe below .
·wh ere siirnt thin gs \I'CaYe in and ont
_\ nd J·n ggcd scn,rcecl gro w.
I nose a long beneath the fog,
T hat curtains all the sea,
A slim.v erl, all made of stcrl,
A thing of mystery.
For· none may SP(' a nd 11011 r may ]\n ow,
Nor lenrn my d eau l:v hate,
L'ntil they know the crashing hlow
'l'hat shivers every plate,
As through he1· sicl<' S my missil es go,
To wound h er sor e anu deep.
And from he r deck-a twisted wreck'White-facccl scamrn lrap.
Sing ho! for ships I \·c yet to meet,
Sing ho. my hearties, ho!
Pirk and pride of some mighty fleet.
Gone at a sin gle hlo\1'
Down wher e t he slimy sea-snakes cr eep.
Their evil e~·rs aglow.
I
mmlunnnmumnniifilllllllDIIIIUIImnnnnnnnlmmnnmmmumnmunnmmnnllllnnnnmnnnmrunnmnnn
J
not only once, but twice, ut•
even three times!
till mo't
women did not look happ,l'.
Now she should think thei t·
faces would fairly sh in,• !
Sometimes aftet· an evening
spent with Jimmie when he
had caught glimpses of herself in the glass she had beeu
amazed at t he way h er own
face shone. H er eyes blaze<!
like stars, her cheeli:s wer •
pink, her lip rosy and part.
ed. 'IVould her face shine
more t han ever after she w ns
married or would it sl op
shining altog ther ns su
many other women 's uid '!
\\'h at gave so many women
that· t cl'!'ible ma nicd ex pn ssion when their faces \I'C'rc in
r epose. so r eserved, so pl rnsant, so pnticnt, yet so full or
a sccrrt, furtive, smoulu ci·in g
somr thing- she could not under tanrl ? Th ere was not hing in t he scci·et of couccp·
tion and hir t h and matcl'Jlit~·
as she und erstood it, to make
" ·omen look like tltat. There
must he some · deeper, more
fearful secr et in matTiagc
that girls mnst not lmow.
What could it be7 Wide
a\\·ah e, alert, n erves t:tu t
from over excitement, Nellie
lay and ponder ed, and as she
pondered little beads of' p er·
spiration broke out on her
forehead and the palms of
her hands grew moist. Could
it be-was it possible-one
mi g ht almost think from th e
\ra y It er mothc1· and oth ct·
w omen · looked sometimes
wh en she surprised them in
a secr et conversatio n that
there was omething shamef ul in maniage, something
f r om that clark underworld
of t hought and deed that a
g il'l coulu not help l<now existed, for ee hocs from it were
su re to r each her a nd mak('
h er cheeks b urn with loath ·
ing and d isgust, ·was it poss ible that the world of Jo n:
could have an ythi ng in com!
rnon with that other world ,,
\Vhat an in comprchensibJ ,.
thing life was! What a pai n·
fnl, puzzling, lonely proces,;
being a girl had been, wi th
no adviee, . no explanations.
no sympathy anywhere. An•l
�'T he Weste-rn Comrade
25.
IJ0\1·, tonight, it seemed that
!.. ·ing a woman might prove
<I ll even more painful, more
pnzzling, more lonely pro-·
•·t'SS, " ·ith no on e in the world
t•• take her problems to, save
one. and him a man. And
.I immie had neYer been married. Probably he knew even
l··ss of women than she did .
. \ :\Ian! Th ere was no getti ng around th e fact that he
1ras a l\Ian.
And tomorrow
!J,• " ·auld hold her life in the
hollow of his hand!
She shuddered!
The thought clutched her
lwnrt. Sh e would soon be at
tile m<.' r ev of one of those
tll ystr riou;
mnl e creatures
"· ho for some stran ge r eason
1 ;od had made n ecessary in
Jlis seh cme of creation. but
HJ ·I·c rt ltelrss must not he
tl tou ght about hy nicr gir·ls or
111' \ .(• J' looked
at straight ill
tlil'ir ey c·s. Being nat urally
d··l)l'avr d h~· sins of l\Iother
E1·r . sh e had often wanted
,·,·rv mtH:h to look at th em or
rParl about them- there w er e
so many of them in the world
nud they "·er·e such curious
lookin g, · fascinating cr·eatures,
:ts th e~· swa gger ed about in
their mal e garments. But
she wanted to be a nice girl
ns hrr moth er had taught her,
so when on e of the forbidden
•ntlk ing riddles was about
On Dut y!
slir l'l hntys blushed and tried
- Dra wn fo •· T he W este rn Comrade h y J . L e wltzky
to put her mind on higher·
things, like Bible verses, or
the Golden T ext for the following Sunday morning. wh en th e girl was f inally engaged, t he books closed in
Of course her little, bewhisl;-ered, gray-ha ired fath er th e most <.'Xasperating way. Or· in t hose few books
was not a M:an. She never thought of him with a wh er·e tl:e engagement took pla ce in the beginning, the
l'itpitalletter. Nor had she r ealized that Jimm ie was (·oupl e wer·e always quarreling, or the hero seemed so
one before . Fir·st and for a long time he had been a mu ch more easy to satisfy t han Jimm ie, who was alplaymate, ·then one day as she was r eturning fr:om w11ys saying, '' Aw, why don 't you be good to me, Nell ?
school he had kissed her. It was just a dab, but it ,Don 't you like me ?" !<"'in a lly she had poured out her
had burned into her heart, and changed the f recld e- heart. "Oh, ,Jimmie, it isn't that! But it's like a
nose, wide-smiled playmate into a lover-a bringer of heautifuln ew game that I don't know how to play. I
miracles, a magician who by the merest softest touch of don 't kno-w what engaged girls ought to do. Do you ?"
his lips upon her skin could make that distasteful
" Gee! " Jimmie had said, "Gee !" as he sat down sudthin g called a kiss become an exquisite nameless .thing, denly and mopped his brow. Th en, ." I guess I've got
almost. painful in its hints of deeper raptures. And a general idea. And I 'll try to keep the rules. But
a fter the kiss and engagement had come another prob- J 'm awful sur e,'.' he added f irmly, "that one of the
lr>m. ·when a girl- a nice girl-had a lover-a very rules is, you ought to kiss me. "
So Nellie had returned th e exqu isite, nameless thing,
J·ageJ·, p ersistent lover-what ought .she to do ? That
is. if she was engaged to marry him ? Of course, the a.nd was very glad it was according to the rules.
And now the idea tha t her· lover was one of those
answer was very simple if he had not asked her to
marry him. If a man offered a ~aress without first J e- male bein gs whom her moth er ha.d taught her to fear
c·larin g his intentions, a nice girl must become very and avoid, fiJlecl her· with wretchedness. She fo r got ·
nngry and say, "How dare you 7" or something of the Jimmie 's gray eyes and mischievous smil e, his tender,
kind. Gi rls always did that in books. But usually protecting k indness. Sh e r emembered his short, black
�26
The Western Comra'de
PEARSON'S
Js the only Magazine
of its kind
This is why:Threc years ago Pearson's decided to
be a free magazine.
This is what it did:ABANDONED FANCY COVERS
CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
ADO PTED PLAI:-1 PAPER
This w as the purpose:-
-
A plain form would enable the mag.azine to live on its in come from subscriptions and monthly sales. It
would not have to con sider the effect
on advertisers when it wanted to print
;the truth about any public question.
hair, his prickly cheeks and upper
lip, his stern, straight brows, his
deep voice, his broad, flat chest and
hips, all those masc.uline peculiarities which emphasize him as. a being foreign to her, hinting of the
frightful and unknown. In. the unn erving, silent darkness about her,
in th e darkness of her own ignorance and misinformation her lover
became a stranger.
H et· nerves gave way. A lump
gather ed in her throat and choked
her: She began to sigh heavily.
Th e sighs turn ed into sobs. She bit
h e r~ pillow to keep from screaming.
H er mother l1 eard her and opened
th e door.
" What 's the matter , Nelli e 1"
" I don't want to be married. I 'm
not go in g to be married. I'm. not
going to be marri ed ! I 'm not going to- "
"Now don 't be foolish,. 'ellie.
Of course you are. Everything ';>
r eady. You 'r e worn out, that 's all.
It 's your nerves. H er e, I 'll give you
a dose of Nervine. "
She got the trusty bottle and administer ed a large d ose.
Gradually the sobs subsided .
Nellie lay with her l ids half closed.
th e ey eballs roll ed back A blue
circle formed about he1· pale.
twitching lips.
Th ey dropped
apart, showing the rows ® litt le
white teeth within. She sanl~ into
a heavy stupor. Th e d emons of
Sham e and F ear, her her itage f rom
t he d egrad ed past, might be powerfu l enou g h to dri ve away a girl's
virgin love, but they could not
with stand th e- effects of a tablespoon ful of Nervine. Th ey r etired
g rinnin g. 'l'hey lw ew th eir turu
would come again .
" How do I know the Bible is
ti·ue ?'' Ben continued.
'' Don 't y ou believe th e Bible 1' '
P a roared. " Didn 't I t ell you to
beli eve it 1"
"You told me also to beli eve m
Santa Claus, and in storks.''
"Can you po int to anything in
t he hook t hat is untrue 1" d emand ed th e father.
"It says t hat t.he rabbit chews
its cud , and it don 't," answered
Ben .
'' So you mean to tell me that my
prayr rs hav e had no effect on
"And God is good, ain't H e, Paw,
and j ust, too ? And H e sends p eop le to hell because t hey are bac.l ,
clon.'t H e 'I "
'' Yes.'''
" H e mak es everything and
knows everything.
Knew about
me coming ?''
" Yes. ''
" Th en if H e is me rei fu l, ' \ hy
did n 't H e stop me before I ca me?
Jf H e lm ew t hat I wou ld be cu r ious,
why didn 't H e give me a head lik e
yours ? If H e is just, why d id H e
mll l\e me t he way I am ?
""\ nd , if H e has planned everything befor eha nd , why do you as k
Him to change it ?
And fath er and son min gled in
close commu nion on t he physical
plnin .
It "·as wrong to qu estion th e old
about t hings physical or spiritual
11s th eir ultimate answer was punishment. So Ben went out into t he
f ields and spoke to th e flowers, th e
insects, th e birds. Yea, even to the
bones of the dead; and t hey answered him. Kindly th ey r ewm·fl ed
his labor. Th e God of , 'ature was
kindlier than th e God of Men. Th e
God of Nature invited th e soul to
feast; th e God of ~{an cond emn ed
th e soul " ·ho ate. Ben in his love
of ~ atur e le11rned the truth that
man makes h is God in his own ima ge. while Natur e is the on e, t he
r eal and the everehanging truth.
'Th is was the result:iPearson's now prints the tru th about
$(1)Itle question which affects your wel:fa1'e i n every issue. It prints/acts
which"no magazine that depends on advertising could
..afford ' ' to print.
And, with all this, Pearsons still prints
.as much fiction and entertainment
.articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of pretty
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year fo r $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can get botll PEARSON 'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for one year by
sending $1.00 to
The Western Comrade
924 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALI F.
Your Combings
•
made into switches for
one dollar, and up,
postpaid.
Worl: guaranteed.
MRS. E. TURNWALL
·
Llano, Cal.
yon ~ "
" I neve t· kn ew th ey were d ir ec t ed at me," said Ben . "I thou ght
you wr re talking to God. ' '
'' Don 't you get sm art,'' caution ed th e fath er.
Ben ignored his th reat and assum ed t he offensive.
" Pa w," he said in a drawl , "Is
God all -powerful ?"
" Sur·e," answer ed th e fath er.
"Does H e know everything,
Paw '!' '
" Why, of course he does. "
Knew about me before I was
born ?''
"Sure- even from et ernity. "
" F{e kn ew that I would likr
bones of animals ; that I would
study life; that I wou ld ask questions a bout His business. Didn 't
H e now, P aw?"
" Yes, H e did."
�T
The
e WesteT
.....mplt>:!:>, e1·olving in the dired:ion
as being a greater
f11r~:e than seJfisJmess, c:hanges the
~- Jmlt• lllf('ed or ~voJution as laid
,J.,wu l1y DanV"in, His modesty,
~- hit·b Jmillt' his admirers smile at
tfw timt-, pron.'s to han~ been but
~Hmt lwr asrw!'t of his exceptional
wis,lmn. 1111d 11•11\'C:fl him far greater
i11 tht• miud11 o( his mec:essors than
lw Willi 111 his g eneration, as likewisl• h i11 tlwm·;v. hcin, expressed in
tlw 1t•J'Inl! or tlw working hypothc,.,~. WIIH alsv )pft J'r'<'l' to grow.
.\ 1hlnf.' 1hat i·annot g r·ow is
d•·11d: a tltilll-{ that is finislwd has
,.,.il!!!'d to Ita\'(' any g r·eat Yalue to
or <·hi ldr<' ll. :\fl'll
'III'Wd to t h ' of dt•!' an d
h·s" l'f'fh·i(' fl t ml't li ods, and th ww uuIJ•· qllllill11'd with arry at all, Hre
11~ 1111111d• · d
ut t!J,. Pvid <·n<·es of
11'11illi ll )l ll l'ljUi r<•d hy t JH•S(' litth•
"''''"' i11 11 "" ''" Rhort whil <•. Th 1•
,.Jii ldl'i'll nr·•· ':il lo w!'d t o d cw lop
llillllt'lill ,v 1111d th e wn ys and turns
~I! own h~· t hr budd in g minds <ll'l '
~ i 111 pl,v lll fl t' l'elous nnd a c·onstant
Slll lt't·<·
f' inl'ipi r·n ti on . Th e ~vhoo l
h11s l'Pl'<' il· d \'is it.s from manv
ll' llllli'tt and nwn N lncator s f 1·om
d ist 1111\'l'. :'II t'. 1111d l\f rs. To11·n:end ,
(!'11111 ull lnnn;
1111d WO III I' II
:t
infinite in time and space. To know
about it is an infinite ta for infinite mind .
Let us neYer try to lock up iufinitv in our little mortal cr('e
and ·formula , but work togetlter
hannoniou ly witl1 the one tool
without limitation , the workino
hypothesis, and teach our children
that the truth a we see it i but the outer edge of an infinite r ealm
of wonder and glory and that
ever·~· step onwards in 'its di co1·er)
is pure joy.
r,.,.,.,•ish JH'PJHH'Nhle .' lt't n p;m. e
und look ut wm· nnd the rdutiou it
ht•nt·s t n tlw wol'ker.
~h. '\\'m·kingmnn! in time of w:u·
tw timt• of lWnt•l', do ~·on ~ret enouO'h
11) l't•t>tl. t•loth lUI l h!"lter vou Y
\\"ill the workN· of Enrop' come
hllt•k ft·om the trPnell . in Fhmders
lltlll flntl Hmt t h y hnYt> bettered
lht•il• ••t•nllomi<- eoudition !
Or wiU tlH•Y find thnt tJu~v lun·e
11 j.tll lml'k i;IIO Wll~!' hn-e~y and
't~md ~ ~f'('oft•r tax hurdt>n to pay
l\lll•k th1• lllOili.'_:\' }onned to fiD8D('C
I hi' war whit'h tlle workt>
fou bt
fnr tht• mo.t('r t'la~ of Europe, too
u' '"''t to fi~ht tltettl I !
l~t \n..? look at tlte. '1tnation here
W (" :tt('u nmclt in tlne p~ ed
a.oout
i:ntt-l'~
U tla~ 0t' B
ion in llesor Guggen-
By
George
Gibbons
hei m fa milies want to shou lder a
rifle and go to i\Iexico, well and
good. They arc interested t here.
But you men who lost your wives
and babies under the tents at Ludlow; ~· ou men of La\\ renee; you
nwu of Pater on · you men of Paint
:md Cabin Creek ; you men of Calmnet-but. why go on? You men
of the working ela , have you a
fiaht to make! Then don t take a
gun and fight to weld your. hackles
of er\ritude tighter.
tand in the
open and defy the master-cla. _ Organize on a co-operati,-e p1an, regard]
of creed or nationality. and
yon wil1 accomplish thin!!S. Fint,
~ the product of your labor. and,
ond. put the master to work by
~-our -de. To do away with waf!ell\·ery yon m
Ol:ertbrow the
eeonomie masters. beeause where
there · a mastl:er tthere mn'St be a
ave..
SOCIALISM
AND WAR
Continued from page 22
both g raduates of Dr. 1\Iontcssor i.
wer·c recently in the colony, and declared that they could not ima gine
a more- effici en t school any wher e.
T hey ma t·velcd at t he genius which
oYercamc natural and artificial difficulties and brou ght up to such
perfect ion th e Llano Montessori
school.
For the info rmation of severn! inquirers hack East, it may be stat·ed
that little on es from the age of 2 lj~
to 6 yenrs arc r eceived in this
srhool. Ft·om t hen ce they go into
t he upper grades.
or Master?
In 1his d uy of wur (in fart the
llln:t t l't'l'ihle \\'Rt' thnt so-called eiYiliY-uti on hn: t•\ '<' 1' N•n ) . thi. lav of
t'""'-
e
its erea or. A painter thi:nks not
of tbe painting he has completed.
This uninrse is a grea work of art
The Montessori School
n~""" .
Ta
orking Hypothesis eo aioaed from p:sge u
11f al mism,
lav
Co
By LOUIS B. BOUDIN
AIIIM< of "Th Tlotorollcal l~tlt• of Kill MilL"
This book tells you, in popular but thoroughly scientifi•
way.
(I " Socialism and War" has attracted attention in Europe
and America. Boudin I a.
great Marxian scholar. His
explanation of the economic
basis of Imperiali m is superb.
(I No
scientific jargon - 11
clear intelligible .tudy of
Socialism, Capltalirm a n a
War.
(I
Price $1.10, Postpaid
Yon can g t thi s r markab l
book In comlJinatlon with th
Western Comrade for $1.21i.
Make all ch cks or mon y orders payable to
The Western Comrade
924 H iggins Building
Loa Angelee, Ca l.
Notice!
IFyou
happen to ref~cl vc mor
than one OOJIY of thl8 f8t~ue of
the Weswm Comrade, kindly paM8
the extra COJri~ to th~ woo Jmve
never seen it. If the
you ~ve
them ltD JJOli~ red 1110011 b~ U1etr
l'eins, tbey •lU :AJJnl(;-ril;e an4 become frieJJcb or ~m IW4 (tOoperation the r~t ot their l!J'~·
mw•
�The Wester-n c ·omrade
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~43
Entered as second-class matter at the
poet o!llce at Loe Angeles, Cal.
!124 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal,
Subscription Price Fifty Cents a · Year
In Clubs of Four Twenty -five Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
F rank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. JV
".\fay, 1916
No. 1
Boost
The Western
Comrade!
It is the only magazine which can keep
you informed about
the Llano del Rio
Colony.
e ir('u lati on
Tilt•
l<'aps.
A
g•1r•s
largr~ r
up
th e ma ny dub
make.
by
e in·ul ation
ofl'e rs we
You •·rmnot d o bet te r
than subse rihe today.
] f'
.)'O il
<ll't' a SllhSt'!'ih t•r. tTy t o
get a not her.
l t is yo nr maga-
zir)('. For 50 l'CIIts \\' C will se nd
it for one yea r. l11 e luhs of
fou r· copi es, 2;) l'C uts l'ac h fot·
one yPa r·. Get your fou r nam es
this month.
The Only Address of
The Western
Comrade
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Make all Checks a nd Ioney Orders
payable to Th e Western Comrade .
.
J u n g 1e
J0
t t
1
n g
By Emanuel Julius
"French score!) in the air" is a
headline. The newspapers look on
this war as a game of baseball.
"What's the score '1" the reader
asks every morning. ' Oh, ' answers the newspaper writer , "two
Zepps down f or t he Germans; 1200
ya rds of trenches for the French!''
'rhe story of a single murder in
p eace times may terrify the entir e
''~o rld , but the · destruction of millions in war times is consid ered a
for.·m of amusement-a game.
· B attleships nowada s are nothiug
more than dollaF-cha ers for the
commercial pirates who hav com.
modities they want to unload in n ew
markets.
Some people have queer kink in
t heir craniums. 'l'h y admit that it
is wrong fo r an individual to ruu
around with a n automobile and
pump away at a nyone in iaht but
it is perfectly all ri ght for a na tion
to rush around with n lot of d readnaughts and a rmy corps. ·what is
'rhcre was a time wh en p eople b e- wrong for an individual to do erli eved scourges and blac k plagues tainly ou g ht to be wrong fo r a nawould be with us forever, but we t ion. The same lo gic. in my opinion,
learn ed that plagu es a re not t he appli es to capital puni hm nt. H
r esult of divin e displ easure but of · it is wrong fo r you to commit murhum an n egli gence. Th e same ap- der, what ri ght ha s t he state to take
pli es to war. People believe wars hum an life.
will be with us fo rever, hu t scienIt costs a para ·itc more to sati f~·
tifi c sla ug hter will go the " ·ay of
th e othl' r plagu es that have affli ct- one of his whims than it costs a
Pel mankind . ·w ars a r e the r esult workingman to fee d Iri s en tire
of hum a n igno r·an ce. \Vh cn all the family.
peop le lea rn to live by produ ct1on
H ere's a r e ipe fo t· makin g "OOd
a nd not hy ex ploitation. th ey will
haYe no r eason to hm·l th e missil es wage-slaves: Take fiv e feet s ix of
ordina ry mu scle and bon e (with just
of dpath.
enou gh bonehead to ma k e Hennery
Bcttf' r' hf' a dreamer th a n an un- invulner abl e to the ideas of th e Soc ialists ) , pl enty of patriotism, a het!Jinking sla ve.
li ef that it is pcr·fcctl y ethi cal for·
A work ing-man who dorsn ' t o"·n th e capitali sts to own privately
hi s job ra n 't call himself a free what the people nc d, and th e opinion that unless th e workers a rc very
man .
poor th ey wouldn 't do any work.
Th r rtlit orial jingoes are lik e Mix w ell together. Add the fol Artemus \Vard , who said he loved lowi ng: Opposition to a ny work .
the Un ion so .d early that h e was ingm en who strive fo r bettc1· living
willin g to sacrifice all his w ife's con dition s; hatred for anyone who
r elatives. Th e in san r milita ri sts wants the pt·oducer. to get t h full
seem anxious to provoke a war so social valu e of t h eir labo r . 'fak
t ha t th e m r mh r rs of the working- t his mess and put it over a slow fir e.
class ma y do th e dying whil e th e Let it simmer. Season with pl enty
monied intr rests rake in the shcck- of beliefs that t he old part ies wi ll
els. Oh , it's a great thin g wh en do something for Labor after the)'
you can do th e patrioti c t:tlking have fin ished doing th eir bit for
whil e th e othr r man does the dying. capital. . Garnish with a liberal dose
Rnt what will vou do wh en the of capitalist newspapers so that th e
other man learns. to tell vou to back dish wi ll acquire its proper h eavi no vour hot a ir with -~ bavonet? ness. Serve hot on election day.
Oh . .':von will think t''ice befo.re you
do an ~· war ~·e llin g. \ Von 't you ?
A goYe rument that does the most
for the capitalist minority and th
Th e men who write th e school least for the public majority d ehooks of a nation can make an~· sense the scorn of every honest
nation helien• in an~· wrong.
person.
* * *'
mPans a hetter· maga zin e. Look
at
T
***
�e
e tera C
/olony Courier
Gt-aduation Exercises
Piftem pupils of the Llano
lt' lftnmar ~~ehool will parti,-ipate in
a daM pby and graduation exm·i~ June 2.. The names of the
~~ nduaws
are: Laurence Ecklund,
0 iw..'l' Foorc, Carl Foreman, Allwrla l<"rea<l, 1W~JC Kaufman, Jennie
l..•·11lie, Vietor Stokes, l lyrtle
Ji•·mv, Mary Moulton, Daphne
White, Orma JohnHOn, Raymond
l'alm, FrP-(1 ~cott, Norman Scott
uwl Mcrl WaJiace.
Graduation Class Reception
IJu Monday, May 29, the graduril•'" oJ' th e J,Jano Or·ammar •'chool
f" the lJUtnher of fift en. h ld are•·•·p tlotl nnd dancw, for th e parents
1111 d f r·ienclK of th e grad es, in t he
ltl~t AHIWtn hl y hall.
Dancing contilllll'd un1 il 1JUi1'e late, af'tc r which
d11i 111 y r•c•l'r'!'tdlln nts w ,. • served.
Ti lt• gil'l gr•atlu ut H, assi.-t d by the
hii,I'H, tn8 ily tl ccorat d th e hall for
til•• IH'('ilf!i on. A d •li ghtful time
II'IIH enjoy •d hy all.
Th Hikers' Club
Llano Rug Fac o
Llano, California
The Most Com_plete Rug Factory on the Pacific Co
-Employing Expert Weavers
BEAUTIFUL AND DUR'ABLE RUGS
Can be made from your old Ingrain Bru l M qu tt tu:ld
Velvet Carpets or Rugs. Old Chenille urtains or Tnbl
make desirable rugs. We also weave Rag arp t Ru~ and r
Squares of every size and style.
Rugs Made from Old Carpets
Size
24x36
27x54
30x60
3x 6
4x 7
6x 9
8x10
9x10
9x12
Price
$1.00
1.50
1.65
2.25
3.75
6.75
9.75
10.75
12.75
Lbs.
Lbs.
Ingrain Brussels
5
6
8
9
9
10
11
12
16
18
32
35
45
50
50
60
60
70
Rag Ruga and Art Squar a
Size
24x36
27x54
30x60
3x 5
3x 6
4x 7
6x 9
8x10
9x10
9x12
Prl
$ .50
.65
.75
.75
.90
1.65
3.30
5.00
5.60
6.60
Lbs. Ra s
2
2*
s
s
"
7
12
17
18
24
We pay· freight one way on orders amounting to $5.00 or ov r . . ?
1• •
Ask About the Llano Special Rug
Ship direct to the Rug Department
·ttano del Rio Co., Palmdale, Cal.
· arri d
A TEMPTING OFFER
Hundreds of subscriptions are pouring Into the elreulatlon department ot tM
western Comrade through combination otters. Tbla nwntb we have .everal n ones added to tbe list. Would you like to get
THE
ATIO AL RIP-SAW
dth the Western Comrade at a reduction? .lust selld seventy-fhre eent. W ~
cln:nlaUon department of the WESrERN COYRADE, H4 Ht~ BW8.-, :to.
A.IQ:eles. CaL. and be placed on the ma1llng Hat ot both JDa413ZIDal wr OlU' yet#,
Hom9 A-4533
RARRJMAJI
& LEVDI
at Law
�30
The Western Comrade
FOR sA<bE
Thoroughbred Swiss
BILLY GOATS
We have 7 excellent young
billies, 3 months old, of pedigree stock
$25 Each
\\"rite
GEORGE PICKETT
LLANO , CAL.
If Y OU
are interes ted in
th e Llano del Rio
Colon y yo u mu st read th e monthly
story in Th e Wes tern Comrade.
On e year flOc.
Addre ss: THE WESTERN COMRADE ,
924 Higgins Bldg., Los A ngeles. C al.
Our
Greatest Offer!
Here is a combination offer of The
American Socia!lst, official organ of
the National Socialist Party, the
famous "1914 National Campaign
Book" and The Western Comrade
that not one reader of The Western
Comrade can afford to let sl!p by.
The American Socialist
for one year Is ......... $ .50
The 1914 Campaign Book . .50
The Western Comrade for
one year i s . . . . . . . • . . . • .50
Total
........ ... ...... $1.50
We will make you a
combination of the
above for just $1.00
Take advantage of this offer now!
Address :
Circulation Manager
THE WESTERN COMRADE
924 H i_g gina Bldg.
Los Angeles. Cal. ·
Smart S m a t t e r i. n g s
The uncompromising fight against
Social Imperialism is fundamental
to a r evolutionary mobilization of
th e prol etariat and the rebirth of
the International-S. J. Rutgers.
If our economi c organization is
th e chi ef cause of war at the present t ime, th e simpl e, obYious thing
f~ r us to do is to direct our influence against the continuation of this
c_iluse.- William .E . Bohn.
Force never vet. so far as mv
r eadings of hist~ry go, put Hn end
to fot;ce.-Bouck White.
Th e total mi litary expenditure of
th e warrin g nations for thr fh·st
yrar of th e conA ict wns $17,500.000,000. For the second year it will
he $28,000,000,000.-Milton Bronner.
Find mr Yillnabl c land idl r . Hnd I
w ill finrl yon idl e men 11nd idl e cHpitHl.-James R. Brown.
Some ' 'Crv ra rnest Soc iHlists nnd
others dis~ount th e co-operatiYe
movement on th e ground that it is
not suffic-iently rHdicHl : ~· c t whHt
could he more rHdi cnl th11u a movemrnt whi r h has for its gon l th e
com plet e dcmocratizHtion of industr:v.- Cheves West Perky.
* * *
Th e rit ~· goYcrnm ent hHs ceased
to he 11 powc1·fn l hroth crhoorl of local g1·il ft c1·-s.- Felix Krendon.
TJatHl hns been p erforming some
strange Hntics in this eountr.v during th e last fifteen years.-A. M.
Simons.
It. hHs been fo und in pra cti ce that
direct tHxes cut into expendi tures
on luxury more than th ey interfere
with investm ents in inclustry.William English Walling.
* * *
to p raise
I hesitate
indiYiduals,
· e pecially individuals who hold th e
r eins of goYernment.-John Kenneth Turner.
Impet·ialism i the attempt of a
domin.ant race to extend its dominion over other rac es and a _
similate them wherever possi-bl e. lt
matters not whether it is done in
the name of "the white man burden," "kulture," or " Socialism ...
-Henry L. Slobodin.
* * *
Had th e Social Democrats of
Germany paid as much attenti on
to th e developm ent of industri al
powe1· Hs to political power, the
present war ould not have hl'eu
pulled off.-J. 0. Bentall.
***
Som e work ers forget that th e
body is on ly a wond erfu l machin e,
and th a t wh en th e gea ring is on ce
worn out, it is don e with.-Camille
David.
***
Tf you want to make a railroad
broth erhood offi cial hot und er the
col lHr, Hccuse him of planning a
st rik c.-Jack Phillips.
**
>~<
Th e mod ern invention of perp ct·
nHl corporations nnrl trusteeships
has mad e it possibl e to develop fortun es so vast th ey exercise the
power of life nod d ea th over milli ons of men, wom en and ·hildren.Senator Owen.
If you \\·Hnt to get t he support of
th e work ers you w ill have to CJ'Catc
a nation in whi ch th ey ca n own th eir
own hom es and be able to mak e a
decent livin g, so that, if it is ever
threatened th ey will have som ething worth fightin glfor .-James A.
Maurer.
***
On e finds and lib eJ·atcs love and
more thorough devotion to w.ork
that in a measure helongs to him
thHn in a ta ck for on e whose God
is :\[ammon, whose con cept of a
worker is that he is a serf.-Fred H.
Beckwith.
Th e philanthropic capitalist is t he
th ief who has stolen th e cow and
who afterwards offers to th e rightful own er an infinitesimal part of
th e mi lk extract ed by him in t he
milkin g.-Anthony Turano.
�Th ·e
Wesl~r
Co mTade
E kskin Boots and Shoes
actory Operated in Connection With Llano del Rio Colon
IDEAL FOOTWEAR FOR
RANCHERS AND OUTDOOR MEN
Famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are light st
T HE
and easiest for solid comfort and will outw ar
three pair of ordinary shoes.
M en'e 10 -l nch boots . . $6.00
M en'a 12·1nch boots .. . 7.00
M en'a 15·1nch boots ... 8.00
Lad lea' 12· ln. boots ... 6.00
Ladles' 11)- ln. boots ... 7.00
Men's Elk work shoes.4.00
M en's Elk dress shoes .5.00
Ladles' Elk shoes ..... 4.00
Infants' E lk shoes, 1
to 5 .... .......... 1.50
Chi ld's E lk shoes, 6V2
to 8 .......... ..... 2.00
Child's Elk shoes, 8V2
to 11 .... . ......... 2.50
Mluea• and Youths'
1W 2 to 2 .......... 3.00
...
\\~e coYCr all lines from ladies , men s and childr n
but n
or hwc in light handsonie patterns to the high boot for m nutain, hunting, ranching or desert wear. Almost inde t ru tiblr..
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurements according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and
~-;tate " ·hethcr we shall forward by mail
m· express.
Sales Department
Llano del Rio Co.
924 Higgins Bldg.
Los Angeles, Cal.
Place stocking foot on paper,
drawing pencil around ao per
above Illustration. Pass tape
around at linea without draw·
lng tight. Give size usually worn •
-Already in Its Second Edition
The Life and Exploits of
By HENRY M. TICHENOR
Jehovah
'
No book on earth like i~lt 's a scream from start to finish-If you have not read it
you h ve missed a rare treat.
Price, single copy, of " The Life and Exploits of Jehovah," handsomely bound in silk
cloth, 1.00, prepaid to any address in the United States or Canada.
· ur librnry of Fr ethouaht books is incomplete \rithout this latest, laughable and intruetive work. For ale in combination with one year s ubscription to The \Vestern Comrnd f r 1.2 . Make all cheeks payable to
THE WESTERN COMRADE
HIGGINS BUlLDING
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
�/
'
ARE YOU PREPARING?
Are you preparing yourself for the future like
the Comrades below ~ Will you continue to pile
up profits for the boss until the day comes
when it will be said: "Well, you have been
very faithful, my friend, and you have made
me much profit, but you are getting old now,
and a younger man will take your place on
These
peeple•_.ar~
••
:M:onday' Y Or perhap you are competing with
Big Business on a small scale under the di illusion that you are going to become rich Y Remember! Ninety per cent of all bu ine ventures fail, while more than sixty per cent of
all co-operative enterpri es run on a ound
financial basis succeed !
preparing. Read what they say!
.
Diii~n~ Mont., May 4, 1916.
Llano del Rio Company, Los Angeles, CaL
Dear Comrades: Enclosed find check for $40.00
to adply on my membership.
I arrived back in Dillon from my trip, on the
first, and am bucking into the system once more.
But with a lighter heart, for I know now what my
·comrades are doing at "Yaw-no,' and I feel glad to
be doing my part with the enclosed amount.
With kind regards to those that I met in the office,
I remain,
Yours fraternally,
IRVING JILBERT,
Antioch, CaL, May 10, 1916.
Llano del Rio Company, Los Angeles, Cal.
Dear Comrades: Please find draft for ~20.00,
payments for the months of April and May, on contract of Llano Company. Am always anxious to hear
of the Colony, which I read in The Western Comrade.
Yours truly,
H. L. FRISBIE.
Washington, D. C.. May 8, 1916.
Llano del Rio Company, Los Angeles, CaL
Dear Comrades: Enclosed is a money order for
*30.00. payment for this month's in~tallment on my
contract.
With best wishes for the continued success of
Fraternally,
the Colony, I am
RAY D. DAVIS.
.
Washin gton, D.·'C., May 8;).91,6.
Dear Comrades: Enclosed find check f.or $10:00
as payment on my membership. ' The news ot the
Colony always gives us much pleasure and we are
glad to learn that you are doin gt so well. •
With best wishes to you all, I remain
Yours sincerely,
I. P. DINOWITZER.
Ely, Nev., May 10, 1916.
Dear Comrades: Enclosed you will find a money
order for $20.00 for the month of June.
With best wishes to you all, I remain,
Yours fraternally,
CARL ELLINGSEN.
Fresno, CaL, May 5, 1916.
Llano del Rio Company.
Dear Sirs: Enclosed please find draft for $340.00,
to be applied on my stock.
Sincerely,
MARTHA J . PATTERSON.
Los Angeles, May 4, 1916.
Llano del Rio Company.
Gents: Enclosed please find check for $10.00 to
apply ·as payment on- iny stock, month of May.
\Vith best wishes for your success,
F. S. WEBER.
WHY NOT JOIN THESE COMRADES?
The writers of these letters, as well as the
residents of Llano, have mov ed out from under
the weight of the fear of the future . They are
now resting easy because of the assurance that
the full product of their labor will accrue to
their own account; because they have passed
from the system of boss and slave to that of
practical and intelligent co-operation with each
other.
'
Are you prepared for the future? WhY. not
join these Comrades and make your future
secure? Think this over, but don't wait too
long. Write today, giving your name, address,
etc., and ask for an application blank.
ADDRESS
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
OF NEVADA
JOURNAL BUILDING
RENO, NEVADA
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-05
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-05
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v04n01_191605
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2018-07-25
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v04n01
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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CAPITALISM'S GREF\T ASSET
Apr1l 1916
live Cents
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THE -GATEWAY TO FREEDOM
Through Co-operative Action
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HE name ,of the Nevada-Colony Corporation has been changed to the LLANO DEL RIO COMpANY OF NEVADA. . Thill has been done in order to cohform to the name qf the only colon.
enterprise in which we are '.inte~ested-the LLANO. DE.L RIO CO-OPERATIVE COLONY, ituated in l.~os ·ltfigeles C-ounty, ·Califor.n ia.
'
We arc not interested in any colonization enterprise in Nevada, or _a1~y other state out ide of
Califomia. Another important change has been made in that we have decided-to issue our former
c·ontracts instead of the nne we offered as the Nevada Colony Corporation. This makes the term of
membership much _easier on the members. Instead ~f asking $2,500 for memberships, we have dec·idPd to c·ontinue on the $2,000 basis. This requires the member to pay $1,000 as the initial fee, 11nd
to WOJ'k out the remaining', 1,000 sh.ares at the Colony, at·the rate of only one dollar per day instead of
two dollar·s per day. Outstlmd~ng {!On tracts will be changed to conform to this when r equested.
Follow~ng is the plail_.:to which we have returned: each share-ho~det· agrees to buy 2,000 shar
of' c·apital stock. Each pays in cash or installments. $1,000. E·a ch pays 1n labor, $1,000. Each re eiYes
H daily wage of $4, f rom which is deducted one dollar for the stock he is working out.
From the
rc·rnaind c·r· comes his Ji ving ex penses. WhateYer margin he may _h ave ahove deduction for stock and
Jivin~ c·xrwnscs is cr·cdited to his individual account, payable from the surplus profits in the enterprist·. If an installm<'nt member ~al ls ill, is disabl ecl or disemployed, ·. the Colony gives him cYcry
opportunity' to recover and resume payments. In 110 case will he be crowded. lf he finds it impossible
to r·c·sume payment~-;, we will upon request, issue stock for the -f ull ~mount · he has paid. 'l'his is
transf"erahlc and may @c soi'Il··to his best advantage. In this we will .undertake to assist wherever
lH'Il<'licahle. (/or·porations ar<' not allowed by law to deal in their own stock.
The LL.ANO DEL lUO COMPANY is interested in only one magazine-THE WES'l'ERN
COl\IRADE: · ·This is an illu strated monthly magazine devoted to the cause of co-operation and Socialism. It has ,'bcen issuPd hy the Colony since its inception . .Job Hal'l'irnan,.founder of the LLANO DEL
RlO COMMl}NITY, is the managing editor. TilE WESTERN COMR~DE is the enly magazine that
we gqarantee will print stories in each issue covering the activities at the LLANO DEL RIO COMl\IUNJ'l'Y: 'Jlh'e ·~ubsc ription price is fifty cents p er year, clubs of four, _twenty-five cents a year.
You·.ar.e· urged to read the following with great care. It wm ·:give you much information eonc·erning a ~~on.y two years old, with .a record of wonderful achievement and success.
W.
ID . have:
an
abunda n ce of sparkling water from
• l;ll6~a,h1 streams sufficient to i rrigate thou-
. sa11ds ·of fertile acres where nature's bounty is
limitless. We'· are conducting a great agrlcultur1;11, horti cultura l, s tockrai ~ lng enterprise. We have a number of
Industrial plants. operating and a number of others projected. We have nearly 800 residents at the new city of
Llano and· tho'usands of others are planning to make it
their home In the future. There are excellent schools.
among them a wonderful Montessori school which takes
harge of the children at two years of age. Schools
range from this to the high schooL
Write today for an application blank. fill it out and
send toge ther with a re mittance of $10 or more to secure your membership. You can then arrange to pay
$10 a month or more until you can. so adjust your affairs
that you can make your final payment and join your
comrades who have already borne the first brunt of
pioneering.
·
The climate is delightful. the soil fertile. the water
pure and the social life grows more ideal as the colony
increases In numbers.
So und F inanci ng Ne c ess ary
P
ERSONS cannot be admitted to residence at the colony upon .the payment of UO.OO or any other sum
less than .Qle· initial payment fee. Hundreds write
and suggest they be allowed to pay a small amount, or
in some cases, nothing at all. then enter the colony and
work out the remainder on their shares. If the colony
permitted this there would soon be. a hundred thousand
applications.
The money derived from these initial payments is
used to pay for land. improvements. machinery and to
carry on the enterprise until it is on a paying basis.
It takes considerable time to bring a large agricultural
undertaking to a productive pojnt. The colony must
proceed on sound financial llne,-:' in order to continue
its present s uccess. This fact ,'fnust be·..obvious to all.
The management . of the Llano q,e l ·fO,o,.Coinmunlty has
never been unmlnd"f.ul of the fact']pllt there Is a numberless army that cannot take advantage of this plan
of co -operation. Ma'tly letters come in that breathe
bitter and deep disapJi&i.n.tmsnt. ··. No one could regret
this more than we do. It' 1s our hope that the day will
come when successful co-operative groups can say to
their stripped, robbed a nd exploited brothers: "You
who come with willing hands and und erstanding of comradeship and co-operation are welcome." The Install ment plan of payment whereby one pays $10.00 a month
is proving satisfactory. On this plaq the absent comrade is providing for the future while his brothers and
sisters on the land are bearing the brunt of the pioneering. Families entering the Colony begin to draw
from the commissar y. Some of the food, all the cloth ing, much of the material they draw, costs money, The
initial membership fee goes to oll'~t'- the support of
families until the colony shall be on a paying basis.
I mportant Q uestions Answered
W
HEN a member of the colony dies his shares and
credits. like any other property, go to his
heirs. Only Caucasians are admitted. We have
had applications from Negroes. Hindus, Mongolians and
Malays. The rejection of these applications are not due
to race prejudice but because it Is not deemed expedient to mix the races In these communities.
Llano is twenty miles from Palmdale, on the Southern
)
�Pacific Railroad. All household goods and other ship- almost every state. The only innovation is in the rements should be consigned to the name of the owner, · . stricting of anyone from ·voting more than 2500 shares
Palmdale, California, care Llano Colony. Goods will of stock, regardless · of how many shares are held. As
be stored in the colony's warehouse until ordered·moved this is 'to be the ultimate holding of every member, this
to Llano. All shipments should be prepaid, otherwise is considered a . strong protective clause. The incorporathey cannot be moved and storage or demurrage may tion charter is also the usual type and gives the corbe charged. Freight transportation between the colony poration the right to transact almost all manner of busiand the station is by means of auto trucks. Passengers ness. The Nevada corporation laws are liberal, safe,
are carried in the colony's auto stages. In shipping and well construed. There is no disposition on the .Part
household goods , it will be well to ship only lighter of state officials to interfere.
goods. Cookstoves, refrigerators and heavy articles
should not be s hipped from points where freight rates Community Management
are high.
HE LLANO DEL RIO COMMUNITY has a remarkIndividuals may own their own automobiles and
able form of management that is the result of evo many colonists do own th em. All livestock. poultry, etc.,
lution from the unwieldy, tedious and impracticable
are kept in the departments devoted to those industries. a't tempts that were made in the earlier months. The
The a im is t o keep the residen ce portion of the colony management of the affairs of the colony industries are
clean a nd sanitary .
in the hands of the various department managers.
There are about twenty-five of these departments and
Declaration of Principles in each department there are divisions. Over some of
N cond ucting the affairs of the Llano del Rio Com - these 'divisions are forem en. All th ese are selected for
experience and fitness for the position. The demunity it has been found that the fewer inflex ible their
partments hold meetings of t heir own at t imes they
rules and regulations th e greater t he har mony. In- select.
At th ese s ma ller meetings ways and means are
stead of a n elaborate constitution a nd a set of laws the discussed to increase effi ciency in the department. At
coloni sts have a Declaration of Prin ciples and t hey li ve th e m anagers' meeting as ma n y persons as can crowd
up to th e spirit of them. Th e declaration fo llows:
in the room are ah vays present. These meetings are
Th ings wh ich are used productively must be owned
held every night and they· are' unique in that no motions
collectiv ely.
are ever made, no resolutions adopted and n o minutes
The ri ghts of the Comm unity shall be para mount over a r e kept. THE LAST ACTION ON ANY MATTER
those of any indi vidu al.
ALL FORMER ACTION AND THIS
Liberty of action is onl y permi ssibl e when it does SUPERCEDES
STANDS UNTIL· THE PLANS ARE CHANGED. The
not restri ct the liber ty of anoth er.
plan is working most admirably and s moothl y. At these
Law is a r estri ction of liberty a n d is only just when
nightly meetings the work for the n ext day is planned,
ope rating for the benefit of the Community at large.
teams a re a llotted. workers are shifted to the point
Va lues c reated by the Community sha ll be vested in
wh ere the needs are gr eatest, a nd machiner y Is put on
th e Community alon e.
work, transportation is a rranged, wants are
The indi v.idual is not justly e ntitled to more land designated
mad e known and filled as near as practicable. Th e
than is suffi cient to satisfy a reasonable desi re for peace
Board of Director s, members of which · are elected by
and r est. Productive land held fo r profit shall n ot be the stockholders, meets once a w eek and bas charge of
held by private owne rsh ip.
t he financial and business management of the enterprise.
Talent and intell igence are gifts wh ich should r ightly
These directors a re on the sam e basis as all t heir combe used in the ser\'ice of others. The development of ra des in the colony. At the genera) assembly a ll persons
these by education is th e gift of th e Com munity to th e
over eighteen years of age, residing in th e colony, have
indi\'idual. a n d the exer cise of gr eater ability entitles
a voice and vote.
non e to the false re wards of greater possession s, bi.LI:
on ly to the joy of greater service to others.
What Colonists Escape
Only by identifying his interests and pleasures with
HE electric light bill, the water bill, the telephone
those of others can man find r eal happiness . .
bill , th e gas bill, the ice bill, the coal bill, the docThe duty of the ind ividual to the commimity is to
tor's bill, the drug bill, the dentist's bill, the school
develop ability to the greatest degree possible by availbook a nd school s upplies bill, t be sewer assessment b!!l ,
ing him self of all educational facilities and to devote
the drain of street car far e, t he annoyance of the back
the whole exten t of that ability to the ser vice of a ll.
The duty of the in div idual to the Communi ty is to door peddler and begger (Henry Dubbs who think the
administer justice . to eliminate greed and selfishness, trouble is ind ividual hard luck) , t h e hundred a nd one
to educate all and to aid any in time of age or mis - g reater and smaller burdens on the householder, and the
long Jean weeks caused by disemployment and the confor tune.
seq uent fear of th e future. There Is no landlord· and
rent is charged.
'Constitution and By - taws' no While
they are charged with living expenses, for food
ANY persons who want to know how the affairs of and clothing, the Colonists ne ver fear m eeting~ the grothe Llano del Rio Community are conducted think , cery bill, th e milk bill, the clothing bill,· the laundry b!ll,
in order to get this information, they must secure the butcher's bill and the other inevitable and multitudinous bills that burden the s truggling workers In the
a copy of a con stitution and by-laws. There is no con outside world. For th e t ax b!ll he has no fear. The
stitution. The Llano Community contents itself with a
Colony officials atte nd to th e details of all overhead. To
"declaration of principles" which Is printed on this page
of tl)is magazine. The management of the Colony rests his. the amusements, sports, pastimes, dances, entertainments and all edt~catlonal facilities are free.
with the Board of Managers. a m ember of which is the
The Directors of the company are : Job Harriman,
superintendent. These managers are selected for their
fitness and ability. The business and financial affairs of president; Frank E. Wolfe, vice-president; G. P. Mcthe enterprise are conducted by th e Board of Directors Corkle. treasurer; C. M. Cason, auditor ; F. P . McMahon,
who are elected by the stockholders. The corporation vice-president; W . A. Engle, secretary; D. J. Wilson,
by-laws are the stereotyped corporation by-laws of vice-preside nt ; A. F . Snell and Emma J. Wolfe.
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Address all communications and make all payme.ots to the
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY OF NEVADA, !\~~D~
�CONTENTS
Page
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Editorials
By Job Harriman.
10
A Modern -:'lfovie
By Anthony Turano.
Tuming the Trick (Poem)
11
By Ernest Wooster .
.Justice and Not Bullets
12
By Edgcumb Pinchon.
15
The Needs of Llano
By Adel aide Maydwell.
ActiYities at Llano .
18
By R. K. Williams.
The Montessori System
. 22
By Mildred G. Buxton.
Co-operation (Poem)
22
By John Dequer.
. 23
'l'he Sociali st Party
By Job Harriman.
The Drram Fulfilled (Poem )
23
By Marguerite Head.
. 25
Th e Great Str·ugglc
By Edmund R. Bcumbaugb.
CARTOONS
Labor· Crucifix
Ga oline Fever Heat
In the Arena
The
BraY~
Militia Protect Its l\Iaster
Frontispiece
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�THE WESTERN COMRADE
---------------------------Poli tical Action
S
Co-operation
Direct Action
NUMBER 12
LOS ANGELES, CAL., APRIL, 1916
VOL. III
E
Devoted to the Cauae of the Worker•
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Ol'IALIS:\l' \Yhat is iU Is it
B Job H
arnman
·
· d.1reet 1y 1ml?rove
·
1y or m
a s~> st<.'m of propaganda ? Or
y
dtrect
1·t .
Figlll'atiye]y speaking there is but little difference
is it a proposed systL•m of production and disbetw een a quantity of wheat in a man's stom~ch, and
tribution, and more ~
The propaganda that lllt'rely attaeJ;s the present a lump of coal in a furnace. The one develops energy
eapitalist systl'lll and rd'USl'S to <.'ngage in netual eon- in the body ; the oth er in the boilet·. The desire to
struetiH <·O-OJWratin work, is a positiY e force deYPlop en~rgy t.:reates the d emand; but the price, no
;q:rainst !-'<H·ialism. undl' r 11·haten•r name or ling stwh artifieial ,cause interfering, depends on the social
l'llPrgy "speri~ in its production.
prop:1ganda may sail.
~oeialis111 cHIJIJot he lt•arned from ahstral"t theories
A bushel of' wh eat or a ton of coal will g<' ncrate
;Jlolll'. Jt t·annot he learnC'<l in full from books. as mU<·h <.' IH'rgy, and is, therefore, as great a soeial
:\ t•it lll·r t t•at·IH·rs nor orators nor papPrs and mag a- power, whether it he consum ed by a producer or con·
zint·s n111 t <' ll tht• compld<· story. •The philosophy trolled- by a gambler in th e pit.
or !-'o<·ialism. \l"ht•n undeJ·stood . is at bf>st only a sign
Pow<·r knows no mpJ·cy, nor justice, nor equity,
post indi<·ating the din•dion in whieh we should nor sentiment. lt is mct·ely powet·. \Vhocve1· postran·l. But th e traYeling is, indeed, a very differ ent sesses it a nd controls it may command. Greed and
t hin;r. W lwn the exodus from Capifali ~m to' Social- am bit: ion freed and grow upon power gotten by gamism h<·;rins, tlll'n ht>gins the march of ':the multitude, hi ing in some form. All methods of gaining powct·
with all th c i1· hopes and Yisions, thei1· ideas and without render·ing an equ ival ent is a phrase of gamideals, th!'ir Yirtues and l'i,: rs. thPir memories and hling. From this unconscionable struggle, to take
l'intraeteristi<·s, thl•ir philosophies and their theonC's. somPthing from others for uothing. springs a sordid
ThPSP must a ll lw workC'd oYer and adjusted nHtil and insatiabl e eup idity aud ambition to hold and conthe multitude adua ll y grows fond of each other and trol one's fello\\·s.
dm•ll tog-ethel' as h1·othcrs and not as eanniha ls.
Eni'Y ownl:'r of property is, t hereforc, a little lting
So<·ialism is more than a dogma ot· a philosophy or or empe ror, according as he may be named; and his
food an<l !' lothing. 1t is a system in whit·h a new kingdom or empire expands in p1·oportion to the
>lltd difft•J'l•nt life shall he lived. Food, clothing and property he commands. Economic power, like all
sheltt•r, !Joll·e wr abundantly, and <>qually, distt·ib- things, grows hy what it feeds upon-namely, hwnan
uted , wonl<l he only a sounding brass and a tinkling Pnergy, human lives. It is a cannibal and it makes
symbo l in the absence of a genuine and profound a ra nnibal of most all who possess it.
a ffeetion fo1· our fellows. ] n order to develop this
We wonder if the users of automobiles do not feel
rellowship. \H must do more than merely .tearh, we 1he ennnihal 's ,.Jnws and tusks, tearing their very
must begin to traYel in that direction.
liPsh , as the oil trust 1·aiscs the price of gasoline. Do
At Llano, the march has alt·ead_v hegnn . 'l'h c med- thr_v not spPnd their life's en ergy to get the cash
IP_v, of id t'a ls. eharactPristics, th eories, etc., is playing to pay the pri ee? Is not more blood suclwd by eve1·y
its part. In some, thr impressions made by capital- raise in price ? \Ver<· you in prison, would you not
ism are so deep that they ean neith <:>r he eradi cated give any p1·iee for a loaf of hread to save your liie ?
nor adjustPd. Sa<l as it is tons all, these unfortunate So also will onC' pay the price. though out of jail.
fr w go thPiJ· way ; while th e r emainder, inspired hy
Is tlw Standard Oil Company a canni bal ? On March
a beautiful vision and an a hiding hope, and sustained 2!) , HllG , th e Standard Oil Company of Ohio declared
hy a <•ommon intri'rst and equal opportunity, are de- a ]00 JWr rent dividend. Rtill, the price goes up, and
wloping a spi1·it of rongenial fellowship, as cheerful the ri\·pr· of human blood swells ns it pours down
as the snnshinP and as sweet as the hon<>y and the thrir brutal gurgling throats.
hon e_vcom b.
It is the wielding of enormous economic power that
has convrrted thr aristocracy of Europe into a band
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of c·annihals and hronght on that terrihle war; and
CONOJ\TJ C p01Hr. \\"hat is it ? lt is th e tr<>- in timP. thr wiC'lding of enormous power hy our at•ismendou:; Yolume of human enC'rgy that is stored tori·ntic (?) eanniha ls will hriug 11s to the trenches
in the enormous reservoir of real and personal prop- and the slaughter.
If thr hlind lead thr hlind, th ey will both fall into
rrty of the world. GC'nerally speaking the value of
the property is determinrd b~ the human energy re- thr ditch .
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The Western Comrade
W
H AT is the trouble with Roosevelt and his
much boasted Panama Canal ? It cost
$400,000,000.
Any day the Culebra Cut may be
fill ed with l ,000,000 tons of dirt. Frequent landslides are not only making the canal impracticable
for either commercial for war purposes, but, the
engineers tell us, that mere maint~nan ce "bids
fair to call for $800,000,000 more, with no promise
of permanent and continued use."
The picture jars the Bull Modse. H e has
turned it to the wall and is
seeking new campaign mat eria I. A II suggestions will
he gratefully r eceived .
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N the California Social-Democrat of April 8, the
fo llowing editorial appeared:
The secular press conveys the "news" that an effort is
being made to form a state la bor party.
-It also announces
that Job Harrima n Is the foremost advocate of this scheme.
He i s quoted as saying:
"The Socialist Party, as n ow organized, will n ever lead
the way out of the wildern ess. The hour has come when
a la rger and more v ital m ovement must be born. I believe
that movement must a nd will be born or Organized Labor."
As an individual Comrade Harriman has a perfect right
to advocat e any kind o f politics h e m ay elect. He can organize a ll kinds of political parties a nd formulate any kind
of platform he desires, but as a member o f the Social ist
Party he can not do so and,
at the same time, be loyal t o
his voluntary party pledge.
The Socialist Party h as been
exceedingly good to Job Harriman. 'Vhen h e was the can d idate for Mayor of Los Angel es the com r ades rallied to
his support with a purpose
and
will
u nprecedented
in
American politics.
The machinery or ~he party was practically at his disposal to do
with as he pleased.
During- ail the years that he
was active In the movement In
Los Angeles his palicies were
in evid ence m or e than any
other.
If the party as now
organized is a failure, Job
Harriman must share his responsibility for said failure.
The Socialist Party h as no
fig!· t with O rga nized Labor
and it would seem that the
friends of both would not, at
this time, force an issue which
must necessarily array one
group of l abor
against
the
other. Let us h ope that Organized Labor will not fall for
this suggestion regardless of
the source from which it may
come.
OOSEVELT, Hughes
or Root? Root is
waning, Hughes is rising
and Roosevelt is now in
the !Pad. What a pill for
th e G. 0. P. to swallow!
Before they arc through
with him they will know
they have taken something. Did he not divide
them in l 912? Can he unite
them now ? Arc Republicans mere sheep for this
astute and unconscionable
politician to lead to the
slaughter?
Gasoline Fever Heat
Have they forgotten his
The Socialist Party of Calil 912 campaign speeches 1
-Drawn for The \\' estern Comrade by Dudley L ogan
fornia Is not th e · special preserve of any m an or group of
Did he not swear eternal
men.
1t is not the vehi cle to
vengenee upon Root for
further personal sc hemes or t o
serve
individual
ambition.
Jt
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not
the
tail to a ny m a n·s kite.
delive1·ing the Chicago convention to Taft 1 For this
breach of polit ical servitude were not Root and Taft
The question of forming a State Labor Party was
and all their machine men mere "pot house poli- not even discussed at. the State Building Trades conticians,'' ''tools of Corporate greed,'' ''rascals," vention, where the above statement was supposed to
"thieves," "liars," " crooks "? Did not an enraged have been made. Job Harriman did not speak there.
Republican shoot him in th e manuscript because he The substance of what he said appears on another
could no longer endure his billingsgatr ? Will the pa~e of this magazine and was prepared for this ocRepublican party forget his vituperation, and bathe casiOn.
again in the poluted stream 1
No one knows better than the editor of the SocialThe Republican party is surely as wise as that Democrat what Harriman's position has been for
"rare Nut Eating Bird" that let him go by, because years past, concerning the relation of the Socialist
hr thought the Colonel was rotten.
·
Partv to the Labor movement. He knows that r elaHave they not spued him out of their mouths 1 tion ·has never exist ed only in a small degree in 1911Have they acquired the canine habit of swallowing 12 in Los Angeles during the era of the greatest proshim again ? If the politicians have sunk to this level, perity of th e Los Angeles Socialist movement..
'l'o suggest that not a general cause. but Harriman,
can they also drag the rank and file with them to
wallow in thrir polutio11 ?
personally, is r esponsible for the heavy falling off of
. ..
�TheW~s.tern
the Socialist Party membership, which has happened
all over the United States, as well as' in Los Angeles,
is too ridiculous for further consideration. Let him
discuss propositions and not personalities. Life is
too short for petty quarrels.
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T will be unwise for the Llano del Rio Colony to
est ablish or to be connected, even remotely, with
anoth er colony, until Llano has been practically developed in its various branches. By such premature
expansion , our Colony would not only be financially
crippl ed but the thought and attention necessary to
our high est soc ial, educationel and economic. development would be diverted and our purposes, to that extent, defeated.
The
Comr'ade
So far is it from an easy task to establish a co-operative colony that most men, even· radicals, pronounce it impossible. But the people of Llano know
no impossibilities and whoever observes our development for any period of time, is forced to · the conclusion that our future success is assured. We are
far past the dead line, far beyond the point when
any ordinary circumstances can disturb us. It would
r equire a chain of· circumstances, each vastly more
difficult than any yet encounter ed, to cause even
a serious apprehension-much less a failure. With
careful business attention, coupled with the ener gy
now exerted in every department, our future will be
crowned with more brilliant attainments than any
community on t he American continent.
International
President ... Th e destruct ion of merchant marine must
erase; an accountin g, accompan ied with
satist'ad ory ex planations will be made
hy you to us, forthwith.
Emperor . ..\\"e deny all mora l r esponsib ility for th e
dPstru ction of merc hant marin es. Vve desirP to maintain friend ly r elations and to
open negot iat ious.
President ... Your sub marine operat ions a re in direct
viol ation of in t ernational Jaw.
Emperor .. .Th e Jaw was written hcfor c th e devclopmP nt of th e "subm arine,'' and hence docs
not apply.
President ... Th e principl e is t he same.
Emperor ____ Principl es are modified as new facts develop.
President ___ _T s th e "submarin e" a materi al fact¥
Emperor .... Very materi al and very ste rn and so
powerful that by its irresistible operati ons it is makin g new intern ational law,
late r to he written and accented.
President ... Do you mean to p ersist in tl;is wrongful
violation ?
•
Emperor .... Can Anything he wrong with an irres i ~;ti
hl e power ?
President.... Pcrhaps your submarine power is not irresistibl e.
Emperor ..... That r emain s for th e future to determin e.
\ Ve are dealing with t he present. Wh en a
new and gr eater poV:rcr develops, th en
another new law will follow.
President .... Your c ondt~ct , sir, is inhuman.
Emperor .... Are not the necessities of war inhuman ?
Victory is the only consideration. Necessity knows no law. Have you seen with
Con-troversy
your mind 's eye th e 10,000,000 living
men, and sti ll more dead and wounded,
along th e trench es? ] s not this inhuman ?
ln t his hour of stress humane impulaes
can play no p art.
President .... Not only Jives, but eommer ce, also, is bein g tlestroyed . .
Emperor _.. 1nhuma.n as we may be, we insist t hat it
is bette r for hu manity, to k ill a few and
sink a comm issary and t hus starve our
enemi es in to submission, than to permit
t hem to he fed mid Jed by millions to t he
sla ugh ter.
President .... Sir, t her e ar e Americans on the mer chant
marin e.
Emperor .... Is it more inhum,an to kill an .American,
wliil e on a pleasure trip, than a German,
who is forced into the trenches 1 Th e
commissary will eventuate in the final
issue. It is, th erefore, a necessary point
of attack and humane impulses are secondary to th e necessities of war·.
President .... But we are n eutral.
Emperor .... Th en stay at hom e ; stay out of th e muss
and do not evade th e cal fa ct hy trying
to hang your l1at on a musty, obsol et e int ern ational law. Sir, t her e would be no
issue over international law if the merchant kin gs of the United States were -qot
tJ·yin g to coin Europe 's misfortun es into
cash.
President ___ Nor would th er e he war in Europe, w er e
it not fo r th e ambition of the powers to
dominate the world's commerce. Our
diplomatic r elations ar e at an end .
II
�dO
- ~,·_ .·-·~-..Q ...d _- -_ -.e .: .-- r -:- ,. n,,,-:
_ -freq~ent
D 'OC·flops- ' WILSON'S
·during his ~v-ondenur
.o . v
...
-
...
:'-.
. --
.1
·!
ititioni~t~_ bec~on t<? so_~e,~<?ne off
'-- - By ANTHONY TURANO
stage.
triple personality exhibition as President has con- · · Enter-a thousand militarists, each wearing a long
Yinced us that the only way to get an accurate account cloak labelled with harmless tags 'Preparation.'' They
for th e heuefit of posterity is by u·se of the motion bear U. S. 'flags and wave them gaily.
·
picture came ra . Th e old time historical -painter with
All make way and a large group comes down th e
his dull canvasses, has fallen back into dismal desue- stage. They are the painted 'ladies of the press. (Here
tud e.
organist ·plays shivery music. ) Ladies bow to old Dr.
Nothing short of th e ·sharpest shutter' and quick ~st Grabitalls -and ·waive -th eir hands imperiously.
h•11s will catc h and reflec t with r ectillin ear r ectitude the
Ladies clown stage, each with pornographic pen in
spe1•dy gy rations of the Doe. The foll_q wing scenario hand. Grabitalls comes down stage; stands close Deis st ripp ed of tec hni ca l persiflage fot· th e benefit of the hind Wilson , who is surrounded by the J,olans, who
1)icture-going public.
writ e while he speaks. H e is interrupted by frequent
The trinity of personality of this heavy lead player cheer·s. Run cut-backs, melt-ins and melt-outs of heroic
is puzr.ling, in cxpli cahle-lik e all other trinities. One scenes on the battle fields.
Always H enry Dubb r escues the dear old flag just
thing is easily disce l'fl ccl , and that is th e remarkable
synchrony betwee n th e stock flu ctuations in w ·an in tim e to dictate in his dying gasp, "It never stru ck
Strr et and the genuflt>xi-ons of our Do c. As he bends to th e gt"Ollltd, mother·, it n ever struck the ground.''
plutocnt <'y, th e prrg n:mt hin ges of th e knee, melts in
End of r eel two. Heel three starts immediately.
and tn t'lts out in this weird chiaroscuro .
REEL THREE
Our hope is that this scrip may fa ll before th e eye
Doc.
discover
ed
sunounded by oil kings, nunm g
or so rnl' rntl' t'])l'isin g produr er, who will seize th e opkings,
cattl
e
kings
and
other. crowned heads of indusportunity to ea m t he undying gratitude of a gr eat
try. All hold in their hands titles to land and mines
pt·oplP hy prcscning th ese fli ck ering, fl eeting flops:
given them by Diaz, l\fadcro, Huerta and Cananza. Th e
ldngs are sobbing. They talk tearfully.
:Melt out
REEL ONE (Prologue)
quickly
to
scene
57
where
f
ierce
but
ragged
bandit.
1!) 1-!- l'rincetott. Professo r \Y ilson down stage, close
up vil'ws. Jleavy t·urtains in hnl'kgrouml. Lool<s fo r- sand lefooted and smoking vi ll ain's cigarette te:ns
wan!. Strong husincs~"; with eyes uplifted as he pro- Ame ri cnn flng to shreds with on e hand and runs off
t·laims prayct· meetings. Soft stuff with- folded hands. some of Gen. Otis' cattle with th e other.
:'licit ha ck to former scene. \Yilson shocked. Others
Titl e insert here nsks for softening wrath of th e Eternal
God (.Jawch ?)-"Give th e world eternal p eace." (This triumphant. \\' ilson speaks, but avoids words " \Vateh1·ould he costumed with hlaek gloves, a top hat ·a nd ful waiting.'' Doc. gives (•yes to camera. Strong busin ess of r elu ctan ce. Enter all the ladi es, each with a
alpa ca umbrella. )
End of r eel onr. Heel two will folio" · imm<'cliat ely. bundle of Uxtras. Th ey dance to slow musi c, disclosing headlines ·which r ead: ''American Citizens BrutalREEL TWO
ly Butchered by Border· Raid ers! " "Land Taken from
l!J15- Doc ·wilson dis co n~ r c d in munitiou factor·y iu- Ameri cans!" " Mexicans Say Seir.eci. Mines are ·Merel:v
sprrting slmtpncl. ;\Iunition barons, armor plat e mak- Rest ored to Th eir P eopl e." " Pretext Considered 1\fer c
et·s and oth er capitalists hovering in background whis- Piffl e." :\felt out to another scene.
pet·in~ and rubbing hands. Guide takes Dpc. to ChemFi erce :\Icx ican cru elly taking gold min e from hand istry depat·tm ent, demonstrates poisonous asphyxiating some American. (H ere organist plays much tremclo
gasses, incendiary bombs, submarines. Doc rubs hands stuff with grand crash box effect as Mexican hurl s
unctiously. Busin ess of appro_ving flammerwerfers and American into seething vat of chili con carn e.)
new kni fc bayonets and scientific evieerators.
l\Telt ha ck to scene. Wilson down stage; eyes filled
Subtitle-" Of course we would not use th ese her e. with horror.
Hegisters determination.
Grabitalls
hut it is alright to export them. Vve must not interfer e crowds forward flourishing Uxtras with Columbus, New
with legitimate business."
:\fexi co, scare h ~ads. Doc y ields amid shouts acclaim .
Demonstrations of joy by munitions makers and (Organist plays cr escendo, andante stuff ; strong cra sh.
Grabitalls, in th e background. Wilson seeing what a hang-like wh en the villain throws littl e Algie down tlll'
hit lie ha made with the re pectables in the back- dumh waiter. Thanks. )
All leave stage hut Doc, who sits on divan center.
ground, makes long speeches. Emboldened, the Mu-
�TIt e . Wester-n Co m·r ad e
Camera closes up. Doc. shows great weariness· until all
get off ·stage. Eyes register "Guess I did that about
right." Melt out to scene of American soldi'ers consuming seven days on quick dash across the border.
Show cavalryman in act of using saber to cut up en,·hiladas for his tired horses. Much cactus and sand.
:J[elt back to scene. Doc. does quick business showing
satisfaction. 'Registers. \l-ith effect, "Guess that will
;!l't the votes.''
T u r n
H "C sent m checks
•
1
n g
11
Melt out Wilson standing very close to camera with·
his regular illustr-a ted weekly bow, saying to the camera
man: " Thank you." Melt in American flag. Organist ,
,plays "Star .Spangled Banner!' (If this does not get
the audience, run a cut back showing our brave cavalrymen storming and taking trenches at t he battle of
"Huevos Pasados por Agua Caliente, No Muy Duro. "
Play the flag in colors and have the gentlemanly ushers
start the applause. )
t h e
T
·r
•
1'
c k
And in the meantimel\I PET~ DUMPE'l'Y
By ERNEST S. WOOSTER
The loyal glad handers, patills
It will be remembered by our readers that
l~or Yalue receiYed,
riotic grandstanders,
Humpety Dumpety first appeared in the January
The ''Of-course-we-will-fightThe results he'd achicYed;
number, seated on a wall, "but that 'wall' was
to- defend- our- great-land ".\ ud he lade led out bright
Wall Street ," and started his campaign for "the
minted gold by th e pccksers ;
half billion prize." He got it. But was he satis!led? See for your self.
Tl1e clicking typewritersSmole his fat sinile and quoth,
The clacking standpatters·' Boys you did well :
All t he worthy word fighters,
Fi\'C hundred million , Now for a billion:
And patriotic proud '' Datters ' '
Your stuff got across-e ·en th e President fel l.
\\' ith artistry, sophistry, guzzle and gushI see profits aheadWith whispers and sob-stuff and reve rent hush
You brought home the ham.
Adopted a phrase
Just one thing raised Ned'fhat shifted the gaze
And that's Uncle Sam
Of the gullible public
)fay make his own cannon and powder and shot ;
Off from the ways
·\ \'hich would cut out our ga ins-so of cou1·se he must
Of Humpety D:umpety
not.''
A11d turned it to praise .
Old Humpety seemed like a fat Santa Clause,
.\nd the Boodle-boys gave him their hearty applause.
And Humpety yelled, as he wrote a new draft,
Then the movie boys heard
''At last, boys, we win! '' then he puffily laughed.
And their cameras stirredSpill on the printers' ink1\'hen a dollar bill beckons, all forgotten are laws.
Run the film, don 't mind the stink'l'he scenario men
Make the simple voter think
And th e ones who produce
'l'he Ship of State is going to sink!
. Quoth: "0, see the Gold Egg.
That menacing dangers surround on each.side,
Now, where is th e Goose?"
.\ nd th ey followed th e scent to whe.r e Humpety was. And the Germans and British have riddled our pride .
Now this is your slogan:
·
'PREPARING FOR PEACE! '
.\nd to Humpety t hey chorused:
When we've got enough cannon
··We'll put the whole land in a state of such scaredness
Our troubles will cease."
That the people will clamor for gr~ater preparedness. "
Th en hy subtly devising and wide advertising,
They caught the home folks in a way quite surprising. 'l'hen Humpety mourned :
''I spent gold for education
"Watch! Watch! for.. our latest r elease!
..
'l'o prepare a.. peaceful nation
\\' atch for the thriller, ' The ·war Cry of Peace.'' '
To arm itself for war.
" We want an army and navy so strong
I have paid for this tuition
We can lick the whole world, be no . cause, right or
So I could sell munitionwrong! ''
·
That 's what I did it for.
Humpety chortled in triumphant glee:
Now if Uncle Sam should figure
" ~[ e for th e movies-'-the movies for me.
That his bills are getting biggerl:ive me a. plot wher e they wave the old flag,
Bigger than they ought to be.. \nd I know I can get clear away with the gag. "
H e might build his own war rifles.
As he signed the film check
And his other war-time trifles,
H e boasted, '' By H eck,,
And thus take the game away from me, "
.\t least I have got every card in the deck."
�12
T k e ·W e·s tern Comrade
Justice and Not B u .ll e t s
C
HARGED with having used
What we hungry people want is
By EDGCUMB PINCHON
· the mails "to incite murder,
entire liberty based on economic
arson and treason,'' Riindependence.
Down
cardo Flores Magon
with the so-called rights
and his brother, Enof private property;
Perhaps you are sensitive, a lover of beauty and spaciousrique l<~lores 1\Iagon, edand, as long as ·this evil
ness, a warm friend of tlowers and the open air, delightitors of "El Rcgeneraright continues to exing in the fellowship of comrades and the tenderness of
women; perhaps you have the innate pride of spirit which
cion, '' a paper pubist, we shall remain unmakes yo~ resent fiercely the unmannerly touch of the
lished in l;os Angeles in
der arms. Enough of
gross intrusion of another. Perhaps, in short, you . are
the interests of free
mockery!''
just an unspoiled human being. So unspoiled, indeed,
that ·in passionately cherishing beauty and freedom and
]ant! and fl'ec men in
These utterances conAuman dignity you just as passionately cherish these
1\[cxieo, rc>ecntly have
stitute
the
counts
for all your race. And imagine that, being as you are,
you were born in Mexico under the Dlaz regime!
hern
arrested a u d
against t h e Ilfagons.
jail cu.
You have read John Kenneth Turner's "Barbarous MexiAnd for this they face
co." perhaps, and you know what was the Diaz regime.
This is the third time
from
two to five years
A people who five times in sixty years had risen · in
the l.Iagons have faced
in the penitentiary!
desperate revolt against inhuman slavery had triumphed
the fifth time, had broken the power of the Roman
the penitentiary; for
The arrest of the 1\faCh urch, distributed the great estates among the peons,
twice they have been
gons and the indictinstituted a noble public school system-and Diaz at the
convicted of breaking
head of a reactionary revolt backed by Wall Street had
ment of their English
stolen this from them. A tiger actuated by fear and
the neutrality laws and
collaborator,
William
ferocity was Diaz. He drove three million small farmers
have served terms in
from their homes and lands and parcelled them among
· C. Owen, is the seventh
speculators, delivered up the rich mines and forests and'
the State prison of Ariattack in ninety days
oil fields to foreign exploiters- for a share of the spoil,
zona and the Feucral
on
the liberty of the
stamped out the school system, crushed the press, ruled
penitentiary on l\Ica beast over ruins.
'v.orking class press of
Ncil 's Island. ln a revtl;is. country.
Wall
Supposing you had grown to young manhood amidst this
ruin of all that is fruitful and splendid in human society,
olutionary career of
Street . is eager for an
and with your sensitiveness and love of beauty and cultwenty years, ten of
era of commercial imture and fellowship you had had a stark and rugged
which have been spent
courage, a ·capacity for fierce anger and the audacity to
perialism backed by the
rebuke the. Beastin the United States,
bayonets of ''preparedthey have passed more
And supposing the rurales of the Beast had hunted you
ness. ' ' To these ambifor your life, and despairing of making a successful 'stand
than five years behind
tions there is no seriagainst him in Mexico you had tied to the United Statesthe bars.
ous opposition save that
the land of Washington and Lincoln, there to utter your
protest. and organize your countrymen against the evil
"Justice and not bulvoiced by the labor and
that was upon themlets, is what ought to be
radieal press; and those
And supposing the hand of the Beast had reached into the
meted out to the revoluin
touch with the situUnited States and oiled the palms of the newspaper men
tionists of Texas; and
ation believe that Wall
and gripped in thick sensuality and understanding the
hand of the President of the United States, and then had
from now on we should
Street, controlling the
pounced upon you and beaten you-in blasphemy of your
demand that the perseFederal
machinery, has
pride-and slammed you behind steel bars, there to· rot
out your heart for three long years with the criminals
cutions of innocent
begun an attack upol!
and perverts, with the obscenity and vileness which bars
1\fexieans should cease.
the liberties of speech
breedAnd as to the revoluand press, the most deAnd supposing at last you saw the sun again, listened to
termined and far-reach tionists, we should also
the wind among the grasses, heard the guileless roll[cking of the birds, kissed again In freedom the glad lips of
ing in the history of this
demand that they be
- the girls- and then-with terrible memories in your heart
country.
not executed.''
but courage on your brow had set out again to defy and
"The ones who
In answer to this
rebuke the Beastcampaign
of suppresshould be shot are the
And suppose the hand again had pounced on you-and you
sion, a Workers' In'rangers' and the band
saw before· you In a sinister glint the steel jaws openIng before you to the hell you had just leftternational D e f e n s e
of bandits who accomAnd supposing that in spite of all your fight for liberty
pany them in their de.pLeague of Los Angeles
bribed and perjured testimony again gave you to rot in
. redations. ''
has been organized iu
the horrors of the steel-trap which society preserves for
affiliation with similar
"Enough of reforms!
her saviors-
I f ·I t
Were
You
�T h e . W e s: t e r -n - Com T €li de
In the Arena .
_:_Drawn, fo r The ~estern Comrade by J. Lewltzl<y
I•· :~ Klll'S in San Fran ··ist·o, Cliieago and New
York, with headqunrf•·rs at 621 Amer·ican
lla nk Build ing. lt is ,a
i"'nnaneut and widely
i.:J scd organi zation r ep. r•·senting on its execu111'(' committee e'l1ery
d i1·ision of the Ia bor
nnd radical movements;
<~lHl its services are at
1 iJ,. disposnl of" nll who
ll• •('d d('fense and aid in
t iJ,. strutrglc fo r ecol ~< llni'<' j ustice."
'1'1he L'<':ague itas taken
' h:n-ge of the ~fago n
: :·:
·
.
.
And supposing again you had come forth , shaj<:en,· ill, hut ."! .
still d,esl}eratelx.qet~yro!ned ~hat fr.eedom and beautY: a·nd; ~,:human dignity:.shd-Uid. yet fiourish on. earth even though ·'·
it .cOst 'you Y.our~)ife, ~nd you had gathered a few friends
' about you,' set~hld yourself on a little ' farm. put. up ~hand
. printing press~imd set out once niore ,to' u.tter. the call to
·human &ple~or and <'to cast dJlmnatlon UJ:!On, ther Beast ...- ..
which is not .:a man but .a whole social _syste_m- ·;
And su pposing the Beast yet o:ri.ce more (ho:w. you shu9dered .
'Yh.en you thoug~t of' hi~;p in the .nig)lt !) , had stretched
out his thic and llensual paw a nd, smitten .you .· to the
earth, b.4il9-ten . you !:iJf you 'streamed.,with blood~and tli~n
again had cast you· Into the steel-trap-b~Jilt ror"Wlld tnen
such. as you. · A,n9 you . were growl.ng . oJd, your ·; health
w'as brok,en, your eyes. failing-and there. was not. ev()n
enough friendship for. yi)u In the world to go your heavy
bail that you might enjoy one more brief glimpse of the
sun and the flowers before the Beast took you for the
Ulird and, maybe, t.lle last time-for human nerves will
snap at last in deathThe n you we re Ricardo Flores Magon and bi.s brother, En rique Fh>res Magon, now in l.os -Angeles County f ail,'
:awaiting the f inishing sLI'oke of tbe Beast's paw!
case, _and has .set itself
b -1
1
..to put up th e .1 eavy aJ
. 'o f $10,000 demanded by
tlje 'c ourt fC)r the t ern•
· porary r elease of the
pJ;Isoners, and to raise
t h e g r e a t l Y n~eded
f'ul)ds for their defense.
A •t
R k ·
d
· .o..~ Orl).eys y.c ma.n an
Kirk have.been,..e~~%ed
as eop.nsel, · botll of
f' b
~q.em -v eteraq.s in . lg ting th e battles of the
workers- the latter, in-
d eed, having served six
months in jail for hi:s
activities in t he San
Di.ego froo :Spee.eh fl.g bt.
�14
The Western Com·rade
Recent scenes of the Llano del Rio Colony, Antelope Valley, California.. {1) Community Club House. Here the
social activities and entertainments take place. {2) Some of the heavy draft horses in a corral. Llano possesses
some excellent specimens. {3) Planting strawberries. Several acres of these luscious berries have been planted.
{4) Digging lime, at Bob's Gap for use in the lime kiln. There is more than enough lime there to built the proposed
dty of Llano. {5) The Montessori school. This wonderful institution, in the hands of able teachers, paves the way
in the world .for the tiny tots.
�15
The Weste1'n ComTade
Part of the Llano del Rio Community Dairy Hen;! in a
Th e
0
N e e d s
NE of the most interesting
0
L 1 an o
experience give their attention
to this phase of the colony's
development. The colony 's futme depends upon the
specialization as seen in the financial department. No
man is big enough, or argus-eyed enough, to see everything that this colony needs. Many men are required.
The more men (and women, too ) that are here the
easier will be the work.
1t is easier, proportionately, to · take care of
ten thousand population than it is to feed, house and
clothe one thousand. Many hands mal<~ light work.
Ten thousand workers, men and women, working intelligently on Llano 's domain, in the fields a~d shops,
would spell absolute economic freedom. That is, every
man, woman and child would be free from the worry
of getting a living, or the wherewithal to indulge leisure, education and travel. Therefore, Llano is bidding
for ten thousand ardent, self-reliant, indomitable men
and women by 1918. With their coming a new world
psychology will be well on its way to universal adoption,
that of international eo-operation , the ancient and historic goal of all great leaders. We are sanguine that
within two years most of the desire will be fulfilled.
And, can we support that number 1 Yes, many times
over. Should Llano's land become overcrouded, millions of acres lie in this great state awaiting the magic
touch of labor. Millions of acres in all the states of
the Union are available for co-operative uses. Llano
will be happy to be made the nucleus of a world-wide
movement that means labors' emancipation from the
yoke of the vicious social system.
By ADELAIDE MA YDWELL
things connected with the
ranch at Llano is tbe interest this co-opcrath<e enterprise is exciting all over the United States. l<'rom all
quarters of the compass come inquiries asking for detailed accounts of the doings at I..~lano. 1\lany of the
questioners have just heard of this wonderful proposition, laid like a great thing on these slopin g acres, and
ask some wierd questions. It is hard for so many,
bound and shackled by the crushing competitive system, to understand that there is any place on earth
where there is freedom, and when· the t hree great
primary essentials, housing food and clothing ar·e the
things not to be worried about.
Yes, it is true that these things are thought of by
some members of Llano del Rio Company. 'rh ese memhers often lie awake nights trying to figure ways and
means, but the majority of the colonists arc not bothered
about it. What is expected here, is for each to do his .
little part, and in the aggregate a great work can be
performsd. If the machinist or the .carpenter or gard<'ncr would have to be bothered with the details of
financing the colony, soon their respectiv~ work would
suffer, and the worry would become contagious all down
the line, o everybody would spend the greater part of
their time in worrying.
As results over the world today are measured in dollars and cents, the Llano colony must perforce become
vitally inter-ested in that thing, and work in accord
with the rules laid down by ine,x:orable economic laws.
~o, men skilled and adapted by training through long
f
Cor~al
�Hastings on the Hudson, Aprll 20.-Militiamen who were guarding
a bridge leading to the
plant of the National
Cable Conduit Company,
attacked 250 girl striker s. Six girls and a
man were bayonetted. News Item.
-~~-.......
......,....,..,.__
.• . r
. . _.. .
.
' -·:··-
:-· - ~--- · .~ ...:,· .........• ...
:-
·- ~:;
.~
. ·' .
- ..
··-~- -·-.,
:- :.·-· . ,:
.. ·....
·-Drawn for- The \Y est e rn Comra de by Dudley L oga n
Once again the
�5TR\ K E.
BREA\<ER=
WANTED
'-•:'<~;:,~
·.··::_-,
a protects its master
. ~.
�18
_ . ~lope VaUey? the past two months.
· Fru1ts generally over the valley should be
good ~b.is year. Visitors continue to come to ;Llano. Spring is bring.:ll~~~~al unusually
Ing out the meoibers held back on account of poor '~eather conditions with
them:
Housing conditions are still
cramped aud the demand is more than · the available
supply. As has beer{said before; this is to be regretL \d,
~yet it is a most ~ncou-ragilrg ·sign. · If the colony wot ld
f'rcct a lot of homes and have no one to fill them, there
would lw reason for discouragement.
_
T!JCre arr many people indeed waiting tile opportune
moment to eome to Llano. They want to be assured
1liat there will he a comfortable place for them upon
their arrival. )fany arc hanging in the balance be-
Twins?
Well, anyway, they were born the same
c1111Se of poor business conditions and the general lack
of eommercial and industrial activity.
Llano suffers no inactivities. Here is bustle and
a!'1ivity. On_e hundred mcn c?y.ld be put to work this
morning to grcat ad,·antagc. ' ln no time fi\'e hundrcd
men could be so spread over Llano's land as to make
the ground productive tmd the city rise like magic.
The statement that ten thousand people could be
taken care of here has been controverted. It was stated
that we cannot take care of the people we already have.
In a way this is correct, but it is more incorrect than
correct, if that seeming anomoly can be understood.
The reason that ten thousand people could be taken
eare of is because each man and woman brings with
A c t
l
v
•
1
t
•
1
e s
them their native ability of
By R. K.
adaption and the power of getting a living plus the ·1000 or $2500., as the case may
be. l\fr. Harriman has often remarked that the human
is more than a perpetual motion machine-he makes Jtis
own living as well as the Jiying and the luxuries of
the idle.
Demand create opportunities. If a demand is insistent enough, it soon win he satisfied. ~[ost of the
things civilization is enjoying today has been due to the
demand for better things, more conveniences. etc. If
ten thousand people were set down on these slopes tomorrow they would work out their own saiYation most
readily; they would house, clothe and
feed themseh·es, and to the one not understanding the gi1p1t pO\Hl' that lay
in the human frame, they would still
sit hack and say it can't be done. The
same old story of the fit·st railroad
t1·ain going through the tunnel-it
would miss the hole, or the Fulton
stcambo'at, ''yon can't stat·t her,'' or
" if you start her you can''t stop her''
has to be dispt·ovcd daily.
The most impractical people, oftentimes are those that praise themselves
as practical. Those that always want
the eoncrete thing before t!1ey will belicYc it ca n he done, soon fall in the
rear, and 1he so-called dreamers or
impractical people surge on.
Some day we arc going to build a city
here. Th{) plans arc in the back office.
day.
Pressure of other necessary ·work preYents going ahead with the plans. Why 7
Because we ha\'en 't got sufficient men
to do the work. \V e need mor~ men, and will continue
to ask for them until these plains arl.) dotted with busy
men and women, all working with a thorough understanding of the identity of interest.
Formet· Mayor Alexander, .James Spellacy and Commissioner Wood of the horticultural department of the
county were in the colony rerently in the interest of the
fruit growers of the county. They spent a few minutes
with us. They were amazed at the progress made.
While these men are all students of s~ial conditions,
they were hardly able to believe that a group of people
could be gotten together that would work so harmoniously and produce so much in such a short space of
time.
�' •
The · Wes'tern Comrade'
a t
L 1a n
0
r , t'
i9
Eight acres. will be given over to s~ll fruits' ~ri'd.1
strawberries. Three acres of this tract h{\ve already'
·
been put in.
The firs.t cuttu;g o,f alfalfa began on April 16. It is
being fed to the cows with good results. Seventy acres
of alfalfa have just been sown. More witl be put in
from time to time.
·
\Vork is going on all over ·the ranch with precision
and care. More actual, constructive work has been
done in the last four months than bas been accomplished in the previous year. This, of course, is due
to the extra number of men. Naturally we are fretful
here to get on. We see so much ahead and our goal
so n ear that we get anxious. More men, willing to
buckle in and help construct, is the solution. Everyone
who visits us now sees t his. It is not necessary to
paint a dream. We have so many places to show them,
On May 1 we will be two
years old. Four farm houses
two or three miles apart was all of Llano. A dozen or
so p eople made up the population. Today .more than
650 ardent, self-reliant men and womei:t are .her.e..What
may we be justified in predicting two years hence '
If a colony can make a substantial growth, such as we
have in two years, from practically nothing, what may
we expect in the next two years 1 W e know that labor
creates all things, and many hands make light work.
Last year we were 70 per cent self supporting ; this
year we are confidently predicting that we will be
85 to 90 p er cent self-sustaining. Everything .is working better and easier than h eretofore.
The lime kiln is completed and has
started to burn lime. It has exceeded
Harry \Yood 's expectations-the man
who started it. It was expected that lime
could be burned within 48 to 50 hours.
As a matter of actual practice, lime is
being taken out within 24 hours after
th e f ire has played over the l'Ock. Ten
tons every 48 hours will be tal\en from
t he kiln, and that will more than supply the needs of the colony. The kiln is
a continuous affair and will be run 24
hours a day until a sufficient quantity
of lime has been made to take car e of
the n eeds of the colony for some time.
A good deal of the p ermanent work
of the colony has been delayed awaiting
a lime supply. For instance, foundat ions for houses, cobbling of the ditches
and many other things have been kept
Llano's Rabbits Are ~11 ;Housed and Cared For
j
back owing to the lack of material.
A. A. Stewart has charge of the tomato patch this year . He has been leveling with the and so much along the way that has been done by the ·
eaterpillar and t eams for some time past on his twenty- hand of labor, that there is little hesitency on the part·
acre tract back of the Montessori school, and when of the intending prespector. -The chief difficulty with
fully bearing will certainly supply the colony 's wants . the average prospect'is, we find, that his economic con.
dition is not such as t'o warrant his coming.
and many gallons will be canned. .• ·
The question has been asked whether tlie ending of
It is the intention to specialize as much as possible
on things about the ranch. · The garden will be under the war in Europe would affect the Llano del Rio ColP. A. Knobbs, as usual, and he has done some real .ony if times go good. We think so, but to our good.·
work on the garden tract back of the Tighlman place. No matter how good times are, they n ever get good
There will be more than 50 acres put into potatoes enough to employ all the labor. There will be a surthis year, if calculations do not go awry. Comrade plus of labor just so long as the competitive system
Xornes has taken charge of the white potatoes, about lastS. The co-operative enterprise will act as a lode
:!5 acres of them, and Moss will ta~e care of the sweets. to draw the intelligent and weary fighters in ' the un:
1'wenty acres has been prepared-for the sweet'potatoes. equal game. There's such a thing as a man being a good
WILLIAMS
,,
�20
fighter i but there's also such
a thing as knowing when
you're licked. Sometimes it
pays to go with the stream.
Life lasts longer if it is not
made up of frictions. The
average man has no chance
fighting alone. Protected by
numbers, which when organized means power, he really is
an entity, and th en can qegin
to live as an individual.
Th e 'l'hut·sday night dancing classes und et· th e management of George '1'. Pickett
continu es to attract the
younger clement and as high
as a hundred coupl es grace
the Hoor· and perform wondet·fully well to th e music of
th e full orchestra. The orchestntl music for th ese dances
is th e th e sam e as for th e regular Saturday night danc.:es.
Th e children refuse to accept
anything less than the best.
This comes ft·om education in
goo~ musi c.
Growth in all
linrs is made in this way, by
association and absorption.
We at·e constantly receiving inquiries relative to what
to hring to the colony in the
way of housing, house utensi ls and comforts, as well as
the ldnd of clothing. If the
shipm ent of the goods is not
horn too great a distance,
hring everything you can.
You will n eed everything
here. naturally, that you have
hcen accustomed to using
"back home." Don't imagine
that hy coming to Llano life ·
chnn ges in nll respects. Only
the economic environment,
plus geogrnphical . changes.
\Ve arc simply folks of the
colony. \Ve all want to understand the purpose for
whi ch we are here. It cannot be stated too often that
th ere is but one intere t here
:-that of olving the prvb-
The Western Comrade
The:-Llano del Ria Community now bas more
than two thousand of these egg makers, and
Walter Hogan, famous as a chicken expert, will
take care of this department. These fowls are
housed and cared for by the most scientific principles known in the chicken industry, an d results
have been gratifying. The temporary town of
Llano can be seen in .the background of the
picture. ·
Hogs are pastured in large fields of alfalfa, and
it is the intention of the community to enlarge the
herds to many times their present size. All products will be marketed in the most concentrated
form possible. Instead of selling alfalfa, they
will sell it in the form of hams and bacon. Instead of selling hides, they will sell gloves and
shoes.
lem of getting a living, or expressing it otherwise, retaining, as nearly as possible, the .
full product of our toil.
We simply are taking advantage of the wonderfully
efficient capitalistic · laws t o
solve these problems. for us.
Instead of dividing up with
a group of non-re ident nonworking stockholdern, we are
striving to k eep it among the
work ers, wher e it by righ t
'
belongs.
We have changed nothin g
but our economic surroundings, hence th e nece sity of
sticking close to the p ersonal
things you have been accu stomed to. Wh en you come
Lring all the household goods
you can. As ]•as been frequ ently said don 't forget th e
kitchen utensils . The bedroo.m .equipment never comes
amiss. Quilts, blankets and
coverings are n eeded. W e
sl eep und er cov ering the year
round. · Hardly a night
passes, even during summer,
that some covering is not
needed. It seems incongi'U·
ous to be talking of covering
th ese warm days, but we
know that chill winds do
hlow. This is said because
on e ou ght to be as nearly independent as possible. If a
p et·son wer e to develop a
desert claim v e r y t h i n g
needed would be taken to th e
littl e shack, so that that person could live independently,
like a king, in fact. By bringing everything used to, no
hardship will be experienced.
As for housing. The colony
recently consumated one of
th e most important deals in
its history wh en it got pos·
session of 250,000 feet of lum hPr from th e governmen t,
just twelve mil es east of tlw
colony. and with a downhi ll
�The Western Comrade
l1anl. 'l'he sawmill, with a 30,000-foot capacity, is now
Pickett has secured for the enterprising colonists
l•eing installed east of the new townsite, one-half mile forty acres-and, by tlle way, .f orty acr!!S is some land,
rast of the center of it, and rapid progress is being when following a plow over it all day-and on it orne
wade on its erection. B. J . Smith and his associates, garden is alr·e ady -planted. B efore this will be print"6d
who are very much enthused over this feature of the nearly all of it will be up and in sufficient quantities t o
tolony 's development, say that if t he same rates of feed aU the workers of that col9ny and tlten have a.
progr ess is keP.t up for thirty days, the mill will be up surplus.
The whole of the forty acres will. be cl ar d,
<!ltd r eady to saw.
plowed
and put into fruit s, alfalfa and otlter things
Conservatively .speaking, lumber for . temporary
l1ousing should be sawed and r eady for building within that go to make up a first-class farm. It will all be
ninety days. However, this time will be reduced if don~h the assistance of the boys and girls, direct d
poHsible. lt is the intention of the mill men to build hy-nianager Pickett, who also has charge of the athletics
the temporar·y, t wo-room houses in the mill yard, at- . and playground arrangements of the scho~l .
The club house is already under course of constructadt the caterpillar to them and haul to wher e desired.
Th ey est imate that six houses can be built in a day, tion. E. .A. \Vest, an expert mason, is directing the
as all th e sizes cuts, etc., would be done insid e the rHill boys in the construction of the building. Since the lime
a11d nothing hut hammers and na ils used in the yard. kiln bas been complet ed and turning out lime, work
The above is what we expect confidently to be lt.n·e on this structure will be pushed to tlte limit . The
lt.1· August, but in the meantime, it is advisable to bring tren ch for the foundation· has been dug by the boys,
l!·nts ot· other material for making oneself comfortable. and stones placed in the bottom to make secure the
The r·ca.·on fo r· suggesting this is because, as has been foundation. The building will be 54 by 110 feet. This
includes a nine-foot porch running on three sides. 'l'he
~ ~~ often r ema rk ed, we a rc behind in the housing, and
,.,·erythin g lik e this helps t remendously. By doing this building is to be made of cobblestones and brick. It
tit<' iue;omi ug coloi1 ists save those of us here a lot of will bP. a r egular club, with indoor gymnasium so that
111oncy and th emselves great inconvenience. There is athletics and _indoor sports can be indul ged the year
11sttally little diffi culty in getting a f rame put up for 'round.
A good ball ground has been leveled off by the
il tent.
Conditions, too, control her e. We don 't go
Ly any set and fast rul e. \Ve can 't. Conditions won't caterpillar and the boys, and weekly baseball games are
Jll'l'lnit it. Until we have an abundance of t he three played. Just across the road from the club house is
thin gs- foods, covering and materials for housing- · a ~ace clear ed for a t ennis court, and soon the zip of
the r acquet will be heard, as wielded by the boys and
•·ondition, untowar·d, as they often are, will control.
However·, we fee l, that the lumber deal, shortly will girls. Pickett has seen to it that t he very best masol \'e the housing problem. vVe th en will ma.k e a strong t erials, such as baseballs, tCimisballs, bats and racquets
hid for those ah·eacly waiting on the outside and eager are in r eadiness.
· They employ five horses daily and it is pleasing to
to join us.
see
how naturally the you ngsters take to fi eld work,
Don 't fo r·get t hat th e Llano d el Rio Colony is but
tll"o y ars old on May 1, 1916, antl wh en one con- hauling, et c. A flock of nine milk goats have a nice litsiders what has been done, we have r eason to be proud tle corn er, with Big Billy watebing his flock close oy.
or our eh es. One must not forget that every ·great ot·- Eight little kids wer e presented by t he mothers last
ganization had to go slow at f irst, make mistakes and month, so that t he total number of Sierra Madre Colony
nt t imes appear to go backward, in other words feel its goats number 18. These are registered Swiss stock.
Soon these colonists will have the care of 500 and
wny. vVe all know what we want to do, and are striving
to do it. \\ e wish that everyone intending coming more chickens and turkeys. .A few days ago Pickett
would have this spit·it . · othing in the world could.stop procured from the Longview ranc.h , a f ew mi-les distant, a lot of little ~chicks and turkeys. 1'h·ese •will be
11s. as ind d even now, we feel that only a cataclysm
··
r ear ed on the colony 's land.
t'O UJd do it.
The rabhlt industry will be gone into quite exten· Sierra i.\Iadre olony ' is the high sounding name
of the new colony formed by Georg~ T. Pickett and sively. The boys have a fair start now and anyone
run by the boy and girls of Llano. It is her e empbat- familiar with the productivity of rabbi ts can und. ~r
i•·ally stated that tlte girls have as much interest in this stand what soon will happen there.
.All in all, we consider the most important work on
•'ulony within a colony as the boys. . orne irre.v erant
Jwoplc. and the writer has been accused of being that the ranch, to insure t he futu re success and maintenance
P••ople. ha,•e called it the "boys : colony. " The girls of the big colony's life, is being laid in· this smaller
v re ju t as much interest-ed as the boys.
(Continued on Pa.ge 26)
�22
The Western · Comrade
The Montessori S _ystem
b e 1 i e v e with
quietly about setting the tables.
By MILDRED G. BUXTON
Whitman that the
and pr paring the meal. W'he.11
work of teaching is august, the demands this is done and a cafeteria line form d, the hot soup or ·
obdurate; but our reward, which is al- rice, or wJta.tever is served car_eiully carried to the '
ready in sight, surpasses our fondest place, a sight greets one that i almo t awe in pirin<> in
its promise for the future. To one accustom d under
dreams.
We have the Montessori Children's capitalism to the habit of each fellow for himself and
House with an average daily attendance the devil take the hindmost, the sight of forty little
of forty and the wonderful results already showing pairs of hands folded and waiting, not at a word of
at the end of six months, satisfy us tha.t we are well · command, but from the inner knowledge that all huve
along the right track towards true· Edu_cation.
not yet been served, so that no on e i willinu to begin,
Fot· so many year·s educators have been divided as it is a sight, I say again, to thrill one.
to wh<•thcr society or th e individual should be developed
'l'here is no attempt made here to teach the children
and changed first to make an ideal world, and the what we older ones know ; the didatic material used
~encral conditions today show how far they have ad!faches principles and the applica tion is made by th
varH:Pd when the two th eories were followed sppnr:-----Child. In other words, we merely provide a support
ate ly.
C
for the little tendrils to clin g to as they grow straight
We, in aeeo rdan cc with the Montessori idea, are and strong, and that the tendrils do r each out and take
"givi ng tlu~ <:hi ld to him se lf ;" cou ld anything be more hold even highet· and hi gher is shown every day.
glori ous for him 1 Jn accordance with our Colony ideal
Manners, as such, a.re not taught, but ·when a Jittl
of eo-oprration, we are working together to make So- three-year old tums to a companion who is carrying a
<·ir.ty what it should be fo r this roundly-developed, bench and says, with a bea tiful smile, "May I help
well·poist•d individu al; could anything be more glor- yo u carry it 1" we know that the spirit, which actuates
ions for· Society 1
good mann ers is at work and we rejoice. When it group
The individual and soeicty develop together, each for goes out silently to see som e yellow roses growing ··b ethc other. lsn 't it a wond erful r ealization of our hind one of the t ents neat·hy, and a wee one, with an
dreams?
ecstatic expression says, "It
Children allowed to develop
is shining in its small corner,
_
isn't it ?" we are sure the coron this atmosphet·c from t heit·
babyhood cannot fai l to be
By JOHN DEQUER
relation is p erfect and even if
stt·ong lights on the road that
stereotyped expressions are
0-0PERA'riON of the worket·s is
leads to freedom for us all.
the only cure for th e insanity of
omitted occasionally, we know
W c believe t he old law of t he
militarism. When your mind is upon
th e littl e soul is awake and
survival of the fittest will have
construction for yourself, you have no
with fhe possibilities we have
uo application here,· because
time to think of the destruction of
here for development, we rest
individuals seeing t he way and
others.
content.
allowed to develop themselves
Co-operation is the only cure for
When a l"ttl e fellow, whose
poverty; for when you produce and conto their fullest capabilities
sume your products in such a way that
previous condition was quite
r annot help but be fit.
there is no waste or graft, you can haYe
otherwise, came to school with
For the wee ones from two
pl enty and to spare.
a suit of clothes and shoes
and a half to six, we have a
Co-operation is the great ant~dote for
properly buttoned, a clean
six-room house with large yard
disease, as it relieves the mental strain
folded handkerchief in a new,
of the individual struggle. It reduces
surrounded by cottonwood
the excessive hours of labor. It eliminconvenient pocket, we saw that
trees. Swings, and tables, th ~ ates the incentive to the poisoning of
the body was greatly relieved
horizontal bar and balls profood-hence it is conducive to general
and events proved that the
vide opportunity for free play.
health.
.
mind and soul were also freed ;
Co-operation is a spiritual force in
in fact, his spiritual developThe big yard allows plenty of
that it calls mankind from every walk
room to serve the noon meal
of life into one organization for their
ment be.g an from that day, and
out of doors and it is an evercollective benefit. It is the tie that
from a troublesome child, who
i n c r e a sin g inspiration to
binds our hearts in brotherhood.
was a real menace to .o thers,
watch · the little ones moving
(Continued .on P:a ge 27}
Co-Operation
C
�,.,
.s..~:cf~ c ... i ;. a
..r.·.n
F ·,.··.:··a-"·_ ·- -r
p· ·
dej>'lorable . condi. !'.
'phiios~phies. it'is a propaganda o;By JOB HARRIMAN
tion in which \ve find
, g'anizatiori.' It is resolving itself into
the Socialist Par'ty, calls for a frank and -.a 'school, ip.stead of a flghtin~ machine. It seeks to el~ct
open discussion of its policies, the cause
officers . to carry out: ideas and ideals rather than to
of its impotency and the changes neces- protect 'interests and develop instituti~ns. ·
·
sar·y to he made in order to r evive and
As ·a purely political · o'rganii~:tion, acting indeinvigorate it, and to make it a power pendent of all industrial and· economic movinnenis,· ·t he
in the Labor· :Movement. '!.'hat the con- Socialist Party 'can do but little. The officials elected
dition is deplorable there is no question. When 'a by the Soc;alist Party not o·n1y have to 'contend ,~!th
gTeat labor organization loses 50 per cent of its mem- the officials elected by the other parties -but t hey ·also
ht·rship in four years; wh en, for want of fu nds, it is have to contend 'vith the economic 'ai:Id industrial in··ompelled to withdraw its organizers from the field; terests of the land with which those officials a~e vitally
to re>duce tlw amount of cash to be expended in the connected and by which they are co-n trolled. The offipuhlication of its literature and to curtail expenses by cials elect ed by the other parties are supported by all
n•ducin g th e fon·e in its national office, in th e face of t he economic and industri_al power of the country, in
the needs of th e hour ; there is something f undamen- their effort to make such rules as will tend to protect
ta lly wrong with its policies, its methods and its plan and multiply those powers. While the officials of the ·
of organization.
Socialist Party, representing a purely political organizaA great labor organization ? Perhaps th e Socialist tion, strive to enact such rules as may conform to the
!'arty is not a great labor organization. P erhaps it principlrs :md th eories of t hat organization ; wer e they
is only a quasi-labor organization, with a strong t en- vitally conn ect ed with and controlled by gr·eat indusdeney to become ever· less and less a labor movem ent trial and economic movements, their, efforts would be
and more and more an intellectual and quasi-religious direct ed toward enacting such rul es as would protect
moYement.
and multiply the power of such movements. The prinAs a matter of fac t, this intellectual, religious l'iplcs and theories of t he party would then become
tf· ndency is precisely what is deYeloping in the Socialist manifest as the power of those movements is developed.
Part~'· It is, as rapidly as possihlt:>, developing the spirit
nf the old SociaList-IJabot•
Party. The dominant idea
st•(•ms no longer to he-" Wiu1t
.. an we do ?" but " I s he
•·lea r?" The more the fo rmer
rr=========· === ========ii Without such powet· being
idea is frown ed upon and the
latt er emphasized, the more
purely intellectual, idealistic
and fa natical the movement
hecomes. If p ersisted in, long
rnough, th ese id eas will resolve
thrmselves into a Tobogan
sli de, upon which th e party
will ride backward to its place
of beginning. It is now moving rapidly in that directiQJl .
The fundamental weakness
of the Socialist Party lies in
thr fact that it stands alone
and without a vital connection
the accompli hments o,f the
officials elected by t he Socialist Party, with but · fe'r exceptions, have bee and must
· ·continue to be meager and of
hut slight importance. If the
effects of their· meager uccomplishments would · end
t here, the damage would not
'oe so g reat. B ut w h en t 11e
general public, as well as the
membership of the party, observe the fact, it tu rns the
puhli c away and strikes palsy
in the hearts of th e member-
wi th any economic or indusmovement. Its found at ion is laid in theories and
t t·ial.
The Dream Fulfilled
.By MARGUERITE HEAD
Q TOll..JER, let thy soul ascend
Beyond th e pain and sordid things
For just a littl e space, today;
Through Dreamland ·s portals let it
wend
A sunlit."·ay
On soaring win gs.
Ft·om Dreamland's qnanirs we may
hew
Th e noblest shapes the world has
known ;
Great monuments of work or art
Are hut the fo rms of dreams come true ;
• So make, Sad Heart,
One dream thine own:
A commonwealth of love and t ruthWhite cities fair, thy mind shall build ,
Wh ere joy combines with busy hands ;
This dream bequeath thy rising youth,
And lo! there stands
Th e dream fulfilled!
vitally connected with, and
having control over it, the Socialist Party never will ltave
power to greatly modify existin g institutions.
It is for this r eason that
sh ip.
It is the inherent weakness
of the party that is sounding
�24
The Wes t e rn Comrade
its death knell. Weaknel!S not only begets contempt, action is only an instrtllllent of warfare. The strike
in the minda of our enemies, but it causes despair in the boycott, co-operation and nume.r ous other means IU'e
our own minds. If the psychology of despair is de- likewise employed.
A political party must be a practical fighting maveloped in the labor movement, disintegration will
not only set in but an era of aestruction will follow. chine for what the class wants now. What it wants
The development of power alone will inspire the labor hereafter will come hereafter, if the class gets what it
movement to inaugurate a constructive political and wants now, and not otherwise. The economic and inindustrial policy. There is nothing so deadening as dustrial movements must use every available device,
pessimism in th e movement. Indeed, .pessimism is only means and method to iricrease their power. Power is
a process of decay. All nature is an optimist during its the sole desideration. All things come with it. Hence,
period of growth. It is a pessimist when decay sets in. whatsoever method, means or device multiplies the
Th e labor movement and th e Socialistr Party are not power of the industrial and economic movements is
missing links. Th ey are not e~ceptiol!S. To prevent justifiable, is right, nay, is necessary.
E conomic and industrial · movemen.ts purify thempessimi sm and decay, th ey must develop power. With
pow er comes a ll things. It - works ·wonders in the .selves in proportion to their action. A movement that
mov ement.
With it co mes hope, without which no delegates its power, political or economic, becomes corrno vemcut ca n survive. Hope carries with it a will and rupt. The tempt~tions laid before the agent becomes
a determinati on to do and a feeling of confidence and too great to withstand. If, however, the votes of the
l't·llowship that arouses th e fellowship of an organiza- movement are bound up with its interests in the same
. tion to it ~ maximum effic iency. Hope is th e psychol- mann er and degree as are the strikeS' and boycotts, and
ogy or S III'! ' I'SS. Despair th e psychology of failure . Hope are used and handled by t he movement in the same ·
and powt·r· go haud in hand to victory. W eakness and manner and fo r the same purpose fo r whi ch the strikes
des pair It-ad hut to tire g ra ve. An intellectual, quasi- or boycotts are used, th en th e movement-will become as
rc ·li gious pnliti eal party, detach ed from economi c and in c orruptihl ~ in its politica l activiti es as it is in it~
industrial rno VL' IIIl' nt s, eau ouly J cvelop weakn ess and economi c activiti es. It is a well established fact that th e
labor movement has lost less money by embezzl ement
dc ·spair and I'IHI i11 fanaticism and failure.
i\ politi<·al party t·an hecome powerful ouly in pro- or other dishonest means than has any oth er known or·portion as it is in t hP hanJs of and controlled and used ganization , not except banks, secret or·ganizations or
hy powt>rful <•e onomic and industrial mov ements. It churches.
Not only does a movement in action, like running
nlu st. IH· an instrum eut of warfare in their hands an{1
nt tllt'ir hidJin g aud command at all times. lt must wat e1·. purify itself, but it also develops its own pronot. h<· an id ea li st movement only; it must also be a g ram. Just as th e water runs down hill and makes its
fighting machin e. It must fight- first ' for im.meitiate own channel in which to mn, so, also, will th e indusin tc r·csts, and second for ideals. It must be an in- trial and economic organizations seek the lin e of least
sepal'ltb lc par·t of th e industrial and economic mov e- resistance and th ereby define th eir lin e of march. If
rnc;tts. 'l'h e same mrn, th e same interests. the sam e t he mo v-ement is in action, it can no more depart from
struggle, fi1·st, last and forever must be involved. This its interests than can water run up -h ill or the f orce of
old, on<>-arm ed argum ent must be forgotten. "'l'he gravity cease to operate. ThP.re can n ever be a corunions one ar·m, " " th e Socialist Party the other arm" is ruption fund large enough to cormpt a movement, prorotten to th e core. Th e only part of the working class vid ed th e movement is in full charge of and directing
worthy l'f conside1·ation in respect to being a fighting its activities. The reason is that th e interests of every
force is the organir.ed portion. Th e rest is a rop ~ of movement are worth more to it than to any oth er boay.
snnJ. Only a. th ey are organized are they worth con- Purchases, corrupt or oth erwise, are only made with a
sid ering a a social factor. Hence a politi cal party is margin of g!Jin in view. The fear of a corrupt labor
not on e a rm ; hut it should be and must be' an instru- party is groundless and without force. How could th e
mPnt in th e hands of the ~rganized portion of the capitalists, who are fu lly in charge of th eir own politica l
elass, if it is eve r to avail the _clas!l. A party dominated machinery, cormptly enact laws contrary to their own
h) non-m<'mbers of the industrial and economic organi- interests ? Will th e working class do less if their ecozations, however intellectual, can never effi ciently .aid nomic and political interests are mer ged?
t hose organizations. The party must not dominate, nor
It is for this r eason that th e economic and induslend. nor function separately. The economic and in- trial organizations must form the basis of the succesli·
d nstJ•inl mo' cments are inherently vital.. In them and ful working class political party of the future.
1heir activitie nre .involved the means ~f subsistence.
By th e economi c and industrial organizations is
·Out of th m arise th advantages comforts and luxur- meant the labor unions. found ouly in the cities and
of the cln by which they are controlled. Political towns of the land. and the various eo-operatin enter-
�T'lt e ·.We s tern Co in r ad e
prises, found not only in the cities and towns, but also
th roughout the country and farming districts.
The interests of both these movements are substantally identical. Each should largel:y supply the market
for the other's output, by exchanging their products
upon an agreed basis, while the one would become the
t·ommissary for the other in times of indu-strial struggles.
Th ese city and country co-operative enterprises
tan be so bound up with the labor unions, in their ext·hanges and in th eir political activities, that their intl'rests would become absolutely identicaL
Each union and each co-operative enterprise, or
such members of such organi7.ation as may desire,
shoul¢1 form a branch of the political party, over which
th ey lshould have absolute control and whose mission
should be to further such measures as would add or
tl'nd to add power to these movements. It is plain to
Sf'C that the psychology of such a political organization would, as at all times, it should, be identical with
the psychology of the labor unions and the co-operative
enterprises. In other words, the three movements
11·ould constitute practically one fighting machine, on
the alert at every point to protect the interests of the
producing classes and to develop their institutions.
The inherent strength of such an organization exists
in the fact that both the labor unions and the co-operative enterprises are outgrowths of the capitalist system
25
and ·by it are forced into action. Individual;~, acting
alone, are so helpless when confronted with the great
industrial and commercial enterprises that they are
compelled to join with their fellow men for sheer self
preservation. Though they are, by the burdens they
impose, developing the very power that will eventually
ov.erthrow them, yet these mercantile and industrial
enterprises cannot change their course. Capital knows
but one course and that is the accumulation of more
capital.
Every dollar ac'cumulated must draw interest,
and every dollar <if interest drawn m~st in turn
draw interest, until the accumulated profits ·and interest become an unbearable burden imposed by the few
upon the millions. In the meantime, the efficiency of
the milliops depends upon their industrial, co-operative
organizations and the power ·of their own political
party to make them legahnstitutions.
It is apparent that the ·vital working force of this
political organization would be composed of the members. of the unions· and the co-operators. Yet arrangements sliould be made for the admission and participation of men not eligible to the membership of the unions. They would probably find an open door into
such enterprises.
.
Doubtless an organization of this character would insist that ail journeymen eligible to membership in any
(Continued on Page 27)
T h e
s t r estusensegof thatgword.1 Con-e
G r e a t
struggle is the
T HEgreatclassstruggle.
By -EDMUND R. BRUMBAUGH
tact with vice is not conduNone
other can compare with it. Most other struggles are
parts of it.or are governed by it. Great issues are inYolved 'in it; great principles are at stake. Upon the
outcome depends the further development or utter
decay of civilization.
The class struggle, beginning with civilization, has
iuer·ease in intensity as civilization has grown and de\'<'loped. As the years come and go (llass lines become
more clearly marked, the issue more sharpie defined.
The conflict of Capital and Labor in industry arid politil's takes on new vigor as both sides realize its importance. More and more the prize for the victor becomes the entire ownership and control of industry.
In struggle is the secret of racial advancement. Much
of it in the past has been accompanied by trial and
har·dship and suffering untold, but such have not been
~s ~ P ntial to advancement; ·the principal work of the
trial and· hardship and suffering has been but to hinder.
Starvation is never the secret of cqaracter and achievem•:nt. Poverty does not promote efficiency in the high-
cive to virtue nor need be proper appreciation of the
good things of life.
When men_rise much above the brutes of the ju:1gle,
they will eliminate the cruelty and tragedy of the
jungle from their affairs. Field for struggle will remain, struggle that will . develop instead of degrade,
struggle that will lift up instead of crush down. The
human struggle should be on a high plane to be worthy
of humanity. It is enough to engage every energy to
struggle for more intelligence, more uprightness, more
usefulness; in short, for the finer, more enduring attributes.
The doctrine of the class struggle has been much denounced. Theodore Roosevelt called "class consciousness·" "a hateful thing. " But out of. this "hateful
thing," notwithstanding, will blossom the loveliest
flowers of heart and mind and soul. Out of the class
struggle will come the end of classes, out of an imperfect
industrial system a more perfect one, out· of discord
harmony, out of strife peace.
�26
The · Western Comrade
PEARSON'S.
Activities at Llano
colony . 'l'he diversion and interest
offered the boy and girl, and the
practical education to be gained
is the only Magazine
· 1'rom the actual working out of
of its kind .
farming, building, drawing, care of
stock, botany and othet· bran~hes
This is why:usually taught in a dry-as-dust
Three years ago Pearsdn's decided to
in the schoolroom, can here
be a free magazine.
·
· manner
be learned and lived; and the fortunate boy and girl will never feel
This is what it did:like tearing away to seek new
ABANDONED FANCY COVERS
scenes and environm ut as is usual
CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
on the farms scattered widely
ADOPTED PLAIN PAPER
throughout the country. vVhat is
·aimed at by Pickett and his colThis was the purpose:- leagues is to provide an interest, a
A plain form would enable the magsomething
that will grip the growazine to live on its income from subing mind and mould it into a con~
scriptions and monthly sales. It
structive useful thing, to make citiwould not have to consider the effect
zens worthy of any place or any
on advertisers when it wanted to print
country.
the truth about any public question.
The famed Montessori methods
This was the result:arc to be worl<ed into, so that the
Pearson's now prints the truth about
larger boys and girls, as well as the
some question which affectsyourwelfully gr·own, may receive the benfare in e~ery issue. It prints facts
efit of t hat wondel'ful educational
system.
which no magazine that deTo show that the work of Pickett
pends on advertising could
and his ardent following is being
"afford'' to print.
appreciated. it wil l be interesting
to lmo"· that in far-off Scranton."
And, with all this, Pearsons still prints
PrnnsylviJnia, 1\fiss Gladys Price of
as much fiction and entertainment
1717 Rwrtland street. inquires of
articles as other magazines. If you
him .iust wh at is doing and asl<s
want plain facts instead of pretty
pictures ·buy a copy on the news
fhllt she he nut in communication
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
~· itb somr girl member sons to hll\'1'
the year for $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
OBEHT MINOR, cartooni. t
You can get both PEAR·
and journalist, spent three
SON'S MAGAZINE and
months in the thick of the fighting
THE WESTERN COM ·
RADE for one year by
in F r·a nce, England, Switzerlaud,
sending $1 .00 to
Italy, and a shor·t way into Germany, covering th war from eYcry
The Western Comrade
:mgle. I-ljs observations are a ter924 HIGGINS BLDG.
ribl e indictm ent of the cll rnage, and
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
. his .car toons hot shots at the demon
·
Mili tarism.
In response to many r equests,
twenty-four of his best cllr toons
have been put into book form and
publish ed by 'rhe New York Cnll,
to sell at 25 cents per copy. They
made into switches for
lire t he mo t powcr·ful llrgllment
one dollar, and up,
agajnst war· that has yet been propostpaid.
d uced in this countr·y, in any form.
•
Work guaranteed.
\Ve m·gc every one of our r eaders
to order a copy by addressing The
MRS. E. TURNWALL
New York Call , 444 Penrl street,
Llano, Cal.
New York City.
Continued from page 21
a closer touch with this great·human
interest problem. 1\i(iss Price writes :
Mr. G. T. Pickett,
•
Llano del Rio Company,
Llano, Calif.
Dear Sir :
Being interested in the Colony o'f
Llano, and having read considerable in The Western Comrade, I
wr ite to ask you if you would kindly
do me a favor. I desire to com. municate with a girl about my age,
g rade in school, whom you think
w ill be willing to correspond with
me, Jiving in the colony. I am 15
years of age, .and in the first year of
high school.
I enclose s'elf-addressed, stamped
envelope and thank you for any
trouble which you may assume in
my behalf. ,
l\Iiss Price will be put in communication witp a very charming
young lady about her own age, who
will doubtless conduct a spirited
correspondence, for the · latter is
thoroughly imbued JVith the pirit
of co-operation. and constructiveness.
'l'he Sierra Madre 'Colony r equests
letters and ;inquiries and everyone
will receive considerate and respectful attention.
Do not fail to get next month 's
magazine whi ch will tell of the May
Day celebration. Subscribe now. ii
you do not want to 111is this intere ting number.
War Pictures by Robert Minor
R
Your Combings
The new valume, whi,ch is now
on sale, is quarto size, cream deckleedged paper, the best calculated to
lH·ing out sharply the merits of the
charcolll drawing. We might say
that the presentation is artistic iQ
the highest degree, saying nothing
of the quality of t he contents. .
The contents deal wholly with
scenes sketch d on t he spot along
the Fr·e11ch battlefront by Minor
~111d are the best and most striking,
ca refullv selected from the collection. we need only add that of all
the multitudes of war pictures that
have been sketched, iinor's ea ily
stand in the fo refront.
In a recent exhibition of ~var pi<'tures in Holland the only Amet·ican
pictures shown were the cartoons
of Rohert Minor,· Am·e rica's foremost charcoal cllrtoonist.
�T''h e W e~ s· t e -r n, C o m
The Montessori System
he became an individual, with
proper co-ordination between mind,
spirit and body, and a correspondingly useful member. of the school
gro11p.
The mental d evelopment is quite
a~ remarkable-there is no clas
tPat:hing-it is all done in small
l!roups, and while much credit is
due to the Montessori system, I
fl·el it but fair to say that the dirt·dress of our school is a woman
in a million for the work. HaYing
just t•durnr!-1 f rom a v isit to anumhr·r of othrt· school s in the county,
l ('anw hack happy, and satisfied
that out h r re on t his beautiful de~
•·rt. in spite of thr ilrawbacks to·
liYi ng eornf'orts, as c·i ty '(!,yell ers
llllll r·rstanll tlll•m , :mel whi ch at·e
T
conHoued £com pag;e
a. ti e
2.a
always atte:ndant upon any pioneering venture, we are doing the mo t
wonderful work, that of entering
into the Ill of the' child and giving
him hi full inheritance at the beginning of his life to work with.
Is. it not evident that children
who had ]if so broadly opened to
them from the first will go farther
and have le s to r egr t as the years
go on 1 There will be no ground in
the liv s of our children from which
'to Jook back and criticize the
t eachings that harrowed th m to
N't.'taih cr eeds and belief and to
r egret the wasted years that with
gt'Ntter knowl edge might liave been
spent working for humanity with
the spit·it whose motto is. "Each
for All and All for Each.'"
laho t· union should j\)in sneh uniou tivc nwvem ents. Indeed, no other
ht·l'ot·c he cou ld helong to th e po- position would be taken by the
In this
litil'nl organizat ion .
Oup of the moYemcnts themselves.
most fruit Cul sOliT' I'PS of disension fa ct would lie their safety. Such
i11 the ~ocinlist Party ha s been the an organization wot;tld enter the
f:11·t that anti-union men were ad- fields as do all the Buropean labor
mitted to memhet·ship. ·when a and Socialist movements and conRt rik c was ca ll ed t hese men " ·ould durt itself in the sure, practical
fn•q ncntl .v r efuse to walk out with manner. It would forget its loug,
th e union men Ot' would do worse, ted ious p t·ograms, fixed creeds and
1111tnrly. tal<e their places on the settled catachisms, and would
.ioh. ·'l'h et·e have been in the ·or- prepare · its platforms as the
!!11 11 ization
some genuine scabs. neegs of the hour demand. ImSotnr of them were doubtless sent med iate ci r cumsta nces would utTickets
into the party by the enemy for no ter th e ca II to action.
oth er purpose thau to l' ep the So- would he named at the orima.;ies
l'ia list Party and the Jabot• unions het·e as they are at the first elecapart..
o easier nor more suc·cess- tioll . in Europe. At the fin a 1
fu l method could l1e employed to elections ll et·e, as in Europe, th e
divide the two movem ents than to party wo"uld support whomsoever
inject scabs into the Socialist seemed most lik ely to protect its
Party. Such a com-. e would be intere. ts. I think I hear "fusion,"
impo siblc und er the character of as if it ·wer e a crime. This is not
fusion, hut it is a eparate organizaoqxanization above outlined.
tion. using , every available method
~ot only wopld it b n eces arYfOJ: such n political organization to to incrca. e its power. The labor
hr very ·w atchful in regard .to the movement enter into compromises
intrrest of the e two movements, without nd. but it does not fuse.
hut in addition thereto the pur- On the outrary an employer canposes of the movement should be not belonJ! to it. With all its com It hrond as our national life.
A . f'romi es, it lines are more rigidly
mowment of such power would drawn in re ard to its membership
find it neces ·a ry to take a reason- than are the lines of the . ocialist
llhle po·s ition upon every i sue of Party in r gard to its memberslrin.
Tht> union!': admit no one to memnntional importance.
economil' int~rests
. uch n: position would lnnre to ibe her~hio wlm
t41 kr.n w1tlt it view alway: to tf1~ conflict with th-ein;. while the oint'l'rest of Ute labor ,a nd co-op ra- eiali t Party admits men of. what-
What
th.e War
Really·Means([ WAR is a pitile;s revealer o£ ·
motives.
- '
([The present war is a struggl~
for economic supremacy be~
tween the capitalist interests
of various nations.
([ But-what are the> deeper
economiccau•e.l The. ''law
of motion" driving the nations
to slaughter?
-SOCIALISM
AND WAR
By LOUIS B. BOUDIN
Aolloor ti " TH llttttlltol lyalt• tl IIIII M1n."
([ This book tells you, in a popular but thoroughlY. scientific
'
way.
([ "Socialism and War" has attracted attention in Europe
and America. Boudin is a
great Marxian scholar. His
explanation of ,the economic
basis of Imperialism is superb.
([ No scientific jargon - a
clear intelligible .tudy of
Socialism , Capitalism a n d
War.
Price $1.10, Postpaid
You can get this remarkable
book in comlJination with the
Western Comrade for $1.2!i .
Make all checks or money or.
ders payable to
The Western Comrade
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal .
Relinqui&hment
160 acres on Pacific Highway, In
Summer Lake Valley, . .11outbern
Oregon. Daily R. F . D.; telephone
and transmission line past door;
300 rod barbed wire fence; 10
acres cultivated, apple trees aJJ.d.
some berries; house, barn. good
water, team, harness, wagon, all
kinds of tools; price ~900, or will
trade for stock In Llano del Rio
Company.
C. SWENSON
Paisley
Oregon
�28
The Western C omrade
THE WESTERN COMRADE
soever interest or calling and puts every phase, is opposed to war. But
them in positions of importance preparedness is coming and will
and control.
Doubtless intellec- .soon be here. In my humble opinEntered as aecond-clua matter at the
poet oftlee at Loa Angelea, C&l.
tuals of any class would be admit- ion. the movement should annoUQce
ted to membership in such party, its opposition to war · and to pre924 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
but with the labor and co-operative . paredness but facing ·what is bound
Subscription 'Price Fifty Cents a. Year movements in control, the intellec- to happen, insist that if we must
tuals would be required to serve prepare, then let all the citizens be
In Clubs of Four Twenty-five Cents
and not to dictate. In this posi- armed.
Job lfarriman, Managing Editor
tion they would become a vital and
We should propose and inFrank E . Wolfe, Editor
.most useful factor.
sist that our movement should enUnder such an organization no ter the army not as individuals but
Frank H . Ware, Associate Editor
such ridiculous spectacle coufd bi as an organization ; that we officer
Vol. Ill
April , 1916
No. 12 "made of the .movement as is now our. own forces ; that we are, if
. being done. On the one hand the necessary for our country, against
Statement of t!1e Owr:ership, M a nagement, ~ Socialist
Party is unqualifiedly all enemies, whether they .be forCi r cul atio n. etc., requl.red by the. Ac~ o! Con- · : and unconditionally opposing the
eign or dom·estic and that if we
~r ess of Au~ust 24, 1912, of
preparedness of war theory, while must take up arms we will take
THE WESTERN COMRADE
the organized labor movement is them up against all enemies alike.
supporting it.
.
We -would then turn the preparedPulJIIshed monthly at Los Angeles, Cal iforni a, for April 1, 1916.
Were the two organizations one . n ess theory at least to some extent
movement, one position would be to our interests.
State of Nevada, Cou nt y of Washo e, ss.
B e fore m e, a notary in and for th e state and · taken .
Better, by far. take either
To say t11at such a position is
coun ty aforesaid, p e r sona ll y appeared Frank
position and be solidly together untenable is to no purpose. The
E. \\ro lfe, wh o , having been duly sworn acthan to be divided and take two. labor movement of Mexico, now
co rding t o law, det>oses a nd says that h e Is
would correct the mistake only two or three years old, has
th e e<.l!tor of Th e W es t ern Com rad e. and that ·Time
and its power would r emain if not only adopted .this course, but
th e following Is, to the best of his knowledge
and beli e f , a tru e statem ent of the owner- . the movement is not divided.
has actually carried it out and is
s hip, mnnagement (and If a dally paper, the
It goes without saying that the now a powerful ' factor in the afcircul a tion). et c .. of the aforesaid publicalabor movement, and this includes fairs of state.
ti o n for th e date shown In th e abov e caption,
~43
r equ!r·ed by th e Act of August 24, 1912, em bodi ed in section H3, Posta l L a ws and Regu-
lalio)1S, printed o n th e r e ,· e rse of this form,
to-wil:
I. Th a t th e names a nd addresses of th e
JHJbll s h er, manag-Ing editor, a nd business
are: P u blish er, .Job Harrim an,
1nanage rs
Llano, Ca l.; ed itor, Frank E. 'Volfe, 1840 N.
NtH·manrlle, L os Angel es, Cal.; m a naging edtt or , .Tob Harrima n. Lla no. Cal.; business
m a na gers. Frank H. Ware, 6316 Longvi ew .
Ave., L os A ngel es. Cal.
2. 'J'ha t th e owners are: (Give names and
addresses of individual o wn ers, or, If a corporation, give its name and the names a n d
addresses o f stockhol ders owning or holding
1 p er cent or more of th e tota l a mount or
st ock .) J ob Harriman, Llano, Cal.
3. That. th e known bond ho lders, mortgagees. and o th er security h ol ders owning or
holdin g 1 per cent or more or total amount of
bonds, mortgages, or other securities are:
(It th ere are n on e, so s tate.) None.
4. That the two paragraphs n ext above,
giving th e na m es of the owners, stockhol ders,
and security h old ers, If ahy, contai n not on l y
th e list or stockh olders a n~ security h ol ders
as th ey appear upon th e books of the co mpany but a lso, tn cases wh ere the stQckh ol der
or security holder appears upon the books of
th e company as trust ee or In n .n y other
fiduciary r elation, the name of the person or
corporation for wh om such trustee Is acting,
Is given; a lso that th e said two paragraphs
contain statements embracing affiant's 1'ull
kn owledge a nd belle! as to the circumstances
and conditions under which stockhOlders a nd
security h olders who do not appear upon the
hooks o f th e company as trustees, hold stock
and securities In a capacity other th a n that of
a bona fide owner; and this affiant has n o
r eason t o believ e that a n y other person, as"
soclatlon. or corporation ha s any Interest direct or Indirect In th e said stock. bonds, or
o th er securities than as so stated by him.
FRANK E. WOLFE, Editor.
w orn to and subscribed before m e this
24th day
or
l'ifarch, 1916.
(Seal)
E. G. EGGLESTON.
My commissi on expires March 15,_1921.
Startl
.n
1
g
About 90 per cent of the first and
second c la ~s mail, such as sealed letters, newspapers and. magazines, be·longs to big business. Third-class
• mail, such as circulars or advertising, practically all belongs to big
business. . 'fhe workers -hav e nothing to sell , except labo r power, consequently they have no n eed of advertising.-J ohn l\Iarshall.
***
Th e past few years have witnessed
a determined endeavor on the part
of the business world to p erpetuate
prosperity. the idea being, that it is
not possible to have too much of a
good thing.-Sco,t,t ~earing.
* * *
S t a t e m e nts
The best jobs in the country are
r eserved fo r those whose parents
can educate them, and any boob can
go through high school and college
if his fathe r has the money.-f'rof.
Leiserson.
** *
The churches have turned their
basements into military drill rooms
and th e pulpits are used by paid
servants of the rich, to find "divine'' excuses for war.-J. E.
Snyder.
***
Epis~opal figures show that it
cost them $1316 to convert a souLClement Wood.
* * *
. It is really remarkable what great
military talent the war has developed in the Socialist Party of the
United States.-Henry L. Slobodin.
You can learn some good qualities
even from a butcher.-John 1\L
Work.
* * *
Revolutionary thought is spr ading very quickly.-Einer Ljunge·
berg.
Capitalism's puny puppets in
Congress are going to give a lesson in solidarity the workers would
·do well to emulate.-Guy Bogart.
* * *
May Day means very little to the
men and women on t h e other siae
of the ocean just now.-Joseph E.
Cohen.
***
Today we are comradeL in ever;v
language known to men.-Eugene
V. Debs.
***
May is the month for evoluti on
and revolution.-Horace Traubel
�The Western Com.rade
29
Hell is Mild Compared
By Harvey E. Westgate
WE hear a lot of chatter from
• . the men who preach and pray,
on the fate which will befall us ii
we sin along the way. How the
devil will consume us with his everlasting fire, if we drink and cuss
and tatry as we skid along the
mire. But this hell is almost heav'en,
when compared to other spots,
which in future we will label as the
l'arth 's most dreadful blots; where
the kings and queens and kaisers
spill the blood . oi babes and men,
\r here they butcher wives and mothet·s in their human slaughter pen.
}'or the devil only tortures human
heings who are vile, just the most
degraded creatures, just the kind
he thinks worth while, and he passcb
hy the babies, and the saints who
toe the scratch, as he piles up coke
and brimstone and applies his hellish match. But the kings and
queens and kaisers play no favorites at all, for they grind up babes
and children and they grind them
awful small; and they gouge out
ryes of maidens, as they give a
fiPndish yell, and proceed with other
pastimes wh ich the devil bars in
hell. Oh, hell is not so bad a place,
as some would have you think, not
near as vile and rotten as the land
of queen and ''kink''; it's ltot, no
doubt, and sultry, where the sinners
net as fuel, but tame if we compare
it with the land of royal mle.
Save Your Old ·CarpetS
Llano Rug Factory
Llano, California
The Most Complete Rug Factory on the Pacific Coast
Employing Expert Weavers
·
BEAUTIFUL AND DUR1ABL.E RUGS
Can be made from your old Ingrain, Brussels, Moquette and
Velvet Carpets or Rugs. Old Chenille Curtains or Table Covers
make desirable rugs. We also weave Rag Carpets, Rugs and Art
Squares of every size and style. .
Ruga Made from Old Carpets
Size
24x36
27x54
30x60
3x 6
4x 7
6x 9
8x10
9xl0
9x12
Price
$1.00
1.50
1.65
2.25
3.75
6.75
9.75
10.75
12.75
Lbs.
Lbs.
Ingrain· Brussels
5
6
8
9
10
9
11
12
16
18
32
35
45
50
50
60
60
70
We pay, freight one way
Rag R.ugs and Art Squares
Size
24x36
27x54
30x60
3x 5
3x 6
4x 7
6x· ~
8x10
9x10
9x12
Price
$ .50
.65
.75
.75
.90
1.65
3.30
5.00
5.60
6.60
Lbs. Rags
2
2lh
3
3
4
7
12
17
18
24
( 200 miles) on orders amounting to $5.00 or over.
Ask About the Llano Special Rug
"The Pest"; Other Plays
Ship direct to the Rug . Department
MANUEL JULIUS informs us
that three of his one-act plays
will soon be on the presses and
rrady for distrihution under the
1itle of "The Pest, and Other
Plays.'" In "The Pest," the writer
pok es fun at American novelists.
'rhis play contains a thorough criticism of American literary a~t in a
form .that ;viii .be attractive. His
S\·cond play, "Slumming,'' is frank!~· a Socialist's opinions on presentday conditions. The third, "Adolrscence,'' is a plain nonsense with
a grain of sense in it.
Our r eaders are advised to ·s end dil'l·ct to Emanuel Julius, Box 125,
Girard, Kansas. for a copy of these
plays. There is no desire to make
n profit. Persons who forward
their order at once may get a copy
for only 25 cents. Take advantage
of this offer now.
Llano del Rio Co., Palmdale, Cal.
E
· A TEMPTING OFFER
Hundreds of subscriptions are pouring Into the circulation department of (he
W estern Comrade through combination ol'fers. This month we have several new
' ones added' to the ilst. Would you like to get
THE NATIONAL RIP-SAW
.vlth the Western Comrade at a reduction? Just send eeventy-tlvc cents to the
circulation department of the WESTERN COMRADE, 924 Higgins Bldg., I..os
Angeles, Cal., and be placed on the mailing list of both magazines for one year.
Telephone. Home A-4633
HARRIMAN & LEVIN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Bulldllll
Los Angeles, Cal.
Home A-2003
Main 618
A. J. STEVENS
Dentist
306 South Broadway·
Room 6H
Los Angelea, Cal.
�,
The Western Comrade
30
Women's Magazines
p e r
•
1
s c
0
p
By EMANUEL J ULIUS
1
n g s
The Western Comrade has arHOSE monarchs in Europe who
MonstrQus evils always disguise
ranged several good combinatalk about God being on their themselves with lots of pomp an d
tion offers for the benefit of its
side forget they can 't spell Gold ceremony. \Var covers its barbarity
women readers. Among them ·
without an "1. " Oh, L!
with gay colors, flags and decoraare:
I · wager a hot water bottle that tions. Add thrilling music to the
Today 's magazine and Mca certain gentleman-in Chicago fa- dash of gorgeous color and the
Call 's, both with the Western
vors preparedness with th e follow- beast marches through our streets
Comrade for one year ·for $1.25. ·
ing . argum ~nt:
"That's . right; with th e plaudits instead of tile
This in cludes a fre~ . May Man- .
curses of th e people.
bu ckl e on your armour !"
ton patth n and a free McCall
" A. 17-inch gun is nothing more
It is diffi cult to r eason some anti·
pattern.
than a capitalist 's forceful . argu- Socialist workingmen Ol)t of theil'
Anoth er t empting offer is
- m en£ why you should let him ex:- prejudices because th ey wer e nevut
'l'oday 's and Housewife and the
1¥estern Comrade. Th ese three '· .ploit .you . The .funny thing is he r easoned into them .
expects y ou t o op erate that gun.
'l'h e average person has contemp t
can be had in combin ation- -f or.
The munitioners and armament- for th e humbl e 'till er of the soil, bu t
one y ear for $1.00.
ists yeli for preparedness and th en he has admiration fo r th e brazen,
Still anoth er offer in cludes
\\'Onder why th ey are not consider ed arrogant sl ayer of men. So long a~
several magazines. ·It is Tofir·st-class p atriots.
th e arts of peopl e ar e c on s id e~ hl
d ay 's, IV oman 's Vvorld , Home
'l'he Socialists are not th e first less nobl e th an th e strata gems of
Life, P eopl e's P opular J\Ionthly
to show th e peopl e th at th e inter ests war, so lon g will brotherhood be an
and th e \Vestcrn Comrade all
that live by war are a lways anxious impossibility.
for on e year fo r $1.50.
to proYok e wars. List en to Thomas
The ca pitalist is ri ch because
All checks or monev ord ers
Pain e : Th er e ar e thousands who you are poor.
_
should be mad e t o the.
liYe hy wa t· ; it is th eir harvest. aud
An observing nut says th at the
th e clamor whi ch th ese p eopl e keep only way certain workingmen can
np in th e n ewspapers and con versa- he f01·ccd to see th e li ght is by hav924 Higgins B ldg.
tion passes unsuspi ciously f or th e in g hol es pun ched in their meal
L os A ngeles, Cal.
voice of t he peopl e, and it is not ti cket. LOts of workingmen begin
until th e mischief is don e that t he to see Socialism only wh en they
deception is discover ed.
are dinged o~ th e brainbox by a
I ha YC just looked through a meal-tick et pun cher. If they must
maga zin e that gives lots of space to he slugged in th e belfry, that way
war pi ctures - espec ially those is as good as any . But why can 't
showin!! towns and villages after th ey go th e -easy way of investigahomhat·dm ent-and I wonder who is tion nnd study 7 ·why must th ey
f!Oing to have ga 11 enough to say he mil cd on th e knob 1 Why do
Here is a combination 9trer of The
that Socialism will hrcak up the some beans r emnin dormant unless
American Socialist, official organ of
hom e.
th ey arc tapped quite vigorously 1
the National Socialist Party, the
If we don 't stop wat·, war will l t's a hard subject.
.
famous "1914 National Campaign
ston us.
' ' Pntriotism," said old Samuel
Book" and The Western Comrade
T lH' mon ey of t.h e capitalist is th e ,Johnson, "is th e last r esort of a
that not one· reader of The Western
hlood and life of the men he ex- scoundrel ' '-and th e first r esort of
Comrade can afford to Jet slip by.
ploits. Capitalism is noth ing more th e munition manufacturers.
The Am er ican Socialist
than a ma chin e that turns th e mis The p..eopl e are satisfied with
f or one yea r Is .. ... . _•.. $ .50
eri es of the wo t·kers into the joys crumbs, wh en all a.bout them there
The 1914 Campa i gn Book. .50
of th e parasites.
.
is pl enty. With Thor eau I say:
The Weste r n Comrade for
Twin evils: Poverty and Mon- '' Cease to l!'naw that crust. There
one year Is . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
opoly.
is ripe fruit over your head.' ' Once
So far as the working- class is con- you make up your mind to get the
Tota l .......... ; ...... $1.50
cerned, th ere is no su ch thing as a hetter things of life ther e is no
We will make y ou a
for eigner. Th e working class is in- power on earth can stop you. With
t ernational : it is exploit ed in all your ballot you can force t he excombination· of the
lands : it.s fight for eman cipation is ploiters to r etreat; you can change
above for just $1.00
world-wide. A workingman who th e system so that the workers and
Take advantage of t h is offer now!
talks fl hout "them damned furr i- not the parasites will get the fruit .
In a preparedness speech, Presi ners" is an unmitigated yokel who
Address : Circulation Mana ger
is takin!? a stand against a ~?roup of dent Wilson· said: "We mean busiTHE WESTERN COMRADE
men wit.h whom he should be in ness. " That's what the munition 924 Hlgg l_na Bldg.
aPcord. Socia lism r ecogn i:;o;es no set. ~rs. the armamentists, the jingoes
Los Angeles. Cal .
of work ers as fo r eigners. The world and the plunderbunders in gen-era l
say. T]Jey all mean business.
is the workers' land.
T
---
WESTERN COMRADE
Our
Greatest Offer !
�- -- ·-- --·Th'e Western C"omrade
. ----:-- - ·:--: .
~ -
-
T
Financi~l Statemettt Llano del Rio Colony ~.
-.
••
'"
..
•
•
'
..
•••.
• •
,#o
.....
••
~-----::.
.,
#
HE following table shows the financial standing of the Llano del Rio' Campany at the close of business De~emoer 31, 191~. · All of this property,
with the exception of some office furniture and a small amount o~ -~a:chtnery,
is at the Co-operative Colony at Llano, California. The colonists a:re proud of
the showing. they hay~ . made_ in .ahqut:one ·year.-·~d ·tvha#.
•, .
Bills and Accts. Receivable ............$222,267.38
Expenses pa id ............................... .... 36,28_3.77
Feed in the· barns................................ 3,668.75
Freight.. ............................................... 4,649.59
. Fruit trees iu nursery ................. :.. ....
785.50
Interest paid ............................ ........... 2,734.00
Laundry plant ................................ .... 2,066.25
Live stock .............. ~ .. ............ .. ...... .... 27,778.88
Labor ........................................... ......... -14,861.00
}fcscal Water and Land Co...... -.. ---- 11 ,587.81
}fachincry and tools.......................... 10,9i5.33
Planing mill ............................... ......... 1,828.66
Automobiles .....,.................... ,.,. .........
6,£62.73
Real estate owned .............................. 145,887.95
Stocks and bonds 0\med.................... 44,717.91
Cash for ranch supplies.................... 58,379.93
Traction engines ....................... ......... 3,659.00
Transportation ........................... ......... 3,881.59
Taxes paid ..................................... ....
869.09
Tents paid for......................................
1,169.98
Other property owned ...................... 11,800.39
Cash on hand and in banks..............
3,144.10
Capital stock paid in.....................'.~---$277;635.00
Installment stock .........................::... 44,561.95
Profit and loss....................................
990.80
Land improvement contracts............ 186,075.00
Bills and accounts payable............... 110,336.84
Total ................................................$619,599.59
Total.. ..................................... .........$619 ,599.59
_, .
.
JOB HARRIMAN, President
G. P. McCORKLE, Secr etary.
Already in Its Second Edition
-
The Life and Exploits ., of' ·
By 'HENRY M. TICHENOR
Jehovah
.
;
.
. - .. • t ·-··.
i~lt 1s
No book on earth like
a. scream from start to finish-If you have not read it
you have missed a. rare treat.
Price, single copy, of " The Life and Exploits of Jehovah," handsomely bound in silk
cloth, $1.00, prepaid to any address in the United States or Canada.
Your library of Freethought bo9ks is in~ompl ete without this latest, laughable and instructive work. For sale in combination with one year's subscription to The Western Comrade for $1.20. Make all checks payable to
THE
WES"rERN COMRADE
924 HIGGINS BUILDING
'.
l
LOS -ANGELES, CAL.
.
''·
~!
;·
�....
\I
'
ELKSKI
BOOTS and SHOES
\.___
F ~ctory operated in connection
with LLANO DEt Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots.$6:UO
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies' 12-in. boots.. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men's Elk 'Work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies' Elk shoes ... 4.00
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 ............ 1.50
Child's Elk shoes,
5¥2 to 8.. .. . . .. .. 2.00
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11. . . . .. . .. 2.50
Misses' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 ......... 3.00
Place atocklng foot on
paper, drawing • pencJI
around aa per above IIluatratlon. Pa.. tape
around at linea without drawing tight. Give
alze uaually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elkskin 5hoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three 1pair
of ordinary shoes.
•.·
We cover all lines from .ladies,' men's
_a nd children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to ·instructions.
Out of tov.'11 shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order apd state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
924 Higgins Bldg.,
Los Angeles, Cal.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-04
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-04
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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2018-07-25
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n12
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30 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c751deb3c9b6021b104f96d47d44524e.pdf
88371be59e524cca6bb2965af662538e
PDF Text
Text
�Information About th e
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony ·
Llano, Califor nia
the great~st Community
T illSeverislaunched
in Ali\:erica.
Enterprise
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and
is situated in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los
Angeles County, California;-~ a fe\~ hours' ride
from Los Angeles. 'fhe community.}s solving the
probl em of disemploymen.f and business failure,
and offers a way to provide for'· the future welfare of the workers and their families.
Here is an example of co-operation in action.
Llano del Ri~i·Colony is an enterprise unique in
the hi&tort' of community groups.
~~t"H \vas established in an attempt to solve the
;,. · pt·oblem of unemployment by providing steady
~ employment for the workelis ;·to assure safety and
comfort for the future a:qd for old age; to guarantee education for the children in the best school
under persooal supervision, antl to provide a social life amid surroundings better than can be
found in the competitive world.
Th et·e are about 700 persons living at the new
', tow:n of Llano. There are now rp.ore than 200
}pupils in the schools, and several hundred . are
~yected, t<f be .enrolled befor e a year shall have
pa~sed . Plans are under way for a school build,· •· i]tg, w:hich will cost several thousand dollars. The
·nonds have been voted and sold and there is
nothing to delay the building.
Schools have opened with classes ranging from
the Montessori and kindergarten grades through
the intermediate, which includes the first year in
high school. This gives the pupils an opportunity to tal'e advanced ·subjects, including languages in the colony school.
. .:The colony ()Wns a fine herd of 105 head of
'' Jersey and Holst~in dairy cattle and is turning
out a large amount of dairy products. There is
steady .demand for our ()utput.
There are over 200 hogs in the· pens, and among
them a large number of good hrood sows. This
department will be gi·,ep. special attention and
ranks high in importance.
The colony has seventy-five work horses, two
large tractors, three trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry department has 2000 eggmaking birds, some of them blue ribbon prize
winners. This department, as all others, is in the
charge of an expert and it will expand rapidly.
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry
and the manager of the department says the arrivals are in startling nu~bers.
'fhere are about 1-1,000 grape cut.tings in the
ground and thousariqs of deciduous fruit and
shade trees in the colony... nursery. This department is being steadily exten.ded.
The community owns several hundeed colonies
of bees which are producing honey. This department will be increased to several thousands.
Severa·! tons of honey are on hand.
Among other industeies the colony owns a
steani laundry, a planing mill, large modern sawmill, a prwting plant, a machine shop, a tannery, ·
a rug and ' <Mrpet weaving plant, and a number of
other productive plants are contemplated, among'
them a cannery, an ice plant, a shoe factory, knitting and we.a ving plant, a mot ion picture company and factory. All of this machinery is not
yet set up . owing to th e stres:;; of handling the
crops.
The colonists are farming on a large scale with
the use of modern machinery, using scientific system and tried methods.
About J 20 acres of garden was planted last
year. This year the garden is being enlarged to
more than· twice this size.
Social life in the colony is most delightful.
Entertainments and dances are r egularly established functions. Baseball, basket-ball, t ennis,
swimming, fishing, hunting and all other sports
and pastimes are popular with all ages.
Several hundred acres are now in alfalfa, which
is expected to run six cuttings 'of heavy hay this
season. Th ere are two producing orchards and
about one hundred acres of young pear . trees.
'fwenty-six thousand apple and p ear trees are
being set out.
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside
for a site for a city. The building department is
making bricks for the construction of hundreds
of homes. The city will be the only one of its
kind in the world. It will be built with the end of
being beautiful and utilitarian.
There are 1000 memberships in the colony and
most of them are subscribed for. It is believed
that the r emainder will be taken within the n ext
few months.
�CONTENTS
Page
Fads and Comment
<>
By Job Harriman.
La hot· ( 'onsl'ription
8
By Frank E. Wolfe.
!J
\\'estfield .
By .John Dequer.
Boosting l3l'tter Babit•s
·11
By Edmund R. Brumbaugh.
12
Fi1-!1Itin1-! :\1 ilitarism
By Max Sherover.
TIIt· To\\'11 of' Amis
fly Wilby Heard.
!IIIJii'O\'t'IIH'II ts at
Llano
By R. K. Williams.
TIIt• ( 'hildn•11 's House
21
By Prudence Stokes Brown.
'j',,.o Po<·llts of thr Lfano
2!!
By Alberta Leslie and Isabel 'Scott McGauhey.
2-t.
Th1• ( 'a use of Crime
By Clara R . Cushman.
Child of At' <'l!dY (Poem )
By Marguerite Head.
2fi
I 'n•pa I'('Ullt'SS
By Gray Harriman.
2!1
111\·asion ( Pol'm )
By Frank H . War11.
C AR T O ONS
<lod . Punish
~~~·xic•o!
I'Htri9tism
Frontispit•c(•
8
Stillllovering
]()
Our Thrre Great Patriots
l(j
The Hunt<>r and His Dog
22
�God, Punish Mexico!
- D ra wn
fo rTh ~ \\·e- ~ t f' 1 · n
('omnu.le
b~-
Dudley L ogan.
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
Devoted to the Cauae of the Workers
Polltleal Action
Co-operation
VOL. III
Facts
a .n d
Comment
T
II E l'rcsidcntial campaign is on.
Yortex of war; organized and made
By Job Harriman
\r!Jat will be the issue 1 \Vho
strong, by, the strona, for the trong,
will he the candidates 1 One candidate will stand while the remainder of the many are unorganized
for· peace, hut boasts national honor, the glory of and weak-for the weak.
the Jlag and patriotism. Dignity of American citiThey stand alone, helpless and dcfen ele s, r ady
Z(·Ilship will Jurnish an open door through which to and ofttimes willing to be led to the laughter. 'l'h y
march an army.
are the food that war .i;eeds t~pon; but, though th y
Allan J,. B •nson will stand for peace.
die 'mid shot ~nd shell, they cannot say war is
Hoose1·clt or Hoot will, under cover of peace, 'uong, for they are ot·ganized and made strong to
stand for war.
protect the interests of the strong. vVere it necessary to protect the interests of the strong, the many
Th • iuter·csts want 'rar, and conquest.
would be disorganized and scattered to the four cor:
The people " ·ant peace.
J t is from the energy of the people that the in- ner·s to cry in the wilderness for the weak. "lie
ter ·sts ~:ui n cash. The larger the territory and the that hath eyes to sec, let him sec.·•'
+ + +
population the greater is the opportunity for greed.
How Yast the chasm between the people and the
S Roosevelt rct1·eating or Root progressing 1 Or arc
inter·ests! The one is inspired by the effections;
they both standing where they have always stood,
th · other by the mailed fist. The one is interested and pretending to be what they are not 1
in humanity; the other in the accumulation of' for~
Roosevelt's new booklet is nothing more or less
tunes. The one is guided by t he heart; the other than a campaign document; while Root's document
by the strength of his sword, and the magnitude of is nothing: more nor les!;l than a campaign booklet.
his army. 'rhe efforts of the one. are rewarded with
Both are ultra-conservative, both condemn Wilh autiful meadows, fields of corn and gardens of son's peace policy; one shrouds it in billingsgate,
roses: while the efforts of the other result in reeking while the other names it "waiting watchfulness."
The policies of each, though differently worded,
gor .
The opportunity to snatch a fortune without will equally well serve the interest and blind the
nrning it is erushin.., the human hear·t and leading general public while they are led to slaughter.
Slaughter is not a metaphor, nowadays. It is
th • 1'1\C to the pit.
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the real thing. It means shot and shell and trench
HEI'AHED?\IESS! This is the brain throb of for the poor voter who, by the cry of pa riotism, is
th<> hom·. The world war 1s on. The United urged on to the bloody battle. What care they if
tntr. is nt lnst drawn into the vortex. 'van street the interests be served f Roosevelt will-perhapshns world intere-t- and they mu t be adnmced and go to the war. R{)ot will not even-perhaps.
They are not beaded for the field of battle, where'
protect d.
1 wnr wrong ! han the weak say to the strong, victories are won with musketry and sword.
They are headed for the Chicago convention,
'·Your war i wron.., T
ntil the weak are able
to ontrol the trona, war will not be wrona. ' The where victories are won by word of mouth and where
King ean do no wronn-, becau e there is no power they are safe from being even scorched by the shafts
of hot air that will be spouted there.
to puni h him.
What is the difference between these wordy chamTh few. who e fore are organized and mobipion ! One is a "Boll Moose." The other iJJ a
liz are trong.
The nlan.v wh e fore - are nnorganized and "Moo e BulL"
"Choose ye whom ye wi11 serve . "
a ered. art> weak. - The we'Rk are drawn into the
I
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�-
The Western Comrade
6
W
IIA1' chanec has the rat against the cat 'I
What chance has l\[exico against the United
Sta4•s '! Are 110t the feeling of mice and men the
same whc11 war is on '! Does not the blood of the
victim urge th e \'ictor to further <:arnage 'I Will the
helplessness of our sister r epublic arouse our ~ym
pathics or cause us
demand uncotiditional surrender ? \\'hat diu we do in the J\Iexican War in
1H-ti:\ '! Did we show a heart of (:om.passion or of
steel ? \\'as not Taylor elected upon a war issue '!
"\\'hat w er e the real rights in the premises '! ·w ere
th e ri g hts not couched in th e superior force of our
arms ? Did the heart aches of the l\fcx ican people
sa 1·c to t hc·m t h ci r territory?
What is the r eal cause of th e present conflict?
J>ocs it not 1ie hae k of the raid on Columbus ? Did
Villa hope to c·onqu('r !JO,OOO,OOO p eople with 4000
men '1 Js he a maniac 1 Or is h e inspired by iJ(terc·sts that would profit hy abso rbing l\fexi c:o? Wrrs
110 Jlany Chandl er, with his crimina l associates, inl'll·cl hy th<• l ' uitc·cl }-;tates grand jury for eonspirHg to itH·ite war between th e U nited States and
:'If ·i!'o ? Is not the Los Angeles Times one of th e
mou hpieres of \Ya·ll street? Arc not thcit· intct:csts
in :\Ir xieo id enti ca l ?
Who is financing Villa ? Is it not Wall stt·cet
and its interests? \\' as it not for this r eason that
\\'ilson supported Carranza 1 Do not th e \\' all street
intPrrsts, th e f'Orporations and trusts, dominatr our
puhlir. affairs ? lf we ronquer· l\'[cx ieo would they
not thrn c:ont rol affairs in that country ? \Vould
thrir profits not swell with th e inercase of territory '1
At·r not t.hci 1· propcrtirs in M exico worth hundreds
of millions ? 1f wc take l\frxico, would not th e nine
of their pt'OJWI'ty multiply into billions ? lla\'c thry
not hrcn crurl to their poor l\fcxir an cmploycs?
Do th ey not luww the hatred and contempt in
whieh they arc held hy all M exicans 1 Have they
not hy th eir eonrltict aroused in M exico this sam<'
feeling against th e Un itrd States ? Did they not
know that thr Mexican peopl e could not understand
that an invading army wns pursuing only one man?
Did they not kno\\· that these p eople would r esist
that army and desert any power that consented to
such invasion ? Did they not know that this would
to
weaken Carranza and temporarily strengthen Villa ?
Did they not know that this would result in war between the two countries ? Did they not use their
own power in Congress to force ·wilson to take this
step 1 Are ·they not now opposing reciprocity with
Carranza? Are they not unwilling to g rant the same
privileges to l\Iexico that we are taking ? Are not
the great Hepubliean dailies suppvrting them in
their policy 1 Have they not a !ready created a r evolt
in Congress against \Vilson 's polic:y . Docs this not
mean war with l\Iexieo? What chanN' has :'If exico
against the United States? What cha nc:c hal"c the
eommer cial and industrial inte1·csts of ?l'fcxico against
those of th e u nited States 'I Greed for gohl is the
cause of war. 'fh c magnitude. of the· wm· is dl't L' I'mirH·d hy the opportunities to gTHtil"y tlw 1-(l'l'<'d.
W HY
not arm t.Jr e p eople '! Are these-guardians
of our w elfare afraid of the people? ·woul d
it not r equire less taxes for eac h man to support his
own rifle, than it would t o su pport a n idl e soldier
wit h a rifle ? \\' ould there not he more armed men
if a ll had rifles than if only an a rmy of soldiers had
rifles? Would it be possible for any world for·ce t o
inYacl c this coun try if all had rifl es ? \\' onld not
peace be sccuretl if all ha rl arms ? Twenty million
armed men! What would that mean? It would
mean p eace even in th ese d ays of war. \\. e could
stay securely at hom e at our work and let th e dogs
of war in foreign lands bay on.
But the peopl e are not the Go,·et·nni.f'nt. The Govr rnm ent is a. ve ry different inst itution. Th e large
interests of this country constitute t h e Govemmcnt.
They own our publi c press, our n ews sen ·icc, our
transportation , our ships, our hanks, our oil , our coal ,
our steel, our law, our-rverything, a lmost, is
theirs. 'l'h<'~' want an army of soldiers to protect
what is- theirs ( ?).
The soldi ers will protect whftt is th eirs, while
thry fear that the armed people will protect what
is ours.
Are not t he soldiers a force for conquest? Arc
we not now beginning the eonquost of l\f exico 1 Will
not what is theirs he increased hy conquest? "Will
not ours he taken away ? lf th ey need us can
�The We s tern Comr a de
tiH·y not ca ll us by conscription to protect what is
t hei rs ?
ls not en·r·y soldier au added burden to our taxation ? \\'ould not au armed people be self-supporting 1
\\'h y not arm the peopl e? ·w hat ? Why not 1
\\'ill Bull ~f oose and ~f oose Bull please answer .
T
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E:'i: milli on m·med troops, marshal led by the all ics, ar e operating in every t heater of war. It
is now proposed to mobilize t hem all upon the Kais<·r's troops; to dri\'e thcni into Germany and then to
utterly t·xt inguish th e German race. \Vhat a
thou~ht! Whnt a fune ral ! ·w hat c·m·mlgl:'! \Vha t
rin·rs of blood! Has hell broke loose?
This is th e ripe fruit of t he g reed of the millionair<:. Il oll" many, many millions of men, women and
chil drc·n h:nc been silently ground to death in the
stor·cs and mills and fac tories of the merchant and
industrial l\ings ! How many human lives are consu mrd to build a. palace ! How many lives of little
<· hildrcn must be sacrificed that a daughter of the
rich rna~· be bedecked with diamonds! How many
han staned that th e .idle might dwell in palaces
and diu c 0 11 wine and s'veet meats!
Th(• mcrehant and industrial pri1ices of the world
art' striYin g to tnl'll th e r esources of the world into
th ei r <:Offe rs.
Sha 11 these r esources be turned into the coffers
ol' tl1r allies or of the Germans and Aushians 1 This
is th e question.
For this qu estion 6,000,000 men have paid the
<Ieath p<>nalty during the win; 8,000,000 more have
been eaptlll'ed Ol' wounded. H ow manx millions
\\'Pre l<ill ed a nd wounded by t he iudustr·ial hard~ hip _· before th e " ·a r, ca n never be known.
Eliminnte the possibility of profits and the war
would end at Oller. A community of inter ests begets
rrood fr llowship ; a conflict of interests brings war.
\Yar· fol lows in th e t rail of the profit system as inH ita hl~r as the night foll ows the day.
H a Ye we not tried t he profit ystem long e.nough ?
ITo" · ma11y millions more of our .fi rst-born shall be
laid upon the alta r as a sacrifice to gr·ecd 1 Greed is
a C'hild of the profit system. Once it is horn, it ma"Kes
7
a gra eyard of the human hear t and buries· therein
every noble ·entimen t and tender impulse. It is the
po ibility of profit, of r eturns without r endering an
equivalent, that has crushed the world s heart and
developed a world war.
Suppose the allies e.~tingui h the German race,
will they not go on merchandising and laying the
foundation for future wars of greater magnitude?
Who next shall be e4terminated ¥ The most efficient,
of course. Tl1is greed is an obstacle to the . world's
progress, view it as you will.
'fhere is but one solution. 'fhe abolition of individual ownership and the profit system .and the substitution of collecti~e ownership and co-operation.
With t his change the world war would end, the German would clasp hands with the ally across the channel and the Rhine, the human heart would ascend to
the throne and the world would be governed by love
and goodwill toward men.
A
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·sPLENDID editorial in t he Mar·ch Rip-Saw,
from the pen of Eugene V . Debs, unveils the
horribl e traged ies constantly arising in the industries
of our great cit ies. He quotes the following f rom a
r qport made by a commission appointed by the Governor of Marylan·d:
" Much attention is gi vcn to ~ocial conditions in
factories, stores and office buildin gs, and many instances are given of immorality forced upon gi l'ls
by their employers or their superiors at their places
of empioymcnt ; the. p enalty of r efusal bei.n g the loss
of position.''
W e wish to call t he attention of the Rip-Saw to
the fact that the I~lano del Rio Colony has 750 inhabita nts; that we are now two years ·old ; and t hat
such conditions as are mentioned in the above q uoted
r eport are now, and fo r ever will be absolutely impossible in J.1lano del Rio Colony. The r eason that such
horrors are impossible is that the employes o.f the
company arc the stockholders, and could, and would,
discharge the Boa rd of Direc tors if any such crimes
were evet· mentioned, much less indulged in. Do you
t hink t hat an investment in the Llano del Rio Colony
is r eally a gamble 1 1\fay not some good come out
of Nazareth 1
�The Western Comrade
8
Lab or
T
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s c r
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p t
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1
on
HEODORE ROOSEVELT says By FRANK E. WOLFE packings of the jury even before the
that the frequent ,recurrence
venire is drawn. Observe whom he
of strikes throughout the country is on~ of the grav. puts in the box for labor to look to for adjustment
est signs of unpreparedness and that even graver of disputes.
are the evidences of unrest which do not culminate in
The qualifications for these five proposed com.
strikes. In other words, until labor can ·be so curbed, missioners are to be: "First, Ownership of Capitamed and rendered imtal; second, The Managepotent to rebel, militarment of the Industrial
ism and munitions cannot
Process; third, Labor;
fourth, The Relation of Inbe sure of their safety. An
insidious plan for labor
dustry to the Individual
States; fifth, The Relation
conscription!
of Industry to the National
This is an important
and valuable suggestion to
Govcrnment-th_e last two
capitalism in America. In
including the relation of
England they neglected to
industry to the general
do this before the war bepublic.''
gan and it was most diffiThere you have it beau.
tifully boiled down. The
cult to accomplish, and,
indeed, h~s not yet been
"Labor" mentioned will
fully achieved there.
be, of course, some hand.
Roosevelt's plan is to
picked and distinguished
establish a Federal Indusmen1ber of the "organized
trial Commission "to deal
body." Distinguished bewith labor and managecause of his harmlessness.
ment"
(whatever this
Some safe and sane dodmanagement may mean).
derer. The whole comHe says this commission
mission would, in fact, be
must "remedy the situamost safe-for capitalism.
tion, not by more palliaThe next step would be for
Patriotism
Congress to endow this
tives, but by genuinely ef- The ~l asses
fective action," and he
preciou's bunch with plenary power in time of
continues that the commission must be a permanent body consisting of far- strife. This will put millions of "hands., in the mu.
sighted men _of real independence_and broad sympa- nition works-and keep them there. This will keep
thies which are as far removed from silly sentimen- the miners at work, despite wages, hours or surtality as from hard arrogance and lack of considera- roundings. It will keep the railway workers on
tion for others.''
the job and bring an end to agitation for shorter
This is Theodore sold method of clever and adroit hours and higher wages.
straddling. It is his way of saying that fire is hot,
Capitalism has in Roosevelt a faithful mouthwater is wet and ice is cold.
piece to express its fear of the "quicksands of labor
There is much less cleverness, however, in his bold insecurity."
�The
w
e
s
W .e~tern
t
f
Comrade
•
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9
e·
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d
ESTFIELD is a· little
home all excited about his discovBy JOHN DEQUER
country postoffice in
eries. He wo\}ld ask his parents the
southern North Dakota, chiefly noted for names of the various parts, ossi01is structure of the
its rolling hills and the ~eligious inclina- beast. Things.of which .tliey were hopelessly ignorant.
tions· of its people. The inhabitants are 'Hence the best way out was to give him a beating and
hard-working, litHe-thinking people with prohibit him his pleasurable pastime of inspecting the
strong backs and plenty of whiskers. By remains of dead animals. Of course the real reason
some inexplicable freak of nature there was that they did not car e to confess ignorance of
arrived at the house of one of the most conservative, a these subjects to their child.
hay baby to whom they gave the name of Ben. A litBen took the punishment like the Belgians. He
t le ehubby fello\\- with a somewhat large head. That had to. But 'instead of changing his habit of thought
11·as his accident of birth. He had a head, and heads .it simply sharpened the devils back in his brainwere unwelcome thi11gs in ·westfield. It is difficult to · the question mark. .
say, howeYer, who was most annoyed by the ·workings
He was but· 8 years old when. he asked his father
of that head in later years- the boy or the community. a question that caused t~~ old inan t'J marvel at the
lt surely cost him considerable physical punishment, ·depravity ·of the child. It was just after he had been
hut he in turn iuflict r d a good deal of mental anguish severely punished for reconstru'cti~g '_the. skeleton of
upon the faithful. But I am getting ahead of my a dead hen, which he found in the we.eds behind the
story.
barn. "Papa,.'' said Ben, "why is it right to. study a
Wh en Ben was but a few days old he was baptized- building which you build, and wrong to study a body
··ln·istened or whatever it was called-the preacher say- that God builds 1 ' Is i fbad· to asli why God does things
ing sol emn words over him as he sprinkled water upon in a certain way, and good to ask it about man's
his fa ce. Ben wailed a loud protest, they handed it work ?"
to him. He was under the Covenant that gave him a
"These bones are dirty!" explained the father!
through ticket to Paradise, if he had seen fit to use it.
"God's work dirty ?" exclaimed Ben iri some-surThe t icket was· 0. K. as long as · you asked no ques- prise. ".Are you not afraid God will hear you 1" And
t Ions of the Conductor on whose train you had· to die his eyes were wide as he asked the question.
'l'he father wanted to hear · no more, but applied
before you could reach your destination. But Ben
eould use his head for more than a hat rack. He had the ointmep.t of correction prayerfully-Ben doing the·
a great head which tipped him head foremost to Per- praying.
dition.
·
But punishment did not quench the fire of tlie
Ben, from his very childhood, seemed to be headed boy's genius. He persisted to ask of Nature and of
for that abode of the dead, where, according to Wes.t- man the 'w]JY: of everything ·he saw ·and heard.
Tl1en Ben made a discovery: A sheep has twentylield theology, we find all the highbrows, such as GaliIeo, Bruno, Capernicus, Dalton, ·Taplace, Paine, Inger- six bones in its back, seven in the neck, twelve in the
soll, Darwin, Huxley and Spencer. W estfielders did ribs, five between ribs and hips, eic. So had the ox,
not go there they did not weigh enough mentally. the horse, the dog. They all had 1ihe same bones difLightness of brain is a prerequisite to orthodox sal- ferrntly shaped, but in general outline they were the
same. It was a great discovery. · All animals were
Yation.
. Ben had a heavy handicap in his race for celestial built on a common plan. This he could not fathom,
glory. His head . was too large to enter the Church. and it was no use to ask his parents.
" I wonder/' he said to himself, "if I am made
l [is mental stomach too weak to digest its theological
that way, too 1 How can I find out Y"
hash.
"M:a, do they bury people very deep when they
Of course, he grew up among the devout and good.
He could not help it ; we have no democracy in the se- dir ?" he asked his mother.
"Yes, quite deep."
lection of parents.
"Could I dig one of them up 7"
Ben had a morbid fancy for the . bones of dead
"Now what do you want to do that forT"
horses, cows, sheep and so forth. Yes, even as a child
"I want to count the bones in the back of a dead
of 7 or 8 years of age he would go out across the
prairies and find a carcass and study it. Count the man. ''
"Child !" screamed the mother. "Are you insane 7"
hones and note their position. Then he would come
�10
The Western Comrade
STILL HOVERING
--Drawn fo r The W est ern Commde by
''The dead man wouldn 't care, would he, Ma 1
Would heY "
"No, but God would!"
" Why is God ashamed of the way he made us Y"
H ere again th e conversation ended ·ahrupt ly, to
B r n 's d etriment. ''Spare not the rod lest you d evelop
r eason,'' was a good way t o phrase the W estfield fa ith .
Ben, howcvr1·, had set his fa ce resolutely toward
th r light. liP had to know if w e, too, were built inwa rdly like th f' othr r animals, but he dared not ask
:w~· mo1·e qnrstions upon physiological or anatomical
suhj Prts. as hi,; r xprrience proved that such a course
would awaken th r heal't and subdue th e nod in th e
mind nnd hPart of his pa rents. 'l'hr~r could fo rce him
to lw qnil't, hut thPy eonld not stop the actiYity of his
hrn in. H r would look at. listen to, and learn from
t'\'PI'yth in ~r. ;\ n ad Yr rt iscment of an old p eriodica I
snpplird him \Yith a fair!~· good picture of the human
.·krlcton. 1t wa a joy to him. li e compared hone for
hom• with th r hone. of all the animal of his acquaintnnrP. Yt>s. it wa- tr·ur. as far as hones were conce1·ned,
nil wr l'(' Yrr~· mneh alike.
liP now hrgan to puzzle 0\'Cr other thing.. H e
hung nhout the hutdH·r· hamble like a hec ahout a
hlo om. He watched their every act. Ye , the cow
hnd a liYer. lungs. tomach. heart. k idney, bowels.
brain, and in general it looked lik(' tho e of th(' hog".
.r.
L ewltzky.
dog, r abbit, horse, chicken, goose, mouse, squir1·el. Y es,
there was a close r elationship between all in t he physical sense. A spirit he could not find.
Next he studied the mental makeup of ani mals. A
loud noise scar ed the horse, the sheep, t he chickens, t.hc
cattle and Ma.
At meal time Pa came to dinner. At feed in g tinw
the pigs came to t he trough ; the cowl'! to th e stahl<•.
When thirsty all sought ·water. When angcr ccl 1ill
fought. \\' hen f ri ghtened all r an. l\fentally thf'y w re
all alike. Suhstautially, man was no exr·rpt ion. H e
\\·a.; a broth er to all that was.
Ben w as hri ght in s,·hoo l. frc had ma str, rrcl writing fl nd had hef·Omr quite pr•ofic icnt at an CHrly ll gf'.
Jlp usrd this gift to ], crp notes on w hnt hr saw and
hea rd.
This rangt• of o lt~C'n·ation was huntrcl and what
he heard outside of farm routine was mostly sixt C'nth •·entur·y th eo l og"~·-whi (· h is mo1·r intrrr•sting to t IH•
. tuden t of morbid psyd1olog-y than to a horn natu1·alist.
He was harely ] 1 yea rs of age wh r n hP workeil out,
unaided. his idea of uni,·ersal kinship. Ill' had marl•·
startling progre. s on the road that lc>d him to a c·onc·eption of C'osmir· unity. 'I'hr thing that puzzlrd him
was, why God had made thin~s undf'r r;o man:'' formH.
y('t with so little di ff<"rrnN'. He was all on firt" to know
(Continued on Page 30)
�The Western Comrade
11
Boosting Bette .r B·a b 1• e s.
- , S this article
B y EDMUND R. BRUMBAUGH that is not merely sent~entai
A_
was being writmust accept the truth that
ten, "Better Baby Week" was in full babies had better not be born into poverty and depriswing. A widespread, popular movement vation, and that to prevent their com1ng may be a
was behind it, hearing the endorsement Christ-like act.
.
of no less a person than the President
Reason is not out of place in ·· the most personal,
of the united States, in addition to that sacr d relations of life.
of prominent people in many other fields
Interfering with Nature Y Yes, to be sure.
of attiYity. The mo,·ement was indeed a worthy one..
Tampering with deeply implanted insti'ncts Y Cer·
To bri~dltt·n th e lin•s and improve the chan~es of the tninly.
little onl's was a purpose second to none. · Boos_ting
Shocked critics sh~mld remember, however, that
hettrr hahies is mueh more worth while than raising normal conditions camiot exist under an industrial
hlooued poodle dogs or passing the time away in fash- system that has become abnormal. The race had betionable dissipation at Newport or Palm Beach.
ter die out than· be a race of wealdings.
It might be \\"ell to point out, however, that sub.
Motherhood is . holy unde~ all circumstances, but
stantial , permanent progress cannot be made along if it is to mean the propagation of vice and misery,
rhis line so long as an industrial system prevails which then humal). life had better disappear from the planet,
··ondemns a large portion of the people to live in utter and the quicker the better.
poverty, <:ansing thousands of baby lives to be snuffed
But the race need not die out; human life need not
out, while those which survive only do so to know all disappear. The useful of the earth, the workers, using
the toil and hardship and mental stress of modern their collective power, can bring a better day to pass.
wage slavery.
Poverty is a widely prevalent, chronic disease, but it. is
To bring a life into the world under the best of curable.
A simple operation, merely cutting out capitalism,
t·onditions imposes considerable responsibility._ It
means to build ~ody and mind and -character through the vermiform appendix of the body, social, and nora long, trying process. To raise a family without as- mal conditions and perfect health will be made possible
~urance of being ab'le to support it properly is almost for all.
'l'he problem of better babies i's going to be solved.
l'riminal. 'l'he agitation for birth-control, though called
obscene and disgusting by prudes parading in masks Some day every .new lruman life will have an ·equal
of purity, is based on a solid foundation of facts. Here chance. Some day every child will be welcomed as a
distinct accession to the community. Some day the
<I re a few of them:
· 'fhe death rate of babies whose· fathers earn l~ss arrival of the helpless little strangers will cease to be
than ~10 per week is 256 per thousand, while those regarded 'as a misfortune because they bring only more
whose fathers earn $25 or more per week die at the hardship and self-denial; rather will they be the so.u rce
of joy, as deep and as lasting as the love of wl1ich they
rate of only &4 per thousand .
The last of the family to go hungry are the chil- are or should be the fulfillment.
That day will be when Socialisfn comes to bless
dren. yet in our largest cities from 12 to 20 per cent
of the children are noticeably un!lerfed and ill-nour- mankind. Stone by stone, the Socialists of today are
building the wondrous structut•e. It is easy and popuished.
OYer 30 per cent of t4e adult male worl<ers, the lar to hinder the work . . It is easy to scoff. and call
rathers and potcnti~l fathers, earn less u;an $10 a week, names and deny that which one ki1ows nothing about.
IIParly 75 per cent earn less t han $15, and only about But the man or tho;l woman who picks out t he easiest
things, who drifts with the current instead of rowing
10 p er cent earn more than $20 a week.
Almost 75 per cent of the women workers in fac- against it, Jacl<s most of the qualities of real manhood
1ories, stor·es and laundr·ies work for less than $8 a
or womanhood.
If the worl<ers were as well organi:~;ed as their masweek; 20 per cent eam less than $4 and nearly 50 per
ters, their fami lies would nevet· starve. With the wealth
..c•nt earn less t han $6 per week.
These figures at·e based on a report of the United they create, their surroundings improved, the better
~tates Commission on Industrial Relations, none of baby problem would quickly take care of itself.
Who will be strong enou gh and brave enough to
whom are Socialists. Surely, with them in mind, it
is not wrong to say that any "better baby" movement search for and find the truth and be builders 1
• >.
�The Western Comrade
12
F
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g h t
I!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!~ N
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n g. M
•
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11 t
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E
hundred
and
people whose minds are daily being
B y MAX SHERO VER
poisoned by the prostituted press
twenty thousand letters left Chicago in one day t o go forth · m ust be reached, and we must reach them and open
into that many working-class homes, their eyes so that they may see the truth.
urging the worlwrs. to stake their dimes
Resolve now to throw your dime, your time and
against Wall street's millions in a great your energy into this supreme battle of the hour. If
chall enging fight on ·militarism and pre- you are not among the 120,000 whom the first letter
paredness. · 'l'he dimes se~t in by the reaches, then just place a dime in an envelope with
worl<crs will be used in the coming campaign to cover your name and address and state that you want to bethe entire country with literature ;md llPeakers. No come a link in the great chain. By return mail a set.
town, no matter what its _size, will be left untouched of five letters, envelopes and coin cards will be sent
by this campaign. It is to be the banner year in So- to you . You will send these lettet·s on to your friends,
and thus you will
cialist agitation
have helped in
and propaganda.
this great fight
Tl1c plan, in
against the monhricf, is this:
ster of militarEvery person reism.
c-eiving a letter
IYorl<ers, you
from the Nahave the _power
tional Office of
to prevent all
the So c i a I is t
wars. You have
Party is asked
no enemy but
to send in a dime.
the same enemy
'fhere are also
which the Mexifive letters, encan workers seek
velopes arid coin
to overthrow. Use
cards enclosed,
your power to
which are to be
prevent not only
sent on to five
war with Mexico,
friends or acbut to prevent
quaintances, thus
rstablishin g an
t hat preparation
rndless chain.
for war which
The Power to Prevent War
leads to war. The
This is a critiyellow press is alcal year for the
Socialist Movement in America and yet it presents r eady attempting to create a war spirit to further the
one rare opportunity to r each the masses on an issue plans for military organization and • armament.
President Wilson has surrendered to these interests
that the economic rulers of this country are trying to
force down the p eople's tluoats. Preparedness, a in order to further his own political fortunes.
eloak beneath which militarism is hidden, is their issue.
War with Mexico would mean re-election for WilMaddened by the taste of fabulous profits made out of son, and the complete overthrow of the program of
wat· or·ders, th ey want to provide a home market for the Mexican workers for their emancipation from the
the instruments of hell, when tl1e orders cease to come legal robberies of American and foreign capitalists.
from Europe. If we fall for ••preparedness," then . The jingoes are organized, the anti-militarists are
this country is doomed to repeat the bloody tragedy divided. - Therefore, only the jingoes' voice is heard.
that Europe is staging now. The future welfare of Your dime against ·wall street 's millions can accomthe people of this country is in the greatest danger, plish wonders.
once Wall street succeeds in putting a preparedness
Send your dime now to the National Office, Socialist
program over on the people of this country. This is Party, 803 West l\-Iarison Street, Chicago. Send it now.
the issue, and our fight is on that. Our battle cry must Don't postpone it for another day . .The enemy is upon
be "Not a man and not a cent for war." But the us. We must fight him to a finish.
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Th e We s t e rn Comrade
Th e
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from the business, ethical and moral
standpoint, topsy-turvy. And as the
day progressed such occurrences as follows kept on increasing and multiplying as the sands in the sea. below
and the stars in the blue heavens above. For instance,
on picking up a newspaper one would read an ad some. thing like this, over the firm name of Pluckal & Co.,
who were ever known for their unequaled bargains:
" To rid ourselves of our stock of last y'ear 's out-of
date coats and suits; and at the same time to still further bulge our swelling coffen;, we desire the pul>lic to
call as early as possible and purchase these scab-made,
under-paid-for, cheap-material, carelessly constructed
garments at our unusually enormous prices. To make
them appear as bargains we ·have changed the cards,
almost doubling their ordinary prices, and advertise
them as grand offers at a sum slightly above what they
wer e sold for last season. Come early and help us clear
out this rubbish."
Another, a soap concern, under a double column cut
of an emaciated woman, sweating and toiling like a
beast of burden, had this line in large type ''SHE
USES OUR SOAP,'' and then it went on to tell what
its soaps, both laundry and toilet, were made of, how
injurious they were to garment. as well as skin. But
not being in business for its health, it was happy to
admit that the returns in profit from both departments
were colossal.
Then they stated that this was due to the fact that
the public at large were proud of being dupes, and
judged all things by newspaper talk. A newspaper can
do wonders with the gullible.
One of the editorials running for over a column and
a half explained in detail why its news was a~ways
colored so as to please certain captains of . industry.
And also why they downed others. It gave the names
of th e individual millionaires who c ntrolled that particular sheet, and how they managed to keep out of
prison. It also showed what a mental pervert the editor had been up to then.
But all this was mer e frivolity alongside what happ en ed in the residential districts, in the aristocratic
mansions and in the laborers' hovels. At the very first
afternoon tea, the ladies began to tell their true opinions of one another, and soon the pretty, expensive
china, and silverware commenced sailing about from
head to head. Silk gowns became tea-stained, and a
thousand other society events came to pass, while false
hair were scattered throughout the parlors. Confusion
reigned.
In the less fortunate sections, the back fences were
By WILBY HEA R D
the little town of Amis, • and ·there is
not the slightest doubt about it. Business is at a standstill; and even the
church pews and pulpits are covered with
dust. The town folk hardly speak to one
anot her, and poor gossip has breathed its
last. Everyone is minding his or her own affairs, and
heaven knows what the end will be if faith be not
soon r estored, and conditions set normal again, at least
as they wer e before the d evil showed his hoofs in Amis.
A time ther e was when this little success-desel"ted
,·ill age was a p opular humdrum of prosperity. Business went booming along so that not a merchant but
had his millionaire's dreams ; not a mechanic but what
saw himself-in mind, of course-living in ease with
nothing to do but boss his workers (who must all have
been outsiders) for according to their press, and they
all had full trust in their press, the natives were all
so well off that none had to bend to labor unless he
wanted to, or was lazy.
So it was with no little surprise that the town of
Amis awoke one fine Monday morning to find its~lf as
the introducing paragraph of this story describes. What
was the exact cause of this deadness no one -knows if
anyone will ever know. But it is quite natural to surmise that despite its suddenness it was a thing that
grew, an evolution which had been slowly and !Hlently
enwrapping the town till it had it completely in its
power. And though I do not guarantee what follows to
he gospel, I state it just as it was handed to me, and
it is up to the reader to believe or discard, according
to the dictates of his or her own conscience.
Strange, is it not, what a vast differ ence the accent
of a sentence, a word, or even a singl e syllable will
sometimes make Y A common phrase with the people
of Amis for many y ears had been: " What 's the matter
with Am is! !!'" And now when all was "Still as the
. night, and deep as the sea" the town patriots asked
the same question but in a different ton-e, ""What 's 'the
matter with Amis ?" and none there was who dared
Yenture a r eply.
Thus it was, so at least the story goes, 'v.hilc thP
town was at its height of good fortune, while everything was advertised as a dream elysian, a traveler, a
salesman on leaving the town, biblically shook the dust
from off his feet at Amis. The curse took root, for
the very Monday following is the fateful one, the one
on which th.is tale wags. When the sun arose on .A.mis
hat Monday morning everybody found everything,
• Amls Is H e b rew tor Truth.
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The Wes t e rn Co m ra d e
near]y torn down as the neighbors in rolled-up sleeves up new gossip abo!J.t your neighbors-" When the
expressed themselves in accord with their actual feel- minister got that far, the congregations had passed the
ings. Clothes were jerked from off the lines, and what first surprise. In slang-pardon it-one would say,
could not be reached was honored with handsful of they. bad just got their second wind, and so each drew
forth handkerchiefs, rolled them up into balls and fired
precious dirt.
.
And so things went on all week. But the shock of · them at the man behind the pulpit. But the pulpiteers
shocks came on Sunday when the few who did go to kept their places undismayed. For it seems they realchurch returned and repeated what had been spoken ized that the congregations being made up mainly of
from the pulpits.
women, their'1li'ms would be as their attitude had been
The ministers had all told the truth, and made plain up to then. Only one was really bit and that was bethat they never bad intended to, nor cauld practice cause he shifted places while the "contributions" were
what they preached, and they intended t9 lie about it coming in.
no longer. The following extract from one of the serSo things continued, and the tmth spre¥I through
mons will suffice:
··
Am.is like wildfire. On the walls of many a home this
"Ye hypocrites, it is not from some Bible text that motto was put up, "Vve Love Our Neighbors' as Our
1 shall prate to you today; but from the depths of mine Own.·•' Stores became placarded with such signs as
own heart.
these: ''A Pleased Customer ·Means a Steady Sucker.' '
"Ye ]mow full well that your gathering. here Sunday "When vVe Smile at You We Don't l\Iean H; It 's Bea ftet· Sunday has not been and is not because ye fear cause \Ye Consider You an Easy-M:al'lc" "If W e Don 't
yonr God, nor· is it because ye crave to satisfy your Get a Chance to Do You, Someone Else Will."
The car companies put up little f ramed signs readspiritual desit·c. Y c would be among the first to cast
stones at him who would seek to do the right.
ing: "A ride is worth two cents, we charge five be"For eight tedious years have I come ·here before ye cause we own the lawmakers, so whatcher goen' ter
and spoken to yc on things neither I nor ye believed do ?'' Facing this on the opposite \vall another read :
or cared about. Ye carne not to gather wisdom nor ''The straps are here for a triple purpose. For pasexamples of righteousness. Ye congregated not to sengers to hang onto, also as a r eminder of what would
Jearn but to heed that I speak not contrary to your be used on them should they kick, and to help our riders hold the rickety roofs down in windy weather. "
inter!lsts.
One large Manufacturing concem came out with
'.'Your measly cont ributions were cast with false
gladness, for after all ye felt that it hoosted your hlazing signs: ''Our profits are great, but. we must
tr·adc. Aware of this I called for greater donations, have more. The goods you get from us are faulty. We
knowing that therefrom oozes my salary. I pleaded for arc partly to blame for this in that we l1ave po~r maa magnificent cathedral, for the grander the church the chiner·y. The r est is the fault of the help, mostly chilmore could I permit my orthodox chest to swell with dren, who are underpaid, underfed and overworked. "
But the real eruption, the actual earthquake, came
holy pride.
·"I hold this job fo t· what is in it. I have been ser.w- when the politicians in Amis began t o make speeches
ing yc with 'f ifty-two bargains year in, year out; and which contained grains of logi c. This seemed more than
save for the ·trade it hath brought you, in real bargain modern mind could bear. Th en it was that a numbness
style have ye paid for them. Ye never meant a single settled on Amis, and all business came to the aforesaid ·
word of what ye told me, and I returned it all in your standstill. The pious people agreed that the Devil bad
own coin. At this very moment my heart 'is beating taken full possession of tbeit· tow'n. and that it only
wild, my brain is in a whid of excitement, for I am verified the prophesi es that the world was soon to come
seeking hard for. a scheme whereby I can make ye in- to an end.
And ·that is why, because of this wave of truth
crease my income.
"Every time you kiss the cross, I could swear I see sweeping Amis, that all the lawyers moved out to other
a silver dollar in it<> stead. And I know that with you cities, the doctors burned their prescription pads; .and
as with me, every. time we speak of setting a higher the pharmacists cast forth their patent medicines and
mark, it is the dollar mark we mean. Pharisees, why took to selling postage stamps and postals without comdeceive ourseh es any longer? If these buildings we plaint.
gather in weekly, yea, verily weakly, be. the temples
And oddest of all is the Claim that despite this
they are pretended to be, let us obtain whips and drive strange phenomenon which took possession of the citizens, there is not one willing to rechange the n ew for
ourselves out from their midst.
"Ye women that ogle about from pew to pew, ye the old. How long thej)e-\•il will continue to rule Amis
women ye come here to meditate upon, and to conjure no man knows.
�Th_e Western Comrade
15
Part of the Llano Community's dairy herd, which furnishes milk for the use of the Colonists.
lmprovemepts at L 1 an o
m
a'\
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AGNJFIGENT weather
By R. K. WILLIAMS
The men of Llano planted 10,800
has blessed the Antetrees in two days of eight hours each.
lope Valley for th e past thirty days and This is considered pretty good and rapid worlc. 'ro
more. Vegetation on all sides is spring- make the work more complete, we were favored with
ing up so that i1ow a ca rpet of green, clouds dming the warmest part of the day and Sunday
siltll~t~tr•~llinoO"nl ecd''~l·'y''itlthaJJdc.olors
~
of ftowen;,
"
•
Th e trees have forgotten that there
mi::rht ht• n ·hill in the air and have put forth their bios:oms; indertl, pt·ospeet bid fait· for no more frost this
st·HsOll. Yt• l'.V littlt• hnnn eould come if frost dors visit us.
'\\' ith thP <•omiug- of spriug, num here ha.> put forth
Ill'\\' l'ff'o rt s nud t lw l't' ults of his work an• Yisihle on
all sidt>s. Duriug- the 1111,t f!·u day· more than ] 8,000
tl'l'f'S hnYP h(•pn ~w t out. Thr quarte1· section east of
th(' hotPI, How !!1'('('11 with harley and wheat, has
thr u gh it tJ'('I'S planll'd in st1·aight row· . There arc
16.000 ll't>l'S in thi pirt:t' of laud. 1250 heing apple trees
the remnindrr !wing pear-.
Ynlunh'l'J' trt·e hole di!!!!'l'r. tu the number of fifty,
lt>ft fot· ~[ (•. rnl two Sunday ago and dug 26;)0 holes ;
within a dn~- or two 5500 hole were dug there. This
N•tion of or('hard i. to be devoted to peaches and
plum .
a gentle hut· persistent rain fell , so that the ground
r eceived a soaking t o the d epth of several inches.
As a r esult of the fine downpour t he alfalfa has
sprung into new life and its dark gr een r ests the tired
eye. SomP of the alfalfa is almost r eady to cu t .
The inigation department has been busy for some
time past mnJ,in g laterals in tht· ~H5 acres of alfal fa,
so that now t he irri gat ion systPm for the old stands if!
fine.
Thr ditch f1·om th e upper intake lms been cnlaJ·gcd
to a five-foot width at the hottom . 1t runs to the west
t>nd of the Hubbard plar·P, and surveys have been made
to the new townsite that will C'arry the water along at
a con ·iderahly higher level.
The ~fontc·<>sori school is running without a hitch
and with an a\·erage attendanre of forty little tots.
Great result.· arc heing ohtaincd thf're. Vi'>itors to the
c·olony .·eldom fail to call on 1\frs. Brown and Iter corps
of as. i.·tanls and watf·h the Sf:hool in active operation.
�..
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Our Three
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Patriots
-Drawn for T1t • W 11ttrn
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The Western Comrade
The Tractor Clearing Everything In Its Path
Not much attempt is made to teach the children in the
accepted sense of the word, but to set an example,
which they readily follow. "Children," says Mrs.
Brown, ''like obedience just the same as grown. folks.
They like to feel some quiet, strong person..,.-a person
who kno.ws- about them. 'l'hey absorb str:_ength and
grow reliant because of such sustaining help."
On account of the increase in the number of att endants in the grammar grades and the ditnculty of
getting to the Hubbard ranch school , a nrw building
has been erected in the colony, just cnst of th e hotel,
and ouly awaits window frames nnd a fe\\' other finishing touehcs to make it available for school use. This
will rclirve the congestion very materially ~mel add to
thr comfort of the tcnrhers and pupils alike.
The wor·k that is being carried on by ~'vfr. George '1'.
Pickett, our most efficient physica l eult nrc and pln~'
gronnd dirrctor·, of tit(' gr·ammar gradc.s, is rapidly dcYPloping the same eharndPt' of effieiency as that alrend,\'
estnhlished in the ?lfontessori school.
:\Ir. Pic·k ett tal,cs char,gc of the childr·cn at certain
periods of the day wh en regular academic work is finished nnd besides instnwting them in physical culture,
bnll playing and dancing, he directs their gardening.
tree planting and building. ]n the latter three Jines
the children under his direction haYe aeromplished a
great deal.
With the influx of new people comes musical ability.
so that the orchestra and band is receiving additions.
The orchestra has seven pieces now, with good prospects for several more before long. A brass band was
started a few weeks ago, and at the present time there
are ten registered players, with instruments, although
the total number of men available for band music is
between 25 and 30. 'l'he music that the band has so far
rendered is of a good class, as th e bandmen were experienced, and only lackrd playing together to smooth
down a bit.
ThP c·h oral sol'i!?ty is grtting along nicely, with
a bout 30 memlw rs. 1t mPrts !?Hry ·w ednesday evening.
A quartet has !wen formPd whic·h rendered its first
puhlir ('ffor·t Sunday to a well p]pa~d audience.
'I'll(' Thursday night danring (• lasses, for children. ;;r<• \H•Il attendrcl and th e deportment is exceptional. f:eorge Pickc•tt. is assisted h,v an able cot·ps of
interc·st cd mothers and others. ~e\·pnty. t o nin ety
(·ou plPs or little ones, an\l .vonng men ancl ladi es, grace
1 he floor r egn larly.
The Saturday night cl~mccs , in which the children
do not pal'licipate, is growing in popula1·ity. Wide
interest is mani rested and couples from a distance of
thi rty mi lrs. as well as from Los .Angelrs, attend just
to try out thrir nC\\' styiPs of danc·ing. :\fany excellent
dancers have bren dewloprd. and a('companied hy the
fine orch('stra. nothing hut the hest and most refined
will he tolerated.
�The Wester·n Comrade
19
Leveling and scraping with caterpillar tractor.
~nnd ay l'Yening- (•JltPJ'tainment ronsists 111 having
t li e Llano \\' t•P id~r n•ac\, whil'11 details th e doin gs of
t hl• l'lln<"h fo1· 1he week;ai-ld specu lates on what is toliP don e fot· the eOJ)ling wee k. lt mentions a ll ot hl·r
li<'WS that is a\·ailahle or inte1·esting, a nd it is hoped
that this phasr of :-;unday night 's entel'tainment will
<'O lllillue rmtil th e ad ual operation of a printing press
is om• of th e colony 's industries. Of course, when the
prr ss is hen·, thr paprr will he enlarged and will not
on! ~· l'H trr to thr rnnrh , hnt will have a widet· field ill
whir h to wodc ::.;,wakr1·s, J'ee ifations, sin ging and music usnall ~r fill up the eYening.
A n ew rip sa\\· has been placed in the planiJ)g mil l.
The planing mill is exrcptionally complet e no\\· and
will gro\\· more so as time goes on.
The machine shop today is in better shape than in
the colony's lif('. The trucks :md automobiles. have
heen k ept in repait· and running o far as humanly
po sihle. There hAs heE'n one or two trucks running
daily fot· W<'C'ks past, And more freight has been moved
thnn \\'as thought possihle a short while ago. Syst.~:m
ha s been introduced in the marhine hop.
The cahinE't shop is going ahead as usual, making
h:mdsome things for use in the colony.
The hnrne. shop is now located at tl1e hor e c'Orral.
.\n expert harness maker is in charg~. Work of repair
i;; going ()n at ail times.
The hoc shop i now ii!l a b·e Uer condition than at
any time since t he depat·tment was organized. The
first pair of shoes made from colony leather and made
wjth in the colony, was completed last week. This is
hut a fo rerunner of what will be done in the future.
The r epairing of the colonists' shoes goes right along
and in this respect the shoe shop is in good shape.
The wireless plant is at a standstill at preoent,
although everything is in r eadiness to communicate
with the outside world with the exception of a little
more battery and a man thoroughly conversant with
that mode of communication.
A new club house has been built for the women. It
is handsomely decorated within and in which congr egate the Arts and Crafts and Souvenir Clubs ~nd new
ideas worked out for the benefit of the colony. SouYenirs of the colony a1·e kept on exhibition and for sa]tl
at the rooms.
The l'ar('nt-Teachers' ·Association hold regular
weekly meetings and questions of gr·('at interest are
discu sed and acted upon. !lfany helpful suggestioJl£1
for the care of the younger generation ha,·e heen made,
as well as making life easier for the grown-ups. In
addition to the usual discussions, something of a literary or entertaining fPature is presented at each
meeting.
The ba.'Sehall players are lm~;y at every avai!Lable
moment . }\fany- fierce battle~; have been ro\lJght between the High ~eb.ool and tile Grammar S.ehoot Some
�20
. The Western Comrade
real stars are being developed here. A half dozen
youngsters are in line for a brilliant future on the ball
field right now. Strangers have spoken of this phase
of the athletic life of the colony and probably Llano
will be heard of in baseballdom sooner or later.
The swimming pool is at present dry in order to
be cleaned out and somewhat enlarged for the coming
season's sport. Many· swimmers, women as well as
men, have been developed and a place big enough for
accommodation must be made.
The new concrete bridges about a mi!Jl west of town
have been completed over the worst plat:<es in the wash
of Big Rock. 'fhis improvement portetids good · roads
the rest of the way to Palmdale and extending as far
cast as Victorville. Quicker time is now possible between here and Palmdale on ac.c ount of the bridges.
The prospect for a highway through here is exceedingly
~ood. A concrete road from Saugus to Palmdale is
·
now being constructed.
The road to Azusa through the south fork of Big
Rock Canyon is now a possibility and it is being agitated on the southern end. If this road is put through
one of the most picturesque roads in America shall have
b en opened. It presents a variety of rugged scenery
found nowhet·e else in the western states. Old Baldy
and North Baldy are at all times visible, towering
neat·ly l 0,000 feet in the air, while the whole range is
from 6000 to 8000 feet. This road would pass through
Llano.
The managers' meetings are better attended than at
any time since they were formed. The office in w•hich
they are held is already too small to accommodate the
crowd that wants to listen to the r eports of the foremen
and managers. It is here that the business of the ranch
is conducted. Demands are made for men and teams,
tools and other things \lecessary to carry on certain
work. Every man about the long table, to the number
of 25 and 30, is familiar with every detail on the ranch.
This is practical democracy-because it works.
Llano is now a voting precinct. It will not be neces ary for the Llanoitcs to go to Palmdale to cast their
vote for the choice · of president, vice-president, etc.
~ big vote will resu~t bccau. e formerly it was imposiblc for all to leave here for the twenty-mile trip.
ame of school trn tees are submitted to the
county superintendent of schools who appoints them.
Thi reply i made to a query from the east as to school
tru teeship.
The tr et and houses have been named and number d, so that we now have Llano Boulevard, Avenue
A, B C, D etc. Thi makes it quite convenient for
enquirers as the town is getting so big that it is not
po ible to carry all the locations in one's head without a di tinguishing mark.
The pring rush is on. People are coming in e\~
week, almost daily, o that the hou ina r ource of fu,.
colony is taxed to the utm l Promi
are that :
greater number will come earlier this year than an~·
time since the starting of the colony.
'l'he stork brought three arrh·al thi month. A
little one was left at the home of Frank Will.
he ter
Page, Jr., was visited by a little girl who tak up ,
permanent residence, and G. ni. Fore ' home wa made
the lodging place of a little boy, Dr. Mohn, the olom·
physician, officiated.
The following resolution was signed by 200 colonists
and has been sent to the President of the United tate~.
LLANO, Cal., March 23, 1916. .
Hon. Wo?drow Wilson, President of the United States,
Washmgton, D. C.
Feeling that United States troops sent to Mexico
by ·you means ultimate war, and of a particularly sanguinary character, and tha.t the Interests of the American people, as a whote. cannot be benefitted thereby,
and that it Is mainly for the protection of the property
of capitalists of this and other countries, and that the
alleged purpose, that of restoring order a.nd protection of American Jives Is a subterfuge, we, the residents of Llano, Cal., In mass meeting assembled, hereto
subscribe our names in protest against Mexican invasion by United States troops and ask that you withdraw those already there.
The men and women of Llano realize that if the
American people were permitted to give a true expression by a personal vote on the question of going to war
there would be an avalanche of Noes. The face of conscription, the insanity of armaments, the idiocy of preparedness is appreciated by this radical group of thinkers. The same sentiment is harbored by the common
people the country over, but as a rule they do not know
why. Few people want to be killed, and every soldier
that enlists thinks that he wont be killed. Death to
the strong and vigorous seems impossible.
If every community with similar population as Llano
del Rio, did as well in protesting against going to war
with Mexico, or any other country, the subterfuge of
the munition and armament makers \\·ould soon become
apparent.
Llano del Rio Colony is becoming famous. Ten
thousand people is confidently predicted for this colony
by 1918. These lands can support them·and that nUDlber of men spells absolute freedom from economic worries and means education, leisure and travel. Everything points to this. New colonists are coming daily.
Housing facilities are taxed, but each man brings a certain power with him-the power of adaptation and of
helping himself. He usually brings his tent. This is a
wise precaution and commendable in every way. Tbf•
spirit of the colony is good and work is progressin!!
finely. Green fields now greet and r est the eye on every
hand and the workers are bosy.
�T h e Western Comrade
Th e Ch
~~
~-.,~W.~A~~ st haatp1rehface
ope
•
1
21
1 d ren ' s H o .u s e
B y PR U D E NCE
will shed light upon my effort to report
from month to month the educational
progress. of the Llano del ·Rio Colony,. I
'
want to say that I shall attempt to give
" ,
each month just enough of our theory of
education to prove that we are wor)iing
on a definite basis, and just enough practical illustration and pictured illustration to prove that the children
nrc r evealing in work and play the livableness of our
theory.
Today in Llano where there are no large new school
houses-where there are no substantial and permanent
d\\·ellings yet built-! claim a miracle in school management has already been wrought.
·
Right here in Llano-a colony not yet two years
old-we can show you a school "that is life, a school
that trains for life and secures and ma_intains opportu nities to labor and to learn" for every child from two
and a hal£ years of age· through to the ·first year of
High School. This is no vain boast. We would rather
sho\\· you than tell you of our school.
First let me tell you why we speak with such assurHncc of our school and why we feel that words are so
inadequate to carry to a reader·'s mind the facts about .
the school: \Ve have accepted as our authority the.
method of scientific pedagogy, so we are necessarily
\\"Orking in an experimental way. \Ve have few theorirs to write or talk about. \Ve are at present standing
in the attitude of the scientist and are endeavoring to
lf't our children teach themselves through the opportunity afforded by plenty of fresh air, plenty of land and
\\"ater and plenty of indoor apparatus and books.
I<'rom Dr. Montessori's book on "Scientific Pedag"ogy'' I must quote : ''And indeed, what is a scientist 1
:\ot, certainly, he who knows.how to manipulate all the
instruments in the physical laboratory, or who in the
Ia horatory of the chemist handles the various reactives
\\"it h deftness and security, or who in biology knows
ho\\· to make ready the specimens for the microscope.
I nrleed, it is often the case that an assistant has a
grt'ater dexterity in experimental t echnique than the
master scientist himself. We give th~ name scientist
to the type of man who l1as felt experiment to be a
lllt'ans guiding him to search out the deep truth of life,
to lift a veil from its fascinating secrets, and who, in
th is pursuit, has felt arising within him a love for the
lll.vsteries of nature, so passionate as to annihilate the
1 hought of himself. The scientl.st is not the clever
m11nipulator of instruments, he is the worshipper of
nature and he bears the
external symbols. of his
passion as does the follower of some religiot~s order.
· ''To this body of real scientists belong those who, like
the Trappists of the Middle Ages, forgetting the world
about them live only in the laboratory, careless often in
matters of food and dress because they no longer think
of themselves; those who, through years of unwearied
· usc of the microscope, become blind; those who in their
scientific ardor inoculate themselves with tuberculosis
germs; those who handle the excrement of cholera patients in their eagerness to learn the vehicle through
which the diseases are transmitted; and those who,
knowing that a certain chemical preparation may be
an explosive, still persist. in testing their theories at
the risk of their lives. This is the spirit' of the men
. of science to whom nature freely reveals her secrets,
crowning their labors with the glory of discovery.''
We are r eceiving, daily, revelations of the ability
of children to teach themselves, revelations of the
child's love .for quiet consecutive study; revelations of
obedience to the inner life. Every day we feel more
deeply under ·conviction that it is the business of the
school board and the teacher ;to prepare the · environment and furnish · objects established on the scientific
and experimental foundation and then be .willing to
let children react upon this environment and these obj ects in their own sweet way.
In the Montessori Department, "The Children's
House and Garden," forty-five to fifty little children
from two to six years of age, gather every morning at
nin~ o 'clock and remain until four in the afternoon.
H ere they learn through "ordered activity·" to live a
quiet, peaceful life. In this department they do not
learn by being told to· do things, but by being allowed
to do things and by being shown how to do them correctly. Having shown the children by doing he deed
and saying very littl e about it W!l observe and appreciate
their practical application of the principles of ordered
activity from the moving of a chair and the tying of a
bow-knot to the deep silence of meditation and inner
poise.
Illustrations from the D.omestic Department, showing physical control developing:
Five-year-old Clyde having practiced under direction the exact method of carrying a small chair, is, many
hours later, busying himself scrubbing the kitchen. He
finds it necessary to move a chair; he comes to the Directress, gently takes her hand and says in a subdued
tone, "Now you listen." She listens and he l~fts, moves
and replaces an adult dining chair so carefully and
STO K ES BROW N
�.
'·
i'. i,, • I ' ' ~' ''j..•
_THE HUNTER AND HIS DOG
-- I II':J \\' II fu1· Tile \\' e ~ t e ru L'omJ•aU o
silently that not the s lightl'st sound JS heard .
Esthl'r' lw \ ' Ill !{ ht•en dir·t~ ded to plaee the spoons
with nil th r handles Olll' way, Yoluntecrs to fit them
exac·t ly and t•ompactly togeth er. This 1H·t being appr·ovcd hy tht• Di•·cet•·ess, the neatly-placrd spoons are
shown to the rntire group. By way of appreciation
<'Very chile! imitntes th e sam<.' nu1nner· of layiug spoons
a\\'HY wlH•n wn. hing and wiping thf'm after a meal.
hy .J. J..c wltzl\)',
and a fortifi cation of the i11111~ r life.'' We hope thiR
illustration may prove the truth of h et· s tatement in a
slight d egt·ee.
lllustration f t·om whid1 mi g ht be called the· lntel.
lectual department:
Hal ph, with the "Geometrical Insets," discovers
that the right i.sosoles t1·iaugle is a hal f sq uare . He annouuces it quietly to the Directr ess a nd t hen more .
1llustrati(ln .!towing developnwnt of l.'Ourtesy:
quietly proceeds to prove hi.s Rtatement by p laeiug tlw
~i x-:wat·-o ld Hm·old attempts to wash a table. He inset with ifs long edge agaim;;t the long edge of the pie.pro,·idcs hitnsdf with a tmuhl\'r of water, a small doth tured plane. Halph is educating him..">elt His iun.el'
;.~nd .a piN•e of o-ap . H e SQOU fimts that his water sup- intelligence is reYealing itself t hrou.gh self-aeth·i.ty. He
))ly ill insufficit•ut :md his dotb and vessel both too
learning early to tliunk for bin:u;;e1f.
An illllSh·:ation fnm tbe re.~tromn:
Sln:ail. Ohs\"rVing his aooik 'Of l!istr s the Dil'eetr s
steps ll<"Ur :md address~ng him in .a quiet ito!llle, say s:
'J'wo :and one-.!balif year old l'lhldrre.d gett.'> flet· om~
" \Vf(n~M ,V'<lll alike a ]~atl I{)~ wat>Cr. al!ld :a: aarger dC~itiu., pillow a!llld small eo,·er and g(j)C£ to her ~!lap d.a;v af(<>J'
HaroM ?" "Oh, y-<>sl 0. itha1~ 1k Y'@al, l\lfirs. BooWJil., tlbanik d .a y, l!lenr ln.a1ving been toM w do ·o ; htu.treer tainly lw')"011!1., th~n[k y>OIIl n" 'il' lms lreVeJl.ilrng itbe S:pli.riiit o[ il:me mg il»een tallllg!h.lt to d(j) tlh:hs Lly -set-'ing otillter:S iPll'te~ail·itDg
C{)!tllr'trei\_V ifi~GW~~~g lfoom tlhre V<€try dre pdts a[ lbiis 'Sa1IIIL Dr. her lt>eJ a nd C~tlber 'Lled-s £ar ttlbe qiJlu~t r e-st ,wilaieib. ~1J 1J1e
{ron tress or~ s:a,vs t:Jh:at "' S eijenttrilfiie Ped'3g®gy iis :a <defense
( Cllilnttin ue.d <an !Page :28~
�The Western Comrade
2!1
Tvvo Poems
Llano
EL RIO DEL LLANO
0
N the pineclad hills that Sentinel
For aye the ~leeping Vale~lid th e massive Hoeks, whence its watrrs well,
A D1·eamer sat and heard
ThP <·rystal laughter of that mountain strram
Yoieing th r thoughts that vague and formlrss stinrd
J n his own bosom, shaping his waking dream,
And this, the mPssage that it hade him tell:
· ·To ye, men of the larger vision, come to brat .
.\pathway he!'P, for those of weaker feet:
To pluck the hramblrs and to clear the w'ayWit h stout heart labor; and 'vithout dismay
Y e shall not fa il !
'' Aimlrss to waste the brooklet runs
And yours, 0 toilers, are the hands must guide
To thirsty souls the waters limpid kiss ;
?If ust. coax the coy earth to rast aside
Her bristling armament, her quaker garb of sage,
For flower strewn raiment of a brighter hue.
To bare her bosom to the warm caress
Of Summer suns.
Lo! If your toil, not niggardly he lrnt,
With nsulll'Y 'twill he repaid to ye.
Hrr bonndlrss trr~tsurr 11t your fcrt shRll he11p
·while with each yielded ha1·vest ye sh11ll rr;1p
The richer harvest of your Souls-contrnt
And blest security''
As it glided, singing o'er its mossy stones
'l'his lay, the Mount~tin Bum
Sang to the Dreamer, ii1 silve1·y undertones :
"My dammed up w11ters in the days to be
Shall not alone assist the birth
Of h ~trvest from the quickened rarth,
But shall g ive ye light, and w~trmth-and turn
The mighty wheels of industry.
Shoulder to shoulder, then, knowing naught of fe11r !
Press on serene and read the cheer
Flashed daily from each guardian hill.
When morning walks upon the heights,
Or night, with her first pale stat·
Gleaming afar,
The weary toiler to repose invites,
Like signal fires, the rosy peaks
When the first or last ray on them breaks
From range to distant rangr-thrn stilt
ClPal' chllraeter'd in light, the nws.:;;age spells,
" \\' P w~ttc·h 8)1(1 a 11 is well. "
- A lhP!'ta J. J,rslir..
THE
0
NEW ERA
11! Happinrss. fairntaid of hPfl l't>nl;v birth;
Purer than gold. morp houndl<'ss than the sea,
( 'onw' Tonc·h this lo11d that hinds tn!' to the earth ,
~And 1·aisC' my soul on wings of PC'stae~·.
Oppn ";Jr tlw port11ls of my hc>art
.\ncl lPt tlw light ll!Hl f1·erdom rutrr iu.
< 'onw'
...
Aud g loomy diseontPntnwnt sha ll depart,
And C'\'Pl'.Y eumhf•ring <·an•, and thought of sin .
~!'\\'
E1·a, <·om c·! thPn I will go with th ee
.\nu show unhappy nto1·tals morr ancl mo1·e
or Truth nnd Lovp and ],iff' H S it should he;
And thou on rarth sh;;ll r!•ign for f'I'PrrnorP.
- Jsalwl S<·ott J\feGa nhey.
�The Western Comrade
24
Th e
~~~~ RS.
c
a u s e
0
f
c
r
•
1
m
e
terrupted in her rude way. " I
SAMPSON ~L
By CLARA R. CUSHMAN
DER, president of
know, Cynthy; you're billious. ''
our Millville Ladies' Improvement SoI guess she meant well, but Cynthy looked daggers
ciety, had just got through the door into at her. "I am in the best of health, " she says. Theu
Mrs. Constable i\lcCoy 's parlor where we she looked at her paper again and went on-" but I
were holding our meeting, when the shall not state my conclusions until I haYe heard from
others.''
·widow Steele says to her :
Mrs. Druggist Perkins spoke first. "Tain 't much
" J_,and !?akcs, Cynthy, "whatcha got
of a problem as I can see. It's just that p eople won "t
Harold 's tie on for'!"
Sure enough sh e had! Harold's her !ittle boy and resist the whisperings of Satan and listen to the still,
tl)(~ ti<· was the navy hlue one hi~ grandma hung on the small voice of the Lord.''
" That 's_ it," says 1\Irs. Rever end Hawkins. She
Christmas tree for him. Only it was tied kind of differcnt-t,,-o short loops and the ends hanging long- t wisted and untwisted her f ingers as she's got a habit
a rul she had on a "·aist made like her husband 's shirts of doing, since her last baby "·ent back to its home iu
onl y th e <·ollar was turned over like Harold's. Cynthy heaven three days after it came. "That 's it. Sa tau
Eld er used to he a real dressy woman, too, but since stands at our shoulder and beckons to us and whispers. ,.
"I didn't mean us," says i\I rs. Druggist Perkins, "I
she ha<l that piece published in the Ladies' Journal
about how she made a gavel out of a croquet mallet she 's meant sinners.''
l\Irs. Hawkins started to speak, but didn't; just sat
"hanr-:ccl. !::>he's got uppish and tries to dress lik e an
aut hor·c•ss, and s!Jc 's hung a picture of l\Ir. Bok in the twisting her fingers. 'fhen Fannie Martin says:
"I asked Will what he though made so many crimparlor at tli<' hot<·! which her husband runs opposite
Eliza Crossing the I cc-meaning of course that she hung inals, and he says if children were taught to put their
money in the bank instead of spending it all for candy
;\! r·. Bok opposite E liza, not that Eliza has anything
and such, crime would decrease fifty per cent. And
t o do with running the hotel.
Cynthy got real red but she didn't answer, just he says every child that wants to commence to san,
r ap pPd with her gavel and said the meeting would cumc he '11 give him a cute little bank for nothing, and h e'll
to ord<'r, and we would open the program with a solo keep the key himself so's nobody else can open it. "
"I think," says l\Irs. Dinwiddie, "that mothers are
hy l\lrs. Ban], er l\fartin. Fannie has a 1rew ukulele
and she hinted to me, as chairlady of the program com- to blame because children grow up criminals. Don 't
mittee, that she \vanted to be on the program, so I had you r emember that Gains' boy who was sent to the
- to let her , although I approve neither of heathen in- Whittier reform school, how flat his head was on the
struments nor Pannie 's frivolous songs. After the back 1 \Vell, I think it was because his mother let him
lay on his back all the time when he was a baby, so 's
r eading of the minutes, our president says:
"J_,adies, we are now ready to take up the subject his head grew a funny shape and his brains didn't get
for this afternoon's discussion . As you know, crime to spread out. I think that makes lots of criminals, and
has r ecently raised its hydra head in our midst. Esc t here ought to be a law passed making mother s lay their
teemed members of our own club have been its victims. babies on their sides.''
" That 's just what's the matter already," says Mrs.
One lady lost two pies, another a ham, another a pail
of milk, another some ·gentleman's wearing apparel off Mayberry Crump, getting excited. Milt. McCoy got her
her clothesline. We ladies feel that the time is auspi- husband's position as constable after last election. "I
cious to discuss this momentous problem that we may asked my husband what made so many criminals -and he
arrive at some conclusion whereby-whereby we may said if he'd been constable we wouldn't have had tha t
arrive at some conclusion whereby we (she seemed to wave of crime last fall ; he-'d have had the thief in jail
. realize tha,t something was wrong so she looked at her after Martha Simpson's pie went."
paper ) -\t.!,1ereby we may arrive at some conclusion
"l\Iy husband is as good a constable as there is in
as to the cause and prevention of crime, thereby prov- Southern California," says Mrs. McCoy, " ·and I won 't
ing ourselves benefactors to our community and the hu- hear him slandered. Didn't he watch through the crack
man race. Many long hours since last we met have I in Simpson's barn for two nights after t he crime?''
sat at my d esk with brooding forehead and r evolving
"Shucks," says the widow, "it was just a couple of
brain- "
pies.''
"That is not the point involved," says Mrs. At''And black spots befor e your eyes,'' the widow in-
M
�The Western Comrade
25
torney Peterson, who is very intellectual. " It is not his country, that they might remain ladies, safelya question of pie; it is not a question of how much . or safely-" she looked at her paper-"ensconsed midst
how little the criminal acquired by his nefarious prac- her children in the sacred precincts of her: l].ome, far
ti ces. In taking those pies froni Mrs. Simpson's win- from base man 's struggles in the mart."
dow he was not only wronging Mrs. Simpson, he was
"What's a 'mart?' " says the widow, but nobody
striking at the very foundations of our society, the paid any attention.
right of the individual to private property. He should . "I refer," Cyntby says, "to Mr. Bok of the Ladies'
hr apprehended and summerarily punished. ''
Journal. "
.
.
" It ain't only man 's law he's breakin'' when he
" I like the 'Petite ' patterns better, " I heard Fansteals," says Mrs. Perkins. "What's worse, he's break- nie whisper to Mrs. Dinwiddie.
in ' the eighth commandment.''
Cynthy frowned. "As you know, this great man
Mrs. Peterson went on: " Too many criminals are whom we ladies all admire and love-" slie blushed
allowed to escape from the clutches of the law even and . says hastily-" of course, when I say Iov:e, I am
after they are apprehended. When you once get a speaking in a-a-"
~r iminal safely incasserated
"Platonic sense Y" asks Mrs.
you ought to keep him incasAttorney P eterson, trying to
sr rated."
help her out.
chi 1d of A ready
' 'What we ought to do,"
"Academical· sense," says
says l\frs. McCoy, "is to comCynthy,
very dignified, not
B y MARGUERITE HEAD
mence with our children beliking Mrs.' P eterson to think
HROUGH fragrant fields of Arcady,
fore they are born. My docshe knew more than she
A happy little maid
tor book says you can make
(Cynthy) did. "Mr. Bok does
Is skipping where the flowers bloom,
your baby be like anything
not
believe a true lady should
Secure and unafraid.
you want just by thinking
mingle at the polls with the
rral hard about it before the
other sex. Her divine mission
She has no fear of man nor beast,
baby's born. I wanted to have
is to make the world beautiful
For naught can harm her there; .
a musician in the family, so
Her laughter rings out, like silver bells
and good by staying at home
Upon the clear, pure air.
I played the ·piano all the
and raising her children to be
time before Genevieve was
God fearing men and women."
The factory can cfamp no more
born and by the time she was
'' Ain't that just what I
Her soul with iron bands;
right year s old she was picksaid Y" Martha Simpson snaps.
No more can claim for aching toil
ing out pieces with one fin''Oft in r ecent days,'' CynHer tiny, baby hands.
grr. ''
thy went on, "I have pond"Of course you know,''
ered whether we ladies of CaliSing, little child of Arcady,
says Mrs. Dr. Bromley, folding
forn ia arc' not wronging our
In open-hearted glee !
For you have passed inside the gates
her hands in her lap and
sex and society by fl ying in
\Vh ere hills and woods are free.
blushing, "that I · have no
the face of Mr. Bok 's teachchildr en · because the Doctor
ings. Should we not set a ·
says my nature is too sensinoble example to our sisters
tive for maternal cares. But I do believe that the pre- in other states by refraining to use the franchi.'le, e'en
vention of crime rests with our sex·. ·we should make t hough we have it ? May it nat e'en be true that the
our homes beautiful and r efined. We should uplift sterner sex has fled to crime and evil ways to drown
the opposite sex by the mere sanctity of our presence." their sorrow because ladies are no longer ladies, but
"Shuc:Ks," says the widow, " I don 't think it uplifts are i!'en becoming mere women, who struggle at . the
a man to make him go out to the garridge every time polls and e'en descend to '·standing on ·soap boxes in
city streets exhorting low mobs, or marching about the
he wants to smoke, like the Doctor has to."
Sometimes we think we can't endure t.he Widow in country shouting 'Votes for women!' E 'en that beautiour society much longer. But Mrs. Dr. Bromley is a ful old fashioned expression that Mr. Bok loves so
well, 'The ladi es,' is falling into disrepute! Ah me!
pr rfect lady. She pretended not to hear .
Cynthia arose, holding in her hand a paper Men have lost their Guardian Angels! Mrs. McCoy,
.
t hat she'd written about the cause and was may I trouble you for a glass of waterY"
After she sipped it with her right eye studying her
afraid she would forget. "No doubt you ladies know
1hat in my recent literary career I 'have come in touch paper, she says:
(Continued on Page 30)
\l-ith one who has consecra:ted his life to the ladies of
T
�T he Wes t e r n Comrade
26
p
r
e
p
a r
e
d
n
·e
s s
that ci vilization has been 'ad1 E are told that the
By G R AY HARRIMAN
vancing · s ince the <;lays of feudl'uit•:d States must
\
, prt> pa rc. and many ad vocate · of pre- alism, and that newer things, and truer things,
pan·dn ess paint 1·iviu pictures of tJ1e hor: and lar·ger patriotism have come. 'l'hat is; that \l'e
.
I'<Jrs or war and o[ th e great calamities waut living men, aud ·not dead heros.
In being subject to a foreign attack, they do 11 0t
that will befall the United States, owing
to t l1c raet of its unprepared condition. tell us from which angle the attack will appear. 'l'lwy
Th<·.v rais~· their hands to" the sky and, do 11ot tell us where an attacking country will be able
with imploring voir·<•s. beg of' us to take our guns from to secur·e the requisites to carry an army either across
the hr·arth slonl's, turr1 0111· pnuiing lmii.es into sabt·es, the Pacific or the Atlantic. They rlo not tell us of any
a1HI •·111<'1' th•· rna<! dnn•·e ol' dea.th t hat i·.,- being carried special reason wl1y a for·cigi1 country .11·ould come over
on in Europe.
!1er·c; but just raise their· Yoiees and cry for a band of
TIH·sr· sam•· adi'O<·aiPs ol: preparedness do not tell steel ar·ound our shor es.
'l'hey do not remember that today we a r e con esus \l''ilr·n· 1h!',l' an· goin g to stop. '!'h ey do not give us
a lirw of a..tion to rolloll'. They do not give us a posi. pondingly prepared in r egard to England and Gerti1·<· <'tH·my to f'il cL', hut tii P:V t<· ll us that.w e arc on the many, as much as \\·as England correspondingly pren•rg<• or a eonfli..t. \\'ith whom the eonfli<:t 1rill hP, th ey pared to mc<·t Napoleon in the vietot:ious stmggle. Yet
do not s11y.
they fo rget tliat Napoleon was unable to control for
forty-eight hoUI'S the w<·t ditch , and t hey would have
'1'1~< · J\mPri•·an <·i1iz<'n must understanu the b eat of
the drum , the hl11r<· o[ th P trumpet anll the waving of some> h(']iel'c that th cr·e is tocl<ty a power, or com bina1111gs. and !'il r!' rully 11nal,vz<· th e motil'es and the per·- tion of powl'rs, that could contr·ol our mudpuddles for
sons iidi'O!·<~tin g thi.-; all irnporhmt doctrine o[ prc- a per·iotl of three or fonr months. '!'h ey tell us in their
pan•dn css. Th<·.v must 110t only analyze the motives, y<'llow joumals that w e are after international combut th ey must also st•e who at'!' 1o he t he ones that will mercial supremacy ; that it means the economic upbuilding of · onr nation. 'J'h ey tell us that we must go into
benl'fit. from sw·h a policy.
The pre[Hll'<'<lnt•ss supporters do not tell us in,- glow- :Jrex ieo: that it nwaus the opening · of vast opportuniing II'OI'!Is ol' patriotism, that Dupont of. the Dup<Ynt ties to the Am eric:an <:itizcns, but the~' n eglect to tell
po1niPr' 11·orks is u pun ·o ur nation a! pn·parPd n<•ss (·om- us that pi·actically all a1·ailable and valued r esources
mitt!'<'. Th<·:v do not tell us upon the front pag<'s of of :Jfpxico arc at pr·csent under the domination of Amertheir hired journals that the l\forgan interests are rcp- ican rapital.
rcscntc<l there, anu 11gain, they do not tell us that all
The~' n rgle1·t to tell us that if we did obtain comof t ht· rnunit ion manuf'aeturer·s of th e Unitc!l ~tales mercial supremacy it would he as it has been in the
hnvc th1•ir· r·<·pr·esc ntatives upon ou r· Board of Nationa~ past - und er the a bsolute control of the big concerns.
~afe t:v anJ l'rcpar·etl ncs,;.
'l'lwy clo 110t tt>ll U<; thnt Th<·.v 1lo not tell us that sixty-sc1·cn thousaud out of
the,v th emsclvt•s arc not going into the confl id. And e \·cry one huridred thousand dollars raised fot· national
th<•y do not tl'll us in this present European t·onflil't revenue got' S tO\\·a r·d the payment of our former war
that pra ctica lly Hc~·y shot and shell fir·ed at th e heart dehts, y<'t thPy adYocate the largest na y in the wo:·ld.
\\'ith many gcst.iculations and ma11y troubled outof the Uennnn soldier·s by the allies is being paid for
hy thP allies to the ~rcat Kn1pp Manufacturing cOI·por- cries, the 11·eak ness and inabi lity ai1d inefficiency of our
ation . They do not tell us that every gun that is be- present. army and liH\',\' to eopc \Yith modern antaging uscu by thl' Turks at the Dardanelles \Vas built and onists, are portrayed. \\"e should have the largest ml\'y
sold to the Turl's by 'English manufacturers.
And of th e world , tbey ·say, and w e should have an army
again, tlwy do not tell us th~t smc of the German tor- treble that of our present one. But do they say along
pedo hoats which recently sank a French transport in what lines this is to he done ? Do they say how the inthe l\Ieditenam·an with 600 souls aboard ·was d esigned effi r ieney and inc·ompetency that now exists in our
in the lnited RtatPs and built by an English shipbuild- pr·esPnt mil itary arrangements will he eradicated? Do
ing con cern.
they tell us h0\1' wt> are going to get bettet· armor for
But th<·y do tt•ll us in g lowing words of patriotism our cruisers . Do th ey tell us how we are going to get
that there has come a time when the m11nhood of th e better (• ]othes and food for om· soldiers? Do they tell
Unitf'd States should willingly sacrifice themselves be- us how we arc going to eliminate the <lOrruption among
fore the alter of :Jfars. They seem to ha,·e forgotten arm:' officials ? No. most assu red ly they do not.
-
�The Western Comrade
America wants to become the
•·hief commercial power of the
world. She also wants to become
au all influential power from a military standpoint. Is preparedness
along t he lines of our formet· policy
and along the lines of the European
policy going to be the most efficient and the most advisable one
for such a military nation to pursue 1
Practically all military critics
are agreed that t he old type of battleship is on the junk pile and one
anu all agt·eed that the old forms
of battalion fighting ha1·c become
passe in the face of the rapid firing
~uns of modern times.
'l'h cy a rc
also agreed that our great fo rtresses
lia 1·e become a thing of th e past.
Th e causes of t he European coullict a rc a host of natious, thickly
•·t~ngcst e d , lil'iu g under cliffcreu t
!-(O I'CI'llliH!nts, with different iustitutions, different id eals. different
snr· ial r Piations and diffpr·ent ceollollli<· <:onditi ons. Th ey ar·p fn ll of
tradi tions, hatred a nd a nimosities.
'l'hPy pxist nnd <·r a syst Pm of laws
that arc unjust and ~lo not prrmit
tli <'m to wor·k out in their own way
tl1 Pir own salvation. Th ese various
nat ion. are divided , not acrordin~
tn th Pir r r al natural charal't cristics,
hut aecording to geograph ir al li rH•s
ia id down hy a few powerfu l pltlt;m·hs.
They nrc ln·ought hourly in
• ·t~ nta r t with eaeh other, and ahov,•
all of t his f'arh nation is a rmed to
tiJ,. t ert h in ordrr to he prepared
fot· pearr. On e can r eP.dily sec that
th••t·r are a good many grevia ners
and a good many hatr·eds t hat are
11atural to a rise in the course of
Pl'f'nts.
That thf'se m·med camps nud
nr·med instit utions to · p romote.
prnce and br otherly love sometimes
goo up in smoke has been proven.
\\'hat will be the r esul t of t his European conflict 1 Ther e will be vast
mohs of hungry people and bankl'llpt governments. 'l'hcr·e will be a
rar·e of mutilated men. · There will
hr all po terity of Europe in bonda ~rr to pay off the debts incu rred by
this war which is not going to t he
n:ttions them elves, but to t he mu nition owners.
Tn the United ~ tates. we find
r.,·r·man, Greek. French, Italian.
F.n~li h and Belgian p eople, air
l!it therE>d here and liYina in com-
munities and working their own
salvation according to their own religions, ideals and institutions ; all
because they are p ermitted to function naturaJly under laws that are
more liberal: Yet to. insure p eace
among t hese foreign elements, that
consist in our heterogeneous makeup, we do not arm each faction that
we may · prepare them to live in
peace and harmony, but we do disarm them and give them laws
t hrough which they can work their
own salvation.
As one can r eadily see from om·
geographical locatio,n and from our
political institutions the causes
which ha1·e r esulted in the European
conflict arc not to be found as the
r easons that th e exponents of preparedn ess give u s. Our geographical position fo restalls the possibility of itll'asion. Our polit ical, so<·iHl and economic institutions arc
at ntriance with the idea of a possible conftiet with Europe.
Two yea rs ago t he armies of E nrope were the best equipped in the
world. Europe also had t he best
commerce in the world and its r esources were unlimited. At t hat
time our enthusiasts over prepar edn ess claimed our army could meet
nil such conditions as might arise.
Today, when the-' armies of Europe
arc being destroyed, and nations becoming bnnl~:rupt, our preparedness
.fr iends claim we arc in eminent
danger from im·asion.
Th ey do not, in their patriotic
and enthusiastic addresses, state t he
on e well lmown, yet little acknowledged fa ct that every confl ict of
nat ions in modern times, has been
settl ed, not hy th e bull et , or t he dying soldi er· on the field of battle, but
hy a hoar d of astute diplomats who
have sat leisurely smoking ar ound
·
a mahogany table.
Can our enthusiasts over prepared ness deny t he vietory Tallyrand gained fo r France was n ot
f11 r greater t han that gained hy the
sword of Napoleon ? Can t hey for
moment deny that Japan lost
practically all for which she fought
in her war with Russia Y Yet t hey
believe we should go on killing each
other in · order that merchant ·
princes may reap prosperity and
skilled diplomats may fully settle
the r eal issues of the conflicts.
\ Ve do not for a moment acknowledge in this ar~ment that we
27
What
the War
Really Means:.
(I WAR is a pitiless revealer of
motives.
(I The present war is a struggle
for economic supremacy between the capitalist interests
of various nations,
(I But-what are the ' deeper
economic cauaea? The "law
of motion" driving the nations
to slaughter?
SOCIALISM
AND WAR
By
•-
LOUIS B. aoUDIN
ol "no Tlooorollcollrato• ol ltort MwL"
(I This book tells you, in a pop-
ular but thoroughly scientific
way.
(["Socialism and War" has attracted attention in Europe
and America. Boudin is a
great Marxian scholar. His
explanation of the economic
basis of Imperialism is superb.
(I No
scientific jargon - a
dear intelligible atudy of
Socialiam, Capitalism a n d
War,
Price $1.10, Postpaid
You can get this remarkable
book · in coml.Jinatlon with t he
Western Comrade for $1.25.
Make all checks or money or ders payable to
The Western Comrade
924 Higgins B uildi ng
Los Angeles, Cat.
The Llano del Rio Colony
is desirous of enlarging
its Printing Press Dept.
WANTED
CYLINDERer OtherPRESS
Typetletliag
UNOTYPE
Mac b l aery aad
EQUIPMENT
Address: Printing Dept., W~STERN
COMRADE, 924 Higgi na Building
Loa Angelee, Calif orn i a
�'J'he Western Comrade
28
should throw away our arms. But
would al o do away with our iioodetl
system of our army and navy should
be made efficient. That the graft
and corruption, which results from
Subscription Price Fifty Cents a Year the profits of the munition interIn Clubs of Four Twenty-five Cents
ests, should be eliminated by the
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
government in taking over all inFrank E. Wolfe, Editor
dustries and resources, including
Frank H. Ware, Associate Editor:
VoL lii
March, 1916
No. 11 the steel industry, munition factories, railroads, telegraph and
telephones.
S t a r t l e r s Instead of an army of idlers
In case of war perhaps I would i.P peace times an industrial
go.-'l'HEODORE ROOSEYE~'l'.
army should b~ created and should
W c Americans really consider be put to work developing natural
other races than ours inferior.- resources, irrigating arid wastes,
constructing highways, building
,JOHN REED.
canals and a host of other services
Pardon me, there is no such thing
that they could render the public.
as a "capitalistic system. "-LESThis would create an army of
LJE ::'II. SIIAW.
skilled artisans. It would make
Why should we wait for a Ford 1 them well able to cope with any and
Why not travel in our own car, co- all emergencies in time of war. It
operatively built and owned.-A. l\L
SIMONS.
One hundred forty . ears ago the
United tates was called upon to
take a stand w~hich placed her at
once far in advance of other nati01 •
toward the ultimate goal_of civilization. It was a stand for demo racy.
We, as Americans, are prouu our
forefathers did what they could to
establish a democracy and there ha
today come another such crisis wh n
every American should take anoth r
such stand that will place the United States again foremost in the
onward march of civilization. lf
we adopt a policy of preparedness
we would be going back toward a
period of military feudalism. Such
a policy must not be adopted, for
· then we could not, with any consistency, advance, whE'n this war i
over, a policy of internationnl disarmament and the establishment of
the United States of the World.
·THE WESTERN COMRADE we do maintain that the present labor condition .
. . . . .43
Entered u aecond-clua matter at the
post olllce at Los Angeles, Cal.
924 Higgins Bldg., Los A.Bgeles, CaL
Senators at'e so careful about the
information sent to the people of the
United Statrs.-SENA'l'OR REED
of l\Iissouri.
In spite of our panicl<y patriots,
who are diligently sowing the gospel
of feat·, there is no real danger from
war.- AMOS PINCHO'l'.
On subjects in which- Americans
arc vitally interested it has been
Roosevelt who has uttered the great
American
ideas. -'-- WILLIS H.
BOOTH.
'l'here is much talk of prosperity
sweeping tln·ough ·the land, but the
prosperity which springs from rivet'S of blood and tears is not the prospel'ity that will benefit any nation.RUDOLPH BLANKENBURG.
:Military and naval records of the
last year show that more than 50
p er cent of the young men applying
fot· enlistment last year were mentally, physically ot· morally .•unfit to
sene in the army or navy.-OTTO
McFEECY.
'l'her i not a pharisee of high or
low degree in the whole bourgeois
aggregation of patriots who has the
courage and honesty to tell the truth
and to announce boldly and unequivocally that be stands for war.E GENE V. DEB...:.
The Children'S House contin ued from page 22
children take in the early after- for the horses that are accorded to
noon. Mildred is instinctively responding to the inner demand for
rest, which the average child fights
untiringly. "Scientific Pedagogy"
teaches: that it is not natural for
. children to be violently boisterous
and unruly. "Scientific Pedagogy"
reveals the fact: that children love
to study and to learn; that they
love to work as well as to play; that
they are naturally very responsive
and obedient to rational guidance,
but that a false and arbitrary pedagogy which holds the:n to · forced
and unnatural ol-.edience to unnatural methods develops the spirit of
revolt under which they r eveal a
disrespect for themselves and their
elders.
In Llano Del Rio Colony, I say we
are experimenting nQt only with the
little children from two and a half
years of age to six, but we are extending the spirit and purpose of
"Scientific Pedagogy" through the
grades.
Under a most efficient
physical culture and play ground
director the children are sweeping
and dusting the school rooms, keeping the school yards in order, clearing ground of brush and stone for
a garden, turning the soil with their
own labor. planting the seed, caring
their use, making bricks and planning and building a club house;
they receive the money that is usually paid t9 a janitor, and with this
money they purchase play ground
apparatus and other necessary
equipment. They are constructing
their own swimming pool and are
learning to swim and run and play
ball as well as to work and study.
One evening in each week all t he
children of all the g rades dance and
leam to dance in the General As·
sembly Hal!. On this occasion only
the adult who chooses to teach a
child to dance can have access to
the floor. We find this a most successful method o drawing out the
latent springs of unselfishness in
the grown people and as grown people learn in exactly the same.' way
. as do the children, we feel that
Llano is extending the " cientiiic
Pedagogy '' to meet the needs of
every one from the least to the
largest.
There is no resident of Llano but
sees and acknowledges that this
method "will open up to the mind
and heart the fields of excellence
in human endeavor; that will be a
training in the simple, lowly, kindly
virtues of Justice and Brotherhood. "
�Th~
Western Comrade
29
I nvasion
By FRANK H . WARE
TROOPS suffering from exposure;
Plodding along, weary and
footsoreDay by day through desert waste,
Hot and thirsty,
Living only on half rations\.,.\aught but the jangle of equipment
.llid the rattle of artillery
(her cacti, brush and rocks,
)!inglcd with the scuffling march
Break the silence.
\\' ith nauseous smell of sweating
flesh
l·'ouling the air of their new,
made camp;
Cool night, in somber silence,
~t e als down and wraps itself
() ·er their hot bodies.
· ~lidst
power and wealth-and
povertyShrieking loud, "Revenge!"
Through organs kept and prostituted,
Fat-bellied masters slyly wink and
say :
" Are not these troops, our troops?
ls not this war, our war Y
Does not the land invaded now,
Brlong to us ?"
U p
to-date
SHADES of the European night-
mare ! The next day following
the Columbus raid a cavalryman·of
San Diego, dressed in khaki and
ra rtridge belt, stepped into line before a justice of the peace, and was
married to the lady of his heart.
\Yith proud and pompous step
<rharacteristic of the military
Henry) he marched to the train on
the following day, kissed his bride
good-bye, and left her at the station
glowing in the fact she was the first
war bride. Who said our army is
behind times!
\V a · r
A
Orders
RECENT newspaper report
said '' 700,000 rounds of ammunition left United States munition plants for Mexico. More will
follow:" It has.
This vast amount of munitions is
not for the use of invading Americans, but for use on these Americans by Mexicans, under orders
from American capital.
lgn~rance
is the f;reat
Curse! .
Do you know, for instance, the scientific difference between love and
passion?
·
Human life is full of hideous exhibits of wretchedness due to Ignorance of sexual normality.
Stupid, pernicious prudery long has blinded us to sexual truth. Science
was slow ·in entering this vital field.. In recent years commerclallsts
eyeing profits have unl!)aded many unscientific and dangerous sex boolts.
Now, the world's great scientific minds are dealing with this subject upon
which human happiness often depends. No longer 'ts the subject taboo
~tmong intelllgent people.
We take pleaeure ~ring to the American publlo
the work of one of the world'l greatelt authorltlee upon
the queltlon of eexual ilfe. .He 11 Auguet Forel, M. D.,
Ph. D., LL. D., of Zurich, Switzerland. Hla book will
open your eyee to youreelf and explain many myeterlee.
You will be better for thle knowledge.
Every profe11lonal man and woman, those dealing with social, medical,
eriminal, legal, religious ·and educational ·matters wlll find . this boolt ot
immediate value. Nurses, police ofllcials, heads of public institutions,
writers, judges, clergymen and teachers are urged to get this book at once.
The subject is treated from every point of view. The chapter on "love
and other irradiations of the sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex emotions-contraceptive means discussed-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all in domestic relations-A great book by a great man.
"The Sexual Question"
Heretofore sold by subscription, only to physicians. Now offered to
the public. Written tn plain terms. Former price .$5.50. Now eent prepaid for $1.60. This is the revised and enlarged Marshall English translation. Send check, money order or stamps.
·Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
General DeaJera in Boob. Sent on Mail Order
142 West 23rd St., New York, N . Y.
A TEMPTING OFFER
•
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Western Comrade through combination otrers. This month we have several new
ones added t o the list. Would you like to get
THE NATIONAL RIP-SAW
with the Western Comrade at a reduction ? Just send seventy-five cents to the
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Angeles, CaJ .• and be placed on the mailing list o! both magazines !or one year.
Telephone Home A-4638
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Attorneys at Law
921 Hig1na BulldlDc
Loa Ancelea, Cal.
Home A-2003
Kabl tlt
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Loa Allplea, Cal.
�The Western Comrade
30
Women's Magazines
'l'he Western Comrade has arranged several good combination offers for the benefit of its
women readers . . Among them
are:
Today 's magazine and MeCall's, both with the Western
Comrade for one year for $1.25.
'l'his includes a free May Manton pattern and a free McCall
pattern.
Another t empting offer is
'l'oday's and Housewife and the
·western Comrade. Th ese three
can be had in combination for
one y ear for $1.00.
Still anothc~ffer· includes
several magaz· es. It is 'l'oday 's. \\'om an s \Vorld , Home
Life, P eopl e's 'opulnr l\ronthly
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WESTERN COMRADE
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We s t f
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1
e 1 d
why this was. So he resolved to
ask the Rev. B. U. Stupid for his
advice on the subj ect . To ask his
parents made sitting uncomfortable.
So the n ext Saturday at his
weekly lesson in Catechism, which
he r eally despised, he ventured to
ask th e question : "Why is it,
Domini that all animals have the
s!).me number of bones in their
backs Y' '
· "God made them that way."
." ' 'Couldn 't God think of any diffe l·ent number 1"
ing on our hind legs, and having
our heads up just because we have
our forepaws off the ground."
''Who have you been talking t o
that told you this 1'' snapp d the
preacher. "That is infidelity. Don 't
let me hear it again. Who told you
these things, Ben 1 Tell me f''
"God, " answered Ben. " You
said God is in everything. Well, I
j.ust learned these things from the
things God made."
"No, you didn 't, " snapped the
parson.
"Yes, I did. Nobody ever told
me a thing, only I was beat up f or
"0, Sres. "
' ' 'l'hen wf1y didn 't h e 1 H e even askin g questions on things that are
shaped them th e same, only differ- here by n o fault of mine. If God
ent in size. 'l'hen the legs and arms don 't want me to think, why didn 't
of man and cows are not much dif- h e make me without a h ead 1"
" You a t·e excused from the class,
ferent, and even bats and gods are
B en, until y ou a re r eady to t ell who
made just like us."
'' Oh, n o; we a re very different. · has been t ellin g you this nonsense."
And Ben "-ent out, sorely puz\Ve carr·y our heads up, and t he
beast rat'ries its head down . "
zled.
H e, however, r esolved that if
"What a bout ducks and geese,
and roostet·s and stallions. It looks truth wer e infidelity, he would be
to me th at "·e are just animals walk- an infidel.
The Cause of Crime
Our
Greatest Offer!
Here is a combination offer of The
American Socialist, official organ of
the National Socialist Party, the
famous "1914 National Campaign
Book" and The Western Comrade
that not one reader of The Western
Comrade can afford to let slip by.
The American Socialist
for one year Ia .... • .... $ .50
The 1914 Campaign Book . •!iO '
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Total
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THE WESTERN COMRADE
924 Higgins Bldg.
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Continued from . page 10
"Ladies, let us do om humble
part to give :back to th e opposite
sex the ideal woman of y esteryear.
Next election instead of mingling
at the polls, let us r emain in the
sanctuary of our homes; let us don
our softest gowns, and with our
babes gathered about us, our dainty
embroidery in our hands, let us ask
Mrs. Martin to t ake our photographs
with her kodak, then I will collect
them and forward them to the Ladies' Journal to publish, with the
title, ' California Ladies Who Do
Not Vote."
"Shucks, Cynthy, " says th e
widow, "we 'd look like idiots. "
''My sister says some of the richest ladies in Los Angeles are suffragettes," says Fannie. " I think
they're lots sweller than the antis. "
I knew it was time for me t o
speak now or else hold my peace
forever.
"Ladies," I says, "as wife of the
j udge and leading member of the
Immanuel Baptist church, I think
I may call myself a lady as much
as any ·o f you ; but if God hadn 't
intended us ladies to go to the polls
and vote he wouldn't have given us
Contin_ued__ from
P:'_g~ 5
the chance. God has chosen we California ladies like be ·chose Moses of
old to lead his children out of the
wilderness of J>in and crime which
is swallowing in its greedy maw our
great and glorious nation. Ladies,
th e r eal cause of crime is the three
A 's-Atheism, Alcohol
and Anarchy ! B€hind eYery crime, ladies,
if you want to find the criminal,
look for one of t he A 's. Have you
lost. a pi.e? IJook for an A. Did
you lose a ham ? One of th e A 's
did it! A bueket of milk 1 One of
th e A 's took it! A pain of gentleman 's apparel ? A again ! Ladies,
· I mention no names, but the three
A 's are in our midst. Beware! La·
dies. I say, beware ! I thank you. ' '
After I sat down th e ladies just
looked at me with their mouths
open. Finally Mrs. Dinwiddie says:
"Who do von mean 1"
"I mention no names, " I says. ·
"Across the river is a heathen Jap
rancher. H eathens ·are atheists.
Maybe he took the things ~:~.nd maybe he didn 't. Maybe it was one of
the other A 's. "But we ain't got any alcoholics
now, since Tim Barker was sent t o
�31
The Wes'tern Comrade
Patton. And we never had any oi yourselves on Socialists like I have
them t errible Anarchists, P,raise by reading the Los Angeles Times,
Uod. "
you'd know that nearly all the
" You don 't haYe to get drunk to crimes committed up there are done
he an alcoholic,'' I says. "Anybody by Socialists or I. W. w::s, which
that would be seen carrying home is the same thing."
11 demijohn ri ght in broad daylight
I unfolded my paper. "See right
lil; t' I >:aw that · Dago that lives l!ere today. Here 's a piece headed,
11eross the t racks, would do any- 'I. W . W. thug beats up lady.' And
th ing. lit' is an A. 1 don 't say it's oYet· here's another-' St reet car
hi m. but I warn vou! "
bandits busy-probably Socialists.'
" Yt's, hut- ".
Do you think such people would
" Jt mi ght be the Da go and again ht'sitatc at stealing a pie ?"
it mightn 't. Ladies, I mention no
' ' There's a duchess or something
lla llH' s. But beware. It might have
over in England that's a Socialist,
hc>rn thr last A !"
or Socialess, " says Fannie.· "What
"' \Vh o ~- a' talking a bout ?" says do you call them when they're
t il (' " -i cl 0 \\" .
ladies ?"
" I nw ntion no names," I says.
''They're never ladies,' ' says Mrs.
'· Bt'in g a Christian lady I mention Dr. Bromley , "they 're all called So11 u namrs. But ] s a~' · when you're cialists."
in\·Pstigatin g crimP, ah\·ays look for
'' Or A 's,'' sa~rs I. ' ' Dear friend, ' '
th e th1·cr A 's nnd you '11 find the I says, taking 1\'Irs. Attorney Petertlii r f. _\nvhodv thnt r eads the ]_;os son 's hand, " the pi es and the milk
Angeles 'l'.imcs ·ought to know that and the ham are probably gone for- .
~or ialists and .Anarchists arc the
eYer, but if you want your gentles:1111P 1hin g."
man 's apparel, dear fri end, I accuse
" :\fv gra rious!" savs M1·s. P erk- no on e. But watch the A 's."
ins, , ;d~ ~· o u menn tiJC Bricklayer
" Thry arc indeed a menace to solla rnscs ?''
c i t't~' , ' ' says Mrs. Attorney P eter" I nr·c·nse no one," I says. "I'm son, '' if they carry their pernicious
.iust. trlling yon the r nnse of crime. doch·incs so fm·· as to confiscate my
1\townrr . lndi t's, of' nursing vipers in noble hnshnnd 's apparel. In my
your hosoms. ' '
opinion th ey should all be incasserated."
·
" ~huel;s!" says the widow.
" TlH~y don 't look like p eople wlio
"Amen !" says, Mrs. McDermott.
would steal ," says Mrs. McCoy,
The widow was about to say
" hut you n ever can t ell."
'' shucks,' ' so I moved that we ad" Lad irs," T says. "if you'd post journ .
After the War
th e war, what ? Th e end
A PTER
is not in sight for the great
conflag ration across the seas. Thousands arc dying daily and preparations are f everishly going on to
furtht>J' slay thousands-and . for
\\'h at ? Thd Elll'opcaP. nations are
now on n paper basis. Billions upon
hilliow; of debts are piled up and
\\' ill never he paid. Th en what ?
Ht· pudiation.
That ugly word
stares the hankers of th e world in
the fa ce. Th e 'Cnited States is 01i
a ~old standaJ·d. Th e fear of debt
J't' pudiation is more serious than
the 16-to-1 doctrinl). This is a real
llJ••naec. \Vhat of th e uncounted
111illions owed by Europe to Amerit·an han king interests ?
It does not matter much what
hn ppens in the financial world from
What?
now on. The world is facing universal bankruptcy.
Indeed, the
nations ·~£ the earth , as a whole, arc
totally bankrupt today. Ther e is
not a country that can pay its debts
without becoming insolvent. If the
gold standard is swept away and
th e golden metal r educed to a common commercial commodity, chaos
will r eign for th e capitalist lords of
the earth.
'l'he labor and fightin g of th e
·w01·ld is now done coll ectively and
th e only thing that scpa··ates the
mass from a free distribution of the
results of labor and war, is the false
standard of gold. Co-operation internationally has been advanced
decades by the epoch-making c~~s
trophe on the blood-soaked and historic soil of Europe. -R. K. W.
PEARSON'S
is the only Magazine
of its kind
This is why:Three years ago Pearson's decided to
be a free magazine:
This is what it did:ABANDONED FANCY ~OVERS
CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
ADOPTED PLAI PAPER
This was the purpose:- A plain form would enable the magazine to live on its income from subscriptions and monthly sales. It
'would not have to consider the effect
on advertisers when it wanted to print
the· truth about any public question.
This was the resutt:Pearson's now prints the truth about
some question which affectsyourwelfare in every issue. It prints facts
which ...no magazine that depends on advertising could
"afford'' to print.
And, with all this, Pearsonsstill prints
as much fiction and entertainment
articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of pretty
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year for $1.50. .
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can get .botn PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COM·
RADE for one year by
sending $1.00 to
·. The Western Comrade
924 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
Your Combings
made into switches for
one dollar, postpaid.
•
Work gtuJrant!ed.
MRS. E. TURNWALL
Llano, Cal.
�ELKS KIN
BOOTS and SHOES
" Factory operated in connection
.~ with LLANO DEL Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch bootl.$8.00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men'• 16-inch boota. 8.00
Ladies' 12-in. boots.. 8.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men's Elk-work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 6.00
Ladies ' Elk shoes. . . 4.00
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 6. . . . . . . . . . . . 1.60
Child's Elk shoes,
6¥2 to 8. . . . . . . . . . 2.00
Ohild'a Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.60
llilses' and Youths,
11% to 2. . . . . . . . . 3.00
Place atocklng foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around aa per above 11luatratlon. Pa• tape
around at llnu without dn~wlng tight. Glvo
olD uaually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pair
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of to'\\"D. shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order, and state .
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Com.pany
924 Higgins Bldg.,
Los Angeles, Cal.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-03
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1916-03
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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v03n11
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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.•
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Information About the
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
Llano, California
the gt·catest Community
T ill!:;<· ,· er islaunch
ed in America.
Enterprise
The <·olony " ·as founded by Job Harriman and
is situated in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los
An geles County, Cali fo rnia, a fe w hours ' ride
from Los Angelr•s. Th e comm unity' is solving the
prohlt·in of discmployment and business failure,
and offe rs a way to provide fo r th e fut ure w elfare of the workPrs and their fami lies.
H!'re is an rxamplc of co-operation in action.
Llano d(· l Hio Colony is an enterprise unique in
the history of <·ommuuity groups.
Jt was estab lished in au attempt to solve the
problem of unemploy ;··e nt by providing steady
<·mploynH·nt for th e wo1kers; to assure safety and
•·om fort for the fu ture .:nd fol' old age; to guarantrc rd uf'ati on for the chi ld r en in the best school
1111der· persoual supcn·ision, and to provide a soPial li fe amid surroundings better than can be
found in tlH• eom pctiti vc worl d.
Thrrc are ahout 700 JWr·sons living at the new
to\\·n of Llano. There arc now more t han 200
pupils in th e sc hools, a nd scvcl'al hundred arc
expec t ed t o be enroll ecl before a year shall have
passed . Plans arc und ct· way for a school building, whi ch will cost several thousand dollars. The
bonds have hcen voted and sold a nd th ere is
uothing t o delay the buildin g.
Sehools hav e oprncd with classes nlllgi ng from
th e Montessori a nd kind erga rt en grades through
the intermediate, whi ch in cludes the first year in
high school. This gives th e pupils an opportunity to tal{(' advanced subjects, in cluding languages in the colony school.
Th e colony owns a fine herd of 105 head of
J ersey and Holstein dairy cattle and is turning
out a large amount of dairy produ cts. Thel'e is
st ea dy d emand for our output.
Thet·e are over· 200 hogs in the pens, and among
them a large numher of good brood sows. This
department will be given sp ecial attention and
ranks high in importan c~.
The colony has seventy-five work horses, two
large tractors, three trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry department has 2000 eggmaking birds. some of them blue ribbon prize
winners. This dPpartment, as all oth ers, is in the
charge of an expert and it will expand rap idly.
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry
and the manager of the d epartment· says ' the arrivals arc in startling numbers.
'fher e are about 11,000 grape cuttings in the
ground and thousands of deciduous fruit imd
shade trees in the colony nursery . This d epartment is being steadily extended .
The com munity owns several hundred colonies
of bees which a1·e producing honey. This d epartment will he in cr eased to several thousands.
SeYera l tons of honey arc on hand .
Am ong other industries the colony owns a
steam laundry , a planing mill, large modern sawmill, a printing plant, a machine shop, ;:t tannery,
a rug and ca rpet w eaving plant, and a number of
other producti vc plants are contemplated, among
th em a cannery, an ice plant, a shoe factory, knittin g and wea,·in g plant, a motion pi cture company and facto ry. All of this machin ery is not
yet set up owin g to th e stress of hand ling th e
crops.
Th e POlonists are farming on a large s·cale with
the use of mod ern mach in cry, using. scientific syst em and tri ed methods.
About 120 acres of gar·den was planted last
year. The results hav e been most gratifying.
Social li fe in th e colony is most delightful.
Entertainments and dances are r egularly establish ed functions . Baseball , basl< et-ball, tennis,
swimming, fishin g, hunting and all other sports
and pastimes are popular with all ages.
Several hundred acres are now in alfalfa, which
is ex pected to run six cu ttings of heavy hay this
season. Th er e are t\\"O P.roducing orchards and
about one hundred acres' of young pear trees.
Several hundred acres will be planted in pears
and apples next year.
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside
for a site for a city. 'fhe building department is
making bricks for t he construction of hundreds
of homes. 'l'h e city will be th e only one of ito;
kind in the world . It will be built with the end of
heing beautiful and utilitarian .
There are 1000 memberships in the colony and
most of them are subscribed for. It is beli eved
that the remaind er will be taken with in the next
few months.
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C 0 N "T EN TS
Page
5
Editorials
By Frank E. Wolfe.
Bl<>ssin~s
of JgnoraneP
!)
By Emanuel Julius.
A :\lillionaire 's Vision ( Poem )
1l
By \Vilby Heard.
Jolting the ,J in!!oes
13y Edmund R. Brumbaugh.
Tlw :\Ian \Vithout a {'ountr·y
•)
. 1'"'
By A. F. Gannon.
Thr·ou!!h Eyes of Tomol'!'ow
By l•;rn est S. Wooster.
Enthusiasm Hult>s Llano
Hi
By R. K. Williams.
22
:\font csso rians
By A. C. A.
On Big Rock Creek
Llano l\fusings
By John Dequer.
\\'edd ing R Plls
By Clara R. Cushman.
ThP Prcpan• r: ( Po('m )
. 2(i
By A. F. Gannon.
IL"L U STcRATION S
Pt•cpi ng Into Paradise
Frontispi ece
! 'nde 'amuels
6
Buying Labor
7
~om e
The
Day
~e w
". ick :\Ian·'
Out of tlw TrPnche.
11
lfj
�(
.P ping
nto
Paradi
l'tH\\n f,,,
.,,_f> ,,..,.
t..-r·n c·nmradf•
h~-
l. \. Kt-mpf
�I
THE WESTERN COMRADE
__________________________________ o
__ev_p_t_ed___
to__ t_
_h_e __c_~_
un
___o_f __t _h e__vv
__o_rk_e_n___________________________________
Co· operation
Political Action
VOL. III
Direct Action
LOS ANGELES, CAL., FEBRUARY. 1916
NUMBER 10
Big Rock Basin Looking South F r om the Dam Site
E
D
I
T
I~I:\ (; the priee of ga~olint·
R Awas
th e l<l"l'atc•st blunde r e\·et·
0
~n·a t
I
A
L
s
ot: rc•g;ll at ion it will first be n eccssary ro prove gaso lin e is a pu~
ntilit.L '!'hat should he l':tii.Y, hut it ~ -1-r-iasoJin c is a publie utility, so is !'!lbPit.:atmg oil; so is
hard grease and spark phrgs.- -flasolin c r ·gulation is
a ghastl,v joke•. ] n the E ast tlw 1nir·e is much high er.
\\'hi lc
sir in!!ton is paying twPnty-1 hrcc ce nts or
more a gallon, th•• l ' nited Stat<"s lm.-; not paid more
1han Pil·l·r·n ePJrts. ,\ t e l• ~n n t·ents ther·c arc scv<'ral ec·rtts a gallo11 profit.
Ju Califnl'llia t lrr·r·p is g r·Patc·r· prodwtion of cmdc
oil than cn r !Jrforf' in 1Ir e histot·y of tlrc~ industry.
By tl w n ew p1·or: rss, low gravit,\' oil c·an he refined
and gasolin r produf'<'d at a )o\1-c r rate than before.
Ther·p has ahnrys hr·c·n Sf'\'l'l"al hundr·cd percent
profit in gasnlinP. Tlu· oil lands o( California were
alrnost all stolf'n frorn tlr l' 1wopl•·. 't'lrc F-itandard
By Fra nk E. 1Vo lfe
h~' the oil h·ust. ]t !'an squar·PI.v against tile
mitltlle •·lass- that strong bulwark of capitalism wlrit·h has stl'nrlfa~t l.v withstooel the· arguments
of th e· ~ o•·ialists.
ln ( 'alifol'llia at·tiou has hePn started that indi ratl's that an Hl'lHJ!WIIIent would J~.v: if a lf'adet·
would hut sprinl-! up in t ~st of the outrag"d
IIHtss or autQJ.l.I.CI-~ · e ennters who haye seem the p1·ir e
!.l.Ll-1-tdr~tin• fiu itl n«'nrly doubled within a few
\\'l'l'ks.
First a littl e mtwieipal hoard of publi c utilitir .~
wns lt ppPaiPc! to. Th en th e ma,vor of Los Angeles.
Th(·n eommit tees ,,.<'r e appointed. An appeal was
IIHtdt> to the .'tatt' Haihva~· ConJmis ion ( tatr hom·rl
nf puhlic· ntilitir•s \ . ln OJ'de'J" to earry out th e fan·e
rnadl'
R
.,,.a
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T·h e W e s t e r n C o m r a d e
6
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2
Oil is brazenly drilling wells on lands that are in
li tigation and ag!}in they are showwg their contempt
for the "sovereign people."
To the Socialist reader the solution is obvious.
But in hope that we catch the eye of the unawakcncd, we give th e solution: RESTORATION 'fO THE
PEOPJ.JE OF THAT WHICH HAS BEEN CONFISCATED. THE COLLEC'fiVE O~ERSIDP 0F
TillS AND ALL OTHER SDURCES · OF LIFE.
U
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the state. The previous occasion was when a special
commissioner of the Governor discovered them during the San Diego free-speech fight. That this is
the chorus of the French National anthem has not
soaked through the brain of any policeman or speci al investigator. This situation almost parall els
the discovery made by the brightest cub reportet· on a Sacramento newspaper who discovered
a plot on the part of fi ve desperate characters
who were about to march
on ock. Island and seize
th e ·arsenal, if there be one
there; thence march triumphantly to the capture ·
of Chicago; thence on
arid on, all fiv e of them, to
the oYerthrow -of the Government at Washington.
God bless the daily
press. 'Tis not only th e
palladium and bulwark of
our f reedom, but it adds
greatly to . the gaiety of
nations in the dull-drab
depths of a dismal season.
XTRA ! Uxtt·a! Horrors of war a11d an
im·asion of a peaceful lahor·ing r epubli c! The I.
W. W. agitat_ors are going
to descend f rom the nail
kPg and do something.
\\' (' have the assurance of
th r- capitalist press that
tjr is is· th e case.
-----Th e industr · workers
are to · ade J,ower Californ ia, a land populat ed
hy fi erce handitt i, helodrrmas and horned toads.
1'h e plan was for th e I. W .
+ + +
W. to marshal a great
HE Socialist Party as
army of hlanket stiffs and
organized in Califorseizzorbi lls, armed with
nia is a wonderful instituthe deadly bindlesti ck ,
tion. It !1as a state execumarching with fl a t-wheel
ti ,.e hoard ; a state office, a
goosestep, into a seething
state
secretary and a state
Uncle Samuels
maelstrom of de facto and
mimeograph.
Combined,
- The Passing Show, London
other kinds of j efe pothis is a mighty piece of
liticos of Tijuana Baja.
enginery and presently,
F ederal officers have been ransacking the rooms when it gets ready to clove, it will sp itlicate the capo[ these embryonic invaders in Los Angeles and italist system and send the decentralized f ragm ts
among th e other deadly and damning evidence has scattering through space.
been found a red-back ed songbook containing th ese
Just at present, however , its mimeograph-secrefateful words:
tary is busy in much weighti et· matters. Having
cleared the decks, if not th e atmosphere, by condu ct" To arms! To armS.! Ye brave!
The avenging sword unsheath.
ing opera bouffe heresy trials, the inky-blinky in March on, march on, all hearts resolve
stitution r eels out monthly if not weekly circular
On victory or death."
letters "to th e Locals and Branches." Most of these
Th ese turribl e words once more officially alarm are prefaced hy th e stereotyped phrases, "we are
T
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The Western Com r ade -
,-onstautly receiving inquiries concerning the Ll~no derful success that it is achieving and rejoices that
"olony." 'l'his is the straw-man method and smacks it has not "the remotest connection either directly
of' the system of 'Yriting letters to onetSelf and ans- or indirectly" with a morbund group centered
wering them in the "·eekly organ.
around a mjmeograpb.
+ + +
To quote one lin e: '"l'he Socialist Party hru; not
l!O\Y not· ricver has had the remotest connection, eithet· · T
HIS magazine recently published an appeal for
one of the leading anarchist writeL·s of America
IIi rcc:tly or indirectly, " -ith this colony." To this
to vrite a book which would orient students 'who seek
".,. always say lr eartily, "Amen and amen!"'
The Socialist Part? of California under the guid- knowledge on just what t he philosophy of anarchy
may be. One is r eminded
a n ~:c of the S. E. B. aud
of the necessity of some
its
mimcographer - has
such wor·k where they c.:>nwrought in so masterl y a
sider· th·e diverse attitudes
liHIItllcr that the dwindling
of William C. Owen and
111-PIIlhcrship is at the YanAlex. B erkman. Owen has
ishing point. The hHgest,
been raging about the inmost thriving a-nd widevasion· of Belgium and de;nrak c local in the state is
claring that workers of all
locat ed at the colony.
nations sl10uld ever stand
'l'h crc are a number of
ready to repel invaders.
locals " ·here our comrades,
Berkman, in his new magwith ' splendid spirit, are
azine, the Blast, bitterly
striving to be constructive
assails Congressma~ Meyer
in building up membership
London hecause he said
and
sp~·cauing
propathat SociaJjsts would deganda. In this their sucfend the country if it were
cess is measured by their
invaded.
indep end ence of assistance
Whatever the criticism
from th e state headquarmay
be, J.Jondon unquesters. 'l'here are more Sotionably
spoke the truth.
cialists in California at
No matter how high-flown
this hour than rver hefor e
Lloyd George: "Haven 't you any patriotism?"
our sentiments or decl~ra
in the history of the moveBritish Labor: " Aye, I sells it."
tions may be, history and
ment. \Ve hl).re on th e
1'\e w York Evening ~un
the facts are with London.
platform now more great
.
Vv e may say to capitalism,
speal, ers than we have
f'\'er· had before. Gr·eater interest is taken state "Why should we defend your country 1" But in
wide than at any time since the movement began the stress of invasion, whe~e the homes of the workto grow on the Pacific Coast. This i·s not by aid ers, their wives and children in jeopardy, Socialist
of the state management, but in spite of its piffling of America ·would find themselves in the- same attitude as Socialists of Belgium and France.
and childish methods.
Capitalism produces the burglar; but does not
The Llano del Rio Colony, with its 700. members,
is pt·oud ·(}f th e fact that its foundet' is a man who p1·event the worker f rom defending his family and
has spent a long life in the service of the Socialist his possessions. Our much criticised, scientific
:\fovement. The community is glad that its mem- analysis, and our interpretation of motives do not
J.r rship is solidly Socialists. It is proud of the won- prevent us from being human. It may be true that
7
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The Western Comrade
8
t
the so-l'all cd <Janger of invasion is a nightmare of
j ingo imagination, but thnt is beside the qu esti o~.
London 's answer· was correct. \~' hat the Socialists aim to do anrl what tllry must do is to so educate
thr wor·kers of all f•ountri es to the point where there
can lw no invasion ; and ~'· h e re th er·c 1s no invasion
tllt·r<! ean he no · war.
+ + +
C
L~:VELA.ND :\lo~ctt ~n writing a scnseh·ss serial
lor:\],.( hll'<' s, tllummates a du ll-drab page by
a happy seiPdion or a Soc ialist pl edge. 'J'II e article
purports to d<·sc·rih<! a war.· in 1922 during which
Am<·ri,·a is invadPd . No c·t·rdit is g i,·en to Kir·kpatric·k, hut tiiP writ<·r incli('ates l1is belief that
Americ·an Soc·ialists will not all h e reconcil ed to the
snppositious war. SPe wha t th e ,.,, aders of :\fcCinre's
:\1 a~azinP gc•t:
ferocious prayers for victory. For big manufacturers-busin ess profits. For 'Thou Shalt Not
KJll'-boisterous laughter . For Christ-contempt."
I saw that my companion was deeply moved.
"It's all true-what th.ey say, isn't it?" she murmured. .
·
•
" Yes, it's true, but-,-we can't chan'ge the world ,
we can't give up our country, our independence."
This is splendid propaganda, and .it will 'reach
myriad of th e desir:able ones, as not all McClure's
r eaders ar·r of the Bourgeoise.
P
+ + +
OR·K -a nd mor.·e pork! Los Angeles wants her
·
ha.ms and bacon- from the Na-t ional barrel. Th e
method is through th e old gag of establishin g a
n:~ ,·y. away ha ck up in t he mud flats. '!'h ere is no
r·eason in til (· world wh y l1os "\n gcle.s, which has
110 harbor, should not lHl\'e a lll1\..y yard at its
har·bor·.
\Ye r espettfull,v submit that Olll' hottom soil ,
and the hottom is n enr the top, in the inner h:~rb o r
is just as suitable for a na,·y yard as th e slimy
ooze that ·surrounds th e :\Iarc Islal1d institution
where no hatt lcship can C \' Ct' wend its way.
Our c ity council is reported as hfU!ir'l-g· -i--otecC
unanimously in favor:
a r esolution for th e establishment of t his navy y ard. ·w e a r·e for pod<, wh eth er
it is for a. Nigger S lough n:~ ,· al hase, or for· dred g in g
a navi gable channe l in :\Tcsea l Creek.
"It's some bi ~ coup th ey are planning for tonight." s he sa id. ··w e mu~t wait h e re.''
So we waited and. presently, along Wabash
avenu e, with crash in g bands and a roar of angry
voices. came an anti - militarist Socialist parade w ith
floats a nd banners presenting firebrand sentiments
that call ed forth jeer s and hisses from crowds a long
the sidewalks or again enthuEiastic ch eers from other
crowds of contrary mind .
"You see there's going to be trouble," trembl ed
th e girl, clutching my a rm. " Read that!"
A hu ge float was rolling past bearing· this pledge
in g reat r ed letters:
•
·
" ! refuse to kill your fathet·. J refuse to slay
your mother's son. I refu se to plunge a bayonet into
+ + +
the breast of your sweetheart's brother. J r efuse to
assassi nate you a nd then hide my stained fists in the
JIEY Hl'l! s .. tt in g thr sta~ l' aga in . ~ ewspape r~
folds of any flag. I r efuse to be flattered into hell's
arl' preparing the public l'or their daily . thrill
nightma re by a class of well - fed snobs. crooks and
het\Y N'n oats and rgg~
cowards who despise our
class socia lly. rob our
wh C'n they d etail horribl e
class econom ica ll y and be ads and dredl' of Dave
tray our class politicall y."
At this the hos tile
Caplan. T he cleputy discrowds roared their aptri Pt attorney, wh o attPnds
proval and di sapproval.
Also at another .float that
to th e huilding of hal'l'iers
paraded these words:
and setting 1he guards, has
"What is war?
For
working-class
wiv eslet it lea k t o th e• cour·t
heartache. F'or working housr r r portcrs t hat he f' X cla~s moth ers- lonE>liness.
For working- c:.tss chil peC'ts dange rous c har:~ r-te rs
dren - orphanage.
For
to <· rowd th e ('Ou r troom.
peace-defeat. For death
Some Day- When They Beat Th e ir Spears
- a harvest. For nation s
()f l'Olll';;e 1hl're will h r 110
Into
Pruning
Hooks
For bank ers- de bts.
effort tn c·1'ra te nn atmosbonds,
inter est.
For
phc·n·.
preachers on both sides- ·
of
T
�,.
. The W.-e stern Com·rade
•
Bl esstngs
0
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f I g n o .r _a n c e
ERSONS who read
B y EM AN U E L J H L IUS
This boy star ted to unlearn
what goes by the
too soon. This dramatic critic
name of criticism in t he newspapet·s and did something quite unprofessional.
He · began
magazines will certainly agree "~ith to study the drama, its history, its philosophy, its
Goldsmith that" error is ever talkative." technique. He read many plays ·and much good criticWhile it is true that a little knowledge ism. Instead of slamming Shaw, he began to discuss
is a risl;y tl~in g,_ it also is true that much Shaw 's philosophy. ".Androcles and the Lion," wh!m
·knowl edge JS still more dangerous.
produced by Granville Barker last winter, was revi~,ed
I have in mind a young man who got a job as dra- with something that approximated_intelligence. Emanllliltic editor on one of the afternopn papers. He was a uel Reichet· 's interpretation of Ibsen's "John Gabriel
uice c-hap, "·ith all th e ignonmce that one could gat]1er Borll:man" received sincere commenda.tion.
Lord
in a_small P ennsyh·ania city. H e was not a thinker, D~1sany's oile-act "Th~ Glitterinl Gate" was given
hut l1 e was a delightful dan cer . He was not a high- high p1·aise. And he held his job, too, which was conhro\\·, but he " ·as an expert on high-brow drinks.
sidered quite r emarkable.
AJtc1· six months of cub reporting in New York,
Then he went up to F-orty-secqnd street to see a
lit• sudd(•nly fo und himself in charge of the dramatic foolish war play-and he wrote a review that must
c·olu mn . lt l1appened t hat he knew nothing of the have embarrassed its author. "The White Feather,"
st ngc, of phtys, of acting. Little did he dream that it " The Fallen Idol," "Experience," "It Pays to Adlras h<'r·ause o[ his ignor:mce that he was given what vertise;" mid other typical Broadway productions were
nutny peop le considet· an important po~ition.
treated with passionate scorn. What was t he result?
H e was a luml \\·orkl't', however, and could ""rite I could put it gently by saying he was "requested to
·< ·olumns a day, wht>n necessary. 'l'his young man had r esign," or he was "let out." I won't. H e was fired.
a fe1y Yague ii11pressions. One ·was t hat Shaw was in- H e was bounced. He was canned. This boy had made
----;;lrl~ere. Anothct· was that Shaw is not a creator of a g1•eat mistake: He had tried to be intelligent, to show
pln~' S. hut a cl<~vct· writer of conversation. He ofteiJ some knowledge while working on an afternoon paper.
n·marbhle that " Shaw mistakes tall.-fo r drama." l<'t'L'- Not tl1at he was f ired for praising the good. No; even
qllent ly. he referred to Shaw as "the· inimitabl e. , .
that can he· endured. 'l'he trouble with young men is
l n ot h(·t· words, he had all the requisites of a . wTiter that wh en they enthuse over th e meritorious there is
ol' drnmatic r cvie11·s. And he made good. By con- dan ger that they will frown on the mcritricious. 'l'he
~ist entl~r ridiculing th e good and praising the bad , he
managers, the press agents, the advertising men-all
got himsc·lf a r eputation.
Ibsen was p essimistic. poured down one fine aften10on and demanded the
Strindhcrg- was mi santhropic. Hauptmann was dr. young man 's -discharge. He was told that he wasn't
p res~i11g. ;\I aeterlinck was not a clear thinker. Brieux
consti;uctive. "Destructive critisicm has had its day !"
w.as a propagandist. Gorki lack ed hu mor. Andreycv he was informed .
was sanlonic. And so on, ;,,·ith many ctcetras. On the
'J'hr moral, of com·se, is obvious-lmowl~dge is a
oth er hand. Charles Kl ein ,\·as a thinker who possessed dangerous thin g. Had that youth r emained ignorm1t
the dramatic instin ct. George Cohan would someday and continued to lool{ on mediocre persons as the great
write th e great American play. Margaret Mayo was artists of the drama, he would not have b n separated
a great humorist who could hand Rabclais cards and from a good-paying position. Knowledge is a dis-.
spades. Charles Rann Kennedy was a profound philo- tressin g thing. It is not easy fo r an intelligent p erson
sopht:r. B elasco was a superman . And so on, with to write; but ignorance, as alt:eady mentioned, is talkIIJ.any ct cPtras.
ative-and gets t he bacon.
This fasc.inatit~a youth had a genius for being
·w hen a man has a desire for facts, h e is hampered,
\\Tong. Being ver,Y busy and ahyays hopping about- t hus making it difficult for him to keep the pace. "He
now at th e th eatet·, ww at the office- be had no time that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow," we
to think- which wa a fortunate thing. But, youth is learn from tl)e Book of Ecclesiastes. This takes on a
•·JTatic- and will al vays do strange things-and this n ew meaning when applied hy my young friend who
.nmth ·was no ex ception. Shelley, somewhere ·.in his made good as a dramatic critic because he was delightLetters, ·says "that all of us, who are worth any:thing, fully ignorant and lost ·out when he became interested
"pend our manhood in unlearning the follies, or ex- in that truth w.}!ich, as Berkeley exclaimed, is the cry
piating th e mistakes of our youth.'"
of all, but the gatnc of few. Truth is a torch, but I must
�10
The Western Comrade
not fail to add that a torch can burn one's fingers. he could devise. It is an exquisite piece of painting,
but if you look at it_long enough to get into its -a tmosMen write best who know least.
''A man,'' Schopenhauer tells us in his Counsels phere I think you will be glad to escape from its inand Maxims, ''must be still a greenhorn in the ways of fluence." Is that not a feast of piffle t
the world, if he imagines that he can make himself
Reporters are not supposed to be interested in
popular in society by exhibiting intelligence and dis- news. They must search for "features." A dog may
cernment. With the immense majority of people, such bite a ~an-possibly it will get two lines. A wise requalities excite hatred and resentment, which are porter takes that story, gives it a t\vist and has the
rendered all the harder to bear by the fact that people man retaliate by biting the dog-and it gets a column.
are obliged to suppress-even to themselves-the real The noted lover of animals, Miss Lind-af Hageby, was
reason of their anger."
interviewed by a number of New York reporters. She
It is very easy for the master minds !Jf the news- answered their que.s tions to the best of her ability, but
papers-dramatic, literary and art writers-to give iater claimed that the reporters paid little attention to
the impression that there is profound knowledge be- her answers. "Have dogs .souls?" she was asked. The
hind their vaporings. One of the best tricks is to re- woman said she believed they have souls; and here is
sort to names and titles-piling them on thick. For what the papers printed: "l\Iiss Lind-af Hagtlby says
mstance, let us suppose a reviewer is speaking of a kippered herrings have souls and warns the American
novel. Let me show, somewhat extravagantly, how he people not to eat them in case the herrings·• souls come
strings things out:
back to haunt people." All of which makes an un"Mr. Hum petty Klinkctty 's novel, which is after happy combination of poor English and a weak and
the manner of August ::ltringberg 's 'Confession of a wobbly lie.
Fool, ' at times suggests George l\Ioore 's 'Memoirs of
Only the other day, I met a woman -who writes
:\fy Dead Life ' and l\Iax Stirnet''s 'The Ego and His ''feature'' articles six times a week. She supplies a
Own.' For psychological insight, he ranks with Fyodor daily interview with the great and the near great. If
Dostoevsky. The characterization is equal to that of she works hard for about 20 years more, she may beGustave F'laubert in his justly famed 'Madame Bov- come as famous as Dorothy Dix. She is always on the
ary.' And yet, the simplicity of Turgenef's 'Smoke' is alert for copy and greets everyone with "What's startlthere. He has the humor (minus the vulgarisms ) of ing?"
an 0. Henry. In all, Mr. Humpetty Klinketty seems
"'Others;'" I averred, "ought . to make a good
to be a composite of Lafcadio Hearri, Mark Twain, article. Here is a magazine of interesting freaks-they
Benjamin De Casseres, Maxim Gorki, Victor Hugo, write the new verse-imagist stuff."
James Huneker, Maurice Maeterlinck, Geol:ge Gissing,
"I don't know a thing about i1r-o-"
Walt Whitman, Frederick Nietzsche, H~nry George,
"Tut!" I interrupted; "all the more reason why
Hichard Wagner, Karl Marx, Peter Kropotkin, Elisee you will write a readable story."
R.eelns, R.emy de Gourmont, · Emma Goldman and
''I will need to know something about it in order
Anthony Comstock."
to get through the introductory paragraphs.''
This trick never fails. R.esort to it three or four·
"Very little. Don't overtax yourself by studying
times and you get a reputation for being a critic of the subject."
profound knowledge and wide reading.
She agreed.
So much for the dramatic and literary critics. Now
''Facts do hamper me,'' said the woman.
a moment with the art critics. Readers will, of course,
She spent a long time studying her subject-oh, at
remember the awful h(;nv-do-you-do when the l\Iona least two hours, and wrote her story.
Lisa was discovered. We patient sufferers had to enWhen I met her again, she said:
dure an awful amount ·o f senseless piffle about Leonardo
"I didn't like my story. All the interesting things
da Vinci's picture. Really, Mona Lisa just bore~ me. • I had planned to say I found out, afterwards, to be
Her face, to me, is plainly stupid. To .think of all the untrue, so I had to stick to facts. If I hadn't spent so
years the painter spent in "getting" that smile! And much time on that story I 'd have done better work,
when he got it, lo and behold, wbat a smirk! And yet, even though a few would have thought it foolish. I
this woman has caused art critics to rid themselves of shall certainly profit by that mistake. In th e future
heaps of bunk. I sincerely believe the following by I shall place more reliance on my own ability."
Kane S. Smith, of the University of London, takes the
And there you are. We'll close the services with
bacon: "The painting is one of the most actively evil this little hymn_:
pictures ever painted, the embodiment of all evil the
"From ignorance our comfort flows;
painter could imagine put into the most attractive form
The only wretched are the wise.''
�u
The Western Comra.de -
T h e New "Sick Man" Soon W ill Follow H is Victims
)
- Drawn for the Westem Comrade by M. A. J{ ernpr
M
M
•
1
•
111
0
n a
•
1
Y GoJ! 'tis false, yes, every
B y" w 1 L By
thing I sec:
Tis false, my God, it dare. it cannot be.\ nd still, alas, l ]wow too well 'tis true,
These are but part of l!ll the souls I slew.
These arms. th ese legs, th e e skulls about me here,
These l'ripplcd forms and faces pale and sere.
These babies with littl e mouths agape for air ;
These girls who stroll the streets a public ware.
These all are but the fruits of my demands,
These ruins all arc the blightings of my bands.
For me and mine have each of these been slain,
That I might LIVE these all have died in pain..
The blood and marrow of each nerve and bone,
}:aeh .h eart throb, s'Orrow, agon)': and groan;
They all have gone to form my mighcy throne .
..
r e ' s
v
.
1
s
•
1
o n
But bosh- All this ·is nothing but
a d ream,
I, too, am par t of Life 's e'er gushing r;tream.
'Twas ever thus, and thur; 'twill ever be,
A thousand slaves that one at least be free.
Jf these must die then so it was decreed.
God's will be done-be it to sport or bleed.
'Tis -not for me to mourn or mope their lot,
• No more than they to envy what I've got.
Good God, be this all false, or be it true,
I leave it all; I le~ve it all to you.
[know but this, be things as e'er they may,
If one but robs enough he need not pay.
A way-such scenes I w"i.U henceforth decline;
Tl:tan.k God for what he does for me and mineWaiter- bring here another flask of wine.
H EA RD
�The Western Com-rade
12
J0
1t
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n g
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t h e
--====:tN editor's brain
•
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e s
fists, · ' "mollycod<:}les, " . or
B y ED MUN D R. BR UM BA U GH
is an amazing
any other name that reacorgan. It may be the source of much tionary' malice
devise, the active, real peace-loving
wisdom, a t eacher of truth unparalleled, people of the nation propos.e to persist in their propa.
and again it may be a queer, distorted, ganda until men who dare to speak for war· or the
helpless thing, p erforming antics enough m eans of war will be univer·sally r egarded as the
to make men and angels weep and laugh mental prostitutes that they are, and those who don
by tul'lls. The latter sad sjate is illus- military uniforms and offer tllemselves for mUL·det·
trated by a r ecent ed itorial in Senator Hitchcock 's in the name of patriotism will be considered the scum
Omaha 'W orld-llcrald.
o[ the earth, unde"erviug of a sociation \vi th decent,
Aceonl ing to the ed ii orial in fJ.\l Cstion, ideas and not intelligent people.
fii'IIJ<IIltPills arc the t·IIIISP of war. 'l'hc tr·oublc is in the
The \Yorl\ing, produ c·iug masses have no real inlllinds or tht• ]li'Opl r . ThPt'ri"Ore, thf' pr ruieious propa- t<·rest in war except to ],ccp out of it, a 1d no iutPt'Cst
ga nda Of !lit! " pat·ifists' ' lllllSt t'C'I!Sl', antl l'\'t•r_,. tnan Ill prepamtiou for· war r.xccpt to oppose it aml preyent it if possibl e. ]n the first plact•,
throw up his hat for " prcparcdJJess, .. \\'lt i lc 1lit• la;l it·s wa \ 'C thei ,.
this couutr~· is uo more in danger of
hHndkPt't•hids.
itwasion than it is of a collision with
()j" (·OUr~t· , ] ha\'t' takl'll ('OilSidllalle,v 's l'Oil11't. Fnl'thrnnore, tlw
l'l'i!ldt• Jiuc•t·f_v with tJH• Janguag-r of
largr part of the people. \\·nnl<l losl'
tit•· t·ditorial. Inti in no parti .. nlat· has
\'l' t'.'' Ji ttll· if somr othl'r m1tion
its lll!':Jnlllg IJP('Il JlliSI'l'jli'CSl'l1fCtl.
wou ld t·OJilt' o\·t· r a nd swallow us up.
The l'llitorial was t•\·idt·n!ly intcndr1l
lt ntakrs no tlifl'et'l' llt·c to thc·m whnt
E holds all equal:
piece or hunting Hoats o,·pr theit·
as an ans\\·t·r to argum ent s of tlt e
Truth , raw matt·.. pa e: ifists," yet it was no answer.
heads
ot· ·1 rhat the hand ph1 ~·s on the
ri al;
ldt·as arc all-importa ut as makers of
Fourth
of: .Jnl ~-. Flags a t·r no snhstiI: cason, a tool ;
War, insani t.v;
tnte fo r food, and patriotic songs fail
good ot· evi l ; the most ard eJ'lt "paci( 'rinw, an pfl'ect :
fist." will admit that ; and , in fad,
to n·mon' for a f ra c·ti on of a srC'onLl
Ignora nt·P, eradic·a hit•;
1he enti r r prat·f! propaganda · is conthe st in g and blight of thr povr t·ty
llun grr, unnecessary ;
to wh if·h t hP mas.·rs arc doomrd
ductPtl with a vi ew to counte racting
\\'ealth, an rxc· t:escner;
th e subtile, ingenious, extt·cmely
l'\'l'l',V day or th eit• li\·es. In this
ll ralt h, natund;
Art. expression ;
stagt· of' th r world ·s d c\'!• lopment a
false ideas with whi ch professed
Culture, fr uition ;
p eal'r-loving militarists arc poisoning
t·Otllltr.v that c·annot keep out of wat·
lmhor, rrCJuisitc;
is unfit to san'.
tltr minds of the peoph•.
Co-oprration, the way;
1t wet·r a wastr of tim e to argue
Th e triumph of p eace is fii.ll'e, hut
];ove, paramount.
it ma.v hr postpon ed, auri \\'a t· prl'wh ether id<'as ot· m·maments wer·r the
tPd<' it, P \ 'P II in on!' own land. 1f it
t·aHse of wa I '. Jf A puts stt·ychnin c
doPs, and the wo rl<ers are forced to
in B's soup, and B dies, wha t causes
B 's d eath 1 Js it the stryehninr in the soup or thP mur- fight, tltost• ,,·Jw at·e wise will tum their· guns against
d rrous intrnt in the mind c,f' A . Obviously, n i'ith er is tlw f·Orl'llptrt·s of puhlie sentiment i nstead of against
t Itt• sole eausr. Both m·r <·ontt·ibuting fa.cto t·s. ] n t hr th<·it· hroth cr workrt·s '"" o ha \·r accidently hecn hom
sa me wa~·, if 1m i vrt·sa I m ised ucation leads to i nert;ased ac ross an imagimHy boundary line.
1'hc jingoes ·will squirm if th ey dtance to r ead this.
armaments, and inerca. ed armam ents lead to war, as
t hry always do, wh11t is the cause of t he war 1 It is Romr I lmow " ·ould he jolted into hysterics. But joltmisl'tlt!cation ot· incr eased annaments ? Obviously, i ng the jingoes these clays is a Yery pleasant oceupallt'ithrr is th e sole eausr. Both arc contributing fac- t ion. It is onl,v a small part of " -hat is coming to
tot·s.
them.
ln this day of awakrning no sane person would
This is uo time for jingoes to smile and sueer at t he
opposition. 'l'hry l1ad better · be preparing to sur- dream of tryi11g to inrite war and to pursuade workJ'cnder g racefully. Their position is as hideous as the PI'S of one land to join in collective, whol esale murd er
hPII it would make. and earnest, enlightened public of othrr w01·kers. These truths are finding 1n·eater
opinion will n ever tol erate it. Wh r thcr dubbed "pilei- aereptance· a~ong the wo1·kci·s each day.
~
·may
~
·•
The Man Without
a Country
H
�1&
Large Trac·tor "Railing" Land.
This Crew of Two Clear Fifteen Acres a Day by This M thod
Through Eyes of Tomorrow
-=~~~!!!;~HE
mi1l-fol'enoon ?lfay By ERNEST
sun shon e with au
tu·uor that make even native Californians
seek the Sb.Apows, and it glistened from
the solid sa!Jdstonc and granite sides of
the gr·eat clustet· of buildings of the
ni' ersal Un iversity with dazzling
hrightne . 1t wa the year 1965.
. (commonly called the "Double Yo'll ') ocPll pi.•d a low promontor·y in a little sheltered cove that
••urldled up against the gaunt reaches of the snow•·npped SierTa ~fadr·es .in the extreme outhern part of
l h,, Antelope Valley.
tretching in three directions are
f,· rtilc fields and fruitful or hard , but there are many
who tell of day. wh n it was all a yu ca- tudded waste.
Ttt it inception the U. . wa ju t an advanced
lti~th school, teaching as be tit could the "higher educa11on." In 1917 it oecupied one tiny room. with just
~me i.n. truetor nnd J s Uum half a do·zen students.
li()W it gre\v till it b came U1e great t univel'i ity of
t h1' west i a t(}ry as u.nique and :refr bing as any
that ev•e r wait~d for 1ti.sfurian to Darr.ate. ~ mneh by
w·d<lent ~ d~sign lts coo;r:se was h.ap'Cd. 'Vben it
k l.'d ll()t y-et (lllitgrown its first . rngle room, tller.e eame
S. WOOSTER
one day a lusty you ng man. trudg.
iog on foot as l1c had lono fol'
many days. He came dema 11 ding that he br permitt d
to wor·k for his education . And h e would a c pt JJO
refusal as final nor did any r·ehu ff dnmpcn hif! ardor.•
or thwart his determination.
His success inspir d othcl'f;; within a ycnr· twenty
young men and women had appl icd and be n q_ccepted,
with scores of applications 011 fi le. Jt became a prob
lem requiring immediate solution. 1'hc problem Waf!
solved by establishing industries wl1ich employ d tb
students aL useful wor·k and paid their· xp nscfl with
something to spare. It was tlrc ouly school of this khul
in the world.
It must be mentioned her·e that the •. U. ~as first
established as an educational institution sol ely for the
youth of the LlaDG del Rio Colony, the pioneer of those
co-operative enterprises tJrat were the phcooJ'.I'I.CJltln of
the decade from 1920 to 1930 and whieb a.Uicd themselves under the name of The AsRociated Coloni.es dur~
ing the thirties and became a power in the politiclll
and mdustnal moventent.s .of this e..ountry f~l' many
year.s. Of course the U. U. lbee:ame tl1e :~;ourec ,o f tedtL-catioD. for tbe ambitious pcr:&olJls of aU the ooJonies, but
�14
T h e W es t e rn Comrade
this was not to happen for ten years after the system tions propounded by the in tructors in English brou h1
of admitting industrial students was introduced, and answers in Esperanto; its use came a naturally to th ll
after student-industries had become a part of the . U. young men and women as· English. Her remark wru .
providing work for alL
"I know not the year."
"The date is immaterial, ' resumed Prof. Warre11.
But on tbis particular invigorating moril.ing the
history classes were in session. Tbis was a- morning "We need not definitely say which year it wa . 'l'hi:>
study; in the afternoon _these students would be seen · point is not so important-history is con erned b~
in the various industries, though but a few hours amply epochs and events, not bounded by precise years. ·
sufficed to satisfy all needs. In the lectu~e room of
"It will be difficult for you to conceive of the apProf. \Varren, instructor in Economic History, a class palling· chaos of those times, even before the war beof young men and women listened with absorbed in- gan. While your motion picture history cour e has
t erest. Nor was it the forced attention simulated by shown you the people of the times, their way of livinO',
elasscs of a generation previous in schools throughout etc., yet you can not get the psychology of it all by
th e world. And neither were the attentive stu- means of films. Imagine each little independent nat ion
d r~ n1 s of that type formerly -associated with stu- with its army, its president or potentates, its law-mal;d iousn<·ss - th e pale, spectacled anemic speci- ing bodies, its functionaries of all kinds, but mo t of
mf•JJs wl10 shut th emselves off from all . bl.1t them useless. Each country was a world unto itself;
s1udv. P1·of. ·warren had the physique of an it eared nothing for the rest of the Earth xcept to
;dld~·ti e director, while the 'young men and women profit from it in some manner. Nationalism was taugl1t
might have heen chosen for physical perfection. _This instead of patriotism as you know it. Of cour e, y ou
physir·al perfection was due to the system of the U. U. can look back now and say, ' How absurd not to haw
l'ir·st <'stahlish ed with th e Montessori school in 1915. a world senate,' but it must be r emembered that ind ividualis)D. was the trait that ruled the · actions and
Th e instructor was speal<ing.
'' \Ve now tal<e up the most interesting develop- thoughts of our grandfathers. Co-operation was tlw
ln<'ll1s of the Commercial period. Y~u remember how dream food of cranks; practical men dominated.
1ht· wa ge sys1.l·m SIIJll'rseded the slave and self ·system.
''So enamored of this theory were they, so ego:\'ow it, 1oo, beg-an to present acute problems, and tistical, so cocl<sure, that th e most significant in idcnts
l'aJ·Iy in the present century they began to be more made not the slightest dent in th eir self-esteem. Thi ~
or less generally r ecognized, though but few persons is ·best illustrated by the awakening of China. After
were able to tmec them from cause to effect. Clearly lying dormant for centuries, outstripped by the upCapitalism was breaking down and radical measures start nations of the west, it had, almost at a bound,
w re necessary to save it. You recall that we have al- leaped from a despotic government to that of a repubJ'eady learned how this became one of the ever-menac- lic. China seemed to have gathered strength from this
ing problems and. how it
thousand-year nap and th
stored-up energy of her
rrachrd its first generally
people · transformed h e r
•riticnl stage in l 914 ,,·hen
from a slumberland to a
1hc first world war brvke
out. Po ibly many of you
land teeming with activity
enn remember when the
and industry. It's half-bilPeace Pact was signed.''
lion people made the chrysalis en\<'rge a great giant
"Mi ne scia la jaron, "
resourcefuln cs~;
w h os c
p 1, a youthful tudent.
amazed t.he world.
he u ed the univer al
" But this happened
tongue, E pcranto. This
had be n a feature of the
mostly while the EuroptaJJ
Colony chool Yerywhere
nations were slaughter ing
t heir best men, and when
from the very first, and
wn u ually preferred by
they had adjusted their
the younger people bequarrels after t wenty mileau of the .,.reater lucidlion men were killed, China
ity with which ideas were
was a new men ace. Fole:tpr ed · it was a ort of
lowing in the path of com
horthand of langua.,.e 1 to
mercial enterprise hewed
A Colony Surveying Crew at Work
th~m..
Frequently queby the western world, for
-·-=------...;•;.__________. .,. ____. . :
�The W es tern Comrade
eign trade became the
C h in e s e ambition and
Chinese- marked goods
were to be seen in every
market; the Chinese flag
was in every port.
''Now this was one of
the most potent factors in
healing the hates engendered by the war. 'fhe spectre
of the Yell ow man haunted
them all. G€rman tolerated
Briton, Frenchman planned
with Austria, Russian conversed with Bulgar. The
common danger was a
bludgeon forcing them together·. The Chinese flag
followed Chinese goods;
An Irrigation Ditch
the C h in e s e army ,\•as
drilled to protcd th e Chin<'se tlag. Though at l'irst domiuatcd by the Japanesr,
1hc Chinese soon shook loose and took the initiative.
Th e idea of au Oriental Confederacy grew- India, ~iam,
.Japan, the Philippines-"·ith China the whip hand.
This was the first form of the new Asiatic association.
Soon envious eyes were cast on Siberia, and it became
Russia's constant dread that a new "scourge of God"
should lead a Yellow Horde from the East.
"All Europe felt this fear of the new~ born East.
Russia, Germany, France, England, Italy, Austria, the
Balkans- impotent alone, mutually jealous, each hiding
her weakness-forgot their grievances in the face of
this hideous wraith and hurried to form the Union of
Europe. No nation could long remain neutral. Turkey
and. Egypt joined with Persia in the short-lived Asiatic
E.ntente, but it soon broke up, with Egypt a member
of the Union of Europe and the others aligning themselves with the East.
"Even before this, fear had begun to gnaw at the
Americas. Brazil had become a competitor of the
United States. During the war Canada had entered
largely into the world's trade, and the Dominion was
being exploited as a commerCial nation.' Mexico had
become an export country. But their jealousy of one
another was overshadowed by fear of the Orient. Out
of this timorousness grew the Pan-American Union,
taking in the Western Hemisphere.
"Australia and New Zealand, with Africa, joined
the Union of Europe. The latter became the joint
property of all the nations of this combination.
"Now the growth of the . Oriental Confederation
must necessarily lead to certain sequences. Applying
the law of evolution, which you know so well, it meant
16
that an aggressive move
would be made to capture
the world's markets,backing
this up with army and navy.
It means that Europe must
arm again, and this time
on a vaster scale; as teacher for the East she had but
herself to blame that the
lesson had been so well ·
learned.
'' In the United States
whether to arm or not to
arm became the all-absorbing question.
'l'he Pacifists had grown in
strength, drawing lessons
from the European conflict. But, on the other
Near the Townsite
h a u d t It e Preparedists
pointed out that it was an
age when war was almost unavoidable, and must, therefore, be prepared for.
"Now again I must direct your attention to the
Profiteers who ruled every nation, Many were kindhearted men who abhorred war, yet they were foremost in competing for foreign trade; they stole the
markets of the fighting nations of Europe, thus treading the road that led directly to trouble. In the election
of 1916 the question was fought along the lines of
Shall We Prepare 1 Being better organized and with
a greater incentive-here again you will note the working of the law of Economic Determinism-the PrePreparedists were able to win, and the neucleus of the
Pan-American Armada was established.
''Note that the seeds of war were sown side by side
with the seeds of peace. The worn-out nations of Europe had learned their bitter lesson. They were ready
for lasting peace. But with the three great World Associations formed . to compete for trade it meant that
war must eventually ensue; such gigantic preparations
could not be left idle long. The world lay divided into
three armed camps, and the best energies of all were
turned to the building of newer and more hideous
death-dealing devices. Huge fortunes were constantly
offered as prizes to stimulate inventive genius. The
ingenuity of the greatest constructive minds were,
grimly enough, turned to building destructive engines.
But before dismissing you I want to pmnhasize this
point: While it was an age of individualism, the cooperative spirit was already infiltrating everywhere.
Yet the people of those · days failed to see it ; it
was another significant phase of the Evolution they so
little understood, and refused to heed."
�.,...
.
i
'
�be abandoned
�~-~~;-'
.-- -....____--.
< '
The Western Comrade
,:
18
~
Plowing Lines for Tree Planting
r:l=\=
, ~..'!!!!!'!!!!
·~~a~~ TALWAR1'
tho Llano
del R;n
Colony arc wockm
showing at
greater
activity,
enthusiasm and hope than -ever before
since the inception of the enterprise. Attacks on us by capitalist neWBpapers and
.
disturbers have drawn the comrades
closer together and their solidarity
makes for still better co-operation.
Everybody has a shoulder to the wheel of progress.
The colonists laugh through assembly meetings and
there has been no bickerings of late. Men and women
are singing at their work. With the spirit that prevails
there is nothing that can prevent the colony making
unbounded success.
The splendid showing in the annual financial report has put heart into the weakest. Letters of encouragement and appreciation come from absent members all over the country. The progress of the enterprise in all departments is at the highest mark.
The spring planting season is here. Preparations
are being made and work is being done to take advantage of the season's call. Every one here realizes
that in order to make Llano grow and the desert to
bloom as the rose, a vast amount of labor must be expended.
The weather has been unusually mild for the past
three weeks, or practically since the first of February.
Indeed, it is hard to realize that it is winter. The days
•
En t h ustasm
have been warm and the nights By R. K.
pleasantly cool and so propitious
has been the weather that vegetation has begun to
bud and carpet the hills and valleys hereabout. The
big tractor is steadily clearing land.
The caterpiller engine has been doing yeoman service almost twenty-four hours of the day. During the
day leveling and clearing the land has been going on
and when the night falls plows are put behind it and
work is continued throughout the night with three
shifts of men. It is surprising wlh~t enormous amount
of work this little thing will do, which, by the way, is
a 30-horsepow'er affair. It does the work of at least
twelve horses ~and has the advantage of consuming
nothing when standing still. Its diet consists mainly
of distillate and oil.
The plow:ing and leveling on the Hubbard place,
which is south of the ditch, is almost completed. But
little remains to be done to make it ready for seeding.
Seeding has been going on for some time and that
work will be continued until the whole of the land
lying between the upper and lower ditches is one solid
mass of alfalfa and barley.
One hundred and sixty acres is now being prepared
under di rection of 0. W. Luton , of the agricultural de-
�Tke Western Comrade
19
Digging Holes for Pear Orchard
R u 1 e s L 1 an o
WILLIAMS
partment, just back of the !J'ighlman ranch and north of the low'e r
ditch. This will he put into barley and alfalfa. This
piece of laud is wry ncar the intal' e and irrigation,
therefore, w:ill be Ycry easy.
To the north of the land in question, P. A. Knobbs,
of the garden department, is plowing and preparing
for a big garden. lt is not quite certain just how many
acres at this time, but the land being worked. on now
is fu lly forty acres, Th e !ora tion of the gardeH tract
is in a most favored locality,
The high line ditch, mea ning that a new surYey
has been made in order to see how far up the hillside,
hack of the permanent townsite the water can be carried, is being widened at the bottom to five. feet. 'I' he
upper and lower ditches ,,•ill prove quite an advantage
as can be seen at a glance.
Organization is better than ever before. There is
less confu ion and the managers' meetings, which are
held nightly, are being solidly attended and much intere t i manifested. Twenty-five managers and foremen take seats about the long table in the new office
huilding, and the room is already grown too smalL At
lea t 75 to 100 interested onlooker.s attend the meet~
in...,s to ee how things are being done and what is in
prospect. Complete order prevails and the session is
over in an hour or less and the notes made by the
stenographer graphically tell th e story of the doings
day by day on the ranch.
It may be interesting to know that the managers'
meeting of the Llano farm is unique in a way. Every
successful organization in the country has adopted and
is using some such method of k eeping its men in touch
with the affairs of the ranch, work is arranged, teams
apportioned, men assigned and machinery disposed of
for the next day's work. All matters pertaining to the
ranch is brought up at these meetings and usually settled very quickly. The thing that is unusual is the
fact that it is not a parliamentary body, no motions
being made, hence nothing to r cconsidh and no red
tape to dispense with. E very day sees the utilit]i of
the managers' meeting and as the days go by its effectiveness will grow.
Llano is now connected with t he outside world by
telephone. F. 0. Harper is completin g arrangements to
conn ect by phones the dairy, horse corral and the
Tighlman ranch. Much tJ·avcl about the ranch has been
eliminated and r~os Angeles is but a minute away now.
· For the week ending February ]9, Copley's poultry
department turned into the eommiRsary 128 dozen
eggs. The work of enlarging the chicken ranch is
under way.
Five thousand holes have been dug under Horti-
�2Q
T k e W es't ern C o.m:ra de
culturist· ·Dawsorr ·on · the east quarter section. The
work of hole digging will soon be over, and the work
of inserting the trees sta'rted.
Joseph Bowers of the dairy department reports for
the week ending Feb. 19, that he is receiving 135 gallons of milk daily and that ther e is no sickness in the
hhd.
, C. H. Scott of the building department reports that
work has started on the industrial building at the
new town site. Materials are being hauled there now.
Tir e roof on the laundry building is completed. Mu ch
repair wor·k has been done by this department during
the past three weeks. Work has been caught up and
from now on efforts will be ·directed ·on t"4~ new ,townsit<', which is located about two m iles from the present
site of Llano.
Tile hog department has gro"·n somewhat and no\v
rnorr t han twenty pens arc availabl e for the little and
hi~ porkers.
Tann in g is regularly going fo l'\rard and the leather
turned out is or cxc~cptio nal quality. All rabbit hides
ar• ~ being tanned now arH1 til e finish ed product is as
pli;rhlc as elotli. A good quality of razor· strops arc
i>f'ing- mad e at tile tannpr·,v. One hundred and seYcntysix rahhit hides \H'l'C turn ed into the tann ery last
\\'l't'l;. The tann r· r,v is proYiding all th e leathct· used
at th e JH~ \1' shoe shop anJ the· harn ess shop.
Hay l'roehstc·l, t he·surH,\' Or, is continuing \\·ork on
th e townsite and has two bloeks \drolly completed, as
well as t he new inuush·ia l site. It won't be long now
until a substantial bui ld ing will command a· view of
the great valley to the north . Arehitect Wi iliam Braun
is busily engaged in making. dmwings f~r the city
and he has completed do~ ens of different designs for
t he i"ntm·iors of t hr. new homes. The lines he has so
far drawn a re very beautiful.
A drying house has been constructed at the l>ricl<ya rd and only ·the roof is lacking to have the brickmaking machines busy at work. \\' hen the covcl'in g is
made weather will have no effect on t he brick industry.
Enrling ]<'cbruary HJ, the rahbitry turned in some
· interesting· figures. There were weaned 168 rabbits;
64 litters were born; 255 pounds of rabbits killed and
176 hides turned to t he tannery. Summer shades arc
being made for the corral and the land about the rabbitry is being fenced preparatory to planting vegetabl es for the rabbits.
The lime kiln at Bobs ·Gap is progressing well.
?.farch 1 will see the kiln in active ope-rati o~ and probably will be second to none as a burner of lime rock.
Lime is badly needed and as a matter of fact is the only
thing required to make work on the new townsite rush.
J. J. Leslie with a crew of two men and a tractor,
clellred 73 acr es of land last week and burned the
brush. This acreage has be~n railed twice.
F . J. Wright, the expert rug maker from Fresno,
has completed up to Feb. 19, seven rag rugs and one ·
burlap rug. He is using but one of his looms, as he
has not sufficient space. Much interest is being manifested by all the colonists as immediate r eturns from
rags can be seen. .As soon as the laundry building is
enlarged this manufactory will be placed therein and
greater efficien c-y will be shown.
'l'he managers of the various departments hand
weekly a r eport t o be r ead Sunday evenings, which
. proves of great interest. This innovation has proved
a success and now everyone that cares to hear and
know what has been done has this opportunity. 'l'hese
reports have opened the eyes of many p eople, as it is
impossible f~r one person to keep fully informed on
what is taking place at all . t imes over sucl"\ a vast
acreage. It takes quite a number of men to run the
ranch at Llano.
One of. the most delightful and instructive visits
that the writer had in a long time was to the :Montesorri school, conduct ed by Mrs. P rudence Stokes
Brown, with able assistants, r ecently. He happened in.
just as dinner was hein g sc!'ved and watched witlt
g reat interest t he littl e tots line up in Cafeteria style
for their portions. 1t \Yas amusing and pleasing to
see " ·ith what care they tiptoed to their scats at the
l ittle low tables anJ then sat back waiting for· · all to
he set·ved. 'fhirty-t hrec t: hildr·en of' t ender age ranged
themselves about the tables with as much or more
decorum than grown people. Th e way they helped
each other was truly a delight.
\\'ith all possibl e
. eou rt<•sy littl e boys helped littl e gi r·ls to this thing ot·
that and the solicituue shown was truiy affecting.
Not a loud ot· boisterous word was spol<en, and th e
table manners displayed by the little guests were amaziug. Th e tabl e was set and the chairs were arranged
l~y the children , and, too, without a word of instruction. Everything was in perfect order. Each plate
had th e cutlery .neatly laid beside ' it, with not t he
sl ightest Yariation in distance. 'fhe spoons in a box
wer·e all laid one within the other. The knives and
fo t·ks were arranged in the same manner by the children assigned to this work. Mrs. Brown said t hat childr en loved order ru.1d that g iven proper incentive they
wer e as dainty and as particular as the most fastidious
housewife.
Th e mothers and fathe rs of these children are proud
of this Montessori school. Children at·e being taught
manners, r elationship and social ethics ·that will be a
living standard and by the time they graduate from
this delightful home they will be re?.dy to take their
place in new envir onments with pe'r fect aplomb.
�The Western Comrade
21
Part of the Colony's Garden Ready for Planting
movement to emancipate suffering man- · they think a thing and learn to believe it. 1t does not
E J;ind hasbig had
to bear with persecutions, villifica- matter what the tr·uth is. They will act as quickly on
VEHY
tions and misrepresentations. This can j1e explained an untruth and be as earnest ab.out it as if they were
on two grounds: ignorance, which h<'grts intole1·ance, truly fo llowing on th e paths of rectitude, _One will
and on the patent thing cali rd :Economic Determinism . find people that take a man 's \\'Ord and then act ~s
A few wcPks ago the State Cor·poration Commis- though the man should not be investigated. Many
sio ner mad e a r eport, if not takrn from a disgruntled pcr·sons do not think fo r thcmsclv~. They are wait· nwmbcr, at least rchoed the sentiments once heard on in g for a leader and when that lead er. comes t hey . listen
the ftoot· of the Assembly hall. The r eport ·cau;;ccl attentively for awhile and thinking they ha1·e absorbed
all of the leader's thought, begin to form new cu It, a
~'H n c consternation in the hc•arts of people who arc
i'ricnrlly to the cooperative id ea and of this greatest 'new r eligion or a new' colony, as the ease may he.
There is one cs.>cntial difference between Llano and
or all cooperative efforts. Persons 11·ho were not able
th e r est of the world. In };lano a new psychology is
to discJ·iminate were stampeded.
Th er e was a gr eat deal in the report that was lit- in the making. People as a rule change twice and
\'rally true and that, of course, will not hurt anyone. later· a third time--sometimes wrong, most ly to the
'!'here was more than a generous amount of innuendo right way of thinking. To mal<c this clear, an example
n!' things gone wrong that indeed does put in an im - will he cited of a man, a seemingly sensible, capable,
pt·oper light the ti'Uc situation at l;lano. There is no mon ey-making man and a Socialist.
}"'ot· wcel{s and months this man dreamed of the
(>h.iPction to the financial situation of the colony bei ng
colony
at Llano d el Rio. He was living in the northem
111ade public. Th ere is no mystc1·y and neYer has heen
;thout this phase of the company. 1f a person did not part of the state of California. His business ·was good,
llnderstand, it was because he c1id not go to th e proper hut he had no heart in it. H e wantc(fqo get io
that "dream eity" and help lay the marble slahs and
place in which to find out.
(Continued on Page 21)
The principal difficulty with most people is that
�The Wes t ern Comr a de
22
M
0
n
t
e s s
VISIT to the Montessori
B y A.
school at Llano, California.
It had been raining for a w>eek or
more, and the roads were as bad as
desert roads can be, though that is not
bad at all from the point of view of a
dweller in a clay district; still as I
looked around the immaculate school
and watched the crowd of children trooping towards
1he doo r·, 1 :sighed ,~·ith a housekeeper''s prevision of
cl isastcr.
But the crowd was inter cepted and diverted; somcthillg happPncd at the hack door, and when they f iled
i11 fr·om that direction th e "real estate" had been
l'iiminatc,J, and each showed, as they passed, a clean
handkerchief. 1\'Jrpn school opened some of these
c-h ildren had not made acquaintance with that important arti,·IP. Jn those cases the handkerchiefs wer e lent
tlrr·m, hut · th ey must be brought to school clean each
rll onr in g. Ultimately they all acquired both the handkPrr·hiefs :urd the habit of using them.
On this day the usual routine had been altered.
Th e Guide to Wisdom had been absent ~ story telling
time, so the more c;tcrgctic l\iddics attacked the piled
tables a11cl benches and unpacki_ng them according to
some law which had prc,·iously h'ccn impressed upon
them, set them carefully in their places.' It wa·s delightful to sec very little tots studying the angle bctwcrn th e hcnch and the table with an ~ye to correct
nligmnr nt and an i11ncr conviction to its importance;
just the expression that I had seen on the face of an
artist stepping hack from· .his easel to get the effect
ot' th e whole.
'l'hcn some of thcm began taking off the chinb: covet·s which had been wrapped around the stands of
shelves on whi ch their toys were stored. These covet'S had hcen arljnstcd ca refully by them the night beforr. the angles laid smooth and pinned tight, and now
thP~' wl't'C to be t aken off in just the right way. It
took two children to handle the cloth, possibly 10x6,
and one hoy of six found hims-elf- alone and called a
eompanion to his aid. Billie's attention, however, was
attracted elsewher e, and seeing the child 's dilemma
an assistant Guide took a hand. But Billie, looking
ar·ouud suddenly, observed what was going on, and
took 1he r nd of the cloth from the assistant with digni1'ir d and J'cprrssed indignation. Was not this the
children 's house 1 IVere not they nlone responsible for
its management 1 ·w hat business had the assistant
Guide with his shelf cover? In so many movements the
t'PHson for which they had been trained to understand.
0
r
•
1
a n s
that dragging inconvenience had been r educed to a.ccu rates compac~ess, and put
in its p lace- like the.:.,; 9pide, who stood· back smiling.
By this time most of the childr en had provided
themselves with a toy. Sometimes half a dozen would
occupy t};lemselves with one engaging problem. They
would even let a Guide play it with them, discovering
thus many strange things. I sat down by a boy who
had a box of cylinders he was ponderiJ.g over. H e
took one up solemnly and demonstrated to me that
it had something which might have been sand inside.
"Soft,'' he said. Then he shook another cy Iinder: it
sounded like small stones. "Loud," h e :;aiel. It was
a t est of hearing. He was going to try to put them
in t he box in the order of their gradation of sound. The
variation I soon discover ed was quite minute.
But the Guide to ·wisdom was beckoning me, "Just
sec how beautifully Cecil plays this game," she said.
I sat down by Cecil. He had a frame with two piece of cloth tacked to it, each of which had six strings attached to its edge; the game being to tie six bows,
right. Ah! there was the rub. Can you tell me out of
hand how many motions are involved in tying a bow 1
Cecil knows.
Bu there was a mot·c inter esting feature to this
case. No child in this, his own house, is obliged to do
anything. H e just falls naturally into doing. something
because there are so many inter esting things to do.
But Cecil had stood around idle and aimless for three
months. With all the others busy ar<lund him he alone
had stood aloof. until this toy had claimed him for its
0\\'11. The day before he had tied those bows steadily
for two hours. Today he appeared inclined to repeat
the feat. H e had learn ed to do one thing perfectly ;
ho"· entrancing! Soon he would mal\e new conquests.
I had to go away for a little while. When I came
hal'k the table had been set, still by the children. One
little tot was filling all the glasses with water. The
pitcher was small, but still he had to hold it with both
hands, and he was filling each glassjust full enough,
not too full, and not a drop fell on the table. In the
kitchen four babies were standing on a bench by the
tahle (their heads would have been about on a level
with it if they had been on the floor), buttering toast.
which other tots were toasting on the stove. It took
a great rleal of toast for t\Ycnty or thirty children, but
they did it all themselves.
Th er e are great things planned for the Llano
schools, but it is not difficult to have faith in their
r ealization after ewn a brief investigation of thi
Grrnt Brginning.
C. A.
,
.
'1(,
�The Wester n Comrade
0 n
B
•
1
g
Ro c k
c
r e e k
..,
..~-~
-·
This stream. which is th e
main source of supply for th e
Llano del Rio Community,
r eaches torre ntial proportions
during the winter months. It
is the plan to conserve all
this imme nse run off and use
it to irrigate additional vast
tracts of th e colony lands.
Big Rock Canyon Is ever
popular with the colonists
and many impor mptu picnics are enjoyed by them.
�24
Tke Western Comrade
L 1 a n
0
M u s
U(>, brave hearts
B y JOHN
of the Llano, and fear
not though the storms of the de ert bake
you r t1·nts, or the ignorance of the m~ll==::==:r;r:~l tal ly milmourished cause you discomfort
or if rwtty tyranny by a more p etty officia! l'ndt•avors to destroy ~ou-for you
shall win!
tio ns, t:alumnies, criticisms anjl opposition
ar·l· pOWPrlrss in I he face of loyal co-operative effort.
Tht· Rn•·•·t· ltlld th .. ,.,·i ticism of the vicious, and the
ii{IHJJ'IIIlf without 1111d within your ranks will str ength•·tt yotn· I' <'SOI\'e to sw·•·1·ed. Jt " ' ill act as fuel for the
l'it·t· of you l' idPal.
I r r·o-opPr·at ion is \\Tong in principl e, you will fail;
a rrr1 ilH· hf'ttpr· you •·o-opcntl e the quicker you will fall.
Hut if it is I'iglt t, th••Jt t he storms w'ill only cull out the
•·lt~tff :illd t·•·veal tiH· r eal a nd golden g rain. This is
tnJC in every wall< of li fe; in art, in politics, .i n science.
Evt·r,v new idra will rouse against itself an inevitable
SfOI'III of Opposit ion hy those who Hl'C Ul11lCL'UStOmed Or
tlltadapl cd to such a rH•w id ea. Bruno, Voltaire, ,Galileo,
Paiur, Jng-!•rsoll nnd l\Tat•x, all gr eat minds in scien ce
lltitl philosophy, haY(' ha1l the Ycnomous arrows of _ignot·anvc and bigotry drin·n at thei r lt ea t'ts hy those vvh o
in log it• onght to lta\'C bern ' th rir friends: \Ve must
t'Xpl'rL to gl•t it ft·om within as well as from without.
Bu t tltnf. wltit·lt !'Omes f r·om within is t ire more painfttl an<l hitt er. Rtill \\'0 must eject it f rom our system
if' Wt' would be wt>ll. Against that whi ch assails us
t'rour with out \\·e ra n he on our· gua t·d. The collecti ,·ity
must 1kll'lld itse][ against all foes.
Thr prohl m of the J;]ano i and will be JWimaril~·
a pt·ohiPm of eollc\:ti \·p pt·odtH:tion for co ll ectin~ usl'.
To do that we n ePrl eoll ectiYP, .harmonious action be(•a use npon "the h armonious actFii1 oCthe individuals in
thP organization depends t~ . efficiency of the work ;
and upon th e _fficienqy,.,,,~ith which tlre work is done
dl'JWllds the r e 'wt' . AU:' that is needed. is... men and
\I'Olll\'ll , who ar inter t d -in eau ing.their enterpri e
to grow at~ll den~lop a +a ource of co~unal
wealth.
.....
Ami l110d' wl1o want to make it anytl:tng el e than a ,.
OliN' •' of Wt•alth and comfort are· e~ina spooks.
l.lano I!\ run by the li,·ing and for the living, and
1dwn tlw dead arrive we wiH find th.em a restin~
pint'<'. \Ye earl' not whether a man wo1:5hips the
ghMt: l'f the pa t or of the future. W e are neither a
~hurx•h or· a . eanec room. W e only band toaetber to
prodtll'e and <'njoy mnterial thin., in a material world.
in n material way, a nd you can ha,·e your pir:i in a
\Iotti'!'. in the y or in a rabinet.• o long a t hey d o
~
•
1
g s
n
not interfe1 with your efficient e operation while you are ()11 the job.
We. are organized for n eful deed not to advance
certain creed . There are people who e mind are so
m.etapJ1y ical that they will Jiye on faith six h011rs
~etween each ineal, but at meal time the. are on em·th
fou t.· ·quare.
ow I have no qm1rrel wi th tlwit· nH't aphysics, b ecau e 'meta' man ·'beyon d," "phy ie,''
we all under tand, and when w e ar\l beyond that, <>cuet·ally speaking, "·e are quit u le to our h-e and
everyone else.
Llano is not a dream world of .fa iry ros ganlcus and
Arcadian ideals. It is a job of r eclaiming thr l\lojan•
deset·t and making it a fit habitation. 'l'he l\Iojavo is
real. The job is r eal, and r equires Joyal r ed blooded
co-operators to raise it to its hi ahe t possibiliti s, lllHl
we ha,·e· t hem ; great, noble, wholeh arted oul with
faith iu the land and each other. 'l'h es are tit • brnr rs
of the new ideal and idea to combin e their small resources into a corporation for mutual b(•nefit. 'l'hey
WiJl SUCCeed though t hey have to f ight
thO for ces OJ'
ignorant scepticism from without and all t h e ·himct·i al
idealism from within: The r ealists fa ce r o11 lity in 11
r eal way, meeting conditions in a practical wuy, and
sticking with determil1ed energy to the com:s th ey
haYe chosen. They will r eap a r ewat·d of 1 lenty and
p eace, and that at no distant day.
To plow and to so\\·, to reap and to mow, to qu ary
and to built], to eat and to dr·ess, to lau gh and to Bing,
to learn and to love; all this is being don e mor·o .fully'
as the clays go hy.
Dors not th e Socialist part y aim at all th ,., things?
Yt•s. on a grrater an~] granllt-t' scalr.
Socialism is;
hn ilding the gr·eat trmplc of hum anity in whi h HOlnt'
day thP race shal l dwPII. But while tlt r temple is heiug
bu ilded why should we sit naked undct· the star·s; when
we can org11uize \\·ith our comrades and Jmi ld a holllll'
a nd ha\'c our nl'eds supplied ? J,Jano c·arei! for· I h • uow;
ocialism hnilds for the morrow.
The fact is that many p eople ar c not adaptable to
anything n ew. They tray upon the stage of lif.e tmf·
fering mental photophobia. They fear tlt c light, hcnee
they endeavor to stay in darkner;;s. 'J'her;;e eanJJot lw
. an•d and. like an inflamed ,·ermifonn a ppendix, mu~;t
he l'liminated or thf'y destroy the body. This lH erurl
a. .Jaweh. hut needful as l>rt•ad.
The e people are not bad: th£'~' are o(ten very ~;in·
eer('. Rut ineerily mean· little. Xo one c\·er di1;.
put . the im~erit~- of a rattle snakl.'- mlly do not get
friendly with him on that ac(·ount. Sineerity is fim>
DEQ UER
aJI
(Continued on Page 31)
�The Western Comrade
w
e d d
t:;~";!!:::==;t T
•
1
n
g
25
B e 1 1 s
is tlH' custom in
By CLARA R. CUSHMAN she had gone onu- th.e bed with a
Millville to prefix
rake, she sat down in the pring
the names of the married ladies with the snnsh.ine on the warm, moist sod to r a,d the directions
occupations of their r espective husbands. on the paper packets of vegetable seeds. ~It·s. o ialist
~h,s. Judge T . M. Parker, whose husband Bricklayer Barnes might knoW' how the little reptile
is .Justice of the P eace, city und et·taker, of her recent experience happened to be her steenth
statione1· and furnitu1·e dealer, once ex- cousin; she might know something of how world bodies
plained it in this way:
met, united and propagated; and why, when a labor r
"When you say ~\f rs. ::\fartin, or Mrs. Perki11s, or has '~orked foux hours he ougl1t to b girl lookin.,. for
)frs. Hawkins, OJ' ;\'f,·s. Barnes, you ·don't tell much; his hat and coat; but she distinctly did not lmow
hut wh en you say :\1rs. Hanker· l\{artin o'l· l\hs. Drug- whether you planted lettuce and radish ,eeds a l1alf
gist P<>rl< ins OJ' Rc,·ercnd ~\T rs. HawJdns, ot· Mrs. Brick- inch in the ground or two feet. But she meant to find
];l,V!' r' Bal'll!'S, you t<>ll a lot. '' Then she added:
out.
"And if I had my way we'd all say 1\frs. Episcopal
"Cover with one-fourth.in h fine soil firmly pressed
Ranker l\Tar·tin anu :\Trs. Presbyterian Druggist Perk- down," she r ead, and rose to obey directions.
ins, and J\fr·s. Hever<>nd :\Tethodist Hawkins, and Mrs.
H er hand touched the dark, moist clods. It (!'ave
Socialist Bricldnyet· Ba rnrs. In that way we 'd tell her a delicious sensation. Never in all her life before
r \'rJ•ything right away and save onr breaths." l\'lr-s. had she felt n ew turned sod. Suddenly she sat up
Baptist Jud ge Par·krr pl·iclPd hr rsrlf on heing pt·ac- alertly, h er eyes blazing. Almost, almost she felt the
t ir a 1.
wm·m earth throb!
Hut this isn't a story of :\Trs. Baptist Judge Parkct•.
" I helive it 's true !" she whispered. "True ! It 's
lt's a story of hr r· r ig htPen-year-old daughter Nellie, alive. All matter lives and breathes! 'l'her 's no such
who with grrat pomp and rrjoicing had just ht'co~e a thing as dead matter!"
~fl'S. Bectgr owet· Pr·rston and w11s lh<ing in heJ· brand
She got down on her knees and laid her ear close
r1rw cott11gc jus~ at the edge of town, adjoining the to the sod . Breathless, sh e li s~ened . Did she only
old Thornton place upon which . the BricklayeJ• So- imagine it, that soft stirring, like her sleeping baby 's
r ill list Barncscs had r ecently moved. l\11-s. Bricklayei· hJ·cath, or did she r eally hear it 1 lt was spring!
. :-\o(•inlist Bnmes also figures in the story as vil lainness
She forgot where she was, for'got her nearness to t he
or· good fairy, clt>pencling upon your point of view.
rond until a figure came between the horizon and h er
Mrs. Bri('ldayer· Soci11list Barnes was running a lit- rapt eyes. _It was M:.rs. Baptist. Judge Pat·ker on her
tle one-wh eeled hand plow over the enst section of h er way to visit her n ewly married daughter.
ha r k yard . llrr face w11s YeJ·y r ed and upon it was
l\l rs. Socialist Bricldayer· Barn es again had ·ause
an expression of mingl ed joy and d espair. It was h er to giggle slJCepishly, as she assumed ·a posit ion in k eeprir·st rxpeJ•iencc at backyard. int.t'nsified ran ching, OJ' ing with the sch ~me of the universe and t he usages
any .othel' kind for that mattrl·. But not for a moment of pol ite society.
.
" Good mornin g, Mrs. Par·ker ," she call d cheer(lid ·h falter.
'Five feet one in her stockings and every inch a fully.
" Good morning," l\J rs. ParkeJ· r eplied, not pausfighter," h er-' husband often said of h er· proudly.
She thought or that, and gripped the plow handle ing fo r a moment, but even hastening her steps.
'J•[ rs. S. B. looked after h er thoughtfully. ·" I don 't
anew. She hated . a roward or a quitt 1·! 'l'hen she
rh·opped th t' handl r, t1u·ned quite pale, screamed and seem t o get acquainted very fast. I ·suppose sh e think
tr·ied to climh a p each tree. "Oh, I almost tepped 1 'm crazy, standing on my head lil<e that. "
:J[rs. B . .J. hurried pantingly on , 110t being built on
Oil it. '
'It" was a Yrr·y large, Yr ry horny, llorn d toad. It llll rry in g lines. She was musin g, too, or cogitating,
S(·ut.tl d HeJ'O' th e plowed gt·otmd and di appeat·ed in Jet us say, ns th e word seemf•d to su it bettt'r her proa Iriend J~, bush.
portions.
"I mu;;t 'nite to the ];os \n gcles Times and find
Fiw-Fc•rt-Onc returned to h eJ• plow·, gingliug sheepishly. " I gnes it 's b rca n ·e the nasty things big, wha t it m.eaus when i:iocialists stand on th ·ir ear·s.
tier N' anc·est.ors used to t hn e mine, ' he mus d. " How Some free ]o,·c ceremony, l 'll h e hound . 1 'm s ·ared
to have . 'ellie Ji,·e down her·f' hy su ch p eople. "
some iu tinct do tick"
:-.lot rra lizinl! that she was a mr nacc, :\Ir. . BrickWhPn the plowing was at lengt h accomplished and
I
�TIJ,e Weste1'n Comrade
layer Barnes went on with her planting. She ""a
commencing with the radishes when she heard the soft
thud of running steps behind her, and turning saw Nellie, the new bride. • he had on a little blue cap and
kimoiUI, daintily embroidered w:ith a thousand careful
stitches and who knows how many thousand girlish
dreams. Her eyes were red and swollen and she spoke
in short gasps. She must have run all the way across
the beet field.
"Oh hide me, h ide me! Don 't let mamma find me ."
:!\Irs. Soc ialist Br·ickla.yer Barnes eas"t aside her
seeds.
" or eourse I will. I'd Iil•c to rescue ~ good many
yo ung gi l'ls from their mammas. _.Come in· quick.''
Hhr· fw izerl the gir·l's l1and and led her into ·t he
lro1Js••. ··~oil'," sir e said, s itting down in f ro.n t of the
littl e brid e, qui1·e lil< c a doctor in consultation, "tell
n1e all about it."
" 011 J )mew you 'd help me. 1\'I amma says you
don 't h!'lievc in IIHll'l'iagc, and I don't either·. Oh, how
J hate it."
?ll,·s. H. B.'s ry(·s gre\1' hi g. " I not believe in marr iagP ! · '
" Y •·s, sli C' says it\; true b\~e ause you keep your
('!' rti l'ieatc in a book ou chicke ns. She found oul t he
d11 y she t·amc to sec you. " .
" Oh," saiu Mr·s. S. B., sm iling at some r ecollection,
"'l'h c st: r·ap of papcr- J,ct'. not talk about me, let's talk
ahou t you. Yon· uo;,·t want to be married. 'l'ell me
wiry ."
Crimson floods SII'Cpt the girl's face . · "I can't,"
shr whisper·cd.
"Oh yes you can. Come ! Don 't you love yot1r
husbnnd ? I 'm sure you did before you married him.
I 11.·etJ to wa.t h you go by together."
lclli . tole a look a.t her· face. She did not seem in
th r lPa:t hor'!'if icd. Sh e had t he same kind of a mil e
p
T h e
gra
the Yelvet depths of
T IEY
Profit 's pulpit
r
that she had when she was talkin<> about th weather.
ery low the little bride began.
'I thought I loved him, but I don t now. I hat'
him.'"
'Wby!"
"1 know the ecret.'
' \\hat secret?"
'TJ1e married woman 's secret. ' Lower and lower.
' Yes ~ What's that. '
. ' You know, " she whispered.
It that m n ar '
bea ts."
~Irs. S. B. frowned and clinched her hands. FiY
feet one she was, and every inch a f ighter. " Ha yom·
husband abused you 'l'
Nellie shook lier head. ' No but I know. '
. "Yes? How do you ]mow, my dear '
' Aft r mamma and every one had left, h aid:
' Than].: God they ve · gone at last!
ow you 'r all
min ! 'l'hen he kiss d me and-and-oh, I can't t 11
the r est! He never kissed me like that before. Ancl'
t hen I knew. ·And wh enever he comes near me I b in
to shak e. I can' t help it. He has moved out in1·o
t he tank house. ''
" 'Why, the poor boy! "
The girl rose, wringing her hands. . "Oh, what
.. shall I do 1 I can 't go back! I can't!" And I can't t ell
mamma. She'd say, 'Whom God h~th joined togeth r
Jet no man put asunder .' And she'd make me go back •
And she knew too! Knew and wouldn 't tell mel Just
let me walk right into a trap. That's the way th y
tr·eat gir·ls- they set trap~ for girls- the men do-and
the women sit back and let us walk right into them !
Even your own mother.'' ·
She poured out all her disillusion, her p ent-up gri f
and fear.
"And I lmow why they do it, toq. Oh., I figured
<Continued on Page 30)
e
p
a
r
e
r
And slyly gild the gory art of slaying
'fill each child spurns the ·native gold of ru.tlr.
B y A. F. G A N "O N
And bid the btirdened meek ly bear their' )' Ok
DC'uouneing tho e brave spirits a 'low culprits·
'\\'ho tloun t the ma ters and th lave provoke.
'l'Jwy ply pel'ferYid pen, in pro titution
(\\ ithout th pm that peed tb trumpets shame) ,
Wltos f:.'i:'niu e nld €'1lkindl r evolution
lu onl . t tt·1mgPr to the a r d flam. .
Tl1ey 1 ratt- of 'peace> and. in the aui e of playing.
ln ul ate murder in tb mind of youth;
s
They glibly dwell upon tl1e nati"on 's " mission."
And cry: ' To arms! " on the pretext of peace,
Cntil the stupid mass, swayed by attrition,
ConeeiYes t he th ought bred in its brain obese.
~nd
ye wlw sit supine amid -the splendor
Of ltiuh ideals or a lo,·e of elf,
Betim sJ1all "\"\"aken or be forced tv render
Your blood and manhood to these pimps(){ pelf!
�T·h e Western Comrade
Enthusiasm Rules Llano
(Continued from Page 21)
l•ring to fruition the hope of the
ages . . Plato saw it .a,nd described it
well ; St. Simon saw it also and
1 ried it ; Robert Owen lived it for
:• time; Oneida was the mecca for
years; Ruskin saw devotees pour
in; East Aurora builded great and
solid ; Zion City contained zealots
of an idea. These and other great
.. mancipatory efforts filled the mind
of the man in question. Nothing
hut auroras, tinted and alluring,
held his attention. He would talk
to none that were not in sympathy
11·it h him and his ideas. He construct ed homes, cities, palaces, est<ltes- in fact air castles, and
st range to say, for these dreams he
eYer got r eady and r eceptive audiences too.
.At last fortune fa \'Or ed him and
lie got away from business lon g
t·nough to run to the colony and
"lool( it over," as the saying goes.
The only thing that charmed him
\\'as the homes of n ext yeat', the
Yiews of the towering, sky-piercing
crests, snow covered and bewildering in sun and moonshine, the fast
automobile ride, the r edolent odors
of exhaling spring, the drizzle of
the night, all of which wer e in~ig
orating. He did not see a tlung
that he came to see. The gr eat
pla in to the north and east with
its lon g undulations dissolving in
the distance; changin g colors, lights
nnd shadows. These wer e th e
th in gs he saw and app reciated.
The things the man did. not see,
nor could he see if he had tried,
\\'as the land, water, adobe houses,
little, not palaces; tents, ungainly
harns, long and short horn cattle;
plebeian rabbits ; fluffy chickens
;~ nd the season's d ependability. H e
joined.
Th e man in question later r etu rned bag and baggage. He was
ti ll ed with enthusiasm at first. He
"'as going to have that city whether
nr no. The electric lights m:ust
hloom on each yucca tree and a
J on~ line of li ghts would adorn the
\ Iadre hills from the Big Rock to
1 he M·escal, a distance of twelve
miles. The Santa F e, thirty-five
'lliles away, winding its wa,y
· hrough the jagged hills to the
;outh , must run into a shaft of
light from a giant searchlight
placed upon the dream tower hundreds of f eet in height. Los Angeles ninety miles away must be
startled and entertained nightly by
the weird r eflections in the heavens
of the wpnders of Llano. These
simple things were to be but a few
of the achievements that he had
come to the colony to perform.
For a couple of weeks he
" lazed" around await ing some
sort of move in t his direction and
was immeasurably pained to see
none. H e, however, noticed men
being taken in autos to work at the
lime kiln, to the Hubbard place, to
the Tighlman ranch and to the land
at Mescal. He observed men with
picks and shovels and hoes going·
into the fi elds and orchards. H e
saw men driving wagons filled with
lumber, bags, and hay. H e noticed
t he dairy cows turned into this
fie ld and into that and later saw
the~ driven to t he long barn and
he saw the ugly sight of milkers
milking the cows and yet later, he
saw the butter on t he tables and
milk there .too, and he saw the
· chun1 at work and wra.ppers busy
putting it up in pound packages.
He went to the comissary and saw
men and women buying things and
taking them home. Most astonishing. of all, he h eard preparations
for work her e· and there. Work!
Work! \Vhat a shock. This city
of his was not to be built by work
but by gen ii hands.
This TQan wander ed about in a
daze for a month and finally made
the discovery that work is the basis
of everything; that if a dream city
is to be built the masons must be
t her e; big wagons must haul. the
brick 1\Dd stone and sand and hmc.
The carpenters must saw and hammer and the landscape man must
hend his hack and sweat over every
flower or bush; that aching muscles
must be th e r eward of this thing to
he. Astonishing discovery!
With th e discovery came a new
incentive to work at something
wor th while. The dreams, like a
shimmering drapery, d ropped off
a nd lay in the distant land of fox
fi re. A new p sycl10logy had h.een
(Continued c:>n Page 29)
27
If you think . "fhe w ar in Europe
h as shatter ed Socialism. r ead L. B.
Boudin's famous book.
"Socialism
and War"
and l et this eminent a uthor, who Is
on e of the fo•·emost in the Socialist
ranks, put you right.
Socialism Is
·N OT shatter ed .
It Is NOT even
dented.
As a m atter of f act, it is only upon
applying th e m agic t ouch of Socialist
inte•·pretation tha t the war 'reveals its
fundamental cau ses, m eaning a nd c onsequen ces. Instead of destroying So·
ci a list theor y . the war has v!nd!cat·
ed lt.
In t h e course of a very ·suggestive
his t ori cal a na l ysi s, Boudin divides the
life hl8tory o f capitalist soci ety Into
thr ee ep och s-two of them w a rlik e and
on e peaceful. In the er a when capital Ism is just em ergjng out of .feudalism It
w ages e. seri es of b l oody wars for the
extension of terr itor y.
The second
epoch Is th e pacific period of capi talist
!ntem a l d ev el opm ent. Having secured
access t o the sea, h aving f orm ed the
n ation a nd secured ·its own dominance
within the nation, th e capitalist class
e nters upon a n era of peace in o rder t o
d ev el op
home.
its
r esour ces an d
pow er
at
The third epoch , the present one in
which Imperia l ism pl ays a dominant
part, Is essentia lly warlike ; a nd Its
essentia l econ omic characteri sti c i s the
exporta ti on of capt tal, principa lly In
the form of Iron and steel. The l ead·
lng Industrial n ations of the w orld, n o
l onger h aving a m arl<et at hom e which
can be Industrialized by the purchase
a nd int r oduc tion of !nclustr lal m ean s of
pr·oduction , the n atlonR
stri ve to se-
cure control of undevel oped countries
which can be "devel opecl " In the sense
of being Industriall y revolutionized.
After the gen er a.! considerati on of
the economics a.nd ideol ogy of the war,
Boudi n, In th e chapt er on the " Immedia t e Causes of the War a nd the
Sta k es Involved," g-oes deep Into the
com plicated m ass o r internation a l r e -
l a ti ons tha t brought about the war.
After thi s. v er)•· interesting a nal ysls
of the w a r. Boudin t ak es up the at·
tltude of the Soci alists.
He al so applies th e class struggle
th eor y to th e race probl em, and sh ows
h ow · truh~ r eactionary are the r ace
theories of imperiali sm , a nd h ow progressive the Socla llst theor y or th e
sam e subject I s. Bondi
dev elops a
th eor y or n a tion alism. Internationalism.
w a r and p eace, which Is truly M arxian
i n conception a nd Soclallstlc In oullool<.
Send $1.10 to The Western Comrade.
fi20 Callfo rnift Bu ilding, Los An gel es,
Cal .. a nd w e will promptly h av e the
book ·f orwa rded to you, postpaid.
Llano Rug Works
Ruga from old carpets. Rag ruga
a specialty. Room size rugs as
well as s mall sizes at Los Angeles
prices. We pay fr eight both ways.
Write for information or ship dir ect to Rug Department, Llano del
Rio Colony, Llano, Calif.
�28
· The Western Comrade
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~
Entered aa second- clan matter at the
s
t
a
r
l
t
e
r
s
post oftlce at Los Angeles, C&L
526 California Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price Fifty Cents a Year
·In Clubs of Four Twenty~five Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Frank H. Ware, Associate Editor
Vol. J If
-----
No. JO
ASH! ~(;TO:\ s~>nds out a
t .. i('gr-am 1h11t G('rrnany has
ofl'('rPd
~i r·<!r-<!gua
more monPy
than thr· ['nitr•d Stales for the
:\ir·ar·a!!nan r·;11rai routr•, whic::h, ar·r·ording- to somr· sr•n<Jtors, is a11 arI!IIIIIPIIt in fa\'or of Hn immr·diate
ratifir·afi011 or fh(' JH'Ilding tr-eaty,
and to otirr·rs hPiir·n· tlwn• is an
uitr·rior prrr·posr· hr,hiud it. \Vatl'h
for thr• 11"11\"t• or Jli'I'Jlarr·dru·ss talk
II OW.
W
A
.!s.
"
l'STIL\},'1.\
in a stat<> of Hnr·r·st. I h<> Srwralrst par·tv th PJ't'
has takPJJ a position 11gainst th<' ~~·ar
and has ,·igorou,;ly fought l' nlistmrnt. ,,I iss l'a11khurst, ·who r·<·r·(•nt1.'· spo)((• at :\)PfiHIIIJ"nP on "Shalf
·'lr·n Eulist !" was inti'J'I'IIpt .. d hy
soldrrTs who wr·r·r· s<·nt to thP nwl'fing for thr· pur·posr· of hrPaking it
up. Thr•.v almost sw·r·r•edt'd in pr·r>r·ipitating a r·iot. hut final11• 11 iss
Pankhurst r·orwlud ..d hr'r spt."PI'h.
Sorrow ripens the
GUST · RODIN.
All that cat
soul.-A."C-
think i
evil-
HILL.AlRE BELLOC.
1\Iy reputation wil.l take care of
itself.-WOODROW WII, 0
_
Our navy is too weak to be a
bully.-REAR ADmRAL
TAi'>-
FORD.
Jfhe greate t bonehead T l'\'er
saw accu ed me of being one.GEOHGE PJ CKETT.
I promise the House at soml.' future time to hi.' a grr·at deal lwttt•r.
- ~lEYER LO~DO~.
Ob, our women they are ublime !
-GE T- JOFFRE.
Call me anything but Colonel.\Y:\I. HOWARD TAFT.
I know po itively that a food
trust i
being organized.-GIFFORD PINCHOT.
Ignorance i the onlv soil in
which
tyranny
can
fatten.THO~IA
DIXON.
I would be orry to ee an imm~>n e tanding army or·ganized in
this eonntrv.-CARDI~AT~ G!RBO~..
.
Firm n·f'us<~l una1·ailing, l ha1·p
hP!'Il fOJ"(•(•d to . uhmit to the peopfp's wili.- \TA~ STI11l-IU1.
This war hPgau . in I.'<: ret diploma<·:''· It will end in Sl'tret couferene•·s b~· diplomatists. - .TA.:\E
ADD.\1fK
I don't lwl ieYP i 11 \\'oman Su f'fragr· amll han•n 't ;tny !'('Sped for
worJJr•n who dahhh• in sudr tra~lr.
llETTY (JHRE:\.
Don't l'lr·d me .\$sf'mhlv chairman for life. )Jake !t a· horh'J'
term-you may want to ran Joe."\. A. STEW A HT.
lk not rlumh d1·i'·"n slaYes i1r thl'
ar·mv of d1',;truetion, hr• her'O\'S in
t liP . (ll'lll,V of l'et:OIIStt·ndion. JJ]<;],E!\ 1\ ELLEH.
Doping soldier·s with t•ther, rum
or oth!'r spirits hefore tllP attaek
has hr>Pn largely r esorted to.-
.\11y_mall who will sahotage when
hr· ·, 11·or·ki!1g for· 1r imsPI f hasn't got
sr•nsr• t'llOUg"h to hr• an J. \\'. \\'.(l]WJH:E (; IBBO~S.
.1011~
OAL~WORTTIY.
H " ·r han' war· you'll .ee that
young fighting officers of the ar·my
"·ant to lw in mv comman<1.TilEODOHE ROOSEVELT.
)fpam; of eommunication betwf'en
In rnaniagr• man . tiurls not hi ..;
this r·ountr,v and England eontinur
matr• hut his housenrat('. 1t is for·had. The ldng's achi or believed
tnnatr for tlw. vst~>m that the marJ:\D( '~T I{IAL _affair·s in .\uslr·<!lia
that maki11g \\-. \\-. Astor a peer
rird
man
soon
·lost'S
all
dl.'sirl'
for
ar·p Ill tur-nJtJJI. At Hr-ok!'n Hill
"·ould
lw rilensing to Americans.in :\r•w South \\1 a lr•s thousands of his m<~h· i11 r·apti,·ity.-1f AR 10!\ IIOW .\1m BHl'BAKER.
COX.
minr·rs an· on str·ikr•. In t iw sanH'
ln 11 exi<·o thpr·r has lwen no casr
stat .. r·okr• workr•rs ar;• also on strikr'
\\' l' know that hnrulr·r·tls of r·omfor· h ighr·r· \\'al!t'.. Tlw pfl'('<·t of the l'adl's han' joirwrl tlH' Llflno Colon~ of wa11ton looting of Americnu
strikr· "·ill pr·ohahly h1• far·-r·t•aehing alld " "" would not kno\\·ingly do pr'OJWrty h~- )l(•Xieans in eOlnparias ~,.,,. ('astir• str•r•l wOJ·ks in Eng- aught to i11 an~- srnsP jeopa.nli;.w son " ·ith the ,,. nton looting of
land d('p!'nd on thi,; suppl,1'.
HP- thPir· intf'r'r•sts. - TH01L-\S W . 1!.. xir·an prOJWl'l.V hy Amerieans..JOTT.:\ 1\E~.:\I<:TII 'ITR:\'ER.
por·ts say that othpr· indnstr·ies ar·p WILLTA1TR.
aft'r•r·lt•d and gl'(·at signs of !!Pneral
Gr·pat arti~ts paint for money.
, Thl' mind will not rh•\"Piop unless (:n·at authors ar·•• "hairwd to tlw
llnl'asinr•ss. ( 'ousr·ript ion ma~· hP 1'1'hrain
is
r·r.
tr>d
with
t'n.io~·
mrn
t
th
r
sortr·d to.
pu h i isht'r 's irleals of hPst seller·s.
llllll r·elir'f from all <·ar·r', and en.io~-s Physir·i<Jils must ho\1' to th e prc.iuan intensr l' XPitenwnt whe n such dir·Ps of their· patients. ~urgeon~
:\'<:!..\~() hns eallPrl al!ain fot·
<'Xf'itl'm<'l1t r·esu lts onl,\- in plNrsur·r.
hut too oftrn OJwrate for the gold
hPr singlr· "'"" to .10111 the
army. This pror·lamf!tion will hal"(' - -TOB IL\RRDfA:\.
that is found in the appendix. Tlw
1 haY<' no ronntrv to fighr ~'or : lP!!<ll mind lwronH'S t hr tr·ickstr•r
ti11· l'l'f•·..t of t'lii'OIIing all singlr men
ol' military HJ!I' who han~ not been m~· l'Onntr~· is thr ·r arth: T am a fo~ !l..t":n·ions husirll'i\S. Th e legisI'XI'mptPil. This t'r•aih· mea11s ron- .. it izen of' th!' \l·orld. 1 would not lator· attal'h"s himsrlf to intl.'rest><
>w r·ipt iorr .
Ei!!htt>r'n-~··ra r·-old hoys Yinlatr m~· prinripl es for God. mur·h nrPding- JH'Ot!'l'tion. Thr' minister
m·p no\\- hPing pr·ps;;rd into tlrP srt·- ]p>;s for· a ('l'a ZY J,a iSPI'. a sa I' H g'(' of ( 'in·ist a\'oids offrnsin' allu. ion
Yii'P. Th!' Yalne of mur·der tr·ain- rzar. a degenrn~te king-. or· a g-ang- to tiw husirH'ss· rri mes which his
ing of the Ho~- Sronts will now he of l)Ot-hrllir•<l par:lsiti·~. -El " GE:\E pnrishionr·r·>:
art'
l'Ommittin~.
, .. DEBS.
dPIIIOIIStl'<ttrd.
.Jilll:\ BHISHE:\ ,\'.\LKEH.
• • •
E
�Th·e Western Comrade
29
Enthusiasm at Llano
(Continued from Page 27)
cr eated : a n ew point of view appeared and now t hat man is strong
for practical things, things of solidity, things made t o stand. Concr ete
ideas t ak e the p lace of the dreamy
ahstmct. H e d oes n ot entirely
'' han d on d reams, however. But
drea ms a r·e seconda ry n ow with
him.
Llano is no dream city, but with
act ive, willing cooperation on the
part of t he men and women and
.. hil clren too, t he ideal of the an··ients and t he hope of t he p r esent
"'i ll he realized.
Coop er ation
menns " -orhing together; to r eali z~
11 11 idPnt ity of interest, and when a
person is assigned to a job, fo r insta nce t il e build ing a t ent, imagine
til e t ent is to be yom·s and bu ild it
as if for yourself. R ealize that
11·in lls hlo\1', th at r a in falls, t hat
sno\r qu ietly nnd softly fall s, bu t
lays h raYy. Th e t en t is the prop<'r tv of th e build er . Wi th t his idea
in ~lu nd , t he eo"·s wi ll be stripped
r·lr an, t he buttr 1· · " ·ill b e made
s\\'eet nn d sanitil i',V, the h or ses shod
prop erly a nd the machine with
\\' liir h th e workman is en gaged will
h!' k ept in a high st ate of r ep air.
l•'m·tnnrs, leisu re, ideals, ethics,
mol' a Is flow f rom t he recognit ion of
tl t!' idrntity of interest. W ork.
r·onscienti ou s an rl loved . wrou ght
thr wond e1·s of t he world, builded
the m onuments ·t hat h ave come
tlo\\'n throu gh corrod ing t im e,
pai nted t h e cam·as with h eaven inspiJ•in g images an d carved t h e
Pn ri an ma rble into word-begging
l'm·ms.
Th e J,lHno th at lavs at th e feet
of thr S ien a ilfad1·e ·is as fe1·til e as
an v IHnd N lll he drsirrd. ThE' wat•·t:s tl1 Ht t nmhle dO\Yn f rom a 6500l'not r \·rlHtion rnn summr r and
wi n t('J' 11 nd ra n feed t he tln r st,v
~~~il nnd huil d i nnu nw rahle crops.
Thl' land is hrr('. T he wat!'J' is
Jt,. t•r. F 1·om 11 p 1·art iclll leYell~<·atl('(l poin t of Yiew, f 1·om th e
'it·\\' point of a (']Hss-ron, ('ious man
fit· \\'OlllHn who rontinu allv talk of
I IH· soil a1~d thr " 'Hter a!> hrin g t l1e
t•·qll isit('5 of life nnd dr plore the
(, pt tlHJt it is n o'" 7:1 per crnt cont,·nllrd ln- thr l01·ds of rap ita l.
• tl!!ht to' fm·r m11gnifieen tly lwre
· nd r njoy the nf'w world in the
1
Hking.
Ignorance is the Great
Curse!
Do you know, for instance, the scientific .difference between love and
passion?
Human lite is full of hideous exhibits of wretchedness due to ignorance of sexual normality.
Stupid, pernicious prudery long has blinded us to sexual truth. , Science
was slow in entering this vital field. In recent years commerclallsts
eyeing profits have unloaded many unecientific and dangerous sex books.
Now, the world's great scientific minds are dealing with this subject upon
which human happiness often depends. No longer is the subject taboo
among intelligent people.
We take pleasure In offering to the American public
the work of one of the world's greatest authorities upon
the question of sexual life. He Is A11gust Forel, M. D.,
Ph. D., LL. D., of Zurich, Switzerland. His book will
open your eyes to yourself and explain many mysteries.
You will be better for this knowledge.
E very professional man and woman, those dealing with soci9,l, medical,
aiminal, legal, r eligious and educational matters will find this book of
immediate value. Nurses, police officials, heads of public institutions,
writers, judges, clergymen and teachers are urged to get this book at once.
The subject Is treated from every point of view. The chapter on "love
and other irradiations of the sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex emotions-Contraceptive means discussed-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all in domestic relations-A great book by a great man.
. "The Sexual Question"
Her etofore sold by subscription, only to physicians. Now offered to
the public. Written in plain t erms. Former price $5.50. Now 1ent prepaid for $1.60. This is the revised and enlarged Marshall English translation. Send check, money order or stamps.
Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
General Dealers in Books, Sent on MaH Order
142 West 23rd St., New York, N.Y.
A TEMPTING OFFER
H unQ.n~(ls
n f subscriptit>ns a n? pr,uring- int o the ci_rculatton department or t he
'Vester r. Comra d e through comhina Lion offers. This num th w e h ave SC\'er·at n ew
on es added to th e list. w ·ould you like to get
THE NATI6NAL RIP-SAW
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c ircula tion d epartment of lhe WEKTEH:\' COMRA f>E, 52G California Building, Los
Angeles, Cal., and be p l aced o n the malti n g list or !Juth m agazfnps for on e year.
T elephone Home A-4533
Home A-2003
Main 619
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
A. J. STEVENS
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgin s Bullding
Los Angeles, Cal.
Dentist ·
306 South Broadway
Los Angeles, Cal.
Room 514
�30
The Western Comrade
Women's Magazines
Th e Western Comrade has a r ra nged sel·t·r·al good combination offers for t!J;. ben efit of its
wom<·n r t•aders. .-\ mong t hem
are :
Today 's rna gazine and :.'IIc( 'a ll 's, both wi t h the \\'estern
ComradP for on e y<·ar fot· $1.25.
This inr·ludt~s a fr et• :\l ay ?\fanIon patt1·rn a nd a free ·McCall
pattern.
J\no th et· 1Prnpting offer is
Today 'sand H ousewife and t he
\\'pslr·rn ( 'ontrad<·. Tli <•sc thrcP
<·nn IH· had in •·otnhin at ion for
one yea r for $1.00.
Still anotli <· r offpr inelud<·s
sevt·ra l tn al-(az int·s. lt. is T odny's. \\'01nan 's \\' orld , Home
Lit'('. J', ..,p lt··s l 'opu lar :\fonthly
and tl11· \V('st•·rn ( 'otnt·ad e al l
fo r o nt• ~· ~ · ar fo r $ 1.:)0.
J\1 1 •·lt t•t·ks or JllOllt'V orrlers
should he ntad(· to till'.
WESTERN COMRADE
526 Califo rnia Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Our
Greatest Offer!
Here Is a combination offer of The
American Socialist. official organ o!
the National Socia list Party, the
famou s "1914 National Campaign
Book" and Th e Western Comrade
that not one reader of The W este rn
Comrade can afford to let slip hy.
The American Socialist
for one year is · · · · · · · · · $
The 1914 Campaign Book.
The Wester.n Comrade for
one yea r 16 · · • · · · · • • • · •
Total
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• 50
. ...... .. .... .... $1 .SO
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Address :
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THE WESTERN COMRADE
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Wedd1n g
B e 11s
(Continued from Page 26)
t he whol e thing out while I sat oYer
ther e wishing l could die. Nobody
would t ell m e, so I figured it out.
They won 't t ell b ecause if gi rls
kn ew what beasts m en are th ey
would n ever marry and th en t her.c
wouldn 't be a uy babies born in to
the world. ''
H er e was a situation! What a
p~rfectly ghastly idea!
· ''Th ey won 't even t ell us about
t he babi es for fea r w e'd b e afraid
to get marri ed. B ut w e have some
sense and w e f ind out better for
ou rselves. \ Vhcn mamma t old me
s he found me in the river bed I
lmcw it was a lie. I t hi nk she
might hal'l' tnltl me th e truth about
t ha t. It's so 11·o-onderful. And it
nPH J' " ·ould h<ll't• stopped m<'. I'd
suft'el' anyth in!-(" to- toit isn 't
thP pain- it's t he - - ' ' She covered h (•r f a(·P.
" Th e w}tat, t hen 1"
'' Th e sham r, '' s he whisp ered.
'' Oh. i f th e st·cret had been anything but that- anything- anything ; I eou ld ha\·e stood it ! And
I thought. ,Jim m ie was so good . If
he is h ac! . ho11· honihlc ot her m en
must hP ,. '
)frs. S. B. sm ile<l at that. She
hcgan to sec !Jpr way m ore clearly.
"l\[amma dirl try to w ar n m e. I
ough t t o g i1·c her cr edit for thnt.
::-;h e t old m e 1 'd f ind Jimmie wnsn't
t h e a ngel I t hought him. hut women that kn t• w whi ch side th eir
lm·nd w as bu tt ered on lea m ed to
put up with 111PII . •\n d wltil c :\Irs.
:!\ Tarti n ·was pinning on my Yeil sh P
r ed , 'If Jimmie gets stingy
von, g irli e vou come t o m e.
' · to eoax opr n h1s
·
(' h vou how
pock et h o~k. ' ' '
Fivr-Feet-On e fairly shrunk in
h er chair. So t hat \l·as wh at marriage m eant to them !
"I didn't know wha t th ey mea nt
th en . But I do now. I 'd stflnc
first. ''
FiYe-Feet-On e plun ged into h er
t ask. Rh c shook lwr hPa d rl on btfn ll~r .
" I'm \·er v mnrh afr fl id .Jim miP
w on 't fo r gi ~·c ~·011. ' '
'' Forgive m e !''
" Y t•s. for vour eru eltv. How
r onltl ~- on ·m11i\P snrh 11 st~1pid m istak<' " lf p is nothing lik P ~· ou think.
You misunder stood him, that 's
all."
"You m ean I got the secr et
wrong ?"
'' Ridiculously wrong . ' '
" \Von't vou t ell m e?"
l\Irs. !:3. B. r eliected. Could she
undo y ears of p erverted t eachings
in a few minutes 1 No, h er task lay
w ith th e boy. He, at least, kn ew
himself. The girl ]mew n either
herself nor him.
"No, I sh an't tell you.
A girl
who h as t h ought such eYil things
of h er h usband ou ght to he punished, don 't you t hink so ?' '
" I - I suppose so. But- " timidly-" do I n eed to b e so afraid? "
"Not a t a II , only as we t r emble
b efore a ll of natu r e's see r ets. It '~
a secr et, yes-a myst~ ry d eep and
d cli f'a t c and lo1·cly, but it 's a good
secret-a bringer of joy when two
p ersons lol'e cat·h other and treat
it as th e frRgil e thing it is. So
rl on 't w orry any more a bout it, my
dear. ''
Ne llie's
face
grew radiant.
" \\'h~· . it m ust have someth ing t o
do with my dream."
" ::\la~d w it has.
\Vhat was your
drram "''
" 1 u setl to try to dream of Jimmit>, hu t I n ever could. But when
1'd t ry a nd try, sometimes I 'd have
anotliPt' dr<'am almost as lovelv.
But it's a hard d1·eam to tell. At
first it seemed to be a co lot· but n ot
a color l h ad eYer seen , th en it
w ould turn to hu ndreds of dream
rolors t hat would seem to wrap all
a bout me. And I would try to t ell
t h em they were smothering me. ]
rouldn,:t st and th eir brightness, and
I wou1a.-· w11ke all breathless and
tremblin g. Has that something t o
do with th e secret?"
:\Irs. S. B . smiled.
" Yrs. a great m a ny stainless
g irls lil<c you only dream of th t·
see r et at f irst. By a nd by you may
rlrram while vou ' r e awake. Now
I 'm going to find Jimmie and as!;
him to fo r gil'e you.
Y on wai t
her e. "
S he found h im at th e barn enh·an ee pretend ing to m end a set ot
harness. but the harn ess had dr oppPrl to th P ground 11nd his hand w a '
undt•t· his <l PjP('trd , sull en lips.
�T h e W e s 't l:l r n C o m r a d e·
She walked up to him and the
scene that. followed was in plain
\·iew of the horrified eyes of Mrs.
Baptist J udge Par ker who sat at
rhe window fretting over t he inexplicable absence of her daughter.
·· Where 's Nellie~'' she had asked
her n ew son-in-law, and he had sullenly answered, ''I dunno,' ' and not
another word could she get out of
]rim.
"What business has that wolllan with Jimmie ?" This to her~df as she peeped t hrough the curtains.
" Th at W omr.n" was evidently
doing all t he talking. Jimmie
lllcrcly r egist ered emotions. l<1rst
indiffe rence, then surprise, then
confusion, then horror, then a desi r·c to run. At t his point " that
\\·oman " laid a detaining hand on
his arm.
'' Oh, t he creature,'' groaned
:\[rs.•Judge, "and her ten years
older if she's a day! Oh, where's
:\ellic ?"
J immie r eached for a handkerdrief and mopped his forehead and
sat down again . Mrs. S. B. sat
down besid e him talking very fast
and smiling a · great deal. This onesided conYersation proceeded while
Jimmie mopped his fo rehead.
n radually he lost his self-consciousnrss ahd absorbed her words with
<rn eager anxiety.
l\irs. Baptist
.Tudge Parker sat by t h e window
and looked and wheezed and
L 1a n o
groaned. It was all too clear ·that
that Socialist woman was busy at
t he festive f17ee-love p astime so
popular with all Socialists. She
was t rying t o br eak up NeHie's
home.
" P oor, poor Nellie! · Oh, you
wretch!'' The last was ' for J immie. He had t aken Mrs. S. B. 's
hand and after pumping it up and
down was holding it and squeezing
it. ·Such goings on! And him only
married two days ! It was a.t this
point that she considered looking
for Nellie's dead remains in the
cellar.
She saw them start across the
beet field, saw Mrs. Socialist Barnes
stop in her n ew plowed patch, saw.
Jimmie take the three bottom
steps at a jump, only to stop on
the fourth and mop his forehead
before making a final dash for the
door.
And the Menace 1 What did she
do ? Did she start nlanting vegetables like a sen:sible, r espectable
woman ~ No. She stood absolutely idle for a few minutes, then
knelt down and placed her ear
against the earth as if to listen.
" Oh , oh! It 's a fr ee-love rite
just like I thought. She's waitin '
for th e devil to t ell her what to do
n ext!''
With a lpud groan she b egan :tter
sear ch for Nellie. And she looked
first in the empty trunk in the cellar.
•
M ustngs
.31
PEARSON'S
is the -anly· Magazine ·
of its kind
This is why:-; ' .
I
This is what it 'did:ABANDONED FANCY COVERS
CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
ADOPTED PLAIN PAPER
This was the purpose:A plain form would enable the mag-
azine to live on its income from subscriptions and monthly sales. It
would not have to consider the effect
on advertisers when it wanted to print
the truth about any public question.
This was the result:Pearson's now prints the truth about
some question which affectsyour welfare in every issue. It prints/acts
...
which no magazine that depends on advertising could
"afford'' to print.
And, ~ith all this, Pearsons still prints
as much fiction and entertainment
articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of -pretty
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year for $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can get both PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COM·
RADE for one year by
aendlng $1.00 to
(Continued from P age 24)
\\'hen it tends to preserve the
\\"hole; when it does not, beware !
. \ sincere enemy is a dangerous
one, and anything organized for
tIre advantage of the poor will get
·incere opposition, even from the
. poor themselves, who too often are
not r eady to fight with nature, but
SPek eith er alms from the rich or
advantage over each other. That
lamentabl e large element uncons•·iously seeks to , destrQy itself
t hrough their unorganizable nature
nll d f rom my experience with them
l rejoice in their success, for that
\ 1 lr ich is unorganizable is useless
t " the further progress of man.
That which will organize is th ~
yr·ast of the n ew age. To the or-
ganizable. I say, "Combine to serve
yom self. " And to the unadaptabl e t o organization I say, "Good- .
bye. ''
Take heart, comrades of the
I,lano. You are on the right track
for self-preservation through your
organized effor ts. You can afford .
to be patient- to eliminate that
which you can not consolidate, and
you n eed not worry about your
waste. It is sad that not all will
join heartily, but we may be glad
that so many of us are able and
willing to combine. W e may rejoice in the work so far accomplished and it will cheer us on to
gr eater efforts for our collective
good.
;
Three y~r!i ago P~rson's ·decided tb
be a free magazine.
•
The Western Comrade
526 CALIFORNIA BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
Your Combings
made into switches for
one dollar, postpaid.
•
Work guarantud.
MRS. E. TURNWALL
p ano, Cal.
�ELKSKIN
BOOTS and SHOES
'Factory operated in connection
~ with LLANO DEL Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots.$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies' 12-in. boots.. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 1.oo
Men's Elk work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 4.00
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . ........... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes,
5¥2 to 8. . . . . . . . . . 2.00
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11. ... . . . . . . 2.50
Misses' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 .. . .... . . 3.00
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above If·
Iustratlon. Pass tape
around at lines without drawing tight. Give
•lze usually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
F or R anc h ers an d Q ut d oor M en
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pair
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines · from ladies,' men's
and . children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
526 California Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1916-02
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1916-02
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n10_191602
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2018-07-25
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n10
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ecc1a73bd432d1f37aa9e62a5ebec61b.pdf
27134c33ef3e6f122c3937336069a993
PDF Text
Text
�Llano del Rio
Co-operat~ve·
_C olon.Y
Llario, California
Is the -greatest Community Enterprlae ever launched
T HIS
In America.
· ·
The colony · w~ founded by Job Harriman and Is situated
In ~he beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, Call-·
fornta, a few h6urs' r.tde from Los Angeles. Tbe c~unlty
Is solving the problem of disPmployment and business ·failure,
and offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the
workers and their families.
AIJ<?ut 120 acres of &arden waa plan:ted tbfa
suits have been most gratlfyi:ng.
:rear.
Tha re- ·
Social life In the colony l.s most dellgbtful. Entertainments and dances are regularlY eatabllshed functions. Base·
ball, basket-ball. tennis. swimming, ftshlng, bunting and all
other ~~orts •and pastimes are populu with all ages.
Sev~l bu'.ndred acres a.r~ no~ in alfalfa, which la exHere Is an exam'ple of co-operation tn action. I;lano d~l pected. to •run six cuttings of bea.vy bay this aeaaon. There
Rio Colony Is an enterprise unique in the history of com- · are two 'procfucing orcbards at1d ' about firty-ftve acres Of
munfty groups.
young pear trees. ·: several hundred 'acres wlll be planted In
-.. pears and 'apples n-ext year.
It was established by Job Ha:rrlman to soll'e the problem .
· ·• .
or unemployment by providing steady employment for the.
· Six .J:iundr~d Qd forty acres have been set asld-e tor a
workers; to assure safety and comfort for the -future and for site for a · city. ~.h.e building department is making brlc'ka
old age; to guarantee education for the children in the best for the construction of ·.hundreds of homes. The c~ty will
school under personal supervision, and to provide a. social .. lie the -only_ one · of Its klnd in the world. It will be built
life amid surroundings better than can be found In' the com- with the entt of being beautiful and utlllta.rlan.
petltlve world.
'
There . are 1000 . memberships in the o!ol,}y and most
Some of the aims of the colony are~ To solve the problem o.f'them are subscribed for. It Is believed that the remainder
year since the colony began to work ·o ut the· problems that wUI be taken .within the next few months.
·
confront pioneers. There are about 700 persons living at
the new town or Llano. There are now more than 200
The broadest democracy prevails In the management ot
pupils in the schools, and several hundred a.re expected to be the colony. There is a directorate of nine, elected by th"e
enrolled before a year shall have passed. Plans are under stockholders, and a community commission of nine, elected ·
way for a school building, which will cost several thousand by the G-eneral Assembly-all persons over 18 ;voting. Abaodollars. The bonds have been voted and sold and there Is lute equality pre\·aiJs In every respect. The ultimate popunothing to delay the building.
lation of this colony will be between 6000 and 6000 persona.
Schools have opened with classes ranging from the
Montessori and kindergarten grades through the Intermediate,
which Includes the first year In high school. This gives the
pupils an opportunity to take advanced subjects, Including
languages In the colony school.
The coloily is organized as .a corporation under the lawe
of California. The capftallzatlon Is $2,000,000. One thousand
members a.re provided for. Each ·shareholder agrees to subscribe for 2000 sHares of stock. Each pays cash $1000 for
1000 shares.
The colony owns a fine herd of 105 head of J·ersey
and Holstein dairy cattle · and Is turning out a large amount
of dairy products. There Is steady demand for our output.
Deferred payments. on the remaining 1000 shares are made
by deducting one dolla.r per day from the $4 wage of the
colonist.
• There are over 200 hogs In the pens, and among them a
la.rge number of>good brood sows. This department wllJ be
given special attention and ranks high in lmportan'ce.
Out .of the· remaining $3 a da'y, the colonist gets the necessities and comforts of life.
The colony has seventy-five work horses, two large tractors, three trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry
department has 2000 e.gg-mak!ng birds, some of them blue
ribbon prize winners. This department, as aU others, Is in the
charge of an expert and it wiJl ·expand rapidly.
The balance remaining to the Individual · credit of the
colonist may be drawn- In cash out of the net proceeds or
the enterprise.
There are sevetal hundred hares in the rabbitry and the
manager of the department says the arrivals a.re in startling
numbers.
·
·continuous employment is provided, and vacations arranged as may be desired by the colonist.
There a.re about 11,000 grape cuttings fn the ground and
thousands of deciduous truit and shade trees In the colony
nursery. This department is being steadily extended.
The community owns seve.r al hundred colonies of bees
wlllch a.re producing honey. This department wtil be lnereased to several thousands. Several tons of hbney are on
hand.
Among other industries the colony owns a steam laundry,
a planing inill, la.rge modern sawmill, a printing plant, a
machine shop, a soU analysts laboratory, and a nuniber of
other productive plants are contemplated, among them a
cann ry, a tannery, an ice plant, a shoe fa.e.tory, knitting and
wea.ving plant, a motion picture company and 'factory. All
of this machinery is not yet set up o I g to the stress of
handling crops.
.
The colonists a.re fa.rmlng on a large scale with the use
ot modern. machinery, using scientific system and tried
m.ethoda.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn in cas.h.
Each member holds an equal number of share• of stock
as every other sha.reholder.
Each member receives the ll.a me wage as every other
member.
In case anyone desiFes to leave the colony his shal'H
and accumulated credits may be sold at any tlm11:
Are you tired of the competitive world?
Do you want to get into a position where every ho::r'J
work will be for yourself and your famuy? Do you want
assurance of employment and provisions for the fu.t uref A.ak
for the booklet entltled: ''The Gateway to Freedom." Subscribe for The Western Com.r ade ($ .50 per ye.a.r), and k eep
posted on the progress of the colon,-. A.a'k about our montblY
payment installment membership.
Address -;. LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, 526 California
Building, Los Angeles, California.
�...
I
co
!?age .
5
E ditorial Comment
By Frank E . Wolfe.
·~
9
When Slavery Will End
By Adelaide Maydwell.
!-iocialists and Preparedn
..
' Preparedness at Llano
10
13
By R. K. Williams.
19
Theory and Socialism
By John Dequer.
22
Ilumpety Dumpety (Poem )
By Ernest R. Wooster.
Do Unto Others .
23
Safr ty Next
2,1
By Clara R. Cushman.
29
Look, You Kings! (Poem )
By Harvey E . Westgate.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Preparing the Worhr·
l'' rontispiecc
Out of th e Basket
6
The Triumphant Glad iHtor
7
Hulling Strawherr·i(•s in a Louisiaua ('anuet·y
9.
Preparedness Takes )I en from Constrmtive Labol'
10
Deprivation and Exposure for Patr.iots ; Joy for
Capita lists
11
Making Brick at Llano
14
Turning Brick
15
Preparedness
16
The New and Old
~I ethod~
of Scn1ping l;ancl at L!an.o
Proposed School fo r Llano
alves Feeding
Dairy ITerd on Way to Be l\lilkc1l
18 .
19
20
2~
�Preparing the Worker.
"Prepare yourselves to shoot· yoUI"Selves, you damned fools ; there's profit and safety in it
for us."-That Is what the capitalists would say to the working class if they, the capitalists, said
what they N!ally th.lnk and want.
-Drawn ror:.Westem Com-rade
by
M. A. K empf.
�E
---------------------------
Political Action
Devoted! fo> the Callu ol the. Worial,..
Co-ope~atlon
-
VOL. III
NUMBER 9
WS ANGELES, CAL.. JANUARY. 1916
Picturesque Scene Below Damsite, Showing Big Rock Creek and Road to Llano.
E D I T
0
c
R I A L
0
M M
E N T
By Frank E. Wolfe
S
AFBTY first was a !!reat idea, a great cateh proof lies in the fact that twenty persons were shot.
word and almost a war cry. It was almost as That makes it a battle for the daily press. 'l'he fact
that there were no safety experts or gunmen in~.tood as "swat thr fly,·' "back to the land" and
other nifty little sayings invrnted by clever press jured would lead some of the more critical to label
agents. _Out of it has grown what bids fair to be it a massacre.
a great institution, "the safety expert."
HEHE is something encouraging in the speed
The American Landsturm is commanded by a safewith which the strikers at East Youngstown
ty exp~rt, in fact he already is here. \Ve have the
daily papers for it. The safety expert was in com- . learned a lesson. Once they hl}d faced a storm of
mand of th~ gunmen of East Youngstown, when a bullets, while they were closely massed in the
lo of misguided strikers sought to picket at the streets, they had had enough. J nstead of throwing
gates of a steel mill. The safety experts ordered bricks at the gunmen, and inviting m.ore slaughter,
the gunmen to fire, and at the first volley twenty they dispersed and within a brief time went at it
vi<'tims fell. Among th~m were some women who in a different manner.
One is almost persuaded to beli.eve that some
were so far away they could not hear the war cry
" Safety First" and seek cover. In fact they did geniu.s in their midst made a discovery and whisnot even know there was a safety exp·e rt with hls pered to them of the p.otentiality of a bolf of .m atches
and a bottle of benzine. At amy rate they no JloiJ,ger
platoon of assistants in that vicinity.
Of course it was annournc:ed as a battle, arnd the faood the armed thugs or endangered their lives.
T
• • •
�The WesteTn Co
Tade
'rhi11 was a ~oup of "ignorailt foreignet§." but other channels of poradic mutinil.' and widl.'tlwir al'tion in Youngstown has made a profound spread :unrest.
irnprt•1111ion on the working class. We are for poGermany with her world-wide py y f('m prt'·
liti•~al aetion. We are opposed to all acts of vio- tends to ba\'e information which indicate
that
J,mee, and 11nug as it may sound, we deeply deplore · British rule in India is doomed; and, with or withthe adion at Youngstown. It was \lad to destroy out foundation, claim the di affection pr ads, tu
property and rf'grettable that the mill owners saw other British holdings. They hint darkly at n po ·
fit to ro~hoot down twenty human beings. In spite sible uprising that will lead to complete revolution
of thill we can't help thini.Ung it was well for the in Egypt; and they point with considerable justiworker11 abandon mass action in the vicinity of fication to· colonial misrule in that country wh l't•
the mills.
jndustrial abd economic conditions ha,·e long bt>t'll
a disgrace to Great Britain.
11 E Youngstown steel mill . workers ·were men
According to the plans of the Anglo-Jnpancst'
imported from Europe and mercilessly ex- treaty the Nipponese ·are pledged to come to tlw
ploited from the hour of their landing. They were resrue should Great Britain's poss{',sion beconw
hPatr.n, cheated and swindled at every turn. They imperiled. The indications are the central powers
w<•rc brutally fl<>eced and worked to a point of beas- will supply the peril and involYe the Far East ill
tiality in the mills. At
the strugglr.
thPir· first sign of protest
+ • •
t h(•ir masters unhesitatingHE most amusing inly shot them down like
terview with Henry
dogs.
Ford immediately followBlinrll,v, possibly stning his return was that in
pi<lly, th<'y mrt dircrt ficwhic·h he disclosed the
tion with dir·ect actionfad thnt hr had discov.
thry of n character t.hRt
errll the <>conomic waRte
could not make hut the
of war in that it <laily dcmnstPt'S pansr.
stroyC'd a large number of
+ + +
pr·oduct ive worl<crR. IIent·y
l<:Sl'l'rE the silence
•
knows of hut orw yardand snppr<'. sion of
stick hy which Jo mcaRurc
the British Oovel'!1mrnt in
working men - the num.
all affait·s in I pdiR. There
bc-r of autornohill's they
is n gr·owing hrlirf of an
could mak1• and asHemble
in one day. He H!IYS they
. imminrnt dang<>r· of a trear<> I}I'Rtroying human life
mendou 1'<'\'olt of the Hinthat Ponlcl turn out 5000
du . Thi i not entirely
Fords a nay of say- ten
ba, ed upon report of uch
hours. 1'his is a (aet
hwidrnts a thl' depo ition
known to millions of "failf Nnwnll. , nltnn Ul ~lul
ki, the ~izam of Hyderur<>s " hut it eo11t a great
bud, or othrr influential
"RUI•I•P!>fl" hundrCdH • of
Out of the Basket
ludinn princ•e. . hut is
thoufland<> of dollan and
an orwra houtl'e trip to
rntltl.'r hnst>tl on c•onl inuou
. ' ·amlahoo,·ia to flml nut.
tori , l.'omin~ through
T
• • •
T
D
�The Western Comrade
a spifflicator of
A sstr·aw
men, T. R. has
Jio
li\'ing
equal.
His
~hief occupation touay is
to quote extensively from
wkrt nobody has said,
and to pro~eeu in his own
fearful and wonderful
11·ay t o utterly demolish
th<· illo~i··al utterances
that JJ<'I'<' l' lJa\'c been uttr·rcJ.
The· paeifids- if there ·
rc·ally is sw·h a cr·eaturcgpfs "his" as regularly
as Teddy grts his modic·um of l1ot blood and raw
honrs for breal,fast. If
his press agents can get
enough of his dope into
the daily newspapers he
hop<'s to <'rowd down
stage rnongh to get the
Rrpuhlican nomination at
1he coming Chicago convention.
1
men enlisted under the
Derby plan, and all hoped
for active service in the
field. Workers in British
mills and mines, and
dwellers of the London
slums were, in thousands
of instances, willing t~o
out to the camps and 1!1e
fields to fight and, if need
be, die like men in the
open.
Now the disclosure is·
madP. Conscription will
come quickly and there
will be no more subterfuge. These men were
"starred." as " unfit" for
"active service as soldiers
under arms. but will be
used as munition wor]}ers
OR lN O'l'HER FIEI1DS."
T
+
+ +
HE officials admit that
428,853 men of military age were rejected for
+ + +
''medical'' r easons. PoThe Triumphant Gladiator
T is estimated that Turlitely put. Lack of proper
key has 100,000 Chrisnutrition before birth and
tians (Armenians ) held
during their life would
in involuntary servitude.
come nearer the truth.
Their method of enslaving these men was direct and Now that there are se1·eral hundred thousand ablewith at least a measure of candor. Th ey were osten- bodied workers available for service under military
sibly r ecruited in large numbers to serve in the Turk- orders British labor will fa c·e a quick sharp camish army-gathered in large camps but never· were paign of conscription and under this other hundreds
given guns. That would have been unwise. With- of thousands of workers will he drafted for the facout any unnecessary delay these recruits were put tories, fields, coal mines, trams, docks and railways.
to work on military details and so cruel has been :-:imple and. direct as the Osmanlis. 'l'he only diftheir treatment that they are perishing by thou- ference is, in Ttirkey it is :Mohammedan enslaving
sands. Barbarous!
Christian; in En gland it is Christian enslaving
+ + +
Ciu·istian.
ln France the employers brok e up a gen'e ral railT is not estimated how many are prepared for involuntary servitude in England-the number is way strike by directing their government to call
known. The official figures are 761,875. Of these the army to the colors, then ordered the soldier en49,808 are married and 312,067 are single. These giuec·rs, firemen, switchmen, trainmen and other
I
I
�8
The Western Comrade
soldier-railway workers to their tasks under-martial law.
"In England u.nder the "defense of the realm,'"'
with a few hundred thousand more soldier-dockers,~
carters, tram men, railway men and miners under
eonscription, Organized Labor will be at the mercy
of rapacious capitalism.
.
In America we of the wor_king cla.Ss do things
better-or do we?
One large body of Organized Labor already is
shouting for preparedness. Nowhere do we hear
the voice of indignant protest against these war
measures advocated by the munitions makers and
their legislative puppets at Washington.
California has the distinction of having two
strong advocates of military servitude. 'fhe plan
is to build national highways with soldiery.
At first blush the plan looks alluring in that it ·
proposes to put soldiers to work. (The only instance I know where professional killers did actual
valuablr work was when the Hessians paved Duke
street, Alexandria, Va., with cobble stones which
remain there to this hour, a hubblety, jolty reminder
of this solitary instance.)
But the highway soldiery plan would not so
work out. Rathel' it would transform decent workingmen into vicious loafers that live unnatul'al lives
in military camps. This would mean automobile
roads fo!' the rich tourists, and a conscript army that
would preclude any possibility of a successful strikP
in any largr industry in Aml'rica. Lahor is
relying on lradei·s who are at this hour hobnobbing
with the militarists and mnnitionists at \Vashington.
L
+ + +
OS ANGEI,ES is a highly moral city, truly a
city of angels and saints-a city with the lid
on.
'!'herr
is no scgregatea district, no red lights
1
blink ehrrrily in any chosen section of the· city.
and from rvPry pulpit you can get fulsome and
gratuitous accounts of our purity. Envious outsider,; sprak slmingly of "whited st>pul!'hers. '·
The difference between J,os Angl'les and other t·l\ ies
is simply that we do things differently.
Before me lies the class-ad srction of an eYen-
ing paper, and; i.n one column I count printed solicitations from twenty-seven houses of prostitution.
In this hlghly: moral and ed~cational daily I learn
that· "Lucy" . has moved from the old stand on
Spring street to a better location on Hill; and that
"Vivian" i:;;. with her. I see that "LaBelle" is at
the ·same ·old stan~ where the French method is
still in use. I am able to locate ''Maude,'' ''Margarite" and ~'Ina," and I Jearn that "Victoria Ballou, formerly. of Louisville, Ky.,'' is an operator
giving massage and sweats in our midst. This illuminating page also conveys the gratifying intelligence that · a respectable dentist establishment
has been opened on. premises where, until recently,
a notorious house of assignation and prostitution
has b~en operated by the knowledge and consent
of its o~;ner-a merchant prince, who h-as led a
"most exemplary lift>."
The municipality has for a long time rented
its property in Temple Block where at least one
saloon has flourished: This by consent of the City
f'ounciL With this shining example before them
the Board of Education doubtless has few qualms
of eonsciencP when it reads the class-ad section
and sees that its own ''waffle allry,'' sometimes
known as )'[ereantilc Place, is becoming a popular
resort for the ''bath and massage parlor.''
The annual rental of "waffle alley" is . $25,000
a ypar. Critical perS0.1S haYe said it was worth
four tinws that amount, hut tlw Board of Education goes calmly ou in its supe!'ior way. The casual
stroller through ;\T(•rrantile Place is assailed by the
dclectahlc odors of hot waffles, and less pleasant
odors from the, dog-and-monkey stores that line
thr way. Here tlw c·ry of the cockatoo and the
shr·ipk of tht> ..!1impanze,. arc mingled with the tintinabulntion of tuneless pianos in the song shops.
l'pstairs o\·er this · municipal menagerie "Maud" .
and "Clar·a .. and othPrs of "formerly of's" and
"new oprrators. ··await the unwary, unwashed· and
unsw!'atrd mall's. who .for a grrat part. arrive from
\filpetn;;:. ~hrho~·gan and Skowh<'gan. Alas, for
thl' <'rstwhile glot·i,•s of ""'atfle Alley;" It is
awful-too wafflr.
(
�The Western Comrade
When S 1 a.v e r y
T
I
En .d
HE National Child LaEach year a new lot leave
By ADELAIDE MAYDWELL
bor Coi!lDlittee has just
hool to~ soon go to work
managed extensive
too . blmdly wor'k
observancr, of Child
too long hour . ill
IJabor day.
This
the citizens of the
,. o m m i t t e e a nUnit~d tates n ver
uounces that !JOOO
'take ~oncerted acorganizations, intion against this
duding
churches
waste of children f"
synagogues,
a 11 d
The eonunitt ·e is
rwognizetl the day.
made up of good
But why ? Why
men and women
have a Child Labor
who are actuated .
Day 1 ::::iurely Amerby the highest posiea is agreed that
sible motives. They
"hild labor is not
are doing excellent
•·onsist cnt with her
· work. They are
ideals.
The Namaking exhaustive
tional Child J_;abor
irivestigations and
Committee, realizcontinuously · are
ing that these quesbringing to light
tions will be asked,
the terrible condiTots Hulling Strawberries In a Louisiana ·cannery . .
has issued the foltions that . exist in
lowing explanatory
the industrial disstatrment: "Child Labor Day is a reminder. \Vc tricts. They are pressing issues .for the amelio.r ation
ha \'e a strong sentiment in this country against thP. of these conditions, and so urgent has been the demand
··xploitation of children, but, perhaps for the very that in many states there have been laws pass~d for
r·rnson thilt our sentiment is strong-so strong as to the protection·of the child slaves in factories, m.ills and
make it hard to believe child labor can exist in Amer- mines. With this the Socialists have no quarrel. The
it·a-we havr nevrr tal<rn the decisive steps to end achievement is in every way valuable. The effort is
once for all the labor of children.
worthy.
We do say that we have lrttle patience with simple
"lf a 14-year age limit in factories anu 16-year
I irnit in mines were enforced throughout the country palliatives. We always wish our friends were pro111ore than 50,000 children would immediately be elim- c·eeuing with a little more understanding of the real,
iJJatcd from industry. That is, more than 50,000 chil- und<·rlying cause of child s lavery. Of course there are
,IJ·en are at work in the United States contrary to the many in the work . who are true Socialists and who
JH'imary s'tandards of child labor legislation. . If the understand thoroughly.
•·ight-hour day and no night work in factories· were
Tt{e committee does well to point out the fact that
the law for childre~ under 16, another 100,000 chil- the economic interests of capitalism demand the child' I t·en wo~ld be affected. There are still states in the. hood of 1,990,225 of the . co~g generation. It does
l 'nion where children 9 or 10 years old may be found well to show that 100,000 American children have no
at .JfOrk in the mills. There are still states where the protection against the avarice of the captains of indus··hila of 12 may work eleven hours a day. There are try who work them long hours and violate the rules of
, fill states where the education of a child under 14 is . hu.m anity by working them during the night.
not compulsory. 'l'he census of 1910 found 1,990,225
Child slavery will continue in some fol'1ll as long
··hildren between 10 and 16 at work in this country. as wage slavery continues. It is true that shortening
"It is because these things are so and we in Amer- the hours of toil and improving safety and sanitary coni•·a are apt to forget them, that we ask our friends to ditions are all in the nature of the wol'king class con··h erve Child Labor Day and remind the country that quests. But it is also true there will be no victory unhild labor. in the United tates' is a live, pressing is- til all who toil are--liberated from the galling chains of
ne. Each year a new lot of children go to work.. the capitalist system.
�T k.e, W e s t e r n C o m r a d e
~0
Preparedness takes men from useful, pr'!\luctive labor and puts them to d'o uset~ss, wasteful and destructive task's.
c======oallE !::iocialist Party must soon take a posi- ·
T
tive stand on its position as to preparedness. This is admitted by all who have
given this problem any thought: Among
the leading Socialist writers, opinion is
divided. Charles Edward ~ussell is out
flat-footed for preparedness. This has
shocked many of the revolutionary followcr·s of that highly popular leader. Joshua Wan 0
hope, editorial head \\Titer for the New York Call,
admits he is at sea and asks helplessly for the answer.
L. B. Boudin, whom Wanhope invites to supply the
answer, takes up the challenge and writes for the New
Review critical analysis of the position of Socialists
of America. Boudin, ih his article, says he tries to
throw some light on the subject and find a. position that
is .at least consistent without leading straight into the
preparedness camp. In taking up the position of Russell he says :
"What is the argument that Russell advanced in
favor of preparedness that has so discomfited us 1 If
we examine the Russell argument closely we shall find
that it consists of two basic positions: (1) That war
is inevitable; that it is of the very essence of capitalism to breed wars,- it is the nature of the beast.
(2) 'l'hat in the event of war it is the duty of Socialists to stick to their nation, or at least defend it when
it is attacl<ed. Both doctrines are supposed to be 'acJepted Socialist theory,' and the first one particularly
revolutionary. When the two are put together, there
19· no escape except in preparedness,-or in the clouds.
But if either one of them should prove incorrect, the
force of the Russell argument is broken, and we niay
perhaps find the solution of which Wanhope despaired.
How about them, then 1 Can either of them be safely
attacked by a Socialist 7 And if so, whicb 7
''My answer to this question is: neither of these
two doctrines is true, at least not in· the current or 'aceepted' sense, in the sense in which it is used in the discussion on war and pr-eparedness. This may sound
s .o·c·i a 1i s t s
~
and
startling, particularly so ~s to the alleged revolutionary
doctrine that ~B:i>italism.-competition-of necessity_
breeds wa'r. . And authority may be quoted against me,
as well as the fact that they are 'universally accepted '
among ·socialists. I will concede that they are generally 'accepted,' but I ' categorically deny that either
of them is either true or revolutionary.
"'fhe fact is that capitalism as such is neither war-.
like nor pacific,· or, rather, sometimes warlike and
sometimes pacific, depending entirely on the stage of
development and s.u r-rounding circumstances. The
salient point which is important . f~r us here is that
there is no inevitability about war, such as is supposed to flow from the very ·existence of the competitiv_e system. History proves conclusively that a highly
developed competitive society can get ·along very
nicely-and very profi'l:ably to the capitalists-without
war. I have discussed this matter at some length in
my book, 'Socialism and \Var,' where I have attem,pted
to back up my assertion with some proof by a reference
to historical events, and I shall refer the reader to that
book for th~ proof.
"'
"According to \Vanhope-and he evidently expresses the 'accepted' view of the subject-the purpose of war is plunder; and the danger to any nation
therefore naturally increases with its wealth-with
the increase of the amount of plunder which. it offers
to a couqueror. 'If,' says he, 'a nation weak in armaments happens to be wealthy, it is a fair mark for
more powerfully armed neighbors.' As we are a
wealthy nation, and expect to be even wealthier after
the European conflict is_oYer, some other nat.ion, prohably the winner of the present w.ar, 'will fasten a quarrel upon us so that it may plunder us through force, '
if we should remain unprepared to meet it in a passage at arms.
�'I
~ -
Preparedness means deprivation, exposure, hunger, 41sease for the patrl~t,s-proftts, comfort, joy for the capital~.
with such fate, but because a nation is threatened. And ·
in so far as· it lies in '.>ur power we must. dO' likewise
·by any other nation.
"Th~consideration of 'our d:uty to our nation' in
connection with the real dangers threatening it, _must,
ther.efore, lead us to· the following conclusion: What
'we are· realiy interested in defending is not threatened,
a~d wh'a t is threatened ~e are not interesteq in .de,
fending. The only ditl;iculty that remains is that
our ruling class may pursue such a policy with respect
to the matters ftaught with dangers of war, as to incidentally epdanger what we ar~· interested in defending. This d~fiiculty ·can be met by. th_e working class
of this country formulating, and consistently .adhering
to, a foreign policy of its own. An ou~line of such a
policy will be presented in 'our· n~xt '."
· Joshua Wan)lope, i~ the New York Call, tries to
show the contrast ·in handling the subject of war appropriations between the United States and Germany.
He makes an adiUission, however, that "perhaps they
'do not do these things better . in Germany, ' but at
least they do them differently." His article .follows
in part:
"The Executive Committee of the Germ~~ Socialist
Party has severely censured Vorwaerts for supporting
the position of the twenty Sociali t Party members of
the Reichstag who voted against the war credits in such
positive language that vo·rwaerts declares it will creare
'embitterments and party dissensions.' That paper
also protests against 'being read out of the party' and
claims the Executive Committee has no right to do it;
that the question at issue must be .settled by a party
convention.
"This, then, is bow the matter stands: The Executive Committee of the German Socialist Party, according to Vorwaerts, ·aims to read out of ·the party any
member who votes against wax: credits and appropriations and any newspaper that supports them, declaring sil.ch conduct 'un-Socialistic.'
"And over here the membership of the Socialist
P r e ·p a r e d ~ e s s .
"If the major premises of this syllogism be correct,
the situation would be indeed hopeless. It is evident
that nothing that the working class of this country
('Ould do, no 'policy' it could adopt, could in any way
prevent our well-armed and plunder-hungry 'neighhors' from looting us.
''Fortunately, for these blessed United States of
ours, and for the working class of this country, Wanhope 's pivotal assumption is utterly untrue. Modern
ll'ars are not undertaken for the purpose of plundering the conquered. territories, but for the purpose of
denloping them capitalistically. It is therefore not
the 'wealthy '- capitalistically highly developed-countries that are the 'fair mark' of the rapacious imperialists, but the 'poor '-capitalistically ·undevelopedcountries. China is a much more desirable object of
attack for the prospective imperialistic conqueror than
the United States. If we. are ever attacked, it will not
he due to the allurements which our wealth will offer
to the greediness of some modern conquistadore, but to the uses to which we shall be putting our surpluswealth-to our own 'developing'· and 'civilizing' enterprises, which may come into conflict with the .' entt'rprising genius' and 'civilizing mission' of some good
' neighbor' of ours, far away from our own shores. • • •
"Our interest in war is not limited to the desire to
Jli'Pvent o1· terminate it as speedily as possible-it goes
hPyoud that. We must see to it that the teT,Dporary
Rt I'Uggle between two nations should not · be turned
into a permanent national struggle by the conquest by
one of the combatants of any territory wholly or predominantly inhabited by the 'nationals' of the other
l'<>mbatants. If, therefore, 'our' nation should be
threatened with conquest it is our duty to defend it.
nut it is our duty as Socialists, not as national patriots.
It is our duty not because our nation is threatened
�T''he Weate,.
12
Party baa declared by referendtun that it will expel any
Social.i8t representative member who votes for war
credits and appropriations.
"Where aie we at, anyhow1 Is it good Socialism
to vote for war credits in Gerniany and ntterly opposed
to Socialism to vote for them here, or vice versa4.
"Jf it is permissible in Germany and not permissable
here; if circumstances alter cases; then, -assuredly it. is
a policy. If the G·erman Socialists are to be a~owed
to plead necessity, then shall we be allowed to plead it,
if, in the opinion of the majority, the time ever comes
it has CO.tne to the mawhen it is necessary to do SO,
jority of German Socialists?
"Editorially, the Call suppofts .the policy, or principle- <'all it either name you will-of the party membership here. There are good and sufficient reasons
for its support, regardless of the question of policy or
principle. It is a position that is ·amply justified by
existing conditions. But, nevertheless, upon those who
insist upon its being an immutable, essential principle
of Socialism rests the responsibility for any future 'embitterment and party dissension,' as Vorwarts calls it,
that may arise from such insistence. The fact, too, that
the 'embitterment and party dissension' in Germany
thut th e Vorwaerts foresees is based on exactly the revcr·se position that we have here should determine us
to go slow and carefully consider. We cannot logically
commend or excuse the action of the party majority
in Oct·many and at the same time logically condemn and
denounce the views of such Socialists as Ghent and Rus11 and those who agree with them, unless we admit
that . the whole ·controversy is over a policy and not a
principl . And Jet no one suppose that those comrades
nr·c too dense to perceive the contradiction and press it
upon us. 'rhey will assuredly point out that 'reading
out or the party' is a double-edged sword that cuts
hoth wa.vs-one way in Germany and the opposite way
h 'r '· And trouble li s in the fact that they cannot
b r fus d; that matters are actually shaping them<')v s a they ay. Vorwaerts declare that a party
on ention d aling with this
ru ial qtw tion i needed in
rmany and the suggestion .
that it i al o ne ded here may
not be a.ltog th r out of place.
as
It. will be very difficult, if not nn
·ble, .to old
in Germany now but no u h diftieul
here. • • . ..
In contradiction to the German poli
De says:
"As a. ~alist I ean very sincerely
ret tha
any Socialist in Europe hould have voted on dollar
.toward 'a war Jlppropriation. Of course ven at thi
d~tance we: ean a.ppreQiate that the e men, our broth. ers in the warring ~ountrie ' . tood in the mid t of
-tremendous pressure: But it would hav b n b tte~
they had chosen to stand like a tone wall in
the midst '()f just such pres ure and told their · o
trymen that not one d.o llar would they ote for wa
purpose's. -To ~y mind they hould have maintain d
their international standing."
.With the slogan of "Refu to B Confu · d "
George R. Ki,rkpatrick writ a tinging arti 1 in -th
New York Call :
''As lmig as the wo~:king class can be eonfus d
and tricked intti the pitiful attitude and condition of
political infant and intellectual suckling, it will b
flatter.ed, crushed and robbed in times ·of peace, and
will be flattered, bled and robbed in times of war. In
the present war, and in the 'next war,' an.d in th
class war, the . only thing the capitalist class sincerely
fears is a working class too cunning to fight for a
civilization which the wo.r kers are shrewdly kept too
ignorant and busy to . keenly, deeply and comfortably
enjoy-a working class too cu~ning to bleed its If
into pale-faced stupidity, licking the boot that kicks
it, while it yawps patriotism and wallows in its own
ignorance and poverty, from which ignoran e and
poverty the working class can never escape while th
mling class is 'preplfred.' • • •
"Look at Europe and learn what 'prepar dness '
prepares for. J...ook at Colorado and Calumet and
West Virginia and learn what 'preparedness' pr par ll
for. Look, _also, with very special care, at the unholy
brutality and cunning of the assassins of the sa r d
rights of freedom discussion,
and you will surely realize
that the 'preparedn ' of
militarism leads straight. on
to the lynching of 'liberty. "
rr
�13
P reparedness
at
REPAREDNESS
at
By R. K. WILL I AM S
used for the cobbling of the irrigatLlano is taking on a
. ing ditches. Water from the Big
substantial form. The recent hea~ _fall IWck is allow~d to run over the land at the present
of snow wet the ground to a considerable time in 9z'der ·to store moisture in the soil.
depth, thus helping t o prepare the land , - ·on January )0 and 11, the University of· Califorfor spring planting. Nature herself is. nia .. held an: ·mstitute !lt Llano. Three. well-known
conspiring to prepare proper conditions speakers· from :the .cq~lege extensu~n course delivered
~:=;;;;;;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil
here for ideal living. Practically since the l~ctures to a big and · interested audienc~for nearly
first of the year, in common with other portions of all of· th~ ·ltudience were farmers or ne·ar farmers.
l 'alifornia, Llano has been subjected to a variety of
in the aft rn06n of the tenth, Dr. Bryant spo~
we at her. Beginning on New Year ~s Day more than on the raising of hogs. . Hle covered the ground thortl'l1 inches o snow fell and filled the mighty gashes
oughly and gave .some very valuable suggestions. · As
in the
untains many feet deep. Following the soon as pr.actlcable, . they will be put into effect. ;He
snow a e a three days'' rain, thoroughly soaking the ju~ged ,sev.eral of t he. stock and reported favorably
!!ro nd to a depth of several feet. · At the tail end on the breed 11-nd their condition.
or the rain snow again came and the foothills were
Following Dr. Bryant, Dr. Cady spoke at consid<·ovrred with flakes, which was r efreshing and en- erable length· on ~o·g cholera, its origin, symptoms and ·.
couraging to the colonists
t reatment. The doctor delocated in the plain be1ow.
scribed the . system of immuThe tent city sturdily
· nization and told how virus
stood the heavy snow and
was produced that would in a
rninfall and not a great deal
large measure prevent hog
of inconvenience was occholera. Dr. .Cady said that .
casioned. There was some
hogs suffering from this
wl't t ing of bedding and the
d,read scourge inust be aeglike, but on the whole · the
regated, as the excreta from
trnts and adobes stood the
the diseased animal carried
unusual soaking, very well,
the infectio~. ·
indeed.
In the evening Dr. BryTwo or three of the unant again spoke on the -relafinished adobes, that were
tion of the university . to the
wholly exposed to the incespeople and described at insant snow and the following
teresting length the methods
dr ~ n c hing rain, melted down
employed in its agricultural
in part. On account of the
experiment stations.
His
uncertainty of the weather,
talk brought the people
probably these will not be
closer to this great, helpful
rt'PC'ted. The laundry building, quite a commodious · organization. Dr. Bryant left the next day for the
structure, was partly wrecked, but no damage done north.
t<t the machinery or the boiler that was already inOn January 11, Prof. Thomas Forsythe Hunt, dean
stalled. The building was ready for the roof, and of the College of .Agriculture at Berkeley, came and
hall the roofing arrived ten hours sooner the l()Ss after going over the ranch gave a most ins~ructive
of the walls would have been avoided. Immediately and interesting lecture on horticulture and its allied
Wot·k will begin on fixing up the place and shortly
parts.
th,, laundry will be in actual operation.
Mr. Hunt was much impressed, indeed, with the
Pruning in the orchards has been completed. The growth of Llano and assured the colonists that the
tri'<'S now present a shapely look and will bear accordhelp of the university was always available. He said
in!! to orders, so to spe~k. Stones in the Bixby orch- that under the conditions ruling_here, he did 'not feel
ard have been raked up in piles and are being hauled that there could he much more done than there had,
to 'he various low places in the fields, in the roads and and t hat the method used was practically in accordalt ·ng the ditches, where many of them have been anee with the best judgment r eceived from experi-
r------- --------;._,-----,
�i4
T k e · W e tt t e r·n
eom r a d e
Crew Making Adobe Brick at Llano de1 Rio · Comm\niity
mentation at the y;uious stations throughout the
State. Assuring us of a desire for further intimacy
with us and our project, he departed the n ext day fot·
the north.
The colony has been mu ch enriched by the presence
of these practical men, who .arc in constant close touch
with the various experiments going on throughout the
western part of the United States. 'l'hc Llanoites appreciated the effot·ts made in coming here: H. L. Dawson of the horticultural department was instrumental
in bringing the institute to fruition. A more diversified
and largct· institute is promised for next year.
\V. E. Foot·c, who <·ame more than 600 miles to
demonstrate his ability as a tanner of hides, by using
his own pt·orcss, has more than made good. ffjs work
is little less than wondet·ful. The manner in which
it was done, the shortness of tim e r equired and the
quality of leath er turned out cannot be excelled. The
results of his work arc on exhibition and afford a most
pleU4ing sight. Rabbit hides were tanned to the softness, almost, of a handkerrhief; calf, cow, bull -and
horse hides also were tanned. It now remains to de'\\'elop an industt·y worthy of attention in this d epartment.
Comrade Wright of Fresno arrived in the colony
and following him come his looms. Wright is a carpet t·n g weaver. He mal>es rugs of all descriptions and
soon the clirk of his loom will he heard in th e
colony.
Work on the ranch has been somewhat retarded.,
owing to the inclemency of the weather.. However,
when weathrr ronditions permitted. t la• thirty horse-
power caterpillar was put to workhauling three Fresno
scrapers of unusual size, leYeling land. Its work was
most efficient and did a fine job on the Hubbard place.
lt takes four ~ to !tandle the caterpi11ar and attendant scrapers which are attached. The wor.k done
is highly efficient and docs a,\·ay with a great deal of
horse power, and the use ·of a whip is not n ecessary.
F eed the thing plenty of distillate and it. is an everr eady slave.
In addition to the farming r equirements the caterpillar is being used to haul freight from Palmdale.
It easily hauls fifteen tops, loaded on trailers. The
roads between here and Palmdale are well packed, exl'rpt in the wash of the Big Rock, and good time can
be made.
'l'he Hart-Parr tractor has been brought in from
<·learing operations and is b eing carefully overhauled.
It soon will be put to other work in the fields and in
its stead a donkey engine will be placed.
New arrivals at the rabbitry keep the census taker
husy with prncil and tablet: Quite a number of tanned .
hid es r epose in th e rabbit playroom, and many uses
c·an be found for· these. Muffs, coats, gloves · and
finishin gs for ladies' cloth es can be made from these
hides.
About eighty-fin.• cows are being milked daily . . The
young stock and dry cows are now on the Hubbard
place, grazing. Th e milk has fallen off som·e what
nnd the butter has declined about fifty pounds p rr
week The ct:eamery is making 360 pounds of butter
weekly.
~
Visitors anrl r egular paid-up memhcrs continue to
�The Western Comrade
arrive so that the hotel and housing conditions generally are constantly overtaxed. Great efforts are being made to arrange tent home for incoming regular
members. Transportation has held this phase back
somewhat. Since the last appearance of this· magazine over~ 275 visitors registered at the hotel. The
dining-room seats between 130 and 150 r egular diners,
now. As fast as possible, families are being "Shifted to
their own places f.rom the hotel, thus relieving to a
large l'Xtent the onus of food preparation in the
kitchen.
The sanitary condition of the colony i-s good. The
sanitary department is work.ing out some excellent
iticas that in a large measure obviates the n ecessity of
piping the place for water. Drops arc being 'made in
th e dornest i<' ditches so that l'oxcs to stor·e the water
a re not nPerssary. The running watl'r falling into a
drop is ahntys fresh. Toilets of an improYed. nature,
and sanitary in every featurr, are rapitlly being insta lied.
"\ rr cw girl arrind at the Ghrrling home on tlamia ry 8 and made happy t he hearts of father and mother.
Dr. DN!Urr, with nurses. officiatrtl at th e momentous
event.
\\'ork rapidly is progressing at the lime kiln . The
kiln is to he up to date and built most soli.dly. A
rahle stretcherl across the canyon carries the basket
to th e top of th e kiln and an automatic lock dumps
the contrnts straight into the fiery pit beneath. A
mountain of CJuicklime rock and hydraulic lime is close ·
by. Enough lime is in sight to last fifty years. In fact,
this eolony dould blast an.d dig for ages at the lime
15
formation without sounding its depths or exhaustin~
its supply. Quite a camp is to b~J established at Bobs
Gap, where the kiln is located, and a regular force
men will be kept there.
A wee~Jy newspaper has been started in Llano. It
is_xead from the platfor.m on Sunday nights : and affords instruction, :ente~tainment and amusement to
the colonists. A big a]ldience always assembles for
its reading: This . metqod ·of purveying the news will
be . contmued until' the presses and printing paraphernalia, now ip Los Angeles, ani b~ought here and power
is furnished. A bi~:t.· iield is presented at Llano and
('Ontributions arc r eqt\ested from everyone and considered before heing r ead. The · starters of the enterprise
are proud o.f their ·efforts, and co~fidently predict the
growth of the Llano Weekly until it reaches all the
installment members of the colony and receives a circu·lation among radicals th~oughout the State. To A. A.
Stewart belon.g s the honor, .or dishonor·, as the· case
may .hr, of artually starting tht> JH'\YSpaper·. ·with him
as eolahorcrs are J . J . J;esl'ic antl Robert K. Williams.
'!'h e present staff ~,· ill he greatly augmented in the
nrar future, and ·esprc ially when 'the printing outfit
arri,·rs. · Artist Kempf is doing Trojan service for the.
paper and has hopes," indeed, for its future.
D<'spite ad \'Crse criti cism, most of which has been
hasrd upon misinformation aml a la <·k of underst1;Lnding of the things we are tr·ying to do here, the .colon-·
ists are going on serenely with t.hei1· work. There is
little n ervousness over the outcome of the co-opernti,·c proposition. Parctical farmers-men who ·h ave
of
(Continued on Page 26)
Men In Foreground "Turnt!lg" Brick In Sun Drying Process.
·
�~
......
.
.
. .
.
.
.
PREPA1
�\
, I
ESS
Dt:lltD11 for Th.e Wutem Comr44# b)' M . A. IS.Impf
�1S
The Western Comrade
ethod vs tbe Old. Formerly four horses and one man were nsed tn · ievellng and acraplng tbe
lnnd at Llano. Today four men with three unusually large scrapen attached to a caterpillar, .erape and
lt>\' el the land with Incredible peed. In lead of the wblp Is used a throttle. Tbls tractor is capable of haulIn!! tiht>en tons of freight loaded on trailers. It is also a true co-ouerator, In that It doe. not eat eseept
when •orldng. The aho~e eenes 1rere taken within a stones throw of be community's new toWlJSlle.
�Architects' Drawing of Proposed School to Be Erected on. New Townsite at Llano.
Th eory
an d
s0
benefit. lie may find himself hopelessly out ·of place were he to .a~
tt>mpt it. As the painter of flowers may fail to portray faces with accuracy, so the teacher of Socialism.
often fails in his attempt to co-operate. · Again let
me t>mphasize that theorcti<"al kno\ylcdge is sometimes difficultly applied to actual practice.
On the other hand, we find the man who knows
hut little of the theory of scjentific Socialism who
t·aJ·cs not about the forces that move the scroll of his1ory, and he also has the vision, he only sees it in a
uifft'rcnt way. Our theorist sees a commonwealth
brought ahout hy eronomic forces necessitating the
downfall of capitalism and the triumph of the revolutionary prolPtariat O\'er the capitalist state in a final
all-powerful industrial awakening of the wage-worker.
It is his vision, his flower picture. It is artistic, it
contains much truth. Uultimately he may be right;
Socialism may come that way, but it is not in sight.
The prohlcm of life begins with breakfast and ends
with death. Our theorists oftentimes secretly or openly
rejoice at the poverty rampant in the world, for is
that not a sure sign of the coming day of the god economic coercion 1 I have no quarrel with him on account
of his views. It is his picture of life. But I wish to ·
consider other comrades, surh as we ha"Ve at Llano,
many of whom know nothing about the scientific con(·ept of society in a i>cientific way. No more so than
the flower painter adequately understands the por-
By JOHN DEQUER
to copy fruits and flowers is snrt'ly of a different degree from
that rcquirru for human portraiture. The
;irtist is no less an artist if he excells
in one ot· the othP.r. It is simply a question of which subject his mind and hand
lcud thcmsc!Ycs with greater facility. It
is e\·idcnt that the painter of fruits must be familiar
with thr shades and colors and conditions of his subjects, as mneh so as the artist of portraits must know
l10w to trans<"rihe human emotion into light and shade.
What is t rur of the artist is tme of mankiud in
genrral, c·spec·ially when we consider them as organized for the. furthrrance of their ideals. Jn this asprct humanity teaches us new and wonderful lessons.
It hreomrs. f'lcarly apparrnt that intellectual conviction and the understanding of economic theories
learned from hooks, does not make a man an adaptable ut\_it in a collective effort. No more so than the
acquisition of artists' technique makes one an artist.
A person may paint fruit so that birds may want
to cat it hnt that clocs not prove him a master. It
()nly shows that birds are not good judges of art. Nor
docs the ability to pass an examination in Marx's economics mean that that person will co-operate or can
<·o-operate with his fellows in the , solution of present•lay problems in a present-day world under presentday laws with present-day tools used for collective .
c i a 1 1• s m
�trayal of human emotion. . To those who have a vision way, ·b ut not a ne-W social order. W·e have enough of
and see it and labor to make it real, they see the vast vicious and hungry faces now·; enough spiritual dross,
reaches of the drab grey desert stretched l>ufore their stupidity and intellectual degeneracy in the· human
eyes ; they see the silver threads of streamlets gushing world in which we move; more than enough insipidity
from the .d istant mountain sides and they know fro~ froltllack of soul culture in both men ~d women upon
past experience that by uniting their forces they cq.n whom sloth and i~orance, twin da~ghters of that old
turn the drab grey of the desert into wide reaches of hag poverty, :have· laid their heavy hands.
''We must not ·c_ontinue to breed them. We must
emerald fields.
With the eye of their Socialist faith they see the rear
says
t.he co-operator.
Give our
' a ..noble. rae·e,"
.
.
.
future grain ripen to a golden glory and meadow children an education and environment that shall
dotted with perfumed hay. They know by their col- recognize the subduing power of love, the tenderness
lective labor they can cause their p·o verty .to grow less of sympathy, .tb'e fullness of joy, the wideness of hope,
and their wealth to increase. They hear _ihe music of the strength of self-reliance, the heroism of devotion·, ~
the bees amongst the clover. Tliey see the lambkins the power of the intellect: t.h e lessons of self-restraint ·
play in distant meadows, fruit trees laden with blos- with poise that comes from a constant purpose in life
soms; the promise of a harvest to be. They see them- and we shall behold a generation dedicated and devoted .
to the social ideal. Not
sci vcs build houses and
tenant them; their chil"after thrones have
crumbled and kings are
dren happy, free, educated along, broad and
dust,'' but now. justice
the portion of their
liberal lines.
children and mine.
Their vision is not in
Children fed, · clothed,
distant times to come,
sheltered and taught
but now ; not for their
under social action and
grandchildren, but for
social discipline and
their own-the children
the discipline demothat are, as well as those
that are to be. They
.cratically controlled.
take their comrades by
Not all artists are
the hand and say:
geniuses, so not all co''Com , let us pluck
operators are perfect.
down 'the vision h\lng
To· succeed we must
in air,' and cause it to
have plan and purpose
dwell amongst us a
to our system and a true
co-operator recognizes
glorious reality. Today,
Some of the Calves at Feeding Time
as far as in us lies, let
these facts. There is no
place for violent or mad
us enjoy the vision concretely ourselves." Are they less seers of the final men in co-operation. Their logical place is in the intruth than the others? No, they co-operate now for dividualistic world.
present material well being and let others speculate
As mankind look upon sculptor for form alone,
while they do it. They may repudiate the materialism so many of my comrades look upon Socialism for
of the economist, but they apply themselves materially. speech alone. They form a kind of a mutual criticism
TAe economically sound comrade will deride them association which has . a tendency to become narrow,
as idealistic dreamers, but he only applies himself ideal- bigoted, parading forms of broadmindedness but lack¥tically. We should not smile, life is full of such cor:- ing the substance. \Ve have in our locals too often
ttadictions. In the case of the true co-operator h1s become economic puritans. We have given a sectarmetaphysics is a delusion. With a socalled scientific ian character to our propaganda that reminds one of
Socialist his materialism is a sham and no sincere mind our puritan forefathers who whitewashed everything
finds pleasure in shams. Herein lies the weakness of about their churches until it seemed that whitewash
was an article of their faith.
our social propaganda.
Oftentimes our scitntificos, our industrial comrades,
The austere sameness got on the nerves of the
would say, "But you have to starve them to it; hunger younger generations and they r eacted against puritanwill drive them- hit them in the tummy." But these ism in religio~ Today we have the same spirit deare destructive ideas. You can form a mob in that veloping in the Socialist Movement. I meet many good
�The Western Comrade
21
Herd of Holsteins and Jerseys on Way to Dairy Barn to Be M;!lked.
~----------------------------------------~------------------~
~·omrades who are irreligious puritanical. Mankind in tors, but they who' come to realize the ideal as they
111ass cares but little for abstract doctrines. They do see it and are. willing not only to talk but to work
not delight in over-doses of intellectualism. They for its realization in bringing the vision down to ·earth,
would rather hoe a desert into bloom. That is why I come because realizatioll' is not lost but is enlivened
find it easier to get a thousand dollars from a comrade, and beautified in the material creation.
Each achievement ·m· O\lr co-operative community
who has it, for practical purposes, than twenty-five
•·t>nts as dues for a debating society, oftentimes mis- is an ideal realized in part or in full as the achie:ve•·allcd a local. He would rather help build an indus- ment is perfect or imperfect. . Of course there are . a
trial enterprise than to intellectually understand why few human imperfections. That is natural. Even
the work e; does not pay taxes or whether he is robbed Raphael's gre.at masterpiece, ''The Transfiguration,''
is marred in its matchless beauty by the introduction
as a pt·oducer or a consumer.
To build his own house or till his own field and tend of a monk, but at Llano, as in the picture, the eye
his own flock with his comrades-that to him is reli- quickly leaves the discordant features for the lovelier
vision. We forget the flaws• in detail as we behold
~-:ion, worship and love. If the actual sight of co-operation does not inspire you with zest for its extension, the masterpiece of mountains, plains and sky-the
do not join it; it is not for you. For Llano is located work of that artist, Nature.
We overlook human bickerings as we ·stand enin the desert and to him . who can see her possibilities
shP holds out great rewards, but it is knowledge of raptured before human .achievement. The desert, the
agriculture and business that gives one the grasp of terror of the individual, becomes the co-operators''
th (· possibilities. Her strength is hidden in the unde- prom'i sed land. But there is no use for me to try to
describe it; all I can do is to
,... Joped character of her reparaphrase
a famous writer.
1
sources. Her faults are apWere·
I
to
paint
a picture of
parent to all. That in itself
Llano's possibilities I should
is !,',blessing, for it causes a
require the grace of a Raman\ with a weak heart for
phael, the color of a Titian
the battle to retire and enand the variety of a Turner.
lists chiefly the willing,
I w<>uld need an audience .
the understanding and the
of true co-operators, then I
strong.
might · harmopize them ail
They who do not come for
into a vision of a movement
the Four Dollar wages alone;
that
presages the coming of
1' 1lr the eight-hour day, nor
Construction Work on Laundry
a better age.
t 1.e freedom from bill collec-
�The We 8 t e fon Go m ra de
H u m p e t .y
D u m p e t y
UMPETY
Old Humpety Dumpety demands
By ERNEST WOOSTER
DUMPETY
some r'e turn.
D ONE into >Agtlme verse by 8
(He's as suave and . as crafty as ever
Sat ·on the wall,
scab member of the Irra- ·
T h i s Humpety
tional Union of "near potes.'' ·
• you 'II meetAll rules of the union regarding.
H ·
t
1·
·
II b
h
Dumpety fat,
meter, rhyme, etc., disregarded.
.:u.mpe Y IVes on a wa , ut t at
Guileless
an d
-...
wall is \\' all Stre.e t.)
13mirking he sat'' :Oly land, boys, you 'r.e low; I should think you
lie hlinhd bo.th 11is eyes in the
would · kno~
j ,
greatest surpris~
It is time you· produce<;~-I have paid you the dough ..
The first time he heard of the Jlalf BiHiou prize;
Though I don't mind expense you have sure got to earn.
TIH·u took on a patt·iot 's look as disguise
• ow frame a .good lie
As he wak<~cl the whole , country with clarion call.
Of a cursed forei'gn spy''It's time we prepared for the nation 's defense ;
Make it cleve~ · and sly,
()ur position weh a number of dangers presents; .
But be ·sure it gets by."
f,ook at Europe aud Jearn,
One editor worried an~ puzzled and frowned,
You 'II a lesson disccmThen reported the .Japanese hanging around.
Vou sec Uuclc Sam has just put some deep dents
·
But this was old stuff-his readlit the world's foreign tradeers, he found, My ];ord what a raid!
Wouldn 't look, wouldn.'t read,
On their business we made,
and wouldn''t believe
But I 'rn sorely afraid
That we 've gone just a little, just a wee bit too far;
And showed they saw through the
I,ct 's prepare for defense-but of course not for war.
intent to deceive.
"But ha! " quoth the scribe,. " I '11
Thus Humpcty Durnpcty patriot true
show how the Jap
Said "Com<', rally hoys to tl)e r·ed, white and blue.
An at'lny nnct uavy far greater we need, l'HEI' AJmDNESR' now let that he our ere<' d."
( An<l y'ou ncvrr would guess 'twas inordinate greed
Great sums he'll demandHut just list<'n elose nnd you 'II pick up a clue.)
Oh, yes; it's all planned.''
And the editor spread on . full many a page
Then Ilumpcty Dumpcty smolc his fat face'!'he lie with intent to create such a rage
This llumpety Dumpety didThat the whole West would say :
As off from the wal l he slid.
"Let us arm right away"l£<' <·ailed to his <·rt•w. to his t1·ictl men and true,
Thus did the editor earn his fair wage.
And whispPt'l'd his onirrs- th<'y knew what to doPor h(\ 'd had tlwm in tr·a ining for quite a long
But 1-Iump<'ty Dumpety eried for some more.
whilP:
' 1 Where 's the paper I leased
"Army ];<'ague! Nnvy T;rague; On,
1lllY men, onwa1·d!
~
Back here in the East?
Now lookee here, · Bob,. get this thru your knob :
"ITrre·'s a fat priz<' jnst ripe to be
You have got to produce or you lose your fat job.
sqnandet·ed.
That .Jap Story won't do--it is too far
'\Hypnotizr our· prt?arhing men,
away,
"Compromise each author's pen,
But you've got to come through-Mexico,
"Subsidize the pap<'rs then
did you say Y
ITa\'<' rt>pntations lnnndrred."
You've used that old bluff
Till you've worn it threadbare
Nobly thry did their work, and wellAnd the South needs that stuff
Money they spent and the editors fellSo just leave it right there.
Then IIumpety tolled the Liberty BellBut I 'w told i'ou enoughAnd it told the land RS 'twas tolled to tell:
Now invent a good S<'are."
'I Prepare for war! Prepare quick and well!''
�...
'.f k,~ t lJ:' !3 B t e r,n •Co ~ r a _f!, e_
·~
-,
, -~~ -~ Y
~~~~- ~>" .
The editor pond~red, chagrined
and perplexed.
"Will Canada do Y" he h~zarded n.ext.
But"Hu.mpety-snorted con.t empt
~~~~~-==:::!.for his pains
And mumbled something about "sawdust for brains."
_
.
Old Humpety Dumpety croaked from the ;all:
":\lust you always be sho-\vn 1 ·
Js your head just pure bone1
l\ ow I've been well impressed with that story out
West.
You must do just as well, so now do your best.''
And the editor squirmed and gave heed to the eall.
" A fiction I 'Il tell now, while Europe's embroiled,
or how it was planned we'd b~ easily despoiled."
:-;o he told in dispatches
or another fell plot,
And it really outmatches
1l'hc .Tap yarn a whole lot.
.
::>o he told (for the gold) of Europe's
·'
plot holdA preposterous lie, but a story that
sold.
'J'hr ronsummate liar
~Pnt his StOry by wire
How the Powers conspire
To rh isel and ca1·ve our weak nation to bits ;
u
D O·
n t 0
Lincoln Steffense that the Golden Rule is
T ELL
dead-Sympathy, helpfulness, patience, hope, the Golden
Hule-the formula for brotherhood-are dead; as
many years ago befell the gre11t god Pan-the Lord of
TJifc-before that man, conscious of his reason and
his will, took hold and meed.
If brotherhood is dead,· how shall we guide our
li1·es? By greed and violence alone? Or did he mean
to. eonfine the . hope of the ages to the few-his little
cin·le of the elect-who should take refuge from the
t'l'il of he day in a strong unity and purpose to stand
together for a higher plane of living.
·
For the few-how familiar the situation. How ine,·itable for every active group to stand for itself
al!ain t all comer . Whether it be a group bound by
. ome creed, or by some bond of common occupation,
tl11· refrain i always the same. ','Damn the sinner;
damn the public· damn the capitalist."
The Frenchman with his gift of words expressed
it many years ago in a brief sentence: "To und.er-
Calculated, it was, to scare .
us to fits.
The lie was the same, he had
just changed the name.
'Twas a gory old story he
managed to frame.
Th~gh the inventor. obscure
is unknown to fame,
Old Rumpety paid well
. wheq h!'l -put in. a claim.
Now Old llumpe~y Du~,Pety can drop hi fat grin.
He has won ·his desires.
He has started ·t he. fires:
..
lie has op.e ned th~ qoor. to thi new· god of war.
• oon thirsting and bur ting we '11 be tp shed gore,
And we're puffed up with pride fill W() 're sure we:c-an ·w in.
~
Prince Profit"~· the king.:.....
H e rules the .whole ' thing,
,..,
And a war he ~ill - bring
~
Ju t so long· as ~e cling
To the imbecile not.idn; as they do 'cross the ocean,
That preparing for war means insuring .for peace.·
(You'd expect you'd find better -sense among geese.)
Though Europe prepared and got into a· fuss
'J.'hey say it Will WOrk just- the Opposite With US. ..
Old Humpety has told us-be kDows what is good, .
Ro we'll vote the Half Bil1ion as good·children should.
0
.t
h
e . .r
s
stand everythirig is to forgive everything." The count-.
less theories and exclusive orgimtzations which have
divided and still divide men are all various forms o.t.
misunderstanding. The sectarian is trained to believe
that the man who does not accept his · teaching is
wicked. The environment of the aristocrat reeks with
the idea that the "proletariat" is a misguided and ignorant mass which must be controlled for its own good,
and is just as honestly convinced in this jJidgment as
our comrade who brushes aside the capitalist as heartle s, soulless, blind destroyer of his brethren.
Until every human being recognizes the brother in
every other human being, whether degraded and blinded by money, or by ignorance; by too much indulgence,
or hy too little opportunity, no abiding cons~ructive
work can be done. Hate is a poison which destroys all
life. Nothing permanent can be established until it is
eliminated. All forms of hate are forms of blindness.
When you let in the light-when you es~blish the
Golden Rule-you esta~lish the joy of life.- A Constant
Associate.
•
~
�The Western Comrade
s
a
r,!!;;!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ HEN
f
e
t
N
y
:ay
e
Mrs. Hampson
kinson 's red cherry table. "Mrs.
CLARA R. CUSHMAN
Judge·.Parker has the floor!"
Elder, the · Presidentress·of the Millville Ladies Amerman
"Ladies," l. says, "we must. not:· only change the
society, but we must drop the study of
Literar-y Society, says: "Is there any name of
new business to come ' before our society. A.merican'· litereh9or--'' Up popped Fannie -Martin.
today 1;, I got up.
.
· , tb_e pert ~.hlng-; ·before I c.ould finisli.
'; :'IT rs. President;" I says, and Ladies, · · "That's just ~hat l been' telling ,YOU. :My si~ter in
" I want to rnal<e a motion"to change the ·LQs Angeles says that name sounds awfully countrified.
ua me of our society."
·
She ~uiys literary ·societies are back numbers, especially
E\'l'ryborly gaspeu.
ifyou d:Ori't s~dy a~;ything but American litertoor.' J! .
.\Irs. llcHlgl<inson says: "T think it 's a beautiful we want to do the really swell thing we ought to studY
.the problE;ms .o f ou~ community.''
.
ll<IIIH'.
· · "Wbat ·problems ?" says the widow Steele. "We
" It 's so gpntf·el. '" -:'11 rs. Dr·. Bromley murmured.
" · ~too long. Always thought so," says the_Widow ain.'t .got. no· problems.''·
Stt!t-it'.
":VVhy," Fannie says, "like-like-- - "
She ·s a good-hc·arted woman, but such a cross
You should have··seen those women fall over themto om· sot·iPt,v. Sht•'s so unlitera ry. On ." Favorite selves to help Fapnie out. . Just because her husband
owns the Beet Growers '
.\uthor ' ' day sl1 e rrad
,\Irs. ]{orPr ·s r ec ipe on
Bank!
"'How to· make our
how to make minre meat,
husbands go to church,"
and at onr· last mPcting
sa-y:s
Mrs.
Dinwiddie,
shr brought a sat·k of
By A. F. GANNO.N
whose husband raises eelstring heans and strung
P rofits for plethoric knaves;
ery.
them all the time 1\T rs.
Rifles for revolting slaves;
i\ ttorney Peterson was
''And quit 'using toE ase for apopletic plutes;
bacco--"
reading her paper on "Is
Pittance for their sweaty brutes.
A rnerican Litera tme Dee''A!!d . throwiri' horseArms to qu ell them if they rise ;
ad• cing ?"
shoes on the Lord's day."
Rot to promise (in the skies);
· And Mrs. Attorney
''I'm against •it, '' Mrs.
E gress to a toilless sphere
Death will grant- if they''re "good" here!
Drnggist Pet·l<ins says.
Peterson, who is very inNoxious nonsense·Y Jot and titRhe is always against
tellectual, says: ""While
E very single bit of it!
•
pver·ything I say, just beit is indeed deplorable to
Sophists spout the stinking mess;
r·a use we don 't ag1·ee on
i:i
see
our husbands so lax in
S uch is real "preparedness. "
those qualities of-of-so
pl'edestination. A narrowminded woman , I eall her,
lax, we have even deep er
to believe ever·ybody that
problems than those to
dorsn 't belong to her church is going to hell! Now I gr·apple. Have you forgotten the wave of crime that
think you 'rc on the safe side no matter what church · recently swept our fair city Y"
''Shucks!' ' says the widow. Steele.
you belong to, unless, of course, it's the Catholic
Shucks nothing!'' snapped Martha Simpson.
o~ Unitarian.
"Mrs. President," I says, "have I got :th~ flo~~:·· "Didn't I have two custard pies took right out of the
pantry window where I set them to cool T"
or have I not Y"
''And a ham out of my smokehouse,'' says Mrs.
Mrs. Eldet· (I forgot to mention that her husband;
·
r·uns the Palace Hotel) rapped for order wit'Q the Hodgkinson.
sawed-off croquet mallet that the Ladies' Home Jour-~
"And a bucket of milk off my back .poreh,!' _says
nal sent her a prize of a dollar for, when she wrote l\Irs. Dr. Bromley.
about using the mallet for a gavel, and Mr. Bok sent
"Not to mention," says Mrs. At. Peters.on, "the.
her a letter congratulating her. He said it proved . pair- a piece of my husband's most intimate wearing
that lack of money made geniuses. :
apparel from my clothes line evidently with criminal
"Order , ladies; " she says, rapping on the photo- intent. And the criminal still at large preying upon
graph album so''s she wouldn't scratch Mrs. Hidg- society! ''
our
Preparedness
�T k e W e s t ·e r n C o m r a, d e
"We need 's tricter laws," ·says
:\Irs. Constable McCoy.
Mrs. Mayberry _C rump began to
![et -excited. Her husband ran for
t·onstable against. M:ilt. McCoy,
ll'ho beat him on account of being
a Progressive.
·
'' It's Johnsop's crw:y r eform
Ia ws that's ruining t he country, "
:\Irs. -Crump says. "My htisband
says so. Why I .just .r ead in the
paper about a man being arrested
fo r selling watered stock1 I call
that cruelty to animals, to make
the poor t hings go without water
just because it makes t hem weigh
a little heavier."
·'Cruelty or not,'' says Mrs. McCoy, "we got to uphold the majPsty of the law.''
'
.. :\Irs. President," I says," I been
"'aitin'' a long time. Have I the
tloor or have I not 1''
}J rs. Elder rapped with the mallet. "Order, ladies! Mrs. Judge
Parker has the floor."
·' What I want to say is, that it
ain't because it's stylish that I'm
making this motion. If I'm a back
number for studying American
literchoor instead of dangerous,
immoral, foreign stuff, all right,
I 'm willing to be a back number.
Th e Stars and Stripes are good
~no ugh for me!''
Here I got the Chataqua salute,
like we'd read about, from n early
all the ladies.
" No, it ain't beeause I want to ·
h<' stylish that I make this motion,
hut it's on account of my immortal
soul and Safety Next, which you
know is my motto. (Applause.)
" Ladies, that noble champion of
purity, Mr. Anthony Comstock, is
goue. Vice may now rampant
fr·rply t hrough t he pages of Americ-an Iit.erchoor, just like it rampants
nrross the great Atl11-ntic in those
wi(·ked foreign countries. How
thr u ladies, how can we protect
om·s~lves from tlie icy hand of vice
whirlr will now sieze in its burning
grip onr literchoor f (Applause.)
\ " IJadies. there is just one way.
Just one."
.
" What 1 '\Vhat ?" they all a ked
at once.
· · IJadies, " I says, "we must drop
th" study o.f Jiterchoor, until the
Lord in his infinite mer cy sends us
another Comstock. "
·
'' lt 's the only ladylike t hing to
do. " murmured Mr s. Dr. Bromley.
' Ladies. " I went on, "when we
25
recollect that sinful books crept
into our community unbeknownst
to us, even while Mr. Comstock
was .w.orking night and day to keep
our nation pure, what will it be
ia the only Magazine
no:w that he is gone f And our art !
c;f ita kind
All our art will now be without-"
" Don't!" llftYS Mrs. Dr. Brom- ..
ley, faintly. She can 't stand any- · This is why:.:_
·thing indelicate.
.·
:.
. Three years ago Pearson's decided to
" No, I won't," .! says. "But, l · :···be. ~ (reemagasine.·
.
make a motion tha~ we "drop the'
·
·
·
study of literchoor and study some-· This iS what it' did:thing that isn''t so dang.erous." .
·ABANDONED FANCY'COVERS
The motion carried una:riimo~Jsly'
CUT OUT COLORED PICfURES
because for once Fannie. and .I
' ADOPTED PLAI PAPER
agreed, Fannie because she· wanted · Thi.s -w.as the purpose:. ~to be stylish and myself · because I
- am a captainess in the Army of'. 'A plain form would enable the magthe Lord.
·
azine to live on its income from subscripti~?ns and· monthly ·sales. It
•" But I 'd like to as}!/'· F.a nny
says, '' what sinful books Mrs.
would hot have to consider the effect
Judge Parker is talking about? I
on advertisers whenitwantedtoprint
don t know of any sinful books · the·truth about any public question.
creeping in."
:rhis wa~ the result:'' Then I 'll tell you, ' ' I · says;
Pearson's now prints the truth about
''that poetry book you recom- · some question wp.ich affects your weimended as being so stylish.'' ·
fare in e~ery issue. It prints [acts
"Oh," Fannie says, tossing bet·
which . no magazine that dehead, "you mean 'Leaves of Grass!
pends· on advertising . could
I don 't care. My sister says lots
of nice ladies read it." But she got
'-'. alford • • to print. '
red as a beet just the same. She
And, with all this, Pearson'ss till pri.Dts
remembered how Mrs. Dr. Bromley
as much fiction and entertainment
read one line and screamed.
artiCles· as other magazines. If you
"G rass .ain't got no leaves anywant plain facts i~st~d of pretty
way," says the widow Steele.
pictures buy a copy on ·the news
"Shucks!"
·
.''And you haven 't forgotten'' The · stand· for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year for $1.50.
Jungle,' '' I says in a whisper, They
By special arrangement wi~h Pearall looked like they wanted to crawl
son's 'i'e are able to make you the
under their chairs. The way it was,
following clubbing offer,
Tommy Elder's school teacher told
Mrs. Elder that "The Jungle
You can get both PEAR Book '' would be a · nice book for
SON' S MAGAZIN E and
Tommy's Christmas present, but
THE W ESTERN COl¥!·
RADE for one year by
she got mix!ld up and got another
send i ng $1.00 to
book (!alled · "Tl1e Jungle" and·
hun g ·it on t he Methodist Christmas
The Western Comrade
tree for . Tommy. She started to
526 CALI F.ORNIA B L DG.
read it to him and had a nervous
L OS ANGELES, CAL I F.
chill. But the devil was lurking in
t hat hook, she just couldn't stop ·
r adiug t ill she'd finished. Then
she gav it to Mrs. Hodgkinson and
she gave it to Mrs, Peterson, and so
op till every lady in town ha9, read
it, except Mrs. Hawkins, the wife
made .into switches for
of the Methodist minister-even
one dollar, postpaid."
Mrs. Dr . Bromley, sensitive as she
is. And \Ve all promised we'd never
Wo~k guaranteed.
•
tell anybody, and I gue s that will
MRS. E. TURNWALL
be hel'd again t us on the great
Llano , C al.
Judgement day.
-:.
Mrs. Attorney .Peterson got up·.
PEARSON~S
your Combings .
I
�T h e - W~ster .n Comrade
26
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stron~·h ohl of Socialism.
It Is the
g reatest English Socialist Dally In the
It is a Mode rn Metropolitan
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"""'Ill.
Among 1\s distinctive featurPs are :
SOCIALIST NEWS PAGE, LA BOR NEWS PAGiE, SPORTING
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"Madame President, " -she says
l ' I was getting breakfast and the
it's more culture to say '' madam.e ," smell of the fried potatoes made
but I won't say it becnuse it's me· kind of sick, and J;;ucy bad bold
what those wicked Frenchmen say of iny apron pulling it, and little
-"Madame President, I make a Andrew kept calling 'Ma! Ma !'
motion that we call our society the And just then my husband says:
' Millville Ladies'' Improvement So- 'Mary; can't you keep .t hose chilciety,' tlrat being inclusiye enough dren quiet 1 I am trying to comto embrace whatever the· nam'e in- mune with God.' Well the Evil
eludes. "
.
'
.
Spirit seemed to walk right into my
."What 's t~at 'you sa,y"?'.' _asked . heart and put words of evil into my
the widow. "- ·' ..
mouth, and ·I said, "You let God
~ Mrs. Peterson scorned to. reply. : wait, Andrew ·Hawkins, and go fas." But," says Martha ~impson, t"en the back of little Andrew's sus" p eople might ·thin:K fi>om that penders!' "
name that it ~'as us th'at ·ne'eded'
Her lips trembled and she· ~an
the improvii!g instead ·of us doing·· · to cough like she always does Wl'1en
the improving."
·
she's excited.
"Maybe we do," I says, looking·
"And1:ew hasn't spoken to me
straight at Fannie, and would you since. And I ask you, dear sisters,
heliev_e it 1 That chit. was ·looking tonight when you say your prayers,
straight back at me! .
.
to ask God to forgive me and make
"Yes, maybe we do," she says in· Andrew forgive me, and make me
a better wife and mother ."
.
her nastiest way.
Then I glanced around and ever'yc
W e all said we would, all but
hody was looking at ·everybody the widow Steele. She said: "Huh !
else, thinking t hat the . other lady Huh! Huh! " just like a cross old
ueeded the improving.
dog. She ·has no polish.
" I rise to a point of order ," I
All except Mrs. Hawkins, the wife
of th e Methodist minister. · She is says, "Mrs. Attorney Peterson 's
going to have-I mean .to say, a lit- motion hasn 't been seconded:"
ti e stranger is coming to bless ·her
"I second the· motion, " says
hom e, the fifth . The Reverend Mr. ·Fannie."
Hawkins says every n ew bab"y-I
We voted and t he "mo"tion carried.
mean stranger·- brings him one . .Then we adjourned to meet the next
step· near er to the Great Throne. week at Mrs. Mayberry Crump's.
:\~rs. Reverend Hawkin~ says in her
I am chairman Of the program comsoft, husky voice-sh e always has mittee for ·n ext t ime. Mrs. Attora cold-:---she says:
·
ney P eterson and myself will have a
" DPar sisters. I want to confess debate, " Resolved, That Anthony
that 1 need improving. I am a Comstock Has Done More Good for
wir kPd sinner. "
the \Vorld Than Billy Sunday." I
" You!" everybody says.
have the affirmative. We will open
"Yes," she says, her ey es filling with th e song, " Wher e Is My Wanwith tears. " This morning I sinned dering Boy Tonight 1 Down in the
against my husband and God. "
T...icensed Saloon." Mrs. Dinwiddie
She . always has a bright pink sinl!s the soprano and Mrs. Sampson
spot on each cheek bone, but now Eld Pr the alto. All ladies are invited.
. her fare got pink all over.
Pr·e pared ness at Llano
(Continued from Page 15)
made their. living fr·om the soilare .sti ll· strongly of the opinion
that the future is 'brighter here
than elsewhere in the country. Of
course, to men who have been receiving cash payments for their labor each week, or monthly, find it
a hardship to not receive the envelope regularly. How ev~r, they
are coming to understlmd the mo-
tives actuat ing us here and ·adapting themselves to the conditions.
In fact, that is all that is required
her e. Conditions control and the
man and woman who can adapt
themselves find little difficulty in
getting along. It is unfortunate
that it is beyond the pen possibility
of a word painter to exactly tell
the truth. What is rhyme to one is
�T h e W e.s t e r n . C o m T·.a d e
l1lank verse to another. It takes
a vision to see this thing, as it
quir es vision of any farmer that
goes into the wilderness or the arid
plains and hopes to build a farm.
The picture is there before lie·starts
for his home. It may take a long
time to realize that ambition and
wany circumlocutions twist out of
fu rm the ideals and hopes, but if
t lte mind remains adaptable, backed
up with energetic work and entlrusiasm, it 's pretty hard to beat
that man.
;\lisconceptions often a rise over
thl' inattentive reading of an artil' lc. ~o m ew h e re, somehow, some.
one saiu ,that when the silo was fin i~hed a searchligh t would be placed
thereon that could sweep the great
Antelope Vall ey and the ranging
III•IUiltains for a hundred miles. A
prosped complained bitterly that
111isi nformation was being pm·veyed
IH·causc he did not find the searchli~ht. Ti e had mist·cad the story.
It mi ght be borcsomc to r eiterate
th nt th e Llano del Rio is an agri(·ultural JH'oposition primarily. It
is fr·om that that we expect to get
o11 1' living. From the success along
~~~ ri c u l tund lines will come our mdust ri es. Th ey will come as soon as
(·t.llrditions, remember, permit. W e
ll'i ll have a cloth es fn cto1·y, a tanninl! rstablishmcnt, a shoemal;ing
f•s tablishment of ma gnitude and a
big- printin g plimt. These will
•·orne all right, but they are not here
now. Anyone can see that it is but
n qu estion of men and material until t hese things are realized . There
is no discom·11gcmrnt in this fac t.
nrten m en think th ey ran do t hings
\l'hl'n t hey rnnnot. Experim ental ion oft n proves a r easonable
th(•or·y wrong.
The writer of this remembers
that when the truth ahout Llano
ll'as told to him h e felt disappointPd. He had picturrs of something
Pr rti rely different. Not that he was
told '~t·on gly, hut · long mulling
Ol't• r drenm had hnilded a city and
pt·opled it with phantasm. H e was
nlmost m11d to haYe that dream
.-haltered and be brought back to
~'al· t h by a fri end who had carefully
gone over the land here and reported that with hard work and
a lt>ntion to details the -people her e
would live in good homes, would
ll;, ,·e lei ure and could travel from
t il e Pxeess product . H e fomid
27
re-
(Continued on Page 29)
Pictures for PrOpciganda.,
Shoot Capitalism _
· · With. a·
·Ste~eopticon
Anyone can lecture with the .aid of pictures ; they . tell the
story, you point out the moral. P ictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They make your wor k doubly effective.
We tell you how to get the greate-st results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete infor mation.
W. SCOTT LEWIS·
3493 Eagle Street .
Los Angeles, California
Comrades,
-Get Back to the Land!
Splenllid opportunities . for homeseekers in former Uintah
lndian l1,eservation , North eastern Utah. Cheap land, ferti'le
soil, good climate, Socialist community. Government offering
unusunl cha nce to settlers. Learn a ll a bout it by sending for
sampl e copy of Th e Dawn, Socialist magazine. Write
Dawn Land & Colony Company
Myton, Utah
Announcement!
Tli e ·w estem Comrade t a k es pleasure In a n nouncing t o Its r eaders the
reducUon In price o n Its yearly -subscription rate from on e d olla r t o tlfty
cents. C lubs or f our o r m or e will b<l accepted at twen t y-fi ve cents f or each
subscription. Single copies tlv e cents each .
F or a short time only w e will furnish the f ollowing combination of
P earRon 's M aga.zlne. th e N ational Rip-Saw an<l The \Vestern Comrade one
year for $1.25.
Send your remittance today to
THE -WESTERN COMRADE
526 Ca.Jifornia Building
Los Angeles, California
•
�' .
The
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~.a
Entered u eeeond-elaaa matter at the
omee at Loa Angeles, -cal.
P<>t~t
526 California Bldg.,
~s
Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price - Fifty Cents a Year
In Clubs of Four Twenty-five Cents
(
Job Harriman, -Managing Editor
Frank E . Wolfe, Editor -
~
Vol. Jll
.Ja_nuary, 1916
No.9
"T 0
A:rms! Capital-i sts, . Parsons,
Politicians, . Landlords, Editors, "and Other Stay-atHom e Patriots.
Your Country
Needs You in the Trenches!
Worke rs, F'ollow Your Masters !, ..
FOI{ printing and distT·ibnting post-
ers with this startl ing r·all to
arrns, lh r· (•()I(I"IS or Aukland , N. Z.,
fin<·J Torn Bari<Pr *2:,o. 'J'he startling thin g ahoul this is thnt Tom
•·s•·apr ~ d llrr· " squirn•l housr.' ' Any""'' who would gt•t th e imprr-·ssion
thai IIJi ,; huJI<·h would go lo war·
would ll!' a l"air suh.i<·c:l fo r· lhf•
· · hooh,v hall'l1. · ·
11 was a vir·IOJT l"or th e laho r·it r .
\Vhil .. his littl<' i1ostt·r did ·uot gd
mw·h l'in·ulal io11 , <'I'Pl",v rwwspaper·
in 'Australia played it up hig- an'd
Tom 's hri ~drl id<•a got at· ross r·vPrywll!'t'!' with a ((' J'I"ifit• wallop.
We~t. ern
Comrade
T HE press ~gents _of capi~alism S OCIALISTS have always argued
are now mformmg their bethat the Government is unab1e
fuddled reade.rs that ·"unknown now and always will be unable t o
persons in Berlin are quietly ad- bust the Standard ·Oil trust or any
vising Americans to leave for other trust. The trusts are th.e
home, stating that the crisis be- natural result of industrial evolutween 'Germany and the United tion. Socialism demands that the
States is_growing acute and that a oil industry be socialized and dediplomatic break, with resumptjon ·mocratized ; that is, ·that this huge
of submarine activities is cert~in, flood of profits be wiped out, that
according to advices received her!l tHe products of the Standard Oil
today." ·
· . ·
· Company be produced for the ben.
Il'his is only one of their little efi t of those using these 'product.
wrath ·arousing scares which will' and not as a means of building
b~ om e an every day occurre_qce· huge fortunes for tyrannical money
in the n ear future. The patriotic -czars. r When the people get conpublic will read-and believetrol of the Government at \ Vashand then our masters ' · dream, · ington they will also get control of ·
" preparedness,'" quickly will be - the oil trust. Jt will be interestin!!'
realized.
to note how the old parties will
again solve this trust problem in
RIBBON counter Johnnies who this year 's presidential campaign.
compose the 111inois navy are
~~ ~~
proud possessors of the h.ulk of t he E VEH.Y true poet is inspired.
Eastland , erstwhile profit-making
Prophesy '
No-just under.Tw o
excursion boat. This ' 'battleship,'' standing', interpretation.
as the militiamen already are call- verses from \Vhittier,· half a cening it, star ts in with a grand r ec- tury ago:
OI"d as a l<iller. In the noble work "Love is lost and faith is dyin~ ; .
of destroying human life t he E astWith the bmte the man is sold ;
laud has a handicap of 800 to its
And the dropping blood of Labor
r·red it.
Hardens into gold.
*
*
!{'
~l'
A LOS ANGELES chicken picked "Here the dying ·wail of Famine,
Th ere _'t he battle's groan of
seems a pit.v thai the powJt> t' .
a hundred dollar diamond from
pam ;
towns arc placed in sneh isolated the cravat of a poultry show judge
.And in silence, smooth-faced
spots. Tt might he great if they and swallowed it. W e have known
l\fam~on
<·ould be operated in close proximity chick ens with a fondness for diaReaping men like grain."
to some of the resor·ts of millionaire monds, and judges · with fondness
munition makers. A r ecent explo- for chick en, but the judges didn 't
sion in one of these humanitat·ian i11- eat the chickens, nor the chickens THE MASSES has a prize press
stit.utions seut up a cloud of chlorine swallow the diamonds.
p earl each month. May we ofgas which quickly spr·ead and defer them one f rom Los Angeles Tris('endcd aud ucarly asphyxiated the
. bune and highly commend it fo r the
t>ntir·c population of the settlement. A BOILER maker of Wood River , blue ribbon. Undoubtedly it wa
Ill., by dint of thrift and fru- written by one of the little brother
gality,
saved enough tobacco tags to of Saint Swithin: ·
OHN D. lWCKEPELLBR has
The
Let us get right down to the
placed his stamp of approval on furnish a four room house.
bottom of that Youngstown riot Billy Sunday and says he wishes all piano cost him 750,000 tags, but the
ing, and if any "undesirable
of the working people could hear tireless one made the grade. Oh,
aliens" are found to be concerned
the evangelist pr·rach. That 's easy . that we had the words and the
in It send them back to their
native land without delay.
'l'hc foundation is rich enough to space to drive this lesson of persist
ence
and
providence
home
to
our
.finance Billy and send him on a
to ur of the H.oekrf'ellcr interests. vVe young readers.
" AFTER a long and earnest diswould suggest that he get fir·st accussion,'' this from Indiantion at J,;udlow.
L ITTLE DOROTHY had to stay apolis, "the United Mine Worker
after school again and when of America, in convention here t oT HE recruiting department of the she reached home her mother asked day, defeated a resolution to
amend the constitution of the orSeventy-first Infantry, N. G. N. her why the teacher k ept her in.
Y .. is ' advertising for young men
"Just because I talked in sew- ganization so as to exclude from
with red blood in their veins. Thev ing,'' answer ed -Dorothy, carelessly, its membership National Guardshave used · about 70,000,000 gallm;s " hut," and her eyes flashed as she men and the ~>tate constabulary.'
'of this pr·oduct for fertilizer in said, "I didn 't talk half as much
Just a plain case of being duperl
into a suicide pact.
Bnrope.
as teacher did ! ''
J'l'
***
* * *
J
***
***
***
***
~
�•'
Preparedness at Llano
te'on11nu:ed frll
P a,re 21)
freedom £rum n!IIanei wony
(·o"t!Id be secured here than e sewhere, om {amd tne but was blg)l
ti rs1. it had t&' be gotten ont of the
g-round. Though the andstone
ho pital, with its g,reenrooms, redriled floor and hurrying doctors
and nurse& flitting to and fro, amd
mi llionaire patients handing us
$100 weekJy for our good water,
food and attention, failed to matt:rinlir.e when be arrived, yet like the
tirst protozoa washed out of the
lw(>an 's oor.e and adapted himself
lo his environment, the writer retrH'mhcred his humble brother of
lht· f'amhrian fens and .tried to
ad apt himl'!elf to eonditions.
A Hplendid opportunity is offered
lwre for th(' man that is tired of
rhr "truggle in the competitive
world, providing that he under~~ auds that capitalism is still the
dominant thing, and that he has to
ntlapt l1im~elf to the conditions impo"cd by that iron-heeled monster.
WP are going ahead and · have ab~olutcl y TJO fears of the future. ·
mmre
Look, You Kings!
By Har vey E. We s t·g ate
L
OOK, you kings, from your
scarlet thrones,
Look, you kings, at the ~leaching
bones;
Sec the graves of the men who
have died,
If undreds of thousands placed side
by side.
Y ra, look, and listen, and ma.rk
the date,
B,·hold the love that is turning to
hate,
.\ud know full well what will be
your fate.
Lo , you kings!
Look, you kings, at the crim on
flood,
Look, you kings, at the rivers of
blood;
Hear the cries of millions of men,
Th ink of what is, and what might
have b n.
Y··a, look, and ponder, and mark
you well,
That from th tr nches of shot and
shell,
<:nns will oon turn and blow you
to. hell.
'
Look, you king
Ignorance is the Great
Curse!
DOl you know, !or-fnatance, the sclenWtc d.Ulerence "'-ween love, aa
pusion!'
:
Human life ill, tun ot hideous exhil)Jt& O! mt.checln . · due, to ignO.ance ot sexual normality.
•
. Stupid,. pernicious prudeey long has blinded us to s.e xual truth. Sd®ee
was slow in entering. this vital field. In reeent years. · commerc:t.Ua.ta:
eyeing profit& have unloaded many UDl!clenUflc·ancf dangerous III.S book
Now, the world.' s great scientific minds are dealing With thia subtect upon
which human happiness often depends. No J ouger i.s the subj:ec.t taboo
among intelUgent people.
We take pleaaure ln. offering. to the Am;riean public
the work of one of the world'a greaten authorities upon
the queation of sexual lffe. He Ia Auguat Fo.._l, M. D.,
Ph•. D., LL. D., of Zurich, Switzerland. Hla book will
open your eyea to youraeff and explain miny myater·lea.
You will be better for thia knowledge.
Every profeaaional man and woman, those dealing with social, mecllcal,
c:rim.lnal, legal, religious and educational matters will find this book ot
immediate value. Nurses. police olllcials, heads of public institutions,
writers, judges, clergymen and teachers are urged to get thl.s book at. once.
The f!Ubject is treated from every point of view. The chapter on "love
and other irradiations of the sexual appetite" Is a profound exposition
of sex emotions-contraceptive means discussed-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all In domestic relations-A great book by a great man.
"The Sexual Question"
Heretofore sold by subscription, only to physicians. Now offered to
the public. Writte.n in plain terms. Former price $6.60. Now aent pre·
paid for $1.60. This is the revised and enlarged Marsha~! English transJa.
tion. Send check, money order or stamps.·
Gotham Book·Society, Dept. 387
General DeaJere in Boob. Sent on Mail Order
142 West l3rd St., New York, N.Y.
Dawson's Dermal Cream
Prevents wrinkles, softens and beautifies skin. Removes freckles,
tan, moth patches and' all discolorations. Greatest beautifier of
the age.
One Ounce Jar 60c Postpaid
Prepared By
DR. ELIZABETH DAWSON
Telephone Home A-4683
HARRIMAN
& RYODIAN
Attorneys at Law
921 Hlalns Bulldln&'
Loa Ancelea, Cal
Llano, Calif.
Home A-2003
Jlalu 611
A. J. 8TEVEN8
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Room 614
Lol Aqelea. Cal.
�Und-e rwe
Cheapest Because .I t Wear$ Best
·Women's
Men's
Union Suits, low neck, knee lengttl, sizes 32
to 44 . .. . ... . . .... . .. .. . . . .. .. . . ... .. ... .. . . . $1.25
Union Suits, half low neckr elbow sleeves, a.n%le
lentth, 'sizes 32 to 44 . ...... ... . ....... .. ... 1.25
Under Vests, sleeveless, sizes 30 to 44 . . .. . . . ... .35
Night ~obes, sizes 32 to 46 .... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. 1.50
Hose, extra, wearing, black, sizes 8 to lOlh .. . . . .30
Hose, light weight, all colors, sizes ·8 to lOlh . . . .so
Undershirts, light '_!light, cream, It St to tt ..• .75
Undershirts; Jighi weight, black, slz :U to U .• 1.00
Drawers, light weight,' ~eam, sizes 30 to
.7S
Drawers, light weigh~, .eream~ siz s SO,to t4 • . .. 1.00
Shirts and ' Drawers, double fteeeed, gr y, alz a
30 to 4-4 •. . • •.. : • . . ..... ... , ... ... ........ , 1.25
Shirts and Drawers, Egyptian cotton, eru,
sizes :io to 44. _. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .... . ...•.•. . 1.50
u.. ..
Men's Hose
Extra. wearing value, black, sizes 9 to lllh . .. . . $ ·25
Heavy weight, black, sizes 9 to lllh, 3 pairs .. . . 1.00
Girls'
Boys'
Children's
Union Suits, sizes 20 to 30 . .. $ .50
Union Suits, better grade,
sizes 20 to 30 .. .... .. .. .. 1.00
Hoe , black. tan or white,
sizes 6 to lOlh. .. .. .. .. .. .25
Taped unions, answering
Union Suits, sizes 20 to 32 ••• $ .SO
purpose of a. waist,
Union Suits, better grade,
sizes 20 to 28 ...... .. .. $ .65 · · sizes 20 to 32 .. .. . .. . .. .. .90
Same as above, only betSportsman's hose for boys,
ter grade, sizes 20 to 28 1.05
sizes 6 to 10th . . . . ~ . ;25 to .40
Pure Wool Goods
Made by Wool Growers' Co-operative Mills
Direct From Sheep's Back to Your Back
Bli1 k a~d Grey Mackinaw Coat, length
25
lz s 36 to 44 .. ...... .. .. .......... $8.00
T rouser s, Grey and Navy Blue, usuai sizes . , , ,f4,00
Shirts, Grey and Navy Blue, usual sizes .. ....._a. __..
Blankets
Wh ite or grey, 70x 2 in~ weight 5 lbs.... . . . ... $7.85
Grey, 70x 2 in., eight 7* · lbs ...... .. ......... 9.90
Llano del Rio Community
ail Order Departmen
Lo Angeles,
California Bldg.
aka all t'.h
or
ney
~ers
payable to UaDo del RJo Com aDJ)
ca·.
�ELKSK
BOOT'S and SHOES
.•
Factory opera_t~d in cqnne.ctign
with LLA~o DEL Rro 'CoLONY
Men ;s lO-inch boots. $6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . ·1.00
Men 's 15-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies'. 12-in. boots.. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men 's Elk·work shoes 4.00
Men 's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . . . 4.00
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .... ........ 1.50
Child's Elk shoes,
5'12 to 8.. .. . .. .. . 2.00
Child's Elk shoes,
8'12 to 11 .. .. .. .. . 2.50
M~ses' and Youths,
11'12 to 2 .. ... .. .. 3.00
Plac:t~
:atocklng foot ·o n
paper:, ·dl'aw.t ng pencil
ai'Ound ·• • per ·a bove tl·
' ruetra.Uo·n. IPau A,pe
•ro:u·n·CI at line• wlth'0\lt 'C'INWln:g ttght. Give
tze
rQllilaUy wom.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elhltin Shoes are ligh,test •nd
easiest for solid comfort . and will outwear three paire
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines ·from ladies,' men 'a
and children's b~tton or lace in light
. handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost ·indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of tov.'Il shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and .state .
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES .DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Com.pany
5l6 California Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
.
'
�Gateway to Freedom
DEL RIO Co-lonists have made a
L l.;ANO
wonderful demonstration of success in
their effort to put a great theory into practisr. Here a group of theorists with practical ideas back of them hav~ establil\!hed a
community founded on equality and justice
and have made
•
greater
progress
in a year and a
half than their
most cheerful optimist could · have
hoped to achieve
in several years.
'rhey have nearly
8000 acres of land,
an abundance of
pure mountain water and hundreds
of head of live
stock and a large
amount of indus- .
t rial ·
machinery.
'l' hey have established a town of 700 inhabitants a nd are growing rapidly. Their plans
c·ontemplate a beautiful city with homes for
all their members. There are few memberships rernaining unsold and these are being
subscribed for every day. The price of
memberships is $1000.
Are you tired of the struggle in the cutthroat. competitive system T Have you
fought long enough in the uneven and all
hnt hopeless battle Y
Are you not ready now to join forces with
thrs<' C'omrades, the men and women who
have gone into this .co-operative movement
with the deternimation of making ~ collective effort to reach .the goal of freedom
and happiness and ·to show the world .the
possibilities and desirability of co-operative
action t N~rly all the desirable land in
.A:merica has been
seized. Almost all
the water rights
are held by the
· g r e e d y corporations.
Here is almost
the last · remaining
chance for an· opportunity w he r e
the land is cheap
and the water plentiful.
The colon is t.s
have secured an
abundance of water
and land, . and can
secure more land, as their control of the
water gives them a COII!-manding position in
their district.
This land and water need but the appliclltion of human energy to develop a principality in the beautiful Antelope Valley. It
may be the last opportunity of the sort ever
given to the workers. of America. .
Write today and tell us your age and occupation and number of persons in your
family. Ask for an application blank. Don't
delay. Thr step you take today may be the
oprning to the gateway to your freedom .
Address you r commun ication to
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
526 California Building
Los Angeles, California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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Western Comrade, 1916-01
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1916-01
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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v03n09
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/b1c15ae661d6064b3a8f141f7e22188a.pdf
e3cd577857054c3e17cc743138208be5
PDF Text
Text
1915
n. Fran· E. Vo fe. G. E. &Jw Fran H. War
D U..'7. R. K.
·: 11 m • }o :.epll D. Cannrm
m
�Llano del Rio Co-operative· Colony
Llano, California
Is the _greatest Community Enterprise ever launched
T HIS
In America.
. .
The colony ·was founded by Job Harriman and is situated
In the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, California, a few h()urs' ride· from Los Angeles. The community'
Is solving the problem of dlse-mployment and buslne811" -f ailure,
and olfers a way to provide for the future welfare of the
workers and their families.
N~;~ more commissions will be paid for the Sale of mem.
bershlps or stock In the Llano del Rio Community. Eve17
Installment member. should be a worker to secure new
members.
About 120 acres of garden was planted this :rear. The re.
suits h~ve b~en most gratifying. ·
·
·
Soc!&! life In the colony ts most dellghtful. Entertainments il,nd d.~ces are regulariy estp.bllshed funcilons. Bas·
Here Is an example of co-operation In action. Llano del ball, b,asket~ ball, tennis, swimming, fishing, hunUng and 1
Rio Colony Is an enterprise unique In the history 1>f com- . other sports_ and p·astil:ries are p(>pular with all ages.
munity groups.
'
S.everaJ · hundred-- acres are now 1D alfalfa, which is e:
It was ·established by Job Ha,rriman to solve the problem .. p~ed to. -run six cuttings of heavy hay this season. The
of unemployment by providing steady employment for the · are two· producing orchards and about fifty-five acres or
workers; to assure safety and comtort fer the future and for young pear trees. ' Several hundred acres will be planted In
old age; to guarantee educatiQJl for the· children In the best pears· and. apples next year.
·
school under personal supervision, and to provide a social
life amid surroundings better than can be found In the comsix ·hundred and torty acres have been set ulde for a
petitive world.
.site for .a city. rhe bul)dlng ·department Is making brlcu
for the construction of hundreds of homes. The · city will
Some of the aims of the colony are : To solve the problem J>e. the. only one of ·tts- kind in the world. It w1ll be bunt
year since the colony began to work !)Ut the problems that with the end of being beautiful and utilitarian.
confront pioneers- There are about 700 persons living at
There are 1000 'm emberships In the colony and over 900
the new town of Llano. There are now more than 200
pupils in the schools, and several hundred Are expected to be of them are 'subscribed for. , It Is believed that the remalnds~
·
enrolled before a ye-ar shall have passed. Plans are under wlll be taken within the next few month~s.
way for a school building, which will cost several thousand
The broadest democracy prevails in ibe management of
dollars. The bonds have been voted and sold and there Is
the colony'. There Is a directorate of nine, elected by the
nothing to delay the building.
stockholders, and a community commission of nine, elected
Schools have opened with classes ranging from the by the General Assembly-all persons over 18 voting. AbsoMontessori and kindergarten grades through the intermediate, lute equallty· prevails in every .respect. The ultimate popuwhich Includes the first year in high schooL This gives the lation of this colony wlll be between 5000 and 6000 persons.
pupils an opportunity to take advanced subjects, including
languages In the colony school.
The colony is ·org!ffilzed as a cor-poratio.n under the laws
of California. The capltallzation is $2,000,000. One thousand
The colony owns a tine he'rd of 105 head of Jersey members are provided for. Each shareholder agrees to suband Holstein dairy cattle and is turning out a large amount scribe for 2000 shares of stock. Ea{:h pays cas.h $1000 for
· ·
of dairy products. There' Is steady demand for our out- 1000 shares.
put.
Deferred payments on the remaining iooo shares are made
There are over 200 hogs in the pens, and among them a by deducting one dollar per day from the $4 wage of the
·
·
·
large number of good brood sows. This aepartment will be colonist.
given special attention and ranks high In Importance.
Out of the remaining $3 a day, the colonist gets the necesThe colony has seventy-five work horses, two large trac- stiles and comforts of life.
tors, three trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry
The balance remalnfng to the Individual cr4[!dlt of the
department has 2000 egg-making birds, some of them blue
ribbon prize winners. This department, as all others, Is In the colonist may be drawn In cash out of the net proceeds of
the enterprtse.
charge of an expert and It will expand rapidly.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn In cash.
1'here are several hundred hares In the rabbitry and the
manager of the department says the arrivals are In startling
Continuous employment Is yrovlded, and vacations arnumbers.
ranged as may be desired by the colonist.
'There are about 11,000 grape cuttings In the ground and
Each member holds an equal number of sharea o.
thousands of deciduous fruit and shade trees In the colony as every other shareholder.
nursery. This. department Is being steadily extended.
Each member receives the same wage as every
1 The community owns several hundred colonies of bees
member.
which are producing honey. This department will be Increased to several thousands. Several tons of honey are on
In case anyone desires to leave the colony his 1
hand.
and accumulated credits may be sold at any time..
Among other Industries the colony owns a steam laundry,
a planing mlll, large modern· sawm111, a printing plant; a
machine shop, a soil analysis laboratory, and a number of
other productive plants are contemplated, among them a
cannery, a tannery, an Ice plant, a shoe factory, knitting and
weaving plant, a motion picture company and factory. All
of this machinery Is not yet set up owing to the stress of
handling crops.
The colonists are fatmlng on a large scale with the use
of modern machinery, using scientific system and t ried
methods.
Are you tired of the competitive world!
Do you want to get Into a position where&very h·
work will be for yourself and your family! Do :rou '
assurance of employment and prov!Rlons for the future!
for the booklet entltled: "The Gateway to Freedom." Sub·
scribe for The Western Comrade ($1.90 per year),. and keep
posted on the progress of the colony~ Aa'll: about our monthlY
payment Installment membership.
Address LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, 924 Higgins bu ild·
ing, Los An~les, California.
�CONTENTS
l
..
Page .
Trend of t he H ou r ............ . . .. . ..... : .,.. . .. ,.....
5
By Frank E. Wolfe.
Soeia li sm Strik es Mi ll vi ll e....... .... ... . . . ......... ..
9
By Cla ra Cushman . ·
In th e 'Name of Ch ri st-Amen !............. -. . . . . ... .. 11
By Fran k H. Ware.
Solid ] vo ry . . ....... . : . ........... . ................. 12
By A. F. Gannon.
Hese ue th e Desori entes .... . . : .. . ..... . ...... . .._...... 13 ·. ·
By G. E. Bol ton .
Amon g t he Imm ort als ....... .. .. . ...... . .. . ..... : .. ~. 14
By E dmund B rumbaugh .
Ont> Big Pnion ........ .. .... .. ..... ............. .... . H
By .J. L. Engdahl.
Ll a no del Ri o. . ... . .............. . ...
. .. . . . . ...... Hi
By John. D equer.
Llano Colonists Ar·e Undaunted by Storm .... . .. . .... 18
By R. K . Williams.
Thi· W ond er·s of Llano ..... . ... . ...... . ..... . ..... ... 22
By Joseph D . Cannon.
Ca rtoonist .Joins Community .. . . . .... . ............. . . 26
Random Shots . ....... ... ... . .... .... . ... . .......... 28
CA R T OO N S
Th e Cross of Honor ................... . .. .... Frontispiece
'' Liquid Fir·e''
6
( 'hr·i stmas E ve
"'I
Th e
~[a l thusian
:J1iff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
An Afte rthought . . .............. . . . . ....... .... ... . Hi
I van 's Christmas Wish ... .. ......... .. .. ........... .. 28
i ~' ~;_ :~.~l
�Their Christmas Present
...
-c~
THE CROSS OF HONOR
\ntriotism, fathered by bourgeoise greed and hypocrisy, mothered by proleta rian ignoran\!e and
«ullabilit~-, brings nothing bitt poverty and misery to the working class.
.
-D.-.,.,. for TA. Wnurn Comr.uh
hN M . A . K•,.Jf
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
- -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - Devoted
Political
Action
VOL. III
to . the Cauee of the Worker.
Co-operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., DECEMBER, 1915
DI...Ct Actl011
Nl)MBER 8
~======================~7====================~====
Scene Taken from Top of Silo of LJidio d·el Rio's Temporary Homes
TREND OF THE HOUR
By Frank E. Wolfe
thr' '· Landsturm " for Amet·icau .
H cit it'S.comes
Th e "e itizeu police ,., ·will soon be in
laghan, who shattered sequ ence, continuity and
sense wh en they ·ut fin conn ecting scenes aud six
om· midst. There i · a widespread movement to indispensible title fl'olll a motion picture I exhihited
Pstablish a fon:e t hat can qnicldy be armed and set there. "Nothing but th e hlood of the lamh " was
to t he task of qu elling riots "in time of great dis- deleted because th e word ' ·blood " cannot go on the
aster· '- presumably such as th e Standard Oil strike s •·epn in Chicago motion pi cture theaters.
A Pitizen r·esenist phalanx was ca ll d aud Dan
in Bayonne, and othe1·l idJOI' disturbances. Fine idea.
('hicl)go plans a force of 20,000 of these volun- aud ,J E' rTy wcl'e rcn•l's ed by a vote of 39 to 0- one
teer police "reservists.'· H ere is a suggestion: lf noble. Roman refrain ed f1·om voting because "while
th e sto1·y clea rly was within the bounds o[ free
til{',\" or·ganize til e landstrum in your village, be
amo ng1th e first to '.'Ohmteer. Get on the inside. Get speech, it was calculated to n1·ouse cla·ss feelin"' be.'· ou 1· in~t1·uctions-and a gun. Show that you are · tween capital and J_ah()r. " Her e wa vindication
( JU thl' side of. law and order.
Remember West Vh-- and encouragement from a high source.
+ + +
0'(lia. ( 'alnm r t, Ludlow, l;aw•·en ce, Patterson and
;u.;y say thl' l;audstul'm will make for a
Ba:"onnt·. Cet on the inside!
'' cleaner, sa fe1.' nnd bette•· Chicago.'' Ilet·e 's
+ + +
HE Ltmdsturm will shine in Chicago. The regu- hoping it w,ill be (·lean et· than when th e u·n iformed
la1· force sometimes is inadequate. A great police- the rivet· district harness hulls-clubbed my
camet·a man away wh en we tried to get one motion
strain falls upon the uniformed body.
picture
of scores of Chicago citizenry s(lrabbling in
a
call
for
I once caused much disturbance and
reinforcements when I objected to the fine artistic garbage barrels and eating refuse from back doors
touch of patrolmen Jerry O'Connor and D~n Cal- of fish , fruit nnd ineat stalls.
.EHE
T
T
�The Wester n Com r ad e
6
N
EVER has there been
"It is many a year sin~e
this country has seen a
more concerted teamwork than that of the
propaga~da as skillful, as
extensive, and seemingly
American press, under the
· as · irr~sistible as that
persuasive powers of the
: which has been conducted
shipping trust, in its asagainst the LaFollette
saults on the· LaFollette
Seamen's
Law.
This
, Seamen 's law.
. . The average citizen
measure was calculated
who · r eads the newspato give to seamen on ship~
. pers glan,ces at the carflying the American flag
toons,
hears
political
the same rights of perspeeches, and discusse's
.sonalliberty and the same
the affairs of the ' nation
recognition of their citi. with his neighbor has
zen's rights as are granted
come to associate the law
to other working men. It
subconsci 0u~ly with every
was adopted by Congress
form ·of political stupidity
and before it went into
and moral · obliquity."
effect it was nullified by
The law will be repealed
th e interpretations and
. or so ame~ded that· profits
special suspensions and
dispensations of various
·. ~ill not be impaired.
. Protection of the workers
officials- all without war. will he annulled and,,
rant of law or justic_e.
,\rhiie there may be some.
'rh e fact that the meas"LIQUJD. FIRE"
semblance of safety proure improves the safety of
"Hello! Potsdam? Thanked your dear old .
visions permitted to relife at. sea has made no
God :Yet for your newest success?"
main, the measure, after
impression on those edi- Drawn by L ou i s Raemaekers
tors who have followed
Congress gets through
'
.
their line of inspired propwitll it, will be innocuous
aganda against the measure. If you want to know and labor will have an empty husk . There will be ·
the real cause of the opposition to the measure, ap- no .such fluke in the present Congress. Conservatism
ply your own interpretation through the law of and r eactionaryism will rule. I .. abor measures will
economic determination . The shipping trust wants find short shr·ift. Labor will get what it merits
to destroy a law that says it must have American fr·om the imbecile system which it supports.
+ + +
officers ·and crews that speak the same language
OE HILL was murdered in cold blo?d by the peoof the officers. In the Pacific, Japanese ships pay
ple of Utah. Joe Hill alive was as harmless as
their Orientals about one-sixth the wages necessary for subsistence of American workers.
the average preache.r of the doctrine of discontent
A thousand sophistries are sprung by the porno- with the system of wage slavery. Joe Hill shot to
"{aphic press. It were futi le to review them.
death becomes a ·martyr and his power grows a
Secretary of Labor Wilson calls the campaign thousand fold. Utah is, for the hour, the victor. Laagainst the mea~u re a conspiracy and he has abun- ·martine summed this ca.<;e most clearly: .
dant proof. Gerald Henderson, editor of the Har"THE MURDERER HAS BUT ONE HOUH :
vard J;f\W Revi ew sums up the cRse most cogently: THE VICTIM HAS ETERNITY."
J
�The Western Comrade
FORJD and a strange crew strangely reH ENRY
cruited have gone t o sea sailing for nowhere
cialist Party ! Suppose the poor fish that make and aasemble-the tin flivvers should .decide to be men! But
to do something, no man knows whf!.t. Some say what 's the use! General strikes don't breed among
he is going to ·stop Christians from murdering each · catfish. Back t.o Henry and· .his fellow pacificators :
other and that he hopes to achieve this marvel on
Th~y sai~ .a~ an. inop,Portu:lle hour. Why no~ ~tay
or about the birthday of Christ. If Henry hopes to here and pacificate the preparatio.:nists (ChristilJ.n
!"ivilize t he modern disciple of Christ ~e will have crew ) and the anti-preparationists · (pagans and Soto get closer than the average distance of the radio cialists ) Y Presently· our.patriot ic preparationist will
wave. He will have to get right up to the firing line, be manufacturing shells for home' consumption. The
and there will find chaplain and priest in frock .and next year will II!ark an · ~ra o~ high tariff legislaskirt, praying to God, on his natal day, to gujde and tion and the manufacture of. every .impelment of murdirec t th e shrapn el " that is now' before us and about der f rom t he bayonet to the latest p attern of riot
to be thrown " so that it may strew death and de- gun s for stt·eet and str.jke·11se. We shall spend hundreds of millions tp satisfy the needs of " prepared~ ~ ru ction in th e village wh ere the agents of ·the
( 'h ristiau king or czar may di r·ect . Henry will find ness. " Then we shall select an erremy. .This will be
!l peacefully in clin ed natio~ , bvt ·we can . soon goad
~ o und s an<l si ghts and sm ell s, th e honor of which
· them · into action.
The
lit• eoul<l not hav e found
poison press i.s already at
t'l'en in t he warrens of the
that. Next we will go into
poor of Detroit. H e will
t he business of breeding
find th e agents of th e vari an international · hatred
ous di eties invoking blessand . s)lspicion. This will
ings f rom the sky on the
mak e our sele<;t ed enemy
poisonous gasses nbout to
start on a career of prephe
poured
into
the
aration: · . Then we will
tr·e nches where t hey pray
have
greater reason . to.
there may be .most stranmore guns
manufacture
~ll atio n ,
sufferin g and
and
more
1nunitioris,
more
deat h.
fortifications and more
Henr·y is ha stening from
kill ers. Our "foe" will
onr· shores to bring about
be spurred• on to greater
a ''gen eral strike'' on the
effort and we shall be
battlefi elds of Europe.
to build more ships . .
forced
May we interrupt our
Simple
little nierry-gothought a moment to obr
~mnd
,
isn
't it T Where
serve that it would be "a
will it end 7 Tha.t 's easy.
norful joke'' ]f someone
Every Frankenstein monshould start a general
ster destroys its creator.
strike in Henry''s factory '
Pr e pare dn es~ will lead us
Not that he doesn't pay
where
it. has led th e namiraculously high wages.
of
Europe.
tions
Not th~ Suppos~ someEVE
CHRISTMAS
·
Ford
will
get no official
one should agitate for
r ecogni tion. He will re"Ah, Santa Claus; no fooling now! For us,
fr·eedom to belong to a
tobacco; for the ·Germans, cholera."
tul'll disappointed . The
labor union or freedom to
- Le Hire . Pur ls
fighting will continue.
be a member of the So-
7
�The Western Comrade
T HIS
mythi~a! or aetna~ foreign foe will prove a
most admirable stalkJDg horse for>-those who
believe with Taft . that we need many gnn.s ·and a
large standing army to keep down possible riot.> (Juring wide-spread labor trouble. .
,
To quote the fat one:
- In a nation of 100.000.000 there are liable to be·..
riots, mobs and Insurrections wh ich cannot be regulated except by the presence of an 11rmy_
·
H.r~ula Led is good! _,l'h~ r cgnlatimt at Ludlo'w
w;1s most t' tf•·•·t ivc and satisfactory to preparationist
lto•·k<'fl•llr r. • II" you want to get to th e rPal meat
of tlw matter, rPact \\" illi;nn .renn ings Br.v:111 's
11 ttCI'H llf:Cs:
that oppre si,-e taxes, war , p()Yerty and numer·ou~
.other ills·. are due to an exce 've number of babies
in the ''•orld. H e want matrimony discom:aged
and eou:rfoship aboli. hed. Reason : Tire· humans .of
the worl'd are reproduei.n"' .their kind faster than
they can supply .raiment and food.
He wants the· stork ' "-ings cropped, and would
111a ke ' ~dwifery a crime. Ewry pro pec>th·c . parent
or 1·an'didat ~ fpr parent hood should he f01·('ed to
pr·ove · in advance to th e · authoritie... , that h e is
capillll e · .of . npportin{!' a child . 'l'he JH·ofessor attJ·ihtitrs th e ·P.Ht'OJWan wa t· to the f t·•~e and ·uuJ'I'·
·tn1 inl'd Pou i·s•' nf Ei·os
in n~'l"lllt1U~·- Bnhes 'tu·ed
in Jo,:e mu. t go t'!Jr·
' kannoJl en futte1·. · ·
'J'o quote .Johw;;on:
Now, a new power ha s
arise n in the land and
demands control of the
The birth rate lh
taxing power. Jt. is th e
Germany·. for instancr.
pre par rs of prepared gre w so rapidly that
battleship
ness - the
the nation could not
hutldf' rs and the manu support its population.
facturers of munitions.
Colonl.es were formed·
They have been makinv;
and they grew. Th e
enormous profits supproducts . or . these colplying the belligerent.
onies had to hav an
nations with flghtlnv;
outlet.
Hence.
c·onmaterial. bnt the .Euro(]u est.
pean war must end
some time . . . and
B·a bies born to the poor
what wtll these conmean more tax es ou the
C'erns do fot· wate r melon -like dividends ?
rich , say~ this mo>~t
There Is only one way
erudite
one .
to insure 1heir continued prosperity-they
.. Hc•gu lute . ehildbirth
must lash lhis country
and you will have bared
into a state or' chronic
The Malthusian Miff
one o[ the pr·in ei'pal
fear, and then coin the
fea r into dollars. They
<:It uses of I It X fit ior1 t roualready bave their subbl e .. ,
- Drawn by l\1, A. K e-mpf
sidized organs setting
up a false standard of
Js th eN. Y. t.:. a hook·
national honor--the duelist's standard; they are glor-Iworm college? Johnson should not be allowed to
fying brute force. Thef are transplanfing upon Amerie\·aporate and die of dr:v rot in New York. lJere ii!
can soil the European tree of hatred which is bearing
its blo_o dy fruit across the Atlantic.
a great interpreter. Ilis equal probably has not
+ + +
A
U.I
~E, ~falthus,
aud. eomc f rom your burial
Vindication antl contit·mation arc toward
Prof. ,Joseph F. John,on of the Ne\\' York ninm;:~ty, who has tmned the Ir ick. John ·ou declare
N H'C.
been heard · si~ce John went forth rrying in · the
wilderness. R shonld crawl from his ca.\·ern and
join his neiohbors, old Ezry gkinclothes and ~tmuel
"ton ehatchet, i'n a dinosaur hunt on thf· palezoie
plain of Plattsburg.
�T
c ali
e
es er
•
rt · e
111
B,- CL
Uft,.X
ll~:rtlJa
"jfbJJ:hiJD. th~
Co•r
R~
wife of th..-
Jm•·dtnire ml"rchant, fi3id we oo.gb to in\'ttf' Hw ·.-if~· of bP brieklay£>r_ who i
"orl~i11~ "n the ne ·Odd F Jlow· Building, t(' j oin the llHh·ill JAtdi lmpro"~
tu •nt f;ociety, 1 knew tba in the name
of tf11· morals l,f our fair eity it '~a · time
to 8p ak.
·
" J'm a Cbrilltian woman , m~·
!rultl,aml Jm~'JJI~ Mfy dollar11 a y 'Ill' out oJ hi· ow11
ptw ki•t 111 Jm•p np thl:l miniHil•r·, S() I don't lik to knocl;
JJJJY f111dy, but il'K my duty tt t •11 you that woman j i., " I dwhd on 1111· word- "a :->ocialist. "
Widow Stt>1•lr•, who was ~;itting n xt to· Mrs. Dr.·
lll'llllll•·~·. ~o~uitl ; " Wlrut't:~ •'o ·iali~:;t. "
~ I,.,. , JJJ•, Hroml £•y Rhu ddcr ed. Bhc 's a pet·fect lad~·
Jor
" J,tutii?H," I
ffW
~;ays,
" '\\lt~n ~·ou
find -n bomh nntlt•t· YI)Ht hu.-hnud ·~ lnnk
f,•t•l 1lifl\•"''lll.'
"~fy ·j ler nev t., .' uid nn~·tlting nhoul liH•m u~iu ~
dynamit ,·' ~he a·ys, .. hot 1'11 writ ' nu.t n~k hl't' to
make ure: .1\Iy . i tcr . a~· thnt 0 01'1,\'t' l t'l'lllll'1\ ~hnw
is nll th e rage now in. the lndit>s dnlls, tnld h
~·
he's a • ociali t. ..., h ~ 11 Yct·· aid lw was It tlyuu mih•1·.' 1
Now when Fannie 1\[Qrt in snys u thing i~ th ' l, l
the oth r ladies :ire goii1g to do it if tlw r luw
risk tons of dynamite ot· cvcn th ir inurtor•tnl soul .
My soul comes first with me, and sA.ft'ty next, lnst.oo.d
of "Safety First." . I 'll nevcr· risk t'ith l' forth snl"
of being style, altl10ugh 1 'm ju11t 1111 stylish All Fn.unill,
for that matter, onJy not. so flnshy. And I'm strong
against anarchy, being the wife of .TuRtico oC th P IHW
T. M. Parker, who is also our· city lllHlm·tnk t•, s1ntiou l'
and furniture dealer. J knew it wonldn 't do nuy gootl
to say anything more, but I wn.nt d t feP) t.l tat lhnd
done my Christian duly.
"Yes," I says, J know ahout tlJiti ruun Alit w. 1f
wt·ote that . awful play. J would11 't lrtJmr i1 fm· u. million, but the initials are 'Mrs. '' . P.' "
Fannie giggled and ny11, ' ' ITow do you lmow 1111
much about itT"
"Well ' I says "as T'm ·en or for tlw Muin f.Jtr t
nickelod on, I always read the dramsti(: pagf' 11r f'lttr
metropolitan papc•· .and· thl're was a 14yllOJ'IIiN of th •
play i.o that: J read it before 1 knew whn.t it Willi, 'J'h •rt•
ouobt to be a law again t allowing sueh thingH in th •
pa~r to make 1adi
IJio b and t•orm.pt our hmot-enf
yonn![. And." J . y lookin • !ltyai •Jlt a J-•aflnit·, •• any,
way_ J nt>Tt>r lri"D for tb1· l.ook ;md 1lon 't kf'l'fl )t }dt) iiJi
tllf• op bf'tr of ht> pan ry fwliintl th1• r~tliJ,lWM",Y j!;11r/'
Yon bouJd han~ PrJ FanuiP'11 fat•e. U1;7 hired ~1'1
told ~~
Bro\01. b~ 1-ostmi r. , ant) •h~ YJld "·
you know Fannie by
~rrs. A omf'.ll' PciP.
lhen .d ha: IJft
1in'Gle llrirhd bOO
i didn •t lolltJw
..-HY -.riftEd uy .,.. 1w1 that ~n tw
. Ollll' fine UIOI'U iug,': ) sn ~-s . .. ~'Hll llltt~·
in
~
- :7Ab
�.}0
· T h e W e s t e r.n C o m r a d e
French novels. "I believe in beini broadminded," she I caught the name of Gorky, and I ·guess 'y ou. know·
about him; then of Shaw, and there in plain viewsays.
Mrs. Druggist Perkins, meaning her husband is a not even hidden on the pantry shelf, mind you_:_11cas
druggiflt, who always takes the opposite side to every- "Mrs. W. P." . I was still red from the shock of that
thing I say because we don't agree about pr'ed.estina- when I looked at the table and there, face down and
tion, said she was in favor of being broadminded, too, open so that the title fairly glared at you, was that
and inviting Mrs. Bricklayer to join our society. She unspeakable book that they've been playing at a 1os
said we could make sure of' her morals by asking her .,...Angeles theated "D: G.!". "D. G. " right in the same
to show us her marriage certifica-t e. "As. our town is room with that:l.nnoc\')nt child!
growing so cosmopolitan, t~o brick buildings now unI . hea~d Mrs.: Br!cklaye,r coming and· tried to pull
der course of erection,. and undesirable citizens liable - mys~lf together: She had on gloves and· said she's been
to become residencers at any time, I believe we might digging in the garden. Di~gillg in the garden! Wasn't '
be broadminded and still protect the f~ir name of our that the" way· they• buried dynamite ? I made up my
society by requesting every new .memaer to show her mind it 'wa,S .policy to keel'> on the good side of her.
marriage certificate. If 1\frs.- Bricklayer knows it is
She came to US, with both hands out. "I'm so glad
our custom, her feelings will not be hurt. ''
to see· you! I 've b'~en s·o lonely since I came to the.
·
Well, everybody thought that would be a fine idea, country."
excepting t hree ·ladies; first, myself, who said after all
"Country. ind~E)d!" I thought. "And with two
marriage certificates didn't tell everything> you had brick buildings· going up, and . five hundred inuabto notice the size of th e first child, and anyway they itants! " B'ut I didn't say. ,it. I musn 't take -chances.
better r emember "Safety Next" and think of the dyna- I gave her the invitation and she ~ajd she'd love to join,
mite; second, F annie, who said she didn't think t hey that she was . the president of their club in Berkeley.
ever did that up at Los Angeles; and third, Mrs. Dr. I asked what cluJ:>, and she said the Woman's Socialist
Hendley, who said even married ladies were unrefined League. The way ·she said it you 'd ha:ve thought she
sometimes, and that ought to go in the motion as an was falking about the Foreign Missionary Society !
amendment.
Just then we he~rd a step on th~ porch and she
Well, when th e society was called to order and the said her husband had come home from work and she
motion put, of course it carried, thanks to Fannie and went out to meet him 'a ria brought him in and . introher style. And as luck would have it J'm on the in- duced him. He walked up to us !iDd shook banns as
vitation committee with .W idow_Steele, of all people coolly as if he had been the Jl?stice of the Peace instead .
in the world. It was our duty to call on Mrs. Brick- of a common workingman. Then he excused ~ims elf to
layer and ask her to join.
take off his working clothes. I told Mrs.' Bricklayer
Her little girl came to the door, a ve~:y respectable as delicately as I could about our rule for new memlooking child, I'll admit.' I believe in giving the devil bers. I even smiled, but I was trembling inside and
his due. While she went to find her mother I had a saying "Safety Next." She looked kind of surprised
minute to investigate. I could see that Widow Steele for a minute, then her eyes begdn to shine and she gave
wasn't going to be any help. I p eeked under the sofa, a kind of gasp, and said very softly: "Yes. i see. I
but it had been swept clean, then I glanced around the ser. I 'II try to find it. "
room. The carpets and chairs were too expensive for
She 'd "try to find it! " I thought of that little .
a bricklayer's wife. I understand that's the way So- brown frame over the head of the bed in the spare
cialists are, .they squander their own money, and then J'Oom where my own. certificate shed its sacred light
expect thrifty people like me and the Judge to diyide over our home .for so many years, and I shuddered.
Mrs. Bricklayer went · to the desk and began rumup with them. But thet·e wasn't a sign of a lace cur. tain at thr windows and not a single piece of fancy · maging through the drawers. Finally she called to
work in the room, just a lot of books and some ugly 'her husband, her voice·kind of trembly: ''John ! John!
wild sunflowers in a bowl, and a picture of a man with Do you know where our marriage certificate isf"
whis~rs all over his face and another of a statue with. "What?" he roared in the rudest way.
out any clothes on, but quite respectable, as he was a
She went into the bedroom to explain. When he
man, all doubled up with his chin in his hands. I was came back her eyes were shining more than· ever, and
about to say to myself, "Awfully poor taste, but re- I heard a queer splutter in the bedroom. I hoped
spectable,'' when my eye caught the row of books. The he wasn't lighting a fuse. I had a notion to run, but .
titles were mostly outlandish foreign ones, mostly Rwi- thought it would be poor policy.
sian looking and French and Dago, and you know what
"He ·doesn't know where he put it," she began to
awful morals those foreigners have! Suddenly.I gasped.
(Con.,.ttnued on Page 23)
�The Western Comrade
In the N arn e of
Christ~A men!
By FRANK H. WARE
~· ·
IS dusk •in a little village. The birds
in the tree tops twitter their soft,
happy notes and the calm of night
echoes the noise of droning insects-soon the peaceful noises of
the night are drowned by the steady " tramp, tramp "
of multitudinous feet marching and the ceaseless
creaking of tJeavy wheels.
Away on the far horizon lights flare redly and are
followed later by the dull but distinct booming of cim·non. Back ~f a near-by :hill artillery breaks forth with
a deafening .roar. The shouts of drivers come louder
and more frequent in their fevered haste and the even
t r·amp'tng sounds double-time as sharp orders rang out.
Then comes a "whee-ee-ee," and overhead with
!lash and shriek a blinding greenish-white shower
~h ell bursts, lighting up the village and countrysidethe marching columns of soldiers, the horse-drawn
cannon with their cursing drive.rs, and the upturned
pallid faces of helpless humans.,
More shells follow and the townspeople flee in panic.
Here an~there in :the dust lie the forms ·o f men, women
and child~n-:-many writhing in agony of woundsothers silent and motionless.
In the center O'f the village a "little group of women
and children huddle on the steps of a church. ·Trembling in fear, but with bowed heads, they listen to the
prayers of a ·priest.
·
"Our Father ! "
A bursting shell lights his upraised face and closed
eyes.
" Hear our prayer and protect us--·"
A woman screams a_n d crumples to the roadway.
' ' On this, the dawn of the day of Thy blessed nativity- -"
The little white hospital with its red cross flag
blown by the storm of battle bursts into flames.
"Deliver unto the enemy a crushing defeat--"
The steeple splinters and- falls.
"And punish them with an everlasting hell- -" ·
A shell bursts among them, killing many.
" In the name of .Christ- Amen ! "
�The Western -Comrade
12
Solid Ivory
By A. F. GANNON
~~~~ D
LYN 'H was a ribbon r ·eler, at twelve
per, in Bunk 's Big Bazar on Broadway.
0. Henry . was not within his ken, ~d
the only Ste,·enson of note in his mental
card-index wHs· the guy.who put the first
l ocomoti,~e on·r·. He could t'ell you all
about Ty Cohh and "Confession" Jack
O 'Brien, · but the worth-while subtilties
were beyond li im. That summarizes Ed.
:YTyrt.le was nineteen, and Corpul" nt Cortez (ot·
whoev1·r· it was on a peak in -Darien ) had nothing on
her insofar as a large· and romantic outlook was concern ed.
She worl<Pd in th e :\Iaecrator Laundry on J,os
Angeles street and, thanks to a pickle-and-pie-proof
liver, penny dan ces and Hober·t Chambers ' novels,
lived mostly in th e r·osy region of romance.
They met on the top of a beach-hound bus one Sunday evening, whither Myrtle hied after finishing the
latest emotion-raker from the dictaphone of her favor·i te. fietioner.
Sh e lik ed Ed 's (·ontave shoulders, th e aroma of his
"dago" eigar·l'ttes and the eut of his jib. In Ed 's
estimation, Myrtle was all to the mustard. l\Iyrtle
fe lt sure that Christy never got hy with anything
niftier.
Picture shows, B~n·bank .matinees and ChinH-cafl'
feeds foll owed with dizzy ing rapidity, -Ed. proposed .
Myr·tJe· disposed. Np one opposed.
Myr·tl e dr·eamed at hrt· mangle for· a few Sl'erf't,
saceharinP months before t he first tilt.
Ed had two tielwts fo r a. show. Myrtl e was to
wor·k late in the w oek-end rush. They were to meet
at a. ilown-town cornet· and go from there to the theah 'll. No Ed awaitrd \ylw n 1Tyrtle arrived . She sauntered with th e throng to the next block, wondering
what hstd detained him and already revelin-g in the
deli ghts of mu ic, song a.nd laughter that wer·e to be
hers that. l'vening at th e widely touted ('Omedy they
wer·e to attl'nd.
She stopped for· a moment on the curb near
the cot'JH' r·.
~uddcnly
she felt like screaming.
~ ~ chntt.iug gaily with the blond girl on his arm, was
cro.<>sing toward· her through the traffic. She clinehe(\
her tlsts and controlled herself as she distinctly heard
him say to the girl as they parted just behind- her m
the cr·owd :
"Good night., kid. See y' later."
Ed hni·ried toward their rendezvous._ Myrtle was
"""
a bit late. Ed jokingly chaffed her, saying t hat h~t
ba~ \vaited half an hour.
Ed was in hjgh glee at the slap-stick work· of tl\e:
low eomedi~. Myrtle was glum.
'Work hard V flay, kid ?" olicitou ly inquired Ed.
:'Yes,' '.admi.tted Myrtle, dan"'er.ously clo e to tear .
' "T.oo bad y' d.idn t li.ke the sho,~, Myrt: \\ e'll go
hom_(l after thi act, ' aid Ed in 11 tone of kindline~~
·personifi d . . . ··
. Myrtle gritted her teeth.
At home th~ storni burst. Ed, a badly abused and
m·isundersto'od man, went out and got drunk.
Followed·maO:y drab months of hick >ring. Ed didn't .
meas~-re 'UP. to : Myrtle's Chamberesque ideal.
"A rag and a bone and a hank of hair " was Ed's unexpress~d opini?n after some months of connubial
juxtaposition.
A moist; sticky baby could not heal the breach.
Aiken tried to _bridge it at it!! largest end and form the
usual triangle.
Aiken was_ . the manager of the Macerator
.L aundry, the possessor of a poly-lunged gasoline
guzzler, a· harveyized conscience and a penchant ior·
sympathy with pretty ·married women wh9se . home
life was not all that it should· be.
Robert Chambers and '-'Confession" Jaek O'~rien
were too much for Ed junior, so he just .na-turally faded,
and in a fit of eolie, shuffled off. Ed se~ior openly
sought solace in his slend-er blo11 ~l co-worker. Myrtle
Kas diyorced.
By th e simple process of continually rebuffing Aiken
and his advances, Myrtle l~st her job.
Coming out of a Broadway cabaret late one night.
she met Ed and his affinity, face to face:
"My, what a mush! " snid l\Tyrtle to her companion- meaning the affinity, of course. The blond winced.
Myrtle was instantly suffused with happiness. Her
escort, well dressed gentleman that he -was, made no
comment, but Chamberesquely ushered her to a waiting taxi.
" Here," if we· were in on the J•:. P. Roe, ,,. wo ~rld
sny " the author lays down his pen. " As it i we will
hurry to the mark that makes th e printer seek the enfl .
·rule. lf ~r on are disappointed we ean but offer r·c>grets. Jf you sought a rea l story-writer's ·tor·y \\' <'
are sorry . but you share the blame.
You see, this i not a r e-gular story- just a l-ittle
eross-seetion of that delectable or·- .dispieable thin!!
ca ll ed life.
�·The Western Comrade
.13
Rescu-e the Desorientes
B y G. E. BOLTON
rr;;!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
ILLIAM C. OWEN, who thinks so far
~head of and writes so far above his
readers that he gets and holds (and
possibly wants ) but a limited audience,
has summarized the situation Of the :various · labor and· so-called radical movements in America.
In .the English section of the Mexican (Spanish ) anarchist 8emanal revohicionario "Regt·neracion" this keen writer points out the political
downfall of trade unionists.in San FranciscQ, and derlar s that in J.JOS Angeles, Socialism has been abHorb d by "progressivism' " and that the National
Fiocialist Party is harping on the efficiency shown by
militarism in Germany. (This to bolster up the theory·
of the desirability of state ownership and managemPnt.)
'I'h writ r declares the I. W. W. a busted balloon.
As for th e American F ederation of Labor, he says it
is "wo rsted invariably in its half-hearted conflicts
with capital, and sinks more deeply into the mud of
n d spairing conservatism."
This, too, before Gompers saved the day for the
munition makers, militarists and martinets at the San
Francisco convention, where two Socialist delegates
nttempterl to work through a r esolution against the
prt•parcrlnrss conspiracy and th e attempt to add colll' .. t i VP rnu rc er· t o the hi gh school curri culum.
Those who know Gompers and those who sunound
hi111 should. howHer, ha\·e liS littl e difficulty in predi•·ti ll g.
N xt, t his hrillillnt Anar·chist takes a sharp rap at
Anar·chist . He appar·ently agrees with J ean Grave,
whom h a r ed its with heing the leading spokesman
of th Em·opean group, when he writes that "at this
nrhwl hour· the. ar disorganized and more and more
'd<>sori nte ·." (T.Jacldng in pl an-d rifting without
tlN;t·inati oll or lmowl ed"C of direction. )
Let u qnote Oweu here: 'Yes ind eed. A movem('nt thn.t t does not und ,. tand that its ba is is the
fr•t'<' individ'ual ; that do
not understand that freedoonr..\implie 11 h tent ion from inva ion and battle to
dt' llth ogai11 t the h~vad e r- uch a movement bas ex nl'll.v the tr· ngth nnd on i t en y of a rope of sand."
wen b came n ntionali t 11t th outbreak of the
European war. Engli h birth and breeding came to
thl' urfll ('(' nnd he how th greate t bitterne again t
111! thing T utonic-hate the "invader.'
Th writ r de lare that the- future belongs to
Anarchism, for 'man unque tionably is de tined to
be free. . But it will be an Anar~hism founded on
pFinciple and not the sepsational hodge-podge that ha
of late, under tbe)lrivmg of greedy notoriety ·hunters
usurped t~e name." (J'S . this a slap at Emma and h r ·
phalanx of ~Yorsltippmg, vo~unte.er publi~ity agent f)
. ' Tfte 'clouds are bre!lking . and 'the great onte t
of the future, that between .fr edom and authority, is
taking visibl~ ··shape'.'''
· This is most encoura.ging and I, for one, aJ.U mclined to agree that the clouds are breaking. A tim
of world-wide up'heaval is nearing, but we have too
many times seized · the rope only to find it sand.
William: C." Qweti has 'spent an active life. For
years he has .b een a reb.el against all that restrains the
liberty of man: His stern, uncompromising character
many times has forc~d. - h\!D . outside the fold. A profound student,· a ·clear thinker, a masterly \\ riter, we
see no reason why .he should not make a serious attempt .to orient ·American radicalism.
He knows Stirner, .Godwin and Tolstoi (the spontanistics). He has made deep study' of Proudhon,
Bakunine, Kropotkin and .Tucker (federalistics) :
Why not try it, Y okefellow Owen 7 Here we ar ,
desoriente-drifting. Whe~e is there a concrete pian·T
Will you give us an affirmatiorrY Can you not make·
clear to some of the more dense of us- nian._y of whom
are groping but' honestly want to know y we are not
. seeking a royal ' road to kno\~ledge, ·but there is a
short cut that will keep the neophyte out of th morass
of confusion.
Why not a book that will Jo this for us f
Permit us a classification: Owen would decline to
be labell ed or tagged, but here is a hazard- he is in doministic, spontanistic and r evolutionary insurgent.
Negative to every doctrine of the state.
Th er e has been nothing in common as to the basis
of mos't of th e teachers of anarchism. Most of them
recognize as the supreme law of human procedure
.merely a natural law. They d!> not t ell us what
tak es place, and ho-;v 'to accelerate its movement, hut
merely follow the ge_neti c procedure of telling us what
will take place. Shall we follow the altruistic Godwin
or the egoi ·tic Stirned
:\fany who have known Owen and followed his
writings will join this serious suggestion. Will he
abandon his plan of "je ne propose rien, je ne sup- .
po e rien j 'expose" and provide a compns and a rudder to the American de orientes T
�14
The Weste-rn Com ·r ra de
-A mong the Immortals
By EDMUND R. BRUMBAUGH
J
OSEPH HILLSTROM-or Joe Hill, ·as he was called
MU.rder has been done, but Joe .Hill is the vtetun
. . by his comradel>-'sleeps under the sod, his body and not the culprit. His murderers may rejoice, uspierced by the bullets· of an enraged plutocracy. The· tained as they are by the heartfelt approval of the
heart that throbbed with love for his fellowns still. enemies and robbers of the ·WOrking class, but their
The brain that grew gz:eat with the wisdom of social rejoici.llg will be turned to chagrin and last.
protest is at rest. The hands that guided the pencil or ing defeat .be. the sequel t'o their temporary trhimph.
brush, placing on paper or canvas their owner's. visiQ!lS . Longing 'for . Liberty -eannot be confined by iron ba.rs
of truth and beauty are folded forever. Yesterday, or shot to death ~venin the name of ' 1 law and order"
.Joe Hill ~vas but one of us, struggling like us, as best .. and·tbe sacred constitution! It is bound to break forth
he knew how, for justice, for liberty,~ for civilization. · ag~in a-rid again, and to grow stronger and stronger,
Today he has left us behind, has attained an eminence until tyranny is ~n;tade to flee before it. Force cannot
for which few have the strength . . He is among the im- r.estrain it.long; fraud-cannot deceive it; all the money
mortals. Socrates, Spartacus, Jesus, Bruno, Savona- 'in the 'worl<.l cannot corrupt it; and half-way measure
rola, Wat Tyl er, 'Elijah Lovejoy, John Brown and a ·will fail· to satisfy.
host of other dauntless ones whom this same hard path
. The martyrdom of November 19 wa ·a hameful
have t1·od and who have died for t he truth,· are keep- thing. We .wish from the bottom of our hearts "that
in f.( him company.
it had not .been. ·But it could not be' prevented. CapiWe, who are trying to build a better. social order, talism controlled. This· martyrdom, therefore, is rio
mourn for our martyred comrade. We know he was discouragement'; rather is it the reverse. It is even an
no murderer . We know he was no robber. We lmow inspir!ltion, a call to greater dev6tion. Thinking of
that he abhorred both murder and robbery with all it, we are lifted aloft; a determination springs up with·
the stength of his artist's soul. His was a holy ideal, in us to drive from the earth the system that made
and idealists are not criminals.
it possible.
One Big Union.
By
.
W
J. L. ENGDAHL
E are told in a seven-line cablegram that a organized workers of the United States.
The United Mine Workers of America and the
combination of 1,500,000 workingmen ·has been
effe t d in Great Britain by the adoption of a draft Western Federation of Miners have been endeavoring
constitution linking together the National Union of to amalgamate for years. Of course, they are now
Rail\\ ay Men, the Transport Workers' Federation and united in the Mining Department of the American Fed·
the Miners' Federation.
eration of Labor, but this is a loose organization. Tliere
This amalgamation plan got under way before the are half a dozen brotherhoods claiming jurisdiction
war started and the fact that action has now been over the w9rkers in the operating departments of the
taken shows that the British workers have n ot been nation 's railroads. Nearly a dozen more organizations
entirely submerged by the European conflagration. : claim jurisdiction over the men in the railroad shop
Germany has demonstrated to the world the value trades, these bein.,. loosely organized into the Railway
\>f orga.1:1ization and the socialization of indus~ry, -Qoth Department of the A. F. of L. The International Sea·
in peace and in war. It required the war to drive home men's Union, with the Lake Seamen's Union, sees no
this le on to other nations, especially Engl~d. It do...-s reason for amalgamating with the Longshoremen's
not look a if this. le on had as yet been learned by Union. This goes to show how far the Am~-rican
the people of the United States. The sessions _of the worker is behind his British brother i:n unity of effort.
Perha'Ps we shall need another Harriman strike, an·
next Congre s will tell the story.
But we ubmit that the industrial solidarity being other Colorado, IIIDotber struggle on the Great Lahs,
shown by the workers. of Great Britain, in uniting into the Atlantic or the Pacific, before the value of sol1one· solid pha18J!IX the .railway men, the· mine·r s. and the darity has been taught the wol'kers. In tbe meantime,
tran port worbrs, should be immediately copied by the watcbi the big ~abor combine irn Great Britain.
�The Western Comrade
15
Llano del Rio
By JOHN DEQUER
T
HIS will be a short and s. weet description of the an employe in the company in which _you are a stockLl-ano del Rio Colony, just as I found it. It is hqlder. You have then first right as a stockl1oldernot Socialism--you cannot build heaven in that is, a part owne:r of the corporation-and next you
hell. It is a business enterprise, conducted on business are a worker for the corporation of which you are an
principles, for practical r esults: The colony is not con- employe. The lay• ther.efore covers you twice as an
cerned with individual ideals, but with ways and means owner and a ·worker. .A little thought
make it
to get food, clothing and shelter. When these are se- plain; the ~~ate law deals with . corporations who hire
c-ure, then, if you are idealisti c, your ideals can grow. help. The stoc:khol<Jers work not-they are interested
The colony is not a full and p erfect democracy. There through the investment. Laborers are supposed to be
is only one place in which democracy is complete- hired and fired by the directors or the ''agents.'' Thus
that is in the choice of directors. Th ese directors have it is that the Llano del Rio Colony is organized to
1o do with th e business of the -corporation and appoint comply with the law; but the work is don e hy the
supe rintendents, managers, etc. Th ey take your ap- owners (stockholders ) ,· under a working contract.
The work er-o wner is under
. .
.
plication , ad mit you to a
working contract, and if ~----------------------------------~ a board of dit·ectors. And
your influence IS detrithe board of directors is rementa 1 to the good of the
~ponsible under th e law and
subject to recall by the
enterprise, they discharge
yo u. This may sound unstockholders.
Th e colony does not .aim
idealistic, but it is in acto set up a new form of govcord with the law of the
. ernment over its wor~ing
state, and we must be in accord with it if we wish to
members; where there is no
law there . is no transgressucceed. The recall of the
sion,. from which we take·
directors, held in the hands
it that where laws are mulof the stockholders, safegua1·ds the abuse o# this
tiplied transgression follows. Now, · the State of
power.
California has five thousThe law of the state iaand laws which we are
vors corporations organized
bound• to obey, in the colon business lines. That is:
· Workers returning from the fields at the end of a
ony or out. That is quite
go v e r n e d by directors
sunny December day. Community photographs take
enough- it is not the aim of
elected by stockholders.
on a n ew, artistic touch under the hands of Comrade Kempf.
th e community to add to
When you pay in your inthis bm·den. The best we
itial payment you tak\- out
stock. This makes you a stockholder and the direc- can do is to build an industrial village wh ere the con
tors are responsible, under the law, for the investment. ditions of employment shall be just, the products
'rhey are legally bound to work for your interest as a equitably shared; where sanitary an:d hygienic factors
stockholder. 1 This is your relation to the company. g~t due consideration, and wh ere socially created
You can hold stock and not go to the colony at all. wealth will ultimately redound to the benefit of all.
And I »are say that is a safe investment-far safer Therefore, when you come to Llano, come to go to
than an~thing I know of.
work with your comrades, and not to make rules and
Bradstreet shows that when a man goes into busi- regulations. He who goes to Llano goes to raise alfalfa,
ness there are ninety-five out of a hundred chances chickens, wheat, rabbits, potatoes, beef, garden truck,
against him. Llano has at least ninety-five out of every for the common weal of all. If you have legislative
hundred chances to win. To become a stockholder in ambitions, go into politics and get ~lected to the state
itself is desirable. When you have paid in your $1000 house. T.Jiano is a corporation under the laws of capiinitial payment fee, you get a worldng contract, and talism, where the owners are the workers, and receive
(Continued on Page 25)
you take up your residence at the colony and become
will
�An After-Thought
\
Child Labor Exploiter as Santa Claus'-"Sure kid,
we didn't forget you! Here's a nice new factory whistle we've been putting up for you. You'll hear this one,
so you needn't be late to work and get docked next
- Drawn fo,. T!. , W utrr n
��18
"N
The Western Comrade
Llano Colonists Are
OT since the big
wind,'' is an
expt·ession that
henceforth will have some
By R. K.
meaning at the Llano del
Hio Community. Friday,
...... .
night, December 3, was
an eventfu l one in the history of the colony. The
gale that swept the entire
Pacific coast and wrought
such havoc everywhere did
not spare Llano and the
southwest.
The storm
swept down on us with a
fury never· before experienced in this valley. Our
adobe houses stood like
granite a nd not one of the
completed structures was
damaged hy wind or rain.
Two dozen of the tent
houses were blown down
Storming in the Mountains; Sunshine on the Lla~o. Picture Shows the
and a few of them were
whipped to ribbons.
At about 10:30 o'clock
at night a great black cloud formed in a boot- hension among the inhabita.n ts. Mutual assistanc·e was
shape which hovered for a long time. over the city. given in the darkness and it· was not long before. th~
The toe lost particles of clouds from time to time and homeless families were inade partially comfortable for
swirled off into the mountain range behind.
For the balance of the night.
When daylight dawned a scene of wreckage was
more than half an hour before the wind storm broke
a roar could be heard in the foothills resembling the everywhere visible. Furniture, washp,ans, beds, bedding and wearing apparel were blown about indissound of a giant cataract.
The wind was almost continuous until after 2 o'clock criminately and lodged here and there against the
Saturday morning, viciously wiping out tents and fences. Bedding in the municipal or transient tents
' tearing off the heavy porch of the hotel. The noise was thoroughly drenched, but thanks to a hot sun.
of th e wind and the sounds of household goods careen- quickly dried on the fence. Men and women turned
ing drun1<enly about the streets lent a sort of terror out ·without waiting for suggestions and helped one
another in a · truly harmonious way. More than 100
hard to describe.
As tent after tent collapsed or was swept from its men, women and children were homeless, but were
moorings the people gathered in the hotel or in the more or less comfortably housed within two or three
adobe homes of ft·iends and waited for a cessation hours after daylight and the work of rebuilding tents
and fallen frames began. A roof was quickly placed
of the temfest.
..
Tent houses were twisted and torn and blown from on the unfinished office building and beds placed
foundations, but fortunately not a person was in- within which was quickly filled by people. Work
of repairing the hotel was started soon after breakjure~ although many had narrow escapes from flying
debris. The adobe homes stood up with rock solidity, fast and before noon all the damage to the roof proper
showing that even a four-inch wall, as these adobes was repaired, although the porch itself was not reare, can withstand very vigorous wind and 'rain placed. Probably the porch would have stood up
storms. It is understood that the adobes so far built against the blast had the beams been anchored to th(·
are of a temporary nature and should permanent big stone supports.
Only necessary work on the ranch was-done durin!!
buildings be erected of this material, thicker walls
the two succeeding days as the housing force devoted
would obtain.
There was little confusion and but slight appre- all energies to reinstating a normal condition. Work
�The Western Comr-ade
Undaunted by Storm
WILLIAMS
!'<ew Dairy Barns. Silo, Rabbitry , and a Portion of the Poultry
of repair is still gomg on and will continue until
eomplete and the repair work on the tents and the
new tents will be of a more substantial nature. More
braces will be placed and the frames strengthened in
every way.
However, there is consolation in the fact that the
wind and rain was general up and down the mountainous coast region. M:ICh harder winds. blew to the
north and more copious rains fell to the south. The
trouble is, we were not prepared for such a shaking
up of the elements and gives a salutary lesson that
more substantial buildings are nec.essary. As a mattrr of fact, had we been sheltered within solid wooden
buildings or adobe none of the disagreeable features
attendant upon this incident would be ours. As it is,
considerable time has been lost and some setback in
the field work will be· evidenced.
Notwithstanding the general disruption of the even
trnor of our way, the calamitous weather did not affect
or dampen the spirit of the colonists to have fun. The
usual Satwday night dance was held and nearly all
of the hom~l ess people esconced in temporary quarters
ctanced about the spacious dance hall with the usual
Yim. After all, depression and happiness is a state of
111i nd .
It would J'equire more than a windstorm to daunt
. the bold hearts of the Llano colonists who bore the
ha rdships with true pioneer spirit. ·
19
Snow covers the mountains south of Llano and
gladdens the eye and .
feelingli, as we are warm.
and comfortable d9wn
here, while we know it is
cold up there. Much of
the snow that fell Friday
night and Saturday morning on the low foothills
has vanished .u,nder the
sun and even, now a difference in the vegetation
can be seen and some
chaJ?ge in the water supply is slightly visible. The
snow in the Sierra Madres
south of us supplies very
largely and regulates the
Big Rock flow.
More
snow will fall in the
rp.i_g hty gashes during the
winter and when the
Department.
warm sun of spring gets
around to us, the condensed waters will contribute toward making these lands among the most
productive to be found anyw~ere in all. great, fertile
California.
The garden season is practically over and work is
now under way clearing and preparing lands for next
s·p ring 's planting near the Tighlman place, although
the number of acres· may be increased.
Near the first of the year plantin-g of fru.i t trees will
begin on a little more than two hundred acres. The
orchard will contain nearly all varieties of fruit trees,
such as pear, apple, peach, olive, et~.
Clearing is going on at the present time on sections
34 and 35. It will not be long until clearing work on
these 1280 acres will have been finished.
'l'wo hundred acres of alfalfa will be planted in the
spring close to the source of water supply. A good deal
ol' the land. is now cieared and the remainder will be
cleared, plowed and worked in time for spring planting. .
It is planned to move the hennery up to the west end
of Tighlman 's an:l build substantial adobe chicken,
brooder and incubator houses and fix the place up in a
thoroughly up-to-date manner. The chickens will have
as much alfalfa to run on as thought desirable and will
be sheltered from the west winds by the foothills and
the tall row of trees that extend to the north of the
place .
The boiler for the steam laundry is now being placed
�20
The Western Comrade
\Ve are working t 'ward a better organiza tion all the time. Thin~rs
generally are taking on
a more substantial character of solidarity.
A,
time goe
on a new
knowledge of identity of
interest manifests itself.
A new and stronger understanding of our mission out here on this prolific plain becomes vi ible. The cobwebs of mystery
are
disappearing
and impractical
ideals
are being left behind:
Llano Lads, Imbued :With Cooperative Spirit, Building Their Adobe "Clubhouse."
Soon the knowledge will .
.
become common that our
and soon thc . machin ery to do washing for the colony interests here are _identical and when that is thoroughwill he established and our troubles in this direction ly unde~stood life will· broaden for us all.
will be at an Pnd. A IJPW industrial field op~ns with
The · reason for the existence of the Llano del R' o
the opening of the doors of the wash house. Douorless Corporati"On. is s.o plain and apparent that it is mystia hid will he rnadf' for husiness in the surrounding towns fying, for ::.s a rule we are always looking for someof the valley .
thing that does not exist.
Th e bakery has introduf'cd an oil burning system
People eomr to us filled with vagaries. ·where they
displacing th e cumhersomP and rostly wood fire , so that get t.hPm it is hard to determine. Newcomers arrived
now two hakings of l::!fi loavrs c·an he had at a cost of 4-0 herr fillrd with id<,'alism and notions of a weird form
cents outlay.
At pr·rspnt thr bread consumption of OPmoeraey that arc utterly OUt of place in an instiaveragrs 2!'i0 lOai'('S daily . Of ro.UrSP, there arc many tution dealing with things . and practicalities.
It
colonists who hake hr·c·ad in their own homes.
mnst be insisted that if ~hiR colony is to exist we must
Th e orrhestra has heen rc•qurstPd and acceded to the follow the \Yell tried and wrought out formulas of corr equest that music• he fnr·nisiH•d 11t rvening meals at porations organized nuder rapitalism. We cannot hopr
least tl1l'rc times a Jvrrk. Tlw worl"< of the orc·hrstra to win in the desprrate fight for competence if we
has been mneh improvrd and rnlargcd by the addition drYiate from the plans that have proven success in
of sevr1·al artists. Mr'. Copley is always looking for thr outside world. Those who imagine. as some of
talent and a hrn rty inYita t ion is <'X tended to anyone onr nrwromrr. do, that a• complete revolution of thr
who can play.
methods of !!'Ptting must immediately obtain upon
While musi c at mf'als <loPs not tal<e the place of food arrival here, are due for a shock. '\Ve are not attemptsubstantials it adcls matrJ·inll~' to the 7.l'St of rating and in::r an Utopian phantasmagoria, hut are constant]~'
tal<es one away from thr mrarH.'J' things of the physical draling with things of life. nature and harnPss and
world.· This sor-t of' thing shonl<l receive all poss1hlr horsrs, plows, \1-ood cutting and the building of hom es.
encouragement.
1 i1 ordrr to snrrerd. ancl we are succeeding hryond
W. H . P etPrson has opene<l a studio in which he what th e fonndrrs of this institution had hoprd for , as
teacHes many clif'f't•r·pnt l\in<ls of iJistr-umpnts, sperializ- th r prrsrnt eit ~r an<l (lcve lopmrnt that is to he found
ing on the violin. C'mnr·a<k Pd r r~on has hnd conside r·- h r1·r ra n show. wr must foliow out the lines laid down
1\able exprrinwr along thrsr linrs nnd is eminrntly qnal- h~, or::r11nized rapitalism and'"11se the same tools that it
~fied to tNJC'h orehrst r·al instruments. ITr is husy with
is fighting and struggling with.
pupils most of 'thr time lllHl puts in ronside1·ably more
Will it Her hr helirv<'d that most of our benef'it
than eight hom·s JH'l' dny. Th r rolony is enrirhrd hy the arisr from the mf'thorl of getting a liYing ? This qu espresence of l\Tr. Prtrrson. Tn addition to the above ac- tion hreomes mor·c r eal whrn we are on the ground
complishments h r is an rxprrt rahhit hreedr r nnd working out this prohlem. Tt i~; an aphorism tha.t our
spends a part of th e day hrlping Manager Kilmer at ethies and mor11ls flow from our e4lonomir condition.
the rabbitry.
Feed the inner man and bring to him machinery of pro-
�Tke Western Comrade
21
duction suited to his use
and he will by natural process HOlve into a society
suited. t~l 1 needs.
"' c
ar , fi;st of a)\: trying to
solve the question of food
supply.
Last year we
raised al'most seventy per
t PJJt of what we consumed.
:\ext yea r w • will do Yery
much better than that. \Ve
have within ou r· g rasp opportunities neYer hoped
for Ly the wor·king class of
any country. We have a
vriucipa.lity in the making,
l!ut to assurr many doubtLooking Across Swimming Pool Toward Solarium and· Colony Tent Honses
iug ones, th e first duty
hPre is not to set up a govt•rllrn Pnt with which to gnidr ourseiYes. Th e laws of of thr month · rolls hy ther e. are no bills to me t, no
(';di fo rnia han" tal<<'Jl ca r e of that . Th e r eason for· worri es over· the landlor·d bothering you, there are comsayi ng this is that arguments ha,·e taken place on Uris pensations. And, .a nyway, 'we all came here, or should
\'Pry point. :tvrany people living in and around Marietta have, with the understanding that there is a certain
ha1·e asked this question. Somr of our Washington and amount of pioneering to do, and should it become nausIdaho fr·iends do not yet seem to understand that we eous or irksome the same old blighted world of strugar·c a business roncern, incorporatcu under the laws of gling competition is open and the oft ha·n ded and fain t
!his state; that a hoar·d of managers stands betwern hearted should seek its kindness.
This is a ver·y human pla ce.. \\Te are composed of
thr hody politic and the state; that th e board of director·s is responsible fot· th e actions of the individual in men and women of radi ral thought ajong every line of '
thr rolony 11nd should defalcation of mismanagement human end ra\'Ol'. To amalgamate these iu the disideraarisr, th ry and not the colonists ,,;ould hr str·ippcd to . tum. One of the most cliffi('ult things for a person to
mal\e good the debts of thr corporation ; that power of do is to stand in .the othrr fellow 's pla<lc and see 'l10w
hir·ing 11nd di charging li rs with the hoard and should he would frel had. a eerta in thing been· done. Those
a r-hn n~re hr desired in thi re. peet the only cou rse to that attempt to always {.!.'ive more th11n they expect to
follow would he to repeal a state l11w and r ecall t he receive come t·losrst to the proper way of t hinking.
Before closi ng JWr·mit us to r r \"Pt't a moment to the
ho~rd.
'l'o take th r power of: discharge f rom the
honrd ';; hnnds w ould hr a hid for anarchy and chaos. necessity of having 11n or·ganized control , the power of
An org11nizrrL rcntral ront rol is ahsolutrly neccs- dischal·!!e to prot ret the collectivity against the indiYiduals. Wh en a n or··ganization of men hand together
~~~ ~·~· in the JH'rsent. t11gc of eYolution towa rd P.ot•ialism .
Thr ei utillatin~ rays of nafional or world Socialism to iiC'('Omplish somrth in g for· th eir own benefit, or. to
nr· hut dimly ren ovrr the eastern horizon. As long more str ongly build 11 lahor craft into 11. more formidns thr grind o'f the wh eels of the ju!!gemaught c11uses ahlc riva-l of t h(' ent rr.nrhed intcrrsts, hir·elings come
!rnr-. and g-r·oans and r oh infa n ts of their tnw hrri- amo ng thrm . '!'his ca.n certainly he look d for. The
ancient fi ghts against tyranny for hundreds and thouRIUI!l' no inst itution ' urrounded h) thr competitive systPm will Jon¢ sttrceed iu i~s fight if other thll n capital- ands of yea I'll lost the fight he~ausc ·of th spy. Rpar·taens, Drei rmrkos, and othrrs of the elder world, and
iRf it· me11 ns be used.
Once nor·e, this corpor·ation differ. from th e VIe. tern Jesus lost the f ight and li fe hecause of t he t reachery of
the hired spy. J,abor oqnr nizations thr world over· tol'nion .. landard Oil or the . onthern Paeific in thi
rr 'l r d only: that the profit. of thi. con t•er·n goes to the d ll ~· · a rr filled with thf'm. \Yhy should we he ·exrmpt
. tn,·kholtl <'r. with wOJ·king eontract. actually wor·king. from thi: form of disru ption ? \\'c arc iloing something.
nnrl thnt tlr r ir· food, hclter and elothing are assured. \ Ve arc free in g thosr who join us from the terrors of
\\'., mij!ht nlll kr apolo~rir. for ome of our food. tne the truggle and pointing a lesson to ·tlrr worW. R enee,
l:h' k f mor·e t' OII1 fortn hlr he Iter 11nd the pau ity of we look fo r thr di.-ruptrr and spy. History warrants
nm· rlothing. yet when one con. ider that wl1en the end it. exper ience a nd safe~y drmand it.
�T he Western Comrade
22
The· Wonders of Llano
By JOSE P H D. CANNON
T
HE writer of the following article has spent a lifetime in the La.bor and Socialist Movements. He is known in
every state in the Uniqn and loved by kis comrades everywhere, and admired by the i11dustrial overlords from
, whom ·he has wrested many victories for the workers. As he was a delegate to the Western .Federation of Miners to
the recent A. F. of L. cbnventlon at San Francisco, Cemrade Cannon decided to visit the Llano del Ri.o Co-opecative
Community. This story wa.s written shortly after several days' sojourn· at Lfano.-Editor's note·.
P
IC'fURE if you can a scene of bustling activity
where the mere onlooker seems . so certainly out
of plac_e, and where the motive is not one of
profit making or wealth accumulatioJl for a few favored individuals-where grSJed is not the master, at
the crack of whose whip the toilers, in fear for their
food, clothing and shelter, spring to · new and overtaxing cff0rts-and wlilat you will see in Llano, Llano
del Rio, iu the sunny Antelope Valley of Southern California.
It is the colony of which you have probably heard
more or less, and where co-operation is the motive of
the wo!'l<ers- and all arc owners as well as· workers.
Here a man·el is being wrought, while the scoffer,
unaware of the project's assured success, continues to
direct his how stingless darts.
A deser-t is being turned into a garden, and a soil
which hore naught but cactus, sage and chaparral is
r·esound in g to the call of the husbandmen with teeming crops of great variety.
l<..,onr men and a horse,. on a then desert waste,
eighteen months ago, with nothing but a vision
to urge them on, have already shown how well founded
was t heir faith; fqr now there are more than six hundred souls, men, women ani children, in the colony at
f.Jlarto. Sixty to seventy horses are there instead of
one-and these a r·e not sufficient for the work that is
there for them to do.
Over one hundred head of Jersey and Holstein cows
make up the dairy I_Jerd, and this number is increasing
rapidly.
Of· chickens there seemed many hundreds, all of fancy
stock, from which great returns will be sure to accrue.
The rabbitry is far from being the least interesting
merit in the colony 's growing prospects.
Right now, in December, eighty per cent of the
wor·kers are f'mployed in clearing ground and planting
crops, mostly gr·ain, which will be followed by alfalfa.
Next spring .one hundred and twenty-five acr es will be
put into garden truck, all for home consumption.
Already the colony has its own nursery; and great
or·c~ ards are being set out. Pears do wonderfully well ;
and soon "Llano Pears" shall be one of the fancy
staples in t he grocery world. Bu t peaches, apples,
grapes and some other fruits are giving great promise,
and: as rapldl:y a_s- it can be done new ground is being
'-hrokefi ana new and varied orchards, as well as other
crops, being put in.
There is water sufficient to irrigate not less than
twenty thousand acres, with probabilities of enough
more being conserved to increase that acreage by fifty
per .c·e nt. The colony at present has not that much
landJ but its holdings are steadily being increased and
it will ultim'a tely have all for which it can develop
wate'~. · There are two sources for the supply. · One is
a tunnel a mile o'r so in length, from which runs a constant stream o£ nearly ice cold, pure water, enough to
supply the (lomesti.c· requirements of the colony for
all time. ·
The other is the flow from the ever-melting snows of
·the mountains. This will not only irrigate their lan.ds,
but it will lig·ht and heat their homes and shops, turn
the wheels of their power machines and eventually
transport them and th~ir goods to and from market.
For conservation they have a splendid dam ~ite, and
for power plants they have 'many adv11ntageous loca·
tions where the mountai·n stream will generat.e their
electricit:y.
With but little difference in labor cost the colonists
have the choice of granite, gray sandstone, concrete or
brick, all on their own ground, from which to select
their building material. .Ground is about to be broken
for a $5000 school, which will be the first building on
the permanent town site of Llano.
But speaking of schools: the children from two years
and up are in school. The Montessori method is in
most successfu·I operation and the graded schools are
·doing splendid work. La.st but not least is the night
schools at which t he workers are given the advantage
of lecture courses not usually heard outside of colleges,
and at which there are always many students. In ad·
dition to this there is a public library which is growing
in size and worth, and in which there are always large
numbers of r eaders.
There are many more interesting features. The machine shop, the cabinet shop, the building department,
and many others too numerous to list, but all of which
are so worth while.
It is not the intent of the colony to sell milk f rom
its great dafy herds, but butter and cheese. Pt'lt
�T}l,e Wes t ern Co
rade
LJ:ano will be modern. I h i
' ·ill not be old merely as hide.s, but
truggl to win, and oppo ition to ·
as shoos, glove , belts or other fin/. bed products.
The bares will overeome, but i · in a position to
produce not .only meat for the eol- do the e. I · increasing in Yalue
oni!ilts, bu the mo t attraeti•e furs. and it can peak right now m dol_·o article as far as it can be ar- lars and cents mo t conYineingly.
ranged wiU be produced to ell I ts lands and water are easily
j ust as . arw material, but a fin- worth . 150 000. It herds and machinery just as much. And this- -·
ished product.
Already more has been achieved all of this-belong · o the men
in eighteen months than t he four · who are doing the work. Every
wise tnen with the horse thought toiler is working fo.r the benefit ot'
po'!sihle in ten years-and as yet the colony, and th'e eolon i tb<>
the colony is in swaddling clothes. reward of every toiler.
\\ratch it wh6n it really begins to
Llano will demonstr~te that eomove; when its orchards are bear- operation i a greater success than
ing in full and its herds doing more even the advocates of co-'operation
than merely increasing.
heretofor e claimed.
The exican
People
Their Struggle
for .F reedom.
By
· L. Gutlerre:t de Lua
and
Edgcumb Plnchon
Socialism Strikes Millville
(Continued f rom ' Page 10)
··xplain, and T says to myself, " Just
thought !" when t he man
shouted at her again:
" Oh, I r emember now, honey.
Look in t hat book on Rhode Island
H<>dHens!''
1 almost fainted.
She got th e book out of a drawer
nnu run through the leaves till she
fou nd the paper. It didn't even
hnve a ribbon tied around it, with
prPtty verses, like is the style nowa days- just a plain slip. I looked
nt t he date carefully and it seemed
all right, but th e little girl might
he small for her age. Mrs. Bricklav r had her hand on her face
fll;rl h r back turned, and the
Widow St eP.!e says to her, "Don't
(· !'.".
vV don 't aim to hurt your
l'rt'lin 's. It' just the rules of the
!'luh. and I'm ashamed of myself."
Th!' widow's good hearted, but as
l . nid, she ha n 't much sense. She
didn't rPalize the verv ofa she was
.~itt ing 'on might be· stuffed with
·· sOme deadly powder. T
~r,.. Bri kin ·er ays, no indeed, he
wn. u '-t rying, and she'd be deligi\'Yt>tl to orne to the club. I
!;!tabbed the "ridow ' arm and hur. d out a fa t as I could
l didn't peak until we had
turned th corner .
" " af ! " I ay , then. "Safe,
t nnk God!"
" afet" ay th widow. "Wha'
da ya m an f Quit pincllin ' my
ns 1
T
arm!»
" Didn't you notice f"
" Notioe what!"
" Th e books!" She just stared. ·
" Her -digging in the gardenf"
"What of it 1 Don't we all dig'
in the garden?"
.
'' But the gloves! . Aren't gloves
non-conductors or something? •' . .
Th e widow stared in her stupid
way. " ' Vhat yu talkin' about?"
· ''And the sputter in the bedroom ? Those people are menaces!
And did you notice how her eyes
shone when she heard that man
coming up . the steps?"
"Huh'"
.
"And the way he looked at her f
A~1d called her 'honey ?' and didyou--see-what-be-did f''
"WhaU"
T whisper ed it. "Kissed her!"
At last t>ven Martha, stupid and
unedu cated as she is, saw.
" And they bt>en married seven
VNlrS! For the land sakes r"
· " even years!" I says, "Mark
my words, Lucy Steele, certificate
or no certificate, there's something
irregular about that family! And
heaven help me! I've just thought
of something e)se !"
" T at right down on a dusty
tump in my best dress, I was so
weak My husband, the Jud~e, hag ·
alway been attractive to ladies.
Wllat if that woman should set her
cap for him f I rocked and sobbed.
" What's the matter with yn!
Ge uu! • the widow kept saying.
"Oh. Lucy Steele ! Lucy Steele !"
wa all I could say. "You ought
to be JZlad your husband's safe
buried! "
#
Each new bat tie' or the bloody revo·
lutlon In Mexico makcH this book the
more vnhrable. It Ia the moet remark•
able as well as th m ost Intelligent Interpretation or underlying m otives.
Every one should have this book In
his library.
We are raat closing out our remainIng copies or "The Meirtcan People."
IC you hurry you ean get In on tMJ
combination orrer of The W estern
Comrade and tht• book f or only ft.'T&.
Addrna The W..t'em Comrue, Clr•
eutatlon Mana~r, 1121 f·llcro lna- llfdo.,
Loa AnQel•, Cal.
' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -..
�The Western Comrade
24
ew From the Front
Ignorance is the Great
Curse!
Do you know, for instance, the scientific c\itference between Jo.-e and
rJasslon?
Human life is full of hideeus exhibits of wretchedness due
a nce or sexua_l normality.
tp Ignor-
Stupid, pernicious. prudery Ion" has blinded us to ~;,exu_al truth: Science
was slow in entering this vital field. - In recent years commerclalists
~:Jyelng profits have unloaded many un~cientific and dangerous sex books.
Now, the world'!! great scientific minds :are dealing with this f?libject upon
which human happiness often depends. No longer is the subject taboo
a mong intelligent people.
·
We take pleasure in offering to the American .public
the work of one of the world's greatest authoriti-es upon
the question of sexual life. He is August Fore!, M. D., .
Ph. D., LL. D., of Zurich, Switzerland. His book will
open your eyes to yourself and explain many my.s terles,.
You will be better for th is knowledge.
11vcry professional man and woman, those dealing with .social, medjcal,
airninal, legal, religious and educational matters will find this book ot
imm(ldlate value. Nurses, police olliclals, heads of public institutions, '
writer s, judges, clergymen and teachers are urged to get this book at once.
T he subject is treated from e very point of view. The cha pte~ on· "love
a nd other irradiations of the sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex e motions- Contracepti ve means discussed-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all in domestic relations- A great book by a great man.
"'I'he Sexual Question"
Heretofore sold by s ubscription, only to physicians. Now olrered to
the public. Written in plain terms. Former price $5.50. Now s ent pre·
pa id fo r $1 .60. This is the r ev ised and eniarged Marshall English translation. Send check , money order or stamps.
.
Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
General Dealer a in Books. Sent on Mail Order
BEprepare 1 for a thrillN·. llere ';,.
till' lntt.- ·t from t h<:> front and i,
)!OOd for "top right. with eight-col.
·earehead. ( hlood-n·d ink pleas('.
:\Ir. Pre· man) .. fot· auy highmind t.·d. y('llow-fen•r('d new paper:
The Kaisl'r has a ( 01' tlw ) ?.elle!teWI'·
heutzneudung. l this n form of
!Jaete ria ~ 1 f it i, . ht.>WI\1'(' ~
)\o"'· t'\'l'ITOue j,nows that ·mo. t
mnla dil•s at:C' t'Hn.·1•d fi'Olll OY('t'ititlul!tt'tH· t' ·in micr lht'S. llu r <' \·en
t ht·u. t ht.' mil'rOh('!' eould all b('
.plat·Pd on the point of n llt' tlle aud
not Olll' tnil· l'Obt' W OHl.J l!l't shH'k.
XO\Y tnkt• H 111'\'lllt?-poiut {'ull or
tlws 1!1'1'111 tlistrihult~rs 'int o yo\ll'
S' · n •u1 lliHl within n fP \\' 'week ·
timr wnk (' up .·onH mot·ning wit h
n zrlll'l!''''·rh<'ntznrudtml! . in ·i de of
\·ou. ~hnd<·s of a ditHJ!UIIll'!
· Tnke a trip bark into the oc n r
ngr \\·hrn mi (' t·ohps wr1·r thr izc of
~·o111: rmplo~·e r ·~ l1ome ' 11nd WE>nt
;ti'OIIIlll nt l'f'!!llltll' ]1rriotJR di. trnlnting th Pit· Pnlezoir I!E'rms. ~ up
pmw ~· ou \\'r t·r lora trrl on a high
,.Jjfl' HIHl on r fin<' 'dnv received n
,·isit fro.m n few of thrse nice big
grl'lns. Then nftrr n fpw hundr rl
~· Ntt·s \\'tnt h~- yon wol;c up one (\R)'
"·ith n t· ot·~· phodonia inside of you T
\\' hil r ~·out· . hnrlilr t·_in~ get down
on vout· knre. ;mel frrvrn1lv thnnl;
~· ot;,. rmp loyrt· 1s f!OO that you ar
tlog-gonr l!lnd ~·on t·r li,·ing- in tl1r
t•nl ightrnNl 'ag<' of C'lHistinnity and
tlt11t no mattpr· what hnpprnR .fOil
•·a n ll P \ '<' 1' w11kr up with nn_vthing
\\'Ol'SI' in. i<lP ~· 011 th1111 :1 7.Pllf'g'eWI'·
ht' nfzn PtHlnn g.-- F'. H. W .
.
142 W est 23rd St., New York, N.Y.
Pro pcrou 1915
H .\~
Dawson's Dermal Cream
l'l'l'n~nts \\Tinkl es. oftcns and beautifie skin.· R emoves freckles,
tan . nioth patches and all di colorations. Greatest beautifier of
· the R"'C.
.
One Ounce Jar 60c Postpaid
t>re,lared By
D R. ELIZABETH DAWSON
'1' lepbone Home A-4533
Llano, cant.
Home A-2003
Main 619
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
A. J. STEV-E NS
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Room 51-4
Los An~eles, Cal.
tlw lfll:i prospet·it.'· huhiJI•·
hrok1·n ? Thousands of hnsinrss homP~ in thr T'nitrtl :;;tnt<'H.
liHill~· long f•stahli lwd , hnrkl' nNl to
thl' pi'OSJWt·ity <·all . onl.v to find it
a . irt>u hlowinl! thrir drath krwll.
This SOli!!' of )H'OSJWI'if~· ROIIIlds
likr• n dt NIP pinno without n sonwli iH!-hont·d . Jt gin forth :in llTl·
h:umouions. !!l'ating, tin-like noi ·e
tlint ·hows up its fal sity whl'n lh••
fi t·st uotl' i~ stl'llek. ~ow that l !JW
is upon 11 · • will ra pitali~;m , till dt··
ludl' tl1 1' pt•opll' with it<; fal rtH'~" ~
\\'ill \\' t• !!O thi'OII!!'h nnoflwr yrat· ,,f
huuko- withont waldngT
.. o fal'-:l · \\'I' ran er. till' onl_r
on : who :II'<' .. hi I' I'd " with pr·o~
JWr ity an• munition maJlltfat•tur••r' .
�The Western Comrade
Llano -del Rio
(Continued from Page 15)
t heir· own as they produce it. The
Read ·the Gateway to Freedom
wage basis is set for a figuring carefully, in the light of what I
hase, as well as to comply with have written you.
Remember it
legal requirements.
·
was written by men large in tile
'l'he ' company figures ifself in faith, and is,
minor point , ·
debt to you at the rate of four dol- strong-yes, perhap overdrawn---:'
lars a day and when it begins to but ' not in the possibilities-they·
pay out you wiU ha,·e yours forth- are not overdrawn in any of the
·
" ·
·
··oming-and it will pay out, as we literature.
haYe th e climate, soil and water to
If you intend to join, comrades,
do it.
now is the time to take out an· inThe land is easily cleared and stallment membership, at least: Get
l,·n·lcu, and the water is aYailable. in, I advise you; for if you can
only pay part of the money,. it _is.
l ~.v puttin g in a dam in a nearby
,tream a laiH' will he fo rmed of my conviction that the time "is near
wh en men will giYe the pr-emium
j()()() ar r·cs area ,, holding mQre than
t•· n fr<•t of water· O\'er the greater to get L lano stock and a chance· to
· · ·.
pal't. of its a t·r (t. This lake will en- enter the colon3'·
h:nu• r th e -,·a lnc of the pt·operty
Do not think I haYe been swept
111i llion s of dollars 11 nd will cause off my feet. No, .n ot I! .Afte ~ calm
th•• drscrt to look like the map of investigation_ I drew my own conlrr land . Th e only danger is that elusions; saw it all, and am now ·
telling you, commdes, r ealizing that
1110 many coo ks will spoil th e broth.
Dist> iplinc is essential to success. should I lie or misrepr·esent I would·
justly lose my place as an efficient
~~ill t hr colony is not und emocratic.
Th t>y have their assembly where the agitator in the cause we love. I ,
n111k and fil e discuss the problems. then •fore, say agaiu that. I am conThe mar111gcrs' meet in gs ever y \'inccd f rom a business standpoint,
t>Yrning are opc·n to th e member·- r~Iano is safe. Safe as anything unship. Goocl id c11s are at 1111 times der capitalism can be.
Let us r eview the possibilities:
welcome.
H et·e is the Antelope Valley, in
The social lifr. r \·pn now, is' a
tn•at. Th e shor·t work day gives fa ct a part of t he great l\[ojave
oppor·tunit.y fo r· r·rr rcation. Music d cser·t, stretching away as far as
and song , t'<' heard even in t hese t h_e eyes can see-land that has ·
pionrering days. Ther·e 'are no re- lain dormant fo t· ·ages, because it
st r·ictions in the colony that are n ot was not water·ed. The colony · has
t'onnd in th e rest of the wol'ld. Tt mean at its disposal to put water
is th e 11im of th e hoard to give as on th e land.
Onre this rich pli! in- which in
lnrl:•' a m e~t s m·c of f reedom to the
intii ,·idnal 11s possiblr 11nd still he it s dry state is ndneless- is
•·on. i tant t o the w<'lfm·e of th e to uc·hed hy water· and the plow,
,. mrnunitv.
a w ritable gold min e of virgin
'l'he roiony is a work proposi- strength is tapped: This land will
tio n in 11 workaday world, and aims yield its wea lth of f ruit and grain,
at turning the pt·odnct . oci111ly of beef, wool. A glance at the trees
•·r•·a ted to the soc ial enjoyment of a lready g r·own. and at the growing
· thP e omnrynit~'. accOl'ding to the alflalfa : multiply that by the exrn l<' " eac·h nccording to his deeds. " tent of the desert,' and the possiWhen y01i com e. eomrndes (and bilities of the water ankl there opens
~-ou ,~]] romp sooner or later). do 'before your eyes a v ision of plenty
not t>X\wct to enter another world, and growth that baffl ~s th e imfor. if yon do. you ·will be di ap- a~rination.
.
I realize we are ea ilv baffled.
point<'d: hut eome to eo-operate in
tlr•· :trnggle against capitalism ex- \\-e look at eYer·ything ·from· the
ploihl tion of the indh·idual. hv indiYiduali tic
tandpoint. But
lwnding to17:ethet· for mutual good. when yon multiply the individual
in ~u eh a wav that the law ca nnot power by 1000 and equip them witu
rl .. <tro~· us- and we <'llnnot de froy machinery of production such as
Hd t other.
. cien 'e has placed at our command.
in·
Your Combings
made into switches for
one dollar, post))aid.
•
.:P-EARSON'S
W~k gW~rC~~~tnd.
MRS. E. TURNW ALL
Llano, Cal.
. .
.
..
.
is the only Magazine
of its kind
This is whY:-
:rhree years· ago Pearson's decided t~
be .a free magazine.
This is. what it did:ABANDONED FA CY COVERS
. CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
ADOPTED PLAL PAPER
This was the putpose:A plain fonn would . enable the magazine to live on its income from subscript iems and mon thly sales·. It
would not' have to consider the effect
on advertisers when it wanted to print
the truth about any public question. ·
This was the result:.- Pearson's now prints the truth about
smne ques~hich. aQectsyourwelfare in every issue. It prints [acts
which ~no magazine that depends on • advertising could
"afford '' to print.
And, with all this, Pearsons still prints
as much fiction and entertainment
articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of pretty
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year for $1.50.
By special arr-angement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can get botn PEARSON' S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN CO.MRADE for one year by
sending $1 .50 (the price of
Pearson's alone) to
The Western Comrade
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF•
�26
The Wes t er n Com r a de
Our
Greatest Offer!
Here is a combination offer of The
American Socialist, official orga.n of
the National Socilillst P arty, the
famou s "1914 National _Campaign
Book" and The Western Com rade
that not one ·reader of The Western
Comrade can afford t~ let slip by.
The ·America n Socialist
for one year is . .. ... . . . $ ;50
The 1914 Campai gn Book . _.oO
The Western Com rade for
one year is. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00
Total .. ..... ..•. ...... .. . $2.00
We w ill make y ou a
combination of the
abovi' for just $ 1.35
Take advantage of this offer now!
Address : Circu lation Manager
THE W ES TE RN COMRADE
923 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
the horizon of possibilities widens
and widens.
Aside from the soil, the water
and the co-operation of many men
and women, there is the factor of
climate. A week before Christmas and the cottonwood still
has its foliage·. The grass is
still green· and summer pirds ·are
singin g in the meadow . .·The lo11g
season is another, ·advantage. . Tpe
comparatively small cost. of ·shelter
and the ·natu'ral · advantages . of a
' high and dry climate on health and ·
. well being, are fu r th.e r conJ>idera"tions.
·
I have spoken much of · Llano '
while on the platform of the Social- ·
ist Party. I then had a· fe,\r misconceptions, but t hese soon passed
away when I saw the colony iri
realitY.. I found tlia:t to construct
a world after our .hearts' desire
may not he the world of our com- ·
r ades' dreams ; and to put our· n.o- .
tioils into vogue will not work here.'
Llano is no dream wor·ld . It is a
~artoonist
T HE
"The Great W o rki n g Class D ally"
T HE
MILWAUKEE
LEADER
" Unawed by Influence
a nd Unbri bed by Gain"
Editor-VIc t o r J". J:erger.
Assis lan t • - Jamas H owe. A. M. Simo r1s, <J,.;rn ore Smith., '£homn.s s. An ...
dre w~ .
T il<' Leader Is published In Amer!ca's
Hl.r om;hohl or Socialism.
It Is the
g rea t est English Socialist Dally In the
. v·n•ltl. It is a Mode rn Metropolitan
Dall y, conta ining the latest n e ws.
AmCln g Its distinctive featur<'s Rre :
SOCIALIST NEWS PAG.E, LA·
BOR N EWS PAGE, SPORTING
P AG E , MAGAZINE SECTI ON,
WOMAN' S PAGE, EDITORIP>.L
PAGE.
1'h e pr lc<' or The L eader is 25c per
!Tlon t h; $3.00 ptr year.
·
Com bination otter wit h
The WESTERN COMRADE
Bo th for on e y eRr ror $3.00 ( the
pri<'e or the Milwaukee L eader a lone).
Add ress; .
Circul ation Depa rtment
923 Hlgglna Bldg.,
Loa Angeleo, Calif.
It is employment. , It dejob.
p ends upon the strong in heart and
the steadfast in faith .for v.ictory.
It -has its hardships .n ow, but we
will love it for the price we paid.
We are here on the frontier battling with the god of the desert on
one hand, and . with the monster
Mammon on the other. ·
The influx of new members is
great. They devour what was 'P roduced last year. Last year the older
meinbers were new . and had to be
a:ccustomed to their tasks. This
year they start in a full acquaintance with t he problem and each
other.
·
They have wrought wonders in a
year. What they will yet do I cannot say and make my meaning
clear. You should see for yourselves, comrades, all of you to·whom
I haYe spoken of this great work in
the . f ield of co-operation. You
should come and investigate-not
a Utopia-but a business proposi:
t ion fo r collective b enefit.
Joins Colony
16lrge and steadily gr·owing
\Vestern Comr·acle fa mily has
cause fo1· congratula t ion on the -fact
th at Matthew A. Kempf of New
York has joined the Llano del Rio
_Colony and th e staff of the magazine. Comrade Kempf 'is an artist
and a cartoonist whose · work has
won him fame in the East wher·e he
has hren known through his masterful d1·awings published in various
magazines. Some of the W estern
Com1·ade readers are famili ar with
M. A. Kempf's drawings publish ed
in the Masses.
Several months ago one of his
drawings occupied the t wo center
pages of that. magazine and th e picture created a vast amount of favorable comment. in all manner of publications in the East. New York.
daily n ewspapers as well as scores
of other publications r eprinted the
car toon. The drawi ng depicted
g risly death. on horseback beckoning the United States to join the
rarna~e.
Th e treatment of the
.ghastly winrows of the slain, the
grim darkling of the night sky
made doubly gruesome by the burning homes formed a composition
t hat was most compelling. The picture alone was e non ~h ta have
IH"ou ght any ar tist into the · fore~
·fr·ont of successful cartoonists.
Since .that time a number of Comrade Kempf's d r·awings. have· appea red in the Western . Comrade.
Now the ar t ist ·an.d his ·wife have
jonrn eye~l f rom New York to Califomia to become members of the
Llano del Rio Community.
Comrade Kempf wm take up as
1114t c h outdoor work as h e will be
permitted to do. ·He will illustrate
articles for t he W estern Comrade
and will t each art classes in the
Llano schools, where he expects to
develop a large amount of latent
talent.
The colony is steadily gathering
persons of great ability. and in this
latest r ecruit to the community the
pre.sent and absent members are
alike to be felicitated.
With more enrollments in the
new art classes at Llano the educational average will be increas('d.
\ Vhen the populat ion of t.be community was sli·g htly over 600 th('re
were 260 p ersons enrolled in the
Yarions schools and educational de·
nartments. This include·d all age
from the 2-vear-olds in the Mont r. ·
sori school . up to 'Some of the 50yl'a r-olds in t he night schools.
�The WesteTn ComTade
Marked for Death
By Horte11se Flexner
HE had
a woodland
startled, gay-
look-half-
As if hl1r eyes, light-thirsty, had
not learned
1'o wake accustomed on .earth's
JOYOUS day.
.
.\ child, whose merriment and
wonder burned
Tu harmlesr.; flame, even his uniform
Wal> but a lie to hide his windwild grace,
Whose limbs were ·rounded youth,
too supple, warm,
To hold th e measure of the
street-made pace, .
\lusil' and marching-colors in the
sky•
ThP crowded station, then the
t rain- farewell!
For a II he had the glance, exultant,
shy,
That seemed to marvel, "More to
see--to tell ! "
y,.f ll'ith his breathing moved, hid
by his coat,
A :\'lflVrBERED. :VTETAT.1 DTSK,
STHAPPED HOUND IDS
'riTROAT!
Pictures for Propaganda
Shoot :Capitalism
With:. a ·
Stere~ptic:o~
Anyone can lecture with the· ai~ of pictures; they tell the
story, you point out t.he moral.- . Pictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They ma-ke_your wo;rk doubly effective.
We tell· you how to. get the greatest results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete informati~n.
W.
SCOTT.·LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street. ·
Los Angeles, California
Watch Congress!
HimE comes th e good little Publie at this late day accusing the
Grrman Socialist deputies with failing- of: steadfast adherence to prin~ ipl" such JI;S has recently been
show n hy one Democrat .congressman who has opposed militarist
plnns, fllld layin g at the door of
tho ~e memh 1's the fratricidal war
in l<:nrope. All right, let's watch
th i ~ Democratic
ongress. Let's
also keep an eye on the lonely Soeinli~t congressman. Her e we will
get n lot of "steadfast adh erence to
prinr iple, " t.he principle of capitnli~t greed R nd grab. Jt will not
h~ rivers nnd hnrbors pork- but it
. will ht> pork.
Cut Your Fuel ··Bill
and Get More Heat
.
Burn Air and Oil
t
Into Our Pocketbook
E.\ r '·l Dl'l'URES of the ational
(;o ernment w re high enough
la,t ,\'\•nr, but thi year tht>re will be
a l'IIIJ for nbout $160000,000 in·rl'asr. If l\fyer IJondon a ks for
that peace appropriation he is
Hk,•h· to make himself heard even if
all ·he million finally go for de·tru<·tion of life. A ociali.! t con~tt.>ssman wont be mothered ve~
duri tJ!!' preparationi t madness.
.
By burning air and oil in your cook stove, heater, range, boiler
or fu rnace.
Who would think of running an automobil~ on coal or wood t
Yet hundreds of thousands of people today are using coal and
wood to cook with.
If the railroads of today should take off their oil-bwning
locomotives and replace them with the old style soft coal engines,
the inefficiency of the old engines would cause a great deal of
dissatisfaction.
·
Why do you continue to use the old inefficient methods for
heating and cooking?
The I. N. L. oil burner forms a g&s that burns with an extreme
heat. The cost of fuel is extremely low, ranging from three cents
per gallon and up.
The installation i"s also simple, al d the principle of operation
is understood at sight.
For further particulars and price list of burners address
. Llano del Rio Company
Mail Order Department
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
Territory open for iive agents
�The Western Comrade
28
THE WESTERN COMKADE
. . . . .43
Entered u eecond-clua matter at tlle
po~~t .o lllce at Loa Angelea, Cal.
924 Higgins Bui!dlng, Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year·
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. Jll
Dcccrnhri·, 1915
No.
Random Shots
"DOg-uilty
you bclic1·e
·! " ns]\('U
Joe Hill 1vns
a r'g'lllli!'Otist
who squ l·rzcd a dqzc·u hool\s on Sc i.t•ntific Soc·ialisnr ht •nc·atlt his C'lhow
:wd hr·:H·c•d lt irnsr•I L fo r· wordy t·ornHO
hat.
'I' lit· rpwst ion ;r rrd tir e brar·i ng was
•· lranw tnrist.ic· of tilt• t_vpP.
·
'l'lr r: awnver·:
" Guilty of what 9 I dou 't e ren
l<now wit.lt wltnt Ire waR charged hu t
[ do know th e pPoplc of th e !::itatc of
I hdr a rc guilty of a brutal and coldbloo<lr:d mnrrl er . Th eir deed of blood
anrl horror waR studirrl, prcmct!itatcrl , and waR committed after· long.
r·oolin~ tim e.
No morr bestial or
s i ckcnin~ scrr1 c has been r uact ed iu
n so-cllll nd. eivi lizcd state in ·a ccntlu·y. This stlHli ed barbarity is infiuitcly wor·sc t ltnrr th e lmT'Iling oC
11 e~rocs in 'J'f•xas or· lyn chings in
hlood y Cc01·gia. Th e p eopl e of Utah
a1· as mtmie1·ous iu th eir instincts
r1s 1hr p eople of .ali forn i.a. and both
nr·r guilt.v ns hrll !''
?.:~
~
MA.NY lC'tt~· r·s hnl'!· r r :wh1'd this offu'r dur11r ~ t frp past month
whrrr in r(•Rd\·r·s ln11·•· r xprrssrd opin ions l'f'gar<ling th1' nrtielc hv G. E.
Rolton <•Htitk\l " Mur·drn•r·s. "\' on a nd
1.'' in 0 111' No,·,•mlll'r issn<'. Onl\' a
fr11~ hnY <• disug'l'l'<'d 11·ith th r \l'l'i.h•r.
nnd thos<' h,, . wa~· ol' disn 1'011·in g- that
thev nr·c llllll'd r r(' l' nntl d rt·r·vin (l' thr
w~iter s finnl derlnration of l;ate~ 'fh c
nrtiele spems to ha 1·r had the rff ct
of li.ronsi11 g Cali fo l'l1in rcnuers t o thr
l'('loli?.ntioH that. w t' ar·e a ll madr mm·rler·t>rs. willing!~· o r· uuwillingly, hy
lnws that en nst' " th e p!'ople of th e
stntr .. to s tt·nngh' hnmnn b ri ngs.
~
:"1-.
MAY
W I'
..
!.!
;~.
lVAN','
!}:
"'' '
:Y:
hp Jll'l'Ulittetl to s_nggest
CIJRJ~'f]lf AS
WISH
''You may share your heart with othets .• dearest,- but not your gold ."
Th P
c·harn.cter~ n · pre~·· nt
t:u!-i!"ia and Fra n ce
-Kl acld~ rada tB c h.
T II.\EII irignominious
defeat ot' till'. J :\
s iu th e· Dardanelles is
thr· . tam pede br·otwht about
thr pt·(·pnra1 io.uist conspira·
tors we :cern nhou t to he presented
t lr C' induhitahiP fH'Oof th11t we
:r r·c und r r what Bu r·kc f'alled "the
hoofs or th e swinish multitude.''
~ha11: . a~-s "whnt the prople l!frc
in th e pit and j!aller·y, they filso a re
in th e poll in"' hoot h." ·w hat the
peopl e r end. so do th ey t hink. · 'fodny in thi rrreat " d('mot'racy" the
people a rc r("ading- the' daily
press. Burke 's statement wHl vary
,..-ith the quare- the rat io being
the p t>r ePnt of p !'ople reading and
helieYing tht' -rapitalist daiJ,y newspaper · of .\ merica. \Ve are in a
position to know the m1mber is di hearteningly Jarge.
b~-
<iennany 's gr·ea.t cst victory. Ccr·rn lm gun . in G<•rmnn d e ignc<l
fortres r;;;. Ger·nuru officers and
d ou htlc ·s man~· German fighting
meQ ar·c ·n·. ponsihle for th e gr,eat
,· ietor·~- .
Britain hn pnicl a h e ay~; toll
iu li f,.. nnd treasut·e and her·
F.g"yptian holdings a r e in danger.
Stan·ing Germany seems to b e a
t·o tl~- proeednre.
A
:-::
~":
~
to som!' of our dogmatic and
A INATIO on the scaffold
is the worst form of assa sinahypet·er·itical brethren, who mistake
motion for progrel-3 . that a dead fi h. tion beeau e there it is invested
<•an float down tream. but it takes with the approval of oeiety.R!'\·olutiotiists.' Handbook
a lh·e- one· to witn up'.
Berllri
�The Western Comrade
BEFORE you r ead the following
lines be warned that they were
taken from a speech by one of England's ablest statesmen, a profound
1hinker with a clearness of vision
that lifts him far;;above hi's aaso<·iates. Lord Roseberry,· a Liberar
iu the broad sense, who has in this
(·ase no mot ive other than that of
the good of 'humani_ty, said in a r e•·ellt public gathering:
·" I k now nothin g more rlisheartl'!l ing t h11n the. an nouncement r e.. r ntly m11d.r t hat th e l nited ·
~tatcs-t h c 011e g reat country left
in I hr worl rl free f rom t he hid!lous,
h]oody bu r den of Wll l'.....:..is llh out to
t'tllha rk upon th e bu ild in lf of a hu ge
:ll'lnnda dPstin ed to be equ al or serond t o our own. It mea ns th at th e
hilr·clr n will rontinue upon t he othe1·
nat ions. ::tnd he in cr eased ex::t etly in
proportion to t he fleet of t he United
.' l:llrs. I confess t hat it is a di slt Pa rtrn in g pr ospect that th e United
::;1 at r:;;, so rP mote f r om t he F.uroprnll ronft ir t , •s hould volunta ril y in
lhP~r dn:v:;; t11 k e up th e hurd en ,
wltirh, Rft r J' t hi s war, will be found
to h::tvc hrok en, m· almost hroken,
01 11' hacks. "
1' hr ronsp iJ·::tcy of th e Ameri can
nrmn ment. tru st w ill not only pro ve
n IPITifi c hurd en on th e· work ers of
Oll l' rounb'y. hu t will place a still
)lTra tr t' hmd r n upon t he p eopl e of
ot hrt· nati.ons.
"QVEH t her e th e dollar alone
rul es, and all diplom acy is a
prst ilrn ti::tl S\vllmp ; decency is an
in frC'quc nt gu est . with sc orn grinning rver over its shoulrl er: th e
<·n trr pr r neur is a rog ue, th e offi cilll
a nmchasable puppet. Hie lady 11
•·olrl -r t·ellm-cover ed l11dy-peacock. "
A fo reign writer ha s j ust s11 irl this
ahon t t he United Rt11tes. w ·e won 't
l•·ll von wh o it w11s hec::tuse we must
nll ~rmll it~ n r u trlll . Jt 's simply awfn l the impression some of th ese
pt·rsnmpti o"nl'; anrl e n v ion ~'> ontsid Prs
l!l't f ns!
** *
N O'rHTNG can stop r eactionary
protectionists from for c in~ a
t'fo l·ision to th e high tariff of th e
~ronrl old days. No longer will th e
llf'Nl to t rot out that tatterdemalion
' pau per l11 hor of Europe. " 'fhey
havr a better scarecrow in the war:
nnd as 11 result it will be an easy
~-,~~ ,. at Washington- and there wiil
h~> mncl1 pork.
·We do with Talkiq Madmaea what Ford did with Autoe
Y~s~WHYTHIS
BEAU.TIFUL~
R
TALKING. MACHINE
SELLS FOR .- ONLY
$10·
r---:---------,
If you h~ve never been willina to &pebd
$25 fora talking machine thia ia your chilncc.
·s:zc 1 5 ~ inchc. ot b..e: 8~ hiah. Aolrlor
The MUSIGRAPH iai!large, good-looking, """ or mohoeony 6niah. Nickel plated,
right-aounding as mac
ea aelling for $£5.
E.lf:!l•vl~~~~~~bf!"'!der.:..:':•~
How <lowe do it? H re'othe an•wer: Gi11an<ic . recorda, 10 ond ll inch... Worm eeor
profit• have been made from $25 machine• because of motor. Threaded windina oholt. Pt!l'o 2
,l e: n ~i nch recorda w i1 h one w inding--Tone
patent right monopoly. Millions have BOne for ad- c:cnt:o!lina door. Ncatond oolidly mode ..
vertising $25 machine!~, and these millioni came back
from the public. The attempt io to malte $25 the standard price. It's too much.
The trust price 11ame is broken, Here is . a machine which giveo perfect oatialaction
{guaranteed) lor only $1 0. It will fill your home with dancing, good music, fun and happiness . Money back if it ian't aa repreaented. MUSIGRAPHS. are selling by the
thousands. People who can alford it buy showy autos. but common-sense people ~tladfy ride
·Fords-both 8el over the ground. Same way with talking machines, _only the MUSIGRAPH
loolto and worlto like the high-priced instruments.
·
· '·
WHAT BETTER CHRISTMAS GIFT CAN YOU THINK OF? Muai·
•rapha play any atandard diac record, high-priced or. even the little five and
ten cent recorda. Hurry your order to makt> aure of Chriatmaa delivery.
We are advertising theae big bargain machines through our customers-one MUSIGRAPH
in uae sella a dozen more.
One caah payment is our plan. So. to-day, to inaureChriatmaadelivery, send $10,
by P. 0. money order, ched:, draft, express order or postage llamps. All w~ aslt it that you
tell your neighbo1s how to llet a MUSlGRAPH lor only $10.
GUARANTEE.
Thia machioe is u rehi'aenled. both u to
-Address
MUSIGRAPH, Dept.
224 .
:::r;~~~~~he~U'slC~AP..rr:C:!
Diatributon Advertiaiq Service (Inc.)
Get your money back.
142 West 23rd Street, New,..
..York C'dJ
repreoented oend it bock immediatel7 and
The Social-Democrat
~Ha te 1 aper of the Socialist Part.'' of Cal ifornia, 75
t·Pnt.s a year .
F or ~n.35 we will send vou t he Social-Democrat
and th e 'V est ern Comrade both for one year . This
L ' a combination you can hardl .v overloolc
Address :
The Western Comrade
923 Higgins Bldg.
Los Angeles, Cal.
�Knit Underwear
.
.
·Cheapest ~ Becaus~ It Wears -Best
W9men's~
Men's
Union Suits, low neck, knee length, siZes 32
to 44 .. . .. . . . . ... . ... . ....... .. .......... . . . $1.25
Union Suits, half low neck, elbow sleeves, ankle
length, sizes 32 to 44 .... . .................. 1.25
Under Vests, sleeveless, sizes 30 to 44. . . . . . . . . • .35
Night Robes, sizes 32 to 46 ........ .' . . ...... .. . 1.50
Hose, extra, wearing, black, sizes 8 to 101;2. . . . . .30
Hose, light weight, all colors, sizes 8 to 10~. . . .50
Undershirts, light weight, ·c.t-eam, sizes 34 to H .. $ .75
Under-shirts, light ·weight, black; sizes 34 to 44 •• 1.00
Drawe_rs, light .wei~ht, cream, sizes 30 to 44 . ... .75
Drawers, light weight, cream, sizes 30 to 44 . • •• 1.00
Shirts ·and. Drawers, doubte fteeced, grey, sizes
30 to. 44 ................ ... ............ . .... 1.25
Shirts and Drawers, Egyptian cotton, ecrn.
sizes 30 to 44. ·.. , .. . . ·. .. . . .. ·. ...... . ... .... 1.50
Men's Hose
Extra wearing value, black, !!izes 9 to lith .... .$ -25
Heavy weight, black, sizes 9 to 111;2, 3 pairs . ... 1.00
Girls'
Boy~' .
Children's
Union Suits, sizes 20 to 30. : .$ .50
Union Suits, better grade,
sizes 20 to 30 .... : ....... 1.00
Hose, black, tan or white,
sizes 6 to 101;2.. .. .. .. .. . .25
:$
.. Union · Suits, sizes 20 to 32 ..
.eo
-Taped unions, answering
Union Suits, ·better grade, ·
purpose of a. waist,
sizes 20 to '32.. .. .. .. .. .. .90
sizes 20 to 28 .......... $ .65
Sportsm&n·s· hose for boys,
Same as above, only better grade, sizes 20 to 28 1.05
sizes 6 to 101;2 ... . .. ,25 , to .40
Pure Wo.ol Goods
Made by Wool Growers' Co-operative Mills·
Direct From Sheep's Back to Your Back
Black a..nd Grey Mackinaw Coat,_ length 25
Inches, sizes 36 to 44 .. .. ....... .. .. . ...... $8.00
Trousers, Grey and Navy Blue, usual sizes ... . $4.00
Shirts, Grey and ' Navy Blue, usual sizes .. .... . 3.00
Blankets
White or grey, lOx 2 in., weight 5 lbs . . ... . .... $7.85
Grey, 70x82 ln., weight 7% Jbs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.~
Llano del Rio Community
<Mail Order Department)
923 Higgins Bldg.
(K&kre all checks or money orders pa.y111ble to
Los Angeles, Cal. ·
Llan~
del Blo Company)
�E~ LKSKIN
BOOTS a':'d· SH.OES·;·
~
...
Factory operated · in ccmnection
with LLANO DEi. Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-iilch boots. $6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch boo~ . 8.00
Ladies ' 12-in. boots .. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men's Elk·work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies ' Elk shoes . . . 4.00
Infants ' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .. .. .. . ..... 1.50
Child 's Elk shoes,
5'12 to 8 . . . . . . . . . . 2.00
Child's Elk shoes,
8lf2 to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.50
Misses ' and Youths,
11'12 to 2 . . . .. . ... 3.00
I
Place lltocklng foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around aa per above 11luetratlon. Pau tape
around at linea without drawing tight. Give
alze uaually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outd-o or
M~n
The famous Clifford Elksltin Shoes arc l~ghtest and
easiest for solid co~fort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' . men's
and children's button or lace · in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for ·
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by :nutu. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of tovm shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall for ward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Riggins Building, Los AngeleSJ Cal.
�Colony ~etnbe~ships· For·Sale
A
Llano del..... Rio Community
::-.INOUNCEl\'IENT is hereby made that
about seventy-five . vacancies will l:>e
· made in installment m~mber_ships ..
when that many canrellations are forced by
failtn·r to r~ake paymrnts. ~This is caused in
nc•arly every instanre by ill~ess, death or dis-
t>llc.~d pioncet·ing in the Northwest make exceHent ~oJonists. 'l'hey ·are always welcome
at !,Ja'no: \Ve. are -adding tq our land holdiugs, onr ma ·hinery," our livestock and
implrments. \Ve· are clearing land and preJ)arir·•ii' tnmdreds of acres for planting. Con- .
r--=J=-------------------·......
employment of ah-_
~~-....., tinuous employsent comrades or
ment i's assured to
members of their
all who join us.
famity.
'rhis rs
· 1£ yon are tired of
110t a large numth e fight in · the
bet·
considering
competitive world
the t It o u s an d
come
to · Llano
memh r rships. J t
and he lp work out
leaves the colony
this - great _pl·ohwith about J50
Jrm of cooperamemberships for
tion.
Read the
sale. :'If any of our
statements on
absent
members
·p4ge two · of this
have tal{rn the
magazine ·; read
short cut, closed
tlui stories. apout
out their business
tl~e. _
c p)ony. Write
affa ir·s,
' shipped
for .the free bookth eir goods and ·
let entitled "The
joined the col.Gateway to Freeonists. 'J'h is has
dom,' ' ask for an
caused a rather
application blank
unexpected rush
and you will be in
and again cone -=~=
a fair way to take
gested t h e trans"Billy" Young Riding Herd at Llano
the step that may
portation departbe the turning
111ent and put thr huildt>t's hdtind, hut it all j)oiut _iu ,vour life. If you have the pioneer
clen rs rnpidly . We watit workers. Nt>ed an spirit and nrc a f'O-operator at h eat·t and you
additional civil Pngineer, a photo engra'{er , . <·an qualify by showing a clean record for
a. physician, a df'ntist and about ouc hnndred sohriet~· . industr·y and honesty you will be
farmers of experienC'e. Th e Not·thwest holds \\'elcomNI · hy hundreds of your comrades
thiS: hundr·ed and wr hope to re<>ruit them who are l~Ying happily at the Llano del Rio
thet·r. :'lff'n and \\'Omrn who ha ve experi- l'Ommnnity. Los Angeles County, California,
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
Membership Department
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-12
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1915-12
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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v03n08
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2059a391af1e6207b6c2d29a0cb22682.pdf
d87462cc978edab7fccef04aeca244c3
PDF Text
Text
�-Drawn for Tloe Wuttrn- Comradt by M. A . JVmpf
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
----------------------------
Political Action
VOL. III
Devoted to the Cauae of the Workers
Co-operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., NOVEMBER. 1915
Dll'ect .Action
NUMBER 7
Basin on Big Rock Where the New Dam Will Form a Great Lake
EDITORIAL REVIEW
By Frank E. Wolfe
the comments, critical and encouraging,
O thatall have
come in since the printing of Job
E"
Harriman's article on fanaticism in the Socialist
Party, no one has so cogently put the case as a comrad~ of northern California, who says:
"The article in ·western Comrade on 'Fanaticism
:Means Failure, ' is most timely. Just as the church
has said, 'Let us get together and believe something
about Jesus,' instead of saying, 'Let us get together
and put the principle of Jesus at work.' So the
Socialist Party has said 'Let us get together and
believe some economic doctrine!' instead of saying,
'Let us get together on a simple program of co-
operation and public ownership.' 'l'he American
peoplP will never ·get together on doctrine, economic
or religious. But they are well nigh ready for a
simple program. I think the time is ripe for a
movement that will parallel to some extent the
English 'I. L. P.' A movement that will have the
ultimate goal in view, but will be wise enough to
begin with a program that will unite all forward~
moving people. A 'National Public Ownership
League ' is a good suggestion. • • •
''Hundreds of thousands of people are ready to
move thus who will never become 'doctrinaires!'
The Ame:-ican mind is not interested•..in photoplays,
�6
T h e W e s te r n C o m r a d e
it wants adiol'lt not a preachment, but a program,
and a program that does not reach too far beyond
the horizon of' .tire an~ragc mind. We wa»l; a move-
tain of thr higher subdivisions are in the hand~< of
heresy-hunting doctrinrs who will not IH·ook any
progressive action.
They ~'ill tell you I he part~· is drifting into thP
po"sition of the olcl S. L l'. and that its political
power is gone.
+
+
+
O
N.E might gc·t tlw idea that the dogmatic !::iocialist of the "headquarters·· type might at
least remain " .prutral. " This is not thP <'Hse. If,.
is more .likely to ahaudoir his assaults 011 t hr ramparts of <:apitalism a11d train the mighty cngi11ery
of his ·fighting guns 011 thP ad\"aw·ing column's of
his O\I"Ji comrades who arP trying to put his preHt· h.
r.nt•ut into practice.
'' I want to · see thP Llano •·olony fail,'' sai::l a
srcrctary of . thr rxPeutive committee in a largP
California city. \Yhpn the~' (the men a_nd women at
JJ!a11.o ) lose out they will be hetter Soeialists."
This amazing statrnwnt has hrc•n duplicated in
othrr sections. Soc·ia lists of Califomia haYe hrc11
driven into a panic of fl'ar O\'t•r statemt'nts printed.
in an infamous la)Jor-hat ing nrwspaprr. From thrir
actions onr might well hPii('Y(' the statement th11l
this notorious journal iii to thP "Red H-r-l'l"olutionist '' what thl' Bihli• is to an or·thoclox T'rrshytrriallsar· r·Pd. nnd to hl' lwlirvPd "fr·om kive r· to kiYrr·. ,.
BOHIWWING ;\ HALF BILLlON
Just a Minute, Pl ease
-- I >Ps Molrws
J~Pglster
anll Leader
mt·nt t ha t 1vill get th e p eople, t he state to begin to
move in the right direction. ''
111' is right. Our way hns ht'L'Il fait h but no
wodu;;. \\'c lw,·e advocated thPories until the welkin ran ~, but whPHeve r· anyone has attempted a
pr·aetieal appli(·ation of those throrics he h as been
th e oh.ied. of t hr bit t er est attacks from his fellow
theor·ists. In Ca lit'omia, as in oth er states, the party
rrwmhership is a t a low ehh. H er r we have thou sands of splendid s piritcd eomrades who have lapsed
their· c·n r·ds and ar·r outside the oq~anization. A-,J,ed
a. rPason ma11y will sa.v heeausr thcre is u o ac·tion;
that till' Yar ious loc·als, •·ity organ izations and rer-
I
N the vast roJT(•spondPIII·t• that flo ws into these
offit·rs th t• r·p r·omt·s from 11rarly cYe ry ·state in the
UlliOn t'X)li'<'SSiOIIS Of prof'Olllll) gratitude that SOmewh er e a group of ~oc·ialists has hePn hr·a1·e enough
and pnergetie rnough to do somt'lhing.
'' Tha11k God for SCIIIIP :wtion! I am tired of this
platfnnn throrizi11g. I shall join yon, if 1 am permittPtl. and help wor], out thP prohlrm of feeding,
r·lot hi11g, and making happy humans. T know it is
indiYidunl dPiiv Pra ll r·P for a f'p\1· thousands, hut it
" ·ill maj'r a worrderfnlly impr·rssi,·e rlPrnonstration
for I hP wor·ld. '· \\TitP~ another prospel't.
" "· ton. is right . To soh ·p the prohlrms he mentions nll'HIIS a thousand morP •·oloniPs: it means a
1110\"(' toward thP Sl'iZIIrP of thP SOlii'I'PS of lifP that
will hr rP\·o!nt1onary.
�r.
I
The Western · Comrade
7
E AHL LOHEBORN
startled England when he de- w
ATCH the unfolding and _growth of the condared in the House of Lords, that revolution ·
spiracy of the armament ·mak rs . . 'fhe <~ub
" ."" c·c·rtain to follow in ".Europe if the conflict were,_ · idy slides oveJ," the -face of the purchascd ·pre sand
··ontinuc·d indc•finitl'ly. This. is most, encouraging. the agitation ·for l~rge war appr·opriations grows
The· c·nrlfiid will eontin~re indPfit1itely 11ncl it will be amain.. . ever\,·as .t he Ameriean pre s so beaut ifully
l'ollum·t! "·'' 1'('\'0 iut ion in (' \'l' I'Y Elll'Opean country. . oile;d ~vith th~ sin oth lu'b rit·ant of capitalist gold.
Fit'tc·t·n millions of mPn have been killed ot· dis- Fr·om th large dallies to: the mallest pomographie
;d>il't! for life and c·,ountlPsS lhousmHlS of non-com- shrets, ..ther:e is a,.t"l'Y for war·ships, fortifieation and
l>;tlitllls· )ins ha\·c· J>t• c>Jl cles1J'OyPd hy this hueJo;tel'S 1 <I grea:t army. "
,,·;~r·. En~land a Jon<' is S]WtHI ing- *21 ,000.000 a cl.ay,
PreparPrlncss 1s the (•;".'(. Well, preparedness will
princ·ip;~ll~· for munitions.
Billions mor·e, will be
']"· nt. (;c·rmany is pro_l)llhly S]Wncling as much, and
tl11 • otlwr allic•d powc·r·s arc• pouring- out untold trellstlt·c · of' gold. Ancl thc· r ncl is no t. in sight. Englmlll
i, making- dPSJH'rafP appPals f01· tlr r pc.ople to turn
tiJPir sow r·eigns into sh!•lls and their· shillinp;s into
slmt[lll<'l. 'l'hP <'I'~' is "Cnrsh Grrm11ny with English
~nltl! ' '
ThP stru~glt• has sPttlc·cl into dogg!•d determination to hold out to thP t•nd. ln England, Fr11nce,
( :c·rrnnn:v 11nd all oth!•r (·01111tries th e c-ensorship is
IIJot·c· rigid th11n (·n r· ], pfo t'P. ln Lonclon the Dail:v
(;]nhc• WllS SIIJl{ll'PSS!'d for asJ<ing th e ~OYCrmnent ()ml>arrassing- qm' stions. and a fpw d11:vs later a similar
l'afp o\·rrtook t.hP powe rfql VoPn\·llrt7. of B Prlin .
Tht• British shc·d was nwrely radi eal. The German
jonrn11l w11s thP l ra cling Socialist d11ily in t h e coun try. Thr qu<'stions asl<ecl by onr German c·omrades
m·rP c'OU(·hecl in th~ pol itest tPrms ancl thP rlrmancl
wns for morP l;nowiPclgr 11hont. th() war and morr
f-ntthfnltwss in shrtrmPnts that \Yrrr offi r irlll~· puhlishPd.
Suppt·c•ssion is what thP 8oe ialists of Germany
hill'(> thr·i\'Pd upo n . rndrr Bismark 's iron laws the
par·ty ~trP\\' at a r·atc· that appallc•d the EmpPror.
SupprPssion at this h otll' will do much to fan the
snJotlldPring t•ryo]t into <·onsnming flames.
\\"ht•n tl1t• hour strii<Ps Emope w ill hr swept. as
\Yitht a c·_vc·lonc• . . Hc•a djust nwnt thPr<' will me11n an
on•rt urning hc·n•. 8oeialists in America h11ve the
!!rra trst opportnnity for propaganda that h11s ever
hc·c·n prPsPntt·cl in th<' history of th!• mo\'!•ment. ];orrJ,orn fnrPsrc•s 1"(•\ ' 0it. 11nd Hritish · worl\t•rs wiiJ clo
''"' i r pH rt to ma I«· t hP pr·pc] i!·f ion r•omr t r·u <·.
THAT BH,T,
Now Who Do You Suppose Will Have to Pay Jt?
prcv(•n t war. \Viin Pss Clermany- th e IH,st pr(!pared
•·otrntr·y in the world . 'l'hPr<' JH'Il<·c•, plt·nty and prospcrit:v rrigu. J;et us prPpat'l' for· war an<l havP the
JH'Il<'P of Germany.
�8
'rhe -Western Comrade
T
HE LaFollette alien seaman's law did not go
into effect on November 4, as per the provision
of the acts. The law is indefinitely suspended· on order of the Secretary of Commerce. T he enactment
of this measure was hailed as a great victory for the
workers. Vessels are being given clearance at the
'' discreti"on of collectors of ports.'' PrettY:. so.ft for
the collectors!
Nullification of the seaman's protective law ..findfi.
a hundred parallels in similar acts· for the betterment of the working class. In Calif~rnia an act protecting the puhlic ft·om the-danger of moving trains
by telegraph by inexperienced operators was set
asirl<• by 'the state railroad commissioners.
.
In Los Angeles every effort possible is being ·put
f01·th hy eve ry lahor-hatlng journal and organization to t•epeal the two-platoon ordinance for city fir<'mrn. This "working elass measure" was adopted .
hy an ovct·whchning vote on an initiative election.
E1·erywherr n " h ighet· power" is invoked to nullify
lahor lPgislations. These acts crept throu gh while
the ex ploiters were not looking. Now they are to be
at·hitrarily nullifi ed. Such instances make it difficult
fot· th e political actionist to keep a stt·aight faeP
wh ilc arguing f01· the use of the ballot ns a means of
righting the wrongs of the workers.
T
+
+
+
HERE are more revolutionary · Socialists in
California and in the United St·fltPs now than
ever before, yet the party membership is about ourthird what it was a few years ago. Ther e is a distinct demand for action-political, dir<'rt. nnrl
through ro-opcrativc movements.
T
+
+
traitor is not a mere accidenf A determined effort
will be made to arouse alarm and distrust. Our comrades are forewarned of ~hese attempts.
othing
~v ill be left undone to discredit the great enterprise.
+
IT A'l' agPnts !H'OI'aea tcnr should be sent into the
rolon.v fot· th<' put·pos<' of sowing the se<'ds of
diss(•nsion was a fo regone conclusion. '!'hat 1hesc
fW T'sons should hl' hl•rn, tactful anu of thp typt• that,
fora tim<' at least , roulu dcrf' il'r and lead thr mcmhr rs of the community was also to he expectNl. !\'lost
of tli<' residents at Jjlano at·e convinced that at least
two of these effDI'ts have been made. 'fhe fact that
the chief labor-hating n ewspaper of California has
so vigorously championed the cause of a disturhe1·
is taken as an indication that the operation of this
"Lay Up Treasurer for Yours.elves-"
•
- The Masses
:\1eanwhilc we gro11' apare. Each day sees us more
strongly entrenched than before. There is no outside influence that can harm us. Loyalty, faithful- .
ness and confidence of our comrades will make us
inYulncrahle. Everywhere our friends should view
with distrust t he efforts. that may be made by these
agrnts of rapitalism. '\Ve are out to win unbounded
surress anrl .earh 'day sees us nearer our goal.·
+
+
+
The coYer page of this issue is from a photograph
of a r rmarkahle hronze engraving by Adolph Feil, a
mcmhet· of the·l,Jano rlcl Hio Community.
�Tile Western Comr(Jd e
9
Murderers-You and 1!
_~ J>: G. E. BOLTO
"-~
~!!!!~
~~~ B ha i:e just killed a boy-;you and I. He
was a y<mth, in the day of his adolesence.
Did you think, a I. that this wa ome moth r 's
boy; that he should be there with h4n G ths; she
lle had b'ut wandered from a mothw?s. ould take his body when we lowered it and· said:
care. But we . have killed him in our
Woman, b~hold thy on !" Then it eined to me that
blood Ju~t, you and I. We strangled him
h '~a ili!lre ~M that she took ~m, h r boy, her.and he died slowly, horribly.
bal?y-for·.be' w·a s that to her e-uep after e ' killed
~
H ave you evet· before en anyone die h.im-and at b td him a mother have 'alway at,
' by the rope 1 Is it not horrible to see and· with
. her ·hair he. W:ip d the d w of death om
the bloody froth from hi . lip - fro:m
them, to look at t he writhing bodie, the distorted l1i · brQw
t'a n~, the staring eyes, the protruding tongue-for no
the lip · 9£" the boy yqu and I had j t trangled to
ld:u· k hood of death t·ould conceal that.
death; sl;le . held h~ h ad Qn h r lap and moaned a
\\' hat did .von see wh en we killed him ? I am not onlj_ stricken mothers can.
Jllorhiu hnt J am deep in the
'' Gh•e him to me, now
· y ou have done with him·. He
s•·,·ne and ] want you, who
,,,.)peel me kill him , to dwell
was my baby only a little ·
while ago. He 'was so sw et
on it with me.
to
me, o gentle. · I never
impressed
you
Wha t
ny F r a n k H . \Va t e
knew him to be harsh or
1110st 'I \Vas it the screams,
SHUDDER as I watch him- ·
cruel. .· ¥Y boy, my baby
t he swoon in g of the sister
My victim!
·
boy ! What have · they done
or the dry sobs of-the mother
His upturned face is white as chalkta you Y You were such a
nJ· the boy 's own manner 1
Drawn cheeks and burning eyes___:
beautiful boy and . we loved
Do you know what imHis parted lips and glistening t eeth-'you
so.· You used to sit with
.
I
watch
it
all!
pressed me most? I think it
me there at hoin,e ~nd we
was the silence-and the
I tremble lest he take his lifewatched the sunsets, your
quick sounds. I looked to
My victim!
'head
on my shouldet--;and
see who it was making a
The scaffold in the prison yardnow they . have strangled
dry, choking soun'd, not sobs
The priest with cowl and bookThe shadows dancing 0n the wall- .
you." .
but the retching of a body
I watch it all!
'l'hen . there seemed a
t1·ying to keep from crying
long
silence, broken only by
aloud. 'fhen the clanging
I hear him utter his futile prayer.
low
moans,
and then again
doors! How it startled us
My victim!
He leans upon the padre's armher voice:
after the silence and · the
A crash ! His soul has flown!
"Your neck was so soft
waiting!
I am the State-avenged am I and sweet and now it's so
Did you -hear the droning
But lo! My hands are stained!
bruised and mangled. They
Yoi e of the priest? He
say it was but justice. I
mumblP.d his words horribly,
prayed to the Mother whose
but I lmow he was not saying "Thou sbalt .not kill. " He does not say that be- son was slain as you have been, but the priests said it
r:ln!¥) he, too, b.elieves in the killing, and he helped was God's will. Now you are gone from us forever.
My boy, my ba~y boy ! " .
us- you and l - in the killing.
Did you hear it, you who have strangled . tbis'
Did you hear the groans-not of the dying, but of
tho e who were doing the killing? Did you feel the child T
You say you did not kill him 1
. tab in your seul when the boy's body shot downward? .
You were not there!
1 did, and I felt him tremble when we placed the black
I SAY YOU LIE!
eap over his face. I felt the thrill of horror when we
You and I and all of ns murdered this boy.
put the noose-the noose we had so cleverly and so
brutishly wrought, over his head. Did you see how admit your guilt. Your hands are red with
smooth and soft was the skin on the lad's neck f Yet You are as guilty as hell!
(Continued on Page 24)
it wa cold- so cold.
.· w·
[£]
..
ana
.
Stranglers
J
�T h e W e s t ·e r n C o m r a.d' e
10
.·
m
Sophy
By CLARA .R. · CUSHMAN
'1' ~,·as a story stl'aight from life, the set;.
amuel 'n I had only been married a couple of year ,
ting .i n ou.r· own en ligl1tened Southern :;tn ' she was laugh in ' an' crowin' 'n takin ' on about
Californ_ia. H ere it is as I caug,h.t it uothin' like b~ alway did, 'n .I g;abbed he~ up be.
from the lips of the woma? sitting be- fore It~j)ught 'n aid, ' Oh, a in 't she the prettiest
hi11d me, not lnng ago -on the I,os Angeles thing you · ever: l,aid eyes on :' 'N amuel looked 1;p
lntt·r·rrrhnn :
.
. U:om th 'Qua'rterly .he :was rca<ti;1' n' said, ' Emma,
' · • • " i [ l was a sinner n obody " ·' y'Ou ;~·e m'a kin ~ a!1 i?oJ. of that child. 'l'he Lor-d will
I'Ot rld hr:iJrg me to the l;Grd quicker 'n he .Pun] h you.' · ' I kn ew amuel wa.· right. H e 's been
eould . II C' 's· (·('rtainly tir e pr·ea cher· to save soul . He a .'goo<1 hu~ljhnd to me. I prayed over ·night fo r a
took our li ttl e Ann.ie by th e al'ln .the otJre·r day, and he month for the. h en'gth to marry him. I kn ew it was
hadn't talk<'d to h('r fiye min.utes befoi:e she began to my duty fot· he was' a 'vorl;:er in the field of Christ
1·ry and bu·lt rig-hf dm\'11 on th e floor· and said she ·and .h e 'had f qrty ~cres of land, 'n I knew I rru g htn't
,,.;tJif•·d to h1· haptizl'd ri~rht awa y . And her only have as goo.d chance. H e' always been a good prose,·,·n, too, a 11d so littl1· and clclica te ! Ain 't it won- v ider ' n ::t good hushand 'n r'lmew h e was right in the
dl't'i'lll tl11· orr1·s thP J,ord ,.Jrooses ? W ell , as the Bible sigl~t .of th e L ord, so I made up my mind l 'd always
says, ' ;\ littl!' ,.Jriltl shal l IPad tl1 em. ' All our children try to do ri ght by my children 'n not ' let my sin ful
I'OIIll' to ('Jrrist l'arly, all hrrt Sophy, 'n Samuel told
fet-lin ·s gC't t he lies.t of me. S o when Samuel was sayin '
hPr sl11· \\·as no ,.Jrild ol' om··n an d nC'cd nC.ver come th e hi Pssiu ' · and Sophy would begin to laugh and
h;11·k. l -1 thou~ht a heap of tlrn t git·l too. I-I could pound th e .high chait· l 'cl .spat ' her hands, 'n she wa
har·dly IH'ill' to gi\'(• """ up, hut it was th e will of th e . t iHi t full of la ugh , she th on(J'ht I 'vas playin' with her,
Lord . ' n Sam ut'l knoll's l1('st. Ril e lrarl th e good Chris- so sh e's look kind of sacr e i a minnit, then she'd begin
t ian horne tlrt· otlters did, hut she alwnys chose the to laugh '11 holler more · 'n evei·.. So I had to hit h er
1\'<I,YS of' Satan."
real }lard befor e. s)r e'cl lmO\\' r· mC'ant sh e was beii:t '
"What! 8ophy isn 't gone! "
\\'i(·k ed. Th en she 'd s·et th er e ' n t r·cmbl e ·a.Jl over, for
"Ain ' t you heard ~ Oh dear! Oh de11r! SeC'ms sh e lmrw if sh e- criC'd hC'r fath er won ld tab~ her in
lik e it 's a t en·ihiP ·cross th e J_,ord 's ~iv e us to hear . haucl ; for· a Samuel · often snys. as all childr.en. arc
lfo11· me and Samuel \\'Orl, ed all th ese years to make born in sin , " ·hose goirr ' to tal( e it o.ut· of them unles
that girl meek and hum1Jle in th e sight of the Lord! th eir parents does it. So h e ahnrys started in early
Bnt shC' was t hat vain and proud! .Alway~ 1·ompl11inin' to make the ch;ldt·en ho.nor their f11ther and mothet·."
a hout the way I ;m1d c her drrssos and th e kind of
" 'W ouldn't- "
shoC's l made her wear·, ' n wan tin ' to wear her hflir in
"No, · shC' " ·onldn 't . "
n rrls, instead of thinhin' of her soul and th e life ever"I wnsn 't goin' to say- "
lasting. Many s tll(' tirne Samuel 's stood O\' Pl' her and
" Olr th a t ·s nll r·.il!ht. .A s I was say in ' Sophy foun d
mndc lr c r ImPel flown and pray fot· tho Lorrl to for- out prC'tty e11 rl~· that shC' mnstn 't let her f eel in 's lead
g-il'(' he r· for· h er· sinful Yanity, and sh e was that cl e- ft C'r in sin . Slr c rteYr t· \\' liS mnch of a hand to cry
,.('itfnl t lr11 t lrr hnd to malw lrC'r' pr:ry ont loud to he thou gh . H wn ~ lwr l11ffin ' " ·hen she shouldn 't that we
sut'P sire was rloiu ' it. "
had to stop. 'n h r·r thinkin ' so mnr h ahout lwr look.
" 1\'lra t 11 pity thnt- - "
' ll nlwa,vs wnntin ' \\'hnt was lW<'t(v. not what was good
"YPs. to thin]; llll' nn(l Samu el who was saved h,v in th C' sight oE tl rr J,ord. Rh C' snid on ce that s he didn 't
gn11'f tlrir·ty ~·Ntrs HI!O sltmrld have a child . like that. want to go to th11t 1rg:l,v eir)ll'ch. t!r;:r t i t· smC'lled hHd, 'n
Bnt i,t was thC' J,orcl 's will and I ain't. cornpl,niuin '. the p eople all l ook ed u gl~' and san g su ch u gly ongs.
We don'' our dnt~' nml tri C'd to put the f ear of God Sh e only said it once. S:unucl said he was goi:u · to
in Jrp r· lr rart. T :1 in 't c ompl;~ inin ' , bnt it's an awful t ea ch h ~r to ilC a good Chri tian woman if it ·hro:k
t hin g to l\no11·· yom own girl is goin' traight to hell. our h cal'ts and, took nll th e hi rl e off her ba r k Ro stre
T-T thought a hcnp of that gi rl. Many's the time I 've rlid just what we ~;wid nft C' r thirt w.itliont talkin', hut
had 1o pray fot· strength to do my duty hy her, or she 11e1·er stopped hPr laughin '. 'N wh en he'd go
slr r 'tl heen a wind.i n' me around her finger, she had to ehurC' h instr ad of k C'C'pin ' h er e~' C S on tJ1e preachrr
that r ute, tanta lizi11' wa~ with he1;. I rec 'lect one or. clown at her hook lil\C a mode. t:' girl bould 'n bedny when sh e was still a baby ittin.' in my lap(Continued on Page 23)
a
�I
W e ·s t e r n C o mr a d e
The
The Job
By
FR~NK
AY, l\~ay, " said a young girl to' her working companiolJ. as they . sat dipping
chocolates on 't h e fourth floor of a large
canuy factory, " who was the guy you
were out with last night.?"
' ·.Aw, '.' r eturned l\iay ·carelessly,
" just a ' pick ' what come along at
<tuitt iu ' time last ni ght. Calls him elf
t: entld \Ya r:n et:, ;;;o n of a \Vall Stt·eet hr·ok er. Like as
!JOt, though , his name's Smith an ' his old man 's a
plu mlw t·. . , And her blu e eyes spnrldcd as he tossed
her blond e cu rl s.
"Didn 't he show Yfll l a good t imd" queried the
fi rst girl.
·' Xo ]d el( t ll ct·c, Hos<•. \Vent down to a showrlinrl iP Chnp li n, he 's great thi s weel,- t ben to a
•·a harn~·. 'l'h t· kid 11·as ti ush with hi s coin all ri ght. "
" ( :t·v. I 1ri ~ l1 I was a man ," r eftec t~ Hose,
Jho n:,dlti'Jdly. " th<' ll I woul<ln 't h:w e to work m a
•·; Jnd .l· fado t·y nt six pr t·. ' '
" .Ti~g e r s! " warn ed May , " he!'c's Gihbons."
:\. g lowering itHlivi<lu al approaP hcd, hover ed over
1I1 Pm fo r a mom<·nt and passcu on. His face was hard
nnd stern , ann hi. sevr t·e srr utiny cau.s ed t he girls to
tl'embl e.
" \\"hat 's l1 e so · hl am c . sor e abo ut here lately, " ·
11'11 isprt·Pd Rose wh en t he forrmnn was out of c.a rshot .
"Sflcl ie."
" \Yhnt 's shr done Y"
"N'o thin ' -on ly- - "
" Onl y \l'hfl t ?"
:\fay gli!II Ccd m·onnd e:mtiously, t hen bending forll'fll'd ovt' T' lH' t' work turn ed her head toward Rose.
" Rhe li t cnrd to thr hnn ch u pstairs k ickin ' about
I'I'Ofr o· t:ion . You lm q"-, (ln ] y one fit·c escape and n ar l't lll' wooden stairs at t he back. Somebody ran to
f: ihhons an d ' peached.'"
" 'Wha t 'd Gihhons s11yV ' ·
" G11 vr h r r· lwll. Told l1er . he wa. hired to work
nnd !not h icl<- t.lt en he cann ed her ."
"A n ' th e bun ch upstairs ?"
" Got th e same dose. Th ere must of been twentyfh·e of tl1cm."
Agn in the · f01·eman bore down upon them, lik.e a .
hnwk after its prey, pau. ed over the industrious girls
then went on.
"Go h ! " wbispe•·ed Rose in r elief, "tin cans were
ringin' in my ears for a !p.Oment.'' ·
"I thought h e had us, too!" .returned May
.
H. WARE
For several momep.ts they worked on speedily,
silently. Finally when Gibbons was again over at the
far 'end of th e room May whispered.
"He," she said, indicating the foreman with a
slight pod, ': ·~e 's got orders to cut down · expenses ·and
get aut more. WO:J;Ji• • Fat chance t o g~t protection ·with
them
'
. kind ·of 'ord . rs fr om .-the . boss..''"Hm," r eturn d Rose thoughtfully, "maybe if
somebody· wou~,d go pp ' to the fire commission with a
·
big 'kick.:- maybe tl.tey miaht--"
. ~ ~ No :· ~h~nc' , Ro~. , 'I'hat' been tried befor~.
'Listen · here,. th olq man :: · a ~illioriaire-rides in Q.
limousine and all that. Last week he gave a swell
pt·iv'ate dinn ei~ to soine city ojjj cials and of cours~ a .
bunch· or' theni 4:ire cominiSsioners ' was th er e an helped
li ck up ·.tl1 e champagne. No>v what's your chance for
protection. '
"I gu ess there . ain.'t none,' Rose sighed resignedly.
' 'You. ·bet · th .r c ~in 't, •' 11:nd May's words carried
convi ction :With them. " Listen , Ro~e, " and May spoke
very slowly , yet cautiously, "me . and you a:nQ. everybody el e in this building- and ther e must be a thou- .
sand-need their job. The boss knows it--:. o does
th e fit·e commission.'-'. .
Saturday aitemoop ·came, -and instead of . th usual
hal f holi day the ·toil ers in the candy fa tory w r
made to work all clay. · ·
Late in the afternoon Rose tmn ed to M ~y , "~1'ay,"
she whi sper ed, ' ' Do you . mell apy!hin g1"
May r aised her lH' nd and s11 iff d the r eel<ing air o.f.
th r ir close and un comfortable room .
''Smell s like . molw, '' ~h e commented.
"That's what J- -"
"Fit·e!" screamed someone. In a mom nt wa wild
disorder .
"Fil'e! Fire !" echoed oth ers. Then came the mad
sc ramble for th narrow stairway.
Smoke by this tim e was pouring t hrough cracks in
the floor, and, as the factory was of cheap wooden.
mntC'rial , th e flames qui ckly spr .ad to oth r floors. ·
"May!"
"Rose!''
"W.her e a1•e y ou 1"
"Her e-I 'm- - "
"Hurt ¥"
" I don 't know-Gibbons knocl!ed ·me - "
" Quick, May, giYe me your hand, the fire--"
" J know- but th e smok e is so t hi ck. "
{Continued on . Page "i6)
' .-
�12
T he W-estern Comra,de
.S ocialism and Farmers
By J. E. BE
M
n;~-:===;w s l:iocialism beneficial to the farmer ! its con umer . For there can be no argument but that
Let us see. Under Socialism all com- the patrons of l\fanche ter pay for the extra capital·
petition in all vocations and walks of life inve ted-the extra labor pent and the extra profits
will he eliminated. Instead of competi- -exploited by all the e ' needles concern .
tion we wiU have co-operati on in all the
EYery community operating undet· the economic
dc·partments effecting the prod'nction
y t;em· pay for and supports the unnecessat·y hopaud distribution of commeditie8. . Every . keeper in it 'mid t. For if the community doe n ot
industr·y will be centr~lized under one pay for them who does Y
fl(!ad and und er its owu management. This wi11 ob~
·· And now about oc!ali m and the little farm. So.
viously •·lim iuate many needless :voca!ions.
eiali. m does not propo e to deprive the 'farmer of his
1'-:or will th ere be sc,·eral institutions ca nying on little farm : On the other hand , capita lism is eliminatthe sa uH· liue of business iir th e community neci>s:>itat- ing the little fa1·m.
inl-{ th e nur ~·sha li ng of enormous useless cap ital fo .their·
'
~ in l 8 0 shows that 2ii% of nll the fat·m r·onstnu·tion, uor their c·orrcsponding waste
l'l'S in the l'nlurd~States \\'er·c rent\'r·s; in. 1 90, 28'k ;
in ti me aud wages. This will mean a trcm
1()00. :357< ; while the 1910 census shO\\'R 37'/n.
iug to the farmers o[ t he r:ommunity w
now bear
Bttt that is n ot all. A large per ren ta ge of the farm the lll't ln t of thf" hunlen in th e support of tcsc needless e rs ·who hold paper title to theit· lands own. but an
f'On cer·11s. L et me gi\·1: yo u a r·oricretc 'llustration of .eqn ity i'n the land itself. In other· wot·ds the farms
wlrat is nwant hy th is lirnitHtion o[ ec•or mi r· worth. m·p mortgag-ed. And thnt th e incr ease in the number
Nfan chestc r· is a little c·ou ll.N~.... .....n~•-"~~~•"~io•!:.;,
.... ........ .............
. ..,.... .. , .. . . ~~·.....~-.."• ,,... . . .,,.~. ·-·,.i ~··n~ . . . . ' ...o.i . . .,.,l..!":
. .; of mortgagPd fa rms from year
.,i ..,oi o.,.~"• o,~
try town snrround ecl by a
to yenr is in the same propor; ..~
; ..;
fn rrnin g commu nity. Jt has
t ion as the increase in the numI nstead of th e d ismem- l::i
four ele ,·ators anrl one mi ll
bl'r of r enters. is t he opinion o'f
herctl, disjointed and cut-throat sysr;
buying- grain , maldng in a ll five ;"; tem whic·h is in yogue today, n~ti c ul t-:i m en who are best qualified to
p laces that buy grai·n of th e
turc will he or gnnized along th e line . :..1 g n·e u information on the
i
co rumunity. Un(lc t• OUI' modem
of seientific prin ciples ; and all those t::t subject .
system of handling grain one
who eng-age in the industry. instead !::!
A mortgaged farm er is only
of lh <> selfish antl insane method. will U a !'it tle better· situated than 11
elevato r· cou ld h and le this grain
aid t o mnk e it more effi eient and 1'-J r entPr. 'rhc only difference
anrl unde r coll ective ownership
•
" '"'
,..;,
'.
,.; , " ;
.,,. ., .
...
...
.,,.,
,.,. " "
o0
d
t:
IJ
n
~
n
i:i 1
1
we wou ld unqu estionably have
J 1:~~;;.1~e~~n~;i~1 ~1:\~~a~h~~~/,~ the
bet wePn the two is that one
but one mnrket p lace fo r gain ..,
1· pays intcrrst and the oth er
in Manchest er. 'l'his would be a t~!:.:::.::: ::~= ::::::J:~:r..;; .'!:~::..::::::•"·::::::,..·::::::::::::: ,.. :··::::·:...:: !.:::~~:J:..£. r ent.
0 n<' is c x p 1oi tc d as
direct. sav ing of t he capital used
surely as is the other. A11d
in building and maintaining the other four places that as th e land advances in value th e mortg·a ges and
a r e not needed.
amount of interest incr ease in proportion.
Again there are three lumber yards at the present
·whil e I was practicing Jaw in a town in Northern
where only one yard would be necessary under col- :\[inn.esota some years past, I had occasion to pass on
lective ownership since all the yar ds. carry pra-ctically abstracts for a Massachusetts loaning company that
the snme tock. H ere aga in we would have a saving was operating in the vicinity of the town where I was
of the capital and en ergy n ow in building and equip- located. All the mortgages that were taken by thi ~
ping the other two extra and needless yards.
company '~ith \·ery few exceptions were ·either r eThen we have seven dry goods and g r ocery stores newals or the taking up of old loans of other com·
wher·c one store could effectively handle all the busi- panics. Invariably these loans were for a larger
ness under collective ownership. Again a considerable amount than the amount of the old mortg~gcs. While
gain of the aving of capital and lahor. And thus it the rate of interest in some instances might have been
would be in all other lines now followed by several less than the rate for which the old mortgages procompetitors in the same town. This would mean an vided. yet the amount of interest to be paid was more
incalculable gain to the farmers who are the patrons than replaced by r eason.. of the increased principal.
of this town and who represent the large percentage of And what was trme in Northern Min.ne ota is true
F
�T h e W e B t e r n C o·m r a d e
ererywhere where similar conditions exist. And similar conditions exist almost everywhere.
There is but one practical solution for you and
that is Socialism. The first rule of Sociali m is cooperation. Instead of the dismembered, disjointed and
~11 t-throat system which is .in vogue today, agricuit~re
will be organized along the line of scientific principles;
and all those who engage in th~ industry, instead of
thr selfish and insane method, will aid to make it more
1~
efficient and thereby contribute his share to the betterment of the h.uman race.
These are some of the general principles demonstrating the practieability of Socialism as effecting the ·
farmer. The large c~pitalist has 'long since seen the
inherent folly of competition. Why not you fariners ·
also join iJ?- the triumphant march to.w ard which the
civiliz d world is quickly passing- the Universal broth~.
'
et·hood of man.
··
'
Su.n day and
By
"I
~DMUND
R . BRUMBA
Gfl
. • ·t
AM no Socialist,'' shouted Billy Sunday at one of
''Crime · breeds pov-er ty;'' 'said Billy Sunday. He
his meetings in Omaha, .and fully five t~ousand picked _a high_ proporti_on-I:llnety-five per cent. We
prople applauded. It was a pitiful spectacle, a heart- may wel!'question the s.tatement"with such a percentn·Bding exhibiti on of hypocrisy and ignorance; let us age in view.· 'l'hink .what it means! That the poor
he kind and say it was mostly the latter. Hypocrisy are poor bec&u e· of th ~it: sin, that the extent of their
i;; too serious a charge to be hurled lightly.
poverty expos~s the extent of their shortcomings!
:\Ir. Sunday may consign to fire and brimstone Were it so, Mr. Sunday would have to work ha:rder
. those who disagree with him; probably he would re: than he does, 'and it would ~~ke him a thousand years
serve for me the hottest place in the bottomless pit; to make even a d·e nt in the devil 's -armour. Two-thirds
hut J shall not r etort in kind. Reason and policy for- of the people would -b~ beyond rede~;nption and half of
hid it. The dogma of eternal torture seems indescrib- the rema,inder crini.inals at heart. The washer-woman,
ably hideous to me and to deny those attributes of slaving over her tub, would be a. fiend iricaruate, and
justice and mercy ascribed to God and without which the perfumed female in her limousine an angel of light.
Tic is not God at all. Besides it is better to be known Surely, Mr. Sunday does .npt always realize the--im·
as a friend than an enemy of religion, religion having port of his words.
so vital a bearing on human life and conduct, and to
''You cannot produce ·good conduct by mere legisexpress one's self too bluntly is apt to lead some to lation,'' claimed Sunday as a · clmcher to his attack
misunderstand.
· on Socialism. It sounded like a sentence from .a spee~h
l\'Ir. Sunday speaks much truth. No one .:an at a liquor dealers' convention. But who ever said
doubt it who is fair enough. to give him a hearing. He that you could make men good in this way f. Certainly
also says what is not true, and this it is that calls for not a Socialist. That statutes are not the source of
rrply. Being but a man, he is open to criticism. Lips morality is a big, basic element of the Socialist phil~
that speak truth one moment are not given leave to osophy. There is hardly a limit,• however, to th.e eflie the next, and only cowardice could ask that false- ficacy of law when backed by widespread, intelligent public opinion. To contend otherwise is to take
hood go unchallenged.
"I am not a Socialist." . Mr. Sunday uttered the up the cry of anarchy, to plead for a state in which
words as if denying an accusation of something ex- greed-inspired fraud ai!d brutal force occupy jointly
tremely reprehensible. "Why?" we may ask. Has the seat of power.
Mr. S~nday gets much notoriety. Millions will hear
he ever given a moment to fair, unbiased study of
economic problems? What does he kno.w of conditions and read his sermons who ·will never see these lines.
confronting !he lives of the poor of today? Is be con- The truth is hampered. A thous~nd forces combine
versant with the works of Thompson, Wilson, White, . to keep it down. We have ·reason to rejoice, however;
Car, Tucker and Rauschenbusch- all Socialists and the t ruth cannot be killed; it proceeds from God and
all Christians? If not, why not? Is it because he partakes of -His immo.r tality. It must and it will .b e
thinks that souls can be saved _from sin and prepared triu.mpbant.
The Golden Age is before us. Showers of material
for life eternal and sinless whfie the bodies o.f workers are maimed and broken through toil and need and and spiritual blessings are in store for mankind. Chrissrnt to early graves 1 Why is b_fr. Sunday not a Social- . tian and Jew, Protestant and Cat}:10lic, believer and
ist 1 It is up to him to give a satisfactory answer or be non-believ:er- workers of the world, let us- reach out
convicted of trying to serve both God and MAmmon. and take hold of our heritage.
'
�The Weste ·r .n Comrade
Age Limit a
By FRANK E. WOL·F.E
"W
HA'l' is your age limit ?' ' is a question fre- dist:ard ed like th e obsolete machinery of yesterday!
qu ently ask ed by those making their first
Beaten and bludgeoned in the fierceness of the struginquiry about th e Llano d el Rio Communi"ty . The qu·es- gle,- m en and women come to us· with bruised head;> and
ti on has a tra gic s ignifican ce for thousands of work&rS sore h earts. Almos t from birth th ey haV:e been robbed,
still in th e ir· prim e days of u se fuln ess.
cheated a nd : exploited by m e r ciless masters, and the
" I am stron g and vi gOI'OUS, and can d o th e b est -iron .is in m~ny ~o').lds . Suspi cion an(J. distrust ha:s bed a y 's wo rk of my life; yd I was among th e fh·st to ~ e
· o~ e a .. part. o f' t lie.ir n a ture. Slow apd diffi cult is t he
laid off in my s hop, and my g ray ha ir h as prevented pro~ess. of disarming an d - r eass.u ring th em . · " I t looks
mr fr om ge ttin g a j ob, though J am" but f orty-seven , too· good ' 1 is an expresi!io·n w e h a ve h ea rd a th ousand
a nd in goorl hea lth ,·· IITih·s a n1an J ro m on e o[ t h e t imes. . B ut,
comra d es, it is coming ! W e get a
hi g r a ilroad r·c nt:r rs.
b et ter iu1d'er st and'i n g a~ th e v ision grows. The p roTh r· f<·a r of th e loss. o f 1h(• j o b is e \·C.I' presen t with n oun '~ w e'' tak es on a sw eeter sound th a n "they."·
111<' .\nwri •·an wo rk e r. As th r t•r ntrali zati o n o f " Out:" p ossess i on~ in la n d, w ater, stock a nd m ac hin e 1·~·.
\\'t•; d1 h ~cws fo nr a nl . ' th P sPiZIII'<' of t hr so 11rees 1s n1o i·p n tlu rihlP tha 11 " min e .. , Hope r en ewed , confiof li ft· <· losPs o1 h r r a r r nu rs t o
deriee in h um a ni ty r estor ed,
t hP ~· o un g-P r ml' n . nnclth e oltl r 1
broth erl y fre ling a~d comradennr•s 111'1 ' l'P Jlhl t·P d . ~r o tfP rll ];J :s
hip grows.
'I'll <' lkl'la ra ti o n of lJrim·ipl es inho r sa 1·in g mnc· hin e ry and t he
\Y e a r e pion eerin g, bu t some
til l' ('onsti t uti o n of t he T.1la n o del
"s pc·c·clin g- up " pror·css h as
of ou 1· ex p eri enced me n lau gh at
Hi o Communi t y co nta in s th P -foll ow :
f' I'OII' cl c·d 1he· middl r-ngrcl m nn
th at. an d ·d ecla r e if t h ere is
in 1-r p nr ag rnph :
on t of inclu s1ri es.
p io n <•e rin g, . it is a ·d e luxe
T he duty of the commun ity to th e
in d ividua l is to a dmini st e r ju stice, .
ln 1l1 c• Ll a n o d l'! Ri o Co mII H' I hod.
to elim inate greed and se lfi s hn ess, t o
llllllli1~· th t> trngr d y of th e agin g
Onr Yision of t h e f uture
. ecl ueate a ll , a nd to a id a n y in .tim e
find s no pln f'P. Th er e, n o on e is
n eare r to ·r ealizat ion ·
·. (·O llll'S
, o f' age or mi sfortun e.
Jlii S]I t> rJ 11sid P. \V' ilJin g- nf'SS t o
J n te r est . in. t his
'l'h c· <l Pil (' l'al Ass e m hl y of 1he
dn on t· 's hrs t , to mal\e th e efdfo
rt
to
pu
t
th e co-oper a ti ve
c·O illlllllll ity ha s pnssrJ resolu t ions
for t. is 1hP o nl y I' Pqui site. Th e
1h t · o i·~· in to practice grow.s jn
plc ·d g- in )! th e p eo ple o f L la u o to
_I' Ollllg-. c it y-hrr d r lc rk , wh o
a l111ost r 1·c r~· E-n glis)l-s p eaki ng
n·JI(l <: l' :1id 11n d s npp OI't to th eir co mc·O JI!d r :ll'l')' hnt fo nr hri r k s
rn d rs " ·!10 m nv be OYl' rt a k eit hv
r·ou.n t ry.
at·c· id Pnt , ill hL;Illth o r in ab ility t~
1'1·o m t ht · mill and w l1o worl\ Nl
\V e n l'c m nkin g a d em on stra1\'tll'k . '!'h is ;w nt im l' n t is s hnred ali kr•
IH•s irl l' a g- ri zzlrcl 111:111 tll'i rc his
1 io11 of won d e r ful su ccess. W e
h_,. _,·o lln g- a11cl ol<l in th• · c·o l o n~·.
:q:r•· c·IIIT~· in g- a f nll mou] (l of
a rt• n ot g r opin g: w e h ave fou nd
•
~ ix , l'ollnd th rre a J' eYe r sa l o f
Olll' 11·n ~·- " ln s unnoun tahl c" oht lit · nil <· in th r outsitl r w orl d.
s t ac lt·s han· JH'O \·en easy w hen
H ow, hitt e r· th r h<HII' wh r n o nP f ull of Iii'• ·. :11·ti n· ap pi'OaC' hecl wi t h dett· rm in ntion a nd confiden ce-an d in
and enge r t o go on d oin g- rt mnn ·s w or k fi n<l s himsPli' thi s som r of our s tl'ongcst and m ost in dom itable spi rits
g-t•JJtl.v 11111. pt' rs is tcntly thrw;;t ns idc h cca 11 se of hi s ngc' 11·P rl' til os!' 11·h om- r·a.pitali sm h ad pus hed a ide.
Enl'orcrd idl en ess, iJwoluntary ph ysiral s t·ngnation , di sl11 1ht' f nlln Pss of t he ir yra l's w e sh all t cn dr l'ly care
c·ollra ge mr nt , nn d loss o f f'O nfi d en ce iu on e's self, is f'ol' !lUI' c·oml'<t rl <•s, 11·ho h a 1·c wrou g ht in our mu t ual scn·fjni c• kl~- f'o llowetl hy m r nt al fa iln1·e nnd a life d es t royed
it· c·. ;tl HI1h t·i J· tl rl' linin g d ays sh a ll he fi ll ed wi t h sunsh ine
at a tilm e o f its f1illn ess wh en ripe ex p e ri en ce should. nnd j oy of li fe a m?ng th e ir own p eopl e.
mnk r ::.rr·vi Pe more 1·aluahl e.
"' t Lln no we ha v e plmm cd t o proYid e for th e f uture
\\' hat horror ovc1·com es th e w ork er wh en h e r each es h~· makin g th e soil wi t h its b oundl ess fec undity proditcc
th e nnclrrstnnding at last that nowh er e is h e w a nted: r 110U gh to eow 1· nil our n eeds o f f ood , clothing, sh elter.
that yonth th a t · can be speed ed is prefe rred b ecaus e . Pdu eat.i ou , a mnRem cnt a nd social life; th er e, I sa y, we
pr·ofits mnst flow ; that th e maste r will b e serv ed- n o h op e to so lift th e bm·d cn that th e workers, fr ee from
matte r· what hopelessness! What more dismal, sonl- h aunting f ear·, shall sta nd e r ect as fr ee m en and w om rn
drpressing though t could com e to th e worke r than that dmmtl ess and h a ppy in th e assura n ce of safe ty in ·the
soon he will hr lll'ushed asid e-scrapped and ruthl essly clnys to come.
,rriy
-.'
�The Western · Comrade
15
Sno-w Caps Greet Colonists
By R. K. WILLIAMS
S~O\Y-COVERED range glistening in
the bright .sunshine for·m a most entraneing. morning background for-the
white tenthouses and the more subdued
eoloring of sfone and · brick buildings on
the llano. While the high mountains
arc snow coYer·3d weil down into · the ...;
timhPt' line, th(} bright sun warms the
ndley and the alfalfa fields haYc taken on a more viYid
i!l'Pt'll. \\'p had a quartt'r of an inch of rain on the
nr•·sa hut mu eh rnon· than that must IHI\'C fallen on
tlrt• mountains haek of us.
Tilt• sno\1' in tlrt• lnountains lllt'illls a bountiful suppi,,· of \ratt·r for th P nrx t ~-t•ar.
:-;ollll' of it will r ca(' h tlrt• eolo11y
t,,-o or thret> years hence.
The a•·tion of .1\'atnrc at work
i11 tlrr hills c·oul<l hr sren fr·om
tlr<· plain hclow and proved a
h•·aut iful and mag-nificent sight.
Two Jays ' snowfrr ll sufficrd to
Ji ll the can~·011s, cuts an<l draws
of th e monnt11 in sides. Sinec
t IH·n sunshi11e has lwam cd d<M\'n
in thr samr plerrsant way of millsummrr.
\Yith the exceptions that the
evenmgs and mornings arc
ehilly, some ice forming on
standi ng water, the climate is
vcr·y much the same as that of a
month ago. \\' armcr clothes
are being brought from t.runl;:s
and other plaees and worn, much
to the comfort of the people.
Old residents of these pat·ts tell
us that snow in the mountains
at this tinw, is a month earlier
and assur·es an ahnntl an cc of water for m•xt season\
ir~igation.
T it is fact is \'t•r·y welcome as th e colony has he en
stead ily clcar·ing land and many more a cres will havt·
!)(•en lc n·l(•d aiHJ planted by sprin g so that 11ddetl wa t ers will find a pr·ofitahlc outlet.
Ch illy weath er lr as not dctencd memher·s fr·om
.]ormn g us. Nea r·ly every day one to two new rt>sidrnls srttl c down and hegin to make th cmsclvrs at
hom(•. Tit(• (·olony now has n ca r·l.v 700 r esident;;. This
is a eonsidcrahle in<·rrase over· last month. 11 ist or·_v
becomes sial very quickly Things are continuously
!~lOving forward. Every day sees something new in
th e shape of house , tents, new land ·prepare4 for various t hin gs. 'J.'he commissary c~lrries pn its books 157
trad ers, n;early ;11l h.eads of fqmilies. The hotel takes
ca re of frOIQ. 125 ' to 140 daily.
· '!"he ~ embly hal-i in 'the, club· house, which is also
used for· the .dini'i.Jg to'cim, has been en larged and even
no'" . i · inaq(tquatc to meet the r equirements of the
Polorj_v. 'l'he. fi · t demonstration of its inadequateness
wns on last .8atm·day· night, wh en the usual dan<'e was
hc.I<I. So · ma·ny p eople gatlH•red about the floor that
tiH: al'!ual. daneing- plaee Sl'Pmetl smaller· than usual.
This fac·t is extr·pm r ly gr·atifyiitg._ '\\'t> wonld reg r·et to think
that we had more. room than we
n eeded. It helps a lot to know
that there is a greater demand
fo r· space, for houses and other
things tl1an we are able to supply fully; though it is rather
·r ough on th e ones not comfm·tably fixed . .
As a matte r· of fact the time
may never come whe n .we really
will be ahead of the d emand for
homes and space. 'l'his is the
way to grO\\' and gives assurance
that p rople c \·erywhcre are wakilrg up to the fact that we have
hcr·e a demonstration worthy of
Ur~;-.participation of everyone
and that hy such parti<'ipation a
grrat coopera tive enterprise,
str·onger, more substantial than
any t'\'Ct' launched and mainiuinrrl, will he a concrete entity.
\\' ord from a 11 parts of the
l ' nit ed Stall's r···aehes us that the "eyes of the Social·i st
world " an· upon us. Visitors a~d traveler s tell us that
<·YPry wh cr·c q-uestions ar·c being asked about the c?lony . Thr-y nl so tPll ns that the only d eterrent to many
more joining us is the in it ia 1 price r equired before the
nwmht•r r•an secure a worl<ing contract. 'l'his, of cmnse,
lws to hp dow' . as \\' C ar·c still living under capitalism
and wr· vet ha,·c to work on capitalistic lines, especially
with th~ nutsiJc world. Inside the colony group itself
, .,.1',\' lit t I<· Jti'Pd o f money is rxpe ricneed , but this does
not 11wntJ that tlw mPmli r r <·oulrl not usc money here
�16
Llario del ·R io ·c o-op·e rati
Montessori Class. Teachers, Right to L eft : Prudence. Stokes Brown, Director ; Mildred G.-Buxton, and Adeline S. Horne:
�l '
Comrade
omtnunity As ..It Is To.d ay
Enjoy Their Play-Work iD the
UII.SbiDe.
The Cottonwoods Furnish Shade (or the AtfretcO Boom
...
�18
T h e W e s t e r n· 0 o m r a d e
with which t'o procure things we do not carry, in ·a.se
such things are wanted.
However, money is not needed in the colony for
exchange purposes, for all of our barter and trade is
carried on in a credit way.
.
'l'he even te~or of colony life and the effects of
mutual assistance is fast showing results in the younger
generation. A new psychology
is being created in
...
.-.the
boys in the schools and in the general colony life, and
the example of work being done aooperatively. For
instance, upon George Pickett's return from the north;
when• he had been on an exped ition of explaining· the
c·olo11y and other business, he formed a group of boys,
rangi11g in age from 7 to 14 years, and started to work
on a bad piece of r·oad, just west of to~n. 'l'he first
day, t hir·tccn boys formed themselves around him, and
during the day they worked like Trojans. It took all
of Picd; ett 's persuasi\)e powcr·s in keeping them fr·om
ovenloi11g their tenuer museles. So anxious were the
liltl c fellows to show results th e firs~ day, that they
swallowcu their· midday lunch in ten minutes, and
whil e Pickett was up the road a short ways exploring,
he r eturned and found them hard at worck. ·
Nearly two miles of excellent road work was done
the Jirst day. \\'h en the trucl<s came in after dark,
the drivcr·s said that the moment they struck the . repair·ed piece of road the difference could be noticed.
'l'he second day's lineup showed twenty-th.r ee
arclrnt youngsters r eady and they trudged off under
the leadcr·ship of Picl<ett with their picks, shovels and
rakes. Pickett facetiously. called them his "Coxey
Army" and the boys fell into the humor of the joke.
More work was don e the second .day than the first
and the third day sufficed to complete, in· good shape,
five miles of once very bad road.
'J'he wod;:ers were rewarded with a taffy pull in
the bal<ery under the atjspices of Mrs. Pickett.
one
but the workers
"·as allowed to indulge in the good
things passed
around and many
wer·e the longing
looks and much
moutj1 watering occasioned in boys
unable to get into
the gang.
The next big job
for the boy!! will be
to brush up the
horse barn and help
mak e the faithful
Result of Two Hours'
animals warm and
cozy and protected from the cutting wind$. The boy '
slogan, worthy of all ~rnnlation, is "No work, ·no 'eat!!.' '
Here's a list of the little stalwarts that. help~d to
show the r suits of coop,Emi tion in action: pa;vid W allace, Eugene Fredericks, :Merril Wallace, . Raymond
\Vard, W arran Powers, Harry Pike, Clarence Fremont
-Tohn Price, I er I verson, Lee Fread, l\Iaurice Eldridge,
Leonard Zimmerman, Sp nc r :J,3rown, Ro s· · Brown,
Harold 1\1i;llar, Orvil MJllar, Carl Miller, Warren Fread,
Everett Morri on, Chester Morrison, Beb,el Alonzo.
Ir'vin Barlow ·.Richard Raw lin , Merle Bowman and
. William Carr. . ·
·
.
.·
The transportatio-n department, working under diffifl~lties, i~d· ed, is improving vastly and on Sunday
last seven truck load were pulled into the colony. This
depleted the immense pile of stuff at Palmdale qu,ite
a lot. For t4e past four day nearly forty tons of
materials, foodstuffs and household goods were draw.u
into .Llano. .Three trucl\S running almost steadily are
now. doing go.od. work and r eal r esults can be seen at'
this and at the Palmdale end. With a clearing up
of the freight 'situati'on man.y of the colony 's difficulties will· have been ~olved. As the freight arriving and
departing is sure to grow more and more, this phase
of colony . efficiency will require eternal vigilance and
·work. However, there is a sangu.i ne hope that tr·oubles
in this direction will b e . solved · in the natural course
of the colony's un.f~ldment.
The colony has been excl)edingly enriched by the
receipt of a complete sawmill, shipped from. near Oak:
land. 'l'he capacity of ·this mill is in the neighborhood
of 30,000 feet daily. Doubtless it wi,ll be set up here
at th e colony and the logs hauled from the nearby
mountains ·a nd ti.lrned into the sort of lumber required.
By having the mill her e, it is figured that great saving
of lumber will be made and in addition have the slabs
and ends of firewood , wh~ch will mean labor saved.
Wheat plantin g
is well tmder way
and by the time this
magazine r eaches
the public more
than J20 acres will
·have been put in.
Land has been
prepared for oats ·
and barley · aDd
fruit trees and the
tractor is busy at
work with a crew
clearing more land
for the spring planting: of pear , apRabbit Hunt at Llano
p]('~. cer eals and al-
�T h e W e s t e r·n C o m r a d e
1~
falfa. By spring there
windows new individual
will be a large area dedesks were put in, the pu-.
roted to alfalfa, how
~ils formerly being seated
much at this time it is
. · at tables.
difficult to say.
The work of the
Twenty-six tea~ are
grades is very similar to
i.J usy at work leve1ing
th~t of the city. ·As yet
la n~l.. Weather condition.s
domestjc seience haS not
probably will permit this
been started, but within
."Ort of labor for a considthe next month a building
vr·able time.
will be e rected for that
The building departpurpose.
ment is working hard to
:rhe Montessori Kinpr·epare places "for the indergarten, which is the
eoming people and are
pride of the colony, is iii.
Mining Limestone tor _the Kiln
st ill behind. However,
.charg~ of Mrs. PrudencE~
tlrL· rc is hut littl e actual
,
Stokes Brown and her as"" ff!' rirr g-. thou gh somP dis<:om.fort, fro m this phase of ~istants. 'l'hor:e a·re fifty-four children enrolled. Tl).is .
,.,J!o rry life. l'i•opl c generally eoming in have brought \l·ork is carried ·on at the Goodwin Ranch. They· bavP.
thei r owu equ ipment, so that a few hours' labor suf- a scve~-;·oo~ bu.ild.ing, whlch.is well equipped for such
lil"es to pu ~ up a substantial and comfortable place to work. '.i.'he children are take~ to and from 'the kinderlive.
ga r·ten ·by autom'obile. · These daily rides are a source
Th e schools in J_,lano a r·e progressing. In the high of great j-oy. to the wee ones.
The high school department holds session in a large
sL·hool th ere are twenty-three pupils in some studies
and nineteen in all th e studies. C. IV. Hunton, the room at the hotel. They are in charge of Mr. C. W.
tL·arher, is greatly pleased with the fine showing and Hunton and wo~k is carri ed on in t he arne manner as
is t• nt husiastic o\·er· th e interest shown hy pupils and other high schools.
A new addition .t~ the school system is-the night ·
parents iu his parti cular branch.
At the present time there are more than 260 pupils school, which is a popular pl.ace for the -men and
altrndin g the yarious schools and ·this numher is rap- women as for the boys and git·ls. Almost any subject
irlly being recruited. In addition to the regular schools desired can be taken up, but the class that has the
now in progress, there will be added mor e studies along most students is the Public Speaking and Enghsh,
ind ustrial and agricultural lines. 'l'h e latter will be which is in -charge of Mr. Etherton. Another well attended class ~s the ;music class under the super vi ion of
ine;lndcd in a ni ght cpurse.
A wit·eless telegraph club has been oJ•ganized a nd 1\Tr. P age.
Night school is in session six nights a week' and a
work begun on the construction of a station t)1at will
hr fully up to the standar·d and of commercial capacity. great deal of interest is be~n g shown by the well at:'lfuch interest was evinced and it is the intention to tended classes.
'fal<en as a whole the school of Llano will stand in
rrach t hose desiring to learn this faseinating method of
f·ommunication both in. th e electrical a nd telcooraphic the lead with any of the county schools.
Up to the pre~ent ·time t here are 130 pupils in the
work. Plans are being considered of aerials, wheth.er
to mak e a temporary set or to go for the permanent grades, fifty-fou r in t he Kindergarten, twenty-five in
thin g at once. A wide fi eld will be opened when the the high school and about fifty in the night school, or
about 260 people of all ages attending some branch
wir·cless is in actual operation.
Son' c of t he diffi culti es besetting the formation of of t he Llano school.
In connection with the school work, a Parent and
Llnno schools, and detailing th e present conditiO!J of
'l'cachers'
Association has been fo rmed, so that i h
thPm. i~ fully set forth in the following a rticle from
parents can be in touch with the work of the school
1 he pen of Miss Grace "lVL Powell, one of the teachers
and see and he!P. the school in its many problems.
in Llano.
These meetings are held twice a month. They are well
LTHOUGH there were neither doors nor wind~ws attended and much interest is heing shown in t hew by
in th e new building, it was very pleasant durmg the parents and teachers.
Work on our new $5000 schoolhOtJsc will soon be
the warmer weather and before the cold weather came
begun.
the windows were put in. Besides th_e doors and
A
�~20
The Western Comrade
Life On the Llano
By R. K. WILLIAMS
ing build this great · project, a
proj.e ct that means absolute
freedom from worry .and contented old age .. Job Harriman 's
enthus.iastic optimism is shar!)d
and echoed by all the friends
of this wonderful. effort at co.· operation. He says that we
have a principality in the making and the way that it is to
be made is for the individuals
themselves to work and pull together for that one great end.
Anyone who is willing to ·come
here, brave some hardships, pui
up· with some di&comforts, go a
little short now and then on
the table and wear a few less
handsome cloth~s, will be welcome here. This will be, we
feel, a ·temporary con9,ition.
We invite the wo.r ld to come
and visit us. But to the quesA Nook In the Adobe Home of Chance Scott
tions:
A lady from Kerman writes
and ·asks six questions. Orie
"~~~®
~~~
~!:~~ OW w, Li•' ot Llonn" hao •timd up of the questions is difficult to answer and I doubt the
some enthusiasm and this dep.a rtment wisdom of attempting to answer it. · The query is:
_
has recei vcd seveml COil!illunications in ''What provision have you made for bringing up the
the Jast few days poming in all sorts ch ildren with a religious training 1 I feel that I want
of questions. lt is very gratifying, in- my chil9ren to have Sunday school and to be brought
deed, to note the interest taken, and to up with a feeling of reve;ence for God."
~
.
read the words of commendation, sayAs yet we have no r egular provision for "religious
ing that these hints are very helpful, training" in the popular acceptation of the phrase. ·
and that they can rely upon the information thus We feel that parents who have arrived at the age of
purveyed.
discretion should be able to bring up their children
When one is filled with enthusiasm for a thing, along these lines pretty much as they ought to go. As
it is hard to hew close to the line, but this we have de- there are so many sects and creeds it would be hard to
termined to do. We have grown so large and have install the Sunday school that would be satisfactory
so much development work done to show the prospects to all. We have people of all sorts of religious beliefs
and 1 other visitors that we do not find it necessary to in the colony, a.nd we have some with no beTief at all ..
expatiate in rhapsodies or attempt to juggle· at all To establish a colony religion, so to speak, doll:btless
with the cerulean. All that is needed is to give a clear would be very distasteful to a large majority of resiexposition of facts and if the facts prove unpalatable dents here who feel they have sufficient intelligence to
or act as a deterrent upon the intending .member, th~n individually work out these problems for themselves.
we conclude that that person is not very determined The feeling is that if colonists want to hold "divine
of heart and is looking for something that we haven't worship" it :,hould be held within the sanctity of the
got here. We have no apologies for the colony. We home, and that none of the present public bmldings
have but kindly feeling teward everyone who is help- used for the purpose, and also th;re is a rule that if
:. 'H
g.
�Tke Wester
· Comrade
auyou
wants to propagate any particular religious
that individual must submit to the open forum
aud answer any questions put.
!:Socialists the world over do this, as well as mo t
other Jines of human uplift invite interroga~o.n . As
a •·ule, the expounder. of the go pel does not do tbis.
\\'hcnev r the proper person comes along qualified to comes ·o f urgeons and d to
•uri
tPach ·the Bible in the prop~r way, that is as generall ,_ fre doin experienced _by tba individual an~ tb k 1~ lwant d, then that person will have an opportunity o · do-e that ome: tim ' h would b b 'ond · ~11 po ibl
,Jij;play hi~> profundity and skilL · Until then, probably, want in . :tddi~wn t~ the at.i fa ~ n tlta.t h would
tlu~ Hunday IH:hool, as regularly known, will have to be be' doing a noble. w9rk, would more than omp n
a "mall group affair.
b t ·. en tbe tire i a:nd the large j.u om tha l~ h p
\\' c IJelic\'e that r evet·ence to God is shown by rever- to receive.
·
l'll<· in~ autl hcipin'g one 's brothers and sisters and that
We bav~- no 4'.enti tat. the pr s t tini. \!
!ll!d <·HU he Sl'l'll in the faces of all, if deeply sought and had OUr h!>pes dashed SeV raJ tim 1 bu d,!) D t d pair
tl~:tt <lo<l can he seen in these giant hills and valleys and of getting one s~on. Thi i no pr mi that w · will
tlr;tt • 'aturc's god smiles
from the carpet of flowers bave·a good dentist soon, but it can b aid that w ar
adMuing th wide plains. •
in comnmnication ~th a 'good man, ,who may m in.
The same lady asl's how goods from the commissary
Yes, we have' a barber and he is a good on . He;trc distributed.
has a ne~t shop, · !Uld pr-actically all tb u ual thing
Tltc answer· to this will be repeated. There is no obtainable· in a city sl1op .can b. obtain d fro.m hi cleI'~'J.(IIIa•· delive1·y wagon to convey groceries f rom the
partment. Charges .are 15 cents for a shave a.nd 25
ro rnmi ~sar·y to the homes. '!'here is an attempt to· have cents for a _haircut. H . sells tickets whiclt l' dtl e the
all tit colonists do their shopping in the morning. It above figures ~omewbat and the cost. is char_g d a run t,
is urgrd th at they brin g their own receptacles for carry- the individual having the work done and credited to
inJ.( nway provisions, etc. As remarked before, baskets his department. We could have a telephon h rc con~no n run out and the distance to the source of supply
(Continued oli Page 2,4)
is so gr·ent, that intending
'
r··~id nts at·c requested to
hr·ing with t hem baskets and
P~prc inlly jars, buckets or .
hot ti cs to convey liquid matl'rinls, sn h a vinegar-, honey,
s~·n1p. , oil and the lilfe. Let
it b
mphasized that the
lliOI'C c mpletely one provides
thPm, elv
with the accustomed things at home, the bett ,. and more ati fied will
they b , and incidentallY. save
u nll con iderable outlay in
~:reed,
at
up
en. h.
The n t four que, tions
grouped. 'l'hey are:
Hav ou a m dieal doctorT
nenti t t · (and my hu band
want to know about tl1e barb r) and telephone T'
nfortunat.ely· we ltave no
ntMieaJ man with n . The opportuniti for a broad-mindetl nnd 1i t-ela doctor are
unlimited. We ba e an ideal
elimat here for the curing of
Corner in tbe Tent House Occupied by Dr. R. K. WIDfam•
.·
�22
The Weste?:n Comrade
Tlie Church and Llano
By ALBERT A. JA .M ES
~~~:IREQUE
'!'IN we are asked if we have a
Those who have blindly followed ·f ormalities have,
at the Llano d el Rio Colony. at times, shown evidences. of having realized there is a
The variaus forms in which this question · . econd ·ommandment, as well as a .first, a~d have a is asked emphasizes the fact that in- tempted. to sli-ow the South Sea I la!lder that it is not
numerable . religions and sects have in harmony with t he t eachings of the Nazarene for him
SIWUng up, as a r esult of the compctiti•ve .to slay h is btotheJ;, put hi.m .in a .pot, cook him and' eat
systein.
" ' . him; but th'e's e same for~ality . worsh.iP.ers will boldly
1t seems t hat a n ew sect or "moral defend our · present · industrial system whereby the
standard"- has developed, as a r esult" of each form of· stroiJ.g dev,qur the i~eak, by absorbing d~ily the greater
c·xploitation. J<~o r ·instance, 'vc have: the captains of ·part ·of the production of the workers, through a sys~
i11dustry of the Thaw-White type, cmj)loying a "Billy . tem :o~ profit~, rent an4 interet. 'l'hey fail to sec that
Sn ll<lay" to tell their ,\rage Slaves that they will go to . to- cons~m·c -a TQan 's time is to consume· his life. They
hPll if th ey drink booze. \Vc heat· these same captains do not stop' at consuming a .man 's time, but consume
of industt·y sny tliat th ey could well afl'Md to pa_v ·tbe t~me ' and life of the women and babies, grinding
Su td ny $50,000 a wed\ , b ecause of the profits th ey into pr'Ofits the li\'.eR . and souls of the most h elpl ~s
make hccause of the increasf'd <>ffici en·c y of their men. members of our race.
<·au sed by Sunday's work.
. '\\\· IH'P not at all tlisturhed wh en the defenders of.
Unfortunately, Billy ::.lull(lay has to put-a few cxtr·a th e P!·esent iru}u;~;_tt·ial system u ·e every means to retard ·
tone}tt'S Oil thr lt f'l] of a g<>ncration ago, in order to the work of _those who WOUl.d cstabli~h a COmmunity
g-<'t a contrast with th f' lwll the st<>el workers a re forced
where tb'e ·god of profit ·is not .worsi1ipped and where
to live antl worl< in at Pittshnrg.
the rights of th e individu al aJ'e ·ouserved throu"'h eoThis Pxtra tou('h '"hieh l\h. Sunday gi 1·es to his opt>r·ativ<> ownet·ship of the means of pr·oduetion .
Tho ·e who preach submi. ion to the present cqncli-.
pidtll'<• of lr l·ll off<•nds th P aPsth PtiP tastes of the R cY.
A ke<l , who would warn an offil'c hoy to h e loyal to his tio11s and forget that. jnstice should be one, are quick
lll11 S1.f' r an<] not trail<• OffiC(' ser-r<!tS fOl' a ti<•k ct- tO thr tO COlldcmn. rhosc WhO \TOnld teach th-e wage slave
hnll game. But h_r would h olrl in r everence the $10.000 of today to he patic:>nt ~mel 11~•c and bye everything will
a yt•;tt' Bishop, who would tra de his ability to draw a he lovely , are ear cftil .to see that th er e is pie ·in the
t· t·owtl to the fa ithful Epw01·th J,eagn e· worl<:er s of his cnphoard today at thcit• own home. ' Js- it any wonder
t·lnrt·t·h , for $100 per night.
that th-~ workers arc tire(! ot: su ch preaching and are
·we are sometimes conllernncd lweanse we .do not seekin g 1111 asylum ft·om thosr wlio " ·ould coin the mot
huiltl a church at the eolony. Pl ease tell us, you who sarrrtl belief of man into mon<>.v ano srlf-;tggrandizeth ink you. are fol lowers of tlw lowly Nazar·<>n e, who ment 1
we would accept in .that ehurch Y ·would yon f'XIVt' havr frequ<·utl_v ~sk Nl !·Ot·t·rsponde.n t s who
clnde from it t h e ,Jew, ot· would you accept th e J ew . •·h11nor fot· clmrclws t o st'IIO us the pl~ns of th (• <·hul'(·h
antl Pxeludr the 1\'fo-rmon, ot· would you condemn to wh er·r the Carpent<• r of Nn;r,m·eth wot·, hipp Nl. h11t
<'V<'t·lasting pnni.·hiuent both the .Jew and thr Mormon non<> h as heen forth <>oming .
Ilave w e a pl ace of worsh ip~ Yes, we have God's
Hnd accept only the Methodistv
Tt may h e you would have us build a church · for· . great, m1limited Ct'Nttion of mountain and plain. '\Ve
each of th e various sects which the competitive system hreathr the pme ai r, 1mpollutr~ by the breath of l1im
IH}S o<>vnloped, If so. we would n eed more chur ches who shouts the praise of a murderous army or shrug,
thnn row stHnehions.
.
his shoulcletJ:ndiffcr rntly when the t ate literally
\vould you have us continue the practice ·of build- t ears the head fron~ thr body of its victim at. a legal
in g hundred thousand dollm· edifices in the name of h anging.
thr Carpent.er, and mortgage the soul , the conscience
No, we have no visible ehnrch ; but 'I'V e have a· deano the honor of those who "worship" there to· the termination to ernse f rom our h earts that cannibalistic
money lender of the community¥ Would you have us spirit (our heritage for generat ions) and establish in
hn ilrl these great palaces and d edicate them to the wor- its stcHd that spirit of rcHl hroth erhood which not only
ship of the Carpenter wh o had no place where h e could revolts at mnking a pot i·oast of_our brother , but also
·r efuses to eat his t ime or consume his wife and babies.
lay his h ead Y
·a
�...
2.3
Tke Western Comrade
Sophy
The Mexican
People
(Continued f rom Page ' 10)
ha vin ' proper in the chosen house
God, she 'd look - a round and
aro und with t hem big Mack !=Jyes,
th en vll of it sudden they'd ct·inkle
up, 'n she'd begin to bite tl1em full
r•·d lips o ' her 'n- 1 gu ess Satan
tu;l! le ht r mouth- 'n like as not
"h" 'd disgra ce us by niclcerin ' out
ln111L 'N IYh r n w e g ot home 'n had
to i'<H-e !-iam 'l she'd be gin to trim Ill•·. 'n ma:v he a 11 she'd say was that
l~nlt her Ba r kcr was tryi11' to get a
,-h•·w of t oha(·kct· out o' his pocket
wit ho11t Sister Ba t·k cr see in ' him .
.\ s if Tom Bark e r 's godl essness
11·;"" 't a thill f! . to e r~· about illstelld
of I;~ ug-h ahout!
··· \\'l'll. \\·hat with Samuel 's and
lilY ( 'hristi11n tra inin g Sophy got
'!lli ••t,•r as sh r got older. ' ll Samwd
sny s. 'With the hl'lp of God 1n•'JI
s;ll't' Sophy's soul yet' H e k ept
tltink in ' PYP ry Suucla:v th at s he'cl
::•·t t'O ill'l'l'tcd ' n w11nt to lw hapt izPd, hut 1 l'OU ld sec tha t Sa tan
ll'as still ltn·l<in ' in h Pr, · h ehiud
thl' lll hig' s rn ortldPrin ' Pyes. 1 got
"" s I c·oulcln 't nnd erstalld · lt Pt'
nt a ll.
" \\'IH•n Samu el w ould gt' t t he
whi p. shr look ed so tall an rl slim .
' n st oo!l so qurr r· and still ,· not
sha ki n ' a mite like sit e u sed to
wh1·n h e. hit h er , she gave m e H
rpH' <·r sort. of fcelin ' that th er e was
so111dh ing ahont h er 'h e couldn 't
hurt no matt('J' h ow h ard h e hi t .
':\ 'J !>II rrosc th e l;ord will punish
IIH' . hut wh en I fotmd she'd sneal< t1d
out '1J lPfl rn ri! to dnn ce T n e1;er told
hrt· fathrr, for· I knew he 'd turn
h(' r on!', 'n sinflJ] as !'dt r was T
tho n~ht 11 hrii.P of thflt' g irl.
'N
things w r nt on lil((' tlHtt for awhil r,
"'" stn n<l in ' hrtween h er 1111d h er
fnt hr•t·. ' n thrn on e d11y h e . flid he'd
w:ritPd ti ll ~h r ll'l'IS SPYentren. h c'cl
!!i ,.,.,1 htr !!OOil Clnisti11n tl'ainin '
'n nlPnt:v .o f time. n ow sh e''d got to
nr :rl: r np h Pr mind to h r b11ptizrd Ot'
~o. hr rnn Inn 't h:we h er evil infiut·nc·r · lr::trli11 ' h r l' li ttle brother. and
s i ~tf' t•s 11strily.
" 'N thr n Rophy got mad. Rh e
ll';os '!W I ' P I' murh of 11 hnnd to g et
"'"'1. f'Wf' l)t nt h e r· fntlwr. With
"'"· sh<' '(] 5u<:t give m e 11 qu eer ,
nih•in ' kinil of loc,k . but wh en lwr.
fat lrr r· Rllirl :m ythin ~ to l1rr. h er
('_vrs got j u st like red h ot coals, hut
or
sh e n ever dared to say much. But
now she Q.roke right out and told
him she hated him and his hjdeous
r ligion, 'n a ll she'd stayed this
long f or ·was beTause she couldn 't
bear to leave h et· l ittle sisters and
·ay
bec".>tuse she pitieJ me.
he sa.ic!,'
she n ever blamed poor nf~-sh e
L. (:lutierrez .de Lara
·
' and ·
was always toi·mentin '' h e r eTf
more 'n a nybody el e tryin ' to live
.Edgcumb Pin~hon
up to her.· ugly b lief. 'N ,. he. ·aid " ·
I ha t fr om no11· ou if she tar v
to·· .
d eiJ t]J doin ' it ·h wa . goin' ti:rJo<llt
'n Jopk t ill she .found a ·place:'vht•Te ·
a II thr laug htet· 'n ftui. tttilt .\vas
a Iwa ys seet hin' ,'n bubblin ' way..
down in h er would be wan.t d .
' Somebody must want it.'· site
said , ' throwin ' out h et· arms ..with
one of th em gestm· s s he was · a lway. cnti cin ' m e away f t·o.m my
dnty with, '' I've got so much ; 'n
mayhc the de-v-i-l- will like my b ein ~
pretty if yom · hid eous old God
d on 't! '
"Sh e1 n c Yet~ got any far.th el'. for
~amn e l go t ri gh t up 'n pointed to
the dom·, his ha nd nsh akin ', 'n said,
· Ont of t his house, you devil 's
\\·omari ! Yon a in 't no child of
Olli'S !'
' ' 'N she w ent and I got up to
foll ow h et· otit and ·t ell h er . t o b e
sure t o tflke h er winter und erwear
tbllt was on th e top sh elf in the
l' h ildt'<"ll ' R r·oom, 'n I w a nted to
g i1·e h et· th e egg money I 'd -saved
up. fo r Sa mu el a lways Jets me have
t hilt fo t· my own, as h e says h e
kn ows T " ·on 't sqn11nd r r· it, hut
-~~~ rnnel sflid, 'Rit- down, Emmit ,' so
r set down.
" Sa mnel s
hand
was
still
.- Ita], in ', but h e pick ed up t h e
Qua r·t r l'ly ' n w ent ri ght. on l'ead in ' .
f.:n muel 's Jots str·on gc r ' n 111 (' . Bnt
gach n ew ba ttl e or the bl oody r evof-;oph~· e11 me hacl< and kissed m e
lution in M ex.l cu mar(es ! Ills bnok t he
g-ood-hye n J whis pm·cd to hr r
n1on· ya.luable. It Is I h most 1 -enutrk ~
11 hon t the und erwear , 'n th en she
• abl e "" w ell 'as th e most in t lllge11 L tnl e rt •·eLa ti on of uncl eriy ing m o tives.
hcgun to cry , n oh it was trl'l'ibl e !
'l'r rr·ihle ! , pl1 y go in ' s trai ght to
Bve1·y •>n e :;h ou ld h ave this book in
his llhrary.
h ell lih e t hn t ! l\'fy own gil'l on th e
l'OIHl t o h e]] !"
.
"\'Ve are fas t c lo Jng oul our rf'm ~ll n
lng copies of " Th e lll'cxic;1n Peopl ."
" Y on don t rn~a n to tell m e
If you hu t'I'Y you can g<'L In e n Lh
Soph y h11 - - "
comblnat iun o ffer o f ..-rhe ' V es-t ern
" Oh not .lil<<' you think. She's
C'ommde n ncl thi s book f n r only $1.75.
marri ed and ·g-ot a hahy, but h er
Address The W;eateru Comrade, C ir.·oul ': lost just the sam e.· S h e's
c ul a t ion Ma n a ger, 923 H igglna Bldg,,
onr oi them mov ie actresses!"
Los AnRelea, C a l.
Their-Struggle ..
for Freedom
cl
'rh e . p aker lapsed into sobs.
�The Western Comrade
24
Murderers-You and I
Your Combings
made into switches for
one dollar, postpaid.
•
Work guaranteed.
MRS. E. TJ]RNWALL
Llano, Cal.
1s
the only Magazine
of its kind
(Continued from Page 9)
. You priest, you preacher you You of white oft hand , large of
lying, snivelina p aim-singing hyp- girth and small Of br&in, you nre
ocrites. You are the murderers !
the murder r !
You judge! You mi crable, cowYou reader of thi , ou helped
ardly aasa sin. You draw yQur me strangle thi boy, but there i ,
,
cloak of sanctity about you ' but a difference.
you smell of the mu t.y tomb!
You wanted it done; I wa im.
You and your damned law :.and willing. You belie,·e in capital
court and dungeon · and gibbet : killing: I abhor murder·. Yon enll
You reek with the . tench of the · it~ puni hment ; I ay you do it fur
rotting ages. You mu-rdered this brutal. cru l, barbaric r e\'enge,
boy!
·
"
You, p eople of Ca lifornia. mal~e m~
You hanker, gamhler, petty ' a party to your crime of mu rd er
lmcksterers- you of the trihe of and for tlHit I hnte you with all t lw
business- you sle~· · this· youth! hate of hell!
This is why:- ,
Three years ago Pearson's decided to
be a free magazine.
Life On the Llano
This is what it did:A BA NI>Ol':EI> FA!':CY COVERS
CUT OUT COLORE D PI CTURES
A IJOI'TED I'L:\1:--1 PAPER
(Conti~ued
from Page 20)
nceting us to all parts of the coun~ .
with a day or two ·o r labor.
\Ve haYe th e wire to conl)ect it up
This was the purpose :and the loose c.n ds are just a mile
and a half away. This matter is
A plain form 1vould enable the magsimply one of doing t he work and
azine to live on its in come from subas we are so pressed for other
scriptions and monthly sales. It
would not have to consider the effect · things have not thought it neces- ·
sa r·,v to take the time to do it.
on advertisers when it wanted to print
V cgeta hies are daily carted
the truth about any public question.
around and all desiring may give
This was the result:their order·s to the vegetable man.
Pearson's now prints the truth about
The garbage is r emoved daily. The
some question which affects your wel- - fami lies place it in cans ou t he back
fare in every issue. It prints[ac'ts
of the lots as in the city, and the
garbage man does the r est. Famiwhich "no magazine that depends on advertising could lies contemplating coming in would
make no mistake in bringing along
"afford'' to print.
t his recepticle. However, this is
not insisted on.
And, with all this, P earsons still prints
An Idaho man asks how the
as much fiction and entertainment
adobes ar·e constructed. While the
articles as other magazines. If you
writer is not able to build one, or
want plain facts instead of pretty
tell exactly how it is done, yet the
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
followin g is a rough sketcL Bricks
the year for $1 .50.
arc made in the usual way and sundried. These are laid on stone
~y special arrangement with Pearfoundations, asphalted over to preson's we are able to make you the
Yent capillary attraction, and the
following-clubbing offer.
walls run up in the usual way. The
You can get both PEARroof is then laid and dirt mixed
SON'S MAGAZINE and
with water, collected usually in the
THE WESTERN COM yard of the building, and is then
RADE for one year by
sending $1.50 (the price of
carried to the roof and ar tistically
Pearson's alone) to
laid. The roof is then painted with
asphaltum and the sides covered
~The Western Cemrade
with a waterproof materiaL These
923 HIGGINS BLPG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
homes are plastered with adobe,
which gives them a nice brown
t r·y,
eolor. Th e effect is soothing and
t he inter·iors <li'C warm and drv.
The bui ldiu g is 1Gx24, two room's.
Some few are slightly. larger·. These
atlobes are temporary and will be
toYn down when we move to the
permanent ,townsite,
. Th e cafeteria is in vogue in the
dining-room. That .is, . everyone
waits · on himself, practically.
Knives, forks, etc., a re in boxes and
plenty of trays ~onsti tute tbe equipment necessary for the attack on
the food supply. Then you go in
front of a lon g counter, where you
are handed the various edibles.
This method has been round very
sat~sfactory, as it does away with
much labor in the carr ying dishes
to and fro, filled and empty, and
causing considerable waiting on the
part of the diners.
Mrs. A. F. Zachaery of Bridgeport, Conn., asks what to bring to
Llano in the way of clothing.
E verything that you are in the
habit of wearing, with the excep·
·tion of extreme evening gowns, 9r
of a very dressy nature. One nice
dress for our evening affairs would
not come amiss. However, wguld
advise you to bring the ubstantials
and lots of them, such as middie
blouses, middie pinafores, one-piece
gingham dresses, plenty of apronB
and one-piece woolen dresses, erge
or something- warm. The wintPr
season throws a considerable chill
around and everyone should take
�· -T h e W e s t e r n C o·m r.a d e
c;1 re to provide themselves with
plenty of warm clothing.
Provide yourself and children
with warm sweaters and, of course,
you r r egular winter ·c oats, warm
stockings and good, stx:ong walking
shoes. Don 't forget the knitted
caps and snug hats. These are generally 'useful.
As remarked in a previous iss1,1e
in regard ·to household furnishings,
bring the cookstove, built for woodburning, at least five links of pipe
and two elbows. The colony makes
this material, but ·it is not always
possible to obtain it on request and
yon might as well be comfo rtable
as ()uickly as possible.
There is a mistake that should be
n·d ificd now th.at appeared in last
month's ;'Vestern Comrade. The
stat-ement was made that fa mily
1rnsh ing rould be done at th e laundrl'. 'l'his statement has been indi~nant ly r efuted m01·c than fifteen
ti111 Ps, so it is advisabl e to bring
~·o111· own "·ashtubs-galv:mized,
Jll't•fr rab ly- hoil cr s, buckets, etc., in
ortl er to do this work at h ome.
IJo,,·(·ver, at the tim e of last writi ll~. th ere seems to have been set
nsidr a day to do family washing,
hnt sin ce the rul e has been changed
0 11 nrcount of th e inadequate quarll·r·s and hand work.
.\ s has been said before, bring·an
yo ur kitchen utensils. A man re•·rlltly arri ved after giving away
"'·1·rything in his home kitchen. He
1\'ns much put out and suffered not
a little in not having these necessa ry t hings wh en he arrived her e.
It is hardly n ecessary to dictate to
tlr r housewife what to bring ·along
!h('se lines, as her good sense will
figure it out.
Tn making yourself co'm fortable
in Llano, do not forget a good suppi~' of warm bedding. As a matter
of fact, fi gure this way : Assume
thnt there is nothing to be had along·
these lin~s for a long time and that
~· on must qepend wholly upon y oursri f. This policy will win most anywh!Jfe and will make you comfortahJP.\her e.
Recently a fam'ily arrived and
brgan drawing heavily on the commissary. While this is in a sense
all right, yet it is not fai r to the
colonists already her e. P eople on
thP outside must not forget ·that
this is a living proposit ion and
when you come here to join us, you
25
We do with Talking Machines what For~ did with Autos
If you haye never been -wiilin:z to Ci>en:i. ,-..,..-':"'""...,..---'---,----.
S:ze I$~ inchet at ba..:; G,U hiah. Atlt lor
·
1
od 1 k '
ook or mahocany finish. Nickel plated.
.The MUSIGRAPH
.
•• a.a arge; ~ 0 • 00 ' lf'U, r•ven1ble tonearm and reproduc<;<, playina
nght-soundrng as machrnea aelhng for $ 2 5.
Edioon, Vietor. Columbia and other dioc
Howdowedoit? Here'atheanswer: Giganiic' rcconla. 10 and 12 ,in~bea. Wonn aear
profits h:"ve been made fro~ ~25 machines because .of ;:~:1'~~\, ;~:~~tedwit'h'~~! :i~j·in~~~;n~
patent nght monopoly. Milhons have gone for ai:l- · coo:,O!!:r.a door. Neat and to!idly made.
vert ising $2S machines, and these millions come back '--......,.._;....._...,.:..
• ----"---......:
from the public. The attempt is to mole $25 the. stand aid price. It's too much.
The trust price game is broken. H ere is a machine which gives perfect sat.islaction
(guaranteed) for only $1 0. It will fill ypur home with dancinl'• good music, fun _and happiness. Money back if it isn't as repreaented. MUSIGRAPHS are sellmg by the
thousands. People who can afford it buy showy autos, but common-sense people gladly ride
Fords-both get over the ground. Same way withtalking machines, only the MUSIGRAPH
looks and works like the high-priced instruments.
.
·
WHAT BETTER CHRISTMAS GIFT CAN YOU THIN~ OF? M!lai·
grapha play any standard disc record, hi::;h-pric:ed •or even the little five -and
ten cent recorda. Hurry your order to make- aure of Chriatmaa delivery. .
'We are advertiaing these big bargain machines through our customeri-one MUSIGRAPH
in use sells a dozen more.
One cash payment is our plan. So to-day, to inaure Chri.atmaa delivery, send $10,
by P . 0. mon~y order, check, drah, express order or postage &l'amps. All we ask is that you
tell your neighbors how to l!et a MUSIGRAPH for only $10.
$25 for a talking machine t!lis i3 ycmr chanFc•
GUARANTEE.
Thi• machine ia •• repreacnted, both 11 to
materialt and workmanship, for •- period of
one year. II the MUSJCRAPH is not !U
repr-oted oend it back immedi.aelp and
Get your money back.
Address
MUSJGRAPH; Dept.
224
Distributor• Advertiaiftlr Service (Inc.)
142 West 23rd. Street, New York City ·
•
Christmas Shopping?
Undoubtedly you have friends who have a literary bent and whom you
would like to r emember with a Christmas present. There is nothing
more suitable ·than a year's su bscrlptlon to The West ern Comr11de.
Send In ' a check or money order !or one dollar ($1) now so that tbe
subscription will commence . with the· Christmas edition.
To make four people happy just send in two dollars ($2) with their
names and addresses. Address:
Circulation Manager
THE WESTERN COMRADE
923 Higgins Building
Loa
A'ngetea, Cal.
�26
T h e . W e s.·t e t n C o m r -a d e .
Our
Greatest Offer!
Here Is a cop!binatlon otter of The
American Socialist, oflicial organ ot
the National Socialis t Party, the
famou s " 1914 Natlonal Campaign
Book" and The Western Comrade
that not one reader of The Western
Com ra de can afford to let s lip by.
are JOmin(7 a 1 t of h uman: jn t .t o "'o to the com· ry. fo~ t<t\ raJ
like your h · · and h1n· t he am e month .
.
want ·and filled with the am · de.
Ther are many PlOr que ti on t
ir e . \Ve ha,: all mad . am·ifice · be. afl wer d and w I1op tbat we
to g t i n to tlti
olony and n ow luiYe helped a little and b efor clo .
·t hat 1\·e are her , we want others ing will ay to Ute ~uttanooga or.
to respe ·t tlli a crifi e and help a
t• ·p nd n tlla we eat pork, alt
much a · po sibl . by b Ipin a them- pork, 'pacon ham and ot her prod.
selves.
u c t of th n qble animal, but w.e
ome 'So equipp d witJ1 flui:m ·1 d o n't ahniv h av him.
o hrin
shia·t h eanr boot · and ho ' hat
all tJ1 dried m at you can pa~ for
and a]ove : ·rttbb t: boot :_in · b et a nd r ecei\' . t h f' hie in'g o f the
•o ·oppli d th~t you will . nut;' l~ef'd !'Ollli anr ffi8l1 .
The American Socialist
for _one year is . : ... ... . $ .50
The 1914 Campa ign Book . ;oO
The Western Comrade for
one year is... . ... ... . .. _1.00
Tota l . .. ... . . . ..... . . . . . $2.00
We will m'a ke you a
combination of the
above for just $1.35
Take advantage of this offe r now!
Ad dress:
Circu l ation
Manager
THE WESTERN COMRADE
923 Higgin s Tl lrlg., Los Angel es, Cal.
" The Great Working Class Dally"
THE
MILWAUKEE
LEADER
.. Unawed by
Influence
a nd Unbribed by Gain"
P.dlt o r- VIc to r L . l :en;er.
,.; :-;~ i ~t ant~ -Jam es H o w e. A. M:. Si m ~
nr•R, U :.:rno r e Sn 1 H h , Tho mns S. An-
dll' w :.:.
·
T ·h e . Job
· · · (Continu~d !r?m Page 11 )
" Huny , l\lay, tile h eat- ·~ "
' ' Ove t· this way-" - "
" Y ·~-th e sta ii·,,·av is- ·_ ..
" I t ·s :1 1\.Pn fi rt' !
· ' L<''t 's tt·v :1 wind ow . "
" I don't ·know- - ··•:
< · . -:
lmow. "
'' .A hout,vou ? Y e . "
·'The· s mol< <'- it's so t hi r·k ·. 1- .
" And T !mow about you. "
IJO!d tigltt1·r ' :\bt:v- 11·1· ' II soop·
ThL·re w a.· a s ile uec.
II(•- - "
" Will yon tc·ll rn.c- i f J t II . ou,
'' Y Ps. ' ' f'l:'<·hl,v, " J'll tl'y - - "
':\l'ay.?"
.
" Ift'rr's a winllow- XIa v . ' '
"You d on t linn' to t ell me,
" Mny!
I.ool< u p h e r~ ! No ! Hosc- 1 kuow. "
No! Do11 'tfaint ! l<'o r· Cod 's .sakC'.
·." T k now , too, 1\Tay, nhont m .
:\la y ! \\' (' must gC't o.u t of' he r e! 1-T ean't .w.alk irn,v mot·e. 1\fy.m:r.
:\fay! flf11y ' PIC'ast' , w ak e ttp·l f' L'Pt ·a 1·c• g01w ! " ..
~l't ' ! 'l'ht• JWOpl c hC'Iow- tlt cy hold .
'l'h l' rC' W<t fl ;rno th c·,. .. ilcnec. Both
o1t1 t h<•ir ;u·rns to us!
Th e flam es \l'l'l'P s t if·lill !! tft p SObS Of J ity. for
a,.,. tlosc r i Cod. ;\f 11y! .Jump : · ·the otltf'r.
Tlu· ht·:rt- :\l'n,v ! You must jump !
" Hos<' .. , :sn id !\T11y fina1 1.Y, " th ey
· Y ou ll'ill 1l it>- lotil< out ! O u r li P1l tn nw at' fit·st- hut J lm w.
t·lothN; an• a fir <'! Oh! \fa~r ! )fay ! 'l' lw v didn 't.lta ,·r to tr.ll m . P I nsc,
T must· ]pap! Cood. hy<' dNll'Hos;·, ' · . lw · pl r nd ed , " if mother
!!OOil - ·- ,.
.
•·o Bws tlon 't tell hcr·- not y rt, nny.
Thr·ou g h tltt' a ir, ,.J ot ht•s atla mc•. 11·av- r mn hlind !"
·
thl' girl le aped rout· stori es. strik. · • · I won't.' · p1·om iscd llosc.
ing tli l' grou 11d witlt a s icke11i11 g
" Is tht•t·c· a window- near ?"
!'I'HSh.
" On<' nt my left, " RosP :~ n
ThP l.e:Hi o•· Is publis h ed in Ame r!ca ·s
' ' o·nn ~·h n l•l of S ocia lism.
It Is the
f:T <'A t ''"t P.ng llsh Socla ll' l Dailv In the
\··n r hl.
f t i ~ a l\l orl <"rn l\1etr'opn litan
Dally, con tnlnlng the latest news.
Attl<"n~ tt s di:'lttncttve f ea t urPs are:
SOCIALIST NEWS PAGE, LA ·
BOA '\JEWS PAGE, SPORTING
PA G E ,
MAGAZINE SECTION,
WOMAN'S PAGE, EDITORIAL
PAGE.
,
1'h<> pt·lcP <>f The L eade r !s 25c per
!no nt h: $3.00 pt:r yc n.r.
Combination offer wit'l.
The WESTERN COMRADE
n o t h rnr o n" )' <'n r
fo r $3.00 (the
tWI<'C of the ;\lll waukcc Le.\de r alo n ) .
Address:
Circulation Department
923 H iggi ns Bldg..
Los An gel es, · CaHf.
or
j)l' l'hli.' iou '
thl' d od on ; t o . pia ·o
the ~-ril'l · tots C'los r· tog-cth e t·.
" ~fay l" wh i.·p(')'ed Roll , a ft er
· th P m ll·sc ltnd gone · ' do you
D OWN tliP lo ng " ;ard of' a hospit a l W<' t'e r·oll's of tots .filled
wi th hur·np(J and in.iu rc!l l'it·tims.
HPrP ;mel tli f' r C" nnrs<•s a nd dor tors
lnisi ed th<•mseh·ps with th l'it· pati en ts in thC' ntt ernpt to alft•viatP
nain.
.
· " 1hry ! ' ' sc t·enmecl a l?irl 1n n
c·ot.
A nJWf'<· hliiTi('(l OVi' l' to <pii!'t hc•J'.
· · • Th<' ro·. th"r<'. cl C'::t r. y on 'II h C' ;!ll
1 i!rltf '-'00 11 . "
•· Is :\l'a.1· ht-rt' ?" slt P :u;k <•d pla int in •h ·.
" Hof'<'!" emtw in a m u ffl <•tl hnt
t!hHl N Y from tlw n C'x l pot.
· '· :\I a.': ' l'm
g lad- - · ·
ln a WP k t lw lllll'Sf' oh~ain.ecl
.·o
SII'PI'C'rl .
" \ Vh nt c·an y on sre- you lmow
I - -"
" Th c•J·c· is a c·om·t wall , " she
h pga n slowly- tlw n anolocwti a lly,
" T 1·an 't f\C'P mu Ph , hut there's a
v in C' th C'r P with n fe w l1•avcs on itnn e]. 011 (' lea f n;at's r etl- a ndflutt pf•s. Oh 1\fav. d ea1·- T-T. can 't ."
Another long silen ce, th e-n :
" Hosc> do von think J Pan lenrn
nll Ol"(•t·..:_in thP d a rk. l ' \'P got to
1\'or·l: - or f" I H J' Vf -- "
" \\' r• will hoth trv . }f av. W e
t7n t t n li,·P.' · 'I' he !{ ~'<lw ' · ·ij?hPd
I'" " •:ilv H " ] " • ·aid:
" l ~~·o11dPt> if WP ra n g t>t n nT ,,Jli
iob s h:H•I{ \l' h (>JJ t hry r·Phuild th ~
f:n·!o r~r !' ·
�T h e W e s t ~1"-n. Co m r ad e
Militaristic A. F. of L. H ERE is a word of greeting to
Comrades Joe Cannon and
Adolpb G rmer. They failed to get
~ n anti-milita ry r eso!ut ion through
t he A. F . of L. conventio.n, but they
put up a fight that attracted wide. pr-Pad attention . J oe's speech was
•·mTicd out hy the prces associates
and giYcn widespread publ icity.'
" Af! soon as we arc prep a red, "
~a id Comrade Cannon, "we shall be
plungf'd into a war wll CLleYer it may
mc·a n profits for -th e fin an cial inter.. sls."
'l'h f' 41'111 h of this undoubted ly
loontf' in upon th e hea r ers, but
l: nrnJwr·s r11sh cd to th e r csru e of the
nl'lll illllf'llt
mai<C•r·s and pmfit
pidu·r·s.
•
.\ sad fen ftll'f' of t hr sitmttio n was
that 1\ndr·pw Fnruseth , t he ~rand
nld s bdll'art, t ook th r sicl r of th e
tllilit:11·ists. l t is unfortun ate that
n,,,. sn I<PP!t in almost all matters
· · "n•·t • rnin~ th r worl< (·r·s shoul d be
l!l'oping ancl hl ind on snr h a
lllilf f('J'.
w;~s
Interrupted Joy
.Ignorance·is the· Great
Curse!
Do you
passion?
kn;;;:, for instance, the
.; .
scl$tific difference between ·l9ve and
Human Ute is full ot 'hideous' ~xbi~i{ of wretchedness dqe to ignorance of sexual norilllllity.
.
• •·
·.
Stu pid, penilclous prude;y long bas .blfude<i us t~ s exual t~u't.h. Sctonce
was slow in entering this 'vital field. lri r!lcent years commercia!Jsta
eyeing profits have unlos:ded many unecientific and da ngerous sex books.
No\V, the world'!! great s.cientific n:titids are ·dealing with this subject u·pon
which human happiness often .d-e pends. ·No, longer is the subject taboo
among intelligent people.
·
We take plea.aure fn offering to the 'American public
the work of on~ of the world;s greatest authorltlea upon
the question of sexual life: He Ia . August . Forel, M. D.,
Ph. D., LL. D., qf .Zuri.ph, .Switzerland. · His ·book will
open your eyes to yourself and explain many mysteries.
You will be better for this knowledg_e.
·
Ever y professional man._and woman, those· dealing with social, medical,
criminal, legal, religious and .educational 'niatters will find this book of
immediate value. Nur se s, polic·e officials, heads of public lnstitutlous,
writer s, judges, clergymen and te~M.:hers· are urged to. get this book ·at once.
The subject is treated from e'v ery point of view. The chapter on "love
and other irradiations of the sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex e motions- Contraceptive means discussed- Degeneracy exposedA guide to a ll in domestic r elations- A grea.t book by a great man.
'· Yuun~ man, " said the magis-
tra i t• scl't•r·rly, " th e as .. a ult you
"'''''' I'O mmittcd on your poor wife ·
ll' ;t s most. hrutal.
Do you know of
" "·'· r·r ason why I should not · send
y ou to prison Y''
'1f you do, your honor," r eplied
til L• pl'i oner at t h e b\ll", hopefully,
" it will hr·cak np our honeymoon."
Fittest to · the Front
In· , rvia th e aged and ·t he infinn, t h ' invalids and crippled , are
fij:(hti ng in the war. T his is an in1'1' 1' ion thn t should be stopped.
The c a r c th fitt t, a nd usually
they a1·e· allowed to live while the
young nnd tt·ong p eri h. Let us
t'lin~ t o ur old claim of the surl'ivnl o~ the fitt t.
On the Free List
'he Hip nw head an Rrticle ' T
llo w orl Will Henrl This. '
\Y ~ hop ' . o t oo. \Vl1y not r on-
"The Sexual .Question"
H eretofore sold by subscription, only to · ph-ysicians. Now offered to
the public. Written in plai.n terms. Former price $5.50. Now 111nt pre·
paid for $1 60. This is the r evised and enlarged Marshall English translation. Send check, money order · or stamps.
Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
• Orlkr
General Dwlers in Boob. Sent on Mail
142 West 23rd St., New York, N.Y.
Dawson's Dermal Cream
Prevents wrinkles, softens and beaut ifies skin. Removes freckles,
tan, moth patches and all discolorations. Greatest beautifier of
the age.
One Ounce Jar 60c Postpaid
Prepared By
DR. ELIZABETH DAWSON
Llano, Calif.
snit y m· .uh.erip6on lit !
At the
Ia
Telepbone Home A-4533
· · Th~' new eoloui t would be a
l-"~od dnnt>er if it wasn
for two
hiu~
f••~>t."
" \Ylutt'
tbatT"
' ,Hi
HARRIMAN & RYqKMA.N
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles. Cal
Main &ljl
Home A-200;J
A. J.
&TE~ENS
Dentist
30fi Soutb Broadway
• Room 514
Los ~elet. C•L i
�''f•'
28
W.ateh eapitalism with its genAt 'd<e -recruiting , t:antl: ••14.
er6n.s benevolence tep forward Uris die and , Genti'em:en, furthlt, Ute
Entered u
aeeond~claa• ma'Ltler at the
coming yuletide and {>read its 'Celebr:ated M<lm~ dan'e'er, ~ ill
pOet o.mce .at Loa Angel.ee, CaL
,s kare of Christmas .giving. As a vor rr with t>m ()t h r itiv-orite-n
. 924 Htgg!·ns BuJldin,g, Los Angeles, Cal . forerunner they have ali-eady given
"Tho e volunt ' ripg tor tb
Subscription Prlce One Dollar a Year · Great Britain a bali billion dollar front kindly · tep· this w~- '
In ·C lubs of F.our Fifty Cents ·
war loan. They have sent bun"1.1en, I 8m a-eriflcing every.
dreds of tons of' ammunition to the thing for the cau e-I hav n.Uo\ -M
Job Harriman, 1.{anaglng Ellitor
Alii s. iEYen the starving Belgians women to · wotk in my factnry in
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
received their shar~r--and an- orde:r to let tlte m:en go to the
Vol. JJI
November, 1915
N.o. 7 have
other hare i,s pr<?mised riuht a~';tY. front.'' ·
Oh! We here at boin T:. · o ·.
"God on Hj hi with u . La t
Random Shots
they haven t ·im·goUen ··n , either. · night sev rity oul .were wiped out
GIWHGE R. L NN, direct action-" Just the other day tl1ey aay · u a : 1n a brutal and mm~deroli a ault
tep up. hoy., and
ist \Vho once chopped down a nice lit le factorV' fire· and bUl'nea · by a Z ppelin.
ian for the ft·ont. 'J.;et u pt:ay !''
satr-etl' tree in the streets of· a number of the '~' inmat s . ·~vith it.
"Are you married, my good marrT
St·h<·rwdatly and nanowly escaped.~ That will give ·som-e: of · u . uttem-'
a jail ~wufl'll<·e for choppi~ at tjle ployed a joh .wl1en they ·buil.d an., ,, ·.· o·J You will find .a war bt·id orer
.. ·
·
·
there on the right. 'l'h prie' t \\·ill
s:11nP tirnt· sar:r·ed trad ition and a factory.
And then again, on account of · many you."
r·o111'1 illjllllc·t ion , ,Jws ht•c!n for th!'
' 'l'he elti i ·ters will ·now fa.
sf> r·ontl tirnc elected mayor of that th e war tl1cy have given 1:i a nice
livl'!y N<·w York city. Lunn really assortment of high: prices. · ( orne- · vor u with a sona and dan . You
sw·<·t•('dt•d in g-dting ar-rr.sted an·d · hody 's got to pay f~r all this food mrn, ba ck ther -st p up closer !' '
C:<
jni lcd in nnotht•t' Nl'w York wwn they send abroad. )
Now what are they going ·to do · Zrppelin H einie-" What doi ng'~
wh ere Jw in sistPd on speaking on
f'ln·istmas? l\faybe, if. we're good · to.day, ub t"
t lr P strrPf s.
Submarin Semival - " otbio
Lunn believes in ac t ion and is ut. they might send a few ·r egi'm ents
or so of ns over to h elp . the Allies. much . One limir -with 350 women
t~·l y una f'r·aid nlil< e of the sneer· of
t!H· rlir·Pct. r11·tionist and the snarl of (Maybe, they ;night give us a nice and children i all. · now ' it with
you 7"
thP pmP antl simplr political action- war of our own. )
Canitalism is ·such a be·a~tiful
.Zeppelin R ini- " Pretty rot.
ist. \ Vitlr Lnnn wns clerted Stri n.
mctz nnd hnlf a dozen · ot her Social- hlPssing. It makes tl10. whole year ten . . One .jittle coli. ge, on glue fac.
istR. Lnm1 will appoint heads for a n continunl "merry" Ch ristmas.· · . .tory-oh, yes-and a ho pita!Rco r·e of th e most impor-tant offices ·
>'<' ~~
only two thousand in it, though."
in the r ity . H ere again is power in
Spanl<ed. fignrativeiy,· b~r the .
the hands of mrn who know how to Llanp General Assembly, a group · · . 'izzlin g and hot com ·s the war
usc it in .tl1e intet·cst of the workers. . of the youngr r· nnd ·mor e ebulli!"nt n ews from t he " ·front" the e duy .
Her·c is a city wh er e will no longer sPt. was not utterly Prushed- not wonderful skill and tire] ss zeal is
b hc111·d the echo of the r esounding · utterly. Four of tl;e irrepressibles shown by the war correspondent,
wh11 ck of the ptilir•eman s r luh on the gatht>red wlwrc the moonlight flood- "-ho nev!"r : Jeeps and never ahan·
sknll of Henry Dnbb.
world
t'O th t> hroad·front porch: with arms dons his po t. Row. th
ove1· each other 's shoulders. eyes thrilled over its morning po t um
"vVe ' t· all going. to be blown turned upward and with a beautiful and sausage when it read in J,os
11p- we nt·e." So et·ies the powder barbet·shop chord sang : ·
Angeles Tribune under caption
trnst- nlso "Ht>lp !-U. S. A.- the
" Zeppelin Inspection" the follow"Tn Heaven above,
A met·ican people- Help!''
ing ama1.ing it m:
Where all is· love,
There'll be no 'sem bly there!"
Well- wh11t if . tlu)y are?
LONDON, Nov. 17. -Stately butIt would be but a cas of getting
ler to aristocratic master In Lon- ·
don's
west end: "A Zeppelin's
a 'taste of t heir own patent mediIf you think the French Socialpassing hover, sir- If you wish to
ci nes. which they so cleverly com- isis h1we followed the renegad e
blnspect It, sir." The Zep was
pound for their Chri tian Allies to Briand you have been deceived. In
hurriedly '"hlnspected."
do tor theit· ·comrades of Germany. a spe~ch recently made by .
'1'-hen on the turn over page we
Renaudel a Socialist deputy; the find more startlina news that should
'.Phe poot· Mexicans are starving. declaration was openly made that have been headed "Imporlant JI
I know, because the Standard Oil France should annex no part of the True."
thorugh it.s well-lubricated- newspao enemy countcy. This utterance was
PARTS, Nov. 17.-A wound'ed sol·
pers says so. We must send an army met hy cheer from the Socialists
dier fell from a. tramcar at the Qt1al
over tho border nnd stop their riot- and howls of protest from others.
des Tulleries and the whMfs va~Jsed
ing, We 1uu t protect our {the Just w.hat territory the French
over one leg, producing splfnters.
but no blood. He h.ad I'o st bls real
Standard Oil' ) prop rty. We mu t ·hope to annex: would be difficult to
leg In the battle of the Ume.
feed them-{bullets}-but (secretly) imagine inasmuch as the r ed
we mu .t tarve them 'b ack into the breeches have scarcely disfigured
yon will surely g-et your p enny 'g
servility and slavery from which any landscape beyond the borde-rs worth any morn.ing you inve t.
they are now revoJiting.
of their own patrie.
:.
-E. d'O.
THE WESTEBJI COMRADE
~
**
*
* * *
* * *
* * *
�T li e Wes t er n Comrad e
29
Ballots Will Educate
William E. Bohn
JN
the public schools we are
spending · more money on the
education of girls than on that of
bo.vs. One of two things is · true ..
Either the educated female is a
good product partly wasted, or she
is a poor product and our money is
11·asted.
. \ s a rna tter of fact, she is a good
protluct. But she is not as good as
sli f' might be. Give the girls the
·prospect of active participation in
0111' political life and a wide range
of studies will gain n ew meaning
for more than half our pupils.
Tht·.v will learn more without the
rxpenditure of an . additional ·dolla r. And what th ey learn will gain
in Jt traning. Th e girl graduate will
If'>!I ' (' school a fitter person because
~h· · has sren from the start a reason fo r intelli gent citizenship.
* * *
Oily Junior
The continuous, unwarranted assau lts on young Mr. Rock efeller
1J1·ing to mind the brutality of the
puhl ic a few years ago, at the time
of the Tarbell articles. To paraphrase an utterance of that day:
"John D.
Jr. he
Is catching It
From A to Z,
'Till He mus t think,
In this turmoil
That hell is heated
With Standard 011."
Sta'ement of ownership, manag~
ment and circulation, etc., required by
the Act of August 24, 1912, of
THE WESTERN COMRADE,
published monthly at Los Angeles, CO:IIfornia, for October 1, 1915 :
Managing editor, Job Harriman, 923
Higgins building.
Editor, Frank E. Wolfe, 923 Higgins
building.
'Business m'\nager, Frank. E . Wolfe,
923 Higgins building.
Publisher, Job· Harriman, 923 Higgins
building.
Owner,.\ Job Harriman, 923 Higgins
building. \
Known bondholders, mortgagees and
other security holders ' holding one per
.cent or more of total ..amoun ts of bonds,
mortgages, or other securities : None.
JOB HARRIMAN.
Sworn to and su bscribed before me
this 27th day 'or September, 1915.
A. A. JAMES, .
Notary Public In and for the County of
Los Angeles, State of California. ,
· Olfy commission explres July 20, 1916.)
Pictures for Propaganda·
.Shoc)t C~pitalism
"· ·· . . : With·:· a · .
St~~eoptiton
Anyone can lecture- with. t he . aid · of p~ctures; ·they tell the
story, you point out the ~o~al. Pictilres draw a crow:d where
ot her means fail. They make .your work doubly ·effective.
we tell you how to get· the greatest resuits at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete informatio.n .
W. SCOTTLEWIS
Los Angeles, CaJ,ifornia
3493 Eagle Street.
Cut Your Fuel ·Bill .
and Get More Heat
B'y burning air and .oil in your cook stove, he~ter, ran.ge;. boiler
or furnace.
·
Who would think of running an a~tomobile on coal or wood f
Yet hundreds of thousands of people today art? using coal and
wood to cook with.
If the railroads of today should take off their oil-burning
locomotives and r eplace them with the old style soft coal engines,
the ineffiieiency of the old engines would cause a great deal of
dissatisfaction. ·
-\Vhy d'o you contin~e to use the old inefficient methods for
heating and cooking?
Burn Air and Oil
The I. N. L. oil burner forms a gas that burns with an extreme
heat. The cos't of fuel is extremely low, ranging from three cents
per gallon and up.
The installation is· also simple, and the principie of operation
is .understo,.od at sight.
For further particulars and price list of burners address
Llano del Rio Company
Mall Order Department
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
T-erritory open for
l~e
agents
�ao
T h e W e s t e r ~ C o m r a d-e
Knit Underwear
-·
Cheapest Because I.t .-We~!s.·_ Best
Men's · ·
Women's
Union Suits, low neck, kne e length, sizes 32
to 44 . ... . ..... .. ...... . .... ·.~. .. .. . . . ... . . .. $1 .25
Union Suits , ha lf low n eck , elbo·~ sleeves, ankle
length , s izes 32 to 44 .. ... ... .. .. ... . .' . ... .. 1.25
Und e r Vests, s leeveless., sizes 30 to 44 . .... .. .. . .35
Nigh t Robes , sizes 32 to 46 . . . .. .. .. ... . . . .. . .. 1.50
Hose, e xtra wearing, black , sizes 8 to 10th. . . . . .30
Hose, li ght wei!';ht, a ll colors, sizes 8 to 10¥., . . . .50
Undershirts, light wE!ight, cr.eam, sizes 34 to 44 .. $ .75
Undershirts, light' \~eight,. black, s ize s 34 to 44 .. 1.00
Dra wers, li.gh_t we'ight; <;ream,_~i~es 30 to 44... . .75
Drawers~ light we ight , cream, s.izes 30 to 44 .. . . 1.00
Shir ts and- Dra wers,. !louble fieeced , grey, s ize s
30 to 44 .. .... ..... ... .. ........ .. . ... ... ... 1.25
Shirts and : Drawer s." · Egyptian cotton , ecru,
s izes 30 to .44 .. . . .... .· .. ... . . ... .'. . .... . .. . 1.50
Me_n 's Hose
J<::xtra wearing value, black, sizes 9 to 111,.2 . . . . ·. $ .25
Heavy weight, black, sizes 9 to 111,.2, 3 pairs . . ·. · · 1,00
Girls'
Children's
Boys'
Union Suits, sizes 20 to 30 .. . $ .50
gra de,
Union Suits, bette r
s izes 20 to 30 .. . . .. .. .. . . 1.00
Hose, black, tan or white,
s izes 6 to 101,.2 .. , .. .. . .... .25
Taped unions, answering
pu r pose of a waist,
s izes 20 to 28 . . . .. .. .. . $ .65
Same a s above , only bett er grade, sizes 20 to 28 1.05
U nion Suits, sizes' 20 to 32·. •. $ .60
Union Suit !!, better grade,
sizes 20 to ·32 . . . . • . . . . . . . .90
Sportsman's ·hose for boys,
sizes 6 to 1 0~ .... . . . .25 to .40
Pure Wool Goods
Made by Wool Growers' Co-operative Mills
Direct From Sheep's Back to Your Back
Black and Grey Mackinaw Coat, length 25
inches, sizes 36 to . 44 . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. .. $8.00
•
Trousers, Grey and Navy Blue, usual sizes .. . . $4.00
Shirts, Grey arid Navy Blue , usual sizes . . . .. .. 3.00
Blankets
White or grey, 70x82 i n., weight 5 lbs . .. . . ..... $7.85
Grey, ·70x82 in., weight 7.1,.2 lbs .. . .. . . . .... ... . . 9.90
'\Llano del Rio Community
<Mail Order Department)
923 Higgins Bldg.
Los Angeles, Cal.
(Make all .check s or money orders payable to J..,lano del Rio Company)
�..
ELKSKIN
.BOOTS and SHOES.
'
.
'-
Factory opera-t ed: in connection
with LLANO D~L . ·R~f>· C6ioN¥
Men 's 10-inch boots .$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00 ·
Men 's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies ' 12-in. boots.. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men 's Elk work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . . . 4.00
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .. . .. ....... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes,
5lj2 to 8. . . . . . . . . . 2.00
Child 's Elk shoes,
8'12 to 11 .. .. .... , 2.50
Misses' and Youths,
11'12 to 2 ... ...... 3.00
IDEAL FO.O·T W.E AR
For
R~nchers
and · ·outdo·o ·r Men
The famous Cliffor-d-Elkski.n. -~iu>es ~re lightest and .
easiest for solid ~omfort and will outwear th.ree pairs
of ordinary shoes. ·
vV~ cover all lines from ladies;' .men's
and children's button or lace ill light
handsome patterns to . the high boots for
m?untain, hunting, ranching or desert "\_Vear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your .o rders by mail. . Take
•
measurement according to instructions.
Out of tov.'ll shoes made immediately on
receipt of ord~r. Send P. ·o. order and state
.
.
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
PlaCil atoc::klng toot on
SALES DEPARTMEl"'T
~r, dl'•wlng penc::ll
around aa per aboye II·
luatr t lon. Paaa tape
aro.,nd at linea wltho...t dr wing tight. Gl v•
aln u u lly worn.
Llano del Rio Cotnpany~22
Higgins ·Buildi~g, Los Angeles, C~l.
�\
\
'
anted: 100 Men!
Steady ·Employment for Life
--
A
.
FEW months ago th~ advertisement in
The eom;lhunity is extending. it holdings
this sp_a ce called for 1000 inen. Nine of ·land and :wat~f, live stock, farm implehundred have responded. Not all of them -ments· and' ·machinery: It 'grows iri numbers
have arriv:ed at Llano, bu~ there are several and in financial .strengtli: It grows in power
hmidred there and all" the absent members beciiuse·.of sQlidarity and comradeship.
ar e eager to come and !hey are flocking
A c·omp~'te new, .modern sawmill plant
there by tb~ scor~
has been added to
every month. The
the colony prop:
remaining , memerty. This com s
berships are being
. in, as does our
rapidly subscribed
other machinery,
and in a short
free and clear ·of
time they will all
debt. Our greatbe taken. Are you
est task now is to
going to be among
clear · more1 and
the fortunate thoumore land and ·
sand members and
get in crops.
join the several
Only- about 100
thousands of commemberships rerades w h o are
m'ain. The initial
Members of Llano Colony on an Outing
working out the
fee .w ill be raised ·
problem that has _vexed humanity for ages ? to $1000 in a few weeks.. If you want to
Are you not tired of the struggle under the join this great cooperative community you
murderous competitive system 1 Thousands will have to act promptly. Don 't deiay an
are going down every q~.onth under fore- hour. Send us information about yourself
closures and other capitalist methods of and ask for an application blank. · Read t he
expropriation. Are you not ready to join stories about the colony in this magazine.
a group of workers and be one of the Prompt and decisive actio~ at this hour may
pioneers in working out this great problem mean a turning point in your life that
that has confronted humanity throughout lead to happiness and safety during your
the ages.
old age .
will
.. Modern society conducts Its atr.alrs under clrc\)mstances which create
and maintain an ever Increasing burden on all humanity. Ma n sustained
In youth by the Illusion that ability or good fortune will ultimately reward
him with happiness through materia l success. learns sooner or later. that
no peace can be his until the unmoral conditions of commercialism and
Industrial competition are removed."-From the Communit y Constitution.
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
Membership .Departm ent
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, California.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-11
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-11
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n07_191511
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2018-07-24
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n07
Extent
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30 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a49a098a8d235c34de79ca9f0158d178.pdf
19f6ae82a596d984437979b20e04c809
PDF Text
Text
Ten,.
Fanaticism in the
So~chtlist
Party- Job Harriman -
�ELK SKIN
BOOTS and SHOES
,\ •
-
F acto~y ·operated in ·connection
.w ith LLAN·O DEt Rio
'
CoLONY
;
Men's 10-inch boots . $6.00"
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boOts . 8.00
Ladies ' 12-in. boots.. 6.00
Ladies' 15-in. boots.. 7.00
Men 's Elk work shoes 4.00
Men's Elk dress shoes 5.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 4.00
Infants ' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 ... . . ... . ... 1.50
Child 's Elk shoes,
51;2 to 8 ...... .... 2.00
Child's Elk shoes,
8% to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.50
Misses' and Youths,
11% to 2 .. ... .. .. 3.00
IDEAL . FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers· a·nd . Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford ~lkskin Shoes. are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace ·i n light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
r eceipt of order. Senrl P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around ·as per above Illustration. Pass tape
around at linea without drawing tight. Give
size usually worn.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano ·del Rio Com.pany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.·
�~.
I
II
CONTENTS
I
.......
Current Topics.
By F r a nk E . W olfe .. . ... ·: . .. . ,;.'Page
Fanaticism Means -~ilure.
War's Pentecost.
Enemy's Child.
By J oo Harriman .... ·.. .·P'a ge
5
9
By F ra nk H . W are .. . . . ........ Page: HI·
By Charlot t e H olmes. Crawfo'~ d .. . Page 12
Daughters of Joy.
By Rose Sha rla nq . . ..... . ·. .. . . . P age ·14
The Fable of the " Nut "
By A. F . Gannon ., , . . . ·.. Page 14
Industrial -Activity !~ spiring .
By R. K. Will ia m s . . P age 15
Glimpse of the Diverse Activities of ·the Llano ·
Community : ..... :: .. .. .......... : .. .. : ..... Page 16
How We Live at Llano ................. :.' ........ Page 21
Learn Living and Loving. By Pruden ce Stokes.
Br own . . .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .... .. ...... . ...... . P age 22
Success (Poe m ).
B y E rne st Woost e r ..... . ....... Pa·ge. 23
Capitalism's Just ice-1915 .. . . ..... . ...... .. . • . .. P age 24
The Goal in S ight.
Ry .Joh n M. W ork . ... .. . . . . . . Page 26
State and Church .. . ..... . .. . . . . . .. . . ......... ... Page
~9
CARTOO NS
The Czar's Doll .. . .
. . . . . . . ... . . .... . ... F rontis piece
. . ......... ... •. . . . ... . Page
fl
On the GalllpoH Pe ninsula ..... ......... .... . .. .. Page
7
Triumph of Man! . . . .. .... .. . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . Page
8
In His Name ? .. ...
". .
. .
the Artille r y Did Splend id Work" . . .... . Page 10 ·
The Stay -at-Homes .. ........ . ........ . ......... Page l1
Aerial Craft Beware! . . , . .. .. . . .. . ... ... . ....... . . Page 28
'~~_)
�The .Czar's Doll
"Oh, Dodd! Oh. Dodd! How my donie has changed!"
�'
THE WESTERN COMRADE
-------------------------------Political Action
VOL. III
Devoted
to the Cauae of the Workera
Co· operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL.,
OCTO~ER.
Direct
Actl~n-
NUMBER 6
1915
>- .
The Communit~ Dairy Herd Is !"astured on Alfa lfa Fields Amid Ide al Surroundings
CURRENT TOPICS
By' Frank E. Wolfe
F
•
A1 LURE to embroil the United States in wa1· enoug h to lmow they can achieve it only by indirecll'ith Germa ny over th e s inking of ships bearing tion.
'fhe statement t hat the money does not ·]eave the
AlllPriea n tt·easure and cit izens has brought British
<·apitlliism to its sense . A more insidious and more eountry is disingen!lous. 'l'he gold C"ertainly leaves
!'ff,•din' way has been discovered. \ Var loans will t he ha11ks whc1·e the wot·king class has deposited out
do the t1·iek. One-half billion dollars was but half a of tliei 1· meager earnings. 'l'h e fact t hat these savhit•·
the chel'l'y._ More and more billions will fol- ings fi nd their way to the ·p ockets of the steel kings
hm·. .:\otl1ing short of a run on every American bank and munition makers will. prove of small consolation
eau stop war· loans. No one dare advocate these to t he small depositor when he .sees the sign hung on
ruus and deposito1·s seem too stupid and too indif- the bart·ed door of the bank that has failed. The inrliffei·enC"e of the sodden and. muddy-brained masses
t'('l'Pn1 to under tand their dan"er.
.\ run on Am rican banks would bankrupt the . 1loes not mean that there is not great latent potenf·Ouu11',\' and eli close the universal insolvency. Under tiality to stampede. Indeed, it is. the most stupid
1hP IIPW conspiracy of Bt·iti h-American capitalism 1·attle that wildly burst through all barriers.
In America we have long W!-'Ought fo r revolt and .
thP <"Ountry ·will be dt·ained by a uccession of these
loan.-. Th n they win · want men! We must be in- when. the flame bursts forth in Europe lVho shall say
Yoh·ed in the war and ~be masters· are shrewd it will not spread here?
ar
�The West-ern Comrad e
6
u
\'I>EH a r·t·t·on. tnwt,ion 011 a sanel' basis .Am ri- su~·viv th e struggle-and say, " Didn 't I tell you it
ow you see, Himry, it 's.h er e .. , .
t·ans will ht• for·t·Pd to throw off the yol<e,_9f was coming?
. + + +
. .
t·apitalism and !'all in lint• with th e great advan ce
step of l ' nit t•d Europt·.
ij,ACTI ).T.JL\' all Europe is. now involved in th e
For tit(• !I'll thou~arulth time w e will say the only ·
· world 's· p,e rrtec'o st of war. Only· th e r emot rness,
thi11g that •·an prc·vPnt a bloody l'e volution in Ame'ri- 'Or ratfier tile fa~t that t he S candina\'ian countri<·s ar·e
n_ot in' th' pathway of the d estroyer·s, has thus far
saved them . . ·• Spain and Portugal are not y et invol~ed, but .both countries are only smouldering over ·
volcanoes· of t evolt that will hurst forth whe n th e
lrom: strikes.
Th e uphe~v~l in ~-urope will .lcHe no thr·on e, no
royal!.y, -n o nobility an!) no shred of capitalism . . The
r·evoft \vilf con'te at an hour· when resisten ce will be
swept a s ide. Trained, season ed murder ers on both
sides · of the l'Or)tf'st may Plaim 1·ietims by t·ountless
thous:mds; .hut the struggJ e will he short and the r et·onstructi\' e spirit wil l amaze .the world u· ith it
speed :md neeomplishment.
-
P
B
+ + +
OJLlNG and seetl\ing ben ea th th e ·urfacc tl~t'
r·evolt in Russia is tal<ing form from day to day.
DPspit~ rigitl cens~rship ·news leaks out r'ro·~ :\Ioscow
lN
lll 8
NAl\lE ?
"Onwal'd, Chl'is lian Soldie rs."
- ~ y dn e y
Bull f' tin
c·a will he that a peac(•J'ul l'l'vol ution (•omes s\\·iftly
through a g r eat pol itiea I, c•<·onomic aud industrial r eo~ganization.
If t he sorll'l:cs of lift• he uot quick ly takep from
thP hands of the exploit ers, th en ~thing can preVt'llt 1'1rL' t·at<wlysm he t·e. Hrfo rmcrf and r evampe rs
mny \l'l'll piHrdt' l' tht'SL' l"a<·ts.
~onrP dny the Social ist will meet his fol'm e t' eapitnli~tit"- hnul'gco isc- minde<l rwighhor- if they
both
showing thnt tiH' -1'1'\'0lntion is br•pr ding t h e r•e. ·
On Rt•ptPmht•r 27 barTitadl's \I'PI'r hnilt in . th e
str·t•t'ts a!lll tht• . · tudt•nt~ from tht· uni n •rsity ](·d · the
lmttlcs. Eight hig h offic ials and t 11·ent y : fin: police
off'ierr·s \l'll'e kii'!Pd , whill· thr·p<• stmh•nts \I' C' !'f' kill ed
and a dozen woundPd. Tlw hotly o·r onr stndrnt lfl y
;dl nig-ht in thl' str·PI't.
A g-r'Pilt tlt·monstratiol"' tool< pla t·t• at tlrr fuupr·al
or tht• !lead l'l'\'Oiutionist~, and til<' uni1:e rsity mflr
hPld the police hal'k r 1·erywhPrl'. In P etrogra(l. Rostol·, Khar·lwv aud Odessa spr·ious riots and disorde r
ai'L' r·eportrd though th e N'nsor·s han• soug-ht to suppress tht' n ews.
'l'hPse fights an• th e fo r·t•runm'r' or thosl' certain to
S\Yl't'p n1·rr Hnssia a littl e late r . . ln the eoming r evolt (• l· <~r·y <·ountr·y in Elll'opr \,·ill he im·oln~d , hut
ea('h onr will h<tYe its owri r e1·olntion and they will
probably onl,v t·olll·ergr wh r r·e lar·ge eitir.· are n ~ar
hor<lt• r· liiH•s.
Xational boundaries will then (lisapp N tl' and the folk uphPa\·al will tak r o n a st ronger
intt·rnational aspt•l't than hns eYPt' ht•r.n d t'Pilll1f'd h,v
,.,·pn tht• most arclt•nt th eor·ists.
�T h e W e s t e r·n C o m r a d e
T
,
lf E Em·opean \\' ar is about half over.
7
C
A.uother
ANADA ha r vived her ltymn of hate and gone
mny se<> its end. The "·ar debt will grow
as fierc ly into the Gott strafing business as
in g-r•:iiiPr' ratio l'al'h month the struagle contina-es. any Briti h-loathi:fig Get·man junk~r.
Tht· "·ar has gonP so far that P\'Cry war bond will
The ccopd v ,rse of the ational anthem, once
ht· r·t•ptHliah•<l. Thl' struggling worker'S -of Europe . strif!kim out, ha ·b.een authoriz d by the Angelican
"·•·n· aln·ad~· hParing a burden far beyond their ~n Bi hoJ?. at. t'b genera]. synod. The proclamation of
dur:IIJt·<·. The~· <·annot pay th<> debt or even the tlte' saintly · gent . tat~ t~wt in· the 'tim.e of' war and
int•·r··st on · tht• tlt•ht. Tlw wealth producers lie in tum.u lt the ve1·se 'may be sung with p erfect propriE>ty. ··AU ·.ri'gllt h r e goes:
.'' <'ill'
o· Lord, our God, arise!
Seatter his ' armies,
:And . make .them fall.
Confound . their politi.cs,
· frustrate their knavish tricks,
011 'l.'hee our hopes we fix.
· .God save· us all.
Asitle from the· banality, ~ mdity, and th.e fact that
it is quaint to the point of grotesqueness, this seems
fair enough . . ln fact, viewi~g the submarines and
th e Zeppeli.ns, we would stand for even stronger
dope than· merely confounding politics or beshrew.ing the Kaiset· for his Jmavish tricks.
Jf m<>n of Gocl can stand in th e pulpit and implore
.Jehova to d cstt·oy the armies of' their enemy, why
may not the congre-gation arise and sing1 or even
stand on chairs as did the Bishops, and roar out the
words of this stodgy .apth.em 1 Anyway, we like tlfe
omnihus ending, "God save us all."
But. of <·ourse, that means only· u·s .Br·itains" ~a,· p us '?For what1
+ + +
S
0:"\ 'I'll E r:.\LLLPOLI
"Did you .,,·er
se~
l'ENl~~(' J "\
sue!; a nut?"
- l'le \·cta nrl l'la in J>toalcr
tfJt· muddy tl't·rH·h t•s or· han g in ghustly festoo ns on
th•· harht>d-wir·p Pntanglcments. Repudiation is inl'\'it;d.J e unrl in th e cr·ash ·will come the r·e\rolntion
that "·ill I'('JHtdinte all debts and destroy all paper
upon whi <,.h i~ \\Titten the enslavement of one by
anotht•r.
O< ' IAT;lSTS who haY~ long known of the 'frightful maladjustment under· capitalism may well
dra\\' llllH·h amusement from the antics of the
honrgPoise under th e pro<·t·ss of' expropriation now
so appar'PIIt c\·e r~· wherP. The f':H·t is that 96 .per
(•(•nt nr t hP A nwri.<:HII JH•oplt' ill'(' dl'spcrately poor
-and that tlw remaining fo m· per· cent control all the
,·ast \\'Palth of the nation.
In Los Angel es where t he pinch comes the most
SP\· l're on the tnidtll
class, it is amusing to watch
the squi rm and to hea r the squawk of the erstwhile
proud possessor of sund ry parcels of real estatev;u·ant Jots or small houses for rent. Upper Spring.
str<>et is a gravryard a11d Yivid signs are there show-
�The Western Comrade
8
-.
~ng
the wreckage left by ·small merchants who have
gone under.
>- .
Few storekeepers are paying rent, and the "help"
is frequently on half pay. Big d~partment stores
are giving " paper " .for their advertising bills aiJ.d
thousands of disemployed flock the streets. HundrPds of holnes are broken up and seveial families
are found in one house. The seasonal ~orkers are
tlo<·king into the cities, hut they have not their oldtill•<· gmb stake.
On th<· hi ghwHys tlH• blanket stiff is joined by a
n,.,,. spP<·i<•s. This is' not the old-timer with a bindle
TRIUMPH OF l\IAN!
The Monk :
"Yes, Darwin was right! "
--Milwa ukee Leader
st il'k, but tlw disemployed city workm:-clerks,
su)psmt•n, lJOokJ,eeprrs and ot.het· soft-handed capitalist-minded pllHJWrs. On theit· faces one sees the
fi~st flush of eagt>mess of the adventure. Later
these fal'es will he IPss plrasant to look upon. The
youths are teaming a h•sson from the old timers
and stJ·ange S<'Pnes a1·e enacted after. the mulligan
is downed and the groups are gathered around
flickering camp fires. These things are of California,
but· the tragedy ·of it is of every state._ There is a
terrific under current of thought in . the world today.
There will either be a swift, peaceful overturning of
the e·conomf~ an!l :industrial world or there will · be
&; tremendep.s · re'v,olution. . These statements have
bee~ made a thousi!Jld :times, but the. hour is almost
here,. The crash is imp·en'ding-but the masters, the
96, are .deaf abd blind. Will they wait too long ?
+'
+
+
J
-OUN SPARGO contributed much to the interest
in_ the great· Labot· Day confet·ence in New
York. . In speaking of the need for understanding
and steadfastness, he declared that the ideal of Socialism . was to establi,s h a great industriJil democracy, where equality of opportunity pertained. He
helieved .that _society. ·was no\v making tremendous
strides toward ·collective owner.ship and that the
war was hastening these strides. Capitalism "·as
1nore and more leaving such great projects as the
construction of the Panama Canal, the development
of hygiene, etc., to the collectivity. He asserted,
however, that that sort. of collectivism was not Socialism ; that Socialists desire a collectivism .shot
through and through with the· passion of democracy.
" Out of the hell of :Mars, out of the bloody mist
of war will come the Socialist Movement chastened,
less arrogant, less dogmatic than before, disciplined
and awakened. It must face many practical problems, and T hope that it will have the courage not
to tcmp01·ize.''
+ + +
of Kier Hardie,_Socialism loses one
I Nof Itsdeath
greatest figures. E1ghteen months has
~h_e
sern the taking _away of some of the greatest figures
in th e world 's mo,·ement: Be bel, Jaures, DeLeon,
iiardie-leaders of radical thought of four countries. Hardie 's loss at this time is a great blow to
the radical movement. In the hour of the approaching world-wid~ · upheaval, such men as these will
be sorely missed. To the British Socialist the death
of Kier Hardie comes as a personal bereavement ..
ln th e Socialist l\fovement at large, there is a keen
sense of an irreparable loss.
�o.mr ad e
Fanaticism Means Failure
T·h e Western C
.g
By JOB HARRIMAN
W
HAT is the trouble with the Socialist Party
mt·mhership ?
.
\\'hy · are t!Jere fewer members by one half today
than ia 1912 ?
Is thet·c a shortage of propaganda material? No,
the fie lds an• whitt• with hanest.
An• \\·e not in the midst of a world wad
ls not this fiendi.sh struggle the ripe fmit of Capita !ism ·: Are Hot the best men of the worlrl being murdered in cold bloou, by the powers, only for cornmt·rr·ial suprPma<:y 'I l s Hot the commissary of the
,,·orld being impoYct·isheu ? ] s not starvation gripping thr· Yitals of all Eu rope today 7
.\ sltort agp i11 Propaganda matct·ial! l-Iavt:. we not
;1 pani•· in out· own t·ount t·y! Has nature not blt>sst•u
us 11·itl1 the l;n·gest crops iu the history of our nation.
Is Hot the pri~:c of wheat low and the price of flour
high! llan· \\'C not millions of idle men willing and
anxious to \\·ork ? Arc their' farms and homes not
!!Ood s•···urit.1· for money if th ey could borrow ? Are
t ht·y not told by the money powers that there is no
monr·y to lt•nd ? ,\rc not the same baul<et·s no11· lending
$;)00.000.000 to the .\!lies for war purposes while they
fon:r·losl' the mortgages on the farms and homes of
011r r·ountry because there is no money to led?
A shortage in Propaganda material ?
Are we not now in the act of entering into a war
with : \lexica ?
ls our action not being forced by the land, mine
and oil field proprietors of that country? Has not the
Commission on Industrial Rehitions uncovered an int l' l'llH I condition that is shaking our institutions to
t hrir Y('ry foundations ? Are -ive not shipping millions
of tons of food .to feed the European war while our
<·hildren starw at home?. ·w ould it not be wiser to
stane the war and feed our children ?
Surely our membership in the Socialist Party is
not in a state of lethargy because there is no new propaganda material. Then what is the trouble 1
- The t~ouble is with our methods.
W e are not practical. We are doctrinaries. We
nre traYeling the road of the old S. L. P. We are making a fetish of our movement, a r eligion of our theories.
We m·e Puritans. ·we are "absolutely right." "All
others are wrong." We are the guardians of a "sarred" organization. We are weeding out the heretics.
Only those who are "clear" may remain. We are
sincPr e, honest and devoted. We are suspicious of
others. "Those who are not with us are against us,"
are wrong- arr dangerous. We are developing a fana-
ticism that will be our downfall unless our course is
chang-ed .
.,_ .We believe we are right, but that does not makE_l
us right nor does ·it say we are wrong. . It only says
we believe,
·. ·
,
.
Believing a trut.h · ~hl1t we do not practice is as
dnnge't{)us· to the· mind a·s believi.rig a. falsehood that we
cannot practice. Belief alone l~ads to fanaticism. Aostract prmciphis mq t be tested and sustained by practical, concrete exper~ences. , These experiences are the
ballast; without th~m the mind will flounder and sink.
Truth arid honesty alone will ·not sustain the mind .
.\I ental, like bodily development, depends on action.
Honest ? Of co~rse our p_eople are honest, but that
will not save them. Every fanatic is honest. If he
Were UOt horiest he could nQt be fanatic. An .honest
profound conviction is t he essentia:l element of fanaticism. Couple .tb:,tt . conviction with sufficient experience to convert the energy to some p.r actical purpose
and your fanatic will be r esolved· into a man of judgment imd power.
While our move.m ent was small, practical operations were impossible, and hence fanatics developed,
hut now that the movement is powerful it will demand
practical men and practical operations or it wiiJ. dissolYe and r eorganize in some practical form.
Nor must we deceiYe our·selvcs and insist that our
course is right because we are happy in our·belief. All
people are happy in their helicf else· they could not
believe. When one becomes unhappy in his belief his
helief r hanges. After all belief is a sor t of rest~ng
place for the mind. Stimulate ~ t and it becomes a conviction, put it to some practical purpose and it becomes
a social passion, rob it of pncticability and it leads
to fanaticism.
Mob psychology is made up of the psychology of
its members and will he sobet·, well poised and determined if its work deals largely with practical affairs, but it will tend to fanaticism if it spends its
energy in propaganda alone.
I submit that the- Socialist party spends the vast
majority of its effort in propaganda and for this rea- .
son is moving toward fanaticism, as did the S. L. P .'
It will change its course. It will become more active
i.n the labor movement and in co-operative _enterprises
or it will dissolve. Capitalism will be overthrown by .
an organization that can deliver more comforts to the
people than Capitalism can deliver, or it will not be
overthrown at all, talk, teach, preach, -and argue as
we may.
a
�The Western Comrade
]I)
War's Pentecost
By FRANK H. WARE
A:-.IY thousands rrom the districts devastated by the cataclysm of war make their way to America. MOl!lt of them
have stories to tell. All disavow ability or intent to write them: This Is one of the tales of an American 'who
lived through Home of t.he most momentous days at tbe front dtrr.ing the recent flghting)n the Cbampagne . dletFlct.
M
~=="'!'!'",..._ :\
tl••· sll'i1·l of tl~< · l'lll'tex 1 found myself
their gran's or· niaimt:;d: and distigured-the latter a
m~naec; tC? society for th e remaiuder of thcit· day·.
hesid
t· a strd<·her
o11 whieh lliswhit<·-fa<:e<L
ho.1· b1.v
staring upward.
.lips were Jn hut little more than a }'l'lil: t\l·,·h·e 'million.· had hceu
lllol' illl!. hut no sound <·am1· f1·om them. l<illed and .. wounded.
In t It•· i!l·imt· and filth of woonds and
I wandered o1·er to ·when· onP of the wound Pd was
war l1is ltllif'oi'IJI was- indistiriguisltabl e. sittiug in a wheel ehair·. Ills. f'a<·t• was pallid, hut the
\\' o· n · tit•· lips forming the wonls "l'nsl't dPep fUl'l'OUghs that Ullttl it 31J(J the t!J·ooping eyelid.·
\':ll• ·r , .. ":\otn· !'Pre" or "Our Fatlter' '7 that WOUld . close for· lll(HilClltS at a time ])(•spoke o[ Hll
tilt · stn·to·lll'r :1nd 1\'t' 'rolloll'<'d t Itt· ~.rhastly pro- i11tense suffcriug. I noti<:ctl al~o that his ri!!ht ann
•·•·ssion i11to till' dark. low, nwlt -lil;" ·· hospital' ' ward. had bee n arilputa.t<·d ahol'c t11e elhuw.
Tilt· sig-ht or 1\'0IItldt·d :ttld d,ving lllt'n ,:aiiSI'd a
" You must han· b('~> n in a prPtt~· toul-!h l•atllP ? ..
quPri('d so as to· O(H',n a t<Jnl't'I'Sation.
'Ill•·•·•· s•· lls:llioll to pass ol·l' r 1111 ·. .\ sl'nsation that was
li e lllPI'l'ly IIOtlded his .IH•ad in ass<•nt. J waited a
h:df' pit .1· 1111d lo:dr ltntn·<l. l'it~· for thos•· in pai~: .
f'l'\1' TllOtnt' lltS for'nim ·to say SOmt>thilll-( and finally ht•
lo:lln·d J'or tl1oS1' who <·111lst·d it. But with tl11• towns.
JII'OJIII· tlu· si~.rltt of' it11nd1·t·ds of woundPd arri1·ing raisPd tht• stump, M hi~ rig-ht a1·1n so as to flaunt tht·
I'I'''I'.V holll' lt<1d st•·t·lo·<l tltl'ir· hearts to th r suff<·r·ini!, t·mpty slec1·e in thP air and said: '' 'I'IH'y'l'<' all t<nl~h ."
' ' If' you don't mind. I 'll
lon~.r n~.ro.
On t !Jc• o·ols
tPII you ahout tho· ln1ttl<'
l:1y 111:111,1' who had lost
. 1 wns shot in,. , l11· ;ii]d('d.
a r111 or lt •g-. Otill'rs, who
I had o·Otlll! a long way
lo:1d J .. ·~ · n hlindt•d h,v hand
to St'l' t·Jtis ltospit;ll and I
1-!l'o·nado·s in <·lose trench
alrtii·ipntPd hearing mHn.v
lil-!ht in g . ll't>n• hPing !eel
l'l'I'OUnts of' hatt]o•s. SO ]
:trOlllld hy nur·srs and dortold him to) 1-{0 alto·a d .
tol's. But what surprised
"It wns i11 thf' Cham 111" most was th(' great'
pni:.rn distri..t, " ho• started
uumlll'l' ol' grry-hai1·ed
m<'n , mrn past ruiddle 11gt>,
out,. "a nd o u1· battalion
\\·as joinl'<l b.v titl'<•f' oth among th<• wounded. I
···rs. \\'p had ord<·rs to
ex pP<'t r~<l to fincl for the
most ]lH rt younl-( lllPJ1- t Jtp
<·Ita 1'1-!''
t It r
Pllf'lll.l' ·s
trPnt·ht•s 011 tit<· following
llo\1·<'1' of t hP nation, as
tht·.v II'PI'(' I'Rllrd- hut it
day.
Our· artill<•l',l' ha cl
dotH' splt'IHJ id ll'ork tl11•
WHS
tiH• I'PI'rr·sp that
g'l'l't' { P(l In<'.
da.1· ho•f'ol'o• a nd our ma <·hinP ~runs had rakrd
Why is \t Y'' T asl\ed a
·doll'lt lm tl<ln' <ls
SUI'!!C'Oll . lfp tiii'IH' <] 1111!'1
w:tll\f'tl
nwn.1·
without
"TI11• ,];,~·of tilt· ..!Htl'l!"
H ll:o;\\'PJ•in~
hrok r \\·;n·m a 111! sunny.
"Why is it ?" I r~c;l;cd
l ' nclrr I'OYrr· of tho ·i1· 0\1' 11
J?lliiS th<• l'tH·m~· wrrr
of 11 11111'""· Shr lnokP<l
at Ill(' fm· ',1 lllOilll'llt. thPH
tn PtHlin!! tlu•i r 1,1irbl'clIOWI'I'<l hl't' hP:Hl an<l
ll'il·t· ··ntalll-d<'m<·nts. All
lllOI'nillg' \\'P k Ppt 11p :1 .
rmssPd on.
dt•sult or_,. fir~ and it was
It was IH•o·nusP I hC'
. · thP artillery did splendid work."
n<'at ·l ~· noon h1·forr
th e
flo\l't't' of t hP nation
or·tlt•l' •·:11no• for thl' 1·lrargP.
II'Pl'f' 110\1' PilhPt' rott in~ in
li.t''fcJ~
·r•
IJ1. .
a
�u·
The Western Comrade
When it came we poured
arm had been sla bed to
o\·er our trenches and
the bone in everal plac~ ,
started for them. In a
The cuts all · over my
momeut, machine guns
body began to burn. Then
were raking us down by
I swoonPd.
hundreds, hut we were
''In the hospital the
thousands. Then 1 seemed
doctors told me gangrene
to go Jllad. .:\ly .-omr·ades
had set in ·and that they
were mad. Om· hoar·sc
would have to amputate.
t·l'il'S edlO!'U abo,.,, \IS .in
At first I refused to sub. mit. I )Vanted that a~m
th•· ~wr·•·arning shrapnt>l.
··The first trench was
and had to have it. Without it I couid not earn a
fillt•J \\'ith ueau and uyrug. Some of the enemy
living for the stay-at~
homes-my wife and chi).
,,·ere 1l•·•·iug. Other·s met
·dren. I fought them off
us in dt·spcration. Tlw
time and again, but finally
ro·st st ()flU stupified w,ith
when the pain got so in- .
t't·Hr.
BayorH'tS jabbetl
tense I submitted to tlw
Hlld thrust. t'H..lr Oil!' tlripoperation.
r·t·d.
Blood
was
pill go
"I now wear H metal
l'\'!'1',\' \\'lit•)'l'
c·r'oss. For· it 1 show an
"l r•·tn•·~r·. stumbling
empty sleeve. But in that
Hlld rHlli ll~ ft(')'OSS the
.hattlr npar·ly thirty thoui>odio·s nf' S!'\'t•ral of' tlw
sand now wear n wooden
•·n••my . On rising T ll"
cross.''
t i····d t IJt· HIt iru'do•s or SO Ill!'
For a moment neither·
or tho• do•Hd. :\!any ~\'t•t'P
one
UR spoke. Finally
in su,.IJ lirP-likt> poses.
The Stay-at-Homes
__________________
-_B.::.y_J_._G:_a_b_r_re_r•..::...
e , I broke the silence by
Ont• nHrll lookPd as if he
asking:
"WhPn . will
\Yas .iust lying down restilll!: Iris '',l't•s Wt>r·e widP op!'n and a faiut smih• .played thrse Caesers stop fif.{hting Y" lit> loohd at me sharply
af•r·oss his fat•e. Anoth t;>r OI1C' was leaning against the for a mom~>nt he fore he Hnswt>l't'd: '~ Whl'll the fight.
sidt• or th·· tt't'llt'h . .onp hand raised to his hip . \\'hilc ers stop th(• Caesers. ''
" \Yhen the fightt•rs stop t ht• Caest'l'S ?'' l queried.
anothPt' still graspPd the handles of -a mal'lri11e gun,
Looking around eaut.iously hefore replying hP
his 1',\' ('S JlPPring through the sights, his hody tPlrse and
rigid . BPhind us. \'aught in the t•11emy 's harhPd wirt>, leaned toward me and sai~ in a low voiee: "Yes. 'l'he
\\'Pt'e man,v of our own 1•omnrdrs. thf>ir mouths widr time is near at hand wiH'n the m11stPrs will have had
oprn, tlwir t>yt's star·ing at us, yet they were 1111 dead. enough . ThC>y will try to call their men off the hattiefields to operate again the mills, mines, factorips and
\\'t>, who lil't', C>nl·~· t,host> who die.
"lt took hut !l gl!lneP to take this in and nftf>r r·un- farms. But the soldier of today is fast awakening.
ning- on for· tPI1 yards or so l was in thl' thi(·k of This war is tca(•hing him a lesson. Whisperings in the
it ag-ain. I was mad again nncl 1 slnshed and stahhed trenehes with his comrades dur·ing lulls in the fighting
at this man aiHl that; tnnnpling OI'Pr the fallt>n, rom- finds him eng(•r to learu more. 1 le sC>es why he is
fighting.
ratlt~ or· I'IH·m.v . 'l'hPn •·arne inky blackness.
"Try him out uow with some• of the patriotic talk
'' \\'lro·n I ;nYokP tht• stars \\'PI'!' slriuing ancl dead
that
rons~>d him to such fer·\'or whrn the master class ·
"'"''" lyinl! all m·ountl llll'. ] tr·it•d to r·aise myself to
was
urging
tht• workC>rs to enlist!" The wounded man
look ur·ound. hut ,.,·pr·_l'lhing swam hefor'<' my C>~• es and
I sank ha('k again. 'l'hP hloocl on m,v hands and faro laughed a ghastly ('huekle that at first seemC>cl natural
hatl tll'il'd antl fl'lt itehy. )Jy lwnd was hul'llinJ! an<l hut C>lldPd in a horTihle grimaC>e of pain. Then he ront i IHH'd :
my hands antl fpt't fp)t lllrtnh and <•o\d.
" .\ t first tlrt' propagandists wer·e fpw in mnnhers
''Tt \\'lis qnitr some time lwfore ] tri~>d to move
and
wlw11 the~· \\'PrE' raught it WPnt harcl with ·tht•m.
ag-1rin. hut whPn I did a sharp pain on my riJ!ht arm
:\'ow" 1 think his t'Yt'S twinkled as ht• said this," DOW
madP lllP stop s1uldt>nly. \\"ith my left hand I rPaC>hed
it
i<;
diffPr<'nt
!"
on•r· 11nd slow]~· f1•lt uparul clown to find thP hmt. 'rh'<'
0
of
�12
The Western Comrade
Enemy's Child .
By CHA R L O TT·E HOLM E S C R AWF ORD i n The F o rum
r.L:J~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\
AlS, ::\ladame, do n.ot let them write it.
1\ly mother laid him in my arms when he wa but
down "de pere inconnu.'' "Fat.ller un- an hour old•. "V'la ton affai_re,":·she said..
known" .is mother dishonored. Say
Ah,.Mada:me, to have a little brother to care for, it
~
rather "enemy's child."
. is almost bett!Jr than to have a son. It was on!~~- yesHow, ::\[adame? If I am willing for t~rday thai ·1 taught ~im to walk. Yesterday-a thou.
"
.
.
.
.
.
le Gouvernement to take this Thing ' sand years~it is. the same.
when it comes? What should I do with ..
They came to ~~r village as to the others. They
it, this Enemy's Brat 1 It js not mine. . took M.'sieu le Maire, and said they would kill him
A woman bears her children a soq homme·a elle. This if anyone. in the' village did not instantly obey. ·
child is not mine.
We were frightened. Had we not seen the poor
Oui , i.Iadame, last night they brought me here on ' people'? Oh, les. pau~, gens! Had we not heard the
the road of iron \1·ith the wounded. I worked in the · cries and the shooting in the dark ? For eYery shot,
fi<'lds, J hl'lped with the sick and buried the dead until .a .life, We were still.
·
my time was drawing near.
We kep~ in our house. The hours went hy until
A little while more aud I shall bring forth a mon- we thought we should go mad with the tramping.
ster, half Freuch and half Enemy. 'fwQ heads it will Was the w'Mle, world come to France ? At last, Char~-?t
have and two hearts, for never those two can make ran· out: . My ·father shouted to him, _but he leaped
through _the door and was ·g one.
one.
(~ucl age, ::\ladame ? Ten months ago I was niQe"An instant, to see," he called back.
tccD- JJinetcen, and betrothed to Mathieu. Now I
He did. not come and he· did not come. All tht·ee,
am olu, old and )[athicu- do you see this, here on the we went to find him.
t·onl around my neck ' That is what they gave . me ·
And then,wiH'n J wC'nt for ne11·s of Mathieu. A great basketful
"Melie! Melie!"
of them and another and another. A harvest from
It was Charlot 's voice, calling me. · I sa11· him
the :l\'Iarme. They seri1·ehcd in one and gave me this, running toward me,· and- he had no hands. Charlot
:\T athicu 's numbe1·. l\f athieu, un numero! ·. Voila tout! had no hands.
The river has taken him away.
At last we stopped thC' bleeding. ·Then They came,
Oui, 1\Iadame, notre village. 1t has no need now demanding to eat. · One stood by the bed where
to hC'- how do they say ?-deleted hy ~[ 'sieu le Charlot was lying.
"If the Prussians had done this in 1870," he said
( 'ensC'ur. Shall a heap of ruhbish bear a name 1 There
is uothiug more. Only ashes and debris and stupid, in French, "there w·ould not he so many sacre Frenchgaping walls. All, all gone. And o.f 1\[athieu,- rien men left to fight now. "
que ca.
They went through our hours. They found· the
gun. old and rusty, \rhich mon grandpere had eanied
Que voulez-vous? It is for France.
Dost thou hear that, thou Enemy's Bt·atY
m 1870. We ·had hidden it, but they found it.
The church-ah, 1\Iadame, you should see. The
One said, looking at Charlot:
Holy Virgin in her niche was untouched. They say she
''At least, thou wilt not usc it, thou.''
hid IH•1· facie when thC' first shell struck She was
And Charlot-11h, Madame-he was but a ·hild.
good to oiu· YillagC'. For so many years the crops and we had spoiled him- lool\ed at his bloody bandage
Wl'l't' good .
This year even- but this crop was and smiled.
not in.
'' 1\[a. foi, M 'sieu l'Ennemi, I can learn to shoot
Com bien. 1\Iadamc? l\Iy fatber, my mother, I and with the feet."
Charlot. There were two between, but le bon Dieu
Madame, they took him out. They held us bound
to watch. They stood him up ·against the house-so
was kind to them. They died before..
Charlot wa twelve, Madame. He was a good little, ah, he looked so little standing there.
boy. M 'sieu le Cure said he was a good boy. But Once he cried out: . "Melie!" Shall I ever forget ?
hold, Madame. We spoiled him, we others. We Melie: It was like when he ~liS tout petit and afraid
thought there was no boy like Charlot.
in the dark. Then he sobbed:
Charlot! Charlot!
"("{lf;t pour Ia patrie."
�13
Tke WesteT-n. CtHIU'a.de
Yes, ~Jiadame. They sho't filiu.
Charlot! Charlot!
The next day-was itf-1 do not know. The days
all ran together after that. Someone had fired, they
said, fired a. shot ~or France. They overrim the vii.
Jage, shooting, burning, and-_Ah, Ilion pere!
When they seized me, be hurled a stone.
That time, they used the bayonet.
I did not know any more for a long time. The
1-!'ood sisters found me an(l kept me in the cellar of the
•·onYent till I was well again.
Then first of all I thought of my mother.
I went back to the village,-non, Madame, I will be
kind. You shall not hear. Such things are not to
hea r. ~loi, j 'ai vu. I found my mbther. With a
little stick, she was goking in the ashes where our
home had been. She did not know me.
Day by day, I brought her food, the little that I
,.ould find. Then, one day, the wall-there was one
left standing-fell down and crushed her. I pulled
away the stones from her, but she was dead: I set a
~tone at her head and another at her feet. They came
l'rom our fireplace. My little crucifix I laid upon her
l>t·east and 1 made the sign of the cross over her and
said my pruyer·s. 1 pray the Savior will forgive her
till' last sacrament. If ·not, Seigneur, I swear, those
la~t days, 1 would take for them a thousand years of
purgatory. ,Jesus, let them pass her hers.
-
•
•
•
•
Ah, :\ladame, when I found that I had conceived!
I ran to the Holy Mother where she stood unharmed in her nich,e. I knelt down among the stones
and broken glass. Before I had never seen her so
,.J,•arly. .-\hrnys in the dim light of candles
and the eolor·t>d windows.
ow she was all light,
~unlight.
:\Iadame, I prayed to her to let me do the forbidden
thing. I t<lld her all why, so many reasons why.
"A ign, give me a sign, Holy One," I prayed,
A long time, I waited. The clouds were passing,
one by one, away from the sun. It was one clear day
in the long wet. 'ometime
he was in shadow,
~omHimt'. bright.
At Ia t, I wear it, be shook
ht>r· head
"It i for France," 1 cried, and w~ited again.
There wa no an wer, though I waited long. But
slw had haken her head. The Holy )!other bad
~hnken her head.
The Medical tA>rp found me wandering and starving.
'''Thou nt strong. Thou eanst help. "
ometimes I ~relped with the
o I did, J\Iad'atne..
wounded, ometlmre I buried
dead.
the
Al'way among the: etltm!f dead and wQ.lulde.d, I
kept looking, to:r ·I thought:
"If l find him, the: r&'\'is &l', m yhet tl1e;w ill Ml
need to \\"rite it. down 'de pe,re ineQIUlu.• "
But I did not kno.w him. Madam • Row ould It
There was not only- one.
I said to the Hate-.Thin.g withi!D. me:~
''When I look on him, leap Thou~ that 1 may
know.''
One day~ ~ ~· Them slidu;g by in th6 di tauce,
except- for 'tlteir' moving, like a piece of the pltl<in be.
hind Them. Only her ~d t.her the un ou their
helnfets.. ·
Then a . 'red hat~ prang up between me and
Them. I sp~t toward Them. 'I h y march d like
one creature. ·They wer · on cr ature-:-one Devil,
the Enemy.
And the Ilate-Thmg within me gave a. great leapt·
Theil I knew it was not the child of one, but of &llEnemy's Child. ·
.
·
·
And I made·up a ong of rejoicing over th ir dead
which I .buried. When I was alone I sang it aloud.
When I was. not alone, it sang itself in me.
"Blood pooling our furrows tOdi\YEnemy's blood :
F~lr gr.een crops tn our ft Ida tomorrow!
Lie there, little Enf;lmy, fl\tten our flelds!"
Was I mad Y l do not know . . It sang ·its If in me.
And often I laughed how they thought to co.n qu r.
Can French fieldS bear alien tlrops? Not though they
are sown thick with ei:remy slain!
.
And the Hate-'fhing within me grew ·al)d grew, and
with it my hate. But the Holy ]\foth t• had shaken her
head. Mary, forgive me that T murdered it many a
day in my heart!
Mon Dieu, to have trl\vail for an Enemy's Brat!
Mon Dieu, how the night is long till tl1c morrow I
Oui, Madame, the paper. Bring it and I will sign .
it. Enemy's Child shall be Gouvernement 's Child.
An revoir, Madame. Pricz pour moi I
·•
•
•
•
•
Mais non, Madame, I cannot. lie has the yes of
Charlot. On my arm they laid him, and J look at biro
for the first time, and his eyes, they are Cbadot'a.
How can I give him up Y •
Tell Gouvernement I will be French for two.
Can a French field bear an alien crop 1
AJ1 , 1\Jadame, Jove is stronger than lww.
~~)'
Jove has conquered my hate. And something oCt
and small in the crook of my arm., tl1at swutest
o11nd, a oh of content and tlw tug of little Up
at my breast. . . .
_
Ab, see, be opeD:S them. tille eye of Olarl.ot.. WP
fils a moi ~ -;.
�'
J..J
T
-
e
e teT
Co
.
Tade
Daughters of Jo
·w
By RO E
AJ,KIXH arm-in-arm with . oldie
HARLA. 'D fa The
or
luioo
ilo:rs,
chucking this one under the chin, pattin,.. that
on1~ on the cheek, laughing over the hoolder a the
ot hrH, with a glad eye for all, what happygirls they
Kl•t•med when the s<!a was all a-glitter and the u:n
Heor(·hing thP hot sands!
Home of them would lie basking in the nrf for ilou:r , IIIUJZ:h!n:t !lhrilly when the waves da lied over their
Kunlnu·ut annK anrl leg<;;- and the SliD; hining aliRe
on thr good and evil, 1·ained his warm .~i es on their
f'lH·r•!!- prf•tty fares. too, when- the dimple came and
m•nt in th<• joy of the passing hour. And the saucy
hadinagP of wnrds with all and sundry, the ready wit,
thc· quic·l< _jco-;t, th1• •·arPless freedom.
Thr·n Ollt' thon~rht: "Surely_ this a hcttet· life thai1
Jon!! hour·s in a swl'ater's den, the paltry pence for lorr ~-t mr1·hani<·al lahor. and the pale, anaemic faces of
I h• • •·it~· hy - wa~·s ~ ·' TlPr•• at ]past wal; the free air and
>'lillli!.dlt :till! Sf'H. plrnty to Pat and clr·ink, lots of pt·ett~
c·lothPs, anrl ldssps hy 1l1 P .:;rorr.
Th r Oil!' with th .. lllllOt·f•nt. widP. blue ryt's was ·we:Jrin~ n hlur ~fadonna hood ovrt· hPr g-old hair. and hPr
fiOII'Pt' l'at•f' smi1Pt1 t·hild_ish]_,. on all as she pas~ ed: antl
il' n h:1rrl strPl~· look <·nme into those eyPs at times, what
wondPl' • ~h<• hatl hl't' pri1·r and would not hP beaten
down so lnng as shr had youth anrl hrant~· for the
hHl'!!ni ning-. 'l'lH•n th r prrt ty dark one . .so mnrh sought
nflt•t·. whosP pin], rlrrs~ brought out the rose hloom
nf hPr· rhPfks- of' ~atut'P ';; painting, too. ns ~·r t. Like
Luok' wa . again t them, too, n · thl•y shin>i• tl lll;tl
rasscd · through the Ia hing g-nl<>.
iJ;Cht f 11 1 nml
j);1ss('d, :md ·somethiil!! impt>llt•d the womnn with tll\'
S";ert eyes who liwd in tl11• h011 P by th
l J Ok
out· ~>:t dawn-the gre~·. (·hill. t•ar·ly dnwn f n <'hrrt··
]e<;;; summer day. There, .huddled in. a shf'lter, inunohih•
:>s dr:l.tlt, at two of thr dnughtrt• of joy.
'l'hry had spent the lot)g rold night thPt' . 'rh hirds
of the :-~ir haY~ nests, hut girl who mnk n plny'thing
of ]oYc haYe not wher•() to lay th()ir. h 11ds.
And the sweet woman with the mothrr· Rottl 11hining
in her l)eautiftlt pm·e eye., , aid:
"I <'ll!mot ~le•'P now for thinking of thosr poor girl ,
:Hltsirlr- -alwa~·E< outRirle..
l 1,11\'e a danghtt>r my11rlr.''
The Fable of the ·"Nut"
By :\.. F. G A :'\ :'\ 0 :-<
0
Nl'B upou 11 time tht>rt· was a ~ut with a handful
of hohnails jingling nhout in his . _ ingle-eylinder
nwntnlit~· until tht> latter dt>n•loped 11 Knoek. He det•ith>tl thnt :\lalthu mn t have been off hi; feed Good
nnd Pt•otwr wht•u tlw poor boob pulled that .. moral
8t•lf-t•ontrol .. stuff. so, ou the priueiple that it· beth•r llltt• t hnn Xt>wr, th<> • 'ut t't hitn t'lf a iduou ly
to l't'llh•tl~· tlw 1Ialtlm ian Miff.
lh.• hml fiw notdw on tht' Health~· End of hi
Hat wht•tt tht• Johu La\\' :: uad intt>rruptt'd b'- . _ ()(•iologit•nl J.aho , and landt'4.i him in a
Quf'i"r. saft>
fnuu tlw lufuriatl."d .lob \\'bo n:-entl."d h- rt>eeut attNUJlt to p..'rforate tbt•ir Rotund and
peett>d ft>IIO\\'itizt'u au l lmhnrial llo!!Ul Jeremiah Coldea .
Whill" tht> -'ut \\' n1minating in tbe Dippy Df'n.
with his teering gear jammed at an angl o£ forty·
~in-' Degrees, on the erut>lty of a cold and unappre:.. iatiw l'ommunity, the citizens wer h avin ligbs o!
rt>lief and ru bing into cold Print and Public •tter·
anet> with ·tatement about the Hand of Provid Df'f'
heing de eel'nahlt- iu the delivery from d ath of "our
e teemed townsman and hent>faetor, J rPmiab oM·
•·a.-h. ··
.Jt>remiah. beiol! .Jake. wrote out two (at ('hf>t•k•.
•Hit· for tht> Polic-t• R,•Jit>f and anoth r for a wortby
Lol'al Charity-tht>n ord rt>d his A1C nts tn flO t)O\fll
to Kell~- · Pateh. wh r.- bill tt>nf'tDf'Dt• were looat,.,L
and jimm~- into tht' l:ndnfed InCant '• llilk 1-'uwl witb
a tl"o-pt>r.-ent ioc-rt'ase o(-r~rotals all arounll,
l!ORAL: Who' Loony Xo..-!
.
�The Western -Comrade
}5 .
Section of Llano Showing Construction in Progress. Building in' Foreground In Course of Construction Is
an Addition to tlie Ranch Office
lndu~trial Activity ·I-n spirin-g
By R. K. WILLIAMS
NE , of our· new m mbers, a woman of
lovely cha racter and sweet persona lity,
made the remark the other day that in
all her tr·avels she has at last found a
plaee where one hear·s all the sounds of
industrial activity and none of the accomP.anying .'Ounds of discontent. ~he
is particularly charmed with the meloclious ring of the anvil, the explosive exhaust of en!fines and the buzz of the saw as it ploughs its way ·
through the wood. Afar ovet· the fields and orchards
th\· sounds travel, and mingling therewith is the song
of men, content and strong, in the knowl dge of ahsolnte possession of the job.
These little signs were significant things to her.
Where else in the United States can the same be said Y
Com in ~ directly, as she did, from the rompetit ive
struggle and the gt·ind of life, these tokens of industry
with harmony and peace made a deep impre sion upon
her·.
The rtrrhing hertvens conti,nne ~o ponr down an
dfulgenc·r of light. :\fever a shadow darkens the hr·oad
reaches of the valley.. Distance· come and go, the
mountains move and quicken under the rays of a soft
October sun. The climate is superbiy ideal. The
mornings, as the sun ~ sending shafts of ·opalescent
colors athwart the sky, has the zest of .coming winter·,
but as it rises higher over the distant ranges of the
Sierras, a gentle warmth permeates all things and
Nature seems, indeed, at peace with herself. The
evenings, bril1iant and cool, lure one to the comfort of
the bed and there are few here that spend wakeful or
r estless nights.
lt may sound like a sanitorium advertis ment, but
the truth is t hat gener-ally, member of this colony
sleep sounder than in places of the same size anywh re
in the country. Doubtless this is due to the fa.ct that
we arc over 3100 feet elevation and there is no fog or
tlew to encumber the atmospher·P. Th n, too, there is
something else. That something elsp is simply a feelin g- a feeling of security.
·
\Ye are growing as fast as it is . afe to g row. ln
faet the pr·ohlem of housing tli(· inr·ome r·s keep the
building defartmlc'nt working up to the limit. More
�16
-
•
1n1p
e o
�ies at the Llano Com.m.uni
loni11~
.\I ill
IIIUI
\'ood
orki11g
rhi11rry
�18
The Western Comrade
from the ,hotel to the
dairy and the number
of" men working there,
a r r a n g e ments have
been made to build a
substantial bunk house
·. for th ir accommoda.tion. 'l'he building will
contain . five .· roomsthree bedroom 12x12,
kitchen 12x16 and dining room of 16x16 feet.
.
d
In addition to the
Type of the Temporary Clay Brick Houses at 'I.:lano
building, there \\:ill be
placed two tents l2x12.
than 77 lit•\\' resiu PIJ ts took up their abode in the col~ AS6urance are thi.1s g iven that a great deal of incouOIJ,V dur·iJi g tl.lc past thirty days. 'fhis represents .'47 ven.i~·ni:e will he done .away with an.d much l'Omfor·t .
.added. to thes~ hard working men.
aet tw l st<Jl'kholdcrs with working contracts.
\' i>;i1ors and prospects conti!lu e to come: 'fh1·ee huti- · · Tht• library, which .is a branch of the Los .Angeles
dred and twenty ea 1·nest people were the guests of the · County Library, is. g rowing.
eolony in the last month. One cannot help but be imSewNtl hundreti . volumes of books will be added
pressed with the earnestness display'ed. The hotel is Jo . the library within a week. 'fhis is a donation of
pr·o,·ing too small for the accommodation of the hc.m- the. Los Angeles Liberal Club aJ).d thanks is- due \Yalte1'
bers that want to eat with us. 8o the building depart- Collins, secretary Of that organization.
mL·nt is beginnin g the WOrk of enlarging the assembly
Other donations have been through C01made
hall anti \\'li CII r:o mpl ctcJ will add onc~tliinl more space, A(;]olph Lofton of Lowgap, Washington, who is addIrwk ing- a large room approximately G5 by 75 feet. ing to the se ,·eral lmndJ•eu hoolq;_he has a h~ead~' sent
Wh eth er this will be the limit of expansion is ha rd to by makmg ·another shipment. C.omraue Dr. .\. J.
SteYens nf JJos Angeles, Harry Thomas of Llano and
say at this time.
At one end of the hall will be the stage from which others haYe a1~o .made donat ions to the library .
\\'ill lie given dramatics and other entertainments. lts
'l'he books give a wide choice of r eading and they
location will not interfe re with the r egula1· Saturday are much appreciated by the r~sidents of Llano. 'l'h e
ni ght dances. As time goes by these hops are becom- libra ry · is well ·patronized and much matter of the
ing more popular for the r eason that a dancing class so-cp.lled heavier nature is in demand. Books on
under the direction of Mrs. Williams and Comrade A. psychology and ethics are r eally f>Opular. Fiction,
A. Stewart has heen started. 'l'h e initial number sign- howt>Yl'I', con ti:Ut~es to have a heavy call and at all
ing was 77. 'fhe ages
hours 1·eaders will he
ran ged fr om 6 to 60. On
found pouring over magaThursd11y eyenings good
zines, hool<s and newspaf'rrli ng and enthusiasm
pt>l'S. In the evening the
I'llllS hig·h, fo1· this is t he
l i h r a r ~· is completely
night of the class. At
fill ed "' i t h interested
pl'l'SE:> nt the class numbers
I'Paders.
abo ut 100. Many of th e
T_he high school. a fte1·
timid ones have screwed
so many ,-exatiou. rlela~·s
up E:>nou gh courage to
wi ll surely. be started
] pa m to dance, so that it
within a few day. Ht
most. Between '19 and 25
is s~ti'E' to predict that
within sixty days there
pupils will be Pnrolled
will he hut few people in
and p!'Olll'l hl,v hy thc> time
th E> colony that \\;ill not be
thc> Sf·hool i.s in a<"tiYE' opable to shalw the " light
- <'ration t lw nnmhrr ·will
f11 ntastic toe."
hr int·rt>a. t>d as !l('wromJohanna, the Colony's Champion Holstein
Owing to the distance
t> rs an· al'!'i\'ing with son
~
�..
The Western Comrade ·
:md
daughters of high
the · permaneQ.t towp.si~e.
degree. This work
There are thirty-six.
will be under C. W. Hunfoundations for the tem.
ton, who has had exten· porary brick houses · laid
si ,·e experience in teachand work is progressing
ing and is a Socialist from
rapidly. When houses are
the days of Edward Belcompl ted and ready_ for
lamy. ~Ir. Hunton has
0 cupan ·y by the older
heen active in the great
re idents, new members
sol'ial moYement for many
come· and. occupy the· old
.n ·a r·s and for the la:st sev.quarters. ~..,hether in tents
t•r·al years had a substanor the hotel. So that- a
tial business jn Grants
continual d emand is made
l'ass, Oregon. Comrade
on the building depart-.
Some of the Colony's Thoroughbr~d_ ~erks~lres
Ilnnton feels that history
ment. In a way this is
showin g the different so· discouraging, but viewing .
.. ial systc>ms (·an hr hettcr taught here than at any other it frciin another · _arrgle it is most encouraging. It
plarr· in the countr·,,·. 'l'her e 'lovill be no hindrance to shows -a spirit ·nothing shor~ ·of marvelous to see peot.lt(• gi ,·ing of the true inter·pretation of history.
ple willing to mime and 'heip buill this place and live
Th ,, :\fontcssori school introduced by the capable in cramp ed quarters and do without mauy of the oldl'rudrnce Stokes Brown is a success, and she is simply time comforts. :Efveryo:ire r ealizes that we 11ave a prin" ' ·cndr elmed with littl r folks who are enthnsiastic cipality in the building and the fact that men and
" ' ·cr· their learning liP\\- things and being so happily women used . to }uxur..ies at'e willing to submit to . the
•·ntr·rta ined. \Yhil t' (·onditions at the Goodwin place discomforts . of .camp life is .a n e·vidence that it will
;r n • not ideal, cn~ r~·thing possible is heing done to of- come to fruition.
r,.,. eYery facility to :\lr·s. Brown to fonvard hrr· very
It must not -b e inferred that everyone is suffering
important wol'l;:.
discomforts for such a statement · would not be true.
The elcmeutai·y sehool will soon be compl eted and 'fhere are 600 p eople . in this comint:mity and 90 per ·
).!reat satisfaction will prevail. The present quarter·s cent of them are very c'omfortably housed, ' ipd~ed.
:rr·e vcr·~· cramped and th e t eachers are laboring under
Another building of interest to be erected will be
a hig handicap and will doubtless make th e move with one 70 by 24 feet. ln this '\'i•ill he th e laundry, se\\;ingdt•light. Additionnl pupils are entering weekly so room, drying-room, engine and power . r0om .and the
thnt nil aYailable spnce will be utilized. Considering creamery. '']'his i.s to he _located .ea~t of the bakery,
i he difficulties attendant upon the advent of school
which is just finished. · Fires have been lighted under
this year, great pt•ogress has been made and the genu- the oven and the colonists ar·e enjoying the usual bakein<> hnrd work gone through is appreciated by eYery- shop delicacies. 'l'h e fa ct .that breads, pastrie·s, etc.,
one.
arc baked in the bakery r elieves tension in .the kitchen
Irwomers are amazed at the ·wr •'< accomplish ed m materially and reflect itself lar·gely in the increased
tIre br·icf time- eighteen months of the existence of variety on the menu of the dining-room.
the colony. It is unnecessary now to talk
nbout the prospects and .
things w e · hope to do.
So many things have
heen ~!ready done the
premises of the future
m·r pet·fectly patent.
l'copl e now can realize
t hnt \\'<' intend to build
H <·ity.
A model city
in t' YN'Y w'ly. Pr·essm·e
in housing the people
lr as k ept back the
A Portion or One of the "Hoganlzed" Poultry Yards
wor·k of hnildinrr on
~c hool
�20
T h e W e s (ern Com r a d ·e
The fact that a charge of 25 cents per meal is now
made, an innovation, does not deter visitors from coming. The money thus received is used to further improve the cuisine and table necessities. · We are now
charging $2 per round trip from' Palmdale to the
colony. This money goes a considerable way in keeping up r epairs on ·the automobiles. As soon as we
feel that adequate accommodation can be ~ffered to
the sojourners, a nightly charge will be made for beds.
W e feel that in the above t~o items, people are getting more than· their money's worth and we ha~e ~o
conscientious scruples about taking the:money. A lett er re-ceived a few days
ago asks: ''How do you
run your Socialistic colony 1"
For t]H, hrnefit of that
inquirer, who ' doubtless
will srr th is in Th e Comrade, we would like to
say t hat this is not a
"Socialist colony" in the
trur accep tation of t hat
word, as understood gen.
erally by Socialists. This
is a business concern , a
live, solvent business in.
stitution. If one wanted
to actually defin e condi-.
tions here it mig~t be
t ermed communism , or
closely allied thereto, and
not Socialism, bJ.·oadly
spealdng. 'So c i a I ism
means each according to
his deeds, while commun.
ism is interp1·eted to
Dilly Young Riding
mean: each according to
his needs. Th e Llano del
Rio Compan); is organized 11nd exist ing und('r t he laws
of the State of Califo rnia. A ho11rd of directors stands
between the stockholders and the Statr. They are
responsible fo r the company . Th e difference between
this compm1y and th e Sonthem Pacifi c or any other
romp11ny, is t hat the working members, who must be
stockholders, r eceive the profits of the concern. Th e
profi ts will not go to non-resident tockholders, but to
the w01·king memhers only.
The quPstion '' hein g shorn of on e's liberty '' and
" household goods being confisc:1 ted" ought to be
cle111'ed up. Fullest liberty exists within the colony .
Every man, who has an idea, is invited to giYe it. The
t est of au id ea or theory is its workability. If t wo
theories oppose in some particular occasion, as has
occurred, an experiment settled .the questipn. One is
not compelled to wear any particular brand of elothing
and none need lose his indentity, as·has -been suggest•·d.
Service is the only thing that counts in this colony.
This has been frequently said, but for the benefit of the
friendly inquiry, it must be reiterated.
Household goods and personal property certainly
belong to·. the individual. ·This is one of the cardinal
tenets of' Socialism. Private property to be privately
owried apd .public property privately owned to 'be pub.
licly used. Su'ch a statemeD,t about goods being con.
fiscated is prep:osterous. It is amusing to note the ideas
that some people have of
the colony. They cannot
believe that this is not an
Utopia, I caria, a City of
the Sun, or some equal.
ly phantastic proposition.
No, we ar e grounded on
economics and ·belien
that when we shall ~ave
solwd t he three ·eJe.
mentals-food, clothing
a nd sh t>lter, our ethics,
morals. and intellectual
slants w ill follow. It is
true that we a re the re.
sult ·a£ our dige.' tion 'and
the p op)e as a whole
r epresent one Yast digest
cent er.
The Chinese,
10;000 yPa rs ago, wor·ked
this th eon • out pretty
clea1·ly. It still holds
good. \Ye traYel "on our
stoma r hs." and if the
man is fed, clothed and
Herd on the Llano
shrltPred, he ·s a .pretty
amiahiP sort of thing.
As to the method of runnin g t he ranch, it can be brietiy
stated that a board of managers, eomposed of th e super·
int<•JH] ('nt, managers and fo remen of the ,·arious dep11rt·
ments, are cognizant of all the details of the place. To
thp number of twenty.five or· thirty, they seat them·
selves each night at 7 o'clock around the long tahle
and tf!lk of the things done 11 nd the thin gs to be done
on the morrow. Teams are reeeived and placed, ma·
ehinery of various sorts is shifted f rom place to place
and men as 11eeded at various places are assigned so
that the hig book has a drtailed account of the lay-out
for the next day's business.
The meet in g is bot a parliamentary body, by :wy
mr11ns. Xo mot ions are made 11nd no disputes arise as
(Contin ued on Page 25)
�Th e Western Comrade
21
Ho\V We Liv at Llano
A
\\"O~IA~ ronespondent located in the n orthern
It often is hard for intending members to ·l ay i.ri a
part of the State writes asking what ·to bring to large supply of things accustomed to, yet if due thought
th•· t·olony in Ol'der to be comfortable in the hou e is given this subject a good deal of deprivation will
;HJd the · kind and quality ·of clothing, 'the method of
be. averted. Incidentally this m ethod will save the
nwrketing, etc.
.......
colony as a whol~ considerable mopey. :
hoes are a ptime necessity. 'l'he character of earth
It may be interesting to .those contemplating joini n~ 11s ultimately, to elaborate on thi~ phase a little so her:e i said ' to be .hard on shoes. About this there is.·
that the women will haYe a more comprehensive i<J_ea som ..doubt. · Any place ~vhere sidewalks are not in
.
.
.
.
.
.
of 1r hat women do and how they live. 'l'he men that eviden e hoe leather. goes Yery r apidly. · It is ug.·onH· to the t.-olon~· are " ·ell informed as to what they gested that th·e housewife supply herself and · children
do nnd how they will pass their time, but the women well with sufftcient good, substantial footgear, to last
folk s arc simply left to shift for themselves.
a r easonable l~mgth of time. While it is ali right for
In the first plaer. bring with you -everything that a person to get and ·d'ema')ld commissary supplies the
,·on IHn·e been ae<'ustomed to using about the house. ~oment of ar~ival,· after having a working contract
·!J,,,,· t g-i1·c a1n1~· wa~hboards, tubs, oil stoves, cots, an<:l' t' ntranee fe.e paid, yet it seems like an imposition
!!'riddiPs, stoYc pipe and th e like. Many women make upon tb'osc w~o are already liere for a long tim!). This
th ·· !!listake. wht' ll ahout to embark on the unlm0\\'11 matter: is rather .delicate to. explain, so consider it best.
"'" o( Llano, whieh to some i:s a tragedy of apprehen- to do the best you can for yourself, and by o doing
,jon. of leaYing lwhind with some good friend, or actu- ~ron will protect o,thers.
.
The ·que tion as· to how t he women folks d1·e in
ally g·i1·ing amr.v somr honsdwld necessity that would
Llano ca n be. s imply answrrcd by saying practic.a lly in
J,. lri~hly prizPd h r rr.
llo11't forgrt the l·ooksto1·r. \\'ood is used Hhuost . the same ' mauner· tlrat o'ne Jives at home. Fan y
,.,,.JI!s in·l~·· 1f yo11r stoYc is a coal burner it will hum
l'lothes, to be.sure, are not neede'd to any great extent,
lrn<lli satisfactori ly. A gas stove will not he of much although on many occasions good and expensive cloth.
'<'rri,.,. at JH'l'Sf'llt. 'l' hr pr·rsent is what we ar·e liYing in . ing is arid can he. 1~orn. l\1iddie blouses a.nd kirts aJ'e
popular and other· ·simple t hings of that sor·t. The
~ l ost l'am ili rs want to l!et st>ttlrd as soon as possible
and 11othing- takPs the plal·P of th e old family stove. writt>r is not up on clothes parlance, h ence he cannot
It- J>l'f'S('llf•(• in tht' (•OI' ne r·
a tc•nt or house brings frel- giYc the proper namt-s .. Khaki is not worn as much as
~rou would imagine. Whipcord skirts are ocea, ion ally
ill>!~ of hominess.
11"'' woman hronl!ht with hrr sr1·cr·al saeks of ea r·pct
srrn, hnt good Sl'rvicrahle house dr·esses l'an be a lways
r;r>!s. not knowing what else to do with t hem. Upon used. Come with a good supply of th C'se things on
<IITir;rJ hrre shr fonnd th:~t thry could lw madl' into a hand.
snhstn ntinl rug. Rhe sent them to T,6s Angelrs and
lt is requested that patrons of the store arrange to
in " short time sh r had in r etum a lovely r·arpl't rng get supplies but once
day. 'rhis is made to k eep
lr!ri,·h now coYrrs a floor, greatly enhancing t h r com- down extra and unnecessa.r·y hool<keepin·g. 'l'he fami ly
fort and looks of an otherwise plain trnt.
semh7' the children to th e store as in any place, and the
\\'hilr we makr rnhinet stuff in thr rolony all th e goods ordered are earriPd home and a charge made
tirll!·. the work is pressing nnd locaJ ordc1·s r:~ nnot against the cr edit of the colonist. In tbi. connection it
nln-:1.1'S he l\ept np. So it is advisable to hring yom
is well to su~est that yo u r.ome with market baskets.
<·uphoa l'(ls, );itrhen r11hinets and kitr hcn tablrs and · Oecasionally~'e run out of them and th e distance from
the sour·ce of supply precludes the possibility of a
rrrr.vt hing that ilpprJ·tains t o the kitchen.
Thr comm issary is nsual ly well supplied with the qui cl\ replenishment. A~ to chargi ng, the colony doe
lli'•·Pssities and much of the time carryin g so-called not make a profit from goods sold to colonists. The
luxn riPs, yet it is PX p Piiient a nd advisable to bring with prires are figured as nearly to cost as possible ~ild the
yo<1 :~s much food stnffs as you conveniently can. B;v amount of the things supplied is charged to the account
so doing, you will not he eomprll cd to go without your of the working memher. thus obviating the n ecessity
pn1·t icnlar favori t e thing that you have been accustomed of using money. Evr ry working member who has a
to. Some families come to us so well supplied with eontra c·t grts $4 per day so there is usually .ample
tn11ned goods and other table foods that for months credit to take car e of a ll. purchases.
What. is your sorial lif<> ? \ \[e liv<> j ust the same
tl11-:-· make but few demands on the commissary except
for butter and milk.
(Continued on Page 25)
"
of
a
�22
T h e W ·e s t e r n C iJ m r a d e
Learn Living a-n d
~oving.
J3y PRUDENCE STOKES· BROWN
T
HE :\Jontcssori School .at Llano is esta?lished. hor e and wagon off to the wa h for sand. They . ift
,
I
Forty-ti\'1• Phildren ranging from 3 to 6 gather and sacked sand as heartily as they played basketba
Ht the hott·J fi\·c mornings in the Week aDd are taken We wftnted swings ; and the ymmg ruan herding cow'
in autos to the Goodwin , ranch. The beautiful old
a nearby pasture left the · cattle grazing in the af
plac·e with its c·ottonwood trees, its flowing brook> 'and talfa .a:n d i.n a few uiomel)ts had constructe<i bars an
old ranc·h houst>, 110w sct·ves as the "child.ren S.:.house;" 'put up swings..· When time for two little tots to
thP " ('asa Di Ramhini," the " kindEfrgarten" or child hon:~e, ~·ho :live in an opposite direction from the r .
gardPn--Pithf't' of' thPse nnmes will do. The facts· are · the., gallant "cowboy " takes them home on his ho '
what i::tc·n·st tlr•· dJildren , and thf'."fathers a·n d moth-· ''th en cleaping up, not only the . anita ry c. om mission ·
I'I'S or Llano.
at hand, but :w omen of culture and refinement; wome
llc·n· tftP l'ir ildn·n pt·ae'tic·P '' li1·ing and loYing " . ,~· lio- !wow just exactly how to clean .huuse-Pw
from 11inf' o,'c·lcu·l: in the mol'ning until !'out· o'clock in £hough they have been ]mown in England as militan
the· af't Pr·noorr. Here they find a home that itwites suffragists and hal'~ g'Ollf' to jniJ upholding tltri
ot·dt'rly. ltPtil'l' and r·ationa l ~hinking. H ere is a ya.rd, ·pri.ncipl es.
~wings and tt'HJW ZP; a largt•, WE'll fill ed sand tabl f' of
Fot the noori lunc-h the call goes forth · for niilk
·pnit'nt hc' ight, llltd sand box on the ground ; water- and ga,llon&, not quarts, nt·e deli1·ered at our door. \\'(
Ill,.., pots and gardPn tools, and thE'·delight of watet· in_ prefer to·.make the· sandwiches and salads at th.e scb .
ahundanc·t• fiowing ovf'r stont•s and pebbles; a heauti- instead of having each ehild bring hi!\ own, and a com.
l'ul , good nnturPd ~pit z dog; a kindly old mother cat . rnittee of women take this mnttet· in J1and and bot
with :r ll'l·ll hl'hal'l'd kittPn; a fpw good old· mother fruit and salads come .f t·om th e liotel and store.
hl'ns and birds that •·omP and go ns ·they choose.
Co-opet·atiO'n spells success, nnd Llnno 's Monte son
drinking from thP stream and Pating the crumbs th e . School is h eading str~igi.Jt for that poiut. I doubt c
t·hildt'<'n SII'Pl'Jl from thf' tnhif's nnd floor· after the noon- th er e is in. the state of Califoriiia a )fonhissorl SchOO!
tlay meal.
promising a~ much life and liberty t_o ehildhood as th
Th e house is . not tlw pennancut Jlontessori school one now establishe'd at Llano.
building, but a comfortable old ranch house with floor·
The inte.t'est t hat is heing showr-\ hy parents an
Rpaee fo r• fifty ehi ldren ; a dining room that has been otlwrs who 1\·er·e at fit·st rlaub'tful nhout th e pt·acticabiiJ
fitted with tables to scat them; cupboat·ds suitable to . .ity of the Montessori . school is most encouragiJ1g'
the size 'of the childr·en, and the number· of dishes they Nearly every member of the eommunity is rendy t6
r equir·e; low sinks for washing these dishes-and I contribute his or her effort to a~sist 111 our wor
must not forget to say that our tables and cupboar·ds. It is inspiring.to receive this assistance.
at·e made in Unno 's own carpenter shop by men who
Doetor Maria l\T ontessOJ·i is giYing a course of twelr
know just how to plan and construct in the most con- leetures in San Francisco. The object is to give tb
venient m~d efficient mann er. l mention this because I puhlie nn opportunity to hear from the founder of th'•
fef'l that the l'f'ry presence of fumiture made at home tH'W sciencf' of p edagogy thr fundam ental principl;
Sf'rves to draw out from those using it a feeling of of th e ~ethod, nnd also to gil'e the parent a betf
r E'sprcl nnd admiration.
undet·standing of the child nnd his n eeds.
Thl'I'P nt'P couches on which the childt·en r est ami
The subjects are as follows : " Discipline in Lit!
sleep ; n kitchen with all necessary appointments-and C'hild t·f'n "; " ExE' t·eis~s of P1·actical Life"· "T
hl't'e in this hous(' of child hood, after only one month, Poundatio·n of ·Auto Edu('at ion "; " Intellectual Wort
lhl' (·hildt·t-n at·e adapting themsfllves as naturally to nnd :\fpntal Hygiene": "The Intelligen~e"; "Tbf
tltt>se home eonditions, aud the liberty of using them, lmagina tion of the ('h ild " ; " The Foundation of the
:IS · w(' t•ould expet·t. ~!'hat is snying a great deal, but
Tma!!inntion ''; " Th e EdnPation of the 'Will": " )ioral
wr expect wondet·S- 11'1' who study Dr.' MontE'ssori 's Edut•atiol'l." nnd "Tlw SMial Respon ibility o£ lbr
Sl'i(•ntific pedagogy.
\T otht' l'." Tht> last two lt•!'tures will ht> a prest.> n tation
A wor·d for· co-opet·ation.
of' tht• mntt>rial used in thP )fontessori schools .
ln Llano Pl:('t'yhod:v eo-oper·ntes to make conditions
•T. Stitt Wilson, his wife and daughter. t ook tbt
fo t· ehildren. When wc wanted sand only a wo1;d went Thit·(l Tnt f' rnntionnl 'l'rn'ining ('our t> for tE'acher~. and
forth and wt• hnd a half dozen hoys and girls with g-r~(luai Pd from Rnn Frntwi~t·o last .August.
i4
�23 .
T h e W e s t e r n .comrade ·
Success
By ERNEST WOOSTER
I
·ays
I~ ,
cllclier
lid
It'
apitolisl
0\1'
01'!' I
This ole!' world of ours is so funny the
Powers that made it mu 't chortle
,,·ith glt'C
· ·From th,• day we at·e born to the toot
of the hom, · cvct·ything is but
Untl's just dec l·ee.
Th,·n· ·~ a reason ohscut·c, but a good
ont>. lw sure, for pon~ rty, suff't·ing
-and sitl:
. \nd it ·s sancd- don 't · doubt, or att .. tnpt tn find out how we got in
t h·· fix ll'l! <tl'e iu."
.\II hlnndh• ,,-,..:re tohl th11t it's no
ust· to. st·old- lmt gil'e thanks to
till' Lt)l'(! in th e skyTrllsl to him our atl'airs. faithfully
knt·t· l at our prayrt·s- w c will get
n11r t'<'ll·a rd when we di!'.
Tlwtq.dt industrially rohht•d an (l judi.. ially .iohlH•d from thP t·t·adh• <' lear
tltnnq:dt to the grave,
.\nd '"ith brain and with lmtll' n WP
lttllst toil till lifp's gont• i11 an tlllrrllitl'lll efl'ort to SHI't'.Yt•l ,,.,. rttllsn't <·otnplain ( that's the
pn·al'ht•t: ·s rl'l'ntin ) hut all nter.kly
!J,. lo,\'Jy and I!Ood'
.. n,.
1'1'111-!HI ~ Don't SIYl'nd !'' fiuatH·i e t·s
l'l'I'O llllllt'IHI .( wh at. \\'OU]d happen
to 11s if' 1n~ s hould ?)
Th,•re 's a world of ad l'it·c to hr had
11·ithn11t pt·irr, and it elaims wr ean
a II 14l'l ahead;
!-'ays th<•t'<' 's n o r easo n why w r sltotdd
l'nil if' "''' try and givp lwrd to
t ht• things thM at·r said:
Thel't' an• ways. IH' assurPd, that the
,-oi n ,-nn he hll't•tl, proven ways
that II' I' ntust not dt·spisPAnd the fLrst Oil<', th o ug h old (to bel iPI'P Hs II'(' 'n' told ) is to t·Hrrt'nll~' !'('OilOITiiZt'.
lr
W<' 'd
do wit·hont pi10JH's, cat no
JllOI'I' i<·!' t· n·am t•OIIPs, and f'orgl't
nl·l nhout union rules:
\\' t• t't.• t'Ontt> nt " ·it h our lot, g lad to
l!<'t what II' C' ' yp got, and '.\'onl d sPII
a II on r diamonds and jrwels;
I r "'" (litln 't d1·ink hoo:r.e, and we wore
t· ltt•;qwt· shors. Hnrl r hr 11·rd no tohHI'<'O 01' gum ;
Dro1·i· no a ut omohil rs, and consnmrd
t·hPilJl'''' mrals- w e surely coulrl
sill'<' quitr a sum.
Thesl' optimist. state it's not hat·d to
h<'Ht F11te: thrrr's n way if thPrr's
o nl.v a will ;
o it wouldn t be hard, if we plowed
t h back yard, to cut down the
veg table ~ill.
·we. could;_ sell . wbat
we grow, pay the
And
bills 'that .,,. owe, and li'Ve better
Be
thltll 'w
li e now:
Rich
1f01:· t he nm.d : wilr increase if \\;e. buy
us some . gee. ·e, ~ln({ a pig and some
he n anil· a cow .
'I'hrn i·he bank account grows when w e
·hny i10 'TIP\\' clothes, but w ea r out
. the old· ones inst Hd;
\VpaJ' tht' pfi.,nts
last year with a
· . patc h.i_n the r Gat", and spend all our
!'\'Pilings iu bed;
i)<rit 't iiwrit· th e expense that th e
~' movie" presents, but go to ti!JY prra!llling; tltHt'·s free,-, Hi1t .von ltct Wt' Won 't w11it till tiH'Y
pi!;;s_ J'·otptd t·hc plate-we'll save
some• mot'l' money, -yon seE' )
Yt•s. WI O:r\' told thrrr ;s ~~- ehance, for a·!I
who wear pants, to in time hetom e
presidf'nt,
·
Ot· a ~mng millionflire. if wit·h thriftiHc·ss rarr IH' tling lil<e a lt'Pth to
t•at·h <'Pnt, ·
.
And lmt wisply invrst in th e mHnner
1hat ·s h<•st~our fortunes will soou
lw Sl't'Ure:
'\'d. it St't'lllS pm;sing Sti'IUlf!t' that (lOQI'
J'o]l\f; nPI'PI' l'hangr, hut alwnys ·
<·OIItinne so poor.
.
"·
:can
of
Y••s. ll' t• playN1 at yont· ga m e, hut th e
w Palth twve r eamr, so wr thin];
your advit·e is a. sl!ll'l'hongh in <·hnrch you may pray, yet
wt• 'II all sta y away, ta];e clt nnres
on go ing to llell.
We· han~ a nrw plan, a nd we'll get
c·n'ry man, ·each h elievet· in justit· c· and right,
For . th<• So<·iHiist sr·h emf' is now mot·e
than n drea m- it. has grown to he
f't•fll OV<'l' night .
.
Yorr mny li r, .stenl ·and sh irk, you may
live without wr.rk , wh er r Profit is
sti 11 to h e beat,
Hut thonglt it RrPrns querr, you r annot
do .i f hr1·r- you must work here ot·
else you don ' t eat.
Yrt if you do .vom· sharP. and you · do
what is fair, you ' II pt·osp<•J' Hlong
ll' it h the rest,
.
Ro k eep your advic·e, wr ' \' e all paid t h e
prire, and wr ]{Jlo\1' thHt ou r wa~·
rs thf' ~est.
But
\Ve
We11t
to
Llm1o
�T' e
es er . Co
c ·a pitalism
1"
Ju
HE follow1ng I.e an estraet from. Ute court records iu t he trial o
tton with the destmction ot the Lo Angeles Times in 1!U
The p
t he building wu destTOJ'ed by dynamite. Tbe defense contends that it w
In the selection of the JUTY.
Ca.pi~lism's
-
~
Juror
I'HOli ( 'harlt-ts Hughes, A RETIRED A.PITAL T,
R J ollll .
fll'ing ~xami ru:J, testified in part as follow :
.
anun
t tifid a f llw:
Q:Ue tiori : Hav 'you v ·r· f rmed m
Qw•tstion: ,\ud the defendant wo~ld have lo pibve
t o th ·an e of :tlf di t r !
·
it to you '!
. · Ans,~ r: W ell· wlla I know about it and wh·
Auts"···r: I tit ink he would, yes sir.
(~t ii'Kt iou : ,\ud do you start :fu the trial with· I beard about it I tlr u~ht a t th e titu it wn
hy ga e.rplo i h.
tit•· firm, JIIJKili n· <.'ouvi<:tion that this building wa
dt·l!l f'IJ,vf'd t..v dy namite with intent to take human
Que ·tion: Tnat i th wn
our )niud i n w f
An w· : '!'hat i th wny 1 hnd it.
'
I i f'•· !
Qu. ti'on: .You think tlr Otn" of y Ul' in rorm
AuswP r·: Yessir.
•
• • • • • •
tiqn on' that coll\•inc• you thnt it wn
a
<iur•st ion: Y!'8, and if the defendant wanted to
· Ans\'v·er: I hought o all th tim ,· unJ
oHiuhlish to your satisfaction that it was done with always con.teud d that that wa whut i wu .
gtu; w·eidentally, Ire would have to introduce some
11 ft rill\
Question : .All yor1 ha \' r ad and h ar
· you in th'at view 7
JII'Oof, wouldn 't he?
AtiSWP I': J[ that is a necessary cl ement in th e case, · . Apswer: Yes sir.
Question: You still b li v it·'
h<' would ha vc to do that.
(~uP s tion:
'J'hf'n if t he District Attorney , in the
Al1swer: I still brlicv it, to a r rtain
L nt. I
JH't•s•· r•f' n t ion of his case against the defendant, did not <·oulcln 't belir\'l' anything , I ; wn stf't anything I
t'I:IIIO\'t• from your mi.11d the heli ef, which is now there, pr·oyen to. me. l e uldn 't b li \'<' 1111ytlting el . thu t it \\'llS don ' hy means of dynamite, you would not
l\rr. Keyes: What is that ausw ,. ( llSW r r<' d.l
,.,., pdr·p 11n,v proo[ on that question from the people,
:\Jr. H animan : You thi.nk that 9pinion is 0 firmly
fixt' d in your· ·mi11d thnt you would h unabl 10 s t
would yun 1
Answ1•r· : T would lw iru.:linr d to hclieYe that the it aside f
.\nswer· ; Wrll , it would lu1vr t o he pt·o.Vt' n otlwt•wi
huildin g was destroyed hy dynamite.
(~n rs t ion: Now, you understand that is the posiQuestion: l<"'r·orn· what you hav lm wn- ft• m whftt
t ion o[ th e Distr·ict Attorney 1
:von have hearcl- hefor·e you c~m. to this courtr·oom1
AnswPt': Yes sir.
wh at you havr rf'ad in th C' 1 a1 <'1'8, yott sny you f 1 that
(~twstion: , And upon that point. you would not r e- :vour. opinion that t he lmilding was hlown up by gt , ·
to diJ.
ptir·p nny pr·oof fr·om the District Attornry, would ~· on ? so fir·mly fixed that it wonld r rqnir<' evid n
n, w r: No.
lodge that opinion ?
Answer: Y rs sir.
• • • • • • •
(~ul'stion: 'l'hrn yon go into the t rial of this case
Question : So :v·on fef'l now th nt this dr f nrl uot '
innocent ?
with J'OUl' mind mad up upon that question ?
Answer: Yes sir.
Ar'tSW' l' : Ye , ir·.
• • • • • • •
Question: And f'Onlrl not pOHHihly lw guilty f
'1:\1<' tion: 'Well you say ~·ou would giY<' h uu a that offense until th e opinion in your mind tl1at if w
rnir· nnd impnrtinl triaL 'l'hnt tatC'ment i also coupled blown up.by gas, is dislodged and another stah1ifdted
with th<' me.ntal rc ervation that you !ian t bi ~ opinion
An \\'er: Yes sir.
whh•h would affect your judament !
Que. tion : 'rh y would hav to p rovl' hit~
An wer: To a certain extent. ye ir.
hevond a r Pa onable doubt!
·An wer : Ye sir.
• • • • • • •
m•. tion: You wouldn t bt.> at i fit.'d. would yon.
QupstiQn: 'Ry establishing thP fart hat tba b
~(r. Hn~h . t o t nk tha
a fact, that the Times ina was blown up by dynamite, and that b . lttul '
buihlin~ wa d troyed by dynamite, from what you
thing to do with it. b for t> you t>ould find him guiJ 1
1'\'ad in tlre ne papers in regard t o the guilt or inAnswer : Y
ir.
1\()('Nll.'t> of tb · d endan t
Question : Thi. opinion that you bav ,
" n. wer : \\..t.>Jl, I.'ODDM-ti:og he deft.>ndant with it. blown np by gas. wonld J!O with you into t
if tlh~ p
l.'ution did t h t. I should take that par of if ¥011 were chosen. would itf
·Answer: Yes sir.
it -~ ~ t lt'd.
T
THE ABOVE .JL'llOR. A DAY IJAOOR"' •
C'IL\.LLE. -GED BY THE M'ATE F Jt JI.AVJ"*G .l
PIXED OPThiON THAT IT W'AS G
Ol1rf,
SUST~ THE CHAI.LEXGE,
J
J;
�The Western Comrade
Industrial Activity Inspiring
(Continued from Page 20)
tht>_,. are contemplating things and
dt>~l ing with facts.
There is no
ehan re for a difference of opinion to
HisP. as some man around that table.
,rill he found who is thoroug}lly
familiar with every question that
aris•·s. and can explain it.
This body makes no rules, for
nJI,•s will not run ·a ranch . Conditions govern, and efforts toward
HH'f't ing conditions are soon dett•nuincd upon.
·
ThP re is no sPmhlanee between
this hody and the Socialist local, as
\\'as suggested . The differ ence is
tlwt th e one is dr aling with mat.. rin l. r onr rct e th ing-s and the ether
ts ha ndling ahstradions.
li•·H I knoll'l edgr r an he gleaned
~·rotll <"losr att endanre on th ese
m•···t ings. Visitors Rrr r cqnr sted to
:ttli' 11d mr rtings of this board and
loy so doing a clearr t· idea of how
a sw•·rssfnl businrss is run. .A millioHni rr r eerntlv snt in th e session
<tlltl ;t fterward · rPmarl<rd tlwt he
did not see how a hnsinrss of this
IIH TIII't' 1'0\llil not Slle('eed wh en SO
PEARSON'S
many men knew how to run it.
is the only Magazine
Halloween was a gala night in
of its kind
Llano and a masquerade was held.
Good times are always in h,appy
This is why:- ·
anticipation, not on!l for local
Three
.years ago Pearson's decided to
celebrations but for the greater and
be a free magazine.
·
. more P!!rmanent happiness in the
not distant future.
.
·T his·is what it did:The annual meeting of the Llano
.
ABANDONED. FANCY C(;)VERS .
del Rio Company proved most in.CUT··OUT ·COLORED PICTURES
teresting and the financial report
_. ,ADOPTED PLAIN PAPER
of Secretary Gentry P . M:cCo'r kle
was r eceived with profound satis- · .T his .wa$ the purpose:fR edon. Aside from the incidental
A plain form· would enable the magexcitement of the election the meetazine to live on its income from subing was d evoid of important inciscriptjons and monthly sales. It
d rnts. The following wer e elect ed
would not-have to consider the effect
dirrctors: Job Harriman, D. J . . on. advertisers when it wanted to print
Wilson, W. A. Engle, Frank · E .
the' truth about any public question.
Wolfe, G.' P. McCorkle, A. F . Snell,
This was. the result:0. W. Luton, G. E. Etherton and
.J . •T. Leslir. Of these the first srvr n
Pearson's nowpriqts the truth about
wer e r c-elrct ed.' In the organiza- . . som~ question which affects your weltion meeting that foll owed, Joh
fare in e-.;:ery issue. It prints [acts
TTnniman wns elect ed President; D.
which no magazine that de,J. Wilson. Vice-President, G. P. l\frpends
on advertising could
Cor·ldr, Srcr ctary, and Frank E .
"afford·· to print.
\Yol fe, Tt·easnrer.
How We Live at Llano
( Continu ed ' rrom Page 21)
h.. t··· as yon do in yom· own pla ces.
\\',. have gt·oups of ft·iends visit
us : \I' P Yisit. thc·m . \\' e ha,•e lately
fot·tn Pd a card club and go to a
tli fl,·n·nt. home each week ; play
•·at·ds for nn hour and a half and
tho·n have some refreshments. consist i.n~ of two things- for instance,
..ofl t•(' and cake, pie and coffee, nuts
and raisins, candy and nnts and
auy othrr romhinations that can be
sern d that will number two. Befort• th e cluh was arranged this
matt 1•r was agreed upon.
ThPn we 1have dances on Saturday r venings. At this function we
dr1·ss up in our best and somehow
01· ot hct· we don't feel a bit emhal'l'assecl. A g-eneral good time
is always had. We r enew our acrpwi ntaneeship with one another
nnd altogether we are exceedingly
fri•· ndly and go home with a feelin~ that an evening has heen well
sp•·n t. At th e dance, usually, \ye
ha1p a good orchestra, composed
of ,·iolin, cornet and piano.
25
Many women worry over the
qnrstion whether th ey will be ahle
to haYe th eir laundry done as in th e
r·ities. This can be answer ed by
saying that our laundry fa cilities
arc not strictly up to date, hnt we
have a r egular laundry outfit, but
it is not as yet set up, hut will soon
he installed and all ldnds of work
will he done and done promptly.
At th e present time a very effi cient
laundry servi.c e is in vogue and
regular family washing is done on
stated days. The hotel laundry is
a regular thing and the single men
have to be looked after in this r egard. So far th ~ re has been very
littl e complaint on this score and
no newcomer need worry particularly ahout this phase of colony
life.
However , it is well to bring your
own washtuhs. hail ers, washboards
and such, so that you can do your
own laundry. Ther e have been
many who left these necessary
things behind, bnt on arri ving here
And, with all this, Pearsons still prints
as much 'fiction and entertainment
articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of pretty
pictures bu)r a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or sub~cribe by
the year for $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can •get botho PEARSON' S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for one year by
sending $1 .50 (the price of
Pearson's alone) to
The Western Comrade
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
WILL TRADE
F:qulty in
Co- opera tive
servt>d. My
st>Pdl <>ss soli,
<!itc h , 62 'h
2r, ncres for your Lla no
s h a res. First com e firs t
land Is choice Thompson
firs t wate r rig ht, c hurc h
cents pe r acre: Sma ll
h ou Re. hnrn. w ell, f en ced , a n d t en
acres in T hompMon sePdless grapes.
H. T . CLARK, Mail Carrier
Kerman, California
�26
The Western
The American Socialist
Official Organ of the
Socialis.t Party of America.
The American Socialist speaks
with authority. ·It is a powerful
news and propaga~da weekly
and is the only paper in ' the
United States · which gives an
account of the official business
of the.Socialist Party.
Every Socialist. Every Student of Socialism should be a subscriber.
Subscription Price
. SO •cents a year.
Th e American Socialist anu The
Western Comrade can be had 'i n
combination for one year by sending $1.25 to
Com rad~
fo und their mistake. )!any time
1'hese meals are indeed· ub tantia
one wish s to wash some article · and <>ood and · ther e i >~ery littl
t hat would be troublesome to have compla int on this score.
done in the laundry.
.
W e hope that thes• -domt- f '
'Phe hom shave lJccu so m·ranaed thiu<ts are omewh.at · deared an
t hat domestic ditches run clo e to would he glad to pla~e our ehe a
them, so that the water que t ion th
eni e of anyone '~i ltin
n ever bothe r· .anyone. ) '{ any r i- furtJ1er information ovedook d o
dents hav water barrel , which forgotten.
. ·
they liT! o casionally, .and ;otller·s
Upon your ·arTiva lliet·e much ,i·il
u sc bags and buckets . .trh is matter depend on yoin· fo rmer exp eriene
is simply a qu e{>tio1J of' ' hoi ce". • For and . ou r· own strength of• char
hot water at home on :wa. h · days, acter. Sohtetimes the tendel"foo
a few ·minUte · 'wi'll suffice to cori- f'r·om the · Ea t be.a r·s the inconren.
struct a tempo rary outdo~r \vash ·: ien ce incidental to the ·pioneerin
fi r·e whic h can:• b e . inade . between
hettet• than those who think ther
walls of brick; and wafe r· h eated h ave r·on ghc l it ii:r th e W et.
.
there. This can he done when tile
'To some small m ishap ar·e PX1ig:
stove is not in worki'ng EH·d er·. · · g,r r·ated into misfortunes :md aeeiFamilies oh nrr·i ving hrrr, ·that d r nts of minor· character · h Pcome
ar·r not aceompanied . hy· their ca lamitil•s. :Jfany w ho w e r e iucon.
hous<'hold good , uspally ' go to t he n;nie n(·l•d hy la ck of housing a few
ho t <'l, wh e r·e rn et11s a Pl' srr·\·ed at · wet>ks ag-o a l'l' uow snngl~r est ah.
(i ::!0 a.m ., 12 noon mrd at :i ::30 p .m.
lis hPd for tlu• winte r.-H. K \\'.
•
THE WESTERN COMRADE
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
" Th e Grea t Work i n g Cl ass D ally"
THE
MILWAUKEE
LEADER
.
0 Unawed
by Influence
a nd Unbribed by Ga i n "
Edll.o1·- Yi etor L . l :H~Pr.
.\ t-; 1-ti~tnn t ~ -.Tam .:! s l lowf", .1\ . 1\-1. S i mflfl~. (l~more SIT•Ith, Thtnnns S. Andi \" W~.
r
.
~r'll f•
.•~ All e r I~ puhl i sh ert
~~ ro n~h o ld of RoclaJism.
;~ rf'alt"s t
\ •'tH
I
hl.
mil~·.
in Amer!f"ll'S
It is the
Eng-liSh Sncialts.t T>nilv in the
1 t i~ n ~t odC'rn 1\ifPtr'opolitan
cnntnlning- lhP JatPs t n f"'i\'S,
Am r• ll~
Its d tstin c tive f ea turPs nre:
SOCIALIST NEWS PAGE, LA ·
BOR "'EWS PAGE, SPORTING
P .'>.GE,
MAGAZINE SECTION ,
WOMAN'S PAGE, EDITORIAL
PA GE.
1'11e nl'iCP of The Leade1· Js 25c per
!unnth: $3.00 pl"r yE-ar·.
C"omblna lio n offer with
The WESTERN COMRADE
Both for
prl<'e of the
one YPR r for ~3. 00 ( the
Mllwnukee Leader alone).
Address:
Circulation Department
923 HigginS Bldg.,
Los Angeles, Calif.
lll
By
J0
H l\
Sight
;\I . W 0 R 1.:
JN
a pr·rvions article l ·pointed into lwlieYing that our troubles art
ou t that it is one of on r great o,.,.,.. ·no not grt the idea that the
tasks to hi·eak do wn a nd d ('stJ:oy path fror n lt e r·e to th P co-operattre
t ht• ''l·on omi<· eonser vat ism in the eon.tmonwt•alth i a smooth and
milllls of t lw IH'oph' , so that t he ir gt•n.tl1• in r lirw.
rninds will hPeomc· rip<' for· So,
I f you do, you will .And yom""eif
t·i;.disrn .
lt•rTihh' mista ken .
\\' r an• d oing it ,·e r·y fast.
011 th e t·ontn1ryj t h Pr·e are moun·
J" th e past t en y ear·s "~e have . tains t o r· lim h, l'l iffs to scale, jun·
ht><'ll a hl t' to scr tliis (•ou srrvat ism, gl<'s to iw n etr·ah~, ri wr·s to ford,
this JH'e.i ndi <·e against Roc•ial ism, a nd wild beasts to oYer·eome, before
g ra duall.v disappL•a r· lwfo r·r our the ![Oa l <·nn Ia• r rn dt r d .
• \\' 1' shn ll seP plenty of r eYcr
•·yes .
We ha n · d <'stroveu at lt>ast half hl'l'or·p ou r finaJ. Yictory.
.\ nd whe n t he r e ,·er ses come, tht
of it in th ese t<'n 'vt•ar s . 1 do not
nr ea n t hat half tire p eople h:we faint-hen rt ed will s neak to 'con r
l·ouw to th e point whrn' they vote as usu al a nd lea,·c thr old guard to
t h e So<·ialis t ti cket. I ll1 l'fl ll that fight th e battles.
at least half t h e p r Pj n<li rr 'has dis.
Hut thr old gn:ll·d constantly ina pprar·ed.
<·n•asPs in numhrrs. The battle
In other· words, th e people of thr will hr fought. All obstnele · will
t :uited 8tHtes ha,·r s wun g at least he O\'t•r·<·onw. The goal will be
half wHy ovrr to Sociali m in the r·Nrelred.
· Th e r·anl\s of the old guard al'f
p a~t ten year s.
1n a f ew more years th e r·est of al"·ays open for· r·e(·rnit_s.
tlw 1wejndice wil.l disapprar and
D on't h r a fair-wcather Sociali .
th ey will swing t hr r·cst of thr way. D o n't lw a faint-hrart. Don 't be
Tlwn tlw ir· min<ls will hr r-ip e for a r r an'n.
Socialism.
.Join th e ohl guar·d and make up
And we wi ll then h aw Socialism. vour· mind that von will be on the
But. do not think t he t ask of flr·ing line in the. thic k of the fight.
h:i tt Pr:ing down th e r emainder of at thr timPs that t1·v 'men's soul .
whrn thr' enemy is in
this p rrjndir~ is going to he easy. as wrll
no n ot a llow yom·self to br foolr<l rPtn•nt.
as
�T k e W e s t e r n ·C o·m r ad e
'27
Kidding An Engine
liB J,idders' club was having
some fun at t lw ex pen e of a
olouist who has th e wisdom of
'olomon. One told a storv about
·Sol's'' reeent joumey to Los An, ~ell·s wher e he purchased for $50 a
'wto rg,vclc of the Yintage of '09', and
ta rtPd hack to Llano crverland.
\ft•·r toiling along with repairs and
nr,;t aid applications, "Rol," ac·cord·u!! to the rcl'ital, marle the top of a
Inn!! grad<>. '\Yith a sigh of r elie f
th•· pilgrim r11ised his ft'ct to a
posit ion of efts<• ·whiiP the ancient
ami asthm11t il' <>nginc ga re a sigh of
n· Ji,·l· and l!!ps<·d into soothing
,ilt•J}l•('.
'1\ro miles and th<· <·oast was at an
··ud .. "Sol'' turn<•d on th ¥ g11s, hut
tu hts flll1ilZt' llH'IIt thcrr wns no
,.,1111ds of th•· phthisind <·ongh of the
wkt- t,,· Pllgint•. Tht•JJ tht• wa~r fareJ'
mad•· thC' startling di~w0\'1' 1'~' that
t,j, ,·nginl' hatl gotJt' adrift and fallen
•'ill of its moorings.
"~ol ' ' toilP<l
'•a•·k n\'1'1' th r gradt• push in g tht• ma··h int· hrfot·r him.
llill'ing thP lt•llin~t ' ·Sol ' ' ,,·or·<· a
•llliJ ,. that ht·spokt• t ht· fa..t h<' hail
tht· hl'ltr J' of th<> nrgumPnt.
.. \\'h;Jt <lid yon do '! " qw·r·.i••tl a
liitldt•i'.
.. \\'p]J. ·· sa id "Sol' ' with n satis:i··d ,. Jn\(·Jd,•. "] go hHt·k up thr hi!!'
pr..t t_,. ma<l . T find th P r nginr aJHl I
:in.! sonw haling- wit·•·· I tir hint
l.;u·k on mHl shr t·nn all right. Run
tinr· down hill. soT ronvinrr n hilldl e
,tiff it's l~t• tt r r to rid P' than walk so
I st·ll him for !j;(i;'i anrl hnm a ride to
-;..,rhn ll nnd rlltt·h fl (•olony nutrhinr
homt•. I only make· fiftr~n dollars
h.1· pu~ hing bllt·k up that hill. But
I sut·r dirl fp('] foolish wh r n that en-.
~ill .. i'P 11 on t. "
~\11d "Rol's " words ratTil'd l'On,·i..tion llS hr smokrd up 011 a nrw
lll'ia nroorl pipr 11ntl tingPrl'd a roll
111' lt·n-rlollllr hills.
No Chance
" I st'<' \\'ht•n a mau rnus for offi,.,.
\,.ha s to pnt himsdf in tht• hc111tls of
hi< ~·t·il'ncls. ' '
"Yt·s. mv tll'flr: ''
"I t' a \\'OIIlHil ran would :h(• ha1·c
h pnt hPrSPif' in tlw hands o[ hr 1·
~-"IIH·n f r·i rnds f ·'
" I su ppose so.'
.. Wt>ll. 1 don't im11 gint> many
om••tt will run. Think of' t11kin g,
l<·h t•hllllC'l'S ~·•
REVOLT
IN MEXICO
- Read the Correct Interpretation of Underlying Motives in the
Most Remarkable and'.Vabjable Book of the Y~ar
The M .exican Peopie-~
Their Strugg'le f~.r Freedom
..-By..
..
L. Gutierrez- de Lara. and Edgcumb. Pinchon
·• :
Eugene V. Debs sa.ys : ·
". •. . • .It is w~itten from the point
of .vi!)w. of the working cla.ss, the tillers of
the soil, the producers of . the w~alth, and
shows that through an· these centuries <?f toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for ti-le one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed ' on the
one hand by the Romari Church and 'o.n the
other by ~.he militar~ po'wer."
•••
Georgia Kotsch sa.y!l :
'' •
•
• It strips the glamor of
hencvolent moti ves from the dealings ~th
Mexico of the Unitea States and other countries and presents the stark truth that
American and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against the proletariat of
Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the ·Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the l\Iexican proletariat Is in greater or
less degree and in varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country."
•••
Publisbed.by DOUBLEDAY,.PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
We will send you this book and The W est ern Comrade for on.e
year fo r $1.7!)
�.
The Wester.n Comrade
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
N9w and then a Ford joke comes
out .so clear and convincing 'that
one can see upon the . surface that
Entered as second-class matter at the
post omce at Los Angeles, Cal.
it is founded on facts. The latest
9.24 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
one of these comes from the Mil.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
waukee Leader :
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
A man applied for a job as a me.
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
chanic and the owner of the garage
Fra nk E. wolfe, Editor
· asked him if he b;ad had any ex..
p erience. "Snre tl).ing, " said the
=
V=o:...:J.= J l==l=--=(=)-r:l""'o=h=e-=r,= =
l9
=1=5====N
= o=.=6
applicant. "Why, I'm the guy who
• u~ed to put' part. No .. 453 on ·an the
Better have fa il ed in the high aim as I,
f
Than vulgarly in th e low aim sncceed
. )(' : <· , *· .
cars in the Ford actory. ''
·
. ."H
.
ow
did
you
. lose ·your J·obt"
A
G d b th k d J do not
s, o
e
an e '
·
A seedy looking individual !lP··
·
-Browning.
h d th
t .
f . f . ht he. w-as asked.
'1< c~
proac e
e cap am ,. 0 .a rel~
"Just a little hard luck, " replied
"SIJOOT to kill !" was the order .~ steamer· and doffing his · cap a 'ked tl}e applicant. "I dropped my
of th e Chief of 'Police- of Los · .
monkey-wrench one day and by the
All gP it·s wh t· n a man had killed a
time I -stopped to pick it up I was
poli<·t· offi t·l' r' wh o had invaded his
16 cars behind. This made the fore.
honw . Tht• hu r and cry of a manman mad . He fired m e and then I
hunt ,,.,ts or1 . Th t• air· J'rel< ed with
got mad and quit the · works. "
t ht· s h ri d's !'or vt•ngefl nee. A country t·onstah!P <·nptured th e man and
H a il to Comrad e H enri Boura
dash <· tl t ht· hoprs of th e city policee(Gtor of LeDevoir ·of Montreal.
mt·n wl1o sou~h t tlw <l end -or-a live
, The acti ity of this one . live wire
rl'\\'a)'() an<l th P hotJ Or of th e hilling.
)1as k ep t the French-Canadians of
Tht· t·a pturt· did not answct· t he d ethe maritime provinces f rom rush-'
nJnntl fo r aetion and blood .
ing madly into the war.. His per·
'f~ro boys, a pparently imbued wi t h
sistent campaign has resulted in
tht• spirit of a·lvPnturc, eharged with
some anti-recruiting riots. The
110 misdt'Ptls,. flrtl fr·om two police
growt h of 'Socialism in E11stern
offit•(• J'S, Eig-ht shots. wer e fir·ed by
,Canada has ' alarmed - the British
tiH· offi<·r rs. One hullet pierced both
Gove rnm~nt, but th e movement i
lads. instantly killing one and fatally
p·o werf ul .and attempts "at suppreswountling thr other.
.
sio.n would he most ill-advi~ed.
" ~hoot to kill! " This is a danger XERT AL CRAFT BEWARE!
ous ordt•J' to gi\'e to the police. It
An indi gnant capitalist of Pasa·
Fren chman to the Pope: !'Betmrans mnrdr1·ons 11ssanlts upon the '
den a 'n-ites us to r emove his 11ame
ter get out of my way, dear
puhli r.
,
Benedi ct. The captain has given
from our c i~cui ation Jist. This acThe pol ir e of Los Angeles arc plllnme stricf orders to fire on all
tion h1·ough t an apology to us from
ninl! a vigot·ons c11mpaign 11gainst
hostile fl ying machines / '
th e hopeful man who -had subL
'
Asino
the 11n r mployed :mny that flocks to
scrihf'd for the magazine in the be·
thP ritv everv fall and we soon shall
lief we migh t get a glimmer of light
han n~orr of the shooting "to kill. "
for a joh. 'l'he captain scrutinized into his fo ggy brain. The apology
thP applica nt hefo1·e speaking.
is misplaced. \Ve were consoled
)(!
" \\'hat experience have you had by the memory of Diogen es TJaer·
S PEAKING of w11r debt. The Wall
St1·r r t Journal says "England as 11 sailor, " he grated.
tius: '' The sun, too, shines into
· " L01· · bless yuh, mate, " came the ef'sspools and i not polluted!' '
pi'OYides for drht. Gl'rmany leaves
i'trady 1·esponse, '.' my father ran
it to Oocl."
\Yr know a 1·ery talentrd, desen ·- ont.• of tlw f11st!'st swan boats in
H ere's 11 . n ggestion for the Los
ing 1but impoverish ed editor who ( \>n tral Parle "
An geles hooste1·s who have p a sed
would likr to nrgotiate a l'ei!SOnable
the hat t o k eep th e San Diego sidelo11n on th r Gr r·man ba sis.
A11 lllinois woman has been sen- show from p1·ematurely closina its
t<"nced to 20,000 days in prison f or gat es : Let's get up a little - emi·
FJ·mw e is sitting on th e lid, but manufH cturing " dope." If this con- Hnnnfll fair t o r ommemorate the frewith inrliffeJ·rilt success. 'l'he truth tinues about a · thous11nd Illinois qn Pnt openings of the Celebra Cllt
hoils and bubbles from beneath and journalists a 1··e liable to a t llrm of in th r P anama Canal.
tr·uth is hm'l'ed in the war zone. two thommnds yt' IIJ'S each fot· a simSunfish Sam- Taking anythin
Th r P11 ris " G11e1T<' Socii! I e. " the . ilat· offense.
for your h ay fpve r ?
.
JJoeti\TP, th r Rappel 11nd the RadiWallie Whale- Yes ; I 'm t aking
" B e i.. a perft•et . tliseiplina rian."
<'al Ill"<' all 1111der susp ension. It
mn st b p g l'rat to h<' an editor in the . " Y <'P; JH' YCI' gin' s 1111 order unless hoxing lessons t o wallop the first
hr 1s de11d sure it " ·ill he oh ey ~d." one who giYes me free advice.
war 7.0ne.
~~
*
A talesman with a very laudable
hope of getting on th ~u.&y: . a famous trial now in progress in Los·
Angeles said he "wou,ld not "believe
any man was an anarchist until it
was · absolutely
proven."
Fair
enough! '\Ve know many mild and
hat·mless philosopher who claim to
he anarchist~or Christians, but a,
lot of them would find it difficult·
, to prove it even to this .talesni;m of
the early eocene. ·
.
'.
.·:
·
* * *
* * *
* *
* * *
�. . 29
The Western Comrade
State and Church
THE people of California arose in
more or less intelligent wrath at
tiw recent election and overwhelm-
ingly defeated a proposition fo exempt church property from taxation.
TJ1e. proposed amendment was ribbed
up with ·the full intent of evading
taxation on minions of dollars worth ·
of income property and land held
out of use. Not only did the Catholic
church seek this but the other deuomin~·ons were equally eager to
get o . from under the ''burden''
of payi g taxes on their· property
holdin s.
·
Of course not much dependence
can be placed on the theory that the
roters were all acting intelligently.
ThP vote was among a dozen other
ne~ativ e votes on proposed amend.
nwnts.
:\Inch of the majority
ag11inst this proposition was a part
of the general, blind protest against
conditions that exist in California
tolhi~·. Ove1·taxation and staggering
nsst•ssnwnts have maddened the peopll' and their vote was largely a result of that condition. The deadenin!! depression of the financial situation. the widespread disemployment
anc! consequent failure of thousands
of small merchants has caused a wail
of despair from the middle class.
This group voted solidly against all
amPndments and among them the
exemption of church taxation.
On the other hand there were
many who r ealized that exemption
from taxation of church proper'ty is
tantamount to state appropriation
from the public funds. There is little inclination on the part of the
people of California to r evert to the
vicious system of state contributions
to religious denominations and private institutions. It will not ·be
done. Despite their seeming somnolence on many matters the people
are educated beyond the point of a
re,·et·sion to such an inconsistency in
what they t hink \s a democratic commonwealth. -H. C.
Ignorance .is the· Great
Curse!
Do you know, for instance, the scientific difference between iove and
passion?
>- .
·
. • Hum~n life is full of hideous exhibits
wre~chedness due to igri'orance of sexual .normality.
.
.·
'
·.' •
·
Stupid, pernicious prudery long has blind~d ·us' sexual truth. Science
was slow in entering thts vitar fteld·: In · recent: years co'mmetcialtsts
eyeing profits have unloaded many unscientific and.·dan'gerous sex,books.·
Now, the world's great scientific ml.nds are dealing wit.h·t.his subject upon
which human· happiness often depends· No Jonger is the subject taboo
among intelligent people.
·
·
·
•or
to
· We take pleaaure_ln offering 'to t be American· public
tlie work of one of the ·world's greatest authorities upon
the question of sexual life. He Ia Aug'uat Fore!, M. D.,
Ph. D., LL. D., of Zurlcli; Swltzerl.and. His book will
open your eyes to yourself and· expla.ln many mysteries.·
You will be better for this kn'owl~dge;
Every profeasional man and woman, those dealing with socl!ll, medical,
criminal, legal, r eligious and educational matters will· lind this book of
immediate value.- Nurses, police officials, heads of .public institutions,
writers, judges, clergymen and teachers are-urged to get this book at once.
The subject is treated from every point of view. The chapter on "love
and other irradiations of the sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex emotions-contraceptive means discussed-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all in domestic relations- A great book by a gre.a t man.
·''The Sexual -Q uestion"
Heretofore sold by subscription, only to physicians. Now offered to
the public. Written in plain terms. Former price $5.5~. . Now sent prepaid for $1 .60. This- is the revised and enlarged Marshall English translation. Send check, money order or stamps.
·Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
General Dealers in Books, Sent on Mail Or(ler
142 West 23rd St., New York, N.Y.
Dawson's .Dermal Cream
Prevents· wrinkle·, softens and beautifies skin. Removes fre.ckles,
tan, moth patches and all discolorations. Greatest beautifier of
the age.
One Ounce Jar 60c Postpaid
The Soul of You
Ho\1' many loved your moment of
glad gr ace
.\nd loved your beauty with love
false or true
Hut one man loved the pilgrim soul
in you
And loYeil. th e sorrows in your r hanging face.
- Y cats. '
Prepared By
DR. ELIZABETH DAWSON
Telephone Home A-4633
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Llano, Calif.
Home A-2003
Main 619
A. J. STEVENS
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Loa Angeles, Cal
Room 514
�The Western Comrade ·
. Scripture For It
Pictures for Propaganda
Shoo~
Capitalism
With a
St~reopticon
Anyon e can lecture with the aid of pictures; the~ tell the
st ory, you point out the moral. Pictures draw a crowd w:h"e re ·
oth er means fail. They make your work doubly effective ..
W e tell you how to get the greatest results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complet e information.
W. SCOTT LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street .
Los Angeles, California
INof talking
practical application.
Socialist or co-operative prin-ciples mie frequ ently finds ·m ost
str enuous opposition froq~ the
theoretic and argumentative
ocialists. The following illustrate :
A group Of colonists w er e _.ta lk.. ing to a rath er ·dogmatic Socialist
' comrade who wa. 'v isiting the
·.' ommtmity and who seemed mu ch
:. ' mor inclin ed to d eal in abstract
:theoi.-ies 'than to · ee the. nlue of
:lppfic8,tions. After an extremely
p edantic and doctrinaire utterance
QD the part of th e visitor David .
Evans, th e qui et est man at Llano,
said·, 'in a:. delightful Scotch brogue:
·" We have to show them. Th ey·
wa1it th e . Scriptures for it. If it
isn t in the . first chapter of K arl
~r arx some of th em r ej ect it.
. Th ey r emind m e of an old Scotchma n · who .had b een a home body.
· H e ·was t11lkin g to a lad just retti·r·i1 ed from a lon g voyage~
" " f ell m e. uoo, ;'Jami e. what was
th e most ·\Y Ond el'ful th ing you saw
wh en at sea?'
·
" ' I think tl~e stt·ang-est t hin g I
sa 11· wa s th e ft .ving-fis)1.'
· ' ' Noo. Jaddi{>, tlinna .m ak ' a fn le .
· v erse!. \\' ha r v er h ra t·d o' a
fusit a Heein '?•
·
.
" ' Anoth ~ r strange thin g I SflW
11·hi• ti . l'!·ossin g the R ed Sea. · \Ye
dropped anchor ~n cl 11·hen' 've
raised it again th er e wa s one of
Phan10h ·s c·hariot entan gled on it.'
"' "\~' · lflddie , ·I 'll heli e,·r th at.
W P ·v e Scripture for that. ' : ·
o.
Cut Y ou·r Fuel Bill
and Get More Heat
l{,v burning- air aud oil in y our •·ook stove, IH·at ct·, rau gc, hoi lc;·
ot· ful'ltHt' l'.
\\"ho would thin!< of running an automobil e on coal or \\·ood ?
Yl'l hundreds of' thousands or p eo pl e toda,v at·e u s i111! l'Oal and
wood to cook \Yith .
If thr t·ailroads of today shou ld takr off th eir oil-hurniu g
lo•·onwtins and t·epl al·C th em w·ith th e old st,vl e soft coa l engim·s.
th r in effi'e it•n ey of the old cu gi n rs w ou ld ra use a great deal of
d issatisfactiou.
·
\\'hv do vou t·ontinut• to 11se tht• old ind'f'iticnt m ethods fo t·
ht·at iHg and ~·ook ing 'I
Burn Air and Oil
Tlu· I.
~- L . oil hurn ct• forms a gas that burns w.i th an (' X(l'l' lllt'
brat. Thl· t·ost of fu el is t> Xtt·emely low, ranging fro m three cen ts
gallon and up .
The installation is,also simple, and th e pt·in eipl e of operati on
is nndt•i·stood 11t sight.
For rurthPr partieuhii'S and pritt' list of humt;I'S addl'l'SS
]H'l'
Llano del Rio Company
Mail Ord er Department
923 HIGGI 1 S BLDG.
LOS ANGELES. CAL.
Territory open for liv e agents
•
Murder For Profit ·
NJ ~ET_EEN gids w er e murdered
m P1ttsbUJ'g (home of th e steel
trust ), wh en rotting tit·e esca pe,
ha !Ted \\·indows :wd lock ed door
hrought d eath to th e work ers in a
r;idory .tl1 er e. Th e steel trust wa ~
so ove rco me with hon·or over one
holocllUSt wh ere twentv-one men
lost th eit· ·li,·es that it · h as spent
huu clt·eds of th ousands of dol)ar"
p rosec utin g and p e rsecutin g memIH'I'S of fl certain labor ot·ganiza-.
ti on. \Yill th er e be similar actiYit irs in th e c11se of the button fac·
tor~' g-irl s? X o, H enri etta, th ere
""ill n ot. 'l'l1is crime is on e of
•·apit11lism. Tlw other \\·a · one
th11t eould ht> ffl :rrtened ont o Labor.
Tlw strel tru . t is not playing that
sort of game.
�T h e W e s t e r n C om r-a d e
31
Llano del Rio Co-operative
L 1a n o, ,C a 1if or n i a
is t he grea test Community Enterprise ever laun"C!ied
T HIInS America
.
.
The colon y was founded by Job Harriman and is situated
In the beau ti ful Antelo pe Valley, Lo.ll Angeles County, Californ ia, a fe w h6u rs' rid e from Los Angeles. The community
is sol vin g the problem of disem ployrnent a!Jd business failure,
and ofl'ers a wa y to provide for the future welfare of the
workers and th e ir families.
·
Here is a n example of co-operation in action. Llano del
Rio Colon y is a n ent erprise uniqu e in the history of com.mu nlty groups.
Some of th e a ims of the colony a re : To solve the problem
of un em ploy ment by providing steady employment for the
wor kers; to ass ure safety and comfort for the future and for
old age; to guarant ee education for the children in the best
schoo l und e r person a l supervision, and to provide a social
life a mid s urroundin gs bette r than , can be found in the comI!P I it il·e worl d.
Some of th es e a im s have been ca rried out during the
year s in ce th e colo ny bega n to work out the problems that
confro nt pion ee rs . There a r e a bout 600 persons living at
th•• new 1own of Ll ano. Th ere are now more than 170
· Jlll lli ls in th e sc hool s, and se ve ral hundreds are expected to be
enro ll ed be fore a year shall hav e passed. Plans are under
way for a sc hoo l buildin g, whi ch will cost several thousand
doll a rs. Th e bonds ha Ye been voted and sold and there is
noth in g to delay th e building.
Sc hool s ha ve ope ned for th e fa ll t erm with classes ranging
from th e Montessori a nd kindergarten grades through the
Inte rm edi a te whi ch in clud es the first year In high school.
This gi Yes the pupil s a n opportunity to take advanced subjP<· t~ . in cludin l': lan g ua ~es in th e colony school.
The colony owns a fin e herd of about 100 h ead of Jersey
and Holst e in dairy cattl e and Is turning out a la rge amount
oi !la ir )' produ ct s. Th ere Is st eady demand for our output.
T h<? re a re ove r 200 hogs in th e pens , and among th em a
luge number of good brood sqws. This department will be
girc n spec ial attention and ranks high in importance.
The c·olony h as se ,·enty- fiv e work horses, a large tractor,
two t r uc ks and a numb er of automobiles. The poultry depat·t ment has 2000 egg- making birds , some of them blu e
rihilon pri ze winn er s. This departm ent, as all oth ers. is in the
cha rge of a n expert and it will expand rapidly.
The re are several hundred hares in the rabbitry and the
manager of the de partm ent says ' th e arrivals are in startling
number s.
The re are about 11,000 grape cuttings In the ground and
thousand s of de cidt:ous fruit and shade trees in 'the colony
nursery. This de!)a rtment is being steadily extended.
The commtmity owns several hundred colonies of bees
which are prod\l cing honey. This department will be inrrl'ased to seve ral t housands. S everal tons of honey are on
band.
Amon g other industries the colony owns a steam laundry,
a planing mill, a printing plant, a machine shop, a soil an&l)·sts laboratory, and a number of other productive plants
are conte mplated, among them a cannery, a tannery, an Ice
plant , a shoe fa ctory, knitting and weaving plant, a motion
Pictu re company and fa ctory. All of this machinery is not
rl'l set up o wing to t he stress of handling crops.
The colonists are far ming on a lar.ge scale with the use
ot modern machine ry, using scientific sys.t em and tried
lll~thods .
. ,~
No more commissions will be paid for the sale of memberships or stock in the Llano del Rio Community. Every
installment member should be a worker to secure new
members.
'
Xb·o ut 120 acres of g_arden ··was planted this year. The results have been most gratifymg.
Social life. ln the ~olony- 'ts most delightful. Entertainments and. dances are, regulariy established functions. Baseball; basltet-bB.li:' tennis. swi=ing, fishing, hunting and &II
other sports and pastimes ·are. popular with all ages.
·
.
'
Several hu'tldred· acre~, are now in altalfa, which Is expected to run siJ!: cuttings of heavy hay this season. There
are two producing ·OrchllJ'dS and about fifty-five acres of
young pear trees. Several hundred acres will be planted In
pears and apples next ye~r.
·Six hundred and forty · acres have been set aside for a
site for a city. The building department Is making bricks
for the constru.ctton of hundreds of homes. The city will
be the only one ·of Its kind In the world. It will be built
with the end of being beautitul and utilitarian.
Th ere are 1000 memberships fn the colony and over 800
of them a re suliscrihed for : lt Is believed that the remainder
will be taken wlthl.n the. next fe:w months.
The broadest demo.cracy. prevails lu the manage~ent of
the colony. There is a · directorate of nine, elected by the
stockholders, and a community commission of ·nine, elected
by the General Assembly-all persons over 18 voting. Absolute equality prevails in every respect. The ultimate population of this colony will be between 5000 and '6000 persone.
The colony is organized as a. corporation under the laws
of California. The capitalization is·$2,000,000. One thousand
members are provided for. Each shareholder agrees to subscribe for 2000 shares of stock.
Earh pays cash ($750) for 750 shares. This will be Increased to $1000 within a few months.
De ferred payments on the remaining 1250 shares are made
by deducting one dollar per day (or more, 'If the member
wish es to pay more rapidly) from the $4 wage of the colonist .
Out of the remaining $3 a day, the colonist gets the necess ities and comforts of life.
·
•
The balance remaining to the Individual credit or the
colonist may be drawn In cash out of the net proceeds of
the enterprise.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn In cash.
Continuous employment is J)rovlded, and vacations arranged as may be desired ·by the colonist.
Each member holds an equal number of shares of stock
as every c :her shareholder.
Each member receives the same wage as every other
member.
In case anyone desires · to leave the colony his share&
and accumulated fund may be sold at any time.
Are you tired of the competitive world.?
Do you want to get Into a position where every ho::r'a
work will be for yourself and your famlly? Do you want
assurance of employment and proviRions for the future? Ask
for the booklet entitled: "The Gateway to Freedom ." Subscribe for The Western Comrade ($1.1}0 per year) , and keep
posted on the progress of the colony. Ask about our monthly
paym ent Installment m embersh ip.
·
Address LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, 92-i Higgins buflding, Los Angeles, California.
�Victory For Toilers
Co'!' operation Proves Success ·
-·
Great .care i!! be~g taken in the selection
wonderful _demonstration of success m of the · colonists. .If· you are tired oi the
their effort to put a great theory into prac-. up...J:i.iH fi.ght 'in 'tne cut:throat competitive
tise. H ere a group of theorists with practi- system you should in-v estigate the Llano· del
cal ideas back uf them b{lve established a R.io enterprise. ):ou will find that a great
community founded on e{Juality and jus- opportunity awaits YOl]- there. This com.• . munity is not com-.
and
hav~
tice
made great er pro- .-----------~------~~----------~ posed of failures,
but rather from
gress in a Y,ear
those .who have
and a half than
their most cheerachieved a great
ful optimist had
mea.Sur e of sue~
cess. · Many of
hoped to achieve
them ·scorned the
in several years.
They have nearly
idea of success
8000 act·es of land,
when it meant the
an abundan ce of
crushing down of
pm·e mountain watheir fellow man.
ter and hundreds
Here is gathered a
. group of earnest; ·
of heads of live
stock and a large
enthusiastic men
A J ersey of th e Da iry Herd
amount of indus- .
and women who
trial maehinery. They have established a who are going ahead · with earnestness
town of 600 inhabitants ~nd are growing and detem1ination that insures a · sricrapidly. Their plans contemplate a beau- eess that mea,ns a great demonst ration of the
tiful city ~ith homes for all th eir members. Yalue of co-operative action. You are urged
There are less than 200 memberships remain- to read the stories abou.t the colony printed
ing unsold and these are being subscribed for in this magazine. Read announcement on
every day. The price of membersh ips will page 31, and take immediate steps to seremain at $750 for a short time, then it will eure a membership. Ask about our monthly
go to $1000.
payment. plan.
L LANO DEL RIO .Colonists have made a
"Modern society conducts its affairs under circumstances which
create and maintain an ever Increasing burden on all humanity. Man
sustained In youth by the Illusion that ability or good fortune wiil
ultimately r~rd him with happiness through material success, lea.r ns
sooner or lat , that no peace can be his until the unmoral conditions
of commercia m and industrial competition are removed.".- From
the Community Constitution.
·
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
Membership Department
924 Higgins Building ·
Los Angeles, California
-
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-10
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-10
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n06_191510
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2018-07-23
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n06
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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Fantacism in the Socialist Party -- Job Harriman
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2ec18fd14195bd16baf165dfbd5b46bb.pdf
ed845040c3fe5e5076b8666ae40e1ca1
PDF Text
Text
�ELKS KIN
BOOTS.and SHOES
-Factory ·operated In: connection
~with LLANO ·D EL Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch .boots .$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch 'boots. 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes. . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . . . ........ . 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 .. . .......... 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8'12 to 11 . .. .. .. .. 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11'12 to 2 . ..... .. . 2.50
Place atocklng foot on
paper", dl"awlng pencil
uound aa pel" above IIluatl"atlon. Pau tape
ai"Ound at linea without dl"awlng tight. Give
alze usually wol"n.
IDEAL_-- FOOTWEAR
For Ranche -r s·· a:nd Outdoor Men
.
..
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men 1s
and children's button or la~e in light·
handsome patterns to the high boots for
- mountain, hunting, ranching or desert ·wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of tovm shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano· del Rio Cotnpany ·
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�~~~
I
I
co
Leo Tolatoy.
Drawn by
TS
Wm.
R. 'Walker ......•...... CoYer
Facts and ' Comment. By Frank E. Wolfe ... : ..... Pa~e
Third Circle of Might
I fL....,...- - - - - . - !
By .Morgan
5
mith ......... Page 9
Hell For Its Makers. By Frank H. \yare ....... .. . Page 1t
Busting the Iron Law.
By George Cantrell ... : .... Page ,1 3
Where Is the Home ? By Irwin Tucker .. ·.......... Page 14
By Mary \\' hite
Ovington ......... . ........ ... : ......... : ... Page 14
Mary Phagan Passes Judgment.
Community .Grows in Power. By R. K. Williams .. Page 15
Industrial Activity at Llano del Rio Community .·.· Page iS
Earth Is Enough (Poem).
By Edwin Markh.am .: . Page 20
Our Wonderful School .................... :.' ... . . Page 21
A Remarkable Prediction. By Count Leo Tolstoy .. Page 22
Peace or War? By A. E. Br iggs ....... .. ......... Page 22
Speak, What Think Ye of the War ? (Poem) . . By
E rnest Desland . .... .. . .. . . .. ... . . .. . ....... Page 23
Picturing Our Hero ..... .. •. .. ... . .. . ..... ... ... . Page 23.
Rights vs. Power ....... . .......... .... ......... . Page 26
Should Sanity .Strike?
By Albert A..James ....... Page 29
CARTOONS
War's Stupendous Cost ........ . .. . ........... 1-'rontlsplece
Jum-Jum, the Wild Man .......... ... ............ Page
G
... ... ................ . .. . ... Page
7
Gimme Blood! '' ................ Page
9
AYearof .War ....
"Blood!
Blood !
~
Kreuziand, Kreuzland Ueber Alles ! . .. .. .. ...... . .. Page 11
At One Gu,ip .. .... ... ......... . ... . ... . ... . .•. .. . Page 13
When the Welsh Miners Came Up Out of the
•Ground ... .... .... ......... ................. Page 28
�.War's Stupendous Cost
I
i
(·.
t~
{:.f.
.)
::)•
i~
. (
..
'\\ ' ,
:
·~
j' .
.·.; : j., .: . ''
.
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To the Last Farthing
�THE
0
---------------------------------Political Action
VOL. III
Devoted
to
the
CauM
of
the
Co-· operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., SEPTEMBER. 1915
AI Fresco Dinner.
AD
Wortcen
Direct Actl.o n
NUMBER 5
All of the Food Produced bv Ll?.no del Rio Community
FACTS AND COMMENT.
By F r a n k E. W o I f e
A
Y E.\H and u h:rll' ago a woman, who had all Plldt•tl some of th e first st>ssions of the 1ndu~trinl Ht•lation~ Commission, mad!' a pn•di..tion
tlt:•t 1nts ht•t•t: most wnll<krfully fulfilled:
· ·out of this ii,,·,•sti;ration will t'Ome somt> fllrl'!';~dt\np: t' Psults. ThP pt·rsonnl'l of the c-ommission
is pont·. From .] im Comwll to Harris ·w t>i nstoek.
lahnt· may \'i!'\\' tltt• lllltk<>up with suspieion. But
thPrP is Frank 1'. \\';tl·dt a nt.l Basil ::\Tanlcy. and tht•SP
11wn will pt't'\'t•nt tht• t'Ommission from prm·ing 11
f11r•·•·.. W a Ish has t hr potNlt i11lity and fparlPSSIH'. s: he
\\' ill lrat·n murh, and will hroarlen as he learns and
in tht> finnl he will <'mt>rge as a ehampion of the
workt'rs ...
\\'a lslt has made good and !\l anlt·.v hm; madt• good .
1\s fot· ( 'o nrwll--wrll, h e is "Buttonhole .Jim," seeone] ,-it·P·pt·PsidPilt of thP A. F. of l;. Bot·ed to
distradion. int!'rt•stPd in only a ft•w things--tht•
milil ia of ( 'lu·ist and the welfart• of the pan tiff.
''" Pinst •wk. ( .\lt·s. ·1 Harriman all(] ( 'ommonR m:..y
mak ... 11ll the side rt•pot·ts tl11;y (•an wr·it(•, hut th e
n·a I r('po rt of \\' alsh and ~~ anlt•y muRt IH' JH'int<>tl
and !!iYt•n the widest <·ir••ulation.
'Yalsh has done a grea t work in bringing out with
,-i\·id d<•llrut>ss the e l~ss war in Americ·a. \\' ith the
work <>rs 110\1' lies the r<•spon.sibility of s<>eing tit at
the rt•port is marl•· a ~;t rong weapon for the re,·o.
Jut ion .
Xow writ e to your Congressman and urge him
,.
�The Western Comrade
6
(11 usf· his f•tforts to !!t•t the W alsh r eport printed
<t t.d distr·ihuted.
T
EX .\S c-itizens rt·<·c·ntly hnl'nPd a negro aliYe
in~
puhlic square &nd on the same day an Illinois
sl11·riff succeeded, only after great difficq,lty, in saYing a prisoner from lyndti'ng. Th e spirit of mob
murd!'r is not c·ontined to th e Southern States. On
the· l'flltlrary, th f• re nrc• many instan ce~ to show tha t
t l1 is dis<·as<· is nut loc·a lizt>d or g(•ogt·Hphiral.
Lyn c·hings in tltP l ' nitNI States arc decreasing
<IIlii th t• more a ror·ious tortures :ue fewer than in
l'onnPr _YI'ars. Thcrr <! I'!' e \·idPnccs that we a re lett iu~ thP :IJH' a nd tlw ti~~"'' die and that ther·c a rc
1110rc· hnrnarH· instinc-ts th:111 of yor·e. In commentin~ on this, Olll' moralists arc always sure to hring
i 11 t hP ' lwrrors of t·om plaeent disregani' fot· th e law.
To thf'm lllllr·drr 1111drr th e law is at worst a " deplorHh lr n ceess it~'-" They do not see that. cold blood
lc·)!alizPfl strau)!liug is mor·c• t·pprelwnsihlc than the
moh mmdrrs committed in sudclen h eat following
S<llll<' madch·ning l'rime against a woman.
At this ho11r, when thousands of men and women
arP PXrrt in~r every eff01·t to hring, through th e initiati\'e, the a bolition of legal killings, our eold
hlood<·d vi c·;11·ions prison lync· hing-s arl' wholly unpardouahlc.
W
1
aftt'r death by deliberately planning a cold-blooded
murder. Could there he a more absurd anachronism?
Depriwd of every right Georgia women are brutally
exploitea, but are giwn a .'·squar e deal "-if they
happen to be white women-after they ha Ye been
. assaulted by their exploiter .
Are the Georgia women who work in the fa ctories and . fields giYen a square deal ? Was thert>
eYer a p·rotest f r9m our c·hi,·alrie friends when the
![iris in the p encil fac·tor~· where ~T:uy Phagan
worked were forc ed to totl bodyracking honrs on
m isPt·ahl e pay ? '\Yas there any talk of fa it· pht~· for
~Tary Phag-an, aliYc, l!tHlrrpaid and OYerworkcd? Is
thc're any "square deal· · for th e y01ing g-iris whose
lin' s are gro11nd out in th!' c·otton mills of Georgia ?
Is thc•rc• a . sqnarr> dral for the hla rk " ·omen of
* * *
E ha\'e lwen eallcd to account by a gentleman
from Geor gia who resented the statement
print r d in this !'Olumn that "as to the blood guilt
of the propl c of that state there is no shadow of
llonbt. " He plracled extrnuatin g ci rcumstances. In
a voirc so riC'h and mellifluous that one sensed in
hncl< of it thr flo w of <l black mammy 's milk, th e
young man saicl:
" '\Vr n rl' mu ch misjudged. In Georgia om·
wonll'll ha\'r. J rrc:kon, lrss political rights than in
:wy oti H' l' statr. ~Ire can't (knint ) vote; she has no
]('!!Ill right to makr a will ; she may not dispose of
prorwt·t~·; he has no contt·ol over her childreu-in
fllc-t 110 legal stanclin g at all. I think that's why we
hrlieYc in g'iYin g them a square deal. "
The squarr dral is, Hpparently, given to some
- X ~w
Y ork C"all
�The Western Comrade
. 7
Georgia ? Do the tens of thousands of mulatto children of that and other southern states bespeak a
squar·e 1leal for the white wives and sweethearts of
the <·hindri<· gentlemen of Jawjy?
We do not mean to be harsh and unjust. Neither
have we any grudge against Georgia. We plainly .
:tnd frankly plead guilty to equally cold-bl~oded
l,vrwhings in ('a]ifornia as those of Georgia and Mississippi. ~iJI(·p we printed the former ar-ticle on this
su hjl'd WP str·angled a man at Folsom penitentiary.
Our mul'd t·r was a~ studied and cold as that of the
nth .. r moh that strung up a weak, wounded and
-;ha<-lded man nrar Atlanta. The difference is in
tht· dt•gn•t• of our hypoerisy.
ln California we try, at least, to give women
politi('a] and lega l equal ity. ln her· proud possession
of lwr Yote th e Califomia woman follow.s her Christ inn pastor· to th e p clls and votes to continue legal
lynt·hing in California .
\\' t· arP. howr,·cr·, in a measu re, getting away
from til t> •·oln\'C•hhy maz!' of sophistries of our Georgia
hrotlwn-; who prat!' about r hivalry and a square deal.
"C
AHDS arc out-- '' nice, smug, society talk.
Canis are out . for a function at the l<,olsom
nPnitrntiary. California is about t o perform anotller· mnl'(ler ani! this time we shall try to break
into l\1 iso;issippi 's rlass by mal<ing an "OPcasion."
~t'W!;papPrs dPs<·rihc thr official iuvitatons for th e
l'Xecution of the court's sentence on th e person of
l>aYid Fountain ~~~ "neatly PngTa,·ed <·a r·ds with
hiM·k hor(](• r·s. '· \\' c a r e not told whether there will
he an ~· f r·ird chil'k<'n, wa te r•mp)un or· a ny of the frilly
thing-s that maiiP th e Starkville fnnrtion such a pronou nt•rd SlH't·t>ss.
S O<'IALlST~
1
who Il l'!' ~iven to d ebating questions of th t' da~' lun·e lwen sel'king a foil fo r th !'
s11h.it>d. "Dor · Lahor want an l'ight-hour day ?"
\\"p \\·ould likt> tlw n<'!{atiH side if we Pou!d
gort 1111 int!'!h•et nal Ilem·y of the craft union type to
ad as a fo il.
): ('I ~· pi ~ 1f Ia hor wants an Pig-ht-hom· day OJ'
auythin).! 1'1." in the w11y of . hortrr hour·s. 01· hettPr
A Yi•;A J{.
rw
Uncle Sam: "Hully gee!
canned m eat out of that!"
·-L
<·ouditions it would
· . -:~quP II R
~Pt
vV AR
I could make swell
d€' Ia 'J'orratxa, Barcelona
it without l1esitation or
tl<'la~· ·
Labor in Califomia did not want an eight-hour .
day \\·hen it Yoted al{ainst- or failed to vote for the
initiative measure at the last state election. 'fhe
nr·t was initiatrd by the Socialists of the state.
Shamed into action and goaded on by the activity
of ~oeialists who are also trade unionists, organized
lnhor· pas rJ resolutions and gave half-hearted
"moral" support. 'I' he hrunt of the fight was ear·
rit•d by Thomas W. Williams, state secretary of the
~ocialist P a r·ty, and he made every dime that came
in look likr a douhle eagle to the plutocratic power
that fought him . It was an opportun ity of a gen-
�The Western Comrade
8
cr·ation. The measure was called reYolutionary. It
waR not, hut it was a tremendous step ahead. :Nothing could have clearer demonstrated the mudtty
twain of the toiler than the result of that election.
Thr mor·r barefaced the lies of the press agents of
the· lahor·-hating organization the greater the eagerll<'ss of the~ small farmer and the farm hand and th e
s tupid city Jn(•c:hanics to defeat the. eight-hour
initiative.
A ":\
Pntc•rpr·isin({ imbecile of '" atts, Californiaa suhul'll of Lo;<; Angeles that is made thP butt
of many c·oar·sc· jokc•s-cr·eated a tremendous sensation in c!Hily nc·wspaper <"irdes by springi-ng an "edit inn " of 2000 w:tr PXtras one bright. Sunday morninv. 'l'h" sc·ar·Phead in high black wood type annorliH'I'cl thl' "English Navy Sunk!'' Tlw fake was
t·h•·ap, silly nne! obvious, hut. the puhli<: has hl'cn
··duc·nf<'d to hig-h hladdace type and shr·icking annnrrnc·c·nwnts <;O it honght and read and hrlil'ved a
story so fc•arf'ully nncl wonderfully wrought that it
plainl.v was of' sqnirrrl-housr. production. The
f'11nll~' f'paturr w:rs tlw SC]lHt\\·k of indignation from
t he• r·c•uular· daily pr·pss. 1t dl·rnalld ed anrst and imprisonmc>nt oft Ire faker. _'I'IH' Vvatts genius had only
o\·P rplH~'('cl thrir· g-nmr. Tht•y haYe hecn faking in
1'\'Pr·y l'dition hut their· fr·aurls at'<' nea!ly roYer·ed
with c·n•tlit. lirws of m•ws llg'<'ncies. Jt is the samC? old
story ot' the Jq~ality Rllc.l momlity of organized
eheP.ting ani! th P 11ttrr outlawry of the individual
\\'ho takt•5; a p lnng-t' into the nasty game.
;{'
T
""
~li
llE 'tate Hailway Commission has issued an
order suspending the new law prohibiting
otiH•r·s than regulat·ly authorized telegraphers and
station agents from rPeeiving and deliYering train
ortlers. Tlw mNtsur·e was calculated to safeguard
tlw liYes of pnssengt•r·s and trainmen. A a ·• Lahor
ml>-asm·e ·' it ·w as v~t luable in that it pre,·ented the
po sibility of tt·ninmen with a smattering of knowledge of the t elegraph code and a craft union idea
from handling orders and scabbing on the operators
in c•nse of strikes. The railroad magnate found a
llirt'(•t ronte to nullify an obnoxious law. Again for
the thousandth time are achie,·ements by political
action natched from the worker before any benefit
is d~rived. . Are -our masters mad, that they tak~
those long chances of destroying our hope of libet·ation by peacefu~ means?
E
VEN as the Jtalian .:ociali ts held down the lid
Tor · a ye,a r, so are our comr·ade · in S"·eden
F:t!'nggl~ng w'ith that part of eapitalisrn that pt•of'its
most hy war·. En•ry r•ffort is heing exerted by Germany to !!l't tl1e northern country inYoln•tl.
Tlw militP. ry pRrt in Sweden is eomposcd or ambitious of'ficcr·s a11d repr·escntatives of t·he hig- fi nant·ial intPJ'l'Sts. All the militar·ists of Swt>den arc
of thP GPrmau sc;hool; th<•y ar·c tnrirwd along Gerrnan linPs and they are in full sympathy with the
Kaiser iu the struggle.
lf the ~ocia llsts of Swl'den can pr·e,·ent war it
wil l hP a h1g \'ic·tory for dcmocra ry and a lon g step
tO\\' a rd Soria I ist suc.:cc•ss.
W
HAT arc yo~r reading 1 "\r·e you getting misinfor·mation from the daily organs of plutocrac·.v and tr·ying vainly to disc:ount the editorial lies
and distorted " news'' ·i t.ems ~ You can 't do it. It
takes years of tt·aining to Pnahle one ~o pick out the
thin 1hread of trnth that is interwoven in the f:lbrie
made• of the waqJ of stock sophistr·ies and woof o[
harrfal'l'd falsehoods whcrHPr the interc·st!'! of the
ruling class arc at stake. Do you read the Amrrican
~oc.:ialist 9 lf you do not• you are losing muc·h. 1f
~· ou miss a cepy of Pearson ·s )[agazinc you c-annot
kec•p ahreast of the national n ews f rom the standpoint of rebel" who arc unafraid. There are scores
of Ji,·e Sol'ialist weeklies that are d evoted to con-,;tructin• propaganda. They carry news of the day
in sueh form that the workers may read and not be
clc-cei,-ecl. Do you read th e New York Daily CalH
One Runday edition is worth a year 's subscription.
The )filwaukee Daily Lead~r is keen and snappy and
l'aJTies a splendid editorial page. In order that the
J'(':!dPrs of the W !'stern Comrade may ha\'e at least
two of th(' hest publications in America we have
mad!' mo. t arh·antageous combination offers.
�T
e West r
Ce
rad
.T hird Cir cle of
By
OR G
(!!]
M.
JOHT is a railroad train-with o many
Htops and 111,1ch and such tum-outs _and
a certain course to be run in a certain
~ time. We must not be playing block .
with llight, and Might must not be pluying dolls with us. This is no playing
- matter. Science has fixed a day when
liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:ll w • are going to be waiting for Might
al 11H· laHt 11tation on the line; Might must be on
l im1• or humaJJily will suffer the fate ~f the mastodons.
That .\light iH eapahlc of being entrust ed with any
Hlli·h ,johH ~~~ saving- t he H uman Race .without the assistarw · of it~ old side-partner, Right, has occu rred
only l O Sl f1•W, and thcsp J\•w kep t it and fheir st anding
iu t ltP c·ommunity to t lwmsclves. When it comes t o
" al'i n!( t lt i nl!s t h .. pop ula r conception of the savers
hns IH·i·ll n 1t•arrL ol' t wo tlesccndants of P egasus scaml"'r'in l{ alou !{ t ht• ohstadP race of life-l\Iight on one
Hid1• a nd Hi"ht orr t hP other·. Th ey ha ve been made
.vo i<P-mll ll'i'i in l'Ver·.v important undertaking.
And wh1·11 ~ li g- ht and Ri ght got sta rted any wh ere
lllt co " 'Otlld J H' r ' JW iuall~· lw ,just out of sight around the
<'O I'IH'I' nhl':lll 11nd t ht• oth er· ,joggin g bac k along the
roud t o fi ntl h im. YPt the people kept patiently on
I'I'Jlll il·in !! hr·t•H ks in th l' impossible harness and hunti ng up Hi ~X ht so th11 t. he and Might would be sure to
~ ti1• k in t ht• I:>U lllll road. " f,!"nvc 'em alone," they said,
'' 11 1111 th r y 'Jl get .somewh et'<' ot· ot her , r aising a cloud
ol' du t-:t h1' hind 1hr m. '
But th r y didu 't .
That t h!'r'e is <;nch n thing somewher e as positive
111111 Ull\'fll'~' i n g Ri:zht. nohouy doubt. . But wh en we
st•ir.<' it nml hold it d own and sit on it long enough
to nut kl' h 11wing-s o f it, we will fi nd that it, above all
othl'l' t hings. is n. t hing t hat will work. It will be
l'ffit•h•nt. It will h l\Iighty, and, between you and
nw, \\'t' will re<'ognize in it a tra ngc re emblance to our
old frit'ml ) fight.
'1'ht' Inn~ d~·na. t~· of Right, though po ·
ing almnrkt•d fmuil:'' I'(' !"lllblanee , ha. had multifarious di~uifh>d vngari . It could appear to be almo t
lW,.\'thin~ 11t all. Rel'ordiug to tlte light it tood in. It
h~1. nt>wr •~'n 1.'1 e t-nou 15 h to permit a real good look.
• w. )light, w!tatev r e-l it bortcomings might
ho', IM at h'a 't alwa~ IM-t"u of tangible tuff. lligh
is uo alwa~ ju out of · bt around be eorner. It
i" th :or\' ~u h tim.~, and may be mea red, photo-
"''t' ,.
'!f'l\lllt'd,
ulted or
upon.
ampered-Ri
md
~r and the
('Q}l
th ~·
h3'\:
:and lligb : one
er buntin ba.:!k
S
•
tg
I TH
along the wa. .
n
been rid of tbe other. Present
n
of them. It a tually d.ropp d out.
be-en tini\:Potted.
If tb fnti!it. · of a ompli,hin purp
thr n b
th-e aaeney of tlle chim~ra., Right· ' e ta li h d w
must di n~ t U1e- oth r Iiaht of all tlr a e-) ng lmrne .. of it v~1ilom runnin g mate.
J'igbt ha nl ·n
ht'en eount'Eman ed .only o fnr n it wa Wl\l'l'tUll• d
"BLOOD! BLOOD !
Oll\1 M 1~
B L OD l"
- New Ym·k
'all
hy the pre\'a iling conception of Right. Let us, now,
in om· intelligent devci.opmcnt of Might, r •tuiu only
at all times that p art t hat works and Jet us threw the
ot her parts away Rome place. Since Hcience has fur.
nished us with an ohjcctiv •, let uH rwt ourHclv 11 to
discover what parts of Might arc calculated to arrive
on t ime at that last station on the line.
The first thing must be a treaty of some wrt witb
)light. llight has had it Hhortc;omingH, Hur Jy, but
humanity bas never been rea1ly on the exad lev 1
either. Just because it was a tangible bing and und •r
our control, we have bandied poor lfigbt around frm
pillar to post everJ:u~ting]y sinee the daytJ when light
used to dictate the position of our tbumJJt.
Ugt:rt u
ju ·t now ha\·iog the one hearty laugh o( ihl ear l'l'
and ems thorou hJy imbued witiJ our i«Lla of true
port. We may have stuffed lligbt intb erowded qwu'·
e in a bottle: we may have furn it limb fro limb
and put it together so oddly that it etmldn't re«~ ' u
If: we ~Y hav
two forees of f'
to 4
�The Weste1'n Comr ·a de
10
ing each other while we ~ent behind .s omething and
snickered ; but, just now, the laugh is on us, 'tis true.
Through the first two sta,.ges of the evolution of
~fight we have turned that original dictator of thumbs
from our enemy to our friend and then · into our playmatr. It cannot be our enemy during the next stage,
even if it would. It must not be our playmate, because the third circle of Might is no playing ~atter.
Hailroads have divisional poin where a train may
pamle, hook up to a different engine, take· on a different
kind of fuel, p er·ha ps, a nd generally hitch up its trous(•r·s Hnd take a look around. These divisiOnal points
ar·<· loeated wh err ('Onditions of travel change.
As I say , Might is a railroad train . .~ Along the
cour·s<! we hnma us have run there have been changes
in conditions of tr·avcl. ,Just because one kind of
mi g ht <·ottld he rclj l'd on to get us to one place w e
did not r r ly on it to get u~ to another.
Tht• phy si<·al cni!ilH' was for Existence.
On<·<' gairwd, we <·hanged engines.
The mental engine was for Supremacy.
Having- attained whieh we must have ·auother cn'l'h<' ot hPr· Pn giu<· will g<·t us to that last station.
lt will not hav e done it independently of the other·engine, hut through their effici ency . Could th e Mental
Pngine Ira ve been relied upon to get us all the way
to the pbt<:e call ed Seenrity 9 Let us hitch up our
t rousPrs and tak e a look around . Did we rely on th e
Physical en~iu e to get us a ll the way to Supremacy ?
Heally, now, arc we OJl th e last lap to Security with
that good old mental engin e 'I Why, no ! That old m ental engine is running up all the side streets.. of th e Suprcm:wy stop, and down by the old apple tree and back
to the hrook.
is shootin g sparks and fire just as if
it W<'rc rrally a ehoo-train , but it is really nothing hut
the litHr tootin~ stationary to a meiTy-go- 'round. Th e
~rade to ~e<·ur·ity is a little too Je,·el and smooth fo r
thr snorting old hog-back.
\\' p are likP the mastadon . 1\'e are big enough ,
goodn!.'ss knows, a·ntl when th e falla cy of social suicide
has disnppcnred we will be bigge r. \Yhcn it gets down
to a plain nutttl'l' of Pomparing "what 's on your plate"
with " what's your nrf'd ," \\'C will realize that our s ize
i~ no great streug th. Thp m a tadon, according to J'eports, did not dismiss the matter lig htly h~· sayi ng
that just \\·hiehl'\'Pl' p:u·t of him , un·ived would be a ll
rig ht \\'ith him. ThL• mnstallon - · ,.,ht brained though
he• ill t'<'portr ll to hav'
n. a id that he wonlu grt
NtOu gh fo r· t lw w hole twr nty ton of him or· hu t . H e
hnst f'll. 'tis true. hut w e m·e not goin g to. \Y r 'r·p g"Oin g to get our hulky fr·ame down to t hr point w hrre
r vf'ry mus<'ll' that w e fred must he ju t so much power
to (•omhat t he thing nltead. Science h as gi n~ n u a
big a•lYnnt a~?f' hy h•lllng n what· ahead.
Jt
o jnst her e i where the first new, faint im,a ges of
Right begin to trangely re emble our old friend Might.
Right is ll thing that work ; Right i efficiency. If we
are going to be here when the world grows cold it
must be through the co-ordination of a:ll our forces. If
we are going to get away from the uprem.acy stop on
time it must be with a new type of engine. Efficiency
is Right- and .Efficiency is Might. Algebraically that
makes ~ight, ,M ight.
Phy~ically, · Might and :\!ental Might ha ve come
phink up against nice new condition and they may a
well it down and talk about old time to an appreciative new .form of power. Phy ical Might worked under conditions of blind, ceaseles action. E very ·form
of life fought and . truggled becau e it seemed to be
prope r to fight rather t11a n die. W e a ll str·u ggled our
brst because ·ther e was usually a st ru ggling t>lhow in
our rib. When we discover ed that ther·e was better
scenery' and less struggl e on top of the seething mas
of heads, we began to make diagrams and , urveys of
th e most effective mrans of plar in g the toe on th e eye-·
hall. _T~at was the " What-a-man-wa nts" stage of the
journey . . Now we ha,·e come t o the " What-a-mnnnreds " ·division. lt i'l a n ew kind of countt·y. Let us
look over that mysterious little en gine, th e oul, and
sec what it' 1s good for.
On the planet :\'far!; they <ll'e n earina th e last sta-.
tion in the thii·d 'diYision of }fight. The SUI'vival of
th r consrious . br in gs d r p cnds upon bringing, all the
way to the equatorial regions, th e snows that aecumulat(· at the po]po;;, 'J'h~ough th e t PlP5eopc \\'(' see iTTigatin g ditPll<''l that ma ke that mon<;tcr· g lohe appear like
hahy 's b:rll. \\'hilt fol'(·e has put th ose ditches ther e
and , more important. hy what for<'e is th e immense con~ r ions population Jivin~ in amity and happin ess. Do
you think the Jaws of• society on }f a rs arc based on
th e " \Yhat-a-man-wants" idPn? \\Thy, no. They n eed
morr th11n they wa nt. To dcsir·r a nd to r equire are
synon~· mous th r r r . now, as arc ~li gh t and Right.
But it tal<rs t ime to get to a rcrt ain place. If,
" 'hPn :\Tars h~cl its la!'t ruinous w a r, t he p eople had not
su hstitnted Socia l Forf'r for :\T aterial For(·C, they w ould
not now hf' suppl~r in g their d ry la nd with moisture
a nd li,·ing" in a mi ty :md happin ess. Th ey would be a
frozen offt>ring t o .t he fool God of Desire.
:\Ta ny ha \·e hren the intellectual seers who have
a tt r mpted to pl'O\'idP a u ni form c·onsci ons p u rpose in
life. W e have had as many aims of existl'nre as we
ha \·r had <;errs. ''n1y not ~i ve the telescope a ch a nce
alon g w ith thP othrrs ~ ~uppose wr live with the
prosai<' so]p pm·po~P of d efeating that cooling of the
ra rth ·s crust. and >~E'e what. algng the way, we will
at ta in of Ri ~ht .. 'e<'nrit y a nd Un ity!
)I i ~?h t ~ a railroad train.
�The WesteTn Co
1"ade
Hell For Its
By FRA
11
aker
RE
K H.
- , ('J<~XE: The recl"iving parlor of Hades
.APT. PERKIN
(hoUy) -But tll '
n t
J\t•d n·h· t curtains hang about room. Ctt_ris!ians · they were d gs unbeli
Jn IJOf' (·Orner are piles of coffin empty~
)lERL--That gave youth right tom
thm
y(•t faded flow~rs and wr a the how evi- · then'
tll'fll'!.' ,,f •·••cent occupan<·y.
There is a
APT. P~
(a .trifl ~en• u ) -But tbi
111'\'l'r 1•nding dank of chains and dis- wa war! They would hov don
to \1 1
f•ordant fo!Oilllds and groan ' faint but yet . Don 't. you under iand ... ad '
JH'I'I·t•ptihl•· Jn center. down stage, i
l\lERL (yawnjn<>') -Y-e~ I think I kn w littl
sr rwd1•Hta l with a lmg•• hook Pn top. )fany devils are about it. h~tving.. handled hundr d of t bou&&ud of
wol'ldrrg- l'l••:lf'i nl! away f• offins. :\lerl, chief of receiv. offieer · durhtg 'the pat .four thou an d y ar.
itt!.! dr·\'ilfo!. is !lilt in g- on a small th r·one heside the
C"\ PT. PERKL, ( teppingba k ) -Are. ou "ntant
f'l 'd l•stal. l.;tr'l!l' gong- r ings ntod <·urtain pal'ts in back.
MERL- -o-o-n. I am but th h od of tlw r!'Cl'lY·
Six di•\'il ~ 1'1111'1' I'H I'I',\'illll <·ol'fin, and plat·e it hefore ing department.
~ J ,.,.J. lhw .,r tiii'JJI snat<·h••s a tag fastened to the <·offin
CAPT. PERKl 8 (look ing around )- o thiR i
;t tHI )'t'I'NI'Itfs it t o :'.f <•r·l. Six
where v ryon eomo ,,;lum
do·l'ils thl'ti r•x it.
. th ey land in h 11, eh Y
:\f)o;f<J. ( J'I 'H ding- tag )-·
Pt·r tty nice plnc<' to live( 'npt , C:i•ot'l.!f' p,.,.J<ins. Fifth
MERL- No; thi is t h nllllft;,]i o u King's Ow n Hifl ctrance for notabl s only. Th
!IH•J J ; s ho t li·ndin~ l' hlll'!!l' of
r est, ·yon will find, ar h rd d
lund fol' o•!•s, Dn l'dl'lll'll t>s.
throu gh n -gnte without v n
( 'flil'l't' !ll'l' ils with liumr cgistet·ing, and put to work
ltll'l'.~ and l'hisi'Jt' I' III P I' . )
at 1heir verlasting tnslts.
:'II EHL- J,pt 'H srP him .
CAP'l'.
PERKINS - Do
( Dt•vils hurst orwn coffin
many of them go ,iu .that
111td Cn ptnin Prt·kins sits up,
way ?
p11lli<l ft·Ottl his wounds and
. . MERTJ- Oh, yes.
:nly
dPn1 h sicl<ncss.)
about one-t nth of. one p r
<'APT. Pl~HKl~S . (lookcent ever . go to heav n.
ing ohon1 mnn zNl and awed,
CAP'J'. PERKINS-Then
11
hit prt·pl<>xrd l -\\' here
you might say that everyon ,
l llll If
fig;uratively speaking, of
r-1 ER.T ln Ju•ll. Arise and
cou rse, finally ends in h 111
,.,.gi, t r indira tilt!! book on
MERL-Practically that.
Jll'd stlln.
CAP'f. PERKINS-What
\ P'r. PERT\1.
(ari do you do with u11 offic rs
in~\-1 h!'g p11rd n. hut
and notables ? We w re
lll'l'll 't ,von 11 triAr mi tal;,eu?
thought to be good p opl
)fl~Hf.- \\'(• don) mnk
on Earth, ther fore our punmlstak.-. lll'n'. Wc puni h
ishmcmtJI could not be so v ry
KREl'ZLzL D KREUZLAJ JD TJEBEH ALI ES!
t h··m.
CAPT.
·'Father, where is your gra.,·e?"
PERl
T~..
(re-
I
ha,·.-
motlstt·ntiu~t 'I -Rut
h••••n II ~ml
( 'h ri»t inn !
IIIIUI
!
mu
- Drawn
till a good man-and a
(Turn ta<> 0\-er. ) lt
mE'n to aughter 3000
Tnrk ~tnd •('rmlm who Wf>re on of ammunition and
l~t!l!tn~ for food. You-~ , ~·ou. Cap • in Perkin. .
:\IRHI. -Jf'm- lt•t'·
,''IY
h\'r~ tlt~d
you
N'.
ord~rN) ~·our
b~·
Louts Raemakers
BeVt'l"e.
liERL-1'hat
depend•
upon your record as it Htands
Ju•r<>-not what the people of Earth credit yon witb. ·
~<'w. Captain PPrkins, you will step to the book and
TE'<>i. t (>T.
f'APT. PERK I.·.'
(goes to regiMt<.'J", pieka up
fWD 1-J c·an 't el." thP ense in registering here.
\VI:i~m
.r ou onf"e get here, you're here for good.
JfERI..-f'm !Ifraid you won't 11ee the Jleftlle i.n tot.
�12
of things fo r a while yet-especially when it comes to
MERL-Do you think t:here ever ws: · neb a thing
punishment.
as jmtice T Don't you realize that when 'a . law i
CAPT. PERKINS (laying down pen after ,sign- broken by the commqn people they :are pun.i hed 1
ing )-But you don 't mete out severe punishment to Don't :y ou understand that when one (lf the lawmakgood people-er-that is persons who ·think--or rather ers should be forced through nece sity for more riches
know-you understand, those who have been good .
to break the same law in exactly the ame manner,
MERL (laughing)-As the American says, " 'T here that he is never brought before the courts t
ain't no such animal.''
.,_.
CAJ>'f. PERKINS-But the people have a right
CAPT. PERKINS-But-there are the preach- to have h~ brought to t he bar of justice, no matter
·
e:rs and priests, undoubtedly th~y are good ; you must who lie is.. .
::\It}R}j:...:..Yes,
that's
what
·Y.OU tell them and they
admit that.
·
MERI.-I admit nothing. Come here. " (They go are chloroformed by that kind of dope. Then when
to side stage and Merl draws back curta\n. A flare ·· the. · ti:me.. comes and thev
... land a lawmaker for lawof red light greets them and the howls (if hundreds breaking, what happens ' Why, a nice, neat intelligent
of thousands in torture causes -captain P erkins to jury is selected--;-<>h, no, not by the people-and
draw hack in fear. l\1erl lowers .curtain and laughs.) "justice". is taken for a nice little walk at·ound the
Those are your Hellroaring preachers-your GOOD block while a coat of whitewash is plastered over the
preachers. ('l'ur'n s fiercely and glares at Captain case.
P(•rkins. ) 1t is you that makes hell possible!
CAPT. PERKINS-But I never made any laws.
CAPT. PERKINS (shrinking 'back )-)T e?
I .have done nothing but obey laws ever ince I' can
MERlJ- Yes, you ! You and the r est of your ac- remember.. I can truthfully say that 1 have neY~t·
r•ursed group of humanity. You officers .and notables! broken one.
( Laughs sa rcastically. ) Who orders the priests to
~IEHT.r'-Ilow about the slau ghtering of -those 3000
pr·ay for· th e suecess of arms 1 Do the common p eo- '' un b!!Iievers' ' ¥
pl(• 9 \\'ho onlcrs the making of ammunitions and war
CAPTAIN PERKINS--Uo ! I broke no law-in
materials ? \\'ho orders the subscription to a war loan 1 faet, that was hut the exeeution of orders from my
Who orders the soldier·s on the fi eld of battle 1 Who superior officers. Those ordrrs were laws, because in
or·d r r·s the making of' war hahies? And again, who times of war they are giveu authority, a nd having
makes tlw laws or the land. and tells th e people they exreutedt heir orders or laws l should not pe puni heel.
will he punish Pel if one of them is broken '! DO THE 'l'o have fallen down on · one order would have meant
PEOPLB ? (Wipes ilerspiration from his brow.) an ev erlasting disgniee and, as they woul<.l also have
W ell , her·r is Urr result : H er·e is the hell you have been broken laws, I should right fu lly expect punishcrented. l t has he en created a long time, hut each ment lwre . .
gcnrration srncls in its new sets of laws and n ew
l\rF.HL·--Th e ca rrying out of thoc;e order·s did not
subdivisions have to he added to handle the prevent you fro m hreaking other laws.
er·uwd- l'or· t• ver·yorw, no matter who he is,
CAPT. PERKIN~-N o other laws were broken.
hreal<s somP lnw at some t ime in his life. \\.hy man,
)fET\L- How ahout the law "Thou Shalt Not
it k eeps us going like hell, making new ill\·entions of Kill,. '
torture to krep apace of the ones you are making for
CAP'f. PERKINS- Why, man, th is is a war. That
this Earthly cataclysm brought about by you nobles. law is repeal!'d in times of hostilities. It ·w ould have
CAPT. PBRKINS (quuking)-Then the nobles heen impossible for me to carry out the laws of my
ure punished fo r maki~g the laws t
superiors and this latter law. 'l'hey are conflicting.
MERL-Hell, no' W e punish no one for making They a re opposite. To carry out one is to break the
lnws. It's breaking them.
othE"r. )fnst I be punished for- I
.
.
CAP'l'. PHRKl 1S-Then I can't see why the
1\lERL--Yes, that. is the reason why practically
nobles should he punished- that is most of them- for everyone comes here. No law, no matter bow iong
they never break the laws they ..make.
ago it was made, is ever repealed in hell. Now you
MERL-Oh, yes they do, only they do it in what ran see: you HAVE to break one law to mAke or keep
they call a "legnl " manner. It 's all the same to us. another. Then comes punishment everlasting when
Brcnu e that word "legal " does not mean anything you die.
hE"re.
CAPT. PERKINS-But, you said that one-tenth
CAP·T. P}~RKI S--But "legal " mean within of on e per cent escaped hell. How can they do that f
the law ; therefore why s.h ould they be puni hed for
)lERL--They were lucky enough to be born with!;Omething they did not do !
<Continued on page Z6)
�t '
Busting the ·Iron. La
By GEORGE E. CA TRELL
T
great butchering conWfrt bas shattered many of the hopes of
humanity. The long standing laws of international
•·ourtesies and <.'UStOms have been ruthl ly disearde'a;·
and innocent.,noncombatants on land and sea have been
murdered in cold blood. Things of priceleSs beauty
Hnd historical value and grandeur have been shattered.
In O«>rmany the cherished ideals of Socialist working claHs solidarity, the bubble of. international class
HE great Eurqpean upheaval; the
highly cie.nt:ifie comba~
little avail. England ha al:wa~ fou h
cription a against a plagn~.
1
the late Lord Robert e m ou
for na ' nal
~tary cr~ee, he arou d a grea: t rm ot unpopular criticism "that. ' t him r lin' ba to prh>
lif .
I1ike the working. .eht of this ount.ry th Briti her•
like to think they are fre .
·
Abother che,rL'\hed iil. titution whi h ha
. tered is t~e Iron La)V " of up.rly snd d and. 1Q
times of peace, 'school . f onomic though bav tri d
to. im,Press tJte· work r with · the th ory f uppl and
demand. With thousands of un mploy d at th a tory
gates. wages haYe often h~ n k ·pt to th low-\ nt r .
mark~because · supply · \vas great r than d
and.
But ·the war has called i:nu.ny of Britain's kill d
workers to fight, and ~he pendulum of supply and d •
mand ha~ swung O¥!!r with a bang. Employ rs and
munition factory owners are r er-.ping hug profit .
Their workers ·pat!"iotieally toil long hour to prodn
munitions of war to help "their". country. But th y
have sudden)y -seen the light. The long hour ar impairing their working ability and they " lay off" on
day in seven for rest: . Because of this they·ar a ns d
of" slacking" and of drunkenness, nnd th htlfly Dritish
government is actually so anxious about th
that
they appoint investigators to provide means of pr .
venting them from striking-or even takin_g .r est.' ·
Every dny lost, every hour wa~ted, menus I ss profits
for the employers. The speed with .which th gov rn.
ment has taken up the settlement of strikes is 11 r v lation to the world.
The investigators for the government r lat d how
several dock workers were shipped to a F r n •h post
to relieve congestion in shipping, and on pay day, after
a big week with ten hours a day s ven days a w k,
many of these fellows got too drunk to work next day.
They were sent back to Rngland and ~batch nt
to continue the work. 'fhe11e were m n from th army.
On pay day one lDJlD only imbil ed too fr ly. Ilc ot
twelve months hard labor.. Therefore :
Put the workers under military control .
lak ·
them a part of the army, when to refu.e to work 1M ro
mutiny. lsn 't that easy, eh f
The theory of supply and demand hu been exp
The Brit· h workers are being trieked ADJl tbe .Am rj,..
t"&D WO~ikel"S will he tricked the Mme way, Jiea f'
mand and anty supply of labor will be
by the
incon rm·ertible argument of the bayonet point aOJl
tht> imn law- ill be repealed hy the buJ.L
rn
Ho~
Much Longer Can She Feed Him?
-Des • f olnes Register nnd Leader
war,lhas been blown up, accompanied by the bitter lash• ing of their • ,omrad '' aero the bo.r ders. In aU the
hl'lligt>N'nt e untri the eall to arms has found So··iali. t comrade lined up again teach other with murtl!'rou intent, aeh beli('vi.ng in hi own way that "his"
t'O\lntry i in d ngt-r. Thl" plendid theory of international cl~ iut r · t ha proved toa, weak to r ·
1h\' lm le
tutlit1 note and too young to
m the
rn"hing torrent of inflaml'd race hatred.
In R land th
.r~ are face to face with hnin· these imes of
, ir tioo w
�....
14
Tk:e Western Com-rade
Wher~e
Is th.e Hom-e?
By lR \VIN T
CKER
"W
0 MAN 'S Place Is the Home" nms the ancient their ervice to the home. No matt r how extensiw
slogan. True. And woman, seeking to take the mill or how intricate the enterprise, if it eann t
IH: r place, looks around ·her and cries : "Where Is the · how that ultimately it will enrich .the living-room or
HorneY"
>- .
repleni h_ the larder iCmust di olve and fade away.
To most of the working women of the world, the • ervice ro life is the only plea on which any existing
word is a mockery. They have no 'homes; But such as institutibn c~ endure.
·
have them, must be in full possession. If a wo~an's . .All f Urese things . enter int~ the texture of the
realm is the l10me, it follows that she must reign in hotlle. Henee · woman, if she is to rule in her own
phere, must control them all. Her children must have
her· own r ealm.
What is th e homeY To begin with there is the struc- cloth~s; it ·i~ part of her rule to see that ·they are good
tur<· of the building in which the nest . is mad~. If clothes. The hom~ .must be lit, warmed and cleaned.·
woman is to rule her own realm, she must control the Hence control of the light supply, fuel supply and
house, and the land on which it stands. 'fhe propor - sanitary .pro\'jsions are part of her kingdom.
tion of women of airy <:lass who now actually own the · · It is the mother 's duty to educate. The cbool is
huilclinvs in which they live is infinitesimal. But be- the rdor.e a part of the· home. She must be empowered
l'or·l· wonran can ruh· in her own rea'lm, she must haYe to s.ay what s-hall be taught her children, and under
t l1 e say-so reg a r·ding both the building and the land.
what conditions
thev
shall learn.
• .
I•
·woman is 1he pro1•idcr, the "loaf-giv.er," as the
I£ any of these ,powers are lacking, woman i not ·
kaxons sai<l; th e nour·ish er. To rule in her own realm mistress·o£ her OWn kingdom- the home. slit· rnust c·ontrol the food supply. No longer is th e
By po means except control of the municipal,
food supply a thing or hl'r own manufacture. It comes rounty, and state governments, insofar as they a.ffect
from marl<ets, gro~::c· r·i cs, dairies; it comes ·in cans, bot- het· sphere, .can woman be secure in her own place. In
tlt•s and hox es. 'l'o f•ontrol her realm she must be able order that woman, w·h o is held responsible for the
to <·ontl·ol sources of supply. She must be able to de- well-being of the _home, may live up to her responsi- ·
t<•l't and to punish adultcr·ation of food; she must be bility, she must wield these powers. Fot: our civilizaa hit\ to regulate quantity and price; else she is not ruler tion is so complex that at· every point the home conin her· own sphere.
nects with the whole· stnJCture of society abo~t it. Jn
Jicr·c is the place where lives are produced. All order to be mistress in one point, she must be a coour business and ~ndustry find their sole justification in ruler of all. .
Mary Phagan Passes Judgment
MARY WHITE 0\'INGTON in the New Republic
about me, you men of Georgia, now
Y OUthatcareI aamlotdead.
You have spent thousands of dollat·s trying to learn
who mutilated my body.
You have filled the eolumns of your newspapers with
the story of my wrong.
1
You have broken into a prison a.nd murdered a man
that I might be avenged.
Bnt why did you not care for me when I was alive?
1 was but a child, but you shut me out of the daylight.
You held me within four walls watching a machine
thnt era hed through the air
Eml)('<;s)y wnt ehin~ n whining knife a it <>nt. a piece
of wood.
1oi!'e fill· the plncr--noi e, dn t, ~nd Hte
irkening
smen of oil.
I wish some of the thousands of dollars that you spent
on the trial might have kept me in school,
A r eal srhool, the kind you build for the rich.
. I worked through the hot August days
When you were bossing the girls, or shooting birds,
Or lounging in doorways cursing the nigger ;
And you never paid me· enough to buy a pretty dre,as.
You sometimes spoke coarsely to me when I went to
and from my work ;
Yes, you did, and I had to pretend I liked it.
Why did you despise me li ving and yet love me so now !
I think I know. Jt is like what the preacher told me
about Christ:
People hated Him when· Tie was a1ive,
~ut when He was 1lt>ad they killed man after man for
Hi'l akt>.
�T
e Weste,-
Co
rad
Part of Llano Community Dairy He.rd. a:t ¥ilklng Time
•
Community· Gro-ws tn
Povver
By R. K. W.ILLIAMS
r.~~~'!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ ~ t ht• Llano del Hio Community grows in
population its powe1· and influences int•l't•Hst•s in nil dirretions. H1mdreds of
:;;;"\
1·isit ors floc I< to Llano Pl'ery month and
Ill'!' gi ,.,.n tlw fullest a ud fre est opportunit.v to inl·t·stigate every phase of the
~ g'l'PIIt PlltL'l'JH'iSP.
01', thmH• who 1·isit th e f'Olony a good
pt•t't·t•ntll g-P nl'P pPl'sons who m·e t·nrnestly sPekiuf! an
n ppor·tun it~' to gt'1 a way fr·om the com pl'ti til'e struggle.
~I or·t• 1hnn l7 JWI'matwnt rP~id ents took up tlw ir
uhodt• iu Llnuo during tht• pr riod of August 15 to
~~· ptt• ml)('r 15. Tht· hotel is a busy place at
,": ...
thP thrl'l' impor·t:wt l'l'll·ion of th e cla~, and
11101'1' tlmn 100 t'l'l!lllnr patrons sPat tht•msl'ln•s 11 1 t'lll'h nwnl now. A month a go the
d ni ly :l\'Pt':ll!l' w n · nlum t 7;, t•olony w orkPr ,
'l'ht• st·hool · h11 Ye hee n O(WtwJ
witfl t:r; p upil '
w h i<"h 97 1\1'1' in
t lw t•lt•lll l'nf:u~- g-t·:ulc. 25 k inderl!llrfNI Jllll ils and 1:.> high ehool
~.
or
stmh•nts
·us
who was wit II
last year ; l\liss Ramona J>ar·sons wil\
haYP charge of th e youngsters up to th • f ourth gru<l
and ::\Iiss Grace l\L I m~e ll will take th e !P holat'H ft·om
tlw fourth grade .up to high, 11s w ell as udmittiH(Pt' OV<I~
th e dompstic science d epartment 11no ~JoydH. Miss
Parsons is an a ccomplish ed gymnas t awl t·eacltel' ol'
swimm ing and if the weath<·r ('OIItinuek pl euHnnt nud
war·m she will doubtl ess haw! an ardr·nt followin g of
water dt•votrPs as this sport c·nn lw indnl ged in fr·ecly
in tJw )nrge swimmin g p ool, whic h iR a n u tt r~ct iOtJ of
tiH' l'Olony.
)f rs. Prude nce Rtok es Brown , the• wc•IJ known <•du('atot·, who ha s !wen t a kin g a eout'H!' of p•·r·snrrnl i rr st rur tion nndl:'r th e far -fam ed Dr. MontPHf!ori I'or th e
purpose of installing a Montessori lwhool twrc, ltrtH nrr iwd. Rfr p is aeeompa ni t>d hy )1 r11. A.
Jfo n
of P a a d en a a n d will bl'l!in work at 0111'1!
this sp ecial depllrtm(lnt
rJ.
or
tPaching.
An immentw
trm~k
from Pa11ad ·nH.,
Joadc•d to til e• g~.um)H
a ,. t'
n w NtrollNl.
T h ,, • t•hooL·
will t '
1hc
uml.•r
('t'fit'i,•n
nnml ~"l'IUNlt
~li."
of
ITeiNt R
1)·1 r. 1 r in.-it"ftl.
,
.'
.
c
.:J
witti
hontH!l1old
·goods tnul otbf·r
hf•lomz1og• ft•lJowPd tlwm in.
T h e (· o I o 11 y
Pommunity UJI·
doubi1-1Jfy b a ,.
}, t> 4' n f'fJMf•ht>d
�16
The Western Comrade -
Industrial Activity at
.,..._
Scene at the Colony Brick Yard
lmmen.st> Silo Under Censtmction
Commonitf!
�17
The Western Comrade
no del Rio Community
..
-·
..
phs
y
pher
Ranch Office at Llano Community
~-
Lime Kiln
."
.
Benching Broom Corn at Llano
�18
The Western Comrade
~--------------------~------------------------------------~----~---.
The Town or Lia.n o Spreads Over Considerable Territory.
h,v this g-alax y of teach ers .• V ery few communities of 'Which to. many . ~ol6nist!;; will be indeed surprtsmg.
this sizP arc hlt>ssed with four such capable instructors.
Speaki):rg .of possession • th Board found that cQn- ·
The J\lontPssori pupils are not included in the fore- ditions at .Jackson' Lake and at the Trout Hatch ry
g-oing. No figures arc at present avai lable on the num- arc such that with very little labor and expen e both
hPr' of little tots tha t will attend the Montessori system. can b e turned into 'attractive SllJ1lmCr and wintet• rel<'r·om Srptc•mht>t' 1 to September 15, 103 visitors sorts and ought. therefore ·to b et>om e good r evenu prolookPtl us over and many of them w er e so well satisfied ducers on aet>ount of their easy a ccessibility from the
that tht>y joinrd anct will later com e in to stay, when south whe re many tourists . p end consider able time.
tiH·y t'llll make arrangements on th e outside to do so.
At both th ese places the scener·y is inspiring and the
Improvements are noted a ll along the line. Th e air extremely t>xhile~·ating:
ranch work is progressing wonderfully well and the
In this connection th e county supN·visot·s have inbuilding nnd al'ts dPpartmPnts are cat ching up with dueled in th e proposed b'ud.get for· next mon t h 's el ctiH· prot·Pssion . Thr png mills :uHl· other brick ma- tion an appropriation to huild the srcnic highway
t·h ir)('J'Y hH.Vt' ht>t' ll movPcl to th.c permanent townsite, th rou gh the San GHbric>l calJ,vons to the summit of t h e
whit"it liPs ahout a m ile above the present site nnd · hig rangr, thellC(' down to
point a mil e helow thP
l'ar ovrrlooks thr far r·raches of thr shimmer:ing va ll e~· f• olon~·'s lands. nt th e> LmkPl ea mp. Fr·oin this point
'l'hP wor·k is undP r' the r;harge of Chestc>r Page and his the roach,·n~· to the Lla no f•O mmunity will lw put in
Pr't'W is r·c>ad,v to tur·n ont ))l'ick for· thr n ew sehoo! first-c· lnss (•ondition. This would r-;hor·ten the> distanpP.
whil'h will lw our of tht> . fir:::t lmildin gs to h e rrc>cted lwt w PPn Los . \n gt>IPs and l;lano hy thit·ty-fi ,·c miloH.
up on tht• nrw aud p r l'llurnent townsite. Substantial
Anoth er· itPm in th e rourl'ty hudgPt is $75,000 t o
work will he> sh0\\'11 011 this str'11Cture ana a g r eater f reJ- huild a road f rom Littl e Rot>k to 'Llano. This will he
ing or. prr·manPncy will have heen implanted in th e a gr·pat hoon to the community and will go far· to solv
henr·ts or tir e> stnrd,v onrs ~vho ha n• stayed through thl' the transportation problem. Th,, houlevard tlnough
vieissitndrs of th r past 18 months.
~[int Can~·on is as. urrd and the sttrYey is under way.
'l'hr Bo::rrd of Rurvry, whi t>h is nothing less than :rn Thus tlw ro mmunity is assured of splendid r oads to
inventory or effi.
a ll its important
cit'nt>y hoat·d has
eonnecting points.
made nt carf.'ful
At present, good
and painstnking
meal'> ar·e b ing
survc3r and pre"r
e d at ih~
sents nn elahor·at<'
Hatchery Inn, nnreport. that is con . ·
cler Ow manage,..
strtJCt iv <' a nd r easmrnt
of
Chef
suring in every
)fandel. ThP ehef
way. It may iht>
attends
to
the
Wl'll to quote orne
walrlli
of
his
of the things that
:mesh; in true
tht>y have found.
( ' h e t e rfieldiun
a
r"
�T
e
e
eTa Go
"tyle aDd the menu • mo~e than ordinary. Roe
mountains mrround this plaee so tha tra
tht"Dl will add ze&t to the
ker after pie
e 8Jld
health. The c.-olc;ny owns 160 aer there. This place
ilf the fiQUr~e of the Big Rock Creek. - Pellucid ater
tmiJ11 and hubbies up in various plaees out of blaek
earth dena(!all and runs in all directions till it mee
in nrH· t-eJmmon (.-Urrent and drop down a stur . fall
at the root or a giant tree. Path have b n eut
thrmudt thc! tanglt:d ma s of v;.,.etation and tree
fwnelwH and ro11tic seats have been placed in charming
nookH, HO th;~t nt c\·ery turn the yj itor is urpri ed at
HOtnl~ new lwuuty.. ~I any days .can be pent here without tirin~r · the air, sky and mountain spelling a wonchouH f•llnrm.
'
'l'h1• Board finds that the ':'.Iescal. waters, which is a
pnrt of fh e estatt>,
e 11 11 l1r .inC'reas~d
wt·y mu !' h !Jy ttmuellill g into the hills
a nd i uto th e f1oot· of
.fac·lu10n Lal<e. To
tnauy this will he a
pl(•ar;ing snrprise as
it op ens nn•nues for
rut Ill'(' d r\'rlopment.
Hc•t·r nrr some
rrry intPr'c•sting data
of th e possrssions of
th
.olony ot the
pr· o;ent t iw : 'l'wenty. ix nd b houses
Llano Girls' Tennis
tu•
omplrted · nine
n a r 1y romp1eted,
thnt is nwniting 1•oof ; fou r·teen frame houses, occupied
h~· f'nmilies: eight rnnch hou es; 78 tent houses; twelve
muni ipal t('nt or· tran ient quartet·s containing from
one t fi\' h d each ; one large warehouse tent· two
hol I ; fh-1' baru ; three blaek!Smith hop. ; one horse
hnrn und<'r c n truction; one cow barn under construetim• : liE' offi buildiug under con truetion on the tempm·nry sit : on bakery n aring completion, eapahle
or holdin~ 170 I 11\'C nt one time. One ilo, 25 by 3l
f'''''· 300-t(ln ('apndty. almo t completed but now ready
to h(• filled. 'l'hi ilo i of permRnent con truction and
madt• of N.'nwnt bloek : ne olarium, or bath hou e ;
t~ o rnhhitrit~
7 by 72 feet and 7 by 6 feet. The
no nd IH1 rt't'Omm nded additional buildings for the
r~thhi • n, folio
ne building, 7 by
feet_ eontninin~ 1.: Jmtd•
and for the . mana oek. which are
11ow on Jmnd, an a.dob building 25 by 'iO feet_ .An
<\'\nt~.
:. t mpt will be made to
tart
extra
l1"ildi~ ~ :.t :m ~rly da e.
D~\'f')Opnl~nt i
Oll'll in tbe poultry d partml:"o -
,.
home :
An addi~ion
wit ' r ently mud
whi l1 i
Rwi,
goat
hloodAd Rtoclt,
!11 al s. Throt1gh
th
constant nr
lind hnrd worl
oe
.omrndo J1uton ond
his enrn at h
th!! supply o
and hutt :r do
foil tit rolony.
lp r ,.
milk
n
J;ong
11
~loUJ·s, pati' n , hard
worl< Ell' requi8it 14
of 11. su e ssful dairy
herd. :F'ew people r ealize how thing11 11.r don until
and Bas.Jretball Club
they actually behold the proceHs. Dairyrn n 11.8 n rul
are seldom thought of •xc pt when t h supply of il
or butter runs low. · A surpris will h in Htor for
any visitor or colonist not familiar with tltis work · to
go tl\rough the motions of being a. dairyman for a
week or so. _
The r anch has 6 good 8trong hor84! .
G. Burdick, head apiarist, is now handling ov r ,
tands of bee in the colony, flO t.bat honey ill an v
day delicacy upon the. tables of the eoloni8 IJ n4 t
hoteL
veral tons of hooey are on lt.and. A po:rtioD
of the honey i being u ed for preserving pur,p
Comrade Knobbs, wbo ha tbe garden tn ella~ e,
witb a large eorps of ru ·slants, ill
liv ri.og •h h
vel!t'tab)e to the bomPs and hotel daily. .AJJ I1Mt8 of
:nelon are de)i,·ered in abundanu and njoyed thor.
ongbl~T by e\"eryofll'. A ton of tof48UJa m-e 00
takPn eare of daily and flOOD. (l8D]Ilng wiJJ .tut in
('ltrn . u well u drying in ordt'l' to make a new
rr·
•fl'
�20
The Weste .r n Comrade
soup delicacy. In the Survey 's report, farm imple- and each ~ave a · nice little talk, complimenting the
ments galore were inventoried, such as wagons, plows, colonists upon their solidarity, oneness of purpose and·
stackers, wheel cultivators, listers, buggies, harrows, upon the immense showing made upon these 'tands <lur~
mowing rakes, scrapers, seeders, wheelbarroyvs, ha.ttd ing the past year and a half. All gave a cordilll invitools etc.
tation to attend the Lancaster fair to be held some time
Another sub.head notes road scrapers; bean sepa- in October. It has been determined to accept the invirator, sawmill, ditching plows, cream separator, ha~ . tatio~ and in consequence the hidies of th.e colo~y. are
balers, harnesses of all sorts and sizes. Three auto getting their :wits ~together to make a g<,>od showing
trucks and four automobiles are noted. of the .arts ari.d crafts of that elell\ent. From the agriAmong the miscellaneous property mentioned for cultural end of. tn:e 'ranch will go exilibits of f~its,
the usc of th e colony is the following: Swimming pool; vegetables, irnd from the dairy some of the herd.
temporary hand laundry,' 17 boats, two ~pool tables, Other exhibits will inchide: pigs, chickens and rabbits.
five barber; c h ~irs. two pianos, creamery and full Withdut d.oubt this will be made an occasion of some
equipment, up-to-date library and reading roolll, cir- moment as a r~~l fine display can be made from this .
cular wood saw, planer, band saw, two power concrete place. When it is considered that but less than 18
mixers, block molds and 200 pallets, bath tubs, lava- months ·have . elapsed ·since the present managers of ·
tories, sinks, big supply of plumbers' supplies and the coJony ha,ve 'taken · hold of this project, the detools, fully equippr.d tin shop and supplies, harnrss velopment .is truly woU:derful. It is complimentary, to ·
shop, shoP shop, cabinet shop and big driH press.
say the .least;· tlilit Llano .community should be invited
There is about 250 tons or more of alfalfa in stacks to show its products, foJ.' it is a tacit recognition that .
and approximately 250 to aoo
cooperative efforts ar·e superior
tons of alfalfa and corn still un- !!li!IDIIUIIIIHIIIIIUIIIIIIIImnillliDmUIUIIIniiiiiDIIIUmiU111111DIIIIIIIIIIIIIItiUmn11DUIDIIIIHIIIIInii1111JIIIIImi."'UIIIOI~IIIHm1~ '. to indi v'idual competition. for
C'ut whieh is to be used to fill
what farmer, un:ld8d, could bethe ' silo for ensilage.
gin to ·make an agricultural or
Earth is Enougfi
Thr. following is data for
stock showing in less than five
By Edwin Markham
those interested in things hortiyears ?
cnltnral. Ou th e Young place
There is. no a·b atement in
The men of Earth have here the stuff
Of · ParadisP.. We have enough!
there are twenty acres in pears
· ·in~erest or the atte.n dance at
W e nerd no other stones to build
and on the Bixby ranch twenty
the Saturday evening · dances.
Th~> Temple of the Unfulfilledacres; 15 acres of assorted
The music being good, the floor
No other ivorv for the doorsfruits on th e Henneburg place,
is · hpt constantly full .and
No other ma~ble for the floorsthe present site of the club
when Comr·ade · Ste~vart, the
No other· cerlar for the bemn
And -dome of man's immortal drE?am.
house and twenty acres of asfloor manager, gets busy with
sorted fruits on the ' Tigh !man
l1is quaint language architecllrre on the paths of every dayranch, grapes, etc. The ahove
ture and his good hr~morea
Herr on th e eommon human way
assures plenty of fruit, when
ls all th e stuff thr gods would take
manlrandling, things get lively
'l'o build a hcan ' n, to mold and make
fully matured, for quite a popuindeed. The folks that danced
Nnw f~de nf'. Om·s thr stuff sublime
lation. 'l'he nursrry has ready
the old-fashioned things years
To build Eternity in time !
for planting in the E pri~g 21,000
ago arc strong friends of Stewapple and pear trees ; 2500
art for he carries them back to
strawberry plants; 2500 black'' ol ' Missouri '' with his singin~r
berry ; 800 black wnlnut ; 1000 black locust for the C'aJ.ling, and the tintinabulation of the music's rhythm
townsite ; 100 rhubarb plants; and 7000 grape cuttings, gives reluctant feet the t erpsichorean urge.
all foil spr·ing transplanting. One-quarter acre of peaJ.~uther Burbank says: "Every .ch ild should have
nuts arr showing up finely.
mud-pies, grasshoppers, waterbugs, tadpoles, mudMany thousands of feet of a.ll sorts of lumber, di- turtles, elderberries, wild strawberries, acorns, chestmension nnd otherwise, ready for transportation to the nuts, trees to climh, brooks to wade in, water-lil'ies,
colcny, lies at Palmdale. When this arrives intense woodchucks. bats, hutterAies, various animals to pet,·
activity will begin and an early complete housing pro- hay firlds, pin e cones. rocks to roll, sand snakes, hucklegram will be started. Conditions are favorable, in- hcrries and hornets; and any child who has been dedeed, that all will be comfortably housed, or living priYrd of these has been deprived of the best part of
comfortably at the hotel and club house before much his rducation .. , So they should. The Llano Comcold or inclement weather arrives.
mmiity kids havr all this and in addition they have
Recently the colony was favored with a visit of the Advantage o_f a new order of social life and as urr.~ancaster fair boosters. There were five in .the party
ance for the future.
�The Wester n Comrade
21.
OUr ·wonderful School
second Montessori School in the
of CaliT HEfornia,
under public school management, bas been
Sta~e
bel's philosophy of education. I further beli~ve that
Froebel, in his sincere search for means and measures
oprned at Llano del Ri·o Col~ny.
for ~e-vel9ping t he whole child-.-body, mind and soulThis Montessori School did not spring up in a d~ would, were he here today, be the first to recognize his
or· a week; it has been five months developing, and this grea.t ideal for childhood embodied in D~.. Montessori 's
is its story up to date.
method of sci~ntif\c pedagogy.
Llano del Rio Colony wants the best education pos' ' Froebe~ was .p re:eminently a philo opher, a prophet
sihiC' for its children, and to this end they are looking and seer-.:.be saw in :the ~oul' of man potential perfo r public scho.ol teachers that crave an opportunit.y fe ti<!P 'and .prophesied ·.th:at the destiny of man is. to
to work upon the most progressive· lines. Last April, become .consc\ot of his divinity and to r eveal this inI.lano del Rio secured the interest and co-operation ner completeness· in s If-determination and freedom.'
of P rudence Stokes Brown and engag~d her services
" Froebel yearned and 1!1-bored to evolve and defor the kindergarten department.
velop ·a· method 3,nd a 'logical sequence of materials that'
::\Irs. Brown has for ' twenty-five years been a most would give the child fr ee, spontaneous self-expression.
progressive and enthusiastic kindergartener. She bears ~Tuc h o~ th!! method and many of the materials. have
th•· distinction of having initiated and taught the first long be~n abandol}ed by even his most devout followpuhlic sc hool kindergarten in the State of Calfornia. ers, but th e spirit and purp0se of Froebel 's life and
Ll ano del Rio people thought they wer e most f~rtunate work ·will abide forever. Educators and would-be
in st•r uring l\1 rs. Brown 's services and
educ~tors have tirelessly labored to dis:II rs. Brown considered Llano del Rio
. cover and create materials t hat would
harmonize wi.th the wonderful insight
an ideal place in which to establish th e
ki ndergarten that would prove that the
_of Froebel : that . t he child is a selfPo ueation of th e head, heart and hand
active, self-determining being, and
\\'as no vague dream of Froebel 's. ·
the~efo~e must educate himself.
EYPry step possibl e was being taken to
" I, .for one, have grown gr.ay followfat· ilitate thl.) organization of a summer
ing Froebel 's spirit wit h rad iant enh rde rgarten in Llano, when Dr. Monthusiasm; . sure at ever y step t ha-t his
philosophy was absolut~ly: correct; and
!Pssori arrived in Los Angeles and offt•rpd a four months' course in her
that t he carrying out of Froebel 's phinwt hod of scientific• pedagogy. Mts.
losophy was the only salvation of the
Hr·own was eager to take the course of
· ~ hild. At last I sit at the feet of Dr.
~fontessori serenely confident t hat she
this gr·eat doctor and the Llano del Rio
has
found t.'he method of self-education
rommunity, true to the spirit of progLlano Montessorlans
for the child.
rPss. responded to her request for a
"l\fy only pang of sorrow now is tbat
lf'a 1·c of absence for the purpo<ie of
studying with Dr. Montessori. The four months have all kinde rgarteners inspired by the spirit of Froebel
passed and with them all of Mrs. Brown 's old enthusi- arc:> not here to Sf!e what I see and hear what I hear.
'' Ther·e i ~ much that is like Froebel 's plan in garden
asm for the Froebelian Kindergarten. A Mnntessori
Sr· hool, pure and simple, now takes the place of the ar1d plastic play and work as well as in t.he games of
kindergarten with 1\frs. Brown, and the Llano del Rio . ense, t he beauty and order of the surroundings is the
propJJ accept the change with the enthusiasm of Mrs. same in the Montessorj method as in Froebel 's. .T he
Brown and will have the second Montessori School in ca re of pets is consid ered essential by both, but the
tlw State of California. Mrs. Brown states her views house of childhood is a much closer connection with
the home life of the child than the kindergarten deof this new system in the following words:
'' After nea~ly . four months ' close observation of signed by Froehel. The materials have been reduced ·
th,, daily exercises of a demonstration class in the Mon- to the minimum of simplicity and necessity by scientific
IPssori method ·as well as four months of regular lec- experiment. They have been quantitatively and qualilllre work on the technique, science and psychology of tatively determined to suit ~he age and stage of dethis method under Dr. Mon-tessori, I am under a most velopment of children f rom two and..one-half years to
dPvout nnd ard nt conviction th~t tlie Montessori six. No confusion exists here for the child- no weary• (Continued on Page 30)
mrthod of education is in absolute accord with Froe-
'a
s
�22
The Western Comrade
A Remarkable Prediction
By COUNT LEO TOLSTOY
L go
TOLSTOY made a remarkable prediction shortly before his dl'ath. This was written at the reque t of the
Hns21an Czar and is said to .have made a deep Impression on Nicholas, who sent it to the Kaiser. Aside from the
discrepancy in dates the propehcy thus far se$!!ls to have been wonderfully fulfilled. The cover page o( this issue i
engraved from a painting made several years ago by William R. ·walker and is here reproduced for the first time.
T
liE "'·•·nts. whir·h 1 here 1·eveal are of a universal
r·ltarad••J' ar1tl must shortly come to pass. "l ~ee .
tlw l'onn of a woman floating upon the_ sea of human
l';d•· . .\'ations msh madly after her, but she only toys
with "a..t1. ll 1·r· diamonds aud rubies ~rite her name
·'('onJnwr"ia li-;nt. "
"\llur·in:~ ~ and bewitching she
_,,.,.nrs. hut d<'strudiou and ageuy follow in her wake.
II t·r hn·at h r·<'~·ks of sordi d t nrusactions; her voice is
JJJI'!:tllit· in l'!,ar:ll·lt·J· and h c·r look of grrcd is as so
nJJir·lt poison to thf' n ations who fall victim to h er
•·l•:J J'IJJ s. ~l11· t·arr·ips a loft thrrP torches of universal
·oJTIJfll io1r: oJJ<· n·pn·st•ntiug- wa1·, onp higotry and
li,vptwris_,.. ;JJHI 1111· third law, that d;.mgerous foundaII OJJ or nil llllalllill'llli•· traditions. The great eonflag-ralion will start about 1912. s1·t hy the first tor·ch, in
!Itt· t·OIIJJ1ril'o; or soutltt•ash·rn Europe (Turl>ey, Italy,
H1d g-aria. ~t·rl'i<J. t•lt·.l. It will dt•I'Piop into a destruelil·.. t·;dalllit~· in 1!11:!. I st'P Europ t> in flamrs and hl eedin~. <IIJd lit•ar· !lit• larllt'lltations of h11g-c battl efields. But
Hho11t tiJo• .' 'Par· 1!1].-, a str·an~~t· tig-urP Pnter·s the stage
of the h_loody dram a. He is a man of little milltari t ic
trajning; but he w.ill hold most of Europe iu hi grip
till 1925. He .is. already walking the cat·th, a man of
affair~: A mu ion is assigned him by a supet·ior power.
There is mar·hed a new political era for the Old
World; no e~tpircs ' and kingdoms. but the whole
world . will form· a Feder·ation of the CnitPd
States of Nations.
After ]92:.> I see a chang'! in religious sentiments ;
th!' fall of tlrl' Chu1·eh and the detline of the ethi~:al
idea. Th-Pn a grrat r<·for·m hegins. It will lay the corner·-stOJ.lC of the Temple of I atheism. God, Soul, Spirit
antl imm0rtality will hr moltPn in a new fur·n~tce and
\,·ill prpparr the wa~' for th e pracel'nl beginning of a
11e.11' ethi ral era. Political and religious disturbances
Iran• shaken the spi r·itual foundations of all nations,
hut I see Nt~h growiug wiser. 1 see the passing show
of the world-drama fade lik•• th e glowing of evening
upon the mo~mtains , and with ouc motion of the hand
of "COmme r cialism.' a m·11· histor·y hegins.
Peace or War?
· ~
By A. E. BRIGGS
S
ilALT.J it he peace or wad \Y p are in the balance.
HoosevPlt says wt· must tight to "preserve our
honor." lJ c· dot•s not compute the "cost." He says
"wa r· ;!t any 1)1'in•." The price is the !ires of the
workin g l'IH~s of thl' nations to the conflict. Some011<' has " insultrd " us: Sfmd out a million innocent
11·ork!'rs to kill a million innocent workers of another
nation m· h r killl'd. Vitlicate "our honor, " in the coin
of the hl.ootl of th e worket·s.
All Emope ha;, goon•• iusane and in its insanity it
has uot t'l'l'n " r esp ectt>d the rights of Americans. "
Brin g (\!1 the ~uns. Rriug on the working men. Bring
on tht• mat·hint>ry of drath. Go to it, yon workers. Go
in to th r month. of the cannons you haw made for your
indn<>tr·inl ma!':trrs:. Tt is your "duty." You are
"pntJ·iot .. ,
Yom Jill rioti m that lead you to laughter wa
made h~· tlw owner.· of munition factories where the
~un. were made that willltill you. Your "patriotism"
l'On. i. t<> of flag-worship and Roo eveltian screams. It
i "fir·e<'rllckPr pntrioti. m." It is"my country, right
~ ·
or wrong. .. l (is the "patr:iotism " that has bathed the
past in blood~ de!';troyed that for which it is sup·
posrd to stan . It is the "patriotism" that, if not
ciYilized and. chr stianizcd and modernized al}d edu·
<'atcd, will leave the world, once more, one vast wilderness.
Whnt is the remrdy~ Do you want a remedy! To·
r emove the cause of war is the remedy. The cause of
all war is gain or profit.
So long as we have individualism will we have war.
So long a. we Ji,·c ·under a system that makes every in·
di,·icual under it an industrial enemy of every other.
will we havl' war.
The alternative of war is collectivism. ·T he alter·
natiw of war is indu<>trial democracy. The alternati ve
of war is thE> economics of Christ. The alternative of
war is . ocialism.
Is th<' prie <' too high T There is but one price for
prat>e. The writer is "for peace at any price. "
Let those who would not pay the price go to the
frnnt :. Lrt them forget e\T<'ry ideal that accidentally
�found way to their brains: Let them attend the Bag too hlgh to pay for peace 1llld for univa-Sill brothel'hot~d t
exercise and worship the ymbol, the emblem, the idol,
Never kilif
o, nev~r, except in -d~n: e O.f ()Ul'
a~; does thf' pagan.
lives. If men eome to· our land to rob an!l kill us. w
The price you will pay for peace .will be the sur- have no ehoice and we must defend ou:rsel
g- ins
r··nd£>r of the privil~ge to 1..-111. The price yon will pay murderous man we mu t defend our elv · , a gllln t
for peace will be the surrender of military taxes. The . murderous beasts.
price you will pay for peace will be the surr~r of
The time-~orn b II of war . nov · head 'i · funeral
murder and of carnage and of waste and of hatred march. .Jt i ilent, let u hope, forev r. The twentieth
and of a blaek heart and of death. · Do you want to Pf!Y Ct'ntury·.beU i ringing for p ace, for broth rhood, :for
th• priee 1 Are you not conYinced tht>re is no price sol}dari~, for co..operatjon for th economic of hri t.
Speak, What Thin·k ·· ye of the War? .
By ER
R
EST DESLA
l' LER~ of nati ns, from thy throne cast down
Th.v statl.Jy rohr, thy scepter and thy crown,
Humhlin gs of diseontPnt cause t hee to frown.
Th.\' eit.iz(•ns, wilt thou dar·e ignore?
Spt ·:t k, what think y c• of the war·!
:\n· thy (•dii'ts, the hcr·itage of kingly dower ?
Otr,.,.
not thy royal hirth as token of thy power,
!\nr hail thy divine right from yon palace tower .
TIJ,. dignity of thi nr offirl' cannot overawe,
SJwnk, what think ye of the war!
D
Ye soldiers,· -with gun and swords anaycd,
Ready to · kill thy victim undismayed;
Fiirich 'not, lest authority upbraid.
Art thou exaited .to shed thi gore t
Speak, what think ye o·f. the war!
Ye niothe.r s· and babe", who are ever d ar,
Bid th~m strength of hea rt, kiss 'way all fear;
Dost thou consider some ber~ft woman 's tear 7
.Arouse thy ·t endcrnt>sR we now implore.
Speak, what think ye' of th.e war I
Stanrl up, yc statesmen at our command ;
Is th e mandate held within thy hand
To brin g despair thr·ongJJOut the land ?
Why sanctio11 this r rign of man-made law YRpt>ak, what think ye of the war!
Ye populace- know· y~ not ye have th might
'l'o cry halt upon this blo<;>dy sight ?
·
Why look on und is~urbt>d, as if to show delight 7
Does a stupor permeate thy core 1
f-lpeak,· what . think ye of the
. war!
Yr priests and preachers of earthly realm oruained,
Who with Cro~s and Bool< hl ess battl efi eld, now stained
" 'it h blood of the rlead, the dying and maimedIs this th e God ye would adore?
~Jwnk. whnt think yc of th e war!
\\'hat . lovill¥ God would e'er proclaim
Chnos· i'n hff own domain
1'ill p erft>ctrd souls <'tlll hut remain 7
Ts this the rul<· of Christian lore?
Rpt>ak, wl1at wills this co. mic war!
Yt> mystic nnll devotee, who knet>l daily at thy shrine- Y e star·s, whif·h r rflrct to earth f'ach night y., sluggn rd of Yile estate who in luxury repine :
Ye Rtm, a s;vmhol of a greater LightThe increase of th~r wealth betrays a marked decline: () God, 1hou dost revrnl to us thy might.
Prophets, eer , and dreamers galore,
. Tn suppliration, we wait at li eaven 's door.
~pt•ak, what think vr of the war!
f-lpeak, what think Yf' of the war I
I
.
Picturing Our Hero
wt'. gladly pr:e ent to
reader the
I ;\ latet hist istrtw-to-hfe
portra1t of Amerrca '. forf'ml)·.·
\H'
ot~r
fi\!h ting mnn. Jum.Jum i hown on page ix. in a
nnf! Nl y po . th('wed like an Avrock hull and
tuskt'd like tht' g reat c:we bear. H ere " " ee. thank
. tn tht> kill o,f that f'minent arti t and ~ocif'ty fan~ritf',
R<>bf'rt ~Iinor, tlrl' ruo t t'minent troglo?yte in hi.· lair.
n<~tu r·al
/
gnawing with gu. to aml ~uttera] growl the gre n kull
slain on the plains of Pla!tsburg.
Wi tn~>s. his j oy a'! hr mumbles the bon
and grist le!f
and joint!! of thr frf'sh · slain pacifist from Pas aic or
Po.lunk • re in tl.f' open corui'tenance pictured here
thr f·unnin~ :md f'raft of one wJ.:!o wiJI eVe'l' stand f'11st
against Chfnnfyin!!' of our glorious republic.-A. 1\f.
or :nnanyco<idlc ju. t
�The Western Comrade
24
I
Hope-And a Car!
KNO\V there's a car for me somewhere
Which is coming to make me as free
as air;
To swing and swoop . from place to
place
And take a turn at setting the pace.
No longer to climb with draging feet
The Jo ~g long pull to Outlook street,
But thr·ow in tlie clutch and soar
aloft
LikP a b_ird halaneed on 'pinions soft.
Pictures for Propaganda
~:~hoot Capitalism.
··
I r·i-;<• with the dawn to try· my car
•t
-With .a
:Stereopticon
Whieh
will dash away with its
rhythmie jar
To fill my soul with space and light
'Er1· T shut myself in for the daily
fight
•
For dollars- or rents; the right to
li \'(!
\\'ill Ita,.,. soml' mPaning when mus,.J ps !!iVP.
To tlw r•liJ'I'I'~ and jolts of the mountain pass
(~uit,. lll'yond reaeh to ffil' now, alas!
Anyone . can · lectu:re · with the aid of pictures; t hey tell t.h e
story, you point out t he moraL Pictures draw a crowd where
other mea~s fail. They make your work doubly effective,
We tell ·you bo'v to get the greatest results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete :information.
t\ nd t hPn at nig ht. whC'n WOt'k is
3493 Eagle Street .
doni'
\\' ith sonwonr, tlw right one, full of
fun
A ntl tPnd l' t' SWC'PtnPss we '11 glide
along
W Otlf'll hy th P o~:NITl 's agr-long song.
And rhttt f'or II house and lot y Oh,
no!
F'or· a higgrr c·ar in which to stow
'l'hC' stridl y \)CC'rlfnl, a kitchenette,
A n<l th r n--the hey of the fields, you
lwt !
-A. C. A.
The Hellishness of War
1
In u protest against the alleged
mistreatment of Japanese in Germnny, Bar·on Chinda says the Nipponese wer·e thrown into prison and
kept there without r egard to class.
This is ten·ible! Awful! It emphasir.es thl' hellishness of war. Why
not nwr·e]y impri on the working
(•lnss 1 The member·s of the working
class 11re inured to hardships, and
jails wouldn 't hurt them-but the
oth er elass should be shown some
con ideration.
' That which a man makes or produees i his own, a again t all the
world-to enjoy or to d stroy, to use,
to ex hange, or to g ive. No one el e
can rightfully claim it, and hi exclu ive r ight to it involves no wrong
to anyone el e. '- Henry George.
W: SCOTT LEWIS
Los Angeles, California
Socialists Attention !
In order tq place a copy of our catalogue
of union-mad-e goods in the hands of
every reader of The Western Comrade,
w~ will send postage prepaid, on receipt
of FIFTY CENTS, .one of our genuine
sheepskin-leather card cases BE~G
THE UNION LABEL.
This card case contains four pocket&,
one large for bills and papers, one for
your dues-stamp book, and two with
transparent windows for union membership cards. This Ia the ONLY CARD
CASE on the market made by Organized
Labor and bearing the union label. . It Is
no longer necessary for a class-conscious
Sociallst to be Inconsistent. ·
Send fifty cents in stamps or money
order.
-MUTUAL UNION TR.ADING COMPANY
(The only exclusive union label mercb&ndlaera)
( Owned and m&naged by members of the worklnz elaaa)
9 Boa rd- f Trade Court, CHICAGO, ILLS.
�The We s tern Comrade
. 25
Teasing Tad
J i\'EVER
st~e a pollywog,
_\ouin:r in a cr·eek,
" nhaque:ons potential frog,
But unto him I squeak:
n protoplasmic tadpole,. why
YOUr pPS!';imist.ic air ?
.\ surTPptitious glance at I
Sh ould wean y ou from despair.''
1 slyly pokr him in t he rib,
"\nd say : "We twain, we might
ll•· quasi-cousins, ch, Amphiblou" Prt>-Adamite '! " - E. d '.O.
Offense of a Fence!
. "'JOliN SEHG E~ came to his death·
as th e r rs ult of a bullet fired
fro111 h,·hi nd th e ferlce of th e Tide" ;il<·r· Oil pl ant in Bayonne, in the
h;tnd or ha nds of per·sons unknown.".
- Coroner's verdict in the
dered ~t riker.
~a se
of a mur -
Tbis statement that th e fence was
itt t lr P hand or hands of p et·sons unknown is not r epr·inted to show a
s;llnpi P of the pmity of English as
, <t,· is spoke a ntl writ in New .Jcr·sey.
Th•· mea ning of th e jury is clear. lt
l 'll'« nt to sav t hP fenc·e was in th<•
ha nd or ha~d s of persons unidenti .
fi t•d hv th em.
.-\t ~ur age it requires little ·to remind us of a stor·y :
:-:ome Indiana patriots erected a
fLtg-staff, rove halliat·ds and hoist Old
(;]( rv to the neak. A vandal awaited
•·o 1·r~ of the 'uigh.t and stole the t extil<· fabri c. An indignation meeting
fo llowed. The town patriarch made
tlw great sprcch and his perot·ation
w a ~:
· ' I say if any man · or men shall
haul down the flag or flags he shall
ht• shot to death on the spot or
spots ' " - G. E . B. ·
Wait, But Don't Stop!
\\'hen you get a prospective subsq ·ihcr· for '!'he \Vestern Comrade
r·•·a<: hing for· his weaselskin pockethook, kerp aftet· him and get him
ou onr of our combination offers.
II •· needs the American Socialist,
l't·a rson 's :\fagazine, the :Milwaukee
llail:v Leader, the Mexican Revolt.
( ;d him on one or all combinations.
:\lake the deal and send the postnffire money order. W e will back
you up. This is an opportunity to do
some good propaganda work and to ·
~: i re impetus to the movement which ·
)' Qll have so near to your heart.
REVOLT
IN M..EXICO
.
-
· Read the Correct 1nterpr,et~tion of Underlying" Motives in the
· Most..Remarkable and: Valuable Book of .the Year
The· .M exican People,;.- .
Their S,tr~ggle · for Fre.e dom
·-B1-
L,
Gutie~ez . de. Lara
and Edgc\unb Pinchon
•
•••
Eug.e~e V. :nebs says:
"• ··•· • It is written from the point
of view of the working clal!s, the tillers of
the soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these centuries of toil
and . tears an4 blood. and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves frow." ..the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and. on the
other by the .military power."
•••
Georgia Kotsch says:
'' • •
• It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents the stark truth that ·
American and world capitalism has· been,
and is, in league against the proletariat of
Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved. and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican· proletariat is in greater or:
less degree and in varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country:"
•••
Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
We will send you this book and The W esterft Comrade for one
year for $2.00
�The Western Comra de
26
Hell For Its Makers
PEARSON'S
is the only Magazine
of its kind
This is why:T hree years ago Pearson's decided to
be a free magazine.
This is what it did:ABANDONED FANCY COVERS
CUT OUT COLORED PICTURES
ADOPTED PLAI :-l PAPER
This was the puryose:A plain form would enable the magazine to live on its 1ncome from subscriptions and monthly sales. It
would not have to consider the effect .
on advert isers when it wanted to print
the truth about any public question.
T his was the result:Pearson's now prints t he truth about
some question which affects your welfare in every issue. It prints/acts
...
which no magazine that depends on advertising could
" afford ' ' to print.
And, with all this, Pearsonsstill prints
as much fiction and entertainment
articles as other magazines. If you
want plain facts instead of p retty
pictures buy a copy on the news
stand for 15 cents, or subscribe by
the year for $1.50.
By special arrangement with Pearson's we are able to make you the
following clubbing offer.
You can get bott. PEAR SON' S MAGAZINE and
T H E WESTERN COM RADE for one year by
sendi ng $1.50 (the price of
Pearson'• alone ) to
(Continued from Page 12)
out life and no law has been broken.
1\fERL-No. It hall be worst'.
CAPT. P E RKINS-Then is my
CAPT.
PERKIN
(awed )punishm~ to be very severe
·wor se! (Again· throws .himself nt
M:ER.L-1 think there are one· or the feet of Mer!.) . Tell me! 1- I two ot her s here in hell w4ose pun- must know- now ! God I Is th er~
ishment is a trifle worse;. but. -for no way out I
.
t he most par t it is..a terrib_le or'deal.
MERL (laughs ) -You did not
CAPT. PERKINS (frightened) h ~sitate to punish those Turks - -'-Can't I do some_thing to get out
·CAPT. PERKINS-Yes-yeso.f it 1
.
yes, I know- but I did not know
" MERT-There is nothing to do. , then-1 did not understand..-bnt
CAPT. PERKINR (going to his . now-cannot God help ?
knt>es )-T will give you a thousand
1\fERT.;-Not now ; it is too lak
po unds sterling-··
.
CAPT. PERKINS (echoing l ~fERJ ,
( wavin~· him aside )Too late !
~lo rwy r·an 't buy salvatiOil from
::\1ERT; (pulls him again r oughly
hell !
· ·
·
to his feet ) -Come! (M'erl stamps
CAPT. PERKINS
(clutching twice. 'l'h e six devile enter.) Sh'ow
ti~ht the coat of l\Ierl )-God, yes! · Capt. P erkins to his punishm ent.
CAPT. PERKTNS- 'reU me, first: .
!t must! TRke everything I have.!
.\ly houw in England! ·l \fy for.tune ! what it is! (The devils seize him
and he str-uggles to . free himself.)
( .\lf•rl laughs sai·castically. )
('APT. PERKI NS-Take my
?lfElUJ-You-shall- (Capt. P er.
fami ly! ~ ry 'vife and daughter~! kins listens dejectedly) face your
~par e me! T- I- - ( breaks down
mnrd er·ed three thousand and eterar tcl sobs ) .
nallv and forever write on a wall
~ I EHI.; (pulls him r oughly to his in ietter·s of blood these words:·
fp pt i -Get up! Your punishment' ."J MURDERED YOU! I .MUR.
In,·nits.
DERED YOU!" (Capt. P erkins
( 'APT. PERKINS-God! (Sobs. ) swoons and is carried out, and the
\\'hat is it 1 What am I to do ? rrackling laughter of the. six devils
~lEHL -Follow! (Leads way to is drowned amidst the groans and
'iid1• stag1'. Capt. P erkins follows, shrirks of the victims who greet
dPjrd t'rl l!nd broken in spirit.)
th r m with their prey off stage. The
('.\ PT. PERKINS (drawing hack , noise dies down. Merl standing
ag-ain fright~ned )-No! Not with with arms folded smiles in sar casm
tlrt> r·lrrg.v-I don't get thei r pun- afltl norls his head in delight. )
islrmrnt ?
(CFRTAIN)
Rights vs. Power
HAT does a right get you }liss Flynn announces she will
when you haYe not the power hring suit against the city. Chief
of Polirt> Bimson pnt it straight and
The Western Comrade
to hnc:k it up?
923 H I GGINS BLDG.
P ower brings tht> rights and t•n- without a quibble when he said:
LOS ANGELES, CALI F.
"You may have the right to speal,
forre them. Abstract '' acred ''.
•·igbts of citizens are nuJlified by but' we have the power to pre-vent ya.1:
W ell put and true.
the mt-anest lowbrow elubswinger
THE JONES BOOK STORE
Elizahrth puts in many tellin!!
that
walk
a
beat.
If
vou
don't
be226 \\' t->'t t'irst St., Lo Angele , Cal.
llt"adqnnl"lt>r·s for the be t ocialist lit>Vt> it go out dres ed-like a work- 1irks for thr workers. She has donf
ing man and try to exercise your :1 ·world of good and we admire
hook~ ami litt>ratmre.
a ... rerl inalit>nahle rights of frt>e her-BPT)lis-:~ Ji'JVlm hf"liPVPR "in threct ar·
pee ·h at any point that i made
INS:uRANCE
t~on-so
!lo Wf', an of us. She hf·
taboo
by
plutouatie
poweF.
F ire, Life, Accident , Llahlllty
Eliza!, th Gm-lev :F1.-nn reeen Jv lievt> 'in i.! so strongly that >~he
A u tomobile, Etc.
a:e.s.t Comp.anle...
Lo,west Rates
overlook . ne:;dll'c-t jf not . corms thf
ltmrll exl'ent-Dt pr~ofi ~f the
P. D, NOEL
lfHi)Wer o\·t>nides right whenever title nry thing that puts dre dub &f
-PitanesMaln 5241. A· 4!i33:
Rutdenc.e 31238
null tt-rs
o decree. Deni~d the powf'r ill tne bmmds of plutoerati~
W kU be 11,ladl t .o. caUl Oh you
· rigE1t to speak im Paterson, ~ . .J., po.ire alllthority-pofith~d action.
W
way
j
�The Western Comrade
27
Knit Underwear
.•
Cheapest Becaus~ 1t We·a rs. Best
~en's
omen's
Un ion Suits, low neck, knee length, sizes 32
to 44 ............. . . . .. .. ..... : ......... . .. $1.25
l ' nion Suits, half low n eck, elbow sleeves, ankle
length, sizes 3'2 to 44.. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. 1.25
Under VeRts. sleeveless, sizes 30 to 44... . ..... .3f
Night Robes, s izes 32 to 46 . . .. .. .......... . .. . 1.50
Hose, extra wearing, black, sizes 8 to 10 1h... . . .30
Hose, light weight, all colors, sizes 8 to 10%. . . .50
Undershirts, light weight; eream, sizes 34 to 44 .. $ .75
Undershirts, light weight, blacli, sizes 34 to 44 . . 1.00
Drawe rs, light weight, cr eam, sizes 30 to 44.... .75
Drawers, light weight, cream, sizes 30 to 44 ... . 1.00
Shirts: a!ld :()rawers, double fl e~ced, grey, sizes
30 to 44 .... . . . ...... . .. . . .................. 1.25
Shirts imd Drawe~s. Egyptian cotton, ecru,
sizes 30 to 44 ... . . .... .. .. ...... ... . .. . .... . 1.50
Men's Hose
J•;x tra wearing ,·alue, black, sizes 9 to 11% ... .. $ .25
Heavy we ight, black, sizes 9 ·to 11 %. 3 pairs . ... 1.00
Girls'
Children's
Boys'
Union Suits, sizes 20 to 30 ... $.50
Union Suits, better grade,
sizes 20 to 30.. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. 1.00
Hose, black, tan or· white,
sizes 6 to 10 %....... ... .. . . . .25
Taped unions, answering
purpose of a waist, sizes
20 to 28 ................... $ .65
Same as above, only bett er grade, sizes 20 to 28 . . . 1.05
Union ·Sqits, size~ 20 to 32 ... . $ .60
Union Suits, b". ter grade,
sizes 20 to 32 .. ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Sportsman's· hose for boys,
sizes 6 to 10% ........ .25 . to .40
Pure Wool Goods
Made by "\¥ ool Growers' Co-operative Mills:
Direct From Sheep's Hack to Your Back.
Black and Grey Mackinaw Coat, length 35
inches, sizes 36 to 44 ....................... $8.00
Trousers, Grey and Navy Blue, usual sizes ... ... $4.00
Shirts, Grey and Navy Blue, usual s izes .. . . . .. . 3.00
Blankets
White or grey, i0x82 in., weight 5 Jbs ... ... .. ... $7.85
Grey, 70x82 in., weight 7% lbs .... ... .......... 9.90.
Llano del Rio Community
(Mail Order Department)
923 Higg.ins Bldg.
Los Angeles_, Cal.
(Make all che~ks ·or money onlers payal.Jie to Llano del Rio Company)
·.
�'t•'
The Western Comrade
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~43
Entered as second-cius ma tter at the
po•t oftlce at Los Angeles, Cal.
124 Higgi ns Building,' Loa Angeles, Cal.
Subscri ption Price One Dollar · a Year
- In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Job Har r i man, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor ·
Vol. III
September, 1915
No.5
Random Shots
JI P \ ·,. r ,
n ev E"r , n ev er
shall I:Je
S !a \- s .- 1-Jowa rd B niiJa k EI', In The 1\'lasses.
Bri ton~
Cougl'atu lations
and
greetings!
!Iow did you t' Ver· gPt that ::;Jav thin g
past th•·
print<~ !' ·~
* ;{' *' .
Durnha has atldt•d a hit to the
gai .. t,v or <I ghastly Sl'aSOII. His inIIO<'t'r1<'l' and nai\'t•ttt• is most drollor was he Dumha 'nuff to think he
t·oulcl affr·ont th e stef'l trust and not
:,.:<'1 Iris passports 9 (Thirty days on
til•· r<H'kpil e !)
!low <: ennan diplomats must lra Yc
laughPd- Sl'<'l'etl.v and diplomatieally
hPhirHl t·loscd doors- whPn th e .
\\'HEN Tim \\"ELSH -'lllNERS C A~TE lJP OUT OF
Anwr·it·an note was rPeeived. Those
THE GRO UND
astutP Tutons, who know that s o•·aiiPd international lnw is a lways
-.f,rA. \ \ H fo r \\"est ern romrude by ~~- A . .K empf
<·h<llrging- always follows th e Jll'eds
of international capitalism- must tb e tinws wel'e uever· so r·1pe fo r det· a rifle a nd ma rch to Pola'nd or
havP hur·st into a gale of wi ld laugh- JWOpa ga mla.
Galieia and shoot 'at· H einrich YOU
ter when they r ead the words " the
~r:
Dubbh eimer -of. Germany . Duhb·
pr·irwiples of intcl'l1atioual law ar·c
T he rrport of th e F ed er·al He- kowski doesn 't know it, but he ·has
immutnhl c.. , Har! har! har!
serve Board t o the effect that for· an ally 'Enry Dubb of H eng·
American hanks were Shylocking land, .:\1 ichael McDubb of · Irela nd,
,;E
People of I>Omt' Ameril'an eitirs t'l'<'n to tht• point of charging J20 'Arry ~facDuhb of Scotland, H euri
pay twt•nt.y-fivf' hiuds of taxes. Th ese per 1't>nt interest aroused a snort of Le Duhoux of F r all(·e and llashia l'l' t lw 11 fter·hites the wor·ker·s suffer. shortlivt·d indignation. Th e finger· mura Duboki of Japan .
As Dooley said ahout Dewey:
T he toil (•rs art' rohbetl at the point of of seorn was pointed at somebody
p roduction and exploited when they in some oth er state fo r· a minute " W e are a gr-r-eat fnmil y."
!':eek to bu.v what they have pr·oduced. then th e story wlls for·gotteu. No
Eastern newspap ers are worried
T hr:v p ay inter·f'st, rent and twenty- city or· stah• is f n•e fr·om th e outrage of usury . Jn ' Los Angeles 24 ahout the American breadwinners
fiv e kinds of tl\...xes.
Tn Cle1·eland thf'v 1·un to varied per eent is chft r·ged on trust d ef'ds who wer e drowned when the Lu i·
taxe~. whilf' in Los "Angeles ther e is aud th e excuse is given that they tania was torp~doed. It is a ma zinu
that they get away with this bunk
a mad tr·end towanl licenses and as- nre " slrort tim r loans." P eopl e ar
sessments. Under the cloak of . o- heing di. posses ·r d of t heir homes. H enr·y Dubh comes back f rom hi
pleasant little job (when he· .has
t•all ed impr·ovemcnts a horde of graft- A prominen t public official of Lo
Angeles is connf'ct Pd with a Sh~' one) of 14 hours ' toil in the rolling
in~ cm1tnr ctors have brought about
salrs of strf'et and sewer honds that loekiJlg fir·m that charges 24 per· mill, where they kill a ' 'breadwibhnvf' 111nonnted to confiscation of th e eent. Anvone want to star·t some- n er '' every f ew hours, and read in
his penny sheet that some bread
homes of manv of the workers and thing ? A. k for nam rs and fa cts.
" ·inners are kill ed in the war ·r.one
impo. ed a staggering burden on
7(:
"Fighting is d r·a wing near t o on a fl oating a rsenal. Henry i
others.
Conditions d oubtless · will be Dubgorod," says .the dispat r hes then expected ..to make an ass of
worse hefore they are better, but .from the front. Go rod mf'ans " the himself by sobbing himself to sleep
t here are most encouraging signs place of the.,. Thus we locate .tlw or wildly demanding vengennce
of a great awakening. Hungry holl)e of H enrivitch Duhbko\\:"ski ag-ainst th e murder er. Henry is eX·
Henry list ens eagerly these days and of Russia who is forced to shoul- peet('(i to do this-and he does.
.
*
* ;.::
*
* * *
* *
�The Western Comrade
Should Sanity Strik.e
By
A
s
ALBER~
A. JAMES
..The American ·Sncialist
Official Orau of tlae
we attempt to explain o~ workers are in abject poverty in
.
·plan of operation at the Llano this age of the ·world's greatest ladel Rio Colony, we are often struck bor-sav~g machinery, .a nd y~t can
The Amerlc;an
apeab
with the seeming impossibility for religiously support an : industrial
with ~uthority. It ia a pow;erful
the average man who does useful system that drive~ ·womf,n to pt"ostilnbor to throw off the idea that the . tution and men to the life of a)6penews and propaganda weekly
ownership of the means of produc- less vagabonq. 0.1' t~ open rebellion.'
and, is the only paper in the
t ion must rest in some individual or against society-su.ch a man "would
United Stat es which ·gives an
1·orpora-tion whose sole purpose is be unhappy withQut a boss to absorb·
account
of the ~fficial · business
the exploitation of the worker.
the product of h~ labor. ·. · ·• ·
of the Socialist Party.
The Socialist writers and speakShould sanity suddenly s~rike the
•·l·s hnve been pounding away at great mass of working men such in- ·
Every Socialist. Every Student of Socia111is point for years, but it seems im- dividuals would have to. be · herded
lism
should be a subscriber.
pnssible for many of the workers to into a stockade a'n d there provided
throw off the o1d psychology, and with a great sto'ne aod Whom they
Subscriptio~ Price.
~··•· that they themselves, under could fall down aQd .wo~ hi.p as boss
50 cents· a year.
~nnw plan of organization, must asand as the author of their salvaslllllC the responsibility of ownertion ft·om hunger. ·
.
The American Socialist and The
ship of 1 hE' means of production.
In order to make the simple. ones
Western Comrade can be had .in
It rcquil'f's infinite patience when perfectly contented it might . he
combination for one year by sendm· find so many willing, so many necessary to provide ·a stone ima'~re
ing $1.25 to
d..terminecl to enter into numerous of a prostitute press on the one side
do·tails that have no bearing on the and on the other side might be
THE WESTERN COMRADE
g-reat object in view.
placed an iinage representing a
924 Higgins Building
A man who can conscientiously prostitute pulpit. The oracle of
·Los Angeles, Cal.
11nd r eligiously sell an honest work- such a press would continually cry
ing man a suit of clothes for $21.50 ont for the workers to arm them11nr\ rcprcs!'nt it as an extra value, srlves and go forth as valiant sol- . .- - - - - - -- - - - - - ---.
whrn the labor cost is $3.22, cannot diers to defend the wealth created
'.'The Great Workl~g Claea Dally"
undt'rstand how men can, by co- hy lahor but possessed by the..
THE
operation , produce their necessities hoss!'s. The oracle of such a pulin eight hours, and in the evening pit would continually cry out
d11nce to the music made by their "Servants, ohey your master,"
t·•Jm rades.
anrl r epr esenting the jingoes of all
This is especially hard for a man natioris, would bless the armies
to understand if his boss has hired
and pray loudly that each of the
"Unawed by lnfll.llnce
and Unbribed by Gain"
11 perfectly good preacher to tell
ront!'nding nations should be vic- •
him and his fellow slaves that the torious.
l~•lllor-VIotor L. Der~er.
.-\RSIHinntH- James Howe, A. M. Slmdanee is au awful sin aud that the
Under such an environment the
ot•s, ()"more Smith, Tho m ns S. Anp1·otit of $18.28 lwlongs to the owll- drar ones who dare not think
dr ~w~.
PI'S of the means of production, by
ronld ooze out into the great un'l'lw 1-ea<lcr Is publis h e d In Amer!oa's
" •lh·ine right."
known, knowing throughout their
s! ron:::hohl or Socialism.
lt Is the
~:rPa tP.Ht Englis h Socialist Dally In the
r\ man who would sell to his fel- declining years that all was well
•··ot 1<1. It is a Mod rn Metro nil t a n
lnw mnu a town lot for $1500.00 with their masters.
nally, containing the latest news.
with a building erected thereon at
Reriously, the writer does not
. Among Its distinctive reaturPs nre:
1111 additional cost of $2000.00 wncn
wish to cast the slig'htest reflection
SOCIALIST NEWS PAGE, LA·
II,• know that the wage of a labor- on the religious helief of any in;
BOR NEWS P AGE, SP ORTING
PAGE, MAGAZINE SECTION,
ing man will not permit him to oc- clividnal.
e who see the crimes
WOMAN'S PAGE, EDITORIAL
the name of Him who
''"PY a place that actually co~t in rommitted
PAGE.
drpreciation. taxe , insurance and oied for the poor and dispossessed
ThP pt·lcP or The r-eader Is 25c per
'nonth; $3.00 J)('r year.
intere t , 41.00 per month-such a must of nec~>ssity hid e our fact:?s
man cannot understand how labor- in sl1arne. Those who are so indiC'omblnatl•m offer. with
ing men, by co-op rative effort can viduali tic that they refuse to sec
The WESTERN COMRADE
!!et vain equivalent to ; 4.00 per Rny social crime find themselves
Roth for one }'ear ror $3.00 (the
day when they are living on town hrlpless when they attempt to in11rl t'e or the Milwaukee Leader alone) ,
lot that co t 1.67 each, and live in YP!'tigate a co-operative movement.
Ad<lr sa:
hou e proportionately cheap beIt would be as impossible for
Circulation Department
'·au e::<..-ploitation has been omitted. such peuple to understand our
923 Hlgglna Bldg.,
A man who i aware of the facf <>oloni1.ation scheme as it ~as for
Loa Angeles, Calif,
! hat 90 p r cent of the world
· the hangers-on at t~e Court of King
SOcialist Party of America.
Sociali.t
MILWAUKEE
.LEADER
�30
T h e W e s t e r n· C o m r a d e
George IJI to u nderstand why our
Colonial for efathers left the ''beautiful civilization" under their monarch and ti·aveled the dangerous
seas to establish homes in th e wilderness of J\ merica, fo,r we have
-pe•1plr! today wh0 as t horoughly
hc li evP in t IJ p divi ne ri g ht of capital to ntlr th e woT'Id as people belicvPd in t hat duy that kings ruled
l1y "d ivinc righ t." ·
.For· those• who w1sh to establish
an inr1m;trial democracv. there is no
new c·ontiiH·ut.
\\' e • must build
within thr· r·Hpitalistir: <.:ystcm coinmuniti•·s f'ot !lldt·d ou indust rial justice.
Ignorance is the Great
Curse! ·
....
_
Do you know, for
passion?
Stupid, pernicious prudery ldng,.bas: bJ.Lnded us to sexual truth. Science
was slow in entE:ring this vital field. ln recent years commercialists
eyeing profits have unJoad!!Q·tlllany un scientific and dangerous_ sex books.
Now, .the world's' great scientific minds a re dealing with this subject upon
which human happine ss often depentls. No longer is the subject taboo
among Intelligent people.
We t ake pleasure In offer.ing to the American public
the work ·of one of .the world's greatest authorities upon
the question of sexual life. He is August Fore!, M. D.,
Ph. D., LL. · D., ·of ·zurich, Switzerland. His book will
open your eyes to yourself and explain many mysteries.
You w ill be better for this knowledge.
· (Continu ed frotn Page 21)
First Aid
Kr:ene on th e promenade deck of
a ~an Fran r: isco steamer. Pretty
t om·ist, batt ling with th e · wind,
linall.v snceerds iu turnin g half ·hi teh
with YPil over her flyiri g ha ir and
neatl,v t y ing a bowline heueath a .
dimpl ed chin.
Appro}lch B cr;t En gle with Pan:trna elnte hed in one hand and toupee
in })TJOther:
" I h·g your pardon, madam, if
~·o n lwn~ another· veil and will lend
it to me, I wi ll t ic MY hai r on."
Every professional man and woman, those dealing with social, medical,
criminal, legal, religious ·arid .educatio.n al matters will find this book of
immediate value. Nurses.. police officials, heads of public institutlcns,
writers, judges, cle rgymen and teacher s are urged to get tl:iis book at once.
The subject is treated from every point of view, The chap ter on "love
a nd other irradiations of th!Ol .sexual appetite" is a profound exposition
of sex emotions-Contraceptive means discussed-:-Degeneracy exposedA guide to all in domes_tic relations-A great book .by a great man.
" The Sexual
Q1,1estion'~
H er etofore sold by subscription, oniy to physicians. No w offered to
the public. Written in plain terms. Former price $5.50. · Now sent prepaid for $1 .60. This is the rev ised and enla r ged Marshall English translation. SPnd check, m oney order or stamps.
Gotham Book Society,
. Dept. -387
General Dealers in Books, Sent o n Mail Order
142 West 23rd St., New York, N .Y.
Hope for W hite Hope
r\ Pity prospect accompanied by a
pretty young woman approached openttions of some J,la no bricklaye rs
:tm1 showed deep intc1·rst. Gibbon,
fltrwpcJ. lik e a_Thor , a nd hra rd ed like
a pnrd; rca<;;cd singing as he sent the
mixin g hoe surg ing through the
plasti c· mass. Th e city man saw admirRtion in tlw g irl 's eyes, and said
to Gihhon :·
'"l'hat looks easy enough. Do you
sn pposc I ro uld ]cam to do it Y"
" Wdl ," said Gibbon slowly, afte1·
g iving the rather robust prospect a
fJ ll iek OnC P- OVe J•, "1, tl1ink )'OU
t•onld ." Th en h e spat m editatively
nnd added : " Yon see, this h er e is a
joh for a f e1low with a No.4 hat and
a 44 shirt."
t1Je scientific di fferen ce between love and
Human l.if.e is full of hid!!Oll,S' exhibits of wretchedness due to ignorance of. sexu3:1 n.ormality.,
'
Our Wonderful School
ing sl'q ur nr·rs of work :wd play ar·e
phumpfl h••I'I' h~' tlw t caehpr·. H er e.
in Dr·. 1\1ontessori 's house and garden
of rhildlr ood th(• kindergartPn er finds
hrr idra l kinclt>rgarten, wh ere the
r·hildr·r·n blossom into maturity of
l'r·,.liug a ut! thought as naturally as
flo\\'Prs bl oom in a \l't•ll.kept garden."
ins~nce,
The British Columbia F"ederationist
Room 217
LabOr Temple
Vancouver, B. C.
$1.25 Per Y !:)ar
Issued Weekly
. R. Parm P-ettlpl ece, Manag ing Editor
A labor pappr unpara lle!Pd by any labor paper o! Canada.
EndorsPd b)' thP Vletol'ia Trades and Labor Council and
K p w ·wPstminst er Trades and Labor Coun cil. Official
oq:a1i of the Van couver Trades and Labor Council and
British C'nlumbia F ..rt ..ration of Labor. The paper tor
Industrial l'nlt)', P olit ical l:nlt y, Str..ngth and VIctory ~
I f y"u ,\o not take this paper you should subscribe today ~
Te lephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building :.
Los Angeles. Cal.
Home A-2003
· Main 619
A:- J. STEVENS
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Room 514
Los Angeles, Cal.
�e
T
Llano d -e l
es eTa Co
io Co·- Opera
Lla.no California
u tiJe
T HJS
tn .Amerka.
~t Coalmllllfty
Enterprise ever
1be eoJoor wu founded by Job Hamman
o ore ~IDlliti&'!btS
benlhiJ!B or sUldt in the L'lull
ember
ld be
ID.sDUmen
and :fa Ei:tua.telr membe.rs..
lu tbe beauttful .AnU!Jope Valley, Los .A geles Cotmt,-. canlllfflla, a few JJ6un• ride trom Los Angete.s. - The coiBIJIIIIIity
Ill ~Mng tbe probl~m of dlsemptoyment and business failure.
and otrert a way to proYld'e for the fUture welfare of the
wm-keTI an4 tbefr famtlles.
Her Is an example of co-operation in actlon. Llano del
!tlo Colony it an enteTprtse untque In the history or community grou)'18.
A bou 11!:0 a.;ie or ~en ·was
sults have
mos. gratlfyln,g,..
flee.n
plan
•
Social-life in the· colony l
t d l
trill.
ments and dances are regQlar)Jr tabUshed t\tQ
ball,. basblt-,!Wl. tenniS. s '.l.mmtn&. 1l b , bun
other s'Pof'U! and •DSStimes are populiU' wttb e.U
Some ot the alms ot the colony are: To solve the problem
or unemplorm nt by providing steady emplQYIDent for the
workerl; to assure safety and comfort for the future and for
old ag ; to
uarantee educf\tlon for the children In the best
onal supervision, and to provide a social
lifo amid surroundings better than can be fou nd in the com!Wtl lv world.
Hr·hool un
r p
~om
or th se alms have been carried out during the
th colony began to work out the problems that
NHJfront pion rs: There are about 475 persons IIVIug at
tlir n w town of Lla no. There are now more than seventy
puplls In th o chools, and several hundreds are expected to be
onr·oll d b fore a year shall have passed. Plans are under
wny tor a s hool building, which will cost several thousand
tlollur·s. T he bonds have been voted and sold and there is
lltllhl ng to d lny the building,
year 11ln
8 hools hove oprn d rot· th.:l fa ll term with classes ranging
from th M nt seorl and kindergarten grades through the
lntorm dint
which Includes the first year In high school.
pupils an opportunity to take advanced sub.lt•de. Including languag s In the olony school. About fifty
lli'JliiM l\01' be n nroll d.
This
tv s th
'l'h
olony owns a tine herd or about 100 head of Jersey
find Hoi t In dairy attle and Is turning out a large amount
111'
du lry
lli'Odu t ,
Th r
Is steady demand for our out-
llllt.
'l'h r
nr!' obout 175 boss In U1 pens, and among them a
numb r or goC\d brood sows. This department will be
h·Qn p Ia! tt nUon nd ranks high in importance.
ltttll
'I'll
I ny has sixty- ight work horses, a large tractor,
tw tru 'kll 1\1\d a number of automobiles. The poultry delllll'lm nt hi\ 2000 g -makln birds, some of them blue
rlhhon lll'la~ wtnn I'S. This d partment, as all others, is in the
t•htl.l'tt
r an p t and 'it will pand rapidly.
v rat hundn~d bar In the rabbitry and the
d pnrtm nt &J s the arrivals are ln startling
There are 100~ memb~rshlps In 'th colony nnd ov r 700
or them are ·subscrilled for. lt ts bellev d that til r m lnd r
will be taken within the next few months.
The broadest democracy prev~lls tu th manag m nt ot
the colony. There Is a directorate of ·nine, le t 4 by the
stockholders, and a · community commission ot nino, I t d
by the Generaf Assembly- aU persons over 18 votln ,
biO•
lute equality-prevails In every reJ!peot. . The ulttmat POilU•
lation of this colony will be ~!!tween 6000 and 6000' p raon1.
r
The colony Is organized as a corporation und .t h • lV.WI
of California. The capitalization Is ·$2,000,000. One thouaand
members are provided for: .Each shareholder agr
to I Ub •
scribe for 2000 shares of stock.
E ar.h pays_ cash {$750) for 750 shar ll. This wil l IJ Ill·
creased to $1000 within a few month~
Deferred payments on the remaining 1260 sbaroe ar ma4e
by deducting one dollar per day (or more, 1f the m mb r
wishes to pay more rapidly) from the U wage of tb oolonJ• ,
Out of tbe remaining $3 a dlt.Y, the cotonfst g ta tb necel•
sities and comforts of life.
The balance r emalnlng to the Individual (Zr cUt Of tbe
colonist may be drawn In cash out of tbe net proceed• ol
the enterprise.
A per cent or tl!e wages may bil drawn tn cab.
Continuous employment fa provided, an4 vMAUO 1 o.r•
ranged as may be desired by the colonfat.
Each member holds an equal n ttmber ol •bara ot •to
as every other shareholder.
Each member receives· the ~e wage a. everr
member.
·
In case anyone desires to Jeave tlle colcmT
• •
and aceWDulated ftJru1 may be sold at sny t:l
Are yGU tbed or tbe compet:tU•e worl41
Do :JUIII w:aDt to get l to a poe
where e•MT I»~
sork 1rill be :for J'0!1.1'5elf aD4 your ·
Oy? Do 7tJit W':
assiiU'iii:Dee or employmt! 1illll prori~ till'
e1
for lbe booldet eat~Ded: ""Tbe Gate9n to~"' ••·
srrille for Tille Wt!lStBD Collllr.ule ($1M Jl6!l' 7.e.tJ1. a6
pot5led
the JI*Qi!iillei!.S (1/f tJae eoloi!IT- ...
(IW'
~
-
IIIEIIlllb!lrdJip.
IJRL
mo COMPAJW, m
�·Are YoU An Undesirable?
H
,__
.
.
.
AYE you· been an agitator in your vi-
of wealth" and the crushing dQwn of the
cinity f Have- you struggled and · midQ.ie cla; ses. You se~ expropriation and
worked to· make things better for humanity'? disempJoY.ment. You see your comrades ·go
lfa,·e ycm developed a spirit of · altruism, .. do~n ~d· und.er in the fi-erceness. of the
and thus became a rebel
.. struggle. SUrely yon ar'e
against the oppression of
tired of the struggle in
th<· capitali. t autocracy?.
the competitive system,
Ha \'!' yo u been honestly
where remains the inexorable the law of tooth
and (•amcstly spreaciing
1he dot:trine of disc onand claw.
tent with the system of
. Why not cast your lot
11H' despoilers ? Have
\~ith your comrades who
:vou tal.keu and agitated
for eighteen . months
fol' the coming co-operahiwe borne the brunt of
ti,·c system~ If so, you
the hardships in pioneerhave fr·iends and coming at the Llano del ~io
r·adcs and loved ones,
Co-operative Community
hut you arc und esirable
in Los· Angeles County,
so far as the capitalists
California.
and parasites are con. If you are tired of bef•P rned.
lf you have
ing exploited an~ robbed
achieved this ·much we
and want to get tb.e field
want you to go a step
. social product of your
farth er. '\Ve want you
effor·ts, turn to pages .15,
to come io the Llano del
16, 17, l 8, · 19 . and 31 of
Pio Community where
Sandbox and Irrigation Gates
this magazine and read
we are making a . great
the story of the wonderd<'monstration of the co-operation for which ful. progn•ss that has been made by tl).e Coyon have worked.
operative Comninl!lity founded by Job HarYou see the future alike of fa rmers and riman . If you are interested write f or our
city mechanic. You see the centralization hookl et, ''The Gate~ay to Freedom."
"Modern society conducts its a!l'airs under <;ircumstances w)lich
create and maintain an ever increasing burden on all humanity. Man
sustained in youth by the illusion that ability or good fortune will ·
ultimately reward him with happiness through material success, learns
sooner or later, that no peace can be his until the unmoral conditions
of commercialism and industrial competition are removed."-From
the Community Constitution.
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
M embership Department
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, California
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-09
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-09
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n05_191509
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2018-07-23
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n05
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Busting the Iron Law by George Cantrell
Third Circle of Might by Morgan Smith
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/af0201a60c8b6798521f44997c415601.pdf
f2cd17b42d30a799bd017b03c576bff2
PDF Text
Text
.J"'"'
'
~ugu
T en
t, 191S
cent•
.,
-~
.•
I
.
�•
I
ELK SKI
BOOTS a.n a SHOES
Factory opera-te4: in connection
with LLANO DEL Rio' CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots. $6.00
Men's 12·-inch boots : 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .. . .... .... . 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 . .... .... .. .. 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8Yz to 11.. .. .. .. . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 ......... 2.50
Place atocklng foot on
paper, drawing pencil
per above II·
aroul)d
luatration. Pa.. tape
around at linea without drawing tight. Give
aize uaually wor(l.
a,
IDEAL FO·O TWEAR
For Ranchers .· and· .Outdoor ·Men
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes .are lightest' and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in ligh\
handsome patterns to the high boots fo#
-mountain, hunting, ranching or desert .wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by :rpail. Take
'
measurement according
to instructions.
-out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P~ 0. order and state
'''hether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
.
f
Llano ·delL·Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, ·Los Ange!es, Cal.
�I
I
I
CONTENTS
.....
•
I
... Current
. Toplca.
~. . .,.I
...,-____,..-!
By Frank li). Woll'e ... .... .. . ... . Page 5
,
Southern Chivalry
·.
'
Vl"dl~at~_d ... , . .... : .. ·. : . .. , . .. ~age 8
That Heavenly Mlasisalppi. By Frank E. Wolfe .. _. Page
9
Out of t.he Night! By Geo~ge F. Hibti.e r . . .. .. . . ... Page 10
Llano. Colony's Progreaa Rapid .. ... . .. . ..... ; : . .. Page 11
Aid to Our Kings. By Frank H . Ware. ,, . .. . . . . .. Page 15
Robert Minor-Cartoonist of .the .Rev9lt .. , .. ... . . Page 16.
Billy's Buffoonery ......... . .' .... . ·.... .. : ......... Page 18
The Muddling Worker. By Homer ConstanU.n e . . . . Page 19
Do You Really Want Socialism? By J_o hn M. Work . Page 19
Truth Will Conquer. ·By Albert A. James . .. .. .' ... Page 20
Recall This Judge! . ... ....... . ........... .. .. .... Page 21
Christian Balzac Hoffman ....... . .. .. ......... ·.. . Page 22
Let Men Live!
By Edmund R. Brumbaugh .... . . .. Page 23
The Lateat from Llano.
By M. A. Kempf . . . ..... Page 24
Buai"ne11 is "Good" . .... ...... .. .. ... . : .......... Page 26
CARTOONS
•
The "Secret Enemy" ...... '.. ... . . . . ....... ... Frontispiece
"-
Over"Waraaw .... , . ......... .......... .. . .. ... ... Page
6
Brightening Buainell Skiea ....... . .. ... ... ..... .. Page
7
in Georgia ; . . .. ... .. . . . .. ............. .. . ..... . .. Page 8
The Reaponalbllity for the War . ... . .. ....... . . .. . Page 15
Labor Cartoon• by Robert Minor ... : ... . ...... .. .. Page 16
'An Impertinent Uncle . . ..... . .... ......... .' .... . . . . Page 23
1-
Fertilizing the American Beauty Roae .. ... . .. ..... Page 28
OMOJI!ROBBOBO
).
�The "Secret
E~emy_"
L11honr "Leader": "Vot -does de Var matterT !-Vy, you vould be chust as veil off under the
hermans! plenty monny,- plenty time for--drink, Eh !"-The Bystander.
British newspapers overlook no opportunity to brand as traitor every worker· who has the spirit to
denounced as German spies. Tbis has had Its effect on every class but the
to know tne capitalist prostitute pri>Ss too well.
~volt.
Labor leaders are
~ ·orkers. They are combtg
�HE
Polltleaf
Ae~lon
VOL. III
Co-operatron
LOS
ANGE~. C~
AUGUST. 1915
•
Scene In Big Rock Canyon
•
CURRENT TOPICS
W.
By Frank E. Wolfe
AR in Europe ~·!used the ''fiscal yearU...On
.\u!!'nst 1 an<l I'Hch. party in the business
hulant·Pd hool<s HIHl addl'd and subtracted figm·cs
~howing los!'rs and !!Rins.
Tlw fir·st totltl shows a loss in dead, wounded and
missing of l0,7Hi.210 111\'IL l<,ighti11g during August
will run this total t'a1· nhovc 10,800,000.
Tht:> IIPXt total shows 11 loss in money of $16,500,000.000. To this total ad<i $4-5,000,000 each dll_y since
Au gust 1'.
Thesl' figur<•s do not i11elnde naYal losses or ships
of eommerrr that nr·e destroyed hourly. .German
sul>mHri1ws haw su11k rwarly 300 ships since their
nnder·-!'ea campaign began several months ago.
The e figures only cover the direct losses and do
not tttln• any aerount of liOn-combatants who are
'
Joumed to die miserable )illgel'illg Offilths, nor do
they cover the untoiJ losses of villages destroyed,
(jties pillaged, crops ruined and the gener·al ruvishHwnt of entire districts. The figures do not cover
the greater loss through destruction of pr·oductivc
industry nor the killing of stt·ong worker·s or the
t·reation of nations of cripples and madmen.
The expense indicated in these figures is entailed
by putting 22,000,000 men o.n the battle line.
With 9,0ou;ooo fighting men in field, fort and fleet,
Germany has held l!'J,OOO,OOO ut bay. The mad Kaiser
has forl'l'd thl' fi:rhting and preserved the Vaterland
from the heel of the enemy. Germany has produced
her own food ann munitions and her allies find themselves, at the end of the year, scouring the countries
of the earth for food and munitions.
�The Western Comrade
6
.
T
il E cost of the war in en•rything but money will
have to l1c paid. The debt incurred by the aw'flil
toll of human life will have to be ]!aid. The mined
t·ilit·s m;ty h1· rchuilt in half a century. R estoration
of industries will be the work of the people for the
rwxt v<•nf'ration, hut thcr(' is one debt tha~ will never
he paid.
War honlll! un in·rsally will be r epud!ated. War
d..IJIK will 1101 lit' liquida.ted. This must be obvious
wlwu ontl t·onKidPrs tlw 11ize of the debt at this hour.
Tht• 1'\'l•r rnounti11g total reaches $66,000,000,000 and
1111' inr·rPilSP is rnor1• rHpid every day. Sixty-six billioJJs of dollnt·s! \\"r· r·annot hegin to comprehend the
mn gnitud P of thf•'l(' figures. \Ye do riot know if the
•·otu·rpf t• ll'(•alth of tlu• world r each<'s to this colossal
t ot:t I.
:'oJot r·11ouvh L(f:ld has ever he!'n mined to pay
!Itt' intt•J'l'Kt on thr• dt•ht this . \\'odd-war will have
roiiPd up .
1f H.n,v nation invol\'ed shonl!l survive th e crash,
I'I'JliHli:!tioll would ht· inevitahlP. 'l'hrre is no other
wa,v. To rPf'un rl ~uch a deht would be to mortgage
t It•· futurl' nnd f•nsla\'1' rarcs for n thousand years.
'l'hi~ would lll('l\11 a t'Pvolt that wonld sweep the
nntiono;; out of PXistpnc•f•. · Rrpndiation of war deht:tnd :til olll!'l' <!Pht is inr•Yitnhle. The revolution is
nt hand ! 'rhf• Ptuling of the wnr will mt>:m that none
of t ht• nations nnw inYolvcd can stop. No two nor
110 ~roup t'lln ronclllll<' a peace that will mean anythin!! hut thP hl'ginning of a "still fi ('rl'er struggle
f't·ont within. To fi~rht on and on is th e only way.
Exhnnstion of the mmwtnry rrsour·crs of th e w o rhl
is HI hnn<l.
<•xt will eo11W c xhaustio~f th e supply
of mrn llll!l munitions. Then will come anotlH'r peace
of Wnrsnw- the pence of death! The n the rl'nl fight,
tlw t'P\'Oit of thP JWOplt•! The survivors, th!' so-called
'' unfit "!
Oloomy o.utlook 1 Yes, it is gruesome enough.
is not more di. mal than th e ituation. Our critics
who di like to think, pn'ft>r mor!' c heerful seenes.
\\·oultl thnt tht>rt' w as a more hopeful outlook for
t ht• world . Tht• writt>r of todny t>annot ket>p away
fr·om t•ont~mpPrnn!'ou. history nnd these are the
mo.<:! moHwntous tl:ty, sitwe the dawn of thi !'ra of
tht• humnn rn('c.
lt
W
BE>- r the p~U engers ailed oo the Tit nic'
first _and ll\, t voyage they took the ordiuar~·
ri ks of teamship tra\•el under a y tem of profit
fir t and safety !a. t . T!ley knew au attempt would
be ptade to break record . Plunging through tht>
fog under full forced pre ure the hip wa driwn
to its dQOm. ..peed mearit mail contr act and fntut'.
OVER W .\RSA W
-Phllnitrlphla Publlc L Nlger.
that mt>ant profits! Hundreds were murdered there
hut they had at least the c hanc·e to die in the open.
\\'lwn the Lusitania sailed from New York the·
pa. srnl!f'rs on hoard took the hazard of hooking on
a ship carrying ,..ontrahand of war if not actually an
armf'rl ~uxili:try cruiser. For the owners a I!UC't·ellfi·
ful voya~e throu!!'h tht> undersea hlol.'kade therE• waH
gold and !!lory-profits! Thos1• on hoard ri~>kL•d
�The Western Comrade
their Ji1·es aud many died, but they went down
heroically iu the open seas.
The 1500 victims of greed who perished in'the
('hi<' ago horror died miserably--crushed, suffocated
in the c rowded cabins or in the unspeakable filth
of tlH' slimy miasmatic ooze of the rivers.
Tht•J·e is <;ma ll chance of the Eastland disaster
•·ausiu:.r a diplomatit rupture with any one or even
di1·ision in thP PJ'l'~ident's cahinet. There will be
i11 I'Pst i:.ra t ions, •·oJ·oner 's verdicts, probably indictlllt ' JJt s, trials, moJ't• trials, eonvictions, appeals and
:til t !It· ,,.,.,ll'Y and .bootless details of the course of
th•· 1:~11'. At tht· ••nrlnoth ing will be done to r emove
t h•· •·ails<' of tiH'Sl' murders. \Ve shall continue to
bll :•s ion~ as tht•J't' a1·r profits Ill taking risks of
II'!Jol•·salL• 111\lJ'tlt•J'.
+
W
+
+
II E:\ huJHlJ·t>d s of C'auauian H cm·y Dubbs
n·ac·lu•d fo1· theit· pay envelopes che other
da~· t lit'~' t'o11nd a little slip " ·hich read:
· · Yo11r Kin~ :md Country n eed you; we don't."
'l'h:~t lliPHJJS: " Yo11're fired . You now haYe the
:tlt•·r·natiYt• of stal'\'ing OJ' enlisting."
or "oursp Un•at Britain has n ever r esorted to
nl'!ua l •·onst·ription, and n ever PXpeets to.
In England 1'\'t•ry mf'asure short of forcible const·J·iption of t hi' ll'orkers has !wen adopted. Every
,.[ass hut thp wm·ke1·s is deeply interested in the
ll'a1·. Hoyalty. iwhility and the loyal sons of capital-ism han' unhesitatin gly plunged into the war. They
"'''' t h<· necessity of preserving the existing order
and of SAYing England-for themselves.
Tn C'annua thP samp spirit seems to hold. :r'here
:li'P thousAnds of unemployed, and . -re seems no
liktolihootl of A dl'arth of workers. To discharge
a fpw thousHnd will mean lower wages ai:td more
profits. Truly these he parlous days for Henry and
Ifpnrit•tta.
t
L os
This was voted at an eledion of city o.fficials on
an ''economy and efficiency'' platform. ''Vote for
~s-and reduce your ta.xes,'' was ·the slogan, and a
majorij:y qf the council was elected on that war
rry. There was much rejoicing at the achievement.
. When 'the illitiative law went into effect the council closed ten firehouses, some of them near the
schbol house • Then the "civic" orgimizations got
bus)' and tll'e infamOI}S l\Iunicipal League led a move-.
+ + +
BHIGH'!'ENJNG BCHJNESS SKIES
Running Up an Awtul Big Bill
- !Jpw MolnPR Register and L eader
.\~GF.LF.S
fiJ'('liH'll appealed to th e YOters
of tlw workin!? c•lass and on an initiatiYe act
thr~· Wl'I'P g i,·rn the two-platoon system. The working ('[a><s yotrll solidly for the measure which gave
th <· fir .. nH•n an opportunity to go home to their
fnmi l,1· fo r a 1w riod out of eYery twenty-four hours.
ment to hring ahout the repeal of the two-platoon
law.
Twrnty organizations joined in the action, prom~
im•nt in which was the notorious Merchants and
:'llanu faeturers' Assof'iatiou and othel' Labor-hating
�•
The Western Comrade
8
institutions. A majority of the City Council will worthy gentlemen who buy smutty barley from the
join in the action. The power of the prostitute prf!ss.,.....farmeri at a low price, then proceed to mj.x it with
wiil be thrown agai nst the law and the initiative lime"and sell it for ·" choice brewing barley." Inmad<> a mockery. Political action wifl win .for the spector.s say it·. is di.ffi~ult to discover the fraud by
work<'t·s 'I Docs it pav to dally with this Y
a casual examination; but a chemical analysis shows
+
the linie ~nd the smut.
.
1'LLET INR from the office of informa'tion of the
This. adulteration and h~fouled barley finds its
['nitl'd Rtatc•s Department of Agriculture dis- way to. your din,i ng table in some guise. There is no
c·losc· a plPasant littlP decepti.on op the part of ~ertain ' escape. You are poi·soned for profit.
B
+
+
Southern Chivalry Vindicated·
T
II E world holds Ueorf.(ia in contempt.
The
eowarrlly murder of Leo Frank is a crowning
;c!'! of infamy of all the lung list of atrocities perpc1rated in the sout!wrn states in the past few years.
\\'ith the guilt or innocence of Frank we are not
c·onc·c·rtwd. \Yith Hearst and Btirns and a part of
the· c·apitalist press in search of advertising contt·ads atTayc·d on OJH' side and another wing of the
~mil<' pr<'ss on tlw other side 1here is no getting at
till' truth. As to tlw hlootl guilt of the people of
<lPor:,ria thl'rP i~ no shadow of doubt.
LPo Frank is dead. Georgia c·hivalry is Yindi•·Htc·d and the manifest superiority of the southem
l!l'ntlPnH!n on<·t> more has been satisfaeto~ily dem0n~trntecl. There will, follow a series of arrests, t t·ials,
dPmonst rations for and against the defendants. Possibly th<•t'\' may bP some convictions and some
" IPf!al" IIIIH'ders. Georgia will thus have an oppOI·tunity to adopt the Mississippi plan of Yicarious atouemc·nt hy fo!)o,ving a series of lynchings with a couple
of lel!al hangings. 1.f a way can be fotlii'a to take
someon<> who has killed someone out and kill tlwm
"le![ally" the fait· li!l.me and fame of the state is
saved.
This Georgia mob is the worst one of modern
times. Tts act ·-w as as studiedly cruel and cold
blooded as, say, the Mississippi mob that "legally"
C'Ombined a watermelon feast and a double hanging
The deer! was as dastardly as that o.f the state of
G~orgia a y<'IU' ago wh<>n, under the regime of Gov.
Rtanton, R boy was "legally" hanged on the accusa·
tion of being an RC'cessory to an illegal murder. This
mob aetecl nft'er ruonats of "cooling time. " There
was no su'dclen pitch of passion, no hot headed demand fnt· \'<'ngencP: It was as deliberate, bestial and
lN OEORQlA
The Southern Gentleman Demonstrates His Superiority
- ThP :Masse@.
reYolting R'>, for instanc·e, the ''legal " hanging by·
the Calif01·nia moh which ass<>mbled vicariously at
Ran (~n<>ntiu RtHl stt'!lnglcd Halph Farris a few
months ago.
�.,
The Western Co -m rade
That
· He~venly
Mississippi
By FRANK E. WOLFE
HERE is a land of pure delight-Missis.sippi ! They hanged two negroes there recently-legally! So rare and unusual was
this legal phase that the o-c-casion was
made a gala day. Five thousand persons
wPre in attendance and there was a great
di 1·ersity of ft>atures in the entertainment prt>ceding_ the main C\'ent.
Dt•pendcnt pn•r Oil tht• daily press we lose some of
tht• finer· points of tht> day's delightful di\'ersion, but
<•nou!!h t·orru•s thr·ong-h t o show that in th·~ populace
of this southem state Wt' hin•e still a lot of the true
spirit of ArnPriC"anism.
:-;t:u·kYillt•, f0r·mrr·ly a tauk town, jumped into
,.,·,·rlasting- fame when tire sher·iff. with true southern
no hi! it~· of eharaett>r. sprung the trap. Removing his
hat ht> waY<'<'\ it g-allantly and shouted, "Goodbye,
hoy~. 11nd good lurk!''
( \Yh11t element of luck or
··han•·<· Pnt•·rl'd where m!'n swung off to glory filled
with wlltt>rrn('lon, soda pop 1111d fried' chicken?)
Tlrt>~t· men W('riJ "lt'gally" tr•ied and the sentence
of tlr r judg-<' was "lrgally" exeruted. They h11d
:rrist>n in wrath a·n d slain a Pullman porter. In our
r,•ss t·il·ilizt>tl and srmi-harharil' state ·we would have
b,;,,n pron e to declare
t lw at't merit t•d rrward
rat her than d~sl'r'Yetl
puuishment.
- Features of th(' d11y
wer·r frrl'' lemonade,
s••riphn·lll reading,' fre·('
snndwi,~hl's,
politica I
spe~·t·ht>s hy county· PHndidatPs, <' h U I' {.'n ann
Sa b b at h school annount·Pr!fl•nts, sale o!' snuYcnir·s or rope and sraffold,
psnlms or :'lfoses anrl the lamb,- watermelon· and fried
_ehiekrn (serwd exclusively to the eondemne'd) and a .
scorr of other· dPii~hHul , gnmtl and petit divertissemrnto;;.
One newspaprr ace<'unt of th e affair gives a keen
flash of insight wl•en it naiwly states: "Back of and
1hrough' it p.JJ "~as <l> sen,.,rd renlizuhon that Mississippi
has bN~n lax in the enforcement of the law and that
this legal execution wonld go far to restore the fair
name of the state."
Great! Simply wondcr.ful.! llere we have a vicarious atonement .so simple and concrete that the most
bone-headed of us can understand. When 'this point
was touc.h ed upon delicately by one of the candidates
both the condemned, wbo sat on the gallows back of
speralters, applauded vigorously,
th~y were
joined by tho thQusand,s who sat on .t he grass in the
natural amphitheater where the great scene was· staged. ·
Thus the- vicariOus ~touement scheme met with approval by both sides-the savic'(rs and the .saved.
The press 3gent.. who handled the publicity end of
the entertainment ·lld\'rrtised it extensively and the results were most satisfactory. · Concessionaires reported
a most profitable -day's business.·
During_the progress of one speech a candidate for
sheriff perpetrated 'an a~using lapsus linguea when he
!'aid : ''I sure hopes you' all will vote for me.'' Then·,
with an apologetic smilf. at the manacled men, he said:
''I mean aU of yo' all -that can get to the polls ! ''.
At this co11tretemps the _multitu-d e roared with delight nnd the concienined joined in a gale of laughter.
The crown in~ act of the day 's· performance was, of
Ponrsfi. tlw hanging. This was preceded by much
frrvit! singing and ~orne r·eligious shoutin~. The ~rand
old song-, "The Heuve1rly Caanan, " · -~n · through the
whole- day's reremony and _at the dimax, when all
«tood ar.d snng, tire srene was most inspiring, the . tw_o
shackled ffi('D hobbling
for·ward heside the Reverrnri l\fr. Winbush and
singing. at tllC tops of
their yoiees the closing
liJles:
the
ana
"Not .Jordans stream nor
•
death's cold 'flood
Should fright us from that
· sliore." · .,
':rttus ·far · we have
taken the daily newspapers. :\fay we no-t, ,\•ith fairness, listen to voces
~lississippiensis as our imngination is stimulated and
· inspired·:
(The Sheriff: ) "~o~v . •~dies and gentlemen, don't
erowd down so clost• )~'~is er1 ah,-platform. You
nil will be given every Ofl 'tunity--"
'' Cose they does. They repents they-all's sin&--"
"LadLes and gentlem~n ' In thls campaign we come
before you~"
......;
" De good La wd d~n 't hold nothin' agin nobuddy--"
'' Honesty and rfficiency will ever ~e--"
"Here y 'are, soovnir, same piece of-rope they're
usin', only two bi~"
..
�. 10 .
·T h e W e s ter-n· •C o m r a d e
(Mini ter comes forward, raises bands.) ·
"Tim.e's up." (The sheriff.)
"Our Father, who· art in 'Heaven· _·_,
"There Is a land of pure deltght
Where Saints Immortal reign;
.
Crowd
mumbllng,
sounds
like
low slumbrous
Infinite day ex.cludes the night,
thunder of lazy sea on long beach. As prayer ends,
And pleasures 'banish pain."
-noises resume. Singing, vending, eu.rsing and swaying
(As singing dies down :)
"No, d~y don't pay no thin ' fo' dat watermellyon. for)IU).rd. S~eriff and assis.tants adj~t noos.es and pull
down blac1r caps. .:
·
De jailor he done furnisll--"
"Wo.n der .wh'o' g'\vine J>e?d 'em to glory-- 7"
''Our chief aim will be to reduce you-ail"s taxes
"He's. gwine dQ it· h'is's elf-dat's kind sheriff we
and--"
got."
..
·
·.
. · ·
·
"Icc cole sody pop, only five a bot l"
"Don't
cr.owd,
now
-ladies
im--"
"Fo 'giveness ob sins nn' safvation; dat's what we
"Popeortl, ~eanu1:!! 1 '' all bot--"
all lookin' fo' an--"
.
"By virtue ·of the authority vested in me by the ·
"Whar dey evah get fried cl_!ic!ten befo'7 Dat's
commonwealth of Mississippi· -· "
what--"
"Watch hili k:riees w(>bble- "
"Hush, he 's gwine invoke de devine blessin'. -"
"I now e-xecute--:-" ·
"No he ain 't--"
"Looky, no~-·. ".
" W C· pledge our unwa vcring fealty to the old flag
''And may God ii-t his- infrnite pity--"
and the glorious principles--"
''Dit 's weaken:in'--';
' ' Dere ain 't no dam use you acting up--"
"Have mercy on your soul. Goopbye, boys, · and
(Singing wells forth from a thousand throats and
good luck!''
·
others of the multitude jom with hysteric fervor.)
Silence. The low.murmur of hundreds of erooumg
"There everlasting spring abides,
And never-withering flowers;
mammies. swelling into loud song which is joined by
Death, like a narrow sea, dlvtaes
the two men on the scaffold, whose muffled· voices come
This heavenly land from ours."
the folds of the hideous black bags:
from
"Stand firm for the old party of Lincoln, Grant and
"Could we but climb where Moses stood,
Roose-er-oh, Taft--"
And view the lan.dacap!l o'er-"
"Huccumb you-all ain't out in de cotton fie! wid
Crash
of trap sprung . and bodies . shooting downdRt--"
ward.
Figures
bound upward ,from impact at end of
"Cose dey kaint go to hell--"
ropes.
Convulsively
draw up knees then relax as shud"Red hot, all hot! W einers and tomollys, get 'em
der
runs
through
frame.
·
while--"
UninU~lligible
shouts
and
wild
cheering
from
crowd.
(The sheriff) ''You-all will have to stop crowding
up to this platform. We're treating you right an--" Bodies sw'fti- and twist 'round and 'round at end of
''When will dey come aroun' wif de free lemonade ropes . Doctors bare heads in burning glare of sun and.
hold watches in their bands aw they draw near.
an' dem--"
Preacher
bows' head, his white lips moving.
"Sweet fields beyond the swelling ftood
Chorus of voices rising above 'the babble and reverberating along tlle ~assy hill side;
r
.
Stand dressed In Jiving green-"
''Peanuts! Five a bag! ;Hey Dit Seals; howyou
like it up dere wid dat iron on yo' laig?''
"Not Jordans stream nor death'~old flood
Should fright me from that sho]'e."
"Peanuts, five a bag l"
(
Out of the N ig ht
By GEORGE F. HIBNER
C
OME, · toilers, out of. the night! Know that the lessons for you. And for you, Color is touching with
~;~un is shining for you. 'fhat you, 0 wonder-beings,
infinite hands millions of miles today. Beauty is sendj;jhould toil· ever for profit of others is like robbing you ing he~," hosts to the hills, the valleys, the rocks, the
of sunlight that is abu;dant for all; like robbing you of . woods, the waters, the clouds, and in infinite voices of
shelter that is within reach of all. It is like locking music-for you! For you! Did you know! Did you
you from music, art, joy, life,-all-all within easy know! Come, toilers, out of the night!
reach, did you but cease letting others order your lives.
Did you know that these days passed down t~ you
out of the universe are for you-for you-and you have
Come, toilers, out of the night.
Come, toilers, o~1t of the night! Sun ltnd wind and no right under the stars to sell them to others! 0 jo.y,
waYe hold pence and rest for you-hold silent great · joy, did you but know !:Come, toilers, out of the night!''
�u ·
The Westet'n Comt'ade
Everybody In the Community Enjoys the Swimming Pool
Llano Colony's
ISITORS at Llano del Rio Community
are always surprised at the size of the
town of Llano, the large amount of land
cleared a.nd under cultivation, and the
abundance of water. In its growth within a few months from a few clustered
tents to a town of 466 people in which
substantial adobes are replacing tempornr·y tents, first ner.P.ssnry to house the people, Llano has
dnplieatNl the per·formance of early-day mining towm,
:md ere the year oi 19Hi is pasRed will have~come the
metr·opolis of Antelope Valley. This progress is taken
as a demonstration of the ripeness of the times and
how ready the people are to· practice co-operation.
The reports of ~he various managers of the different
departlnents show most eloquently the material
progress that has been made.
E\·er1 the people at J.lano had no clear idea of the
tremendous advancement, the record o'f achievement
<'llrried by the 1-eports of the different departments
aroused their enthusiasm to a new and higher pitch.
More than 200 visitors shared the en.t husiasm of the
C'Olonists last month, many of whom have signed up to
join the progre sive community, and all of them evinced
a desire to become members eventuaJ.ly. 'rbe number of
visitors is increasing all the time~ some hailing . from ·
LVJ
-
Progres~
Rapid
such distant places · as England, Canada and the ·New
England states. In truth, the eyes of the Socialist
world are on Llano. Jim J.Jarkin, the famous IrishEnglish labor leader, after his visit, said: "I am too
filled with enthusiasm to give expression to my feelings, but one thing ·certain is that you have the land
and the water. I am also very much pleased with the
class of...people that I find ht!re. ''
Thomas W. Williams, state secretary of the Socialist
party of California, was rccentl,.y a visitor and he carefully looked over the possibilities of the Llano Colony.
In a brief address in the Assembly hall he waxed quite
enthusiastic over ·the potentialities of the land and
water and called attention to the fact that the success
of this colony would have a great effect on the SOcialist movement at large, as he declared that we were
inseparably connected with tbe movement whether or .
not we wanted such to be a fact. Comrade Williams
pointed out that while the colonists are busy within
the community they should not lose sight of the neces- ·
sity of carrying their allegiance completely to the political end of the fight for furtherance of Socialism.
Visitors remark on the delightful climate .of Llano.
The lack of humidity, coupled with_ the eool breeze
which blows nearly all day, renders working in the sun
no hardship. F!equently the hottest part of the day
�12
The Western Comrade
partment, gn·mg information
t..at w1ll be valuabl~ in comput~
mg co ts.
Barl Glass head of the engineering department, ha been
making ~ mea urements and obtaming other data. regarding the
tunnel, the source of the aomesti~ water . upply. This water is to be used to supply the new
school house· -and the townsite.
'l'he latter is now being surveyed.
The new townsite, nestling clo e
, to the Sierra Mad res, overlooks
· tht- hroad reaches of tl1e great
Young Jersey 1md Ho~!l Stuck of the Colony Herd .
Antelop(' Vulley. The distance
hom the present residenoe cenis h('t ,,.<·<·n H and ~J o '<·loek in the morning. The nights ter is ahout two miles. The elevation is considerably
ar·•· n·fr·t•shinl-{ly t·ool and plenty of bedding is essential gr<'ater than the present, whit:h is ::!188 feet.
Under the direction of Comrade Jolm ~arrim11n ,
to c·omfort.
ThPre is a good prospcet that Llano will have a the new swimming pool was completed .recently lind
hrass hand ht'fore another month. The Saturday night filled for t.he first 'time. The Colonists will be a hle
dant·t·o.; nrP !win~ ('Ontinnrd with inPreasing attendancr. to now rnjo~· ~nothrr luxnry. Tlw dimen~ion of the
If t l11 ·ir poprrlarity int·rt·ast•s an addition will have to he pool is fi5 · hy li'iO fret. N'"iu· it stands the nrwl~· finput onto 1l11· 1\sspmhly hall. The visitors ha\'C a keen ishPd Sol11rium in whith sun haths can be taken.
dl'liglrt in tht• dant·<·s. "·hit·h arc frN·.
The reports by the
. h~ads of departments
Dr. Roher! K. Williams, who has been
looking aftct· the lwalth of the colonistsgiYe most dearly and
sint·c· his ii!Til·;ll. !'(•ports that an nnusually
concisely what has
h e en accomplished
good state of hr11lth is prevalent amongst thP
r·t•sidPnts lwrr
Ile hns found hut tt·ivial
and is under ronten1plittion.
·
disord P r~o. so far.
The good water anrl the
,.vrn and sa luhriops climate is largely ar-:.
The extent of the
t·ountahlr f'ot· this. At a recent meeting of
agricultural operathr joint hoard he was duly rccommendrrl
tions arc !liven as
follows by Assistant
to hr appointrd health offi<>er.
lk S. C. llomcf, the· Llano dentist, will
Snprrintendent F. W.
soon hn u permnnent residfmt of the Colony.
Carr:
llis offire rq nipm en~ is nearly completed.
One hunrlrerl and
Part of th e furniture was made in the car~><'Yf'nty-five af'res of
prntct· shop and is n credit to the institution.
corn. 65 aC'res of
Aided hy thr eapable Mrs. Hornef, he exwhich are hearlin~
prt•ts to havr nn ot'fice that will he a credit
out. The third rutto all.v t·i ty. Twenty-five years of experience
ting of hay has been
in dent:tl work and travels that have taken
taken from the 25Q
him to e\·rry part of the world have won a
aC't'es of alfalfa and
rrputation that is well established. It might
the fourth cutting is
well hP arlded that Socialism has been one of
now under way. At
Sandbox and Irrigation Gates
thr first thoughts with Dr. Hornef always.
the Mescal tract 30
It is the opportunity to live in a Socialist
arres of corn and 50
eommunity that has brought Llano this valuable citizen. acres of alfalf11 adrl to the wealth of J,Jano. The total
R W. 0offrcn, recently elected manager of the :~mount of land under c111tivation. including garden,
finance dE'partment and appointed assistant postmaster, onharrl. nursery, nlfalf~t. rte., is i2oo acres.
has initiated many inno,·ations in the office. DistribuA rE'port ~rom the building department shows that
tion sheets will show the amount of labor. in each de- thr community h:t<; fi4 t<'nt-honses (part boards and
�T h e · W e b t ern· 0 o m r a d e
lf
part canvas) and twelve tents fer visitors. There are to t n inches of ~:md, whi' h will furnish constant bet
twelve wooden houses and four ranch houses. Twelve water tor the hakery and the hotel kitchen. It is· ·
clay brick (adobe) !louses l1avc ht-en completed and po sible also t~. e tablish a temporary laundry at the
occupied, five others are ready for roois, anq thirteen rear of the bakery in a separate building where' the
stone foundations havt- been completed upon which hot wat r W<'nlcl i>e nvailable to take care of that dehouses soon will be
partment until we can erect the industrial
started.
addition to
building and e tablish the perm~ent
this the foundation for
laund~:y. W can then' turn. the temporan addition to the office
~ry lu\).ndry into sho)ver baths.
building has been fin.' · ~'hb carpenter shop has done good
ished.
This calls for
'service. 'fh.e amount of izing an.d re-sawfour additional office
ing bas·· been·:too great for the machines
rooms, and a room 18
tj:l t atE' no~ in u c, as they were not inby 24 feet for the manten~ed fot that kind of work. In this .
agers' meetings, which
di~ision In>& made the door and window
are held every night.
frames, ~rereen , · t11 hies and other cabinet
The following is tRken •
wot·k: Recently they made 50 bee hives
from ll report to the
arid lfiOO .fillers for bee hives. The cabiCommunity Women Enjoy Haying Time .
· nt>t ·wot·k for· the dentist's office is practi•·ommunit~· C'ommission
hy Comrade George
cally comp!eted, ·and a large batch of sash
Ir('ffn<'r, manager of the <'Onstruction department: for the colony house i r eady to run.''
''The foundation and floor of a silo 25 feet in
Llano ~'ocal Sociatist Party ' has 51 members and a
tliametrr and :~0 fP Pt high is now ready for the walls . teady and good 'a.ttt>ndance at ev~ry meeting. Frank
and a crew is hu!<y making the concrete blocks to lay J,impach is the · secretary. It seems to some persons
them up.
strange that "pTopaganda" meetings should be held in
''A good portion of the mason ·w ork for a sanitary this community;but these gatherings are very popular
dairy harn , 42 feet hy l 50 feet, has been completed and and frequently visiting "nons" an<l''nears" get something to make them· thin_k. About 250 persons attend ·
the joi<;t and roofing will soon be in place.
''A start has also been made in getting out materials these meetings. Comrade J. Stitt Wilson comm~nted
for the construction of shelter for our work-stock, and on this, saying he knew no other place in California
if present plans are carried out a
buildir.g will be erected 36 feet
wide and 140 feet long, with a hay
rack down the center' that will hold
from 20 to 25 tons of hay, so that
we c11n removP an entire stack
when we break in on it. ·
"We l1ave two poultry houses, .
1 ~ fret h;v GO fpet, of an approved
type. Also a · broode'r • house, 14
feet hy 24 feet, dh·ided into three
Rpartments. There are completed
t'''O rabbit hm1ses, one 68 feet long
Rnd o,e 72 feet long; the combined
<·a pacity '!Jcing 210 breeders. Beside the house there is a yard
fo r the young stock, 58 feet by
64 feet, enclosed on four sides
· SwiRs Milch Goats Thrive on the Llano.
with chicken wire four feet high.
'fhe club house contains between 10,000 and 11,000 square feet of floor space. where several hundred Socialists can be gathered to"'fhP bakeoven now in <'Ourse of construction will gether within an hour 's notice. The local grows steadhave a capacity o~ 125 lollvE-s at one batch and two or ily and some day will he the largest' and most solidly
three batches per day can be baked. The plan is to knit organization in California.
Tht> sanit11r · commission, of which B. R. Brainard is
lay a coil of pipe over the arch and cover it ~ith eight
In
�The Weatef'a Comf'ade
mperintendent, ia proud of ita record made in standing
two inspections by state officials and getting a clean
bill. The county health department says we have the
cleanest, most sanitary village in California.
D. C. Copley, who is in charge of the poultry department, reports 2000 stock. Of these there will soon
he 1200 laying hens, culled closely, as this ~ger
does not believe in keeping boarders. This department
if! now supplying fat young fryers and broilers and
110me ducks for roasting. This department was without
a head and without proper organization and supplies
until too late in the season to plan extensive incubating.
Comrade Copley has the department SQ well conducted that every member of the communi1!y is proud
of it. lie has plans for the future.- He wili plan large
t·xten!lions for next season, when an attempt will be
made to raise an immense flock of turkeys. During
the winter there will be constructed additional brooder
houses and new incubator buildings, With this done
and the rancho on an extensive grain-producing basis,
the hir·ds will be increased to several thousand.
we will take the soil from beneath our feet and
huild houses nnd from the same soil take the grain and
this will enable us to run a poultry department that
wiJl produce eggs and meat not only for this comiDJUn-·
ity, but will be a big revenue producer in the future.
This was, in effect, the report of Department Manager
Copley.
r~co A. Dawson, department of horticulture, has
made a report showing excellent progress in his division. With his assistants he is preparing 7000 seedlings
for· budding to stone fruits such as Satsuma and
'l'ragedy plums, ;French and Silver prunes and Salway,
Elher·tn and cling peaches. The honey locust trees
hnve made nn average growth of three feet from seedlings as large as lead pencils last spring. 'fwo thousand strawberry plants are making a fine showing and
many thousand plants will be raised from these for
rwxt season. Tw.enty-five hundred blackberry and
lognnberry plants have made an average growth of
three feet. The row of 100 rhubarb plants look promisin!f and large quantities of this can be produced.
~fany thou ands grape cuttings have made a good
~owth of ten inches.
About thirty acres will be
plnnted in grapes. These are Concords, Sultanas. Musl'llts, Tokay, Thompson seedless and Black Conichon.
One hundred acres will be planted in apples next winter. The Bartlett pear acreage will be increased by
nt lea t 160 acres at the next planting season. The
young pear orchards on the colony have made an aYernge gr·owth of four feet. There is a large number of
flourishing trees on hand and a "family orchard" will
he pl11.nted for the community. This will contain among
other fruits, eYen ntrieties of plums, prune and summer appl
Several acre in experimental sunfto
ha
tnrned out fine and this will form a part of the poUltry
food for the future.
Experimental cotton plants are flourishing. The
peanuts planted late are showing up well and will be a
.part of the crops of the future.
There are 137 head of cattle in the colony herd. This
division ~ und.e r the able hand ·of Oliver Luton. There
is a large number of part.icularly promi ing young
heifers. . The.re are 175 head of hogs in the pork diviSion. Fifty of these are good brood sows. The grade
o! tbi11 stock is improving and a change will be made to
all P(}land.€hinas.
From the gar~n the colony is getting n large
amount of. vegetabl~s. Two wngon loads of lu ciou
wa't ermeions are distributed each day. There are five
acres in l\luskmelons just ripening. Seventeen acrl' of
potatoes h11-ve been dug and these are running frorri 30
to 50 sacks to the acre. Three acres of onions.are ready
for digging an·d two acres will be put in the same product at the fa'll planting.
A -large supply of a great variety of vegetables i
hcing tur;ned over to the commissary department. P. A.
Knobhs; who is in charg~J of this department has mnde
a wonderful showing considering the fact that he has
been working with recently cleared wild lands.
It has taken considerable figuring to get the depart-.
ment of social service running smoothly on the eighthour basis. The workers in the clubouse, kitchen and
dining room have the reguiation hours and one day off
each week.
The hand laundry has been organized under the direction .of William B. Hunter, who has completed his
arrangements for taking the work of the colony preparatory to opening the new steam laundry,
Plans are virtually completed for the irrigation
system for the entire community. This department is
now in the hands of H. ~f. Wood, who has ha.d wide
experience in the business.
The system as planned will take a large quantity
of pipe as well as several miles of large cobble-stone
ditches. Each of these ditches will be capable of carrying at least 2500 inches of water. The initial system
as planned would ~nclude fiye cobble-stone ditches from
one to three miles 'in length.
The first installation of pipe as laterals from theee
ditches will be fourteen miles. Some of these laterals
will be the h<>ad pipe lines for orchards having turnouts
at eaeh tre<> row. Others will be larger pipe with tumouts at each 100 feet for alfalfa irrigation. There will
he stands eYery 660 feet with gates to control the water
into the different pipe lines. This is only the initial
l'ystt>m, whi<>h will he duplicated all over the ranch,
which prol!ably sooner or later will eover 20,000 acres
or more.
�The -Western Comrade
•· lfi
Aid to Our Kings
By FRANK H. WARE
M
ARS walked beside the parapet and laughed. Tl-_e
.
hoarse echoes grated through the hollow corridors of his fortress-palace. In silence he leaned Torward and looked below, to Earth, where grappled millions of men midst tbe screams of heavy shells that ·
l•urtled through the air and fell, ploughing in their
j ourney of death through villages, homes and .factories.
Here and tnere captured towns lay pillaged and
hurned, while in others soldiers were killing the unarmed and looting.
In one little village in Poland, jagged walls stood
as mute evidence of ~ raking cannon fire. 1'he main
1
THE RESPONSIBI!JI1'Y FOR THE WAR
God: "I've read the green, yellow. and blue books,
and know less than ever who is in the wrong."
St. Peter : "Suppose we settle It with t he dice."
-Pasqulno, Turin
street of the town was strewn with wreckage, and
here and there lay bodies of women and children-the
ravished and the more mercifully slain.
A young girl, hair flowing across her shoulders
and clothing half town from ~er body, screamed and
dHshed froll1 the ruins of her little home. Close be-
hind came a young officer, b.lood oozing and dripping
from a uasty wound in his cheek. Still.clutcl!Jng the
neck of a .broken bottle the giri sped, up the street,
fear Jendqig ~gs to her fee~. The officer, hoarsely.
command.iDg . hett t o halt, quickly closed the distance
·.between them,· and drawing his sword raised it above
his head-·The pallid face of a girl stared with . glazed and
unseeing eyes from ~he dust. The din of battle went
on as before ' au!f again the laughter of Mars rang
through the · corridors.
Night came- and the toll-keeper counted his dead.
"How mB.ny T" grow led Mars.
•i Twenty~five thousand," came the reply ·i n slow
monotone.
".And the total f''
" 10,_71 6,210 to -date."
Narrowing ' his bloodshot eyes to puffy slits, the
great god turned to momentary thought. From be. hind a pillar in the corridor crept a gaunt, skeletonlike creature,·who rushed forward and prostrated herself with a clatter before Mars~ .T he war god stirred
and, opening his eyes,_ started in surprise.
"Famine ! " he cried, "Arise-waste no time. To
Earth-Famine-tonight! Let thy hungry belly feaat
on women, babes and ·tnen. Haste-begone!'' ·
The creature arose, a hideous grin playing across
her fleshfess face. TuPning she strode into the corridor.
A hollow clattering followed her.
Long after the echoes had died, Mars stood silent
and stared into vacancy.•
"I w~nder," he mwted slowly, "I wonder-if-"
Wht>eling suddenly on his heel he strode to an- .
other part of the palace and stopped before a massive
door. . Groaning and creaking on rusty hinges the door
swung slowly- open. In the center of a little room sat
.another creature much dirtier and more bedraggled
than Famine.
"Pestilence !'' greeted Mars through his teeth, "stir
thy foul rags and follow in the footlteps of thy sister
Famine. Go blow thy breath on stricken villages of
starving men and women. To the hospitals, t<>nigbt,
and seize those sor£> wounded and aid them to their
graves. Hasten-spare none!"
A stench arose and followed her as she passed
along the hallways, and the black plantl and flowers
of the corridors withered and died as she neared.
"Famine ! Pestil£>nce!'' Mars walked to his throneroom chuckling grimly.
(Continued on Page 30)
�11S
T he Western C omrade
R obert
•
tnor,
Workers' New
·champion
...
'' HELLO, WILSON! THIS IS THE AMERICAN
PEOPLE TALKING : WE WANT WAR! "
L ABOR in America should be
.. congratulated on the fact that
tht> greatest cartoonist of a generation Ju~s joined the staff of the
world·'> leading Socialist publica.
tion. The New York C"all has enlisted Robert :\linor and the daily
cartoon of that publication has
pro:t>n not only ope of its greatt>st attractions, but one oj the mo t
powerful propaganda fe~tures .
.Minor's cartoons are reproduced' ~verywhere. ~o compelling
are his ·m~sterly<r drawings, so
keen his ideas and -l'O...,...anappy the
captions that editors ~n~ them irrPsistihle. Where~er \hert'ls a
man . with red bl~ ··a radical
~..r.rnd a'n d· a spirit pf daring back
.ohhe scissors, yoJ vnjJ. find Minor ·
cartoons- reprinted. .'
In presenting this 'p8.ge to itarcade~..S, the ~ditor~ of\a,'he Westt>ro Cumrade feel it ha.rl offered a
treat.' ~ e~r~s&~~ taken at
rao,doM-~ft~Hu:rwas made
. ()thcr 1hap to olJta~ 'il variety to
sho_w the ~~ua-"ful .pbwer of this
art1~t o~ revplt. • :
f~oba ~ ..-~ener . 1~hrust has
c•cr bee made at .the- prostitute
press than that wh'fe the
painted lady is sh~wp teleplioning P resitleilt Wilson,
using the voioo ,of :the people in a d~tttand· for
~
" MEAT AHEAD !"
·-
' ~
�.,
The Western Comrade
11ist of the Revolt
. II
.,
SING SING PRISON REVERTS TO ·OLD SYSTEM
SUITABLE TO " CHRISTIAN CIVILIZA'l'ION "
!"
THE DYNAMITE SOWER
...
.,
�The Western Comrade"
18
Billy's Buffoonery
DR.
CHARLES F. AKED, pastor of the First .Congregational Church of San Francisco, resigned from a committee
of one hundred because· the organization booked BU!y Sunday to "preach" ln Its Tabernacle. Then the Sunday
press agents made their worst tumble by stirring up the al!alr. It might have healed, but these enterprising dopesters don't know such things never get well It you p!ck them. Dr. ~ked made a statement in which he characterIzed , Billy's pulpit mannerisms and bul!oonery and blasphemy. Then the p. a. picked it and Dr. Aked. came
through with a bill of particulars that seems suftlcient. Here it is :
WITHDREW from the Committee of One Hundred
I quietly,
without fuss or publicity. I gave my reasons to the committee and supposed the matter was
closed. I did not send to the secular press a copy of
my letter. I do not know, and can not learn, what
member of the comrnittPe made my resignation public.
It all comes to this: I do not lmow of any consJ<leration in the wo!'ld which would induce me to becomc• a party to the buffoonery and blasphemy of a
''Billy Rund11y'' mission.
The justification of this language is to be· found in
the reports of the San Francisco press.
"CIPopatra was a flat nosed wench who sailed_ up
the Nile clothed only in sunshine and climate." Let
it he admitted that I have not secured from Dr. Sunday
or from Bishop Hughes or from Dr. H. H. Bell a guarantee that Dr. Sunday said this in precisely these
words. But nobody has denied it-neither Dr. Sunday
nor the person described by the newspapers as his "officilll press agent," nor Dr. Bell, nor anybody else. The
report stands.
Let us usc plain and honest speech. I do not know
whether Cleopatra ever sat naked in a boat and caused
herself to he rowed up the River Nile. Yet I take my
stand here: that nothing•on God's earth can justify in
a sermon tlw le!'ring suggestiveness of Dr. Sunday's
phrases.
There can be only one object in stating the factif it is a fact-in that way. And the object is-dirt.
And parents may very well ponder this quotation:
''Pilate was a lick-spitHe, low-down, free-lunch, hogpouched, pitiable, plastic, ward-heeling, whisky-soaked
1 graft politician of his day.''
If their boys bring this language into the home
they- fathers and mothers-will understand that the
t
.
, youngsters have not been to a prizefight nor to a salo(ln
nor to a house of infamous resort. Parents will under' stand that the boys have been to a religious service,
! and have listened to a preacher who by the gra of
an American college is a Doctor of Divinity, and
who is supported by the leading clergy of San Fmn-
l
CJSCO.
My opposition to the proposal to invite Dr. Sunday
: could not, of course, be grounded in these utterances,
h!'cause the meeting at which I voiced my ·Objections
! was held many months 11go, and my letter withdraw-
ing from the committee was written nearly two weeks
ago. I had bef~re . !(1e . at that time such evidence as
this:
··
Princeton University refused to invite Dr. Sunday, and "gave its reasons. The dean of the graduate
school, over· · his ·own signature, printed quotations
from Dr_ Sunday's .''sermons.''
And these are specimens:
"If a .minister . helieve.s and teaches evolution he
is a stinking skunk, a hypocrite and a liar.''
"If I were the wife of some of you men, I'd refuse to clean their old. spittoons. I say let every hog
clean his own trough.''
''Your wife has as good a right to line up before
a bar and fill up her skin with the hog-gut you do,
as you have." ''Then Herodias carne in and danced with her foot
stuck out to a quarter to twelve, and old Herod
said, 'Sis, you 're a peach. You can · have anything
you want even to the half ·o f .my kingdom.' She hiked
off to her licentious mother."
"Why, a man with red blood in his veins can't
look at half the women in the .streets now and not have
impure thoughts.''
"Little girl. y!lu look ilo small;
Don't you wear no clothes a.t all!
Don't you wear no chemise shirt!
Don't you wear no petty skirt?
Don't you wear no · U~Jderclothes
But your corset and your ho!e!"
They call this a revival of religion.
But it will be observed that in my letter to the
eommittee I took another ground. I did so because
I had read the apologies made for Dr. Sunday by
clergymen and heard in committee the arguments in
support of the invitation.
If the pulpit and the new substitute for the religion of Jesus Christ are the gospel according to
"Billy Sunday," then Protestant Christianity i~
doomed and man's indignant heart will turn away to·
find the symbols of its faith eisewhere.
• • •
The Twin City RPporter of :\finneapolis throws a
glimm!'r of light on the RPY. Rilly 's madness and indicat!'s hP is liS fool ish as 11 fox. He is quoted as saying:
"Why do people-Pspecially the workin-g people-fall
for this r eligious gameY I can't understand it. It 's
funny th ~ way th py:.go r razy and give up the m.oney.''
�The Western Comra.de
lt
The Muddling Worker
By HOMER CONSTANTINE'
A
CRITICAL analysis of a widely printed photo- hazard style of the workers, muddling along with litgraph of a scene at;. Bay'?nne, New Jersey, strike tle or no team work, while the other fellow depends on
riot would show that it was rather pporly faked. Why standmg together in concerted action-and wins. .
have only one man in the attitude of drawing a re-- ·
A couple of. yea~:~ ago I spent con'side~!!-ble tim~ in
Yol ver 1 . Why not several with drawn guns t In my ex·
perience as a newspaper .photographer I faked them 1"""'_""":"'_ _ _.._ _"""":_ _ _ _ _......__ _ ....;._ __ _
worse tha~ that and knew of it being done dozens of ·
imes.
But why shouid editors of Labor and Socialist publications be surprised or indignant about a cheating
1photograph. Is a lie by the camera worse than the
myr·iad lies in the story ·written about the scenef As
fo r the picture, I would ,\'ather believe it genuine and
that the youth well down stage, in convenient range
of the camera for "close-up stuff," is ref!lly drawing
nn honest-to-god gun, and that he is about to get some
netion.
The disheartening feature of the photo is the lack
of cohesion and team work on the part of the rioters.
There are enough men present, tramping over most
convenient paving stones, to have carried the trenches
of the Rockefeller gunmen. It seems like the old, hap-
T.he Wrong ·Ways
Bayonne; a!l4 the seen~ · here shown was on my· route
between the railway tation and my work. Looking
at it now I al~ost regret I could not have b'een present~
Those smaller paving stones look so alluringly easy
to dislodge.
Do You Really Want Socialism?
'I
By JOHN M. WORK
'1' has been said that Socialism will not be introduced
on Wednesday afternoon at half past two. In other
words, it will not be a sudden process so that we can
point to any specific date as the time when the new
order was born.
I agree with that statement. But, it is also true that
there will come a time when we will win a general
election and capture the powers of the National Government.
That day will be the beginning of the end of the
great struggle for Socialism. That day will .be the
hegim1ing of the end of ex:ploitation, poverty, and all
the soclial ills that blight the lives of the great host
whose hearts are weary "longing for the strif~ to
cease. ''
I
When will that day come f
It will come · whenever the Socialists want it to
(•Oml.'. We can have Socialism whenever the Socialists ·
!'Cally want Socialism.
A minority of the Socialists are exceedingly active.
Their work for the cause is all that could be desired
1 or expected. Brit there are thousands upon thousands
of people who vote the Socialist ticket, ·and yet who
nl.'vcr turn a hand over to get Socialism except by
one act. That act ·is very commendable in itself, but,
instead of being the &Qle act performed for the cause,
it should be the culmination of many activities. 1\'laybe
these people want Socialism,• but they certainly do not
act like it.
In order to get Socialism, it is necessary to convince
a majority of the people that we ought to have itso that they, too, will vote the licket.
There is no way to do this except through close,
compact, thorough, efficient organization.
We must fight systematically, not chaotically. We
must fire broadsides, not popguns. We must meet the
powerful organization or the ·enemy with an organization still more powerful.
Ten million unorganized Socialists would have no
terrors for the capitalist class. But half a million or- ·
ganized Socialists, carrying on a systematic, persistent,
courageous, methodical propaganda, can turn tl1e
United States, not upside down, but right side up,
scare the plutes into spasms; carry the election, and
introduce Socialism.
You are not ~ good Socialist unless you are a mem-
�Tbe ·.Wester-n llom:·r ade
ber of the Socialist Party-organization. Y6tt are not a integral part of the DlO\'CDlent.. Ev~ry member; hould
good Socialist unless you hP.stie f~r SocialiSm.
, _ . . be aotivv.: Every mt'~1>er 'Should be thoroughly p6 t
A Socialist who is not a member of the party or- , not only on tbe prin~iple but al o on ilie tactic and
ganization is exploiting his own bro~l!r Socialists; be- current even of the movement, o that the organiucause he is mal,ing them perform the duties he ought tion will at all times b able to S\Ct with both wi dom
to perform.
. •. and expedition on every question that arise .
We are already beginning to be called upon.,_.to step
Tll.is insures tbe maintenance· of a rl\nk and file
in and ~ake charge of the immediate work of making the movement. ~Both a thoroun-h and elficient organit"3tion
transition from capitalism to S6cialism. In many lo- lllld 2.
&.nd iile moven\ent are indi pt>nsable Ul the
calitics, this responsibiTity llas already l5een · pla.ced · Sociali t .Ps.rty.
·
upon us. ·
· ·
· '·
·· what ft :requires · to , accomplish thest> result i
:Yet, l!lany alleged Socialists still neglect the:- duty, thorough .o rganizati9n, co-ordinate effort, per 'istent agthough these successes ~ake it vastly easier thru.. hith- .. gr sivcQ.e ' wi e' foresight and indomitable courag .
erto to build a powerful org~nization and .to reach the ·
T.he · ~m for, scatt~ring shot is gone.
mirtdR of the people.
Tb~ ~ime for-Fainbow-cha ing is gone.
Joining the party organization and paying dues
"'e must be·practical. We must u e common sen e.
promrtly is the fir~t duty of every Socialist. No oth~r
lYe .mu:!>t advance upon the enemy in perfect order
work you can do for the cause will have such a telling ~:~nd in battle a~ray.
1
and far-t'Nif·lling !'ffrrt.
.
· ·
· By so 'doing, we shall win this politicai battle .and
II a vin~ join<•d , h<• a member-a real member-not emaneipate ours~lves from the galling chains of capia d<'arl Oil<·. F.1·<·ry memher of the SoeialisfP-a rty"is 11n talism.
rank
Truth Will Conquer
By ALBERT A. JAM ES
relig-ion of Christ 11 myth? Is it 11 power in
I Hthetlwwol'!d
today ? ?\lind you, I do not refer to the
visihl e organizrd church, but to the simple words and
te1t<•h ings of .Jrsns as _rer·orded in the Bible.
Is it a fad that ;m~· consid<>rable numher of the
individuals of f!H' so-<·lllled Christian nntions of the
wol'!rl hrliC'V(' that that Christ ever lived i.n the world
a<; a man Y A'nd do tht>y beliew that His spirit is in
th<· lwar·ts of men todny 1
Every·datc linr on every war order which sends the
millions of working. mrn of one nation at the throats
of the wm·krrs of anothrr nation, the date line, mind
you, points to the birth of a baby in a manger, while
the hody of the order.proves that the promoters of
war have forgotten that the baby grew to manhood
and taught and gav<> his life to prove that the world of
the futme should he ruled by love and brotherhood
and
not by brute force.
1
Tht>. dntP line on CYery promissary note points to
the birth of the savior of mankind, but the interest
elausc proves •that the so-called Christians of today do
not takE> .him seriou ly when he condemns the pr~tice
of taking interest.
· •
'l'ht> dnte lint's on evt>ry pit>et> of money points to
the greate t day in the world's history, the day on
whil'h tl1t> world's creator took on the form of man
and came to live among the people as an example of
how evil might be bani bed from am<mg men. Yet
it is a common aying that money i the root of all evil.
Jn the early centuries after Christ, the ruling cla s
of the world -tried to destroy his ·work by killin'g
.' those who were ms ·f ollowers. Later · they discovered
a more effectrve plan, that was to pretend to accept
his teachings and · by' hiding his words fro in the mass
the~' gave out their saying as . the go pei and thus
ensla-ved belit>vers !'lnd unqelievers alike.
Too many of the world's dispossessed today he~r
only the call of the fat parasite when he adminishes
the "servants to .obt>v vour masters." · You are in·
vi ted to turn to the \~o~ds of Jesus. and read there a
rlldicalism that will make your Socialism look ~on
<;ervlltive.
RPad tht> words of the Carpenter of Galilee and
you will find there truths that will turn your bate to
lovt>. You will find there a social justice proposed that
will m11ke the Co-opcrath·e Commonwealth appear as
only the next step up the long stairway of human
emai1cipation.
~rn the pages of any New Testament and 'read
thert> the words · of the world's greatest man-lover.
You will find truths which if properly used will driw
the mental prostitutes orit of the pulpit and force them
from the social and religiC'ns leadership of the nation.
I answer my questions in the affll'Jllative. The
world 's greatc t teal' her, who was murdered by thr
ruling class nt>arly two thou A'nd years ago, still lives
in the ht>arts of mPn today. His truths will bring fref>dom to the wagt> slavt>s of America today.
�The Western. Co
rade
r
Recall this · Judge!
''SJOX
your n:unC' and driw· a recall nail in_ f.he
politil·lll 1·offin of .Judge Willis."
Lo!4 J\ttgl'll'l' waH the first C'ity in the United 'tates
,,, n•c·.all au otlic·irol who opposrd the will of the people,
I 11 thi" latt"c;;t :tppt·al is a hit stat1ling to the average
,.,. iz•·rt who i~; ~topr11· d on the street by circulators of
I'' 1it iouK Hnd a,.;kt·d to •wnt!•IJ('(' a superior judgr to relll'o•lfll'llt for lift•.
"\\'E Al'PI\,\L TO TilE PEOPLE WHO ARE
.\I'.OVE ALL .JlJDGES. .. So proclaims- hand pills
ll'llllt•d hy tlw Anti-Grand Jury League, which goes on
'' ' stat1· that tlw Ct>ntral Labor Council, the Building
Oavld Caplan and llf!ltthew Schmidt
Tr~tdl's
( 'ount·il :wd th1• ~ol'inlist Assembly of Los Anl!•·lt·-; hu\'!• nil pns.·N! rPsolutions imilar in intent, the
""'' pn. >wtl hy tl11• ('t>ntrnl Lnbor Conn<'il rt>ading as
t'ullnw. :
t
\\'IIJ<~IH~A~. tht> fntr of .fohn Law on today may be
I It · t';rh• of ~\11." num tomorrow whose power to organize
tft,. workt•r. tht• m11 tl'rela. {('ars and
WlmREA~. •rnnd .Juri(' in Colorado hue indicted
ltt mdrt>t:l.· or l'nion ~line . but not one mine-Qwner,
lUI! I in :-\t•w York , t•of't', of Garmt>nt Workt>~ but not
"'''' t•lothinl! trtult• E>mployt>r, and
\\'IIEREA.', .r~nd Jurit>S in California have jut
! ·••n ~iYt'n :m adtiro len~th of rope with which to
1 ''"'" th01e Ht:tt tht.>y han• indil'ted, by the deei ·,.u o!
-Tudgl' 1<'. R. Willil . giwn iu open court, in whieh l1e
dedar<>tl that the indictment of Caplan and "'cltmidt'
wa legal "Reg.ardle of wht>ther or not tltere • ·
preti!!dice on tht> part of cl.'rtain rand Juror
bo returnt>d th<' indietmt>nt, ·· tbrrefore b(' it
RE OLVED tl:a"·it i the duty of good citiztln hip
to (1) recall Judge· _F . R.: Willi from thr ·henrh; (2) to
initi'ate comtifutional amendment aholishiug rnnd
Jury Procl.'ss in Californi-a ; (3). to form nn ANTIGRAND JURY LEAGUE in Lo Angele , alifornia,
and throughout the United tates, and be it al o
RESOLVED that we constitute ourselves a committ('t> of OU-t> . hundred· to obtain 'th(' ignatUI'l'S of
friends and mrmbers of ·organized Lnbor in Los AngriPs to the aforelllentiont>d :rcall and initiative pc·
tition.
Romething new, this recall .tnOYe in the deft>IHll' or
prisoners who are being' tried in ('apit!llist 's rourts hy
!'a pit a list's judgt>s and rapitalist 's jurit>s wth 1 he pr~>h·
a hie eapitalist 's verdict; something new-yes, ;wd a
most unpleasimt novrlty to. thesl' jtidgPs who Sl'r ap
prals taken from the courts to the people!
The resolution passed by the Soeialist Assemhly
sets fo.rth in part that
.
"The grand jury which in'di~ted Schmidt and !1Jl·
Jan wa~ an illegal grand jury in thi~, to-wit, that it
<'ontllin('d in its mt>mh('rship F ..H.. Hughes aud H. H.
i\1a,vhcrr~', personal friends of F . J. ZE"ehandelaar, tlw
~~·eretary of the Merchants and Manufacturers ·Asso!'iat ion of Los 4-ngeles; E. H. Greppin, a former director
of said Association; L. J. G. Rpruance and 11. J. Whitll'y, who had the 0. K. of said Association and its said
srerl'tary: J. E. Carr~ a former• partner of W. D. ,
Stevt>ns, a rcpresl'ntativc in CongreSR, aud believed l;y
the said Zeehandlaar to be on the side of the Association: John Blesser, believed by the l'!aid Zeehandclaar to
he also on the side of the said Aslilociation; E .•J. VawtC'r, also believed hy the ·said Zeehandlaar to. be on thP.
sidf' of the said Assoc·iation; 1<~. A. }<"()rester, a 11trong.
anti-union man, and Charles A. Wier, one of the
. trong:est admirers of the said Assocmtion and itH said
secretary."
. orne prl'judiee in such a jury list as that-is there
not!
And the judgl' who would ignore such prejudicewhat hould be done to him f
If you had a chance to sign a petition for his reCAJI
- what would you doT
Here i an opportunity for lonrs of {reedDm to
trik(' a blow at oppr ion and tyranny by the courta
of <"apitalism.
�The Western Comrade
Christian Balzac Hoffman
C
O~IRADF. CHRJSTIA~
BALZAC HOFF~IAN has
left us and we lose one of the bravest, gentlest
iiOUI~> that has dt•voted a valuable life to the noblest
eau'!e. lli,; loHs will
be keenly felt not only by,_those
.
who wPrt' more closely associated with him, but by
thOU"!:ttlds or ahscnt comrades WAO have known him
and Jon•d him.
Thl•y knew his writing and his work on the- platform. Comrade Hoffman 's successes in the business
world ('arly in life did not lessen this profound love for
hi-; f'dlo\\·.man. Tht> grim sordidness of commercial life
madt· no imprt>ss on his lovable personality. As a propal.("and ist he was untiring1 patient and withal forceful
arH] t:onvineing.
.
ThP Pntl <·arHc for him as he had wished. He passed
q 11 it•! ly a ftpr· an acti n• <lay's work. for the cause he
lovpd so wPII. To Comrade Anna, the beloved wife
who snl'\'i\'t>S him, W<' extend our sincerest; deepest
R.vrnpatlty. A notP from her breathes a loyalty and devol ion to his mcmor·y, and a brave support of her ber·pa \'('tnPnt that is inspirational to still greater efforts
in t ht> f':tlls<' to whiPh this great soul was so devoted.-'(Tht· Etlitors.l
It is a great blood-letting of the PEOPLE, planned
and ordered by the rulers to quiet the · pirit of revolution-democracy--Socialism ; to weaken and exhau t
the people ; to blind them with hatred; to divide them
into nations ahd countries; to reduce .them into tribe.
and cla~; to . set them to ~ghting and killing each
+ + +
(This powerful arraignment of war and the makers
of war waa written ahortly before the death of Comrade
Hoffman.)
I
Do You Want War?
MEAN you-the mother- the father- the brotherthe sister-the woman-the man. I am asking you:
DO YOU WAN'l' WAR? I am not asking the money
h>nder, the bond br·oker, the manufacturer of ammunition, of guns, shot and shell nor the exporter of foodi:luffs and mules. I am asking YOU. Not the politi(•inn, th~ statesmen. the patriot, the American, the Englishman, the Ger1nan, the Frenchman, the Russian, the
'l'nrk. I GO BEYOND THESE-TO THE REAL YOU.
l appeal to your heart, your soul, to your manhood,
your womanhood, TO YOU AS A MEMBER OF THE
\~HEAT RROTHERIIOOD-1\IANKIND.
Do you W!lnt war? Do you want to drench the
whole world in blood ? Is it not enough that Europe
is blood-mad, frenzied with fire, rape, murder T Is
Amt'riC'a to he dr11wn into the orgy-into the deathdance of c•ivilizntion f
Are yon forgetting that this is a war of the rich T
Thi-, is not a revolution of the people against their opprt>ssors-of the workers against their exploiters-of
slavt's against masters-of poor against rich. This is
a war of the ARISTOCRACY-OF KINGS AND
PRINCES.
other; to forget that they are brothers, common men
and women who own nothing except their strength to
toil and have nothing to lose but their chains.
Rew:~re, you sticklers for national honor-you
prodders of patriots! .
•
Should you sucC'eed in involving America in war
you may be unable to control the universal fr-enzy.
The exploited of the world, the homeless, jphlP!!S
vagabonds, the tramps and loafers, the degenerates who
rot in your jails and asylums-who fester in your slums
and swarm in your cities, may take you at your word.
may follow your preachings and example and burn, rape
and kill on their own aeconnt. Yon are playing with fire-hell's fire-when yon
push this ·game to the limit.
�The We..ste'1"
Let
By EDMU
Co
1"a.de
en-- Li
D R. BRU
P
RESS reports inform us that Thomas A. Edison,
the grt'atest living inventive genius, has been .en,l!llgt•d hy the Navy Department to de,Yjge new and
uwrt• d••adly instruments of destruction. Following
..Jo<w upon this is another and even graver announ<:enwnt-that substantial increases are to be made in
t lw 1u·my and all military equipment. No doubt a great
many know nothing of either event. Probably few
wlw know, sec anything therein to cause concern. Certain it i11, howcvt'r, that scarcely a protest has been
mad ·, and from many quarters has come most hearty
<tpplanK('. lt all goes ' to show that, while making a
~n·at JH'('f<•nse of being for peace, and though we have
~.- ort•d sevcr<'ly tllc nations of Europe· for indulging
iu war, we, the American people, are not free from
tlwir <'rror, hut are blindly, boastfully, treading the
l't•ry same path O\'er which the warring countries have
t•usht•d to their present fearful sacrifice of life and
t rt•nRurc.
Who cun dispute it 1 And if there be those who
cu n, how c11n they profess to possess regard for truth
or to he intelligent? When genius is prostituted to the
purposes of war, than which no baser purposes exist;
when tens of thousands of strong. young men are to
lw taken from home and friends and the pursuits of
prn' and led to die on the battlefield or herded into
bnrraeks, prepared to meet such death; when an insidious, widespread propaganda. of war-malting patriotism i well under way, with editors and teachers
nnd pr aehers giving it strong support-when this is
the cas , is not some foreboding justified T Is it the
part of pl'\tdence to sit with folded hands and ascribe
nn t rnity to peace while "those who have caught
th rabies from the dogs of war" persist in trying to
pr duct' an pidemic of the same disease f
Th d ath of my father not long ago has made me
fc•t•l more d ply than ver the preciousness and sacredne s of human life. In spite of its sorrow and trials,
words are too weak to express its \vondrous charm. and
the w alth of "'orld were inadequate return for the
!-!1 m and tht' heartaehe that. attends its passing. "Let
~ft'n Li t>! ' Let this be our slogan. Let men live:m livE' a men should live. Life must be preserved
11. long a po ible, be lifted up, made joyous and free.
1t will lw.
t> y and j
iee demand it, and an enli~hte •f'd. u~ ful manhood and womanhood will bring
i1 to p.'l . Life · worth living now with all of its
n~l
W()(' •
What will it be when a just ooal
~ankindT
,
BA GH
,It is hard to y nd ind
i
bould try. Prophee i a tJumkl
. lt
only invite : the · Jeers and n
soul. and e en we who are lookin far for~ ard NUl
~att.~h but ,a .,.limp 'e of the glory that i t b . Th
rational, ocially ·rightflOu · man not' only dNam , hut
h<" s~rive to mnke his dream om tru . He cmmot
be contl'-nt 'Yith a count<'rfeit t•ivilizati n. Hi •rath
is aroused by a y tom that produc war or shack!
AN IMPERTINENT UNCLE
•
Sbe: ..you alwaY.• follow me, and even count my
footsteps. To know what· you want of me 1.t of no
a.coount to me."
-Oan~, San .Antonio, Tnu
A ' 'Mex:lc:an-Ameri;:an•• view of tb<:o •ltuatlnn.
life- to a ne-edle-u struggle for animal ~eaitiet. The
man of today wbo is making bistol')", promoting prog~
re _ advancing the world, i.s a walking protest agaiu.t
anything or anybody that, mddeBly or by degreft,
destroy oman life, de-ft>ating ita purpCM~e and denying
its vmue.
-;.
�The Western Comrade
24
Llano Dramatic Club
T~E
Live Wire Dram.ati~ Club of
the Llano del Rio Community h,
"cored another ucces in the produc- ·
tion of a farce comedy that proved a
riot of fun from the minute the cur.
tain rang up to the tag, -a new ong
of the co~pmu.Dity.
The company played to a capacity
houst>-;-meaning everybody in ,Llnao.
Standing room only and overflow
are the rules of Llano amu ement
.for two reasQns-the attractions are
-good and no admis ion is charged.
The east of the Si locumb play iu.
eluded: 'W. A. Engle in the title role,
::\Irs. B. R. Brainerd, Ray Keough.
::'lf·r s. Keough, the Wall ace brother• I
and their wives, Dr. R. K. Williams.
E arle E. Glass, F. P. ~Icl\Iahon, G•·o. ·
T. Pickett, Wm. Schnitzer, B. R.
Brainerd, ::\Irs. McMahon, .David.
Ce.darstrom.
.
Local hits and songs were libe'rally 1
interspersed. Dr. Williams and l\Ir ·1
W a llaee sang a duet that bt·ought
half a dozen encores. Dr. " rilliams
by· n clt>Yer· piece of "busines. .. .
IH·ought .Comr·ade Wiley of Fre no on
the stage and the community metn·
hers heard their nPw master of song
for the first time.. lie not only sang.
hut within a few minutes he had
eYerybody present singing, and sing·
ing 'well. It was inspiring to many
\·isitors to see and hear the pioneers
lustily joinipg. in the chorus. With
an all-star cast it would not be :fa.ir
·to make selections. The success of
t lte play is most en~lOuraging to the
cluh and another play is on the way.
Two dramatic companies and a
~ninstrel troupe :henceforth will f<YI'm
a large part of the amus mentli of the
c-ommunity. Wh~n better faciliti~s
are provided for theatrical produe·
tions n greater lmpPtus will he' givPn
to dramatics in the communitv. At
prPsent the assembly hall at the cluh
house has a eapacity of only· ahout
4;)0 and the seats are always fill ed
11nci thP standing room occupied he·
fore the rurtain rings 'up.
'I'he arts and crafts club has joinf'd
with the Linn? lo~al S~eialist ~arty
and the eombrnatton wtll contnbutt 1
the next pntertainment.
·
When the hig silo, 20 feet in diam"tl'r and 40 fePt }ligh, is completPd
it will hp visihle for hundreds of
mill's a,.rmls the valley. Ultimatl'ly
11 st"archlight will be placed on the
top of this silo and its rays will
startle the people within a radius of
!lt>Yeral hundred miles.
'1
~
.
'
'
I am writi.ng to ]pt you loiow it ain't. all april'ot jam and honey
· ,¥,id nevC't'
rndin.g good ~Iimate out ·her·e in Llano.
·~ ~~Ye~terday -1 stay¢ in the pellch orchar;d at the Tilghman
11
ce , nftt>r the -·othe?.'kids had g6ue. .I "';as laying und_'Cr a tree ·
the Engle]~P:\11\.-S~arty was' ihere too. Then it got kinder
lart and a w~·'C~\Re i1p and , ,\•e started for home. l was \'ating a dandy juicy peach and singing" I'm glad my mother didn't
raise me to hr.:!\ i36l'dter·, •_:_ het~.J)n ·1)it<\s and not minding the
wirul 'nntil it oegan to blo\lr the alfalfa so that you would have
thought Y£!\1 \n>rr waiJ<ing on the ocean.
Smarty was ·walking along side of me, feeling friend ly like
with everything till the . ~vind, phoof, upended Smarty and blew
him i\wny O\'<'t' the gr·.('(~n · and made him real mad so he barked
while he was n going. It would have taken me too but I :was
hnllastl'd with peaches so I just laughed tho' I couldn 't see
where 1 wa going-till I saw stars-when a peach hit me on
the nose :md I woke up.
Gee, I'm glad now I doni live where there's cyclones or blizZI'.rds,
,
Yours fraternally,
Fatty Smith.
- Prt<wlng and Te"t by M . A. K empr
�. 25
The Western Comrade
Knit Underwe·ar
------------------------------~----------------------------
Cheapest Because I.t .·W .e ars_. Bes·t ·
·.·Men'~
Women's
l'nion Suit~. low neck, knee le n gth, sizes 32
to H ..
. ...... .. .................... $1.25
l ' nion Suits. half low n Pck . e lbow s leeYes, ankle
length. s izE's 32 to 44 ___ .. _.. _.. . ........... 1.25
l'ndE'r \' ests. s leeYeless, s izes 30 to 44. . . . . . . . . .3~
:'\ight Hohes. sizes 32 to 46 ..............-.. ... . 1.50
HosE'. extra wearing, l.Ji ack , sizes 8 to lO'h .. . . . .30
Hose·. 1-ij{,ht weight. all colors, s izes 8 to l O'h .. . .50
Undershirts, light weight, cream; sizes 34 to 44 .. $ .75
Undershirts, ·light weight, black, sizes 34 to 44 .. 1.00
Drawer s, light weight, er eam, sizes 30 to 44 . . . . .75
Drawers, light we ight, c ream; t~lzes 30 to 44 .... 1.00
Shirts and _D~awers, -double fl eeced, grey, sizes
30 to 44 .... . ...... ..... ......... , . ....... . . 1.25
Shirts and :Orawers, Egypti11n cotton, ecru,
sizes 30 to 44 ... ... •....... . ................ 1.50
Boys'
Girls'
Children's
l'nion Suits. sizes 2ll to 30 . . . $ .50
l 'nion Suits, bette r grade,
s izE's 20 to ~o ...... _.. .
1.00
Hose, bla<·k. tan o r white ,
sizes G to l11 1h ............. . . .25
Taped unions, answering
purpose of a wa ist, sizes
20 to 28 .. ......... ....... . $ .65
Same as above, on ly b e tt e r grade. s izes 20 to 28. . . 1.05
U nion Suits, size~ 2·0 to 32 .... $ .60
U nion Suits, t.~ _ter g~a4e,
sizes 20 to 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Sportsman
hos e for ·boys,
sizes 6 to lO'h ... .. ... .25 · to .40·-
Pure Wool Goods
~lade h~- \Yool nrowt·rs' Co-opcr:ttivc :Mills.
Dirert From Sheep's B~H·k to Yonr Back.
Dlack and Grey Mackinaw Coat, len gth 35
inches, s izes 36 to 44 ............ . ........ .. $8.00
Trousers, Grey and Navy Blt:e, usu.al sizes ...... $4.00
Shirts, Grey and Na vy Blue, usual sizes . . .. .. . • 3.00
Blankets
Men's Hose
White or grey, 70x82 in ., weight 5 lbs .. . . ..... .. $7.85
Grey, 70x82 in ., we ight 7'h lbs.... .. . . . . . .. .... 9.90
Extra wearing value, Mack, sizes 9 to ll 'h .... . $ .25
H eavy weight, black, sizes 9 to lllh, 3 pairs .... 1.00
Llano del Rio Community.
<Mail Order Department)
923 Higgins Bldg.
Los Angeles, Cal.
(Make nil checks or money orders p11ya\Jie to Llano de l Rio Company)
...
..
~-
�The We-stern Comrade
. 26
REVOLT
IN MEXICO·
Head the Correct Interpretation of Underlying Motives in the
1\lost Remarkable and Valuable Book ~f the Year..
The Mexican: People-- .
Their Struggle for Freedom
-B:rL. Gutierrez de Lara and Edgcumb Pinchon
•••
Eugene V. Debs says:
"• •
• ·It is written from the point
or view of the working cla:ss, the tillers of
the soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these· centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of ·a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by ~.he military power."
•••
Georgia Kotsch says:
"• •
•
It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents the stark truth that
American and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against the proletariat of
Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the l\Iexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country."
•••
Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
We will
end you this book and The Western Comrade for one
year for $2.00
BU'
Business is Good '.
I E
i 'good.''
If you have any doubt , con·ult the daily new papers, ' hicl1
have a way, all their O\Vn, of jug.
gling bank clearance and making
them appear to be on the increa e.
Bu ine · in Lo Angeles, especially, i "gooa."
If vou don't believe it, eon ult tlu·
empl~ymenf agencie , where one mily
find a .hundred_men for every joh.
Bu ines in our town i "Good. · '
J (you are from :Jli ouri, take 11
look at the 3600 empty ·tort•rooms,
whieh, if rented, would net nl,Jout
.;1 000,000 a year.
· 1\nd .then ff you nre still in donht.
tr·v and loente a r<•nl estate man who
h1;~ made u deal in a month. Ask
enPh OJJP ahout the 6000 t>mpty homws
in 'Los Angeles, aml top it o'ff hy tr~··
ing to hon·ow some money at a hmik
at tlw Sl111ll' rate of interest, and on
thP sauw. seeurity, nt which lllvuey ·
·.,:ould han ht>en f:eeured two yenrs
n~o .
Bnsint>ss is " .good., in Los An·
gt•lc·s and in your· town.
ThPt'P !'an he no donht ahout it.
Enr·y fir·m. almost, has disehnr·gNl 11
portion of' its t•mployes, and tr·immed
I hi! \\'llg'l'S of the otJwrs.
.\!so, and ftu·tlwr·more, t_he shl'riff
is hus_v •··losin~ np the !'tnnll fellows
wh<J <·<lll't pay thl'ir hills, and en].
IPI'tion 11!!•·nts are seckin~, irt vain, to
rnl1 tht• · unt>mpltiyl·~l ·into a eorrH•r·
a nd c·otnJH•I -tlwm to settle.
Y .. t. n•r·i ly , husin£>ss is ''good.' '
.\nd it's g!'tting h<'tter r·npiuly, with
1"<'\"<'t's•• English .
Hu,- if ,von think this applies to
I.os A ng-PIPs a ion<', you don 't know
yo11 r own hornP town. The " depre!l~'>io n · · is l'OUntry-wiue- it is world.
wid<'.
Tlw faet that expropriation has
on•rt akt•n hutH.lrl'ds of thousands of
our hon rgeoist' friends is carefully
•·oncealeu by the daily newspapers.
THE JONES BOOK STORE .
22fi W est First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
1l P:ulquarter·s for the hest Socialist
hooks and literature.
INSURANCE
Fire, Life, Accident, Liability
Automobile, Etc.
Beot Companleo
Lowe.t RatH
P~
0. NOEL
-PhoneoMaln 5247. A ·45a3
Realdence 31231
W ill be glad to call on you
�T h e Western Comrade
The same old prosperity yawp greets
wherever you .read the newspapers. Many of them refuse to print
any more accounts of suicide and all
sidestep the reason for the appalling
uumber who give up in the unequal
struggle.
One deep mystery is: What has
hecoihe of the vast horde of small
salaried counter salesmen, and bookkeepers . who have been thrown out
h.v the closing out of. smal.l business?
This is the most hopeless and helpless
elass on earth. Efforts to organize
thC>m haYe pro.ven almost futile
t•\·erywhere. Set·vile and smug they ·
h;l\'e led all battalions of the Henry
Dnhb cadet corps.
From this class is recruited the
:'\ntiomtl Guard and the Naval ~[i
litia. Their sons later dn join the
llo~' Seouts, the Boys' Brigade, the
.\I ilitia of Ch rist and other regiments
rt•ady to battle for the gods of their
lllRSt<:'rS.
The hig-hways are strewn with
I,Jankl't stiffs <'Yen this <'arly in the
,\· .. ar, d(•spite the fact workers in sea~oua l Ol'enpations are not yet suppo~"d to ht• disemployed. TlH•t·efore
business is "good" for the ruhc con~tahlc with a mileage graft.
Business is "good "-for the makl'I'S of guns and ammunition, and the
hr-ok<:'rs who deal in war supplies,
and the grafting officials who lHtndle
tht> wat· loans.
. 1(1
~-ou
Make a Big Grab
AssailPd hy a ravenous hunger an
old man steals a loaf of bread.
"T<:'n years," yawns a fat judge,
:tJl(l th<' old man goes to prison for
li f(•.
Another man steals an eutire
11'hcat crop and a railroad and gets
a coat of federal court whitewash.
The moral lies before your eyes.
lt 's a mntter of proportion. Be a
hig thief and make a bold grab for
the whole cheese.
t
~adiant
T oad
Kathcryn, blonde, beautiful and 6,
whose parents recently entered the
( 'hristian Science fold, started on an
t'\'Pning stroll with a favored uncle.
:\ toad rustled in the underg1·owth
hPsidP the path.
" rt ·s only a friendly toad," said
th<' uncle.
'' I know,'' said the child in a voice
c·aleulat<'d to convince\hersel'f. "He
\\·ont hurt us. H e'll just r eflect ,
love!''
Sold Only To
·P hysicians, Lawyers, Educators,
Clergymen, Social Workers:.and ·
Wri~~rs
Prices heretofo~e $5·.50. . Identjcally same work,
in less .~xi>ensive binding~ .
$1.60.
now
This is the revised a~d enlarged.l\rAR HALL,ENGLI H TR.AN
LA'.CION of ··
''The Sexual Question''
I
By August Forel, l\L D:, .Ph. D., LL. D., of ·zurich. Every professional man or woman, dealing . with' social, criminal, m dical
and religious matters w~ll find this. ·book of' imm diate value.
Without doubt th e most comple~c and authoritative as well as
th<' most amazing book ever 'written on sexu-al matters. · Subject
tl'ea ted from every poiut of view by this celebrated scienti t in
tt•rms of tlw avernge reader.
Tlw l'11apter on "Love and Other Irradiations.' of th
exual
.\ppPt itc '' is in itself a profound ~eVellltion of human e~-_emo
tions. Complete exposition of degeneracy and treatment. Distms·
sious of contraceptive mean . , 'hould- be in the hands of every-.
·
one dealing with domestic relations.
Send $1.60-check, money ord r or stamps-to
Gotham Book Society, Dept. 387
"Any book . on any subject,
~Y
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If you do not take this paper you should eubecrlhe today!
Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorneys at
Law
921 Higgins Bulldlng
Los Angeles, Cal.
Home A-2003
Main 6l9
-A. J. STEV E NS
DenHat
306 South Broadway
!Worn 514
Loa Angeles, Cal.
�T h e . W e s t e r n C om r a, ·ae
28
THE WESTERN . COMRADE
~48
Entered aa second-class matter at the
poat olllce at Los AJ>gelea, Cal.
924 Higgine Building, Loe Ang,e lee,. <;aJ.
Subecrip.tion Price One Dollar a Year
In Club1 of Four Fifty Centl!
to tell Kaiser Bill where his terminus is located. In fact, . Bill told
the Pope to go to and attend
strictly to his own business, which ·
e-veryone \yill admit is no nice way
to talk to the vicar of Christ.
***
knew. th-e ship ·wa a, floating ammunition magazine eng~ed in the
.most danaerous o.ccupation of run.
ning guns through ·a submersible
blockade. They· gambled and lo t
and now their kind want you,
~enry, to go to war and get killed.
Tbe world is mad, but there are a
few million workers who still have
possession · of their senses und
thr.ough this is the hope o~ the sur.
vi,·al of the race.
AB further proof that everyone
hargone crazy, it :night. be said
Vol. Ill
August 1915 , No. 4 t_bat newspapers in the United
States this. ~-inter will be · gloating
over the . btg Euro{>ean _otders for
Rambling Thoughts
food produced in til United States, ·
-~
The c<litor of a Los Angeles news- while millions are goin~ hungry ·in
A prize-fighte r goes into training
pape'r d<,eJar·es the war. iu Europe the country .. where· the food was several week before the hour et
must stop he<·ause the wor·ld is going produced. .Sure·! liet 's all go for him to go into the ring. If he
bankrupt, not because the tJlood, craz:v! Ship the. food t.o Europe to didn't intend to fight h·e W()Uldn 't
bo!lrs and ftl'sh of millions of men feed the soldiers, so they can kiil a train. A girl learns dancing so she
arP heing HSI'd to fertilize the soil few more · mi)lion · innoc-ent people, · <·an show others just how they uo
of tlw nation.·. The same editot· sees and at the same time i Ll ow ot ht:'r thr . ];os Angeles wiggle. If she
trou hiP ah<·ad because of the destruc- millions to sfarve to "death he re at dirln 't intend to danee .she wouldn't
t ion of propt!l'ty and the piling up horne. '!'hat's a · great . little idea. take lessons. A pt·inter learns to
of a war debt that will requi·re 500 In fa ct it would he considered a . ~rt type because he intends to set
y<'ars to cr·asl', hut fails to see any- ten strike in at-iy ·squirrel' house in . typP for a living. A baker learn
thing to gf't excited about in the de- the wol'ld, if thought out .in cl.e tail thP bak er 's trade because he instruc:tion of I en million labor·ers and' hv one of th e inmates.
t•·nds to hake bread for a living.
thP sorrow whidr fills the homes of
But of coursr a nation doesn't buy
the• rlPad soldi <·rs. Real property,
Two foolhardy ,Americans lost . battleships ·a nd rifles, and ammuniowrH•d by th<• ric·h, is one thing, and . thPir lives when they p ersisted in tion. with the expectation of ena few million liVl'S is another, and tal<ing hazards of war__and sailed g-agiitg in war. Oh, no! Also, oh
of c•onsidPrahlv less importanre ac- f1·orn England on th e Arabic. 'l'hey 10lush !-Tl. W .
c·or:d in g to thi~ <'Jitor ·~line of' rea·
soning.
Job Harriman, Managl_ng Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
*
.
~
~..:
*
* **
;t:
Th e wholl· wor·ld is star·k mad ,
:md of co11rs~> this ~n<·lnd es the United
States. 'I'he rhurc h people at·c pt•aying for pea<·e, and the ammunition
manufadurt'rs arc working nights,
rl11ys and •Runcl~tys to turn out more
material , to tal< e more lives. The
l lnitl'd Rtntrs is neutral, h!ut tlw
prosp'rr·ity columns of its newspaprrs
gloat o\·c r· th e .big orders from Europr. Evrrybody wants peace, but
most of thrm g rab all the money they
~a n I!Pt hoJrl of, whether it repre~Pnts au Ol'der for beans or hullets.
• Cat holirll
**
>l<
arc killing · Catholics,
Pr·ote~;bnrts are killing Protestants,
~f n~ons are killing · l\Iasons, Socialists aJ·t' killing Socialists, and bushands fll'P. killing their wives' fam'il'il'l~ w.hrn they fire on homes in·
ncighbor·ing .c ountrirs. Sure! Wlty
not! _ Tt.'s a g r·eat little war, ·over
in Europe. Surely its great to be
" ''llZY!
Thr Pontiff, posing as the one and
only tru e r epresentative of God, and
supposrd (by mi'llions and millions) ,
to have the power of bringing -nations
to their knet's. has tried several times
FEHTlLlZI!\iG 'I'HE A:\IEH.IC'A:\ BEAUTY ROSE
- p , awlng by M . A . Kempf
�••
Retort Cautious
A FRENCHMAN
The American Socialist
and a German
lived in the same aparf:J:9.ent
.· Official Orru of. tlael1ouse j\llit aero .the court from ea h .•
other', and evenings after reading
their papers they would sit in their
windowFl and banter' each .otlier over
The American Soc:ialiat _apeab
t he vietories and defeats of their
with authority. It .ia a .,Owerful
The tfano del Rio ar••spel'tive countries.
operative Colony i .~in
news and propaganda weeklf
One night after nearly a . week of
ne d of a second-hand '
Frcndt reverses, the !}erman'1s gibes
and is tbe. o.nly . paper 'in the
' .
.·
lllld quips seemed to cut very seUnited States. which ·g ives an
Founda:tion
r<• relv. One word led to another unjlccount' of th~. official busineaa
til tl;e Frenchman could stand 1t no
Four-FJ1¥D.e .
of the Socialiat Party.
'
longr>r. Leaving his window in · hot
Every Socialist. Every Siudaat of So.ciahastr he returned a few moments
la ter playing the "Marsellaise" on
ist s~ould be a subscriber.
a ,·iolin. The German grunted his
Subacri ption · Price
disl.{ust and picked up his paper to
r•·ad, but ·the soul-stit ring music was
· 50 cents a ye~.
end All Particular a~d .
too much. Throwing down his paper
Description· to.
hr rli. appeared into his darkened
'l;he American Socialist imd The
t·oom and soon hoarse, throbbing
Western Comrade can be had hi
tones of a loud trombone were blar'combination for one year by sending away at "Der Wacht am
. 'ing $1.25 to
Hhine."
Apiary De pt . · ·.
THE .WESTERN COMRJ\I)E
Othe1· windows of the court began
923 Higgins Bldg. ·
to fi ll with heads and shouts and
· 924 HigginS Building
Los Angeles ·
pleadings for the entertainers to
Los Angeles, Cal.
<·Pasc pr·ovcd in vain. A hurry call
f<ll' the police by the quaking landlot·d. aided hy several protesting tennnts, brought in the police r eserve
squad. It did not take long to ·place
thr musicians under arre~t and they
"'''l'C taken to ·a nea1·by station house
and locked up for the night in widely ·
In ord.e r to place. a copy· of. our catalogue
rlivided cells.
or union-made .goods In the hands of
The n ext mornipg they were haled
every reader ot The Western Comrade,
hrfor e a very sober and severe justice
of the p eace who meted out to them
we will send postage prepaid, ?n receipt
nn PXcePdingly warm lecture on
or FIF'J;Y CENTS, one of . our genuine
" :-.rcutrality in Am erica:' ' with a fine
sheepskin-leather card cases BEARING
of $25 for disturbina the peace as a
THE UNION 'LABEL. • •
littlo ide dish. Then they were
made to hake hanqs as it they were
This card case contains four pockets,
fo1·ming a hond of
verlasting
one large tor blUs and -papers, one for
frirnd hip and told to go home toyour dues-stamp book, and -two wlth
gt'thcr .
tranaparent windows tor union ' memberPa, inrr down the ..treet they
ship cards. This Ia the' ONLY CARD
talked to each oth r in guarded
CASE on 'the maJ~'ket ·made b)' Organized
hntgn n:;!P. both fighting h of the
Labor and bearing t&e union labeL rt Is
\\'111'. When they r eached their apartno longer'necessary 'r or a class-conscious .
! mcnt. a young newsboy was heard
Sociallst to be Inconsistent•
. to r ry ou a great Ru sian victory
Send l.lfty cents ln stamps or money
i 1wrr thP Gcrman . The Frenrhman 's
order.
hNlrt I ap d 'for joy and on r aching
t hn part of the hall wl1ere they
part d he could hold himself no
long r.
' I .eP · h
aid with a broad
(The only excluslve union label .merchandlaen)
(Owned and managed by members or the wor):lnc cl
)
mile, " zat z Ru ian · have b en
nmu 'ng zem.selv again. '
..
9 Bo01rd of Trade C_ourt, CHICAGO, ILL&.
Although hot under the collar from . '-----------~~-.._......._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- . J
WANTED
Bee Machinery
SOCIBIISI Party of Amertca.
and
..
HONEY ·
EXTRACTOR ·
LlanQ del Rio· Co. ·
Socialists ·A -t tention!
1
MUTUAL UNJON TRADING COMPANY
•
�. T he W es ter
30
this remark, the German tried his
best to control himself.
" .Veil," be said, with a faint smile,
''dot vos nod dings. In der summer
most of us Chermans take der vacationR an enchoy demselves by der
mountains, or by der seashore, or-"
hesitating before slamniing shut the
dool.' nf hiR room, "or capturing der
Frf'nch ! " Slam!
·
ri
c·om r a d e
Pictures for Propaganda··
Shoot Capitalism
. _.: ·With a·
Aid to Our Kings
Ster~opticoli
(Continued from Page 15)
'' FarnirH·, P<c:stilcncc, '' he muttrr·ed again, this time almost ten"
dcrly, his eyes gleaming wistfully
like a lovpr 's. ":\ pretty pair~" he
murmtii'Pd softly, "and ·faithful."
On Earth the two dread sisters alrrady had h e~:,run their d'eaclly work.
\\' ormn and !Jahics shriveled like
thirsting flowers as Famine clutched
them in hPr hony fingers. In the
t.r·<·rw heR and field hospitals the
~hadow of' Pestilence crept.
_,\ wHI<ening from his re\'Crie the
war god c·alled to his tolll<eeper:
' "J'p]] mP," hr gruffly ordrred,
''when th!'rt' are thirty million. ''
Anyone can lecture with the aid 6£. pictures; they tell the
story, you point. out .the mor·al. Pictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They m'a ke .your work doubly effective.
We tell you how to get the greatest ·results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete infermation.
W. SCOTT. LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street.
Los Angeles, California
If you like
PEARSON~S
MAGAZINE
at all, yo'u will
like it BETTER
than any other
magazine
•
Send your name and address
on a postcard to PEARsoN'S
MAGAZINE, 425 Eut 24th
Street, New York City, for a
FREE SAMPLE COPY
~~~~~~~~~~
AK: JEE; then subscribe
throush uaHER"E'S A BARGAIN
You can gef both PEARSON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN COMRADE for one year by
sending $1.50 (the price of
Pearaon'a alone) to
The Western Comrade
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
Gen. Otis says editorially in TJ:i.e 'Times, of
EVERYMAN
(By Luke North)
"If law and order, respect for conventions and property right•
are to be maintained in this land and its civilization continued,
publications like Everyman must be suppressed . . "
·
.
And again Gen. Otis says:
"Its lamentably brilliant pages pervert art to the cunning
uses of social disturbers . . . "-and also, says the General, still
speaking of Everyman:
"It is· disturbing to mental stability."
Thank you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
f1·om the Los Angeles Times.-Luke.
EVERYMAN <Monthly>
Each Issue Has an Important Lecture or Essay by
Clarence Darrow
Year $1.50, Copy 25 Cents
516 American Bank Bldg., Los Angeles
�T h e W es t er n
c·o m r ad e
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
('
is the greatest
THIS
in America.
Llano, California
Co~munity
Enterprise ever launched
.
The colony was founded by Job Harrima~ and is situated
in the beautiful Antelope. Valley, Los Angeles County, California, a few hours' ride from Los Angeles. The community
is solving the. problem of disemployment and busi11ess failure,
and offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the
workers and their families.
·
Here is an example of co-operation in action. Llano del
Rio Colony is an enterprise unique in the history of commu nity groups.
Some of the aims of the colony are: To solve the problem
or unemployment by providing steady employment for the
workers; to assure safety and c·o mtort for the future and for
old age; to guarantee education for the children in the best
school under personal super visien, and to provide a. social
li fe amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
Some of these aims have been carried out during the
year since the colony began to work out the problems that
onfront pioneers. There a.re about 475 persons liv1ug a.t
he new town of Llano. There are now more than seventy
lll pils in the schools, and several hundreds are expected to be
>nrolled before a year shall have passed. Plans are under
·ay for a school building, which will cost several thousand
ol!ars. The bonds have been voted and sold and there is
oUt in g to delay the buildi!ig,
Schools will open at the fall term with classes ranging
rom the Montessori and kindergarten grades tl)rougb the
ntermedlate which Includes the first year In high school.
'his gives the pupils an opportunity to take advanced subeels, including languages in the colony schools.
The colony owns a. fine herd of about 100 head of Jersey
nd Holstein dairy cattle and is turning out a large amount
r dairy products.
There are about 175 hogs in the pens, and among them a
arge number of good brood 'sows. This departmeut will be
lven special attention and ranks high in importance.
The colony has about forty work horses, a large tractor,
11·o trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry deartment has 1000 egg-making birds, some of them blueibbon prize winners. About 2000 additional chicks were
dded recently. This department, as all others, is in the
barge of an expert and it will expand rapidly.
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry and the
anager of t!Ie department says the arrivals are in · startling
umbers.
There are about 11,000 grape cuttings in the ground and
housands of deciduous fruit and shade trees in the colony
ursery. Tflls department is being steadily extended.
The community owns several hundred colonies of bees
•h! cb are producing honey. This department will be in-·
reased to several thousands.
Among other industries the colony owns a steam laundry,
planing mill, a printing plant, a machine shop, a soil anlysis laboratory, and a number of other productive plants
re contemplated, among them a cannery, a. tannery, an lee
la.nt, a shoe factory, knitting and weaving plant, a motion
Picture company and factory.
The colonists are farming on a large scale with the use
r modern machinery, using scientific srstem and tried
methods.
No more commissions will be paid for the sale of· memberships or stock In the Llano del Rio Community. Every
installment member should be a worker to secure new
members. ·
·
·
.
.,_. .
:.
'
.·
About 120 acres ol garW!n has been planted this Y.e ar.
Social life ·in the · coloniY is .most delightful. Entertainments "and ilances are regUlatly. established functions.. Basebe,ll, baaltet~ba.ll. tepni.S. ·swtmmJng, ftshing, h1,mtlng and a.11 .
other sp·ort's and pastli:nes ·a.re poP.ular With .aU ~ges. ·
Several Q.undred acres are now In alfalfa, which is expected to rlln sb: cuttjngs of heavy hay this season. There
are two producing Orchards and about fifty-five acres of
young pear trees. · Severaf hunCired acres Will be planted in
pears ~nd apples next. year.
Six hundred and' fo~y ac~es have been set aside for a
site for a city. The building department ls making bricks
for the construction . Of hundreds of homes. The city. Will
be the only one · o( its 'kind in the. world. It wlll be built.
with the end ·oi being beautiful and utllltartan.
There are 1000 membershlps . ~n the colony and nearly 700
of them are subscrthed fer.. lt is believed t!Iat the remainder
wlll be taken within the next, f!lW month11.
The broadest . democta.cy ~revalfs in the management of
the colony. There Is .a directorate of nine, elected by the
stockholders, and a community commlsslon of nine, elected
by the General Assembly-all persons over 1.8 voting. Absolute equality pre,·alls In . every resP.ect. The ultimate population of this colony will be between 5000 and 6000 peraone.
The colony Is organized .as a corporation under th.El laws
of California. The capltallzatron .Is $2,000,000. One thousand
members are provided for. Each shareholder agrees to· subscribe for 2000 shares of stock. ·
· ·
Each pays cash ($750) for '780 shares.
Deferred pJLyments on the remaining 1250 shares are .made
by deducting one ·dollar per day (or more, if the member
wishes to pay more .rapldly) from the $4 wage of the colonist.
Out of the remaining $3 a day, the colonist gets the necessities and comforts of life.
The balance remaining to th'e .tndlvidual credit of the
colonist may be drawn In cash out of the net proceeds of ·
the enterprise.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn in cash.
Continuous employment is provided, and vacations arranged as may be deslrejl by the colonist.
Each member holds an equal number of shares of stock
as every other shareholder.
Each member
member.
recelv~s
the same wage ·as every other
In case 'anyone desires 'to leave · the colony his sharet
and accumulated fund may be sold at any time.
Are you tired of tlie competitive world.?
. Do you want to get into a position where every ho::r's
work wlll be for yourself and your famlly? Do you want
assurance of employment and proviRlons for the future? Ask
for the booklet entitled: "The Gateway to Freedom." Subscribe for The Western Comrade ($1.1)0 per year), and keep
posted on the progress of the colony.
Address LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY, 924 Higgins buildIng, Los Angeles, California.
�"That Which Ia not for the I nterest of the
whole awarm Ia not for the I nterest of a al ngle
bee.''-Marcua Aureflua.
Tired Of the Struggle?
-·
A
RE you a victim o~ the "back to the create these things under collective · ownland movement"? If so; on your ar- ership and.· de~QCl'&tic controL
Ar.e yo}l tired of a s~teen-hour. day and
rivai, didn't you find that you ~ust
sell at wholesale and buy at ·retail? ·Com- · i£~lation for yoW::self and fa.lnily? Join oUr
peUed to submit to the
Coloriy and get an eightother
fellow's
prices
hour day, and in oUr
in both cases? J 0 in
d
soci:aJ life you will find
the Llano Del Rio Corl
congenial friends whose
operative Colony, where
every desire . is for your
we buy ' at wholesale
success.
and will sell our surplus
Are you tired for the
to the outside world at
heartbreaking struggle to
retail, through our own
keep your children clothed
store.
and in school. Come to
Do you see your life savi.lano where we consider
ings being wiped out in
our children· our greatest
the purchase of necessities
asset and wh~re our edubecause you can not use
cators take the children
at two years and carry
your time productively?
Join our community where
tpem through from ··the
your job is your ow~ and
M~Iitessor.i (kindergartt!ll)
where you take your orto the high school.
ders from a boss you and
Are · you tired of specuyour comrades have selation, wherein the wealth
lected.
of th,e work~rs passes as
Are you tired of creatunearned increment into
ing by your labor orALBERT A . JAMEs
the coffers of those who
Chards, hOUSeS, factorieS
M a n ager Member ship Department
speculate in land and'
and machinery, only to see them owned and tools of production? J;in our Colony where
used by others to enslave those who do no real esta.t e is for sale arid no " business
useful work? Join our Colony and help opportunities " are available.
"Talent and. intelligence are gifts which should .ri ghtly be used in
the service of other11. The development of these by education is the
gift of the communi~y to the i nd ividual, and the exercise of greater
ability entitles none to the false rewards of greater possessions, but
only to the joy ef greater service to others."-From the Community
Constitution.
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
Membership Department
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, California
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-08
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-08
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n04_191508
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2018-07-23
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n04
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2a2a539b0f6db1125dbba5b2120b9452.pdf
974d1a1010ec81e0ee5fd3e3ab27b0aa
PDF Text
Text
Ten
cent-.
.
;.
..,
.
'
,
(
�.
..
ELK SKI
BOOTS.an~
SHOES
Factory operated in con~ection
.,Pith LLANo DEL
. .Rio CoLONY
Men 's 10-inch boots .$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men 's Elk shoes. . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 3.50
Infants ' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . . . ... . . . ... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 .. ...... . . .. . 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
811z to 11 .. .. .. .. . 2.25
Misses ' and Youths,
llllz to 2 ... .. . .. . 2.60
Place atocklng foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around aa per above 11luatratlol). Pass tape
around at linea w ithout drawing t ight. Give
alze usually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elksltin ·Shoes are lightert and
easiest. for solid comfort and will out~' three pairs
·
of ord10ary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high .boots for
- mountain, hunting, ran(!hing or desert wear.
Almost indest:tuctible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to insttuctions.
Out of tovm shoes made immediat~ on
re~ipt of order. Send P. 0. order and· state
whetlle'r we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
I
�Diflt-<t.'{ft'~
I
I
f
c0
NT E
T
s
1
.,...---___,....,..--!
,__,_!
Review of Eventa. By Frank Wolfe ......• ~- ..... Page 5
By Morgan Smith ...•.... : .. Page 9
T.he D.e eper Crime.
Death Masks (Poem). By Gertiude Cornwall
Hopkins .................................... Page 10
Probating Sally.
By Emanuel Julius ........... . Page 11
Aboliah Assassination. By Homer Constantine . . .. Page 11
A Discontented Dog:
By Oscar Ameringer .. . . ... Page 12·
Advice for Success Seekers.
Our Devil'& Delioht.
Poverty (poem) .
By G. E. Moray ..... Page 12
By G. E. Bolton ........ .. .. Page 13
by Alberta Leslie .... .. . ...... ,Page 14
Hope, 0 Brother! (poem).
By Marguerite Head .. P!ige 14
Co-operatives and Education . . . ....... .. . .. . .. ... Page 15
Bleaai ngs of Prayer ............ . . .. . .... ......... Page 19
1776-Revolutionists--1915.
By Edmund R.
Brumbaugh .. .... . .. ....... .. . ...... .... .... Page 20
Original Sin.
By John M. Work ... ..... . ..... . .. Page 20
~........
· Rent, Interest and Profit.
Garbage-Fed Babies.
J,
By Carl D. Thompson .. Page 21
By Frank H. Ware ......... Page 21
Point Out the Error. By Dr. A. J . Stevens ........ Page 22
Molding a Man.
'
By Gray Harriman .............. Page 23
CARTOONS
A Son of the Metropolis. Drawn for Western
Comrade by M. A. Kempf .. .. ...... ... .. Frontispiece
Rocking the Boat ... . .. . .. ....................... Page
7
W ilson to Wilhelm . ... ........ . ...... .. . .. . ..... Page
8
T.he Elixir of Hate .. .. . . ... . . .. .... . . . . .. .. . ... . Page 13
'
Next Execution . ... ........... . . . .. . .. .. . ....... Page 28
•
�A SON OF THE METROPOLIS
·•
�THE
ESTER
---------------------------P olitical Action
VOL. III
COMRADE
Devot ed to Ute Cauee of t he Workers
LOS
Co-oper ation
~GELES,
CAL., JULY. 1915
Direct Action-
NUMBER 3
)
The Picn ic. Wa iting fJ r the Barbecued Beef
'
-
REVIEW OF EVENTS
By F r a nk E. Wolf e
S
OCJ AJ,JZA'l'l ON of the sout·ces of production or
wholesale inrlustrial conscription, or both, faces
Labo1· in England. Fo1· the workers it means state
capitalism with men•ilcss and inexorable mastet·s.
i m·olunhll'Y senit ude in a newer"form confronts the
toiler. ut factory, mill and mine. The necessity of
SPI'vilP wod~:Prs in ammunition factories is so great
that Lnl1or disputes, with possible acts of reprisal,
l.!t this hour arc ·a menace to the life of England.
The Briti h cabinM realizes the imminent danger
and is determin<>d to OI·ganioze ttie human re ources
1
ou the sanw intC'nse hasi.s as Germany. · It will rettuire this or England will go down to dMeat at the
hand!'< of her Teutonic enemy.
· ·
Labor has been discontl'nt with long hours and
in.adC'qnat<> wages while ammunition manufacturews
and brokers were rolling np immense fortunes. This
has caused strikes. Additional strikes at this hour
would he fatal to the succ-ess of English arms-and
profits.
The gon?l'llment has taken u{J the case and dire
thing are threatened. Winston Churchill has put
�The Western Comrade
6
forth a proposition that meets with much favor. He
It is, after all, a matter of when, where and how
has advocated limited Socialism as a remedy for the to kill. May we rtOt call it the ethics of murder T
evils of competition and industrial strife. He said: •
* * *
"The whole nation must be socialized; the govAR l;l.a.<> raged in Europe nearly a year. ix
c•rnment must organize so that every one of every
million human lives have been destroyed.
rank and position, men and women, ~ll do their .
Deaths in trenchc , -on the fields and in battle at sea
fair share."
Socialization with industrial conscrjption would · haye bee-!! equaled · hy the victillls of plague, pe hring a strange, anomolous condition~state capital- tilence ·and famine. Never in history of humanity
has there been sQch hlood letting.
even of the
ism with a vengeance!
Englancl is hard pressed on all sides and from world 's greatest powers are in . death grips, and a
within. There is a strong realization among the ex- score of lesser nations are involved. Ju the grasp
ploiters that Germany is after the life-blood of the of capitelism other governmcntR will become .innation. Frantically they appeal to thos·e whom they volved should. the masters so decree. Hourly the
lravc brutally driven. They call upon every worker path of neutrality grows more difficult.
On one side
the strugcrle ar·e Great Britain,
to do his "allotted part" in the making of muniFrance,
Russia,
Servia,
Belgium, Italy, Japan and
tions of war and the production and handling of
food. Too late the capitalists are raising the cry Montenegro. Against them arc arrayed 'Germany,
Aust~:ia and Turkey.
that Western civilization is in danger.
Aside from death and deYastation of border
The cry falls on dull and unhearing ears of an
over-worked and under-fer proletariat. England, territory the net results of the war are almost nothwith Janel enough in grouse moors and deer parks to ing. There has been no serious invasion of contendfurnish an abundance of food, is dependent upon ing armies. Germany has everywhere successfully
defended her continental territory. AI ace and Lorimpor·tations.
No !':criou!': move. has hcen made in the centuries raine havl? at tirnr.s been O\'Crrun by Frenchmen, but
to free the land or· to gi \'(~ J,ahor the product of its the occupation is not important and there is no
serious danger to Germany from this direction.
toil. Now payday has come.
T~?utonic tenure of Belgiu~ does not mean perma+ + +
nency. The fighting on the western field is virtwtlly
ERMANY'S abhorrent and murderous disregard a deadlock A ~ain of one hu11dred yards is hailed
for the lives of women and children, and other :~s a great victory. •
uou-combatants, l1as been the subject of much war- ' .Japan has scor·ed a rnther hollow victory OYer
rnntccl criticism. 'l'he world has long looked with the Germans in Chinn. nnrl that aged and indurated
equanimity on the murder of n~combatants dur- empire (republic ~) ha~yirldP.d to vir·tually every
ing the barbarities of peace, but it has boiled with demand of the Eastern rlwarfs.
indignation at the concrete act of muraer by sinkRussia's invasion of Galicia has fizzled, and the
ing an unarmed defenseless passenger steamer at ~lory of her conqupst was transitory. The Czar's
sea.
moujiks are stampeded and it will be fortunate for
We I\ ill babies by pestilence in the slums and Russia if a stan~l can hr made on her border.
poisonous warrens of the poor, but we shrink from
lt is douhtful if the Kaiser 's army will be so illthe killing out under the open sky.
ai!viscd as to attempt a sPrious invasion of Russian
\Vithin a week after the Lusitania massacre, territory.
American exploiters of wo~en and child slaves
Ita ly has ronde a hold dash across the first ·few
maimed and starved more than were sent to death provinces 0f Austria. h11t is meeting with more stubwhen the liner plunged beneath the waves.
horn resistanl'c cwry day and the invasion will not
.
W
of
G
�-
)
The We$tern Comrade
7
<>eriously trouble the German-Austrian forces.
grow insistent in their clamor for an ending of the
The Allies have met terrific opposit.i on in the war. Quick, effective steps were .taken in suppressDardam•lles, and it must be poor consolation for the ing the Socialist publications when they bul.>uled
British, when a half dozen warships are sunk by.- over. •
Turkish forts , tn he told that the cost)s no greater
* * *
than had been cou nted.
NGLAND is rapidly approaching actual conscription. · · 'fhe enrollment act, together with
Grrmany's commerce has been driven from the .
seas and her outlying fi~hting ships destroyed. Yet individual disemployment ai;J.d public sentiment, is
she is in a powerful position with her splendid now tant11mount to enforced enlistment of all but
the upper ·and middle class. Short of ammunitio:t~,
dissension among military· leaders and far from
unanimity in government affairs, England shows"
signs of bring hard ·pressed. Harrassed by submarines, annoyed by Zeppelih raids, the stolid Briton is
stung but impotent, •
France ·haR almost every available man and boy
in the field. If the Germans succeed in driving back
and holding _the Russians, an immense army of seasoned victors may be swung from east to west and
hurled at the tired and worn Allies in the trenches
of France and Belgium.
Constantinople ·r emains under the green flag, and
the unbelievers storm at the Dardanelles forts in
vain. Wherever troops are 9fficered by the Germans,
the Allies pay dearly for every foot gained. The
Allies hope to open a channel to th'e Black Sea where
at Odessa and other ports are vast stores of food.
But the stubborn resistance of the Turks make it a
long hard journey.
E
+ +
+
or Democrat or Prohibitionist
T HEwhoRepublican
fired two futile shots-at J. P. MorgaD was a
ROCKING 'l'HB BOAT
Tut, Tut, Theodore
- Des Moin es Register a nd Leader
squad:ons at Heligoland, and her wonderful fleet of
submersib les. Germany is dr·awing heavily on her
rrsPrves of' men, but hr r wm· machine is ,so near p er- fPthon 1hPre is no hitch in her program. There is
:1 tr·ou hlesorne spot here ant! there where Socialists
very busy'person, if the daily press can be believedand it can 't. Among the othe~hings he did just
pervious to his grand splash was .to indulge in some
revolver target practice. According to the Hearst
journals he fired 200,000 rounds at a "scarred targ-et painted on a rear fence, and at stalwart trees in
the yard."
Thr cost of ammunition would p1obably run $2000.
With reloading and cleaning and other time out the
man eould not have fired over 100 shots an hour.
This would have rqeuirecl 2000 hours. At a 10-hour
day, continuous work, he would have bad to shoot
steadily 200 days, or nearly 7 months, without holi-
�l
The Western Comrade
8
day or Sunda.v. ()f (•OHrse this would not he likely to
attrac·t any att!'ntion.
:\o 11·ond l'r the ~·o uthful product of our modern
· ,., Jfq.!C's h!'li <'\'t• ~o thoroughly in effieieney when trie
pror•·sso1·s or slid! institutions sho~,. suth p e rseverarH·•· for dTi,·if'tll'.v.
+
+
+
IF
anyor11· th irrl\s tl1c .\Ialthusian theory has been
disposed or thr•.\' shou ldi;eea copy of
t h·· r.OI!dOtl Jlllhli<·at ion lwaJ:'ing that name. The
•·ditot· of that so lemu but amusin~ sheet bolos up
\\·ith th•· d<·•·l aration that th e high cost of li\·ing is
J>I'(Jof or tht· <·OJJ!<'IItinn t'hat the world IS overpopuht•·•l. To q11ntp from the editor : " Ju the first place,
as n111· n·:HI•·rs k110\\·, th•· Wt.ll' ld 's food supply in ordin;,r~· t inH·s is o11ly hl'tll't••·n t\ro-thu·ds and threel'olll'l !ts of t ite JH·•·ds or its inhabitants. He li te the
st;~n·at ion ot' lar!,('e 1111111hers a11d the folly of talking
aiH>ttt lt·g:d liYinu \Yage. "
ThP t·rlitor or Thp l'nldit·, with an eye ('\'et• to the
l;tlld qlt<·stion , q11i•·ld_v points nut th e fallat,v of thi;;;
dl'l'<·ttwll~·
th ei r h aving three-quarters house room, three-quart e rs clothing and three-quarters of the various comforts of life are due to th e fact tha there is any
sho1"tage in houses, c lothing or of the other products
of laho~. It is due solely to the fact that they lar.k
the power to pun·hase these things. If, however,
th e . w ealth produced by Labor be divided between
those who la bor and those wh o idle, it may r eadily be
seerrhow Labor; may be short, not only in food. but in
all other things made by Labor. The very land upon
which tht•se thrre-qlwrtPJ' fNl pPopJc· of London like
~IHild:
.. :\s to till· ~anit.v or th<· :\Jalthusian's proposition that pt•opl c h:l\·in g extcssi\'e l)' large families
wuul•l !ta\'l' hc·c· n IH•ttcr ott with a lesse r numbe r of
ehi ldl'l'll. nothing nc·cd he said at this point. But to
~ay th:1t onc·-thinl OJ' one-fourth of the _food-needs of
the hnman r:11·<' is unsuppli<·d in times of p eac e is to
sl'l forth a ~tate· r>f affnir·s that ha s no likeness outside
of Alic·c· in \\'onilerland.
"That one-third or one-fourth more food would
hr ttst·d if rv<'ry stoma<•h in the world were fill et! may
not hr a n ext r aYag-ant claim: hut to conclud e therefr·om that tlwsp 'ltomarhs arc not fil~ hel'ause the
food <·annot he nrised is a monst1·ous p erversion of
logit·. It is tii'Pd less to point to the Yast areas o[
f<'rtil•· land still unuseil. ani! to conesponding nrcas
that :II'(• only partially used; it shonli! be suffil'ient
tp show on the ORe had that nobody with means goes
hungry. <lll<1 on the other hand that food growers as
a rule <·omplain of lack of remun eration fo r th e ir
lahor. • • •
"Tilt• plight of tilt• tht·<•t•-quart<'r"l't•t1 familil's is 11ot
dnr to a "l~ortagor of food, any more than the fact of
'
Wilson to Wilh elm:
"The next time you do that,
mind, I shall be r ea lly angry." .
Thi~
Cflrt oon.
!-lh ( ,,,·j ·~ ~
tllf' pnpulnr Hrltil;h
undPr~tanding
<1f Presi dE-nt 'Yil son, w'tS c,• mrn •·nt Pd upon widPIY in Amfi'rl ca . when• it s bitter tont' w as cri ti cised.
- T..nn(lqn
n~lly
Express
pays a print<·ly r<· ,·enHe to thP ownc•J·s, who give in
r..turn not on<· sol ita ry penny. If this thought be
applit·d through ou t tht· wor·ld, aJI(1 if it be r ealized
that ,tht• lahor throughou1 th1· w orld is c·ontrihuting
a ht•aY.v toll to till' O\l' llt·rs o[ till' <'a rth , who rPndPr no
wr·yj,.,. in rc·turn . a stupH.Ldons fad will he apparent.· '
K<· ,·olutionist<; t lit• \\'Orld 0\'1'1' must unit<• and
dt•st roy •·n•pd nnd dog-ma.
\\'h<tt (jU fl lTl'i hil\'t' the So,·ialist Hllll th e ~ingle
Taxpr ·! 1~ it th;Jt tht• lattC' r st•t•s in the land the suprPnlt' sour<'P of lift· " \\\· a g r ee thnt the world
is und PrfPd h pf·ausp of th~ monopol y of all sources·
of life. ·would "'~' Socialists lose anything if we
joined in P\'rry pffort to frP c th e land ? \Yould we
not have the world to gain ?
�I
.
The Western Comrad e
The Deeper Crime
By MORGA
P-~'=
~!!!!!!!!'!~
!!!!!!!~ HEX the Xorth wind doesn't blow any
S 11TH
why in the name of all torture and abu do they lik
mor<o, and it ne,·er nows any more and it say Billy and the war-eloud.
,
.
people don't ha\·e to it in the bap1 and • lt is the XoYelty, and the appallin,. emotion of
D
hide their heads under their wings any ff.'ar and:awl'-things that nothing but tortur and abu
morr: When things are ettled by the l'OUhl ha,·e bouaht for them. It i a crime, grl.'ater tlum
Hague Tribunal, and the markets of the the erime of imikiua a fool of a man.
~ wtJrld art' on!anizcd, and e\·erybody ha
We IllllY grant that the foot- oldi r of t•iet~· can
title to all the land, and nobody ba
reli h a \\'ar, once they '1·e into it. It i more conwum•1•d to dl'rnonstrat1• his IHIJWriority: \Yhen we do not ieut ·to g:.rant it than to disregard all th pictures of
m11.intHin a st:mdinu arm,· or soak :111 our money in mohs ht•sicging eon ulates and f~tlling over each otht•r
armor-plat1· tar!!l'!'i. or· do•1·ott' ou r hr·ains to IE:•arning to l'nlist. And. sini•r tlwy htwe th' appetite for· "m',
th1~ g'OOsl'-<;t .. p- wh:rt will wr do for \\·ar! \Vhat will
WI' fpt•d th ~m \\Tar. The~· enjoy th ta t ah1l put up
WI' rlo lt11·n. poor· thin!!s'!
with t hl• suhseqnPnt adw ll' philo ophicnll ~· ns n
Vl• •'ll talu· trips to th1• mountains-e1·ery brick- ~·oun~sll·r· t>ndm·cs the gr·een apple <'ramps in the
layl'r's sor: of us- :1 nd \n•'JI t ran•l in foreign coun- stormwh . But 'th r t·e is 11 wisdom at hand thnt t•nn
trif!R, and wo• 'II s•••• tho• ti no•st plays, and hear th1~ finest ~atisf,v that e1·aving without the resnlts. Sane soeit>ty
musi1·: and m•'ll t:tko• aviating trips and under-sea 11·i ll <·a ll it C'onstruetiYe Emotionalism:
trips, alld \1'1' '11 lral'l' a l!''l)('l';tlrotation of environment.
l t is not th C' 'Var but the emotions of ·war t hat the
For th1•rp is -;oml'thin g tJn1lrrlying th e spirit of war foot-soldiers crave. It is n littl e novelty in th ir livesthat is not ino· lud t'd in hatt'. sport or· loyalty : and there :t lit tl1' ehan gP of S('ene, a glad wande1•ing from th
iH somt'thin g- to t ho· lr 1·.v ing of nrrni ..s that has nothing f.!rind and .s rrape an!l wo!'l'y. It is the novel emotion
in ••nrnmon with hoodll'inking. B,, surl' that whrn of Fnity. Evrn )''hil l' the astute r·eeruiting offi
i.
I'VI~r.V f•Ono·l'il·:iJIJI• I'X\'IISP, prl'fPXt, and l'illlSI' of war
Hooding the strrC'ts with martial music .a nd waving th ·
has h<·1·n ro •nJOI'I'd hy a sarw so<·il'ty, somo• ll'nrth.v wight fiH!! the hmrying r ec i'Uit holds most in mind the fact
is going' to :trisl' from his hrd , som1• morniug, and say, that hr and nil his neif!hhors nr·e at one in something.
"01'1' whi z~ I wish T f• OIIId ••ulist ~" H e will say it, ThP,v ltnvc all agt'l'l'd with him and they have patted
surP-, nnl1•!'s 11'1' pr·o1·i d .. a ps,v•·hologi•·a l substitute for Parh othrr on the hacks.
t:nlist in ~.
That "one touch of natnre" does not make tho
Do WP hnm:UJs rnf'flr our fPntht·rs all up and peep 11·hol r worlll ]{in hrcause it is Nature, nor yet because
plaintii'Piy wht•n a Pold. dark ll'n r-Piourl strPt(·hes lt- it tmwlws thr whole world. It is th e "one" part of
sp]f 0\'PI' onr· ol1l mor·tgnged a•·rt's nnd npon the old thr tmrPh thnt 1lOt'S the hnsiness. Tt is Unity. 'Vhen
farniliHr' \n)l'k-hl' llf·h '! No, we do not rufA p our littl e it, is raininu l'l't'n th~ rat can tPll the ldng that it's
f1•nthl'rs Hllfl P''"P plnintiHl_v. '"~' gird up our loins n a st~· · WhPII therr is war there is a common hatred,
and sni l out nl'to•r that ll'a r-l'lond with a glad- cry of whi(']J is rnity. Tt is n.o,t the hatred that is sublime.
recognition .
One day there will he the common peace of everyday
Why nrr th•• soldiPrs in th•' pil't nres always smiling lifr nnd that will satisfy th e cravings without t he
and wht'rP forP thP t·omplaint that a good pose of a r r·amps. ·
W P han learned th at a youngster's m·y for candy
prnsnnt fnmil.v dr·il'rn fr·om homr <'an 't he had owing
is r rally promptrd hy a craving for meat: Our marto thr omniprr!wnt grins!
1 ft.'s the
ovPity'-a thing that nothing hut ruin and t.v rrd militm·ists mnst not he swayed to war against
death ronld hnvt' brought for them. It's a crime tlwir own will hy the · people who rise from -their
drud!!rry to cry for a l'hange of scene. People must
grPntrr than th r !'rime of social strife.
"Why'
Do thry like it, tln•n Y" says the war- not hurry to the rPcruiting office because War is t he
cloud down drt'p in the midst of its oppression and only sl'mhlanee of Unity t hat their poor souls 'ba.ve
I'Xperiencl'd in a life-time. We have learned better
tyranny nnd error.
' Do tlte~· likP it. then Y • ay · Billy Sunday as be than that.
Whl'n thl' North wind never blows any more, people
lams hi. ten thou. and ml'n all over the auditorium and
\dll not e-o to War to see soul-stirring pyrotechnics and
lam them hack agRin.
And if thl'y do (and it doe eem a if they did ). awful deeds of hravl'ry: they will go to the mountaiDJJ
~
W
rt="JJ
m
�](I
The Western Comrade
and see great p eaks that pierce the clouds and a sky peopel, elbow to elbow, on the sidewalk, are all at one.
that is turquoise blue. Wlien people never hide their They have clapped each other on the bae ks. And every ·
heads under the wings any more, we will not make man rushes for the taste of sweet ambrosia. He grasps
foo ls of ourselves for the sake of the ~uty of Unity; feverishly for the pen, and signs.
And all for what! For War! What's War to him
we will have the beauty of social precision from the
or he to War!
dawn of life to its dusk.
Indeed it is the olrl lament of Hamlet over again.
It is the emotions of our lives that make grow that
part of us that grows independently of our body. That .,_\Ve have r eal aims for emotional ardor a-plenty, yet
part must he fed or buried.
we cann'ot summon a .sigh for them.
\\" a r· is th e emotional Crown of Thorns. 'I' here is
If that part of us that triumphs and carols and feeds
not a suhlirnr r·rnotion of th e human soul that it does in War is an immortal 'thing capable of surviving the
not g-ratify- and prostitute. Jt is the summit of wilrl ' body if· its strength permits, th en it is a thing that
(•t·siHs.v--thP :~r-r·umulatcd cravings of a lif~tim e. 'fhey ~·earns, for its o11·n cl ement. Jts own element, of whatIran hr•<> n grtl\l·ing a nd growing and unfed until they <·l·er else' it may p m·takc, is T... iberty. The more it is reh11 rst in t lrt· brut lrr·l of carnage, -and the foot-soldiers stricted and star\•ed the more it yearns, and that is the
di .. salt·d and t·onlt;rrt. At th e end of the long stan·a- r eason, perhaps, that \\. ar evokes a more spontaneous
1ion t l11·y art' gra tc·flll for orw dr·aught of the potion of response among the poor foot-soldiers of .society tlmn
so111's lifr - (·l·rn t!rou.gh it hr hemlock
among thr spu rious lords who lral'e seen the cascade.
\Yirat is a Broad man. anrl wh at is a ~an·ow man 7
Olr , it is a r·rirn c-gr·eater than th e crime of making
:1 fool of a man r
\VIrat is a fed man ani!"ll'lrnt i<; a stan·cd man!
'l'hc prisons of onr· souls can he made ouly of Time
Tlrt·.v go In \Yar with wild hallelujahs. E1·en my
l:rtl .1· of' spurin11s social title who has seen the p eaks and of Space. \Yh a'l soul would n ot lt•ap to a· h emlock
pirrr·ing lhP r·louds and th e turquoise blue sky, and the draught of \V.ar if it lrarl' bern kept in a three-foot space
r·hasr11 anrl tiJt• sra and thr easrade; who has tasted of at a workben ch for a lifetim e! \Yhat soul would not
ltrxrli'.V and 11·ho hHl witncssNl the random buds of leap for the offe1· of War whos~ sropc of thought had
man's rmotional pr·raturrs- shc goes. There she isnever been permittrd to ris<• beyond the proportion of
in a gn•at hustling hospit:~l where people whisper and a wrek's s:.i lary mid a week'<> expenses! \Vhat soul
hurry :~long sou!J(l]rss (·Orridors, and a huge motor darts would not go to \Var thnt had nrvrr h~en to a nickelup thr ro untry rond in the night nnd halts at the Pn- show!
The North win cl cloth hlo11·, hut it is blowing down
tranr·P- a lant rrn s11·inging from its doors. There is
>:ome olc1 idpns that had worms in tlrcm, firmly rootrd
hlltTy anrl sknrry :mrl hatrrl hr·Mth. There is Unity.
And, h:wk in thr tmn1 tire men arc marching down though they <;erm"d. Thr~· srnccl their turn but they
1lrr thr·ongrtl strPrt with tir e blare of the nand a nd the haw hnrig ::rround too long- after th ei r· us"fnlness was
t hrohhing of thP rlrnm . . They are cheered and noticed gonr. The trrnd of the prrhlir mind ·is for sreking out
for· tlr•• first limP in a lifdim e, and they square thPir the· roots of things. \Yt• will nnt fprrl oursrlves grren
shouldPr·s and nrw firP springs to th eir eyes. And the applr'>. lwc·anse wr hn\'r lranrr t1 h r tter than th:·: t.
'
Death- Masks
By <;ERTRUDE _COHNWALL HOPKIKS
Yon sa.v thlll lhP whit<• of his fare in the darkness
gkarnrd s1 rangrly,
As towlrNl hy a li r.ht
That is sPen of thr f'ae(•s of those who die greatly,
whose honor
GaYe all for the right:
And ;,ou bring IM. C his sword and his sash, and the
message of eomrad es,
A II that thry know
Of the last of th e hour!') that he spent on the earth.
Me, his motherYon comfort me so--
And I tell you you lie!
tell you the last that Ir e kn ew of th is earth was its
hatred and anger;
Blood blinded his eyes;
\\"hat gleamed white in th e clark was th e tightly
('lenclred teet h of his raging,
Cursing the skies,
For· his farr 11·as as hla r: kcncd, awry, as the soul they
tore from him-Hurled t o God 's fret,
A del'il, the horrihlp madness of murder upon himl\Ty son, who \\'as sweet!
�The WesteT
Co
~robating
Tade
11
Sail
By EMANUEL JULIUS
~Irs. Toili';kins,
Willi:tmll, better known as Kitty, and Iter
IIHiflwr, ' l r11. llary· H. William~~. of , 'anta Ana. were
'''jt'''' h•·r· in an t•fforl to .. fix thirws up." )lr . Tompkiul! WIIK 1!11: fir11t •• tixt•r''; the other two needed the
JJ HY.J.: W(JIIl{:n-Probation Officer
S~lli~·
' lixiujt.'' ''"J~~"I'Jall.'· K itty.
•• It '11 loo l;tt•·, I I ..II you, .. Kitty exclaimed, again
:111d a1.min. " It
work, l say ...
,,·,mt
" y,."
it will." 'lllid
.. I kuow it won't...
~ Irs.
Tompkins, firmly .
Kitt_v seenwd dctcnuim·d to
1111\'1' 111'1' Wily.
" TI11·r·••," ~ lr·"'- Williams <·rieJ . "l offer to take
li••l' hornt• IIJ!IIill :•nd s lw says 'uo. · Oh , God, who'd
:i lllfltl l(hl my Hnllit• would fall RO low.''
llr·,;. William~ . a woman of 50, htu·st into tears.
"!li ow, 111olh<·r·. plt•ast· don 't cry--"
11 \' o11 don 't lo vt• Ill<' or· you wouldn't make me sufl't•l' lilH• this- - "
" Y••s, I do. 111oth r. I 'd do anything for you-but
c·nn 't hP clo11r- it 's too late--"
·: It 's 111 '\'l'r too !at<· to m<'tlll ,'' was Mrs. Tompkins '
pl111 it utlt•. Sli(• Joohr1l at them as though she had
Jli \ ' I'll rxpr·1•ssiou to a hi ghly original thought.
"YeR, it is," said Kitty ; "some things get so broken
you 1'1111 't fix 'c•m- yon havr to throw 'em away. And
I ' til ntl!' of' t hrm . I ('an 't he fixed.''
'' ll r r•p yon hnv<' a mothrr who is willing to take
.' ' Oil honw 1111(1 g ivr you a chance to start · again," said
till' prnhntion omc•Pt', l\indly, hut wearily, as if it was
:111 nlcl ~ tor·y to h r .
" 1'II hP 111 i~ <' I'O hi , " Kitty said. A frown funowed
tlli ~
the gir) · till pretty painted and mad~up fact'.
' ·I know what'll happen,. ,
e added. "E,·erybody ·u· look on me a a leper. The neighbors will
point to me a a had example. I tell you I won't b
able to stand it. ~
" Yon will ' said the probation oft1eer.
' ·I wont. If motlier \tould t.ay here I d take cat-e
of lu~r and giYe her a place to tay iu--'
"Hm~ T" Mrs: Officer Tompkin a. k d.
"You know. .Five year of my kind of life ha
made me different. t can't change now
peeially
hy going to my home town. There 's nothing for m
there.''
"Very well," l\frs. Tompl_<in frowned r ady · to
play her trump ca-rd; ''if your mind is made up you
l'an have the r eformatory sentenc~ the judge gave you.
Go home or to the ·w,hittier institution."
"How 'll I live down Santa Ana1"
"Work."
"At what 9"
I don't know. Wash clothes-anything-to make
a living. Jail. or home~which will you take Y"
Kitty deeidcd to go to Santa Ana.
Ten minutes after they were gone, Kitty's mother
mshcd back into Probation Officer 'l'ompkins' office.
"\Ye got to a corner," she panted, "when she
grahhed me m·ound the neck and kissed me.. Then she
ntn off--"
l\frs. Tompkins said: "D-n it all! "-which was
a rare; thing for Mrs. Probation Offi.ccr TompkinR to
sa~'-ont Jonq.
Abolish Assassination
By HO IER c.Q NSTANT JNE
HA Bl I> Bt>puhlit·nH has made n dastaJ•dly attempt
to ns~n. ~inntl' 1111 hot~or·ed and t·espected citizen.
'I' IIi~ is t hl' tim!' to t•nll n hnlt on th dnnaerous doctt·inc
di~->SPIIltll:ttl•d hy th e 1 !'. on who fanatically follow
tllis impot·fl•tl ide:t or t·epublicnnism. Every Repuhlit•n n hdil'\'t' ill Yiolem•e. EY ry ot·gan edited by these
mntl tlnJr;' of , o<'iet, nd,·o(•:t1t> viol nee nnd expounds
11H• fnllm•ious tht>ories thnt illevitablv lt>nd to ueh
lllls[wnknhh• :th•twitif'. 11: tltt' 111taek ou .J. P. )forgan
h~· n RI'[HthliNm fanntic.
It i. time for thl' pl'opl to organize the ' Pfain
Cithtl'lt. ' t'omhine' • o earn tly nd.Yocated by the Lo.
, .\ 11~·h•s 'J'in11•.'. to tht• t•ml that tht• follower of thi
.
.
ahhonent cult shall quietly and without a ripple on
thr surfaec he rrmoved from human ken. No longer
shall wr tolerate! these blatant soapboxers in our midst.
Law and ordrr must be maintained (outside the
combine ) .
The police must stand as our bulwark. A citizens'
policr mu t be established in I.Jos Angeles and these
. hould he rpcruitrd a. arc some of OUr grand juries,
from a li. t of namrs suggested hy the secretary of the
)ferchanl! and )fanufacturers' Association.
Thi. auxiliary policr should contain none but those
. worn to pifftirate thl' e dangerous characters ( R~
puhliran ) whrnl'\'er and wherenr found. Thc)t can
�The Western Comrade
12
immediately be armed with the sawed-off shotguns, our
government already has so wisely provided.
Back of the police stands fitm and .fast the county
constabulary, the militia with its machine guns, the
mighty enginery of our army and our Geat navy.
Good c:itizens shou ld boycott all the newspapers that
dally wi t h th e th eo ries of these wild dreamers . a'n d
'topians. •
Down with the advocates of a system that would
break up the home, abolish religion, destroy the incenti,·e to worl>:, and disrupt representative form of
government.
(Note : In case it develops that Holt was a DemO- ·
crat the r eader will please strike out the word " Repub..
lican " and in ert in lieu thereof the worn ' Democ rat. ")
•
A Disc-ontented .D:og
. By 0 S C A R A l\1 EJU 1\ G E R
D
f) ye11 (''"'"'' s•··· a dug without fleas:! If you did
you saw <1 ll<ll'l'.'', dll·t·r·l'u_l dog: <\- dog that li <:s
in th .. shadt· of tht· old app le tr·(·e, d r'(•anung of pork
,.J,op,.;. j:ll·l; r aJd,its arlll d ob' ti!! hts.
:\oil'. il' .""" l!il'(' t I lis o•fJIIt<'lltt'tl. dog- a h:nri.JI'ul or
tlo·;rs, hi~ do!!· IIHtlll'" 11·ill t·h a rq.r;. iln nwd iatl'ly. Jn-;tt"a d
ol' tlro·arnill!! :dJIIIlt ,; 11i1·~· pork •·h ops. 01' ho11· l11• IYOtdd
lio·l; tiJ;tt ill·indlo • pup ;((·ross tht· pike, or 11·hat Ju: wonld
do to tlH· iliJili lq~s ol' that rabbit running- through tll\'
tii Hi o· rhru siJ. l10· si ts 1:p :11 t1l not i1·es things.
!'ointing <1 l'Oi d. nlf·l;~nl · h oly nost· towar·d heaH'II. lrt'
- ~tr1·t•·ltt·s hi s ll<'l'k :11~ d st arts thnt 1wniliar llJl·<lllll-dmnJ
s troko· o·IJ:II':tdo·rist io· to ;ill flea-hittt•Jr tlO!!S. I-lf' has
l'ourul :1 jol> no11·: ht• I ta~ found usPful emp loy nwnt: he
1Ji!S SOIII!' t it ill!! to St•J':Itl·lJ for.
:\oil' s upposl' tli r flo·:! woul<l sit up on tlrf> nose of
l
that dog and say: ' ·Lo Hnd lrehold nw, the benefactor.
1 hal'e gin·n work to t hic; poor pup. \\'ithont me, this
do\.!:~ie
would han· JIO joh. \\"'ith out me he would have
ineentin: to s<·r·uteh.'' \\" ou.ldn't it be funny if the
lit·:l would m:d\t' su<·h ::u al'!!llment ? Aml suflpose the
do!! " ·ould YotP for .the lira on the strength of it,
ll·ou ldll't thnt. ht• still l'll!ln~'r?
Yet this is ~·xa..tly 'irb l'lt the worl\ill!! people have
dorlt' for nu tJr~·. 111111 1:" years. · Th e.'· h:11·,. Yoterl into
uffit·<· th ost• \\' liO~<· polit·it·s Hfflil't them with para'sites.
A11d t lH·y do su hl·c·ausr .somro11 e has told lhem that unJ,.o.;s '"l' h:11l t!Jr (·a pitalist dass w e· llll wonld miserr.hly
JH'rish .
.
:-;Mi:ilists in<;ist that soC'iet ~· do cs not nred the cll pit;tlio.;t t·l<tss :111 ~· nwr·t· than a dog needs fleas. Let the
11:1ti nn hr· t ir l' enpitalist.
110
Advice · For Success Seekers
11 y G.
E.
I
:'II l'HOV E your min,]- it 'sa \'C I'~' small pnrt of ~· 0111'
lwi11 !!. hut one that ma],es a lot o f troubl e unl ess
~·t •n attt·rHI to its upke<•p.
Firs t li11d o ut if you really haY e a mind: Ol' \\'lr ct h t•t'
you h!ll'l' mi sta kPn ordin<try instind for mental equip·
ll1 ('ll1.
.......
lf you tliseo,.,.,. that you possrss a mind. inn·sti·
ga t r to fi11d il' it h<Jo.; ht1com e fooli shly flatt cn c•d or dirty
with the dust of <lollars.
Not that it mattcl'S mu eh. for fat-foolishness and
doll a r.<lust ir #css a r e not i!nta gonistic t o sm·eess. You
ea n wiu wo•<Jlth with e itll f' l', and winnin g w ealth is t he
worthiest work in l ife.
Bnt, llf'I'E' r t h elcss. a wcll-informerl mind fO'I· display
purposrs is mighty useful.
It will cause y ou to gain the r espect of high-b r ows,
a peculiar <'lass of people who haYe improYe d their
minds until th e i1· mt>ntal processes have h ecom e pecu lia rly inYoh·ed. As your adherents and assoc iat es you
\I 0 H :\ Y
11·iJJ tin!! tli <·llr l'l'ry useful and inune ma·ly amusing;
tli .. y 11·ill gr<·atl~' relil'l'e the tedium of your toil while
you an· amassing millions.
•
AhYa_vs re~1d good books- lrooks th at hn ild and
b ooks that better you. lf you ca n~ select th e right
on <'s yours('lf. buy on !~· th ose that .ar e r·eeommrnded
h.'· th e dl'c-t; and read them, eith er pcrso n a ll~' . or via
your see ret 111·~·.
The r e Hre a fe " · secretaries who a r c a lso interprl't<'l'S, and t an snec·essfully t ranslate English into the
lang ua ge of th e b usin ess world . Hire o n e~
~hun Sh ak<•spea r e. unt il your · mind h as em erged
fr-om th e drHsr d a rkn ess that sunounds wa1· r eports,
sporting n ews. a nd the political pages of th e d aily deliriums that srll on the n e ws stands for a cent a copy.
L eaYe ad,·ice for the loveless alone; and forget t he
fre nzies that affl ict the writers of h eadlines; otherwise yon will lo5:e you r iuva luable mind befor e you
hl'!Y e improved it.
�The Western Comrade
11
Our Devil's Delight
By . G. E. BOLTON
A
T the Panama-Pacific Exposition there ar.e many ter thrust than the keen one at the 'p erfection of the
exhibits that display the marvelous ingenuity of killing instruments.
man in the development of machinery, but probably
The exposition teems with this ba~barism. Even
nothing shown there can compare with the wonderful_ the Ecij1eational buikding is disgraced by:· a Japanese
instruments for the destruction of human life. The exhibit where 'vax figures of soldiers are posed in the
fr l~era l government makes this proud display.
Nothing seems to have been left undone to d emonstrate to the youth of the land what a noble and
la udable thing is _murder when done collectively and
under legally prescribed methods. True there is an
o·xhiLit of the coast guard appliances for saving life,
i• ut it is at best an inferior display. 'l'he life-saving
IIIH('hiuery is crndP and ob\·iously inadequate. The
display is only enlivened by gr'Otesque prints hq.ng on
the wnll depicting some heroic acts of murder perfm·;tll' d h!' r eYl'l11l C cutters in times of war.. There is
one· P"un for throwing a projectile with a life-line attathL·cl , bnt it is archaic and illy constructed. It is
III(•J't·]~· an exa.mp] e of the weak and inefficient mechanism of peace.
In looking at this poor showing as against the wondt·rously perfect rapid-firers I could not help thinking
how Bel zebu b must enjoy a stroll through this departm.:nt.
Bcl'l1nnl Shaw put this over most vividly in l\'fan
:1n•l ~ np cnnau, where he has the De\·il say: "In the
:~ l'ts of life man invents nothiflg ; but in the arts of
d\·ath he outdoes nature herself, and produces by chemist I·~· nnd m::tchiner:v all of th n slaughter of plague,
JW'>ti lence and famine . . In the arts of peace man is a
hu ngler. I have sr.en his cotton factories and the like,'
"'it h th e m:1chinery that a greedy dog could have inq ·ntrd if it had wanted money instead .of food. I
k no\\· his clumsy typewriters and bungling locomotives
~~ n_cl t edious bicycles: they are toys com'Par~ to the ·
:\Jnxim gun, the submadne torpedo boat. Th ere is
nothin g in man 's industrial machinery but his gre.ed
::nd sloth: his heart is in his weapons.. This marvelous
fo 1·ce of life of which you boast is a force of death:
:\fnn measures his strength by his destructiveness.
What is ltis r eligion? · An excuse for hating me. What
is law? An exeuse for hanging you 1 \V'hat is morl'!lit.v? Gentility! an excuse for consuming without producing. What is his art 1 An excuse for gioating over
pirtn r e's of slm:Jghtier. What are his politics? Either
the worship of a despot because a despot can kill, or
parliamentary cockfighting."
·
This soliloquy rambles pn and covers the foibles and
i!lio yncra cies of mankind. but JlOne of its stabs is bet-
TilE ELlXIR
OF
HATE
K a iser : "'Fair Is foul and fOUl. is fair;
Hover through the fog and filthy air.'"
-From Punch
act of loading a rapid-flr·e cannon- presumably aJmed
at soine inferio t· race; malay, mongol- or caucasian.
An Ameriean i<> cr edited wi.t h the invention of a
poisonous gas for nse_in w.ar fat·~. Evet·y Christian nation is experimenting with or .using his new, scientific .
method of destroying _life. Nothing in the war dis•
plays at -the Fair gave a hint of this new discovery
;md we ar e not p ermitted to know how far our civilized government has progressed in this direction. We
have every hope, ho wever, that we shall not lag be- ·
hind in our efforts tow11rd benevolent asphyxiation
when our time comt>s.
�,
..
The Western Comrade
r
Pov erty
By ALBERTA LE LIE
address thee,
I 'D fain
Could I i'vords discover
The rich f They hiver in their-furs, the sleek, the
dainty fed.
Charged with new terror,
. If near them thou but cast thy hadow grim,
To voice man's hate and fear!
,_
They start and ...tremble in their . ilken
beds,
'
But all, all have been sung or written over and over,
When ~r aming, they think thou hast. overtaken
And impotent, hurled at thee ·full many a year! .
·them.
.
J,ong hath man 'neath thy foul rags bjlen smother d, ·.·The poor'Y
as! .Men steal and .women falter
H e hath acquaintanced thee too long, too well,
And turn ft·on~ ·virtue's path to e cape from thee.
'J'her and. the whelps thou . hast lathered, ha t Ho\v often briDge t them to the cell; the halter Y
mothered,
\\hen fro~ thy gpt p the poor fools e.e k to flee.Hast spawned on earth, didst beget in Hell.
. Tli.o1,1 tille t even tiie chi~dren's silvery laughter,
These, thy j?.ckals, wait to rC'nd him, limb from limb,
Thou · chau;at them to vast, to swift machines;
Vice, ignorance,' dise"asc, thy very own,
They may · not. play, for .swift thou comest often:
Thou hast no need of these to vanquish him,
They' lq~ow. alas what thy grim presence me~tns: ·
Thou wert enough! Thou wert enough alone!
Oh! Piteous shadow~, thru the gt·ey dawn stealing,
Too often must he gaze into thy eold· cavernous eye,
To take their. places in shop or mill .or field.
Unwelcome dost thou sit with him at many a Heavy . w~th sleep'. they stumble forth p.nwilling,
scanty meal,
To thee their playtime, nay, their very lives to
With thy bony clutch around his heart perchance
yield.·
he yet must die.
His sorrowful soul for ages hath withered beneath Under thy lash they toil, nor · play, nor rest.
Thy fangs are r eady do they lag but once.
thy heel.
Thou wolfish thing.! Who !'tealest from the ·mother 's
Small wonders that man hath thee, oh! though withbreast
out a heart.
The helpless hungry babe's sole sustenance:
To torture him thou camest from unknown depths
Men cry against thee, 'they weep, thou hast no ·pity;
of mire.
They strive, they curse, they praY:-all; all in vain.
Oh, monstrous, vile hermaphrodite, who art
Still, vulture-like, thou hoverest the city,
Of untold e ils, both the dam and sire.
Still pestilent, thou showest the plain.
Pule with a prison pallor, is thy hideous face,
Thy garments reek with all the sins of eld.
While for deliverance .men crying
F'air cities peJ:'ish and whole nations. fall.
Like some foul vampire, thou shadowest the race,
Man shrinks heneath the bitter scourge in th.Y lean All haste lJefore titef' to ruins ultimate.
And thou, unclean thin~ still brood est over alL
fin gers held!
-
..
·Hope, 0 . Brother !
By MARGUERITE HEAD
I
0 Brother, though time be long,
H OPE,
And tm·moil and strife enshroud the eat·th:
For out of the chaos and 'woe and wrong,
Ji'rcC'dOJI1, 0 Rr·other, shall co~e to birth.
\\Tor I<, 0 Rrot_her, fo r w_ork shall yield
A boon to the coming race of men ;
.'\ nd the sceptres the tyrant rulers wield
·shall never oppre s the world again.
ight, 0 Brother, is not so dat·k
Bnt the comfor-ting light shines forth at morn;
And a paean of. joy, like the song of the lark,
Shall ri. (' to weleotne the day, newrborn.
Clasp, 0 BrothC'r , your toil-worn hands;
Union of hearts is a thing divine,
And Brotherhood's service, uniting all lands,
Is tl1e noblC'st work in ' the wor~d 's design.
�-
.,
The We .s tern Comrade
Sandbox on Ditch Irrigat:ng Alfalfa and ·orchards
Co~operatives
\ Sl
l X pupils wc·rc graduated from the Llano
s
~.
Gr·ammar s~:hoql at the end of the te·rm.
Th ey were Dona Spencer, Corrine Leslie, Blanche Bannon, Helen Kaufman,
\\' arrcn Miller and Clarence Ced11rstrom.
.
To :Miss Helen Tyler, principal of the
school, is due the credit of bringing this
class through. There were about seventyfive pupils enrolled in the school before the end of the
te rm. Miss 'l'yler and the school trustees say th ~re
' will be about l 15 pupils enrolled at the falHerm. This
does not include a :tVrontessori school of about fifty
pupils, which will be under the management of Prudence Stokes Brown, who _is takmg a special course
under the distinguished educator·. This department
will bfgin with children at the age of 2% years and
carry them through until they are 6 years old.
Plnns Rre being made for a new school house to
he built with the money secured from._ the bonds rerently voted by~ the districts.
Graduation exercises were held in the assembly"
r·oom at the Clubhouse. There were several hundred
person present to enjoy an excellent program given
r ntirely by the chilaren of the school. Several
sk etches and a class play were given and the mem•
and Education
hers of the community ·were surprised by the. dramatic ability and versatility dis'played by the youthful
actors and declaimers. . There were several musical
numbers and a Rcotch dance by the charming little
Misses Richardson and Scott made a hit with all
J}resent.
The hall was prettily decorated and the stage was
banked with flowers. Yellow and blue-the class
colors~predominated in t he flower and streamers.
Diplomas were presented to the graduates by Frank
E. ·wolfe, who hriefly outline'q-the history of t he community schools. The 11udiencc responded with great
<'nthusiasm when· the speaker mentioned the obligation of the community to the children and the vision
of the educational features of the future.
The trustees of the Llano. school district are John
Leslie, Frank Harper · and . Mrs. David Cedarstrom.
Greater interest is taken in the educational department each month. It is hoped that with the fall term
th<'re will be classes in sculpture, painting in oils, ·
dancing, as well as the beginning of a system of vocational training.
No celebration or gathering at the colony has
equalled that of the Fourth of July picnic held on the
colony newly acquired land, known-as the TighJman
�r6
Conimtlnity
Life
.·
.
at Ll~no del Rio
R~~inning
Work on New Swimmin g Plunge
-
'
M•aJMn-g Olay IB!ricks. N·ate 'il"iug iMJillll'' ::md :S0me Oom,pleitad Houses
•
�esteT
Co .Tad
Industrial and
Soci.al .A ctivity
Pi cni c
Hours' Work on Plunge- Dam and Gate . Completed a nd Big Excavation MJtd e
)
A Bricklaying Crew at Work
�-,
18
The Western Comrade
ranch. H~re several hundred members of the community gathered beneath the broad trees beside the
flowing waters wh'ere they enjoyed -a day of perfect
rest and relaxation. The ~urieio brothers had
for reports and statements of progress. Managers
make known their needs of men and teams or make
releases so that there is never any idle teams or
workers.
Chief Architect L. A. Cooke ha undertaken the
work of statistician for the colony. He has prepared
some interesting charts. Among them a diagram showing the growth of population of Llano and a chart
.of the temperature since the beginning of records.
Leo. :H. Dawson, who has charge of the nursery
dep'artment, reports splendid growth of the Yines and
yo:ung .trees.' -in his department. Among other plants
' that are maldng good progress are 2500 hlackberrie
!.)nd an equal nnmh!'r"of str·awherries that were donated
by Oomrad'e Hnll from Chino. EleYen thousand ~rape
vines will be bearing fruit next year. One hundrcd
choice strawberrv
.
.. vines sent in lw
. Comrade Post of
Los Gatos are doing wrll. There are 100 Burbank
.
F'l rst graduation class of the Llano schools. Left
to right: Miss Helen Tyler, principal; Corrine Leslie,
Clarence Cederstrom , Helen Kauffman, Blanche Bannon, Warren Miller and Dona Spencer.
c-harge of th(• hnrhccue and the heef they brought up
from the hcd of hot rocks was cooked to a deliciou<;
turn.
There were no speeches ot· other ceremonies save
impromptu gnmes on the part of the children. One or
two groups of c-hPss fans sought secluded spots beside
th e strPam and sat silent over the ivory pieces.
A splendid spi ri t of c-omrad eship was shown among
t hP mcmbcr·s of the community. "Old timG.rs" greeted
each other· and (•ornpared this Fourth with that of a
year ago, wh en the colonists were few in number but
~trmrg iu hopt>fuln r~s. Thrre wrrc man~· exprcssicns
of gratifiration OYPr the gr·cat growth made by the
('Olon~'·
ThPrr wcrc many visitors during the two
day~, hut thr gr·patrr portion of these came from th e
nrighborhood .
nur·ning lime in the new kilns is making stcady
progress under thc management of R.. E. Stevens. Th e
grade of the pr·oduct is excellent and au almost incxhaustiblr suppl~· is nt hand.
An invaluable department has been established at
tl1c community office, where F. H. Chamberlain ha~
charge of the informntion bureau. Here wants of
mrmhers of th e community are made ]mown and sug,gestions for welfa re are freely offe~ed.
The nigntly meP.ting of managers has proven mcst
impo1·tnnt and has beP.n conducive .t o a much smoother
running machinr. There is a better understanding
betwe<>n departm<>nts and there is more team work
because of this understanding. This is a clearing house
Misses Scott and Richardson In Scotch Dance at
Graduation Exercises
�T h e W e sf eT
Himalaya blaekbt>rnes a:.11dl an eqn:al .mJ!mher of Lneretia dewbnl"ie$, aU llla\king rapid! growth_
e.
th&tuand C&ne&Td grlpes: fre l.Ttah how vigorous;
growth. TI!eu are HJ
turd!- blaek loellSt irem
l:tah. The~e are to be med ior ornamental trees, and
~ f'or- fenee posts. The bios om of these tree provide
exeellt"llt ne<:tar for the bees.
One thou.'!and California black walnnt tree , donated hy Comrade .AI Geyer, show remarkable gr
:-leYen ar·rf·g have been planted in Russian snnflowers.
Thl' ('(Jmmissary rlepartment ha.S been remo,-ed t o
lar·gl'r qw•rt!'rs in the rear of the clu b building.
Thoma'! II . .Joiln!'!, who ha shad charge of t hi divi ·ion,
is heing a'!!! is ted hy .\ lien ) [i ller, who recently arrived
at the colony.
Ther e ha vc hel'n small but steady a dditions to the
live Htoek and p ou lt ry depa rtments. The arrival of
t Pn Rwiss milch goats st arted the rumor that a Swiss
c-hPrsr far. tory woultl he· started, provided the war
l'mhargo would p ermit t he importation of the holes.
Th e d ental offi ce and house for Dr. Horneff have
hcPn r ompl et ed and this neeedd department will soonhe in operation.
.
Plans are unoer way to construct two large silos
to store ensilage for next winter. These probably will
hP eonstructed of cobble and concrete. They will be
twrnty feet in diameter.
A numbc rof th e hoys who are now out of school
have taken up work in the garden and other departmrnts whrre there is light, congenial employment.
Among thr lat et· planting at the colony has been
lt
]20 ae:
of - G maiz:~. 1 ae-res of ~t
of beet 11 aeres, a.f e&l!'ro an
po~t
..
. Colony Children at Picnic July 4
been put up by the chef and by the families of the
community. ·
Four -hundred new folding chairs, two billiard
tables, a piano and a lot of h avy mission furniture is
a part of the nrw poo;sessions of the olony Club.
Visitors from all parts of America have registered
at the cluh during thr past month. Sev ral Eastern
StatPs ar e t·cpt·esented by t he ucw memb rs. Oal·
ifomia and Coast State comrades far outnumber
all othet·s.
Blessings of Prayer
W
l 'I'TI the soldiet·s on the fields, in forts and fleets
of the stl·uggling powers are many priests,
JH'Pal'IH· t·~ in froek nnd g-armh of chaplain. These are
thr offirial pru.ver akt>t'S of the warring nations. In
addition to the hie ings in artieleo mru;tis and praying
fot· their holy dead thr:v are praying to all the gods
thPy know 11sking for some unholy dead.
'l'hc Briti. h ask God (Jehovah ) to send success to
their arm ( death to Germans and Turks ). The GerIJHHIS invoke Gott ( the amr .Jehovah ) to punish (dest~oy ) England. The Frr nch end up supplication to
Dieu (also J ehovah ) to send victorie t o their troops.
The Rnbhi of the Ru sian prays to Adanoi and the
.•Jews in otlwr armie implore the same god to aid. them.
Tn ~ ouUicrn Europe Asiat ics of many nations are
1w~·i ng to l\11 th('ir God. to puni l! the Chri tian dogs.
'flwn- the Syrian ·. l'nd . up prayer to Adad : the
Arnhhm to Alia : the P~;>rsiau to . yra; tbe Ta rtar ian
to IdJ,ra: Ute Egypti:m to Aumn or Zent.
In the British and French armies the natives of a
score of lands are praying to Buddha, Mohammed,
Doga, R.ogt, Eh er , Chu~, Oese, Dios, Lian, Zeus, on· ·
fu cius, Esgi, ot· Zcnl. The JapnncRe aro Shintos,
Buddhists or worshipp e rs~£ Zain.
These fighters, be they Jtalians, 'l'urks, 'l'eutoDll,
Austrians, Serbs, French, English, Ghurkas or Irish
have had great fa.ith in their gods, hut their gods have
permitted t hem to he starved, choked with pois,onou.s
gasses, eYice:-atcd, slain. F'ive millions of men have
been destorycd a nd as ll}any women and children arc
marked for death or w~rse.
Priest and pagan alike will tell you his particular
god is tt>e be t, most powerful and kind, of all ;tho
brands offer ed. Now and then they speak of the wrath
of God. but mostly of his gentlene sand mercy. .A!Jy.
wa~· God i. haYifl1! a lllU1!h time of it if he
makin g a
. (•riou. :tt1Pmpt to adjust :tiTaiN• .and the e nd iR not
yct.-.\. M.
m
�The Wester .n Comrade
1776-Revolutionists-1915
r'
By EDMUND R. BRUMBAUGH
O
NE hundred and thirty-nine years ago ~ group of and their papers and pulpits, so the revolutienists of
men met and signed a declaration of principles. today are opposed. As they were victorious, so the
It was a defiant declaration. It slapped the face of revolutionists of today will be victorious. Let us hope,
smug conscrYatism. It enunciated doctrines regarded howe~rer; that the revolutionists of today will be able
as ·rankest political heresy by every reactionary, non- to a~compli h th 't· aims through a process of p eaceprogressive spirit of the time. One passage from the ful edu<;atio):i, of conscious, rapid evolution. Let us
d eclaration deserves particular attention, for it is as l10pe that the . nc.~· · social order. wil not have to be
sound in logic, as right . in principle, as a~licable to baptize-d in 'the biood of the ·aut!10rs of its existence. It
pres<'nt and future, as when it was first penned. "We will not if the rrvulutionists have their way, if the
hold these truths to be self-evident,"- the passage enlighte~ent _ of the p eop.le be not postponed too long.
r<'frds, "that all men are created equal,.i:hat ·they are
But ·the new soc:.ia I, ordet· must be, though Yiolence
c·ndo\l't•d hy their Creator · with certain inalienable and blood heel attend it coming. L abor will not subril!hts, that among these are life, liberty and the pm·- mit t o · subjection forewr. 'The soul f man, though
sn it of' happin<'ss. Tha.t to <>ecurc these ends govern- (·h ai~lNl nnd east- (]own, will hreal< its chains and rise
m .. nts nn· institutc:d among men, dcriYing their just to hPi~hts that now ><eem to some of us a most hopeless ·
po\\'f'I'S !'rom th e consent of the goYcrnccJ. That wh en<•\'1'1' :1rr,v form of government he<·omcs d cstrncti \·c of
This· i8 the mo'nth 9f the n11tion's b irth. Shall we
tlwsf' <·r rds it is th<' r ight of th r peopl<' to alter or abolish hr pat.riotif•1 YPs! Bnt our patriotism must not h e
ir. a nd to institute r: e\\' gon•rnm r nt, laying its ·.founda- JIHI't'OW. It must not · he degraded in defense and incitet ion on ~ll<·lr principles and organ izing its powrrs in mPnt of nni fonne<l . glorifi ed, military mnrder. The
stt<·lt for·tn ;ts to them shall seem most likel.v to effect t1'11<'1'. br onder patriotism fin·ds expression in the hapth<·ir· saf'<·t~· and happiness."
pirwss nnd prosperity of the people. It is not confined
Th e Potuse of thr Colonis ts from this deelm·ation to h on n<l a 1·~· lihrs. R t>g;H·d for <'Yery r ace, love for
to 1hf' Sllr'l'Pndrr· of Comwallis at Yorktown was dc- t'\'f' 1·~· knd. eonsidl·J'Htion for tl1 c people of eYery
t<•rmincd largrly hy eronomic int erests·, as the .course (·]imr-n ll this is rinhodircl in it.
of rn<'n is <lrt r rminrd in eYery age, but th ey fought for
~n r h i;; th <' pniriotism of the true Sociali t. the
prin<·iplr 11<'\'Crtheless, and .th<'y gaY<' most lihrrnlly I'<'Yolntionist of tocla~-- and h e is striving to make it
of lifp nnd treasnrc for its arlvancement . . -'\ s th e r eYO- uni rr· t·sal. The wot·k is ·n ot easy, hnt h e will succeed,
Iutionists of 1776 stmgglrd for politica l tihrrty. so the and tlw dt>srf'nd:mts of those who drnonlice and deride
rrvoluti onists of 191 5 nr<' struggling fo r iJI(lnstrinl lib- him now \\·ill pla(·,o f!O\\'eJ·s on his graYe and pay triberty. As tlwy were 'opposed by th e rich and powerful 1ttPs to his m rmory .
..
Original ,Sin
_ B y )01-II'\
I
T WAR a warm morning. I had h<'en pulli~t g th e
oars vigorously. I had strippt>d as mueh as ri,·ilized
humanity- with its funny mental ct·otchet to the effect
that the human body is disgraceful- will permit. Yet
. I waft still overwarm. Casting about for shade, I spied
a tiny i~c;;land with trres overhanging the water . I hr nt
to the oar·s and quickly pulled up under the grateful
refreshing boughs.
..,
' As l sn t entioying the coolness I hecame conscious
of a noisy ehattering in the branches above me. Looking up I found that I had attracted the angry attention
of a score of mother blackbirds. Evidently their nests
and little ones were hard by. I was an intruder. I
might mean hnrm to their dear ki?dies. So they made
~1.
•
\\'OR K
a furious assault upon me with their tongues. More
than thnt. Thry tJ·iNl to summon enough cournge to
nssanlt ml' with tlreir h r aks and wings and claws.
One of tlwm, t\\'O dozrn feet or so directly aboYe my
he11d. with ehws in battle -array, let h erself d escend
r apid!:' right towm·d me. ·Maybe it was only a ):>lu~ .
to tr:· to frighten me away. Or, maybe she really intencl~d t o attack me. If so, her courage failed when she
was within a fe\\ inehrs of my hand-protected face, and
she flew a\\·ay nphraiding me fi ercely in her own language.
If th ey had only known it. I would not have hat·med
their wee ones for J he wor1d . On the contrary, if I
could hav"e donP anvthing to h elp to bring them up in
�e
th~
wq 1Uk b ac-UJir<
n with de igl~ -
MJ'
B , Jio , they~
• dgre me- by 6thn'
a.
lfll{] f~emothen flcad been deapojled and m:diirdE~
m~Jtreated by t he f~batrs of t1le
nee. 'l'hey
hafl foond many l'ff the pl"esent genera "on of IIumaBs to
he tJwir enemi{-r+. J."Ol' the 5im o{ my kind, and for my
Rent, Interest-and Profit
By CARL D.
O('L\LI~Tl'i
hl·lif•\'1' that what one earns he hould
hn n ·. TtH·y a)!(() hdiHc that what one doe not
r~rrrr lw "ltuuld not h:n-1·. Yl't millions upon million
111' doll111·" 111'1' tal<1·n hy t hr· r·ich and lf·isured era-. es
(or• w hi,·!J tlw~· n•ud•·r no r-t•tur·n whaten•r, and render
111, •01·nit·t· to 1111,\'lliH'.
Tht·Ht· millions tht· Sociali t
t•I!JI lllwlll'lll'd int•OJOI'!I.
. \11 llllf'l lf' ll''" ill<''''"'' ma~· arist• from an~· one of
t II l't•t• d lfl'•·r·,.ri! soli ,.,.,.s- intt•rf•st, pr·ofit or rent. All
tlrr·•·•· Ill'" l " '''f•·•·tly l••f!;Jl a11d ar·t· thPrt·forl· ent ir·ely
.irrMIili•·d !.,\' 11r•· pt·P~t·r•t 1ror·ld. But tlwy ar1• imearned;
,,,.,.,.,.,
,,.,,.~!'! .
So,.inJi,.,ts \\'ould uholis lr ;ill unrarttcd inc·omes. l"n,J,.,. So•·i11lisrn t'\' f'I',VOIII' \\'1111111 f!C•t all that he C'arned.
:\11 Oil< ' \\'nllld g1• 1 \\'hal hi' <litl JlOt ('Hl'll.
!11 '"'"''''In dn thi~. Ro,·i;ilisJn proposl's that .a ll pubJi,. utiliti•·" 111111 JJnlul'lil l'I'Sfllll'f· rs shall lw takl'n OYer
TH~~ · PSON
and publicly otrned and op ratt'd. by the city, t t t»'
nation. For 'it i clear. now thnt it i b~- IDQM of tll
private owner hlp and opet·ation of' the p11blie Htilitit'S
that the unearned income arc eeured. 'J'h ref l't', it
is clear that the public· own rship t\ud tl1e p1:oper op· ,
l't·atiou of tlle e 11tilitir ·· lllil? he mndc to climinnt
the e unearned im•ome ·..
If landlot;d . and . liPC\"tllntors should find Olllt
(•ntirely new chem<> of' g-eqing rl'nt, iut r st nnd
profit. Sorialism would thrn sh'il' nt th .llt'W
scheme, whatever i_t might ·he, uutil it was dof nted.
~oc:ialism has this one 'enu in viPw, viz., to stop e~·
ploitation and plumlC't'. \Yhnt 1.'\' t' mC'an nr ltl;l<' S·
s<~n· to that end, Roeialism will u sC'.
Tl1e objC'C't of Roei1ilism i>: to 1•nt ont nncl\t'U d in.
comes. R ent, inter est and pr·ofit nrc th1· .o forms
nnParned incomes. ThPsr Rot•in1ism will abolish.
or
Garbage-Fed Babies
By FRANK H . WA R E
I .:\ (
thil·ty ehildt•t•ll, l'<lllgiug in yPHr.· f1·om
to twdn•. s<'nnti ly elnd, enuH·iatL·u and stan·.
illll , fottiJtl th ,•it• \\' ll,V to thl'ir d.ail.'· J'l.'tHlezvons on South
\\'~tlt • r· St l't•t>t :\lal'l,<'t whPt'l' gal'l11q,n• l'fiJJS wet'(' piled
hi ~eh wi 1h dt•t·ll~·in!l' ft·u it nud n•gl'ta hie'. . To..,!!•eir
noo;tr·il'l thl' 8llll'll must hnn•· heC'n nau eating. but to
tIt Pit· l'lnpt~· ht•llit"l, ns th<'y t•lawed the cont ent. of the
I'll liS w ith I"U~('I' hnnd. , the food w as welcome. Then
t h1• polit'l" swoopl'tl down ou thl' l' ehildren as they
.t\'1\'l'd in tht~ noi. oml' fl , aud took -them into custody.
lt \\'11. lhl" 111·, t olfidnl art of tlte nl"w health comml;. hnwr, ~111d h1' \\•ns going to prow to the city that
"f'tlll'il'lll'~·' ' WRs to bl' hi motto from tbe tart. In a
H1•\'t'I'\'Ud.fiHl~~"undG,.Y manner of •·eJeaninwthe-dtyfrom.-hi"Uhoh'-to-~nN't' thi nt''" ('{)rom: ioner de' Jti,•H![tl,
SPI' l'n
rl~r<>d 111.' Wfts
going to e:mse a •'healthy" re>olution.
lie ram1' v.-r~' ne~r . u~eding a Kemiedy and
R~rl~te7~ ... dnli
aid rnten in t11e city eouneil.. dewmn<lE'd Utat tlt\' ~hild~n lJe fed by the city. With
a fe w pointe•l wor·cls ti1Py tl!·cw the attention of the
··it:v administration to a better· plan or draliug with
stal'ving wom~n and rhildren. 'J'Itey showed the blind
onPs that lunchC's furnished frPe in t he schoolf! were
ni-ore nout·ishing than tire gat·hag4ravengcd in the
·trrC'ts and market placC's.
Of rourse one should not cxpl'ct a "s:me" capit.oJiHt
arlministration to lParn m~h from this as tbos in
the seats of thr mighty are n~t. even in the MonroB-. ori l!radrs of political l'conomy.
The daily garhagt' feast has long hP-Pn a Hhoeking
public disgrare. Rodriguez and Kenn~dy have once
more proven the advanta~e of politieal action that put.
rebels witb .a pur.Ph into · positions where they e1111
make the mo t of their opportunity. - aturally tbmoe is
no fin~Jity in supplying free 1unehes, e ·en to <litar ing
<'hildren, but it lt a ~ood opportunity for e«eetive
propa~.nda. and t 2te<:e eomraif£>J> fW'!>W to Wl\'e UJW t~
mo of it.
�T he Wes t ern C o ·m ra de
.P oint ·O ut the Error
f'
B y DR. A. ]. ST E VENS
P~"!"'!'!!'""'!~""'!!'!'!""'!~!!""'!!!'!'ll UJ1L ·u more tban twenty~six year of
not in reality. The ~;tudy of the X -ray phenome na, the
affiliation with and propaganda work for mathematical relation of color and mu ical tone , and
1 the Socialist movement, there ha been the integration and di integratjon of mat ter \\ill help ·
formulating in my consciou ·ne. a fji'o- u. ~o compcehend thi, correlation e:d ting betw<'en th<'
g rarn to he ust~d hy . :my and all who two copditit>n - the here and th e hereafter.
sitH;t·r .. Jy desire to hetter their own con·cience \ " xact knowlt'dgc of the facts of natur·,,
ditions a nd indir ectly the condition . of cia. s ified anrl y tt'mati:zed ; and youth i, the estahli hctl
- .
all mankind . · A pla n or . p rogram fo1· relation whi('h the fact of na tu re u tain to each
h uiiWJJ H('tion, . that dot•s not include pr i!lciples wh ich, othe r avd t o I!J.an.'
can not get out ide of natm·t•.
wiJ('fl appli<'d , wi ll J,,.ut•lit a ll physicaUy,;menta lly a nd :Every t hing ·we think or do fall within uatm<'. And
spiritually , is not t:o rnplc c a Hd not ·c omprehensive in t he degr ee t hat we cicntifically adjust ourselns to
('II OII I{h to wa r'l'a n t a t1·ial hy t he t wentieth century na ture a nd n a tu re' laws, i n that degr ee we free ourJH'Opl r•.
selves f r·om !'itarvation , overwork, fear of want, fea t• of
I hop•· yoH w ill uot eonsidcr me an eg otist or " hefl, " etc.
"sllta l't-a l•·r·k " in ntakiu g th e f ollowing statementsNo ·dou bt b_u t \ha t we all wond et·: why so much
for· if' yo 11 do, you will he classing such. men as Alired physical suffering exists in the midst of plentyY Why
Hu s~H· II Wall:ll' e, S it· Oliv<T Lodge, Sir Wm. 'rhompson,
so much mentaL anguish and spiritual d oubt are experiTltos. A. Edison, Ca r·] :\Tan.:, Abraham Lincoln,-"T. K. "
enced by thr majm·ity of p eople in t h e midst of so
•·I a l. , a lso as mur·h- for· Tam repeating somewhat from many philosophies, r eligions a nd pa naceas for happithr•s<' illustrious men : rn •·n who have spent many y ears ness 1 And our wonde r incr eases-until our Program
of •wiPntifi <• rt•sear<·h af'tPr thP tr·uth , concernin g a of Life shall b e con_struct ed along lines which include
l!i ~-t hl Lift' 's Pr·o~r·am.
both phases of life, viz., the physical and spiritual.
Most rwopl•·. now-a -days, IH'lii'\'C in t he evolutionary 'vVhen we lea ve out e ither the physical or spiritua l we
lht•or·y of lifl' , as advanr·cd hy Darwin and Wallace. have but half a trut h or. program, and we all know that
Walla!'<', al't.t·r mon· than fot'ty y ears of research, con- we can't do this in mathematics, music. or a ny of the
fir·n~t• d thPir rnali'rial evolutionary theory of life, but
scien ces and expect accurate r·e sults.
Wl'nt Darwin on e hr ttrr, viz·., he, A. R. \Vallace, added
Life is either destructive or constructive, t emporal
to t hPir· ntntPrial (•volution a spiritual evolution.
or permanent ; a nd as life has been proven to be conDarwin . ays, Pvolntion is confined to' the mater·ial tinuous and scientific it th erefo re follows that a proouly ; Wallnre, T,odg-c, \Vm. 'l'hompson, Edison and "T. - gram to be consistPnt must includ e a ll phases of life.
J<. " say that cvolut ion includes not only the physical
Our Socialist prog-ram is like Darwin 's evolutionJ ill also th e '>piritnnl or psychical.
it is good as far as it goejj. It considers but a part of
Ahr·altam T.inr oln hr licvrd in a spiritual r ealm and life- lhc ·, hysical. To be sure it (the Socialists ' protrennonsly advocated thr hcttcr·ment of material con- gram ) is par ex rrll en ce compared 'Wiith our aged com. 1'JZP. d ma ter·Hrl
. prograr11
""-.
<';it.ions h<· r·e on rnl'th to faPilitate man's ~1, spiritual mer('Ja
We arE' seein g thP fruition o f this latter prog ra m in
-11d psychit'al drvl'loi>mrnt, which are n ecessary to
,•volntiomrr~· fr·ppflom lwre and her eafter .
th r war of Europr . Th er(l property and material thin~s
As 11 sort of 11 JJPrve tonic to the ultra materialist, are more highly prized than human life. It is th e same
lt>t Ill<' say hPrP that the exi t cn ce of a future state or hr r r in thP Fnitr d ~hrt cs, except we a r e not u sing t he
t·orHiitiou
l'or mn-n has nlreadv
been scientifically dem- " up-to-date" and mod e rn m ethods of killing. W e Ar e
1
•
onst.r·ntPd or proven by and through the material- using the slow, cr-afty and cunning p r ocesses of killing,
"!'i<'ll\'1' nrPI hods of ill\'Pstig"ation. as w ell as by psychical Yiz .. stan·ing , overwork, fear -of-wan t, fear-of-h ell, etc.
md.hods.
· Na ture g ives u'l· ahnndant opportunities for investi'
· My pro~:mnn or· plan ther Pfore includes
principles ga tion, a ppropriation a nd assimilation. The Socialisti;
and niiPs of li ft' t o hP a pplied here and now, but at the haw investigate(! the m ateria l eondition s and h ave ar ·
"lllllP tinw pr·it ~c' i p l P>: a nd rules which .will-when lived ri,·ed at a !!en rral agrermen t. hut ar e clivided as to the
r ig htly- fit us for tlw next r ealm. The two seeming app ropriat ion method .
T his rlivi'lion fPnds t o n eutralize or destroy onr
•l ill't>t'Pnt n•alm« or· 1>f11tes of existen ce differ only in
dl'\!1' <'1' of fint•m•ss, vihrat !on, eonsciousn es , et c., a n d
pow!'r. a nd wh a t!'Y!'r dPst roys onr po·w!'r is unwise. Tf
~.
·we
�·-·
T
~
Western Comrade
t his be true in the political neld, it is true in the economic and every other phase ·of human activity. Our
1·xperience has taught us that eo-operat)ml is a law of
uatnre. The atoms co-operate to form the molecule
;md the molecules unite to form the cell and the cells
join to form the organism, whether mineral, vegetable,
:mimal or man. If any part of lUi organism-a wagon,
:1 watc~, a flower, or man~fails to ·perform its function
then the efficicney l)f the whole is curtailed.
)fan is a physical, spiritual and psychi~~ organism.
I r his material leg or eye is destroyed, we at once decide
that the whole organism is affected. We also sa.y if a
n•:.n has "wheels in· his head ... or is not of sound mind,
hi' iR clcfieirnt in his usl'fulni'SS. Tf he gets drunk, an!! l':V, or is not t1;uthful and is immo,·al, we at once cla s
l1im as not the hest.
Sc·ienrc hns demonst-r:ited that lief is continuous and
thnt we tal'<' with us on feavi~g this realm certain
things nernmulated while in this physical body-in a
word , chrtr·ac-t<'J'. whcthrr good or had. \Ve 's ay a bad
,-harartrr is not <lrsirahle l1ere, and neither is it "over
t hc·•·e. '' :VT nte1·iul things we leave behind. 'rhey .are
J
OII:\1 aml Hnymond were brothers. 'rhey lived on a
homc·stl' acl, in the middl e west, ri·ght on the very
t•dg-C' of a gJ'I'at rolling prairie.
.
.John was the first horn and the~·ef'ore the favorite.
It was .John who had the mittens with the double lining-. It w a~ John who .sat upon the ho1·sehair upholstl'rPu conch, that was reserved_for guests only. It was
.Jo hn that ('Ou ld harn ess up the old gray and go to the
husking- her. lt was John this and John that.
At last the mothe1· of these boys decided that .John
must he giYen an education. John went to college . •
•roim went to )he mountai.ns during his vacati'Oh. For
the re it was, that he would meet educated people, p~o
ple that cou ld help his career. Thus it was that John
li\· d oft.
As fo 1· Raymond, he got up and made the fire in the
old drum! tovc, fed the stock and went down the old
ie.v path to the spring. Raymond was told that he did
not need an ed ucation one in the family was enough.
Hi mother and father had never had an education.
Jollll fini hed ll-1 education and married a society
~irl in the ea. t. He bad a good po ition as a corporation attorney but he needed his alary to live as an
nttorney nould in hi posi,tion, and just could not spare
:my to hi. folh.
The mother w11s tired of life's grim struggle and at
1111' age of Rix:ty uccumbed. Raym~nd was DOW left
·23
only useful during our short stay on earth, but are
very neees a.ry while here. ' e cannot lluild character
which we take with u., without the material things at
the same time.
Now our program must include character building
as the goal and material things for u e while her , in
order to conform to nature's intent or laws. Without
t'bara cte~ w.e are. non •ompo mentis, but with good
character we are good lovers, brother , ist r , parents
and -citizen . . · Good ~haracter e tabli hes unity, co-·
(!peration and power. Tea h from th Progr ive
Life how· to acquire o-ood ch.a racter. · The Land Colony
is pu. lung aJ1 ad. Every mOd rn appliituee within
reach for lio-lltening'the "load ' of life i being utilized
by the e Socialists. They 'are pro ceding with d t rmination that mean. . uc s' .'
I note "with hcartf _lt gratitude, in th hi t est r~
Comrade,· that th ·children will b ini'tiat d under the
Montessori· method · f e(J.u'cation and that e ry opportunity is being "'iven them for recr ation and education.
Our program thl'n mu t includ th.e spi~itual w 1fa,·e as well as th e phyis &-1.
·
with the mortgaged farin upqn his shoulders. John bad
of l11te forgotten to w~ite. The farm was run down, so
Raymond left and went into the bigger world.
Some years after Raymoiid 'was one of myriad cogs
in a great indu_strial machine and lived in one of those
boxes, which is . one of an endless row. ·His wife was
sick; sick with the great white plague; his son was a
weak boy, his health undermined by the insanitary ~on
ditions of the coal mines. Raymond worked twelve
hours earli' day in the daJ11.p coal mines. He dared not
stop, or the rent ~nd do tor bill~ould come due and
the company did not tolerat~ laxp ess in the ·paying of
debts.
John, what had become of him 1 He was elected
governor of the state in which Raymond worked.
John's f1·iends hnd pulled political wires and elected
him. He owed much to them. His wife had satisfi d
her social ambitions. · Yes· it is true the owners of the.
coal mines had compelled their employes to vote for·
John ns governor, ·but ·that was politics.
The conditions in the coal mines were · terrible.
There were none of the new safety appliances, ior they
dl:'traeted fr:om the dividends, and large dividends.
meant gener11l business prosperity.
The miners struck. The mine owners went to John
and said; "Our employes are damaging our business;
we supported you• for governor, now send us troops
.·
�The We ter
:24
Comrade
'00 protect ~u.r bu in
41; d pro
'Th troo
w<ere enlt. A ri
ltled 'OwUJg Ito 'tJI: - wlb:it
C:
•
Th e C
on.scrtpt
I
1
By !MARY E . . GAIRBVTT
T
HE Con~ript goes with . uUen D'lien .ttd do
To face the cannon' mouth.
He may return again to ho1ne and wife,
On<·<~ mor~ tah up his humble life-Or he mHy fall a ,·ictim in 1he str!fe.
ey
flp lras uo foe that urg<'s to the fi!J~t;
li e is not .. alh•d S?lll<' l'fl!<·l wron""- to right.
!It> got>s IH·<·f•lls<· lw 's eaught within the net
()f' f;I)Jnl! str•oug, 1'/'Ut'l pOWt•t' that ta]a•s away hi wiiJ
To fH·t a fr·•''''llHIJ '!! part.
'f'IJ,. Cous<·f·ipt f<'<•ls no san1g1~ lust for· blood;
:-.lo militar·y ·~ lory lin•s his ;.oul:
But r·atht· r· in his humble hrtast is found
A 'lpirit f'ri<•rHily to all lrunt<lll hind.
()f' I'I'I'I':V l'llt'l' and <·lime.
Awl .v1·t th" ~ror·d !!OI'S f'orth he must obey,
Aud rn ar·,·h into the thidwst of t he fray
To do till' \'o• r·:v things his s<orrl revolts against.
II' liP t'lllild ouly llPI'VC - him~t·ll'. a man of str·ength,
To voic·P tl11• slurn.fH• r· ing- insti1wt of his h eart;
lTn would rt•si>;t this ll!!:<'· IOio g tyninny of crowns
That f'ol'l·l'~ him to do this t·ntcl wrong
To hi s own soul.
ll pon fht• lmttl<'fit•lu in tr·t•IH·Ires gr·im
BP~ide
his hrot h('l'S slain-
Amitl tlrl• -; hril'ks aud gro<r!i.' of dying m•m
At last his ,;oul is stitT('cl-lris mind awakes:
Tlis IH•Hrt l•lll'll!i with R flam e tl~eannot die.
He hreaks tlw age-long chains that hind him fat;
ln eom·Rg!' str·ong he stnnds at lRst.
1fe I'll II aloud ,\· i~h shotits of joy
eros the lim•s to those in tr·enches there--
'
oo lfa ti n A w :a10 ·
lly
Mi l' illl th m ee. R
nd
bad h. d n0 <edueation, therefore bt
moral c-od
ernde, 'but thi \ ,
too mu h. B 'Strllek th ald\et' in
~turn, be tru k 'harder than be in~
t.-nd-ed, and ~i led l1im. ~ ffi()ild
'va e()urt-martialed and deported' to
:a military pri n und r a "'lift>'' enfence; which m-eant d-eath.
· John had a on, who' as educated
much the am-e a hi fatl1er. The on
wa now in the real
tate -hu iu-es
~md owned a traet of land in Florida,
\v'hich wa:s ah olutely worthle s.
Ne\'erthele . , h old man$' lots and
c•leared Otn(>thing like
0,000. It
· w11, not hi fault that hi victims had
not investigated.
Late one night a thin, weak and
. houlder-lwnt creature succPeded in
breaking into the parlor of John's·
'. -son s hous<'. 'l'he on of John heard
the noi e a11d, grasping hi revolver,
ct·ept in upon th intruder and cap·
tnr·ed him. 'l'he police were sUm·
mont>d and the thief quickly taken
away. The law condemned him,
Thus ht> berame a criminal. 'I'he law •
-did not ask why his mother died in
tlr.P I ittle unfurni bed o.ne-roorn com·
ra ny house ? It did not ask why _his
fat. hc•r· had been given "life" im·
pr·isomnent 1 It did not ask about the
arlvantages which · both father and
~o:on - had never been able to gain. lt
wt-ighecl only the fact that he had
hrrn caught with the goods.
1'h(' son of .John was elected a
.inrl~t"P and accredit d by all a good
. f'l'llow. 'rhc law did not ask where
lw mr~ his wealth or whether his
fath<'r was an honest man. It cared
not, he 'was a business success. Yet
some sHy environment molds not the
man.
But Why Crow?
The .wife of a Sacramento Social}. t has been married
"A1·e we not fr·iE'nd ' and romr·ade , oh ye men f
H avE' wr n gr·irnmre thnt WE' wound and layf
I send ll<'t'O'l to you, my bro'ther
f.ov~s wRy
to . l'ttle every wrong.
'o more like- (•attle dumb will we obeyl.ike freemen . trona we wifl ari e
Aml, joining hand .. build u · a world
Radiant w'th joy-with fret>dom, and! good wiD!"
three times,
Her maiden name was Partridg , her
first husband was named Robfu~t, her
<~econd • parrow, the pre ent Quale.
There are now two yotJng robin , one
sparrow and three quale in the lam·
ily.
One
grandfather was a Swan
and another a Jay, b11t be'!f dead
now and a bird o'f' Paradise, They
live
Haw~ aven e, Ea Jeville,
f'anary Island, and tl:te fellow whE)
wrote this is a Lyre and a: relati-ve
on
of thre
family.
�The
e t er
Co
ra e
ate
By jack Wolf
HE sky ill leaden. tbe air odes
m,
.\II natnr.- brood11 in a thr at to kill
'f'hf• lion roarJJ in tbe for
de p
But I, in my houHC JJe<.'Ure, •hall h>ep.
I
Till' lrtorm paHIWd weakly, the sky i
blue,
.
•
Tit(• Hhip i'l Haf1• and thP hunt<.'rs
too,l'.ut ttw mau in hiK houHc upon the
Read the Cilrrect Interpretation of "Gn<lerlying .Motiv in the
· lost Remarkable and Valuable Book pf the Year
roc·k,
111114 diKIIPJWarc•cl in an earthquake
Khoek!
The · Mexic·an People-Their Struggle for Freedom
How to Tell a Democrat
Hy W. W. Pannell
M':clnvfriPncl,
111(• Soc·ialist, was one
lf•arling n rather diminutiYe'
.fo ·t'Mo•v ;.em• olown thP main strer·t of
!riM lit1lo· holllf' town, h~· means of a
-BY:L. Gutierrez d¥J.a.ra -~d E~cump Pinchon
r----:o~-=-~~---. .j
Eugene
r·oJH' tic·cl to a ring in tlw animal's
Jlfi Hf' , w lw n lw Wlls o•lHlllPngrd hy a
.
.
. ....
v: Debs' says :
... 't
'
"• • • It is written fro~ the point
of view of the working cla.s , the. tillers of
the soil, the ·produaers 'o£ the wealth, and
shows that throug4 all these centuries of toil
and tears and · blood and martyrdom they
have been strugglir!g for the one purp'ose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocra.cy, buttressed on the .
one hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by ~.he military power."
,·ouJr t:r l> .. rncwr·at of the• pia('{', as
'rol lowfol:
·'.."•hr;v. l ' no·lo•, 11tnt 's 11 Soc·ialist t·ow,
isn '1 if ?"
" ~o.'' J'('pli!'d mv fr·irncl with
o•mpl!Hsis. " This i~ a Democrat
1' 0\\', ' '
" flow do you· mnlw thnt out,
t ' uo·IP?"
"II ow I" c>xplod!'d our friend.
" Y1111 olum my, rnn 't you SI'C that I
11111 l('riCling it hy the noseY"
...... ...
Georgia
Want d-Two Million Votes
Kot~o:r.p
·.
.
says :
:' • • • · It -strips the glamor of
benevolent motives from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and,presents the starl: truth that
American and 1VOrld capitalism has been,
and is, in league against the pl'Q}etariat of
Mexico -for its own sordid interest. And
while the M:exiean master class is depicted
as the most depra~ed and bloodthirsty in
history, the SoeiaHst will see ~bat the tory
of the Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in varying circuinstanccs the
tory of the proletariat in every country.''
...
~
...
Published by "OUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
e will
end you this book and The Western Comrade for one
year for $2.00
"
�..
The· W e·s tern Co mrad ~!
2fi
Be
atural and Yo1,1 Will Be
Dainned ·
By
tuart Taber
L
p R-R-rrr-e-eet! Tn WEET-T-T!
Wbc-e-eet! tn WHOO-oooooooo t
Wild-shrill-loud-soft
And purple-shadow smoo't.h;
Trills or foYe, good ongs of food Twitters at cloudlets;
'
Bold warbles to breezes,
~:f;~d jay-lwreams at NOTHING.
NOT CARING A DAM: r!
;: Shoot Capitalism
With a
,.
;·stereopti~on
Ro hurhles unhampered,
1\ll heal.thy with freedom-
.··
grratic as wind, ·
The wonderful 1
CIPan-bodied
.:
BIRD!
No purity tie nus ,to in-fect him
No lifr-sca ring legends of Christ ;
No laws SIWC the dictums of NATURE,
No fools to hray at his antics!
He~ eotnes and goes at his leisure,
No mflstrr in his, save Desire!
llis pranks lPai! him not to a madhouse;
Without shame he may love in th e
sunlight;
Jlis food h e may choose from AT1L
food,
And no joint-swPlling lnhor is hi~.
liP is fr·1•r I l~r·ee ! FREE!.
As fr·<·<· as t li P c·lean white cloud!
And 11111 I not as great as a hird ?
Must l crippl e my body with toil
'l'hat som e fat fool and his greasy'
woman .
May swathe their filth in si lks ?
Must T.mutc my good clean songs of
flesh,
·
ArHl steal my love in the glooms of
night?
Must the yellow teeth of the PACK _
Grind the will .that NATURE g-ave
to ME ?
Watch th e Bird!
WA'l'CH ·ME!
1
Anyone can :lecture -w ith the aid of pictures ; they tell the
story, you ·p~int 'out ·t~e m~ral. P.ictures draw a crowg where
otlter means faiL 'They make your work doubly effective.
We tell -you how to get the greatest results _a t the ~east
expense.
. . ,
_ ,
Send stamp for comRlete information.
W. SCO.TT -LEWIS
l;.os
3493 Eagle Street:
~eles,
California
Gen. Otis says editorially' in .The Times, of
EVERYMAN
(By Luke North)
" If law and order, respect for conventions and property right&
are to be maintained in this land and its civilization continued,
publications like Everyman must be suppressed . . "
•
And again,Gen. Otis says:
"Its lamentably brilliant · pages pervert art to the cunning
uses of social disturbers . . . "-an'a'-also, says the General, still
speaking of Everyman:
"It is disturbing to ~ental stability."
Thank you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
from the J.1os Angeles Times.-Luke.
THE JONES BOOK STORE
226 West Fi1·st St., J.1os Angels, Cal.
Hcfldquarters for the best Socialist
hooks and literature.
..,
EVERYMAN· .<Monthly>
Each I_ssue Has ·a n Important J.1ecture or E say by
Clarence Darrow
INSURANCE
Fire, Life, Accident, Liability
Automobile, C:tc.
Best Com pan les
Lowest Rates
P. D. NOEL
-Phones - Main 5247. A · 4533
• Residence 31238
Will be glad to call on you
•
Year $1 .50, Copy_25 Cents
516 American Bank Bldg., Los -Angeles
�The Wester'n Comrade
u
Cheapest Because It -Weizrs Best
Women's
Men's
l'nion Suits, low neck, knee length, sizes 32
to 44 ..... . . ·....................... . .. . .. .. $1.25
l'nion Suits. half low neck, elbow sleeves, ankle
length, sizes 32 to 44 ..... .......... . ...... . 1.25
l ' nder Vents, s leeveless, sizes 30 to 44.......... .3~
:-light Robes, s izes 32 to 46 .... ......... , ...... 1.50
Hose, extra wearing, black, sizes 8 to 101h... . . .30
Hose. light weight , all colors, sizes 8 to 101h ._. . .50
Undershir.ts, light w~ight, cream, sizes 34 to 44 .. $ .75
Undershirts, light w igbt, black, sizes 34 to 44 .• 1.00
Drawers, light we!ght; cre~c~m. sizes 30 to 44.. .. .75
Drawers, Jigb.t weight, cream, sizes 30 to 44 •••• 1.00
Shirts aild · Drawers •. dottble fleeced, grey, sizes
30 to 44-.• . .•...... ·. ...... . .....•.•..•..•••• 1.25
Shirts and Drawers, Egy'ptlan cotton, ecru,
sizes 30 to 44 .. .'... ............. ~ .. .. . .. .. . 1.50
Girls'
Children's
Bqys'
tl nion Su its. Rizes 20 to 30 ... $ .50
l ' nion Sui ts , !Jetter grade,
sizes 20 to 30.. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. 1.00
Hose. black. tan or white ,
s izes G to liJih .... .. ........ . .25
Taped unions, answering
purpose of a waist, sizes
20 to 28 .............. . .. . . $ .65
Same as above, only better grade, sizes 20 to 28 . . . 1.05
U nion Suits, s izes 20 to 32 .... $ .60
Un.fon Suits, b etter grade,
sizes 20 to 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Sportsman's hOBP for boys,
sizes 6 to l.Olh ... . . . . . .25 to .40
Pure Wool Goods ·
Made by Wool Grow<>rs! Co-op<>ratiYc Mills.
Direct From Sheep's B:wk to Yom Hnc·k.
Alack and Grey Mackinaw Coat, length 35
Inches, sizes 36 to 44 ........... . . .. ... . .... $8.00
Blankets
-
White or grey, 70x82 in., weight 5 Jbs .. . ........ $7.85
Grey, 70x82 in., weight· 7¥.! lbs .. .... . . .. .. . . . . . 9.90
'
TrouRer s, Grey and Navy Blue, usual sizes .... . . $4.00
Shirts, Grey and Navy Blue . usua~izes ... .. . . . 3.00
Men's Hose
Extra wearing value, black, s izes 9 to ll'h ..... $ .25
Heavy weight, black, sizes 9 to 1Jih, 3 pairs .... 1.00
Llano del Rio Community
<Mail Order Department>
923 Higgins Bldg.
Los Angeles, Cal.
(Make aU 'Cheeks or money orders payable to Llano dPJ Rio (::OmpanyJ
�The Wester
Co
rad
must eome. will
me
dear -ghting eye
f
trig er finaer."
Z'ntel't'd u ueond-dau ma1tet' at the
pofi otllce at Loot An&'dea, CaL
_ . If yon are looking for philon4 Higglq Building, Loa Angelea, Cal. sophical fatalism you. won· find i
in. the office of the
ern
mSubac:rlptlon Price One Dolla r a Year
rade. · If you wan: tb inspiration
·In Cluba of Four Fifty Centa
of bo.ili.ng;. e · a activity and
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
TilE WE
ERN COMBADB
Frank: E. Wolfe, Editor
Vo. III
June, 1915
No. 3
Inspiration or Gloom?
By Edouard d'Ormand
LI \'UEIO;\C; a rrwnrt•nt in thP delight rul a I lllOSJihf'!"e of in!U>uithat thinly 1'0\"I.! I'S t!Je spll'ntlid
s pir·rt of 1·0rtrr·;11teship iu the editorial
.,ffi1·1· or t lri -; IIJ<rga,.irw 1 once overll!·:rI'd ;r 1·r·it i··isrn lrmwtl solely upon
1'11\'1'1'-f'll )!l' app•·ar''"'''<' of one number·
·- thnt •h1· prrldic·ation was "too
giOOIII,\'. I I
I lrnl'f· si 111·" \\'IHHII'r·Pd if any of the
l'f';rtli•I'S or I lit• insidt• pagrs sh at'l'd in
,,,..opinion or till all too superficial
c·r·it if' I r I IJ< •J'(' h·· snr·lt may l he perllritlt•d to disp,.J thPir· false co nclusi ons. 'l'llf· t·ditor is so horH'fn l, so
c ·: rr ·r r•· ~t :rrrd t'lliiiJH'l lin g in his entlrus insm 1h:rt all ll'ho sul'l'ound him·
lll't· 111 tinH·s l'lll'l' ird H\\'ay with his
l't•l'\'ll l' untl I lr;ll't• st•f'n h11lf a dozen
Jl''''slllls, s~>nr..t imPs rasual visitors.
,.; rrdd•·nl~· p lu ng••d into ' 11 state of •
l't•lq·ilt • t•nt• J'g,l' ll'hilt· :rll 1ul'llecl in
ll'illr 11 ll'ill and II'OI'k(•d at nn·ions
I :rslo: inc·idl'nt ,to grtting out cirt·ul:rr·s 1111tl p uhl it·ity mnttt•r· fol' th e
tn:til nr· p rl-'lr ing- l'or·wanl thP pt'opag-:rlldll ol' t·O-O JWt'llt·i\·,, artion. · ·
]I' this Jlii~St 'S th•• t•('Jl~Ot•ship J llSk
you t n ht>liP\' 1• thi~ ('tlitol' is thr most
hojH'I'IIl and opt imi tie man T l\no\\-.
Ht·~idt> him nt ll'ork 1 :rm l rd to joi;1
in his hl'lit'f in tltt• :tphor·ism of -...aint
~imon: "L 'n!:!r d ·m·. qu'mw :wrug-rl
tt·ntlition 11 pin•·<' ju qu iri d11n. Ir
JlH.'SI'. P . t dl'Ynnt non. '' (The o-oldt'n
ng-P whh'h hlind tradition h11"' hithftt•to pln<'Nl :tn thl' pn. t. i. ,in t hl.'fnt•f' us ). >lot th•1t tltl'l'l' is n hl.'li!'f
of tlowN·y lwds of t'lli'il' without first
tin• . nffl'rinl! of O,•henml- that i.
;llri'IHh· hrr,~-hut wr arr aoing
tht'Ou~h it.jH't·hnp. · with a fig-ht ~nore
hm·p 11um mo t dnrl' fa er. That i
II p;n·t of th<' glliUt'.
1 flntl ht>N' no hrinking from the
futurt'. Ht' T<' rafltt>r thf' pirit of
!-1:1111"1'
hoMI~- f~H·ing th
traight pathway
no ntl\tt ('r how ''rhargM with pun~
Hunl'tlt tllt' • <'roll." llf'N' i. the
f l\Th.' S Wl'h th t. the fight, if it
Wat a.nd Alcohol
W ARa terrific
b·as hit the alcohoi busin~
jolt. Plupaed into
Tradt> 'nio~ 'lead r . ' "l'he ,oon~r
· w~ eut out the !'I oze, th better i
th~ war, the gr
n tion ·•found will be fot• u . \Y 11r up 11gain t
that social coo-nizimee of tne alco- , the ht•ewde t men in the countr .
hoi menace bad to be taken.
~Ye rnn't afford to p i n our
Some worker in thi countt:y ar
brain. . I would lik t
th
predicting that · the use o'f alcohol whole L!t bor :\ ov m nt p'ut the ban
will decline in thi country - pecause . 011 nltohol. It poi n nnd kill . It
the lesson being le.arnrd in wat·- n<>ver ha won an. bflttle for us 'nud
tom Europe will riot be lo~t ou ne,·er will.
ut it out!' ,.
America. "'Ve workingmep need
Arid h wu no prndr. lie was
to be wide-awake and at our. best · just a good, hnrd fightet' wh ha
eve!'Y minute, for our fight is seri.- · lwen through n 1 t f fight nnd
OilS and
never-ending,': ·sa.id a: · ktlOWR wlrH t Is n e t>dcd to win .
at
·NEXT EXECUTIO. 1
�...
Will Herir;Y Think?
By
AR"GI YlNGA
A
.----------------~~~-
; Th American ·Socialist
Official Orru of the
PHYSICIAN on . his morning po e ion of hi early morning .find
walk found a five dollar bill As concluded it was be t to retire bis
a keen diagnostician be detected emerg n cy cb:rrency from circulasome congenital discr epancy in the tion, as it had n~een leilllized b
_: Tbe American Socieliat apeak•
~l'eenfJaek,-but he also ob erved it the ' millionair club" at hea<t- , With authority. It ia a 'pOwerful
t.or·e su<:h a convincing likeness to qnarters. Thi he qui k.ly acd
the ones printed on the legalized eompli h . d by laying the' purions n_e}V'a an propaganda weekly
press that he decided it would well bill on the fire of his'. -Open· grate. and ja tb.e only paper in ·t he
One of th chief difference be- -Un,ited .:States wiuch give• an
~>• · rn• in paying a bill he owed his
~·· uial hut insisterrt butcher.
t\reen the phy i ian and the bank- account ·of the official buainea•
As tht> hut<·,heJ• started to put what · t>rs was that the phy ician had tq -·• of the Socialiat Party.
'"' th oul!ht was a legal satisfaction go with his hone t d bt unpaid .(as
Every Socialist. Every Student of Sociaol' a ll hoiH•st Jcht in his till, a farmer did the butcher, the farmer and
·
•·lr1•·'·"d a!J() ca lled his attention to a th t> blacksmith ) until the piece of · . lism sh.outd be a subscribe~.
long- nvt>nllll' aec·ount. · \Vithou.t d e- paprl' was found by the roadside:
Subscription Price
ln,v tl11• hut<"h cr handed ov ~r the doc- while th e famous em rgeney cur·- ·
SO·cents a year.
tor·.'s rt>c:cnt find to the farmer- and reney promoters have the.- ~d.van- .
tl~o• I'a r·n11' r hl'amed with satisfaction.
tage· of ))!'inters' ink and paper.'
'
· The American Socialist and The
Tlr •• n th•· f'al·mrr· went to the blackNo,Y, who thinks that the doctor,
Western Comrade can be had in.
~ lnith nnd, using the same five, paid
the butcher, tl1e farmer and the
co~b.i'nation for one year'by sendf'ol' the !'<'pail's on his wagon. But blacksmith· were swindled in the
·
1111' hla .. ksmit h , who gloried in his a IJoye tl'ansaction ? Were t hey DOt' . ing $1.25.to
p1·omplnl'SS in paying his debts, ran all satisfied that their debts wer-e
WESTER~
·
o,.,. ,. to the doctor 's and settled for paid ?
924
Higgin,s Building
,,.n ·i··.. s rr•nderecl during the blackThe moral to this tale is admitLos Angeles, Cal.
smitlr's wif'P 's illness.
t ed!~- oln·ious, but- think it over,
Th l' <loc·t ol' on finding himself in TT r nr:', g in it a thought!
S·acllllst Party of Alrienca.
THE
COMRADE
If you like
Socialists Attention!
In order to place a copy of our catalogue .
of unlon.made goods· in tlfe hands of
ever y reader of The Western Comrade,
we will· send postage prepaid,. on receipt
of FiFTY CENTS, one of our g~ulne
sheepskin-leather car-d cases BEARING
THE UNI ON LABEL.
This card case contains four pockets,
one large for bills and papers, one for
your dues-staiilP book, and · two · with
transparent windows for union member ship cards. This is the ONLY CARD
CASE on the market made by Organized
Labor and bearing .the union label. It Is
no longer necessary for a class-conscious
Socialist to be inconsistent.
Send fifty cents In stamps or money
order.
MUTUAL UNJON TRADING COMPANY
.
(The only tu:closlve union label merchandlsens)
(Owned and managed by membeno .of the working class)
9 Board of Trade Court, CHICAGO, !LLS.
PEARSON'S.
MAGAZIN'E
at all, you will
like it BETTER
·than any other
~gazine
~
-
Send your name and addreae
on a poatcanl to PEARSON'S
MAGAZINE, 425 Eaat 24th
Street, New Y orlc City, for a
.FREE SAMPLE COPY
A!IO:: .lEE; then aubacribe
tbrouchHEkE'S A BARGAIN
You can gef botlt PEAR·
SON'S MAGAZINE and
THE WESTERN . COM·
RAOE for one year by
sending $1.50 (the price of
Pearaon•a alone) to
The Western-comrade
923 HIGGINS BLDG.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
�10
A
Th ·e Wester n Com r a de
More Fun
~t
Llano
SUNDAY school teacher one day
caught "sanctification " and a
'' limpse of heaven.'' The following
St
y she told her class of little
hoys of the ,joys and pl~asures they
would derivr. when once they get inside. the p early gates.
"Now, hoys," said the teacher,
when sh e thought she had them hypnotizrd, "how many of you want to
go to heaven 1"
All stood save little Jimmy.
"Stand up with the rest of us,
Jimmy,' ' came persuasively from the.
teacher·. "You want to go to heaven,
don't you 1"
•
" NopC' !" was Jimmy's firm response.
,
"Why, Jimmie !" fairl y screamed
th e astout~d cd t e:1 cher, "of eoursr.
you flo! W c all do! Why, heaven
is wond cl'ful ; it is sublime; it is--"
''Aw- - " h1·oke in Jimmie, "I
don 't wnnt t o go ther·e. My old
mm1 's .ioined thr Llano del Rio
Colony."
.THE SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN BOOK FOR.1914
. Will glye .you up-to-date Information about
--
Known bondholrlers, mor tgagees and
other security holders holding one p er
cent or more of total amounts of bonds,
mortgages, or other securities: None.
JOB HARRI MAN.
Sworn to and subscril!ed befor.e me
this 24th day of Mar ch, 1915.
C. V. EGGLESTON,
Notary Public in and for the County 8f
Los Angeles, State of California.
(My commission -expires Nov. 19, 1918.)
C~ime·
Tb~ :Old Parties
~he Progressives
Syndicalism
Conce~tration of Wealth ·
T he Trusts '
' P r'ofits
So.cia1ists in Office ·
Child Labor
· Woman and Labo'r
Industrial Accident~
Poverty
and many other things. of 'intet:est . to Socialists
and students-too many to ment~on. ·
It has been com.piled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and is the most complete reference book of that
character that has ever been.published. · ·
Com l'nd e Theodore Roosevelt is
peevish because a cartoonist has pictUI'cd him with the wrong foot in
the stirr·up while mounting a horse.
Aeeuraey- historical accuracy is indispensable. Perhaps that's why the
colonel placed his 0. K. on a statuette
of himself, mounted on a broncho
ciHII'ging up San Jl}an Hill when
t her·e were no mounted American
troops in Cuba.
bull~ing.
The High Cost of Living
· : · White Sla~ery
Une~ployment
Historical Accuracy
Statement of ownership, management
and circulation, e t.c., required by the a ct
. of August 24, 1!!12, of
THE WESTERN C9MRADE
published monthly at Los Angeles, California, for April 1, 1915 :
Managing editor, .Job Harriman, 923
Higgins building.
.
.
Editor, Frank E . Wolfe, 923 fliggins
bu ilding.
Busiqess manager,'.Frank E . Wolfe, 923
Higgins building.
Publisher, .Job Harriman, 923 Higgins
building.
Owner, Job Harriman, 923 H iggins
•
The Socialist Movement
The Labor Movement
Co-operat·ion
Exploitation
Wages and Hours
Bound in flexible -cloth. 350 pages.
50 CENTS A COPY.
THE WESTERN COMRADE $1 PER Y'EAR
SPECIAL COMBINATION
-
We will send you THE WESTERN COMRADE f or one yr ar ar d THE
CAMPAIGN BOOK FoR $1.25. Add.ress Circulation Department, 924 .
Higgi ns ~ ull d i ng, Los Angeles, Cal.
The British Columbia Federationist
Room 217
Labor Temple
Vancouver, B. C.
'-$1.25 Per Year
Issued Weekly
R. P arm Pe ttlp lece, ·Managing Editor
A labor paper unparalleled ilY any labor paper of C;._nada.
Endorsed by the VIctoria: Trades a .n d Labor Council al!d
New W estminster Trades and Labor Council. Otllcial
organ or the Va-ncouver Trades and Labor Cou ncil and'
-Brltl•h Columbia Fede ration or Labor. T he paper for
Industrial Unity, Polltlcal Unity, Strength and· Victory!
rr you do not take this paper you shou ld subscribe today!
Telephone Home A-4533
Home
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
J
A-~003
Main 619
A. J. SUVENS
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Room 514
Los Angeles, Cal.
�The ·we s tern Co .m r ad e
Llano del ·Rio Co-operative Colo-n y.
("'
.
Llano, C.a lifornia
is the greatest Community Enterprise ever launched
T HIS
In America.
_About 120
ac~es
of garden has been planted this year.
The,_j:olonists are farming on. a large scale with- the ·.use
The colony was founried by Job Harriman and is situated . of modern -macl!!nery, using s.cientlftc system and tried
.~
·
in the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, Cali- methods.
fornia, a few b6urs; ride from Los Angeles. The community
Social life in •the ' colony Is ·inest delightful. Entertainis solving the problem of dlsemployment and business failure,
and otTers a way to provide for the future welfare of the ments and dances are regularlY:" -established functions. · Baseball, ba.Sket-ba1l. · tennis. swimming, fi'shlng, h~ntlng· and all
worker s and their families.
other sports and pastimes are· popular ·with all ages.
Here is an example of co'-operation· In action. Llano del
Several hundred acres ar~ ·now In alfalfa, whtch Is . exRio Colony Is an enter-prise unique In the history of com.pected to run six cuttings -1if ·heavy bay this season. There
mu nity groups.
are two producing ·o.rchards. and · about fifty-five acres of
Some of the alms of the colony are_: To solve the problem young pear tr:ees.- Several hundred acres will be planted ln
of unemployment by providing st~ady employment for the pears and apples next .Ye1;1r.' .
wo~kers; to assure E<afety and comfort for the future and · for
Six hundred and forty acres have been set aside for a .
old age; to guarantee education for t He children In the best
school under personal supervision, and to provide a social site for a city. 'The building department Is making bricks
life amid surroundings bette r than can be found In the com- for the construction of hun!lreds of i}.on;tes. The city will
be the only oile of its kind irl the world. It will be built
petitive world.
with the en(l of being beautlful and utilitarian.
Some of these aims have been carried out during the
There are 1000 ~;Dembership,s In
colony and nearly 600
year since the colony began to work out the problems that
confront pioneers. There are about 400 persons living at of them are subscribed for. 1t Is' believed that. the remainder
the ne w town of Llano. There are now more than seventy Will be taken within the f!-eXt few months.
pupils in the schools, and several hundreds are expected to be
The broadest democracy prevails In the management. of
enrolled before a year shall have passed. Plans are under the colony. There Is a · directorate of nine, electe.d by the
way for a school building, which will cost several thousand stockholders, -and a community commission of nine, elected
dollars. The bonds have been Yoted and the~:e Is nothing to by the General Assembly- all llersons over 18 voting. Absodelay the building.
lute equality prevails In every respect. The ultimate popuSchools will open at the fall term with cla~ses ral).ging lation· of this colony will be between 5000 and 6000 persons.
ftfOm the Montessori and kindergarten grades through the
The colony is organized as a ·cocpor~Ltion under the lawB-ilitermediate which includes the first year in high school. of California. The capitalization Is $2,000,000.. One thousand ·
" This gives the pubils an opportunity to take advanced sub- members are provided for. Each shareholder agrees to subjects, Including languages In the colony sc~ools.
scribe for 2000 shares of stock.
·
The colony owns a tine herd of about 100 head of Jersey
Each pays cash ($750) for 750 shares.
and Holstein dairy cattle and Is turning out a large amount
Deferre~ payments on the remaining 1250 shares are ' made
of dairy products.
by deductin g one dollar per day (or more, If tne member
There are about l 50 hogs in th~ pens, and among them a wishes to pay more rapidly) from the $4 wage of the colonist.
large number of good brood sows. This department will be
Out of the remaining ~3 a day, the colonist gets the nec.e sgiven special attention and· ranks high In importance.
sitles and comforts of life.
The colony ha~:~ about forty work horses, a large tractor,
The balance remaining to the indlvtdual credit of the
two trucks and a number or' automobiles. The poultry depa rtment has 100 egg-making birds, some of them blue- colonist may be drawn In cash out of the net proceeds of
ribbon pr~e winners. About 2000 additional chicks were the enterprise.
"added in May. This department, as all othe rs, is In ~
A per cent of the wages may be drawn . In cash.
charge of an expert and It will ex),1and rapidly.
· Continuous employment is pro.vlded, and vacations a F""
About 60,000 rainbow trout have been hatched in the col ony's fish hatchery, and It is intended to add several hundred ranged as may be desired by the colonist.
thousand each year.
Each member holds an equal number of shares of stock
There are several hundred hares in the ·rabbitry and the as every other shareholder.
manager of the department says the arrivals are 'In startling
Each member receives the same wage- as every other·
numbers.
·
member.
There are about 11,000 grape cuttings In the ground and
'ln case anyone desires to leave the· colony his shares
thousands of decidt:ous fruit and shade trees In the colony and accumulated fund may be sol!l at any time.
nursery. This , department Is being steadily extended~
Are you. tired ·or the competitive world.?
Th e community own's siveral hundred colonies of bees
Do you want to get into a position where every hour's
wh ich are producing honey. This department will be inwork will be for yourself and your famil y ? Do you ·want
creased to several thousands.
a ssurance of employment and proviRions for the future? Ask
Among other industries the colony owns a steam laundry, for the hooklet entitled : ''The Gateway to Freedom ." Suba planing mill, a printing plant, a machine shop, a soil an - scribe for The Western Comrad!! {$1.00 per year), and keep
. :dysis labor11tory, and a number of other productive plants JX>Sted on the progress of the colony.
are contemplated, among them a cannery, a tanne ry, al). ice
Address LLANO DE L RIO COMPANY, 924 Higgins buildplant, a shoe fa ctory, knitting and wejlvlng plan'!., a motion
picture company and factory.
if!g,' Los Angeles, California.,.
the'
�I
I
Is YoUr Job Safe?
Hundreds are safeguarding themselv;·e s by joining the Llano del Rio Co-opetatiire.- Colony in
the Antelope V ~lley, Los An·g eies··c ounty; Cali~
fornhi, where cl~mate ~nd surrtn;tndings are ideal
for an agricultUral and indus~tial . ·~o~·m~nity
This community is doing constructive and
productive work in one of the most beautiful
valleys in Southern California. The climate
and surroundings are ideal. The Colony was
founded and is conducted under the direct
supervision of Job Harriman, who has been
a leader in the
Socialist
movement in America
for the past 25
years. The Colony is solving for
its members and
their families the
serious problems
a n d disemployment and insecurity for the future .
He_Ie is an example of COOPERATION IN
and rearing, and other agricultural an"d industrial pur.su.its . . Sogiallife is most delightful . If you ar e willing .to apply the principles of co-operation of which y ou have heard,
t alked and read so much:, here is your opportunity. Co-operation is a practical \bing arid
must be worked
out in a · practical
manner.
By 'this ..:;·
.
method we CBin ac. c.e lerate the great
world ~ovement
toward the socialization of all the
sources of human
life.
Do ·you want to
solve your own
vexatious problems and assist in this great
enterprise?, We want Colonists and we want
A ~ION.
There were originally one thousand mem- representatives who can speak and write the
berships. Six hundred of these ~ sold ·message of freedom. You can make good
and the remainder are selling rapidly. Men from this hour if you will take hol'd and seand women of nearly every useful occupao cure members. You c~n make this organization are needed in the community. These tion work a permanent business. See the
men are following the· !~test scientific meth- story of the Colony on page 15 of this magaods in farming, stock raising, dairying, poul- zine, take advantage of your opportunity
production, bee keeping, trout hatching and write for particul3.!S. .
try
Llano del Rio Company
924 ·Higgins Building
Los Angeles, .California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Western Comrade, 1915-07
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-07
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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2018-07-23
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n03
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/05826e19e9751730602f29f92cd39111.pdf
9f24a04171c0c94d1732cd8ba40f26eb
PDF Text
Text
'
'
Ten: Cents ·
&tories and Specials By
Morgan Smith
A. F. Gannon
( T.~titt w~ .
Wiley H. Swift
\,__Sarl D. · ompson
Owen R. Lovejoy
Mila T. Maynard
Ruth Lee Stevens
Thos. W. Williams
A. W. Ricker
G. E. Bolton
Frank E. Wolfe
MargUerite Head ·
Adelaide Maydwen
Edmund Brumbaugh
�1'
'ELK SKI
BOOTS (lnd SHOES
Factory operated in: connection
with LLANO ·.DEL Rio CoLoNY
Men's 10-inch poots.$6.00
Men 's 12-inch boof.s. 7.00
Men 's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 3.50
Infants ' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .. .. . ... . ... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 .... . . . . . .. .. 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8'12 to 11. . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11% to 2 . . . .. . .. . 2-50
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around ae per above 11 lustratio·n. Pass tape
around at lines without drawing tight. Give
size usually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Rancher$ and. "Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elk~kin Shoes are lightest. and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from -ladies,' men's .
and children's button · or lace · in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
_mountain, hunting, · ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
•
measurement according to instructions.
Out Of town shoes made immediately on
rec~ipt of order. Send P. 0 . order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
·Llano del Rio Com.p.a ny .
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�CONTE.NTS
Current Review.
By Frank E. Wolfe ....•......•..Page ;· 5
Child Labor In' the Min ea. By Thos. W. Wiiliams .'.Pag~. : ~
Need of Co-Operation. By Edward N. · Clopper .. :·.Page :).0
Need Children for Profits. By Wiley H. S,w ift ..... Page 11
The Lawa Are Ignored; By Owen R. Lovejoy .... .'Page 12
.
'
Pharisees Rebuked. . ...... ............. ........... P~e 12
"Unto the Third.'' By A. F. Gannon .. .. .... .. . . .. Page 13
Children and Community Life. By Adelaiqe·
MaydwelJ . , .... . . .................. ....... ·.. Page . 1~ '
Life with the Colony Children . . ...... ·...... .. .... Page 16
Filling the Dinner Pall. By A. W. Ricker .....· .... Page 21 '·
The Dandy Funeral. By Morgan Smith . .. ........ :Page 22
Lawson- Labor- Liberty. By Edmund B.
.
Brumbaugh . . .............. .......... . .. ... . . Page 23
Keep Up the Spade .... . ......................... Page 23
Is It Practical? By Carl D. Thompson ...... . .... . Page .24
Mother Earth (poem); By Ruth Lee Stevens ...... Page 24
yJ. · S~
our Conscience, Clear. By MJia Tupper
Maynanl . . . ..... . ........ ........ . ......... Page 25
The Fighter (p·o em). By Marguerite Head ...... .. Page 25
Hunter's New Book.. .. . . ... ....... . ........... . .. Page 2S
CARTOONS
Star Gazing ......... ... .'....... ... .. . . . ... .. Frontispiece.
Woodr<.w Wilson, Taxidermist ... . .. .'.. . ......... . Page
6
The Star of Bethlehem (U. S. A.) . . ... ... .... ..... Page
7
The Party Waall . .... . .... . ... . . .. ...... . ........ Page 8
Brave Work! ........ . ..... . .. . . . . ...... . ..... ... Page 21
J
"
.
The Path of Neutrality ...... . .. ... . . ........ ..... Page 28
I
I
I
i
+
�The Western Comrade
r
STAR GAZING
..
How His Future Look s
�/
THE WESTERN COMRADE
---------------------------Polit ical Action
VOL. III
Devo~ to the Cauae of the Workers
DINCt Action
C~ · operatlon
.
LOS ANGE._,ES, CAL., JUNE, 1915
'
NUMBER 2
A Typical Louisiana Oyster Canner y F orce. The Girl in th e F oreground Is E ight Years Old a nd a Regular Worker.
""'-
CURRENT REVIEW
B y Frank E . Wolf e
P 1·esiden t \\"il son has s un ·endered to the wat·
I Fparty
of Anwr iea, it seems extremely doubtful
if B1·yan and th t• more sober of the 'Washington
statesmen will he a hie to p r·event intervention in
l\fexic't> and aet ion towa rd Ger many that will be
tan t amount t o a d eclaration of war. Intervention
me11ns war· wit h ::\[exieo. Bryan's withdrawal from
the cabinet is r egarded by' the war part y as a tremendous victory. The gunmakers, the powder trust
and all the forces that fatten on blood and carnage
losing no opportunity to crowd tJ1eir propaganda .
of war at any p r ice.
\\' ilson 's notr to Germany fell helow the hopes
of the jingoes, but it ca r ries with it the implied
thrr at of fo rce that Bryan declined to support.
Wit h this foundation laid, all that is needed to precipita t e war wil l be a se ri e~ of incidents, the exc-h an ge of " notes," the sinkipg of another ship, the
'lt>VPring of diplomatic relations and the uproar of the
da ily press- t hen the heginning of t he cataclysm.
a t' l'
�6
T h e W e s t e r n C o m r a d ·e
in Mexico looms as a greater
I NTERVENTION
danger to peace on this continent than since
the revolution begun. Never ·was a more insidious
plot floated than the Red Cross appeal for funds
to ''relieve suffering in the sister republic~." The
sudden cry of hunger in Mexico (City) touches the
human heart. Vide any newspaper. "food sent
to starving Mexicans shipped abroad and sold!"
screams the h~adlines. Can the Ameri<i;ln· public
be stupid enough to fail fo see through this move
on the part of capitalists who are for intervention T
Will the Hearsts and .Otises, the landgrabbers, the
oil barons, and the mining kings succeed, after several years' effort, in stampeding the American people 1 'rhe statement from Washington that 150,000
armed men were starving 15,000,000 non-combattants is utterly absurd. If there is anybody starving
in Mexico it is the dealers and traders in the cities
who have never prorluccd anything or performed
any useful service. The land is as rich and productive as ever and all the land that can be freed
from the grasp of the exploiters is under cultivation.
There is no time in history when the Americans
have heen so !:lOrry a figure in th e affairs of nations.
The United States, with mil1ions of disemployed and
hungry workers, with 15,000,000 humans subsisting below the living line, with its hourly suicides,
deaths from starvation, murders (legal ana human )
and its saturnalia of graft and corruption, will now
go forth to fon'e its particular brand of morality
on a nation that, let alone, will shame us in a generation. Jntcr·vention at this hour means war with
a united .M rxieo. A prolonged, cruel war of invasion for conquest . .A war which will make stan·ation as great a r rality in Mexico as it is in· the
United Statrs. W e may have t o face, before the
end, a United South America. Then we will have
the spectacle of an immoral, vicious nation trying
to fGrce its eth ics on an un!noral and happy people.
If thos<> who are short-sightedly seeking more profits
at the bayonrt point could but realize that this war
of conquest will mean that Latin-America will close
)ts doors to Amrric11n commerce it might give capitalism p'iluse. It ~ired no prophet to see the pos-
sibility of war with A. B. C. powers and it may run
down farther into the alphabet: Military experts
have said it would. require an army of 200,000 to
subdue (ensla.~e ) Mexico. It will.cost tens of thousands of lives. It·.win require years to accomplish.
Fighting on 'their own groimds, armed, equipped
aNl ~M~o~P-'l ,·ptrrllns far outnumbering the callow
- Sydney Bulletin
WOODROW WILSON, TAXIDERMIST
"Have I got to turn this durned bird into a war eagle?''
clerks and school boys that make up a volunteer
American army, we shall su!fer a terrible loss o~
life. When our marines landed at Vera Cruz the
indignation in South America was great.
Mili-tarism prays hourly for a war that will make
350,000 American workers into potential murderers. President Wilson has held his head through
�7
The Western Comrade
many trying situations, but the newspapers would
make us believe he is about to lose it.
Mexico is plagued with landlordism, clericalism
tind militarism. Now, American capitalism seeks to
fo rce the discomfiture of the nation- and to enslave
n raer. Jntrrv rntion means a prolonged, disash·ous
war.
+
+
Germany long ago complained that the Ru sian
were using Ameriean shells. All belligerent coun.
trie seem to be well ·upplied with these .shells. The
infidel Turks: are using Christian shrapnel and
+
" C EHT.AJNLY not, we can 't discontinue our
eommerc:e with nati9ns, peaceful and warring.
That .would be against precedent and tradition."
This was the frank and sincere d eciaration of a
·· prorniru·nt hu~rness man '; of the type so worshipped
hy th e daily press. H is personal name is of no imJHH'tan eC'. 1n numbers he is legion. He cogently
1·oir·ed the s(•ntimPnt of America. \Vhy should w e
~top making powder and shrapnel for export and
allow other nations to get the profits ? Why should
W(' •
Now, honestly, isn 't it sheer hypocrisy to say
11·t· care about the lives of men out ther e in the
trl' nehcs? What do we care for the lives of Amerit·ans in the tl'Cmches in the daily war. Should the
lh•thlehcm gun works r efuse to sell them to the killl't's of Colorado? S hould we of Los Angeles who
buy sawed-ofT shotguns to shoot men, women and
t· h.ildren in our streets, g.row indignant about the
sa Ic of similar or l es~ certain g uns to shoot men,
women and c hildren in Belgium ? Not unless we are
a nation of hypoc'rites-and we are.
W
..:-
+ + +
E arP a n eutral na tion. This is easily proved.
Sill(·<' t hr war hegan England has placed
orders with tl~t• Beth lehem Strel Company of Pe~n
sy lnmi a fo r· over $ 100,000,000 worth of Hrms and
ammuni tion. T his (·ompany is uow farming out a
p<tr·t 0f its eont•·arts to the Allis Chalmers Company
of \\'isconsin \\·her·c shrapnel sh ells are being partly
tinishC'd and J'Pllli'IWd t o Bethlehem.
1 F!·om Amrri<·a . Eng-land is getting shells that arf•
the mo ..t cl<':Hily tl1at ha1·<· yet lwen deYised. British
g>llllTH'rs fin• sli<'lls into the German tr·enches and
sonw of thp-;p are reported to have such power that
thl'~· kill t' \'<'r.dhing- t!rat hrcllthes within a radius of
100 y:uds. Thr G<•rmans retaliate h,v fir·ing a simibr· slwll at th l' Enf!lish-:md both sh<•lls are made in
.\ mt•ri<·;L
- K!Rddemdntoch
THE STAR OF BETHL'Sl'IEM (U. S. A. )
"And when they saw the s tar, they went Into the
house a nd r ece>ived guns, aircraft, and bombs In great
number. And the ) gave cr their treasure gold 11.nd
great profitR to the promised land."
-;rnokPit·ss powd<'t' a4'ai nt>t the dogs of unbelievers
on tlw in 1·adiw.r ships~ Chril:!tian gunners on allied
dn·aduau!!hts an· killing rnosl,~ ms by the hundreds
in the for·ts 011 tllP Dar·daHelles- using Amer·ican
pro.i<•<·tiles.
:\lexitl111s hal'l• ]J('en l<illi11g each other for· years
and t h<•y !Ia "'' 'w••n totally d<•peudent upon Auwri<·?.n t.runs l1nd amuluHitiou. Now we ar<• !.iellding
�8
The Western Comrad·e
food and cross red nurses into Mexico to demonstrate
our neutrality there.
Owing to our neutrality we sold high-power,
long-distancl' guns to Philippino pagans who
promptly, and at safe distance, lrilled "our troops"
who were armed with the archaic Springfields and
hlack powder that made them splendi_d targets. We·
are neutral , <>O long as ~·e get the-prqfits.
The action was really ba ed on the loo e u of
the !vords ' corruption" and "corrupt " when the
former presitlent mentioned Iii" former . coun llor
guide mentor ~d hiend. Then Barne ued Roo evelt for 50,000.
.
At the
tri~ each· said som~ horrible things about
..
.
+ + +
note some of our ed ito rial C'bmrades at·c
W Eastonished
at the ·
made at a
re~elations
li<':tr·inl! h ~> f'or· p tlw United States Commission on
ludustri:tl HPi at ious <~t• Was'hin gto n where an agent
or the Boy S<·Ollt JllO\'(' lll Cilt testified. Unhesitating-ly nml unhlushingl_v this man d rclared that .John
D. Ho<·kPf'l'lll'r, Andt'P\\" Car·negic (of Ludlow and
1 forn<·s1Pacl l , and other plntocr·ats were heavy con1rihutors to the fund for th e youth-destroying institution.
Th P Roy Se<.nt moYemcnt is a hoy murder movemPnt . In Ameri ca it was sprrwned by the Powder
trust, hut it is t he lcgitimatP offspring of militarism
that has mad e shamhl<·s or thP firl~ls of Europe.
-t• •1- +
ill S nnnrlH.: r· of' th<· \\'ESTEHN COMRADE is
devoted to pidurps and stories about children.
It furnishes a eontrast that is more startling than
a rasual f!lancr would inrlieatr. The pictures and
~tOJ·ies of littl e ones in sweatshops, factories and
mines clearly depict the dark side of child life in
America. The views of the community children at
J,]ano and l\'fiss Maydwell 's delightful article on the
co-operative colony furnishes a ray of hope for the .
.future.
T
+· + +
the wodd had not been busy with matters of
I Fgreater
import, thr Barnes-R{)osevelt backyard
clotheslinl.' quarrel would hHe reached and held the
honor(\d position of p. 1-col. 7. The best it did was
to break in on page one, somewhere in the middle,
usually on the fold. hidden under the big red line
about some really important c_apture oJ 200 yards
of trenches betwel'n Arras and Labasse. The result,
it.is believed, was that !\fr. lloosevelt won the suit.
- New York World
THE PAHTY WKSH
Vindicating their "personal honor."
the other and both proved their statements by docu- .
ments and witnesses.
It wasn 't what was said, it .was the old Rooseveltian way of saying ''Ice is cold! Water is wet I
Fire i<> hot!' ' with a show of teeth and fierceness
that has always astounded the rubes and boobs, that
aroused the wrath of Barnes. Mr. Barnes sued to
vindicate his personal honor-he lost. Mr. Roosevelt defended his personal honor-read the evidence.
�The Western Comrade
Down In a Pennsylvania Coal Mine, Tending a Trap Door In DampneRs S:rid Solitude.
.
Child Labor tn the Mines
'
By THOMAS W. WILLIAMS
Al'HER diPd when l was l 1. There were
four children. I was the only boy. We
had no resources.
·
Rome good, philanthropic, Christian
p eople took ari interest in the family.
As a result I secured a "job" as "trapper'· in a coal mine. I had a mania for
books, an inborn desire to know. The
school principal pleaded that I be permitted to pursue
my studies, but_ all to no purpose. What need would
1; the only son of a widowed mother, have for learning, anyway? My place was with the proletariat.
Mother and I were to be congratulated in securing
such
windfall.
The experience of those first days alone at my
door, the "gob" literally alive with ra-ts, the constant falling of loose pieces of -rock and slate,. the
a
inky darkness and the impenetrable gloom, only occasionally broken when a drive·r passed with a chain
of cars- all this is indelibly stamped on brain and
heart.
To add to my fears, older boys and men took
especial delight in telling all s.orts of weird, uncanny
stories of impending harm.
It was a veritab'le hell, _and even now is an awful
nightmare.
I received the munifice11t sum of 60 cents a day,
for ten hours' work-$3.60 a week-and -rurnished
my own oil out of that.
During those first years I saw rlozens of men who
were crushed out of all human semblance; men and
boys maimed and crippled. At one time the miners
in one-half of the workings-were prostrated by black
damp, and only through heroic effort were rescued
�'
·'/ii e
W es t er n Com r a d e
"De drunks is me best· cnstomers.'; ·
spor.a.dic charity T Shall we tell these youngsters to
"get their heart right" and "make their p~ace with
God," because He in His inscrutable wisdom has so
ordained T Well, hardly.
·
Let us educate and organize the workers ·to revolt,
to refuse to passively submit. So long as the means
of life· remain in the hands of the few, so long will the
·many suffer and toil · and die.
Child labo( is a . national calamity. It not only
leaves its effect ppQn· the child, but undermines the
race'. .w ~ must ~ke the mines, the' mills, the factories and all the institutions of labor the property
of all the peoplE!,, and thereby remove the incentive
for the stlbstituhon of the child for the man in the
field of industry.
at all. At UliOth(•r 1irnP t1'1e wliOlP mouth of the mine
ca \·cd in and W(! wt•rc rcscu<>d aftPr many hours, our
cg1·ess being throngh a small aperture 'improvised
through loose dirt a distancp of forty feet.
It is an utte1· waste of time and money to .send
preachers to eollegP to enable them to impress the
people with the existence of hell. I know there is a
hpll. I have been there. Tens of thousands of boys
are there now, and it is in the interests of these poor
unfortunates that I pen these lines.
By heroic effort and indomitable will I have been
able to lift myself from these damning environments,
but the lessons learned in those early years have been
of invaluable service. 'l'hc clas·s struggle with ·an its
~mcsomeness and horror was brought home to me
in (•learer terms than could be portrayccl by pen or
tongue.
'l'he study of chi ld slavery is fascinating to theorists, alluring to the economists and a diversion to the
idealists, hut to me it is all that the term implies.
And what is the remedy 1 Maudlin sympathy and
A Fourteen-Year-Old Lass W'ho Has Worked Three
'
Years In a T~xas Cotton Mill
Need of Co-Operation
By EDWARD N.
every state in the Union has on its statute
N EARJ.N
bool{s today a m.a.:;s of legislation for the welfare of children. Some of it is archaic; some is ext~eme; and not a little is contradictory al\,d unenforcab'le. Fundamentally the difficulty lies in that old and
vita( defect of lnck of vision, lack of · the power of
co-or~ination.
'l'he relationship between ·the various
brnncl\es j~f child welfare )s remarl,ably intimate but
quite oftc~ escapes observation and still oftener escapes
realization llrvhe very workers themselves. .
In their enlthn!'liRsm for improving conditions they
---
CLOPPER
forget such elementary prii;Jciples as, for instance, that
the periods for compulsory attendance at scho~l, for
prohibition of child labor and for public relief for chil-·
dren from want must be the same, and if one is extended, the othet· must be changed to correspond. 'l'his
;)pplies to other hranches of child welfare work with
equal force and shows that co-operation is essential
to effective refo1·m. Because of the absence of this
essential our laws are in confusion and our work is
seriously hampered .
.,. Co-operation in this fiPlcl r·an best be promoted
�The Western Comrade
through the medium of a general children's charter.
At the National Conference in Memp~ in 1914 the
compilation of such a charter was urged to embody all
11
the recognizable principles of child-car~g, which could
be used as a guide by the several states and individuals
generally.
·
Need Children for Profits.
B y WIL E Y H. SWIFT
I consider what remains to .be done for
W HEN
the protection of the childern in North and
South Carolina I am forced to conclude that up to the
present we have not progressed very far. North and
South Carolina have a larger per cent of child workers
in t~1e manufacturing industry than any other state in
the country. If the persons engaged in these industries
should march by, every J)inth person would be a child
under 16. These children lejive school forever at 12often younger in North Carolina, where there is practically no enforcement-to work 11 hours .a day in
our factories. The opportunity for education is closed
to them forever.
Public opinion grows slowly and law halts behind
public opinion. The prople of these states as a whole
deplore the conditions under which children are work-
ing, and yet it i.~ my firm belief th{lt neither North
Carolina ·nor South Qar"olina, if left to herself, will
enact any rtlal child iabor legislation within the next
eight years. The cotton manufactural's as a class are
actively opposed to. all such legislation. · They have
dictated, ·can dictate and will dictate what our laws
regulating the employment of children shall be. Every
one of our four best · governors lias declared for legis•
lation on this subject,· but when the bill comes up the
legislative halls arc crowded with child emplojllrs,
and they win. y 0~1. net!d not be surprised that our
Senator Overman blocked the Palmer-Owen bill. He
knew that his rc-rlection depended upon it. The Commissioner of Labor is now. making an . effort to enforce
the law in North Carolina, and I look for him to be enjoined from further activity in this direction or to be
Even a Child 'of Five Is Not Too Yqung t o Help In This New York Tenement.
' ,..
�12
The Western Comrade
defeated at the next election. · He is-playing with fire.
One difficulty is the fact that the mi~ of the South
are new and have brought prosperity for which, unfortunately, people are often willing to pay any price.
Men who build cotton inills believe that no mill can
be successfully operated without children under 14,
and they are certain no mill can .be run if an · eighthour day for children under 16 prevails. There is only ·
one way to get these children out of our mills and
that is for the National Government to do it. ·
.•. .
The Laws Are lgno:r ed
By OWEN R. LOVEJOY
T
Il.E up-to-date manufacturer wants efficient, responsible, well:trained workers-he does not want
childr·Pn at his machines. So we see a manufacturers'
bill pass<•<1 in ~fichigan raising the age li~it frorri 14
to l G; Wl' sPc large employers en·doro;;ing the proposal
of the Illinois Child Labor (!ommittee to forbid all employmrnt of ehildrPn under 1iJ during school liours; we
sec Pennsylvania limiting t!H~ working day of her 14
and l G year old children to less than 48 hours a week
in order that they shall contir.uc their education at a
part-time day school (and in cidentally, at last, eliminating them from hH glass fad or irs at night). Ev'en
backward Alabama has fixed a date after which no
chi ldren UJH.lcr 14 shall he employrd in her cotton mills.
These are big advances, hut they merely establish
standards which enlightened people- employers am.!
public-recognize as reasonable 11nd necessary. 'rhe
majority upholds them and yet there are other states
in which similar measures haYc this year been defeated,
hcrause the reactionary mi110rity,. llt:tive and aggressive, has hlockPd the way to progr1~ss. In fact the
forces ·-of· reaction have never heen .so alert and wellorganized as they are today . . Possihly because they
feel the g't·ound slip-ping from under them, and well
they may. The ehild labor hills defeated t)lis year
in Vl est Virginia, 'I'cxas and ·the Carolinas are just so
many new. arguments for a federal law. Their chil!
dren are our children and must he protected. We must
extend to their factories and mills and canneries-to
all establishments in the ~ountry that engage in interstate commerce, the standar.ds of ages and hours embodied in the laws of· a majority of the states.· Reaction will continue. to use all the political power it possesses that it may. retain the privilege of legally employing children· of l 2 or l 3-and violating without
interference even that age limit rour agent found 84
violations in ~6 North Carolina mills in 1~ days); reaction wants boys on the I)ight shift; it will fight any
proposal to shorten an 11-h6ur. day.
If all right-minded oiti1.ens would help, we should
adopt a federal law and clear the way for constructive
action.
Pharisees Rebuked
was self-righteousness, self-complacency
N EVER
and smuggery more quickly and sharply rebuked
mentioning (?rt. Jw continued Jo mention it and to
apologize fo')- it) and that the saluhrious climate of
than at the first day's session of the Eleventh Annual this glorious state made it a joy for children to work;
Conference on Child Lahor, which took place at the ;mel besides they didn't have to wo~ in California.
concourse at the San Francisco Exposition.
The faces of the men and '\Yomen, who sat on che
The govcmor, the mayor and president of the ex: platform behind this P-aleozoic apostle of what used to
position were on the program and each sent a repre- be, was. a study. Dr. Felix Adler followed and with .
sentative. The mayor 's secretary made a good speech, ~~ voice as soft as the cooing of a dove, told of the
but said nothing. The exposition man give a good ex- dangers of the crime of self-complacency and excess
hibition of stereotyped phrases and self-laudation. The satisfaction . over nchievetnent.·
The exposition
governor's rcpresentat\ve was a politician-with ap- "booster" (vile word) squirmed uneasily, though he
pearance and manners of the vintage 1873- who read but dimly understood, and the politician turned a deep
a "paper" which reeked with sop'his tries (polite word crimson.
for li e~) about the perfectly splendid laws governing
Dr. Adler di<>misscd the boasts of the two speakers
child labor in California. His paper said .Californil! and made no direct rrference, but he let it be known
took excellent care of its child workers; that Cali- he had no confidence in their statements or patience
fornia had no child workers'; that worldng in the can- with Phl'isees of their type. 'l'hcn Paul Scharrenberg
neries was good for the childt·en, and that selling news- spoke on "Organized l.Jahor 's Brief Against Child
paprrs on the streets of thr eitiPs matH~ the ·children l;abor." He exprr<><>ed hio;; amazement at the lame
better citizens; that thrrP was no child labor wortlr 11pology and spec iom; rlenial of California's disgrace.
�Tke . Western Comrade
He went after those responsible for the unprotected
children in California's canneries ape! on the city
streets. After tearing the mask of · hypocrisy off the
faces of the political pretenders, the speaker delllared
"No dividends-no pr6fits can compensate for these
wrongs.''
Mrs. Florence Kelley of New York showed the close
parallei of the claims of those who perpetuate child
slavery in every state. In some states it .is the cotton
industry, and in California it was the canneries; and
everywhere the exploiters claimed it didn't hurt the
children-it was good for them. Hard labor is just
what young children need.
"1 nto every state we go these, people say that their
particu Jar industry does not hurt the children. This
13
holds in California-as we see here today with childern
worked in your canneries-the. same as it holds . in
Texas, where youn·g children are worked in the cotton.
fields side by side with convicts wearing the ball and
chain.''
Mrs. ' Kelley told of the horrors of those camps and
one might have tJ10ug~t she was referring t'o the hoppicking camps of' California. She declared none of us
can ·say f 'My hands .are clean so long a child labor
exists·. ~ywherff . in ' America.'' ·
Edwin Markham read selections from "Children in
Bondage~.· and broRght the cannery child' vividly before his hearers. All the speakers agreed that a federal ·
law 1s necessary and all sho~.ed keen zest in puncturing
the pharisaical p:reaehment of plutocracy 's protecton.
,·,unto the Thir.ct?.'
By A. F. GANNON
A~BY
reached the foo( of the ladder of Gasby had an_enviable r eputation for her succulently
success at 35 with "a pig and a peck of superior preparation of the plebian viand, baked pork
beans. " This is not my figure of speech; and beans. With hosewifely guile, precept to ttle conit's Gasby's own-often uttered, in a trary ·notwithstanding, here was a woman who kept
properly deprecatory fash ion, when a secret. While tlie world .had not as yet made a
Gasby was mellowed- by ra.re, vintage in beaten path to her door, requests came from.. other
the presence of his peers about the ban- communities for crockfrils ·of_ her special product. The
quet hoanl. Nometimes it was snarled shiftless Gasby, not b~ing a generous provider, · was
by him, in a towering passion, to squelch office-:tt- content to do odd jobs-and deliver his wife's baked
tachee or factoryhand who had the temerity to enter beans.
his presence with a plea for more generous remuneraNE fateful day a commercial trav(:)ler domiciled
tion. Like many other sayings of gr eat men, it was
-at the single local caravansary asked the goddess
not exactly true. Gasby' possessed, in addition to tne
who
presided over the fly-specked dining tables foJ; a
porker and the peck of legumes, at the a·ge mentioned,
scrvi:>
g Qf Gasby's beans, the v.irtues of which he had
a homey wife and a curly headed kiddie of 5. However , if these were purposely omitted by Gasby in heard of a't a neighboring town. None was at hand.
coinin g the pithy, alliterative epitome of his dearth Mine host, scenting profit and reputation for himself
of earthly accumulations at the pivotal point of his · and hostelry, sent JlOSt-haste for~ large portion, pipcareer, they shall achieve a· measure of justice, if some- ing hot from the Gasby oven. The drummer was dewhat belated, at th e hand of the present chronicler. lighted. Questions followed. Where could he see this
If one who knew had dared to m.ention this discrepancy man Gasby? The Gasby home was pointed out, a
to Gasby in his phenomenally successful years Gasby block down the straggling country street. Thither
went..the knight of the grip with a good cigar between
would, no 1doubt, have witheringly r eplied:
"Hell, yes! I also forgot to add a pair of cowhide his teeth and coutent~ent in his ·heart-or, should one .
say, stomach? After the manner of his kind, Gasby
boots and a hickory pants with one gallus!"
And there the matter would rest fo rever and two sat on an upturned box, in a shady spot near the ·
d~y~orGasby, lil{e Bimi, had "too much' ego in his kitchen door, whittling.
The stranger presented Gasby a cigar that was
cosm ' . to admit that anybody on earth had ever
a
revelation
to the latter, once he had it "goin'."
contrib
d an .i ota to Gas by's success, save Gasby.
Pretty
bot
a round an oven these days, eh?''
Rut to my t ardy errantry of rescuing the lady and the
''
Recon
'tis,''
noncommittally opined Gasby.
laddie from the t oils of oolivion.
Mrs. Gashy, peering through a chink in the little
Tn the little coun try town which Gasby early hon•
ored with his somewhat unproductive ' presence (and, cm·taincd kitchen window, KNEW that it was.
Half an hour later the caller departed, leaving a
long a ftr1·ward, a massive, imposing library) , . Mrs.
..
0
I,
�I
14
The Western Comrade
brace of cigars in his wake. Gasby arose and entered
the house. There was the light of conquest in his
eyes as he almost shouted:
~
"Tillie, we're goin' into business--thf!,t. feller an'
us ! We're goin' . over t' S - an' start a-cannin'
beans,'' he ended, triumph~ntly.
"No we aint, Cyrus," Tillie readily responded. "I
hettrd his schemin'; were goin' t' work hard an' save
till we get 'nough t' start a place o.! our own. My
mind's made up!"
Gasby's face lengthened as he parried:
"But Teddie, he's got t' be edicated."
"Never mi:rid," consolingly replied his .sweaty helpmeet. "That man aint goiR' to' get nothin' out o'
my labor: you're welcome, out he aint,,, 'with finality.
A
'
l•'TI•;H a desultor correspondence the promoter
ga vt• it up, sensing a far stronger will than
Gushy's.
His suggestion that local newspaper advertising
would largely increase sales was adopted, an4 in the
course of a year we find Oasby at the head of a fast
growing cannery in the city of S -- . As the volume
of their trade grew othrr edibles, including shellfish
from a nearby coast town, were entered in their list.
For a few years Gasby always deferred and referred
to his wife's sagacity. Then came flattering offers and
inspiring suggestions from the advertising managers
of various magazines of national scope.
Tillie lost her fast diminishing grip on the business.
Chefs were installed who gradually undermined the
personal touch of her supervision. The ~ame Gasby
on food products had become a household word-built
upon the rock of Tillie's capability. Dishwater could
sell if it were labeled "Gasby 's Soups."
Teddie was now at boarding school.
Tillie was inveigled into the automobile and social
rut. Her heart was in the facto'ries and Teddie's future, rather than the . round of functions where her
prosperity gave entrance and her naivete half-concealed
amusement.
Gasby, hot on the scent" of the illusive dollar, had
acquired farms from whence came vegetables for his
factorles, clam and oyster bed.s for his bivalves, and
his. importations of spices and condiments from foreign
lands were large.
'feddie, back from Yale and- a whid abroad, took
charge of the publicity end of the business. His ad~
vertising caught the public eye, and his catchphrase,
"There's no gas to Gasby's!" was incorporated (at
so niuch per) in the sGngs and sayings of the variety
stage.
Surfeited with the supposed "'ood things of life,
Tillie died, but not before she had paired off Teddie
with one of the reigning society belles, a late in life_
ambition realized.
Appalled and brought ·halfway to his senses by
the sildden loss of his comforter and guide, oid Gasby
stumbled aimlessly about in a business and social way
for .many long, lonesome months.
Had not the momentum of money, with the guiding
hand of his ~on, precluded failure during the year of
Gasby's readjustment to life without Tillie, such would ··
have been P,is ·portion.
The.. birth of .his grand~hild, Gladys, brought him
from. his semi-stupo~ and : back into the. harness again
with mutth of .ilis old vigor.
was · the middle name of
E FFICIENCY
farms, factories and fisheries. While he had sacG~by's
rificed nothing to hygiene or equipment where scie~ce .
or inven.t ion. pointed, the way, the human factor of production went without champion. Wages only existed
to be unceremoniously lopped off when new automatics
were installed. 'In ~usiness aeumen Gasby was three
laps always ·ahead of his keenest competitors (for he
had many by this time ), but mutterings of discontent
among his employees were met by him with about as
much concern as were the first whispered dissents of
the villeins and serfs. Gasby was no Alexander TI. In
point of fact, Gasby considered himself a Napoleon in
his particular field.
James 0 'Hare, · better known among the
E NTER
thousands of Gasby's ''hands'' as Jimmie. James
had read Karl Marx, a German. ~ashy never had read
t;he immortal Dutchman; Teddie, now known as Theodore, had. Gasby senior took to swearing; Gasby
junior took to sophistry. Both Gasbys we're inefl'ective.
The strike came on. Gaiby lost money-oodles. The
strikers lost the stri.k e-and many of them lost divers
meals in the interm. GasbY'-Jost no meals, at least
through any other cause than Indigestion. Jimmie lost
his job, and he and hi's good wife, Bridget, their partlypaid-for home and, irreparable loss, little Micky, _aged
5, for want of medical treatment during a neighbQrhood diphtheria scourge. Jjmmie was for finishing
Gasby. Bridget said: ·
'JJ'aye 'im t' God!"
Jimmie silently and fervently consigned him· to
the de'vil, and, though he would have liked to expedite.
matters, kept his hands off.
Enter the villain, or villains.
Gladys, aged 5, was to have a birthday fete ·o n
the Gasby lawn-not a party, mind you, but a fete.
Among the many delicacies prepared to please the
palates of blase childhood on the occasion was a sort
(Continued on Page 27)
�The Western Comrade
16
Llano Live Wire Dramatic Club In Costumes for Production of "The Deestrlck Skule."
Children and Community Life
By ADE LAIDE MAYDWELL
S
I NCE :\lay 1, 1914, more· than 100 eliildren have
gone into the Antelope Valley, Califo rnia, to live.
The change of scenes and of environment has meant
to th em a diversion jn the trend of events that will
leave its impress on them through life.
Community life at Llano del Rio already has started
these children into a new line of thought. The commuaity spirit grows upon them with rapidity. The
.knowledge that all public property is owned by the cellectivity makes a change in them the same as it does in
their parents.
:M any of these children came from the cities and had
never known the joys of life in the country. Life at
the Llano community is for children something more
than lhing in thr country. It is lire in the big open
with the great distances, the mountains, the plains, the
wooded canyons, the forests, lakes and streams, and the
great va riations that are wrought in t4e seasons.
• It is true children quickly take these things as a
matter of cour·sc from the manellous breaking of the
dawn, the sun rising over the distant buhes, the mirages
with. their miraculous changes woven with warp of purple sky and woof of shadowy clouds to the sunset over
th e hazy-blue mountains far away .toward the sea.
It is not that th ey fa il to see and un consc iou~ly ap-
preciatc these things. A girl of 12, one afternoon, sat
gazing dr·camily at the Lovejoys, far down below in the
broad valley. " I could look at them for hours," she
said, simply. "'fhc shadows change every minute and
the colors arc so wonderful. I don't want to go there
when the oth ers go. I want them forever to be !l mystery.''_
This is the ''stuff of dreams'' of the poets. The child
is wise enough to avoid disillu~nment, and she will not
go behind th e seenes and find . tawdry tinsel and prunella. 'l'ht• r,ovejoys will ever r emain her land of mystery. For her there are cities and seas and mountains
and marvellously wrought castles and ships.
For the children of Llano there is little restraint.
Out of school hours they have the minor tasks incident to the housohold ·d uties, · but life is mostly free- .
dom and joy.
A .common sc{'ne is a dozen young boys, usually
with old er leaders, blankets and packs across their ·
shoulders, off for a two dnys' hike in the mountain
canyons, wh <·r·<· th(·y make c·nmp beside the streams
and live in thrir· own way, unrestrained.
Those boys ha vr nn opopl't unity that rarely or
never falls to th e Jot of town hoys or country lads in
a seattcr·p<J or· isolated d istri(·t . Tirey r ide, hunt, tis~
I
�The WesteTn Comrade
J6
A Hiking Party at Llano.
"Photograph this pie, it wilt soon disappear forever.."
Pictures by
Children Lead a Life of Joy and
•
Where a Part of Education 1s to
Wading and Swimming ls a Source of Continuous Delight to the Youngsters of Llano Colony.
�The We.s{ern Comrade
"Hi tellers! come on (shivers) the w-w-wate r's fine ." · (Temperature about 55°. )
at the Llano del Rio c ·o mmunity
Give Happiness Full Expression
Posing for '!'heir Photos Is One of the Easiest Things Llano Community Children Do.
I
�11
The Wester n Com rade ·
swim, play baseball, basl!:etball, tennis and other
games that the more favored class of youth of the
cities never enjoy. They have countf"' life an d city
opportunity for education and amusement. The girls
have equal opportunity for freedom a1;1d enjoynient of
life.
"Everywhere I look, out of a window or door, here,
I see a gr·oup of barefoot children wading in water
and it" is the most delightful thing about_the place,"
said a woman visiting at the colony.
The differenee between the life of these children
and that of the hundreds of thousands of children in
tht• mines, mills, faetories, canneries and establishments for exploitation of the little ones, is the most
striking to those who have haq an insight into the
curse of child labor.
Next fall the colony will have the first of its new
sehool houst•s and there will 'be vocational departmen',s
t·stahlished. T-he schools will then range from the
1\1 ontessori gradP to thl' second yeat· in high school.
'l'ht> eommunity will hav e the second Montessori school
in ('alifornia. l'rudc·nec Stokes Brown, widely known
us writt•r·, SJWakt·r and Pducator, will have charge of
this new school. She has had wide experience in the
work and has a thorough lmowledge of the Frobellian
systl'm. If<'t' intlurnc<' on tlw children of the Llano
community will begin before their birth and will take
tlwm through thl'ir earli!·r ehildhood and up to the
time shl' turns th r m O\'l'l' to her assistants in the regular srhoo lroom. Comrade Brown is now taking a course
undrr the personal direction of 'Dr. :Montessori, and
thr (·olonists deem it an exceptional opportunity to
tart thPir. ehildt·cn undct· the wonderful system establishl'tl hy the hc!ovrd "Dotoressa," whom the Italian
l'hildt·pn itlolizP.
'' You will brreu a new race up 'here-or you
\
should,'' said a woman who has made a deep study of ·
child life. "You have the opportunity, and I belien
the parents will see the possibilities. The first thing
I would do would be to teach the mothers how to dress
Gentry P. McCorkle as the Pied Piper of Llano.
thr children-or rather how to undress them, for they
all wrar too much clothing. The clothing of these
youngsters could br simplified, and made more brief
and beautiful.''
The children seem to agree with . this idea, for they
wear the least possible when the opportunity comes.
'l'he appearance of the landscape at Llano shows a
distinct change each month. The cleared fields and
growing crops that replace the greesewood and chaparral makes an inspiring sight.
With the purchase of the 'l'ighlman and the Elfiii.Je
ranches the, colony gets possess1on of a thousand additional acres of land, undisputed posession of the Big
Rock dam site, the tunnel , about ':ffiO additional acres
of producing alfalfa fields, a large orchard with a
heavy crop of fru it, range cattle and other live stock,
and water rights worth a great de.al to the community.
Nearly the entire acreage has been cleared on the
Goodwin ranch. 'l'he garden and .alfalfa on that place
is in suprrb condition. The Dawson place, 160 acres,
is all cleared and planted . This is one of the finest
pieces of land in thr colony.
The apricots in se,·eral orchards are ripe and they
:lre bring canned anri takl'n care of hy the women of
the colony. Mueh of thr frnit will he put up in syrup,
made of Llano honry.
Four g'ronp'l of 100 <"Oloni!'s of hres have heen
addPd to thr rolony apiary. This rlrpartmrnt is under
thr dirrrtion of R. r.. Hnrdirk. Onr of the apiaries
�The Western Comrade
will be used for the production of Italian q-ueens.
P. A. Knobbs has a score of men w~g with him
in the garden. The vegetables are growing rapidly,
and there are 80 acres in one garden, without a weed,
or an uncultivated inch of ground. There will be
about 120 acres in the garden. Comrade Knobbs bas
one 17 -acre piece in potatoes from which he expects
to get 4000 sacks of potatoes. These potatoes will be
dug early in July and the ground will again be planted.
There are 80 "regulars" taking their meals at
the Cluhhnuse dining-room. Saturdays and Sundays
about 120 persons are served at each meal.
Rapid progress is being made in the construction
of the sunbakrd day brick houses. These houses are
painted with a heavy coat of asphaltum and then
whitewashPd. They make a neat appearance, are cool
and airy in the summer, and wilf be dry and warm in
the winter. Thi~ r·onstruction is a remarkable achievenwnt for Comrade C. 11. Srntt, who will soot1 be complf'tin~r tlw houses at the J'at e of one a day. The cash
outllly for eac·h hou se, rompletl• and r('ady for .ocr·upanr·y , is a('t ually ]('ss than the cost of a tent of the
~ame sizP, laid down at th e eolony. Th ese houses ~rre
!'Onsidl'rrcl tempoJ·ary . hut they arc so substantially
huilt that th('y would last many years. A new pug
mill. or po\\'Pr mix r r, has just heen completed for the
hrirk yard. The new limf'kiln has been put into operation.
Mrmhrrs who have moved into the colony dnr-
1
dren, Fresno; Louis Ernst, Los Angeles; Oliver Lutan, San Pedro ; Albert Cook, formerl!y a member of
the Ruskin colony. ·
Mr. Cook made the trip frQlll .l\}aska to inve ti-
"Choosing Up" for a Basebali Game.
gate-he stayed and took out a membership in the
Llano colony.
D. W. Rooke of Los Angeles has been making ar.
rangements to bring his family to Llano to live.
Among the prominent visitors were J. Stitt Wilson,
Mrs. Wilson, their son Gladstone and daughter Violet.
The colonists were given a Jtmsical treat Tuesday
evening when Gladstone Wilson, by special request,
.gave some selections on the pi~o . Another well known visitor in Llano recently was W. J. Yarrow of
Dudley, Kern County, geologist and lecturer. Mr.
Yarrow gave an extremrly interCRting forty-minute
talk Sunday evrning.
Alterations are being made in the library to make
it larger and more shelves are being put up to accommodate the 250 new books which have come in.
This makes nearly 1000 books in the Llano library.
Two consignments of hooks recently received have
been the second shipm<>nt from Comrade Adolf Lofton of Low Gap, W aRb .. and from Dr. A. J. Stevens
of TJos An~eles. The eoloniRts have extended their
thanks to these two eomrades.
Fruit season has opened. Many women and chiling the past two weeks to make thei:- homes are a
dren are l•usily f> Ngaged pi cking apricots. The garfollows:
1\fr. and 1\[rs. E . D. Brown a.llld five children, Ker- den is supplying wgetahles. Another two.ton-to-theman, Cal. ; ~fr. and Mrs. William L. Ward , thr('<e chil- aere alfalfa rrop is being cut .
�The Wester
Co
rade
Our· ·I"'
Unctious Hookworm
By G. E. BOLTON
N ow
we know what causes poverty . and, armed
with this knowledge, humanity has but to go
about it to destroy the cause and all will be well with
the world.
I
It is admitted poverty is responsible for a vast preponderance of preve~able sickness and of crime, but
tho11e are things caus by poverty, and now we are to
deal with the cause of p erty.
.
What is poverty 1 Let Carlyle say: "It is to live
mis1•r·ahle we know not why; to work sore~and ye~ gain
nothing; to he heart-worn, wea~y, yet isolated, unrelatNl, girt in with a cold, universal laissez-faire."
Greatest of all horrors hred by poverty is fear. Fear
of hunger hrings far greater suffering than hunger.
F1·ar not for one's self, hut for their lov:ed ones. Fear
IUH.I dr!'ad of want seizes the worker and renders him
weak and hopc•less. Enough of this-we know the hell
of it all-the· Pssenee of poverty, the dread of want!
The Hoekefeller I<'oundation experts have discovc•r-Pd tlw c·a11sc of poverty and to end suspense we hastl'rl to say it is the hookworm. There you are: Get
rio of your hookwo,·m and- presto! You are in affluPn<·P. If' you don't hcli('Vl' it go to the foundation's
hoohwonn d!'p:Jrtmc·nt at thr Panama-Pacific Exposit ion and s<•e for :vour·sell'. Th e fart there are 15,000,000
JWt·sons in tlr<' Pnitrcl Statr.<; livin g in direst poverty
would indicntc• that tlH•rr is surely a great need for the
Ho<·lwfellet· Foundation and its corps of experts, which
sr!'m to havr confin.ed its efforts to giving a shot of
thymol to a few hundred Georgia crac]{ers and making
thp (']riJdrrn sound and wrll enough to go down from
thr hills to thP rotton mills where there m·e no hookworms, and , of eourse, no poverty.
Thr rxposition i~ a c-apital plarr to educate children
of nll ll!Jt'.. An exee)lrnt ar·amgrment to soothe th!'
feelings and the con eienee of the bour~i and iv
the masters an opportunity to show their philanthropy.
Benevolent feudalism is lavishly dispi8J ed.
Every week thousand of ebool children pa
through thiS Rockefeller booth in their tour of til
educational building, and they tare morbidly at tb
wax figure of hookworm victims then read th 1 gends: "Types of poverty eau ed by hookworm " and
similar stupid or vicious inversions of the truth.
I saw hookworms of five nationalitie before I knew
that they were the eau e of poverty. The e were in
glas tubes at the Angt>l I land d etention ho pitnl. In
an adjoining room were the former owners of the hookworms. They were Japanese, Chinese, inga.le e, Hin-·
dus and Russians. 'Each had a different type of hookworm, hut the samr brand of poverty-for all wer
poor. Their po,•erty was similar to that of the Georgia
crackers.. They we1·e too poor- before th thymol op(•ration-to be admitt<>d to America. Presumably, the
cause being removed , they now will be permitted to
land.
They used to tell us that boo~c was the cause of
poverty, but Science marches on and on and makes new
discoveries every day. .
The hookworm is a miserable parasitr that fastens
its<>lf to the smaller intestines of proletarians, who arc
to? poor to huy shoes-for the worm travels through
open sores on the feet to the blood, through the heart,
lungs, thence to the throat, thence· hy indigestion to tho
intrstines.
Here we leave the remainder of this article to you.
The aJ.?plication is almost too obvious. The hookworm
of capitalism is sapping the life of this nation and
of nations of the world; amh.the greatest of thrm nil
is-the great unctuous Foundation Maker himself!
Punctured Ora tory
H
(j)'N soft and <;oothing to th e cultured ear comes the
gentle pleadings of that refined evangel and apos1)(' of weetness, Rev!'rend Sunday, when he reaches his
loftiest flight<;! The clas icism of tltis scholarly man
~honld INHlnll intPllPl'tllals along a broad, hright path
to tlw JWnt·l:v gntPs. ·who eonld re i t this description
of an hi. tot·i!' e\·t>nt in the lift> of a hepherd who became
a king:
\\'hpn DnYid got to tlH• hattlefi!'ld he .:aw Goliath.
'·Who·,_ that hi!! iohstt't" ! " Jw a!'kt.>tl. His brothers said.
"Why. h1·· the mnin dH•est• of th!' Phili tine ... ·Da,·iJ
said: ' 1 Are you guys going to let that stiff pull a bluff
like that? · Are you going to let him get away with itf
I'm going to it .
''
And he whirled his sling and soaked Goliath on
the coco, between the lamps-bing! The giant went to
the mat and took thr count. And David took his RWord
and chopped his block off, and the gang heat it.
Is it any mystery that thou..sands seek the throne
of !!race when th!'y h!'ar such suhlime flights of or·atoFy
and such wonderful interpretation~; and comp lliug
portra~·al! Trnl.'· the cultu rPd East is the most favored
. e!'tion !-E. d'O.
�The Western Comrade
21
Filling ;the Dinner Pail
By A. W. RICKER
A
RETURN of prosperity Is to the capitalist and middle class as the light of the Grail in the swamp; their
hope of salvation. To them the elusive goddess Gold seems to beckon and they assiduously court her and
tirelessly wait upon her, fawning that thrift may follow. To the disemployed workers this so-called prosperity
means . a c hance for a new master-and bread for their loved ones. To the .prope,tandlst it means shot and
powde r for his gun; sinews of war to destroy a false prosperity that fattens the favored few and starves the muititude. Comrade Ricker's interpretation wilr meet with many supporters. Our sowing time will soon be at
hand.-F. E. W.
·
'
T
H E past twelve months from a business standpoint ha vc been very had ones. In the spring
of 1914 hard times began to he felt on all sides. lt
\\'?.S appar·(•nt that we were in for Oile of those p eriods
of deprrssion which arc inevitable under the present
system of l'Ondmting the world's .business. On top
of this in .July, 1914, the great war broke out in Europe , further· depressing trade and r edu cing er:nploymrnt. As an inevitable r esult, the past winter has witnrssed th e t:r·uele~t poverty an<l misery :Hnong the
wage-workers this !'Olin try has experienced in half a
century.
Dur·ing such a prriod progressin' ideas and constructive economic mrasures have no chance for a
hcar·ing. Hungry rnrn and women ha\·e no in ce ntiv.~
to study and think-mnf'h less to act intelligently.
\Var depresses thr puhli e mind and \\'hil e TJatioJ'S arc
shedding each other's blood progress is at an end.
At the general election of 1914 the inrvi tahle happ ened. In every State of the (Tnion, with one ot· two
rxceptions, the old gang of pol it i('al looters returned to
power·. A great many laws favoring big business have
heen put on the statute hoolts. We were powerless
to prc·Yent it.
This cloud, however, has a silver lining.
With greater profit<> assur·etl, capital is coming
out of·hiding. The railroad~. assur·ed of high er ratP-s,
will p lace big orders for ecpiipmrnt, so long and so
badly needed . Europe has shot away her copper, her
nickel and her steel. She has lost the markets, or
cannot take car~ of them. in South . America and the
Orient. A r~vival of business in this country is apparent, and on a scale greatrr than we have ever witnessed. Mines are starting, shops are opening, and
the big corporations are laying plans for extension
of equipment. · The dinner p11il is going to" be full
again, and the working man will have more money
with which to buy lit erature. He will haYe. time to
think, t o agjtate and to Or!!anize. Not only timr, hnt
_ inclination as well.
It is up to us who belir\·e that industry should he
owned by all the peoplr instead -of by a few ·barons
of wralth . to make the utmost u sc of the good timrs
ahead of us. Let us prepare to make hay while the
sun shines.
A few years of full employment and high prices
are a head of us. 'fhen will eon'!e r eaction and depression once morr. Radical and progressive ideas and
organizations grow and .d ew lop in good times; they
dcrline and collap~e in bad timrs.
\\' e should goo ahead n~v \\'ith the idea of so ex-
- New York
J~venlng
Sun
BIL\ VE \\'OHK !
Many Women and Babies Slain
1•·nding Otll' Jll'op;wnnda a nd p!'rf'('('ting our· organizn 1ion during- th(• full :v<·ar·s, that\\'<' may he ahlc to take
over· from capitnlism th<· coutrol of industr·y when
1hP )pan yl'ar·s ('Orne· upon us one·<' more.
I
�22
The Western Comrade
The ~"' Dandy
Funeral
A Gay Young Parable
By MORGAN S.MITH
was a little wretch of a pickaninny yelT -HERE
low girl, and one day she died, and all the neigh-
Lily would then have stuck out her tongue at llCr
mother, and she would have gone. out and kicked all
bors said it was t oo good to be true, and Auntie the_neighbors' small' children while they were not lookThompson, little Lily's mother, said that little Lily had· ing instead of getting a club to enablt> her mother to
lived too lon g a!l it was, and nobody seemed to car<> if make ~ll the people come back to the funeral.
little J,ily did die.
But Auntie .Tnompson now had nobody upon whom
But thP twighhors all said that they now would have shr could depend to stic'k_out their tongue at her and
a dandy funeral and they would lake on as much as if to kick all the neighbors' small children while they
little ],iJy hadn't hecn the ·p?rse of the whole place were not looking.. Little Lily was dead, which was a
all her life. And Auntie Thompson said that she was 1hing that all the neighbors had said they hoped she
now in thP public eye, and something unusually Jine would be some day. 4\nd so all that Aunti e Thompson
would naturally he cxpech!d of one in her position. could do was to allow all the neighbors to leave the
~he said all the neighbors would now expt-d some
funeral quietly in:;tead of 1iurriedly.
unusually fine mourning of her. And so she ~a id tl:at
So Auntie Thomps<m then went into 1mother room
when the neighbors all eame to the funeral she W(juld and locked . the door, and little JJily remained where
then refuse to he separated from poor little Lily. She they had left. her. She had on her Sunday dress and
said that would be some unusually fine mourning, if the inside of the coffin was elean. She knew that a
she did say it herself.
suitable place for her Sunday dress would be down
So, when the undertaker stepped forward to a.':si<;t behind the mud bank where the small children of the
the pall-hearers to bear poor little Lily to the wagon, neighbors sometimes strayed. But she d ecided to stay
Auntie Thompson stepped forward, too. Auntie in the coffin where it was· clean although none. of the
Thompson stepped forward just exactly as the under- neighbors' small children ev<'r strayed into the coffin.
taker did, excepting that she. had a lar!{e knife and
And Thompson came home drunk late that night
he didn't.
and told Auntie Thompson that he had not been able
And Auntie Thompson said that if anybody took to get away to attend the funeral. of little Lily and
little Lily out of that i1ouse thPy woulJ do it over her then Auntie Thompson said that was all right because
tlPEtd body.
there had not yet been any funeral. She said she
']'hat, she said, was the way they wr.re doing their didn 't know when the funerJtl of little Lily would he,
mourning now. She said it was somethin g unusually she was )lure.
Then Thompson said that Auntie Thompson could
fine.
So then the unde!·takcr Raid that iJ' he ca n·ied lit- do the sleeping alone for one ~ght and perhaps two.
tle f,ily out over Auntie 'l'hompson 's dead hody it He said he was going some place else. So Thompson
would r equire quite a bit of <~xtra climbing in :-tadi-· t hen went out the back way which was the dark way,
tion to the fact that h£- might he called to conduct the and as he was failing to g'Pt l)ver the hack fence owing
funeral of Auntie Thompson, too, without tl•e bill be- to his hurry he said he ·would now sign a pledge never,
ing pai~ either.
to. celehrate th e death of anyhody again because it
So the undertaker then said that he would let it made it hard for him to get ·over the back fence.
go at. thnt and he t hen said that he would now go
But Auntie Thompson didn't do the sleeping alone
nway from the house r.nd not take AuntiP. 'l'hompson's for one night. She said that if Thompson' wouldn't
c.hild nway from hf !'. And ali the neighhors went stop dr1nking and wonldn 't stay at home where oth er
qutetly out through t hr door and let Auntie Thompson <'Orrect men stayed, sh e would r emain awake and move
have little IJily.
furniture from the position it had always occupied
If it had been :t fP.w days previous Auntie Thompson to a position more directly in front of the bedroom
would have told little f,ily to go and get a big club door.
and she would then see to it that the people didn 't
And after a while Auntie Thompson heard a noise
go away from the funeral before all 'the mourning was and she said that if little Lily was going to get out of
uently attended to in the correct manner. And little the coffin she would now get out of the window, as far
�The Western Comrade
as she was concerned. And wh-en she was outside
she said that she guessed that if her husband could
go some place else, she could go so7e place else too.
And so Auntie Thompson went some place else, without another word.
And when Auntie Thompson thought she had gone
far enough she came suddenly upon a tree and she
said she would now climb the tree. And when the
moon came up she saw something moving in the next ·
tree and when the sun came up she saw it was Thompson. And Thompson then asked her why she thought
she had to do everything tl:tat he did.
And the next day Auntie Thompson had to pay the
health . authorities two dollars apiece t~ come and
separate her from poor little Lily, and she said that
was more than the little brat was worth.
Lawson-Labo-r- · Libe rty
By
J
E D M UN D
B .
OliN R. LA \\"SON has been found guilty of murder
in the first degree and sentenced to life imprisonment. He bllcd no one, and he was not charged with
doing so; he is simply said to haYe commanded a body
of stril\ers in a hattie with strike-breaking shet·iff's
deputies in which a d eputy was killed . . When the
coal miners of Colorado, struggling for n. decent human
existence, were beset hy thugs in the form of mine
g-11ar<ls and state militia, he, as pn•sidrnt of the Colorado State Federation of Labor and member of the
exeeutiYe board of the United Mine 'Not·kers, urged
the miners to defend t hemsrlves ::tnd their families
in every way possiblr. Since the forces of law and
order were all on the other side, he was active in raising money to buy arms and ammunition for the defense that he :tdvised. lie may have been unwise.
Certainly, in fon·e alonr is no power of permanent
improvemrnt. Prrhaps he should not have lost his
temper at the sight of mrn being driven into veritable
slavery and women and children cursed and maltreated and mur dered in cold blood. But he did. He
was human. In !1is wrath he reverted to primal instincts. Because he was like the great mnss of man]; ind, berause his heart was not a heart of stone, hecause he was true to his tt·ust in an hour wlten fidelity.
was needed as never before, shall we say that his brow
!wars the brand of Cait{ 1 God forbid it!
ThatMand hrlongs to another-one whom future,
more eniightrnrd grnerations will regard as infamous.
,John D. RockcfeiiN. Jr., should cower in infinite dread
BR UM B
A. U G H .
from the righteous judgment of the God that he professes to serve. It was his greed that drove the miners
to revolt, and C)n his soul is every life lost in the tr6uhles that followed . Yet he has not been indicted, and
he will not be. H e may continue to teach his Sunday
school aud· leCture. on' mOt·als to the working class.
"Equality b<'fore the law!"
Thr striking mrners of Colorado fought· bravely,
from Lawson down to the humblrst man. But though
they did, and though their cause was just, it must not
be forgotten that thry rrapNl in the strike and the
trial' what they sowed at the hallot box. They voted
for supporters of ·an industrial system based on the
robbery and suhjrction of r,ah01·, and their strike has
heen broken and lmwson must spend the rest of his
days in prison unless his attorneys, in conjunction
with public opinion, arl' powcrful .enough to set him at
liherty. They "seahhrd"
thPir· ela~s on election
day, and thrir· a~pirations ha\·c heen crttshed. 'l'hey
refused to accept the emanripating ·message that Socialists brought to them, and more firmly than ever is
"th<· iron her!" fixed on their necks. Upon their
stupidity_rrsts the hlame.
But I am hopeful. Only through constant toil and
prodigal rxpenditurc of life ::tnfLtreasure, has progress
rvrr come. The birth of the new social order cannot
hr a painless one. Some day Labor will learn. Tt will
tahr 1he world and its wealth and the joy lying latent
therein.
Then will he Socialism.
on
Keep Up the Spade
W
liE~
t.he, soldiers fighting in the" trenches on
1he l<~rench frontier wish to establish a truce
for sanitary purposes they hold aloft a spade and the
'' enrmy'' readily responds in a similar manner, and
soon t hr mrn m11y be sren elirnl•ing out of the trenches.
.-\t 1imrs thry come close enough to exchange goodnahl!'rd hnntering with each other. By these exchanges
of nrdl' rourtesy the fighting men of the Allies and
th e Gennans learn that their "foes" are human and
much like themselves. After that the firing is desultory
and ineffective, though the officers, whose duty it is
to keep alive the hatred they have fostered, rage and
storm.
Ameriean correspondmts who report this situation
drclare it is necessary to change the men in their position and frrquently shift them to other trenches in
�24
The Western Comrade
order to keep the brute upper:most in the fighters. Socialists of Europe, on both sides of the struggle, are
spreading a cry that may be farfeaching and most effective. They shout: ''Keep up the spade ! '' and the
slogan grows in strength and in meaning. a~ it spreads.
A truce between the toilers of all nations !
Will the workers of the world, either on war's goey
field or in our daily hell of capitalism, ever ' learn to
cease fighting each other and, keeping up the spade,
turn on the common foe ?-G. E. B.
Is It Practical?
.,
By
CARL
H
D .
OW is Soeialism to come '/ How are you going to
hriug it ahout '! Wh at is your program?
These arc questions constantly in the' minds and
011 tlw lips of a great many very sincere people.
Th e
Bot·ialist l\1ovcmcnt has JIDW rea<;hed a point of tl·~
velopment wh ere they may be a~swered with a consitlerahle degree of 1:xaetn~ss and detail. vVe propose
to givP 1hPm car·<•ful and <:an did consideration .
Ami, hesidPs, tllPS<· qu est ions often take the form
of sin<·<:rc· and serious ohj!'etions. lt is' often held that
Sol'ial ism may offl'r a t·o r-rPet analysis of the present
social or·dcr-that it may be a very beautiful ideal;
hut it is impractical; it offers no <:onstructive program.
Furthermore, the person who prides himself upon
being a practical reform er holds that he <:annot afford
to join the Socialist Party and vote the Socialist ticket,
because the Socialists can do nothing to improve conditions now. And, as he thinks that certain "reform"
parties, or perhaps go me ''reform'' wing of one of the
old parties, is going to hr_ing about certain improve-
THOMP SON
m~nts
right aw·ay, he prefers to stay a non-Sociau:st.
It is, therefore, of vital importance to make it clear
and· positive that the Socialist Movement does have
a constru ctive program; that it does have a very definite and detailed program of procedure, which its representatives follow eonsistcntly when elected to office.
lt is impor·tant. to have it clearly understood that,
while Sotialism has a final goal, of which it never
loses sight in· the ~;trug g l e for immediate and temporary gains, it do ~s· not, therefore, fail to fight stubbornly.
as we shall sh.ow, arid at times very effectively, for
every measur·e that. ·w ould improve the. immediate conditions
't h e common people.
No one. need be afraid of the bugaboo of " throwing
away your vote." Every vote ior Socialism has its
effect for good at onee.
In more ways than one is it true that it is better
to vote for what you really want and not get it just
y<'t than to vote for " ;hat you don't want an(! get it
immediately.
of
Mother Earth
By
RUTH
LEE
STEVENS
Will you listen, oh, ye toilet'S 1 to the message of thr sod. •
For, when earth to thee hath spoken thou hast heard thl• voi<·e of God!
Mother Earth is breathing, breathing, Have you .slumbered on her breast 1
Have you known the peace and comfort,
And the sense of perfect rest,
That is had hy simply lying
With your pillow on the sod,
Snuggled down to l\T other Nature,
Your heart heating close to god 1
For 'tis only in th e hlJ.I tops,
By th e rushing mountain stream,
You ean seale the wondrous ladder
.Taeob saw in ancient dream,
Leave your burdens all behind you,
LPt thrre not be any strife,
And hy dint of patient climbing
You shall reaeh the ·" Gate of I,ife."
Mothrr· Barth is resting, resting,
Are you tired and weary, 'too?
Would you like to have the blessing
'fhat is now in store for you Y
J,eaYr the City's din of hattie,
Quit it;; nbisome strife for prize,
W onderous wealth for you lies waiting,
'Neath the azure of tHe skies!
l\Toth r r Earth is calling, calling,
\\'ill ~'O ll hea rkrn to her call?
She but '"aits to give the blessing
I-f,..Jd in store for one and all.
God made land for all his children ,
Not for grredy landlords' gain!
" Sell it not," he saith-forever!
Oh! his words are very plain.
�The Western Comrade
26
lmpeac);lment of Capitalism
By J. STITT WILSON
P
REACHERS of the gospel frequently urge indi- teaching of Jesus and declare that capitalism is a
vidual salvation as an answer to the social prob- menace to every purpose and program of the Christ.
lem. Let me state with utmost empha&is that no indiAny man or chur._ch which professes to offer the
vidualistic spiritual experience can lift you out of the word of God to: the ·souls of men and yet leaves the
social and economic relations of the social system in American plutocracy in the saddle on the backs of the
"·hich you live. There is no religious experience, no pe~ple is deludjng tlie .people. Any church in this city,
spiritual vision of God, as proposed by mystics, or · or any · city, which at this late date
'still at peace
:\fethodists, or Christian Scientists, or Salvationists, or with capitalism is a moral and spiritual tomb. The
:Illy sort , whieh ean rclrase you from the grasp of
socialization· of i.ndustry-democracy in fundamental
<'(·onomic relations.
equipment of soeif'ty-in 'short. Socialism is the logic
l impf'nt!t eapitalism ~s thr supreme anti-Christ of of Christianity. And here I took my stand long ye~rs
modrrn timrs. l tal•e my stand on life and spit·it and ago.
is
Is Your Conscience -Olear?
By
T
~1
I L A T UP P E R
11 igltlllt<: n· in Etii'Opte among our bi·othl'rs <tilt! •·omra<les should set us all searching our
i11most hearts to sl'<' if rach has donr his part in efforts
to make this kiut1 of nhominntion forever impossible.
·what can we do ? Thr most sure and effective
\\·a~· is to strcngthPn the Socialist organization in your
pa rticulat· locality.
Docs this seem an nnti-elimaz 9 "\ prose,v way to
meet heroic issues 1 Perhaps; hut it is the tru~ w~)Y,
nonr the less. .Tnst so long as the peopl e do not know
hrtter than to tolerate war in industry (competition ),
the~· will have to endn.re or always be in danger of
mreting that other murderous warfare with machine
guns.
I IE gktstly
MAY N A RD .
uo yon w-ant 1his de" illy nightmare, this unbelievable horror eal)ed war to vanish? 'rhen work the
harder to overthrow that more cruel, long-drawn-out
torture, Capitalism . .
Going to business mertings when your back aches
and you would prrfcr to go to bed; distrihutffi.g -bills,
ut>tting subs, talking . tactfully and persistently for
th e making of new converts, paying dues promptly
and meeting all the expenses of the party as surely as
,vou do the groeer,v bill-thr~e ar e some of the prosey,
hut very real and sure, ways in which you c·a n help
m:1 ke ,\·ar forever impossible.
You have the choice at this hour-a drone or an
adive worker in the hivd
The Fighter
By
M A R G·U E R I T E H E A D
Just before the battle rages
You may hear his . wild huzzas;
But through all the ancient story
There is but a butcher's glory
In the war each fighter wages
For the bloody monarch, Mars.
"
Shall the lure of printed pages
In our youth vile lust instill?
Shall the sanguinary hero
With the instincts of a Nero,
Who has plied his trade for ages,
Teach our children how too kill?
Still on battle-fields' broad stages,
With his brazen, villains' roles,
He is dealing death .and plunder,
While behind · machines of thunder
Stands the gory fiend ·who gauges
Guns to rend his brothers' souls.
Just before the battle rages,
You may hear his wild huzzas;
But through all the ancient story
There is but a butchers' glory
In the war each fighter wages
For the bloody monarch, Mars.
�T e
I
e t eT
Co
,.
EXIC
Read the Correct Interpretation of Underlying Motives in the
Most Remarkable and Valuable Book of the .Year
The Mexican :People-•
Their Struggle for Freedom
. -ByL. Gutierrez de Lara and Edgcumb Pinchon
•
•••
Eugene V. Debs sa.ys:
' ' • • • It is written from the po4lt
of view of the working cla.ss, the tillers of
th e soil, the producers of the wealth, andshows that through all these centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpose of
Pmancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
on e _h and by the Roman Church and on the
other by ~.he military power."
•••
Georgia
Kot~,r,h
sa.ys :
"• •
• It strips the glamor of
IH'nevolent motives from the dealings with
.\Texico of the United States and other countl·i c and presents the stark truth that
American and 1vorld capitalism has been,
and is, in leagm. against the proletariat of
.\fexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master ~;lass is depicted
a the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
hi. tory. tlte ocialist will see that the story
of the .\I tican proletariat is in greater or
'"' · degree and in varying circumstances t he
.·tory of the proletariat in every country."
'
...
DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
.Price $1..50
th'
book and The Western Comrade for one
sear tor
oo
a ·fine of f rom
both ar to be ubmitted
sage. One. mea u provid
-death penalty f or t re
on t h
This plan follow
ht>els of t h l.J. . uprt>me ourt dt.>·
cision upholding th right of a l'uilway official to force an mploy t
_withdraw from a union un r t h
laws 'of Kansas .
Will See th
Modern Methods
"How mlfny head o ' live stock you
got on the place 1"
" Live Ato ·kT" echoed th som •
what pu;r,zled -ra.rmer. " What d' yc
mean by live stock T I got four
steam tractor11 and 11ev n automobiles.''
Fair Hint
"Kate!"
"Yes, motber."
"If the milkman •bould emne
while you and the young man are
'!ittinl{ out there, please tell him to
lean- an f>Xtra pint of milk in the
mornin~."
Today wouM tp~• a good tim~: 1:6
subserihe for the \\"F..f>JTERX 00~
HADE. •
baU a dozen tempting
eombination ofrerw our ad.-mmn4J
m
eo1ulllmJ.
i
tart
. The Wall treet Journal tri to
rebul<e Jane Addam f r saying
" nothing can be s ttled by for . "
The brilliant editor asks about
'·'slavery " and, Am rican indep ndence. '' The facts are against him.
Slavery was not settled by th war.
It has net been abolished. As for
independence-that is another myth .
1-Iowt>ver, if the W . S. J . and it
masters, who are such warm X·
ponents of force, want things 8 ttled
hy force, th ey are in a fair way t o
see the start of it. ·
�n
The Western Comrade
"Unto the Third"
(Continued from Page U)
I"'
of lobster pate covered with a delectable dressing, the privy pride of
Gasby 's private chef, Jean Coret.
Now comes the nub of the story.
Gasby's butler got 10 per cent.
Gasby 's chef got nothing-outside
his regular perquisites. Gasby's groceryman got what he could make out
of it. The latter gentleman did not
have, to the full complement the
amount of imported lobster ord~red.
.;o he substituted some of Gasby's
lohRter-car.efully removing the domestic Ia be Is and affixing the foreign.
Now it may have been <1asby's
lohster. prepared b.y "efficient"
though hrow-beaten "hapds,'.' that
offered a fine free lunch for those
ptomaine germs, and it may not have
hern . The fact remains however
that innumerable of the de~dly germ~
were found by a reputable chemist
in the rPmains of the pate.
G!Hdys died, as did one other child ;
and sP\'cral yonngste1·s who partook
of the tid-hit herame violently ill.
Thrse question arise: Is Gasby's
hutlPr !I vi llain Y Is Gasby's chef a
villain T Is Gasby's groceryman a
vi~lain T Is Jiiillll_ie ~'Hara a viilam f Is Mrs. Junnue O'Hara a
villainess f
The American· Socialist
Vale! Saint Anthony
Socialist Party of Amenca.
Official Orgu of the ·
Saint Anthony Comstock who
The American Socialiat apealu
has had charge . of the morals of
•
·with
authority. It ia a powerful
the Universe, especially of New
York (are or is there anyT) bas .newa and propaganda weekly
been canned from his sdft place o~ .' and ia the only paper in the
the P. 0 . D . . payr~lL :Antliony United Statea which givea an
monkeyed with the art societies acc:ouiit of the offiCial buaineaa
and the artists proved him a com.
mon nuisance. ·Sic semper toJlla-· of the Socialist PartY. '
toes!-Il C.
Every Socialist. Every Studut of Socia-
lism sHou" ·.be a subscriber.
THE JONES BOOK STORE_.
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Headquarters for the best Socialist
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Send fifty cents in stamps or money
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•
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�T h e W e s t e·r n C o m r a d e
THE
WESTE~N
C9MKADE
not succe('d in electing to office effi- ruption of men, in .the loss of leadcient representatives of Labor who ers, in the betrayal of Labor, in the
remain faithful to Labor. Even suspicion and dil!trust engendered
Entered aa second-class mattel"" at the
post omce at Loa Angeles, Cal. t'
when 'card men' are elected to of- among the rank and tile; in the
1124 Higgina Building, Loa Angeles, Cal • . fice, they have not the political in- weakening of the class spirit, and
dependence necessary to enable in the undermining of class soliSubacription. Price One Dollar a Year
them to fight vigorously the battles darity, the political methods of the
In Cluba of Four Fifty Centa
.
of Labor. 'l'hey owe allegiance to American Federation of Labor are
Job Harriman, Man'a ging Editor
capitalistic parties, political bosses so demoralizing that in time they
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
and individual financial· backers to may actually r.uin the Trade-Union
Vol. III
June, 1915
. ~o. 2 such a degree that ,thev: are forced Movement itself. ''
.
No 'o ne at all interested ~ the
sooner or later, eithe; to . betray
Hunter's New Book
Lab!lr .or to· relinquis~ a'ny · ambi- Labor Movement can read this book
OBEHT HUNTER has written an- tion they may 'have for a success- without keen interest. It is filled
other valuable book. For years ful i>olitical car~r. Third, the metli- · with argume.nt which is of the
the gu lf which has separated the So~ ods. do not develop self-reliance, in- greatest value to the social teacher
cialist and l1ahor Union Movements ·dep:endence and integ6ty in the L~t and agitator. One cannot . but exin the United States has been 1he bor Movement. Instead of wean-. press the hope that it will lead to
despair of Jn(tny members of the So- ing the working-class 'from its a · better understand~ng between
eialist Party. 'fhe Socialists have bondage to the · capitaiist parties, the political and economic wings of
oftc·n criticised the attitude taken by they faster more and mor.e securely the Labor Movement in America.
tiH· American Federation of Labor the chains which. bind it. to those. Ever.v Hocialist should study· it.
"Labor· in Politics," by Robert.
and its princ·ipal officers toward parties. They violate t he spirt't of
wo1·king-clnss political action. This Tmdcs Unionism and, while :Labor Huntef', published by the Socialist
criti cisn1 has sometimes been more struggles for industrial freedom, Party Na tiona!. Office, 803 West
hittpr· than it has been intelligent. these methods force it to rell'\ain l\farlison street, Chicago, Ill. Paper.
l{ohert 11 untcr 's criticism however in politic·al slavery: In the cor- Price 25 cents, prepaid.
is of' a different nature. '
'
With masterly logic, he shows the
untena hleness of 1\Ir. Gompers' position. lie shows how the political
policy of the American. Federation
of Labor· has conupted many of its
leadrr·s, has robbed Labor of somP
of' its ablest men, and has made t hr
Organized ].,ahor :Movement the
laughin g stock, the footba ll and the
tool of the Manufacturers' Association and its political henchmen. How
absolutely fi·uitlcss of results this
undignifiPd begging policy has been,
he proves hy a comparison of the Labor legislation of some of the countries of Western Europe, where the
workers enthusiastically support independent worl<in-class political action with the La hor legislation of the
United States. He quotes Gompers
himself as saying that the United
States "is no less than two decades
behind many of the· Europc•an nations in the protection of the life,
limh and health of the workers."
So incisive is Hunter's logic that
at times it turns the federation's
policy into ridicule without {.eally
aiming to do so. Hunter sums up
his case as follows:
"There are, as it appears to me,
THE PATH 01<' NEUTRALITY
certain main reasons for the fai lure
Uncle Sam: "Well, Mr. Death, don't think that I am
of the political )Tiethods of the A. F.
after the money. I sell you these things only because
of L. First, no two persons in t he
they will bring about peace sooner."
federation agree as to what those
A Germ an sh aft at L'ncle Sam's "commercialism ."
methods are. Second, the ~ethods do
Slmpltclsslrn us
~
R
1
j
�The We ,s t e T n Co ·r ad e
To Our Gunmakers
By
Fn~.n.k
H. Ware
UNHALTERED, you prey upon the
dead·
Smilingly you feast
On fast drying fields of blood.
Countless numbers lie slain
And bleached bones glisten in the
sunlight;
Enrapt with delight you gnaw
The flesh from precious bones.
Shoot ·capitalism
· · With a
Keen Diplomacy
Little Charlotte accompanied her
mothc•J' to the home of an acquaintance, wli<>J't• a dinner-dance was being g-i veu, say:;; the New York Times.
\Vlwn th1• dt•ssl'rt-('ourse was reached
t II(• li ·tie f.('irl was hrought aown and
f,!i\'('11 a plat·•• IH'Xt tO her mother at
t "" tahle.
'l' hr hosl!·ss was a woman much
given to talking, and, in r elating
somr inh•restiug incidents, quite
forgot to giYr littl e Charlotte anything to cat .
Af'te1· some time had elapsed,
('ha!'lottr. could bear it no longer.
With th r sohs rising in her throat,
shr held np her plate as high as she
•·nuld and said:
"Dors anybody want a clean
plate?"
Millie Had "Bitten"
She was a little girl and very polite. It was the first time she had
hPcn on a visit alone, and. she had
hl'cn carefully instructed how to behnvc.
"If they ask you to dine with
thrm," papa had said, "you must
say 'No, thank you, I have already
dined .. ' "
lt turned out just as papa l!ad anticipated.
11 Come along, Mildred,'' said her
little friend's father, "you must have
a bite with us."
· .
'' o, thank you,'' said the little
~?i rl with ditnity; "I have already
bitten.''
Our
Ama~eur
Players
lJano Link-·what wa the row
out froiit during the first cene,
Miket
Mescal Mike--The under tudy
nursemaid got excited and earried
- in the h eroine' baby when it wa n 't
due to appear until thrt>e years later
in the fourth act.
St~~eopticon
Anyone can lecture with the aid of pictures; they tell the
story, you point out the moral. Pictures draw 11. crowd where
other means fail. They make your work doubly effective.
We tell you how to get the greatest results at the least
expense.
•
·send stamp for complete inform~tion.
W. SCOTT LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street.
Los Angeles, California
Gen. Otis says editorially in The Times, 'of·
EVERYMAN
(By Luke North)
''If law and order; respect for conventions and property right&
are to be maintained in this land and its civilization continued,
publications like Everyman must be suppressed •. . . "
And again Gen. Otis says:
"Its lamentably brilliant pages pervert art to._ the cunning
uses of social disturbers . . . "-and also, says the General, still
speaking of Everyman :
"It is disturbing to mental stability."
Thank you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
fr·om the Los Angeles Times.-Luke.
EVERYMAN <Monthly>
Each Issue Has an Important Lecture or Essay by
Clare nee Darrow
Year $1 .50, Copy 25 Cents
516 American Bank Bldg., Los .Angeles
�The Wester
A
Co
ra.de
Question of the Pop
VISITOR at Llano waa accompanied by a wise, talkative and
pedantic friend. When they reached
a field of growing popcorn the visitor said:
"I never quite understood about
popcorn--"
"Why, that's simple enough,"
broke in the wise one. "The starch
polygons are of mch a natnre as to
facilitate expansion and render it
explosive in character; there is a
fracture of a particle along its two
radii, the endosperm swelling very
considerably, the peripheral portions
cohering with the bull, but the. fractured quarter<:~ turning back to meet
below the embryo-~'
"Yes, I reckon that's cight,·" interrupted the first speaker, "but
what J wanted to know is what
makes the blamed stuff pop!"
Our Own Atrocities
A transcontinental railroad is
!wasting that none of its trains was
ever suhmarined. This reminds us
that on the day of the Lusitania
tragedy a Santa Fe engine torpedoed
an elcctt·ic cnr in Los Angeles and
l<i ll ed hnlf a dor.en non-combatnnts
and wounded a score of others. No
warning was given and passengers
and crew went crashing down together.
This grade crossing tragedy was
one of the t housand similar annual
incidents showing the bar bari ties of
"peace" under a profit system t hat
means a perpetual and a diur nal
hell.
11
80
TE
llghey
p-to-date Info
The Socialiat Movement
The Lal,or Movement .
Co-operll.tion
Exploitatio~
W agee lllld Hours ··
Une-mployment
Cbild Labor
· Woman and Labor
lnduetrial Accidente
· Poverty
The High Coat of Li ·
White Slavery
Crime
Tbe Old Partiee
The Progremvc•
Syudicaliam
Concentration of W caltL
The Truate
Profits
Socialiats in Office
and many other things of interest t o Socialiete
and students-too many to 'mention.
.It has been compiled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and ia the moat complete reference book of that
character that has ever been published.
in flexihle clot'h.- 350 pages.
50 CENTS A COPY.
Bound
THE WESTERN COMRADE $1 PER YEAR
SPECIAL COMBINATION
We will send you THE WESTERN COMRADE for one y11ar and TH E
CAMPAIGN BOOK FOR $1.25. Address Clrc.wlatlon Departmen t, 924
H iggins Building, Loa Angeles, Cal.
T he T orturer
Doubt ram<' a-hegging; · and I bade
him wait;
Frd him. while sorry storie he'd
r('peilt.
H<> W<'nt. and left :1 cross upon my
gate-.
Thl' • ign that brought hi fellow
tramp, Defeat.
The British Columbia Federationi t
Room 217
Labor Temple
Vancouver, B. C.
$1.25 Per Year
Love on the Llano
'' ud do yon really love me,
G<'Orgt_' t' he a ked.
"f.;Ovt• you, ' repeated George fer\'W.ltly. ' Why, while I
bidding
• u good-bpe l t night, dear, the dog
bit a large ehunk out of my leg, anQ,
I n wr notieed it until I t home.."
luued Weekly
R. Par m Pettlplece. Managing E ditor
A labor paper unparalleled by any labor paper of Canada.
Endo111ed by the VletOrla Tnulea and Labor Counc:U MJ4
New Westml!Lster Trades , and Labor CounciL Otftcl.l.t
organ of the Vancouver Tnldea an4 Labor Counctl an4
B rltlllb Columbia Feder&tlon of L&bor. Tbe paper tor
Indwrt.rlal Unity, Political Unity, Stre""b an.cf VlctDJYI
U you do not take tbW paper you •hould aub8ct1.,_ ~,.1
Telephone Home A-4533
Home A-%003
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorne}IB at Law
A. J. STEVENS
9%1 Higgins BuHdiq'
3D.G South Bma4W'&7
LBs~.Cal
DentUt
Boom 514
X.O..
. "- 0.11..
�T h e ·we s t e r n C o m r a d e
31
Llano del ··Rio!"' Co-operative Colony
.
Llano, .C alifornia
Is the greatest Co= unity Enterprise ever launched
T HIS
In America.
' ·
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and is situated
In the beautiful Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, Callfornla, a few hours' ride from Los Angeles. The community
Is solving the problem of dlspmployment and business failure,
and offers a way to provide for the future welfare of the
workers and their families.
Here Is an example of co-operation In action. Llano del
Rio Colony Is an enterprise unique in the history of community groups.
·
Some of the alms of the colony are: To solve the problem
of unemployment by providing steady emt>loyment for the
workers; to assure safety and comfort for the future and for
old age; to guarantl'e education for the children In the best
scllool under personal S\lpervlslon, and to · provide a social
life amid surroundings better than can be found in the competitive world.
Some of these alms have been carried out during · the
year since the colony began to work out the problems that
confront pioneers. There are about 400 persons living at
the . new town of Llano. There are now more than seventy
pupils In the schools, and several hundreds are expected to be
enrolled before a year shall have passed. Plans are under
way for a school building, which will cost several thousand
dollars. The bonds have been voted and there is nothing to
delay the building.
Schools will open at the fall term with classes ranging
from the Montessori and kindergarten grades through the
Intermediate which includes the first year In high school.
This gives the publls an opportunity to take advanced subjects, Including languages in the colony schools.
The colony owns a tine herd of about 100 head of Jersey
and Holstein dairy cattle and is turning out a large amount
or dairy products.
There are about 150 hogs in the pens, and among them a
large number of good brood sows. This department will be
given special attention and ranks high in importance.
The colony has about forty work horses, a large tractor,
two trucks and a number of automobiles. The poultry department has 100 egg-making birds, some of them blueribbon prize winners. About 2000 additional chicks were
added in May. This department, as all others, is in the
charge of an expert and it will expand rapidly.
About 6'0,000 rainbow trout have been hatched in the colony's fish hatchery, and it Is intended to add several hundred
thousand each year.
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry and the
manager of the department says the arrivals are in startling
numbers.
There are about 11,000 grape cuttings in the ground and
thousands of decich:ous fruit arid shade trees in the colony
nursery. This deJ)artment Is being steadily extended.
The community owns several hund'ted colonies of bees
which are producing honey. This department will be increased to several thousands.
"
Among otQer Industries tt.e colony owns a steam laundry,
a planing mill, a printing plant, a machine shop, a soil analysis laboratory, and a number of other productive .plants
are contemplated, among them a cannery, a tannery, an Ice
plant, a shoe factory, knitting and weaving plant, a motion
pi~ture company and faetory.
'
The colonists are farming on a large scale with the use
of modern machinery, using scientific _ system •and tried
methods.
About 120 acres of garden has been planted. this year.
Social life In the colony ls mQst delightful. Entertt.!nments and dances are regularly established functions. BJa
ball, basket-ball, tennis, s-wiJimilng, fishing, hunting and
other sports and pastime are popular with all ages.
Several Jrundred ~ere~ are . n'ow In alfalfa, ;hlch if'
pected to run six cyttings of heavy hay tb.ls season.. •....
are two producing orchli.rds and about flfty•five acres
young pear trees. Several hundred acres will be , plant'ed in
pears and apples .. next · year.
·
Six hundred' and. forty .acres have been set aside for a
site for a city. The bullding department Is making bricks
for the construction of hundreds of. hom~s. The city will
be the only one ot Its kind j.n thE: world. . It will be built
with the end of being bea'utlfu,l and utilitarian.
There are 1000.membersl!lps· In the colony and nearly 600
of them are subscribed, for. It is believed that the remainder
wlll be taken within .the next few .p10nths.
The broadest democracy pre>vaUs in the management of
the colony. There is a directorate Ot nine, elected by the
stockholders, and a community commission ·or nine, elected
by the General Assembly-all perscms over 18 voting.. Absolute equality prevails tn ever:!!' resp'ect. The ultimate population of this colony will be between 5000 and 6000 persona.
The colony is organized as a corporation under the laws
of California. · The capitalization Is $2,000,000. One thousand
members are provided for. E;a.ch shareholder agrees to subscribe for 2000 shares of stock.
Each member agrees to pay $2500 and will receive 2000
shares of capital stock and a deed ·to a lot 50x100 feet with
a modern residence erected thereon. ·
Each pays cash ($750) for 750 shares.
Deferred payments on the remalnlng · 125~ shares and house
and lot are made by deducting one dollar per day (or more,
If the member wishes to pay more rapidly) from the $4
wages of the colonist.
Out of thE} remaining $3 a day, the colonist gets the necessities and comforts of life.
The balance remaining to the Individual credit of the
colonist may be drawn In cash out of tQe net proceeds Df
the enterprise.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn In cash.
Continuous employment Is provided, an'a'- vacations arranged as may be desired by the colonist.
.Each member holds an equal number of shares of stock
as every other shareholder. ·
Each member receives the same wage as every other
member.
In case anyone desires to leave the colony his shares
and accumulated fund may be sold at .any u .me.
Are you tired of the competitive world?
Do you want to get into a position where every hour's
work will be for yourself and your family? Do you want
assurance of employment and proviRlons for the future? Ask
for the booklet entitled: ''The Gateway to Freedom." Subscribe for The WeRtern Comrade ($1.1)0 per year), and keep
posted on the progress of the colony.
Address
C. V. EGGLESTON CO.
Fiscal Agents
Llano del Rio Company
924 Higgins Building
Loa Angeles, California
-.
�•
(
•
Is Yo . r Job Safe?
Hundreds .are safeguarding.themselves by joining the Llano del Rio Co-oper~tive Colony in
the Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County, ·california, where cl~mate and s·urto1nidtngs.are ideal
for an agricultural and industr~al community
This community is-doiiig constructive and
productive work in one of the most beautiful
valleys in Southern .California. The climate
and surrounding.; are ideal. The Colony was
founded and is conducted under the direct
supervision of Job Harriman, who has been
a leader in the
Socialist
movement in America
for the past 25
years. The Colony is solving for
its members and
their families the
serious problems
a n d disemployment and insecurity for the future.
Here is an example of COOPERATION IN
ACTION. '
There were originally one thousand memberships. Six hundred of these are sold
and the remainder are selling rapidly. Men
and women of nearly every useful occupa:
tion are needed in the community. These
men are folloWing the latest scieJit:"'
•"' ods in farming stock rais~ -dlle 1\l!.~
try production' • .
··.i.!g, dairying, poul.. ~ lceeping, trout hatching
and rearing, and other agricultural and industriaJ. pursuits. ·Social life iS most delightful. If you are willing to apply tne principles of CO-operation of which you have heard,
talked and read so.mm:h, here is your opportunity. Co-operation is a.practical thing and
must · be worked·
=,....----~~r-------,.:::!1 out in · a practical
manner. By this
method we can accelerate the great
world ~oveme\lt
toward the socialization of all the
sources of human
~e.
· Do you want to
solve your own
vexatious proplems and assist in this. great
enterprise? We want Colonists and we want
representatives who ca.n speak and write the
message of freedom. You ean make good
from thiS hour if you-will take hold and secure members. You can ma.!t~~ or~
tion work a pennanent businet~s. See the:.... - - J · " · n..J-- -~ .... _.,.,'"" lo of this ma. ........
:;~01) ._. •··- _ .... ony. vu p-w --~
zine, take advantage of your opportU!It\.y
and write for particulars.
Address C. V. Eggleston, Fiscal .- Agent ·
Llano del Rio -Com.pany
924 Higgins Build·4 tg
Los Angeles, California
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-06
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-06
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n02_191506
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n02
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d094f93ed391bfafb57f2cb8db005ab6.pdf
afe96b2ade62a5426f6b63ebef10ecd6
PDF Text
Text
�2
The W estern C omrade
EL
BOOTS .a nd SH
Factory· operated in connection
with LLANO DEL Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots .$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men 's 15-inch boots . 8.00 .
Ladies ' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 ..... . .. ... . 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 .. . ...... .. .. 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8';;2 to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11% to 2 . . ...... . 2.50
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above II·
tuatration. Pass tape
around at lines without drawing t ight. Give
eh:e usua lly wom.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor
Men
..
The famous Clifford Elkskin -Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement accordin g to in~tru ction s .
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order ana state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT .
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�::..................... +++t•+t•++++++++++++++++++t•+++++++++++++ ..... ........ ++++++ ++++4-++++++t ..........::.
.
~~~~~
!
i
i I
I I CONTENTS
II
i
+
;+
+
Ed itorial Comment.
By F rank E. W olfe . . .. . .... . Page
5
:++
;
By·Prod_l!ct of the Fight. B y Morgan Smith ..... . Page
9
l:
+
:
:l:
+
:
+
:l:
:l:+
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+
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Business-Legal' Stealing. B y William Th u rston
Brown .. . ... . .... .. .. . .......... . ....... . .. . Page 1 0
War and the Red Cross.
;
;
+
By Jam es P . Warbasse . . Page 11
;
+
l;
Must We Carry a Bundle of Hay? ............ .. ... Page 13
The People Are Soft.
+
I'
By Euge ne V. Debs ..... . .. Page 14
Soo~:,~:;'" fo: S~•k•" of So":"
By
;
G E Page l4
Colony Celebrates Anniversa r y . . .. . ... . .... . .... . Page 15 ,
~-
•l<
Scenes at Llano del R io Colony's Annual Cele ·
brat ion ..... .. . . .. . . ... . ... .. ...... . .... .. .. P age · Hi
~
;l:
Fellowsh ip in Work.
•l-
~
:~
~·
•l<
+
:~
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+
•l<
+
+
+
+
+
;
+
•l<
•l<
~·
+
+
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+
~·
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•!•
'.•
By Harvey Ar mstron g . .. . .. Page 19
Socialism Is Coming .. . .. . .
. . . . . . . . . ......... Page 21
+
Woman ( P oem).
By Ode ll T. F P-llo ws ...... . . .. .. Page 23
+
To Our St. Anthony (Poem ).
Slams at Shams . . . . . .. . ... . .. . .. .. ..... .. ... . ... !'age 25
The Temple of Gold.
By Rabi ndra n ath Tagore . . . <: Page 26
CARTOONS
~·
•!+
•!+
•!+
•!•
•!•
•!+
•!+
•!+
+
•!+
~·
+
~·
+
•l<
•!+
·:.
•!+
~·
+
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•!+
•!•
•:!<
I
Dy Chas. \V . \Vood . . Page 24
•l<
+
*
Murmurings in a F ield Hospita l (Poem). By
Ca rl Sandburg ..... . .... .. .. . ........ . .. . ... Page 24
One Year's Achievement . . ... . . .. .... .. . . ..... ... P age 28
•!+
;...
The Soldier Who Wouldn't . By A. Ne il L yon s . .. .. P age 22
+
.,.+
+
·:·
•!•
i
Prevention of Conception. By W illi a m ,J. Rob inson , M. D.. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ....... ... ... . . Page 20
His Protecting Saint .. .. .. : ...................... Page
4
Made in America .. . . .. . . .... ... . -. ........ . ....... Page
7
Modern Science and Prehistoric Savagery . . . . .. . .. P age
9
How Long ? .. . . .. . . ........... . .. . ..... . ........ P age 12
The Sultan "Over the Water" .......... .... ...... P age 22
•
ii
Ii
!
I
:
!
:
·:.+·,.......++·:.+·!·+.:·++·:.·:••!••:.•:.•l-•!••l-•!-•!•.:••!••}to!••!••l- ·l-•l-•!..·~·~·:.tt•·:+·:+·:.·l-+•lt{••l-·1-~.. +·:.·:.·:.·:.·:··!••!•++·:.~·!•4++-t•+++·l-+~++++++++++++++++
�4.
The Western Comrade
HIS PROTECTING SAINT
\Yilh elm: "Are :r.ou, too. comi n g to congratulate me?"
Death: "I do not co m e to congratulat _. you . hut to prostrate myse lf before you
and take your orders."
-Sucuo•. Va/parallo , Chi!.
�THE WESTERN CoM:iADE
Devoted
Political
Action
VOL. III
to
the
Cause
of
the
Workers
Co-operation
Direct Action
LOS ANGELES. CAL.• MAY,
Llano del Rio Colonists Chopping F'i r ewood b\" l "se of a Gasoline
NUMBER 1
l<~n glnl)
E D ITORIAL COMMENT
By Frank E. Wolfe
T
il EODOHE HOOSE\' ELT has dcnoum·ed tilt·
pr:wc mO\'l'Olf'llt or t liP Amrr·it·an WOlnl'D , headt•d by .J a Ill' AddamR, as ' ·silly and hasP." II f' dt··
darrel that tl1f' sympathizrrs with thf' movPment al' t'
in many, if not. all. instances, "physical cowanls" _
and declare<; tl!r~' adYI'c-nte prace "without rrg-ard
to righteowmrRs. '' ln a ldter written to a woman
who IHirl appealrcl to him this nmazing SPlltPnt·•·
ap Jwnr·s: 1 "Aho\·r :tll it is hasp and evil to clamor·
for· pPar-r in thP :thstra('t. \\·hrn silent·r is kf'pt ahout
l'Oncretc anti h~dr011s \\Tongs donc to humanity at
this Yt'T~' moml'nt."
Jlors P.oosevPit rdt·r to thP h ideous wrongs
clon r to the millions of disPlnployetl and hung-ry
worknr·s in :\mrri•·a ? DoL'S hf' J'Pfer to ·onr daily
war ~ IS it thc daily hell of the c·apitalist syRtrm hr
has in minct ? Has hr n thought for the \\TOngs donf'
to t lit• Yidims or Ho.·kL·fL•llt•l' in •tilt• ('olorado masS<'('I't•S '! :\'ot at all! That is why it is amazing. H e
iji t•OJll'rr·nprJ nhout thP outr·agl's in ~lgium-and so
n n· Wt'. But \\'{' sr r othl'r outnq~Ps and other wrongs.
Lt·1 liS quott• thl' Colorwl agnin:
"There is nothing rasi<>r, thPre is nothing on the
wlioll' lt•s;: \\·orth wliilt• f'ntt•ring into, than vague
and hystt·ric·al dt•marHls for right in tliP abstract,
eouph·d \\·ith the unworthy anti timid refusal even
to allndr to frig-htful \Vl'oJJgK that arl' at the very
moment c•ommitted in the t•on r rete. ''
ln this w e most ht•artily c·oncur·. It r·eminds us
that whil e h e was (Jo,·rmor of Nf' w York, Roose velt
Wl'llt aho11t prPa(·hing ahstrad ri g hteousneRs, while
th p contral'tors who Wt'I'P huil (ling' the Croton aqueduct Wl'r't' c·omm itting " frightful wrongs" against
tlwir· c· mplo~·f's. rdusin!! to c·omply with the State
�The Western Comrade
Lahor laws. When the conditions beeame ~nbear
ahll· tlw nwn were forced to strike. Governor Roosenlt pansf'd in his preaching about abstract righteOll'itwss Jon!! enough to !Wild the militia out to shoot
f)IJ\('11 a clozr•n or more of the workers.
+
to!•
+
A
S for· "physif·al c·out·ag-P," it sounds well from
:t man who puhiir·ly lwastl'd of shooting a fleeing: and urtarmed man in tht> hatk; one \\·hof'r great
:Jt· h if• l'l'fll<'ll!s h:t l'f• lH•t·n typified hy slrooting a
mot h1·r moniH·y in th(· jungle.
l'h,vsit·al c·ou r·ai!t'! Lt>t 's S('l' about that. Is there
110 •·oura~P sho\\'n hy thesP ~~·omen-hy all womrn
1rho n1·•· tl!t~ motht•t·s of' thf• n1c·p 9 LPt -:\Irs. Henry
Villar·d, "·llO trif's tf• o\'t'l'iook the lJOa<;ter's "had
tllllllllt'I'S, '' \\'!Jilt• pointitl:,! tllt'tll Ollt, hal'(' ('hanr:e :lt.
ltitll:
·' ( 'oloru·l Hnost·\·,. ]t 's d\'llUlll'iation of' tlw -\Yollllltl ·..., l't·a\·t· party f•omr•s with a had gnH·t· fron1 one
wflo is fflp JHISSf'SSOI' of tflt' ?\olde J>riZ('. \Ve aJl
know th:l1 it is tr'tll• th;tt militarism-uot pea(·P-is
Ito\\' tht• :ti:n ol' ltis :tllll1ition-v SOI'l'~· onr·, ind(·••d, in
l'it·W oft lrP Jll't'St'llt wnrld-:tg-on~· whi,.Jr -.;t irs t!H• so ul~
of :!II thnst• \\ ho lo1·t> thvir f't·llow ht·ings.
"~lr. Hoosf'l't>lt PX:dts ph,vsi(·tll hr:t\'1'1',1'- Slll'h as
tht> killing- of t>nPmiPs hPf'liiiSP of a tliffPrPnf·l' of
opirtion-ahon• lht> mo1·al f·o.uragP that scorns the
nst> of' llll'llllS so hasf' for any purpose \\·hf!ten·r.
"Has tltP \\'OI·Id sunk .;o In\\' that '"'' ('an not
hopt> to snhstitute for· thP 'doing of f'Yi] that good
nw,v t•omP' :111<1 'an ".V•' for· an t',Vt' lllHl a tooth for
11 tooth' the touehing dodrinP thnt \\'P must Jon· onr
Pllt>llli(•s an(l do good to thosp who JWl'SPt'Ut ,• ns ~
· 'ThP ht>I'Oi(' pfl'ort now !wing mndf' hy thr womPn
·of n II Nlllllt t•ips to rorn0 togpt hPt' at Thf' TlaguP, in
or·dl't' to I'X])l'Pss tlwi1· hol'l'OI" of thP lu·ntality of \\'Ill'.
is wol'thy of' all praisP. \\·orn('n arP far ~reat\'1' ~itf
ft'l'\'l's fl'ntll war t h:1n llH'll. and to•l:t~· th,,~- at'\' ,·oirin~~ p1·otP. t againRt it. a p1·otr'it that "·ill hr ht>ard . ··
:\lr~. ,\mos Pinehot. who is eha imwn ot' thr :\'pw
Yo1·k ht·:nwh of thr \\·oman·. Prare part~·. puts the
finishing ton<'h to the rphnkr whf'n she . nys:
'·That war is thr natm·al inf'vitahle r«'. ult of l'<'rtnin umlrt-standnhl<' faetot·s. nnd that tlw. r fador.
a
can be influenced by the pread of health~-, l'Ollstructive, humane ideas, and especially h~- the rt>alization of a spirit of world-citizen hip in politic and
in commercial relations, seems not to have occurred
to Colonel Roosevelt. In other word , war lun·ing
up till now devastated humanity and shattered t•ivilization, Jet us make no effort to unde r tand it
causes \vith the object of future preYention: let us
simply g_e t ready to fight, and let the women . tnnd
out of our way, because they can only hear children
and not arms, and when they organizt> to p1·otest
against war they f'Ome mH.lrt· the head ot · physi(·a l
(·owards, ' who' fpar death Ol' pain or discomt'n1·t ht>yond anything else.'
"It is exactly here that \romen find tlwit· sti'Oil!-{est warrant fo r protrst.' No woBHlll who has horne
ehildren can he c-alled a physical eoward. fpar·ing
d(':lth and pain he~·onrl an~· tlting t'!sr. "Xo, it· is not
for ourselves· that we fear, hut for the ehildren of
the whole world. fot· the futut·e of thr l'lH'l'. We
of the ·woman's Peace party arr trying to hrlp open
the first tiny wedg~· in the thi(·k walls of p1·,.judi('e
and JH·erP<l ent . to lf't hum:mit~· (•orne into its pl'Olni~wcl land of good faith ~111(1 intP mational ln·ot hrrhood.
"If we human brings OIH'P see that war is thr
f'Onsrqnenr·e of false idNls instPad of hPing 1'1 fatality
like an earthquakr. we sltall set to work to root it
out. likf' tnhcreulosis and other fliseases, all of tlte11t
(·onsf'f!lH'm·c·s of human ignoranrP, misundr1·~tandin~
n IHl passion.
"If this is futiiP, thf•n nil (·onst rudi\'P rfforts feit'
tht· IH·ttPrmPnt of human living arP also 'futile·. sill,v
antl hasP.' "
H
l':'\DHEDS of unhuri t·d hnfliPs of' l'it·tinL.; of !Itt>
dread typhus fi'HI' !if• in des1·1'tf'd houst·s in
Sen·ian f'itif·s. OnP t o wn has had on·r 2000 dt·aths.
J n YaljP\·o, wher" .\ ustr·i:m soldiers ht'ld thP town
for a time, the pr•oplt• l'P11ll'llPtl to thr·ir hom•·s to
find thPm infer·tNl. Suhstantially thP t·ntit·r• <·Ommunity i.· inYolntl in thr• fli.·f·ase and thf• fatality is
,-t·ry hi~h. En•1·.ndwrP tltt> ::!ra,·p digg1·rs 11r•· exhaustc•fl in .-ft'ort.· to kt•Pp up with t lw gh11stly
�The Western Comrade
,,·inro\\·s tl11·own hy tht> grim reaper. The armies
sp1·•·:t d th·· disease into th e remotest districts. Nontoml•a t ants. \Hllllf'!l and children are the most sus<·•·ptil,J ,. H!Hl thPy sn<·L·nmb hy the thousands. This
111'\\·s ,·omes aft<·r \\·eeks of suppression by the censo1·s. ~o"· a corps of ~\mrrican physirians are going
to E11rnJH' t.o usc Dt·. Plotz' nc\\· anti-typhus serum
in tl~t· distrid r<l\'il!!l''' by the disease. \\'ith the new
"''1'11111 tiH·~· hop<' to destroy the dn•ad bacillus typhi•·X:ill1l!t·tnHti,·i.
J>J"tz 's :i<·hil'\.l'llll'llt IS <li'I'I'Jltl'd b~· all the Pllll111'111 l•:ldl·l·i•Jiogish of the tountry . He is an
.\nwri•· :111 '"""II <tl!d ,.dtll·:ttt·d. l'ndL•r· the old s,vst1·1n tl~t· ltistorl;•n \H!tlld han• gin•n Yon Hindrnhurg
two J~<lgi'S and Plotz not n lin<'. The new systl'm
" ·ill intnlort;•li"" thl' Plntz•·s :tnd i!!IIOI'<' <it· rxeoriat e
till· 111lll'li<-l'<'l''i.
S
l'E.\1\L\' (; of <·Olll't'<'lc \\Tongs, what of the :W,OOO
ttiJII1<ltTi<'d \\'0111<'11 of England who \rill within
t hi' Jl(•xt few months lwtome mothrrs of nallldt•ss
l•:tl~t·s ' ]n Germany, Franee, Hussia aud other t0\111·
tri .. s n lih condition doubtless exist&. Acr·ording
tn •·altle dispatd1rs. wo1nc•n and girls follow thP ~wi
d i<'I'S on the marr· h a IHl are wrought up to a high
pitl'lt of emotionalism by the war.
.\nny doctors and clergymrn who arc studying
till' situation f•los .. Jy, dPtlare that vast numlwrs of
!!iris are nnclct· th<' inAurnec of a spec:i<•s of hyst<•ria.
'l'lt1·.Y t>Xpl'l'SS tltl' oj)inion that thl' \\"llli1Cil arl' :tttnll·t!•l] by the physi<·nl 1wrf•·•·tion aud the trappings
of tl11• soldiers.
\\'at·'s aft<Ttnatlt \\·ill hr most pleasant , hut \\'P
<;ltonld giH thong-Itt to aJ,..,trad (or is it (•Onl·n·tP)_
rig-ht•·onsn .. ss an<l ho\Y to C:o<l 'swill in thrsl' matt<•rs.
T
HE prosprrity squa\\·k in thr daily newspapers
t ;t!\l·s on a semhlanl'<' of truth when it comes
down to fad-; ahont th•· opening of ammunition
fadotit·s in Amet·i<·a. Full crews are operating in
nll th•· institutions \\·lter·e man-killing implements
ar<' tll:lllltfadun·d. (:ambling in food stuffs gors
mr·r'l'il~· for\\·ard in 1\r\\' YO!'k and. Chicago.
ln
t:nrop<' tJt, . fil'}d., lil't\n·(•n thl' trenches, tlw earth
7
and the timbers have been taking on a peculiar yellowi h hue, due to the chemical effects of the shells
charged with smokeless powder, the product of the
Ameriran Powder Trust. There are thousands of
thesl' AnH•t·il'an-inade slwlls !wing hurled across the
~fADE
"The devil!
IN AMERICA
You Americans are surely sentimentalists."
rn,cription on shell rea<ls, "Brave Germans, we pray for
Junathan' u Uup \Vurks, ArrtPrlca.''
~-~,u~
Lustige Blaetter
space between the belligerent forces every hour.
"The Ame~·icans mal<e good shells. Our losses from
them have been very heavy,'' said a German officer
to an Amcriean correspondent, as he scraped the yellow coating off a timber of a bombproof retreat.
This \\·as a delicate compliment and we should be
duly apprec-iative. \\'<> should also he glad prosIH'I'ity has returned.
M
+
+
.+
Al'llii\ERY of the F-4, Unit<'d States naYy
suhmat·ine, that so SH(·(•(•ssfully sank that it
eame to the sUJ·farP, is ll~ to },e in cxcclll·nt
I'OtHlition. That may he, hut the fifteen mPn of the
l'!'ew who per·isherl miser·ahly by slow asphyxiation or
drowning arP not in good c·ondition to he of further
s<·t·,·i<·l•- as snilors. A lettrr from Jjie11tenant Bde,
who was in command of the submarine, showed that
it was !mown that the craft was leaky and unsafe.
He is said to haYe <lcc]at'(•d his hclicf that he and
his rre\\· would mrrt their dPath if the craft was
ordPrcd to sc:-1. Thrs1• m\'n were l<illcd owing to
JH'Yl'J'
�The Western Comrade
8
somebody 's negligence. But let us not grow . insistent. Punishment of .a murderer will not help the
ease. A better way has already_been provided. A
nation-wide memorial service, flowers, a hymn, a
prayer. and brief speeches by "our best citizens,"
"Solemn thought and devotional exercise." Five
minutes to be devoted to solemn thought! Great!
We're for that! If we could get the w01·kers of the
world to devote five minutes to thought there would
he no more F-4 's o~ any other mankillers Jauncl1ed.
+
W
+
+
"We have had our political reforms: our l~w
and order and we have prosperity-for the few.
These are not the Me.xican ideas • •·. • the !'lexican. aspiration, conscious. and unconscious, is for a
prosperous people :.: not ·a prosperous class, but a
prospe~:ous ,and happy life. for all. OUR PEOPLE
WANT .T HE LAND,· the people,. the peons, too:
and they wan·t leiSure and a : life of pleasu're: not
only a few, ,.but all. And we ·c an have that. · Our
country is .v ery' rich ·'and very beautiful. But we
know that we ·cannot get those things by mere political reform or by set!ing up representative congress. That,s one big point where I differed with
Villa. He wanted go,·ernment first. But I said:
'No, the buzz.ar:d's ~hat · are ,sitting around watching
and waiting in New York and El Paso, in London
and Paris and l\Tadrid aud H-avana: they are the
modern doves of peace; fh<:::v. will come with loa'us
and-' he flashed, .•,\,ith bribes and they will get
our government!'
" ·we .will fight 'on and on for all that we want ;
:dl. Tt is a people that is fighting. And we are all
becoming poor, all; all-. togethe1·. There · are fewer
and fewe1· that can afford . to. make loans· and offer
hrihrs. • • • All the whilC'; we on our side are
leg-islating. l\Iy cahinrt ar·~ f·ommissioners; they join
'"ith other·s, experts and radicals, and ve1·y deliberatrly, very fr·eely. th ey a1·e drawing up laws, which
I am uttering as d trees . . By the time the _revolution
is ovr1·, those laws
be laws of the land, ·customs
of the C'Ount1·y, a t'Nll ronstitution."
a
HA'f are you reading.? .Ar·e you wasting valuablf' hour·s submerged in daily newspapers
p01·ing ovPr th<· diurnal pabulum 'of scandals, "prosperity" news 11 nd the Enr·opran war ? Don't! If
there is one subject above all othe1·s the Socialists
of Amcrica should he study in~ it is the l\Iexir~m
situation. 'J'h<> t·onfusion that t>xists in the minds o£
the people of' Amt>t·iea a1·ises out of the fact that
th e Amt•ritan pt'<·ss has l'o1' years, either stupidly
or vieiously, mist'f'J1r<'S<>ntt•d thP situation in :\lexieo.
'l'o get a <·orr·ret foul!<lation for· understanding you
should !'Pad "'l'hP 1TPxiean People- Thri1· ~tl'llg-gle
for Freedom," hy L. U . D<· Lnr·a and Etlgcumh Pinr hon. Thr n you shoul<l I'rnd <'Y<·r·y \\'Ot'd 1\Titteu
hy John Krnneth 'l'u t'Mt' in his s('ries of powerful
at'tiell)s now running in tlw App('r(l to Rrason.
Rrad T.1incoln St('fft•ns' stor·y in tht> }fay uumiwl'
of thr ·Metr·opolitan Magnzine. No li,·ing '"~·it t>L' can
<·onvry io you in a ft•w wor<1s what ~t<'ffPns (·an of
the t•ral motivrs that· underli<· thr action of th e r<'\'olution;rr·y M' rx i<·nns. Ll't us quote CH tTanw Hs rr•
por·tNl hy Strfl'<·ns: " \\'hat you doll 't undt'I'stnntl,
T now appears the thic,·es who looted the Rock
I think , is that this is nn rconomit, not a politi\'al
• Island Railway only got away wi~ about a third
rr.vnlution. You (A me,·it·ans) krt>p asking tt'> to of a billion dollars. The lawyers for . the manipula<•stablish prarr. fit·st, th r n fiet up eonstitntional go\·- to1·s (capitalist emphernism ) carefully explained to
"thl> guileless itl\'estigators · that there had been
rrnmt•nt, and t'tC'n emwt onr r·cfoi·ms. * * *
We rstahlishrcl a good, strong govei'I1lnent with a ''merely a mistake of judgment. '' A strange feature
great constitution; a const itut ion much mor<' ad- developed in thHt the niistakes in judgment had only
vanced 1han yours. But yon fo1·eignrrs-all of you, made other persons poorer. The pri on doors yawn
and our HJ~p <' t'-t·lass 1\T(,xic'ans- the enemies of the -fur· the hungry lad t hat ~teals · a banana. But then
Mexican peoplP a nd of lihrrty and justice e\·ery- he should }farn to manipulate and do it on a large
where-thl'y rorrnpted Olll' gOYl'I:nment. Th ey took scale. Steal a banana ship line and you are safe-it away fr·orn the l'IT<>xicnn people and made i't thei1·.. hut don 't daliy with n fraction of fruit.
,,.ill
I
�The Western Comrade
By-Pr.o duct of the F'ight
By MORGAN SMITH
HEN Calm Reason, the cop, finally ha
the eombatants by the collars and they
are shame-facedly trying to explain why
they did it Rnd what they have gained
hy it, the real, magnificent issue is going
to r·cn•al itself quite unexpectediy, the
real i>~sue is, and then the combatants
are going to point to it with the g.reat
self-riglJtcousnPss, and t_he cop will let them go with
the stern injunrtion that they ncYer do it again until
. they get all ready and feel just lik e it.
Way back in the Gr·eat Ice age tliis cop had these
samr little t hin~s to deal with and the unexpected
justificatio}is nothing new to him. Homo Priscus was
troublesome in the Y~ry same way on the very same
grounds. Homo Priscus had some sharp pieces of. flint
and he used to cling to the flanks of the wild horses
and stab them with the flint until they dropped. Sometimes hr would kill a dozen horses in a day and when
hr lay down at night Calm Reason would grab him.
"\Vel! , now that it 's all oyer, how many of 'em did
you rat'" thr f'OP would inqnir·e.
Thrn Homo Priscns would hang his head, until th e
GrPat Jssn c popped out of the night.
"Therf' you 11re !" Homo Pr·isens would always
say, sticking out J•is chest, just RS th e powers are going
to do. And the cop would hR\'<' to slink away with
th e w11rning- th11t Homo Prisf·ns nHcr· do it again until
he should he all ready 11nd felt just like it.
Br·11ins! Th11t 's the c11usr.. RYolution! That's the
issu e.
Th r r·r were very few men in the age of the Great
Tee mrd tho<;c that th ere wer·e lind a roving, nomad's
life. They fought with e11ch other quite informally
over flint pits 11nd casual damsels. And the winner
took the disput ed thing 11nd the loser went away or
stayed there, as the case might he. And all the animals and birds looked on and remarked that it was
only a couple of men fighting.
Then the men began hunting in packs and there
were more fights. By that time they were using spears.
When a fine young doe would cross their path t he
whole band of them would fire away. When the quarry
• fell each man'c!aimed his spear had done the wo.rk and
most always there was a fight to settle that. Archaeological discoveries reveal that Homo Priscus adopted
the novel scheme of putting a sign on his spear that
would settle thi question. The man whose spear had
struck the mortal blow no longer had the fight t wice or
trice before he could eat. It wa the fir t mutual
benefit o iety and it wa the fir t Rul of Order.
The mutuf!l benefit society worked wonder . Homo
Priscu found that by co-operation he could di' pute
almost anything with $e other animal and bring home
the bacon that he couldn t })ring home if h were working independen~y. Jie fQU.nd U\at ~e mutual ben fit
..._
."'\."- ··
'--....
~IODEH :-J ~Cl
ENCE AND PREIDS'l'ORIC
SAVAGERY
The Professor : "Together, my dear Herr Caveman,
we should be irresistible."
society enabled him to stay in t,he same cave and still
eat. lt was no longer necessary .to roam. By cooperation he could get the game even when the game
was wary. So he colonized and co-operated successfully to keep the wolves away from his stored meat.
When Homo Priscus settled down conditions became
more favorable to multiplication.
"Why, bless my soul and honor, I'm multiplying,"
aid Homo Priscus. And for years after that, if any-
�JO
T
e WesteT
Co
Tade
body inquired why he settled down and fought the
wolves in place of traveling and eluding them he would
aMUllle a great deal of self-righteousness and ay he
did it 80 he could multiply and compete with the other
animals in numbe1'8.
A8 Ilomo PriSCWI or Homo Primigenius multiplied
there arose more and more impediment ro the colonized
existence, but he said that be could eat roots and fruits
if the other animals could, so be acquired a taste for
them rather than become a nomad again. He also concluded a truce with the wolves and the horses. They
ronned a triple alliance of strength, ferocity and brains.
:Prom that time on the animals watched man inrm!aRe until he surpassed them all in numbers. They
watched him acquire feet, wheels, and wings. They
RIIW him destroy a forest by a magic sparli: from his
Hint. f.ioon after the Triple Alliance was formed the
idea of "Fight for l<,ight's Sake" first came into vogue.
l\lan had a fairly r·asy thing of it and all the faculties
of his hrain wc·re not employed. Sa he went in for
Hports, aud the first sport was \Var. One colony would
Rwoop over the hill or stream that divided it from the
next eolony and they would have one glorious time.
When the gam of War got to big league size several
trib s would combine against other tribes, particularly
if th y had lived apart long enough to acquire racial
away.
And thus it went with brains,
Man was born brainy; the war h
had evolution thrust upon him. In the fi h he developed a finer brain and this expend d i lf in th
development of the .figh just
it should do. H v.ing
eome, willing or u;ftwilling to uprema y amon th
animals by means of hi_. brain man had in tb ours
of it, develope<l an uncanny thing that would not
t.
Having developed at the behoof Qf supr macy th brain
automaticslTy w~rked .in that direction.
When this war for upremacy is ov r and th op,
Calm Reason, ha. hi· defi, the king and mp ror will
have something they dl:d not aim at. Th y will luw a •
beautifully organized government control. The ' ill
have demonstrated that the thing can b don . .And, .
having evolved· this 42-centhueter engine of upremu y,
it will be pointed, after the war. in n dire tion that it
new owners dictate. It will he pointed at the thick
walls of caste, trad.i tion, ana punctilio that have forti·
tied dynasties and oligarchies since the time that Nero
burned Rome for fun .
And when Society is supreme it will look around
c~~racteristics.
One time one of the delerious victors grabbed a with amazement at the things it never aimed at. A
prin ss of the other side, in his excitement, and car- good ·many people who fought in order that they might
l'i d h<•r hack home. After that they would say, "Let's own land may discover tliat the idea of owning land
go ov rand get another princess or king or something," has gone completely out of style. Some wh~ fought
nnd th fil·st thing they lmew they got to thinking that that they might rear their children the way they
thr. whol delightful thing was over the possession of wanted, may discover that they no longer have a word
the other mun's princes or the reprisal following the as to the way their children are reared. When o<'npturc of your princess. They would take away ciety 's restless, struggling brain has rendered iyutr·cosures and destroy crops: It is no new accomplish- preme over arbitrary control, it will busy itself in the
m nt to contriv a moral as the cause of a war. They fight against everything that preys upon its well-being,
ns d, wny bn k in those time , to explain that the and it will discover that some of i!s bosomest acquaintnuL were retaining their art treasures contrary to ances are its enemies.
justi f' ond right.
o they would go over into Gaul
. And Calm Reason, the cop, will ~er be waiting at
the end of the fight to nab somebody, but he will not
nnd tnk th tr a ures away.
· hen they would come back with the spoils Calm . nab. The unexpected justification will always be just
R.en on would grob them. Then they would point with behind him. I,ong live The Fight I
JJ~siness-Legal Stealing
By WILLIAM THURSTON BROWN
T
lll<} li etht that i now ri ing above the horizon is
r('v nlin th fact that what we have been acu t mt'd t ettll busim• i onl tealing made legalthat e mm ree i nly piraey made re pectable by law,
tl1at re,p tnbility i f r the m
part a th.ln veneer
mad nee · ry t maintain the immoral distinctions
t ela
that religion i Ye~· largely hypoerisy and
statesmanship the art of proving the virtue and value
of a vicious system.
There comes the same divine summons to freedom
and fraternity now as of old. No diviner or authori·
tative voice spokE.> in Palastine ages ago than speaks
today in the hope and faiths and longings of the common people.
�The. We.
Co
Tade
War and the Red Cro
By JA lES P. WARBA
~~~~!!!!;'~
HE forces which promote war oftm~: ~e
found running parallel with the humane
impulses which would relieve ufferiqg.
Tne soldier has for his functions to
destroy life, to maim or otherwise physi(·ally incapacitate those of his fellowht·ings who are ealled the "enemy," and
to dPstroy prop<>rty which might be of
h<>lp to his oppon(•nts, and to appropriate from all
soun·cs what 1'\'t•r may he of aid in these operations.
To suc·h 1·11ds are 1·nlistr•d all that science, art and skill
can prot]UC('.
.\Jodt•m war (·ontinuefi until one side ot· the other
has lost so 111 :111~' l i \'es, has so many Iauman beings int<IJHt<'itaiPtl. and so much property destroyed that the
remainin'.!' Jwopl e ar·p no long-t>r willing to ventur·e the
hazar·d of !.c·ing t· ;tll cd upon for· fur-ther sacrifice of
tlrl'm;wl\·(·<;. 'l'!r e rt•mnant of th e nation then stops
t hP \\' HI': it eeases to Ji~ht, and the war ends.
('prt a i11 t•xte mal ageneics l<eep war going and postpOll(' tlrl' a rmisti<·P whieh would bring peace. One of
these fa•·tors is th e pr·ofit which th e noncombatant
nations (·an mal<t• out of the bleeding people. Anothet·
fnetor· is fonnd iu thC' Ht•tl Cross and the noncombatant
activities allied with it. Though tbe first of these is
plll'l'ly ec·onomic, th e Hc>d Cross is no less its accomplice
iu kec>ping \nHfare aliYc.
Thus we witness thr <;pectacle of the United States,
with sauctimonious h_vpOC'risy, praying for the end of
the \\'Ill' :ls a sort of Sundl\y performance, and during
the> weC'k tlll?S lending its good offices to big business
to send ow·t· to th e soldiers grains, meats and other
food -. tuffs, guns, powder shot and shell, to keep the
slaughtet• going- all in the interest of profits. We
lay upon om· souls the unction of neutrality by supplying munition. of '"ar to either side.
'!'hen come the R ed Ct·oss and its allied neutrals, .
with weet-Yoiced nur es and bandages and sheets and
pillow-en. es and goodies and soft beds, · with the assumption that it is mitigating the horrors of war.
However mdch it is mitigating the di comforts of individual warriors, one thing i certain: it is prolonging
war ; and war i. nothing but horror .
entimentalism,
combined with a conf11sed ethical en e which.. calls for
impartiality, rc ults in a neutrality which promotes
T
war.
The faet can b grasped by a imple mind that, if
it help one ide in warfare., it damages the other ide.
We need yet to pu b our mathematics one tep farther
E
:md dem trate that if we help both
dtuna
both side .
The commercial and entimental neutral if thQ
were really intere ted in mitigating th horrors .of Will\
would employ their·en r.gie to end the war. To end
war is the be t way to mitigate war. l'h 1 t thiu
that one who really lo e.. hl fellow men, and who trul
reYolt at war would think of ,vould be to go into
battle ''ith a double-edged word :ana fight again t botJ1
ide . Thi ·1 what onr neutral are dding; and when
we look upon the co t of one day of it w mtty calculate what will be the cost of· the n xt day- the oo t
to both ides, for both ilre dnily lo ing; and in the nd •
both are de tined to be lo er by the ag..,.regnt of their
days of warfa,re.
.
Were thl' · n~utr.als desil'ous of mitigating the hot'·
l'OI'S of \\'111', instead Of maintaining m I' Jy a COllllll l'·
eial and scuti·mental interest in it, th y would be a t.
ing more reasonably to thro-iv ull of their help upon on
sidt> and <>nd it. War continues so long ns th drunag
at·e fairly halaneed. lt ends whrn the balan e is lost
and an unhalanee of damages take its place.
'fhe soldir,· is a person who go s fot·th to kill his
fpllow man. 'l'he hope that Ir e maY. kiJ.l but not b
killed !'ends him on his errartd .. He is not only a coldblooded murderer; he also is a gambler. He hop s 'to
do his unholy business, come off with his life, and be
ever after proclaimed a ''hero. ,-, Society with its nationalism, patriotism, race hatreds, militarism, per.
verted histo1·ies which glorify war, and the international qut•st for commercial profits, creates the soldie1·
- tlw dupe of war. 1f he knew that he were to fare a
hatlly as he hopes his "rmcnry" vrill, he would not go.
The nearer to one hundred per cent the mortality of
warfare approaches, the less will b~1e enthusiasm for
its "glories. " ; lf th e mortality could be brought up
to one hundt·ed per cent the problem would be solved,
and war would cease. · Do the activities of the Red
Cross make for the abolition of war or for its perpetua.
tion ?
If the man of fighting age refused to go to war, or
if l1e was proclaimed the hero who bad moral heroism
enough to stay at home and do his work and refuse to
partiripate in the miserable business, then the problem
would be solved. Does the Red Cross, which ruBhes to
the front to keep alive this "sport of kings, .. make for
war or peace T
We may contemplate with amazement surgeons and
nurses attempting to save lives, and at the sam.e tit11..e
�The Western Comrade
12
working in co-operation with murderous men, equipped
with the newest appliances of science, bent upon destroying Jives-all zealously striving together.
Perhaps society will some day look back with wonder upon the anachronism of surgical skill, with its infinite pos~:~ibilities for human service, occupied daya;nd
HOW LONG1
Lucifer: "It seems to me, Eternal Father, this war
should be settled before lortg. There have been so
many trespassers against the l<~ifth Commandment
('Thou shalt not kill') that I am running short of fuel."
Suce!'iOS, Valparaiso, ChilE>
night in r·estoring to efficiency the butchers or llll'll,
that they may be returned to _their cruel pur·suit.
J.Jet the participating Red Cr·oss doctors not ht>guilc
us with the (']aim that they are noneombatants. and
inspired only by IO\'C of humanity. vVe shall not he
deceived. They are a part of the pr·ogram of war.
·when it is over·, we shall ·find them parading among
A
its '' herQe '' and accepting the recognition which is
acoorded to tho e who went forth to kill
Were the impelling mQtive behind the en timental
neutrals one of love for humanity and a burning zeal
to sacrifice them elves for mankind, there are ampl~
fields yet unoccupied in the struggle for life in every
land. In our own country the preventable deaths in
the econo~c warfare for livelihood and for profits are
quite as appalling to the discerning eye as those of the
European charnel. l!ere are the unaided hurt crying
for help-hurt by machines. and dust and poisons and
rotten railroad ties and .insufficient food and crowded
slunis-h~rt' becau~e somebody i~ ·making .money by
withholding ~iahtful human protection from them and
robbing others of the. wealth that they create.
These suffering and dying ·m illions go down to their
!!raves without the stain of their f~Uows' bloed upon
their hands. They a:re soldiers in th~ world's warfare
against the forces of natui·t>, enlisted to make the world
more pleasant and life more livable. They stand for
. .
.
'
life, and not for death.· f'hey need all the surgeons,
nurses, Red Cross Rtocl<ings, and shirts that are now
consumed by the blood-thirsty men who go forth to
slay the husbands o.f innoce~t wives and the sons of
!?uiltless mothers and. the fathers of weeping babes.
The answer to this social riddle is here: War is a
ruling-cla~s game. It is the affair of kings, ministers,
imperialists, and the capitalistic seekers for markets
and economic aggrandizem~nt. The. Red Cross executive, doctor, and nurse prefer the approval and applause of this so-called ''upper class.'' . To give themS<'Ives to the cause of the lowly .and of the exploited
poor with the abandon with which they can giv.e themselves to the cause of war would mean also to court the
disapproval of those who have the wealth and "honors" to hestow. The money-giving public prefers to
support the warfare which appeals most strongly to
its dramatic sense. The exploited •poor, on the other
hand, in the industrial struggle have nothing to offer
hut- n doubtful gratitude.
"Let us not be deceived. There is no neutrality in
war. All parties to it are warriors-the R-ed Cross
sur·geon, the nurse, the sewing woman, and the priest.
War is the consummate social crime. It is something more than hell; it is the crucible in which a social
system is tested and found dross.
1\TOTlON picture drama that was produced in J;os Angeles several months ago is still enjoying an unprert'dented popularity despite the fact iliat an.v thinking person could not hut regret that t~e producer.
had show!,l sueh poor taste in the selection of his suh.i<·d. The play is falsely called "The Birth of a Nation."
1t is based on Thoma Dixon's unspeakable book eallNl "The Clansman." All the way through the picture
stor·y it is an unfair and outrageous attempt to holstl·r up a dying race prejudice. That the public should
enthusiastically pRtr·onize this .plea for hatred and contempt of the negro race forms a sad commentary upon
ihe. education, or lack thereof, of the rising generation.-G. E. B.
�The Western Comrade
13.
Must We ..Carry a Bundle of ·H ay?
The Western Comrade reprints this remarkable editorial from the Milwaukee Leader in the hope that the reailers ·
of this magazine may give It serious thought-thought that may some day ripen into action. California Socialists particularly should give themselves over to a few minutes introspection. We are proceeding with state and national constitu:
tions which, from the face of election returns a vast percentage of the party membership do not believe in or approve.
In view of this fact should" we not make a start here and now to readjust our organic law to fit the needs and desires of
the membership and of those who believe in. the pl'inciples o f Socialism, but who decline to be bound · and restricted by
our dogmatic and narrowed rules and laws?-[Editors.]
J
UVENAL, the famous Roman writer, te!Js us that
the Hebrews of his day would not intermarry with
other people. They did not eat with others, and when
traveling they even carried a bundle of hay with them
to sleep on. Why 1 ·F'or fear that they might be polluted and lose the true faith of Judaism. Juvenal intimates that the Jews were vet·y mucb despised and hated
hy other folks on that account.
\Ye know of similar customs o~ other Asiatic sects,
particularly in India.
Every sect, holding to a certain dogma, whether
religious or political, is of necessity exclusive. A
dogma is largely a matter of fa ith, not of fact. Orthodoxy can not afford to let its faith come into contact
with th e faith of othPr propl e, lest it may become
weakenrd or losr entirely.
This holds good for orthodoxy within the Socialist
Party.
\Ye have in our national constitution the following
provision:
Article X, Section 3. The platform of the Socialist
Party shall be the supreme declaration of the party,
and all state and municipal platfOi'ms shall conform.
thereto. No state or local organization shall under
any circumstances fuse, combine or compromise with
any other political party or organization, or refrain
from making nominations, in order to favor the candidate of such other organizations, nor shall any candidate of the Socialist Party accept any nomination or
indorsement from any other party or political organi zation.
No member of the Socialist party shall, under any
cir cu msta.nces, vote In primary or regular elections
for any candidate other than Socialists nominated,
indorsed or recommended as candidates by the Socialist Party. To do otherwise will constitute party treason, and result in expulslo·n from the party.
\V e believe this orthodox provision is untenable.
It is stupid because it helps the enemy, undemocratic
because it disfranchises our members, and unsocialistic
because it is anti-social. in spirit and practice.
Th e Ameriean Socialist Party is the only Socialist
organization in the world that today holds this position. W e have inherited it from the old Socialist Labor
'
'
- Party.
And the experience of th e various reform partie~>
in America- the Green backers a no the People's Party
- which were fused and swallowed up by the Democrats-has a tendency to make ~uch a provision popular with former Populists, especially out \Vest.
Greenbackism ahd Populism had no economic basis
to stand on, howe"ver, and would soon have gone out
of. exist~nce anyway." ·_A party which believed that a
government can create values: by printing money could
not live long. And a.,party with the cardinal principle
of unlimited coinage. of silve,r at a ratio of 16 to 1, so
that farmers could get a dept:eciated silver dollar for
a bushel of wheat. weuld natural"ly cease to exist as .
soon· as a bushel of wheat would bring more than a
dollar in gold.
But there is absolu.tel~ no excuse for a movement
which is based upon modern machine production and
the concentration of wealth,· and is, therefore, .in accord with the t~end of ecOI)emic evolution, to cling to
any sectarian tacti"cs. ·w e need not be afraid that anybody will "steal <nir principles."
Vv e a lways must stay loyally with our organization
and vote for all candidates when we have a ticket. We
remain a part of this commonwealth, however, even
after our candidates have bee':! beaten at the primary.
No class-conscious Socialist will ever advocate.
"fusion " with any capitalist party. That is impossible.
But why should Socialists be disft·anchised, whenever
it is impossible for them to have their own ticket Y
Our worst enemies profess to admire. this "splendid
isolation.'' Th ey do so because by our silly tactics we
paralyze our political action and voluntarily withdra~
in their favor.
•
Th ere certainly is a great difference among nonSocialists. There arc those who are fair to the working
class and friendly to ou r aims, tho~h they do not belong to our party.
There are those who are willing to go with us a
gTcat part of the way-the part still far before us- .
even though th ey arr not willing to go the entire length
of our ''final aim.''
Now why in th e na.me of common sense would we
he forbidden to vote-after our o·w n candidate has been
<'liminated at the primary-for those who are friendly
to us¥
· Why should we he forbidden to accept their endorsement before the primary?
Or must every Socialist carry a bundle of bay to
sleep on, lest he hr contaminated and lose the true
faith T
�Th e Western Comrade
14
The People Are Soft
By EUGENE V. D EBS
are always more or less "hard" for the
T HEgreattimesmajority
of the people. There are alternating periods of hard times and times still harder, but
there is ncYcr prosperity for all the people.
There is aiJsolutely no excuse for hard times in
the United Statf's. We are at the very center of fll.bulous and inexhaustible riches, enough for' all and a
hnndt·e<l tinws more, and in the very midst of these we
are unable to feed and clothe and shelter ourselves.
and we present a spectacle tragic enough to make stone
imngrs shed tears.
At this ,·ery time, A. D. 191G, the times are l1ar:der
than thr·y have ever been in all the 139 years of our
nat.iona I existence.
'l'he l'iational Congress, supposed to represent th e
people n nrl provide measures for our security, comfot·t
nnd hnppinf'ss, arljourned in the very midst of the most
paralyzing pauir~ in the history of the country. When
this Congress a<ljour·necl. one-fifth of all the productiye
worlH'r·s of the nntion were without employment, mill ions of them and t hri r· dependent ones actually suffering, hut the political statr of eapitalism, decadent, ohsolrtc and wot·sr than useless, could do absolutely nothing for them. All it could do was to vote hundreds of
millions for pork lHII'I'rl rntcrprises and spend the rest
of the time filibustering and in other political palM~er- ·
ing which had no more relation to the actual in<lustrial
conditions of the country and the economic necessities
of the masses than the croaking of frogs has to the
failure of the potato crqp.
The fact is th.a t capitalism has collapsed and that
the p.oliti<}al state' of capitalism is par'a lyzed except in ·
the functioD; of .creating bogus .issues oyer which to
humbug the people and keep .them divided ~nd fighting
sham battl!ls while they are being bled by the ·vampires
that have . seized upon the nation's ·industries and control th·e government with no other object in view than
to perpetuate their ~wn plutocratic piracy and keeP,
the people ·in poverty . and subjection.
'l'he times are hard only ·because the people are soft.
Socialism niakes it cl~ar as the noon-day sun why
the times are. hard whether the Republican or Democratic party is in pow_er, and whether Roosevel.t, Taft
or Wilson occupies the exep~tive seat at Washington.
Socialism prop-oses -that the industries of the nation
shall be taken over by the nation and operated by the
i1ation for the b~nefit of the whole people, and when
this revolutionary change has come to pass the people
will never again know the blight and curse of hard
times.
Sound Advice For Seekers of Success
By G. E. MORAY
STTNoSTILL!
matter
who tells you to "keep moving."
(This does not in clud e the cop!)
Everything comes to him who sits still and " ·aits.
Did you ever see a rich man who made a practice
of going up and down the street, looking for profitable
opportunitirs and chances t<> invest money Y
On the contrary, he gets an office, and sits down,·
like a spidrr inside its web, to wait for some genius, or
inventor, or man with ideas, to come along and seek
an interview.
H e sits ~t ill while the man with ideas gets down
on his knees and wails and laments, and entreats the
patient rich man to take nine-tenths of all the profits,
and provide the funds-the good, glad golden fundswith 'cllich to develop the great idea and place it upon
the market.
Or our investor, while sitting still, loans his money
to active ·men, who have plenty of ambition, energy
and gumption, but who have been unable to accumulate
monev. a11d are willing to pay the sit-still, spiderlike
individual a large part of the proceeds of their toil and
effort just for the privilege of !laYing possession of ·a
portion of his money for a limited time.
In this way fortunes are made for the man who sits
sti ll ; while the poor man of actiVrty hustles like the
Devil.
·
If you have money .to lise, and want to make more,
evet·ybody, and everybody's brother will come your .
way and tell you nice stories of dollar-ous opportunities.
You can reject all that are too visionary, too progressive, or too intelligent, and ·choose those that are
modeled after the old schemes Noah used to explain
to the monkeys when he made his famous shipbuilding
experiment.
Then bank your money securely; or keep it in your
pocketbook; keep your pocketbook in your pocket ;
keep your band upon your pocket; and
SIT STILL!
�Scene at .Jackson's Lake Basin Where Llano del Rio Colonists ·Have· Bunt a · Conservation Dam
Colony Celebrates Atiniversary
-~==n NI'l'El-WA'l'ION~\L
l\ray day will always
have a double significance for the residents at the Llano del Rio community.
It will be obsencd in the future much
the same as it was on May 1, 191 5-as
thr. annh;er ary of the founding of the
co-op rative colony and as the ·world's
labor day.
c 1 bration for 1915 prond a great success
nnd nrou t>d enthnsia m in the colonists and ,.i itors.
l'"t~obnbly no communit. in America eYer flew more
•rim, on hnnner . In fa<"t t h!' only rt> triction a a coloni t • pr ed it "a the lack of more textile fabrics
f t•rim u lme.
day· port
on · ted of a erie of race
ba k th~l gam and a ba ball game between the
, iugle men and the married men teams. The former
\\'Oll
to 7 ud the young ;vomen took full credit on
th lt Ul\d that their rooting md singin~ inspired the
'
'
b : to i ht. deed
T rand n ue de ball proved he hi!rll tide
ew t m , i ) life at he ~on..v. The la
ero d
at had t-Yer
hi
at he dub bo
·oyed
o .? or
··. T
eoufl)!;;tuiau~
were
varied than on for!ller occasions. Prizes wer aw rd
for best costumes and best sustain d charact r of th
evening.
Frank Farmer as Charlie Chaplin provad a. IJOUl'<i
of delight to the children and contipuou11 am.ua
nt
to all. Miss Aileen Ware gave an exhibition of fanoy
toe dancing and followed it with folk dances that ca •
tivated the hearts of all pres~t. The child rov d a
most charming and graceful performer and her dainty
but strong portrayal of parts in difficult dane 8 will
long be a source of inspiration . o the other childr n
of the colony.
The other diversion in the everung's program of
dances was a song, "It's a Short, Short Way toLl n /'
by Dan Rooke, rendered by the LJano quartette,
a violin solo by Frank H. Wa:re.
Motion pictures were made· under the direef
Frank E. Wolfe, with Chief Rngjnur Ea71e
a amatem operator of the motron pietu e "''1u·~.~:u
The pietnres proved a snuea an.d will
be
the l'E'ffi. so that Soeia&ts iu other parliJ lJf
ean see- their eom.rades at the J.Jlano em:~rummi1ty
adion.
TJv.-
g raisin e:eremmtria
of W. A. :Engle, Ybo
�The Western Comrade
Ul
Tractor and
Llano \\"om en's Study Club.
These Colonist~ Are Taking an Active Part !ri
Department of the Community
Educational
Sce11es at Llano · .d el Rio Colon
Earl E. Glass, Chfef Engineer, Operating Motion
Picture Camera
Girls' 50-yard dash. The members of the
athletic events where they were entered.
times are popular with all ages tn the eommUJIJ
will be taught to swim when the big open-air ~
colony progresses other features wlll be added I
�The Western Comrade
1 111 111 IIIII
,J,,.,.
j I_\'
Llano Community in Motion Picture Scene. Costuii'Ie!J, 'Setting and Action Show Wonderful
Possibilities for the Future.
At1nual lVIay Day Celebration
I teams won nearly all the prizes In ~he
tennis, basket ball and other sports and pasAccording to plans, every child In the colony
In course of construction Is finished. As the
the enjoyment of both young and old.
B. I. Roland as "Queen of the May" Added Much to
the Merriment of tbe Carnival
lT
�1'8
The We ter-lfJ, Comrade
Here iewed the history of .all e flags d :d elt :peeially on the one hanaer that stands for tl.h.e real universal broth.erhoo,d. At tbe end of the peeehes the
flag was run up t<l the masthead on the new pole and
the orchestra played and th.e a embly ~- ""The Red
Flag."
A Rcore of bright tongues (}f scarlet appeared over
Teams and Children In the Parade
bungalows and tent houses and three cheers were given
and the formal part of the program was concluded.
The parade was of unique character in that nearly
rvcry rc8ident of the eommunity irrespective of age
or oecupation participated in the march. Only by
l'Ountcr· marching were they able to see what was going on.
The parade was intended -to show the growth and
progress made by the colony since its inception. For
this purpose the original colonists, composed of Job
Harriman, Frank P.. McMahon, William· A. Engle,
Dnvid J. Wilson, .J. L. Stanley and Leo Dawson, were
in the lead in the parade. They rode behind "Dolly"
and ''Dick,'' the two horses owned a year ago. Then
followed the colonists of today, something over 300 in
number, in wagons, trucl{s, automobiles and on other
'vehicles, farming machinery or marching four abreast
on foot. Member of the Llano del Rio Women's .Club
filled three of the larger vehicles. The school children
to the number of 75 rode in the autos in the parade.
I~eading the divi ion was an immense tractor with a
big red. 'flag ''at th-e foremast,'' as a former sailor expressed it. It made an impressive sight as it carried
a cargo of bright-eyed girls who surrounded Horace
Farmer, the driver, and carcely _gave him elbow room
to steer his c-umber orne machine down the main street.
Llano communi ts are oppo ed to war and e pecially
do they oppose war taxe . Despite thi - faet they find
themselve unwiUing bllt extensive co:ntriburtors. One
week's donation for decumentary revenue :tamps ran
over $100, Of thi one deed alone took a 50 tamp.
~
This marked a deal which i of e greates't i po
ce
to th eolon,y. It mean the C'qai ition rof abt>ut 1000
including land that earry mos't wd able ;a~r
righ
Thl raneh has bout 120 ael' · of nne alfalfa
and. 20 acres of produein,g orchard h ide liV< '~
and .implements. Thi aequi ition i of the utmost unportanee · to 'the coloni
who are jubilant over th~
success of the long negotiation for thi place.
teadily the colonists are gaining in the acquisition
of land and water in macbin ry, livestock and on
other material and interest that i of great value to
them.
L. A. Zachritz, who is foreman at the Big Rock
fish hatchery, i ited the Lo Angele office and reported excellent progress at the colony's trout fishery·.
He says the 60,000 fish hatc)led several weeks a~o are
in good condition and are rapidly assuming the form
and semblance of the beautiful rainbow trout. They .
are about·an inch and a half long. The salmo irredeus
is indige.n ous tOo these mountain stream and the cousins
of the colony's fingerlings are in the stream that flows
in front of the hatchery. Comrade Zacliritz says it
required great caution to care for the young trout and
that the most danger comes from the possibilities of
over-feeding.
· The new engine for the power plant has been placed
in position and connected with the bench saw, band
saw, the planer and sticker and with! .a wood saw.
Bill Schnitzer Teaching the .Girls the Art ot Buck
and Wing :qancing
There is more than sufficient power to operate thi8
mach.in·e ry.
The 70 school children of the Llano school have
been moved to most ideal housing in mow-white can·
vas tent houses. This wi1l be their home until the end
of' the summer term. At the beginning oi the fall tenn
it is expeeted the new school building will be rea.c:/'
for them.
(
�The
este-r
Prnden(!e 8toke8 Brown, who wiH take eharge of
ri
ool in California and
orw of the important departmen of the educational taehed to
divwon of t~ colony, is taking a course of tnlinimv-~
utul.cr the penwnal diredion of Dr. l1aria .YcHH;eG~totl
people in the colony within & month.
went to tisit her pa.ren in Los
el
a week Horace Farmer obtained
the younaer et of office foree had an h ur •
the wurt house. H erbert
anl •
)fellie ~filler wert' the first to marry.
Re ident Llano -del Rio oloni
ar
r t &.11 to
Comrade Adolf Lofton of L w- ap, Wa bin t n f r
a donation of 77 nluable book ~or th Llan Librar .
The selection of the e . olume i a tribnt to the int l~
Iigence of the donor: The. i)lclud two valuabl
Ladles' Ha"e.-"And the Eartb Trembled"
cyclopedia , the Library of Original ur
and oth r
important reference works. Every 'book will prov f •
11f It al,v.
Dr·. :\IontPssor·i will r emain in Southern Cali- Yalue. Many books have been donated. but thi group
l'ol'llia a lrout f'o ur· months and during that time Com- is the most valuahle 'that ha been add d to th f >W
r·udt• Br·ow11 ll'ill r·outinut• the <·ou r·se UJHlee this famous original books 'possesst>d h:t th<> co-operativ . 'l'hC'r
f I'll l'f1 (' I'.
ar·e S<'VPI'<tl hunrlrt>d hooT;:s in. the eounty librat·y d Ll;tnr, dr· l J<io Colon~· will ha\'!' the second : \[ontes- partmcnt of the colony ~ibrHr·y.
Fellowship in Work
By HARVEY ARMSTRONG
Hl'fit·lt• is Wl'ittl'll ft·om a sense of appreciation,
T illS
pr·omptt•d
wann and grateful feelings to the
by
st r·ou ~ llH' Il a rill seu. ihi e women who Ita ve not only
t·stuhlisht·d thl·msdves upou a permanent basis, but
throu gh thl'ir· 111tselfi. h industrial effort, have made. it
possihlc for· oth ers who are not yet wage-slaves to add
till• it· lu hot· to the car·t h and thus star t to build at the
nt·~, founrlut ion of all wealth.
Tl' you wnnt an ocular demonstration of industrial
(•Q·OI <> t•nt ion, in the a<>tunl workings, go at once to
),Jnno del Hio :olony, in th e Antelope Valley.
'l'hcl'C ~·ou will find nhont :300 men and women who
own th •ir wn job and the tools with which they
work. ffCtting th • full produ<>t of their labor. Can you
bent thot . But t hut L not all.
'l'h r the~· Ill'(' happy hcaltlty and hopeful· with
n implltlt>nt hill-coil ctor to bother them; far rem \' t•d from tht' hurl. -hm·ly of the artificial cities, in
, d' opt'll cbuutr~· right on the land. And they have
f und within ne hrit>f yNtr a Ya toe and freedom
th t m.nk them loYc it.
Tb ugh thPir pl ndid effor thi same ~'desert'
i, ·;yt•t tC4lWt' me the dimple in alifornia smile.
Ju t lt'. e r a four men, with love for their fello ;nu 'll
}~ted tb t partieular valley in which they
and tb ir . u quent eo-partn
eould each plant a
bli h them
in life.
all
re in a high ideal and have
an economic inter est iu the success of the colony. Each
individual there has a sense of communal duty toward
th e colony as a whole. 'fher·e is the ideal or broth 11'·
Gurr, the Only Real Fat }fan, Wlf!B the 50-Yard Duh
hood and a -solidarity not to be found amonJ8t anr
other group of workers on this earth.
They have laid the foundation weii. Suceea is
assured. The experimental stage is safelr pa.ued.
And now they can confidently push aBide the eu.rt:ains
of the future, and look down the corridors of time far
enough to see their life-long dreams come true.
�The Western G_o ·m rade
•
Prevention ·o f Concep ton
·m
By WILLIAM
J. ROBINSON, M. D.
T is very easy to write on the S'ubject of a man with nine children. In fact, as he has only himelf or himself and wife to provide for, he can be more
the voluntary limitation of offspring for
an orthodox audience. For to an· ortho,. . independent, he can afford to wait; bu.t when there
dox audience our line of I'easoning is are several h~gry mouths at home crying for bread
both new and novel, many of the argu- the man is apt to accept anything that is offered him,
ments are shocking and therefore inter- and it is a we'll kn.o wn fact that fathers of big families,
•
esting, while the incontrovertible fact& esi>ecjall~ where ·the children are not yet earning a
which we present and! which to us are living, make very poor strikers.
so old,f"'O very old, come to them as eye-openers, as
There .a re c~~rades of ' another class ·whose objecinspire'd epoch-making truths. It is v!!ry difficult, tion to the prevention of conception propaganda is, .
however, to write on the subject for a radical audi- as mentioned, of an entirely different, of an opposite
rncr, e~>prcially if the radical audience is also an in- character. Not being entirely devoid of common ense,
tellectual one. One fcPls lik~ constantly apologizing. thE>y admit that a . large family of little children is a
For it scc•ms impossible to imagine that the arguments curse to a workingman, and that his condition would
which you have to present in favor of the voluntary he greatly improved 'f he could control the number of
limitation of offspring, the proofs of the benefits which his children and 'the intervals of their appearance in
it would eonfcr and of the evils which it would obviate this world . But that is· just what they are afraid of.
should IH· unknown to radical readers, or tha-t they They are afraid that .if the mater·ial condition of the
should not lw in full agr·cemcnt with them. Still th ere working cfasses is mllterially improved, they may lose
is a va li(l excuse for speaking on the subject of pre- their revolutjo'nary spirit (which spirit is a pure myth )
vent ion 1o Socialists. Th e excuse is contained in th e and sink into the slough of self-contentment and obese
f'a<·t that 1he attitudr of many Socialists to the subject s11tisfaction of the bourgeoisie. And what will then
undrr discussion is one of indifferencP, while many become of the revolution 1 Yes, and many comrades
~ood romrades speak of it snecringly or with ill-conw11nt a numerically large proletariat. For when that
terTihle hloo'd y reYolution hreal{s out, we want to be
<·caiP<l if not open hostility.
This indifference or hostility, when not due to a hie to send a large prolet11rian 'llrmy against the capithoughtlesflness-people are not enthusiastic over any talistic monster. These ·good comrades take it for
mensure to which they have not given any considera- granted that the proletariat will necessarily be on
tion-is due to two causes, which, stt·angc to say, are the side of the revolution. They forget that a large,
of 11 diarnetr·ically opposite character. Some good com- lwngry pr·o!Ptariat is pften mor·e anti-revolutionary
rndrs arr indifferent or hostile to the small family than is the hourgeoisir itself; they forget that the slum
propagnnda because they do not believe that a one or proletariat, or what our German friends call Lumpentwo child system will in any way improve the condition proletariRt, make very poor revolutionary material,
of the working class. They are in general opposed !o and it is from this stratum that are recruited the hired
·any measure which has not the Socialist imprimatur thugs, gunmen, hoodlums an';t hooligans, black hunon it, and which has not for its immediate ohject the dreds, strikehreakers 11nd other enemies of revolutionnbolition of wage slavery and the hringing about of Rry or e\·olutionary progress.
the co-operntive commonwealth. Like the good orthoTo enter into 11 detailed discussion of the pros and
dox brethren thilt they are, they bring down from the rons of the limitation of offspring propaganda within
wall t\H' old rusty .weapon, the ''iron law of wages. '' this hrief space would he impossible. I can only reand tell us that as soon as the workingman has few itPrate my conviction that if· Socialism stands for the
or no c•hildren and is ahle to live on less, his wa~es immediate improvement of the condition of the workwill be cut in two and he will be just as badly off as ing class, and not for manna and honey in the vague
before. Of eonr·se no sensible person has now any use distant future, then tlw Rorialist Party can engage in ·
fd'r the iron law of wages. A strong union, a high no more important. no more immediately beneficial, no
standard of living and a carce labor market can con- nohler and saner propaganda, than the practic.d
vert .the iron law of wage into one of papier mache propaganda of tearhing the pf>ople the means of limitand tear it asunder with~he
r atest ease. A single ing the nnmher of thf'ir children.
workman can demand and
1ve higher wages than
Yon see tha young woman 1 She is pale, thin, ex,
}
.
I
�The Western Comr-ade
hausted. She has been married eight years and is
the mother of five children. 'i'hey take away ev~ry
minute of her time, exhaust every atom of her energy.
What should we do with her? Teach her Socialism T
Yes. But if you will at the same time teach her how
~e can guard herself aga,inst having any more children, you will have done more for her than Socialism
ever has or ever will do, and she ~11 be correspondingly more grateful. Socialism will improve the conditions of the people in time to come; the lrnowledge
of the limitation of offspring helps today, tomorrow,
and every other day. And that is the beauty of it.
You need no committees, no organization, no conventions, no resolutions. · It can be spread from mouth
to mouth , without any concerted action; all that is
requisite is to become convinced of·its great value, of
its absolute necessity for the people in our present
social-economic condition, both as a -weapon of defense
and offrnsc. The Socialist Party, if it adopted the
limitation of offspring propaganda as a part of ~ts progr·am, could, through its locals, spread this knowledge
like wildfire, and no greater·, no more effective ammunition could he put into th e hands of the people. It
would also swell the army of Socialist Party members
enormously. This is rather an opportunistic point of
Yiew, and I do not urge the acloption of the propaganda
on that score, for I do not helieve that the Socialist
Party shoulcl be a vote-hunting party, primarily. But
where the increase in the memhership is the result of
r eal, practical, beneficial work, where the people emhra re Socialism because they sec that.membership means
an imm ediate betterment in th eir condition, an acquisition of knowledge, nobody has a right to object.
I !mow a young man an~ a young woman, both en-
Socialism
book on American syndicalism, John
I NGrahamrecent
Brooks has the
to say about Sol~is
f~llowing
cialism in the United States:
"Socialism steadily wins its way underneath all
differences. Language, religion, forms of government
set no barrier to its growth, because the causes of Socialism undetlie all these.
''The causes have their roots in the discovered excesses of a competitive system that fails to meet the
minimum of equality which powerful sections, in these
communities now demand. In no part of the world
have these excesses been more riotous than in the United
States. rowhcre have they been brought mote widely
or more directly home to the p1asses than in this coun- try. The magnitude of our area and of our economic
r esources have concealed and delayed the exposure.
21
gaged in literary work; they were delightfully suited
to each other, and they loved each other in quite the
old-fashioned way. They dearly. 'vanted to · get married, but their meager income was .iii the way. They ·
two could live on it very well; ·but the spectre of
numerous progeny stood before them. How could they
afford to have several children on their. meager and uncertain income 1 They could not, and in the meantimetheir health suffered; heis even more than his, She'
was really becommg a pjtiable sight. . They learned
how t!_ley cbuld delay_ ~~d · control the appearance of
chil:dren ;.'they"got 'married; her he'a lth became blooming ; and a happier couple it is h~rd to find. And the·
woman, who"is a ·.Socia:list, said recently in her woman's.
inconsequential manne!, that ,the best thing Socialism
did for her was that it gave her means-indirectly, but
she might not ha·ve- be~n ah1e to learn it. otherwiseto live happily with the ·man she loved. And she has
adopted as hers th e motto: 'rh ~re is no single measure
that would so posit'ively., so'immediately, contribute to
the happiness and progress of the human race as teaching the p eople the proper means of the prevention of
conception.
This brief article deals with-or rather hints at_:
the benefits of the knowledge of th e 'prevention of conception to the individual coupJe. The temptation is
great to dilate upon the influence that such universal
lmowl edge would have upon th e race as .a whole, the
r elationship of population to . the food supply, · the
eugeni c or dysgenic effects of such knowledge, etc.
And the temptation is almost irresistible to enter upon
a discussion of the effects of the rational control of
the birth-rate upon the most important and most ·sinister event of the hour-'-War.-New Review.
•
lS
Coming
·with the opening of the twentieth century the exposure
has come.
" After three decades of .ohscnre and fitful struggle·
Socialism becomes part and parcel of our political and
social structure. It no longer stammers . exclusivelyin a tongue half learned. It is at home m every American ¢1.ialect. It no longer apologizes; it defies. Almost
suddenly it wins a Congress-man, · fifty Mayors, and:
nearly a thousand elected officials·.
''One of our most commanding figures in the railroad world says that the only practical issue now is to•
'stave Socialism off as long as possible.' He is convinced that the first chill of th e shadow has fallen upon
us. There is much reason to believe that Socialism in
its more revolutionary character is from now on to
han its most fruitful field in the T nited States.' r
)
�22
The WesternComrade
The Soldier Who Wouldn't
B y A.
N
ElL LYO
S
OW, what they aid exactly I did not ·p'erfectly
"::\Ie?" he aid, in an wer to a que tion from the
hcer nor can I perfectly state, because I wa in bald-headed man. "_le orf to the front T'
ro, port.
drink ( arnmoniat f'd quinine ) at the time, and..! am in I don t wanter go to no front. ·I 'm orf o London; I
drin~ hririts of niter ) , now. )lay has arri,·ed far ·am; to Ca ~a Bl_anea ~ if ya know where that i ?"
soonr·r than I had been led to expect, . ~nd her allied
'I do not. ,. aid the bald-headed man. ·
frH·ees h<t n~ pffect ively bombarded the narrow of my • · "Then I ·t>·e you : ain't 'tudied pan ish," rejoined
n~spiratory Dardam·llt>s. They have likewise clo ed. the ·. oldi r. ~:Tlial: ;
a .'pani h cxpre ion, meanin'
hoth r·yes.
\\~hitechapel iu a common · way o'
peakin '. \Yell.
:-\o I sat in the cOI'Iler of the railway carriage as I
sit rrow- rny shoulders hunclwd, my throat and .mouth
inn·stt·d, my ~'Y''s bottled up; ~·ith no means of seeing,
srwaking. thinking, or eating, hut i:Jot accustomed to
pl:1yi ng thf' harp.
\\'<'11 , thr·11, thly all got into the carriage and I
<·otdd lll'ar tha t tht>r<' w1·r·e fin· of them, and that four
out of 1lr1· fin· m· r·e soldi,. r·s. OuP of t he soidier·s talked
IIJtH·h a r:d thP oth1•r· thr't'<' agTP<'d with him. The soldi,·r· who t a lf<,.d mnt·h was t\·idently of London o-rigin.
11 is SJH•t·t·h W<ts in f'c·r-trd with t he accent and intonation
whidr is t·u ltin1 t r·d h.v thP inhahitnuts of that eity, and
it rl'fll'f'l :·d. a lso, a Lor1d on turn of thought anu philosop hy. I •·ot dd not SPC his fa1·e, hut from what I eould
Jr par of it , it \\'ll.S OllP of' tJr osp I'OUild anu rather• stol id
f'nl·i•s, h:1 ,·in g a sq ua r·<· hlue ehin and a sinall, aggressiYI' nos•·. and a mouth mu ch \\' or·n . with coutroYersy.
,\nd \'t• r·.v small <•yf's, " ·iril' lr w ere lit with a bright
f·tamf'- eitlr er· of ange r or· joy.' 1 don't know· which.
No r· do t·s anyhod,v e lse. Tt is th e 'misfortune of th ese
fa res th a t nobody ra n evet' make up his mind whether
t o tr·pa t tlw m · very seriou sly or se r.e am with lau ghter
at t lr <·m.
I ·an 't tell you anything about this soldi er 's t!n·ee
f•ompnnion s. 1 couldn 't h ear their faces at all. I
rou ld only hear t h r ir· names, which wer e Joe, l3ill, anq
gam , rel'lpec tively.
The fifth disturber· 'of my fevered vigil in that
Punch,
jolty, sm oky, stiAin g car· "·as an individual of some
TilE SULTAN "OVER THE WA'l'EH.''
. Mehmed V. (to Constantinople): " I don't want tq
civilian s pec ies. At first I tho~1 ght h e was a clergyman.
leave you. but I think I ought to go."
'l' h c·n I thou ght he was a layman, who had cultivated
habits of order ; a schoolmaster , p erhaps, or an act~ary
or· an a dj uster of sewing machines. I could h ear that that's wh er t> I'm go in '. That ·s where my 'orne is and
he had a hald lwad , was clean-shaven and wore pinee- my missus, and a fe w littl e gawdfe rs. I 'm goin' 'ome
nez. I crouched a little closer to my corner, and I for 'oliday. I ain't go inter no f ront nor don't d:unn
d ec ided to makr him a sewing machine exp ert and well want t o.''
leave it nt that.
'' Oh, don't say th a t !'' protested th e bald-headed
gentlema n .
'fhen , with my throRt and eyes tight closed, I willed
myself. to die. l3ut the will wasn't good · enou gh. I
''But I do say it, sport. If I go to the front, I shall
lived. I lived to h ear· the 'hlne chinned soldier fo r swear be killed. I shall be killed at once. Before a ny o' my
himself.
mates 'er e."
�· The Western Co -m rade
'' Ob, don •t say that,'' repeated the bald-headed
gentleman.
"But I do say it, sport; and my friends 'ere know
it's right what I say. Ain't that right, Bill ! Ain 't
that right, Samf Ain't that right, Joe T"
Bill-That's right!
Sam-That's right!
Joe-1hat's Right!
"I'm goin' 'orne for a 'oliday," continued the soldier, "and I got a shillin' in me pocket to, spend on it.
That's what they leave me out o' me week 's pay-a
f!hillin' An ' me a bloke as 'as always earned a pound
a week I''
"What do you belong to ?·' inquired the baldheaded gentleman.
'''!\feY" replied the soldier. "l belongs to Kitchrnpr's SpiPndid Army. That's what I belong to. Them
wbat you SC<' on the pictures. They overwork us. They
UrJd erfecd us. And t hey pay us a bob a. week! "
" Oh, c·om1• !"murmured the bald-headed gentleman.
" J 'm comin' along quick enough," the soldier astmrPd him . " 'Vhat I 'm trllin ' you is the truth. 'Vhat 's
morr, J can say worsr. Th ey don't look arter us when
we're ill. I tell you th ey don 't. A little mate o' mine,
in the transport, a fine little soldier he the name o'
F'r·eddy C:h<'witt, 'c fell orf 'is 'oss the other mornin'
Hnd 'e hroke 'is leg, and they sends for the doctor and
' gives 'im two pills. What '1 You can't believe iU
Then kcrp tr·yin' till ya ean, sport. Don't intermpt
my story. That same night another bloke, a person '}
fri end o' min<', a soldier in my platoon, 'e falls ill
with earache. They
doetor--and 'e comes, and e giv this ch p t o pillsthe aroe ~o pills-well, two pills o th
thea This mornin I m a bit out o or
sore front an' that-so I go to this am do tor; and
'e does it again-two pills. "arne two pills I Ain
that right, Bill f Ain't that righ.t, Joe? Ain t th t
right, Sam T"
Bill-That's right!
Joe-That's jight!
Sam~That's right!
"Well, there's yar Kitchener' army port.
w
can h\ o pills cure cvcrythink1 'Ow can th nme two
pills cure an- earache, a sore froat, and a broken leg'
Well, it ain t coinmon re~ on. Kit h n r ' Splndid
Army! Wish I'd never joined it, nor m pal ne th r.
Wish I'd never . 'eerd of it. 'l'reat a man like a dog.
Overwork 'm. Und<'r feed 'im. Break 'is I gs. Give
'im two pills. Deduct 'is pay. r. .eave 'im a. boh a \Ve k I
Coo! ·lt rila1<es ·me go ~osey to think of it. And th n
you arst me if T'm go in' tQ the front. Why, I "ood n
go to the front for a thousand quid. Why wooden IT
Because I got a brother at the front. Ain't that right,
Bill? Ain't thatright, Sam? Ain't that right, JoeY"
Bill-That's right!
Sam-That's right!
Joe-That's right!
"D 'yeer that? " said the soldier. "D 'yeer what
my mates say? I got a broth<'r in the army. I persuaded 'im to join. 'E's at the front now. If I go
to the front, 'e 'II bluggy well shoot me. "-'l'he Clarion.
Woman
By ODELL T. FELLOWS
t
•
Forth she steps in all her splendor,
Beckoning toward the coming time;
0 the heart of her so tender!
0 the faith and love sublime!
Ever neath the grievous burden
Have her fragile shoulders bent,cant indeed, ha been the guerdon
That the waiting years have sent.
Yet within her, deathless ever,
Throbbed the love, divine and pure.
Wrong and grief could cru~it never,Born to conquer and endure.
Cleaving to her cruel master,
Aiding him the heights to climb;
Triumphing o'er all disaster,
She has stood the test of time.
Once did love, a strange rare blossom,
0 · r her life its fragrance shed;
On<:e th re lay within her bosoiQ,
weet tmd fair, a childi h head.
But the love-dream quickly vani hed;
Childle
at he at her gate. ·
~ n her hort-li ed joy wa baui bed
By the ternn
of her fate.
Now behold the vision glodou.s,Man and woman meet at last
Side by side, to stand victorious
0 'er the errors of the past.
Naught of mastery or slavery
Shall the future aues blight,
W oman' lo"\'e and faith and bravery,These havP won the age-long fight.
�T h e W e s t e r n C o m ·r a d e
24
•
Murmt.irings tn
a Field Hospital
By CARL SANDBURG
(They picked him u p in the g rass where he had lain two days in the rain with a piece of shrapnel in his lungs.)
C
O :'liE to nw only with playthings now . . . .
A pidur·r· of a sin g in g woman with blue eyes
~tundin~ at a f1•nr~P of hollyhocks, poppies and suntlowt·r·s . . .
Or :tr1 old man l rPmPrnhrr sitting with children telling stor·i t·s
Of days that 111'\'t•r· happt·Iwd anyw here in the
\\'Or!t I
No more iron cold and r eal to handle,
Shaped for a drive straight ahead. ·
Br·ing me only bealJ,tiful: useless things.
Only old home things touched at sunset.
And at the windo~ one day in summer
Yellow of .the· new. cr.o ck of butter
Stood against the red of new climbing roses
And the world. was ~-ll playthirigs.
To Our St. Anthony
By CHA RLES W. WO OD
0
,\:\TilONY, St. Anthony, we humbly bow to
thee,
To th.v most hol y i~norallt'(' aud matchless purity.
Thou sPizt·st our ma~azint>s, hut eYen though we've
missed 'em,
'Twas for our nwr·a l uplift that we huilt th e postal
system.
Oh, s pt·Pd th. ~ day, ,,.,. pra.v thrr , to that pur·t· aml
l'irtuous t> t Hiin~
Wltt•n al l sha ll he as dull ;!'> tht•t• and Natur·c'll quit
of't't·nding-.
And dost thou not, dear saint, percei\·e a great contamination
"
In books about the doings of ~he vegetable creation Y
Thy holy mind, undoubtedly, must view with eyes
askance .
Those dreadful, lewd directions how to fertilize the
plants.
Oh bl es·s us, saint, ·with all the v irtuous ignorance
we need,
'l'o k eep our minds protected from the secret of the
seed.
Prott>d Ot ll' hrnin s, dear st upid saint, from P\'e r·.vth in g th at's human,
Espp(•ia!ly from thr lo:-rthsomc thou ght that we were
horn of woman.
Oh, speed t hP d ar·lo1C'Sf\ r hat shnll spread from :\la,.jJJe
•·lea r clown to Tt'Xas,
W ht•n no ,\ nwrit·nn s hnll luww thr sec r·ct of th e
sexes ;
Whrn a ll sha ll presnpposr. IYith minds foreYer frr c
f r·om sin,
That woman's shapr docs- uot extend fa r down helow hrr· chin.
We trust that t hou wilt drape the curs that wander
past our flat
And put at least a fig leaf on our neighbor 's Thomas
rat.
Go ouj into om· pastur·es, pl ease, and civilize the
h erds ;
1\nd whil e thou 'rt at it, Anthony, put pants upon
the birds.
•
From horTid sights of Nature wr \Yonld be forever
"'-free;
Jf nrrd he, gougr our eyes out so \\·e 'll he as blind
as thee.
Unsex om· dr·ama , Anthony, hy taking woman
out ;
Destroy a ll a rt ; for goo<l nes.<; sakr, put liter ature to
rout.
Burn all those a wful hooks that tell how chickens
come fro m eggs;
Burn all those awful pir tnres wh er e the "ladies a ll
have legs.
And may -our postal laws, d ear saint, drop h eavily,
ket1hug,
On every sexual referen re to man or brute or
bug.
And when thou 'r·t finished, Anthony, with art and
N attire, too,
And all that's male or female has come under thy
taboo;
And when at last all things in sight are stamped
with thy approval,
Or· r lsr with some anathema that calls for their
r emoval ;
\\re hope that thou wilt guide us wher e our sinful
nature fails,
By stamping every woman with: "Excluded From
the Ma.les. ''
- The Masses.
�T he W ·e s tern Co m rad e
Slams at Shams
What 'II we do to the paragrapher
who says Przemysl held out for quite
a spell?
No, Hor·tense, we do not know who
<·onverted the Prinz Eitel Frede.r ich
--possibly Billy Sunday.
*eapture
**
While th e
of Przemysl
was without doubt a great achievement , it can scar·cely be call ed a prorJOunel'd victory.
**
':~
A po••t philosopher said: "The
world knows what two know . '' If
this be true, what of all the seer·ets
that just two know '!
~int·<· the Sulta11 's d eel<rt·a tion of
\rar, the Tur·kish da ily newspaper,
the lkdmn , has issued nxtras hourly
with red ink st·ar<'ltcads. From the
rP!·k lPss ap])l'Hranee of the sheet the
<·Jitors don't eare a ikdarn for ex]WIISI'S.
\\'ht•ll th e attxiliarv emiser· Pt·i11z
Eitr l Fn·deri eh <·utt•r:ed the ?-Jot-folk
harhor·. Boy-Ed, naval attache, hast<·nf'd from Washington to consult
with t hr (·nmmanJrr. Dispatchl's do
not statt· \\'hl'th<'t' Dot·- Yak \\'t•Jlt on
hoard.
-- -With ThPodor·e Roosevelt t ea r in g
into Bryan's diplomacy, or laek
tiH•rpof, in t he :Metropolitan, and Bi ll
Taft gf'tti n g in on t he first page of
the ~aturday Evening Post with a
t rrTifie <·t·itie ism of \ Vi lson 's spendthrift policy, t he ad111inistn1tion m ust
he boiling in its own grease.
•I
~-
I
' !
' I
, I ,
d
Will ~ve you up-to-date Information about
The Socialist Movement
The Labor Movement
Co-operation
Exploitation
W ~ges and Hours
Unemploymenl
Child Labor
Woman and Labor
Industrial Accidents
Poverty ·
;-~
\l agazin c writer's are maki ng much
of lTPn r·y F'ot·d ~ s "horse-sense metho.ds of making_men out of crimina ls."
A for· ce of eigh ty men ar e k ept busy
in th e fa ctory "sociological departm ent' ' looking after t h e r ecord of the
Pmp]oycs. 'l'he s pace w r iters fail ttl
mention t he fact that Union men and
Sot·ia lists nrc not worth ex p erimentlltg upon.
•
Tltt: Hi~h Cost of Living
W :llite S~avery
Cl\iine ·. · ·
The Old Parties
The ?.rogressive~
Syndicalism .
Concentration 'of Wealth
Th~ Trusts
Profits
. So~'ialist~ ~ Office
and many other things of interest · to Socialists
and student s-too many to · mention:
It has been compiled by the · INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF · THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and is the most complete reference book of that
character that has ever been published.
Bound in flexible cloth, 350 pages.
,
T hr Br·itish admira)ity annoutH:es
t ha t Britis h· picket boat's h ave sunk
the Br·itish submarine E-J::i. 'l'h a:t
may be H strong hid fm· first pla ce in
th P wo rl d's d tampion hoo h class, but
i t " ·ont win. Th e U. S. navy sunk
thr battleship Ma itw last mont h in
t hr basin at t he Brpoldyn mwy yard.
\\' c sti ll· hold t he b elt.
* *
THE SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN BOOK 'FOR .1914
50 CENTS A COPY.
•
THE WESTERN COMRADE $1 PER YEAR
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T elephone Home A-4533
Hom e A -2003
Main 619
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
A . J . STEVENS
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
306 South Broadway
Dentis t
Room 514
Los Angeles, Cal.
�The West ern C omrade
The Temple of Gold .
By Rab.indranalb Tagme
Here's One Magazine
You Want
Charles Edward Russell
"The reason why I advise all persons
that believe in a f ree press to sup port
P earson's A1 Of!,azine is because Pearsoli's is the only great magazine that
is free."
Pearson's Magazine is the .
only magazine of its kind.
Its form enables it tqdepend
on its readers alone -on
advertisers not at all. It
can and does, ther.efore,
print facts which no magazine that depends upon
advertising for a liYing can
"afford" to print. It does
print such facts every
month. Every issue contains the truth about some
condi tion which aff.ects
your daily welfare, which
you want to know and which
you can find nowhere else. .
Besides, it prints as much
fic tion and other entertainment as any general maga-·
zine. If you want one
radical magazine to live and
grow ,subscribe to Pearson's.
Pearson's is the only big
magazine in America in
which the Socialists get an
equal opportunity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Socialism is presented by t~e leading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. B enson and Chas. Edward Russell.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
Here's Another Magazine :Vou Want
The Western Comrade
Th e only illustrated ·socialist magazine west of Chicago. It Is
<'Xi'ell cd hy none in America. Hundr eds of subscriptions are
1 :,·oming in from Socialists who are anxious to keep in touch
\\'it h news of the d eYelopment of the Llano del Rio Colony.
Onr :1im is to make t he magazine better and brighter with each
issul'. Subscription by the year 1.
COMBIN'ATION
B~·
speei:1l :1rrm1gement with P earson 's we will send you
THE WESTERN COMRADE and PEARSON 'S MAGAZINE
ONE YEAR FOR $1.50
Addre. s Cireulatmn Dept., 9?A
Riggin~
Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
"SIRE, " announced the ervant to
the King, ''the t. . rarottam
never deign to tep into your royal
temple. He i singing God' prai e
under the tree by the open road. '!'he
temple i empty of all wor l1ipers.
· They flock round him like bees round
the fragrant white lotu . leaving the
"'olden jar of honey unheeded.' '
'l'he King, vexed at heart., went to
the pot where Narottam at on the
grn . . He a ked him, "Fathet·, why
leave my t emple of tlte golden dome
and it in the du t out ide to preach
God's love ?"
"Because God is not thet·e in your
tPmplP," said ~a rottmn .
·
'l'he J< in!! ft·o wned and said, ''Do
?OU !mow '20.000,000 of gold have
J~een spent on that mar vel of art, and
. the temple w:1s duly consecrated to
God with costly rite ?"
•
"Yes, I kno\,·," ans\,·ered I arottfim. "It " ·as the dread year, when
1housands of your people lost their
h omc·s in fil·c and stood at your door
fo r help in vain . A11d God said,
' The poor creature who can give
11 0 sheltet· to his
broth ers would
aspire to build my house.' Thus he
took _his place with the shelterless
under the t r ees hy the road. And
t hat gold en huhhle is empty of a ll
hut h ot vapor of pride. "
Th e King cried in anger , "Leave
myland!"
·
f'a lml y sa id ·the saint, "Yes, banish m~' wh<'re yon have h11nished my
God."
Dissappointrnent
'f'h<' c·a r· conductor was a~out to
the Tnetorman tWO heJJs to go
ahPad .
" Wait," shrill eel an unmistakably
fc>mininc yoiec, "wait till I get my
c:lothes on.''
·w hPreupon n men and 37 women
tur·ned to rubber.
A fat woman lifted hct· hasl>et of
lan ndr·y aboard. The car went on.
~i \' C
Going With Prince
to
"\ ,·er.v snu.tll hoy was trying
lc·:~<l a hig y<·llow dog up the road.
'·\\'fwre ar·<· ~'O il (!'Oing to take the
do![. my littl<• m:m ?'' inquired a
passrrby.
"1-l'm goinj!' to S<•c• wherewhere he wa nt1> to go, fir ·t," was
the hrcathlei':S reply.
�T e
es era Coar d-
For Profit
''
0 • !ellow• don't know
bow~
f'b#i'at, and I hope you von •t
J~m, '' ff:iid a groeer, who had
J~o«m,bt ~Um~e Jm tf'r from the Llano
~M Wo coJont.t•. ThU. grocer was
wHHug to pay ;, cent. a pound more
dmu tht' rnarkl!t pri(!f' if he could sel!UI't! Jmttf'!r frmn tht• colony dairy.
HiH l~tomirH Jiked the hotter
msuJt• fly mt•n und wom •n as guilel~s
tllf thmw who work in the colony
dairy. 'J'lll'y don 't pot in poison pre'wr vsttiveH iW 1•oloring matter. 1•hey
milk~· Jmttt•r 1" t•at and tbPy keep it
purt•, 'rhl! i·olouiHtM do not poisou
IIH•IIJMI'h'I'H wi1h the food they prod 111'1'. 'J'Jw Jt'HH()Il IWI'InH HO ohvious
that Olll' III•Hitati•H to poiut to it.
\\'ht•JI thl• rwoplt• of tlw worlcl grt
HI'IIHI ' f'lll!ll~h
to
1'0- 0 JWI'III ('
and ttl
pr•od 111'1' food for· uxt• and not f ot·
pr·o(Jf II"'Y will uot Joww how to
''ht•Jit 1111d poi ~;on f'IH·IJ otht•r- f'or
Pl'oflt : 1o lit• und slt•ltl- f'ot· pt·ofit.
'l'l11• i11d h ·idufils, J.(' I'O IIpf! und nations
wi II Ht op 11111t'd!•J•i II J.r I' !It'll ot II t•r- f'oJ'
pmll t.
_:a
Ste~eoptico•
Anyone can lecture with the aid of pictur ; th y t ll tb
story, you point out the moral. Picture _draw a 'ero . d wh r
other means fail. They make your work doubly ffectiv .
We tell you how to get the greatest ·results at th 1 n t
expense.
Send· stamp for complete 'informatio'n. · . '
W.
SCOTT LEWIS
.
Los Angeles, California
3493 Eagle Street.
abbler
" Itt r
OIIHI'I'\'illJ,r tilt• S\11' • •ss of' the Billv
i'l1 111dti.V llll't hod~ in 1ht• tna ttt·t· 1;1'
t•OII\'I'I'MiOll, 1'111•k !'ii'H'S to Allgg<•st th11t
t l11• 11tlt•t11pt lit• 11111d n to npply the
Hill Ill' uwt hods to ot IH'l' • hul'(~h t't't't'lllltllit•s 1111d Ill' I h·i t il's pt• po. ing thl'
l'ollowin ~ot I'OI'lltllln~;:
11
PnstOI'
(t•hl'istl'niug- infnnt ) \\' hut do you wnnt to l'Hll this hunk
ot'
P.' t•\'AA lHl!ljlfljll', ] o Y'
'
Pr•t•sidinll PAl'HOn- ' \\'h11t mi:ernhlt• nmtt J.th·l't·h thi .• kit·t t be mHl'l'it•tl to this A"ink ' The Rt·ill · :F'ntlll'l ''l 'm thl' A'"~' .'
lntlnstl'it}ll· l'"hl't' -''. 'lidl', yon
h•t•t•n I'Is! 81 idt•!''
Pnssiu~ tlw Plnh' - '
uw 1wro
with t ht• it'fln-nwu, von low-lh·ell
ti~ht ·\\'~Hl. .''
.
•'ntl thl~'
" < ll
~l'h110l
,'upt•l'iutt•mlt>ntl'S thnt want
,"' thm, shmtl on IH' lt•!!- ..
of ;'1'0\1 littl1• tlin
tn :wt1t
dl
•
f
ruth
ft•h•ml tuul l, mu' .·tm1m1•r ' , day,
~ ~'hitt• iu
truthrul .·,wll.
• ~r;,·~ l ''" thi.· tl1at 1•om~· what ma~-,
&\I'll tltllt•t'': fault • '"" ·,t h•ll.
W.- l'"'int"'l rn•t Uh• fal' ,. and fft"a
"\-.- '" :- U1an half 8 \\'\'<l'k• ntl m1w it',· ttuih• 8 . h' of yfl"n ~, ''""' ~ _.. "'•'r...' knQ u 1o ~ ~
Gen. Otis says editorially in The Times, of
EVERYMAN
(By Luke North)
" H Ia\\· and ordct·, respect for conventions and property right&
are to be maintained in this laud and its civilization ·ontinue<l,
publications like EYeryman must be suppressed . . "
•
And again Gen. Otis says:
"It lamentably brilliant pages pervert art to the cunning
u e. of ocial disturliers . . . "-and also, says the Ge raJ, still
peaking of EYeryman:
-'It i di turbing to mental stability."
Thauk you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
f1·om the Lo Anaeles Times.-Luke.
EVERYMA
<Monthly)
-&neb I ue Has an Important Lec-ture or Euay by
Clarence Darrow
Year .,.1 ..50. Copy 2.5
516 Am riean Bank
Bldg~
~nts
Los .An _eles
�28
The Western Comrade
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~43
Ente red as second-class matter at the
post otllce at Los Angeles, Cal.
1124 Higgins Building, Loa Angeles, Cai.Sub•cription Price One Dollar a Year
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. I~
~y, 1915
No, 1
One Year's Achievemen t
TIll S llttmiH·r· of' the WES'fERN
('0:\1 HADE mat·ks the beginuinK of' th(• thin] yea!' of its publication. During tht' pnst two yca!'s
th t' magazine has enjoyed a popularity that r·<m·ly c·onws to t•adicalJ et·iodir·als. It has had its ups and
do,,·ns in ;r fi nnn•·inl ,,·ity, hut _has
\\'Pat hn••d a ll stor·rns arid now
t'll1l'l'I.(< •S, il J't<•J' H Yl'lll' \ llllparallt>JCd
finatll·ial df'JH't•ssion in th!• husincss
\HJrld , str·o11gt•r n11d ht>tt cr· Prpr i ppt•d
for tht> stl'llgglt• tlr;r11 t·H~l· lwl'or·P.
SilH·•· .\ lay, l!Jl-t, t lr1• \\'ESTE l{~
('0:\IIU\DE hns lll'<·n 11ndrr· thP pr·<•s''nl mallag•·mPnt and d11r·ing that period it ltns gr0 \\'11 stt-adil.v i11 popularit y an d •·ir·,·ulat ion. ( 'o llsidt•r·nhl c
of' this popularity is due to the fact
that I Itt• Srwinlists of Amcr·ica a re
pay in g tiiOrt· aftt•ntion to pnwli<·nl
('0-0fli'J'at i \'t• PI! tt·r·pris,•s than ,.,.,.,.
lwfor·P. 'l'hr r·pg ul ar monthly story
gi\'ing an outline of the progress of
the· Llano cl cl J{io CO-OJWrativC' Colony has JWOven a g rrat attraction
and has lwPn one of the largest facto rs in inc r·rasing the ('if't•ulation or
t.he magazine.
In one vcar we havr lllOI'C than
{!ouhlcd tl;c Pir·C'nlation and th is has
h!'Pil donP without any cries for h!'lp
<>I' " hnllyh oo · ' fo r suppor·t.
'I' he
only nttPmpt 1o SN'lll'e su hscribct·s
hns hPPn hy thP legitimat c- mrnns of
<>lnh offer·s and combinations with
othrr· Roeia list puhlications. On the
ot.h!'r hand rom r·ades at many points
h a\'P Yolnntarily g-oiw into thr field
a 11d wOJ'l\r1l up elubs and sent in
lat'g<' lists1 of subscriher·s and srnt
them in with ~trong l!'tters of praise
fo r t he mag-azin e nnd encoUJ·agement
fm· t lw "'d itors. 'l'wo comr·ades be!'mne so inte r·ested thnt they quietly
crratt"d an intt>I'rst in a small hut deYotrd gt·onp of Socinlists with the
r rsult that 400 publi!· libraries in t he
middle :md west ern statrs, now grt
th e WESTERN COMRADE on paid
annual subscr·iptions. This is hut
one instance of thr int erpst. and en-
thusiasm of the comrades of Cali- amounted to just two during
fornia.
twelve months both. in the same ·
"I ean sell a thousand a month mail-one because we · were "proif you keep the colony stories go- German'' and -the other because· we
ing,'' writes a comrade who is ac- ''favor Engiand. ''
tively engaged in SJ)reading SocialRenewals have been almost the
ist propaganda in the northern unanimous rule of our subscribers.
states.· This speaker sold 115 This is the surest stamp of apWESTERN COMRADES at one proval.
meeting.
'l'he
WESTERN
COMRADE
"It sells on sight," writes an-· st~rts in the year stronger' and more
otlier prominent organizer..
confident than ever before. We
''The WESTERN COMRADE is w1sh to t.al\e this opportunity to
now our best seUer,'' ·de'Clares a thank our thousands· Of friends for
pr·oprietor of a large bookstore their encouragement and support.
<lC'alin g extensively in radi1!al pub- .,-[The Editors.]
·
Iil'ations in a large Pacific coast · ·
city.
It a Jabot?
.:\II of this is most gratifying and
Father's
m·eal
is cooked
it tends to show that the mngazinP
· In a steaming casserole
is 1·oming as near· as is possihle to
\\'hil t> !why's meal is warmed
plrasing thr ,·ast majority of
~eath a dainty camisole.
Otll' rt'adP t'S.
C'anerllntions.- !tan~
Or is
1,ooo
Copies Sold pn Pralfcation Orders!
SOCIALIST
WAR MANU.A L
A Revolutionary Interpr etation of the European Armageddon and the
Temporary Collapse of Internationalism
Contains:
IMMEDIATE CAUSES
By Louis C. Fraina
GENERAL CAUSES
By Frank Bohn
MILITARISM
By Floyd Dell
THE ATTITUDE OF ITALY •
By Pro!. Arthur Livingston
ANTI - WAR MANIFESTOES
By the European Socialist Parties " SOCIALISM AND THE WAR
By Isaac A. Hourwich, Ph. D .
HOW GERMAN SOCIALISTS DIVIDED
By William English Walling
BRITISH AND AMERICAN SOCIALISTS ON THE WAR
Summary and Criticism of articles by Bernard
Shaw, H. G. Wells, H. M. Hyndman. Ramsa'y MacDonald, Hobe rt Blatchford, Victor Berger, . Eugene
Debs and Charles Edward Russell.
This Socialist War Manual Will Probably Become Historic.
Scholarly-Comprehensive--Indispensable
Price, 15 Cents a Copy
Special Low Rate, bundles of five or more
NEW REVIEW
80 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK
�T
e
ester
Co
d
r
College Town Democracy
TilE questioo of the democracy of
Yale and New Haven, as eomf'ared with ~ aristocracy of Harvard and Boston, bas been revived
by the Rev. Dr. Samuel C. Bo.sbnelJ,
of Bo8ton, a prominent Yale alumnus,
and D an .Jon s, of Yale. Dr. Bush..
n •Jl mallc ft public at the banquet of
thr~ Waterbury Alumni Association,
wlt .. u lw r ecited the following poem:
1 'm from good old Boston,
'J'he hom • of the bean and the cod,
Wlwr · th1· Cabots speak only to
LoweiiH,
And th1• Lowells speak only to
God.
l>J·. Hw;hlii'IJ sent th e poem to Dean
.lolll•H, of the a1·ademic dcpadmcnt of
YH ll', who, af't<•r c-onsu lt ing' t he
lllliMt'H, wrote bacl<:
I l f'l'l•'s to 111(• tow 11 of New ITa\·en,
'J'Ji,. horn e· of th • '1'1·utll and the Lig ht,
\\'h1• r·" Clod t all<~; to .Jones
I n !Itt• v<· r·y satrw tones
'J'lr nt hi' 11sc•s with ll adl <'y and
lhl' if.( ht.
Wierd Combine
A lllll ll , whilt• wa ndc1·in g in th e
villlt f.( • l'CIIl l' 1 ' ry, saw a monume nt
a nd r•t>ntl with suqwise th e iusc ript ion on it : "A la wye 1· a ud au hon-
Colony Bab Arri es
Llano
hnitzer arrived at
th
colony a few day before
this magazine went to pre .
H t>r parent , )lr. and Mrs. Wm.
• choitzer, ha"\"e been in the Llano
clt•l Rio Community_ about four
month . This i the first baby"born
at Llano. The colony phy !cian
and· trained nur es were in attend:
ance.
)lu
THE JONES BOOK STORE
226 West First St., Lo Angels, Cal.
Headquarters for the best Socialist
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The American Socialitt ~--•I
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and proparanda
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offici l ·buain a
of the Socialist Party.
. ·Emy Socialist. Etery Student of
lism should ba a subscriber.
Subscription Price
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924 Higgins Building
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Socialists Atten-t ion!
l'S t
lllUII. "
'l'h P 1111111
st•J'Iltc hccl his head a nd
lnok Pd nt th monum n t agaiu. H e
I'I'IHl t hl' ins •l'iption ove1· and over.
'l' ht•n hi' wnlk d a ll a round t he m o nunw nt nnd examined th e g ra ve
l' lO!Jl' lv.
not hl'r m a n in t he eemcte r·. I;J'PI'Onch d a n l a ked him :
•·n~l\'1' ou fou nd the <•rave of nn
old fri(•nd f" .
o' r pli d t h first man, "but I
wn, w n lt•ring how th
came t o
hn t·v tho
t w f How in one
~I'll~' , J
In order to place a copy of our ca.ta:logue
of unlon.- made goods In ~he hande of
every reader of The Western Comrade,
we will send postage prepaid, on receipt
of FIFTY CENTS •• one of our genuine
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T HE UNION LABEL.
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This card case contains four .pockets,
one large for bUls and papel'll, one tor
your dues-stamp book, and two with
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t~hlp cards. Tbls is the ONLY CARD
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Send fifty centa fn stamps or m011e1
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UTUAL U 10
(Tbe
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~
TRADI G COMPA Y
ve anJoD laiJd mereba.DdJ.-rw)
by member-. o! tbe worlttD.-
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�The Western -Comrade
30
First Aid to Serum
J T seems that the·· anti-tetanus
sernm has not been a complete
success, but the trouble is not so
much with the sernm as with the disease. The disease progresses so fast
that convulsions set in and the patient is so worn out by them that he
dies of asphyxiation before the antitetanus serum can become effective.
So it is seen that the serum would _
gladly do all that is expected of it,
if the disease would only be calm and
give it half a chance.
Dr. :\Teltszer, of the Rockefeller
Institute, thinks, however, that he
has found a way to overcome this
drawback. He proposes to inject 11.
solution of epsom salts into the
spinal membranP. · This is intended
to rl'lax the body cvmpletely and
rr·l it•\'(' tlw convulsions. The only
Wf'ak point about Dr. :\Jeltszer's
tr·<·atrnt•nt is that the patient will be
rclald'd so thoroughly that he can't
hrPathf', anrl drath will ensue.
But ll'i us not hf' diseouraged. If
\\'f' l«•Pp on tr·ying, we are sure to
find a way of I<PPping patients alive
whilr thr·y ar·P being poisoned and
mutilatcrl.-B. 0. J.
When a Man's Married
Thf' pnhlieity manager for a certain Ca lifornia co-operatiYe colony
was waxing a hit boastfnl whPn he
said:
"We got out 500 pirces of mail todav. ] mailed about a hundred dictat<'<l lcttcr·s. \\'e• ar·e poking them
down that littl r old mail chute faster
thnn Unrlc Ram's hir·ed mr n can car·t
tlwm away. Next week we'll--."
The speaker· paused and paled, ns if
a r hill had str·rwk him. He turned to
lll<'Pt thr stPPiy glare of a woman,
who . aid, icily:
" l'pr·hnps, while you are oYcrloading thP mail. yon will remember to
post thosr lrttrn; to mnmma which
J g-aYr yon a wrPk ngo Friday."
·
1
Crossing the Wash?
Motorist (hlockrd h~,. load of hay )
· -I s11y, t her<'. pull out and let me hv.
Fal'llH'l'- Oh. I 1lnnuo rz I'm in"
1111y hurry.
• ~rotori~t ( angTil~·)-You seemed
in a hurr~' to l<'t that other fellow '·
carriaf!e g-<'t pa, t.
Farmer·- That's c'nu. r hi hOI e
wnz Nttin' my lut~'· Ther haiu 't no
danger o' ye\\' eatiu · it, I reckon.
REVOLT
l.N MEXICO
Read the Correct Interptetation of Underlying Motives in the
Most Rema.rkabl~ and. Valuable Book .of the Year
The "A.fexjcan . People-Thejr Str.u ggle :for Freedom
·-ByL. Gutierrez de ~a.ra &n.d Edgcum.b Pinchon
•
'i' 'i'
'i'
Eugene. V. Debs says:
"., •
•
It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the tillers of
ti1e soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shcnvs that through all these centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have· been struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless. aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and .on the
other by ~.he military power.''
'i'
'i'
'i'
Georgia Kot1u1h says: .
"• •
• It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents the stark truth that
American and ''~d capitalism has been,
and is, in leagut against the proletariat of
l\Iexico for its own sordid interest. And
while ·the · Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of th e Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country."
'i'
'i'
'i'
Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
We will send you this book and The W estern Comrade for one
year for $2.00
�The Western Comrade_
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony
Ll an.6, California
Is the greatest Community Enterprise ever launched
T HIS
In America .
The colony was founded by Job Harriman and is situated ·
in Jhe bea utiful Antelope \"alley, Los Angeles County, Califv1nla, a few hour~>' ride from Los Angeles. The community
b solving the problem of dlsemployment and business failure,
and offers a way to provide for the future welfare of ·t.ne
workers and their families.
He re its an example or co-operation in action. Llano del
P.lo Colon.1· is an enterprise unique In the history of community _groups.
Some of t he aims of the colony are : to solve the problem
of unemployment by providing steady employment for the
11 orkers; to assure safety and comfort for the (uture and for
old age; to gua:-antee education for the children in the best
HdlOOI und e r· personal supen·ision, and to provide a social
life a rTji d su rroundings better than can be found in the com-·
l"'tlth·e world.
•
·
Some of th eRe aims have heen carried out during the
)'l'ar Hince th e C'Olony began to work out the problems that
('Ollfront pioneers. There are about 850 persons living at
the new town of Llano. There are now more than seventy
pupils in the sc hool. and several hundred are expected to be
Pnroll ed before a year shall have passed. Plans are under
II'HY for a school building, whi ch will cost several thousand
tlollars . Til e bonds have been voted and th ere is nothing to
delay the building.
Schools will open at th e fall term with classes ranging
from th e Montessori and kindergarten grades through the
intermediate whi ch Includes the first year in high school.
This gives th e pupils an ooportunity to take advanced subjects. Including languages in the colony schools.
The colony owns a fine herd of about 100 head of Jersey
and Holstein dairy cattle and is turning out a large ·amount
of dairy products.
There are about 150 hogs in the pens, and among them a
large numb r of good brood sows. This department will be
giren special attention and ranks high in importance.
Th colony has about forty work borses, a large tractor,
I wo truci{S and a number of automobiles. The poultry depar-tment has 800 egg-making birds, some of them blueribbon prize winners. About 2000 additional chicks were
atlded In May. This department, as all others, is in the
rh arge of an expert and it will expand rapidly.
About GO.OOO rainbow trout have been hatched in the colony's fish hatc-h ery, and it is intended to add several hundred
thousand each year.
There are several hundred hares in the rabbitry and the
runnag r of the department says the arrivals are in startling
numb rs.
Th re are about 11,000 grape cuttings in the ground and
thousand or deciduous fruit and ~hade trees in the colony
nurser y. This departp1ent Is being _steadily extended.
The community owns severa1 hundred colonies of bees
which are producing honey. This d<>partment will be in creased to several thousands.
Among other Industries the colony owns a steam laundry.
a planing mlll. a printing plant. a machine shop, a soil analv ls- laboratorj . and a number of other productive plants
ar c<>ntemplated. among them a cannery, a tannery, an ice
plant. a shoe factory, knitting and weaYing plant. a motion
picture company an(l factory.
Tbe colon! ts are farmin ~ on a largt> scale with the use
or m odern machinery, u. ing dentilic system and tried
mt-thods.
· · About 115 acres of garden is being planted tills year.
Social life In: tbe ~lony is most delightful. Entertainments and dances are regularly e. tablished functions. Baseball, basket-ball, teimis, swimm~g, ftslting. hunti
and all
other sports -and pastimes are popQlar with all ages.
SeYeral hundred acres are- now in a.lfalfa. which is expected to run six cuttings of ·.heavy .bay this season. There
4r.e two produCing orchards and . abbut fifty-five acres of
young pear. trees: Several hund'relf acres will . be planted in
pears and a pples neit year.
Six hundred and forty . acres have beim . set aside for a
site for a city. The.. building ~partment is making bricks
for. the construction of . hundreas of' homes. The city will
be the only one of its ltind in tlte· worJd. It will be built
with the end of being beautiful and! utilitarian.
There are 1000 memberships In the colony · and over 400
of them are subscribed for. It is believed that the remainder
will be taken within the next few months.
The broadest de mocracy prevails in the management of
the colony. There is · a · dinictora.te d'f ni.ne, elected by the
stockholders, and a community commission of ·nine, elected
by the General Assembiy_.:.all persons over 18 voting. Absolute equality prevails in every respect. The ult.lmate population of this colony will ~e between a~OO and 60'00 persons.
The colony is organized as a corporation under the laws
of California. The capltalizatiQn Is $2,000,000. One thousand
members are provided for. "Each shareholder agrees to subscribe for 20000 shares of stock.
Each member agrees to pay ·$2500 and will receive 2000
shares of capital stock and a deed to a lot 50x100 feet with
a modern residence erected thereon.
Each pays cash ($750) for 750 shares..
Deferred payments on the remaining 1250 shares and house
and lot are made by deducting one dollar per day (or more,
if. the member wishes to pay more rapidly) from the $4
wages of the colonist.
Out of the remaining $3 a day, the colonist gets the nece's sities and comforts of life.
The balance' r emaining to the individual credit of the
colonist may be drawn in cash out of the net proceeds of
the enterprise.
A per cent of the wages may be drawn in•cash.
Continuous employment is provided, and vacations a:-,.
ranged as may be desired by the colonist.
""'-.
Each member holds an equal number of shares of stock
as every other shareholder.
Each member receives the same ·wage as every other
member.
In case anyone desires to lea ve the colony bls shares
and accumulated fund may be sold at any time.
Are you tired of the competitive world?
Do you want to get into a position ·where- every hour's
work will be for yourself and your family?· Do you want
assurance of employment and provisions tor the future? Ask
for the booklet entitled "The Gateway to Freedom." Subscribe for The Western Comrade ($1.00 per year) , and keep
posted on the progress of the colony.
Address
C. V. EGGLESTON CO.
Fiscal Aa:ents
Llano del Rio Company
924 HigE::ins Building
Los Angeles, California
�y
t Jo Safe. ·
Hundreds are safeguarding ·themselves by joining the Llano del Rio Co-opera:tive Colony iil
the Antelope Valley, Los Angeles Ct>unty, California, where climate and suriot.indings.are ideal
for .an agricult~ral . and indus.tr.al community
-
This community is' doing constructive and
productive work in one of the most beautiful
valleys in Southern .California. The climate
and surroundings are ideal. The Colony was
founded and is conducted under the direct
supervision of Job Harriman, who has been
a. leader in the
Socialist
movement in America
for the past 25
years. The Colony is solving . ~or
its members and
their families the
serious problems
an d disemployment and insecurity for the future.
Here is an ~xample of COOPERATION IN
ACTION.
There were originally one thousand memberships. Nearly one-half of these are ' sold
and the remainder are selling rapidly. Men
and women of nearly every useful occupation are need~d in the community. These
men are following the latest scientific methods in farming, stock raising, da.iry:ing, poultrv production, beEt keeping, trout hatching
and rearing, and. other agricultural and industrial.pursuits. ~ociallife is·most delightful. If you are willing to apply the principles of co-operation of whl~h you have heard,
talked and·read so mu"h, here is your opportunity. Co-operation' is a practical thing and
must · be worked ·
out in a practical
manner. By t~is
method we can accelerate the great
world movement
toward the social. · ization of all the
sources of human
ljfe ..
Do you want to
solve your own
vexatious problems and assist in this great
enterprise? We want Colonists and we want
representatives who can speak and write the
message of freedom. You cs.n make good
from this hour if you will take hold and secure members. You can make U!,is orga.niza...
tion work a permanent business. See the
story of the Colony on page 15 of this ma.ga...
zine, take advantage of your opportunity
and Write for particulars.
Ad.dress C. V. .Eggleston, Fiscal Agent
Llano del Rio Company
924 Higgins. Building
I '
Los Angeles, California
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-05
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-05
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v03n01_191505
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v03n01
Extent
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/8c514b8416217e9b8c43c540acdad203.pdf
ec04973dfd8896d415e91ab6e985224f
PDF Text
Text
J)P
•
191S
he
I
I
nside
·thi.
Cover
Are
·Many
Brilliant
Articles
Written
by'
Some
of .
America's
.Foremost·
.
Socialist. · ·
AttthotJ .
/
••
Sile11t Sotlls in tl1~ Ranks--B)T l~ttgene~v. J)ebs
Llat1(> del
l{io (-:olotly lfol<.ls C;reat C~elebration
'
.'
�•, ·.'I
The Western Comrade
2
-
ELK SKIN
BOOTS arid. .:S HQE.S
~
'
'
"'
.
.
.
.
Factory operated .i n connection .
with LLANO . DEL Rio' CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots. $6.00
· Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes. . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes ... 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 ............ 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 ... . . ....... . 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11 .. .. .. .. . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 ......... 2.50
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around aa per above 11.iuatration. Pass tape
around at lines Wtthout drawing tight. Give
size usually worn.
ID.EAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and ·O .u tdo.or Men
- --:11-
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
"
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the high boots· for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
•
Almost indestructible.
Send in your
orders by mail........... Take
.
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Com.pany
922 ·Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�CONTENTS
Scene at Jackson's l.'!ke, Llano del Rio Colony ........ Cover- ·
Frontispiece (Cartoon) Retribution _...................i ........ Page
4
Current Events (Editorial).
By Frank E . Wolfe ....Page
5
Hostages of War . . By Homer Constantine.......... :: .... Page
9
Fighting
t?
a Finish?
By Henri La Fountaine ........Pa ge 10
California Ground Hogs.
By Frank H. Ware ......................Page 13
Dieu et Mbn Droit.
The Stalker.
By Edward P . E. Troy ....,.Page 11
By A. F . Cannon .................................... Page. 14 ·
..
Colonists Celebrate May Day ........................................ Page 15
Merry Masqueraders at Colony BaiL ....................... Page 16
Disemployment, Crime and Slaughter ........................ Page · 20
Truth
About
Mexico ........................................................ Pag~ 20
Booze and Revolution.
The Slaves (Poem).
By Kate Richards O'Hare .. Page 21 .
By Margaret T. Head ............P a ge 21
Silent Souls In the Ranks.
By Eugene V. Debs ...... Page 22
By Arthur E. MacDonald ..............._............................................................. P age 22
!nocuous first-Aid Bullets.
An Appeal for Peace.
By Chester M. Wright .......... Page 23
Overloads of Charity.
By Irvin Ray .............................. Page 24
A Short Way to Llano (Poe m) . By Dan Rooke ........ Page 25
Colonists and Rabbits ........................................................ Page 26
CARTOONS
Tommy Atkins and the Worker .................................... Page
6
Night Scene in Trafalgar Square .................................... Page
7
Queen of the American Kitchen ......................................Page
8
No Babes Killed; No Iron Cross .................................... Page
9
A Place In the Shadow...................................................... Page 10
A Peasant's Plalnt.. ..~ .................. ...... .......................... :..... Page 13
•
�Tke Western Comrade
4.
RETRIBUTION
.
Au tria, who predpita ed the war, is doomed to defeat by the irresistible
force of onrushing Slavs.
�...
THE WESTERN COMRADE
-----------------------------Political Action
VOL. II
Devoted to the Cause of the Workers
----------------------------------------~
· Co-operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., APRIL. 1915
Direct Action
NUMBER
Cabin at Jackson's Lake. The altitude here is 7000 feet a.nd the climate most ideal. This is a popular outing resort for. the hunters and the younger set of the colony. The scene is strongly suggestive
of Kipling's "Wood Smoke at Twilight."
•
CURRENT EVENTS
By Frank E. Wolfe
A
This is not written for the purpose of casting
'f tfH~ end of the second year of the Wilson admini tration there are more unemployed in asper'lion~ on the Democratic administration."· It is
the United State than ever before. Of the work- probably no better nor worse than the Republicans or
ing cia s one out of every five is either walkingl.from the so-called Progressives would have made it. No
plae<' to place eeking work or sitting hopelessly, one with a glimmer of understanding believed the
pre-election !Jromises of prosperity. Wilson was
t>Xhau ted in the vain effort.
E timate have run a hi•Yh as five ·million of foredoomed in that respect. Each successive admindi~>employ<'d worker in America during the winter. . istration will have a more difficult time than its preDN pite the opPning of pring work and a revival of dl'et>. sor'l in this rl'speet.
The approaching dissolution of the capitalist syshu{lding, Utt>re ha been hardly perceptible diminutem
will make it harder and harder for those whose
tiov in the ranks of the jobless army.
.
I
1~
�The Western Comrade
6
duty it will br to sit at the throttle of the archaic sideration; and if that application had been in efengine.
. feet refused, then we should say that the responsiThis· is the hour for Socialist activities. There is bility would lie on those who had given the refusal."
hut onr solution for the problem before us::......the soIn the meantime "the na,~vies who do not read the
cialization of the sources of life.
ne~spapers are going about their .affairs anp. forcing the masters where their representatives in the
+
+:
+
A
LINE that sifts through, perhaps .owing ~o
inadvertancy or carelessnes,s of censors, gives
us a glimpse of the true situation· of the labor troubles in England.
In a strike wherein the "leaders" were largely
ignored, the engineers and shipyard workers on
the Clyde aud the Tyne, the coalheavers and· stevedores on the l\[erscy have demanded more pay. These
mrn drrlare speculatc>rs, grafters and war contractors.
are rolling up large fortunes in their profits on war
munitions and goods handled, and that these manipulators haYe so advanced prices that the cost of
living has so mounted that the purchase power of
their wage has greatly diminished. They lacked the
suppot·t of trade unions and of public sentiment,
hut they struck boldly and tied up commerce to such
a degree that their demands were successful in many
instances. Th e congestion became ·so great that Lord
Kitchener grew alarmed and sent a sharp note to the
scct·etary of the Dockers' Union in which h~ made a
covert threat to use drastic measures at Liverpool.
Most of the capitalist newspapers unhesitatingly
blame the workers and never give a thought to an investigation of causes. The London Daily Citizen,.
the ''labor organ ,'' is guarded in its remarks avd
smugly British in its style, but it does not retreat
entirely, as it says:
'"J'hc're arc many who without a second tnough t
would condemn such men off-hand and set down thl'il'
conduct as simply an enormity. For ourselves, we
should wa~t to know first why any r ea l wages grieYancc should in snrh circumstances be allowed to
arisr. If we found that the m<>n had genuine ground
for complaint- if, for instnncc, the real value of theit
earnings hat1 het>n !':\1Clclenly an d largely cut domJ,
while -the nrrrssity for their labor had suddenly
anrl lar gely ~onr np ; if they had applied .in tlH•se
eit·cnmstanrrs for Ht <>se things to be taken into con -
\
TOMMY (home from the front, to • disaffected workman)-"What'd you thinlr o' me, mate, if I struck for
extra pay in the middle of an action? Well, that's what
you've been doing."
~unch, London.
WORKINGMAN-"I'd think maybe a glimmer o' light
had soaked through your mud.died brain an' you'd decided to let the masters who made the bally war come
out an' tight it."
(Ans w e r suppli ed by 'Vestern Comrad e. )
House of Commons arc met with the cold reply that
war· is war and that thr Cl<w<>rnment can do nothing to bring down th e cost of living.
lt is cheering to know thnt thrse work ers have
stood fast unclrr tlw pressure brought from all sides
and that all the h>lllyhoo of the "patriotic" press
has i1ecn of no aYail.
Am<>rican work rrs whr go off on a wild tangE>nt
�The Western Comrade
at th e sight of the: flag or cheer themseh·es hoarse
when sonw faking showman pulls the spread eagle
and plays the ''Star-Spangled RanQer,'' might w'ell
take a ·lt>al' from the hook of tl:e dock wallopers of
England.
C
*
*
*
ONSCRIPTION in England 1 Not yet, but soon.
That is to ~ay, no regular conscription under
the nanH'. That has not yet begun, but the coercion
goes on with still greater vigor each week. The
popu In r met hod is to urge employers to discharge
thei 1· workers. Ilaving made the men jobless and
wanderers they try to starve and shame them into
the army. The London newspaper advertisements
go at it in this manner:
Ilave you a butler, a. g1·oom, a chauffeur,
gardener or game keeper serving you who at
this moment should be serving King and Country?
Have you a man s~rving at your table who
should be serving a gun?
Have you a man digging your garden who
should be digging trenches?
Have yO'U a man driving a car who should
he driving a transport wagon?
Have you a man preserving your game who
should he helping to preserve your country?
:\. great responsibility rests o'n you. ·will
you sacrifice your personal convenience for
your country's need 1
Ask your men to enlist today.
The address of the nearest recruiting office
can he obtained at any postoffice.
GOD SAVE THE KING.
There you have it: The "sacrifice" of the "persona l convenience" of a duldet and his dukess is a.
godawful thing to contemplate, but probably it is
one of th e endurable horrors of war. Anyway the
master class of Britain must com~ to it. England
must win 1if the nobility has to shed every drop of
blood in its servant's veins.
A
+
+ +
GERMAN professor at H eidelberg Ms started
-a school for one-armed men and he is receiving
a large number of applications as there .has been
many thousands amputations since the beginning of
the war. The English ari. tocrats are meeting this
7
by providing a fund to purchase artificial ar~.. <~.nd
legs for the mutilated 'victims of the conflict. A
British reb~l has made ~o·~d to suggest that inasmuch
as there have .been 24,000 amputations the Secretary
of . State for War .should ha-ye foreseen this necessity and supplied the knapsack 'kit of each Tommy
Atkins with an· extFa.. arm. We respectfully submit
Lustige
, Berlin.
"Goddam, Mister Nelson! What are you .looking for
wn here?"
"Well, just you s uppose you stay up there for a while
among the Zeppelins, yourself."
that it won't work. ·why, right here in our own
l'Ountry Henry Dubb would balk i.f he caught sight
of an extra leg.
+
+
+
" THE skirt is a neat hlue and the coat of the same
material is cut plain with a square back and
both skirt and coat are edged with gold braid."
No, Hortense, this is not a fashion item. It 's
�The Western Comrade
8
war news hot from the cable from Glasgow, Scotland , whei·e women are working as street car conductors. The company officials say they are lionest,
efficient and do not think of organizing or participating in Jahor agitations. These women are paid
.$6.25 a w eek and their honesty is considered a valuable asset to the company.
In London ( where also a woman's pliice is in
the home ) th e telegraph departm~nt of · the postoffice is employing a large ·number of girls 15 .and
16 yra rs of n ge to act as messengers.
With Henry gone to the front, H enrietta Dubb
steps right in and dividends are not seriously interrupted.
W
+
+
+
liEN n bill was up before the New York State
Senate the other· day, which exempted th e
cannrries of the State from th e operations of the
law limiting the hour·s of work for· women, one Senator defended the bill on the ground that canning
fruits is ·not work at all but a ligh ter and more enjoyable pastime than a city gil'l 's dancing. Carry
the news to the women and children of Californin
who work in scorrs of canneries in ·the cities where
they toil ceaselessly long dreary hours in miserahle
surroundings. The 8-hour law for women_ exempts
canneries and the owners ·of these establishments
are in many instances the most hrutal and greedy
set of Simon Legrees that ever coined the blood of
ehildren into dirty dollars. These are the men who
r esist every effort to amend the eight-hour law and
they find ready support in the great Dubh family.
H
ference has been accentuated by centuries of training and practice along different lines. The mind
of man rather runs to prosai ~ reasoning, while the
mind of woman is given · to· poetical i~ealism. It is
inevitable that woman·' natural bent of mind should
incline her to ~ocialism, and nothing would set So-
+ + +
ERE we offer a bright gem, gleaned from the
pages of that never ending source of amusement and joy to readers of light, airy literature, the
Congressiomtj Record.
This is a fragment of the nnti-suffrage speerh
made by Representative Diaz of Texas. Need we
say that l\'lr-. Diaz is a member of the Ancient and
Indurntcd Order of Ivorybeans, the Southern Democrary'; sah ? But to the sparkler of purest ray:
"l\£ r. Speaker, the man mind and the woman
mind are essentially different. This organic dif-
New York Call.
"Woman's place is in the kitchen; if you take her
ont you will destroy her beautiful home life."- Observatlon of Henry Dubb, her husband, confirmed by Congresc;man Diaz in extract of his speech reprinted on
this page.
cialism up in business as quickly · as woman suffrage.
The Socialist Party recognizl'S this and as a result
are almost to a man for woman suffrage. And I
ean think of nothing worse that can happen to this
r epublic than a reign of Socialism, unless it would
be woman's abdication of her crown as the queen
of the American home. "
�...
The Weste-rn Comrade
Hostages of War
By HOMER CO
HO has looked at Rodin's 'yonderful group
of citizens of Calais without a thrill of
admiration for those early day hostages
of war 1 The story of the heroism of
those old patriots who went forth to give
their lives if the supreme sacrifice be
exacted has been re-enacted a hundred
times during the present war:
Instances given here ar~ taken from the recorded
proclamations of German command as in Belgium.
After warning th e inhabitants of Namur that he had
caused about 100 eitizens of Ardennes to be shot as a
vicar· ious atonement for the sins of snipers, Van Benlow's proclamation reads:
'' F'remh and Belgium soldiers must be surrendered
as prisoners of war at the pr·ison before 4 o'clock.
Citizens who do not obey will be condemned to enforced labor for life in Germany.
"A rigorous inspection of houses will begin at 4
o'clock. Penalty for interference: death by shooting.
''The citizens who know where a store of arms is
lo cated must inform the Burgomaster, under penalty
of enforced labor for life.
''Each street will be occupied by a German guard
who will take ten hostages in .each street, whom they
will keep in custody. If any outrage is committed in
the str·ect, th e ten hostages will be shot.
"Doors must not be locked, and at night after 8
o'clock three windows must be lighted in each house.
"It is forbidden to remain in the street after 8
o'clock. Th e people of Namur must understand that
there is no greater nor more horrible crime than to" endanger the existence· of the city and the life of its
inhabitants by attacks upon the German army. "
At Grivegnee, Major Commandant Dieckmann issued a statement to the inhabitants in which he demanqed certain hostages be delivered to . be detained
in twenty-four-hour shifts, and added:
"The life of these hostages will depend upon the
population of the aforesaid communes remaining pacific under all circumstances.
"
"I will designate from the lists submitted to me
the persons who will be detained as hostages from noon
of one day to noon of the next day. If the substitute
does not arrive in time, the hostage will remain another
twenty-four hours. After this econd period of twentyfour hours., the hostage incurs the penalty of death if
the substitution is not made."
In order to protect the fair name of the German
STA
TI
E
soldiers who may have looked on women. a.s the poils
of war, the follo\Ving o.rder was i ned:
'Any Qne who by prea~g fal e new prejudical to the morale of the German troops or who
by .any me'ans tries to take mea ures again t th German army renders him ,e lf a su pect and incurs the
risk" of being shot immediately.''
The true' tory o:( this invasion i too horrible to
print. Looting and the rape of women is written on
THE EMPEROR-"What! No babes, slrrah?"
THE MURDERER-"Aias, Slre, none."
THE EMPEROR-"Well, then, no babes, no trop.
crosses."
every page and yet the invasion of Belgium and West- ·
ern France is probably no more brutal or bestial than
any other invasion of modern warfare.
The story of the horror of Poland where the semi·
barbaric Cossacks have overrun the country would
be more shocking than anything outside of the TurJc..
ish atrocities which began at the outset of the present
hostilities in the Balkans.
'
These atrocities are not the result of any trainillg,
although the rules of modern militarism do not bea-r
heavily upon the conquering soldiery. The cruel IJUI,J'~
�)(I
The Western Comrade
tyrdom of thousands of inoffensive peasants wherever
troops of any country have invaded, indicates the temper of both Allies and members of the e~tente.
Systematic pillage and wholesale carnage mark
the trail of the invaders. The excesses and licentious-
ness of officers and privates alike are almost unbeli-evable, a:nd one '3hudders_ to think of the possibi:lities
when invading Frenchmen whose homes · have been
wrecked and wives raped, shall sweep across the Germain domain.
Fig_h ting to a Finish?
"T 0 a finish !·'
B y HENRI LA F OUNTAI.N_E ·
'l'his is the unanimous cry of the
bclligc·rcnts! In Germany and in Atlstria, as
in France, in England and in Belgium, t-he: cry goes
forth with a ra rc misunclerstanding _of w ha t.-i t means.
A fight to a _fin ish! To the finish of what ? Of
militarism, will Le the answer. But nobody reflects
on the terrible sacrifices, the frightful massacres, the
unheard-of ruin that this answer implies. Day by day
the Allies repeat, with an enervating and disgusting
monotony, a wearisome anthem lik e a litany: ''Along
th e whole front a huge battle from the Swiss frontiers
to the shores of Flanders, no notable change has been
produced. The German attacks have been everywhere
repulsed and considerabl e losses have been inflicted on them.' '
As to the losses of the Allies, they a r·e hardly referred to. In reply to a memb er of Parliament, the
British Government has recently admitted that in 75
days the "casualties," to use the English euphemism,
amounted to 57,000. During the ten days of the battle of the Yser those of the Belgians were reckoned at
12,000. Compet6nt military authorities estimate that,
if the war should last for a year, 75 p er cent of the
soldiers will be killed or wounded.
It is estimated that at th e present moment 20,000,000 men are under arms, and those who, in their wicked
dream, wish for a fight to a finish, to the final e"Xhaustion, to a collective suicide, are talldng of levies en
masse which would bring up the effe ctive armies to
. 40,000,000 combatants destined to hecome 40,000,000
corpses or invalids.
It must finish some day, unless in their turn the
mbthers and daughters are armed, and already in London women have shouldered the rifl e and are being
trained for the impious work of death, they who are,
by destiny and duty, the creators of life.
An end must be put to the young, the growing, and
the adults in all the force of their experience and deyelopment. An end must be put to the savants, the
thinkers, the highest intelligences, and the most brilliant artists. An end must be put to civilization, progress, inventions, and beauty. An end must be put to
the age-long madness of men in loving and trusting.
An end must be put to shining prospects and splendid
hopes. Under the impassive stars and the triumphant
sun, an end must he put to the human race. That is
the r~al m·eaning of the fa talistic cry which .is hypnotizing th e world !_ Jnd eed, if in presence of the ·hor-
_,. ,,,., t•, .. ,.
I,
' ·""'' '~
A Place in the Shadow .
rid spectacle of muddy trenches filled with putr_efying
corpses and . wounded m~n awaiting t etanus and gangrene, humanity does n9t rise and shout, in an access
of clear-sighted madness, ''Enough, enough!' ' it · h-ad
better come to an end.
Better that the earth unencumb ered with the d~ell
ings of men , freed from the criminal multitudes who,
thirsting for blood and murder, abuse it with th eir
shells, delivered from the frightful cacophony of their
war-cries mingled with the deafening roar of cannons
and the crackling of the mitrailleuses, better that the
earth roll inert and verdant, inhabited by birds an9
filled with their songs, in the vast spaces restored to
their eternal calm.-The Public.
�...
The Western Comrade
Californ~a
11
qround Hogs
By EDWARD P. E. TROY
and the poverty and distl.'ess it
U NEl\1PLOYl\lEN1'
brings to hundreds of thousands throughout the
During the past year I have had an opport\mity of
making a practical $tudy' of land monopoly in ali parts
land are recognized as a grave element of ·danger to of the state, in my·. work ·o,f investigating land ownerour country. "The Government must give every ship, assessments and ta · ·ation in more than 40 counties
man a job," is the,_remedy proposed by some. "Char- of California, .in behalf of the Hp~e Rule in Taxation
ity" is the cure·all of .others. Yet "jobs" that would League.
enable every idle person in the whole nation to gain
Land of all kinds '' in California-farming, timber
a decent living lie all about us out of doors in Califoi:- and speculative-is rapidly coming under the ownernia. God has givrn us the land on which to make our ship of a few persons,. because our tax laws heavily
living, but man-madr laws enable a few to prevent us fine and punish those who develop and improve the
from gainin g access to it. In every' county in Califor- country, while they give a bouus or reward to the
nia thousands, avd in many counties hundreds of speculators wh9 hold .the lfnd idle and do nothing to
thousands, of aeres of fertile land are being held out improve it.
·
of use.
A group of farmers will settle in a neighborhood,
Although the land area of the State is one hun- errct buildings, set out tr,ees, plant alfalfa, bring
dred millions of acres, the census bureau reports that horses, cattle,. pigs,· chickens, farming implements and
only twenty-eight millions are in farms, of which not other personal property on their land, build good roads,
half or less than eleven and one-half million acres are establish schools. churches, places of amusements, and
improved. A few great specu1ators own practically all -immediately their ta.xes are increased. At the same
of th e rest of th e araQie land.
time the large owner who has no impro~ements, finds
The Southern Pacific Company is pro9ably the his taxes reduced by these very improvements of the
largest speculator. It owns about ten million acres farmers, because they have add'ed so much more propin this State. The report of the state forester shows erty to the total assessed value of the .county.
it to possess nearly a million acres of forests, or 18
In different counties of the . state I had assessors
per cent of all of the timber land in California. Mil- tell me that one farmer was assessed more .than his
ler & I;ux is another great land monopolist. The as- neighbor because he was an industrious man, who took
sessment rolls show it to own 700,000 acres in four good care of his orchard, and made more money off it
counties of the San Joaquin Valley. It is reputed to than the other. One assessor in the south, when I
own over a million acres in California, and thirteen pointed out to him that the assessment on some orange
million acres in other states. In addition it controls trees had been cut in half two ye~rs ago, while others
many more millions of acres by claiming all of the were not reduced, said: "That farmer smudged his
water .in the San Joaquin and other rivers. Litiga- trees, and saved his crop." He collili not see that he
tion is its most potent weapo.n in preventing the use was punishing the industry of the farmer.
In Siskiyou County on the Oregon border, I found
of these waters by any farmer.
Of the total farm area in California 17,300,000 the Central Pacific Railroad to be assessed for 665,000
acres are in "farms" Qf over one ·thousand acres, be- acres, and its tax to average less than 7 cents per acre.
ing owned by 4693 persons. The farms of less than The Walkers are assessed for 100,000 acres of timber
100 acres are1 owned by 53,819 persons, and comprise land and pay a tax of 12 cents· per acre. ·Farmers with
but 1,579,727 acres. Thus 5 per cent of the "farmers" improved land pay from- 4 tq ~0 times as much taxes
own 61 per cent of the farm land, while 61 per cent per acre as these monopolists. Attorney B. K. Collier,
of the farmers own but 6 per cent of all of the farm of Yreka, recognizing how our tax laws prevent the
growth of his community, said: "Our tax system is
land in {Jalifornia.
The Census shows the value of"farm land in Cali- wrong. The root of any tax system is. Do not tax
fornia to have increased $686,750,488, or more than energy."
In Shasta County the Central Pacific is assessed for
double, in the past 10 years, altoough the area in
farms decreased 900,000 acres. This increase, at 5 324,000 acres, and pays less than '8 cents per acre in
per cent interest, means an annual charge of · $15.00 taxes. The Walkers are a close second. In the Anderagainst every person in the state, which must be paid . son Valley I found a farmer, C. L. Bouk, to have 20
acres, assessed for $800, which, with his improvements
for in "higher cost of living."
·
�12
The Western Comrade
and personal property, made his taxes average $2.27
per acre. A neighbor, adjoining, has 20 acres, unim!
proved, assessed the same as his land, on which the
tax averages but 84 cents per acre. This is a clear instance of the tax system punishing thrift, and rewarding the speculator.
In Tehama County the railroad also has the largest
acreage and pays less than 8 cents per acre - taxes,
Farmers pay $1.00, $2.00 and more per acre. One,
Georgiana Tidrick, having l 0 acres at Corning, pays a
tax averaging $4.16 per acre.
In Butte County the railroad, again t~e largest .
owner, by keeping its land undeve~oped, pays the
smallest tax-8 cents per acre. Many lar.ge timber
interests arc similarly taxed. · In this county is a considerable orange belt subdivided into small holdings.
Practically all of them have a total assessment two or
three times as great as the land value. F. R. Frick's
land is assessed for $150 and his trees and other improvements $1000. His tax is incr eased sixfold because of his industry.
Over the Tehachapi, the difference between th e idler
and the worker is greater than in the North. In San
Bernardino County the Southern Pa!lific is assessed for
642,000 acres of land, which it keeps as a desert, caus- ·
ing its tax to average 2 1-3 cents per acre. Redlands,
Highlands and San Bernardino Districts, comprising
one and one-half per cent of the land area, have t;o pay
most of the taxes of tllat county. I found the average
tax paid by a large numbe.r. of these farms to be from
$17 to $20 per a~re, and· niai:Jy of them are paying $30,
$40 and everi $50 per acre in taxes (not the assessment) each Y~.ar.
The Imper,ial Valley· was known as a desert up to a
short time ago, and was largely 'owned by the Southern
Pacific Railroad. The muddy waters of the Colorado
River are now·making its lands world-famous for their
fertility. Th e assessor of that county told me that it is
his rule to assess the raw valley land $15 to $20 per
.
'
acre. When the sand dul).es are leveled, which cost
from $,10 to $80 per acre, the assessment is raised to
$40 per acre. \Yhen alfalfa .i s planted, $5 are added
to thr assessment. · A·n d this is all as is required by our
tax laws.
How to Preach
By G. E. MORAY
the Biblc. 'l'hen read up on the history of
STUDY
Jesus. Follow His example until you come into
danger of being crucified, but be careful to avoid
meeting His fate.
Remember that Christ was rewarded wit}l a glorious crucifixion, but you '~ill want to be rewarded with
a good salary.
Never take your mind off of that question of how to
get the salary. Preachers like money as well as other
folks. Be sure to get all that comes your way.
Do not ~llow Christ's exa~ple alone. Study the
sermons of other successful: preachers too-such men
as Spurgeon, Talmage, Cuyler, Joseph Smith, Dowie,
Sam Jones and Billy Sunday.
Copy the methods used hy the most successful soulsavers. Espeaially such eminent divines as Sunday,
who knows the game from A to Z. Bear in mind
that he not only saves plenty of soulst but also gets
possession of lots of coin. Nothing but supreme ability
" these
and sanctification can enable a man to kill both
birds with the same stone.
In copying Rev. Sunday's methods it will be well
to endeavor ·to improve upon ~hem. Carefu~ training
· is necessary. The following points are especially valuable:
Study the language of the gutter. Nothing is quite
so impressive or effective in the pulpit. To learn this
language you should associate regularly with gun-
men, crooks, prostitutes and ali manner of toughs.
You will find your contact with them very enjoyable.
Nothing is quite so picturesque and convincing as the
epithets they make frequent use of.
Practice circus gymnastics. Almost. any circus
will give you a free trial and take you over the country with it if you possess sufficient adaptability. Also
learn to be a first-class clown.
•
As a useful daily exercise, practice standing on
yoqr left ear, wiggling your nose violently, then folding your arms and locking your fe~ together jump
six feet into the air, and, landing upon your right
ear, turn a triple somersault, with a big grin on your
face, and spring to your feet, yelling· "I will fight
the race tracks and whist clubs from hell to a good
hot breakfast.''
When varying the c~er c ises, hit yourself on the
head with a big stick, make cries like a kangaroo,
throw a baseball at the prettiest girl you see in the
audience, slide to base all over the aisle, tear your hair
out by armfuls, and call the members of the Young
Ladies' Shakespeake Club a "bunch of hollow-chested,
four-flushing, wobble-legged heifers.''
Other appropriate exercises will .probably suggest
themselves to you. If not, go to the nearest insane
asylum and learn the latest movements, and get a line
on the conversation nserl hy the inmates. After :five
or six years, you will be able to save souls-and coin.
�-J
The Western Comrade
Dieu Et Mon Droit!
By FRANK H. WARE
minstrels of
W HERE"'Whyare arethe there
no more heroic songs to
war 1
inspire men to greater deeds of valor t '
Has the howitzer and the porn porn destroyed all
romance ?
Americans fo!}ght and won that sweet, sticky conflict, the sugar trust ''war,'' in Cuba, to a silly and
sensual negro song that was amorously suggestive.
The United States despoiled Iexico while its soldiers
"De ·us in adjut()rium meum intende!" chants the
priest.
God punish the ~oslems !
.Th.ey ..all pray to· different gods. Y ~t each god is a
god o'f war.
Thete is . something picturesque in the!;le claims of
God 's. help, but the ongs are peurile.
May we offer a suggestion for our side Y
Let all of ou.r Christian . allies sing some Qf the
standard hymns for Soldiers of Christ.
Of course they can sing "Onward, Christian Soldil'rs," but &s a div~rsion we suggest this one taken
from that sterling volume never out of reach, the parochial hymn boo~:
Arm for ~he deadly fight
Earth and· hell unite,
And swear in lasting bonds to bind us,
Raise the cross on high,
Jesus is our cry,
With Jesus still the foe shall find us.
There is inspiration to great deeds of valor in those
lines. "Hot Time in the Old Town;" forsooth!
But here is another one we can highly commend
to the Christian soldier marehing.on to war. The watchword of this one is ''For God and the Right!''
Christians, to the war!
Gather from afar.
Hark! Hark! the word is _given;
Jesus bids us fight
"For God and the right,"
And for Mary, the Queen of Heaven!
"Confound their infernal shells. If a feller didn't
have to work it would be better to stay home these d:ays."
sang seqtimental slu.sh with a refrain that ran "Green
Grows the Rashes, Oh."
Now the British sing a catchy but cheap music hall
ditty about a ''sweetest girl'' in Tipperary.
" shereef 1s
· But there is hope. Now that the green
flung to the breezes and the Aegean sea swarms with
hostile ships of unbelievers, the line will ·be drawn and
Moslem and Christian will come into grips with prayers
and invocations of curses to strange gods.
''Allah il Allah! God is with us because we are
true believers," says the Mohammedan Dervish.
"God is on the side of right!" shouts the Christian
chaplain.
That will drivr. terror t<J the hearts of those dogs
of Moslems!
But when cannons are l?o~ing and bombs bursting and machine guns spitting ~ gay hail of bullets
into the thick ranks of a charging enemy, raking them
down in heaps, a suggestion comes from Gospel Hymns
which could be sung in time with the turning of ·the
machine gun handle. This one should be rendered by
a standing choir.
Sowing the seed by the daylight fair,
Sowing the seed by the noonday glare,
Sowing the seed by the fading llght,
Sowing the seed In the solemn night,
Oh, what shall the harvest be?
Oh, what shall the harvest be?
''Tipperary'' is tomfoolery in the sight of this.
Let's win the holy war by fighting it out on its
merits.
Onward and upward, aviators of -Abraham!
Onward and downward, submarines of the Saiyts!
Marc~ on, militia of Moses!
Full steam ahead! Forward with God!
�14
T e
e tera Co
The
t
he made hi way quickly along in the growing dark he ruminated on the po ibility of his
Mpt.>~ The p
no doubt ahoeady formed at the
hi fhnu<' t'Ompany' camp would, be thought conh'tuptuou v, se8.l'cll for him. on main traveled roads
~rn(' of the trail leading tn the valley. Jaeqaes
lArril~ the Fr-encla-Iudian. deputy from the foothilt~
th(' one
ho
e feared.. Boneltar kne
d :summon
d
tal er
By A. F. GA
BIRD-CALL in the deepening twilight
close to the open window of his hack
a woke Boncbar from a tense-nerved, fitful sleep. He sprang to his feet. The
irony of the actuality to his awakening
fancy that he was a boy~ again in the
big woods of Michigan made him recoil
as from a physical blow; About him
were the tall, sombre pines, but they were of the Sierra
Nevada!'!, and a lapse of many years, strewn with the
1h·hris of dreams, lay between the clean-minded boy
of th1~ Upper Peninsula, who joyed in the life of the
open aud knew its super-secrecies, and the present
hooze-bespotted creature. To him the click of celluJoicl ehips was sweeter than the twitter of nestlings,
and 1hr m·oma arising from the newly sprinkled floor
of Rtrongarm Jim's mountain groggery was more acc·rptnble than the entrancingly fresh odor of a morning after rain .
IT had only meant to lie down for a few breathgetting moments after gaining his cabin ere striking
into the wild toward Nevada. Now perhaps a precious honr wa~ lost. Damn whisky, anyhow!
Higginbottom, the burly logger who took in his
womn.n, JJonise, when she fled after her last beating,
wns d ad; of that he had no doubt. Had he not seen
him crumple noiselessly in the chair on· the opposite
::;ide of the green baise gambling table after the shot 1
'fhat was well, at any rate-pursuit or no pursuit.
With febrile, accurate movements be strapped a
:full cartridge belt. about his slender waist, slipped a
loaded six-gun into his holster and donned his·Stetson
·and a lH.•avy ma kinaw coat. From the corner at the
h ad of hi bunk he snatched a rifle and an instant
later ro ed the clE.".aring before his cabin and entered
the heavy \Vood. Hil nerves tingled for a touch of the
whi 'k-y l e had damned a few moments before.
T
0
d.mnken eep be aserib to th t~v of th
on about th grogger,r, for th int rit of th ir
cowa.rdi.r bid , and the fa that
llVll\ Jim~ him,
elf an avowed friend and
». thia r, had pNbabl
. diplomatically headed off any \l b aotiou in
.1'
to give him a good start. Littl h lp from that qua
ter 'he k:n w would be giY n Jacqu on hi arri •al,
although a seE."miy re p t for th la would requi
that he be notified of th in id t by phon .
Jacque · wa known far and wid in th hill. n
'fhe Stalker, becau e of th anima.l-lil p rtinaoit
and c~ing of his pur uit and th fact thnt h nl vny
brought ba:c~ his man-<>r a gru om
on h r thnt
he had found his quarry. It wn th half-br d's r nd
boast that, 'gi'Ven a hot ent, he alway to 1 th trnJl
alone, afoot and unhampered av for th lmif n.nd
pistol ever at his belt.
Bonchar recalled the case of Jo Friday, o. Di g r
Indian wh.o had killed his SfJ.Uaw a y ar b for . F r
hetter, he thought, to fall ben nth th d nth-d alinf(
impact of a creature of fury and fangs or o. p 11 t of
lead than that he should return ngain such a brok n
imbecile, as was the hun.ted Indian, to the hauntlt of
men and the hands. of the law.
Damn the whisky for that lost hour!
oro
W
ORN out and with nerves acquivcr, th gambl r
cast imself down in a cov rt of brush. It
was late in the ight. The shrill, womau-lik liOr am
of a distant mountai~ lion awakebed him in a p!Ulic.
Though it was yet dark, the ull touch of gray atop
the far-off eastern pea'tcs warned him of da.wn. At
a rivulet he drank greedily, allaying the llllWJea of his
whisky-parched stomach, and then laved hill fac 11.
head in the cooling waters. The 1irst pange of reo.
turning hunger assailed him after he had traveled for
an hour. It was now light. About him. seiU'ried nd
flew the animate life . that could aaua.ge it, but M
dared not shoot.' A handful of ild berries and ~~
edible leaves answered for W. iint meaL
At mid-day a too-inqu.Usitive grouod ~el and
a well aimed pebble fu.rrMhed ht. feiUJnd l'tp
Though the ra meat u Dot overly palateb~, IJ>r
a fire was ont of the qo.Mion. it beatUmed
iderahle. In pocketing h" p.en knih he .felt '
fillfd wallet. 1'b:iB he hurriedJy VUJrutt
ing it eonnted the
, F. r
do
~ If e eou1d only e
(:C<mttnu•ad
�The Western Com r a·d e
Diversion dam built by Llano del Rio colonists on Mescal Creek. Water Is diverted from each side of
the dam and this will flow into natural reservoirs to north and south of the dam.
P.!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!IHE N
the spring planting is finished at
th e Llano del Rio Colony and the community bas rounded out its first year,
there ·will be a grand celebration. This
will take the form of a l\'Iay Day Festival
and Reunion of the Socialists of Southern
California.
Completion of planting spring crops
does not mean the cessation of work, however, as there
are thousands of acres that must be cleared and prepared for planting permanent crops, such as alfalfa and
fruit trees.
'i['hen there is the first industrial plant which is
held awaiting the hands of the men who are so busily
engaged in preparing and planting. This plant will
be set up in a few weeks. The motive power, at least
in part, will be steam, but gasoline· engines doubtless
will be used. A large steam engine and boiler will
be the first heavy machinery set up. This will be used
for the modern steam laundry and the dairy, and to
run the other machinery.
The industrial building will house the shoe machinery, the planing mill, the printing plant and the machine shop. A large gasoline engine has been added
to the power plaz:j and with it a big lathe, a drill
press, a planer, shaper and other equipment of a modern machine shop.
Arrangements are being made to establish an ice
plant, knitting mills, a .tannery, a cannery, a motion
pirture factory and other enterprises of a productive ·
nature.
There are about 75 acre'S)n the colony's garden and
this department is working in excellent form under
the management of an expert who declares the division
will produce a great quantity of food stuff from this
timr. h enceforth.
There will be certain acreage set aside each year
for experimental purposes. Those who have this work
in hand declare they will be able to produce almost
everything that the soil produces at any place.
A new pool has been completed at the fish hatchery
and about 60,000 rainbow trout will soon find their
home in this water. The pool is thirty feet wide, one
hundred and twenty feet long and three f eet deep. Additional pools of a similar size will be constructed later
on. The line ronnecting the pool with the main stream is
a bout ] 20 yards long and jorms an attractive brook.
Living quarters in the big stone fish hatchery have
�The Western Comrade
HI
- I\l(~rr\·· ~ <:l s(_Ill e r ~j lll' r:
1
Miss Gladys Cassidy was a charming Pierrette.
Thomas was Pierrot and this couple made
a plea s ing impression by their graceful dancing.
l•~ dwin
Llano Yaquis. Left to right-Ray Keough, Mrs. Cederstrom and Mrs. Harper. Mrs . Cederstrom's
disguise as a squaw with papoose was the most bafflinll, of the evening and her identity was a mystery.
�The Western Comrade
. l
...
,IIJ
Club. Top row, left to right-Ray K.eough, George
ljln, .Tessie Richardson, Kate Heffner, Mrs. Keough
Lower row-Miss
, Frank P. McMahon,
' derstrom, Miss Dona
Cooke, Miss Francis
White, W. A. Engle,
ds, Horace Farmer
Seated-Irene HarEidre Fremont, Mrs.
rs. McMahon.
l
Miss Florence. Cederstrom and Frank P. McMahon as Turkish girl and Omar the Tentmaker.
Omar's costume was a triumph in wardrobe work.
Pierrots and Pierrettes. Lett to right-George Reeslund, Miss Elizabeth Richardson, Miss Gladys
Cassidy and Miss Jessie Richardson. This quartette formed a most pleasing and attractive group.
lf
�T ·h e We t e T n Co
b.een improved.. The orchard has been cleared anti the
tree2 pruned. Alfalfa fields at the hatchery grounds are
being irrigated and everything put into ship-shape for
the summer. A garden has bft'n put in and this m~~
tain rewrt bids fair oo be a popular retreat for the
colonists.
The poultry department is proving a greater success
Fattening Pens at the Colony Rabbitry Where
Hundreds of Hares Are Fed.
than had been anticipated. With the addition of 1500
chicks this division has nearly 2500 fowls. These are
selected for egg-making purposes, and they are producing in a manner that is highly satisfactory to all.
One of the most delightful evening's entertainments since the colony was founded, was the occasion
of the first masquerade and dance given at the Llano
club house in April. The affair was planned by the
amusement committee, composed of 1\frs. Rose ()edcrstrom, Miss Gladys Cassidy .and Ray Keough. S. S.
Stewart acted as master of ceremonies and the music
was supplied by the eolony orchestra, headed by D.
C. Copley. He was assisted by Messrs. Brainerd, Engle, Schnitzer, Mrs. Cederstrom and others. Prizes were
given for the best costumes and best sustained characters. All of the costumes for the evening's celebration
were made in the colony and many of them were
beautiful and all were a tribute to the versatility and
ability of the colony women.
The winner of the fir t prize for the best costume
and sustained 1character went to Miss Florence Cederstrom as t•Queen of the Harem" and her honors were
divided with Mis Dona Spencer as a gypsy maiden.
The prize for the best su tained character mtd costumed eoople went to Ray Keough and Mrs. Frank
Harper, who were garbed as "Llano Yaqui . " ,Keough
aoted hi pa:rt, as did his companion, in excellent and
eonvin.e:ing style. Their co tume were well designed
-and Mrs. Harper made an idea] Indian maiden-lithe,
tall and graceful.
Harry Thomas and William elmitzer, both of whom
r ad e
were umn ked, kep revery vne gu. sing throughout
the evening a:s to their identity. They won the prir-e
for the singles and added greaUy to the merriment of
the occasion. Both appeared
Ethiopians .a nd
ipio Africanu and the Congo Coon eonvu d all
hearers from time to time with their wit.
.Among other co tum.es whicll were notable a:s
that of Miss Kate Heffner~ who was given ho~rorable
mention and who appeart::d a the oldier lassie.
Bert Engle, as a red button Chinese mandarin, had
everyone guesSing.
Charles McKay, as a Gibson girl, probably caused
more laughter than anyone during the evening. Horace Farmer as a "in.iddy gir1," mystified eve.n his
. closest associates.
Miss Eleanor Richards as Mary Jane was most
charming, but she hardly ·deceived her friends.
Frank P. McMahon appeared as the Sultan of Turkey and Mrs.· McMahon re~eived many compliments
and congratulations on her skill in wardrobe work,
for she executed a beautiful piece of costuming with
bright silks and satins. .
Little Irene Harpe.r and Evelyn Keough were favorites with all in their beautiful bright costumes as golden butte.rfiies.
Miss Gladys Cassidy ~·as a charming Pierette and
as she danced with Edwin Thomas as Pierrot, the couple attracted much attention · for gracefulness of
manner.
The Misses Richard!'lon, also in clown costume, were
A Humpty Dumpty Luncheon Party at Llano del
Rio Colony
bewitching in their beauty and grace, and dancing together resembled spotted fawns more than the usnal
dum ;y clown that wears this costume.
Among other costnmes of the evening was that of
Charlotte Earle, as a "baby"; Mrs. McAaho-n, as a
·"milkmaid" ; George Mehr, a "Chinese"; Frank Har-
�The Weste1'n Co
Mrs. Frank Harper as Indian Malden. She, with
ou~h. won first prize for best sustained characters of the evening,
Ray K
JH-1', a "rowhn~'"; 1\lr·s. Rny . Keough, a "cowgirl";
1\Iiss Co!·rinne Leslir, a "Spanish dancer"; Leonard A.
Cookr, as a '' Johnny f1·om R1·oadway''; George Milligan
as "a bathing girl"; Bert Roland, a "blanket stuf";
Dnn IJeslit', ll '' ·oulH·ette''; .Tenny !Jeslie, a ''rag doll'';
:.'\{iss Ro..c Powers, "Red Hiding Hood"; John Leslie,
an" Italian p!'incr"; Miss Ethcl';vyn Stevens, a" Giesha
girl"; M r . J mn<.'s ·white, "Chinese princess"; Miss
Franc Heffner, "Irish pea ant girl"; Mrs. Charles
Earl, "German peasant"; Meyer Elkins, a "Servian
prince." Ir . Ro. e Cedarstrom, as a squaw, had the
most puzzling teo tume of the evening and was not
recognized even b;:\' the member of her family, until
the hour came for unmasking.
The reYelry lasted far into the· night, and :qtarked
the best llight' amu ement ince the colony began.
Sunday morning, when the revelers appeared in the
bright unlight for the ht>nefit of the photographer an
intt-n ely amu ing incident occqrred. A man who has
long known the Ant('}ope Valley, but had not heard of
th(' colony, drove hi auto with his family down through
the new town of Llano. His amazement was great at
the sight of the bungslo
and tents, but his a tonish-
1'ade
ment and that of the others was boundl
hen he
reached the spot just in front of the club ho
The masquers had just started an impromptu dan e
and the bright colors of their eo tum and glint of
the tinsel caught the rays of the morning sun. The
traveler stopped his maehine and all gued in. wonder.
ment until the man caught sight of an aequ.aintancet
and he shouted:
·
"Hey! Stanley! Where i n - - am If I thought
I was .on the ~oad to Victorville.' •
The answer was : ''You are on the road to Victorville, but 'y ou're. going to stop here and learn sometbing." And within a few minutes the traveler's
children were mingling with the colony kids and having the time of their young life.
There will be a bond election within a few days
for thf:' purpose of voting for honds for a new school
house in the Llano district. 'frustee Leslie has had the
affair in charge. Five thousand dollars will be voted
for the purpose of building the first school. There are
-now seventy pupils, and they .arc arriving at the 1•ate
of about eight per week. The trustees have decided to
move the schoolroo~s into turee large tents for the
summer. It is expcted the new school house will be
r eady for the fall term . .
Thousands upon thousands of young trees in the
colony nursery make a beautiful sight as they send up
their tender foliage above the surface in long straight
rows. This is a sight to gladden the eyes· of all visitors.
One can readily visualize the luscious fruits that some
day will grow on those trees now so fresh and so
tender.
The colony dairy cows showed a slight falling off
in output during three weeks following the dehorning
of the entire herd. They are coming back to their
former good condition and the ma~ager of that divi.
sion _reports a steady increase in the output.
Hundreds of acres of grain have b~ planted during the past few weeks, and more is. to foliow. Next
year large acreage of the wild lands now being planted
in grain will be put in alfalfa.
W. A. Engle and S. S. Stewart are in charge of the
water department of the colony. Engle as secretary
of the Big Rock Creek Irrigation District is actively
engaged in looking after the affairs of that important
oJrganization. He brings the water to the land and it
is up to Stewart to distribute it.
Chief Engineer Earle E. Glass has been brurily engaged in surveying and platting the second division
of the City of Llano. He iCJ in need of an assistant and
the first engineer who joins the _colony has a place
awaiting him both at the draughting desk and in the
field. It i likely one of tbe se\'eral applicants fOr'
this place will be accepted.
�20
The Western Comrade
Disemployment, Crim=e, Slaughter!
the truth hurts business. This is espeT ELLING
cially true if your business is publishing a maga-
''It is an advertisement of the Savage automatic. We
give the name of the gun because we want the people
zine or newspaper. When the present management to know who it is that can be so vicious.
took possession of this magazine, two iull page bank'
''This advertisement typifies capitalism. It epiads· added to the appearance and exchequer. Two edi- tomizes the philosophy of capitalism. It is just as brutal
torials drove them from our midst. The truth about as capitalism; AND _IT EXPOUNDS THE REMEDY
the banking system was distasteful to our customers. OF CAPITALISM!
"Unemployment; crime epidemic; TEN SHOTS
We have not ads for firearms. If we had we would
QUICJ{!
"Savage is.the name of the gun. Savage the advertising that exploits it: 'Savage is the system that gives
it its opportunity.
'' But the advertisement does more than expound a
brutal philosophy. It tells the deadly truth. Unemployment does make ~rime. Unemployment drives people to desperatioh. It makes them hungry and cold
and they take ~esperate measures to ge.t food and
warmth.
"Then ·comes the Savage. Give them ten shots
quick. Kill the hungry men. Shoot the freezing
wretch. what do you think of that kind of talk 1
''And now just a word about magazines that print
such advertisements. \\Trite to the advertising manprint this picture just the same. The picture and th e ager of the magazines and tell them that you do not
editorial following are het·e repmduced by courtesy of like that kind of advertising. Tell him what your
the New York Call.
opinion of it is. Tell him that the hideous savagery and
"The picture printed here is a portion of a revolver brutality is too ugly and too murderous to find a place
advertisement.
in your home."
Truth About Mexico
A
T LAST some light is being shed on the l\1exican
situation. John Kenneth Turner is writing a
powerful series of articles for the Appeal ·to Rea~on in
·w hich he is giving the inside history of the struggle
during the past four years. Turner has ruthlessly
stripped the mask from Villa and shown him in his
true light r1s an unseoncionablc faker and a . fraud.
Many radical Americans have had faith in Villa because t>f the printed reports of the determination to
free the land and stop the exploitation of the agarian
workers. Turner has gathered a vast amount of facts
about Mexico and believes there is iiUJ;D.inent danger
th,!lt the United States may soon be plunged into war
with the southern country-that we shall attack Mexico
"in self defense" in much the samei manner as Germany· attacked France &nd Belgium in self defense last
summer. The writer challenges the sincerity of Woodrow Wilson and declares there are unmistakable signs
that there are preparations for war with Mexico.
President Wilson is charged with aiding Villa and
spurning Carranza. Turnef points out that the Constitutional party holds the men who ar~ really men of
importance in the revolutiona.py. movement. Such men
as Antonio Villareal, Obregon and L. Guiterrez
de Lara are standing firm with Carranza and if Wall
Street's pleas for aid to Villa should go unheeded there
would soon be an end to the reign of terror in northern
Mexico. Turner attributes most of the danger to the
American people in regard to the Mexican situation to
a venal press and the secret diplomacy of the Wilson ·
administration. Socialists need not be told of the
Yenality of the American press. That is an old story .
to them. That an invasion of' Mexico would be disastrous alike to democratic movement in both countries
no one can doubt. The Turner articles should be read
with care by all Socialists and all should be prepared
to act. Agitation and publicity on the part of the
Socialists and the radical press undoubtedly has prevented intervention in the past. Prompt action may
again :;;ave us.-F. E. \V.
�The Western Comrade
Booze and Revolution
By KATE RICH_A.RDS O ' HARE
P
IWJIJBITJOS has not redueed the sale of liquor,
hut ir tlw ruling elass can suceeed in cutting down
drinking lJy liquor lettislation, will it speed the coming
revolution 1
Mmst fH!HUredly!
Sobri<•ty mc•am; 1•ffieicncy, and "efficiency " moveniNJtls h11n ill all ag••s h•· •n the incubators in which revolut iotJH \\'l•r1• !tat t·ht•d.
'J'hn ruling <·lass has always desired more efficient
Hlavc•H. Th<•y hJ'{'tl th<'m up to be more efficient, and
I h<•ll f'ouud I hll t ,.ffit·it·ncy in producing wealth also prot)ll<·c•cl a dc·sit·f· 011 th1· part of the slave to enjoy more.
In ord1·r to s<·c·u r·r· mor<', the slaves J'evolted.
'I'IH• OIJWrtrd nntr·c·h of pfficiency has produced a race
of' wor)((•t•s th;Jt sl•t•tns to approach Nietzsche's "supe~
ttliiJJ . " l\lc•n who r·onqucr earth and air and sea, who
~o~ ubdtJI' 1inw IIJHL spacr and uatural forces, will hardly
h<' slltisfic•d hy a sin \'P 's hut, a serf's cot, or a moder·n
c:ity ~o~lum. Wh<•n thnt pfficient worl<er has built a world
ol' ht•n111,v, 1·omi'ort :IIlii lnxw·y, he will not stop at the
puny !(llh•s of pt·i\'ntr property with which the ruling
C'lass wonltl sh1tt 'him out of the Paradise he has created,
hut he> will liSP the same effieieney with which he built
lht• ~ntr~ to llllli111H' l' them down again.
The ruling class wishes ober workers to creat more
wealth for them, revolutioni ts need sober men to organize the workers to dru:_nand and ecure the
alth
they have created. A man who e brain i pickled in
whisky is of little value to the .ruling ela and be i of
inestimaWy less ~aloe to the working cla . Efficiency
oils the wheels of revolution.
Of course John D .. Rockefeller does not ·r aliz tho
fact, but it is true nevertheless that the Hookworm
Commission he is supporting in the outh i doip.g mor
for the revolutionary awakening in Dixie than anything
God bless you, John! \\Te are with you. You know,
John, that you and the hookworms can't both feed on
the same "cracker" at the .same l;,ime, and we Sociali ts
know that hookworms in the 'tummy and !"evolutionary
thoughts in the brain cannot .exist in the same man at.
the same time. You eliminate the hookworms, Johnny,
:md we will put the re~olutio:nary thoughts where they
will produce results. · An efficient man is a rebellious
man. And anything that raises the efficiency of the
working class will speed the Revolution.
Get busy, you middle-class foes of booze! We guarantee that if you can kec1, ;:1en sober, we will organize
·
them for revolution.
The Slaves
B y MARGUERITE HEAD
A
JWI'\'Ildin~
multitude, they \\'alk
the NH·th with weary, solemn tread;
'l'lw~r liv~-but lo! lwfor my ken there flock
The gJ'('flt<'r legion of the ag~s dead.
\ ho pn., ing by in vi ion, eem to mock
nr litH's of bnttle nnd our lines of bread.
"Shall ye, too, !Pave a heritage of blig~t
'l'o eurse your sons and daughters with your woe?
Nay, seek to learn that ye may give them light
'l'o set their souls with love and truth'}iglow,
And dissipate this dark night
That they its horrors ne\'ermore may know."
'l'lw . l:\\'1.' ' of t't.'ntnri . de pi ed, rHiled'l'ht•i-W JH't•tr(l milli 11. makt:o tlu~ir angui bed moan
ln plt>n ling m•cent : ' \Yt:o were once beguiled
T.ike you wl10 JiY(• • ahts! hnd we but known
lr htti.'nt power w hud lh~ed and miled
"
Throng!~ viril YN\rs to rt>ap where we had own.
The dream is sped: the great remorseful throng
Have ceased lamenting, and the voice is still.
The nameless ho. t who dn1dged through .eons longTheir unmarked graves the dust of every hillExploited, driven low hy want and wrong,
llave al1 . uccmnhed to one swift Reapn's wi11.
of ignoran('t> we were oppr ed ;
\Yt' tlid not. ~k the hcart-d troyinrr price
nr hnl~., mu~t pa.v for our aeenrsed bequest
(\f lmnda,e, po'•erty, di east> and vice,
Or \W h~ul ri en with a conquering zest
Tu build for tht'm. i:nstt'ad. a para~.
The . ert: of ages !-workin.,., fighting, dead!
The «.>arth is taroi bed with the scarlet stain
Of martyred toilel's-Dh, the stain is red !
Hark ! ye who hound m«.>n down for sordid gain
And know that while your vic~tims toiled and bled,
Your souls werl- branded with the guilt of Cain!
\ ' liSt
'l'ht·ou~hout
' Di.'NHM'
�Th e W est ern C o m r ad e
22
The Silent Souls in the Ranks
I
By EUGENE V. DEBS
are many great hearts, splendid spirits,
T HERE
heroic souls in the Socialist Movement. One has
hut to think of these to find solace in
the sorest trial.
. '
The names of most of these a.~e
barely known. 'l'hey suffer in silence
anc! almost . with joy for the cause.
'
Their· names are never in print. They
do not seek offict·; they give, but do not~ receive applause.
_
They give but little and yet they give much, for
th ey give their all. They ·know OJ;~ly how to give and
do for the cause. They think of nothing else and least
of all of themselves.
These are Socialists and of these is the Socialist
Movement.
These silent comrades never dispute about anything,
hut their hand can be seen in everything. They make
no noise, although they are constantly at work doing
the things that others argue about and split hairs over.
lt is because of this nameless and fameless host that
the Socialist l\Iovement is fire-proof, bullet-proof and
lightning-proof. Nothing can greatly injure it, or
more than momentarily halt its march to victory.
f
My hat is off to these · comrade~ of the rank and
file who seek nothing of the Movement but the chance
to serve it with all.theit: ~hearts. When I think of them
my heart leaps; hdpe is renewed, confidence strengthened and doubt v~nishes:
·
·
. The ·.o tber·day two of the comrades, brothers, crossed
a mountain in snowshoes, a ~istance of twenty-five
miles, to attend a me(!.ting in ldaho. Still anot1ler comrade walked fo~ty miles acro~s a higher range to attend
the same meeting.
Think of· that!
Those who usually talk about making sacrifices for
the cause know not the meaning of sacrifice.
They who ·really ·II).aks sacrifices never talk about'
them.
Leaders may and often do disrupt a movement, but
never make one, The rank. and file create always, but
never destroy.
·
The men and :women, the boys and girls who are
building up the Socialist Movement and putting their
hearts and souls into it, are the greatest · people in the
world. They are making it possible for future generations "to rise on their dead ·seJves as stepping stones"
to the kingdom of light .and love.
!nocuous First-Aid Bullets
By ARTHUR E. MACDONALD
A
NE"W bullet has been invented. A bullet which, it
is claimed, will save thousands of lives and mitigate the suffering on the battlefields of future wars.
Already there has bc€'n much agitation for its adoption.
You get it~ We must have wars. Capitalism and
God have decreed it. "Men. shall cry, 'Peace, peace! '
and there shall be no peace." We must go on shooting our fellows. But let us do it without making them
suffer; without killing them.
This bullet has two annular grooves, the first of
which is fillM with a nai'~otic to deaden the pain, and
the second with an antiseptic to cleanse the hole, check
the flow of blood and speed the healing.
Then the wounded men can return to the firing line
to be slwt again and may possibly acquire a liking for
the painless, harmless operation. It would be a simple
matter to add a drug of the "habit-forming" variety
to induce in en to be more eager for a second ''shot''
· of it.
It is a foregone conclusion that this bullet which is
so efficient" and capitalistically "economic," which so .
"conserves" the supply of bullet stoppers for future
ufle, will find much favor with those interested in increasing the output of the munitions of war.
To quote: "There is enough ·anesthetic _in the butlet so that a wound even in ·a vital part will cause little shock to the nervouR system. ""So writes one enthusiast in describing this latest addition to civilized
warfare. ''Nervous !<ystem '' is appropriate, surely!
Yet it is doubtful if the writer really meant that "the
recipients of the humane missiles'' must of necessity
be ones without brains. But (whisper it) isn't that the
natural conclusion to whi<'h one WOQld come when thinking of them and this new "twilight sleep" bullet'always excepting those who have ulterior reasons for
inaugurating its use. Nervous systems! Haw! .
The new invention has been offered to all nations
now at war and to the United States Government. We
sincerely hope the latter government, if it does elect to
adopt this life-saving bullet, will not put in a joker to
the effect that the old-fashioned, permanent-sleep kind
are to be continued for use in quelling strikes and~h,
we beg your pardon. But, really, you know, altruistic
bullets are alhlost too too-much.
�The Western Comrade
23
An Appeal For Peace
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT
S
OI\JE day the world must listen to the first cries
it. A sufficient reaction against wttr 'in the belligerent
for peace and know them to be genuine. Else countries will stop the war. That can be proved.
there can come no peace.
So go the objections to seeking peace. Let them
War cannot always continue. There must be an go--and let them come. Any European government
end. And that may be a trite thing to say, but eon- now at war can furnish a hundrec:l reason a minute for
ver·sation is made up largely of a repetition of trite keeping the war going-at the expense of Labor. Their
things.
reasons dQn 't interest me-and neither do tbe reasons
1 know the strong arguments that will be made given by any one el e. Labor loses by war·-the profithy those who think it useless to discuss peace now. ers win. Labor h:ts had enough of war.
And ] am convinerd that there is in those arguments
With Congressman London I believe our fir t and
nothilll! that shoul<l he pei·mitted to stop what agitation immediate step should he the sending of an able deletoward pl·ac·r we haYe been able to bring into play.
gation to Europe for the pm·posc of gathering accurate
Fir·st let us see what is to be said in discouragement infol'mation on thr state of affair·s as they concern the
of thost> who :tre agitating for peace.
workers and their international r·clations.
Thry haYe no power to compel respect for their
For, going hand in hand \Yith the task of agitating
agitation. Thry c·nn talk, but they cannot compel. .
for the stopping of th'e war goes the task of rehabilitatThe issue ovrr "·hic-h the war is being fought is not ing the lntel'!iational. And the only way to rehabilisettled.
tate the International is to r ehabilitate it. 'rhat means
lf 1h r \Ya ,. wrr(• to stop today, it would have to be that somebody must set about it.
fought out at gome future date.
This amhassador.ial delegation ought to set about
The majorit.v of the physical force of the world the work of bringing together the organized men and
is at "·ar, and it cannot be stopped until one side or women of the nations at wnr. 'rhere are thousands
the other has hcen fought to the point of exhaustion.
of workers in England, in Austria, in France, in GerThere are not in the belligerent nations enough per- many, who want wa1· stopped. '!'hey are working with!';Ons who actually want war stopped to have any effect out international relntions, and it nppears that the only
on the powers that made the war and are continuing it. way in which they can be brought into r elation with
The Socialists of America would, if confronted to- one another is hy the good offices of workers from neuday by a war crisis, be · themselves incapable of pre- tral nations. This not heranse of th eir lack of desire,
senting a united front against war, but would be swept lnrt hcranse of their lark of opportunity.
under the war tide.
It should he the work of this delegation to see perAnd that is a fo rmidable list of statements against sonally as many of the represe·ntatives of ·the workers
which to battle for prace. But it is no more formidable in th e various nations as possible and to keep the
than the actual condition that exists where war is.
· American workers fully informed-as to the progress of
And I think that, in spite of those arguments and their work.
whatevPr others may he brought forward, the agitation
The work of this delegation would at once furnish
for peace will continue in America and in the countries the American movement with a guide to its further
activities. There would be given a basis for actual,
nt war until the war stops-<>r is stopped.
lt ha. 1heen pointed out that as time goes on and practical operations.
the warring powers become worn by exhaustion, the
The workers of America have held their peace well
demand for peace will go up from those who rule, and in the face of the European conflagration. They have
that then peace will come, with the Socialists playing been "neutral" so well that they are bound to comno role of importance whatever. But even if that is mand the· respect of the workers of Europe.
o, it-must not detl'r us now. Nothing must deter us.
But this is not all that we can do. We can, by a
I am inclined to think that at least some of the ob- ceaseless agitation, encourage the workers of Europe
jection . brought forward as reasons for not acting to increase their own efforts to re-establish peace. And
:.r in reality mean a excu es for not acting. Some that is one of the biggest things that we can do. A
great popular resentment against the war-a great
find it ea ier to be negati>e than positive.
They ay the war cannot be stopped until one side . welling tide for peace rolling over the American coni ,exhau ted. They merely ay that · they do not prove tinent would he an inspiration to the embattled work-
..
�24
The Western Comrade
ers of Europe-and a good thing likewise for the workers of America.
That is true for the very good reason that every
bit of sentiment agains.t war in Europe increas~s the
hatred of all wars-and the powers of capitalism evidently do not intend to overlook America.
I believe that a program along the line of what I
have suggested will lead naturally to another and
greater step-the calling of an international congress
of workers-and that would be a great event!
There is enough to be done. And if there is energy
it will find outlet. Let us rise and· go forth, in the fight
for_ peace. Vlhen the workers of the nations at war
are struggling against mighty odds for their principles,
is it not poor courage indeed that Leads the workers of
America to remain passive, "watchfully -waiting" Y
we must throw our· energy into a great cr:usade for
peace. We must" dema;nd the end of .war. We can do
no less than the '-yor~·ers of Europe are doing. We
ought .to. do much more.
Overlpads of C-h arity
By IRVIN RAY
N
E\\"8PAPERS throughout the land are .comment- besides the want to ;give them a little charity. They
ing on the fact that the Charity Organization So- want, for one thing, to save their own claws from being
ciety of New York City spends, as stated in its annual clipped.
,
report, the sum of $1.50 in organization expenses for·
Charity folks must. never follow their own inclinaevery $1 it places wher·e it will do the most good among tions if these inclinations
lead them to the conclusion
.
.
the poor.
that changes in the laws of property are the things
Some of the paper·s roast the Charity Organization most to be desired. · I have seen charity folks follow
Society for ahsorh ing so much in expenses. Others ex- their inclinatio~s · to this point. l have seen what happlain that if we are going to have organized charity pened to them within their organization. They were
at a ll the overhead expense is necessary, and must not cast out of countenance, out of favor, were refused prohe complained against.
motion. I might fill whole pages with the stories those
I want to write about this overhead expense here, who were in and revolted against the charities Hierhut 1 do not want to complain about it. Not at least archy and now are out.
on its own account.
And those who stay inThe overhead expense is onfy an incident in the
W e have seen how the movement for pensions fo·r
coming of professionalism into philanthropy.
widowed mothers fell afoul of the private. charity orAnd professionalism has come. We h~ve Dr. Ed- ganizations and how they maintained ~lobby at Albany
ward T. Devine, in a circ'Ular advertising the School of to kill the bill.
Philanthropy comparing careers in professional philanAnd why a lobby ? For the good of the poor, whieh
thropy with careers in the law, in medicine, in letters. are supposed to be the concern ·of the private charity
We have both Dr. Edward T. Devine and W. Frank workers 1 Of course not. Fo; the good of the rich,
Persons, secretary of the Charity Organization Society who after having had this bill served up to them dead
of New York City, telling us it is none of the public's · upon a platter, would feel just 1n- the spirit to ''con.
business what they person·a ny get out of their profes- tribute. ''
sional services because the money comes from private
"We have felt in New York," said Mrs. John 1\1:.
sources.
Glenn, a leadin-g power in th e Russell Sage Foundatio~,
But does it come from private sources Y We hear in when she was asked to speak on pensions for widows at
the land ~lso the ribald fling at the learned doctors of the Conferen ce of Charities and Correction at Memphis
philanthropy, "What do you mean 'private sources' last year, ''that we d? not ·wish .to have a new form of
when you flaunt the poverty of the poor in the faces of care introduced in New York City. To demand of the·
the rich for a living?" Isn ~t the public entitled to an state that it shall give r elief to th e widow and her chil-·
accounting on that1
"
dren tends to lessen the family's sense of responsibility
It the heads of the powerful charity organizations for its own.''
merely eng~n giving relief with money showered
It was all very beautiful of Mrs. Glenn to speak up
down upon them, without their having to lobby for it, that way. BUT AJ,SO, r elief for widows by the state ·
to coax it, to study the rich and how to coax it out of calls for taxes- taxes. on the rich. A lobby maintained
them, then I for one could largely forgive them all and by Organized Charity to kill the bill means the saving
let them go their way.
of the rich from taxes.
But in these days even a blind man knows that there
Is it· any wonder there is a nation-wide cynicism
are many things the rich want, in regard to the poor, about Charity?--The Masses.
�The Western Comrade
A Short Way to Llano
(Tune : "Tipperary.")
By Dan Rooke
Right up to Angel City,
Came a colonist one day,
As the hrcad line was a formiiJg-,
So ev.ery one was gay.
Telling tal es of labor trouble,
And dispensing of hot air,
Till th e colonist got excited,
Ami he hollered to them there.
Chorus:·
It's a short " ·ay to the Llano,
It's a short way to go,
It's a short way to the Llano,
The greatest place I know.
Good-bye labor trouble,
Farewell all hot ai1·,
It's a short, short way to the J_,lano
And my heart's r ight there.
Thr colonist seut a wireless,
To Llano very soon,
Saying should you need me there,
Send wireless at noon.
Things are all in a turmoil,
Dodgin g cars, and jitneys, too,
So if you think I 'm needed,
I surely will get through.
Chorus.
Llano sent a wireless,
To th e colonist at large,
Saying you had better come
Or you will miss your charge.
By train loads they are coming,
And auto buses, too,
And they all stop at Llano,
And never one gets tlnough.
Chorus.
Llano, Cal., April, 1915.
My Politics
Being a Study in Capitalization. and the
Correct Use of Words, as Well as
a Confession of Faith.
J AM not. a Democrat because the
Democratic party is not democratic.
T am not ARepublican because the
Republican party is not republican.
I am not a Progressive because the
Progressive party is not progressive.
I am a Socinlist because the Socialist party is democratic, is republican,
is progre sive ;tnd is Socialistic; and
I am a dt>moerat, a republican, a progressive and a Sociali t.
Pictures for Propaganda
.Shoot .Capitalism
·. With: a·
·-StereoJ!licon
'.,..
Anyone can lecture with the aid ·of pictures;· they tell the
story, you point out the moral. Pictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They make your wor~ . doubly effective.
.We tell you how to get the gr.eatt!st results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete information.
W. SCOTT ·LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street.
Los Angeles, California
Gen. Otis says editorially in The Times, of
EVERYMAN
(By Luke North)
''If law and order, r espect for conventions and property rights
are to be maintained in this land and its civiJoization continued,
publications like Everyman must be suppressed . . "
And again Gen. Otis says:
"'-.
"Its lamentably brilliant pages pervert art to the cunning
uses of soeial disturbers . . . ''-and also, says the General, still
speaking of Everyman:
"It is. disturbing to mental stability."
Thank you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
from the Los Angeles Times.-Luke.
"
EVERYMAN. <Monthly)
Each Issue Has an Important Lecture or Essay by
Clarence Darrow
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�The Western Comrade
26 '
mE WESTERN COMRADE
~43
Entered as second-cla.ss matter at the
post otllce at Los Angeles, Cal.
924 Higgins Building, Loli Angeles, Cal.
Subscription f>l'lce One Dollar' a Year
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol.· II
April, 1915
No. 12
Colonists and R~bbits
SINCE the Socialists invaded the
Antelope Valley there has been a
deciclecl lh·ercasc in rabbits in that
seetion immediately surroundinithe
Llano del Hio Colony . . The valley
has hecn , in .\'Pars past, the seen€ of
immc>nse rabbit dr·ives. The ranchers
gathered in fo r· miles and drove the
lon g-cared jaeks and the wild cottontails into pens and slaughtered
tlwm by th e thousands. The colonists haw not partieipated in any
drives, but the hunters have kept
me> at in many a pot.
Now comes the news that Austr·alia last yea r· realized $3,000,000
from its J'ahbit crop. The animals
formf'rly were a terrible pest there,
but now they have heen turned into
profit making. According to a
newspaper report one buyer alone, it
seems, sent away over a ton of sliins
cac·h wt•ek all through last season.
It has been decided to start freezingworks at the place- that means carrying the surplus rabbit-crop over
in cold storage. The exportation of
rabbit-skins from Australia now exceeds in value over $3,000,000 annually, according to the Sydney repo~·t.
Now this is astonishing information. 'fhe antipodes are to be congratulated. For years we have been
hearing about their p est of rabbits.
Australians have long viewed · with
gloom the OYerrunning of their co ntinent. What mosquitoes are to New
J ersey or prairie-dogs to Kansas, or
the gypsy-moth to New England,
rabbits are to Australia- that has
been the impression.
Jt_was sixty 'years ago, or so, that
an incautious gentleman of New
South Wales obtained from Europe.
and turned loose in the colony, three
pairs of ra.hbits. As the population
and wealth of Australia incr<lased,
the rabbits increased; and more than
correspondingly. Until recently, it
has heen a tremendous problem how
to check them-to say nothing of
extermination. They drove 'farmThe rabbit resources ·of Australia
ers from their lands, and have are probably inexhaustible. It
threatened such devastation as has be some time, at any rate, b<lfore
not been · known since the succes- the country will need to take meassion of plagues paralyzed Egypt. ures to conserve the supply, even
Traveler-s report that ral:>bit-proof with the liveliest demand. Meanfences are characteristic oi the Au- ·while, the happy situation is that
stralia.n landscape.
. the Australians are able to sell what
T-he Australians have found
they have plenty of, and do not
way, at last. They have soived the w:imt to keep-what, indeed, they
exasperating riddle by ·~u],"!ling the ,\·ould hitherto have .been glad to
rabbits to profit. A demand for pay to get rid of. Such luck is
rabbit has been created .. in the entmgh to make that . celebrated
wo.rld 'smarts, it appears, e,s pecially .. ·•Australian bird, the laughing
f01: the skins. What was a nuis- jackass. split its sides with laughance, and a destructive one, is found ter, and ·the kangaroo leap for joy.
to be marketable.
Llano del Rio colonists are raisThis is merely another illustra- ing ·hares by the hundreds and they
tion, of course, of an industrial <·an increase the product by the
miracle with which we are familiar thousanas.
- the. ultilizatio!l of what h~s ·been
· Tlte rabbitry may prove one of
thought useless, the working up of th e mo:>t valuable departments m
a by-product of commercial value. the California colony.
will
a
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SOCIALIST
WAR MANUAL
A Revolutionary Interpretation of the European Ar~a.geddon a.nd the
Temporary Collapse of Internationalism
Contains:
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GENERAL CAUSES
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•
MILITARISM
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THE ATTITUDE OF ITALY '->...
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ANTI-WAR MANIFESTOES
By the European Socialist Parties
SOCIALISM AND .'THE WAR
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HOW GERMAN SOCIALISTS DIVIDED
By William English Walling
BRITISH AND AMERICAN SOyiALISTS ON THE WAR
Summary and Criticism of articles by Bernard
Shaw, H. G. Wells, H. M . Hyndman, Ramsay MacDonald, Robert Blatchford, Victor Berger, Eugene
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'
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�The Wes t ern Comrade
The Stalker
( Continued From Page 14)
lestation and in the gMse of a prospector reach some little railroad
town!
The thought brought . him to his
f~et with hope renewed.
He wondered how Louise · took the death of
Higginbottom and if he would ever
see her again. As he mused about
the girl and their first meeting in a
Fresno beer hall in the days before
t he" lo:t:~g hairs" put a quietus_to the
op erations of his ilk, Jacques Lorrilard entered his mind and accelerated his lagging steps.
A certain story concerni~g The
Stalker at the grim humor of which
he had often laughed, did. not now
sit well on his stomach.
S Ol\IE years before Bonchar ·s ad-
vent in the hills a Fresno upstage canying th e ·money to pay off
the flume company 's employes was
robbed and the lone dt·iver killed.
A Portuguese sheepherder was suspected. Jacques took the trail. After
three days he returned-with an ear!·inged ear and the heavy leather
pouch containing all the money intact. The laugh-raising finale of th e
tale ran that the half-breed minion of
the law stagger ed weakly into
Strongarm 's
and
nonchalantly
throwing th e grisly souvenirs of the
l' hase on th e bar, said:
"GeeYe me wan dreenk wheeskee!"
U N'l'Tf; nightfall Bon char plodded
doggedly onward through the
virgin forrst toward th e northeast.
Dcjectrd and footsore h e sat down
hy a brook and removed h is high-.
laced boots.
After bathing his
blistered feet he lay back upon a
springy carpet of pine needles and
was soon fast asleep. When he
awoke the moor. was high and flooding his drawn face \vith a light that
!>eemed AS day. Chilled to the bone,
he picked up his footgear and moved
hack into the heavy shadows before
replacing them.
The undulati"llg howl of a band of
fle etin g coyotes died slowly out in
the d istance.
Of a sudden, is seemed to his tau~
ner ves, the companionable n ight
noises of the lesser life in his vicinity ceased. The qu ick omin ous
quiet denoted to his practised senses
t he presence of som.e predatory beast.
27
The British Columbia ~ederationist.
Room 217
Labor Temple
V a.ncouver, B. 0.
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Issued Weekly
R. Parm Pettlplece, Managing Editor
A la bor paper unparalleled by any labor paper of Canada.
E ndorsed by t h e VIctoria Trades and Labor Council and
New Westm inster Trades and Labor Councu.. Otftclal
organ of t he '<rancouve r Trades and Labor Council a n d
British Columbia Federation of I:.abor. The paper for
lndust rl al Un ity, Political Unit y, Strength a n d VIctory!
U you do not take this p~per you should subscribe today!
THE SOCIALIST CAMPA.IGN .BOOK FOR 1914
Will give you
up-to-date· lnformat~on . about
The Socialist Movement
T he Labor Movement
Co- operation
Exploitation
W ages and Hours
U nemployment
Child Labor
Woman and Labor
Industrial Accidents
. Poverty
. The H igh Cost of Living
.
.
.
'
W hite Sl;J.very
. Crime
T he Old Parties
T he Progressives
Sy~dicalism
Concentration of Wealth
The Trusts
Profits
Socialists ~ O ffice
and many other things of interest to Socialists
and st udents-too many to m~ntion.
.
It has been compiled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and is the most complete reference book 6f that
character that has ever been published·. .
Bound in. flexible cloth, 350 pages. "
5() CENTS A COPY.
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CAMPAIGN BOOK FOR $1.25. Address Circulation Department, 924
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�The Western Comrade
28
Here's One Magazine
YouWarit
Pearson's Magazine is the
only magazine of its kind. ·
"Its form enables it to depend
on its readers alone -on
·advertisers not at all. It
_"can and does, therefore,
print facts which no magazine that depends upo.n
advertising for a living can
"afford" to print. It does
print such facts every
month. Every issue contains the truth about some ·
condition which affects
your daily welfare, which
you want toknowandwhich
you can find nowhere else.
Besides, it prints as much
fiction and other entertainment as any general magaCharles Edward Russell
zine. If you want one
"The reason why l advise all pcrsous
radical magazine to live and
that believe in a free press to support
grow,subscribetoPearson's.
Pearson's AI agazi11e is because PearPearson's is the only big
son's is the only great maga:i ne that
maga.zine in America in
is free."
·
which the Socialists get an
equal opportttnity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Sociali'sm is presented by the leading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chas. Edward Russell.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
Here'sAnoJher Magazine You Want
The Western CoDtrade
'l'h~ only illustrated Socialist magazine west of Chicago. It Is ·
excelled by none in America. Hundreds of subscriptions are
rcoming in from ocialists who are anxious to keep in touch
with news of the development of the Llano del Rio Colony.
Our aim is to make the magazine bet_ter and brighter with each
1ssue.
ubscription by the year $1.
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Address Circulation Dept.• 924 Higgiria Bldg~ Los Angeles, CaL
He slowly raised his rifle and gazed
intently along its barrel down .the
watercourse .w here intuition urged. ·
After a short wait there came the
quick cracking of brush at a. point
twenty yards bf)low him, near the
creek. This was followed by a
piercing shriek and the unmistakable
souhds of a struggle. With upraised
rifle -Bonchar moved cautiously along
in:. tlie shadow toward the spot
whence came 'the upro·a r. Interest in
the deadly conflict raging between
these prowlers of the night led him
a position of vantage behind a
large boulder, from which he could
view the battle in the event that their
belligerency brought them into the
open and the light.
Hardly had he become settled when
b.oth ,.combatants rolled, a snarling
ma s, out of the darkness. His impulse wa'S to shoot, but some stronger
instinct held his finger inert on the
.trigger. An instant later he WitS
horrified to see a huma:o arm extric-ate itself from the tangle and drive
home a shining blade into the writhing, tawny body of a mountain lion.
At once 13onchar let go at the feline,
now trying to drag itself off into
thP brush.
The man sprawled convulsively
about, facf' clown, for a few moments
and tht'n ·l ay still.
The gambler turned the .body over
on its hack and gazed closely at the
bloody, lacerated · face and torn
throat of the dead man.
"lVfy God!" he remarked. " .You
wrre some ti.ialker, Jacques old boy,
hut, as the saying goes, 'There are
.to
OTimRR.'"
""'-
War and Potato Bread
The news comes from Germany
that the Kaiser and his family are
living on potato bread, the same as
the common people and the soldiers, '
which reminds one of the old limerick:
"There was a young lady named Maude,
Who was suspected of beln~ a fraucl.
She never was able
To eat at the table,
But out in the pantry--Good La.wd."
Not the Llano Liz
' ' I understand that you have a
new motor-car.''
"Yes."
"Do you drive it yonrselff"
"Nobody drives it. We coax it."
�.. .
u ·
The Western Comrade
Young Colonists W ed · ·
THERE was a flutter of excitement
at the Los Angeles office of the
Llano del Rio Colony when Miss Mellie Miller and Herbert Stanley Calvert quietly invited the office force to
accompany them to the courthouse
and witness their marriage. With a
dozen comrades the young people
walked to the Hall of Records, where
in less than thirty minutes they
were married. Judge Grant Jackson performed the ceremony and
imposed a fine of $2 on Calvert and
promptly remitted it to the bride.
Mrs. Frank E. Wolfe and Hyman
Levin provided the material and
legal advice for th e occasion. . Miss
Lucill e \Vatson, a close friend of the
bride, stood beside her during the
rl'rrmony. The marriage is the result of an attachment formed by the
~·o un g coupl e two years ago when
th~y
becmne acquainted through
their membership of the Young People's Sotialist League.
Whrn the Llano del Rio Colony
\Yas founded, Comrade Calvert was
one of th e early rustlers for recruits
ani! it was through his efforts l\Iiss
1\lille1· entered the offices of the colony, whcrt' she soon got such a thorough grasp of the husiness affairs
of the enterprise that she has b_een
a valuable adjunct to the office. Both
of the young people hold memberships in the colony, but are not planning to enter their permanent residence there. 1\frs. Calvert "\Viii remain in the colonv office and her husband will continue his business in Los
An geles until the fall, when they plan
to hoth attend the University of California . .
Comrade Frank Miller, father of
Mrs. Calvert, is a well known s ·ocialist of Los Angeles, who has recently
joined the colony and will soon take
his family to I1lano.
Both the young people have hundreds of frien~s among the radicals
of California, and both have achieved
some fame as propagandists in writing and in public speaking. They
will meet their friends of th e younger
colony set when they attend the May
Day festivities at Llano.
Tlie Y. P. S. L. comrades of Mr.
and Mrs. Calvert are having consid-erable fun at their expense because
of their concessions to conventionality by being married by a bourgeoise judge in a capitalist court
room. They take t he chaffin g quiet ly.
Socialists A tten.tion!.In order to place a copy or our catalogue
of union-made goods in QJ.e hands of
every reader·. of The Western Comrade,
we will send postage prepaid, on receipt
or FIFTY ~~NTS, one of our genuine
sheep~khi-llia.ther card. cases BEARING
THE UNION LABE4
.
This C!l,fd case contains four . pockets,
one large for bills and papers, one for
your dues-stamp' book, and two with
transparent windows for union member .ship cards. Th.i s is the ONLY CARD
CASE on the market made by Organized
Labor and bearing the union label. It is
· no longer necessary for a class-conscious
Socialist to -be inconsistent.
Send fifty cents in stamps or
order.
mon~y
MUTUAL UNION TRADING COMPAN·Y
(The only exciuslve union label merchandisers)
<Owned and managed by members of· the working class)
9 Boar d of Trade Cou rt, CHICAGO, ILLS.
Why Not?
Customer (looking at auto)What. the lamps not included in
the advertised price of the machine 1 But the lamps are shown in
the illustration.
Salesman-My dear sir, so is a
very beautiful woman, but we're
not giving a lady with each car.
After the Masquerade
''Did you enjoy the dance 1''
asked Kate.
"Oh, fairly," answered George.
"Some of the girls told me they
didn't enjoy the dance one bit.''
'' \V ell,'' said George, ''I couldn't
dance with them alL"
A Bad Spell
Teacher: "What does P-r-z-e-my-s-1 spML"
"Hay fever, Tommy."
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The American Socialiat speaka
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THE WESTERN COMRADE
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�The Weste.Tn Comrade
30
The Home Barroom
WITHOUT trymg to get :into a
controversy on the boo~e question, we offer the following without
credit or comment:
To the married man who cannot
get along witho11t his drinks, the following is suggested as a means of
freedom from exploitation by the saloon keeper:
Start a saloon in your own house.
Be the only customer. Yon will have
no license to pay. Go to your wife
and give her $2 to buy a gallon of
whisky, and remember there are
sixty-nine drinks in one gallQ'i;. .
Buy your drinks from no one but
your wife, and by the .time the first
gallon is gone she will have $8 to put
into the bank and $2 to start business
again.
Should yon live ten years and continue to buy booze from her, and then
die with snakes in your boots, she
will have money enough to bury you
decently, educate your children, buy
a house and lot, marry a decent man
and quit thinl<ing about you.
I
Read the Correct InterpretatioJ;t of "Underlying Mutives in the
Most -Remarkable ana Vaiuable Book of the Year
The Mexic.a n People-Their .Struggle fori.Freedon;t
-By..;_
L. Gutierrez .de Lara .and
'
'i"
'i"
P inchon
'i"
Eugene V .. Debs says:
·" •
• • It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the -tillers of
the soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by the military power."
Make It Constantograd?
T
HE "Congress of the Nobility"
of Russia in solemn conclave at
Petrogt·ad adopted the foll owing
resolution:
·
The vital Interests of Russia require full possession of Constantinople, both shores of the Bosphorus
and the Dardanelles abd the adjacent Islands.
'i"
Georgia
Kot~'lh
'i"
'i"
says:
"• •
•
It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives "from the deali'Ilgs with
l\Iexico of the United States and other countries and presents t~ stark truth that
American and norld -capitalism has been,
and is, in leagut; against the proleta.riat of
i\'fexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master .class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirf!ty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in varying eiretun.6taooes the
story of the proletariat in every country,''
All rigllt, messieurs of the nobility. Soyez vous tranquille. Remain
safely at home. Henrivitch Dubbo.wsld is on the firing line and after
his conquest you can p~t him back
to work whil e yon take possession
of the loot. Leave it to Henrivitch,
he will do the fighting, starving and
dying for you.
What's the Use?
The I,~nvyer-" You really want a
divorce ?''
<:::The \Vifc-" Yes."
The Lawyer-" All right. Wltat
-a bout the alimony''' .
Tihe \Vl.fe-•'He can't p·a y any
alimony.''
The Lawy<er-"Eh~ Wllalt is t!his
-.lt p~r:aetic.aD. joke f Ta.l{<e my 'aidvice,
mad:a;m, and gr(i) ibwck 'homre :and waat
nntil he ge'ts 'S(i)rnethillilrg. Fifty d'(!)alars, parea e."
~cumb
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W e wiU send yon tllitis book and The Western Comrade for
ye.a-r for :$2.00
o~
�e
e
t
Here is
FROM PANAMA-CAI:IFORNIA EXPOSITIO • SA
DI~GOo CAL.
Mr. R. R. Snowden, Los Angeles, Cat
Dear Sir: Last year we were having corudderable_trouble f i Olll' n
OD.
toll. • . . These soils have been treated in accordance wit'b your prescrlpU
re.uJte. In fact, at thfa time we are having no trouble at all th the son in the nu
Very truly
(The expo1ttlon authorttle
YOUJ'S,
-
,
FRANK P • .ALLEN; JR., Director or
have twi~ since used my services, which fact also tells Its o
•
rb.
D.
ator •
rees of the same size and shape, at one year and twenty-two days from pl
r hard, were chosen for experimental purposes. . 1\1e~surements mad
.
'
m nths and six days after fertilizing began, are shown.
WITHOUT SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
It should be remembered that while any
chemist can make a soli
analysis, yet not every one
has had sufllcient experience and of the right kind
to enable him to correctly
interpret the results and
apply .them to treatment
of the soli so as to give a
.reasonable certainly of
profitable returns to the
person paying for the
analysis. This is certainly
the most important thing
to consider.
Mr. 0. H. Hottel, an orange grower, said to Mr.
Chas. D. Baker, a banker
of Pomona, Cal. : "The
money I paid Snowden for
soil analysis is the oest
money I ever spent." (On
the strength or this testimony Mr. Baker lias had
two orange ·groves examined and prescribed fol' by
me.)
RECEIVED SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
Height ............................ 5 1et~t, 1 ftteb,
Breadth of top .......... ........ .. 3 1M. 11 JMJ!u,
Circumference of trunk at sroun4 • ••• • ,. ·''"
Circumference of trunk at low'er
JMbft
branches . ............................. 3% f
ommercial Exclusive Soil Laboratory in the United
•
hemi t
nd
oil Engineer
I
�Ow
Yo r J b.
Hundreds are ac~ieving this by jpining the
Llano del Rio Co-operative Colony.situated in
the Antelope Valley, Los Angel~s County, California, where climate and surroundings.are ideal
for an · agri~ultural and industrial--community
This (){Immunity is doing constructive and
productive work in one of the most beautiful
valleys in Southern California. The climate
and surroundings are ideal. The Colony was
founded and is conducted under the direct
supervision of Job Harriman, who has been
a leader in the
Socialist
movement in America
for the past 25
years. The Colony is solving for ~':, __
its members and
their families the serious probl~ms and disemployment and insecurity for the future.
Here is an ex8.mple of COOPERATION IN
ACTION.
There were originally one thousand memberships. Nearly one-half of these are gone
a.nd the remainder are going rapidly. Men
and women of ~early every useful oocupation are needed in the community. These
men are following the latest. scientific methods in farming, stock raising, dairying, poultry production, bee keeping, trout hatching
and rearing; and otl;ler "&gricultura.l a.nd industrial pursuits. Sooiallit;e is uiost delightful. If you are willing to .apply the principles of co-ope~:at~on of which you have heard,
talked and read so niuch, here is your opportunity. Co-opel'ation is a practical thing a.nd
must be worked
· .-I out in a practical
~ manner. By this
· method we can accelerate the great
_.,
worlQ. movement
toward the socialization of all .the sources of huma.n life.
Do you want to solve your own vexatious
problems a.nd assist in this great enterprise?
We want Colonists and we want representatives who can speak and write the message
of freedom. You can make good from this
- hour if you will take hold a.nd se(ture members. You can make this organization work
a permanent business. See the story of the
Colony on page 15 ·.of this magazine, take
advantage of your opportunity and write for
particulars.
Lj-'
IL·
Address C. V. Eggleston, Fiscal Agent ·
'
Ll.~-t~NO D~L
924 Higgins Building
~-
R () (:OMP NY
I!:
I
Ili•
I
Los Angeles, Caifornia
''I'·•I
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-04
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1915-04
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n12_191504
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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v02n12
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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Inside this Cover Are Many Brilliant Articles Written by Some of America's Foremost Socialist Authors
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/68a7282ffadfca0c7637518ea59adc94.pdf
5cccce5739dc3e54417b6a3ffa8ac737
PDF Text
Text
'
"
·,
e
:. Read .
·· Job·
1-Jarrirrian's
Great
.:.JZP'~J· Article
'
·on the
Inevitable
~MI . Coming
.of·Socialism
....
•
Frank H ..
Ware's
l
Cl~ver
Satirical
.
Scenario
.
A.· F.
Gannon's
Fascinating
Fiction
City Mothers' Fox Trot-By. Georgia Kotsch
'
�The Wes t er n C omrade
2
ELKS KIN
BOOTS an4-SHOES
Factory operat~d in,connection
with·LLANO DEL Rib CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots.$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes .. . 3.60
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . . ... . ...... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 6
to 8 . .... .... .. .. 1.76
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11. . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' a.nd Youths,
11% to 2 . . .. . . . . . 2.50
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above Illustration. Pass tape
around at linea without drawing tight." Give
size usually worn.
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranchers and· Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies;' men's
and children's button or lace in lig\lt
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
•
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�..
CONTENTS
Giant Llano Yucca- tn Futl Blossom-----------···----- Cover
Breeding Revolution -·------·--· -·-:··-·------.____ ..Page f
Comment on World Event.. By Frank E . Wolfe_____Page
5
B:r Georgia Kotscb .......____:J>age
9
City Mothers'
Fox
Trot.
U. S. Battleship Sunk. ··---······--······--··-----····---···---·····-Page 10
The Municipal Hesitation.
By Ed Mclntyre............Page 11
New Worlds to Conquer. By John M. Work·-···-·-··-··Page 1~
Into the Lunacy Fril\ge-----···-----·--------··-········-··---·····----····Page 12.
.
Sees Progress In Defeat. By Frank Harrls ________________ Page 13
Out to Sea.
By A. F. Gannon·-··--·-··---------------·-----·-····--·Pa.ge 15
Llano del Rio ColonY--··----·------·-----·-·······--···-····---·-··----··--.Page 16
Need of New Brains.
By Morrison I. Swift._ ____________Page 18
Map of City of Llano--··--··-------------····----------- -----·-----·-------·--Page 19
Open Under New Management.
By Frank H.
•
Ware ----------------·-·--·-------·--·······-----··············-·······-·--··--····Page 20
Patriotism
By W. A. Jacobs ________ __________________ ________________Page 22
Socialism Inevitable. By Job Harriman ----····----------····Page 23
Great Battle-Great Flapdoodle.-------····--·-----------··--··----Page 24
Who Are Best Slaves.
By Homer Constantlne .... ____ Pa.ge 25
CARTOONS
British L~on and Fiea•---------····---····----------------·····-----------·-Page
The
A
Engll~
Splder-----------·-·--·- --- ---------·-----·-·--···-----·----------Page
•
6
7
H~ible Picture-----·--·--·------·---·-···---··-··---·-----··-··--·---·---·--Pa.ge 8
Belgians in London -------------·-···-····----------·--··-·--·····---·-·······-Page 12
Kaiser and His Cousin.----------- ---------·-·---·-----·-----··--····-·---·-Page 13
New Beiglan Blocks--------------- ---·----·---------··-··---··-·---------···-Page 14
Imperial Dachshund ------···-------------·--- -------·------------··-··-----.-Page 14
The Old Corporai---·-··-·--····-------·-··--····--·-··-----------·----·--·-·---·Page 21
Wonders of Science ____________,_______________________________________________Page 23
The Gunman-----·--·--·:·--··--·--··------------------------------------------··-----Page 25
OBO~OJ@B!IOSO
�The Western Comrade
4.
..
BREEDING REVOLUTION
/
What London Punch Thinks is Awaiting the Kaiser
�THE' WESTERN COMRADE
Devoted
-------------------------Political Action
VOL. II
to the Ca!Aafl of the Workers
Co-operation
NUMBER 11
LOS ANGELES, CAL., MARCH. 1915
Sunday Sight Seers
Scores of Jnyestigators Visit Llano del Rio Colony Every Week End
COMMENT ON WORLD EVENTS
By Frank E. Wolfe
il AIIHh! God is God, and l\Iohammed
A LIJA_I-I
is or is not his prophet- just as you believe.
•
Darden.elles; the Rusians haYe run them a race at
the Bosphorus.
Constantinople was the prize. Ere this is read,
the cand les in St. Sophia will have been consumed,
though the waters of the Sea of Marmora be incarnadined with human blood. The Christian God
will triumph over the Moslem God and t he infidel
followers of each will pray and curse arid go down
in death grapple. Greece and Italy will join in the
struggle and the Aegean Sea will be filled with fleets
"
of Europe.
The jcha<l has failed and only trickery of diplomats
or intrigue among conquerors and conquered can
prevent the overthrow of l\Toslems in Europe. The
shet·t>ef has h<'en waved in vain. That erstwh ile all
potent green banner has not aroused the frenzy of
t he faithful as of yore.
Moslems of Asia, and many in Turkey, deny that
the Ruccessor of Osman is the true caliph, and that
'
the blood of the prophet flows in his veins. Only
+ + +
the descendants of the trihe of Koreish may keep
N HIS fetwa, Mehemed-Reshad, Sultan of Turkey,
the green flag. The Shiah l\Ioslems at·e mostly Persays to his soldiers: "Grasp your weapons;
sians and Indians who, either .secretly or openly,
trust to God! Hurl yourselves with full might
d~ny the Turkish Caliphate, and they are not re·ponding to the call. The summons by sacred fet~a against the foe and the Divine help will be with us!"
That seem.<~ fair enough. The Christians have
has all but fallen flat, and the British and French
cruisers have batter ed their way through the .put ·their case in the hands of Jehovah, their God of
I
�The Western Comrade
6
W a1·. Why shouldn't the lslamitic Caliphate have
the assistance of its own God Y Under the Sheriat,
those of the Mohammedan faith, who figl_lt against
various ports.. Pleas for patriotism have been of
little avail and these ~orkers have stood firmly
against threats and cajolery. There is much hope
to be gathered fro~ the action of these workers .
. There is a sm'o lderfug fire in· all the ·countries
embroiled in the war. May it burst into consuming
flames.
.
.• . +
,
W
+
ITH an admitt~9, half million unem~loyed in
New· York City, the Gary committee has
trifled and stalled through the winter and done
nothing at all. It organi~ed a blue print diagram
department, !'!pent th'ousands of dollars piffling
around its offices and ?naJly · reached the height of
assinity by sending out " .Christian spirit" letters
to employers asking them not to discharge anybody.
Wonderful tho_u ght, that! When the Gacy bunch
starts the mighty enginery of such masterly brains
something gives. In this instance it was the "Christian spirit" letter. Aftel""the issuance of that letter, about 100,000 more persons were disemployed
by the Christian-spirited employers.
The amazing thing about the performance of the
catfish that make up l\Iayor Mitchel's committee is,
that out of the whole miserable mess of poppycock
and piffle not one thought has been exp~essed about
the cause of unemployment-not an idea has found
its way through their skulls.
In a letter to the mayor of .New York, Amos
•"Goddam!
Whall kind of fleas have I got In my
Pinchot declares that ''if we make it clear to the
mane, anyway!"
community that the government must own and conSlmplicissimus, Munich.
t~ol ( 1) the natural resources whi~h are the basis
Turkey iu this holy • .var, will be ''regarded as mur- of industry and the sources of energy, and (2) our
derers and punished with the fires of hell.''
transportation systems, we will have taken the first
All right: Forward, with God! Onward, Chris- great step toward meeting the unemployment questian soldiers!
tion with a sound, constructive and practical pro+ + +
gram.''
I
ITTLE of the truth of the labor situation in .
Yes, Amos, that will be a step. But why stop
England is allowed to creep into the censored with the step 1 Let us make the whole journey.
and cowed British press. Little publicity was given Let us start now and not stop until the people have
to the railroad strike and prompt adjus'tment by taken possession, by wholesale restoration, of all of
way-of increased wages and other concessions to the means of production and distribution of the
the workers.
n ecessities of life. Let us immediately take over
Now come reports of the strikes of the dockers at the means of communication and exchange, and
L
�The Western Comrade
7
wrest from the capitalist pirates all the machinery
of. exploitation.
If you and your class will join t,he workers in
this we will yield you a point and begin with the
land, but you must stick with us and insist on no .
cessation until we reach the goal-the socialization
of the sources of life.
T
·with the little idiotic top caption used by .this sheet,
"Bad to Worse," t~e writer has cribbed extensively
from the Russian writer who declares that the war
has brought :E·urop.e ~fifty years ne~rer to state own~
ers}J.ip~ of ali .thin'gs collectively used. . The writer
says: "The Socialists clai:m to be a P~.ace party,
but what they c<;>.u ld not get through peace they will
get through war. W4en war broke out short- ·
+ + +
sighted people said that Socialism had disappeared.
HAT Europe 's Armageddon is turning out to be
Socialists everywhere, in Fran·ce, Germany and AusSocialism in disgriise is the hopeful declaration
tria, stuck patrioically to their governments. The
short-sighted claimed that by this surrender to
Chauvati.ism the $oci'fllists gave their cause away.
In reality Socialists were unconsciously doing Socialism their best conceivable service. They are
helping th~ state to tealize Prof. Wagner's old
prediction that 'war on the scale of our modern million armies can be provided for' economically only
if the state have refuge to the most drastic schemes
of Socialistic expropriation.' The war is a bloody
way of realizing Socialist notions. A social revolution might be equally bloody and it would have no
chances of success.''
The writer goes at length · to show instances
where England and continental countries have
seized public industries and makes a rather strong
case that after the war there will be a distinct movement in favor of holding and operating all that has
been taken. Like all superficial students he makes
the profound mistake of coDfusing state capitalism
with Socialism. We wish his predictions as to Socialist gains were based on more careful deductions.
T
The English Spider
9f Stephen Aspden, who is a special correspondent
and whose articles are printed in that delightfully
progressive and sterling daily newspaper the Los Angeles Times. In an aJ:ticle that is cheerfully headed
+
+
+·
HOSE dfscerning <mes who have been taking consolation ·from the statements that Socialism is
no longer a menace to capitalism in qermany must
have experienced a distinct shock to learn that a
Socialist had been elected to · the City Council in
Berlin and that there is a great rallying movement
all over Germany.
It is· true that Socialists of the world suffered a
terrible defeat when the world war began. Our
dreams of ~eace were shattered. We had hoped
that the propaganda had spread and that the wgrking class of all countries was . aliv~ to the needs of
__,__
�The Western Comrade
8
solidarity in the stand against--war. We had hoped
to establish an unshakable international working
class that should know no artificial geographical
boundaries; that should recognize but one common
cause--that of bringing about the new age of cooperation, peace and plenty for all mankind.
As for the present cataclysm, Socialists', whether
they be in the trenches of Europe or iri the industrial hattie of the so-call ed neut!.al nations, r ealize
that it is the barbarisms of ''peace'' under capitalism that are the greatest cause of war.
In <~ountries involved in tlw st"ruggle there is an
admitt<·d dt ee k to out· great movement, but to call
it a c-o llapse of Socialism as some writers have expressPd it-that is an expression born of the hope in
the hearts of the privileged elasses. These exploit- _
rrs, \\·ho an· riding easy on the shoulders of labor,
may sr<> the tet-rihle eonsequences of war. Th ey
may fep) that ht1sincss will for the time ht> paralyzed,
hut thry pr·pfet· this to the hosti le hosts of Soeialism
who W<'rt' stead ily, possibly slo\\·ly hut with great
pre<·ision und<·rminin~-r the foundations of their·
house.
W
IIILE you arf• gettin g your. momin g shudder
over· the statements of the killed and
wounded on th e European battle front, pause between your oats and your eggs and take a look at the
list of kill ed on one of Ameri ca's fi elds of slaughter.
Take the mining ~lnd quarrying industr·ies: During the past year the vi ctims kill ed and wounded
total 103 ,6~ 1. Of these 3631 wer e killed outright.
This is a d eath rate of 3.49 in every 1000 of the
1,047,000 men employed in fhe industrie1 mentioned.
Dr. .J. A. Holme<;, director of th e bmeau of mines
says the death rate is excessive an<l unnecessa ry and
a discredit to the industt·y ~mel the country. Let us
quote this pnthority:
"I beli eve I am eonservative wh en I say that half
of the 3651 men killed in the yeat· 1913 might have
beeu saved, and three-fourths of the 100,000 men
injured in th e sa,rne year might have escll.ped injury had all the various agencies involved-the
operators, the miner·s and the state and . national
govemmrnts- don e thrit• full duty in th e matter. "
None will disagree with the director. Had these
capitalist institutions done their full duty toward
humanity it would h:iv~ reduced the dividends upon
which private ownership depends for its existenuc.
There .is but one r emedy--the nation must take
over these ahd "au other large indus.tries and all the
natural sour~es o.f life and oper-ate them for . the
benefit of the collecttyity.
<t•
W
+
+
AR has taught to thousands in the field the
power·o·f cooperatjve effort. As one magazine
writer has put it: Sooner or later, if the world is
to stand and man~ind is to continue to advance,
peace will have to go sc~ool to \Var to learn the
A Horrible Picture
Philippine Free Press. Manila.
art of caring fo r men. That divine altruism which
W<' see fusing in one great glow the armies in Europe
today will somehow have to be blown abroad
through the infinite tomorrows. Th e millions who
in th e trenches today see on e\·er~ hand the manifol_d advantages of cooperation \\'ill not forever tolcr·at e th e la ck of this fin e t!rin~ in times of p eace.
Not forever will a mere extens ion of boundaries and
huge indemnities to he used by the state in the
preparation for further wars hE' accepted by men as
compensation for tlw bloodshed and ruin of homes.
This does not mE'an that war is a desir·able school,
hut it indicates that th ere will be something ~vhole
some and of vahw t augh t to the sunivors of the
struggle.
After th e struggle shall ha\'e E'ndc>d there will
<'Orne an era of constructive effort under collective
control that \\'ill mark the da\\'n of a n ew and
glorious d?.y for all mankind.
�'•.
The Western Comrade
City Mothers' Fox Trot
By G.EORGIA KOTSCH
lll~===:=:;t ROFESSOR LARKIN, in 'a re.c ent article,
pronounces the sustained poise in the air
of birds on motionless wings one of the
greatest mysteries of nat,-qre.
That isn 't a circumstapce as· a mys.
tery to the happenstance in human na-.
ture of a lot of politicians, no better, if
no· wm·se, than average folks, being
transmuted presto pronto by the fact of election to
office into protectors of vir·tu.C and moral models for
the youth of the land.
Whi('h is by way of remarking that we have had a
municipal dance.
A municipal danee is a philanthropic effort put
forth by the 1\Tanagrrs of our i\forals to ful'l1ish chemica lly pure, government inspected recr eation for people who will do wron g if not watched.
Dollars and decenq, pm·ity and privilege are
synonymous terms. That is why the moment an individual or· a family annexes a sizeable bunch of kale
it automatically heconws r espectable and of some account. Accordingly, it would seem that a brass-bou11d,
fully guaranteed method of regen erating the world
would he to make all the people well-to-do. A cheaper
way is the munieipa I dance: . P eople usually prefer a
round-about way of doing things, anyhow.
This dance was a great success. As th e first r equisite it was thoroughly chaperoned. Th e only picture
I every saw of God represt>nted him with an eye in
the back of his head-the creation of the unco gu id
who believe that nobody ca n he trust ed out of sight.
The dance was more than chaperoned- it was
moth ered, and by a n ew and most appropriate sort
of mother. The old-fashioned article furnished for
some years past by Dame Nature for ordinary requirements has proven inadequate to modern exigencies.
Neith er were these foster, step or in-law. They were
City 1\fothcr·s, as becoming to a municipal function.
To cl imate Los Angeles has added this second distinguishing feature .
Beautifully gownrd, tlwy stood in a row, graciously patronizing, r eady to receive the naughtily inclined boys and · girls who have no ni c~ dances to go
to~ and saying in effrct :
"Dear girls, gaze upon us. ·what we are, you
should try to become . . We have come as Exhibit A
and we have even loaned for th e occasion the scions
of our families, that you may he impressed with the
fact that virtu e and money and good clothes are their
own reward."
But there was nary an impress. The dance, as remarked, was a tremendous success. The only thing
that was the ~attei" with it was that the people for
whom it was ·pla.Iffied di.dn 't come. Inste'a d a lot of
.
'
nice y.oung folks ,vbe are accustomed to going to · respect~bl& dances (or the dances nowaQ.ays designated
as such) and to behaving· thems(flves , ~s respectable
people.. be~a:ve t~rre, came and were neither better nor
worse· than if they had attended some other dance.
But suppose the chil~en of the perverse poor had
attended! '1'4ink. of the cruelty of it! As intimated,
the affa~r was also chaperoned by the City Fathers.
They also stood in a row. Middle-aged men, even i.f
persona-lly justified in.so aoing, seldom go it too strong
on the pattern or' virtue pose·. Young America is irreverent and given to knowing winks. But thet·e the
Fathers stood, sartori~.lly resplendent in up-to-snuff
haberdashe-ry; like veritable Dukes of Kalamazoo or
Viscounts of .Watts receiving their tenantry. The City
Sons and Uncles and Nephews were there, too.
Think of the· susceptible hearts of $3 and $6-perweek cannery and department store _girls palpitating ~
through one brief, ·butterfly evening, tripping the
tanglefoot, dipping the devil-dare, breathless i~ the
lmnn~' hug, in a p erfectly respectable dance with these
irresistible creatures! The great inducement held. out
in the advertisement of the dance was that you would
have an opportunity to shake a foot with Somebody.
l\Iany a young heart would have .gone to the next
day's grind haunted by the hopeless vision ~f the
gracefu1 flapping of a police sergeant's coattails in
the tango. It would simply have ereated needless mental suffering.
.
If Mrs. Charity Club-Dub or Mrs. Fashion de Fussfeath ers lend the luster of their presence and their
son'> to grace the festive scene, does that indicate that
they will countenance a mesalliance with a $6-awcckcr ? Nay, Natalie ; alas, Alys, not so. Philanthropy nmneth not to snrh ~xtremes.
'l'ake it all in !ill , there is just this one thing <?an
he said : A joyride originating at a police-City Mother
supervised dan c·c is orthodox, while a joyride originating- at oth er dan ces is likely to furnish a text for a ·
sensational preacher next Sunday.
One other thing some simple p eople may say, and
that is: If the people had what they earned they
would look after their own recreations and would be
just as likely to he decent as their betters.
\Vhethc · City Mothers werr invented to mother
th e city 01 to mother the chances of political candi-
�10
The Western Comrade
dates, take it from me, a new hrand of mother is not
· the crying need of the hour. What i~ more needed
is a fair deal for the common or gard~n variety.
They must bear the race and everybody's adyj,ce.
The City Mothers have not only given a muny dance,
but they have issued, through the scho!>ls, a letter of
advice to mothers about their girls. Every reformer
who sets out to fix up the world includes advice to
mothers in his kit of tools. If it would do· the good
folks seem to think it will, the world would long ere
now have ceased from troubling and we would be going downtown and to _the beach on snowy pinions instead of being racked with the jitney bus pr.oblem.
For ever since that first indiscretion of F'Oremothe'r
Eve, followed by a tragedy-amon~ the boys, by the
way, and not the girls of her family-advice to mothers as a rrmcdy for the ills society is heir to has been
pretty well tried out. The girl problem, whiCh is still
with us in increased proportions, seems to indicat"
that they either cannot or will not act upon the advice
showered upon them free as salvation. I am inclined
to think it is the former. However excellent the qual-"
ity, the quantity would give them moral indigestion.
The City Mothers, however, seem to take a different view, for they say, "Why wantonly waste boy
and girl life 1" Mothers may ignorantly waste the life
of their young, or they may, as is generally the case,
see it wasted through stress of circumstances, but I
think there is no appreciable number of inothers who
wantonly waste it.
The letter points out that the dangers to girls have
multiplied a hundred-fold in the last twenty-fi.ve years,
owing to the fact that they .m ust be employed largely
out'lide of the home-which is more a multiplication of
working girls than of dangers, for the poor girl who
had to "hire out" always had her dangers.
. "The welfare of the girl is woman's problem,
especia_lly the mothers. The safeguarding of the
daughter lies in the first place in the mother's knowledge of danger, her conviction that her daughter does
not differ vastly from other girls, etc." \Vith that
statement, one mother wants to flatly disagree, because
it throws on her mother the responsibility which belongs equally to the father and beyond him to all.
society. Often the father has more time to look after
the girl's whereabouts than the mother; has a better
suit to go~ and knows a heap better where the places
of enticement are, but it has never occurred to anybody to expect him ·to spimd his spare time that way.
His duty is to go intP conn.iptions and pretend he wants
a gun a.fter. so,et~g. ~as nappen~d.
"Let Ma do it, •·• so says be, and so says a shirking society.
Sympathy between ·tbe mother and daughter is the
one great safeguard-that and improved social environment. I say that, and it· sounds exactly like a
safe and sane 'r eformer,· which I am not. I must spoil
it. That very symp~tby costs money. The mother
must have money for presentable clothes in which to
go out and for ieisure in wl\ich to think and train her
children-money to provide recreation for them if
they are not to depend 'on men for it.
If through poverty ~he is cut off from the social
world, how can she guide her child's feet through it?
This is a fact: Mothers seeing their girls depri~d
of the youthful pastimes to which they are entitled, in
the pity and pain of their mother hearts, allow them to
go with slightly known men because it is their only
chance for entertainment. This is not wise, but it is
mighty human and good advice will n.o t correct it.
Espionage will not protect girls. It arouses resentment and a determination to circumvent it, No
more will public paternalism or maternalism protect
them.
I am set in the belief that the only improvement in
social environment which will be basic and will not let ·
loose as many evils as it suppre~ses will come only
when all the people have enough of the world's store
to ·provide them time and means for attending properly to their own affairs, and when "the managers of
our morals will be so busy · doing their share of the
world's work that their advice will be all bottled up.
U. S. Battleship Sunk!
"R EMEMBER
the Maine!"
To arms ! To arms !
Stop ,!he press and open up, page one. Take out
the picture of the heiress, whose airdale pup swallowed grandma's pearl. Give us room according to
our strength. We've got to . make a smear on this
- story when it comes through.
Read this flash bulletin: "Battleship Maine sunk
at the Brooklyn Navy Yard!"
But hold! Here's the story: "First-class battleship Main was sunk at her moorings in a shallow basin
at the Brooklyn navy yard today. Au officer whose
duty it was to see that the torpedo tubes below the
water line were closed had been absent from his post
three days and the ship filled with. water and sank.
Au investigating board has been appointed.''
Shades of Paul Jones, Decatur, Farragut, Schley: •
. be kind to us and withhold thy ghostly mirth.-G.E.B.
�The Western Comrade
S OCIETY
11
The Municipal Hesitation
dames of Los Angeles and Chicago have assumed the task of the censorship of the morals of the danclng
portion of the proletariat. In Los Angeles .the City Mothers have taken up the censorship o~ the fox trot and the
eagle rock-which hav~ followed the grizzly bear and the bunny hug. These city mothers are providing dances and inviting the daughters ol'. the poor and sons of the rich to mingle, without regard to the fact that the junesae doree of
the city hal! papa's fast roadster or limousine at the door, and it's but a few minutes' run to ro~~odhouse or bea.ch resort.
ln Chicago _the ladles of Lake Shore Drive and Sheridan Road intrude at the municipal dance and insist on chaperoning
and . cen!!,.f1fmg. The following was written by Ed. Mcintyre of Sioux City and printed in the Union Advocate It Is a
clever s~tire and fits the California case:
:
·
1
~u'lda to Ole.
Yetta to Ignatz.
Eegnatz, in dot hesitation,
Hold mc loose-like some relationEft' dee chopei·onc gots mad
Dot veel mek me feel so bad.
Oyc 1 I got it such a feelink
Dot it makes my head go reelink
\f1·s. Pottrr Palmerstein
Vf'e] not like tlot dip of mine.
Ay· kriow all .does ladies faces.
Ay bane maid at lots ·o':places.
Ay ·skall ta~ you, Ole Bensen,
Ven de do deer Tango densen
Dee don't kaar hoe tight men hold 'emNo ·v on ever c~me to scold 'em.
Vendee go avay fro~ haar
Ve vill dense da ~izzly baar.
Fiametta to Tonio.
.Joost -a-wait-a one a-minute-a, Tonio.
DeE>s-a hug-a mt> tight-a heez-a, he no go.
I !!Otta for you-a joost-a lcet-a tipDces a-what-a you call-a ?-lame-a duck an dip
You gotta cot out-a, queC'k; you mak-a me sore,
Nobody dance-a dees-a way no more.
Hcsitaish 1 Ah, dat's-a rot'
You gotta do-a fox-a-trot
An' jump-a, pump-a, bump-a 'round da floor.
Mayme to Steve .
Listen, kid. I fm good and sore.
Say we ·beat it. off tlie floor.
These here dames from Lake Shore drive
Gets my goat. Let's do a ·dive.
If the hens stick 'round an' snoop,
Me for some place in the loop.
I can't dance Y. M. C. A.,
J,ead me to a cabaray:
New Wo.rlds to Conquer
By JOHN M. WORK
I
DON 'T know whether it is true or not but it is
reported by tradition that after young 'Alexand..e.r
the Great, in the third century before Christ, had
overcome the pirates and freebooters of the Aegean
·Sea; after he had subdued the Thracians, the Getae,
the Illyrians, the Taulantians and the The bans; after
he had reduced Asia Minor to submission; after he had
undone the Gordian Knot, to the untier of which the
fates had decreed the empire of the world; after he
had overcome
Darius
in the great battle of Issus;
I
.
after he had captured Demascus; after he had compelled Tyre to surrender and butchered its inhabitants;
after he had captured Gaza, willed all the men and
sold the women and children into sl~very; after he
h~td subjugated Egypt, founded the City of Alexandria and named it after himself; after he had conulted the oracle of Amun and been declared by it to
be the son of Jupiter; lifter he had defeated Darius at
Arbela ; after he had scared Babylon and Susa into
ubmission · after he had annihilated Ariobarzimes and
his 40,000 picked men ; after he had taken Persepolis,
the seat of the Persian E~pire, and while drunk
burned the gorgeous royal palace at the bidding of
an Athenian harlot; after •he had reduced Media to
submission by the terror of his name; after he had
hunted Darius to his death and then buried him with
great pomp in the tombs of fhe Persian kings; after
he had conquered Spitamenes, the satrap; after he
had answered Oxyartes' scornful question as to
whether the Macedonians had wings by climbing the
cliff and taking his position i after he had murdered
his. faithful general, Clitu~; . after he had subjugated
India, conquering innumerable hosts; after he had
quelled a mutiny of his soldiers by a flattering speech;
and after he had put the finishing touches on his .
ascendency by subduing the Cassees: it is reported
by tradition that he sat down, put his face in his
hands and wept because there were no more worlds
to conquer.
And, because he thought he· had run out of things
to do, this brilliant Macedonian, who, with all his inordinate vanity and ambition, was nevertheless more
�12
The Western· Comrade
hllDlbne and magnanimous than his contemporaries,
Before the masses of the people can take any ,part
resorted to dissipation, 'gorged himself at a magnificent in the exquisite pleasure and pro~ of conquering
feast, and died, at the age of 33, in the three hundred these new worlds, they mu t emancipate themselves
and twenty-third year before Christ.
from these conditions which now prevent ·SUCh parIf this tradition be true, Alexander the Great was ticipation.
a short-sighted man.
They must abolish capitali m, which bars them out
He had not even conqu_ercd himself. ·
There were greater unconquered worlds lying all
-about him than that which he .had already conquered.
Before and since his time, men have been conquer- ·
ing new worlds.
.
For example, they have reduced language to a
science.
They have evolved a literatur-e to be pr9ud of.
They have compelled. the lens- and the waves of
ether to do their bidding.
'l'hey have penetrated the secrets of the stars.
They have hypnotized ·the prehistoric rocks and
compelled them to reveal the mysteries so long withheld.
They have lighted the lamp of investigation and
banished the shadows of superstition.
They have undermined the doctrine of the divine
right of kings.
They have lashed the continents together.
They have girdled the earth with steel rails and
electJ·ic wires.
THE· BELGIANS IN LONDON
TIH•y have discovered and invented myriads of
"We
asked
you to die for us only-you ne~dn' t live
useful devices of varying degrees of delicacy from a
for us."
Slmpllcls~lmus.
watch to a piledriver.
They have conquered many other worlds.
Nevertheless, there are still untold new worlds to from these higher privileges, and introduce Socialism,
conqn rr-seicntific, philosophical, literary~ artistic, which will open up to them aJl the avenues to the
higher life.
mental, moral and ' spiritual.
Individuals here and there are attempting to conIn other words, the new economic world J?lUSt first
qu er these new worlds.
he conquered, before the.conditions wherein the other
But, the masses of the people are barred out from new worlds can be conquered, are to be obtained by
any such attempt. The masses of the people hav_e to the masses of the people.
work so hard and such long hours that they have no
The Socialist commonwe1;1.lth must be introducedtime nor vitality left for higher things. And, even the collective ownership and control of the industries.
if they had the time and vitality, they have not the
This will emancipate the working masses and give
them free access to the higher things of life.
means.
Into the Lunacy Fringe?
that Theodore Roosevelt has joined the MetroN OWpolitan
staff, we shall have to
our break~atch
overs. ·wouldn 't it be awful to catch the wrong "Con.tinued on Page 24" line and read out of the colonel's
superb diction and the matchless En.g lish right smack
into something written by a prowlingtarian of the
"lunacy fringe" Y
When Comrade T. Roosevelt and Comrade M. Hillquitt and Comrade A. Lee get in on the same page, T. R.
will do well to acknowledge himself in the "parlor
soci11iist" class he formerly has so sharply brought ~o
task.
Anyway, we welcome this new writer. to our ranks.
Once out of the murky and cobwebby pages of the ·Outlook into the clear, crisp _atmosphere of the Metropolitan, the colonel doubtless will brighten up and contribute as much to the gaiety of a dull, drab season.E. d'O.
�The Western Comrade
13
Sees Progress in Def,e at
HARRIS, formerly editor of the Fortnightly
F RANK
and Saturday Review, London, has written for
American newspapers a remarkable article in which
he boldly asserts that England's hope of progress lies
in a sharp defeat. He declares her gift to humanity is
all given-aU that can be done under the rule of capitalism-and that ultimately the powers of the world
will take the sceptre of the seas from her nerveless
hands and neutralize the waters as they must neutralize the air.
Placing his interpretation on the situation· the
writer views England and Germany as the dominant
factors in the struggle. . He.saysoc
''What Germany ought to do· at once is to conclude
peace with Russia and with France and address herself to the real conflict with England. She would have
done that already if her diplomacy had been at all
equal to her fighting power. Clearly it is now her
most pressing need. But is it possible' one will ·ask.
England has heen very clever in binding both Russia
and France in a treaty not to conclude peace sepa-
New York Herald.
" H i, Count ! I almost got Cousin Mar-y."
rately. What can Germany do to untie the allied bond 1
'' B~arck would tell her to begin with Russia.
The Czar admires the Kaiser; the Romanoff& are till
more despotic than the Hohenzollerns; in many respects too, the needs ·of Russia and the ambitions of
Russia resemble..those of Germany. . Ru sia wants to
get to Constantinople above all things, as GermMy
wants te keep Antwerp. Germany can give financial
aid to Russia almost as freely_as France has done, and
if Russia-· demands .territorial aggrandizement it would
pay Germany to · give her Galicia for the sake of an
immediate peace.
''With Russia pacified, Gerinany could deal with
France at once. She could offer to withdraw from
French soil and even concede some French communes
in Lorraine,· or els~ ovet\vhelm France and overrun the
whole country. France could not hesitate. She would
conclude peace, and ·so Germany would at length come
to hand-grips with her real enemy.
''Thanks to the greed of her landowning oligarchy,
England does not produce one-quarter enough food to
supply her own wants; this is the Achilles heel of
England.
"Face to face with England alone, Germany would
quickly build a navy, or ·at. least submarines and airships enough, to lame English commerce and send up
the price of food in Great Britain to famine prices.
But why do I assume that Germany will show more
initiative and forethought than England? · Simply because she is showing more now.
"Already, had there been any prevision or ordinary
foresight in Great Britain, her statesmen would have
established vast granaries and" filled them with American corn and American canned meats. Germany has
already taken measures to protect her food supplies,
and Germany's need in this respect is not a tenth so
pressing as England's need. But nothing will ever
teach the English oligarchy or dissipate their pleasuresodden dream of perpetual parasitical enjoyment except defeat in war. They have always 'muddled
through' somehow or other, and it is easier to go on
from day to day and from hand to mouth than to
think and by thinking avoid catastrophe and prepare
triumph. ·
"The great trinity of Asquith, Churchill, and
Kitchener may be trusted to muddle sleepily along till
they are awakened by a sudden terrifying rise in the
price of bread and by the growl of. revolt from the East
End, hunger supplying courage. One--', hird of England's population is always on the verge of starvation,
as Booth proved ; this is England's desperate weakness.
�The Western Comrade
14
Half a dozen bread-ships captur.ed by the Germans or
sunk by their submarines, and England would have to
pay at once for the callous selfishness of her rich, the
corruption of her judiciary, the inhuman shortsight~d
ness of her politicians. There would either be a soeial revolution in England or !!he would accept defeat,
II
chance of union with her colonies on a democratic basis
and a new lease of life as a confederation of sister
states.'
"It would be easy for England to put her house
in order without the sharp compulsion of defeat and
necessity; but I am convinced there is no hope of it.
Those who · think so don't know England, the numberless warnings she has haq· and the adder ears she turns
to every suggestioJ;t· of r~ght and justice or even of
enlightened ·self-interest... · ·
~' Prophets ·have· been sent to her, such as Carlyle
and Ruskin; but England does not even listen to their
jeremiads ; again and.. again, as in the South African
War, she has ·only managed, to escape defeat at an
overwhelming cost; but still . s-he won't stop even to
think. She alienated Germany by her unprovoked attack on the Boers, and France in order to grab Egypt,
_.
·-r--
.
j!
i'
Numero, Turin.
A New Form of Paving for the French and Belgian Cities
hand Germany her sea scepter, and sink to the level of
another Holland. Her oligarchy- her Roseberys and
Sutherlands, her Manchesters, Rutlands, Norfolks, and
Bedfords-might in their hearts prefer this latter alternative; but the English people are a proud and
struggle-loving people; once 'up' against it,' they may
be trusted to get rid of their snobbishness, make short
work of the\r parasite masters, and get down to
business.
''The one hope of progress in England is sharp defeat in war. Everyone who loves England l hopld pray
for a bitter lesson. More than a hundred years ago
now To~ Paine declared that nothing would civilize
England till the blood of her children had been shed
on their own hearths. It will take a defeat in war to
- wrest the land of England from the lords who stole it
and give it back to the people.
. Defeat would
turn England into 'a modern state and give her a
·
Punch, London.
Imperial Dachshund: "Here I've been sitting up and
doing tricks and you take no more notice of me
than if-"
Uncle Sam: "Cut it out!"
and Egypt is plainly a source of weakness to her today and not of strength, and South Africa she had to
restore to the Boers, though the silly war had cost her
a thousand millions of pounds. At length she has a
real enemy and, will have to fight for her lordship of the
seas and her vast unused oversea possessions."
�The Western Comrade
15
Out to Sea
By A . .F. GANNON
SLIPPED from her moorings at some sheltered quay,
So trim of line and straight of slender spar,
I saw her drift across the white-capped bar,
And out to the inclement, wind-swept sea..
HE Sweetest Woman was in· -a con~ro
versial mood. As we left the public
library and turned uptown toward Central Park, in the early morning Los
Angeles sunshine, she contended:
"But, dear, Emerson DID love the
mass.''
"Not like the Good Gray Poet," I
opined-not without intent.
"Poet!" she pouted, "poof!"
I had touched a tender spot. The lyrical Tennyson
was her ideal of a poet, and his mystical "Memoriam"
and "Two Voices" were to her the last word in poetry.
''Yes, indeed, a true poet!'' I fervently and futilely insisted; for this was not the first time that the
S. \\". and I had argued as to the status of the wondrous Walt~
"Emerson knew," I continued, "but Whitman felt,
and shook his fist at injustice, stupidity and conventionalism, rising to heights that your intellectual aristocrat, Emerson, never topped.''
We had r eached the trim little square, in all its
geometrical grandeur, and crossed diagonally toward
t.h c Fifth and Olive streets corner, which was reserved
for women and children with their escorts.
Seated here on one of the green slat benches that
edged the broad briek walk, the S. W. turned to her
hook, "The Conduct of Life," and I to mine.
"A WOMAN'S BODY AT AUCTION! I HELP
THE · AUCTIONEE~THE SIJOVEN DOES NOT
HALF KNOW HIS BUS-INESS. GENTLEMEN,
LOOK ON THIS WONDER! WHATEVER THE
BIDS OF THE BIDDERS, THEY CANNOT BE HIGH
RNOUGH FOR IT. EXAMINE THE LIMBS, THEY
ARE SO CUNNING IN TENDON AND NERVE;
THEY SHALL BE STRIPPED THAT YOU MAY SEE
THEM.''
I felt a soft, solicitous hand on my shoulder, and a
tremulous voice was saying:
"Bobbie, dear, don't look JUST now, but I think
that girl is ill or in trouble and wants to spe_a k to me.
She has SUCH a look in her eyes."
I knew from her use of th~ diminutive that she was
deeply concerned, so with an assumption of nonchalance I looked up from my book and after sweeping
the park with a glance let it rest on the young girl ·
who occupied the bench almost directly across the
brick paved way.
She was probab-ly twenty years of age, ~d was
dressed in a cheap_· gray. and not ove~ly well-fitting
suit, with a· broad darJt liat: upon which bobbed a black
plume. She was undeniably pretty, but at the moment
my glance surprised her there ·wl)_s a driven look in the
stare fixed upon my ~ompanion that with the pallor of
her fMe detracted 'much from her comeliness. Her
eyes fell and she fumbled at the little black reticule
in her lap as a modish ·young fellow with clean-shaven
though somewhat pasty cheeks sat down beside her.
Evidently park r~les had no terrors for him and
common courtesy was .not' on his calling list, for he .
was no sooner· seated than he drew an elaborate case
from an inner coat pocket and yielded himself to the
solace of a cigarette. .
"What a nerv~n whispered the S. W .
I concurred.
"He ;11 be speaking to her next- he IS!" she indignantly concluded, imder her breath.
A little gust had blown the smoke from his cigarette
across the girl's face and forced her to cough slightly.
In an instant he had removed his hat, thrown away the offending eigarette and was apologizing profusely for
his obviously premeditated act. The girl, after nervously r eplying with a frightened half-smile· that it
didn't matter, edged away toward the farther end of
the seat; but my gay lothario, placing a proper value
upon the virtue of perseverance, managed soon to in.
gratiate himself into the girl's fltvor until in the end
an intermittent conversation was in swing.
· I could see that S. W . 's interest in the affair began to
wane rapidly at this point, and that ·her opinion of the
girl had undergone a sudden metamorphosis-she applied herself to her Emerson in determination.
"SEJ\: CONTAINS ALJ..J, BODIES, SOULS, MEANINGS, PROOFS, PURITIES, DELICACIES, PROMULGATIONS, SONGS, COMMA~DS, HEALTH, PRIDEAIJL HOPES, BENEFACTIONS, BESTOWALSLOVERS' BEAUTIES, DELIGHTS OF EARTH, ALL
GOVERNMENTS, JUDGES, GODS--"
The voice of the girl broke in upon my reflections:
"And papa said: 'If you DO go to Los Angeles,
don't send to me when you're broke'."
I looked up. The girl's chee~s were flaming and
the youth was talking to her in a low voice.
She opened her reticule and dropped into it a white
(Continued on page 29)
�The Western Comrade
II
Colonists Clear and P
•
Great Activity Shown tn
All Dep
"&::::=:::=:::!!i!::,:O. BOUT 60,000 ricw members have -been
added to the Llano del Rio Co-operative
Colony sine(• last month. Of these 55,000
or mor·e an· in the fry stage. Later they
wi 11 lH' fingerlings and still ~ater they
will he fully rreogniz!ihle as m-embers of
the family salmo irridPus, heautiful rainbow trout.
Thrn tlwrP arc se\'cral hundred white leghornspullrts and hPns. ThrrP ar<' spveral hundred rabbits
(if this is an o\·rr-rstimatr, the rabbits will doubtless
make good in a hrirf space ) , and other animals and
fowls ar!' arr-iving with and without pr·evious notice.
As for the human mrmhership, that is also increasinv with ~atisfa<:tory sp!'cd. The gr<'atest activity has
prevai led during the past fpw weeks, owing to the
n!•t·!'ssi ty for rushing the spring r rops, getting the irrigation systPm in good order and preparing the land
for planting.
Tht• btl'!!(' (•l(·aring t·r·pw has !·ompleted work on
thP ](j() a.-rt·s known as the Gooclwin place and anumhPr of tlrP nwn hav!' bern transferred from this work
A
Llano Girls Have Several Basketball Teams
to tlw itTig11tjon depal'tmrnt, where they are runnmg
new latel'al<> and irrigatin g.
In thr hol'tir ultunll th•partmcnt eleven thousand
gr·ape cuttin gs have hren planted, .nnd seed beds have
been completed for seedlings and these have all been
planted. Dnring the past week 4500 trees were placed
in nnrsery rows. It is expected that by next spring
D. J. Wilson (at wheel), manager of Commerce De partment, and W. S. Anderson, ranch superintendent.
The machine is known as the Llano Lizzie. It has the
record between Los Angeles and the colony-three
hours and twenty-five minutes.
many thousand additional trees will be added to these.
In the garden department, they are working several teams and half dozen men. Six acres have qeen
planted in potatoes and all of the seed for the lettuce,
radishes, onions, beets, carrots, parsnips and ·peas are
in the ground. Hot beds have been completed and
sweet potatoes planted. Head Gardener P. A. Knobbs
reports excellent progress and is irrigating the land
in his division.
D. C. Copley, who is in charge of the poultry departmPnt, has taken over all of the geese·, ducks, turl<Pps and chichns and added to them to something
O\'Pr six hundr·ed chickens which he took into the colony. He has two large modern poultry houses and has
his division in excellent condition. He is making preparation to rrrrive one thousand additional chicks in
his division, on April 7.
The fish hatchery is shaping up in a satisfactory
manner, under· th(' supervision of L. A. Zachritz, who
reports little loss in tht' hatching. Two new troughs
have !wen rompleted and David Kennedy and Pete
Schindler have completed trout pond No. 1, which is
80x 120. Thomas Robinson, formerly of the Canadian
fisheries, has charge of the fish hatchery and according
to reports he h as made it has the potentiality of one
of the greatest hatcheries on the Pacific Coast.
�The W estern C omr a de
17
nt Community Lands
ments of Co-operative ·E nterprise
Superintendent W. S. Anderson reports good Pf gress in all deparhfllents, both as to live stock and a_g riculture.
Under the new constitution a community commission has been formed composed of nine mem.bers. This
makes the organization o~ the Llano del Rio Colony
as follows: Board of directors, composed of nine members; community comnilission, composed of nine members; a tribunate of 1hree; two censors (this is a sort
of board of survey ) and two advocates. The general
assembly elects all of these officials except the dirP.ctorate, which is elected by the stockholders of the
company.
Under this arrangement, the community commission, which meets in general counsel with the directorate once a month, has charge of affairs of the colony,
but does not enter into the business management of
the general offices which are handled by the directors.
The new plan is working well and will work smoother
as soon as all parties understand the new method.
The directoratr is composed of Job Harriman,
prrsident; G. P. l\TcCork1c, secretary, a11d l\Iessrs.
Wilson, Cooke, Engle, Snell, Anderson, l\fcMahon aud
\Volfe. The community commission is organized as
An Idea l Jersey of t he Ll a no del R io Colony Herd
follows: J. A. Cokely, chairman; E. E. Glass, secretary
and Messrs. Stanley, Richardson, Valla, Spencer, Harper, Heffner and Kiimer. The censors are . Messrs.
Boel,en and Groves. The advocates are F. F. Schmidt
and Ray Keough. Th·e chairman of the general as-•
sembly is J. A. Stewart and H. A. · Wille is the secretary. The tribunate is compo1>ed of Horace Farmer ,
The "Grandstand"-Group of Colonists Who Were Spectators at a Baseball Game.
�18
The Western Comrade
ehainnan, Geo'l'ge Bees1lmrd; seere:ta!y, and Messrs.
Knobbs, Page and Dawson.
T:he :new working phm divides colony management
and activities: into six departments-agricultmre, .b uilding and engineering, comme~ce, industry, education
and finance. These departments are divided into divisions. Each department has a manager and each division ·a foreman. The head of the agricultural department acts as general superintendent. · in the agricultural department, Superintendent W. S. Anderson
has charge. The divisions ·under this department and
the foreman are as follows: Gardening, Knobbs; horticulture, Dawson; irrigation, Harper; dairy, Mathewson; poultry, Copley; hogs, Gustooberg; rabbits, ·Kilmer; apiary, Burdick; horses and teaming, Cokely.
Building and engineeTing,. Messrs Cooke ~d Glass.
The former is chief architect an·d the latter chief engineer; carpentry, Reeslund; m.lllwork, Heffner; masonry, Cedarstrom; plumbing, Ruff.
The department of commerce is under the charge
of D. J . Wilson, who is the purchasing agent.
.
The industrial department is under the charge of
J. L. Staniey; blacksmithing, Taylor; repairing, Wille
and Hermance; tractor, Farmer; auto-transportation,
Spencer, Miller.
In the educational department, Miss Helen Tyler
and Miss Elinor Richards have charge of the school
and Prudence Stokes Brown will soon be added to the
teuching Rtaff. There will be a reorganization and en•largement of this department arid it will take in the
night schools, lectures and other extension features.
At a recent meeting of the general ass·embly, the
following standing committees were selected: Reception, Mrs. Biles, Mrs. Richardson, Mrs. McMahon, Mrs.
Landon and George Milligan; amusement, Ray Keough,
Miss Cassady and Mrs. Cederstrom; fire department,
Messrs. Earl Glass, Frank Ruff and Bert Kenney; ath-
Earl E. Glass, Chief Engineer, Llano d.el Rio Colony
letics, Kate Heffner, H. Farmer and W. S. Anderson;
children's welfare, Miss Tyler, Mrs. Earle, Heffner,
Page and Taylor; sanitary department, Messrs. Har'per, Moss and Mrs. Groves.
Miss Kate Heffner has proven popular as chairman
of the athletic committee, and George T. Collins, auditor of the company, has been appointed athletic coach
and he will drill and instruct t11e young people in outdoor games.
Need of New Brains
By MORRISON I. SWIFT
A
MAP of the brain such as I am making, is given
in lieu of the microscope or chemical photograph
which we cannot have because our agencies are not
tine enough. A drawing of the signs must . answer.
These signs are what men do, and what they needlessly
tolerate; they are the social conditions we iive in without social vomiting. If a man can live contentedly in
a sewer we know his nature, and if a race can live
without vomiting and reb.ellion in a social sewer, we
know what its brain constitution is.
Now I affirm that we Americans live without retching or rebellion in a social sewer-in a society as vile
to a right brain as a physical cesspool is to right senses.
IS THIS S01
If it is so, we certainly need a new type of brain
and will use any means o'ffered by heaven to get it.
The sewer resident would, if he learned how to see
and smell.
To educate these organs in the sewer man is the
problem. To educate the brain organs of seeing, smel]..
ing, hearing and feeling in ourselves, is the problem
for us who dwell without loathing and rebellion in the
social sewer. A true map of the sewer will do this,
And so I give the facts of life about us as proofs of ou.r
ligatured, underformed brain faculties, not to ridicule
that brain,. but that we may correct it.
�--
The Wester
Co
rade
of the proposed city of Llano
designed by Leonard A. Cooke, chief architect of the Llano del
T HIRiomap
colony. The present settlement is on the main highway, just to the 16ft of the civic center circle. The
~as
offi e building now tands just above the letter A on the map. The first permanent houses, according to plans,
will b r cted in the ection at the upper .center in the map. The first permanent school building will be at
th right of the letter B upper part of the map. The seco)ld section to be built up, acc.ording to plans, will
b that in the upper right portion of the map. This will not be begun until the first section has been all taken.
'fh black mith and machine shop i now located at the point near E in the left center part of tbe map. All the
br nd tr ets will be lined with ornamental shade trees and in the narrower streets will be pergolas and vines.
�20
The Western Comrade
·O pen u ·nder
ew
anageme t
By FRANK H. WARE
tony! Gambetti! Hamlicar l Garibaldi I · WallenIn
tein! . I call upon thee to remove this disobedient
- ~- . . center, massive gates marked '"'18-karat.
\
From Tiffany." From wi~can be chronicler !
herman1 as an honorable soldier from
heard a great choir singing Handel's America, and t~erefore neutral, I call upan thee to
"Hallelujah Chorus." Slowly the heavy replace Cromwell.
.
gates swing inward. In center on
(Hanni~al, Tamei-lane, her:man, etc., all bow and
throne sits J-ehovah. Surrol!lldiug him "exit.)
is tbe large choir, among whom are
Bism~rck-,-(to Caesar)-God is right.
many great celebrities and warriors of thQ ages: To
Caesar-Alas,. yes, Bismarck! As our friend Mark
the right of the throne is Bismarck, carefully balanc- Hanna once remarked·, "The Almighty has a corner on
_
ing a halo on his head. On the left stands Moses. right."
Others lounging about · the foot of the throne are
Jehovah-Nibbin., thou art the best angel in heaven.
Caesar, Hannibal, 'l'amerlanc, · :r\apoleon, Sherman, On earth thou waxe-d fat on mis ionaries until conMark Antooy, King Arthur, Gambetti, Hamlicar, verted; in.- h.eav~n thou
art content and satisfied. True,
.
Garibaldi, Wallenstein awl Nihhin, the latter a con- thou art ignoran~ and do not understand.
vrrted cannibal from the South Seas.
Nibbin-(looking into the face of Jehovah and grin(As music ceasrs, a messenger enters flying _and ning)-Etaoin shrdlu Npskl qrbltnd brrbldnpt!
cleverly volplanes to landing in front of throne, folds
King Arthur---:-( aside ·to Napoleon) - By _my word,
his wings and kneels.)
Napoleon, as allies we should protest.
.Jehovah-Speak, thou feathered courier. What
N~poleon-(shaking his head slowly)-! fear a
now?
breach in heaven, Arthur, which will wind up worse .
Messcnger-( rises )-Almighty! A long prayer is than Waterloo. Let us take a short stroll. Perhaps
sent up from every German church.
we may gather suggestions. (Both exit.)
.Jehovah- Well?
(Enter messenger, hurriedly in hasty volplane .
Messenger-(bows)-A prayer written by the Bows.)
Kaiser.
Messenger-Almighty! More news from the front!
Jehovah- (int erested)-And what doth the prayer
Jehovah-Proceed.
say?
Messenger-A report comes directly from PetroMessenger-That thou art on his side and that thou grad that the Russians have the Germans at their
wilt aid him in defeating the enemy.
mercy. They have captured Pr-Pr-Prz-(Aside:
Jchovah- (smiling)-Verily, he speaketh with Fires of Hell! I can't pronounce it.) They have taken
Premizzizzle.
•
knowing voice.
Messenger-But, 0 Lord (bows) Thou dost not unJehovah-(rising)-Yes 1
derstand what ruction it hath caused in heaven.
Messenger-Another prayer has come from the
Jehovuh- (angr;ly)-Who interferes with a Lord's Germans requesting your aid in ·defeating these Rusprayer?
sians.
Messenger-The chronicler of prayers, 0 Lord. He
Bismarck-(excitedly )-By heaven! It is just as I
said it would be-some day all 'feu ton or all Slav I ·
refuses to list and file tt.
J ehovah-(rising in wrath)-Who is this chroniJehovah-Bismarck! Thou ar.t not completely loyall
1
Remove thy presence until thou hast repented. Then
cler!
Messenger-( frightened-)An Engli!'lliman. His return and salute me. PERHAPS I may forgive f
name is Cromwell-Oliver Cromwell.
(Exit Mismarck, dejectedly. )
Jehovah-·what right hath he to refuse"this prayer?
1\[oses.:.......Almighty Father, Thy wisdom knows no
Messenger- On the grounds that England is also a ending.
Chri tian nation and that thou art on their side; there(Another messenger hurriedly flies in. Bows.)
fore, according to trict English censorship, ·h e cannot
Messenger-Great Jehovah, two prayers have arcatalog this prayer.
rived at the same time.
Jehovah-1\fy worthy ubjects, according to the
Jehovah-W ell1
law of Moses, Cromwell shall be assigned to the warm:\[essenger-One is from the Russians begging you
est spot in hell! Hannibal! Tamerlane! Mark An- to-
r.l=:\==:!!!!tftl!!!!!!!!n!!!!!:tl GENE, Heaven, from the exterior.
..
�The
.iJehovcah-CeDS.or lit J Come, ~ otlher tne ~
m
whomT
.M,e.ssell!ger-!P'r om tihe K:aisff lhimsellf.
J.ehovtah-WelH
!hat doo.s it ay1
'M essenger-It tells of a1llotb£r German defeat · al
Co
rade
o ;ab---'(mus:i:n,gibr )at .a at' glb:~ l
( Tmm to
5n, wlho i
· 'gingb
ide e 1tl:inine.) Ni biln, lfeteh M es 'el'e-&n:d
in, e.e that he doth lhaslienl (Exit 11bbin.)
(Entler Caesar.)
tlw hands of the Russians----and.J hov.ah-Come., · Cusar:
t n
f
Jehovah- And wbat1 (An,grily )-Why do.s tbDll
esar-<{lbo · )-Father, I have h wd of o e,
tremble ~ Qome, wh.at .e~&e does it :&ay t
but there i none.
M~enger-( timidly )-lt---it -itJehovah-Verily, , QU ~k t in riddt.e , Ca U
Jeho vah- (impatiently )-lt WHAT 1
Cal ar-Almig ty, I ~ve had a &arful dream.
.Messenger- (frightened )-lt says that you are not
J.ehovah-What f · Th~u, too 'T
doing your duty--and- tmd that if there is not a comCaesar-( lltakin.-. head)-Ala y ! · d.r
of
plete German Yietory \\'ithin the next two day.s he is mystery that 'bol& a hidden me age.
eoming here t o find out why !
Jehovah-Calm thY: el£, Ca ar. Nib bin hath gone
JehoYah-(aghast ) - :\'ilhelm coming ?
to fetch Mo es and dream of thine and mine hall be
Messenger- ( bowing)- Yes, Almighty!
interpreted.
Jehovah-( turning hurriedly to .chorus)-My ceCaesar-(dubiously) 7 I hope it i not for the worst.
lestial choir, break forth in song! For two days sing (Enter Nibbin, followed by Mo e.. ) Ah! They are
in German e\·erything from "Der Wacht am Rhein" to here! (They bo:w before th"ooe. )
•· IIoeh du Lie her· Augustine! '' And if one dar.es to
Jehovah-(graeiou. ly ) ~ io es my worthy prophet
fl'f.; t or low er· his voice, let him be consigned to the
and interpreter, listen tt> my dream. (Con iderable
most supt>rhl'at<·d zone in hell!
disturbance as ev ryone .gatliers about throne.) Last
(('horus siu[!s.)
night I saw a tree, a .venerable oak, drop an acorn to
(Curtain. )
the ground. No sooner had it struck than forthwith
sprang another tree which did grow with such 'rapidity
:-;l'C'Ill' 11 snme as Srcne J. Two
that it soon outstripped. all others. Then from its
days lntl•r .
hranches did reach out limbs, gnarled a.nd grotesq1;1e,
. ( Entc•r· ,Jehovah, ruhbing his head.
spreading in all directions; touching here and there
Uot•s t.o thr·Oill' and sits.)
the earth and clinging with a firmness, then reaching
out again. Then, as by magic, aJl vegetation vanished
from the earth and in its place did stretch this tree
until its branches touched.
(All shake their heads in wonderment.)
Caesar-0, worthy Moses, I , too, had a dream.
Instead of oak, my tree was weeping willow, and down ·
its limhs rolled huge salt tears and' splashed upon' the
gr·ound in pools of blood. And, like the oak, this
tree reached out and covered all the earth.
Moses-(shakes his head dubiously)-A great ca·
!ami tv is near!
(All shudder save Nibbin, who does not understand the ·situation.)
Nihbin-Blskdffrno- (jumps to his feet and points
to left )- Vnnfgrd! Rpn Jqpruh chr~dglkh qprtkdlgbx
znznznzn ! ! Brdlf! ! !
Jehovah- This heast which talks the language of
a devil ! ~hat ftoth he say 1
C1,1.~-llie a whirlwind doth a messenge-r ap·
proach n ! (All stare to left.)
Moses-He doth exceed the limits of speed allowed
by the laws of Heaven!
PasquJno, Turin.
-Aiml9hty: "What are your maj;es.ty's orders for tonight?"
Jehovah-Back ! Clear a space for him to land I
Wlll!lelm 11.: ••An earthquake for the neutral coun.t rte.."
(Enter messenger. Hastily loops a loop and set·
Thl• r~markabl)' p~oph.etlc cartoon. was published Nov. 1, In
l'taiY
The &all"thqu,a.ke which arrived: a fe.w weeks later took a
.tles
before tbrone.)
toll ot 50,00Q llvu,
JJ
~J
�le
eat r• C oar
elhnl!lb.-..U:DJ.I flk!
er-(breathf.els)
prayiug !-ftee.ing!-Bussians-teken Kol~dm:Jrg
Jebovah-(ainlring back on tlmme>-;--:
Gods•
powen are these that thus tlnrazt me!
Me8Sellger-Bhudda !-Shinto !:-and Mohammed!
(Enter Napoleon, King Artbnr and Bismark, quarreling.)
Jehovah-Silence! Fools!
Napoleon-(advancing to throne, speaks in defiance)-Almighty : Arthur ~nd I protest ~gainst thy
partiality !
Jehovah-(fiercely )-Away from my: presence!
Hasten or I 'II send thee both to !J-ell ! Thy squall is
hut a cricket's chirp to 'that which I feel coming!
(Exit King Arthur and Napoleon.)
(Enter another messenger. Rushes to feet of Jehovah. Kneels.)
,Jehovah-(excitedly )-What now !. Come- speak !
Messenger- ( frightened)-Wilhelm is coming!
Jehovah-(turning to Caesar)-Caesarl To the
outer portals and bar them. fast ! Quick! Ere he beMessenger-( tearfully and quaking)-It is too
.late! He iR within the Kingdom of Heaven!!
ring on
tarful
ilhebn.)
Jehovah-(
Enter
to
Wllb~op!
(AdYalle.
You ere , to make m Em:
failed! Qod. l trUsted ou!
· Jehovah-Ah, Wilbebit! H thou eould but und~r
tand what obstacles prevented me.Wilbelm-:.Enou,..b ! Get off that throne !
Jehovah-(slowly de eending)ilhelm l Th u
cans'tWilhelm-(Ascending to tin n ) - il n
script you to my guards of h 111 (Turn to
ee .that he . get there! (Eri J hovah and a sar.
Wilheim sits on tl!rone.)- Henceforth I hall b'
dI
Grlmd Chor~s and . Choir- ilhelm I d r
ut chu
Kaiser, er lebe' hoch, hoch, hocb I
Wilhelm-(suddenly jumping to hi fe t)- y H nvens! As God, I now declare war on all Nirvana and
heavens in the Universe!
( urtain)
Patriotism
IT
.sa~d
wo~kingmen
that the Soc'ialJt
are not
because they do not rise and stand attentively when a third-rate band plays •J The StarSpangled Banner!' or a lot
'ham actors" draw
swords and salute the flag. Perhaps not.
However, before we can discuss the subject of
patriotism intelligently, we should agree on some definition of the terms.
The common dictionary defines patriotism as •• love
of one's country." .
Many workingmen have no country.
Most of them do not own a foot of the country in
whi h they live. What special inducement have they
to lov a country \Vhich they cannot hope to own'
W~
hould they take up arms and play the part of
th soldi rt Why hould they blow the heads of other
~ rk r to ' kingdom come" or splatter their blood
gain t a wall or cau it to flow d.own some hillside
into a . tr~'am and onward to an endless seaT
om of them have only a boa.r~g house to fight
f r, bile.- others live in rented houses they will never
abl to own. 'Phey are allowed to remain under
lter on):; ns long ns they will eonsent to serve anther and do his bidding at all time
Th rei but littl incentive for the average workis
p~trwtlc
~
By W. A. JACOBS
ingman to love the cQuntry in which he liv .
nd
yet the American Socialist wor~ingmcn love tbi
country ·better than do the people who own it.
Many of tlie owners do not live in this country.
They live in Europe, spending their ummer in the
mountains or at the seaside and their winter in the
cities. When the hot sUm.mer days come the own rs .
climb the mountains of Switzerland while the work r
climb the treadmill of capitalism. The owner win
fish in the cool brooks of · the Alps, while ab ut th
best the workers can do is to go out to some muddy
stream, sit in the hot sun all day and possibly catch
a few bullheads.
The owners love this . country only because th 1
are able to exploit the wprkers who dwell here.
After all, if love of country means patriotism, th il
the Socialist workingmen are tme patriots. They lov
the- country so well that they want to own it. And
feeling the kinship of the ra.ee, are anxio111 to have 11
other workingmen own it with them. And ladly do
they welcome all people into the working clau.
Then awake, you sleepers I Get out of your tl'ance !
Stndy Socialism and join the movement whieh will
make the world the property of all the people. Then
all will have an inducement to be patriotie.
�'
·~
The Western ComTade
Socialism Ine _itable
By JOB HARRIMA
ERCA.NTILE and indllRtrial enterprises
of the world are now, and always have
been, conducted 011 the theory that
"competition is the life of trade." · ·
Competition is so engrained in men's
mi~ds t~at everyone has become his
ne1ghbor s enemy. There is no act,
however vile, that will not find its champion if only it offers a pecuniary advantage. The
churches are deeaying with hypocrisy; the courts are
rotting with perjury: the "business lie" hangs like a .
pall over the <'ommercial world; honor and conscience
havi• h(•(•JJ i·ru('ified: "success" has become the standard of morals and conduct; all for the money there·
is in it. Whoever controls the business and industrial
undertal<ings, '"hether local or general, commands at
the same time all those who are dependent upon those
undertakings.
Not only is there a conflict of interest between
rintlo;; in simiiHr enterprises, but also between those in
control ancl their employes and also a conflict between
the employes themselves as they struggle for the better positions Hnd the best pay.
Thus it is thHt a world-wide. war rages in all classes
for economic advantages. The more powerful competitors have formed commercial, industrial and financial combinations, some of which control hundreds and
millions of dollars and thousands of men who are dependant upon them. These gigantic interests, octopuslike, rcaC'h from every great industrial center to the
uttermost ends of the earth. Battling as they are in
the industrial,. commercial, and financial ~.elds, yet they
form a solid political combination within each natibn
by means of which they are able to· send a sufficient
number of emissaries to control the state and national
legislatures while they themselves or their attorneys
sit as counsels of state.
Though hypocrisy and fraud and villany and deceit everywhere appear and play their part in the
business world, yet at the same time there has developed such efficiency in production that every powerful
nation produces Yast quantities of products over and
abo,·c its consuming power. A market must be found
for this surplus or heaYy losses will be sustained. .A.
fnihll'<' to find a market i a failure in the every purpose ·
of the struggle. The constant increasing surplus
causes-an ever persistent urge in every powerful nation
to extend their colonie and develop their markets and
to capture the customers of other nations.
Each nation having become a world eom:merci.al
power is, by its own lll'plus. forced into the e.fiort to
become a world t:rnst. T~ere i . no po.int. short of a
world trust wbieh the tru t. magna~es of any nation can ,
top. But the world mar~et are· exhausted. The ends
of the earth have ·been reached. With the machinery
of government in tl.teir band , shielded by the laws of
their own making, in full ~o'inmand of the army and
tqndon Dally Mall.
Wonder-s of Science•
navy the captains of industry, of commerce and finance,
with apparently unlimited resources, can by conscription if necessary, raise millions of men to shed their
bJood not only in their native ' land but on the high
seas and in the lands beyOnd, wherever the arms of
the octopus may reach.
Thus they take by force of arms what they are
unable to take in the marts of the business world.
Thus it is that the war in Europe, the world cataclysm,
is forced upon us. The universal conflict of interests
among the people of every nation bas given ·rise to this
world conflict in which the armed powers are at war.
The nations are bleeding in a sacrifice on the altar of
greed · of personal ambition and cupidity. The in-
'
�The We teT11! Comrade
oentive, the motive of eMh BID:d every eounby • t.fte
same. Some persdfis ray the blame on. Ge~, otb.etrs
on England and still otheJrS on Russia. Haeh nation
has it~ pec:l!l\liar eharacteri ties and race ·temdencies
which are developed as :naturally by irts. environment
8.8 are the characters of meu.
. SnrTounded by the allies, her financia], commercial
and industria) enemies, Germany dev~loped her navy,
her forts, her siege guns, her aerial war equipment,
her wonderful military machines and her still more
wonderful military spirits, as naturally as.the porcupine developes its quills or the swordfish_ it deadly
~~~
~
National drfen<~e, military conquests and commercial power was the hurden of her song and the strength
of her hppc. ~either she nor her people are less guilty
or more responsible than the other belligerents for tht>
brutal slaughter of the war.
Man in C\'Pry country who enters tlie struggle for
money alone, who endeavors to get rich by expropriating his frllows is equally guilty. His pray:ers will
avail him nothing. The blood of Cain is upon him.
Th e hlood of the nohlest sons of the world are upon
his door lrnt les. Yet the war goes relentlessly on,
devouring like a fet·oeious demon its human gorge and
thr foorl supplirs of the nations.
Thr suprrior rffic:irney of Germany is pitted against
the vastly sup~-rio.r c0~ oi th& 81Ui~ I de
the vital issue o1 the war has :re olrvedl 1t lf \llltO .t ·&
question ol the commisS81:ry, Gel"lltany e:x:c&~ both in
the effieieney Q£' he:r mmtary machine and the pro..
d'uetioo of org81.Di2zation. But the allies exee) in their
va t re rve commissary,
As. the commissary shrinks the erisis looms up,.
Each is endeavoring to shut off the ofher's upplie .
Pll'Obably this iS: tbe first great war when the eommi ry heeame ·fhe vital que tion with aU the belligerE"nt . Woe unto them when the upplie a:re ~x
hau ted! ·w here will the ·army be in tho e day T Who
will fE>ed the 'hungry mob Y What power can rE-sist
the tidal wave of starv~ng men ?
Yet all i not· without hopE>. Humanity will h•1n·n
it I!' on. The . are the birth pains of a new oivilization. Competition ha run it course. 1t has ht>t•u
weighed in .the hall\nce and found wanting.
Out . of the 'truggle an international congress will
arise . . Acting it;~. concert with the legislative bodies of
each nation they will lay the foundation of a new c,iYilization 1n ·a commu.n ity of interests in all produrtive
propet·ty. . The philo ophy of collectivism is the synthetie philosophy that has arisen out of tl is blighting
rommercial system. lt is the only philosophy that offers a hope to the world. Individualism is dying out.
Socialism is being ·bQrn.
Great Battle-Great Flap·d oodle
A
'
N<l:J.'II ER glo~iuus sea victory! The newspaper
headlines wrrr one smear of gory read when the
Dresd<•n was sunk. They played up a lurid word picture of a gall ant nmning fight wherein the Germans
replied shot for shot and shell for shell. At last, overwhelmed hy force of numhers, the German commatidcr
surrendered to the F!nglish admiral and the prisoners
and fifteen wounded wrre transferr ed to the conquering ships. The hand p layrd "Brittannia Rules thr
\ Vavr.s" and pat>ons of joy went up over the glorious
virtory, whirh proved that God was again on thr siJ<>
of right.
'I'hu. thr hrrviary of th<> daily pre. s. But what is
thr truth?
'l'hr Dresdrn was sunk while crippled and without
furl and whil~ :mrhored in neutral '~aters.
Almost no rc. istanee was offered and the ship never
!rOt up stNlm 'm- slipped her rahles: She went down
with h<'r anchor on .the hottom, about a quarter of a
mile from shore.
The Dre drn was a eomparatively mall cruiser,
with nothing larg~r than four-inch guns. British <'misers Kent, Glasgow and. Or:ama eni:Jered Cumberl1md Ray
and opened fire on the Dresden at close range. Throe
Germans were killed and fifteen wounded. The German commander ran up a parliamentary flag _and sent
a launrh to protest agaillSt being attacked in neutral
"·atet·s. He was told that orders were to sinlc the Dresden whrrr fo1:1nd and let the diplomats arrange matters
lat<>r·. The Britain<; said they would sink the Dresden
then and there unless the Germans did it themselves.
Thr German commander tl11•n sent his crew ashore and
hlrw up his ship.
Amrritllll n~vspape rs wt>re t>ither victimized or thry
\n•r·t• pat·tiE>s to as rank a fake as has heen perpetrated
siJH·P tht• ht•ginning of the war.
,The whole story was <>oneoeted at the cable Rtatiou
and _tlished out for the delectation of ~ritisher , who
W<'J'(> finan('ing the war.
lt was a piece of ehe.ap elaptrap and elmwly parallelR the story of the sinking of
the Emden.
Ont> ft'ature of the·" hattie " neglected by the cable
wa. th<' killing of a "·oman aud child af!hore. wbo got
in the way of a British Rhell, and tl1e battering of hipping i11 the harbor. Great hattlef Great vietoryT
Cre:d tlapdoodle !-G. E . B.
�The Western Comrade
Who Are the · Best\ Slaves?
By HOMER CONSTANTINE
the
I Nworkmg womenonof CahfornHl of 18by 23,000
years of age
RE~ORTING
wage~ rec~ived
o~
and over, the Industrial W elfare Commission has
brought out some interesting facts that may be used
as official and conservative statements. ·First fix in your mind the fact the commission
states that the cost of living for a self-supporting
woman is $9.21 per week.
Of the adult women workers in all lines there are
56 per cent who receive Jess than $9 per week. This
puts them 21 cents below the living line-into the subsistence class.
Of the minors .f 1.8 are paid less than $6 per week
and almost half the entire number receive between $5
and $6.99 per week.
Sacrament~ ma~.~s the most disgraceful showing.
There, in. the s!tad6w of the stately capital' dome, _92.5
receive. under '$9 a W,l!ek. Of the· San Diego women
workers ql.l get h~ss than $8 a week and the condition of the unorgani~ed laui;Idry workers is pitiable.
The ..commissioners pr~bably have made" little s~udy
of slave psychology, though they had a wonderful opportunity. Witness their naive statement that "widows and . divorcee:;; with . children to support are the
best workers; because of their responsibility they are
•'ager to keep their jobs!.
'
THE GUNMAN
Sartorial Fake
A cablegram from London says:
Lady Randolph Churchill has designed a smart uniform for her maid
servants, her man servants having
enlisted. The uniform is that of a
footman above the waist and a parlor
maid downward.
Isn't this a sartorial transposition?
Some English girls might qualify for
the parlormaid upward or the footman downward, but no one will be
deceived otherwise.
The Savage Behemojh
Timid Woman-(After gazing
into th e cavernous depths of a
yawning hippopotamus ) -Is he ..tmphibious?
Keeper- Yes, amphibious as · hell!
H e'd just ~s soon bite you as not!
Cheering Henry Dubb
"Who are "those people who are
asked the recruit as the
soldiers were marching to the train.
"Those," replied the veteran, " .are
the people who are pot going."
ch eering ~"
Cut& Out the Crab
First Deaf Mute (gesticulating)What do you do when you come
homt> late and your wife begint~ to
scold~
Hecond Ditto-Turn out the light.
Cruel Punishment
M o th er Earth
On guard to see that the property remains stolen
A Los Angeles judge has sentenced another man to matrimony
for an indefinite t erm . This is
clearly unconstitut{onal. Cruel and
unusual punishment is forbidden.
�The Western Comrade
Wealth Accumulates
Pictures for Propaganda
Shoot Capitalism
With a
r.
Stereopticon
'
Anyone can lecture with the aid of pictures; they tell the
story, you point out the moral.· Pictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They make your work doubly effective.
We tell you how to get the greatest .r esults at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete information.
W. SCOTT LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street .
Los Angeles, California
Gen. Otis says editorially in The Times, of
EVERYMAN
tBy Luke North)
"If law and order, respect for conventions and property rights
are to be maintained in this land and its civilization continued,
publications like Everyman must be suppressed . . "
. And again Gen. Otis says :
''Its lamentably brilli-ant pages pervert art to the cunning
uses of social disturbers . . . "-and also, says the General, still
speaking of Everyman :
"It is disturbing to mental. stability."
Than~ you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon ·
from the Los Angeles Times.-Cuke.
EVERYMAN <Monthly>
• Each Issue Has an Important Lecture or Essay by
Clarence Da.r row
Year $1.50, Copy 25 Cents
516 American Bank Bldg., Los Angeles
THE Twentieth Century, H. C:
I N Whitaker
shows the beauties of
interest drawing:
"Had 1 cent been loaned on the
14th day of M:arch, A. D. 1, interest
being allowed atj the rate of 6 per
ce.nt, c~mpounded yearly, the~ 1894
yt!ars later-that is, on March 14,
1S9~tpe amount due would be
$ 8,4 9·7,840jOOO,.OOO,OOO,QOO,OOO,OOO,Ol>O,OOO,OOO,OOQ1 000,000,000 ($8,497,840,000 decillion dollars) . lf_it were
desj11ed to pay this in gold, 23.2
grains to tpe dollar, then, taking
spheres of ,ppre gold, each the size
of th.e earth, it would take 610,070,000,000,000,000 of them to pay for
that cent . . Placing these spheres in
a straight row, their combined length
'voulQ. b~ 4,826,870,000,000,000,0UO,-OOO mil·es, a distance which it would
take ~ight (going at the rate of.186,330 miles, per secend) 820,890,000
· years. to travel.
''The planets and stars nf the entire solar and stellar universe, RS
seen by the great Lick telescope, if
they · were all of solid gold, would
not nestrly pay the llmou.nt. A single
sphere to pay the whole amount, if
placed with ·its center at the sun,
would .have its surface extending ·
563,580,000 miles beyond the orbit of
the planet Neptline, the farthest in
our system.
"It mav be added that if the earth
had contained a population of 10,000,000,000, each one making $1,000,000 a second, then, to pay f01:
that cent, it '"ould have required
their combined earnings for 26,938,500,000,000·,ooo,OOO,OOO years.''
"-
Censoring ·the Stage
''At a . show, when an Oriental
dancer came on, a young man leaned
forward and said eagerly to a lady
in front of him :
'' 'Would you kindly remove your
hat, madam.?'
.
''Th-e lady swung round and
glared at him.
'' 'Certainly not ! ' she said.
'You're much too young to. look at a
turn like this.' ''
Does the Shutter Stick?
Jones-I hear . you are quite a
movie fan.
S~ith-Yes, I see them so much
that when I go to bed at night each
dream ends with "Passed by the
National Board of Censors.''
�The Western Comrade
Dobbin and I ,
By Edward Moray
REVOLT
B OTH of us work for the boss;
All through the heat of the day
Dobbin, the old white-faced hoss;
I, just a man growing gray.
Dobbin is fed of the best,
Plenty of oats and of hay, ;
All of his food stood a test;
~1ine 's on the verge of decay.
Never a hoss had a stall
Pcrfeet as Dobbin's for health.
C:ouldn 't he better, that 's all.
Boss is a man of much wealth.
Doh hin is eunied wit!{ care;
Dohhin is petted a lot ;
:\ly ho11s!' is perfectly bare;
IIonw is a eomfortless spot.·
IN. MEXICO
Read the C~rrect ~terpret'Q.tion ·of Underlying Motives in the
Most Remarkable and Valuable Book of the Year
The .Mexican _People-Their Struggle forJFreedom
-By-
I get tIt P <"nrses and sneers,
.
L. Gutierrez d·e Lara and ~cumb Pinchon
Dohhin. th e earc and applause;
•••
1 Hrn thought lrss of hy years;
Dohhin thought more of because
Ilor·s<·s (•ost money to buy;
:\1 Pll :tr<' mu ch cheaper than clay;
Hor·s(•s ntt•an loss wh t:> n t~PY die;
:'ll!·n- hnt a monwnt 's delay.
Eugene V. Debs says:
"• •
• It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the tillers of
th e soil, the producers of the wealth, and
sho"·s that through all these centuries of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggl_ing for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of' a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by ~.he military power."
Fair Enough
Th(• lit'\\' hahy had pr·oved itself
tht' IHlSSt' ssor of <:>xtraordinary lung
power·s. One day baby 's brother, littit> .Johnny, said to his mothec
"~Ia, iittl c brother came from
he a \'en, didn't he.''
"Yt:>s. dear·, .. answer·ed the mother.
,Johnny was silent for a minute,
and thrn he went on:
"I say, ma."
"\Vha.t is it, Johnny 1"
'' 1 don't hi amP th e angels for
slinging him out, do you 1"
•••
Georgia
Encouraging Her
Th e sailor had been showing the "
lady visitor over th'e ship. In thanking him . he said:
"I sel that hy the rules of your
ship tips nre forbidden."
1
Lor' hies. yer eart, ma 'am " replied .Jnck. ' o were the apples in
the Gnr·den of Eden."
says:
•
•
•
•••
Testing the Power
Brown (on fi hing trip ) -Boys,
the boat .is inking! I there any one
here who known ho'\ to pray.
Jone (eagerly ) -1 do.
Brown-All right. You pray, and
the re t of u will put on life belts.
They're one hy._
Kot~:~h
It • strips the glamor of
benevol ent motives from the dealings with
~'T exi c o of the United ~ates and other countries and presents the stark truth that
American and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against the proletariat of
.Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted '
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country."
11
Published by DOUBLEl)AY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
We
viii send you this book and The Western Comrade for one
year for $2.00
�The Western Comrade
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~
En'teTed aa second-claaa matter at the
po•t omce at Los Angeles, Cal.
1124 Higgine Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
In Cluba of Four Fifty Cents
· Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. I!~ _Ma.rch, 1915
No. 11.
Cousin to the Cabbage
T JE cat is the aunt of the catnip
and t hP dog is the unci of t h~
dogff'nnel; the eow is the sistpr· of
t lw 1·owslip (noun ) ; the horse th e
hroth<·r· to t hP horseradish, nn<l the
squirTPI tlf<• first 1·ousin to a nut.
This is Psta hi ishPd hy an East Ind ian :-wient ist who der·lares tha.t
plants al'l! stationary animals, and
animals. plants that mo\·c around.
1lr· d<·(!]HrPs that plants slet>p aml
<'II t. and t Ira t rln1gs have the samP
Pffrd on them as they do on animals.
If tiH~r·<• is anything in the th<·ory,
what plant is mostly elosely relat<'d
to this s11vant., whosP rwrn<· is .ragadish ChumlPr Bose?
Shifting Responsibility
'l'raeh<•1·-J shall trot krt;p yon
after sehool, .Johnnie. You rnay go
hom<' now.
.Johnnil•- 1 don't want to go home.
'l'hPI'(' 's a huhy just' <·omc to our
house .
'l'ra~h<•1·-You ought to lw glad,
JohnnH•. A dcnr littl e hahy.Johnnir (vPhrmrntly ) -1 ain't
glad. Pa'IJ hlame nw:_hr blames
me for everything.
Hence the Wriggle
l\lillie hart just hearct 1111. impressive scrviee tha1 elung to her mind
and ~\te rh.ild used phr_ases and expressiOns m a stnrtlmg manner.
She spt·mt~ this one when her
mothrr implorrct her to stop squirming:
"Well, why do<•s Freddie do all
tlic things that make me quinn and
omit the things that do not make
me quirm ?"
Ethics of Evisceration
the roof of a Red Cross hospital
and utfoeate-- the helple and er-ipplied by noxious ga ses.
d~ed
Your off pring may not u,e a
one may or may not do certain
saw-toothed bayonet to di embo el
things to an enemv. It is well
therefore, to tudy the ubject.
' hi brother, but he may evi eerate
To mothers who are eontemplat- him with a harp aber or tear the
ing putting their sons through a tripe out of him with a knife, pro· 'Boy Scout eour e, enrolling them dded the knife i fastened 1o tht>
in a Boy ' Brigade or allowing · t"Dd of a rifle.
Your little lad mav lawfulh· kill
them to rnlist in the. militia, W<'
unarmed men and women and' evrn
offer the followi ng instructions:
Your boy may not. shoot his ehildren provided he is told tht're
n<'ighbor ~~ a soft-nose 'or bol- has heen sniping in the town.
lf your boy is in au im·ading
low-poiilt bullet. hut he may safely
and honorahlv smash hi skull with army he will learn Rll the finer
a charge ~f judicially pl<wed poit;ts of the game. He will leam
slfrapnel, well diredrd shell or . that it is houot•ahle to steal, to loot
a nd to \\'l'!'ek homes; to rape
hand grenade.
Your so11 ma:v not poison tlw women and 111\lrdel' det'l'nseless
\\·ntet· supply of another· mother'fi· ml'n, hut he should alwnys remem son. hut lw mav houm·ahlv and lwr that thPsl' things must not be
hunHlnt•ly throw ~ lyddite h~mb on· dow• Hnl'thieall~·.-II. ('.
INTHEethic
polite but somewhat mudof modern warfare
..
1,000 Copies Sold on Pre-Publication Orders!
SOCIALIST
WAR MA·NUAL
A Revolutionary Interpretation of the European Armageddon and the
Temporary Collapse of Intetnat!onal!sm
Contains:
IMMEDIATE CAUSES
By Louis C. Fralna
GENERAL CAUSES
By Frank Bnhn
MILITARISM
By Floyd Dell
•
THE ATTITUDE OF ITAL:t._
By Pro!. Arthur Livingston
ANTI-WAR MANIFESTOES
By the European Socialist Partles
SOCIALISM AND THE WAR
By Isaac A. Hourwlch, Ph. D.
HOW GERMAN SOCIALISTS DIVIDED
By William English Walling
BRITISH AND AMERICAN SOCIALISTS ON THE WAR
Summary anJl. Criticism of a rtl<>les by Bernard
Shaw. H. G. wells. H . M. Hyndman. Ra.rru!ay MacDonald. Robert Blatchford, Victor Berger, Eugene
Debs and Charles Edward Russell.
This Socialist War Manual "T!IJ Probably Become Hlstol'le.
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"'..
EW REV,I EW
SO FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK
�The Western Comrade
Out to Sea
(Continued from page 15)
card, evidently given to her by the
young man, who now arose, sauntered aeross the street and entered
the pharmaey in the Auditorium
building . .
The color slowly died out of the
girl's face. She glanced intently at
my companion, hut the S. W. was
deep in the delights of the essay on
"Culture," quite unaware of the
surveillance, or that the girl quickly
arose and made her way out of the
park.
I watched her cross Hill street and
go cast on Fifth.
Tlw S. \\'. dosed the hook and·
looi<Pcl about.
· · Thr gil'l is gone,.' she said in
dismay. "1 meant to speak to her.
Did sht' go with that-thatfreshie 1' ·
"J\' o, went alone."
''Let ·s go, Bobbie.··
W P werr eoming out of a photo
supply store on Broadway when I
fplt the S. W. 's g1·ip on my arm
tighten.
'·There's that girl, Bobbie! See?
Just aeross the street. Come."
\\. c
dodged,
jayhawkerwise,
through the traffi c to the opposite
side.
"\Ve 'II get close behind her," she
suggested, ''and if she turns and· I
catch her eye I'll speak to her. I'm
sure she wanted me to do so in the
park.''
The girl was some thirty feet in
advance of us. I saw her hesitate,
glance at a white card she held in
her pa·lm and then up at the street
number over the flashy, near-marble
entrance of a rooming house.
Distracted by a window display
for a few moments, the S. \V. turned
just in time to see the gil'l disappear
into the ca'lacious doorway. l\fy
companion
caught
her
breath
sharply, a delectable little trick of
hers that indicated disappointment.
''She's gone!'' she murmured.
''Assuredly ! '' I answered.
I r ead the gaudy glass-and-gold
sign on the door jab, ''The Lutrella
Apartments, Transient. '' Then surveyed the '' Mapicure '' signs dis- played in some "bf the richly curtained second-story bay windows.
I ventured in a spirit of irony a
line of Walt Whitman's:
"IF ANYTHI~G IS SACRED,
Soc.ialists Attention!
In order to place a copy of our catalogue
of union-made goods in the hands of
evel'y reader of The Western Comrade,
we 'wm ~end postage prepaid, on receipt
of FIFTY CENTS, one of our ge~lne
sheepskin-leather card cases BEXit.ING
THE UNION LABEL.
This card CB;BO contains four pockets,
one large for btlls and papers, one for
your dges-stamp book, and two with
transparent windows for union membership cards. This ill the ONLY CARD
CASE on the market made by Organized
Labor apd ~aring the union label. It is
no longer necessary for a class-conscious
Socialis~ to be · inconsil!tent.
Send fifty cents in stamps or money
ord.e r.
MUTUAL UNION TRADING COMPANY
(The only exclusive union label merchandisers)
(Owned and managed by members ot the working class)
9 Board of Trade Court, CHICAGO, ILLS.
THE IIUl\lAN BODY IS SACRED! "
And the Sweetest Woman, being
nobody 's fool, understood and
sighed.
The New Everyman
"THE Great Adventure" . issue of Everyman, just out,
is in many respects the most im.p.ortant number of thai unique magazine yet published. Its editor, !Juke
North, seriously proposes a coming
together of all the radical elements
on a simple, basic platform, broad
and fundamental enough to enlist
the support of everyone anxious to
revolutionize society at once, by a
direct appeal to the human mass.
Edgcumb Pinchon 's one-act play,
''Stones for Bread,'' is one of the
big features of this, or of any issue
of Everyman. It is a war drama,
the be~;Jt and most artistic one that
has yet been produced. Itls a
powerful "play of forces" that delightfully reveals the weakness of
the ''logician'' and the ''doctrinaire.''
Clarence Darrow 's labor day
speech is eoritained in this number.
The American Socialist
Official Organ.of the
Socialist Party of America.
The American Socialist speaks
with authority. It ia a powerful
news ~nd · prapagan~a weekly
and is the only paper in the
United States which givea an
account of the official busineaa
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Every Socialist. ~very Student of Socialism should be a subscriber.
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�The Wes.tern. Comrade
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R. Parm Pettlp lece. Managing Editor
A labor paper unparalleled by any labor paper of Canada.
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It you do not take this p~ you should subscribe today!
THE SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN.BOOK FOR 1914
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The Socialist Movement
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Co-operation
Exploitation
Wages and Hours
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Information about
The High Cost of Living
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Crime
The Old Parties
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Syndicalism
Concentration of Wealth
The Trusts
Profits
Socialists in Office
and many other things of interest to Socialists
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It has been compiled by the INFORMATION
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_ ·
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'
A
All Present
LITTLE girl traveling in a sleeping car with her parents greatly
objected to being put in an upper
A littJe girl traveling in a sleepberth. She was assured that papa,
mama and God would watch over
her: She was settled in the berth
at last and the passenge.rs were quiet
for the. night, when a small voice
piped:
"Mama!"
"Yes, dear." ·
"You thereT"
' 'Yes, I'm here. Now go to sleep.''
"Papa, you thereT',...
''Yes, I'm here. Go to sleep like
a good girL''
This continued at intervals for
some time until a fellow passenger
lost patien~e and called:
·' Vv e 're all .h ere ! Your father and
mother. and brotheril and sisters and
uneles and , aunts and first cousins.
All here. Now go to sleep!"
There was a hrief p!tUse· after this
explosion. Then th e tiny voice piped
up again, but very softly:
"Mama!"
"\VeiL"
"Was t11at God?"
Dead Easy
A party of English and Americans
were touring on the Continent, and
one American greatly annoyed one
of the Englishmen, wh-enever they
went sight-seeing, by invariably asserting:
"Oh, that ain't much! We can
beat that all to ;ibbons over on the
other side of the pond.''
When Naples w~ reached they
went to have a lool{.at Mount Vesuvius and the Englishman remarked
to his American friend:
"Now, sir, can you beat that over
in your country?''
The American quick as a flash replied : .
''Well, I don't know that we can
heat it ; but we have a little waterfall over there that would put the
damned thing out in five minutes!''
Accident or Catastrophe?
Telephone Home A-4533
Home A-2003
Main 619
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
A . J. STEVENS
Attorneys at Law
921 Hlgglns Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Dentist
306 South Broadway
Room 5U
Loa Angeles, Cal
Employe-111:r. Brown, I should
like to ask a raise in my wages.
I've just been married.
Employer-Very sorry, my dear
man, but for accidents to our employes outside of the factory we are
not responsible.
�The Western Comrade
31
Does Soil .Analysis Pay?
Here is the Answer
FROM PANAMA-CALIFORNIA EXPOSITION, SAN PIEGO,, CAL,
Mr. R. R. Snowden, Los Angeles, Cal.
Dear Sir: Last year we were having considerab.Ie trouble with o.u r nlli:sery on account of poor
soil.
. . These soils have been treated in accordance with your prescription with very good
results. In fact, at this time we are having no trouble at all with the soil· in the nursery.
Very truly yours, ·
FRANK P .. ALLEN, JR., Director of Works.
(The exposition authorities have twice since used my eerv!ces, which fact also telJs its own story.)
Trees of the same size and shape, at one year and twenty-two d~ys from planting in
orchard, were chosen for experimental purposes. Measurements
made nine
..
months and six days after fertilizing began, are shown.
WITHOUT SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
Height .. . ... . . . . . .. . . . . . . 3 feet, 9
-Breadth at top .. ....... .. . 1 foot, 6
Circumference of trunk at
ground . . . . .... . .. .. ..... : . .... 2
Circumference of trunk at
lower branches .. . . .. ...... ... 1~
Inches
Inches
Inches
Inches
It should · be remembered that while aJly
ehemiet can make a soil
analysis, yet not every one
has had sutnclent expert~
ence and of the right kind
to enable him to correctly
interpret the results and
apply them to treatment
of the soil so as to give a
reasonable certainly of
profitable returns to the
person paying for the
analysis. This is certainly
the most important thing
to consider,
Mr. 0. H. Hottel, an orange grower, said to Mr.
Chas. D. Baker, a banker
of Pomona, Cal.: "The
money I paid Snowden for
soil analysis is the oest
money I ever spent." (On
the strength of this testimony Mr. Baker bae had
two orange groves examined and prescribed for by
me.)
Results speak for the work. . Send for folder containing reports from clients. (Please mention the Western Comrade
when answering advertisement.)
I
RECEIVED SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
H e ight . .... ... .. ... ... ... .. . .. .... 5 feet, 1 Inch.
Breadth of top ... ... ...... .. ...... 3 teet, 11 Inches.
Circumfer ence of trunk at ground . . . .• .. . 5% lnchea
Circumfer ence of trunk at lower
·
branc hes . . .. .. . .. .. .. . ... .... .. ....... 3"' Inches
Oldest Commercial Exclusive Soil Laboratory in the United States
R. R. SNOWDEN
Chemist and Soil Engineer
320 Stimson Building
Los Angeles, California
�Wanted: 600 Men
To join the four h~ndre<l. who are
now working_to make the Llano ·del
Rio Co-operative COlony a Success
There are only 1000 memberships and the great Worid Movement acand 400 ·are taken.
celerated thereby. Socialism will not
This collective enterprise, founded come as a glorious overnight gift.
by Job Harriman, is situated in the We must wor~ it out practically.
Antelope Valley, Los Angeles Let us begin here and now.
County, CaliDo you want
to solve your
fornia. It offers continuous
o w n problem~
employment to
and to assist in
men in nearly
this great ene v e r y useful
terprise?
occupation. It
We want colonists ·and we
is solving some
· w a n t repreof the greatest
problems of the
sentatives who
age.
· can speak and
write the -mesDo you not
think it time
sage of Freethat Socialism
dom.k You can
Champion Tom. The llano Is an i deal place to
was started so ra i se turkeys and these birds will form an important m a e g 0 0 d
that yon can to branch of the poultry department of the community. f.rom this hour
some extent
securing memrealize its great- benefits in your life- bers for the Llano del Rio Colony.
·
time?
You can make this orga~ing a perAre you ready to apply the theo- manent business.
ries about which you have talked and
If you want to own your own job
dreamed?
and gain independence, see story of
Cooperation is a practical thing Colony on page 16 of this magazine.
and must be worked out step by step Write for particulars today.
Address C. V. Eggleston, Fiscal Agent
LLAN'O DEL RIO COMPAN·Y
924 Higgins Building·
Los Angeles, Caifornia
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1915-03
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1915-03
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/369d6949515133fbe9e73f62c4b98391.pdf
ad427a8b4029096d28873f50ec7259af
PDF Text
Text
.
\~,~
\
Vol. 2. Nos. 9-10
January-February. 1915
Ten Cents
TheWeste
rade
"And shall ye rule. 0 kings. 0 strong men? Nay!
Waste all ye wi11 and gather all ye may.
Yet one thing is there that ye shall not slay Even Thought. that fire nor iron can affright."
- Swinburne
\
�T lte Western C oinrade
E
BOOTS .and ·SHOES
Factory operated .i n connection
with LLANO DEL Rio CoLONY
Men's 10-inch boots . $6.00
Men's 12-inch boots . 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes .. .. 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes. . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 .. . ...... . .. 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 ..... ... . ... . 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8Y:! to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11Y:! to 2 . . ....... 2.50
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as pel" above Illustration. .Pass tape
around at lines with out drawing tight. Give
size usually worn. .
\
IDEAL FOO.T WEAR
For · Ranchers and O'utdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest -and
'
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men 's
and children's button or lace in · light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediat.ely on
receipt of order. Send P;-...0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
�·.
t
#
Design from "The Masses." Drawing by Charles
A. Winter ___________:_.::__________________________________
Cover
(Frontispiece) _________________________Page
"The Iron Crou."
4
"Duggan." By A. F. Gannon.--------------------~-----------Page 9
" The Madness of Capitalism." By Charles Edward Russell ------------------------------------------·------------------Page 11
"The OutJook in Europe." By ,George D. Herron ....Page 12
"Who Are ttie Ignorant Laborers?" By Mila
Tupper Maynard -------------------------------------'-------------------Page 14
"Strangling by The State." By Ciarence Darrow.... Page 15
"Deadwood."
(Poem.)
By Edgcumb Pinchon ........ Page '1.6
"Organized Capital Seeks C.o ntrol." By Geo. W.
Downing ...................................................................... Page 17
"Socialism and War."
..
By Morris Hillquit.. ..............Page 18
"Red Ink Uxtra Bunk" .......................·............................... Page l9
"Who's Fighting and Why?"
By Homer
Constantine ................................................................ Page 19
"The Purpose of Socialism." By Carl D. Thompson..Page 20
"The Sentence." By Charlotte Perkins Gllman...... Page 21
"Why Andrew
I~
Merry" .................................................. Page 22
"Folly of the Fixed ldea"................................................ Page 22
"When the End Comes" .................................................. Page 22
"To Be Kind !s to Die".................................................... Page 23
"The Breadline" .................................................................. Page 23
"Seven Mol)ths' Progress at Llano del Rio" .............. Page 24
"Hypocrisy and the War." By W. J. Ghent.. ............ Page 28
"War Brides."
By Samuel C. Meyerson .................... Page 29
"Relchstag Rebellion" ...................................................... Page 29
"Poems of the Revolt" ...................................................... Page 30
•
By Joshua Wanhope ................ Page 32
"The Menace of Child Labor" ........................................ Page 33
"Last 1;-ine of Defense." By William E. Bohn .......... Page 313
"Need of the Hour."
"Fear of Russian Invasion." By Thomas C.
Hall, D. D..................................................................... Page 34
"Original Sin."
By Luke North .................................... Page 36
"The Great Socialist."
By Max Eastman .................. Page 36
"What Is Socialism?" By Jessie Wallace
Hughan, Ph. D .................................................:........... Page 37
"Crisis of the Hour." By A. M. Simons...................... Page 38
"The Poor Savage of Civilization"................................ Page 39
"Worship Up to Date." tly Upton Sinclair.. ..............Page 40
"A Christian Audlence" .................................................... Page 40
!
•
�The Western Comrade
The Iron Cross rn Belgium
�~
,..
..
THE ·wEsTERN
_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Devoted
Political Action
VOL. II
to
the
Cauae
of
Co
·RAD
the _ w _o_rk_e_ra_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ __
Direct Action
. C?o·oper-atlon
LOS ANGELES, CAL., JA.l'lUARY-FEBRUARY, 1915
NUMBER 9-10
Valle Rio del Llano
Looking South From Dam Site on Big Rock Creek, Llano del Rio Colony
•
CURRENT COMMENT
By Frank E. Wolfe
W IIJLJE
the European wa1· has occupied the
down-stage position to the all but oblit eration 1 of other news, the fighting in J!exi eo
again for ces it-s way into t]l(> Spotlight. Out of the
garbl ed n ews in th e daily new!O;papers one may pick
from day to day g-rains of tmth. Judging from
these reports, th er e. is no in clination on tlie part of
Villa; "·ho has long been the dominant factor in the
struggle, to yield to any side-tracking issues. He
holds the question of land monopoly paramount and
for years he has led his ho'rdes of "sandlefeet" into
battle with the cry "Tierra y Libertad !"
The e p eon haYc learned their lesson well. They
have come to believe so profoundly in "land and
liberty " that they are fighting upon that issue irrespective of military leaders and .ambitious politicians who ·seek to divert their attention. ·
Cnrranza marle no riretense of carry in g out the
prog1·am to free t ht> land and he will go the way of
l~s num erous predecessors who have failed either in
courage or understanding.
Jn th e meantim e th e average Amet·iean reads the
vapid newspaper ('Omment on th e 1\lexican struggle
and smiles at th e stupid cartoons, lmd goes hi$ way
as ignorant of the actual condjtjons of the cause of
th e revolt as he was thrPe years ago.
�•
The Western Comrade
6
A
BEAuTIFUL conspir~cy w~ thwarted when
the European war swept millions of peasants
out of their fields and rushed them into the trenches
or into military camps of both warring and so-called
peaceful powers. Steamship agents had been busily
engaged for a year in selling, on the installment plan,
tickets to California and 'o ther coast states, via the
Panama Canal. 'fwo hundred thousand immigrants
were to reach California inside of the Y.e'*. A million more- were to foll'ow in the next few years.
There are iu California today_ l50~000 unemployed
men . The numher has been regufarly rounded out
by the closing down of seasonal industries. On a
recent tT·ip I saw in scores of roadside camps many
hundreds of blanket stiffs who would eagerly go to
work if given an opportunity. In Los Angeles they
c·rowd together at the l\£unicipal Employment Bureau
and at other private agencies and block the streets
and lin(• the curhs all day long. A call for 500 jobbers at "six bits a day and cakes" to work in war ·
and moh scenes for the motion picture producers
usually cause a riot. Add 'to this a couple of hundr·cd thousand of Europeau peasants and a few thousand mor·e r·aghcads and we will have a situation
that at first will he ver·y much to the .liking of the
Otis-Hearst outfit, but later will he likely to prove
serious if not disastrous to the entire ~xp loitin g
class.
'l'hat th is immigration plot will be revived at
the conclusion of the European conflict no one will
question. Hordes of hun gry and hom eless men will
flock to Ameriea and they will work for any wage.
Exploiters of labor will welcome them to mill and
ranch and Americans " ·ill be displaced.
In the meantime our wise statesmen are prattling
about protection of cotton and steel and hogs. Any
discussion of plans to free a ·few million acres of
monopolized land ? Not yet. That would presup1 po e brain po"·er. and there isn't any!
G
+
+
+
RA 'D AD:\IIRAL VO:t\ TIRPITS is so elated
over the success of the ·..,German submarines
that he declares the plan to blockade England will he
pushed with great vigor.
Conan Doyle fir t uggested the plan in a story
entitled ''Danger'' and it appears the admit'a.l is
willing to follow out the English author's sugges.
tion. In -the tneantime, one after another of England ' <h;eadnaughts is nndi.J?g a berth with Davy
Jones in the bottbm of the sea.
+ ·+
+
person . realize the universal insolvH ow..encymany
of the banks of the world T In England
the disiJlusiomnent ,came when for more than a \veek
prior to the declaration of war every British bank
sqspended payment and ·virtually acknowledged insolvency. This even included the Bank of England,
"the Gibraltar of Theadneedle Street."
. The helpless c!<>ndition of British banks continued
until the governme.n t came to the rescue with the
only remedy, ·and the one that should be made permanent-:that is, the .suhstitutlon of the national credit
for the unsound and illusive gold basis.
If the people of England and America had the
sense to profit by this lesson and take advantage
of it, the war, despite its wrong and its horror, will
have done infinite good.
A
+
+
+
I... THOUGH they are _suffering terribly. in the
trenches, the German soldiers are sticking to
their task with a doggedness that is perhaps characteristic of the 'l'euton. Slowed 'down, worn and
weary, the men have l08t the· keen edge that characterized their first fierce onslaught, but they are
more than holding their o·wn in the east and west.
PI'Ussian militarism w~s a stronger machine than
was supposed hy the blithesome Britishers who went
forth to destroy the army of the mad Kaiser. England must brace up and fight for her life. Conscription is ine\'itable, and conscription will start riots
and untold troubles, but it must come. The colonies
must send vast numbers to fill the ranks decimated
hy wounds, exposure and disease and death.
In the spring, _when the Germans make the next
onward rush, a gr·eat ar:my will be needed to check
them. Germany is as determined to crush England
as the Britons are determined to destroy Prussian
military power.
t'p to this time Germany has had all the better
of the struggle. Germany is fighting Russia, Eng-
�The Western Comrade
land, France, Belgium, Servia, Portugal and Japan, that will strike terror to the hearts of the British
and within a short time Italy will be conduct.ing a land monopolists. They propose to sejze large tracts
vigorous campaign against Turkey, Germany's ally of land f~r government use. Verily, war is more
in the south.
than Sher..m an dreamed!
After fiv e months' struggle these combined pow+ .+ +
ers have been unable to effect an invasion of Teuton
NGLAND'S system-or lack of system-of meetterritory. The Germans have occupied all Belgium
ing the .,national obligation to her fighting men
and turned the Belgians out of their country; they
is
gt·owing
·to be a n,ational disgrace. A. l\f. Thomp•
hold a large por·tion of France; they have succeseson,
\Hiting
in the Clarion, takes a sharp hack at
fully invaded Russian Poland; they have created a
greater rebellion in South Africa than the world has the royal .and noble cadg·e rs who are raising funds
been allowed to know. of; they are meeting with hy all the known methods save the right one. He
some su c;erss in starting r evolt against British rule says:
"The Ducl)esS'of Splash has a National Patriotic
in Egypt and P ersia; thry have torpedoed half a
Fund
to provide gol.oshes for consumptive aviators.
dozen of Englnnd 's dreadnaughts, even as far away
The
Hon.
Miss Brandish is collecting funds to supas thr north coast of Ireland; they have made a bold
ply
sp?ts
to 'nutty' artillerymen. Mrs. Fussorynaval raid, bombarded English seacoast ·cities and
Blazon
wants
lnoney to furnish warming-pans to the
escap<·d withont harm; they are building Zeppelins
crews
of
submarines.
The Countess Pfumppfer.
with th<· fr:mkly aekno"·lcdged purpose of bombard·
spitzel
aspires
to
warm
the
legs of Highlanders with
in g London : thrit· submarinrs and mines have sunk
red
flannel
bloomers.
The
cackling
clamour of these
dozens of British fighting ships and, so far as their
society
advertisers
is
a
disgrace
to
the
nation." .
o>vn safely inter·Md f1cet at Heligoland is concerned,
Thompson
cal1s
up.on
the
government
to supply
th er e is not n ship damag<·<l.
C\'rrything
that
money
can
afford
to
case
the
condil n the sprin g England mnst fight for her life.
tion of the soldiers and sailors-including a living
+ {• •!•
wage for ·combatauts, pensions for the disabled and
HEN w;n· was declared by England the peo- adequate provisions for· the dependents of the killed.
ple " ·ere given some quick and simple les- lt 's a big hill, he declar es, but England must pay
sons in the fa<·iiity with which public utilities may and the slackers must dig up if it costs them their all.
be socialized. 'l'hcsc institutions "·r re taken over by
If this he not done, promptly, whalesale conthe governml'nt so easily and naturally that the pub- scription will become necessary, for men will no
lic heard of no opposition-if, indeed, there was any. longrr enlist under. present conditions.
Of course, military seizure is not socialization, but
+ + +
it shows how expedient is quick, powerful aPtion.
The trams, th·e railways, docks, mines and, in
HE \\' ESTERN COJ!RADE is endeavoring to
fact , every thing socially used, was put into the hands
give in this issu e all latitude to expression of
of thr gowrnmPnL Of course thr fad it was a thought of the leading Socialist writers of the world.
war measure allnycd. the fears of the bourgeoise. George D. Herr·on 's artielr and that of 'fhomas C.
T1hen. again , to have protested would have been Hall arP antipodal and both are printed with t4e
branded as unnatriotic and the protestant would have intent of ·giving our · r·ead ers an opportunity to get
the viewpoint of these famous writers. We have
risked severe censure, if not social ostracism.
1\ow that England has put a ban on sugar im- no other policy than to further the cause of the
portation thcr·e is a serious move ob. foot to have the workers of the world. 'Ye will not remain neutral·
government embark into beet-sugar production on wlwn the honr arr·ivrs to strike a blow at Capitalism.
a large scale. There is a phase to this proposition Our chief nim is to educate an<lnrou!'le the workers.
E
W
T
~
7
�The Western Comrade
8
You of Little Faith
C
ot,ONlSTS at Llano ?ei Rio have a_ singleness
of purpose and that IS to do somethrng toward
the solution of our social prohlems. Our vision extends far heyond the boundaries of a singJe colony.
There arc \'Cry few, if any, among us who would
be in the least interested in merely estaplishing a
co-opcrati vc colony only for the -benefit of the few
who might dwrll therein.
It is our aim to develop one .large su<:cessful community to deliver greater benefits both economical,
moral, intellectual, and social to each and every one
for less effort, than can be delivered under capitalism; to establish such a variety of industries that
every individual may be oc·eupicd in what is to him
the most desirable and congenial employment, and
to provide for ourselves substantially all the <·omforts and necessaries of life.
Wlwn wr shall have been ~tble to find every man
at his post, and there hy his own choice, and that
hr!'ause of tht• pkasurc he takes in his work, and
whrn we shall haY!' hrrn ahlc to shorten our hours
of labor, to take athnntage of ·the joys of the game
and the happiness affordrd hy intellectual pursuits,
and yet shall fpc] frer and safe from want; we shall
know that we haY c done something toward the aceomplishm ent of our· aim.
We shall th<m lift our voices to those who are
asking if" any good can come out of Nazareth," and
trll them to "come and see."
\Vc shall th en endeavor to show our brothers
beyond our hordrrs how they, too, may liv e in joy
when hound together hy a common interest .
Does it seem singular that we should from time
to time state the P:urpos~ of those gath~ring at Llano
del Rio 1 Singular ~hougl1 it be, it seems necessary
iii ord~r to disabuse the minds o'f many ardent Socialists who are throwing everY. possible obstacle in
the way of the colony.
Only yesterday," the secretar·y of one of the largest Socialist locals in California said, "I hope the
colony will fail. If it succeeds the members will no
longer be Socialists.'' · Will a Jittle prosperity ruin
these Socialists 1
Oh, what distorted ~ew of human nature. How
can you, Comrade Secretary,. explain \Villiam l\forris,
the great poet, who died in his palace fighting for
Socialism 1
What explanation have you to offer for Binger·,
the German millionaire, who spent his fortune to
further the movement?
How docs your theory tally with Hyndman of
England, who has spent his fortune and his life m
the same struggle?
Did you, Comrade Secretary, ever know of a millionaire who dird for· his money? No, indeed; there
is not one millionaire on rarth who would not give
his last cent for his life.
Did you eYer kno'v of a man who died for his
convictions? Why, eve ry gr·rat humanitarian movement is full of such characters!
A little prosperity will sp<1il these men o.f convictions at Llano del Rio 1 Far from it!
You, Comrade Secretary, will find many a treasure'' Not dreamed of in your philosophy'' if only you
will look a little deeper into human nature.-.J. H.
a
nrm.;papt• r·s ar·p doing rvprything in thPir power· to work up a war scare in the l'nitcd
CAPJTALlS'l'
StmtPs and thp JH'cd i<·tions are fr·t>d.v rnadr that 11nkss errtain foreign p(nvcrs rn rrt with certain dcll;aruls tlwt'L' will hr a deelaration by tht• \Vashi11gton govemment. That thr people of this country
sho11ld ht' sturnpeded hy the homhastit· nttt>r·aners of th<•st' jingoists st•rms !nt·r·t·•lihle. This is the time to
l<erp Pool. Tht• wor·king <"lass. has 11othing to do "·ith this "hueksters' "·ar ... ln a recent vote taken of
S('V('I'a I It lllHhed tll pita I ist newspa JWl'S
gr·eat rnaj or·ity of the in \'01 rtl in f:nor of thr continuation of the
<·;por·t of war· munitions. Norw faYor·t•d a lllOVL' toward sh!r·viug the war and most detlart·d for
"making all we <::Ill out of it." This is the tl'Ur expr<'ssion of eapitnlism 's grrrd.
n
�The Western Comrade
9
Duggan
By A. F. GANNON
I
DO NOT lmow if Duggan
he hero or ,·illain. I shall
merely srt do,~· n the fa<·ts.
Duggan was born in the
slums of ?\t>w York Citynot an auspicious beginning,
one must admit, for· an IH•roic
career. Bt• that as it may,
hy way of fist, stomavh and
heart he had at twenty-fin•
lin·d lift'. aftt•r· his light, to
a fu,.llnrss ,·o w·hsaft•d fP\\'.
Forrgath<·r·t·d \\·ith St'\'t•r·al of
his ilk (a l1it blase. and t',\'11 it·al as to th<' motiv<·s of all
\\'0111<'11 and most m<·H ) one
morning in a gi'Oifg"t'l'Y in
Avf'llllt' ('. fat•· dPnlt mtr· ·
Sllh.it·d a IH'\\' hand, in tht·
J.H'rson of a s]pek straug<·r·
who rnt<•r'Pd t·onfidently and
put a sudd<·n quietus to their
undenvo1·ld d iseussions. The
ne\\·eom<·r ·s ha hiliments iustantly ar·ous<·d a mixture of ·
hatred and fpar· in th e
bosoms of the,gang. ln. stinctively thr visitor singletl
out the s·waggpr·ing Duggan
as leader and after· a few
Twenty-six "deputy sheriffs" are under indictment in New jersey charged
rounds of drinks took him
with shooting down twenty-nine strikers who had revolted
aside for a ('hat.
against abominable conditions in a fertilizing factory.
The upshot was that th e
pair depai'ted (after two
more all-inc! usivc rounds ) uptown · to call ou the Sleek ices of himself aud the gang to go down there and help
One's '' hoss, ' · who wanted some mrn for an adventur·e to see that the "guineas" didu 't. pull the stunt. The
of high emprise. Duggan's command that the r est r·c- ''boss'' ·was to arm them uniformly that night and
main until his return met with sudden and vociferous start thcm south. The honorarium was to be "five
acquiescence, engqndered to a considerable ext ent by a huel<s a dH,v all· foun ·,'' from the time they left New
goldpiece nonchalantly thrown on the har· hy the ~Jerk York till they got back.
One with instructions to the bflrkeep to entertain the
Jn sixty days they were haek, covered with glory.
boy therewith in th e departed one's absence.
The "guineas" didn 't pull the stunt. The God-given
Duggan rcturncd in an hour- full of his 1'9uhj'eet, right of men to n .m th eir own business was once more
and a supcrior· brand of booze. ConYened in a hack upheld. By mutu a l agreement th eir stipends for the
room about a table laden with bottles and glasses· the entire per·iod w<•rc to he brought to the Avenue C headleader explained: A "bunch o' guineas " in St. Louis quar·ters by Duggan and the Sleek One and there diswere trying to run the street car 'business in place of tributed. All wants of the outer and inner man, food,
the owners. Duggan had bargained with the "boss," clothing, rourtplastcr, liniment and, last but by no
m the latter's sumptuous uptown offices, for the serv,. means least, liquor being furnished free by the trac·-
�10
The Western C omrade
tion company during their strenuous sojourn in the the first sound of the shooting they hurriedly started
southern city, their wages were intact. The Sleek One for camp. Nearing the scene on a run, Dugg.m sudmade a neat little address, complimenting Duggan and denly swerved from the others and started tow11.rd the
l1is <:ontingent particularly for their true patrioti m miner 's colony, where men, women and children ran
and fealty to the laws and institutions of this great wildly about.
land of the free and the home of the brave. H e also
" Don 't go that way y' damn fool!" one of tire depromisrd to soon gi,·e them furthe r well-paid employ- serted pair yelled at the top of his hoarse voice,
ment in their line.
"they're firin' on the :tents.''
A for·tnight of sybaritic life for Duggan iind his
If Duggan beard he paid. no heed. His bloodshot
•·onfrerrs eusued. The leader beamed as he basked in eyes ~ad beheld !l man wit-h ~ child in his arms go sudhis follo1nrs' open adoration. :\I any new ~nd capable denly to earth with half his head shot away. The
r·r.c ruits we.re added; and a score of successful sorties baby, disengaged from th~> dead man's arms, toddled
from t lw hes<·ig-t•d eitadel of Capital, in t~e course of . off laughing, thinking it 'some new sort of game. Dug1 im(•, added to th eir laurels.
gan's hat was gone. H e now 'discarded his coat, in
In the middle of one of thPir ,\·!'11-eamed revels a either pocket the preciou,s whisky f or which an hour
p•·r•·rnpt or·,v •·a II •·a Ill<' fo r· t hl'ir· services. The "boss" hefore he would have sold his soul. He intercepted the
himself dropped dowu to A venue C · in his French crowing, stumbling tot midway in a little clearing and
limoul'!ine and held private eounsel with Duggan-who gathering her hungri.ly up i11,to his a rms with a halfll'as """' his tnrsh·d anJ high-salaried lieutenant on
the fh·ld of adiou. Duggan was a hit under the
wcatht·r·, IJUt stt·adi<'d himsPif in his superior 's presence
:1nd JH'otnised to arm alHl L'nt r·ain him self and his
·~
ll'o r·thies that night, hound for· the eonfiict.
Th<· st·t·nt· ol' l>u g-ge~ n 's ex ploi ts this time was to
J,c a littl P Co lorado town wht·re "a hun ch of bohunk
miners wrr·e tr·yiu g to run th e govemment and the
minrs.'' th't• ''boss'' informed him. Ilis mission was
to " put t hr frar· of lieU into 'em."
In dm· time, doubly vic:ious from train-confinement
and a t·ountr·y-lridl' <l ehnu c: h, Dugga n a·nd his associates
t·Htel'l·d th e 1nountnin \·illage and enc:ampcd on th e
JH'opel'ty they wer·e to '' guartl. ''
Jfohnohhin g with th e militia , already there, th ey
"A sower went forth to sow."
<wo n ll'ar·nctl what had happened before t heir arrival,
lau ghin ~ or· eur·sin g immod erately as the incidents relat rcl stnwk their fanci es. ~\Yom e n of th e social neth er- l!nmken, breathless soh, whirl ed a~d started running
ll·orld \\'P I'<' to lw had at herk and call, a convenience hack out of the danger zone. The baby threw her arms
tllll(·h app r·t>eiat.ed hy Duggan's followers; hut, curi- about his neck in the utter abandonment of mirth and
ous]? r nou gh indeed it sremcd· to the latter, Duggan pressed her velvety cheek against his t\vo-week stubble
had himself csrhP\\'Pd this form of entertainment for of beard.
a long time.
"God!" he panted.
A screaming woman ran after him but he was
For many wear·y months the trouble went uncnded.
\rhat m>mncr· of" hunkirs" wer e th rse who could onlv unaware of it. The widening swath of a rapid-fire gun
I
'
he subdued in death 1 1\fany guards and militiamen ovel'took the woman and mowed her down. . Above his
had hPt'n kill ed of lah'. A giant r epr·isal, an orgie of head passed a screeching hail of bullets from the minde ti'Uction and death, was in preparation. Getting ers' stronghold on the hillside. Duggan weakly went
wind of it the armed miners had taken to the mobntain- to his. knees with death close at his back, but instantly
side and "there entr·enched themselves for defenseregained his feet \nth a curse, under the stimulus of
leaving their women and childr·en in the tent colony in baby laughter in his ears. He had only made a few
t he keeping of sonw erippled and a few able-bodied strides, however, hefore the leaden stream reached him
!fien who stayed to guard them. ·
and riddled both. The big gorilla-like body of DugDuggan, in the throes of a protract.ed drunk, was gan crushed the fragile frame of the dead babe into
not present wht-n the melee started, being foraging for the soft ground. With howls and cries of demented
whisky in town with a rouple of boon companions. At beings, the gunmen and militia charged the t ented
�The ·western Comrade
town and pouring oil on the flimsy shelters ignited
them. Beneath some t ents were pits where women
and children cowered and shrieked before death
silenced them by flame or suffocation.
Stealthily that night under cover of darkness · ~
frantic miner searching for his child found her beneath
the dead gunman. · He spurned the khaki-trousered
body of Duggan with his boot and picking up his
bloodied and broken offspring stole away with -hate in
his heart and foreign oaths on his lips.
That samr night in New York, in the bedroom of
11
a snug Harlem flat, a slender girl with a babe at her ·
generous breasts, tossed restlessly and full of fear,
wondering how long it would be before she saw her
big, lovable bear of a man again, and trying to fathom
the manner of his business that took him so far away
and for so long a time.
Among many other things, two morals suggest
themselves, one from the Bible:
"They who live b:;Y the . sword shall .die by the
sword," and one from Bob.by Burns:
''A man 's ·a man for a' that. ''
The Madness of Capitalism
By CHARLES EDWARD RUSSELL
T
HE shuddering ho!'l'or with w~ich. we. read of the world already bears could come but one result.
battlefields whereon th e dead h e p1led m heaps, Mankind would revert to savagery. Knowledge, progof torn and mangled youths shrieking with the ress, hope and light ·wouJd te overwhelmed in one
torture of their wounds, of towns burned and peasants abysmal catastrophe.
Instinctively we cry Ol'lt against this prospect. We
put to death, is only a part of the black night that
·
declare
that such a thing must not be. That this war
has come upon us. Not only this year is dreadful but
must
be
stopped. That all war must be abolished.
the years to come will be. For every shot that is fired
if we really mean what we say we must set
Then,
and every march that is made the future must pay
ourselves
to great and enduring changes.
a nd pay again and there can be no payments of this
We
see
now the certam results of the present sysbill except from the products of industry already bent
tem of Business founded upon grab and gain, the cutto the ground under the burden of past follies.
throat system of competition,· the deadly system of
Before the war began th e economists had uttered
Business conducted for private profits.
solemn warnings against the -heaping_up of the debts
A few made rich and the many poo.r; a few made
of the nations. They pointed out that the interest
powerful and the many made the battle-pawns of
charges on these debts were steadily mounting to a these; the resources of the world and the strength
sum that could not be paid.. 'l'hey showed that be- thereof controlled by a few for their own· benefit and
cause of their interest charges the poor were still fur- the rest obliged to go out and fight the wars engendered
ther impoverished, ignorance and darkness were by the competitions, jealousies or maniac dreams of
spread around the world, and want threatened the their masters.
•
toilers in every land.
Meantime, the masses sinking to lower levels of
These were the results of the existing system, of existence and the joys of life more and more restricted
the debts of former wars, and .of the huge armaments to the beneficaries of the system.
that the nations maintained.
All this for just these same two reasons, the SurThink, then, that this war is costing these nations viving Feudalism of Autocracy and the Surviving SavSixty Million Dollars every day, that practically all of agery of Competition.
this staggering sum must take shape in national debts
Let the competitive system survive, and whichever
for succeeding' years to pay, and that these debts and way the pre~ent war results it will assuredly breed
the crushing interest charges they will entail can be other wars as gigantic or worse. From that conclusion
paid in no way except by the sweat of labor.
there is no logical escape. The same causes will proBefore the yrospect thus opened the mind .sickens duce same results, always, automatically, irretrievably,
and hope .dies.
as certain as night follows day, as certain as the stars
We are paying today 'the expenses of the wars of travel their roads. No man may sow his field with any
Napoleon, a century old. Should the present system faith that he can reap it and no man can look forward
last, three centuries hence men will toil and children to a year of peace. So stands the terrible fact that
be reared in ignorance and insufficiency that the mon- now confronts mankind. We can shut it from our
strous bill for this day's insanity may be paid.
minds if we are cowards, or try to forget it if we are
From such a burden piled upon the debt burden .fools; but refute it or deny it may no man living.
�The Western Comrade
12
•
Europe
The Outlook tn
By GEORGE D. HERRON
rr~~~~
HF. existing Socialist Parties may be destroyed by the European war, but not
the international work of Socialism. Even
if the worst that is feared should come
to pass; if the duration and devastating
effects of the war should so expaust both
gove rnments and peoples that, under the
strain, th ey should give way,}lnd chao~
follow ; if out of this chaos should rise new t-yrants and
tyranni c'!; still the sPed of Socialism, so deeply and
pati1•nt ly sown in t hP human soil , will ultimah'ly bear
its promispJ fruit.
ThP eo-op<'rllti\'e world- ir1 which all children shall
ht• hom thr <·qual hf'irs of social wealth and freedom
and opportunity- will certainly come. 1t does not
matter undPr what name it comes; its coming is no less .
a IIIJin·rsnl npr·Pssity. '!'he wol'ld cannot go on otherWISt' . No rnattPr' how gn·at thr ciitastrophe through
whir·h manl<ind is now passing, beyond that catastrophl· waits the univi•J'iml f•ommunism that is the only
r·o11dit ion of human sanity and continuity. Human
h•·oth<•J'hood, solidar·ity of thP pl'ople, will perchance
h<'I'OIIll' J'l'ality nft<•J' th1• pl'Ps<•nt confiict?
I Iuman hr·otlH•J·hood may lw a speedy result of the ·
JH'I'SPilt l'Onfiil't. That will 1leprncl largely on the confli1·t 's intensity nnd dul'ation. lt s<•ems a terrible thing
to say, hut it is no less tl'llr , that the great -danger to
thr working 1·lass, to th1• pe-oples internationally, lies
!n n too.f'al'ly JWa<·c hPing l'Oncludecl hy the rulers and
diplomats. Now that the catastr·ophr has come, for
the saki' of the wor·kers it sho uld he r•omplete and final.
lt s hould eontinue until tht> pcoplrs, looking out over
a Eur·o.pe that hns lwcomc a !!raveyard, looking out
ov,,r· their Wl't>d-grown fields nrHi ruined homes, and refleding on th<•ir shatterPd lives, shall !'l'solve to make
an end of llll 'l'l' politieal go,·emmrnt forever; and to
take the m·dt'ring of life and labor into their own
hands, and to pnt the sane and brotherly administration of induslry and society in thr placf' of po.litical
nnd militar~' organization. l'he danger of the present
<>atastrophe i , that the rulers and politicians may beco.me apprehensive, and for theit· own self-preservation
eonclude.a too-t'arly peac<'. ft is not at all impossible
that, threatened with social revolution from within,
Germany and Eugianrl and Bussia and France may
compromise their issues through secret diploma~y, and
conclude a peace that shall he merely a truce, leaving
Europe, industrially and socially speaking, just ·where
it was.
T
:$.·
German Social-Democracy ba pro\~ed'i lf a traitor to Socialism, to labor, to freedom and democracy,
and should be outlawed by the International ocialist
Movement. Indeed, judged _by the present conduct of
that party, we ~:p.ay ay tliat there is.no Socialist Moven;teni in Gerinany. There is only an immense political
party that r presents a: certain number of votes and
Capitalism Incarnate:
"Having the time of h·is life."
nothing more. The conduct of th~t party is without
excuse, and its leaders know it. English or American
Socialists also know that the conduct of their .so-called
German comrades is inexcusable. 'fhey may try to
say that the German Social-Democracy will be found
true when the time for the action comes. The time for
:-~ction has come anrl gone, and the Socialist Party of
Germany has not acted. lt has only proved how destitutf' ·it is of <'ourage, of sincerity,. of Socialist prin.
ciple. And it has proved its utter lack of moral force
as well as its .lack of fidelity to freedom and to international Soeialism. The Social-Democratic Party of
Germany could have prHent cd this world-catastrophe
if it had had the manhood in it to do so. If the four
mi;lion men who vote for Socialist condidates bad so
decided, and their leaders had so ordered, every wheel
in German factories or on German railroads would
hRYe cea'>ed to turn the moment Germany declared war.
· This would have inYolved insurrection, and would have
�The Western Comrade
13
rrsulted in Racialists being shot. But it is the business Switzerland, as she ic; threatening to do, then Italy
of Rocialists to be shot when a great crisis arrives. would dQ well to go to the defense of Switzerland. .
1f there had been enough men in Germany ready to give Otherwise Italy should maintain her neutrality. To
their lives for the cause they profess, they could have · attack Austria now would not only be a breaking of
her treaty, but it would lay Italy open to the charge
c·han~?ed the fae e of the world. •
• •
of
cowardice, in view of the fact that Aus.tria is now
Wh en the Socialist l\1 ovement does become powerpractically
a finished quantity, so far as the ,;ar : is
ful in Russia, jt will be a Socialism that is real, that
If the HapsQurg dynasty dissolves, as every
concerned.
has purposl' and spiritual force within itself, and _that
man
who
cares
for free'dom prJ:tys it may, then Italy
will ha Y e some sPnSl' of humanity in its doctrines and
would ~e right in . occupyin~ ·Trieste ~nd the Italian
proc·cd ures. Russia today is immeasurably nearer freeprovinces yet unredeemed. But that .need ·not involve
dom than Gernuur:v. aml its leaders are vastly prowar any more than . the Roumanian · occupation . of
fonnu l' r and morP spiritual in their culture than the
Transylvania, in case of the' dissolution of the Austrian
(;l·r·nwn leaders. YPs, if it is a choice between the CosEmpire, need involve ·war.
s:H· k and thP Tt>uton, thc•n give me the Cossack. He
I wish Italian statesmanship
wise enough, and
is rwarPr tlw <·o-orwr·ative eommomvealth, is poten- had the courageous initiative •. at this moment to form a ..
tially a mor·t• lruman and spiritual being than the
Truton . • • •
Th e 0Prman So<·ialists sePm to utterly ignore the
fact that it was UPrmany who deelared war· on Russia, and not Rus-;ia on Germany. This whole catastrophe' is hroYb>1rt about hy the Kaiser· 's Germany, to
which thP Cc•r·nran Soeial-Demoer·aey cr·aven ly submitted. It is Urrrnany that has IH·ought this catastrophe
upon tlrP wor·ld . If [{ ussian Soe ial ists are in the Russian army, they ar'l' fightin~ in a war· of drfence. The
Belg-ian Sot·ialists. undi'J' thP IPadPr·sh ip of Vandel'Y!'Idr. ;r r·p fighting for thPir Yery <·xistenee as Racialists, as wt>ll as for tht•ir· nation and thPir homes. The
Fren<·h So<'ialists ar·t· also fighting for· Noeialism when
thry fight for F'renl'h national PXistene<'. \\' hen such
rr,·olutionary So<·ialists as .Jules <luesdP, Vaillant and
Anatolt· Vrant·t· s11mmon tlw <·[ill to ar·ms th(•n surPly
tht• Sor·inlists of Fran(·(• are fighting r·ight!'ously.
l t is tT'Ill' that' En gland dPclarc•d \\;Hr on Germany.
And while· I am the last to havr any sympathy with th e
English r_u ling l'lass. in this case England is fighting
for the wo·r·lcl's fr·eedom . Rhe is fi~hting for the presernttion of all that is worth while In eilivilation. She is
fightin!! for such publi c morality and social freedom as
\\'e han hl'rn ahlP to gain iu the last two thousand
.vrars . • • • What we c·all civilization is largely
n hid(•ous phantttsmagor·ia . But judged by even our
Wilhelm: "God, you have betrayed me. ,I condemn
low and ·hypocriti<·al standards, Germany has proved
you to be shot at daylight.' ' ·
·
herse lf' not a ci\'ilized, hut a barbarous- yes, a savage
nation.
1 d <·<'ply hopP that ltaly will maintain the 'itbso- league of all the neutral powers- Switzerland, Spain,
lnt r neut1·ality thnt thr Socialist Party has demanded. Roumania, Bulgaria, Greece, Norway, Sweden and DenIf Ita!~·. in the beginning of the war, had joined with mark. She should take the leadership of such a league,
Eng-land in tl11• dPfrww of' Belgium's neutrality, she and be in a position to mould the Em·opean future, and
weuld have acted with reason, and the action would mould it democratically and ethically;
Let me say, in conclusion, that I think the rebuke
have bern courageous, and have won the approval of
mankind: hut that time and opportunity have passed. of the Italian Socialists to the German Socialist ComOr if Germany should now attack the nE"Utrality of mittee-the committee that came to Rome to defend
were
�14
The Western Comrade
the action of the Geran Socialists regarding the waris one of the noblest things in the history of Socialism.
The reply and rebuke are brave and wise and true. It
has made me proud of the friends I have among Italian
Socialists. It enables me to say to my American comrades that there is at least one Socialist Moveent in
the wo~ld that really stands for Socialism-the Socialist
Party of Italy.
Who Are the Ignorant Laborers?
By MILA TUPPER MAYNARD
T
HERE arc hut t"·o classes of persons industriallycapitalists and laborers. Yet, strange to say, more
than half the pPoplc are not consciously in either class.
It is too apparent to most of us that we are not
capitalists and yet we patronizingly talk of t he "laboring classes, '' quite unconscious that we belong in that
group. Every one who depends on another for employm<mt, WhPthrr it he fot• large pay Or small, With
head ot· with hand, is a laborer in cYrry true sense of
the word .
"But some wot·king people are so ignorant, it is
not fair to elass all togcthel'," it is objected.
True, some workers at·c ignorant. Indeed, most
of them arc so ignorant they do not even know that
they arc labol'crs. They are too ignorant to unite with
men and women of their own class to improve the conditions under which they must labor.
The engineer· as he looks out of his engine is grimy
and disheveled; the clerk in th e railroad office looks
at him , r ejoicing that he is not a ''laboring man. '' Yet
the man in th e iron monstet· draws wages which would
make the clerk 's "salary" appear pinched and
weazened.
Thr teachct· passes a stone mason; and patronizingly
moralizes on thr man's ''honest toil,'' while the man
who knows he is a laborer would scorn to work for
what the t eacher is glad to get; to him such pay would
be even worse than the ''scab'' scale.
The men who are conscious of their class not only
gain great practical good from union and the assertion
of class rights, but they have an immeasurable moral
advantage in the sympathies, ideals and heroism fosten~d by class loyalty.
The labor union nten know what universal brotherhopd means; they know the importance of strengthening the weakest link; they have left behind the standard ''every man for himself.''
It has been long since men seriously sacrificed for
religious faith. 'Tolerance leaves no room for martyrdom.
Politics and commerce have taken the luster even
from t!Je glories of war.
Is the Heroism, for which Ruskin so yearned that
his peace-loving soul could even tolerate war to secure it, vanished from off the earth 1
Ask the nation which l(loks t>D. all too calmly while
men risk '' the me~ns whereby they do sustain their
lives " in a strike not for larger crusts · only, but for ·
principle.
'
.
··
The heroisms of any strike are ~:n;J.&gnificent, but
when the risk is borne and the ideals held and the
self-control maintairi'ed by ''ignorant foreigners'' for a
principle of justice, we may well recoup our reverance
for human nature.
,
The cause of all labor has been defended by these
noble brothers of ours for mol).ths, y'e t how many of
us have said, "They are fighting my battle fo r me" 'l.,.
Alas, not a fragment of thos·e whose cause ~as been
at stake.
What a pity not to be alive in one 's own generation!
\\"hat shame not to stand up and be counted with
the army of the world's workers!
What blindness not to know oneself as one of that
army!
The dignity of the man who knows that he is a
lnhor-er is immeasurably greater than ·that of those
who, equally dependent, yet ignore the fact, sympa-thizing more with capital than with labor, and refuse
to unite, or arc too ignorant to unite, with other workers of their own class and thereby secure benefits im•
possible without this union.
Not only do they miss the dignity belonging to
the conscious worker, but they also lose the highest
pleasure that life contains for this generation.. A great
cause has been the chief blessing conferred upon mortals in eyery age. The ~se of labor has never been
excelled in worth or· in ·
n,4ude by any which at
any time commanded the c e~out allegiance of the
heroic.
Th e triumph of Labor is the victory of the race. '
\Yhat Labor wins for itself, it wins for all.
Best of all, in the cause of Labor there are no individual triumphs. The individual represents a class,
and the class represents humanity.
It is a glorious thing to know oneself a part of a
great stream whose current sets toward equality,
brotherhood and liherated labor.
Surely one who feels this even in dim, instinctive
g r·opin g, is wiser than the school-fed ignoramus whose
owp scantily feathered nest bounds his utmost horizon.
�The Western Comrade
Strangling By the State
IN
less than one week the people of California have murdered three men, one of whom wa.s convicted on merely
circumstantial evidence. Our "palaces of justice" have been the scene of two more struggles wher& victims fought
for life before juries composed of men wtto were only admitted under confession they believed in ~apltal punishment.
Thousands of people pleaded to deaf ears for the life of one of them-a mere youth-who was proven to · be men.
tally· defective. But "justice" decided in favor of the gibbet.
.
·
By ..CLARENCE .DARROW
t;!!~~!!!!!!!!!~ACK
of all punishment the real reason is
Yeng_eance and nothing else. l\Iany who
have done a little thinking will disagree
with me. They will say it is for the pre1:=~;::::::::;;;=:1 nntion of crime, or what they call crime,
for the world has never known what
crime is except the breaking of some
human law.
Th1·.\· sny hanging is good for two reasons: Be(·a use it kP!•ps the man from committing murder the
sN·ond t imP, and because it keeps other men from
murderin~r. lf you hang 'fom Rmith then Tom .Tones
\\·on 't tnurdl•r anyone. As to the first: Hanging is
usl'IPss HJ)(! hat·hm·ous. A murdet·er can be kept from
t·ppeat iug his crime by shuttin g him up.
The othc·r theot·y is that you will make the rest of
tht• world g-ood through fear. So they belieYe in hangin!! to kt·ep othet· people from murder.
Yuu \\·ant to hang a man so other men won't murder. You want n powerful penalty so as to frighten
people into bring good. In olden times, when men had
the Ponragc of their con\'ictions, they used to burn
men in oi l, whi!'h had a deterrent effect, or they burned
th eir Yictims at the stake, as men still do if their victim happens to be an African. If we would substitute
burning at the stake instead of hanging it would perhaps haYe a more deterrent effect than hanging. Then
"·hy not t·estorc the stake and th e rack and the thumbscrew?
If it is tortut·e you want and if it is fear
you arl· aftpr· and nothin g else is to he considered
by the community, then why not make it as horrible as possible? We are not logical. We are not
"-illing tb follow -our e.onvictions to the end. We don 't
like the looks of blood. If we were logical we'd inYent something that would frighten more than hanging
and make all people good.
"
~·You can 't touch the human heart in this way.
You can't reach the human soul in this way. You
can't change the human mind. You can only scare
them in this way, and if scaring is good for them,
then you ought to have a good scare while you are
about it.
There are many things that even an intelligent .legislature does not know. I used to be a member of one.
·The chief busmess of a legislature ~s repealing natural
laws and passing laws God f~rgot to make. They forget man 'is as ·m uch.a product of natural law as the rest
of the universe. ·
If. a .doctor were called -in to treat an epidemic of
maiaria he would order the draining of the swamps
and the extermination of the mosquitoes. But if you
called in a lawyer he would hang every man who had .
·
·
'
malaria.
There nEwer was a crit~e committed that could not
be traced to a cause if we were wise enough. Most
crimes grow .ou~ of property. Crimes of violence, like
murder, are not so 'easily classified. A large percentage of them can be traced to property reasons. Burglary · begins with boys in adolescence, boys whose
beards are just begirming to gt·ow and who feel strange
powers and impulses they do not understand. There
is no one to tell theni the. truth, because that is the
last thing people like to tell. In the big cities· th.ese
boys have no place to play, no 'way to relieve their
animal spirits, and they tur·n as easily to burglary as .
other "boys to baseball.
Most crimes can be cured, not· by killing boys,
but by changing conditions so boys can have 81 chance.
We claim to be civilized, yet the larger our <;ities
the more jails. And we doo nothing to r move · the
cause.
Most of our punishing involves human judgments.
Twelve men try to determine how much better they
are than the man who. is being tried. We all have
feelings that move the basest criminal, and we all have
feelings that move the highest legislator. H we are
to judge we'd say: "Have you done more good than ·
bad ?" not "What have you done?" If the All-Wise
Judge ever judges us he will judge by striking a balance and not by individual acts. And yet twelve men,
hiding a smile, if they realize what it is they do, tcy
to determine, not how good a man is, but how bad he
is, and if be has done some particular act.
There are men wise men, great men, who have
found that crime increases in the same proportion as
the rise in the price of bread~ · In the East where we
have a cold winter there are more people go to jail
in winter than in summer. They go there to keep
warm. They haven 't any other pl~r e to go. It dependR
�•
The Western Comrade
16
entirely upon the food supply. For man is as much
subject to natural laws as the muskrat.
Probably the greatest cause of murder is involved
with 11ex relations. A, man becomes mad with jealousy,
or husband and wife qaarrel. Do hangings prevent
jealousy 1 Do they prevent a man from killing his
wife.if he grows to hate bed Society must find some
way of letting them live apart and· do, something in
that way to get at the cause.
Any person who has o;tudied it in the most careless ·
way can't rome to any conclusion other than that
hangings arf' wro.ng-wrong to the victim and a wrong
to soci£·ty. This example of brutality by the state
breeds murd er. 1t docs not prevent- murders. They
finally abolish public !.angings. How many of you
would vote to hold hnngings.on some hi.gh place in
your vicinity and to bring the people up there free to
see them ? If not, hanging should he aboJished. The
only cx(·usr for it is as an example to make people
refrain. Suppose we l<ill men privately and secretly,
then dops it ful'llish an rxample or is it pure veng·eance
hy the state ~ W c don't like to src it. lt is too horribl e
to contempla tr .• f.;o we have a man taken to the penit .. nt iar·y, hirrd hirn n11cl put him orr a s<·af'fold with only
a dozen witnesses .
Is there any way of telling what the effect is on ·
tens of thousands of children' In some states· they
don't let the newspapers report it. That means society
says to a poor unfortunate being who has murdered
somebody:
'' \Ve '11 try you in silence and we'll hang you in
silence, and then no :ime will know you are dead. "
What do YQU do tpen T You simply kill a human being in violence and ·hatred and r evenge, and no humane
person could .belie~e in it. You can't ·make an argument for it.
.
It's .. the·.old theory of government by fear. Now,
fear never makes men better. Of all things in this
world, fear is th.e first thrng that should 'be banished.
The first' thing a ·child should he taught is to banish
fear. It causes mo're suffering and misery than anything: else in the world, and yet we seek to prevent
crime by fear · instead'of trying to find the causes.
Some day we 'II really learn you can't change men
by fear; that the only course that will reap benefit to
the human rac;c -is the '.Jaw of love. You can't reach
the heart of a c)rild except by the law of love, and you
ran 't make a ·penal code to control men. Teach them
to Jove their fellow-men, and if you do that you won't
need your statutes.
.-------------------------------------------------------------------- ~· ----
Deadwood
By EDGCUMB PINCHON
In
You
You
You
You
You
Everyman
dull, urrlrallowed mass of stunted souls!
ter-rible proge~y of a million cr·awling years!
bloodless, sightless, soulless Things!
blight upon the Tr·ee of Life!
choking pall upon the spirit's energy!
Y ct there is 'l'hat in yon wh iclr is not so ;
The Living Flame is lurking in youReady to make of you (despite your· heritage )
-great souls, great gallant souls-the warriors of humanity!
Despi_te your lr eritagc-1 say, but not despite yourselves.
The Dawn 's at hand! Come make your choice!
See here a Hell deeper than reverend pagan's nain
imaginings can paint you!
Sec here a Death- the crawling eorpse rs f11ir
beside it!
This living Hell is yQu- unbrotherly!
This living Death is you- unsavory!
Yes !- you- who rot in life,- who never caught
the vision of a choiring earth,
-who n ever quivered with a thri'll of fellowship,
-who never strove to right the mighty Wrong
of Inequality,
•
Who bow to Baal,
\Vhat chant Success,
And never in the great loathsome paunch of plutocrat divinedThe scrawny bodies of a hundred starveling babes.
Awake! Awake! Awake!
The fast-rotting carion of your dead selves cries
o~1t for burial !
To wake is painful·.
Yea, the birth of soul is more terr·ible, more splendid than birth of habe!
But better die like medieval monk beneath unpitying S<.'lf-ftagellations:
Better to die-brute food for· cannon in a huc·kster's war:
B<>tter never to have known th e "·omh
Than live ignohlyl;ive like you .
�.. .
The Western Comrade ·
17
Organized Capital Seeks Control
By GEORGE .W. DOWNING
P
ERHAPS the boldest recent act af organized capital
is th.e sending out of marked copies of some of
their most subservient sheets to each legislator with
·a view to kP.ep the latter from voting for labor laws.
The reason offered is that to vote for labor legislation
would mean defeat at the next election.
To prove their point they cited the defeat of labor
candidatps at the last election and even went · so far
as to hrwst of the election of Penrose in J>ennsylvania.
Again and again in the three-column articles did they
rcpe~t that lahor legislation was unpopu_lar, and that
all who fa\'OI'f'd such mcasur·es wer·c doomed to defeat.
Let us s<'f' how unpopular labor laws are. Twentytin• years ago then• was JJO labor legislation worthy of
the narnt' in 1ht• united ~fates. Today we find labor
laws ·on C'\'Pl'.V statutt> hook. Backward nations have
no su ch measur·<·s. 'l'he mark of rank in nations is
the amount and quality of labor legislation.
Pra r ti<·tdly all thP laws that make for a wider democraf'y WPre fir·st ad\'O!'att>d hy the forces of labor.
'F'or instan<· e, worl«·r~ had a demand for the initiative,
rf'ferendulll 'all([ reeall when the forces of organized
capital t bought th<• initiative was something that grew
in the gard en. A well-known capitalist . paper today
ralls thf' initiatin• and referendum the "banner with
t hr strange dcYicc. ·'
So popular are all gr·cat dempcratic measures and
laws inaugurated by organized labor, that when such
measures are gained, the parties vie with each other
in claiming the credit of securing them.
J,egislators need have no fear of popular approval
on this score. Re-election is not the. highest motive for
determining on~ 's votes. It may be\,i.he oDly grow;td
known to some papers and to· organized t>apital, but
a legislator shoulq have the public good as his test.
· To test the measur.es df ot:ga.nized labor and organized capital we' have' but.to compare:
.
.
First-Labor asks for. safety applian~Jes in the work
because it would "save life .a'Ild limb.
. Capital oppos~s safety. appJiances because it takes
f1·om the profits.
Second-Labor. asks for the abolition of child labor;
it saves the children of th~ poor and leaves the work
of the world to be done by a,dults.
Capital employs ti1e labor·of ~hildren; it is cheaper
and means more profits.
·
Third-Labor asks for sliorter ·hours; .this means
more humane living for the workers and safety for the
public.
Capital asks for long hours; it means bigger dividends.
·
Fourth-Labor asks for increased wages; then wife
and children would not be forced out to work.
Capital again opposes this for ·profits.
One might go through the whole list of labor.legislation; it is all for the benefit of l~bor, but the demands are so humane, so reasonable, so far-reach~g
in beneficient results, that it comes to be human rather
than class legislation. The thoughtfullegislator·must
vote for . such measures, not because they are advo<:ated by organized labor·, but because the interests of
organized labor are at one with the b~st interest~ of
society.
In the Day of Reckoning
C
APITALISM is a system, but it is sustained by
men, by living human entities. There are individuals who are responsible for many modern atrocities.
It may he very we II to talk abstractly of "the system",
but l\TEN are to blame and upon their heads wm come
the wrath that is gathering at this hour.
Men are breeding hunger, and hunger breeds rage,
and out of that will grow the horror of the reckoning
to come and not so very far away. In the hour of the
bursting wrath men blind and maddened, will wreak
a ter-rible vengeance, not upon a system but upon MEN
and the blood of men will flow.
Socialists everywhere have ever decried violence,
have preached against it and have sought ·to prevent
what they have called its abortive action while they
spread their propaganda of peaceful revolution. They
have been met and will be met with res'istence frouf
men, individuals, who ought .to know and do know,
but who reject the truth of Socialist teachings.
These men arc .exploiters of the people; landlords,
employers, c-apitalists and parasites who will cling,
leechlike, until the last. But they will pay the toll
when the storm shall break.
In every city and town there stand forth individuals, preeminent in their notoriety as oppressors and
exploiters-political and commercial pirates. These
men have bred hatred and rage and they will be marked
in tlie day of wrath .a nd tears.-F. E. W.
�18
The Western Comrade
Socialism and War
By
MORRI~
civil war waged by an oppressed class of
I Ntheevery
population against their compatriot-oppressors
or carried on ~or the cause of liberty or progress, the
. Socialists range themselves on the side of the oppressed and of progress.
Thus in our own Civil War the sympathies of the
young Socialist :\lovement were emphatically with the
Union army. The ranks of the Socialist orgarrizations
in the United States at that time composed."largely
of German immigrants, were almost en~irely _depleted
on account of the numerous enlistments of their members, and many leading Socialists of that day, such as
August Willich, Hobert Rosa and Joseph.Weydemeyer,
gained high distinction in the Union army.
In London the newly organized International
Workingmen's Association enthusiastically endorsed
the cause of the North in an address to President Lincoln, drafted by Karl l\Iarx. "From the beginning
of the titanic American strife the workingmen of Europe have instinctively felt that the Star-Spangled
Banner carried the destiny of theit· class," reads the
historic document, and again: ''When an oligarchy
of 300,000 slave hold ers, for the first time in the annals
of th e world, dared to inscrihe 'Slavery' on the banner
of armed revolt; when on the very spot where hardly
a century ago th e idea of one great democratic republic had first sprung up, whence the first .declaration of the Rights of l\fan was issued, and J;he first
impulse given to the European tevolution of the eighteenth century, when on that very spot the eounterrcvo~ution
cynically p1·oclaimed property in
man to be 'the cornerstone of the new edifice '-then
the workin g <'lassrs of Europe understood at once . . .
that the sl·aveholdcrs' rebellion was to sound the tocsin
for a grn!'ra] holy war of property against labor, and
.HILLQUIT
that for the men of labor, with their hopes for the future, even their. past conquests were at stake in that
tremendous conflict on the other side of the Atlanti~. ''
It is possible that ow Civil War may yet be re- •
enacted on .a Jar-ger scale and . even over more vital
issues. The world-wide. stztugg1es between capital and
labor, between 'ph;:tocracy and the _ p~ople may be
determined by armed conflict in one- or more of the
~odern countries. ··Whftli'ever and wherever that
should occur, the Socialists of all countries will undoubtedly be foun9- fighting_on the 'side. of labor.
The wars which thus invite the support rather
than the condemnation of Socialists have not even
always been restricted .to . national or popular struggles for liberation or emanc~p~tion. . Socialists have
even been known to favor certain wars of invasion
u:pder circumstances which ' led them to believe that
they would serve the c-a use of progress and civilization. Such wars Hre in the nature of crusades or
"Holy wars ". in the name of liberty. Thus in 1848, the
youthful founders of the modern Socialist philosophy,
Karl :\Iarx and Frederick Engels, called for ~'A general war of r evolutionary Europe against the great .
stronghold of European reaction-'-Russia." But as
the Rocialist and labor movement of each country
·grew in strength and numbers the .notion of bestowing politica l liberty on any people by the intervel!-ti9n
of foreign powers gradually subsided, and today it
may be said to have been entirely abandoned. The
modern Socialist doctrine is that the people of each
country must conquer their own political and economic emancipation, and that while • the workers of
all countri!'s can and should help one another in their
rrsprctiY<' struggles, no nation can depend for its salYation cntirrly on another nation.-- The "Metropolitan.
Starve Which War?
S
TARVE TilH \VAH ?
·
How will America do it 1 Also when 1 Also
which warY
Beef cattle are being shipped out the country in
vast numbers. Horses and mules are going in great
shiploads to become Yietims of the war. These animals are needed here in agricultura~ pursuits to produce food.
- American capitalists will r eap a quick, temporary
harvest. Then will come a winter with a greater n:umber of disemployed than ever before known in America.
This will be followed by demonstrati; ns and food riots . .
Hungry men and women will raid storehouses and
their sons and brothers' in the uniform of militia will
shoot them in the streets.
Gunmen will .use the sawed-off shotgun with deadly
effect on the unarmed throng!
l\fercier-Bennett guns-capable of firing 600 shots
a mi.I}ute-and these will be the dum-dum bullets
shown in the windows of a Los Angeles gunstore-wm
be brought into action.
There will be war in America and it will not be
st_opped by starvation. Starvation will merely start
it.-E. d 'O:
�T h. e We s t e r n Co m r
de
Red Ink Uxtra Bunk
A
NO'fHER great naval victory! Glory and undying fame were won in a sea battle off (or on)
the West African "theater of war."
Picture a fleet of battleships and cruisers grimly
patrolling a stern and rockbound coast. ·The commander eagerly awaits the news that's slow in comin g as his squadron spreads out in a great crescent
.off the est uary of a small river. High above the fleecy
douds an aeroplane circles and hovers over a spot
fa ;- inland. Th en eomes a signal apd in a Hash there
is a great attiYitr on all the ships. Shrill whistles
pipe on al l hands to battle quarters. The lifeboats are
nested and tltro\\·n OYerboard. Spars are cast into
I he sea. All dec]{ gear is jl'ttisoned, every gun is
manned. ''Cast loose and provide '' is the order to
the gunner and thf.' gunner· 's mate. Soon the roar of
gTeat sea ar·tiller·y makes the heavens resound. Tons
of great proj•Jdil rs arc t h rown-enough, rightly
placed, to sink t ht' <·hannel fleet. ']' hen after an hour 's
t PrTific hombardm l•nt it is all ovf.' r. Th e victory is
" ·on. 'l'hl• "far-Hung hattle line" is the conqueror .
Brittania rul es the waves! Burn t he cable with the
urws. Let th e evenin g journals open five barrels of
t"r·esh red ink and cut the throat of the sixth latest
uxtry !
Rut, what victory? Why the ·destroying of tbe
Koenigsburg, a mf.'asly little German cruiser of scarce
three thousand tons that had run as far up a river
as it could climb.
And, in the meantime: A sneaking, wet-nosed,
slimy, skulking Austrian submarine slips down to
the heel of Italy nnd sinks the Courbet, a 23,000 ton
French battleship, and put another of a similar type
out of· commission.
German prowlers of the undersea world have sent
·THE RULER OF THE WAVES
"Behold, oh, world, how
do I look?"
"L.:Ike· this, Britannia."
Luatlge B_f;e~ter.
more British dreadnnughts to the bottom, and again incarnardinf.'d great Neptune's ocean with the blood o~
thousands of working men. All tQis murder, suffering,
sham and fraud is perpetrated for more profits for the
exploiters-and the fooled, betrayed and blinded
workers that form the great public,. stupidly fall for
it again.-G. R R.
Who's Fighting and Why!
By
W
HOMER
CONSTANJ'INE
HO are fighting in this war that has become
That's easy! England is fighting because Germany
violated the neutrality of Belgium. If you don't beall but world-wide T
Well, there 's the Englishman, the Ghttrka, the lieve it ask any Englishman. Germany went to war
Frenchrn-an, the Egyptian fellaheen, the Cossack, the because Russia insisted on mobilizing-declared war
Canadian, the German, the Boer, the Portuguese, the on the Cossack and bludgeonec}-Belgium out of existSengelese Arab, the Servian, the Malagasy, the Aus- ence.
- trian, the Turk, the Irishman, 'the Pole, the Belgian, the /
France went to war because Germany did: The
Japanese, the Scot, the Persian, the South Sea Islander, Ghurkas joined the French and don't know where
the Hindu, the Chinese and a dozen other nationalities they are or whom they are fighting. The Egyptian ia
fighting both for and against Great Britain. The Rusand a hundred tribes.
sians have violated t he neutrality of Persia and EngWhat are they fighting about T
�20
The Weste'Fn Comrade
land doesn't know irt. The Cano:d.i · are figf~Jtmg heearute :H. R. t Kintg Ge<nrge ( Godl bf :i" 'iml
wants
them to. Tlite Portll!lgttese are fighilirg to hold th:eir
African pos ess:iom and they Me aided by the Boola
~oofa tribesme111.
The Austrians are fightmg beca1!Ise a madman slew
an ah~nrd para~tical prince. The Servian are fighting to kPep the Austrians from !fW'ailowing tbein alive.
The Rof'rs are fighting as a winter sport and beeanse Englif.rhmen are not popular with the real redhloodt•d m(·n of that conl}uered but una~similated
(·ountry.
.
'fhP Arahs are fighting he(·ause t~c green sherif i ·
n
tblll'o.wn to the b.re~e and 50meone Cla.relessly has ·l~t
few ca
of c-arbidges, }lying lll.l!'ound Loo e. Alt&h
i~ Allah t
The Irishman doesn 't have to have a reason. "lie
just fights.
The B!Jo1a Bool'a boy are figbtmg for bead boo21e
and bibles.
.
The Jap r e fighting to free the hine e Fun.pire
from the foreign ( a.nea iim) invader and incidentaUy
open- the port ·for his Imperial ~aje ty' eommerce,
Ko ko l and c!J,u cbu !
As for the others: . your gu · is as good a mine
and we probably are both wrong.
31
Our Revolutionary Recruits
C
(HIHA_DE TIIEODOHE ROOSEVELT is .d isappomtmf.{. Tn his initial article in that briJliant
~oeialist magazinP, the 11etropoJitan, this new r ecruit
to our ranlo; disnYows all rf•sponsihility for the snappy·
little r(·voluti on in Panama in 1902, during which th e
l'nitc·d ~tatc·s made a hold and sueccssful grab and
S(•(·llr(·d the ('anal Zone. Comrade Roosevelt d()nounccd ~eeretary Bryan and Presid ent Wilson for
th e proposnl to pay Colombia $25,000,000 for what
h1• cal ls "tlH' Blaekmail trPaty. "
Theodore is right . Why should we, at this late
hour, admit that we stole th e C. Z. ?. We got it, didn' t
we? WI' also hnv r it. Co lombia isn 't big enough to
make 11s pny- th ct·rf'orr W<' shouldn't do it. It would
be, as the wt·itc·r says, "gr:ossly improper. ~ ' J.Jet us
hr proprr at any cost.
,.
There is sen e and l<?gi '•in the tatement that w e
couldn 't have acquired the land by any other method
than that pursued by the nite.d States.
ndoubtedly
the "Covenant ra_n with th e- land' '- we w ere to pro.
teet what we grabbed and we lun·c protected it ft·om
e\'erything but th e .fortnightly !ides in Cnlf'hru cut.
When · Bryan reads the article he will realize a
fire has been built beneath him . A short and royal
roHd out of his diffic'ulty will he to accrpt this clever
·.voung Socialist writer's suggest_ion and give the $25,000,000 to th e Belgians. That will rf'licve England
and France of much of th eir obligations and leave
thrm more funds to provide kanonenfutter fot· the
Kaiser's ho·witzers. Capital idea!
Tt's now _yp to Bryan and Wil on. W e Socialists
han• d one our part.- !<. E. \\'.
Tlie Purpose of Socialism
By CARL
L
D.
ET 11s <·otlsid<·t· \\'hat th C' <"hangPs proposed hy
Hoc iul ism would mean.
lt would mean that all the " ·ages of the work ers
\\'ould he pr·ogressi\'ely in('!'eased until they receiYed,
as nearly us possible, the full prod.u cts of their toil.
lt would reduce th e cost of living for everyone.
The tt·usts being publicly owned and operated without
profit- thr cost of th(' ucce sities of life would be reduced .
~
Bxpruitation-or th <' power of man or set of men
to li\·p olf tht• lahot· of anoth<' l' man or set pf menwould he at nn end.
No one heing able to livc ' off the lab<11.· of another ,
all would be eomprlled to work- to render some useful srrvice. All who were able to work and refused to
do o, if ther(' . hould he ueh under ocialism, would ·
r eceive what they produced-nothing if they produ.ced
THOMPSON
nothiug. Th e-bible says: . " H a man will not work,
neither shall he eat."
There would he no unemployed- no hungry, weary,
hopeless, dish eartened men trampin~ th e city str·ccts
and country roads begging fot· wot·k and unable to
find it. Th e state, controlling all na,tural resources and
public utilities, would find work for all.
Every young man and woman being able easily to
earn a li,·ing, marriage would be promoted, the home
saved, and prostitution and vice robbed of their victims.
Every aclult -father or moth er-r eceiving the full
product of their toil , there would be no need of child
labor, which forthwith would cease.
The fear of want and poverty would be remo,·cd;
all children would be given an equal opportunity for
an education; and the aged and disabled would be
pensioned and protected.
�·,
The Western Comrade
The workers, re !eivmg their full and just dues,
strikes and lockouts would end. Henceforth industrial
peace would prevail.
Socialism woull establish peace upon the earth.
There would be n•J need to fight for foreign markets.
The economic r ew;on for wars would be removed.
And finally, nany of the devoted believers in the
golden rule, the brotherhood of man and the ·spiritual
21
ideals of religion, have dis •overerl that Sociiilism. is
the program by which their hopes may be realized.
To some these claims may seem too big to be possible of realization. And the question naturally ariSes:
By what m~ans doe· ocialism propose to accomplish
these things T
That question w~ shali answer in subsequent articles, as. fully
. and a&. atisfactorily as spa e will permit.
.
The Sentence
By CHARLOTTE . PERKINS GIL fA
cou rt was open.
was a'lways open. The
T HEjudges
w01·ked oYertime and were never through
It
" G{!ILTYI"
with the docl<et, the criminals came·in so fast. They
came and f'amc stead ily, swiftly, in a continuous proeession, now faste r·, now slowe1·, but always abeut so
many every day; dozens and scor es and hundreds of
th em.
J\fost of tlwm eame uuwillin gly, making feeble efforts of r·(·sist<lnct•, and e1·ying out ; hut they were
hr·ought in j nst the same. They all looked strangely
:~like , havin g- no di~tinction in costume, and they behavrd in mul'!r the same " ·ay so that one wondered
that th e jud gt•s kn ew how to discriminate among them,
and Jeal out th <>ir S<'llt(•nces so swiftly. Some divin e
inst ind of justice must have inspir<;d them, for th ey
hand ed down th ei r· opinions and decisions without losing a meal 01· a night's sleep. Yet one would think the
severity of the Sl'ntences in tl;e majority of cases would
have tou ched their hearts.
A very f e\r of those before them were set free, and
givrn great rewards ; oth er few wer e given compara"Hard Labor for Life"
tively light punishments; but to the vast majority of
th ese criminals th e wea ry jud'ges, with business like
swiftness and calm severity, met ed out th e same senConfinrme1~t with hard labor fot· life-a heavy sentence- life imprisonment with hard labor. By dozens,
tence! And th ey wrre so young wh en they received itby scores, by hundreds daily, they went to their punishonly just born !
ment; by accumulating thousands upon thousands they
That \\'as th eir offense.
bore it.
.
I Was curidus enough to follow, to inquire, to satisfy
myself if this t errible sentence was carried out. I
found that on account of the immense number of the
England fe-ars to r eopen the London Stock · Excriminals, they were allowed considerable liberty of
motion in- going from their cells to their--work; but that ehangc beettuse Ge1·man and Austrian capitalists are
there was no possible escape from th e prison .limits- likely to. throw securities th ey hold into the market
except by suicide-a way often chosen. Their cells and the lJlOney secured by this liquidation be used to
were small, dark and unclean ; their food poor and finance the war against her: Amel'ican brokers are
scanty, their clothing ugly and incomplete; and th ere ~nder suspicion of being ''willing to forward dividends
was much sickness among them, owing to these ·condi- to Berlin. " W ell said-only the word "eager" might
tions and their long hours of exhausting toil in sur- · be substituted for "willing." Anything to start some
''trading '' and get some commission.
roundings which made health impossible.
Willing and Eager
�The Western Comrade
'22
Why Andrew
us now praise .great men:
L ET Andrew
Carnegie, who once said it was a disgrace to die rich, is determined tv deserve disgrace
and achieve it even though he might merit soclething
better.
Carnegie demands-and gets-his five per cent
dividend on three hundred millions of steel bonds.
A brief mental cal~ulation . will convince y~u that Andrew is drawing down a snug bit like a million and
.a quartrr a month. Don't figure it any fur¢er, Henry,
it m;1y jolt you into thinking de~per. It~might give
you pause to understand that Andrew sits and smiles
:1nd absorbs over· $48,000 a day; $6,000 an ·hour, and
if he smiles 26 working days, eight hours a day, he
receives over $100 a minute for the effort.. It ought
not be an effort to smile at that rate.
Oue time Andrew attended prayer meeting in a
small but select gathering of God's chosen. At a point
in the proceedings the bible beater, who was acting as
announcer at ringside, with a voice as soft as the
sprinkling of hyssop, and proper unction and antiphon,
•
lS
Merry
said : /,' Brother Carnegie will no·.v lead us in prayer. "
Andrew was sitting near the door smiling at the
rate of ·a gilder and nineteen kop,~ks per second and,
naturally, he didn't want to stop so he si~ply arose
and tiptoed ou( whil~ every head .w as bowed. The
hat · had' not yet p~n · passed. The pulpit pounder
;eckoned his lo8s at ·ten centavos l\1ex.
There is in Los Angeles:a pewspaper man who once
wrote a nook und~:r the nom de plume, "Andrew Car·negie,'' 'a nd Andrew gained much fame and glory as
an author, albeit pe wrote · not a line.
As for ·the real ·author-did he gain gold galore ?
No, Henrietta, h~ received no plethora of piasters.
Rather keenly he .felt the paucity of praise and the
pinch of pe.n ury while 'his fellow type-whackers subjected him 'to much ribald laughter and coarse jest.
Andrew is the rarest humorist of the ages. Noth-.
ing more wond!3rful or 'funnier than Andrew's smile
has been known .s ince the birth of the Tychonic starno, not since the mountains skipped like- rams and
the little hills like the lambs of the flock.-E. d '0.
Folly of the Fixed Idea
M
AN, your head is haunted; you have wheels in
your head! You imagine· great things, and de.
pict yourself a whole world of gods that has an existence for you, a spirit-realm to which you suppose
yourself to be called, an ideal that beckons to you.
You have a fixed idea!
Do not think that I am jesting ot· speaking figuratively when I regard those persons who cling to the
Higher, and (because the vast majority belongs under
this head) almost the whole world of men, as veritable
fools, fools in a madhous-e. What is it, then, that is
called a "fixed idea" T An idea that has subjected the
man to itself. When you recognize, with regard to
such a fixed idea, that it is a folly, you shut its slave
up in an asylum. And is the truth of the faith, say,
'which w! arc not to doubt; the majesty of (e. g.) the
people, which we are not to strike at (he who does is
guilty of-lese majesty); virtue, against which the
censor is not to let a word pass, that ll).Or.ality may
be kept pure; etc.--.:are these not ''fixed ideas' ' T
Is not most all the stupid chatter of (e. g.) most
of our newspapers the babble of fools who suffer from
the fix ed idea of morality, legality, Christianity, ;etc.,
and only seem to go about free because the madhouse
in which they walk takes in so broad a space? Touch
the fixed idea of such a god, and you will at once have
to guard your back against the lunatic's stealthy
malice. For these great lunatics are like the little socalled lunatics in this point too-that they assail by
stealth him who touches their fixed idea. TheY' first .
steal his weapon, steal free speech from him, and then
they fall upon him with their. nails.-Max Stirn~.
When, the End Comes
is a seething inferno.
E tJROPE
Ten thousand grain fields are bloody shambles.
Pastures are foul with rotten carrion of what
was men.
'
Millions are tearing at each others' throats, and
none knows why he fights.
Only the masters, the overlords, the priests and the
kings know.
As long as there are masters and pietistic sooth-
.
sayers, kings and priests, there will be wars and legalized murders, because of the man-made gods and man~
made laws.
Was it a brutal time in the days of the French revolution 1 Yes, but the truth was the truth then, as now,
and it was and is true that ''the world will have· no
rest 'till the last king is hanged with the guta of the
last priest.' '-H. C.
�The Western Comrade
23
To Be Kind is to Die
S
OCIALISTS are opposed to murder. Socialism is
the only organized movement in the world that
opposes all kinds of murder. It is opposed to individual murder in all forms and especially to the industrial
murders 'of capitalism. W e oppose legal murders·under
the cloak of the law and collective, glorined murder
under the guise of war.
If war is hell Capitalism in America has demanded
a modicum of hell on an average of every 22 years
since our exist ence as a Christian nation began ~32
yem·s ago. We have financed all ~hose wars with gold
coin bearing the lying legend, "In God we trust." In
wh at God do we trust ~ Th e J ehovah of the Jews? If
so it is eminently proper for he l.s or was, a god of
war.
I n th e murder ous system under which the so-called
civilized nations exist we are continually surrounded
by war, by legalized murder, by judicial murder, industrial murd er and deliberate, cold-blooded slaughter
by th e gunm en of capitalism.
\ Ve live und er· a system wh ere to be kind is tQ· die.
E Yery man's han d is against his brother , not because
he is na turally had or depraYed , but because th e stru ggle fo r existence i'l so fi er ee that we must kill, and
murd er is war.
Wh en th ey t ell me th at war is hell I am profoundly
sorry that there is no real Christian-Hebrew, orthodox
hell because it would be such a perfectly splendid place
t o send th e kin gs- and their rul ers, the capt ains of
eapitalism who giYe us each day our daily hell.
W e ar e making more guns, calculated to kill mil es
away, more bayonets calculated to eviscerate humans
at arms length , more intricate instruments of murder
than ever before in th e history of th e world. H ere in
th e Uriit cd States where everybody is pleading for
peace we are establishing more armed camps, training
more children in the sweet and gentle art of murder,
fostering Boy Scout movements and arming more gunmen, thugs and "9peratives" than at any time during
our existence.
To stop war
must stop the causes of war. We
must . put . ·an end to the murderous,· malicious, cut- ·
throat eo~petiti¥e syste'm; stop war in OU! streets, in
we
.. TJU:
J~WS'
FATHERLAND·
"I have no Fatherland to Jive in, .but I have many
Fatherlands to die for."
The Blg Klbe tzer.
th e mi~s and the mines; stop murderin,g the hundreds
of thousands in th e industries; stop starving and freezing and driving to death in the industrial world.
Abolish the outgrown and outworn capitalist system.
•
Free the land and free all the other sources of life.
Put th e disemployecl worker and the idle exploiter at
useful work . Begin the work of r estoration and "begin
it now !- G. E. B.
.
'
The Breadline
The breadlibe stiffs, with hungry maw, are waiting for
the pious paw
That hands out grub to every dub
That's down and out and under;"
-The fl)l-COp swings his come-along and eyes the guys
that bum a.long,
· The engine hoots, the auto toots,
The n ews boys pause and wonder ;
The lady in the tooting car, th e merchant in the buffet bar,
And Hinky Dink and Bath-House Gink
All have their quip at Hobo!
But when th ey 'r e through with " Weary Will" and
''Tired Tim '' and '' JJazy Lil, ' '
Their talk's a hluff that 's old enough
For prehistoric Dodo ;
Your Weary Will and Tired Tim may read no text and
sing no hymn,
May nest with fleas and smell of grease
And tramp without a kettle.
But Tim and Will have turned at bay, they're dragged
along a judgment day
And never fear but it's right here
And now you've got to settle!
S.H.
�The Western Comrade
Seven Months' Prog
Co-operative Colony Sbovys Reniark
(G~iiiiin OB.KEH,S at the Llano del Rio Co-opera-
tive Colony are making such rapid progr·ess in so many departments. that it is
diftiwlt to keep up with them/ Since the
adoption of the department plan there
lias bern greater enthusiasm. and activity
than ever before.
The system of departmentization is
called the "Organization l{ules. " Under· this plai1
then· are six d(•partments: (a ) Agr·icultur·e, · (h\
Building and l~ngirH•cr·ing-, (e ) Commer·ce, (d ) ]ndustry, ( e l Education, ( I') l<'inance.
A manag<·r of each department is appointed by
the hoard of' diredors. The manager· of department
A acts as sliJWr'intendPut and has the eontrol of the
\I'Orl<ing of all !'ll!l('h depar·tments. This manager was
first appointed and t h<· r·<•maining appointments wei·e
rnad<• on his n·c·olllllll'lldat ion and with his approval.
Growing Rows of Temporary Houses
Each manager ser·ves su bjl'ct to a i·ecall by twothirds majority of the workers in his department and
at the will of the1 board of directors . . Vacancies in
the departments ar·c filled hy the directors on advi('e
of the superintendent. Depar·tments arr divided into
divisions with foremen appointed hy the manager ... of
a department .Jtnd removable hy him.
Weekly time cards ar·e made out by each worl<er
and these pass through managers to the superintendent
and the accounting department. \Veekly reports are
made by foremen and these go through t;he same channel and to the directors. A monthly report is made by
the manager of the financial department showing number of wo~kers employed, total number of hours
Bessie and Babe, Jerseys
worked, expenses of departmepts and coveri.Ilg all
other phases of industry.
ProYisions are made for the amicable . settlement
o.f differences that may arise. The superintendent and
managers keep certain regular office hours and th~se
arc set during the evening. l\Ianaget·s may not make
or initiate rules or regulations withotlt the sanction
of the board of directors.
Upon entering the colony members are assigned
to a department subject to transfer at t,1e direction of
the superintendent.
The agricultural department rovers farming, hortieulture, irrigation and stockraising. ~Iami.gers of departments are responsible for the work done in their
departments, and they are held accountable for all
implements and material assets of the department.
The manager of the educational department has
within certain restrictions charge .of th_e social w'eJfare of the colony and is ex-officio president of the
Social \Velfare organization.
The foreg<?ing ·is a brief outline of the working
plan. Since it has been in operation it has proven an
excellent working system.
'\V. S. Anderson, a rancher of several years' experience, who knows California ranching in all its phases,
took charge :is superintendent January 1. He has department A and his method of handling men and a.ffairs has created a favorable impression on everyone.
The colony started May, 1914, with no members
,.
�T
a
•
tn
e
•
C •r
a
umber~
and Prospe ·
and no a.Metfll, Before the end of the month there
wt•rt! fin mt~mbe~working men. They p
d
4 hrmw", t I!OW and 16 hogs, • 'ow ther e are· more than.
1i'IIJ p~r80nH in f,lano and nearly 309 members, many
of whom will -go to the colony in t he spring. AppliNttionll are N1miog from all parts of ~he United tates,
awJ the t•or rllHpondenc:c shows "prospects" from
f'VHry J~n gliHh-Hpealdng country. California ranchers
JH'I•J ominate in tmmber .
Tlw lom•ly milk cow ha11 heen joined by 100 of her
ld mL A herd of fine ,JerHcy and Holstein dairy cows, ·
numlwJ•ing ul10ut ~ ;;, forms one of the important features of til() colony . 'I'Iwre a rc over 110 hogs in p en
11 11d pu11t urc a nd th<•r·c shoul d be more t han that numhr r of hr·ood sows in th e spring.
'/'h r {ii·Ht hulf-do;wn hens a r c a small part of the
pou ltry dcpm·trn <'nt, af! th er·e a re now 600 layin·g hens
- whit lughor·us- a nd sever al hundred · pullets and
t'owls. 'J'hcrc a r·<• ~~ number· of blu c~ribbon geese and
~o~om turl< •ys of t>X<·P il cnt st ock. 'l'he colony boasts
th •htllllpion t om turk Py of !::)outhcrn California and
will makt• n sp<•c• ialt y of turkeys. Th er e are about
HOO Belgi un hur· •s in tlw r·ahbitry and they are th e
mm;t r•r mnJ·knhl l' multiplicr·s.
'l'lt npinr·y ur pn r tm ' 11t, as all other divisions, is
in th l' d HII'l-\'P or All rx pr rt. B. G. Burdick will hence-
Four Generation• .of Colon lata
forth supply honey for· the colonists and ultimat ly
run th e number of stands of bees up to the thousands.
Two experienced gardeners are in charge of th
garden department and th ey are preparing to plant
60 acr es in a short time.
Th e colony 's giant tractor is plowin g ev ry day,
flountain Pastures Produce Superior Dairy Products
/
�The Western Comrade
and a large crew is sowing ghliu and doing other
planting. Within a few weeks the tractor will return
to the work of clearing the new land, preparing 160
acres for an apple orchard and about the same amount
for additional pear orchards. There are 7,000 additional trees on the way to the land. A nursery will
be established on the colony land. This will be under
the care of an expert horticulturist. Fifty thousand
grape cuttings have been planted. These wiif be used
as table grapes and to manuiacture grape juice.
The new dairy building is of stone and concrete
~onstruction , 150 feet long· and is of the latest model
and will make the colony dairy one of the be~t equipped
in the st,te. The dairy products are. all contracted for
and are bringing good prices. !J'he Llano del Rio
creamery butter has already gained the reputation of
being the best in the great valley. ·
Two of the new chicken coops are finished. These
arc 60 by 18 feet and each have a capacity of 500 hens.
Wher e t he New Lime Cement K i ln Is Being Constructed
To these will be added others of a similar type designed along the latest scientific lines.
In the various stacks the colony still has 500 tons
of alfalfa with which to feed the stock, and the output of alfalfa next year will be considerably incr eased.
The grain now planted will be sufficient for all purposes.
1
It is expected that by midsummer the colony will
be producing 90 per cent of all the food it consumes.
By the u e of the tractor, two men can plow 30
acres a day. This machine, pulling a large lister plow,
digs ditclres at a rate that makes it do f!Ae work of
100 men in that sort of construction. This machine
has dug a ditch two feet deep, two feet Wide, and
!brown the dirt three feet, for a distance of half a
mile and completed it in twenty minutes.
A complete mod rn steam laundry is being set up
at the colony and with it there will be steam for the
dairy. the laundry and a power plant to generate
eleetrieity to light the honse and u:pply power for·
the printing plant, the planing mill, window. ash and
door mill, the shoe machinery and aJl other applianee
on the spot, aU of which have been awaiting the power.
One lime kiln is running and another of a more
modern type is in t!le course of eon truction. These
are .furnishing material for the brick machine and the
power mixer. Witli the, )vbite Roman cement bricks
ma4e at thi~ plant on "the colony land the permanent
houses in the colony will be built, including the large
administratiC)n bllildin~. that is projected.
Eighty thousand feet of lumber have been shipped
to the colony and 50,000 will .go within two weeks.
Later it is expected the colony will secure it timber
from the United States forest department and mill it
at a point near the proposed hydro-electric generating
plant in the Rio ·del Llano,canyon. This will enable
the colonists to .produce· n-early all their own building
materiaL
·
The colonists have built a large clubhouse-50x150
feet, and in this buildin·g most of the single men are
housed. Families a.re housed in smaU wooden bungalows and · California tent houses and at ranch houses
where ranches have been purchased. The building of
the beautiful white bungalow with red and green tiles
will re}ieve the situ.ation and enable the colonists to
more comfortably house the inc.oming members.
The clubhouse forms the civic and ·social center at
this time. In the large as~Pmbly hall, 50x50 feet
square, the dances are held and here the childr n have
their danc~g classes.
.
The ~ool has over 40 pupils and more are being
added each week. It would require much space to .
tell of the school plans. Two teacJ"!ers are having all
they can do to handle the school at present. A woman
Col ony Clubhouse W ith New Dor m itor y
of wide experience and considerable renown is likely
to join the colony within a few weeks and establish
a Montessori department. This, with the day nursery
department, will take charge of children of almost any
age and relieve mothers of much of the strain of care
of large households.
�The We ter
Co
r ad e
Group of Llana del Rio Colonists, Christmas, 1914
Th(• first year· in high school work has been begun.
Night schools are planned and some classes have
The S<·liool has reePi vcd over $100 worth of supplies already been started. Men and women of all ages will
fr·om th e county. A reference library is supplied by attend these classes and lectures. Technical training
the county. The school furniture is made by colonist is proving most popular. There will be classes in en•ahinet maker·s and\!hey keep up with the steadily in- gineering and other professions.
ct· asing demand. Vocational classes will soon be esThe United States Goverlfment has recognized -the
tablish ed. The upper-grade pupils have organized a importance of the colony and Llano postoffice has been
lit rnry society and a debating team will quickly be allowed and Gentry P. McCorkle, secretary of the
dev loped.
Llano del Rio Company, has ·been appointed post-.
In the recreation department there are two crack master.
bas ball teams and two or three s~nior basket ball
The Big Rock Creek Irrigation District has been
teams and numerous groups of youngsters. Tennis established and at an election of the district recently
was mo t popular on a cement court until a building held five members of the colony were elected directors
was ere6t d on the floor. Since that time dirt courts and two other members were elected tax assessor and
have been resorted to. A new basket ball court is tax collector. Thus the first election held in that part
pr ving popular. In the summer, swimming and hunt- of the valley saw a clean sweep for the Socialists, who
ing w r umong the popular sports and pastimes among elected ~very officer on the ticket.
th younger men.
When the school district was established three SoThe . . aturday night dances attract . young people cialist members of the colony were appointed to the
from all over th Yalley and have done much to popu- position of trustees. The regular election will come m
larize the colony with the younger set of the district.
April.
The foregoing is but a brief ontline of the a.ehieve-.
The chool ha grown from nothing to its present
ments
of seven months. Such progress is being made
siz and importance in four months and it is still growin and is considered by all as the most important in all departments and divisions that news grow• .tale
in the printing. Colonists are joicing daily and
ia
f atu~ of the colony life.
n
�28
The Western Comrade
believed the thousand memberships will be taken before the end of the year. The white city will be the
most unique and beautiful in the world. It will house
6,000 persons.
If you think this is an exaggeration in any way,
that a miracle has not been wrought in this valley,
the colonifltS will do their best to convince you. You
are invited to be their guest and to see for yourself.
Can the colony succeed T Can co-operation be made ·
a fact T Can any good come out of Nazareth. Come
to Llano del Rio and see. The colonists invite you to
come and see. After that it will be a matter as to
whether you can qualify to become a member. The
invitation is extended to all comrades.
Hypocrisy and the War
. By
.
I
W.
J.
GHENT
.
S there anything ip history quite comparable with
this general howl against the Socfalists because they
did not prevent the war ~ lias hypocrisy ever shown
itself on so unin•rsal a scale 1
This howl of complaint and detraction is raised by
those \rho ha,·e always fought the Socialist partywho have striven to keep it small in numbers and impotent to obstruct a war.
By those bourg-eois anti-militarists who have always ignon·d o1· minimized the work of the Socialist
Party for pe:H'e, and who now profess to find that party
all-powcl'f'ul in its ahility to pl'e\·cnt the use of arms.
By pri!'sts and parsous who conveniently ignore the
uttr1· Jailm·(• ol' ('hristianity to rxnt the slightest inrlurnN· for p(•aec.
By those who know that the Noeialists are not in a
majority iu any national n•presentative body.
By thosP \\·ho know that th e f-iocialists have less
than onr-third of the membership of the Reichstag.
By those who in past times have labored to show
that tlw R(•ichstag is without power, and that even if
the Socialists C'ontrollrd it tlwy would be helpless
against the monarchy.
By those who know full well that a general stril<e
in the face of a mobolizrd army of millions would he
sheer madness.
By those who know that the war was hurried on
by the ruling power·s fastr1· than any human agency
could organizr to resist it.
By those so soft and timid 'that they shrink from a
policeman and who yet declare' that the Socialists in
Europe should have stood up to be shot rather than
go to war.
By those who shout for OJd Glory but who denounce
the nationalism of other' men.
By those who themsel.ves nurse the pride and prejudice of race feeling but who (!ensure it in men of other
races.
By so-called Socialists who have persistently antagonized th e party organization here and elsewhere and
whose verdict would be sure to be adverse, whatever
the facts.
By those who, under like circumstances, would have
donr exactly what thr m en in EUI·ope are doing.
By Syndicalists and so-called ''direct actionists"
who declarr that parliamentarism is at fault, i!!.)he
face of the fact that their European comrades of
like faith are fighting quite as resolute]~ as are any
of the others in the ranks.
By those fomenters of anti-Sociatist feeling to whom
any charge againflt the Socialists is flOOd and servicable ·
so long as it supplies the moment's need.
And lastly by those idle-brained persons who do not
think for themselves but who merely shout what they
are told to shout.
·
Surely in all recorded history there has been no
such uni,·ersal outhUI'st of hypocrisy as now vents itsrlf against the Socialist Party.
The Paths of Glory
W
JIAT an ennobling t hing '\var is!
did it, but they were stark mad.
·Au Eng-lish newspaper gi,·es this account of
"They all go mad at a charge like that. You'd see
the Scots Gn'ys. in a sword attack on a troop of Ger- the queerest thing- like one of the Greys sticking his
man cavah·y:
.
man and a German sticking him on the other side, and
"They \\'l'nt right through the Uhlans, except in another Grey sticking the German.:_and the wnole
two o1· three eases wherr the horses go stuck together thing lik e a flash. Then · they clear away or all go
and two or three men were slashing away at one an- down and leave a dozen dead or mortally wounded,
other and then l>ursting free. I don't know how they 'writhing, cursil)g and praying there on the ground.''
�...
The Western Comrade
War Brides
'T liE
By SAMUEL C. MEYERSO
war brides were cheered with enthusiasm
and the churches were crowded when the large
wedding parties spoke the ceremony in concert."Press clipping.
War brides! Breeding mae hines for )!ammon!
What a mockery of all that is beautiful and sacred!
Savior of your (~ountry. indeed. Your country that
bids y.ou bl'ar childrC'n so that they can send your flesh
und blood to the earrion fields.
Mothers, what admirabl e ferti lizer these boys of
yours make. Boys whom yon ha\'e watched over so
1f•nd<•rly and rcar2d; boys whom you have clasped t(l
yonr loving hPat·ts, for whom you ha\'e toilrd endJ.:ssly
without tnLH'mur, without romplaint, finding your rc\rarcl in th1• innoc·ent smilr, in thr cuddl ing forms of
yout· dt•at· OJH'S, in thr puny hands seeking for th·~
lm•ast ; IHl~·s t'ot· wiHl!ll you hn \'<' stinted auJ starn·d,
\I'Ot'l'il•d and l'r1'!1NI- I'or what rnd ~
.
.
And you, sweet maidens, now that they have taken
your brothers and father and sweetbear
b c~me
Vllar Brides. Do your duty, ye.s, breed. muitiply tor
the cannon are waiting a.J!d the d vil mu t be fod!
What matters it if you are left to suffer alont• in
your labor, to . Watch anp \Vai't 'for the flickering life
which is already doomed T Whnt matter 'it if you ·have
COnCeived Without .!oYe and wHJ give birth to rour chil~
in tears and ago~y Y · wh~t ·matters it t hat your boy
will be born an orphao, or will hav(} nothing better for
a father than a m·aimed wreck, a wholesale murderer!
What does it aU matter \\·hen your cou~try bids you
breed! Oh, glorious patriQtisin!
Womt>n, I I'Uppo~e you ·.wcre consulten when \Var
was declared. No? .So it was ,not you who sanctioned
the de!lth agony of your dear ones, thC' ble('ding,
fC'~·cred, dying sl1adows of what onee were human hi'·
ings ? 1'hen do not condom• it by'· being War Brides.
Reichstag Rebellion
F
H0:\1 1!J,. llli 'Hf!P I' IIP\\' s 1hat is allowed to leak out
J'r·om 1ht• storm c·L•IItet· in Berlin , th e indications
at·r tlw Ot•rman Sot·ialists in tliP Hl'i<'hstng aJ'l• not so
dot·ile as 1ht• wor· ld has ht• <'ll It'd ·to hPiievc.
Lit>hkltet h1 's opt•n l'!'ht•llion against approp t·iatiug
t'urtlr f•t· funds is finding strong support among his tomt·ad!'s. Tire homhnstit SJH't't·h , of Fi11ance ~I inistct·
LC'ntze mndl' 110 · impression on t hl' Socialists. ThP siletwt• that t'ollowPd Lentzc 's statemt•nts ahout t he \rar
t•nt•ouragPd th P Sorialists.
Th e f-inmwr minister said: "Russin, England and
l·'ranc·e nt1:H·kPd us for thr put·posc of destroying us.
:-.levrt' wa s a pcacC'ful p eople more outmgeously at.
ta ck ed, so also ncvet· ha Ye out· enemies made such a
profound miscnlrulation. ''
Sam
•
He did not mention the case of Belgium.
Dr. Heydbrand, a conservative . leader, said the
Prussians demand unity of the entit·e people in regard
to th e war and declared that that unity would endure
··As in tht• fit·st hour.'· This statement was promptly
t·ha ll rngrd hy Lieblmecht, who declared the speaker
had no ri ght to speak in the name of the people.
Am(~ rit·an Socialists have been harsh in t heir critit·ism of t hei t· Gennan com rades and much of this is
due to thl' false and misleading statelll.ents given out
hy the govcrnmrnt and t he subsidized and censored
press. \Y t' may well await developments and rest assured ~oei a lists of Germany and of a ll Em:ope are alert
and will br ready for th e hour of their opportunity.-
G. E. B.
lS
GOMPERS says therr will he trouble when
SAl\fUEL
thr :mthoritic tart taking the homes away from
the Danbury workers on the $252,130 boycott damage
' 'erdiet again t thC' mrmbt•r. of thr t·nited Hatters.
If thi prediction should com<' true and there be
any di. turbnnce, it wont )}(' thr blood of Samuel or
an of the politirian of the t•xectitive <'ouneil .that will
be shed in the treet of Danbury.
Gomper and hi cohort. Yote and work for 'the
p<'rpetuation of a y tern that not only rob and ex-
Safe
ploits the wot·kers, but maintains the militia that will
shoot clowu the union hatters if they dare attempt resistance.
Evidently Lincoln's famous uttrrance about not
fooling all the people all of thr tim e does not apply
to the average craft unionist who supports the idle
parasitic ''leaders. ''
Is it not time for the workers 'to awaken to the
truth ? Why decry political unity for the toilers and
incite thrm to a hopele. s ,·iolence ?
�30
The Western Comrade
Poems of the Revolt
"Guerre a la Guerre"
B y F R E"[) E R I C K F R Y E
Around the war-spent world:~ wide rim,
Beneath the cannon-shaken skies,
Once more the battle-lines are flung,
Once more the hugle's lip has sung
Hands to the harvest, futile, gri~,
'E 'rc all war dies.
Once more the lean and singing sword,
Flooding the wodd· with death and flame;
A king 's hurt pride-the traders' goldSome vision of empire- as of old!
Murder and rapine, stalking, gaunt, ahroacl ,
In the Lord's name.
And afte1· them Disease, with lips
That writhe, and Famine, starved and stark .
The flower of manhood mown, while grain
Wastes down and rots beneath the rain,
And fields grow rich with blood that drips
And clots.-Bnt hark!
R IC KW ELL
Across the night a new star rings !
The measured tread of" unarmed men
Comes O:own the mind in e'!'ery land
Till granite cities shake like ·sand. ·
Again,~t the words and swords of kings
The might~er p en.
Against the bankers' greed of gold,
Agaip.st ·the needs of trade and gain,
'The silent Meek's conspiracy,
· Resistl(lss ~s the rising sea;
Till swor.d s are rust and scepters mould.
And ·wealth's power 's vain.
To arms! oh toiler~ of the world;
Workers with hand and tool and brain,
To arms against the common foe ;
Strike for yourselves the bloodless blow
That shall o;ne world-wide flag unfurl!
You have the world to gain!
Voice of the City ·
By _GERTRUDE WElL KLEIN
When midnight' has hung her mantle of stars,
Across the limitless sky,
And the moon reigns supreme in her domain wide,
There floats a somnambulant sigh.
Each time I have heard its ominous wail,
That rises on white-winged steed,
The breath of the city's inhabitants,
With its message of ''Speed,'' ever ''Speed.''
Light as the zephers that flirt with the trees,
Soft as the fallillg snow,
This is the Voice of the city of gold,
That speaks to the few who know.
Thus speaks the Voice o.f the city of gold,
At night when the speeders sleep,
"Hurry, now hurry, there's no time to dream,
Or think of life's wonders deep.''
4lways I wait for its eerie approach,
By shuddering fear oppressed,
Lest I should be counted unfit to hear,
The city voicing its quest.
For each moment that fli·es is more precious than gold
In our w~steful, speed-crazed life,
The whip of oppression unceasingly speeds,
The toil-ridden sons of strife.
If War is Right
By PARKE FARLEY
If war is right, then God is might
And every prayer is vain : .
Go raze your temples from the hills-:Red death is in the plain.
If war is right, then God is might,
And every prayer is vain:
Look not for Christ upon, the hills-He lies among the slain.
�e
mon
y
CA. L
G
~.
D
C
G
In e head. of .oldiers
JJ wy in tbe -~b Hid kills
(){ an straight fi ting:
DreaiJU go on.
Equanimity
By A.
F. GANXOX
Habi~H
W"birnpering for miJk or breadB calm.
Women wasting jn the clutch of dreadBe calm.
Men aHking juHti(·e and receiving lead-
Be culm .
Gumncn, squatted, shooting from a trenchBe <'ahn.
Htrik •r r; r·otting with a nasty stench-
Be ealm.
./u!itice, owl-like, robed upon the bench-
Be cnlm.
Children stri ,·ing in th e mill and mmeB calm.
·
I(!IPrs sipping at ambrosial wine-
Be ealm.
Workers shuffling in the
·Be calm.
'l'hnt sl('l'lWth with the Yipt'l' on my breast,
trange and loathed face,
'l'o ris d bauehed l1y lu ts that never rest.
'l'hnt lit•th down with
Ot• to the tr mbling ::u·m of leet·ing age,
' n ted iu all but frenzied, ghoul's de ire,
'fhat fe ds on m , ou m , ala that truck
Th rnnteh thnt flnm the imperishable fire.
Am I not
TlH~ ki
Am I not
'l'htlt run
I, -the elutdted of eYery hand
ed of ' ' ry wine-be odden lip T
I tl1 purned of early morn
at ''en before the laver· whip!
A w man I, or ranked among the beast
Th t range among the jungle' oorewsome deep T
~ong
bread line-
Paper lying as they have of y<lreBe calm.
Writers toiling like the boughten whoreBe calm.
·
GoYermnent gangrened at it very coreBe calm.
Preachers droning out without a qualm''Be calm,
Brethren, dear, in Gilead is BalmBe calm. ''
I say to you, and to your cursed calm:
''Oh, damn!''
The White Slave
.\ Jtll in I '''II k<', as f•·om the heds o.f IIell,
..
•
I f such am !- that I might to the wild
In she-wolf's lair to lay me down an·d sleep.
The hand that pours my liquor rules the town,
And sell the creeping drug that soothes my brain;
Y e men; that boast so loud iu every cup!
Can ye· be men that dance to such a $train?
You bed of straw where I was given birth!
You poverty; tny midwife and my nurse I
No girlhood ; never youth; just child and hag,
What was there left to add to such a curse T
Awaits you then that calm dead-reckoning day,
That's writ upon the angel's silent face,
T, that was fed to dogs, my flesh will speak,
.Accuse yon yet, yon mocking human race !
H.
�32
The Western Comrade
Need of the Hour
By JOSHUA WANHOPE
T
HERE have already been a thousand million words
of all sorts written about the war, and there will
be t en· thousand million more written afterward.
And if they were multiplied ten thousand million
times again, they would not save the working-elas
on1• s ingl1• pang of suffering from it, and they would
uot have tht• sli g hh•st effect in preventing war from
ot•t·tnrin!! a gain. And we Racialists add .our quota t o
f)H• ilrlllll'llSI' OlltpOUI'ing. ·w e 0\:Cr and OVer agaiJJ insist that th P fuudanwntal r ause -of th e war lies in th e
t•t·onomi•· systt•m, iu tlt t> t·apitalist mode of production.
And WP say that if th e peopl e und er·stood this, there
would have hPt·n no ,,·ar·. That is quit e true: hu t sayin g it is of no particular valu e hy itself.
Tht• capitalist systPm product•d the war, but unless
t ht· majority !mow it. and know it sufficiently we ir to
:t (·f upon t lw knowlt>d~t\ thP knowledge itself is of no
and do .what in you lies to teach others all you have
learned, and to do th;lt, you will need ever to learn
more.
If tb re is orie th~~- more certain than another, it
~s that t~is JVar ~as d-e'm onstrated clearly. ~ow little the
mass of us, after all, know. about Socialism. We can
US('.
But to know that. is to know Socialism. If a hundr·l'd million rwopll' had knowu Soeialism and known
it w!'JI •mough to ad upon it, tht·re would have heen
no war.
Tntt• a:,:ain. And if th ey know it after· this, tht•r·e
will lw rro war· to Iedlow this oriP. That will he tht•
end of all wnr·s.
All this may sP<'Ill tr·ite, hut it leads up_to the quest ion we want to ask. \ V•hat do YOU know about So•·ialism ?
Do ' you know t•nough ahout it, so that i[ all peopl e
\\' PI'<• Iik e you, 1ht•t'<' would he no mor·r war ~ .1\ rc you
qnitP surP you do ? Tf you arc, then what is yout' first
duty?
Why, to teach others \Vhat you know, so that all
mny learn how to make war impossible.
And if you don't know eno~gh, what then 1 Why
then, your first duty is to know more about Socialism .
That if\ what we wanted to say . The great, the
pressing need for all of us, is to know Socialism ; to
Pducn:te ourselves; to l<eep on learning, for there is no
limit to knowledge. rever was that need great er than
"
now .
Yo.,t can talk from now until doomsday about the
war; you can argue and wrangle with your neighbor·
about it until the crack of doom. You may take any
side or no side or all sides,' but it will make no difference. The war will continue. And there will be other
wars after it ceases.
The thing to do right now is to learn all you. cari,
Hrookl)·n Eagle.
"Hello! Made in Germany!"
throw bricks at the Germans, the English and others,
but th ey are boomera~gs that come back and hit ourselves. W c may think we know what we would have
done had w e been in their pl~ces, but that is after all,
only conceit. l t is doubtful if we know one whit more
about Socialism than they do.
So while the war proceeds, the one great and pressing duty of the occasion is to Jearn all we can about Socialism- we can never learn too much- so that when
next the capitalists attempt to turn their hell-blast
loose, it shall not fall upon us, as it assuredly will if ·we
lack the knowledge-which is power-to frustrate it.
�The Western Comrade
33
The Menace of Child Labor
I
N a speech on child labor
Miss Whiting, representing
the Child Labor Committee
· of New York State, said that
every year there arc on an
average about 1:!,000 l'hildren leaving school to seek
5000 vacant positions and
that this average shows how
vast a number haYt· to wan,
der about the strr<>ts looking
for work whirh thP~· ill'<' unable to find.
"Pupils who It-an· st·hool
heforr g-raduating.·· shr· t·ontintH'd, '' PSpt·c·ially those 1111dcr thP ag<>s of 16, usually
entrr tliP fiP]d of unskillc·d
Ia bor at low \\' H f.!I'S and rt•rnain tlierP tlit• r·Pst of tlil'ir·
life. This is dnc• to lad' of
rn<'ntal training- and sornt•Disinherited Childhood
times to impropc•r· pliysind
dHelopment.
TIH•y
oft l'll
ll'andPJ' fr·om orw job to anotiH·r he('aust• thPy an· una hie· to stic:k to one long e·nough to make any headway.
"But not only dOl' s !!Oing to wor·k impclh• progr·ess in business, it often impairs the health. The death
rate amon!! thP \\·orkPrs is far g-r<>atcr than among tht· nonworkers- the chief cause being consumption .
"vVorsP than all is thP had efft•ct 011 the morals of the c·hild. l\lore working children go wrong than nonworkers. l\lorc working- ehildrrn . arP a nested and brought before the Children's Court than school children .
This is largely due to the bad associations form rd.·'
Last Line of Defense
•
B y W I L L I A ;\1 E. B 0 H N
B ORDEH
towns arc heing taken and retaken. A
few yards of trenches arc fought over· till they
nrr covered with O<'ad again and again. Fir·st tlw Hussians drive wrstwal'd nnclthrn the Germans <lt·i•:e castward. Jlnndreds of thousands fall and notlriH!~ is
l!aincd for Pitlrer· sfclr.
But this is not what a Soc·i11list has his <'Y~' on. \\"hat
\\' l' ar·e watPhing for now is thr l'ractiol' against war.
,\nd it is COJIIing fastPr than vic·tory for Pither· sido.'."
Th e last lin~ of drl't·n<>e is madt' up of thosr who ar't!
doing the work at home. I\'o hymns writtr11 to tlH:rn,
hut they bear tht• hnnrt of work a11d woe. ln i.~aris
women are working fol' a franc· a day. Children a1·c
<·xp l~ited as t hC'y ha Yc not hr r n for fifty years. ln
Fr·anc·e th r govP-rnrnPnt ,;pcms to he doing less th·m
· ··l<>cwhere to keep conditions tolPrahle. Their soldier·s
;q·t- sent to do work for w!JiPir ,.j,·ilians would r eceive
r·t•al wagc!S. But everywlwrc rnrn and women are un('mploy<'d in tr•~mrndous nuntlwrs: Jn London, Paris,
BPr·lin, Vienna and Lodz the talc is th e same. And
c>vcrywherc wHgcs arr being for<'rcl down. 'l'he Gerlt1ans, HS usual, show superior· power of qrgan\zation.
(; ennan em ployprs · Hssociations ha ve shpwn wonderful c>ffiei('n!'Y in thr <'ase and ~pred with whi<:h they
haY!' e han ged their tn!•thods aiH] products to suit the
war eonditions. Btit the cost of living is going up uud
the wagPs arr going down.
Tht'n' i:; a story goi11g the t'01illds of an Irish re;iment that went on strilw hc·ellnSP pay was withhPld
and fot)d was not np to the r<>quirrmrnts. · And a Ger·man union man writr·s horne that n good many or his
~ocialist comradc•s ?.l'l' with him. They are earrying
on a· c<'asclrss pr0paganda, he s11ys, Hnd many r. r•w
Socialists will r:om!' ·out of thr war
�The Western Comrade
34
l
Fear· of Russian Invasion
By THOMAS C. HALL, D. D.
P-:!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
HE wnr in Europe breaks in upon many
Yisions of both the Christian and the
Hoeialist.
Immediately the._ questio
'
a1'1srs : Did German Socialists give up
t hrir intcr·national character; surrender
th eil· doetrinc of th e class struggle, and
thei1· visions of a d emoc ra'ti~ state, wh en
thp~· joiJH'(l hands with feudalism and the
hourgPoisP in dPfl'nse of tlwi1· particul~r country ? To
aus\\'l'r this quPstion we must t ry and look at th e war
ns it aprwars to til( • GPrman S<H·ialjst in the hc·gin~ing
of tlw stm ggiP.
No ~oPialist is eommit1Pd to any doctJ·ine of absolute non-r('sistauf'e. K11 rl -:\1 arx would Ita vc . gladly
<·mhroil<·d (Jpr·man_,. in a var· with Hussia when Russia
was struggling- with her· autocracy, in onlPr to free
Hussia from that f1•udal tyranny. Today, as Socialism
has no sud1 following as would ena ble eo-oper-atiou
among Socialists to pa1·alyze the military machin ery of
all th1• Htr-uggling nat ions, a passin• r e,·olt in Gct·rnany
whl'll th<· \\' HI' hrok1· out would simply lwve r esulted,
so ra·r· as SlH'('{'SSful. in the land hf'ing O''('lTUn by Hussian I'OSfHI!'ks. Tot h<· last thr German Soeialists raised
tlH•iJ• ,·oi(·(•s -aga in st all war, and .a str·ong- minority
hlaml'd th e had diplomacy that, they clainlPd. hound
tlu•Jn to Aust1·ia without pow<'t' to effici<•ntly control the
f·o ndu d of ,\w;tria. Dr·. L<'ibkn cc ht is, uml<• r·stood to
sti ll takP that position: ht'tt for them the real enPmy
" ·as Bussia. No par·ty in Gt•rmany dirl r Pally desire
war· at this t inw. Germany 's alliancPs wer.(' in bad
worl<i11~ order, ll lHl from th e naval point of virw
enough ships wer·e not r eady (they 11eve1· are! ) . It is
sHfP to say. wr rPprat, that for one reason ot· another,
somr good, some less so, no political party in Germany
wanted war at this time.
WhHt then happPncd ? It was the irrPsistihlr proof
of th r intentions of th(' Russian oligarchy that d ec- idl'd
Her·y Gernlfln Sorialist to a man to support thr Em.
peror until war was over. 'l'hey snl'l'endered not one
of th ei t· principles, proclaiming th em to thP last: hnt
simply saying as over against tlw tr·inmph of a hr·utal ,
individualistic Asiatic oligar--chy, thr soeial'organiza.
tion of Germany cannot he sacrificed. Social Democracy has 110 qual'l'cl with the Russia of Tolstoy Ol' with
the Russian prasantry. But .the ,Jew baiting, dishmwst
and con·upt oligarchy that holds down every honest
aspiration for t·eligious and political freedom anrl does
it in the name of an ttll egPd Christian Church, is thr
worst enemy that the Russian people have, anrl . the.
triumph of thr "Allies" would he the salvation of the
T
Autocracy' from the revolution otherwise inevitable.
Nor bas the entry of England into the war done,
aught but confirm the wisdom of this action. England
openly fights Germany, .a ccording to the r eally national
defenders pf ·h er poilcy,' on the ground of capitalistic I
t error of a commercial competi-tor. The hypocritical
pretences about. Belgi~n neutralfty is merely " 'Colonial
dope," as it is call<:'d in Lon?on clubs. • • •
Not at present is Social . Demoet·acy fac iug any
difficult decision. Lif-e and death are at stake, and
military discipline, like all disciplin e, Hen a Party
discipline, demands some sacrifices. But the trust the
Social Democracy ·best?woo upon th e Go\·ernment has ,
been repaid by a new attitude of the governing classt·s
to Social Democracy . . After · the war many questions
will await a settlement, and · ~truggle fo r political powt•r
will again begin, · but Social Democracy will ha \ "l'
~mined a hearing tliat cannot easily again be lost, and,
t IH' life· of Germany will be incr easingly democratie
after th e war. l\lodern warfare weakens the possessing
class out of all proportion to its numbers, and all lands
will see a turning to th e · pr-ol~tariat for r ecuperation.
'l'h P State SocialiRm of today in Germany is not demo- .
<·ratic- Socialism, hut in effl eiency it is ·a long way ahead'
of th e anarchic eompetition for· the food supply whil'h
it is displacin g. And never will any community that
has enter ed upon social organization in such a bold
manner and with such success turn again to capitalistir
competitive chaos.
One of the r easons the vulgali rich of Amet·iea are
bitterly anti-German is that this social organization is
a. success and is a menace to private monopoly. State
ownership, for instance, of railways is not social dl'mocrary, but they think it is, and know that it is a
SII('Cess in Grrmany. and that its measure of suceess
thn•a tl'ns their monopoly.
ThP ~o c ialists of Belgium eomplain hitterly of what
they r('gard as th eir !)('trayal of their Socialist ,comr·adPs in Germany. But one of the things that eouYinced the Soeiali'lts that they were fighting a conRpirary against Gt>rmany was the overwhelming proof
that sin ce 1906 Belg-inm and France have secretly conspir·erl with Englanrl against Germany. Had Belgium
nnd England gone openly to Germany and said, "Here
arr our plans if yon attaek us; will you enter with us
on similar military plans should F·r ance attack you f' "
then Germany would have felt safe as in 1870. But
th<' plans were secrPt jug-handled military measures
which expos~d Germany at any moment to a flank attack on her most Yulnerable side.
�The Western Comrade
35
Moreover, Belgium has been steadily incited against or even socially advanced countries. They cannot be .
Germany for some time. Only a year ago a wealthy while despotically ruling great ·colonial empires. · Eng-·
German told me he had stopped going to the Belgian land expl_o its India and as long as colonies are exploited
coast where he had gone for years because of the grow- democracy is a farce. With Ireland at her .doors and
ing hostility to the Germans. The French press carried on her con cience, England cannot claim to be the
on a distinct campaign of abuse and misrepresentation. divine protector of "small nationalities." Italy is
Belgium feared Germany. The old individualistic engendering crude ;and anarchistic typN Socialism
household industry
by pandering to
still maintained itcolonial expansion.
self in Belgian disShe .has no right to
tricts. And in these
lecture G e r m a n
ristricts Uerrnariy's
"militarism" or to
wholesale factory
view Germany's .
competition was searmy as less demoriously felt; and
cratic t h an h e r
this hred ill-feeling
own. And all talk
ano jealousy. l\Ien
about pacific France
horn in Antwerp,
is m o o n s h i. n e.
ano
w e Il-k n o w n
France has linked
•>
thrre, but of Gerherself with the
man blood, were
worst elements in
murdered and their
Russian life wheq
houses w r c c k e d
she sold out to the
npon the opening of
Autocracy and fithe war.
nanced the represT he
Socialism
sion of•the Revolualso of both France
tion, and the estabRnd Belgium, like
lishment of .capitlllistic exploitation.
that of Italy, "as
111'\"CJ' cleared itself
It is all vain to
of the individualsay Socialist curistic clement that
rents are running
find hrtter r.xpresin the life of Russion in anarchy.
·sia. A triumphant
And the feeling for
autocracy with a
rountry and group,
victorious a r m y
will dam t h o l!i e
however domina.n t
in all parties, is in
streams for years
to come and. disnermany far more
tract the proleof an organizing
" My be loved .subjects!
I am rem i ndi ng y ou of the many and gr eat
factor in its life.
blessings that you have rece ived f rom me. I expect that
tariat by visions of
you w i ll obey the call to ar ms w ith rapture."
It is doubtful if Soconquest in Persia,
Lustlge Bl£etter.
India and Asia
cial D~mocracy in
Germany would have gone into the war had it only :\lino1·. Even since the wiu broke out the Autocracy h_as
been with France and England. But for Germany the trampled on the last liberties of Finland, in spite of all
war was from the beginning the outcome of the Rus- protest~tions and promises, and is even now carrying
sian aristocracy's long cherished plan to attack Austria on persecution of Jews and patriots in the Ukraine.
ana Germany just as soon as she thought she had a ·with a triumphant English capitalism exploiting the
good chance for success. The hour struck, and, re.al- seas and mastering the commerce of the world without
izing the issue, Social Democracy to a man entered a rival; and Russian autocracy mastering Europe and
upon the war as one of national self-defense against exploiting Asia, Socialism, though sur~ one day to
autocratic feudalism and commercial capitalism. And come, would he postponed for generations. Russian
autocracy would prevent the spread of education and
the Socialist majority still hold this position.
:Moreover, England and France are not democratic propaganda and prevent the awakening of the workers.
�=36
The Western Comrade
1
Original Sin
'
I
By LUKE NORTH
A
TTEl\fPTR mere-ly to reform, rearrange any of m?-tically, all the thought that flows through the mind
th~ existing institutions of christendom are fu-to which is s~bjected all the impulses that result
ti!P, heeausc each of them is has<>d on the concept of in self-con::roiousriess or awareness.
Original :::lin. The child comes into -the world as the
So loni,. as this concept of Original Sin remains in
result of deadly sin and in a foul, unclean manner. th~ popul~r corpprehension it will reflect itself in those
Theis is it written in the old church hooks, not so very christian institutions . of state, chttrch, gallows, and
old <>ither-and all the judges, lawyers, detectives, militarism any reformation of which . ~·ill amount to
Pl<>r{!y with tireir gallows, chaius, ·dungeons, and whips nothing more• than intensification of their inherent
arP the outgro\\·th, thP rlPvelopment, th~ anipli.f ication • cr~eltiea. ·
Only the .b ig truth:_and for this era the most imand n·fincment of the pee·nliat:Jy christian tenet that
tlw sN·ond impuls£> in sentient nature is shameful portant truth_:_that:\Tnn i~ God, the only God, each hi:;
and depr·avcd and all its ·fruit inherently evil-until own God; in.h erently and potentially self-sufficient, hy
f<anl'tifird hy th£> ~;orrerirs of the church--or governed nature more .kind than unkind, instincti vrly greg:u·ious and religious; ,,is nati,·e impulses tr·ending upwar·d .
hy statute.
DPtertives, judg<·s, hangm<>n, and clergymen are toward tire light,· toward an ever increasing refinement ;
maintainrd by :wd for the exploiters of human life- all h'is element's ancl thP.ir functions nrit hf'r g~od nor
to k('Pp wagf's down-hut they would not follow thci1· evi l, but natur~l and necessaryOnly as . this truth permeates human _consciousness
firndish Ol'<·npations, nor· would the exploited millions
'inhmit to thPir tortur<·s w<•rr~ it not for· this basic eou- ~.nct drives out th(· d.,adPnlng christian dogmas of exrept of Original Sin which is pounded into th<• <·on- .temal dPity (author·ity) and original sin, is there reasciousrH•ss of cv<>ry <·hr·istian child, so that it has heeonw sonah lp hop<' for a <l(•<·<·lltPr and kinder \\orld.- -E\'Prya fixrd meutrtl ruold through which is. run, quitp auto- man.
-The Great Socialist
By MAX EASTMAN
T
IIE solitary vptc of Karl J~iebknecht in the German Reiehstag against the war credits is to me
the greatest C\'Pnt of the war·. lie was denied tlw
privilege of spt>aking upon his vote or of having a
<;tatcrncnt printed in the offi(·ial n'eol'll, or puhlislwd
in thP German prrs>~. But it was puhlishPd in a Dutrh
8or·ialist daily, and .has he<'ll tnmslatPd into English.
r fJUOte from th~· Nt>w York Call:
"My vote against th e war credit is based upon thf'
follo,ving considPr·atiom:
"This war·, which nonp of the pcoplrs <·ngagl•d
the~ein has wished, is not l'allsl'Cl in the intPr<·st of the
prosperity of th; G<>rmnn or :my other nation. This
is an imperia listic war, a war· for the domination of
the wor·ld mar·krt , for· thP political.. domination onr
_ important fi elds of operation · for inuustrial and ba.nk
(·apital. On tlw part of thP romprtition in armaments
this is a war tlllllually fostrrcd by ·acrman and Austr·ian wa t· pnr·ties iu th e darknPss of half absolutism
and sec·rrt diplom ary in ordrr to steal a march on the
adversary.
"At th e same tim<:> this war is a Bonnpartistic effort
to lilot out the growing labor movement. This has
been demonstr;1trd with rYer-iircreasing plainness in
the past few months, in spite of a deliberate purpose
to confuse thf' hPads.
''The German ;notto, •• Against Czarism; as well as
1ht• pr<·SPilt Eng-Iish· :mil Ft·Pnch cries, 'Against l\'Iilitari!';m , · ha n thP th•liherate purpose of bringing into
plrry in hPhalf of r:t"t' hatrl'd the noblest inclinations
nnd t h!' r<·volntio11nry fPPling-s and ideals of the peoplP.
To (lt•r•uany. th<• at•t•ollrpli!'c of Czarism, an rxample
of polit!tal h:lf'lnrardnf'ss down to the preseht day,
does not lwlong tht• t·allin~ of thr liberator of nations
The liberation of thl' Hussian as Wl'll :-t'> the German
p<'ople should he thPir own task.
"'l'his war· is not a Genuan dPfPnsp war·. Its histor·it·al charact er and it<; d<>velopmeut thus far make. it
impossihle to tru<;t the• assN·tion of a capitalistic go\·rrmncnt that the pur·po'i<' for which credits are asked is
th e dPfensP of tlw fatherland.
"The c·reclits for SIH'COJ'. havp my approval, with the ,
ui1derstanrlin g that the· asked amount seems far from
being sufficient. Not less eagerly do I vote for ~very
thing that will alleviate fw hard lot of our brothers
in the firlrl, as well as tha.: of the wounded and the
�'•.
The Western Comrade
37
sick, for whom I have the deepest sympathy. Bu.t I Intelligence and the knowledge of truth do survive in
do vote against the d emanded war credits, under pro- a few hearts, and when the time comes, when all these ·
tf'st against the war and against those who are re- millions of animal activities have spent and wrecked
sponsible for it and hf ve caused it, against the capital-" · themselves-in the. quietness of devastation, they will
istic purposes for wh ch it is being used, against the issue forth and begin their sacred work again.
annexation plans, ag!\.inst the violation of the Belgian
But in our fribute to Kar.l I~iebknecht mu.st lie also
and Luxembm:g neut ·ality, against the unlimited au- a tribute to thousands qf Getman citizens who stand
thority of rulers of ';ar and against the negleQt of with him. They are fe"\V" at this hour, by comparison
social and political dm ies of whi(·h the government and · with the mass, and perhaps their function for a while
the ruling classes st an j convicted.
is to store ari,d preserve the' iruth-"unto the d&y"' ' KARL LIEBKNECHT.
rather than fight for it.
"Berlin, December 2, 1914.. n
And yet who··knows f We may see the rebellion· of
With so many millions acting from mere instinct Liebknecht 's followers in spring, 9r when the summer
and social suggestion, W f' (:an only greetl these solitary levies and the ~ew campaign hegin. Are we· ready to
evidences of intrlligcnt judgment with a ·sad reverence. do our part ?-T~e Masses. ·
·
What
,
•
lS
Socialis.m? ·
By JESSIE WALLACE HUGHAN, Ph. ·D.
world is gl'tting so full of arguments for and
T .HEagainst
So('ialism and of expositions concerning
,·ar·ious phast>s of th e subj ect, that it is well for the
student to hHve at his tongue's end th e simple facts
as to what So<·ialism is.
To begiu with fairly well-known negatives, Socialism does not stand for "dividing up, " fot· equality of
in come, for· amn·t h ism, for hostility to religion, the family, or the flag, fot· violence or for an impossible transformation of human nature.
Furthermore, Socialism is not a creed, a sentiment,
or a code of personal ethics, and it is something more
than a philosophy, an ideal, or f1 party. It is movement, primarily a political movement, though closely
allied to the economic struggle of the unions; a movement of the working class, though in it are numbered
many individuals from the capitalist class who have
chosen to range themselves on the side of labor.
The Socialist Movement is founded upon the philosophy of Marx and Engles, which teaches that economic
relationships are fundamental in society; that when
these relations outgrow the social forms that are based
upon them, a revolution, p eaceful or otherwise, is inevitable; that su'<:J h a revolution is now maturing on
the one hand , through the conscious struggle of the
working class to obtain the whole product of their labor,
a
'
and on the other by the automatic concentration of industry which can end o.nly in social ownership.
The aim of Socialis~, therefore, is to work in harmony with these social forces for the establishment of
a new commonwealth, of which this shall be the essential c.haracteristie- the ownership by society of the
principal means of production and distribution and
their democratic management With a view to the a.boli~ ·
tion of exploitation. He who eonsciously promotes this
. aim is a Socialist, whether or not he accepts the philosophy upon which it is based. It is recognized, however, that the realization of the ideal must come; not
all at once, but only as the outcome of economic development, and that a transition period, whether long
or short, must ·needs inte.rvene.
The movem~nt is international, as -well as politic&!,
existing in every civilized . country as an organized
party; seeking to capture the control of society through
the ballot. In the United States the Socialist Party,
with the now negligible Socialist Labor Party, is the
accredited representative of the international movement on the politic-al field. It has banded the working
class into a permanent organization, distinct from all
other political parties, which, while others have risen ,
fallen and divided, has continued its nninterrupt_ed.
growth until it has become a force to be reckoned with.
A New D'octor General
G
ENERAL VO HINDENBURG has received the
degree of Doctor of Divinity. by the Prussian University of Konigsberg, because he has " Taught the
youth of East Prussia that the God of Battle still lives.''
Some of the youths of East Prussia have not survived the general 's teaching. In fact, over 100,000 of -
them are beyond reach of their distinguished teacher.
'l'his new and eminent divine might well be given
an A.B. by some packing house university. He bas
splendidly qualified as a butcher . His record of 140,000
Russians killed in one month, at the expense of 100,000
Prussians, seems .to eminently fit him for this honor.
�/
3'8
The Western Comrade
Crisis of the Hour
By A . . M. SIMONS
T
HE Socialist )lovement of America, and of the will never give support to a rna .1 or a party that i
world, is passing through by far the greatest afraid to face the truth.
A young party, a growing party, a minority party,
crisis in its ~istory. On the way that situation is met
a
party
that cannot offer politic ;il plums, must be a
depends the answer to the question of whether .i_t shall
crusading·
party-a party _with a mi sion that arouse
be a crisis preceding a collapse and complete reorenth~iasm and persona.l devotior . We had this once.
ganization, or whether it shall he an opportunity risen
We must gain. it once more or d~appear.
to and seized by which . Socialism shall . become in* * *
finitely stronger in the immediate future. The world is ready ~o~ a crusade against militari m
In this country the combined effect pf the war, ·
and capitalism and the patriotism. that ends in murder
widespread unemployment, high_ pri<!es, ·the flat colfor greed. Socialism must be the inspiration of tllat
lapse of progressivism and ~eneral triumph of reaction
crusade.
over radicalism, has creatNl a situation which must
The Socialist Party ·can have the splendid mission
end with a mighty impulse toward Socialism. Whether of organizing and leading t~t moYement if it dares
the Socialist Party will be the political expression now to stand as it stood when it was a crusading force
ofihat impul!:w depends upon what we do during the in American life.
nr·xt few weeks.
This does not mean the adoption of '' impossibilism,'' '' syndica lisni,' ' · ''I. ·W. W. 'ism'' or even the ac* * *
The war has been the touchstone that has brought ceptance of the sor~ ·o f "smart Aleck" eriticism of
all our weaknesses into prominence. One of those certain supposedly intellectual literateurs, whose an.
weaknesses has been shown to be a cowardly tendency tics have been partly responsible for the reaction that
to apologize for our own mistakes. We once boasted has led us to reject even what was good in their
of our "self criticism," and it was our strongest se- criticism.
rurity against error. Now we are inclined to believe
It does mean that we should recognize that the main
in our own infallibility and as a result arc much less function of the Socialist Party today, a:nd for several
infallible.
·
days yet to come, is vigorously to criticise capitalism
The war has show.t;~ that wherever we made a com- and hold up a standard to be attained when we shall
promise with capitalism, we inoculated our movement really enjoy power. It means that we l!lhould quit
with an infection that is now developing i~to a serious asking for votes on the ground of our superior adminweakness. W c made friends with nationalism and istrative ability (which we do not possess), of our
patriotism and are now washing out the sin in oceans greater anxiety to lower taxes (wqich it would be a
of blood. We compromised with the beast of militar- bad thing to possess), of our nationalistic patriotism
ism and he is now devom·ing us by hundreds of thou- ( ef which we should be ashamed) or of any of the other
sands. ·
vice-s we have adopted from capitaliSID:.
It means that we should not be afraid to draw the
We collected votes as we collected dues and now
dues and votes are both slipping away. We tried to lessons of this war frankly, opf'nly and unreservedly,
swap principles for popularity and, like the dog cross- and should prepare to change our tactics nationally
ing the stream, lost both the substance and the shadow. and internationally to accord with the lessons we
The :first th}ng to do is to recognize these facts and may learn.
•
quit being cowards. "The Lord hates a coward" is
These a!'e largely generalities. I ean be as specific
an old Yankee saying and in this regard the voice of as desired. So can most of us. It is not knowledge
the people is certainly the voice of God, for the masses we lack, but courage.- Ameriean Socialist.
The Cost of a Rich Man
A
T the smallest average for the making of a single rich man we make a thousand whose lifelong is one flood of misery. The charnel houses of
poverty are in the shadow of the palace, and as one
is splendid, so is the other dark, poisonous, degraded.
How can a man grow rich except on the spoils of another's labor¥ His boasted prudence and economy,
what is it but the most skillful availing himself of their
!Jecessities, most resolutely closing up his heart aga'inst
their cries to him for help 1-Froude.
�The Western Comrade
39
The Poor Savage of Civilization
poor ignorant savage ventured
pnt a few
T HEquestions
to the pious missionary who wished to
to
save him from his . benighted condition, and to confer
upon him th:e benefits of civilization.
"You say that I should workY"
''Yes, certainly, my good brother. Satan finds evil
for idle hands to do!''
"Who is Satan?'·
" He is the devil. ..
"Does he li\'C· in .''OUr country,
the11 ?"
"Alas, my sinful friends, he
Jives <·n·r·ywhrre, '· said the Good
:\Tan.
' · \\'l'll, he ·s nen•r done me any
harrn, · · sa iJ the sa ,·age, •<t so I
tl:in k J 'J IJ\'tt et· sta? as I am."
":'\o. uo," nirtl th e Good M:an.
"Your· Jjj',. of idlenrss is wicked."
' ·Do all th1• p••opl e work in your
rountry !'' a'lkl'd tht• savage.
'' Y<·s. ''
" \\'ork hard ?''
" l ' m, e, most of them."
' '.\nd an• all those who work hard quite happy 1"
"Er, no,' ' rcpliP<l the missionary; hesitatingly.
"Why is th at?''
" \Vl'l l, you see, th<•rr is a g reat deal of poverty,"
the Good Man explained.
'' What! Among those who wot·k hard ?'' asked the
poor s1n·age in surprise.
"Yes, it is indeed so," admitted th e Good Man.
"Then I suppose those who do no work at all have
an awfully bad time?"
' ' \Yell, no. As a matter of fact, they are so rich
that they need not " ·ork."
'l'he savage mused in silence for a time.
"What do you mea n by poverty ?" he asked.
"Not havi~ enough to eat nor good houses to liYc
in," th e missionary explained.
"Why is that? Is th ere a scarcity of food in your
land 1"
"N-o," said th e Good Man, slowly; "there is
plenty of" food, but don 't you understand, they are
poor, and have littl e money, so, of course, cannot buy
much food, nor afford nice houses."
'' But I think you said they worked very hard, ''
said the poor savage with patience at the other 's stupidity. '
.
"Yes, that is so.''
" Why do th{'y work so hardY"
"To get mon y to buy food," replied the mi 9nary with a touch of impatience at the other stupidity.
"Well, why don't they buy the food T ' said !Jle
savage. "Do th.e y ~e being llungryT"
" Of cour e not, but they don't earn enough. u
"And· yet they \vor~ .as hard a they can, I
supposet" ·
"Yes."
The savage pondered before he poke again. " On
this island," he said, "I do not have to work .to. any
extent, and when I'm hungry I take my f~od from the
trees or the sea. By the way, what do you call your
country 1"
·
''Civilization,'' replied the Good Man, blushing
•
slightly.
" I don't think it would be good for me if your
customs were introduced here,'' said the poor savage
thoughtfully. "You will pardon me, sir, if I ·say that
I think that your country is a fool of a place. Good
afternoon . . Mind the snake. "-Brisbane Worker.
Buriden, the scholastic, said that if a hungry donkey was placed between two bundles of hay of the
same size and equal distance apart in ·every respect
and equally distant from him, he would starve, not
being able to · decide hetwecn them. How long will
the working class continue in the attitude of Buriden's
ass T How long will the hungry waver between direct
action and political action and .take no action f
EXTRA-"Thirty-five thousand Killed in battle" that 's glory!
LATEST-" Eighteen-year-old boy hanged for killing chum' '-he was a murderer!
·
�l
40
The Western Comrade
Worship Up to Date
By UPTON SINCLAIR
"SHERIFF l\IAX GRIFENHAGEN has been appealed to by several clergymen for protection
against any possible bomb outrages, and in response to
these appeals he has already enrolled the head ushers of
six churches as special deputy sheriffs, with the right ~o
carry arms while on duty in the churches to which they
are attached. rrhe churches whose ushers have obtained
deputy sheriff's badges are St. Stephen :S, . on East
Twenty-eighth street; St. Patrick's Cathedfal, the Fifth
AvenUI~ Presbyterian Church, tlie Rivington Street
Synagogue, the Church of the Incarnation, and the
Church of St. ~tanislaus. "-New York World.
.Jesus, lover of my soul,
( \\' ondl'r if my pistol shows! )
(.,et me to thy bosom fly,
(Sticking out behind my clothes!)
While thr nearer waters roll,
(Coat-tails hanging in the way! )
And the tempest still is high.
(Couldn't get it quick in play! )
IIide m<', 0 my Savior, hide,
(Wonder if that chap's Bouck Whitr !)
Till the storm of life. is past:
(He got out of jail last night! )
Safe into Thy haven guide( If that fellow tries to speak )
0 receive my soul at last!
(Throw .him out upon his beak!)
Othel' refuge have I none(Six dE!teetives in the · choir!)
· Hangs 'my helpless soul on Tqee;
(Police Headquarters on the wire! )
Leave,..ah !. leave 'm e not alone_:_
(See that c~ap in red necktie! )
Still support a.nd comfort me.
( Ghid that copper's standing by! )
All my trust . in Thee is stayed,
(Could that hand-bag hold a gun?)
.All .my he.lp'from Thee I hring:
. (Gee ! This · ushering 's no fun !)
Cover rriy ·defenseless head
· (God .Alm.ighty! What ,\ras that?)
·with the shadow of Thy wing.
(Feather in a woman's hat! )
Wilt Thou not regard my call 1
(Jesus Christ! A bomb at last! )
Wilt Thou ·not ~egard my prayer?
(No, it was a subway blast! )
Lo! I sink, I faint, I fall( Damn all anarchists to hell-er-)
Lo ! on Thee I cast my care. ·
(Good morning- Mr. Rockefeller!)
A Christian Audienoe
A
T THE initial exhibition of a twelve-reel feature
motion picture . in a Los Angeles theater the
three thousand persons present wildly applauded
the character portraying the part of the assassin
who presently slew an atrociously made up
Abraham Lincoln. They applauded all the murders
and ta brutal lynching scene came in for cheers and
shouts of approval. When the mutilated body of a
negro was thrown on a doorstep there was a demon-
stration of joy. The group murders were met with
expressions of satisfaction and admiration. The people who packed the auditorium were similar to any
other American theater-going group. In fact they were
representatives of the ordinary "refined" cultured
Christian people.
We know they W<'re good peoplr. because they applauded God when he appeart>d in a "melt-in-and-.melt- .
out" in the last part of the picture.
Fine . For the Secretary
C
ONGRESS has anpropriated money to purchase for
the use of the honor~ble the Secretary of Labor
several ·automobiles, including one brougham, one
cabriolet, one opera bus and one touring car. . Now if
Congressman Mann will put over another one providing
one steam yacht, a ninety-foot sailing sloop and a couple of speed launches Sec~etary Wilson will be able
to uphold the dignity of his position as protector of
the poor proletarian. What labor really needs is 'the
dignity and poise that these things bring.
�One Born Each
· ote
THURSDAY, Friday, Saturday the
new..,apers flare forth with
of the diseovery of led es of
r•Jatinum and palladinm-''Worth
three tim~ as much as gold" in the
wonderful field just discovered in
,;tori~
S'e,•ada. .
Sunday's papen; l·ome out with a
llifC lmlaHh and add to the list coppt>r, iron. )£>ad, ;;:inf· and cinnabar.
Ew•ry vari,·t.y of 1nu~ker bait known
to (nkert;. Hight on the same page
•·mnt•H t lu• rt•al el!tatc• grafter selling
town Jot11 for *;,o eac~h. Thousands
of vidim11 will lw trimmed and
poliHIII'd to a hard-oil finish. Verily
1 twrc• i11 orw hont E'\'c•ry minute.
Their Struggle for -Freedom
The Puni ti vc Expedition
L. Gutierrez de Lara and_Edgc~h Pinchon
Read tbe Correct Interpretation 'of ~de.rlyin.g o
in th
.Most R~~arka!>le and V aln hle Book of !)le Y a.r
Th:e Mexica_n People---By- .
TJJE !-;,.,.,.ian tr·oops have been
~
harnm c~ring
thr Hungarian army ·
into a disorgauiJ.rd pulp and as a
consequenc·r thl' threatened invasion
of th e Cznr'R hordes has cau sed great
ala rm iu HndapN!L Th e cry is going
np from Ilnngar·y that th<• Ger·mans
anc1 Austr·ians ha\'e deserted them.
lllllll-{llr·inn m•wspapc>r·s YOi('e th eir
pr·ot rHfH, and ont· of them at ll'ast
OJWrtly 1wrusc•s th<• KaisPr with drainiug 1he• t•otmtt·y of troops to defend
Pr11Hsia and RilPsia.
'l'lw nrti<·lt• winds np with the
t•n t her nn i \'<' st•n1'rnt·t•: "People of'
rwn t r·n I (•onntr•it•s ht•li<'\'e that we arc
too wPak 1111d too Pll<'r'Yated to fig ht
out· own hat tlc•s H<'n against the
~rr·viuns, although thP expedit ion we
uud('r1ook ngainst them was to haYe
hN•n n pun it ivr one. "
'l'hrrr you nI'<'! 'l' hpr•p is one rca. on fo r· tlw fight. ~omchody had to
he punished for· something.
It
dot'sn 't always " ·ork ont that way,
thNir dny , nnd whrn the Cossacks
. hnll rid into the' hC'antiful halls of
HudnpC' t nll thought of punitive
l'or·ny will di nppenr from Hun!!Arinn minds.
'&'
E ugene V. De~s says-:
'' • . •
•
I~ is writ ten from the point
of view of the working elas ' the tiller of
the soil, . the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these ee~turies of toil
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpo e of
emancipating themselves from ·the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
on e hand by th.e Roman Church and on tl1e
other by the military power.''
'&'
'&'
'&'
Georgia. Kotsch says :
"• "
•
It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives frOJD the dealings with
l\f exieo of the United States and other countries and p r esentS the stark truth that
American and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against ·the proletariat of
1\Iexieo . for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted
as th e most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the l\lexiean proleta~iat is in greater or
le s degree and in varying circumstances the
st_ory of the proletariat in every country."
Int nti n W r Good
1 ill iP. who hnd heeH llnving trouhl(' wiJh his ohlC't' ron in R.alph, <"arne
into tlw hou.'('. IIi. motlH'r, knowing
n thin~ ol' th(' tt·ouhlt•. nid:
'nu'li(', whnt \\'0\lld you like to
~h·t• ~·m1r ~·ou. in Ralph for ·hi birthdn ?"
4 I know what I'd like to gi,·e
him.''
id Billie
' 'ngely. but I
n.in 't hig t-nough.'
'&'
~
'&'
T
Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
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�The
estern Comrade
T I
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Jn Club• of F-our Flft;J Centa
Jo.b H:arrlm.an, Managing Edltor
Frank:JE. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. n
Jan.-Feb., 1915
fl.
Boom 21"l
L&bor 'l'e mple
Vancouve r. B. C.
Parm
.P;ettilpt~
ana~lng ~
tot
A. 1a.bor .p a;per un.para!leled by any iA>OOT' !Pa~T' oot (lana;
En orsed by the Vlctt>riia 'Trade!! <&nd Labor Oouncll <altld
New West;mlnster Trade!! and L.ahor Oounel\. Otlleial
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No. 9-10
Meinself und Moses!
1,000 Copies Sold on Pre-PublleatJon Orders!
BIBLES are issued to the Kaiser's .
soldiers in the field and the German p«:>ople al'e urged to read God's
book to the exclusion of all · other
printed matter.
Good idea!
'l'hc soldier. who
sear<'hes aRsiduously will find plenty
of justification for slaughter. Divirw precedent will encourage him
1o grratf'r adion . Bestiality of invasion will find a str·ong support awl
Moses will give the conqueror valuable> tips ahont treatment of women
in the subdued domain.
Belgians may w«:>ll look with ala r·m
on this new moYe of the Kaiser to
doubly nrm h is fightillg hosts.
A!lywny, Sr•ine 1\fajcstart, der
Deutse hc KaisPr, <•r lehe hoch, hot·h,
hoch !-G. E. B.
soc.r: -L IST
WAR .MANUAL
A Revolutionary Interpretation of the European Armageddon and the
Temporary .Collapse of 4J.ternationalism
Contains:
IMMEDIATI; CAUSES
By Louis C.
F~ina
GENERAL . CAUSES
By JO:rank Bohn
MILITARISM
By Floyd Dell
THE ATTITUDE OF ITALY
By Prof. Arthur Livingston
ANTI - WAR MANIFESTOES
By the European Socialist PartiE's
SOCIALISM AND . THE WAR
By Isaac A. Hourwich, ph. D.
T he Wrong Rooster!
Unc· le .Tosh was comfortably l ighting his p ipe ill t ht' living-room OIH'
~·vf'ni n g wh en Annt l\Ta r-ia glanced up
from her knittin g.
".Tosh," softly r rma r·ked t lw g-ood'
woma n, 11 do yon know that next Snn-'
dny wi ll he the twenty-fifth annivrrsm·y of our wedding ?"
." Ye don't say so, Maria!" respond<'d Unele Josh, pulling YigOJ;ousl~· on his rorn<>ob pipe. " \Yhat
nbont it?"
"Nothing," nnswer<>d Aunt Maria,
"only l thought mnyhe we ought to
ldll tlwm . two Hhode I land Red
(•hi<• kens.'''
"Ruy, )Tm·in." impressively demandt•<l Unt<lt' .Josh, "how can vou
blamt- them two Rhode 1 land Red
('hit<kens f'N' whnt hnppened twentyfive <years ago Y"
HOW GERMAN SOCIALISTS 'DIVIDED
By William E nglish Walling
BRITISH AND AMERICAN SOCIALISTS ON Tt:t E WAR
Summary and Cr·iilcism of artiClE'S by Bernard
Shaw. H. G. Wells. H. M. H~·ndman, Ramsay Mac·
Donald, ltohE'rt Blatchforrl, Ylctor Berger, Eugene
Debs and Charles Edward Russell.
This Svcialist "'ar Manual \\' Ill Probably JI!Pcome Historic.
Scholarly-Comp rehensive--Indispensable
Price, 15 Cents a Copy
Special Low Rate, bundles of five or more
NEW REViEW
8(}
F I FTH AVENUE, NEW YOR K
Telephone Home A-4533
J AM E S R. TOWNSEND
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
(Attorney)
Suite 712, San Fernando Building
Attorneys at Law .
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles. Cal.
Broadway 1592
TRB JONES BOOK STORE
926' West First St., Los Angeles, Cal
Beadqual'ters fol" the best Soeialis:t
bo()ks and litel"a:ture.
A. R. HOLSTON
Attorney at Law:
331-2 Dougras Bniildlfng
Los Angeres, Cal.
Fourth and Main Streets
Los Angeles, Cat
F-159-2
Home A-2003
Mafu 619
A. J. STEVENS
Dentf!rt
30& South Eraadwq
Room 514
:Los
Ang~feg;,
.
00.
�T e
ater• Co
r
Humor from Yuma
••A BIZO.
~A is ~etting hep to the
toeiety goff.'' a aleiiiUID who
traYek JU that state UJJs US.
"1 wu at a hotel laat mouth," he
•aid, ••aud an old chap wa sitting
at a table with hi. 8011. Somebody
eaJJed Son a Jiar. The kid didn't
pull a gun, the way they do in pietare 1how1. He just grabbed a table
knife and 11tarted after his detractOr.
"Tht:re wu no tragedy, though.
That lmy '11 dad ~'l"ahbed him by the
(•Ollar awl forced him into a seat in
lP-IIIJ time than it takes to tell it.
"'Ain't ye got ' no mannersT'
hiHIIlHl }Jill pa. 'What have I learned
yd'
"'JTC! r:allr!ll mP a liar!' yelled the
11truggling son.
"'Whn t if he di1l? 'fhf•y's strang~>rH from the• EaKt in this room. You
Khmnt• mt•! Dr·op f hat knife an' use
,VI! I' fot'lc li kf' Pttikd says!'"
oft for the Orphans
ll l'l'" is a K1ory of' a :;mall boy, a
11totlt1·r· Hllll a barr<>! of apples, and a
morn! whi<·h docs not hav~ to be told
in wor·ds:
1' hf• wilHlows of' au or·phan asylum
ov<•r•lo 1l<•u th<' bacl<yard of the house
whPrc• tl w hoy, th e 'hnrrel of apples,
t11Hl1lH• hoy's mother· lived. Now the
nppl<•s t ltnt w •r·c in th e hanel disapprlli'Nl 11 t n famou s rate, and t he
moth er hPin g a Jmo\\'iug woman as. a
lni1 11Pt' 0!' COIU'SO, mfldC inquiry Of her
~o~o n . Yrs, It o had eaten the apples,
hnt, "i\fn mmn "hr snid, "I have to;
t h<' ot·phllllN wnnt so mnny cores. "
L
on on Form
The Soeia1Ut Movemcat
TLe LaLor Movemc:nt
' Crime
Co-operation
Exploitation
W ages and H ours
· Unemploymen1
TLe Olcl Parti
The P~greasives
....
Syndicalism
of W e tL
Cb.ild Labor
W oman and Lal»or
Industrial Accidenta
·Profits . '
Poverty
·Socialists .in O ffice
C oneent,.t:i.on
The Trusts
and many other things of mteres~ to· Socialists
and students-too many to mention.
It has been compiled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and is the most complete reference book of that
character that has ever been published. .
·
Bound in flexihle cloth. 350 pages.
50 CENTS A COPY.
THE WESTERN COMRADE $1 PER Y EAR
SPECIAL COMBINATION
We will ~end you THE WESTERN COMRADE for one yeal' and THE
CAMPAIGN BOOK FOR $1.25. Address Ci rculation Department, 924
H i ggins Building, Loa )\ngelea, Cal.
'I'hl•
t <>nrhtw was examining the·
in physiology.
• 1 lnry,
ou 1 II 11 , "
he said,
" whnt · is th <' fnnction of the
I' llts.
stonuwh. ·
•'I' he function olf th
t h lit tlt' girl an, we red
up tlw Jl ttieont.'
' I und
tomnch "
i to hold
h .F ,. Trot?
Main 1407
t~
This Stand• for
(i}~!/J. ~he But in Con~
fectione. Creamt
and Ice• •:• •:•
427
SO U TH
BROADWAY
tand your hu band
l nrning to dtme ! ,
o.'
. Home F-7638
Main 7618
GOLDMAN, MOORE & SHAPIRO
Lawyer s
537-8 - 9 Douglas Buildi ng
Third and Spring Streets
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
Harry A. Goldman
Fr ed H. M oore
Cbai m Shapi ro
repli d
Mrs. M Fizzle.
• Th t port \"(
tarted by om~
ncighb rs" ho happened to be looking tllrough our ba ment window
j u t aft r h h d dropped a hot einlr nhi t t"
CHAR L ES 0 . M ORGA N
100 Per Cent Settlement
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
Notary Public
1010 CaUtornia Bulldf:ng, Cor Second
and Broadway
Home Phone A-3913_Los. Angeles. CaL
Insurance UQ,denniter
360 I. W- Hellman Bulldlog
Los Angeles, Cal
Tel A.-455f
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
�The Western Comrade
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
The American Socialist
Official Organ of the
Socialist PartY of America.·
The American Sociali.t speaks
with authority. It ia a powerful
news and propaganda weekly
and is the only paper in the
United States which gives an
account of the official business
of the Socialist Party.
Every Socialist. Every Student ·ot Socialism should_be a subscriber.
Subscription Price ·
50 cents a year.
Assayer and Chemist
I do not guarantee satisfaction
I guarantee accuracy
252% -South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Phone A-2299
AU Work Done in Duplicate
924 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Too Late
L ITTLE Bobby· father wa a doetor and Bobby liked nothing bet•
ter than to take hi father c e m
one hand, ~is overcoat in the other,
and go down the treet for a block or
William Francia Seeman, registered ·- two to some imaginary patient. One
patent attorney and mech.a nical ~gi- winter s day when be started out
neer, successor to Arden & Seemann, h •
t
1
th d
.416-17-1-8 Citizens' Bank Building·' pat- . e torgot o c ose . e oor.
ents all countries· specializing intricat~·. · • "Bobby," called mother' voice,
and difficult mechanicai, eheltiical; ·elec- ·sweetly, 'plea e close the door." But
trochemical and metallurgical cases. Bobby· was in a hurry and went on.
F-5743. Main 9474.
"Robert " came father's sterner
voice, "cl~se that door."
Every ;evening till 6. SundaY.s 11 to 12
Bobby returned and closed the
-Oacar-WINBURN-Charlea
door: Some time later he came in
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS ·
quietly, put up the case and overcoat
790 San Fernando Bldg., ··Los Angeles . and started upstairs.
,..,
Phone A-3638
" Bobby," said mother, ingratiat.
NOTARY PUBLIC
~gly, "how's your patient t ''
· "Dead," was the laconic an wer. ·
No skinning. One price to all.
''
Gcme dead while I was shutting
C. A. WILSON
The Watchmaker and Jeweler at the that old door."
The American Socialist and The
Western Comrade can be had in
combinatio.n for one year by send- Union Lalror Temple, 532 Maple Avenue,
Los Angeles, is a union watcnmaker,
ing $1.25 to
ALL PRICES RIGHT
THE WESTERN COMRADE
•
U. S. W. V. Roosevelt Camp No. 9,
I. 0 . 0. F. No. 150 Lo.uisiana, K. of P.
No. 186 Louisiana.
Not Worth the Pain
Jean longed for a kitten with all
her heart, but mother was not fond
Insurance, all kinds. P. D. Noel, 921 of cats, so her eager pleadings WeTe
unrewarded until illness made it necHiggins Bldg., Los Angeles.
·eS'Sary for ,Jean to go to· the hospital.
"I will rna ke a bargain. wi_th you,
· .Jean," saicl her mother. "If you
will b.e a brave little girl about having your operation, you shall have
thP nicest kitten I ~an find."
Jean took ·th e Pther without a
In order'to place a copy of our catalogue
~truggl e. But later, as she came out
of union-made goods in the hands of
from under the anesthetic, she reaevery reader of The ·western Comrade,
lized how very sick and Wretched
we wilJ send postage prepaid, on receipt
she fell. The nurse leaned over to
catrh her first ~poken word.
of FIFTY CENTS, one of our genuine
"What a hum way to get a cat! "
sheepskin-leather card cases BEARING
moaned th.e child.
THE UNION LABEL.
Socialists Attention!
This card case contains four pockets,
one large for bills and papers, one for
your dues-stamp book, ·a nd two with
transparent windows for union membership cards. This is the ONLY CARD
CASE on the market made by Organized
Labor and bear ing the union label. It is
no longer n ecessary for a class-conscious
Soeialist to be inconsistent.
Send fifty cents in stamps or money
order.
MUTUAL UNION TRADING COMPANY
<The only ~xcl uslve union label merchandisers)
<Owned snd managed by members of the working class)
9 Boaro of Trade Court, CHICAGO, ILLS.
Not An Ally
"Of course, doctor, German m,easles are seldom serious1"
" I never met but one fatal case."
''Fatal!"
"Yes; it was a Frenchman, and
when he discovered it was German
mea ·les that he had, mortification
set in. ''
All Aboard!
"Artie; where are we going on our
honeymoon?' '
"Around the world, darling. They
are going to give i~ in seven reels at
the corner picture show.''
�·,
The Western Comrade
45
Does Soil Analysis Pay?
Here is the Answer .
.•
FROM PANAMA·CAL:tFORNI,A EXPOSITION, SAN DIEGO, CAL.
Mr. R. R. Snowden, Los Angeles, Cal.
.
.
.
Dear Sir: Last year we were having considerable trouble with' our ·nursery on account .o f poor
soil. . . . These soils have been treated In accordance 1VIth your prescription :with very good
results. · In fact, at this time we are having no trouble at all wl~h the soU in the nursery.
Very truly yours,
.
FRANK
ALLEN, 'JR., Plrec,tor of Works.
(The exposition authorities· have twice since used my serv!ces, ·which fact also tells· its own story.)
P:
Trees of the same size and shape, at one year and twenty-two days from planting in
orchard, were chosen for exper~ental purposes.: · Meas~retnents made nine
months and six days after fertilizing be~ are shown.
WITHOUT SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
Height .... ... .. .. . ....... 3 feet, 9
Br!!adth at top ...... ...... 1 foot, 6
Circumference of trunk at
grou nd . ..... . ......... . .... .' .. 2
Circumference of trunk at
lower branches ........ ....... l'h
Inches
Inches
Inches
Inches
It should be remembered that while any
chemist can make a soU
analysis, yet not every one
has had sufllclent experience and of the right kind
to enable him to correctly
interpret the results and
apply them to treatment
of the soil so as to give a
reasonable certainly of
profitable returns to the
person paying for the
analysis. This is certainly
the most important thing
to consider. .
Mr. 0 . H. Hottel, an orange grower, said to Mr.
Chas. D. Baker, a banker
of Pomona, Cal.: "The
money · I paid Snowden for
soil analysis is the oest
money I ever spent." (On
the strength of this _testimony Mr. Baker hae had
two orange groves examined and prescribed for by
me.)
Results speak for the work. Send for folder containing reports from clients. (Please mention the Western Comrade
when an~wering advertisement.)
RECEIVED SCIENTIFIC TREATMENT
Height ..... : ........... ...
5 feet, 1 Inch.
Breadth o r t op .... .... .. . .... ..... 3 feet, 11 Inches.
Circumfere nce of t.runk at ground .. ...... 51f., Inches
Circumfe rence or trunk at lower
branches ..................... ·...... .3'4 Inches
00
......
00
Oldest Commercial Exclusive Soil Laboratory in the United States
R.· R. SNOWDEN
Chemist and Soil Engineer
310 Stimson Building
Los Angeles, California
�. The Western Comrade
46
Only in Self-Defense ·
Here's One ·.Magazine
You Want.
Pearson's. Magazine is the.
only magazine of 'i ts kind.
• Its f_?rm enables itto depend
on Its readers alone --....on
advertisers not at all. It
~ can ·a nd does, therefore,
· · print facts which no magazine that depend.s 'upon·
advertising for a living can
"afford" to print. It does
print such facts .every
month. Every issue contains the truth about 5ome
condition which affects
your daily welfare, which
you want toknowandwhich'
you can find nowhere else. ·
Besides, it prints as much
fiction and other entertainCharles Edward Russell
ment as any general magazine. If you ,want one
"The reason why I advise all persons . radical magazine to live and
that believe in a free press to support
grow,subscribetoPearson's.
Pearson's Magazine is because Pearson's is the only great .m agazine that
is free."
Pearson's is the only big
magazine in America in
which the Socialists get an
equ3;l opportU;nity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but m every Issue.
·
The case for Socialism is presented by the leading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chas. Edward Russell.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50;
Here's Another Magazine You Want
The Western Comrade
1
The only illustr~~;ted Socialist magazine west of Chicago. It 1s
excelled by none in America. Hundreds of sub,J>criptions are
fcoming in from Socialists who are anxious to keep in touch
with news of the development of the Llano del Rio Colony.
Our aim is to make the magazin_e better and brighter with each
issue. Subscrintion by tlie year $1.
COMBINATION
By special arrangement with Pearson's we will send you
THE WESTERN COMRADE a.nd PEARSON 'S MAGAZINE
ONE YEAR FOR $1.50
Address Circulation Dept., 924 Higgin1 Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
'' Begorra, thim 's six fin~ sons. ye
have there, Casey," said Dennis
Flaherty to his friend. ·
"They do be that, Flaherty," replied Casey.
"Do yez have any trouble with
. thim T" inquired Dennis.
· "Trouble!" repeated Casey. "I've
· niver had to raise· my hand to one of
thiin, .excipt in self-!:lefince!''
'
<~Iigh
Cost of Living·
. Since ·October, 1913, the high cost
of living has declined .4690, accot-ding to experts who claim to be keepPig tabs. Unversed in the wonderful
alchemy ·of the professional statisti-'
ciail, the average working man might
Qe · forgiven if he substituted the
word advanced for declined, and misplaced the decimal point.
Kidding the Kidder
A prominent and popular Llano
. colonist, who has a beautiful head
hair· when in Los Angeles and none
at all to mention while on th'e ranch
was .taking a bit of good-natured
kidding as he knelt beside a running
brook laving his c'lassie forehead.
"The chief drawback to being bald
is this: When I wash myself I have
to keep my hat on so I can tell where
my face stops.''
of
•
· Poultry Department
Flne music and fine poultry were
two things of which little Ella's
father was very fond. Recently he
bought a talking machine, and
among other records was one of a
very brilliant aria by a great coloratura soprano. The baby listened
closely to the runs of the bewildering
music until the singer struck · some'
high arpeggios and trills at the.Close,
when she exclaimed:
"Daddy, listen! She's laid an
egg!"
DRESSER PHOTO CO.
Lantern Slide•
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarging
Kodak Finishing-F ree Developing
Mall Orders
230lh SOUTH SPRING ST.
Phone A-2298
Los Angeles, Cal.
�T h e We s t e rr gt C rJ m r ad e
47
Somnolent
THE SATURDAY EVENING
POST, speaking of the auto
bus. says editorially: "It is hard to
say why the latter should be virtually unknown outside of New York
City, and not very extensively used ·
there, unless generally bad pavements furnish the answer."
Can you beat that for indurated,
encrusted and mossbacked provin(:ialism?
Bad paYement'>! This from the
notoriously poorest paved la:rge
American city !
Think of an <>ditor who doesn 't
know that millions of Americans· in
3lmost every eity and town in the
country are riding in auto busses!
In Los Angel<>s the street car companics c-omplain that the auto busses
have diverted half a million dollars
a year from them in local traffic. Interurban bus lines are paying well
and being extended.
The Saturday EYcning Post is
slumbering in its chimney corner of
1728. Jt doubtless will come in for
the profound consideration of its
distinguished contrmporat·y, 't!{e
.Titnry Journal, of Seattle.
Shoo :~ C~pit . .·sm
.ith -a
Stere~pticon
Anyone can lecture with the aid of pictures; they tell the
story, you point out the moral. .Pictures draw a crowd where
other means fail. They JDake your wo11k doubly effective.
We tell you how to· get the· gr~atest results at the least
expense.
Send stamp for complete information.
W. SCOTT ·LEWIS
3493 Eagle Street .
Los Angeles, California
Gen. Otis says editorially in The Times, of
EVERYMAN
Crescendo Por Yahno
(By Luke North)
There was a young lady who 'd
sneeze
At the sight of musical k cczc.
One . dny on the llnno
She sat at the pllano
.\nd sneez<>d at the A's and the
G 'ceze.
.. If law and order, respect for conventions and property rights
are to he maintained in this land and its civilization continued,
publication<; like Everyman must be suppressed . . "
And again Gen. Otis says:
"lts lamentably brilliant pages pervert art to the cunning
uses of social disturbers . . . "-and also, says the General, still
spenking of Everyman:
" lt is disturhing to mental stability."
Jack Doesn't
Get His
I
Thank you kindly, General. I could ask no greater boon
from the Los Angeles Times.- Luke.
''But your fiance has such a small
salary, how nrc you going to live?"
'' Oh, we're going to economize.
We 're going to do without a lot of
things tlrat Jack needs."
Renew your subscription pr_o mptly. If you let the ·ma.t!_er delay then
you will he taken fro~ the mailing
list. The Western Comrade merits
['our continued frie~d~•ip.
EVERYMAN <Monthly>
Each Issue Has an Important Lecture or Essay by
Clarence Darrow
Year $1.50, Copy 25 Cents
516 American Bank Bldg., Los Angeles
�.,
.
Workers Wanted!
Llano del RiC? Colony in t:he Antelope ·
Valley, Los Angeles Cou.~ty,..California,
·offers · employment
·to · hundred~ of men
and their. families.
we· w~nt farmers. Western
ra~chers with teams are in demand at. tkis hour. California
ranchers are coming in rapidly
but we can use ten more good
farm· teams ' and heavy wagons
within the next thirty days. We
will take a limited number of
milk cows of g od blood and add them to our magnificent dairy herd. No more
brood sows ne ed unless they be of extra fine blooded stock. We will take a
limited numbe of laying hens and pullets.
·
Men and wo en of nearly every useful occupation will be needed at the colony. All mus be able to give good references as to industry, sobriety and
qualifications a · co - operators~
Every memb~r an equaf shareholder in the enterprise. Every
worker to get the· full social product
of his efforts.
Write for particu rs covering in-_
stallment plan to take out memberships now and join the colony at any
time during the next five years.
Co-operation Is Not Merely a WORD---It Is ACTION!
For Full Particulars Address
LLANO 'DEL RIO COMPANY
Colony Department
JOB HARRIMAN, President
924 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Caifornia
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
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Western Comrade, 1915-01/02
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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Double Issue
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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v02n09-10
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48 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/80def61dc89292f182f6187c6941761a.pdf
9fe81a3110797bda65ad28dfa0180b37
PDF Text
Text
Vol. 2, No.8
December. 1914
Ten cents
The Blanket Stiff
California's Vote
Scotch Red Snake
War Prophecies
Breed For Death
Worker- Parasite
Making a Hero
Might is Right
Press Poisoners
Social Education
Colony Activities
Time to Organize
Read Gannon's Keen Satire "LUNACY"
�2
The Western Comrade
Scene in
Specialties :
Eagleson's
Shirts,
Paj
Unde ear,
Collars,
Neckwear.
Union Factory.
Light, Airy,
Sanitary.
Come and See the
Fi~est
Line of Winter Clothing
Ever Displayed in _Los Angeles
at Prices Satisfactory to All
During the winter it behooves the careful, conscientious buyer to choose his suit with ·
greater care than at most times of the year. If you want the most for Y.Our money
you will come up to Eagleson's, between First and Second streets, where our inexpensive location and small running expen~es enable us to make you an actual cash ~>av
ings on your s uits, hats and furnishings.
Because this is one of the oldest and largest exclusive men's stores in California
we are showing larger selections in the right sort of guaranteed fabrics, colors and
models than any other men's store on the coast. Every garment is exactly as it is
r epresented.
Special values in htgh grade all wool suits at $13.00,
Your comparison is cordially invited.
$20.00, $25.00.
Under no obligation to buy.
•
Shirts
Underwear
Sold direct from factory to wearer. Being manufacturers enables us to eliminate the . retail and jobbers' profit .tnd
give you regular
$1.50 qualities for ....................................$1.00
$2.00 qualities for ....................................$1.50
All makes, styles and colors. Over 200
different kinds to select from. Prices
from 50c to $3.00 per garment. ·Much
better quality than can be had at these
prices elsewhere.
LARGE ASSORTMENT OF EXTRA TROUSERS, OVERALLS, CORDUROY
PANTS, GLOVES, SUSPENDERS, NECKWEAR, HANDKERCHIEFS, SUIT
CASES, TRAVELING BAGS AND TRUNKS.
MAKERS OF MEN'S WEAR
EAGLESON. & CO.
112-116 So. Spring· St., Los Angeles
�The Weste·rn Comrade
Factory operated· in connection .
with LLANO DEL Rio ·coLONY
Men's 10-inch boots . $6.00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes. . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . .. 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 ............ 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 . ........ .... 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
81;2 to 11. . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11% to 2 . ........ 2.50
•
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above Illustration. Pass tape
around at lines wi!hout drawing tight. Give
size usually worn.
IDEAL FOO.TWEAR
For Ranchers and Outdoor Men
The famous Clifford Elkskiil Shoes are lightest and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs
of ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace· in light
handsome patterns to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
•
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instrl.lctions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state
whether we shall forward by mail or express.
'
SALES DEPARTMENT
Llano del Rio Cotnpany
922 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
~.
\
�The Western Comrade
'
View at San Francisco Exposition
Palace
of
Education, Court of Palms, with Palace of Horticulture in
Background
�THE WESTERN . COMRADE
Devoted to the Cause of the Workers
Political Action
VOL. II
Direct Action
Co -operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., DECEMBER 1, 1914
NUMBER 8
Giant Yuccas, "Joshua" Trees .
Taken in the Antelope Valley 20 Years Ago
•
·TREND OF EVENTS
By Frank E. \Volfe
and shams rul e
Cowardice is
F H4UDS
shown on cnrv hand. Ca lifornia worker·s vote
manl~ind.
to remaiH. sfavcs, tl;u:;; giving a powerful argument
to those who ueelare politieal action futile.
Gold bricks bring fancy prices in the open light
of the day. l\Icntal lassitndc and moral delinquency
mark the attitude of thoso " ·ho have felt the lash
and might he expected to awaken. Idioti« fearterror of a bogie man-st:-tmpedes the common herd
to vote for things thry do ·not want. Cowardice,
indolen'ce, a nd mentation li ke that of the lowly lobster, are the cause of half the misery of the world.
The working class of California is again bunkoed
hec·aus<' it !~:1-: not yet come into possession of the
of its brain. The cliscovcry of truth and the
d<'!('{'fion ot' enor ali ke involvq,~ a la.hor!l)us process
of f bou ght and it hurts some people to thiu~. It's
Pasy to ta kP f he othPr fellow's word for it. It is
c•asirr . to rPacl' the base hall score and let the politieians play thPir own game. Let the masters work
out their prohlrms-then vote as they say.
u~c·
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•
The full retu111s of tht• election of Governor are
nt>t yet at hand, but there are enough figures available to r eac h some conclusions. The vote for N. A.
.Hichardson, Socialist candidate for Governor,, should
�6
T h·e Western Comrade
haye reached the 120,000 mark. Tens of thousands
of registered Socialists stampeded to the polls and
voted for Hiram Johnson, not because of love or admiration of Johnson or what he r epresents, but ' be-·
l!ause of a panic of fear that Fredericks might be
elected.
. N. A. Richardson has spent a large . portion of
his life working for Socialism. As a ~riter there
is none in America clearer or more conlfistent than
he. His pamphlets in the earlier days justly gained
unprecedented circulation. He has spoken to hundreds of thousands and 'nitten for iaillions. No
man ever mrritcd greater consideration or more
whol e-hearted support- yet the so-called Socialists
ha\'e fail ed again.
Dr. A. E. Briggs of ;...;atr·amento polled the highest vote on th e Socialist ticket, lacking less than 100
votes of reaching the 100,000 mark.
G. \V. \Vooduey r.ame second, a fpw thousand
below the vote for· Dr. Briggs. All the figures are
not available at this hour, hut it is likely tire total
vote for SoPialist candidates for state legislature and
congress ran above the 150,000 n1ark. But this is
not the Socialist vote and it cannot be depended on.
In fact the vote for Richardson will be the real, rockbottom Socialist vote.
•
•
•
w:
•
•
Tire elretion of George
Downing and L. A.
Spengler, hoth of Los Angeles, to the state assembly is a matter· for congratulation for· thry ar·e strong
men, trierl and true. 'l'hey represent the true revolutiona!'y spirit of Socialism, yet hoth are practical
and construdivc, and their influence is sure to he
felt in the legislature.
•
•
•
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A strong legislative committee has been selected by the State Executive Board and plans are
~~der way for1 the introduction - of a number of
working class measures.
•
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•
•
When we read in eastern .publications the l·ists
of Socialist-s electrrl to office we are inclined to doubt
their authenticity 11nd to wonder how many of them
really were elected.
In the California column four assemblymen are
credited to the Socialists when ~ut two were elected.
Comrades Kingsley and Lindsey. were not elected,
though there seems to be 'good gr;ounds fo.r a eontest
in the case of the _latter wbere a "P~ogressive,"
who was· admithidly ineligible to the _office was, on
the face of the returns, elected to the office. If
tJ:tere is any justice in tbe · case Comrade Lindsey
will be seated.
An analysis of the primary election vote of Los
Angeles county will give some idea of the need of
better organization, of education-of some me~ms of
spreading the simplest informa~on about the candidates on the Socialist ticket..
The nrganizPd So(·ialists of I.Jos· Angeles county
wiJI be quick to disavow responsi):>ility for the utter
assininity shown on tlie face . of the election returns
on the Socialist ballot.
Some instances of the monumental stupidity arc
here given:
Los Angeles county Socialists nominated Thomas I_.ee \Voolwine, a Democrat, for district attorney,
and they spattered all over the ticket, even casting
451 votes for Joseph \V. Ford, who was running as
a Los Angeles Times candidate on his record as a
labor hater in the office of district attorney.
These Yoters. registered as Socialists, wit~ 2609
votes nominated Gavin Craig as presiding justice
of the court of appeals, and gave Job Harriman 91.
They cast 2742 votes for Paul W edderin, Socialist,
•
for sheriff, and 3349 for others and gave a large
vote to a reactionary office holder. They actually
nominated Walter Bordwell, a reactionary Republican, for chief justice of th e supreme court of California by giving him 2037 votes. Six wrote in the
name of Edward Tuttle, Socialist. Bordwell, who
was defeated in the finals, made his race as a Times
candidate on the strength of having, as Superior
Judge, imposed sentence -On the ~IcNama.ra brothers.
In the third supervisorial district they nominated
Barney Fry, an old-time Republican politician, who
is reported to ha-ve been hobnobbing with certain
Socialist party members and attending Socialist
meetings. In this district the Socialists neglected to
put up a candidate and they spilled all oYer CYery
�The Western Comrade
capitalist office seeker on the ballot.
In the vote for Governor 1377 of those voting
the Socialist ticket wrote in the name of Hiram
Jolmson and equally as stupid and incredible · as it
may seem 27 of them wr·ote in the name of John -D.
F're<lcric:ks. Th(•y wrote iu other names that would
indicatP the need of :1 special lunacy board.
For superior judge th ese pure l\farxians voted
!'or :;-t c:apitalist l:nry<'rs. some of them infamous
"S COTCH
in their attitude toward labor. Only one Socialist,
W. 0. Morgan, succeeded in. passing to the final
election where, again, ~he Socialists, by their insistence in vot4lg once for .him and nine times
against him, succeeded in defeating him.
Of course all· this criminal stupidity must be laid
at the door of the nons. No really, :honest-to-God,
red card mcmbe~ ev.er ":oted for a capitalist candidate.
Scotching Socialism
the s~:arlet snake!" screams the will use the ballot as a we:;~pon to take a man's propLos .\ngelcs Timt>s in a headline OYet' a story erty from him , is there 'anyone ~o silly as to believe
that tells of the organization of the "National Anti- that any man 'or woman will 'sit idly by and watch
Socialist LcaguC'.''
confiscation Y IT WlLIJ BE RESISTED WITH
Th e lC'ague is to lw incorpor·ated in California FORCE! This resistan.ce means war-and that is
and extt>nded to all th e other states. 'l'he aim of what we are coming to if Socialism shall prevail. I
the oqranization is" to hold thr stability, er·edit and do not want my boys to grow up into anything of
good goHrmnrnt of tit(• nation against anarchial the sort."
\\'ar and confiscation."
There you are: If the rnajority of the people of
The organizer is N. l\T. Barragar, who is the any state, or the nation, shall, by means of the ballot
president and ,,-ho has "spent a lifetime in the study (political action ) elect men who will enact laws, or
of c:omparatin· religion and social economy." if the people hy use of the ballot, shall adopt meas\rhere this lifPtime has been .spent is not stated, nor sures to restore the stolen, confiscated wealth of the
arP. any of Barragar's antecedents giYen. William tJation, these men will meet that peaceful action by
A. Barragcr is the secretary and George D. Ball is force and violence.
the tr·Pasurer·. Send remittances for eontributions to
There is a growing belief among many Sot!ialists
the latt er, ~:arc Chamber of Commerce building, Los that capitalism will not yield to peaceful measures;
-\ngeles.
that violence will be quickly precipitated by the
No"·, lrt us gi ,.e thanks to whatever gods may be! group that has so hypocritically dec1'ied violence;
I!en· appl·ar·s the man to start something in this that restoration may he brought about and. that exday of gloom that will add to the gaiety, at least, of ploitation and industrial murders may be brought to
this nation!
an end by evolutionary steps is a delusion. This
This is, if the Times may be believed, an organi- belief will be greatly strengthened if the Barragar
zation that openly advocates direct action-force- propaganda is given any considerable support and
against political action!
encouragement by capitalists.
Long and weary has been the day of waiting for
That such a move will give a powerful impetus
some authosizell agent openly to tell the truth about to the I. \V. W. and all other "direct action" orcapitalism-that it will not yield to a peaceful solu- _rganizations cannot be doubted for an · instant. It
tion of the industrial problem.
"' will not, however, retard the work of education and
If Barragar and his comrades do not prove a-mis- organization among the Socialists who are close
erable flash-in-the-pan there are stirring times ahead. students of contemporaneous history.
Barra gar is quoted as saying:
\Vi thin a year a movement is likely to be started
"If the theory of the Socialist is right that he in America that will draw to it all the radicals on
7
�8
The W .e stern Comrade
the continent. Th is movement will be able to write
its program on a postcard and in so writing will inacribe the most important document since the Declaration of J ndependenee or the Magna Charta .. ,
If Barragar, with the support and assistance of
the Times and similar institutions, can get enough
action he will greatly ~ssist and accelerate this
movement.
Comment o n th e War
A
S A prophet, a war .prophet, I am not a failure. fact one of them ·picked m~ to pieces; doubted my
I am even, in a measure, a success. As for honesty and said The Western Comrade had spoken
honor-no trur prophet cares for that .ln his own brutally about the Kaiser and the G~rman army.
One German said I was right in predicting the
or other lands.
My war predictions did not bring .any bouquets fa ll of Paris and the permanent conquest of Belgium
but they brought a few bricks-not as many as I but he declared the Prussians would not compromise with the Czar's government nor would the
expected, but a few.
'I'hr most amusing phasr of th e comment arid Kaiser consent to the overrunning of Southern Eucriticism of my prediction of the downfall of the rope by Russian troops.
European Empires, th e temporary victory of Teuton
- This lesson t eaches us how difficult it is to please
and Slav, th e passing of British power, has been the all sides in predicting. In the meantime as th e shuttle passes through the
attitude of my British friends.
On e Englishman, whom I hold in th e highest loom and the warp and the woof of war is dyed with
rsteem, politely asked me if T was not of German the blood of over a million m en, the daily news
desce nt. I explain ed that as far as is known my brings stories of the sinkin g of cruiser and dreadane estor·s lind been chased out of Ireland, Scotland naught ; of th e impotency of th e great maritime enand England beca use of a low strain of fighting gines of war wh en a nameless, sneaking submarine
hloocl and a fatnl t t> nclen ey to he on th e losing side comes into play far below the ·waves which Britannia
rul es so bravely-in song.
in th e rrh.rllion .
Germany's fleet still declin es to "come out and
Anothr·r· English fr·icncl sp!'nt half an hour telling me of the horTor·s o( Grrman militariJ;;m and the fight " in the waters off H elgoland. There is a .better
n eed of putting an end to it ' forever. I 'agreed so game in waiting.
In th e first insignifi cant naval battle off the South
thoroughly with him that 1 think he doubted my
American coast the Germans had all Jhe better of
sin ce rity.
An English author of some renown and one who the fight. Presently this small fl eet will be overtaken
is certain to make a large place for himself among by a vastly larger and overwhelming squadron sent
th e authors of the world has written me a letter say- ont by England and then we shall see so_me flaring
ing he agr·r es with me and , saddening as it is, he head lin es indi cating a great sea victory.•
As the war progresses figures are printed showbelieves t hr Orrmans and Russians will conquet· all
Europe.
ing th e in creasing war debt mounts into the millions
'' vVe mny as well vi ew it now as wr ce rtainly daily. Germany subscribes for immense loans, acshall be forced tto view it a yrar or so hencr. There co rding to offi cinl dispatches. England had no great
is nothing in the universr th-at pl edges th e success • diffi culty in raisin g $1,750,000,000.
Ev erything indi cates a prolonged struggle,
of British arms. Certainly saying 'Britain MUST
win' does not srttle the case,'' writ es this loyal son though th e Lloyds profess to take a cheerful view of
of Engl and .
'
the matter if one may believe the dispatches from
On the· othrr hand my Gr rman comrad es are not London. Kitcht>n er snys 18 months and the Geras .e nthusinstie HI'; might hav e been expected.- In mans prepare for several years' contest.
0 'l'hl s puragr>'ph w as wrlti Pn t en days b(oforP t he British fleet mPt and destroyed the GPrman cruisPrs Scharnho~st, Lelpslg and
Gnolsnau orr th P <'nst coast of South Am eri<'H.
�The Western Comrade
9
Abolishin·g the Blanket Stiff
By GEORGIA .KOTSCH
BINDIJE stick and a fiat wheel,'' quoth
my friend down near· ''Second- 'n-T.JOS, ''
add irfg with infinite disgust for things-asthry-are, ''and not more than seventeen; ,
I 'll het.''
A young blanket stiff was limping by.
Thus early does'· the system'' parody the
Ualill·au's (·ommand, "Take up your bed
nd "·a! k. ''
.\ly friPrH1 himself is a blanket stiff upon occasio n. Onee he eamc near bring the principal in
an impromptu rwc·J;tie party because he "·as not carrying a bundle. But, in the language of Kipling, that
is anotll('l' '>tory. PeopiC' ;tr·e gl'l·at sti(·kl ers for custom and fashion.
ll r ean lt•ll you where all the goo1l wat<'t' holes
arr up tht • •·oao.;t and I Ill' present status of amenities between th e stiff and the brakeman. lie can tell
you mu eh more-of lit erature, sc ience, ar·t and especially of soeiology, while his sera phi c smile charms
you-0, yes, I am still t alking about a hlanl;et ~tiff
and hi s ckar blu e eyes look through you and lwyoncl
you, seeing the forcrs which made you what you are.
li e cou ld tf'll you, but he won't, of the littl e wife
"back East with her foll;s " and whom he . is eating
his heart out to see.
This just to impress upon us that the blanl\et stiff
is not another specie!';. If he only were! How it
would simplify him. But he is flesh of our flesh, spirit
of our spirit. The mischief is that just the things
any red-blooded person would do in his place he is
doing and is going to do.
The world is not his fr·iend nor the world's laws.
His ethics are not the ethics of the housed and fed.
How f!Ou ld they be. The star-loft which roofs him
and the distances which are his walls do not press in
the small caution, the timidity, the stifled soul of the
steam-heated. Writirw of the Blanket Stiff of Galilee,
Bouck White says, "Property rights require peace
and order and <'arefulness; human rights require
[!en ius- and freedom."
Why does not my friend, if he is so well-informed;
go to work and -secure the comforts of life ?
H e is informed , but not conformed. Believing in
hnman rights outspokenly, the clash is always imminPnt b~t wecn .him and his boss who · must believe in
property rights. He has the upstanding independence
of a man and cannot disguise it.
Here is an element in the unemployed situation
;l
which it is convenient to understand. In the vocabulary of property it is resented as shiftlessness.
It is the free spirit which does not fit into the moneygrubbing groove, the only vii:tuou~ groove in pr:esent
society. The cornered post of i:n,dividuality will not
slide into the round hole of d~-as-you-are~bid. The
principle of variation, so important in tP,e evolution
of the natural world, "must not .eperate here, for property shivers at change.
·
So he must be an outcast, a pariah frs often as not
of refi!1ement and cu)t'nre and radiant personality, a
relief from the conventionally molded, a living refutation of the hope that the education and the train-
'
A different type has appeared In the groups of dis·
employed that eagerly crowd around the bulletins at
the employment agencies. The c.lerk and bookkeeper
and counter salesman with white collar and johnny h'at,
rubs elbows with he of the bindle stick and flat wheel.
iug of the schools can solve his problem. Despite
ad \'rrse evidence, his passion for cleanliness bubbles
up in the suds wherewith he scrubs his shirts and
sochs and handkerchiefs when he finds a berth in a
(·amp. H e is the Great Unsubmissive. He has no
vote with which to protest his misery-not even a vote
by mail-and it is the least of his troubles, for he has
no faith in the vote as a condition-chang~r. He is
young and the compelling life-tides- ·s urge thr.ough
him and nature's laws mock at man's. Even so, were
he otherwise, machinery has sloughed him off and
were he and all people vocationally trained and submissive, the pertinence of his question and answer
in his much-prized "Hallelujah Bum" song would be
the same:
"0, why don't you work lik e the other men do 1"
"How in hell can I work when there's no work to do?"
Still, beyond that is the fact that his lungs are
not adapted to a slave atmosphere. With the scarcity
�1U
The Western Comrade
of jobs has come the necessity for subservience to
hold one, and that is foreign to him. He is the element which has heretofore creamed off from effete
civilizations into new eountries and has become the
stock of a more stalwart race.
\Vith no new worlds to c-onquer. ·what will he do
now 1 Is he to be merely flotsam and jetsam, only a
trench-filler· ·for us to walk over to a higher civilization, or is lw the f.loldier of the Ultimate Gooa 1 Is
he thl' urH·outh HobPrt of "The ioif·n·ant In the House"
Now the blanket stiff has scratched his songs in his
own language on the walls of the Spokane jail. Later
he has collected and printed them. In the long
shadows at the edge of forests, in the white wastes
of the Northern camps, in the cheer of burning railroad ties, in vision stroking the ole sab-cat he teaches
his rebel philosophy and sings. His little r ed songbook is sacred to him, and the sacred things of
paunched plenty are his jest and by-word.
"But what would we do without him? " I said,
harking back to him of the flat wheel .
"He does add pieturesqucness to the landscape,"
said my friend. " His tin cans and the remnants of
his c:how decorate the hy-paths contiguous to railroad yards, his dangling coffee pot, the excrescence
upon his back ' - " I don't mean that.''
"0, wei!, wr all know th e capitalist mode of pr·o'
duction cannot get along· without
him. It must haYe
its masses of unemployed shifting here and there with
_'whic h to club down wag~s " - "That is all banal-Pxcept the clubbing. H e was
Fri(la,v 7\Torning Cl uhll('d last winter, but 1t has not
become common yet. It is in his role as philanthropist
that he is indispensabl e. How would p eople know
they had offieials to protect th em if they couldn't
t h ro\1· a seare throuf!h the papers now and then about
thP drsernt of lawl~ss honlf's 'u pon our fair city 1
Thert· are really intelligent pPr·sons in the upper
classes who are bor ed to extinction in societ y and with
eulture fo r· 'culture's sake in th e clubs. What a boon
for 1\Ty Lady of the Upl ift whrn the dear Unemployed
furnish es her with an outlet for h er ennui. He also
furnishrs our So<·ialist frirnds with endless material
for rrsolutions, manifrstoes, fiery or·atory and an exI
ruse to go to tht• Lrgislatnre; and• th e n ewspapersyou mu st adm it tha t they said some r eal plain things
It's a Long Way to Tipperary or Any Other Point
Where There· Is a Job for This
last wintt•r ahout poor proplr hein g lured her e, the
Weary Blanket. Stiff
\\' it·krdnrss of it ' •·
'' Salve. The unemployed is not a local difficulty,
who is to c· lean th e ra rrron from und t•r ou r reekin g not a creature of geography, hut of the wages systc•m.
super'>! r udnre?
\Vhat mattrr if h e is m Los Angeles, New York or
In "The Ri~e of thl' Arner·ican Proletarian," 1\ustin Chi eago? HE l S, a nd hers m a ll these plac es. He is
Lewis says, "A nyt hin g whi eh tPnds to ohse ure the . u hiquitous. ''
antitl.i.es~ l:'Xist ing- in a soeia l org;llli zation, to hide
"Still it is a distinct gain wh en th e public press
the ront t'IHiif'tion. is an ohstaelr in t lw path of prog- lays t hP blame 'dJC r e it belongs and castigates the
t·ess. "
'l'o tlw hlaukrt stiff the eontradietion is f'hamhrr of Commercr and Big Business for causing
tripp~~ lTlH't' fl p !mom;;.
prople to rome wh er·c th ere is no work for them . You
And '0, hrwar·e ! H e sin gs.
know the great po"·er of public ity. I see this year the
Lor·ia trlls how t h<• T r oubadours eamp and "·cut police a r e going to c·hasc th em out of town.''
with th l' ft•utlaJ epoeft. Of th e l;Ol'l'PSpOnding poesy of
" Th e Chamlwr of C'ommeree?''
all JWriods of <' hang-f': how lnng11agf' is modified by
"~o. the unemployrd."
oppres. ed elasse during- times of social decomposi·''"<' 11 , we did have a pcrfer·tly lovely excrtrng
tion.
t ime last winter. First thry wrre in th r River Bed-"
�...
li
The Western Comrade
''Lovely for the men shivering in the rain in the
River Bed.''
''They were soon taken to jail. And certainly there
was one splendid thing which came out of the interest
in the unemployed aroused here last year. The Municipal Employment Bureau-"
"Which connects the jobs and the jobless."
"Don :t he sarcastic, please. Even a Bureau cannot perform miracles and connect the jobless that is
with the job that isn ·t. But it has provided one place
where the unemployed can sit on the curb without
being told to mo\'e on. And, as you say about pictures<[U\'Ill'ss, looking down Franklin str.eet with the
men strung along like blackbirds on a telegraph wire,
it really gives a foreign touch, and when we get the
Belgian widows-''
''Did it ever occur to you why the well-fed do all
these wonderful things for the unemployed T Loria
says, 'It is the voice of egoism that advises the dominent class to relieve the sufferings it has caused in
order to avoid the danger of possible retaliation. . . .
Under such condit~ons .the egoistic sentiment would
never succeed in.· establishing perfect moral relations.' ''
· "You do not think, then, that we shall abolish our
blanket stiff?''
"·what if he shall . abolish you Y"
'' Ah-h-h !''
Lunacy
By A. F. GANNON
P. BARRON is a hard-headed son
of the soil; a saie, sane and average citizen of the type known as the "backbone" of the country. It is notable that
his kind is never accused of being the
''heart'' or the ''soul,'' attributes not
held m common with cold-blooded
fishes and creeping reptiles.
1\ ftcr roci·eing \\'hat he eonsidered a competence
from th e soil, ami mortgages, of a Middle-Western
state, he came to abide in Los Angeles. At an outing
of a state society in Eastlake Park we renewed a boyhood .aequaintanee that had lapsed since one night
many years before when J had folded my tent and
silently stolen away to the intellectual vantage-point
of New York.
From the world's way of looking at things, and
his own, '' Lem'' was a success. One of his two daughters was attending a famous Eastern girl's college,
and the second, a pretty miss of 17, was in a local high
school. Mrs. Barton was exactly as I had pictured her
metamorphosis from the buxomly inclined girl I knew
in youth. Beaming with pride in "pa," whom she
considered second only to ·w illiam Jennings Bryan in
sagacity, sh~ made me welcome in their home, where
I afterward visited ' frequently.
Lemuel 's patriotism is both voluble and vehement.
His ''we'' plays a prominent part in our many disputatious anent international events that seem likely
to embroil the nation. ·when I, after my fashion, strip
the flesh of fallacy and fabrication from each successive "scare" and show him the skeleton of Profit
- from the closet of Capitalism, he takes sputtering refuge in the platitudes aLout changing human nature.
His is the cleverly inculated and nurtured common.
~~~:'IE:\IUEL
..
conviction that war will continue until some subtle
change, emanating from a vague source, probably The
Hague Tribunal, come.s over humanity and makes it
''good.'' Until then, it is his belief, we should bear
with its hero-producing and business-stimulating horrors, and after each convulsion prepare to avoid the
next-much as if a small boy laid in a supply of unripe
apples to avoid an attack of cholera morbus.
The lumbering manner in which Barron conducted
his arguments often left an opening of which I was
not slow to take advantage occ.asionally, more for the
fun of noting his wry grimace on taking a cropper
than in any hope of shattering his opinionativeness.
''You're as crazy as Clay Breckenridge ! '' was his
usual rejoinder when cornered in contention, or when
I laid open for his inspection, with the scalpel of Socialistic reasoning, an especialTy tender and deepseated plutocratic fester in the body social.
I remembered Clay Breckenridge as a not robustwitted boy who loitered about the country newspaper
office where I was employed as "devil "-and right
here, to digress, let me suggest that "ministering
angel'' would be a fat· more descriptive and appropriate designation of this humble Hermes of the types.
When I was graduated to the heights of newsgathing, Clay fell heir to the position I vacated. Later,
when my dream of literary dominance drove me to
New York, and a decade of ultra-instantaneous lunches,
he slowly faded into the mist at the back of memory.
Recalled suddenly to mind again the first time my
friend used the odd phrase with its ugly intimatian,
my eager inquiry elicited the facts from him and his
wife in a joint recital.
From the story the Barrons related, it seems that
Clay Breckinridge, for all his incipient mania, had the
�12
The Western Comrade
forethought to desert jour'n alism for an apprenticeship in a local machine shop, from whence, in due
time, he emerged a competent journeyman. At 23
he married the girl of his heart.
Happy in the possession of their own little cottage,
the Brcckcnridges, with their two children, a girl born
at ab.out Hte same time as Barron's oldest daughter,
and a boy two years younger, were respected by all·
and envied hy some less ideally mated coupl-es.
or a 1Jookislt turn of mind , and exceptional mechani('al ability along im·Ntti\'e lines, his mind was
never i•llc·, so tlw ~ro\\·tl! ·or his mental discrepancy
could uot lJr as1·1'ibcd to tlwt fruitfui source of. phanta!>y.
BatTon t'(•c·riV<'tl his fil'st intitnation that all "·as
not t·i~l:t in tht• Bre('l\inriclge ,household, although he
attaehc·d no signific·anc·(' to it. at the time, f't·om his
oldest gir·l, l\lar·.v, thr·n a tot of !J. One eYening on return in g from sehoo l, in :1. hurst of childish eonfidcnce,
she exclaimcrl :
"Alice Brcekcnl'idge asl\cd me for a piece of hreau,
today, pa." On the following afternoon a similar admissioll was mndr, by the ehild, supplemented by the
additional information that "she didn't eat it-she
gave it to her little brothct·, Jimmie, to eat."
'!'his set Barron to thinking, and later to discussing
the odd occurrence with his wife. '!'hey decided to
question the child more closely upon her retum from
school that day. Their inquisition netted them knowledge which determined them . to investigate further.
Mrs. Barron called at the Breckenridge cottage on the
following day. After a constrained greetipg and invitation to enter, l\Irs. Breckenridge explained that
Clay was off to work, and then lapsed into a halfsullen and unusual silence upon the plea of headache.
The subterfuge did not fool the l{indly Mrs. Barron,
nor did a brief outblll'st of temper a bit later deter her,
now that her intuition prompted her to action. In half
an hour the slender, tear-wracked girJ was sobbing out
her secret on the ample, sympathetic bosom of her interlocutor.
For a year past, Clay Breckenridge, in every other
respect1 sane, was queer on the subject of weapons.
On the•walls of what he termed his "armory," a locked
room vacant for all else, to which the young wife admitted her astounded visitor, were hundreds of them,
from the brass knuckles and black-jaek"of the thug to
tlie modern high-powererl and high-priced rifles. Sick
at heart she viewed the gruesome collection into which
Clay had put every available cent.
.
As his mania for arming developed, his wife explained, he grew to care less and less for the needs
of her and their chilchen and more for his growing
array of murd('rous implements. '!'hey seemed to fill
his every thought in waking moments, and though'
as yet be had shown no desire to use tb~m, she feared
for him since of late he had taken to carrying so~e of
the smaller varieties about his pockets. For months
she had fought valiantly by prayer and argument to
drive the encroaching horror from his mind, but to
no avail. Impervious to thre~ts or entreaties when his
children first b~gan ·to suffer for clothing and finally
for food, he ro.d e h!s:hobby. Only .that very morning
he ~aq. detailed to · her the advantages of ha\ing a
l\Iaxim rapid-fire gun mounted at the wjndow of his
"~rmory" .t o COIJ?mand the· front gate, in the event
of an ·attacl~ from that quarter. Old Emmons, the
hat·dware dealer, she lu1d. taken into her confidence
some months since, returning· to him many weapons
sold by. him a few hours before and having its purchase price refunded. Constantly fearing that his employer· or ·the· public ~vould come to learn the truth
and destroy her liopes of effecting a secret cure of
his hallucination, she strove for many heart-breaking
months. Clay, lately,..noting the disappearance of
some of his. rriost t:ostly and cherished treasures, had
broken with E'mmons, after a stormy interview, and
was dealing directly with a large mail-order house,
so she was now deeply discouraged and on the point
of giving up the task as hopeless. 'l'he one thing she
dreaded most was the . stigma that would attach to
the children in the event that she did; but the horror
of their present existence now · almost equalled .that
dread.
Mrs. Barron assured her of sympathy and material
assistance, but counseled her to have Clay examined,
with a view to commitment and cure.
On the next day, while at work on a lathe in the
Acme Machine Works, Bree~enridge was arrest~d for
carrying concealed weapons. "Lem" Barron and the
sheriff, in searching his street clothing, found two
loaded revolvers, and in th e hip pocket of the overalls
he was wearing, a deadly little Colt automatic. His
arrest and detention for examination as to his sanity
was the sensation of the little town for many a 9ay.
:\Iuch sympathy anrl real assistance was heaped upon
his wife and children.
Clay's clever 'presentation of his ''peace'' theo.ry
to the alienists, summoned frotp. the metropolis to pass
upon his case, was of no avail. His point that "the
true way to avoid trouble is to be at all times abund- ·
antly prepared to meet and cope with it" feU upon unsympathetic ears.
Devoid of technical jargon, the doctors' verdict
was "Lunacy."
"Plum nutty." was the inelegant conclusion of the
average citizen of the ·community-along whose spinal
(Continued on Page 25)
�The Western Comrade
.13
Who Are the Socialists?
By ALBERT A. JAMES
W
E ARE often asked the question:· ·Who is a Socialist 1 In these times of reformism we find
men who call themselves Socialists voting for a "go.o d
man'' for fear a ''bad man'' will be elected.
Is it possible that some of OUl' former comrades
are tired of being the dynamite that must blast out
the rocks of capitalism 1 Is it true they want to 'join
the steam-shpvel brigade?
What could the mushy leaders of Progressivism do
toward establishing dire c~ legislation if it were not for
the dynamite of economic truth as proclaimed by the
revolutionary Socialist ?
How far would the Hi~am Johnsons get with their
state insurance if it were not for the demand of the
"undesirables" for the WHOLE LOAF?
When the oil trust and big land grabbers wanted
to throw the working men of America at the throats
of the workers of Mexico, what caused them to hesitate? Was it the ''good men'' or was it the old revolutionary wheelhorses who proclaim the universal
brotherhood?
·when a public service corporation meets in secret
session with a city council, what power do they discuss? Is it a Progressive railroad commission or is it
an initiatory law in the hands of a revolutionary So-
cialist who has not bowed the knee to capitalistic
''respectability.''
When the food trust of America is trying to determine the ·highest point to which they can boost the
price of t'fte nec.essities of life,. do they consider law or
Interstate Con;urierce Commission or any of the socalled Progressive mearis of controlling commercialism ; or do they first think of the revo_lutionary cry :
.. "LET THE NATION OWN THE TRUSTS!"
To that comrade who is thinking of voting for a
man, either .good or bad, we would remind you that a
m11-n: may ·go 'Wreng-a principal never does.
Then ag:ain, this world is governed by ideals, not
men. Today it is ruled .b y ideal of commercial cannibalism which ior~es your so-called "good man" to devour 'the living 'of his fellow.
The revolutionary Socialist votes and works for the
complete 9verthrow· of a system ofindustry that breeds
hatred an9, war, and for the establishment of a cooperative system of industry in harmony with the new
ideal of brotherhood.
It seems that it would be impossibl~ fo~ one who
has caught a vision of the great suffering of the mass ·
caused by our present system, to forget their welfare
and give a thing so sacred .as a ballot to one man, a
helpless man.
The Poisoners
By HOMER CONSTANTINE
L
OS ANGELES is plagued with a twilight journal Scab,'' are largely giverf to the usual pabulum of prize .
that in its tiresome toadyism and sickening fights, scandals and a vulgar and reverential flaunting
sychophancy is usually merely boresome. There are of the news of the wives of the oil kings and beet
times, however, when its mephitic odors are so all- barons.
pervading the creature itself attracts attention.
Other newspapers of this stripe in more favored
This painted prostitute is an illigitimate daughter cities are notoriously lush with grossness, sensation,
of a notorious mesa'lliance begotten in shame and brutality, debauch~ng incitements and braz~n , lies.
whelped in the slimy alley of redlight journalism.
This evening squawk tags. along and does her best to
~lways fawning on the big"bellied bourgoise of the keep in the drawing room-with the· older and more ex.
.
Los Angeles throng of nuveau riche, this bedizened perienced Lahms of the brothel.
harlot has become distinguished as the champion lickAn example of the methods of the local Fannie Hill
-spittle of all .the journalistic Doll Tearsheets that dis- is shown in an item under date line of New York, November 14, in which a doubtful yarn is spun about the
- grace California.
The sheet is a cheap and gaudy imitation of the alleged finding of a bomb in a New York police. court.
other kept ladies in the yellow kid seraglio. Its pages, After telling of the heroism of an inspector the item
up to the space it can spare after placing all the winds up with the gratuitous statement.
delectable advertising with headlines_ such as ''Sick,
"Magistrate Campbell, several months ago, senSour and Gassy Stomach" and "Baby's Head: a Solid tenced Bouck White to Blackwell's Island. Yesterday
.I
�T be Western Com r a de·
14
the magisl!ate received a threatening letter.''
Simple and easy, isn't itT
Two and two make four !
Magistrate sends White to prison!
Magistrate receives threatening letter! (From
whom not stated, but the inference is perfectly plain.)
B_omb is found in magistrate's court!
Now doesn't it follow that the warden of Blackwells gave Bouck White leaYe of absence to run down
to the Tombs and place a nifty little bomb in the court
room under a seat-not under the judge's bench, but ·
under a spectator's seat-arid then scamper back to jail.
This news item was good enough to catch a top
column position, page 1, colUJi.D 6.
From the pen of the primal 'pimp in New York to
the pencil and paste pot of the pusillanimous pup on
the local copy chopper's desk the insidious poison was
injected into the item.
Bouck White was sent to Blackwells because he
thought to find Christianity in a New York church.
Christ would li~ve received the saiQ.e sente~ce-only it
might have been .Mattewan!
Are they again framing s·omething · against Bouck
WhiteY_ Looks that way:
Nice,-~ Green
W
ELL, the emergency currency is in circulation.
Kow don't grow facetious and pretend to
he surprised and say that none of it has .reached you
yet. It is a solemn occasion.
This n ew monry, thry say, is printed on nice
crinkly paper with bright green ink and, if you can
get hold of any of it, it wi ll huy potatoes and pork.
Your g1·eat government has issued many millions
of this new money. Th e big iclea was to makl! it
easier for you to mt·ct your obligations. No plan was
worked out as to how the hundreds of thousands of
unemployed and the continuously growing number of
disemployed wrre to grt hold of any of this printed
money to meet the serious obligation of keeping alive.
That is your problem and the government is too
"T
Money!
busy to worry over problems that disturb the working
class.
This emergency oorrency scheme is working · out
beautifully-for the banker. The banker gets the
money at a low rate of' interest. Then, if you have
good and _sufficient security • ou may borrow this
money from the banker at from 7 to 9 per cent!
Bring prosperity 1 Relieve stress 1 Surest thing in
the world! 'J'his measure will go a long way toward
ameliorating the deplorable condition of the rich bankers in Cal~fornia!
.
But the Dubb family, large and thriving, is fond
of this sort of thing. Witness the fact that He.nry and
Henrietta of California elected an encrusted, indurated
reactionary plutocrat to the United States Senate.
Historic Utterances
HE public he damned! I'm not running this
road for the benefit of the public. l 'm running
it for my own benefit. ''-Comclius Vanderbilt of the
New York CentraL
''To hell with the constitution! "-Major McClelland, commanding the state militia (paid by the mine
owners' association) during the Colorado miners' strike
and lockout in 1904.
'* * *
* * *
'"rhe rights and interests of the laboring man wilL
"Habeas corpus be damned I We'll give them
be protected and ear ed for, not by labor agitators, but post-mortems instead.' '-Adjutant General Sherman
by- the Christian men to whom God in His infinite Bell of the Colorado militia, defying the orders of the
wisdo!p has given .control of the property interests of civil courts.
the country.' '-George lVL Baer, mine owner, during
·-!!' * *
the coal strike of 1902.
"I'm working for my own pocket all the time."* * *
Richard Croker of Tammany Hall, under whose regime
"I see no solution for the · probletn until hunger
Sehmittberger became a power in the police.
compels capitulation.' '-Charles L. Eidlitz, president
of the New York Building Trades Employers' Associa* * *
(
tion, during the loclwut in July, 1903.
''Strike! They (the American workingmen) have
'* * *
no jobs ow 1 We do not want to take up work again
"The club is mightier than the constitution. "-In- now. So what can they doT They will have to subspector Schmittberger of the New York police force in mit or they will starve. "-J. Pierpont Morgan·, febthe police riot in Union Square on March 28, 1908.
ruary, 1908.
�Tb .e
Wesr~rn
Comrade
15
The Hero
By JOHN RUS$ELL McCARTHY
From Poetry for. November
and hail and shell
BOMB
Had done their work so well
That, after many weeks,
The city fell.
(To save the women, so the burghers said.)
'rhen with red-dripping sword,
W e, the enemy, poured
Down through the streets
To know what spoils the city might afford.
(What are the spoils of war ?)
A corporal, n ameless, with a little troop
Of nameless men, has stopped before a stoop
Whose door 's aj a r .
The corporal laughs. ' ' Ha ! Note the family group ! ''
(A man and wife, three daughters-and a dog. )
Ten of th e soldiers enter. ' ' Seize the goat.
No, no, don't shoot him-cut the villain 's throat.
That 's right, a little blood. Don't splatter so, you
fool, before the ladies.
What, not dead y et 1 You've bled a quart, you
bloat!"
(A corporal must have his joke, you know. )
"Well, let him die. There 's tastier business now.
Here, you two nearest, strip me that old sow.
Too fat by far-but get those rags off, boysThat) it. ~ow tie her up so she can see the row."
(What are the spoils of war?)
"Now for the ninnies. Three to each, and quick!
Hell !-what a form. She 'd make a queen look sick'
She 's mine. You take the others,
And when you're through, a butt 'll do the trick. "
(A r~fle butt isl a_ handy thing, they say. )
An hour later: "Stretch .them in a row.
The old sow 's fainted. Didn 't like the· show,
Perhaps, Fat-ugh! · Better unburden her bellyTh.at 's it--:-a twist' of the sw~r.Q. . . Well, bring the
dog, .~nd off we go ! ''
(A mascoCs g.o od to ·lieep the spirits up. )
,.
•
.
•
•
•
Again the howl of .wal';
Again the roar
Of cannon, and the ~ain
Of bombs froi:n: ships t~at !Oar.
(And we must ·win, for G'od is. on our side!)
The devilish ene!llJ:
Force onward, sullenly.
\V e are turned, driven, routedDrop ev.erything, and flee.
(Why does not God u.phold the right?)
But see! <J'he flag is raised ·
And waved aloft! Amat~e d,
But ready to be led, we turn ;ibout.
'Tis the work of the very God we praised.
(Men can do worse than follow a flag.)
And there in th e mighty din
We win,
And turn to see who bore the col<trs back.
We gather round and hem the hero in( A nameless corporal, now to be named forever.)
•
•
•
•
Mark where the hero stands,
A banner in his hands;
Banner of bronze in hands of bronze!
Bronze on granite forever he s·tands.
(Was he ·DOt chosen of God n .
The Tale_s of a Traveler
T
HOSE· who have not been following the "Tales of a Traveller, " running in EVERYMAN, have missed one
of the keen est pieces of satire that has been printed in modern times. A stranger from a distant planet visits Acirema (spell it backwards) and makes an investi gation of conditions there. Upon his return to his home
the traveller has an almost incredible story to t ell. Th e weird customs of the strange land are described in
language that is direct and convincing. The stories ruthl essly t ear aside our mask of hypocrisy and sham
and show up our so-called civilization in all its hideousness. Luke North has handled this in his usual admiJ·able way, but his style in this is new, crisp ahd d elightful. .It is hoped that this clev:er series may be
r eproduced jn book form.
·
�..,, ...
c
e
r,!!:=I!!J!!!!!!!!:I1f1E~
the
8Un
rises over the Three Sistem
lmtt~:SJ,
it intK tbe snoweap on the iierra
)J aiJn-s with a mddy glow that grow
into golden glory and becomes a dazzling .
wl1Jte haf:kf,>Tound to the foo~Us of the
Llano del Hio.
Down in the valley the rus)ring
filtreams flow between rowa of cotton, an ~JrMd out ow:r the broad green alfalfa
fJdds and the growing orchards.
'Members of the co-oper;ltive colony who are spendColonists starting to the ,Polling 'place on el otlon day
jng t hei r firHt winter on the llano declare the climate
idNtl fm· 1herc is a nip and tang to the morning air.
J~'or two weckH at. frequent intervals, heavy banks
oped rapidly as new member hav b n l' ruit d.
of 1•loudH hav1• Yl:ilr•d the face of the mountains and
Hot rivalry exist between the two·} ading ba all
lain in heavy lold'l over the foothills, pouring out organizations which go u:nder the name of "H ndqu rflood s of rain and snow in the high range while th e ters '' and '' Ilotd' ' team . Their unday gam ar
valley below and to f he northward has been bathed in largely attended and new talent is ag rly ought.
HUnshh1o and the middle part of the days have been New r ecruits are frequently de crib d in om
u h
warm nnd pl ruRant.
manner as '' l\Ir. Blank is a plumber, !lingle, 22 y nr
Colony ucti viti •s have ueen unabated and no time of age, plays the slide trombone a"Pd third ba . ''
htUl 1J •em lost 0 11 account of. th e light showers that have
fall •u in th vall ys.
'j1hunlcsgiving dinner ut the colony was tne occasion
for the most llOtnble gathering since the colony has
ucell >stablish d.
n
hundt·od I}Dd thit·ty-four persons sat down to
dinn r in th • bi g a s mbly room at the Club House
und si ·t e n of th ir comrades were the volunteet·
~ it rs.
ood nts galor had be n provided and over a
or of fat and w 11 gnrni hed turkeys formed the
pi
d r istnn at the tables. While there was no
f rmn.l pr gr~m, G org Heffner, who is chairman of
th
lfnr committe pre ided and speeches . were
mad b J b l o.rrimnn Frank P. Ic:Mahon, W. A.
Engl •
J. il on, aud L. A. Cooke of the board of
di · tors.
t night a dance was given under -the au ia
rth ent r inment committee, of which Mi s
r n:
dar trom Mrs.. ara Richards a..nd Bert
l v th l ders. The children s dancing class
tibit\oo minu. t and danced the Vtrginia
A glimpse at son:'e of the temporary ho11ae• at
Llano del Rio
D.
The state election was an occaBion to test the soli·
darity of colonists. It was made the o~asion for an
outing and all of the registered voters were taken to
Palmdale to vote. A big truck with a trailer WeB tbe
means of transportation. The ruks ere tilled with
allaifa, covered with blankets, luneh.es p:roviclOO, :and
grown to be .a popu- the merry crowd of voters startRA on their joumey
life in the c · ony has devel- · wh.ieh as made the oeea.sion f..or a delightful ~-
�·,
Tbe Western Comrade
hows Rapid Growth ifornia Community Enterprise
They voted the straight Socialist ticket · and let the
''good men'' and ''bad men'' on the Capitalist ticket
go their way.
The annu.al meeting of the stockholders of the Mescal Company was held in the assembly hall and was the
occasion for an enthusiast-ic rally. 'l'he officers for the
ensuing year are: Job Harriman, president; F. P. McMahon and A. F. Snell, vice-presidents; W. A. Engle,
src retary; G. P. l\f cCorkle, treasurer. These ·and the
following compose the board of directors: David Cederstrom, L. C. Dawson. The latter two are new directors
and take the places of A. J. Mooney an.j F. D. Howell,
who resigned some weeks ago. P erfect harmony prevailed and the result of the election was satisfactory
to all.
Before January 1, four departments of the colony
are expected to r eceiYe a tr·emendous impetus by the
addition of stock and ne.w heads to the division. Probably the most important of these will be the acquisition of a new herd of dairy cattl e, Jerseys and Holsteins.
W. S. Anderson, formerly of Ontario, will have
charge of the live stock and dairy department. He is
one of th e best CCJ,uipped ran chers in California and a
valuable acquisition to the colony. Good progress has
been made with the new buildings for the dairy. This
department is expected to be a success from the opening day.
Another important addition will be the poultry division under the di.rection of D. C. Copley, formerly
of Bellflower, Cal. He takes nearly one thousand white
leghorn hens and pullets to the colony. Under the
directions of the expert, George Reeslund has drawn
plans for the latest and most scientific poultry house.
Mr.t Copley expects to have nine thop.sand birds in h,is
pens by next spring. He is particularly proud of his
champion first prize tom turkey, the winner of the blue
ribbon for the best bird at the S(?uthern California
• Breeders' Show. He says the llano is the most ideal
turkey raising" country. The Toulouse and Emden
geese in the colony pens are also prize winners at the
same exhibition.
B. G. Burdick, formerly of Redlands, for several
years of the Beekeepers' Association of California, has
taken charge of the apiary department and is .complet-
Waterfall a short . dlstance above Luckel's -camp.
The ice cold stream will be diverted and used In the
trout fishery a few hundred yards below.
ing arrangements to take several hundred stands of
beet~ to the colony. He expects to have sev.eral thousand stands of bees and' to make this one of the best
paying d epartments in the enterprise.
James N. Stevens, of Bellflower, has joined the colony and will remove several hundred pure blood Belgian hares to the colony as soon as the new houses are
completed.
...
Geor.ge T. Collins, formerly of Portland, ·Oregon,
and Madison, Wis., an expert accountant, has joined
the colo:py and has been appointed auditor. He will
take charge of the accounting and will "expert"· every
department of the colony. Collins as a stude~t and
an .athlete, became instantly popular. He is a pitcher
with a red hot twister that makes him in great demand .
In the accounting department he will be expected to
show heads of departments how to charge a hen with
each grain of kaffir corn and credit 'her with each egg.
He looks with dismay at the prospects from time to
time of taking the census of the Belgian hares.
Miss Elinor Richards has made wonderful progress
�.v. The
18
Western Comrade
- with the school. She has about thirty-five youngsters.
New recruits arrive every week. Many of the children
have never seen such magnificent distances as the valley shows, and the altitude is conducive to a strange
exhilaration that must ·m ake the new come~s difficult
to handle in the confines of the schoolroom.
The· new brick machine has arrived at the llano,
and soon the snow white Roman bricks will be turned
out at the rate of several thousand a day. Then will
come the day of ascendency for the bricklayers. L. A.
Cooke, chief archit~ct, declares when he get~ his crews
View ~f the_Llanc,-cluli. ho~se: just before co":'pletion.
working he can turn out houses at the rate of five a
.
.
week. These houses will be of white brick and red -by clearing eighty -acTes of land in five days by the
and green tile and will contain an the modern con- use of the giant tractor. ·· Two . men follow them and
veniences and luxuries. The smallest of them will keep the pace by burning brush and gleaning behind
have a dining room 12x25, kitchen, dressing room, bath, the big machine.
pantries, closets, and three additional rooms, any of
Enough .a).:>ple trees hav-e been purchased to plant
which may be used as bed chambers.
160 acres additional· o.rchards. These will soon be put
Horace and Frank Farmer broke their own records into some of the land recently cleared.
The Colony Apiary
B
EES have been described as the most perfect Socialists. Certainly no more wonderful team work
could be imagined than that of a colony of honey
m~~•
On the broad plateau of the southern part of the
B.
G:
about modern scientific methods of handling bees than
l\1r. Burdick, who for the past year has devoted himself t; the production of queens. He has met with wonderful success in raisiJ;lg Italian queens, .Leather,
Golden and Carniolian queens.
Mr. Burdick made but one visit to the Llano ·del
Rio Colony. He spent two ·days looking over the various projects and immediately cast his .lot with the
comrades in the colony.
Among the vocational classes of the future will be
one of scientific bee raising with special attention
given to the production of q11eens.
With myriad wild flowers in the spring, a steady
growth of sage and the proximity of the colony orchards, and hundreds of acres of_blooming alfalfa, the
llano is an ideal location for the business of production
Burdick among the bees
I
Antelope Valley is found an ideal place for a numher
of apiaries with a total of several thousand "stands"
of bees a nd it is the intention of the Llano del Rio colony to establish this extensive industry there.
13. G. Burdick of Redlands, for several years president of the.California Bee Keepers' Association and
president of the San Bernardino Bee Keeper.s ' Club, has
taken out his membership in the co-operative colony
and will transport from Redlands to Uano about 150
two-story hives of bees.
Probably no bee k eeper in California knows more
Trucking honey to market
�T be Western Com r a·d e
of honey: Mr. Burdick ~ays he is certain he will have
plenty of efficient and experienced assistants among
the colonists.
''A small person who uses his head is worth more
than a ton of 'beef' in the bee yard. A liberal supply
of both brain and muscle is the ideal combination and
I am certain to find plenty of this sort of men among
the colonists,'' said the :queen maker in· talking o:rer
the plans for future apiary activities at Llano.·
"Women will find ideal occupation in queen teariJlr.
The work is light and women take to it very aptly.
They learn quickly and like the work. I see no reason
why' women should not take a l.a rge part in this department of industry."
·
Nothing to Liv-·e For
T
By CLARA R. CUSHMA.N
HERE i~ a boy in our town-a clean, husky lad
with a fighting arm and chin. He ~orks 12
hours a day in a sugar factory, and spends a
great deal of his spare time with the girl he would marry if he only had the money. But he always finds an
hour or two to read a little history or adventure.
"It's no fun living these days," he constantly
grumbles. "No punch to life, just drudge, drudge,
drudge. Now if a fellow had something worth while
to fight for between jobs he wouldn't mind t~e work
so much. I wish I had lived when there was something doing. I wish I had been in the French Revolution. I wish I had been my great grandfather and
fought the British soldiers here in America· Gee,
that ·was some cause. ''
He flexes his big arm. "But everybody's free in
America, nowadays. Nothing to think a.bout and nothing to do but. sTave!"
At ~ome future time there will be another boy ill
our town-a cle!in, husky lad with a fighting arm and
chin. ·· He too will thirst for romance and adventure
and something big and fine to live for.
.
'' W:Qat ~ame ti~es ·these are,'' he will grumble,
as he flexes his 'bjg arm sadly. "Everybody is comfortable nowadays. If I only had a great cause to
fight for! If I had .orily livea back in the beginning
of the twentieth .century!" His eyes will glow. "Those
were the stirring times, when the workers were fighting for freedom. What songs the~ had, what writers,
what orators and poets, and best of all, what fighters
and what martyrs! 'Workers of the World Unite!'
Ah , there was a cause to work and live and.die for I"
Making More Heroes
L
ET us now praise heroic deeds !
At last the German cruiser Emden, scourge of
the Indian Seas, has lJecn destroyed.
Great credit to the mighty British Navy? Not at all.
An archaic, undersized, poorly equipped cruiser of
an inferior class bas been driven ashore and burned.
The victory; the V. C. and such glory as will be taken
goes to the officers of an Australian cruiser of speed
and guns.
Before it was destroyed the Emden roved the South-
ern Seas and captured or sunk twen:ty-two ships,
mostly unarmed steamers of commerce, flying the British flag. These acts of legalized pirally also will be
chronicled as heroic and brave.
Now that the Emden's. bones bleach on the coral
reefs of Cocos, the whole performance stands out in
all its ghastly, sickening sordidness.
Victory 1 Glory 1
It all reeks of capitalism's putrescence and smells
of a dead and decaying system.-F. H. W.
Our Final Aim
T
HE final aim of Socialism-its ultimate purpose
and goal-is as follows:
The free democracy, with equal ec(momic and political rights: the free society with associative labor.
The welfare of all is for us the one end of the state
anti society.
We seek justice and fight injustice.
We seek free labor and attack wage slavery.
We seek the prosperity of all and stt:uggle against
misery.
We seek the education of all and fight ignorance
and barbarism.
We seek peace and order and combat the murder of.
people, the class war and social anarchy.
Vve seek the Socialist people's state and attack the
despotic class state.
Whoever desires these t.h ings and struggles for
them, let ~1im unite with us and- work with all his
strength for our cause-for the cause of Socialismfor the cause of humanity, whose victory is assured.
�Tbe We tern Comr de
ight
~",=!!~!!!!!!!!!~ HERE
•
lS
is positively no sueh thing as
right. Xowhere in this world, or out of
it, ean man plaee his finger upon any one
item and call it right, and proceed to
prove hi<> as.o;ertion. Infinitely less can
be 11how where this patent commodity,
ahstral't right, bas its domecilium.
)~n has talked about right, fought
for right, prcachNI alJOut right, sung about it; taken up
collcction!l for it, paid for it, but he has ne-ver qwned
any, for the mature reason th;It there's n(,)be iu the·
mark£>t.
People, in momeuts of ahbe~ation, have -touchingly
inform£><1 us that th(• laws of nature are right. But it
iH perf ·dly natural for· a .man to get drunk, set his
mother-in-law on fire, and then commit suicide. At
the inquest they cxpre!ls horror at· this triple act of
JllltlH·f·. tJn(l thr pr·iest rrfuses to the departed brqther,
nnd ~ou of naturr, a Christian burial, because of the
fact that he didn't do just right.
'1'l11·y tell us that th(· Jaws of God are right, and
wh(•n we ask what th ey a r·c, they refe\· us to the Bible.
Turn us loose iu th e Bible and we find all kinds of
1hings going on , Pommanded by God and continually
pr·acticed by llis servants. 'l'hcse things may be right,
l111t we put men iu jail for doing some of them now.
Amongst thrm is war·. For practicing private war we
jail men, while some of our leading citizens and international "lights" arc tr·ying to abolish international
war, maintaining that 'it isn't right.
Almost every kind of sex-relationship has been
right, somewhere along the line. Polygamy, polyandry,
und monogamy have each been proved to be both right
and wrong. Prostitution has been a sacred rite and
accounted holy 1n some religions, and even the Japan sc government appears to look upon it as a lawful
and natural institution. 'l'his of course does not prove
that it isn't wrong, but the point is not what is wrong,
but what i right.
V. h~n a nation, such as the Tartars, the Turks, or
th
oth cea e to eart> for its old-time. stamping
ground it look. around it. What next? Why the next
thing i -move onto omeone else's stamping ground.
And whnt bt>eome of om cone else, poor fellow? Why,
h ~ ju 't bt> ome that all · he fades off the landscape
into n .en cape omcwhere and they forget about him.
Tht>n the nation that tay on the film proceeds to establi h property 'ri{l"h
in the new territory. It be<!om bad form to interft-re with the e rights and
trietly irreligiou .
Tlm T: mariSJlC th [onao) Othman the Turk, and
Rig t
Theodorie the Goth aequired ri!!"b
hieh
ehn:rehes ha:re sinee own to ~ divine.
Kings role by dh·ine l w. This ·~ tru •
Soei.alist does or should ~o""nize it, tmd e ry
eialist should h-Qrry and reeognize it before tb
lishment of the -eo-operath·e eom.monw lth--els
right haTe we to have a commonwe lth f
Charles, by the araee of God,
, and
of the F_ilith, discoYered the diYine right of Kin
the ocialist Part~ , ational Comm~ttee, Rex
endor e him.
The king had the po"'er to dLjoin head from
boulders, and therefore he lw.d the riaht. Th n lh· l'
Cromwell had something happen to th king' hend,
equally right. Then nature (who had th power) hnd
something happen to. <iliwr, aud that wa wrong; he
wouldn't have let it if he eould haYe h lp d it-h
would have lived longer if he CO\lld. Did we ay that
nature was wrong? V·ie meant to ay right; it was a
little mistake.
Thiugs ar·e, becau ·e they haYe the pow r to b .
Nature makes us _sufl'er because she has the power to.
Therefo1·e she is right. But we wonldn 't let h r if w
could prevent it, and wh en we can . top her w do.
Tht>refore we are right.
The Dago, pick and shovelin.g ·wall tt·cet to lay
wires or drains, may only_ annex two dollars a day,
but he annexes it hy might, otherwise he wouldn't
have it. He'd be something else, or nothing, or fertilizer, -it 's nobody 's business. Arid the capitalist, in
the same business metaphorically speaking, boosts th
price of water and keeps out of the penitentiary as
easily as you and I eat a bill'ysundae at the soda fountain. He has the divine right.
I have in my possession a title-deed to a few acres
of land situated in an abandoned military post in Texas.
The title is signed by William Howard Taft, now a
college professor. Will someone in the audience please
explain to the chair (a chair might be able to get it)
by what right one, Taft, sells land in Texas?
·
The ,Indians on.(!e o~~ned ?:exas. Why do they n,o t
punish this naughty Taft man for giving their land
away~ I'll tell you, Archie,-they haven't the power I
If they had, me and Taft would both go to the same
jail. They certainly have the right under the Constitution, for between us we have stolen their property.
Rut we also havt- the right to stay out of the penittm.tiary as long as we are able to, although 1'm not saying how long that may be.
If it came to a show down the Supreme Court in
upholding the ex-President and my elf would probably
�The Western Comrade
hand down (happy expvession) a decision that it was
those wicked Spanish Dons .who stole Texas and not
Mr. Taft. Anyway, the Texas. Indians. wouldn't get
their land back. Our Supreme Court knows what's
right and it's not afraid. If anything goes in italics,
Mr. Printer, let it be the latter part of that sentence
rather than the former.
' But that's true what the Court got off about those
Spaniards. They did annex the Iu'dians' land, and
the Indians' wiYes and daughters and whatever else
they had room for. And as for the Indians themselves,
t IH'Y roasted them if they wcren 't quick enough in ac<tuiring the Nicenc Theology, and dropped them into
II el l if t hey didn't acquir·e it-at all. The Spaniard came
on•r here to anm·x someone else 's money or otherwise
he ,\·ouldn't han· t:OlllC at a].].
The Mexicans stole that piece of land from the
di\·inc King of !:ipain. As to who owns !\Texico just
uow and by what right I leave l\Ir. Taft 's successot· aud
his l'hc·<·rful dlautauqua Secretary of State to guess.
The Secretary is well up in Divinity.
·
Then the Texans stole it from the Mexicans. Their
ri ght is founded on two unimpeachable, impregnable,
inviolable bases of human right- they wanted it; tlwy
got it. That'll do now!
Then th e United States eagle flaps cheerily down
from the north and annexes Texas. Hymn number 427;
32 in the old hooh! (It has a number in all previous
books since the world began.)· "Come yc ne.edy!"
Finally Wm. H. Taft, representing you, gives me
that piece of land, and l defy every law shark and
21
every law troglodyte on earth to break the title. WhY, t.
• Because the army and navy, the church, the stock exchange, Big Business and little business and .no business, the courts, the police, and every olla.r in America
is behind that title and others like it. 1£ it breaks
somebody has to admit that somebody was wrong about
something, and th~t is what nobody has ever done and
it can never: happen. All nations are quite sure that
they .are always rig_ht-and so they are.
ow wben the working class .of America gets
around. to annexing the Vnited States it will have to
take .. the .United States away from the Standard Oil
Company. G,o d has given America to :M:r. Rockefelle~,
otherwi.se Mr. Rockefeller couldn't have got it away
from God. Therefore ·the Standard has a divine right
to America, ·and the working class has a divine right
not to own America until it gets it. When that hour .
strikes, be tpe victo~y by ballots or that other thing, it
will be force that will win and without fprce the Standard Oil ·will remain God's vicegerent on earth.
God rules bee a us~ He ha~e power. If he hadn't
He wouldn't be. on the throne ten minutes. Because
He has thc.power what He says is right; and it changes
e\·ery day. If God hadn't the power "Satan" would
mlc and his right would be right. Then the servants
of "Satan" would elaim that they were the right, .as
they do now-does. n?t the Senator, the grafter, the
white slaver, the child exploiter claim to be ri~ht in
the commission of ·his "crimes·" ?
Let the working class .take a lesson some Fourth of
July and get by heart how things are done-and then
go and do likewise !
S. H.
And "Born With a Job.!"
L
OS ANGELES newspapers are making much ado
about a girl who says she lives on $1.75 a week.
For the benefit of '\''orking girls, department store
employes and others, w~o are earnest students of modern methods of subsisting a fraction above the dead
line, the newspapers print the following expense list for
o'n e week's food :
Coffee-1 V• cents dally.
Bread-2Y2 cents dally.
Beans-3 cents.
Potatoes-3V2 cents.
Meat-10 cents.
Tea-1 V2 cents.
Mlscellaneous-3 cents. Total 25 cl!nts.
Total for one week-$1.75.
This " ·a clipped from a column opposite a big
spread on prosperity, an increased bank clearings
boost, a story that France had placed a $1,000,000 order with an American auto-truck firm and the statement that Charles M. Schwab had closed deals m
Europe for $50,000,000 worth of steel.
There will be some criticism on the expenditure of
three cents a day for miscellaneous food. This should
be itemized.
Then, again: why the extravagance in buying 10
cents worth of cat meat?
This girl is out of work and looking for a job. There
are thousands in the same predicament. Where will
they get the $1.75 plus room ·rent? Perhaps the edi.t or
doesn't know, but the juvenile court officials know.
So does the coroner.-G. E. B.
l\Iontreal bond houses are urging '' definite news
of victories by the allies'' so that they "can start trading in securities. Sound the bugles for a charge l Kill
a few thousand Germans and stimulate stock gambling
in Canada. That's what the Henry Dubbs of war are
really good for.
�22
The Western Comrade
Social Evolution and Social .Economy.
By JAMES .C. CRAWFORD
•~:===nAN 'S evolution through the various in-
dustries is comprehensively exemplified
in the classification of exhibits at the
Panama-Pacific International Exposition.
They are divided into eleven different departments-~ Arts, Education, Social Eco.nomy, Ltberal Arts, ~ Manufactures, Machinery, Transportation, Agriculture, Live Stock, Horticulture and Mi~es -and Metallurgy-and those departments, tal<en in the order of
their naming, afford a wonderful economic interpretation of human progress since the earliest age.
Art, primitive and rude, was man's first essential
education . By scratching on rocks the cav.eman communicated with his fellows when oral communication
could not be accomplished, and having learned to give
and receive graven messages he learned to think and
thus became possessed of a greater number of symbols
to convey his thoughts. When able to standardize
the observation he had so acquired he was enabled
to teach the youn·g. 'l'hus came education.
As man became better educated he also became
imbued with a sense of his responsibility and dependence upon his fellows-to realize that relations
of mutual helpfulness existed between himself and
species-and social economy had its beginning.
· When man began to form communities the results
of whatever culture they had acquired found expression in liberal arts. Then they commenced to manufacture, at first in a crude way, and gradually machinery was developed. With it came transportation,
and mechanical facilities to transport made it possible
to profitably cultivate the soil's products in distant
places. Thus came agriculture, naturally followed by
live stock and horticu lture, and when man explored
beneath the soil mines and · riietallurgy resulted.
In every one of the great exhibition palaces at San
Francisco there will be much to interest and instruct
t h e studenl of industrial progress since this old world
wa~ very young, for the Exposition is to b~ an ~pi
tome of human accomplishment throughout the ages.
But while examples of early civilization wi!J be shown
for pltrposes of comparison and education, the results
of latter-day achievement arc to be most elaborately
exploited. That the Exposition will have a beneficial
and lasting effect upon the industrial rehitionships in
this and all other countries is a foregone conclusion,
for it will inadvertent ly teach how the conditions of
living can be bettered for all people.
.
Perhaps in no other department of the Exposition
will both employer and employe find more to mutually interest than in the Palace of Education and
Social Economy. 'rhe exhibits in this magnificent
structure wiii Huvw · what has been developed ·along
educational ·and sociologicia.l lines during the last decade, and b-y "Speciabzuig on prominent movements
and reforms will aim to forecast the education of tomorrow.
,
In the Department of Education there will be a
comparative eXhibit of the :e!'fucational system employed by e,adr .pa,rticipating nation and a graphic
demonstration
of educational
work in aU of ·
its phases in ·
the United
Btates, f r o m
k i n dergarten
to university,
including
a
model schoolroom arid movHalf Done Court of Four Seasons
ing picture
·.
.·
hall with
model appliances. The latter will be the first
exhibition of its kind offered by an international
exposition, but since the last one was held the~' movies"
have become a mighty factor in public instruction,
and that the Panama-Pacific directory appreciates
their potency is shown by its expenditure of $1,500,000
for educational films which will §how all that has thus
far been similarly shown and much that has not yet
hecn exhibited in this count ry 's institutions of learning. To describe all the subjects ~hat are to be animately depicted in the Department of Education would
consume vast space.
New York has spent $35,000 on her educational exhibit, which chiefly aims to show the benefits r esulting.
from her system of public school supervision. By
means of an ' ext ensi v~ relief map will be illustrated
how every school in the state is directly and constantly
controlled .from the Capitol at Albany, and the lesson
thus conveyed may be of advantage to more than one
commonwealth w·hose school system needs concentration of management.
Ohio specializes on her unequalled work in agricultural and horticultural schools, and the exhibit is both
elaborate and costly. Massachusetts devotes $23,000
to showing the success attain ed by her vocational ' and
textile schqols. Wisconsin makes a specialty of her
�Tbe Western Comcade
univ-et-sity extension wol'k, Oregon's
rural scnool 'SYS~ID is to be especially
exploited-in brief, every ,s tate in he
union i<S c.o ntributing what it eollSiders
its most distinctive educational feature,
and the entire exhibition will be the
greatest of its kind ever held.
By tremendo~ labor intelligently
applied the Department of Social Economy has succeeded in assuring a com·prehensive collection of exhibits illustrative of the conditions and necessities
of man considered as a member of organized society and government, together with displays showing the ·
agencies or means employed for his
well-being and suggest ing how it would·
he even more improved. \\'herever
possible, operating examples of th ese
agencies will he given.
All lnhor probl ems involving working C'Onditions aud standards, wC'!f'are
and eftil'i('ncy , all<! iu<~luding domestie
scienee and woman 's vocations, have bec•n exhaustively
studied and will be eomgared by means of exhibits
in this department. No exhibit of this kind will
attract more att('ntion from all dasses of visitors
than the one contributed by H enry Ford, the philanthropist manufacturer of automobiles, whose profitsharing with his fiftc<•n hundred employes has won
him universal fame. llow the system is conduded
and what its results ar·e will he practically illustrated
for the en li ghtenment of people ,interested in the problem of strengthening amity between wage-earners and
wage-payers- and that means at least ninety-five per·
cent of this country's population.
In this connection it may not be amiss to hope that
th e ex hibit will also explain how the Ford philanthropy
came to be exercised in that particular direction, inasmuch as the credit for conceiving it is not unanimously awarded to Mr. Ford, but is given to his wife
hy many people, especially of the gentler sex, and
rwither he nor she has seen fit to settle the mooted
question. The st&ry which femininity prefers to believe-and' repeat- is that 1\Ir. and Mrs. Ford, being
plain folk, were omewhat embarrassed by their rapid
piling up of wealth until the lady devised the mo.ans
of relief whie)l her husband put into execution by allowing each of his worl,men a liberal percentage of
the fnctory 's profits after all wages and other . expenses nrc paid, and that the recipient of the extra
compensation know to whom they are primarily indebted for it nnd have manifested their appreciation
by turning out better machine and more of them
Palace of Varied Industries'
than ever before, thus augmenting the profits to be
divided betw~~ their employer and,.hemselves.
Another feature iu the Department of Social
Economy that wiiJ receive more than cursory notice
from workingfolk is a great model of the human
eye through which may be seen how different degree.<~
of illumination in a factory affect the optics of operatives. This device, which cost $5000, is intended to
convey an object Jesson in the proper lighting. of workroom interiors, and may be the means of preventing
mueh ocular defectiveness in people who toil.
Th ere will also be models of restrooms, lunchrooms,
billiard-rooms and other chambers which every wellregulated factory has for the comfort or convenience
of its daily occupants. To adequately describe all the
exhibits that will tend to improve the conditions of
working people would consume vast space.
Such matters as finance in its r elation to the public
welfare and in connection with hanks and provident
associations and modern credit systems will be elaborately illustrated for the instruction of the masses,
and business men will be especially interested in the
exhibits pertaining to commerce in the way of the
distribution of goods and existing and proposed business standards and systems. The latest discoveries
in hygiene, methods of missionary work, international
and universal peace institutions- whose efficacy is now
being sorely tried-all these will receive a broad and
sympathetic treatment by means of exhibitional studies
in this great department of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition.
�The Western Comrade
Babes Bred For War
By MARY FIELD
In Everyman
'-~==~=':'\] r,L · rnBit"'y govomm•nts, that is all
A_
Chric;;tian governments, depend for. their
perpetuation and extension upon fruitful and obedient women. Given millionsof docile women to breed armies, given
_
c!U~ning pri estsk~o extol fdruiKtfglness, a~ d
11
1 mgs an
ka1sers aile
rupps Wl
t-iolll·ish forever.
Said l'rill f"<' Bismarr·k with a sll.rug of his shoulder
to a commr·nt on the gTeat number of men killed in
one of th e F1·aneo-Prussian battl~s, " .Oh wel l, we. will
ha vc a not hPJ' crop in twenty years!"
It is crops of men that governments depend upon.
At the outbreak of the war, the military nations of
Europe took immediate steps to provide for the next
erop of soldiers. Refore th e ranks mobilized the seed
of wan iors was sown. Jn Germany all soldiers· were
III'ged to marry hefo1·c lea ving for the front, a hrief
furlough even lwing g-ranted iu ordPr· that th ere might
l11• tim\' tor imprrgnation. In nwny churches hundreds
of c·ouples were marTiPrl simultaucously that not time
might he lost. One of the emperor's own sons set the
rxa mph· "·hi<·h thonsan<ls of marriageable men immeoiatel.\' fo ll owed. ]n some villages "holy matrimony "
was r ecognized as the equivalent of an engagement.
Everywhere throughout the fatherland distinctions
between legitimate and illegitimate have become indistinc·t. An illf'gitimate son receives the support of the
goYemmrnt. To hrat· children for the fatherland is of
greater Yirtue than that they shall be born of wedlor:k ,
for thrones are greater than altars and exigencies
greater than ceremonies.
Tn England, marriage fees were cut in half, and
later all fees were removed in order that there might
not be a half crown's r eason for delayin g the crop.
Clergymen married soldiers in depots, in open lots, any" ·hrrr, anyhow that the crop of human beings might
not fail, thattsoldiers might not be lacking twenty years
hence.
·
This wholesale breeding the military governments
of Em·ope drliheJ·atcly encouraged with the full knowledgr t h•.a t fo1· yea1·s to come the spectres of pestilence,
of stanation, of cold, of despair, of insanity and disease would haunt the steps of these babes from their
cradles to the training camps. In twenty· years if another war breaks out, one-fifth and more of the seeds
which these governments now sow, will be murdered.
And thus today in the wombs of hundreds of English
brides are the embryos that in twenty years, as state ~
owned warriors, will march forth to disembowel the
German youths that now sleep in the qUiet darkness
under their mother's 4earts: Babes bred for mur~er,
_bred by a. state that pr-ohibits and punishes murder!
Bred, what' forY :{3red :that the colonies of England
may be held 'fo~· English commerce. · Bred that Germany may expand her trade tamp with the word
"German" the products"of e w rld; bred that'Russia "may sit in the sun.'
Empires need soldi.e rs
rs must come
through the bodies of·women. Thus !t is that in every
country dedicated to commercialism, maintained by
Christian teaching ·and
sword, all forms of murder
. the
.
except that legalized by · t~e state and called "war"
are punished. And especially -must women be held
accountable for the life which it is their duty to bring
into the world. In- times of p ea'ce the kings of industry
need men for t he factories, mines, mills and- :fields. In
times of war, kings need men for the defense or the
extension of their power , For kings and commercial
lords and aristocrats women must breed, and no mother
may say unto her own body'' thou shalt not increase,"
nor say unto the unconscious life within h er, "thou' shalt
not live." It matters not that she sees the unborn child
shadowed by disease, driven by hunger, lashed by fear
through his entire life. Only the king shall k ill ! Only
the kaiser shall have power over the fruit of her body!
She belongs to the state.
In all Christian countries the law is that abortion
and even the spreading of the knowledge of means of.
prevention is punished with severtty. The law means
that no child can be killed until he is twenty-one-and
even then, the state alone, the state which punishes the
mother for ·a remotely similar crime, may take his life.
It is not because of the preciousness of life that
there are laws against abortion, against the spreading
of knowledge of controlling birth. Nothing but commerce is precious to the state. It is in times of war that
the real reason for laws agaSnst abortion flash forth
with vivid clearness. In. the red . glare -of the camp
fi1·es, women read the meaning of the law. In letters
of blood women see the real meaning of their lives to
the state, read that they are but breeding-machines for
soldiers, that their bodies and their children belong no
more to themselves than do the pigs in the stockyards.
Will this war make women thjn!r? Will it make
them act. What if after this war, and yet another and
still another, ther e were to come to women a great
awakening? What if silently and secretly there were
..
�Tbe Wester .n Comrade
to take place lin the mind.s and !bodies of women .a tre- of man, the beastly inhumanity of war, that has commendous revolution so fun.d.am_ental that it would rock manded fruitfulnes , fruitfulness not of quality but of
thrones and decide the orbit of nations'f What if quantity, vast numbers that rank and divisions 8nd
women were to refuse to marcy soldiers, to procreate companies and :regiments and trenches and coffers may
soldiers, were to demand, that inasmuch a:s the state be ntled..
finally killed their offspring, they too, had the right to
Wen may women question the laws which deny them
take life before it knew consciousness T What if they the right to give or eek infonnation on the subject of
demanded that they and not kings be the arbiter of the preventim:.,, that deny:the right to abort. In the light
fate of their children, they who gave them birth.?
of the bargain-sale marriages in England, of the wholesale
marriageS of Germany. and Austria and Russia, of
The birth force, the sex force is a tremendous power.
It pulses through every atom of the universe. In our the bonuses and· premiums and bribes for the illegitisolar system are tremendous forces which man gradu- mate, well may women say to their military go.vernally learns to isolate and command. For thousands, yes ments-give us fir t peac-e, give us food, give us oppormillions of years, electricity flashed its presence across · tunity, give q.s the land, give us strong bodies before
the sky before man 's uncomprehending eyes. For eons you punish us for destroying life: You 1nsist that life
of time the hills spoke no \\·ord to shivering mankind shall live, at least until it is twenty-one, then give us
of the stores of coal which lay deep below the surface. the conditions that make for life, under which we best
Earth and air and water yet hold forces undiscovered. can breed and continue the human race. But until these
Much of life is still written in cryptic forms . .And conditions are gra.n ted we w~ll'continue to question your
greatest of unexplored forces is the mind of man and man-made law, we will continue to disobey your soldierof woman. Woman, especi.qlJy, still covers her eyes breeding mandates, disobey in secret as we have done
·for ages, your kaisers and priests, until we have the
with her hands before the burning face of Science.
But all things change-shape and form and content courage of our emotions and shall openly and brazenly,
and direction- and the minds of women. Thus in the and for the love of humanity, defy the laws of the land,
dim centul'ies to come women way learn to control the stupid laws which forbid us to take life in order that
life force, demanding that it be their right to swing life may be taken by the state.
When you say abortion is a crime let us look at
back the gates of lif'P, deciding that it is even more
heroic to strik0 at the unborn child than years later to Europe. "Hell in the field, rape i-n the towns and vii·
lages, plunder in the cities, blood and teat·s and SOt'l'OW
plungr• a l>nyonet through his quivC!ring breast.
And mcanwhild 'l'hc war: has raised the question everywhere, and around its edges .a panic of terro1·.''
in the minds of thinking women, what is this man-made Life is sacred! Murder roars from a million guns,, murstate that fixes the laws of abortion and prevention~ der and rivers of blood, fields soaked with the blood of
Ry what right does socic>ty ma)<c divorce well nigh im- women's sons!
Abortion a crime! Women who hate war should depossible, and compel women to breed whether they will
mand
it as a right, as a blessing. Abortion a crime!
or no~ Why do kaisers decide these matters and not
nature 1 Do you say that were the mother to decide and That law makes gargoyles grin. Anc! that Jaw is going
not Law, the race would not continuc1 Look to Nature, to make women think-slowly think, whose shall be the
you of little faith. Look in the h~arts of women, you right to take human life.
blind men, who believe in force. .The love of children is
the very tissue of woman's mind. There is not a women
in all the wide world. mart·ied or unmarried, who would
take the life of the g!'rm-child that was conceived in
(Continued from Page 12)
loYe, born to sure protection and loving support, born (·olumn "Fleet Maneuvers at Hampton Roads," via
to a heritage of liealth and opportunity.
the movies, sends'patriotic self-compla-cent quivers.
· The difference between the act of the state and that
"Insanity!" shrilly piped "The Clarion," after
of the mother is just this: The state when it kills has Editor Rcvern had aired his eruditjon by exhausting
only its own aggrandizement in view; its motive is literature on the subject-two columns off from a
selfish; its_ object, financial gain, territory, power; "patent inside" article, inspired by the Peace-Withwhereas the motive of the mother in denying life is Profit League, bemoaning the shocking defenselessness
love of the child, unwillingness that it shall suffer. · Per- of "Our Fleetless Pacific Coast."
haps poverty, shame, disease, st:cuggle wait like ugly
grny hags at the gates of birth for the unwelcome child.
Send in your renewal today. You can't afford to
None of these things matter to the state. From these
the mothE.'r would save her child. It is the inhumanity miss a numher· of tlw WESTEI{N CO)IRADE.
Lunacy
�be
te
·e
Co
r
an
B
EL
OR
The
L
l KE the grandeur of mountains is her beaut)'-l:alm, tJfj<adfast, enduring.
Where\· ·r her rq>irit lm;athes, lillies of goodne
and kindnc88 sprinr, up.
'J'o giw· il4 her greatest desire; it is the ~ellspring
from whidr flow her heart's trea nres of .1abor and
patil•nel', !waling the world's griev~us wounds. ' .- . ,
H~r presence ~beds a radiance upon those abou~
l11•r. Whether Hlw he in the vanguard or the r ear of
th e a'4pirinf! army of humanity, she bears her burdens
lightly and sings her song of comfort to the footsore
, and th • W('ary.
'J'Liough F!he be hcnt with burdens and weary with
Jahor, Rhe Htill has st rength to help those who trudge
heHide• IJ er.
Hyrn pat hy :·is ucvr.r c1C'nicd those who come to her.
l>ay hy cl ay nnrl year hy year, she gives gifts to the
worlcl , nsl<ing in rctum hut the s'-'ength and the de-·
sir ~ to give tnorc.
...
Jlrr f11ith ill h r· pC'ople never wavers. Their hopes
E
I
ORTH
orker
are hers.
pheld by her e, nr
the
u.rm unt
difficulties.
in a ~weet chorn ·.
A the- flowers _!trow out of the moi t. black arth
after a pring rain, o under· the toueh f h hand
there crrow in the ~oman oeing hop s a.nd a pira ion
that reach far into· the sky · o~ too Tomorro' .
Wherever there is- a nation enriched with h r pit•it
th<:'re is a nation striving to .achiev~ th id al of uniYet:sal freedom . Wha,tever natiop· is ble · ed b h r
presence blossoms forth in material wealth .and int 1lectual strt>ngth, meeting the tides of Time with dauntless courage. ·
Though she often- goes .tirisung, she but smiles for
hC'r joy is in the ~doing.
None are more high!yrewarded ~han she.
'The Parasite
L
Jl( I~ tl1<• opium weed, she is a deadly poison, hut
pi nsing to the senses.
• lw is st rou g as th desire for dt·ink in the dmnknrd. Yeti sh w nk as th tree whose roots are buried
in pollut d &oil.
'l'o tnlce is her on great impulse; it is a fire that
turns inward- the fit• of s lfishness- burning up the
halls r h r oul and all that is in them, so that though
ho tnk th ' orld' dearest treasures unto herself
dn nft r da , h
Though h li
ity, h hn n
eh touch each movement, eaeh. tone
ther are al ys men awaiting
uil
br: eel
seductive robes abe
-her foul body th t has never
labor.
She constantly absorbs the beauties of the world;
yet they never spring to seed in her soul, fer sh is
barren.
In mind she is impotent, never having gained the
strength. that comes from suffering. "
She weeps for a lover lost, but. not for her children
unborn.
She abuses the power that has been given to wom n
by Nature and influences men for evil instead of for
good.
All women's duties she neglects. All men 's weaknesses she plays upon.
Her appearance forbodes the downfall of nations.
Wher~ her shadow falls, men become · weak in body
and vicious in mind; laws become tyrannical and industries stagnate-; citizens become demoralized and rulers deb11nehed. Wherever she become.s a power, society rots from within and crumbles to ruin.
Created by fools,. she becomes an overmastering
impetus that drives them and their helple dependenw
still faster down the road to an inevitable destrnetioa
Though she cringe beaeath it, upon her reata the
eu:ne .o f all the ageL
�·,
T'be We 'teirllJ Comrade
Saintly Journalism.
''Y
OU ib.av.e .a iSle~ •our and ~Qauy
l.<ODD Caples Sald on Plle-PU Ucatlon OJ.'!der.a!
.tom.ach!"
· "'Ba.by'.a lhe:ad a soUd ca'b!"
.S OCALIST
.AR
UAI
"Ginla., GlJ'I.I, Glrila, y,ou u.st Try ihi.at.,
"G.et 1Back V,our .old t:lm.e Vim ~" (Tihla
.one is .said t.o make an old ·m an ·" FeeJ
li ke a youns c.o1t ·t hat won't :Sta•n d stm
w ithout h itch in!")
"Ouch!
Back Ache?
Know What
causes It?"
"You need thi.s !
Take Ambiti on
Pills!"
"Nothing Better for Weak Women!"
· "Are you kept awake with itching and
Burning?"
A Revolutionary Interpretaitlon ·Gf the: Elli'Ope:an Annt~geddon rand
Temporary Oo~apse ot_mtema.tionaU:sm
·th-e
Contains:
I:M MEDlATE CAUSES
By Louis C. Frain&
GEN~RA~ CA4.!S!E S
BY Frank Bbhn
MILITARISM
These arc some head lines, in regular news type, gleaned one day from
t ilr colnmns of a moral and religious
dH ily printed in Los Angeles. This
newspaper is so sure that all is we'll
with thr wor-ld that it will not print
th e words "killed" or "died." Peopl e don 't die in its sacred columnsth ry nrc lnlled to r est or pass away.
H r r·e is th e s tyl e:
By _Floyd Dell .
THE ATl'ITUDE 'OF ITALY
By Prof. Arthur Lty!n~ton
ANTI-WAR MANIFESTOES
By the European Silcittl!s~ Pa9ties
SOCIALISM ·AND THE WAR
By Isaac A. Hourwlch, Ph. D.
HOW GERMAN SOCIALISTS' D)ViDED
By William English · Walling·
BRITISH AND AMERICAN SOC_IALISTS ON THE WAR
Patrick Riley, a structural iron
worker, fell from the twelfth floor
of the magnificent new three million
dollar office building the Steenth National Dank and Trust Company is
e rectin g at Nth and Spring Streets.
This Is one of the many great
edifi ces now being erected as a ~ark
of th e splendid prosperity and
r;rowth or Los Angeles. Riley stru.c k
a pile or steel in his fall and he
gently was lulled to rest.
Summary and C riticism o f articles by Bermtrd
Shaw, H . G. W ells, H. M. Hyndman, R a msay MacDonald, Robe rt Blatchford, Victor Berger, Eugene
Debs and Charles Edward Russell. ·
This Socialist War Ma nual Will Probably Become Historic.
Scholarly-Comprehensive-Indispensable
Price, 15 Cents a Copy
Special Low Rate, bundles of five or more
NEW REVIEW
80 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK
Or somet hin g lik e this:
J esus Ramirez, a track laborer, fell
beneath a switch engine in the
Southern Pacific yards last night and
was ground beneath the wheels of
nineteen Pullman cars that were being shunted Into the Arcade station.
The train bore hundreds of wealthy
touris ts who are flocking to Los Angeles by the thousands, where they
will enjoy the glorious and Incomparable climate of the Southland,
where peace, tPlenty awl prosperity
reign.
" ' hen the coroner's assistants had
swept togethe r the decentralized
fragments of the unfortunate MexIcan. It ...was found that he peacefully had passed away.
The marvel is that the readers of
th<' pieti tic journals e cape that
_sick, sour and gassy stomach-or do
they!
. R enew your ub cription today.
no
Nietzsche on Women·
you like something bitter or
very sour after you are cloyed
with sweets ¥
Try a little Nietzsche!
Yon will, if you are normal and
have fairly happy hours, enjoy a little of the mad philosopher.
If you have loved and blundered
and lost you will find keen enjoyment in some of the maxims of
"Count Nietsky " as he called him<>elf in his youth. Take some of his
cau tici ms on love and marriage:
The same emotions are In man
and in woman, but in a different
temp<); 'o n that account man and
woman never cease to misunderstand each other.
Women can enter into friendship
wi th a man perfectly well; but In
order to maintain .it the aid of a
little physical antipathy Is perhaps
required.
Man thinks woman profoundwhy? Because he can never fathom
he• depths. Wloman Is not even
shallow.
A soul that knowa that It Is loved,
but does not Itself .love, betrays Its
sediment; itf! dregs come up. .
Some husbands 'have sighed over
the elopement of their wives; the
greater number, however, have
sighed because nobody would elope
with theirs.
When there Is neither love nor
hatred In the game, woman's play Is
mediocre.
In revenge and rn Jove woman is
more barbarous ·than man.
Would you go to woman, take your
whip!
�The West.ern Comrade
28
TBE· WESTERN COMRADE
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Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. II.
W
December, 1914
Shoot Capitalism
No.8.
With a
Ora Pro Nobis
Stereopticon
HA'r a sweetly solemn thought
r-omf·s to (,ne when pondering
o ·f·r tiH· hour of prayer in Europe( 'hristian EuropP. Ilow from t la e
rieh, ful l thro:rt of the French prtest
must roll the litany when he reaches
t!H' '' \'OIIt'flsa f'es, . ' especially in fh e
dc\'oli ou of the forty hours.
.\nyone can le ·ture ,\'ith the aid of picture ; they t ell the
story, you point out the moral. Picture draw a crowd whe1·e
other mean fail. 'fhey make your work doubly eff ctive.
\\" e tell you how to .g~t the noreate t re ults at the least
...
expense.
8encl stamp for complete information.
'Tt regibus et (Jrincipibus Christi anls, pacem et veram concordiam
domare digneris."
and
W. SCOTT LEWIS
" l't Turcarum, et hae reticorum
eonatus, reprim ere e t ad nihilum
redi ge re di g ne ri s."
(That Thou wou ld vouchsafe to
give peace and true concord to
Chrisllan Kings and Princes;
Th at Thou wou ld vouchsafe to defeat th e atte mpts of Turks and
h eretics, and bring them to nought.)
3493 Eagle Street .
Socialists Attention.!-
1'\uw that tlH' :\1osl ems a rc ai<l'in g
1hP Christ ian Kai se l' in his attempt
to ]\il l a l't> w mil lion Christian subjed s of I I)(' Ch r·i sti a n Cz::t r·, is the
l:rt! t•t· I'O II <·hsaf'c politely 'omitted ?
Naturally Would
"'IV hl' n I wa s shipwrecked in
Sou tIt
A lllPt'ica," said Capta in
Ho\nqn·if, ' ' I t•arnc across a tribe of
ll'ild \\'otllt'll who hall no tongues."
· ' .\I prey !" •r·i d one of his listcnt•rs of t lH' fait· sex. How could th ey
tulk '! ·'
.
" Th t•,\· t•ouluu 't,' g l'innrd the old 1
salt.
"'1'\lHl '.· what
mad e 'em wild.'
•
___ I
I·
'l'he Bihl c Rocirty ha. dist t·ihuf ed
ont• tnillion Bihl es, pt·inted in nin e
htngtt:lg't'S, to C'hristian soldier fightin ~ in t he European war. Tim the
kill <'i·s ha l't' a rradv handhook and
guide to u. c in th e 'at·t of co ll ective
murder.
THE JONES BOOK STORE
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TH E UNION LABEL.
This card case con tains four pockets,
one large for bills and papers, one for
your dues-stamp book, and two with
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Send fifty cents in stamps or money
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�...
••
The Western Comrade
P~.-----------------------------~------------~
This Stands for
the Beat in Confections. Creams
and Ices - :- - :427
S O U TH
THE SOGIAUST CA PAIGN BOOK FOR 1914
Will gite you up-to-date lnfonnaflo ·about
BROADWAY
Vincent in Danger
UXTRA! Stop the press a minute
for this hot one the A. P. carries:
Vincent Astor is serving on a committee to Investigate recreation facilities
·tn the Chelsea neighborhood arid a union
man Is on the same committee.
The Socialist Movement
Tie Labor Movemept
Co-operation
Exploitation
· Wages and Hours
Now if someone can get Vincent
into his own tract ·where hundreds
of thousands of les miserables are
huddled in unspeakable warrens and
make him believe the property belon gs to some other landlord, a
Chr·istmas joke may lighten a million
hearts.
: TL~ High Cost-of Livmg.
WJU~e S~avery
·
Ctke
T Le Old l!arties
. :_J'he Progressives
Unemplo~ent
Syndical,i~m
Clllld Labor
W o·man and Labor
Industrial Accidenb
Poverty
Concentration of Wealth
.T lil? T ntsts
Profits
.
S~cialists in Office
.
and many other things of intere~t to Socialists
and students-too many to. m~ntion. ·
Joys of the Author
It has been compiled by .the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
and is the most complete ref~rence book of that
character that has ever been pub.is.~ed.
Theodore Dreiser, the novelist. was
talking on criticism.
"I like pointed criticism," he said,
'' niticism such as I heard in the
lobby of a theafer the other night at
1he end of the play.
" The critic was
old gentleman.
Ilis criticism which was for his wife 's.
rar·s alone, consisted of these words:
" 'Well, you would come!' '·
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" But Captain," said pretty Miss
Plute coqpetti hly, ""'ill you love me
v;hen I grow old and ugly Y''
'' l\fy dear M:i s Plute,'' answered
the aptain gallantly, "you may
"'row older but ou will never ' grow
-uglier. "
And he wondered why their
friend hip waned so uddenly.
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
A . J. STEVENS
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Dentist
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�Tbe Western' Comrade
Evening
By Cfrarfotte: Wilaon
From the evening
wood
Faint odors rise. that toucb the J!reart like
tears
·
With inarticulate· comfort. Lo~ she beaTs
A. weary load-small cares that drug the
blood,
Small envies, sick desires for lesser
goodAil day, till now the evening reappears,
Then drop away, and she with wonder
rears
.
Her aching height from needless servitude.
The tree-tops are all music; light and
soft
The brbok's small feet go tinkling Joward the sea
·
•
Bearing the little day's distress afar ;
While yonder, in the stillness set aloft,
My one great grief, still glimmering tlown
on me.
Smiles tremulous as a bereaved star.
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
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•
.agaZJne
Here's One
Go, little Sorrows'!
You Want
;.
..
· : Pea.rson's Magazine is the
•· · only magazine of its kind.
. Its form enables ina depend
on · it~ readers alone-on
. advertisers not at" all. It
can and does, therefore,
print facts which no magazine that depends upon
advertising for a living can
"afford" to print. It does
print such facts every
month. Every issue con' tains the truth about some
cQndition which affects
your daily welfare, which
.you want to know and which
you can find nowhere else.
Besides, it prints as- much
fiction and other entertainment as any general magaCharles Edward Russell
zine. If you want one .
"The reason why I advise all persons
radical ma~azine to live and
that believe in a free press to support
grow,subscribetoPearson's.
Pearson's Magazine ·is because P ear- ·
son's is the onty ·great magazine that
Pearso~'s is. the only h!~
is free."
· magazme m Amenca m
·
which the Socialists get an
equal opportunity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Socialism is presented b)'--the leading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chas. Edward Russell.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
•
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�e We tern · comr de
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.
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The Mexican ·People-·The~r Struggle -for Freedom
..:.....ByL. Gutierrez de La.ra a.nd Edgcumb Pinchon
'
... -.: ...
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'' • · ·• . · • It is written from the point
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A. R. HOLSTON
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1
Home Phone A-3913. Lo$ Angeles, Cal.
Home F-7638
Main 7618
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Harry A. Goldman
Fred H. Moore
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'' • • • It strips the glamor of
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Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
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as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican pr.o letariat is ln greater or
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· story of the proletariat in every country.."
...
'
~
~.
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!:----------------------:-------
�Llano del Rio Colony in tl)e .Ante ·o pe
Valley, Los Angeles Countj, California,
offers employment
to hundreds of men
and their Jamilies.
An· departments are· under the
management of. experts, but we
are· in need of pten of experience
in the various industries.
An expert poUltry ·raiser has
joined ~he colony and he starts
with 1000 · white leghorn liens
. and pullets. We are ~egotiating
for 10,000 chicks for March delivery. Can you make an offer? Have you feed
or grain to offer?
Correspondence desired with prospective members who are -in .western states
and who have poultry or stock. The colony wishes to add .milk cows of good
quality to its magnificent dairy herd.
Men and women of nearly every
useful occupation are in demand.
Every member an equal shareholder
in the enterprise. Every worker to get
the full social product of his efforts.
Write for particulars concerning• -==~=~:;._:__--=--__;__:___~~=~
new plan for prospective colonists, who
may secure their membership and join the colony at any time during the next
five years.
Don't let any imaginary ol?stacle prevent you from acting now.
Co-operation Is Not Merely a WORD---It Is ACTION/
.
'
For Full Particulars Address
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
Colony Department
JOB HARRIMAN, President
924 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, California
�
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
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Western Comrade, 1914-12
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Western Comrade
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1Vol. 2, No. 6·'7
October-Novemb"er,- 1914
The WeSterit-
Ten cent•
rade
I·
(
The Path of Glory
,r
\
I
�4
The Western Comrade
The
Eternal ., ~1ystery
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
Devoted
Political
Action
VOL. II
to
the
Cause
of
the
Workers
Co-operation
LOS ANGELES, CAL., NOVEMBER 1, 1914
Direct Action
NUMBER 6-7
Luckel Camp on Rio del Llano.
Will be remodeled for trout hatchery and motion picture factory
W
War and Empire
HAT will be the outcome of the war 1
This question is heard everywhere and
many of the replies a~e as varie~ as they
are vapid.
Those having no knowledge of the causes of Htl'
war can giv<' no sensible reply to the question as to
Ihe possible outcome.
A few weeks ago the British were supremely
eQD.fident. When th_e Prussian army ceased its pressure on Paris and the backward movement began
this confidence gr<'w to positive conviction that the
power of German arms was waning.
Then the Kais<'r 's army swung about, held the
alli es in· a firm ~ r· ip in a battle lin e hundreds .of
miles long while he hurl ()d his mighty forces on Belgium's capital.
The menace of Rnssia on the eastet'D frontier
was dispelled by a series JJf sharp defeats which the
Germans administ<.'rcd in Poland and when Przemysl
was relieved and the Rlavs thrown hack through the
Carpathian passes.
Th e Br·itish plan and program contemplates
str·ipping Gt>rmany of all her colonial possessions ;
destruction of th<' German fleet; seizure of the German ships of commerc<', and the conquest of Germany's foreign trade.
Fr·(•nchm<'n ehr rish the ·dream of a restoration of
Alo;;ace-Loraine; th e destruction of Prussian military
po"·N; t!lr r <.' hahilitation of Belgium and a war in(1emnity of ~ni('h magnitude that the Kaiser's people
"·ill 11<'\'P I' again arise as a fighting pow<'J'.
Little Belgium hopes to be r estored and to receive
a g'i-cut indemnity as a reward for heroic service
render·ed to Fr·ance and England.
�6
The We s tern Com r a d e
OBOJIIM'O~OBO
In his dream of empire the Teuton sees Great
Britain shorn of her colonies, her great fleet destroyed and England reduced tb a place about as
important as that occupied ,by Norway. He sees
Holland; Belgium and Sweden annexed to the German Empire. He sees the Northern Coast of Fran ce
a part of German territory. He sees the foreign possessions of his enemies beneath the German eagles.
He sees the force of- 1Teuton arms spread to every
continent and he believes it will all be for the good
of mankind.
Under the German plan Canada probably will
he given her freedom, the Czar will be held off until
the proper hour and a ready understanding will be
•
•
•
•
•
•
This hrings us to th(• position of Germany: If made. The Sla,y will have his way in the south and
thP Kaist>r· 1omorrow wen• to find himself at war that means farewell to Roumania, Bosnia, Herzigowith thr wholP wol'lrl his position would scarcely be vinia, Serv~a, Bulgaria, Montenegro and possibly
Greece and all of Turkey, and India will be given
c·hanged.
ThPrP is no reason to doubt that, since the war over to Russian rule- and Russian exploitation.
In the meantime Germany has a battle line that
began, Gennany 's prearTanged plans have not been
stretrhes
from the Netherlands on the north to the
carried out to the letter. German strategists caremountain
passes of the Vosges on the south, and
,fully figured the losses, discounted plans and made
from
Russian
Poland to the Carpathian passes in
allowances for all and more reverses than have come
southern
Austria.
to their arms.
Where the Gernians take the offensive they will
That the Grrman fleet would be securely interned
not
be denied. On the defensive they are virtually
at Keil and H eligoland was known months before
the outbreak. England 's navy has inflicte.d no loss immovable and are dislodged only after inflicting
of importance on the German fleet. The Kaiser's terrible loss. Their movements of retrogression are
great navy remains intact and in superb condition. marvels of orderliness and system.
Nowhere is the Kaiser seriously threatened.
No forcig:r1 foe remains on German soil. The loss
of a hundred thousand fighting men has not im- Everywhere his soldiery press steadily on. Paris is
paired Germany's strength. As for food supply the certain to fall.
France has brought Algerians, England the murKaiser's forces need not know want as long as the
derous Hindus, and Japan makes a futile foray on
Vaterland is not invaded and.invasion does
not
seem
\
the German possessions in China.
probable.
Colonials rally to the British banner and from all
The allianc.e between Russia and England is
the
seas pour troop ships to provide "kanonenunnatural and there is a profound feeling of distrust
futter
" for the War Lord's howitzers-and the
between Slav and Briton.
stolid
Teuton presses irresistibly forward.
In striking at Germany the Czar has his eyes
A
corporal's
squad of Ublans ride through Luxon the southern outlet to Asia, even as the Kaiser
decla;ed war on Russia anrl seized France by the rmbourg anrl th e little domain is off the map forever.
•
throat.
•
•
•
•
As to the outcome the German ambition, pretenLrt tltr reader who imagines this is a pro-German
tious as it is, ~ yet be realized. •
article disabuse his mind. It is not pro anything.
Holland hopes vainly for neutral-ity and peace,
but the fat e that awaits her is only slightly less terribl e than that of Belgium.
, Italy's position cannot long be maintained. Only
th e solidarity and vigor of the Socialists have thus
· far prevented that country "Plunging into the vortex
and hurling a flt>rt arross the Adriatic at the hated
Austrians.
Servia and Austria-Hungary can scarcely hope
for· integrity of houndariPs no matter howthe tide of
hattie turns.
.
Portugal }t nd :-;pain will be drawn in and both
will mrt>t thP fatP of Belgiurn and Holland.
1.
�7
The Western Comrade
It
of
as
'
or
is a •·aim analysis of events, and of motives back
the war; an attempt at contemporaneous history
it unfolds from day to day.
Bismark said Europe must some day be all Slav
all Teuton.
Russia is impr!:'gnahle, invulnerable and uneout[UCrable.
Grr·mauy ma.v <:onquer all Europe hut may not
sun·cssfully invade Hussia.
:-\ow to \'<•nl ur·,. a fp\\· pr·t•dictious.
ThiR war· \rill not f• nd all war.
Slav and Tt•uton will diYide Europe and the two
pO\\·rrR will rrmain for probably a century developing and growing. Hussia through (what is now )
Turkt•y to th<' south and Germany with her vast
rH:\\· JJOSRPss ionR will bt• long oc·eupiPd with their
multitudinous problems.
That thPsc gownrmcnts will be greatly lib er·aliz<·d , that conditoins for the workers will be vastly
improvPd no orw t"llll doubt.
('zar and Kaise1· may pass away. Liberal institutions \rill hP surp to follow. Great republics or· the
l"nited States of Europe may be established.
America cannot starve the war.
The best that can be done here will be to hold to
a policy of strict neutrality, keep out of Mexico and
adopt a war rPf!'rendum measure to guard against
tlw inevitabl e hour when we shall again have a
madman in the presidential chai r·.
•
•
\\" ,. shuddrr ov er· the moming scareheads and
say thr war is awful. It IS awful,. but there rs a
peac!' that is mon• horTiblr and hundreds of thousands of workers would far better die on \the field of
hattie in the su.n shine, breathing the free air, than
to perish miserably in the stifling mines or have
thrir bonrs ground in the maw of steel.
'!'he war· will go on despite peace pleas and
prayers to whateYe!· gods may br. It was inP-vitable
t and it is inexorablr.
\Ve may declare the war perverse and wrongminded ; we may declare it senseless and say that
it is based on ambition of kings, but this war has
its roots in something far deeper than even personal
lust of power or thirst for conquest.
True; there were a thousand quarrels that seem
to us sen-seless. The eternal conflict over racial differences. ·and languages in the Balkans was a constant menace· to peace. ,There were scores of minor
causes and all helped at the hour of the call tG colors.
Americans will dQ well to take an impartial,
impassioned view of the war and study its causes.
Let us not grow hyste.rical, tearful or prayerful.
European nations arc bloodied. The first hot
rush is over. Prolonged sieges will follow. Steadily
powers will be worn down toward exhaustion.
Peace conferences and extensions of good offices will
ht' in ntin an'l "~II he illy received.
\\' e may not now assess the blame-if blame
I here be-f01· the war. For fifty years the world
rode to wa1· and now professes surprise to find itself
in the midst of a conflict.
For the present we have the opportunity to OC·
•·upy the position of spectators. We should get an
intelligf'nt lmdcrstanding of what is going forward. •
Latr1· ,,.r may not he able to take such a detached
and ahf;trart view.~F. E. Vv.
• •••
A
The Real Cause of It
'1' LAST the real cause of the war has been
fol.llld. According to an editorial in the Lokal
Anzeigcr of Berlin, the English ambassador, Sir
Edward Goschcn, on July 30th last, got peeved and
fired his cook. War wM declared five days later.
It sounds almost plausible as war usually results when causes arise for the dismissal of the family cook. Of course in this case the cook will have
her portr·ait hung in the great hall of fame. Her
name probably will adorn cigar boxes as other
heroes and heroines of the past.
However, it is doubtful if the flesh and blood
that once surTounded bleached bones of the million
slaughtered ever heard of Sir Edward's family
squabbiN; or kn(•w he had ever had a cook.-F.
H.W.
�6
The Western Comrade
OBO~O~OBO
Holland hopes vainly for neutrality and peace,
but the fate that awaits her is only slightly less terribl e than that of Belgium.
Italy's position cannot long be maintained. Only
the solidarity and vigor of the Socialists have thus
· far prevented that country J>bmging into the vortex
and hurling a fleet across the Adriatic at the hated
Austrians.
Servia and Austria-Hungary can scarcely ·hope
fo1· integrity of boundaries no matter howthe tide of
hattie turns.
·
Portugal itnd Spain will be drawn in and both
will meet thr fatr of Belgium and Holland.
In his dream of empire the Teuton sees Great
Britain shorn of her colonies, her great fleet destroyed and England reduced tb a place about as
important as that occupied by Norway. He sees
Holland, Belgium and Sweden annexed to the German Empire. He sees the Northern Coast of France
a part of German territory. He sees the foreign possessions of his enemies beneath the German eagles·.
He sees the force of {l'euton arms spread to every
continent and he believes it will all be for the good
of mankind.
Under the German plan Canada probably will
he given her freedom, the Czar will be held off until
the proper hour and a ready understanding will be
•
•
•
•
•
'
This brings · us to th<~ position of Germany: If made. The Slav will have his wa;y in the south and
the Kaiser tomorrow were to find himself at war that means farewell to Roumania, Bosnia, Herzigowith the whole world .his position would scarcely be vinia, Servia, Bulgaria, Montenegro and possibly
Greece and al1 of Turkey, and India will be given
<·hanged.
There is no reason to doubt that, since the war over to Russian rule- -and Russian exploitation.
In the meantime Germany has a battle line that
began, Germany's prearranged plans have not been
carried out to the letter. German strategists care- stretches from the Netherlands on the north to the
,fully figured the losses, discounted plans and made mountain passes of the Vosges on the south, and
allowances for all and more reverses than have come from Russian Poland to the Carpathian passes in
southern Austria.
to their arms.
Where the Germans take the offensive they will
That the Ger·man fl eet would be securely interned
not
be denied. On the defensive they are virtually
at Keil and Heligoland was known months before
immovable
and are dislodged only after inflicting
the outbreak. England 's navy has inflicte.d no loss
terrible
loss.
Their movements of retrogression are
of importance on the German fleet. The Kaiser's
marvels
of
orderliness
and system.
great navy remains intact and in superb condition.
Nowhere
is
the
Kaiser
seriously threatened.
No foreign foe remains on German soil. The loss
Everywhere
his
soldiery
press
steadily on. Paris is
of a hundred thousand fighting men has not impaired Germany's strength. As for food supply the cert!tin to fall.
France has brought Algerians, England the murKaiser's forces need not know want as long as the
Vaterland is not invaded and invasion does not seem derous Hindus, and Japan makes a futile foray on
the German possessions in China.
probable.
Colonials rally to the British banne~ and from all
The alliance between Russia and England is
unnatural and there is a profound feeling of distrust the seas pour troop ships to provide "kanonenfutter" for the War Lord 's howitzers-and the
between Slav and Briton.
In striking at Germany the Czar has his eyes stolid Teuton presses irresistibly forward.
A corporal's squad of Ublans ride through Luxon the southern outlet to Asia, even as the Kaiser
embourg
and th e little domain is off the map forever.
decla;ed war on Russia and seized France by the
t hroat.
•
•
•
•
•
As to the outcome the German ambition, pretenLt>t thr r eader who imagines this is a pro-German
tious as it is, ~y et be r ealized .
article disabuse his mind. It is not pro anything.
•
�The Western Comrade
7
It is a cairn analysis or events, and of motives back its roots in something far deeper than even personal
of the war; an attempt at contemporaneous history lust of power or thirst for conquest.
as it unfolds from day to day.
True; there were a thousand quarrels that seem
Bismark said Europe must some day be all Slav · to us senseless. The eternal conflict over racial difor all Teuton.
ferences and languages in the Balkans was a conRussia is impregnable, invulnerable and uncou- sta:nt menace to peace. ,There were scores of minor
querablc.
causes and all helped at the hour of the call to colors.
Grrmany may conquer all Europe hut may not
Americans will do well to take an impartil).l,
su1·~:cssfully invad e Russia.
impassioned view of th e war and study its causes.
~ow to n•nt un· a fp\\· pr·l'dietions.
Let us not grow hysterical, tearful or prayerful.
This war will not t•nd all war.
European nations arc bloodied. The first hot
Sla,· a nd Tt•u tun will diYidc Europe and the two rush is over. Prolonged sieges will follow. SteadiltY
powrrs will r emairi for probably a century develop- powers will be worn down toward exhaustion.
ing and growing. Russia through (what is now ) Peace conferences and extensions of good offices will
Turk1' Y to tlw south and Germany with her vast hr in laiu and will he illy received.
tH;w possessions will hL• long occupied with their
\\' e may not now assess the blame-if blame
multitudinous problems.
t h'e re be-for the war. For fifty years the world
That these governmeuts " :ill be greatly liberal- mdc to war and now professes surprise to find itself
izt·d, that ~:onditoins for th e wor·kers will be vastly in the midst of a conflict.
improv ed no Ollt' ean doubt.
For th e present we have the opportunity to ocCzar and Kaiser· may pass away. Liberal institu- l'ttpy the position of spectators. We should get an
tions will hr sure to follow. Great republi c~ OJ' the intelligent understanding of what is going forward. •
Cnited States of Em·ope may be established.
Lah't' wr may not he able to take such a detached
America cannot star·ye the war.
<tnrl HhstrRrt view.-F. E. W.
The best that can be douc here will be to hold to
a policy of strict neutrality, keep out of Mexico and
It
adopt a war rcf('rendum measure to guard against
the in evitabl e hour wh en we shall again have a
'l' T....AS'l' the real cause of the war has been
madman in th e presidential chair.
found. According to an editorial in the Lokai
•
•
•
Anzeiger of Berlin, the English ambassador, Sir
v\' e shudder over the morning scareheads and Edward Goschen, on July 30th last, got peeved and
say the war is awful. It IS awful,. but there IS a tired his coo"ft:. \Var was declared five days later.
)Wa tl:' that is Ill Ore . horTiblr and hundreds of thouIt sounds almost plausible as war usually resands of workers would far better die on the field of sults when causes arise for the dismissal of the famhatti e in the sunshine, breathing the free air, than ily cook. Of course in this case the cook will have
to perish miserably in the stifling min es or have her portrait hung in the great hall of fame. 1 H er
their· bones ground in the maw of steel.
. name prohably will adorn cigar boxes as other
The war· will go on 1lcspite peace pleas and heroes and h eroin es of the past.
prayers to whateYer gods may be. It was in evitable
Howrver, it iR doubtful if the flesh and blood
and it is inexorable.
that once surrounded bleached bones of the million
"\Ve may declare the war perverse and wrong- Rlaughtered ev('r heard of Sir Edward's family
minded; we may declare it senseless and say that squabb l('s or kn(•w he had ever had a cook.-F.
it is bas ed on ambition of kings, but this war lwR H. W .
• • •
A
The Real Cause of
�The Western Comrade
8
Comment on
~Current
S
JNCE t he days the nimbl e dollar dope was first
sprung on us there has been nothing f~iet·
than the buy-a-bale-of-cotton bunco game.
Sor:ialist writers always take these stunts too
s('rious ly.
l<'rcquently one b ears ~ muttered
"damn " about the fru gal Friday flap-doo<Ile or the
prosperity popp,vc·o1·l•. Don't Jet them get-your ibex
with that stuff. It 's only fo r h~urgeoise~ consumption .
:\ ~; for tire hu y-a-ha ]P hlat h e1·- it 's merely a game
for 111 (' ~ullihlo• ~ ny who fa lls for any thimbl e-rig
that is offered. ·..J
Th1·rr nrc about lii .OOO,OOO hales in the crop . It 's
1rortli frotn HO to $50 a bale.
If you bu.v a hal e yon won 't get any cotton .
Yott will grt a \l·a r· p hou s •~ er rtifieate. If it goes up
.vo u 111a.v \\'in *10. lf it goes down- w ell, you will
ill' 0!11' oi' th1• myriad SUI:k c rs who frll fol' the bait
and you'rf' stung. - F'. E. W.
H
• • •
AD Fr·ietlrich Nietzsche b een ali.ve a few weeks
ago he would have thought his dream of conqtlf'Rt had I'Ol!H' tmr. li e would have seen the war
Iw prf' dirted and would have prayed for , had he
:u·l{))uw lcdgt•d a god-( Why not J ehova, the Jews'
!!Od of wad ) H e would have seen the Ge-rman cannon reaping its red harvest at the gates of Paris;
seen the fall of Antwerp; seen half the world at war·
a!ICI the blat·!< eagle sw1wping irresistibly onward.
Nietzsch e said: ''Man shall be trained for war
and woman for thr recreation of th e warrior: all
else is folly . . . ''
Again lw wrote : '' A philosophy like min e is
like a grave- it takes one f t·om the 1iving."
Hns Germany follow ed Nietzsch e through 1 Certainly this philosophy is of th e gravr! It will ta kr
n1illious from the livin g.
And Cui bono 1
\\'hat good pur·pose will the tiiUI'd er set·ve
·wm it bring a Ber·lin commun e? Thr Eul'OJWan
l·ommun e ?-F. E. \V:..
Events
W
HAT bas become of tho.e intrepid Fr nch
aYiators who wrrc going to sweep the ky
clear of all innrrlc r·s! Th e t·e eem to have been a
lot of bunk about thr battles in the air. \Yh ere al'r
t he a er·i:d navies grappling in th e blu ,?
The Gertmms seem to have it all t heir own way.
Th ey usually select a bright, beautiful unday
morning to make a trip OYer· orne city and dr·op il
few bombs. Tints far the damage h a hcPn light.
True, th ey h aYI~ succeeded in blowin" up a hospital
" ·he re GP rman 11·oun (l Pd wer·n bein g t·ared fo r by
Belgian nurses. 'l'h cy also tore a non-combatant'·
4ead from his body and dismembered a little girl.
Tn addition they l<ill cd se,·e,·al cows tlwt W<:'rc
gruzing in a firld. P Pop l(' who were "wo rshipin g"
in dnm·h l·s wct·r· n ra rl y frightened to death and in
man y instan e<·s eensecl prayiug for sucessful inurder
of theit· l'nrmics an d rush r d iuto the stt·ccts praying
l'or· their own safety.
Possibly thrse Sunday acr·ial forays are a part
of th~ cebsorship of pray er- to k eep Fren ch supplir·ation from asrrudin~ to 1he thron e of J ehovah!
•
•
•
•
•
•
E1·cn as th e Germans early recognized the necessity of bree ding more kanonenfutter (cannon fod(]er·) so ha 1·e tlw Bt·iti~>h followed quicldy. Marriage
li cc•nse taxPs are remov ed a ncl eeremonies are .to be
perform ed f ree for r<'ernits , sailors and soldiers who
are going to the front.
Blc8scd institution! ~ut · ,·ly such marriages are
mad e in h eaven!
LPgalizf' th e br·rt• dings. Never mind the new
1·rop of hride-wido"·s. Ncve1· mind these unborn
orphans. Srnd on your· l'H nnon fodder. #That's th e
main thing.
• • •
'!'h er e is just one solution to out· ec onomi c probIrms-the seizure by thr p eopl e of all the sources
of l ife. Put this proposition to th e capi ta li st and
lw shouts ''Confiscation !''
H e is wrong- it is RESTORATION !
�The We s tern Com r ade
9
investigators of the · Interstate ComBRYAN is rejoicing over the twenE XPERT
SECRETARY
merce Commission, who are delving into the
ty-six peace treaties that have been signed by
Rock Island Railway books, have made a startling
discovery.
They say that the differenct: between the original
capital and the amount of securities finally issued
hy th e manipulators is about $200,000,000. . These
men declare that five-sixths of the stock issued was
water and that there were many false entries on
th e books which were designed to boost the market
value of the stock.
There is something amusing in the naive manncr in whi ch the news is g.iven out.
Do th ese investigators not know that almost
every railroau in the United States is in a condition
similar to the Hock Island ~
Must there Le other New Haven crashes before
people realize that every railroad system is waterlogged and that under private ownership all are
bound to come to the crash that has wrecked those
that have gone under?
There is a growing understanding of the universal insolvency of the banks but the public is slow
to grasp the actual conditions in the l ' great industries" of the country.-F. E. W.
...
E
1•
..
NOLAND is shocked and pained by the disloyalty and uprising in South Africa.
And rightly.
Were not the Boers, those who survived the
shrapnel, well treated by the British after the conquest 1
\Vas not the strike of several months ago put
down with sufficient violence to p lease the most critical employer?
Has not a royal commission made a belated report to the effect that the strike was justified? This
should sooth the orphans of the slain workers and
bring surcease to the widows.
Everybody should be content and rally to thr.
flag! The South African proletariat should h~tve
joi.necl the other colonials in th eir. onward surge to
Berlin singing the Tipperary m::u·ching song.
the United States with that many foreign powers.
He ill confident Germany, R;ussia and Austria will
sign tlH~ treaty.
At the first blush one i!i inclined to join in the
enthusiasm ·but the thought of what has happened
to all peace treaties, neutrality guarantees and inalienable rights of European countries during the
past five months brings a chill of doubt as t o the
value of such documents.
No great amount of reliance can be placed on
treaties signed by emperors who have over-ridden
all treaties and all agreements.
Safety gu8.{anteed by treaties is like inalienable
rights guaranteed by constitutions. The guarante·e
is worthies~ when a greater power proceeds to abrogate it. Peace will be guaranteed when all the
weapons of murder are loaded on the ships of murder and the whole sunk to the bottom of the deepest
sea.
•
•
•
•
•
•
President \Vilson says peace talk at this hour is
silly and premature. This may indicate · he believes the warring powers are so deafened by the
crash of resounding 'arms that they will not hear
the appeals of non-combatants. Or, possibly, he expects more and more of the European countries t o
plunge it1to the vortex and that all'-'Will fight to a
point of exhaustion.
The "Starve the War" slogan does not seem to
have penetrated the. dim and musty depths of the
White House sanctum.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Here we are with state capitalism knocking at
the door! Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo announces that warehouse receipts for cotton, t urpentin e and resin will now be accepted as a basis for
cur1·ency issues. Soon the State will be handling
the warehouse receipts direct, then the warehouses.
When will labor be able to get an issue of curr i' uc:y on the potentiality of its pr oductiveness?
.~\ nyone deny the press associations ate poisoning
th<· war news 1
�The Western Comrade
10,
What Did You-In the Great War·?
By ED-GCUMB PINCHON
T
HE War-what does it mean to you Y Does it
mean merely a daily newspaper debauch of
hash ed reports and superficial criticisms? Or
'does it, perchance, mean a r evival in your breast of
slumbering racial feeling, and .are you secretly or openly preening yourself on the fact that you are an American,-or by birth or extraction a Britisher,"·a· Frenchman, a Belgian, a German, a Slav? Or are you thumping you rself on the chest, boldly announcing yourself
a ''citizen of the world,' '-far removed from all annoy in g pseudo-patriotic: fer ling, a Socialist, calmly surveying your ignorant fellow mortals from t.h e height
of a toweringly supcriot· mental excellence, and dismissing from your mind a certain vague uneasiness as
of a duty shirk ed, and evading all r esponsibility in this
Calvar·y of the Nations, with the p ert dictum, "only a
damned cap italist 's war.''
Beware! Oh, beware that you do 'Dot stifle the supreme good of this World Agony in any of these petty
swnddlin g eloth es of ancient tradition and ignorance
or of narrow modern dogma and half-truth! Search
yo nr libraries-and your souls, I say, and be not afraid
to stPp naked of prejudice and unbiased opinion into
th r New Era that is dawning. Seek to know, and
knowing, be prepared to offer your life, if need be, in
defenec of the truth that is yours. BUT BE VERY
SUHE THAT IT IS THE TRUTH.
Such as this is not found without labor ;· but while
millions of men-men every whit as intelligent as you,
as valuable to society as you-are offering up their
lives on the battlefields of Europe, shall you spare yourselves the labor of understanding the veritable why and
wherefore of their sacrifice?
Not if you be worth the name of, Socialist! You
shall not r est, night or day, till you have made yourselves master of this grim unmasking of social forces,
and thus have won for yourselves not the opportunity
of indulging in a pert dictum, but the right to deliver
a profoun'd judgmeitt-a judgment worthy of thinking
men and women,- a judgment by which you may stand
with assurance in the searching days to come when
men shall ask of you: ·'What did YOU-in the Great
'Var?"
There arc some round dozen o'f books without the
thorough knowledge of which no man, however gifted,
can pretend to give even a provisional judgment upon
the questions involved in this struggle. Needless to
say the first and foremost of these is "Das Kapital"
of KarllVfnrx, or at least the first volnme. H11rd work'
•Puhl islt· ··i in Snntn.
l~ :u· b:tr: \
hy
~yd n ey
May be; but at least have the valor to sweat over its
splendid logic and life-giving reasoning with the same
persistency as your brothers showed in their struggle
bac~ and forth through the crimson mud of the Marne.
"Socialism, Utopian and Scientific," every Socialist is
supposed to have mastered. If you have not done so,
get to work. And having ground these basic works
into the very fabric of your mind, you will have come
at a thorough understanding of the theory of economic
determinism-which sets forth that a nation 's development is determined by the prevailing mode of production. Here lies one third-and one third only-of the
mighty truth we are seeking. Next to these in order
of study comes Buckle's "History of Civilization,"
without ex.ception the greatest work of the human
mind. Here you will find set forth with wonderful
charm, .and with a range of learning unexampled in
the history of literature the thesis that the determining factor in a nation 's evolution is the amount of its
exact knowledge-and herein lies the other two-thirds
of the truth of social evolution. And now to combine
these two vast conceptions into one harmonious whole,
you should master the works of Marx 's greatest successor-the "pynamic Sociology " and 'the "Psychic
Factors in Civilization" of Lester F. Ward.
But there is no stopping here! This is a long campaign and you must sweat through many a trench of
ignorance yet! Is this war, not merely a conflict of
economic forces, not merely a conflict of clashing intellectual developments, but a grapple to the death between antagonistic ethical conceptions-the profoundest forces of the JJ.uman soul1 Is this a war between
Nietzsche and Christ ?-between the Refrgion of Valor
and that more ancient Religion of Love, which has become a cant of hypocrisy and weakness. You cannot
answer this question till you have mastered the histpry
of the rise and development of Christianity on the one
hand, and of modern German philosophy on the other.
For the study of the former there is but a single work
which can be r egarded, as authoritative and completethe r emarkable r esearches of Stinson Jarvis embodied
in the "Jarvis Letters. " This work, which I understand is about to be produced serially in the magazine
ca lled "Dawn "• is comparable, m its revolutionary bearing upon the entire range of human thought, only to th e epoch-making work
of Charles Darwin in biology; and as such, unrlouhtedly, it will hP. r egard ed by the next generation,
if not h_v this. ln its pagrs :von " ·ill come face.to face
Grt?enhtr and PrlnceHop kt ns.
�The,Western Comrade
11
with fact and proof-not with fine-spun theories or man thought the principles of national development
gratuitous guess work. You will learn of the great and decay-as determined by the Sword. Without a
.Druid priesthood which ruled the world from the fast- thorough mastery of these works the student still will
nesses of England six thousand years before the sup- be hampered in his thought by a sentimental prejudice
posed birth of Christ-and whose influence is potent against war; he still will be forever declaring its.
yet, a priesthood which curbed· the savage by the most "needlessness" or talking foolishly of "arbitration"
cunning deception-nay, rather by the most superb in- and the "Parliament of Man." Homer Lea with his.
tellectual excellence, a priesthood which wrote not only unflinching facing of, facts, with his ·p itiless logic and
the Vedas, the Old Testament, the Homeric ballads and unerring analysis once for all destroys the "Peacemost of the classics, but which wrote the New Testa- . Dove'' theory of social development, at least as far as
ment itself, and manufacturing Christianity as delib- the present epoch of ignorance and apathy is conerately as a carpenter makes a chair, floated it forth cerned; and he gives to the layman a -conception of
upon the world to do its work of ameliorating the pas- the fundamental laws governing the rise and fall of
sions of men by the sentiment of pity; a priesthood States from -the point of view of the Statesman-Sol4i_er.
which established its missions from Java to Wales and
There are two more works, of a lighter nature, but
from Mexico to Babylon, which made religion and lan- almost equally important, which must b'e mastered beguage· contemporaneously, and whose decadent relics fore the ·battle to understand the War is won: '' Gerstill slumber in the Vatican-all that is left to attest many and the Next War," by General Bernhardi-of
the once vast reign of the Mitre.
the German Staff, and "Germany and England,"/ by
"This you must read, and wrestle with, and then yon Professor Criunb, an English scholar deeply versed in
" culture. These two books sum up for the stuwill understand the purely adventitious nature, not German
merely of Christianity, but of those fundamental eth- dent the immediate and specific issues of the conflict in
ical conceptions which are supposed to be common to a very thorough and illuminating manner, and will be
all religions and all times. Then at last you will be invaluable in siding him to make special application of
able to turn with an unbiased mind to the study of the principles gained in the fundamental works to the
Christianity's antithesis-N ietzscheism-the Religion present European situation.
That mind-and only that mind-which with the
of Force and Valor-the cult of the Superman. And
most
careful thought and deliberation has masteredwithout understanding this you cannot understand
not
Swallowed-these
works, will be in a position to
modern Germany, nor her ideals, nor her wonderful
view
the
p-resent
struggle
intelligently, and to take part,
unity in the present conflict. Tq the German, you will
then see, this war is not merely a war for markets, nor as thinker arid interpreter, in the present gigantic Arfor territorial expansion-and it is both-but also a mageddon of conflicting social forces. This is a day of
veritable "Holy War,. against the hypocrisy and de- vast sacrifices, of superhuman efforts, of deeds that lift
cadence of an outworn Christianity, which has rotted men in the doing of them into the stature of giants.
Comrades of America awake to the heroic :...:.ature of
the soul of man and spread its fungus blight of fear and
superstition over half the earth. The German may be the Hour, emulate your brothers in Europe-but on
wrong in his conception. But only when you your- another battlefield, make. vast sacrifices, superhuman
self hav'e read the works of Nietzsche-read them, freed efforts-not •to slay, but to know; in sedulous study lift
from prejudice and 'with a will to understand his yourselves into the stature of Thinkers and men who
thought-and also the remarkable application of his Know, and Know that they Know. Then when the
philosophy to the current problems of Germany hy his day shall come 'when men shall ask "What did YOUdisciple Treitschke, will you be able intelligently to in the Great War?" you shall be able to reply, "I did
judge of the measure of righteousness in the Germanic not fight in the Great War, I did better, I la.bored te
conception of the "Armed Nation, the Superman and understand it.''
the World-State.''
Fverywl1ere the murderous boy scout movement is ·
There is one more trench to be taken-the Philosophy of W nr as set forth in the two most original and having a revival. It is evident that the powder trust is
profound documents the American genius has yet pro- alive to its opportunity to get more victims. Tens of
duced. I refer to the ''Valor of Ignorance'' and the thousands of mothers who sit iU: desolate homes in Eu''Day of the Saxon'' by General Homer Lea-youthful rope today were assured the boy scouts were purely a
cripple, hunch back, general, genius-and consulting peaceful institution. Children are being murdered and
strategist to five great powers. Here the iron d'octrine are being made murderers every hour< This is the hour
of Necessity is set forth with unpitying clarity; here for enlightenment. Peace meetings will be of no avail.
we see laid down for the first time in the historv of hu- Anti-war and anti-military action is what we need.
'
.
�12
The Western Comrade
After the War, What?
HAT effect will the war in Europe have terests will save him if 1- can put a bullet into his skull
on the · s~c i alist movement of t he world 1 before he puts a bayonet into my throat. And, if I
luly attempt at an answer will be purely ha.ve any means by whlch I can take the fighting spirit
out of that man so he will let me live in peace infuture
speculative but everyone bas a r ight to -I'll use them.
atheory.
.
-.
In
order
to
arrive
at
any
point'
where
The Dajly Citizen , organ of the British labor move- ·
•
at(l Ol Sll apuru aq UU;J UO !Slly;JUO;) B
ment, says:
hopes of the Socialists one must get the
The moment Russia moves toward war the Russian
ideas of those who have had the best opportunity to people move tows,rd revolution. And not .the Russian
stud.y the situation.
;
people only, but also nationalities like Finland and Po.
Probably no writer in Ameriea.ltas a clearer view land, upon whom Russia has trampled with clumsy and _
than Allan Benson, who writes in the New· York Call, heavy foot. * * *
Nor is the position of the Kaiser much happier than
und er th e title: "l;et the 'War Go On!"
that of the Czar. Kaiserdom is on its last ~egs in GerI hate war, but I do not hate it so much as I do many, even as Czardom is in Russia; the steady advance
·
some kinds of peace.
of democracy will put an end to both. The German
I regretted to see this war come on, btit now that it, workers are peace-loving and do _not w:ant war ; least
has come, I want to see it go on until its. cause shall of all do they desire to be dragged at the tail of the
have been wiped out of existence.
Hapsburgs.
What is its cause? Comrades may say that capitalism was its cause. Quite ·so. But that is not sufficiently
H. G. Wells emphasizes the position of the thinking
definite. It is no more nearly definite than it would
be to say that the atmosphere is the cause of the aero- people of England will not tolerate an attack on the
plane. Without the atmosphere the aeroplane would German people or on Germany.
not have existed. Without capitalism, the present. EuIt will be a sin to dismember Germnay or to allow
ropean war would not have been begun. The present any Germa-n-speaking and German-feeling territory to
European war is the result of capitalism, plus the pre- _fall under a forei~ yoke. ·
datory and military spirit of Germany as typified by its
· Let us English make sure of ourselves in that matEmperor.
· Th~re may be restoration of alien territory to the
ter.
Germany won an easy victory from France fortyFrench,
the Polish. the Danish and the Italian ; but we
four years ago. From that day to this she has been
have seen enough of racial subjugation now to be sure ·
drunk with confidence and ambition. * * *
that we will tolerat e no more of it. From the Rhine to ·
Why not stop the war then. We may-omit con- East Pntssia, and from the Baltic to the southern limits
sideration of the fact that it would be precisely as near- of German:speaking Austria, the Germans a:re one peoly possible to try to stop an eruption of a volcano after ple. Let us begin with a r esolution to permit no new
it had begun to spout. We should not try to stop the bitterness of conquered .territories to come into existwar because the spirit that has caused this war is a enci to disturb the future peace of Europe.
menace to civilization. Civilization will not be safe unLet us see to it that, at the ultimate settlement, Gertil that spirit ·is crushed. If it were not to be crushed mans, however gr eat this overthrow ma~ be, are all left
now, it would cause another war. Until the war came
. the world would be compelled to arm against it. No free men.
nation would be safe over night. The suddenness with
In <tn arti cle JWint ()d in American :dewspapers Wells
which Germany precipitated the present war shows the
Rays:
dangerous character of such a spirit.
The defeat of Germany may open the way to disComrades may recall the fact that in this great war
as in all others, workingmen are doing the fighting and armament and peace throughout the earth. To those
the dying. Comrades may even argue that German who love peace there can be no other hope in the presworkingmen are fighting and dying only because of ent conflict than her defeat, the. utter discrediting of
their ignora.nce. Comrades may explain that if the the German legend-ending it for good and all-of
German workingmen knew wherein their interests real- blood and iron, the superstition of Krupp, flag-wagly lay they would nat fight and that therefore it is in- ging, Teutonic KiplingiSm, and all that criminal sham
human to kill them off.
efficiency that centers in Berlin.
I don't ca.r e who puts a · bayonet to my throat,
Disaster to the German Army, if it is unaccom_ whether he is a. capitalist, a workingman or even a So- panied by J;uch a memorable wrong as dismemberment
cialist workingman-if I can get to him first1 I will kill or intolerable indignity, will mean the restoration of
him.: The fact that he is misguided will not save him. the greatest people of Europe to the fellowship of the
The fact that he is jgnorant will not save him. Not western nations. * * *
France, Italy, England, and all the smaller powers
even the fact that he is working against his own in-
�The Western Comrade
Capitalism's---Juggernaut
of Europe are now pacific countries. Russia, after a
huge war, will be too e:liliausted for further adventure.
[This remark should be much stronger. The Russian
. government will be bankrupt certainly, and Czarism
will probably be overthrown.] Shattered Germany will
be revolutionary. Germa.ny will be sick of the uniforms
and imperialist idea as France was in 1871 as ·disillusioned about predominance as Bulgaria is 'toda.y.
Bernard Shaw also tak es th e- stand tli-at the war is
against the Imperialists and the Emperors. He looks
with considerable apprehension on the prospect of a
conqu est hy the Russian despot' and looks hopefully toward the clay when th e German army, beaten and exhausted, shall become a great class conscious mass ready
for th e r evolt.
Germany is so important a. factor in the work of
civilization that, even when we are at war with her,
we must a.im finally at the conservation of her power,
to defend her Russia.n frontier.
This need not discourage us in the field. On the
contrary, we shall punch Prussia.'s head all the more
gloriously if we do it for honor and not for malice.
Then, when we have knocked all the militarism out of
�The Western Comrade
14
her and tauglit her to respect us, we ca.n let her up
again.
As to non-intervention, it is merely an insular superstition. The leaders of the modern labor movement
know that labor politics is international and that, if
militarism is to be strnck down, a mortal blow must be
aimed at Potsdam. * * - *
Had onr Government possessed a real modern foreign policy, Asquith might have said furiously to Prossian militarism:
'' If you attempt to smash France, we two will
smash you, if we can. We have had enough of tile
Germany of Bismarck, which all the world loathes, and
we will see whether we ca~ot reviye the Germany of
Goethe a.nd Beethoven, which has not &Ii ·enemy on
earth. ''
·william English Walling in t~e New Review says:
If the war is to create a. United States of Europeor even if it is to result in several democratic and fed-
eral republics, the_n So.cialists must say with Benson:
" Let the War Go On!" But if the war does more than
this, if it leads to real social revolutions, to the com-.
plete overthrow of the. ruling aristocracies and plutocracies-even though it does not carry any country as
far as Socialism-within a few years it will have amply
repaid its cost in blood and .treasure, no matter how
staggering the cost may be.
Charles Edward Russell declares that there will he
no rnd to wars and nothing of value grow out of this
war unless the competitive system is abolished.
If then we a.re determined that when this whirlwind
of bestiality shall have passed we shall ·not have another, if we wish a condition under which the structure
of society shall not be blown down, human intercourse
shall not be destroyed, civilisation shall not be set backwa.rd, and the ea.rth shall not be bathed in blood, the
one possible Wiy to that condition is to eliminate for~
ever the causes of wa.r.
Instead of business for private profits we must have
Business for the Common Good. Instead of private
ownership of the 'means of life we must have the. means
of life owned by the puplic for the public welfa.re. In.stead of gigantic fortunes gathered at the general expense and used for individual power we must abolish
poverty, a.n d give to the poorest child in tbe land all
the education that can now be secured by the .richest.
Instead of outworn feudalism we must have the full
measure of democracy for men and women.
Abolish capitalism, take away the huge, selfish, remorseless, savage power of profits and profits can no
longer plunge the nations into wa.r.
1
Give to the people the sole control of their own affairs and they will never lead themselves into wholesale
slaughters.
·
All other talk of remedies, reforms, measures, exhor. tations, appeals, preachments, agreements, treaties, ·
peace, conferences, gabble, talk fests, protes~s, peace societies, arguments and resolutions is childish prattle,
one thing or the other. Abolish the sources of war or
prepare to see civilization crushed and your own country with the rest reverted to the state of the cave men.
' Which shall it be?
RULES FOR SLAUGHTER
W
HEN German aviators flew over Paris in the
night and dropped bombs which killed women
and children in their beds, protests were made
ana the world wns asked t~ recoil with horror because 'rhe Hagu e P<.>ace Conference decided some time
ago that nations should not kill women and children
by this method.
Th e ro11fercnce gr·anted p~opie a right (an ina.lienablc right
to believe they would not be murdered
in their heds by men shooting from above. This helief and the "rights" were alienated by the resounding
crash of the explosions. For those unschooled in the
rules of war it is difficult to understand some of the
usages.
It is not permissible to slaughter a mother's baby
in its cradle, but it is permissib~e to murder the same
child in the trenches when he has grown old enough
to wear a boy scout's uniform!
You may not "legally" murder men with dum-dum
bullet , but you may kill their wives and children
with starYation, pestilence or by rapine-provided you
have "legally" conquered and lawfully killed their
natural guardians.
n
'
You may not lawfully poison the wells and watet•
sources and kill people by the hundreds, but you may
poison the air by the stench of rotting, unburied dead,
and torture them by t error until they perish by the
thousand!
You thay not rightfully rob the dead on the battlefield, but you may hold an ~;ntirc city as a hostage
and squeeze millions out of the working class through
their masters!
,
1
Finally, when you have conquered a people, you
may not select the tenderest and cook them over a
fire and eat them, but you may .enslave them industrially and devour their lives and those of their children forever more !
Andrew Carnegie, supporter, if not father, of these
beautiful and humane rules,.left kibo Castle in Scotland and returned to America, fearing 1!0me of his
"inalienable rights," under his rule of wars, might
be alienated by a foreign foe.
Possibly Andy can evolve some more rules to still
further rob war of its terrors and add to the blessing
that hallow our days.-G. E. R. .
�Hi
The Western Comrade
- -
HYPNOSIS
fG::;ii~;j!THENS
was agog. On~ of her pillars, a
prominent financier, was toppled by the
hand of a dastard. Seated at his desk
in his private office in one of his large
buildings, H erman Isidore Silverwahl,
wit h a knife tucked in between two of
his ribs, 'Y~s found by his stenographer
early one morning.
The compositors on the prints of .A-thens ~et up
many a " his " when '''orking on matter pertaining to
Silverwahl, the old German-Jew money-lender and
t· lothing manufactur er. This, wi th the fact that the
initials II. I. S_ also made up the word, and a slight
play on his middle name, led to the private (very,-he
hci11g a sacred cow ) cognomen among t he newspaper
mt·n of" Old Hizzy. "
Extras of each of t he "star-eyed intelligences"
that had t h_eir habitat in Athens were being hawked on
thP streets soon after the gruesome find of the stenograp her. Under sc reaming heads . they gave most minut e details of t he crime, and demanded, as one, of the
d r trctive depar tment, then in bad odor with the growin g- phalanxes of r eform , the immediate apprehension
(lf the slayer.
1n th e r egular issues followed verbal chromos of
th t· deceased and his super-secret beneficence, written
h~· th e star tear-t ensers of each stati. Ponderous editorial s dralt with the murder from many view-points. One
ra hid journal that stood for "industrial freedom" laid
it at the door of th e "uniouites," with. whom the victim had had difficluties some months before, over an
a ttempt to organize the workers in his overall factory.
1t complacently concluded that as this was "a free
<'onnt ry, men should be allowed to run their own business to su'it themselves,_without the aid of Socialist or
;marchist a gitators, who should be {1-t once deported."
A not her champion of the "peepul" laid editorial
stress upon Silverwahl 's unswerving loyalty to Athens
in establishing his factories there, despite the seductive
offers from neighboring cities, and that "in hi:; un~
seemly t aking-off..the working class lost a true friend."
Opining editorially, a third held that from the massiYe signs reading:
WI---- -------WI
I
SILVERWAHL
I
I
OVERALL,
I
I
I
WI
THAT'S ALL!
ATHENS.
I
I
WI
·-
wh ich the deceased had caused to be erected along
th e railroads tbrou!!hout th e state, Athens had r eceived
-
By
J.~.
F. GANNON
incalculable benefits in the way of advertising. It
dwelt lovingly upon the Silverwahl Medal of Honor,
which was presented at appropriate exercises to heroic
firemen, by the gray-haired, kind-hearted financier in
person each year at the Silverwahl Theatre. Starting
_the subscription list with $500.00, it suggested th~ erection of a suitable memorial in his honor, "to show the
nation and the world that Athens is not lax in paying
its r'e spects to genius and rectitude.''
·
One paper, an eight-page evening sheet that refused to hunt with the pack and had consequently been
accused of harboring every "ism" in its bosom but
rationalism, while deploring the murder, ·though not in
slobbering vehemence as the others, insisted on baring
the victim's antecedents. F~om humble immigrant Ito
ol 'clo 's man, to pawn-broker and money-lender it followed Jlis career to final eminence: · Claiming that it
was no secret that the old man plied his early calling of
mo1;1ey-lender, and that no loan was to small or fee to .
large in his eyes up to the time of his death; it averred
that among these necessity-driven wretches, his clients,
the culprit would be found, and that in some extra
hard-hearted, cold-blooded bargain lay the motive.
· These conjectures were met with silent ~ontempt by
its contemporaries, in whose columns the crime was
daily discussed hysterically from every conceivable as·
pect.
· ·with the police to the last man at work, a mass
meeting for the purpose of raising funds for a memorial
was called, the date set being the afternoon of the day
following the funer~~:L
* * *
Silverwahl 's Theatre was packed with humanity.
'fhe HonorabJe Thaddeus Swinton was fervidly mopping his incarnadined and perspiring brow during the
applause that came hurtling upon the heels of his announcement that the Silverwahl Memorial Fund had
reached the handsome total of $10,000.
1
"It is," he said in tremulous tones, "from the bottom of my heart, heavy with a sorrow that doubtless
weighs upon every member of the community, that I
thank you for your generous response to the call of
civic appreciation for a man of s(llid worth and simple
grandeur."
In an effort to give some mel}.sure of relief to the
sweltering auditors who filled the illy-ventilated theatre, the attaches had opened wide the front doors and
an exit on either side of the house.
As the Honorable Thaddeus proceeded with his
highly t in ted eulogy of the departed, the noises from
street irritated him exceedingly. At one point in his
..
~
~·-:
�16
The Wescc!tn Comrade
oration the clanging of all the gongs and whistles in
At}:lens seemed for a few instants to have centered in
the lobby, In the throes CJf metaphoric delivery at the
time, he stopped short and sarcastically informed the
doorman that the audience probably considered his discourse~ more entertaining than the combined clanging
of trolley-car and fire- engine bells. Half an hour later
the Honorable Swinton gave way to the brave General
Barleybeard, proprietor of the paper that sto.o d for
"Industrial free~ om." His harangue consisted ·chiefly
of innu endoes delivered at the " unionites," whqse
machinations, h e intimated, made th e ):llac~hand look
lii< P a kindergarten at prayertime.
A chun:h dignitary follow ed him , and in ~a masterly
add ress that att estccl to the speaker's magnetic personality nd nat ive wit, brought hoth tears and laughter
by his rathPt' nnhamper·ed portraya l of the old Gerrnan-Jew financ:icr··.
With a competr· nt l'ommittre of fiv e appointed and
given d iseret iona ry power in the matter of deciding the,
form of t he m<·mo rial , the meeting £orally adjourned.
Amid th e buzz pr'f']Htratory to the departure of the .aueli tors the dmr(·hm an re-arose, holding aloft in his right
hnnd a yPIIow rn rss :-~ge-fo rm. Silence quicidy supervened. Visibly affPf·trd, hut in a steady, sonorous
voice h e began:
"God, with infinite wisdom , that it were presumptuous for mortals to question or seek to fathom, has
!Seen fit to visit upon our city a supremely sad accident. Since we hav e here assembled to honor the memory of a brothrr·, many souls have passed from Ath ens
to be adjudged of Th e Maker. I pray God that each be
found worthy . Th e d etails of the accident shall no
doubt be thrust at you by those who harbor resentment
against their more prosper·ous f ellows, interpreted in
the glare of th eir prejudi ce, but I trust that your innate
American broadness and Cln·istian fortitude in time of
chastening sh.all prevail over these agents of social
disorder and dernoralizl\tion."
As the vast audi ence, mellow from its ben evolent
labors, surged out into the comparatively cool summer
evening air. thr strident Extry! Extry! of a horde of
nC'wsbo~s eager for the harvl•st smote discordantly on
the consciousness of mnny a madame with the glitter
of tears unsh eo in hC'I' eyes.
The irony of fate was startlingly evident to those
who hurri ed ly procured and sca~med the extra of the
evening paper.
75 GIRL'\ DE!\D! M'NY INJURED! HEM 0 ~EAD
STREET FACTORY SILVERWAHL OVERALL CO.
BURNS IN TWENTY MINUl'ES
EXITS LOCKED
" I didn't know! " says young Silverwahl.
" Profits!'' says Union H eao.
'
Followed an account of the ghastly happening,
wherein was shown gross criminal ·carelessness, open
contempt of law and an appa'u~ng, dehumanizing pursuit of profits. Restrictive rules even in the obeying of
nature 's calls were shamefacedly related by many survivors.
In all th e sordid, pitiful ruck of the catastrophe was
on~ bright, tear-compelling incident. The forelady, Sadie Connors 1 nick-named among the driven girls, The
Ogress, deliberately sacrificed her life for her trapped ·
sisters. '\\ ith all the pent up love of her suppressed existence as a slavey of Gain loosed in the instant of peril.
she entered the flaming stt·uc·t11re time after time _to
snatch an uncons ·ious . hap (· from th e human huddle
at the broken down ex its, car ry· it down th e rickety
stairway to safety and re-enter· for a similar burden.
Vic:iously fighting off rrstmiaing hands, her short('ropped gr ey in g hair si n g-ed to a sort ot: ulortde halo, she
rnslwcl to her· death a few seconds before the flimsy
fi rr-trap collapsed .
.ll!e real mean ing of that 1 ompous phrase '·the
power or the press." co in ed to induce in the mass a feeling of security that cool consid erati on is un_able to inc:ul catc, \\'as well cxemplifiecl during the succeeding
fortnight. \Yith an unanimity and ''"ill that must have
mad e the gouty God of Things that Are wear an un c1uous smi le of' approbation, the dai lies of Athens, save
the r·cca l.eitrant sheet hereinbefore mentioned, harped
upon the ''acc ident '' as be'ing the '' will of an inscrutable, diety." Gen eral Barley beard even went so far as
to editorially admit that there was yet a glimmer of
hope for the workers while a Sadie Connors could arise
among them,-pointing out, however, in the closing ·
paragraph that she was not of the abhorr!'Jd "unionites. ''
Sob-sisters from the larger cities invaded Athens,
and.for a brief moment the name and fame of Sadie
Connors assumed proper proportion and grandeur.
Smugly appropriating the world's homage to an heroic ·
\\'Orker, Athens sp eedily subscribed a fund for a silver
tablet, engraved th ereon the golden qeed of the dead
heroine and publicly presented it to the tearful, tottering old mother of Sadie Connors.
.
Sixteen days after the ''accident'' the facts uppermost in th e average Athenian consciousness wer~-that,
regarding a certain mint chewing gum, "the flavor
lasts,'' and that Theodore Roosevelt on the previous
day shot some sort of a thingumbub in South American wilds. and that the home team had cinched the
pennant.
Speal,ing seriously of the Czar's habit of changing
geographical names over night the Brooklyn Eagle suggests that he change the name of Europe to Abbatoir.
G'oorl iiTe;i-rither that or Gehenna.
�The Western Comrade
•
17
DEALING A .HAND FOR DEATH
By FRANK H. WARE
A king's a king 'n a jack's a jack
'N a queen's allus a queen;
'N bullets is trumi>s 'n blood's th' stakes
On th' battlefield 'atween.
Th' discard's coffins draped In black,
'N losers lose 'n curse;
'N board's a I>lay in th' game o' war,
When war is hell, 'n worse.
--~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
OR two y ears had the siege of the capital
been on. For two years had 'the· battle
raged :md in those two short years ten
.~
~_
million brave hearts cursed and -died.
'l'h P young mr n, the flower of the na.
tions, Jona had been plucked and now lay
__
half f'Xpost>d, half lmricd in the reeking,
r·ott iHg- tn~ n 12 hes where they fell.
'l'housands of motl11·r·s smothered their grief and .
with eallowwd ht>m·ts ·donned thP cast-off uniforms
of thc·ir husbands and sons ::.o th c•y too could be fodder
for· eannon. Why thP~' "·Pre fighting had been for~ott cn. 1\fost of th em lwei rll'Y~'r !mown. And as the
ranks bec ame Rm::diPr thf' nrea of fighting dwindled and
dwindled until at last th e combined armies of all the
warring nations cent ered nhout the great city.
l\1ost of thP hrnyy artillery wus silent. Gennauy
let England master 1hc· ~ow a hy abandoning her ships
and using her marinc·s n nd sailors with the land forces.
Airships and acroplnnf's wer·e a thing of the past, as
far as this · war was corw er1r ed. No more mechanics
were available. 'l'he ea ,-airy was annihilated. A few
machine guns, '' homf'-mHde'' cHnnon, vicious handmade bombs (the work of women and invalids) composed th cntir·f' or·dnam·t'. Tire debts of each nation
were appallin~. CiYi li zation trembled on the brink of
the pit. '
Rnlrrs of· 11011-eombHting eonntr·ics made countless
peace overtures only to find tfr em ignored Ly the warring powers.
Kaiscr·s Czar·s, Empcr·ors, P r·esidents, Kings and
petty rul rs of countries embroiled in war paused and
shook their heads. " \Ve started it," th ey said to themselv , ' hut. we cannot stop it.
Th en these same rulers i. ued pro lamation after pr·oclamation urging "loyalty and upport for their c"ountry in the grace of God!"
"In the o-ra e of God eh ?"said one of the survivors
as he read one of the proclamations. "Arid by the
grace of all the God what forf" _It seemed, that as
he lay there on hi cot, a great light dawned upon his
mind and with a smile he turned to a comprufion in the
next cot.
Are you awakt-, comrade ?" he asked.
F
''Yes,'' groaned the other and rolled o er o he
might better see the speaker.
"Did yon ever know that bull ts have en et"
asked the first.
"Not to my certain knowledge do I know it although I may well say, with a much emphasi as lDJ'
shattered body allow that I ta ted enough' hrapnel
and bullets to be transformed into a patch\vork- but I
don't know--"
"You· understand me, a}though you do not· admit
it. By bullets having sen e I hold th,at wh n you first
go into battle, cheering and po es ing a whole skin,
Let the War Go On!
of
yotl think
nothing but slaughter. Yol}r eyes are
wild with enthusiasm and patriotism floods your soul.
Urged by your comrades you become insane and revel
in the butchery. At last a bullet sears your skin, and
goaded by the pain and warm blood you become a
demon fHled with fury. As your company charges for- •
ward you run to the front. You want to be first. You
rush into the very jaws of a :oaring cannon and spear
a gunner. You reel and fall, your body full of cuta
and bullets. When you come to you find yourself on
a cot and a nurse and doctor bending over and an
officer standing nearby to comp]jme!Jt you for your
bravery."
Here be broke off and reaching out his arm touched
�18
The Western Comrade
the dress .of a nurse as she was passing. "Bring me
wate':"!" he begged. She did as he bade and he drained
the cup.
''Are you listening, friend 1'' he asked when the
nurse had departed.
"Aye, and you are · telling your story quite well,"
camEl the answer in husky tones. "But," he continued,
"what has that to do with bullets having sense and
why--'' here he broke into a terrific cough w_h ich
lasted several mirrt?-tes. When he had finished he was
too weak to resume but signaled his comp~nion with a.
slight nod and movement o; the band to ~ontinue.
"That was a pretty close call and for a" moment I
thought you were gone. You deserve an :iron cross
for rallying, but hereafter .let me d~ the talking."
Th e ashen face of his friend broke into a smile and
his dark brown eyes took on a faint luster. He again
nodded weakly. ·
"I was just at that point where the bullets and
sense enter. I had reached the point, I believe, where
you were on the road to your senses. You receive your
compliments very graciously-that is-as graciously as
your war-torn conscience permits. But you have lost
all your lust for blood. The bullets that struck you
down have set your brain to thinking. Uppermost now,
in your mind, are your chances for recovery. You view
war from a different angle. You see the murderou~
side as it should be seen and your patriotism takes a '
slump as you read proclamations from yo-gy King condoling the wounded and wishing speedy recovery.
What for:1 To give you another chance to wrestle with
bullets for the love of your country and the grace of
God!"
His voice had slowly and steadily raised in volume
ending in quivering high-pitched tones. A nurse
rushed to his cot to quiet him but he waved her back,
shouting, ''Don't disturb mel I have not finished
yet!"
His face was flushed an~ scarlet. Back of his fever~sh -and pained expression was a look of bitterness
mingled with hate. He had debated over and over
again with himself that day the folly of war. He had
only let go of his surplus energy when the nurse bore
down upon him, She tried to calm him but he would
not listen.
''Disturbing my comrades, eh ! '' he sneered. They're
not my comrades. They're my fellow murderers !'' He
flung her hand away as she tried to sooth his brow,
and pointed toward an"approaching surgeon.
"And you, too!" he shouted in rage. "You patch
us up as fast as we come in. You send us out again as
fast as we can wabble. vVhat for 1 So you can patch
ns up again for the love of your country-and-thegrace--" He fell back and his eyes began to glaze.
.
"Remove that man!" roared an officer to the surgeon.
"Remove this man!" ordered the surgeon. TwC>
orderlies ran forward.
''Take this anarchist out of here and put him in
the guard house!" again roared the officer.
The pale faced comrade in the next cot heard the
shuffling as his unfortunate friend wa<> borne away. A
faint smile flittered ac!ross his face. He smiled because he saw the end of war. He saw his King; his allies' kings and monarchs; his enemies' kings and monarchs fighting <>ide by si3e against an angry horde. He
saw those who had been forced into this war rebel , arisP.
and strike these monarchs down. And last, he saw
these joined in one great brotherhpod.
,
He smiled again and beckoned to a nurse. She came
and sat beside him. Commanding all his strength in
one great effort he pulled her to him and wh ~spe r ed in
a hoarse, death rattle, ''Goodbye, I ~m gone-to Hell, I
~ness. I 'm many times a murderer-but I played the
cards as they dealt them. I'm gone-for th.e love of my
country-and gone-in the grace of God!"
CHURCH NEWS FROM AFRICA
(By th e Benighted Press. )
NGAARD, Central Africa, Oct. 25, 1914.--Resolutions were read and. adopted ip the Central
Cannibal Chut·ch protesting against the Christian war,
now belng waged in Europe. The resolutions condemn the wanton destruction of life, except for purposes of food.
'fhc Ladies' Heathen Society of the First Church of
the Unredeemed voted to send a boatload of yams,
gourds and breadfruit to the starving wives and children of Christians whose husbands and fathers are at
war . .
TheY oung Men 's Pagan Society of Junglesia adopted resolutions calling on all young pagarts to resist the
insiduous teachings of Christianity; and to dedicate
their lives to peace.
At the Church of the Voodoes, the Fire Worshippers' Temple, and the Second Buddists' Congregation
of Tong Yong Ya, collections were taken up to carry on
foreign missions among the French, Russians, Germans
and English peoples.
Missionaries will go among these warlike people and
endeavor to persuade them to forsake their blood-thirs- ·
ty Gods and worship th e One True God of Africa.
"Europe for Vood in ] 9] 5," is the logan of these
·
·
loyal religionists.-M:ary Field.
U
�Tb.e Western Comrade
•
Co-operation tn Europe and the
19
ar
The War's Message---By Ernest 0. F. Ames
A~'f
d~egates
L every civilized country, representing thirty milyear in Olasgow, Scotland,
from
lion co-op •rator~, met in the International Co-opl·rative .Congress. Among other things, they renewed
their pledges of intf'rnational p ace and disarmament.
Today, one year lat<·r·. many of l.he nations r epreentrd are at <·a1·h other 's throats in a death grapple.
Each nnt ion in the fight will surely haYe many of these
•·!•-operators in its ranks.
Jt is the oh,j('(·t of this art icle to show the effect
()( this war on the co-operative movement and the r elation of ·o-opr.rat ion to the war. Th e immediate future is sr rimt s for· eo-operation rcqnomically and from
th P mat<•J'irtl sta ndpoint. Edw·ationally, the co-operat i\'e moYcmcnt may he the gain er, but at how great a
··ost we shall see.
Co-opemtion will PI' O\"{' or iuc. timablc benefit during- th e war to th e proplr-, hoth members of co-9perative
SfH' i(•t irs a nd non r11 em ht·r·s.
Co-op erative stores have
alr·f•ad,v just ifir·d their· t•xistenrr b,v th e steadying cfr,.,., lht·y ha v had on tht• ma rk etWh r·n 1hr war hr·okr ont and pani c seized big busitl t''ii-1. or rat ht•r \\'IJr·H hig- busin ess seized upon th e
pnllit· 1111d lll ttdt• it an I'X('\lR I' to inflate prices and to
hold up th <· mar·lw t.. thr ro-opcr·at.ive stores stood firm.
No itH·l'I.'Hfit• in pr·i ers was pr.rmittcd.
'J'hC' p eopl es' store. pi1blished broadcast in the
pr ess, and by other· advertising means, the statement
that th ey w r c not advancing prices. They went furtht•r·. thl'Y \\'Ht'JWd the publie against overbuying from
tl11• stOt'l'S, tht•r·cby dPplcniRhing stocks and assisting
the tendency toward high prices. Members were
stron gly urged not to withdraw their savings or capital
f1·om the o-operativc funds, but to continue living in
all respects a normally as possible. The co-bperative
factories put on cxt1·a workers to counteract any unemployment due to the war.
Th e effect of this attitud by the vast co-operative
busin·~
intcre. tR wa immediate. In Great Britain the
indtJStrial ami eo mm('l' in! pnnic at the declaration of
WfU' w a alruo ·t in .. tautly qua bed.
The attempt to
:u·tificinlly inflat pri e wa nipped in the bud and the
food pirat h ld in chc k In orne other European
•otmtl'ie wh r • the power of co-operatio-n was not so
grNit. tht• govrrnm r n t int rfer d to accomplish the
·amc end.
·
Tl1c o-operator will tim by the accumulated
st vin~r made in tl1 e control of their own business for
man
ear:- pa t, be enabled to urvive the present
cris:i ,-thi calamity caused by the capitali t y tem
of monopdy and inequality.
The reserve force of co-operation will largely tem
the devastation and ruin caused by capitalism. Cooperation wjll thus be revealed a ' a constructive force,
while capitalism is destructive in it career and leatls
finally to more complete de truction, such a thi war
exliibits. The vast funds of the co-operators will save
its members from immediate want and po tpone, if not
entirely remo-ve, actual hunger and starvation, uch
as for instance al;eady afflicts the Balkan people, who
have been at war so long.
In this way by the very magnitude of its forces
and by virtue of its stand for a higher and different
form of life, in wh,ich "each for all and all for each"
will be the rule, instead of fraud and aggression, the
co-operators h~ve performed a great service both to
their own members and the millions of poor people,
who otherwise· would have been at the mercy once
again of greedy traders and market gamblers.
The amount of suffering and privation prevented,
the stamina and independence saved, .will go a long
way towards the reconstruction of democratic forces,
which will be so greatly needed at the close of this
fearful capitalistic clima~.
·while co-operation is showing its immense value as
au Pconomie saving force for its large membership, and
indirectly for the whole community, it stands in the .
first line of the war's victims. The arrest of production, the wholesale devastation, the monstrous expenditures of life and property, will pile up a load of debt
beyond the conception o£. even modern economists.
All waste and debt always has to be met by labor.
Mo1·e labor must replace labor wasted and expended
and replace it with interest.- The working people and
their institutions are the first to suffer wher;t wars
come. They foot the bills, inevitably. The strain of
supporting the people during this ghastly war, added
to the burden of debt which the war will create, ' and
which will immediately fall upon the laboring classes,
will bring financial ruin io many of the people_s' cooperative enterprises.
Th e co-operative societies will continue to pour out
their substance to ward off starvation of women and
children. Thousands of men folk will be killed in the
wa10, and general impoverishment of co-operative societies will result from this unnecessary world calamity.
�20
The Western Comrade
Group of Colonists at Llano
del
.
.. Rio
The greatest loss that co-operation will suffer, however, and more calamitous ev<>n than the loss of funds
and property, will Lc the loss of progress in the great
social reforms that co-operation, along with other
social forces, has advanced so stradily during latter
years. 'fhe great crim e of this war against all humanity will be the settin g hack of all social reform
for gencmtions.
Social workers, hetter· than any other people, lmow
how mueh remains to be done to bring things to an
approximation of justice; at the same time i1 is readily
admitted that the. last twenty-five year's in Europe have
been years of great accomplic;;ltment. The chi ef fight
has been to secure money from national and stnt1~ ex-
ehcquers for ' reforms. The gradual removal of taxa- tiou from labor to unearned increment and the inercased claim upon the latter for funds to administer
measures of social justiee has characterized the struggle for equality of opportunity. The fight has been
long and hard to get a few millions for such work and
1he advent of war, with its spending of milliG>ns, sadllrns the heal'ts and -chills t he hopes of all who serve
in t he cause of progr·css: Already the old reply seems
to be r cne"·ed ''there is no money fo r social amelior:\tion. ". Thr dcndly apnthy, the sullen lack of interest,
which characterizes a gl'ncration of people for whom
thcrr is no relief in sight from h ~cl unremitting toil
nml ,~·ant, is an impassahlr hal'l'ier to progress.
(To he concluded. )
WALL STREET'S NEvV HORROR-By Max Hays
N
0"\V the dude bookkeepers, clerks and typewriter-s
of Wnll Stre'et, \Yho have ah,·ays disphtyccl -considerable scorn toward the very common persons wh o
work, arc up against the real thing.
Hundreds of the snobbish crowd have been laid off
or1 discharged outright on account of the closing of the
Stock Exchange, the bankers, brokers and oth er manipulators having little or no work for office servants.
It is only a few months ago that unemployed meetings were held in the Wall Street distri"Ct for the purpose of imprel'lsing th e money changers with the fact
that there were unfortunate people in the \fOrld ~vho
deserved to be treated justly.
The nasty little satellites of the bankers and brokers created much amusement for themselves and each
other by pelting the speak ~rs with orange peelings, apple cores, peanuts, etc., accompanied by hoots and sneering remarks to display their great wit (and long ears).
Now they are getting at least a partial close of their
medicine. A N cw York paper says large numbers of
office men and women floc1~ around the buitldings in the
financial district and make anxious inquiries about the
possibilities of securing employment.
· They franldy admit that they are up against a serious situation, fot· the most of th em are virtually without means, as the high cost of living in New York has
hocome a nightmare. The r eal labor element is shedcling no t ears of sympathy for the flunkies of Wall
Street, who ordinarily glory in their slavishness.
�The We s tern Comrade
II
NOTES ON THE WAR
21
II
By H OM E R CO N STAN TI NE =========:::!!-
The Kaiser has conferred the iron cross on 189 soldiers and the double cross on about forty million others.
If you want to get up a reput~tio'n as a prophet just
give it out at this hour that the Austro-Hungarian coalition will collapse with continued Russian vi~tories.
Jt 's Yirtually in the goulash now.
According to cable reports the submarine that sank
three British cruisers ' as _the U 9. English sailors declare it came from the Dogger banks and this gives rise
to th e suspicion that it was really the K 9.
"Fonrard with God!" says the Kaiser.
"Full steam ahead with the Almighty at the helm!"
says the King.
"What damned barbarians!" says the Fiji Island
Cannibal.
Enter Henrietta Dubb,-vide the following dispatch-
PARIS-Among th e wou,nded brought to Nois-leSec, a town in the department of the Seine and near
the Ourc:t' canal, was a young laundress in a soldier's
uniform. Before sending her· to the rear the eommandiug officer c omplimente~ her on her bravery.
PARIS- The Matin prints a photograph of a saber
bayonet found near Meux, belonging to the Forty-seventh Prussian i'nfantry, one edge of which was notchea
liJ,e a saw. 'l'he Matin says that many similar saber
bayonets have been found. \Vhen this bayonet is
thmst ii:tto the human abdoq1en and withdrawn it
briugs out the intestines -whi ch ~equentlf are trailed
twenty feet away. Scores of living men have been
found in -this terrible condition.
·w hen R.ussia went ser:iously to war the Demon Rum
received a terrible swat. The government, which has
.l1ad a monopoly of the booze business, stopped the sale
of vodka throughout the empire. The declaration is
made that a great war cannot be fought on alcohol or
any of its compounds. Great petitions are being circulated asking the government to make' prohibition permanent. These petitions set forth the statements that
vodka bas been the national curse. Meantime Petrograd is as dry as Knoxville and the cable carries no
news of Iiat~nal disaster.
NEW YORK-Society women are rejoicing over the
solution of the vexatious servant question. · "Starvation an.d widowhood will drive the women of Europe
here by. the thousands and they will be willing to work
at our term_s. The present scale of wages will go down
a the numbers increase," said the wife of a prominent
financier who has made millions in western mines and
lands.
Germans complain they are being killed by dumdum bullets fired by the French soldiers. A dum-dum
bullet has a hollow point and soft nose. Entering the
hnman body it disintegrates and tears the flesh · to a
pulp. · 1-\..ridre\\' Carnegie had this bullet bari·ed by rules
of the Hague peace conference. (Yes be did-like
Kelly did ).·
A gun store in l;os Angeles is displaying in a window a Mercicr-Bennett machine gun that fires 600 shots
a minute. _ The gun is the property of a company of the
California -National Guard. The · notable thing abou t
the display is the fact the gun and extra clips are loaded with soft-nose or dum-dum -bullets ! Shall we call
- :t 11ew Hague conference 1
•
" See the grisly t exture grow!
('Tis of human entrails made.)"
During the battle of Hofstade, near Malipes, King
Albert of Belgium motored out and participated in the
general engagement. The Belgians forced the German
artillery to r etreat. ~kid chains were used on his majesty's motor before he left the scene as the highway,
where a cavalry charge had been checked by shrapnel,
was slippery with fragm'ents of human flesh, blood and
1
entrails.
·
i
The bristled boar in infant gore
Wallows beneath the thorny shade.
At Tomazow a Russian lieutenant (a Petro.graduate
from the imperial war college) showed his skill with
the bayonet whe~ he took a rifle from one of his men
and with the bayonet tossed a baby high in the air and
caught it again and again on the point of his weapon.
The young mother of the infant, who stood shr ieking at
the sight, was taken away by the soldiers and the fol·•lowing day found dead and mutilated in their deserted
camp.- German dispatch.
�The Western Comrade
22
WHY THE WAR?
By J. H. RYCKMAN
the war . the Christians of the them the forces of reform or revolution, for revoluwhole world prayed for peace, but God tion is only reform raised to the ninth power.
On the contin ent these forces have grown so powerwas on a journey or perhaps he slept and
ful,
their demands are so insistent, their adherents
heard not. After the war came, the
:so
numerous
that they have become an immediate
Christians of Germany by direction of
the Kaiser; prayed to the same God for menaee to every th.r one and every chancellery of Euvictory to perch upon the. standard of rope, and to every religious and political superstition
the Hohenzolierns, and they~ modestly in the world. In .!'"'ranee the Socialist Party at the rethat he was in honor bou~d to give cent election-increased its vote from 1,100,000 to 1,490,the victory to them as they were the best .friends he 000 and its representation in the parliament from 76
ever had. Likewise the Czar and- his priests of the to 102, and at the next election it was safely counted
Holy Catholic · Church prayed to the same God for that they would capture the government in every
the victory and incid~nta l]y mentioned the fact that department and thus brave, gallant, beautiful France
the R.ussian people were the only really steadfast ad- would take its place at the head of the grand prodession of co-operative commonwealths that are soon
herents of the one true God.
This morning I saw in ·a London paper an appeal to girJle the earth.
In Germany the forces of reform were even more
for 100,000 volunteers and it wound up with "God
Save the King." Even the Britisl_1 don't intend to rely po\verful, the Socialists alone having 110 members in
the German parliament and 4,500,000 votes-about
wholly upon the volunteers.
38
per cent of the whole, and at the next election might
But these millions down on their knees appear· to
have forgott en that cYr.n if this God ·could answer readily have captured the government. In Italy, Austheir mutually antagoni stic prayers, he seems to prefer tria, Belgium, Denmark, Holland, Finland, Norway
to keep the promise he marl e in his own book. (Prov. and Sweden th e movement was growing with astonish1 :26-28.)
ing rapidity. The ruling class was stricken with
''I also will laugh at your calamity; I will mock dread . <The people were crushed with a burden of
when your fr.at· cometh: when your fear cometh as debt imposed ' for the building and upkeep of the
desolation and ' your destruction cometh as a whirl- paraphernalia of war. Austria, doubtless at dictation
wind, then shall they call upon me but I will nat from Potsdam, declared war on Set·via on the flimsiest
answer.''
possible pretext.
Th e Czar mobilized his troops on the Austrian
We . have no time for futilities, either of protest
against the war, or speculation as to the outcome. We frontier- Germany declared war on Russia and had
leave such things to those who will follow ~s. We completed mobilization of her army in 20 ·hours-the
greatest war • machine ever constructed, and jumped,
look facts in the face and seek for causes.
This war is but a phase of the world-wide, age-long uot at the throat of Russia, but at the throat of the
conflict between autocracy and d~mocracy·
l<'rench Republic-started not for St. Petersburg, but
In England we saw a while ago, the extreme wing for Paris-to wipe off the map of Europe at one fell
of the ruling class, the Tories, feeding the fires of re- blow Europe's greatest republic and to biJck the
volt against Home Rule in Ireland and we see the mod- forces of progress possibly forever.
erate wing, the Liberals, throwing women in jail rather
It was not Russian despotism that was to be crushed
than give them the ballot. And so the battle rages the but French repuhlicanism. · Germany;s war lord and
world around between autocracy whether disguised his apologists _seek to justify their declaration of war
as Czar or Kaiser , President or Prime Minister on the aga inst Russia hy saying that the autocracy of Rusone side and democracy on the other-between king- sia is a menace to the high civilization of Europe.
craft and priesthood and their · prerogatives on one l<'rance agrees with him, Englan'd and Italy a:rid Belside and the common people, the workers of the world, giti.m agree with him and all that the Kaiser had to do
on the other, in their effort to get control of the gov- when Russia menaced Austria was to beck on England
ernment.
__
and France and Italy and all Europe to his side and
Cr{)ssing the Channel we see the forces of progress the Czar of Russia, coward that he is, would have
marshaling by millions. I care not whether you call called off his dogs of war and the peace of Europe
~~~EFORE
·B
�The Western Comrade
(]
·Your Class Must Win!
By Allan L. Benson
.
'
~; '
Y
'OU cannot ~in unless ybur class wins-·tJ:Ie working
class.. You ca_I].D.Ot win unl-ess you get together and
stick together. ~he Socialist platform ·is the only
place in America in which you can get together without
finding grafters and bunco men sandwiched in among you~
The Socialist Party is a working man's and a- working woman's party; Grafters have no u.se for it. Bunco men steer clear of it. Its platform does not contam
a splinter of comfort for any of them. It is on the level and on the square. It
will not break down and it will not blow up.
J f we had a Socialist Congress today, this country would enter upon such an ·
era of prosperity as the world never saw. As a mhtter of fact, the world has
never seen much prosperity, except for a few. The rest of the people are always
close to the hunger line.
·
SEPTEMBER MIDNIGHT
would have be<.'n assured for 100 years, probably forever.
But th e Kaiser and his government are only the
By SARAH TEASDALE
executive committe<.' of the ·ruling class, the capitalists, and such a dream of peace and progress was not to
be realiz<.'d. RuRsia has not won a great war in 100
YRIC night of the lingerin g Indian Summer,
vears. She was the first white nation to be ignominiShadowy fields that . are scentless but full of
~usly defeatl'd by a handful of ..the yellow race-litsinging,
tle Japan. Shl' has just passed through a violent in- Never a bird, but the passionless chant of insects,
ternal revolution whose fires are merely smouldering
Ceaseless, insist&nt.
r·endy to hurst out again into a conflagration. It behooved t hl' Cza r to precipitate a foreign war to avert The grasshopper's horn, and far off, high in the maples,
an uph cav~d at home, and he seized the' opportunity The wheel of a locust leisurely grinding the silence
to back Servia, \\•hen menacecl hy Austria and declared
Under a moon waning and worn, broken,
war. It fitted well the plans of the Kaiser to engage
Tired with summer.
the foyes of rl'form in the slaughter of their brothers
in France and the war i's on·
Let me remember you, voices of little insects,
Let us hope that out of t his horrible carnage will
1
Weeds in the moonlight, fields that are tangled with
emerge a Enropl' without a King, a Czar or a War
asters,
Lord or a Maill'd li'ist; that every vestige of autocracy
Let
me
remember, soon will the winter be on us,
and militarism will disappear and every scion of kingly .
Snow
hushed and heavy. '
rule be driven -i~to exile; that ever~ sword shall be
turned into a plowshare and ev~ry spear into ~ prunOver my soul murmur your p:r.ute benediction,
i~g hook:
That the war drums shall tfirob no more and the battle- .,While I gaze, Oh fields that rest after harvest,
As those who part look long in the eyes they lean to,
flags be furled,
Lest they forget them.
In th e Parliament of man, the Federation of the World.
L
�The Western Comrade
Impressions of Llano q
~================By
WAS awakened. early Sunday J!lOrning
in Palmdale. 1 was on my way to Llano
DC'l Rio, which is twenty _miles~ east of
Palmdale, and was to have ·been met at
the train but a misunderstanding left
m e ~tran~rd in the littl e city fo~ the
night. However,· a t-elephone message
to the colony headquarters speedily
brought an auto, and I was whisl<ed. over there in less
than an hour·
Llano Drl H.io Colony is situated on a plain gently
sloping to northward and westward. 'Its smooth
surface is dotted "·ith sng•!brush, greascwood, yuccas,
etc. With the cxcrpt ion of these and an occasional
ranch houc;e, with or without its clump of trees, ac~
cording to thr 1imc it lws been occupied, the eye
swN·ps thr unnhstruPI<·d plain fot· many miles. The
outsi<Jrting scrnrry is onr of splendor.
Mountain
tops meet the sky m eve ry direction, Two hundred
miles to the north li e · th e 'l'r hachipis, their crests
scarcely discernible from th e fi ce.;y coluds ·floating
over. l\Tidway in t ht> va llt•y arc the "mystic'! buttes,
a long lin e of l,ow-lying sentinels, cast up by nature
when the earth was young. 'I'hcy are like a line of
huge battl eships menacing intntsion. Though massive rock, they at.·e sheath ed in halo, their conto nr is
graceful, their coloring divine . . "''l'is distance lends
enchantment,'' ncvrr was truer word sa.id thai::t of
these, when in ca,rly morn shafts of light bathe them
in glor·y, one by one, or in the ''waning hours," when
they change from soft purple to pale gold with the
shifting of th eir· p9sition to the sun· From out of
the "mists" into the "mists," mute and immvtable,
there they lie, a column of si lent grandeur under the ·
star-lit sky, a thing of et ernal beauty under the "or·b
of day."
To 'fully appreciate Llano Del :R.ioJ. you must have
vision. You must see with the mental as well as the
physical eye. You must be able to look into the future
at1d see that which docs not exist to~ay . The scenic
beauty, the fine, dry, invigorating air, the blue sky
above and the bounteous earth below, will !end
wings to your imagination. You l)lust he able to see
the day,. and not a very distant day, when a happy,
contented people, surrounded by every comfort a.n d
many luxur_ies, wil1 cluster in and around a civic center where there will be schools, library, theatre, moving pictures, pool,' billiards, ball grounds, golf links,
etc., etc.
Plans· for these things and many more are being
worl<cd ont, and thC'ir co ncrete realization, in a comparatively ·near·,futnre, seems certain. One -section of
a hotel, whi ch will ac<:ommodate a hundred people,
This will be temhas just bern complet ed.
ponu·y hPadqual'ters. It will consist of sleeping-·
rooms and~tpanm.:nts, a large dining-room and
l<itchen, a storeroom allCl tlw <:Ompany 's office· It is
Hunter's Camp at Jackson's Lake. About a Dozen
Deer Were Brought Out by the Colonists During
the Season
elaimC'd that th is is the 011ly hnildin g that will be made
of wood , as all the rH\1' materials for making cement,
br ick and ston e houses are on the land, an will be
eonvr rted into the finished product by .the workers
themselves ..
This is a constructive, co-operative corporation
in which thr individmll members form a working unit.
-~ingly they co ulrl do little, collectively they can accomplish wonders. 1t is inspiring t o see these earnest,
determined men and women go about the task of con-'
J
�The Western Comrade
26
lel Rio Co-operative ColonY
es R.
Nickum=========~
Orchard
Scene
llano
Colonists
verting this so-called desert into what must soon becor.:~e a veritable Gv.rden of Eden. These people are
pioneering, they are building an empire, a kingdom
in which each will be :1 king or a queen as the case
may be.
The grec>n tr<:>es, shade, omamental and fruit, the
luxuriant fields of alf"alfa and the rank gt·owth of all
vrgetation upon the raneh~s where water now flows
:tttcst, wit 1~ unmistal<::tblcness, the fertility of the soil.
As to the water, I haven't the technical knowledge
to me:-\snre, or evr.n guess its f)Uantity, or the numbct·
of acres that m&.y be brougl:t under its influence, but
I am informed, by wimt 1 ronsidcr absolutely reliable
authority, that from the water rigJ1ts now owned by
the company suffkirnt water may be c_onserved to irrigate many thousands of acres, and that enough may
be stored to tide over two or three years of drought,
should one possibly occur.
,
Llano Del Rio Colony was an inspiration. It was
conceived .in the brain of Job _Harriman. It was born
of him, and by him jJ- is being fostered. His is theo
master mind, his, the- directing band.
Not so very long ago Harriman visited this part of
Antelope Valley,)or the first time, at the solicitation
of one who is now a member of the colony· He traversed the country for many miles around. He co~
pared its soil with that of the thousand-dollar-an-acre
pear orchards at Little Hoek, ten miles away, and found
it the same. He talked with the scattered ranchers,
and heard their plaint of· isolated effort. Then he
visited its water sources high up in the mountains. He
saw theit· volume, their waste and their -possibilities,
and he dt' Ntmed a dream. But, dreams alone are fieetil]g
pleasures, and had he stepped there this story woUld
not have been written.
Job I-Ianiman has given the best years of his life
to a c<>.u~e other Ht<tn -whir;h there is none greater. 'l'o
better the condition of the po~r, the oppressed, the
down-trodden, he has ever striven. He has seen conditions as thay exist, and their cause with a clearer
v1sion than most men.
·
Out of the world 's unrest at the ever encroaching
greed: of ca.pitalism, many co-operative plans have been
devised and put into operation to obtain relief, but
with largely indifferent success.- Harriman familiarized himself with all these plans. He pondered over
�The Western Comrade
26
them, he analyzed them and noted their elements of that accruing to all members. Neither Harriman, Snell
failur~.
With these milestones of failure as beacon or .McCorkle owns or ean own more shares of .:itock
lights to guide him from the shoals encountered by • than can be owned by any other member of the colony.
those who had gone before, a plan formed in his mind Each member may own 2000 shares at a par value of
which gradually unfolded and grew to maturity. It $1.00, but he can own no more.
It is not within the nature of things that there
was the realization of this plan of which he dreamed
should
be ahsolutely "clear ~ailing" at Llano in the
when he stood on the mountain heights and viewed
beginning.
At tit:st there will he little jealousies, l~t
the broad acres spread out below· Being a man, quick
tlc
apamositi~s,
little bicl\erings, little jockeyings for
to act, when convinced of the logic of his course, he
immediately set about it to make his dream come
true, and he certain ly has cause for gratification at
the rapidity with which the er~twhile plain is being iQhabit ecl nnd br·ought under subjugation.
The end of each week finds Harriman on the :ground,
in khaki and elk-skins. A stranger_ would :riot pick
him out as one of tlte big lawyers· from the city. He
would pass rr~dily for one of the "boys" ~vh?, J>.J: their
swrat arc dnmg the actual -work of bmldmg Llano.
But, here, as elsewhrre, that he may be found, he is a
hns.v mnn. Evrry detail of the work is scrutinized. He
counsels with all, and listens to, and makes suggestions. Ife docsn 't say : 'g-o," he says "come" and that
is the spirit that prcYails at Llano.
How dear to Harriman's heart is this enterprise,
and how much it means to him may be summed up
briefly in thr words of a member of the colony: "Its
success or failure means life or death to his hopes.''
Before having seen this location, Harriman, togetlwr with A. F. Snell and G. p . McCorkle, both of
W. A. Engle, Ranch Foreman at Llar\o del Rio
Sunday at the Goodwin Ranch, Llano del Rio Colony
.
.><:..-
... .
whom are bankers, had tra velcd over much of the
state, and looh'd o,·er many different sites for a colony.
One, a 20,000-IH'l'<' tract, wns considered as being favoJ:able, and a drnl fo r· i t. was seriously contempl ated.
However, Llano D1' l Rio was seen to have .many advantages not pos~cssed by a11y of the others, hence its
selection. The first monr,y pnt up to secure concessions of land and water was fumis hed by these three
men, and this without hope of individual profit, except
favored place, and this would not be strange-in fact
it is to be expected-for each of these workers is fresh
from the grinds oJ capitalism, where, in order to live,
-every man's hand is against every other man's hand.
Each, in spite of his philosophy, has been forced
throughout his life, by the iniquitous competitive systrm, to take every advantage of rvery one with whpm
hr came m contact. . His life, his every act, his ver-y
being has be en modeled and shaped by th e conditions.
under which he h:u:; liwd. Tie may have looked intothe future, and, in Ids mind 's eye, seen the Co-operative Commonwealth spread ont before him. He nu1y.
have look~d into this land of fraternity, of bounty, of
plenty, where not a single human .being in all the
earth went hungry, and longed for the day when he
cou ld enter therein, hut this so far has been only a
phantasy, and not a reality. He still is in capitalism.
He thinks in the terms of capitalism, and works in the
ways of capital ism.
H e crosses the line. He enters this co-operative·
�The Western Comrade
27
colony, which, by the way, while not the Co-operative
Commonwealth, is a mighty long step in that direcThe Colony
Is a Paradise for
tion, Yesterday he worked· competitively. Today he
the Children
works co-operatively· Does the mere crossing of this
boundary line_ enable him to completely change his
mental attitude
Can he, in a day, throw off the
habits acquired in a lifetime under capitalistic environs T He certainly cannot. He, of course, upon en, tering this new atmosphere, feels a great change. His
spirits lighten, apd his heart__swells with emotion. His
resolves are higher, his determination firm, yet, he
will haYe a struggle to keep, inviolate these exalted
resolutions. H e will find it difficult to accept assignments to work that is not just suited to his inclinations.
Little
Charlotte Earle and
The food set hefore him may not all be exactly to his
Her Pets
taste, yet, I must say, after having partaken of it, that
it is very good, very wholesome, and far above that
which is spread out on the average working man's the fact, that he owns an equal interest with all other 1
table. There may be, and very probably will be, many workers in this rich empire he is helping to .b uild, its.
little things about which he feels, when he forgets green fiel<is, its orchards, its water, its machinery, its
himself, that he has a "kick" coming. But this is live stock and the beautiful white city that will arise,
only his transitory stage from competition to co-opera- peace and contentment aJ;ld joy will occupy his soul.
tion, ancl even here, by girding himse"lf, he will be able . He will be ready to work where his work will . count
to keep his resolves, in the main, and a.s the days pass, for most. He will co-operate indeed and in truth with
the necessary effort to do so will become less and less. all his comrades. He will stretr.h out his hand and
.\nd when he comes to fully realize, and appreciate ''lift up,'' not ''press down.''
THE _R EAL BATTLEFIELD
By GEORGE R' "LUNN
T
HERE is before me a picture which reveals better than words the unspeakable horrors of human
butchery. ·
It is a picture of the real battlefield.
I see a home where starvation is ruling with ghastly
iron hand.
The cupboard in the poverty str~cken home is not
burdened with even a crust of bread.
On the kitchen table lays the baby of the household
sleeping the sleep from which there is no earthly awak€ning, a tiny victim of starvation.
Kneeling with her head buried in her hands which
rest on the table is the grief-stricken mother.
To her right a little girl of about eight years attempting to rise but too famished to walk.
· Behind, holding on to his m~ther 's dress, is a boy
of five years, thin, emaciated and so pitiful, looking
frightfully toward the door.
This is a picture of the real ravages of war.
__
Always in the foodless, fatherless home the battle
<>f life and death is fought to the bitter end.
It is a battle without hope for no star illumines the
shadow of that struggle.
No bands are playing, no drums are beating, no
trumpets are sounding on this battlefield.
The father ifl, gone, sent, he knows not why, to be
murdered.
The helpless mother and fatherless children are left
behind; left to fight hopelessly against starvation and
death.
I
Here is where we see the real war, war in all its
hideous nakedness.
Not on the plain or sea where the thousands are
nerved to action ~Y the brutal excitement of death 's
carnage, but in the homes where slow starvation grips
the innocent children and where the pitiful sight of
the dead babe brings collapse of courage to the
wretched mother, is the real battlefield.
Has your subscription to the WESTERN COMRADE EXPIRED ? Renew it now , and get a few
neighbors to subscribe.
�The Western Comrade
28
THE DESERT
By
ALBERTA . LESLIE
T
HE Desert slept,
·
Breathless, 'Neath noonday's ~olten heat
Naught living stirred, on wings or feet,
'Till evening bre ezes, ~oo l and sweet,·
0 'er her broad bosom swept.
E'en so the desert hides,
'Neath twilight 's veil, her cruel face:
The burning stars reveal no trace
Of Death in that mysterious place
Where Death abides.
Upon her breast
..Lie whitening bones by dust concealed
Which, in the noon-day's sun. revealed,
Show even man-proud man-must yield
His life at her behest.
Then fades the day.
Life stirs anew, the Desert wakes;
A rabbit's scream the silence breaks
As Death, swift-footed, ov ertak es
The gaunt coyote's prey.
Stirs Life-Death stirs also.
And from his hidd en earthy bed
The rattler rears his loathsome head,
Waiting some creature's careless tread
To lay it low.
But this shall pass.
Some day, from hidden founts unsealed,
'Tis Life, not Death, that she shall yield
In ~owing stream and blooming fieldAnd gx:eening grass.
A bat flits by.
And now the new moon's silver rim
Dips near the far horizon dim,
And yucca branches sharply limn
Fantastic shapes against the sky.
Bide yet awhil e,
And on this water famished land,
'Vhich now bears cac tus, sage and sand,
The stacks of go ld en grain shall standAnd hom es shall sm il e.
Veiled by the ·d ying light,
I
Through gathering dusk, now palely gleams
(Like lov ely unreal shapes in dreams)
The cruel chollas shape which seems
A thing of beauty soft and white.
A little whil e and I
Shall sec the Ol'chard trees take root;
Th e t end er leaves and branches shoot
And j e\\·el tints of rip ening fruit
Shall with the sunsets v1 c.
.
And when :t've seen
The Desert's power to hurt all spentGod's blessing on the Desert sent,
I, too, shall pass in deep content
With things that once have been .
..
Llano del Rio Colony, October, 1914.
�The Western Comrade
29 .
Major Jarero, Who Went For Zapata
By EMANUEL JULIUS
~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1!\.P A'l'A-the
Z~
Robin Hood of l\Iexico's
a myth. Terrible Z (the last letter in
southwest-is more than a man; he is
the ~IC'xiean revolutionary alphabet) is·
~ :::~, t~:t:J~~~a::~; ;:p~t: !a~~e ~:::
~ breath.
Praying peons often · mumble
Zapata 's name when they mean to use
th e nam e of Christ.
Zapata and J esus-1·ebels, both of them. True
th C'_v tlitfrr in somP- respects. However, the rough Zapata, like the gentle Jesus, fights for the landless,
penniless, r:' gged seum of the earth. Jesus turned
the othe1· c:!JPek. Zapata . ne\'er cioes that. Jesus was
crucifird. 7-apata is hetteJ' equipped, having splendid
rifles and quick-firing guns; so, there is little likelihood of hi<; being "dismantled:" The difference between ,JP-sus and Zapata as fighters for the poor 1s one
of efficiency.
Jesus had his Pontius Pilate. Zapata had his
l\fajor Pablo Zayas ,Jarero, erstwhile leader of 4000
Huertistas in " the gre!'n valleys of l\forelos," not
many miles southwrst of l\lexico City. And this brings
us to the sto1·y. Zapata is still in l\Iorclos-a rich,
beautiful counhy. l\Tajor .Jarero isn't. That's au important differrn cr. Z is nn "in"; 1\iajor ,Jarero is an
"out", a hop elrss "out ". 'l'he Major is in New
York, ·which is a compliment for the leader of the
peons of l\[orelos.
As a major in the federal a1·my, J arero had the
unpleasant and difficul.t tasks of annihilating the rebel
army of the southm'st anrl send.ing Zapata to kingdom eon:e. Don Pablo Zayas Jarcro began four years
ago; he quit recently. Zapata and his army are still
cioing business at the same old stand.
In the restaurants of the Whitehall Building, Battery Park, I met the major ·and heard his story. At
the table were Mr. Carlo .de Fornaro, noted caricaturist, author of "Diaz, Czar of Mexico," and Manuel
Esteva, New York Consul during Huerta's regime.
"About 2000 Zapatistas 'Jet·e always carrying on
a guerrila warfare ag-ainst my men," said Major Jarrro. ''Zapata's regular army had about 2000, but he
had a fighting force of · at lrast 40,000 men, wpmen
and children (children fight for Zapata) who had
and still have guns anrl ammunition and were ready
to fight at a moment's notice. They tilled the soil
most of the time, but never hesitated to leave their
plows and grab their ~uns whenever they. saw an
opportunity to pick off a few of my men."
Asked how it happened that he permitted the peons
to carry on surh warfare, the major shrugged his
shouldet·s and said:
"What conlrl J rlo? Zapata owns the country down
there. Every man I talked with would deny h~ was
:t Zapati<:ta. It was hard to prove they weren't, since
their guns were J1idden. They did not fight habitually.
"'J'hey are jnst humble peons when they work on
their Janel their leader steals for them but as Loon
ns they tal'e their guns they become brav~ fighters who
fear nothing.
",.hey would work quietly when they saw ·a comp::my of my men march by, but they would count my
men-I couldn't stop them-and when my men were
gone, they would quickly organize a force twice the
size of my party, which may haYe had only 50 men.
Zapatistas would follow, set a t-i'Rp and exterminate
them. Then they woulcl hurry back to their land, hide
their guns and go to work. What could I do 1 Sometimes I wouldn't hear of my loss for weeks. It was
awfully exasperating!"
The major frankly admitted that it was impossible to dowri Zapata's followers. Of course, the only
nction (from the major's viewpoint) - to execute the
thonsanrls of peons in Zapata's country-is impossible.
"Zapata is their god," Major Jarero continued.
" 'l'hC' people wo1·ship him. He is a Socialist who knows
little of the theory or philosopl1y of Socialism, but who
instinetivGiy• understands its spirit. Zapata's secretary, a school teacher, is an intelligent man of pronounced Socialist views, who is the brains behind Zapata's bra very.''
Zapata, according to the major, has an efah orate
method of taking toll from the rich sugar plantation1sts. As it takes considerable capital and expensive mnchinery to raise sugar, Zapata, probably unready to confiscate the lands, allows the rich to hire
Zapatistas, provided sufficient sums are first paid to
his agents .. Failure to pay results in destruction of
the crop and machinery. 'I'his money is used to purchase guns and ammunition for the peons, the major
said.
"Zapata," said the major, "is a strange leader, almost a myth. He goes from village' to village, neverJ'emaining longer than a night. When I was after him,
J founrl it impossible to trace him, because the peons
�30
The Western Comrade
everywhere gave my men wrong directions, often send- I tell yon, Zapata is a funny sort of man.!'
Zapata is hopeless, said the major. He cannot be
ing them into traps.''
eliminated.
The major then told of an incident that showed
Former Consul Estcva interjected with this:
the sort of dare-devil Zapata is.
"I
believe the government should let Zapata have
"I was looking for Zapata near the village of Jothe
country
unmolested. The more be is fought, the
. jutia, in Morelos, and at last decided to give him up
stronger be becomes. If he becomes governor, he will
as a hopeless case. He looks like an ordmary Mexican,
become conservative before long.''
and Mexicans, in the main, look alike. At a litt.le
"But Zapata · scoffs at the idea of becoming govhotel, a man approached me with the time of day. He
ernor of Morelos,'' said Fornaro.
told me he wished I would find Zapata, the bandit. I
Said the major: "Every man suspected of being a
soon became attracted to him and invited him to eat Zapatista should be sent to distant states."
with me. He impressed me as a simple-mannered man,
"Why not let the peons have what they want?"
quiet and sympathetic. We slept in the same ~ed that asked Fornaro. "They want land to work on."
night. Next morning we p'a rted. .J\n hour -iater we
'' Oh;'' exclaimed the major ; ''that can't be done.
learned that a score of my men were being attacked, 'rhey are .too poor to pay for the land. They haven't
so I hurried to th~ir aio. We finally succeeded in sav- the capital."
ing some of them, and in doing so, we took a prisoner.
"Why speak of capital?" Fornaro asked. I "The
Of cout·sc, the usual thing is summary execution, which peons are giving capital no thought. They have rifleswe decided upon. 'l'hc peon said he would tell me th~t is better than capital. l1et the peons work on the
something of great interest if I should order his free- land and they will let their rifles grow rusty from
dom. 'Tell me what you kno:w; I'll decide afterward,' · disuse."
I told him. He answered that I had slept with Zapata!
But the major· didn't seem to understand.
I
THAT ROTTING BRAIN
AM an admirer ;..of virility and stt·cngth. To me
powPr and hranty and life arc synonomous. "With
this in minrJ I attended the first day's session of
the Jnd usir·ial He lations Commission in Los Angeles.
I want.<!d {o sec strong men. I hoped e·ven to see a
worthy foeman in Harrison Gray Otis. My disappointmeut is bitter.
· ·\Vhat I saw there when the "tyrant" ga vc his testimony filled me with chagrin, humiliation and nearly
pity.
Instead of virility and intellect I saw a fat, flabby
dotard sans mind; sans body, sans everything.
He sat on the stand, a ddll lackluster glare in his
almost invisible eyes. His fading intellect scarcely
grasped the questions that were asked him.
When he delivered himself of a particularly venomous utterance he chuckled tootblessly, then fell into
silence like an owl molested in its darkened roost.
Otis spoke, in muffled tones, through nis dirty, repulsive moustache and ''goatee.'' His words and actions bct1·ayed senility and bespoke early decay.
Governor Johnson sa-id Otis has "a rotting brain
and a gangrened heart.'' As we looked at him on the
stand these words came back again and again.
A member of Organized Labor said:
_..
"And we arc up against that sort of thing
If
we had but to outwit that, and failed, I would go down
and jump off the dock."-G. E. B-
LOVE WITHOUT WINGS
C
lUNA, like Dick Swiveller, has to sit up and inquire of the old min is friendly. Japan notifies
China "to _remove all civil and military officers and all
soldiery from the 'rsing-Tao and the Tsinan districts
and to abandon the railway there. The order, couched
ih terms of polite request, naively adds the statement
that any opposition will be considered an "unfriendly
act. ' '
How sweet is friendship !
•
HE WAS WILLING
A
CCORDING to the advance announcements in
Chicago newspapers, with the God whling clause,
Voliva has delivered his important address entitled
''The End of the World : or When Christ Appoints the
Mayor for the City of Chicago.''
Later ·on God was willing again and Voliva utterly
spifflicated a trinity of infidel theories by swatting
''modern astronomy'' (was the ancient astronomy better?); knocking the pe wadding out of evolution and
taking a pot shot at that delightfully nebulous thing
"higher criticism.'·
Chicago must be grateful that Jehovah is so 'villing
and so obliging these days.-E d '0.
�The Western Comrade
31
TAHITI'S CRABS AND CATS
By FREDERICK O'BRIEN
F.il===~ N
Tahiti, the most joyous isle in all the the tree about 40 feet. and encircles it with dirt and
seas, 4000 miles south of here, two leaves. The robber descending, with thoughts of
things struck me as being very funny. gouging out the soft, delicious meat of the nut and
Cats are fine fishers, and crab<; climb eating it in comfort in his little parlor by the beach.
trees. The crabs dote on cocoanuts.
Th ey climb the palm trees after the
nuts, and they cause considerable loss
to the owners hy their thi every. They
ar1! ealled robber rrahs, because of their wichd habits.
Of course they m·e really water residents, like other
1· rah s, but th ey have become so enamored of a cocoanut di et that they ha~'e suited their natures to their
appet ites to a large degree, and often remain entirely
awny from the water·, except in the love-making season.
Thry have a huge claw that is very strong, and
'rh (·n the fan cy for· a nut overcomes them they climb
the tree in search of it. A full-grown, healthy coco·a
palm is from 60 to 100 feet high, and the nuts are
Making Copra
lll':::rly at the tiptop. 'l'hc crab disengages the nut
from its stem, and lets it drop to the ground. If his
:-;tomach urges him, he will sever two. The nut or strikes the garland and in his fool crab brain thinks
nuts grounded, the robber comes down leisurely, in · he has already reached the ground: He lets go, and
his hackwarrl way, to enjoy his dinner, just as a is hurled to ~he earth, where the mad Tahitian has
eapitalist goes to his club to dine and wine after he spread rocks for his landing. The wretched crab
has shal\cn the ·nuts off the labor tree.
smashes to death on the stones beside the nut he has
Th e 'l'ahitian hates th e robb er crab, and sometimes designed to eat.
This is "nuts" for the native, not the crab. In
fak es the trouble to punish him for his abstraction.
fact,
the native has crabbed the robber's game.
When the crab is away up by the green leav es, sawBut about the cats that fish. Dr. Williams, the
lllg' off a few pounds of g rnh , the native climbs up
Water
Fete
at
Tahiti
·.
�32
The Western Comrade
Tahitians Are Wonderfully Natural and Graceful Dancers
American Yicc-(·onsul at Tahiti , owns nn i§land, Tctuaroa, a few miles from 'l'ahiti, and has plnntrd 90,000
cocoanut trees on it. He was mueh troubled hy 1·at~.
who ate the young shoots of the trees nml JH'CYentPd
the nuts from reaching their growth. A c·ocoannt tt·c• e
should hear fyom GO to 100 nuts a yrnr·, \\'Ortlt a C'f'llt
and a half or two ecnts
each. De. ·williams haited
\
tn1ps and set out Rough-on-Hats to stop his lossrs.
hut to little purpose. 'J'hP rats lrar·nNl to know that
traps wer·r inhospita l1l e, a ntl t hnt poison clisagr·ercl
with thrit· health·
One day somc•o rw sug~est('cl c·ats. Of eom·se, it
was an old maid. Who <'IS<'? She said that in Califomia cats were the df'\'il on gopher·s, and that they
should do dcatll.v wor·k on 'l'etuaroa. The doctor
bought cats. \VIrile he was about-it he _l1ought enough.
Cats were swarming in cer·tain districts of Tahiti,
and when he offered a frane a. piece , two whole dimes,
every Tahitian ],id brought a c·at or two. When he
had a thousand he eri(•cl '·Seat!'' to tlfe next boy, put
them on a schooner and shipped them to Tetuaroa.
Rat meat was eat meat for months. The cats
~hased the rats up trers and into caves. Never was
Slll'h a <·at-and-rat tinw. But thr day l'Hme when the .
la~t rat, the· tiniest mousr , had )H't·ishrtl hy the dreadful ("fl tclel_vsm t h:t1 h ~1 d 0\'l'l'(a k<•ll t hei ,. race.
Tehraron i~ an :doll· It i~ a <-O!'al islet, and the
soil is <·or·al dust· It hac; no population except the
.
ft•\r Ita tins sPnt 1h<•t'<• h.v Comnd \Yill iams to plant
and 1-!Htlt<'t' <·oro:wuts. '.i' lwr·r is no ploughing nor·
l'Ultintting, fot· roeoannts ~r·ow without man's aid.
Till' natives liYe on fi~h they c·a1l'h, nud on taro and
i'<'is srnt fr·om Tnh it i. Bnt th.ey could ~ot catch enough
fisl.Lj.Q,r a thousand eats. and hc•sidrs with the rats
gone, why suppor·t in idlrnr~s thrse m eowing myl'iad~ ?
\\'or·sr titan that! This rattling home for rats
lwd .not hern a 'L'omlpss Eden. The cats had multi plil'd. Natur·p ltad takPn its arit.ltmetical course. It
lookf'd YPry hlack for the feline families.
l3ut right here, atavism. heredity, survival of the
fitt('st-whntrver you may call it-intrrvened. Time
was whrn eats or their ancestors gained their living
hy fishing, as other felines do today. Instead of perishing for lack of rats, some wise old eat, courageously
overeoming his fear of water, went to fishing.
Roon hundrrds of cats spent their many hours a
.
�The We st e rn Com r ade
day in snaring the many kinds of crustaceans and
scaled fish that crowd those warm and exquisite
waters.
It is a sight t o see th em! A huge Tabitha crouched
upon a coral rock, .h er ey es intent upon the lapping
tide, her paw t ense for th e strike ! She watches the
gold and green, the purple-striped, the pale pink and
sca rl et fis h pl ay hi dr and see k in th e hol es of th e coral.
Let on e rise within her r each, and slap goes her
33
elaws ! " Mew! " say the little kittens playing on shore,
as mam& cat, leaping from rock to rock, brings the
food to them· It is a revelation in the adaptability of
th e living to th e necessities of environment.
Th e rats are gone, th e robber crabs have scuttled
back to th eir natural habitat, fearful of the cats, and
these ha ve ta], en up th e t rade <U P et er ·Bar-Jonah.
Life i ~ seren e on 'J'etuar oa. Of course, it's hell on
th e fish .
FOR . KING AND COUNTRY
T
IlE \l·o rhr bo\l·pd ov er his t ask. Bla zin g in the said th e courier. And t he workers shouted a loud,
h N l\' (' IIS th e su n· sent down scorchin g r ays mer cidrownin g th e wails of th e women and followed after
lessly hal; ing th e f>a rth and t he toil er of th e fi eld . At t he trump ets and th e fla gs.
t he p oi n t nen r·esl th e hi ghway th e wear y on e raised hi s
As t he work ers mar ched th ey d t·ew lfllYriad others
!':' eS HIH.J sa \\' a st range!' lookin g steadfastl y at him. to them. Th en th e masic e~ ase d an d they heard
Ft>a r g riprwd th e work Pr 's heart an d choked hi m int o g roans. Noises lik e th e .r ending of th e heavens smote
silcnl·e th ough Jw tried to sp ea k.
t heir ea rs and a bl ack pall arose and blotted out the
' ' You rl o wd l. '' sa id t he st ran ger . '' Prep a re th e sky. 'l' he way g rew slippery and many fell. Th en
g rniu , I sha ll n eed thi ~ ha rv est . Then I shall sen'd fo r th ey lm ew th ey wer e wading throu gh bloqd and fragyo u," and he pull ed a black cloak about ·his fies hlcss ments of fl esh and human entra ils. Some sought to turn
•!J ra d a ml d isappea r ed int o t he f orest.
back , but wer e stricl, en and crush ed down.
On t hro ug h th e fo r est the str an ge r strode com'l' hcy mat·ch ed st eadily forward number ed in the
mendin g th e IY Od ;e rs th ere. In villa ges and t owns and millions. Th ey approached an ineffable abyss, where
cit ies, throug h facto ry, mill and min e, h e saw the works all were doomed to p lun ge, and th ey saw on the brink
of men a ll(! com 1ncnd<.' d th em. Most of all was he t he fi gure of the stran ger ,· t he bl ack cloak drawn about
pl eased with th e toil of armor ers and gun-makers. All his hollow skull. Besid e him stood the courier Whose
he summon ed to he in wa itin g but all shrank f rom him garments were r eddened and splashed with blood and
eryiti g " No! :Ko ! j'{o! W e will r emain at our task! " th e banners and music wer e gone.
And th e stnw ge1· chu ckl ed mirthlessly and drew his
'rh e stranger spok e to th e couri er and said : "You
cloa k about t he ca H m ou s eyes and said: " l\fy mes- have don e well. Th e crop is good!" Then the doomed
senger will com e. B e r eady! ''
workers on th e brink knew t he two wer e DEATH and
Th e toilers forgot. th ci r r csolYe to a void all strange W AR.-G . E . B.
messengers and clin g to th eir tasks. Th e sun shon e
•
and th.c birds came and the toil ers sang in their fields.
T hen came a courier in ri ch panoply. H e was accompani ed by bann ers ' and a fan fare preccedcd him.
By EDG C UMB PINCHON
Trump ets sound ed and tla gs wav ed aloft. Th e toilers
I
Th e loath some li ght. is here-Another day!
arose in th e fi elds and heard th e s houts:
Th e monste r whose da ily food am I is yelling for me !
" Dul ce est pro p atri mori! "
Nervou sly I ri se and run, yea- run, lest He become iin" G'ott und Vaterland! "
pftti cnt- angry, a nd r efus e to gulp me.
' 'Viva Ia R cpu bliqu e !''
I hast Pn, gibbering with cold and dread, p r ostrate my" God Sav p tli e> Kin g !"
self before H im, His 't entacles are around me- l
" Hurrah for th e Old Fla g! "
clutch th em eagerly. I am engulfed!
.
Th e toilers left th e fields and for est and mllls and
My
sin
ew,
bon
e,
my
n
erv
es,
my
heart,
my
blood,
my
mines and followed th e couri er shouting th e c1·i cs.
brain-my
Soul-are
His-'l'he
hours
writhe
by:
thon gh their wnml!n wept and clung to th eir m en they
wer e flung off and from the earth cr ied out to the With brutish uu con ccrn h e cmn ches me between ·h is
steel-clad jaws, rolls me beneath his iron tongue,
courier:
,.
su cks up my life-my Self!
"Who are you ? Why do you take our loved ones
And spews me forth at eve-a Thing-to gather as I
away?"
ffiay fresh blood for morrow's feast.
"I am patriotism and I follow the p ath of glory!" •
..
T HE FACT ORY HAND
�The Western Comrade
The Glory. That
By
r.~=~!!!!!!!~~
n
o. · g
SYDL"~EY
r·an count the books that have
,written about Rome. Historians,
rwar·-historians and professors of almost
::;;'!
f' \'f!rything on earth and in the heavens
Ita \'!! hr.cl to jolly us along a little about
sorn 1~thiug to do with Rome.
Generations of schoolboys have been ~stall-fed
and force-fed on Rome until they knew
more• about H.omc than they do about home. ~
And all these nf!ar-historians amL others have tort IH't•t! th e lanf!uagf.' to find eulogiums and encomiums
sllit a f,),. to portr·ay what they called the glory of Rome.
'fONt of' tflll S''!IOOJ and college histories are ablaze with
it. Boys think that Rome was a fountain of sl\lendor,
the hC'itllwat(!rS of human aehievement, the daY'spring
of the watl!rs of life.
And so, fr·orn the point of view of the tribunes,
JH'IH•tors, patricians and aristocracy in general, it may
hav(! lwcn. Jt is their view which has been handed
down to us. The other classes were not in a position
to han<l down their views. 'l'hey were not permitted
to havf! any view~;. It is the view of the aristoe_ratic
(·lass, or at all events of the dominant class, which
gctR into hook form. 'rhc other is extinguished.
F'rom th e point of view of the international Roman
pr·oletnrint and the Italian peasantry, Rome was a
hi<lcotu~ly diseased octopus consisting of clutching
fingcl's eternally endeavoring to fill a bottomless belly.
Nothing satisfied her but the fairest, the youngest,
t hf.' st rongcst; nor was there ever such a thing as
sat isl'art ion. .Just as the tenderloins of New York
nnd London will seize everything beautiful and reach
and r<•ueh for fr<'sh beauty to devour, so was Rome.
She wus an international brothel. , The wide-eyed Virgin
thr onntr·y village, the young mother with babe
on hrr d<'licatc breast, the strong-armed Syrian peasnut, thP dr nmy Persian shepherd boy, the Gallic fisher
ln<l- thc, w r the prizes of Rome, and what became
or thl'HI f A!>k of the winds that blow up from the
lnwlnntl . 'a !
Tt i t b charged against them that the textbooks
in the ,chool nnd uniYersities tell none of these things.
Thl'ir Yicw i that of the Roman enate not of the hill, id . g at-herder.
T thf' (']a::, iei t. one Roman poet 'Ya worth the
a rifie<' of a million virgins and a million peasant
bo~· •. and of thi wa the glory that wa Rome. .6
But to u • to the modern proletarian. the question
I.'Ome,. h w many po t were there among tho e two
million llo~ . and girL old into sla>ery'
h ••f!fl
m
or
as. Rom
HILLIARD
A poet must indeed be a mar>elou thin
the di tilled
enee, the ultimat filtration
destruction of millions of the bodie .and of tb
ul
of the best of humanity. _\ noble philo oph that th
degredation of a thou and girls can flower in a lin of
Roman verse !
Slavery. No figures can encipher it c -tt'nt in
the days of the glory of Rome.
lavery in th
nit d
States was a chautauqua picnic compared to it. outh
Carolina wa a Dorea m eting along id of a in •I'
day of the glory of Rome. On u h a ingle day in a
single market as many a a hundr d thou and lave
were sold, and twenty thou and wa no uncommon ni .
The western and southern borders of the Medit rran on
and far" inland were depopulated, and have r rnnin d
so ever since.
After the free Italian husbandman had become 'Xtinct, had gone to live in Rom e on stolen wh nt nnd
glory, and sometimes on glory without wh at, hi pln
was taken by chained tribes working und r the lash
who had been driven thither from peasant vall y
where now th e jachal began to roam, and has dono
ever since. The ruin of Italy follow.ed by the ruin of
Syria seemed to be necessary to the glory of Rome.
The punishment of slave revolt was crucifieion.
There were many slave revolts, notably in the Island
of Sicily. More than one .of these were for a time successful. Eventually th ey were overthrown and the
roads were lined with crosses on which hung tens of
thousands of bodies of beings whose crime was similar
to that of George Washington or Abraham Lincoln.
The gladiators, who fought to satiate the appetite
for blood of those who dared not fight, were ·largely
slaves. Once in a while they, too, would revolt and
attempt an escape to their native forests. But generally they were recaptured and crucified to th~ glory
of Rome. Actors were virtually slaves. They were
bound to a profession always loathesomely indecent
and generally obscene, women and men alike being
born into it or sold into it, and, once there, beil!g
obliged to go through performances of abominable lust
and degredation until death or total incapacity released them.
Before the empire was established by Julius Caesar
there were always factions in Rome, each one trying to
obtain the supreme power. But they were ruling, or
aristocratic factions. and at no time had they any conception of a free laboring class. It was always Tweedledum w rsus Tweedledee. It was as though thl!
American enate, Congress, President, Wall StreP-t
�The Western Comrade
and the landed property owners were continually in
arms, with the various governors of the states siding
now with one, now with another. When the president
\\ins he massacres every stockbroker, when the real
estate men win they slaughter the president and thou·
sands of merchants. Governors are up and down, supreme today, dead tomorrow, like Jack-in-the-Boxes.
The quarrels of stock brokers_and politicians, h_owever, would not al_o ne be of such deep significance, if
everyone else were not dragged into their wars. Their
troubles would not matter so much to tJ:;.e Amer:ican
hired man in Western Iowa, or the lumber-jack in
California. But in Rome the hired man or slave who
happened to be on the wrong side had his throat cut,
too, and the properly executed Yictory meant the
total extinction of the enemy and all his relatives,
fri ends, sP-rvants; peasants, ft·eedmen and slaves. His
country was repopulated with old soldiers_and the
favorites of the winner.
~T uch has been made of the personal vices of such
mr.n as Tiherius aml Net·o, but the condition of the·
('tnp irr was little if nt all ·effected by them. It was
the imp~rial vice of whol esale economic exploitation
that ruin ed 1\ome. Individual vice. even the vice of
!1H\'in g yours!hf worshiped as a god. iri imperial temples and having a priesthood oed icated to one, as was
th e case even with An!!ustus, will not injure a peasant.
The vice and glory of Romt' was in making the peasant pay for it.
:\1odern society escapes the- onus of finding a true
explanation for the horrors with which the glory of
Rome "·as mixrd by laying the blame upon the personal vice of individuals. Today some of our New
York 400 have personal vices but those vices are not
the cause of the hundreds of thousands of the unemployed that parade our streets. It is an economic
mistake that bron_ght the glory of Rome to dust.
Even imperial flesh and, blood came cheap when
glory began to ~ct. a little dear. From 211 A. D. to 284
A. 'D. twenty-three emperors sat in the seat of Augustus, and of these all but three were murdered by
their soldiery. Of the rrmaining three, one fell in
hattle- Decius; one di ed in prison- Valerian, and one
died of pestilcmr:e-C:Iandius. Oh, noble line of kings!
Glory must he a toothsome diet to command such
terms.
Not only ernpe1·ors, hut long before them, dictators
had met the same fate. 'Flaccus, Sertorius, · Cinna and
scores of other leaders were murdered by their own
officers. What wonld we say of the glory of America
if Winfield Sr.ott, '1'11ylor, Grant, Farragut, ·L ee, Roosevelt, Fletcher llllli Funston and hundreds of other generals had heen murdered by the colonels, majors and
privates they commanded! And yet what would you?
·35
Cinna and Octaviu fell upon citizens who had collected.
to vote, and heaped t.he liltreets with the bodi s of the
slain. ."'ulla, armed with absolute authority, backed
by overwhelming military strength, after his victories,
organized proscriptions which meant the death of all
the families of all his enemies. He murdered 40,000
people after the defeat of the ~iarians-a though McKinley and Hanna had murdered 40,000 Nebraskans
after the defeat or Bryan m '96! In the absence of
Sulla. ~farius and Cinna grabbed Rome and Marius
gratified his thirst for r evenge by a frightful slaughter of his politiea I opponents. It was as though the
peerleSJ one, now secretary of state, shoulq cut th throat of every gold democrat and gold republican
in N~w York and shovel their bodies 1nto the Hudon
•shile he annexrd their property and old their childr n
to the Chinese.
Octavius, capturing bauds of runaway slavbs, eru •ified 6000 of them 11nd sent llO,OOO back to their mnst rs.
l."nder thr S<'eond Triumvirate the horrors -of the proset·iptiow; cxc·pc~ded those of Marius and Sulla, and
while t!lt~ forulll swam with hlood, and the streets were
rnc:umhnrei! with eorpscs, the dead Julius Caesar was
rrochliml'd a god! It was as though President 'Vilson
Rhould hayonet eYery high tariff man in New England
:md ordain the puhlic worship of Grover Cleveland.
nr sn ch was the greatness and the glory of Rome!.
Under whornsoevm·. it matte.rs not-consul, emperor,
srnnt_e or hand of soldiers-it seemed as though anyone con~o govern Home, and always for its "glory."
'Phat common men should be encouraged to live· lives
of: conuno11 or.~cn<'Y, or even permitted to do so, was
unthought of iu 11 thonsand years of Roman history.
Arnonrr, so mnny prr·iods of glory there is none of
,irrt•ney.
Farming, long heforc the empire, became unprofitahlr. mli! its laborious life with scanty or no returns
was f'ont rastcd with the stirring life of the camps,
with the hooty o1· with the largesses and gay spectacles
of the t ow.ns.
Of the booty tal<cn in war rightfully ~lelonging to
1hr. Homan people, hy far the greater part was appropr·iatcd h:v the successful general and his soldiers.
Thus the wealth drawn from the -provinces by the Roman state was. trifling compared with that which inclividmtl -citizens acquired. 'l'hc provinces offered an
nnlimitc·d fi eld for money making; the nobles or quacstors, the publicans, the ncgQtiatorcs, the slave dealers,
penetraird eve1·y cornm· of the empire and beyond it
:mel, protc>cted by the legions, rivalled each other in
the exploitation of thr. provinces. While Rome ·extrnd ed l1 er lJonndarics, and while her nobles and merchants amassNl l'llOrmOUS fortunes abroad, the Italian
fa rm er sank dPeper into ruin. The burden of military
<;l'n'if'(' pn·ssrcl on him, h e had to compete with stolen
�The Western Comrade
foreign corn and with foreign slave labor purchased
or stolen by tlui~ rich.
Nearly all the various colonization schemes were
entirely abortive. The promoters, whether Senate,
Gracchi, Sulla or Rmperor, always · failed "with characteristic cowardice and stupidity to strike at the root
of the evil-exp loitation. They had to keep the favor
' of the rich, and the rich insisted on exploiting.
Every era w:ts an era of glory; none of liberty. By
tlw time Augustus !tad the empire at peace, a hundred
and fifty years of extortion, extravagance arid peculation, followed by twf'nty years of civil war," coupled
with unbridl ed brigandage hy land and p~racy by
water had pro<lucr:d complete financial <·xi~austion.
Taxes fr~ ll on the poor: taxes arrd tribnt<' on .t he poor·
of 1he pro1·ill(:Ps.
EH·n il! th e tinw of l\larr:HS Aurelius, whom our·
le<·tun·rs !;o pr:r·sist<·ntly t·ulog izc, any Roman governor
eould mak e a for·tnne irt a year·. His fortune ,\•as spent
!n hanquf'ts. fetes, rar:r.s, wines and prodigious retinues
of slaves. Dall<:r: rs, cooks and prf?Stitutes were t he
popular favor·it<·s , "·hile these S(;hohu·s, poets and
philosoph<•rs, or 1\'hOill we have since heH r·d SO IUUCir,
pined, for· the 111 0st· par·t , iu attics or· ];enrl!·ls . . l\forc
than lwlf t lw popHbt tiorr wt•rc sla \'Cs, over 60,000,000
<•f l.IH•tn, but rnan y of tiH·m '"' ' r<• hcttcr· off than millions
(If SO· (':tllf:d rl'('l'llrt•rl. 'J'JH• sir·k WCl'!' Jefl to pPt'iSh j
!' uhli c (·!rw·it y w:1s llltkltowrr and unthought or; edll<::a•ion \\'liS d e rid •·d :. :1hd n<,l hing \l·e nt but the g' lory of'
Horne. '1'\ro 11to1 rs;rnd p•:opl e o1rneJ tir e whole ei 1·i lizt>d
world, ~tnd their irt <, olnputah lc fortunes wcr·e_ spent i11
dt•moralizing it. Th<"ir p:tl;r!·t·s and ,.Jot h1•s Wt•r·e rnag-llifi<·en1: fir ·· i~· s<nils l'ottPrl t< • t!r,, r·on•.
Our l<·at'IH' d l:tlk lri~drsolrlldedly .or the ~101'.1' or
lionw in jttrispnrden1·c. It was th<! la wgivi ng of 'l'1reed
and 1\h!rp!:y. It \\';Is 11ot .only I)X JWnsi l·c to go to law.
it was l'llinott~<. 'l'fl,. B·~ nch itself ,~·ns ownNl hy thr·
.0\\'liCl'S or ?V!! I'.)'th ing elSl'.
Dungeons w er e for t hose
who r·ouldn 't kr ! <~p out: the gallows were for those who
d isappt·ovcr1.
:'.l'he glory of: Bonran art \l·as the inflaming of the
passions. Costly, il;dcccnt pi et m·ps W<'re hun g in baths
. and pn,blic ph<·1 ·s. Litrrahll'<' was Hattcr·y. There was
n evpr any r l'a l manly protPst hom litPrn.ry men against
11H· vier·s of the . oeial systPm - not ei'Cll from thosr
.philosophrrs of whom W<' h ea r· St> rnn ch. Tt was as
though all AmPrican literatlll'e ""'as ,,·r·ittt>n fort he aclnlation of thP Nt·w Yor·k 400. As to th e hid eous cruelties pra etisP1l on sla1·N> ri·ght next door to them, on
slnvus of their· own fi<'sh nnd blood , no one of the 'V'l·iters, a r ti ts, seu l))tor·~ , po<'ts, utt r rs a w01·d of protest.
•rJre whole ciYiliz<''.l world ,,·as deeciYed, fettered then
morkE>d. all the whiiP fot'I'Nf to rontrihute to thr lusts
of a single man, the Emperor or Dictator, and the gluttonous degenerates upon whom he smiled. And the
glory of these ghouls was the glory of Rome.
Outside the Roman pale were the Goths. Amid the
fores.ts of Germany were no slaYes, no catacombs;
there were no prostitutes, no tax gatherers. On the
Baltic, womnn was free, the equal of her husband. On
the Adriatic she was the universal courtesan, more than
half the wom-en had no l'rusband, and they were probably better off titan those who had. On the Baltic
was barbat·ism anJ life; on the Mediterranean was
eivilization, glor·y and a corpse.
AnyonP. ·who tried to ennmpr·at the monstrosities
o!' Rem<', rrpnhlic or pmpi r e, in an article short or
lung, won!cl hr• a foo li sh scrihP. Home's ·crime against
r!re wol'ldng elnss of all humanity can never be forg iv en her. 0nlv the satellites of a somewhl:<t similar
systc•rn can pos~i hly h e found to overlook it. T~ the I
America n lahMer the glory of Rome must always be
fl thing, nllt for lllonurncnts hut tears.' His class w.as
,·r·neified. all hnt obliterated; obliterated in many
places: to feP<l a few \rho might hav<' descended. from
. ~Iar·s for all the sympathy they had for him.
\Y;.is RomP worth \\'hile? Historians have -spoken;
lit er·atur·es haYc spoken; professors and lecturers have
spokPn; ma:vh<' th<'v know: mnyhe th<·y arc prejudiced
nnd do not. H rn\'•!V<'r that mny he. Rome wa<; Rome,
I rom the 'fwPcrl to th e Tigris, fr·om th e Guadalquiver
1o the C:1spian: whPr·evcr· she tmfrhrd it \n1s the Roman
toneh :1nd wlrr~n ,tltl' Romrin \HIS awa.'· from Home he
did <!S H01<1P did.
lt was th f' sanH~ iu Constantinople·. Hi 1·al bands
nf r·h:trioteer·s, hlurs nnd ~rt'ens. w c r·c ahl r to create
i1er·r. ns in HnntP. fnf·t ions amr>ng tlte popula ce. Justinian Hnd Thcoclor·a \\·c r·p at one time lmef' dt•ep in such
:1 furore·.
f'innll.v a l'<'hPllion broke ont there which
'nls only put do.,l·n whpn thr Pmprcss sent three thousnnd soldi<•rs to thr. Hippoch·omP an<l massacred the
moh .
Jt wns as thou~h the Nationals and .Americans in·
.\lew Yor·k w1•r·e at gnn fighting-. President ·w ilson1 sidin~ in with the Nntionals. hoth hasehall leagues -rebel
against Congrrss. FeclPral troops from Washington
dtnr'!!t' thP polo grounds \l·ith hHyonets and cover the
hl eachrrs 'rith tlrousar1ds of thP sla in. Surely even
g-lory ca n eome high!
(ilOI',v! \\'h;tt IIIUS1 Br·itain. Parthia or 1\'Iesopot;tnin h:t\'P thong-ht of Tiome ? \V.hat would l\Texico
think if th<' l 'nitf'rl :-itatc's ol' .\m eriea. were to conquer
hP!' nnd sPII ht•r· population undrr· the hammer? What
\·alnr wonhl f'anarla <;d on ~lory if w e conquered her
and drovr tlr<' fannN·s of OntHrio into the forests of
l 'ng-:wa a1 :d usPd thPir natiH fiPlcls as cattle ranges
and gmin fnr·nrs l ill Pel hy shr \'PS bought by New York
millionair·ps in ~f f'Xiro ~ ThHt must haYe been the
�The Western Comrade
value placed by the peasant on the glory that was
Ro~e.
\Vas Rome worth while! W a , or is, any empire
based on slavery, force and exploitation worth while?
Js the leisure to indulge in eYery ·ghoulish debauchery
to be preferred to the simple virtues of barbarism?
If there be but the choice between the crude, hardy
'life of forest, swamp and ·mountain, and that of Rome,
which shall we have? But _let us hope that there is
a third alternative whi h will some day break in
upon us.
In the night of May 28, 453, Constantine PalaeoJogus addressed . the Roman and Greek JlObles on the
affairs of the morrow's battle. The death bell that
37
tolled in Rome in 476 clanged out again, and Constantine s spl'ech wa the fmieral oration of the Roman
Empire. For the last time the sacrament was offeNd
in St. ofia, the night wa spent in prayer and preparation, and the following da~ saw the end of Rome.
\Yhat was Roml' 1 It was never an· achievement, it
wa an opportunity. Rome was a lo t opportunity,
and opportunity lo t in the glory what wa Rome.
The Roman proletariat saw no way out of the e
things, therefore it could never alter them. Unles
the Am rican proletariat clearly EES a way out of
its own degredation, poverty and exploitation, it too
will never alter its mode of life. Until the working .
class actually ees the Promised T1and it will never
enter it.
THROW OFF YOUR DUNCE CAP
By JOHN M.
A
MAXIM is frequently a lie.
Now and then, however, we find one that is strictly true.
The m'a xim that experi ence is a dear teacher is one
of the true ones.
What then, if we do not learn by one experience,
but must have our lesson all over again 1
The experience of the working class, which ought
to have awakened it to the situation, have been repeated again, and again, and yet again.
The great railroad strike of 1877 alone, the first
great battle in the class war in America, in which the
power of government was arrayed against the working
elass, ought to have been sufficient to d emonstrate to
the workers that they must cut loose from their exploiters and fight shoulder to shoulder for their own
emancip.,ation. It ought to have been sufficient to demonstrate to the workers that so long as the exploiters
control the political power the· exploitation will .continue, and that, in order to emancipate themselves, the
workers must conquer the political power, take the
reins of government into their hands, and strike off
their own fetters.
With this lesson in mind, what have the ·workingmen
of America been doing to profit by it during all these
years?
Why, incredible as it may seem,· throughout the
entir e time, they have by their votes kept their enemies
in power to rule over them.
If they had gone to the public school and learned
their lesson so poorly, the teacher would have made
them stand in the c<>rner with their dunce caps on.
And, what is worse, the strike of '77 is but one of a
myriad of experiences teaching the same lesson.
WORK'
We _have had Homestead, and Pullman, and Wardncr, and Hazleton, and Croton Dam, and Cripple Creek,
the great steel strike the great coal strike, the great
copper strike, and tens of thousands of minor struggles.
Every one of these thousands of strikes has drawn
the class line taut.
Every one of them· has repeated the lesson that the
working class must wrest the political power from the
hands of the capitalist class before it can hope to emancipate itself.
And yet, throughout the entire period cover·cd hy
these class sldrmishcs, the votes of the workingmen of
America have kept their enemies, the capitalists, in
power to rule over them.
Workingmen of America., it is high time for you to
throw off your du·ncc caps and act like men 'instead of
kids.
Quit voting the Republica!!, Democratic and I.ro-·
gressive tickets, and thus keeping your enemies 1in
power to rule over you.
·
Vote the Socialist ticl<et and put yourselves in
power.
Politi<'al
<·Hmpf~igns
ar·e hoth bad and good for
SQ ·ialism-they are bad when they transform good,
cfficil•nt commdes into oppor'tunis~s, traders and
trimmers.
· Campaigns arc good whrn Socialists make the most
.)f their opportunity to spread propaganda and inrrease the nud er. tanding of the working class.
�, 38
F
The Western Comrade
Interference With God
ROM the days of the wapentakes to the modern fly
copper, policemen have added to the gaiety of
the people of the world by · efforts 1rt censorship.
The latest is a censorship on prayer.
Jerry 0 'Connor of the Chicago force censored
"September .Morn" from the store windows of that
virtuous city and made the shivering but pulchritudinous wretch loved and- famous. Since that hour
nothing so funny occurred until the police of Dresden started th eir censorship over the prayers sent upward at the English Church in that city.
Picture two husky harness bulls standing beside the
dominie during services to prevent- a prayer to God to
help the British workingmen in their most laudable
efforts of disemboweling and dismembering German
workingmen on the blood-soaked fields if France.
In wireless telegraphy they have a system of "interference'' by which a po\verful station can so disturb the static waves in their course that less potent
plants are unable to transmit messages.
May not this be a ~Suggestion?
Can't the warring powers rig an aerial of interence that will prevent all prayers reaching the throne
of grace, thus permitting the best equipped murderers
to do their work undisturbed ?
This would seem all the more necessary now, that
the Turks arc praying-to an unchristian god-for
the success of one of the Christian armies.
·w hy not cut all the wires and give God a rest G. E. B.
Every Socialist should work unceasingly for the
proposed war referendum.
student of. modern economics knows of
E VERY
the universal insolvency of ' the bimks but not
everyon.e knows . that the insurance companies
are in such a precarious condition that they could
not survive a large conflagration in any American
city.
The European war has paralyzed ·stock trading.
Stock exchanges everywhere are closed. Securities
cannot be liquidated and insurance would not be
paid if demands were made on the companies.
The companies admit that a vast amount of their
security holdings is not at this moment worth much
more than the paper on which they are engraved.
When you see the warnings issued to policy ho.lders
to use ertra caution in guarding against fires you
will know the reason.
The Purpose of Socialism
S
OCIALISM stands for · a new civilization. It is a
world-wide movement of the working class and its
sympathizers for better food, better clothing, better
homes, more education and culture-in short, a more
abundant life.
Socialism starts out with two terrific propositions,
to wit:
·
( 1). All men are brothers, not merely brothers in
name, but brothers in fact, with a common blood, common interests, common cause. The welfare of one of
us is the brotherly concern of all. of us, and being
brethren, all war and strife and hatred shpuld cease.
(2). The things that men need in common should
be owned in common and supplied for the common good
and not for private profit.
With these ideas in mind the Socialists· make some
.
very co~structive proposals:
In the political field we demand the rule of the people, L e., democracy. In the economic field we·demand
the public ownership and operation of publJc utilities.
Broadly speaking, it means:
( l). That the means of production and distribution
of wealth, which are social and public in nature, should
be publicly owned. This would include all the coal,
oil and iron. lands, the rivers, forests imd other natural
resources. It :would also include all the great public
utilities, such as railroads, telegraphs, express companies, and in short, all the great trusts and monopolies.
(2). That all social utilities, being collectively
owned, shall be under democratic control for the benefit
of all who work, in order that pr<?fit-making, whereby
one person e~loits another, shall be abolished.
(3). That all who are able shall be given opportunity to labor in the collectively owned industries and
each shall receive the full profit of his toil.
( 4). That each shall have for his own priva~ property all that his labor earns of food and clothing, shelter, house and home-books, music, education, recreation and culture.
(5). '!'hat the government, municipal, state and
national, shall· be made truly democratic, . so that the
will and wish of the people may be the law of the land.
This will be accomplished by means of the initiative,
referendum, recall, proportional representalion and
other measures making for popular government.
War is the statesman's game, the priest's delight, the lawyer's jest, the hired assassin's tr!!-de.
-Shelley.
�The - western Comrade
The Field of Glory.
By Harry Payne Burton
L
A GAUCHE! La gauche!" called the old after ring of the battlefiE'ld, on toward it very heart.
There were more bodies now, and the cabbages had
French woman to me from the upstairs window of her littre pink bri.ck villa that stood been pulverized by tramping feet and blown apart by
in its prim little garden on the white ribbon road to falling shells, and the leaves, clutched in dead men's
Trilport, France, and her long, bony finger betokened hands, wer e brown with dried blood .
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
a passage over miles and miles of cabbage fields that
But
now
it
was
not
just
dead
soldiers
that
prolay flat as a griddle. _hissing in the overpowering stjn.
w~re
.claimed
the
wake
of
battle.
About
me
everywhere
"La gauche 1" (to the left Y) I questioned again, for
at the far end of these hot, sticky cabbage fields I saw broken bottles-wine bottles and whisky flasks and
canteens bent beneath artillery wheels. And here and only a heavy forest swimming in the heat.
'' Oui! Oui! ''she crie4, resorting to my monosyllable ther e, proud helmets......:.of Uhlan and drngoon ·alikecovm:ed with dust, were beaten into just tin.
French as if to make me comprehend.
l\lu kets, too, cluttered t he land, and great guns,
And so I started ''to the left-through the Woods
shot from t heir carriages, blazed in t he sunshine among
of Meaux-to Trilport-and then to Paris !''
the dead. One of them had fallen full across t\yo GerCabbages! Cabbages! Nothing but cabbages!
For half an hour I dragged my ~ay ti1rough that man soldiers, crushing their' heads -into the ground.
.. Nor had th e cavalt·ymcn 's horses escaped, Beautipalpitating, sticky, saffron-grounded field until these
countless, blu e-green heads swam dizzily before my fu l, sleek colts \\"C're dead th ere by hun clreds, and many
. of them had, in th ei t· death agonies, crusl_1erl theit· rideyes.
And then, suddenly, I saw that the dead we!'e all ers to death also.
Pieces of shells, j agged and merciless, were strewn
around me!
about
thi ckly, and , ns I approached the woods, grew in
I was face to face with the most terribiP sigh t m
number.
It was evident that th e shell fire had been diall the world-a battlefield of yesterday!
against
the forest. I kicked my way through
rected
•
• • • • • •
the
debris
and
pierced the cool, green aisles of trees,
I could not count them.
and
th~
birds
were
singing.
·
I could not, with the first shock, even differentiate
But be~owthem-French or English or German.
There, in the very trenches from which they had
For theY. were just people to ine. Clean, beautiful
human beings-menand boys-young as I or younger fired, were the German troops-they who had been just
- with most of life still to unfold before them and now cheerful, happy boys of the Valley of the Rhine, it was
marred and battered and bruised and cut into one easy to see-mowed down by sheets of raining lead. So.
thickly were they packed in, in some places, that they
reeking mass of carrion!
stood in death, for they could _not fall!
• • • • • • •
Trees .were shattered on every side-just as the
And this was only the very fringe of horror-this
men
were shattered on every side by the diabolical incabbage field!
.
struments
men have made. Flowers and ferns were
I knew that, for, farther op, I could now see that
torn
up
by
hundreds; bushes and saplings had been
the d ~ad were lying-not singly among the turquoise
out
of
their soil, and the nests of thetbirds, and
blown
cabbage heads, but in ghastly little heaps where they
the
birds
th
emselves,
were scattered all about the
had fallen in groups of two and three and four-fallen
'
ground.
perhaps, without time even to say ''good-bye'' into
•
•
•
• •
• •
<'ach others' ears. And in the woods beyond there I
But,
after
all,
it
_
came
to
inc,
as
I
turned
to flee
knew I should see the full ~rice of war!
from the sight and horror of more, pature has . tri•
• •
• • •
umphed over the military spirit a few overlords foster
. I had a little bottle of camphor in my pocket. Livamong the peoples of the earth. For at my very feet
ing on "grospain" and r~Jw onions produces· indigeslay a Frenchman and a German, the llrm of one about
tion that only . camphor can alleviate, and I poured
the other and an empty canteen between them. And I
orne of the balmy fluid on my handkerchief. With the like to think th at, as they died they divided their w&.cool, pungent cloth pressed tight against my- nostrils, ter and their rations and knew that, af~er all, the peoI stumbled on through this path of victory !
ple of thP- Rhine are brothers to the people of the Seine,
The horror grew.
and that they th~mselves had no quarrel with each
It became more im·oh·ed as I, plunging throu!t"h ring other.
•
•
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•
•
�40
The Western Comrade
United States of Europe
By BASIL HOWARD
~==ift l-IAT
became of Pri.nzip (I believe that
was his name}, the young assassin whose
accurate and deadly aim in killing Francis Ferdinand and his consort, doubtles s
to his ~t;ter amazement, has plunged the
world into wad" sa,id Wurtzel car-elessly, as he began to arrange-z.the pieces
l!;;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;;;;;;;:;!J Oil the chessboard for a gam!:) with his
fri end, a fellow n ewspaper . man. rrhey had seated
themselv es · t a table in a secluded corner of an East
Side cafe, behind the vine-covered trellis work on the
sidewalk. " In the tremendous import of the events
that have followed I have not seen him mentioned."
Ballard, his companion, did not answer-'-indeed ·
seemed so plunged in profound study he forgot to place
his men (t h e blacks ) upon the board, and "Wurtzel,
having arTang-cd the whites, also, again spoke:
'' \Vhy so a hst ractNl ? \Ve sat down to play a
chess game, h11L from the expression of your face one
would thin], t he fate of th e world depended upon your
solution of a problem."
''Assassin ! Y cs, so they call him-a madman, too
-and I do not know what has become of him. But
what if--"
"Well, ~o on . But what if- - "
Ballard rernaincd silent sornc time, and Wmtzel had
begun the game with the Huy IJOpez opcnin~, absently,
but seemed waiting for his frif'nd to speak more than
for· a counter play.
"But what if- one hesitates to conjecture, or at
least to express such a conjecture-but what if--"
He paused again. Then, gathering courage, he went
on: "But what'if thil\.so-called assassin foresaw all
the events t hat wcr·c to 'full~w the death of Fmncis
Ferdinand, and made up his mind to kill him and pay
the price-witt.h his life1"
"You stag~er me with such a suggestion, that this
man was not an assassin, but a-well, what would you
call the fiet;~d from hell that would set millions of men
to cutting one another's throats 1"
"But what if he foresaw that to this war there
could be but one end- the end -o f all war, universal
disarmament, arrd the establ ishment of tile United
States of Europe 1-and finally, perhaps the Federation of the World 1"·
'
'' Then this assassin would be like the So:rt of-- !"
He stopped short, with opening eyes. "Your imagibation is truly extravagant!" After a moment Wurtzel
continued: ''But half or all of these assassins are
prepared to sacrifice their own lives, and this young
madman, like others, was prepared to die, And you
think he foresaw-.- "
"However tremendous the events that have followed, it is not impossible he foresaw it all-and what
ls yet to come."
"Do you really mE'an to say that--'' \Vurtzel
started off, but Baltard broke in:
·'From the instant the fatal shot Was fired everything · that has follow ed was not only logi cal, but
reasoJting fro m cause to effect, I might say inevitable;
and, having followed the game so far, I can fnyself
foresee the end-universal disa rmameqt and the cstablisl~mcnt of the United States of- - "
"If the Allies win-- ?" broke in Wurtzel.
'"J'h c 1Tnitcd States of Europe," continued Bal~ard,
r·onfidently.
"A]l(l if, by any possibility, Germany should win?"
'· Th e United States of Europe-there can be but
unt· result."
"If the war should last six months, a y ear, two
years 1''
· ' 'l'he high et· is piled th e war· debt-surely not less
tlran t\\· cnty billiolts- th c more certain the people are
to refuse to again arm and later on fight the war over.
They will look for a solution, and there is but one possible solution, the United States of Europe-the bountla r·i es of the different States of Eut·ope being on natural geographic~! and racial lines."
- '' But each nation in Europe will resist to the uttermost any attempt to change its present boundaries,"
objected \vurtzcl, "except the change increase its own
territory in which to hold a monopoly of trade, and
th ey will require armies to defend this area-everlastingly adding jealousies and ft·iction."
"In other words every nation in Euro~e demands
an increase in t!tc area in which they may exercise free
trade-to th e exclusiou of other~:?-and having built
these tariff walls they require armies to defend them 1"
asked Ballard, seeing Wurtzel was opening a way to
he su rrou nded.
"Exactly," said ·wurtzcl, confidently, feeling that
he had won the argument ho~vever willingly he would
have lost it.
"Then eve ry nation in Europe is fighting for free
trade?" asked Ballard.
"No; for the extension of its protective tariff
walls--' ' Wurtzel was hesitating, not certain of his
own position.
�T h e W e s t .e r n C om r a d e
.. Go on," said Ballard ; " go on-to increase the
:trea in which to-. - " he paused.
" Trade freely!" Wurtzel fell in, wonderingly, as
h e began faintly to realize his own argument had been
shal<en .
Ballard r emained silent a momen"t that the point of
Wurtzel 's forced admission might sink in.
·'And if there were no tariff walls between the various States of Europe," said Ballard, "each would have
all they are now unconsciously fighting for-the conI incnt of Europe as a market! Each would govern it self as it docs no\\·, and the contin ent of Europe would
he like - - "
'·The· UnitPL1 States of Ameriea- oh, the (.1uited
States of Europe ! I sec it, I see it-! " Wurtzel cx.-laim cd in joyous s zrprisc, rising from the table, utt,.rly lwsid c him self. "Sonwthiu g 1 h ave dreamed ol'
a ll my lifr!"
II•· did not spc::1k for some time as th e great truth
t I till had <hl\rned upon him was being more firmly
~rasp<'d i11 his rrasou.
Hega ining somcw1HJ t his composttr<· h<' rrs111ned hi s seat at the tahle .
.. \\" hii t a si 1i 1 pie sc>lution of a worl-d probl em !· ' hr·
~aid ;!I I a st.
"Th e rull'rs ~md statesmen of Europe
Ita,.,. hf•<·n as hlim1 as I! What a seeming paradox!
That rn·ry nation in Europc! is unconsciously fig-hting
t'or fi'Pf'i · tradc- sc·Ycnt•·rH million m en cutting <'aeh
nthpr"s tltroats to break do\\·n trade walls- for somcthill~ tlt<·.v could ha1·e foL" nothing!"
'' Yes,' ' said Ballard, and not one of the m w0uld
haH what th ey thiDk th ey arc · fighting for if you'd
give it to them for nothing-for restricted trad e that
would i:;olat(' them all, <'<Hricd to its logical con clu sion, would destroy all comme rce!'~
"SPventc.r n million men," repeated \Vurtzel, "fighting for something they could have for nothing, and
not on e of them would h ave what they t hink they arc
lighting .for if you'd give it to them!"
But Ballard r e mained sil ent, an~ Wnrtzr·l eon1inn ed :
"But insane "national and racial jealousies as to
loss of nationality and the location of the capitai-'Paris, Berlin, St. Petersburg, Vienna or Romr- \\·ould
prevent a union such as ours, Florida exch anging what
sh e produces ch eapest for what New York produces
"heapcst; as Italy should with Germany, France with
Hussia. But they would all fear loss of nationality."
"There would be no loss of nationality, and there.
need be no capital at all! Just ri'i.eet at 'l'h e Hague,
abolish th e Tariff Walls and go hom e! 'J'hc war would
he OYel·. '' .
.. \\' urtzcl seemNI doubling. " llut " ·ith a world
:!One mnd with war·, who would stop to think~ Did
l' l' ~' l':V natio11 in Europe in eongr(•ss assembled at Th e
.
41
Hague abolish the Tariff tomorrow, would not the-war
be fought to its bitter endf"
''The war would cease immediately. It would be
absolutely impossible to continue it. · I defy you to
suggest th e faintest purpose any nation would have to
rontinue the war after the Tariff ·Walls had been destroyed. 'l'hc soldiers of all countr~es would shoulder
their guns-or throw them away-and start home.
Seventeen· million men would start for their respective
COUJ?.tries over flower-st~ewn roads lined with happy,
deliriously ·happy women and children in w~at had
hern the enemy's country, and war would be no more
- destruction, de olation and d eath to he succeeded by
a world of work and wealth!' ' ·
' 'It i::. not possible that l could continue. this game,'"
-said Wurtzel, . as h e gathered np the ch ess from tlw
hoa rd , '-'even had you made a play and were willing
to continue. l find myscll engaged in such amazing
speculation- ! ecm to hav'e discovered a n ew \vOJ·lcl·a game of e+1css would he pu erile- -"
But Ballard, interrnpting him as they rose from th <·
t able, sa-i d:
_ " J supposn you t!oul.Jt the possibility that Priuzip
might have foeeseen- -" Ballar·d hesitated . " You
know there is only one possible end to the wa.r, no matter who wins, and Prinzip- - "
"Here, c:onw d inc with me at ' '.I' he Boulcvat·d, ' "
said W urtzrl, "and I'll listen to your tll{!ory of Prinzip, while you if). turn shall know of the great milita1·y
mistak e of the Kaisc1· and his advisers."
Ballard seemed stunned·. "I ·w onder if you, too,
have discovered the tremendous blunder of the Kaiser
- for h e could have had all the world with him in strad of aga inst him!" !The Public].
A JOB FOR DEATH
''WANfJ' :t lif<" joh with a human e employer where
th ere arc! 110 str·ik cs o1· lay-offs, with a constant ch an gr of sePnc, plenty of ~unusemcnt and h ealthy
work?"
That is 1he wording ot' the advertising put out to lute
youn g men into the naval service.
'l'herc: is an en·or· in tlw WOI'Cling: ls it a life joh '!
Js it?
Oo ask of th e hlcaehin~ horrcs in the Baltic! Ask
of th<· overgorged sliarks of t he Adr·iatic!
Lif<· ? Ask t he Germ au c rew of the U 9 who wept
as th<!y sank thr<'r! British r·rnis<'t's without a e.hanr:c to
live!
.Joh for J.Jife!
Lroi's troll th e truth :
Young ma n, if you wau t. a job that-is a I i vin g death
111 times of pcar:c, and mur·der and hell in t im es of war
--join 1h<· navy of any eountry at any timr !- G. R B.
�42
The W e s r ~ r.n C o m r a d e
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~ol3
En tered. as second-class matter
post o m ce at Los Angeles, Cal.
at
the
924 Higgi':la Building, Loa Angelea, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
In Cluba C!f Four Fifty Centa
Job Harriman, Managing Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. 2
Oct.-Nov., 1914
No. 6 & 7
SONGS OF REVOLT
J. A. Williams has compiled an
anthology of revolutionary poems
among them a number of his own
and a few selections of prose composition dealing with the class stmggle. This pamphlet is entitled: "The
Revolution in Song and Story." It
is 48 pages of the choicest selections
of the r ebels of modern times. The
poems run the gamut of hu_inan emotions from the humorous lines by the
author entitl ed ' .' When · Soci'alism
Will Die,'' to the heroic verses by
James G. Clark : "Justice to Liberty Enligh tenin g the World:"
Com rade Will iams has dedicnted
his hooklet in a touc hin g manner to
his comrades who have stood with
him in th e r anks and foug ht in the
work . Fifteen volumes the size
An introduction · by Frank J'j.
\\' olfe tells the story of Comrade
William~ ' devotion to the cause of
Socialism. 'fh e pamphlet sells for
tm1 ·<·L·nts a copy. A copy will be
s<·nt free to all ~ew yearly subscriber·s to Th e W estc m Comrad e whorequest it.
EXPJ,ANATION
to my prolonged and unavoidable absence in the East
thr October number of the WESTEll:'\ C0:\1RADE was delayea so
long that it has heen. deemed apNfi ent to combin e th e October and
thP ovf·mber issues of the magazim~ .
An effort has he en made to · make
this num her larget· and better than
o•vPr before. All subscriptions will
IH' set backward one month on th·e
list so that eve ry subsc riber will r e<·t'iVf• th(• fu ll twelve numbers for
t hP yPar or· six months for the half
yNtr.
Th (• mana gement wish es to take
this o<·ca<; ion to 1hank scores of commdes who have Rent in new subscript ions and l'lubs during the month
RED WEEK
and who have said so many encourUS'l'
a
word
ahout Red \Yee k and
ng-ing things about the magazinr..
the vY este rn Comrade. Vv e reFRANK E. WO[,FE,
ce ived mor·e su hseriptions during
Editor.
!'lcptemhet· hy a vast number than
ever beforP. One comrade alone sent
STHTNGTNG JOIINNY
in forty-two . Oth ers from four to
Hoy 's l\1othcr· (poking her head out twelv ~.' This without the usual
of window ) -Say, you kid s stop pick- deathb ed app eal or gurglin g gasp
in~-{ on my .Johnny. H e Hin 't no for help.
do lin.
lt was just th e voluntary hustling
of com rades who know that every
Th< · joys of swimm in g who 'II com- tim e they t ake a subscription for the
pute
W cs~c rn Comrade th ey are giving
To youthful lives and nimble
I 00 cents worth and that they are
nut !lon 't forget your· bathing suit.
doin g exce ll ent propaganda work
( r1 's in yom grandma's thimble.) for Socialis m.
To these devoted fri ends and yokeDRESSER PHOTO CO.
fellows we extend our sinc er est
Lantern Slides ·
thanks and good wishes. It 's all
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarging
teamwork
for th e good canse.-The
I Kodak Flnlahlng-Free Developing
ed itors.
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C. A. WILSON
The Watchmaker and Jeweler at the
Union Labor Temple, 532 Maple Avenue,
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ALL PRICES ftiGHT
U. S. W. V. Roosevelt Camp No. 9,
I. 0. 0 . F. No. 150 Louisiana, K. of P.
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THE MACHINE GUN
I speak with the voice of Ip.en and
devils. l\iy messengers speed. their
unerdng flight to coun.t less )learts.
I w6t•k between two voids-back of
me a pile of empty shells, in front
of me a widening cir cle of empty
hearths. I am no r especter of persons.
1\iy victories lie in a horizon of
homes. Hell inspired me, man created me women and children pay for
me. Each day of battle I prepare a
feast of bodies, with Death as the
host.
With my blackened wand I touch
the breast of man, and forthwith
ther e springs the in carnadine river of
death.
I turn but an inch, and the lives of
ma idens are blasted, moth ers and sisters mourn, artd a hundred babes are
fatherless.
Science, Christianity and Civilizat ion stand sponsors for me.-Life.
AND DESERVES MORE
Friend-Do you get more for a
poem now than you did twenty years
agoY
Poet (sadly )-Yes. As I get older
I can 't defend myself so welL-Chicago News.
NOT A FIRELESS COOKER
Brawn-See that man. He's so
ill temper ed his wife can't keep any
servants. H e's fired six cooks ·in
the past .s ix months and now his
wife has to do the work.
Strawn-Oh, I see, he 's a sort of
cookless firer.
'' I und erstand the bride and groom
are back from their honeymoon
trip. "
"Yes."
" Are they all settled 1"
"Yes."
'' And happy ?''
" Very. Slw can hardly wait fo r
his first pay clay to come. " -Detroit
FreQ Press.
·
The British Columbia Federation~st
Room 217
Labor Temple
Vancouver, B. C.-•
$1.25 Per Yea.r
Issued Weekly
R. Pa r m Pettlplece, Managing Editor
A l a b o r paoer unparall el ed by a n y l abor paper o f Ca n ada.
P.nd or sed b)· th e Vi<'t<>ria Trades and Labor Cou n cil a nd
l\: e w ~\ ' es tmin ste r Tr:lde~ a nd Labor Coun ci l.
o m cla l
organ o f th e Vancnuver Trades and Labor Council a n d
Bri ti sh Col umbia Federati on of Labor.
Th e paper for
Indust rial linlty, Political Uni t y. Strength a n d VIctory !
If you clo n o t tak e th is paper you shou l d subscribe today!,
�The Western Comrade
THE SCOURGE OF GOD?
HEN the Kaiser sent his troops
forward on the P ekin expedition, this was his message:
'' 'Vhen you meet the foe, you will
defeat him ( Cliinese, mostly unarmed
or carrying medireval weapons). NO
QUAR'l'ER WILL BE GIVEN, no
prisoners taken. Let all who fall
into y-our hands be at your mercy.
Gain a reputation like the Huns
under Attila."
At Louvain the German commander blundered and fired on his own
advance guard. This awful error
was covered by the sacking and
burning of the city with the consequent loss of life and priceless art
treasures.
Is the Kaiser still posing as the
Scourge of God ?-E d '0.
W
COULDN'T BEAT HER
Ellanora had been the negro maid
at Mrs. Hopson's for several years
and left to get married. She moved
to another city, and nothing had
been seen of her for a couple of
years, when one day she called on
her former mistress.
"And so you have a little son, Ellanora 1'' said Mrs. Hopson.
'' Yas 'urn,'' smiled the woman-'' a
nice litte boy."
"And what did you name him~"
queried Mrs. Hopson.
"Well, we calls him Eggnog," re.plied the colored woman.
''Eggnog!'' said the other.
" That's a funny name for a boy."
''Well, you' see, missus,'' explained Ellanora, '' det cullud woman
what lives nex' doah to me named
her twins Tom and Jerry, an' I didn 't
want to bvoutdone by her. " -D·elineator. ·
THE MOUNTED BULL
''My papa is a mounted policeman,'' said small Eric to :a vjsitor.
"Js that better than bemg a walking tPOlicernan '' asked the visitor. ,
"Course it is, " r eplied Eric. "If
t here is trouble he can get away
quicker.''
MAKING HIMSELF SOLID
Examining Admiral (to naval
enndidate )-Now mention three·
~!'!·eat. admirals.
Candidate-Drake, Nelson and- I
heg your pardon, sir, I didn't quite
.catch your name.-London Punch.
THE SOCIAUST CAMPAIGN -BOOK FOR 1914
Will give you up-to-date Information about
The Socialist Movement
The Labor Movement :
Co-operation
Exploitation
Wages and Hours
.Unemployment
Child Labor
Woman and Labor
Industrial Accidents
Poverty
The Rig~ Cost of Living
White Slavery
Crime
The Old Parties
The ProgreNives
Syndicalism
Concentration of Wealth
The Trusts
Profits
Socialists in Office
and many other things of' interest to Socialists
·and students-to<? m~y· to mention. ·
It baa been compiled by the INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY
moat complete reference book of that
and ia
character that has ever been published.
the
in flexible cloth. 350 pagee.
50 CENTS A COPY.
Bound
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SPECIAL· COMBINATION
We will lend you THE WESTERN COMRADE for one year and THE
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•
GREAT POPULATOR
A Louisville man tells of an incident at a Sunday school convention.
In answer to the roll-call of the
states reports were verbally given by
the various state chairmen. When
Texas was called a big man stepped
into the aisle and in stentorian tones
exclaimed: ''We represent the liDperial state of .T exas. The first white
woman born in Texas is still living
- she has now a population of over
three million." Wher~upon a voice
from the gallery cried out in clarion
tones: "Send that woman to Idaho
-,-we need her."
VICTORY FOR WORKERS
Carl Persons, the fighting editor
who killed a notorious gunman, has
been acq,uitted of a charge of .mur•
der by an Illinois juey. The work•
ers rallied nobly to the defense of
their yoke-fellow. This should be
encouraging to those who · have
charge of the defense of Rangel,
Cline and their. comrades in a Texas
prison. Funds are needed for the
defense of these men.
All contributions should be sent to
Rangel-Cline Defense Committee,
Victor Cravello secretary, Labor
Temple, Los Angeles, California .
�44
.·
•
'
The Western CoiJ!rade
FAKES OF JOURNALISM
AX SHERDVER of Buffalo has
·
written a pamphlet entitled
"Fakes in American Journalism. "
H e has devoted only 66 pages to the
great battle for human freedom. . .
of the American Encyclopedia would
be required to cover even a portion
of the fakes in American journalism
(:Juring the past five years.
The pamphlet will do good exactly in the ratio it is given circulation. ·M any of the instances of
cheat in g arc tagged with the names
of the n ·wspapers and the dates.
Others arc not given these .marks of
auth enti eity, but one is inclined t o
believe th em as all are in the boun.ds
of mod esty compared with the authen t ic c·ascs of fraud set forth in
th e hooklet.
This pamphl r. t is well worth reading. The pri ce is ten cents and it is
publishr·d by the Buffalo Publishing
'ompany.
M
Pictures for Propaganda
Shoot ·capitalism
With a
.Stereopticon
Anyone can lecture with t he aid of pictures; they tell ·the
story, you point out the moral. Pictures draw a crowd whe1·
other means fail. They make your work doubly effective.
Vve tell you how to get the greatest re ults at the least
exoense.
-Send stamp for compfete information.
W.
SCOTT LEWIS
...
A Labor
paperpaper
that never
backs
down,
a Labor
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go es ahead ON THE STRAIGHT
ROAD!
The Citizen is known from Coast
to Coast as the best trad.e union pap er th e nation has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
of more than 12 pages of newl'l and
inspiration and education concerning organized labor.
Los Angeles, California
3493 Eagle Street .
The Los Angeles Citizen
l::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:
SOCIALISTS
,A TTENTION
LOVE'S PATRIOT
I saw a· lad......:.a beautiful lad:_
With a far-off look in his eye,
Who smiled not on the batt le flag
·when the eavalry troop marched ·
· by.
In order to olace a copy of our catalogue
And, .so~~ly vexed, I asked the lad
of union-made goods in · the hands of
Where might his country be,
every Feader of The Western Comrade,
we will sencd posts
.age prepafid, on rece1pt
Edited by STANLEY B. WILSON \Vho ca red not for his country's flag, of
FIFTY ENT • one o our genu 1ne
And the brave from oversea.
sheepskin-leather card cases BEARING
The Citizen is edited by Stanley B. '' Q, my country is the land of Love,'' THE UNION LABEL:
Wilson, one of the nation's Big Men
Thus did the lad reply+ This card case contains four pockets,
of Labor! His editorial!! are as '' l\fy country is th e land of Love,
one large for bills a nd papers, one for
widely cop.ied all over the coun"try as , And a patriot th ere am I. "
your dues-stamp book, and two with
are the edl.torl'als of any other Labor "
11 ·
k'
t · t transparent windows for union memberAnd w 0 lS your mg, my pa rlo ship cards. This is the ONLY CARD
fighter today. That is the sure test
boy,
CASE on the market made by OrganJzed
of quality. Others know that what ·whom loy ally y ou obey?"
Labor and bearing the union label. It is
Wilson \Vrites is THE REAL "0 my l\ing is Freedom " quoth the no longer necessary for a class-conscious
THTNG ! There's. an inspiration and
' ·lad,
'
Socialist to be inconsistent.
a ·breadth of view in · the writings of
"And he never says me nay. ,
Send fifty cents in stamps or money
.1_ •
this man seldom found in the work T
d
order.
. ··
.
'' hen you o as · you 11,..e
m your
of edttor1al wr1ters. In no other paland of Love,
I MUTUAL l.fNION TRAD ING CO M PANY
per nn you get the WILSON EDI- I ml
· f
·,
'I
(The onl y excl usive union l abel
TORJALS! Subscribe to The Citizen
n lere every man JS r ee .
merchandisers)
'"!'\ay we do as we love," r eplied the • (Owned and managed by mE>mbe•·s o! the
t 0 d ay .I
.
'
working. class)
The Citizen will come to you for a
la?,
.
9 Board of Trad e Court, CHIC'A GO, ILLS.
whol e year-52 big issues-for one
And h1s smile fell full on me.
dollar. ·wrap a bill in a sheet of
·
Ern est Crosby.
paper and mail it. Get a money or.
-THE JONES BOOK STORE
d er if you prefer or send a check. It
" Wil-yum, ,,'Vhat can you tell . us 226 W t F ' t St L An l
C I
all goes. BUT DO IT NOW! The about Columbus ?"
es Irs
., os
ge es,_ ~ ·
" 1t 's next to last in the American Headquarte~s for the best Somahst
Citizen P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles,
Cal.
As ociation. " -Buffalo Express.
books and literature.
I
I
I
I
�T -h·e We·ste rb Com r··ade
45
ARMAMENT IS DESTRUCTION
Congress has just · appropriated
$30,000,000 for two battleships, the
upkeep of which will be tremendous
for about six years, when they will
be antiquated and thrown on the
scrapheap.
The annual expenditures on extension of the naval department of
the United States will be about $15Q,:
000,000.
H earst is advocating a navy that
would cost $300,000,000 a year.
All of this inevitably leads to one
end. Europe is at that end. Armament"':)an r esult in a cataclysm. Only
a few Hearsts are left and they, happily, arP dwindling away.
ELOPING UP-TO-DATE
The coatless man puts a careless arm
'Round the waist of the hatless girl
While over the dustless, mudless
road
In a hor·sclcss wagon they whirl,
Like a lcadlcss bullet from hammerless gun,
By smokeless powder dl'iven,
They fly to taste the speechless joys
By end less union given.
The only luncheon his coinless purse
Affords to them the means
Is a tasteless meal of boneless cod,
Wtih a dish of stringless beans.
lie smokes his old tobaccoless pipe,
And laughs a mirthless laugh
\Yhen papa tries to coax her back
By wireless telegraph.
The papa pulls his hairless locks
And weeps with tearless wails.
His shriek-s ring through the frostless rocks
In shrili chromatic scales ;
.-\.nd " ith a wingless aeroplane
Scoots t hrough a cloud-wracked
sky
And looks aloft at the beamhiss moon
And sniffles a sobless sigh.
I
Skimming above in his noiseless
steed,
Her parent spies them afar,
And drops a wad of dynamite
In the path of the valveless car.
Hoisted aloft in hasteless speed,
Toward the gibbous, honeyless
moon,
They join in the neb of the nebulous
tail
Of a comet athwart the gloom.
·Here's One Magazine ·
You Want
Pearson's Magazine is the
only magazine of its kind.
Its form enables it to depend
on its readers alone -on
. advertisers not at all. It
can and does, therefore,
print facts which no maga~
zine that depends upon
advertising for a living can
"afford " to print. It does
print such facts every
month'. Every issue contains the truth about soine
condition which affects
your daily welfare, which
you want toknowandwhich
you can find nowhere else.
Besides, it prints as much
fiction and other entertainment as any general ~aga
Charles Edward Russell
zine. If you want one
" The reason why I advise all persons
radical magazine to live and
that believe in a free press to support
grow,subscribe toPearson's.
P earson's M aga.zine is because P earson's is the only great magazine that . Pearson's is the only big
1\lagazine in Am·erica in ·
is free."
which the Socialists get an
equal opportunity with others to present their case, not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Socialism is presented by the leading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chds. Edward Russell.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
•
Here's Another Magazine You Want
The Western, c·omrade
The only illustrated Socialist magazine west of Chicago. It IS
excell ed by none in America. Hundreds of subscriptions are
:coming in from Sooialists who are an:Xious to ·keep in touch
with news of the development of the ·Llano del :Rio Colony.
Our aim is to make the magazine better and brighter with each
issue. Subscription by the year $1.
By
spec~al
.
COQINATION
arrangement with Pearson's we will send you
THE WESTERN COMRADE and PEARSON 'S MAGAZINE
- ONE YEAR FOR $1.25
Address Circulation Dept., 924 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
·,
�The Western Comrade
46
THIS WILL HAPPEN TONIGHT
The American Socialist
I was sent by the "Outlook" to
Russia at the · time of the war with
Official Orau _of tlae
Japan.
One night with 8 Russian friend,
on 8 train whose fifth class carsThe American Socialist speaks cattl~ cars and nothing more--w'ere
with authority. It ia a powerful packed with wounded men from the
news and propaganda weekly Front-out of one of those murky
and is the only pilper in the traveling hells we pulled a peasant
United States which gives an boy half drunk, and ' by the display
account of the official business ~f ~ bottle of vodka we got him to
of the Socialiat Party.
come with us to our second-class
Every Socialist. Every Student of Socia- . co~artment ahead.
He pulled off his coat and showed
lism should be.a subscriber.
his right arm. From the shoulder to
Suhsc.ription Price
the elbow ran a grim festering swollen sore. Amputation was plainly a
50 cents a year.
matter of days. But it was not to
Th e American Socialist and The forget that ·event that ,this peasant
W estern Comrade can ·be had in kid had jumped off at each station
combination for one y ear by send- to spend his last kopecks on vodka.
No, _ he was stolidly getting drunk
ing $1.15 to
because, as he. confided to· us, at dawn
THE WESTERN COMRADE he would come to his home town and
there he knew he was going to tell
924 Higgins Building
twenty-six wives that their men had
Los Angeles, Cal.
heen killed. He laboriously counted
them off on his fingers, each wife and
each husband by their strange long
Telephone Home A-4533
Russian names. Then he burst into
half-drunken sobs and powided the
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
winrlow ledge with his fist.
'
Attorneys at Law
It was the fist of his right arm, and
921 Higgins Building
the kid gave a queer sharp scream of
Los Angeles, Cal.
paiJ;,l. He looked to be about sixt een.
This IS happening in Europe toF-1592
Broadway 1592
night.
ERNEST POOLE.
A. R. HOLSTON
-The Masses.
Socialist Party of America.
I
===============:!
1'-IMD
Main 1407
t
TIUs Stand. for
~ the Best in Con•
tJllft
fec:tions, Cream.
and Ices -:- -:-
J/';.
427
s0 uT
H
8 R 0 A 0 wAy
1---------------ARGLMENTS FOR PEACE
"In Vienna there are 20,000
wounded.''
, ''Five thousand wounded passed
through Orleans daily for five days."
''I counted 30 trains choked with
wounded.''
So run just a few of the returns
from behind the firing lines.
There's not a city or village,
there 's scarcely a farm house left
standing in the embattled couq.trie
on which war has not ;tlready la'id its
bloody finger . prints-and the r eturns are just beginning to eome in.
It is easy for the czar to say that
he will take Berlin if it costs him his
last peasant; for the kaiser to t ell his
people that they must "fight so long
as a man remains alive:' '
But what of those who have to
hlerd and suffer; who have to die 1
Th e rulers say they aren't read~
for peace; that the war must go on
till the enemy is beaten to his knees.
But, after all, it is the people who
have the last say.
·when they get their fill of misery
and sacrifice, it will not be so hard to
make a peace.
Young Hopeful-Mummy, have
gooseberl'ies got legs 1
Mother-No, dear.
•
Youn Hopeful-Then I've swalWilliam Francis Seeman, registered lowed a caterpillar.
Attorney at Law
331-2 Douglas · Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
patent attorney and mechanical engi- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - neer, successor to Arden & Seemann,
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
416 -17 -18 Citizens' Bank Building; pat(Attorney)
ents all countries; specializing Intricate
1
CHARLES 0. MORGAN
and difficult mechanical, chemical, elecSuite 712, San Fernando Building
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
trochemical and metallurgical cases.
Fourth and Main Streets
Notary Public
F-5743, Main 9474.
Los Angeles, Cal.
1010 California ·Building, Corner Second
and Broadway
.100 Per Cent Settlement
Main 619
Home A-2003
Home Phone A-3913. Los Angeles, Cal.
'
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
A. J. STEVENS
Insurance Underwriter
Dentist
Home F-2164
Notary
Main 7618
360 I. W . Hellman Building
306 . South Broadway
GOLDMAN &. SHAPIRO
Attorneys at Law ··
Los Angeles, Cal.
Tel A-4559 Room 514
. Los Angeles, Cal.
537-8-9 Douglas Building
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
3rd and Sprin_g. Sts.
, 'Every evening till 6. Sundays 11 to 12 1
Los Angeles, Cahfornta
Assayer and Chemist
Harry A. Goldman
Chalm Shapiro
Osoar-WINBURN-Charlea
do not guarantee s atisfaction
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
I guarantee accuracy
I
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles 1252
1h South Main St.. Los Angeles, Cal.
Insurance, all kinds. P . D. oel, 921
Phone A- 363
Phone A-2299
Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles.
NOTARY PUBLIC
All Work Done in Duplicate
I
�T be We s t ·e r n C om r a d e
GOLD
By Arthur Guiterman
" M EED of the toiler," "Flame of
the Sea"Ruch were the names of your poets
for me.
'' l\'letal of Mammon,'' ''Curse of the
world"These ·are ·the libels your preachers
' have hurled.
Dug from the mountain side, wash~,<l
in the glen,
Servant am I, or the master of men.
Steal me, I curse you; earn me I
bless you;
Grasp me arid hoard me, a fiend shall
·
possess you.
- "-..
Li e for me, die for me, covet me,
take me:\ngel or devil, I am what you mak e .
me.
F'alsrlv alluring, I shimmer and
shine
OY er the millions that hold me
divine·
Trampling e~ch other, they rush to
adore me,
If t•aping the dearest of treasure before meLoYe and its blessedness, youth and
its wealth ,
!Ionor,
tmnquillity,
innocence,
healthBuying my favor with evil and pain;
II uge is the sacrifice, poor _is the gain,
~aught but my effigy, passionlessr
cold,
·
(Jod of a fr·enzied idolatry-gold!
·,.
47
REVOLT
IN MEXI.c o ·
Read the Correct Interpretat~on of Underlying Motives m the
Most Remarkable and ·V,aluable BooK of the Year
~exican People-Their-struggle~ .for Freedom
The
· -By-
L. Gutierrez de La.ra. and
Edgc~b
Pinchon
Eugene V. Debs says:
'' • • • It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the tillers of
t·~e soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows that through all these centuries of toil ,
ahd te~ and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by the military power. "
~
~
~
Georgia. Kotsch says: .
'' • • ·• It strips the glamor of
benevolent motives from the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents the stark truth that ·
American and world capitalism has been,
and is, in league against tthe proletariat of
Mexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depicted
as the most depraved and bloodthirsty in,
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the Mexican proletariat is in greater or
less degree and in: varying circumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country. "
THE BLOODTHIRSTY KAISER!
"We 111 ust play a great part in the
\l·orld, and .
. perform those
deeds of"hlood, of valor, which above
Pverythin g else bring national renown. By war alone we can acquire
those virile qualities' necessary to win
in the stern strife of actual life.''
The r eader doubtless recognizes in
t he above the familiar strain of
thought Of that semi-barbarian, Williat{l II. And th e r eader is right.
This parti cul~r expression, how('\'er·, came from the pen of our dearly
hrloved Th eodore Roosevelt. How
hr must envy th e Kaiser now !-The
:\f asses.
~
~
~
' Published by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
·
Price $1.50
Distressed Damsel-Oh , sir, catc h
...
that man! H e wanted to kiss me.
W c will send you this book and The Western Com-rade for one
Passive P edestrian-That 's all
year for $1.50.
right. That 's all right. There'll be J
.. a not her along in a - minute.
~-----------------------------
I
•
�Workers Wanted!.
Llano del Rio Colony in the Antelope
Valley, Los Angeles Coun(y ~California,
offers employment
to hundreds of men
and their families.
..
All departments are under the
management of experts, but we
are in need of men of experience
· in t~e' variou~ industries.
We are still in search of an
expert poultry. raiser. One with
· experience in poultry raising on
a large scale in California pre.ferred. We will take over any number of chickens the applicant may offer.
Correspondence desired with prospective members who are in western states
and who have poultry or stock. The colony wishes . to add milk cows of good
quality to its magnificent dairy herd.
Men and women of nearly every
useful occupation are in demand.
Every member an equal ~hareholder
in the enterprise. Every worker to get
the full social product of his efforts.
Write for particulars concerning
•
new plan for prosp~ctive colonists, who
may secure their membership and join the colony at any time during the next
.• five years.
Don't let any imaginary obstacle prevent you from acting now.
Co-operation Is Not Merely a WORD---It Is ACTION!
.
For Full Particulars Address
LLANO DEL RIO COMPANY
Colony Department
' JOB HARRIMAN, President
924 Higgins Building, Los Angeles, California
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-10/11
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Description
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Double Issue
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-10/11
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n06-07_191410-11
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v02n06-07
Extent
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48 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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War and Empire
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/42ae8e6e072fb59312af4d7c99c976fc.pdf
e515bd7c2189ee92332bce8dd2fc2100
PDF Text
Text
I
,.
August, 1914
Vol. 2, No.4
Ten cent
.
.
.
·. This Issue
- Contains
-
0 -0 -
. Verbal Treason Is
Newest Discovery
- 0 - 0-
Co-operation An Aid
· To Socialist Growth
-
0- 0-
School Library Has
Index Expurgatorius
- 0 -o -
Honfield Horrors
And Hypocrisy
-
0- o-
Labor Exploiters
And 8-Hour Law
-0-0-
Will Prohibition
Aid the Workers.?
- 0-0-
.
Senate ~uppresses
Slavery ~Exposure
- 0 -0 -
Fiction
-- A-r t
•
•
•
!""-
•
Propaganda --•• Poetry
�The Western Comrade
2
Specialties:
Shirts,
Pajamas,
Underwear,
Collars,
Neckwear.
Scene in
Eagleson's
Union Factory.
Light, Airy,
Sanitary.
August is the Time to Buy for ·Clothing Bargains
Choose Your Summer Suit ·where Prices and Quality
Are Right-Where Styles Are Correct
During August it behooves the careful, conscientious buyer to choose his new sult wlth
greater care than at most times of the year. If you want the most for your money
you will come up to Eagleson's, between First and Second streets, where our inexpensive location and small running expen~es enable us to ma·ke you an actual cash saving on your suits, hats and furnishings. Not only during August, but at the beginning,
middle and end of the season.
Because this is one of the oldest and largest exclusive men's stores in California
we a re showin g larger selections in the right sort of guaranteed summer fabrics, colors
and models than any other men's store on the coast. Every garment is exactly as it Is
represented.
Special values in high grade a ll wool suits at $13.00. $20.00.
Your comparison is cordially invited. Under no obligation to buy.
$25.00.
Shirts
Underwear
Sold direct from factory to wearer. BeIng manufacturers enables us to eliminate th e retai l and jobbers' profit dnd
give you regular
$1.50 qualities for.. .. ................................$1.00
$2.00 qualities for ....................................$1.50
All makes, style; and colors. Over 200
dif'ferent kinds to select from . Prices
from 50c to $3.00 per garment. Much
bettP.r quality than can be had at these
prices elsewhere.
LARGE ASSORTMENT OF EXTRA TROUSERS, OVERALLS, CORDUROY
PANTS, GLOVES, SUSPENDERS, NECKWEAR, HANDKERCHIEFS, SU I T
CASES, TRAVELING BAGS AND TRUNKS.
-MAKERS OF MEN'S WEAR
EAGLESON & CO.
-
112-116 S. Spring St.
..
�The Western Comrade
ELKS KIN
BOOTS:· and SHOES
.•
'
Factory opera.t ed in connection
with LLANO DEL. Rio CoLONY
IDEAL FOOTWEAR
For Ranc.hers
and
Outdoor Men
.
'
.
Men's 10-inch boots .$6.00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 15-inch boots . 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 5.00
Ladies' 14-inch boots 5.50
Men's Elk shoes . . . . 4.00
Ladies' Elk shoes . . . 3.50
Infants' Elk shoes,
1 to 5 . . .... ...... 1.50
Child's Elk shoes, 5
to 8 .... ... ...... 1.75
Child's Elk shoes,
8% to 11 . . . . . . . . . 2.25
Misses' and Youths,
11% to 2 ..... .... 2.50
. The famous Clifford Elkskin Shoes are lightest and .
easiest for solid comfort and will ouhvear three pairs of
ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in light
handsome patterns to the nigh boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by maiL Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
r~ceipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state whether we
shall forn·ard by mail or express.
Address all communications to Shoe Department.
Place stocking foot on
paper, drawing pencil
around as per above il lustration.
Pass tape
around at lines w ith out drawing tight. Give
size usually worn.
Mescal Water and Land
Com.pany
_.
Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
�4
The Western Comrade
The Pit
The MASSES.
�THE WESTERN COMRADE
Devoted
Political
Action
to
the
Cause
of
the
Workers
Co -operation
VOL. II
LOS ANGELES, CAL., AUGUST 1, 1914
Direct Action
NUMBER 4
Diversion Dam on Mescal Creek, Llano del Rio Colony
- - - - - -- - - - - · - - - - - · - - ·
I'!'!'!!!!!!'!!!!!!!'!!!!!!!'!!!~ ONSERVATlON
of natural resources
is almost as inst in ct i,'e an . am hit ion
in man as hunger for land. l\fen stanlling on the hills that overlook the desert on one side and a stream of steady
I,\~~ [\'i7~
flowing water on the oth er feel an
~~~ lS
irresistibl e urge to take par·t in any
~~ I~ PJ I~
move to bring water to the soil. The
most alluring work at th e ljlano lie! Rio co lony has
been that of constru et ion of th e :Mescal dam and the
t·a nals that will carry wat er to tbe conservatio n r·csen·o irs aboYc the proposed city on the Ll ano.
Constrnetion work of this char·acter proves most
popular. Tht> ehief engin eer could get fifty Yolun,.
teers among the co lonists all of whom would like to
join the co nstru ct ion cr ew at Jackson 's Lake-J. H.
G
-----·----
------
OD gPomctr·izes; nature is chock full of algebra;
all a r·ound us we see puzzl e, riddl e and· conlrndntiiL
!•'ro m the watchful eye of Sirus to the
six-pointed sno wflak e th e infinite heavens are dotted,
not " ·ith star·s, hut with question marks.
But in the marvels of nature the r eal riddl e of
the uninrse is your conservative working man. This
\ri crd llnadrrort ism finds Hell surr-ounding him, and
,·o t<>s for it. H e finll.s a syst.cm that crucifies his wife,
anrl boosts it : a system that steals his baby's milk,
and fig hts for· it; a system that snatches his daught Pr 's YirtuP. and he conserves it. H e finds 'a system
that mahs his <;on c\·<'n as be is, and he hugs it to
his br·east.
H11th God at an .v time \\Tought a work more wonderful than this 9 -S. H.
�The Western Comrade
JOHNSON AND EIGHT-HOUR LAW
1H.AM W .•JOHNSON, Progressive governor of
California, friend of Organized Labor, and
<-andidate for re-election, is opposed to the eight-hour
nwasure which goes on the ballot at the com ing gen(•ral election. 'l'his is not an assumption ." It is .the
final word.
E. '1'. Earl, financial hacker and spiritual adviser
for the governor, declares, "It iS: maliciously untrue
that Governor .Johnson has anything to do with the
measurr. "
'l'hrre f'hcPrs fO!' Govemor Johnson, thE' f t·i end of
the workers! Let e\·cr·y labor organization within
1hr state herewit h pass r esolutions of endorsement
and support for the governor.
or c:ourse organized labor will support Johnson,
for is it not "maliciously untrue·" that he desires
shortrr hom·s for the work ers 1 Here is the statement:
" Th e proposrd law was pu t on t he ballot hy the
~o c: ialists through the initiative.
Enemies of t he
~tat c Administration are tryin g to make p eople beliP n that Gover·nor Johnson has something to do
with t hP measure, which is, of course, MALICIOUSLY lJN'l'ltUR · 'l'he Socialists circulated initiative
prtitions and sPcured nearly 35,000 signatures necessary to place the measur e on the ballot. A majority
Yot c of .the people in Novcmhcr will determine if it
is ot· is not to becom e a law. Th e go,·ernor has no
powrr to sign or veto it. "-T. W. \ V.
H
• • •
T. R. 'S ·DELUSION
1IE Ca li fo rnia Outlook contairls a picture of the
eolonrl in a new pose-if th er e can be a new
pose for one who has daily courted th e camera for
many years. This 011e shows T. R on a r ea r platform
of a railway tl'ain in t he att itude of a motot·man,
]rver in hand, leaning forward looking anxiously
down the track. He seems to be und er th e belief he
grasps the throttle and is running the train. This is
11 Yaluabl e pictur·e and attention of the historical
painter is most rpspectiYely r,.equested. It shows a
man who does not ' know whether h e is. coming or
go in g.-F. R. \\'.
T
AVARICE AND EXTERMINATION
RE 'CH restaurant keepers of San Franci co and
. otb:er California cities imd a few interested
Pl!rties, including som~ commission merchants, have
in ciraulation an initiative petition which would
place on the ballot at the fall election a proposition
to legalize the s_ale of 'wild game, including deer and
quail.
·To enact, such a law would mean the extermination of what little wild game remains in Californ ia.
Market hunters with automatic guns would clear the
coverts of quail in one season, and does and ·fawns
would fall before the rifl es of the unscrupulous men
who 'Jmnt..for commission merchants.
\Veaithy men of the state have seized nearly all
the duck shooting grounds and closed vast territories
to those who go afield after quail. Over one hundred
thousand dollars a year are paid for hunting li censes
in California, yet the only territory given any degr ee of protection is of the ri ch men ·s duck-hunting
clubs·.
Wh er e the money goes r r mains a mystery to most
of us. It certainly do es not put · any special
ward ens in the field just hrfo t·e opening day. Soonershooters, ·with th eir antomohill' parties, fill the coverts with burned shelfs long hefo re th e Jaw-abiding
sportsman arriveR. Oppot·tunity to hunt is almost
closed to the working _elass, hut there is reason to
hop e for a change. \\'hile hoping, let us do what we
ran to savr the game fro m extin ction. Don't sign the
ma rket-huntcrs' p etition! Yot r ngainst the measnr<'.-F. E. W. •
F
• • •
FORCE AND VIOLENCE?
RANK WILLIAMS of Halcco, Ala., was paroled
by Governor O'Neal and walk ed out of the Alabama state penitentiary aftl'l· serv in g twenty years
of a fifty-yrar sentence for th e alleged th!Jft of fifty
cents.
Censal'io Cerv(lntes of Uos Angeles has been sentenced to eight yrars in the Folsom p enitentiary,
charged with stealing a pair of eyeglasses.
In both these cases the judges ,\·ho imposed the
sentences deplored th e '' forrc and Yiol ence'' that
had br en usrd .-F . E. W.
F
�7
T h·e W est e r n C o m r a d e
I
OUR AGED CONSTITUTION
''No difference. You can't make speeches here!''
This·
\vas the fi.nal word of the representative of.
'NE of the funny things about an American is
President
Wilson.
his constitution. An American prides himself
-'fhe
miners
declare that scabs are being run into
on being up to date. His clothes must fit him, not.
th~
Ludlow
mines
through an "underground" and
some other fellow. , But his constitution would fit"
that·
the
federal
government
is choking the strike to
George IV. When he dances it must be close enough
death.
to his girl that she knows she isn't dancing with sorrie
Armed men are driUing in ColoraQ.o camps. 'fhey
other fellow, ... and that's the way he hugs his con..
wear
no glittering epaulettes or eagles on their colstitution.
lars.
They are bare-armed and brawny chests show
The . eighteenth century· English or l!..,rench or
through
.shirts flung open to the night air . .
Whig had· cxadly those ideas of democracy conA
man
who has learned to read since his twentieth
tained in the American constitution.
year is spelling out the words in a small brovtnWhat did the Paris whig of 1790 know of trusts,
hacked book: "The right of the people to keep and
!"ranchises, the ''boss,'' r efe rendum and om· credit
· bear, arms shall not be infringed."
.
system? And yet we . have the old-fashioned \Vhi"g
This is an "inalienable right" that has long been
measur·e us for constitutional clothes! Pitt or Burl\e
alienated, but the delusion seems to die slowly.
or Montesquieu could easily tal\e pat·t in any college
2\lay .it survive a little longer !-F. E. W. ·
or· legislative debate on the constitution in 19H.
There would he nothing th ese great-great-greatECONOMIC LOSS
gre:>.t-gr·and fathers wouldn 't. understand.-!;;;_ li.
D{TCATION of the masses will be taken up ~eri
.
ously and without delay. P . P. Claxton, Umted
INTERVENTION IN COLORADO
States commissioner of education, estimates the dif'JTTLE Eur·ope is on the verge of or actually ference between tite earning capacity of an "eduis plungt>d into a terrible war; while Ameri- eated'' ,~·orker and an illiterate is $100 a year. The
can capitalism is bending its ci1cr·gies to force inter- commissioner places the total loss to the employing
vtmtion in· l\lexit·o ancl whil e the railway worker·s eluss at $500,000,000 a year. He told the Industrial
of the west are on th e t>Ye of a general strike, we league that illiteracy was being eliminated in the
should not Jose sight of the situation in the Colo- south and was inc;reasing in New York. The nu~
rado Coal fields.
her of adult illiterates in New York state exceeds
Federal intenention as it is working thcr·c seems 4-00,000. '!'his is an economic waste that capitalism
to be for the pur·pose of hrcal\ing th e strike, filling can ill aff<~rd.
the mines with foreign workers and enrshing the
But then, there is a serious drawback to that.
last spark of hope out of the hearts of the miners. Educated, the workers become less servile, less doThe suppression of free specc\h is shown by the inci- cile and more_inel ined to rebel. It is a serious and
dent where a Socialist speaker tried to address a llifficult probl em. 'l'he only way will be to educate
erowd at Aguilar, a short distance from Imdlow. th em along the lines of f lag worship and vocational
As the speal{er appl'Oached the platform two fed eral tr·aining-dope them with patriotism and make them
soldiers stopped him:
more efficient as dividend earners.~F. E. W.
"You're the man that's going to talk on Socialism here ?''
\\' ar· in Em·op e has closed the Bourses and even
thP
stock exc hanges of the United States. 'l'his will
"Yes, I 'm the man. "
~i
''"
thP peopl e an opportunity to sec how useless
"Well it's against ol'<lcrs :l!ld you tan 't do it."
ar·e
thPSl'
millionaire gambling houses. May tMy
" But suppose I hold· a private me eting--what
lll'\'Pt'
reopen.
th e n ~"
0
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W
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�The Western Co mr a de
.8
BUFFOONS AND BLUFF
and book them on ome dinky charge of violation of
a
illy. ordinance.
:"\L Y a few weeks ago the newspapers were
howling hoarsely in the morning and sobbing
There i a good sugl?estiop in amending our natlwmselw·s to sleep each night hecause whoever r ep- tilioal constitution so as to include thi new crime
resr·nted :\Tex if·o had not saluted the American flag.
of "v~rbc!l trea on." · It only take about thirty
A<·<·o rclin~ to these chadh:mds the national. honor
years to amend that sacred cript. But then, while
was I!Oi ug to IIf' sm irched· or smooched o·r ,something
if someone didn't fire twenty-one guns and do a we were about it we could remoYe that inhibition
genuflc·x ion or say eeni, mecnie, m iny. mQe or some- · that .says "no attainder of treason hall work corrupthing.
tion of bloofl." That ought to be dissected· out durw,.JJ, Ilu<·r·ta clirl n 't do it or say it or a nything. ing ·the adn'linistration of anesthaesia. Then perTfrn• w<· ar·c moping about as if \\·e wen· suffering haps, we ca n hoth "holt" and "curb " those "guilty
from t h<' poll c•v il or· the pip. It eosts a few million of uttera nces." Jt's wot·th trying, anyway.-G. E. B.
dollars an<l a dozr·n li n·s to mak e a nation redieulOIIs- hut it fumishrd som e· good eopy fo r· uxtr·ys.' '' GR:EA~ DETECTIVE " CANNED
F.E.W
g \\'SPAPER writers haw ee1·tain sourcef> of
.
copy that arc valuable to t hem-individuals
ON THE DOME OF HEAVEN
who are s ure to stand fo r any sensational dope the
Xl>EH th<> rcs(•n·ation of t he r·ight to disagrl'e speeial wri tPrs nntv spring as dull day stories. Burns
\\'it h 1' \'<' ry hody, inl'lucling rny!'wlf. I am iu- lJUilt up a reputation on this sort of slush. His
t·lint·d to t·r·it it·isc I he m·tid c on Vf'rhal Trt'liSOII hy homhasti t talk and lim eli ght methods appealed to
Irornt·r ('onst;urtirw in this issuP of t hr· \\"estP rll ('om- 1he imagination of rnorbi<1 r eaders. His popularity
r·ad<·.
with the n e w~pape rs prevented any wid espread publl1· has trPatcd a sr r·iou s suhjed in a li!!lrt and li city wh en th e Internat ional Association of Chiefs·
frintlous mann er. Chil'[ ('harlr·s RPI,Hstiiln rna~· he of Policr firrd the •·• gr eat d etcctiYe" from th eir orri!!ht .
ganization. OJ'der·cd him to remoYe their insignia
~omPonc may he committin g Yer·hal tn·wwn . \Yh o
from his lett erhead. Dur·ing th e course of proceedknows 'I True, th ere is no s u<·h cr·irn e in th<· lon g ){<;t ini!S Bnrns was mercil essly flayed by the police
of mari-made crimes. But th Pn, wr· 1·an rnak r any- <·hirfs who told of tlw labor-hatin g sleuth's methods
thing a crime by wl'iting it in ink in a hoo k. :\lay of peddlin g stories to the n ewspapers for the purpose
·
I SUI!~est that as a much more practicable \\·ay than o f a11Yertising ]Jimself.
to writ e it "across the dome of th e American heavens
In p ersonal mann er Bums has sought to appear
in letters of fire."
to have ahout th e same degree o f polish and cul' g treaso n in Los ture as the aver age p olice officer. Five minutes'
Jf th ~ rc arc p ersons committin
Angrles every night, why do not t he author·itiPs ar- ronversation ·w ith him disclose his mann ers and
r est them and prosecute t hem FOR TREASON.
mental achievements to be about those of the raceT here should be no d ifficu lty. Th e constitution track to ut and his speech of a character to disgust
call s for two witnesses. Any two polieemen will suf- anyone w ith 1he slightest instincts of d ecen cy.
fi ce. Or, p erchance, the vil e w t·etch may eomply w ith
Th e infamy of th e Burns methods r ep eatedly has
th e other t erms and confess in OPEN COURT. No been exposed by t he la ha r press but the c&pitalist
t h ir·d degree confessions will serve.
puhlieations >viii mer ely lie low and wait for th e no·wm t he Chief do th is? Probably not. Jt wo.uld tor·ious . faker to come back wi t h some sensational
he a b r each of et hics. You see it isn 't·done . Th e story. of his wonder ful rx ploits and h e will be downmethod is to arrest those guilty of this hig h cr ime stag<'. in the spot li!!ht , and happ?. -F. E. W .
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U
N
�Tbe West .e r n Com r a d e
9
Co-Operation a Necessity
· · By JOB HARRIMAN
0 TAT.; systems and institutions reproduce themselves, grow, bear their fruit
and decay, following a course similar to
the plant in the process of reproducti~nAt t he t ime of its greatest vitality ·the
seed puts forth the sprout and roots, then
dies and passrs away. The sprout and
r oots mature, som etimes the same, but
oft tirn Ps only similar· to , 'the parent seed. When ~
plant is in full bloom th e ,\·ind or th e bee, or some
ot Jtp r· nwsspng(•t· cnrri Ps tht> poll e>'n and d ~ftly mixes it
wit lr th e pollen of kindred
pl;~nt s, fru ctifyin g and injf'l'! ing- n e W (•] (' IIH'II1S i11!0
th e hahy seed. These new
(•l••11wnts are infiltr·ateJ
t hro11 gh th e spr·out or·
plarlt and into th e sl't'd of
th•· 111 ' \\' plant whidt h c•·o nws t It t> child of two va ri eties.
Tim e after t ime this
pr·or-r.ss is repeated until
t h(• vn r·icty is so chnugcd
that almost all th e t:har·aderistics of th e original
fr·uit disappcar·s .. lt is a
long and var·ied road from
tl11)
era b apple to t lt e
.Jonathan and t he Roman
B auty. So also was it a
long and varied road
fr·om t he humble · church
of t he day of Christ and
Pt>tcr· and Paul with no
place to lay their heads·
apd no security from the
Roman arms, to the gr eat
ath dral where the poor
and distres ed may not nt r but where the rich in
th ir gaudy attire, find
Harry Rob i nson,
r epose mid rapturou mu·i nnd OD<Y uarded with bayonet and shell.
Tim aft r tim through many (l(!nturies, new int r r t (n w pollen, if you please) were injected and
new charaeteri tie were produced until the church of
m
the poor and meek and lowly has be n in many citie
and countrie , gansformed into •the church ot the rich
the arrog~t and the haughty. Were the name removed no ·Ol!e }Vonld ever susp'e ct that these wonderful
cath drais had · sprung from such. an humble origin or
that the haughty and arrogant rich were making themselves . belie~~ that they were worshipping the most
humble of tnen.
'fbis great instit~ ion did not die, but like the ~eed
repro~uced 'itself, .being varied from time to time by
the newly inject ed elements before the get·m lo t its
vitality and passed ~tw~y.
The same truth appears
in the rise of our present
commercial system from
the ruins of the F udal
system. The sprout and
root of commerce sprang
out of the barter and
trade carried on in villages or com,om!les and
gradually developed, u nd e r g o i n g modification
after modification according to the interests
br ought to play upon it,
until t here now stalks up
and down t he earth the
most gigantic. or ganized
power, Capitalism, that
the world ~a,s ever known.
Feudalism lived until
commercialism b e came
. strong enough to sap its
heart's blood, destroy it
and cast away the old
shell.
In the very womb of
this gigantic p9wer . of
Capitalism there is now
beginning to. grow the
sprouts and roots destined
head mach i nist.
to produce a new seed.
J'he pollen of a new interest already has been mixed
with that of the Capitalist system. _ The process is still
going on.
Here and there and everywhere are found large in-
�, ](I
The
·w estern
dustries where thousands of human beings exert all
energy; during long hours every day, producing
many times more than sufficient to generate the energy
th<:>y expend, hut receiving barely enough for subsistence, whi le t lw residue not onl.y .keeps the idle owners
in luxury. hut even accumulates, multiplying th eir
pow er· and making possible greater tyrannies.
. Th<:> luxuri es thus accumulated fall to the lot of on e
class while the burd en of producing them fall upon the
ot lt rrs. Thl· fP.w with th ei-r million of dollars and the
millions with their few d~l
laJ·s. £nd th emselve;; b'ound
together in th e same in.ilustr·ies, yet each class is at per-'
mancnt WM with the other.
Two
confl icting inter ests
stl'i,·e for· control, eac h fructifying and modifying the
inclustt·y. It is from these
grc·a t industries that our
n ew institutions spring and
hy which . om· old ones ar·e
recast nnd thE'ir cha r·actcrs ·
mod ifi ed. It is in the industries that the nation's Yitality tente rs as it is in the
seed that the plant's Yitality
l'entrr·s. Thr·y are alike the
prouucts of the past and
alik e they are the parents of
the th in gs to come. The seed
"Mathematician" is
and the institutions do not
the name given the
die until they send forth
champion buck of
the Belgian hare
roots
and sprouts containing
colony'. H a r per
the clements.
says they are the
most rapid multi~ e ither will the Capite1list
pliers in the val ley.
system di e until the indus't r·ics from which it dmws
.su hsist arH·r• shal l ha n• first he en tra\ rsf'omwd into coopera tin• (•ntc rprises.
~heir
Comr ad e
It is because of its superior effic iency, and not its
superior power, that capitalism is abie to dominate
our industries and to determine the characteristics of
our institutions.
It has ever been the custom of tyrants to forge on
until they have driven the millions to the £eld of battle where their irresistable power overcomes all amid
terribl~ slaughter. This ver·y cataclysm is now gqing
op in ur sister r epubli c of Mexico.
.
Sha.Jl. we sit blindiy by and await the hour of desperation 1 In such time men organize around military
supplies, but in times of peace men organize around
t he means of · subsistenc-e. -ln 'Yat· the chief end is
d~st ·uetion. In peace pr·oduction and construction
lead tl .e way.
·
'rhat th e ·workers must capture the power of governnient is admitted, but our· problems will not bp
soh·ed by that alone.
Jn California the Socialist Party has -100,000 Yotes
and yet '\re ar·e weak \V e were unable last year; to
support the ablest propaganda crusade that ever appcare'cl in any state. Our mo ,·ement is a gateway
through which thousands pass eac h year. They join
our par·t_v, tarry hut a momrnt and are gone. \Ve have
Jt is by our· industr·ics that om· futur· c " ·illlw larg<'ly
determined. ·whi ch interest within the industry is the
most eflieie nt, is th e· question.
·
No douht a t housa rHl Pnrployes possess fm· more
power· than do t he own ers of a great factor~·- l n the
absenrl' of ext mn cous intluenccs the contest would b e
quickly se ttl ed o n a firld o[ hattie . But, also, the rx t.raneo us in flu C' nce plays its part. Capital is qu ickly
mobilized. Taxrs arc paid, armies are c_a lled forth
with shot and sht>ll , and th e hi g hest degree of effiC'ienc~'
is ma nif:estcrl by the minor power·, whil e the millions·•of
hum a n heings, en gaged in various industries, and from
whom all sot: ial p ower flo" ·s, a r c scattered and inefficient a nd I'rmam a r opr of sand un ab le to mohili ze.
Almonds are alluring to the ch i ldren. A dozen varieties of"
fruit grow in th is orchard, but the youngsters prefer the
milky almonds. The ho r ticulturist at Llano del Rio Colon)(
will make a study of how to make almonds a success every
year. At present, almond growing is not a suc~ss in the
colony.
�11
The Western C o .m r a de
no commissary and no means by which this army that
comes and goes ca,n produce a commissary. They are
compelled to enter the industries of the capitalist class.
Little effort is being made to develop their own industries. The same is true of the labor unions though to
a smaller extent because greater adva:n~ages to the
individual are afforded by their organization.
.
The labor unions, and the Socialist, or working
crass party, are necessary, but they alone are not sufficient. Our social problems never will be solved by
them alone. No organization h'as or ever will develop
great persistence and cohesive power except it possess
the source of its own food supply. The efficiency of th~
capitalist class is det·ived from the power to control
the- social commissary and the means of producing tt.
Th e capitalist r eaps .his greatest 'economic reward as
an individualist. He employs the means of production
with which to absorh the energy of the workers. Hence
the conflict.
Th e worker and the employer cannot be economic
than would their individual efforts were they not associated. Hence the vital, persistent urge toward cooperation among the workers even within the 'capitalist
Big Rock Creek at intake main ditch, Llano del Rio Colony.
'
Photog,:..ph taken July 4, 1914.
industries. It is this urge that must find v~nt . in cooper.ative e~terprises or militarism wiU coerce the
worker in .our present industries into a form or slav- .
ery-witJ;Iess Calumet, the West Virginia coal strike,
the RockefelLer horror of Colorado.
· Capitalism will not die and make way for co-operati \'e enterprises. But co-operative industries must first
he developed which, by virtue of their superior efficiency, :will survive and cliange the characters of our
industries. Co-operation with all it means to the
human race will never materialize if it waits · for the
fun et'al of the system that stands in its. way.
'l'he liberty that is received as alms is unworthy of
the beggar. It is. a ·matter of conquest and not of alms.
Conquest by superior efficiency ,over our present system
will bring new institutions.
.
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In the alfalfa. John Richards was an indoor man and a skilled
.worker. At the Llano del Rio Colony he\ is at the head of
the hay squad. He doesn't care how the others work, but
if any husky and seasoned rancher tries to keep up with
him he will have to "go some."
fri~nds nor can the employer be the economic.Jriend of
any other employer engaged in the same industry.
They are at war with each other for the market and
at wa r with the workman for the lion 's share of the
product. Each forces the other ever on into the battle.
·The worker alone can be an ec9nomic friend to the
worker . H e wishes only to live and to live well by the
fruits of his effort. He wants nothing from his neighblor. However, he has learn ed that the fruits of h~
own labor and that of his n eighbor are tremendously
multiplied through their united efforts. They have
learned that their joint effort yields far greater return
'l'he lndustrial Relations Commission will find some
interesting gleaning if it will go back over its own
pathway. Since Alba Johnson, president of the Bald·win Locomotive \Vorks, made his statement to the commission that his company did not discriminate against
1 nion men, sixteen hundred union work~rs, ~ho declined to renounce their organization arid wear buttons inscribed "Faithful," were dismissed. Only men
who acted as strikebreakers during the strike were
honored with buttons.
Union without knowledge is useless.
without union is powerless.
,
Knowledge
�'
The Western Comrade
12
The Lynching X
r.~~:=!:~~~~ T WAS late in the forenoon of a midNovember morning~ Th e snn, r.h~gh
high in .a perfect sky, haq not yet dissipated completely the sharpness of a
twenty-five-hundred-foot altitude from
the rare morning air.
Four young g irls, dressed in cling·
ing gn rm ents of light t exture enid ell lor,
were c]u!;t er ed in tile f:pnciou·s bay window of a green
shuttPrPtl white house isolated on the apex of. a. ~rassy
ln10ll OYPrlool;ing th e littl e mountain town of Tou lon.
· · ·, \Vithin th P rnom, as Sl'<~IIH'tl hrfittin g the orehru- 111<e
hHy in tht• window. and the eolorful t h ough sonr• •what
· 1 t
ga r·ish fm·n islr i ngs. was an· a 1nrost trop1ca elllpcnt-
.
J .
t tH'I' . A rol~·- poly hl ond of perhaps twenty held a pair
of higlr -plm!'r(•(] fit·ldglasses to her eyt>s. tensely w··~ring- down a <·r·oss-strPd to whrre a growing mob was
millin~ aho11t a sqnat , ir·on-doorNl stmeturc "·ith one
hPavil? harn·d "·imlO\\'. ,\ft<'r a lon g silcnrC' a t:!l l,
tH\\"Ilj'- llftil·cd and llll~U]at· girl , who \\'lJS Jrol.iing 1:-.ad;:
the ri 1·h ]:1('<' l'Hrtains, drawl Pd out impatient!~-:
" \\'hrt all's goin' on )fad ge 9 \\'('ai n't no mindr·, ·adrrs. ·'
, ' Torn's just <·ornin' out of Darmel 's. 'noss from the
jnil~'· ,·r· rtttll'l'cl the girl with th e glasst>s. sn<ldenl~' finding tOJJf!U<'.
'" ('o's1• \r e all is jnst <lyin ' t' find out ' hont Tom. ''
said th(· first spral<1:1', with fine sar!'asm, "ain't WC'.
St0ll a '1 "\in't wP. ,Josil' ?" shP co n~:lml cd , gushing-ly.
Tlw otlrrt· t\\'O gigglrd ~)tPir appreciation: Stella
qui<·kly cpr .. srioned in a mol lifying t one :
"Ai n 't they g-ot him out yrt, )fad g('?''
"Not ~· ..t ," -:\l a(lgc assured her , with a qnper ca teh
in lr er \'Oit·l'. "Some man 's standin' on a hal'l'el in
fr'ont of th e jail door talkin ' io the crowd. "
" f.;lrcri ff. fr·om Sonot·a," opine<l .Josie. " Big-. tall
tl!Hll w it h !t r aY)' mustaphe ?"
"Yes... assrntrd llfadgf', rx<·itedly. "lie shot into
tlw air I
~fax :rot him ft·om ht'lrind ~
ThPy got his gun! ITc"'s down , " ·ith a crowd on hirn!
Thry 'r c tyin ' him- or somethin'- "
"\Vho, Max ?" snapped tlt t> tawny-hairrd gil'l,
snatching th e g ln sses and anxiously sut·Ye~'i n g th e engrossing srrne. After a time she hr·eath ed a sigh of rclief."rrmat·kin g aR she r elinfJnish ed tl~ glassrs to )fadgr, ·
"\Yt>ll, he's all right! " Th r n, li ghtly, " Th ey got the
sh<:'t·iff and the constabl e both lock ed up in jail an' th'
·nigger on th e r oad to glor·y !"
..,
Awed to si lE"n cc, the girls gazed altcrnatl'l.v through
the binoculars at th r hhw"lnTmss of the mob as it moYecl
across th e town toward thr edge of the wood.
By
A. F. GANNON
"I wonder where Ann Thornton is 7" mused Josie in
a subdued tone.
"She's the girl, ain 't she 1" Stella half whispered.
"\Vhat kind is she-Y"
";A re·gular little mouse, 'fraid of her shadow.
Pretty as a ricture, though," admitted Josie.
.
"Just the ki-n d those niggers like," commented the
tawny-haired girl.
"Did slw identify him Y" queried Stella.
"I g'.uess not . '' Josie replird. "Harry told me she
was t oo hyster_ieal last night. H e ~aid t he posse got
this one .half way to Sonora-an' g oin'. The 9ther suspects proved alih.is. "
"They ' rc stonin' him-the-the-cowat·ds! '·' cr·ied
-:\Tadge:
'
"But look a' what he done!" protested Stella.
" I cmt't see; you take them, Stella," pleaded
)f_a dge, rPlinquishing the glasses, "an' 'l'orn needn't
II C\ 'Cl' COrne 'round me any mor·e," she finish ed, sobbing.
"Boo-hoo!" mocked the tawny-hait·ed girl. "Big
black nigger didn't never do nothin' t' nobody!"
Punc:tuatecl by orcasiona l sobs frem the ten d el'll('nrtcd :i\Tadge, Stella proceeded:
"They're argpin' about somethin'
There 's
a fight!"
After a long pause, "The bunch
that 's fightin' is separatecl from the oth er
I
t·an't src very well, but I think the others are puttin'
the rope on the nigger-yes, they're pullin ' him up
in t hat hig oak tree!
Now they'r e shootin'
at him, I gurss, I can see littl e puffs o' smoke over the
heads o' the crowd .
The figl1t seems to be
O\'l't'
Lot'~ o ' thrm arc leavin' an' comin'
t O\\·anls to\\·n.
Ugh! " she shuddered, after
tire lapse of' a fe"· minutes, " ·h en she ag-ain Yiewed the
srene with th e glassPs._ "They'r e all gone, an' the niggrr· is han gin ' t here alone! Ugh! "
Unknown to the girls, through a Joor on the oppositc f'idr of the room, th ere ent ered a woman of forty
whose unimpassioned eyes and hard lips beli ed the volnptnous t lll'Y CS of her well-nourish ed and cleverly
gowned body. For a minute she stood ankle-deep in a
costly ru g before she spok e :
" }.fadg1', qnit your sniYeling! Josie. I want you to
p11t on yom· open-work waist and help me behin!l th e
har·. Lots of thosr men will be up here in a little while,
:wrl thry " ·ill '"ant-entertainment. And you, Slim,"
to the ta ,my-hairrd g-i rl , "for the love of Lucre, get
ehippPr and r hPrr th ese g it·l'> up, or I'll haw to send to
thr Bigt0\\'11 fot· a hun1·h of C"a nar~· s and ditch you hootO\Yls! ''
�T h e W .e s t e r n C o m r a de
13
~==W orkers!=~•l!JIII
By EDGCUMB PINCHON
I.
Work er·s! Labor crea t e!' all values.
This Yaunf<'d Capital your masters prate about is but
the accumulated unpaid wages of workers dead
and damned in slawry.
Thr WPalth of this wid l' world is wrought by You,
was PY<>r wrought h~- Yon. is wholly wro~ght by
You;
.-\nd it shall he enjoyed hy 'You whensoever you will
- in Brotherhood of' Lnhor·, joyous, fr·l'e, forever
a ntl forevrr.
Yottr· r <>YC r·en N'cl S~atc·-~·our Gon~rnment is hut the
oq:ranizat ion of thr mn!>t(Ts.:_to rob you.
lt hl'long-s not to yn u-tlPlutll'u one's! lt is the lega lizrd \·iol Pncr of thP ~lnst e r·s against you.
H.
T'·•· \·ast magieal madtiru·s whit"h elothe ami f<.'ed the
\rorld- t.lre machines at 'dridt y ou toil that you
tlt:ty li\'e-thc nuH:hinPs cr eated by Labor's gcltius, prr·feet<'<l hy Labor's patience, tended by
Lal•or's t"arr, built by I,abor's energy and Labor's
unpaid "·agrs-Th r~· HI'<' not your~'>: Th<'y are
your TITasfprs' in right of might!
.\nd owning th<'m, the ~Tastf•rs own your Br·ead-and
1hus your GovrrnnH'nt. your Pr·pss, yom· Clmr·ch
- your· sinew, intcll('d anrl soul!
Y\'a 1 All society is hut onr giga.nti•· or·ganizcd conspiracy to dclu<lP you-k<'cp you dnmh and tam e,
and thus enslave you and st eal the labor of your
hands.
.\n· you cont ent that this should he?
lt is enough . It is the pow<.' r that creates all values
-the power that. built the world.
''hall you yield it up as slaves-this mighty power· this lioly power?
·
O{shall you-banded iJl Brotherhood-use it to cre·ate ·all' values for yourselves?
.........___...
v.
Are ~ou content to crawl in slavery-yea, to beg the
masters to use you, to rob you-that you may live
to be used .and robbed again?
If you ar·e content.: If there be no clamor in you to
O\..-n the labor of your hands:
lf you love your chains and dare not dre.a m . on audacity: ,
1f you- weaYing fine fabrics are content to be.
c·lothed in rags:
If you-cn,n-ing great palaces are content to live in
hovels:
lf you-creating vast universit ies of knowledge are
content to remain in ignorance:
1f you-garnering huge harvests are content to go
ill-fed:
lf you all are content to build yom masters' Templ e
with your bones, cement it with your souls, wash
it with your tears, and paint it witl1 your blood:
If you all arc content to be the unnurtured, ignorant,
nnlovely, stuntrd slaves you are!·-1'11<'n is Salvation dead- th<.'n is th e Universe a lie !
And all the poverty, ni.iscry, insanity and injustice
tit(• masters cnn h<'ap upon you is justly yours .
•
III.
Th(' pow er of yonr hands . and brains to labor is a ll
you own.
\
It is enougl! . It is th e. powrr which r r ratPs all \· ;~ 1ll('S- the powf't' whir h hnilt th e \Yorld.
Ts th <' silkrn rohr my Lnd? 'n~a rs more \\'OI'th than
th e cocoon ?
Ts thl' mnmmoth <'ngine thundering upon its glist ening tracks more worth th~HJ the rou g h ore :whcnPe
it was wrou ght ?
Y ('a, it is more " ·orth- a hundred times more worth!
That worth was mad e h~r You!
\\'ho takes th e incr ease?
Your masters tak e th e incr l'ase, and fling you hackenou gh to feed you for· their usc again .
IV.
Th ~ power of your han rls and hrains to labor is all
y ou own;
.
VI.
Rut if ~· ou fire not content : 1f in you yet lives some
!,"leam of the divine' audac·ity of Christ, who
preached th e Li-berty of every human soul, who
<;tourg<'d th P Exploiters in the T emple, who
poured upon the Masters his devastating wrath,
who alon<'. unaid ed, ddicd the iron hand of Rome
and died-- a man-fl Conrtu ct·or :
If you he sue h :
Ifyou br men- and daring to he men are alr·eady bec·Oillf' H eroes- t he Ravior- Fathcrs of the \Vorld:
If y ou he wom en-a nd daring to be women a r·c alrPady become Hrr·oin cs-th c Savior-Mothers of
titf' \\'oriel:- .\rise in your might!
Th<· Il oly Spirit of Liberty shall de~ccnd upon you
in Living Flame;
That Li\·ing Flamf• ~hall swerp f rom pol e to pol e;
�The Western Comrade
14
·Dead souls that never knew the taste of Joy shall
stir, shall wake, shall leap alive:
Tlie \Vorld 's ablaze! The Conflagration's on!
Yea, this is the ~lillenium spoken of by Christ !
The Masters shall be cast to utter . darkness;
Labor, beloved of th e Lord, shall stand forth in the
Eternal Day.
, Arise! Arise ! and claim your joy! Lay hold upon
your Victory!
Th e chains that hind yon-did you but know it-are
wisps of straw;
A Million Dollars a ~ear
"I
;ay H. J.
BarreU
EAH:-.< $1,000,000 a year," triumphantly announces Geraldine FaT-rar (get the accent ) "and
I 'd nt•\'(•r marry a 1nan who earn ed less.'' So the1·e
,vou are-puts us ri ght out of the running. No wonder
we 're peeved.
But w•· think that th e fair Geraldine Fat·-mr is in
<'l'l'or. fTlw old man 's nam e was just plain FarrarliP n·ally earned his Ji,·ing as a train conductor ) . She
gets $1,000,000 a year. But does she earn it?
No, my friends , that $1,000,000 is em·ned quite
s0111e distan e~ from tht· Jf(•tJ·opolitan opera house. It's
)!OU~t>d from the mill opPratins of La\\Tenee and Fall
Hi ver, who receive a W•!eldy wage of $7 .!30; from th e
lllilll'I'S of }fichigan, who rr,c<)ive $2.35 a day for wo1·k
unde1· th e surface; _from the 8,000,000 children in the
>:outht>rn cotton mills ; from th e millions upon millions
of hrow-beaten toilers all ovrr onr contin ent who reI'Cive, in this, the riclwst nat ion on tlw gloh e, a n avera ge
wngc of $11 per week.
It would he too mueh to ex pect hmins iu the
f'l'anium of a prima donna. But th e less thr fair Gr1·aldine talks about that !J;l,OOO.OOO n year just now the
longer she 'II he getting it.. ·w e're hreom in g slightly
\\'eary of this sort of thing.
There's a' certain clement of grotesque humo1· iu
the sit uation f1·om tlte fnct that th e p eople " ·ho pay
th e $1,000,000 :mnnally to hear her sing would, if they
were frank with the;nselves, walk ten miles to avoid
the experience. Thq haw nhout as much real appreci:ltion of music as J.P. 1\forgan did qf art. Which wasn't
much.
------Germany has a plan to rlecla;e the oil industry t~.
government monopoly. The Standard Oil has started
a move to p1·oteet its $1G,OOO,OOO interests in tl].e
Fatherlnnd. The statr department of the Unitei
States has gone t.o the r~scue and will demand adeqnntt> reimhnrsement for :i\Tr. Roc1<efeller.
The State that towers abon:- you-did you but .know
it-is a house of cards;
'fhe masters whom you fear and obey-did you but
know it-are frightened babes.
The Universe is with you! The Fiat of the Lordthe Great Communal Soul of man-is with you!
Arise !-Rebel!
Throw down your tools, step forth, stand fast, and
with·- one mighty voiee-Demand!
A~d lo ! At the sound of the trump, in the twinkling
· of ~n eye-the W odd is yours!
Arise!·
Power of Prophecy
of incentive is a terrible thing to
D ESTRUQ"I:ION
contemplate. Anything that would make the
working class less eager to cr·eate surplus values is 1
most·undesi rable.
Almost.,.any of the measures proposed by Socialists
would "t·end to decr ease industrial efficiency."
·
1'hi~ hns heen proven so often it is hardly worth
wh ilc to do it again.
·
·Take for instance the public schools. These institutions have dest1·oyrd incenti ve-that is, it was predi ct ed that they would. Listen to the Philadelphia National.Gazette of August 19, 1833:
" On e of th e r·hief excitements of industry
:nuong those r bo;;s ~s (mechanic and otner groups )
is the hope . of ea rning the means of educating
their children. Incr!ntive would be removed and
th e scheme of state education and equal education wonld thus he a premium for comparative
ifll cnrss, to he tal<en out of the pock et of th e
lnhorious and conscientious. We have no confidenc e in any compulso1·y eftualization. It has
lwen well observed thnt it pulls down what is
ahovc, hnt nc;er raises that which is below and
oftrn depresses high and low together beneath
th e level of '.vhat was originnlly the lowest."
Tht' New York Herald has t'ver been a prophet of
grent renmn1. As ·long ago ns August 25, 1833 the
:Homin g Ht>l'nld showed how crlucation would utterly
destroy effic-iency. It bitterly oppo~ed the opening of
publi c schools and declar·ed that
.......
l!nive1·sal equality of edu cation is impossible
if th e trndes, manufactures nnd manual labor are
to hr suetessfully prosecuted, mfless the standard
in education he greatly lowered and narrowed."
This aged and doddering jade is still at it at the
same old stand, chattering and gibbering at all progr essive measures.
Anyway, tlw destruction of incentive and industrial
efficiency is a horrifi c thing to contemplate.-E. d '0.
.
�The Western Comrade-
.
~
Suppressed Senate Document
W
Fifty thou and girls disappear from · their homes
HEN the United State congre ·s appoints a
v ry year.
commis.sion· to investigate coridltions that are
.Municipal Profits
directly traceable to cau es that call for a report showing the evils of the profit system th r e is a strong likeP11ge 31: "During the month ofOetober, 1908, over
lihood that the report will not be allowed to reach $5000 was· pHid into th police fund in Seattle, Wash.,
the public. 'l'he following supp essed report brings a fin · .hY pro titute wom n-each·woman being fined
out one fact with great clearness-W01\TEN ARE EX'10 a month. The same cu. tom obtain in many cities.
PLOITED FOR COMJ\fERCIAJ.J PROFIT. Thus an . Will the profits make the taxpayers -less eager to enimportant fact, long known to and empha ized by the fore the l:r\•11"
~ocialists, 'is given offi ·ial authenticity only to be supOcean Ca~iers and Prostitu~ion
pressed by the UnitC>d States senate.
'Pa .,. 36 : " nder pres nt circum tances it will
oft u pay a team ·hip company financially to take the
From United StatPs Senate document ro. 196, Sixty- :i k of bringing· ov r a: criminal or pro titute first or
fiJ·st congress, second s(•ssion. ".DfPORTING WOllll<JN
econd ela s, taking the risk of their deportation, since
l•'OH BB10TIAL P( HPOSE~," p1·csented by Mr. Dil- if thev can be r eturned to tJ1eir own country a:t steerlingham; suppress<'d and ord<~red not to be printed in ag rar s, a p1t0fit will be made. 'l'hi possibility of
full by majority Yot c of United States senate:
securing a profit from riminals and prostitut s who are
deported shoqld b~ removed."
.
·•
Business Profit
From Homo. . Commission Report (suppressed),
l'ag<· G: "To th e moti,·e of hnsin e s profit is due
Senate 'document No. 644 :
h<·yond question the impnlsl' which cr ea t es and upholds
Cases ex·a mined .............................................................. 2000
this t1·affic."
B elonging to se1·vant class ............... :............................ 931
H igher P r ofit
Dressmako:t· and seam tresses .................................... 285
Pag<' ]-!: "Ali(•Jl women (who HI'(' already eonJ.Jived with parents or friends ...................................... 499
fi l'lll('d prostitutrs ) "enl<'r this cou.n try. • • • They
Employed ......:.. ,...................... ~ ...........................ftf)mainder
IJP!if'\'P th<·:v ean makt· hig-ht•J' p1·ofits he1·e."
Em·ning only $1 per we k. .. ....... :................................. 534
Young Gir ls Profitable
Earning only '$2 p er week............................................ 336
I'a gr. J 6: "] nnocent young girl. * · * • will last Earning only $3 per· \Vcek ................................. .'.......... 230
loll!-f!' l', and, there fore, he more profitahl<•.''
Earning only $4 per· week ............................................ 127
There a1·e 2\14 widqw · in tl}e general list. The author
Inspections Vary
helil>\'CS tho principle conclusion to be drawn from the
l'age 18 : "Sh re\\'d impMters do not usually bring
t::~hl<' is that a majority of this class (widows) are
:ili<•n \rom en and girls on third-class tickets, because ·
driven to 11 eou r·se of vice from the destitution ensujug
the inspection of thircl-cln, s passE'mge1·s on hoth railon her husband's death. A large number of them are
l'onds and steamers is stricter th.an that of second-class
v ery young, and it can scarcely be necessary to repeat
and fit.·st-c lass pass0ngeJ·s. although the la" is the same
that ::~ny yonng wom11n in a state of poverty will be
l'or nlf. ''
surTounded
by temptations which she can with difficulty
·commercial Profit
l'<'sist.-Pagc 223.
Pagr 21 : · " '~ • • the motin~ dominating the
It is a sad all(l humiliating admission to make at
fli'OC\li'C•r· and · pimp is . that of commercial profit; the
th!' opc·ni11g of the twcntietll century ..in one , of the
til' t thin()' to he dmw wh n a woman is imported is to
g r eatest ePnt er.· of civilization in th e world that in
11lac heJ' whert • h0 'llrl mak(~ money for him quiekly
num erous instnur es it i!'! not passion or conupt inclinaand plrntifully.'
tion , hut th e forr<' of actual physical want tha.t impels
Police an d P r ost itution
younO' wom<'n along the road to min. Intimate contact
Pag • 27: "':\frlst of thr g-il'ls qu.e tioned by the in trnrment housrs is a prcdispo ing cause to prostitu(·ommi ·ion s ag-ents on this point . aid that payments t'ion.- Pag-e ' 227 llomes Commis. ion Report.
- - -- - - -\\'ere nH:.dc to th e poli(·•· to in ·u re their prot tion· from
__ L nt<' return show_ Tcw York state l1as 30,000 lunatoo hcquent arre. 1'>. '
Pn ge 2 : '
~ •. •
the exploitation of women tie. and 30,000 fecbl0-minded persons. ~This is the state
in a ginn locality HI any particular tin1e i. cont1·olled thP.t Plrds mani!l c · to the Fnited States congr s and
therP s<'f'ms to he no paucity of material.
h~· finnn(·ial politic:ll and . orial condition .. '
.
.
�16
The W ·estern Comrade
California Dry?
Resolved: That the .Enactment of the Proposed Ini
Affirmative:: HERBERT S. CALVERT
0
r.=~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ TIE l'ERJOD of human histor:y eall.ed ..
Capitalism has given b irth to n ew institutions, ideas and commodities. Sc ie'tw e, with •it 's widening ran~ of knowledgr ; moder·n industry with it's effi cient
tools ; pr·<·sent-day agr·iculture with better methods- of · animal br·eeding and
plarrt eultivation, are only a few of the
h<· nefits of ou r· vast co-operative s ocial ho<J,y.
,
But our cap italist society, that gave birth to th ese
h<•nPfits ha s allowec.l to he fasten ed on itseH c r ea t ions
that Hr'P a clPtrirncn t to all of 1rs aild an ov e l'l icaY~·
load for the Yast mrrllhr r of ns who are th e working
class.
T
~oc·i alists r rf'og nize thf' monopoly of th e tools a nd
land hy thr ff' \1' an<l its direc t r esult, the impov~
I!Jt'rrt of th e• marry . as sr1<·h an r•vil. \Vr. kn ow rn·ono l'ol,v is r·c·sponsild <~ for most of t he evi ls existin g in
ou r· soc: iet,V. Suc h soc ial ev ils as a rmeu camps f ill ed
with th e nation 's strongest m en r eady to sh ed each
oth ers hlood ; tlr<· m odc~rn stat e with its brutul ity, hrihr. ry and co r·J·uption; t h e servilr pulpit and _press ~,\-J th
t hc·i r prostitution of men 's minds, the wholesale foster·in g and expl oitation of t h e sex prostitute and the mod<·r·n liquor tr·affic ar·e a ll a part of Capitalism.
Th e workingman is a hum an, with a human or·ganism. His differen ce from .the r emainder of society is
that Ir e works, while t he larger part ,of society works
him .
W hat is the effect of liqu o~ on his working or·ganism ? ' J'h e differ·ent schools of m edicine and hygiene
a r c unanimous in thei r· emphatic d enunc iation of th e
evil r esults of the use of liqu or by any human.
Dr. Lundgren, a leading ph ysicia n of Berlin, says: "It
is difficult to find any part of a confirmed beer drinker's
machine ry that is doing it's work as it should. This is
why their life -cords snap off like glass rods when disease
. or accident give th.e m a blow.
The Scientific American says :~ "It is our obser va- ·
tion that beer drinking in this country produces the very
lowest of inebriety, mostly alive to criminal insanity."
The British Medical Society says : "Ex'periments
show that small quantities of alcohol are injurious. That
it is not a food ... That it increases liability to disease, a nd"
shortens life ; that abstainers do more work, Jive longer,
have Jess sicknes&, quicker recoveries, and that the bodily
functions are better ·performed, in s]lite of delusions to
the contrary."
·
'
•
The late Dr. N. S. Davis of Chicago, the father of the
American Medical Society, says: "! 'proved to my complete satisfaction that alcoholic drinks are poisonous in
the , arne sense as opium, arsenic and chloroform, and
should be sold under the same laws a·s other poisons."
Pr. A. Fore!, professor of ner vous diseases in the
Un ive rsity of Zurik, says: " Alcohol, even when d il uted,
as in . w ine,_ beer and c ider, is a poison which changes
pathologically the tissues of the body and leads to fatty
degeneration ; it also injures the brain by producing paralysis and disarrangement of the funct ion."
.
D;. .J. H. Kellogg, superintendent of Battle Creek Sanit'arium, says : "Experiments upon human beings and
lo wer animals have so greatly multiplied within tbe last
few years that th e effects of alcohol upon thj! health organism are now as well understood as a r e the physiological effects of opium, gtrichnia and other poisons of common use."
H·uxley, the great scientist, was asked if. wine or
s pirits did not enliyen the brain a nd .increa~e. his power
for work a nd thought. H e r eplied: "I would just as s oon
think of taking a dose of arsenic as I would of alcohol."
Jack London, revolution ist. in his book, "'J ohn Barleycorn." places the r esponsibility for drunkenness where
it belongs-on society. He lays the charge squarely in
front of the door of organized society-government, for
the accessibilit~-opportunity.
A Socialist, understanding the influence of environment on th e life of the indiYidual, and knowing the effect of alcohol on th e human or·ganism, will at once consider th e advisability of a ll owing liquor within reach
of any person.
Those who believe in free will and t he Dualistic
tea chin g can trust to a God to protect the people from
the scomgc of !iquor. l\faterialists will wage war
against this even as against those who "by right of
God" own the earth.
Fo1· the gods may forg ive-Nature n ever d.oes .• Science has found that alcohol t ears down faster than nature can r ebuild. So it mu. t go.
But what of the man who wish es to drink d espite
the evil effects ? Who may still d esire to drown his
woes in t he cup of· greater stupification and death. W e
can only r eply that through th e evolu t ion of centuries,
t he right and wrong of all men 's actiops have been slowly built up by the conflict of struggling forces. That
every man 's action and attitude has been modified by
the power h e opposes. If it were nature, man slowly
aligned himself with h er . If man, equilibrium is slowly
ga ined.
(Continued on page 19)
�The We$tern Comrade
11
'
California Wet?
Amendment will be of Benefit to the Working Class
Negative ARTHUR C. FISHER
r=~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
0 CONSIDER a subject of salient _import there ~hat t he social unrest and turmoil which permeate
clearly and fairly, it is well to ask our- the country are in.stituted; it gives an atmosphere of too
sci ,·es certain questions, and answer .. much liberty to the frequenters, in -which th'e y may con'
..
these, our inquiries, as practical results ceive pla:ns for the wrecking of the institutions of our
and fact.s present t he a nswers to our country. . .
.,
.
..
miuds. Th eorizing may play an imDo not.these statements show the intent a nd purpose
portant role in p rophccy ing the r esult of of the 'designers of this p etition ?
unatt empted acts, but where particular
On very infrequent occasions t hey (the propon.e nts)
and peculiar effects are t he r esult of a certain cause or voice a remar\ concerning the deaths caused by alcoliol.
t·a uses, these cfff'cts form t he best evidence of the In this connection they do not mention the fact t hat
adaptabil ity of th e cause to th e conditions under which Maine had more ·deaths p er capita from alcohol and
it s ma nifest l'ffects wer e produced.
more arrests fqr drunker-mess than any so-called liqubr
LPst \\' (' d igr·ess f rom the su bjcct let us r emember state; ·they do not t ell of t he atrocities perpetrated in
that t he h<:"ndit to t he working class is the chief factor t he South by p ersons crazed t hrou gh the use of cocaine
in t he nq~urn c nt , nnd voice t he inquiries, t he answers and blind-pig whisky; they do not mention the fact that
to w hieh will g ive th e most impartial and practical t he negligence of the railroads kills nine times as many
analysis of t he subject.
people yearly as alchohol. Nor do they remark on those
Th e questions appearing th e most esseutia l to the killed in mines, shops and factories, nor touch on the
consideration of the subject are :
means of r ectifying these wrongs. Is there anything
1. \V as th e measure conceived and proposed by connected with th eir assertions and intentions designed
rnem hers of the working class for the benefit of the to assist and benefit the working class 1
workin g class 1
The two r emaining questions rriay be r eadily
2. Have measures of a similar nature enacted un- answered togeth er: A review of the prohibition communities as r egards th e benefits accruing to the working
der similar conditions been a benefit to the working
class and a comparison with " liquor " communities.
c lass ~
J,et us take fo r example t he State of·Maine. Dur3· Does a comparison of prohibit ion communities ing th e years in whic'h prohibition has been in effect she
with '',wet'' com munities reve~,tl the working class in a has been th e most stagnant state in the Union as regards
hettcr condition , or in a fair way of bei~g in a better · social progress. Education is an insignificant factor in
condition, in th e latter or in the former ?
the affairs of the people and the social revolution is a
To the first ·of these questions the answer "No" nullity. r~aboring conditions and wages are entirely unseems so evident as to need little explanation. Suffice controll ed by the working class and labor r etrogressed.
it to state that the measure was fram ed by capital with
Let us consider Georgia: Nowhere on the face of
its right hand ally, the cimrch, for th e benefit of capital the earth is child life more ruthlessly exploited 'and chiltthrough the same right-hand ally. To prove this asser- dren ground into dividends in the capitalist mills. Piction the statements of the proponents of the measure ture children working twelve hours a day; imagine the
are the clear est proof. The r efrain of their arguments, workers unorganized and uneducated in the.i r own beas evidenced in th eir pamphlets and tracts, runs as fol~ . half, conceive the working class practically at the mercy
lows : The saloon is the enemy of the church; were the of the capitalist, and you see the prohibition State of
saloon destroyed the church would redeem the w!lyward Georgia.
and secure its old-time hold on the minds of the sinners,
Now turn your eyes for a moment to two states
bringing them back to a state of contentment with their ·- which have the r eputation of ):>eing exceedingly
earthly lot in anticipation of eternal salvation. Or:
The saloon is the breeding place . of discontent; it is
(Continued on page 19)
T
�18
Tbe Western Com1ade
Sculpture In the
Twentieth Century
By FRANK F. STO E
NOTE; The following article by Mr. F rank F. Stone, embodying .a · progressive a.rtist's views of what he conceives will be the dom i nant note of twentieth century sculpture, was written in connection with the admirable full - page
picture of one of Mr. Stone's most notable creations, entitled "The 'Ag.ony of the Ages," which appeared some time ago
in the Weste rn Comrade. Like · some other piecea of work by th is well-known English sculptor now a resident of the
Pacific Coast, this work is symbol ical. Accompanying the picture · Mr. Stone presented the following descriptive vers.e
together with some notes as to the picture:
"
"The age-long, blind, dumb agony of life
Gave - glorious Knowledge birth; then pain and · strife
T-:>ok meaning, and to Knowledge Love -was born:
Lo.ve that is wise to will and to foresee
Suffering's assuagement in the Time-to-be."
In the work the gallows and the axe stand for all that .part of human misery which has its sou rce in the punishment idea, which has cursed humanity throug h the centuries ; · "while there it a deliberate meaning," writes Mr. Store,
"in the fact that I have hung the scales of Justice to the gibbet. The sca!e weighed down by the handle-end of the sword
of Justice and the book of the law itself, figures, of course. the v i rtual presumption of guilt against the victim. Knowledge turns her back on the worship of gods (Jupiter and the tables of sacrifice ). Love tu rns her back upon the lmple-.
ments of war."
This sculptural work was one of the attractive features of · the Alaska- Yukon Exposition, at Seattle, and was
awarded a gold medal. Mr. Stone, like the eminent Professor John _W ard Stimson, the late Will iam · Morris and other
prominent artists, poets and art critics. is a progressive Socialist and ·has been touched with the twentieth century
hum<tnitarian and progressive spirit to such a degree that life and art hold newer and grander meanings for him than
they hold for masters to whom the broader, grander and nobler vision was not vouchsafed .
EDITOR OF THE WESTERN COMRADE.
II E ~EVE HE r·,•st ri<·t i \'<' lim's of tradition,
ns to jHst " ·hat the artist may or· may
n ot do in .!'Xpr·essil!g' himself thnn•gh tlw
plast i(· m<·din , m·r happily falling away,
or· fll'l'haps one should say at:e being
holdly sd nsid<~ , and the cold , chaste refirwrn(•nt of'' pun· l'or·m ' ' is giving pla ce
to 11 rnodt> of <·xpr·pssion mor·c inf'ormt·tl
with motive, thought and nction of a communnl signifi<•anee. Less ot' th<· Ya~rariPs of Olympian gods, more
of th a prohlrmR of tlw mnn on th e strectl this, to put
it br·oadly, will lw found , he11eath howRocver much of
artistic· rl'fi nrrnpnt a n<l iclC'a I izHtion, to he a master· note
of twPntirth c·rntnr·y sndptllr'<'.
Seu lpttll'al rxprcssion ·is warming to life <lllcl meaning und pr· tiH' inspit·llt ion ot' :1 nobl er. saner and mor·e
~Hl'llPSt cotwc·ption of hnman rrlations. H ero worship,
of t hc' old , \' i<•iOliS. indi\ irln a listiP type. is dying OUt
" ·it h the hroadrning' of human ]mow ledge and the consrquctit det>prning- of human sympntl.ly; and "socialistic· f-Culpt lll't> .. hnR hrrom c a pln·asr which, inasmuch
liS it c•o ,·c•rs a somrwhat '"ide raugc of subjects, all
morr or· le!':s inYoln'<l in this ne" d epal'tur e-the art of
ideas ns eli. t-inct f t·om t he art of pure line mer elyt•xprcsse fai r·]~' w r ll the spirit of the new eonceptnn ickal " ·hich w r hold will mm·r a.i:Jcl more expres. it-
srlf m humanistic· ·rnoti\'(' a nd ·inspiration as the cent ur_v a ch-ances.
In passin g T ""Ottld not.• one t enden cy very per·niC"iou s !n m:v judgment. though born probably as a
r·c·<H·tion from th e extreme .in the opposite direction .
l rl'fer to th e hPrcsy that lws lwromc exceedingly common of late, which assnmrs that to finish 11 piece of
!';t:nlpttll'P is to spoi l it. 'J'hat motive aud id ea in c•ulptur·e tnn t'\'c•r· r r ncl ~ r it incl ep<' ntl ent of form or· gr·ac<>
of lin<' a nd f•onto ur, is an ah ·urd assumption; ancl it is
extrrmc·ly donhtful if mnclt of the rudirn cutar·y,
s ket r: h~· work whi ch todny com mands acceptan ce
thrmr)!lr th e association of some gr·eat nam e. will lw
,·ic\Hd h~· lat er gen erations as more than the rudc>.
un ro nth and unfinished expcr·imeutal sket·r· h-\\'o r·k
·" ·lri c!J it renlly il:'. Tinr c, lrO\\·Hrr, will douhtless ri ght
this 'noll ~. ;:r nd in 111? judgment the sculptural :u·t,
together " ·ith hl'r sister· arts, will , with the advan ce of
th e h\·entieth centur·:v, hrcomc largely, p erhaps almost
entirely, d.iYorrcd from that relation to. commet·cialism which inf·rcasingl:v, as capitalism nears its cl imax ,
tend. to corrupt the artistic method, to pervert its
.ideals and to discourage its most conscious aspit·ants.
It is, of cou rse, in the light of imminent chan ges
in all other departmrnts of sot i;:r l economy, industry,
commerce. f!OYrrnment. and all that that implies, that
�.
,
The Western Comrade
19
art's enfranchisement from the dominance of the mart
In the twentieth century, sculpture will' draw 'its
heroes
more frnm the makers of·men and less from the
is vaguely glimpsed. Our very few artist-princes are
destroyers
of life; more exclusively from .t he work.
often worked to death with over-patronage. It is in
bench and the play-ground, the gymnasium and the
the very nature of our commercial system that, like
study; and less often ·from the shambles and the bat~
"\V ackford Squeers, the few "get it all; God help the
tle:field, the forum of party polities and the chicane of
rest ! '' This is bad alike for themselves and for their
spurious statesmanship. .He who makes homes and
art. Yet under the spell of success, w ith the · fanfare
happiness, not he who makes widows and orphans; he
, of fame and the adulation of admirers ever in their whQ ma.\{:es men free, not he Who fetters mankind that
ears, they may approve the present conditions; and
"prnperty rights" may he en'Iarged,-the genius of
the struggling young artists, with all their troub~es sculpture shall delight to honor. Not forever' will the
hefore them, who have not yet through bitter experi-.
multitude consent that the "divine white marble"
t>nce lost hope of like good fortune, may· echo· that
shall he debased to cast a l-ying glamor over bloodappr<Jval. But outside of these, in the rank and file stained career's of ambition or· the soulless administra-.
of the artistic profession, I believe it would be con- . tions··~f brutal and "tmsocial" la\vs.
·
··eded that happier far would be the artist if, instead
'
Nor will ·approving smiles for aye salute
of depending for the means of life upon a capricious
The sculpturild bronze which boasts: "Here
~a rket, competitive and commercial in the worst meanmight prevailed. ''
ing of those terms, for his artistic output, he could
!:iecure th e needful in staples and comforts through the .•
The sculpture of the twentieth century ~ust and
rnor·e prosaic ehannel of some industrial servi~e not too su.r ely ""?il1 feature the aspirations and achie:vements
ex acting of time and energy; so that his art should be of peace, of human brotherhood and solidarity. "Glothe playwork of his free hours. Ah, then, we might 1;ious '\var" must soon look elsewhere than to the
ha \'C worlo; of art indeed!
·
·sculptor for its apotheosis or apology.
CALIFORNIA DRY?
CALlFORNIA WET?
(Continued from page 16 )
(Continued from page 17)
Th e right of the individual and of the mass is being "moist " -Wisconsin and ·washington. In these states
slowly hewn out of a cosmos of ignorance. Sm·ely, education is th~ motto of the people; labor is organized ;
•·\·er·y indiYidual will some day function normally. Until the workingman is on the industr.ial . field of battle,
th en, men will struggle for free expression. But th e fighting the social revolution, and progressing, step by
ant i-social must go. The days of t he aristocracy of step, toward the ·goal of social democracy, with the
dlUrch, state, intellect, school, home and barroom are .knowledge that they ha.ve the. power of conquest.
These are the facts; they are neither theoretical nor
numbered . . No man has the liberty to poison another,
statistical, for statistics may be twisted to suit the ocand he who makes and sells liquor is handling poison,
casion and theories may fail when put to the test. These
says science.
facts are oppositi~n statements and pictures of compariIn the battle in which the revolutionary worker is son; your own knowledge can readily discern their
<'ngaged, he can use all hi's powers. The overwor·ked truth or falsity.
;md underpaid workers are too busy t6iling to do much
v\' orkers, Comra~es of the Social Revolution, rememthinking. But the misery and needs of the day must ber the fundamental principles of your program; refi nd expression. Year in and year out, the vast army member that the economic and industrial life is the basis
of toilers go forward to their grave.
of every political or social structure; remember that in
Some are held iri the shackles of r eligious fervor, a capitalist society all laws not intended fo.r the benefit
" ·hich runs gamut of a narrow fanaticism and a heaven of the workers are. intended for the benefit of capital.
after d eath. Some are broken by the abnormal devel- :Remember that you cannot legislate tn·an 's morality or
Dpment of the sexual impulse and fill an early grave. character, but that they can be changed only by educaSome slowly poison themselves with the drug, alcohol; tion and a better social system. Remember, with Emerunable to r esist the cry of the pront monger and the en- son, that: ''The wise know that foolish legislation is a
rope of sand, which perishes in the twisting; that the
ticing surroundings in which he vends his wares.
But the builders of tomorrow, actuated by the revo- state must follow and not lead the character and proglutionary fervor, must escape these enslaving narcotics r ess of the citizen.''
Remember! Think! And decide for yourselves
of capitalism and· remove these pitfalls from the paths
wh
eth
er the enactment of the proposed prohibition
of their weaker comrades, and march forwa.rd together
amendment
would be of benefit to the working class
to victory a.nd a normal life.
r
�20
The -western Comrade
The Eight-Hour Law
[!]
~
RIENDS of the shorter work day must
realize that organized capital has det ermined to d efeat the proposed measure. The contest will eclipse every other
issue in this campaign.
An eight-hour law on the statute _:
book spells the beginning of the ·
end of capitalist rule ~nd eorJ?OriJ.tion
oppres!';ion.
Th C' 1\f C'rehants and l\Iamifacturers' associations of
('alifornia are being r eorganized to include the employc·rs of labor . .A dispatch to th e Los Angeles .Times un<l('r da1P of .July 17 is head ed :
J<'AR!\1EHS .JOl N OPEN SHOP ME
Th<· clispat c·h statPs: " Th e :;vrer chants, lVIanufactur·<·rs and Employ Prs ' Association has been formed by
a la t'g'l' numh<•r of fa rrn c·r·s, who will work to furth er
1h<· intPrests of 1hat hody.
The farm ers have
dPei<l<·d to he with those who opp_ose th e stringent mcasllt'<·s thC' unio11s furth er·. "
A sirnu ltarwous atta<·k will he mad e on th e closed
shop and th e eight-honr law.
This is a rlass fight. \\'e expect men to lin e up acc·or·ding to their inter·ests. Ever:y organizafion, institution or individual dC'JWnd ent o·n profits for existence
will necessarily fight this hill.
On the other hand, every producer· of real wealth
will line up for the hill if he knows wh er e his interests lie.
Here arc th e p<'oplP who log ically will fight the·
measure:
'l'he rail roads, all public s0rvice corporations, land
speculator·s, large ranc·hrnPn , mcr0hants, rnanufadurPrs and t he entir·e exploiting elass.
On the ot her· ham~ thC' men and wom en who work
in m ill, factory, mine, ranch han~s, drivers, mechan ics,
ar'tisans- in fact, every man who docs not own his own
job and must work for another will vote for· t his hill,
i f he k nows w hat he is doing. It is to HIS interPst to
do it. It is to his CLASS int erest to do it.
The Los Angeles Times announces, July 16 : " The
frW,t growers of the state are threatened with an increase of $10,000,000 yearly in wages of the farm laborers of the state. ' '
Did you get t hat, IfC'm·y Duhh ? T he capitalists of
Ca lifo r nia a r·e conceuing thttt should the Eight Hom
Bill pass the farm lahor·rrs of Ca lifornia will he privileged to cut a $10,000,000 melon every' yea r . You will
recall that thC' banks and C'Orporations have bt:>oen cutting th e 11161on hithcr·to. Don 't you think it ahout
t ime· that your class had a melon-cutting? Th e capitalists bank on the assnmpt·ion that you haw not brains
. By
T. W . .WILLIAMS
enough to see the point. Hav~ you f Power to use
your mental faculties count in this fight. Use your
brains.
·we ·a re told that "Skilled mechanics and artisans .
bav family ties. Tbey are in large majority of American· nationality, and live up to the California standard.
Th es~ workers receive fair wages and already enjoy
t he· advantages of a short day of labor. They would
not be ben efited, but ~ust endure without compensatory
advantage the higher cost of living which th e enact . ·nient of this law wouid cause. '·'
How' impcnious some people are to th e working
cl.ass psychology! From long experien ce t he workr r
is having drilled into him the great fact that th1 int er est of all workers is identical , and that an injur'y t o
one is an injury to all. Practically ·au th e men who
'
no\~ have
th e eight-hour day secured it through solidarity of action. They know that the unorganized , d efenseless worker·s are the greatest menace to· their own
security.
An appeal made to them as "aristocrats of labor· "
will aYail nothing with class-conscious workers. No
wor·k er· is secure so long as a fellow-worker is unprot ect ed .
Under the present r egi,l}le th e worker has no rights
which th E! employer must r espect .' He is dependent
sol ely on the mercy of his employer, who can work
him as many hom·s as he pleases without the law int ervening. This law affords redress from injustice,
and will not impose exacting and unreasonable demands.
The black slave in ante-bellum days was .an investment demanding protection and care to the extent of
his cost Yallol e The "help " on a California ranch , or
the "hands '' in factory and mill have nothing in common with th eir employers.
Th e worker.s are not con cerned with the profits of
th e capitalists. Why shou ld thC'y he? Th ey do not
sharC' tlwm. Th ey r<·cein hut the hare necessities of
life. In this C'ont est they have nothing to lose- everythingto gain.
Th e \\'Orkers are in t'C'volt. 'l'hey are getting from .
under . Th ey- refuse to longer carry the whole load.
It is urged that wa gPs will be r educed·. Impossibl e.
\Yages at'(' now at the har·e sn~sisten ce stage. To go
lower would preeipitate revolt and physical r esistance.
Exploiters of labor in California arc resting over a
seething Yolcnno of r evolt.
Th e on e g-uaraute~ that civilization has is to so r eadjust society th at every man or woman shall have the
right to apply his or her· ener·gy to th e forces of nature
and reap tlr C' rC'sult.
�The We s tern Com i a d-e ·
.
.
.
Co-operation and Socialism
By ERNEST 0. F. AMES
Ernest 0 . F. Ames is president of the Pacific Co-operative League, with headqu~.rters at San Francisco. He has ·
made a de~p study .of co-operative methods. The September number of the Western Comr ade w ill carry a story by this
same writer, telling o.f the plan of operation of tl)e league.
.
,
.
OST Socialists pass through a phase of \.' cis~o, ·the great prosperous city of the Golden Westmind in which they are .impatieJ?.t ;vith·. all'i~is, to which ,people can no longer close their eyes,
all thought of reform. The need and is compelling attention to the need for mutual help,
the desire for an immediate reau1:ti ion c~llective social effort
·co-operation.
.
of the iDE~TJ, the r_e;olution, .~~pr~ss'es · · For !he mass of working p eo.ple· the problem
t[tem. Their recognitiOn of ·the down- grows ev.er more serious as they are driven nearer to
•
right eontradiction between things as or: even over, ·the liD:e of subsistence and are threat~
th ey ar.e and as they ought to be fires ened by the imminence of poverty and dire want. I
thrm with a divine impatience, which concerns itself
The gobbling up by a £ew of an· the natural re-'
hut little with any so-called half-way measures. : . · . . ource!S is the ftmdamcntal cause of the economie crisis
Experience, howeve r, discloses the fact that there impending. The problems of poverty, starvation,
is always a tr·emendons amount of slow plodding lahor child labor ancl dt•grada.ti()n of women have- hastened
allll constructi\;C work to be don.e before any marked over th.e- Rockies along with the flow of population
rrfo1·matiou can be secured. The raising up of ·a · we's tward. The Pana.ma canal, about to be thrown
trained body of workerR for service in the task of · open with suelr a flare of trumpets and high hopes, is
ushering i.!l a new social order is also of prime im- only going to aggravate the calamitous situation.
portance and requireR time and acquaintance with
· Present econorr.ic necessity and the dread of imn•l'orm work
mediate future is on<' of the causes of the awakened inReal r eform is actiYity, which, while r emedial,
terest" ih c.o-opcration .or" all forms.
prepares the way for, or actually institutes, new forms
The social rra.s•ms for co-operation are no less urgof social and industrial life in accord with the princi ·
ent and eo.~p.elling. Along with the groWth of demopl rs of a true society.
All forms of co-operation are . in lin e with this cratic institutions, there is an increasing demand for
principle, inasmuch as they represent th e ~ itev~elop men and women with the ·social instinct. Such workmrut and control of democratic life by the p eop1t'. ers are in demand everywhere to build up th~ state
This is relatively true of public ownership, as well as that is to he and to guide aright the efforts of the
r·eople to manage their own affairs.
thr volnnta.ry co-operative enterprises with which the
Socialism "in particular is in need of ·a supply of
lll'~'~rllt article is specially concerned.
Th ere .are three causes for the increasing ntten- trained men both for present work and in order to
tion co-operation is receiving from Socialists nud be £t to make the right use of th e powers which wiU
soon be entrusted to them. Co-oper&tion is the trainot }t() J'S .
'J'h e first of these is the economic pressnre or neccs- ing ground for the future state.
The success of. Socialism henceforth depends upo!l
~it~' ·upon th e people. Co-operation has made gl'(·nt
lwad \\'ay in Europe. For the last £fty years it has a supply of competent and efficient, servants, acIH•t•n the proud boast of prominent p eople on this con- quainted with ~he spirit of. the social message, who
can adequately_interpret that spirit through the officiat
t in r nt that there was no economic need for co-opera,
tion here. Th e complacent belief that th e American positions to ·which they aspire.
The management of industry by the peo'ple for the
\\'as too well fixed to need any such aids to a lower
c·ost of living has lon g held s;vay. The common· peo- - p eople is subject to the ability or the rank and £1e to
pl t• have tried to live up to this out of a kind of false produce an,d trust men of integrity and capability. The
patr·ioti ·m. Now, however, there is a ·great change co-operative movement by raising up such men will
('om in g ove1· the whol e community. The consljtntly be of inestimable value to and should be supported by
·
J'rt·llrring peri?ds of trade depression, each one more Socialism.
The
growing
demand
for
social
service,
the
.de. r\·l'r e than the last; a state of chronic unemployment
velopment
of
a
sense
of
huma.n
solidarity
and
th e
nnd the actual presence of_.Jmnger on our streets culrecognition
of
th
e
valu
e
of
associative
and
·community
.
minating now in deaths from starvation in San Fran.
.
.
.
�22
The Western Comrade
effort constitute the social reasons for the notice co!l'here are scores and hundred . of yoll.ng men and
operation i'l attracting.
women who pass through the churches and the SocialThe third and perhaps the most potent cause for ist locals only to be lost to p ermanent service because
the spread of co-operation i &the moral one. The spirit their moral craving to DO, a well as to listen and talk,
of humanity, the inner urge of the ideal, the social is not satisfied. There is no organized opportunity
-vision-or h~wever we wish to designate it-is more provided for utilizing their labor in social fabric
militant today than ever before. "New times demand building.
11ew measures and new men.·' Unrest is rapidly on
·· The natural desire of youth is to practice and exthe increase and will continue till men ani able to fiqa periment in human right relations, or in other words,
nrw forms of life mm·e in accord with their sense of
to make morality for themselves and the future.
rigltt. Tit I' (•Ontracliction between man's spiritual inCo-operation offers alike to Socialism and religion
·stinds, his moral standard and daily life, as it actually
the
oppottu.nity to apply the great fundamentals they
pans out iu pradiet', i'l too great, too flagrant for men
claim
to stand for.
•1f simplP lnunanit y to r·est contentedly under.
LifP today dol's not measure up even to the eleC~-Qpcration is a moral r eform , a~ well as a moral
nwnt n ry d <•tllnnds of !'igld .. ousncss. People in all · 'ltimulus, fo r the accomplishment of the perfect life
wa!ks of' lift ~ fr·l'l ·this anfl many long, " hunger and and all that the high er nature of manldnd crave~. For
1It ir·st · ' for a ll~"H rPr a ppro;H· h in social life to equity these reasons the moral issue is the chief a rgum ent for·
:IIHl justi<"f>.
<:o-~peration .
Hist! Here's Verbal Treason
..~~~®~!!!!~!!!!!!!!~~ EHE 'S a Yot<· for Chief of Poli te Charli e
.:· --.· 'H
By
HOMER CONSTANTINE
For reciting Patrick Henry's " Liberty or Death"_ speech
(u nquest ionably and adm ittedly treasonable )
12
For elocutionary efforts on fragments of Lincoln's Gettysburg speech
5
SPhastian of Los Angeles, for a memhPrship in t hP Little Brothers of Saint .
Swilhin . Il1! has r·f> turn ed from the po• 71
Total
li <'l' <· hi Pf's t•onv•·ntion, where he gathTlll'_se men and wom en wr 1·e arr·c t ed and impris.
l' I'Pd sllt·h a f'uml of valuable lea rning
onNl-pun
ishcd without trial-subj ected to revolting
• ~
:
tlutt hP has proeePdPd to spill it on t he
md!g-niti rs and treah'd in a manner that would have
pofj,., . t·otlllnission of' Los Angel es and
hr·o u ~ht joy to thr hca r·t of-say, th e . mug Ladies of
llw O\"t•rflow n·:cwh ··~ t h<· p11hli<· through th e daily press.
Tr·inidacl .
ln r·Pa din ~ (' hi•· l' ( 'ha rli c 's li t('l'a t·y gem, !J.S plu cked
All wt•re lih ernt <·d nn one memorable day wh en a
fl'o"m the disma l morass of" news" in t he l\rorning Tribeonpl e of thousnml citiz ens mad e a call at t he city halL
lll1 C, you ~'l't' J'NJII<'stnl to kf·Pp in mind th e fact t hat
Rut, you ar·c k ept f rom t he feast. H ere is the chief 's
thP Los An~e lcs poli<'<' on<:c snppr·csscd frr e speec h so
lett('t" in. all its purity-provided some cru el · copysuee"ssl'u ll ,v t!t;1t th•· ··it~· he<·rlln e the foca l point of the
(·hoppf>r hasn't mutilated it:
d:tss s1T ugg-lr in Am•' r·inl. Sebastian was at that tim e
" I am sincerr in mv stnt f> ment that I do not
wa lki ng a heat in Chinat own. ' Doubtl ess his duties kept
h<·liPve th e patriotiP ,;1 en " ·ho framed our con itim ·so occ u pird h" dirl 110t kn ow what was go in g on
stitution ·rcaliz f>d, or· t•Ye r· dreamed, t hat our· free
;md t hcr cfo r·c <loc·sn 't know th e histo ry of that strug~pee(: h -frec coun tr·y,' would or· could h ~ so
almsrd. I think Pr·rsident Sylvestrr's sentim r nt
glP for f r·pc spPcel : in Lfls Angeles
ought to br writtrn ncros. thr domc ·of the Am eri'J'h fo ll owin g ~wor· c<:a rcl will show th e offense of
ca n he11.vens in lrttc rs of fir e, H e conrlemnE>d
seventy-one men a nd women who wer·e imprisoned in
'verbal treason,' whieh is countenanced in this
th e r,os Ang-c·les eity jail amid unsp eakabl e filth , incountry unrl or the mistak en id ea that 'fr·ee ·
sp er<'h ·. spells not on ly Iibert~· but license. He
sanitary and hol'l'ihlc su rroundings:
spoke the !'X act truth . \V e are prone to b e anu
For repeating that portion of the constitution of Califorto d eP.l too kindly with sepition . We wink at asnia making free speech a9 inalienable right . ·• . .
17
saults upon th e emblems of government, our flag,
!For reading that part of the constitution of the United
States that guarantees freedom of speech and the right
und orga nized hod if>s, providf>d for by popular
peacefully to assemble . . . . . : . . . . . . . 14
vote. and I sav the tim e is at hand to bolt thiJse
For repeating in public the Declaration of lnde!]endence
guilty of ntte~ane<'S, Pither by an am endm ent to
on any day other than the Fourth of July (very incen·
ou r national constitution , or more drastic laws
diary arid calculated to drive the average policeman to
from our lawm.1king- hoclics \Ve have had , and
hydrophobia)
. . . . . . . . . . • . 19
haw rvery ni g ht right here in I.~os Angeles, th es.~
For repeating the Lord's Prayer (an afterthought of women
t rpasonahl:' uttrran•:rs, and I say thE>y should be
who forgot their lines t"n the awful presence of the "peace
officer")
. . . . . . : . . . . . . • . . . . 4
cu rh ed . ''
�T be W -e-s c ~ r n Com r a d e
"W
. 23
outb
HA'f 'S the matter with the American working eruue:before IJle how that the ociali m of th
class 1" is the attractive title over pertinent re; American. onntries is of "the same tamp a our and
marks in the Texas Rebel. The writer goes straight to ~then some.
the point when he touches on the way the wo;kers put
* * *
t h ir financ·ial power in the hands of the exploiters then.
. · We J1ave b en 'led to b lieve · tha~ Mr. \ ii on i a
:-.t npitll~· wondPr' what hit them whe~ this money is
man of keen intellect and lar"'e per ptions.. Vthat
used to hire strike-hr:eakers and gunmen. The writer shall we say e(t er of his intellect or his perc ptions
says:
when. h'e .attempts to · justify the invasion of a foreign
Arr Anr(•r·ican capitalist d · r-ecently published the · country by the plea that. h e is intent upon restoring the
item tlrat in a ce r·tain wrstern city the working class means of production to the people
· · It is ilwaxs and everywhe~e desirable that them ~n ..
had $2.000,000 in the saving banks of that city. Two
·
millions in the hands of their economic enemies! \Vhy of producti<>n shall be restored to the p eople.
In 1\f~xico, \vhieh is an agricultural and min~ng
not rmploy it co ll r etivrl~' for their O\VD benefit ?
SomP of tlrPsc "·orking-<·lnss peopl e will ca.ll the country, the me.a.ns of ptoduetion happen to be the land ..
. Almost all the 15,000,000 Mexican peopl e work Oil'
ltnlians "Dagos," hut in Ttnly, with less ellpital, the
the
land for a living. .So far as the poor Mexican peon
Italian workers form co -op erative banks, and the labor
nre
concerned, it would he 11 grand and glorious thing
unions horTO\Y money from them and cut out the conif
Mr.
·wilson would send 100,000 soldiers to Mexico to
tra(·to r·s and tnkr mnnir>ipnl co ntr·aets dir·cct 11nd carry
wrench
the land from the rich and restore it to the
on cxte 11 ~ i\'C• " ·o rl\s ro-opcrntivcly, giving themselves
people.
hl'ttcr· hour·s and wa ges than the c·ontra cto r·s giYe them.
But would it not be just ·a s grand and glorious a
Wlr? ca n 't Amrrir:rn work ers do the same ~
thing
for 40,000,000 of ·Americans who work on railIn thr l'ity of lquiqui, Chilr, '~' ith onl~' GO,OOO inl'Oil
ds.
in factories .and mines and upon r ented farms, lf
habitants, the tr·ndrs imions ha\'<: a cll·sn del pueblo or
the
1\f
rxicans
would send J 00,000 soldiers to the United
pPoplr.'. house. whr>r·e all th e trades uni ons meet. They
St11tes
and
restore
the railroads, factories and mines to
lin\'(' a clrnrnhm· of lahor of one delegate from each trade
thr
p
eople?
·
rrn ion that IH"ts the mnnagcmcnt of this people's house,
factorirs
and
mines arc, to thesr. 40,000,Railr·oads,
n11d a <·o-oprrativc hakPr'.v and a large co-ope rative store
000 the means of produ ction prrcisrly as mu'ch as the
ll'ilrrr hr·cad and all kinds of goods are sold at l~er
l':tfrs than f']s:•where. n esides, they have a co-ope r·ative !and i<; the means wrth which l 5,000,000 Mexicans p-roclucc wealth.-Allan L. Ben. on in Pearson's.
!n·in ter~' tllflt publishes a cl nily Sociali. t pap er that cir•·H btPs all uYrr· the clepar·tment of Tcrepa2a.
* -l<· *
,\ mrr·ipnn. Hwt ought to hav e hetter sense 11sk the
Farmcr·s, C()-Operntiv c societies to rnar·kct their own
ll'l'i fP!' this: ' ArP the Chi l<'ans fu lly civilized." Until produ cts should be exempted from the operation of the
.\rn r l'i cnn w01·ker ca n do someth ing to compare with Sherman law. 'flwre is a clc.ar· distinction between· the
tlri .. ·" ·ho nr·r civilizecl y· l11 Belgium, Argentina and ro-operative organilwtion of the farmer and the modlitt lr l lrHguay the workr r·s ar·e starting successful co- ern ·trust. This distinrtion must be .recognized. In:.
t OJH' l'Htion that should sham·P. American workers for the very nature· of tliings f11r·mcrs' organizations . can:!. king . uch que tions.
not eontrol the mlll'ket or· limit the output, in the way
Tu the Arg-entine Rcpnhlic thcr·e arc four Socialists . that the big tr·usts do.
Between the farmer and the consurner a di tin.ct
i11 th~ hou. c of r·cpr·csenta.tive And ofic ociali -t in the
•·11ntr. nnd othc r·s wrr·c• defeated hy th e na~rowest rlass has gr·own up. lt consists of commis ion hous s,
hrok ers and combinations of Yarious sorts, with the
n.~:t rgin .
"'modern
trust at the head . Not all of the agencies of
Littl e rrag11RY has II ('Oillpllct. ocialist organization,
distribution
arc bad. J\fany of. them -are d sirable
:rn<l in proportion to hct· population ha more repre enand
useful.
Others
depend upon special privilege and
tat iYc·.· in her municipal goverurn~nts ten to one than
unfair
practices
and
are therefore wastefol.-LaFo1- .
"'" of th e ~loriou
lanrl of the free apd home of the
hr·:n·e · · 1'1\ll • ho:w·. , oeiali. t paper and pamphlet. that lc>tte' .
of
�24
The Western Comrade
The Thinker
By CARL I. WHEAT
Southern California is turn ing out an eagle's brood of young fighters that are inspmng to the older rebels of th•·
community. Carl Wheat, as a student in the public schools of. Los Angeles and, later -at Pomona College, distingu ished
himself as a speaker of great and co nvincing powers. As representative of h is college he has carried away all honors.
The following is, in part, his oration which won the first prize in the Southern Ca_lifornia Intercollegiate Oratorical contest.
.1
T is a great achievement wh~n an artist ing chilw·en of the South, the omnipre ent sweatshop ,
is ahl!· to conce ive and execute a work the ill-fed facto ry hordrs proclaim that labor till 1:
1 that truly r epr e-;euts some: fundamen- bondsman.
tal human fad. T!Jus, abov-e the arch•
•
way of thP g-r·eat gate of H ell in the
Come with me to the city of Lawr·encc, 1\Ia . It is
~
J>arrtheon in Paris, sits the heroic figure a day late in ;\ovemher· at the time of t he great ·triklo.
of a man wrought in stone-a figure The str·ikcrs ha\'1.' heen r·rfn ed the right to march in
symholizin g the greatest of all the fields thc-strrcts of the city. All thr ·halls have been denied
of hHrllHn <'Xf>f' rit·neP. 1t is ){odin's masterpiece, "The ttrrm . ThL' Dump alone rf'main ·-the dreariest spot in
Tliird<<·r·. ·· Tli1• knotted rnuscles of his massive fr-ame, -Lawr·encf'. Th ere in the hittrr· "·ind and heating storm
tht• rough and c·allousrd hands, proclaim t he Thinl\ cr four· t h ousarHl of them gathet·-ltalians, Belgian .
to IH· t hP rnan of toil. But now he sits, resting a lit- Gr···ckc:;. "\rmeu ia ns, men who speak a scor·e of tonguestle frorn his task, while he tu m s his mind upou the aHd fo r hour·s they erov..·d around the wagon-that erves
pi"Oh)prns that t·onfront him.
as a speaker 's stand. n pon that stand ar·e not only
\\'h11t is thP Yision Pmhodi1•d in tiH• chiseiPd stone? the fie ry Ettor· and th e scholarly Giovannitti, for other·
lt is t!r l· union of to il a n1lt hou g ht- t>ae h h elpl ess with - for·ms, though :>hadowy, arc th et'l'-Ganison, who deIll!! t lit· ot ht>r, lnr t wliPn joirwd in a t·ornrnon pur·pos<'
(·la r·ed t hat ht• would he hear·cl arid was heard; \ Vendell
t lr <' two grPat lnrildPrs of tlrP hum a n "·o rld- hl euded Phillip~-Ilan·a rd 's W endell Phillips- r eaffirming in
lll'r'l' h~· art . into th <· Jll'rl't·d for·m of human labor·. TIH~ the sig-h t of these facto r·ies, "the f undam ental principl
Think1•r is :tlso th1• " ·ork r r. The powPr of labor which t hat la bor, t he Cl'l'f!to r of wealth , is entitled to all it
this thinkin g work PI' s~r mholizes is th e mig-ht iest fo rce l' reatcs." A nother, also, is thPr·e- a certain young
in human histor~'· In all th1• agl's it has_shapcd tir e -Te" ·ish agitator wh ose name hns f'Yer been written large
d t>stinil•S of IIH'II.
in th e solemn pages of histor y. and his indictment' of the
Look " ·ith nw into th e past. The Th inker· kn eels master· class is far more hitt er· thnn the r est. He calls
upo n th <· g r·ound wat chin g th e spa r·ks of flam q leap them \\'O ~Y es and vipers," for th ey bind heavy bur dens
from Iris whirlin g sti f•k!';. It is t he f:onq ucst of fire- a111l g ri evous to he hom , and lay them on m en's shouldtiH· gn·:rtrst !'; ingl e ne lr iev emrnt in al l th e history of ers, but will not lift th em with one of their fingers."
nrankincl . Again. on the sh otc of a n ancient lake see
"\ t th e Sf! me time a committ ee of the "best" citizens
thP '}'hink er pushin g a rou gh-hewn hoat into th e waYcs.
is meet ing in the city hall to gi,·e thanks that t hey are
Non<• " ·ho stand hy ea n realize th e imp01·t of his act "citizens and patriots. " and not as th ose" low, ignorant
this pr·imal lann clrin g of the hoat- hut th e world of
foreig ner·s" who ar·e out therf' in the Dump. In th eir
l'Orllm crcr \vas horn that clay. Th e Thinker, in solvmout!1s is f r equently th e nam e of that same J ew. Do
ing his ow11 small prohlrm, led th e way fo r th e teemt hey imagin l:' that he who scou rged the money-changers
iHg <Hgosies that ~wa r·m i1pon our oc eans. Thus th e
in t h;, templ::o h:1s changed so much since he was h ere
world HLhancrs.
\\'ith men ? Ah , 110, ,Jesus of Nazareth is not of them .
•
•
•
H e is clown th ere in t.he Short Street dump, where that
But though la bor· is tfr e fou~dation of society, what hand of str·ikers is gathered. ·
Tum now to th e hanks of Cabin creek among the
do \ \'1' find its t ru e position to ha.ve been ' ThroJigh
o ne long age the worker was crushed into slavery. coal mines of \Yest Virginia. Th ere, too, the thinking
Throu gh another nge he was tied to. the . ~oil-a serf spirit is awakenl:'d. Picture a group of miners laying
with no rights his lord n eed r espect. Today, the iron to rest th e body of an innocent little child riddled by
law of wages rules relentless throughout t he world of the bullets from a machine gun handled by one of the
toil , and a thousand " ;orke.rs slave in poverty that some mine guards. Across the stream an old, grey-hair(·d
man of capital may traY•~l in his private car. The toil- woman is guarded by a soldier bea ring the ea_g le of the
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11
~
I
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
�T h e W e s t e r n C o m -r a d e
United Stat_es. For many a year she has stood in the
·forefront of the battle, and wherever there was need,
there has she gone to bear her part, until the workers
of a nation are proud to hail her " Mother Jones. "
•
•
•
•
•
Th]s labor moYement, lil'e all great economic movemcuts , only shows itself to men at intervals, after
prriods of comparative calm. The masters of capital
..lip t ht:>ir coupons unmindfu l of the fir·es that smoulder
hrncath th e snr·face. Bnt the unseen energies are for~>n r· ~atlrrr'ing. Suddenly, lik e the unloosing 'of .. the
forces that slumber u nder !\fount P elee, the crash ~omes.
Tire wlr c!' ls of a gr·Pat railroad c•!ase to turn. Th e lo01n s
:n·e si I!'nt. 1\ n hu nd rrd t housarid miner·s throw down
their pic·ks and s!ro1·els. The masters call out the militia
Tlrf' srr:tl'l of 11~t ·i r· rnat·hinr gnns is answrred by the roar
of' clyrrantiff'. r\larrn a·n<l pani e fill the erstwhile peaceful st r·r<'ts. And tlwn, as suddenly as it ca me, th e
tmuhl~· d<'JHll't". But the work crs,they who sarrificed
:trrd snfl'<·r\'d nml starYccl, have somehow taken a step
forward , lrlr<•flr••r th e~· " ·on or lost, for in the bitterness
of tir<·ir sti'Ugl!l!' th r~· Iran thought upon their problem.
T!!P futm·c-rPalnr of our hope and faith-lies bryond thr Y<·il 1ltat no n1nn r·:rn lift, hut all its promise
for hw~1arrity r r'its in tlrr life-givin g power of the toiling- Thinker. Oth ••rs rnay usr thc•ir thoughts for selfish
~ain, hut th•· thou~ht that is (·oncemrd with labor and
:ts prohl ... nr r radH·s the deepest sou1·ces of human wcl-
25
fare. It alone is free. You , who would be fruitful
thinkers, learn the meaning of Rodin 's great statue.
I..~earn from the sculptur·~d stone the m~ghty visiOn of
the Thinker as he sits therr, l1is head bowed -down upon
his hands. At the source of civilization and progress
learn the r ealities of toil. Go not to betray th e workers to selfish interests. Go not to confuse with sophis-·
. tries, Go rather to r~mse them to their needs · to fight
.: with' them under the on('-blood flag of true human
· hroth~·rhood. Do not imagine that you are carrying
any· gifts to labor. No, you are going to breathe the
only nndefiled air of mental freedom, to drink at the
one pure fountain of th e . intellect . And ~ou of .the
ranks of toil--your hands have ever heen the somces
of th e go-ods of life. Your hea ds must be th e sourceS
of the wisdom of lifr. As your hands and yom heads
ha,·e shaped the wa~'S of progress, so ·yonr sonls alone
can solve th e problems of the futurE'.
I
'"From you, the chained, reviled, outcast. ·
From you, the brut e, in ert and dumb,
Shall tln·on gh ~·onr wa],enHl theught at. Jast
The message of tomorrow come.
Think. think~ while breaks in yon the dawn
Croueh ed at your feet the world lies still.
It has no power but your brawnIt h<lS no wise! om hnt your will."
--Artnro Giova11nitti.
On the Index Expurgatorius
By HERBERT STANLEY CALVERT
I"!!!'!!!!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
NDEH the careful pat1·iotic instmction
of th e master class, millions of mr n have
sh etland arc still r eady to shed their life
blood, fighting for \vhat thry han conceived and still conceive to Ill: " their"
country, when few of tlwm ca n show
title to so much as a square foot of it.
They do not yet perceive that the country they fight for is th e master's country and that they
fight only because they are hypnotized by thr pulpit
and press and l1ired orators into the insubstantial bc1'ief that it is their duty and glory thus to fight.
Least of all do they perceive that in nine cases ont
of ten they are induced to fight simply . to divert their
energy from its legitimate function of enforcing ceonomic reform.''
This is an extract f rom "The :Mexican PeopleTheir Struggle for Freedom ," th e most r emarkabl e
and valuable book of the ·year.
The ~mthors of this hook-L. Gutie r!'ez de Lara and
Edgcumh Pi'flchon - must f el a sense of elation ~tn
day to day as th ey sr~ (· in thr devPlopment of th~
l\lexicnn situation the f ul film ent of their predictions.
Tlw statement in th e book th:rt "a suecessful pl'O·
letaril)n revolt in any country of th e world, however
r emote f r·om th e centc1·s of cil'ilization, is a t 1·em endn-·
ous menace to evrry other r·llling class, " is home •·nt
from day to day when .we read in the n ewspapers the
tender solicitude of t he government for the successful flig+t of lhwrta, a ft er he had looted the }fexican
treasury and startPCl to leave t he country. The British
government evrn offered a eruis.er £or t he pm·pose of
a iding a thief and a murder·rr to escape from the land
wh ere he had wrought wreck ancl ruin.
Every Soeialist, every r::tdiea l, ~· h ould have t his
hook. 'l'he f:·l d tl.:rt it has hc<•n p laced on t he ind ex
expurgatorius of th e J.~os An grles public school library
hy th e papal r epresentative on thr hoard of education
is an indication of its valu e.
�26
The Western Comrade
Hopfield Horrors and Hypocrisy
By
· MELLIE MILLER
OS ANGELES TRIBUNE reprints a pitiful story Mr. Earle cannot afford to 'tell the truth and the whole
from the London Chronicle, telling of the terrible truth about the class war in America, more especially
conditions existing in the hop fields of England. in California.
'
· Mr. Earle,. owner of the Tribune, is as much ensla\1'ed
The story ·is well written, simple, yet graphic and gripas any hop field worker. Politically and economic~lly
ping. It recites the horrors of overwork and exploi:tahe is the victim of environment. The smuggery of his
tion of men and women .
newspapers is · not unstudied. · Every reporter, every
The Tribune does well to print t~is article, Jmt ~itb ·copy · r eader, every editor, knows "policy. " There
its characteristic suppressiO~?-' of the news of_ the Cali- prob1;1b]Jr is no written law in his newspaper offices.
Th e '" conspiracy of silence" on the part of ·the capfomia hop fields, this solicitude for the toilers of Eng~.
italist
press is tacit, but .none the less
Jand becomes the ·sheerest hypocracy.
. binding.
If .any r eporter on a capitalist publication wo"tiid
If this " scandal of woman slavepY" and "silence of
write
tbe truth about any of the doubtful dealings of
public opinion" is deplorable in England, why not in ·
large corporations-oil, land, telephone, electrip power
California ?
-he must know in advance if the "old man" is interWill thr Tr·ihurw pr·int a story of the merciless. ex- ested in them and the "old man"- the average owner
ploitation, brutality, n'mrder·s, false imprisonment and of daily newspapers-owns stock in nearly ~ll of these
dPstruction of life of the workers of Yuba County hop ente1;prises, hence, the suppression.
firlds 1 It will not!
Her·e, then, is the unwritten rule governing this par'l'h P Tr·ihunc has had the opportunity to do this and · ticular situation:
it has fai iPd. Like all owners of capitalist n ewspapers,
'''fell the truth about the hop field horrors in England, hut keep off the hop field atrocities of Yuba County, California.''
L
.
IN THE NAME OF CHRIST?
H
0 \\'
SWEI!~'l'.
s0f1 aud gentle is the sound that
(·omt·s to our t>ar·s as we list en to th e wonls of the
Chr·istian grntlrmen who advise those in the seats of
th r mi ght y in England!
"Let thrm dir '"
That is the thumbs-down verdict of the cler gymen
wh o Wl' I'P iutrrvi(·wrd as to the advisability of permitting the suffragists or· ot her politica l prisoners to
die of starvation in English prisons.
" ~hall th ese women he allowed to die?
I think
th e s uggest ion vc r·y good . I haYe advocated it for many
mouths. " -Th e Rev. Richard_ J<.,ree, vicar of St. Clem.
e nts Fulh am.
"Ther·e would he not hing ethically wt·on g iu let'ing these prisoners die. Let them (the prison officials ?) sta r·t at oner and mak e up for· lost time."Fat.her Bernard Vaughn , brother of late Cardinal
Vau ghn.
"If these women r efuse food t hey should be allowed
to d ie. " - The R ev. Arthur vValdt·on, virar of St.
1\T a tt h cws, Bl'ixton.
Jn t he nam e of Chr·iSt, Amen!
E. d '0.
.Jud g(•s of thr l o\\'a supr (•mc court haYo- declared
th e ;;te•·i liz:-tt ion law pas<>ed h.v th e last genera l assrrn bly uiH,oustitu t ionn 1- not only that, Hwy say it is
111111 an d Yoid. ''l'lois should be headed " Important if
'l' t'\1 c-. , ,
We ' want Socialists to buy our Union-made products.
Union conditions in industries means shorter hours,
and shqrter hours mean MORE SOCIALISTS.
Men's best quality c~tton sox in black, tan or black
with white feet, postpaid, 6 pair....................................$1
Men's·finest quality lisle thread sox in black, tan, ox
blood, steel ·gray or pure white, postpaid, 6 pair $1.50
Ladles' finest quality cotton stockings, black, tan or
black with white feet, postpaid, 6 palr..........................$1
Ladle~ extra heavy cotton stockings, 5 pair..................$1
Children's stockings, postpaid, 6 pair................................$1
Bell brand collars, postpaid, 1 dozen ..............................$1.50
Men's working shirts, blue chambray, heavy drill
khaki, black sateen, each ................................................50c
. Men's fancy negligee shirts, latest styles, each ..............$1
·Neckties, knitted, SOc values, each ....................................25c
Garters, for men, women and children, per palr..........25c
Write for catalogue of many other articles.
The company offers $25 in cash to the Socialist
• Branch or Local whose members have purchased the
largest number of Bell Brand Collars-these are the
only coilars made under union conditions.
The stockholders of this company are all members
of the working class.
Mutual Union Trading Co..
.Postal Telegraph Building, 9 Board of Trade Court,
Chicago, Ill ino is
You will confer a favor by saying you saw our adv.
in the Western Comrade when orderi ng goods. ·
�The Western Comrade
. Telephone Home A-4533
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN
Attorneys at Law
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal. ·
Broadway 1592
F-1592
A. R. HOLSTON
Attorney at Law
331-2 Douglas Bullding
Los Angeles, Cal.
CHARLES 0. MORGAN
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
Notary Public
1010 Califor nia Building, Corner Second
and Broadway
Home Phone A 3913 Los Angeles, Cal.
Home F-2164
Notary
Main 7618
GOLDMAN & SHAPIRO
Attorneys at Law
537-8-9 Douglas Building
3rd and Spring Sts. Los Angeles, California
Harry A. Goldman
Chaim Shapiro
GROW AND THE FAMINE
When Cvrus F. Grow was a candidate for city council of Los Ang~les
on the Socialist ticket he surprised
thousands of hearers not only by his
powers as an orator, but by his good
nature, pleasing persiflage and wellch~sen anecdote.
In discours.ing on the shortcomings of som~f the small but predaceous wate eompani,es that were -allowed to ex1. , leech-like in the suburbs,·wnere the service was not only
poor but at times the supply reached
the vanisl')ing p~int, Grow· said:
''Why., t he water supply is so precarious that at times i't becomes a
problem of great gravity for the
hous~wives.
Recentlv a woman of
Rost' Hill r1tlled her b~sy husband on
thr phone and said:
·' · D{'ar est, I wan~your advice on
an important matt~r. Shall we have
boiled potatoes for supper tonight or
ma,v l wash Bobbie's face?'"
GETTING EVEN
27
Rebuilt·Typewriters
From $10 Up
Low Rental Rates
TYPEWRITER SERVICE co.
A-2591
138 S. Broadway Bdwy. 3810
Los Angeles
THE JONES BOOK S'l'ORE .
226 West First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Headquarters for the best Socialist
books and literature.
F-6849
This Stands for
the Best in Confections,;• Creams
and Ices -·- -·427
SOUTH
BROA~WAY
DRESSER PHOTO CO.
Lantern 'Slides
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarging
Kodak Finishing-Free Developing
Mall Orders
230lh SOUTH SPRING ST.
Phone A-2298
Los Angeles, Cal.
Apropos of foreign honesty, Dr.
!'lieholas 1\Iurray Butler tells this
stor? :
KIRK
KIRK
H. SLIKERMAN
At~orneya at Law
··On a foreign railroad,'' he said,
Attorney at Law
·' <t <·ommntt't' had a row with the con501 Spreckels Theater Building
Pacific Building, Room 631
San Diego, Calif.
dud or. At the end of the row the
San Francisco, Cal.
eommnt,?t' turn ed to a friend and
Every evening till 6. Sundays 11 to 12
Compliments of
said:
Oacar-WINBURN-Charlea
" '\\"(:'11, the P. D. R. will never see
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
another een t of my money after this.'
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
Suite 712, San Fernando Building
"Thr <:onductor, who was departPhone A-3638
Fourth and Main Streets
Los Angeles, Cal.
ing. look ed back and snarled:
.NOTARY PUBLIC
.. ·What.']] you do 1 Walold'
100 Per Cent Settlement
Home A 2003
Main 619
' · · Oh. no,' said th e commuter, 'I 'II
A. J. STEVENS
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
stop buyin g tick ets and pay my
Dentist
Insurance Underwriter
fan· to ~·ou. ' " -Phil<tdelphia .Public
360 I. W. Hellman Building
306 South Broadway
Lr dger.
Phone
Douglas
3565
&
Room 514
Los Angeles, Cal.
Los Angeles, Cal.
Tel. A-4559
NORA DID THAT
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
Phones: Sunset Main 8400, Home 1071.1
Assayer and Chemist
It was <1 few days before Christmas
I do not guaranteed satisfaction
ED. WINFIELD
I guarantee accuracy
in om· of N cw York's l<trge book Halftone Photo Engraver and Zinc Etcher
252% South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal. stores.
Color Engravings
Phone A 2299
Clerk- \\'hat is it, please ?
Record Building, 612 Wall St.
All Work Done In Duollcate
Custom er- I would like Ibsen 's" A
William Francia Seemlln, registered Dol I 's House. ''
patent attorney and mechanical engineer,
Clerk- To cut out ?-Everybody 's.
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17 ~18
Citizens' Bank Bullding; patents all
countries; specializing intricate and difficult mechanical, chemical, electroH l'lll'~'· yom· subscription promptchemical ·a nd metallurgical cases. F 5743,
1.' '· 1f you lrt the matter d elay then
Main 9474.
J;AND FOR SALE
Will s(·Jl rrlinquishm ent or assig-nrn rnt on 160 acrr,s good land, in
!<<'<·tion 4. township 4 north. Antelope
Valley. ],and near Llano del Rio
( 'o-oprr<t tive Colony. !<~or part icu Iars
von \\·ill hr t<tl< en fr·om the mailing write to
P. 13. KEELER,
Insurance, all kinds. P. D. Noel, 921 list. Th(• \\'est ern Comrade merits
vom· (·Ontinued friendship.
Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles.
Box G17
.Ingle \'OOd, CaL
-·
�The Wester n Co mr ade
28
THE WESTERN COMRADE
STRONG COMPETITION
In Colorado, remember the women
Entered as second-class matter at the
post otftce at Los Angeles, Cal.
vote as well as the men.
In the fall of 1910 a man named
Smith was running for sheriff against
a man named Jones. One evening
just before election Smith rode up to
the barnyard ~f an old farmer. The
farmer was milking a cow and was
having difficulty ~vith a lusty ca]f
that continua·lly tried to ''butt in.''
The ca~didate, to gain the favor of
the fanner, took the calf between his
legs an:d held .it. until the milking
was do~e. He then introduced himself: "I am Mr. .Smith, the Republican cand idate for sheriff of the
county. I suppose you know the man
who 's running againsS me?"
The farmer's eye twinkled as he
slowly drawled: "Waal, I r eckon I
do. H e's in the h'ouse now, holding
1he baby.' '-'-EYcrybody 's.
~
924 Higgins Build ing, L oa ~~ge l es, Cal.
Subscription P rice One Dollar a Year
I n Clubs of Four F ifty Cents
Job Harriman, Managi ng Editor
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
Vol. 2
August, 1914
N o .4
Suhs<·r·ihf'r·s lo The Western Comrad<· an· rPquestPd to renew subscriptions without delay. The magazine is r•11t eri11g a new era and
if will IH· t hf· aim of the publishersto nt;rkt· it heltPr <111<1 hr·ighter each
rss tlt'. Thl' nragazillt ' merits your
su pp<•r·t and prorn pt renewals ar·e
III'I ' I'SS:II'_\' to (IJp SU('('\'SS Of the pUIJIII'at ion.
The Los Angeles Citizen
A Labor paper tha~ never backs
dow!l. a Labat' paper that always
goes ahead ON THE STRAIGHT
ROAD 1
Th e Cit izen is known from Coast
to Coast as the best trade union paper the nation has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
of more than 12 pages of news and
inspiration and education concerning organized labor.
Edited by STANLEY B. WILSON
The Citizen is edited by Stanley B.
Wilson, one of th e. nation's Big Men
of Labor! His editorials ,are as
widely copied a ll over the country as
are the editoria ls of any other Labor
fighter today. That is the sure test
of quality. Others know that what
Wilson wr.ites is THE REAL
THING! There's an inspiration and
a breadth of view in the writings of
this man seldom fou nd in the work
of ed itorial writers. In no other paper can you get the WILSON EDITORIALS! Subscribe to The Citizen
today!
The Citizen will come to you for a
whole year-52 big issues- for orie
dollar. Wrap a bill in a sheet of
paper and mail it. Get a money order if you prefer, or send a check. It
all goes. BUT DO IT NOW! The
Citizen, P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles,
Cal.
THE :UL ~ll\IU)l WA_G E
Little Jame whHe at a neighbor' ,
wa given a piece of bread and butter. and politely aid "Thank you. "
'That's right, James," aid the
lady; ' I like to hear little boys say
Thank you.' ''
'Well," rejoined J a me , ' if you
want to hear me say it again, you
might put some jam on it. "-Washington Post.
WHERE IS WILLIE.?
\Yillie stood on the railroad tr·ack,
He didn't. hear 't he bell.
The engine went to Halifax
And ·willie-We know whf r e you
'1'hink Willie went but you are
~Iistaken. He had led a most
Exemplary lif('--besides the
Engine was on th e oth er· track.
MISTAKEN IDENTITY
A lady was looking fot' -her hu hand, and inquil'ed anxiously of the
RUFFERTNG TO:\L\IY
Tommy 's Aunt- \Yo 11 't vou haYc housemaid. "Do you happen to know
a not her ·piece of rak r, Ton.nny '!
anything of your· master 's wh reTommy (on a Yisit )-~o. 1 thank ahouts ?"
you.
" 1 am not sure, mum," replied the
Tommy
's
Aunt-You
s't'rm
to
hcl
· "Imt I t }'
·
f
f
.
,.a t'C f u 1 d omcst1c,
un 1{ tl1ey
su ff rr·m~ rom 1oss o appet1te.
I
.
,
Torn my- That ain't Joss of appc-l _a_r·_e _I_n_th_e_ ,_v_a s_h_._________
tit r.
I No skinning. One price to all.
What I'm suffering from is polite-~
c. A. WILSON
ness.
The Watchmaker and Jeweler . at the
1 Union Labor Temple, 532 Maple Avenue,
OPT OF HER liE \ D
Los Angeles. is a union watchmaker.
.
-'·
ALL PRICES RIGHT
IIar·old watched h1s mothrr· as she , u. s. w. v. Roosevelt Camp No. 9,
folded up an intricate pi\'<· ~ of ]are ' I. 0 . 0. F. No. 150 Louisiana, K. of P .
she had just crocheted .
I No. 186 Louisiana.
" Whr r'(' did you !!et
t hl' patt crn , 1. -----------~-:---~
"It's In the Mountains"
I
:\famma ?"he questioned.
"Out of my h<>ad," shr ans\n:> red :
THE B. C. FEDERATIONIST
lightly.
i Finest labor paper in Canada. R. Parm
"Does your head feel lwtt••r no\\·,\ Pettipiece, managing ·editor. Address
:\Iamma? ;, he asked anxiously.
1 Labor Temple, Vancouver, B. C.
I
The
Christian
Socialist
5457 DREXEL AVE.
_,.
Chicago, 111.
$1.00 a Y ear
Club of Four $2.00
Twi ce a Month
CHAS. L . BRECKON
Busi ness Mgr.
.
. ] ( Irwin Tucker
Ed1t0r1a
· Managi ng Editor
Edwin El lis Carr
.(
T homas C. Hall
Staff
Charles Edward Run ell
The Federal Census of 1910 gives the religious population of the country at 82,417,147 ;
the Protestant population is placed at 65,415,~
241. These constitute available and absolutely
necessary material for the propaganda of
Socialism. The Ch rist ian Socialist is edited
in terms that makes special appeal to just
this class of people.
Send 2c . Stamp f or sam pl e.
�The · Western Comrade
·29
THE RAND SCHOOL
Life in this age is a complex problem, each phase of which. must be
met and solved by the men and women of today. The man or woman ·
best informed upon the problems
t hat have to be met is therefore the
map or woman best able to cope with
them.
The Socialist of today is a part of
a world-wide movement to .educate
t he people of the world, in order that
they may better face life's problems.
Each Soci_a list worker who wishes\{.,o
dedicate his or her life to a great
crusade of world-wide education
must first he educated himself. It
is to this goal that the Rand school
in New ·York City offers courses o.f
study in ''Economics and Philosophy
of Socialism," "Social Problems and
Sot·ia list Policy," "Developm ent ~f
-:'If odl:'rn Society," "Social and Industria l Histor·y of Eur·ope, " "Economic
and Social History of the United
States," "History of the Socialist
and Labor l\Iovcment, " " Introduction to SciPnce," " lnvcstigation and
l:t·scn r<·h.'' "Orig in and Histor·y of
the Const itut ion of th e United I
States," " J\[cthods of Socialist Par·ty
Organizat ion," and "Public Spcal<ing,'' t hesc arc some of the subjects
tlwt one may study under t.he ·instru ct io n of sueh ahl c t eachers and fell o.wll'orkers as Algemon 'Lee, Morris
:llillqnist, Anna :!\Ialey, Benjamin C.
n I'U Cil her g, .Juliet Stuart Poyntz,
Cha r·les A.· Beard of Columbia Un i,.Prsity, Dr I. M. Rubinow, August
Claussens and Max Schon ber·g.
Besides the study at the school
ther e will be added two courses
which
will be
corresponden ce
<·on rses. One of these two new
com ses which will be of great importance to all ' vork ers throughout
t he country is entitled ''Social Problrms and Socialist Party," the other
<·ourse will be a twelve-lesson study
of Socialism. This will be conducted
lfy Anna Maley.
.
All d esiring further information or
those wishing to join the correspond<·nce classes will please make applications to the Executive Secr etary, 140
l·;ast Nineteenth, New York, N.Y.
I
Th er e are in America 17,000,000
Hn.m arried persons of marriageable
age. Out of every 100 male adults
~0 are unmarried. Of .men above 20
~· ears old and over 8,102,000 are un• marri ed ; of women aboYe 15 year's
old, 9,000,000.
Here's · One · Magazi.ne
You Want
Pearson's Magazin~ is the
Of!IY magazine of its kind.
Its form enables it to depend
on its readers alone -.!..on
advertisers not at all. It
can and does, t h er efore;
print facts which no maga.zine that depends upon
advertising for a living can
, "afford" to print. It does
print such facts every
month. Every issue con. tains the truth about some
condi tion which affects
y.our daily welfare, which
you wanl to know and which
you .c an find nowhere else.
· Beside~, it prints as much
fiction and other entertainment' as any general magaCharles Edward Russell .
zine. If you want one
" The reason why I advise all persons - radical magazine to liv~ and .
that believe in a free press to ·support grow,subscribefoPearson's.
Pearson's Magazine is because P earPearson's is the ·only big
son's is the only great magazine that
magazine in America in
is free."
which the Socialists get an
equal opportunity with others to present their case., not occasionally
but in every issue.
The case for Socialism is presented by the l~ading Socialist writers
of America, including Allan L. Benson and Chas. Edward Russ(!ll.
One copy will convince you that you want Pearson's. On the newsstands, 15c per copy. By the year, $1.50.
\ Here's Another Mag~ine You Want
The Western Comrade
The only illustrated Sodalist magazine west of Chicago. lt' is
excelled by none in America. Hundreds of subscriptions are
rcoming in from Socialists who are . anxious to keep in touch
:with news of t he development of the Llano d el Rio Colony.
Our· aim is to make the magazin e better and brighter with each
issue. Subscription by the year $1.
COMBINATION
By speciHl a rrangement with P earson's we will send you
THE WESTERN cOMRADE a.nd PEARSON 'S MAGAZINE
ONE 'YEAR FOR $1.25
Address Circulation D ept., 924 Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal.
)
�The We st ern C o mrade
30
)
::;OAPBOXING TANGO
Harry F. Farmer was addressing
one of those "dangerous and inflammatory" audiences that gather . on
JJos Angeles street. The scene along
the curb was like that on Halstead
street, Chicago, during _periods of
depression and disemployinent. The
spcakrr balanced on his soapbox and
used the utmost good humor and wit
in his repartee.
"How ahout Wilson and William
,J. Bryan ?'' shouted a man · leaning
against a huilding and drawing on a
villianous looking pipe.
' ' You remind me,'' said Farmer,
hcaming hroadly and using his delightful Birmingham hr·ogue, "you
bring up th<' memory of news from 1
Washington-society news.
It's
about thP nrw \\'illiam J. tango.
H ere it is. boys. Tak e it home and
hnv<· th<' gi r·ls tr·y it on the piano and
you danee it. Sec how far it_ ~&ets
REVOLT
.IN . MEXICO
.
~The·
Mexican People-T .heir Struggle for ·F ree.d om
I
--By--
.· L. Gutierrez ,de Lara a.nd Edgcumb Pinchon
~
~
~
E ugene V. Debs says:
you ah<>Hd:
One step forward,
Three steps backward,
HesitateSidestep."
"• • • It is written from the point
of view of the working class, the tillers of
the soil, the producers of the wealth, and
shows t hat through all these centuries of toil_
and tears and blood and martyrdom they
have been struggling for the .one purpose of
emancipating themselves from the tyranny
of a heartless aristocracy, buttressed on the
one .hand by the Roman Church and on the
other by the military power. ''
WhPn the roar of thf' laughter suhsi<lP<l Farmer· added:
"Bryan has modifie<l t hat now hy
('liminating th e first onestel?. Try
that one now!"
A CANDID CONFESSJON
Thr motion pictur·e director was 1
sweating over a scene where the ingenue 'yas supposed to register in experience, timidity aud a shade of
alarm as the .bold adventurer tried to
kiss her. 'l'he director got the man
to working moJ·c like a lover than
lil\ e a white hope going- into a clinch
to stall for th e gong, then turned his
attention. to the girl.
"Now, Mabel, think about it.
Haven't you ever tried to stop a
young man from kissing you?"
"Not yet!,. came the girl's quick,
frank reply.
HOW 11' WORKS
A boat and a beach and a summer
r esort,
A man and a maid and a moon;
Soft and sweet nothings, and then
at the real
Psychological moment a spoon.
A whisper, a promise, and a summer
is o'er,
And they part in hysteric despair,
(But neither returns in the following June,
For· frar· that the oth er is there.'
.
Read the Correct . In~erpretation of Underlying Motives m the
.Most Remarkable and Valuable-Book of the Year
~
~
~
Georgia. Kotsch says:
'' •
•
•
It strips the glamor of
bene,'olent motives f rom the dealings with
Mexico of the United States and other countries and presents the stark truth that
American and world capitalism has been,
·and is, in league against the proletariat of
lVIexico for its own sordid interest. And
while the Mexican master class is depic d
as the 'most depraved and bloodthirsty in
history, the Socialist will see that the story
of the· Mexican proletariat is in greater or
lrss degree and in varying ci:r:cumstances the
story of the proletariat in every country."
~
~ub_lisbed
~
~
by DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO.
Price $1.50
W e will send you this book and Th e Western Comrade for one
year for $1.50.
�l&w.:. s~c:holarsh.ip
VA·LU.ED AT
00
Given Absolutely Free to ·A dilertise Our.School
-
Costs You Nothing Now, or Later, If You Act Immediately!
THIS OFFER IS UttiiTED~ SO WRITE TODA t'- QUICK! DON'T .BELA 1'1
Get this moat liberal offer before it is too late. This F,ree Scholarship brings you
a thorough legal training for a/moat nothing-tuition surprisingly low. We are makjng this
liberal offer for advertising purposes and may withdraw it at any time, so ·hurry!! If you act at once we will give you
a Scholarship, valu!!d at $100.00, ·abaolutely FREE. Do not fail to get the facts at once. Send the free coupon at
bottom of this page immediately for ·full particulars.
COSTS NOTHING TO INIIESTIQA.TEl
Don't be backward. To write your name and address on the coupon below will
not coat you a cent.
Nobody will call on you or bother you in any way.
We will send you full
·particulars of this ultra liberal Free Scholarahip offer, also our FREE BOOK explaining how to master· the law at
home during your spare moments-how $5000.00 a year is within your reach if yow will study law. Don't put aside
this paper until you have filled in the coupon and mailed it to us. Mail it riabt now-TODAY.
.
..
, ----------------~
Guarantee:
'\
¥our .H ome ~ University!
�32
The Western Comrade ·
WoRKERs
WANTED.
LLANO DEL RIO COLONY. in the Antelope· Valley .
Los Angeles -County.. California . ·needs hundreds of men and
their families
-
This is an opportunity of a lifetiil'le to solYe the prol)lem of unemployment and provide
for the future of yourself and children.
..
vVe _haYe land and water, machinery and
rx'p crts at the head of each department of
production and construction.
ExJ)erienced ranchers are .in demand, but
sneh e::q)erience is not absolutely necessary.
cial need for a
and cook, expert
nearly all useful occupations '"ill find their place in this colony. Espea blacksmith, carpenter, cement worker, experienced bee-keeper, baker
tryman and a stockman.
•
Every membef . an equal' shareholder in the enterprise. Every worker to get the full social
produCt of his efforts.
Co-operation is not merely a WORD-it is ACTION
For full particulars address
MESCAL WATER AND LAND CO.
.
--
JOB HARRIMAN . President
924 Riggin's Building. Les Angeles, Cal.
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-08
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-08
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n04_191408
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v02n04
Extent
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9abb2e32dec6827f64613a9b335409c1.pdf
6b37d5c1640f2e96c8bf4c03e8892118
PDF Text
Text
,
,.-n
.
.
July, 1914
Vol. 2,
No. a .
Ten cents
- ~~
.#~ .
:In·This Issue
Llano del Rio
.
Colonist Activities
+ + +
Co-operatives ~t Work
i;n :Milwaukee and
Other Municipalities
+ + +
From Labor Bank
to co:operative
Commonwealth
+ + +
Splendid Articles by
Special Contributors ,.
•\I
+ + +.
POETRY ·
FICTION'
PR()P.A:GANDA
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••
~•
�2
The Western Com,rade
Scene in
·Specialties :
Eagleson's
Shirts,
P&jamas,
Union Factory.
Light, Airy,
Underwear,
Collars,
Sanitary.
Neckwear.
July is the Time to Buy ·for Clothing Bargains
Choose Your Summer Suit ·Where Prices ··~d ·Quality
Are Right-Where Styles Are Correct
During July it behooves the careful, conscientious buyer to choose ·his new suit with
greater care than at most times of the year. If you want the most for your money
you will come up to Eagleson's, between First and · Second streets, where our inexpensive location and small running expem•es enable us to make you an actual cash s.a ving on your suits, hats and furnishings. Not only during July, but at the beginning,
middle and end of the season.
Because this is one of the oldest and largest exclusive men's stores in California
we are showing larger selections ·in the right sort of guaranteed summer .fabrics, colors
and models than any other men's store on the coast. Every garment is exactly as it Is
represented.
Special values In high grade all wool suits at $13.00. $20.00.
Your comparison is cordially Invited. Under no obligation to. buy.
$25.00.
Shirts
tinderwear
Sold direct from. factory to wearer. Being manufacturers enables us to elimInate the retail and jobbers' profit dnd
give you regular·
$1.50 qualities for ....................................$1.00
$2.00 qualities for ....................................$1.50
All makes, styles and colors. Over 200
different kinds to select from. Prices
from 50c to $3.00 per garment. .Much
better quality than can be had at these
prices elsewhere.
LARGE ASSORTMENT OF EXTRA TROUSERS, OVERALLS, CORDUROY
PANTS, GLOVES, SUSPENDERS, NECKWEAR, HANDKERCHIEFS, SUIT
CASES, TRAVELING BAGS AND TRUNKS.
C?F MENS WEAR
e.
& 0.
7f2-ffGS.SPIIIJ{G S!
�The Wester .& Comrade
3
ELKSKI·'
·BOOTS and SHOEs··
·p act6ry op~ated ·in connection
with LLANO
· DEL
.
Rio . CoLONY · ·.
'·
ID.EAL -FOOTWEAR
For ..R. an~hers and Outdoor Me~
;
Men's 10-inch boots.$6,00
Men's 12-inch boots. 7.00
Men's 16-inch boots. 8.00
Ladies' 10-inch boots 6.00
Ladies ' 14-inch boots 6.60
Men'~ (Elt shoes .. , . 4.00
Ladies' E1lt shoes. . . 3.60
Infants' Elk..,.. shoes,
1 to 5 ..... . ...... 1.6(}
Child's Elk shoes, 6
to 8 .. ... . . ... ... 1.76 .
Child's Elk shoes,
8¥2 to 11. . . . . . . . . 2.26
Misses' and Youths,
11¥2 to 2 ......... 2.60
The · famous · Clifford E~skin Shoes are light~st and
easiest for solid comfort and will outwear three pairs of
ordinary shoes.
We cover all lines from ladies,' men's
and children's button or lace in lig~t ·
handsome patterns· to the high boots for
mountain, hunting, ranching or desert wear.
Almost indestructible.
Send in your orders by mail. Take
measurement according to instructions.
Out of town shoes made immediately on
receipt of order. Send P. 0. order and state whether we
shall forward by mail or e:?{press.
Address all communications to Shoe Department.
Place atocking foot on
paper, drawing " pencil
around aa per above 11luatration. Paaa tape
around at linea with·
out drawing tight. Give
, aize uaually worn.
Mescal Water and Land
CompanY
Higgins Building
Los
Angel~s,
Cal.
·
�4
T h e · W ester n· C om r a d e
·············································································~··~·····
·TheWestern ~comrade
T
HIS Magazine is devoted to the interests
Class of the
.
.. of the Working
.
World. It is the aim of the publishers to maintain the high standard
that the 'former management
,. estatiiished·
. . , and to increase its efficiency
as a _,eap.on against · o~i:n~essi~~d· e_~ploi.~t~?n ;of the workers.
In this effort we shall strive- to keep uppermost in the minds of our readers
the necessity of taking advantage of every .opportunity offered to push .forward th·e cause of Socialism by the use of co~operaiive methods, political act~on
and direct action ·by use of strikes and whatever legal methods the workers
may adopt to further their interests.
.
'
In this endeavor we ask the loyal support. of the Comrades of America. ·
THE PUBLISHERS.
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
A Monarch of the Land
Tr-actor-a ar-e lnv;1luable in clear-ing Ianda on the LI<Jno del Rio. This gr-eat machine, with a small cr-ew, clear-s fr-om ten
to twenty acr-ea a day. It upr-oots or-dinar-y chapar-r-al with gr-eatest ease, and even tear-s down the gr-eat Joshua tl"eea,
the giant Yuccas, as If they wer-e weeds.
�T4e Western Comrade
Co-operation vs. Th eory
By JOB HARRil\1A
T
HE men and women who are at. the Rancho
Llano del Rio and those in the small office force
are working with enthusia m and a inglene
ill' purposP that is mo t encouraging. The only misgivings about the success of"this great undertakina are expr·t·s!wd by those who have neit shown any.inclimition to
.. ntPr the colony. They are strong on tlie theory of co- ·
oJwration but little inclined to make an atteml>.t at a
pr·a<:tical applicat~o n or to tak~ any action except to
diseourage oth~rs.
Th ese few comrades have taken considerable trouble
to d l'e lar·c that th e colony has no connection with the
S(wialist Party. This action seems unnecessary and the
t't·a r·s of the comrades are unfounded. This enterp.rif?e is.
irH·o r·poratcd under the laws of the State of Califo~nia.
This giv(•s us tried and established rules for operation.
E I'P J'.V t ransaction is carried out in the r egular, ' legal
IIHlJIII(' J' .
No one has ever represented, or ever ' ill .
l'l'pr·cscnt, that any understanding exists between this
<'ll! r rpr·ise and the Socialist Party. That party is not
now, and never will become, responsible directly or ind i r·o>ctly for· this enterprise.
But will Llano d el Rio succeed 1 W ell, that depends
upon aggressive action. Our shoulders must press t he
•·n iJ ar·, we must have confidence Jn our ability to do
JH'<!ct iclll things. Th en we nmst buckle down and do
them ..
~incc starting this enterprise I have met with a
111ost i·cmarkable fact. That fact was a state of mind.
A state of mind for which t here was no foundation and
yd unshakable. It d eveloped under most remarkable
•·onditions. We were in need of a few men to make
hay. A number· had oought in and others were buying
but uot in quite sufficient numbers to save our bay as
fnst ns it ripened. W e concluded to open the doors and
let live or six men work out all the stock without any
initial payment.
j1\ d o:r.cn men wcr·e called in. The plan was laid
.Jfrt'or·e th em. They he itated. J asked them how old
tltry ·were. Th eir ages ran ged from 25 to 40 years.
'' How much money have you ?" "None," was the sad
l'(•frain. ' ·How much property ? · "None," from all
hut three. " '\Vhat hav<> yoM to Iose Y" "WeU, ·it looks
fllo good. 'l'ht>re must he some graft in it. " And all
hut one fi led out, back to the wallo\v, . olemn as any
owl that eYer per bed on po t. The office f~ce was
li 1·st amazed. then fai rly rxploded with ide-splitting
hmghtt>J'.
ince that time th er ·bave been scores of volunteers
who have wanted to go into ·the colony and work out
their hare but members have b en. joinin in u.tliient numbers, on the regular ba ·
t.h t th o:ri inal.
plan_ha been held.
There i a principality -t\t Llano del Rio, aitin. ·
the workers to tak~ it.
o :u opportuni ~ ~ill
o~ a aa,!n to our people in the outlnv t. Thou h
The Narrows, looki ng south. Thla tcene Ia In the hi gh
mountains in the upper ranch'" tri butar y to the B i g Rock.
were disappointed by these men we hav he n equally
sUl'prised and encouraged by the action of others. Th ey
have read th~ statements in 'rhe \Vestern omrad , and·
have walked up like men, bought their stoc]{, went to
th e property, roll ed up their slee vef:l and goo<' to work.
This is t he stu ff t hat brings su ·cess.
A pr·ofessor digging in the ruins of anci nt
1[emphis, in Egypt, picked up a dust-cover ed parch;
ment. H e looked at it and translated: "Even as ye
kill so shall ye pay for the crime with~ your life."
"Strange !" he muttered, "they did that two thousand years ago and we are still doing it today."
�6
The W e st ern Co mra de
From Labor Bank· to . Co-operative Commonwef.llth
Fourth Article --By EDGCUMB
PI~CHON
N MY last article on the subject of the ther eof? In short, the La.bor Ba.~ will not long ha.ve
Labor Bank I deseribed the five classes been established before the urge of a.n iron necessity
of investment which such a bank would will force Orga.nued La.boi_" into a.ll departments of infind itself compelled to adopt:
dustry a.s a. producer .o n its own a.ccount.
1. Commercial loans to merchants
A bank, of course, c&nnot directly own and operate
and manufacturers fair to Labor.
·irfdust; ies. It is not intended for that purpose. Capi2. Loans to contractors fair to
titlism ·lias evolved a speci~l instit ution for this workLabor.
. .
ttle ftlnding .·company. It .is t he business of a funding
8. Short-term small loans to __members 'o f
company to :establish companies subsidiary to itself in
Organized Labor.
the various branches of industry, to finance them, cori. 4. Loans to small farmers for proguctive
trai 'them, and concentrate .their profits in. its own repurposes other than th e hiring of labor. :.
serve for tl1e expansion of existing business or the es5. The purchase of entire or -majority issues
tablishment- ~f new enterprises. Indeed, a chain of
of municipal bonds.
banks centrally owned and controlled, financing 4
But Labor 's business · cannot stop here. The same chain of funding companies which in turn own and
forces of economic n ecessity which brought it intQ
ontrol c~ains of subsidiary colll-panies operating in_all
being, and marked out for it. these minor channels o~ departments of industry, and returning their 'profits to
action, will compel it to go one step further; and that the f\mding· companies for the expansion of e_x isting
step, as I have said, will be Labor's first step 11pon the business or the launching of new enterprises-is the
path which leads directly and inevitably into the Co- · ultimate mechanism of centralized capitalism, as exoperative Commonwealth. Organized La.bor ba.cked by emplified, e. g., in Standard Oil. As a weapon of
its own Organized Dollars will be compelled t o go into class oppression, of course, this mechanism is unt he business of production and distribution for itself.
paralleled in history. As a. mechanism for the soci.a.lisaA contractor, for instance, unable to obtain credit at tion of production it is pra.ctica.lly perfect. And the
the embarrassed capitalist banks, or tempted ·by, per- same necessity which will force -O rganized Labor into
haps, a lower rate of interest, or really desirous of the business of production will likewise force it to
being "fair" to Labor, .and able to operate in free- adapt this mechanism to its own use-a mechanism
dom from the pressure of the "B_ig Business" banks, perfected to the· hand of Labor by centralized capitalapplies to the Labor Bank for the money to finance the ism itself. Here, it is interesting to note, is a brilliant
erection of, ~: g., a skyscraper. He agrees to c9mplete- illustration of an exploiting class forging the weapon _
ly unionize the job, and is accordingly accommodated of its own destruction.· Just in fact as' Labor already
with the necessary credit . He completes the contract, has been forced to copy its exploiters and establish its
pays the men, settles his credit with interest-and own bank, so it will be forced again to copy its exploittakes the profit. Here Organized Labor has supplied ers and establisfl its own Funding Company and subboth the la.bor and the c~pita.l in order that a third sidiary companies for the operation of its own indusprivate party may reap a large profit. How long Win tries. Simply it bas no alternative.
Orga.nued La.bor do this sort of thing befor e it recogTo attempt to · define the exact conception and '
nizes tha.t tliere is no rea.son in the world why it should method of operation of the Labor Funding Company
not ta.ke such contra.cts itself?
and its subsidiary companies may seem not a little like
Similarly in the . case of a manufacturer obtaining assuming the mantle of a prophet. But r~ally the matcredit at the Labor Bank and accordingly operating ter is very simple and r equires only ordinary common
under the ''closed shop'' principle; his fixed capital, . sense.
In th«;l first ca~e '' He who lives in Rome inust live
i. e., his plant, is private, but the operating capital and
the labor- without which his fixed capital is· of no use as do the Romans '' is a maxim peculiarly applicable
-:-both belong to Organ'ized Labor. -But the manufac- to questions of practical economics.' In so far as the
turer-not Orga.nized Labor-takes · the profits. How Labor· Fun.ding Company and its subsidiary companies
long will Orga.nized Labor permit the profits derived will be profit-making institutions operating within the
from the use of its own labor a.nd capita.! to go i~to t,he capitalist system, they will be compelled strictly to
ha.nds of a.·third pa.rty-&n unnecessary middle ma.nconform on their technical side to the methods of capibefore it recognizes tha.t it is fully able to own a.nd talism. They w'ill be, in fact, strictly business instituopera.te the busiD.ess for itsel:f a.nd rea.p the profits tions, and will be compelled to conduct themselves as ·
..
�The Weste·rn Comrade
such. But in so far as these institutions will be owned
and operated by Organized Labor in the interests of
the whole of Organized Labor, they will have a special
character, and will conform strictly, on what might be
called their social side, to the traditions of Organized
Labor. Bearing these simple necessities in mind, and
also th e facts that the directors of the Funding Conipauy. like the directors of the Labor Bank, can have
Edgcumb Pinclion
hut two possible guides for all their actions: the desire
to make these institutions profitable as such, and the
desire to make them a means of strengthening Organized Labor, the task of forecasting them in a cer.
tain detail becomes pr~ctically mechanical.
The Labor Funding Company, like the Labor Bank
and Insu.rance Company, can be organized effectively
only as a corporation owned and controlled by the
whole of Organized Labor; and thus, also like these institutions, it necessarily will be directed by officers
democratically elected by the rank and file of Organized Labor. Owing to its special character its capitalization, of course, will be purely formal; and it will
operate under a practically unlimited charter. For its
expert technical help it will have the whole field of
modern trained business expefts to choose from, and it
ran well afford to pay ·salaries commensurate with the
highest grade of service. To obtain the nec·essary
finances for its operations it will follow, of cour~e, the
usual practice of issuing interest-bearing bonds. seeured, in this case, on the existing properties of Organized IJabor. But to pre,·ent these bonds .from fall-
' 7
ing into capitalist hancfs they clearly will have to be
made non-transferable ·and issuable onl:y to the Labor
Bank and Insurance Company, and, under certain restrictions, to individual members o'f Qrg·a nized Labo;r.
Here then is -the main and infinitely most important
investment of the La.bor Bank and Insurance Company.
Once equipped .and launched on its way, the Labor .
Company, like any other funding company, will pro~eed ;from time to tiine as .opportunity offers to or.ganize,, finance and c.ontrol subsidiary companies in the
vari~u'S· departments of industry. These ' subsidiary
·companies will be Organic Co-operative Industries, i. e.,
on their. tec~ca.l side they will be exactly; like any
c&pitalist concern, but on tlie social side they will have
the special characteristics of Labor. Thus they will be .
directed, o:f! course, by officers, democratically elected
by the workers· in each particular shop; they will be
supervised and controlled by the · Funding Company;
they will be managed in all ·technical matters by an ex. pert biPed for the purpose at the market salary; they
will pay ~heir employes the full market w·a ge for an
eight-hour day and five and one-half day week; they
will maintain the · market price of their products, and
their profits will a.ccrue, partly to their own reserve for
the expansion of existing business, and p&rtly to the
Funding C~mpany for the launching of new co-operative industries.
Let not the hasty . reader shout ''Utopian I'' Manifestly this js the line to which Labor's industries will
be compelled to hew, not as a matter of theory or artificial arrangement, but by the ever · present urge of
practical business necessities. And by that same beneficient urge of practical business necessities the Labor
industries will be withheld from the suicidal practices
usually associated with the so-called co-operative
"schemes" of today; namely, cutting prices, rebating
to consumers. and sharing profits · among the workers.
Labor scarcely will need to make the experiment in
order to learn that these practices do not jibe with
capitalist busine_ss methods, that they lead dir.ectly to
the rocks of economic disaster,_and at best to the stunting of the new industrial system. Organized Labor will
need vast accumulations of capital if it is successfully
to fight its business battles with the capitalist system;
and it cannot accumulate this capital in competition
with the other .great corporations if it does not conform
closely to the rules of the capitalist· game. In short,
the Labor Funding Company and its subsidiary com{>anies will be strictly business iilstitutions, organized
and conducted exactly like capitalist industries. Their
right to the title of ''co-operative'' lies solely in the
fact that they will be owned, not by private employer,
but by Organized Labor as a whole, and that their
profits will go, not into the pockets of stockholders,
nor at the other extreme into the pockets of a few for-
�8
T h e W e s·t e r n C o m r a d e
tunate employes, hut to Organized Labor as represent- before it becomes complete master of the situation.
ed in the Funding .Company for the launching of fresh Capitalist business depends .entirely on public confienterp.rises. Onlv by amassing a.n ever increasing capi- dence. Let that confidence be soundly shaken, .so that
tal for the ever increasing expansion of its existing stocks and bonds become valueless and ·people refuse
industries, a.nd the ever increasing establishment of to invest, 8.nd the remaining major fraction · of capitalnew industri_es, ca.n Labor hope ftn8Jiy to emancipate ist business will tumble overnight pell-mell into chaos
itself completely from capitalist conditions.
there to be ~eorga.nized under the control of Organized
The establishm ent of Labor's own co-operative in- Labor.
dustries. manifestly, will provide a n ew and powerful
An(l while this process ~f reconstruction is going
inducement to the unorganized, workers to enter the
forward the workers will begin to learn the necessity
unions. Not th e dullest witted and most anti-social
of using tlie ballot to protect their direct business inworl{(•r will long rpmain outside of an organizati9n .
terestS. Organized Labor wiil learn to vote, as does
whi ch offers him (1 ) t he pr'otcction and ca-re of the
"Oil," as does "Wool," as does "Cotton," as does
union, (2) th e friendly personal and buildin_g loan in
"Reef" .for the protection and enhancement of its cortime of need, (3) the low rate of insurance, (4) greatly
porate thterests. , And in so doing, whether i1i a distinct
ext<>nclf'd opportunities of employment in the ·capitalist
Labor party or in the existing Socialist party, it .'fil!
industries, and municipal sen-ices influenced by the
bi·ing a new tremendous political power into the arena.
Lahor· fhtnl;; , (G ) a·n d last, and most attr·active of all,
The one great enemy of Organized Labor in its new
nn opportunity of ohtaining sceure ernployme'n t, under
aetivities will be the Giant Trusts, and Organiz-e d Labor
d r mo,·r·nti<: management, at fair wages and short hours,
will speedily "learn that its business life will depend
in thf' f'p)Jowship of r.ahor 's own' co-operative indusupon its ability to force these Giant Trusts out of the
triPs. With th e· d cYeloprnent of th ese institutions Orr·oad and into the hands of the government. Thus wjJ}
ganiz<·d Lahor will ill<:r·pasc in num erical -strength fr·om
eomr a tremendous movement on the part of the larger
month to month not, as JJO\\', by tens and hundreds but
Or·ganized Labor of the future toward the nafionalizah,v t'' ns and lnwdrcds of thousands, until, all the r eally
t ion of th e great Trusts and the municipalization of
eapai,J,. and valuablr element of th e working Plass is
pnhlic utiliti es in support of the existing movements in
within its ranks.
th::~t dir·cCtion maintain ed by the Socialist and the Pro\\' hat doPs this mean 9 It rn rans that beginning with
g!'<:> ssives. And finally this political awake.ping of the
t hr Psta hlishrncnt of the T,ahor Bank the savings of
work er·s in d efens~ of their bus_iness interests will carry
3,000,000 work ers amounting to $500,000,000, and thus
them forward to the capture of the city, s.tate and na$;),000,000,000 of credit, will he withdrawn from the
tional governments themselves.
nrterirs of eapitalist business and placed in the rompletc control of Organized Labor. It means · that beThus, and at no distant date, and almost mechanicginning with the establishment of the Labor Insuranc e ally as it wer e, will th e workers he ushered triumphantCompany about a billion dollars more will be eliminated ly into the Co-operative Commonwealth in which will be
from eapita.list control and placed in the hands of neithf'r' exploiter nor slave, hut the organized -..vorke:·s
Labor. It m eans that with the establishment of t h e will own and eontr·ol all industry in the interests of the
LabOI' eo-operative industries at least three million eon- organized ,,·orkers. !n that day profit and interest will
sumer·s a nd most probably twice that number- not to (·f'ase to sel'\'e any f4t·ther function in the productive
mention the families which these figures r epr·esentpr·o1·ess ~mel will automntieally disappear; and Labor
will patronize the products of the Labor industries and at la st will he free to enjoy the fu ll r eward of toil both
boycott the comp eting capitalist products. Anrl it SOI'ially anu individually-not Jrss than One-fifth of
mrHns that this process once begun will continu e with thnt r·c\\·ard as today.
a n eve r increasing speed. Jt means, in short, that as
In <·on,·lusion is quoted th e most important public
the business of Organized Labor increases, the business ut tPr·anPt' of mod em times-an utterance destined to
1 of t hr capitalist class correspondingly must d ecrease.
h<•,·ornp histol'ie in the nnnals of the Industrial RevoluSwiftly, and ever more swiftly, deprived, first of its tion . ~aid ·w illiam Dobson, the brilliant Sec~etai'y of
operating capital, and thus restricted in credit; and the Bl'icklaycrs, Masons and Plasterers' International
then · d eprived of its working-class ,..consumer-s in all l'nion at the convention previously mentioned:
bram·hes of industr·y ent er rd by t he eo-operative in'' Th P char·tering of a banking institution by Or-dustr·ies, and t hus depr·i ved of a markrt ; dcpr·ived of gan ized Labor and its friends is now being considered
their best .workmen and thus of their Unpaid Wages .• in th e city of Indianapolis, and my earnest prayer is
which is the source of fixed capital- the capitalist sys- thnt all of us may soon see the day when Labor will
t em, and with it, the 'Capitalist class must wither and I'ealize the power for good that will follow the bring-,
decay, until the last r emnant of it. is absorbed into the ing into life of a financial institution controlled solely
business of Organized J.,abor. Nor will Labor need to and absolutely by th e 01'ganized Labor of the American
capture }D.ore than a respectable fl1W~ion of industry Continent."
�The Western Co·mrade
Water and the Plains
9
BY
Franklin Davenpart Howell
(No cl ass of men shows more careful and conscientious discrimination tha·n engineers of establ ished rep uta·
tion and standing. Conservatism a·n d caution seem to .be the i r w~tchword . In the following article Mr. Howell,
who is tli e chief engineer for the Llano del Rio enterprise, has bo1led down h!s facts and attempted to strip them
of all technicalities. He has based his statements on tnslde figures and avoided superlatives. that might depen.d
on optim ism and enthusiasm. Mr. Howell has had a wide experience In some of t·he .greatest engineering and Irrigation pro j ects of the United States and Mexlco.-Ed.)
•
,
.•
r.=======!!"' LANO
DEL RIO territory lies in the dist rid on the north side of the · Sierr~
:\Tadr·e :M ountains, a part of t he Angeles
For·est Heserve, technically known as
.. Township 5 North, Ranges 8, 9 and 10
\\' t•st, . . an Bernardino meridian,'' in Los
u..:"""-"""" .-\ ngeles county, California.
Beginning .at the base of the mountains at :1500 feet above the sea level, it slopes to the
rwl'th and out into the so-ealled Mojave desert.
The lan d a Yailable under the watershed of Rock
•·rt>ek (Rio de l Llano ) and Mescal creek, extends for
ahout fiftt>cu miles east and west and. to five or six
llli lt•s north. "·ith probably a maximum of 47,000 to
.-.o,ooo at·r·t•s therein that can be watered from this
II'Hft·r·sht•d ll'ht'll it shall be fully developed.
Tht' soil o,.,,,. this entire area is fr om the dccom•
positio11 of t ht> gr·anitcs, felspar·s and limes of the
lllOI!ntain range, giving a d('<•p , li ght soi l that ueYer·
' ·J,a kPs, '' t'O ilt aiuing potash , soda, earhonates of lime
;rnd rnagHt•sia. sulfides and oxiclt•s·of ir·on, etc., in fact
:iJ] the lllillt'I'Hls llt'CCSSary to SUStain plant life, requiring- only the oxidizi11g inAut•Jlef' o ~· water and air, obI ainPd hy irrigation, plowing- and cultivati ng to render·
tht•llt soluahh• <tnd easil y assimilated by plant growt h
as food.
'l'h<• waiL•r· supply for· ttris t err·ito r·y is dependent ou
ra infall and . while ther·c ar·e ocasional li g ht rains in
the ntlle.v. t ht' heavy and dependable rains arc co nfi rwd to the lllOuntain ar·ea . It is of frequent oecurl'l'uce that tht> vall ey is hath ed in warm sunshine
while th e mountains are lost to view, almost smothered
in rain and snow.
Of t h e~w raius part is lost by evaporation, part is
a hsorb ed by t he mountains and part runs off the sides
of the mot:111tains to the creek beds and on out to th e
vall ey, wher·e it disappears. 'rhat which evapo rates
is, of course, lost as available water supply. That
which is ahso r·b ed irrigates and noyrishes t he heavily- ·
timbered mountain side and part of it reaches the
stream beds and makes a summer flow, while ·the run'off to be of use must be caught and impounded in order:to save it for the dry season.
The area of watersh eds adjoinin g these lands is appr·oximately eighty square miles, which, with forty
inches of r ainfa ll per annum, should yield about 70,000
acre feet of water th at cou ld be used. if it could all be
L
saved-enp~gh w.ater, with the character · of probable
.c rop!j, to maintain 40,000 to ~0,000 acres of land under
cultivation.
Under present ·~onditions, however, the fi~st work
to be abne is to make use of the minimum flow of water
from this watershed by putting it on as much ·land as
it will se.r ve-and this is what is now being done.
Successful colon ists and ide.al Socialists are the bees. The
200 stands. shown here have netted the owner, who worked
alone, over $2500 a year. This ranch has been taken over by
the Llano del Rio colonists. It Is the Intention to establish
several thousand stands in the apiary de.partment.
'l'h t· minimuni Aow of both l\Iescal and Rock creeks
" ·ill proha hly take care of some 8000 to 10,000 acres
hy the construction of small diverting dams in t he
foot hill s, and leading the water· therefrom by ditclr
and pipe lin rs to the lan ds being cleared and planted.
'J'his " ·i ll mak e the beginning and foundation from
which to en large to the limit of available wate r.
'rh e next step is to set up rain guages and weir·s
for the accu rate m~asUl'ement of th e actual and availab le water and the construction of storage reservoirs
suffici ent to impound the runoff from the mou-n tains
during the rainy seaso'ns.
Th ere are fou r such r eservoir sites available with
the total capacity of between 30,000 to 40,000 acre
fe et, a nd surveys a re now in progress to defin e their
actual ext ent and construction r equirements.
Finally in the <;]cvelopment and conservation of
these waters sever·al water power developments are
possibl e, yielding enough power to li ght the territory
and furnish power for many factories. ·
It will be readily appreciated that all these things
cannot be at once accomplished, and that it will require time befor e the actual amount of water available
can be definitely known , and ther efore. the total acreage that can be put und er cultivation, but enough is
known to assure an area that will support a population
of 5000 souls or more and have an unusual surplus of
pr·oduct for th e open market.
�Th·e Western Comrade
HI
Georgian Philosopy and Economics
By DR.
J. K
POTTE GER
r.l
=~~!!!!!!\
:J OCIALJ STS "enerally are about as ill- is wealth "which is devoted to the aid of production. "
inform ed on the philosophy and econom- -The !eature of thi <!las ification and definition i the
ics of Henry George as the Single Taxers .'attempt at natural ~rder. Much of the fooli h criticism
~
are on the philosophy and economics of of Ge<trge and his land program i due to a lack of
It would
Karl ~fa1·x. To. light the way of Social- understanding of his meaning of " land.
have
been
to
Marx
s
advantage
if
h
e
had
been
clearer
ists is my purpose.
\Y e should appreciate the service of on this point.
Rent
George in his trenchant analysi~. and succt'ssful refutation of the two rriain tenets of PrivilegeRent in the Georgian sen e, i. e., economic rent, is
the "!\[althusion Doctrine and the Wage Fund Theory. that portion of the income derived from land or other
Little progress could be made in economic thought as natural capabilities by virtue of ownership of the saJn c.
long as they inAuenced the minds of men.
It is rent as we know it, less rent on buildings or other
'l'hc foundation of George's teachings is the Doc- impro"ements on or in the land. .
trine of Natural Rights. Tl1is doctrine was developed
Interest
hy Qucsnay and supported by Turgot in France. It
'Dismissing "reward of abstinence" which is usualsought freedom of Person, Opin·ion and Contract or
ly assigned by standard works as justification for inExchange. Private property in land was the cause
terest, as insufficient, George finds its cause iii "Someof all evil which was to be abolished hy a single tax
thing which, though it generally r equires labor to
on lanc1. ',rhe theory of Natural Rights is a beautiful
utilize it, is yet distinct and separable from labor- the
p1·oduct of the human mind, but not in accordance
active power of nature; the principle of growth. of
with th e conception most of us have r egarding social
r eproduction, which everywhere characterizes all th
--e-v.clution. \Ve hold rights, in so far as we may secure
forms of that mysterious thing or condition w call
them, to be only relative, vary ing with time, place and
life.'' The ''aging'' of wine is cited among others fiS
with our growing intelligence and humanitarianism.
an instance. Socialists often hear the "old wine" and
Quesnay, himself, proves our contention-"Natural
''old fiddle' ' arguments advanced as attempts to disr'ight is th e right which a man _11as to do the thing fit
prove Marx's Labor Theory of Value. The confusion
for his enjoyment." Most will agree that if is a seriresults from the use· of the word value. The one using
ous question whether a man has a right to do what he
the argument has in mind use value, while Marx 's
thinks is fit for his enjoyment. George recognizes man
theory deals with exchange value. But the real arguus a creature of desire, attempting to satisfy the same
ment agains~ the Georgian position in justifying interby labor.
est, lies in his own definition of land cited above. The
Factors in Production
"something" as a part of nature, i. c., land, is in this
The three factors in production are land, labor and case to be allowed to yield a r eturn for the owner of
the article. In justifying interest, George has not only
capital, in order of natural sequence in origin.
"Land necessarily inclu des not merely the sul'face exempted a portion of land from taxation, but is r eof the earth as distinguished from water and air, but warding privilege with interest. Socialists should
the whole n atural universe outside of man himself, for understand this inconsistency thoroughly.
In his law of interest George says: "As rent rises,
it is only by having access to laqd,,fro.m which his very
body is drawn, that man can come in contact with or interest will fall as wages fall, or will be determined
use nature. The term land, embraces, in short, all by the margin of cultivation." This statement is acnatural materials, forces and opportunities, and. there- ceptable in a certain sense, though the Georgians use
fore nothing that is ,freely ;upplied by nature can be it in an attempt to show identity of interest of the capiproperly called capital.'' (Progress . and Poverty, talist and wage-worker, as opposed to the interest of
the landlord.
·
page 37. )
. -human
Iron La.w of Wages
''The term labor, in like manner, includes all
exertion, and hence human powers whether natural or
"Where natural oppo_rtunities are all monopolized,
acquired can never be classed as capital.'' Capital wages may be forced by the competition among labor-
m
�The Wester·n Comr.ade
l' rS to th e minimum at which laborers will consent to
reproduce." This is the Marxian position except that
'Tar·x attrioutes th e tendency to capitalism as well as
to landlordiRm. Th e differen ce is more apparent than
rra l, and is based on th e different use of th~ word land
- :\Iar·x using it in th e limited and George using it in
t he genpr·al sense. ::'11Meover, since many capitalists,
· pr·ohably most, ar·e th eir own landlords, the separation
of landlord and eapitalist is not made. It-seems to me
t:t>o rg<' has t ht• twtter of ·l\'Iarx on thi point.
George's Historical Method
(;POT'¥'' 's intrr·prl' tation of history is not so defin.it'e
and ('Onsist f' nt as thl' <'t·onomic int erpretation of Marx.
!lis method is ratht' J' icl ra listi e, and not closely in touch
,,·it h t ht• ex Jw r·i ent·t>s of men. H ere and ther-e he hints
;11 t IH• pr·essur·<· of <'t·onom~c interests as determining
et· r·tain t•\·l'nts, hut this economic motive is foupd always on thP side of rf'act ion and conservatism, the
position of 1hr landlor·d class. He does not conceive
ol' a co unt<•r rco noniic motive, directing the revolt of
· tlH· su hm er·gt•d and less privileged , as did Marx. It is
'I'mth aud Justi ce that guides the opposition. This
,,.,• ms an absurd position to a social evolutionist.
In atll'nrpting to ac1·0tmt fo r the varied civilizat ions- df'ad, decaying, arrested and progressive-he
finds the La\\' of Human Pr·ogress, Prog. and Pov.,
11
page 504: "Mental power is
the motor of progress, and men tend to ·advance in proportion to• the
mental power expended in progression.
. Now,
menial power is a fixed quantity-that is to' say, . there
is a limit to the work. a
can do with hi mind, as
there is a limit to the work he can do with his body,
therefore the mental power which ·can be devoted to
progress is only what is left after what is r equired for
non-progressive purposes. These' non-progressive purposes are J:t(aintenance and conflict.'' We will probably ·find little fa~l't with this, ~cept that progress i~
l:lot d fineG., ~nd · after all it . requires the. conflict of
opinion and interest to ~etermine what it is.
man
The Program
"We must' make land ~ommon property." This is
to be accomplished · by taxation, i. e., confiscation of
economic rent, ·and the abolition of taxes on the making, exchanging or possession of wealth in any form-.
Rent: for buildings. or 'o ther improvements is permissible as -interest to the owner. George further recognizes that taxa.tion may be used against certain articles the exchange of which it 'is desired to discourageopium, cocaine; etc. Briefly stated then, he advocates
a single taX on land values exempting improvements
on or in land.
Auto-Hypnosis.
R
OCKEFELI1EH consider·s the Standard Oil as a
beauty rose flow ering, in the buttonhole of Christianity. Morgan is assured that
will stand before
God bl amel ess and staiii less to pass to th e well-earned
l'cst of Paradise.
'rhe followers of Abu-bekir, Omar and Akbar were
equally sure, with Morgan, of the same reward when
th ey thre v the Christian dogs into the Yermuk or the
Brahmin dogs into the Indus.
·
'l'he scum of the Russian jails-the "Black Hundr·etl "-murder youn·g Jewish girls in the same spirit,
whi le th eir master , the infamous Nicholas, betrays Finlaud in the name of the Greek Church of Christ. All
<t l'\' eonfidQnt of th e Par·adaisical reward.
:Jfary Tud or, havin g lost Calais and Ph ilip, her
dea r·cst possession and h er husband, proceeded to burn
I•Jnglishmen to the glory of God that in Paradise she
might attain to that happiness which she had not had
wit enough to grasp on earth.
Morgan looted the New Haven, Gould the Erie,
Stanford the Union Pacific, and all the Western roads
loot tl1e national forests und er the "lieu-law act. " All
mil road presidents, defun ct , are in Paradise. Wall
:-;1 r·l'et wou ld leave not enough wool on the sheep's
ha d< to embroid er the $, but no banker considers this
he
X
vale of tears as legitimate r eimbursement for his sacrifi ces in the interest of ·humanity. Only Paradise can
make up to him-and to it he looks with longing eyes.
'l'amerlane was one representative of our race who
could do a job properly. When his cohorts overthrew
a city they piled up the skulls into a mountain,. threw
down walls and houses, t~amped the mess of b'tood and
mud ~th their 800,000 horses, and, when the soil was
well-prepared, sowed it to barley. 'l'he next year saw
gr·ain fields where, before the Tartar came, was a ·populous city. All authorities agree, himself included, that
Tamerlane is in Paradise.
'l'h ese people must think that God is as easy a mark
as the Structural Iron Workers' Union, the American
Senate, or the Suprem e Court. Jt is a "case" in
supra liminal psychology . . It is that marvelous power
of the human mind to believe whatever it thinks it will, ·
irrespective of whether it knows it to be false or not.
It is· not religion; it is pathology. All rail~oad and
corporation presidents should be examined by alienists
to see if the Paradise microbe cannot be isolated. Followi.ng this, a serum from John D.'s Institute should
be inoculated into them, and they might be willing to
go to hell with the common laborer. As it is now,
Paradise must be a dangerous place.
S. H .
�...
The Western Comrade
12
Dayal and Bryan-Agitators
By WILLIAM C. OWEN
r.!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!='l F
HAR DAYAL, Hindu philosopher and
agitator, is to be deported for spe~king
harshly of the British government, there
are several million Irishmen whose skin,s
will be _in danger, and the Democratic
~
party will find votes running shy. Liliewise one may remember that . whenever
Greenbackisrri, Populism and @ther evanesl·ent forms of discontent have had the ~udacity to
r·ai,e th.cir h eads, a disposition to whack the British
government as hard as words coui.d whack 'it has always been apparent. In short, it is a national tradition that the British government stands always for the
mail ed. fist; for the absorption, via the missionary
r·outc, of the choicest portions of this littl e world; for ·
~run hoa t asscr·tion of absentee landlord and bondholder
ri g hts, with all that the blindly-struggling masses feel
instin<:tively is most objectionable. Even Mexico is at
one \\'ith 11s in this, and outside of "Cientifico" circles
.volt will hav" to trav(• ] far to run across an admirer of
Lor<l Co\HIray.
Dayal has t hl' ll'm(•J'ity to s hare these Yiews, and
- \\'hi<·h is .ohv'io11sly far· more unpardonable- to put
th c1n into t·in·u lation whl'rc thc·y will <lo the greatest
possible anJount o[ harm, viz., in Jn<.lia itself.
\\'hat thP cr iminal 's past may hav e been can cut
but littl e figure, being a<.lmissib lc at most only as cxtPnHatin g trstimony, which in matters of such gravity
dot•s not count. The thin g is that he is stirring up th L•
cliseonteute<.l, ancl that there arc more than three hundred millions of th em. 'l'h e British government which
rules these hundreds of millions is presumably, by that
ver·y fact, not entirely void of capacity to reason; it
r eads its bible relig-iously and understands the parable
of th e gm i11 of mustard seed. That Dayal is a scholar
and ascetic; that the British government itself sent
him to Oxfo r·d as a specially brilliant pupil, and that
he has heen a lecturer on philosophy at Stanford Uni.
vcrsity ; these and other good marks that might br
placed to his credit cannot be considered. Great
Britain's concern is with the present, and Dayal is dangerous.
H e himself feels no fear as to the result ; for he
claims that he has resided in th e United States three
years, and is therefore irn""mune to deportation. Others
of us ar·e not so confident; for we note the care with
which British detectives have worked up the case, following Dayal in his wanderings through- France,
Switzerland, Mar tinique and elsewher e.
As always, safety lies in open, bold, persistent agitation; in dragging tlie facts to light and forcing them
to the attention of the indifferent public's nose, In the
•
~~
.
present instance we can do this with great benefit to
the cause of international revolt, and with exceptional
force, because we have most eli tinguished backing.
Our own Secretar-y of State, William Jennings Bryan.
J{as denounced British rule in India as, I think Dayal
11imself never denounced it, and the indictment he
published was so complete that by no possibility can
he now eat his words. That indictment has been published an·d distributed broadcast by th e Briti h Committee of t.he Indian · ational Congress, having it hradqu~rters in London.
·
In the publication mentioned Bryan tells us that,
after· Yisiting India and making extended invest)gation
among men of every class, he found t11at "British rnlc
in lndia is far worse, far more hurdensomr to the peopl<', and far· more unjust- if I understand the' meanin~
,of th e word- than I had supposed." H er·e ar·e a few
of 1h<' gr·otmcls on which he based his judgment :
" Th e tronhle is that England acquired_India for
E11glan<.l 's advantao-c, not for India's, and that she
holds India for England's benefit, not fot· India 's. She
admi nisters Judia with an eye to England 's interests,
Dot India's, and she passes judgment. upon every quest ioH as a judge woulrl wer e he prrmittcd to decide his
own ca c. " It will he noted that th e argument is of
nllil'l'J'Sal application; that it applies equally to our
o11·n rule of the Philippin es and would apply should
II"C invade Mexico.
Br-yftll says fm·ther: " The govemment of India is
as Hrhih•HJ'Y and ch•spotic as the govemment of Russia·
t•vcr· ll"a s, and in two respects it is worse. First, it is
administrr·cd by an alien peopl e, wh er eas the offiiciflls
of Hm;sia arc Russians. Secondly, it drains a large
pmt of th e taxes out of thr country, wh er eas the Russian goYcrnment spends at hom e the money which it
coll ects from the p eopl e. " He then r eminds us that
the natives pay into the govel'l1ment nearly $225,000,000 a year, of w hi ch nearly $100,000,000 is expended
on a n army in which natives cannot be officers. What a
\\"Oriel of suggestion as to th e r eal situation is contained in that last comment!
Figures arc quoted to show that suspension of the
coinage of silver in India reduced the value of the
nAtives : saYings by $500,000;000, and that the death
rate has risen from 24 to the 1000 in 1882 to 34 to the
1000 at the tim e when the pamphlet in question was
published. He takes the British government's published statement for 1904-5 and shows that, while more
than $90,000,000 was appropriated for the army, only
$6,500,000 was to go for education. Yet 90 per cent
of the male population and 99 per cent of the female
(Continued on Page 25)
·
�The Western Comrade
13
Necessity Knows No Law
By C. B. HOFFMAN
W
HENEVER man-made law comes int~ conflict
with the "Law of Life" it is swept as1de:
Th e "will to live" is -the supreme power. It bows
to nothing. It is irresistible. From the simplest for~
to thP most complex o~ganism it creates organism and
or gans best suited for its expressions. Society is its
produc-t, and is continuously modified to give tha,t
" will to live" the highest and most complete manifes,
tat JOn.
Today robb ery and theft, murder and prostitution,
](•ga l and ille gal, prevail because the individual "will
to live'' is not co-ordinated with the social organism .
Th ere is unrest; discontent and conflict, because
the soc ial structure does not adequately r espond to
th e needs and aspirations-even the material needsof myriads of human beings that swarm, homeless and
unntatcJ, upon th e earth.
~otiety says: '' Thou shalt not steal,'' but when
tnan must stPa l or starve, he steals. He obeys the more
Yilal impulsr. ·wh en h e steals and kills, in ot·der to
dominate hi s fellow-men, be it by th e sword or th e
dollat·, hy war or finan ce, he steals and kills. He obeys
1he more vital impulse, even though it be hideously
·JH' n·l·rt ed .
This is histo1·y. This is today's and yesterday's
,. x JH'I·ience.
1;p to litis tim e material necessity, economic determinism, has rul ed th e destiny of th e individual and
has thus shapen th e history of the race.
But a n ew age dawns. Man has conquered the oppu gnant forces of nature. He produces material
I flings in abundance for the comfort, east and luxury
of all. •
'fhis accomplish ed, the structure of society, will, in
dn e ti.me, so change that this plentitude of mater.ial
things shall :find its way, without friction or waste, to
every individual, even as the air we breath e, the food
we eat and drink finds its way to the proper organs to
he subconsciously assimilated for the benefit and wellbeing of the whole body.
Society will produce and distribute almost automatically. Its members will :find joy and r ecreation
in the small amount of physical labor required to
create enough for all, and the problem "How to make
a living ?" which now darkens life, will sink into inignificance.
Man freed from the incubus of material ...want or
the fear of it, will rise to heights of individual development undreamed of by the most ardent individualists
of today.
Freedom consists, not in separative, individualistill,
competitive efforts to supply material needs- but,
being once freed from that bitter struggle-in stretch•
ing our wings to vast flights in the boundless regions
o( the intellect, the emotions and the spirit.
Individualism· in its deepest meanings will find its
t~ost complete expressions that is organized to produce
mB.teria,l things easily and without drudgerr or overwork, and· to distribute them spontaneously in response
'to the needs of every individual.
Economic freedom of the individua·l which can only
_be attained.. by making material production and distribution social functions, is the essential conditipn of
his social, intellectual, emo.tional and spiritual liberty.
..
WHO COUNSELS PATIENCE?
By Edgcumb Pinchon
A'l'JENCE ~ Who counsels patien ce? ·
Shall th e Social Wrong be righted by patience 1
Shall the Soul of Humanity · b~ torn from its slavestupor, its brutish unfaith, its hypnotisms, by
gentle argument, by sweet self-careful patience 1
Nay-hut the divin e abandon of ·the flaming soul, by
· the divin e imprecations of th em that are beside th emselves, by th e lash of th e scourging
Christ whom men called mad!
P atience? Who couns ~ls patience?
Th e soul that 's made its pact with Liberty knows not
th e name of patience.
.
I adore the Christ who, with thunderous brows and
powerful impatient hands, knotted his heavy
lash of writhing n eed to flay the backs of thEt
money-changers!
I adore th e Cnrist who - hungry and impatient b la st~d the barren fig-tree-Yea, tho' it waR
not th e season for :figs!
l adore th e Christ who cursed: "Vvoe unto you Scribes.
and Pharisees-Whited Sepulchres I''
J adore th e Christ who mocked: "i came not to bring
p ea ce but a sword ! ''
I adore th e Christ before whose t errible glance the
soldiery fell back amazed!
I adore the Christ of fearful damning silences, of devastating wrath, of searing satire, of writhing
impatien ce, of withering imprecations!
No flaccid psalm-singer He!
No cautious r eformist!
No timo.rous mechanical
theoretician !
But a Man-a Flaming Soul.
I adore his divine abandon I
P.
�'14
The Western Comrade
.A Product
I'.!!~~~""""• JKE
was born and raised in the slums.
He had a surname' but nobody ever bothered to use it. He was just ~p~e. one
of
the common herd.
.
·when Mike reached the age of eight
his father di_ed of delirium tremens. Two
·
years "later, unable to secure sufficient
noU!'ishment to keep two of the C9mpotwnt r»tr!s ol' 1he whol e of"matter-body and soultogether, his mother die . Nobody cared ex.cept Mike
and 1h~t didn't matter
.;
l\like lived in a te ement. The landiord came
around in his six-cylinder to, bought with money deri n~d from profit of the dar dismal, ignorance-fostering hovel in which :Mike and e rest of e common
herd lived- I mean existed ..
" Whrre 's your moth~d" asked the landlord.
''Dead.''
" \\'here's my rent? "
''W hy-dead,'' answered Mike.
The landlord waited until Mike had secured his
scanty possessions from the "flat," and then he closed
a nd locked the door, hanging a "to let " sign in the
most conspicuous place.
Mil\e slept wherever he could at night, sold papers
in the daytime, and secured a scatter·ing knowledge of
rNtding ; enou gh to enabl e him to learn about "ladies"
and "gentlemen" giving $100,000 social .entertainments, and feasting on lobsters, obtained by_ virtne of
the fact that there were still a considerable number of
•' goats'' in existence.
So Mike reached the age of 22 years, ugly, ignorant,
and devoid of hope. At this glorious period of his
"career" he was labot·iug ten hours a day as a sectionhand at $1 .25.
He as}\cd for 25 cents a day raise, and when the
foreman recovered from his surprise he fired Mike.
Jobs were scarc.e. So was money.
One morning :(\like stood before the door of a store.
'fhe baker had just passed, leaving a dozen loaves of
bread in a box with cover unlocked. The laws of society said to Mike: "You cannot have that bread,
unless you have money to pay for it, even if you are
starving to death.''
One of the la,Ys of nature...::..self-preservation-whispered to Mike: "You are hungry; here .is food; eat."
Mike obeyed the law of nature.
An officer of the laws of society, being so nE!'ar as
to cause himself no exertion, arrested Mike.
"Guilty or not guilty 1" asked the judge.
"Guilty," answered Mike.
By
WALTER BURNETT
He was placed in jail until his antecedents could be
looked up. One week later he was again before the
court.
The judge looked over his polished mahogany desk.
"Y.ou are guilty 9f larceny," he said, and then
read . Mike's antecedents: Poor, ignorant, out of
\vork, n.o money, no friends, no "pull."
"Hm," said the judge. "Bread has been stolen
from your neighborhood at frequent intervals, I will
make an example of you. '' In placing a copy of Mikli! 's
antecedents on a pointed file, he scratched his soft
white hand. He glared at the scratch with a frown.
''Three years, '' he snapped.
''Three years," automatically recorded the clerk.
''Three years,'' muttered a reporter, adjusting His
tie.
'','l'h~ee years,'' lau ghed a spectator to his .companion.
n Three years," groaned Mike in a pitifully cracked,
choking voice. "THREE YEARS!"
He went in, a clear-eyed youth. He came out, an
old man.
"Well, anyway," he thought, "I will live honest."
He bummed his way to a country town. A farmhouse stood by the roadside. Mike. knocked at the
door.
"I'm looking for work."
''"What can you do?'' asked the farmer.
''Anything. ''
''Well, we n eed men to get the hay- - Say, where
did you come from~'' noticing Mike's prison pallor
and other telltale signs. Mike was about to say "back
east,'' but he knew appearances were against him, so
he said '' pris@n."
"\Vait a minute," said the farmer. He returned
\vith a shotgun. "Now git!"
Mike "got." .
This was an up-to-date neighborhood. Farmhouses
were connected by telephone. ·when Mike reached the
next house he was persuaded by a rifle to leave before
he stated his business. The next place resembled a
miniature fort; others were made conspicuous by
white-fanged bulldogs.
The law of self-preservation whispered to Mike
again. P erhaps h e would need a. revol·ver for protection. Jfe purchased one with part of the small sum of
money given him when he left prison.
Coming back to the farmhouses he approached one
and found the inmate sitting on the porch, with a gun
in his hand.
''I'm looking for work,'' said Mike.
(Continued on Page 27)
�~
1!)
The We s tern c 'omrade
The Wilwaukee Co-operativists .
T
HE Bay View ' ' bunch '' began it. And they were
r egarded at first with some suspicion, as being
ta inted with her esy. But having one of the strongest
ward branches in th e city-th e Seventeenth wardand being a pretty solid unit on most matters which
they undertook, th ey wer e not afraid of anybody.
Th e t ime was just after the defeat of the Socialist
administrat ion. And that was also largely the reason.
You sec, some of the "woozy"-that means . '"'nonpnrtisan" in Mil wauk ee- are st or ek eep ers. And some
of them r eally for got that the so-called defeat of the
Soe ialists in Milwaukee was accomplished by counting
up about 31,000 Sociali ts. Anyway, some of the little
sto rekeepers actually became arrogant and overbearing
toward t he Socialist s wh o patronized t heir stores.
!-;eyeral of them out on Howell avenue went the limit,
almost r efusin g to wa it on Socialist customers.
I n May a nd Jun e, 1912, they wer e agitatin ~, studyin g, and or ganizin g. By July th ey had out their incorporation papers, und er t he new Wisconsin co-operative
Ia 1\". (This was framed by a Socialist member of the
Society of Equity- of t he farmers- and pushed through
loy th e Socialists in t he 1911 Legislature. )
On August 28, 1912, they opened th eir store. Th ey
had bou ght out a little neighborhood store, run by a
nn mg Socialist , hired him and two other experienced
l!rocery men to tak e charge, and broke loose.
Th ey had about $2000 in cash· ·when they started.
n." J-anuary, 1913, they had sold $] 0,000 worth of
~oods, invested $2840 in stock , developed a trade
ex tending over half of the city, and prepared to begin
on a development of th e whol e county. They paid a
rliYidend of abou t 2.5 p er cent on the purchases of
stockholders for this firs~ period.
In January, 1914, the audit. of the business for 1913
showed a t otal business for the y ear of about $50,000.
Th e number of employes had grown to t en, with three
wagons going most of the time on r egular routes, ranging from South Milwauk ee to W est Allis and all of Milwa ukee ex cept the East Side, wh ere the aristocrats live.
The r eason the busin ess did not show high p r ofits
owing to the expemse of building up this widely
1ras
1
s!'attered trade. But this seemed the wisest way in t he
long run, as comrades everywhere were asking to be
s<·rYed , and not to have served them would p robably
hn ve r esulted in the organization of scatt er ed stor es,
under mor e or less conflicting management, ~nd the
pr·obable failur e of some of t hem. Slower growth, with
solid r esults, has been achieved, with a cont inuous and
(':<perieneed management at the helm all t he while.
The d evelopment of t he west and north side wagon
trade finally made it wiser to open a branch st ore on
the west side, and this was accomplished during the
week before Christmas. The instant and splendid
growth of the trade at this store has justified the ·new
step. Milwaukee will show Socialists of America the
practicability of co-operation, even under capitalism,
and while ~e are working for its overthrow.
.
G. E. R
To the Woman 1n the Dark
By Eleanor Wentworth
S
ISTER, we 'k,now the pain
That stabs your ·heart as you strive in vain
t o know ·yourself, to be yourself;
'l' o win world-wisdom, not · glory or pelf.
Art -not the ~or rowing Muse that 's dumb,
The Muse bereft of the power of tongue 1
\ Ve see the bitter tears,
Mothers' heart's blood are th ey, and f ears
For your babe-all babes- whom greed maims.
While you stand with your hands in chains.
Slavery, once clothed with sweetest charm,
Is now the cause of wild alarm.
Mothers always . are sworn
To serve, not babes, but men; they 're shorn
Of freedom for no racial gain,
'Tis but to lie in passion's chain.
Babes are served when no fathers call
And Woman is not ser ved at all.
It is not love that's wrong,
But the way we've served it for so long,
Living not for bu{ by this love,
As slaves below, puppets above;
'l'he hapless instruments that fill
'l'he primal good witli. endless ill.
Because you stand alone
Your burdens weigh your spirit down.
Our hearts year n as we hear y our cries.
Come to us! In unity lies
Th e strength to t ear the film away,
Which obscu r es thou ght and sight today.
·-
Come to us, Sister ours!
W e need y our hidden, sleeping powers.
W e shall lead sweet love fr om his cell,
Unbind his eyes at last. He'll dwell
With folded wings no more apart, But in the t hrobbing, great world's heart.
-
.,.. ...
.. .f
\.
�16
The We·s t.ecn Co mr a d e
Colonists Demon
Llano Del Rio, in Vast, Fertile Valley of Southern Califo
Future Developm
By F
J,ANO DEL RIO COLONY, in tbe Ante;
lope Vall ey, is attracting widespread
attention as the largest co-nperative
colonization enterprise -ever launched in
the United States.
Inquiries have been pouring in from
a lmost every · state, and so great an
intr rest is taken that scores of p ersons
have announced their intention to visit the colony in
thf' Jll•ar- futtire. Several thousand extra copies of
. This ·article i written for the purpo e of eo ering
some of the information previously carried, and to
reply to· spme questions continually being a k ed.
The colony is situated in the Antelope VaHey, J.o
Angeles county, California, about seventy mil{'s f rom
Los Angeles, by automobile road or by railway to
Palmdale, on the Sou thern Pacific Lin e.
The land lies on a high plateau that slope aently
to tli e nortlf'ward from the foothills directly t.o the .
north of the Sierra Madre Range, San Bernardino
Mountain's. Most of the property is between the Rio
del Llano, also known as Big Rock Creek, on the w est,
and l\f escal Creek on th e east. It is from th-e e two
f'treams that th e colonists will obtain the water for the
irrigation of th e lands below.
Th e ~,·at er supply fo r th ese two streams is from ·
t he high mountains from th e south, where t he snow
lies in the deep Ganyons the greater part of t he year.
T he business of the coloJJy has been thus far under
t he corporate nam e of Mesca l Water and Land Company. in corporated under t he laws of th e state of Califom ia. This was a corporation taken over at the t ime
i"the colonization plans were being form ulated, and it
pr-oYidcs a p ractical and safe working basis. l;atcr
th e name will be changed to one more appropt·iate to
t he enterprise.
•
Th e land lirs at an altitude of about 3500 f eet, and
th e climate is healthful and invigorating. 'fhis elevat ion, aided by the cooling breezes from the mountains,
insures an equable and agt·eeable climate in spring,
smnmer and autumn. Dm·ing the winter the rainfall
in t he vall ey is slight, and there is a high percentage
of su nshine. 'fhe th ermomet er r egisters as low as
freeziJ?g point during the winter, and the air becomes
bracing, and it is th e. e cool nights that make the valley
an ideal place to raise deciduous fruits.
Th e soil is largely drcomposed granite, which, when
r xposrd to th e air by cultivation and irrigation,
Rio del Llano (rive r of the plain ), also known as Rock
oxidizes and becomes soft, friable and rich.
cree k. Th is photograph, taken in the latter part· of June,
g ives some idea of the volume of v isible water flow ing in the
The warer. r esources of the corporation are suffibed of the strea m at a point near where it enters the valley...
cient to irrigat e all the land under its control. E x'l;HE \VI·~S'l'E H.N CO:\IRADE for June which carried clusive rights ha,·e been secured on the waters of
artic!Ps dcseribinu the location and the plans for the Jackson ·s ''6ake, :\Iescal Creek and Boulder Creek,
colony, have been sent ou t on r equ est, and th e edit ion which the engineers of the company declare are suffiis ncnr)y exhau ted.
e ient to irriga te 10.000 acres of land.
�17
Tbe Western Comrade
rate Co-operation
is Scene of Remarkable Undertaking---Outline of Plans for
f Great
·Enterprise
,
WOLFE
Considerable hydro-electric power can be . devel- .
oped at these points. This power will be used to run
farming, factory and domestic machinery; heat and
light all th e public buildings and private dwellings in
th e colony.
'J'he land , water and climatic conditions render this
an ideal spot for the growing ·of deciduous fruits, such
as pears, appl es, peaches, plums, cherries, apricots,
oli\'C~S, figs a nd walnuts.
Th e p ellt'S grown in this district are especially fine.
'l'hmw at Littl e Roek , a few miles directly west from
1h(' colony, lll'C bringing in a large earning to the fortunat e owners of the orchards.
Alfalfa Parns good profits, and after the first year
yit'lcls h·om four to six cutting~ a year.
'l' ht· r·olony now has about 375 acres · growing in
alfalfa . aud th e men are cutting on about 300 acres.
~orn e of th e n ewly cleared land is being planted in
knffir· rom and other sma ll grai_n, which will be used
to f eel th e stock as a"finisher." Hogs are being fed
t he alfalfa. and th<·y a r·c increasing at a satisfactory
rntr. Thc·sc porkers will form one of the highly conc·pn tratrd products of the colony, as the prices are
Iii 1\'llYS high and the demand Steady.
All l\iuds of berries, small fruits and garden truck
will be ginn careful attention. Dairy and poultry
pt·odu ts will be among the . output for the market.
With the gardening, poultry raising, dairying and fruit
"'t·owing conducted on a large, collective scale, the
eoloni t
xpect to produce 95 per cent of the food
they con ·ume, and have a large marketable margin.
'J'he company aims to attract about 1000 men and
women to the colony. These, with their families, will
t con titute a gathering that will make a population for
· . n fait·- iz d eity. According to plans, this city will be
built on t h hio-h table land at the southern side of the
propcrt,v. Land cape artists architects and others are
plannina an ideal city both from a viewpoint of beauty
and utility.
'J'h > plan under which p er ons are entering the
eolony i a follows:
·Each m mb r ub cribe for 2000 shares of stock
at n par Yalu of 1 per hRI'e. Five hundred of these
har!'
lll'f'
paid for in ea h on entering th.e colony.
No one member is allowed to own more than 2000
shares.
Every working inember receives a wage of $4 a
day. 'JlJiere is no scale, and everyone is on. the same
basis with every: <?ther one. Of this wage $1
to be
set aside to p ay for the remaining 1500 shares of stock.
T.he remaining $3 go to the credit of the worker, and
from this be pays for his rood, clothing, shelter. and
other . necess!V'ies and luxuries. Whatever margin
is left after ·that, is deposited to his credit. A certain
is
Dam No. 1, on the Mescal, is the first concrete construction in the colony. The cement mixer Is operated by a gasoline engine, and it does the work of several men. With a
small crew excellent progress was made on the diverting dam.
ao-reed amount of cash may be drawn from this each
0
'
year. Provision is made for vacations.
Anyone wi hing to withdraw may do o, sellin·g
(Continued on Page 25 \
·I
�T b'e Western Comrade
18
NIMBLE DOLLAR DOPE
APIT ALISM is squirming and writhing as in
'
the throes of green apple angina. Out of the
agony grows " Nimble Dolla_r" nonsense, armies of
Optimism, frugal Fridays and prosperity parades.
Th e sad fr ature is that captains and ginerals of
(other p eoples ' ) industry don 't know whtln and
wh ere it swallowed th e immature manzana . .
In gettin g at causes, the working class i¢ giving
scr·iou s consider ati n to th e financial problems, and
t his proj ects a small cloud over the horizon and in
t hat cloud wise finan ciers forsee a coming storm that
bids fair to sweep Capitalism out of existence.
E very r eader of this magazine should study Edgcumh Pinchon 's articles on th e coming co-operative
banks to he establish ed by labor.
H ere al'e a few facts whi ch should be pondered:
Capitalism, about on e hundred years old, grew up
on a system of cash exchange. The system is outoutgrown and now 90 per cent of business is done
· on cr edit. 'l'his cr·edit r ests upon the dollar, but
· th ere is about nine dollars' credits for every dollar
in actual existence.
Capitalists do busin ess on the check and exchange system. Th e poorer class- the workershave no credit and no checks. Organized labor of
America has about $25,000,000 in its treasuri~s and
about $500,000,000 in individual savings."tr'he· workers of America have over $7,000,000,000 in savings.
Based on every dollar of this is nine dollars in credits. The workers deposit these billion dollars in
savings banks and the banks lend the money to capitalist exploiters.
Now for the b.i g idea: Let the workers withdraw th eir money from the Capitalists banks and
·deposit in the coming co-operative banks of labor.
These banks are already forming. For every dollar
withdrawn nine dollars' credits of Capitalism will
disappear!
\Nhen this, movement starts the whole fabric of
exploitation will be shaken. Ultimately it will be
destroyed . The sleeping giant is :awak'ening:-
AGAINST HIS CONSTITUTION
T 'S all off. Here 's where we curl up like a discouraged caterpillar and quit the game. Chester
H. R~welt'has smashed us on the beezer and we go
to the rna~ for the count. ·
S!tting in solemn tribunal Chester has called the
proposed universal eight-hour law for California
workers-up before· his high bar ·of justice and pronounced' it unconstitutional. H e says it's class legi~lation and inasmuch as it is a working clas~ leg..
islation it is condemned out of hand. Doubtless this
action was taken without consultation with Otisit wasn't n ecessary.
What con,.stitution will be offended is not stated,
but it is morally certain that Chester's temperamental, physical and financial constitution will be
shock ed ~vhen the eigh -hour law shall be adopted·.
And rightly.
Think of the hardships this would entail on overpaid and underworked clerks, cashiers, solicitors, r e·
porters ;:tnd edit ors, and other intellectuals on Mr.
Rowell 's n ewspaper!
As for the mechanical department-well, that
]ow-browed bunch of typesetters, stereotypers, pressmen, et c., had the poor taste to organize into those
hat ed labor uni oos and lon g ago forced an eighthour day for themselves!
No wonder Chester 's constitution is already in
rebellion against such an outrageous idea as an eighthour day.-F. E. W.
C
I
F; E. W.
F ARDRS AROUSED
N ENGLAND the National Farmers ' Union
threatens to strike for better housing, garden
plots and- leisure to· work the gardens. Lloyd
George met the demands of a deputation in the way
representatives of government usually meet themby handing out a set of well-worded promises.
The incident is illuminating and consoling in one
way: the farm'ers s~mewhere have the good sense
to organize and make demands which, one sincer-ely
hopes, they are prepared to follow with vigorous
action.-F. 'E. W.
,. . .
I
• • •
�The Western Comrade
BATTLING FOR THE LORD
NE of the delightful -events of the eason is the
little doings between Amos Pinchot and George
\1{. Pf'rldns, chairman of the Bull ~Ioo e Executive Committee. Pinchot strolls onto the fields of
Esdraelon, which is the same township and range :
a-; Armageddon, and there he is met by Perkins.·
\\'hile th e ficr·ce light beats down on h·i-s brow Pinchot
r·aisPs his voice and asks if Perk is honest. 'PerkinS
r-<•sponcls with all thr force and logic of a fat. checkhook , and HH'y are at it, battling for the Lord.
Pinr·hot points out the absurdity ·of placing the
words " sot·ial and industrial justice" on the Bull
:\loose hanrwrs ar;rd r etaining as chairman a man
whose recor·d shows him to be an enemy to the
" ·of'l<ing c·lass and a foe to justice.
Thus Pinchot sees in Perkins a J·onah who wiil
hr·ing a sto rm of disapproval from Labor. The Bull
l\l oose hunch is holding hig~ hopes that there are
enou gh Hcm·y Dubbses of Labor to fall for th e l-ure
und r lret the>ir· rand idates.
ln C'a lifo1'llia we have a fine example of this
:--tupidity. Her·e some of the so-called leaders of
Labor arr urging the members of unions to work for
tlH• rl<•ctioll of the man who permitted the San Diego
at r·oei til's, <"JH:our·aged thP \\Theatland outrage and
clir·e>rted th e assault on the ·disemployed at Sacramento.
Is La hor· the hlind, dumb · creature of a muddy
brain that the Bull Moosers thinkL !Jet us hope the
flwakening is at hand , and that the workers refuse
to he fooled again.- F. E. W.
0
want and t:b y know they will t it though the
journey be long and blood tr Wn.
'Tierra y Libertad! - ' Land _a nd Libert !
That means a long, bitt r fighJ. It m an that the
man who goe into the fiaht with that battl ry on
hi •iips may be killed--h - can t be eonqu r d.
This truagle i commanding the attention of tb
eJ1tire world. Military dictator and political intriguers may come ruid go but the da of p onag in
Mexico is ·past forever. This agrarian upri ing i a
-wonderful movement. Radical the world ov r
should not only watch. this contest but sl10uld h lp
it, and ta:ke it as a valuable lesson of the advantage
of action over theorizing.-F. E. W.
... ... ...
UNREST AND CIVIL WAR
F ,_,HE Industrial Relations Commis i~n will p rmit .us to direct its attention for a moment to
the situation in the copper mining distric~ it may
discover there some more causes for· the "unrest"
it is investigating.
The Ca lumet mine owners have broken every
promise they made to the Commissioners. 'l'hey
l1ave su~ceeded, by their rnisrept·esentation, in getting th e stril<e eall.ed off without signing any agreement. Th ey have refused employment to all who
t estified before the investigators. They have refu.s ed
to hire men who took part in the strike, even though
they had taken no prominent part, and had not b en
arrested by the mine guards.
Miners in the .district, who have gone back into
the Calumet & H ecla at the old subsistence wage,
know that that company has just paid to the New
MEDIATION AND ACTION
England parasites, who own stock in th e corporaBILE medj.ators are sipping gin rickeys and tion, dividends to the amount of $1,800,000, and that
dawdling over orchid salads at Niagara Falls, th e company has a surplus of $10,716,000.
and- Hu erta is chuckling at his success in outwitting
The miner:s know that these millions are fleecthe cockey naval officers and ponderous-minded dip- ings. This knowledge and awakening will be the
lomats, Pancho Villa's tatterdemalion army is filling beginning of the power of the workers. If the
cartridge belts, adjusting rifle sights and fighting · workers become convinced that men toiling under
it way steadily toward the capital. Most of the such conditions as the miners of Michigan, of West
men who are fighting-and winning-in the M:exi- Virginia and Colorado, cannot Recure indust rial and
economic freedom through p eaceful means, and that
an r evolution never heard of Niagara Falls.
ut of the profundity of their ignorance, Ameri- the master class stands ready to shoot and bayonet
can persist in saying !he Mexicans do n_o t know them back to their tasks, then we have reached the
what they are fighting for. Never was there a more point in America where we have all the elements
tupid tatement. They know precisely what they of a civil war.-F. E. W.
... ... ...
W
I.
�20
The We s tern C o m r a de
THE STATE AS .A.N EXPLOITER
ing silent, made the most of their opportunity and
F THOSE who established the parcels post had an incr eased their v~te to 230,000, and this year elected
idea of giving the people a half-way measure and seventy-three legislators. .
,
French militarists blundered when they increased
allowing t he express companies to continue their extortionate rates and indifferent service, their illu- the :appropriations and lengthened the term of servsions have been rudely dispelled. There is a wide- . · ice to three years . . Socialists who opposed the polic~
spread and insistent d emand for extensions of serv- bad 1,125,000 votes and seventy-five deputies in
ice. This clamor is irresistible and the ,service is 1911. With militarism as the issue, the Socialist
improving from week to week, this without regard vote in 191:4: rose t0 1,400,000 and the number of
for the overburdened postoffice employes.~ ·
d eputies to 102.
Close on th e heels of the announcement that the
Why ,do we allow this opportunity to ·pass ·why
postal depai'tment will carry farm, dairy and poul- not make anti-intervention in Mexico and anti-militry products in ce rtain zones, come the advertise- tarism in Colorado and other states our big issue ?
ments of th e Adams Express Company of its new Can it be we are so afraid of losing a few votes that
ord er and food products service, "to promote more we shrink from our duty and thus lose a great opint imat r r elations between producer and consumer." . portmtity ?-F. E. W.
.
Now wat ch" t he underpaid and overworked post•
•
•
office employe and the underpaid and overworked
SHIPPING TRUST MURDERS
express company employe shoulder heavier burdens
F THE l!nited States Sena:e ratifies ~h e_ London
in this competition hetween a privately owned capiConvention on Safety of L1 fe at Sea 1t, m effect,
talist institution and a collectively owned state capi- ·will be a sanction of the murder of the victims of
talist bureau for exploitin g the workers.- F. E. Vv. the Empress of Ireland disaster .
I
0
I
• • •
OUR GREA'f OPPORTUNITY
:\IEIUCAN Socialists are making a profound
mistal< P in overlool,ing an opportunity to
make the most of every war move on th e part of
Capitalist controllers of th e country.
Th e efforts of a popinjay naval officer and .Jingo
journals to bring ahout international strife in ~!f ex
ico should have been met by a terrific anti-military
campaign.
As a party builder nothing beats an anti-militarism campaign. L~ P euple, Socialist daily of Brussels, has compiled a startling, table showing the
valu e of this line of activity. In Bulgaria the vote
was increased from 25,000 to 85,000 by an anti-war
campaign. Italian Socialists had twenty-four depu ties in the Chamber previous to the war with Tripoli. After the struggle the anti-war faction of the
Socialists elected fifty-three representatives.
In Sweden the Socialists cast 172,980 votes in
1911 and elected sixty-four members. The king and
the jingos t ried to stampede the nation into a p olicy
of militarism by pulling tlre ancient Russian terror
scare. The Socialists, instead of yield.ing or remain-
A
. The powerful shipping interests have fought
every move toward laws that would force safety
appliances -and full crews on th e lar·gest passengercarrying steamers. Conditions under th e r ecent
London conYention ar(' even worse than the British
law. Big ships are all undermanned and th ese proYisions declare that only 75 p er cent of the cr ew are
needed for handling lifeboats!
One-half of most of the crews n eed interpt·eters
to be able to understand order·s from officers, and
these are un!rained, unskilled, in efficient and inexperienced landsmen. Andrew Furuseth declares
that the appalling loss of life in the disasters to the
Titanic, Volturno, Oceano, Valencia, Columbian and
Empress of Ireland is traceable to undermanning
and unskilled handling of vessels.
The Senate adopted the Lafollette seaman's bill.
October 23 last, but the House bas taken no action.
This is considered a reasonably effective measure.
For the Unite·d States to adopt this measure and
reject the London convention would be to severely
r ebuke Hre murderous shipping tr-ust. What is your
guess about th e outcome of pending action Y-F.
E. W.
�"
.1
Tbe
e
c
r
H
t ~ ~
- ory of exieo
that naturally OftmiJ is that if our
1lt1Y h' ~ had ~ written thus one
:we
ll'ametl what it .-~ aJJ about instead of Jeaming one
1lfiy to fm-gd th~ nest .-hieh general brought up which
~~~,.~~n upon .-bil~h date and bow :many men were
"kW~>tt ' 'fb• lat1...t and m.ost ae~"lUate, up-to-the-hour
,;U.tory 1~ entitled. "The :llexiean People: Their
~frnl(glf>' for Jt~r..e()om, ., by L. Guiterrez DeLara and
,'
J~AYJ,'(J ~
t~
,_;,)geumb Yiuebon.
Hr~ndlt:d throughout with the blood
11f lwr Joyal people i~ the tragi~ history
o( ) Jt•xieo, but the detail"' of slaughter are
tmly re(•ounted whf'r~ ne,·es.'lary for the
UIHierKtaiJIJing of thl'!
Cf'3HC1CISK
Struggle
whieh lwr HonR of the Koil have wag d
ll~ltftiHt {:ntrcndrNl prh·il .gc in- c-hurch
rwd Htnte und for impres~;ing thP ineredlllll' •·xtJ'{'IrtcH to '~hkh the H ouKe of Jiayc
will I'I'Hort to rnaiutain itl!!;lf upon the
Klwtdd(•f'K or t}li) JIOllfH! of work.
'fht! lwol< iH frnnldy wOJ·I<ing c: l11ss in
lt11 Kytrt pnthi •11, IlK 1o h (~ intclligrnt a
l111Hii•l'll li if.;to r·y ttl11S1. lw. That was wh11t
\I'II H tit!' trlltlli•t' wi11t 0111' tdtool histori es;
\h 1•y Wi' l'l' 11ot in1PIIigrllt.
It marks a
di •]Hir'llll'l' ill hiHio r·.v writing from progI'I 'HK by K\lfl( ' t' htllrrrrn a11.r·ilni1(•S in great
111 1'11 \1\ )11'01-{I'I'HH thr·ou rh tlfc ua tma)
1 11Ji'o Jd i11~ Of' llt !il !• t·iuJ fOI'(• ('fl, i11 th r I'IIRC
~~ i•X ii•O , hoWI'\'('f', hl?in g <'hirfly a tal(~
IJi' [h!' \l')'l'_t']\ fl lld l' llil1 Of c•ollision hetWC('J\
t li mw l'o 1'1'11 antl int rrsts opposed 1o
l'!tll·ill l d PVPlopnH•rd .
'l't•tt t', tIll' vir! Il l'S of t he lt r 1·ors of
t 11,. pun piP- IfidHi go, Gu l'l'CI'O, :i\'[ o1·clos,
,fnttt'I'1.- Hn' paiut ed in mono ·hrom r, with
nn l-lh tH.li n ~. of humu11 failin g yet who
shnll tlPH, til lll!U't. t' f t he reYolntion
hi. ll l'l1 l '
or
pain wa
developed iu it hlood-lu t
fanaticism.
In r e cuing th(' Yirtuf:' of t.h nati
races of Mexico from th
p
·of Spani h hi torian 1\lr.
Lara laim
that t he barbarou nnd d g nerate nati
priesthood was not an ztec p culiarity,
but a peculiarity ~f priest ra.ft in all ag s.
·:He believes the native blood, wit h its int 1ligence, artistry and g ntl u s , will y t
overcom13 its evillegncy of pnni 11 ndmi. ture. Th e hrilliant stret h of nl;l.tiv rul
from 1856 to 1876 is quotcd in proof of th
abili ty and superiority of the nativ 1'8. s.
Th e jealousy of th e Mcxi nn p opl
for theiR national int eg1·ity is shown ll
dominant cl1a1·act eristi c, and upon t.hnt
and the religious instinct, chur h and
privilege were a~l e to play .for t it >ir own
purposes. Religious in stinct is d finnd by
the authors as thr ''deep, ohliqu cly expressed d esir.c of the partially awalccned
DeLara Is or.e of the rare types man to become initiate in t hat scicnc of
of men who not only ag:tates,
but fights. For years he worked mind which h e dimly divines will man j .
for the revolution. Again and
agai n he r isked his life before pate him from the fear which is ignorthe revolt began. As a political
refugee he was persecuted when ance, eradicate the r eflex mattcr-impuls 8
he sought sanctuary In America.
He was imprisoned several t i mes which he c-alls passion, and make him
In the United Statea. In the field
altogether human, the supreme master of
he fought w i th d i stinction.
himself and his environment." Priest·raft and the church as an institution a,re attacked
without mercy. The r ebel worker clung to hiH re1igion
on the battlefield and the ingrained corrupti1m which
fear ignorance and supersitition had wrought in bit
Oienta.l caliber plucked victory frol!l his hamk, which
were paralyzed for the working out of the cou.titu,
tion' provisions by the thundering blutf of a pope'•
mandate. Th the Ayutla revolution, with itt great
�22
The Western Co.mrade
.
ccnstitution of 1857, establishing the Man Right over
th e Property Hight, was robbed of adequate r esults.
Of th e constitution th e writers say :
"If you shall ask th e Mexican man of the p eople,
lw he pNH:Pahl e peon tilling the fi elds, or skilled
mec hanic in th e shop, or student in .the schools, or
mim•r· toilin g in noisom e d epths, or fighter· with rifle
at hal'k for th e fath erland and liberty-what is the
d eep,.est desire of his hPa rt, his answer will be, 'The
· <·onstitution of 1857. '"
F or·pign int erference has ever been the bane of
l\I exico-first Spain, later Fr·ance, the planting inter ests
o f th f' South , and last, American Big Business.
Diaz ' laur·ds as " railroad builder and rpaker of
M cxico · ' a re shorn from him . Th e creation of the
" Diaz :\l yt h ' . is att rihu tcJ to t he ccrlossal con cessions
in whi<·h lall·ypr·s, cditor·s, politicians and preachers of
Yarious nat if) nalitit·s \l't•r·t· shan~hold e rs-a "world
{'Onspira<'y whi<·h d efamed and ·exploited th e common
peopl e of l\l ex it·o fo r thirty-four y ears. • • ~ It was
a mattPr of di1·id entl s."
Tht• stor.v of thP t' l'ir·t ions of th e people under the
Didator, t!H· plund c·r of their lands and th e s-elling of
thr·m in to s htvt·r·y is Pnou~h to account for ~i ny number
o f ,V<'a r·s of fighting as long as th e people have auy
lighting hlootl Idt in t heir \'Pins. ''The agrarian
d t'II!Ot'l'at·y oJ' :\Jt•X i"O \\'aS r·PdUt·t•d to the lowest slavery
• • • a t t h<' hdt <'St of th e l:w<l sp('(:ulator and
fh t' ehtn·d r.' '
'J'!w l\fade ro disappointnH·nt t·btrified tlw p eople's
minds. Prt•ssed out of it ·was a ne\1' r·r·y, "Viva Ia
'Tierra 1 Viva Ia Constitu.cion! " Th ey wou ld fight for
ct·orwmie r·ror·ganization auclnot for a man henceforth.
Th<' pt•r·s<'<'ution of th e Lihentl .Junta- the i\fagons,
Villareal, Hi1·cm - und er th e Hoosevelt r egime is
rP!ated, a nd r r cdit for its rducational work in Mexico
:u:cord ccl '' Hegenerac ion.'' Memory is r efr eshed upon
the part Roosevelt, that champion of righteousness,
played in sentencing Mexico to pay a mill ion and a h alf
dollars to th e Catholic Church in. Californi~ and over
fo rty-thr·pp thousand annually in perpetuity.
Th e cont iuuons revolt of the Mexican people against
eeonomic slavery is differentiated from the comic opera
r evol utions of t he Latin r epublics between the "ins"
and th e '' outs. '' One wonders that there is any virile
hl9od left in l\1cxico. Sadly the au t hors admit that
the toll of war has almost swallowed up th e breed of
Hidalgo. Tir e present r evolution speaks volumes for
the te na~ ity a nd vitality of th e Mex-ican people.
The history is brought down to the -'Usllrpation by
I:J;,uer·ta . 'l'h l' democratization of th e land is r ecognized
as the object for· which th r r ebels a re fighting...:.....an
agr at·ia n r·evolution by the p eons. The manipulations
hy the oil a nd <.:9mrn Prcial int et·ests are considered incid ental and inPvitahlt• complieatiohs, Big Business
.
et ernally seeking adYantage · out of every move of the
proletariat. Of the industrial questions which, in a
machine age, must tread on the heels of an agrarian
democracy when won, the book does n()t de-~1; further
than that the authors believe that, upon the .foundation
of an agrarian democracy, an industriaf democracy
must arise. lu the closing pages the young industrial
· giant of discor·d I'aiscs its head in th e strikes of the
Orizaba cotton mills and of Cannan ea.
Th e b~ok has two distinct values: One, the clearing
away of ,false ideas in regard .to Mexico and its people:
the other, it . trips the glamour of benevolent motives
.f roin th e d ealings with l\£exico of the United States and
othet· count ries and ·pr~sents the stark truth that .Americ'an and w.erld capitalism has been ; and is, in league
again t th e proletariat of Mexico for its owri sordid
inter est. .\nd whHe the ::vrexican master class is
depicted as t he most depraved and bloodthirsty in history, t he ~ocialist will see that the story of the Mexican
pr·olctariat is in g r ea t er ot· less degree and in varying
t.: ir;e umst'an ~·t'S the story of t he proletariat · in every
t:ountry.
There are wany fine photographic illustrations, and .
th P splendid mastery of English and the fluent, r eadable style of :\'Ir. DeLam's collaborator, M't·. Pinchon,
111ake the hook one of sustained interest. It is a book
for· the stml ent and the worker.
'"fHE ~IEXl CAN PEOPT. . E; THEIR STRUGGLE
J.'OR FREEDOM.'' By L . Guiterrez DeLara and Edg(·tunh Pinehon. Dou~lcday, Page & Co., $1.50.'
A WAITER
By Rose Paster Stokes
'l'he loug aUt] weary day I stand and waitAnd all the enning to the midnight hour:
Th e rn en a rt> gay, the women beautiful ;
They eat the food I dare but only smell,
And drink th e wines I. may not hope to taste:
Th ey mol'e a n eyelash or a haughty brow.
Or lift a fin ge t· or a r a ucous voice,
And I obey and give them. what th ey will.
They drink and eat , and talk their empty talk
\Vhilc I , pale, wea ry, statue-like and dumb.
Stand waiting.
1 stand and wait, and ponder as I wait:
For· you the leisure and th e wine of life;
l•'oe you the glory and the fruit of love.
For· us the hondu ge and t he bitter leas!
For us ti re Yr nom of our love's d espair!
And ?Ou-you fancy we shall long endure?
No! not for·c,·er shall we
Yes, sit· ; wineT
9
Por·t , sir - yes, sir !
I am pale and dumb:
Tlfey chat t t>r' on; nor ever dream that we
An• thinking- yes, and waiting for a time
-The Masses.
J nst waiting.
�The W e s c e·r n Com r a d e
Revolt Develops P·o et
C
AHL SANDBURG will be lucky if he succeeds in
<•scaping the accusation that he is a "rising poet
of' the revolution." That is usually wh ~t happens to
,.,.JH'Is who hurst into song.
·
~and lmr·g was astonished when hE: found himself
in tll,l' spotlight in Chicago r ecently when POETRY
· pr·inted a gr·oup of his verses. The daily newspapers
and press associations carried stories about th e amazing boldrwss of the man who called Chicago th e " Hog
But!'her fo r the Wor·ld." Sandb\1rg
will be heard from again, and · the
world will lmow his worth.
ln personal appearance this poet
and stedgehammer writer is tall,
almost gaunt, with a face that comma nds a ttention where seen. It cannot be described unl ess one might
c-ompare it with one of Rodin's wonderful Citizens of Calais. It is a face
thHt is hcantiful in its hom eliness, its
st'rength and steruness. · When Ir e
smiles one for·grts the other exprt•ssion a nd t hink s of ],conarrlo da Vinci
"'' t liP Youthful Goethe.
\\' ll<'ll l't•pr·rsentativPs of t iH• newspapers sought
~<IIH ihnrg-. aftl'l' th e· publication of his verses, he suhlll<' l'gt•d all til t> int c·ll rdual sid e of his li fr and cont•t•aled
I ht• stor~· of his eoll cgc training,· and th e \\Tit ers dr·ew
'' toiPrnhl ~· faithful pietlll'c of th,~ poet as a r·ugged
hri,·k,vard toil r r· and a. railroad 0onstruction work er .
Till'~' dt·st·r·ihed him correctly as a formr r· itiner·ant
Ia hon·r· and on e-time soldier in Porto Rico.
~ nn dhm· g " 'flS Emil Seidel 's secretary during th e
:-io,·ialist administration in Milwaukee.
Tlrt·s<· seledions arc from th e verses printed in
J'OETRY:
. AT A WINDOW
Give me hunger,
0 you gods that sit and give
The world its orders.
Give me hunger, pain and w~nt,
Shut me out with shame and failure
_..
From your doors of gold and fame,
Give me your shabbiest, weariest hunger!
..
But leave me a little love,
-~ ,voice to spea.k to me in the day end.Jo~ftand to touch me in the dark room
B aking the long loneliness.
I
·x
In the dusk of day-shapes
Blurring the sunset,
One litile wandering, western star
Thrust out from the changing shores of shadow.
Let m6 go to the windo\1;{,
. ;;;. -v
Watch there the day-shapes of dusk
And wait ~!oDd know the coming ·
Of a ~ittle love.
THE ROAD AND THE END ·
I
~hall ~oot
it
road}Vay in the dusk,
Where siuipes of. h~ger wander
And the ·fugitives of ·pain go by.
Do~ 'the
I shall foot it
In the silence of the morning,
See the night slur into dawn,
Hear the .slow great winds arise
Where tall tr.ees flank the way
And ·shoulder ·toward the sky.
The broken boulders by the road
Shall not commemorate my ruin.
Regret shall be the gravel under foot.
I shall watch for
Slim birds swift ·of wing
That go where wind and ranks of thunder
Drive the wild processionals of rain.
The dust of the traveled road
Shall touch my hands and face.
•
Those "lnalienable"IRights
~orn e "rights " which ar e alienated whenever Slll'lt
artion is n ecessary to th e convenience and comfort or
you r masters.
All "natural" rights.
Freedom of speech.
Frredom of th e press.
Peaceful assemhlag·e.
To bear arms.
To trial by jury of your peers .
To hold political opinions.
To rrgard your borne as your castle.
Pursuit of happiness.
_,
Life.
Liberty.
E. d'O.
�24
The Western Comrade
Man's Ot:igin and Destiny
By T. W. HEINEMAN
Sciectific--Dramatic--Allegoric
Introductory
1'he myster·y of existence! \Vhen.ce and wherefore
cam1~ w•· h,, ,... ? Whither are we goingf
These
questions ha V(' sinee thQusands of yea.r s hotly
burned in evm·y thoughtful human breast. The
var·ious n·lig ions of the world may be d~ignated
as effo rts to ex plain by assigning_ supernatural actions. Brrt sir11·e ahot~t 300 years a degree of liberty to in1·Pstigatc a long rational and scient ific
lim·s li as hPt'll ohtainl'd , and along these lines
I•'ath (•r Tirn•· , ~ ! au and t he Genius of History, are,
in 1hi' folloll'ing verses, r·P prt~se nt ed as seeking and
fi11<lin g- a ~nhstant i a l solution:
·
Ent ,.,.:
Fat hPr· Tin11 ~.
:\Ian ( Ho·pr·.. s .. nting Mankind ).
ThP (; .. nins of llistor·y.
MAN
Ett·rn1rl Tint!'' l11•a r· rny apJH'al.
:\fy past . nry t'ut urt•, tu n ·vNtl;
That \l'ith nron• (·onfitl PIIt'(' I rnay
llt•n•·•·for·th pnr·sn e life's wondrous way .
FATHER TIME
H1H'k -st rata teach you how t he eart h
To Ia nd and ·wat er· first ga vc birth;
'l'h1•n hnw lift• 's fon· e has r e-arranged
Ato111s, •·P IIs, organs; how forms changed,
llow plants antl cr·t·n tur·cs, high and low,
Fro111 sin g le cells hpgnn to g row.
'l'lren, when al'l'i l'l'U yo ur· r ace erect,
With evcr-gro'w ing intellect,
Cr·afts, la ngua gl:', war·s. r eligious, t r ade,
()j' g'l'OUJlS, hor·tJ\•S. I rih\'S, g reat natiOnS made.
'l'hus ran your past ; your iutu r·e fat e
In detail 1 rannot n·latl'.
But lf in happiness an'\:1 healt ir .
Your ntl'P would J't'IIJ) this plauet's wealth
Then banish violence and deceptio.ns,
Open your mind to these conceptions.
I n what the head and hand prepare
Let each, as he contributes, share.
Let naturP 's bounty be for all
And not the individ uals t hrall
Nor laws, nor nrlers O\'Pl't·earh
'l'he equal freedom due to each.
To ~ake .this earth your 'P aradise,
· Str·ive to be always kind, ju ~t, wise.
MAN
But Tim e, to many who do strive
By useful labors to survive,
L ife's gifts ar·e toil and po1·erty,
Few joys, but mostly misery ;
Yea, IHetched millions suffer, weep,
Do\\;n in the'lr degr adation deep.
Por· them ''twere better far to be
As happy as a re brutes, as free
Fr·om <;a r·king cares and bitter· sorrows,
As f r ee from dread of dire tomorrows,
Wherto g r·eed and cunning cannot spoil
Tir e j ust resu lts of honest toil.
FATHER TIME
0 ~fau , the eh ild· of Life and Time,
Enclo\\·rcl with facu lties sublime,
Not ouly ran you under·stand
Drep rnystrries of sea and land ,
Bnt Natu r e's everlasting force
Aud infinitely great r esource;
You r· industry and intellect
Jlave power· to use and to direct,
Life to proloug an~ joys to gain,
High er id eals to a ttain,
~t\ nd out of lifeless, shapeless things
Your art its gems of beauty brings.
MAN
Time. t hes\' advantages acc ru e
t hus fa r , on earth, to but a few;
For power to kill and to destroy
Counts mo're than .means for life and joy.
Rud•' fo r·ee and error blindly reign
\Yhil e hypocrites in power r emain,
and tainted wealth and rul ers high
Ca u law a-~cy defy.
\\'hil e platform. press, school, pulpit, state,
Pervert the truth to :nut th e Great,
Y l:'t dare p rofess, 0 g r·eatest shame,
To do theso? things in Jesus ' name!
�The Western Comrade
Look, nations proud of Christian order
Train fifteen million men for murder;
Unchecked by law the cunning take
What industry and genius make,
While those in power self but seek,
Kings, rulers, with corruption reek.
No wonder, then, that goodness dies
And evil-doing multiplies;
That,Right and Truth are forced to hide
· While Wrong and Falsehood boldly stride ;
That gilt depravity prevails,
And truer, noblrr manhood fails.
THE GENIUS OF HISTORY
Throughout all history I trace
?If omentous changes in :\'Ian 's race,
By "·hich all unjust powers wane,
\\'hil r Frcf•dom. Truth and Justice gain.
ln rrrasing- kno \\'l t'Llgr radiates iight
To (•urc rnankind of t'!Tor's blight;
Tim r -h ono r·Pd \\TOn~s :ue losing hold,
Hude fol'(·P, sly c·u1ming, are less bold.
And as ma n gro\\'s more l\ind, just, \rise,
Earth wi ll hr<'Olllr that Par·adise
\Vh cre Truth , where Justice n e,·er fai ls,
\\'h ere noh iPst manhood e 'rr preY ails.
(Ex r unt. )
(Copyright applied for.
Permission to copy will be freely
granted by the author upon application.)
Colonists Demonstrate Co-operation
(Continu ed from Page 17)
th eir stock to th e best advantage, th e company undertakin g to assist th em in this.
1; nd er this system it is expect ed that a large tract
of land 1.11ay be brou ght to a high state of cultivation ,
gr·ratly enhancing its value and ·earning capacity.
Land purchased at a low price, cleared, cultivated, irriga t ed and planted in permanent crops becomes of
gTeatly increased value.
Th e work, so fat· carri ed out on the land, has been
hy th e use of mod e1·n methods and machine1·y that
f•nables th e colonists to work on a large scale.
Intensive culti,·ation on a wide scale is th e plan of
those who are engaged in th e enterprise. ·~ro bring
thousands of ac 1·es of land in this valley under culti\'ation and ·to plant a vast number of deciduous fruit
t l'l'rs and b1·ing th em into bearing, where th e earnings
ll' ill be even greater t hHII that of o1·a nge lands, is the
l1ope of the colonists.
But back of all this practical work lies the dream
of th e men and wom en who arc striving to establish a
•·.olo ny that sh!l ll not only free them from capitalistic
,25
exploitation, but will show the world that co-operation .
can be put into aetual practice, and that it is not a
mere word with no practical meaning.
Plans for life in the city contemplate a great social
center around which will be gathered the life of .the
colony. Near this center will be gathered the factori~s
and the schools in close communication, for vocational
training will occupy a large place in the curri~u]um
of the educational. department. ·
In the so~ial center will b e established the offices,
library, theate~:s, l_e cture halls, assembly rooms, motion
picture thea~er , p.ul:ilic ):laths, billiard halls, and rooll}s
for otber r ecr eations, sports and. pastimes.
For this center , surrbunded by the dwellings of tl1e
city, "a s ction. ·of land, onf' 1nile squ a~e, will be set
aside, and tb)s wm be intersected· by parked bol.de·
vards, all rum~ing to the center.
On the land near at hand there is a large amount of
lim estone rock suitable fo r. making lime and cement
Jn the mountains th ere is an abundance of timber ·
which can be secur·<!rl from t he Government at very
low price. This, comb~ed with the labor of the colonists, will enable them to build their city at a cost.
PXtrcmely. low, as compared with t he exp enses of const ru ction elsewhere.
a
Dayal and Bryan-Agitators
(Continued f rom Page 12)
a r·e unable to read or write! Such people are easy to
go vern, and it is to the interest of governors to keep
them such.
Bryan also quotes from thf' " Indian World/' a
Calr·utt.a magazine, which says: ''When the English
came to India this co11ntry wa.'> the leader of .Asiatic
civilization and the indisputed center of light in the
Asiatic world. Japan was nowher e. Now, jn fifty
years, Japan has revoluti<1nized her history, with the
aid of modern a1·ts of progress, and India, with 150
,VPHI'S of English rule, is still condemned to tutelage."
Could there he a more convincing illustration of the
grt>at , historically-proved truth that to rule people
against th ei1· will is to rnin th em Y But let us not forgPt t hat those who wilfully submit to such self-ruin
a rP, at least , fully as blameable. 1t is Dayal 's supreme
\'irtue that he is not one of t.hose.
As to what th e Hindus · must do, only one course
sP('ll'lS open to them.
In common with th e rest of us
they must, som ehow or other, kick off th eir rider.
~ o m e how OJ' other they must get rid of th e leech· that
drains their blood. '!'hat th r rider will dismount in
obedience to entreaties is t o me unthinkabl e. That the
IPre h"' will let go of his own volition .J. cannot · believe.
I shoul d soone1· expect Hnert a to resign, th e victim of
-J ohn Lind 's eloquence.
�The Western Com r ade
26,
Is ·Your Income $4800 a Year?
By H.
I"'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ ARROLL
J. BARRETT
D. WRIGHT estimated the
value of the average worker's annual
product at $2400. The average annual
7
;
wage in this country this year is '$610.
But that's only, half the story.
Th e comp. etitive system automatically
_creates a vast army of super~uous 'n on•
~=-~~-il~ prollurrr'S- tra veling salesmen, lawyers,
advertising men, 1:ollection agencies, insurjtnce men,
real rstatP and investm ent brokers, · promuters, loan
broker·s and loan shar·ks and fifty-seven varieties of
solicitor·s. Add to this th e multitude engaged in pandering to thP plutoer~u·y 's demand for luxuries. Now
what efft>d will th e pstahlishrnPnt of th e Co-operative
Commonwt•alth havP unon this scene of mad ·chaos, this
veritahll' nightmart! of misguid ed expenditure of effort ,
of futilt· PXert ion of energy?
Equality of irH'orne will pr·ornptly halt the activities
of those now PngagPd in producing useless luxuries for
the wralthy: a vast army in the aggregate. Furthermore, butlrr·s, private chauffeurs, valets, French maids
-all this superHuous assemblage will he set to some
useful and more dignified task.
Abolition of competition will obviate the necessity
for the employm ent of the millions of outside salesmen
and solicitors and others whose wages are now tack ed
on to the price of every product we purchase. If a
man needs a certain commodity he can go and buy it;
it won't be forced upon him by some salesman who
would far rather be engaged in creative labor than in
sp ending his days wander ing disconsolately from door
to door seeking to pry a few dollars loose from some
u nwary victim .
We shall need only abmit a third of the clerks and
inside salesmen we now employ. Thbmas A. Edison
has pointed out that competition creates three times
as many retailers as we need.
Under co-operative ownership, nine-tenths of the
civil lawyers will find a mor e useful field for their efforts. Litigation and "the law's delay" will be things
of the past. As the majority of crimes are economic in
motive, cr iminal lawyer·s will find their ranks much
r educed.
· Promoters, wit h their· corps of.,.stock salesmen, will
van ish from the face of t he globe. Collectors, insurance solicitors, loan brokers, loan sharks and the vast
majority of real estate men will, like Othello,' find their
occupations ·gone.
What then will be th e final net result ? Mer ely that
a ll these proplr will be gently· but firmly induced to
· C.
will
engage in some activity which
be of direct benefit
to the community. Th~y will become producers.
For one thing, we need more farmers and more in.
tensive f~rming. The Departm·ent of Agriculture has
just: announced that for every hundred acres now under
cultivation in this country, we have three hundred and
seventy-liv-e acres which should be tilled.
Plainly the cost of living will imJDediately dt·op to
a half .Qr a third Its present rate, and the $2400 which
Vv right figure~ was the annual value of each .worker 's
product wiT! pr.omptly double or triple in purchasing
power . . The final upshot will g'e that every one of us
can afford to live on a scale now enjoyed by the man
rPeeiving from $4800 to $7200 per year.
..
Co· o.perative Farming
F
AR!\IIING is no longer a hereditary occupation, but
a scientific, systematic business, which requires the
undivided attention of experts. This is clearly brought
out by ·Charles W. Holman, who has written a valuable
artiele for La Follette's, in which he does away with
tlw milkmaid, barnyard and chanticlee·r effect, and
leaves the reader with the idea that modern farming
i" a p1·actical industry.
'fhe causes and results he states as follows: Modern
machinery must be purchased, best stock must be
obtained, and best prices received, and this necessitates
organization. There are communities in the United
States where the farmers have formed in associations
and selected association managers, each farmer dealing
•
specifically in one product, thus becoming an expert
and producing the best results. Through this association machinery is bought, gangs of laborers worked
from one farm to another, products marketed to t he
lwst advantage of the association, thereby doing away
with the present middleman, giving a better price to the
far·mer for his products, and more standardizing goods
to the consumer, also at a cheaper price. Because of
the better price to .the farmer the needed stimulant to
th e farming classes is supplied.
Hol!nan says that fa r mers are men, and as men must
solve their problems, and the sometimes proposed
remedy of subsidy is not what they need.
'rhat the cry of the agricultural colleges "make two
blades grow where one grew before, " namely, greater
production, is not the entire problem, but the distribution of the product, and today this is being solved by
the Am erican farmer through co-operation.
G. H.
�The Western Comrade
A Product
(Continu ed f rom P a ge 14)
'rhe farmer raised his gun menacin gly, and either
by accident or design, pulled the trigger, inflicting a
flesh wound. Mike retu rned the .fire, but missed his
target and wounded a str ay dog passing on the r oad.
To save himself, he fi r ed again and t he man f ell.
Mike looked at t he man, t hen passed over t o the
wound ed dog. Kneeling in the dust he tried to stop
t hr flow of blood.
" Poor little devil," he said, " I didn 't mean t o hurt
_vou. '' A steady r ed stream, fl owing f r om· the wmmd
on Mik r 's arm. m ingled with the dog's life-blood.
Tlw dog dit·d lick ing Mike's hand.
Thr man at the house wriggled around on t he
pon:h. feebly cursing, th en he died.
Two months later i\fike died on th e gallows.
~oc · irty was vindicated.
:-;1 pc·l trust expe rts are figu ring how to increase
profits $10,000,000 by incr easing "efficiency " of employes. Why deviate f rom the old, t ried and effective
method of r educing their wages 10 cents a day 1 T he
steel workers ' organizations have all been destroyed
and th ey w ill mak e n o protest. \Vhy hesitate u n less
t hat 10 cents wou ld cause starvation to r edu ce effic· ir ney 1 Is t hat the answer?
We want Socialists to buy our Uni on-made products.
Union cond itions in Industries means shorter houra,
and shorter houra mean MORE SOCIALISTS. ·
Men's beat quality cotton sox in black, tan or black
with white feet, postpaid, 6 pair........'............................$1
Men's finest quality lisle thread sox In black, tan, ox
blood, steel gray or pure white, postpaid, 6 pair $1.50
Ladles' finest quality cotton stockings, black, tan or
black with white feet, postpaid, 6 palr..........................$1
Ladlet ' extra heavy cotton stockings, 5 pair..................$1
·Children's stockings, postpaid, 6 palr................................$1
' Bell br'a11d collars, posfpald, 1 dozen ............~ .................$1.50
Men•ir working shirts, blue chambray, heavy drill
khaki, black sateen, each ................................................50c
Men's fancy n·e gligee shirts, latest styles, each ...: ..........$1
Ne.~ktles, knitted, _50c values, each ....................................25c
Garters, for men, .women and children, per. palr..........25c
W r ite for catalogue of many other artlclei.
The company offera $25 in cash to the Socialist
Branch or Local · whose members have purchased the
largest number of Bell Brand Collara-these are the
only collars made under uni on cond itions.
The stockholders of th i s company are all niemb;e rs
. of· t he Vo4,Prklng class.
Mutual Union Trading Co.
Postal Telegraph Building, 9 Board of Trade Court,
Chicago, Illinois
You will confer a favor by saying you saw our adv.
in the Western Comrade when ordering goods.
The first machine shop established at Rancho Llano del Rio was a small affair, where most of the work was done out
of doors. Here repairs were made of agricultural lmplementa and transportation machinery. The veraatllity of the colonists
is a source of continual surprise.
�The Western Comrade
28
;;c·JeiH:e, anG ~cipio tinall~r ap
proached the foreman:
Entered as second -class matter at the
' 'Look yeah, boss,'' he said, earnpost office at L os Angeles, Cal.
estly,
"did 1 tell yo' what mah namE'
924 H iggins Build ing, Los Angeles, Cal.
was when I started in to wo 'k 1"
Subscription Price One Dollar. a Year
"\Vhy, yes," answered the foreIn Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
man,
wonderingly . "You said it
Job Ha rriman, Managing Ed itor
was Thompson."
Frank E. Wolfe, Editor
"Dat's j es' what 1 did, boss.
No.3
July, 1914
Vol. 2
Oat 's .1es what I did. But I was
- - - · - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - afraid dat yo' don e gone made a
OH, CORK IT!
A glue fattor·y, one of Southern rn is takP an' fink it w ~s Ram son!''
California's
boasted
industries,
-QUICK SOLUTION .
stands near· a certain suburban railAil e~n of th e fif~'i1 gra~e wo~·t·i cd
way. ] t s charms ar·e not for the
nose, and tlw ~·p f'on · a woman always over her ma th emati cs unttl Juha of
tlr l' sixth camP to tlw rescue.
('arried with hpr· . wlr Pn passing th is
" Let's see," sa id Julia. "' Compa r·p
point, a bot! le of -la n·nder salts. ·:J. tPnths, 40 one-hundt·r>dtlrs and ..J.OO
On e rnor·ning un old r·au cher took a onP-thousandths. ' Now , if you cut
seat besid e IH·r·. As !ht• tr·aill neared ·ur apple into lt•n parts arid tlrPn took
the factory the woman opened the fo ur parh, ami nrt anoth r r· applt'
'r.t o onl·-lrundrPd parts and toolt
:Salts. Soon th e whol e t·ar was filled orty parts, and tlr~n cut anoth er
with the horTihle odor from tht•- fa c- ·tppll' int o on1· t lrousarrd parts aud
tory . Th e rnnt·hPr erHltii'Pd it as took foil!' lnrndrPd , what would you
long as lw r·ou ld . allll then lrr I"'\'(' •I • '
Aiii' I' U,
"A pple
:shouted :
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~43
"Madam, would you mimi putt in '
th e co rk in that 'ere bottle! "
FRUGALITY REWARDED
A California editor· who star·ted
about twenty. years ago with only
!"i5 cents has retired worth $100,000.
His accumulation of wealth is owing
to his efficiency, frugality, good
hahit.s, strict attention to husiness,
and the fact that an uncle diPd and
left him the sum of $99.999.
A JSUMAN DUPLEX '
l\Jr·s. · Newrich ( who had adver-
The Los Angeles-Citizea
A Labor paper that never backs
down, a Labor paper that always
goes ahead ON THE STRAIGHT
ROAD!
The Citizen is known from Coast
to Coast as the best trade union paper the nation has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
of mor-e than 12 pages of news and
inspiration and education concern·ing organized labor.
Edited by STANLEY B. WILSON
'I'he Citizen is edited by Stanley B.
Wilson, one of the nation's Big· Men
of Labor! His edjtorials are as
widely copied all over the country as
are the editorials of any other Labor
fighter today. That is the sure test
of quality. Others know that what
·wilson writes is THE REAL
THING ! There's an inspiration and
a breadth of view in the writings of
this man seldom found in the work
of editorial writers. In n.o other paper can you get the WILSQN EDITORIALS! Subscribe to The Citizen
today!
The Citizen will come to you for a
.;a lt(·P ~ • ·
whole year-52 big issues-for one
dollar. Wrap a bill· in a sheet of
OFF AT BUFFALO
pap er and mail it. Get a money orTh1• ship dodor· of a lin f' r _11otified der if you prefer; or send a check. It
thP stl~ \\·ard. an lri slrrnan , that a all goes. BUT DO IT NOW! The
Citizen, P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles,
111an had diPd in stater·oom 4fl. Thr
Cal.
usual irr!-itrw·tions to hav e tiH· body
No skinning. One price to all.
prt•part>t'l for hur·ial we r·p gin·n.
C. A. WILSON
~OillP hours latpr· the doctor peeped The Watchmaker and Jeweler at . the
Union Labor Temple, 532 Maple Avenue,
into the room and found tlw hody Los
Angeles. is a union watchmaker.
was still tlrt·n·. ff r ealled the lr·ishALL PRICES RIGHT
U. S. W . V. Roosevelt Camp No. 9,
man's attention to thP matte~ and
L 0. 0. F. No. 150 Louisiana, K. of P.
the latter replied:
No. 186 Louisiana.
'' T thought you said r·oom 46. I
"It's In the Mountains"
wint to that room ami notieed wan
THE
B. C. FEDERATIONIST
ow thim in a hunk. ' Are ye dead ?'
Finest labor paper in Canada. R. Parm
t ised for a pianist ) -8o you are the says I. 'No, · says h P , 'hut T'm pretty Pettipiece, managing editor. Address
mu src teacher that answerrd rny nt•a r· tit• ad.· So 1 buri ed him. ' ·
Labor Temple, Vancouver, B. C.
adve r t isement?·
Pianist-Yes, ma 'an1.
Mrs. Newriclr-W ell. sit down and
p lay a coupl e of dut>ts. so that I ran
.
Managing Editor
1
see what you can do.
I
Edwin Ellis Carr
The
MISTAKEN IDENTITY
Du rin g a building trade strike a
n egro was persuadt>d tQ act as a
stt·ikebt·eaker. He was instructed to
cany some heayy planks to build a
bart·icadc. Eaeh suc<.'t>SSI\'e p lank ..,..
Wl'ighed h cavip r· than a hatl t•on-
Christian
Socialist
5457 DREXEL AVE.
.__ Chicago, Ill.
$1.00 a Year
Club of Four $2.00
Twice a Month
CHAS. L . BRECKON
Business Mgr.
. . () Irwin Tucker
I Ed1t0r1aJ
· S ta ff
c.
1
(
Thomas
Hall
Charles Edwartt_ Russell
The Federal Census of 1910 gives the religious population of the country at 82,417.147;
the Protestant population is placed at 65,415,241. These constitute available and absolutely
necessary material for the propaganda of
Socialism. The Chri st ia n Socialist is edited
in terms that makes special appeal to just
this class of people.
Send 2c Stamp for sample.
�Tbe Western Comrade
, Rebuilt Tvoewriters
AN AID TO MDIO:B.Y
Telephone Home A.-t5U
M. E. Johnson, who is, during dayFrom $fo Up
Low Rental Rates
light hours, a cunning capitalist by
'TYPEWRITER SERVICE CO.
confession, and during nocturnal
A-2591
138 8. Broadway BdwY. 3810
Los Angeles
wandering a raving red by profes-
HARRIMAN & RYCKMAN .
Attorneys at Law
921 IDgglns Building
Los Angeles, Cal
sion, is at all times a good story
THE JONES BOOK STORE
Broadway 1693
F-1691
teller. To impress on an editor the
226 West First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
A. R. HOLSTON .
possible penalty for failure to re~Headquarters for the best Socialist
At.torney at Law
turn
a lent book, Johnson told this
books and literature.
331-2 Douglas Building
Los .Angeles, Cal.
F-5849 one.
Main 1407
A lawyer, visiting 11J1 in ·ane asyThis Stands for
CHARLES 0. MORGA~
lum, m.e t an intelligent inmat:l who
the Best in Contold a cogent and convincing story . Attorney and Counselor at Law and
Notary Public
fections, CreaJDs
of incarceration by mercenary, 1010 California Building, Corner Second
. and Ices -:- -:~ sc heming r elatives.
·
and Broadway
The lawyer
427 SOUTH SROADWAY
promised to obtain the man's re- Home Phone A 3913 Los Angeles, Cal.
lease, and the two walked 'to a gate
DRESSER PHOTO CO.
togeth er, wh en suddenly the attor- Home F-2164'
Lantern Slides
Notary
Main 7618
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarging ney received a terrifi c . kick that
GOLDMAN cl SHAPIRO
Kodak Finishing-Free Developing
Attorneys at Law
landed him sprawling 1n the nliddle
Ma11 Orders
·
537-8-9 Douglas Building
of
th
e
highway.
230lh SOUTH SPRING ST.
3rd and Spring Sts.
Los Angeles, Cal1fornia
.
Pho ne A-2298
Los Angeles, Cal.
" What's that fod" asked the
Harr-y A. Goldman
. Chalm Shapiro
~stonish e d lawyer, from his lowly
seat in the street.
Phone Douglas 3666
KIRK & KIRK
' ' That, '' said the nut, solemnly
Attorneys at Law
and impressively beating time with
H. SLIKERMAN
501 Spreckels Theater Building
Attorney at Law
au rxtended index finger; ''That is,
San Diego, Calif.
Pacific Bullding, ~oom 631
LEST YOU FORGET!"
San Francisco, Cal.
Eve ry evening till 6. Sundays 11 to 12
ALL
IS
MYSTERY
Oscar-WINBURN-Charles
Compliments of
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
Two negros bought a piece of
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
por·k , and Sam, having no place to
Phone A-3638
pn t his share, trusted it to Henry's
Suite 712, San Fernando Bulldlng
NOTARY PUBLIC
Fourth and Main Streets
keeping. They met the next night
Los Angeles, Cal.
and Heury said: "A strange thing
100 Per Cent Settlement
don e happen at mah house las' night, Home A 2003
Main 619
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
Sam. All is myst 'ry to me.''
In urance Underwriter
" \\' hat ' dat ~ "
360 I. W. Hellman Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
Tel. A -4559 \ " W ell, Sam," explained Henry,
Phones:
Sunset Main 8400, Home 10711
ED. WINFIELD
Halftone Photo Engraver· and Zinc Etcher
Color Engravings
Record Building, 612 Wall St.
.-\ fi ne of :j;i>OOO hns been inflicted
on ·n trad e union feder·ation in ~ ew
· Z··alnnd on Ht"count of th e all eged
insul t in g of a . tr·ik !'hrea kers ' lead~ r. On e hudd<-t·s nt I hE' thought of
WhAt mu. t ha ve U!'en th e penalty if
·nmt> rude t rik et· ha d hroken the
· ·t rikebt•eA I\ er hea d wit h a dornick.
sol emnly, " dis mawnin' I go down in
de eellar for to git a piece of hawg
for breakfast, an ' I put my han'
down in de brine an' f eels roun ', but
dey ain't no po 'k dar-all gon e ; so I
tu 'n up de bar'! , an' , Sam, suah as
preaehin ', de rats had done et a hole
el 'ar froo de bottom of dat bar ') an'
dragged de meat all out."
Sam was petrifi ed with astoni shment fo 1· a moment and th en said:
' \Yhv didn t de hrine run outen de
.
hole Y"
\\'ell. yo
ee, Sam," replied
Henry " dat 's de myst 'ry."
·-
•
Room 26
A. J. STEVENS
Dentist
307 South Broadway
Los Angeles, Cal.
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
Assayer and Chemist
I do not guaranteed satisfactlo"
I guarantee accuracy
25211.: South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Phone A 2299
All Work Done In Duvllcate
William Francia Seeman, registered
patent attorney and ml'!chanlcal engineer,
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17-18
Citizens' Bank Building; patents all
countries; specializing Intricate aDd difficult mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and metallurgical cases. F 5743,
Main 9474.
Insurance, all kinds. P. D. Noel, 921
Higgins Bldg., Los Angel&L
�· L aw·. .Schol·a rship
VAL.U ED AT
00
Given 4bsolutely Free !!! 4dv~rtise Our Sch~ol
Costs You Nothing Now, or Later, .If You Act Immediately!
THIS OFFER IS UttiiTED, SO WRITE TODAt'-QIJICKl DO~T DElA¥1
Get this moat liberal offer before it ia too late. This Free Scholarship brings you
a thorough legal training for almoat nothing-tuition aurpriaingly low. We are making tbia
liberal offer for advertising purposes and may withdraw it at any time, so burry!! If you act at once we will 'give you
a Scholarship, valued at $100.00, ab•olately FREE. Do not fail to get the facts at once. Send the free coupon at
bottom of this page immediately for full particulars.
COSTS NOTHING TO INII£STIG4T£l
Don't be backward. To wrife your name and address on the coupon below will
Nobody will call on you or bother you in any way. . We will aend you full
not coat you a cent.
\· particula'r s of this ultra liberal Free Schola,..hip offer, also our FREE BOOK explaining bow to master the law at
home during your spare moments-how ~000.00 a year is within your reach if you will study law. Don't put aside
this paper until you have filled in the coupon and mailed it to us. Mail it n.ht now-TODAY.
,.---------------~
Guarantee:
~'!_.....,.aatee to c:oacb
FREE aDJ' ,.,.aduate failin1r
to pa.. the bar esamioetlan. Our Caane caYera
all .brancb<to of American
Law and includea oame
atudleo ao leadina law
acb-la.
\
Your Home ~ llnillersityl
�r
The Weste.rn Comrade
'31
Colonists-Wanted
·'"'
DEL·RIO. in the AnL LANO
telope Valley·. ·Los Angeles
County.. California.. needs 900
single men and women and married men and their families.
This is an opportunity of a lifetime to solve the
problem of unemployment and provide for the future of yourself and children.
'We have land and water.. machinery and experts
for every department of production.
No experience as. an agriculturist needed. Men and
women of nearly all useful occupations in demand.
Every member a shareholder in the enterprise .
•
For full particulars address
Mescal Water and Land Co.
JOB HARRIMAN. President
924 Higgins Building, 2nd and Main Streets
_Los Angeles, Cal.
(See article on pages 16 and 11 of thie maga,zine)
�r
32
The ,Western Comrade
\
\
Laboring
PeopleRead This
Letter!
This Strong Letter Endorses the Saving Certificates
Issue~ by This Bank
$100 Saving Certificates ar~ sold. on the easy payment
plan of $2 a week for fifty weeks, and the
c a 1~~Ol._R,.a
•
•·
·
~
Bank Makes the First Payment for You - .
Thousands of these Saving Certifi.c.ates have been sold the
past two months-thousands of people have a~pr~ciated
the fact that not only are these-Certificate a Wise mvestment, but an easy, sure way to save $iOO. .
•
LABOR MEN-Investigate this plan. Call or write for
information.
Sa:vtnAs
3' Bank
,y
Spring and Fourth Sts.
"AT
ower
0
f St
"'th''
rene
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-07
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-07
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n03_191407
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v02n03
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d6e7f69efe4ce2566d54201acc18c8b7.pdf
d41f798ebab4647fdc42ec9cd5507e84
PDF Text
Text
.
:....•
'
Special Co-operative ·
--!une,
No.2
Ten · eent•
.
-
.
---
,.fhis Issue
CONTAINS
MAGNIFICENT
CoNTRIBUTIONs · ·
BY
t .
Job Harriman
W. A. Engle
Emanuel Julius
Frank E. Wolfe
E.dgcumb Pinc}:lon
Rob Wagner
and others
GREAT ARTICLES
- -ON------
CO-OPERATION
,.I
I
�The Western Comrade
2
Get in the Swim!.
It's Time to
Take. Her to
.
the. ~ Beach! ·
.
Make a -h it-with one of Bill Hunter's
classy up-to-date su·m mer suits for
$15
Hunter's clothing is famous for efficient
workmanship, excellent material and superior
cut. Save money, make a good appearance
and have the satisfaction of ~nowing your
clothes are the last word in style and finish.
Our cutters and tailors are the highest paid
and best workmen in the land.
Remember, we ·guarantee satisfaction to
every customer.
Full line of stylish haberdashery. Always
the latest and best at the lowest price.
· Don't take any more chances! Come in
and get a new straw hat-try a snappy panama!
We have pleased you for years and we will continue
to please you! We are proud of our new store and want
every worker in So. California to give us their custom.
·w._Hunter &
Co.
540 S. Spring St., Los Angeles
,
�3
The Western Comrade
\
Laboring
People-Read This
Letter!
This Strong Letter Endorses the Saving Certificates
Issued by This Bank
1jf'ot nia
B:Uk M:k~\h~ fifu;··p~;;~~ forsol~You Ca
Sa:vtn;.s Bank
$100
aving .Certificates are sold on the easy payment
11
Thousands of these Saving Certificates· have been
the
past two months-thousands of people have a_pprecmted
the fact that not only are these Certificates a wise investto save 100.
LABOR MEN-Investig~te this plan. Call or write for
information.
~Y
3'
••A Tower of Streu11tb•'
e
�The W -e s t e r n Comrade
4
P~blishers' Announcement
·T HE
!~MANUEL
.JULIUS
·
Comrades of the
West! Give your
magazine-The
WESTERN
COMR~DE
-- your entboslasllc support.
WESTERN COMRADE has fought nobly. It will
continue to fight. Against tremendous odds, Emanuel
· J uliu~> as manager and one of the editors of this publi- cation, kept The Western· Comrade above the high
water mark, enabled the bills to be met as bills should be met,
aud gave the workers of the West a magazine to be proud of.
Emanuel Julius and Chester M. \Vright, through their tirel<'SB rfforts, marked a ne'lv era in Socialist journalism.
.
Emanuel Julius has turned over his magazine to ne\\·
l1ands. It is taken " ·ith a clean slate. Looking over his rer·n·cls, we do not find a ·single unpaid bill. Indeed, is this not _
r<'IHarkable ~ The printers, engravers, mailers, artists, fold<'l'B, binders and others have received every penny due them.
Emanuel Julius is not only an efficient editor and a wonderful
\\Titer but a business man of keen ability.
\i\T e "·ill be satisfied if future issues of The Western Comradr maintain the high literary standards attained by Emannd .Julius and Chester M. Wright. And, when we announce
our polic~· it is only fair to say that we shall not bring· in a
liP\\. phase for treatment but merely emphasize '\\·hat Comrade
Julius and Wi'ight have already treated.
The co-operatiYe idea is "taking" in this part of the comltr.'·. It was first expounded in The 1Vestern Comrade. It is
ou t.'· natural that we shall use this medium, as we desire,
a bon' all things, to advance the co-operatives. "11ere coopPration "·as a part of The Western Comrade's policy, und<'r
Emanuel Julius' and C:hester M. vVright 's regime, we shall
mRke it THE polir~· of the present publishers. That is thr
onl.'· difference.
,,.e sha ll strive to print the best fiction obtainable. Poetr.'·
of a high order will _be given its place. Book reviews. articles
on Socialism, editoriRls on current e'\·ents will all be gin~ n
t hrir proper place.
,v\T-r are positiye· that The \V rstcrn Comrade \Yill be of
great interest to the vVestern \YOrker:::;. They will find much
in the magazine that will touch their immediate environmcntf-'.
The~· will be proud.. of The 1\T estern Comrade, just as wr ar<·
proud of the magazine as it \Yas.
�The Western Comrade
5
--------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Job
·narriman
'Wants you to read
his article in this issue of
The 'Western Comrade.
He has a
great message for labor.
Study his theory
of practical co-operation.
Everybody knoW's that
Harriman has alW'ays
had the interests of labor
at heart.
His article,
""The G~teW'ay: :to
Freedom,"
tells ~hat he beli~ves
labor should do.
Read his article.
Get ·
Discuss it.
ur friends
to read it.
�6 ,
The Western Comrade
Gateway to Freedom
By JOB HARRIMAN
LL down the centuries, the workers have
been struggling for freedom. The creators have aspired for a system of society
wherein they would enjoy a measure of
ha ppin ess. Th e' producers have always
desired a day when labor would rid itself
of parasites in human form wl;o _live off
their labor.
History has been the record of those wl]o have
fought for fr·cedom. They hav e battled for Peligious,
intellectual and political freedom. After generations
of suffe rin g, they have obtained th e right to think as
they pl(·asr. Thry have ft·ecclom of thou ght, they (lave
political fr eedo m and religious freedom, but the worst
slavery of all sti ll exists. I rcfcl' to eco nomic slavery .
The gr·cat st ru ggle that faces men today is the stru ggle for reo nomic f r·eedom, to have the. right of access
to the sources of li fe. So long as th e machines, the
land, the tools and the other means of produ ction are
owned by one class to the detriment of another, so long
will t he wor ker·s be industrial and eco_nomie slaves.
Th e time has come for the workers to become the owners of the lan d and the tools. Th e time has com e for
action, not fo r argument. \Ve want r esults 1 OW, not
in the distant futur·e. Here is the gateway to f reedom!
Deep down in the· heat·t of 90 per cent of OUt' people
who hav e reached maturity th er e is an ever-pt'esent
dread of failure, or l.oss of work , and a desir~ to get
''back to the land.' '
All that prevents this great mass of people from r eturning to th e land is th e knowledge of the hardships,
and th e long up-hill struggle which such a life entails,
and the ex pense of pl'ocurin g. wat er and labor necessary
to cultivate th e land on the individual or "small farm"
scale. Anoth er great obstacle is th e lack of edu cational
facilities for th e children and of the comforts and co nveniences of city life, such as medical and hospital
treatment, access to .libraries, lectures, educational
meetings, etc.
The Mescal Water and Land Company was fo r·med
with one object particularly in mind. That was to organize and in corporate in such a way as to insul'e to
the . stockholders and th eir families_ all th e f reedom, .
independence, character building i~ftu en ces, and other
natural advantages of country life, combined .with th e
most modern facilities for their education , entertainment, comfort and care. ·
-With this idea ever in vi!lw, all the details have been
worked out in a hard-headed, ·business-like manner,
with the result that th e plan herein briefly outlined is
11'!!!!!!!!!!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1
both practical and sound, and presents opportunities to
the average man never -before offered.
'~h e re is no exaggeration in this description. It is a
plain, conservative statement of conditions as th ey
exist . Inq ed it would 'be difficult to exaggerate the
. nat~al advantages of this beautiful tract of land. To
see it is to long to enter into possession of it.
Because of most p eculiar circumstances surrounding
the paSt management and ownership the company has
been able to SeC'!Jr e this great .tract of valuable land on
t erms tpat would appea r unbelievable iri this day of
in cr easing land values.
Th e stockholders will share in this adv1!.ntage.
'l'he l\fes~al Water and Land Company is organized
as a private corporation, with power to do ever"ythin g
necessary to develop and hold a large body of land for
the benefit of the stoekholders who p erfo rm the· developm ent labor th er eon.
The Land
Th e property of this corpqration is located in th e
fe rtil e Antelope Valley, about sixty miles . from the
city of Los Angeles. It is in Los Angeles county and
is about midway between Palmdale and Victorville,
ncar t he mountains on th e so uth ern side of the valley.
Th e pl'operty lies fo r th e most part between Big
Rock creek and Mescal creek, on the plain below and
running up to the base of the mountains that form a
magnificent watersh ed and are snow-capped for seven
months of the year.
Th e soil is decomposed granite, of unknown depth.
Climate
•
Th e a \·erage elevation is about 3,500 fe et.
Th e elevation , com bin ed with the close proximity
to the mountains, gi,:e a healthful climate where the
l' XtrPmes a re not so notieeahle as they are on the southern slope of th e range. Th e summers are not excessiv!'ly warm and the contour of the section shelters
this part of th e valley from the high winds that prevail
during ce rtain seasons of th e year in the northern and
central parts. Th e ·w int er· months are as a rule pleasant, varied at times by a slight snowfall and sometimes
cold enough to form an ice on still wat er one-quarter to
one-half an inch jn thickness.
Water
The water, in semi-arid cou ntri es, is the most important thing to be c-onsid ered. It' is conceded by soil
experts that th e greater part of the land in Southern
California will yi eld rich r eturns, given a sufficient
amount of water for irrigation· purposes. Naturally
�T be W -estern Com r a de
the water was the first thing that was considered hy
tfie' members ot the board of directms of the Mescal
W aier and Land Company. They have secured the exclusive rights to the waters of Mescal Creek, Jackson's
Lake and Boulder Creek, which, our engineers assure
us, are sufficient to irrigate ten thousand acres of land.
In addition to these interests already secured, the company is endeavoring to secure, and"'with good prospect;
' of success, extensive rights to the water of Big Rock
Creek and a large tract of la{ld lying thereunder. The
eompany has the rights to the constant flow of water·
at Jackson Lake, which in the driest season is neyer
less than 150 miner's inches, and it is believed by our
Pngineerl'; that a much larger constant fl.ow can be
dP\'t>lopPd at t hat place.
This lake lies in-what is known as the volcanic fault
wlti eh extends the full length of this particular chain
of mountains which is dotted here and there with little
lak es, of which Jackson is a sample.
It is from lakes like these, and from the streams .
having their origin therein, that the water supply of
t he Palmdale lands and the beautiful and prosperous
Little Rock Colony, twelve miles to .the west of Uil, is
srem·ed.
Power Possibilities
Within a half mile of Jackson Lake the waters can
he so conducted around the mountains that they may
he dropped through a pen-stock a distance of 500 feet.
A ditch or flume may be continued from that point for
about anothet mile and the water again dropped
thtough pen-stocks for another 500 or 600 feet . The
same may be again r epeated at the mouth of l\rescal
Canyon. This water, thus conducted and utilized, will
develop all the power the company will need for years
to come. ·There are other power possibilities in the
mountains nearby of which the company is endeavoring
to gain control.
Products
The e1evation of this land especially adapts it to the
growing of d eciduous fruits, notably, pears, apples,
peaches, plums, cherries, olives, figs and walnutlil. The
P"::t l'S of this district are especially fin e and are grown
to a good profit, bringing from $25 to $30 per tree; with
sixty-five to sixty-nine ti·ees to the acre it is easy to figIll"(• the incom e of a thousand acres of p ears in full bearing, which will take about six years. However, they
hegin to bear in about three years, increasing in productivity each year thereafter. Alfalfa is grown to a
good profit and will yield, after t9e first year, from four
to six crops per year as the stand grows older. Barley,
oat and wheat hay thrive in this soil and a -ready market is open for these products to be supplied. Ka,!Dr
corn and other small grains also produce an excellent
crop. All kinds of berries and smail fruits can be
grown. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, excellent tomatoes
7
and all kinds of garden truck thrive and mature_fully
6ft this land.
The Plan
The Mescal Water and Land Company is organized
with a capital stock of 50,000 shares .of a par value of
$1 per share, but a re-organization is in progress by
which the capital stock will be raised to $1,000,000.
Later, as the development of the property demands, the
cap_italization will be raised to $2,000,000 or more, if
the· stockholders deem it necessary.
· The . company desires to secure at least 1000 stockhoJders-, who will buy 500 .shares at par value, paying
cash therefor.
Members of the board who are elected by the stockhold e~s to serve for a period of one year, will have
supervision a nd control of the development of the
Truck No. 1 haa made a remarkable record for runa
between Los Angeles and the rancho at Llano del Rio. It has
carried several tons of machinery and supplies in trips over
mountain paS8es and "wash" roads that have thoroughly
tested ita capacity and it has stood up well. Auto trucks will
play a great part in the development of the transportation
system between th1: colony and the railroads and cities.
pro~ and will make all contracts of employment
with the individuaJ·stockholders and transact all busin ess fo r th e corporat ion.
It will be observed that this is NOT a co-operative
colony, but a corporation, conducted upon the lines of
ordinary private corporations. The corporation laws
of this state have all been tested and construed and by
organizing in this manner we are not traveling in an
unknown path, but will have the rules of the law, now
established, hy which to be guided, and we will be
free from exp eriment.
·w ith each stockholder holding 500 or more shares
of th e capital stock of the company, the board of directors will enter into a contract of employment, agr eeing to pay him $4 pe1· day under such terms and conditions as may be mutually agreed upon. Of the $4 per
�8
T h e We s t e r n C om r acd e
day it will be expected that each stockholder-employe
- - --will a gr ee, among oth er things, to draw not te exeeetl
$3 p er · day, l eaving $1 a day to his credit in an individual f und , with w hich h e will agree to buy stock f or
the full value th e r eo f for su ch tim e as h e may work,
n ot t o e xeccd $1500, which , togeth er viith th e 500 shares
already pur·c!Jased , ·will giv~ him 2000 shares , which is
th e m ax imu111 am ount whic h any one st-ockholder may
p1 t'rr h asc.
\\' ith t il<· fund o f c·ash so r·a ised and th e la hor empl o.v c·d und c· r th e t <> rms of this agrrem ent, th e company
will ht· alll<· t o hrin g a la r ge tra <·t of lau.d into _a· high
~ tHt t• of <·ultin1tion .
ll \\·ill l11' ohsPn·<·d 1 hat th e• plan pr-o,·id es thHt e \·ery
!-<l!wkh o lrl<·r· is <·Xp t·<·t r d to do usc ful work for Jh e corpor·;Jtiorr , for· \rhi t·h l11• l'<'I'Pin·s *-l- pr·t:.. day. If h e does
not wor·k in tl11 · d t• n : lo pment of th e property h e r eee ivrs no waf.!t•s; t·o nsr•qu r· nt ly .on!~, thosP " ·ho laho r \Yill
hr· lll·ndi tr·rl hy th e· pur<·IHIS<' o f stock.
II is propol:wd that if tht· p1m·hase r·s of st ock at an~·
tirn<' shall <lPsir<· In s<·ll th t·ir stot k or· ar·c:umulations
or· shall l<'a,·p tht• t•mpl oy of th<· c:orporation for an~·
r·t·ason , tht· hoard of tlirl'l'lors will use th eir best offi et:s
a nd <·fi'or·t:; t o s!' ll thr· stol'l{ ancl r<'tnm th e cash to th r
pun·!Jast·r: also to fi nd su<·h pun·has<•rs fo r· su e h stock
who wi ll also pay for tht• fund a ceurnu lat ed for· th r
pu r·rhasc of additional stot·k , tog-etllC'r' with thr ac<·ulnulatiw· r rs<• r'\'(•. Tht~ <·ornpa ny , hO\\'P\'er, will not assum e
:ti~Ro lut Piy sul'l1 r·<•s p ons ihility, hf'<·aust• hy so do in g it
rni~ht in som P way er·ipplc itsrlf to th e d etrim ent of the
<·ntt•r·pr-ise and all tiH· othrr- stoc kholdt'rs. ]tis e Yident
that this <·Ottrs<' rnust lw pur·suPd for· the protection of
all th<> stot·ldloldt• rs in tltt· <·or-po ration. Tht· stockholdc·r has an ahsolutt• r-ight und Pr tht• Ll\\' to _s<·ll his
sttwk for a ny p r·i <· r that is s u itahl t· to hi111 as it is his
ll\\"11 pri\'111<• p1'0JW1'1,)'.
will agree to draw not to ex ceed a certain p er cent .of
seeh serples within
IUl)
ene y eftr for
1t gi~ en
term of
y ears. The reason for this r equirem ent is that the small
amount of money which ea ch m a n invests -would not b e
sufficient to pay suc h wages in cash· and f or the f nrt h er reason that the corporation mu t do bu ine s upon
th e labor of its tockholder , to whom the entire prop erty will b elong as soon as slfch stockholders will have
a sufficient a mount to th e ir er t>dit t o buy th e stock h e r.·einhefore m entioned.
Will End Exploitation
ender work ing conditions of today th e producer
n •ct>iYes a small p er centage of th e w ealth h e produces ,
th e r em-aining large p er centage g oing to his em,ployer
and m ;er which h e ceases to lu 1,.e control. In this company th e $4 p er day r t>pres t> nts th e small p ercentage
·w hi ch h e now r eceives, hut lt e cloes not lose control
o,·r r· th e lar·ge p er centa ge, n o\\· going to his emplo y er ,
as it g oes intq. th e property o f the company in which
lr f' will ultima t ely h ecom e a n (•qual sharer with all othe r
storkhol d e~·s.
Hith erto th e appro,·cd c·ustorn in agr·icultural an·d
ltor·fic·ultural pnr·suits has h fr n t o spend a la r g e _a m ount
---- ---------
..
'·
Need Experienced Storemen
TIH· t· ontp1111~' \\·ill <·ond ud a supply dt•pot 011 tiH•
1<111<1. h_v whit·h all tit!' wantR of tht• StO<·kho]d pr·s will
ht• s uppl il'd 11t tltt· a c·t u:rl <·ost to t it<· <·ol·po t·ation . The
s11ppliPs. not pr-odut·<·d tlin•dly h_v th<· s tot"ldtold<·r·s 0 11
t h<• la nd. will ht• bought a t \\' ho l<·salt• and tit <' lwst posView of Rock Creek which is the s9urce
a large part
s ildt• prit·t·s will IH• S<'I'UI'<•d and thP st tlt·k hol d!'rs will
the water supply for the Llano country. Th is photograph
lit' g-i\'l'll th e hrrwfit t hPrt·o f. This w ill r·t·quirt• tltt~ of
was taken early i n the season and at that t i me 40,000 m i ners
st•l' \' i<·<·s of stoekhold<·rs who ar·p I' Xpl'ri<'nt·d in th e inches of water was flowing in the river. With the conservation system planned engineers say it will not be difficult to
\ ,at1tlli11 g of lll<'rc ha Hdisc·.
supply a steady flow of about 20,000 i nches of water or enough
to irrigate twice as much land as the colony expects to ac·with sutli l' i<' llt laho r· upon t h<· lantl \\"<• \\·ill lw a Ill <'
quire. The source of this stream is high in the m ountains
to l!r·ow substantially all tht• fo od r'Pl ptil·t·d h.v all 111<'11 where the snow ties in the deep canyons nearly the entire
aml tflPir famili<'s \\·o r-king 011 tit <' pro p f' r-t~· - This food year.
will l1c fumishrd at eost of JH'O<ht ct ion . h r n <'t' th e r elllaining $~ p<·r· da~· will ht· rnO l'<• than ~mffi<·irn t to sup- of human en e r gy o n a small a m oun t of land , such
ply th e wa nts o f an o r·dinar·~r famil~· - Th t• company, ·"'n cthod hc in g known ns inte ns i,·c cultiYatio n . Iu r eho w e Y<•r·. will r-r quir-c• tho:P \\·ho eousurn e less than th e t· Pnt years, h ow eYe r. h ot·tic ulturists and a g ricul t urists
r-<·maining ij;;l t o p H mit t ht• surplus to nc-eumulatr in
haYe been abl e to eont i nu e intensive cultiva tion on a
incli,·idunl fund s t o t hP t·r·<•dit of sueh stoc·kh oltlf' r's, "·ho la rge srale hy empl oyin g th e best modern machinery,
�The Western Comrade
and have attained even better results with far less human ener gy expended. Th1s policy WJll be followed by
the co~pany in all its operation . We have even now,
on the land and working, a traction engine, gang-plow,
lcw~ IPr, concrete mixer and pip molds for the making
of e1•mc•nt pipes fo r our irrigation system, drags and
var·ious ot hm· hra ,.y machinery used for the purpose of
,. J,·:n·ing an cl preparing the land fo r planting on a large
scalf'.
To Establish Social Center
It is not intcndPd. how P\'f't'. that all our energy shall
lw d uvot c•d f•rr ti n ·ly to manual labor upon the propet·ty.
Th·· f'urrdauwrrt al dt>sir·e to hum a n beings is happiness,
and t "'' rPason 1111'11 work is to procur·e thP means by
whi.-l1 t h f'~' c·an " n.io.v lif t>. This rompany has taken this
fad i11to •·ous idt>r·ation and will lay out a large tract of
li111d , in thP 1·unt<'r of whi,·h -th1•y will huild a sorial
•·•·r1t1·1·. l11 this so(·ial c·c>nt r r· tht•y will establish t heir
s•· hool , whic·h will he> VIWal ional in eharactcr·- that is
to sn~· . thP o pportunit~· will hr· gi,·cn to each child to
9
pursue u ch play and u ch vocation as hi or her own
happme mdiCates that he or he 1 b t adapted to.
The Yarious indu trie and the chool will be o connected that the children will be p ermitted to follow tb
line of inve tigation and the activit ies to which their
inclinations lead them. The admini tration of th affairs of the company 'vill be conducted in u h a mann er as to bring it affairs constantly befor·~ the chool in
such a ;vay hat the children 'will learn the variou art
and in!lustries a well as th~ nature and habit of plant
and animal -lif , under the most intelligent direction. It
is exp.e cted that such vocational education will preced
the scientific rules ~nd will be acquired as ea. ily and
naturally .by intelligent direction as t he child leal'llS to
talk before it lea,rns the rules of syntax and grammar ;
but that such education will be fol lowed by scientific
tt·aining in rules and reasons th erefor, goes without
saymg.
In this social center will also h e establi hed th e
lihrar·y, t1teatl'!·, assem bly rooms, moving pi'ctures, puh( Continued on Page 24)
War:--A Solution of the Evil
By f-f.
S
J. BARRETT
1\( 'J-: til•· da\\'n of history tiH· \\'orld has ..groam•u
is 0\11' suggPs1 ion. Let an international agi·<'rmPnt he
'"' 11<·;11 lr t }r,. SI'OIII').!l' of \1':11'. :\lar·s lras <>Xactcd ;t sig-nl'd wlri<·h will .provid e for· the usc of india r·uhb t·r·
l'r·i~.drt ful toll not onl,v din••·t l.v in· t l11 · slrapr of human
llllll••ts. L <'t umpir·,·s from ncutr·al armi es he JWesent at
ldood 1111d sutl'•· r·iu g hut indi1 ·•·• ·ll~· tiii'OIIf.dl llr<' hc;nv ''"' Sl'<'ll<' of eontlict. Wh en a man is stru ck h e is to be
h111'dt •11 ol' t;rxation n•·•·,·ssar,r to 1111'1'1 tl11· JH'llsion list. ;ldj1 1il gPd lf't· hui cfllly dead: hors de com hat. By mu.\r1d ~· ··t. a>: ('li<·sl <• l'lu n points out, llit'll l'nlist not ht·· tual <lg"l'l't'llll'llt he cannot b.e permitted to se n ·e again ·
t·atts• · tlwy lrHil' th•· t'lll'ln.v Inti hPt·<lltSC th<·y loYe thri1· in th;rt parti .. nlar war·. If ex perim ent prove t:ht•sc hullt•ls too painful , substitute tennis halls, to be fir·ed fr·om
0\1'11 l'OII IItJ·y.
•
l'··r·sonal l.' ·· "''' han• Jtothin g against patTiotism a lal'!!<' horP 1·ifl e.
In 1hP l·fl sr of ar·ti ll cr·y and th e IHI\'Y nsc footballs.
wli<'l''' it . lnii'II IS no on•· <·lsP. A 1r1 a n may h<> an in r••ns<'I.V lo~r a] c· iti zcn ol' r\nah<;im and still r her·ish no So many hits will , hy prc-anangemcnt., eonRt.itutc a
•·rlrlli1y agair1st th r inhahitauts of \\' atts. 'l'hat hra11d
,· i..tor~·.
~\.:'> soo n as a battleship is stru ck , say fifty
ol' ]li11Tiotislll is 'iiiii OC\IOU. : nltogct h<>r all mirahl r . But tir1ws, th e umpirrs step ·in and the flag is lower ed.
\\'<' st1·nngly ohjr<'t to th e sort of lHltriotism which aeTh e use {)f explosive bullets and the poisoning of
tua l l'S a man to inYad r a nPighhor·ing c>ountry for th e water supplies ar·e already forbidden hy international
pmposc of killing its p opula<"P. Th e spectacl e w ould agr·eenwnt. lt would constitute hut a slight _step forh
• l'Omic if it wer e not tr·agic : this hu iness of shooting \nml to adopt th e system outlin ed. As for evidence of
I
down men who. e int cl'l'Sts '"''' id entical with yours, prrsonal valor·; i f a rp.an wished to display his scars,
whil Guggenheim and John Hays Hammond sit on let him have a mark tatooed upon th e spot str·uck hy
th e enemy 's tennis-hall.
1he . id e lines and enjoy t hl• humor· of th e situation.
]~y this m r thod the point at issue would be settled
Hut at th e JH'PSPnt stag" of man :S t r·ansition f rom
the Pondition of tlH• t'llH-man to omething approach- ju. t as decisively and far more satisfactorily than uning- 1'i vilization it i.~ diffieult to curb t he war· spirit. de r the present childish arrangement. And th e wo1·ld
'l'ht• tl11sh 11ml glitter of the whol e affair stir primitive __ would hr spared the economic waste involved in the
t' mot ion : the nncicnt tr·ihal in tinct. . It will die hard. sacr·ifiec of thousands of useful citizens. When you
\\'p c11n, howeve r r oh war· of it ~ ugliest f eatures. get righ t down to fundamentals these complex prob\\' t> t•uu nvoid killing and maiming ea ch other. Here lems pron• to be simple enough.
�The Wes-tern Comrade
10
--~Oung
Man, You're Raving"·
By EMANUEL JULIUS
P.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!S OUNG man," blurted Clark Harding as
he threw Jordan 's copy into the receptacle for all that proves unsatisfactory to
, .
. newspaper editors; ''young man, you're
raving. ''
Jordan snapped.:
.
•
"That 's a big story."
"~'lay be it is, but I'm not paying you
for what you consid er big stories. I want the stuff that
I want-and I don't want anything e lse~ That 's
r: l ~>ar, eh 1"
'"fh r people ought to know ahout that" ' -.Jordan
pointP<l to th e waste-basket.
" :\layh e so," llarding r Ptumed. "but this is my
papPr, an<l ] 'm not iutr rest ed in kn ocking the gas
eo m pan y . ''
" Tiw p<·oplP are ~oiug to kno\\·, ' " ,Jordan dec lared,
quiekly. If<· l<·anPd o\'rr aml took his eqpy from the
hasl{(·t. Sha l\in~ it in Har·ding 's fac e, he added:
" If th ere isn 't a newspap er that '11 print this story
~ it mea ns thrr<• 's room for another nf' \\·spaper and
] ' 111 going to start that paper. "
lTar·ding, pnying no attention to this ridi culous
!<f;l1<'11H'llt , slowly Ra id:
" You 'd lll alH· a \·aluahlP man, .Jor·don. if yon 'd drop
,vou r fool not ions and ~et into th e tra ces. You'v e got
lots of ~ood stuff in yoiu· make-up, hut ~· on \ ·e got no
,iudgnwnt or· you woul<ln 't br·in~ in a story lik e this.
TIH· idPa! lf it had h"<'ll sornf'hody <;lst·. J'd tire h im on
thro spot.' '
'' I 'm through, '' .Jor·dan annomwed. '' J 'm goiug to
l!l't thi s story hefor<' the peopl e if I han· to hold soap box lll PPt in gs in competition with the Sahation Army . . ,
"\ nd , tru e to his word , Jordan quit and wPnt th e
r·omHl of thP papp r·s, hut found t hem unwillin g to print
hi.- Rto r·y . They couldn 't deny that what he sa id was
t t'Ul' , for· .Tor·dau had given mu ch time to his facts.
Th Py had to admit that. ,Jordan was telling the tnrth
\\'hf'n he charged the gas corpo ration " ·ith bribing th e
l'ity <·ouneil in order· to obtain an ex tension of its
f nt nch ise.
( '<' rtain that hP ('Ould not get a h(•aring, Jor·dan
pr'O('eeded to cany 01rt h'is threat. H e was youngand th-at expla in ed a great d eal. Younft men always do
impossibl e things- and Jor dan was a Yery young man;
and .Jordan was angr·y , too!
Newspapers arc excc<'dingly funny things. . They
(•an eoRt a million , or· they can be establish ed with th e
price of a box of cigars! Jordan knew this. Harding 's
plnnt cost a half million , and wh en his mountain Ia-
· y
bored, it brought forth an eight-page morning paper
that delighted the fuzzy-wuzzies because of its "quiet
tone," its "dignity and respectability." And yet, it
cost a half million. Great presses, twenty-two linotypes, ~big ad room, a top-heavy editorial staff-all to
get out the ~ight-page organ of Things A They Are.
Jordan got busy and saw a man who was publishing
a weekly paper at the end of a carline, omewhere,
somehow-why, nobody knew. H e had a plant that
was worth less than the price of a second-hand. Ford.
Jordan offered him cash , and, to the surprise of no one,
the publishe r and editor of The W eekly Eagle accepted.
Jor4 an loaded the entire outfit into a wagon and
had it delivered at an empty store some block from
th e center of tlile city, wh er e rent was low. · H e look ed
over his possessions, and concluded that if he couldn 't
raise cash pn th e outfit, he'd surely raise hell. And
he did.
.JMdan got a printer· who had lots of fa ith in humauity, which means he didn 't inquire if wages would
visit in th e mann er that wages should.
'' 1 'm g<>ing to get out a four-pag e pap er, '' he told
Nelson .
" \\rith what?"
" 1\'ith this," Jordan r eplied.
' ' 1 don't doubt that you can get something out of
this, hut you ain 't going to call it a newspaper, are
you ?"
''I sure am. Th e peopl e's paper-that 's it! Th e
People 's Paper-that 's what I 'm going to call it. A
good nam e-Th e P eopl e 's Paper ; and it 's go ing to fight
the peopl e's battl es. 1f you want to help, I'll make
you foreman when I ·erect my n ew building.''
Nelson threw off his <~oat and went to work
" 'fou can begin on this, " Jor·dan said, handing him
the eopy that Harding had r eject ed. "And," he added,
"it do esn 't make much difference what else gets into
the pappr·. This story will sell th e paper. ''
With lib eral use of display type and staggering
headlin es, th e first page of Vol. ], No. 1, of "The
P Popl c 's Pap er,. , in th e lan guage of Nelson, was a
'' humdinger.· ' Th e seven-column headlin e, ' 'G as Company Exposed!" could be r ead a block away.
"So th e Peopl e ~ray Know " becam e the motto of
Jordan's newspap er. H e r epeated it a dozen tim es in
his fonr pageR of fight . His editorial, set in 24 point
j,.vpe, a nnounced that " Th e P Popl c'R Paper " would be
the community's crusad er ; it would hew to th e lin e
and let the chips fall wh er e t h<'y may ; it would be blind
as a hat to all but the truth ; it would expose unmerPi- ·
�The Western Comrade
fully; it would espouse the cause of the poor and fight
the conspiracies of the rich. " The People's Pap.::r"
wou ass1s In a or s a es or JUS Ice, or e er IVing conditions, for sanitary workshops. The union label would be boosted. Jordan's editorial read like a
revolutionary manifesto. It . plainly told advertisers
that they would pay for space-" not for silence."
"The P eople's Paper" would have no strings tied to it.
Free speech! Free press! It throbbed with radicalism ;
it breathed revolution.
'"l'here 's a wallop in every line," Nelson com-.
ment ed, as he glanced o,·er the final proofs.
"And a knock-out in every parag~aph ," . Jordan·
add ed. "ln tomorrow's paper I'm going to tell the
peopl e how foolish th ey are to exp ect a big paper -for
a penny. ·when it 's bulky it has to lean on the crutches
of big bus inc. s, or· it couldn't pay its paper bill. Anyway, the aver age p er·son doesn't spend more than five
minutes on a n ewspaper, so why patronize a paper that
is fill ed with bunk ? Four pages, at one cP-nt, will satisfy anyon e, provided th ey'r e full of snap and punch."
And then , th e paper· went to press. 'l'he old flatbed
groanrd ·when set into motion. It was christened
'' Rh inocrros ' ' hy Nelson , and ·Jordan agreed it was
fitting. A piece of machinery has temperament. A
press is more than a conglom erat e of wheels and levers ;
it has p ersonality, and moods, and temperament, and
r esponds to great causes. lf one doubts this, let him
ask a linotype operator, for instance. He will tell you
his ma ch in e can think, can r~sent an insult and appreciate a kindness. "Rh inocer·os " seemed to sense the
faet that he wasn 't labo rin g on·" Th e \Yeeldy Eagle"
but over a daily organ of r·eform; and the result was
astonishing.
Before lon g 3500 copirs of " Th e P eople's Paper''
wet·e stacked in Jordan's shop. H e had pre ~dated the
paper, so it could he of service on the following day;
and, with his papers r·eady for distr·ihntion, he hired a
wagon ~nd got to work.
On the following · morning th e people greeted a
newcomer. ']'hey had the pleasure of r eading an afternoon paper whil e the mornin g papers were still func tioning, whieh was (juit e an innovation. The other
papers didn't seem to mind , for "The P eople's Paper"
impressed them as bein g a child destined, like all good
children, to a very shor·t ex istence. Harding laughed
at it ; th e gas company's officials sneered ; Jordan
worked on th e next issue-and the people gobbled up
the 3500 paper·s.
The sales brought him --a little over $18, which
pleased .Jordan immensely; and, as expenses were exceedingly low, as both he and Nelson were not burdened with families, as hoth didn 't have to pa-y room
rent because they took what littl e rest they got in the
rear of the composing room, there was enough money
11
on hand to get out the n ext issu~which ambled forth
to the tune of 5000, with a swifter wallop and a harder
punc .
And then, to Jordan's delight, camethe great street
car strike. Sixteen hundred men quit. Their demands
scorned by the offiicals, they organized for a long fight.
This was Jordan's opportunity. He did not let it pass
him. With ·a jump, he took up the cause of the oppressed workmen. While all the papers were misrep- ·
resenting and maligning. the strikers, "The People's
Paper"fought for _the men, their wives and children.
In· need of funds, the officers of the union organized a
squad of 200 men to sell copies of "The People 's Paper'' in th~ streets. To be· sure, the papers-were sold
as rapidly as "Rhinoceros" could turn them out. And
tl1 e clumsy beast, the thick-skinned perissodactyl mammal, responded nobly, serving humanity as humanity
should be served. The strikers sold the papers at five
cents each , turning two cents back to Jordan, whb, to
be sure, was actually making a profit on a paper that
was 8 little more than a week old. From then . on the
cir culation depended on the capabiliti e~ of "RhinOfieros. ''
Th e strike lasted eight weeks, and if it had not been
for the magnificent support of ''The People's Paper,''
th e fight would have been lost. The men r eturned to
work, their d emands granted, and Jordan was rewarded with a newspaper that was established in the
hear·t s of the common p eople.
Business men, contrary to cul'l'ent opinion, are
human beings and an~- moved by their imm ediate interests. Wh en th ey saw that "The People's Paper" was
reac hing t he p eople, and as they had commodities to
sell, they purchased space in Jordan's paper.
As a result, Jordan's paper moved into better q~ar
tcrs, with three linotypes, a hoe press, a business office
-and Nelson in charge of the composing room.
TherE' Wfl'C five department stores that gave advertising patronage to newspapers, and of these, Jordan
su cc<>Pded i.n g-etting Th e Huh to purchase space in his
paper·. Th e Huh was conducted by a man who -catered,
primarily, to tire working p eopl e. Th e oth ers, striving
for t he middl e and upper classes, didnt see any advantage in advertising in "The P eopl e's Paper," but The
Huh couldn 't see its way clear to go i_n to any paper but
.Tor·dan's.
So, ''The P eople's Paper '' became an established ·
institution. It fought for everything that was right ;
it supported the r·adieals in all election campaigns, and
exposed the politicians in office. with a persistency and
vigor that dr·on t error into the hearts of the Interest s.
" I 've got a peach of a story," said Spencer, one of Jordan's livest r eporters.
Jordan was all attention, for this. lad had brought
in most of t he big stories.
�12
The Western Comrade
''I'd like to spend a few days looking into the
departme.nt store
M idea is to connect the low
. wages of t'he department stores with the r ed light
district. That ought to be a p each of a series,'' Spencer
enthused.
''Good idea,'' Jordan agreed ; ''go to it.''
Jor dan, having a dinner engagement with Mr. Carlson Brill, general manager and owner of Th e Hub,
hurriedl y left his office. This young man pleased 2\Ir.
Brill imm ensely, for Jordan was the type of m.an h e
Iihd . Antl th ey became' fri ends. H e was introduced
to 2\lr. Brill's daughter, an accomplish ed, cha rmin g
~·ormg woman.
A frw days later Sp encer brought in his fi rst story.
It told , in a manne r that amazed, of wages . in the
dr·partment stor·es. H e ex posed the unjust finessystem ,
!Itt· long hours, tht! foul w01·king co nditions-and . a bove
all. tltf• misera bl e wagf's. And, Th e IInh was tltl' worst
of a ll.
.. Tit is is ~-:n·a t stuff... sa id .) o r·da n.
:-;rwnf•f'r was df'li~-:hll'd, .hut w hPn hf' r••:Hl his story
that ;1ft(' rn oon hi' Hotit·t·d th at all n·fen•nf·t•s to Thr
Il uh had ht•t•n st rit'kt•n out.
.J ordan got along s1rimmin gly' w ith :\!r. Bri ll. wlto
appn•f·iatt·d t ht· yo un~ puhlish(•r's l<indrwss in om ittin g
Jll l' nli oll of his sto rt•. ,\nd .Jordan lParn(•cl to lo1·e :\!iss
Hrill . 1rith th t· usual r·t·sult . \Yh Pn th Py wt·r•· marric·d.
:\l r. llr·ill turnt·d o1·1·r a n inlt·r·psf in Th e Ilul, to .Jor·dan.
. \ !so, li P told hi111 of many g-ood propositions in \Vhit·h to
inl·f'st his profits. BPfor·c long J'ordan had huge sums
in tltf' gas t'Ol'()()t'ation , tht• t•ar· (·Onlpan~· and a stn•Ptpa I' In g f'O ll t't'l'll.
:\I r·. Bri II pmpnst·d .J or·da n 's na rn f' for Jll t' lll bt•rsh ip
in tiH• l)('st t· lirh . :JtH! hP was mlmit tt•d. Jf p mingled
ll'ith th e hr·ot hc·rs of 1r<•alth a nd tht • lt ·adt·rs 'of th f'
(·lass of Jl aYP. H e was a part of tltt'Jll. ThPy Iil((•(l
him imnwnsf'ly, a 11d t old him of man~· ,·,•nt rm:s t hat
should , in tim!:', prove profita hlt·.
Satunl:~~· s a nd Snnd:~ys \\' l'T'f' ahnr~·s S(H'llt at tlw
f'o unt ry Club. li P suhserihPtl for a box at tl 1e opf'ra.
l-It• donated Iillt'ra ll.v to t he• ('0!1Stnrt:tion or a lit tlt•
thca t rr, lleYotcd f' XelusiYcly to plays that \\'Pl't' art isti t·.
though they w cr·c not popular. Vvhf'n tlw li P\\ ' 1·ity hall
was cl cd icatP.d , ,Jordan w as orw of th1· SJWHkt· r·s. IT\•
became a thirty-thin] dqp·(·•· :\faso n. a hi l!h offi<· i :~I in
thr l. 0. 0. P ., toastmastt·r at: th e hanqnf'ts of thl'
Knights of Pyt hi as.
In th<' mea ntim e " Th e People 's Papr r ... hel'a use of
an asto nishin g- 1·olum t> of adl'e rti si ng. gn•\\' t o sixtf'<'ll
pa gf'S. His poli l'y was fparlcss wh rn trra tiu g
th P
(Wl'St'l'Ution of' l\l exi f'a n p eo ns, of Jews in Russia and
th 1• dangt•r·s of Asia! il' irnmig r·ation , but he g ratluall ~·
gre\\' t o l'rel t hat it w as unpr·acticahlc to refor'fn too
c lose to home .
And when anothPt' car st rike broke forth, Speneer.
of
who cover ed the story in a masterful manner, brought
in co
that cham ioned the side of the strikers. But
Jordan was a director in th e car company, so he wasn't
enthusiastic.
" Young man," blurted Jordan, as he threw Spencer 's copy into the waste basket; ''young man, you're
r·aving. "
N
THE WORKER UNAWARE
By . Edgcumb Pinchon
OT d ead-but hardly yet alive-a Thing inert,
H e plods hts httle round, now sad, now gay :
:\Tor dreams h e of the Larger Life-the Thrill of Social
Consciousness.
He lives unto himself f r om meat to meat, fro m sleep to
sleep, obsequious-\\·ise;
Th e H orror of this World-the te rTi ble Insanity which
damns a t housand lives with toil that one 1be
damned with ease-tr·oubles him not:
\\'d l -f~d he snores, or being hungry , whines.
(~ui ck to t he Mast er·s heek h e timely bo·ws,
Praises the hand that robs him, kisses the heel that
t-r eads him in th e mire:
·
Ifl'-thc most robbed of a ll-robhrd of his birthrigh t
of audacity-a slavf' in sou l, too steeped to
dr·ea rn of aught hut s]a ,·er·y- lft•- not the eX[}lOitc•r- is the h ravy Ball UpOn the
<.'hain that <:logs Humanity .
PLAN GREAT COMMUNAL BATH
.\ gr1•at projPct fo r thf• communal bath of Vienna is
bein g cla hor·atcd.. 'rh r hath is to he complete ly inclosPd
a nd t o be arran ged fo r use in wmte r· also by a supply
of \Yarm wat er fr om tht• t•l cctril'ity works, which arc
so nw fiOO meters distant. Th e pr·pscnt swimming basin
is to srn·c exclusively fo r· 11·a ter suppl y of t h e clectTil' ity \\'Ork !f, and t he nell' hath is to be constructed
ahol'e it. It wil l hr 2;)0 rn ctt•r·s (820 feet ) long and 60
Jlldt•rs ( 197 fPC't ) wid e. Th e n c·w st ru ctur·e will contain not only t hf' S\l·imming basin, hut also sand, air
and sun ba ths. T he cost is estimat ed at about $160,000,
nnd the• work " ·ill hP hf'gun direct ly after t he close of
tIll' 1!)I-t. season .
WHAT THEY SAY
.. Eneloscd is el11•ek for· -!0 copies of May issue of
Tht• \\' t'Stt•r·n Corn racl!:'.
..-\m serrd in g copies of the
nragazin c to fa rrn r rs l1f'ar· hPr·c Y our· ma gazine IS
nniYe r·sa lly appn·eiat<•tl. ··-~ . H. , Paso R obles, Cal.
' ·The '\\-cstel'll C'omradt• is an inspiration. K eep up
t lw good 11·ork. ·'- C. B . Hoffman, Kansas City, l\Io.
�The Western 'Comiade
13 .
o-operattve_ o ony
Plan In :Action
Answering Question of How to Get Member~hip· In the
Llano Colony-and Get On the Land
By W. A. ENGLE
~~~::!::;'I F
THE seon•s of' ·questions concerning the
plans or f:olonization at Llano del Rio
proba hly 1hat most fr·equeritly asked is
"Jlow sha II 1 proePrd to gf't into the colonly and go to ·world"
Th1• answf•r in shor·test terms .s:
"Tahr out your· mem bership, get your
stoc·k tP rtifieate and eontract, and take
1h1• first automobile for· the Yall cy."
Llano df•l Rio (p lain of the r·iver ) li es 39 miles from
Los Ang-l'les in a dired Ji nr. But a mountain range
ill1<'1'\'<'ll!'S and th e rH'I'!'S<; ity of following canyons
rnnk< •s n detour· 1hat s1t'l't!·hes th1• jonrnry hy automoJ,il•· to about 7;) rnilf's. By rail\\'ay th<• uear·est station
of' inrportalll'C is Palllrdale, on th e \'alley lin e of the
~<Jtt1 1 H·r·u Paeifi c. 'l'hl' Llano lauds liP ahout 20 miles
•·nst-b~·-south fr·om Palmdale. .r\ projeeted state high"'"Y throug-h the 1\rroyo Sl'<'O ,·ia P<tsad!'ua \rill short en
t l11· dis1·fln<·c at lrast thir·ty mil es and the character of
t l11·s<· 11rag-nificcnt roacls will !'nsurc rapid transit and
ll'ill l'llnh lr thl' auto tnr eks to run into T1os Angeles in
a1Jou1 lrnlf' the tim e now r·cquired.
A mrrnlwrship in thr Llflno Colony means that the
··olonist h~s ·nhscrihed for 2000 shar·es' in the company,
\\'hi1·lr is in co rporatl'd und er thr Jaws of' California.
Fi\' e lnrndr<>d shares ar·e to he paid for· in cash at $1
JH'l' shan·.
Th e remainder of the shares are taken on
1lrl'. uhseription , to lw paid for· ont. of the surplus ea mings of the working colonist.
1:nqrt· the cont r·act the wages of enry work er· is
!'otn· dollar·s a day, no matter; what his or her occupation . Of thi four dollars p er day tlrr. stockholder
agr·et> that on e dollar· hall be r eta ined to apply on
1hr plll'cha r . of 1500 additional shares of swck which
\\'ill hring hi holdings to 2000 shar·es, whi ch is the
maximum amount that will be sold to any one person.
Thr rompany agrees to furnish food, clothing and shellt•r to th r stockholder. at actual cost to the company,
\\'hieh
rharged again. t his account, and whatever
r emains aft et· deducting· t he amount consumed will he
credited to his pe~sonal account to be paid in cash to
him at the end of his contract_ A certain per cent of
thr amount thus saved may be drawn out each yeaT
during 'th e life ·of tl?e contract at the option of' the
stockholder. Provision is also made for a vacation
system.
Continuoui> employment is assured as, in this climat e, there will be no delay in constructive and productive work and in pt·oviding education and amusement. In case any one desires to leave the colony the
shar·es and accuniulated fund may be sold at face value.
All this will be given in detail and all oth er questions will be answered upon inquiry.
L<·st wr get into dr·y details. it may be well to reYil'w some of the plans tl)at arc under contemplation
for th e dev elopment of the Llano colony-.
Educational facilities will be given the first consideration. ·with th e children already on the land and
those of the fami lies expected to go there within a few
weeks there will be enough children of school age to
start a school district at the point of t he first center.
From this first sma ll school it is planned to extend aqd
ultimately have th e greatest vocational school in
America. By this is meant, thltt in addition to classic
l'Oursrs th ere will be schools closely allied with the
factories and industri es of the enterprise. This, ac('Ording to plans, ·will range from studies in art-painting and sculpture-to mechanical, civil and electriclil
engineering, horti culture, agriculture, and in fact all
the useful occupations and professions.
::\Tagnificent buildings will, when the plans are carri ed ou~, house the public library, art gallery, theaters,
lecture halls and places of amusemeut and social
centers.
Tho. plans contemplate a city of grr.ater hcauty than
any on th e Amr.rican continent, and this is a part of
our hopes for th e future. \Ye have at hand nearly all
�,·
14
of the natural material for the constru ction of the su- scheme of things. Those. who have been the first t o go ·
on the land have shown a splendid spirit of comradeperQ buildings planned.
Details of the. center will be rn tile !lands of land- sh1p. They have · worked enthusiastically and made a
scape artists and architects. Selection of the site will magnificent showing. They have been crowded into
be made with a view of getting the most advantageous small ranch houses ·and the boys in oritlayirig works,
position on the higher bench of the broad mesa and such as the Mescal dam, have roughed it in camps of
from that ppint will radiate roadway's to all the indus- little comfort.
trial centers. The topography of the country lends
·Within a few weeks we hope to have the "hotel "
itself to the scheme of beautifying and the natural r e- completed . and tbjs building will -greatly relieve th e
;ources of the country are wonderful. A cement mill
··
·
situat ion, t hough the acquisition of additional ranches
is proj ected and th er e is an abundance of timber easily
will ·.give larger houses and greater comforts.
available in the mountains that lie just above the llano-.
.. • .
f
0 n e· q.uestiOn
that is reqeuntly asked is: '' Will it
There is an unexcelled opportunity· fo~ parkW:ay.s ..
and it is probable that th e civic center and lal!ge build- be good inv~stme.r;tt for me to' put money into this colings will form a quadrangle around a magnific_ent park:· ony corporation 1' 1
Production will be divid ed into many branghes, each
. The''answer is: "Not unless you contemplate, ultiunder th e supervisi<Fn of an expert.- The ai'm will be mat ely, · going ~to ~olony life ." When earnmgs show
to take ad vantage of th e latest discoveries and inven- a suryl'us they will be absorbed by increasing the wages
tions and to put every industry on a mod ern, scientific of workers in the colony. By this method we hope to
basis. Th ere ·will be experts in horticulture, agricul- give to every man and woman as near the .full social
turr, gardenin g, poultry r aising, b eekeepi~g, stock p1·odu et of 4is labor as can be reached befor e the time
raising and many other hranehes of production.
when ever-ywh er e the sources of life shall be in th e
Every man and woman will find their place in the hands o~ all of'the people.
- - · ---. - - -- -----------·--
The Fully Paid Worker
Ol .
F' Al.JL the the lost sheep on the Am erican
hills your coll ege professot· in th e economics depal'tment most needs a sheph erd. One of your old-fashioned sh epherds, with a ·stout crook preferred, the
· ~ crook to be applied to the ram at the
·head of th e department wh enever the
ram shall open his mouth to blare about
something which he has been instructed not to understand.
This Bohm-Bowers scheme of the marginal th eory
of wages, which probably took Bohm-B. t en years to
think of and five years to write, is being and has bee n
exploited in th e univ ersities in order to show that the
laborer· is paid all that he is worth ,)lnd that th e minute
h e is worth more he r eceiv es more, and that the factot·y
owner ow es him nothing more. B.-B. labors and brings
forth a theory. Profdom brings forth B.-B. aq.d labor_§
to mak e your Califol'Dia Soph. understand what there is
in it, and there 's uething in it. Those who desire to in-
By SIDNEY HILLYARD
sp ect th e mouse brought fo rth by th e labor o.f this German mountain can r ead all about it in Bohm 's book of
throries, which, let us r eturn thanks, will r emain
theori es.
•
Th e one thing whi ch t hese mighty thinkers n ever
seem to tack le is th e right to ownership, per s.e. In
that li es the crux of ·socialism, and professors like to
lec ture all round Socialism, but n ever into it. Now th e
owner of a factory may be a most worthy and Presbyt et·ian impl ement manufacturer, kind of heart and as
honest as society permits. But he is using stuff that
'does not belong to _him; he has some of my property
invested; h e is clipping some of your c·o upons, and
whil e he accepts with avidity, without understanding it,
th e marginal th eory of wages, he is "taking from his
workmen something to which each one of them has an
equal right wit h himself.
All production is based on lmowl edge . Th e modern
factory from sub-cellar to smokestack is based on the
knowing how of man. Th e seven-year locust doesn 't
�The Wester n C o mrade
w...-
manufacture a wheat binder, and one reason why it survey of leading exponents of studies in wages.
oes no 1s · ecause e as crop o seven-year ocus
ftiiid t11eory; lfal'gili&l tlleory. Wage problems; Causes
did not hand down to their progeny-to-be ~y written, and effects. Both semesters. 2 creditS. Pre. Reg.
spoken, or exemplary knowledge of how binders are Econ. I. Professor Phaque.
made. Not so with man. Th~ last crop of men, now
Shucks! Send us a good, horny-handed, hairycrowding our city cemeteries, left behind them a pain- chested Dago to tell the boys and girls what it feels like
fully acquired, but free-for-all knowledge of how to to swing a pick in San Francisco from 8 till 5 for two
mal{ e a binder. Th ese men inherited that knowledge and a half a day; ma.rgina;I. wage, with no inhe~it.ancc
f rom a previous crop of men who knew how to fashion · for his horny-handed son but another job like it at the
steel. Th ese again were- legatees of iron information, ·ame. price. Phaque delivers two lectures per day for
and hack of th em was knowledge of wood and stone. fiv e· days a week, in a cool classroom. Bluff has a bookCivilization is built upon the wheel, and witheut the keeper to clip his -coupons while Bluff's .steam yacht is
whet>l c· ivilization is not. The factory of Mr. Joshua B. in the Aegean. Meantime .Rough hands must k eep ~hat
Bluff, Presbyterian and manufacturer, is alive with pick moving or the Hibernian foreman will grunt, • Get
wh eels. Th e knowledge that there is such a thing as a a move en, you lazy slob; there's lots o' men lookin '
whl'l'l and how to mal{ e it is your legacy, mine, and th e fer jobs!"
IP!!IIl'~' of th e " hands " who work for marginal wages,
· Seems to us that th e Dago 's missing someth~ng
as pt·r- B.-B.. in th e factory of the Josh. B. Bluff Trust. which is his by inheritance and which comes to far m'ore
\\'hat r·,·nt does th e trust pay its marginal workers, or than two and a half a (lay. It is to. be .fea.r ed that Prowhat dividend t o you and me for our share in th e legacy · fessor "Phaque, in the land of make-believe, pretense,
of how t o mak e a wh eel ?
long words and high wind and draw-your-salary is not
By and with th <' help of Bawerl< and the colleges th ~ man of moral stamina enough to find it. ·
Hltttf 's Anutlgamate<l may lay claim to th e land they
~ tand on, the walls of tlwir factory and th e machin ery
insid <' it. But h.v what h<'lp do th ey claim possession of
111!' !!l'(•Ht Y01UII1 P of' inh erit ed knowl cdgr that th e
;\lllt 'l'i('an peopl e hav t> rome hy , without which no fac1or,v •·o ttld ('Xi st. lt>t alon<' run
To mak e a brick and
N THE death of Daniel DeLeon the cause of o1o put it on top of another; to forge an anvil to beat
cialism in America loses one of the most fearless
nn it " ·it h a hantmer· ; to constnrc:t a match and with it
and
capable fighters . No writer or orator has ever
to lig-ht a fum <tee; th ese and a myriad of other· knowlcontrihuted
more to ce1·tain phases of the movement
<'dt.:'t•s, including all knowledge of all processes in every
than
did
this
editor-lecturer, who stood so steadfi eld of human lahor, who pays r ent, taxes, inter est, divifastly
for
the
prinyiples
in which he believed.
<h· nds , on this to your· marginal " hand " who inh erited
No
one
has
more
clearly
and definitely stated the
a share in it from his father 's fath er·s 1
fundamental
principles
of
Socialism.
He kept the
The Bluff syndi ca tr is using the entire racial inh eritattention
of
thousands
centered·
on
the
necessity of
au<·e of kuowl edge of pro cesses in its business w'K en
• clinging to those principles. He realunswervingly
r ach memb er of the syndicate is only entitled to on eized, and forced others to realize, the futility of
tho~sand -millionth of 'it, and whil e th e syndicate is
r!'form measures in politics, and attempts to coml' l11 itl r d to pay a heavy r ent to th e state for its use of
with those who had no und erstanding of or
promise
national .knowl edge of processes, (just as it should if it
f'yrnpathy
with Social ism.
usPd a national park , say to Yosemit e;) it, in fact, by
DeLeon
was a staun ch advocate of the industrial
and with the help of the "economists," pays nothing
for·m
of
organization
as th e basis for political action.
at all and scornfully claims that th e economists have
This
gained
him
many
enemies, but nothing ever
pr·oved that it owes its laborers nothing.
made
him
fa)t
er.
As
a
speaker
and debater he had
Ever sin ce the Industrial R evolution r ent should
few
equals.
He
cared
little
for
the applause of the
have been paid by th e millions of doJlars a year, and
multitud
e,
hut
devoted
himself
to
getting his ideas
now, by th e hundrrds of millions a y ear·, to th e peopl es
<:
lt•arly
and
unmistakably
into
th
e minds of his
of t h e ea rth by th e users of national inherited knowlhearf'
rs.
Radicalism
in
Am
erica
will
miss this great
(•dge of how to mak e and transport things, but the
fight
er,
and
no
matte.r
how
much
Socialists
may have
.'ocialists ar·e tlw only people who even r ecognize the
disagreed
with
him
on
tactics
his
loss
will
be proYalidity of th e claim. Th e coJl ection of this d el~t and
foundly
felt.-F.
E.
W.
it · di ·bur· r ment to the p ople would abolish poverty.
Hand me th e scissors , Louise, till I clip my share !
EOON. IL W age Theories. Historice.l and critical
Daniel De Leon
I
�The Western Comrade
16
Llano del Rio, .Land,
Where Labor Will Rule and the Producers Will Get What I~
,
Exploitation; Where No One Will Be D
By FRANK E. WO
I~===~L A\'0
DEf.; RIO is a vast, gently sloping
plain that swec·ps down froin the high er
mPsa JJ Par· the opening in -the foothills
Wh l'l'l' thl• ril'l·r.' \\'hil'h gin'S th e land its
mlllll' , Mows out In a rushing st r·eam to
tht' lmrPr eountr·y.
Tht're a r·p about :30,000 acres of land
in th e t er ri tory that lies between th e Hio
lh·l Llan o a nd thl' :\les('al r·r·ePk. 1t is on this great
tabl e land that th e l'O-operati\·e (·olony put·poses turn-
L
This giant tractor, with two men in charge, clears ten
acres of land a day. It mows down monster "joshua" trees,
greasewood and sage in an astonishing manner. These
tractors are also used for digging irrigation ditches on the
Llano property. It digs a ditch three feet deep and two feet
wide as it sweeps steadily and irresistibly along the lines
marked out by the surveyors. All of the plowing will be
done by· these machines.
ing what is miscall rd a desert into one of thr most
brautiful spots in the world .
It may he wrll to go into th e detai ls .of geog1·nphi e
location hcfor· r we ent.et· description ...and prophPC~' :
Th e g r·cat vall ey is hounded on th e no1·th h.Y. the
Tehachapi range of mountains, t he highest elevation of
which is 9,21.4 feet. Standin g on a point in the foothills of Llano d el Hio and looking towards the west and
northward, th e eye reaches out and out ac ross th e green
valley below and finally r ests on t he sk y line of the
blue mountains of the Tehachapi, over· 200 miles away.
To the northeast are the Lovejoy buttes which rise like
huge sugar loaves ·out of the level plain belo·w. 'rh ese
points are 3;528 feet above sea level ; back of them and
a little southerly lies the San Bernardino range "·hich
separates the vall ey from th e so-called Mojave d es·e rt.
On the south and west of th e llano lies the Si~i.Ta :\Iadre
range of the San Bernardino mountains, of which the
high est and ·most prominent elevation is ~It . San Au-.
tonio,. better known as Old Baldy, which has an elevation of 9,931 f eet. It is from this latter range that .the
waters of l\Icscal and Rio del Llano, known also as
Hock cr eek, draw th eir snow-made \\·aters dm·ing th e
t'nti r·c year."
·w h en one enters th e Yalley from th e w est~vat·d tlre
roadways, which owing to th e syst rm of following secti on houndar·ies, run north and south. east and \\·est.
\l·rn<l throu gh a pountry of myst e r·~r "·hieh later unfolds
into undPrstancling of th e miraelrs wrou ght by " -at er.
Thrr·<' art: mil es of th e open landscape conred with
~rrasrwood, sage, juniper· and Joshna trees.
'rh en.
sutltlPnly, loom ing out of the soft, hazy hlu e, comes th e
hr·ight clean gahles of a ranch house surrounded hy
r·ottonwoods and fru it. trees and flowers thnt bespeak
thP presenPr of " ·omen in th ese onsrs. The largest of
thPSl' rarwhPs situat ed on t he ma in hi glnn1y is in th•'
Littl e Ro<·k l1istr·ict. H er e the road dividt'S pear ord~ards of about 1,000 acrrs, most of which hea1·s au
immrnst' er·op this yearns it has rvery :·rar since rea chin g t he hearin g age at nbout thrrc y<·ars. A lon g. winding row of cottonwoods nnd volunteer water elms nttPst the age and r eliability of th e water supply fn r·
these orchat·ds. The soil , where it has heen f r equently
enltivat rd in th rse orchards, is soft , friable and of g reat
J'ichness, hut it is exactly th e same quality as that of
t he Llnno lands a few m iles to the eash\·ard. Th e t1·ees
run awny a quarter of a mile in soldierly fi les. Irriga tion is hy t h e con cr et e piping system that bespeaks
}1crman ency and r eliability. Not a w eed or leaf of
unwanted growth breaks the evenn ess of th e surfaee
wh ich lends itself admirably to irrigation. The drcidn ous fr•uit raised in this altitude is fa mous of absence of
�The Western Comrade
tt .
of Achieveme;rit
Justly Theirs; Where Honest Toil Will Know No
mied the Right To Be Useful
.JE
" ·atet·y substance, a11d the pears rank as the best qual- on a stalk and shakes forth a shower of gold that floats
ity for meatiness and flavor. An increased acreage of lightly down the hillside on the searcely moving air.
JH'a rs is asst red e1·ery year whet·e ranches are "unuer The eye is drawn onward across the valley that lies
tht> Jitth, ., as they d escribr lands having water rights ·spread like a great cloth of gold tinted green. One can
-and watl'r. On these pea r ranches, as, indeed, on all trace the course of the streams by the bright lgreen
ran<·hes in the valley, the alfalfa fields offer· alluring trees and the thriving ranches that ·lie "under the waspots of vi viJ g reen . "It's just like gold bonds," says ter" on the higher mesas n ea.t·er the hills. Across the
th e apprreiativc driver with a wave toward the immen se staeks of alfalfa the ranch ers have stored away .
•Just 11·hy this storing is douc· is a mystery to . the
tli'Ophyt,•, as th e gt·ow th is so steady and the cutting so
(·ont innous, on<' 11·ondet·s why it is not immediately fed
or· markPt!'d. lneid r nt ally the nninitiated ar·e amazed
nt t iJ,. eag-l•rness of all beasts and fowls to get at th e
all'alfa. ]t S<'<'lltS to he a highly pr·iz~d fooJ for all
things that live and move.
l'r·ohah ly th r> bt·st point to gt't an all inelusiw view
of the Llano (·onntry is fr·ont tht> loll' l.ving hills just
ll't•st of th(• site of th e propos1•d darn at the out1io11· of
·· Big Hod;: " errelc
Hen· one is stll·r·oundeJ h.v t ill' most wondrous of
ltird: insect and tlom·r life. li••rr our may sit and draw
inspiration for tll'Pa ms. lf thr tlay he bright- and th e
sunshint' an~mgc is high , r1·en for the land of sunshinP-;:-t h<· picture ~~· ill be a vi1·id Oil<'. One not only
Sl' <'S dearly hut he feels deeply lr el'C.
Behind towrrs
th" high prak of th e northern portion of San Antonio,
,.o,·cred fo t· the gr eat portion of th e year with snow
11·hi eh lies drf'p in th e gulches out of the l'an.,.e of the
sun ·s rays and slowly melts, sending down ~~konstant
Three - year-old pea r trees. Part of a 600 - acre orchard
supply of water to the t hirsty valley below. / The sky- near the Llano del Rio colony Ianda. The soil Is identically
line of t he mountains to the south is fringed with lofty the same and is adapted to the growth of deciduous fruits.
It i s the i ntention to p l ant thousands of acres in fruit trees.
pine trees a nd these are clear ly p encill ed against the The soi l her e· l!hows it i s furrowed and prepa~ed for irrigation.
elouds d espite their great distance. Beneath ones feet, An a bundance of water ia available for this purpose.
,,t this time of t he year (June ) t here is myriad wild
Mowers running from soft; w ide-eyed, white waxen \'alley the buttes and peaks soften into purple and the
beauties hugging timidly to t he glebe, to the striking mystery of th eir silence and distance deepens.
beauty of bright red blossoms waving in t he breeze.
Here is the spot to sit and plan of the wonderful
Here an early blossom has matured and from" its pur- transformation that is about to take place in the landp le heart is spreading a shimmering d ust cloud of blue scape just below. Indeed one can see the workings of
poll en to be blown far away to wher e it shall be gath- this now, fo r there are great spaces where the bare
Ned lovingly to its mission. A silent towhee alights
(Continued on Page 25 )
�The Weste r n Co mr ade
18
PLAYING HOOKEY FROM HEAVEN
' "' T HERE was the Associated Press, the longest
VV leased liar and ot~ er n ews distributing agencies on Monday, May 25 1 It was serious enough to
have failed to give us a text for the less.on for E!unday, :\lay 17. Why do they .not tell us, as of yore,
of' th<· wise sayings and teachings of John D. Rockefd ler· .Jr., who concl ucts a Sunday school c las~ ? Can
it he that this holy man is playing hQokey? On May
17, th<· l<·sson bega n with Luk e, 16-10: " There was
a l'<·r·ta in r·ith man whi!:h was clothed in purple and
tin<· lirwn , and fared sumptuously every day; and
t hPrt· was a l'l'rtftin h<'ggar nam ed Lazarus, which
was laid at his gatP full of sores. • • ••·• The
following :-iundy .John D. Jr. would have r·ead with
t ht• 11111'1 ion h<' so oilily uses on thc~se sweetly solemn
o•·•·asions, Luk <', 17, 2: " "J'wPr!' better for him that
a nrillston<· were hang<'d about his n eck and he cast
into 1lrr sea, than that h<· should offend mr one of
th<·s<· littlP ones."
'W'nid1 littl e ones '!
Tln'r\, hildren of Ludlow?
Ay<O: a millston P I lt is hanged >th ere, about his
llt't'k. Cast into th e sea he will, like Macbeth's hand ,
all gn·at Nrptune's O<·ran incar·nadine, making the
gr·<·Pn o11r r·ed.-F. E. \V.
• • •
R
THE LAND PROBLEM
BALJZJNG th e vast significan ce of the Janel
qu estion, the Socialist speakers and writrt·s of
the \Vest, in an ever-growing d egr ee, are giving the
p eopl e th eir view of this·subject. Th e W estern Comcmdc will always treat the farm er's problems to the
limit of its ability, appreciating, as it does, that one
of the gravest problems that fa ces us is th e system
that allows a small class of capitalists to own Yast
tracts of land for .no other purposr than to rob a11d
exploit the p eople.
'J'h e following, takrn from a repol't that appear·ed
in The l1ondon 'rimes r ecently, tells of the stand
taken hy one of the British Socialist organizations,
to wit , th e Indep endent Party:
"The national administrati;e tonncil of the Independt>nt Labor· Party will propose, at tl,re ·impending
Labor conference in Glasgow, that the working
classes should oppose a.ny proposals which 'would
st~engthen the position of the great territorial
oWner~, or perpetuate 'the private ownership of the
land, whether by the cr eation of a class of peasant
proprietors or .otherwise, and should declare that
only such prop·o sals for t emporar y and immediate
r eform as tend towards bringing the land and its
Ya}ues into . the 0\\'Dership Of the COmmunity are
worthy of support.'
"Furth er·more, as a practical means of nationalizing the land the conference will r ecommend the parliam e ntar~ party ' t o pr·epare and introduce a bill
enacting that a levy shall he assessed on all la nded
estates, urban and rm·al, for the setting up of a land
r·edemption fnnd to enable the nation to reacquire its
·lost rights of ownership in the land within a r easona hi e pt>riod and on terms which shall fairly recognize
all Pxisting int erests. ' "
ltshould he elearly und erstood that T.he \Yestern
C'omrade, whil e fighting the monopolization of land,
does not , under· any e in~ umstan ces, oppose priYate
ownership of land when that land is used directly by
I lw owner· and when that owner, in tilling his soil,
dn<·s not exp loit labor or· harm the people.-E. J.
• • •
J
THE NOISY DOLLAR
OHK SHARP \YJLL1Al\1S caused a rattling of
the-dry bon es in th e Senatorial J ehosaphat when
he quoted passages from a letter written by a certain
"gentleman in •the Gorernment service at Vera
Cruz,,. in whieh the unknown d eclar·ed it would cost
$5,000,000.000 and 200,000 lives to take l\T exico and
hold the ~Vlexicans ii:J subjection. There was a gasp
of hol'ror, according to r eports, at the m ention of
appalling figures. ( Of dollars Y)
Tlw 1Ptt er writer· d et· lared that the nosiest thing
in :\Icx ieo is the Amer·iean dollar. Right, 0 wise
diplomat, and it's t he noisiest thing in America. Endangered, the dollar· shri eks and the echo of its
dismal howls in C'olor·ado dr·own the cries of burning,
hullet-torn , nnrtilatPd l'hildren at Lu.dlow. Its roar
r·ises ahoYe· thP wido"· 's \rail at thP mouth of th e
belching pit of the E('c·les colliery, where 167 work-
�Tbe
e tern Com ra e
eNS lie in shambles. Glutted with blood of the toile
it sings an anthem of greed that wells abot"e tbe
laehrymosa dies ilia of the bereft.
Aye, its a noisy coin down there but while in
t he mad hell of lfexico's saturnalia of rapine the
Yankee dollar sings a wild refrain, from Tarrytown'
quiet chapel arises a paean of joy and unctuous eontent as an oily Moloch draws closer the cloak of
sanetity, rolls his watery eyes skyward, mnrm~g
'· my conscience acquits me."
What value are 200,000 human lives T The moans
of th01;e five billion saddened simoleons would
d'<•adc:n the groans of the perishing soldiers, starving,
l'llrn eshed in bureaucratic red tape, dying miserably
iu t he Vf'rmin-ridden camps beneath scorching suns.
J<'I Vh BII,Ll ON! Oh, it cannot be. There will
),,. no war.-1". E. W .
... ... ...
"INALIENABLE " RIGHTS MYTH
you hear a shout from some
I'Xeit<'d citizen about encr·oachments upon his
' ·i na li enahle'' ri ghts. Listen closely and you will
J .. ar·n
1hat th ose " inalienable" rights have been
alic•natr>d . Str·ange anachronism ; someone has taken
away from him something whieh cannot be takenbut it has.
T he constitutions of the Cnited States and of the
R1A1cs guarantee a lot of these. inalienable t hings.
Stntutor·y laws extend tht• guamntees to cover· other
ri ghts and th ese becomP inali1•nahl e.
Freedom of speech is a myt h. No such thing
exists or has existed . Fo1· attempts at free speech
our lder brothers fonnerly crucified the r eckless
sp 'ak rs, head dowuwat·d. Later· th ey nailed the
rxpPrim entors right side up, hut no less firmly to
th e rood . Th e hemlocT< was a mere diversion . Now
we Wflllop th em on th e head with t he butt of a rifle
or huyoi1et t hem, and if th ey survive, give th em six
m nth iu a j)J'ison hell-vide Bouck \¥bite 's sen1PJJee. The troubl e with Whit e was he t hought there
had been some p1·ogr ess toward liberty during th e
past ninetern hundred years. The "inalienable "
1·ight gi ven h, the con titution peacefully to assemhl is sm other· fa k . It i the surest, swiftest road
to th e dungeon k ep. lt was a fake when the constituti n Wll writt n · it is a fake now.
t'pton inclair· may b able to quote some print-
F
HEt~ l ' ENTJ.,Y
ing on me parehmen: that will prove that hi n
Free ilence League · b ed upon an in i
bl
right. g.!l to the bat pton w are all \vith
you are on tbe road to the h
h
serve frijol and stale bread twice d .
~e
cialists are fond of the inalienabl
idea. Frequently we t and upon th
i. r.
nail keg and wake up in the uart l with
ideal and battered eyebr ow.
Get this fact t raight: The only time you hav
inalienable po
ion of anything is when you hav
the niost power and know how to u it intellig tly
aaain t the would-be alienator.-F. E . W.
... ... ...
TARIFF REFORM AND THE H. C. OF L.
HOSE who have been awaiting t he r port on
the ~orking of the nderwood- immon tar1tf
are inter ested in the authoritativ figur ftH' th ·
first si.x months ' operation of the ben vol nt m a ur
which we were assured would reduce t he High o t
of Living and make life for the workers on prolonged pa ean of joy. The r eport shows that th r
of
has heen an incr ease of imports n d ' r a
exports, a falling off of revenue and a slowing down
of manufacturing business. lmports iner as d 37
p er cent over the same p eriod last. year, whil
exports d eclined 31 per cent. This was anti ' ipnted .
As fo r the reduction in t he cost of living- that
promise was never taken seriously by p eople of
intelligence. Notwithstanding th e fact that the
incr ease in imports was n early all foodstuffs, prices
are hi gher than before: The beef trust, fo r instanc ,
had th e situation in a firm grip before the tariff
r eform measure went into operation. The beef
barons have idtported 83,000,000 pounds of fres h
beef since th e duty was removed and t he prices ar
30 per cent higher t han hefore and are soaring
merrily upward ·along with t hat of other food
product<;.
Of course, the incom e tax is depend ed upon to
make up th e $37,097,955 defi cit in t he tt·easury.
Republicans will mak e the most of the situation for
political purposes, and will offer a prize brand of
dope to the vot ers. Something that is a sure cinch,
blown in the bottle, warranted not to rip, ravel or
run down at the heel. E very old polit ical party will
come fo rward with something far better than th e
T
�20
T h e West ·ern Com i a d e
other has to offer. Meantime the H. C. of L. will thou toilest for the altogether indispensable, for daily
be working day, night and Sunday without regard bread. " -F. E. W.
to overtime. There will be·n·o commensurate increase
COMING CO-OPERATIVE COLONIES
in wages, and the burden on the workers will grow
wearier every hour. This is not pessimism. This is
DEAL climatic conditions that exist in the great
valleys of Califo:cnia make them excellent places
a plain statement of facts. The situation will grow
worse and th e so-called r emedies will turn out as has for the establishment of co-operative colonies. The
this latest tariff brand. There is no r eform remedy. · productivity of the· soil is a source of continual wonTh e end will come when the sleeper awakes ; when derment. From the Imperial valley will come during
the worl<ing class learns its own power; ":l1en the the season just opened not less than 5000 carloads of
toiiPrs sPize their opportunity and, through political cantaloup·es: Shipments in former years have someal'tion , or any old kind of action, iJ?.cluding ti'mes reached 3500, but extensive planting will mak e
<·o-orlt'rat i\'(' methods, wrest th e- so~rces .o f iife from this season a r ecord breaker.
·
t IH· J.!rasp of the ('Xploiters.-F. E. W.
This eritire r egion a few y ears ago was a d esert ,
with an annual rainfall of only three or four inchel
HANDS OF THE TOILERS
lr-rigation has transform ed it into one of th e most
ELE N KELLER is a constant source of inspira- produ~ti ve sections in the world.
tion to thousancls of weak and burdened.
Th e land in th e g reat Imperial and Coac hell a
\\'it bout sight , slw sees with wonderful clearness; Ya lleys shows \\·onderful f ertility when wat er is
\\' it bout hc·arin g, slw !wars th e cr·y of th e oppressed . applied. From the lnt"ter· com es r eports of i1hm ense
Nothing that this wondpr·ful woman has ever written erops almost r·eady for th e mark et. The Coachella
~howc · d bPr l< ccmwss of understanding more than
valley will he one of the greatest dat e prodf~ein g
h('r quotation from ( 'al'ly ]p 's ''Sartor Rcsartus, '' in countries in th e wodd .
a IIHlgazinP arti<.:IP on th e hands of the toil ers. Th e
Th e g r eat mesas in th e Ant elope valley r egion
· f'a • t thai this srkction was made from a hook not arP probably more fert il e than th e lower lyin g lands
~·~\;IJJion ly read , indi catt•s th e vast fi(' ]d of li t ernhli'C to th e southeast. Owing to its altitude, th e r egion is
PXp]()J'(•d hy l\Iiss Kc>IIPJ' and hrr t utor and constant heter suitf"d to gro\Yin g deciduous fr·uits, and it will
<·ompanion, hPst known to thP \l·orld as Ann Sullivan. doubtl ess becom e the g 1·eatest p ear produ c ing c:ouoJTo tli(• lattPr humanity OWl's a g r·ra t d!'ht of grati - try in the world. The Ant elope valley will he th e
tude·. Th<· quotation is so <·omp]d (•, and so pow!'rf'ul , seene of th e estahlishmt•nt of th e largest co-operatiYe
it is li <• J'<' g iven without <·ornmPnt :
_
<·o lony en·r attPmptc·d. Th e Llano del Rio pr·oj ect
'.' VenPnth lc· to rnr is th<· hard ll nnd; cr·ool\ ed, is des(·rihed at lengt h in this numbe r of Th e ·w est ern ·
<·oa rs<•; w hPrcin notwithstanding li<·s a cunnin g ('omrad(·. T he plan as outlinPd will give thousands
vi rtu<', indefeasibly royal , as of thP Se('ptre of this 1111 oppol't11nity to apply throries and to mal\e a
Plan(•t. Vcnrrahl e, too, is t he rugg(•d facP , all drmonstrat iCI'h of the pnwtieahility of eo-operation .
wPat hPr·-tanned, hesoiled , with its rud e int<·lligence; It will h<• to thonsnnds what one writ er has aptly
for it is the faec of a l\fan li Ying manlik(•. 0 , hnt h•rrn rd it : ··The gateway to t'r·Pedom. ' '- F. E . W.
thp Jl;!Ol'(' venNahiP for· thy rudenpss, and evrn
•
A
•
hP<·aus<· \\'!' mnst pity as \Yell as lov p the<'! IlardlyBOOST THE WESTERN COMRADE
cntreatPd Brothl•r! For ns \\·as thy ha<·k so h<•nt. fo r
illS magazin e d <•sr r·,·ps your support. Why not
us wrr·r t iH•y ~traight limbs and fing<'I'S so rl efo i'TIH'cl ;
get your fr·i('nds to su hserihe? Send a dollar
thou wer-t our Conseript, on whom tlw lot I'P!I, and to Box n:), Los Ang-Pls. and you will get th e ma gafighting om· battl es wert sp mnr·red. For in thPe, too, zinP for :111 entir·p ~' r nr·. Don 't wait. Do it now.
lay a god -e reat ed For·m , hut it was not to he Til !' magazim· · has a eorps of great vV!'iters. Frank
u~ifoldPd; in('!'ust erl must it stand with t h<~ thick E. \\'olk Em;ltJUl'l Julius. Edgeumb Pinchon, Sidn ey
IHl lwsions and df'fa e<•ments of Labor; and thy hody, Hillyard . •loh Harriman and oth-ers will give you a
lik P thy sou l, \\·as not to kr1ow fr·eedom. Yet toil on, magazirw . to hr pr·oud of. noost '!'h e \\' est<'rn Comtoil on ; thou art in thy duty, b e out of it who may;
radP! Get r·L·ad ers'
• • •
I
• • •
H
T
�. '2]
Finance Co-operative Industries
.Labor's Bank a New Factor of the .Glass Struggle.
By EDGCUMB PINCHON
•
r.=.:r==:=!l!:11 N
a fo rmer articl.e on the financial power
of the workers as a weapon in the class
struggle, I "Said: . The dominan factor
in the world of Labor within th e' next
three years will be the Labor Bank of
America ; and by its inevitable oper f!tion,
by its very efforts at self-preservat~on a's
a busin ess institution, it
bring us
t te bord ers of tf1e Co-op er ativ e Commonwealth \Vithin
'
t~·n years.
In that a r·ti cle I a lso announ ced that th e Bricklay•· t·s', l\I old ers ' and Plaster ers' International Union, in
thr ir r ecent convention, voted unanimously in favo~ of
a r eso lution put fo rward by one of th eir offi cers,
in s! m etin g th e Executive Board to proceed to th e
•·stablishm cnt of a Labor Bank.
In this article I propose to d eal with this Labor
Bank purr ly as a business institution, and show, not
"·hat it might do, or should do, or could do, but what it
will be compelled to do by economic forces beyond its
control.
In th e first case this Trade Un ion Bank of th e
B. l\'L & P. I. U. is of more importance as an indication
of a t end ency on .th e part of Orga!Jized Labor to control
antl use its own funds than as an actual wol'ldng c:lass
Jinancia l institution. lt is the embryo of th e Labor
Bank of Am er ica, not that Bank itself.
If th e most conservativ e union in America makes
this radical departure from accepted proceedin g, wha t
arc we to expect fr·om th e -United Mine \York ers, the
"\ merican federation of ,I,abor, the Brewery \York ers,
il nd oth er more dynami c organizations ?
Will t hey continue supinely to submit th eir· funds
to t he t ender mer cies of the capitalist banks-for th e
payment of strike breakers, the poisoning of th e press
and pulpit, and support of the whol e train of d~vices
· used by the capita iist class to crush Organized Labor ?
1 trow not. I;abor is awakening, stretching, yawnin g.
Pr·escntly Labor will act.
·.
·
Th er e are two ways by which the Labor Bank of
. Am erica will come into existence-eith er th e pre~?ent
Bank, established by th e B. M."& P. I. U., will receive
the support of all th e oth er international: unions, and
,.,·entually will be r eorganized as a joint enterprise,
under the control of th e f ederated unions, or the ~ari
ous international unions f rom t ime to tim e will fo.llow
the example of th e B. 1\L & P , I. U. and found banks of
will
their _9wn, and these }>anks: eventulilly will be forced,
_by m tives of economy, e~ciency and safety, to .amal,
·gamate. into one institution-the Labor Bank of Amer. i ca~with branches in e~ery city of the Union.
'
Such a .b!!nk, once in existence, and-as I have said
-the embr~o· is already her,e, it can have but t wo conc.ei:Vable motives of conduct- the desir.e for profit, aml
th d sire' to · strengthen Organized Labor'. All invest:
ments which I\leet these two requirements will .b e
exploited to the full, and no investment which does npt
m,eet them will be considered for a moment. We must
. admit this much, unless we are to r egard. the responsible
.l ead. e~s ' of Labor as eith er knaves or fools, or both.
But the officers of t he international unions are neither
fools nor knaves. Although undoubtedly there ll.re some
.amo,ng them not wholly to be trusted, we must at least
gi' e to the majority of Labor officials credit for as
much intelligent' self-inter est and business sense as the
average capitalist business man possesses, and this is.
all ·th e equipment they n eed. Social theor~es or ideals
ar e lik ely to be more of a hind:rance .and a snare than
a help ·t o ·these men, to whom Economic Evolution has
entrusted the alm9st mechanical task of emancipating
Labor from its. last slavery.
Granted, then , that' the administrators of the Labor
Bank at·e average hon est and common-sense men, and
that they are not likely to be actuated by other motive
than a desire to invest th e fu nds in their charge in
a manner profitabl e to t he Bank as an institution , and
helpful to Labor as an organization, the whole operations of th e Bank are easily defin ed under six main
headL
'L·
Investments. of the Labor Bank of America · · ·;
A. Quick Assets (i. e. investm ents r eadily convert)..
hle to their equivalent in cash ) .
J. Commercial Loans at current inter est to merchants;
and manufacturers fair to Labor. '
Thus creating a division of interest within.
capitalist class itself, and r eleasin.g merchants:
and manfacturers who wish to be fair to Labol."
from the pressure of th e "Big Business' banks.
2. J~oans at current inter est to cont ractors fair to
Labor.
Thus ensurin g th e "closed shop " on many
contract works now forc ibly compelled by the
" Big Business" banks to operat e 'Under the
"open shop ' " rul e.
inw .
�22
3.
The Western Comrade
Small, short-term loans to members of Organized
Labor at moderate interest on personal security,
backed by th e signatures of two members of
Organized Labor.
Thus releasing the workers from their agelong enemy, t he " loan shark;" and greatly increasing the popularity of Organized Labor and
its Bank among them.
4. Loans to small farmers, for productive purposes
other than the hiril)g of labor, on short-term
notes, renewable, at moderate interest, on .personal security back ed by t he signatur es · of. two
members of the Farmers' Alliance.
Thus r eleasing t he small farmers from the
maw of th e mortgage companies, securi~g their
support of t h Bank, and consolidating their int erests with those of the industrial proletariat.
B. Long Assets (i. e. investments not readily convertible to their equivalent in cash ).
5. The purchase of entire or majority issues of municipal bonds.
'fhurs giving to the Bank the safest of all
long-tim e investments, and controlling the .
administration of municipalities in the the interests of Orga nized I.Jabor.
Organized Labor as Its Own Employer
Before dealin g with the sixth-and infinitely th e
most important investm ent of th e Labor Bank-it is
necessary to r·em ind the reader that this Bank, like any
other institution, wi ll ar·rivc at its fu ll functioning only
fiS a r·esu lt of an evol11tion. lt will not leap at once to
a p er fect use of ·its financial power· in the interests of
Labor, but will proceed more ot,-lcss experimentally. It
w!ll not be actuated in t he least by any SO!!ial t heory
or ultimate ideal, but by th e strict business n ecessities
of th e moment. Least of all will it be actuated by
philantht·opic or humanitarian motives. It will be as
purely a business · institution in the interests of the
organized workers, as is the First National Bank purely
a business institution in the interests of the organized
exploiters; If the Labor Bank adopts the above five
avenues of investment, it will .d o so because they are
sound, safe and profitable, and , at th e same tim e,
strengthening to -Organized Labor in its fight with
Organized Greed. 'l'hese ar e th e tests th e Bank will
find itself compelled to apply to all investments. All
investments which fulfi ll t hese r equir·ements of financial safety an·d profit and strategic advantage it will
· be compelled to welcome; all ot)lers it will be compelled
to leave severely alone.
T hus, step by step, moving cautiously and conser vat ively t he administrators of the Labor Bank \ Viii be
'
~
suited to their .two-fold purpose, until, a lmost mechan~ompelled to seek out the channels of investment most
ically , they will be compel~ed to adopt the most r evo
lutionary action in the history of Labor-the employment of Labo~'s funds for the establishment of Labor's
own Co-operative Industries. A full treatment of this
vastly important matter requires a. chapter in itself,
and must be left· to the next issue . .
What progress are you making in your journey of
agitation and revolt ~ :M:ay we not all keep in mind
H.enry . '.\·\" ard Beecher 's· wise ·saying that we ought not
td judge men by their absolu'te excellence but by the
d'ista~c:'!e ·which they have traveled from the poirlt at
which ·they started Y
We want Socialists to buy our Union-made products.
U11ion conditions in industries means shorter hours,
and shorter hours mean MORE SOCIALISTS.
Mc;n's best quality cotton sox in black, tan or black
with white feet, postpaid, 6 pai r ....................................$1
Men's finest quality lisle thread sox In black, tan, ox
· blo~, steel gray or pure white, postpaid, 6 pai r $1.50
Ladles' finest qu;ality cotton stocki ngs, black, tan or ·
black with white feet, postpaid, 6 palr..........................$1
Ladies' extra heavy cotton stockings, 5 pair..................$1
Children's stockings, postpaid, 6 palr.........................:......$1
Bell brand collars, postpaid, 1 dozen ..............................$1.50
Men's working shirts, blue chambray, heavy -drill
khaki, b lack sateen, each ................................................50c
Men's fancy negligee shirts, latest styles, each..............$1
Neckties, knitted, 50c values, each ....................................25c
Garters, for men, women and ch i ldren, per pair..........25c
Write for catalogue of many other ~rticles.
The CO!l1pany offers $25 in cash to the Socialist
Branch or Local whose ·members have purchased the
largest number of Bell Brand Collar'S-these are the
only collars made under union conditions.
The stockholders of th i s company are all members
of the worki ng class.
Mutual Union Trading Co.
Postal Telegraph Buildi11g, 9 Board of Trade Court,
Chicago, Illinois
•
You will confer a favor by saying you saw our adv.
In the Western Comrade when ordering goods.
Get Us Some Readers!
Talk to tha,t friend of yours--that favorite
one, you know, and get him to subscribe for
the Western Comrade. Boost th£ magazine.
Get some new readers. In dubs of four or
moTe a year's subscription costs only SOc. If
you want to get anyone interested in Socia1ism
introduce the person to The Western Comrade. By the way, have you renewed yet?
Do it now!
�The Western Comrad e
Spifflicating a Theory
By FRANK E. WOLFE
-""'""""'""._~ ENRY DUBB SINGER.is a Californian of
was Peg's gentle, diploJ1!-atic approach to the subject
rare mental attainments. Hen is some- wben he had finished shaving a colonist.
"Y~s, w~ ·want m(m of all1rades-:-except ice cutters.
times affectionately called "Peg" because of a little ina.:dvertency on the part Why don't you come up and get away from this life of
of the boss who failed to cover up a set drudg~ry, live in the .operi and do something for the
screw on a rapidly-revolving shaft in t~e . future. of" the little Pegs and the.i r mother."
factory wher e Singer went to work at
Peg 's face · glowed with proper pride as he drew a
the mature age of eight. This over- long brea.~h for the effort. H ere was a chance' to puncsight cost him a leg, and destroyed his ''effi ciency" in ture a bubble; to, spifflicate a crazy theory on the spot.
that factory, and the c.ompany doctor ceased his visits
"Not on your ·natural. You don't get me into no
as soon as th(• stump had healed. Th e company paid such a scrape (direful word for a barber) as that.
1ht• dorto r· and forgot P eg and. his car elessness.
Whatcher think I am ? Me go up there and work four11 ,,·as fortunat e for t he hoy that it was a foot and t een hours a day shavin' them ginks with a ·whisker
not a hand for t he Russian rn oujiks have a tru e saying iilte a· hai r trnnk, and after the week is ·aver diyide
t hat a ma u without a hand is no man at all. Of course, up with th em ? Nix on the divide stuff! You don 't get
t hey mean that his "rffieirncy" as a labor·er is far P eg SingeF int o ~o such j am as that-not while I ke~p
ht>low par. H ad he lost a hand instead. of a. foot he my ·health and · ~ound mind!"
•·o ul cl not have become a barber, and this ta le would
;,You don't believe in dividing up, t hen, Peg 1"
have never been written.
"Betcherneck l don "t, anll I ain 't go in ' to ever do
Owin g to t he fact H en was an acomplished musician, sich a. crazy-horse stunt as that, n either.''
in t hat he played a mouth organ exceptionally well,
The c·olonist 's face r egister ed 'weariness, almost
he got a job as bootblack and brushboy in the village despair. It was too easy. If P eg had beep. alone he
barber shop. There, in the air of r efin ement and learn- would h ave passe4 it up as battering solid ivory, but
iug, Peg got the edu cation that afterwards distin- there was a whole row of other H enry Dubbses sitting
guished him as a r easoner and philosopher beyond com- on the sidelines, grinning in approval of Peg's cleverpare. By clint of indu-stry and sobri ety, accompanied n ess in smashing an idle and stupid theory. Then the
by most commendable efficiency, Peg arose to the colonist opened up, purring softly at first, but stronger
height of being a barber at th e end of only seYen years at tl1e finish , when he said: .
,. · ~
nf apprenticeship. 'l'hat is to say, he was allowed to
"You certainly are a great genius, but I want to
shave the other members of the large and flourishing p oint out a thing or two you are overlooking: First,
Dubb family that worked in the factory where P eg you wouldn't work iourteen hours a day as you say,
\\'Pnt shy one leg. Well, anyhow, H en finally became and as you are doing now. You wouldn 't be permitted
a full-fled'ged barber, and after he had worked at his to do it; even if you wer e fool enough to want to- as
1rade· fifteen years he was strong on the sporting events
you are wanting to now.. You would work eight hours.
and political conversation stuff. He knew the standing Your wages would be four dollars a day. There is noof all th e clubs in the seven great aggregations of ball scale, and that is the present flat rate. You wouldn 't
tossers. Not only that, P eg knew just what President divide up with anybody. You would get as near the··
·w ilson ought to do with · them blank ed Greasers down full r eturns for your social output as immediately can:
th er e. In fact, Peg was one wise guy.
be arranged. But we will pass all that. Th er e are toa
1
Among t11 e most fascinating of P eg's indoor spor ts many college professors in our midst, and I tttink your
is (for Peg is still in our midst) to tell them skillet- joining us would be a wick ed waste of your great
headed Rocialists just wh er e they jump off. Recently'_ . tal ents.
Ppg heard, in a ronnd-ahout way, that a group of men " · " Let itpass. Suppose we ge into that dividing up
and women had started a co-operative colony. H er e business for a minute. J like your idea ; it seems to be
was a chance fo r P eg to unload some of the '~isdom t he true spirit. Do you own your own home, P eg 1 I'll
of t he ages that had been crowding and surging about ·'hnswer for you. You do not . lt is owned by a big
in t he interior of his massive think tank.
investm ent company that is really a bHilding trust."
"Dontcher want a good, first-class, Al barber up
P eg and th e other Dubbses grinned but listen ed, as
ther e on your Eugene V. Debs-Socialist ~olony 1" This the crazy colonist continued :
�The W es·tern C om ra de
24
"Permit me to review your life for a day or a year. and determination, you divide up with three thieving
You don't believe in dividing up, yet you work here, public utility trusts. Shocked b'y this avalanche of"
and out of every dollar you earn in the fourteen hours unending di\'idends your sensitive ·nature may r evolt
l'levating toil you give the ·boss 60 cents-rather you and you fall ill. In this event you will send for a
divide and tal< e the :,;hort .end. Then you start home. doctor,' who will give you a shot of hop and you will
I know your habits-the habits of your breed. (This rest easy fo r an h"our and-divide up with the doctor.
with a glance at the sidelines) . You stop to buy 3 If you kick off, my d ear, P eg-lets face the cruel possicents worth of dog meat for your supper, for which·
bilities, for you. are ·n early human-if you die, the
you pay 20 cents, and divide up your day's earnin:gs
coffin trust will get a whack at you for a divide, and
with the meat trust. , Down the street you buy 2 cents'
. the tombston e trust will lick up the r emainder of the
worth of hread and pay 10 cents fo_r it~d'ividing. Up
with the flour trust. 'l'hen you bo·ard the · street ar, ·t wo hundred insurance you so nobly carry-and divide
and divid e up with the traction trust. You liang on a up a -b ig premium with the insurance trust. Ther e· is
strap with the other contented, but sad-eye"d animals · one ' mor~ chance for a· dividend. If you k eep up you r
until yo u rl.!ac h t he matchhox you call ho~~- There ·pres nt clip th e chances are 99 to 1 the county will bury
you find a wife wr ary and ovcrburCiened with house- you, and then som e day a railroad will d ecide to run
iJOld drudgery. You also find the landlord 's r ental · a spur track t hrough th e Potters ' field and your hones
ag•·nt eampcd on· th e front steps, and you d eclare wi ll find th eir way to the fertilizer trust-didded up
again.
auo1hf•t· dividl•nd in l'aYor of th e huilding trust."
JTpm·y P eg Ringer twisted ar·ouud until the colonist
'''At t his t im e, my d ear Peg,'' said. the colonist, as •
f•·arl'd hf> would unsct'C\\" his wooden leg and collapse, h e stood wit h t he outsid e doorknob in his grip; "at this
11111 hi' k.. pt nt et·eil essly on. Th e fa ces on th~ sidelines t ime you will , in yom· eal'eer ns a di videy-up, p erform
silO\\"!'() a g limm f> t' of und1·t·standing through the fo.rcst a real service to th e world. D ivided up into proper·
and scientific proportions, mix ed with other -vn luable
or stuhbl e.
'' Inside 1hL· housf' you find th e water bill, t he gas mate1·ial, your bones will mak e Pxccll ent fe rtilizct· for a
J,iJI and 1h•· ,.J.. ..trie lig ht hill. A !rain, 0 ma n of wisdom r·oschush in th e gard en of ou r· colony. GOOD NIGH'l' !"
THE GATEWAY TO FREEDOM
( Con1 inu ed fr·om Pa g-1~ !) )
lie bat hs, g-ymnasium!'>, howlin g- all •·ys, pool. hilliari!s,
,.IJ ,•ss, •·hl'('k•·r·s and all gam •·s in whi•·h t l1 c population
lllii.V find l'lljO,Y IIII'n!.
The Park
'l'h l' tt·nd of' land intlll t' dia te l ~· su JTou ndin.g t he so!•i;\1 •·Ptt!Pt' will h.. dHPlOpC'tl. into a g r eat park in whi ch
;Jl ] kinds of ontrJOfll' gam es will he p)ann<'d and l'Stnhjjg]tpd-golf links, polo g rounds, hasC'hn ll a nd foo t hnll
grounds, t l'tmis cmll'ts, et·ocpwt. o11 tdoor hnths, p laygrounds for th e ~ hildr('n, and all other g am es and
tn r ans by which th e peopl e wor·kin g upon th e land mn:v
t·~njoy th cmsc lvPs. '!'h er r at'<' fnndam cntnl r easons for
this p lnn; on e is th a t those who engage in labor m11st
have some means of enjoyment n1· han.] or th ey will hc<'Oille ·dissati_sfied and nnhnppy. Th r n, too, the mind
will not develop unl ess the brain is r Psted with enjoy llll'nt and r·cli ef from all care, "· hi ~ h comes hcst through
the struggle for supr·cmary in sports. Also th e brain
develops to a high er· degr·ee and is mot·c healthy wh en
it is absolutely r·elicved oeeasionally f rom care and exp et"ien ces an intense excit ement when such ex citement
r esults only in pleasure. The play.ground has settled
more family and n eighborhood differences than all th e
eour·ts of all our cities; for· man will n ever qii'a rrel " ·it h
those with whom h e finds his k een est delight.
Ma.ke }»lans for the City
Around this park the co_mpany has planned to build
its city in rows of beauti ful hom es, designed by a com-
pl'tent a nd experienced ar·chitect , esp ecially with a v iew
to Hl"<"h it f>d Ural bea uty without sac rifi cin g t he comforts
of' honil' lif'f>. Betvieen rac h r ow of cottages extend ing
;mHwd this par·k will he built a s had ('(! hou lc,·ar·d .
How ;il't•·r· row \\"ill he t hus eonstrueted until a ll the
inhabitants at"<' f" Otnfortabl~r housed. 'fhese hom es will
he furni~hed to t he sto1:k hold r rs at aetual cost. p_a yable
in n ' nts on sueh ter·ms as may he mutua lly agr:·ccd .u pori.
Th e l'OSt of such houses will he mat<'r ially less than
pt'l'\·ails in any modrr· n f' ity :u1d consequently the r ental
l' harg<' ,~·ill be n omin a l in comparison to t he r ent of
sueh JH'Op crty in othe r places.
Th l• eompany \\"ill d l• Yclop its owu eleetricity and in
t ul'11 " ·ill furnish electr·ic p ower for· all domestic and
rnanufacturing purposes of whatsoever kiud.
Th ere is on t he property limest one of excellent char·aeter ; a lso a gr eat variety of clay sufficient for brick
and oth er pu r·poses; and in th e mountains just above,
" ·ithin th e fo r est r eserYe, th er e is a n abundanec of ti'mhcr· that c~n be purchased at $1 p er thousand, stumpage.
B~' mea ns of proper machinery t his lumbct· cau be
sa \\·ed and d eliver ed to th e fownsite at a price far less
than th e· same can be purchased in the open market.
It can he J"t~ad il y seen that a project of this magnitude will r equire in: its d evelopment men and women
of d in rsi.fi ed callings. Every d epartment that is now
known in a modem city will find a count erpart in t his
nc\\· city.
Th ere will be a field for ever·yone who is willi~g to
�2&
T bit!' W e's tern Comrade
work and ambitious to enjoy ALL the fruits of hi
fit them for any particular department will there find
<'ndeavor.
their vocation.
Th er e will be ample opportunity f or the individual
If you are..a lawyer, a ecount ant or office manage~,
to cult ivate whatever art trade or calling he choo e
you will naturally become allied witl1 the :finance deand to do o under the mo"t favorable circum t ances
partment, which will include the banking accounting
and it will be po ible by combining _the me t mod~rn auditing and legal work of the community. If you are
met hods of teaching with pr actical · comparison and an architect or draft man your place will b e in t he dedl.'monsiration to gin t o t he children a thorough and p artment of building and construction, and o on..
·t•n ·icca.hll' l'ducation which it is ab olutely im po ible
In placing Uti t atement befQr e
workers it .is
to ·pt·ocur e in our moder n citie .
hop d that £he pian will r eceive the mo earnest coil·
The applicat ion of every tudy i · 'enr pre ent beideration. ' Do you. want to en ter into a project whien
fun· the pupil . 'l'ht>ot·y and a<:tual p ractice rub elbow
-shares ..y<lur r e ponsib ility wit b ev~ry member of 'tbe
t o~t·t ht•t·. and t lw rP.·ult i that a child can ma ter with colon y?
y on ~ant tl~e a surance thateaeh day yon
P;t.·t· what would often
ap hi· .rtrength and tax hi
a re laying u p a perso~at fund be id e . harin'g in the
lu·n It h in tlw city . ehool .
general p rospeHty of your co-workers T Do you w~t
Thl' hu ·inl'. of thi. corpm·ntion will be conducted t he assurance which bould be guaran teed to every 'iiiin depat·tm<·nt , Nwh dl'partincnt under the direction of d i,·idual that you will not b~ out of employment' These
an eXJert hl'ad.
que tions are
answering.. Every man an d e¥ery
The work of anv eo~uoitv niay he di,·ided into woman want ju t that. Tl} · i a part of wltai this.
. · ·
t hn•t• hranehc. o1· gcnct·aydl'partment -the ceonom1e, plan offers. .
till' . ot·ial and tht• eon. trueti,·e. The economic field
Tbe~e i · carcel~ a u eful occupation that will not
would eml11·ace m·h cxt'eutive dcpa.-tmeot a financP. fumi h capable wor ker to tlu colony . Previous exindu. try. di tribution and commpt·cc. The ocial branch perience a an agriculturi t i not necessary. A corp
would eompri e thP dcpartment of education~ recrea- of exper t will be in' charge of every branch of the protion, \n·lfare and h~· :.-icnc. The em1 truetiYP would in- ductive indu trie . No wm·ker in any country can
t·lude ao:rit·ulture, public work . buildings and tran - deny that he is deeply inter ted in the e problems.
port at ion. Tho. l' who ·e inelination or pa training Let u work them out in a practical manner.
the
Do
elf
LLANO DEL RIO
By Frank E . Wolfe
( Continued from Paae 17 )
t•;u·th i · op('n to the ky-where t11e oil a fcw wPek
;J ~o w11 · O\'ergrown with grca ewood and giant .)o-u<·ea• .
.-\ ~rPat traetor i tl'ariucr away at thi gt·owth and
1wo eolll'~l' boy
ft l1 from the.• c.·ampu . with hand
I hat han~ known no ruder ta k than the gymua ium or
hull ficld, arc> dearing the land at the rate of tl'o acre
a day. li-ater th e youtl1 will plow the e field at
:till grt>ntc.•r ratio per day and wit'hio a fc>w mont b:
tht•re will be cra•·dens and orchards and grouing field ·
wherc> now the coyote· an.d jack-rabbit play tlu~:r crame
of life and death amona the sage and cactus.
ther traeto are on the grmmd ready for their
work of dearing, ditching, piowing and earr~·ioa the
lteaYi~r burden of pioneerina, and cultiYating. E,·e~·
where engineers and urvt>ying parti are at work.
Over in the middle d. tanc>e a gang · building bridg .
oYer the Ja_m er brancbt> of l1e ri,·er in the '"wa h :'·
:mot her crew i laying the foundation for [he first colony huildina o hl" t>reeted since be enterpr" e beg31,1.
A nu·k i car~-ing lumbt>r, another et>ment. and the
;mt are earr~·incr supplie and lunch ·o half a dozen
point where he various ·work are
ing forward.
From )J • al creek eom tl1t> muffled roar of explo'ion where a powder t"re\T · bl ing on the bedroek
preparatory to laying the foundation of the first dam
that haJl first hold then di,·ert water to a great reservoir ite a quarter of a mile to theca tward.
umeron. team with hu ky drivers ·are moving about in the
field below and tl1e faint humming of mowing ma<·hine indicate that the third alfalfa ·cutting i under
w:1y in a 60-aere 'piece .. that li . ju t bordering on
the ditch from Big Rock creek. Below all the ounds
of nature and man in the \'alley com the subdped roar
of he m bing tream in i he bed o[ the river back or
tht> hiJI. The ound is like the decp diapason of a
gr('at organ a the river come from the canyon where
!t flow. from a thousand fern grown tream in the
deep for
archway of the mountains abo\•e.
·with the wonderllll p ibilitie of the land and tbe
'"a fer; tbe inspired determination of men who know a
-•an'~ ize job and tackle it fear)
y one · gripped
by the determination to be up and doin .
.
Dream come to all who are hi ed with ,.-j ion
but here i an opporhmity to take a man part in
making dreaDll come tme. The wonderful wllite· city
\\ith ·the turret . or dome o!f' the arti
hope will come
in time and come swiftl~·. mea. ured by the growth of
he outside world. Tbere. on the upper table of the
grantl mesa,. will grow a co-oper2tive city of marvel.,os
beauty, if he dream of the rona men and women,
who are pioneering tl1. en erpr , ean be made o unfold into reality.
�The Western Comrade
The Man Who Wouldn't Talk
l_ By EMANUEL JULIUS
HEN James Cronin was sentenced -to a
twenty-year term, he swore: "So help
me God, this is the last time I talk.''
No one paid the least attention to tltis
statement, for all agreed it wrut quite
meaningless. But, when .TalJles Cronin
was brought to the penitentiary, the first
thing the men · in authority lea:rned was
that this peculiar wretch meant to make good .his threat
- he wouldn't talk.
:.;
Warden Pollock concluded that a week · or so of
sil ence would end this ridiculous affair. Surely, he
would talk. But, he didn't. Cronin refused to utter
a word.
He was the best sort of inmate- obeyed rules; trouhl d no one ; did his work in a willing manner. H e was
a fine prisoner, this James Cronin was-that is, fine
fr·om t he viewpoiut of th e warden. But Cronin.
wouldn't talk.
Th e months passt•d; James Cronin continued his
sileue<•. To be sur·e, the newspaper cditor·s were quick
to fH'C the n ews valu e of' this strange convict, so they
assi"ut•d reporters to writ<' '• human inter est stories"
ttbout this man who wou ldu 't talk. And, of course, the
repor·tcr·s wr·otc; and, like good reporters, they never
went nC'ar th e silent con viet.
\Var·dt!n Poll ack r·ead all their stories and had to
conf ss t lwy were very r eadabl e, even though the repor·tcr·s _n ever appr·oac hed the su hj ect which- had pet·mit.ted theit· imaginations to hav e full play.
They put that subtle thing call ed atmosphere into
th it· stories; and this, ·warden Pollack found exceedingly intcr·esting. 'rhey. also did some ''fine \Hiting,''
mnking it appear as though Convict 7998 were some
t.hought-b.e sotted, melancholy persou.
"This t hin, wiry, glassy-eyed man of mystery has
<.'lo ed his soul in a tomb o fsilence,' said one r eporter
in a story that covered almost two columns. "He has
found the world to be n vale of tears; he has learned
tl~at mankind i jungle- pirited ; that civilization kills
th light in the poet's heart and stifles the laughter of
hildr n. With a heart suffering the pangs of. r emorse,
with a on ci nee w ighted with sin, with lwpes blasted
and ideal eru hed with love'cold and passionles-s, he
now p nd the w ary days of hi life in ~ prison cellil nt dumb d ad!
When ''arden Pollack r ead thi he admitMd he
wa touch d.
om •how he felt that his silent convict
\Va. a chara t er who had lived an extraordinary life,
who fhought deep melancholy thought and who e oul
-"""'!!!!"1!!!!"'!!!!"'!!!!'!11
~
W
m
was alive with the immensiti
paper to Convict 7998.
aathered in his eyes-but h
\~ithout even moving liis lip
Th~ years passed, and this convict eontinu d hi
silen ·e. ·At almost regular periods the n wspap r told
wierd interest-eompellirig stories of thi man. Hi
fame spread rapidly; before long, he beca.m a national
chaTacter....... He was pointed out to gaping inqui i iv
visitors; SGme, for the sake of the experience, pok '
to him, but he never answered. He would not talk.
A poet was attracted to this ilent uffer r. Thi ·
poet's name was known wherever people spoke Engli ft.
He. penned a wonderful poem; it reached the h a rts of
·t he p~ople. It was pregnant with suffering, a ,rare
work of art.
An arti&t gain d permission to paint a portrait of
Convict 7998. H e worked weeks and weeks; his pictm·e was a masterpiP-ce. It won the salon medal. In
the eyes of this convict, the artist placed the glow of
twilight. Behind the eyes, the picture seemed to mir1'01' a soul bent on self-abnegation.
The lips were
seal ed; closed tightly; drawn down .at the sides ; silenee! dea th ! mastery !-all these wer e expressed in
this pic:tur·e. Th e convict was permitted to gaze upon
the portr·ait befo re it was r emoved; but, he did not say
a " ·or·c! .
Th e prison chaplain said this convict was resting
with God-facing the holy light of the Cr eator ; he felt
that her e was a latter-day saint ; rath er, here was the
~or·t of martyr that gave self to the lions rather than
renoun ce Hinf. When he stood before this man of
silence, the chaplain felt as though he were an inferior,
that her e was a man who showed, in his every move,
his loYC for God, · his faith in the ultimate.
At last th er e came the day when the prison doors
wet·e to open for this man who wouldnt talk. \Varden
Pollock spoke to him.
"Your day has come," he said; "and now you arc
to go into the _world- free! You have not spoken a
wor·d dm·ing all t hese years. " _
The other hook his head slowly.
" I l_1ave been wondering what were the thoughts
that occupied your mind during these years of silence,"
Warden Pollack continued. "Didn't you feel an irresistible de ire, on many occasions, to break this awful -silence?''
Jame. Cronin nodded his head.
.. I feel that you had some things you were almo!Jt
�27
The W .e s cern Comrade
insane in your anxiety to. say; and y et , you did not
talk. Surely t her e was one thing, above all, that you
desired t o say- something. Tell me, what was iU "
J ames Cronin clear ed his throat. Warden Pollack
leaned forward a bit so anxious wa,s he to catch tfi,e
first words to come from this man of silence.
In a solemn tone, 'the con~ct asked:
"Have yuh got the makin 's ?"
The Man On th.e Spot
F. P. MacMahon
Th e man wh o is in chat·ge of "Things Doing ' ' at
l(a tw ho Ll ano d<' l Ri o is F . P .• Tac?lfahon, fo rnH•t· presidt·nt of th <' Build in g Trad es Council of Los An geles
< 'u un ty.
11 <· is a man " ·ho knows T1is business, who
und <•rst:w ds wh a t must he done and how to have it
d(l ne. 1\la<·i\lah on is lon·d h:v a ll wh o come in contact
11·ith him. II <· din·l't s t h<' wod < in a sane, democratic
'''an n<' r, a hnt~'s l!<'lt ing- th <' n ·sults needed .
Th Pt'<' is inspiration for th <' "·ork ers in th e ti r eless
booklieeper saved the liv es~f several weaklings among
the por k ers hecause of h1s skill in feeding. them' with a
fountain pen .fi11er until nursing nipples could be
secured.
BLIND
By Harry ·Kemp
Th e -~Spring ~l ew tmmpets of color ;
H er Green saog in my brain.
I heard a· blind man groping
~ 'T ap-t ap ' ' 'with his cane;
I pitied him his blindness :
But can I boast " I see" 1
P cl'haps ' tlJet·e walks a spirit
Close by, who pitie: me,-
..u:
A spirit who heat·s me tapping
Th e fi ve-sensed cane of mind
Amid such unguessed glories
That I am worse than blind !
• • •
Republicans and Progressives at·e getting together
a ll right- th e noise of their f requent collisions r everberat es lik e a hoiler fa ctory .on full tim e.
• • •
lf th ere is auy truth in th e r eport that Germany
would like to aun ex th e PhilipP.ines we have a suggestion: Let th e Kaiser t~k e Colorado inst ead and we '11
call it a bargain.
• • •
A Kansas town has adopted a slogan that will brin~
it fam e : "He didn 't know it eouldn 't l~ e done, so the
Dam Fool went and done it! ''
and uncomplaining way Mac takes hold of th e hig jobs
on th e rancho and push es _them through. H e has a
In patronizing ad ve rtisers in Th e W est ern Comrade
thorough grip on affairs, and wh eth el' it be big enter- speak a word of e n c ourage m en ~ to th em.
prises or small, he is never· at a loss. Fro~ clearing
land with the tractor down to the disposition of a dozen ·
of the rapidly arriving r ed pigs, he is th ere with a
quick decision and pl'ompt action.
·
Considerable merriment Ju\s been caused by th e way
me9 who have had no experience in agricultural pursuits have taken hold of tasks on th e ranch-o. A fo~in.er
'
�28
1
The Western Comrade
:; a=.
THE WESTERN COMRADE
~f.S
E n tered as second-class m atter
post office at Los Angeles, Cal.
EYE-OPENERS
'll
''In choosing his men,'' said the
Sabbath school superintendent,_' ' Gid203 New High ·street, P. 0 . Box 135
eon did not select those who laid
Los Angeles, Cal. .
·
S ubscription P r ice One Dollar a Yea.- aside their arms and threw themIn Clubs of Fou.- F ifty Cents
selves down to drink; he took those
Emanuel Julius, Edito.who watched with one eye and drank
Fr a nk E. Wolfe, Associate Ed ito r ;
with the other. :'-Ppiladelphia PubV ol. 2
June, 19!4
N o. 2 lie Ledger.
at the
h H. Gorham wants 300 subs. for
--- ·
the Jntel'llational Socialist Review:
.HAD EXPERIENCE
Kindly send your su bi'icriptions to
"I v."Rnt a pair of button &hoes for
Jrim, 1745 All esandro street, Los An- my wi~e."
gclcs, and so send him .as your dele"This way, sir. ·what kind do yJu
gatr to Vietma. Gorham is a Social: Iwish , sir? "
·'• .
ist of t wcnty years, and an Esper"Doesn't matter·; just so th ey don 't
antist.
button in th e har k. ' '- Philadelphia
- - - ---- ·
· -- -- ---· ·- - ·------ Puhlic Ledger.
The California
Social - Democrat
The Los Ang_eles Citizen ·
A Labor ~aper _that never backs
down, a tabor pap er that always
goes ahead ON THE STRAIGHT
RO~ !
The Citizen is known from Coast
to Coast as the best t r ade union· p aper the nation has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
of more than 12 pages of news and
in~piration an·d education concernin~ organized labor.
Edited by STANLEY B. WILSON
The Citizen is edited by Stanley B.
Wilson, ontl of the· nation's Big Men
of Labor! His editorials are as
widely copied all over the country as
are the editorials of any other1 l;abor
fighter. today. That is the su're test
of quality. Others know that what
.
Wilson writes is THE REAL
FORESIGHT
THING! There's an 'inspiration and
a breadth of view in the writings of
Aunt R ebecca-Dat ol' man o ' this man seldom found' in the work
yohs am sho-' a gooq pr(}\·id er.
of editorial writers. In no other paAunt Chloe-He don e shows his per can you get the WILSON EDI.
sense. H e wants to keep me busy TORIALS! Subscribe to The Citizen
today!
ocenpyin ' dis here skill et as a utensil
The Citizen will come to you for a
instid of a weapou .- Philad elphia whole year-52 big issues-for one
Puhlic Ledger·.
· dollar. Wrap . a bill in a sheet of
paper and mail it. Get a money order if you prefer, or send a check. It
A DOUBLE-CROSS
all goes. BUT DO IT NOW! The
I nth• Pan·nt- No, sir·ec. You can 't Citizen, P . 0. Box 135, Los Angeles,
hav e her·. ] won 't ha ,.c a son-in-law Cal.
who has no mor·e brains than to want
Subscribe for a real Socialist p·a per ·
to rTraJ·r·y a giJ'! \\"ith no more sense
THE. COLORADO WORKER
than my daughtr1· has shown in
Owned and controlled by the membership
al lowing you to think :vnu l'Otdd haYe of
the Socialist Party of Colorado ; 60c
•
he1·.- Lift•.
a yea r, 35c 6 months. 850 Kalama th S t.,
___ .
The Social-Democrat is a paper
with a wallop - a paper. that
BUILDS! It's just the sort of constructive, fighting Socialist paper
t hat the constructive movement of
the great West needs.
Special articles on timely subjects
each week make the Social-Democrat
a paper looked for with eagerness
by every subscriber. Editorials that
drive to the point give the paper a
fighting to~e that is a joy to the
heart of the veterans and an inspiration to the new-comers.
A special department by Chester
M. Wright, t he editor, is one of the
snappy features of the Social-Demo?r at. In this department the big dom gs of the world pass .in review each
week. There's a spicy slam-bang to
Denver, Colo.
t~is department that you'll appreCiate.
·
HOPEFUL
Comrades who know newspapers,
"It's In the Mountains"
Fath
er·!
got a IIUIIllll'r o f' s~al ed
comr ades who know the Socialist
THE B. C. FEDERATION IST
movement and its needs, all join in fH'oposa ls at my offi ce toda~·
Finest
labor paper in Canada. R. Parm
praising the Social-Democrat. Among
Dau~htPr·-Oh , pa, \\'l'r'l' any of
t hose who testify to the high quality tlwm for· rn c 'I -Baltirnor·e _\nH•r·ican. Pettiplece, managing e ditor. Addr ess
Labor Temple, Vancouver, B. C.
and character of the Social-Democrat
ar e Na~ional Executive Secretary
Lanfers1ek, former Congr essman Vict or L. Berger, our own J. Stitt WilIrwhi Tucker
son, the indefatigable Job Harriman
Managing Ed itor
and many others.
Edwin Ellis Ca.-.Thomas C. Hall
Six Bits Gets It for'You!
Cha.-les Edwa.-d Russell
Mail your subscription for this paThe Federal Census of 1910 gives the re- .
per today. It is owned and con-·
ligious population of the country at 82,417,147;
trolled by the Socialist party of Cali54r57 DREXEL AVE.
the Protestant population is placed at 65,415,Ch icago, Il l.
fo rnia. A letter addressed to The
241. These constitute available and absolutely
$1.00 a Yea .necessary materia l for the propaganda of
Social-Democrat, P. 0. Box' l35, Los
Ciub of Fou.- $2.00
Socialism. The Ch rist ian Socialist is edited
Angeles, Cal., will reac~ it promptly.
Twice a Month
in t e rms -- that makes special appeal t o just
MAIL YOUR SUBSCRI PTION TOCHAS. L. BRECKON
this class of people.
DAY- and say you saw the ad in
Business Mg.-.
Send ,2c Stamp fo.- sample.
Th e Western Comrade! ·
;::===============================•
The
Christian
Socialist.
Editorial I.
Staff ·
�T b ·e W e s t e r n C o m r a cl e
Rebuiit--,-T
- ypewriters
Sixth
D ESSER PHOTO CO.
Lantern Slides
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarging
Kodak Finishing-Free Developing
Published weekly. Murray E. King,
editor. One dollar per year in adavnce.
Address communications to room 234
Moose Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
KIRK & 'KIRK
Attorneys at Law
501 Spreckels Theater Building
San Diego, Call!.
Every evening till 6.
Sundays 11 to 12
Oscar-WINBURN-Charles
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
Phone A-3638
NOTARY PUBLIC
100 Per Cent Settlement
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
Insurance Underwriter
360 I. W. Hellman Bul_ldlng
Los Angeles, Cal.
Tel. A -4559
HARRIMAN 4 RYCKMAN
Los Angeles
Attorneys .at L&w
$1 Per Day
921 Higgins Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
EXnA.NEOjJS
F-1592
A.
.
R.
HOLSTON
Attorney at I;aw
Retired M. F. H .-And w.hen we
331-2 Douglas Building
came to the seventeenth:, just as I w~s
Los Angeles, Cal.
going to drive, what should I see but
an old dog-fog staripg at.. me out of
CHARL.'ES 0. MORGAN
the hedge.
·
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
Sympathetic Friend-Ye-s-s-st
Notary Public
Retired 1\'I. F. H.-Now, don't ·you l010 California Bullding, Corner Second
and Broadway
think that was a most remarkable
Home Phone A 3913 Los Angeles: Cal.
thing?''
Sympathetic F~iend~Well, yes, I
. F-2164
Main 7618
suppose it was; but then, you see, I
don't know anything about golf
GOLDMAN &. SHAPIRO
Lawyers
-'-Punch.
Mail Orders
23072 SOUTH SPRING ST.
Phone A-2298
Los Angeles, Cal.
THE
THE INTERMOUNTAIN WORKER
Flower
Broadwa¥ 159Z
226 West First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Headquarters for the best Socialist
books and literature.
BROADWAY
a1;1d
Special Rates By Wee!'
THE JONES BOOK STORE
F-5849
Tbis Stands for
the Best in Confe.ctions, Creams
and Ices . -:- . -:-
Telephone Home A-4533
HOTEL SNOW
From $10 Up
Low Rental Rates
TYPEWRITER SERVICE CO.
A-2591
138 S. Broadway Bdwy. 381b
Los Angeles
Main 1407
29
PAST IS PAST
Notary
232-3 Douglas Bldg.,
3rd and Spring
Los Angeles, Cal.
The Committee on the Revision of
Phone Douglas 3665
th e Articles of Faith had recommended the adoption of a declaration
H. SLIKERMAN
to the rffect that all infants ar~
.Attorney at Law
sa ,·ed. 'rhe recommendation was
Pacific Bullding, Room 631
adopted unanimously.
San Francisco, Cal.
" Now, l\fr. Moderator," said a delegate from Pittsburg, Pa., with pre- Compllments of
tematural solemnity, "I move that
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
this be d eclared retroactive."
Suite 712, San Fernando Bullding
But th e moderator did not seem to
Fourth and Main Streets
IH•aJ• him.-Christian Register.
Los Angeles, Cal.
•
THEIR FINISH
Home A 2003
Main 619
A. J. STEVENS
" I thou ght you told me that Jones
Dentist
\\'as a piano-finisher,'' said the Old
307 South Broadway
Fogy. "v\Thy, I saw him driving a
Los Angeles, Cl\l.
Room 26
moving van today. "
"Well Y" interrogated the Grouch
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
' - Cincinnati Enquirer.
Assayer and Chemist
. I do not guaranteed satisfaction
I guarantee accuracy
Get readers for The Western ComSouth Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
rade. The magazine is fighting your
Phone A 2299 ·
Ali Work Done hi Duplicate
Phones: Sunset Main 840 o, Home 10711 battles in a manly manner. Do the right
.- thing. Boost the magazine. Subscribe
for The Western Comrade.
ED. WINFIELD
William Francis Seeman, registered
Halftone Photo Engraver and Zinc Etcher - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - patent attorney and mechanical engineer,
Color Engravings
No skinning. _9ne price to all.
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416~17-18
Record Building, 612 Wall St.
c. A. WILSON
Citizens' Bank Building; patents all
The Watchmaker and Jeweler at the countries; specializing intricate and difficult mechanical, chemical, electroUnion Labor Temple, 532 Maple Avenue, chemical and metallurgical cases. F 5743,
CENTRAL PARK DENTISTS
Los Angeles. Is a union watchmaker Main 9474.
ALL PRICES RIGHT
Henry M. Silverberg, D. D. S.
· · U. S. W. V. Roosevelt Camp No. 9~
Cor. Fifth and Hill Sts.
Insurance; all kinds. P. D. Noel, 921
I. 0. 0. F. No. 150 ~ouislana, K. of P.
Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles.
Los Angeles,· Gal.
No. 186 Louisiana.
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·VALUED AT
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Given Absolutely Free to ·Adveri~se Our School
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THIS OFFER IS UltiiTED, SO WRITE TODA ¥- Qlllt:Kl DON'T BELA ¥1
Get this most liberal offer before it is too late. · Y.his Free Sch.olarslaip brings you
~urpriaingly low. We are ~aking this
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a Scholarship, :Valued at $100.00, abaolutely FREE. Do not fail to get the facts at once. Send the free coupon at
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·
a thorough legal training for almo•t nothing-tuition
COSTS NOTHING TO INIIESTIQATEl
Don't be backward. To write your name and address on the coupon below will
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Nobody will call on you or bother you in any way. We will send you full
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�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-06
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-06
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n02_191406
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v02n02
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30 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9c6228eb35acf13f1e9dc15b5caede0f.pdf
e02747bfe803cddd7ae61af0cbc23848
PDF Text
Text
May, 1914
Ten Cents
. An Eight-Hour
Law!
•
Read Great Article
By Thomas W. Williams
'\
�The W e s .t ern C om r a d e
2
We want Socialists to buy our Union-made products.
Union conditions in industries means shorter hours,
-andahort"er houri~ mean MORE SOCIALISTS.
MEN
CALIFORNIA
Men's best quality cotton sox in black, tan or black
with white feet, postpaid, 6 pair.................. ..................$1
Men's finest quality lisle thread sox in black, tan, ox
blood, steel gray or pure white, postpaid, 6 pair $1.50
Ladles' finest quality cotton stockings, black, tan or
black with white feet, postpaid, 6 pair..........................$1
Ladles' extra heavy cotton stockings, 5 pair..................$1
Children's stockings, postpaid, 6 pair................................$1
Bell brand collars, postpaid, 1 dozen ..............................$1.50
Men's working shirts, blue cha-mbray, heavy drill
khaki, black sateen, each ...........................................,....50c
Men's fancy negligee shirts, latest styles, each ... :..........$1
Neckties, knitted, 50c values, each ................................... 25c
Garters, for men, women and children, per pair......: ... 25c
Write for catalogue of many other articles.
The company offers $25 in cash t;;- the Socialist
Branch or Local w hose members have purchased the
largest number of Bell Brand Collars-these are the
only collars made under union conditions.
The stockholders of this company are all members
of the working class.
·
HERE IS YOUR OPPORTUNITY
To prepare for Positions in the Railway Mail
Service and Postoffice Department.
Better salaries for Railway Mail Clerks and
Postoffice Carriers, Clerks.
Big increase m working force caused by
Parcels Post.
'
Mutual Union Trading Co.
See MISS WILSON
602 Citizens' National Bank Bldg., Los Angeles
Res. phone:
Office phones:
25951
A-1973; Bdwy. 1775
Postal Telegraph Building, 9 Board of Trade Court,
Chicago, Illinois
You will confer a favo r by saying you saw our adv.
in the Western Comrade when ordering goods.
'fhe best in qua li ty FOR THE LEAST IN PRICE. That is th e I!lotto that prevails at the clothing
cond ueted hy W. Hunter & Co.
When you take $15 to Hunter's beautiful store, you will get a suit of clothes that will give you
good service.
stor(~
SUITS
$15
for Men
"Hurry to Hunter's" and see what you can get for only $15. Rem ember, you will get a suit that
will have effici ent wo1·kmanship- th e kind that gives snap and go to a suit of clothes. At Hunter's,
you get sty les that arc absolutely authentic, with thr r esult that your appearance will be dignified and
business like. For only $];), you will get the best and most skillful products of the best and highest
paid cutters and tailors in the country.
YOU GET YOUR MONEY BACK AT ANY TIME IF YOU ARE NOT SATISFIED.
~~wEAR
THE BEAR HAT''
It 's the best hat in th e market; you couldn't find a neater hat anywhrre.
have b een looking for. Ask for it at Hunter's.
Th e Bea.r Hat is the hat you
W. Hunter & Co.
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540 So. Sprinsz Street, Los Anszeles
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�T be We s te rn Com r a d e
3·
THE HEW YO'R'l
PUBLIC LIBRA.RY
/t c_t•• . • 0
6 'tO
I ,a
A&TOII1 ~lltOX "'NO
TILDIN I'OUNOATION&
\
R
19 ' 5
L
Laboring
PeopleRead This
Letter!
This Strong Letter Endorses the Saving Certificates Issued by this Bank
$100 Saving Certificates are sold on the easy payment
plan of $2 a week for fifty weeks, and th e
Bank Makes the First Payment for You
Thousands of.these Saving Certificates have been sold the
past two months-thousands· of people have appreciated
the fa ct that not only are these Certificates a wise investment, but an easy, sure way to save $100.
LABOR MEN-Investigate this plan. Call or ·~rite for
information.
Calif'ot~nia
Savin§sBank
Spring and Fourth Sts.
· "A Tow er of Str ength'J
�The Western Comrade
4
INTO THE LIBRARIES WE G_O!
I _:.;
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the April issue of The W estern Comrade we
with a contn utwn t at pays
en
asked for contributions to a Library Fund. Anx-
libraries, as follows:
Philadelphia, Pa.; Dallas, Texas; Schenectady, N.
Y.; D es ::\{oines, Iowa; Little Rock, Ark.; Bisbee, Ariz.;
rooms of 500 libraries, we told our subscribers to de- Eureka, Cal.; Dubuque, Iowa; Galveston, Texas, and
eide whether or not this is a goal worth atta,ining./ Butte, Mont.
.Judging from the immediate response, we conclude
Sydney Hillyard, of Paso Robles, pays for the pubthat the comra<l es arc anxious to carry this important lie library at San Francisco, Cal. A. R. Holston, of
work to su f·cf'ss.
Los Angeles, helps in the good work by subscribing for
ious to place The V•l estern Comrade in the reading
,
That thr• liln·arinns 1n·l<·ome The \\'estern Comrade
Crookston, l\tinn.
A. N. Lul<cr·, Ranta Barbara, Cal., writes : "I lik e
is ,.nro1·<· rr by tlr ~ fad that t hr·y ar<~ 1niting letters ex- you r idea of .sending The ·western Comrade to the
pf'(·ssin~ t h r ir appr r·r· iation of the "·ot·k being done.
puhlic librarirs." Th e library in his city wll get Th e
T! H~ followitr!.!. s igtJ <·<l h~· :\I. Louise -Hunt, J\ssistant Western Com r·ade for an enti re y ear.
Lilmq·ian nf thr· ]',rldi t· Lil1r;JJ'.Y of Portiand , Or·cgon ,
1\frs. 1\iary E. Garbutt, Los Ang·c lcs, Cal. , enabl es
g i 1·r·s un• · an id• ·a !J 011· Thl' Wr·stt·r·n Comrade is wcl- th e library at Turlock, Cal., to place Th e vVest ern
Comrade in its reading room.
I
eom <~ rl :
Mrs. E. Hild ebrand, 2318 East Sixth street, Los
"Th<· .\pril nlJJJJIJt·r of Th e \\' .. st<!rJJ Comrad e has Angeles, 'Suppli es the wh erewithal to place th e N ew
hr·r·JJ rr·(·l'ivf'd . \\' <·shall 1)(! ,.<'l'Y glad, ind eed, to k eep
York Library on the mailing list, while J. Sherman,
this llla g a:' ilr• · 011 fjJ,. in OlJl' pr·riodit al room, antl are 224 Santa ~foni ca bouleYard, Santa 1\ionica, CaL, gives
gnJtdnl to Y1111 fr,r .'·o11r •·otJrt<'sy. ".
The \\'r•st<•t·n Com r·ad e to his hom e town !ibrary.
Thi s ln ••:JJis 111:~1 for :ill (•JdirP _y(•a r· The W estern Capay, Yolo Cou nty, Cali fornia, will get The ·western
CoJnl·adr! ll'ill do JIJissiuJI:Ir.'' 11·ol'1\ for Sof:ialislll in a
Comrade because C. F. H ask ell, Comcll , Cal., conpuhli r· lil11·ary tl1at is I'J·•·•!il' 'lilt ·d 11y t!Jousnnds ol' p<'r- tributed.
~ons. l s this not a 1rorl; th;d is truly 11·ort!J 11·hil<•?
~all Di ego 's Librn1·y will he Yisite<l regularly by
J>r . . f. E. l'otl• •ng•·r. of :\fonrovia, Ca lifornia, re- 'fhc \YPstt·rn Commdc h ec:aust' Hoy h T cn·cll, 830
spo111l•· d to o11r <·a ll fo r •·ontril11Jtions Lo IIi•· Lihrar.v Tll·<'ll'th strt·et, ~an Diego, sent a dollar. The Paso
Fund 1rit!J a I'!J<•<·k for+~~~. Thro11gh his kindness Th e
Rohlr•s Lihrai·.v will <·ntrrtain an agitator for· twelve
\Y<·stt·r·n ( 'ontradr> has ht •t•JJ a<·<·rpted, for an Pntirc months fo r the simple rr!ason that Fred C. \\' h eeler
,V <'HI', iu tl1 e pult!i r: lil11·ari<·s ol' tli•· following cit·it·s:
and Esth<'r Yamr·ll footed the bill.
~ ··:Jill<·, \\' :~s!J. ; l'ortland , Or<•. ; Boston, ;\la~ . ; PasE. 1\. Fustcl·, of Los Ang-eles, ('Ont 1·ihutcd $3, whi ch
ad<·na , (';II.; C lii1·ago , JJI.·: llakPrsfield , Cal.; Ex eter, is I' JJOUgh to pay for sending Th r \\' estern Comrade
Cal.: ~;Ill' BPl'nnrdinn, ( 'al.; ~ioux City, loll'a; Kansas to the ( 'ongTt>ssional Lih rar·y, \Vas!Jin g ton, D. C., and .
City, :\To. ; Ta<·oma, \\'a.~h . : ~an l'edro, t 'al.; Bf'aumont, th r f•ity lih r ari• ·s at St. Paul , 1\Tinn., and St. Louis, l\'Io.
Cal.: ~poknn(•, Wash.: :\lilwankt·t·. \\'is. ; llol lywood ,
.A total of 47 public lihrariPs is on t he mailing list
Ca l.: B(•rkt-lt·y, <'a!.: \Ionrovia. ( ';J!.; Fri•sno, Ca l. ; of Th P \\'(•stPJ'l~ Comra.Jc. l \Ve ash cd for GOO. Will
:'lfod rsto, Ca l. ; ~al<·nt. Oi·<•.: PhoPnix , Ariz. ; D cnl' cr,
YOl' !J Plp us to11·ard our· goal 9 \\' ill you h elp swell
Col. ; VPutura, <'al .. nnd Onkland. Cal.
the lihl'HJ'Y fund " Send a dollar to The \Vestern
D t·. John n. Hayn rs, of Los Allf.!l'll's, I'Ollli'S fot'\\'HI'd
('omradr, box l :~s. Los Angeles, Cal. Do it today!
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Socialist Progress in Europe
A
'l' the last el ection in l!aly th e Socialists polled
822,280 Yotcs, or 20 per· cent of a total of
4,380,000 votes.
Thirty-eight rcprcsentatiYc& to parliament w ct·e
elected by th e Socialists in Bul ga r·ia.
Formerly th ry
By JOHN KELLER
SAN FRA:'\CISCO, CAL.
in the lower and 13 in the upper house of parliament.
The m embership· of th e party has increased to 60,000.
Out of a total of 725,171 Yates, the Socialists in
Finland, at th e last election, polled .'310,000 votes. They
t>lccted 90 m embers to parliament, 12 of them being
11.omen.
hnd but one d elegate to the national body.
Throughout Europe " ·omen 's participation in the
The Socialist party m embership in Switzerland ·1ast movement is incr easing wonderfully. T e n thousand
_ _..x_e;;.;;a.:-::;r~
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crm an Socia I ist Party last year,
In Sweden, the Socialist.l now have 64 delegates according to th e annual r eport.
�The Western Comrade
5
THOMAS \L vVILLIA\1S
Secretary of th e Socialist Party of California
.
·~----------------<O'='-Msc:-npo"'""'
- ·"erfrfnut'-1..-rtart1cle
on p:rge--11!,- --1- - -
�The Western Comrade
6
PECULIAR WAYS
HE Yotcrs- most of them workers-have strange
•
ways. Indeed, they arc much like the "Heathen
Chinee. '' Exasperated over th e arrogance of Republican politicians-what does he do ? Turns to
Democratic or Progressive henchmen of the Capitalist class. The Democratic or Progressive·" official
clubs and oppresses him as r eadily as the Republican.
And so, the game goes merrily on! You a.s1r what
that has to do with th e Chinaman 1 - Let me tell you.
\Yh en th e Mongolian suffers a great wrong at the
hands of an enemy, he avenges himself by seating
himself on his enemy's doorstep and disemboweling
himself !-E. J.
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A BOLD STROKE COMING
E ha 1·c grown accustomed to eJ{posures of the
(·urTuption of the capitalist press. We are
familiar with th e pictures of the gr eat gray bl anket
of advertisements that cover and smother the truth
in the capitalist daily and p e riodi~al press. But we
have not y et faced th e situation that exists within
our own ranks. Many of th e most pow ct'ful Socialist
publications are fillin g their columns with disgraceful , if not actually fraudulent, advertisements. If
you think that a clean and noble cause demands a
clean and f ree press, r ead the n ext issue of The
Western Comrade. In that issue will be found an
article by Chester M. Wright, dealing with this important subj ect. It may surprise you; it may leave
you with a feeling of shame ; but it will also leave
you with a d et ermination to do your part in a necessary house cleaning. -E . J.
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UNIONIZING BANK EMPLOYES
ARlSIAN bank employes are making strenuous
demands for a weekly day of r est , Saturday
afternoon off, increased wages, payment for OYertime and a shorter workday. More than 21.000 of
the Parisian bank employes are enrolled in th e union,
and, judging from their enthusiasm, will strike if
th eir demands are not granted. Thjs helps pro1·c that
because one works (or, rath er, slaves ) in a bank, a
p erson does not cease to be a member of the worl\ing
class. HoweYer, American bank clerks still appear
P
to be under the impression that they are potential
capitalists, destined, in the very near future, to occupy the seats of the money, lords. Poor souls! Let 's
hope they will wake up soon !- E. J.
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OUR REJECTED FEAST
F a criticism which has nothing to do with Socialism may be permitted, why are so many who
live in tlie very midst of climatic luxury so averse to
a complete enjoyment bf that luxury 1 Thousands of
Californians shut fresh air out of th eir homes as
though it contained the germs of a plagu e. Why is
this~ \Vhy deny to our lungs that which they crave?
In California closed windows at night. should be
unheard of. 'That should be true of every climate,
hut especially true of California. Here it entails not
even inconvenience.
There are two things to be had from open aira state of mind and a state of health. Perhaps these
are not two things at all, but let us call th em so.
And that state of mind and health that ·comes from
constant life and sleep in the open air is, in the
absence of contrary overwhelming influences, inspiring, bouyant, conducive to self-reliance and wholly to
he desired. Knock the walls out of your sleeping
ctuarters if you can. If you can 't do that, at least
open the windows wide. Clear brains and clear eyes
ar e assets to any cause.-C. M:. \V.
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OUR LIBRARY FUND
ERE is what C. E. ~'[cLe n egan, librarian of
the Milwaukte Public Library, writes : In
r eply to your letter saying that you have sent us
Th e W estern Comrade, I beg to say that w e shall
be happy to place it in our r eading room, as you
request.
This is but one of the many letters we have received frorri librarians, showing conclusively that it
is very easy to get a Socialist magazine like The
West ern Comrade into public libraries.
Read ers who d esire to help in this good work
should contribute to the Library Fund. Ther e are
200 libraries in California that are open to The
\\~estern Comrade. \Y hy shouldn 't we use them ?
- E. J.
H
�The Western Comrade
7
IT HAPPENED IN !TALY
those vested with political authority. Even hired
HROUGH reliable sources, the . report reaches thugs and private detectives operate, if not under
here that in Italy the feminists have allied political authority, at least by sufferance of those
themselves with the Socialist Party, because", as the who have political power.
report puts it, "of the recognition of the fact that
If the governors of Colorado and Michigan had
t'he Socialists (of Italy ) are carrying on a more ef- been Sacialists-which means representatives of the
.fective fight for women suffrage than the feminists working class-there would not have been the disare able to conduct by themselves."
graceful, criminal butchery that has disgraced those
Th e Italian suffragists helped, in no mean degree, · two states. Can you imagine Comrade John Brown,
to send 80 Socialists deputies to parliament, where governor of Colorado, sending state troops to Trinithey are pledged to fight for the extended franchise. dad to shoot down striking union men 1 Or putting
This co-operation win bring great results to both Mother Jones in jail?-C. l\1. W .
the feminists and th e Socialists, for while the feminists have a nobl e cause. th ey lack organization. The
AT TOP SPEED
Socialists, whateYC r their · shortcomings on the
HE speeding up cr aze has· left scarcely a phase of
woman question, appreciate the value of organizalife untouched. A typewriter company has this
tion.
line in one of its big national advertisements:
In Italy the Socialists do not say: "You women
"It speeds up the human workers, improves their
are all rig-ht, but wait until we get Socialism and output and ·cuts the cost."
then you will get what you want." -Women who
Qh, for a rest from this driving age! But no,
want economic independence, the right to enter all there is no rest; there can be none now-the machine
professions and trades, equal pay for equal work, "speeds up the human workers" and we have to
political rights and participation in the enactment of k eep up with the machine. A race owned and driven
laws, do not want to be told that all will be made by levers and wheels and pulleys and belts, all runperfect by the men when the men arc free; the.~ .;re ning like mad! Inspiring, isn't it 1-C. M. W.
firm in their demand for th e right to break their
chains here and now.-E. J.
FRENCH SYNDICALISTS
OHN A. DYCHE, editor of Th e Ladies Garment
HYPOCRITES
Worker, t ells of a visit to the office of La BaEN TILLETT, the English labor leader, recently taille Syndicaliste, t he organ of French revolutionary
said: " The Church makes an awful fuss be- syndicalism. After studying the situation, he says
cause a French comedienne powders her legs on the that "the syndicalists proper, or the revolutionary
stage, but n ever says anything about the thousands unions, in France have no p ermanent organization.
of women in Dublin who haven't enough money even They are represented• by a group of able and some
to dress 'their legs." This applies in New York, Chi- of them very honest and otherwise, journalists and
u tgo and Los Angeles, as weli as Dublin . Pulpitecrs orators, who in time of trouble and controversies, ·or
will rave against split skirts, hut say nothing when strikes, will jump in and create a movement which
faced " ·ith th e real problems of modern life.-E. J. may continue for a while until it subsid es. Their
n ewspapers are r ead because of the ability and brilPOLITICAL POWER
liancy of the contributors, more than for any other
IIE Yalue of political power has been nowhere r eason. Mr. Monnet is the abl est of them all, who
more forcibly demonstrated t han in the great can always command an audience.
1
"These gentlemen here will talk to you a good
Colorado and Michigan strike fi elds during th e few
months just passed. Th e great force that ttas dea l on Labor and Labor Problems," Dych e quotes
beaten upon these great armies of strikers has been a f r·iend, "but they know no more abou t the labor
question than the man in the moon, and, I believe, _
an armed force directed by politica1 power.
Police and soldi ers operate under direction of they do not care to know. 'l'hey have never been
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The Western · Comrade
inside of a shop, and, in fact, are not interested in
th e labor problem in its r eal form. They are a set
of brillia nt dilett anti , who h~ve a th eoretical and an
emotional inter est in any r evolutionary movement,
which th ey are pleased to call the Labor Movement. "
dom t hese days. All very well, but ther e's a lot of
Russianization in progress in the Postoffice Departm ent. l\fr .Reedy then delivers himself of this wallop: And it is carried on by men 'vhose minds, to
judge by the things they condemn, must be scream. ing vortices of lutescent lubricity! Surely the postoffice cannot survive this solar plexus. "Scr eaming
PINCHON ENTHUSES LABOR
liE Los 1\n geles Central Labor Council r ecently vor.tices of lutescent lubricity. " I don 't know what
ga Ye its pl atfo rm t o Edgcumb P.inchon,a \Vest- it means, but it's an awful harsh thing to say.-E. J.
ern Comrade contributor. He briefly explained the
prin f·ipl cs of organic co-operation, t elling how organJOHANSSEN'S LAUGH
ized lahoP, hy usin g its f unds in a tJonstructive manEARING J.1abor Party colors, spQrting a r ed
n(' t·, could , in ti me, br·in g about an industrial d emocfl ag, usin g the word " scab" and "blackleg"
r ar-y .
are punisha bl e offenses in Rout h Africa, according t o
1'in c· hou sh o\\"l'tl-t hat Ia hor- has permitt ed the cap- th e Int erna tion al News Letter. A man got twb
iat li st c·lass to usf' its own fnnd s t o break strikes, con- p ounds or fourteen days for lookin g ' ' sneeringly'' at
t inu<· lo1·lwut s an d iu eYery conce iYahle mann er k eep a p o li ~ man! Th er e is no limit t o the audacity of t he
t !11· pmdtH:•·r!:i in a posit ion of industrial sla very.
la bor-hating forces. They go to any extr·eme t o" get "
Til t· d 1· l q~a f r>s "" " '''~ neYer mor e Pnthusiastic. the workers who dare questions th e authority of th e
Til 1·.v applmHI1·d lihf' rall.v as Pi-n chon di·o,·e home his exploiters of th e producers.
fa1·1 s aud r·o n1·ltrsions. Lots of thin gs have begun in
Some w eeks a go Anton J ohanssen , of t he . Cali( 'a li fo l'lli:t . Tt looks as thou g h organic c·o-op eration fornia Building Trades, t old us how, on one occasion,
will lltatt·rinliz1· ri gltt hPrP in th r Cold en State.h r upsr t t he di gnity of an entire capit alist court. H e
E. ,J.
clid n 't know how to express his contempt f fr the cap-·
italistic henchm en, except by giYing vent to a loud,
POSTOFFICE TYRANNY
lon g laugh . Anyone who knows Johanssen kiJows
liE £'. ~- l'ost offil·r Departnw nt has heen gradu- \Yhat that ' means, for that amiabl e labor official has
nlly takin g to it self po\\·crs t hat will eYcntually th e loud est , ha ir-ra ising lau gh one could hope t o hear
lwcomr a sPriou s mPnac·c t o fr eedom of expression. in a century . His "haw-haw " is a wonder , aweTh e :t\ew York postmastPt' didn't ca re fo r tu e cover inspirin g, volcanic.
on Th e Int ernational- " beauty unaclol'll ed ' ' was ofAnd wh en the jurymen, the prosecutors and
f ensiv e to this p a ra gou of ,·ir·tue, so lt c ord t·I·ed th e oth er·s heard that thunderstorm, th ey soon r eached
magazin e thrown out of th e mails. Th e editor· th en th e conclusion that Brother ,Johanssen is a criminal.
desir·ed to blot out t he lady and add this on the ma ga- For a half hour th ey examined volum es of law; th ey
zine cover: "Censored by thr PostofTi c: l',., hut th e searched and searched, but finally th ey had to conpostmaster said he >vould not permit this.
fess that th er e is no law against a man being happy!
To quot e George Sylvester Viereck, \\·e have in- - E. J.
trodut:ed a new crime into th e statute books - the
lese maj este of th e Postoffice Department. Only after
U. S.-RAILROAD BUILDER!
the covers had been torn off would th e postoffice
EFORE long th ere will be a governmentallybureauc:rats permit th e magazin e to go t hrongh. This
owned railroad in Alaska . Built by the people, it
leads Mr. L eonard D . Abbott to say: I object, in th e will be operated by the p eople. And wh en the p eostrongest possible fashion , to being told hy postoffice pl e capture the goYernmen.t from th e powers of capoffi cials what I shall or shall not lik e in the matter of ital, th e railroads will be operated for the p eople. If
pictorial art.
it is right and pract icable for the government to
William Marion Reedy,_jn th e l\Iirror (St. Louis ), huild and operat e ~ r ailroad in Alaska, then Uncle
puts it t his way: Vve hear a lot about th e New Free- Sam should take over the Southern Pacific, th e Santa
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The We s te r n -' Com r ade
Fe, the Great Northwestern, the P ennsylvania and in times of political stress. The London Times comthe New York Central railroads.
plains that "far too many honors are unquestionJt won 't he more than five years before the p eople ably the outcom e of a:n indefensible cash transacwill gt·ow tit·ed of having a handful of capitalists
tion. • • • ' ' Of course, this peeves those who
owning th e railroads. Th ey will fo r ce the government to step in and become the owner of the r ail- h~Ye not thus gained their titles, because it tends
roads. Wheu t he working people, through their gov- to lower--if that is possible-the worth of titles. If
t•rumrnt, hc·('om e t he owners of the means of wealth everybody can have one, what's the use? This will
p1·odw·t ion aml distribution, and when those utilities be sad n ews to our American heiresses, but .since
al'(' opt· l·ated h? and fot· the people in a sane, civilized, most of us are not heiresses the ripple that excites
d t>I II Ol'l'at ie mann er, for usc instead of profit-then, AtlaiJltic City and Palm Beach probably will not get
wh~·. to ht• surr, wP shall ha n Socialism!
very fa r inland. Perhaps all this may be of slight
GO\'l' l'lllllPnt ownership isn't Socialism, but it isffintcrest to Marxians, but, even so, why shouldn't
a long stt·p to11·anl it. Jt is easit'l' to democt·atize we have our little look in on the doings of the
th e industrit·s al't cr the? have been taken over hy dukes now and again 1 'Why not, fo r sure? And
th•· go\·t· l'lllll t' ll t, cs]weia lly wh en we have th e bal- then, again, it may serve to remind us that the
lot to direr t tlw policies of our government. Heal- Am erira~ senate and the Chicago stock yards are
izing that ~oeialism " ·ill come as an evolut ionary not th e ouly rotten places in t he world, anyhow.
g ro11·th ratht>l' thnn h? a eataclysmic r cvolutiou, we -C. i\1. \V.
•·a 11 gain on r t•lld ht>ttPJ' h~· r nrOlH'agi ng governm ent
O\\'ll t'l'ship \\·it h a \'it' \\' 10\\·ar·d captu rin g t he govCHURCH AND LABOR
c~rn nJt• nt for ust• hy thL' work ers thcmseln·s.
This
NCE upon n time the maximus pontificus was
is c·xpt·dit·nt, if nothing l'lsc. Jlair splitters will
the master bridge builder. Today he is a pope.
lind 1nany ohjt•dions to this, hut the fad r emains Once upon a tim e the d eacon. ·was a waiter at the
that t·ollJIIIO!l st·nsP will gd us more than a stubborn t·ommunal tahl e of the labor union. Today h e is as
tlt' 11'l'lllinati on to take unto ourseln·s a shatt ered likely to be th e head of a trust. Once upon a time
l'l'illlitllli.- E. J.
the disciples of Ch r·ist were labor union members.
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0
... ... ...
THE CZAR 'S TOOL
. \~AD ,\ , at thi !> tim e. seems anxious to t ruelde
to th<· Czar. ln ord<·r to pass t he Canao ian Imm igra 1i'on Aut hori t it•s it is n ecessa ry fot· Russian
Emig1·nnts to he p 1·ovid ed with a p assport from th e
Hussinu Go\'ernment. Ima gin e a politi ea l r efu gee,
after a 'd nn gP I'OUS fight fo r liberty and justice, r eturnin g to th e Czar arid asking that gentl e, Christian phil anthropist for a passport.- E. J.
C
... ... ...
DUKES A DOLLAR A THROW
l "CII of the glamor that hove l'S oH·r t it led
heads is disappearin g in th e midst of unsavory r e\' elations being made by British newspapers
a ud by Br·itish peers as well. lt seems that Tammany Hall methods have crept across th e waters
and that titl es are h a n<l ed out to those who "come
across" in lihl'ral fashion tO' th e campaign funds
M
Today th ey may be the worst labor haters in the
land. And whi le Solomon's 'l'cmplc was built by
union labor we are not always so sure about what
sort of lahor builds all the temples today. Yes, the
world moves !-C. M. Vl.
... ... ...
'tvi!.L YOU BOOST?
11 E \\' E~TERN COMRADE is meeting with
enthusiastic welcom e wh erever it goes. Many
lf't te1·s come to this office, and most bear the information thnt Th e Wr stem Comr ade is" j ust t he thing"
th e com rades Have been waiting for . But t his
ma gaz in e must have something more substant ial t han
praise. Th e hest way to show your appreciation is
by goi ng to your friends and getting t hem to subsc ribe for Th e \\'estern Comrade. Will you make it
a point to get Th e \V rstern Comrade a few more readr rs? Rho"· this issu e to your friends-they will snbsr ribe.- E. J .
T
�10
The We st ern Comrade
NJ~ xt~An
Eight-Hour Law!
By TH O MAS W . WILLIAMS
~~!!!!!;l A LIFORNIA
INVITES THE ·woRLD! ' '
This state is looking forward to a
great exposition, in celebration of the
opening of the Panama Canal, and the
ush ering in of a n ew era in industry and
commerce for the Pacific Coast. \Ye are
about to play th e host at a gatheFing of
th e nations-a spectacular world ev~nt.
In a not her sense, also, California invite~ the world.
The ignorant, t he downtrodden, the unorganized, h elpless, unsusp ectin g poor of th e world, Californi~i n Yi tes!
Jt wi'Jl mean business, industries,- profits, po,Yer !
Jt will uu·an long hour-s, low wages, t enements, slums,
sickness, c-rim e ! California is waiting.
Alth ough still an agricultural state, California alr eady has its battlefi elds in th e labor war. Los An geles
" ·itn essed th e struggl e of th e machinists for· higher
wnges aml a shorter workday in 1910; also, th e brewery work er-s ' magnifi cent victory in th e same year.
Th e long conflict between the carmen and traction
companies of San Francisco, with its deeds of violence
and brutality by tools of the corporations, is not forgotten. Scarcely a y ear ago came th e electrical workers' str-ike ; and fresh in our memories js. the red field
at \Vheatland!
Labor 's struggle the world ov er, from th e early
days of th e wage system to th e present, has been
largely a struggle for shorter hours of work- shorter
hours t o conser ve health , shorter hours in the inter ests
of th e hom e, shorter hours to preserve the happiness
and well-being of society. England, Australia, ::\ ew
Zealand, Germany, France and the United States-all
hav e had t heir working class movements for a shorter
work dny, dating back to the latter part of th e eighteenth century, when the hours of labor were practically
unlimited.
In California Organized Labor has been making an
heroic fight fo r shorter hours, and the fact that skilled
labor in this state now enjoys an eight hour day is due
to this concerted action on the part of the workers.
Hence, it is not without anxiety, not without some
fear, that Labor in California awaits the arrival of that
army of strange workers who will come to us through
the Canal. These people a r e accustomed to a coarse
and meager diet, with hovels for dwellings, and hours
of work that hav e practically no 1imit.
This is the prime r eason for the -effort now being
made in California to insure the p ermanency of the
eight-hour day by legislative enactment. This bas 'hir eady been done for women in all but one or two occu----.,.,
pat ions.
Early in 1913, Assemblyman C. W. Kingsley, the
only Socialist in the legislature, introduced a bill providing for a universal eight-hour day. The Socialist
Party, through its organ, the California Social-Democrat, called upon the workers to petition the legislature to ·pass the Kingsl~y bill. The r esult was a petition three-fourths of a mile in length, and containing
some seventy-five thousand names. This was presented
by Kingsley in the assembly. The vote on the measure
was 30 for and 37 against.
In the meantime a bill was prepared within t he
S_pcialist Party for initiation by the people. P etitions
wr>re circulat ed, and by th e close of 1913 the requisite
number of names had been secured to place the measure on the ballot at the coming election.
I
H ere is the bill:
An act to amend the penal code by adding a new
section thereto, to be numbered 393%, limiting the
hours ·of labor of employes and providing a p.e nalty
for violation of the provisions of this act.
_
The people of the State of California do enact as
follows:
Hours of Labor
''Any employer who shall require or permit, or
who shall suffer or p ermit any overseer, superintendent, foreman, .or other agent of such employer, to r equire or permit any person in his employ to work more
than eight hours in one day, or more than forty-eight
hours in one week, except in case of extraordinary
emergency caused by :fire, flood, or danger to life or
property, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction thereof shall be :fined not less than $50 or
more than $500, or imprisoned in the county jail not
less than 10 noa more than 90 days, or both so fined
and imprisoned.''
Already t he fight is on! The Merchants and Manufacturers' Association and corporations of California
have combined in a vigorous campaign to defeat the
measure. The attacks on th e bill fall naturally into
two main arguments, one r epresenting the business and
the other farming inter ests of the state.
''Business in the state of California cannot be conducted profitably· in competition with the East on an
eight-hour basis. ' ' This is the statement of a banker
which appears on a poster now being distributed by
t he corporations. It is representative of commerce and
industry throughout the state. The history of the
eight-hour law in other states and abroad, however,
does not vindicate his statement.
In 1874-1880, legislation was enacted in the state
women an
0
�The Western Comrade
minors to ten hours per day, or sixty hours per week.
The manufacturers of Massachusetts then said they
were unable to compete with manufacturers in New
Y.ork -and-otlrer-states-with--employes working eleven
and a half hours per day. They succeeded in securing an investigation on this point by the State Bureau
of Statistics of Labor. Carroll D. Wrjght was then at
the head of that bureau. His report stated that
"Massachusetts with ten hours produces as much per
ml}n or per loom or per spindle, equal grades being
considered, as other states with eleven and more
hours. '' Bliss' Encyclopedia of Social Reform states:
ll
Undoubtedly employers of labor in this state hope to
do away with the eight-hour day in m·a ny industries
when the Panama Canal is opened and the labor market is flooded with the-immigrants from .Soathem
Europe. The eight-hour law would make it impossible
for them to manipulate the labor market in this fashion it is true, but the working class of California need
not look to. see Big Business "fold their tents like the
Arabs" and steal away to other states, leaving them
jobless.
From th.e farming districts comes a pronounced oppositic~m to the bill. ''The passage of the eight-hour
law will drive us out of business," wails a rancher.
'' In 1870, four years before the enactment of the ten'' Shall we have to sub-let to the J aps Y'' And a fruithour law, Massachusetts had 39.5 per cent of" all the ·
grower adds, ''There is no power possible to hold back
cotton spindles in the North Atlantic states; six years the maturing of fruit and vegetables from 5 p. m.
after the passage of that law Massachusetts' propor- Saturday until 8 a. m. Monday. How are we going to
tion was forty-fhe per cent. It is difficult to see what harvest if the eight-hour law is pas~ed?"
clearer proof could be demanded of the beneficial rePerhaps the cigar manufacturers of the country
suits of the Massachusetts short hour laws."
could tell them what they could do in such a conMather and P latt, of Balford, England, are among tingency. The Cigar Makers' Union has no overtime.
the largest manufacturers of machinery in Great When there ~s more work than can be done by the
Britain, employing 1200 men. A few years ago they regular number of men in forty-eight hours per week,
reduced their· wmking hours from fifty-three to forty- they are <;ompelled to hire more men. If it is necesPrght per \\" eek, with SO little diminutiOll in the OUtput sary that fruit be harvested every day in the Week,
of their factory t hat the British gowrnmcnt decided they will be compelled in the h eight of the season to
to mal' e a lik e redu ction in the royal arsenals.
hire more men, and to arrange shifts so that each man
H enry Ford, who r ecently r ed uced the hours in his may have one day off each week. And if the fruit
immense automobile factory from nine to eight, is gro\rer in the state of California cannot stand the adquoted: " Our men are doing as mu ch \\"Ork now in ditional financial burden imposed, let him r emember
l' ight hours as they did before in nine. In the motor that it is not because he is paying so much for labor,
assemlJliug d epartment the men \\"Cre turning OUt hut because the middlemen and the railroads are chargeighty-fivc motors an hour wh en tfrry " ·ere working a ing him extortionate prices for their services. The
nine-hour day; since we changed to eight hours, those farm laborer has borne the brunt of this gouge too
same meu, without any change in numbers or methods, long, in low pay and long hours.
haYe been assemblin g one hundr·cd and five motors an
As to selling out to the Japs, it is because the Japs
hour.''
are willing to work long hours that they are able to
Professor Clark, of Columbia University, sums up underbid the ranch owner as well as the farm laborer.
the question for th e employer of labor very truthfully 'l'he universal eight-hour law will aid both owner and
in these w,ords: "If you want a man to work for you laborer in this respect.
one day, and one day only, ·and secure t he greatest
The hospitals, too, have entered a protest on behalf
possible amount of work which he is capable of p er- of their profits. "It is impossible to regulate sickforming, you must make him work twenty-four hours. n ess," they assert. "Therefore it is impossible to reguIf you would have him work a week, it will be neces- late to the eight-hour basis." They offered the same
sary to reduce the time to twenty hours a day; if you objection to the extension of the eight-hour law for
want him to work for a month, a still further r educ- women to include nurses; but that extension of the law
tion to eighteen hours a day. For the year, fifteen \Vent into effect, and the hospitals KNOW that they
1 hours a day will do; for several y ears, t en hou r·s. But if
can r egulate to the eight-hour basis, to the-benefit of
you " ·ish to get the most out of a man for a working the patient as well as the nurse.
lifetime, you will have to r educe his hours of labor to
'l'here is one more argument against it, namely, it
eight each day."
,
includes domestic servants, and the household routine
Industry will not be paralyzed if the eight-hour law in many families will be disturbed if someone is not
is carri ed. Skilled labor in Califom ia has already been on duty all the time to minister to the family needs.
operating on an eight-hour basis for several years; • "Shall the household have their breakfast at 8 a. m. 1"
\\'Omen have been working but eight hours for three is the indignant qu ery, "and their dinner before 5
__...se;irs._And_ California's industries are s ill
Continu ed on a e 24
�12
The Western ·comrade
~----BRAINS!
Sl'CCESSFUT..1 young business man was
discussing, the other day, the kind of
brains which it took to be a successful
young lmsiness man.
Jt appeared from hi8 account to r equll·" a ver·y peculiar and very exalted
typt· of hr·ains, and many of them. All
JWrsons not natumlly en.dowed with
t hr·s•· ll'er•· of llll\\'Orthy intt;ll ectual timber 'and pert'tli<ill.v orwn to th e corHlemnation which must :fall upon
the li ft· and effo rt ~ of all whose ct'<lllial cel~s are not
of t h c ult m-gray.
:\ot only this, lntt it !'wcmed that those 11·ho possess
the t'•·ll, fil,n· , fissure and co nroluti on of the c:otnmer·<.: ial I> rain were omnisciently ordained to the judgment
Sl'<lt, for the reason that they arc able to do all of the
things 11·hit"i1 t:ommon l1umanity can do, "·hereas it
Sl'l'llls t lull t·OIIIIIIOII humanity can · in no \Yise do th e
thitrgs 1rhit·h thP eo nJtnt·r·eial brain can do-nor can
t• \'t• n undt·rst and how t hr·y are done!
Jt is refres hin g to turn from this s11·am;ong of the
finant·ial glt·•· t·ltdl to the hyways of r ea l life.
Jn a little old t:ountry st:hool a littl e old couutry
tt·ae!H'I' is lwndlin g a elass of beginn ers in reading. It
is astonishing to t!Oit•, as Wt' sit at th e ha<.:k an1l " ·atch
ht'r·, ho\1' many t1·i('ks th e lady has at her finger ends
looking t r>1ra nl th e furthp r·in g of this prodigious at:<.:om plishm ent. This littl e p erson has to teach written
lauguage to the hum an conseiousness, and at the same
tnotn ent s he has to wrestle with thirty chi ldt·en of other·
grades, t·ac: h oue of which is a separat e psychological
phenomeuou.
.
Could ou r· real estate brokers, our· traYeling sall'smcn, our bucket shop operators placed in the litt le
old teacher's chair do any better ?
H ere is a small farmer on an irr-i gated pat eh of
land. He must know how to farm, how to irrigat e, how
to market crops. Here is a nurehinist working with
g r·casy hand in a garage. He must know an old tmdc
and a new one and be picking up fresh knowl edge of
both every day. Such men as th ese must nse the
constructive side of t heir brains all day long, and yet
they are d espised by these l:n·others of th e market
who never use anyt hin g but th e competitive sidP.
And there is the difference! This husi'ness brain of
which we hear so much does not differ in its· qu~ity,
hut in its use. It is used to fight other men 's brains.
h~~~
By Sydney Hillyard
Paso
.RJlhl~.....__california
fight inert nature and make her respond. Which does
the greater work?
And now comes an . issue of the "Metropolitan"
with a most profoundly interesting article on co-operation in Denmark.
This little country has been changed from a condition of medieval beggarliness to one of widespread
aftlue.nce, an affluence which is reaching to every
peasant in the field. Denma rk is a barren rock with a
dense population, and yet abject pover·ty is unknown.
To what super-gray matter in what business brain does
Dcnmal'l;: owe this '? Who ,,·as he ?
Tm·ning to the article w e arc stmck to notice that
no man 's nam e appears at all!
\\'hat ? No great giant financial intellect behind
all this oommcrcial success ?
Apparently, no! No brain behind this transccndant
metamorphosis but the despised headpiece of the man
with the hoe! ·while in this "·hole article no man's
name is mention ed at all, yet this peasant union has
blott ed out half a dozen malignant trusts which were
organized and operated by the mercantile super-brain.
Dcnmar·l< might be called the only really succ.essful
nation in Europe ; it is rapidly becoming a co-operative
eommonwea l; but it has become ·wha·t it is, with the
opposition of, and in no case with the aid of, the shrewd
Thread needle Street and \Yall Street brain. It could
Yery d efi nit ely be asserted that there has n ever lived a
business man whose so-called genius could ever have
pt·oduced such a r esult in the face of such apparently
iusu per able harriers.
1\Jl that the shrewd brain does is to stuff money
into pur·se. lt ,tr·eates nothing. lt really wins nothing.
By a mysterious system t he laborer is despoiled of
most of his pr·oduct. This product goes to a few
tricksters who control the system.
The trickster·s fight or gamble with each other to
sec "·ho shall inherit the earth. The winning trickster
is your fr·iend with the ultra-gray brain cells. The
laboring class that produc ed the spoil is simply an
also-ran.
How much better, how much more intelligent, we
shall be when our business men rise to the status of
t he co-operatin g Danish peasant! . It isn't a question
of how can a S\\·el led head produce a swelled pocket,
but of how can ,,.c all forget the size of our heads in
the general scn·ice of the human race. The Danish
fie ld laborer is sho11-ing th e road; all that the modern
successful young business man has to do is to wall{
n~~~-tur-TI<~------------------------------------
�The We s t:e r n Com·r a de
'13
The New Factor in the Class Struggle_
-------·----
- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - By EDGCUMB PINCHON
Organic Co-operation
P-l~\
=~djb
~~!l~ liE conclud;ng "'"''""of t~c la.t a•6cle,
T
' •
"There is but one system by which
La hor· ·s funds can be conserved to
Labor 's use and ultimate Pmam:ipation
-
_. .
_
pe rf ~ctde dC to _ th1_c h~ndlf~~
1- ,aa1)OJ'sy1stPrCl~
1y entra 1 1ze
aprta 1sm Itse ,
is the lH·ynot e of th e present c h::tpter.
In a lat,•r ehapter I propose to show that
nil !'X ls(Jng- eo-opt·rati\'t' "'sc·hetn l·s·· arc' the sheerest
ptwrilit it·s fr·om t ht• pnint of ,-ic-"· of moder·n effecti,·e
l>usinc·ss o r t:anization- m<• r•· toys hesid P the splendid
IIHThallisllt of tht· Capitalist s~· sH•m itsPif, and that
i lH·s( · · · sc·ht•lltf•s ··an· not o11l.v n ot h!'lp fu l to the highest
intt •r<·sts of 1 ht• \\"Orking- t·lass. hut are positively detritl l!'ntnl to its :Hh·ant·c-; that tht·y an· not only n ot
r•·,· ollttiollnt · ~· . hut an· i11sidionsly T"l' aetionar·~· .. and
11tt•· rly without promise for th e futun·.
Fort ht· pn·s<·nt ] propost• to sho\\· that, ·\\-hl•ther we
likt· it ot· not, th e splPJHiid llll'<·hanislll of Cap italism
itst·lf is 1101. o11ly t he most d'fit·ipn t ".,. l'On ld possibly
''"n•·t·in• <ts a nwans of s!11·ializi11g pro<lnetion and
distrilnttion, hut is the nllly onf• that\\"<' possibly can
IISI'. and that th is nH' t·hanislll no\\· used for private
··nds ""'.v 111·, ami in e,·itahly lllltst hi'. <·olll'!'tively used
for Lal1or's <' tHis \\' ith th P most astonishing and r<•volutioll:ll·.v r<·sul t , !'lllminating. in fad . in th e estahlish""'"1 of' t Itt• ( 'o-opt'I'Ht iYl' ( 'onHno rl\\' t'alt h hy t iH· a lm ost
<ll tt <n nati t· ~H ·tion of' w orkin g f'lass produdi\'!' effort,
indt•JW ild Pnt of rd uca tion nnd theory.
This adaptation of thl' nw ~: hani sm of ( 'pntra lized
( 'itpita li sm to the coll ect ivr us<~ of th e organiz<'d workir:g c·lass ('Onstitut es what] h ave t e rm ed "Or·gan ic CoII JH' t'a t inn P as fundamPntal ly and unalt era bly opposed
tn th e Yarious "inor·gan ic" co~operati ve "sd1 emes"
itt presPnt ene urnht:ring worl<ing elass revolutionary
<'!fort.
This mPch anism of Cent r a li zed Capitalism consists
nf t h e Bank, th e Funding Company and the F undin g
('om pany 's S n hsidiary Co rpor ations.
1 ::-;pra kin g in grnera l term s, t h e Capitalist elass, by
mrans of th e Banks, SaYings Banks and Tmst Compani es eon eentra t es and conserY_cs to its ov.rn use the
<'fiSh capitnl of society. And it is worthy of em phasis
that th e larger p art of this cash capit?al of society is
t·omposeil of th e savin gs deposits and insur ance premium of th e "·orking class, to say nothing of · over
$60,000,000 of Union funds. Thus, t h e Capital ist class
has the monopoly not only of that fixed capital, which
IS
operating c:a.pital, which is Unused Wage . It i with
this latter monopoly that I propose to dealhere.
The group of international financiers u ually
r efe1·red to as the :Money Pow~r, who own and control
the Banks, al o own and control Funding ompanie
which operate on the funds -supplied by these Banks.
The function 'of these Funding Companies i to inaugurate, finance and develop a series of Subsidiary orporaticns in all branches of industl·y, and to 'c onserve
the profit. ·of th ese Subsidiary Corporations for the
found ing of y et new Subsidiary CorpOI'ations and thu
for th e fu rth er exploitation of Labor. Standard Oil,
for instan<'e, owns and cont1·ols ehains of Bn.nks financino- eha ins of Funding Conq~anics, which in turn own
aml ope r:: t e chains of Subsidiary Corporations, and
tlwse Suhsidia1·~ Corporations, whose profits acct·uc
to Standard Oil, are engaged under fict itious nam es in
" ' ·ery industry known to man. Imagine for a moment.
that for II Standard Oil " we have 11 Organized Labor "
employing its own organized members with its own
organized capital, and you have, in brief, the Organic
Co-operation of the future.
As a mechanism of collective production t his mechanism is pra ct ically perfed; as a w ea pon . of class
opp r·ession it is unp_a r a ll elcd in hist"ry. Om· quarrel
is not \Yit lt th e m ec hanism as such, but with its class
o"·m·t·sltip. Th e sa me m e~:hanism used to a socia l end
h~' th e organ izrd " ·ol'ldn g class would be no lon ger a
w ea pon of oppr·ession uuparall eled in history, but a
w eapon of wor·king class emancipation unparalleled in
history.
How r·ould s u eh a mechanism as the Bank, F undin g
Company and Subsidi.;:try Corporation b e used to a
soein l end hy th e organized working class? 'rh e answer
must he ohYious t o every t hinking m ind .
Capita l in lands, m ac;!hin cry and buildings, i. e.
fixed capi ta l, lies today totally in the hands of the
Capit a list class, but cash capital , i. c. operating capita l,
Iics to a Yast extent in t h e h ands of t h e working class
itself. T o quot e fro m t h e previous chapter on t his
point: " T oday, in Ger·mauy, t h e d eposits of the working elass, consider ed a lone, total , accordin g to the
official figures, no less than $225,000,000. If the figures
for th e United States were available, it is s~fe t o assert
that , in Yi ew of t he higher wage scal e of this country,
th e figurr r epresenting th e total amount of working
class d eposits in the savings banks would be even more
imprcssi Ye. In addition to these enormous deposit
funds of the workers in general, there' a r e, according
�The We s t e·r n Com r a de
'14
J
Berlin, over $60;000,000 r epresenting union funds on
deposit in the capitalist banks of the world. Again, in
Germany alone, the workin class holds an interest of
$550,000,000 in the government insurance reserve, and
an additional $4,500,000,000 in private insurance companies. And since the prosperity of the working class
in Germany is no greater than the prosperity of the
working class in England, France, Scandinavia and
Italy, and less than the prosperity of the working class
.in thf! United States, it is safe to assert that the working class of th ese countries, in depo~its, in union funds
and in insurance, owns literally t ens of billions of
dollars of operating capital. And even if we consider
the organized working class apart from the working
class as a whol e, it is self-evident that its financial
power is a tremendous reality.
Obviously, th er efore, t he first step to be taken by
Organized Labor in adapting the mechanism of Centralized Capitalism to its own use is the founding of a
Labor Bank • for 1.h c conservation of these vast funds.
Su ~ h a Bank will act in two ways. It will withdraw f rom the Capitalist banks a Yast operating capital , and to that extent begin, and continue, to drain
th e ,·cry life-blood of Capitalism at its source; it will
co ns<'n·e this vast operating capital to Labor 's own
busin ess of self-emancipation.
As far ha ck as September, 1912, I made the asser-
tion that the dominant fact in the world of Labor
within the next five years would be the Labor Bank
of America. And as I write this chapter (March, 1914) ·
t ere 1es e ore me t e report o t e recen conven 1on
of the Bricklayers' Masons' and Plasterers' International Union. That r eport, and I say it with profound conviction, is the most important document in
modern history. For in its pages it is recorded that,
by unanimous vote of the delegates to that convention,
a resolution was carried instructing the Executive
Board to proceed to the establishment of a. Labor Bank
Honor to .the B. M. & P. I. U. It has given the world
the Magna Charta of all future civilization!
. I now cheerfully relinquish the task of proving the
necessity of a Labor .Bank, and of prophesying its
ultimate appearance, and r est on the fact that such a
Bank is here, born in due season out of economic conditions ripe for its birth and nourishment.
Thus, again and with absolute confidence I assert:
The dominant fac t in the world of Labor within the
next three years will be the Labor Bank of America.
And by its inevitable operation, by its own efforts at
self-preservation as a business institution, it will bring
us into the bo.rders of the Co-operative Commonwealth
within . ten years.
In my n ext chapter I shall endeavor to prove this
seemingly bold assertion from a purely business standpoint, and independently of any social theory or ideal.
We Are Forcing Bette·r Laws
S
By PATSY O'BANG
OCIALl:::lTS ha\'e lon g maintain ed that the best
way to force the Capitalist la>v makers (llepublicans, Democrats and Progressives ) to pass
measu res faYorable to the workers is by organizing for
the purpose of demanding the complete surrender of
the Capitalist class. In oth er words, demand th e earth
- and the sun, moon and stars! ·
Th e Capitalists, r ealizing the great power of organized labor, will be willing, with but little argument,
to make concessions to the workers, granting laws
that will, in a great sense, protect the li \'l' S and limbs
of the workers.
See what the workers last year were powerful
en~ugh to wrest from the powers of organized greed:
Many states passed new or more stringent laws as
regards accidents on railways, in mines and in the
factories, as well as by lead poisonin-g, etc.
The mo.st important demands of the child labor
laws were for shorter hours, higher minimum age ·and
prohibition of night work.
Twenty-two states have enacted laws providing
m~Stl-t~n-:ffir--·the-w-e-rker-s:---Bttt-111-g-the--fast-thre
years in the states of Massachusetts and Michigan the
law is liberally extended to those falling victims to
occupational diseases.
Texas has now joined the 24 states which have
fix ed the working day .for their employes at eight
hours p er day. Th e factory maximum working time
has been fixed at ten hours per day in Oregon.
Immigration legislation has come to a deadlock, especially on the Pacific Coast wh ere, however, the openin g of the Panama Canal has brought this question
again to the fore. Whilst California, Oregon and
Wash ington united in their demands to the government
to exclude all Asiatics, California appointed a commission to deal with the legal and industrial protection
of all immigrants.
Three states established unemployment bureaus,
while five states \vent into the question of 'the irregularities existing in private bureaus.
Th e trial minimum wage law for women and childr.en in Massachusetts of 1912 has been copied by eight
states. The eight-hour day for women was introduced
:-A-rizom.t and-ecloraU: . -
*In a later chapter I shall show that this Bank will take
the form of a Trust Company as a matter of business expediency.
�T ll ·e Weste.rn Comrade
15
ONE YEAR OF WILSON
By C H E S TER M. WRIGHT
·~
~~@~~~!!!!!'I
I OT ;u the memo'y of the young" gen·
promise of the President himself and all of his assoeration has there been a president of the ciates, on the stump, that the reduction of the tariff
_
nation whose first year's record was of would lower the cost of living, will not be realized.
such general and deep-seated interest to Six months have elapsed sine!') the revision of the tariff,
so many people. Perhaps this is because but can anyone point to ,a single necessity in common
,
·
we, as a p eople, are just beginning to use: which is selling at a lower price today than it
•
. . :
formulate a real national thought along was six months ago~''
Every 'consumer in the land must answer in the
constructively radical lines. Whatever
negative.
Leslie's goes on to point out that, while the
the cause, it is a fact that there is today going ·on
price
of
one
or two articles of import has been' r educed
OYer the land a vigorous discussion r elative to the
to
the
·large
dealer,
in no case has the reduction in cost
work of President Wilson during his first year in
reached
the
-ultimate
consumer, all of which is an
the White House.
eloquent
tribute
to
the
solidarity of business and the
President Wilson has done a number of things that
failure·
of
tariff
tinkering
to benefit the common people
other presidents have not done. For having created
in
the
face
of
monopolistic
capitalism.
a portfolio of labor, naming William B. Wilson, longSo,
while
we
may
acknowledge
that the President
time trade unionist, as its chi ef, let us withhold no
and
his
Cbngress
did
the
only
thing
they could do
measure of credit, even though the concrete results
with
the
tariff,
as
Democrats,
what
they
have done
of this departure may not be apparent at th e moment.
was
merely
by
way
of
finding
something
to
busy ·their
The '"or·king class can have no criticism to offer as to
hands
with,
without
advancing
the
cause
of
the
common
th e President's policy of watchful waiting in the case
p
eople
to
any
degree.
As
an
accomplishment
for the
of l\fexico. \Ve cannot but wonder what Roosevelt
working
class,
we
may
set
tariff
revision
down
at
zero.
would haYe blundered into ere this, were he the White
As to the banking act and the currency juggling,
House occupant. However, as to the hope of the
President for a solution of the Mexican imbroglio in there has not been time to determine just what will
the oYert hrow of Huerta by some such personage as happen. But we may ·rest assured, in the conclusion,
C'<t rranza. the critics may be pardoned for suspicion. that if business. interests could gather, to themselves all
If President 'Wilson r eally understands the agrarian of the fruits of the Democratic tariff revision they will
hasis for the 1\Iexican situation he has succeeded admir- be no less sure in their harvest of whatever fruits
ably in l\ceping his understand ing from the public- banking and currency legislation may bear. For the
a nd no 011e who does not understand the basis of working class, nothing but more ciphers.
:\Texico's woes can ever know what the solution will
Nor is the working class to fare any better as the
be. But for the "hands off" policy so far pursued, result of the administration 's anti-trust program. The
labor may be hon estly thankful. If labor whe as well Wilson attitude toward big business is largely the
served in every case labor 's lot would be easier. That attitude of little business. It is in no sense the attitude
is not to mention th e doubt that labor ever entered of intelligent labor. The Wilson program contemplates
the elimination of interlocking directorates, we are
th e Presid ent 's mind in connection with Mexico.
Aside from Mexico there are the tariff, anti-trust told. It contemplates a return to something approxiand currency measures upon which public attention mating competition. And if those things mean anyhas been closely fastened. Chief of all the Wilson thing at all they mean going back into what we have
measures, labor is interested in these. First of all, the come out of. Just as we thou ght we were about to
tariff. For it the greatest promises were made; it was take a new step forward we find our national life
first through the legislative gantlet and first under commanded to retrace.
the palpitating presidential pen, an alliteration for
One of tlie President's principal measures for the
which pardon is humbly begged. If prices were found control of business is the bill to validate railroad
tumbling down as th e result of the tariff bill we should securities through the Interstate Commerce Commisundoubtedly find the reactionary press howling in sion, a piece of sheer bu nco legislation, intended to
great pain and predicting the downfall of our institu- bolster business and to foster the waning public confitions of business. But there is no such howling. In dence in the tlteory that railroads and water will mix.
Leslie's \Yeekly, one of the organs of back-tracking', The President's attitude toward the railroads bas been
we find this illuminating paragraph:
shown in a number of ways, and it is not an attitude
--·- ''The --pled~ 1e
emocratic party an
-t at 1s ca cu ate to satisfy those wild-visioned persons
: _·
N
,
.
�16
T h e W e s·t e r. n' ·. C ·o in r a d e
, who honestly expected something progressive from the President made no objection to a clause which
President Wilson. The railroads have before the Inter- aimed directly at the political refu ;~ees from other
state Commerce Commission a plea for a 5 per cent nations-refugees who should be w 'alcomed to our
·increase in freight rates. President Wilson is known shores as the stuff of which our greatness is made,
to favor this increase, and, according to Pearson's spirit of our spirit. America is no longer their asylum.
:\fagazine, was at one time on the point of summoning
The complete omission of the slightest reference to
the commisisoners before him that he might instruct labor in the President's last regular message aroused
th em t() hurry and give the roads what. they wanted. comment from all parts of the country. On the other
He was dissuaded, however, by certain senators who hand, we find the administration sending commercialsaw what such a move would do to the political fences agents to extend American trade abroad, these agents
in the hack-home districts.
\VOrking as a part of the Department of Commerce.
::\or· is that al l the dignified, scholarly President has · In fact, the entire concern of the President appears
trit·d to do for th e sta r\'ing, suffering railroads. He to be one in which busin ess strikes the dominant note
st·nt to t ht· ~enate the name of one Daniels fqr m em- -if not the only note. Labor is expected to derive its
I •r· rsh i p on t ha t r·ornm ission, with orders that it he ben efit from . the administration's manipul ation of the
rusht·d through to c:onfi1·mation. Jt was no( rushed business system-a ben efit that labor is finding very
through , ho\\'t·\·r·J·, owing to th e fact that Senators vagu.e and related not at all to the problem of wages,
( 'uiiJJII ins <~nd LaFollrttP disrovr·rrd that Daniels, as a hours of lahor and worl<:ing conditions.
111 t'lll hrr of' t h1· I\ t'\\' ,Jersey ( \Vilson 's own state )
There is excellent autho 1·ity for th e statement that
l'uldic: l 'ti liti•·s Cont1nission, had 1·endered a d ecision t h ere are today fift een millions of idle men in the
to thf' f'fft·d that a pul.Jli c utility corporation was nation. If that figure mak es the cu stomary omission
t•JJ!itlt •d to H p!•J' f'Pnt profit .on all its tangible property, of the"nurnber of idle wom en it but makes th e. total
a11d an additional 8 per cent on ::~n added 30 per cent larger. There is no r eason to believe that this number
to r·o\'t'l' intanKihl e valurs. Thus, are the newspaper is anythin g but larger than it was a year ago. We
st nri•·s of faith fu I ness to t h c pu hl ic trust rudely done ha\·e in American today no more vital problem than
to rlt·at h.
that of the un employed WOJ'l< ers. And yet the Chief
Ifowrv r r. thrre serms littl e doubt that regulation Executive of the nation-a man professing concern for
of' l•ig lnrsir11·ss lllllst r.. tt .. r· 11s for· some tim e yet. As labor and a desire to impro\'e general conditions-has
<1 n;tt ion \\ ... '' \·idt·ntl y will hr fm·<:f'd to dart into P\'P ry
giVen no utterance bearing on this situation, and taken
blind aJ J,.~, J,, .fon· \\'t' \\'ill t·onsr>nt to takr thP open road no action to alter it. That is the cipher that leads the
t !1a t lit·s din·..t ly lH·t'on· our ryf's. \\'p do not seem silent c:olu ~nn of nothing that labor ·has gained by the
to t·ar•· to do tiH• thing \rhit·h ohviousl,v \\'C shou lu do. l' lectiou of a Democratic President and a Democratic
Th ,. \\' ist·oJtsi n 1de a and tllf• Cal ifo rnia ( 'onumlnnn f'ongress. Jn ou r· national life we still deal with insti\rill ha\·,. to I"· infiidt•rl 11pon the nation before we tutions, leaving men to suffer as the prey of those
shall llit\'t• ha<l <·notJ).dJ. So th e PnsidPnt fintl.s ample inst itutions; leaving them to suffer· and to die. Our
applaus•• for hi s plans to sh'f'J' a 1na c: hin e that somf'- national aspiration is still expr essed by the letter "8"
body Pise owns and oecupi rs. lt ntust be notl·d that stmnounted hy two perpendicular and parallel lines.
nrmhf'I'e in th e \\'ilson anti-trust program is th \'re a
These enumerations do not eompletc the \Yilson
singll' ~wnt.·n<·P th at m<•naees thr O\\'nrrs of thr na tion's record for tl.Je year. Among the remaining matters
r<>sourc·<·s--it s IIIP:tn~ <?f produd ion and dist1·i hution. thrrc is the Alaska 1·ailroad hill , evidently good, proThe program is truly one of bourgeo is rrfonn - and \'iding for a government-built railroad in Alaska.
ns su<' h foredoomed to ahjrct failure. Still thl' worl<:- \Vhile this road may be leased, it is not expected that
ing elass is eoll ert in g ei ph ers wh t- re it "·as prom isetl it will he. Should the President, in whose discretion
full market bask ets and a" New Frrrdom."
it lies, decide for the leasing p lan, he wi ll have undone
There are somt~ other points that p1·otmdr in the hal f the good made possible by the bill as it stands.
Wilson record. A drastic stock rxrhange hill , o ne that Ther·e is the matter of extending more of Philippine
would have put the great New York stock exchangero ntrol to Filipinos: there is the controversy which has
purely a gamblin g iustitution- practirally out of husi- raged hot and. hra \'Y concerning the overthrow of the
ness, has failed utterly to gain the expected support civil s ervice in the foreign service, and there is the
of the .President. 'fhen, following p rev ious radical situation regarding Japan. Th er e is no need to review
utterances regarding corporate g reed, the Presidt•nt is those matters here. Nor is labor vitally concerned
found pleading for g1·eateJ· fairn ess t oward the rail- "·it h l\J r. Bryan rs chautauqua work. Better far that
1·oads and business, and th is actually done in his many more of our public officials had given more time
message to Con gress on tnists. That, more tha41 any to the lecture platform and less to t h e secret conclave
other utterance, convinced big business that it had with men bringing large checks books.
no
mi - -x
rntr~. -l'f.......,,...---
�is one of tbe largest blots on the Presidential record.
rt fortunate for those who are watching the Presidential record closely that the President was forced to
- talie 1iis slanaon the SUIIrage quest10n at a time when
he was about to make his pronouncement on the
Panama Canal tolls question. It was to a large delegation of trade union women that the President firmly
declined to take a stand for suffrage. The notable
th ing about that interview \vas the President s declarat.ion that since his party platform did not demand suffr·age, he could not make such a demand as the h ead
of his party. H e was explicit in placing the emphasis
<•n his adhcrf'ncc to his platform. Yet, how ruthless
was his assault on his party platform a few d·a ys later,
when hf' n·ad his eanal tolls message to Congress. His
party p latform r eads, "We fa\·o r the exemption from
tulls of "\m f'rir·an ships engaged in coastwise trade
passing through t he Panama Canal. " Th e President's
pm;itio11. whi('h he will "·ithout doubt fo rce through
< 'o ng ress, is r·xaet ly oposit t' to t he platform expression.
I fp dPma11tls tolls from Amerit:an ships exactly us
from fo rl'ig-u ships.
) lu r·h is being said , pro and eon, about this tolls
~ it ua t io11 . Th e pap<'rs that genf' r·a lly lin e up with the
l'n•s itl cnt tleelar·c tha t th e t rcaty witli England guarant ees t·qualit y for all mrtions in the matter of tolls,
and rn aintain that fr< 't' tolls woulJ belie our treaty
assuran ces and t·ol!stitut c a hn'ac h of fait h. Oth er
JJI• wsp:qwrs elaint that to lc,·y to ll on ~\m e ri ea n coastwise shipping is to ohey th e \\'ishes of th e rail road
int r r·<·st s, to \\'hit h frt• e tolls would he damaging.
Lu<·i cn Sa in t. Washingt o11 <·OtTcspontlen t of the Socialist Party Pr·t·ss Scn-it·t·, rs among those \\'hO take that
is
position. It is int eresting, at least. But to many the ~,
most interesting feature is the ease with which the
P:resdent flings away one platform plank and .the
set up ulo as cat e wi th which he plaees both fe.e t 8.'6lidl,
upon another with the declaration that he i olemnly
bound by it-the one being a plank about hu iness; the
other being a plank about humanity.
And tho e are the high spot of a year 's work,
summed up. Legislation n early always is either for
business or for humanity nowadays. Real, fundamental, ea:-nest, honest and rock-bottom legislation for
humanity is not overly con picuou in t his re ord of
one year· of Wil on. It is admitted that Wilson i a
good man, and that open corruption is r epugnant to
him. It is admitted that he is what we know today as
a r eformer. And, like all other r eformers, he is proving
by his actions -that r eform does not actually touch the
welfare of humanity at any vital point. It may concern
the middle class- the small business class- to a certain
extent , for r eform is a child of the middle class. But
in every essential aspect r eform leaves the capitalist
system exaCtly as it found it-an exploiting m.achino
for the aggrandizement of those at the top.
So it· comes that we of the worldng class have gone
through a whol e year of the administration of the
nation's leading r eformer without having had a single,
solitary thing happen to us-or for us. Business is
r eassured, Rock efeller still hns enough money to keep
a hired man, the food poisoners are still at work, and
the young l\Ir. Morgan is still able to ke~p his electric
runabout. As for Bill Smith-well, he'd better stick
tight to his union ana vote like hell for Socialism next
time!
GERMANY'S "CHURCH STRIKE"
.
By EUNICE EVELYN BRIGHT
0
t;n hraYe Qpr·tnan eomrau Ps a r·e carrying on a
vigor·ous fi ght agai nst the alliance between the
church and state in Germany. The latest battl e cri es in Ger·many are ":\lassenst reik," "Masscnhoycott " and "Massenaustritt," and th e meaning of
these cries is that labor t erminology and labor tactics
are beginnin g to invad e th e church.
Since J 906 th e state churches have lost more than
th ey have gained. In 1912 they lost 17,788 and during
1913 they probably lost more. The maximum number
of losses was in J !)08, wh en it amo_unted to 27,150.
Th , Racial Democrats are not off.;!ially indorsing
the new moYeru cnt, but many • ocialists a·r e taking
part in it. Dr. Karl Lieblm echt, th e son of the great
ocialist pioneer, Wilh elm Liebkn echt, has evinced -~
he declared: ''I direct my blows against the stepmother- that is, t he church; hut they are intended for
th e stepfather-that is, th e state." Meetings of th e
radical elements have been held by the dozen in Berlin, many at midnight, so that the waiter.s, coachmen
and ot hers who are not at leisu r e earlier in the evenin g,
could attend.
The Chronik der Christlichen Welt, of 'I'ubingen,
which in r ecent numbers contains the full est r eports
of this noteworthy propaganda, draws attention to
the fact that the church has a good deal to learn from
the movement and must be "up and doing " if she is to
110ld her present position. The Tubingen paper points
particularly to the disheartening statistics of church
attendance in Berlin and other great centers of popu-
-phenomemtHy-ene1"get-ie-ftcl+'.R'·+T-.,--,1-B--&-'~~~Ilrle{~lg__J.aLJlOJl_
_ _ _ __
�The W
e,s t .ern · Com r a a e
·--· --------- -·-------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----t-
DEADWOOD
By Edgcumb Pinchon
You
You
You
You
You
dull, unhallowed mass of stunted souls!
terrible progeny of a million crawling years!
bloodless, sightless, soulles.S Things!
blight upon the Tree or Life!
choking pali upon the spirit 's energy!
Yet _th er e is That= in you which is not so;
'fhe Livin g Flame is lurking in youReady to make of you (despite your heritage )
-great souls, great gallant souls- th e warriors of humanity!
..
Despite you r· heritage-I say, but not d espite yoursel VCS.
Th e Dawn 's at han d! Come make your choice!
Sec hcrP a H ell d eeper· t han r ever·end p agan's nmve
imaginings can paint you !
Sec h er e a Death- t he crawling corpse is fair heside it !
This living H ell is you-unbrotherly!
This li vin g Death i'l you-unsavory!
Yes !-you-who r ot in life,
-who never cau ght th e vision of a choiring earth,
-who neve r quivered with a thrill of fellowship,
-who never strove to right the mighty ·wrong of
Inequality,
·who bow to Baal, who chant Success, and never in the
great loathsome paunch of plutocrat divined'fhe scrawny bodies of a hundred starveling babes.
Awake ! Awake ! Awake!
The fast-rotting carrion of your dead selves cr1es out
for burial !
To wak e is painful 1 Yea, the birth of soul is more
terrible, more splendid than birth of babe!
But better die like medieval monk beneath unpitying
self-flagellations:
Better to di e-brute food for cannon in a huckster's
war :
Better never to have known the womb
Than live ignoblyLive like you.
-•
----~====================================================~~
�·.T JJ
e w e s t e r n <.: o m r a c1 e
. The Psychology of the Mob
By EMANUEL JULIUS
ENRY L. MENCKEN aimed to give The sake of "the city beautiful," you know. Of course,
Atlantic Monthly . readers an a.rticle o.n the r eal reason l,s that when billbo&rds are eliminated,
"Newspaper Morals," and miSsed his newspapers obtain a greater volume of advertisingroark-in a sense. In its place, he did but that is a horse of another color. Tlie City Beautiful
something r eally worthwhile, for through -that is the goal. It is ever the aim of the sagacious
his entire paper in the March issue, journalist to foster ''a sense of personal participation,''
this compelling Baltimore newspaperman Mr. Mencken says. "The wars that he wages are
(and book critic for The Smutty Set) always described as the people's wars, and he himself
gives a keen study of the psychology of the crowd- affects to be no more than their strategist and claque.
particularly the American mob. As a newspaperman, When the victory has once been gained, true enough,
~fr. Mcnck en has had countless opportunities to watch
he may take all the credit without a blush ; but while
" the mold ers of public opinion" at work. The tricks- the fight is going on he always pretends that every
nothing more tha.n tricks-to befuddle the mass mind, honest yeoman is enlisted, and he is even eager to make
to excite the emotions and passions of the people, are it appear that the yeomanry began it on their own
exposed in an unmerciful manner.
motion, and out of the excess of their natural virtue. '1
Throu ghout his article, Mr. l\fe~cken appears to be
Mr. Mencken frankly confesses that capitalist n ewsgiggling a nd sm irking over the clever stunts he has papers ai'wa.ys appeal to ignorance and superstition ;
learn ed; he seems proud of his ability to mak;e ~ in other words, to the "unreflective majority" instead
people think as he (or. rather, his masters ) would have of the "reflective minority. " He says: The truth is
t hem think.
that it would usually get a newspaper nowhere to
Aspirin g to !Jerome a d ramatic ct·itic, Mr. l\lencken address its exhortations to the latter, for in the first
as kPd an "oldtimer " to tell him "what qualities were place they ar e too few in number to make their supchi efiy demanded by t he craft," and this is what t he port of much value in general engagements, and in
ancient sc ribbl er told him:
t he second place it is almost always impossible to con" J\n ock somebody in the head every day-if not vert them into disciplined and useful soldiers. They
an aL·tor, th ell the author, a nd if not the author, then ar e too cantankerous for that, too ready with embarth c mana ge r·. And if th e play and the performance rassing strategy of their own. One of the principal
ar e perfect, th en excoriate someone· who docsn 't think marks of an educated man, indeed, is the fact that he
so-a fellow critic, a t-ivalm anager , the unapprec iative does not take his opinions from newspapers- not, at
public. But m al'e it hea rty ; m ake it hot ! The public any rate, from the militant, crusading newspapers. On
would rather be th e butt itself than have no butt in the contrary, his attitude toward them is almost always .
th e ring. That is Rule No. 1 of American psychology- one of frank cynicism, with indifference as its mildest
and of En glish, too, but more especially of American. form and contempt as its commonest. H e knows that
You must give a good show to get a crowd, and a good they are constaptly falling into false r easoning about
show m can,s one with slaughter in it."
the things within his personal knowledge-that is,
?\Ir. l\f cn cken adds hastily that he "fell into a long within the narrow circle of his special education- and
succession of less :rsthetic n ewspaper berths, • • • so he assumes that th ey make the same, or even worse
but always the advice of my ancient counselor kept errors about other things, whether intelectual or moral.
turning over and over in my memory • • • and This assumption, it may be said at once, is quite justiwhenever I acted upon it I found that it worked.''
fied by the facts.
In order to catch and inflame the p eople, Mr.
Speaking of the "unreflective majority, " in his
~fencken observes, ''all argum ent fo r principle'' must
easy, candid manner, the writer tells how to hypnotize
be translated into "rage against a man . " The writer the masses. "H,is (the average person 's) daily acts
continu es: ''In brief, he (the newspaper editor ) knows are ordered, not by any complex process of reasoning,
that it is hard for the plain people to think about a but by a continuous process of very elemental feeling.
thing, but easy for them to feel.'!
H e is not at all r esponsive to purely intcleetual arguL et us imagine a "peepul 's paper "-one of those ment , even wh en its theme is his own ultimate benefit,
organs that appear willing, always, to ·furth er the for such argument quickly gets beyond his immediate
common interests. Yes; one so radical and progres:.hre interest and exp er ience. But he is very responsive to
as .to d emand that the city council pass an ordinance emotional suggestion, particularly when. it is crudely
o o awa~'lnrstgtrtly--iritthmiTds ," all for-thtr--and-vio·Ientloy-ma.6~1H · -W-thi.~6S8-th""""w~A~'---
�'-20
T h ·e -W e. s t e r n (; o m r a t1 e
newspapers must ever address their endeavors. In at the end, to wit, of a long and well-managed eri
brief, they must try to arouse his horror, or indigna- of minor attacks. The fortre s of hi popularity wa.
while before it was 8.s aulted. H e
- --'l:nrtr,-orpity;--ur simply his lust for slaughter. efrn~--'8U.Y..Y~Y.Sicl.L.!L.!l!JIU>_).)_.!ll.!.£.~~~~~!:.!!!~~!!.!!~~-'!l£~
was pursued with insinuations and innuendoe ; variou
t hey have done that, they have him safely by the nose.
persons, more or les dubiou , were led to make variou.
He will follow blindly until his emotion wears out. H e charges, more or less vague, against him. the manager
will be r eady to believe .anything, however absurd, so of the campaign sought to poison the plain people with
long as he is in his state of psychic tumescence. ''
doubts, misunderstandings, su picion . Thi effort, o
This is plain talk ahout the plain people, and exposes diligently made, was highly .uccessful; and o th~
t h~ tricks of the mob-masters in a manner that should
capital charges, , \\·h en they were brought forward at
rouse the ire of those respectable gentlemen. 'fhe last, had the effec-t of confirmation , of corroboration:.
writer tells us that newspapers never swoop down on of proofs. But, if Tammany had made them dur·in"' th•·
a man and try to smash his posit!on with one blow. first few months of Governor Sulzer's term, whil all
Thc•y work slowly, but steadily. 'l'he editors know it doubts were yet in his faYor, it would have got only
is just" a slow accumuiation of pin-pricks, each appar- scornful- laughter· for its pains. The ground had to h··
Plltly harnd,·ss in itg.c•lf, that finally draws bk>od; it is prepared; the public mind had to be put into tr·aiuing."
by just Rtu·h a lcisur·ely and insidious process that the
' Our masters ha.\·c tumed the task of misleading t lw
pr1·surnpt ion of innocenc: e is destrO'yed, and a hospi- people into au exact sc:ience. Yes, eYen an art. Get tality to suspi1·ion created. The cam paign against ting you to he li e n~ hlaek is white is as measured and
Cov ernor Sulzf•J' ill New York offers a elassie example mechanical a proposition as supplying their hutomoof Uris pr·o,·<·ss ill oprration, with very ski llful gentle- bil es with gasoline. Th(•y know how-and they hoa.-t
'"''ll, jour·11alisti<· and politi cal, in <·ontrol of it. Th e al)out it. And to this black art, :;\Ir. :\[cncken gi ves tlw
{·harg-.<ts 011 wlrif~h Uon·rnor Sulzer was finally brought nam e . of " :\('\\·spaper :\!orals. " :\I oral<;! Y c Gods !
to irnp,•<lf·IIJn ent Wf•r·e not l~unehP<l at him out of a ~What iro1r;v ~ ~~·\\·spap e r r ditors luH-c ousted tht•
.. J..ar :-;ky, nor whil e tli<! pr·imary presumption in his priests-an<l tlwy Iran~ giHn us a more dangerous
favor r•·nrai.nnd uushalu·rr. Not at all. They wrr·c mf'ntal chain. One man, at a desk, can poison -an entire
laUiwh ed at a c<t refully S('lccted and niti ca l rnornf'ntf'Omrnunity!
Why the Public Mind is Poisoned
�The ·Western Comrade
21
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Anthony Comstock
For OYer· forty years, Anthony Comstock has bef:'n ·
fighting for the "suppres.<;ion of vice," causing a great·
Jcal of alarm among artists, writers and publishers
\\'ith his raids on the hook shelves. The elamo'r makes
one helien that Anthony has done much damage in
his forty years of meddling. And now, in a book on
.\nthony Comstock, by Charles Gallaudet Trumbull;
\\·e learn that in liis yra rs of work to "suppress vice"
( 'ornst Ol' k has succeeded iu "destroying nearly fifty
tons of had hooks." ·w hat 's that1 Just one little
l'rei~ht ear co uld bold the whole outfit captured by
t his loud. hut rrsulth'ss, med dl er. Anthony is at the
•·lid of his fl('t iYiti es, and he has shown, for all time,
that ~·o u <·an't suppr·(·ss an~'thing. Fifty tons! In forty
y•·:11·s! :\rill all this ho\\'lin~ against Anthony! Shucks!
Ld hint suppr<·ss for t <·n thousand years' \\'hat difr,·r•·llt·t• \\'ill it mak<· •/ ;\nt holly is a failure; his hiogrnpher pru\·<·s it. 11(' c·ouldn't 13. V. D. Art! His nonsl·xtarian rt·ligiou has g-on(' kl'rplunk !
-r.
* *
Charges Are Dismissed
:\fax Eastman nnd Art Young, Socialists, ,,·e r·e
arrested some time ngo, charged with libeling th e
Associated Press. No,,· comes the report that the
•·hargcs arc dismissed . ]sit possibl e that the ~c·w York
District Attorney concluded that it would hr impossibl e
to libel the news agent of hig business ? To merely
attack the Associated Press for its misrepr·esentations
of labor struggles could n ever do much material good.
The thing ' remaining 'to be done is simply this: Th e
Socialists, the labor unionists and all other fight ers for
hetter livin g conditions must build up th eir own n ews
service, so that the public will know th e truth. Also,
we must build a powerful press. Then, instead of being
arrested for libeling the Associated Press, we will put
it out of business.
* * *
Through Hindu Eyes
Rudyard Kipling is diseussed by A . R. Sarath-Hoy
in the February North Ame~ican Review. Sarath-Roy
is a Hindu, who handles Kipling without gloves. ''Kipling is NOT an authority on India, or things Indian,"
..
he says. "He is only a writer of the life of foreigners
in India- not of Indian life.'' He continues :
n escrtbmg the nattve, \.ipling evidences all th e
virus and prejudice~ of his countrymen. He considers
the Bengalee a coward, because that vegetarian gentlemw is peace-loving and anxious to avoid "trouble,"
as Mulvaney puts it. Centuries of Hindu philosophy,
of Hindu r eligion, and Hindu civilization have cast his
mind into the mold of Peace. Also his food 'a nd the
hot climat~> are not conducive to give his physical and
mental propensities a bent toward aggressiYeness and
fighting. The Bengal ec may not possess a spontaneous
physical courage, but he commands a menta l or rrloral
courage that can enforce a physical courage, as late
deve~pments have proved. 'l'his m ental courage does
not make him less a man or a person unworthy of
r espect. This Kipling overlooks. Nor is his ridicule
original. Englishmen for mnny y ears have been makin g fun of the courage of the Bengalee, and Kipling
just swims with the current."
* * *
The Party Builder
Begun, less than two years ngo: 'l'he Party Builder
now has a circulation of almost 20,000. P ersons who
understand the newspaper business appreciate the
fact that this is a r emarkable showing. The Party
Builcler (published by the Socialist Party, National
Office, Chicago ) is a weekly pnpet· for Socialist Pa.rty
men and "·omen. It is interested more iu organization
than propaganda. It doesn't spend much time discussing abstract_ Socialism; it prefers to mal< e the Socialist
movement more powerful and effici ent. Walter Lanfet·siek, editor of The Party Builder·, succeeds in giving
th e organized ~ocialists of Amc·rica a quick exposition
of what is doing in the Socialist ranks, and what
r emains to be done. It is, primarily, a paper for
Socialists.
* * *
Socialist Editors and Libel
Hardly a day passes without learning of a Socialist
editor· arrested (and usually convicted ) of libel. In
many cases, to be sure, the comrades are persecuted;
hut, carefu l examination of hundreds of exchanges
every week, leads me to the conclusion that the real
wonder is that more Socialist editors are not arrested
and convicted.
l\Iany of our small Socialist p eriodic-als are edited
by well-m eaning comrades, wFio tl1ink they are not
�!22
The We st ern Co mrade
rate, Socialism doesn't gain much when we aim merely
to give opponents the task of proving_themselves honest
··- · -~thing-liut"ti1:e"s"t:ttemem-o01fhannuotlth'I1en:r~pue:ern;·srool]]nr:-.- - - - - 1(f-t.att.nrtdh!seenrl'ddtit'ntt:gHS~e~e4lia~lifis!tts-s-iint:IJtttetHe~at~p»itlta!tllis:i!'stt.-e<ee~ultlf'tl'tES&.f,)..--IlB~y'-ftaInstead of striving to brand every opponent as a patient and persistent exposition of the principles of
horse thief and a briber, it would be well for Socialist Socialism, rather than exposing the shortcomings of
editors to be a little more careful in their statements, per.sonalities, our cause makes, with inevitable cerand not be· af-r:tid to doi/iome investigating. At any tainty, great forward strides.
serving the cause unless they call somebody a liar, a
thief and a grafter. Often, these charges are based on
T H IN GS AS THEY STAN D
A
SENSE of reaction _ha~ come over ;he labor
tllOYem(·nt of America. This, it must be admitted, is only a 1:ef1ection of the rhental attitude of the ent in~ Ame1·iean p eople. - The people, while
in great need, do not sec·m to want anything-at least,
thPy do not appc·ar anxious to get anything. A hungry
man "ho would r ejec·t food an d prefer, in its stead,
.
'
hase l;all and ragtim e, would be eonsidcred a strange
t>Ort of lunatic. .A nd yet this seems to be the attit~de
0t' our peopl e just !lOW. They have nothing-not even
hal f-dccent johs-and th ey don't want anything.
Whil e the unions of San Francisco voted almost
soliJly to enJor·sc! Hiram \\'. Johnson's administra·
tion, \Yhil e these unionists were deciding to advise the
working peopl e to Yotc for· Johnson at the coming election , that <'h:Yc·r·, slippery politician \\·as at a Sacralll('ll!o hotel direet ing the state's henchmen in their
mids upon th e un employed . Strange! After having
Johnson batter at labor 's head, the organize~ workers
present their craniums for another blow!
This is hut an iustanec of a reactionary humot· that
has taken hold of the American people. They are relaxiug th eit· hold, p ermitting the minions of Capital to
crush down those who have a semblance of fight in
their starved bodies. Who seems to care about Ford
and Suhr, convicted ontt·ageously at :!\1arysville? A
handfu 1! 'l'he American people don 't seem to care.
Let Suhr and Ford spend their lin~s m prison cells,
what matters it? The important question just now is:
who is going to pitch for the Giants this summed
Governor Johnson has it in his power to pardon
Suhr and Ford. Ho~v can a sane person expect him
to order their r elease when the organized workers do
not seem interested enough to ·make known their indignation oYer this travesty on justi@c? Governor
Johnson has the endorsement of the San Francisco
ists in Los Angeles, it appears, will follow the lead of
organized labor in San Francisco.
Throughout the country the people seem to have
been lulled to sleep. President Wilson, by far the
shrewdest president thjs country ever had, has hypnotized the workers. Having told them that Jhe government will N OT fight Big Business, they ppear convinced that prosperity must, as a natural result, prevaiL Strange logic!
Not long ago the police of Los Angelefdelib eratcly
precipitated a riot at the Plaza, battered hundreds of
heads, killed a Mexican and arrested scores. Did anyone protest 1 Another handful! A capitalistic judge
stepped in and sent about fifteen men to prison for
terms, in the main, of two years. The men are in
prison. Nobody seems to care, except a handfuL The ,
masses are sleeping soundly.. And, from appearances,
they are having pleasant dreams!
And this unfortunate lethargy is giving the Socialist press a severe blow. v.,reeklies and monthlies are
suspending. The labor press that has the courage of
its principles is in a precarious state. And, as it app ears as though baseball will be extremely popular
this summer, it will be interesting to watch developments.
kustin Harrison, editor of the most thorough magazine in the world, The English Review, comments on
the British mind, and, judging from facts facing us,
his criticisms apply with complete force to the Am er ican p eople. H e calls it "the Ragtime attitude,"
which, in his opinion, "reflects the spirit of amateurishness "·hieh is the keynot e of the day. Everything
is a Rag. Th e serious man or book is a 'nuisance.' The
fact is we are not r eally in earnest. It is not good
form to be in earnest. It is not even the tradition.
• • • An enormous working-class population which
does not maintain and read its own Press is not likely
to hand itself together. like th e women, and die for a
pr·ineipl c. • • 4 \\"hat r emains is the foundation
of a Socialist Press. And that is an innovation which,
if it does not lead to r evolution, may yet lead to refo,·m which may be r evo lutionary enough in its mani-
------~•~=:.~~~~~~~~~<r.~h7.~~~~~h~~~~~~
es~
aTJ~o~n~s~
. ~-
�23
The Western Comra1e
Socialism and the Land
By DR.
~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
J. E. POTTENGER, Monrovia, California
I-IE Socialist movement has been and still
is in the formative stage, educating the
working man to see that if he would better his condition he must associate with
his fellows, politically and industrially. .
Had we i~ years past dealt with reforms
to the exclusion of work which has been
done, we would have no movemel\t today.
Ilu"·ever, we are now at the threshold of political
~uc:cess, and it is necessary for us to indicate what
''" '' shall do when power is given us. Moreover, with
the Initiative in o·ur hands in this state, '\ve can accomplish something eYen though we fail to obtain political
•·nntrol. I assume, then, that the Socialist Party of
California must necessarily maintain a list of Immediat e Demands.
\\-hat then is the most important Immediate DeJnnud ? Let us turn to our Communist l\Ianifesto
(page 45, Charles H. Kerr edi~Q!!h where we find :
" Abolition of property in land and application of all
rents of land to public purposes.'' It is evident that
Karl l\Iarx considered the land question of such importance that it should he placed at the head of the
list. l\[arx did not offer a plan to carry out his propositiou, and. so far as I know, no Socialist since his time
lias filled the need.
)Iarx recognized laud as a soc i.al value. Henry
l:eorge, writing twenty years later, apparently unfami liar with J\Iarx' writings, took the same position.
He went further and developed a tax plan which he
claimed would solve the question. His plan was the
Single Tax-the taxation of lands at their full Yalue
and the appropriation of all iuerease of Yalue by the
state. Now, since this is the only remedy offered for
th e solution· of the land question, and since it has
a great many advocates, it is urgent that Socialists
become fami liar with the method, for we may find
that we can use it in some degree to accomplish what
we desire.
Indi1ferent to Taxation
Should one inquire of the average Socialist his
view of taxation and reforms in methods of taxation,
one or more of the following or similar answers will
b ~ given :
" I have little interest in the subject, for it matters
not who pays taxes or upon what they are based, the
working class pays all taxes ultimately. "
"Socialists have no business meddling with t~e sub.iect; we had better hew to the line and not bother
1rith refor
''
''The Single Tax is a scheme for the conservation of
T
uestion
the interests of the small capitalist in his struggle with
the large capitalist.''
If one questions the comrade sharply regarding th~
Single Tax, he will likely admit that he has not studied
the question.
Socia.lists on the Land Question
A. M. Simons (American Farmer) deals only with
the changing tenure of land, the tendency to tenantry,
the altered..processes of production, and the te:t;~.dency
to division of labor and · larger production. He welcomes the proletarianization of the original owner as
a boon to the political movement of the working class,
He offers no plan to destroy land privilege.
Karl Kautsky (Die Agerfrage ) · fails likewise nn a
practical plan.
A~thur Morrow Lewis (Ten Blind Leaders . of the
Blind), in his chapter on Henry George, contents himself with ridicule of George and his syste~, but fails
to give us what we n eed most-a practical land program.
Victor L. Berger (How to Reach the Farmer, Chicago Daily Socialist, May 20, 1910) said: "The greatest Socialist minds have spent years on this questions.
Kautsky wrote a book of 500 pages, and it is the poorest book he has written. He came to no conclusion.
The greatest trouble is that Marx fell down on the
question of agriculture. \Ve have to admit it."
Importance of the Problem
An illustration which differs only in degree from
what may be found elsewhere may be given. Forty
years ago the whole of Los Angeles County was worth
less than twenty million dollars. Today the market
value of the• land is at least one billion dollars, every
dollar of which was produced by labor during that
time. The present owners are permitted to reap a
harvest from r ent, say of 10 per cent annually, which
means that the 150,000 workers in the county must pay
$100,000,000 as rent, or nearly $700 per capita in increased cost of living and low wages. From what other
single cause does the worker lose so much?
Shifting of Taxes in Genera.!
Perhaps the well-known ability of the strong and
powerful to shift taxes to the consumer or laborer, in
the form of low wages, accounts for much of our indifference to the subject of taxation. The income tax,
which might be confiscatory under certain conditions,
will not be so under existing conditions. All business
men powerful enough to do so, will adc;!. it to their
nses and shift it to the cons~I!Ja.boz:er,..-:,l.:n.eFE~--
is no escape. Consider the recent ridiculous act of
�T .h e We st ern Co m r a de
24
the German Social Democracy in voting for the war Committee inserting as Iinmediate Demand No. 1, a
budget, wth the justification, "If the rich insist on drastic land value tax measure which will restore the
preparation for war, et t em pay for It.
e cost w
be defrayed by taxes on their incomes." This blunder
has done untold damage to ·anti-military propaganda,
* * *
and the taxes will be .shifted to the working class as
Editor 's Note-In forthcoming articles Dr. J. E .
before. On th e other band, we will find that under a
land value taxation plan, taxes cannot be shifted at Pottenger will show how land value taxation may be
used by Soeialists to accomplish, in quite a measure,
all , or to only an insignificant degree.
Need of Definite Lan d P r ogram
what they are' after. Also, be will give succinct analyAfter we study-the question for some time I a¢' sure ses of H enry: George's social and economic philosophy
that ,,.e will insist on th e California
State Program
· from the viewpoint of a Socialist.
.
.
Next-An Eight-Hour Law !
..
(Continued from pago-10)
p. 111. ?" " And th e proposed law does not permit the
servant t o work more tha n six days in the week!''
Statistics show t lwt only cighteer1 Rer cent pf the
people in th e United States k eep domestic ·servants.
Th<! rwople wl10 ar·e most interested in the passage of
this la11· arc n ot contemplat ing th e keeping of-servants,
am! as for th e eighteen p er cent, it will do madame
good to prepare a meal once in a while, and t o wait on
her own famil y for one day in th e week. Every woman
who has <·ver don e any housework knows that it· is
hard wor·k, and will rejoice that, at last, the house
sr r·vant is not to lw at th e beck and call of an employer
for an unlimited p eriod each day.
All th e ;:rrgum ent s against an eight-hour day resolve t hcmsel vcs into this one-it will encroach upon
profits! .And all th e ar·gumcnts in its favor· ·converge
finally into this- to th e gr·eat maj ority of th e common
p eople it will bring more abundant life.
l<.., irst, by incr·casing th e chances for employment.
Jt has hccn asser·t ed tha t a r eduction in hours does not
put mor·e men .to wor:k Cer·tain political economists
have, "with math ematical precision" ( n figured that
th e output und er the reduced hours must equal the
oi.ttput hcfore th e hom·s wct·c r educed, without increasing th e wor·king fol'cc-else th e price of the product would be r·aised. This, of course, would be equivalent to a r eduction in wages, and would mean that
less of th e product would be consu~ed and Jewer men
r equir·ed for its production. This argument might be
offered wher e the reduction in hours affect ed one or
two industries only, but wh ere every kind of labor in
the state is to be so a-ffected, it cannot be denied that
more men '\viii be required to p erform the work that
is now being don e. That is why an eight-hour law
affecting all classes of labor is more beneficial than an
eight-hom· day maintained by the organized strength
0
increase
and S:ervices!" Undoubtedly. The Socialist Party, in
putting forth an eight-hour bill, does not claim that it
will solve the eeonomic probl em~n the contrary, we
most emphatically assert that so long a·s profits must
r emain 's table, no single piece of legislation can brin g
to the workers any advantage, without atl the same
time r evealing th e incompleteness of any program
'which does not strike at the roo.t s of . capitalismprofits! But, we say: "Better that the cost of living
should go up, than the standard of living should go
down!''
The ultimate effect of a universal eight-hour day on
the employment situation cannot be computed as a
simple mathematical problem. It will lessen unemployment to an ever incr easing degree because it not
only gives opportunity for increased efficiency and int ell!gence on th e part of th e. worker, but it absolutely
d emands these things on his part. It inevitably deYclops a class of workers able to cope with the problem
of unemployment, the cost of living and the whole
probl em of profits.
" It p ermits of no over·time for the workcr, _thougb,"
says th e capitalist. Did you ever notice, comrade, that
when the masters appeal to Labor, they always address
t hem~lves to the scab sp.ir·it ? And when that spirit
is p ermitted to govern, it is th e undoing of Labor in
the end.
'l'he ~stablishm e nt of the eight-hour work day is
not alone of substantial material benefit. It contains
possibilities for still further advance. It will give the
\\·orker the one thing n ecessary for self-emancipationLEISURE. Leisure is opportunity. Opportunity is
the gateway to n ew worlds of thought and action.
Enforced idl en ess is not leisure. Idleness will imponrish, degrade and dwarf. Leisure will enrich and
elevate character.
\Yorkers of California: We summon you to. this
great cause! ::I'he age-long struggle is nearing a~ end!
Capitalistic desperation presages success. In this con-.
flict let us abolish aU imaginary lines, and remember
only that we are of the working class. Let the ballots
o · e wor · crs gtvc answer
San Diego and Sacramento!
�The Western Comrade
-The California Outlook..
OTIS-THE PLEISTOCENE MAN!
The two pairs of feet indicate that the club has
been in use, says the editor of Th e California Outlook.
Those in the left-hand corner belong to a gentleman
engaged in skin-hunting for the General. H e was rash
enough to unite with others of . his craft in asking a
salary increase o t three clam-shells per week. He bas
had his answer; for the General bas just delivered a
very striking lecture on industrial freedom.
�The Western Comrade
0
NE tentacle of the Great Greed has slipped its
Essentially this operation-this killing of the excable and slid into the deep blue sea-or into press company's business-is confiscation. • We, the
whatever it is that !ep.tacles slide when they people," have made worthless the bu in
of this comdie. This having reference, of course, to the demise
pany ; we have deprived· it of the chance to make profof the United States Express Company, which has just
d ecided to close its books and quit. gouging the public, its. .We have confiscated its business as truly as though
for the good and sufficient r eason that the gouging . we had passed a law·directly forbidding it to tra.nspor
businer;s is very poor, now that the parcel post is in .· express.
the field.
.And nobody over the whole broad land cares a rap.
But here is a great historical event, ·and after all When you come right face against this confiscation
littl e ado is bein g made over it. For years we have business it loses many of its terrors. Even the kept
heard reactionary orators dilate upon the horrors of P,ress is she.dding no tears, sees no reign of anarchy
confiscation. We have, Jleard Republicans and Demo- · predicts .no disast.:;_r to our cherished institution and
crats warn th e nation against this- ter-rible · thing; we sees no decline of patriotism.
ha \ ' C act ually seen th em shudder at the thought that
· Of course, nobody maintains that this define the
we as a nati on should ever confiscate wealth! And So·cialist position as to confiscation in any way. ~t i
now come we to th e point where wealth IS confiscated merely by way of pouting out that it is usel
to ay
by an institution hrought into being by Republicans · what liOethods we shall find be t suited to future needs ;
and Democrats, though the IDEA may not have orig- it is· useless to say that we favor this or "that way of
inatrd with th em, since Republicans and Democrats are dojng soinething
be done a dozen years from now;
not popular·Jy supposed to originate ideas.
it is by way
aying that when we come to our bl'idges
'l'he United States Express Company is going out of we sha
nd the best way of crossing, and_we shall
business hecause the parcel post system went into busi- not always be bound by a lot of traditiona1·y bunness. And, while th e parcel post is limited in its field combe that has cluttered up the past.
of operation, it has demonstrated that here, as in the
And it may be that, as in the case of th e nited
postal fi eld, it is superior to privately owned serviceStates Express Company, we shall cross a lot of bridges
a nJ , what is more important to the express companies, without even having known that we were anywher e
chcnpr l'.
near a briage.- -C. M. W .
TREATED HER ROYALLY
·w hen ever a "New One " appears with his first
publishc<.l ·novel or story- sometimes the qook pays
expenses-we wouldbc 's all gather around him and
~1.sk '' how 'd ye do it ?'' And the answer is the usual
an wer. H e t ells us how he wrote it, and how he sold
it, and how he did this and that. All of which is
interestin g. And now comes May Edington, one of
t he latest to join the Major League, who tells how
she ' ' was never denied access to editorial sanctums.' '
She adds that she was never turned away, much to
her surprise. Of course, it is necessary to state the
fact that her husband is an editor.
R.cad what The National Socialist says about this
publication: "The ·w estern Comrade is a monthly
maaazine t hat should be in the home of every Socialist
.and sympathizer in America. This publication is a
joy to the ye and contains matter that places the
macraziue in a cla of it o'vn. The best writers and
nrti t ontribnte to The \Ve tern Comrade."
The Appeal to Reason says the following about
Th W e tern Comrade: 'A ocialist ma(J'azine, ..known
~ Th "Y" t tn omrade and publi be~ at_Los Ang~les,
Get Us Some Readers!
.
.
TaJk to that friend of yours--that favorite
one, you know, and get him to subscribe for
the W es~ern Comrade. Bo.o st the magazine.
Get some new readers. In cJubs of four or
more a year's subscription costs onJy 50c. If
you want to get anyone interested in SociaJism
introduce the person to The Western Comrade. By the way, have you renewed yet?
Do it now!
F-5849; _MAIN 1407"
EXPONENTS OF
the Square 'Deal For
Everybody. We mal-e
our. own Candiee, lee
Creame and Ieee, that
is the reaeon they are
Better
- :-:-
427 SOUTH BROADWAY 427
�The
Wesc~rn
Comrade
sPay Your
The Western Comrade wants to give one liye.-wire man or woman a chance to
earn a living In ~very city, hamlet and burg In the great wide West. You.
can't buy broadcloth on this job, but It's a mortal cinch that you can buy eatand good eats, with trimmings now and then.
Here's the Job For You!
The Western Comrade Is going after every Socialist and near Socl.alist -ir. the ·
West. We want one dollar from each and for that dollar we· will send twelve
issues of the livest, snappiest, happiest, most constructive, beat ·edited So-•
cialist magazi ne on the map. We want YOU to be the one to get those dollars
In YOUR town. You've no idea how easy it is. Ten a day is the easiest thJ ng
in the world for a live one to get. And, believe us, ten a day will get you' the
best eats you've had in many a long moon.
Write Us Today!
Get our proposition for this work. It'll hold you safe for the summer and .as
long after that as you care to keep on the job ... We are making a · LIB'E RAL
proposition to ONE man or woman in every town because we want this maga- ·
zine to go into every Socialist and near Socialist home in the West. We want
to ginger up things tor Socialism. Don't put this off; WRITE TODAY, enclos·lng reference from your local Socialist Secretary. None but good, steady, rell.able folks on this job. It's a good job for good, reliable hustlers who ean mak.e
good. If you're that kind, get your letter In the mail quick!
27'
Socialist Review
JUST OUT
FOR APRIL
CONTENTS
Labor's Battle in South Africa. Written especially for the Review by one of'
our South African comrades. All cablereports were · censored and this is the
first authoritative account of the great
struggle. Tells of the splendid solidarity
shown by the black and white workers:
and how the capitalists abolished ali
government.
:rhe Menace .Ml Government Ownership.
By .a mail carrier who Is not afraid towrite ab.out the slave conditions under
which the government employes work.
(Be sure that your carrier reads this.
article.)
The Partnership Between China and·
the Standard Oil Company. By Mary E.
:Me.rcy. Points out the rapid development of capitalism and that the prospects
for a mighty army of Socialism in China
a re growing better every day.
Other articles wh ich you will want toJ
read are:
Business and Patriotism in Japan.-s.
Katayama.
Glimpses of Formosa.-M. Wright.
In the Army.-A Soldier.
EXPLAINED
rssu c and ex plained nothing. His
The Socialist Party and the Schools.a
''Atkins,'' said the sergeant, an- r g um Pnts are ve r y much like the F. Bohn.
rlose -fittin g,
diaphanous
The Catholic Church and the Unemg r·ily, ,., why h aven't you shaved t his prl:'sent
drc•ss
:
t
lwy
touch
e
Ye
rything
and
ployed.
morning ''
Catherine Breshkovsky.-E. Roubano"Ain 't I shaved?" ask e d Atkins, c·o,·er nothing. ''
vitch.
in appar·ent surprise.
No Compromise in~rance.-Wm. Bohn.
GENUINE PITY
''No, you're not,'' insisted the
Study Courses in Oratory and Socialse rgea nt ; "and I want to know
Excited Small Boy-Hey, :Mr. ism.
why. •'
Tanks, there 's a burglar craw lin ' up
EDI1:0RIAL: Why We Look Ahead
"\\" el~, yo;u see, sergeant," repli~d 1 your. front steps this v~ry minut_e! and Smile.
th e solrlrer , ''there was a dozen of us
rvr, l. T.anks_-,Poor devil , the filS297 LOCALS HAVE STANDING BUNDLE ORDERS for the Review-of from
using th e same mirror, and I must sus ll thrnk It s m e.
· 20 to 500 . copies each. LIVE LITERA·
The Western Comrade, P. O.Box 135, Los Angeles
I
have s hav e d some ot.her man."
IStatement of the ownership, management,
~~~ETINAGGE~~~A;I~t~ ~~w~:sat s!~:
BEST at meetings. If your local is.
asleep the Review will wake It up.
Bundle Rates : 10 for 50c; 20 for $1.00;
In a r ecent d ebate on Socialism at
100 for $5.00.
·
one1 of th e Chautauquas in Ohio the
The entire February edition SOLD
'
Honorable J. Adam B e d e, co mm e ntOUT and we have less than 500 March
numbers on hand. These figures prove
ing on the discussion of his opponent
that the Review is "hitting the bull's eye"
'
t h e Honorable Emil Seidel, said:
with the workers. One comrJ!.de sent in
571 yearly subs in 60 days. This shows
"He has told you many things but
what a "live" Socialist can do. The Re'
nothing to the point. His argum ents
view stands for Revolutionary Socialism.
The International May Day number wlll
are like the Moth e r Hubbard dress: • Sworn to and subscribed before me be out on April 20th-get your orders In
this 28th day of March, :1!914.
they cover ever ything, but t ouch
CHAIM SHAPIRO,
now.
A SARTORIAL RETORT
·
circulation, etc., of
THE WESTERN COMRADE
published monthly at Los AngeleR, Calif..
j required by the Act of August 24, 1912.
Editor, Emanuel Julius, 203 New High
street, Los Angeles.
Managing editor, Emanual Julius, 203
N
H' h
Lo A
1
ew tg street,
s nge es.
.
Business managers, Emanuel Julius, 203
New High street, Los Angeles.
p• bl ' h
E
i
u IS er,
manuel Jul us, 203 New
Hrgh street, Los Angeles.
(Signed.) EMANUEL JULIUS.
I
I .
-IW.thing ''
. ~r
the County o
In his r ebuttal Seidel declared:
Los Angeles, State of California.
"Mr. Bede has d "tl
'd d th
My commission expired April 2, 1917.
a rm y avm e
e (Seal)
•
118 W. Kinzie St., Chicago, Ill.
�28.
The Western Comrade
THE WESTERN COMRADE
wHAT THEY ARE sAYING ABouT us
"The Western Comrade is the best So-
Entered as second-class matter at the
post office at Los Angeles, Cal.
'"v·""""••.11
~43
203 New High Street, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
=================.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year'
In Clubs of Four Fifty Cents
Emanuel Julius, Editor
we
~~
arne , Los Angeles, Calif.
v .
"I like the manner in which The Western Comrade says t hings. 1t suits me
better every issue."-L. W. Millsap, Jr.,
Woodland, Calif.
"Your editorials are cleverlv written."
~hester M. Wright, Contributing Editor -D. F. K.. Philadelphia, Pa.
· Assoc iate Editors
"Each number is better than tl'le last."
Eleanor Wentworth
Stanley B. Wilson -Mrs. Mary E. Garbutt. . Los Angeles.
Fred C. Wheeler
Rob Wagner
Sydney Hil ~ya rd___ __ ____
The Dawn, published at ,Santa.'Barbara,
---- --- - - - - was advertised in toe AJJril number of
Vol. 2
May, 1914 _ ---~- No. 1 T_he w~stern C<;~mrade. Sydney Gre_enbte, ass1stant ed1tor of The Dawn. wntes
that he r_eceived tiie following, from Au- I D
I j gust Hamilton, San Diego, Calif. : "Please
S OCia
send me_".sample copy of your magazin~.
Now 75 f'C' IItS a vcar to So-cialist Th e Dawn. The Wes~ern Comrade . _I·S
{
] II
fine and If The Dawn I S as good I Will
pa r·t y m r>tn J, r-rs! ,>,ne ( o a r a _Ye_ar bu/ it."
The California
emocra
The Los Angeles Citizen
A .LJaoor paper 1;na1; never oacKS
down, a Labor paper tha-t · always
gQes ahead ON . THE STRAIGHT
ROAD!
The Citizen is known from Coast
to Coast as the best trade union paper the nation has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
of more ·than 12 pages of news and
inspiration and education concerning organized labor.
Edi'led by STANLEY B. WILSON
·
The Citizen is edited by Stanley B.
.
.
,
.
Wtlson, one of _the n~t10~ s Big Men
of Labor! His editOrials are as
widely copied all over the country as
are the editorials of any oth er Labor
.
fighter today. That 1s the sure test
to non-mr>rn hr> rs. 1 he hcst Socralrst
of quality. Oth ers know that what
papPr \\'I' han~ .
D. C. Poindexter, an officia l of the Wilson
writes is THE REAL
Th r SoeiaJ.])cmocrat is a paper Order of Ra ilroad Tele~raphers, ,. Bis - 1 THI rG! Th er e's an inspiration and
with a \Ynllop - a paper that marck . North ·Dakota, wntes:
1a breadth of view in the writings of
''Afte r a car e fu l per•usa l of the current
.
.
BUILDS' It 's just t he sort o f con- issue of The W estern Comrade, 1 cannot tlus man seldom found m the work
strudin•, fig ht ing Socialist paper r esist the tempta tion of adding ·my quota of editorial writers. In no othe1: pathat th e t·onstrnctivc movement of o_f praise -to the un~oui.Jtedly alre:ad y long per can you get the WILSON EDIt he g r·cat W <'st nccrls.
I list. Your declarat!on that you. mtend to TORIALS! . Subscribe to The Citizen
Special a rticl es on tin~cly subj ects ~~~i~~f:: ttoh\h~d~1~~~m~~t c~-iyl~e;at~': today!
·
each week mal\ c th r. Soc tal -Dernocrat su re, mee t with the approval of a great
The Citizen will come to you for a
a paper· JooJ,cd fo r with engcrn ess m a jor!tY of your r eaders.
.
whol e y ear-52 big issues-for one
by rYcry Sllbsc rihcr. Editorials that ··r feel confident that_ I _can obtam a dollar. \Vrap a bill in a sheet of
driv e t o t he point fri,·e t_he paper a ~~1~c~e;~~-~b;11~a~~ :~:~~~~t~~~:e~o;a~~~~ paper and mail it. Get a money orfight tng- tone that_ I S a .J OY to the copies of th e April issue, with bill, and Jer if you prefer, or send a check. It
hea rt of th e ntc rans and an iospira- the good work will go merrily on.
· all goes. BUT DO IT NOW! The
tion to th e JJ C\1"-comers.
" Kee p your pages as full of 'pe p' as Citizen P. 0. B ox 135 Los Angeles
· 1 1
b Cl
the las t two 1ss ues hav e I.Jeen and your
'
'
'
A spcc-Ia . c .c pa rtrn.ent y
rester s ucces is ass ured"
Cal.
M. Wri ght, th e cditot·, is one of th e
s
·
·
---------------snappy fea tures of the Social-Demo- " I am an old printer who has worked I
Subscribe for a real Socialist paper
crat. ln this department th e big do- on news pape rs and magazines a ll over
ings of th e wo 1·Jd pass in r eview each the coun try. Let me tell _you that I
THE COLORADO WORKER
week There 's a spicy slam-ban g to t hmk The \~es tern Con~rade IS one of the Owned and controlled by the membership
. ·
_
,
most beautiful m agazmes I have ever of the Socialist Party of Colorado; 60c
tl_ns department that you 11 appre- come across. The make -up is splendid . a year 35c 6 months. 850 Kalamath St.,
Ciate.
The type is pleasing to one's eyes. And Denve~ Colo.
••Great, •• Is What They All
Say!
the stock u sed i~ just th.e th ing that a - - - -·- - - - - - - - - - - - ,
person could wis h for.' - Albert LaoComrades who know newspapers, caster, 4014 Evans avenue, St. Louis, .Mo.
"It's in the Mountains"
comrades who know t he Socialist
find one dollar for r en ewal
THE B. C. FEDERATIONIST
movement and its n eeds, all join in of "Enclosed
my subscription. It is by far the bes t
Finest la bor paper in Canada. R. Parm
praising the Social-Democrat. Among yet. Long may it live."-Mrs. Florence
t hose who testify to the high qu ality Tipton, 1274 O'Farrell street, San Fran- Pettipiece, managing editor. Address
Labor Temple, Vancouver, B. C.
and character of the Social-Democrat cisco. Calif.
are National Executive Secretary
Lanfersiel<, form er Congressman Victor L. Ber ger, our own J. Stitt WilIrwin Tucker
son, the indefatigable Job Harriman
Managing Editor
and many others.
Edwin Ellis Carr
Thomas C. Hall
Six Bits Gets It for You!
Charles · Edward Russell
Mail your subscription for this pi,The Federal Census of 1910 gives the reper today. It is owned and conligious population of the country at 82,417,147;
trolled by the Socialist party of Cali5457 DREXEL AVE.
the Protestant population is placed at 65,415,fornia. A letter addressed to The
Chlcago, Ill.
241. These constitute available and absolutely
$1.00 · a Year -•
necessary material for the propaganda of
Social-Democrat, P. 0. Box 135, Los
Club of Four $2.00
Socialism. The Christian Socialist is edited
--~An
;:;::;;,l;!,ele~ Cal. will reach it rom tl .
ce-a-M~nth•---1--irr~nns--that makes !!peetal--ftppe&l
itt
AIL 0
UB
P IO
0CHAS. L. BRECKON
this class of people.
DAY- and say you saw the ad in
Business Mgr.
Send 2c Stamp for sample.
The Western Comrade!
I
I
;::===============================::;
The
Christian
Socialist
Editorial
Staff
�~
The Western Comrade
Telephone .~ome
HOTEL SNOW
A-2591
138 S. Broadway
Special Rates By Week
THE JONES BOOK STORE
Broadway 1692
226 West First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
If eadquarters fo r the best Socialist
hooks and literature.
Main 1407
Stands for
331-2 Douglas Building
Los Angeles, .Qal.
CHARLES ~ MORGAN
Attorney and Counselor at Law . and
Notary· Public
Renew your subscription promptly. If 1010 California Building, Co.rner Secolld
and Broadway
you let the matter delay then YOu :will
Home
Phone
A 3913 Los Angeles, Cal.
be taken from the mailing Jist. The
" 'estern Comraiie deserves. your continued friendship, so come across with Main 7618
that renewal.
'
.
GOLDMAN &. .SHAPIRO
Lawyers
232-3 Douglas Bldg.,
OFF DUTY
3rd and Spring
Little Everett was a member of N tary
Los Angeles, Cal.
fections, Creams
SOUTH
R. HOLSTON
At.torney ' at Law
In spite of all this p roverb cant
I think 'twill be a greed· .
It i~ ·a frie~d in ~ds ~e want,
And not a· friend in need.
the Best in Con-
427
A.
THE KIND WE W A.NT
F-5849
This
921 Higgins BulldlDg
Los Angeies, . cai, '
$1 Per Day
Los Angeles
A-tOSS
a nd Ices -:- · -:BR0 ADW AY
DRESSER PHOTO CO.
Lantern Slides
Copying
Mad e and Exhibited En,larging
Kodak Finishing-Free Developing
Ma il Orders
230 % SOUTH SPRING ST.
!' ho ne A- 2298
Los Angeles, Cal.
th e Band of Mercy Society, and was
Ycry proud of the memhership. He
Phone Douglas 3565
wore his badge, a small star, as if it
H. SLIKERMAN
" ·ere a policeman's insignia, and was
Attorne y at Law
often heard reproving other boys
Pacific Building, Room 631
and girls for cru el treatment of dogs
San Francisco, Cal.
and cats.
KIRK & KIRK
On e morning a woman of the Cempllments of
Attorneyll at Law
neigh
horhood heard quite a commoSOl Sprec kels Theater Bu ilding
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
tion outside Everett's home, a nd,
San Diego, Calif.
going to the window, was surprised
Suite 712, San Fernando Building
Fourth and Main Streets
!·: ve ry everri ng till 6. Sundays 11 to 12 to find J;i,·e r·ett in t he act of tormentLos Angeles, Cal.
Oscar-WINBURN-Charles
in g t he cat.
THE WORKINGMAN'S LA WYERS
" \\'hy . Everett," she called, Home A 2003
Main 619
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
" wha t arc doing to t hat poor cat"/
A. J. STEVENS
Phone A- 3638 .
l th ought you belon ged to the Band
Dentist
NOTARY PUBLIC
of Mercy Society 1''
307 South Broadway
100 Per Cent Settlement
' 'I did,'' replied t he little boy, Room 26
Los Angeles, ·Cal.
"but I lost my star ."
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
THE INTERMOUNTAIN WORKER
l'ui.Jii s h d weekly. Murray E . King,
••<litor. One dollar per year in adavnce.
Aduress communica ti on s to room 234
~loose Bui lding, Salt Lake City, Utah.
JOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
Assayer and Chemist
do not guaranteed satisfaction
Get readers for The Western Com360 I. W. Hellman Building
I guarantee accuracy
Los Angeles, Cal.
T el. A-4559 rade. The magazine is fighting your
252% South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
battles in a manly manner. Do the right
Phone A 2299
>hones: Sunset Main 8400, Home 10711 thing. Boost the magazine. Subscribe.
Ali Work Done i~ Duplicate
Insu rance Underwriter
ED. WINFIELD
I
fo r The Western Comrade.
-Ialftone Photo Engraver and Zinc EJ.cher - - - - - - -·- - - - - - - - - Color Engravings
One price to all.
0 skinning.
Record Building, 612 Wall St. ·
c. A. WILSON
The Watchmaker and Jeweler at the
Union Labor Tj!mple, 532 Maple Avenue,
CENTRAL PARK DENTISTS
Los Angeles, is a unitm watchmaksr.
ALL PRICES RIGHT
D. S.
.
Cor. Fifth and Hill Sts.
I. 0 . 0. F . No. 150 Louisiana, K. of P .
Los Angeles, Cal.
No. 186 Louisiana.
.
---------------William Francis Seeman, registered
patent attorney and' mechanical engineer,
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17-18
Citizens' Bank Building; patents all
countries; specializing intricate and dlfficult mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and metallurgical cases~.J~
Main 9474 ·
~
0 -:f: Q '(
Insurance, all ldnds. P . D. Noel, 921
Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles.
�~aw ·
·S.c ho·l -rship
VALUED AT
00
Given Absolutely Free !!! 4dilertise Our School
Costs You Nothing Now, or Later, .If You Act Immediately!
THIS OFFER IS LIMITED, SO WRITE TODAY-QUICK! DON'T DELAY!
Get this most liberal offer before it is too late. This Free Scholarship brings you
a thorough legal training for a/moat nothing-tuition surprisingly low. We are making this
liberal offer for advertising purposes and may withdraw it at any time, so hurry!! If you act at once we will give you
a Scholarship, valued at $100.00, abaolutely FREE. Do not fail to get the facts at once. Send the free coupon at
bottom of this page immediately for full particulars.
COSTS NOTHING TO INIIESTIG4TEl
Don't be backward. To write your name and address on the coupon below will
not coat you a cent.
1
,
Nobody will call on you or bother you in any way:
We will send you full
particulars of this ultra liberal Free Scholanhip offer, also our FREE BOOK explaining how to master the law at
home during your spare moments-how $5000.00 a year is within your reach if you will study l.a w. Don't put aside
this paper until you have filled in the coupon and mailed it to us. Mail it right now-TODAY.
..
----------------~
Guarantee:
¥our Home~ IJniilersity!
We_JUUantee to coaeh
FREE any .,.aduate failina
to paaa the bar ezamination. Our Coarse co•era
all bt-ancb1o of American
Law and includea aame
otudieo ao leadina law
ocboolo.
AIIIERICAN CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL OF LAW
Dept. 7til
Monlutta'n 8ulldtnc. Chlcaco, Ill.
�.
31
The Wester ·n Comrade
Risk Ten Cents
Send It to- THE, DAWN
at Santa Barbara~ California. and you w-ill r~ceive a
Magazine of Education~ Sociology and Art.
Unique
in make-up--in .subiect mafter--in style--in tolerance .
.
THE DAWN Has No . . Policy~'
There are no strings attached t~ THEDA'WN.
Its advertisers pay for space--not for ..... silence.~~
Rise early--subscrib2 to THE DA'WN at One
Dollar the Year and add tw-elve volumes of literature
to your library.
Prince c~ Hopkins~ Editor and Publisher.
Sydney Gree_nbie~ Assistant Editor."
..
•
�'
\
-.
~ '
(
..
!. -
.1
.....
.
.
Renting a SECURITY
Safe Deposit Box!
.
..
,
Simply select the size b~x_' you .think wi~l a~commodate
your papers and valuables. You w111 then sign .a signature
card just as you would
a .bank account.
. if you were opening
.
Two keys to your box ~ill be given you. It is necessary
to use. one of _you( keys and the . master key, which is i~
possession of the vault cu:::todbn, in order to open your box.
Either key without the of·:.e1·; however~ is of no avail. You
get the only keys in existence whi..-h .will fit your box. Even if
you should lose them, no one else would be able to enter by ·
reason of our system of identifipation.
Numerous coupon rooms are provided, into which you
may retire with you·r box when you have occasion to examine,
remove or add to its contents. Strictest privacy is thus
assured.
Gather together your abstracts, deeds, will, fire and
accident and life insurance policies, invoices of household
goods, seldom-used jewels, and provide for them the protec·
tion to which they are entitled. If even one of these papers
should be lost, it might cost you several years' box relit to
duplicate.
The SECURITY vaults are the largest and best equipped
in Los Angeles. They are located in the basement of the
Security building, built on a solid cqncrete foundation, independent of the building itself. Proof against burglars fire- water, or the weight of falling buildings !
Boxes in these vaults rent for $2.50 a year and up. The
$2.50 size is plenty large for the average person's needs.
Storage of bulky valuables - chests of silverware and the
like- costs as low as 50 cents a month, depending on the size
of the article stored.
SEVURI~TRUST
a:.SAVINGsBAN"K
Oldtst and Largest Savings Bank
·
in the Southwest
Fifth and Spring
First and Spring
•
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-05
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-05
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v02n01_191405
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v02n01
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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An Eight-Hour Law!
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/3ed1b7f7fa3976652c89520544440dba.pdf
56cd0ec754b7c347a25e67f72a7cec4a
PDF Text
Text
-
vo.L :t, . ··o• .12
In This N urn berEdgcumb Pinchon
Sydney Hillyard
Emanuel Julius
Chester M. Wright
Eleanor
. Wentworth
.
Lucien Saint
Mildred Bain
Luella Twining
Elsa Unterman
Decorations by
Charles Tracy
J. A. WILLIAMS, A ,·,JIMMY HIGGINS"
(See editorial, page 395)
-Drawn by Charles (Vag) Tracy
�390
f.
rJ'be w :este.rn Comrade
Are Decayed; If Some of them are Missing
-in fact if you have no teeth at all, come to us.
.
.
.
We can: make yours look as . beautiful as the
accom·p anymg .picture wiliout any pain.
.
-
.W e Promise. to Treaf YQu Just Right
On 'P resentation of this Ad. will allow a 5 Per Cent Discount on all Dental
Work Contracted at my office, said 5 per c·ent.~o go to the. Socialist Campaign fund
.
.
CENTRAL P A·R K ,DENTIS'I'S
HENRY M. SILVERBERG, D.D.S.
· 452 S. HILL STR·E ET
Office Hours: 8 A . M ., to 8 P . M.
The Comrades Who Read
The Western Comrade Should
Sunday, 9 A.
M..
to 12 M.
''Wear t.he.Bear Hat''
1; nr1oubtedly; you are thinking of buying a Spring
Suit of Clothes. If you will take $15 or $20 to
W. Hunter and Company
540 So. Spring Street, Los Angeles
You will be tt·eatcd in a manner that will make you one of the boosters fo r HUNTER AND COMPANY
You get t he best in quality FOR THE LEAST IN PRICE when you buy your men 's clothes at HUNTER
AND COMPANY.
- ,
\Ve have a. bea.utiful store and we have the goods that will mak e you glad you decided to deal at
HUNTER AND COMPANY.
-- ---
SUITS
for ·Men
$15
Carefully made by th e best wholesale tailors, esprcially for Hunter 's. The styles are authentic;
the workmanship is excellent; appearance is 1ligni ti ed and businessl ike-in fact, they are the best productions of 'the most skillful and highest priced cutters and tailors in the country.
�The · JVestern Comrade
391
This Strong Letter Endorses the Saving Certificates Issued by this Bank
$100 aving Certificates are sold on the easy payment
plan of $2 a week for fifty weeks, and the
Bank Makes the F_..irst Payment for You
Thou ands of the e Saving Certificates have been sold the
pa t two months- thousands of people have appreciated
the fact that not only are these Certificates a wise investment, but an easy, sure way to save $100.
·•
LABOR MEN-Investi ate this lan. Call or write for
m ·ormatJOn.
Calif'ot~nia
Savin§sBank
·'
�Tlb.e We :tern Comr a de
--------------------------------------------------------~
Send It -t o · ·T HE DAWN
at Santa Barbara~ Califo-r nia, and you w ill receive a
Magazine of Education~ Sociology and Art.
Uni que
in make-up--in subiect' matter--in style--in tolerance.
THE DAWN Has No .,.,Policy''
There are no string~ attached to THE DA'WN.
Its advertisers pay for space--not• for ""silence~"
Rise early--subscribz to THE .DA"WN at One
Do1lar the Year and add twelve volumes of literature
. to your library.
Prince C. Hopkins~ Editor and Publisher.
Sydney Greenbie~ Assistant Editor.
�T
e·
e
t'e-r n Co . r
de
INDUSTRY
Article by C. l\1. W. un Page 414
�Tb e WesterD ComE a de
CAPTURE THE BRAIN
the result of the experiment made and the kno~ lUST a word to those who accept the vote cast as edge gamed day after day by each human b ing in
their sole barometer of social progress. The voti th·e performance of his or her round of labor . Thi
means nothing ; it 's· the brain behind the vote that kno ledge i pa ed from generation to generation,
means something.
aiui when it i cla i~ed and conden ed, it become a
There may be many reasons for a man s voting science. l.i'rom the science of medicine to the cifor a Socialist, and unl~ss he bas the Vision in his ence or' pedagogy, every cience ba ari en in thi
mind he may vote for Socialists a dozen times yet ·way. In this manner the making of pottery gradunever vote for Socialism. .
;
ated from its simple, primitive method · to the highly
Floyd Dell, in a recent number uf Harper's complex methods of today. In thi way the manu\V ecldy, states it well;
facture of cloth developed from the bone needl
"It does no good to capture a man 's vote in be- reed threads of the savaae woman to ~he spinmng
half of a new program, if his mind is full ~f . ant_i . wheel and to the modern loom . . The practical sciquatcd notions which contradict and nullify that ence' of the world has come from the woods, the ·farm,
J>r·ogram."
the miae, the workshop and proceeded to the uniEducation is the foundation of the co-operative ,;ersity, not vice versa.
commonwealth. ·without it" there will be no · coTo say that science is the cause rather than the
operative commonwealth, even though we get all the effect of economic progress i like saying that povotes in Christendom !-C. M. W.
litical economy is the creator of our present economic system instead of an interpretation of it.-
J
Ttl
• • •
.E. W.
MAETERLINCK AND THE POPE
lTli a muffled pop, the pope has placed Maurice l\laeterlinck 's works on the Index ExHEALING THE SICK
purgatorius, which means that the faithful must not
T MAY be surprising to many of the good Chrisbrsmirch their minds with "The Blue Bird," "Monna
tians of -California to know that if Jesus were to
Vanna," or "The Treasure of 'rhe Humble." Sure- come to California and if he were, whil e here, to
ly, :\faE'tcrlinck is losing little sleep ove~ this blow, perform the healing miracles with which he is credas. its result, if anything, will be that the publishers ited in the Bible,· he would be thrown into prison.
will dispose of more of this author's works, for that Yct that is a true statement.
· is what happens when the pope decides against some
There are today many drugless methods of healknight of the typewriter. To condemn "The Blue ing. And the works of some of these drugless pracllit·d" as her etical.would be lil< e treating a humming- titioners would be nothing less than miraculous,
hit·d as a bird of prey, says one writer.- E. J.
viewed in the light of the medical knowl edge· available in the time of Christ . •\nd not only that, but the
THE POSITION OF SCIENCE
medical practitioners of the modern drug schools apECENTI1Y a well-known professor of the Uni- pear to Yiew them also in the light of miracl es-of
vet•sity of ·wisconsin again .expounded that the impossible, or at least dangerous, variety.
lmid fn lsity, which well-known professors of wellln this list is to he found the chit~opractic school,
known uuivet·sities seem so fond of expounding, effect iYely barred from pr·actice by the last California
namely that science is the precursor and basis of legislature. ·It is one of th e crudities of capitalism
economic progress.
that legislators who lmow nothing of science are left
Ju reality the exact opposjte is true-economic to deal with tbe most important of our sciences, havprogress is the preeur. or" and basis of science.
iBg it in their power to either make their benefits
Elaborate theses on bricklaying do not precede aYailahle to suffering humanity or to make the con.
the paiustakinrr and frequent demonstrations of the ferring of those benefits a crime. The Massachusetts
humble artisan of the trowel, nor does mte_nsive colonists who outlawed various "dangerous do~
become a cience until its
w
I
• • •
R
• • •
�T he W estern Comrade
-
395"
'' JIMMY mGGINS'' WILLIAMS
we stood, but one could not have seen the mountains.
E MIGHT have a frivolous and frilly picture Over there m the mountams tne g10ry 01. 1.ue umuof a meaningless face on the cover of The less range of towering peaks_and crags would have
W estern Comrade-but we don't. The pictures been lost and we should have seen only the insigt hat are placed on that cover are pictures that mean nificance left behind; the little spot upon which we
something to the working class.
might chance to stand. In this life there are some
So this month there is on the cover the picture things that we must admire from afar. And it is
of a veteran comrade, known to hundreds of Social- our privilege, though our own station may be a
ists. His name is J. A. Williams. For years t~is -very humble one, to . behold many beauties and
gentle old soul hitS been selling Socialist literatUre. splendors that .are lost to those who live all of their
He began to distribute Socialist literature when it · lives amid splendor and luxury. So, while we plod
wasn't as easy as it is in these days of ··groWing on in the struggle· that sometimes bids fair to crush
r espectability. But the fact that the tide is begin- so mariy of us, let us not forget the vision of the
ning to sweep in full and strong isn't sto"{>ping hill)..: mountain peaks ahead-and there are ma~y, many
He is takiug no vacation: Nothing will satisfy him kinds of mountain peaks. That vision is alway11
hut the complete inundation of capitalism. He goes ours, And it is most beautiful and inspiring to us,
on sellin g literature.
because we see through the eyes of all the people
·w illiams is· twice a veteran. He is a veteran in social vision. Yes, though they take the I food
of the Civil \Yar, and a Yeteran of the world-wide from our mouths and the roof from over our aching
rf•,·olution of the .working class. He is seventy bedies, our vision is always ours !-C. M. W ..
years of age.
His home is at Sawtelle, and he has placed thou- ·
MAKING WALL STREET POPULAR
sands of pieces of literature in the hands of . the
HE powers in Wall Street are beginning to see
other· veterans in the National Home at that place.
the way things are going; they are realizing
In Los Angel es Williams has a literature stand that they are, to use a bit of classic slang, "in bad."
on Fifth street, near 1\[aple. But though his stand What think you! Yes, yes; they are striving to
is there, his business is everywhere. "Old Man Wil~ ''purify'' Wall Street. Listen unto these words utIiams,'' he is called by hundreds who know him and tered at Washington by a powerful member of the
love him for himself and for the work he has done New .York Stock Exchange, Mr. William C. Van
and is doing. And to have yourself known affec- Antwerp:
tionately as "Old 1\Iau \ViHiams " is just about all
''Heresies and schisms come and go; man-made
one might wish for in the way of man's relation to laws appear and disappear; but the human heart
rnanl<ind. And in many a home this sketch on the does not change, and in the last analysis we come
cover will he tr·easured by some one of the family, to know that enly righteousness exalteth a nation.
·who will look at it now and then and say, "Yes, We of the Stock Exchange know this today better
that's Old l\Ian Williams; I got my first Socialist than we ever knew it befor~, and we intend to live
reading from him hack in '93." And we're proud by it thm the years. We shall make many mistakes,
of ': Jimmy Hi ~g ins " Williams.-C. M. W.
no doubt, but we shall stick to our standards andre-
W
• • •
T
• • •
THE VISION IS OURS
HIS afternoon I strolled over the hills with Her
and the W ee Him and the W ee H er. There was
just the hint of a gray haze hovering like pearl mist
in the air. Everything was in half light. The
dreamer could mak e what he would of land and sky
and horizon. W e came· upon the rounding crest of
a hill, all green an d velvety and p eaceful. There we
saw what we had come to see. Far over the low
lands rose th e mi ghty; maj estic mountains, the work
of the Greatest Sculptor. Tod.ay they were of a
d eep blue, soft, alluring, mystic, yet abiding, powerful, supcr·bly strong. Over there in those' mountains
one rriight have looked back to see the valley, and
perhaps the little niTis such as ttle one upon wmcn
T
joice in them, and some day- mark my words-this
great market place will earn the admiration and respect of the whole people.
'' \Ve arc determined to show our critics by our
deeds that the Stock Exchange means something
vital and vitalizing in America, that it is an important adjunct of t he new Wall Street-a broad highway from ocean to ocean, doing its utmost to meet
t he needs of a happy and prosperous land."
This, if you will pardon the bluntness of our
proof-reader, is plain, unadulterated bunk. or, better
still, to quote our "copy" boy, is " ish-ka-bibble"
talk. Can the lion "earn the admiration and respect'·'
of the lamb Y Can th e rooster convince the worm
that it shou ld love the lord of the ,barnyard 1 And
can tfl <n rooster, ilrtlrr , btr"cun·virrcn"d """" ;. ;" ";"
�The Western Comra de
d.tJcy ...to love and honor the threatening hawk' I
·wonder.
·
Of (:OUr~e, it is easy to convince workingmen
that they should respect the owners of their job
th1~ monopoli ts who have become the owner. of
this 1·ountry, and almost every other country. They
Sf·t·m to likP landlords, capitali t , exploitPrs and
paraHitf•!! of all sort!!. The working people have alway!! vot ••d just as Wall Btreet desired. That, how~~vcr, is ~m old, old story-a. old as society. The
sla\'f•K of tl11· Houtlwrn plantation owners· would stiJI
lw t·haf t1·ls if allowed . their own way. for they
Ht~emNI t n ltn··· Hwir bondage. Th e .A mehcan slaves
of today , ltlark and white, have per mitted the money
lords iu \\'all f-ltrt•et to monopolize the rath·oads, factoriPs, minc•s, t<'lr·graph and tc·lc·phone lines-and
t lwy sN·m to lik e it.
Out of f he· suprc•rnc goodnc•ss of tlw ir magnanimou s hr·art,., t hr· angr·ls of Wall Htr('et a r e going to
p u rify Wall Htr<·<·t and <·\·rutua lly makP it as r eRp<·da ld•· and attradin· as ('hristian S cicn<'e, as
whit(' as a lily. as sw<·<·l as a ros<·: The high-min Lled.
g<•rll 1,., !'! <·leolm·ly <·dit or of Th e J nd r p Pndf'nt ( N. Y. ) J,r Ji Pvr•s I hat " th r· Hto<·k Ex<·hange, und er th e leaderr-;hip of a g r·onp of progrl'ssiv r, puhliP-s pirited, selfs~tr·r· ifi r·in g mr·n, is and has h<·<·u for som r tim e past
rnnking- its<·lf' O\'<•r."
This o11ght t o <·nlhtts<· us a ll. Only a rank, nar1'0 \\'-rnind<·d l-'<H·ialist <·otdd possibly sm•c•t' at th r
lofty wotiv• •s that .a<·l11ale th<' \·iqdns of \\"all Str<'rt.
Th<•y slto111d IH· givPn S('ant al.t<'nlion and little reg-a r·d . Thr·y ar·r· tit<· p rstif'Pt'Otts sort \\'Ito t<-ll th r
wor·nt I o h<· snspi<·ions of t ft p idt•alism of t h(• r·oostrr.
'l'lt<·y -"1'<'11 ltavp tltP monnnwrrtal andac it,v to say
that Wa ll f-ltr·pet shonl<l h<' tmrwd into a h11g-<· llathhons<', thnt th <' JWOplP. uot th<· (·apitalists, should
own th<' rnn ehinL' I'Y of wealth <· r f'a tion and that th e
sto<·k (•r r·tifiral <'s aud dividend roupons of thf' ~aints
of t hr Exrhnng<' shou ld hf' nsed to plug np t h<• hol es
in i Pe ~·kins old harn . ·what foil~, ! Littk do t hey
t'<'a li Y-L' that nil \\'ill he w PJl sincr tlw Lor·ds of \\"all
• tr· r t nt'<' goinl! to sprinkk a littl f' holy Polog'nc int o
th <'ir !'! ew t>r.- E . J.
.t.
A
.t.
.t.
SPEARING A BISHOP
!::' l\~ l ' AL, w e had to wait for B ernard Shaw to
<'Olltl' nlon~ with th e k<'<'m>.·t. mo t dit·rpt hlow
at thc hour·!! oi, t Pnd<:>nP_v to\yanl o \·er-cPn ·orin~ ou r
<'njoym<'nl, and pn, time . •\ nd it w a agctiu t no le..
pnnopliNl a JH'l' ouage than the Bi hop- of K en ington ut whom ~ hnw hnrlt>d hi javelin.
.'flw BUtop hnd . nggf' ted. :iu a letter to the Lon-
tjon
He argued that this would summarily
''suga tiYe · and 'objectionable·· ineiden
' He us
he word 'objeetionable • if there w re
a general agreement a to what i objeetionabl nd
what is not
repli
'haw.. trikina th keyn te of
the oppo ition to the fiendi h manner in whi<.'h th
clothed in a little brief authorit~· eem t
eek ut
each opportunity to de!llon trate their uperi r m rnl
fiber and their better judament, alway to th
ing di a~hantage of the "eommon herd. ' Lay n
Bernard !-C. :.\f. W .
... ... ...
T
TOO WEAK TO BREAK STRIKES
.HE London ation, a ccording to \\'il~iam EngIi h Walling in The ~ew R vi w, i on ern d
on a ccount of "the weakn<:> . the po' et·ty, the phy ical and intellectual anaemia of t h e ma. e . '
often wonders how the organiz d work er. pf r a
Britain ~an carry on such magnificient battl , such
r esult-p r oducing st rikes in a coun try wh •r e , many
wret c hes a t·e always to be obtained to taketh pia s
of tl{e str·ikers. The fact of the matter i that the
British {Wo ple are so undermined physically a nd int<•ll eet ually as a r esult of a w ful poYcrty t hat t h e
skilled \\·or·kPr·s know wh en thf'y go on strik e th ir
plae_es ca nnot be takcp. Thi prO\'CS that capitalism
has so w Pai< E"n ed tllf' massrs that it has g iven labor
a strong<•r w eapon with which to d ·feat the power
of wealth. To put it directly: England hasn 't strik •
breakers because it has starYed th e efficiency out of
th e un employed. That, in a great m easure, is the
n·ason for so many labor str·uggl cs and victories in
Gr·pat Britain.- E. J.
... ... ...
I
A CO-OPERATIVE PROGRAM
N TilE first issue of this ma gazi·n p controlled by
th e prcs<'u t • own ers it was d efinit<' ly announc d
that The \\' <:>stem Comrad<· \\·ould cs pous<~ th cause
of co-op eration. At one1• a nurnhet· of artid cs on
<·o-opcration w ere· reef'iv<•<l fo r· puhlic·ation.
areCui study of th em pro\'f'd I h<·m unsuit f'd to the purposrs of this magazine. TltP \\' r strrn Comrad was
st•rking som ething mon• fu rrdanw ntal, something
that rang tru<:>r· t han t he sot·t of thing we have known
as co-oper·ation. In short t he magazine was seeking
fot· the principle in eo-operation that might he put
fo r·ward as the ultimate. Th e magazine was seeking
for tiH• . cientific principle that must underlie that
<"O-operative program whi<·h i.e; to triumph. 'ro endea\·or to furthe r the work of those co-opc1·ative ,
with the wrecks of which the path of history is
trewn, however sincere and sacrificing th ir expo-
- 9ll L'w·n~~~·~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~LW~·~kw=~--~
('l'll or nothiua n ew be permitted in the line or ac-
�•
The Weste r n Comrade
the artie~bed by 'l'be
Western Comrade in this issue we believe Edgcumb
Pinchon has laid down the scientifically correct principl e of co-operation. \\' e believe this article marks
an epoch in th e progress of th e working class toward
emancipation. Jt tal< es nothing from the value of
those weapons with which the workers have been
. fight'ing, but it opens a path straight down the line
hctwl·en those two and sets them up in their proper
r elationship, eae h t o the other and each to the cooperative eudeavor. With Labor operating throu,gh
or·ganic co-operation to ered within the old shell that
new civilizat ion to whi ch our faces have been so long
tum e~, th e political and the industrial organizations
find tlwir fiPids enlarged and reYivified to an astonishing dl•gree.
So it is that Th e W est ern <;omrade feels something of tht· panlonahl e pride of the one who disco \·er·s a diseo\·er·er·. Comrade Pinchon makes no
,. Jaim to l.Jeiul-{ thP discoYerer of th e principle of orl!anic eo-operation. In fad then~ appears to he a
spontaneous outburst all do\\'n th e line of L~bor, with
this great new idea as the inspiration of it all. But,
how ever· lllod est Edgt·ulllh Pinehon may he, he must
he acknowledged as thP first to la y down th e compll't c th•·ory iu a 111anuer· scientifically l'OI'I'ed .
The \Y es!t· r·u Comrade, on the field of co-operation , is definitely I'Uillmitted to the thcor·y of or·ganic
•·o-operation, l'ediug that no other kind of co-operati,·e effort is entitl ed t-o be classed as r evolutionar·y
and fuudam cnt ally eo rTt>tt in· pr·inl'ipl e.-C. l\1. \\'.
.
+lt»t -b-e~n-i-H--..v.a.~n, --ll!-
• • •
AS TO LESLIE'S
~E soon h·al'lls to ex1wct a ll the stupid ity that
mind is t·apa hlP of in the editorials of Leslie's
W eekly. lndt•ed, it is Th e r. . os Angeles Tim es of t he
we ekly periodicals. lts efforts to justify the capitalists in their exp loitation arc funny. "Let th e
thinking people ru le i'' is the motto of this reactionary sheet. Should he changed to read "J.;et the
cunning people rul e.'' That is the only sentiment
that fits its policy-or rath er, la ck of policy.-E. J.
•
•
•
"CELEBRATING" PEACE
H E proposal to ''celebrate'' the hundred y ea.rs
of peace between Great Britain and the United
States meets with sarcasm fro m Bernard Shaw, who
says it would be like two gentlemen ce,lebrating the
fa ct that they had not punched each other's nose.
Furthermore, he adds, l ' ncle Sam and John Bull have
been par·ticipatin g in bl ood less strife for the past centmy, th ere being had feel in gs on both sides, making
0
T
397
little ~ePiy leve there---is-l-ii#e-ltkeliheed ·" . ~
fracas. But, one thing is certain, the Britishers .
have good cause for feeling ir-ritable, considering that
the Americans invariably accuse the English o.f bel.ng
without humor-a most silly charge. Because the
English do not roar over an American 's puns or play
on words, our brothers across the pon(i are accused
of being h~orless. But, if waF were declared on
this issue, both countries would prove for all time
that they fire '':i~hout a sense of humor. war and
humor never make bedmates. One Bernard Shaw
will insure more peace than a hundred dreadnoughts.
-E.J.
• • •
THE CRAZE: \oR FREAKISMS
MERICAN newspapers are no longer interested
in news. There was a tim£: when editors
looked upon life in a sane manner; but, no longer ;
th ey era ve· for "festures." A dog may bite a m·anpossibly it will get two lines. A wise reporter takes
th at story, gives it a twist and has the man retaliate
hy biting the dog--and it gets a column. Miss
Lind-af Hageby, well known lover of animals, was
interviewed recently by a number of New York reporters, who fired questions at her. She answered
to th e best of her ability, and now, she complains
that th e reporters paid little attention to her answers. "Have dogs souls?" she was asked. 'l'he
woman said she believed th ey have souls; and here
is what th e papers printed: "Miss Lind-af Hageby
says kipper ed herrings have souls and warns the
American p eopl e not to eat them in case the h errings' souls come back to haunt people. " All of
which makes an unhappy combination of poor English and a lie.-E. J .
A
....
HOLY MONOPOLY
I N AN editorial, The Outlook says "the two evil
extremes of commerce are unrighteous monopoly
and unfair competition. '' 'rhis leaves it to be understood that there is such a thing as "righteous
monopoly." · Will ,Johnny, in the third grade, kindly
rise · and set the editor right 1 How can the beef
trust ever turn its monopoly into a righteous institution Y A qu estion, indeed. The only "righteous
monopoly" that we know of is when th e p eople own
the tru~ts. Any oth er monopoly is wrong and is
damned to oblivion. And, by th e way, how can
there he such a thing as "unfair competition" when
we ,.Jwve "umighteous monopoly" a nd when, like
th e snakes in Ireland, th ere ain 't no competition Y
__ -a~' eMe elelu:ation " n t•iili culons farce Of cou.rUl.JS~P::,_____!,H!:!al.!t.!,h!.Se:!.t'_s.u
::~n---A.!
ino!.\~.'oil.!lw.v..!<P··..u...
cl..I.Jnlbl!lll~ecS1.s't..l:.!i~
oni.,_ihil.!ml.ll..
t. -U.I
nlf>"'-k
rt:.u
iin.~J
l Pi.U.I
n t..,.....~nwlei<..l:..lvea.:.
r·- -4f--this is somewhat extreme, for though there has been th eless.- E . J.
�The W ·este r n Com r ade
39~
--------- -
WHAT DO YOU SEE?
B.y CHESTE R M. WRIG H T
,H
Our work, whensoever and wheresoever
we would do good, Is to
open to men the gates
of life.-George D. Herron.
AVE you ever wondered how adequate your vision of the Coming
Time is f
Have you ever soberly set yourself to p icture to the full
the glories, the great, impressive artistry of the ·Life. to be lived
m th e Tomorrow ?
Does the coming of Socialism mean frimply to you a work day of. but
four
OI'
fhc hours '!
Docs it mean to you: just a guarantee .of a job? Does
it mean to you only a more secur.e existence~
Or, with those things, . do you
pictmc thr :\Torning of l\Tankind something as Philip Green Wright visioned
it wlirn he wrote:
,\ rt shall ren ve when men shall do for joy
A ntl not for hire; all labor shall be art,
And art shall be man.'s labor in that day.
'
Somdto\1·, th r song of this poet brings breadth to the vision; it brings
that soul satisl'attion without which the Dawn cannot be complete. If
not all of us f•a n pi cture it in just that way it is because th e terrible wrenching and grinding of Today has choked the music in us and blinded our
ey 1·s to the IH·autiful ; because the strain of tl! c struggle has deadened our
souls to the inspirations that come with liberty.
But aftrt· we have rested a bit in the Budding Spr·ing we shall awaken
again to the strong, d ee p stt·ains of music that run through all labor and
bind all humanity. 'Tis strange, pcrhap~, that we turn back the pages of
Tim e's ·writings for proof, but strange or not, we find it there. In the
wonder creations of the workingmen of old, the unbound men who wrought
in song before money gripped the world, we find the choicest soul exp;-essions of all time. Jt was then that were fashioned the most beautiful
struetur·cs; the cathedrals that ca use wonderm ent among us today; the
fabrics that .o m l\fonry Masters bring to d ecorate their homes in preference
to the slave creations of today; the deathl ess sculpture and canvasses; the
classic lines of Goth and Greek in stone, after which we can model, but
upon which we cannot improve, though millionaires strew their dollars to
the wol'id 's ends in sear·ch of brains for hire; it was then that mankind
created most beautifully.
Oh, y'\'[orning of the Morrow, brin g us a chance to work, bring us security
agains!' want, bring us here an~ there a r est time and a play time, but
above all, surmounting all, overshadowing' all, bring us LIFE. Let us turn
loose out· souls and let us sing into our daily work the songs that have been
crushed back into us for lo, these many weary ages. Bring us LIFE, oh
Tomorrow! Then will we show to the gods what a world we can build!
,
And this freedom will
be the freedom of all.
It will loosen both master and slave from the
chain.- Edwin Markham.
Lo, before us gleam.
her campfires! We ourselves must Pilgrims be.
• • •-James Russell
Lowell.
�T h e W e.s tern C om r a d e
-u NEMPLOYED!
A
IB
399
By Sydney .Hillyard
l\'IIDST· a:ll the hot air that is blown on us by mayors, legislators, c~n
gressmen and the like about the unemployed, and amidst all the
charming advice which the charity organizers pass across along with
th e old shoes and skilly, there is one taing t hey never seem' to find time to
<1 iseuss, and that is, what is the half-cdppleq laborer to do .?
rr the highway and .down th~ tra,ck ·go· the unemployed. They pack a
roll of hlankets through the rain, and sleep in them under a warehouse floor
or· in a deser·ted backhouse at night. Amongst this solemn funeral ·procession
are many who, though they can work a part of a d~y, cannot work a whole day.
What is suf'h a man to do 1·
Our glorious country is happy to furnish hundreds of thousands of eighthour jobs, t en-hour jobs, twelve-hour jobs, hard jobs, bad jobs, worse jobs,
and no johs. But where is their partially-cr·ippl ed man to hunt for his twohom joh, four-hour joh, or six-hour joh ? WJ.at shall he do when it comes
timr to rat ?
Our magnifirent railroads, in the tw enty-one years from 1888 to 1909,
injurrd 812,181 nwn. This does not includ e the killed. Add another 82,000
injur·pd in l'Oal rninrs. Add a similar maiming and crippling going on in
,.,·l'ry othrr great industry, and then put the question: Where are they1
Thry ai'(! right here, rever end broth er, lool\ing for a job they can tackle,
and there isn't one. 'l'h ey need four-hour jobs; we have nothing but tens
and twelves to offer.
Bhrurnatism , luug trouble, swollen vein:;;, weak heart, partial paralysis,
anat•rnia, lumbago; add th ese occupational diseases. to the accident list and it
hrcomcs a safe het that very few of your unemployed on highway and on
t ra r k arc physically sound.
Thousands of th ese men c:m stand to work four hourstll who; at the end
of t ,,·r lve hotu·s, would drop fr·om exhaustion. In Heaven 's .na.me, how many
business men in California's Chambers of Commerce a.re fit to do a twelve-!
hour day in the steel mills., or a ten-hour day in dripping, soaking mine, or:
an eight-hour day with a pick and shovel under a ~uly San Joaquin v&.lleY'
sun? And yet , if they chance on a laborer who cannot, they bawl out, "Hobo!"
P r·i·Yate enterprise cannot masticate the flotsam and jetsam of society. It
cats up on ly th e hcst food . It's teeth ar·e so rotten and S? uneven that it can't
chew cripples. It has to spit them out.
But California needs roads. She needs them badly. And these tens of
thousands of maimed men and half-men can boulevard every road in t he state.
Can we not, even without a Socialist Governor (although we won't have long .
to \Yait ), demand that t he state employ every man in road building who asks
for worl< ? Road camps in every county should employ by the hou r, pay by
t he hour, feed by the meal, house by t he night, and let every man be his own
at·biter as to how long he can work. Only thus can your half-crippled laborer
!rave a chanee. Only when he has established this may your business man
begin shout ing " Hobo !"
] f society can use the man who can only work two hours, four hours, or
six !tours, why should he wandel' around in aimless, wasteful idleness 1 Someone has to keep him anyhow. Is that not so f
�400
The West.ern Comrade
- - A-~-- -1-ntervlew With August RehelBy LUELLA TWINING
r.I:J!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'I IIEN the Jnternational Socialist Congress
adjournf'd, w e left immediately for Berlin, where Alexander Kollanty, a bril~
liant Hussian comrade, offered to show
us around. Nl:ltum~ly, we fi1·st sought
August 13PIH'I, hut wiH~n we arrin>d at
th e HPi1·hstal! he was not there, . so a·
!-:irwi;dist deputy eondueterl, ns to the
gallt·ry to \l'ait for him. I forgot onr mission from the
t·XI·it•·ulf·llt of s<·l'in~ so llli:lny Sot·ialist depi1ties in parliHIIH·nt. Sudtf<.nly I wr~s J'<•<·<tll<·d . Soinething had
hapJwll•·•l. Till' p•·opl•· ros•· <·x•·itedly in their SPats.
'' B !' l>~·l ~ Th .. rt· 's B•·IH·I! ·· •·Hill... fr·o111 lllHliY ppr·suns.
E,· ,~ ~·yhody l<·<lllf'd o,.,.,. •·agt·rly to St'l: him.
TIH·JI . I sa\\· illl old lliHII with mag-nifi,·<·nt \\·hit e hair
\ndk lljJ till' ;~isl··· ('n!ll!'adl' Alw ('allan, or tiH' ~r·w
Yor·k \'<>1'\\';H·rts, s;~id B<·hr•l's wondr•rful \\·hitt• hair
;tttr;~..tf'd hint rirst.
lt mndP H<'hf'l's h•·at1 tlw most
Jll'olnin•·nt or11· ill th e Hr·i..l1stag.
\\'<' i-Wppos,·d liP \\·ould l11· too ln1sy to s<'l' ns. hut
Sl ' lll. down Oil!' •·ards. IliOn· fo1· t lit• pi<'HSIII'" uf it t han
till: hnJH'S of st·<'ing hi111. ln1a-gi1w our d<·light when wr
r<·•·••i\'(•d \\·ord that ('o1urad•· Behc·l would R<'<' us in tlw
lohhy 1 \\',. l'nsllf:d do\\'n ;! nd soon sa\\' him approal'hlllg'. lie look Pd c·XiH·tly likt· thr pil'!un•s WP l1an' of
him , so hy illlil!{ining th<· white hair one knows t·xadly
how ht: was. llis plain fat·c was illu111inatrd by the
smil r with \\·hi,·h he gl'CPt<·d us. Kindlim_> ss nnrl simpli<:ity was the at mosph ere.
1 must say the r·onven;ation "·as •·ar-riPd on "·ith
Jif'fi<·ulty. Comrade Hebel spoke not a word of English ,
while 1ny (;pr·man is l'Pmarkahly pigcony. lie was kind
r·11ough to say hP wished hr <·oul<l do as well in En!!lish,
hut that was no eonsolation, for· I was anxious to draw
out of that deep WPII of knowl cdgr. and rxper·il•ncr inspirat.ion fo1' a lifetim e. J luww l would n e\'rr see him
again aftrr· leaving Germany.
1 thanked him for his . "Wom(•n Und pr· f'oeialism''
and told him how mul'h t he Amrriran eomradt>s apprt'ciate that great work He smi led . "]t cost me the
most lahor of anything 1 ever und ertook," he said.
What inspiration to wom en Socialists rverywhere that
the gr·eat Br~ b e l <·onsidrrcd the organization of wom en
so important that his contribution to "them was, in a
manner·, the a pot hcosis of over fifty years of arduous
labor iu th e revolutionary movement!
We chatted with him for nearly an hour, uotwithstandin we felt uilt lmowin he was really needed.
The fo llowing, in r egard to ·leaders, lin gers in my
memory as being thoroughly character·istie of the man:
m
"The German Socialist movement has no ·leaders now
since Paul Singer and WiHiam Liebknecht are gone,"
he said.
''In the U1:1Hed States we tl:link you are the German
leader,' < I replied.
He sl\ook _hi · head, smiling. '' Well, we do not need
leaders. Years ago the German Socialists used to look
to leaders, but now the rank and file leads itself; and
that is the .way it should b e," he said, triumphantly.
"How· do you _account for th e changes ?" I asked.
"Education and. organization, literature, Socialist
Sl'hools, newspapers and magazinc's arc the lever. "
As he talked, he grew euthusiastic. His face was
<~tlam e . 1 saw the man who has so influenced German
soeiety. ·
'
\\'hill' in Europ<', ] saw that simplicity is the k eynotP of gr·e~tttwss. Did you e\·er notice that people.
shout_in the in\'l'rse ratio in " ·hich they are greaU It
is apparent ev f•n in the cemetery. In Highgate (London ) unknown p e t·sons arc remembered with long
po(•ms, whil e Kad l\Iarx and Ile r·bcrt Spencer rrst under· mar·hlc· slabs upon which ar·c inscribed only the
name and date of birth and drath.
f'olll rade Bebt>l !1t>ld _.\ mericau wom rn in high reg-;ml. lit~ thou!(ht tht'Y led thP world. I wish w e deS<'l'\·ed it. hut l honestly beli eve the women of GerlllilllY. l'\ or·wa y, Swed en, Denmark and Finland are
n!lwh mo1·e ahiP.
Dehel brgan to trll us of th e extent of Socialist
S!'lltimt•ut in the Germall army when a deputy anuounee<l lw was needed, so we bade Comrade Bebel
fa1·ewPII. lie invited llS to call him out \Vh enevcr we
wanted to, hut suffic<· to say we did not avail ourselves
of his ill\·itation. TlowP \'Pr, I did call on him a few
days lat er, and when I a~kcd for Bcbcl I was ushered
ttpstait·s with as much crremouy as though he had
ht•t•n the Kaiser·.
Comrade Brbel is gone. ln servicr of mot·e than
fifty ~'Pars. h e built a monumeut not of stone, . but of
h r;Hts. o f truth , and of the solidarity of the working
elass. lit• is not dl'ad, .hut liHs in the spirit of the
working class.
HE WONDERS WHY
llr built the road,
With othrrs of his rlass he built the road,
~ow o 'rl' it, many a weary mile, h e packs his load,
C'h11siu y a 'oh s mrrcd on b;y hun er 's oad
Irt' walks and walks and walks and walks
And wond ers wh y in Hell h r built the road.
�The We s .t ern Com r a d e
___T_h_e
.I :]
401
New-Eactor in the Class Struggle
By EDGCUMB PINCH O N
T is now some sixty:six years since
Fifty years of this process had culmiriated, in 1848,
Europe shook to the thunders of in the creation of a new class of workers-the industhe Communist Manifesto of Marx and trial proletariat. · Without education, save the most
Engels.
That Manifesto is the most rudimentary, often, indeed, without the ability to
6
important document in history, the read, W.ithout books, withot:it a labor press, ground
fundam ental Charter of all future civili- beneath th e. ·P,itiless heel a£ the wildest competitive
zatiou. It r evealed, in a blinding .flash, c~pitaji m, ;without rights and without a voice, without
th e yawning chasm which rends society unions . or any form of industrial organization worth
ltSllJ)(J<•J• into 11 master class and a slave class. It _the name, Witbouf :poiltical party:, with W!liges SO low
r• ·,·palPd th e origin of that chasm, traced the history tha they ' suffi.ced only for the barest necessities of
"r its ('\'('1'-\\'ideniu g dt>Yelopment, and announced th e life, th~ industrial proletariat of 1848 sounded the
ltis torieal mission of t'he slave class to b e th e total lowest d epths of ' human slavery, wretchedness and
;ti>tdit ion of that y<nniing chasm b etw een class and h elplessn ess.
··lass. and t ht> wPidin g o f me'n into th e Co-operative
Out of 'such . conditions as th ese sprang the Com( 'ontntoJJ\\'('<1 lt h of ::\1 an . In its enunciation of prin- munist Manifesto- a :1 \fanifesto breathing in every line
c·i pl•·s it is a doc um ent of all time . . But in its enuncia- the bitt er r evo't of th e enslaved , who sa.w before them
tio n of' tht• measures hy whieh those principl es w ere but one possible avenue of redress-th e ballot, which
to Itt · wrought into aetua lit ies, it was n ecessarily th e th eir mastc1·s had heen compell ed to give them for purrc·llt· x of' tht• partin!lar soeial conditions ' obtainin g Jn poses of th r ir own. •
l·:t tro]w in 1818.
Political action was, indeed, the only hope, the sole
What were those eouditions 'I Th e discovery of conceivable l'ecourse, of the revolting proletariat.
,ka nt as a soun·e of p o\YCJ', and the application of coa l
I... ct us now consider the condition of the working
tn its pr·odtwtion, whidt began towards th e c~d of~~·he. _2ass. today;_ with more pa.rticular reference to the
c·i:,.dtt et·nt h (· t·n1ury , ga\'C rise dur·ing th e ensu~ w9rlung class of th e U nited States, and seek to discover
y•·a rs hl a 1t'<'JJJt·ndous g rowth of manu faetu r·c by steam - wh eth er chan.g ing .conditions on the fi eld of producdrin·n machin ery , a nd to a co rresponding d ecay of tion show any indications of pt'oducing· changing contltt• old hand -1oolm e1hods of proilmt ion . Th e wol'kers,
ditions on th e fi eld of the class struggle; seek to disnnal >ll' to ow n for· themselvPs these large and eostly cover , in fact, if modern conditions have produced any
tn aehin!'s, alld unahl e to eompete with t hem by th eir n ew faetor in t he r evolutionary process.
uld -f'ashiom•d methods of' hand-tool production , were
From 1848 to 1914 is sixty-six y ears-every year of
c·untpl·ll!'d t o lc·~ve th eit· more or less indep end ent state th e sixty-six an epoc h, a compl ete link of evolution
as naftsnwn and seek employm ent in the mills and in itself. N ever in th e histor·y of th e world has there
t';td ot·it~s. Thus th e mild and p etty exploitation ex erhcen a p eriod of sucb bewildering and gigantic develt·ised by th e 111aster-craftsma4 upon his journeymen opmcnt. In t erms of economic progress, and, therefore,
ltl•(•flm e th e dr·astic and th-orough exploitation exercised in t erms of w orking-class action on the field of the cla.ss
hy th e capitalist mill and factory ownel' upon la.rge
struggle, th e Centralized. Capitalistic society of today is
masses of empl~yes . 'l'h e new and Yast avenues of as r cmotr from th e Competitive Capitalistic society of
wealth which the use of steam-driven machin et·y 1848 as was that soci ety from th e feudal society of the
opened up to the n e·w capitalist class cr eated in th em a th irteenth century.
t'rPnzy of gt:ecd. Mills ~nd facto ri es sprang up as if
It is needless to recount the enormous, imaginationby magic in every city and town, and the now workless d efying d evelopment of power-driven machinery, or
eraftsmen, their wives and even their children were the marYellous in vent.ions in productive processes or
('om p elled , in ol'd er to sustain life, to offer themselves the equally marvellous d evelopments in the ·organizaas slaves to these n ew master·s. Each such former tion of production, which took place in those sixty-six
<·raftsman , now a mill-hand , cr eated l5y th e aid of this y ears. W e are con cem cd solely for the present with
machin ery, a hundred tim es more wealth than he had the changed condition of the working class which has
creat ed formerly by his hand-tools. But he did not r esulted from these developments.
r·eceive this incr eased w ealth. Th e owner of the ·•
For th e darkness of ignorance and the widespread
111achiner r e ard ed tl\is wealth as his r ivate property illiteracy of the workers in 1848, we. have today unia nd paid his employes a wage suffi ci ent' m er ely to k eep
(•Pol tical democracy, It must be remembered, was nstit hem alive for his further use.
tuted by the capitalist class Itself, as a weapon of defense and
offense against the power of the old feudallty.)
J
a
�402
The Wes t ern Comrade
versal free education for the workers from the kinder----- garten
niv r it . For the lack of books and
general lack of enlightenment in 1848, we have today
splendidly equipped public libraries in every city, town
and even village. For the lack of communication between work er and worker-an all-impartant factwhich characterized 1848, we have today the 2-cent
post and a Labor or Socialist journal, or both, in every
community of over 50,000 inhabitants, in addition to
·numerous nation al and international working-class
publications. For the almost total lack of organization of the work ers in 1848, we have today an Inter- .
national Socialist Party polling more than 20,000,000
votes in the world, and . more than a rri.illion in the
[fnited States alon e, and we have likewise.international
and federated unions numbering more th~Ii three times
that number of adherents.
But Yast as a r·c these changes in the condition of the
working class si nee 1848, they sink into insignificance
bes ide anothrr gr·eat change which has occurred concurr·ently with 1 hi•m- the change in the financial power
of the working class.
]t is impossible to speak of the financial power of
the wor·ldng class in 1848. Ther e was no such power.
Today the financial power of the working class is a
wor ld power, soon t o become the dominant world power.
For th e "'~' etc h ed starvation wages doled out to
th e unorga nized and d efenseless workers, both skilled
and unsl<illed, in 1848, and the consequent entire lack
of auything which could be co rrectly desc ribed as
'' working-class funds,'' we have today in the United
States, for exampl e, a seale of wages for skilled labor
whi ch, in rnany instances, exceeds the income received
by prosperous professional men and middle-class merchants in 1he days of Marx; while even unskilled labor
today receives a· wage sufficiently large to p ermit of
small savings. Marx prophesied the increasing impovcr·ishment of the working class, and from the data at
his disposal at that time, he could not possibly deduce
any other· conclusion. He could not possibly foresee
t he magical productivity of modern machinery and the
equally magical efficiency of modern business organization which, in conjunction with the vast growth of
lahor· organ izations, is responsible for the comparatively
high modern wage. In a ·certain sense, however, the
position of Marx still holds true, for the worker today
receives a relatively smaller share of the wealth he
produces than he did in 1848, but the amount he produces is so vastly gr eater than t he amount he then
produced, t hat this relatively smaller sha:r:e he receives
today is yet larger, considerably larger, in actual
amount and pur chasing power , in spite of t he incr eased
cost of living, t han the actual amount of t he relatively
larger share he received in 1848. And herein lies the
y pussibl
t he increasing impoverishment of the workers, which,
Edgcumb Pinchon
under the name of the " r evisionist controversy," has
raged so foolishly in the Socialist ranks of late.
The pl'oof of the . correctness of the position here
t ak en is to be found in the savings banks statistics of
the last half century. In 1848, in England, there were
no savings banks. There was no possible function for
them to fulfill; the working class had not sufficient
surplus to make its c o~ser vation and use by the capital ists, throu gh the medium of the savings bank, a
warrantable und ertaking.
Today, in Germany, ~he deposits of the working
class, considered alone, total, according to the official
figures, no less than $225,000,000. If the figures for the
United States were available, it is safe to assert that,
in view of the higher wage scale of this country, the
figure r epresenting the total amount of working class
d eposits in the savings banks would be even more
impressive. In addition to these enormous · depo.s it
funds of the workers in general, there are, accor ding
to Carl Legien, of the International Secretariat of
Berlin, over $60,000,000 r epresenting union funds qn
deposit in the capitalist banks of the world.
, Again, in Germany alone, t~~ working class h olds
an interest of $550,000,000 in the government insurance
1 wna
r;uo m p r1va e
And since the prosperity of t he
�-T h e Western Com i' a de
403
working class in Germany is no greater than the
In February, 1914, Carl Legien, of the International
-· prosperity-oftne wor mg c ass m ng an , ranee,
ecre ar1a a
er m, ·m com.men mg upon 18 · melScandinavia and Italy, and is less than the prosperity dent, said, ''This should provide new propaganda
of the working class in the United States, it is safe material for the establishm:ent of their own be,nk on
to assert that the working class of the world, in the part of the trades unions .
deposits, in unipn funds and in insu~ance, owns
In England, as these words go to press, is being
literally hundreds of billions of dollars of operat- carried on a vigorous discU$sion and investigation of
ing capital. And, even if we consider the organized this question of the use of the working class flnancial
!'evolutionary working class of the world apart from power.
the working class as a whole, it is self-evident that its
It wou!(l be easy to continue this recital to the point
financial power is a tremendous reality.
of weariness. . ·:Enough has b~en said to prove that
'l'his completes the comparison between the condi- . theory an'd fact .are at one in this matter. Today comes
t ion of the working class in 1848 and its condition in the new wor~d-wide :awakening and· a new, Manifesto
J !)] 4. Between the two conditions- how vast the gulf! -the Organ~¥ Co-operative Manifesto·. Labor, slowly,
.\s Socialists and students of history, we ·know that but with ever-increa~ing speed, is sensing the fact that
n ·e1·y change and development in t.h e mode of produc- a great new weapon. .for its emancipation lies latent in
t ion produecs corrPspond ing changes in the social, its hands ..
ill tcllcct ual and et hical life of soc-i ety, ·and correspondThere is no conceivable doubt but that within the
ing changes on the field of the class struggle. Com- next few years t he organized working class of the
pet it i\·e Capitalism gave rise to political democracy world wil·l have ~akened to its new power, will have
and th e political action of th e work.i ng class; Asso- clearly visioned· the pitiful folly of yielding up to its
,·iatcd, or as it might be termed, Semi-Competitive exploiters the , use of its hundreds of billions of cash
( 'a pitalis1n , gaYe rise to Industrial Unionism. And capital, and will have evol ed a scientific use of that
sl1a ll not a new development arise on the field of the cash capital for its own relatively immediate emancidass strn l!~l c coi'J'cspond ing to modern Centralized and pation.
'l'he next article of this series will endeavor to show
.\ l onopolist ic Capit alism? Shall not this gt·eat new
that ther e is but one possible system by which the
pO\rCJ' of th e " ·ork in g-c lass - its organized financial
power--beco me an ever-expanding factor in the revolu- organized workers can make scientific use of their
organized funds-a system already perfected to the
tionary process ?
Proof that sueh a supposition is not merely war- hand of Labor by Centralized Capital itself.
rautahle in theory, but amply corroborated by fact, is
tu he found on cYcry sid e.•
Jn ScptclllbeJ·, 1912, the r epresentatives of the British Trade Uu ions, th e British Labor Party and the
L· nitcd Board of the British Co-operative Societies met
in joint session to discuss the possibilities of concerted
ac·tion in diverting Labor 's funds to Labor 's use.
Imm ediately following this conference the General
Confederation of Fran c~ appointed a committee to
l'Xfunin e and r eport upon the same proposition.
This is t he title of a wonderful pamphlet
In Jun e, 1913, in Evansville, Indiana, was founded
an organization of Socialists and Union men d edicated
to the proposition that Labor should conserve its funds
to its own use.
Famous Orator and Editor
In December, 1914, th e officers of the International
Unions with headquarters at Indianapolis, decided to •
withdraw th eir funds to the amount of $5,000,000 from
You can get a copy by sending ten
the local banks as a protest against the brutal tactics
cents to The 'Vestern Comrade, Box
11sed against Organized Labor by th e ,capitalists of
135, Los Angeles, Cal.
·
t hat city.
· 1'
This is an ideal piece of literature to
(*As a result of th e writer's articles upon this question
give
that stubborn friend of yours.
during the last eighteen months, letters have reached him
from all parts of the United States, disclosing a widespread
Get it today! Don 't wait! The supply
and intense interes t in this ,question, particularly among the
is limited !
better-infnrrn<>il Socialist!< and the more-ae:e:rPRAiv<> Union
"Can a Catholic
Be .a Socialist"
By Stanley B. Wilson
men. And the Unions of Los Angeles have already committed
. themselves to a policy of conserving .their funds , which
includes the founding of a bank and the establishing therewith of co-operative industries.)
�404
The Western Co·mra.de
Meunier, the £culptor of the Revolution
By C. M. W.
r,;~~==;tEVOLL'TIONI
TS find many vehicles is the manner of it doing. H ere wa not a ma.n standwith which to bring to the world their ing upon a hill to look ~own upon the cene he wished
message. They speak in many tongues. to portray. That wa not his way.
ay
hristian
And p erhaps that is why some revolu- Brinton, ip The Internati.onal tudio, 'It ' a in factionists do not always recognize other tory: and ·forge, in plate mill and before blast furnac ,
revolutionists. '
in coal pit .and quarry, ·that Meunier found hi type
Wagner thunders his message to the .. and courageously cast them into the mold of enduring
world in music. l\1illet put hfs message plastic strength _a nd symmetry. ' Day after day he
on deathless canvases. Hugo, Zola, \\ hitman, Carlyl~, crouched in the mines that he might portray the miner
Debs and a host of others have put theirs on the and tkeir underground toil.
printed page, some in verse and some in prose, but all
And it is the same writer who brings out 0 well the
in eternal fire.
particular thing that gives to Meunier 's work it social
Constant in :\I eunicr has givl;!n his message to the value, that reveals the artist 's true appreciation of. the
world in enduring bronze. As Ruskin said in words, Men of Toil in the terrible struggle of today. Of thi
"All social evils and religious errors arise out of the phase .Brinton says, "The apostle of work in its everv
pi !lag<· of thr· laborers by th e idl ers," so Meunier has . form and .Ptase, he preferred man when he appeared a's
said in hronzr·, " In the sweat of thy face shalt thou an integral paFt of that vast fabric of effort, mortal and
r·at bread."
mechanical, which enmeshes so much of his time· and
:\I euuir·r is of mor·c than usual interest to the &nergy . . He' conceived his laborer and artisan as comworking class of Anwrica at this time by reason of the ponent elements of organized endeavor."
fad th at hiH wor·k now is being exhibited in America.
Of Meunier Robert Hunter, in "Sociali ts at
Till' significant thing about this great Belgian is Work, " says: "In the black countr·y he would lose
t hr· fad that he was a pr·odu ct of La bot· and in his work himself in a mass of miners rushing home from theit·
au intr·rprf'lc·r of Labor. l\'Teunit·r· is just a hint of what work or watch at night superb figures befot·e the flarLahor· yr·ar·rts for· and of wltat it will produce wh en ing furnac es. . . . I know of nothing in sculptur
tlt1• f'IHtins HI'(' finally cast off and the tired feet set that seems to me more god-like tha:n th e head which
fre e to trrad tht• pHths for which they are destined. He he calls 'Antwerp,' symbolizing Labor ; for that i
is just a tir·st glimpse into the inner soul of th e prole- what Antwet·p nieant to him. It is qui et, yet it bt·eathcs
lariat- a promise in the first budding of it:; fulfillment. .of action. . . . It is the fac'e of a conquet·or obeying
l\f aetcrlipck, that other great Belgian, has said of a cosmic instinct; the symbol of the indomitable spirit
Hod in and l\1cunier that they at·e "in our day the sole of Labor which creates from the raw matet·ials of hill
sr·ulptors who have succeeded in seizing· a few of the and valley the necessary products of civilized life. "
significant mom ents, the sublime movements.·'
The love of tlte Belgian worl<ers for Meunier is a
And no one can gaze on l\Ieunier 's magnificent part of Belgian Labor history. '!'h ey did much to help
" Dock hand" without realizin g tluit her·e, truly enough. him over the trying earlier years of his life, th ey took
the sculptor· has caught and held for all of us to see, him unto their inmost places as one with th em- as he
one of those significant mom ents. His "Industry" is was. But however intimate may have been the bond
at once a glorification and a perpetuation of those hetween Belgian sculptor and Belgian Laborer, the
sublime movem ents of which the artist is the inter- workers of his native land were not alone in their apprct ,,., though Labor may iu truth be the unconscious preciation. It is not so long now since the· workers of
creator.
• Genoa, voting their Union funds for the purpose, purMeunier give to Labor a subtle atmosphere of en- chased his "Le Debardeur" in tribute of his q~.emory.
during might, he lends to the work-shop movements of
Just now Meunier's work is being exhibited in
th worker· something of basic _importance. He tears Avery gallery, Columbia University, but we are told
a' ·uy th e pretcn rs of the enemies' of Labor and makes that it is not to remain there, for that would be a sad
th e toilrr· stand forth as he tJ·uly i , the sturdy and loss, indeed, to the rest of the nation. The mot·e a na•
evcrla ting foundation of society. You seem to feel as tion can pour into its soul the inspiration that flows in
you never felt before that here, in the tense muscles its own mystic way from works such as these, the
and th' trainin
inews are the ba e throbs f the n earer it is brou ht to that time when the worl
II
univ rse · t hat if these men stop nothing will move.
be a picture and every stroke of work an added high
llnt greater, historically, than th~ work of feunier light on the Great Canvas.
l
�Tbe Western Comrade
Looting= the N ation's Copper ChestBy .LUCIE
SAl
T
~~~~;~
HE copper lands on which the Michigan eluded from the grant of lands made by the Act of
copper barons have ~ tabli bed a brutal Congress of that date for the Portage Lake and Lake
industrial feudalism do not belong to the Superior hip Canal. Notwith tanding this expr
Michigan copper barons, but to the peo- . exception in th~ granting act, upward of 68,000 acr
pie of the United States. This is :the · which had been designated by the United Stat a
single most important piece of evidence. l!lineral before March 3 1865, including "some of the
laid before the House commit!ee U1 its.' most valuable lands in the copper range of the upper
investigation of the Michigan copper pen~~la of Michi·gan, were certified and approved by
strike. If Attorney General McReynolds 4.as an atom this 'department for the benefit of the Ship Canal Comof consistency in him he will institute a suit ·ror ~h~ pany.
uit. was recommended by this office June 9,
recovery of those lands .. on tbe sound legal gr-ounds 1886, to recover said mineral lands to the United
that the Michigan copper barons have no legal. title States."
thereto.
·
Second, from a letter written in the same year by
Ro not only have the Calumet and Hecla intere~ts Secretary Lamar to the Chairman of the Publ~c Lands
been robbing the workingmen of the " unpaid wages" Comtnittee of the Senate:
which are their due, · but they have been robhing the ' "I concur with the views expressed by the Compeople of the United States of the rich natural re- missioner and the conclusion arrived at by him relasourccs, the conservation and exploitation of which' tive to the institution of suits."
lly the Government would have meant not only fewer
·of course, however, the suits were not started, and
Boston millionaires, but also less misery and fe.wer of course Commissioner Sparks was fired from the
murder·s done in th e name of law and order.
.Government service.
Today the Government is suing the outhern PaThe statement that there exists no legal title to
mOJ·e tha·n 68,000 acres of good copper lands is being cific Railway Company for the recovery of a billion
ve rifi ed hy th e executive council of the American dollars worth of oil lands in Southern alifornia on
Federation of Labor, by the House committee and by ·preci,sely the same grounds as those which Sparks precertain well-meaning but powerless officials of the Gov- sented. If the Government wanted to, it could tomorernment itself. The r ecords are all available; they are row sue the Calumet and Hecla people for the recovery
the recor·ds and documents of a former Congressional of the lands they have been exploiting, and it could
committee and the r eport of ·william A. J. Sparks, one recover them, run the mines as Government property,
time Commissioner of the General Land Office, as well and thus end .one of the fattest grafts which .exist .in
a.s former Secr·etary of the Interior, Lucien Q. C. the nation.
J.;amar. The whole story is told in thesP. two quotaThe Govemment will ac.t if it hears from the peot ions :
ple on .this. Write to your Congressman, ask him to
l!"irst, fr·om p;:tge 35 of Sparks' annual report for sit up and take notice of what is going on, and see
1886:
the wheels go round. If your Republican-Democratic" Lands which had been designated by the United Bull Moos~ Congressman won't do it (and he probably
States as ' mineral' prior to March 3, 1865, were ex- won'.t), elect a Socialist next time.
These
and
Those
By EDGCUMB PIN.CHON
Joyous girls, lightsome girls, reveling in merry joyance in the surf!
Plunging-diving-laughing-splashing-your lithe
limbs gleaming pink and warm!
un-pla h 'd, wave- pla h 'd, laced with sea-weed,
...
decked in purling foam I
Joyless girls, sunless girls, wrestling in weary labor
at the loom!
Trembling-drooping-speechless-speeding-your
frail limbs bloodless, gray and cold!
Gloom-plash 'd, tear-splash 'd, laced with iron, decked
in clinking chains !
And then anon-with listless e es and falterin feet
stumbling down dark alleys to a charnel basement in a slum!
�The Western Comrade
406
at t
QUITE .AN IDEA
T
er
ing. Such r evolutionary doctrine will lead to the
destruction of our institutions and the demoralization
of our social order.-E. J.
H E editor of Life. .is not as brilliant as the editors of The Rip-saw, of The Menace, or of The
~f el ting Pot, but, n ever theless, h e hits upon a good
idea from time to time, which enables me to par~on . EDISON, FOLDING BEDS AND UNIONISM
him for his p eculiar views on women, vivisection and
HJLE it . is manife tly absurd for a p erson to
.Jews.
go to an op.t ician to have a horse shod, or
The editor informs us . that the Foreig~ Missions to visit an astronom er for an authoritative opinion
C'onferenee has gi,·en out figures which sho}v that the on th e tariff, still our Ameri<:an editors do that very
l'nit ed States gi,·es more money to foraigp mi sior~s" thing when they d esir·e to get "eqpy" on things
ill the aggregate than any other sountry. ·
doing. For instance, take Thomas A. Edison 's interAnxi(Hrs to make a \'c• r·y c·onservative estimate, the Yiew in The lndPpendcnt wherein the wizard is
('(litor tiJ<·n ph11·r·s fh:r millions in this count ry below giYrn th e task of ans\\·ering a mrm h~r of quespons
1hc• povr·rty lin1:. " 1\'h~, not inaugurate a movement
on rllan.v subjects. B <'<:a use .l\Tr. ;Edison is able to
to "x port t h<·Jn into IH·a tlwn lands ?" h e rises tore-. cli~(·ns. trr:hnical problems, it d oes not follow that
q uin· (whi eh is the- funny way Hashimu.ra Togo hr· ea 11 he Yer·y eonvinein g on ocial pi·oblems: and
ta lks ! .
. ye1, :Jfr·. Edison talks about unioni ·m with a confi <tuitP an icl l'a . ~Tr. Editor. You hit me in the cll'J1C·e that leads one t o cone lude he must'be talking
ri~t ht plaf'f' whc·n you hump forth the opinion that
about somr sort of carl!llretor. The ed itors will not
tlu·y (t he· fir e 1ni ll io ns ) could be "helped by our forl1esitat<· to take a mall '"ell posted on the science of
l'ign missio nary societies without encroaching upon Hying and have him answer questions on Chri, tiau
1hc· ir prin t ipl e- ua m<'ly. that cha r·ity begins on the
Sc·ic·nee. List en to 1\[r·. Edison:
otlw r• l)ic1P of tlw world." This irleff sh ould b e copy- ·
' ' Th e im·entor tt·ies to mec·t the demand of a cr·azy
ri~thtc·cl hpfor·c ~Tr. Br·y;m sees (a nd steals) it. :Jir.
c·i,·iliza tion. Folding h!'ds ar·e primarily du e to the
Br·yan would most lik ely make t his great principle
oper·ati'on of th e tr·adc union trust, who have raised
all issu e in th e n ext pres id ential cam paign. And it
wages by for·cc, wOI'k one-third less time and do
ou ght to he a ccept ed enthusiastically by the Amerial11mt one-third of the worl' th ry honestly should do,
c·;ur t emperam ent, which seems anxious, in,·ariably, to ancl then go on a strik e one-fifth of th e time. This
c· ross th e street by way of China.-E. J.
raises th e cost of houses; more people have to b e
er·o,,·ded th er ein· to mak e it pay ; and thus a rises 'the
dernancl for foldin g heels."
RARE SYMPATHY
~fro. Edison shou ld kn o,,· better th11 n to make su ch
liE Outlook ( N. Y ). states some facts that are a hs1ml st1ttemcnts. 1£<' shou ld r emember that folding
compelling_ and draws a conclusion that is too he<ls are out of elat e·, havin g been supplanted by
S\rret for words. Th e average t erm of set·vice of the
() is:·t pp<'ar·in g beds. II owe vcr , he is not being accused
125,000 telephone girls in the U nited States is only
of insincerity; j ust plain foolishness.-E . J.
th.r l'e years, says The Outlook. Then follows:
" Th e average number of calls they must r espond
A PROFOUND REFLECTION
t o is 14;0 per hour ; and each call is accompanied by
~RILLIANT, spat·kling editorial writer obfont· flash es of light. Th e continual flashing freJects to the coal porters of London, who .
quently r esults in eye-strain, and this in headache,
stT"Uek while "it " (meaning th e weather ) was cold.
dullness. and exhaustion. "
Th e Out look does not r ecommend, like Socialists, To he courteous and obliging, coal porters should
that th e telephone gi rl s shou ld work fewer hours, go on strike in the summer month , when they will
thus conserving their -i.i ves. It does not t~tand for " incon venience" n o one. Coal porters who strike
hi gher wages so that they will be abl e to purchase in the " 'inter time show lack of culture and r efinehct ter foo d , wear hett er clothes ~md live in d ecent ment. l ee wagon drivers should stl'ike in J anuary; ·
hom es. Nothing of the sort. "Considerate-telephone snow shon le rs should take their strike votes in May
users will bea r these facts in mind and speak gently or June. It should be added, of course, that sailors
en 1mgs go wrong, Is
e u e oceans
Really, such radicalism is amaz- d ry up. -E . J .
... ... ...
·w
... ... ...
T
. .
...
A
�T be' We s te rn C omr a d e
THE ACTION THAT WINS
By ELSA UNTERMAN
r.~
!!!!!!!-!!!~
!!!!!!!!!J
!!!!!!~ N " The Call of the Carpenter" Bouck
did he, an equal share of social paSsion and intellectual
White extols · the remarkable balance insight, the Christian movement could not have been
between intellect and emotion in the . changed by a mere political trick from its proletarian
person of the Nazarene, attributing to natnre ·to·..tt·-religious tool of the Roman Empire. Had
that balance his phenomenal success 4t tire mass of the people _possessed, in addition to the
~
appealin_g to the working people of his propelling ·power of their emotions, the discerning
•
.
time. Possessing a master mind, be pO:wer of intellect, there could have been no Inquisipossessed also a master soul, ·Which, tion, putting countless thousands to death, seizing their
through its wide sympathies and passionate desire for pra-perty--at the same moment .that it pio,u sly declared
liberty, drove the mind to action.
.. it k illed them only for· religious reasons; there could
Tit is splendid balance, so r~rely achieved, between · have ~een no ruthless destru.c tion of the Albigenses; no
t he emotiounl and intclectual natures; as exemplified massac.~;e of St. Bartholomew's Day ; no Thirty Years•
in J csus of N azat·eth, is the thing needed to create a . w ·ar, all enormously enriching the Church or the rulers
111 ass moYcment that will not only be powerful, but while desolating the hopes of the people.
1
productive of a better society as well. Sociology·
On the other hand, had Plato .a nd Aristotle been
t<·al'h rs us that the emotions are the motive power · end,pwed with emotional power as great as their intell~t· hind mass movements, and that the intelect .is the
lectual power, they could never have· been . satisfied
dit'('!'ti\·c agent. As Lester Ward says, "Intellect is ,with society upheld by slavery. Were the intellecnot an impelling but a dit·ecting force. Feeling alone tuals, the scientists of today, moved as deeply by
1·an clt·in:• on th e social train, whether for weal or woe:" ·human sympathy as by the desire to accumulate,
In th r past, feeling drove on the social train fa:r co-ordinate . and · classify facts, they would make a
more fo r woe than for weal, because it was not united valiant effort to create a society in which the knowlwith intell ect. The intelect of all former mass move- edge they have accumulated would get to the people,
mcnts, r eligious and political, was centered in the per- when it would be of benefit to the wol'ld, instead or
sons of n fc \\" lenders, priests, soldiers, or adventurers, lying unused, as it does now.
who played upon th e emotions of their followers,
The-proletarian movement of today must heed what
generally to their own advantage, at the expense of is written in · blood on the path of history. It must
progr·css. Prnctically all r eligious wars, while doling avoid beth the intellectual and the emotional extreme.
out death aud endless suffering to the masses, The impetus which jt needs to carry it forward, it
im cnscly euri chcd th e rulers. The thousands aroused · cannot hope to get from intellect alone, because a mere
to heights of fury against the Mohammedans and per- intellectual concept is impotent to arouse action. To·
''Uad cd to join the Crusades by Peter the Hermit awaken the fervor necessary to the success of a mass
gain ed nothing by their religious zeal, except the movement, it must be bulwarked by a strong emotion.
lo10wledge that they piled up wealth in the coffers
either can the proletarian movement hope to be carof tl1eir lords. Th e mass of t he people, by the fire of ried to success by merely prodding the feelings of the
their passion, won the French Revolution for the bour- masses, for without the guiding light of .reason, the
gcoisie, but not for themselves. The workers won t he feelings are JUSt as prone to lead to a deeper abyss as
Revolution of 1776 for the American middle class, only to lead out of the present one.
to ha vc the bm·dcn of exploitation strapped the t ighter
An ocean liner, plowing toward its goal on a dark
to th eir backs.
n_ight, relies equally on the engines propelling it
The control which r eligion has exerted over the through the waters and on the bea.con light illumining
masses, simply because it controlled their emotions, its way.
.
The proletariat, to reach the goal toward which it
is a matter of common knowledge. Religion has been
a. dynamo which caused countless wars, hideous blood- is striving, needs its emotions as .a driving power, and
shed, th e r eorganization ..of -empires, the erection of its intellect as a guiding light. If undue stress is laid
t empl es but added nothing to the material or intel- · on the one or the other, it is doomed to failure.
lectual welfar·e of the world. 'fhe ·s tupendous power
of the emotional energy concentrated in r.eligion is
Renew your subscription promptly. If you let the matter
the world.'s gr eatest marvel; its wrong expenditure delay then you will be taken from 1.he mafUng list. The
r ·
M!ate
ge
s
om
blteTVes your cnnt1llul!4 trlends
Had each of the followers of Jesus possessed, as come across with that renewal.
.
.
,}
a
�408
The Western Comr ad e
By EMANUEL JULIUS
THE 1914 REVOLUTIONARY ALMANAC
p~ilosophers and. fashionable female parasites may
There has come to JTIY desk a stran ge book of icon9- always be seen at sympl-iony concerts, exhibitions, lecclasms which is called " Th e Revolutionary Mmanac,'" tur s on ponderous abstractions and stage productions
edited hy Jlippolyte Havel, and sold" at .50 cents by ofibsen and Sbaw, ·but these persons do not count. I
The Hahelais Press; 27-29 Bo\.very, New York It con- repeat,· th_e only r eal lonrs of music and literature are
tains many interesting d rawings in the styfe of the .·• those who come from the p1·oducing class. ·workingPXtrPmely modern school by artists of c_6mpelling men c-r eate the music-usually they · are members of
tal('nt, poPms by good, had a~d indifferent poets, and . labor unions, and they are so conscious of th eir position
art ides by mcu and women who can write, who can 'that they a1;c not avet·sc to becoming affiliated with the
think , ('\'(•n though . they do not always convince.
Amer_ican Federation of Lahor. George Brandes) in his
ll crt· <m~ some of the writers who have "_.piece~" . thought-provoking essay, "On Rea:din·g," justly s1:1ys
in this "Book for· Hehels in Social Life, Art, Science that "outside the ranks of scholars, a strong .and pasand Lit t>ra ture," to quote the adve1·tisement writer: sionate love for r eading is felt, in the main, only by
La feadio Il ram. :\lark Twain, Benjamin De Cas- those who han• neither th e time nor the means for its!'r(·S, :\laxim Gorky, Vidor ·Hu go, James I-Iun eke1·, the lower middle· class artisans and workmen. Among
:\lauri,.,. :\laeterlin,·k, Gt·orge Gissing, 'Salt \Vhitm an, 'the latter there is st ill to hr found that thirst for educa)JarJ.!ar·ct II. Sanger, F1·edPJ'ich Nietzsche, Ricardo tion whieh distinguished th e wealthy bourgeois classes
Flores :\lHgon, William C. Owen, Theodore Roosevelt, a hundred years ago, though it was so quickly slaked.
H enry George, Richard Wagner, Gustave H erve, Peter · 'l' he same might be SHirl of the workmen's p assion for
Kropotk in, Emma Go ldman, Elisee R eclus, Alexander music. Th e non-produecrs are great book and art colB"rkman and Hemy cle Gourmont.
lectors .( because they haYe t he means ) hut they are
Probably th e almanac's most delicious bit of satire poor book and art creators. They leave that little task
is " Tiw Guardian of :\To_rals," depicting beloved for the produ cing class.
Anthony Comstock in a most ludicrous light. Th e
Superficial thinkers are in clined to th e opinion that
artist dresses the pestifrrous Saint Antho~y in an the arts are prod nets of the so-call ed cultured classes;
amusing cost unw with a fig lPa[ at th e plHce Anthony th e view is erroneous. 'l'he cultured classes-so-called
appPars determiued to k eep it. Th e picture is a joy. -ohtain their cu lture by dabbling in the creations of
H I ever mf'et th e artist I shall buy him a chocolate ice the poets, composers, musicians and artists of the workeJ'('a lll soda.
ing dass .• So far, a1·t. whil e produced by the workers,
Th e worst thing jn th e almanac is an abortion undet· has heen th e pl easure a nd pastime of the rich. Painters
the caption of" Election. " It is crude, silly and offcn- have eonr·eivecl soul-inspit·inig pictures, but they have
sive . . Th e artist who conceiYed it was unwPII , and the been tak en ~rom th em and placed in the palaces of
editor who pHssPd it was asleep on the joh.
th e rich. ln other word s, th e joys of a class have been
Of course, rebellious individualism runs riot in this taken to ,make easier th e lives of the rich. Art has
almanac. -Lots of th e stuff in this hook is th e usual been stolen from the workers. But all this is changing,
matter that comes from Anarchists-stuff that leads and wher e art ha s bern a1~istocratic, it is now being
nowhere. This book, if it does anything, helps prove democratized . l\1usieians do not ca re to create beauthat Anarehists are Intellectual Pollywobhles. But, in ties for anyon e but the p eople; artists would rather
spite of it s erud e anarchism, its poor press work, its sre th eir paintings hang on th e wails ofpublic galleries
stupid proof;reading and its contempt for th e union than in th e homes of th e rich; sculptors would rather
label, th e a lmanae is a vefy fine pi ece of work.
see th eir statues adorn th e highways and avenues of
* * *
citi es than have th em used to merely beautify the lives
and homes of capitalists and aristocrats. The rich book
THE NICE STUFFcollectors have giH~n way to the public libraries. Poets
The only r ea l, worthwhile appreciators of art come would rather have th eir books circulate among the
1Qr,~~p~e~o~p~etT1~a~n~~a~v~e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
seekers of super ficial
arnateur
th e di ll etante.
In
�The We s tern Com r a de
409
__Eiv e H11n d red
T
HE WESTERN COMRADE is engaged in a task
that should bring to it the support of every
thinking Socialist in the West. · These two facts
are '"ith us constantly: Th e printed word is of service
on ly when it is read; to get it read it must be put
whe.re there are people to read it.
.i\Towhere else do reading people congregate in such
numhers as in the public libraries. The first flash of
this thought earrll· when a comrad e sent a dollar all
th e way from :Sa lt Lake City, asking that The V.1esterii
Comrade be sent to the pu blie library in that city for
a year. That co111rade knew how t o fight. And the
lesson has not been lost on us.
For now we " ·a nt The \\"este rn Comrade placed in
:iOO lilm1r·ips in thP West-and yes, in the East, too,
for· thnt m:ltt<·r·. But esJWl'ialiy do we want to have
the nragazirw placed in SOO W estern libraries. Espet·iall,v is it our· appointl'd task to help in the winning
of' th<' West.
Thl' puhlit· lihrarit•s offer a great . opportunity.
Th ousands and thousands of non-Sol'ialists v-isit public
lihntries en·r·y day in eYcr·y ('ity. They go there to
r·t·atl books and magazines. W c want The \Yestern
Comrade there when they go there. Nor 1!-re w~ · alone
in that wish. A comi:ade who wished .especially to
express his appreciation of the magazine, after reading the last number, ordered the magazine sent to
twenty-five libraries, and· h e paid the bill. Twentyfive libraries .for a year! Splendid! But there are
librarie. · all over the West to be reached, and twentyfive is but a .st.arter, though a fine oue. Later on· we
shall publisli· the names of all liliraries to which magazi~es are sent by earnest Sociaii'sts, and we shall publish th names of those who do this _great wOTk. Meanwhile, t~e · essential thing is that the work be done.
This mdnth we should add an even hundred libraries
to the list. Will you subscribe fo r one library 1 Will
you put one missionary in the field 1 Let us hear from.
you at o~ce, so that we may begin the subscriptions to
these libraries now with this number. The sooner we
educate people' to Socialism the sooner we . can throw
the capitalist off . our backs. \Yill yo.u send a missionary. l't 's only a dollar per missionary, and the
mission.ary .w ill 'stay on the job for a whole year. Will
y ou start your missionary off for the field of action
t oday ?
Feminism -and the Trend. Towards
Democracy
By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
III. Th e P ea<·ernak er
" It is oppos.i twn that br·ings things together·. Th e
hiud en harmony is better· than the open. " -H era clitus.
~~~\
~,~~~
. ~.!!!'II HE
genml conccpt;on of Fem;n;,.n ;,
that it is a philosophy, a movement brnt
on cr·eat ing disharmony between men
and women; th e F eminist is thought of
as ~ ·w oman striding mightily across the
ear th , hatchet in hand, a scowl on her
countenance, scanning the horizon for a
glimpse of that baneful rniscr eant- lllan.
Even persons who are best informed on other subjects
think that this modern woman 's movement is based
primarily on hatred ; t hat its chief purpose is to
awaken sex antagonism . Far, it::~deed, are they from
discerning the real spirit behind it. Their ey es are
still so dazzled by th e new light that'they do not see
that t his woman , the F eminist, carries not a h:a tchet
hut an olive branch.
Since the earliest beginnings of recorded history,
1her·e has been no real harmony between men and
ened.
r elation
The supremacy which men enjoy in human affairs they
achieved by antagonizing the interests of women. Manmade ethi cs denied to women equal freedom of action
and equal opportunity for development . and expression; man-made lawf!l declared that th e p ersons of
women and the persons of their children belonged to
men; man-controlled industries were surrounded by
harriers which excluded women from every ·kind of
labor except low-grade labor. Th e ages of man's domination have been ages of separation and misunderstanding for men and women. The thought world and
work-a-day world in which men lived was unknown ta
women. The narrow physical world in which women
lived perforce was despised by men. Each sex .w as
ignorant of and unsympathetic with the life of the
other, except as they were brought toget.h er b'y a phys·ical emotiop.
The greater the subjection of women, th e less the
sexes have in common. During th e latter days of the
'tlory of Athens, when the lives of its women were most
hedged in, the sexes had so little in common that even
�. 410
The Western Comrade
Between the men and women of the Orient It comes to bring democracy into that relation as otl_~er
ef eemmen stPi¥iag, mevements have d9ae to bring demo(Waey , into our
common hoping, commop working they know nothing. political and industrial relationships.
Only historians of more than average ability and
Where the man a,nd woman have been separated
unusual tenderness of conscience giv~ us any hint of by different labors, he leading the world with his
the tensity in the relation between men and women. achieYements, while she of necessity hobbled slowly beJt took a John Stuart Mill to frankly reveal the n et- hind , p erforming dull tasks with duller tools, the Fcmwprk of laws required to chain down the antagonism inist Movement comes to create a ·splendid solidaritycaused by cmdc injustices. It took a Mary Wollstone- men aJ?d wo~en working sid'e by side for common aims,
crnft to tell the world that tire boasted "harmony" inspir~ng e~ch other. Where they were separated by
Jwt WPen men aiHl women was of the sort that . exi~ts diffet:ent. ideals, lle pursuing t:he elusive phantom of
hctwl'cn a hold-up man and his victim while the form·er personal glory, she measuring.tbe world by the narrow
has his r-evolve r· firmly pr~ssed against the' ribs of the .. boundaries of her ~~~use, it comes .to awaken a common
lattrr; \nlS of the sort that existed between:the Romans ideal-a·'joyous humanity.
and t hP .1l'\\· s of Palest_ine while th~ Roman .soldiers had
'l' he F-eminist' hopes for th e time when human beings
thPir m·apons drawn; was of the sor·t that existed be- need not )ook to the love life of the hummingbird and
tw1·<·n thP nPgro slav1~ and his master while the raw- the or.i ole .for sweet comradeship. She anticipates the
hid1• hung in th<• air.
day when men and women will say to each other with
Th .. FPminist says with H eraclitus that th e hidden .glorious con~ence, as Pandora said to Prometheus,
harmony is hl'tler than th e open. She cares not a fig
"Whith r· thou goest; there even now I stand; and
ery thee to me.,.,
fo r thP harmony th at to become apparent must be annouHc·Pd with I he tlarc of hr·ass and cymbal. Rather
dol's she• hope for a hannouy in life like the harmony
A WORD ABOUT MUSICIANS
of a summ er's night when a myriad creatures declare
Beethoven-greatest of all music-philosopherswith thr· quivering Yoicc of silence that there is peace.
came from the German peasantry. It was Beethoven
'l'hl' li \'<'S of the men and women whom we see about
who r efused to uncover in the presence of royalty,
us daily , amply dt' monstratc the presence of very t hough his com_panion, Goethe, doffed his hat, we are
markPd antnl-{onisms. Our· modern drama and fiction, told by Jam es nu·neker. Bach earned .a meager living
ns though to atone for the long si lence concerning the as organ ist in a humble ·church. Richard Wagner partru l' state of affair·s, devote three-fourths of their time ticipated in the German workmen's revolt at Dresden.
to piduring the intense suffe ring caused by lack of Luckily, he escaped, while his companions, Roeck el and
comm on ground upon which men and 'Yomen rnay ':\Iikail Bakunin, wer·e imi?risonecl. Wagner's operas
mef't in th Pi r·. marTied life and also to the f riction express the aspiration of labor; they sing the phieawwd hy the submersion of the woman's life in the losophy of revolution.
mau 's. ]n th e field of the drama we have Ibsen,
St r·indherg, Shaw, l3rieux, Masefield, Suderman and
countless other·s depicting various phases of the difA COMMENDABLE MOVE
ficu lty. l•'idion writers d ealing with the subj ect a re
innumerable. In passing it is only possible to mention
T HE Central Lab~r Council of Los Angeles has;
by unanimous vote, given its endorsement to
a few of them: David Graham Phillips, Booth Tarkth c savings plans of the California Savings Bank,
ingto n, Elizabeth Robins, Cicely Hamilton, Charlotte
and recommends t hat members of Organized Labor
Perkins Gilman are aruong the best known. Among
should not hesitate over taking advantage of the
the poets Max Eastman and Max Ehrmann are not to
be over·looked.
splendid pr·oposition offered by this popular bank.
Th e Califomia S~wings Bank has always been
Rince disharmony already exists between men and
•
friendly to the labor movement, never missing a
wom en, it cannot he said of t he Feminist :M ovement
chance to lend all possible aid to its many v·entures.
that it comes. to create disharmony. On the contrary,
, .
It is not often that a bank is endorsed by a labor
it comes to lll·ing peace. 'l'hat it intensifies the situabody, but t his action is not surprising, considering
tion for· the mom ent, non e ca n deny. But it does so in
the many favors the California Savings Bank has
the same way thnt Androcles for the moment intensi• done fo r· proJ·ects fu rthered by t he labor unr·om'sts
fi ed th e pain of t he lion as he drew the thorn out
his foot · in th e same way that a doctor for the moment
of Los Angeles. As Mr. L. \V. Butler puts it, it
---:i.:..:n~te.;;n.;;s.;:.i.:;:.
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in:..g~i:.:::
t.::.::.:I;.:t~-t~,\:G
· :u l
ll
·*@'M~· ~.
'~~not'li- :its endorsement of the plan.
comes to set aright th e disjointed r elation of the sexes.
woHfen.
·----there-i~o-lt~eet*-tfle-harem;
or
I
�The W e s t ·e r n Com r a d e
-'Fhe Secret
r.:;~===~:II T
WAS embarrassing for Albert Rastall
to face Herbert Kindle, the husband of
the woman he loved. But, what could
he do 1 H e would simply have to face
the music.
'' '\Vhat is it you came to see me
about 1'' Albert askea, quickly.
"About my wife."
Albert's face flushed, but in a moment he r egained
his composure.
'' Your wife?'' he r epeated.
'' Yes,'' slowly, ''she's dying.''
.\]bert started viol ently.
''Dying!- - "
''Yes; and she begged me to bring you. She says
she must sec you before it is all over. I-I-h-hope
,\ ' O ll 'II <'OillC \\'ith me- -"
Soon. th f•y \\'ere on their way to the station.
* * *
\\'h en th e t\\·o men arriYcd at th e room, Mr. Kindle
was for·ccd to face a scene the like of which he had
never known.
Ilis wife's face brightened when she saw Albert.
~'frs. Kindle sJmy]y raised herself until she was
seated upright.
" I- 1 'm so glad you arc here, Albert," she gasped;
"I'm going to die--"
"Oh, no, my clear, don't th ink of it-'-you'lllive,"
ca me from Albert Rastall. Seating himself beside the
bed, he took her limp hand and kissed it again and
again, adding: .
"You 'II pull through."
"No, no; it 's impossible," painfully, "it will soon
he OYer·, and 1 'm r eady. You 've made me happy; the
ha ppic·!rt wom an in the world. " ·
She turned to her hus'band, saying:
''Good-bye, H e.rbcrt, good-bye--"
~h e fell back into bed.
* * *
Jiel'l>ert 's brain was ill' a whirl of doubts and suspicions. H e could hardly believe his ow.n senses. His
wife had lo ved this man! His wife! She had admitted
it! And in his presence, too! What could it meant
Wasn't it all clear 1
"Mr. Rastall," H erbert announced, emphatically, "I
rxpect you to do some explaining."
'' 'I' here can be no explanation,' ' Albert ventur ed.
'' I demand--"
"You demand ?"
By
411
~manuel
Julius
' 'Suffer - - "
.
"Yes, su ffer; I am desperate, Mr. Rastall; Beatrice
was my wife for ten years-we've been happy-at least,
so I thought-fool that I was. And now, when she
dies, comes thi,s --"
Herb~t Msitated.
"Come, finish; I'am l'i.stening, Mr. Kindle."
" -.- this.' ·~b~me.''
'A.lbert Rastall l~~~hed. . It w'as a soft, sad laugh.
" You are laughing· at me!" shouted Herbert, growing fu.rio~s·:
"Pardon me; this has become r eally complicated
and somew?at serious-:-! must set your mind at
rest--"
''Then,. you '11 explain 1'' Herbert inquired, quickly.
* * *
Albert seated himself m one of Herbert's library
chairs.
"Your wife was a widow when you married her,
wasn ;t she 1" Albert asked.
Herbert nodded, adding:
''That has nothing to do with this affair--"
"It has; Mr. Kindle; I assure you- that plays an
important role in this little tragic-comedy--"
''Comedy !'' Herbert cried, growing angry again.
"Calm yourself, 'Mr. Kindle," suavely, "let me tell
my story.''
Herbert swallowed hard two or t hree times, but
r emained silent.
"When you have listened ~o me for a minute you'll
be satisfied t hat I have done you no wrong."
Albert hesitated before he added :
" I said you married a widow. You agree to that Y
Yes 1 '\Vell, I want y·ou to know t hat right there is
where you are misinformed- - "
"What do you mean 1" Herbcl't question ed, unable
to restrain himself.
·
"I mean that you married my wife !"
"What!"
'~You married my wife, Mr. Kindle, remember
that-"
' 'Are you out of you;f senses, man 1--"
''No; I say you married my wife. J.. isten to me- · '~
'' I- I 'm listening- - "
"Twelve years ago I went to Africa. I was lost.
to the world for two years. When I returned I found
t hat my wife had just married you. I thought she
,._ould die of fright when she first saw me. She explained that I had been r eported de~d-she even pro-
---~·~·~~·~·----------------------------------------~~~~~~vs~&-~.-Ul~~~~~-aDQ~Wr----
''And if I ignore your demands-..- "
" You 'll suffer the consequences!"
Mr. Kindle, you wer e living as the husband of my
wife! "
�T h·e Western Comrade
412
Herbert was dumbfounded.
for my wife's happiness-and now, Mr. Kindle, you
koews ~e te be tbe late
Mr. Richardson. It has been my secret' all these years,
and I would have kept ii unrevealed had you not
demanded it. That was my acrifice. Not for you,
Mr. Kindle, for I hated you . . It was for my wife. Are
you satisfied, Mr. Kindle1"
"I am, Mr. Rastall; I want to shake your hand."
· They clasped. ·
"And now, l\1_r. Kindle, I must bid you good night."
·--~~u~r~e~o~n~o~~~ier~rRuijp~to~n~s~,~~~r~~~~~----~~~~~~·~·qb~'ersan~h~
"At first, I determined to assert my right-I swore
I would arrest her for bigam-y. But, she literally threw
herself at my feet, begging-.- "
Alher·t stopped talking. He looked at H erbert for
a full half minute.
"I can see by th e expression on your face that you
have a question to ask. You want to know why I
didn't regain my wife. Isn.'t that so 1" Herber.t
nodded. "Yes, I thought so. Well, I'll also explain
* * * ·
that. You see, :\Ir. Kindle, I learned· frO,m my wife
When Albert Rastall reached the sidewalk he laughthat sht• loved yon ul.ore than she loved me.'~
ingly muttered:
Herbert 's face brightened. The truth was begin- ..
"Poor ·fool! He believed all of my lies! "
nmg to dawn upon him.
~
"She even went so far as to say..that if lannounced
WHO IS CONCERNED WITH ETHICS?
the truth she would kill herself-so much did she love
N A RECENT issue of Everyman there appeared
you, l\lr. Kindle. And so, I stepped aside, for I saw ·
an imaginary interview with Tom Mann, wlhich
that it was all for her happiness--"
began as follows :
''But--"
"'Now as to your ethics-" · I begaJ?..
"But what?"
"Search me"-he (Tom Mann) laughed. "I've
" 11 Pr first h us hand's name was Richardson, your's
· been so busy . getting food and such. It's. not ethics
is Hastall--"
that we're after, but higher wages, shorter hours,
" Ah, that, too, needs a wor·d, Mr. Kindle. I oblitand better conditions for working people.''
erated myself cntir·cly for the sake of my wife's happiAs this is only an imaginary interview, it is imness. I t·han~cd my name and th e sphere of my life
possible to say whether Tom Mann would have excompletely . Every fact-everything connected with
pressed himself in these words. This fact remains,
my past was killed. I was reborn- a new man- all
however: many persons hold the opinion that the
worke~s are not concerned with ethics, thereby betraying an erroneous conceptiop. of the matter. The
science of ethics is not an evil weapon in the possession ·of the ruling class, to be used only for purposes of exploitation: It is the science of right conduct of man to .his fellow men- one of the sciet;~ces
most essential to human well being-and can be developed rightly and sincer·ely only by those who
JIERE IS YOUR OPPORTUNITY
have thi::j. well being at hea rt.'
The rulin g class, busy devising means by which
it may remain the ruling class-is it concerned with
To prepare for Positions m the Railway Mail
human well . being ?-with ethics 1 Certainly not. · It
Service and Postoffice Department.
is no more concerned with true ethics than with true
political economy.
But the workers fighting against the encroachBetter salaries for Railway Mail Clerks and
ments, the wrong conduct of the ruling class ; fightPo~toffice CHrt·iers, Clerks.
ing against poverty, against profit, against the poison of overwork-the ever-moving masses of creators, striving to end our anti-social system, undisBig inc rease m working force caused by
mayed by obstructions or defeats, trudging tirelessly
Par·crls Post.
toward the light they see, day-dreaming always of
a happier time-they are vitally concerned with
ethics, with human wellbeing, which depends upon·
See MISS WILSON
-6
the right conduct of man to his fellow men.
602 Citizens' National Bank Bldg., Los Angeles
l\Tost emphatically do I say it: Only those who
- --;- - - ;0::-;f:;;:fi ce- p7'h_o_n-es_ :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __,R
,.es-.-p,
>h-to_n_e_:~~~....at"-l'',-,
'ec.,..,..uu""c:"''e...
rnn-emd+-.wmith revoiutiorrizing-societJ ~· ~ w~
A-1973 ; Bdwy. 1775
25951
eerned with ethics.-E. W.
I
YOUNG MEN OF
CALIFORNIA
�T he
·w e s t e rn
THE BIG SLAUGHTER
01\fE time in the very near future there ought
to be a big slaughter. Really, w e should have
a national holiday to witness the event. Nobody has
described with k eener sarcasm just what this killing
will be lik e than Senator LaFollette, who says in his
weekly:
·
" Th er e was ' just a fin e assortment of well-fed,
prospc1·ons bankers commissioned by th~. new CUI'~
r cncy law to find and slay -the Money Dragon.
And th ey have d estroyed it. That is, they will destroy it- later .
" It was a great piece of statesmanship; this idea
of tu;·ning th e job of destroying the monster that
controls capital and enslaves credit over to t~.e
hank ers. Th ey know its habits and its haunts.
Wat r h th em crush it ! . . . It will be thril~ing !"
Yes, it "rill be " some " slaughter, doubtless.'
C. 1\f. W.
S
• • •
GETTIN ' EDDICATED
liE following advertisement appeared in a r eeent issue of 1'he Harvard Crimson:
''Letters of all kinds written to order. Requests
for eheeks you haYe hesitated to ask for- letters pacifying irflt e fitfh ers- letters of acceptance and regrct- lr ttc·rs of apology- bread and butter lett ers,
rt c. Any little love affair we c ~n fix up 'I \\' e sucerrd wlwrr th e individual fails. "
So goes it. Young Am erica begins by haviug
somrone hand him a milk bottle. Later, as a r eward
for inborn tal ent, h e is sent to school , wh ere som eone
writ es hi!: letters for him, takes his examinations for
him. Finally, th e kind, aged professor is influ enced ,
in som e subtl e, mysterious manner, to give th e lad
his diplsma . .
Th en he goes into th e .;vorld to stril\ e out for him . self. H e marries a bank er 's daughter in order to obtain a financial basis upon which to build later successes. This enabl es him to shine in society, wh er e
he deli_vers after-dinner speech es, written by a
twenty-dollar secretary- often th e same youth who
wrote his love letters for him. H e then gives interesting int er views to the n ewspapers, in which he adYises th e working lads to save money and climb the
ladder of achievement. Of course, it i:s needless to
say th ese interviews w ere written by the same modest
secr etary. Often, t hese pillars of society write books
that contain many interesting ideas; in fact, these
books are F>O original that the pompo"us, dignified
" author" learns many things from r eading his own
hooks, which is another compliment for the unassuming secretary. And ~hen the famous man dies, the
T
Comr ade
413
pap rs are certain· t o inform. us that one of the ''leaders of thought," one. of the " beacon light of progress," one of the " heralds of the dawn " ha cashed
in and gone to heaven with the r est of the angels,
while' .the secretary, who didn 't have sense enough t o
marry a ,banker's daughter, or to write love letters
for himself, goes to- well, what 's the use of rubbing
it in 7- -'E. J.
• • •
ON THE SIDE LINES
UNNING- from Now into the Future there is
one strong, deep current. That is Socialism.
But paralleling it, running into it her e and there, at
times giving it volu·me, at times lending warmth and
color, are lesser, but by no means 1unimportant
strPams. Of many of them mqst Socialists know and
ca1·e littl e.
·
Th ere is at present a world-wide social movement toward better things. While Socialism may
be the center of this movement, ·y et it does not, in
the sense in which most Socialists view Socialism,
include the whole movement. Of course, to the wid evisioned the Socialist MOVEMENT does includ e the
whole lirie of advance.
In the world of education giant strides are being made. As Socialists most of us are not even
cognizant of the greatest departures in education.
Amopg Socialists, with th e usual exceptions, of
. course, th er e is but littl e r eal interest in the wond erful buddings that are going on in the r ealm of.
education. Y et have we not the r ight to consider
that th e work of Montessori is collateral to the So~
cialist movem ent ~ Have we not the right to consider that th e great sweep toward right relationship
1.1etween education and industry is akin to our own
dreams ? Rightly th ere is no departm ent of life in
which we are so k eenly interested as the educa-:.
tional. ·what leads so quickly toward our own goal
as correct education of th e young and growingl
C::111 we afford to be anything but experts regarding
education 1 Can w e afford to be ill informed 1 Yet
we are. And education is but one of many collateral lines upon which we are not fully in touch with
current progress, to say _n othipg of exhibiting leadership! F eminism, first brought prominently before
the Socialists of th e W est by this magazine, is another. Still another is th e drama, in a certain sense.
Of similar import is much of the literature or' the
day, not Socialist propaganda so labeled, but Socialist information, shall we say 1
For one to have th e Socialist ideal in one 's brain
is not an excuse for one to fold that bram up ·and
put it to sleep.- C. M. W.
R
j
�414
The
West~rn
Comrade
-T-he Most Conspicuous Socialist
•
Raging in his towering might as Everything is in motion. The eyes not throw away. He wears a pair of
the center of t he ant i-militarist sec- · rqv~ incessantly. The lips part trousers until they grow shiny, and
t ion of t he F rench people, ·Jean enormously. The great brows lift it gives him pain to abandon a frayed
Jaures occupies a position so con- and drop. Even the gigantic ear collar. This is the famous French
s picuo us that all European eyes are seems to act independently of the thrift.
No one has ever wept so copiously
wat ching him. P aris Temps calls head. Every gesture is terrific in·its
him t he most conspicuous Socialist energy. M. Jean Jaures is much in public as J ean Jaures, but the
now li vin g, and probably because of addicted to emb~aces in th.e F-rench wonder of it is less to the Lanterne
t he fact t hat Jaures holds this political maimer. He hurls a pair of than the fact that when he weeps all
.uniq ue posit ion of prominence Cur- arms aroUnd a victi.Jn and precipi- \veep with him. ~ thousand people,
r ent Opin ion is moved to publish a t at-es- his · bulk remorsele ssly,.· often at least, will weep in. public every
t wo-page sketch of him, including shedding.i ears of joy the whiie. One time J ean Jaures sheds t ears on a
;m excellent photograph .
never knows whether or not he platform. The consolation. is that he
,Just now ,J au res is c t· eati~g a. a ffects a necktie because of the 'flow- can also set them all laughing heartsensation by char ging President in g whisker . Th e aspect of the .ily in a very few moments. It is the
l'oin eaire wit h playing int o the man is one of anim.a l -health and J3ures " touch." It embraces pashands of ]{onH·. Through IIumanite,- strength. H e has a stomach of' irolf, sion, r epose, hatred, scorn- all t)le
which he edits, ,Jaures charges that, shoulders of granite and lungs · of moods, which he imparts, we read,
as a resul t of this courtship of the brass. Yet he looks his fifty-five as if they were the measles. This.
Vat ic·an , appointments to positions years.
rnust be set forth definitely unless
of high command in the army go
Enemies of Jean Jaures. accuse one is to miss the secret of the rise
only to those men who could be r e- him of a weakness for money. His of J ean Jaures to greatness. It
lied upon iu a coup d e'etat .
wealth has been computed by the means something more than incisiveBut it is c·on ccrning th e person- hostile at the equivalent of half a ness of phrase, or mere artistry in
tll ity of Jaur·cs that the sketch in million dollars, made, it is hinted, by diction. The physique of this mim
CurTent Opinion is most interesting. exploiting the labor of childre.n. cQnveys his message as much as do
And hcl'ausc this sketch comes from '!'here was never a word of truth. in his words. He is no mere mob oranon-f-lo r ialist sour·ces, yet seems to suc.h gossip, affirm the radical papers tor. Nor is he simply the artist of
pictur·c so viviu ly a man loved by his of Pari~;; . .J ean Jaures has his flat in speech. H e has a highly contagious
frllows and a man so powerful in th e c apit~l , his little bit of property temperament. The vast vocabulary,
th e might of his own bmin and per- in the countl'y, a cottage by the sea the nimbleness with which he seizes
sonality, its interest is, if anything, Iand some shal'es in a patent right. the right word at the right time, the
enhanced:
Ilis inter est in the Socialist organ resonance of the voice, would all fail
What follows is t aken from Cur- he edits so violently could not be wit4out the Jaures gesture and the
r ent Opinion:
sold for a song. He depends upon ,Taures aspect. Despite all his gifts
I ntinite r·hctor·ic has been eX- his official salary, upon a small he spent seven years in the study of
perHl cd in Ft·cnch. dailies on descrip- dowry he got with his wife and upon elocutign before he ventured, we are
tions of t he per·sonal appearance of th e in come from one or two lucky told, to make a speech before an
J ean Juur·N;. His elephantine limbs, speculations in commerce.
His audi ence. H e was crude, stiff, unnatshor t and sturdy, his tremendous shrewdness in money matters wins ural, wh en he enter ed politics. He is
feet, th e pendulous and quivering him sarcastic praise from the Debats, now his o~vn amazing self perpaunch, the .flowing white whiskers but he refrains from principle when- petually .
and the florid fatness of the face, ever im·ited to invest on the Bourse.
Wi-th r ef erence to the dist inguishbl(md in one atTesting, irresistible He is thought to be "near," despite in g feature of the oratory. of J 'ean
impr·ession which no cat'toonist has. his easy mode of life. l\f. Jaures J aures- its abundance-w e read in
ever adequately conveyed. Phys- 6annot contemplate ·with equanimity the French dailies that he talks at
icnlly, J eau James is a living cari- the waste ~f a piece of string. He his meals, t alks wh en he is going to
caturc, ob en es th e Paris Lanterne t ears off the unused sheets from let- bed, and talks when he sleeps. His
- one that no artist can approach. ter and saves thelfl r eligiously for verbiage r esembles Niagara. Its
No line i cornicul enough to r egister memoranda. His garret is filled with quantity, as the Temps admits, is no
crayon can r eac
exu ggcration of t heir r eality.
I
�Tbe Weste rn Com r a de
from the standpoint of the technique make the conversation general. ica·l romance by Duinas. The art
he art he has mastered so c
pletely, is the greatest orator alive has but to raise his voice above its nary politicians with 'the. characteranywhere in the world. His utter- conversational tone a trifle to roar jstics of a Richelieu, a Mazarin or a
ance is furtified by his gesture. The everybody down-a feat achieved Vidocq renders .his ·party polemics
expression of his ideas gains energy with perfect good nature and in the more exciting than any serial. He is
from his aspect while expressing most natural style imaginable.
forever discovering some new "afthem.
.Among the misfortunes of his fair," p erpetually seeing a MachiaIf eloquence be the power of mov- car eer to Jean Jaures is the piety of velli , in some matter-of-fact banker
ing masses of men by speech, adds his household. The - ~ldest daughter or business man. The uncharitable
our Parisian contemporary, Jean goes to mas ·regulatly a~Q .Madame ascribe a genius ·for s•l ander to
Jaurcs has that. His hearers are has ;1 ·portrait (}I bet: patron saint o:p. Jaures: The truth, insists our conmore sensitive to his appeals than the walls· of her boudoir. . Water temporary, is that t he great Socialist
his rpa ders could be. The roaring, from the Riv.er Jordan· was used ' at does not know how prosoic 'is this
bellowing voice can decline int? . a t he baptism {)f a ·son . . ·:M:. Jaures ha~ work-a-day ~rld. He never discov\\·hisp('r at just the righ~ time. The to relieve 'his feelings, sajr's the ered the average man. · All things
strong arms never suggest a wind- l\fatin, with a portrait. of Yoltaire are romance, acting, melodrama.
mill. ThP fla sh of the eye authent i- over the fii'eplace in . his study. Life to him is a theater, behind th~
<·a lPs a ntge or revea ls a mood of Those wi10 decry his -atheism ought scenes of which he belie~es himself
san·a1-5m. ~imply as a spectacle, to know about·his faith in a SupTeme to exist. H e is always '"coming on,"
.Janr·es t he or·ator is as well worth Being. H e has done much' r eading. with farcical r esults of which he·has
se!' ing as if he wer e Coquellin the in philosophy since the time when, no uspicion. P eople think he poses,
··ld<·r. lie stud ied elocut ion in h~s as a young lawyer, he ' pellned his but he is simp ly the unconscious
yout h \rit h car e, nor has he fo r gotten satirical farewell ·t o .God.
Few com edian. A crisis like the present
a single lesson; but his a rt conceals French politicians have dipped more in the affairs of France enables
itself behind t he amazing power of a deep ly into t he literature of their Jaures to exploit his dazzling elogiant 's p ersonality.
eo 1111 try.
H e brings_ bits from quence and his terrific personality in
.:\fore amazing t han his oratory to 1Hacinc, Corneille and Moliere into all th eir wonder. The land will echo
tli•• <:rit i<:s of J ean Jaures is his appe- his speeches naturally, ipevitably, with. his denunciations of high
t it ('. He din es joYially in public lil'e even epigrammatically. His French finance, his declarations that France
Gamhri nus or }'alstaff, says our is deemed exceedingly choice and is betrayed. At the right moment
autho rit y. lie lets nothing pass him pure-no slang, little colloquialism. will come exposures in his Humanite,
hy- pat rs, sa lads, '' r osbif a I ' An g- , E\·crything is in t he gr and manner diseoYeri es that the political situalaise · ' aud slices of t omato in oil and Irh etor·ieally. The use of a German- tion has r everted to Boulangism.
Yincgm· . disappear as he laughs. I ism or of an. Anglicanism like" bier " Th e· din will fill all E ur·ope; but high.
Poor Poincare can drop in after a Ior· " fiYc-o'clock" causes him the above it, predicts t he Debats, the
g rrat dinner· only for a sip of coft\.!e, Ik eenest anguish . His pronunciation world will hear. the raucous and
for his digestion is not of t he best. is so correct, so distinct and so deltb- insuppressibl e roars of J ean Jaures.
Jaur·cs, it i~ said, can eat anything. j eratc that foreigners in Paris get free
. His presence is betrayed by t he roar lPssons in French by goin g to hear
From $10 Up
of f• har·aet ' ristic lau ghter or the nap- him . Hi s ordina r·y conversation is ·
Low Rental Rates
kin tucked about his neck in the Ger- eorn pared in elegance with that of
TYPEWRITER SERVICE CO.
man fas hion. H e can bury his nese 13ossuet.
138 S. Broadway Bdwy. 3810
A-2591
Los Angeles
in a beaker of spar·kling l\1acon and
By t emper·ament J ean Jaur·es is a
raise it slowly upward to drain the " roma utic.. " Th e Figaro, to whom
last drop, smacl, in g his lips in per- he is a comedian who missed his true
THE JONES BOOK STORE
feet happin ess. EYery now ~nd t hen \·ocat ion, You ches fo r that. Th e 22G \Vest First St., Los Angeles, Cal.
he spies a f r·iend at t he other end of supr·eme Socialist of this age cannot Headquarters fo r the best Socialist
th e tabl e, to whom he roars at once sPe life in t erms of a common man's books and li teratu re.
eYery good wish ima ginable. Or l~ e experi ence. To him there are always
F -5849
will rise unexpectedly to pound fo r conspiracies, treasons, plots. Th e Main 1407
This
S
t
ands
for
silence with a tankard while he com- political and_ financial atmosph ere j
the
B
est
in
ConHe is the swarms with the population of the ·
fec ti ~ns, C reams
Jaures ima ination. The lain tale
and Ices -:- -:lin g and t he arms moving. It is his of a new loan becomes in his t eeming J
business to know everybody. and. to brain more elaborate than a histor4 2 7 . so u T H B R o A D w A v
I
Rebuilt Typewriters
I
I
�416,
1
Tbe Western Comrade
PARAGRAPHS
MORE OF TRAUBEL
P'ublished Monthly
(EMitor's note-Mrs.
li&hed iJi - any Sool&lis.t. journal ~
Entered as second-clau matter at the the author of the book on Horace Tran- ..
Thlngs. That ake You Think." hy .r. L.
po•l ollke at Los Angere.,. Cat.
bel wbic:b was reviewed in The We tern ~c:k:s. published iii The L.• bctrer. Nat. L.
Cheater M. Wright and Ema nue l Julius, Comrade last month. We are inclined to Hardy, editor. and Winnie FourakerOwners and Editors
the opinion tbat Mrs. Bain has taken Hard:r. edit.o r of the woman's page, are
203 New High Street, P. 0. Box 135
Comrade Karsner's statements too lit- also among the best writers in the oclalls.t movement. The sub cripUon price
Los Angeles, Cal.
erally. We believe that while Comrade of The Laborer is only, tlfty eents a year
, Subscription Price One Dollar ~ Karsner may have been a little too ex- and it is a big four-page ·eekly. You
Associate Ed itors
treme In his views, be was! in sub tance, should lJke it..
T HE LABORER
correct.}
.
Eleanor Wentworth
Stanley B W ilson
David Fulton Karsner avs in his in- _ 1704. Commerce St.reet, Dallas Texas.
Fred C. Wheeler
Rob Wagner
'
Charles Tracy
teresting . art.i cle ·In the Marc!~ . issue of
Subscribe for a real sociall t paper
Vol. 1
- AP,.it;-1914·
No. 12 The Western Comrade, that he does not
THE ·coLOR.ADO WORKER
_ . - - : - = nlace Hot'ace Traubel on a literaryOwned and controlled by the memb rshlp
pedestal to_ be w~r-sbipped as~ technici~n: of the ocialist Party of Colorado; 60c
He places ~him m the human heart With a year, 35c 6 montbs. 50 Kalamath St.,
Lincoln, Altgeld and Debs. And he •lm- Denver, Colo.
:\(J\\' 75 j•f•JJfs a vear to Socialist plies, in fact states quite plainly, tbah I
JHtJ-ty mr·ml•r·rs! (>nc dollar a year am one of those technique~worshipper ,
A WORLD REVIEW OF SOCIALISM
to JJoll -JJif•JJJIH·J'S. The hrst Socialist inclined to be more sympathetic to
By the best writers In Europe and
JHIJH'T' Wf' I! an·.
Traubel's art than to his message. In A.merica will be found In the NEW
REVIEW, which deals in an autboritaThl· So('ial - l>c>m oc· J·at is a paper my book, which J{ai:sner rightly regards tive way with all phases of Socialismwith :t wallop - a paper that as in the nature of an in.troductiot\, I do, n9t for agitation, but education. $1 per
B lJ ],])S : Jt ·s just the sort of con- it is true. deal at some length \vith the year. 50c six months. Sample copy, 10 .
strudi\·,.. fi~hting Socialist paper form of Trauble's work. My. motive is The NEW REVIEW, 150 Nassau Stree,
that tl••· •·onstrudi\'e moYemcnt of -to get at the principle which has. QJade _N_e_w_ Y_o_r_k_. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
this man one of the· world~s greatest I
t /Je I:P'Pat \\" !'St nc!'ds.
Sp!'c·ial artif'il"s 011 timely subjects originals. Traubel and his written word
THE INTERMOUNTAIN W
eac· h week mai<e thP Social-Democrat are one and the same thing in a degree
Published weekly. Murray E. King,
editor. One dollar per year in adavnce.
a pap!'!' looked for with eagern ess unusual in literature. This si ngular Address communications to room 234
hy ,.,.,.ry su hsr· rib CJ'. Editorials that unity is well worth tlli~kit1g ·about. In Moose Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
drin· to th•· point ~ivc the paper a fact. ~ understand the man it is necesTHE PARTY BUILDER
fightin g- toJII' thnt is a joy to the sa ry to approach him through .his exlwart of tl11• n·tt•J·ans and an inspira- pression of himself. And to comprehe-nd Is the official National bulletin of the
lion tot hr JH'\\'·('0li1PI'S.
the writer. we need the illuminating per- Socialist Party. Published weekly. fiOc
per- year, 25c for 40 · weeks. Address
A SJH'ei<tl dl'partmt•nt hy Chester sonal truths. I an interested in the way Socialist
Party, 111 North Market street,
1\L \\'t·ig-ht , th e e di1or. is one of the Traubel sa,ys a thing, as well as in the Chi cago, IlL
snappy ff'<illlr<•s of the Soe ial-Demo- thin g he says. But I certainly never put
"It's in .the Mountains"
ern!. In this d e par·tnwnt th e big do - the letter' above the spirit in Traubel.
ings of the. world pass in r eview each I know very well that the l~tter, however
THE B. c. FEDERATION 1ST
\\' t:'Pk. 'l'hc•rc ·s a spicy slam-hang to brilliant, wou ld be nothing if the spirit
Finest labor paper in canada. R. Parm
this dt•JHII'tm!•nt t h at you 'Jl appt·c- was not everything. But the fact re- Pettipiece, managin~ editor. Addr ss
ciate.
ma ins that the manner of hi_s delivery of Labor T emple, vancouver, B. c.
'' Great, 11 Is What They All Say! his message is significant, and must b; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 'onll'ath •s who )mow n e wspape r s, considered and respected.
Spectator-\Vhy don't you rush in
com r·adrs who know the Socialist
The way a man walks down the street and e nd the row 1
mov e m e nt a.nd its n eeds, all join in has a good deal to do with the way he
praising the So ial-Democrat. Among thinks, just as the manner of a man has . Policeman- ! ' m trying to decide
those who testify to the high quality a lot to do with his matter. The way he whet h er it's a case for m ediation or
and c haracter of t h e Social-Democr at says a thing has a lot to do with what he inte rve ntion .
1a tional Execl.ltive Secr.etary
are
Lanfer· iek, for·mer Congressman Victor L. Bcr·gc r. our own J. Stitt Wil-son, the indefat igable Job Harriman
!
Manag~ng E~itor
and many other .
Edwin Ellis Carr
Thomas C. Hall
Six Bits Gets It for You! Charles Edwa~d Russell
l\Iail your sub c1·iption fo r this•paThe Federal Census of 1910 gives the reper today. It is owned and conligious population of the country at 82,417,147;
trolled by th e Sociali t party of Cali· 5457 DREXEL AVE.
the Protestant population is placed at 65,415,Chicago, Ill.
fornia. A letter addre ed to The
241. These constitute available and absolutely
$1.oo a Yeotf'
necessary material for the propaganda of
Social-Democrat P. 0. Box 135 Lo
Club of Four $2.00
Socialism. The Ch rist ian Socialist Is edited
Angele , al., will r each it pron!ptly.
Twice a Month
in terms that makes special appeal to just
this c ass o peop e.
DAY-and ay you saw
Send 2c Stamp for sample.
The We tern Comrade!
I
The California
Social - Democrat
l
The
Christian
S.o cialist
I Ed.1t0r1a
.. ~ I -l Irwin .Tucker
Sta ff
�The Western Comrade
Telephone Home A-4533
says. You can't disassociate the two
things. Mr. Karsner has no deeper ap---W.A!lJ.UM.~,_R¥-CJ<M.AK--&-T- I ITT I C'
of~'R Rhmlfil'an"" in the
Attorneys at Law
labor struggle than I have. But we will
find that Traubel's spiritual attitude to921 Higgins Building
ward the labor struggle would not be
Los Angeles.• Cal.
listened to probably at all. Certainly not
be regarded as so virile, if It was conBroadway 1592
F-1592 veyed in some weaker vehicle of expression. Mr. Karsner says: "By any other
A. R. HOLSTON
style his me.ssage would be as sweet and
Attorney at Law
as reassuring." I don't agree with him.
331-2 Douglas Building
And there are many who even feel that
Los Angeles, Cal.
his message wou-ld be much sweeter In
some otber style. They don't realize how
identical and inev itable Traubel's style
CHARLES ~ MORGAN
,.,..and message 1!-re. This lis not a case of
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
the rose by any other name. I have
Notary Public
1010 Califo rnia Building, Corner Second studied his processes from the start, and
and Broadway
have observed how gradually but surely
Home Phone A 3913 Los Angeles, Cal. his literary style has developed.
He has not himself seemed to be aware
F-2164 of his remarkable verbal gifts. I have
!\lain 7618
tried saying some Qf his things to peoCHAIM SHAPIRO
p!e in casual and weakened language, and
Attorney at Law
while they were listened to, they pro232-3 Douglas Bldg.,
duced no decisfve effect. I have taken
3rd and _Spring
t1
t1 ·
d ·
th
t ·
l\'otary
Los Angeles, Cal. 1e sam.e ungs an g ive n
em ou Ill
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - his direct and vivid fashion and found
them to be at once received and underPhone Douglas 356G
stood. Hi s s tyle therefore gives what
he says its e mphas is. This is not putH. SLIKERMAN
ting that style first. If there was noth Attorney at Law
in g to sa y then I would not care how that
Pacific Building, Room 631
nothing was said. If my book gives any
San Francisco, Cal.
one the impression that I value the
Yerha l dress above the spiritual subCompliments of
stance . th e n there'f!"' something th e matte r with the reader or with m e. I have
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
e ither stated myself feebly or been un sympa thetically construed. I have a lSuite 112, San Fernando Building
1\'t\ YS been conscious that Traubel's style,
Fourth and Main Streets
so called, was late in developing because
Los Angeles, Cal.
he as a man has always bee n more inHome A 2003
Main 619 a•rested in life than in hie written in lerpretations of life. I have seen him
A. J. STEVENS
under man y conditions, both private and
Dentist
public, and have always been struck with
307 South Broadway
his utter indiffe re nce to literary s how .
Room 26
Los Ange les, Cal. He has instead, I think, bee n unduly
ca re less in that direction. He writes inJOHN HERMAN, B. SC.
sp irationally. He often seems to be e nAssayer and Chemist
tirely unaware of what he has writte n .
do not guaranteed satisfaction
I quote him his own sentences. H e'IJ
I guarantee accuracy
2521,6 South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal. s ay: ''That sound s good . I a g r ee with
Phone A 2299
that. Wh e re did you get it7" W e can't
All Work Done in Duplicate
make light of s tyle. Other m e n may
have had th e musical visions of Wagner.
William Francis Se~man, registered 13ut no man has c loth ed them In such a
patent attorney and mechanical engineer,
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17-18 g lory of sou nd. The other men r ecogCitizens' Bank Building; patents all nize the Yis ions a s their own, but they
countries; specializing intricate and dif- have not been able to commun icate them.
ficult
mechanical, chemical, electro- Wa"gner had the voice as well as the
chemical and met allurgical cases. F 5743, spirit. The same is true of Traubel. He
Main 9474.
____....,....,._....,.,.,"""'"""""""'==""""""""""="'-t;:h~a.s the voice as well as the spirit. I
Insurance, all kinds. P. D. Noel, 921 am not prepared to take extreme groun
in a matter so delicate and so unprovable
Higgins Bldg., Los Angeles.
417
either way. We know how much more
the same story means to us told by one
man _tlliUl.. b · another._ The wa a litor
Is told is a vita"! part of the story that is
told.
Montreal, Canada.
- ~--
THE USUAL WAY
''What will we put in the maga- ·
zine this month ''
''About forty pages concerning
what we had last month.''
"Yes."
''And forty more about what we
Wl'll
have next month.' '
,,
And then Y"
'' 'rhat ought to be enOugh for this
month."
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The Western Comrade
WHAT THEY ARE SAYING ABOUT US tion for it Is very apparent that we must
organize co-operatively to conserve and
--· ·- ··· · ·Ttil.lre every
- SOCialist magazine pu· Jlshed In America and England. The
Western Comrade gives me more pleasure than any magazine that comes to
my home. Emanuel Julius, Chester M.
Wright and Eleanor Wentworth are fine
writers and clear, logical thinkers.
Kindly renew my subscrlption.-Herman
Furnberg, Elmsford, N. Y.
Eleanor Wentworth's articles on the
woman question please me immensely.
Enclosed find one dollar for a year's subscrlption. -Lillian Bishop Symes, San
Francisco, Calif.
e~--uur
LABOR'S UNIVERSITY
holdlngs:=H:-N:---€otver:-,+--adl(Jw.~ge..is..the thing
Wasco, Calif.
Thank goodness! The editors of The
Western Comrade discourage Jong-windedness!-Harry Walton, Grants Pass,
Oregon.
Your offer to give away the original
drawing of "The 'l'hinker," by Cha~les
{Vag) Tracy; whieh appeared on the
cover of The ·western Comrade, hits me
r ight. Send 'it to ine It is easy to get
the fifteen subs to pay for it. -P. J.
Cowley, 617 Fourteenth street, Sacramento, Calif.
most need.__
ed in the world today.
,
-Knowledge means power and power means a better society.
-Knowledge in the heads of the ·
workers means LIBERTY!
GET THESE BOOKS•
AT THESE BARGAIN
CUT RATE PRICES!
American Farmer, The-Simons........$ .45
Art of Lecturing, The-Lewis.............. .45
Britain for the British-Biatchford.... .45
Capitalism and Laborer-Spargo........ .45
Class Struggle-Kautsky ...................... .45
Common Sense of Socialism-Spargo .75
Critique of Political Economy-Marx .75
Ethics and Material Conception of
H istory-Kautsky .............................. ~45
Evolution, Social and Organ ic-Lewis .. ~5
From the Bottom Up-irvine .............. 1:00
Feurbach-Engels .................................. .45
God, and ~y Neighbor-Biatct~ford .... .75
G d Ch 1ld
All
I
45
1n°d us
st r1a
· 1 prebn-1
mRanic..h......
ro emsar d................
son...... .. .'75
Landmarks· of Scientific Social ismEngels ............. ....... .............................. .90
Looking Forward-Rappaport ............ .65
Love's Coming of Age-Carpenter...... .75
Making of The Worid~Meyer............ .45
Materialist Conception of History-
Enclosed find money order for renewal
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E. E. Kirk, San Diego, Calif., writes as
The \Vestern Com rade.-W. E. Perreau,
follows: '1-Idnest tp goodness! That
1230 Se venth street, Oakland, Calif.
last magaifne of yours Is all wool and a
I am glad to see The Western Com- mile wide. This is the time when I have
rade bringing up the subject of co-opera- no complaints and my criticisms of any
minor points are more than offset by
the extra good materials used. Pinchon's
DRESSER PHOTO CO.
blank verse poem is 100 per cent. W ill
Lantern 51 ides
come up and tell you by direct mouth to
Copying
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get many more. -L. E. Katterfeld, So.1
.tl"zeD cialist
Out of the Dump-Marcy (Fiction ).... 45
OS
Party lecturer.
Positive Outcome of Philosophy- .
A L b
th t n ever backs
-Dietzgen ............................................ .85
a o r paper
a
Poverty of Philosophy-Marx.............. .85
do\\·n , a Labor paper that always
" I think a g reat deal of The Western Perfecting the Earth-Woolbridge.... .80
goes ahead 0:--J T ilE STRAIGHT Comrade. I expect to get some subscrip- Principles S~ientific Socialism-Vail .75
RO AD!
tions soon.''- Prudence Stokes Brown, Puritanism-Me ily .................................. ·45
Th e Citi zen is known f r om Coast
Record ing Angei-Bronholtz (Fiction) .80
Pasadena, Cal.
Rebel at Large-Beals (Fiction) ........ .45
to Coast as th e b est t rad e union paRevolution and Counter- Revolution
p e r th e nation has. Th e C itizen
-Marx ................ .................................. .45
brin gs t o you eac h \\·cck an ave r age
He re is what J. H. Hawthornthwaite, Revolutionary Essays-Burrowes ...... .75
of m o r e thau ]2 pa ges of n ews and forme1· Socialis t leader of the opposition Republic, The-Anderson .................... .90
in th e British Columbia Legis lature, says Socialization of Humanity-Franklin 1.75
inspiration and edu cation co nc e r·n- of Pinchon's poem, in th e last number Socialism for Students-Cohen............. .45
in g organized la bor.
of The Westem Comrade: "It expresses Socialism a nd Philosophy-Labriola .. .75
,
the very sou l, life and pith of the Great Socialism , Positive and NegativeEdited by STANLEY B. WILSON H.e volt, and the mise ry of it a nd the LaMonte .... ...... .................................... .45
Th e C it izen is edit e d by Stan ley B. pity."
•
Soci_alism and Success-Ghent... ........... 1.20
\Yi lson on e of t h e nation 's Bi ~f en I
Soc1al1sm, Its Growth and Outcome'
.
g
Morr1s and Bax.................................... .45
of Labor! His ed ito ri a ls a r e as
Socialism and Modern Science-Ferri .80
wid e ly copi ed a ]! 0\·er th e country as
Socialists, Wh? They Are-Spargo .... .45
arc th e e dito rials of any othe r I 1 abor
Soc1al Revolutlon-Kautsky ........ :···--·--· .45
.
Ten Bl1nd Leaders of the Blindfight e r today. That rs th e s ure t est
Lewis . . . . .. . .. .... . ........................ .45
of _q u a lity. Oth e rs know ~hat what
Theoretical System of Karl Marx
\Vllson
wr1t es
1s
THb
HEAL ,
Boud1 n · · ..... ----........... .80
Till NG! Th ere's a n inspiration and I . Of I> 1F
I \\" ·]··
Cl
Syndlcallsm----:-Spargo -------- .......... ....... 1.15
. .
.
. .
s
. .,~ anc or t lC
Ol \lng
ass Trrumph of L1fe-Boelsche . . . ........ .45
a ?reaclth oi vr e w 111 th e_wntrngs of
HPn d th e ma aaz iu e that is a lways V1tal P roblems in Social EvolutionthiS man seldom found 111 th e work
"'
,
Lew is.
. ................ .............. .45
of ed ito ri a l \\T it e r s . ln no oth e r pa- 0 11 th e· fi r·in g lin e. Sentl · te n ce nts Value, P r ice and Profit- Marx ........... . .40
per ca n ~·ou g-e t th r \ VJLSON EDI- fo r· a sa 1npl r ropy.
O rw doll a r a What's So and What_ lsn't-~ork ...... .45
'fOPIAl <.:< 1 ~ 1
·1 t 1'1 c· t ·
Workers 1n Amer1can History\·
.Ju. , II lSl'l'l Je 0
le I rzen Yt'al·.
..O'Neill ......
.. ...................... .80
t oday I
·
World's Revolutions- Untermann ...... .45
Th e C itizen will c o m e t o you fo r a
En·r.v hook list ed is a standard
wh ole year-52 b ig issues- for · one
II'OI' k. E,-r,·y on e should be in e Ye ry
dollar. Wrap a hill in a sh ee t of
118 W. Kinzie St., Chicago, Ill. 1 ~ot:i ali~t library. Fill out a Jist of
pap ~ !' anrl mail it. Get a money or(f :vou \\·ant to krPp in touC' h " · ith : h rse hooks t od ay and send it with
d e r· rf you p r efer , or send a c h eck It
.
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• I
sOCia• 1•ISt ReVIew
•
I
Charles H. Kerr & Co.
I
C itizen, P. 0. Rox 135, Los Ange les,! hor and Soc ialism , yo u must r ead partmPnt, P. 0 . Box 1 ~~5, Los Ange1The International Socialist Review. les, Cal.
Ca l.
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Manbattlln Bulldinc, Cblcaco, Ill.
�The Western Com r ·a de
4.20
--------------------~~
·ow ss,ooo
But a few weeks ago, the SECURITY announced that it
had 87,000 open accounts.
Published statements have difficulty in keeping abreast
of SECURITY growth.
'
Over Eighty-Eight Thousand individuals now have accounts
with this oldest ana largest_savings hank in the Southwest.
Such remarkable growth is inevitable. It is the natural
outcome of a community's confidence inspired by an institution's policy of "Safety First," and an expression of that
community's appreciation of the bank's efficient service and
comprehensive accommodations.
The SECURITY is the logical bank for the savings de·
positor. Its record -during its twenty-five years under orac·
tically the same managemenl: - its present patronage - and
its total deposits of over $41,500,000, entitle it to that distinc·
tion without dispute.
The SECURITY pays the highest rates of interest con··
· sistent with safe, conservative banking.
Savings Accounts
in savings hanks in this state are, by law, exempt from state,
county and city taxes.
SEUURITYTRUST
BANK
&SAVINGs
Oldest and Largest Savings. Bank
in the Southwest
~ECURITY
BUILDING
Fifth and. Sorins!
EQUITABLE BRANCH
First and Spring
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-04
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-04
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n12_191404
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n12
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/6335e6cafc33a0aded00376bc387cb50.pdf
e26afe977dd0f4c59e5dcfb571da567f
PDF Text
Text
l
"Job? Huh! Me no working man; me busines~ man~~
�Tbe W e ste .r n Comr d e
H Your Teeth e ~c~ g·
Are De~yed; If , orne of th~
We can mak:e y ours loo
accompanying picture wihout
We
Pro~se: toTreat
-Y ou Just Right
On Presentation of this Ad. 'Will allow a 5 Per Cent Discount dn 11 Dental
Work Contracted at. my office, said 5 per cent to go to the S-ocialist Campaign fund
CENTRAL. PARK DENTIS1"'S
HENRY -M. SILVERBERG, D. D. S.
452 S. HILL STREET
Office Hours: 8 A. M .. to 8 P. M.
IF YOU ARE LOOKING FOR .
W. Hunter & Co.
•
Sunday, 9 A. M., to 12 M.
YOUNG MEN . OF
CALIFORNIA
HERE IS YOUH OPPORTUN TY
Go to
540
South Spring Street
To prepare for Positions in the Railway Mail
Service and Postoffice Department.
Better"' salaries for Railway Mail Clerks and
Po!>toffice Carriers, Clerks.
Opposite Mercantile Place
===========-
We Have a ew Location
Jt•s a Good Place to Get
that ew Suit of Clothes
Big increase in working force caused by
Parct>ls Po t .
'See l HSS W ILSON
602 Citizens' National Bank Bldsc. TJOs ..........,...,
Office phones:
A-1973; Bdwy. 1775
Be.. pbo~
25!J;j1
~
�The Western
Comca~e
YouShoUldB
.
n
y
Thi i a fa imile of the
hand omely· engrav d Fifty
Payment Plan
aving
e r- 1
· tilicat
is ued
by the alifor. nia Saving
Bank. Th e
Saving Certificates come in
book formhandy vest
pocket size.
..
•
Ex-Mayor Snyder
Says:
It took me nearly two years
to save my first $100.00. Los
Angeles back in 1880 offered
fewer opportunities to boys
than it does today, and I wa:
glad to earn $25.00 a month.
Out of that I saved $5.00
each month and deposited it
with a Savings Bank.
These Savings Certificates are sold on th
payment plan-fifty weekly payments of n
Dollat· each- AND THE BANK MAKES THE
FIRST PAYMENT FOR YOU.
'l'hese Savings Certificates mature aft r
forty-nine consecutive weekly payments have
been made, and at the option of the purchaser
may be signed by one of the Bank's Officers
and become a TERM SAVINGS CERTIFICATE drawing interest at 4?0 payable semiannually, or the amount stated on the face of
the certificate is payable on demand under ordinary conditions.
..
Calif'ot--nia
Savin§sBank
Spring.. and Fourth
~treets
,,
\
�The . Western Comrade
360
The Dawn
Prince C.' Hopkins
Editor and Publisher
Sydney Greenble
Assistant Editor
··T HE . DA:W N .
,\ ::lfagaziue devoted tp Education,
So~iology
and Art
T11dful , consid erate of th e opinions of _o~h..:_r:_~peoJ?le~!J_E_ _!?~~~ _ is never·t II ..Jess outsr.oken- distinctiv e il:!. subjeet;·matt e r 'a s wen as
i~
.make-up.
THE DAWN is fear· less not because it ovc.r·-rid es · the'yrejudices of th e public,
l•ut hreause it has no prejudices itself.
Having no one-sided · views on any suh-
.i•·•·t. it dares to present all indiscriminatrly. ·
.\I)J'<'ast of the times, in accord with· all progressive
lil!ion. politirs or art, THE DAWN strikes the
~endenc i es
key~note
wl:!ether in re-
of 'th e future with f1-1ir-
!}f'SS.
"Accept our congratJ
ulations on· the new
magazine. It is superior in every ·way. The
form convenient, the
illustrations good, the
subjects
interesting,
the humor delicious."F. B. E.
Exp1·et to find some ver·y interesting vi ews on r·l'ligion , Soeial ism, sex, futurism,
•·n hism, Cli r·i st ian 81·i1·n1·r allll the Tango.
If :vou ha ve lli'Y er· Ji('ell up at sunt'iSI', suhserihr to
:1
THE · ·D~WN
at a dolhu·
,\'l'ar· a ncl a1ld 12 ,-olnm l's of lit e raturP to :vonr lihrnry .·
Write~
to us dir·cei for a samp le copy.
THE DAWN. Santa Barbara. Cal.
or· stop in at the office of the Western. Comrade>, 203 New High Street, Los Angdes.
•
'l'he \Vestc rn Com rad e will act as out· agC>nt in Los Angelrs just as com-
r·ndt·s should .
"I judge that you are
fighting
toward
the
'Dawn' of a more selfreliant race."-W. W.
"The Dawn is a beautiful publication, artistic in page decorations and splendid In
typography. I judge that the s ubject matter of the various articles will be of the same_
high standard . Yo'! are associated with an unusual magazine and both the editor and
As e,·er,
yourse lf are to be con~ratu lat ed on its production .
B1·ooklyn . N. Y. _
Jl STUS EBERT.
�T .e
e term C
e
•
HORACE TRAUBEL
l
�362
[·
THE POWER .OF THE ST_RIKE
STRIPES
OW-tlJat we are presented with the problem of
TRIKE hl:!:v~ become o~e ?f th~ mo_ t powerful
the interlocking directorate, many would-be
means of· industrial warfare. Then- frequent
reformers are suggesting the lockstep as an alleged occurren -~ ke.eps some part of the world conremedy. Placing the ten-percenters
prison ~ill . stantly at .a: .fever pitch. They are universaily
not do away with the system that produces them. dreaded ·by the capitalists, univer ally heralded by
\\' e rnust get after the rock-bottom cause~ th e right the 'workers. In spite of thi the greate t ignifiof one elasr; to own the means whereby anoth er cance ·o f the·strike to the worker i a a rule pa -ed
must li\·e; tl1e right of a small crew of~ capitali$~ · over in .silence.
to own the means of ·wealth p-roductioii, distribuThe wo~ld measures t he lo s or the gain of a
tion and exchange. Instead of unlocking the strike in dollars arid cents. It ays that t he empl oydir-edoratP, or· loc:kstrppi ng the directors, let 's do ers lost so many d9llars worth of t rade in a certain
a\\'ay with tlrrrn altog-eth er. J.1et the p eople own strike and the strikez:s gained so much in waae.. l t'
say~ .that' the· strike in the copper mines of iichiaan
the tnrsts.- K J.
costs ·millions of dollars and the Trinidad strik millions more; t-hat in. Seattle the workers gained a
CO-OPERATIVE EFFORT NEEJ?ED
raise ip. ~ages while in Chicago their wages were
OH, many year·s we have been talking about lowered.
But is ·this the greatest value of the strike- its
fighting with both arms of our movementboth hands, we say sometimes. Has the time not power to act as a lever in the raising of wages and
com e wh en we must add a member to our anatomy, the improvem(mt of working conditions Y Decidedly
so that we may fight with three hands 1 Or shall not!
we say that from now on we will fight with both
Its greatest value _lies in its power to dispel the
hands and our head ?
slavishness. the meekness- yes, even the cowat:diceWhy n_~t) hence forth state our position this way: of the depressed workers. Its greatest power is not
\V c will 'light through our economic organizations economic, but psychic·. ·It binds the workers toto gain higher wages, shorter hours and bettet· gether; it creates in them a desire fo r solidarity and
wol'l<ing conditions now in those indu~tries not opens their eyes to the .strength of organization. It
publicly owned and democratically managed ; we is a medium through which a hundred souls, five
will fight through our political organization to hundred souls, or a thousand souls, previously purprotect our economic organizations and to make suing a hundred or a tj10usand differ ent thoughts,
their str·uggles easier and to finally overthrow the perhaps even distrusting or antagonizing each other ,
capitalist system; and we will fi-ght through co-oper- become animated by a single thought, a single ambiative organization to conserve our strength and tion. It is a medium thr01~gh which trust and love
our r esources, so. that the capitalist class may be are born- more than that, through which courage is
unable to exploit us in those things that we can born.
control within our own class, and so that we may
Increasing courage and incr easing solidarity,
be better able to carry on our fight for liberty in these are the r esults of the strike most valuable -to
the other two organizations.
the workers, for when their courage is high enough
The Western Comrade stands unqualifiedly fop . and.Jtfe sweep of their solidarity wide enough. they
co-operation as a necessary part of the working ran accomplish anything.-E. W.
class fight for emancipation. The W estern Comrade
•
•
•
believe that Socialists have given _.all . too little
TAKING LESS LOOT
attention to this very impot·tant field of effort.
B UT few developments of the past month have
In the very near future a number of articles
evoked more comment in the press than the
dealing with co-opcraiton are to be pub~ished in de<1sion of the Ford :Motor Company to double
N
S
in
• • •
F
this magazine. Why mu t the working class forev.-e..
r-~w~a~g~e;s~,,;m;;_a~k:.;i~n;g~t;;h;e:_,:;m;i;n;.i~
m u~m;..wh·a~g~e;:;..;;$~·;:;nao;;:d:;a~y~.T.:S-=-;::om
~e-jts~1td-i:t-s-su'rpius-ttrits-enen::rit!
een roug t orth in conAnd t hat is quite a sizable "\\ hy.' ~c. 1\I. W .
--+-t1+1';!'~• '-ts
•
�The Western C .o mrade
l f Ford has doubled wages then the former minimum was $2.50 .per day. Ford declares that where
he formerly had a surplus of $10,000.000 per year
his recent burst of generosity will l-eave him half of
that amount, or $5,000,000. Therefore, if doubling
th e wages does no mor·e than reduce by one-half the
surplus pl'ofit, it is a matter of simple figuring to
conclude that if Ford's surplus were wiped out altogether; it would mean a wage of $7.50 for the
workers.
And *7.50 a day is $2250 for a working year of
100 days, which is just a trifl e below Car·roll D .
\\"right 's cstimat c.of $2400 as the value of the average worker's yearly produ ct.
Nor is that all that is to be said. That wliich
r r mnins to he said is that up to now , taking Ford's
o" ·n figur·es as the a uthority, th e work ers in his factory have been rxploitcd to th e tunc of' two-thirds of
their product. ·wh ere they pr·oduccd a value of $3
Ford got $2 and they got. $1.
Vve haYc a pleasant nam e for that sort of thing.
W c call it robbery. Legal ? Of course. but robbery
just th e same. And no"· when the robber decides
that h e ran grt along by picking only half as much
out of the other fellow's pockets are we to rush forth
with laurel wreaths, hailing him as benefactor and
philanthr·opist ~ Not on your life! He's still picking one dollar out of th e thr·ee and we're after that,
too !-C. l\L W .
• • •
THE NEW UNIONISM
I
'1' 'S a funny world-please pardon th e br·omide.
l..&. Think of this: London's Trafalgar Square, th e
'!map boxer's paradise, ·recently served as the meeting plaee for policemen who appeared determined
to demand an increase in wages. They argued that
$G.iJO was a disgracefully meager pay for men whose
duty is was to club suffragists who da'red gather in
Trafalgar Square. At least, the police should have
gone to another meeting place- not Trafalgar
~quare . I am not anxious to see the London police
get better pay so that they will be better fed and
fattened and strengthened, thus being able to end a
militant's ex istence with one swoop instead of half
a dozen.- E .•J.
• • •
REACHING FOR THE MOON
LAYTON HAMILTON closes his book, 1 '1\'faterials and :Methods of Fiction," with the
following stril<ing sentence : It is well to shoot
our arrows at the moon ; for though they may miss
· th eir· mark they will yet fly :higher than if we had
flm:rg th em into a bush. \Yhat a splendid thought!
C
And how well does
.,. he express it ! It is, ·in fact, a.
justification for being extreme 'in one 's views. We
who call ourselves Socialists are often told to calm
down a bit, be mor.e considerate· and learn to ask
for less. Be an opportunist. Ask for a little; never ·
too much. .L. whole loaf, to my way of thinking, is
hetter than half a loaf. The best way to be sure of
half a loaf is to demancl. an entire loa£. If you ask
for half a loaf, yo:u may rest assured you w·ill get
little more. than ~- crumb. Thus do .we Socialists
den;r.and tl:ie world. W ~ wan·t all of it; and if we get
a 'bit of 'it as. a co.ilcess.ioi:J., it -~m serve, in: the mai;n,
to whet our appetites for· the big swallow. . Yes, we
shall shoo( our arr.?:ws at the moon.-E. J.
.... ... ...
'
REACHlNG FOR THE ·scHOOLS
A
S EVERY official utterance of -the Socialist
party.- proclaims, this political organization of
the working clas~ has ~o 'dispute with any religious
organization-as to religion.. Reli~ion is a thing in
which the Socialist Jiarty demands. that each individual be given the utmost· freedom of choice.
·where the Socialist party does find itseU concerned with-not reiigion but religious organizations
- is when those or_g anizations enter the political
arena in opposition to the inte·rests of. the working
class. It matters not what the name of a religious
organization may be, ~hen .it enters the political
struggle to oppose the interests of labor it will find
itself opposed by the Socialist party.
Of late the Catholic chnrch has insisted upon
entering the political field in a number of instances.
Of most recent date is the case of the Belgium school
bill.
The Belgian government feels a need of mor~
thorough education. It has beoo proposed that government aid be given all .schools, secular and religious. The Socialist and Liberal parties oppose aid
to Catholic schools because the . Catholic ·schools
teach that it is wrong to vote the Socialist or Liberal
tickets and their position is that if the aid must be
extended to include religious schools that the teachers· in those schools be prohibit~d from teaching that
it is wt·ong ·to vote for Socialists and IJiberals, a
position thoroughly logical.
As if to prove that the charge made by the Socialists and Liberals is correct, the Catholic church ·
strongly opposed the amendment. 'l'he issue is not
yet settled, but there is scant probability that the
Socialists will recede from their position. They
know the.., difference between poiitics and religionthough some r eligionists may find - more profit in
polrt1cs than "m theology. -c. lVl. w.
�364
T h e W .e s t e r n · C o m r a d e
YOU ANSWER THIS
0 ONE is likely to dispute the statement that
it is possible to generate from water power on
the Pacific Coast enough electric current to p erform
all the work that it is necessary to perform,. including the housework of every house. No one is likely
to dispute the statement that if that power were to
be owned, and developed by th e people, who, of
course, would not care to make a profit out of themselves. the cost of living would be materially reduced
and the pleasure of living materially incr eased.
Why then do we allow capitalists to throttle a great
part of it and charge what they please for th e r est
of it ?-C. l\f. W.
N
• •
THE MEN TO BE- PITIED
UCH is being written now-a-dftys about the
manner in which men view feminist pl·opaganda and the effect it is pl'oducing on them . In
The International (New Yol'l< ) Hutchins · Hapgood
\\Titcs: '''I' here are, today, many men who arc
gr·eatly to he pitied. Men are more connntional and
traditional than wom en. . . . 'fo these virtuous,
conventional mal es, th e feminist mov ement is ca using th e great pain of th e century. Perhaps no men
in history have ever suffered so much because of
women as th e men of today. . . . 'fo the woman
belongs th e splendid Renaissan ce hope of onl' day,
to th e man the new, deep disturbance. "
H e goes on and mak es a pl ea that these arc hut
growing pains and, th erefore. call for sympathy
rather than r eprobation, a plea that is entirely just.
But the men who are opposed to th ~ feminist
movement because they do not as yet see its trend
and honest ly think it hal'lllful at·c not the ones to be
pitied most. Th ere are other men, far more to be
pitied, who joyfully hail the f eminist movementsome of them like wolves in sheep's clothing are even
in its ranks- because they think it will lessen their
social responsibility. To them the prospect of women
earning a livelihood in the industrial world ind ependent of men creates a visioning of hitherto unknown ease. They imagine they foresee a time wh en
they may be inacti,,e physically, mentally and
morally.
These arc the men who are most to be pitied, for
the:ir hopes are destined to be rud ely shattered.
True, when the woman earns h er living oth envise
than by domestic service, the man will not l(ave. to
support her. But neither· will the woman have to
continue the p etty personal service heretofore"eon-·
tributed to the support of the domestic throhe of the
·malr. She will no longer n eed to cater to · his nalate
and.to his vanity ot· fetch his slippers and dar·n his
M
socks. Deprived of his valet, the domestic king will
have to vacate his throne and be his own valet.
Furthermore. what chance of marriage will there b~
for the man who abhors children:? And what if he ~s
fat, or stupid, or has a nose that pleases not a lady 's
eye 1\foney will not serve him then, for she . wili
not need it.
These false Romeos, singing their trimnpbal song
before the maide~ 's duped-they are the ones to be
pitied most.-E. :w.
·-·
..
MERELY
REFORMS
.
.
OME .. Socjalist~· · object to expending good Socialist ene.rgy for the, purpose of securing reforms. - The single tax is · one reform s·o opposed.
The single. tax is nothing. Ii:l.Ol'e than a reform, though
it may he contend ed' with a degree of success that
it is a broad one, BUTW e Socialists sliall 11't1ve to operate the machiner·y of government soon. 'fhe more efficient that
government is when we gain control the less purely
mt>chanical WQrk we shall · have to. do in fixing up
things befo1·e we· can begin to get at our real work
It must be admitted that single tax, or a tax system closely r esembling it, is much simpler, much
more just and much· inore efficient than our present
bungling system. Unlike trust regulation, single
tax is a r eform that we So~ialists can profit by
studying.-C. M. W .
S
• • •
'' DEAR PA ''
warns business pessimists to mend
T HEth eirOutlook
ways, because Postmaster Edward M.
Mol'gan, of New York City, reported that $178,069
worth of stamps were sold in ~anhattan and Bronx
in one day. Dear Outlook editor: I read. note and
inwardly digest this item and conclude that Mr.
Morgan 's r eport does not indicat.e prosperity, but
intimates that most New Yorkers are writing home
for· money.-E. ,J.
• • •
'' WE HAVE TRAVELED ''
busy days we have Ettie time to spend
I NonTHESE
books of histor·?· True, we should r ead th em,
hut , to he frank , :"·e ha,·cn't the time. Sydney Hillyard 's article in this issue, which can be r ead in
fifteen minutrs, gins th e r eader a better picture of
the conditions of the people in past centuries than
any hook w e know of. lt is brief; it tells a great
dea l ; it is -·conYincing. Read it. There isn 't another
marrazine in An1Pril"n !-hnt nrinf~ c.ontrihntinn" lib:.
Con11·adc Hillyard's' · \Ve HaYe Traveled . " -E. J.
�The West e rn Comra d e
BERNARD SHAW AGAIN
"'!AS brilliant jury that_ attended the
I Ttnal
of one of Charles Dickens ' characters m
~
murd~r
London the other week. George Bernard Shaw, who
acted as foreman of th e jury, asked the pro~ecutor
if it was his intention to introduce evidence. Assured that the prosecutor planned such action, Shaw
declared '' t}len all I have to say is that if the learned
gentl eman thinks the convictions of a British jury
are going to be influenced by evidence he little
knows its functious. ' '- E. J.
• • •
AS TO " VAG"
AR be it from 1~ e to m e~dl e w~tl1 " V~g " Tracy 's
art. Our gemal associate Juts us m the right
place, particularly when he draws a picture like
" Th e Thinker," which a domed Th e W estern Comr·acl e's honoJ·ahl e cover last month. ·Alas, "Vag"
on our cove r· is one " Vag," but itr. his studio-ah,
that's ~m o th e r "Vag" altogether. Mark you, this
is not an art criticism, for I do not presume to be
able to pass upon imprPssionistic studies in cubistic
futurism . I'm as a rnonk ry-I know what I like.
~ o m rtim es l like an impr·essionistic study, even
though my best friends, in their most sober moments,
lnok upon me as hadng mislaid a screw that should
he oprr·ating in my mental -machinery. I agree that
lots of it is good-if th e viewpoint is right; and now
we come to th e point: It all depends on the angle
of thought wh en one judge's "Vag's" rigamaj igs.
l am remind ed of the dauber· who was being held in
rrll No. 2::! in the state hoohy hatch. "Ah, " says
th e nut, "what think yon of this masterpiece?"
Th e Yisitor· looks, hut he sees only a huge, bare
r nm·as. Asked what it r epresents, th e impressionist
answ ers: "Why, that represents the passage of th e
.l cws through th e Red Sea." "Beg pardon, but
whPre is th e sea ?" " Tt has been <]riven back "
"And where are the ·.Tews ?" "They have crossed
over." "And th e Egyptians?" "\Vill be here
dircet ly. T hat's the sol't of painting I like-simple,
~nggestive, and unpretentious. "~E. J.
F
• • •
NO NEED TO WHINE
HE Socialist Inovement is not compos("d of
maud lin sentimentalists or whinin g sohsters.
Its voice is sturdy and firm. Jts demands arc positi n~ . It docs not heg no r· dO<''S it look fo r· pit-y from
its enemi es. · Th e Socialist movement, which seel<s
to eonserve the int er·ests of the toilers, mal< cs uncompr·omising demands and hacl\s up th e demands with
. solid11rity. Whil e th e WPapon of eapital is th e might
1--r·.L..-'·'n : 1TgiiTII1
• ·l.....:.
. " · ,ttt17
~ 1,
•
~ . .,p • •n ·
01-,·nn'+·
.rl
~'1'11 "'
vL
<h;
T
-
lit
. -365
of solidarity. Labor 's salvation does not lie in pursuing a campaign of weeping and moaning. The
'' weeps '' can bring labor nothing more than the contempt of the masters. · Labor 's weapon is the Get- ·
together Spirit. and· there never ivas a.more majestic;
more dignified and grander weapon. I am sure the
following fable hits the idea in the :right place:
An ass cried unto Jupiter, saying, "Behold, they
load me with burdens till my back is like to · break ;
from dawn to set :Of SUD my toil continueth; and the
r eward thereof is 'blows: an<} scantiness ! ''
. · "V~ry - sad," quo'tli 'Jupiter.
.
' ' But eanst thou do nothing for. me?'' _inquired
the ass.
":My .d ear. i:Jong-~~rs,"
J ~upite.r
.. .
. -. answered
..
' "have I
not already given thee a voi(,'l~-and HEELS ?"-E.J.
. . ..
A TAiiK WITH YOU
is_ .direct. talk
T HIS
W estern Comrade,' who
~
w~th th~ readers of The
desire to see their
magazine serve the cause . in an efficient, resultproducing manner. ['his magazine sells at a price
that makes it !mpossible for us to enlarge it, except
hy obtaining a number of advertisers. For that
r eason, we expect our people to appreciate tlie men
who are using our advertising pages. Patronage
is the thing. Go to the advertiser and buy his
goods-and don 't forget to mention ·The Western
Comrade. We are glad ·to welcome a number of
new advertisers, among whom is the California
Savings Rank, to the columns of The Western
Comrade. This bank has always been friendly to
the lahor movement; in fact, it was this bank that
enabled t.h e lJOS A.ngeles trade union movemen-t to
huild its magnificent t emple. In scor~s of ways the
California Savings Bank has shown a friendly .spirit.
And
. now, the officers of this bank tender an invita~
.
tion to th e r eaders of The Western Comrade to
place th eir money with . them.
Here is what the California Savings Bank. offe-rs
to \\'estern Comrade r eaders: A hundred-dollar
sa,·ings certificate, which may be paid for at the
rate of two dollars a week. Out-of-town r eaders
may take advantage of this offer.
This is an easy way to save a hundred dollars
and to make it worth while .for ti:re ban-k to patronize
the columns of YOUR magazine. Th e bank makes
the first payment _for you in order to interest
\ Vestern Comrade r ead ers.
H ere is a chance for you to save money for yours·clf and to l<eep a lon g-established, r eliable banl< 's
advertise!1Jent in Th e ·w estern Comrad e, the magazine that figbts YOUR hattl es. And r emember this
.
fl
e-R~e:t,i.e
··•
AJ..-1;;
l:W
~-tis""~
"" T
�The We.st 'e rn Comrade
366
,
HORACE TRAUBEL
By David Fulton Karsner
TRAUBEI; recently sent me a slave; prison walls tumule about our ears; the cringing
·note in which he said: "I'd rather have ct;iminal and the bunted man walk arm in arm, with a
you love me a little than admire me smile on their lips, in the blessed light of justice; the
much. I don't care a damn about being palsied hand. of the beggar is firm once· more, and his
flattered. But I care everything about pitiful - ~vail 'for alms becomes a defiant challenge for
being accepted as a comrade. I'd rather 'oppot·tUnity:. : f ' Optimos " :ls an immortal book. It is
be in hell with anyone who loved me more c.ouiphite than Whitman's ~'J.;eaves of Grass," for
than in heaven with anyone "who cared 'l'raubel 's >vork is -founded on a·n economic (the Sonothing lor· me. "
· cial.ist ) p_hilosophy as well as a spiritual philosophy.
Wt· cannot mcasm·c a man's life by t he illumber of
For · twenty-fpur years Trau.,bcl has published a
yt·ar·s he has lived. S me men can count theit· year
monthly paper caUed 'l'he ConserYator. His wonderful
past Sl'\·c·nty, hut tht·y can count very little for life.
ollects in· this publication contain the fabric of which
Ot her·s eount their yPal's only· up to about thirty, but is woven his en~ii-e economic and spiritual philosophy.
th(·y 111ay have livt~d to attaiu th eir their full spiritual Th ey are the fountain of his dreams. Out o'f his
lllallhood. 'l'l'aU bel c:ouuts his yc,a rs to fifty-five. I C'~llrcts flow
of his theories of life. Each of. his
t·ount l1is life 1'1·om the crucifixion to eternity. Mrs. ho.o k r eviews is ·,an article containing the immortal
Huin 's Jit1 Je hook is a beautiful p ersonal tribute to an ,vords of life and love.
l't emity man. (" Jl onH.:e 'l'mubel," by Mildred Bain.
Jn €a·ch issue of Th e Conservator there is a poem,
A ln·icf lif'(• all!] study. With frontispiece portrait.
th e force of which silences the material conception
l'riee, 50 cents, postage G cents additional. Published
of life and imbu es .the reader with a spiritual reality
hy Albcr·t and Charl es l3oui, 96 Fifth avenu e, New
Yor·k .) It must be considered in the light of~ prefa'cc of love . . From its v ery birth The Conserv~tor has
t o a great<·r, lllOI'e complete book. It is the foreword stood for freedom-political, industrial and. spiritual.
ol' a 1110re heroic effort.
.And yet, in spite of the merits of this publication and
To rn e Traubel is not only a p ersonality. IJe is "Chants Commumil," 'l'raubel has but few subscribers
a ln ovPment. ln him arc welded all the fo rces of nature. who a!'(~ Socialist party · members. Th e oth er day a
li e is a ('Ompl!'te livmg testimony to tlie social r evolu- comrad e r ernar·kcd ·to me that The Conservator "goes
tion in which we are now engaged. \Ve find l1im on all oYer· th e h eads of the workers."·
hattl t•gf'o\llrds. 1\'h cr·cver· there is confl ict th er e, too,
Traubel 's message is for the heart. The most of
is IIor·ace 'J'ratihel. Whe1·e ther·e is exploitation, there o ~ progress has been made through the intellect.
is Trauhcl for justice. ·w here ther e is hate, there is Til'ains have played an important part in the alleged
'l'nmhel for love. 'Where ther e is war, there is 'l'rauhel d evelopment of the buman race. Look at our blight!
for JWilec. Wher e there is the church, there is Traubel H earts haven 't had a fair chance. It was principally
Jor· r·eligion. Where there is' a dispute about God, brains that got. us into the present economic chaos.
there is 'l'raubcl pleading for the Cause. Wh ere (live hea l'ts a chance t~ get us out. 'l'raubel believes
th er e is disappointment, there is Traubel for ch eer. hearts will gl't us out. Warm, sympathetic hearts.
Wh ere there is prostitution, there is Traubel for virtue. H ear·ts tender enough to redeem even our exploiters
Where there is capitalism, there is Traubel for Social- after tlwy are baptized in the holy blood of labor.
ism . . ITc is always ahead of the crowd mging it to
P ersonally, Traubel is a good comrade. He is kind
go with him towar:d the . p erfect day. H e is not a anrl sympathetic. In pri vate conversation he is aggresgcneral, for ·\~c nc'vet~· fin~im iri the r eat· of the army. sive. In publir meetings h e "prefers the shadows."
We find him somcwhc;·e in the regiment of valiant He sleeps in Camden, has his office in Philadelphia; and
soldier·s, shouldering his own musket. .And so I say li n)s in the uni,·crse. .About twice a year he goes to
he is a movement.
"\Iontren l, wh er P he visits l\Ir. and Mrs. Bain. While
Three years ago Huebsch published the greatest on th ese ~iontrPal trips Traubel does practically all of
hook in .Amcr·ican literature. The name of th'e book the writing of his biography of Walt Whitman. He is
is "Optimos." Horace 'l'raubel wrote it. ';I'en years --the acti,·e liter·ary executor of the Good Grey Poet,
ago Small, Maynard & Co. published the greatest hook and was Whitman 's close ·t friend and companion in
- -r ~v<tti'Onar 'te1-att1rc.
oilr-i'.,--f...><"'"'U-e
hiT
"Chants Communal." Hora ce 'l'raubel wrote it. Tn ·walt ·whitman in Camden ' · will appear this year. The
both of these books we hear the fett ei·s fall from the fourth Yolum e is nlrt>ady writ t en. In the writing of the
all
�Whitman biography Traubel · eon1pared to Bo e1l,
who materially helped t.o immortalize Doctor Johnsan.
1\i n. Dain 's book, whil it i a worthy introduction
!o Horace Traube1, iS at the same time inclined to be
more sympathetic to Traubel' art than to his m age.
·rraubcl as a monment is tht r u1t of chao . I am not
so much interested in the technique of his poem and
( 'oJlects as J afn in the warm m age they convey.
.\nd J admit Traubel 's original teelmique. H e is a
muH r stylist. But J am impelled to say emphatically
that Traubel' ignifieanee d _ no r in . teclmiqu
but in h · m
!re. By any other tyle b · m
would be a weet an~
r
. intr.
•
a figure in American lit~ratur B ora
will o (;Upy a prom:inen place. But I: am- no pron
to make much over that. Literary men me and
with every generation.. But Traubel men remain. I
place Traubel no on a literary ped al t.u b rorhiped as a eclmician. BUt I plae him in the human
heart wif!! JJincoln, Altgeld and D
rrr..ubel
..
President WilsOrt's· Tfust Bluffing
By C
{G~iiririm )JEHlCA
~
EST E R M ~ ·. W ·R 'I G H T
is"hear·in g much of trust bustin~
days. And though the Noisiest
American is far from the .scene of action.
there is another man in the White House
who seems to have a . p1·ogt·aru mapped
out that will be put through by the
CongTcss that he dominates.
W crl' it not for th e likP:lihood that
til is program of President Wilson 's will be carTied
inlo Jaw th e trust b'G.<~ting question would be no more
ll'orf h disr:ussion than it has been for the last eight
or I cu yca1·s.
But th •r·e seems to be an inclination to call tt"Ust
l111st iug by anot her name-a lllOl'e accurate one, per·li;ips. TIH·y say th at what t-hey ar·c going to do is
In unlock th e intcr.·locking directorate. Au intel'locl<in:-t dirwto1·at • is a t hin g pcculiat· to highly developed
>·upi talisrn, hut 110t at all necessary to it. "Interlocldng
dir·L·ctontt •s arc s!.'parate director·Atcs, composed .for
tit • lli OSt part of" the same men rcpt·escntiug the same
inll'l' st. .
Presid(•nt Wil on pmposes to ·make interloeking
diJ· t•dor~J,.t s ill!.'gal. Furthermot·~, he purposes to make
~-t llilt of law violation pE'rsonaL H e purposes to havt
J·aih·oad finan cing upervi. ed by a federal commission.
lIt SAY h i going to restore competition.
1t has long been an open secret that Socialists are
i111pel'! in •nt. .At t his jm1cture they give fresh evidence .
ot' I heir• ·imp · rtinence by making the piain and pointed
~ lui rmc nt t hat th
·wilson program will not r estor·c
t•om p til.ion and thaf it will not smash any trust.
~lnl'c ver o far a profits are conce~ned, it is not
likely thnt any tru t . will be o much ~s appreciably
ri~td
,
the
whaf has .he n made
il on
tll(~se
l'llll
interlocking ·device they \v1
a lock, probably 'a hammc~-lock. .
There is · so far no reason fo
ocinli t to
abandon their oft-stated· assertion that the r al govo
ernment today is a government by capitaJist .
lon g as govin;nment by capitaU t continues there n d
be no fear as to the success capitalists will achiev~ in
gathering unto · tltell)selves the product of the wageenslaved toiling population .Qf the nation .As if to prove . t_h e . Socialist contention ~vhile t he
issue was hottest, while the President's recent mes age
on the sn hject WI!,S being discussed on ver·y hand,
c:apitalism 's chief spokesmen at once join~d in paeans
of praise for the "sensible conservatism'' of t he President regarding his proposed trust leglsiation. It is
important to note this, .because we may be ~ure that if
capitalists were. not satisfied with what tire White
House was doing they and their newspapers would
lun·e said so. But they W_!3re satisfied. What f!f more.
they wer e highly pleased, and they hastened to commend the President for his fine judgment, his entire
lack of visionary radicalism and his wonderful appreciation of the BUSJNBSS needs of the country.. P rhaps.no mt~n in America speaks with greater autl10rity
fo!' capitalism ~nd its great financial interests than
Henry Clews, the New York banker. .Here is wh'a t
Henry Clews said:
"The temperate and conciliatory tone of the mesage was m~ t commendable.'' He is joined in his
felicitations by George Gould, who heaves a sigh of
r~ief
aying, ''I feel encouraged.''
No new. paper speaks with greater~one!ern for the ·
�368
The W est e t n Com rade
that have evol ved as c·apitalism has progressed are here
to stay! And th ey ought to stay. There are just two.
things wrong with combinations now. One of, those
things is that the combinations arc not quite mechanically perfect, and the other-and the chief thing-is
that the OWNERSHIP is wrong. Admittedly, these
great industrial combinaitions make · for efficiency.
They conserve human erie~gy; they give humanity a
better product; they produce it more. quickly; they arc
uper·ior . in ~ hundred ways to the productive
machinel'y of our fath ers. To destr.o y them, if that
were possible ·:would be a crime. The abuse is .not
an a·bus .of 'cornbination. It is an.lj.buse of. the economic
power that is begotten by OWNERSHIP.
.. Tl!ough ~~ would be· folly to urge upon a Democracy
that. h'a s ju's t gotten its feet well placed 1n the tro:ugh ,
after many· lean a~d hungry years, the cure that
appeals t.o 'Socialists, with ·that characteristic impel'tinence which ·i s ours, we put forth our claim, nay, our
demand, that th e only scientifi.c cure known be applied
to :th e t mst q~stion and to every question where
those· things .socially, or collectively, USED arid
OPERA'l'ED . and REQUIRED are concerned. That
cure is SOCIAL, .or COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP and
democ·ratic management. That is the only cure that
eliminates the only abus.e known in connection with
perfected trust organizations-EXPLOITATION, in a'll
of its manifold forms.
.
And as a final bit of impertinence, let it be said
that the Americ ~n people so · h0roughly understand
that fact, though it tnay be that the understanding is
yet largely sub-conscious, that no progra~, legislative
ot· otherwise, that ·has fol' its object an ACTUAL
lwcaking up of the trusts "·ill ev.e r be tolerated OR
NJ'TEl\IPTED!
\Yill President Wiison smash the trusts 1 He will
not, though he may secure some laws that will
sene as an r.ycwash fol' th e great American clectorah~ jn l!ll6!
nom ic hand.
•
�The Wes-ter-n Comralie
CRAZYIS
s
Sputtered and Spattered
B
AG TRACY
,
1t 's great to be an artist. You
ride around in pink automobile (in
your dreams ) . Money panics don 't
worry us. And I don't care if the
hanks do break. I go right along
painting pictures just the same. Of
~·our·s , I don't get anything fo~ it,
hut think how rn ueh I will get after
t die·. Wh en l!Iillet- th c fel.low who
pa int NI th e Angclu. ·~was figuring
out all t hcsc wonderful things for
you and me to feast our eyes Oll1hP p eopl e of Paris shower ed prest•n t s on him and he coulcln 't supply .
th <' d emand , th ey rush ed him so:_-
y
they did- OT I H p ddled
eabba out of his back- yard to pa~
for paint _and anva . A fri d of
.mine i beiiig talked about by e' rer •
·body. They ay h i a w nd rful
arti t. He bas his pi ture in th
papers. All the same I h ·a.rd him
argue for au hour tr ing to g t a
chap to pay him for t n bit ' wot• h
of portraiture he had don fo r him.
The chap finally to ed h1m tb
ni:oth and tenth bit and tall d him
along for th e fir t eight. . And o
t he great artist had breakfa t n xt
morning.
What cares he for th e Japanese1
W hat ca res he for the l\fex ?
He 's r·olling around th e chautauqua
w-av e
Ga th ering in · kope cs!
.\. dollar n t hrow th e wi ld wa\'es
say
Nc~\'e r· no change to k eep ;
And t he yodlcrs sing la-oo-le-ny,
Out on t he Bryany Deep!
ADVICE FROM SUPERIOR BRAINS
ELBERT BLUBBERD
t\ow listen, you working jays- you're all right in your way.
Just k eep on working, for you never can t ell, some day, if you
stick around long enou.,.h, your boss may come along and see you
breaking a leg or something for him and he'll raise your wag •smnybe. But, don't worry if he doesn't show up the first y ar or·
two-h e may have the gout or· som ething.
You sec, boys, it 's like this. If you would all w<?rk OY rtim ll
to make profits fo r your boss and you don 't die before h g ts
around to your bench, every working mutt in the world would
. he promoted to bos and th en ther e wouldn 't be anybody to do
th e work, but I figu r e that you won 't an do it, so-l sh Ul(l
.quibble !
�w ·esteru ComEade
,EXICO'S ,FIGHT F'OR BRE D
By WILLIAM C. OWE
to get bread. How' to supply, a eas: ily as possible, life's primal need and
. raise ourselves above !he fear ~f want,
is the one great prachcal que :bon that
todav absorbs the energie of almo t
every one of us. That seems to me elfevident, and I consider that our paramount dnty is to lift the w_bole revolu,.
tionary propaganda from th,e bog hole of no~-e entials
to the firm ground of dealing with that elemental fact. .
Holding this view I ·h ave becor.ne most:deeply· in~
tr•restc(l in the :M~xican Revolutiof!. To me it i monstr·ow, that any ch ild of man should be forced to pay
tr·ihutc to some parasite fpr the privilege, as it has n·ow
been made, of wor·k. If we have any one right that
is absolutely fundamental, it is surely the right to.
cxc re:ise our· faculties, applying the labor of our hands.
and br·ain to t hat r·aw material, th e land, on which we
ha vc he en born without our asking. Whatever else
may lJc in doubt that cer-tainly is beyond all argmmm ,
is bas ic; is the foundation on which all life must rest
ami is th e only o!le on which the edifice of human
pr·ogress can be reared. 'l'o bottom principles the indi,·idu al and the co llectivity must be true, if they are
to make a success of life. To bottom principles we all
Jrowadnys are fa lse, in our tolcmncc of monopoly. For
th e o\'Crthrow of monopoly, therefore, I would joiu
hands g- ladly with th e greatest scoundrel who eve r·
scuttl ed a ship or cut a throat. That overthrow is the
sper·in l soe ial duty of this special hour, and in the perfor·Juaucc pf that duty all are called on to bear a hand.
As an example. In the State of Yucatan, Mexico,
the entire population toils at th e production of hemp,
for th e benefit of a small rin.g of capitalists who make
huge fo rtunes by exporting it to the United States.
'l'he produecr·s have had to toil beneath the ·whip and
have bee n subjected to a thousand brutalities, described
with great force in Turner's "Barbarous Mexi eo."
But those brutalities are only details, which doubtless
r!ould h matched, more or les$ closely, among the oth~r
ct of toilers, in the United States, into whose hands
th e product of the Mexican 's toil then passes. 'l'he r eal
thing is the system, which prevails alike in l\I ~xico,
th e United States, England and wherever capitalism
._./' plants its wolfish paw. The r eal thing is the indis1 utnbl e fact that the existence o1 that system depends
on continued monopoly of the means of production and
distribution. The r eal thing is that the system, having
sunk it claws into Mexico is seeking to fa ten its collar for all time on the Mexican worker 's neck Aaainst
that h i now in rebellion; in violent rebelliop . If his
rebellion hould ucceed and our mutua1 enemy should
P.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!IIIOW
R
receive a knoek-out blow it will b~ the bettel' for all
of us.
orne twenty-five years ago I had t.h pl asure of
a istmg in the preparation Qf certain arti le on eondition -in famine- tricktm Russia. I knew then fifteen
y~ before the event, that a r'e volntion wa · inevitable,
afthouah . the Rn ·an ·pea ant i fully a ignorant a
~d · e en more ubmissiv:e. than i th M . ican p on.
imilarly when Podirio Diaz began his r ign by gh·ina a·way to twenty-eight favorite a territory a large
as .Jhance, what ba now follow d was me~ely a que tion ·of time. The ' ientiiico , who introduced the
methQds o~ ~p-to-date finance, inviting the R<1th child ,
ROckafellers Guggenheims and a warm of I e~
sharks, only hastened up the sma h.
. It. i n,ot my purpo e to load thi article with detail,
for theceby l hould distract attention from t'he es 'ential argument. The important fact i that th M ican
Revol~Jtiot;t is here· -that it has lasted three y ars, and
at i.t is today stronger· than when it tarted. Th
proc.csses t hat droye the Mexicans to this revolutionary
state of mind are comparativ ely unimportant, but I will
sugg~st one or two by quotations from hostile source ,
since such admissions necessarily carry tho gr at t
weight.
First, tlier-e is "Obsernr," whose articles in th
C hi c~•go· Daily 'l'rihu.nc are attracting gen ral attention
and are being reproduced regularly in the Los Aug los
Tim es. Under date of Nov .. 29, 1913, be described the
land t enure that prevailed until r ecent years, and th ~
methods by whfch a lar'ge number of the peasants have ·
been evicted, as follows: '' 'l'he land b lon ging to tho
p eons wer·e held, as a rule, in common by villages.
These villages ~ ectcd a new president every year.
Sometimes the neighboring proprietor would buy som
of the village land from the president, and the next year
the new president would claim the sale was illegal. If
th e president would sell, influ ence with the jefe politico
of the distri ct would be used to get a president who
would. One way or another the proprietors gradually
got th e land. Not infrequently force, in · the shape of
soldiers or rurales, would have to be used to gain
possession.''
·
The process thus set out doubtless w nt on rapidly,
and I pause to note that ·we are presented here with
a picture very similar to that exhibited by English history, where we see the great landed proprietors gradually absorbing, by hook or eroo.k, the village commons.
Nevertheless the amount so torn from the former owners must have he
i
rilJ,.J,I....wJ.!.:..-enormous grants to for eign syndicates; for Diaz, as
\Villiam Archer remarked in "McClure's" of August,
�The Western Comrade
1911, deliberately invited an alien plutocracy to "rifte
t he national treasure house.'' The result can be seen
in the memorial pre ented to President Wilson recently
ther
great landed proprietors as formerly li\"'ed.
have
That in itself i~plie that in· innumerable ca es their lands mu t have been eize_d by ~hat
hy a elique of wealthy Americans interested in Mexico, peasantry which hungers for thCJn but was 'previou Jy
who, with infinite naivete, protested against all schemes kept_at arm s Iet;~rlh by the law
trong i1and.
n
to clothe the peons with political power since millions may be certain that wh.e re Zapata rules viz., hroughout
had only their blanket for their home. Conversely, we l\f orelos, and . through much of Puebla Guerrero and
have had· t he Los Angeles Times congratulating this
the tate of 1\'Iexico . there have b en no landlord
··it.v on "the sudden influx of members of the oldest
stan din~. between the peo.Ple and their po
ion of the
' and proudest famili es of Mexico," and have seen them
oi~ O~ e reads of arran.za being badly handi app d
hawking round enormous land grants, as, for example,
in -militarY, operations by the fact that e...~pect d fore
in the case of a fo r·mer governor of Guerrero, who has
were · bu ·ily e;ngaged in dividing up th land. One
lw!'n trying to dispose here of Mexican real e tate val-kn.ows
that w.hile llfr.' 0 Brien, sale agent in Lo Anl li'd at $50,000,000.
De we understand how many of our fe1low-beings geJes for Yaqui· Valley lands ha been p titioning
:1 1·• · rend ered hom eless by one sue~ grant 1 De we nn- ··w asliington for protection, three thou and Y!!qui hH
d··r·stand what happens wh en some fourteen million settled do~vn: qn the land, confiscated a large ci·op and
lnt·rr. worn C>n and children, whose lives were formerly . er.v ed M:aytorema with notice that the. no"- n ~ · · ·· ur ·- sin ce th ey owned. their lands in common, had kno' ledge allegiance to no one ha \'ing tal< n back the
l'r•·•· acr·r•ss to wood and water, and could thereby sup- prop·e rties promised .them and being one more f r
pi _,. with rase their simple wants-suddenly find them~ · m n. · For.furtber details T haYe no space.
,, .1\·es outc·asts, with their lives depending on· their .
To make ·a too · long story hort, here w · have a
:1h ility to get and fill jobs for whi ch they hltve no train- distinctly economic struggle, Y,1 which the Hon of
ing- '! What ha s come of it is the pt:esen·r rewtution; \Yant has ·l;>een oust'ing th e House of Have. Incian uph cavnl that, without exaggeration, threatens most .d ent~ll'y in doing so they have overthrown two gov, ,.1·iously the peace of half th e world. :Mexico, which ernments, those of ·Dia; a,nd Madero, while the third,
is (•onsidcrab ly larger than th e Oer·man and Austrian that of Huerta, is obviously tottering to its final fnll.
•·1npires combined, is probably ri cher than any other This ha·s been and is th e work of peasants; of men gen •·nt tntry in the world of equal area; and from Mexico erally ignorant of letters but wedded to the soil; of
tlli' I'C arc coming today neither rents nor dividends in men, th erefere, who kno'~ and ca re nothing about polirl'f m·n for the thousands of millions invested by the tics, but who do care enormously abo~t the one thing
•·a pitnlists. No wonder that Un jteJ States troops line they kno\v-the land ·; of men of pure Indian or mixed
I11 •J' north C'rn frontier.
No wond er that her coasts are Indian blood, and with all th e lndian's proverbial
l• l' ing patrolled by the warships of.half a dozen nations. tena city of purpose; of meB with all the Indian's
:\JC'anwhilc even the least sympathetic critics hav e hilt red of authorjty and .dislil\ e of working for others;
"''''II eompellcd to admit that there can be no peace in of men, finally, with that gt·eat element of strength
.\1•· :-> i<:O until th e land shall . have been r estored, some- whi ch co nstitutes the simpl e man 's great force-simllo\1' ot• other, to those who mpst live on and by it. Of plicity of purpos~ . His goal is clear·ly in sight and to
all the ambitious spirits who have been fishing for it he driv es straight.
pr·l'f'erment in the r evolution's muddy waters, it is safe
Natura-lly he, the poorest of the poor and without
to sny that non e has dared to come before the people C>ith er weapons or the skill to use them, has foupd him~rit hout some sch eme for the repartition of the land.
self faced by the au't horities armed with all the latest
~I adero was profuse in promises; the Huerta goYerninstruments of death. This position he has had to
tn<•nt ha been feverLhly anxious to adopt some feasible meet. H e has had to get arms as best he could; by
pl11n ; :Mexico City papers ha ,·e stuffed their columns brigandage, by alliance with rich men who sought
~rit It a hundred and one propositions by aspiring poli- pow e~ and place, even by joining the regular army
t i(·ian a:nd would-be refo rm cr·s. Th e insurmountable · and deserting from it at the earliest opportunity. 'rhis
oh tacle, how ever, lies in the fact that the holders of has been his necessity, which knows no law. It alters
the 1 a pet· titles tand pat, and call alike on the Mexican not one whit the basic factor, which is his deter·minaan d on th eir own home governm ~ nts. to protect them. tion to get back his land ; that he may I ad on more
On the other hand, schemes for dividing up .the public his fo rmer independent life and escape from that wage
la nd among th e p eons are not worth·the paper on which slavery which is to him a hell and worse than death.
I h e~' arc writt n for the remnant left is worthless. 0.)1
A such he has my profoundest sympathy; and if,
tha t head I could furnish the best proof, supplied by und er the whip of th e foney Powe_r, ?U r Go.vernment,
the
sl avery, I trust it may be iny own happy lot to
him something more useful than mere sympathy.
fled the country.
I
�' Tb~ Western Comrade
372
WE HAVE TRAVEL·ED
By SIDNEY HILLYARD
N 'fHE midst of the thousand anathemas depict. He was, in medieval times, the servant of so
that are being hurled at the living con- many ugly masters by ·:all and ~ach of w~om he was
dit~ons of the present ~ay it is well worth severR11y and individually harr~ssed, robbed,_ beaten,
while to pause to pomt out that these and .outraged, that for long periods he was worse off
conditiOns of life are vastly improved : than · the beasts of J)urden. What with the Austrian,
over what they were in any pr~vious ·. SRXO>n. Burgundian, French, Spanish and Sicilian
period of which we have a~y lmowl~.dge ... Em'pe;ors_. and Kings continually claiming him as theirs,
lt is equally well to show just '"hat and '[lcrsist.~ntly endeavoring to prove their claim by
fprccs have brought this change over the-: scene. W e gt·abbing him and his land; what with the Pope siezing
cannot help but suppose that if we are e~terin{i up9n
,
.
.tempora.l power, and him, the· laborer, along with it ;
an age of complete social rege·net·ation, such an · age
what with the Italian cities fighting all' outsiders, and
would assurcd1y thro\\; its shadow before. it, and the
al~o in .the interim, when there was any interim, fightinstitutions of today and the human life of today, .
would cat ch the glimtiH•r
the rising sun.
ing among- themselves and burning each other dotvn ;
True enough, the denizens of the slum districts .of ·whHt w'ith the petty dukes and counts.-always the
th e ciNes of England an(l America are fully as · ill-· !11.0st •tcr.tirsed pest of the peasant of them all; and
situated as ha vc been the wretchedest of any creatures final·ly add ·to . all the foregoing variety show of torof which th ere is record, but we must also realize .from mentors;, · robbers, wasters, rapers, and murderers, the
what has been done in the German cities that, even _in SaracP·~ · host-ahd one lays down his book to plainthe present age, the slum can be done away with. And · tively ask what there was left to fight over.
with the slum abolished human life is, as it now stands,
And, indeed, it was a sorry bone. The wrethced
a more valuable commodity than it has ever been.
pPasant crouched dumb at the feet of every lord, priest,
1t is, of course, through history that the comparison at1d invader. All rulers were alike to him. He served
must be made between the past and the present, and in any army for clothes and bread until they sl!ot his
it must be admitted that the reading of European limbs off, nor did he know any such thing as nationhistory before bedtime is more calculated to induce a alit:y. He. was an international hi.r ed-beast, a thing to
perspiring nightmare than a supper of flapjacks and shoot arrows into when on the battlefield, a thing of
hot huscuits.
·
infinite contempt with a bent back when on his lord's
Not th e school and college primers of history- these firld. He lived like a ground squirrel-trying to hide
m·c not nightmares. The school history is ·a caleulatrd ft·om everything th11t passed. If he bad a few copp.ers
travrsty on truth written to glorify the actions of a he hid them and lived in rags as before. The tax colfew selfish and cruel men, written by intelectual cheap- lectors never found anything that could possibly be
jacks as a rule, but always written by men who at·e hidden, so .they siezed everything that could not.
dt·unk on the noise, and who wallow in the mud left Again and again in the history of every agricultural
by othet· men's perso~al suercss. The school history region the brst of the men were driven into the armies,
a lways fails to reflect t he r eal condition of the p eople t he women were left to live or starve, always the prey
at any time. Research into old records that are par- of rYct·y passi~g hand of soldiers or robbers, and the
tieularly not intended for worl<ing class p erusal is children wer e sold into slavery.
the only thi;ng that can reveal t hat.
Thr :English histories make great glory over the
If we woulcl'know the r eal condition of th e France, "nlaek Prince, " wltom English boys are taught to
the Germany, the Italy, of almost any time from the adore>, also over the battles of Creey and Agineourt.
Gothic Invasions to the French Revolution, we could Yonth is not .told that dm·ing and after the "Hundred
grt it by a visit to t he Balkan P eninsula at the present Yrat·s ' \\'a t· " the Frenrh and English soldiery lived
timr. Failing this, it would be w ell to read the report on th r prasantry, extqrting from them everythiug they
of th e international commY.ssiO:n now sit~ing on th e possrss('(l h? floggings and tortures, and so destroying
condition of the Balkans, wh en that report is pnblish r d. m·any of th!• conntry districts that the peasants themIt ,will he .a prrtty tru e picture of t he Europe of the srhrs nhandoned th eir farms and took to robbery ss .
Dark Ages.
.thr only possihl r means of subsistence. During and
Rome of ·the pictures of Medieval Europe bear Mt aft,•r ,this samr " ·ar. which lasted through four genera- ---.·mTJh•m;;
ompuTiSO' ,,.r
v-h
<1't6'\'
'-i+H •
t,
·4n
~&men,.h,i~
Ca li fomia fal'lnct· and laborer.
pntt~> of rhi,·alry, knights cnant, and the Holy Grail. ·
Th!• condition of th e Italian lahoret· is hard to Olt1 rnst ehildren " ·hose pat·ents had been murder ed m
of
�the wars were eaten right in the streets of Paris by world a certain measure of co-operatioa. There· 'has
wolves, dogs, and semi-wild pigs.
appeared a modic.um of the concept of :Socialism on
Our school books fairly resound with the lustres of the international political and religious field. Men
·' Louis QuatoFze," "Louis le Grand, " "Le Grand want to know; they r efuse .to believe. Belief is no
Monarch," and other names they find to give this longer a virtue; it bas become a vice. Virtue lies in .
uooby enthroned. Under this creature the peasants, knowledge. Men draw empires together by ·power of ·
just freed from a centurv of religious wars, bad to pay exchange, commerce, invention and travel, and not by
taxes to the government out of which were defrayed the sword of aggrandizement. Herr, Messieur, Signore,
t h.;! pcnsions to th e innumerable court nobles and prosti- and Mister, are exchanging commodities, drawing men
tutes; then they paid rents to the own liege lord for together and keeping them so by constant interhis e-xpenditure at court ; then they paid all the tithes co-operation, '.Vhile : H. R. H. this, Lieutenant-Colonel
and fees of the clergy. In addition, they had to keep that, apd J.1o~d .Adl)1iral the other were forever sepup all roads without pay, their horses were always . arating men, an<:! €{estraying any vestiges of co-operaat the king 's service without pay, and the liege lord's· tion that"might inadvertently sprjng up.
There has been wrought a great change. · It is an
r·rops had to be ha rvested free of charge if the peasant's
l' rop rotted on th e stalk. Again, we lay down the book economic e_han.g_e. · The Am:erican farmer holds up his
to ask , " \Vhat was there left to steal?"
head;. the .m_edieval fariJler hung it down. The peasant .
And, inded, it was a sorry bone. Th e laborer WA .. of the· past was ~he servant of an: The farmer of today
JJ (•vc r surf3 of himself nor to whom he belonged; his is the .equal of any and the laborer of tomorrow will
\rife was n ever sure to whom she belonged; if he had be the master of all.
a prety daughter she was tal{ en as lady 's maid to the
A cha~ tliat is not economic is not a change; it
lil'gc mistr ess and concubine to her mistress' sons; his is only a variety of- the same thing. But where so
own sons might go into an army or bend to the hoe. great a cb.ange as · this has ·been made in so short a
As to Germany, the tale is either just the same or time its economic .fqund~tion is not hard to trace. The
worse. Our histories make great play of the· thirty Socialist l~istorians at:e tracing it. A. M. Simons, in
years' war, of King Christian, Charles V., Gustavus his "Social Ii'orces in American History," has done a
Adolphus, and \Vallenstein. But where do we read fine and notable work on the history of this country,
that th e "glory " of th ese "great" so ruined the and the story of Europe is being treated by many
work ers that th e starving peasants dug up corpses in ot hers in the same way. Progress toward a co-operative
the graveyards and ate them; and that soldiers had idea l has been made. About this there can be-Bo manner
to be stationed at th e burial places of the nobility of doubt. 'rhe thing· .now and fo·r us is not to rest ·
1o prevent the dead aristocracy · becoming food for satisfied with anything, but to use our present ~tanding
ground as a toe-hold from which to raise the ra·ce up
the wretched laborers th ey had ruined.
Poland and Hungary lived in the light of burning onto the plateau above.
fi elds and in th e sound of wailing mothers, and as in
other countries, wheth er in war or p eace, always the
A FEAST . OF PI,FFLE"'
laborer was at the mercy of soldier, robber, and priest
that the Mona Lisa is discovered, we
-and there was no mercy. Nor wer e his miseries the
patient sufferers must endure rehearing an
sacrifi ce to patriotism, liberty, or progt·ess. Selfish
awful amount of senseles$ piffle about Leonardo da
ambitjon on th e part of others accounted for them all.
Vinci 's picture. Refilly, Mona Lisa just bores me
Th e laborer was crucifi ed through 'the centuries for
to distraction. Her face, to me, is plainly stupid.
the lust and cruelties of this and that chieftain, in whom
'fo think of all the years th~ painter spent in "gethe could have no possihle interest whatevflr.
ting" that smile! And when he got it, lo and behold,
Compared with all this, the situation of the Caliwhat a smirk! And yet, this woman has caused art
fornia fruit gr·ower, dairyman, market gardener, or
critics to rid themselves of heaps of piffle. I sincrvcn common fi eld laborer is · almost a paradise. He
c,erely believe th e following hy K ane S. Smith, of
docs not go by day in mortal fear of his life; by night
th e University of · I1ondon, takes th e bacon: The
he does not listen tremblingly for the knock on his door
JHlinting is "one of the most actively evil pictures
th~~ds him turn out into his stable that sold1er or
e,·cr painted, the embodiment of all evil the painter
robber may take his bed. He needs not live in a pigsty
could imagine put into the most attractive form· he
in order to .make th e tax gatherer pass him by, nor does
could devise. . It is an exquisite piece of painting·
he n eed to dress his children in filthy rags lest someone
hut if you look at it long enough to get into its
sl1ould .stcal their clothes.
.
atmosph ere I think you will be glad to escap e from
" ' hat has changed Y So far as we know hum an
its ·1nflu ence. lt has an atmospher e of undefinabl e
nature ha s not. Priest and preacher have been tryin g
Pvil. " - Pl ease pardon me whilst J take unto myself
tregiinrin
,9
' ~v--T"Y1tWllr.=i't-.J-:---------------There has come O\'er the western
N ow
�_
_.IIIJ!I!IJ4PI~I!IIIIII...,_"'.!"'!'~~~~~---,TF'ihi;"-;et
Wil
. r. ;e
;
s t e r n C .o m
·Feminism and the
Democracy
r a d ·e
Tren~d
Towards
By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
IL The Achievement of Social Consciousness
This battle between tire individualism of the pa t
· ·
· ai!d the new social impul s~ just awakening, as a re ult
r:~~~~~ HE existence
of Democracy necessitates a harmoDious society. Democratic of our modern co llectiY e working and collective li~·ing,
thoughts and institutions cannot survive . is pt>rbaps the most ·inten e battle of th e day, whether
where there is no strong consciou ness . it is waged sil en tly and unseen in the mind of an indiof social unity. A society 9ividec( into .. vidual or openly and noisily jn the factional figh ts of
classes 0!' sections whose irlterests clash . organizations.
must always be sub';iect·. to iii.equaliti e~
th e winnin.g of thi -battle th e Feminist ::\Tovement
and injusti ces. Th e1·e is no .such thing ha;s :an important part to play.
as Dernocl'a<·y for· a part of society. If !DU. t e~ist
Ev ry efl'ort whi ch it makes is a telling sh·oke
univP!'sa lly or· it (·annat exist at al. Athens; attempted against th e ent· rn.v: not a one of it's demands that dot' S ·
to bui ld -a DPrnot·r·at·y for· her· free-- men , htit s he bn.ilt not mal\e for· a ~r·ca t P 1' rn easur·e of Democracy, a wid enill on sla\·P lahor·, and so it died. Horn e, _too, aspired in·g<'f the social c·il'(:le.
I
at or H· ti111t~ to han' a Democ racy fol' a part of her
. Th e first more which wom en made away fr-om the
p1·oplt·, hut lik e Athens, she laid her foundat.ions 'on und c:rnoc mti c past was th e rnore to.ward organization.
illsi•(·tll'i' snnds and thry wpr·c swept away 'like·· ti r1y 'J'ymnny thr·in·s ~~ ,-c, r on th e isolation and unorga,nized
pPhhll-s hPfort• a d(;,·astating sea of tyranny. -Tiw · · condition of it~ Yil'fims. 'l'hat is why the tyranny
hotll'l{('Ois.ir- of Fmnee eri r d to th e skies for Demoem c;v . wl;i{~ h ha s . riddPu hrazrnly on th e hacks of women
IJI'J'ort• th r ]{P\'olution of 17l:l!J, hut only for· th.e hour- tl1.rough all th e eent uri es of civilization was neve r once
~rt·o isit •, and wh en th e work ers demanded a shar·e 1n it~ slr akPn in its s<'at as was mor·e than once the case with
Derno(·ra ey was drown ed in riv ers of blood , so that th e t~r ran'ni es whic·h cru ·hed down the work ers. For
today not even a scmhlan ee exists. Demoerary is lil< e the iso lation of ·worn t' n was an isolaiton par excellence.
th e air· . Shut off f r·orn th e open world , it lwcomes· Bach woman was e ~scon ced hchind four walls, from
pollllte<l.
whi ch seclusion she sca rce ly dare.d to p ee r without
T <~ ht•eo rne demoeratie, th erefor·e, a society must ht•eoql in g " unwoman ly.'' Th e f'pisode r elated about
fir·st of all rid itself of antagonisms between its var·ious . I<'I'P<l eriek th e Grf' at to th e efff'e t that he beat a woman
gr·oups. An impol'tant strp in this direct ion is a with his <'aiw for hf' ing on th e street, and said to her
r·<·<·ngnit ion of th e essential unity of soeicty-a thorough that it! I good wonH!U r emain('d in the house, apt ly
undt·l'standing of th e fact that what injures · on e in cli- illn:tl'at ('s th e absolut e ht ck of organization among
,·idual, ean and will injure all others; what crushes on e " ·nrn(•n, Still ·more fol'cihly is this illustt·ated· by th e
dass will in the end <~ r·ush th e rest; what ens laves r larnps ani! dnr·king stools of Old England, appli ed to
woman will inevitably enslan• man--a knowl ('dge of hom:rwiYes who Wf'l'<' not as mee k as they were required
tir e fa.ct tha t we hum a n bei ngs, lik e the cells of our to he. •
bodi es, are so closely link ed togeth er· t hat the infec tion
PreYious to the middh' of the nineteenth century
of on e pcl'son 01' one group with any so cial disease organization waf; pr11dir:all.v impossible for wom en, and,
threatens ever-y other person 01' every oth er group.
as is always thl' case wh en th e oppressed are disinte.Jn other words, Democracy necessitates th e 11wak cn- gratrd. th ry distl'nstcd eac h oth er a great deal; all
ing of a soe ia! consciousness. '\V e n eed to fee l, as w'o mankinrl was diridPC! against itself. But as soon as
·wordsworth has ex pr·essed it, that we ar·e " free because ol'ganiz11tion hreanw possibl e, this was changed.
inthound. " · V·l c need to combat the narrow, individual- Opprrf;sion loRt its sul'e foothold, women ceased to
istie ,·iews, bulwarkrd by thousands of years of class d:st r·ust each ot ht·r·, and IParned to loYe each other with
· distinction and privileges and countl ess en1 elti es of rnau a mighty loH' sn(·h as they had n~ver dreamed of.
to man and man to woman, wJ1ich dominate us today . '\ Yith that lov e awnkt' necl the first glow of social con. Th e motto. which has for so long typifi ed the avcr·age sc·iousn r ss, which hnd lain do!'1i1ant in them since the
mi nd, "~'f e and my wif~, onr son -John and his wi fe; ti111 e th e? were tnk rn from th e open fi elds and campfires
II ' four and no more, " must be discarded and in its
of th l' r ommunistir trihe to labor in the lon ely abode
stead we must sing:
of th e despoti c patriHeh.
" And rYei·ything that's min e
._\!though , in thP heginning efforts to organize
ls you rs, and yours, and yoursworn <'n wer(' rxt J·rmr ly slow in bringing results
_ _ _ _ _ _......_.',~.C-.<o b.itm,n~ ·
i-nt-•-1.- - - - - - - --!tm'l
pre.JU 1ce, to ay no oth er organi- ·
zations grow with the same rapidity as do organizaL et's lor k our wealth outdoors!' '
T
Tn
�'J' h e lV est e 'r n
tions of women. In the last twenty-five years there
lt:~s heen a radical change in the attitude of women
t owftrd women's org~1nizations, and a still more radical
d11mge in the attitude of these organizations toward
sol'iPty. At first they w er e meek voices asking fearsomc·ly that women he accorded human rights. They
asl<rcl for c·oll eges for girls ; for property rights for
nwrr-ir.d wom<>n : the priviiPge of speaking on a public
pl:1t rorm: a fc·"· daring ones even mentio;ned the ballot.
l~ut 'tht·y nc\·e r asked mor·e than that the chains be
st r·ic·h,·n off and ,,·omen he allowed to walk in the
••1"1 ll' I rl.
Tod:r~· tltPv ar·p no lollg-<'t' timid. They ha\·e ceased
t n lH· <·onll·11t \rit h asking that women be allowed
to wnlk in tlt P \\·ol'ltl. Tht>y now d emand the right
t 11 ma kP t hl' world , to mould it. It is in attempting
)d T'"llliiJ\P lhf' \\·orJd th a t flt<'? rP\'iYe the SOCial Spirit
" ltidt shonP so rp;;pl t•rHl<'nt ly in the long ago time of
" ·hif'it :\lor·gan a11<l Ba<·hofC'n allCl other anthropologists
l~;!\·r gi\·rn us suC' h YiYi<l pidures.
~inC'e thPir isolation from the industrial and politt•·:li \I'Orl<l of m<'n has in a l aq.~<' in easnre prevente1d
II'Oilll'n fr·ont !wing- im hued with e!ass motives, they
Ita\'<' 110 ohs t :~<· l t•s to the drYelopmcnt of. their social
sp trtt ThPir· organizations haYe no class lines; their
aims ar·r 110t hasPd on class interrsts, hut human
int t•rests.
:It is this fa ct that L·ausrs th e militant women of
Erq.d:md to fi~ht for th e ballot with a vehemence that
s•·••tns so slat·! ling to frightPned onlool<rrs. No abstt·aet
iolt•a of t h<'ir right t o Yot e causes th em to disturb the
p<·a<·<! and tl••stroy the proppr·ty of a nation, but an
intrnsr longin g t o combat th e tC'tTihk degenerating
,.,·ils of a man -mad e <:lass system, of whid1 the bondage
,,f women is only one manifestation. 1t is the picture
ol' the raggrd, decrrpit citizens of lJondon 's East Side,
ll'!tosc liws n ever gleam to the full, hut gl imm er
fa intly likP str·rPt lamps in a fog, that drives them on;
pivturrs of the little children grow in g gnar·led from
lahor il'l th ei r yo uth, and those who are born deformed
because their mothers labored too h eavily while they
horc th em. Th ry. hear not only th e bitter cry of the
o· hildr·en , hut th e hitter cry of tlr•· world, and they go
to answer it.
The same motives t h at direct th ese English women
d irrd the wonwn of every other nation who arc active
in th~ir orgtmizations. Once they knew only that
t!t <'Y net•d ed th e world. Now they know also that the
\m rld ncPd s t hem- not merely their own sex, their
ow n rlass or· t heir· own group-but the whole \-vorld.
'l'h ry ha,·r learn ed that every problem, whether it
h~ a man pr·obl em, a woman pr·oblem or a · ch ild
pr·!>hlcm is un iYersal in its r each. They know that if
pros! itution rnins the lives of th e women driven tq
_ _it it also brutalizes the men who associate with these
,,·omc·n, as w ell as making moral cowards of th e
so-called "good' ' women who ma rry the men ; if child
c0 m r a d e
375
labor phyRically degrades little children,· it ~orally
degrades their parents and their employers; if exploita-.
tion weaken!> the workers, P!l-rasitism weake~s the
rapitalists; if poverty brreds disease and makes wrecks
of hnman beings, excessive wealth does likewise; if the
slavishness of the oppressed is the enemy .of progress,
so is the brutal intolerance of the oppressors; if women
are enervated physically and stunted mentally by a
narrow environment, their children will be enervated
and ~tunted also. Thev know that social deficiencies
travel in: a rii·cle, and ~ust be eliminated from e~ery
section df societv
. . or thev will not down. These women
k now, ~s tlre'y know two and two make four, that
society is a unit.
Rut the class-divided, strife-ridden world at large
does · not . yet know it-scorns the idea, fights it. It
divides itself artificially in politics and in 'industry;
it even esta,hlishes
moral code by which it seeks to
rl rlude itself into believing that it is justified in its
fol ly a ud .declares, in the words of Blal\e:
.
a
' l\f r.r(\y would be no more
Tf there were nobody poor,
And pity no more would be
If all were as happy as we:
And mntnal fear hrings peace;
l\1isrry 's increase
Are mrrcy, pity, peace.
Tn ans,~' er to that ot·ganized womankind puts forth
a g-reater t-ff01't to in culcate into school and state and
workshop the idea ~f social interdependence. Through
the rnr.dium of magazines and newspapers, from the
puhlic platfor·m and thr·oi.rgli such legislation as they
t·an secure, women attempt to impress upon casteblinded mankind the fact of its common bonds.
Even as the workers are. doing, t h ey are striving
to imhue the world with the fire of Democracy, the
spirit of Democracy, which must precede any economic
readjustm ent.
•
Like the work er~, they are singing the song of
Hohert Bums:
It's com in g y€t for a' that
'l'hat man to man the warld o'er
S hall brithers be fo r a' t hat,
and ar·e urging the mass to take up the r efrain.
F-5849 ; MAIN 1407.
EXPONENTS OF
the Square Deal For
Everybody. We mah
our own Candies, Ice
Creams and Ices, that
is the reason they are
Better
- ·- ·-
LUNCHEON ELEVEN TO TWO
427 SOUTH BROADWAY 427
�§1)6
T b e W e $ t ·e 'r ~ C om r a d e
. By EMANUEL JULIUS
REVIEWING THE REVIEWER
wherein the seven-year-old boy is in the company of
Th e first impression "Reviewing the Reviewer " a number of drinking Italians. · It follows:
'gives the r eader is that I am going to review myself,
''·One ;young Italian, Peter, . an impish soul, seeing
but even though I am capable of so impertinent a me )tting, solitary, stirr~d by a whim of the q~.oment ,
proeedure, I am to do nothing more than ~peak of half-fil]e0: '8: tumbler with wine and passed it to me. I
Charl es Vale's review of Jack London's "John Barley- .. declined: ."His face grew ste·rn, and he insistently proff'Om," whieh appears in the January Forutn. I r eview fered the wine: ~d then terror descended upon me('h<~r1f's Vale's critiqu e and pr·aise it with all my a terr?J' which I must explain.
powers, hf'eause it 's the l<ind of r eviews I_\vou!d write
"My mother had theories. First, she ·steadfastly
i r J only had th e t iu c.
maintained that·brunettes and all the tribe of dark-eyetl
Not hing so frank and sincere, and therefore clean humans· were deceitful. Needless to say, my mother
and l)(•aut if'ul , has hcen written for a long time, says was a blonde. · Next, she was convinced that the dark:\lr. Valt·. "For· .Ja(·k London is not mer ely the author . eyed Latin races were profoundly sensitive, profoundly
or rnauy r·iJieulously succr.ssf'ul hooks," the writer · treacherous,' and profoundly murderous. Again and
11dds. " li e is a mau , and a poet."
·again, drinking in the strangeness and the f earsomeness
l\lr·. Val e asks: "Could any other have giYen such of the world fr.om her lips, I had heard her state that
a pid11r·e <IS this of the delirium of a ~hild of seven?" if.. OJ?e offend'ed an Italian, no matter how slightly and
Il e then quotes:
unintentionally, he was certain to r etaliate by stabbin g
"All th e content of the t errible and horrible in my one in the back. That was her particular phrasechild 's mind spill ed out. The most frightful -visions 'stab you in t he back' • • •
were r ealiti es to me. I saw murders committed, and
" H e·r e was a treacherous, sensitive, murderous
I was pursu ed by murder·ers. l screamed and raved Italian offering me hospitality. • • • He had those
and fo11ght. My suffcr·ings were prodigious. Emerg- t errible black ·ey_es I had heard my mother talk about.
ing from such delirium , I "'auld hear· my moth er 's • • • P erhaps he had a few drinks. At any rate his
voi('(•: 'But the child 's b~ain. H e will lose his r eason. ' eyes were brilliantly black and sparkling with deviltry.
And siniking hack into delil'ium , I would take the idea They wer e th e myst erious, the unknown, and who was
with me and be immul'cd in madhouses, and be I , a seven-year-old, to analyze them a nd know their
beat en by keepers, and surr·onnrl crl by - screeching prankishness In them I visioned sudden death, and
lunatics. • ·• •
I declined the wine half-heartedly. Th e expression in
"One thing that had st r·ongly impressed my young his eyes changed. 'l'hey grew stern and imperious as
111 in<l was th e talk of my clder·s a bout the dens of
he shoved the tuml>ler of wine closer.
iniquity in San Francisco's Chinatown. In my delirium
" What could I do ? I have faced r eal death since
I wandered deep beneath the ground through a thou- in my life, but n ever have I known the fear of death
sand of these den , and behind locked doors of iron as I knew it th en. • .• • I threw ba ck my head and
I suffer ed and· died a thousand d eaths. And when l gulped the wine down . • • •
would come upon my fath er, seated at table in these
"Looking back now, I ca n realize that P eter was
subterranean cr·ypts, gamblin g with hiuese for great astounded. lie half-filled a second tumbler and sho,·ed
stakes of gold , all rny ·outr·age gave vent in th e vilest it across the table. Frozen with fear, in despair at tire
cursing. I would rise in bed, struggling against the fat e which had hcfall en me, I gulped the second glass
detaining 'hands, and curse my fat her till th e rafter·s down lik e the fi rst . . • • •
ran g. All the inconceivabl e filth a child running at
"This was t oo mu(' h fo r Pl'tt>r·. H e must share t he
large in a primitive countryside may hear men utter infant pTodigy he had discovered. H e call ed Dominick,
wns mine; and though I had n eve.r dared .utter such a young moustachetlltalian,. to see the sight. This time
oaths, they now poured fr·om me, at the top of my it was a ·full tumbler that was given me. One will do ·
lun gs, ns l cursrd my father sitting ther e underground anythinig to liw. I g ripped myself, master·ed the
·and gambling \'i·ith long-haired, long-nailed Chinamen ...._ qualms that rose m my throat, and downed the
"The whole of t his episode," says Mr. Vale, "is stuff. • • •
- - -Ho<o}l41.-?.ing t.llou.g.h ·, ·
11
Pefllftl"k~
u'O'k-.~..~.---'"'fi
r seen an tn an o sue 1 1ero1c
TJ c calls attention to th e pas age .in l\Ir. I..ondon 's book caliber. Twice again he refilled the tumbler. each time
�Tlu~-
We, tee
Comrade
the--bmn, and watched the eonten
· ppear dolii:D
my throat. By this time 1DJ' exploit were attraetin
attention. lliddle~aged Italian Iabore , old-eountry
peasant• who did not talk Englisb, surrounded me.
'rtu:'Y were swarthy and wild~looking; they wore belt
and red Hhim; and they ringed me around like a pirate
10
vh<JTUJJ.
•
•
•
" How much I drank I do not know. My memory
,( it iH o( an age-long smffering of fear in the midst
,( , a murderouG crew, and of an infinite number of
l!l<IHJIIt'K o( :rrd wine pas ing ucross the bare boards of
a wim·-drenched table and going down my burning
fhroaL • • •
'' J w aH fronwn, I waH paralyzed with fear. The
ouly mo\·ement T made was to convey that never-ending
JII'IJI'I'HKion of g'lfl!!f~CH to my lips. I was a poised and
IIWtinnleHK rPN!ptaelc for all that quantity of wine. It
l11y irwr't in my ft•!u·-inert stomach. • • • So aU that
J f 11 litm 1·ri'W lool<cll on and marvelled at the infant
)'lwuonwnon tlwt down win e \\'ith the sang-froid of an
ill lfOIIIIIf OII .
.\11d so
•
1!11·
•
wltetfrer·
.,
1·hild
pas~wd
on to. the dreadful after-
in
niarring."
Ill atli .
PRAGMATISM AGAIN
I
N •' The J,argr r· Asprcts of Socialism' ' William
Bnglish Walling has rcv.i ved th e question,
" \\' lint il,; 1.!1 c philosophy of Socialism ?" and inasIIIU ·II us h • has proJdcd out of theit· state of philosophic introsp ction a few of our worthy Dietzgeninn R, 1hr r·cby !Jr·ing i ng to th e· foreground the wcrrks of
.fos!•plt Dirtx<•en , whi ch of lat e have lain unm ent iorH' U i11 th e Jilmtri rs of a few, to the great harm
of th r So·inli.t moYr ment, he has done a praiseworthy thiitg. But when it comes to passing off a
f'O illJ>OR it
of Stirnr r-N ietzsehe-Ellen Key-.John
Dt·wry philosophy a "The Larger Aspects of So!'inlism," h • hns r sny d n .thankless task.
To quol!• 'Mnr·cus Hitch· one of the aroust•d Dietz'l'lliuns:
nlmost ecms n if t.h book wer e an att empt
ia li m the brilliant writers of the
Jndiviuuali t- mll' hi t
hool to whom proletarian
lih•t·utur·c i, nn abomination . . . .
" \ ~ w •r u t a war that the pragmatists had
dL,tingui h •d them. el\'c in the Sociali t movement
in nuy wny, not \ 'CD by howinu the u efuln«' of
I h<'il' 1 hil ~ophy to th w rkin ~ c~a . . . .
"No douht om of the ,~ ayin.,:- of th pra!!'luati ·t
l'nnhl he interprt'l cd faYorably to
oeiali m · no
i onht ut-h wn not th int ntion of the pragmati t.
~
a phd opby of method
"]t
1o l• ln im for . _
ARE WE A DEMOCRACY .
W
R.ITJNG in a recent issu of Reedy 's Mirror,
Orrick Johns repeats the question : Ar
we a democracy Y Is the constitution n hart t• of
popular liberty or a private contract in favor of
the owners 1 Old questions; and many ditodol
writers always ask them .when subjects bee-om somewhat scarce. Her!') is what Mr. John Macy says in
his hook, "The Spirit of American Literatur ":
''America is not a d emocracy; it is a vast bourgeoise.'' Of course, we radical Socialists have be n
say ing this for y ears ; it is often consoling to have a
•:onscrvative say you are right, though you wouldn 't
want that to happtn too often. While Mr. ,Johns
reaffirms his faith in American d emocracy he, :for 11
moment, nppears concerned over the abs~ncc of
patriotism; but, h e waves it all aside with this: 1£
America w er e threatened with invasion, radical and
pr·iyiJeged fop would stand together to defend it.
True, but Mr.•Johns should remember t hat the real
cn~mi es a re not invaders; they a re our b st citizens;
they ar e in the hou ehold. 1t :iR our mission to s arch
out our enemies f 1·om ·w ithin. 'J'hey arc mor dang rou_ than threatening out ider - granting there arc
snc·h. ~oth ing is more stupid than the patl'ioti 111
tl1at . ay this is the best country because, a.s Abe.w
put it, you happened to he horn in it. 'rhc tru
patriot i one who is frank enough to admit biH
(·otmtry has fault. ; that it bas no democracy, and
who adds bv God. these eonditioils must chao e!
�Tj},je
tern Comrade
The Lost
By EDGCUMB PI 1 CHO
E
A Great Poet·of the Revolution
OGCUMS P l'lliiCHO'N ls destined <to. ta'ke tais place wit!h t!le ·g..,.eat poets of t 1:re ...evo,utilln. Wre'No: h~ fl'tv~r t'O
write .aDother liln e, t!he coneetio·n of e1_ght ,o f '"'• !8Dngs n~w in Ute hands cl T h e Wre-st~m Com'l'"a'dre for
.exclu.siv.e publication, would ent'l•t le Him ·to 1rank w ith tihe very truest ln'ter;pre'te'MI in :sllng f tlf'e 'iJl'l tft 'Of
revolution .a nd tlhe .a scenda·n t lbrothe"ri!ood •o f trr.tn· 'T o have brought P.lrte'ho·n '& ·s on'g'S beforre th~ cpubll-c I'S
an achievement of which · Th e ·western Comrade i s more; tha·n proud. Yea·r s ago 'P inchon WNI't~ :song'S of a tilt•
ferent ki nd-capitalist p.o.e ms. . Then came. the awakening ten years ago. He vowed nev~r to writ~ anoth~r line,
For ten years h.e repressed the music in his soul. And then, like flood waters these new •s ongs burst from his Ups.
As he himself p.uts it , " These songs are the result of ten years of repression." " The Lost $trlke" ha·s b~en sel~ted
as the one to be given publication first. The others will follow, a collection of gems of . the pu re'St ray, for the
Socialists of the g reat, inspiring West.-The Ed itors.
T
liE sll'il((• is lost '1
·w L.-
laugh at you, you. eon-
sonu.' he<lds, blast ed so11w woman' ears with fou l
CJiler·ors of a day !
abuse;
( lur uufPd IH·llit•s sllal<e with lau g ht er at you!
But in .the hands of that whirh l!nides the univc r'Sl'So iiP r·iomd y you puff ami strut a nd prate of victor·y: .
yolll· littl e i ll has wroug ht a mighty good.
Your· lit tIt>· polit·l'lll<' ll with thl'ir tiny clubs,
\\' e strnt k- a thousand mutinous ·laves;
Yo i ll' pr·l'! t.v jingling Cossal'ks, n eat a nd trim , likt' \\'" ],1~e -a thousa nd "·arr·iors, p ledged to t he social
IIU r·sl· r·y t o_vs,
You!' s pitti11 g- ~laxin1s 011 th cil' polish ed motor-cat·s.
Your puny pnndpr·<·r·s, hired i11 a hrothel, decked with
shpr·i fl"s st nl'- li l'eused to hru e t heir- hands in
wor·kf'r's' hlood .
Y Ol H
<·omi<·nl iujunetions, writs and ordinances,
Your mimic l:onrts, yom· doll 's-house jail,
Your clockwork press ticking off clockwor·k lies,
Your' tr·icky sticks of dynamite, your planted bombs!
- 'l'hcsc are ~'O ur gods. 'l'o whom you turn in time of
Jwed ; to whom you pray, whom you adore!
Fit gods nre they fo t· YOU!
1
T
HE strike is lost . A lie! No strike is lo t, nor
l'\ 'l'l' shall be!
We \lou om· ehnins ngain-uncowed, and wait-and
laugh.
YUll and yt1uu· ]iH]e- god! . have do,ne ome ilf-broken
war·--rapt in R social fait h- bt·oth cr s and sisters
eo.111pact in holy solidnrity.
THE
strike is lost ?
qu erors of a day!
W c laugh n t you, you cott-
Our unfe.!l bellies shake with laughter· at you I
So set·iously you puff and st rut and prate of victory!
Look fo n vard five-ten years! Your hour l1as come I
<'all out your gods- a nd hid th em roll the tide of evolution back !
Ca ll out your gods-and bid them bind the stars!
Call out your gods-and bid them with their tiny
bludgeons hatter th e h eart from I.Jabor· 's mighty
breast!
Your hour has come!
(ir at Labor laughs-and with one earele s, jo irtl
sweep of his broad hand. hurls you and yotn• de'nl'
gods-your litUe gods-into the noisome ·vfllt o£
Nature' . excreme·n t.
�The We ,s tern Com rade
WA TED:
By EMA
UEL JULI
S
'D LIKE to vrite ~ tory
aid .A.Ih rt
h, I anticipate · you are
F. cott, glancing up from a l etter commonplace. · he, a fooli h 'tom. n
which had just been delivered. .
they meet, and there is a .mu l1y en · th y talk ab ut
''A ni e tory T ' his wife a k d, goinll' through life together-he workln for ftnm and
smilin!! at him.
alory, lie helping him
dofu hi typ writing and
... . .
''No; any kind of a tory Albert rolling his cigarette ; th:y marry are oon -Qh"""re >d
answered, gravely. i' He tell me I ·may and lh::e h~appily ever after."
say anything I care to
Tha '
' Notlling of the ort ' · h·e napped· ' ho' onld
1t•mpting, I must confess. It's not every mail thA
you think 'me gvilty of n h a rim~ '
),J·ings me an offer like this."
'.Then he is mar.ri d · h meet her bopin t<l et
In mock seriousness, he : aid :
...
a.- tory; be, fall in lov with him. Then ·colll
" While the editorial sun shines on you, it i wj e
tartling clima:x-ye God l- I am di eov red!
h,
1o 111ake hay and keep the pot a-boiling."
knows I have a \VUe, and am father of a che -ild .'
" Yes, my dea r, I would like to let t his dear editor
he scfeams :· 'In spit of all your writin and fame I
havr something, but t he trouble with me is that I 'm .you ' are a scoundrel and a deceiver, h. Ftluntl roy
:ts dry as the Sahara desert. I really can't write
and·t ·hatl)you I bate you! Go back to out wi'f ·and
~t Ol'.Y ; I haven 't an idea in my mind.''
writings· and_ write of the heart you have br~k n.
"Oh, come," she laughed ; " it's not so serious as
"Oh, . Albert, how you slander me ' . aid his wif >.
that, fo r this story writing is a simple matter. Let us ."He. wasn lt ·married· at all-quite single· but sh - h
sec if we can 't get something that will make a story. was m'a ,rried-so she co.uldn't have been d ceived; he
.\ letter like t his isn't to be sneezed at."
was the one who began the tli.ing in the fir t pla
"Good!" exclaimed Albet·t, seating himself at th e
"Well, what happened t " Albert asked quickly.
tahl e and placing paper before him; "help me get a
"Of course, they met-"
story; and if it goes, I 'II divide t he spoils. "
"To be sure, they met- there couldn t be a· t ry if
" Very well; now then, what shall it beY"
th ey didn't .meet. But what happened t That's what
" What shall it be 1" Albert r epeated.
I want to know."
" Oh, I see; I 'm to do it all-,'.' with a bow ; " ,·ery
"They met, and the foolish littl
tory wTit r
"·dl , I 'm willing to try."
smoked a ciga'r ette in a perfectly insipi(l mann r .
Fot· a full miniute she rema.ined in deep thought ; stared at him-well, she \Vas a ·fo.olish woman. It wn
th en, het· face lighting up suddenly, she said, quickly: inevitable that .those tyvo fools should fall in lov '' Once upon a time there was a foolish little man, the wondet· would be if they didn 't. Well, he told h t•
\r ho had a foolish vocation. This foolish, little man he loved her, and she let him kiss her; and as th ~
wrote foolish, little stories to help support his foolish , sipped wine in a cafe, they looked into each other's yc
•
li ttl e self and his foolish whims."
and seemed to say: 'Ah, we belong to -each other ; 1 t
'' I don't know what. you are driving at,'' Albert us rid ourselves of this pest of a husband. '
drawl ed, "but, I mu t confess, that's a pretty good
"'fhings moved rapidly- they always do when t ' o
lt·ad. I may use it.''
fools get together. · They met a few times, and talk d.
"And," she continued, "this foolish·, little story a few hours, and soon convinced themselves that God
writer had a fai~ly good· memory, a quick eye and a had made them for each other. As for her husband ;
\\:ell-oiled typewriter, and managed, in quite a passahle bah \ 'rhey would leave-go to Paris- y;es, yes, gay
mauner, to express other people's originalities-not a Paris--Ah, this foolish, little story writer would writ
hnd word- originalities- you might use it. So, this ]oYe stories of Par.isian studio life; he would sur ly 11
fooli h, little story writer -succeeded in selling lots of much to the foolish editors- yes, it was aU very simpl .
his foolish storie to editors whose business it was to
"Ro, the day was set for the following Saturday;
JH'int. foolishness in magazines that were r ead by thou- t1 is foolish writer of silly stories and this simp] ·and of foolish wom en.
minded woman were to go off- to Paris.
' One folish woman wrote a letter to tliis uninter" But news-that is, gossip- travels fast-it got to
P:ting story writer, and to her surprise, she r eceivied her husband- gossip always does. The world is full
au an wer. It was a short, sweet note offering thanks of anonymous letter writ r , who ~ b lieve it their
-H)f'-ftt'~r-'l}f'fttse--o~
r
tril d-i
eser
·
and8-JJW>nt:l6G-.n4J~~'-.a--.\ nd, a· he wa a silly woman· she wrote again. '
But, he wasn 't a foolish husband ; ther are
With an impatient waYe. Albert· said:
some sensible men in thi~ world. If he had been a
,
.'..· _I . :.
n"'
ay:
·a·
�380
The We'stern Comrade
foolish husband, he would have run for his revolver, going to be specific: l simply wish to tell you that
and then, another newspaper story. But, he wasn't I have not tried to deceive you into running off with
of the shooting kind. I said he was a sensible husband. my wife; I want you to know that I have warned you. '
"And, in addition, this husband remarked that he
' ' So, he found the foolish young writer of foolish
wished the pair would have a pleasant journey; he
stori~s in his apartment-the foolish writer even had all
his trunks packed; he wa.s ready to go. That was quite hoped they wouldn't get sea sick, and that if it wasn 't
a predicament foz· the husband of the foolish, little asking too much, would they kindly send him a few
woznan; but he sm iled-he had a sense of humor- p icture posta-l cal'ds when they got on the other side '!
" 'I'Ye been saving European postals for years,' he
like all sensible husbands. So, he shook hands with
the foolish literary fellow and wished him a pleasa:nt remark('d: 'they ' are so much better than ours.'
" 'And,' this husband said, 'you will undel'stand
trip.
·
tl1at
from this day I look upon you as my best friend:
"lfe told the writer of silly stories that he had long
you
are
going to do me a gl'eat service. It shows that
her·n hopin g to get rid of his wife. -' i 've been wanting
some
persons
are willing to do their fello\v-man a fa \'or
.a n exr•usl' for a divorce action, but l 've ne:ver had luck
once
in
a
while.'
('notz~h to have her do something-! _always was
";L'bat husband shook• hands with that silly writer
llllltll:ky.'
'' 'l'his w.as stmngc, and it upset the foolish young of fool·ish stories, and left him. The foolish stol'y writer
\\Tilr>r. But, the husband of the foolish, little woman - smoked another cigarette, bit his lips until they lJied
\rasn't finished. Ife had more to say. 'I only want you and then wrote a note to the foolish, little womJm, t ell1o grant mP a favoz·,' the husband .said; 'will you he ing her that he regretted he couldn't make the tz·ip. · '
'Il<'r story at an end, !>he asked:
l;ind enough to allow me the use of your name· as
''Don't you think that ought to make good fir·(·urz·pspondl-'nt I wouldn't care to do it unless I got
tion ~"
~· our permission.'
Albert shook his head and said:
"And tu thifl, hP added:·
"~o, you arc too late; that story has already been
" ' I wish you all the luck in the world, my dear
sir; hut no man can say I ever played him a mean trick, written. ''
"By whom 1"
so, to elea z· my conscience, I have decided to come to
you and honestly wam you of your danger. 1- am not ·
"By that foolish writer of foolish stories. "
Names That Do-n't Apply
T
H E ski lled wol'l{crs, who call the unskilled" anarc histic" and th e unskilled workers, who call
the skilled ''capitalistic,' ' unit e in calling the or·ganizations of womeu '' boul'gcois. '' They judge them as
t hey judge each 'Other- from th~ ir own point of view,
havin g in mind their own conditions and problems
and not t hose of t he wo.men. The skilled workers·
who know that theiz· method of fighting must he
diffcr·rnt fz·om t hat of th e unsldll ed, and Yice Ycr·sa.
the unsl<ill cd, who know th ey must fight in a wny
different from t he way of th e skill ed, can not conceive of th e sa me thin g applying to women; thnt
their· economi c posit ion, social position and political
position hr ing- clifft>rrrft fr·o1i1 t hat of the mass of
wot"l;pz·s. thL• psyc·hology \\·ith which t hey haYe to deal
heing dilfl•r·ent, tht>y lllUst, th erefore, orga~ize cliffcl'cntly and fig ht differently, heiug none the less geuu-
----1-~i~.,.-~~illUn~illi---------------------
But I am inclined to be optimistic and so believe
as surely as I believe t hat the cat will come home
again that before th e crack of doom, the workers will
come to •see that women are no more ' ' bourgeois''
because in their conventions th ey do not wear out a
couple of sets of Roberts' Rules of Order· or violently
thl'ow out a few delegates than the skilled workers
a z·c "capitalistic" because thry keep agreements with
employers or the unski ll ed are'' anal'chistic ''because
th ey don 't.
ln elif1!-bing the Alps one needs an Alpine staff.
in traYersing th e Sahara, a good supply of water,
a nd in wadin g through the eve rgl ades, a preventive
!'or malaria. He who went into the desert or up into
I he mounta ins loaded wit h quinine or into the e,·crg-lad(•s "·it h hra "Y \\·atcr hottlcs strapped to his back
\\' Otdd jw;t ly lw seoffed at as a fool ish one. "Sa he ?..
~. ~'
--- -----------------------------1-
�T h .e W e s t e r n C o m r a d e
381
THE MERRY GO 'ROUND 'ByC.M.W.
1914 ·NURSER-Y JINGLES
Little Bo Peep
Has lost ·her sheep,
And don't know where to find them.
Poor little Bo,
She doesn't know
! That Armour's gone and canned
.,
them !
.
ZOOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
('apitalist Worm to Proletarian ;~g to picK: the· leaves now to pay
\\' urnt : .. H ere's a nice comfortable the rent on· the hole that I dug 1"
hule I 'll 1·ent you for ten leaves a
Capitalist )Vorn:t· "You are."
day. payable in a<.hanee..'' ,
Prolet'arian Worm: "I, don't sec
...... l'ruletarian \\' orm: "Say, :who how you worked it !''
d11!{ that hole?"
Capitalist Worm: "S up erior
( 'apitalist Worm: · "You did." I brains, old chap, superior brains!
l't·oletarian Worm: "\Yho 's go- Th at's alL"
I
I
THE TIK TOK ARMY
a d n ortisement tells us that
tlil're a re Ingersoll watches in th e
po..J\ets of 32,000 Americans.
And yet some say there arc no
,.]asses.
.\ 11
..
THREE CHEERS
All in one day a· woman, thirtyfive years of . age killed herself
because she could · find no worl{,
Califo rnia broke . into the Social
Hegist er, a bunch of gamblers were
libera t ed on $10 bail bonds eac~, a
poor bum of a vag was given ninety
days, a rich auto speeder -w~s apolo·
ge t'1call y giVen
a fi ne of $10, an d
tl1e pres1'd en t of a Ch am ber of com·
d'
t
d
th.
t
··t
·
merce pre 1c e
a prospert y was
back among us. Who DARES critiCJse capitalism?
I
GOTHAMISTIC CULTURE
.
:llayor·
Mrtchell
announced
that
.
r
.
,,
:--;,.,,., , York C1ty
had
been
cleaned
. .
·
but w1thm twenty-four hours
up,
.
1'1\'a I gangs of gunmen had c las~ed
iu a saloon with two fatalities.
- \" ews Item.
If a body meet a body
PICKI~G ON ASTOR
Load in ' up wi' rye
Vincent
Astor, our richest 'oung
lf a body bean a body
man,
has
declined
the invitation of
N eel'!. it worry you or I?
Upton Sinclair to espouse the cause
of Socialism and dig up his coin ·to
RELIGION A LA CARTE
aid in pushing the propaganda of
"Unto him that hat h shall be revolution. About the only comment
gin.>n. "--Sermon text for Highbrow needed is th e obvious remark that
pulpiteer.
for a lad of his y ears Vince shows
'' lt shall be easier for a camel to a whol e lot more sense th:an Uppy,
pass through the eye of a n eedle who, as John Spargo says, seerris to
than for a rich man · to enter the have his Socialism considerably
ki ngdom of heaven. "-Sermon t ext mixed with his fiction. Consid erably
fo r Lowbrow pulpiteer.
"'
is putting it mildly, at that.
·' Suffer littl e children to come
unto me. "-Ser·mon text for AlaSays a newspaper headline:
" ..TATT1 ·frRUST LAW VIOLAha ma pul piteer.
' ·Solomon ·in all his glory was not
'l'ORS," SAYS WILSON. "
<IITayed lik e one of these."- Sermon
And yet we arc told that newslt-.x t fo r Fifth avenue (New .York) papers are printed for the purpose
of publishipg NEWS!
yu lpiteer.
Little Jack Horner
Grabb.e d off a corner
Jn oats and wheat and rye.
He stuck 'round awhile
And clean ed up a pile
OffofsheepsuchasyouandL
I
Old l\Iotber Hubbard.
Went to the cupboard
To get for herself an eggBut when she got there
The cupboard was bare.
Poetic license h ere allows the
. plain statement that the egg was at
that moment m the Histo.rical
l\fuseum.
ELASTICITY !
A railroad train hit a rotten raif
and went into the ditch. Half a
hundred p ersons were killed.
Tire trust that sold the rail knew
.it was rotten.
The railroad that bought the rail
knew it was :r:otten.
On Sunday the trust magnate and
the railroad magnate sat side by side'
in th eir beautiful church. · ·
"Praise God from whom . ~ll blessings flow," they sang in unison.
MARY JANE
A Wisconsin legislative commission has discovered, so it is r eported,
that girls in what. is called ''domestic
service" form a 1pajor percentage of
those wlto fall into ways that are
evil. l r-regular hours of work and
the lack of normal opportunities for
pleasu r·c are given as the causes.
Hcl?ular hours for those engaged in
housework are r ecommended. Depal'tment store owners will receive
this hit of news with great glee, it is
likely.
�The Western Comrade
WHEN REVOLUTIONISTS MEET
An interview that should forever ly, turning to l\Ir .
~lacy,
''you;. of the home, of th'e parents, of the
! workers, are so intolerable. "
"Of both, for you are one. She
"Certainly, certainly, that is true.
is the creator of a soul, but you had But we must educate children so
the soul to be created." Then she that they will know how to free
murmured to :t!fiss Geprge ·and l\1iss themselves and others from bondage.
George translated: "She i~ using an And the first thing is to bring our
Italian word .,vhich cannq( be ren- children under the care of worthy
dered in E_ngl4sa. It is' a·combina- teachers. You and Mrs. Macy symtion _of 'precious' and 'tender.''.' . bolize such education, the education
"i have followed you.~; career for of the future, the development of a
year};. Professor Fer'r.e ri told, me soul by the union of aJ?. inspiring
much obout you. Do you r.emecitber teacher and the child whose soul has
him "
Professor Ferreri is an -grown freely with such stimuli as it
Italian teacher.of the deaf who some needs and without the stimuli thnt 1
years ago read a fe\V stanzas of debase and hinder growth.''
Dante with Mis8 KeUet•.
,
"When you think of the appalll\'fiss Keller's face lighte'd. "Oh, ing conditions," said Miss Keller,
yes, I remember hiim.
"under which people live, it some" Dottoressa," a~ked Miss George, times seems a miracle that the chil"don't you want to ' t en · her some- dren grow up at all to intelligence
thing about the children in the house and decency."
of childhood?"
There was a moment 's pause, dur"Tell her this," answered Dr. ing which everyone seemed to be
Montessori," that my children under- thinking of the enormous mountains
stand her; they know the triumph of to be moved. Then Montessori said:
the soul over difficulties. But the "The Queen Margherita is much inchildren of the future, the men of the terested in you. "
future, will understand her even bet~
"I have heard that she is a sweet
t er than men do now, for they will and noble -woman."
he liberated and will know how the
"I~deed she is."
spir·it can prevail over the senses.''
''And they tell me the King, too,
"You," said Miss Keller, "are is a good man. All the same we
fighting for the freedom of children. must get rid of all kings."
• Mrs. Macy laughingly explained
We are fighting for the freedom of
the parents, for the industrial r evo- that Miss Keller was an uncomprolution. ''
mising revolutionist and naturally
"But it is all one," said the Dot- opposed t ohaving such officials as
toressa. "The complete revolution is kings. The inter view proceeds, with
external aud internal, too. "
Dr. Montessori speaking:
''How wide and far-reaching and
''Because of you the. world has a
many-sided," exclaimed Miss Keller, greater sense t han ever of the possi" is the Montessori system! "
bilities of the soul."
" I began," explained Dr. MontesMiss Keller pressed the Italian
sori, "as a sympathizer with politcial woman 's hand, and . said simply:
revolutionists of all kinds. Then I "Blindness and d eafness have th eir
came .to feel that it is the liberation compensations if there is someone to
of t hi's, what we han in our hearts, help. I cannot begin to tell you what
that is the b.11ginningi and end of my teacher's coming meant to me.
revolution. "
• She was almost blind herself. Sh e
" ut
.D-t.each me amid s
·.
"we never can have t he Montcsso:i roundings . Her eyes did not permi t
system or any other good system 0£· her to read. She knew almost n{)t Jr.
education so long as the cond it ~ons 1 ing of educational theory and ps~;-
hHc a place in some special niche should have said that o£ her. "
in thf' re:volutionists' hall of mein:ori es took place just a sh~rt time ago
in :\c·w York . Helen Keller there
nrl't Dr·. l\Iar-ia ::\'Iontessori, the
famous lt!llian educator. ,Neither
c·ould speak th e language of the
ot hr·r. hut I h err~ wer·c friendly souls
to tntns late. Miss Annie .E. George,
IH·ad of the ::\f ontessori schools in
\\' ashington. translated from Italian
into English the w rds repeated into
l\liss Keller's hands by Mrs. John
::\Int·y, her· teacher.
Thr· stor,v of' th e interview is told
I>~· t ht• ~ PW Yol'l< eorr·espondent of
·
lhl' Boston Herald:
l>r·. :\foul essori f'lll braced 1Vf rs.
:\lar·.v and 1\liss Keller and there was
l i r·onfuscd gr·cf'ting in Italian and
Eu~lish.
"Say to lrer," said the Dottoressa,
Miss George, "that I am too much
lllO\'f'd to express what I feel."
)[iss Keller stood with her hands
ou Dr·. Montessori 's shoulder·s. Then
she said distinctly: "Blessed are the
feet of her who comes across the sea
with a message of liberty to the
children of America."
'' How c·Jearly she speaks, and her
facP is lighted with her soul."
"I am glad," said Miss Keller,
" that your· lecture last night was so
successful ; they say the' hall was
erowded. ''
"Not all 'the thousands," r·eplied
Dr·. Montessori, "mean one-tenth as
much to me as this meeting. "
''I myself am a · product of the
Montessori method," and her hand
squght th e lips of Mrs. Macy, who
smil ed and nodded emphatica.lly.
"Does she know," asked Dr. l\'[ontcssol'i, "tha t I have written a dedieation to her for my new book?"
" Rhe knows t hat you have dedientC'd the book to her, but she does
not know what you have written."
- - - -';_,',l-Ila¥
ai'
&'
.eaJ,.\ned
hom you as pupil learns fror.i1 mast('r'. '' ·
"Rut," r eplied l\fiss Keller quic.k1o
I
J
�The Western Comra d e
~: hology, but taught me, as we say,
ont ofher own ea :
Dr. Montessori was studying Miss
Keller 's face. "In spite of all you
say, :\[rs. Macy, all your explanations
of how she was taught, I do not see
how her spirit has such vision. She
st'ems like a special revelation of
sorry that-..you had io come to this
hotel to see m . \\ hen I first camEf
to America I felt that I must rush
to you to render homage.''
. . '.' I hope, " said M:iiss Keller, "that
the next time I see y ou I shall be able
to speak with you in Italian-at
Rome:''
Aagelet -Citizeri
.1
A ·Labor paper that never backs
down, a Labor pap·e r that a:lways
goes . ahead ON THE . STRAIGHT
ROAD!
The Citizen is known from Coast
to Coast. as the best trade union pap er the · nation .has. The Citizen
brings to you each week an average
(:od ~"
of more than 12 p·ages of news and
" EYery child," said Miss Keller, WHAT THEY ARE SAY I NG A.BOUT US inspiration and education . concern- , ' ·"Keep up the good work. · Enclose'd
· ·l'an be a special renlation of God, find check fqr ·one·year's. subs-crlptton. to i.t;tg organized labor.
il' he is tought properly and is The Western Comrade."-E. Scates, . E.dited'by STAt4LEY B. WILS()N
nllo \\'ed to_ live under right condi- Oceanside, Calif.
The Citizen is eclited by 'Stanley B.
t ions. "
..
.
• •''
Wilson, one of the nation's Big Men
Eieanor We~tworth's article_!I.-Qn Fern- of Labor! His . editorials . are as
" Helen," said l\Irs. Macy, "was a
.
lnlsm are amazmg. They should be read 'd 1 ·
· d ll
h
,.,.,·olutionist before I was. 'l'wo or b
d
.
WI e Y COJ:!le .a ove~ t e country as
1 beIreve
Y every man an woman.
t~e . are tlie editorials of any other Labor
t iJ t'eP ·yeaTs before . I car ed for them,
would make a ·splendid book"fi g hter t od ay. Tha t 1s
· th e sure t est
.
· articles
. .
·
~dH· ha tl all these Ideas. You sec, I ~IIIIan Pelee, San Gabriel, Cal. .
of quality. Others know that what
•·oulu haYe mold ed her in my own
.
Wilson writes is THE REAL
likPJH'SS, I could have matle her a - " I sincerely wish you ·a bl'ight . fianrmd THIN(i! There 's an inspirati n a
prosperous new ·year .Enclosed
b dth f ·
· th
't' ·
f
•·opv of myself. But I left her free h k t 0
j I e-njoyed your this
~ rea
o view m e wrt mgs o
· .
,,
c ec
cover renewa ·
man seldom found in the work
to t hmk.
remarks on the Metropolitan Magazine.". ,o·f ed'1tor1a
· 1 wri'ters. In no oth er pa" That is it. Liberty to think."
So writes Wm. H . Barker, Berl!:el-ey, Cal. per can you get the WILSON EDI. · Did it ever occur to you, Dr. MonTORJALS! · Subscribe to The Citizen
Here's what Al!red Huetner~ ·of the d
·
t Psso t·i," asked Mrs. Macy, "that the
to ay!
University of South Dakota, says about
Th c·t·
sa lllf' icleas spr1'ng up 1
' n many parts The W-estern Comrade: "Let
•
e 1 tzen Wl'11 come to you f or a
me. say
of' t he world at about the same time Y.
dollar. yearWrap52a big
bill issues-for
in a sheet one
of
that The Western Comrade is the best of whole
I did not know of your work nor you Its kind the Socialist movement bas ever paper and mail it. Get a money orol' min e. What is it 1 Is it the spirit had. To say It is good, Is not sufficient; 'd&r if you prefer, or send a check. It
of t he age manifest here and t here in it is classic. I wish you success and as all goes. BUT DO IT · N0W 1 The
long as you keep your magazine In such Citizen, P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles,
on(' and another individual '''
·
shape, you will have my ardent support." Cal. ·
"It is all in what we want, " said
:\I iss Keller. "We ought to wailt I J. Holl-er, Gilroy, Cal., writes ~s folIIIOJ't', for what we want we get , if lows : "Allow me to congratulate you on
. ME AND WOODROW
ll'e want it hard enough. For ev- your manly declaration in The Western
President Wilson seems to have
Comrade 'About the Destructionlsts.'
ample, women want the vote, men Yours Is the only logical and, from an or- the idea that the governiQ.ent is wise
\ri!.nt better conditions of labor, and ganlaztlon point of view, the only correct enough toprovide paternal guidance
c-hildren want more · freedom. And stand to take."
for the railroads in their financial
remembe~, what we really want . we
- .
meanderings, but that it lacks that
get. ,
In part, an editorial In "The Laborer," indefinable something necessary to
.
published at Dallas, Texas, says :
.
.
'' You will come to see our schools ..0 ut at T-4VS
~ Ange1es tb ere 1s a pa1r ot - provide
the same wise management
.
i11 Rome some time'"
clever young fellows. They prepare copy m the event of gover·nment owner' ' Oui je feraii cela . avec grand for three good publications. The Cltlzen,j ship of the roads.. In other words,
the official organ of the Los, Angeles la- Uncle Sam is a fine stepfather, but it
plaisir, " · replied Miss Keller.
" Oh, she is speaking French."
bor unions; The Social-Democrat, the of-· wouldn't do to remove the step. I
" ,,
I
k .
.
ficial organ of the Socialist Party of Call- h
t . d bl t ·
· ··
~ es,
spea It a 11ttle, not very fornla, and the W-estern Comrade, a: av~ r1e . no y o suppress ~y o~n
· well."
cracking ·good Sociallst monthly maga- feelmgs m the matter, but I can t
" But you are tired, " said Mrs. zlne. These boys are Chester M. Wright do it any longer. The end· of my
:\[aey.
and Emanuel Julius. They have a wide suppressing ability is at hand. I
" No , no, only too much moved to and enviable reputation ln Socialist jour- herewith announce in this brazen and
nallsm."
bl'
th t I a·
.h
Jsagree VI-It
say _a ll I wou 1d. I have known of Listen to Wm.' McDeVItt, 1350 Fillmore pu lC ~anner a
you for years. This summer, when I st;eet, San Francisco, ~a!.: "I enclose the President. I don 't like that sort
came closer to you through Mr. you check for a bundle of ten copies of of r elationship.
grea pr1v1 ege, an "¥he ·
ern-eamrntllrfo
.· -. .
when you sent me your picture it .l hope you will be able to keep the maga- That favorite friend of yours would
.
zlne up to Its best standard and to make like to read The Western Comrade.
was one of the happiest nioinents of it a permanent factor in Its field In this Send him this copy and tell blm to subm~· life. And now I meet you. I am section."
·
scribe.
l
I
�, 384
The Western .Comr .a de
WHY MARY LEFT HOME
PA_r-R'-..A"""G:;;oR.-,·AmPm
HIPO
S,....--"1'\l>Tl;<;'Tr;~By Allan L . Benson
ing and illuminating p~ragr~phs pub""~ h'
b h d should be m ade lished in a.I!Y Socialist journal are
Entered · as second - class matte r at the
»as mg Y an
· .
.
. · "Things That Make You Think," by J . L.
post office a t Los Angeles, Cal.
a misdemeanor. The hand-1ronmg. of Hicks, published i.n T he Laborer. Nat L.
Chester M. Wri ght and Emanuel -J-u lius, fl t , 1 should be made a misde- Hardy, e~itor, and Winnie, Fourakera ''or { .
Hardy, editor of the woman s page, are
Owners and Editors
meanor. In each case the husband also among the best writers in _the So203 New High Street, P. 0. Box 135
f th 0 ffe nder herself should he 'Cialist movemen~. The ·subscription price
Los Angeles, Cal.
O
e
.
of The Laborer ts only fifty cents a year
punished.
H e should b.e pumshed and . it Is ·a big four-page- weekly. You
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
t as a C riminal but as a danger- should take it.
DO
' ·
THE LABORER
Associate Ed itor&
ous
heap
of
stupidi:ty-da:qgerous
to
1704
~omme
rce Street, Dallas Texas
Eleanor Wentworth
Stanley B. Wilson
his wife. in p~rticula1•, .aanger.ous to
Fred C. Wheele r
Rob Wagner
·
·
Subscribe for a real Socialist paper
Charles _!_r:~~ __ _
society in g eneral; because p~wer
THE COLORADO WORKER
Vol. 1
March, 1914
No. 11 hmntlry ma.c. hinery is ·not SO 'expenOwned and controlled by the membership
sive .that p eople· in 9r'dinary circum- of the Socialis·t Party of Colorado ; 60c
The California· stan ~ rs cann~ t -afford to buy it, a year, 35c 6 months. 850 Kalamath St.,
Denver, Colo.
··
Social- ·Democrat ,\'lwreas
washing by hand is Sd hard
Now 75 r·l'nt s a vear· to Socialist that no woman shouid do it. It
A WORLD REV IEW OF SOC IALIS'f'
pa1·t y rn emh<'rs! One ·dollar a year mak es no differ en ce who th e woman
By the best writers in Europe and
to non -m pm he rs. Th e h <'st . Socia list is, whether· s h e is a )10usewi fe or a Ame1·ica will be found in the NEW
papr1· \\'C have.
REVI EW, which deals in an authoritaTh e Hocial-Dcmo('rat is · a paper sr rvant, wasi 1 i~g is t oo h_aM for h er. tive way with all phases of Socialismfor agitation, but education. $1 per
with a wa llop - a papct· that In the winte r, it invites pneumonia. not
year. 50c six months. Sample copy, l Oc.
BlJILI>S! lt 's just th e sor-t of con- .\ t all times of t h e yea\ it is drudg- The NEW REVIEW, 150 Nassau Street,
Rti·ueti,·c·, fighting Socialist paper e r y. And if bending . OYe t; a ·wash- New York.
th at 1h<' (•o nsfm!'fin~ movement of houcl w ere n ot a c rim e against a
t h(• g r<'at \\' rs t n eeds.
THE INTERMO UNTAIN WORKER
Sp<•eia l articles on tim ely subjects woman 's hody, the fact that it is a
Publish
ed weekly. Murray E. King,
t'at'h wee k mak e thr Social -D emoc rat c rime against h er· ri g ht to lJe ha ppy editor. One dollar per year in adavnce.
:1 papc1· look ed for wit h cag<' I'u css would b e enough to c.o ndenm it.
Address communications to room 234
l1y PV<· r·y subsci·ibe 1·. Editoi·ials that
Hand-washing can lleYCI' he any- Moose Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
, Jr·in· to t h e poi n t give the pape r a thing hut a drudger~' · A (lrudgc can
THE 'PARTY BUILDER
figh t ing tone that is a joy to the
liPa r i of th e vete rans a nd an inspim- n<•\'L'l' lH' happy. :'\'ecessa ry dntd g- . Is the official National bulletin of the
rr·y m u st h e endured , hut the Socialist Party. Published weekly. iiOc
tio n to t he ll<'W-<·OIII<' rs.
·
per year, 25c for 40 weeks. Address
A s pecia l dr>pa r·tniPilt hy Chcst.ct· dt't lll~PI'Y of the washboard is nonce- Socialist Party, 111 North Market street,
l\I. Wright, t he L•ditor, is rml' of the <'SSa ry. ... No man worth his sa It .;.r.;.h
.:.;.:.ic;;;;a;.:g::.;;o;.:.·..;l.:.:
ll.:..
. ----------s na p py featurl'S of t he Soeial-Dcmo- wo uld spe nd a seYenth of his time at
"It's in the Mountains"
f•rat. I n I h is d e pa r tment t he big doTHE B. C. FEDERATION IST
i n gs of t he wor·l<.l pass in r cvirw ea ch a 1nb. H washing w er e suddenly
week T hei·c's a spicy sla m-hang to put up to m<' n there would h e a
Finest labor paper in Canada. R. Parm
this d epartment t hat you 'II app r·e- greater· d e mand for laundry ma<;hin- Pettipiece, managing editor. Address
eiatc.
<·ry t ha n th e re is for antomobiles. Labor Temple, Vancouver, B. C.
" Great, " Is What They All Sa.y! Tn fad , a gn~at many gentlemen who
Read
Com rad es w ho know newspapers, arc now thinl<ing of ~uy ing ~utomo- 1
THE COMING NATION
<'Ollll'ades w ho know t he Socia list biles would buy thetr waslnng ma 50 Cents a Year
monmcnt a nd its n eeds, a ll join i~ <~hitl('S first. Cost wou ld not matter .
lll'a ising t h e Socia l-Democr at. Among Two fn cts would fill t h e eye. On <'
Published at 5445 S. Drexel A,·e.
those w ho t estify to the hig h q u a lity
Chicago~ Ill.
.a n d C' ha rncte r of t he Social-D emoc rat fad would he th e houihl e w ashRI'C . National Executive S ecr etary board would . go. Th e gentl emen HOW DID BUTTE WIN IN
L a u fet·sie k , fo r·mer Congressman Vi~- would look on w hile electricity · or
1911?
to r L . Be r ger, om· own ,T. Stitt Wil- some ot her form of power did the HOW DID BU.T TE REPEl\T
son. t he ind efat igab le Job Haniman
a rul ma ny oth er s.
wol'lc A ucl a y ear or· two latt•I·, th ey
IN 1913?
...
wou.ld
di!'H'oYCr
that
.th
e
ma
chiner
y
HERE'S
THE ANSWER'.
Six Bits Gets It for You!
ha.d actually cost t h em nothing, be- Where ? Wh y, in every issue of the
l\fa il v, OU I' "nhsc ri j)tion fo r t his pa- cause it h ad ))aid fot· itself.
Montana s oc1a
· I'IS t . wh'1ch 1s· an exact du ]W I' today.
] t is own ed and conplica te of THE BUTTE SOCIALIST, the
ti·ollf'cl hy t he ~o c ia l ist pt'i i·ty of CaliTlti is ·•not m e1·e flapdoodle. I propaganda sheet that has gone into
fo l'lli a. A lr 1te r ad<h essed to The know w hat I am talldn g about. 1 every home and every room in everY
------~~~i~~~~~~:~~~~~~r4~~~Tr.~<T~~~~~~~~~IJPI1:~~·edgffi
teu
·
~e-~
· ~~~~
'
<1', ,
o.
, J S
least twice monthly for three years.
A ngeles, Ca l. , w ill reach it p romptly .
One year, weekly, in advance, $1.
·:\rAifJ YOU R. SUBSC RIP~rlON TOrHE MONTANA SOCIALIST
j)AY - and say you saw t h e ad in
Butte, Montana
T he W este1·n C'onH·aclc !
A Constructive Socialist Magazine
Published Monthly
�The Western Com r ade
Telepb:OJJe Home ..&-4333
AARR&MAN, Rv&K AN & TUliTLE
Attumeys at Law
921 B iggillSI BuildJng
IA!Js• Ang.e les, Cllll.
Br?adway 1592
A.
F-1592
R.
HOLSTON·
Attorney at Law
331-2 Douglas Buildi ng
Los Angeles, Cal.
CHARLES 0 . MORGAN
Attorney a nd Cou nselor a t Law and
Nota ry Pu blic .
H!lO California Building, Corner Second
a nd Broadwa y
Horn e Phone A 3913 Los Angele!l, Cal.
~fai n
7618
F-2164
CHAIM
SHAPIRO
Attorney at Law
232-3 Douglas Bldg.,
3rd a nd Spring
Los Angeles, Cal.
:\uta ry
Phone
Douglas
3565
H. SLIKERMAN
Attorney at Law
Pacific Building, Room 631
San Francisco, Cal.
C'orn pllments of
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
Suite 712, San Fernando Building
Fourth and Main Streets
:t-os Angeles, Cal.
Horn e A 2003
Main 619
A . J. STEVENS
Dentist
Room 26
307 South Broadway
Los Angeles, Cal.
CENTRAL PARK _DENTISTS
· Henry M. Silverberg, D. D. S.
Cor. Fifth arrd Hill Sts.
Los Angeles, Cal.
a a o:ng en gener '
10 my
mind, I told my wife hat women
-w e idiot
I told.' her th t they 'i
were doing their ho e-work aimo t .
a tb y had do.ne it for a thou and
year . I told. her that every hou ef- - - - - - - - - - - - - - hould b a factory. I said that ele t ric motor should wash,
ing and
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
iron lothes wa h a~·d dry dis.be
Insurance
clean floors run sewing .machine
and turn ice-cream freezer : I made
a fine a bluff as I knew how, and - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10ill
after it was all ov!:lr I (;.ept over· to Phone
N w J ersey and a ·ked· Edisop '..' bat
ED. WINFIELD
he t hought ab9u it. H e aid I . wa Halftone Photo Engraver and Zinc Etcher
riaht; that he .could n :\'er under- ·
Color Engravings
stand why women had been content
~ecord Building, 612 Wall St.
to d rudge along in the same old'way,
while machinery· was ·tappillg on
A COMRADE DENTIST
their shoulders begging for an oppor- Dr. Henry M. Silverberg, who contunity to do the,i r work. .Si:uce that ducts the Central Park D nti ts, LQ
An eles, shows his kindly f lin
totime electricity has done our laundry wards The W estern Comrad by con work, washed ·and ·dr'ied our dishes, tinuing his half-page advertts ment on
the front cover of this Issue. Show your
cleaned the floors, turned the sewing appreciation by having your dental work
machine, and performed a few other done at this comrade's place. H glv s
·a five per cent discount on all d ntal
odd jobs.
work to those who mention Th W stBEGINNING OF THE BEGINNING ern Comrade, said five per cent going to
the campaign fund of the SoclaU t Party.
\Ye are in the beginning· of the Don't fail to go to omrade Sllv rberg's
greatest change that humanity has office when you want those teeth fix d.
ever undergone. There is rio shock,
no epoch-making incident-but tlien ·
NOTICE TO READERS
·
1 k t
1 d d
W. Hunter . and Company, who s ell
tl tere IS
no s IOC a a c ou Y ay- men's clothing, have moved to 540 South
hrcak At no point can we say, Spring street, Los Angeles. R adera of
" -.:I
·
1 t · The Western Comrade know that Hun r ere It commences, now i as mm- ter Is a staunch friend of Labor and that
ute was night and this is morning." he always shows, in a practical manner,
But insensibly we are in the day. If where he stands on ·ma tters pertaining
• to the working class. Everything In
we care to look, we can foresee grow- Hunter's store bears the union labeling knowledge growing ord.e r· and remember that. And, above all, the
'.
.
goods are sold by members of the · Hepresently a deliberate Improvement fall Clerks' Union. Comrades, pp.tronlze
of the bl~od and character of the your friends- always. Don't get your
clothing at some Labor hater's place. Go
race. And what we can see and im- to a business man who respects the
rights of Labor, who demonstrates his
agine gives us faith.
friendly feeling for Organized Labor and
It is possible to believ.e that all who never falls to give material support
the past is but the beginning of a to the Labor and Socialist press or
~~nnin~a~~~~lili~ised
Southern California.
has been is but the twilight of the
dawn. It is possible to believe that
.all that the human mind has ever
accomplished is but the dream before
the awllkening. Vve cannot see, th er e
is no need for·.,.us to sec, what this
world will be like when th e day has
Re new your subscrlptJon promptly. It
rade. The magazine is fighting . your twili ght. But it is out of our race
battles in a manly manner. Do the right
thing. Boost the magazine. Subscribe and lineage that minds will spring
tllat
r each . back to us in our
for T oo Western Comrade.
be taken from the mailing list. T he
\Vestern Comrade deserves your contlnued frie ndship, 8 0 come a cross with .
that renewal.
Eyes Examined and Glasses Fitted
DR. J. A. KIEFERLE
Optometrist
Room 29, 4521h So. Broadway
Los Angeles, Cal.
,.
KIRK &. KIRK
Attorney• at Law
501 Spreckels Theater Building
San Diego, Calif.
Get
wm
�The Wes t ern Co mr a d e
386-
LABOR'S UNIVERSITY .
forward fearlessly to comprehend
ed.
Knin the
,, d world today.
d
this future that defeat our eye .
OWie ge meanS pOWer &n pOW.
bEitt
•t
All thi world i heaYy with the
er means .a . er SOOle y.
We Have a High G r ade L i ne of
Full Dresa, T uxedo a n d P rin ce A lberta
For Ren t ...nd F or Sal e at
Reaaon able Rates
oneida B l dg., s utta 28
319 s. spring s t.
Loa A n geles, ca t.
•
-Knowledge m the heads of the
promise of greater tlung and a day
workers means. LmEB.TY I
DRESSER PHOTO co.
will come, one day in the unending
GET THESE BOOKS
Lant ern S lides
uccession of days, . when being ,
AT THESE BARGAIN
Copying
Made and Exhibited Enlarg ing b ·
h
1t t ·
·
Koda k F in ishing-Free Developing
emgs w 0 are no\ a en Ill our
CUT
RATE PRICES!
Mall OrdeTs
thoughts and P,idden in our loins,. A merrcan
·
Farmer, T'".,
$ •45
·~ 1mon a........
230 1h SOUTH SPRING ST.
shall stand upon thi · earth a one Art of Lecturing; The-Lewis.............. .45
Phone A-2298
Los Angeles, Cal.. stands upon a footstool, and shall Britain for the Brit ish-Biatchford.... .45
J OHN HERMAN, B: SC.
25 2 1~
Assayer and Chemist
do not guaranteed satisfaction
I guarantee accuracy ·
South Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Phone A 2299
Ali Work Done In Duplicate
THE JONES BOOK STORE
1
lau~h
and reach out their: hand
amid th·e star .-F.rom the Di covery
of t)le F'uture1 by.H. G. \Yells.
THE TEIYU»tE OF GOLD
By Rabindranath Tagore
Capitalism .and Laborer--Spar go........ .45
Class Str ugg le-Kautsky ...................... .45
Common Sense of Socia llam-Spargo .75
Crit ique of. Polit ical Economy- Marx .75
Eth ics and Materia l . Conceptio n of
H istory-Kautsky ............ :................. .45
Evolution, Social and Organlc-L"ewls ... ..45
F rom the Bottom Up-I rv ine .............. 1.50
~~~r~~~h M;~:i1;hb~·.=ai~"t~i;1~;:J:::: :~~
"Sire,'' announced the servant to God's Children- AUma n ........................
l P roblems-Richards o n........
th e King; '~ th e· saint NOlrottam never Industria
Land ma r ks of Scientific Socia lismd eigns to step into your t emple. He
Engeis ............................'........................
is singing to God's. praise· undei' the Look ing Forward-Rappaport ............
Love's Com ing of Age-Carpenter......
trees by the open road.. The t em ple Magyar, The-I r vine (F iction ) ............
Mak ing of The Wor ld-Meyer............
is empty of all wot·sh ipers. Tlwy Materialist
Conception of HiatoryLab r iol a ................................................
tlock round him like bees round
Memoirs of Karl Marx- Liebknecht..
the flagrant wh ite lotus, leaving th e Out
of the Dump-Marcy (Fiction ) ....
Pos it ive Outcome of Philosophygolden jar of hon ey unheeded.''
- Dietzgen ............................................
. Th e King, vexed ·at hear t , went to Poverty
of Philosophy-Marx..............
the spot wher e Narottam sat on the Perfecting the Earth- Woolbridge....
Scientific Socialism-Vail
grass. Jle nsked him, "Father, why Principles
Puritanism- Me:ily ..................................
lea\'f' my trmple of the golden domr, Record ing Angei- Bronholtz (Fiction )
at Large- Beals (Fiction)........
and sit on the dust outside to preach Rebel
Revolution and Counter· Revolution
God 's love?"
---,Ma rx ..................................................
Revolutionary Easays -Bur rowea ......
''J3ecausc God is not t here in your_ Republic,
The-Anderson .................,..
temple," said Nar ottam.
Socialization of Humanity-Frankli n
Socialism for Students-Cohen............
'l'he King frowned and said, ''Do Socialism
and Philosophy-Lab riola..
you k now twenty millions of gold Socialism, Positive and Negative-• vel of LaMonte .... ...........................................
have been spent on t hat mar
Socialism and Succeas-Ghent..............
ar t, and the temple was dilly conse- Socialism, Ita Growth and OutcomeMorri s and Bax....................................
crated to God wit h costly r it es 1,'
Socialism a nd Modern Science-Ferri
"Yes, I know, " answer ed Uarot- Socialists, Who They Are-Spargo....
tam . " It was the d r ead year w hen Social Revolution-Kautaky..................
.
I
226 West First St., Los Angeles,_ C~l.
JI cadquarte:s for the best Sociahst
hooks and htcrature.
W ill iam Francis Seeman, registered
patent attorney and mechanical engineer,
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17-18
Citizens' Bank Building; patents all
countries; specializing intricate and difficu lt mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and metallurgical cases. F 5743,
Main 9474.
Rebuilt Typewriters
From $10 Up
Low Rental Rates
TYPEWRITER SERVICE CO.
A-2591
138 S. Broadway Bdwy. 3810
Los Angeles
Insurance, all kinds. - P. D. Noel, 921
Higgin s Bldg., Los Angeles.
v. c..
A.
P urpose: Th e Voluntary Cooperative Association has been or ganized
to commence removing t he cause of
social injustice by collectively acquiring and owning lnnd and tools, t housands of your people lost t heir
establishing industries, securing to homes in fi r e and stood at your door
the worker s t he product of t heir lal.)or wit hout r ent, inter est or profit , for help in vain. And God said, 'The
and with t he purpose of ext ending poor cr eature who can give n<;> shelthis industria l or ganization until by ter to his brothers would aspire to
its power t he p resent system has build my house!' Thus he took his
hccn abolished.
812_814 San P edro Sheet
place with th e shelterless under the
Los Angeles. CaL
. trees by t he road . And that goldf'n
------.......::.:......-------· bu bhle is empty of all but hot vapor
MAIN 1407
F -5849 ;
f
·c1 ,
o prt ~This Stands for
Tn e King eried in anger , " Lea \'t!
the Best in Con- m
nd t "
fections, Creams
Calmly said the saint, "Yes, banand Ices · -:- -:- ish me where you haYe banished my
God."
427 SOUTH BROAD .WAY
.
.45
.75
.90
.65
.75
.75
.45
.80
.45
.45
.85
.85
.80
.75
.45
.80
.45
.45
.75
.90
1.75 ·
.45
.75
.45
1.20
.45
.80
.45
.45
::~:~l:i::-i -~::::-:: ~~,--~-::-~-~~-~ ::~
.45 1
Boudin ..................·.................................. .80
Syndicalism-Spargo ............................ 1.15
Triumph of Life-Boelache.................... .45
Vital Problems in Social EvolutionLewis ............................ :......................... .45
Value, Price and Profit- Ma rx............ .40
What's So and What Isn't-Work...... .45
Workers in American H latory... O' Neill .................................................... .80
World's Revolutions -Untermann ...... .45
Every book listed is a standa•~d
work. E very one should be in evet·y
Socialist library. Fill out a list of
these bool's toda and send it with
mon ey or er, c ec or paper money
to The Western Comrade, Book De·
partment, P. 0. Box 135, Lo Ange·
If's, CaL
j
�-,.
·L
aW
Scholarship
. .
:.vA.LUED AT
00
Given Absolutely Free ~ ·lldvertise Our School
Costs You Nothing Now, or Later,
If You Act Immediately!
..
THIS OFFER IS UltiiTED, SO WRITE TODAY-.QVICitl DO~T DElAYl
.
.
Get this moat liberal offer before it ia too lat~ ·-T~a Free Scholar.hip brings you
leg~ training for almost nothing-tuition surprisingly low. We are .making this
liberal offer for advertising purposes and may withdraw it at any time, so burry!! . If you act at once we will gi_ve you
a Scholarship, valued at $100.00, ·ab•olut•ly FREE. Do not fail to get the fat:ts at once. Send the ' free coupon at
bottom of this page immediately for full particulars.
·
a thorough
COSTS NOTHING TO 1/YIIESTICATEl
Don't be backward. To write your name and addreaa on the coupon below will
not coat you a cenL Nobody will call on you or bother you in any way. We will send you full
' particulars of this ultra liberal Fr•• Sc/aolan/aip offer, also our FREE BOOK explaining how to master the law at
bome 1during your spare moments-how tsOOO.OO a year is within your reach•if you will stuciy law. Don't put aside
this paper until you have filled in the coupon and mailed it to us. ~it .,.ht now-TODAY.
,.---------------~
Your Home ~
Guarantee:
~'!_JIIarADtee to coach
FREE..,,. lll'aduate failia•
to paaa the bar esamiDAtloa. Oar
coYen
all braacb"a of American
Law.aad iaclud~· ••m•
amd••• •• lead•a• law
eo-
acboola.
·
IJnlv~ityl
You can. now leam the law easily and quickly at home.
Learn while you earn. No preliminary education necessary. Get
this legal training NOW. Train your brain to earn more money.
More than forty thouaand stud enta· h ave enrolled m
• our
big Law School-the Largest Law School for Home Study in the
World. Distinguished Faculty and· Lecturers. Course combines case
-and text book methods of instructi o n- covers ~arne ground as
HARVARD, MICHIGAN, LELAND STANFORD, COLUMBIA
pa~s all subjects required in bar examinations.
and leading resident law schools-prepares you to
.........
ud FREE
--···-..
$100.00
SCHOLARSHIP
OJI'FI:R COU ..ON
Mail Free C-o upon At Once!
Yea, aend coupon without delay! Be aure to invea- . . ligate immediately-before this liberal offer expires. You
can cut the cost of your law traini
once, so mall the
now. It
also our valualile
down to almostflotbing if you act at
full particulars by return m&.il;
ANY TIME,
SCHOOL OF
......ttan 8ulldlns, Clllcaso. Ill.
.,. 7181
-
..
...--
......
..... Clolall. Ill.
Gentle.m en : -Pi eiUI&IJ8nd me full
partlcolanof yourllOO.OOFIIEEBchol·
anblp Olrer: aloo Free baot deocrlblns
~Zr':~~~~~n~w ~~r:!e~'Lf~:'l~ :~d~':;
paid. I am not oblll&ted In anT Wa:t.
�~
- "-·•-···- -----·----:-------
•
. r3- - - - - - - -·- ·_ _ _ _
T_b_ e_
W
_'_e_ s_t_e_E_D
_ _c_o_m_r_a_d_·e_,- - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____:__ _f
The annual ~tement of the state superintendent of banks
reports that there are &U,7~ .savings bank depositors in
California.
'
More than onE·tenth of all the sa.v ings bank depositors in
the entire state of California are customers oi the SECURITY.
The SECURITY has over 86,000 individual depositors.
4% interest is paid on Term ·savings Accounts; interest
credited twice a year.
3% interest is paid on Special Savings Accounts; interest
computed every month on the minimum monthly balance,
providing it does not fall below $300.
·
2% interest is· paid on inactive Checking Accounts in
Commercial Department when daily balance is $1000 or more.
Savings Accounts in this bank are,. by law, free and
exempt from city, county or state taxes.
SEVURITYTRUST
&SA.VIN&sBAN"K
Oldest and Largest Savings Bank
in the Southu1est
SECURITY BUILDING
EQUITABLE BRANCH
Fifth and Spring
First and Spring
�
Dublin Core
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1914-03
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-03
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n11_191403
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n11
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32 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/aa97cc30bcfe9d1c6b9aa3e4612fa5c2.pdf
24cd181c5977a22b6150b1a09c644fe0
PDF Text
Text
·'
....
...
..,
,•
-..
...
..
. '·
February,
1914
The Fighting
Magaz.ne of the
· Great West
Price
Ten Cents
WINNING
LABOR
For SOCIALISM
By
J. L. Engdahl
....
'
First of a Great
Series on
FEMINISM and
SOCIALISM
By
Eleanor
Wentworth
The Thinker
Drawn by Charlea Tracy, ·;
�326
The Western Comrade
If .Your Teeth Are Aching; If Yo~r ·T eeth
Are Decayed; If Some of them are Missing
-in fact if you have no teeth at all, come to us.
we .can make yours lQok as' beautiful as the
accompanying pictUre wihout any pain.
We Promise to· Treat You Just Right
On Presentation of this Ad, will allow a 5 Per Cent Discount on all Dental
Work Contracted at my office, said 5 per cent to go to the Socialist Campaign fund
CENTRAL PARK DENTIS1."'S
HENRY M. SILVERBERG, D. D. S.
452 S. HILL STREET
Office Hours: 8 A. M .. to 8 P. M.
Sunday, 9 A. M .. to 12 M.
You Need a Business
Education
The .Los Angeles Young People's Socialist League
has made arrangements for complete courses in both
Bookkeeping and Shorthand. These courses will be
in charge of experienced instructors and will cover the
work thoroughly and completely. The courses inclurle
Bookkeeping, Shorthand and Typewriting, English,
Spelling, Commercial Arithmetic, Penmanship and
Business Law.
The courses are now being organized, and all who
wish to avail themselves of this opportunity to get a
business education at a very small cost, should call at
the · club rooms, 116% East Third street, Monday,
Wednesday or Friday evenings, and make arrangements. 'l'hese classes are open to all.
The r egular classes will be .on the above named
evenings, byt arrangements will be made to care for
those who find it inconvenient to be there on the above
named dates.
The rates of tuition have been made so low that all
who want a business education can afford to take up
the work.
Cost of courses: The Shorthand and Typewriting
course is $3.50 p er month. Bookkeeping course, $3.00
per month. Subjects may be ta'Ken separately if desired. Th11 English course is $1.00 per month. Commercial Arithmetic, $1.00 per month. Penmanship,
$1.00 per month, and Business Law, 50c p er month, one
class a week.
·
The · Bell ·· Bu,siness College
t
430 South Broad-,.,vay
Thorough courses in Shorthand and Bookkeeping.
The Bell System of Shorthand the s·
·
-~rn
a"'n mos
eg1 e system ever written; also Pitman
and Gregg systems. Twentieth Century Bookkeeping,
the latest and most up-to-date text on this subject.
1Ulis and Spanish She·i'i-lttl:fltd:-.- - - · - - - - - - . All are assured of personal attention, and of positions after completing the course.
Students may enroll at any time.
�The Western Comrade
LABOR'S UNIVERSITY
Let Us Pay Your
. .Board Bill!
T h e Western Comrade wants to g i ve one live- w i re man or woman a chance to
earn a living I n every city, hamlet and burg In the· gr eat wide West. You,
can 't buy b r oadcloth on th i s job, but It's a mortal cinc'h that you can buy eats-a nd good eats, w ith trimmings now and then.
··
Here's the Job . For
v·ou!
The West er n Comrade is going after every Socialist ani:! near · Soc ialist In the
West. We want one dollar from each and · for .that doJiar we will send twelve
issues of the livest, sn~ppiest, happiest, most constructive, best edited So-•
c ia l ist magazine on the map. We want YOU to be the one to 'get those dollars
In YOUR town. You' ve no idea how easy it is: Ten a day is the easiest thing
in t he wo rl d for a l ive one to get. And, bel i eve us, ten a day w i ll get you the
best eats you' ve had in many a long moon.
·
Write Us Today!
Get ou r p r opositi on f or t his w()fi(. It' ll hold you safe fo r the w inter a nd as
long after tha t as you care to keep on the job ... We ar e maki ng a LIBERAL
pr opositi on to ONE man or woman i n every town because w.e .want this magaz i ne to go i nto every Socialist and near Soci alist home .i n the West . We want
to g i nger up things for Socialism. Don't put this off; WRITE TODAY, encl osing reference from your local Socialist Secretary. None but good, steady, rel i able folks on this job. It's a good job fo r good, rel i abl e hustlers who can make
good. If you' re that k i nd, get your l etter in the mail quick!
TheWestern Comrade, P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles
THE GOOD PRIESTS OF DUBLIN
W
HEN it was sou ght to send the children of
Lawren ce away f r om t he strike zone, whePe
foo¢ w&s scarce, it was chiefly t h e pious persons
who r esent ed any su ch nwve. They didn 't seem to
want t he c)1ild r en p r oper ly fed . Just r ecently
.James Larl{in maue an att empt to send the chil dren
of Dublin strikers t o Belfast. Of cou rse, Dublin is
Catholic and Belfast is P rotestant, but what of that,
when child r en n eed food ? That wasn't the view of
t he p ious folks of Dublin, however, for a delegati.on,
headed by pri est s, appea r ed to stop t he children:
Religion is reli gion , and politics is politics, and
strikes ar e strik es, a nd star vation is starvation, and
t hat 's a t hing t hat some fo lks n ever do seem able
to compr·ehend. An<;l wh en t hey don't compr eh end
t hey somet imes get nipped for monkeying ar ou nd
machin ery wh er e t hey don 't bel on g.- C. l\1. W.
-~nowledge · is the thing most need~
ed in' the world today.
-Knowledge means pow-&r and power means a better society.
- Knowledge in the heads of the
workers mea.ns LIBERTY I .
GET THESE BOOKS·
AT THESE BARGAI·N
CUT· RATE PRICES!
American Farmer, The-Simons........$ .45
Art of Lecturing, The-Lewis.............. .45
Britain for the Brl tish-Biatchford.... .45.
Capitalism and Laborer-Spargo........ .45
Class Struggle-Kautsky ...................... .45
Common Sense ,of Sccialism...,...Spargo .75
Critique of Political Economy-Marx .75
Ethics and Material Conception of
H i story-Kautsky .............................. .45
Evolution, Social and Organlq-Lewl s .....45
From the Bottom Up-lrvlnle.............. 1.50
Feurbaoh-Engels .................................. .45
God a nd My Nelghbor-Biatchford.... .75
God' s Children-AIIman........................ .45
Industria l Problems--Richardson........ .75
Landmarks of Scientific Social i smEngel& .................................................... .90
Looking Forward-Rappaport ............ .65
Love's Com i ng of Age-Carpenter ...... .75
Magyar, The-Irvine (Fiction) ............ .75
Making of The World-Meyer............ .45
Materialist Conception of HlstoryLabriola ................................................ .80
Memoirs of Karl Marx-Liebknecht.. .4S
Out of the Dump-Marcy (Fiction ) .... .45
Positi v e Out come of Phllosophy- ·Dietzgen ............................................ .85
Pover ty of Philosophy-Marx.............. .85
Perfec-ting the Earth-Woolbrldge.... .80
Principles Scientific Socialism-Vail .75
Purltanlsm-Mei ly .................................. .45
Recording Angei-Bronholtz (Fiction ) .80
Rebel at Large-Beals (Fiction) ........ .45
Revolution and Counter- Revolut ion
-Marx ....................................- ............ .45
Revolutionary Essays--Burrowes .....~ .75
Republic, The-Anderson .................... .90
Socialization of Humanity-Frankl i n 1.75
Socialism for Students-Cohen............ .45
Socialism and Philosophy-Labrlola.. .75
Socialism, Positive and NegativeLaMonte .... ........................................... .45
Socialism and Success-Ghent.............. 1.20
Soci alism, Its Growth and OutcomeMorris and Bax.................................... .45
Socialism and Modern Sclence-Ferri .80
Socialists, Who They Are-Spargo.... .45
Social Revolutlon-Kautsky.................. .45
Ten Blind Leaders of the BlindLewis .-................................................... . 45
Theoretical System of Karl Marx
Boudin .............. ...................................... .80
Syndicalism-Sparge ............................ 1.15 ·
Triumph of L ife-Boelsche.................... .45
Vital Problems i " Social EvolutionLewis ...................................................... .45
Value, Price and Profit- Mar x ............ .40
What' s So and What Isn't-Work...... .45
Workers in American History...O' Nelli ............................................. ...... .SQ
World' s Revolutlons-Untermann ...... .46
Every boqk listed is a standard
\\'ork. Every. one should be in every
Social ist librat·v. Fill out a list of
th ese books today and send it with
money ord er , ch eck or paper money
to 'f h e \Vr.stern Comrade, Book Depa rtment, P . 0. Box 135, Los Angeles, Ca l.
�The New Owners of the Western ·Comrade
and What Their Plans .i\re
rr=~~~~
liE WESTERN COMRADE, now firmly magazine will outlin e · any special form of co-operation
established and almost a whole year old, as a model for all to follow. We stand for co-operation
f
has changed hands. This number is the because we believe we have .reached that point where
, first under the new ma~ageme~t. Eman- we mw t co-operate so- as to husband our strength and
u el Julius and Chester M. Wright ar~ the our resources for our political fight. We believe the
new owners and' editors. This is a state- Socialist movem ent is intelligent enough and resourcem ent of who the n ew owners ·are, ana ful enough to mak e · co-operation a success and a blesswhat they plan for Th e \Vestern Comrade . . ing. VI' e se'e no r ea:;;on for the continued drain on our
Julius is on e of th e . most aJ:>le and beRt· r esources occasioned by a quiescent attitude toward
]mown Socia list fiction writ ers in Amer·ica. Several the plucldng pr·occss.
y ears ago he " ·as on the editorial staff of th e" New
This magazin e will champion and explain the fernYork Call. l\Iore rec ently h e was co nn er.ted ' ''i th inist movement, not as something apart from the
Th e Milwaukee J_~eade r and Th e Chi c::tgo vVol'lcG He S6cialist movement, hut as a part of it-and a big part.
was a fr·equent c~ontr· ihuto1; to Th e Coming Natiori, a:td Chief among the writers who will contribute articles
his work has ap[H·an·d in many other m aga zin (·S . Il e bearing on this subject will be Eleanor Vfentowrth,
has been on e of the associate editors of this m agazine who already has done magnificent . work in that diracsince its in ee ption , as wrll as a memb e r of th e J,;os ,tion. Sh e novY is at work · on a great series on the
Angeles Citi z1· n staff. Cornr·ad e Juliu s ·will assume :subj eet , to run through a numb el' of issues. Socialist
the husirH"ss manag-rm cnt of th e ma ga zin e, as well as wom en , AND l\IEN, will find a world of interesting
~~xereising- joint \'O i('(• with ( 'o mra c!P \\' right in tlie
int elli ge nce in these articles.
Pditorial rnan:lg'Pilll'nt.
In e ve ry d epat·tment of effort the magazine will
Chester 1\l. ~Wright has hrc n i11 "t he \Hiting ga m<:' ' always .maiutain a hi g h literary standard, because we
fot· almost tt·n y!'ar·s. Jl c hails fr·om :\lilwauk rr, lat- hr li!'\'e that Soeialist litct·aturc should always be high
t erly l<nown to thousands as Scid clburg. lt1 :\lih\·aukec in quality. \\'e have no sympathy with that type of
he work ed as (' ity rditor· of Th e Sentin el and in the pr·opaganda which fails· to g rant to the reader a
samr 1·apaeity for The .Journal. H e rsta hlish ed , and rnodieum of intelligen ce. We believe that the magafot· t hr·r.c and one-hal( yrar·s edited, th e first Socialist zin c · in th e past has m a intain ed such a standard, and
daily papPt' in .\mrrir·a, Th e 1\fanitowoe (Wis. ) 'l'r·ih- we shall endeav or to continue it.
unc. That !'ity had th r n a nd nm\· has a ~ oc ialist
There will he so m e fiction, as in the past, and good,
mayol'. 'fwo .n ar·s ago h e hr l'am e first editol' of Th e Yiril e al't, as ill th e p ast. Charl es Tracy, the noted
Social-Democrat.
H('tumi11~ to :\lilmnrkrr, lw nsSot·ial ist artist. 1~ ow is "·orking on a series of cover
sumed city 1·ditorship of TIH" J;eader·, latPr go in~ to d e>si gns .
The Chicag-o \Y odel, aml retuming- to Thr Soc·ialThr o r·ganized labor mov ement will b e dealt with
D emocr at a yrar· ago . lir now is editor of th a t pap'' ''· as onr ar·m of a two-armed la hol' movem ent, BOTH
So much for· " \\·h o " th e nt>w own e r·s a r· <'. ThP~' ar(' AIDIH•BEING NECESSARY.
jointly a nd eq uall y intrr·est ed in Th P \\'rs t ern ( 'o m(}pinions from t•eaders are sought. Tell us what
r ade, and evr t·la sting l,v int rr·estnd in Soeialism .
,vou think of th e magazin e, and what you think of
As you hav r. S('('n, th e m agazine has hr r n c·han gell othrr things. But n e \·e r >vrite more than 100 words,
in s ize. Th e np\\· sizr was ehosen for· a numb pr· of 1'('1\- and n e\'!' l' \\'l'ite on more than o~e sid e of the paper.
sons. First , it enab les us to brin g to you thr ·sam e Th e magazinr promises to publish no lett ers, but it will
amount of r eading mattrr in a largcl' size of typ e, a pu hi ish as ma ny as room r,n ay be found to a ccommowelcom e chan gr to thos p " ·ho rracl much. Th e editors (1atr . No h•tt er s will he r etu rn ed , however.
hav e felt that a mor·r attr·a etiv e magazin e co uld h e
Th e vVestpr·n Co mrad e seeks the support of all
furnish ed in thr new size, as w ell as on e more easily So1·ialists who ra m cst ly d esir·e the co-operative comr ead. It is hop Pd that ~'O n " 'ill like th e n e\\- style.
morm (•a lth. \\' e e:u c nothing fot· those Socialists.who
Just a word as to policy. F'irst of all, this maga- hH\' C joiurd t hr party m er ely b ecause it gives them an
zinc will co ntinu e to stand for· that constructive Soeial-. opportunity to talk . \\'e arc not interested in the
ism that is puttin g t1r e g r·ca t vV est so mani fcs1ly in doings of t hr eo m r r grocery leagu e. We want .the
th e vanguard of the Arn er·ie an 8ocialist moYem ent. r·t·al fight ers " ·ho a r· p ont on th e field of conflict. To
'fhis magazine stands uncquiYoeally for constru ctiv e !' \'L• r,v suc h 11\Hn and " ·oman an .earnest invitation to
Socialism, for solidarity in our own ranks and for an suhs!·t·ihe is extended.
-~e~te~r~n~a~l~h::a:'.J~n~l1~1e~.r~·i~n~g;_;.
a t~t~h~ejpt:,;r7o~fi!!t~
S r!S~t~eC!,.!IT;l.'--'J
!_: ~t~Wuiv
l .-LL!:.J.J..U:::.,__-:-;---'~'-_-'"';·~i '
.n'J..M""~~-C*fH~
servree•-+....-- aun, 10weve r , to enlHPge on two f eatures. The co-oper- thP 8oeia list mo,·rm ent , and it expects the fighting
ative movpment will have the r arnest support of this kind of So('ia lists to help give it breathing space. The
magazin e. That must noi, be taken to mean· that this introdu c·tio ns arr now ov er. The real fight begins!
.
�The Western ·c om r ade
329
FEMINISM AND SOCIALISM
Pay your dues to support the organization and use
your
intelli.gence to help conduct it. That is the
E7111NI~M, Jih e Eugenies, has been unfo ~tunate
only
way
to b e a real good Socialist.-C. M. W.
in attn1cting weaklings to its cause. Dysp~pt~c ·
wom en and namby-pmnh:v me'n have succeeded in
~iYing th( • philosophy a Yieions twist.
They seem
SHE DIDN'T KNOW
to haYP this attitude: To be a feminist, a .man must
an officer and had the ''masher'' arrested.
lo\' r his wife, but a woman can't be a feminist unless
WAITRESS resented an ·insult. She called
she hatl's hPt· husband. The Socialist movement will Then, she appeared against him. When she returned
not n'.ied a g-ood id ea hccause wea klings have misin- to the r estaurant the manager told her her services
1
1l·t·pt·<'1<'d iL Instead , thr moYcment is eclectic in were no longer' r equired. To be curt, she was
spi rit, :m<l SPPI\s to eonsc•t'\'e th e good in everything, '' eann ed. '' 'fhe manager . wanted waitresses who
P\'(•n in C'apitf!lism. Th e two big economic demands ''didn 't mind'' being insulted. A restaurant that
0f thP f<'minist s (thr opening of every trade and providrs pretty girls to wait upon the trade makes
on·upat ion to our· sistPrs, thus enabling in a great lots of money, provided, of course, the girls are
nH•asurP P!·Ottonl ie in llepc: ndPtw e for women; and " ·illing to tolerate the "masher's" approaches.
(•q ual ,,·ag-Ps for rqunl wot·k ) must always find the This ;waih·rss didn 't. So, she's in the army of the
Pnthusiastie support of thP Rocia lists. The feminists workless. It isn't necessary to draw a moral. Even
do not ch·sirP to injnrl· men. hut aim to better a dodo ra n see the point.--E. J.
\\'Otnan's posit ion , enabling her to cease being a
parasit e. .\h<)\'e nll. the hallot is not the sole aim
BAD PRISONS VS. ROTTEN PRISONS
o [ tltP f!·m inists. To qnotP \\'. L. George's article
\ VO well-known men have recently raised their
in thP ])pc·pntfwt· Atlantir :\fonthly, "an essential
Yoi rrs against modern prisons. One is Julian
diffPt'<'lll"l' hPt\\"(•rn ' Feminism ' and 'Suffragism' is
that the Suffrag-e is bnt pa;:t of the greater pr·opa- Hawthorn e, the other is Thomas Mott Osborne. Both
i!anrl:1: whilr ~nffragisnt d rsires to remove an a!!oe' severe in their condemnation of prisons and
itwqna lity, Fcmini~m pm·pMts to alter radically th e pt·ison met hods. Yet, neither was pursued by Burns
JJl(•ntal nttitud cs of men and \\·om en. • • • Therein thugs, ncithet· was put through the brutal third
li•·.;; the mrntal l'<'\'olution- whi le the Suffragists are deg ree, n eith er was starved, neither was tortured,
l'Ontent to 11tt11in imm ediate Pnds. th e Feminists are neither· was l1rld incommunicado, neither was in
anyth1ng anywhere n ear half so horrible and
nimir:~ 11t u ltimat e Pncls. " --- E. J.
damnable as th e workingmen now in jail at Marysville, Cal., hav e been in and are in. If the jails
THE ONLY REMEDY
of Osbor·nc and Hawthorne were terrible, what of
OC I ALl~:\T is the onl y r·emNly for existing cont he jails of California, where these workingmen have
ditions. It is th e only agency through which
hr en confined? And if modern prison methods are
\\'(' ea n t•ve t· stl'ike off the ltat rful shackles of capitoo rott en for Osborne and Hawthorne, what of the
talism. Jt is th e guiding star o[ race progress. It
harlHu·ous, middl e· age prison methods that these
is not only th e or·ganizcd protest of labor against
vVe'st r r·_n workingm en have had to submit to? Caliiniqu itous capitnl ism , bnt it is the ot·ganized force
fornia. what ahout it ?-C. M. W.
th11t is going to wip e out capitnlism and construct
thr l'O ·OJWI'ative commonwealt h. \ Ve must have
ANATO!,E FRANCE AND SOCIALISM
organization to " ·in , and " ·e must have an organi~a
lS'l'JNG
UJSHED as a novelist, Anatole France
tion that knows llO\\· to go a:hout it to win. Th e
has
heen
telling British audiences why be be~o c i alist organization is the only such organization.
Pilme
a
convert
to th e cause of Socialism. Before
EvNy class-conscious worker· hclon g. WITHIN the
~ocia li st party.
Wh en enough of us shall have the London Fabian Society the noted Frenchman
h l
handed to ether in this "'reat or anization
'' T am a Socialist because Socialism is justice.
.forrver abo lish capitalism, ·with all of its horrors
and hlasphemies. Get INSIDE of the organization. I am a Socialist because Socialism is truth, and will
F
• • •
A
T.
·s
• • •
• • •
• • •
D
�The Western Comrade
emt>rge from tlw waae system as inevitaba as the a bwln·l of corn ne ver i worth a bit mon• than the
amoODt of hrmger it will sati y. 'l'bat i ·, 11 bu h('l
wag~> sysft>m foHowed on serfdom. \Ve are going
onward toward colledivism. From the lavery of of corn at 70.7 cent will not ati fy any more bunget·
the wage sy!!tem to eolh•etivism-Slleh is be neees- than corn at 54.4 cent • and aH corn i good fori to
, sary pro!:,rres!rion of f'eonomic reform.
atisfy hUDger. Perhap that i uot quite tlw orthofiguring ct>rn value , bu it may
"I am a Socialist or a still more delicate and dox manner
special reason, namely-out of the plea:ure that we · be refre hing to look at it in that li~ht just for·
all have in our Wf'aknPss~:s and our indulgences. I once.-C. ~L W.
am a Socialist lwf·amw, as a Soeialist. one enjoy the
abuse of the foolish. ttH~ !'owar·dly, and the ignorant.
BEYOND THE ATOM
"Finally, I am a So1·ialist lwc·ause, in our· day·,
T doe a ociali t no harm to take a peep once
we havP to he for or against Hoc:ialism. Those who
in a while into the w onder of the '('icnce ·. From
1·laim to he nf'ithPr for nor against do not _count.
the scienti t in other line w e may h·um much that
Jt is no longer· possih!P now to remain neutral. \Ve
broaden ou r own vi~ion. Indeed, it i · not tt·an"'e
hav1· two erwmies- 1·apital and war-; two e·nemies
if, now and then, we fin d that Otll' Yision ha been
unitc·d in ('losr fr·i, ·ndship."
no t n early brilliant en ou gh, and that w e mu t ~tse
lt would lw cl'iffi,·u lt to name a s in gle w r it1•r of
mor e color· in o ur· p ictur·c.
gr· n i11s who is not an a\'0\\'Ptl Soc ial ist, or iu symSome may not be in t e r est ed in know in ..... that
pat hy 11· ith t h1! ido·als of the 1110\'Cmcnt. Socialism
P rof. J oh n Cox , one of t he world ·s mo t noted
has \\'O il o1·c· r· t h1· b rai ns of t he world, bu t t hat is
P,hysicists, decla res t hat w e h a ve hut reac hed the
uot 1•n o11 g h. 'J'o a <'I ua l izr: ti1P Socia list philosophy,
st age where k nowled ge is iu t he m aking . In his
we· nPPrl tllf' work•• rs. t hr• ~duee rs . Th ey a r c th e
new book , " B eyon d th e i\ tom ," h e p ulls a ide t he
JH•o pl r· w ho <' O illl t in a r~l'o l ut ionary m o\'ement.
shu tt ers that y ,~il t he g r eat b ey on d of science j u st
Evf' I'Y int c· lo·r· f 11 a l oh jo·d ion to Socialism has been
enoug h t o m a k e us p ause fo r hrra th in a mazem en t.
aniliilaf •·d - a nd yet. Sor·ia li sm as a st ate of socidy
Jt seems th at t o grt " b eyon d th e a t om," a nd t o
is n ut h err· . \Vr• lllll SL l'o•:lf·li f. hr• m asses, who will do
full y under s t an d \\'hat is t her e, is t o un lock stor es 0 r
wha t 1hr• I lii n l< (' rs r·annnf dn- hrin g about t lw revocn cl'gy so Yast th at th e imag ination f ails t o con ceiYc
lutio n.- E . .1.
th eir rna·gnitudr . An atom , or· an clcetr·on , which
is Ycry mu ch sma ll er· than an a tonr, nu:ry b e a most
ROOT- PRIZE WINNER
inc·onscqu c nt ial t hi11g t o Sam .Jones, who is a m cmLer
), !Ill ' HOOT l1as hee n g iven th P N obel p1·ize o f' of ITarran g n c L ocal, but hr·ill iant sr·icn t ist s w orld u g
~HO , OOO J'o1· h nvi n ~ hec•n t he 1912 p ea ce m a n .
under· the wonderful cond itions brou gh t a bou t hy
As SN·r·l'ta r·y ~ I' StatP, th r: rwizc g inrs eont crid , h e Sam .Jon es's p olitical ph :losop hy rnay h e a bl e to
WUI·I; ed fo r· Jll'ac e to s u•·h a n exten t t hat he dcSPI'\'CS ha rness th e t' ncr gy t hat l i e~ "hC'yo ud t he a lom ," so
t li P litt!P r ae·li P. ::)uffe r in g blazes ! If favot·in g t he t hat Sa m ,J c n e~'s for csr.c11 economic cond itions will
s upp t·t>ssiou o l' t he F'ilipi n os d idn 't -hind cr Root f rom be a thou s{I Il d tim es mor e n ear·ly id eal. The ill usgc tt i n ~ I he Nolw l . p r ize, t hen I 'II bum an Ol'ph a n
tri ou s P oi nc·r:t·e saw bc•yond th e ato m onl y a lo<·kc<l
~u:;y l mn Hllll have a statu e er·ect ed m emorializin g me
sto r·chousc of t rr asnrc. 'l'h e t11·ent ict h centur.} .John
Co x sees a chance of unl ocl\ing I he stor·<·housr. A n d
ns a . IIHII1Hil itar·inn.- E . J .
Ra m S mith has th e ideal within ,,·!rich a ll th e Pnrl'gy
tl: a t a n~· b o riy ca n t nrn loose may he used as a hl essCORN ALSO GOES UP
iug fo r el'<' r fo r· a ll o f m a nkind . V\ f' sc· i('ntists lll ll flt
ll E latest goYcrumc nt n•por t on t he 1913 corn st ick t ogrth e r·.-C'. \f. "\V.
"'
cr op sh ows a t otal of 2,463,017,000 bush els.
T h is t otal f alls lw low th e pr·orluction of 1912 hy
FOR THE PEEPUL 'S SAKE !
SOIII C 66 1,000,000 bushels.
Jiow e\'Cl', it will be
OW ~ wit h t he beef t r ust! Do you lrf·ar· t hat?
n ot icrrl by th ose who p a ~· nttL•nt ion to t h e corn cr op
D D ow n with the berf t r ust! H ow w ill we do
tha t t h e 1913 cr·op . a ltho u gh con iaerab ly sn~all er
tha n that of 1912. is nthrNl at almost a m u ch. Th e it. T u t, tut! W hy ask silly questious '! J 'm a
pricc m •nt hig hct· in 1!1 1:!. On N ov. 1 1912. th e Jeffersonian D emocrat , and wh(•n 1 say, "Down with
p rice was 5-!.4 cNtt· JWr hu he!, bu t on the col'l'e- t he beef trust!" down !!Oes the hcef _trust. Hc' mems p on d ing d ntc in 19 1;3 it " ·as 70.7 eenL. The fact her that, fair one. Jlo\1'! \\'dl, if you JH•rsist, I 'll
is, h owc,·rt• t hat w hile t·orn old at a h iaher
tell Y OU thou 0'h 1 ·\' · !!a_!.!h.!!lwn!.l:'.!.'h!.....l.h!.!A·w~J.._J;,!;,_<L~,J.J.:J:sA;):_-f
..
ocialist. "\Yc 'll pnt lwrf on tltP fr·,.c· list. Do you
ht 19 13, it was a<'l u ally not worth a
r
or
• • •
I
• • •
E
• • •
T
• • •
•
�The Western Comra d e
get that! Free Ji~-f-r-e-e! Whoopee. That' me. even today no one eems to care very nmcb
We'll have Australian beef come in-and there11 work. We all like to do the thin we lik to d ,
he no tariff on it. Also, beef from Argentina gets but we dQn t call that work-it · play. The editor
a similar deal That 's what we're dofng for the of an extreme I. ,Y. W. organ wi.ll rave a in t
suffering peepul. Down with the cosCof living and work but he enjo, editing hili PIU> r-whi h i
once again, down with the beef trust. What
work! The tron g man in the p t, aw that mtul!
that 1 Hepeat that statement, please. Do you meail good things could be obtain d if om on with
to say that tlrr· beef tn1st owns the beef that comes patience and energy would p rform certain dutit'
from Australia and Argentina, and that putting so he f orced a eaker person into involuntar.
rvilw1·f on th e fr·N' list only helps ~ake more profit . tud e, all of w hich asn t a IPentlemanl t hing to d .
for tht~ !Jeef trus t ? There! I KNEW you w a8 a However , slavery taught u to worl~ · work ha made
Hor·ia!ist, ding it all ~-B. J.
civilization possible; and now work h a
r at d n
condition of society that Ari totle d r en m d of- \W
a r e doing the work of t h e w orld with rn a hiner y ·
RICH PICKINGS IN CHINA
t he slaves have b een f r eed , not hy hnmnnita rinni m
lTA~ ~III KA T is hold ing down hi s job as t he
bu t by the industrial y t em. I m ean , of our
Ilur r·ta of China w ith a bayon et. A rresting t hat th ey have been turned loose bu t tht-y ar n ot
Si·llaf ors, j ud ~rs, jo ur·n ali sts a nd w h at n ot , bu tcher - fr ee in th e true sense of t h e word. B for e t lH'. NUl
ing wiH·r r it Ruits h is fa ncy, h e has m ade of · t he be fr ee, th ey must b e th e owner s of th e ma hin esI·Hpif a} nr r a r·mrcl ram p. \ Vhil c a fe w n atiY CS in which m eans th ey must. hrin g Sociali m into h c in~ .
.\r ~t.!li<· i se tl f.!lll'h g-a th <'r n ow a nd th en , as a so rt . Th e industrial syst em is a vast m' chin e thnt must,
of l l'g· is l nti ''~' nsst·rnhl y, Yu a n Rhi Kai is t he Na p oleon of n eeessity, b elon g to ALI;. -E. J .
o n tlr l! jo h, and Jpt rron r. for get it. .\nd ho,\r docs
sur· h :t si tu a ti on s nit th e g reat "ci,·iliz cd " n a tions 1
F irr l'! F o r· wi th a good , stro ng , hu sl\y dictafot· on
PRIZE BONEHEAD EDITORIAL
t h1• job t ht• r·c is sonwhocly " ·ith wh om t o n rg-o tiat c
lTHOl? r qu estion , th e prize bon ehead edi lo n m; a r11l t'O II f'Pss ioll s. And what is Chi11a- or
t orial of th e month is on e which appea red
'T 1·x i.·o. c• it lt1 ·r·. fo r· th a t rnatt c r·- for , if not t o pro,· id l~
in t lntt pr·izc hmwh NI<l mn gaziu c, LPsli 's \Vr Pl<l y.
pi1 · l\ in ~es f'or 1hofw wh ose hu sinc •ss it is to pi <· k ·:
\\'r. (jnote only a part. for Ja ck of spa e ,~ :
Tl o\\'t• \·c· r·. tlr c• r·p '"' '~ j u f' t (\\' 0 fli t•s in th <' ('iriiwsc
" -\\rho built om mill s ? Who built 0111' railroad s?
oi11trrr c•rd . 011 r• is that· Snn Yat Se n . a rrcl tiH• rno\·eWh o r ciler.m ed th t> d cst> rt ·? \Vho urH:ovci·cd til •
lll !' llt hl' n ·pr'<'Sf' llt s, arc not dt> acl. Th e oth c1· is that
hicldrn ri chn ess of our min Ps nn<l our fi(']d s? Who
Yunn 11r 11 y lrt> hut-dr c· r·c•tl s<JIIr<' day in som r fa-.;hion
dignifi ed Am eri can lahor nn cl mad e it th e hcst ,paid
·PI' <'lll inr· t o Chirwsc t rarlitions , l c n,· ill~ th e IIJOIH'Y
in th e world Y
pi.· l\r1·s ill a hlu funk.
" Th e thrifty 1111111 with his savin gs built tlrt•
J ust thi mm·h is ce1·tain abou t China - ns it is
f adory .• Th e r apitali st with th e counr ge of his
a bout. l\T L'Xieo : l f th cr·e wpr·c no con cessionaires, no
conYi ctions and willin g t o t a]{C the risk built th e
morrey lend .,., · 'OJ' no pir k crs looking for a ny sort
rail!'oad . The farm r r , f ollowin g th e irnmi g raut t rail ,
or l'i (' h pi .kin g, China a nrl Mcxieo " "Ot!ld mu ch lll OI' C
bravin g th ~ dangers of th e d ese rt a nd turning tlw
. p f' dily finl th ir way into thP half-li g ht of mod<'r·n
" ·aters of th e snowy mountain in t o irrigation ditch eH,
<·ivili;r.a ti on - P. nd p erhnp. qui te a hit hr,v ond that
supplanted th e f'agc hr·ush with fi elds of wav ing cor·u
ll On <'-foo-ml n uwf'<l sfn g-c• of things.-C'. JL ·w .
nod s nowy cott on . Th en rn me t h e d emaga gue.
~' Th e de magogu e h as llf •t•n..a tr·ouhle ma k er for all
ARISTOTLE AND SLAVERY
tim e :tnd C\'f~ r·yw h -.~ r r~ . ~ 'J< ~ fiu t, r rrnembcr t hat
Tn; Ho n <mt hl ~' A1·i ·t otl e, " ·ho wa: a ri g ht n i~:c :1 demagog ue n <'ver fi ll <'d a p ay r n H lop e-and
f •ll ow . . a id . ome> p1·etty thin g wh e n h e d e- never will !"
Is it n ecrssary to add anything lJy way of coml't• ndPd t hP in .. titu tion of . lave ry . Sl an•r,v . he
ment
? Need it he said that a doll a r ncn~r fo rged
poi nh•tl o.ut. wa. a. rwet•.· it y. But he added . the>
a
hammt-r
o1· d r ove a spike? NePd it hr said that
l';hl YI' OW ill'l' would glndly fr ee . hi
h1 ve · were he
noth
ing
bu
t
labor ew•r c·reat1•d anything useful tCJ
nhle> to get w01·k donr without tlrr aid of human
the
human
r
ace!
Nt-cd it he said that the editor
<'IWrg~·.
li t• <•h•arl ~· . a w the day w ht-n all work
of
Le
lie'
ought
to
haYc died whc•n_ the Diplodocus,
would ht• dom• by machiner , w hich would mean
ictured
on
anothl'r
page of th1• same iAAD«', pas•wd
the.. ..cli.mir
• lawr,· in tht> >a t.
into
extinction
T
-('_
)f.
W.
work. But,
• • •
Y
• • •
W
• • •
T
�Tbe Western Comrade
:l32
A
SOOTHING THE WORKERS
~
apologi t for the system tells the workers
to be content because the capitalists allow the
workers to make automobiles for thefn, thus giving
thf' producf•rs something to do! \Ve are tbld to be
glad twr·ausr· t!te Astorbilts giYe an army of workf·rs t hP .. pri,·ilt>ge" of making beautiful garments,
limonsim·s, and g-lorious mansions. The parasites
justify tlll'ir paras it ism with this hunk: if we didn't
]f't you lllakP rnarohines for us, then you wouldn 't
ha\'C· :111,\'thing- to do-and thc11, you might get into
111 isdr ic· I': y ..s. yon 111 i~ht f'\'(•n gPt intoxicated!
It
rw \·,.r da\\·us tilt thf' parasit<'s that the '~orkers
r·rH tld oc·•·1rpy tltr·ir time making automolJiles for
th;·flrs..J\·;·s instf'acl of plutocrats. Y es, they might
•·\·c·n hnilrl pal;u·•·s for themspJ\·es. Th e apologists
for parasitism '"''·t· r ld that idea da\\·n on them.
\\'Ito ;·oulrl tltirtl; of a \\·orket· making wool instead
of shoddy t'ot· his own g-arments, making a · b eaut il'ul lto11t•· fm· his own tlass in stead of building
ltrJ\·;·Is' 'l'ltc· id•·a ol' tltP working class produc ing
do ·;·; ·nt food for itsr·ll' is ludierous. If a tlca bite
t It; ·•· on t h• · r ig lrt C"!wc·k , t 111'11 unto him the left.
).'or. \·c·ril,\· I s:r.\' 1111to t-lrPt•, the flea hiteth hcca use it
is Iris n:ttlll'" t o hit •·- Thou sltouldst not swat the
tl•·:r . l'or tlt; •fl t ho11 \\'o uldst 11ot haYc occasion ·to
sc· t·:ii..JJ. Be· kind to t!tt· fi t·:r. for if Cod ·h ad not
illtPildc·d tiH·; · to IH· hitt( •fl h,v fleas, H e \\'Otdd n e'er
h:11·;· llt:JCl• · t lt i'lll. Am t•n .- E . .T.
• • •
T
PROFIT-SHARING BUNCOMBE
II E \\' all ~t t' P;·t .lourll:il P\' id ently talu•s g r eat
p l;·: tSIII'<' in stat i11:; thnt +0,000 employes 'of the
St;•pl ( 'orpora t io11 llo\1· O\\'tt ;·it hPt' <·ommon or pr·cl';· t'l'<'d sto;·l\ in that gTPa t c·o t·porntion. This stock,
ol' i'OIII'Si'. JHI,VS divitl;onds. From th e point of ,·iew
ol' thf' \\'all _Str·f•Pt .l oul'llal this stock is a good
ill\'f '~'< tiiJPnt for tlt f' r tnploy<'s who own it , an<l th e
StPPI Corporation is a most a flmirnhl e co t·poratiou
-to :ill ow it s emplo,v<·s to get r·ieh in that marm cr·.
B11t, r·ig ht a lon g- "·ith this statem ent about stock
and 1livide1rds antl fortunat e-as w ell as providentc•mpl o.''f'S, 'H' nlust tak e into cons id eration th e f act
thnt Steel Cot·pO!'atioll employ es ar·e; a mong the
J>oOrt>st pniJ in .\m c ri en; that the m en in the blist er in~r sh•Pl mill s w ork outrageously lon g hours, and
go int o em·ly ~raves flhadows and wrecks of the
stron!,r lll<'ll th ry OJJC<' w er e.
.
1t !li llY hr \\'PIJ CIIOUgh fo r the -!0,000 who OWn the
s tol' k t o hn vc> thr~ pr·ivilegc of ownership a ccorded
thrm . But just so sure as an employe owns stock
he M,-~ <'pts thr t>mploy r r 's point of view, and h e
m con equenee. a foe to higher wages and shorter
hour . And 41),000 llH'll oppo ed to unionism can,
by un.ited and constant effort, influence a far greater
number of men, tlm rhceking ocial progres and
menacing the welfare of the rna . Ever-y tockowning employe i,· :t paid spy of the bos e&-and a
cheaply bought one at that. l\Io t every oul-grinding corporation pia~·: . orne uch de picable game
as that. "Bewart' tlH· (~t·Pck , " when they come
·c JJ ing tock !-C. :.r. \\".
• • •
THE INIQUITOUS INCOME TAX
T
O be UI'C, WI' WOI'kCr. do llOt get . ·3,000 a y ear,
so W<' arc not touehrd hy the tyranuiral income
tax Jaw, hut that dorsn't lllt>aJJ that w e shonldn 't
proft·st. The· rl:~ll'-!1'1' is t~1at \H' may, in thc(cmotP
futur·r·. ~et an tnt·om .. of . ·1,000 a year, and then,
hon·ot·s! \'V'p wrml<l han· to pay an income tax!
That wo uld lw :ndul. \\ hi le it. is tt·uc · that only
:wn.ooo out of a populatiou of 100.000,000 a l'e touch ed
by th r· inr·omr tax l;nr. \\·e must r rmcmbc r that in
th is la nd of sun~ltine anrl flo wPrs we hricldayer.
an d piano-IIIO\'i't'-: ma ~·. HIWXJW<'trdly, find OlH
ill L'Oili<'S h oostr·d to :!;:l.OOO a year; and th en we
\\'CJIIId h<l\'(' t o gi,-c t lit· I ' uit ed States Government
th<~ pt·it·P of' a box of 10-rent f·i gar·s. \\'c 'Yorker·
IIIU~t dPf<' tHl'thP l'apitalist in hi'> graft, for w e must
:d\\·ays rPill<'lllhc•r that WP ma y, at any mom ent,
lwt·o mc plnt or- rat s. Hnnst fo t· our opprcsso r·s at
JH'PS<' Ilt. so that \\·e, in th e s \\· ret by and by, will
h<' ahl r t o d o our oppt·;•;;si n g u nmol est ed hy meddlin g
tax g-:ilhPt't'rs.- E . .J.
TTTE
•• • •
GEmNG THE NEW VIEW
prrson wh o writ;os a hout li tcmturc and art
i.w CurTent Opi11ion think s that "t he 110\'Cl is
!'r asing to he a l01·e stm·~· nnd is brtomi n g dominantl? 'a lllPs;;:q?;·· .. , Still a11 othPJ' r c vif''\'C r says
that '' lm·t• is goi ng- 011! of fas hion" in novels.
:.rnyh<• it is so. ..:-\nyho\1·, the sort of love stories
thn t rn ost \\Tit Pt's h:J\'i' \\Tit t (• n ought to go out of
fa s hion . l'p-to-dat P fil'lion ou g ht to r e fl ect up-todntP id <•ns. That is. it' it
fi ction about present
t im rs.
An~l - m od P m thinking fo lk s arc getting over the
notion that "·h en a man ]o,·es a woman h e picks
h er· up and lu gs h1·t· off t o his furnished flat, t here
to k ePp It er " in JW:i(· t~ an d happiness ever afte r ."
~fod r. m fic tion, it Iilli)' be, is taking into account
th e changin g iut·as rr>~ranling woman as a piece of
pr·opr>rty . Anyhow, it ought to. And we Socialists
h ope it is. Th e ki n d that isn ·t· we r efuse to r ead.
·"e
'l:_:'O~rn
~c~s~a,.:t:_r•~a~
it~o~r_;t~o~h~i.~s~
n~o~n~-s~t=o~e~k::-~o~
w:2n~i~n~
g ...:!f~e:.'.l~lo!..:.v~'l.::.-_~-\~n~c~l-:l~
·n~t'-i:I~H:_::'s~·,·-;:d~a~':..:·s~·-~"~·]~,a~t~c:.;'~·cc!.r·~d~o~e'-!:s~n~':;t____11:-;a~s~s;;m
.XA.
-- --wI,:Jl::~ol'l\1·
. the
soeia lists i~ not standafd.-C. 1\L \V.~u~suttoer-lrr . li P th us becomes a foe to unionism and, wrth
�.,By
J. L. E
GD
HL
OC1ALISTS in the
te oped.JIIIIeh.
take •hat they get 8J!d keep on
fighting. They may at times :ftpd vidory
elusive, bot nenr im
le. Th ~
lien: that hard work make:S anyt)Un
th••.r ~Wt their minds upon probable.
•• I low muda pro !!'I'
did the American F~cleration of Labor make this
t iwd" J<4 t ht• tarumal IJUe .tion a. ked by many
iali
wit" t fw lllljmu·lfmt•IJt or c·a··h SlU.:eeeding A. F. of L..
-=~!!!!!!~
Hlll\'••fltiml.
It
i~
tlw
~iUppii•IJwnt
nf •'ociali.·t suece a mea and dt•\'iMI'! mt>ans, after each general
•·IPdioll llsal 1ak"" plac· r in the>Sc Cnited States. The
tot:Jl of \'OII•Ii <·aHt Ht thl' hallot box, J10wever, offers
till it•rt•fut a lilt• H rgurn cnt. E\·cr·y roll call taken. in the
AIIWI'i!·llll l•'pdf•ration. of Labor· offers room for nUJnerOIIi'i I'OJJI 1•111 ions.
So, w llill' 'V en the worst enemies of working-class
solidHJ'il y i11 I lit• pol it ic·al str·uggle admit that Socialism is lllllld ll ~ JH'O ~ r· t•ss at 1l1 c hallot box, there are still
t II olio i 11 th o Am c!r·ic·n n Pede ration of IJabor who seem
fo find t•onsolutio n i11 tl1c c·ontcntion that Socialism is
11111ldii ~ no lt c•a dwn.v in 1h P PC·o nomic movement of ·
,,.,., f,y
1111111~'
labor·.
ncere,
'I h 'N
nle
w~t\"ll tll~ ~ul"ention
~t l~hat\ lu~pin~ tn
who eaeh year closely
city of the Ameriean Federation
that organization
dden1y
"We are confident tbat, when our J)r .oot poUt 1
ties bave suitably matured, a new polttleal vartr Ul b
logical result, a party tn wbleh wUJ be ama,Jpm
reform and humanitarian for~, wbleh wnt repr
stand for tbe protection and •upremacr ot bu
giriug legislative expression to tbe .oaJJd, U4:mDJWU
political position that the producer• of wealth are ft111WIG
to their full sbare or tbe value tbeerof. aa4 a ~ W •
party in w!lfcb may be found tbe tore. repr:-.mtliU
holding
supreme the s.o-ealLtd
~ve goal
.-ouJd be the
~
o( propen,-,
~
«
~4JtllfWIJ.tm
-we 21re Jaopetut that fD suda a cler•eJopm.eot
0\ftl
than it .
be
aDd geater aatnty '" ~
lm!Qit.dll\fd
�. The Wes tern Comrade
fnt& tl'l:eflr Tespective 011 new tmfomr. and! that fnl tJ'I:efr' fed;era.ted refationshlip genem.n poMtfeaJ. aetivftiy wmJ be gjiv"en
conatant and ever-f.n:cTeasiing arttenltfolll, o that. with tfre mmre
eompkte eTga 1'1Jfzatf0n of labor iin the eoonGmu: li'e!dl the11e
wH! be aafPr and! g~reatev ()J}porttmities f61" the creation and
formation of a pofftfca Iab01r party, or a party; piedged! to
the conseJrVation or h(llman rigll!ts, whatever the party"s name
m~t~~
~
•
President G01mpers' statement that the entire matter eonJd ha~re bN!'D ruled oot of order Wa Omewhat
signjfieant. But the day when the A. F. of L can
ignore the political outlook is past. The uce s of
the Socialist party iv establisbing .itself as tbe political
expression of labor depends sole1y upon itself.
The statement of policy on 'the question of r eligion
Jeans little to he desired. It indicates that the fact
that tlwre is a majority of Catholics on the A. _F . of L.
ext•(·utive t·ou w·il must not be taken too seriou. ly. The
Sot·ialists. too, may make mur:h of the l\Iilitia of Chri t,
just as tl11·y hrough t the National Ci\·ic Federation into
the lirndight; hut, in the last analysis, it must be
adrnitt•·d that hoth . of thf•sc organizations fe ed 'alrno ·t
so lt·l y Ofl Stwia list at~tago t~i snl.
Th t· poli•·y 1·lub of thr• .\ .F. of L ., with ,,·hich it w111
IHo poss iiJJ, . lo lw:tt haek c·atholit· intrusion whcnC\'C l' it
pt'I'Sf' ttl s its<·! I', is ns follows :
"Yonr ('omrn llt!'C i s firml y convinced t ha t nothing would
he morP i~1jurious to th e wr·lfan, of our movement than the
lnjcetlon of queHtions r t> lativn to r eligi on . Th e Am erica n
tradN! union rno1·ement . from its ineeptiOJI, has exc luded all
qu estio n ~ of a ~ecta rlan nature from its co n1·entions, and
thi s ri!!;itlly appli ed poli ey has mad e it possible to build up
a union nH>I' . m cnt , whkh o th erwi se would be impossible
to e ither secure or maintain. "
Tit<· slogau of th e ] nt cmational Socialist party is
that , '' Hr li gion is a priYatc mattct·. '' Th e same must
hol<l true for· the tr·adc union mov ement. But when
. the forc es of religion seek to di ctate to eith er the
politica l or economic wing of th e working class movement, then it is time to fight back
At this time, when Socialism it gaining gt·eater and
greater recognition· from the trade union movem ent,
the veteran Socialists in the Ameri can Federation of:
l.Jabor cannot help but wonder how much greater would
have been this progress had the Socialists not always
been the champions of s-eced ing and dual movements.
However much these mov ements were justified by conditions, it was felt that much better results could have
been obtained by remaining on the inside, where it is
possi ble fight to much better advantage. The Sociuli t del egat es at Seattle recognized the difficulty,
and sometimes the hopr lessn·ess of- fighting for an
orgnniv.ation that had SC\'ered its connections with the
A. F. of h , whi ch mu t be recognized as the bona fide
t t·adc union mowm cnt of this country even by its
wor t cnemic .
'l'hi faet was brott"'ht out in the struggle that was
--~·d
the. f t deJJegatt mged the
0~10 W Qr"kers; to
mhlly t.llumt.s:eJ!v-e with t.he Ciigarmake.us, and get inti)
the A.. F. of' L. ur.nder any oo..n:wti&,BS· lhl!t the p•:it
o.f the rehe-J is a hard ]ill-it to tame, and! 1t m t be
admitted that .o me of tbe reaetimtB!l"y 1'o..ro in the
A. F. &f L. have heJidi their &\~ tlli thai aeeouut.
Tb · weakeniDg of the tme fo.ree · of progt'e · in
the A. F. of L.. g
far b.ack
tbe €)J'ganiZ:atioo
of · the American · Railway l11lion, fo.U<nved by Ute
coming and going of the oeiali t Trade , and Labor
Alliance ana tbe lndu trial \Yorke of tbe WorM.
In tbi way the dement \Yorking for the de ·elo~
m~n of a con cious and intelligent moYement of the
toiling ma e ha been ~pJit in t wain. It i felt that
thi is being gt·adually overeo~e, and that the next
fe-w :year will do much to hea l the rupture of the pa ·t.
. ne of the indication Of the fl'l'OWing pOWCl' of
ociali rn wa shown in the fact that Pre fient Gompers appointed well-known ociali t to prominent
place on important commi-ttees, where pt·e,·iou ly he
had huddl ed them all to"'ethcr olf unirriportant r:om.
mit tees.
\\' it h t he 'ociali t party g t·owin g st r·ong in many
of th e nation .· municipalitic ·, the que tion of muuicipal owncr·ship becomes of domiuant impQrtancc. 'l'h e
::lea II lc co nYentio n showed th at labor is equa lly int t!rcsted. Tak e th e ca e of th e str·cct eat· men. 'l'hey,
lik e th e Socialist:, \r clcome th muni cipal owner hip
of street car lin es, but th e right of the m n to organize
and protec t th ei e economic iuterests must be safe.
guarded . . Capitali. m in politics, ns well ns iu industry,
is not backward in fighting th work cr·s. The street
car men are going to find out wh r·e th ey stand, and
at Seattle secured the aid of th e A. P. of h in conducting an )nvestigation of this importan t · problem .
The same is true of th e teamsters' union in handlin g
the United States mails, and of the civil s rvico
empl~cs in the Postal Departm ent and oth er· branches
of federal employment.
That th e time is ripe for agitation for a six-hour·
day was . shown in th e r eception given the resolution
on this subject introdu ced by the painters ' union.
The conv ention declared itself "in syrn pathy with t ho
principle," but f elt t ltat~oo "organized labor should
strive for a more gen eral application of the eight-hour
workday in all trades and occupations before devoting
our energies to the introduction of the six-hour workday." This agitation is meeting with considerable
response among many of the building trades, and in
the miners' union considerable agitation has been carried on for fewer hours of labor.
Forced with the opening of . th e Panama Canal and
the coming of additional hordes of foreign toilers to
·~~-~~~~~~·M-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~H,~e---
\ Vorltcr . And thi" i but a repetition of the case of
th . ceding faction of th e hoe Work er. .
orne of
eattle convention adopted a com prehensi\'e policy on
the immigration question.
The convention \·oted
�T h .e W e s t e.r
almost unanimously in favor of the literacy test, and
urged th~t measures be taken to educate European
toilers to the fact that the United States is-not the
land of gold and rich es, wealth and sunshine painted
by t he steamship companies.
t
The American F ederation of Labor stepped into
the · arena as a peace fa ctor by urging the adoption
of the proposed" Naval Holiday" for one year between
the United States, England and Germany. The situation in Mexico was also consider ed.
W e have t oday three r ather well-defined groups of
Socialists. One gr·oup belittles economic actio:Q. alto~eth e r, pinning its hopes to th e early arrival of the
<'o-oper ntive comm omHa It h throu gh political action.
nCo m r a d e
335 .
Another group antagonizes the Amer'ican Federation
of Labor ;at every opportunity, and,, incidentally political action; through the advocacy .o f an industrial
panacea all its own. The third group stands for both
political arid economic action, political through the
Socialist party and its activities, and e!)onomic through
the American Federation of Labor and its activities.
It is my opinion that the third group makes Sociaiist progress in this country possible in spite of the
otber two groups. The work of the American F ederat i{)D, of Labor at its Seattle convention indicates that
Socialists have no~ing to lose by assisting and working. wi~h.. the two million mE-mbers of that growing
organiza tion.
Feminism and the Trend Towards
Democracy
By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
The feminist movement, like every other modern radical movement, has its basis in a certain economic reorganization going on in society. This reorganization is taking place in the d irection of democracy. Consequently, this
movement finds expression, socially and politically in ideas and legislation which build for democracy step by step.
To briefly outline the advance of these fo r ces for democracy and to show their influence on certain sections of
society is t he purpose of this series of articles.-The Editors.
I.
The Economic Causes for Feminism
" ] s th e F eminist IlfoYcment r e,·olutionary1" asks
th e " ·orld , some\\'h :tt perplexed at th e widely diffcr·in g
,,·ays in " ·hich th e mo\'ement expresses itself in var·ious
pla ees a nd und et· var y in g conditions.
Y cs, th e F eminist J\foyement is r evolution a r-y . It
grew directly out of a r adical economic r econstr·uction
of society ; its aim is t o fur·th er that r eeonstl'uction.
'J'h ere£or·c, it is r eYQlutionary.
Spec ia lization and the r esulting incr eased product i,·ity. of lahor are th e basis of the F eminist Movement,
(' \' Cn as th ey a re th e basis of the Socialist Movement
and th e Labor 1\fovement. This specialization of labor
has brok en down the barriers of isolation surroundin g
llom esti c work and is with increasing rapidity drawing
its var·ious hn111 ch<•s into th e current of social product ion, t hcr·t>by openin g entir·ely n ew fields of endeavor
for wom en, while closiu g to th em many of th e old . 'fhe
t:han ge from individual production to collective production , makin g eve ry l,1.uman hand n ecessary to ever·y
ot her· hand, has shatter ed th e chain that r estrict ed th em
to d omestic labor and thrown wide open th e gates to a
n ew world.
Each time th e world adopts a n ew met hod of work
These n ew needs give
birth to n ew thoughts, riew morality, new id eals, n ew
inst itutions. Th e tremendous industl'ial and intellectual
a
changes- which have taken place in the last century because of the c.hange in the world 's met hod of feeding
and clothing itself are manifested by all th e science, the
literature and the art of the p eriod. If th en, such
sweepin g chan ges hav·e r esulted mer ely from a change
in method of work, how much greater change must take .
place wh en womankind chan ges not only its method but
also it kind of work!
I will Jreave for succeeding articles th e discussion of
th e profound and deep-rooted intellectual r evolution
which is inevitable and is already becoming apparent
bcr ause women ar e assuming different lab'Jrs. I will
deal her e with the new economic problems with which
women al'e confronted in their strange new w orld and
the r elation of th ese problems to th e world-wide movemept toward d emocracy. .
•
In t heir old world th e wants of women and th e wants
of th eir children w er e provid ed hy a. domestic lord,
whom th ey served in r eturn for· his support- an ent il'cly undemocratic condition of affairs. 'J.'h e one great
ft'Uitful fa ct of th eil' new world, cr eated by this industri al r eorganization, is tltat ·it affords opportunjties for
many women to b e self-supporting and even for~es ·a
great many to d ep end ence on th eir own purses, thereby
lay in g th e found ation f or th e realization of · the feminist 's ideal an existence independent of the purse
st rin gs of a man ; th e opportunity for self-realization.
Bein g self-d epend ent brings wom en into direct con-
�336
T be Western Com r a,d e
taet ·with labor conditions, with business conditions and they work with; cheaper than the product of their
with political methods wltich they only guessed at and labor ; cheap a dro . To them human life is more
felt vaguely while they were hobbled in th~narrow valuable than all the diamonds of ti1e Kimberly mines,
field of domestic affairs. They discover in a very short and dearer than the glory of ten generations of kings.
time that economic independ~nce must be a. mere shibTo theJl:! it i ineompreben ible that governments
boleth as long as factories, . stores and offi~s remain should legislate for the welfare of property as against
dens of exploitation ; as long as they escfl.pe dep'end- ~ the welfare of citizens; that people should be made
encc on one man only to become dependent on a job. the servants of thing in tead of things beina made
!II orally th ey may be better off-provided they escape the ervants or" people; . that a nation hould mea ure
tltc clutches of prostitution-but economically, unles . its wealth in dollars rather than in human happiness.
they ar·c of the fortunate few who are enabled to enter
To them it i amazing that Might should mean
the pruf(:ssions, they are worse off than ~efore . Though Right; that any man borne with the a me mother'
they may IJc aiJic to overco.me the discriminations pang , fed with the same mother' milk, reared with
agaiJJst tllf:ir sex in th e way of remuneration a nd op- the same .mother's care as all his fellows, should be
portunity, the difficulty of fulfilling the func~ions of arrogated above them to .feed idly on their labor· that
rnoth1·rhoou alld still mai11taining an independent ex- the welfare of the group should. be set a ide for the
isten t<· connot he overcome uudcr p resent conditions.
selfishness of an individuaL
All this is not according to the ways of w9men.
"\s a l'<•sult, lllaiTiagc becom es more and more diffiSo they set to work with the energy and spitit of
t ult for thl•tll, partly beca use the wages of many men
do uot suffi1·1~ for the support of a fami ly and p artly pioneer to fashion t his amazing, cgotist'ic, squandering
hecause they Ita \'e a stroug distaste for retu rning t'o world more to their liking, that is, m~re democratically.
They do not dream many dreams. ·women at·e not
abso lutely llllpaid householu duties. The women who
have stmg-gled ha rd and value hi ghly any measure of much given to dreaming. They do not construct an
elaborate theot·y and quibble O\'er the manner in which
fJ'C (~dOIII th<·y 111ay have IJeen auk to Wrest from COJ1dit ions so a vcnw to free womc11, realize t hat every sort it shou ld he r ealized. Th ey start no controver ies, no
Of ind epP!Id t::JlC(•- ilJ (elJ ectUal, moral, polit ical Or any factions, no revolutions OYer abstract ideas. Generaliot hrr --ha ng-s in thr lasl analysis by t he t hread of eco- ties have nry little fascination for them .
JJ OJIIil· iJII II· JH'IJ d'·'J (·I·. 'l'o them a matTiage that necessiT li l'y get down to concrete work.
ta t i~s a<·<·<·pt ill g t h<: su pport of a man is an inexcusab le
'l'hcy s~c t hat t he present basis of society is indiret rogressio11 lo a co tHl it ion hom which th ey have es- vidualist!c; t hey would make it social. Being awar e
caped wi th di fti (;ult y. Ou the other hand, industry is of t he effor·ts at soc.ializat ion goiug on everywhere, t hey
so comluctcd th at WOJil en cannot go on with their work put forth every energy to f nrther those efforts. 1' heir
and care fo•· t heir· chil dren. It demands the great er aim is to fi rst f r ee th emselves t hat t hey may f ree. t he
share of th eir t ime and gives in return insufficient wages race. They t ake advant age of every opportunity,
fo r t he support of a family. Thus they have the alter - wh et her it be t he. cr·eation of a municipal ice plant,
nativ{) of returning to a condition which they consider t he oustin g of a had mayor, the winning of a strike,
d egradin g or foregoing the greatest joy, the highest or a fi ght for pure milk to furt her the inter ests of the
aim , th e d ear est labor o.f women- motherhood.
p eople as a~:ain st t he interests of pr operty. They cr eep
Since the passion for motherhood, efficient mother- into every cr evice, d imh every wall, penetr ate every
hood, strong mot herhood, happy motherhood is the most recess of the social st ructure, leaving trac;s of their
powr rful fo rce in women's lives; since for that passion prcsenre wh e~eve r. they go, and t he trace of their
th ey will move mountains, suffer endlessly, sacrifice all, presence is ever a little bit of the mother spirit.
it is hardly t o be expected that they will uncomplain'ro incorporate the mother spirit, the democratic
ingly endure a system which robs many of them of spirit, in the i; 3titntions of society-is that not revo..
t heir right to childi·en and tortures those who are per- lutionary ?
mitted to exercise this right by smiting their little ones
with t he curse of hard labor and ignorance and disease.
NEW HAVEN ROTTENNESS
But t here ar·c other problems besides purely p ersonal
Th e New Haven road has p assed its quar terly diviones which mah women antagonistic to societ y as it is. dend fo r th e first time in forty year s. Twen ty-four
As t hey are t hrown into this commercial .world, thousand middle-class and capitalist-class stockholders
hcretofoJ'c occupied only by men, t hey. have immeasur- . were bitterly grieved, o£ course. The New Haven is
able difficulty in adju ling themselves to it. It is more basing a powerfu l plea for a 5 per cent incr ease in ·
t han pas iug strange. Far indeed ar e its ways from the freight rates, lar gely on its failure to pay the dividend.
ways of women's minds and hearts!
However, it is a mattet· of common knowledge t hat the
'l'o 1hem it i appalling that, in factor ies and mines condition of the New H v·
others, is not due t o cost of operation, but is the penalty
for stock watering and all manner of t ricl•ery .
�CRAZ I
:tte-no~S', JU!litll.Sl an
T HESE:~
Wng,ht~ nm;w d.~fd~ t:QI hJl.d m;w
mast:e.npieceSl mt:o th~ as_te; bask~t:
In <mder to j~lil:w them a biit, s_o that
tiley wm. be nice, t.o m&~ J p;u,t; tb.e.iir
picture in with th res.t, of the iQk.i!.~
'l'hey :re:a:Jl) don tt lQok like this~ hut:
th.e;w may. s.emeda.;r.
tone, P atient bor
I NDr.a meek
Capital: " What's the mata.sks
La;
.
ter with me, Doc? ·I feel bad. "
Mter a fake examination, Dr. C_apital answers : . " You're in a bad fix.
l find that there is .a dollar in you.
An operation is necessary.''
Sometimes the patient lives
through an operation, but the doctor
always removes the trouble!
W
HEN a business man pats me
on the back
He's working me for something.
When a sweet girl smiles at me, I
am cautious ;
She's working me for something.
Yes, whenever anyone caters to me
I feel
He ifl, working me for something.
But when a tiny baby holds out its
chubby hands to me a.nd
sroi!es and wiggles its feet, I
fall, for I know that it just
loves me;
It is not working me for something.
..
. Mike, who 's that intelligent
S AY,lookin'
gent?"
...Why, don't you know?'"
.. No. "
••That 's ·a wise guy. Can't :you
see ihe•:s ioo'k:Uqr a.t yoUl' pictooe in
The We-stem Comrade?''
�The We s tern Comrade
We're Going to Congress Again
By CHESTER M, W·RIGHT
f
~
F ANYTHING in tb ~ world ,would cause was elected to congress. . Comrade Thomas says that
the Honorable Champ Clark- the Honor- the party will probably elect two state senators and
able Champ being speaker of th'e. Huuse ten or twelve assemhlymen. Also, there is an excellent
of Representatives-to get uneasy in..his chance to elect a mayor in Milwaukee in April of this
official chair and to dream of hobgoblins year.
~ at night it would appear to th'ose era s
New Jersey expects to elect several mayors. "Pushand uncouth mernbers of the p:oleta;riat ing steadily forward, " says Secretary W. B. Killing" ·ho go about packing red cards"in their b(lck.
right-ha nd inside coat pockets that th e thing best cal· "Going to elect our state ticket," declares the state
ctrlat <•d to do those littl e things would be· the ~sending secretary of Oklahoma, who also expects the party to
of about a dozen ~oe: ialist congressmep down to \Yash- elect four congressmen, with · two additional districts
in g-ton to ruffl e th e neatly laund ered processes ~f th e Close. That th er e will be i.t. few Socialist mayors elected
ga th cr·in g kn own as tlH! lowf•r· house.
this spring is the further inspiring mes~age from t he
··- About two months ago Th e \Vestern Comrade se'1 t Broom Corn state.
to ea<· h state sccrd a r·y of th e Socialist party a letter
State Secretary l\L F . Wiltse, of Iowa, expects an
of inquiry to asce rtain, if possibl e, how many congr~ss- increase in vote, but no victories.
men, h o w many state senators and assemblymen, how
Pushing right up to the front, State Secretary Wilma ny 111ayors and how many governors mi gh't be liam H . Henry, of Indiana, says there is a "good
r lcctC'<l in 1914. Heal(v, the editors didn '-t expect t o chance " to elect three congressmen, with five close
bear a ny state src r·t'tari cs predict the election of gov- districts, as well as the possibility of electing from
ernors, but th ry did expeet to hear that a goodly delr- thirty to forty members of the state legislature in the
gat ion wonlcl be Yot r d into th e place Victor 13cr·ger coming fall contests. H e declares that he bases his
fill f• <l not long ago.
estimate on th e exp erience gained during fifteen years
Thil't r •·n stat r s•~nct:u·i cs r eplied to t hat lettr r. It of party service, and calls att ention to the fact that
must lH' eoneludcfl that th e others arc not enthusiasti c t wo mayors wer e clectrd in Indiana in the r ecent elecabout th P <· hall Pf's for elt!<:ion suceesscs in th eir· stat es. t ions.
l<, or·, if th er·e is any p erson who will lift his voice up in
Six state r epresentatives are expect ed by the state
meetin g to slwut tlw g-lad news it is a Socialist state secr etary of Utah, as well as an equal number o£
sec retary who thinks his stat e is going t o laOfj in th e mayors.
procession with a gt'cat and effective strin g of victories
E. A. Green, state secretary for Texas; expeets the
for labor at th c_polls. It must be assumed, th creforr, hig Lone Star state to elect one or two members of
that th e most promising states have been heard from . th e state legislature. H e predicts a heavy increase in
In th e letters sent out emph asis was laid upon th e t heo vote.
fact that con:;ervative r eplies were dcsir·ed . Evidently,
T. E . Latimer, Minnesota's state secr etary, says that
that r equ est has been heeded.
th e party will have candidates in all of the t en conIt appears from th e r eports of th e state sccrctar·ics gressional districts, and that in five Socialists will be a
that th e Socialist party will elect anywh ere fr·om twelve fa ctor, with a fighting chance for victory in three out
to twenty congressmen in the fall of th is year. Taking of th e five. A r eapportionm ent of legislative districts
the same replies at face value, th e party will elect will greatly aid the party in sending a large delegation
approximately sixty state assemblym en, with possibly to the state capital, un~ss th e non-partisan law. now
a few state senators accompanying th em to state capi - heing contested in the courts, is upheld. If the law
tols. As to mayors, little is said, hut about t en good ly is declared unconstitutional, as Comrade Latimer
citi rs arc expectin g r ed card executives.
thinks it easily may be, he says, "we should elect at
As to governors- well, most Socialists wi ll say that least fift een members of the lower house and five mcmit is ratlr cr early po he speaking or Socialist go'"emors. bcrs of the senate." The party has driven the enemy
But Oklahoma brlievcs th ere i13 a chan ce for one t here, to one fold in many parts of the state, and in at least
and California, to a certain extent, holds a similar a dozen distt·icts th e Democrat ic party is almost elimibelicf.
nated. If it should be r evived Comrade Latimer feels
From \Visconsin State Seci·ctary Miss E . H. Thomas that Socialist vict01·ics may :be expect ed in those disvrites that there _is a good chance to ,,Ject two Soc iali s,.~..t_turJic.ctw:so...aal~..:;s.uo,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
r ongrcssmcn, 1Joth , of comsi>, in th e Mil waukee disState Sec retary T. \Y. Williams of California writes,
tricts. It was from one of th ese t hat Victor L. Berger "We approach th e 1914 campaign with confidence. We
I ,
W&j
�e
Tb.e WesterlJ Comrade·
lthon d eleeil f'&1!lll" eOlllg,ressmen leld from. ten to liifteen
assembllyme"D, ~Ell a eonespoordiill!g m:l!IDlber of s.tate
se·natC!l'l'S:. 't
Seereta:ry Camron of' Oregon is: lo&iking to 1916,
rather than to 1914, lmt be says: tbaft if a proportional
representation referendum, now ~eing pn,shed by the
party r ca:n be gotten through in time for the 1914
elections tbe Socialist ''will have several :repr,e enta-
t ives."
In Washington neither faction of the party hopes
to elect during 1914, though a strona gain m vot!! .
(•xpected.
.
Guy Underwood, state secretary for Illino' mnst
have receiYed the letter from The We tern Comrane
on a rainy Monday. Or it may have been snowilig and
he may have slipped down the "L" stairs. His reply
was contained in two sentences. One sentence ackpowl•·tlged the letter of inquir·y. The other sentence was:
" \Ye can t ell far more about such things about eight
rnonths fr·om now, if you write to us at that ~ime." It
}'lllSt lw remembered, in connection with Illinois, that
1he party srnt a del egation to the state legislature a
~·c·nr ngo.
Se<·retary Robrrt \\·. Ringler· of P ennsylvania is
optimistic as to an increase in the ,·ote, hut does not
•·:tJ'e to mak e any definite statcmrnt of expectations.
1/ i'('Cnt tamprrin g with th e election machin ery by
f' ri ghtcncc1 capi tal ist legislators may l1ampcr t he So•·ialisfs for a short ti me.
:\ c· hnn ec to cl 'Ct t"·o state assemblymen, with big
gains. m the vate pFOl> l>l~. • the Ol'l\UO@ in
gmiia~ w~ little Rhode Island! e:xpoot & 2S IM'l'
gaan in tJre SaC'i • t vote~ with n{) elee-ililn J(l.C;
Comrade Fred E. lr-isb. tate :eeretaey ~
· · pOSitive and. conei e. a · l ell a h~:r ,e. H11
"We all nat elt'ct anyb~d.v - in !faine for a numh~
of years.u
There sre a few fairly ·t rong tate mi ing UQm
the compilation; but the ituatioo, Q far tl po ible
or probable vietori •• are con e.rned. is nm.m ed hei
with not' enough mi sing· territory to matel'ially altEU:
the r es:u)t, o far a elected menace to capita.lism al'e
concerned. It annot be aid, of course, tlutt all or mo t
of the victories here predicted will materialize. I t i
the purpose of the e predicti~n m rely to Q\ltlin the
probabilities; to bring to the front tho e place in
\vhi'h the element of chance i F R ociali t ncce
at the polls.
l
It is the belief that the state ccreta n e have bt•cn
conservatiYe in their e timate and that tho e victorie
that t hey have predicted are very likel to materialize.
· In other word. , the ociali t party actually does 'tand
an exce1lent chance of havina a del aa1ion of ten or
twelve men in the n ext 11ational congl' , and it does
stand an excellent chance of having strong d •)cantions
in a n umber of state lcgi ·latur , ns w ll ns a fin
chance of r ecapturing t hat first gr at Ameri an eitadcl
the city of l\1ilwaul{ee.
And, becau e of those thing , l t u nll :fight out·
best!
IMMIGRATION IN AMERICA·
By EMANUEL JULIUS
r.~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'l JGllA'l'JON is common to all auimal life.
.m
As inexorably as '\Yater seeks its level
. life serks those regions wh ere it can most
~
easily and most plentifully supply its
hungct• needs. It is equally tru e of the
higher fom1s and the lower. It is equally
true of locusts, elephants, savage races
and civilized races.
In America race assimilation, race amalgamation
is in process of development on a scale that meets
with no comparison. 'fhis country is a r etort for
over thirty nationalities, which it is our task, our
duty, our privilege, to develop iryo a r ace such as
ha. lived nowher,e on earth before. .
·
But here in America immigration is not merely
due to the natural gravitation of peoples to the climes
aud countries where their economjc needs are most
en ily ati ficd. We have here a social phenomenon
h1
crimp n ccetrrred:--now here el:s
· tot y ,
i. e. stimula.~d im.migra.tion for the a.dvanta.ge of a
domina.nt class.
We have not only the immigrants who come here
of their own accord, because the conditions of their
home land were no longer bearabl e. W c have also t he
immigrant induced to leave th e land of his bir-th by
the e:ltaggerated descriptions and false promises of
the immigration agents- of big industry; we hav t he
contract laborer, smuggled in, despite all legislation
prohibiting his entrance.
Under usual circumStances the migration of races
leads to wars, to conquests, the natural r esult o.f one
race · infringing on th e territory of another. These
wars of conquest for bread through the intermingling
of races which they have caused, have been one of the
strongest factors of -evolution. '!'hey have resulted in
race amalgamation, in the crossing of st rain~, or, .as
Lester F. Ward phrases it, have resulted in a Social
chemistry creating new and higher 1.:aees.
In America the immigration of races does llot lead
to physical
,
'ndulrtri.at-wa: .
1""'"'....-the added difficulty that, instead of needing to mould
tw:o races into a harmonic social organiRm- tlle con#
�The Western Comrade
quering race and the conquered-we have more than
a score of different nationaJjties of varying derrrees
apart. To assimilate these into a smoothly working
organism would be a gigantic task under ordinary eire
'
cumstances. \Ve have a phenomenon that makes it a
Herculean task-the exploit;tion of.these racial differences by the ruling class to prevent the. organization
of the working class; the stimulatio_n of racial antagonisms that l•eep us away from other :vital problems;
- that ket-p us from seeing our true intere t .
The big powers of ·industry put forth every effort
to keep disorganizPd, disunited the numerous" peoples
that come to our shoes. They are pitted·; on~ again t
the other, in the industr·ial field, are-decoyed -he're by
fraud to lower· tiH· standard of living of their wo.r king
ill'otllers.
The StNd Trust employs as many nationalities in
its shops as possilllc- Gr·ceks, Italians; S]cilians, Irish,
Russians- so that an or·ganization may he prevented.
The same principle is followed out in mak.ing up railroad crews. Down in the mines of Missouri and· Kansas
it is almost impossible to sccur·c u~itcd action on the
part of th e minPrs because they are composed of antagonistic Nif•Ps. 'l'hPy ar·c Jr·ish, Italians, Greeks and
n rgrors. 'J'hr· J rishmnn hates the Italian; and r efuses
to worl\ with him ; the Italian hates the Greek, and
all rom hin e in hatin g the negro. Each race is alwavs
unrJprJ,idding th e other in the labor markct- " ·hich ·is
a firw vitr·iol to stimulate race antagonism.
A year ot· so ngo the con i min er·s of Freeport, Ill.,
wcr·e out on strike. 'l'hry 'were mostly foreigners, but
belon ged to the A. F. of h Agents of the ernp1oyers
went amoug the stril<crs and p ersuaded th em into
believing that the off~Ris of th e Federation were selling them out; succeeded in making them think that
the J\m ct·icans in the union were using them as decoys
to sec'ur·c their own interests. Th e agents aroused such
bitter feeling against the Americans and the A. F. of L.
officinls that there was danger of rioting.
Tlw owners of the big southem turpentine camps
send agents to the large cities of the North, especially
to New York to sccur·c recent immigrants to work in
the distilleri~s. 'rhe less the newcomers know of the
Engli h lan guage or of English customs the more welcome they arc as employes. 'l'hese men are asked t~
ign a ron tract interpreted to th em by the agent, as
they lli'C unabl e to r ead it for themselves and of
'· with
'
course, tlre intcr·pretation harmonizes very little
th artuality. When - once they r each the southern
•nmp they are herded together like cattle, r eceiving
the coar e t rations and the poore t lodgi.Dg, practically
a bad as that of the prisoners on the chain gangs.
into a p eacefully working nation, or an organized
'york.ing cla .
In the W t organiz.ation is hinder d by the impor:
tation of Oriental labor.
ince this importation is re tricted by law, the Oriental are muggled in.
The e immirrrant ~on titute the mo t difficult race
problem we have. The more imilar rae
are, the
easier it is for them to unite, and vice versa, the more
di imilar they are, th greater the antagoni m. The
Orientals differ more radically from all the other races
harbored here than any of them differ from ach Qther
-with the exception of the negro s, of cour e. For
this rea on, even if we did not have the problem of
getting them organized, we would still have a race
problem-one that seems almost hopeless.
o we see that Ea 't, \Y c. t, ot'th and outh we
ha\'e this immigration .problem.
Now, all this may sound ominpu , pes imisti , qut
it ne<ld not if we rccogni.ze what we should do regarding it. 1f we know how to usc it, we have in the United
States material to build an enligh!;ened race, a physically strong race, a r·ace with all the characteri tics to
carry it fo rward. W c ha,-e only to compare the nations
of the ·w orld to see that those composed of the most
nationalities ar·c the mo:st advanced in civilization.
Witness Gcr·many, England, Australia, ._ an.d America.
All these nations nr·c the result of the mingling of
mnny races. The Easter·n nations-China, Japan, India,
Korea u-nd 'furkr,v-which until recently have been
r ntirely secludrd from other races, are far behind in
the mar·ch of progres.. This is au example of a law of
Natur·c as true in society as in biology; namely, that
vnriation, fresh hlood, tends to increase the power of
Life. This is one fad that mal<:es our national condition very hopefu l. 'l'h ere is another -which makP.s
it still more hopefu l- the fact that a common interest
unites.
And they have a como u interest, these many, many
worl<ing men, a common economi·c interest. We must
\\·ork ceaselessly to mak e this score or more of nationalities aware of their common interest. We must make
every effort to organize them, to encourage them to
fight toget her.
\Ve must get the workers to act together, as they
did at Trinidad,'W est Virginia, Calumet and McKees
Hocl<s. Let them say to their employers, "You shall
not make us fight brother against brother. You shall
not dupe us and win dollars through our blindness.
\Y (' \\·ill no longer hr your cat 's paw."
Jn doing this we shall turn to our great advantage
the Yery thing that now threatens us with trouble. In
doing this we further the day when America will be
a peaceful nation; '~e further the indu~;~trial organization of the workers; we further Socialism. In doing
·
all have elimbed one-more of th~e steps of
the ages at the top of which stands a society com.
po ing onr kind. one class, one Humanity!
�Th e W estern ·C o m rade
an
G.E T.T I_NG OLGA'.S EYES
,
E. W o lfe
B y Fran k
m
"Got any plans to bring her tl~rough t" asked
Hampden, in the qui t of the deserted scenario room.
"Think I can make it in a day or two," said the
director. ''It will make a picture of mediocrity the
way it is running. If Trident will only come through
with. something I can go ahead. I kicked him a cable a
week ago. Shes got a story. I got her name, and a
doubtful line on location, and there it ended. She has
the eyes and every other quality. It's that numbness
that I can't overcome. I want he.r to give us her eyes
and the fire that is down there. If. Trident will fiJI in a
name and place 1 will make a greatl picture, and one that
will make her famous. 'rhis scene either makes or ruins
a superb sfory."
Now that the gong had commanded "Silence, lights
and camera," the assistant director moved quietly
around where be could watch his chief rather than the
scene.
The big, bare-armed director stood in an unusual
position. He was mounted on a table drawn near the
camera. His black, bushy head was three feet higher
than the instrument, and as far to the left. Anyone
in the scene could now stare directly at th.e fl}.ce of
the director without committing the awful breach of
looking at the camera.
Quickly the actors ran through their parts. The
scene depicted the r endezvous of the stranglers in the
"quarter" of Paris. At tables sat.a score of' Apaches.
Repeated rehearsals had made all performers perfect
in their parts. Timing was like clockwork. The dance
scene was a success, and the director had scarcely
spoken a word during t he action. It was "picture,"
and the dancers threw into th e action all -the wild
abandon of the characters they represented. The leads
worked down stage, and in the close foreground a
great hulk of a man t hrew a girl spinning far above
his head, allowing her to fall in the sawduct on the
floor. Then call]J! the fight. Down in the foreground
the hrawny villain drew a knife and stabbad a whitefa ced boy, who wore a black velvet jacket and cap.
The Apacl1es slunk away' and left the boy on the floor,
and his assailant standing over him. That formed the
setting when th e director 's Yoice rang 011t in sharp
command:
"Come on, Mi!is Orlov! (~uick, now; down stage!"
'fhcn th e directors voice chan ged to low tense tones:
''See what has happC1l ed here, Olga, ron are in Oilessa,
there is Ivan!"
The director .was down now, crouched near the
floor· in a line with the wounded boy.
P-!~~~~ ILENCE!"
shrieked a gong in tbe gloom
of the rafters aloft. The rain outside
pattered on the brown ~eaves that carpeted the little park , and the sound
mingled with the soft gutterb:ig of immense bl~e banks ·of the mercury · tubes
that swung low in a semi-circle o.v er
the "set!"
.
Voices were stilled along the row of ghastly ,masks
,,·ith purple lips and glistening eyes . that moved
si lently in the deep shadows back of the dead tine.
"·Li ghts!" roared a deep voice and two sharp
clangs from above where, followed by the subdued
c;r~Q and hiss of carbons as they met' an·d flamed, blue
and fi cey, then settled down to actinic points and
mingled theie infra-red rays with the ultra violet of
t he pale, soft mer curies.
''Camera!'' Three crashes of the ·brazen bell
brought a murmur of approval from the row of corpses
on tlte back line. The director leaned over, spoke in
a low tone to the man beside the instrument, touched
him on the-shoulder, then another sound,-soft and purring, steady and rhy-thmic, joined the hum of the l1;1mps
and th e patter of the rain. It was the shutter marking
~; ixtec n fram es to the second.
"It's time he run it. Four days we have stuck on
this bit. The big one must be going daft," said a man
who stood beside a great marble switchboard with its
myriad of pins, throw switches and dials.
"You heep your lamps up and you'll break a record.
Th e director knows what he is doing," snapped tjle
nervous head mechanic who was no less overwrought
than the electrician, who chafed under the delay that
held half a hundred players and scores of stage workers
in idleness.
Everyone connected with the big studio had wondered what had gone wrong with Marsden, the head
director, ·who had spent three days on one scene and
not run a foot of film. The oae least concerned in the
establishment was the young Russian woman, whom
the director· had chosen to play the lead in a f eature
pr·oduction . She had shown flashes of such marked
ability that the producer helieved she had great latent
talent and he had determined to bring it out. Her
act ion iu the part had 'p leased everybody but Marsden.
''Can't get her to r egister two emotions,'' was the
only comment Marsden made, and that confidentially to
hi as i tant, Charlie Hampden, the quiet and selfeffacing nian who had performed such miracles in trick
work and doubles.
;
�342
T h ·e 'wes t er n Co m r a d e
" Look, Olga, merciful God, it's Ivan! He's been
stabbed!"
At the utterance of the names the actr~ss stopped
and a look of surprise, then alarm, then horror came
into her wondrous dark eyes. , Long experience and..:
training failed ·her under the shock, and the girl stared
straight at the director, who• had fe~red this and had
crawled almost to the' foreground line n~ar the pros- ·
trate boy, just out of range of the camera lens. In
th e silenc e, broken only by the sputtering lamps and ·
the whir of the -shutter , th e girl ~tarted to look ~}round.
" Look at I van, Olga! Mother o( Christ, h~ 'IO dying!
Look, look! Your brother, Ivan." ,It w~s fir~t a sh:a p
command , th en awful pleading a:od infinite tenderness,
endin g almost in a sob. The w.omait turn'ed: her eyes
to the whi te fa c~ of the boy then sh_e s£arted:- shoc'ked.
(iui cldy she lmelt, put her han·d to his fo reh ~ad, t~rri.ed
his ghastly face towards her and gazed intently at
him . ~Fright show ed in eve ry gesture and every exP n·ssi on.
.
"Open Ivan 's jacJ,ct, Olga! See; there it .is! You
find th e lmifc wounrl. lt 's deep and deadly."
Th e woman shra nk ha ck with a scream · of horror
at the purple stain. on t he boy's breast as the blood' oozed
out at cvel'_y heart heat . Th e purp le stains were now
on her l ~a r.ds .
" See han 's fru:e, Olga! He is dy ing! . You can 't
Jet him go. Hold him to you; speak to Ivan, Olga!"
The girl was JJ OW fo ll owing evct·y suggestion. Her
wide eyes r cgiste r·ed every poignant expression. Her
hand:> rnee han i<:a ll y olwyed every order.
"Don't let h.im slip away, Olga, he is still you t· li.t- .
t ic comrade, he is your vaniu sha. Pray; Olga: 'Me rciful God; don 't take I van away from me no"~· I want
to take him back to toitia, to our home in Rostov'."
_;Marsden was back on th e table now and the girl
was staring at him, her eyes brimming with tears, her
lips moving in prayer. Back of the line women were•
sobbing aloud and men were slippin g silently away.
. 'rhe girl was kn eeling, sobbing and fondling the
boy's inert hands, whispering first then shrieking and
shaking. She spok e in th e Russian tongue. Her
wealth of tawny hair had fallen about her shoulders
and in· her angui sh sh e had torn her dress open at the
throat.
~
·
''Look behind ~· Olga! . '!'here's Borisoff! H e
stab bed I van !"
·
At th e name the girl started in alarm. H er fac e
showed wonderous change in her -emotions fl.S slowly
she turned and faced the man witlt the knife.
" Business, Manders; · don't lose your head!" said
th e director in a tense und ertone to th e actor who had
held~i s pose with slight action during the r emarkable
scene.
" Th er e s the assassin, Olga! H e betrayed Ivan and
th e ot her comrad es in R.ostov. H e sent I van to a
Siberian prison hell. Now he's stabbed b an. Curse
him, Qlga-no kill biip! Can~ you k~ll Borisoff ?"
. ''Work across; dow~ · stage a bit, ' Manders; make
her fac e forward,." said the director quietly. When the woman turn d 'her face front she r egistered such
rage and awful hatr~d that the spectators shuddered.
he flung herself at the man with such f erocity that
she almost. carried him off -his feet. Deftly he made
shift to drop· the knife and to kick it far off stage. He
grappled with th e woman and it took .his utmost
strength to hold h er in position and to work her face to
the frQnt.
. " Begi:o to stir, Rossi," said the director, and the
prostrate boy r aised his hand feebly toward his head.
" Look at IVan, Olga !1va·nr i van ! I van! He is ot
dead!" shouted the director.
The girl turn ~d her eyes tow~rd the youth. Slowly'
J •
she relai:ed her grip on the man's jhl·oat.
"Go to Ivan, quick, Ol.ga !--" 'Beat it, Manders!
Get off the scene qui ck, turn th ere, at th e door, slink;
now, out!"
.
Again the girl lm elt and the boy .turned his face
t ward her, opened bis eyes and smiled.
"1\liss Orlov, listen to me now. I have a cablegram
from your brother I van. H e is in London and is coming here."
'l'here wa a change in the tone and manner of the
director. H e spoke in a matter of fact, business way.
1'he girl looked up at him, her great limpid eyes filled
with wonderment, th en j oy, as the director selected
tl).e shorter of two cablegrams he had tak en from his
pocket and r ead : "Marsden, New York-Ivan Turgenef, brother Olga Orlov Turgenef, fo rmerly of Odessa,
escaped from Siberian prison month ago. Located him
in liondon. Am sending him to you on JmperatorTrident. ''
'l'he girl, still. kneeling holding t he boy 's head,
was looking steadily up toward the director, her face
r egistering gratitude, h er eyes beaming a transport of
joy. Then, as if awak ening, she raised her ha'itds toward the director and exclaimed: " Ob, you wonderful,
wonderful man! I know it is true 1 I know Ivan is coming. I want to thank you, to kiss you, to embrace you. ''
" Not me," said,..the director, drily. "Look at Rossi.
H e helped in this deal. H e is glad Ivan is coming, slip
him th e kiss.''
·
· The girl turned to the · smiling, purple lipped boy
and gave him a r apturous embrace:..
The camera purred steadily on until the director
touched th e operator on the arm . Marsden was stuffing cut plug into a venomous-looking pipe. He paused
to glance at the dial of the footage indicator on the
side of th e camer a and he almost smiled as the operator
'' Two hundred and t en feet !'' ''We will break the
length by two cut-backs," said Marsden.
�By EMANUEL J ULIUS
THE HUMAN TOUCH
and his philosophv-Socialism-will make producers
Count all the poets, the writers and the artists q'f of parasites.
•
.
all the centuries, from the dawn of civilization to the
The steam engine, the forge, the furnace, the ocean
middle of th e ninet eenth century, and the 'total \yill liner are all produced and operated by workers who
not equal th e imm ense number of · men and ·women ar.·e unconscious arti ts, for there is as much art in a
"·ho r eally can writ e, and who are writing, for our beautiful: machine as may be found in a , symphony.
age; and yrt, only a handful are doing ·work that is." 'l'hese machines inspire the singers, the painters and
real and Yital. It is estimated that fifteen thousand composers, and the result is that we are about to have
hooks are published in America each year; they · are a new- art-=-the art of factory, mill and mine. Of old,
well written, show culture and training and scholar- · the clank 'of armor inspired poets and musicians.
-.,hip-but still , they are not lasting. ·why is this so
Today, th e roar of the forge, the clatter of the f!actory
I believe t he answer is not difficult to find. Our regi- . and the hammers of the riveters inspire the artists.
rnents of writ ers arc not in touch with life, and that' is The greatest joy that life has to offer. is the ecstacy
"·hy thry lack the elear ring of r eality; they are in of creation. The great est joy that the old life had to
t oHeh with books, but th ey are not in touch with people. -offer was the delirium of destruction.
The gun has
Their philosophies come frol'n hooks that lalck. 'the been supplanted by the hammer.
h11man touch. Th e writer's life, as \Valter Bagelot
* * ie·
sa ~'S iu his "Liter::try Studies," is a vacuum. "He has
GOSSIP
11othin~ to hea r· and nothiu g to see. H e is out of the
What is more powerful than a man's wish to t ell a
"'''Y of ,.,nployin g his own eyes and cars," Mr. Bagehot friend, or the world, what l1e thinks, feels, observes Y
avers. Our writ ers must get into the open. Th ey must \Vhat is more overwhelming than a person's desire to
rub elbo" ·s with the engineer , the electrician ; they must express· himself ? It seem to me as though man's
1is ten to th e sighs of the factory girl and the cries· great est joy i~ life is found in talking-and the world's
of t.hc children: 1hey must hecld the call of man, the first artist was not a painter , a. sculptor, a poet or a
song of brotherhood. Art has had enough of culture; musician; he was a talker. So, we are all artists. Talk
it needs a social passion . Th e book man must make has taken different forms; and now, some talk with a
"·ay for tire strret man.
violin, others talk with a chisel, a brush, a printing John l\Taseficld expresses the thought in the follow- press. It is all talk, however; it is all expression; it is
ing lines:
th e common expression that is the bas~s of art; and
Others may sing of the win e and the wealth and the when yort bare it to its heart you come upon that
mirth,
living, breathing, talking thing-Democracy.
'L'hc portly presene ~ of · potentates goodly in girthSo, h ealthy gossip is th e basis of all art; art com~1ine be th e dirt and tli c dross, the dust and scum of mences in conversation ; talk is the mother Of poetry
tlie earth!
and literature; the artist is the gossip of the universe.
Theirs be the music, the color, the glory, the gold;
He tell~ us things, and he tries to say them beautifully;
:\Iine be a handful of ashes; a mouthful of mold.
his stories, his poems--all gossip. Gossip cannot live
Of the maimed, of the halt and the blind in th e rain without listeners. Place .the artist on a manless island
and the coldand his art becomes a mockery, it becomes nothing. H<'
Of these shall my songs be fashioned, my tales be told. must have · the people, someone to ta~k to. And he
must talke th e language that is understood. He may
* * *
THE NEW INSPIRATION
conceive beautiful sounds, make them t ell beautiful
Man creates, and in _..creating, he bu ilds character. .stories, but they cannot be art until the spectator
This drsire to create finds expression in all phases understands and feels with th e artist. 'fhat, to my
of life, except th e parasite dass that lives by appro- mind, is why the artist would rath er serve the people
priating what others have made. 'fhese parasites who than the exclusive, aristocratic ri ch. Th e Greeks placed
take what the mechanic has cr eated also take the songs their statues and things of beautY. -where the people
£-..t.l-H:-
I!Oill }')
:.h
Gi-t.l:lc6-al'..tjs.~;,....-:.~.JW~--Ilug:m;...s.eee.e.aa~nwdL-gg.luou:r~y:...JiLLlnwtuhue!.llmu_~TL.IIl;JCe...aaxriJtitSstus>..otlfL...Llto:>.cd:ua~y!W!wiUaunut_ _
liYe by a hsorhing. nut; their days are numbered, for
the worker is at last conscious of this mon~trosity ,
a similar audience; the aud'i ence can 11ever he too large : they want the world to see ani! hear their beauties.
�T .h e W _e st e r n Com rade
344
THE $40,000 SOCIALIST
r.~~~@~~J!!!!!!!!~ T is characteristic of the capjtalist press
~·that it shou'ld announce the winner of
the 1912 Nobel p eace pri;e and ~eglect
to announce the winner of the 1913 Nobel
peace prize, although both winners were
decided upon at the same time. It is riat.
• '
ural t hat one should not be ll!-entionetl. .
whcn that one happens to be a $ocialist.
Probably every Am erica!:!- school boy who ·has
passed the fifth or sixth grade knows that Elillu Root,
of whom mention is made editorially by another 'writ er·
in this magazine, was the . winner of a Nobel peace
prize. Probably most of them believe he was the
winner of the prize fo r 1913. It is highly probable
that not many of t hem know t hat Elihu Root was
given the 1912 award, and a still smaller lll.l.mber . are
aware of t he fact that the 1913 Nobel peace prize of
$40,000 was awarded about December 10 to Henri la
Fontaine, a Socialist member of t he Belgian senate.
The Western Comrade d.oes not care to say that
t he great newspapers of the United States and the
great press associations of the United States fail to
give t heir readers all of the vital news, or t hat they
distort news for the benefit of th e capitalist class. The
Western Comrade prefers to allow the facts to speak
for themselves. The facts are that today all America
knows that Elihu Root is the winner of the Nobel
p eace prize of $40,000, but it does not know that HE
won the prize for 1912, and that the winner for 1913
was a Socialist, a fact fully as important, if not
more so .
. For the following concise sketch of the $40,000
Socialist, Henri ]a Fontaine, The W estern Comrade is
indebted to The Independent:
"Henri la Fontaine, who r eceived the Nobel peace
prize of $40,000 for 1913, maintains the same mental
atti~ude to a king as to a workingman. He respects
not persons, but ideas. He is a Social Democrat. Since
1895 he has sat continuously in the Belgian senate with
only two years' intermission. ·with the exception of
Cremer , of England, he is the only r epresentative of
. the working classes to have received the Nobel prize,
although the organized labor parties are the most
per sistent and practical of peace advocates. La Fontaine's life has been a life of service. With an indomitable persistence he has espoused the cause of inter- .
nationalism. Were he a millionoir:e or a secretary of
state instead of a representative of the workingmen
he could hardly have done more for the progress of
internationalism than he has. Born April 22, 1854,
_ _at Brussels, I m Font~ine,
~g man,
began his career of doing good. In 1878 he became
secretary of a model technical school for girls. In
. ·,1 .
I"
1889 he .;became Secretary. of Social and Political
Studies, which prepared the way for .the revision of the
Belgian electoral law in 1903. ·In 1891 he joined the
Socialist party, and two years later founded La Justice.
ln this ·organ and Le Pcuple are to be found numerous
·articles from his pen. In 1894 he took part in founding
Brussels Uliivetsity, and was appointed its Professor of
Inter:aational Law.
"Perhaps 'his most marvelous undertaking was the
establishment of his model 'House of Documentation,'
founded in 1897, where at ·an almost inconceivable cost
of energy he shows how track can· be k ept of everything "that is now said anywhere in the world or has
ever been recorded. He has ever been one of the
world 's most active pacificists, attending atl international congresses of arbitration and peace. Novem- ~
ber of the Interparliamentary Union is more· influent-ial •
in its inner councils than he. And now that he is
president of the Berne P eace Bureau, he is the leader
of · the organized federated peace movement of the
wodd.
"In 1910 l\1r. La Fontaine, in co-operation with his
lifelong partner of p eace, Paul Otlet, founded the
union of International Associations, and during the
same year a world 's congress was held in which were
r epresented 132 international organizations. The cent ral committee of the union is now established in Brussels and is installed in a set of commodious quarters
provided by the Belgian Government. With Otlet and
Fried (the Nobel pr.izeman of 1911) he undertook the
editing, in 1908, of Annuaire de la Vie internationale,
and in 1912 of the p eriodical La Vie internationale. He
is the author of Code of International Arbitratino,
DocumeBtary History of International Arbitration,
Chronological History of Arbitration Since 1794
Down to 1900, Bibliography of Peace and Arbitration.
In The Inepeendent of December 21, 1905, a con-tributor thus sums up the man:
'' 'He is one of these bold intelligences which walk
about the world with open eyes. • • • He looks at
institutions in order to s~ where they · may be
improved ; he considers conditions in order to change
them. He is not to be changed by them. H e is always
going forward and upward.' "
FOOLISH CONTENTMENT
Sad will be the day for any man when he becomes
absolutely contented with the life he is living, with the
thoughts h e is thinking and deeqs he is doing-when
ther e is not forever beating at the -door of his soul some
great desire to d.o som ething larger w.hich...he.-kn.~Qhn,e..
was meant and made to do because he is a child of God.
- Phillips Brooks.
�The Western Co ril r a·d e
THE
345
A W A K E·N I N ·G
By ,E 1 e an or Wentworth ·
So it happen ed that the prophecy of the young
prisoner, that Aun ·would soon be home with her
mother, came to pass-which was good. But all that
followed was not good.
Ann oon di!'leovered that being free of the clutch es
of the law . ,;,as not being free of the condemnation
qf her acquaintances. Ev erywhere she turned she
r ceived r ebuffs. Instead of having a joyous homeP.!!!!!~~~~TTR ACTF.D by a slight commotion near
the entrance to the court rooni', Ann ·coming, it was as though she had entered a strange
~ lool\ed in that direction and saw her ' and hostile land. Girls giggled when she passed . or
~ mother there standing beside a faultlessly · maqe disparaging remarks. Boys, who had occasionl.Ci.~ dt·cssed young man, who was talking ally _escorted her to moving picture shors, were kept
earnestly with a lawyer. After a few studJOusly away. Grown-ups _frowned on her disapmom ents th e lawy er walked to .th e prose- pt·ovingly. 'l'he priest, to whom she was sent by her
cutor and co nfcl'!'cu with him in whispers, motlter, lect ured her severely. · Hepr<iach was ever in
ll'ho in turn co nferred with the judge. Th e judge her moth er· 's eyes. H er ht·others reproved her in very
lil'!'konc d to an official _and Ann's case was called. A,s cand id wot·ds. J<Jv en the cats of the neighborhood, who
had alwny JoYed kindly Ann, were estranged by her
she had pl codCll guilty on being r egistered, a lengthy
trial " ·as not necessary. She had but to await judg- absence and avoided her .
Th e people of her community held that she was in
Jncut.
J u a concise speech the judge mad e it known that, nred or repentan ce and hat·bored the hoary, pel'llicious
oll' ing 1o the youth and to th e for·mer good char·actcr fallacy that thet·e can be no r epentencc without shame.
and reliability of the defendant, vouch ed for by promi- So all w)t o came in contact with her attempted to
JJ<·nt. aml worthy citizens, she would be placed on jnflict her with a sense of shame. 'l'hey harassed her
subtlety, continually, mercilessly, until she began to
probation.
Comp letely dazed., Ann was tak en to an anteroom, feel ashamed in spite of herself.
"Half the time I think I'm right and the othe:r
\\·here her moth er .and the wcll.dt·cssed young man
half
I think they're right," she. said to herself, wearily.
<n,·aited her. Her mother immediately launched upon
"An'
there's never any end to the argument. -It just
a lavish and impetuous narration of the goodness of
goes
round
and round and round. I never know what
the young man, which he attempted smilingly to
I'm
going
to
think next.''
disavow.
.Had
it
not
been that the search for employment
It was half an hour before Ann gleaned from her
busied
her
during
the greater part of the day she
mother '11 excited words and from the occasional interhave
become
hopelessly morbid.
would
polations of the young man, that she owed her freedom
over
her
friendless state on an evening
Br.ooding
to the Catholic church. Although Ann had become
after
the
usual
fruitless
search for work in New York 's
lax in her devotions, her little mother had never
downtown
district,
she
was loathe to turn homeward.
wavered in regard to the smallest detail, and ·was conInstead,
she
drifted
aimlessly
about the city, thinking
sidered by her priest as one of the most pious members
of
the
time
she
had
laill"
in
prison
awaiting trial. She
of his flock. Therefore, when she came to him with
•
heard
again
all
the
tears
and
curses
which had conthe story of Ann's imprisonment, it did not require
tinu-ally
echoed
through
the
pla,ce;
saw
the prisoners'
very much pleading to obtain his promise to do the
faces
drawn
with
suffering;
listened
·
to the queer
utmost to secure her release. In the fulfillment of this
philosophy
of
the
miserable
creatures
who
hated the
promise, he proceeded to do some wire pulling. After
poverty from which they had revolted, and yet were ·
several excu rsions into the re_alms inhabited by pd~iti
ashamed of revolting. The memory of it nauseated her.
cians, he succeeded in interest-ing this young man, who
"If I could only start over," she thought. If I
was a member of ~n influential club, and was percou ld go where nobody knows me, and forget all about
sonally acquainted with New York's most prominent it! If I cou ld only go where people -hate being poor,
judges and lawyers; in fact, was a rising political boss. as I hat e it-and aren't ashamed of ha in · I"
a young man o
Presently she found herself. before the Twenty-third
Ann should be placed on street ferry. For fifte en minutes she stood on the
probation.
corner watching the crowds pouring into the ferry
(This is the second and concluding chapt.er of th.is powerful working-class fiction story, by Elea,;Gr Wentworth.
While it is the second chapter of the story, it is, however,
complete in itself, a point worth while to those ~ho h~ve
not been able to sec1,1re the preceding installmellt.)-Ttle
Editors.
• '
'Al
�The Wes i"ecn Comrade
building, forlornly wishin that someone would gi\·e
her a ,lance of friendly reco!!Dition.
And then a sdrange thin..,. oceurred. As she tood
thert~, discouraged, dusty and tired, longing for the
wannth of a littlt; kindliness, thw weight of dreary
realiti('fS slipped from her shoulders Jme a worn-out
mantlt~ and dazzling, enchanting possibilitieJ em·eloped her.
'J'hP- clumsy ferries became light-oared_fairy craft.<;,
plying across smooth waters to and from, the land
of golden opportunity. The hurrying crowds b.eeame
~~xultant pil 'rims. The millions of twinkling lights
on the opposite bank became the beckoning of siren
HpiritK. 'lhc horns of the ferry boats, the swi hinu of
the river, the faint rumble of distant trains; the mm·;
rnuring of the crowds became a paen proclaiming the
valitmt IJOpeH of tl1c sojourners.
ndcr the sp<·ll of the song, Ann forgot her discouragement a ud IH·1· weariness. A great hope throbbed in
her that somewh<' l'e the1·e across the dark w·a ter· 1!t e
least of lwr l1 i• rita gc! would be the confid ence of her
fellows.
Jn hr r· pu 1·se she- l1 ad a dollar and a few small
coins. l-i he speut a nid<el of t his hoard for· a fer ry
tidwt and emba r·lwd on hct· Yoyage.
When slw I'C'ac· he<l .Jt!rsry City, she invested f'ul'lher
in a t icket for · J'atl' r·so n, r crn emb cr·in g tl1at she had
heard it mcnliorwd as a g rc~ at mill tow11. She felt confi<lr•nt of fi ndiu g <·mploynl<•nt t hcr·c.
Ar-riying at Pat<·r·son ratiH•I' late, she spent the ui g ht
in th e railroad waiting roolll , and plann ccl f.o ,·c nturc
fot'lh as soon as th e daylight appcar·rd.
ln spite of t he fact that thr cout<·nts of · he1· purse
we re dangcr·ously diminishPd an d her sunouudin gs
so r·did , sh was cxccccl in gl,v happy. No ha rd bench or
srnol<y ait· ·ould l cs~w n h('r rcli<'f in havin g esca p ed th e
rno ·ki ng fiug ,. .of sham e whicl1 had dogged her· footst ps. No p •uuin.r·y difTi cult iPs co uld d et t·act from
her· joy in· again daring t o bclim·e t hat she had don e
110 \\Tong.
o pr·ospcct of hun gry days cou ld rob her
Of t lr
pl ra. IH' f' of r ega in ed self-respect.
t duyhr·enk sh slipped out into the llescrted,
unt id. st r'PP\s of Ht c city :he lta<l chost'n as her·
.1\l <•t•t·n, untl wa nd •r·ed amidst th e grimy, sullen buildin gs 11s .·il Pntly a. the morning shadows. Wh c•n she
hnd gorw n mil P or t\r o fr·orn the depot . ht> ra mc upon
a hllgt' :ilk utili tm·incr ogre-eyed with its hundreds
or soil('(l l-!111 .. window: at th e lowly house. about it.
:-;till \ I'PHtliug t•autiou. ly a. if a-wed by the morning
quid. sh<' rr·pp .. about the mon . tr·ou . 1r·u turc wonderiug if oru• of it.· lo m mio-ht upply h r with work.
llt•nl'i ug a lllllt'mur of Yoicc around the corner· of
tl11• lmihliug, sin• hnltt'tl . uddcn)y. In doing o. .·he
ft•ll l tH'k n ·lt'J ot· two :md 1r·od ht•aYily upon a board,
against the wall of tbe ho e, fearinu to think
bad thrust be elf ·i nto a man ppeared
l'in
deputy• star.
An what in thunder are you doin her tbi e .r l
in~ the mornin • he demanded.
Jo'in time of d
t
begin picketing . ••
This area m w lo t on Ann.
I m lookina for work she
1- l
" I say," aid the mnn who had fir· t npp ar l,
" ht>t·c's a littl e "'il'l wot a in't afraid of h in call ed
a scab. \ Vc '11 have to take good ca r of h t• and l'
t hat she gets a job."
Th eir talk about strikes and scab
vagu e p ictu res in Ann 's consciousn s.
l1 ad come into her expcl'ienee only t hrourrh th m dium
of a subsidi zed pres , leav in<> sca r·ccly any impr ion.
The only t hin g that wa s absolutely c·lear to h r wa
th e fact that they \r er·c pleased with h r for som
r eason, and that tlwy intend ed to see that sh • wa
given work. 'l'h crcfor·e, she felt no a nxiety in t heit·
pr·rseuee. She wai t (•d patiently on th e teps wit h th m
until an automolJil e a rTivecl, ·roweled -ivith 111 •n an 1
women, some of t he men co nspicuou ly arm I. 'l'his
mann er of Hl'ri val puzzl ed h er somc\vh at, but sh mad
rio pr·otest as she was led in sid e wit h the others.
Within the mill t he atmospher was temH~ with
anxi ety. Accustomed to th e or let· and precision of
th e ·tt<·pal·lm <'nt store, Ann was amazed at the chaotic
n1aun ~ r in whi ch thr work wa. car ried on. Th 'r was
a eo nshwt buzz of ron\'crsation . l n a haphazzard way
~ ir·ls ,,.<'1'<' t'PiliO\'I'd fi'OIIl one task to anotbct·.
Auto·;;,ohilt·s co ntinu ed to ...arTi\·c, and each rciuforc m. nt
,-auspd :r t·! Hlltl!<' in til(' plan of work. 'om op r·ators
wodH·d at a '"'~';d;:.nc•<·l;: srwed, whil • other·s r·cmain d
idle. .\nn stooc1 IJefor·c her loom for thrc -;quart r:; of
an hotu· await in~ instnrd ion~<. .\nd this confu1.1ion ·ontinUt•ll tht·oughout th e l'lltirc• d:ty.
l n the en•ning the automobiles app ~r
~gain ·
with theit· ar·med e.-corts. Ann dN·Iined to ride, as
he had JJO definite place to which she might go. The
for·eman met her r·e[usal n•ith a sllnJO' of the should rs.
there." l1c aid t'Onh·mptuously.
around here if you ~ct hit.··
�The Wester.n Comrade
he1111 ~<\1m steppe'd
the midsrt of pan& oni:
on:
eries &! aming rang em aJll ·des. Policemen and
plain-di!J bes me1111 were indise:rimimately beafin
dtt~ and the butts of re-vo,vers the heads 6\f men and
nmum wearing red badges, ·abeled • picket.,! who
were attempting to mount tbe ·steps of the mill.
Ann hastily made her way through the strngoling
mas. . She longed to know more about the ea~e of
thf• disturhance, but in vain she stood on the edge
the crowd and gazed around, her black ey
filled
with qtwstionings. No one paid he.e d to her sligh
figurf'. Ho she ·walked slowly away, the di turbanc
IH·•·om ing faint er and fainter in the distance a
of
pr·oeeNl ed.
Aft <' r a tim e s!Je stopped before a modest one-story
' t·otta " c. A IH:ut brick walk led to the veranda, up
whose posts a S(·ant·y-leaved rose vine straggled bravely.
Thr·ough the opc rr fro nt door came the deep contralto
".That 's . hat it come to now, ·and that ' h r
voit·t• of a woman l;roon in g to her babe the world-old' were out on strike.
,; 1ory of mot hf•r· loA·I'. S uch a sweet and soothing con' An' whether we ' vin or wbeth r w lo , w v
II'Hsl wa s this \·oite from the harsh clamor at the doors . alwa); got thi sati fa tion- that we had grit notv•h
of lht• mill th at ,\nn stood motionless at the ed~e of to fight!"
1 ht· w:dl<, t·lt :mn l'd hy its tenderness.
" Then, lilre me, ou hate b ~1g poor," aid . nn.
l't·t•se nt ly sli c notiet:tl t hat in one of the windows
"Hate it !" aid t he woman, .cornf ully.
ilfLt it!
\\';•s a pla•·anl ntlv el'tis ill g "H.ooms and Board," and
Don't it kill u 1"
:1~ thi s \\':ts ex :lf'tly \\'hat she was looking for, she ·
''An' you stand together again t it. '
11n li< ed to th e doo l' an l ]mocked.
" ·w c 're learning that," was the gdm r sp nse.
'l'li e \\'OillHn who appeared in answer to her sum- "Some day :we'll be strong· enough to make la"' insten.l
ltlu ns embodi ed all th e streugth and all the gentleness of br e ~tk law."
or id eal moth erhood. Out of her great liquid eyes,
''An' I can help in this strike 7' '
'' Of · course.
\\' hose dept li s wer·c enhanced by her dark skin, she
s111iled ut Ann. In her arms she held a stout, curly
She did. Within. twe.n ty-four hours h e had 1· •
hnif'cd yo un gster·, upon whose countenance her smile ceived her quota of bruises on the picket line and was
once more withi~ the clutches of th e law. Agai~1 , sh ·
\ras r efl ected.
" J 'd like to get a room," Ann began, hesitatingly, lay upon a cot, staring into the blaclm s of th night.
" hut I hav n 't nou gh money to pay for a whole week while the sounds of prison life surged over h r. But
•
in advnucc. I t hougl,1t maybe you 'd let me have one she was a different girl from the timid ereature wl1o
on t r·u s(. 1 work at the ~ill over there, and I can pay had spent her first night in the 'l.'oombs .. '!'h en sh bad
been torn between remorse and fear. Now .sh was
,\'Oll a't th e end of th week, when I get my wages!"
At th word , 'I work at the mill," all the gentle- . exultant. Then she bad been miserably, h Ipl ssly
alone. Now she had but to listen and she heard th o
IH'.'S di appea1·cd f rom the woman's manner. An angry
li r·p leap •d into her eye and her body became rigid beating pulses of a hundred comrades. H ere wcr no
t earsl no filthy curse , or erie~ of pain-only jubilant
\\'ith autaO'oui m.
'' You cab !'' she cried, her voice as harsh with shouts and courageous songs and taunts at the om ialB
hntl'ed a the voices of the combatants at the milL as new arrivals from the picket linea filled the jail
" You dirty cab! You come here when we're on strike to overflowing.
The oth er jail had been to her a dark vault, auf..
nntl take our bread away from us and from our chilfoeating
the lone and helpless rebels confin d within
d r-en, and th n you want to come into our homes 'on
·
it
wall
,
while this jail was the birthplace of a migl1ty ,.
t r·u t.' Get out of my i"ht befor_e I bit you, you
courage-the
savior of an aspiring bumanit.y.
1•nward) you curl "
h~ menaced Ann with her fl'ee arm, but Ann did
BE REVOLUTIONARY! If you know all the l1ell
n,)t moYc away.
neon ciou of any wrong intent, he
tllat
capitalism bas produced you cannot help but be
did not hrink from the woman anger.
voJutiona
if on have an manhood in
. ure that you have materials on hand worthy
true
dQn~ wrong, I didn t know it. I ju t came here, and I
architect of a better world philo oplly. To be a r •othm 't ku w 'l'hat th• trike, about. If you 'U tell 1ne lutionist is more than to be a destroyer.
�The Western Comrade
'l48
THE GREAT AIM OF ''OUR'' Coutinning, it says, "How, then, can[ \\'e are told by these bluff artists
the Socialist honestly champion the that we · need ·lower tariff; that we
SOCIALISM
war of class against class Y"
need commission· form of goverRo long as Metropolitan· seemed I ment ; that w e ·need the regulation
to
fearlessly advocating Socialism of eor·porations, regulation of trusts;
this maga'Zine took a keen delight in that we n eed tlre income tax, and
tlte p erformance. Socialists all ovet· that \\'(' n eed currency reform. We
tlw nation \\·ere delighted, of course. gl•t all thesr things, and we are just
But the Sqc·ialist movement will not whei'C w e wer e before. One hundred
!'<'cognize as :·a So<;ialist publicat.ion people in this great nation have an
one that is so w~ak-knced as this inr-omr of *1 ,GOO,OOO a year, and
Th e above scntenf·e is quoted from .Ja.n11ary· editoria 1 shows i\fetropoli- :n ,815,000 ha Ye an average annual
· 1 111
· tlw •J anuary· n Ulnbcr
tan ta be- that is, if -the· Western I im·om e of $601 . And there it sticks,
an e d 1.tona
.
.
.
I
Comrade
ha . any itl ea of what So- iJJ spite of all manner of tariff tinkof Metropolitan marrazme an<1 con- , . . · .
.
.
.
.
'"'
:
. .
r·~r!lJsnt IS.
,
rr·111g-, r·ur·r·Plll'Y . legislation, r egulastJtut~s about as ~nc a lJit of SJClcl-:o th e c~m;" ";a~· is uothing b~1t _th e tio tJ. aiH~ taxatio11-with the cl:ances
ste~r)lng us one olt~:n sees. ::\Iet.ro- , h.anll_er of th<' ·Ignorant Roc1altst! J <~II Ill . faro1· of th e 100 gettmg a
pol1tan should be· quH·k ahout havmg So, Indeed! Karl :Mm·x, what an 1 fattt·r 111r·omc than ever. 1
its pal'ti cubtl' brand of So~: ialism ignor~mus you rea!ly :ve r e ! Cia~~ I Tlt r· ~itnpiP fact' is that as long as
patente<l hel'o r c Kirhy and l'ost an<l " ·at·, md ecd_. Not.1nng ll1 th e world ~ t Itt· doJttinant econ<!mic ppwer is also
.
. J hut tlw l'H\'ln gs of· tlt r rough m:el<s! . !Itt' rlotninunt political power that
1t IS
GCIH'J'a l 0 ti.S ~Ct 110 1u_, 0 f Jt.
.
,
.
'
· \\ lt _v , tlte r·lass 'ra1· dot:sn t ex 1st any 1 ]HJ\\'1'1' \\'ill l,!f't a way with the goods .
.
.
.JUSt about th e ln·anrl of ll)nocuous liiOl't' thcut tlw Hocl· v ·: nountains or·
..
·
·
·
.
.
' .
'·
·
'
\ \ tsr.:o nsm and Cahforma have as
.
huncomhr that tlwy mtgltt easily tilt• Gull' of \J't•xic·u-at
.
least
it
.
.
1
1
1
1
· ·
·
· '
g-ou< l'a i t'OH( ro mmiSSIOns as ever
"The great aim, therefore, of our
Socialism is not merely to pass laws;
not to destroy the business of the
country; not to array labor against
capital In civil war, but to create a
feeling and a desire on the part of
the prosperous to share that prosperity with the poor and the needy."
be
I
I
T
i
PXploit for the sn1<P of r·irl'ulation hadn _' t· ~ugh t to, :\[etropolitau seems I an_,. stat<· " ·ill get.. Wisconsin has
anrl advr ·rtisin g .
to tlnnk
had its r·otnmission for years. And
i\T<'lropo litan '"'galt sottto· ntontlts
\\'~· slt :JI I " ·at·l 'h wi~h IIJUt:h inter- I \\'ag"t' s l:tl'"f'.'' is as tightly fastened
·1 ·tsnt. Jt·. .,~.· e"JJJL,·· ''' 1 . 101' lttt\lt.·e ".·o_hhlmg.s of 'Mctr_·.o- 1
1in tlt c sa<llllc i.n. Wiscons1'n as ever
ago to ar I I'OI.'atc .S oe "'
polltnn. l\Jr ,un\ llllf', " r note wtth i it 11·ns nndr·r th e rottenest rule of
110 w to hare df'gell<'t'H1.t•d to a point
· 1 I' 1·
1 f'
J
1
lttJ_xr:l "<' rng-s t te ad t 1_nt t tc very tit•· most ann·icious of the timber
wh e r e it advoea1<'s sonwthin!.( whi<·h hl'lllrml1 and 11·orth-wlt1 le d epart- thie n·s. Cali fo rnia is but the second
passr.s as "Our" Socialisllt . a nd dor~s lll t·nt on ~_oc ialism wl~i ch has been t· hapt<'l' of th e same story.
.
. k'
( ' .t 1.
'lot llul·t th e allvertis ing business t·ondtH"trd 111 1\l o•h·opohtan by Algera r)} a 1Sil1 gets Its plc lll"'S as
·
.
·
·
_ 11011 I r.o r• 1;, ll11SSlll" fo1· t he first t11ne
.
. .
<>
A llltl c fu1·thPr along m Its r emarl,- .
o
.
ha11drh· und• ·r· commJsslon . govern.
.
.
.
,,.
l
lt·otn
th•·
sa!
II
P
number
of
th
e
macra~
·
.·
1 J>~e!.J·opo 1ttan says: J .
1
ahlr· cutm·w
. .
"'
IIJ t•llttnt·nt as und er any other kind
' "1'1
t t
' II 1 t
. 1·, I Z lllf' tiJ<Jt liPspraks fo1· Jtsclf t.h e
.
.
'
l l' r.1cx
s cp "''
JC
o rr·a 1ze
.
and tt 1nll ho lt] down the front door.
.
,
a
d
l'or·;H·v
of
a
mm·r
subduct!
sort
of
·
.
.
1 t 11c , . . ·
that t ' 1e on l y way to IH ea'
•
sto·p as so ltdlv nud er low tar1ff and
. .
.
.
t
tt'
ll Scwtahstn
·
VH: IOUS CH'C 1C IS ~0 S Op pu . mg a
.
.
,
rl'fOI'Illt'U ('\Jl'I'PllPY as it did of yore.
1
th e burden of lri g her wages on th e
Ld liS s~op ~''!r~ ~ hcrP, l est :'·c find
We han got to quit being led
consumer, a nd to let ca pital for·ego ot~rsdvr s lmpr·o\'I~Jng ~ refr~m that
around al'ter· pots of gold at the
s01i1 c of its r eward. That means self- ll!Jght run sometlnng hk e tins:
end of rainhO\\'S. The only way out
sacrifi ce on the plll-t of th e rich and
'' Oh, lrh r. r r l S our wand el·in g
for liS is to tak e th e system by the
':\ fag ' tonigh t ?"
JH'ospcrous. ''
sPat
of th e rwt·k, OJ' wherever it is
And that " ·onhl nevc1· rlo at all.
l\l ctropolita u seems to have in
that ,vou -take a system when you
mind some plum pudding sort of
\rant to r·huck it, and we've simply
Socialism that the ri ch and powerful
WE WANT REVOLUTION
g-ot t o th1·ow th e whole thing bodily
arc going to gmciously hand down
int o th e discard.
'l'h c Am crica11 peopl e scc1n to lil\P
to the hard working wops of the
A handful of Socialists in the \~liswodd, with the sangfroid of a Ches- tht• ga,m e of hluff. 'l'h ey stanrl for it
r·onsin IPgislntnr·e have done more
t er·fi cld on a slipper/ballroom floor. so pati ently.
H doPsn 't mattct· wh eth er the fo r· th <· \\'prkin g class in five years '
'Metropolitan deplores all of this
r· lass stru ggle agitation. "The class bluffin g is rlon e by serious p ersons, than I'Cj.!U! ntion will ever do. One
war is today th e banner of the igno- \\'h o !'Cally beli eve they af'c saving lon e Sof·ialist ·in th e California Legrant Socialist, who is not a Socialist th e peoph•, or 'rheth er it is done by i,;latnJ'P did n1orc for the working
at all, JUSt as It 1s · t 1e weapon o
JIU
ype.
IS
ng ,. ass ns ~·
t he anti-Racialist,'' announces Met- j ust th e same, so far as it
the ,. <'l'l' l' tlo . H rfol'm is not what we
ropolitan in this wonderful editorial. common people anything.
1ra nt. WE WANT REVOLUTION!
L
_
.,
I
'
.
. .. 'I
. .. .
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I
�The Wes-tern Comr de
THE - I
IGR
-Photo by Courtesy of the California Outlook.
By Frederick J. Haskin
I am t h immigrant.
til dawn of Cl'eatiou my re~t l e .
n w path a ro th earth.
fy un a y bark ha to ed on all ea .
in
b«:'nt
Iii
1
My wand rlu t walt born of the craving for more
a b tter waae for the weat of my face.
toward th
nited tat \\ith ey kindled
and heart quickened with a
1 ha w• should1'r1•d my hurd en as the American man.:
ol'-<tll-worl<.
,
I mah ha lf of the great American problem.
And yet, J am the gr at American problem.
\\'h en I pour out my blood on your altar of labor,
and lay down my life as a sacrifice to your god of
toil men make no more comment than at the fa11 of
'
a .·parrow.
But my brawn is woven into the .warp and woof.
of the fabric of your national being.
~~~~-o~~~------------~------------~~~~~~~~wm~~~~n,nvo,~rarur---1 appro
with r eat xpeetation.
I enter d in with- fine hope.
�The
West~rn
Comrade
In Blac-k and .White
.
'
gestion. · Have an electric button attached to the
KINDA PUZZLIN'
Y heck, Sf'Pms to me I '-rri somewhat mi:xed in _m y bottle which will work automatically as oon as
figgcrs. r reckon I've got the wrong end of touched by human hands. This button will s~t a
things, scr!ms to me. I recollect how the ., Daily battery in action, transmitting power over an eleeTrumpet told us that .the Standard OiL Jrad been trie wire connected with police headquarters, where
disso! vcd, and that the Tobacco-Trust was .put out : a sergeant \\Till have charge of the tablet department.
of business. Yes, sir·, clear as a cow comin' .home. . He will be in touch with Hery ·bottle of tablets in
And the ·Telephone '!'rust was put on the blink for the city limits, and will know the exact whereabouts
all tim(!. I ain't sure who done it. Think it wasn't of the bottle by a number, automaticallt registered
th(~ sher·iff who done it. l\Iust've been the Supreme by the electric current . . He then presses a button
Hrmnl or· some such official. But, the Standard· Oil and returns a volt of electricity .to the bottle, shockis still oilin ' and th e Tobacco Trust is still tl'Ustin'
ing the stupidity out of the person and saving his
1\ inda puzzlin ', tlris whole gosh dinged busin~ss 1s: life. I think this will work to the satisfaction of
hy hr<·k: l\inda pnzzlm '.--E. .J.
all, except the nndertakers.--E. J.
B
BATTLESHIP INSANITY
RIDING ON CIGARS
T
ALKI:\fi to an Arner·i ean recently, President
I fn<·r·t a sn id: "W hat l\ind of a government
ha\'(• yo u in N(•w York " T sec you r Govcmor is
inlpr•;H·lrPd f'or pc·r·jnry an<l larceny. 'J'hry tell me
,vo m· poli<·<: offi •·r> rs str·al and murder citizens on the
streets. \\' hat do yo u r:onw down hrrc fo .r , anyho\\· ,
to pn•ac:lr to II >' ahout. c:lcan go\'<:nrment ?'-'
Ar1d that 11·asn 't a 11, C'it h~r. The l\T cxican added
t hnt hr otwc rod e fr·ont E l Paso, Tex .. to St. Louis.
l\To., :mel was not foreed to pay far(', giving the condnetor·s c: ig-m·s !n lirn of c11sh. I did t he same thing
mysdf' O JI<'(' , hnt ] tli<'ln 't give my cigars to con <liJI'!or·s. I gaw thrm to hnrk r men.- E . .J.
.DR. ROBINSON 'S SUGGESTION
D H.rchtor of l he Cl'ltlC and Gmde, 1s i11tcr·esting
much con:wi.LLT~~I J. _J~ORTNSON:. th :
C'erned OY('I' th e number .of deaths resultin(J' fr·om
hi chlo_ridc of mcrcm·y tablets, taken by a:cident,
and giVes a numb er of suggestions, the most enli(J'htcning of which is this: Have the manufactu;crs
pla ce a littl e hell around the neck of the bottle. So
says Dr·. Robinson, but J J>elieve I have a better suO'-
"'
a billion and a half of dollars in bond
A BOUT
issues ar·e r('qnired today by the world's great
·nations, say Wall stre('t r eports. Russia heads t he
list and Ar·gentina hr·ings up t he end of t he lin e.
Ahont two-thirds of the iunount will go for bnttl ships. And within t('n y('ar·s all of t hose ships will
he ohsolete.
)franwhilc• thr slnm districts in \\rashington
New York , Chicago, St. J.Jonis and all of the rest
or thl' hig citi es arc pursuing their starvation tenor
of ?Ore, millions are without work, and under<·onsmuption is manifest C\'(' r·ywher e. The same condition, with variations of form and degree, exists in
every great nation. Desp <:> ration and death stalk on
eYrry hand.
Of coursr, it is wr·y important that we should
hav e pl enty of nice, ne"- battleships and plenty of
hig guns and hig shellS ahoard them, for one never
c·a~1 tell when it ma~- be necessary to go to war, really.
nut, if ever thos(' battleships· go into action who
will be shot 1
'
Oh, mostly the same kind of men that built them
and ~um them, and the same kind of men that go
starvmf! throug-h th(' length and breadth of all the
lands. Funny lhing, civil ization, isn't itT-C~ M. W.
as
�The Western Comrade
eLe
n.ge
A Labor paper that
1JI:nvn, a l-abor paper that alway
~m-t~
0~~
ahead
I
Cdize
never baeks
THE ,'TRAlGHT
..- U(),\ 1J!
'rJ11: Citiz~?D
WHAT THEY ABE SAYilfG
ABOlJT tJS
I
hope tha th ma
become the m
'a)'
"The lru number of Tbe W
<'omrade sttre)y ·
ern
a humdinger. 'I 'i.,.<rOron~
~ known from Coru t
to CoaNt aff the b''8t trade union parwr tfte nation has. The Citizen a eopy to each of onr Congre . en
l!rinf!N to you each w '!(•k an a\·erage from California. with· Harold E~er- ten
of uwre than 12 page8 of news and hart'· article "The itnation in th '}>nhlieati n.
iuffpiration and education concern- ~lc>xieo. ' '-T. T. Gr~ · , county
; ,~ org:miu:cl Jahor.
tary. Janes\'ille, Cal.
t>ditor of the
alifornia
Edited by STANLEY B. WILSON
'I' Ill• C'it i;wn iK edited by Stanley B.
\\'ilHon, om· of the nation' Big Men a
of
or La hor! H is editorials are as
wid1·ly c·opi •d all O\'er the country as
n cce
Hl'l! the ·clitol'ials of any other Labor show its wor~h iness it is only nec~s1i~tht£·r· (()(Jay. '£h at is the sure test sary to m entiOn the names compris.. r quality. Oth ers Jmo\v that what]ing its corps of writers. "-Thc
' I can hardly find word to cJ
\\' i h~or1 w r·it c•s is TilE HEAL ' \Yorld I ssue Santa Cruz Cal.
pre s my appreciation forTh W f .
'I'll I t\ (l ! 'l'h l'rl: 's au inspiration and
'_._ _
'
<'J'n Comr ade. It is the be t ocialis1
11 '"'I'll lith of v ii!\\' iu the writings of
·
"
I
t
·
b
st
·
and
I
magazine in America. "-Phillip JT.
!!lis JIIIHI w• ldolil fonnd m th e work
JS our e magazme,
ul' ••ditoria l \niii' I'>L ln no.othcl' p a .. shouldn 't want to miss an issue. "\ ston , 548 Haight, Alameda, nl.
f"'l' r·:111 yo u g'" l th e WJ fA:;QN EDI. 1 - ,\]ida 1\f. Snow, Los Angeles.
'J'OJ< IA LS! Sllhsl· l·ii Hl to'l'hcCitizcn
___
.
]'
l••d11 y!
I
. l ln a l ettcrtoEmamtlJuhus, "
Th e 'itizcn wi ll t·OIIll' to yo u for a
Tn a letter to Chester M. Wng ht, l'arm P ettipiccc, editor of '!'he B r·itwllol !l yt•a r·-G2 hi g- issues-for on e Fra nk E . Wolfe writes as follows ish Columbia Fedcrationist, say.· :
d(l ll nr. \\'r·ap. u. f,ill ,i n a s heet of l'rorn New York: " I just r eceived " I wi. h to assure y ou that I am f 1p:ifH·'I'· a nd mml
that
you and Eman
1 ·
1 1 · tl1c olf' rt. (,l't 1a mon
1 ey
1 orI t I hr. infor·mation
, I•·1· rl you Jll'f' t'l', 111· sP ill a f• rPc c
. <
, ' 1_
"' :you very c ose y. In.
• , • • O \Ylll"'
11 11 ~ Ot •s. Bl !'l' ])() JT NO W! Th e w _l .Julms have ta,en over · lh el unlllsofyoul'papc t·, wlnchJsalways
( 'it izt·lr , 1'. 0 . Bo x 1:l!i, L os Ang~l cs, \\ <'St<'l' n Comrad e. I am glad to looked fo rwat·d to on our exc han ge
( 'n l.
hr·nr· this, and shall be d eli g hted to tabl e."
li nd ~om c way to assist you .'' "-
IN EXPLANATION
.J. E. 8nyd.c1·, writing in 'l'hc Interl>nYill Fulton Karsner , of Phila- 1110 un1.ain ·w o 1·l,cr , Salt Lake City,
<l clphin , Pn., writes to Em anuel ('lah , says: "I have heen visiting
.Julius as follows: " I am g lad to quite a hig with th e cd itor·s o( 'J'h o
hear· t hat you h ave t he magazin e. •I \\' ester·n Comrad e, that is the n w
have str onger hopes than eYe l' fo r ,. 1Jitors -Emanucl .Tnlius and Chcst<·r·
that vir·ile publication of t he r evolu- :\f . \Vri g ht . 'l'h ey arc both you ng
lion. You a nd Chester \ Vright arc frnd. full of their subject, and I hcjuf;t the m en to cn ginect· the propo- Ji r n
arc t horoughly capable of
~i1iou . Y on 'II g et a long! Ther e's h l·t•atlri ng th e s pirit of t h e W<~st.
not 1lrl' ·I ighl t•st d oubt of it. I want 'I' he \Vest n eeds ~good, live. magat o 11'11 you that· 1 lra\'c l1 eard many zinc•. One that 1s up to h tera.o·y
g-ood things aid about Th e \\'estern ! stand a rds and at tlw same time r~ar·
<'omrHd c h,v p eopl e in the Ea. t. :\lay ri<·s t 111• r evolutionary propaganJa. nK
,'ll<'l'<'. : and the • 'oeial R eYolution 1hr· Ill a in fpatu re. 'l'Jw Gthcr magaA NOTE
1'1'0 \\' ll tlw effort
of it ed itor. . I zinPs print , 'ocialis•,J, but come out
w
ill
do
nil
in
my
little
way to aid the for tiH· ''ther pa rti<•-1. 'Vhat we want
By Will L . Pollard
ehiltl.
of
your
dr·<>am
.
.
i.· a rnagazine that priotr; Socia1i11111
II i).!hl'l' th~' lllll:';i ns •('ud ·,
.\ nd. Ht•l\\'~'11 it. If I t•nd down
and tlwn is <·onsistent enough to
~TN•tiu~ the tnu hnlf-wny.
In part. th1•
ay :t::n<l for the par.y that can malu·
'l'hn, i. tiP p et' oul
th<> followin.,.: ' Juliu and \Yright it 1·omc true. 'fhc• ~ditors are going
''"t
•n-Htts~
• '" .
rtan-1to->miaTJ~tmni!rag:a:ziiire~'fb;cyjrru-s-m...-.mt--ntrr--Hr!lit'-wrltm'llrarmt-Filled with the bt>.t of the world.
great plan. that they intend to l u<·hat<-r ·. makin, the editorial page
m•lwtl with lw "· t•nee of od. t·nrry to llf'CC . The new editors l,ri:tle with up-to-date enmbl."
took
nrt' l' Til t·
th ey
l'n llltd t lr Plll S •lv . swumpccl in such
I! llli!S~
f: wot'l;: thul it \\'ll S impossilo]p to p~th l i s h t h Jnnuar·. number
n1 rywh r· • u en r· 0 11 1illl c. ·'l'hrre fo 1·c,
it w11 . dPri1lNl to climinat ' th e .Jnu11111'.' ' nutn hi' I' r nt ir·cl) , which has
ht·t• ll doll!'.
S uhsc t·ibe1· who arc
pnitl in :td\'niH't' w ill h credit d with
n11 ndditionnl month , ,o that nil will
l.,.,.,.j,·p nil till' is'n t o which th<'y
.ri'P ent itled .
\\'lrt•n
JII'C','L' Il1 own ers
\\. •st. I' ll Conlt'fldc
1ir <'
I
-·an
•r
l"a'·<'
�352
The Western Comrade
THE WESTERN COMRADE !
A Constructive Socialist Magazine
TINKERING WITH " PANIC
I,
CURES"
' Published Monthly
f
-----'...:...:.;.____;~:.__-=::;_..:=-=== J anything further wet·.
Chester M. Wright and Emanuel Julius, to d emon. trate the failure
Owners and Editors
c:ap;ta)i, m ystem to provide
Z03 New High Street, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
p:·ople '~e J.laYe it in th
Subscription ·Price One Dollar -~- Year
"~du
trial d pre ion."
l;t thi I)r t> nt. panic w
need •d
of the
for the
pr ut
at·e
ha,·.
Associate Editors
ing
a
ne,r-to
.
mo
t
·
people-ph
a e
Eleanor Wentworth
Stanley B. Wilson
Fred C. Wheeler
Rob Wagner
of th e sy. t ern .hrouabt into promiCharles "tracy
n e n c:_e. '!'hat :riew phase i the inVol. 1
February, 1914
No. 10. ithi.!ity of present gov:ernment to ee
. that tJ1 e p eople, for whom · govern·
mPnt e~x i t , get. the means with
whic·IGto su tain· lif.
. ..
, . ~
IIc·N•tofot·e there lta ' not heen
Now 7G c· Pnt s a vPa r· t 0 Soc·mhst
. . .
· ,,
11ar·ty lliC'IIIIIf•r·s! ()rw dollar a yPar· l "rudr o[ 1nlhngne s on th.e part o_f
to 11011 _ 111 c~ m1H· rs. 'l'hP hPst S<ll' ialist g-OI' c•rnnwut to e 1·en admit that It
parwt· \\'(' ha ve.
O\\'('U any duty ·toward' those who
_Th e Noc~ial- I>Pnroc·r·aL is a paper ! ..;ou g ht wor-·k hut · could not find it.
ll'rth a
wallop - a · JHIJl<'l' tha t Th (• J 'c~ is at prt•se n t ho\YCI'er· at
Hl f i ),~)S! ~t ·s:just t! 11 ' . 80 _rt ofl'on- !c•:rs t in Calil'omia ~ rat·h c r '~ ide
s tr·udll'c•, hghtr11g Soc·whst papct•
. .
•
. .
·
that t )If ~ c·cHJStl'lll't ivc• IIIOI'I'Illi'IJ1 of' ..;preml adllllSSIOil that I,t IS th e Juty
th(' grc!at \\'(•st II N ·ds.
or thl' g'O \' l'J'illllf'nt to see that thet·e
--~=
The California
Social_ Democ rat
:-\p(<'{·ial :u·tic·lc>s on t imc·ly tmhjc•ds
c•:wh ll' c•c>l< nrakc! t h e• Social - DPIIIOc· r·at
a paper Joo J((•d for· II' it h c•agc•J'IICSS
''·" c•,·c·r·y suhsc·rilH·r·. Editor·ials that
drivc• to t hi' point ~ti,· c· I hf' JHIJWI' a
fig-hting- tOIIC' tJrat is a· j o_v to the•
hc'IIJ'( of' t Jw \'c•t l' I'Hn S and 1111 i nspintt ion to th1• tH!W·(·ornc·r·s.
A spl ! c~ ial dt' Jllll'tllll'llt hy . ('hl's t e r
:'11. \\' r·ig-h t , th•• "ditor, is OJH' of the
Sllappy fpat lll'l'S or till ~ Soc·ia 1- Dl'IIIO•·r·at. In this departrn!'rlt thc• lrig- doing-fi of' thc• 11'01'1<1 pass in 1'1' \' it• \\' c•aeh
1\'t!ol<. 'l'hen· 's 11 f->pit·y slanr -lrang to
t h i!-1 dl•pat·tmt•nt that you'll appr·c·l'ill u~.
is no rnisPI'.V du e to
Los An gl' lc>s has
oi' all l'f"for·t to fi11d
11-ork t o tho<>!' 11-ho
lac k of work.
mad e SOliJPth;ug
a \I'll,\' to SUpply
\\'ant work hut
DROP THAT BOMB!
end him instead a subscription to
'fHE :MA: E . Jt•will do mure damage! ·
D<: truetive.
Entertainin .
Impudent.
Important. A radical monthly for every.
bod)' . Ten en a copy. One dollar a
year. The Ma es Publi bing Company.
91 Gr enwicb avenue, New York. . Y.
"It's ln the Mountain "
.TH E COLORADO WO RKE R
Owned and controlled by the membership
of the · ocialist Party of Colorado; 60c
a year, 35c 6 months. 850 Kalamath St.,
Denver, Colo.
A WOR L:D REVIEW OF SOCIALIS M
By the best writers in Europe and
America will be found in the NEW
REVIEW, ·which deals in an authorltative way with all phases of Socialismnot for agitation. but educatiol).. $1 per ·•,
year. 50c six months. Sample copy, lOc.
The NEW REVIEW, 150 Nassau I treet,
ew York.
TH E . INTER MOUNTAIN WOR KE R
Publish ed we<.:!kly. Murray · E. King,
editor. One dollar per year In adavnce.
Addt•ess communications to room 234
Moose Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
TH E PART Y BUILDER
Is the official National bulletin of the
Soci!l.list Party. Published weekly. fiOc
per year, 25c for 40 weeks. Address
Socialist Party, 111 North Market street,
Chica go, Ill. · ·
SubFcribe for a n ;al Socialist paper
<'HIIIl Ot find it. ()f ('0\li'SI' , llliJ(•h of .
tl ! is Hl'f i l' it .l ' is t'illlsl'd IJy . ( h e . fact
T HE B. C. FEDERAT IONIST
tha t th• · ~wialist l)lll't).' has lwen
Finest lal)or paper in Canada. R. Parm
,·,·ry insi;;ft·Jrt , 1111d that tht•r·•· has Pettipiece, managing editor. Address
IH·•·rr :r· ~o 1·ia lisl in lh f' eity eouneil. Labor T e mple, Vancouver, B. C.
Hrrt .tiH· ()IJ(' !'ad that has stuocl out
throug-h it iill is that the muni eipafl Written ~~;~;d ~~~~:f~~~ests of the
'!'OI' •· :-tllll!'llt is ~OT F l 'l" l'ED TO working class. Good stories and stirring
'Ill \T 1'1 ' 1\1'0:-\E. flol·t·r·nmeut, as trti cles on the great questions of th e day.
Some of the brightest minds in th e So\\' 1' ha ,.,, had it , II' as not Ot' l' i~eJ nor· cia list mo vement are contributors.
Fifty
" Great," Is What. T hey All Say! ; 1;t<•rHit•d to g-il'l' th e 11-o rkilll! <·lass cents a year. Clubs of four, $1.00. Address Dora NeiEon, Editor, 63 Fort street,
1
( 'outr·ndPs who hnow llt'\r~pape~·s, ·r11 opport1111ity to \\' Ork H has h<'l'll Springfield, Mass.
c·ourr·;!dc!s who . k now t Ill• S<~t·~alr~t ' , 0 busily 1-ng-ag-c•d in spn·iug- · th 1• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IIIO'_'t'.lll<'ll1. llt~d ~ts lll'Pds, all .JO in 111 •1111 st•·r· c· ln :-;s that it has for·gott••n tlr<· H OW DID BUTTE WIN IN
I>J'II tstng the f;oela i-D<•nroc·ral. Am o ng
·
1911?
those who testify to t ht• hig-h quality ··;cl! king- •·l11ss. I'X c·P pt on Pl\·dion
nnd ehanwtct· of' th l' Sot·ial - Dc>moernt da~'·
HOW DID BUTTE REPE:A.T
HJ'll National Bxf'(•ntil' e SP<·t·ebll·v
l~rrt ;ro1r " '" find that 1'\'1'11 ll'hf'n
IN 1913~
] , nnf'et·siek, fot·met· ougt·cssman Vi~- tiH·rl' i:-; si)Jlll'thinl.{ of a th•sir .. to Roth questions have been asked thoutor· ],, llm·gcr, 0111 • 011-n ,J. Stitt \Vi!sa nds of times. In most cases, Butte
p r nt Pd
tht•
lrorkl'rs
that
th t• comrades have been too busy EDUCAT:on, the iud e fatignble Joh Harriman
lNG non - Socialists to an understanding of
and many others.
:\L\( ' [IIl'\El{Y fnt• Joiug that n•ry ' OCIALISM to waste time answering.
thing- rs NOT A\ \lLABLE TO u ERE 'S THE ANSWER!.
TilE 'i\ll'NIClP LITY.
n
Where?
Why. in every Issue of the
1\fnil yolll· snbsc t·iptiot'l for thi pa"'l'c>ll
ll.' what Wt' ran do and w e Montana Sorialist. which Is an exact du- '
p!'t' today. lt i
owrwo and eonS ix B its Gets I t f or You!
plicate of THE BUTTE SOCIALIST, tb'e
h·olled hy the oc ialist party of Cali- will clo it. " has hePn thP <·t·y fr-om propaganda sheet that has gone Into
fornin.
l ette r nodrt' , ed to Th<'
every home and eyery room in every
lodging house in th e Butte district at
~ ociui-Democrat. P. 0. B ox 135. l Jo
least twice monthly for three years .
ll'ith any I'CYOIH tiona :-y idl'a.·.' o r anything of . that o rt. It has .·impl,v
rHE MONTANA SOCIALIST
Butte, Montana
�T -he Western Com r a d e
353
Telephone Home A-4533
b een pounded into them that a crisis Every evening till 6. Sundays 11 to 12
exists and that they must· do some- .
HARR'I MAN, RYCKMAN &. TUTTLE
Oscar-WINBURN-Charles
l.
t
hing ""Rbout it. They don't know
Attorneys at Law
THE WORKINGMAN'S LAWYERS
w h a t to do. And small wonder!
700 San Fernando Bldg., Los Angeles
921 Higgins Building
Th l! ouly way in which :Al1L of
· Phone A-3638
Los Angeles, Cal. ,
the. p eople. can be given work for
NOTARY' PUBLIC
auy lengt h of time is · for those
Broadway 1592
F-1592
' 100 P~r Cent Settlement
p eople to b e given access to the
A.
R.
HOLSTON
INDl STRJES.. An,d the people DO
NOT OWN ·'THE IND STRIES.
331-2 Douglas Building
The m.unicipai gov~rnment has nothLos Angeles, Cal.
ing to sa;v ab'Qut th'e INDUSTRIES!
The mUllicipality · may . undergo a
CHARLES ~ MORGAN
spasm of activity in the way· of street
Attorney and Counselor at Law and
building, tree ·planting, sewer digNotary Public
1010 California Build log, Corner Second g ing, or something of .t~~t sort, but
and Broadway ·
·
until th e p eople own an_d democratHome Phone A 3913 Los Angeles, Cal. icnlly operate the INDUSTRIES
Offi ce Phone Main 7618 F-2164 Notary th e r e can b e no sustained employm ent for AI1L w ho want to work
CHAIM SHAPIRO
Attorney at Law
..
JOSHUA E. YOUTZ
Insurance Underwriter
360 I. W. Hellman Building
Los Angeles, Cal.
THE
PEN
MAN
Readers of The . Western Comrade
should get the "Wilkinson" habit when
they need a fountain pen. If you purchase a pen at the place of J. B. Wilkinson, 217'-h South Spring street, Los Angeles, it will be kept in repairs l for you
free of charge. Even -If it happens to be ·
broken in a dozen places, Wilkinson, the
fountain pen doctor, w.lll fix .it- because
Attorney at Law
\V e can usc panics for agitation he knows how. Wilkinson will treat you
right.
232-3 Douglas Bldg.,
pu rposcs, and that 1s about all,
3rd and Spring
unl ess w e t a k e charity into consider - Phones: Sunset Main 8400, Home 10711
l tes. Phone 6544
Los Angeles, Cal.
at ion. \Ve ·may provide work for a
Phone Douglas 3565
sh o1·t tim e for a limited number of
ED. WINFIELD
..·nwn and women , but n ever can w e Halftone Photo Engraver and Zinc Etcher
H. SLIKERMAN
Color Engravings
JWrpctuate j u s tice in the shape of
Attorney at Law
WORK for all who wish work until ___a_e_co_r_d_B_u_
il-di_n_g_, -6-i2_w
__
ai_l_s_t_.- Pacific Building, Room 631
\\·e brin g th e SOURCES of producSan Fran cisco, Cal.
It w111 please the comrades to hear that
t ion and dis tribut ion tinder the Dawson is back on the job at the Old
Compliments of
own e1·ship of the whole people. Book Shop, 518 South H111 street, Los
Angeles. Dawson is there with the same
'\T(' VCJ' r an w e abolish that exploitahearty welcome to "browse." Dawson
JAMES R. TOWNSEND
1ion 1hat is th e b a sis of all our surely has a wonderful collection of rare
Suite 712, San Fernando Building
books. In fact, it is the largest west of
lll!Sei'Y unf i l w e t al\ e ft·om the ex- Chicago.
I always find It a joy to. spend
J<'ourth and Main Streets
Los Angeles, Cal.
ploiteJ'S th e machinery with which a n hour at Dawson's wonderful book
J know that I'll not be expected
thry exploit. N ev er can w e stop shop.
to buy. I'll be able to browse aboutHome A 2003
Main 619 p a nics nntil w e root out the CAUSE something 1 ' love to do. Dawson is a
book seller of the old school. Drop
of pnnjcs.
•
A. J. STEVENS
around and get acquainted with him.
Dentist
\Vc r an and w e must use every He's a good fellow.- E. J.
307 South Broadway
opportunity - and th e present offers
Roo m 26
NOTICE TO READERS
Los Angeles, Cal. Sll (· h an opportunity- to show to a11
We wish to call the attention of the
thr p eople th e utte r fo lly and crnne readers of The Western Comrade to the
of th e present system, to the end advertisement on the second page of this
issue. ln that advertisement, Comrade
CENTRAL PARK DENTISTS
that t hey shall t ear it down and build Henry M. Sihoerberg asks for the patHenry M. Silverberg, D. D. S.
a better on e. But, as for Los Angeles ronage ·of Western Comrade subscribers.
We desire t.o emphasize the fact that our
Cor. Fifth and Hill Sts.
m· Snn Franrisco or Pol'tland or comrades should go to this comrade's ofLos Angeles, Cal.
Drnnr g ivin g JUSTICE to thirty fi ce at 452 South Hill' street (Central
Park Dentists) and make known their
thousnnd idl e m en and women- IT appreciation of liis support of the SoEyes Examined and Glasses Fitted
C AN 'T BR DONE UNDER CAPI- cialist press. When anyone is kind
enough to enable a Socialist publication
DR. J. A. KIEFE~LE
'l'AI,JSM!
to fulfill its mission, it is the duty of all
Optometrist
\ Ve must do what w e can to r elieve to reciprocate. Go to Comrade SilverRoom 29, 452!h So. Broadway
berg's office and let him do your dental
suffering, of course, and w e do that work.
Los Angeles, Cal.
He lias been in the Socialist party
"-ith a glad , yet aching, heart. for more than a decade and has always
been an active booster for the cause.
'' The W estern Comrade is d oing a Ml'anwhil c we go on pounding away T~
l him _y_ou saw his advertisPmAnt. In
~; vuu wur.K, I:UIU J. w J:Sil y-ou success,
at rn e rounaauon or "Lne ssy"Lem "Lna"L, The Western Comrade-and tell him to
says ll.Jly Perrin, 121 West Grande, if not b roken down, w ill soon bring keep it there. Tell your friends to go to
the Central Park Dentists, where they
Albuquerque, N . l\1.
11s another panic.
will be treated right.
�The We st ern Com r ad e
Home Phone F-5936
THOUGHTS WHlLE ON THE
ROAD
':By J . E . Snyder
BRILL
THE FULL DR ESS MAN
We Have a High Grade Line of
Full Dress, Tuxedo and Pri nce Alberts
For Rent and For sale at
Reasonable Rates
·
o neida Bldg., suits 28
319 s. Spring st.
Los Angeles, car.
DRESS ER PHOTO co.
Lantern Sli des
Copying Made and Exhibited Enlarging
Kodak Finishing-Free Develop ing
Mail Orders
2301,1. SOUTH SPRING ST.
Phon e A-2298
Los Angeles,' Cal.
D
ON "r hitch your ;ideas to a
lariat pin and go off and leave
them. • Don 't hobble your thoughts
by old t raditions and .advices.
STRIKE OUT FOR THE HEIG)ITS.
.
. .
Gtve y our Id as free range, your
thoughts liberty. ·
I
..
Beautif~l
Meat Market
'Vithout question, the most beautiful meat market in Los Angeles is at
Third and i\fain streets, and goes
imder the name of Christopher's
l\feat ::\Iat·ket, conducted by George
A : Binney & Co. This institution occupies the place formerly used by
.
-.-J_;evy 's cafe. It is a joy to the eye
---------------- ~ The mountams .are poems.. I and the mecca of epicureans.
JOHN HERM AN, B. sc.
stood .:at the fo~t of Mount Wilson
This pl ace can well be called a deAssayer and Chemist
on a c-l ear ntornmg at Dawn. I de-1
.
.
do not guaranteed satisfaction
.
- fi
d "'
h
partment sto,re, so far · as thmgs to
1 guarantee accuracy
sired to nd wor s '.LOr a poem w en
. .
.
252-Jh- south Main st., Los Angeles, C"l
. d awne
. . d on me tb a t th e 1\~r~oun t ain
. eat·
If. It IS eaten, It
~ · 1t
. . are concerned.
.
.
IS m · th1s beautiful and sumptuous
Phone A 2299
Ali Work Done In Duplicate
was enough.
sto t·e.
"H the su n and moon should Larg<'. a it·y; sanitary, this meat
THE JONES BOOK STORE
douht , tliey'd imm ediately go out." j tnaht stands a~ a mo.del of what the
22G W Pst Fi r·st SL, Los Angeles, Cal.
___
future stot·es will be lik l'. It is th e
H caclquari Prs fot· th e best Socialist
What hubble are you blowing? last " ·ord in things pertaining to the
books and lit <' ra t ut·c.
Think .vou it will never burst1 Bub- dinner table. All classes of peopl e
William Fra ncis Seema n, registered hies hiown hy small iJ:>oys absorb a re catr r ed to, and all a r e invariably
patent attorney and mechanical engi neer,) f IH' Ill so thai they fo rget that bubbles gi \' CD 1he gr eatest possible satisfac.
·
successor to Arden & Seemann, 416-17-18
Citizens' Bank Building; patents all lnn·st, and :-n·e mu ch ,surprtsed when ItiOn.
countries; specializing intricate and dif- thrv do. IIaY e you not seen your
People who deal at meat marficult
mechan
ical,
chemical,
electro·
.
·
1 . 1
ff come f rom
1 {C to 1a'·,e t_JC_stu
chemical and metallurgical cases. F G74 a, h_uhbles grow m their orb _to wonder {rts ]'I
Main 9474.
size, take on all the _myriad colors, , (•lean sources. l'hts IS the great feaLAND WA NTED and then collapse with nothing be- tut·e of Christoph er's Meat Market.
If you know of large tra cts of good f0rc you hut thin air· and oppor- Th e first desire of the managemen t
land with good water prospects in South- tunity to blow another bubble 1 is c-leanliness. 'l'hen comes the d eern and Central California, write .T. E.
Snyder, care E. E. Kiggins . 302 Delta ''::\fen · are only boys grown tall, 1 ' tr rmination to price the goods so that·
Building, Los Angeles, Californi11.. lf you and mny find that their full blown only a reasonable profit w:ill be mad e.
want to locate on California land let me
1
know. Th e Kiggins Land Company deals and cherished hopes and movements I fn this manner, the interests of the
square and does only straight real estate are hu t hubhl es after all; but to I buying public are conserved.
business.
him who heeds th e trutl! and accepts
Christoph er 's Meat Market should
Rebuilt
no other building stones will find he patronized liberally by readers of
TYP E WRI T ERS
that the pnst has given )pc-ting foun- Th e \VN;tern Comrade. If they d eFrom $10 Up
dation materials. HP. wiq find that si r e th e hcst that money can buy,
Low Rental Rates
TYPEWRITER SBRVICE CO.
all is not a. bnhble.
thl'n pnn·hases should be made at
A-2591
138 S. Broadway Bdwy. 3810
this beautiful place.
Los Angeles
Th e r ea l constitution of a move'J'his mf'at mark et is gaining scores
Insurance, all kinds. P. D. Noel. 921 mcnt or· a nation is not written on of fricJ,Jds each day because it is beHiggins Bldg., Los Angeles.
paper. Its character depends on the coming generally known that it is
A NEW YEAR 'S RESOLUTION mcmher·s of the body politic. W e til l' finest place in th e West. It can
" TJes, talk, mot·e wor·k. I will he- ra not h·ave d emocracy without Dem- saff'ly be said that the entire Pacific
gin at onPc to BLIIJD the tl!·eam that ocrats, Socialism without Socialists. l'Oast can Not boast of so beautiful
has been th e inspir·ation of my life." Neitller· can one learn all of democ- and sanitary a place where food 'l'hc Volnntc ct· 'Co-operative Asso- mcy 1tor Socialism in a day. It took stuffs may be purchased at moderate
ciation will show you th e way to put Marx tw en ty years to write "Cap- pricl's.
the above r esolution in a ctual pt·ac- itnl," and then Engles had to finish
At Christopher's :\I eat :M arket the
tiee. Th ey arc now in th eir enlarged it._ ~he reason some Socialist l?cals patron finc~s a corps of clerks on han_d.
quat'ters 812-81-J. San Pedro street fall IS because the members Jump who und erstand eYl't·y phase of th eil'
TJOS Angeles, Cal:· Literature mailed from the preparatory class to a pt·o- work and who arc always anxious
free. Call, phone or write. Phones, fl'ssorshhip in economics the first to gin the customers th e best possiHomc A-1079, Main 3859.-Adv.
week of thl'ir membership.
hi e scrYicc.-Adv.
I'
I
I
�355
T h e W e st e .c n · C o Dl c .a d e-
ALL MAKES OF
Fountain Pens Sold
YOUNG MEN ·O F
CALIFORNIA
Insured Against Breakage ·.
.
p R
E E
N p
s A
HERE
ALL
'"'WRITE';
HERE
IN
OUR
OWN
FACTORY
I
R
E
D·
Better salaries for Raiiway fail
Postoffi e Carrier , lerk .
APEH r eaders cannot have failed to
N. EWSP
mark the consistency with which the news-
t and Sold
··all and make anoffer .
•
• 1" ...
DA W · N 'S BOOK SHOP
518 South Hill Street,
WANT THE PICTURE?
~KE
1
r 1111
UP.
a good look at the cover design of this
'Vant the oriainal drawing by Tracy_T
can ha \"e it
if
you will aet fifteen new sub-
M·t·ib r to Th e \\ e.'tem Comrade. Go get em and
ny wh en you ,.end em in that you want the origl't·acy.
See MISS WILSON
602 Citizens ' National Bank Bldg., Los Ang l s
Res. phone:
Offi ce phones :
25951
A-1973 ; Bdwy. 1775
THE " ,MOCK " NEWSPAPERS
OOKS
T
lerks and
Big incr ease m wot·king -fore · cau ed by
Parcels Post.
•·write" Upstairs 2171/2 So. Spring Street,
Los Angeles, Calif.
11 , . 11 11!
ITY
•
Fountain Pen Specialist
l'h .. u•· a nd
YO R. OPPORT
To prepare for Positions in the Railway .fail
ervice and Postoffice Department.
J. B. WlLKINSON·
Boug
I
papers have referred to the Rev. Hans chmidt as
the "mock" priest. It is one of those things that
mark the serviency of the great American pres .
~h ere has been noth ing to convince thtl public
that this reverend gentleman, r ecently tried in New
York City on a charge of murdering a girl, was not a r egular priest at the time he is alleged to have
committed murder.
For the newspapers to so obligingly refer· to him
now as a "mock" priest, giving the idea that h e
was some sort of . an iu~po stor, is to demonstrate
the "m~ck" sin rer ity of our newspapers.. Of course,
t he fact that th is priest was charged with murder
is no reflection at all upon the church with which
he was connected. However, the manner in which
the n ewspaper have referred to him serves as an excellent contrast to th e mann er in which the newspapers refert·ed to th e assa ilant of Colon el Roosevelt,
who, though a Democrat and ~ atholic, as well as a
Tammany Hall novitiate, was referred Jo as a So.,
cialist b th
re N " Y r
wa no "mor·k" in ttat instance, though there was
a fine mockery of trnth.-G. 1\'1. W.
�(
0
iseT ir ?
One in every three Californians - and
children and aged indigents- one ~ut of e erp r
Jiving in California, has an account in a saving bank.
n
Californians have always had an inclination to sav • n
of the reasons for this is the confidence they have in th ir
banking institutions.
The SECURITY is the oldest and largest savings bank
in Southern California. During its twenty-five year of
existence, under practically the same management, it ha won
the confidence and good will of every resident of Los Angeles.
The SECURITY, today, has over eighty-six thousand
individual depositors.
The highest rates of interest consistent with safe, con ..
servative banking, are paid. Savings Accounts in this bank
are, by law' free and exempt from city' county or state taxe •
SEUURITYTRUST
&SAVINGs:fiA N" K
Oldest and Largest Savings Bank ..
in the Southwest
SEC RITY B ILDI G
Fifth and Spring
EQUITABLE BRANCH
Fir t at"d Spring
�
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Title
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Language
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Western Comrade, 1914-02
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1914-02
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n10_191402
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n10
Extent
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32 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d100d7ebc2497e28e4bd49f38487e248.pdf
e476874a8b8d6635b0a2d3ec8ab2529d
PDF Text
Text
J
TWO SMASHING BIG FEATURES:
.
..
\Vhat Are w·e G·oit1g. T(l Do Al1out It?
CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS NUMBE
Walter Lanfersiek, N. A. Richardson, Stanley B. Wilson, Chester .
M. Wright, Emanuel Julius, Brame Hillyard, Dr. 1• E. Pottenger,
. 1 an
, ·,,·am Morris F~nbattm;- -lhrofd -Ev~r- hart, Charl~s Tracy.
�T:be Wester .n Comrade
A Word to
..
.Our Reader Comrade
.........
~ : ·;.~·=i.~;
~===~~;'I T IS just at Thanksgiving· time that this number of The Western Comrade goe to pre ,
And the editors feel that there is much to be thankful for. The o iali t ()f alif rni~
find themselves in splendid fighting trim-and witb plenty to fight for-which l' an
excellent thing.
J.;rt us say that we are thankful" because our wonderful move~ent is day hy day
l'oreing the powers _of greed a d darkness farther away fr·om the throne of power. We
are making the woriJ better _with vt:ry day of fighting. On with th fight and may our
lighting spir·it never grow less.
I
J usi a worJ uow about the magazine. \Ve feel that we arc bringing you a magazine thi month for
whieh you will be thankful. It IS a good magazine-one of the best that ever the American So •ialist
movement liacl the joy of r eading.
I<' ir·st tlwr·e 's the ringing challenge on the ·page n ext following-it's a challenge in answer to a questi on. Stanh·y B. ·Wilson continu es h-is illuminating r eview of th e movem ent over the tate and add
to it a splendid contribution on "The Simple Story of Karl .Marx, the ~tan." You'll f el a new and
lll or·e eomrallely interest in Marx when you 've read that sketch of him.
We fl'el sure that you 'll get a new glimpse of the System after st ullying Arti t Tracy's pictur , "A
Cltl'istmas Contrast." 'J'het·e 's also a 'l'ra:cyesque humor to his illustration for the semi-serio- omi' "It 'ti
,Just Got to Come," written by Chester M. Wright . .
Th e dmm a J epa rtm cnt is back again, with M. Louise Grant as the author and with it comes the
'alcium Glow department. Eleanor \Ventworth is writing a fiction story, based, however, on colll
facts, which will replace for this month and next mouth het· r egulaT department. A not her· bit of !iue
fit·t iou with a punch is Emanuel Julius ' story of "The Hise of Fran}{ Dunne."
And now r eal! t he magazinr-f.rom cover to cover. Tt 's a ripping good nurnbr1·. But don't stop
there. Hustle out and capture a subscriber or two-for r eally, we need ·subscribers, thousands oJ'
t hem. 'l'his magazine is '1'00 GOOD TO STAND S'l'IL"PJ. It is going forward, but PUT ON MORE
RTEAI\L Put Th e Westel'll Comrade into H ery nook and corner TO BUIJ.1D FOR SOCIALISM I
I
The Western Comrade
Vol. 1.
No.9
Dl'cemhet·, 1913
Published Monthly by
UNION.LABOR NEWS COMPANY, INC.
203 New High St, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles
ubscripJ.ion Price One Dollar a Year
EDITORS
tanley B. Wilson
Chester M. Wright
Associate Editors
El anor Wentworth
YEmanuel Julius
Pred
ob Wagner
The Social-- Democrat
~fficial organ of the SoclaUst movement o! CaUfornia; owned by the party-the very best propaganda
newspaper in the West. In addition to its propaganda
work i t constantly keeps In touch with the dally Jl(e
of the movement, bringing to Its readers each week a
reflection or what Is actually being done. Correspondent!~
everywhere make it a mirror of the field or aetJon.
YOU ought to have this great paper. Stitt Wilson call•
It the best in America. It's a dollar a year. Constructlv~
forcefnl, virile--alwa :L2Jl .tbe_Job....lo~-f'e¥61
----
The Socia l· Democrat
Box 135, Los Angelo, Cal.
�T be
H TA
e ·tezrm
a
~E
E GOI G
ABO. TIT?
THE VERY NEWEST KIND OF STRIKE BREAKER
The picture above shows the latest pattern of rapid.firing gun, in use by the mine owners of Colo .
rado to shoot down the striking mine workers . . And now for the story of John Ure:
John Ure, of Scotch birth, 63 years of age, a miner for fifty . three years, was employed at Forbel!
mine, Forbes, Colo., at the beginning of the present st.rike, at which time he jolne1! the strikers and
moved into a tent furnished by the miners' union. While standing in front of his tent on tho after•
noon of October 17, 1913, a mine guard approached the tent colony, carrying a flag of truce with 111m.
Upon arriving at the tent colony he was met by a group of men a'nd he asked them If they were atrlk .
ers. They informed him that they were. He then stepped back and dropped the flag, at which aiQn!!l
the rapid machine gun, .mounted on a steei·bodied automobile, on the public highway some three hun .
dred yards from the tents, commenced firing at the strikers. Shooting atarted about 3 o'clock p. m. and
continued until 5 o'clock p. m. Ure took refuge under the cot in his tent, and it Ia a miracle that
he was not killed, as the tent has 147 bullet holes in it, and the furniture, every dish and cooking
utensil bears evidence of the shots fired by this gatling gun.
Rifles to right of the~.
Rifles to left of them,
Rifles in front of them
Volley'd and thunder'd.
r.;~~~!l!!!!!;'IALl':\fET.
Trinidad, Wheatland, Indianapolis-wherever lahOJ' ~o;fdiH'H fOl' a little
mor·t• of its pr·oduct, there go the troops, horse, foot and d r·agoonR, to the defen ••
of tllf ma ter of the bread.
So it eomf' that today the United States has standing arm~s iu tlw field ou
a war footing, contending with an enemy for supremac·y on li11ited ;;itates "'lil.
And W<' of the working dass are that enemy.
Th<' nH•n who write fable for the newspapers im·m-iahly tell u:S that tlw
tronllS arc• . ent into the i';t.rike di 1riet to presen•e ord<•r. 'l'J1ey eH u t),$it the
tl:'O'OJPS :nrc sent in to proleet Hfe and property. And tliat may be so, in a m.ea:aure, but it i~ , o
O~lly ~0 that
1Nit to which eapitali. t life and property are eon<·erJl(!(t The proteetiou of
li\h~r, it. ri~h1 s, it li((', it· pN~ erty, i not contemplated iin the order t.o m1.1rdL
\Yesll Vi.rgirni~ is . uffieient .:mswrer to i!he writers of tlhe n-ew:spapc•r !!':aMes. V\~~t Virg~~~Cil
whlh its ('<mr't marlriad 11!' miilltary pri CDn , ]ts bigJ1-h'8.Dded disr€'.g:ard od' f'very rigJJt ~nd priYile.ge '('If a f~rce peo:pk It ii 1BmlSW<er renougill.
'l'(IH ·~l.Y t ·l<C' ohu~c·Jr. .a~re rm n dltl1ty :aU :aJI(iJ:mg tlhre great <e(i)p:per rnllllge Ol~ M'ijdJ~.g<m,
JHR .f:l<il <ilpeH y
e
? ]]
�292·
The Western Comrade
and indefensibly are they in the actual service of the mine wners that the owners of the
gr·ent "Copper mines are proposing to paJfthe wages of the soldiers because they fear a popular
demonstration against payment of those wages by the state for a service which the. state so
ohYiously does not require.
· ·
Today the soldiers are on duty in Colorado, filing through the mountains to see that the
proJwrty of the coal owners is protected. "Pr(!teeted' ~ is a handy word for mine owners to
haYe in their vocabulary. It is a common belie£_among mine owners that if they can get soldic•rs enough and get them when they want them that they can defeat labor and crush it back
1o till! desir·pd level.
·
.A 1Hl what about all this uniformed strike-breaking 'bu iness 1
WHAT AHE \VE GOING TO DO ABOUT. IT Y
\Vc shall makr no dPnial of th~e fact that union men have,u ed violence and will use violence.
But we shall make the assertion· that they have used violence only when dri,·en to it and that
the,:· will pursue the same course in the future. Any animal wiil fight wlien driven to . bayand it will fight. with tfie weapons best calculated to 'win it release. In Colorado 147 bull_e ts
wen: shot through the tent of one miner by deputy sheriffs. Say, if you wish, that the miner
who inhalJits that tent in f reezing weather is going to turn the other cheek so that it, too, may
lH· shot awa_v. But if· he can get a gun he is not likely to fulfill your peaceful prediction. Thus
is labor drin•u to d(!Sper·ation by the barons who own the proper·ty and the tools of production.
Thus arc ex(·llS('S made upor_J. which to base the insistent call for soldiers. It seldom fails.
In West Vir·ginia H whole miners' camp was riddled with bullets from an arm<?red train at
11ig-ht Put yourself in such a camp in such a time-it was winter there, too-and ask yourself
wlrat your feelings and impulses and resolutions would be. If you were the average workingman,
with the love of liberty and justice that courses in the veins of the average workingman, you
would do just what you think you would do-and you wo~ld not he a traitor to your class.
.\rmed "·ar·fare is roming to be a recognized feature of e':ery great strike. WHAT ARE
WE GOlKO 1'0 DO ABOUT 1'1'~
This much we are sure of: Even if labor r eally cared for that sort of war, even if it instigatell it-\Yhieh it does .not-it COUld never hope tO COpe SUCCessfully with the forces which
ar·t· opposetl to it in every such case. Organized society is arrayed solidly against the outlawfor such is the man who shoots in self-defense on the strike field against .the forces of "law .and
onler·." Nor· does the regularly observed and established labor policy of peace and rigid diseipliue hring- the results desired. • For in every great strike the bosses make it their settled
policy to " incite to riot" in such a way that the hlame can be l~id at the door of the strikers.
Professional thugs, strong-arm men, blacklegs and gunmen are adept at that sort of work.
'l'ht'~' act on the tl;leory that a man attacked will retaliate in self-defense. Their task is not
overly hard, nor does it require any great amount of finesse. It is _pure)~- the work of the
lr1red hnlly and ruffian who is almost always the pr·odnct of the city slums. which in turn are
tlw (lirect creation of the capitalist system.
"\r·med intervention follows quickly. The tr·oops with their rifles and maehine guns are ordt•r<'d to the scene of "action" and immediately their entire influence, the weight 0'f their
mor·al and physical strength is always thrown AGAINST labor, against the strikers, no math·r how just their demands, no matter how ind<>fensible the tactics .of the masters of the mines .
antl of th e bread .
.And somet hing must be done about this thing. But WHAT?
_-\r·med inter·vention ns a settled strike policy is relatively a new feature of the class war,
though th e first instanc{}. was recorded as early as th e ·great steel strike in Pittsburg when
~\lexander· Berkman shof and wounded Steel King Frick. J,ater came the eall for troops by
Clt:>vt'la nd, oYt>t' the protest of Governor Altgelt, the Illinois governor who was driven to his
graYe hy capitalism. That was during the great A. R. U. strike. J,ater came the Coeur d 'Alane
strike, in which northern Colorado -was t9rned into a battlefield with labor furnishing the victims for capitalistic greed.
�The Western Comrade
It may be aid .that the u e of ·OOp a 81 fa tor m rike ln~eakin h devel pE'd ·ith the
capitalist system and with the e of the strike
81 we po.n of labor. And a· the (}ap:it
t
system has become perfected the use of troops ha he ome more frequent, until now it · no
strange thing to have the military in service against labor at half a do~en point in the coun ry
at the same time. or course the use of .might
erush labor is no new thing. The thing that
is new is the form of the thing. And greater than that is that other new thing-the A AKEN1~G of labor to a realization ~f the MEANING of the confli t and an understanding of 1t cau •
Today no great strike is-without its complement of oldier trike-breakers and neither now
nor in the past is there a single instance where the military has been called upon to protect
lahor in its fight for better living conditions or hiO'her wages and shorter hour .
Two cases on the Pacific coast illustrate precisely the attitude of the capitalist offieial toward
the struggles of Jahor. At San Diego workingmen·were being beaten and driven from their
city. They c~llt>d upon the governor for protection in their suffering . He ga e them nothing ht>yon<l a mere hluff. At Wheatland the masters called for troop to crush lnbor and the I
I roops were sent to the assistance of the hop oarons as fa;t as train could CaJ.:r t}H~m. It
t·\'t•r so wher·e capitalists rule.
\\'hHt i!'l tht· WilY out? jfust we go on fighting our industrial battle again t ha~·onet · aud
rapid firing guns that drill through us and leave us cold and dead 1
Th e auswer is thAt we must face the powers that be on a field where we are suprem 1
r·ather than on a field where we are inferior. That does not mean that we must abandon our batIll's on 1he et·onomi t.: fiP!d, but rather that we shall BACK THEM UP with a. battle on th
politi<·al fil'ld where our o,·erwhelming numerical superiority is such as to leave no doubt of the
outcome, onee we det ermin e to plunge into action with the same solid front that we have displayed on the st1·ikc fi eld.
\\'(' mnst relinquish none of our economic militancy, put we must augment it with a political
ntilitau!'y that will l!!·ing to us a final and lasting victory.
The gnus of the paid thugs, such as mine "guards," are brought into use bccau e of the
opc·u ncqniescence
the passive acquiescence of the properly constituted civil authorities who
gain thl'it· pO\\'t' r dire ct!~· from the electorate. The guns of the organized military bodies are
hr·ought into nse !weans~ of the direction of thr properly constituted civil authol'ities. The
mPn that lah01· elt'ds nJ•e responsible for the use of guns on the economic field. Any of these
offi1·ials ean, when thry so will, absolutely stop the use of guns as weapons with which to break
stJ•ikPs and kill workingmen.
•
Bnt until
laborI elects officials who are conseious of. their working-class ties nothing like thot
•
will hAppen. The question, "What are we going to do ahout it1" can be finally answered only
.hy voting about it. 'l'hat is the simplest, easiest, most effective and only final remedy for a
sitnntion that grows more acute with every industrial conflict-a situation that must soon find
a r<>medy or the nation will be plunged into a wide-spread conflict at arms, on the enc side of
which will be th e militant worker fighti~g for his life and on the other side of which will be
the slum and brothel product fighting at the command of a baron who pays what he considers
the s rvice worth .
Among all the thou ands of Socialist officials in all parts of the civilized world, not one has
ewr i. ned a eall for soldiery to crush labor in any hattie that it has ever waged for hettcr
conditious, high er wages, o1· the gaining of any of those cherished liberties for which militant
labor forever is striving. There is not one such case on r ecord!
Nobody en;. has heard of soldiers or police being ordered into service as strike breakers by
._ocialist official . That is tile answer-the only answer that really answers-the only solution
of the prohlem that really solves. And this question, like all others, never will be ~ettled until
it is settled right.
olidarity in the union ranks; solidarity at the ballot box; away with the deadly gunf.l of the
palO. t mgs an t 11' orgamzcd military strike breaker. !
• ··
to
or
�Tbe Western Comrade
,
By WALTER LANFERSIEK-
1r
ational Executive Secretary of the Sociali t Party
..
Q
Ol
N THE fourth of Npvember . another
skirmish was fought ·in the war for
working-class emancipation. We won.
The elections were of no great sig·.
.· niticailce, as there were no national issues, so-called.
In spite of every handicap, the Socialist 'Vote is very encoaraging. Nonpartisan elections, commission form of
government, anything an4 everything ls
being tried to force thi Socialists to
break party lines. and yet we tt>rge steadfiy onward.
Have you ever seen men roll!ng sheet ste'el? The
'bar enters the mill one inch thick and four inches
wide. It is run back and forth through the rollers,
ea('h time bringing it nearer the desir'e d result. And so
it is with the elections. Each time the Soctallst Party
for('es society to come nearer to the result desired.
No matter about all t.he hindrances, our vote increases
and our gains grow greater year hy year.
r==~!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:ll
*
*
*
Ohio is first in the number of elected officials. Complete tlgures are not available, but no less than five
citfe~:; in that state elected Socialist mayors, with a
S('ore of al!lermen, councilmen, and other officials.
In New York state, we lost the mayor of Schenectady,
because the old parties fused against us, but we elected
no less than eleven candidates of Jesser importance in
Schnectady county, including the sheriff. New York
city elects a Socialist to the board of aldermen for the
first time. In spite of the hottest anti-Tammany fight
in the history of New York, 32,000 men .could not be
diverted from the real issue and proved-It by voting
for Charles Edward Russell for mayor.
Pennsylvania reports victories in McKeesport, Altoona. Glen Campbell, Ashland, Wilmerding and Pitcairn,
•
Indiana comes forward with victories in four cities.
* * *
IVE years ago such news as the above would
have been considered astonishing. We would
have demanded the exact figures of each election. But now we think it is hardly more than
ne, and it causes no great excitement.
.,.
EXPECT to do big tblngs, aod e nt«tain
this expectation becau e WE .ARE BEGI NI G
.
TO FEEL OUR POWER. For the Soctall t
Party is becoming a real power in the United
States. The spectacle of on6 hundred thousand m n
and women, working toward the arne goal, and pn.ylng
for the privilege or working together, is a new phenomenon in America. And this is the member hip of
the party today.
There were those who saw the disintegration of
the party a year ago; yet today it is a solid, mass\ve
organization, showing a power g'rater than in dny ·
period of its history.
.
·
*
*
*
The organization is now swinging in line for the big
campaign of next fall. Congress this summer bas shown
itself to be impossible. It is only too plain that th
interests still rule, and therefore the opportunity of the
Socialists will be at hand. By next fall the failure of
the Wilson administration to do anything constructive
for the common people will be so evident that there w1ll
be a tremendous wave toward the Socialist party.
We in the east expect California to show the stutt
she is made of. You can do it. We look confidently
forward to . the result.
*
*
*
HE Par-ty is now making fine progress and C:alltornia is doing a noble share of the work. An
;
increase of not less than 17,000 members is
recorded for the past five months: We are
p y recovering from the lethargy that always follows a national election. After each of the years 1904
and 1908 there was a relaxation of activity, and thls
~ondition may as well be expected after each presidential election in the future. There is no doubt that
we will have the greatest membership in our history
to meet the opportunities of next fall. Within a few
months the national party debt w1ll have been paid
ol'f, and then we can look for big things to happen.
It is a good time to live. Let us get all the fun out
of life, all the glory there is in Jiving, by becoming
increasingly active In the great cause that ls sweeping the nations with its promise of emancipation.
THE LAW OF THE HIVE
"Behold the little busy bee,"
• Said he of bags of money,
''That by hi indu try and thrift
Lay up a store of honey.
"Sounds very fine," the worker said,
"To have you thus compare;
But in the hive each of the bees
Must do his Ia wful share.
•·u in the
hives of buman life
The dron all_goi-!..ue;~L.~:uu~
Just think a moment, if you please,
What would become of you."
�The Wes .ter·. n .Comrade
A CHRISTMAS CONTRAST
295
�296
The
The Western Comrade
Murderers
at. Wheatland
,
B y N . X . R I CH A RDSO N
Special Wheatland Inve~tigator for the Socialist
Party of California
I'!!'!!!!!'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I N GOING by the Southern P a cific from
Sacramento to ~1arysville, some ten
miles before reaching the latter, one
passes through a small town in the
midst of hop fields-the town of Wheatland.
. .
This ,·mage was "pla.ced upon the
map" last Aug~st, as have . been other
communities in this nation, by troubles
·growing out of laboring conditions that
lliiiiiiOiiiiOiiiiiiiiiiiiiil aftccted a sufficient number of toilers
to rn:~ke effect ivn opposition to tyranny possible and ·
conspicuou~.
ThPre was a protest there on the part of some two
thousanrl lahorPI ,; ag:\inst conditions in which no selfrespPC'ting human being thqugh a savage would work
and Slll'h as no state laying any just claim to civilizat im. would toleratP.
Yet :ts 11 con~equenee of these conditions and the
inordin?te greed of one man who proposed to maintain them. badted IJy his suLserl'ient tools in office. four
men are dead aud ~l dozen are in prison under the
charge of munlcr.
TIH1S'? com~itions haYe been stated with sufficient
em phasiFt in the 'report of the state executive committee of the Socia lif't Party of California. They need not
be here reiterated. So likewise in that report has been
discussed the :~ersonal conduct of the employer, the emJlloyed and the C'fficials in this lamentable affair. It Is
not upon this phase of the matter that I want now to
dwPll. I prefer her0 to discuss briefly tlle spirit that
actuated each party to the controversy-tile capitalistic
·and the labor elem<>nt.
A man who for years has personally known the
chief ac•ors on the capitalist side of the Wheatland
tragedy and who is thoroughly conversant with the
CO)I(!itlons that there prevailed, said to me in Sacramento: "Durst (one of th~ owners of the great hop
ranch where the trouble occurred and the superintendent in charge at the ti'me) is a good fellow as the
worlc~oes; ]Jolt COl:dit.IO :lS there WOUld not appeal to
him as they would to you or me. The matter, for instanc£-, of :10 distinction of toilets for men and women,
or their inadequacy, or the loathsome. unspeakably disgusting state of such as were furnished, he would not
com:idf'r a matter for serious thought. They were suffic-ient and good enough for that laboring herd: and
it would little matter if." ~hey"had none. They do not
need such thi"lg~ - ~;so~ly vital concern lay in the
hund1·ed thousai1'ds · dpllars that, through what he
won!('! Cllil economy, cou d be made from the yield of
those acres.
"The Sheriff is a good man, a fine man; but what
cares be for a mob iike that?
"The dead District Attorney was as fine a man as
ever was in the county, but he was in nowise dependent upon such a herd a s grazed in those · hop fields.
From his point of view it was the welfar of Durst
.and tbe -otbe!" growers n1' II:O}>s t'ha was at stake; and
any 'foolishness' on the part of the earth's off-scour-
ings, such as those hop pickers, could not be tolerated."
And thus we have it; not alone evidence of economic ciasses, but the actual spirit of caste-the
crystallized form of ca pitalism.
'The Sheriff went to that Sunday afternoon meeting, that he himself admits was perfectly orderly and
legal, absolutely inflated with the idea of his authority;
went, not to dea l with human beings, but with a
herd of cattle. And , lilte cattle, when ·he cracked his
whip and "as Sheriff · of Yuba county, I command you
to disperse." he expected them to scatter. What else
should a laboring herd do?
If that man had done his plain duty, stepped upon
the platform where the meeting was being held and
told them that he, as one sworn to enforce the law,
was ready to investigate conditions th~re, to help
punish any law violation on the part of rich or poor,
to look into the ir claim s and so far as lay In his
power see that theY got justice; that while this was
in progress, or even while . it might be necessary to
wait a few hours until he called in the State officials
whose duty it is to attend to such matters, he desired
that they 1;eturn to work assured that their interests
wou ld · be immediately cared for-if this had been his
message, the hand of no man would have been raised
aga inst another and 11\ore than two thousand hearts
wou ld have beaten in gratitude. But what would
Ralph Durst have said to such a proceeding? Sacramento is but an hour and a half away and an officf:!r
there wou ld, in short order, have made it very uncomfortable for him. Here the rich man stood against
the mu ltitu de--the rich man whose law-violation was
beyond all question-and the mu ltitude of labor who
had brok$n no law dwindled into insignificance. Durst
had called for somebody's arrest; hence, 'twas the
Sheriff's not to reason why, 'twas his to do the bidding.
The entire spirit manifested by the capitalistic element was one of contempt for what to them was a
laboring rabble, a mass of workers or tramps who
shou ld be thankfui for a chance to qualify for the purchase of a loaf of bread . .
And this is a spirit not confined to the vicinity of
\Vbeatland by any means. Its mantfestations are almost
as common as the modern workshop. It is a spirit practically unknown in the day of the small concern ; a spirit
inconsistent with conditions when master and man
worked side' by side and more nearly shared a common lot. Its outcroppings are a natural consequence
of de\·eloped capitalism-the total divorcement of employer and employed-the making of the multi-millionaire at the expPnse of a million paupers. It is this
that is burning into the heart of labor the lesson of
the class struggle that modern industrial methods
make imperative.
But th.:-re was another manifestation of spirit there
- spirit deYeloped in the school of modern experiences. and. nwdern eeonomic teachings. Tt is a proauct
of our public schools, of the more general spread of
knowledge. of at least a superficial sense of democracy
...
�The Western co ·m.rad·e
and human rights, of ideas that are sifting down to the
masses through the organizations of labor, both economic and poiitical.
,
There were some there who knew enou'ih not Ol!;l:Y.
to sense wrongs, but to fathom something of their
own rights. There were some who, to put it in homely
English, "h ad been up against the capitalistic game"
and were not to be bluifed by mere bluster and pretense of, or usurpation of authority. They knew they
were acting wholly within the law and they knew when
others were violating it. And they had the courage to
assert themselves in the interest of their fellows.
Such attributes in a slave are always at a discount
wi'h the master; for they are the qualities of the worm
that turneth .
Th ese had no desire to kill. There was no thought
of cons piracy as the prosecution charges, unless we are
to denominate as conspiracies all the industrial and
political organizations of the laboring class-as from
the standpoint of the masters they doubtless are. ·But
conspiracy was in this instance a non-necessity. There
wPre those among them who refused to be trampled
297
and spat upon. especially for· conduct that was legal
and with which officialdom bad no right to interfere.
The day f01:' the exercise of t yrartny' is rapidly passing
and those who attempt it must t.a ke the consequenc.e s.
This is the spirit that is being cultivated in the modern
worker; and it were well for capitalism to make a
·
note of it.
.. In capitalism's etrort to break this spirit, it Is en·
deavoring to render the strike Illegal-to outlaw the
:·
striker. That, at l;lottom, is one of the chlet points in.
vo ved in the prosecution of the Wheatland laborers.
rn . other words, in Qlese cases the q.uestion of the
tight to strike versus abject enslavement.
There Is. not a phase of this Wheatland trouble that
does not demand our entry into the fight, and in a
·• manner that will make our presence felt. Whether
or not· these laborers have ,as yet grasped the great
principles of Socialism ls not to be considered. 'rhey
.are of the wo1·king class; their fight was right and just
~an incident in the great class struggle of the ag~
That is sufficient. We must to their rescue ; and we
must hurry.
The Rise of .. Frank D.u nne
J.~
Newspaper Story-By Emanuel Julius
•~"""""'"""""'~"""""'!!!J"""""'~F THE city editor were to tell Frank
·
• ,
~
.
Dunne to write a story about the moon
being made of green cheese; he wouldn't
ask any silly questions-he'd do it. He
would get facts, statistics, interviews
and pictures to prove that the moon is
made of green cheese. And here's the
··funny thing of .it all: he would believe
his own story. He believed every fake
he wrote; he believed every lie he told.
Yes, Frank Dunne was an ideal newsTemperamentally, he fit in with the order
paperman.
of things.
A newspaper's policy was Frank Dunne's religion.
The editorials were as gospel. He swore by the viewpoint-everyti:ling that the paper stood for was right,
·was just, was as It should be. If he had been told to
cover th~ crucifixio'n h<> .,·;:;::!:! have written a story of
•·a long-haired agitator. paying the penalty of his criminal views;" he would have told how "a certain Jesus
Christ had incited the people to'"riot," bad said things
"against the government," had "criticised established
institutions afid customs;" be would have · given the
impression that J esus deserved His fate.
" ' hen Dunne covered a strike, the office was always
.;atisfied. There wasn't a man on The Morning Times
who·could write a meaner story than this Frank Dunne.
He could sneer at a mass of starving strikers, accuse
them of "squandering their salaries on drink," charge
them with all manner of crime and violence-yes, he
was · a favorite in The Jl'imes' office. Even the big
ch ief-one ('onldn't conceive of · a ·m ore : unpleasant person-always sm iled at Frank Dunne and bade him the
time of day.
A rare specimen, his 135 pounds throbbed with
energy, his sharp eyes were ever on the watch for stutY
the office · wanted, his ears ·heard everything; and If
1ey 1 n , s 1mag na on wou come to the rescue.
This Frank Dunne was the star policy man; whenever anything particularly dirty was wanted, the _office
could a lways re ly on Dunne, who would write the stutY- ·
and, above all, sweaT by it. He was extraordinar11y
able at stories that meant systematic campaigns of
publicity; for he could write on the saD)e subject for
weeks and weeks at a stretch, and · never be at a loss
for something to say. A word would often give him
enough material for two columns ot matter. If there
were some sort of a franchise the oftl.ce was anxious to
get for some local kings of finance, Dunne would be
set to work on the . publicity. He had genius for mak- .
ing the wrong appear right.
Considering that he was a newspaperman, Dunne
was fairly well paid; he said he was getting $40 a week;
of course, ~ lied, for I knew it for a fact that he was
getting $35. Of course, he was always broke because
he \Vas always mingling with men of wealth and means
and didn't fancy being considered one not of their class.
He would just as soon pay for a ten-dollar dinner as
not ; he wouldn't hesitate to Invite some wealthy
friends to a cham1>agne supper that would keep him in
debt for weeks to come. Dunne loved the brothers of
Have ; he worshipped them, and nothing pleased him
better than to he with them. He was always at some
sort . of an affair; and he always gave the impression
that he belonged there.
Just befor.e Dunne became the star policy man, he
fell in love with a girl who worked ·In a local department store. She was a pretty-no, she was a. beautiful
· girl, just passing nineteen. He took her to the theater a number of times, always treating her as best he
knew how ; and she, sweeet Laura Knight, appreciated
him immensely. She was a poor girl and, I repeat,
she worked in a big store-and that means she worked
at starvation wages. 1 believe she got $6 a week;
I'm sure it wasn't more.
Dunne told her man y pretty things ; 'he told her he
loved her· es he even said sh was "the bes
lrl
in tbe world." But, he di-dn't say anything about marriage, though, let it be said in fairness , be thought of tt.
He really thought it would be a splendid thing to have
�298
Tbe Weste .r n Comrade
b.er as his wife. Yes, ·s he would be' the iileal companion tor lite, he concluded. But, !SOmehGw, he felt that
Lau.r.a KWgbt was a girl he could al aya g
so there
need be no hurry about marrlagtr. He was convinced
that 1t he didn't marry ber she ~ would b~ a spinster for
the rest of her day&-there are lots of men who believe that. So, be concluded it would be best for him
to wait-maybe a year, possibly two or three; but not
longer. So, he didn't say anything about marriage.
Laura Knight loved him, but she was a: retiring sort
o! girl who didn't know how to use her, wonderful
charms. Not knowing how to influence him, she let
him have his way about things, and .as he. didn't say
anything about marriage, she simply played a waiting
game.
Six months later, . Dunne married; . but he didn't
marry Laura Knight. He married an 1nsipid female,
a parasite to the · core, but everybody .tb_ought Dunne
was a lucky fellow; not every renorter bas luck enough
to marry a rich man's daughter. It· ·happened this
way:
While at an affair, be was introduced to a
young 'lady who was the daughter of the unpleasant
owner of The Morning Times. This owner-Bennington Fraser- liked bunne, as I've already mentioned, and
when he learned that his daughtEr and Dunne were
friendly, he smiled. When he learneq, some weeks
later, that his daughter would like to become the wife
of Dunne, he didn't _object.
"Of course," said Mr. Bennington Fraser, "that young
fe llow hasn't any money, but I tell you he has a futuvJ. He knows what's what. He hasn't any money,
but he has the push and go that will bring him money.
That young fellow is all right.''
And he blessed them. And they married. And
Dunne forgot about · Laura K'night. And Laura Knight
cried a little, and sobbed a little more, and philosophically decided to make the most of it all.
Dunne became one of the most Important men on
The Morning Times; he became dictator of policy; he
outlined campaigns; he ruled politics; he said what
shall be-and usually he had his way. The big chief
trusted Dunne's judgment.
The paper was a gold mine. Dunne was on the
inside. So, Dunne became wealthy. He got mixed
up in a number of questionable deals, but he wasn't
·afraid, for he held a mighty club over all his enemies
- the club of publicity. He could drive any man out
of the county, he once boasted .
He got Interested in a number of propositions; he
Invested · money In street railway stock ; he bought
shares In a great manufacturing concern; he even
bought a quarter Interest In a great departm ent store.
Dunne found that The Morning Times was of great
help In his business ventures, enabling him to get
almost anything he wanted. Of course, when it camf>
to the law-making bodies, he was a terror. All feared
him.
But, some people WILL persist in being reformers,
Dunne OJ' no Dunne. And It came to pass that a number
of reformers got together and formed an organization,
with the purpose of going into politics. An opposition
paper decided to take up the cudgels for this reform
element, and as a result, circulation grew for the opposition paper~
This was a distressing tate of affairs, though It
didn't harm the finances of The Morning Times; this
paper could always. depend on the big advertiserswhat more could one hope for? When campaign time
came again, Dunne aw that the reformers were getting too strong. They Wt>re actually threaten!
eapture ottftt':
wer; yes, 1t appeared as though
theY would capture the powers of gm·ernment. Dunne's
paper fougllt tit'ele lY. Dunne himself writing many
editorials.
The l'eform governor was elected. and then, Dunne
realized that many amadng things were about to bap~
pen. The ooformers, ln their platform, distinctly said
that if elected they would 1ight for the passage of a
minimum wa,f;e bilL Dwine, !ntere ted in a d~part
ment .store, didn't fancy the Jdea of a minimum wage
biU passing the legislature, so he fought, .b ut, some~ .
bow, his paper ·d.ldn't carry the kind of stutr he wanted.
"I tell you, Dunne," said Mr. Fraser, "we haven't
got the man who has the right angle on this minimum
wage business."
Dunne p.,greed with him.
"And what's more," Fraser added; ''it looks to me
as though more than half the men on our staff are for
that bill and are hoping to see it pass."
Dunne had suspected this for · weeks.·
"We aren't gettiOg the right kind of stuii," Fraser
repeated.
"I don't know of a better man to put o~ this story."
said Dunne. with a growl.
"Oh/ Tiiat's easy enough, Dunne," said Fraser, with .
a wink; "we've got the right man- " ·
''Who?"
"You."
This was a neat compliment, Dunne thought, and it
pl~ased him immensely. Dunne put fire and vigor Into
the fight. The men behind the paper chuckled, for
they saw that they were getting what they needed"the right angle."
Dunne fought like a tiger-he threatened, be bullied, he lied, he screamed, he moaned-he used dozens
of cartoons, he did everything in his power to work up
sentiment against the bill. He roared at the reformers,
accusing them of all sorts of crimes; he made life uncomfortable for them. The headlines, day after day,
week after week, counted. Dunne brought up a number
of side !$sues to cloud the real iss ue. He sort of
muddied the water, said Fraser.
"You're doing fine," said Fraser; "keep it up.''
And Dunne obeyed. "The trouble, " said Dunne, "Is
that we · are on the defensive. Even though we· are
pouring the hot shot into them, they are still on the
offensive." With a thump on the table, be added : "I
want THEM to be on the defensive! Not me!"
• Mr. Fraser liked the idea, but he didn't know just
what to do. Dunne solved this problem. Attack them
-simple enough. He made a number of sensational
charges against the floor leaders and the Governor.
He ~ade serious charges, the kind that make people
talk, and, it wasn't many days before the Governor and
his fighting lieutenants were on the defensl ve; they
literally had to fight to save their reputations-and the
result was-well, that doesn't matter; the point is that
the bill was forgotten; tile point of attack was shifted;
the Issues were muddled and the girls were left where
they aiways were, with starvation wages. This, it was
generally agreed, was a master st(oke on Dunne's part.
He had his way about things. He bad argued that
girls would "never go wrong on account of low wages
if they weren't bad by nature." He bad argued that
"low wages do not drive girls into the street.'' His
department store was saved many thousands dollars,
Oh, by the way, Laura Knight was one of the employes
in Dunne's store. That is to say, she was there until
some weeks ago. Dunne met her one night and was
astonished to learn that she had become a prostitute.
..Strange things happen, Dunne thought. "She never
---»~-a~~~~~Sft·e-w6ft
might have married her!
escape!
·what a narrow
J
�The Western Comrade
299
•
Putting the "NOW" :Into Socialism
An Interview With a Woman. Wizard
By CHES.T ·ER . M. WRIGHT
A CERTAIN little woman whose
physical !Jeing is housed a great part
of the time in the offices at Socialist
state headquarters, and . whose sp.! rit
· roams out over the whole wide world,
ever is permitted to make half of her
.
dreams come true, it will not be at all
strange if folks come to call her a Burbank of Socialism. That's the sort of
.woman Marion Israel is.
Woman's state correspondent, is her
official title, though why it is remains to be made plain.
Corre~pondent is inadequate and meaningless: It does
not describe au official who is aflame and fairly bursting with energy and great, big plans. But this has not
to do with official titles and dry figures. It has to do
with the personality and th'e plans and the dreams of
the woman who wears the title. I think perhaps it
ought to be called a story of regeneration, or of construction.
Last year the women Socialists of the state adopted
the s logan, "A 50 per cent woman membership." At
that time the woman membership constituted 13 per
ce nt of the California Socialist Party. Since then
it has gained until now it constitutes 22 per cent. Taking into account the number of men who leave their
locals during the summer for unavoidable reasons, and
who return again later, however, the probable a ctual
incre<Jse has been som e what less than the figures indicate. Comrade Israel thinkS a fair estimate of th e
present woman membership is 19 per cent. a gain of
6 per crnt.
But this slogan doesn't mean a great deal to the
woman's correspondent. She isn't obsessed with the
idea that there must be a woman in the party for every
man. That doesn't mean that she isn't striving to inc rease the woman membership. Not at all. But it
means that the !lpirit in which she is going about her
work can't be expressed by figures. H er conception of
the• task is not expreBsed by arithmetical characters.
" To say that we want a 50 per cent woman membership
sounds dry and inadequate," she says. "What we want
is an awakened womanhood. We want the whole of
the horne in the movement. I don't see how we can
grow as we ought when the burden falls on half of the
home. A 50 per cent woman membership indicates
united homes and united sympathies."
The meaning of that seems to be that the entire
family must have the same consciousness, the same
ideals. tlJ e s ame zeal ; that the hom e must he a unit
for Socialism. That is where Comrade Israel translates
cold figures into terms of living energy; that is where
she transmutes them ' into a bond of throbbing human
s ympathy.
Back of this is a keen undertsanding of the wonderful part which woman may play in the social revolution, a thorough knowledge of the economic part
woman has played in the past, and a tine conception
of-tbe-mtutne' ·n wl1ieb {)Ci
erees ·n :ir
s aYe
worked to fit woman for the great task that just now is
before her.
·I
F'
Let us now get some of the ideas of this woman.
They may come as ·something of a shock to some SocialistS', but put them to the acid test before you undertake td contradict her.
"Suffrage bas not changed the situation, so far as
we , are concerned, very much," she · says. - ~' i'ou see
the. s.uffrage movement was mainly a movement of middle class women and women of 'the capitalist class. Of
course there were reasons for that, ·and they )Vera
chiefly economic-that is, economic condiUqns gavle to
the middle class women the opportunity to make the
fight."
The discuss ion of suffrage and its results; which
Miss Israel thinks are not quite clear yet, brought out
the question of solldarity and the assertion that "there
is more of solidarity today in the woman's movement
tlian there is among the women of the working class.
This is so," she adds, "because the Socialist movement
has not attempted to reach the women of the working
class. They are new to organization; they haven't
been in any tight ; they don't close in on issues. The
spirit isn't there, yet."
But It must never be imagined that there is anything
negative about \he philosopl1y or planning of this little
woma..n. There is too much of snap in the eyes, too
much of vitality in the movements, too much of spontaneity In the thought, too much of verve and go to
the entire make-up of this person for any negation to
long hold sway.
"But, you r.an trust woman to do the right thing,
once she is awakened," she .said, with a smile over her
face. "You see, it has always been the spirit of woman
to give; never to take. The spirit of. labor is to take;
not to give. That Is why the s ocial service idea is
going to develop so strongly hi women. I do not say
this as a" disparagement of labor. That is just the way
things have developed; that is all. Woman has always
been kept in service. She has not the spirit of gain.
She has the spirit of give; the spirit of service. Of
co urse we've been stunted and dwarfed, but all that experience is not to be lost, for now the race, or society,
is w reap the benefit from the development of· that
conception of service for the sake of service."
I couldn't help but halt the rapid tlow of ideas at
that point ; It was so big that !"'Wanted a moment for
digestive operation: "Yes, you might call it a great
equation," she answered to my question. "All through
the long ages of the past women has been held to a
certain restricted sphere by the dominant male, and
now the very traits that she acquired because of her
age - long economic position of Inferiority are to burst
forth in glorious bloom to do trojan work in the conquest for ra<'e freedom!" Shakespeare should have bad
something like that to s1ng of!
Dut I became insistent in the quest for "How" and
"Why" and "When." And Comrade ,Israel is just as
keen about that part of the· program as she Is about the
great dream that over-lays and mothers it.
- --H1or-answ:e
lr'tlnl1
m
o
the Socialist movement. There are many good and
true Socialists who will scent danger here. They wm
�300
The Western Comrade
predict a straying from t he straight and narrow path
o! the revolutionary doctrine and a compromise with
reform. But they will be wrong, absolutely.
"What to do? Yes, that's the ques\!lon. Now, woman
has alwavs bad the details of life to attend to. She has
bad to ~ake good in details. She •~as bad ' to run the
home, to feed the r a ce. The best exposition of the
'nnw ' spirit that I know of is found in the co-operative
movements of Europe. I am speaking of a practi<:al way
of tioing something now. '\'omen would take. to the cooperative idea. Women do the buying for the family,
It is the woman who has to check over the growing
grocery hill at the end of the \,·eek. It is the woman
who has to make income meet outgo. If the Socialist
party would take up the co-operative work it would
appr:al to women.
··w,. are going intc a long and hard fight and we
need a <"om mi~sary department. !'\o g.fneral thinks of
taking hi~ army into battle without a commissary. He
plans his food supply. Suppose that in time of strike
1\"P could turn to the commander of the industrial army
and say, 'Here, we will feed these men while they
fi~ht! · The economic pressure is bearing down so hard ,
its ''"'~ ight is increasing with such startling force that
something must be done now to lift a part of the weight
whi iP we tight on towa rd the ultimate goal. If we cau't
tind a way to ease the burden our peace ful revolution
may IJe lost in a revoltition of violence."
Here the rp:iet little person whose name is written
on official record~ as "state woman's correspondent,"
f1:tmcd likr 'I woman l\·Jose!> pointing the way from
bondage. "' 1 feP l like shottting to th e ,,-omPn- all of the
women- ' Yflu"re the \\'omen of the reYolution. \Vh ether
yo u are in ~~·~n p athy with it or not, \\'h e ther you kn ow
it or not, you're the wome n of the reYolution! ·
" Th f~e was He len :\1cKee of San Diego. who saw
lH·r hushanct go to jail and returned to her home to
fac·e tlH' pro ble m of feeding her fam il y until he should
he releaf<Pd. She was a \\'Oman of the revolution. You
other wom ~ n o f th e reYolntion- you have th e same
prol.Jiem to far·e. You \\'ill probably not see your hu sbands locked in jail- you are far more like ly to see
th e m locke d out of the factory- locked out of a job.
You women of the r evolution. you've got to k eep the
peo ple clothed and fed. You'\'e got a struggle to go
through in th e n ext fifteen years. You've got to brace
yourselves for that struggle."
"And if you can take the ca pitalists' consume rs away
from th em .v ou will have touched th em in a vital spot.
The women will support thi s iu ea and they will bring
th e ir wealth of devotion to it."
"And what do you find that indicates a pros pect of
immediate action in the direction you speak of?"
"The state executive committee of the Socialist
party has appointed a committee on co-operation. and
there·~ one w0man m e mber on that committee.
For
the~ first time the party has officially moved in th e direction of this great line of progress-this line that opens
to woman the opportunity s h e longs for to show what
she can do. It's the first step toward putting more
'now' into our Jlarty move ment."'
None of this planning for the big idea has operated
to lessen the strug;gle for an _in creased woman members h lp. The point that must be mad e clear is that the
struggle for a 50 per cent wom.an m eml.Jersbip is not
being mnde for th e sake of numbers, but for the sake of
un ity. Just a fe w figure s t"o show how that unity is
coming. Two hranches in the state have a 50 pet· cent
woman m e mbership. They are North Fruitvale and
..Ruck..Ridg . • L.al'!t:---June Berkeley lo-cal lmd 1:9 -v;··mnen;
now it has 45. East Alameda has come up from 13
to 23, and Elmhurst from 9 to U. North Oakland bas
come up from none to 7, tbougn Branch Oakland itself
bas lost in woman membership. In San Francisco the
twenty -fourth district branch has doubled its woman
membership, the twenty-ninth district bas made a 50
per cent gain, as has the thirty-first. The thirtieth has
doubled. Other San Francisco branches have about
held their own. But the general gain is clear.
'We are urging the women to hold meetings e\·erywhere," says Miss Israel. "Whether we balance our
membersh.i p depends upon the women in the party, In
San Francisco a series of meetings is being held. At
these meetings the discussion is not confined to Socialism. They discuss child labor, department stores
a nd such matters as that. It ali leads to Socialism."
· Here I got a surprising illustration of what Miss
Israel meant when she incklded all women in her ca!J to
"you women of the revolution." It indicat es that women
are quick er to see where social justice liEs than men
have been; that women are more sensitive to' the call
for social service and that they strike more uperringly
at the root of social evils.
""Let me ill ustrate," said the woman's correspondent.
" \\' hen th e last legislature \vas in session Los Angel es
club women s r. nt a lobby to Sacramento fight for
humanitarian legislation. Among the things they
wanted was a Ia w to keep children out of street trades
at night. They wanted a number of other th ings calculated to benefit women and children who work. And
th EY did not get all that they wanted. They saw, just
from the experience of that one session, that their real
enemy was the profit system, and one of those middle
class women told me. as a result of what she had seen
in one legislative session, that there was no remedy
except the .destruction of the profit system as contemplated in the Socialist p r ogram."
· Comrade Israel is trying to make the Socialist moYetnent of the st2te set> her vision. She is trying to make
a ll Socialists see what the woman's movemen t can
mean to the Socialist party-what a great devotional,
sacrificing army is here to be recruitied and brought
in to the struggle for race eman cipation. "The really
esse ntia l work is to reach the whole membership." she
says. Mi ss Isra el pins h er faith in women, not because
she is a woman, but because she knows women, their
history, their psychology, their aims and sympathies.
Sh e believes that the qualities in woman that are called
esse~tially womanly a re in fact essentially social; she
believes that woman, while possibly less class conscious than man, is vastly more r a ce conscious. And
because of tha t s he has a great amount of faith in the
middle class woman who now is doing he r thinking and
her social worl{ in woman's clubs and federations. But,
she declares, women soon find that the profit system
stands before them to halt their good effor·ts, thus turning them naturally to the Socialist organization.
'"That's why 1 have faith in t1'ie m ass of women working
for social ends and why I believe th ey will be a valuable
additiqn to the Socialist move ment. The only fitting
s phe r e fo r tliE, modern e nfranc hised woman is in the
Socialist and labor movement."
Ru t Miss Jgrael believes that to set this great feminine forc e in motion there must be established a 'now'
incentive to which her energies and sympathies will
naturally center. And when you see the manner i,n
which she can s ummon the 'no w' expression to her
face, you begin to have an idea that it will be a good
plan to s tick around and see what happens. For there
are going to he things happening. A 50 per cent woman
membership?
No, not exactlr. A ~el:S.hi.p ..oL
equality and nnity. The entire home o~ th e tiring line
-and things doing now !
�The Western Comrade
On the Passing
'
301
of~ Tammany ·
By .William Morris Feigenbaum
..l~l~
,~'!'~~~'!'~• AMMANY is dead! So rang the cry from
thought struck terror to their valiant hearts. So they
city to city last November. The forces
traded their :votes for a few nominations for minor
of light were jubilant. At last, ch ' rtled
ofll~es and .one, third of the city ticket.
they, our fair city can be ruletl honestly.
There was one man who is the most informed and
At last we will have that 'greatest . of
best qualified to tell of Tammany In its most vulnerall goods, honesty, efficiency and ' econable spot, vice and crime and the unspeakable corrup.
omy. And thereby hangs
tale.
tion of the police. That man is District ·Attorney
The political campaign that has just
Charles S. "i hitman. He was not nominated by the
closed in New York was the most refusionists for mayor-for political reasons. He was remarkable ever waged in he metropolis.
nominated by fusion for district attorney, and endorsed
As. a result, Tammany Hall, · t he most
by Tammany and the Prohibitton Party! So throughout
interesting political organization in America excepting
the enti1·e campaign this e loquent voice was stllled,
onb· 'the Sociaiist Piirty, wJ!) have to undergo radical ·
bought off, bribed!
o1·erhauling. As a r esult BigBusiness is runnfng the
John Purray Mitchell; a ·youth of 34, a ~ember of an
cit_,. direct. rath er than through agents as formerly ;
old Tammany family, was nominated because he was
and as a final result, Socialism and the Socialist Party
spurning Tammany after living on Tammany jobs for
are placed in a n impregnable position, with victory in
thirteen years. He early· pledged himself to lower taxes
l' ight.
·
·
to a "business" administration, and private operation of
Ta mman.\· was an organization of Jootei'S. There is
city-built subways, upon which Wall Street and Vincent
no doubt of that. But Tammany has always believed in
Astor emitted three cheers.
the doct rine of live and let live. The henchmen 'of the
But dissensions in the fusion camp led many to beorganization were always sure of prote<;tion . Hence,
lieve that McCall was a sure winner. But he was an
yea r after year, there was a solid, rock-boi:tom · Tamegregious ass. He talked too much. He promised
many vot e that cou ld not be dislodged with. a charge of
lower taxes, no civic centers, no seaside parks, and so
dynamite. They kn ew that Tammany was with them ,
on. Upon which, real estate men arose on their bind
and so th ey gav e lo yall y all they had-their votes.
legs and cheered vociferously. Mitchell promised the
The~· never asked qu estions as to principles. · They
same. But neither uttered a word as to schools, pubnel'e i' inquired as to the platforms. They knew their
lie health, housing, or ·any WOI'klng-class problem .! ·
friend s. and as the hierarchy stood loyally by them, they
The one thing that turned the tide was the firing of
loyall y s tood by th e hierarchy, r egardless of looting
Sulzer. Murphy bit off more than he could chew. One
and grafting and general dishonesty.
• John A. Hennessy broke loose and told all about TamIt must be said that Tammany did yeoman service
many graft and a certain $25,000 check that Murphy
for Wall street. Th ere is the subway, for example.
either did . Ol' did not swipe. The air became blue.
That was built by the city at a cost of $54,789,023.04,
Sulzer shrieked that Tammany Insulted his wife and,
and promptly turned over to the Belmont group. Meanon a public platform, kissing that excellent lady, vocifwhil e, the city is crying aloud for money, the public
e1·ated that he never hit women below the belt.
works are choked, and there was made a clear profit
Meariwhlle, a splendid ticket, headed by good old
of $31 ,746,217 .64 from October 27, 1904, to August 31,
Charlie Russell. was fighting the good fight of Socialism.
1913, on that city property. while the city got In rent
Millions of leaflets were distributed, thousands of
onl y enough to pay interest on bonds and a bit to put
sp eeches were made, \vonderful meetings were· heldinto a sinking fund, hut not one cent for public use.
and not one lin e of thi s percolated into the ca'pitallst
This pretty bit of financiering was pulled off prlncipress.
pally by Tammany, and the nomination of Judge Edward
· Tammany! Tammany! Tammany! shrieked speakers,
E. McCall for mayor was deeply gratifying to th e
preachers, editors, until their faces and the air were
IntE"rboro Rapid Transit company (Belmont) as there
blue.. It was made a moral Issue, this adventurous gang.
is now going on construction of subways six times the
Then the votes were counted. Th.e re were various
magnitude of the present lines. McCall is perfectlY
results. Enumemted they are: First, Mitchell, 350,000
satisfied with the present method of public guarantee
votes; second, McCall, 224,000 votes; Tammany cleaned
of private profits. So, also, by the way, Is Mayor-elect
out; third, 32,109 men cut through all the frau'd and
.John Purray Mitchel! But that by the way.
pretense and red tire and-voted for the working class.
Last spring the voice of Holy Reform was heard
That means that Tammany wUI have to reorganize
stridently in the land, saying, as ever: "Tammany
"honestly," just as "Honest John" Kelley followed Bill
delendo est," which being translated into United States,
T\veed . Big Business in New York requires organlzais rendered thus: "Raus mit Tammany!" Usually it
tion. Only the "ruff stuff" must be "cut out." There
was the Re publicans, the "goo-goos" and the antiwill be a soul-searching time. But an honester and
Tammany Democrats. This year there was a new elewiser Tammany will emerge, Phoenix-like, and stay on
ment-the Bull Moose. This Interesting . party . had
the job some more, untilpolled 193,000"votes in New York City the previous fall.
Until those 32,109 Socialist voters (a gain Gf 200
\Vith such a vote. a real party such as, e. g., the
per cent since the last mayoralty election) so leaven ·
Socialist Party, could write every law by the very real
the lum p that we will be the ruling class.
power of being on the outside, militant, defiant and unThe election in New York was enlighteni-ng. It
compromising.
showed New York to be-what it Is, a lot of wellBut to those gentry, Social Reform was a matter
m eaning, good-natured, honest-hearted chumps. And it
bll
cffj,ce
an
e
I-d--lrnutlf-"- -ctelretcmed woudertt:rt-S<mnt11
e g , a magn cent
Munsey, they ·begged Fusion for a job. They could not
vote, that will grow. that will never strike Its colors,
bear the thought of being hungry and jobless. That
until the red flag is unfurled on City Hall!
a·
J
�:i02
The Western Comrade
.,
T'h e Socia1ist Movement
in California
f
By
ARTICLI<~
STANLEY
III.
~:=;;iiiij~ N ANCJENT legend tells of a maiden
II
sent to Alexander from some conquered
province. She was very beautiful, but
the most remarkable thing about her
was her hreath, ·which was like the perfume of the richest flowers. It was soon
discovered, however, that she had lived
all her life amid poison, breathing it,
and · that her body was full of it.
B'lowers given to her withered on her
breast. Insects on which she breathed
perished. A beau tiful bird was brought into her room
and fe ll dead.
The upas tree which grows in .Ja\·a has an acrid,
milky juice which contains a virulent poison. According to a story told by a Dutch surgeon a hundred years
a!!'O, the exhalations of this tree are fatal to both animal and vegetable life. Birds flying over the tree fall
dead. l\o flower or plant will grow near the tree.
My sojourn in that section of California just at
the point where the Sacramento valley begins, in the
regio!l of f'enuet aud Redding, recalled with striking
\·ividne~s theHP stories.
He re are the great copper smelters, whose poisonous
fumes have spread a scorched and withered mantle
ov<.>r the fac e uf the e arth. The trees on the hillsides
and all forms of vegetation ha \·e succumbed to the
poi:;onouE' brPath of these blighting agencies of capitalism J<j ven the moss on the rock8 is unable to withstand the withering curse incessantly utte red from the
throats of these monsters of the system.
Redding. su rrounded by nature with some of her
ehoicn.st gifts in soil and rock, with the Sacramento
river semi-circling around It, is yet th e deadest city
In California .
I asked a business man of Redding what made the
c ity so dead. He surn med it up In these words: "The
smelters. They have killed agriculture and horticulture with their fumes, and they have filled the places of
Amerl'can workers with the cheapest of foreign labor."
A banker complained that the only business he did
was to handle the money of foreigners being sent to
the old country. "How can a community prosper," he
askEd . "wh en its lifeblood is being sapped in such a
manner?"
At Kennet I talked with a young electrician. He
works for the smelting company there. He complained
of the greed of the company, remarking that when cop per was low th e company urged that it was unable to
pay livlug wages..
J
"Now," he said, "copper. is twice as high, and l]l;6 is
the cost of living, but the company has not increased
wages any. I tell you, I have had my eyes opened. I
have found that we can't buck a great corporation like
this. The only thing to do is to jlut s uch properties as
mines Into the hands of the people, so that the people
can get the benefit, instead of a few greedy capitalists."
.The S.ocia.list locals at .both Ksnn&tr-and Redding- are
in an Intensely struggling condition. It seems to me,
B. WILSON
however, that if the Socialist Party could devise some
way of reaching the foreign e m ployes of the smelting
companies it would not be a too-difficult task to get
t hem under· the red banner of the world-wide brotherhood. Many of these workers are ripe for the revolution. They become inoculated with the spirit of revolt
"' against the universal enemy in their home countries.
Besides they are alway~ eager to listen to speakers·
who can address them in their own language on any
subject.
I
From Redding we went to Cottonwood,. following
the trail of the days of the '49 gold rush. Cottonwood
is an old town, into which has come a new s pirit. · It
is in the midst of a fine farming section. While the
Socialist local is small, there are a few of the ranchers
and several of the rancbless who are of the faith.
There is an excellent opportunity for a Socialist organizer to build up a strong local. Single tax is making
considerable headway here.
I lectured in the County Court House at Red Bluff.
The comrades had requested permission to bold the
meeting outside on the lawn, on account of the heat,
but the county grand dads refused, though consenting
to allow one of the court rooms to be used. Vvhile
standing behind the railing which incloses the macbiner:: of justice when it is in operation, addressing the
audience seated in the seats allotted to the curious
when <>aid machinery is in motion, I could not get out
of my mind the thought that some sweet day all such
places will be used for disseminating great life messages, instead of hearing the plaints of the \'i c tims of
a lawless and lawyer-infested system.
Red Bluff is in the center of a fast-developing section. There are many sma:iler towns where Socialist
locals ought to be organized.
At Orland•! found several real live-wire comrades.
"'c had a fine meeting in a picture theate r. I don't
know a place with a better nucleus for a healthy Socialist organization . But, like too many places in
California., it cto~?s not get nearly enough assistance
from the ontside.
Gridley was au agreeable surprise. A Socialist does
not need to hide his light under a bushel here. The
membership of th e local is not large, but each member
is a devout believer in the great .world movement.
They are all busy folks, however, and with the aid of
an organizer could build up a splendid local. Found
several of the members of the Mormon colony nearby
identified with the movement.
""
Colusa, in the new rice belt, bad written me for a
Sunday evening date. The comrades were unable to
secure a ball, so they went to the county officials and
secured permission to hold the meeting on the Court
House grounds. . Had several warm personal friends
here, among them the district attorney and a large
ranch owner, who, though not Socialists. did e \·erything they could to make the meeting a success.
lt was arranged that l should speak from th e s teps
- ~f the -connty-jatl. Wtren I asked th-e -disffic1 art.orney
if the phn was to push me inside and lock me up, be
�The Western Co::nrade
said: "No. But perhaps you can see the appropi'Iateness of a Socialist speaking at the door of an empty
jail." There was not a single prisoner in the jail. For
two hours I spoke the message of the new world •herein the Inhabitants will not be" Impelled by the lncen-.
tives of beasts but of humanity and brotherhood.
Encountered at Chico a delightful aggregation of
comrades. They had secured the high school auditorium for my lecture. Jn many localities the comrades have been holdin~?: their meetings in school
buildings. One of the most interested of my hearers
was one of the high school teachers. He remained
after the lecture and discussed Socialism with me.
I can see a great future for our movement in Chico.
The comrades are alert and willing to help in every
way they can. This would he another splendid center
for the activities of an organize.r. A fine study class
could easily be arranged.
Oroville. one of the oldest of California cities, is
still holding its dream of gold. Several dredgers are
still at work, washing the yellow parti~les out of the
earth and from among the bowlders. Immense areas
of the section haYe gone through the process. Most
of this ground was work<'d by the fortune hunters in
the oJd da.vs. who sought principally for rich pockets.
:303
I was greatly surprised to see large orange and
lemon, groves adjacent to Oroville. Some of the finest
citrus fruit in .the state is grown here. · The crops are
all gathered before our Southern California crops are
ready for picking.
Socialism .has not made much progress In the way
of organization at Orovtlle. One of the drawbacks to
our movement is the fact tbat the place Is generally
. In the throes of a wet and dry struggle. It Is dry now,
and strenuous efforts are being made to make it wet.
In all places where t his struggle is on, our movement
is making but little progress. This struggle seems to
absorb all Interests and activities of the people.
The territory covered In this article is an empire in
itself. It is one of the richest stretches of country In
the whole world. Yet the hand of progress is just beginning to touch it into development. The influence
of the gold-mad pioneers is gradually being supplanted
by the sarier nfethods of agriculture and horticulture.
liere-in all this vast territory throbbing with the
first impulses of a saner civilization-is, to my mind,
an arena for the great world-drama depicted by Upton
Sinclair, su.ch as exists nowhere else. · And yet, just
think of it! There is not a single Socialist or.ganizer
engaged actively in all this expansive empire!
The Case Against Man
By BRAME
HILLYARD
This article is published because of the information it contains concerning the motives and methods of a
group of women who are making things quite interesting for Merry England. This magazine does not believe
that feminism is anti-manism, but it does believe that it Is Important that the working class should be fully
informed as to what is being done and on what is being believed by fighting organizations everywhere. For
that reason this article is published. It disseminates knowledge that is exceedingly interesting and it is couched
in terms that are, at any rate, not antagonistic to the subject matter under consideration.-The Editors.
I[!!]
P.!!!~~~~=tA VJNG
JUST received from England a
recent copy of ''The Suffragette," the
official organ of the militant women,
with a stirring week's record of man ~ slons,
railway depots and haystacks
~ burned rJown, letters in mall boxes destroyed, statesmen importunately "interviewed" at garden parties and at
social functions, ''great speeches" of
"great men" ruthlessly interrupted,
women flung out of meeting places and
violently mauled by passionate crowds, and with its
articles breathing the bitterness of sex-conflict unmistakably inspired with the anti-man spirit of the
militants- it occurs to me that it will be useful to state,
for the readers of The Western Comrade, "The Case
Against Men," as conceived by Christabel Pankhurst
and the fighting women.
•
Firstly, Miss Pankhurst is teaching English girls -to
avoid men as they would avoid lepers. She warns
them that 75 per cent of civilized men are in a con dition of loathsome venereal disease which makes them
prolific centers of infection and wholly impossible as
associ.!Ues .for girls. And... wiU1 rega-l'd -t-<l t:h{)se ·- glrls
who, from sheer ignorance of the facts. enter into the
marriage relation without first having their prospective
husbands subn1'1tted to a medical examination, she
adduces reliable estimates to show that 90 per cent of
them are infected by their husband's diseases, and that
it is to this fact that must be attributed the early Joss
of health and beauty, the lassitude and suffering, the
category of female diseases, which almost invariably
overtake them. The probability of the soundness of
this view is based on the quite recent discovery that
gonorrhea is not merely a local affection, but is as
permanent and constitutional as syplrtlis, that it is
communicated by contagion long after Its obvious evidences have disappeared, and that women are exceedingly susceptible to it, Its ravages In their case being
more serious than in the case of men.
This, in a few words, is· the "militant" estimate of
the "creatures" with whom girls have been encouraged
to "fall in love," to exalt into heroes, to whose domination, political, economic and intellectual, they have been
taught to submit. And It is believed that to spread
widely a knowledge of these facts amongst mothers
and their daughters wlil do more than anything else
to induce them to fling off that ancient domination and
to stand · on their own feet.
- Thts4>l'tngs us t"o- t1ieiuii amim aT Issueo tthe fight; _ __
for the women believe themselves to be struggling
against the archaic passion of a man to dominate a
�The Western Comrade
•oman.
A passion so clearly evidenced in the pages
Even those men wbtrhave themselves been
mastered by other men, those who have to obey orders
in field and factory, desire each of them to posses a
mastered women. I had an opportunity the other da_.of witnessing a re\'Elatlon of.this insf,inct in its primit ive form. in the case of a Mexican recently from
~texico. whose Impulses were not disguised by the
modern }Jretenses of ci'tiliz.ation. Thi& M:e~can had
II• t-n ot,eylng all dar. He had been carcying great
s tones, and tmtting them where he was told.·· He had
IJf't'n \·ery respectful. ·when his day's service was done
lu· we nt at night to his tent on the hillside and found
hi,; frijolas were not cooked properly, through shortness
uf fut'l. At once he picked up a club to beat his wife,
aru.l J'all after her as in terror she escaped to the mountHin H(Ojlf:'. \\'hen told that be was not_ allowed to beat
hiH wife in the United States of America, he said (I
will translate his IJitter protest): "Sqrely a man can
flog- his own wife!" In those words that man voiced
out> of the oldest instincts oj all men; an instinct far
o ld er than <;i \"ilizatlon and deeper, an instinct jpr
dow"inat ion. whether cruel or IJenevolent matters not,
wllic11 they ha\"e uni\·ersally satisfied, not because it
waK right, but hec:ause they were physically stronger
I l1an WOllltll.
But 1\"hPn I speak of this instinct for domination
lwing- older than ci\"ilization, l must refer also to its
llllld<'rnit.''· !w(·ause even in its crude and complete form
it lias bee u iudulged in until recent ·years. In 1869,
wllt>n J . S. Mill wrote his "Subjection of Women," he
11 <!H able to show that the position of women was indi~tiuguislled hel'ore the law, except in one single re" Pl'd, from the position of a slave. Thus . the wife
took tlH· uame of the husband, as did the slave the
ua me of his master. Not merely the wife's property
IJ11t her <--amings IJelonged to the husband, as the slave's
to his ma1-;ter. Neither wife nor s lave had any right ·
O\' (• r· their children. and again obedience was (as it still
i sJ out> of the conditions of the maniage contract, and
It wns itlHo a servile condition. Finally, a man could
ftol!; his wife then. just as slaves have always been
fto~~:ged .
Since lll ill wrote his masterpiece, some of
tlH•se ('ruclities have been refined, but it is of the first
importan<"e that our minds should be ,clear about the
nature uf the origin of the present semi-dependence
uf women upon men. Large numbers of people, amongst
whom Sot:iallsts are included. regard this semi-depende nt <·ondition as having some foundation in 1·eason or
natlll'l' . not to speak of divine ordinance. But, as Mill
shows a,; veh emently as a man of his gentle argulll!:'ntutivp habit of mind is capable, this view is wholly
unhl storlcal. It is in slavery, found not upon reason
hut UIIOn brute force, that we must find the origins of
woman's status. the present phase of the latter . being
a quite modem modiflcation of its original servile chara<'ter.
How about that ?
t'ht·i -tabel Pankhurst is even venturing a compari~>nn of the political potentialities of this aggressive
u1ale with those of the female species, to the advantage
f th e female. Man being utterly foul and corrupt in
hi~ llhysicat and mental life, he brings that corruption
into llOlitic -. \\'omen are by nature pure for the reason
that their s-ex is a ociated-wholly with the pure function of motherhood, whereas a man' sex is associated
u -ually and mainly with his pleasures. A woman's
.,.,·ery instinct i tllu bound up with the constructive
inU' rE''ts of I hE' race. and politics are een to ·be in dire
n d of hE'r PUI'ifying and upbuilding influence. Right
II I _. ru \\' Qf
e man stand! All through nature the
118- -ion for lighting, blood bed and destruction characof history.
terises the male pede
nd out of this pa
has developed
uch male ctla.racteristies
horns of a
tag.
MaiE' de tructlven ,
largely out or the impulse of aggrandiaem
of personalitY, i placed clearly in contrast tth the
constructive impulse of the female, in bieb ra
lntt>rests take unconsciou • in tinctive precedence of personal intere ts, and there are two great historical
figures, one of a man the other of a ' oman, bleb m~·
well stand as types embodying the contra, t referr d to.
·When Napoleon at 25 years of ag wa In th mid t
or the early victorie of hi Italian campaign and all
Europe ·as wondering about thi "wonderful youth,''
he was walking in a g~trdE'n in Milan on ev ning with
two of his friends. "Do you think," he murmured half
to himself, "do you think I triumph in Italy to mak th
greatness of the lawyers of the Dire tory ?'' Silen e
reigned in that Italian garden, but the n xt y ar of
his life reve1·berated with his reply to his o~ n qu
tion. No, he triumphed for his own aggrandiz m nt.
he deliberately prostituted to that purpose th mighty
impulse and idealism of th e French Re olution, and In '
pursuing his characteristic m.a le obsession, h dr nched
Europe in blood, and well nigh destroy d th French
race. But for this destruction ~apol on obviously annot bear the sole r esponsibility, seeing that he only
made use for his purpose of that passion for de truction in the men of France in obedience to which, almoi'l
cheerfully, they nearly put thE'ms l\·es as a ra<'e t
death. Who is there who will deny that Eut·op an
cil'ilization, fully prepared with all the necessary im plements, lies at this ve ry mome nt at the mercy of thl'
next Napoleon, commanding this archaic male lmtlUh:!l:'
of destruction? \Vho knows when he will arise?
If t!len we may take Napoleon a s a type of th male
in his aspect of destroyer (not his only asp C't, be It
noted, what figure shall we place beside him to typ!f~·
Woman the Conserver? The figu:·e which presents to
the imagination the full measure of the contmst Is that
of Florence Nightingale, and. of a surety. if In the blood drunken days of Napoleon's wars, the enslaved and
inarticulate mothers of France could have spoken, a·
F lorence Nightingale would have been their spokesman.
According to reliable advices. there have been recen t
narrow escapes from a European war. The news
columns of our papers are tense with tbis recurren t
danger, and we can almost hear the beating of thP
• wings of the war-demon. Socialists understand that
there is an economic factor at work in this breathless
issue, but nevertheless the considerations above described should hardly be ignored, and have an urgent
b.earing on the woman's suffrage question. It Is at
least interesting to note that in the very shadow of a
war worse than all the wars in which men have ever
destroyed one another in their ruthless history, th
English Liberals are relying on the "genius" of Sir
Edward Grey, and atA? bludgeoning, murdering, by all
mean suppressing, the only real peacemakers that live
in the world!
• • •
... • •
The ballot is mightier than emery dust.
"Philosophers ha\"e onlr interpreted -the world differently. The great thiug, however, Is to change lt.''Engels.
...
... ...
Christopher Columbus "d reamed of the new world.
He was dubbed a ,·isionary. But he proved his crlticll
dubs b-y-mak-ing-bi!Hiream -a -pracrtcal-reaitty. aoctatnrtlf
are dreamers who are building a practical reality.
�The Western Comrade
305
Socialism and the Single Tax
m
By 'DR. J. E. POTTENGER
I'!!~~~IIIIIII~INCE
the philosophies of Marx and
Henry George apparently differ fundamentally, I shall undertake to :point out
some features which are held in common and some which seem at variance.
Both are see-k ing freedom f<>r the individual. yet their methods seem absolutely contradictory. Marx attains It
•
through
collective
action;
George
through competition. I do not share
loiiOiiiiiiiiiiiiii;;;:;iiiiiii:=a with some comrades who assert that
George's program is solei~· for the pul'pose of 'conserving- the mi.Jdle class. It may be well to take up each
main feature of Marxian philosophy and economics and
compa re· the teaching of George.
·
ECONOMIC 11'\TERPRETATION OF HISTORY.
George's '' ritin gs abound in illustrations of this
prin<'inle s ho,,·ing t.hat economic inter€st determines
th1· co n'er,·atism of those who profi t from privi-lege.
In fact the foundation principle of political economy,
;.:a~s :"' · is that "man attempts to satisfy his desires
w i1 ~1 minimal exertion."
Surely no Marxian will contra dict that. but will recognize at ouce that it is the basis
0f !\1arx· histori cal method. de1·eJoped thirty years be~'f>rP Geor,:;e wrote his first book.
CLASS STRPGGLE.
(;,.orge nowh e re recognizes the class struggle as a
fac1. ' ' POn which may h e built a political and economic
1·lass movement. However. he depicts the misery and
suffering of the submerged and notes its revolts. He
continually speaks of classes in the Marxian sense. And
yet. today it is with much misgiving tnat the strict followers of George use tlw woi·ds "Class Struggle." One
of their leading publications calls it the Labor War
when the battle is on- a far less hopeful term. But it
would not do to exploit this class interest to the end
of making the workers masters of the political and industrial state. The sympathies of the Georgians bowever, are usually on the side of the laboring masses.
. LABOR TI:IEORY OF VALUE
George asserts with Marx that exchange value depends upon labor, but in the negative sense. Marx:
""The value of an arlicle is the amount of labor socially n€cessary or the labor-time socially necessary for
its production." George: "Value of anything depends
upon the amount of toil which the possession of that
thing will save the possessor." In other words the
purchaser will not pay more for an article than would
cost him to produce it. George's law was undoubtedly
valid during the age of hand manufacture when dil'ision of labor was unknown and abilities in production were fairly equal. But with the advent of modern
machinery and the varied technical processes, which
necessaril y require division of labor, each worker has
become dependent upon his particular knowledge and
skill and cannot change his vocation readily. The more
detailed his knowledge. the greater his handicap relatively. To offer him the alternative of paying the pr ice
asked for an article or making the article himself is
ridiculous. This Idea of value is linked up with the
IJ1EJeo , o~-&tttrai-Rig-ht-s,
e -vattrJtcy m 'Wlf!Nt IS a moot question. George assumes that his law of value
ran work equitably only under a condition where land
values are socialized. But even so, it seems to me that
nature (from whom George loves to draw upon for all
his principles) has set a barrier to the laborer in choosing his alternative. Moreover, after the laborer has
attained 35 ur 40 years of age, he can scarcely learn
a new technical process at all. This would apply in
a state of freedom as lt now applies under slavery.
THEORY OF SURPLUS VALUE.
George does not discuss this at all, though he shows
that much .of the value created by labor and which
apparently passes to the capitalist as profit really goes
to the landlord for rent, or is applied on ihe original
purchase price of land held at a speculative !price. The
Socialist asks: "Where does the capitalist get his
means to pay the landlord or speculator if not from
labor?"
We must admit that Marx did not clearly distinguish
land from the products of labor. Upon this distinction
is based the whole program of George. Land and other
natural resources are Nature-given. Wealth results
from the application of labor upon the former. The use
of the fo1·mer is a privilege because they are social
in their nature. Hence, taxation should fall upon those
who have the use of social values. As a result rent
would be taken by ·the state and the landlord class
with land speculation would be abolished. Now, as far
as land is concerned, this would accomplish almost what
Socialists desire except that George would leave title
· with the individua,l using the land. Communist Manifesto p. 45, says, "Abolition of property in land and
application of all rents of land to public purposes." Is
it not strange that the Socialist movement should have
failed to evolve a plan to accomplish that which Marx
places as the first feature of his program?
While we must admit that land and nafural resources differ from the products of labor in their origin,
we do not accept the Georgian position that only the
former should be socialized, leaving all other values
to. the exploitation of the individual. Knowledge in
general, inventions, institutions, etc.. are values social
in nature and these values should be exploited by and
for the collectivity. George is not concemed with the
enorrru:ms wastes of competition, and while his plan
does not speak against cooperation, it does not necessarily include it.
His idea of the Socialist idea is very crude and be
fails to get the spirit of the movement; Is much concerned about the awful ..bureaucratic administrative
state; aoo apparently has made no attempt to admit of
Democracy in the Socialist State.
N·o! Socialists can not accept the Georgian philosophy but we should study its practical program of
taxation, in view of the fact that It may enable us to
socialize land. More urgently, since we have evolved
no program of our own.
• • •
A CAPITAL IST IC GEN IU S
"I wouldn't associate with him. I understand he's
served a term In prison."
- " Tfm1:'
ue ou 1 was Oran offense involving a
million dollars or more; nothing really disgraceful, you
know."-Detroit Free Press.
�The Western Comrade
IT.'S JUST GOT
P.!!'!!'!!'!!'!!'!!'!!!!!!!!~ EVER
in all of my boyhood days did I
pass more anxious hours than in the
1 days following IIl.Y exposure to measles.
'"Will I get 'em?" was my continuous
question, hurled at every member of
the household a thousand times a day.
It c re pt insidiously into m-y dreams at
7
.
night and accompanied me to meals. It
•
·
took the keen edge off ~Y play and
"
·
tinged every passing tiuiuiht. And in
due course of time the measles came.
Sociallsm · is just as sure as measles-only more so.
And it will be much more satisfactory when it arrives.
Bnt in its coming it will be a lot like the measles,
coming in spots, taking its own good time to develop
and then flow ering out over the whole system in beaut ifni depths of color.
.
There are millions of people today who never heard
of measles nor Socl"allsm." But they are not "ci.vilized."
\\'hen civilization, which means capitalism, overtakes
them, they will get both- measles first and then Sodalism. Not that there is any actual relation between
the two, or any similarity- l.Jut jus t that l.Joth come, in
good time.
Millions of people today wonder if Socialism will
w me. They have heard of Socialis m. but they don't
know much about it. 3ome of them have heard that
it is something very had- worse than measles. Othe rs
have heard that it is something ve ry good- too good to
l.Je true. So they just wonder along, expecting that
mayl.Je some day it will come, like rain, or a cyclone,
or the July bath.
Some of these good people get interested enough to
a~:;k how we know that Socialism is coming- and that's
where things get interesting. Let's take a side path
for a moment and see what we can find that bears on
the f]uestion.
We'll likely have to forget about measles for th e
time being, sl.nce measles come to folks who are well.
measles being a disease. Measles make a well s ystem
s ick.
Our collective system is a sick system already . It
has a bad disease. It is mighty sick. You can hea r its
groans from millions of starving throats; you can see
its tears drip from the eyes of millions of be nt and
broken women as they toil toward untim e l~ graves.
You can feel the ache of its hardening bones if you
will but get down into the army of endless work. For
remember that wh ile it requires nearly $1,000 a year to
provide a dece nt living for a family, the average income
is below $500. Remember that thousands of little children are at work in mills and mines and factories before
they have reached their growth. Remember that the
number of Idle men and the - number of criminals is
incr easing every week. Remember most of all, that one
per cent of the people own ninety per cent of all the
wealth . These t hings have made the social system sick.
A lot of fo lks have come forth calling themselves doc tors and promising a cure for this disease. But they
have bee n quacks aud have ive n the patient cheap
pills of sugar and- watef: They didn't take timeto
e
N'
.
study the disease, so they couldn't treat it. The sickness is growing worse, the pulse beats are more feeble,
the breath is weaker.
Something must be done!
And that is why Socialis m is coming. There isn't
anything else to come.
Socialism is coming as the cure for the sickness that
is upon .us. Socialism is the cure of the expert for our
~:;ocial decay.
It just has to come.
But Socialism isn't coming just because some people
have studied out what ought to happen and labeled It
Socialism. Socialism is coming because it is the. only
thing that can come. Some people have studied the
situation and concluded-and likewise proved-that a
ce rtain thing will happen, and they have called that
t hing Socialism. They have shown us how we can help
to hasten it along and how we can guide things so as to
make the coming easier and safer, but that is all they
have done. Some folks have been scared because they
think Socialism is merely a scheme that some dreamers
have cooli:ed up and are trying to force down the throat
of the world. But that isn't the case at all. Socialis m
is something that is coming and that has been forecasted for us so that we may know what is coming.
They have proven the forecast scientifically.
The men in the weather 5ureau know that certain
atmospheric conditions produce rain. So they predict
rain. Their forecast gives folks time to prepare for
rain so that the rain may be of more value to them .•
It gives people a chance to co-operate with natura l
forces when the rain comes.
But the prediction of Socialism is far more certain
than the prediction of rain. Experts in social disease
know absolutely that Socialism wiJJ come. They know
absolutely that it is the only cure for the disease that
society has. If it should not come the poor patient
would die.
That is why Socialists look with such inexpressible
joy to th e futur~ and the eon}igg of Sociali§ID.. ..TW
know It means LIFE!
�The Western Comrade
0 COM.E
307
By CHESTER M. WRIG.HT
The reason that Socialists, who are the experts in
the treatm ent of the diseased social system, are so
sure that Socialism is coming is that. they know that
certain causes will produce certain effects. If you were
to see someone reach out and cut the rope that held a
grea t iron weight suspended you know that the weight
would fall. You know that if man s tanding beside a
fence that divided two fields were to be subjtlcted to a
(·harge l.Jy an enraged bull th e man would get into the
oth e r fi e ld--"-someho\1·. You know that good live yeast
will cause dough to ri se. You know that the inquisi til·e little tub ercle bac illus will cause tuberculosis and
that aged eggs will cause disgust at the breakfast table.
You can put the case of the coming of Socialism 'vert
plainly before you by taking the case of the ma:n a.nd
the bull. All you need do is to attach some lal'lels ~\)
the picture. Label the man society and label the bu!ll
evolution. Then write capitalism across the field in
which the man is while you inscribe the world Soclalism over the field into which he is about to be transferred. Natural forces wl11 do the rest.
. However, the coming of Socialism wlll · not be so
violent in its effect on Society. lt will be gentle and
pleasant and the landing will be effectfd gracefully, as J
if on a fluffy pillow, ratller than haphdard on the hard
ground . But the transition · will be just as sure. Yau
see it is simply the · result of natural causes; ·it can't
be stopped, or swerved. And we ·need it. too; The
field we are in has been tilled to the point where It Isn't
fertile any more. It doesn't support the masses of us.
The few have taken everything that was good and have
stored it up for themselves and the few fertile spots
that are left have been fenced in so that we can't get at
them. We just have to get over Into that other field
If we are to live.
You see I got over th e measles all right- had to or
I couldn't have lived . And just so society must get
over capitalism For, goodness knows, the poor thing
can't go on forever being sick of capitalism.
And here's hoping that no one gets mixed up about
measles and the fields and the fence and the bull. Those
were just terms, like the blocks the little shavers use.
And, by the way, that fence; that's nothing but a seesaw pile of dead Jaws that are kept there by the quaok
doctors. Our part in getting society well Is just to
take down that rotten old fence and to put a moving
sidewalk In Its place.
·
UNHERALDED HEROES
By DAVID FULTON KARSNER
• If it is true that "not all is gold that glitters," then it alsq is true that not all heroes are heralded as such. It Is
well that fitting recognition be made to those who, unfl i nchingly, face shot and shrapnel on a field o~llitary battle.
But what of those industrial soldiers who daily face explosions, mine cave-ins, fires and ' occupational di!Jeases"
on a field of commercial battle?
Every day they jeopardize life and limb. Year by year uncounted thousands of such men and women, industrial
heroes, go down to unnamed graves.
,.
Have we reached that period of social lethargy when these precious lives must be sacrificed in vain? Working
men and women are daily defending their country' s cause. They shed their blood for it, and die for it.
Their uniforms, overalls and gingham aprons, are no less inspiring than those of navy blue, tr i mmed with brass
buttons and gold lace.
· ··
Fabulous fortunes are spent yearly by our government to build giant battleships and to improve our military de·
fense on land and sea. Great care is taken for the safety of our military soldiers in times of civil conflict.
This is as it should be.
But tne same government that exercises such infinite care for its military arm should not be unmindful of the
care and protection it owes its industrial arm: Too many lives are wasted in mills, mines and factories • .
it ' is one of the most hideous scandals of the age to witness young g irl s leaping from lofty heights to certain
death to escape fire in an unprotected sweatshop. The same is true of our mines and railroads that claim the lives
of too many fathers, husbands and sweethearts.
·
A government that does not adequately protect those who dedicate their lives to its industrial service is aailing ...._
on roc.k.)! _s.eas.
LeLu.s bal.lDw _tb.c.._grO_IInd tlutt co.nta.i.n.s o.u..r i.n.d.un.rlal ~.ad-t.h~ unhcrald~e.s..J.ar _whQm JJO._ _
funeral d i rge was played.
�Tbe Western Comrade
THE
-A WAKEN I
. ay
I!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'I S
G
ELEANOR WENTWORTH
THE clock in the prison tower began
to strike nine. a restless stirring like
the fluttering of birds in t}le branches of
trees, began in the women's ward or
the Tombs. The common citizens of
New York, awaiting trial for various
violations of the law, were putting behind them another day reminiscent of
hard. ~<tone benches . and salt-peter
dosed food and were -prepatin'g for a
night on the pestilent _cots provided by
a magnanimous city administration. ~
Before the clock had chjmed the· last stroke, the
diek of the elec·trie switch sounded up and down the
three tiers of cells.
In the darkness that followed, the stirring continued
for a quaner of an hom· or so. In one cell a newspaper
was rrumpl ed up
In another someone yawned and
turned over in the c·ot. On the third tier where the
1111manageable, incorri~ible negresses were co~flned,
questionallle <'Onversations floated back and forth in
whispers.
At th e Plld of the quarter of an hour a silence ensued. It crept graduall~·. in;;idiously over the prison
like a phantom fear descending on the wings of the
darknesH. It crept c·loser and closer to the heart of
the prison and clutched it with an ever tighter · grasp.
The priwners la y ~asping in its clutches and yet
dart>d ;;carcely movp to throw it off. As they lay rigid
W<\iting for somt>thing to IJteak the spell, it seemed that
eo ns passed .
Htill the silence C'ontinued.
Then with startling suddenness a hea1·y body fell
with a dull thud upon th e sto ne flour of a cell. The
thud was followed l.Jy a :;('ream.
A harsh voice
(]uavered, "It is so cold . so c:oid. Oh God, it is so cold! "
Tlle·re was another SCI'(•am and the §arne voice reiterated, "lt is so cold. so cold, cold!" The opium
fiend, denied her drug; was facing a night of hideous
torture. Those who he a rei her agonized cries felt
their flesh grow clammy.
The phantom of silence 1nts 1·an(]uished, but a more
terrible one had supplanted it.
A negress on the third tier cursed volubly. "Shut
up, you dog!" she called angrily to the suffering woman,
who did not hear her. but merely continued hEr wierd
shrieks and moans. The negress ejected more curses.
As the curses subsided, sobs were faint ly heard,
growing loudEr as the disturbance of the opium fiend
ceasf'd for a lime. They echoed hollowly down the
em pty corridors like lost hopes seeking reinstatement.
There were prison sobs- beyond thE' understanding of
those who have not wept them.
The footsteps of two persons were heard in the
lower corrido r. They climbed to the second tier. A
light was turned on; a key scraped in a grating; a
door creaked open and was.. slammed shut; the light
was turned off again-and then the footsteps of one
person receeded.
The light which the matron turned on for a moment flashed upon the slight form of a girl out of
whose white>, rhildlike face there stared · eyes as wide
and black and wondering as the daisy's.
All night long 1h.~. so.bs. the. curses -ana t.fie---sePeams
continued, one after another or all together. Once they
were interrupted by wanton laughter. The girl with
tht> white fal'e !l.nd black eyes of the dai y lay motionless on her cot listening to them.
At dawn, when the sunlight crept timidly through
the high windows, throwing the shadows of the bars
like skeleton fingers across the floors of the cells. In
silent reminder of the imprisonment which vagrant
dreams may have cast into obJil·ion for a few . hours,
she stirred slightly.
Outwardly the night had made no change in her.
Her eyes were still as wondering and " ' ide and black
as the daisy's; she appeared as tenderly young as before. But inwardly she was a different jlet·son. The
tales which had come floating to her in the noises of
the night had seared white-hot across her l'hild mind.
The tempest with its roar. its lightning and violent
rain washes away the dust and debris and moistens
the earth that the flowers may bloom more sweet!~· .
tho it bows them down for the moment. So the ternpest which the girl had weathered during the night
bowed her do\\·n for the moment. but at the same time
cleared her mind of some of the debris deposited in it
by a sordid environment and a dogmatic religion, thereby making an opportunity for sweeter, broader thoughts
to grow. That night caused her to doubt-and to doul.Jt
seriously-the efficacy of the justice of the punishment
meted out in prisons for so-called malefactors. She
began to wonder if they were the real malefactor's.
When the matron came to unlock the cells, her keys
clinking against the crucifix fasten~d about het· neck,
the girl remembered with surprising indifference that
she had failed to tell the beads of her rosar~· the night
before. I<'or reasons s he did not analyse, it !>eemed
farcical to ber in s uch a place.
Durin,g the day, which the prisoners spent together
in a common enclosure, she became acquainted with a
number of her fellow inmates, divulging to them the
fact that she was named Ann and also that she had
no father. A stou t Irish woman, seeing that she re~tsed to eat either breakfast or dinner, offered her
some dainties. which had been provided by a solicitous
family.
As Ann pretended to nibble at the food, they drifted
into · friendly confidences.
The Irish woman remarked with cheerful unconcern. "I'm in fo r battin' me husband. An' what're you
in for. ehild ?"
Ann drew her mouth into a hard line and hesitated
bpfore speaking. But the·woman's kindliness overcame
her reserve.
:·\ve ne1·er had nothln' nice nor decent," she muttered. "Mother never had nothin' purty an· the kids
never had no fun. Mother alus a btmdin' her back
o\·er a tub an' the kids out on the street a sellin' papers;
an· me a workin' from eight in the mornin' till six at
night for four per. That's why I done it. Gosh, I guess
'twas wicked. but 1 couldn't help it. It's wicked .. too,
to let folks live so."
The stout woman placed an arm around hPr an<!
said, '·There, there now." sagely accepting it a:; logical
that Ann should explain why She had violated th~> law
before explaining how she had violate<! it.
., worked in the Fourteenth Street Store in t he
�T be Western Comrade
order depart.menli," contina:ed the g;iri.. '"When 81 gbi?s
alus got nice tllinga aJII'Otmdl her, s:h:e. Cltlll't help but want
·em; even with the priest a temn• yo every time you
go to confes~ion that llhey're the temptation of the
devil. When a girl sees halpp.~d! strong folks a
buYin' them IImrty things. she eafi't help p wishilll' her
folks was happy and wong too, not If she loves. 'em..an· I love my folks," she added tlerceiy.
"After a while I gets to thlnkin' abolltt ft so much
thnt I start to look for a chance to get some of th~m
purty things. An' when you start lookin' r·o r ·a chanw
rPal hard, ~·ou nearly alus find it. I found . mine. It
juH r·ome to me one day like a ftash. I said to myse'lf
t hat it wou ld be ju!>t as eas}" when I toolt down a enstomN's ordt>r to put her address on the duplicate that
got>!< to the store and put my address on the original
that goNo; with thP goods. In that way the stuff that wa s
ordNed went to my house instead of to the customer's.
I told rna that kind ladies bought the things for us, so
!<hf· wou ldn't worry where they come from. But the
,;tore detec·tive caught me at it. That's what I'm in
for:.. !-fer little frame shook with agitation a s she
(' l m<~•d her narrative.
The ~to11t woman calmed her with another "There,
th(>rP now.'' and asked, " How comes it, you're not in
thP ('hildn•n's Court ? You're such a tiny mite. I'd
hal!· ro lHJ H' m~· g irlie shut up here right clast to the
.. roo! ;u~· hard things o' the woruld as she'd never
rln Hlllt on hl'fore. Them polis is beasts to throw a litti t· tlowc•rin' ('hilr!N like you in wit' all the riff-raff
o' thl• city."
"Oh. yo" sPP," Pxplained Ann, "at the station where
thP.'' took mP first. the judge asked me how old I was
an· I sai d se1 ( ntf'en. So be said I was too old for the
t'hilc!ren's ( 'o urt - the~· don't take 'em down there over
~ iXt(>en -an · :;a id I'd have to be brought down here."
She continued in a way which showed that during
hPr fir s t night in prison there had been sown seeds of
ttndPt''ltanding that had already taken root-continued
in a way that would ha ve caused her priest to raise
hi ~ hands in horror and her mother to stare in amaze tn ent.
" An' I don't know that there's any cause to worry
ahout me bein' he re with them others as' you think so
mu ch worRe than you or me. I don't know as they're
any more riff - raff than I am. Maybe them that you
think are worse than us just had more things a hurtin'
'em than we did."
The Irish woman shook her head dubiously. "You'll
think diiTerf' nt whe n you're vlder," she said pessimistica !l~·.
•
•
•
..
.
•
•
•
•
•
The first day passed and others equally monotonous
followed. Ann began to wonder nervously when her
trial would come up. She inquired about it and learned
that one girl had been waiting three weeks for a trial
and another a month ·and still another six weeks, while
on woman, falsely a ccused of larceny, had languished
in the Tomhs six months waiting either for conviction
or discharge. On becoming acquainted with these facts,
Ann philosophically ceased to think of he r own case,
e xcept during the terrible nights, when she was locked
alone in her cell. She busied herself instead in contemplating tne peo11le about her. As she did so, she
found her ideas of right and wrong, of justice and injustice, of nuth and untruth coming more and more
into conftict with the ideas which had been expounded
for her by the priest since her babyhood.
She would sit quietly in a corner and attempt to put
h('rself in the _place of 'I'R>rious women about her. There
was curl ~· - t1aired, black-:.eyed, - vivacious Rosa, withher
e·1!&Jr-present smite. lt was said of b.er tb.a.t s.b..-e> Wa1!< •
harlot. Ann hadl nav-el' seen a b.all'lot until h~
day
m PFL~ althon&b at b.om.e she- b.ad. h~di vagu.tt It ,
cred[t.a..ble whisperings; a.bout them. to t:~
~•
_at
they we:re d ughteFs ol e-vil 1n looking at R~ ADn
thought that. she did not loo)t halt so much ttke a aU;Jtb·
ter of nn as did the sour old matnm. .b.o hall .ha e
her roughly by one aliJD when she was bi'Qug.b.t. in and
had said to her, "God'll euii'Se ye' fox bdaglng sorrow
on YOilr mother in hE.>r old age! "
There was another woman in whom Ann found herself strangely inte-rested. She was indicted for manslaughter. 1 A 'l'ery quiet, gentle, diminutive person wa
this woman. With a sense of having traveled a very,
Yery long way, Ann reealled how she would have felt
a week ago had she read in glaring headlines about a
woman who had committed a murder. Undoubtedly she
would have thought, "What awful people there are In
thf' world " And now she round herself sympatlletlo,
wondering what monstrous provocation such a gentle
woman m11st have had for such a terrible ,eed. Until
Ann herself had been caught in the wheel, she had
never given a thought to the possibility of a vindlca.
t ion for the deeds stamped by the law as crimes.
As she pursued her thoughts in this manner, new
vistas continued to open for her s'tralght ·ahead. She
was passing through that state of mind through which
all wanderers pass who strike out iu search of a new
land. She was becoming aware of the ugly dlahar.
mony of the land in which sh e Jived.
When she had been awaiting her trial for about a
week, h er mother paid her a visit. 'l'he little wrenlike woman crept in slowly, awed by the stone walls
and black, steel bars on all sides. She paused a few feet
a way from the bars · which separated her from Ann and
looked at her In a way that wns heart-rending.
"You HERE, Ann," she breathed. "You here! How
could you do it!"
And then Ann wept her flrst t ears. She had so
hoped her mother would unde rstand. She wanted her
to know the new strength which had crept Into her
daughter's veins when she ca st off stagnant. meekness.
But she did not und erstand. She me rely saw her
daughter as one who had falle n from grace; a s one
of whom the neighbors would s peak with opproblum;
iS one who had defled that which to God and man
should be sacred. It was not e nough fo1· Anu to know
tlwt her mothe>r would forgive he r. She wanted to !eel
that there waf. nothing to forgive.
As her mother stood before her, old doubts s wept
OVP·r her with a rush, clouding her new vistas. She
began to considet· whether s he was deserving ot condemna tion after all. Perhaps It was evil, a s the priest
said, to strive for things which one does not possess.
Conversation about the commonplace things of home
and about old neighbof's impressed old idea s more
forcibly, until she was in a hopeless maze.
. When her mother had gone, she continued to weep
bitterly. For days she stumbled in a mental labyrinth,
attempting to regain the point at which she had stood
before her mother's visit. While she was still struggling with conflicting ideas, the news came that on
the succeeding afternoon her trial would tak.e place.
Immediately she had a ditl'erent question to concentrate on. What awaited her in the court room?
On the following mprn.i.ng she sat bowed In a oor~
ner, counting off the dragging minutes and hours
which intervened between lrer and knowledge Qt wb#t
was in store for her. AB she sat thW!, a girl beside b.er
- nodded toward ti:Je little woman lndleted fm' JmlO-
�:310
The Western Co . r
slau~r.
by
witu> ..-as bemg
t!he m.airon.
""Slb.e'.11 t;oin' to CDurt
.~ said
o
baM l.lne.s all rlgb.t, an• her vitlb a
~Tell me about it," saitJ Ann.
"Sbe kept boarders."
the -
P'lie
-:r
e
Jontinned
rue
~-
ntt~dd.
eUttl
-
her .infcJl"'D&nt, '"'an•
did washtn' to support a di'Uilken h
and and her
llttre girl twelve ye:a.rs o d. One day she disco ered
A:bat whlle sb_e was out doin' wasb.in', the old man tum.ed
his daughter over to one of th' ooaiders to u:se and
took th' money to buy.drinks v;ith. When she :found it
out, she killed 'im!'
The girl sighed. "It's from one to twenty years
for manslaughter," she said, "an' I'm afraid the Court'll
be hard on ·her. .Alus got it in for women that kill
their husbands. Seems to be sorter les majesty to 'em."
"What became of the boarder?" questioned Ann.
"He beat it." ·
"
"An' if they send her up," gasped Ann, "th' lPd'll be
all alone?"
~
"Yep!"
Ann forgot about" her -own trial, which was grad. ually nearing as the slow hours ticked by. She thought
only of a gentle, sweet-faced woman, standing before a
j ury of men, attempting to explain to them the fire that
had leaped into her body whe n it was necessary to
strike for her young. She thought of a hen she bad
d
~
e
· tntb the
ground, whl
1UI
~ troo.D!n in wl
Mr · . t
Anrd for the first time in her me,
r
l 't t e
n
r.
of the daisy' a:nd
e bud,
The JJl&tron eame
th h~r bat
d eoat nd told
her it was time to go_ Wb.en he reaehoo the ero d
court room, sh~ looked about ~r h~ mtltber, but outd
not see her. So she turned her ntlnd agaln to th lh .
tle woman, probablY before a jud.~ at that moment tn
.'Orne other part of the pr on,
~An' the kld'll be alone,"
h
aid, "The kht'll bt>
alone."
·
As she murmured thl • h r eye grew soft 1\g{\ln,
Tears were dangerously near her lashes. In a moment
they dropped upon her cheeks.
A young man, handcuffed, itting beside her Ln the
row of prisoners, nudged her wlth j ht elbow.
•
"Aw kid! Don't start no weep now, plea~e. " he
begged. "You'll be home wit' mudder soon. Honest."
Always afterward in thinking or her, he wondered
how such simple word could have made a git•J',; eyes
so luminous.
(To be continued.)
HANDS VERSUS MACHINES
0 ONE "·ill d!·n.v that man ean support ate a factory by hirnst'lf. Jt l't•qtdr •s ma ny
him srlf h.'' hand labor, and do it in m en. .A:nd the produ ct i dist l'ihut ed among
som r what hettPr' st~· l e than is enjoyed many more m en. That is socializPd pt·oductiou.
Ninety p er cent of out· pt•oduction is socialhy most ol' the> slt11n populatiou of out· gr<>at
izeJ, the government tl'll. us. Ca pitalism is,
1·it ies.
just about ~ow ered to perfed iou.
'J'h!'u what "·ill you say to this '!
A r-re<•nt bullrtin is>n~t·d hy the United Stat es
Ninety p er ,>ent of socialized . pro<l.uct iuu
govrmment estimatPs that four and one-half m eans that in ~0 p er eent of th e things we
mill ion factory work!' t'S in this country pro- must have to sustain life th et•c is exploitation .
duce the cquiYah•nt of the hand labor of forty- :F'or exploitation and: tlrP factory system under
fiv e million men!
•
capitalism are insPpar·abl e. Bxploitatiou is
That means that 90 pet· ce11t of th e wol'l< is robbery. 1t is that process through which men
rlonc by machinery.
. get something for nothin g, hy vit·tue of own'fhnt. m rans that pr·odu!'! ion is ROCL\ ]_.._
ership of socialized tools of pr·o<luction.
l~ED !
'l'he only reli ef possihle must <•orne thr·ough
With that estahlishPd. \\'h!'t'P is tlw <liffi eu lty
socialized ownership. That is, ownerijhip n.ud
of imllrg-ut·nting Rol.'ialism '!
d emocratic managem ent of so('ia l tool!! by !IO·
Factory proJudiou m ea ns socialized prouueciety.
In that lies revolution anrl the com ing
tion. Bnt it is so('ializl'd production under
of Socialism.
cnpitn_list ownership.
Social·,ownership, under Soeiali!lm, will not
lR.the owner hip lit'S the ~\Toug. 1t is the
mean
that four and one-half mi1lion' men will
ownership that mn. t now lw . ocialized. That
do
the
work while the balance go idle an<~
i !he object of the rP\·olutionary .~ocialist
starving. It will m ean a product sufficient for
Party.
The tool of prodnetion-the fartorie - have all and a chance for all to produce enough to
bt' rome oeial t ool . u etl and nf'l.'ded hy the satisfy all the needs of a complete Hre of
.ocial body. X o otw num Ill'ed.· to or can oper- health, happiness and f'!_h_!cal fni_J_
ne_H!l.: - - - - -
�The Western Comrade
WHAT ABOUT 1914? ·
311
ocialist Party branches have done more or
· less of that sort of thing in one place or another, and never has it resulted in benefit to
the party, so far a is known at this writing.
It is all very well to say that the I. W. W.
stands for industrial unionism and that most
Socialists believe we should · have that sort of
economic orgimization, but as a matter of aetual fact the I. W. W. stands for 0111ething
entirely apart f~om that and for sontething
with which the Sociali~t organization has no
sympathy or tolerance-not that the Socialist
organization is intolerant, but that it is sensible
and understands economics and history.
To open the doors to the I. \Y. W. is to open
the doors to disruption, dissension, destruction.
The Socialists must lParn that IPsson. CONstruction and DEstruction c·Hnnot tr·avel on the
same train of cars. ,-r e are per·fectly competent to provide speakers for our own forums.
. we at·e perfectly capable of arousing all thP'
public iuterest that is needed, we arc perfectly
competent to go ahead and accomplish tlw
n~volution without any hell-raising "·indjammers interfering with the macl;inery.
I.>et it be made clear that thr Rocialist Party .
is run by those INSIDE and that the door is
open to all who care to come in and help. HUT
TS:ERE IS ONLY ONE DOOR!
HE 1913 election struggles are ov~r and
the Socialists · have more than a~ple
cause for rejoicing. But, while tlte ·day
for balloting has passed, the Socialist campaign goes on forever and we are now fighting
to\\·anl 191-!.
What ahout 191 -11 What will we do then 1
Every ~ocialist is interested in that proposition.
::'>J ext month 'I' he \V estern Comrade will tell
you something about what the ~oeialist Party
I'XJWcts to acc·omplish in the 1914 elections.
The \\'estern. Comrade has written to · every
state secretary in the union, asking for .a conservative statement of the outlook for the
1!J 1-1: Plrdions. N E'a rly one-half of the officials
writ t rn to ha vc answered. Those answers arc
" toni(·. :\Tor·roHJ'. they are a thrpat-to capitalism.
Hy tlw timP the nrxt number· of this magazine gMs to prc•ss the replies of almost all of
the srcretarics will he in hand ~md 'l'he 'Vestrru Comrade will be able. to · hri11g to ~'OU a
rrsume of the outlook from the conservative
viewpoint of tr·ained officials who have heen
schooled thr·ough the years to expect political
defeat at election time, rather· than victory.
And at this early date it is not too much to say
that_ the rpsults lool<ed for in 1914 will surprise
you. And what is more they will put you on
A HARD LESSON, IS THIS
figltting edge for yqur own campaigu.
E of the ~undamental lessons the AmeriBe sure and get the next numlwr of The
can workmgman has to learn is the les\Yt•stcm Com rad~·. for it will lw the• lllost vison of organization. And to many it
tlllly intcrrsting magazine you Ita v1• r'PIHl in appears one of the hardest lessons he has to
many a long day.
l<'arn. Jt seems difficult for thousands of perWhat about 191-lWe shall sc•t•. lll·Xt son~ who regularly vote the straight Socialist
month!
ticket to understand why they ought to be
within the organized party, paying dues and
• • •
• • •
AB~UT THE DESTRUCTIONISTS
0 M:A'rTER what the case mav be this
magazine believes it to be the .ntm~st of
folly for the Socialist organization to
offer a forum to speakers whose avowed pur~~~EH&~-~~~~~··~
helping conduct the affairs of the party.
In California less than om~-tenth of the Socialist voters are Socialist Party members.
That is a condition that ought not to obtain.
The average over the nation· is about one party
member to ten Socialist voters. The ten seem
~t~~~~----~~~rou~rrm~~m++mrm~~~mh~~4-------
�The Western co·mrade
312
all of its aspects except thatof class organization for political purposes.
.Just now the national office of the party is
··onductiug 'a · great orgaaization •campaign to
bring thr party membership up to .150,000.
That lllt'ans the securing of 50,000 new memi~<· r·s.
lf Executive Secretar·y JJa.t;lfersiek : can
rrranag1• a nwm hership campaign thaf will add
.111,()00 mernbcrs h e will have accomplished. one
,,f t llf' sP\·t·n wonders 'of politics. N'Ot that it
"'l!.drt to IH• an especially difficult task, but that
it ,, ill ht• lL task that no on~ h efo.re .him has aco•<JillplishPJ. However·, th e Sociahsts have a '
HoweYer, the sort o~ advertising the Reuter
sought to do ~s not one whit worse for
the working cla s-and proba_bly not nearly as
bad-as the sort of proselyting that is done
dail,v for big business in the way of coloring
news storie. '':ith a capitalistic shade. The
simple fact is that all capitalist news services
ar·e had f rom the working class standpoint and
our only r emedy is to establish our own sources
of information-and that soon.
•
•
•
ag~ncy
A ROBBER DIES
.
•
.
,..,,. of do;ug th;ug' when;they set about ;,_ . ~~NE h~adh~e ,e]]s us that the ""'' of
a11d illllit·ations n~.t"· are that tl~ey are setting
· heef Is gomg to go lughe_r and ~nother
;ri>OIJt this husint•ss with gt·<>a t seriousness of
Jllll'pOSC.
Th1• \\' <'s1Pr·n ('nmr·ad<' adds its word for this
<·aritpaig-11 , t h<' (ll'tails of " ·hieh have b en
~.-t J'ort h with a11rpl,• attl'ntiou to detail in the
daily a11d Wt•Pkly pr·,•ss. TIH· Soeialist Yotrr
' '' "st h,. brought to a r·<'alization of his isolated
p11sition o11tsidt· tht· party. Jl,. must he made
111 st·•· th•· IJt•t·<·ssity of g!'tting JNSIDB th e
l'<ll't,,· ,,-h,.,.,. his roil'<' and votl' am! int-elle<:t
llnt,v ht· of t IH• J'ull~·st s<'l'\' i<·<· in thP str·uggle to
li nall,v t'lllllrH·ipatt• tlrt• \rorl<ing elass.
\\. hat a IIIO\'<'IIlt•nt \\'t• should lra\·r in Calir()l'llia ,,·itlr all ol' tlrl' lrundr·(•d thousand So··i;rlist \·ott•r·s 11'\SI DE tlw part~r !
~T•·;~t
• • •
THE REUTER PREDICAMENT
IfF. ohsl'l'\-illg newspaprr r eadt'r on this
sid<' of th E> grPat puddle will not h e sm·JH'isPd to learn of tlw disromfitur·e of
tlrP R1·ut cr· ne\\'s agel!('~' . English all? of our
own Assof·iat('d Pr·ess. Tire Reutet' ageUl'? <·onduds a:r advpr·tising lnrsinPss as 'Yell as a news
business. Hrrrntl.v it sought to combine the
t\\·o, so as to inc·r'f>HSP JWofits- a most natural
firing· to do.
to ad n•rtisl·r·s
stating tlrat th<' ag<'uey " 'as in a position no\\'
and tht>n to insPrt tin es Yalnahle to advertiser·s
in its news dispatc hes. lt offered to perform
stl<·h s(•n·ipe at so mu ch p er p erform.
Th,• dl'al -was a -little too raw even for capitalist l'ditors, and so ,~· h e ll they discover ed
what ·w11s afoot th ey prompt]? rebelled and
rnade lmown th eir displeasure by refusing to
liSl' the Reuter senice.
·
- tells us that Edward Morrrs, presid~nt of
thf> Nelson-'Jlorris Packing company, has died ,
](•aying a for·tune estimated at $50,000,000.
}fr·. 'Jion·is haYing lwen only one of a gt·oup
of "hrainy m e n " associated in what we term
the lwcf tr·nst, it is fair to multiply the ~1orris
f01·tunc hy several times and call that the exploitation in th e heef industry.
Of eout'SP. no one will deny that there is a
n·lation. and a very intimate one, between these
gTe~it J'or·tttlll'S and tlrP <·ost of bee f-and other
meats.
· This mrtgazine said last month that the
Americau n ation \\·ould find a way to provide
its food supply if the exploitation could be rernoYed. but it declared that w e did object to
hotlr a h el't shortage and extortion in con:t:~ec
tion with what supply we have.
The fl eatlr of this rich packer should serve
as an <'~- P-open e r to such · as still slumber· in the
land' of falsr contentm ent. It is not considered
good tl•n-p:u·ty form to speak in any but flowPI'~' tPr·ms of the tlead , bnt we are constrained,
lll'Y<' r·tl n·lt•ss, to ea ll 1\'h·. Morris a plain robber
and to assrrt once more that our everlasting
aim is to make impossible all robbery of that
sort. l{p,·olntion ? Of course!
• • •
CENSORSHIP PLUS
OT lon g ago the hoard of motion pidur·e
<·('tJsors came within one vote of putting
th e han on Frnnk B. \Volfe's film-play,
·' F'rom Dusk to Dawn,'' because of its c riticism of the establish ed order of things in Los
Angeles
Some time hefore that- under the Waldo
rPglllll' it is r e nort ed tlH!t H nl<nr ,lJ.:I"A
.
�The Wes,t e' E.DI Com r
N igrut ' ' was saojeet to pollee IlllU!t:itration iD N e
York. Her.-e j, whar( tine Wal!do eenlors:hip :removed:
Policeman : •• Say~ kidl. J 1llii1 ony abo:t:Jlt the
lllll.gs."
Mary : '"Oh, forget rl.rr
Policeman : ".And, Mary, after thl
d!.e
papers aar tellin th. peopLe o.
Iy- it i tbt V:rneent
t ~
m wimOOg l'l b. 3i tiDe
y~~
oman
b.nde. 'li'he :ravin
aremethiing to marvel &ver. R1llt m~an hire ~et
'J!!Ot forget tha.t h(ile Vmeent Astor i I"81ted
\\·ortb , 5,000,
. and rs go-mo to be married
to a pe:ri'tretly ni e yOl'mg _woman, he als0 · ·
the:re
:lin 't goi:ng to he n&thm' dloin'. in the piece-ofr·hl'lnge lin.,.."
Ma.ry : ''That's ail right, ~Iik~yol!l!'re Em- one of the ]arg t owners oi New York TENEtitlt·d to it, and as long as I keep goin' Y' u'Il MENT property. He i one of the very ric-b
~d your:+-(half to · herself)-and' the serwho t rieher while the poor get poorer. or
~t·:'lnt 'll get his, and tlte lieutenant and tbe capcourse that s nE>t b. faullt. It' an in tbe way
Ut in and all thr rest of them 11 get theirs-and the ystem works. Bnt jn t the ame, neh
when there ·ain't nothin' more to give up-- ea e' .a thi help some folk to get t~e right
(smiles wan.J:y )-maybe I'll get mine."'
. sort of an Ullder tanding of what' wrong and
And also this:
why.
Policeman : '·Can it, kid, can it. I een her
wltr·n shf• tia~gt·d ya-hut if you want to fall
POPULAR GOVERNMENT
ft·r it, go as far· as ya -like; r,·e given ya _the0
;n,;d·· ;nfo ·. '" don't holloc ;r the harpoon ~X T v;A to be expected that the powerhurts. And say, Birdie, yer a new edition to
· that he would undertake to gain tbeirrrtt·. so ]('t Ill(' wist• ya up; if yer goin' to eatter
end through the initiative and refer.nr line of eltirp along this alley fer the eason, ·endum, ju -t as they formerly ought to gaiu
don't fprgit Litt IP Boy Blnc. Got me, Baby ?" tht>m through legi ·lature and judge and othe1·
Tht> point is that tensorship is bound to be official ~and a they do yet, for that matter.
in the hands of the ruling class and the ruling
To prove that tho e expectation were well
t·lass ('fln, if it wi.-hes, st rike f rom any play or rounded the hireling of Big Bu ine · are to
film, OR BOOK, any portion that too dra- ht! found in eYery corn er of the state now-atnat if· ally, OH THl.'l'IIFCLLY, sets fo rth accu- days gett ing signature to a petition to forbid
sat ions against the established order of things. any but property owners voting on bond i ues.
There is a co nstant trend toward abridgeIt remains, however, to be seen whether they
JnPDt of speech and of the liberties of the press can get the voters to be sheep when it come
which W(•, as workers fighting for the over- time to pas~ on that nefarion measure at the
thr·ow of an iniquitous system, ought to fear polls.
a nrl guard against.
~o lon g as you hav·c a censor ~·ou must have
SHAW AND EUGENICS
· a <·ensorship that is· colored by the personal
BR.NARD
SHAW.. al"'ays is supr·emely
viPws of the censor, and those views will be
delightful-and more. H e is keen, origt hf• \'iews of t he int erests he represents.
inal, humorous, resourcefu.l, and he ha.You ha " e your illustration in the Waldo in(·id rnt quot (·d ahove. You haYe noticed. of a knaek of making his ideas "get acros . '·
tour·se, that th e portion of the play that was Not long ago. he delivered a lecture before th e
stri cken out was that portion which criticised National Liheral elub in l.Jondon, a ledure
thP poliec. :what more natural for a policeman w hi(·h has since been published hy '£he Metroc·euso r than to sa ve him self f rom public excoria- politan magazine, togethet· with some of t ir e
tion through th e medium or" the playwright's comm ents made upon it at the same t ime hy
linc•s?
Liherals whom Shaw charft eterized as anyt'hing
Th ere you have t he point. \Ye must beware hut liberal.
Hhaw was stating "The Case fo r· Equality.' ·
of that ldn(l of c·rnsorship. For the capitalist
system movPs in di\'ers ways its dirty work to and, of course, had his say about engenie . .
'S lrrPld.
aw mamtam ed t hat it is all well enou gh to
• • •
• • •
I
-
-
�314:
The Western Comrade
strive for better horses and cows and chickens,
''because when you want to breed a horse you
know the sort <,>f horse you waift. If you want
a race horse all you care abOl:tt is that the porse
should be a very fast horse. If you want a
draught horse, you know that all you want is
a powerful horse. You do not bother: very
much about its temper; you do not care whether
it ic:; a good horse in the pulpit sense of th.e
word. • • • It is quite simple because you
kuow t lw sort of horse you want. But do you
know the tlort of man you ~\'ant? You do not.
You have not tire slightes~ idea. You do not
even know how to begin.'';
And isn't there- more than a little in that 1
And, as Sha·w eontinues, suppose someone is to
fix a stanclat·d toward which to _work; \VRO
will f'Stablish that standard, and will it suit
!lit• l'f'St Of US ?
Shaw argues for reonomic liberty, in order
that men and women may select thejr mates
in response to the dictates of natural laws; for
c·onditions 1hat will make for a wider field
fl'om which to scleet a mate, for the elimination
of the starnttion incentive and all other incentives peculiar to capitalism. That does not
mean any other· sort of marriage than we have
now, so far as form is concerned; what Shaw
intends it to mean is a marriage that shall be
a true marriage of real mates instead of a bread
and butter bargain driven by people whose
finest emotions arc ehoked or· dwarfed and
whose opportunity for selceting the life companion is immeasurably broader than it can
ever be under present conditions.
And, aftcr all and ouce more, isn.'t there
something in that. Would you car e to view
the human race that ·was hrecl up to a standard
establish ed by a committee of hankers, or lawyers, OR F'EDERAI1 JUDGES 1 That may not
he what the science of eugenics contemplates,
but anyhow it's a hot tip right off the hat of
George Bernard Shaw and Shaw has slipped a
hot poker into more than onP stagnant brain!
• • •
ALSO, OWN THE GOVERNMENT
HATEVER. may he tlw popular cr.v of
the mmnerit, thr Socialists never lose
sight of the main goal, the ultimate
objective. Whil e we go on urging public ownership of utilitirs and monopoliPs, we arc
a lways on tlw maiu track hf'aded towRril the_
complete OYerthrow of the capitalist system.
We w..ant to own the government-and we are
going to. Those who stand in the way of
progress can have whatever· comfort tbey can
get out of that statement. We intend to push ' ·
capitalism overboard. And furthermore, forgetting all the restraining sections of the penal
code, which, however, will go overboard at the
same time, we shall tie a stone around its neck.
• • •
· INVENTORS AND SOCIALISM
REQUENTLY we hear the question:
"How will Socialism reward its inventors Y''
We shall not undertake here to say j~st
how they shall be rewarded. Nobody can say
just what reward any man will have f~r his
labor under Socialism, except to say that there
will be absolutely no exploitation, and that
each man will be rewarded with the fruits of
his labor, with no profit, no interest, no rentno gougmg.
Certain it is. however, that Socialism will do
hetter than capitalism has done by its inventors, its scientists, its great creators. As a
sample of the r ewards under capitalism, read
the following from Collier's v\ eekly:
"In what we proudly call an 'Age of Science' the world still treats scientists like dogs.
An appalling array of recent. news notes is at
hand to furnish the counts of this indictment.
"'Poor I have lived, poor I die!' were the
last words of Charl es Tellier, who, half starved
and in agon~'. died the other clay in a shabby
room i~ Paris. His experiments of half a lifetime madf' rrfrigerat.ion systems possible. One
of the many corporations that he had helped
to f'nrich ·offered him in his last hours a gift
of $20,000. _ Tellier scornfully rejected it. He
accepted a ribbon from the l1egion of Honor
but spurned alms.
"J. H. F'a hrr, the Frrnch ...poet-entomologist,
railed 'The 1nsret 's Homer,' at last has attain Pel de'H'l'Yed honors- hut he had to live
until ninl't~· to get them.
" 'A littlr longer,' h e quaintly observes, 'and
the Yiolins would have eomc too late.'
"Yet F'r·ance is no more ung-rateful than
other· lands. 'l'hc ·w right brothers found ,
quiekf'r recognition there than in America.
'"J'hat Germany may liYr in a glass house,
-too.-n1ig.l+t 'lf'-gtif"Sji;ed o
-e-a-ding we swry
�315
The Western Comrade
of Dr. Diesel. His work may prove epoch making, but he died a bankrupt ·and possibly a S:U('ide.
•
''England rewards :Marconi, the scientist lifesaver whose invention has rescued hundreds at
sea. by connecting his name with a financial
scandal; and France has given equally shabby
treatment to Madame Curie."
To say that Socialism will do better than that
is not all that might he said, by any means.
• • •
SMOTHERED IN DEBT
HA1' capitalism is doing to nations in the
way of piling· up indebtedness is shown
graphically in a recent report issued by
the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce.
The r epor·t says that the aggre{!ate debt is
upward of forty-two billions of dollars, an in<·r·ease of 20 per cent in the last decade and
double what it was forty years ago.
The debt of France is the heaYiest of any
single government. Then comes Russia, the
l' nitf'd Kingdom, Italy, Spain, British India,
.Japan, Germany and the United States in the
order named. The debt of this country grew
a little more than one hundred million dollars
in the last ten years.
• •
I
•
TELEGRAPH FACTS
UT few people realize the Yast amount of
gambling that is done in America every
day. But an inYestigation by a number
of congressmen re-veals the startling fact that
more than half the t'elegraph business of the
country is d'one for the gambling fraternity.
Poolroo'n1 and race-track gambling and stockmarket gambling furnish the- bnlk of the telegr·aph business. Were it not fol' th e newspapel'
telegraph service the gambl ing business would
he almost the entire suppor·t of the telegraph
companies.
This can indicate but one thing: The telegraph companies do not aim to serve the people. Their ehief business is to sene the bourgeois and the big business-crooked though it
m11y be-of th e country.
·
The business that the common people do over
t hP t elegraph constitutes but J 0 pel' cent of the
total. 1'he t elegraph is not for them.
\VI1i1e -the government {)perates 67,000 post
offices, all convenient of access, the telegraph
cpmpanies operate only 25,000 telegraph o(lices,
many in· . exceedingly out-of-the-way places.
,Just ~ecause of that fact alone government
ownership would bring the telegraph almost
three times as near the people ·as it now is.
In England .you may go to any post office, drop
a stamped telegram into the box and it will
be collected an!} telegraphed to its destination.
The cost is a cent · a word, with twelve cents as
the mm'imum charge. .As a result so-called so.cial messages constitute from 50 to 60 per cent
of the total business.
And yet, many of the ''common people'' gasp
in holy horror at such a revolutionary idea as .
government ownership of telegraph systems!
• • •
. THE MONEY POWER
HAT an unscrupulous "rule or ruin"
. power is really wielded by the plutocracy
is well shown in an editorial in a recent
Harper's Weekly. While the spirit of this
manifestation is not new at all to Socialists,
it may be new in detail, so we quote in part:
'' The power Qf the concentrated money interests is as great as it is hidden and smooth.
A hint is given and all 'the forces act together.
Take an example in the recent attack of Mr .
.Aldrich on Mr. Bryan and the currency bill.
~lr. Bryan has long been a red· rag to the
large property interests, and Mr. Aldrich is
an expert in giving the signals. Wh~n his
speech was made, word was sent out at once
hy many of the large financial institutions to
small banks everywhere to cut down credit to
the utmost. They wer~ to give it to merchants
when they deemed it. absolutely necessary, but
th<>y were at the same time to create a stringney in their neighborhood. A person would
come into a country bank with abundaflt security and the bank officials would say: 'Yes,
your security is ample. Yes, we have plenty
of money, hut we are not making loans. \\. e
!H'e afraid the currency bill is going to plunge
the country into ruin, and very likely this bank
itself may· be destroyed.' No wonder, with t hi ~
policy pursued all OYer the country, Congr·essmen and Senators were deluged with 'f~tter· ·.''
• • •
Everv new dav is a. dav of '"''""
for Socialists.
t\nnm•tn~:• · .~
�31G
The Western
By EMANUEL JULIUS
SABOTAGEIt simply had to come; the surprise, to my mind, is.
that it didn't come sooner, for sabotage imprl!Bses me
as being a splEndid theme for dramatists WhO are ever
on the search for material that offers the elements of
surprise, suspense, adventure, to say noth·lng of theory,
sociology and philosophy. Sabotage is almost new' to
Americans, who got the word from the French Syndicalists, who. in tum, got it from the English; that is to
say. thf' idea of sabotage,Jlot the w·ord itself, came from
.lollu Hull.
So ue\\· is the word sabotage that at the 1912 conVf'n t ion of the Socialist party, at Indianapolis, it was
pronounC'ed differently by the various delegates who
spoke upon the su bject; according to John Spargo in
his !Jook entitled "Syndicalism, Industrial Unionism and
Srwialism."
IJefore -;abotage was. formally denounced as anarc·lli,;tif' and individualistic, unworthy of beihg used
as a weapon by Socialists. the delegates participated
in a debate on this "Anarchism by a new name," as
))f'!pg-aie \' ictor L. Berger expressed it. ''We know now
wh ." the Socialist party of the United States in 181.2
madP the advocacy of sabotage, crime or violence a bar
to membership in the party," Mr. Sp!Wgo says in his
<·hapter on "Sabotage as a Revolutionary Weapon."
"It was an act of self-preservation. It had been supposed that the e xclusion of the Anarchists by the International Socialist Congress in 1896, in London, had once
and for all settled the point at issue between the advoeates of political action and the advocates of direct
aetion. Rut U1e Syndicalist movement in various countries has b1;ough t the old Anarchistic teachings and
m t• thods of warfare into the party. by a side door, as
it were."
Sabotists believe they can bring an end to the
11rh'ate ownership of the machinery of production and
distribution by a campaign of destruction, deliberately
disal.Jling machine ry, cutting wires, placing cement in
switches, and ' so on. Spargo tells us that sometimes
sa hot age takes most amusing forms. "In Philadelphia
when so me tailors went on strike they are said to have
left !Jehind them specially made 'yardsticks' a couple
of inches short with all the spaces likewise altered.
The cutter wh·o cut garments according to his instructions. using false measures was, of course, ruining
materials. and one can imagine the most ludicrous results." Mr. Spa1·go says.
At the Grand Guignol, Paris, "Sabotage," a oneact t:·agedy, was p1:~sented recently. It was a brillian t s uccess, causing a g!'eat sensation among th e
theater-goers and critics. The play, by Ch. Hellem,
\\'. \ 'alcros and Pol d' Estoc, translated by Andre
'l' ridon, appears in t,l:le Nevember issue of the Smart Set.
·w e are told by the editor that . it has caused more
disc·ussion than ''any other one-act play of its generation." The editor also says that it "ranks high among
th e most sensational dramatic works in modern literature. "
The action of the episode occurs in the
C 1agneau, an e ectrlcian. At the rise of the
curtain, Pierre and his wife, Angele. are discovered near
the bed of . their child, Little J eannot, who has been
stricken with diptheria. The chlld is asleep, ·resting
after an injection by Dr. Margy, and, from all appearances, will pass safely through the impending crisis.
l'iiow that the child is asleep, Pierre feels that the
two-days' strain has been too much for him, so he tells
his wife that he must go for a wiJ.Ik. The conversat.ion that ensues reveals the fact that he ·intends to
gG to the ·union meeting, where, he remarks, the restive workers are going to take drastic action, should
their demands for improved working conditions! be rejected.
He goes. off, leaving his wife to -\vatch at the bedside. She soon learns, to her ·consternation, that Little
Jeannot is suffering a serious relapse. The child's
throat gurgles in a rasping manner, and its breathing
is labored. Dr. Margy, brought to the bedside, sees
that an imtpediate operation is necessary.
Under the light from an electric lamp on the table
in the center of the room, Dr. Margy begins his operation on the child's throat. At the critical moment, the
electric light goes out. Left in total darkness, Dr.
Ma.rgy is unable to Huish the operation. When at last
a candle is lighted, it serves only to bring into view
a blood-soaked child-dead!
"While the mother weeps, shaken by convulsive
sobs and mumbling inarticulate words," the rumble of
voices is heard. The strains of the International are
heard. Pierre returns to the room. "We've got it this
time." he says. "This beats all the strikes to pieces.
That's sabotage, that is! No more lights. .J have
put the dynamos on the blink. Hear the strikers
marching?''
Dr. Marg~·: You miserable fool, look!
Pierre: Miserable fool! What's the matter?
Angele: You! It was .you, murderer-you have
killed .my boy; Murderer! (She jumps at his throat).
In this impressive sketch, no effort is made to theorize or moralize; we are not told that sabotage is good
or bad. nor are we told that political action Is necessary, nor that direct action should be the weapon ot
the revolinion. The sketch merely places a picture
before us. and leaves us to draw our own conclusions
-for which we are most grateful.
Pierre, by his actions, proves himself to be a rebel,
an individual fighting properl;¥, not the institution of
11rivate ownership; he is unlike the Socialists who
wonld change social conditions through class action,
not individual action. Soci-alists who desire to bring
certain changes in the ownership of industries are att'lining their goal by the intelligent use of political
and economic wea(Jons. In desiring the substitution
of social ownership for individual ownership of railroads, mines, factories, etc., they are, in fact, social
revolutionists. Theirs is not a rebellious attempt tO ·
destroy propE'!'tY, to smash machines, to clog the wheels
of industry ; theirs is an attempt to smash the private
ownership of socially useful property. For that reason, the social revolutionists are ·far more desirable
~61
~
eb1!
may dymrmtt r
a building, but that act does not shatter the principle
of private ownership. He may scu.ttle a ship, but that
�The Western Comrad·e
dues not weaken the Institution of private property.
h e has merely destroyed a thing which can be replaced
q11 ite easily. But once the institution of private ownetsl.ip is shattered, lt Is gone !orever.
No intelligent Socialist could possibly believe that
l•"lltlcal action should be labor's sole weapon. SocH iists realize that labor is robbed in the factory and
tl1at the governments are used to legalize and perp.. tuate that robbery. So, in ·addition to fighting polit ically to gain possession of the powers of governme nt, the workers must also combine in a union to
ti ~-: ht the employers who exploit the workers at the
point of production. By ceaseless fighting at both
pl aces-both the legislature a:1d the factory-labor will
pmerge victorious, the possessor of the industrial world,
which labor created. The ballot, the strike, the boyc·<Jtt- these weapons labor wiil wield.
\\'hen a child is angry, it kicks a table, it strikes
a1 something. Pierre "put the dynamos on the blink."
AlHl, his individualistic propa.;;anda of the deed. in
1 hi ~ dramatic episode, is shown to be anti-social, for
a dynamo is more than a piece of mechanism, it is a
pa rt of the social order, and when he put the dynamo
"on the blink" he likewise caused the death of his
IH l ) .
\V(' all agree that projJerty is good; we all agree
th:tt pri 1•ate ownership of social propert~· is bad; well,
in order to destroy the bad why shottld we wipe out
th<' good?
Sahotage- as the word is commonly understoodnwans the wilful destruction of property. Of course,
til <' tl:f'ory of sabotage, as expounded by the French
s ,·ndicalists, takes on many forms. Spargo tells us
1 h3t o;abotage is a principle of action rather than a
mNhod.
" It may involve violence, ' or it may
IH· peaceful.
It may involve destruction of property or
it may not. It Ill::!)' be based on illegal acts or it may
not. It may consist of telling lies or of telling the
,; imple truth.
It is essentially a furtive and
stt>althy policy, practiced by individual workers, havi11t: for its aim the obstruction of industry and business
tu such an extent that the employers w!IJ suffer a Joss
o f profits s o great as to be compelled to grant the
.• worke rs' demands."
Spargo adds that no Syndicalist would include in his
df'linition of sabotage murder, or acts which result in
the destruction of human life. "Practically every Syncii c·ali st writer insiste that such acts do not constitute
sa!Jotage," says Spargo. Hewever, in this play we see
hr: w Pierre, using sabotage, causes the death of his son.
317
Though a sabotist may not desire to taKe ~um'an life,
still, when he doeS so simple a thing as putting a
dynamo "on the blink" he may take human life. Human
• life has been connected with the machinery of indu<:try so that putting a dynamo "on the blink" can
eaetly cause the taki.n g .of human life. .
Bl-eak the laws and you batter your head against
the. ston'Ei wall of the state. Use the laws that are
good and agitate for laws that are necessary and the
state, with all its powerful institutions, becomes your
protectCJr. ' Labor needs the state to advance its cause
w'hlle capital uses the state· to keep back the workers; and the grim tragedy of it all is that the workers
lend their ballots · to the parties that use the state for
the cap!talists.
Rebels of the type of Pierre are unwilling to ·admit
the value of eapturing the weapons of the employers..
They are not averse to going out and fighting the state.
lf a thing is worth fighting, it is worth capturing. There
is no sense in fighting what may be captured through
peaceful and · legal methods. Socialists and unionists
believ.e In Jaw and order; they say that if certain Jaws
are unjust, they may be changed, since political powers are in the hand!! of the people. Obey the law so
long as it is a raw; strive to change it if it is unfair.
Chester M. Wright, in a splendid artlcle- "The Gun
I s Not. Our ·weapon"-expresses an attitude that apJ)eals to me. He says that he opposes destructive tactics as a matter of expediency, as a means towards
attaining the goa l of emancipation. He does not beli?.ve sabotage is wrong from the moral or ethical view
-for the ethics and morality of our day are nothing
more than the wishes of the capitalist class. The
property owne rs tell us what is right and what is
wrong, and we, like sheep, take these opinions and give
them the name of morality. Because sabotage will not
"get the results" rather than because it does not tally
with the accepted property morality of the rich, I do
not believe in it.
We c11n gain nothing by pursuing the tactics of a
Pierre. Nothing constructivtJ will result from "putting
the dynamo on the blink.'' The labor movement and
the Sociali!'t Pa1 t.y are surely traveling a road that
will lead to the capture of the machines for the workers on the i!ldustr~l field and on the political field
bring about the r.a)Jture of the guns that now unfortunately force the producers to keep their hands off
th e mf ans of wealth production.
STILL BURNING WITCHES
0 \\' l\ in :\Iiddleburg, l\Iass., a gathering
of womrn the other day solemnly r esol v£>d to rcma in a way from "suggestive
ph1y · · and to fight th e ...intJ·oductioo. of sex
hygiene teachings in school . ln San Fran<"isto just a short time ago a society of women
hnr·nNl " Damaged Goods. " " The Three
Daughters of :\1 ons. Dupont,' ' and '' Maternity. " 'fherr. is not much difference betwct-n
the actions of such persons and the actions of
th e good people who burned witches at th e
stake in ~'lassachuse tts just a few generations
ago. Indeed, som e of t he human race have ~ot
come so \'Cry far sirif•e th e witch-burning days.
�318
The Western Comrade
l
By M. L0.UISE GRANT
an all-star company, were it not that Miss Horniman's
vocabulary does not admit of any such expression as
Our country has an institution known as the st'ock
appii'ed to the Iegit1'mate theater All the members· of
f· umpan y ; England has the repertory theater company.
·
·
·
T he two terms should be synonymou-~. as the New
the company are not equally good nor equally versatile,
though versatility is held to be one of the cardinal
Theater experime nt sought, but failed, to prove. The
virtues, but each character in a cast is assigned to that
l•:ngli-sh term, as applied in the .Isles, cgnnotes the
person w ho can most perfectl y d e 11 n eate 1•t. Th e porhi ghest dramatic art ; the American, except in rare in-"
trayal
of. a cab driver, who appears in only one scene,
stances, notably on th e Pa'cific Coast, quite the absence
or a rt.
·
may be as finished a bit of art as is that of the principal who holds the center of the stage throughout four
The fi rst success ful English repertory company was
acts. In the next play cab driver and erstwhile prineH la lJiis hed a fe w years ago at Manchester, home of
cipal may have changed places in importance. lit is
cotton mil) <; a-nd tha t remarkable literary newspaper,
for the spectator to decide who are the leading memt he Manchester "Guardian." The founder and manager
bers of the company, for they are never so labeled.
of the compa ny, Miss HoriJiman, is a woman .of r.are
Colly -Cibber's eulogy of Thomas Betterton's comintellect and phenomenal artistic and executive ability.
pany, which comprised the most famous actors of his
timir-the late seventeenth century- would apply
Her succPss if. due to her extraordinarily large stock
of that sense which the world ironically dubs "comequally welL to this modern company. He says, "These
mon." BeforP. entering upon an enterprl.se of her own
Actors were ali original Masters in their different Stile,
s he s pent. many years studying the methods and -charnot meer auricular Imitators of one another, which
a cteric;tics of the best repertory theaterS on ·the Conticommonly _is the highest Merit of the middle rank, but
nent.
Self-Judges of Nature from whose various Lights they
Miss Horniman is able above all to distinguish the
only took their true Instruction."
po~sible from the impossible. There are many people
A few Londoners "discovered" the Manchester Playwho know theoretically why the New Theater underers four years ago when they paid their first brief visit
taking In New York failed, but Miss Horniman knows
to the metropolis; a second season followed, and since
practically why it did, for she has ·seen two heavily
then the company has been so enthusiastically received
and the house 80 uniformly crowded that a four weeks'
financed attempts to establish repertory companies in
season has been extended to eight. The Coronet TheaLondon fall through, while hers, on an investment
ter, which Is their London home, Is out Kensington way,
equal to a moiety only of the capital lost there, has had
an unexampled success. ·
far from the popular West End, and full houses there _
In· the selection of plays she refuses to cater either
are much more indicative of genuine and intell!gent
interest than they would be in the center of the thea~er
to the elect few or to the already (lverpampered multitude who imagine they need something light and redistrict.
laxing; but she seeks to give to the general theaterOne day in the spring of 1912, Miss Horniman's
going public plays which arouse and sustain intellicompany, en route homeward after a month in Canada,
gent Interest. It is only necessary to watch one of
dropped into Boston for a special matinee performance
her audiences from the front to appreciate how well
of John •Masefleld's "Nan," but that was a brief call
rather than a first visit to the United States. They
she succeeds. Her appeal Is to thinking people who
look to the theater for enjoyment rather than mere
carrie again this year, and several of our eastern cities
amusement.
had the opportunity of seeing the individual excellence
It has never been a part of Miss Horniman's proand the marvelous ensemble of the company, and of
g ram to train new recruits for the stage. Her com revelling in the plays which they present.
pany is composed of the best talent to be found in
- Their repertory consists of the best examples of both
England. Many of the members have bad years of
the old and the new schools. Shakespeare, Sheridan, or
experience in the provinces, hardest and best training
Goldsmith appear in a week's bill with Shaw, Galsworthy, - Bennett, Stanley Hough-fon, Allan Monk house,
school an actor can find. But while the Manchester
P layers fro'm the beginning have been a thoroughly
or St. John Hankin. Their one-act plays are only paralprofesslonal company, there is no stereotyped acting to
ieled by those of the Irish Players. Many of the finest
be seen in their productions. Naturalness is the keyof the new' English works have flr.st been- produced by
note of all their characterizatiQns. It Is the principle
them. Two of these, both by Stanley Houghton, are
of the company that nothing shall be done merely for
now playing here, having been introduced by Miss
effect, but that every act and every intonation shall
Horniman's company last year.
result from the circumstances which forced it. There
Grace George is appearing in the less important one
is no overdoing, no un-rrecessary noil!les or movements,
of the two, "The Younger Generation," an altogether
stage business gives way to character delineation, and
delightful comedy, rich in human philosophy and gentle
the revelation of the soul Is the matter of supreme
satire, which illuminates the fact that youth Is not' so
importance. Careful and exact attention Is given to
much a matter of years as it is a ppint of view-an
stage setting, but the audience
likely to be oblivious
attitude of mind.
alike to costuming and to properties- the personal!The other one, "Hindle Wakes," easily takes a place
- ----~tl~e:s:.,~w~i~It~h~o~l~dt~h~e~a~t~te~n;t~l;on~-;~an=~IT,~~~~;e,::~~s--~·n-Ht 'Qremost amk or gtea:t t _en Ie cen ury ramas.
e u
e na ural accompaniment to the situation.
both tremendous social import and rare artistic
The Manchester Players might easily be considered
value. It is also a faithful picture of Lancashire viiTHE MANCHESTER PLAYERS AND HINDLE WAKES
is
�The Western Comrade
t;,ge life, and should always be given in the north country dialect, in which the Manchester Players are
Iaiasters.
6
"Hindle Wakes" is what is' called an "advanced" .
play, which means that its logic has lo~g been recognized by the hundredth par-t of the population who
thi nk, but that it startles the ninety and nine who live
by custom and are governed by habit. In America we
pride ourselves on our modernity, but it finds a readier
expression in mechanical appliances than in attitude ot
mi nd. London loved the play at first sight and could
·not see it enough; New York looked at it askance and
'Pnt it out on the road!
It deals with the reduction of the double standard
· of morality to a single one.
Fannie Hawthorne, daughter of a Hindle mlll hand,
goes to Blackpool to spend the week-end during the
"wakes." While there she falls in with Alan Jetfcote,
son of the wealthy mill owner of Hindle, and spends the
ti me with him. By a miserable chain of circumstances
hrr parents Jearn of the escapade, and after much ado,
arrange for their marriage-the only solution to the
disgraceful affair according to the parents of both. ·
But Fannie possesses an independent spirit and a
philosophy of life, and she refuses to consider the arrangement. When Alan, who had been persuaded to
IJ rf'ak his previous engagement, ask-s if she never really
lol'ed him, s he says : "Love you?" Good heavens, of
1·om se not! " ' hy on earth should I love you? You
319
were just someone to have a bit of fun with. You were
an amusement_;_~ lark." The shoc~ed Alan exclaims:
"Fannie! Is that all you cared for me?" And Fannie
retorts: "How much more did you care for me!"
"But," protests the ancient spirit .of sex-privilege, "it's
not the same. I'm a. man." The logical woman justifies
h'erself. "You're a man, and I was your little fancy .
a woman and you were my little· fancy. You
. Well;
wouldn't prevent a woman enjoying herself as well as
· a man, if she takes it into her head?" Alan does not
yet graap it. "But, do you mean to say that you didn't
care any more for me than a fellow cares for any girl
he ha.ppentt to pick ·u p?" "Yes,· are you shocked?"
Of course, · he is shocked; so are the others, also
some in the audience. Mrs. Hawthorn, black with rage,
turns her out of the house. But Fannie doesn't mind;
she has seen the light of a new day and proposes to
live by it. · She I.'ecognizes that economic independence
is the indispensable accompaniment of sex freedom.
"I'm not without a tracle at my finger tips, thou knows.
I'm a Lancashire lass, and so long as there's weaYing
sheds In Lancashire I can earn enough brass to keep
me going. I wouldn't live at home again afte'r this,·
not ariyhow.! I'm going to be on my own in the future.
(To · her tender-hearted father): You've no call to be
afraid. I'm not going to disgrace you. But so long as
I've · to live my own life I don't see why I shouldn't
ch·o ose what it's to be."
I'm
The Simple Story of Karl Marx,
the M·an
Stanley
Wilson
By
r.LKJ=:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!tARL HEINRICH MARX was born Tuesday, May 5, 1818, in Treves, or Trier,
as it is now called, a town in the western part of Germany, In the province of
~
the Rhine.
His father was Heinrich Marx, a
Jewish lawyer, a man of great talent
and leaming, and highly respected in
Trier. His grandfather was a rabbi,
one of a long line of rabbis, unbroken
.
from the sixteenth century until his son,
HPinrich, father of Karl, adopted law instead of religion for a career.
The mother of Karl Marx, before her marriage
Henriette Pressburg. was born in Holland. On her
Ride, the men of the family served as rabbis, generation
after generation, for centuries.
It has been suggested that Karl Marx owed to his
rabbinical ancestry something of that wonderful exegetical powe1· which he displayed in his work.
In 1824, when Karl was 6 years old, the elder Marx
Pmbraced Christianity; and wtth his wife and children,
was baptized.
The family or Heinrich Marx was in comfortable
rircumstances.
Early in his boyhood Karl Marx displayed marked
intellectuality. He waa a strong, imperious lad, of
tiPry temper and im etuous mann r
unately his father was enabled to appreciate the gifts
or the boy, and to undertsand his strange temperament
uno the perils to which it exposed him, and to guide .
B.
•
him with wisdom through some of the most perilous
experiences or boyhood and youth. He was a strong,
active boy, full of mischief and fond of indulging in
some boisterous, boyish fun. He "was · a brave, manly
fellow, with a .passion for achievement. Handsome,
beloved by all who knew him, and successful in all that
he undertook at school, he was a general favorite with
his teachers and fellow pupils. His mother watched
him with gratE~ful a.dmiration, fondly and proudly calling him her "Fortune Child."
Karl Marx was an atfectionate and devoted son.
Between him and his father existed a bond of comradeship that Is delightful to contemplate.
In the midst of one of the greatest..,mental struggles of his boyhood in one letter he wrote: "In the
hope that you, forever beloved and dear father, would
understand the manifold moods of mine wher~ the
heart would often like to live and enjoy, but is conquered by my restless spirit, I wish you were here with
me, ·so that I could hold you tight to my breast, and
express to · you all that goes on within it."
At another time he wrote: "It Is almost 4 o'clock
in the morning; the candle is almost burned out and
my eyes pain me. An awful unrest took hold of me,
and I shall net be able to conquer the feeling until I
can feel your love right close io me."
:
In his father's letters to Karl occur such passages
"You must remember that you are dear to my heart,
and are the greatest hope of my lite."
Shortly before his father's death Karl's mother
�320
The Western Comrade
wrote tellil'lg of the father's condition. She asKs her
sou to write "very tenderly" to his father, as he "reads
the letters over and over again." The father added a
brief postscript, scrawled by l!- hand so weak tfiat the
words were barely legible: "Dear Karl, accept my best
wfshes; 1 cannot as yet write much."
It was the ambition of the elder Marx that his favor-
perhaps prettier and of more regular features than her
older sister, "\\'hose direct opposite · sh.e is. Although
she is just as- tall as Jenny, as slender and delicately
formed, there is something lighter, brighter and more
lucid about her. The _upper part of her face may well
be called beautiful, with its waves of curly hair of
chestnut brown, her sweet•. dear eyes of changeable
·greenish lights that burn 1lke triumphal fires, and her
ite son should follow in his footsteps and take to law.
finely formed and noble forehead. The lower part of
While this was no doubt distasteful to ·Karl, as it was ·
her face is less regular, being less developed. Both girls
contrary to his disposition and aspirations, he took up
posses!! rosy, bloomirl.g complexions, and I often marvel
his legal studies. Philosophy and history were the two
at their lack of vanity, for I remember very well that the
studies which most apjlealed to him, but he studied
same· could not have been said of their mother at a
law to please his father, "as a necessary evil," he said.
certain tender age!
He graduated ln 1841, at Jena, with the degree of Doc"The girls are a constant pleasure to us, owing to
tor of Philosophy.
their affectionate and unselfish · dispositions. Their
At the age of 18 he became .engaged to Jenny von
little sister, however, Is the idol of the whole house.
Westphalen. She was a childhood's playmate and four
"This ' child was born at the time our poor, dear
years his Sf>nior.
'
Edgar departed from life, and all our love for the little
Her fathPr, Baron von- \Vestphalen, was rich and inbrother, all the tenderness for him , were now showered
fluential. He was one of I-I'einricb Marx's most intimate
on the little sister, whom the older girls cherish with
motherly solicitudf>. But you could scarcely find a
frien<ls and \' C I' Y fond of his friend's children, and esl<;>velier child, so pretty, naive and full of droll humor
pecially of the favoritp son, Karl. Jenny was a bright
Her cb arm 1·n g m a nner of 8 pe akin g a n d ·re1a t·mg
·
1-8 she .
and beautiful girl and much loved by Karl's parents.
stories if' truly remarkable. This she learned from the
He r full nam e wa~ Johanna Bertha Julie Jenny von
Grimm Brothers. who are her companions by day and
We ~tphalf>n.
night.
In the summer of 1843 Karl and .Jenny were mar"'Ve all hav'.! read the fairly tales until we are almost
ri E'd. They we re devoted lovers all through their marblind, but wo·e to us if we were to forget one squabble
ripd Iiff>. anr.l each was proud of the other. They used
of Rumpel!'tilzkin or Scbneewittchen! By means of
fairy o;;tories she has been able to Tearn the German
to man: h through their home hand in band singing a
GErman lo\'e song.
iangu<tge. which she speaks correctly, besides the EngThey had s ix children. five of them girls. The only
!ish !:::nguag-e, which, of course, lies in the air. This
hov. ~::::dga r, died at the age of 9. The child, whose
little on<' is Kart's favorite pet, laughing and chatting
body was too weak to sustain the mind, was the pride
away many of his troubles."
an<l hope of his p:uents.
Marx wa!' a passionate lover of children. Nothing
The family was reduced to severe poverty on accould move him to sympathy like the suffering of a
count of exile and the father's de\'otion to principle.
child. He would break away from his learned comThere were days when Marx had to go without food
pa•1ion~ to play with the children on the street. There
in ornf>r tl:at. th e chi loren might have enough to susis no doubt his love for the little ones was one of the
tain life.
strongest influences that impelled him to his devotion
On one occasion while Mrs. Marx was seated trying
to the needy and oppressed.
to nurse her baby at an empty b'reast, rendered so by
John Spargn says, in "Karl Marx; His Life and
hunger, she was roused by a demand for rent due.
Work": "During the worst days of his poverty, while
'Vh en the money was not forthcoming two constables
he lived in Dean street, he was known as 'Daddy
stepped in and attached everything in the rooms, even
Marx' to most of the children in the ·neighborhood. In
to th e baby's cr:tdle and the children's toys.
those days onc•might have seen in the streets a handlndee<l, it is said that three of the ch!Jdren died
some man, of striking appearance. rather above the
within font· years, victims of poverty.
middle height, with small hands and feet and an exTo those who contend that Socialism· would destroy
pressive face. framed, as it were, by coal black hair
home and the marriage altar, let it be known that one
and bear<l. with ch-ildren all around him, some holding
of his fr.iends said of Marx : "Karl Marx has three saints
his hand!>. others clinging to his coat- tails, shouting
whom he worships. They nre his father, his mother
mf>rri!y, 'Daddy Marx! Dadoy Marx!' This love for
antl his wife."
children Mnrx retained to the end of his life, and durA charming insight into the home of the great
ing the last long illness the presence of one of his
economist il'< furnished in these extracts from a letter
little grandchildren seemed to be his ..only source of
written by Mrs. Marx to a friend, March 11, 1861 :
comfort and consolation."
" Although I most fear that you wlll take me for a
One of his daughters, writing of h_is love for chil rather conceited and weak mother. I will give you a
dnm, . says :
·
description or these dear, praiseworthy girls. They
"Karl Marx was the kindest, the best of fathers. There
are both except ionally good - hearted, of generous diswas nothing of <lisciplinariar. in him, nothing autbori positions, of truly amiable modesty and girlish purity.
tative in his manner. He had the rich and generous
Jenny will be 17 years of age on the 1st of May. She
nature, the warm and sunny disposition, that the young
is a most charming girL- making quite a handsome apappreciate. He wal'< vehement, but I have never known
pearance, with her dark, , shining, soft eyes and her
him to be mo1·ose or sullen, and steeped in work and
brunette creolP. complexion with its acquired healthy
worry as he might be, be was always full of pleasEnglish tints. The pleasant, good-natured expression
autry with us children, always ready to amuse and be
of her round, childlike face makes o~e forget that she
amused by us. He was our comrade and playfellow."
has a stu b nose, which perhaps is not beautiful in itKarl Marx was not an opponent of religion. While
self, and it is a real pleasur , w
peak to-ob---llm~hmiair
e was wholly tolerant of the
ve e rten ly mouth with its fine teeth.
religions beliefs and opinions of others.
''Laura, who was 15 years old last September, is
Truf>, some of his apparent attacks upon Christian -
�Tbe Western Comrade
321 .
i· y are very bitter, and have been much quoted against
The very soul of this manifesto Is contained in this
l:'ocialism, out for the most ~Y are attacks upon
summary by Engels:·
- 1 d igious hypocrisy rathe~an upo~ristianlty.
,
" In every )llstorlcal epoch, the prevaUlng mode ot
HE: was as bitter against the blatant dogmatic
economlc prod'uction and exchange, and the so¢al or~
atheism t>f his time as he was against the .hypocritical
ganizatlon necessa,rlly following from it, form tb:e basis
a""'~ nmption s of those who spoke In the name of re.upon whicb 1t Is built up, and from which alone can
!ildon.
be ex}.llai.Qed the political and Intellectual history of
"Penona ll~· an atheist," says Spargo, "lfe took the
that :epoch, and consequently the whole history of manP"sition which is today the recognized position of all
kind (since primitive tribal society holding. land · in
Soeiallst parties of the world , namely, that religious
common ownership) has been a history of class strug!J, lief or non-belief is a private matter with which they
gles, contests between exploiti-ng and exploited, ruling
arP not concerned."
and oppressed clasl!es."
·
Marx was an a rdent admirer of Abraham Lincoln.
This -'fundamental propo ition of the manifesto is
lind - America has yet to be awakened to her obliga- ..
eredite,d. by Engels to .M arx.
tiuns to him because of his interest . in Mr. Lincoln
. Mll.rx offered, no suddenly-appearing Utopia. Ha•laid
ami his cause.
•
down a · scientific process of "revolutionary evolution."
Du rin g the troublous days leading up to· the Civil
In 1850· he tells 'the majority of the German Communist
1\'ar. Ma rx was a regular contributor -to the New York
movement in London t hat lt will take fifty years "not
Tribune.
.
only to change e'xisting conditions, but to change your~~ r. Linc-oln was one of the very interested readers
selves •aud malie yourselves worthy of political power."
or the Marx wrilings and considered him as one of the
The -battle-cry of scientific Socialism is ·a call to
!lUSters Of PCOnomics. Thel'e is 00 doubt that many
'political ' action-a call _tO the workers tO transcend th'e
or th e splendld quotations we get from Mr. Lincoln's
petty divisibns that keep theni apart, and stand solidly
>IH-'eches were inspired by Marx. For instance: " Labor
together in a · world-wide economic and political
i!.: prior to an d independent of capital. Capital is only
phalanx: ' "The proletarians have nothing to lose but
tile fruit of labor and could never have existed if
tqeir .;Jhains: They have a world to win. Working men
Ia 1JOI' !Jan not firs t existed. Labor is the s uperior of
of ali countries, unite! "
r·api ta l and deserv es much the higher consideration."
Marx and his colleagues were not the first to recognize the materialistic idea of history-that social orHad it no t heen for Marx, England· would, no do1,1bt,
ha,·e recognized the Southern Confederacy, for the cotganizations and the political' and intellectual aspects
'"" manufacturers were being forced ·to the wall beof an epoch depend upon the economic conditions of
(':tnse of the impossibili ty of getting the raw cotton.
that epoch, whicb in · turn depend upon the methods of
Gladstone· declared in 1862: "The Southern leaders
production and exchange. Bu.t Marx was the first · to
hare made a n arm y ; they are making a navy ; and they
work the idea lntQ a comprehensive scientific formula.
It was in the development of this theory into a pracha;:e made what is more than e ither- they have made
a nation." Gladstone spoke for the English manufactical propaganda that marks him a s one of the greatest
t11rer!-;.
.
scientists of a11 time . .
Gladstone's SlJeech greatly disturbed Lincoln and
That -Marx had
well-founded optimism respecting
.his SUJlponers. It was everywhere interpreted as· ·an
the outcome of the class struggle to which he so deeply
intimation th::lt Great Britain intended to give official
and ably applied himself is attested by the following
recognition to the Southern Confederacy.
from -his book, "Capftal":
·
Karl Ma rx came forward and entered the battle
"The transformation of scattered private property,
against r ecognition in the South. He appealed to the
arising from individual labor, into capitalist's private
British tra de unions. Great labor protest meetings were
property is, naturally, a process incomparably more
held a ll over England until the government and the
protracted, violent -ant! difficult than the transformation
manufa cturer s were told in no uncertain terms,
of capitalistlc .private property, already practically rest''Hands off."
ing on socia'lized production. into socialized property.
Murx, an E>>:ile from Germany, France and Belgium,
lh the former ·case V!e had the expropriation of the
was wen adapted to be the champion for ,human fx:ee- .'.
-mass of the people by a few usurpers; in the latter we
dum on this side of t he water.
·
have the expropriation of a fe~v usurpers by the mass
It was fitting that Lincoln should recognize· in ·Marx
of the people." .
.
a masier and that Marx should greatly admire Lincoln,
The last years of tbe life of Marx were filled with
wh ich waR true of both these men of destiny.
sulfering and sorrow. The death of some of his grandlndeed. the sympathies at Marx went out to all the
daughters oppressed him greatly. In 1878 hi'A friend's
'Jiipressed of the earth. He took an active interest in
wife, Mrs. Engels, died. She was, like her husband, a
the affairs of Irela nd, as he did in those of Poland. He
very dear friend .and Marx mourned almost as deeply
denounced the English ·rule in Ireland as "a governas her husband.
·
.
ment of cruel force and"s'hatneless corruption."
In 1880, while his own health was sadly impaired,
Kar! Marx was more than a .s ocal philosopher. He
his wife "'as taken ill, suffering the terrible tortures of
\\'~£ a socia l constructionist.
He not only analyzed
cancer, from which she died on the 2nd of December,
~od al history, conditions and tendencies. but he laid
1881, her last words addressed to her adoring and griefrlaw n practical political policies. 'With Engels he indistracted husband. At the grave so shaken was Marx
sisted, in 1847, on. a revolutionary working class pothat he tottered and would have fallen into it had not
lirical party with a definite aim and policy. At the
Engels caught and s upported him.
f'O ngress, held in London, in November that year, he
March 14, 1883, Karl Marx died, seated in his armand E ngels were requested by resolution to prepare "a
chair in his study, where h e had gone from his bed o(
c'omplete theoretical and working program for the Comsickness. Engels, who ha d been summoned on account
nt unist Lea ue."
·
· mmuai
Qfltl---'{)~
lrt
en .
e
fPs to, which has been called the birth-cry of the modern
study, where hi!! friend seemed half-a sleep.
~c i entillc Socialist movement, published in the early
Karl Marx was not half-asleep. He was wholly
asleep in that sleep called death.
''art of January, 1848.
a
�322
The Western Comrade
'
-
- - - - - - - · - ·-
4N Ttl€ C ff <·:~~ .~ ;', ~-M Gt,OW
--
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.' . '0:..
~
Charles Edward Russell, who was the Socialist
political and social . questions SOOJl brought him fame.
He understood the · political game as it is played in
candidate for mayor in New York, helped boost the
America; knew its corruption and fearlessly exposed it.
vote 300 per cent. The total Socialist vote was 32,109.
This tremendous increase swept the first SoC:talist
Russell did not stop at magazine articles. He became an author of books. Among others he is the
alderman into Gotham's city hall, so, from now on, the .
writer of "Why . I Am a Socialist," " Thomas Chatterton,
voice of the working class wiJJ be heard. Russell was
the Marvellous Boy," "Uprising of the Many," "Lawless
a splendid candidate, delivering the message. of SocialWealth," "Greatest Trust in the World," and three vol ism with wonderful force and etTect. He delivered many
umes of verse, "Songs of Democracy" being the title
speeches a nd wrote many campaign articles.
of one. He has also written a numper of magazine seRussell is one of the many persons of fame ho have
rials that have attracted wide
been attracted to the Socialattention.
Among others
ist movement. A writer of
are: "A Life of Charlemagne,"
national renown, profound
~'The Power Behind tjhe Restudent of human affairs, an
public," "J3eatlng Men to
able critic of the shams and
Make Them Go04," "A Burfoibl es of capitalistic society,
glar in the Making," and "At
Charles Edward Russell ia of
the Throat of the Republic."
great service to the cause of
These articles got Russell
Socialism.
the name of being a "muckComrade Russell was born
raker." He does not object
at Davenport, Iowa, on Septo that. "If you don't want
tember 25, 1860.
me to rake muck why don't
His fathe1· was an aboliyou remove the muck?" he
tionist and worked hard in
often
asks.
the cause of emancipation.
In July, 1909,.Russell marHe managed, in the end, to
ried a young Chicago woman,
have the cons tit uti on a 1
who had been engaged for
amendment giving the negro
some years in journalistic
the right of franchise in that
work on two or three Sunday
state passed.
papers of that city. Mrs.
Russell thoroughly learned
Russell is a chamlng woman
the newspaper business unwhose whole interest Is in
der the direction of his faththe cause of Socialism. She
er. One thing, however, must
Is enthusiastic and has energetically entered into · the
be understood by the reader
of this article-Russell's life
work of spreading the dochas not been one of ease and
trine.
comfort. He has gone through
·It is not to be wondered
an intt;!nse struggle for the
that Russell became a Socialposition he now holds in
Ist. To refrain from turning
American journalism.
one was almo::t impossible
At first it' appeared to
when one considers Russell's
Russell that he would be able
character - a man whose
to grow up with his father's
heart beats throb for the suffering millions.
newspaper. This soon became
impossible. Following some
Russell learned that povattacks on the Rock Island
erty, prostitution, unemployRailroad his paper was seized
men,t., child labor, crime and
by the stock holding interests
all the other diverse evils or
of that corporation.
this insane system result
Young Russell then found
from the private ownersbip of
himself dependent on his own
social needs-because of the
etTorts for a livelihood. He
fact that a small class of capCHA R L E S EDW ARD RU SSELL
reached New York, where he
italists own practically all the
walked the streets for three
industries, all the mines, the
days and nights in a,search for employment. He finally
mills, the railroads, the machines and other means of
landed on the old Commercial Adv~rt!ser as a reporter.
wealth production and distribution.
Russell then filled many positions on important newsWhen Russell learned this it was but another step
papers throughout the land. He continued as a jourfor him to grasp the fact that the only remedy was for
nalist for twenty- five years. But the magazine world
the workers to take possession of ~hat is truly theirs.
attracted him. He saw a new field of activity before
The only cure for society's ill was collective ownership
him ; so in 1904 he resigned his position on the Hearst
_ Qf__the_ ind,,striesGGial·i&nr.--4'h~lrere-tre-lt11ill
aper-in-€htca:g
came a wnter of reform articles.
application for membership to the Socialist Party and
Success followed him. His great ability in tr<'ating
since then he has been a Comrade In the ranks.
�The Western Comrade
THE SITUATION IN MEXICO
l1
By HA}l'OLD· EVERHART
~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I
0 FULLY understand the situation in
Mexico today, one must know and interpret the history of government, its
growth and development, from its earliest inception.
To the ordinary observer; there appears very little relativity between the
ancient governments of Egypt and Syria,
and even of earlier peoples, and those
of the Americas today; yet it is there,
running through all history, from the
first crude yet finely knit cohesive~ess of the gens of
the uar!Jarians, to the scientific and forceful government
of these United States.
Government as we kr10w it, came into existence with
the establishment of private property; at first crude
and loose, as private ownership was uncertain and
simple. The two institutions have developed side by
side, and each is dependent upon the other for its continuance.
Government is the organized expression of the will
and power of the economically dominant class, and has
always taken the form which gives the fullest expression of that class: The dominant class is the one
which controls the means of wealth creation.
Though government is maintained in the interest of
the small minority who control the wealth production,
yet the burden of its maintenance is placed upon the
non-possessing classes, who, by an adroitly molded
psychology, are blinded to the part they are forced to
play in the governmental game.
Government then, being the expression of the will
and power of a certain economic class, all struggles,
whether peaceful or violent, for · its control, are struggles of antagonistic classes, each seeking control of the
governmental machinery that its own interests may be
supreme: The great struggle throughout Europe which
had its climax in the French Revolutiou, is the most
striking example of this class struggle. There it was
the rising and rapidly developing mercantile and manufacturing class, against the ancient and strongly Intrenched, yet decadent land-owning class-CAPITALISM AGAINST FEUDALISM.
Another familiar instj!.Ilce was the struggle in our
own country which culminated In our bloody Civil War.
From the foundation of our government the struggle
was continuous between the slavooracy, and the employers of free labor. Every Important political action,
every election, dealt with some phase of this contention,
which ended ouly with the final triumph of the capitalist class over the slave-holding class.
We find that certain forms of government have
usually expressed the supremacy of definite economic
interests: Slavery finds its expression in a certain
form of democracy. As Greece and Rome were the
fullest expression of the slave -society, so also are they
the classical forms of independent or free government.
Slavery and democracy declined together In Rome,
through centuries of slow decay. The autocratic and
absolute government we find usually to represent the
supremacy of the land-holding class. This was the
__gJRernment -OL the -Eeuda1-er-a:;-a·nd-st:iil-extst~rin h"<l~
nations where Feudalism, eve·n In a mild form, continues, as in Russia, Turkey, and India. Capitalist so-
\.T
ciety most easlly maintains its dominance ln the representative form ot government, which reaches Its
Jiighest development In the most highly organized
capl~istic nations of ·the world today, the United
States, ·Germany and England.
The situation in Mexico today Is but a. repetition
of the struggle . throughout Europe which finally closed
with the overthrow of the land holding classes and their
autocratic government, by the capitalist class; and the
establishment of parliamentary government. In Mexico
the land holders have been dominant, and demanded . _a
government · such as has been historically connected
wlth ·such dominance, autocracy, and, while maintaining
the form of a republic, It was, in fact, an autocracy.
The various revolts against Diaz have been on behalf of the growing mercantile and manufacturing interests, largely controlled by American financiers, who
have furnished the money necessary for their conduct.
The revolution which put Madero at the head of the
government was a triumph of the Capitalist. Capitalism, however, had not yet reached that point of supremacy over the land owning autocracy where it could
successfully maintain Itself; hence the ease with which
the counter revolution was accomplished, which reestablished the Dlaz regime.
No settled peace can possibly come to Mexico until
the interests of the capitalist class are superior to those
of the land owning class. Then will peace come, and
with it a reliable and staple parliamentary government.
The Mexican ·or the working class, he who has been
shedding his blood and orphaning his children, in a
spirit patriotism. will continue to be exploited just as
ruthlessly as heretofore, and he will be little, if any,
better off economically. Mexico, however, will then
have taken an advanced position. She will be so much
nearer the ultimate goal of the evolutionary forces.
Only through Capitalist growth and by participation in
the government which represents such growth, will her
people develop the Intelligence and self~reliance which
will eventually lead them to their own industrial eman~
cipation.
The pressure being placed upon our government to
cause It to Interfere and "establish peace," comes from
those American capitalists who seek control of the
Mexican government that it may be used to destroy
the supremacy of the land holders, who are now so
heartlessly appropriating the wealth created by the
working class, that they may in turn, just as heartlessly exploit them in the mines and fact.ories.
The argument being used most strongly by those
who advocate interference is, that the American capital
invested in Mexlco ·must be protected. THERE IS NO
AMERICAN CAPITAL IN MEXICO : True, some socalled American citizens have capital invested in
Mexico. That is not American capital, it is private
capital. IF THE BLOOD OF AMERICAN CITIZENS
IS TO BE SHED TO PROTECT THE PROPERTY AND
CAPITAL OF AMERICAN CITIZENS IN MEXICO, LET
1'1' BE THE BLOOD OF THOSE WHOSE PROPERTY
AND CAPITAL NEEDS PROTECTION.
Mexico needs no interference: It can and will work
out Its own destiny. The forces of social evolu lo
a wor
ere as t ey are at work everywhere, and out
of its suffering and travaU will be born a new life or
progress and advancement
�~--------.
··QUALITY WINS'"
THREE BOOKS
''Can a. Ca.tholie Be a. Socia.lih' '
By Stanley B. Wilson, ldc.
•
''The Religion of a Socialist''
By R. A. Maynard, lOc
FINIST
(LEAR nAvANA
''The Gospel .of Socialism •'
By Stanley B. Wilson, lOc
P~INT
Box 135
c•tgars
Holds Worlds Grand ·prize
State Grand Prize
EacL oue a gem.
!::leud your order today for any one of
them for a dine, or
'l'hree for 25 cents
CITIZEN
E
Made from Cuba's Choicest. V uelta
Ahajo, in all Popular Sizes and Shapes.
ST. ELMO CIGAR CO.
SHOP
lOS ANGElES
Los Angeles
''MAN AND HIS INSTITUTlONS''
..
By N. A. RICHARDSON
A new book that will be a notable addition to
Socialist literature. Clear. concise. analytical in
a popular manner. The author is a member of
the California State Executive Board; He is also
author of .. Industrial Problems .. and •• I ntroduction to Socialism ••.
Place your order at once for this
ne-vv volume, 15 Cents per copy
Special Price to Locals,
100 Copies, $7.50.
N. A. BIOliAlr.DSON.
.
50 copies S:J.OO
Freight charges added in lots of 50 and 100.
''Man and His Institutions" is an analysis of the
entire capitalist system. It goes straight to the heart of
things. It flays the profit- system and shows the way
out. No better or more powerful expo3ition of Socialism has been written. This new book wi11 be off the
press in about thirty days. Order at once. from the
publishers.
- -Tli&-CITIZEN PRINT SHOP
P. o. Box 135,
Los ·Angeles, Calif.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1913-12
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
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1913-12
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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v01n09
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36 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
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The Murderers at Wheatland
What are We Going to do About it?
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Western Comrade
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PDF Text
Text
EMBER,1913
-TE
CENTS
When Girls Go On Strike
A Story of- the Firing Line in San
Fran~isco
Today.
•
We Call It ·w ar!
~
A Ripping Challenge to· the Iron Heel!
,
ArtlciM l ll thla ~tumber by Stanlty 8. Wllaoft, Eleanor We:ntworth, 0. L Anii ~n. J. L EnGdahl, Gtorott Kauatl,
Sydn y HUiyarcl, Chester M. W;rlght, £manu .J ullua. Elsa Unterman, Agn" Dewnlng, David FuJten Karsner, t..o
W. \Valft Adriana Spadoni.
.
-
�The Western Comrade
A Word From.the E·ditors
f
-
•
A
Every Socialist in California should glue his eyes to 'rhe Western Comrade for the next few -months
for the especial reason that Stanley B. Wils!)n is going to have
lot to say about the conditions he
found in a three months' trip over the :state. While making that trip he spoke at cross roads and in
big cities, he talked with hundreds of· Sociali~ts '8Jld he OBSERVED, which is, after all, the important
iliin~
.
Comrade Wilson is writing of Callfornia and t~e Socialist movement in a new way. The second installment of his ·series is in this ~umber. Next month . there will be another installment. When you haYe
finished reading the articles he is writing ·you will have a complete picture of the movement in the whole
state. You wiil be well infon00d. Better still, ' you will have some new idea's. These articles ha·ve·
constructiv,e effort for--their chief feature. And they are about the most important addition to our
propaganda battery that the movement has had. Imporant because they prepare us for bfgger things,
.
.
because they show us just where we are and what needs doing.
We feel that every article and story .in this number is a gem. It is difficult to single out those of
most importance. But we- cannot ·fail · to say a word for J. L. Engdahl's article on·Tlie Federation Idea.
It is a fitting mate to his great article on the Underground War, published last month. When you have
read the Federation Idea you will have a b"etter grasp of. the onward trend toward solidarity and progress in the great Organized Labor movem_ent. · Elsa Unterman's story of the girl strikers in San Francisco and 0. L. Anderson's story of the Seattle judicial farce throw new lights on the ever-current class
war-and valuable lights they are. The Lilies of the Field, by Georgia Kotsch, is a gem of brilliance
and logic. It handles a big subject in a big way, yet with a swing and a sweep of humor that makes it
a delight. You'll like that article immensely. And there's the work of Eleanor Wentworth. But few
women anywhere equal her in her concept of the feminist moverqent, but few can present their ideas
with such beauty of form and force of expression.
Next month will bring you a table of contents equally brilliant, with-just a whisper here-with
almost a certainty that J. Stitt Wilson will have ready in time for it one of the biggest and best things
he has yet done.
And you, dear reader, please capture at once that elusive but ever alluring prospective subscriber
-QUICK! To your branch you may say that there's no better propaganda material than· The Western Comrade-in bundle lots.
a
Statement of the Ownership, Management, Circulation, etc., or
THE
WESTE R N
COM RA DE
publfshed monthly at Los Angeles, Calif., required by the
Act of August 24, 1912. · Editor, Stanley B. Wilson, 203 New High St.
Managing Editor, Stanley B. Wilson, 203 New High St.
Business Manager, Stanley B. Wilson, 203 New High St.
Publisher, Union Labor News Co.
STOCKHOLDERS
Amalg. Sheet Meta l Workers, 540 Maple Ave., Los Angeles,
Calf f.
Bakers Union No. 90, San Diego, Calif.
Beer Drivers and Stablemen, Labor Temple, San Francl~co,
Calif.
Bramley, A. J., R. F. D. No. 2, Compton, Calif.
Campbell, K. C., Los Angeles, Calif.
Carpenters Union No. 769, Pasadena, Calf!.
Carpenters Union No. 1140, San Pedro, Calif.
Carpenters Union No. 235, Riverside, Calif.
Carpenter s Union No. 810, San Diego, Calif.
Cement Workers No. 3, Los Angeles, Call!.
Chandler, J . G., 1816 Magn olia Ave., Los Angeles, Calif.
Cherry, J. E., 830 16th St, Los An geles, Call!.
Culbertson, Wm., City Heigh ts R. F. D. No. 1, Sari Diego,
Calif.
·
Davis, David, 229 Front St.,· San Pedro, Calif.
Ele8i!lr.l Worl<ers No. 61, 540 Maple Ave., Los Angeles,
Ele8illrl Worl<ers No. 82, 540 Maple Ave., Los Angeles,
Fahler, John, San Pedro, Calif.
Farrington, W. -R., 721 W. Ocean Ave., Long Beach, Calf!.
Goodwin, T. J ., 3083 So. Molino, . Los Angeles, Cnllf.
---J~laU
{)h-n, 69-Gftle n
.,
dena--;-ea:tt .
Hawes, S., 395 No. Moline Ave., Pasadena. Calif.
Inter. LongshorPmen Assoc., San Pedro, Calif.
• Jansen, C., 1140 W. 4th St., San Bernardino, Call!.
Johnson, Charles W ., 320 Valencia, San Francisco, Calif.
Jones, Elwood, 92 Pepper St., Pasadena, Calif.
Ke~!iir. Mrs. H. B., R. F. D. No. 2, Box 145A, Pasade na,
· Keyes, G. C., 992 Summit Ave., Pasadena, Calif.
Kirkland, Wm., 604* E. 5th, Los Angeles, Cnllf.
Kirkland, A. G., 604'no E . 5th, Los Angeles, Call!.
Kuehner, AJexta, Box 509, R. F. D. No. 3, Los Angeles, Calif.
Lancaster, J. N., 981 E. VIlla, Pasadena, Calif.
Lenfest, Melville, 1107 C St., San Diego, Call!.
Linney George, 777 N. Fair Oaks, Pasadena, Calif.
Long Beach Carpentem No. 710, 2327 E. 4th, Long Beach,
Calif.
,.
Merz, Martin, 519 E. 33d, Los Angeles, Call!.
Mount, H. H ., 590 N. Madison, Pasadena, Calif.
Painters Union No. 267, 2927 Thomas Ave., Fresno, Calif.
Plumbers Union No. 280, Pasadena, Calif.
Peaslee, G. S.
·
Retail Clerks Union No. 769, San Diego, Calif.
Rieser, Antonle, R. F. D. No. 3, Box 509,~.. Los Angeles, Call!.
Schrlekel, Adolph, Box 93, Princeville, uregon.
Sa.n Diego Fed. Trades Labor Councl~ San Diego, Calif.
Tarr, F. A., 241 Isabell St., Glendale, \.:all!.
Team Drivers Union, 540 Maple Ave., Los Angeles, Calif.
Typographical Union No. 583, Pasadena, Call!.
Wheeler, F. C., 1301 Waterloo, Los Angeles, Calif.
Wilson, Stanley B., 200 E. Ave. 40, Los Angeles, Calif. , ·
STANLEY B. WILSON,
.
Business Manager.
Sworn to and subscribed · before me this 26th day of
September, 1913.
.
(SEAL)
WILLl(\MS W. ROE - o{ary Pul51 c n an
e ounty of Los Angeles, State
or California.
My commission expires February 18, 1917.
J
('
�The Western Comrade
5
,
I
.:__ -
J
The Cost of Livin
�256
The Western Comrade
BEFORE -THE DAwi<.J
. By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
N THE highest hill of the City · of Hills, overlooking the ocean, the woman- stoo.d. It
was the sunset hour, that magfc hour when the innumerable enchanters of the twilight approach, m,ysteriously whispering or more mysteriously silent. It was that hour
when the sfars appear one by one like great, questioning eyes that would read one's
inmost thoughts; when crickets, a thousand strong, in hus~y tones bombard one with
the> question, "Whaf do you think?" "What do you think?" "What do you think?"
-~
.
-It wa:;, that . hour when the sea breeze - comes tugging at one's hair and clothes like a
shadow wraith, breathing tales of beautiful ad'ventures into unwary ears; when the
desire to eSCipe from superficial bonds becomes all-masterful and the longing to be
one's natural, gpod and beautiful self will not be gainsaid.
In thfs sweet, potent hour the woman stood on the hi!lhest hill, her arms outstretched, her head up to tlie breeze.' Her white loose •garments fluttered in the wind like graceful birds in _flight. - ~e gazed earnestl'y across the gleaming, undulating expanse of-ocean, as if seeking there an answer to some intrusive question.
"Tomorrow it must be," she• whispered ecstatically. "Surely it must be tomorro ....."
As she spoke a light shone on her countenance that was like a reflection of the farewell light
with which the setting sun was caressing the green hilltops.
"All you living, springing .things, you children of Nature's wisdom, tell me it will be tomorrow,"
she cried.
ALKING' closer to the edge ··of the. hill, she seated . herself on a rock and rested her
elbows on her knees and cupped her chin in her hands. She surveyed every object and
listened to e.very sound with an intent, almost passionate ' interest. The stones at her
feet seemed more distinctly colored than usual, the pines more green and pungent, the
sunset colors more extravagant, the air more alive with noises. She had never before been aware
that the earth under her feet, · the trees about her and the air above her teemed with such exuberant
life.
"Everything seems so different tonight," she thought. "So much more wonderful, so infinitely
more alive! And I see it !ill now because I -am going to be a mother.
·
"What a strange thing life is and
I am to give this_ strange thing 'to a human being.
"I am to deliver a little beating heart into the arms of the world. I am to unfold to another
the pure joy of living. I am to give to the people another mind and body to help lift the burdens
of the world.
"Soon, very soon-yes, I hope tomorrow-! am to have given to me that which is dearest to
I
W
Women."
A smile gathered about the corners of her mouth and shone deep in her eyes. Already she felt
her arms around a soft, warm body and felt a little head pillowed on her bosom.
"It will be a great gift," she thought, "a-n d great gifts mean great responsibilities. This ·gift is
different from all others; through it I am both the giver and the receiver. I give life to a little
being; I give it to itself-and above all, I want my baby to feel that it belongs to itself-not to me
or to its father. Then I give it to the world . .. In return I receive all tl)e joy that may come to my
child or that it may g i ve to others."
•
HE darkness had by this time shrouded even the hilltop. It covered the earth like a protecting mantle, whose solemn shade was offset by the star-wreathed sky. Under the in-:.
fluence of the calmness which it brought, a prayer rose in the mind of the woman-a
prayer to herself.
' 1 1 have waited long and worked hard that my baby when it came might
be secure from the
drudgery and disease of poverty; that' it might never be surrounded by the dirt that makes misery
more miserable; that its body might grow strong and its mind expand before the burden of labor
was placed upon it. And now that the waiting is at an end, I must not, simply must not fall short
of my responsibilities.
"'
"May I always love this life that · is coming, but never sear it with a jealous sense of ownership.
May I always protect it, but never cramp it. May I open its young mind, but never force my ideas
upon it. May I nurture in it a strong sense of personal freedom and yet implant deep in its nature a
knowledge of its responsibility to others.
"May I never cease giving to. it and ask as a return only the privilege of giving more."
A ca·ll from the_foot of the hill startled her. It came again and then she recognized it-it was his
call. Down below where the trees were thickest and the flowers sweetest, where lights were gleaming from the windows of homes like fireflies through the underbrush, he was wai ing for her beside
their little bungalow.
·
·
Then she remembered the dearest thing of all and marveled that she had overlooked it. This
gift which she was cherishing was their gift to each other.
She flitted swiftly down the path to tell him of it.
T
J
�TWO-FIFTY
By CHESTER !.J. ¥. RIGHT
.
~
Little Jimmie was a foundry helper.
He worked hard ten hours a day In tl)~
little shoo.
Twice ~ach day Little Jimm)e belpect the
big floor boss carry the crucibles •of melted
steel to the molds.
It was hot work; terrfbly hot. The ' Jitt le
lad would stagge·r an·d pan under the lpad
in the heat. The white metal would send 'ts
glare fitfully over his face. B11t .;Jimmie
kept on. He must earn money.
The c;rucibles were abO'ut the size of small
nail kegs. They could be us·ed with · safety
twice. Their cost was two-fifty.
But th'e I ittle shop was hard . press·~ by'
the big shop and the order was to us'e the
cruc i bles three times, even though the ·
graphite sides were burned thin and the
danger was great.
· ..
· ,
' Little Jimm !e stood ready to "take hdld"
when the crucible was haulea from the fiery
oil burner for the last til)'le of the day. - It
was the - th i rd trip Into the fire for that'
crucible. It was but a shell-a shell full of
white heat.
The tongs clutched the sides of the flimsy
thing. Jimmie gripped with his boss. There
was a crunch. The shell · fell rn pieces: "The
melted steel · spl~shed to the moistened sand
below - like a catar:act of f'lame. There was
a gorgeous, blinding flash , as though a billion living stars had been hurled from
ground to sky.
A man and a boy were dead, the i r bod i es
and faces pierced by the· raining steel ,
burned and seared by the awful fire.
But the shop had saved two-fifty!
�The . Westecn Comra d e
When Girls Go On St
t
By E L
.
lNE weeks ago the Cloak
A
~
·~·
akers of the
'· city
San Francisco
whichofmarks
sOmething began
entirelya. n strike
ew in
tbe history of labor -troubles . •
It a waken-ed intense ent,Jlusiasm, a.o
indomitable will to win; it m ade hand
.. . eager, beads keen and hearts loyal. But
enthusiasm, · k eenness, loyaJt;y-aU these
•
are old. They have guided other strikes.
Even the cause or thi~ strike, criminally
~.:;;;;;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii_. low low wages-is a s·'o ld as the hjs tory of
str-i~es. There is something besides. these chiua cteristic;s wh ich disti nguishes this st rike." It bas one char-'
acterlstic th at is distinctive. This chara ctedstlc t e-·
veal s the Cloa k Makers' Un.ion as one of t hos(! awful
unions whlc.h a re causing P. H. McCarty and others of
kind a· great deal of worry ; it re veals the Cloak Makers'
On ion as a radical union.
But this is r elating the end of the story before the
beginning has been told. Let's go hack for a moment
to ancient his tory.
Until the last .week In August the conditions 'of the
cloak making industry In San Francisco were like the·
conditions of the industry in New York and Chicago
before the time of the big garment strikes. Tbe men
and women worked in unsanitary, badly ventilated,
badly lighted, unclean shops. The girls received wages
ranging from $5 per week to $9 per week-except the
ne w immigrants, the Russian Jewesses, who were unfamiliar with American values or with~ the English
language. These received the munificent "remunera::.
tion" of $2 per week until they caught on and began
to join the Uifion.
As the organization of the girls progressed, the employers began to combat it. They brought in unsk1lled,
non-union girls and paid. them $10 and $12 for their inefficient work, while paying the skilfed union girls $5
and $6 for their efficient work.
You ask: Why is it that the eminently respectable
business men of the Cloak Manufacturers' Association
keep their shops In a condition that is dangerous to
the health of the workers and that thre·a tens to spread
disease among the community? Why is it that they
pay girls wages which they know must swell the ranks ·
of the prostitutes? Why is it that they attempt to
destroy the organization of the girls, which is their only
industrial means of defense?
They would telJ you that they do it for the "glory of
California." · They wou ld bel1eve in home industry, you
know.· To develop home industry, they must ~" e cure
to Eastern manufacturers. To secure these orders, they
the orders which the large department stores now send
must compete with Eastern prices. Of course, it never
occurs to them that they can cut prices by cutting a
·part or their profits. '£hey only see a way out of it by
cutting the wages of the workers. That has been their
piau lor developing home industry. lncidentaily, as
they cornered the home tmde, they would increase the
number of theil' autos, their. conservatories, their footmen, their French chefs, trips to Europe and Counts and
Dukes for their daughters. These are the glittering
dreJ!.ms, rather than the "glory of California," which are
r ally at the base of the insolence ar1d inhumanity of
the Cloak 1\:lanufacturei'S' Association.
But the Cloak ·Makers bad their dream.s., thei.r... am .
.
.·
bition • too.. They are Russian Je
the truly 'terrible
bal'Qened their b~ies and their dream · h Ye become mountain of determination. When t,hat stag) i reached,
.M:~. who endure a.od dream until enduranoo b.
•
MRS. IDA ADLER AND HER SMALL SON
their comes a storm unexpected by all except them selves.
So the Cloak Makers endured and dreamed. Whtle
their fellows about them contracted consumption; they ·
dreamed of workshops tilled with the glowing warmth
of sunlight; perhaps, too, of flower dotted fields outs ide.
While here and there a girl disappeared from work to
enter that profession from which none of them r eturn,
tn ~· dr~aDMd of a time when 'the wor"kers wage will
�The Western Comrade
,IJ()w a home, a heart's home, a home for cbildren·Nhen dens Of debauchery Will knOW bbn no more. They
!reamed, too, mayhap, of a thing which each day grew
··eslde them as they worked, a thing whifb: they fell
.muld bring their other dreams out of the realm of pos"ibllity into the realm of fact; mayhap ~hey dreamed.
•oo, of- solidarity.
·
At any rate. one day the Cloak ·M anufactUrers' As-ociation a wake ned to the fact that the dreams of the·
t'loak Makers had become a mountain of determin!ltion
· : ith which their own greedy dreams must cope. One
line day In t he latter part of August, when the wheels
nf Ind ustry were preparing to go at .f ull SP.eed to meet
1 he rush of the Fall trade, when a moment's delay
meant an infinite Joss of profits, they found themselves
•·onfronted with a strike committee presenting demands
rrom the worker s for sanitary work places, a closed
:-:hop, a nd, above all, higher wages for the girls.
When thus co~tfronted, the oosses displayed the
~h rc wdn ess of cowards.
They said to the men, . "We
will grant e \·erythlng you ask for yourselves if you go
loar·k to work Immediately. But we will not grant the
dema nds of the women. They arc foolish, preposterous,
ou trageous. If they can't live on the $6 a week th!CY
mn ke at sewing buttons, let them make a little on the
~i t!P. " They had met similar situations before in a
~i milar manner and had succeeded. But this time they
failed.
This brings us back to th'e distinctive characteristic
n l' the Cloak Makers' strike.
Instead of accepting the offer of the bosses as many
g-roups of men have accepted similar offers before, the
lllPn or the Cloak Makers' Union, who, unlike the girls,
W(•re well organized and compartively well paid and
who might have secured the minor things they wanted
without a struggle, went out to a man to fight for the
women who daily work beside them. And to a man
lhPY have staid out for that cause.
Altruistic?
Not a bit of it! Just p.Jain horse sense.
It is true that this is quite tin usual conduct. It is
tru e that until very recently the bitterest antagonism
f'xisted bewteen men and women on the industrial field.
It is true that men oppo ed the entrance of omen Jnto
the skilled trades and opposed t;,heir a4mJssion to untons.
Undoubtedly they ha.ve scabbed. on women as ther ha. ·e
scabbed on cbildren. I.n the past they looked down u.pon
women. workers as if from giddy heights. But was that
horse sense! What did it result fn?
Becan e t.he women were unorga.nlz.ed nd unskilled
did it not begin with low wage for them and end ;\'ith
low wages for men-e>en unemployment for men? Did
it not begin with weating for women and end with
sweatlug for men? Did it not begin wtth anta oni m
against the organizations of women and end "1th antagonl m against the organiz.ations of men? Did it not
pro,·e conclusively ·that the weakness of the weak is
thousand times more advantageous to the enemy than
the strength of the str~ng is formidable to It?
·o, the men of th Cloak Makers' nion are not
superhumanly altruis c. · As their brave little ecretary, .Mrs. Adler, said, they are just as good and just
as bad as the men of other unions-only th y are a
little wiser. They have merely seen, a it is tOj be
hoped that the men of other unions will ·soon see, that
short-sighted selfishness is the sux:esf weapon with
which they can be undone.
Aside from this the men are finding that the women
in action display a determination and courage which
they will do well to emulate. It is dawning upon them
that. not only is it advantageous for men to help women
when they need it, but that there may come a time when
it will be most advantageous for men to have the help
of women. As the strike drags on from week to week
and they see mothers leaving their little children at
home alone a.nd hungry, while they go out on the picket
line; as they see little girls, who ·have competed with
nature in the attempt to keep well and happy on $6 a
week, submit to arrest time and time again; as they
see the women zealous day and nigqt, selllng tickets for
benefits, making appeals for funds and making every
possible attempt to gain the attention of the publlc, It
occurs to them that they have acted wisely for more
than one reason.
Theirs is a wisdom to be envied.
A Matter of Clothes
story ' commences with a sort of
flirtation. You see, Herbert Montell
took a sudden Interest in the common
people-"for sociological research" was
'
the way he put it.
, " ::Herbert Montell was a blue-blood in
every conceivable sense. He was of the
. select few-an ultra-exclusive.
:
.
Now, it's a funny thing, .as I come
to think of it, for every time a patrician
decides to study the "poorer clawses"
he invariably chooses a young girl for his researches.
I lerb rt, you know, was no exception.
He went strolling a(ong the aisles of Macy's store,
saw pretty Miss Tillie ThomJ>Son. stopped before her
<'ollnter, bought a pair of gloves he had no use for, and
~ tr11 ck up an acquaintance.
.
Herbert Montell was greatly surprised when it
!!radually dawned upon him that a poor person can be
il.l.teresting. Th.at---wa a.-mt>m-entous--discuverr. 1t cut
a wide swath in hi well-regulated life.
--~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~HIS
·
T
•
By EMANUEL JULIUS
Tillie sized him up with one sweeping glance. "He
don't look like a piker," she thought. "I guess I'll get
nexl."
Now then, we are taught by our newspapers that
"society men are very self-possessed personages." They
never know embarrassment, we a~ told. Well, Herbert
wa; awkward, in this instance. In fact, he was !Ike a
schoolboy carrying his teacher's umbrella. He managed to say what he considered the right thing at the
wrong moment. Once he almost remarked: "You're
looking charming," but by a stroke of luck he succeeded
in refraining.
The girl, on the other hand, was very sociable. Odd,
don't you know?
When Tillie said :
"Would you like to go to the Fifth ward ball tonight?" Herbert accepted immediately. . Would he like
to go? Well, I should say!
"All right," said Tillie; "I've _ggt tickets :wlth....me
soli' you want them I'll let you have a couple-they're
only fifty cents each."
�260
The Western Comrade
Herbert Montell bought two tickets, thinking: "How
odd; this young girl sells me the very ticket that will
admit her to the ball. There's psychological problem
worth analyzing. Interesting, on my honor, I must say,
by jove, yes."
"We'll m~et at the door o/ the Switchmen's Union
hall on Third avenue-that'!t where it's coming off. Be
on the job at half past eight. I'll be dressed up," said
Tillie.
..
.
"Oh, yes, by all means, thank you cordially;" and
thinking to himself: "By jove, how o.dd!· Meet a ·Iady
on the street! And she says she'll be dressed! How
odd! How Interesting!"
·
There was rioth!ng to trouble Herbert Mo'n tell, except what to wear at this ball of the Fifth warders.
After pondering about five minutes he decided to throw
the whole matter before his butler~
It was .James' opinion that Herbert Moptell was far
above so decidedly vulgar a thing as the· Fifth ward
ball- he shou ld keep away, for iC was the rendezvous
of the low, the habitat ef the bad and the criminal.
But. as H erbert Montell persisted, James ventured a
little advice- in a word, he said it would be best to
dress in his worst and look his most vicious. Now, a
butler is the last person in the world to g<i to for information concerning the common people. He can tell
you of the significance of an oyster fork or the difference !Jetween a finger bowl and a bath tub,· but you
may as well expect a politician to understand political
economy as to look to a butler for data concerning the
poor.
Herbert said, in so many words, that James' advice
was splendid.
The time was flying; the hour for the ball was fast
approaching- he must get ready. So He1·bert Montell
ruffled his hair, tied a blue handkerchief around his ·
neck to take the place of a collar, squirmed into a tight,
almost shredded pair of tan trousers, borrowed James'
over-large shoes, and a coat that .James used every
time he supervised the cartage of the ashes.
Once upon a time the coat had been black, but now
it was green . A half dozen other additions to his outfit
tended to transform Herbert Mantell from a blue-blood
into a black -leg. He was a changed man in every sense.
Herbert appeared like the conventional stage boweryabout the only thing he lacked was the proverbial discolored eye.
James surveyed his master from the top of his
checkered cap to the soles of his hea,·y shoes, and
slowly. said:
''You look quite presentable for the people you are
to mingle with, sir. A rough class it is, sir. and it
would be quite well to be careful and go armed."
Herbert was pleased to hear he was "presentable."
At eight o'clock he covered his masquerade with a
cravenette and hurried from his residence. Customarily
he went to "occasions" in an automobile-but this time
he decided to ride in .the taxi-cab of the common people
- the trolley car.
Whe n Herbe rt Monte ll alighted he found himself in
a section of the city that was new-and somewhat disconcerting- to him.
A few m inu tes later he was in the lobby, where he
found a crowd c lamoring for admittance. In his crav enette. Monrell passed, unnoticed.
Through the dOOI', Herl1ert obtained a quick glimpse
of the tum nltous room. He saw the mass of gyrating
men and women. swaying and rotating to the tune of
rngtime music. And then his eyes gazed upon Tillie
Thompson, "the daughte1· of the low;· the real ''sister of
th e common . clas ·es."
My dictionary defines a diamond as "native carbon
crystallized in the isometric system." Describing Tillie
makes me feel like my dictionary-shorthanded, unable
to meet the gloriousness of my subject, literally at a
loss for a suitable flow of words. I can do no more
than tell you that T,illie was beautUul. Adding, of
course, that she wore a gown of black charmeuse. And
to set off the black she had artistically .bardered the
bottom of the skirt and up the side with a white fringe.
The bodice was entirely of exquisite Irish lace over a
combination of white and black chiffon. She was a
d~am.
•
Herbert slowly stammered:
"How charming you look."
"Thanks to you, old top. Get you r coat into the
check room-"
"Many thanks-" and he went. off.
Tillie, ever alert and able to judge a whole by the
minutest detail, immediately surmised that something
was wrong.
When he returned and she saw the blue handkerchief J
around his neck, the tan trousers, the !Immense shoes,
the head of ruffled hair, she placed her hands on her
hips and pressed downwards, squeezing abo'ut three
inches of anatomy out of her corsage. Then, she relaxed, becoming normal again.
"Well, who'd a thought you was a piker," she exclaimed, making no effort to conceal her disgust; "if
you ain't of the kind what goes to affairs, wbat do you
want to butt in an' spoil a night for one that does ?
You cheap piker, creep under the sink with the rest of
the pipes, and mingle with them as is of your own
class."
And, with a whirl, she walked away.
a
FREEDOM
B y Dr. George W. Carey
The rain that falls In the heart of man
Flows out through the eyes In tears; '
And God ' s decrees In the Soul of man,
Are wrought In the Cycle of yea rs.
The
Is
And
Is
•
morta l thouRht In the heart of man,
the flotsam on life's sea;
.
.
the Div i ne urge In the Soul of man
the Word that sets h im free.
RENDER
UNTO
CAESAR
Ra il not at the Idle rich , ye slaves,
B~nd your broad backs to the load.
Whrne not because 'tis heavy,
Kick not against the goad.
Fed on the sweat of your bodies and brains
A great republi c must thrive.
Rejoice that your food though scanty
Is sufficient to keep you alive.
Strive not to change conditions,
You lose every time you fight.
Take the cru m bs from the rich man's table,
"Whatever Is, Is right."
"Unto him th at hath" shall be given,
Rose strewn shall be his :>ath.
"From him that hath not" shall be taken
The little that he hath.
This may seem rank Injustice;
But the good book says it's true.
Then why complain that the millions
Make bricks without straw for the few.
Your women and little children
Must be fed to the hungr·y maw
Of mine and mill and factory;
For that is commercial law.
Millions 0f lives must be wretched,
And millions of homes be sad;
That untold wealth may be stored In vaults _
For the joy of the money mad. -George B . Richards, In Pearson's.
�The West e .r n Comrade
~
261
Th.e Soci alis t Mov enien t
in Crilifo.rnia
'
By
STANLEY
B. -WlLSON
In this, the second of a series of articles, · Stanley B.• Wils"on, continues his r esume of the movement
throughout the state of California. This chapter is filled with a dramatic interest seldom equalled-and it. is
also filled with suggestion for those who have the inter.ests of the great ca,11se deeply at heart. Comrade W ilson finds the "company town" a frequent menace to the welfare of the workers. In this chapter is an illustration of one of those places where exploitation is 100 per cent pure. ,His observat ions on the single tax
propaganda are of interest. Another installment of this series will appear in next number _of this magazine. '
~.~~~~il
0 reach th e points .desired in the northern portion of th e state, sentineled by
Mt. Shasta, it was necessary to cut at
an angle ac·ross Dei Norte County and
lnlo Oregon . This was a portion of the
trip that appealed especiall y ·to the
senseH. Except for the first half-dozen
milf's through the redwoods. where the
s unli ght enters but dimly, the road was
one of the best mountain highways I
have el'er Hee n ; step and narrow, with
plPntv of s harp turn~ and thrilling precipices, but reIIIarknbiy smooth.
\\'e sto pped t'o r luneh at Monumental, consisting
HOi Ply of th E> hote l. The stage stops there daily for
11w noon meal. When we took our seats at the table,
nn e ld erly lafly wailed on 11s and 11rged us to eat, with
I ill· n•mnrk:
"The more you E>at, boys, the better I like
il." \\'h f' n Hhe learned or our being from Los Angeles,
s ltP II' IIH not so frie ndly , though her nianner was still
•·Oiirtcou~. She told u s tha t s he was ·rorrnerl,v a resident
or Los Angeles, but that she had been swindled out of a
fol'li iiH.! thPr<' and was <·ompelled. to go out in the big
world and Ht· I·u~~l e for existence. Again was I glad of
111~- part In the onh· movement. that can re nd er impossiIJh• tlic l t'~a ll zE>d robberies of business.
Strolling along the main street' of Grant's Pass, I was
a ~-:n ('ab ly snrprisetl to SE'e the '\'estern Comrade displa,v!'d for sale on a news stand.
\\' lien we hall reached the summit of Siskiyou and
l•t·gnn the dcscf'nt on th.e south side, wp were afforded
mu· first view ·of Mt. Shasta:
T
"Serene and satisfied,
Supreme, as lone a God,
Looming like God's archangel."
Our first stop was at Hornbrook. I did not have a
lecture da.le here.
'or did I have one at any of the
towns in the Yiclnlty of Shasta. For some reason the
Socialist Party has not hem very aggressive in that
section. A few miles from Hornbrook, on the Klamath Ril'er, the go.vernroent maintains a fish hatchery.
Game of all kinds is plentiful, and as the population
i n that part of the state is very su:lall, the problem of
rood is not as intense as in more- populous and comhlerdali~ed <·ommtmities.
l<'roro Montague, the next town we stopped at. we
took a side trip into Little Shasta Valley. Driving up
10 the post oOlce, which is in a store, surrounded by
a lar e J.>t.~Oha..uf Jh&--pariy-aske+l ~rmission
the old man ln charge o.f the stoxe to pick some oJ' the
apple-s lying under the trees. 'AH!elp yourself," was the.
hearty reply. "The hogs have more than they can eat."
When we had filled our pockets and hats with the fine
fruit, the old man said: "Now if you boys like plums,
just ·g o out here back of the store and help yourselves.!'
H e explained to us that be bad no market for the
fnJit. When asked why he did not ship it to the San
Francisco· commission mep, "Not on your life," was his
reply. "I tried' that, and not only did I have my trouble
arid expense for nothing, but they sent me a bill for a
balance to them." He said that the most be ever received for a shipment of any kind was six bits for six
dozen ducks. When I asked him why the ranchers of
the Ya lley did not -undertake the co-operative marketing of their fruit, he said: "Well, really, we haven't
enough to co-operate. That's what's wrong with this
valley. It's one of the richest spots in the world. Once
-back in the mining days-this place was filled with
people. Ilut when the m ining played out, instead of
settling down to f.arrning, the people flocked back to
the cities. I tell you it makes me sick to see this rich
valley with about a half-dozen familles, when it ought
to be filled with people. I am about the smallest properly owner here, and I own a 'thousand acres.''
I thought of the fish hatchery at Hornbrook and
wondered why the government is so strong on fish and
so weak on folks. It's well to keep the streams filled
with fish , but the good" people at Washington are a long
time getting at the problem of filling the fertile valleys
and plains with families sunounded by conditions that
will enalJie thHn to live and prosper.
All through the Shasta section, I found Socialism
dead, or rather absent, for it does not seem to have ever
lJeen there to die. The problem with those who have
any problem is land. Single tax is the only live problem.
At Yreka, the center of the '49 days, I found single
tax advocates aplenty, among them roost of tlt'e county
officials and school teachers. 1 had several talks with
District Attorney Hooper of Siskiyou county, who is
an ardent single taxer. He was eager to learn what
Socialism had to offer as a solution of the land problem.
He was with our party at several places in that section.
" ' hen leaving us, he said that if I would return to Siskiyou coun~y be would personally arrange a series of
meetings for me.
It was apparent to me that unless the Socialist
Party interests itseli intensely and Intelligently in the
land problem, the Single Tax movement will take · its
place in many sections of California.
From Yreka we ran up into Scott Valle ·. Tbis vafl
u re
rom ac of population as bas LltUe
Shasta. It is one af tbe richest !arming districts In
the state. The s:oil is very productive, but transporta-
�262
The Western Comrade
tion is difficult on account of remoteness from a railroad. There are some active SocTallsts around Etna
Mills and in the mines at Clannahans. There are also
a few at Ft. Jones.
I was to have lectured at >wedd, but the comrades
could not get a· ball. Weed i& Weed. , That Is, it is
the property of a man named Weed, who owns about
everything ownable. The Weed Lumber Co~·pany has
immense mills and mile after mile of timber lands. I
secured a copy of the minutes of the proceedings of
the Board of Supervisors of Siskiyou county; at which
Mr. Weed made application for a reduction '· of asse sment On his cut-OVel' lands- that is lands from Which
the timbe r had been cut. He was asS'essed · one dollar
per acre, and asked a reduction to fifty cents per acre,
whi ch was granted.
•
I m.et a few of th e comrades at Sisson. They have
to work tamely, on account of the influence of the !urn- .
ber kings. The mills are at McCloud, another company
town, th e property of th e McCloud River Lumber Company. Say, but this is a despotism with a vengeance.
The re is not a privately-owned horne ot· building of
any kind in the place. The company owns everything.
The workers with families must pay rent tq the company and purchase all their . supplies at the company
stores. I had to pay ten cents for a picture post card of
the town. You can judge how much the workers. have
to S]1end in riotous living after paying rent and grocery
bills.
This company owns all of the timber lands in Siskiyou county east of Sisson. The charming McCloud
River runs through its holdings. We took a side trip
to McCloud and up to Fowler Falls on the rive1·. On
this river are located the magnificent castles of Phoebe
Hearst; Charles \:Vh eelet·, the San Francisco attorney,
and Tom Williams, the racehorse man. Indeed, there is
much to make one forgEt he is visiting a portion of
the United States instead of. some section of titledom
in the Old World ..
The company takes as 'g reat precautions to pre'Vent the operations of Socialists in its realm as it does
to prevent fire. Yet It did not take me long to find out
that there are several So.cialist firebrands in the mills
and woods, who are slowly but surely adding. to the
great mental and moral conflagration that will one da y
consume the last vestige o( ·s pecial privilege and selfish
exploitation.
Before the railroad shop strike Dunsmuir bad a
strong' Socia.list local. Wlth the strike and the remova l
to other P.arts of many of the shop workers, the local
went to pieces. But there remained a few who had red
blood in their veins as well as red cards in their pock. ets. They continued to meet in private houses and to
keep alive the agitation for that commonwealth wherein
strikes will not be a necessity. They arranged a lecture for Sunday evening. We bad a fine audience, in
which were several rabid anti-Socialists who were ne\'er
before seen in a Socialist meeting.
1
In nearly every community I visited, I was asked by
the comrades for advice as to· bow to keep interest
alive in the locals. My chief suggestion .was to organize
a study club.
·
It's an old saying that "Satan finds mischief for idle
hands to do." The exploiter certainly gets a new lease
when the Socialists of a community have nothing to
occupy their minds except to quibble over some cheap
question of tactics. One sincere Socialist, living and
teaching the great principles of Socialism in a community is worth a hundred quibbling tacticians.
There is no more fascinating and effective mean ~
of Socialist operation than the study of its origin, history and principles and program. Interest can ne\'er
wane in a local that has a goocl study class, no matter
how sma~l or how large the membe rship.
(To be continued.)
WE CALL IT WAR
l;~!!!!!:!!!!!:!!!!!:~llVIL war is in our midst.
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT
It is real war.
the fact that the soldiers are on duty. No certain sort
Nor is peace in sight. Though some
r:Jf weapons is necessary to a conflict. The weapons
may cry, "Peace, peace," there is no
always are selected to fit the conflict. And it even may
peace. For there can be no peace until
be that the absence of any weapons, the absence of any
there is no war. And there IS war.
activity, the absence of any tools in use, denotes conThose who toil are in revolt against
filet as truly as the roll of drums,. the crack of rifles.
those who own but do not toil. This
the boom of cannon and the tread of many feet stepping
great struggle cannot be .described in ·
in time. The strike!
the phrase, "Labor war." It is too big
There is no need to gloss the serious nature of th e
great struggle that is on between the Have-nots and th e
for any phrase . . It would take volumes
Ha\·es. It is serious; it ~ bitter. And there can be no
to describe the great struggle, and those
volumes have not been written. They cannot be writpeace until absolute victory comes to the dispossessed.
ten until the struggle is ended.
Dispossession is the cause of the conflict; it forces the
Smug defenders of those who Have try from time
hosts of toil into battle and they cannot retire from the
to time to convince us that there is no need for strugfield until they have gained for themselves the right
gle, no need for war, no need for anything but harmony.
to have what they create-the right to live without be·
Some go so far as to tell us that there is no struggle,
ing robbed.
except in the minds of a f-ew "agitators"-terrible word.
'l'hey prattle to us of "living wages" and of arbitraBut, if there is no war why the soldiers? Answer
tion and of many other things calculated to lull us. into
that for us.
submission. But we can have none of these. We can lf there is no war why the military prisons--the bull
not stop half way, for if we do we shall be dri ven back
pens of Trinidad and Calumet? Answer that for us.
to the barren plains straight ·away. We must go on
If there is no war why the soldier-jammed streets of
until complete victory is ours.'
Seattle, why the troop- patrolled streets of Pa,terson?
So we say to the world that the •
Answer fo
{}tls~------~-----c:coO:n
irffic w a 1t wishes-we call it war.
But we do · not prove that there is war s.imply by
They chide us for our insistence In t_he fight; they
�The Western Comrade
ad monish us to be fair. They advise us ru- "meet the
e nemy half way."
Jdle words; bait phrases to protect the masters and
to trap us into ceasing fire. The only fa~ thing to do
to the man who is ptcklng your pocket.is to ma$e him
1ake his hand out. He must stop entirely. You do not
want him to merely take a little less than he intended
10 take. You want him to stop altogether. You want
him to take nothing. That is the attitude of militant
Javor. lt is uot that the capitalist shall take a· little
less; it is that he shall take NOTHJNG-absolutely
nothing at all!
And !>O today we ha1·e great con'fl icts between labor
:LIId c·apital. \\"e haYe the battle of the copper miners,
1hP hat tiC> of the coal miners in the East and the \Ves t ,
1ht> batt IC> of 1 he cloak makers in San l<~rancisco, the
l•attl<> of till' timber workers in the South, the batlle of
thP cotton mill "·orkers iu the East, with hundreds of
l•·,;spr hattlps scattered in eYery Cfnter of industry from
To us the plea of the ~pitalist for fairness is ludicrous. It is like requesting the executioner to pad the
straps of the electric chair .with velvet. And we do
not mean to be fair to capitalism. We mean to kill it;
annihilate it absolutely~ That 1s the only fairness
we know anything about. We must get the iron heel
off our neck completely. We must get the .sneaking ·
hand out of our pocket for good.
We are in deadly earnest. V\'e carry no white flag.
There is going to be no s urrender; no truce. There is
going to be nothing but one unceasing war until Labor
has regained its right to life aud all that life at its best
can mean. This is not a _q,eclaration of war. That came
long ago from sources over which we have no control.
This is merely a reaffinnation of our uncompromising,
unflinching attitude toward ·the war that is upon us.
Our trade unions stand out a lon g the s k irm is.h lines,
sighting the enemy, halting it here and there for a
moment, doing the best they can do. But looming big
and menacing. with the key to the heart of the sftuation, the Socialist Party looms up as the g reat and
final power t hat is to send the capitafist system into
d efeat and death, building out of the ruins as they fall
the new civilization whe rein the only potent po~er will
be the powet· of RJGH'l' as voiced by a free people.
The Socialist Party is the agenc·y through which the
toilers are to perform a historic mission for the world
to come. l t is the great agency of the revolution-the
civil war of the workers against the idle possessors of
the world's machin es and storehouses.
Capitalism, we hal"e no kind word for you, except
that you ln11·e brought us to the door of our liberties.
You have setTed your pu rpose and you must go- unwillingly, but none the less completely. \Ve shall see
to that. \\'e a;e flghting . you and we are going to
win.
<·oast to c·oa:-;t.
And. c·alled IJ~· its right name, this is ch· il war- one
pm tion of the ·peoplp strugglin g against another, for a
pritiC'iJ>i<'- for the right to lifP. liberty and the pur;;uit
of that happin( ss that <·om<>s from the possession' of
tl1ose thing,; that go to make life full and rich and
IIO I'Ih whih• in e1·ery sensC>.
Tilt> light b dPSpPrate- - ll·ar is a!IYays that way, just
"" 1 hat h:ll"kn .. ,·pfi phrase of·UC>nc•ra l Sherman's pi<;tures
"
\1< n "tan·, .. mPn arp killed: \\"Oill<>n stan·c- and are
-otn<' li !tl(':' ldi!Pd. Littk C"hildr<' ll are stan·ed, and fre, llt•nll-'· di<•. And no war is anylhing- more than that.
lltll it nttl"t hP. It must ht· h•·•·ausp lh<· ('Onditions
tlt at 1·n·ate il ar<> upon 11s ha1·c· been for some timP.
TltoH · •·otHiilion~ ~ro\\' ll'orsc• automatica lly- cumu latil·c
!"t~n·t•. • Thai is. unless there rist>s tip in front of them
:t JHlll"(•r :.;trong enough to check thC>m.
And thP only
tiling !.hat "an c·hec·k roblie rr is thP might of the man or " la ss .._, lint is being rohhed.
ThP ll'orkin g- (']ass is being robl.Jed. l'roducl ion is
"'H'ialized. The rol lectil"e tools of production and dis tt·iiJution are o11·ncd by the capitalist c lass . This is not
a fight bet\\·epn indiv id uals; it is a fight l.Jetll'ee n clasSE'S.
The 1\"0t·king c lass cannot al low the robbery to continue.
Strikes come, inevitably. Strikes have for their obj!'t·t the protec tion of the worker from excessi ve rob!,.·r~· .
ThC> pure and simple union ist is willing to pe rntit some robbery- but not COJ\1PLETE robbet-y. He
dol'sn't undNstatid the principle behind the robb eryyet. 'fhE' man who does understand that principle sees
that the '' just-a-little- roiJbery" toiler doesn't understand
hbll' far he has to travel. He bas plunged into the battlc-l.Jut h e doesn't see tbe finish of it. H e will, howc·,·er. Having been plunged into the battle he cannot
Pxt ricate himself until the final . 1·ictory is won, holl' e ver
much he may want to.
For. wh il e h e m ay win a small victory and halt th e
rohl.Jer at one end of. his line h e will find the robber
IJus ier than ever at the other e nd- and so t h e fight goes
on, incessa ntly, until the final overthrow of the robbe r.
The pu r e a nd simple unionist may get the foreign hand
011t of one pocket· for a moment, but h e will find it
tlil igently at work in tl:le other pocket. In cessant battle. ="o complete cessation of hostilities.
So it is war to the finish. \Vhy veneer the thing?
It may be u g ly, but it is n ecessary. lt may be bitterhut su bmiss ion is more bitter. The term "war-" may be
une thica l, but what has bcund us to abide by the eth ics
'>f the robber? To us robber eth ics are unbearable.
'I'D the worm ttre btt11"1s- evil. We can see no nobility
in any ethics that condone robbery a~d murder!
263
• • •
DREAM L U LLABY
Sydney Hillyard
Sleep, little baby, 't is bye baby t ime
Thy mother will sing thee a bye baby rhyme,
Will sing of the day that my baby will see
When baby, my baby, a woman will be
The day that Is dawning,_
The bright golden morning,
Its ~y Is an awn ing, my baby, for thee.
No dri ve•· shall drive thee In terror or tea rs,
Nor judge shall condemn thee to long silent years,
No sla ver, m .v baby, In ambuscade lies
To steal. all the lau!)hter from Innocent eyes
Oh sweet baby mine
My arms shall entwine
Thy star that shall shine In the beautiful skies.
'
.,
•
Thy mother, rock·a- baby, has wept In the night
For thy fathe r, my baby, that'JO out In the fight
But a new world Is making, my own little girl
Mother sees In her dreams its bright banners unfurl
For the night lies behind thee
Its ch a ins sl>all no't bind thee
Its ghouls shall not find thee, my sweet pretty pearl.
In the day that Is coming, that's fast on the wing,
Brave men shall· rejoice and sweet women shall sing
A lover Is coming my baby to woo,
Mother sees him In dreamland, so strong and so true
Now he lies at his rest
On his own mother's breast
So smile In thy nest for she's singing of you.
So sleep, little baby, through bye · baby time
With this In thy dreams for a bye · ba by rhyme
One day thou shalt teach thine own baby to dream
As thy moth~r .!'~ t~kbes tbe.e,..JJ.Ule_su.nbeam.-s s fie sings soft and low
For her baby shall grow,
'v'v' here her summers shall flow like a beautiful stream.
�264
The Western Comrade
The Seamstress
B
From that blithe and impertinent organ of the revolution in New York, The Masses, the following sketch Is
culled. Along with this culling there goes a wishing that this might have been the first magazine to publish
this bit of art-thought from the pen of Adriana Spadoni, one of the numerous California writers, to hie themselves to the equally broad but less sunny shores of the Atlantic. And as just an added bit of information about
this little sketch let it be known that ·current Opinion liked it so well that it welcomed it to its own columns.
And now, thus formally introduced, yDu .may read on.-Editors.
r=====~
,
T"
HE woman laid down the skirt she was
binding and listened. The street door
below closed, someone went into the
front room, and then shuffling feet came
up the sairs.
··Are ye in? It's yur friend."
The snuffling feet went down again.
_
The woman rose, folded the skirt neatly, and crossing to the curtained corner
took a black jacket from a hook behind
and a small black hat from the shelf
above . Before she put on the hat she tightened her
coi l of auburn hair and picked up a few loose threads
from her !Jiack marino waist. She had soft,· helpless
hands spattered with light freckles. The black jacket
was too tight and gaped in front. Above her face looked
large r and paler than before, as if it had been compreai:lcd upward . The eyes, with much close sewing,
wer-e slightly red about th e lids and tiny red veins
netted the eye!Jalls. When she was ready she pulled
th e window down from the top, drew the blind that no
one might look in across the narrow lightwell, locked
the door and put the key in her stocking.
As she e ntered the front room below a man got up
quick ly from the shabby sofa in the corner. He was a
tnll man with military shoulders. He looked as if he
sho uld have been in uniform.
"I was afraid you might not be in," he said nervously,
and the hand he held out trembled, although it was a
strong hand, bony and well s haped. "No, I'v e been working at home all day."
"Then you need a breath of air." He tried to smile
naturally, but his lips twitched and he seemed in a hurry
to get out.
"This air is enough · to choke anyone," he said impali nOy as they stood for a moment in the narrow hall
while the woman buttoned a pair of gray cotton gloves.
"Does she cook cabbage all the time?"
"Most of the time, I reckon . Unless it's the odor
of the original one in the air yet." The man smiled a
little less nervously and held the door open in the manner of a man accustom d to such service. At the foot
of th front steps he tumed to her.
'"Have you any preference?"
"Anywhere. It reallv doesn't make any difference."
H
E HESITATED a moment and then, turning
sharply to the left, began climbing the steep hill
b fore them. It was cold, with a cheerless gray
mi t creeping farther and farther in among the gray
wooden hou es. The mal). shivered a little, and she
tri d without his noticing it to button the three gaping
buttons.
Block after block they walked without speaking.
Th man s mood dictated the silence, but there was no
mb rras ment In it. From time to time she glanced at
him .as Jt -lookiag-.fm--a ·gn, -amt-ghmced away agafil"
without having said anything. The man star d ahead,
his dark, lean face set, as if the mu cles had b n worn
away by nervous friction. At last the sky gr w darker
and a dull red glow of the city's lights spread through
the low-hanging fog. The man turned.
"I didn't think It would come so soon again,'' he said
in a . weak, petulant voice. "It's not more than thr e
weeks, is it?"
I
"Almost four. Three and five days."
The man shrugged wearily. !.:What's the good,
Kathie, I can't do it.".
.
The woman laid her hand on his arm. "Yes, you
can," she said softly, anc there was something in her
voice like the ring of a finely toned bell. "You're b tt r,
lots better than last year."
"Kathie, I'm not worth it.'' The man looked at h r
with tired, discouraged eyes. "It's got too strong a
bold."
"Let's go and have something to eat." She spok
cheerfu ll y. "I was so busy today I didn't have time to
stop for lunch."
They walked on again, silent as before. A( last
they came to a restaurant wllCise swinging electric sign
cut the darkness of the block.
"I g uess this wi ll do?"
He nodded, and they went ln.
A
S THJ!: officious walter dropped the red velvet·
curtain of the small private box behind them, be
winked at a fellow worker. The other returned
the wink. "Poor fellow, madam has the face of squash.''
When the first waite r· took in the tea and toast and
strong black coffee tha~ had been ordered, there was
under the professional indifference in his eyes a faint
• shadow of curiosity.
The woman broke the toast delicately with her
plump, freckled hands, and ate In that indescribable
way of a person used to the proper thing. In the same
indescribable way the man drank the strong black coffee from the thick cup. When it was almost gone be
looked up.
"Do you think I'd better go in again, Kathie?"
"How long has it l~sted this time?''
"Only a few hours-so far. I felt It coming on atter
lunch, so I hurried over. to you."·
"Don't you feel as if you could ward it oft'!" She
spoke slowly, knitting the palely red eyebrows. "You're
really-so much-better, I hate--to have--you go in
again."
"I know." The long nenous fingers played with the
saucer. "I thought it was going to be all right after the
last time, and then-this afternoon-"
The woman le ned across the table with an oddly
graceful motion.
"Don't you really belie,·e you can do It alone?
hate to have you go."
"I don't know Kath~ I Jlwl1 Jmow." he. upeated
helplessly:- ·'Ir-y~u could-"
�The Western Comrade
265
The man buried his head in hls arms and groaned.
was no good, no good till I found you again, Kathie."
''I'm going to quit, Kathie, I'm going to quit. What's
Now he did see her. "Why do some wome n-underthe use? A West-Pointer-first in the class-and now
· stan.d, Kathie," he asked simply.
an und er-draughtsman when I cad keep the job. What
"I don't know, Bob. I suppose-It's-to even things
would the folks· at home say tO' that?" •
up- for those who have rio charm, no beauty."
A faint moisture glistened in the woman's eyes,
He made no effort to contradict. "It's the lonereddening the network of tiny veins.
sameness, the awful lonesomeness. You don't know
"He was proud of you, wasn't he?"
what it is."
"Do you remember the first appointment; the quick
" No." she said quietly. " I don't get much time to
promotions?"
be lonely. I'm pretty busy."
"Yes, Bob, 1 remember them."
He looked almost envious. "I wish I could find
"How did it get such a hold, Kathie?" he · asked~ty in mere work," he answered peevishly. "But
plainti\'ely. "1 wasn't worse than the others at first."
drawing-boards and blue-prints seem so foolish without
Beatrice." Again · he stared beyond her. She reached
~
for her gloves, and began buttoning the tight jacket.
HI•; woman's thick shoulders shook. "Perhaps it
"Shall we go?"
·
was in the blood, Bob."
"Perhaps, h.~ answered wearily, "but I never
S THEY walked back the man talked and the
ilPard of another Farthi11gton that was a drunk-a comwoman listened. The heaviness was gone. With
JllOll drunk."
vivid touches be sketched the me n Jat the office,
"Yuu'rt> not. You 're not that." A dull color crept
r epea ted bits of interesti ng gossip, anecddtes at which
into ti re pale. fat face. "And you're getting better all
they both laughed. Wh en th ey reached the house he
• il <· tim e. Las t year-"
we nt lightly up the ste]YS and opened the door for her.
A tittle hope g limmered in the man's eyes. "Do you
A tiny jet of gas flared in the draft. Behind a closed
r•·all;· think -so. Kathi e~ Yes, 1 guess- ! am- a littledoor someone was snoring. The man dropped his voice
til;tlll\s to yon."
as he took the woman's hands.
"You·,.<' done it yourself. lloh. Nobody could have
"Thank you - a thousand times. It's going to be all
tll:tdP ;·nu, if- ''
right this time, too."
"You made me. Some how if
ca n get to you in
The woman smiled. "Of course it is. It's going to
till!!'. that g nawing, hiting thing insid e goes to sleep.
get easier and easier t·ight along, and soon there'll be
somPlwll· you bring the othet· hack, the plantation, the
no next time."
:<low. hot day s uf peace. the- " ...
"Do you know, Kathie,
believe that-1 believe
''You will be able to do it alon e soon, Bob.:' The
you're right. Really I have a lot of will. If Beatrice
tu•a ,-y fa1·e was immobile. exce pt for the shadow of a
1fli,d only und e rstood- and then after- it was so lonewpar;· smile about the shapeless !ips.
,
sgme-"
" \\'hen you say it like that,t·y believe it-till the
The woman withdrew her hands and turned to the
nPxt time."
stairs. "Yes," she said soothingly, "I know. But it \
"And soon there won't be a next time." The woman
will be different now."
laughed softly, and again the ring of a fin ely toned
"I believe it will." The voice was young with hope.
bt•ll came into her voice.
"I have a will, you know--only it hasn't-seemed
The man laid his strong brown hand on her's.
worth while."
"li:;1.thie, if happiness ever comes back into my life, I
"I know," she said again as she began slowly mountshall owe it all to you ."
Ing the stairs. "Good night. If you get good news-"
The woman looked down into her plate. "Have you
"You shall be the first to bear it, Kathie-the very
heard-lately?"
first. Good night-and . thank you."
"She's on her way home," he whispered. "I saw it
As she bent to get the keys from her stocking,
in the society news yesterday."
s~uffling feet moved from the banisters of the hall
The freckled hand quil·ered. "Edgar, too?"
above. Her room was cold and damp, for the narrow
''It didn't say. But she wouldn't leave him in Paris
light- well drew the fog like a funnel. When she had
alone . without he r."
hung the black jacket on its nail and put the hat in
"He must be-quite-a. boy- now."
its box she sat down, drew the lamp close, and finished
"He's almost eight."
putting on the binding of the skirt.
T
A
• • •
A
THESE
~'JU-"
They shall be gentle, brave and strong,
To spill no drop of blood, but dare
All that may plant man's lordshi p firm,
On earth, and fire and sea and air.
GAl they were silent, until the throbbing in the
woman's throat forced her to say something.
" \Vhen are they due?"
''About three weeks." The man looked up. Behind
the despair in his eyes there was something flickering,
trying to lil·e. "She said a year. If I could-for one
whole year- she wou1d- trust me again. It's six
tuonths- since 1 was really bad- because the last time-
" Yes," the woman interrupted quickly. "It's six
tuonths.''
•
The flickering spark in the· man's eyes grew stronger.
.. .\Iy God!" be whispered. "If-I could. Think of it,
1-\athie! She-would- take-me back. Beatrice would
take me back. She would be my wife again. It's four
~ Ntrs since she went and took Edgar. Four-yea;s."
The woman knew he did not se .J:!~r. He was staring<•ac'K Town the years.-~r years-and I have tried.
'low I tried the first y_ear-and the next, too. But it
TH IN GS MUST BE . DONE
By J.
Symonds
These th i ngs shall bel a loftier race
Than e'er the world hath known shall rise
With flow'r of freedom In the ir souls,
And light of science In their eyes.
A.
Nation w i th nation, land with land,
Unarm'd shall live as comrades free;
1n ev' ry heart and brain shall throb
The pulse of one fraternity •
New arts shall bloom -of loftier mold
And mightier music thrill the sklu,
And ev'ry life shall be a song,
When all the earth Is paradise.
-
--r=:--=:-::-::=-=~==-=-=:::----r'flese
ngs-they are no dreams-shall be
For happier men when we are gone;
These golden days for them shall dawn,
Transcending ought we gaze upon.
--
�2Gfi
The Western Comrade
THE FEDERATION IDEA
'
· By j. L. E N G D A H L
and influential minds in ·the
American f<'ederation of Labor were
having their say. The storm of debate
dashed against and was hurled back
E>
from the question: "Shall officials ot
the A. F. of L. also be permitted to
belong to the National Civic Federa~
tion ?" The time and place-the 1911
con\·e ntion of the A. 1''. of L. at Atlanta,
Ga. Down in front someone had long
been see king to gnin the recognition of
!'resident Samuel Gomvers. At J~st he got it. Then he
IJcgan to talk. It was- Max Hayes, of Cleveland, 0.,
veteran in tlt<' Soda list st ntggle.
H<' talked little of the Civic Federation nor did he
denounep the ignorauce of his fellow-delegates. He
talk<>ll much and earnestly of the growing and multiplying JIO\I'<•r of !!apitalism.
"'J am glad that my friend, Hayes. here, has finis!J f d
ltiH ann11al propaganda sJtecch," said "Big Jim·· Lynch;
the n<>xl spl•aker, the international head of the Typographical t·n ion.
It also happeus that Hayes is a printer. Annually
they sit dose to each other in the councils of the
Atuerican Federation of Labor. Just as often Hayes
tlnswervingly assai ls tit<• citadels of exploitation and
s eeks to interpret to thosp about him the handwriting
that indi!Htrial evolution inscribes upon the pages of
tht> years.
It has been a hard and discouraging fight. Year
aftpr Y<'ar it SPemed as if no progress was being mad e.
Now it sN•ms, however, that the lJig thing- Am e ri ca ·s
Organizf'd Lahor- is on the forward move.
"' I was surpriserl- agreealJ Jy surprised- at the progress that had lJeen made."' said A. A. lllyrup, interna tio nal prf'sident of the llakE'rs· Union. upon rpturni ng
last .1·par from th e l!l 12 convention al Roches ter. N. Y.
1\lyrup had missed several conventions and was th E'refore altlc to note the contrast all the bette r.
After a ll the Llattle is the sc hool of the toiler. Suffering is his teache r and delegates to aJiilllal eonl·entiuns o nl y talk .and hav e writtf'n down the stenographic
account of the lessons that h e has lea med.
It was in the biltf't' war aga inst the lllinois Central
and Harriman railroads that t he Fede ration idea of
organ izing th e railroad s hopmen r eceived its greatest
imp<.>tus at a gathering held at Kansas Cit~· . Mo., in
April. 1!112.
The amalgamating of a ll the shopmen on ail the
railroads- th e object sought- was called the f<:>deration
of federations, and the hope was a general strike of all
the s!.opmen in ordet· that victory might perch upon the
lJanners of Labor. The move was new, success has not
yet come. but the struggle is s till going on.
l~or the Pllr)lose of this article no sacred words
sha !I hi:' rpcognized. Call it federation or industrial
unionism. or coin some other name if you like. "Big
.Jim" Lynch could refer to Hayes' effort to rouse the
slumbering Llra.in of LalJor as a ·•propaganda speech:'
but the fact still remained that the purblind eyes of
toil were gradually but surely beginning to see.
I shall attempt to here set down, not a hazy, specu la tive dream of the far future, but to indicate some of
t he phenomena-nm1cea i1eln he organized 1\:~ric~
11'!!!!!!!!!~~~~!'10\\'ERI<'L.L
.
p
labor movement that spell "GROWI:-\G SOLIDARITY ..
in letters large enough to threate n the peace of mind
of the industria"! masters who even now feel themselves
slowly slipping from the backs of all men. women and
children who labor. I shall also dare to prophecy on
what this growing olidat ity m Eaus for the next few
years.
Right now the American Federation of Labor is
sending a ,Pamphlet lJroadcast o\·er the nation <:>ntitled.
"Industrial Unionism." There is a sub-title, ''Its Relation to Trade Unionism:· The contents • of this pamphlet is in sbbstance the report of the executive council
of the American Federation of Labor to the Roeh<:>st<:>r.
~. Y., convention, 1912, in which it is declare~. ··tlw
subject is fairly discussed."'
The point isn't so much that indu trial unionh:m
resolutions we re defeated in the last A. t'. af L. con \'eutiou lJy a \·ote of two to one, or that the A. F. of
L. executil'e council has issued a pamphlet not at all
fa\·o ring it. The point Is that this question is hefort>
nearly 3,000,0uo organized workers of the nat ion for
discussion.
At its meeting the first Sunday of October the Chi cago Federation of Labor referred the qu<:>stion of in dustrial unionism to all affiliated locals, with a total
membership of a quarter of a. million, with the recom mendation that the locals discuss and vote on th e sulJ ject for the guidance illld direction of the central body.
When a quarter of a million get to talking indust1·ial'
solidarity o\·er their dinner lJuckets at the noon ho11r
with the reflected resu lts in union local meetings. the
outcome will soon affect cit)·, state and national federations.
The A. F. of L. executive council argues th at the
t rad e unions are not "rigid, unyield ing, or do not adjust themselves to meet new conditions and do not advance, develop or expand:' as is argued by a certain
type of so - called industrial unionists.
ThEl, declaration is made that "trade autonomy, ac cording to the ethics of the Ameri can Federation of
LalJor, means self-government. Craft autonomy does
not prohibit the amalgamation of kindred or oth<:>r
trades or calli ngs. It e n courages it."
Jt is then pointed out that th e A. F. of L. has "developed the system of industrial departments which
federate the organized workers of the different crafts.
trades and call ings and which co-operate for common
protection and advancement
the intere~ts of all."
The contention is made that "progress in the Organized Labor movement is the result of a natural
del'elopment." and that the organization of the Ameri can Ft>deration of Labor is such that it is able to meet
with "the varying Jlhases and transitions in industry.'·
\\.hile the organized Am erican labor movement has
no such organization as the German Metal \\'orkers·
l nion. considered au industrial union of all workers in
metal, it can be said that the American workers are
not subdil·ided into crafts to the ~:~arne extent as th e
British workers. In its last report detailing the result~
of jurisdictional ~utes the A. !<'. of L. exec util·e coun _clL..r.epar.t.s~ - - ·-·
- · - - - -·-·
"Years ago we severed the affiliation of the Amerl-
or
�The Wes t ern Comrade
can branch of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers,
and declared that inasmuch as its members performed
the work in several of the machinery trade91. the members thereof should belong to the Interqational {\.ssoclation of Machinists. The Allied Metal Mechanics'
International 1Jnion became part of the International
Asso ciation of Machinists, 3ntl the Machinists' Helpers'
Unions hav e become part thereof.
"The Amalgamated Wood \Yorkers' International
Union a malgamated with and became part of the
United Broth erhood of Carpenters and Joiners, and th e
American Branch of the Amalgamated Society of CaTpe nters has had its chartet· revoked because it refused
to amalgamate with the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiner s.
"In accordance with the instru ction s of the Atlanta
conn'ntion, efforts were mad e to have the International
Association of Steam and Hot \\'ate r Fitte rs and Helpers amalgamate with th e United Association of
Plumbe rs, Gasfitters, Steamfitters, and Steamfitte rs·
He lper s. Because of th e refusal of th e former. we have
e nd ea vor ed to carry th e instructions into effect that
th e re s hould he but one organization recognizEd in tire
piJ1e-fitting Industry, and that the 1I nited Assoc iation
of Plumb e rs, Ga s fitt e rs, Stea mfitters, and Stea mfitte rs ·
HPlpers. The l' ni ted Association has within its membership those lJran ches of th e trades includ ed in its
titl e.
"The International Molders' llnion of North Ame ri ca
now e nco mpasses mold ers of all metals, and some years
ago th e C'oremakers· Inte rnational Union beca me
amalgamated with it.
"'The Longshore men have pilots and steam shovelmen in add it ion to th e ir own work e rs, longshoremen.
"lllacksmiths have chain make rs and helpers.
"Th e Las ters' International Union becam e amalgamated with th e Boot and Shoe Workers' International
llnion.
"The Iron and Steel W·orkers are organizing th e
unskille d with the skilled of· the trade.
"Th e miners have jurisdiction ov e r all work in and
around th e mines.
"Granite Cutters have added polishers, rublJ e rs.
saw yers , and the tool sharpeners have been part thereof
from th e beginning.
"Quarry Workers have added derrickmen . boxing
and strapping.
"Railroad teleg~aphers have added station agents,
signalmen, train dispatchers, tel ephon e rs, pne umatic
iut'erlockers and staff men.
'.' The Journeymen Tailors' International Union , the
United Garment Workers of North America and th e
Ladies' Garment \Vorkers' International Union are e n deavoring to bring ahout an amalgation of the three
organizations, or to bring about a close r co-operative
effort.
"So on we might quote nearly all of the national
and international unions in their constant effort to a
more thorough and comprehe:nsive organization of their
own fe llow workers in the trade, or in kindred trade s."
Internecine war breaking out as the result of jurisdictional disputes has taught the workers many bitter
lessons. \Vhile this internal warfare has bee n going
on for th e most part among the better paid workers,
the so-called "labor aris\ocracy," it has militated
against the organization of the unskill ed and the underpaid.
The new era now opening in the organization ot
American labor includes the banding together of the
-ll·IHlk-i-1-1~-tm-d -mttrks-tire fUJilllllg Ofln US na aepart _:ments within the A. F. of L. The Rochester convention
saw reports from the building trades, metal trades, .min-
267
ing, railroad employes and the union label trades departmentS.
Affiliated with the building trades departments are
19 international unions, 173 local councils and two state
councils. This department is reported as serving as
"a sort of general clearing house where the dissatisfied
members might confer ip. regard to the conflicting trade
jurisdiction and reach some mutually agreeable understanding."
"It has been ·the conviction of this department that
joint efforts are necessary to attain greater progress
in organizing industries," reports Albert J . Berres, secretary-tt:easurer of the metal trades department, which
has now ·affiliated with it all eligible with the exception
of one international organi-zation, the International
Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen.
In his last. report Thomas F . Tracy, secretarytreasurer of the Union Label Trades Department, tells
or. the ~ffiliation of 38 nat~onal an? international u~iqns
wtth this department, whtch carnes on an educatwnal
propaganda in behalf of the union label. '!'he year 1912
saw the issuance of nearly twelve hundred million such
la bels. The Bakers' Union was in the lead with· 555,439,000 labels issued .
lm])atient workers at times speak slightingly of the
work done by these federations of toilers in industrial
de]Jartments. They speak least slightingly, however ,
of the mining department, which easily brought the
United Mine \Vorkers and Westem l<'ede ration of Mine rs togf:'ther at the Atlantic convention in 1912. This departm e nt secures the active co-operation of all organized miners on the North American continent. I \ is
now reaching out for the lake seamen and longshoremen engaged in the shipping of mine products, and
the .steel workers, who toil with iron ore and coal in the
nation's. gigantic steel industry.
The railroad employes' department does not yet include those "aristocratic" brotherhoods which still remain without the pale of the· American Federation of
Labor. This department relies for its main strength
upon the shopmen who have suffered at the expense of
better conditions and higher wages granted the more
docile employes of the operating depar tments.
In this department are to be found the International
Association of Machinists; the International Brotherhood of B()ilermakers, Iron Ship Builders and Helpers
of America; International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths
and Helpers; Brotherhood of Rail way Carmen of
America; Amalgamated Sheet Metal \Yorke rs' International Alliance.; United Association of Plumbers, Gas
Fitters and Steam Fitters' Helpers or the United States
and Canada; International Brotherhood of E lectrical
Workers; Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, and the
Switchme n'S' ·u nion, with the !lope that the Ot·der of
Railroad Telegra.phers and the ~intenance of Way
Employes will soon be added to this list.
Presid ent M. F. Ryan, of the car men, in his recent
report to his organization showed how early battles had
been won by the railroad. system federation idea of
organization in preventing th e extension of the piecework system on the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, and how a wage reduction was prevented
on the Southern Railroad by the Southern System
F ederation, composed of both the transportation and
shop organizations.
"It was almost immediately concedefl by a.ll," declares Ryan, in reporting on these successes, "that if
joint action and federation was a good thing to prevent
the introduction of piece-wo.rk.__a.ud..-.wa.g.&-r-e<eHe_,- that it certainly wou ld be a good thing for their protection in all other matters of mutual concern."
The big test came when 30,000 men were struggling
�2f18
The Western Comrade
in twenty-toso states against the combined- financial
power of all the Wall Street interests callEd to the
rt<Scue of the Illinois Central and the Harriman lines
In their el'forts to crush this "Socialistic" spirit of organization among the shopmen employed by them.
If It was good for all the crafts on one system to
get together, then, it was argued, it was good for the
work ers on all the systems to get together. The result·
waK the fed e ration of all the system fEderations which
received the name of the Railway Employes DepartmeO:t
of the Amerlr:an l"ederation of Labor at the 1912 Roch f'Kl!•r <·onventlon. This was admittedly one of the bigg eM forward steJH:! ever taken by the railroad workers
of till!! 1·ontinent.
Tlw iudwHrlal d('Jiartment idea of organization is
111'1\'. It fW<'tTI H to lw making giant !;trides. '\\'bether it
will he ahl" to sue1·essfully com i.Jat · the growing trusts
atHl l'otllldnations of capiwl opposed .to Organized Labor
J'f; luahl !l 1o h1• HI•P IL It hat> already ;been so successful,
hoWI!\'1'1', that additional <,lepartments of a similar natur•· w11l 110 doubt h P organized as soon as pos~ible .
Sud1 d<·partntC'Illtl will he the wearing apparel deparlltii•IJI a11d the food dPp:Htmcnt, with the likelihood
of )JI'illllng tracl<·s and I h1•atrical Pmployes devartments.
Tl1" 111aking of the uation 's <:lothes is one of the
<·Oilllll'.\' 's gi'I·<J t 1st ind ustrics. Yet til e organization of
1111• worl<('rs in this inllu,;try iH somewhat chaotic.
\\'hi II' t 11 o organiz:ll ions of s_hoe workers are ca rrying
011 <l dual <·tiJIIIJat the Hattf'l's' lfninn is hav ing a liard
tlllll' of it with tlu• l'Ourts and hig hat 1nanufacturers.
In 1111· nu·autinlC' N P \\' England gi\·es cddence of the
lad< of organization in the texti iC' industri es while the
I ' I'Y of lltC' l·hi ld slaves is f'ontinually heard from the
<·ott on fadorlp s of I. he South.
Th1• ha t ti cs of LawrencP., Mass., and Paterson, N. J.,
addl•d t o thC' r PpC'alC'd confli cts of the garment wo1:kers
In Nl•W York Cit y, Chi cago and other large cities indi<:lltfl that <'lospr federation is needed between th e workers who l'lothe th e nation.
The raplt a li sts are n ot l.Jeh indhand . When the button workers of Muscatine. Ia., went on strike the fa ctories we re rlosed and th e work tran sfe rred to factoriC'!'\ In New York. Wh e n the silk workers of Pater so n , N . .T., were s tarving for the caui!e of labor, Sears,
rio buck & Co., of Chicago, the world's wonder in mail
order houses, s hippe d silk weaving machines to the
Paelflc Const, brought Japs across the Pacifi c from the
Orient and s uppli ed its custome rs as if no ;·evolt on the
part of 1 he worke r ey had ever take n place.
· The same is tru e. o nly to an eve n greater ex tent,
of thl• food producers of the nation. The bakers have
wln~t som e call an industrial union.
So have the
browNs. The t eams t e r on the wagon is as mu ch a
bnkery or brewery worker as h e who watches the ma rhi nC'S lw<>ad the dough or wh o puts labels on bottles
of bC'C'r. Yet t hese industrial unions feel that someth ing morE' must be accomplished.
"It Is not suflicl nt to have all the men employed
in th baking and brewing industries, which are only
s mall 1mrts of the entire foodstuffs industry, banded
togethN into o ne organization," declares Gustav Mostll"r, editor of the Brewery Workers' JournaL "They
nlone ttt·c compa.rnti\·!'Jy powerless against the combin -tl fot·re. of t h e food •manufacturing emJlloyers' as.o lations. In the .ame proportion that a strike, under
the Jll'esent capitalist system of production, inaugurated
by a small group of workingmen in a single shop is
u.eiE>ss: o will th ine vitable struggles of the future.
in strikes inaugurated by single organizations in the
Co d indnstt~', also pt·o,·e usele s and ineffective.
"A st.l'ik will onlY be -elfectl~ 1n rufure struggles
when all Ill!'!\ emplo-yed in the food industry are closely
united and when all the e men, in complete solidarity
basEd upon the identity of their common interest , are
able to t,ake up the fight against capital at one and
the same lime."
One of the most spectacular labor battles the nation bas seen was that of the butcher workmen against
the growing beef trust. Through their experiences
with the growing monopoly in bread the bakers see
rEasons for standing side by side with the employes
of the beef combine.
While tightening its claws in a firmer grasp upon
the meat supply we see the beef trust dealing extensively in eggs, poultry, potatoes, fruits, grain, grapes,
butterine, butter, cheese and other household necessities common to the kitchen. The Swifts have bought
up fish canneties in different .parts of the country. They
also have pineapple plantations in far-off Hawaii. The
Armours are big dealers in cereals and grapes.
When the beef trust puts its hand into the grain
market, especially in wheat, it immediately gets its
thumb on the flour mills, thus. working around the br~ad
industry. Thus the gigantic food trust comes into l.Jeing
and in order to combat it the workers in the food industry must de\·elop a solidarity at ·least of equal If
JJOt greater poten cy.
Thus the bakers may now l.le said to have an industrial union. Yet they are only part of the worke r s in
the g t·eater food industry. And the production of food
is only part of that greater system of production and
distribution, wh ich feeds, houses and clothes the people
of the world. F or the t ime bei n g capital has gained a
lea p o n Organize d Labor in that it shows greater solidarity for the moment t h a n the working class.
The remedy is not in hurried ly mapping out an ideal
but e lus i ve plan of o rganization and shouting to the
working class to get ahoard for immediate transportation to · the co-operati ve co mmonwealth. It is rather
in continuing to carry on an increased educational propaganda urging the solidarity that is necessary to e man ci pation. Whe n all workers recognize that theirs Is a
universal brothe rhood then the form of organization
best adapted to every situation will come of itself.
"Industrial unionism is just beginning to manifest
itself in all the departments of industry throughout the
world," writes John M. O'Ne ill, In a recent number of
Miners' Magazine, official organ of the Western Federat ion of Mi~ers. "Conditions being created by the 'captains of industry' w ill force the working class togethe r
intO an army that WiJI ye t prove inYin cibJe tO 'pr edatory
wealth.'
"The time is coming when even the champions and
advocates of craft autonomy will be forced t o abandon
t heir obsolete theories of o rganizati on and stand for a
system of organization that will bri ng labor together
industrially and politically to overthrow the Samson
of organized greed.
"The employers stand together as a unit to give battle to the working class, and Labor will see the necessity of o rganizing along class lines to end the hellish
system that enslaves humanity."
And this is only an echo of Karl Marx's age-long
plea-"Workers of the ·world Unite!" The labor movement has always progressed like an irresistible glacier and there are no immediate indications that it is
suddenly preparing to take on the qualities of an
a\·alanche.
So the militant, class-conscious wo1·ker, like Max
Hayes thundering in the balls of the American Federation of Labor, must keep up the fight which will ulti..llli!telY -.be....crol\:ned -WitJI Ht~-1aurets of' 1'1Ct0ry over an
outgrown system of civilization that is soon to pus
away.
�The Western Comrade
269
THE LILIES OF THE FIELD
By
--=~~~:'1
\ T·-:-. .
GEORGIA
HI!: liliEs of the field.
Everybody is considering them.
What time the papers. are not fill~d
with rhapsodical panegyrics on the fall ·
fashion show and the Easter demonstration, the space left from · the advert.tsing
of fashions is more or less taken up
. with piffling diatribes against woman's
dress.
Periodically members of the Business
Men's Ananias Club furnish the press
with the statement that woman's dress is ruining the
c·ountr~·. As a matter of fact, I can think of few things
that would be more disastrous to business and to such
prosperity as th e re 'is in the country than for all women
to d'ecide to dress rationally. Many a scoffer would
lose his employment in the resulting stagnation. It
"·ould be almost as cataclysmic. to business as if all
the working people shou ld quit drinking and smoking
and save their mon ey.
It wou ld be fl ying in the face of facts to deny that
~ex at tra!'tion has anything to do with the modes of
dress in vogu e at various times; just as much so as
it would be to assert that it is th e only, or even the
chief explanation of th e m, and one cannot ignore an
plement of masculine perversity which lends gaiety to
the s ubject.
E1·er since that old primeval snake in the grass- a
male creature, by the way-stood up on his tail and put
'ideas for th e firs t fashi on show into our first fore mother's ear, down to th e Los Ange les high school boys
" ·ho have ju st gravely resolved that the attire of the
high school girls interferes with the ir scholarship, man
has been outwardly deprecatiti g and inwardly adoring
woman's frocks and frivol s. He has cursed them and
s laved for th e m, ridicule d and run after them. Incitl entallr, he has de veloped our bus iness system.
T1vo ways of escape open to women who object to
criticis m of their clothes by men. Dress sensibly or
wear shabby things. lri either case no man will taln.
enough inte rest in you to criticise you. Even though
he may not know a Paul Poiret from a peplum or the
diffe rence between charmeuse and butternut jeans. the
a 1·e tage man is, according to his light, a Josiah Allen
a-ru nnin' after fashion.·
A s ttidious young g irl who must perforce choose between pretty clothes and the furthering of certain intellectual a m bitions said wistfu ll y to a wise dame:
''Mae wears th e love lies t things to school. She's
got a peg-top skirt and it's slit to show he r rose petticoat and her coat t ies around her knees just too sweet
so she can hardly walk, and you ought to see the boys
swa rm around her- the very smartest ones."
Mae has to wear we ights in her hems, her head Is
so buoyant, so the wise dame said:
"And you just watch MUJ! walk off with the boy who
will be a senator at th e least. Now, you will never
get a man worth shucks. You're not going at it the
right way."
The young girl said, "I wonder why men are like
that."
"So that ten years hence they can tell some other
~·oman i.h e¥ are-net--undePst-oed-at --lrome;- alll:llrwnrJ)e'
a m iracle if the other woman is not a case of clothes,
too," said the wise dame.
KOTSCH
You would think just .now that the subject or extremes In woman's habiliments was brand new, but that
is only .beca.use it is perennially new. Formerly the
hue and cry was of full, heavy skirts and every paper
went into sanitary spasms over the deadly microbes
which mothers carried t o the nurseries of their hapless
offspring after performing the civic task of sweeping
the streets. Now, that no microbe is agile enough to
find foothold on woman's clothes, the air is roseate
with masculine blushes over the immodest styles which
ar·e betraying the mortifying fact that woman has
nether 'extremities-quite an irresistible theme. It cor~oborates in a way a theological dogma, for certainllJ
if the creator of all good had been left to himself hEI
would have equipped woman with a roller skate instead
of such immoral appendages. What a boon such a
peregrinating pedestal would be, now when ·skirts 'are
worn upside down, goes without saying.
lf you will look in the files of the wartime papers
you will find that although the soldiers could meet on
th e battlefield with valor they were the same querulous
chaps we know so well when it came to meeting the
ladies and they cried at being crowded out of the concourse by the decorous crinolines which left the method
of woman's locomotion entirely to the imagination.
\Vhe n dresses were cut short at the top the tumult
was just as great as when they we·re long at the bottom, but all these were as nothing to the scare that
rocked tlte nation when the practical costume of
bloomers was advocated.
Heavens! Ankles!
BettEr fat· a H erodian massacre of the innocents,
better be crowded into outer darkness, than that manly
l'irtue s hould be put to the test of an exposed ankle.
Apropos of man's courage in taking risks, the parade
g round of fashion In Los Angeles- the west side of
Droaclway- is known and spoken of as "the female
side of the street," it being lined with shops which cater
almost excl u~ively to the fair sex. Does a shocked
unfair sex shun it? I have seen men standing before
the r evolving figures in the windows, notebook and
drawing pad in hand. That is a matter of business, you
say. .Ju st so- business. Well, anyhow, I venture the
assertion that if an ordinance ·should be passed restricting m e n to the east s id e of the street- Perdu!
the oculists would be overwhelmed with a demand . for
distance glasses.
How can we think otherwise when,.a minister of the
gospel has confessed from the pulpit to having "risked
one eye" on a s li t in a skirt. Not but what it seems
to me that the cloth , of all people, should risk both eyes
in a clean, OJlen gaze on any skirt, no matter how
seriously slit, s ince it preaches that the body is the
temple of the Holy Spirit.
It mus t not be inferred from the foregoing that I
ani less harrowed than ordinary folks at the spectacle
of wome n in swaddling clothes, like over-sized pappooses, trying to navigate Broadway, but I have seen
fashion shows which distressed me more. Once a year,
before we bad free text-books, the mothe,rs of young
America came out to buy books on the first day of
school, atbetlc a olo !:tic flgn res.-too...asham~f--t-bel:
shabbiness to hold their own with the clerks behind
the counters. Needless to say the papers did not give
:space to their costumes.
�270
The Western Comrade
Now, why all this froth and fizzle published abo,!!!
woman's dress? Why is this pretense on the part of
men played up for so much more than it is worth?
For the same reason that we are deluged daily wjth
crimes and sensations, pseudo science and false phil osophy. 1t is to mak e you l ook pleasant while you
are being hel d up. The papers print the dress stuff, not
because they are shocked, but to mask the issues that
are important to the masses of the people.
The ca \'iling i s not applicabl e to all, but is merely
th e f eaturing of a elass of women. The majority of
women have too little to be artistically, self- respectingly or f·omfona!J l y clothed. It i s th e Jilie.s of th e
fl eld who drPss in th e moues. Of cours e the dogfennel
and ragw,·<·ds do thPir sha!Jb~· brav e~t to imitate them.
ThP Jilic•s an' an exPmplifir·ation of the old saw,
"'Sata n find s some mi schie f for iule hands to do." Their
c·lothes <H<> dPsigBPfl to proclaim to all and sundry that
thP lilif's uo Bot have to degrade thim scli"PS with work.
Th<·.Y u n· till' dsi!Jlp tokC>n of th eir pr111·er to compel
others to work for th em. 'J"!Jp husinPss of cateri n g to . th e Jili (s and th ei r imitators i s Oil(' of til(• Jargf•st in thP world. Great for lllllf's rf•st 11pon it. Its adrertisin!'; is tlw life-blood of
th<· new~pap<•rs . Th e lily adopts thP sty le;;. hut hu si nPss c r eat<• s l!ll·m . I am met by th e argument that if
IJII sittess Wf•n• the ar!Jiter of fashions tlwy would ne1·er
be sc·ant. si nf"P th('I"P i s a Joss on l11 e yards of mat erial.
I IJaH· not oiJSf'r\'f'd busin ess C"Utting off its 0\\"Jl nose.
\\'itl1 t!JP ~ f·ant sly !Ps th<•rp is a suh tle af!l·ance on
mat,•rial all alon~?; t.he JinP. whir·h l"f'lllains wh en th ey
('Xpand :1gain. Th <· tnriff f'ithf>r go(•s up or it doesn 't
and :H·c·oJJnls for thP pricP.
l "nd erw ear i-; su m e11·hat
di tninishNI. hut what thl'n' i s, 0, m~· duf·at s !
Y ou
f"an"t \\"f'ar your old flour saf"k ling<> ri p with an X - radiant
gown nor y..t with Oil!' which is dontlf'd with a shoe
horn. ancl corspts 11·prp neH'I" ~o fearfully and wonderfully tnadP-a ncl prif·f'll.
ThP rpquin·nll•nts of trad<• n ccf'ssitate the running
of tlil' gamut from full to sf"ant and hack again. with
all possib le 1·ari at i ons.
,\ protE>s t inJ?; man delivPn•d h imself at on e jab of a
plaint agai n st the special pril"i !E>ges of "the female
~ll"l" an d thPir present hun f"hiJwss _amid ships hy saying, " I f I ·shou l d go dow n town with my pants on hind
side befon• l 'd be arrested." That would depend, howel·er. al togt>ther u pon whethE>r t r ousers worn thus had
hePn fea t 11 r pd in t he shop windows . Any monstrosi ty
" ·hif"h r ccP il"(•s t he benE>dic.tion of business becom es
illlJlPCCaiJJ p.
The lily u[ th e fiel d i s not rui ni ng the coun try. Sh e
i s more o m inous t han t hat. H i storicall y she has
prPsagPcl the d E> cay of c i v ilizations, as so abl y set forth
by Olive Schreiner in "Woman and Labor." A.t a certain stage of civilization she quits . wor\{ and becomes
a sex parasite. This manifestation is hastened in modern life by the great wealth piled up by the use of
machinery.
Great numbers of women also, who do not properly
be l ong to the lily class, are involuntarily condemned to
sex ,parasitism. They · are not the very poor, for the
ver y poor can always afford children to keep them
bUlly. They a"re the modern cave-dwellers whom capitalism masses near shop and office work, shut up in
tiny fiats ov apartments. They have nothing to do and
no space in which to do anything. They cannot have a
baby or a pig or a garden. Thousands of them pine
for work to broaden their Jives a bit, but if they seek
it they only aggravate the cheap labor problem and
crowd" out others more needy. 'About the only outlet
for their necessarily idle lives is dress and the ·changing fashions, and they arc not to blame.
Tell m e, gentle sirs who criti cise, where has the
young g i rl who Jea\'e&' school after thE> grades and goes
to work, h::id a chance to acquire good taste? )\'hat
goal docs soci ety set be fore her but the <:atc·hing of a
man to support her? In all the literature ·I ha,·e read
upon th e minimum wage for wom en I have n ever fo.und
it to include m onE>y to lay by for old age or to help
pro\'ide. for a future famiiy. It is ne1·er aught but a
temporary makeshift until a man to provide these
things can be landed. Dress is the bait.
1 was ask ed b~· an anxious man what the dress of
thE' future emandpa te fl woman would be like.
" You cau seE> that fot· yourself," I repl i ed, "any time
you go down the street.'"
"But I don 't see," h e a1·erred.
"Needless to mention it." says I. "You are looking
at the l atest thing in skirts. There are al ways a few
wom en and th~ streets tas t:efully and beautifully
dressed . Th ese are the forerunners, the few who have
education, good taste and the means to dress accordingly."
I profess no seeress· vision of the number of gores
and darts in th e future woman 's dress. but this I know:
People cral"e the beautiful; art eternally strives for
expr ession. When the pal sying, di storting pressure of
special pril"ilege is lift ed and people have a chance to
devel op natur ally, when work is not a slavish th i ng of
wh i ch to be asham(jd, but a healthy exercise in which
men and wom en share, with justly proportioned re wards; wh en we all have the means to gratify good
taste, when there is no incentil"e to flaunt a badge of
power over anoth er , th.en will a dress that is at once
arti sti c and practi cal evol ve for woman as naturally
as grows a beau t iful an d useful plant.
THE ·c HAINLESS CHAINED
By Da \'id Fulton Karsner
I look at y o u s ittin g there on. th e 9ark ben c h r eadin g a p a pe r th at y o u f ound." You see m t o rea d o n ly t o kitl the lon g h ours
th a t drag Into lo n g er d ays. Atl a bo ut you r ea rs th e tumultuou s C I'Y of c omm erce.
I see y ou s mile as th e hum of th e s ubway fills you r e ar. I sa w you sneer a s you w a t c hed a n o ld man hobbl e by y ou, his
b ac k bent under a he a vy load. I saw you turn your head when an old woman c am e by with a huge basket balanced o n her
f eeble shoulder. You lifted your hand to your f ace a nd ca u ght a tear th a t filled your eye when you s a w l i t tl e children , w i t h
their luncheon under the i r a r ms, hu r ry i ng to work at sunrise.
And there you Jat, In fhe same '"pl a ce, o n the same park ben c h, a tl d ay lon g . T he po l icem a n p a sses by a nd you c h a t w i th
h i m. You a nd he a re c o mra des, It seems.
.
Y o u are not afra id of h is club for you know he would not st ri ke you.
He is n ot afrai d of the fierce e x p r essi on on y q ur
face for he knows you r spiri t Is broken , dead. The club Is used to bru i se th e sp i r i t m ore th a n the f lesh . Y ou rs w a s b r u i sed ,
oh, so m a ny times. And no one fe a rs you. Even the policem a n p i t i es you .
I love your phys ic al freedom, but I loathe your spi ritu a l sl a very. I w o uld ra the r be c h a in ed h a nd an d foo t in some mu st y
cell , with my spirit fre~, th a n to h a ve my h a nds and f eet fre e to do wh a t I d ecid e, and my sp i r i t d ead .
Your sn arl h a s no stmg. Your b i te has no polson. Your speech is without re solut io n. Your p r otest comm a nds no a n sw er
f r om tho se who c ons!llred a gainst you .
__ · - ---- And yet, my spirit ca n never be fre
e._y.o.u.l"S~Is ensla.Yed-. - M y-emanct patl on cfepena5li"j)Oi1 your r esurr ection.
Any
- --<>evotttt1on
ou"l"d--be- t"fl emwple e
a ed to revolve you Into the circle of l ife. You are a dead we i ght to live spi rits.
But d ea r b r other, you too wltl be free w i th me. We are com r ades In life and death.
�T 'h1e Western: C amzradl.e
T he Ignominy
of a
.
obby Rider
~
PTY DV'.MPTY sat on a-""
No, no, this fs not a nur ery tale
but the truly true stoi!Y· of a man who e
name and build &uggest tb!e famous
i:=:::::;;::;;=;rt couJ')Iet o1 cMMbood memory. It is the
story of John E. Humphries, jndlge of he
surrerior court or the state of Was!Jington for King County. An affectionate
ahbrt>viation easily makes him Humpty;
hi!'~ enemies added Dumpty, and there
yov have the man whose name has gone
the lf'ngth and breadth of the rnited States in the last
lf•W months on account of the sensational record he has
ma de upon the bf'ncb .
.Judge Humphries, ambitious, confident, determined,
111 ountl'(l that famous old steed, Injunction, astride of
whidl .fudge William Howard 'l'aft and many another,
notorious and not so, judicial· celebrity has ridden to
~-:n·ater glory and reputation; but alas and alack the
duv whPn the thought obsessed his mind, for that day
llll;rl<l'!l the beginning of his undoing. Great was the
s port for a while a s horiH! and driver cavortell about.
TIH l'l' was applause. amazement, amusement and dis).: li St, until finally th e performance wound up in a frenzy
,r l'X('Itenwnt, with th e ~;notring steed badly wrecked
al!ll the rldt•I' a -sprawl In th e du s t of the arena, limp
<IIIli Hll ud ued.
lllilleRt this reu~aln as unintelligible as the ball game
~ torr to tile average reader, we here check our ha-liahing Hpirlts to tell the story of the Seattle Free
Hpt•el·h Fight, so called," of 1918.
!'t grew out of the riots incident to the Seattle Golden
l'ollntl'h, nn annual camival and street fair, organized
fur 1he purpose of coining golden dollars for sundry
Real lie IJuHlness men and inciden tall y to commemorate
tht? uiHco,·ery of gold In the Kloudyke. On Friday night,
·nf the Potatch 'we k, the precise date being July 18,
following a hlp, h ip, hurrah speech by Secretary of the
l'\avy Daniels on the night p receding, a street brawl of
th e same night In which some soldiers and sailors had
a little the worst of it. and the more than usually lying
and 'lurid issue of the Seatt le Daily 'l'imes, a mob, consist lng principally of city h oodlums, but led by soldiers
nnd sailors from the fleet at anchor at the Bremerton
l'\1ny Yard and In the harbor, abetted and applauded
hy mllltat'Y officers of the United States, sacked and
:;et tlt·e to various premises occupied by the different
wings of the Socialist pari.y and the I. W. W.'s.
As a result of that riot the mtfyor of Seattle, basing
his authority on a provision of the city charter which
centers police and some other authority in his hands in
time of extra01·dlnary emergency, took personal control of tll'e ,pollC'e department, and, fearing the e1fect of
possible ince~1dl.ary utterances of the Times, made its
issue 'Oll Saturday and Sunday conditional upon the
proofs being :submitted to him f<tr his approval in the
int-erest of publl'C s:a'f'Cty, at the .same time al o ordering
the ci'Oslng o'f tJhe sail0ons for one day.
A.s '(l,".a_s Ito be expectJed, th<e edilt.or of tihe "il'imes,
kn.0wn..lot .!lli:s...bllQs!t.u-~~~ll.'lg, .a "¥etii'tftle
oM1eer 0n the jowrnwldstic sea'S, a lt:rnGuililroed iJijs <deterlnliillatJiGn 11.0 Jiss~e Jhis iiJ.aper JiuiS[l1te llilf aiil tlbalt tibe malf-or
on
of the ~ity might say G.r do. To p.re ent tb.ts; "lliol.atro~ o.t
e ma Oli"s ord:er. a e01'don. of" :p0lic& was ttl-V01Wllt ~~tbout
the e ttle Time bruldi.ng. t.hu b@i.ug; u:p, th.& ediUQll
of the
ver already off th.& pre es. and in tb b.and!ll·
of the new ooys who tilled th Times deliv&f'y roo.n1s.
ready to ally forth at th& first oppor-lunity. Ou.rtous
thousands toad about. lured by the greatest attfl;lct.i ou
of' the earnh·aJ, to % what th€' outcom€' would be,
Here' i ·where Judge Humphrie leaps. into fame ol"
infamy a your bia may judge his conduct. Col<mfl
Blethen, editor in chief and ownea· of the Times. dfd
not intend to bow to the man whom be had attaolced
upon every occa ion and imaglnan· pretext, and allow
him to dictate the contents of his paper, evE~n U10ugh tn
tile interest of public safety. Accordinglr appllcatlon
was made to Judge Humphries, who had Jll'tn'lously
'proved himtrelf exceedingly obliging to the 'l'lnws edl,
tor·s· wishes, e\'en going so far as to ordet· the expunging or mutiUation of portions of two grand jury r uort"
which displeased the editor, for an Injunc tion restr!\IU·
ing the ma);or fl'om interfering with the publkatlon and
distrib.J.IUon of the Times.
Thl judge immediate1Y I sued the llesh·NI injunction,
at the same time delivering a lecture on a mnyor \~·ho
would · stoop to such low actions as to s uppresR so
woi·thy a.nd indispensable a newspeddler as t h e Seattle
Times. As a result the mayor withdrew the pollee and
the times ·was issued as usual, filled on that and the
succeed i n~ Sunday with the vilest stuff printable about
Seattl e's mayo!'. Finding that relief, speed! r than the
dispenser of any patent · nostrum wou ld dare to claim
for his cure-all, was obtainable at Judge Humphries'
dispensary at the King County court houRe, the s11loon ·
keepers, one by one, sought and speedily obtalne(t restraini ng orders from h im, preventing th e mayot· from
closing t heir places of business.
·we now•come to the opening skirmis h or what hp,s
wrongly been termed Seattle's free speech tlght. The
corner of Fourth Avenue and Pike Street, one of the
busiest corners in the city, had been tailed by stteet
orators of a ll apinions, economic and rellglouf!, to pro.
pound t heir views to the passing crowd, ofttimes, It muat
be admitted, to the inconvenience of passersby and the
hindrance of traffic. It is probable that the riots ani!
false reports of insults to the flag by some of the street
orators precipitated action, at any.-rate husin ss men
and property owners around the corner In question
sought and obtained an Injunction preventing m eeti ngs ·
of all kind s at this place. This Included the Sa.Jva.tlon
Army as we ll as the I. W. W .'s and Soelall.sts, and ft
was issued by Judge Humphries, to whom that portion
of Seattle's population which finds itself In need of fn~
junctions of one kind or another, bas naturally oo~
to turn.
Parenthetically it may be state.d that lle 1Ju served
about an tile dUierent varieties ot lnjunctlo.us made
and inl·ented some of biB own. He even · l.s.soed a temporary injunction preventing the elty ft'«>m elllforclng
iits. o:rduumc.e oompelUng fruit venders w_a(lf~~,u !lbeJll'
em
om
es.
A mrt.le eo:med.Y entered tJbe :lnjun_e:tiion woee.e_d~~g_s
of 1Jimt d'S.}" 'Wben am. artl.toroey called ttliP Ute nudg<e ()"y,e r
�272
The w .e stern Comrade
tile ~ephone .at biB apad:ments late that o.jght for
further paperii, "Come right up to tbe honse,"was the
judge's reply, evidently linking the aggrieved property
Qwners with the late call, The attorney and his client
qulcldy repaired thither. Ringing the bell to ufe judge's
apartment, a voice called, "Come on up." The attorney
and his client did so, and as the door opened, shoved a
paper into the hands of tbe judge, robed for the bed not
the bench. The paper proved an affidavit of prejudice
and the judge's only answer, accompanied with the bang
ot the door, was, "Oh, hell."
We have searched the constitution of state and nation
in vain for any pro1·ision specifying it as the inviolable
right of any individual to turn a busy thoroughfare into
an auditorium for the expounding of his opinions at
pleas ure, I.Jut such was practically the view taken by the
aggrieved parties to the injunction, and it was openly
disregarded. Arrests followed the challenge thrown
dowu. aud thus I.Jegan the court scenes \Vhicb have since
paled the attractions offered by the S~attle vaudeville
theater~:~.
Dr. Hermon F ..Titus, the firs t man to fling open
defiance at the court, was arrested, and in a dramatic
trial, sentt•nced to six months in jail and a fine of $200
for ('Ontempt of cou rt. This was followed by a mass.
meeting in a down town · park at which the actions of
t Ito juuge we re assailed and defiance hurled at his rul!ngH. Out of this further convictions resulted and resolutions we rP adopted, denying th-e right of the judge to
proceed as he had don e in the street spea~ing injunction matter and calling upon volunteers to come to Sea tl! e and hold meetings in de fiance of the judge's orders.
Ninety - nin e me n and women signed these resolutions of
dc> l!an('e, rnany of whom were neithe r Socialists nor
I. W. W.'s. Th e resolutions, with signatures appended,
were sPnt to the judge by special delivery and warrants
were Hpeedily iss ued for their apprehension and arres t. More than half of the signers could not be located,
but thirty -eight we re found, some of whom gave the
r equirNl bail of $200. the majority being incarcerated
In the county jail pending a hearing. Meanwhile the
resolutions were being circulated and another list came
containing more than a hundred additional names.
In the trinl of those of the first ninety-nine offenders
who . hnd been apprehended, the judge -blossomed out
Into pro!Ja!Jly th o mos t garulous incumbent of the bench
In th e United States. Profuse lectures were de!i1·ered.
Homilies on all subjects Imaginable we re served to the
crowdPd court room. Everything that popped into the
judge's IJndn was r elevant. Everything that occurred
to evPry!Jody else was irrelevant and promptly suppressed. For rising to object to a question, one of the
nttorn~>y s was twice disbarred fore ve r from practicing
in tho courts of the state. Two men in the audience
who s tarted t.o clap their hands were quickly brought
forward and sentenced to long terms in jail for contempt of court.
The conduct of the judge throughout this period was
·such that physicians declared themselves willing to go
on th e stand and testify that he showed unmistakable
e vidences of insanity in one of its many form s . Here
are some of the sentiments of which he deii1·ered hintself:
"I am the only pebble on the beach."
"I feel like the angel Abdfel, unsullied and unafraid."
"lf anybody was after me I would get a gun and
fill him full of holes. I am 63 years old and I know
human nature. People have to be governed by fear."
"The room is full of street corner speakers. Instead
of going out and killing those street speakers which
business men ougltt to. do in many cases, tbey eome to
me to get justice because they are law abiding citizens."
The judge's friends and the defenders of the judiciary
and judicial di.gnicy were ;getting l'eStl.ve under tb.is buffoon-ery. The press a il'ed his vagaries fl'e-eiJr. Regrets
wel'e freely expressed because the legislature had fa.Ued
to provide f(Jr the recall of judges. Impeachment proceedings began to be talked. The culmination eame
when a fire visited th-e Seattle Times building, Sunday,
October 5. While the fires were raging the judge ealled
up the editor of the morning paper and told him that the
Socialists and I. W. W.'s who had come under the ban
of his displeasure were responsible and could be indieted and sent to the penitentiary for incendiarism.
So astounding were his charges that the editor would
not believe them possible, giving the judge time to cool
down and then insisting that he put them into writing.
This he did in a slightly modified form but so extravagant as to lead the editors of three of the city's !our
daily papers to draft a telegram to the governor, calling
upon him to end the judicial farce being enacted in the
King County court house every day Judge Humphries
was on the bench. As a result the governor hurried)
to Seattle, a conference was arranged with all the superior court judges present, when the situation was
carefully gone over, the governor giving the judge some
pointed advice.
Next morning Judge Humphries announced that he
hlld nothing to say. The homilies were at an end.
Sentences were remitted. Pending injunction cases
were dropped. The disbarred attorneys were reinstated.
Judicial dignity was being restored, and things are now
as they were of the distant yore.
It need not be said that clearly the right of free
speech was neve1· squarely assailed. It was a set-to
between a batty judge and hot-headed propagandists.
The judge did not violate any law or constitutioil, but
he made them both look ridiculous. His victims did
not establish their claim that free ~:peech had been abrogated for they had the right at all times to speak at
innumerable places in the city, aside from the particular
spot covered by tb e injunction.
From a tactical standpoint those who fought the
judge proved too much. Judge Humphries offered the
best argument in a decade for the need of a r ecall law.
The first skirmish established the demand for that law
firmly in the public mind. Later developments brought
another corrective force into play. 'the interference of
the governor ~bowed a less expensive method to bring
a rampant judge to terms than a special recall election.
From the standpoin t of democracy it would have been
better to have s topped short of this last deduction.
LOVELINESS
By Madison Cawe ln
How good It Is, when overwroiA(Jht,
To seek the woods and find a thought
That to the soul's receptive sense
Delivers dreams as evidence
Of truths for which man long has sought!
Truths that no vulture years contrive
To rob the soul of, hold ing It
·• ·
To all the glory I nfin ite
Of beauty that shall aye survive.
r
•
Still shall It lure us. Year by year,
Addressing now the spi rit ear
With thoughts, and now the spirit eye
W i th visions that like gods go by,
F i ll i ng the mind w i th bliss and fear,
In spite of Science' scoff, that mocks
Th~ L-1>\#efiness-of wet, nln' mTncfs
The anci ent myths, gone w ith the wlnda,
The soul sti ll flnda 'midst wood• and rocks.
�273
The Westernz Comrade
•
Everybody's Loaded
.·
�274
The Western Comrade
The World Drama
.
HAKESPEARE w~ote:' "Ail the world's
. a stage." The figw'e is interesting and
suggestive.
.
Upwn Sinclair says; "The curtaJn
is going up on a world di"ama, the like
of which history bas never sh()WB be. fore; and it is your privilege. to be a
sp€ctator. It is a privilege I ou!d not
exchange for a ticket of admission to
all that has gone before since the human
&;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;• race began. And alas ror you if you are
one of those unfortunates who sit cofd and indi!Ierent
IJecau~;e they do not unllerstand the l~nguage in which
the great drama is played."
The plot of the play is tge ascendency of humanity.
"In all the procession of the centuries gone," says
Eugene V. Debs, "not one was for humanity. From the
Ycry first. tyrauny has flourished, freedom bas failed;
the few ha1·e ruled, the many have served; the parasite has worn the purple of power, while honest industry
has li 1·ed in poverty and died in despair."
"But the ete rnal years, the centuries yet -to come,
an• for humanity, and out of the misery of the past
will rise the dv ilization of the future. ·
"The nincteeuth centu ry evolved the liberating and
humanizing moYement; the twentieth century will
doubtless witness its culmination in the crash of despotisnls and the rise of wor ld -wide democracy, freedom
and !Jrotherhood."
Surely this is a drama worth witnessin g!
Of its developmerit De bs says: "Now, we Socia lists
propof;e that society in its collec tive capacity shall pro- ·
uuce, not for profit, but in abundance to satisfy human
wants; that eve r y man shall hav e the inalie nable rig~t
to work. and receil·e the full eq uivalent of a ll he produ ces; that ever y man may stand fearlessly erect in
th e pride a nd majes ty of his own manhood.
• · J~very man and woman will then be economically
fr ee. They ran, with out let o r hindra.nre. apply their
labor, with the best mac hine ry that can be dev ised . to
all the natura l r esou r ces, du th e work of society aru! ,
produce for all.
The n society will improve its inst itutions in proportion t<~ th e progress of inve ntion, whethe t· in the city
or ou the rarm, a ll things productive will b e carried
I
By Stanley B. Wilson
furward on a gigantic scale. All indus-try will be completely organized.. Society for the first time will have
a scientific foundation. Every man, by being economically free, wm have some time for himself. He <!an
then take a full and perfect ·b reath. He can enjoy life
with his wife and children, because then he will haYe
a home.
"We are not going to destroy prlYate property. "\\' e
are going to establish private propert.v- all the property
necessary to bouse man, keep him in comfort and satisfy
his wants. Eighty per cent of the people of the l'uitE>d
States have no property today. A few have got it all.
They have dispossessed the people. \\'e will reduce the
workday and give e\·ery man a chance. "'c will go
to the parks and we will have music, pecause we will }
haYe time to play music and desire to hbar it.
"Is it not sad to think that not one in a thousand
knows what music is?. Is it not pitiable to see the poor,
ignorant, dumb human utterly. impervious to the dirine
influences of music? If humanity could only respond
to the higher influences! And it would if it had time.
" Release the animal, throw off his burden; give him
a chance and he rises as if by mugic to the lllan e of
a man. Man has a ll of the dil·ine attributes. They
are in the latent state. They are not yet developed .
It does not pay now to Jove music.
" I am not a prophet. I can no more penetrate the
Future than you can. I do study the forces that underlie socie ty and the trend of evolution. 1 can tell by
what we have passed through about what we will ba\·e
in the future; and I know that capitalism can lJe aboI·
ished and the people put in possession.
"Now, when we have taken possesslou, and we jointly own the means of production, we wfl l no longer have
to fight each other to Jive; our inte rests, instead of·
being competit ive, w ill he co-operative. We wlll work
sid e by side. Your interest wlll be mine a nd mine will
be yours. This is the economic conditiot1 from which
will spring the humane socia l relation of t he future.
"When we are in partnership and have Htopped
clutching each other's throats, when we have stopped
• e ns laving each other, we will stand togethe r, hands
clasped, and be friends. \Ve will be comrades, we will
be brothe rs, and we will begin the march to th e grandest civilization the human race has ever known ."
WONDERING WILLIE
By A. F. Gannon
There is a man in our town an' he is awful kind,
Pa takes our shekels to his bank for him to bravely mi;d:
I wonder if we had a sheep would pa let someone sheer
Its woolly fleece an' give pa just a handful every year ?
An' there's another man who comes when me or rna is ill
An' gives us nasty things to take, an' then sends pa a bill ;
I wonder if he'd like t ' see both me an' rna stay well ?
I'm goin' t ' ast him next time, but-1 don't th i nk he'll tell.
An' there'.s another one who talks on Sundays at the church,
About the si nners burn in' when they're left i n the lurch:
I wonder if he is the one who rings the b ig, b ig bellAn' how he knows so much about the hot place he callsrrell? ·
An' there's a man who helped pa win, when he got in a f ra y
About a five-cent overchil.!9-e ~.Q.c.er Jnade. h im-pay;
won er ifpa l ikes him hard ('twas Uncle made the crack )?
He charged a hundred dollars just to get a n icke l back !
�T h e We st er ll! C o m ll ad e
THE " MOVE ON " IDEA
UE hourhon attitutk toward the great
so<·ial e\·i: i~ well stated by .Jiohn Purroy :\fitdH·ll, fusion candidate for mayot of .:\<·W York JJc: dee lares that a ",-ery
~ood hf·ginrJing' ' was made in 1910 whrn "we
>:ll<'tercled in gf'lting- thr streets c:lf'aned up."
following ·whir:h hf' urges that the r<•ilidential
~H·f'! ions Jw flll rgr•d neXt.
Tht· whole nttitudc is simply to g-Pt viee out
uf sight. Yiee is not vicious until it leaves
tht· shadows of the night and })('gins to stalk
11hont in tiH· dny tirru·. seems to he t ht> idea.
~o. all t lwJ'f' is to do is to <lr·i n! it back iuto
t lw shadows. .Always dri\'illl!; always pushing it from one p lncc to anot her; a lwnys shut t ling it ~~~·onml. Cure? ~o, 110t IH·t· <·s~n r~· . ,Just
IIIO\"t• it a long, int o som e othc·r· sll'f'c•t, som e
.. "t h <· r· alley, some oth er city.
1' hc v icti ms a r c not r cga nl eJ a s hum a n .
Th <· prol1lem is n ot lool\ed upon ns t hP r esu lt
o f 11 <'I IURf'- t'Xet> pt hy th e S ociAli sts.
• • •
POISONED FOOD
IIETJI E!l by d esig n o r· hy <ll' f' idPIIt, our
s l:tt t• nntl 1111 1 iom!l !!IHl l'di ans o f t he food
s upply arc c1urful not to give to th e
pPnplt- an~· g"l't'a l 3111 01111t o f infonnation as to
t li t• •·xt• •ut t o whit ·II l'oor1 poison in !! is p r·;H:Ii ccd
for profit .
Th nl. 111\l t' h of it is clon e c n •ry on c lu10ws.
Htrl ns to how mue h is rlou c and " ·ha t t h e
t'll l il·•• r• ffe(• t is. f,. w know.
.\ si n g-It> lll iii Ptin of th e \'nlifomin h Pnlth
tkpa rtm t•nt g-i,···s us j usl n t iny g limpse At
ll'h nl is go in g- 011. Jn this one h nllctin (for
.\u g llst ) \\'t' tl nd t hat Hh nost f' \'cry sor t of food
is hP illg poison Nl. \Vc Arc' t old n othin g nt all
of ho w m ud1 is po isoned. \ Vc arc given j u t a
list of Nlsrs 1-l nd t h t> kind of food or d r ink or
th·ug th~t \\'1-ls :~ d ultcratcd. 1'hc layman can
nndPI'Sillll(i noth ing of w lmt the r N11 facts a r e.
Tht' Ill hi~ ):;; W<lrth ~hm.lst nothing.
Olliy it <toes tell ns that :a numb<'r of drugs
in c-ommon u c lU'c a~d., tJb.at a .nom.bu
of stA~)k food. . \ldl as eannr<l salmon, a[t
ish. dried · pp]e and! :flolll!li" are- adln"lteratedi and
misbr~ded. Eve:n .liroz:e-n e-gg produe-t · · adtuliit is. ehargedl.
1\Icntb a:lfter montb thi go on. 'fht>-re wiU
be just a ·many ea e next month a H•ere were
]ast m4)nth, ju t ·a· mauy the following mo~th,
BECAr E there i§.. jn t a mueh PROFl'f to
be made next month a.nd the month after a
there was Ia t month. Profit i the root of the
ternted.
evil.
Any per ·on of normal intdligem•e will tl'll
~·o11 that the hr t way to eut·c an C\'il is to de.
~t1·oy the sourec. So it dor n 't do nuy good
to ruC'rely tr·y to punish men w ho poi on food
so long as the profit incrntivc i. ther·e to drive
thPm and other s to do the same th1ug all over
agn in. Crn t uriC's of punishin g ha ve prO \' l'll t hat
p unishm en t doC'sll 't stop c1·ime. lf t h e lure of
profi t. causes men to poison footl th en t he l o ~
i(·al thin g t o d o is t p wipe ont t h e profit syst em .
And, g ood folk s, tha t is " ·lw t w e a r c coming
to. 'l'h c i'C r eAlly isn 't any oth r r wny to put
a. complet e And final stop to this bus iness .
Jf y ou haven 't seriously consid e1·cd I his
qu estion so far y ou mAy som e day wh en yon·
a equ ir c ptom a in e poison ing f rom some in nor-PII t l ook in ~ ea.n of sa lmon Ol' even from som e
dPii(' iously t empt ing l,lit. of' r onfectionery-that
is, if t h P ClOSt' is no t fa t a l, HSit SOIIl Cti mcS is.
m
• • •
THE PASSING' BAS~MENT
ISSOUH f has ontlawC'<l t he bas<•mcnt
dwellin g hy a sta tut e whi r h became effective iu S t>ptcr nher. Th e state a ut,.lJO rit ics r ecogn ize• that t he b ase ment dwellin g iH
n ot sa nita ry. And they a r c r ig ht.
'!'h e trou hie is that they do not go far
Pnou g h- they Al'c not RIGHT ENOUGH . T hey
merely recognize 1he fad that t he hn!iement
home ]. ' without fi ud iug out W HY it is.
The far·t is, of <~ourse, that the basemen t
home is a product of economic couditiom;, chief
~m1m1g which is low wages.
Obviounl_v then, ·
thf" rral and Ia. ting e-ure for improper Diving
.-.m«~.t..iQ.Rs - ~-P.OOI!E-1~ ~M-HJ
ffil-
-eo
TWN~.
�276
The Western Comrade
So it will be seen that the Missourians need
to ''be shown'' a few more things., But Missouri is in no greater need of additional wisdom than any of her sister states. And the Socialists are doing their best to "show" the vic-.
tims CYerywhere how to get out from under th.e
terrible burden th at exploitation thrusts upon
thPm.
• • •
BRITISH " LABOR TROUBLES"
quer spirit, it cannot conquer.workingclass solidarity, it ~cannot conquer the mass when the
mass knows what it wants and how to get it.
The only chan~e it stands is in deceiving the
mass-and that is a slim chance that is getting
slimmer every day. 1t resembles somewhat an
underfed toothpick.
All of this has nothing to do with the mooted question of "tactics." It is simply an effort to set forth what seems to be a condition.
The employers of England are setting themselves for a jolt and they would not ·be doing
that u1;1less they had fairly accurate knowledge
that a jolt was coming.
Th e workers of
America will await developments ·w ith interest,
knowing something of the ways of organized
capital after the somewhat unsavol'y Joings
of our own National Association of 1\Ianufact]Jrers.
· ~~ 011' fum ;J.ioc that phca,, ."Labo< houblcs," is in the columns of th e capitalist
. press. \\'li cnc,·cr J1a bor )vants anything
or triPs to gPt anythiug it is always "Labor
t roubl1!."
.\nd lt·t it he prorniscll here alll:l now that
the end or th e " trouh) P" is not yet. There
will Ill' more a-plenty.
'J'Ji,. •·1nploycrs thclltSt'h·<'s kuo\\· what is coming- and tiH':V are r eady. Their Ycry readin ess
WAGES AND ROBBERY
is in itsf'!f a "trouhle" mak ee of no mean proportions. Th e militancy of the British labor
ACTS have at last driven a vein of light
ntovi'III Pnt has Jn·ought the employers of the
into the sanctum of that hard-to-classify
island up standing and th eir one thought now
Curtis publication, the Saturday Evenseems to be to get r eady. 'l'he United Kingdom ing Post. Listen to what the glooms have
Ern ploycrs' Defense Association is the name of told it:
the employers' answer. This. gigantic organi"Increased cost of living during the last
zation of employers has, The Independent tells dozen years has been a worldwide phenomenon
us, ''entered th e field with a guaranteed 'war -as noticeable in 'fokio as in New York; and
ftnl(l ' of $250,000,000.''
it seems to be a worldwide fact that wages,
Fm· its declared object this powerful or- though advancing almost everywhere, have not
ganization has the purpose to ''consolidate the kept p'a ce with the rise in commodity prices.
resources of the employers of labor to maintain This is certainly true of England, for the Board
their rights and their freedom to bargain (get of Trade ha;; lately published a very compret his ) individually with free work ers or collec- hensive report on the subj ect, which shows, in
tively with trade unions." And that means a word, that rents and food prices since J905
just what you think it means. No quibbling have risen abol!t twice as fast as wages.;,
And what does that m ean~ That the buy!tbout it at all. It's plain.
But to intersperse a thought in passing, ing power of th e ·workers has been r educed oneI'OtJid thct·c be any finer humor, any more subtle
half-wages cut fift.y per cent. That 's what it
it·ony than is found in that phrase, "freedom means!
to bat·gaiu inJividually with free workers 1"
And what J.ocs that mean~ That means
1ma~iu e it. F'recdom of all of the united cap- dark, desperate misery. It means that half their
italistic inter ests to lJargaiu with any little in- former food supply has bct•u taken a way from
dividual wage slave who may be found out a great mass of working people, leaving them
nlolw a ftcr dark! These English employers to struggle against something wraith-like that
have been learnin~ lessons from George M. sneaks upon their backs and circles them like
Cohan . .
the unseen t entacles of some ghost-octopus,
Bnt they have other lessons to learn. They stt·angling, blinding, smothering, killing.
havt• to learu that war chests do not win the
And all of that means labor is la.cing a
sot·t of battles they are facing. They have to mighty big Rtruggle to get back that stolen fifty
- lenru that _po"·crfu18.S.J.llo.n.e~ds, .it-eannot-eon- --pcr-cc11T-"1rnd llllJtc~ror nO\v we \\·anttius ex-
• • •
_,
�The Weste.rn Comrade
fra fiFry J!ler cent rund 1the oiil'u~-r fifty ~Tr ee-ratt_.\ LL. ~r f'S, ]~aJI>OJr is iiac1nmg at m£gnty oig flight
-anti 11lready the gl'lins rur-e T'>oorning heavy.
• • •
THE BEEF FAMINE
OLLAR beef; cry U1e meat ba1Wn a · they
gathrr arouml their- $J2;j.()0 banquet
board in Chicago. Yes, dollar been
:-4tartling enough.
So th~> kept press of the country, including
thr W;tll Strret ,Journal, ln·gin to lmnt for a
rPmcrly, earcfully steering away from anything
that might rvcn remotely resemble a real
remedy.
·
It may 6e-thllt we llrc fa(·ing an actual and
acntc sho,·tagc of beef llllfl it may be that if
W(· do not hastr·n to provide a remedy we shall
1111\'(• pra (·ti ('a lly n o heef at all, except for the
nry rich. As it is now but little of anything
at all is left for anyone but the very rich.
Jfowcn- r. a shortage of heef is no excuse
for lllll'OIIst·i onahl e J·ohhcry Oll what little there
ma y lH·. To fnee a bee f fnmine without the
J.ppf tl'llst would !Jc ha(l Pnough, hut to face a
lH·Pf famine with th e beef trust sati11ting its
appetite for spoils between produeer 1111d consume!·, that is indeed tragedy!
Jt is entirely safe to s11y that, left to provide
f'nr t ln•msr l \'c•s und('t' a sncial system in which
tht•J'r wns no ex ploitation and no market jugg lPry, the p eople would sec to it that th ere was
no hccf famin e and no famine of any kind.
The h·ut!t is that we do not know whether
\\'e aJ'C to hn\' c famine or not until some trust
(P]Is us of it- and then we do not !mow whethf' l' th e famine is actual or artificial. \Vhen we
c:i n get our producing and distributing machin ery out of th e hands of the exploiters and
into th e han(ls of th e people we shall not starve
hrrnuse of failuJ·e to produce.
• • •
ART AND THE POLICEMAN
EALLY, we hould change places with
the-- goats of the field-for we are
''goats'' indeed. And that may be why
we "fall " for .the poliecman o readily.
.\ ls·o C"onsid('r the policeman and his ways for
a moment. Also consider our ekes and the
:arti t. The artist m.ay ~~a,·e painted a wonderf'l!lil }}ictuN'. He may have p~tlt a gl'IOO.t truth
oo C31UV~" in ~tli4-&'i~ -<eel'6r • -H~--mJaY -bve
broUigb;t .J!ortru a mas-tnpie(te of art a.n<tl! thought.
Am.d hi!!' hMil{t h' pic-ture whe~e the pubJlie may
see the proooct of his mindl Mi1d souL
aml!te-:rting along ~ -itb b' ~·rub wbiatlirag iu
its: aeenstomed e-liptie111l Oli"~it, the p,oJileeman,
wonderful h~ing, see-s the work oJ art, Uestop to gaz.l". You ee llim le111n forward, deep
in eritiea] thought. You see be ' especially
fitted to eritiei e , rt bee-au e b(l-fore he became
a policeman be wa a digger of ditche -a state-.
ment which · ralenlated to ea t no di eNdit
upon the art of digging ditch{' , a ta k to which
the · arti an bring more of hone ty than the
a>erage policeman brings to his round of g~
ety and bead cracking. And now, recovering
from the digression, let u look again at the
policeman who i a qualified art critic beC:ause
he once dug trench es. A wave of anger crosses
his noble countenance. He march es up to the
man in charge-or mayhap right up to the nrtist himself.
The pietut·c must eome down. It is immoral. It is shocking. It will n ever do. "Can
it out, " howls the outraged guardian of the
public morality.
And then h(' blithe!~' sanntet·s nlong, finnlly
coming to the littl~ row of shacl<s on the borderland of his beat where he proceeds to collect
divers and sundry quantities of legal tender
from sleepy girls and raucous madams in t» o
interest of public morality and the general up-·
lift- to say nothing of tl1e continued prosperity of the Inspector and the Lieutenant at Can.
tral Station.
How luchy is America to have such nobl e
g-narclians of th e public weal to protect us from
the hort·id .artists!
• •
PROGRESS IN EDUCATION
OIJLOWING the lead o(.a few of the most
progressive cities Los Angeles has estah, ljshed a n open air school. So far the
s<:hool is of no great magnitude and it is only
for the very young pupils, but it is a beginning,
And along with the open air the children are
taught by the Montessori method, wlJieh all who
are familiar with the system will welcome.
.\. great many have long woudere<l why
children sihtouJd not do a large part, at least,
of t!lileir studying illll ttle open air. Arid with
ll:ft:re sp~Pi1Jdml6ermm:r upellil mr se1Joo1s as an in~
�The Western Co mr a de
dicati.on of the worth of the idea they ba,·e
gone on preaching the doctrine of open air.
Jt has taken a long time~ but we .·eem to be
l:lJflling to it at last. The~west oticrht naturaiJy
to lead in this departure, and particularly had
( 'alif11rnia (Jught to l•·ad. The Califo'rnia clitnat•: iK KO adapiPII to (·omfortable ·open air
Wlll'k 1 h:tf it uwy ,.asily forge ahf·ad. althouuh
.-old w•·~tf lwr i!. "-'" no uwans enoug-h to dri\·e
iul" s,.,.Jusioll t hos•· who t'Pally under taud
\\hal fn·sh. pun· ai1· !IIP311S to the body ami
!wain.
Jt 111ay ),.. wdl lo add in passing that most
of OIJI' houws a~··· quit,. a-; llliHi l in IIPPtl of an
opr•n ai1· l•·..tun: as arfo our sd10ols. Fot'
T l11• 11 irn hJ,. h:ll'i II us. t h•· pussy-foot g(•rlll
And a ll of tJt,. hosts nf thPir •·lau
,J ust r·11l'i up :11 td d i.. in t ht· IJJ·i{!lrt IH·at ing sun
.\ tH I l11·:t1 it to lt ••:l\·• ·11 :ts fast as tlw,v can .
• • •
GOLF AND EYES
liE .f oll t'll ;tl of tltP .\itt (• t·icall :\I Pdi cal .\ sst w i ;~t io11 i ~; '"" ''' ' ·~x • · 1·c: i sed O\'l: t' t ir e app:t lli11 g- loss o f' •·.r•·s u11 t he nation 's goH
•· otll's•·s. Jt ~tthi s • ·s pl<ty •·rs nut to look a r ou11d
"''' '' " t h•· •·r·.v of .. for P" is hl'ar d. lt is nil y rry
\l't•llt o Jtl :llti f'•·s t :111 ntt itud r of s;pn pat hy lo\\'anl
:til,\' 1111111 :11t h•·i11 ~ 1rlto tnay br inj nJ'Ptl , hu t Jet
11ot all tl11· sy tltp:ttlt y ami a(l\·icc he directed
t 01\':11'(1 t ht• poor HJtd ltl'ipl es>; golfin g populat io11 . l<'m· Jll<lJ'e Jll <' n:H:ill g· lo th e t•ye is th e oc•· llp:tt io11 of th r ha11k vr 'rho lllHSt n ceJs work
in t h<· blindin g g-litt er of g old all day . F or
t lt ..s•• lt• •H Yily hunl eued " ·o1·k e1·s we lJcsp cak a
hit of lltilk of human kindn ess a nd syn1pat hy .
• • •
CANAL GUESS WORK
YIWY m·gan o[ exploit ation is fi lled
t he e days wit h proph esies of t he wond er ful p l'OsJH'rit,\' that t he canal is to
IH·ing-. Ba eh •·it y fa nt·ics that it is to be most
hJPS.'t'!l Of a JJ.
.\ ga inst t hc~P a 1·e tho ·c who fear a great
llli'IISh or imm igration. They . ce hor des of
lnW-Wil!!t' workl•rs tlol' ki ng to the Pacific shores
to tak•• tht• plaec of the worker· who m·e all'l'IHly lwrt•~ 'l'hct·c i.·- omt' ,...round ftw their
ft•m:, hut uohody ndu~11ly know to any del!'''''' of t•t•rlainly how much.
1'lu• fMt i: I hat no one know ju t what the
t•nnnl will llll'llll. ~\uyouc ma~- predict wl•at it
may mean; none kno\ • anytltin•.. t.ldiuit('.
And tho e who know lea t of all art.' Ute one·
who e ole information .·~ gJeanetl from the
daily pre .
Xo one---except the capitali t -know· ju ·t
what the capitali·t plan to do with the t•tmal.
The capitali t are the one· who will n~·c I he
canal and their· one pm·po e will be to jncrt•n·c
exploitation.
Of eour c we at·c certain that there will lw
. ome immigration and ~omc commer·ct• or utl11•t·
sorts, but that i · all we l•now. And we do Hnt
know "·hat la1·gc plan the capitali. ts IIIli,\' hnn•
in rcla(ion to thP eoa ·t indw;t 1·i••s in i.•on H••I'I inn
with the pro ·pcetiYc immigr·atiorL
1
The one thing that we may h' . 111'1' of is
that f·apitalist: will seek. to hcnd eYet·y t·it·,·umstau•·<' to h(·ar 011 wage to the ciH1 th'nt wn~t·s
may hP reduced and liYin g conllit ious lllllth•
worse. So, though " ·c han~ no t·c•·tnin kn owl l'llgl' of j ust what wi ll happen. we must l\t'<'P
hoth f'~'l'S on lhl' t·H II Hl and wh at goes I hi'Oil!,dl
it. vYc mm:t , as far· as ' rc ean . pl't' I'PIIt tht•
sprea d ing" ot li Ps abou t t his <·oast nnlo ng- lh t•
workr n;_ of E n rop e a nd '\'C must fo rrnul nt c
sOIIII· •·oJistt·u d ivr pla n of c·o11d urt towar·d th o~e
bo p!' fnl o11••s who arc lul'l•<l tc t his w <·st crn
emp11·c.
• • •
OH, ANTHONY, BEGONE!
P l T we re 110t th a t· J\'r• \1' YOI'],,.,.s st a nd
f o r· so Yer·~· Ill lit h, th e f:wt l hat A ntlio 11y
Co111st Ot· k p•· t·sists i 11 punill ing- h is
JH'stifel·ous lt old ,y t lt er·p would be 111 0rr n•111 a Jek a hi e.
?\fot Jon)! ag-o "\ntiJOny C'omstoek g-ai ned
f r,•sh lam·<·ls J'o 1· ltit nsc•lf' hy arresting :;\l ite hell
Kl'u UeJ:ly, a :X ew Yor·k pu bl is h<!r of magazines
aJHl books. H is magazinP is T he For'llln, aml
tlw hoo k t lt at otfenJed Comstock was ·· H agar·
Hen·lly,' · w1·itten by Dan iel Ca1·so11 Good111an.
'l'IH• poiut of tlif· book was that the gil'l "of
l' i~ht instinc·ts." with a k n owlNlg1~ of' tile
wodtl. but with 110 money. "can go str·aight. ·•
·w ithout disl'ussinl! the qw•stiona!Jic eouclusion of thf' author. we sulJmit that a discliHHion
of the quf'stion is imperativ1•.
And the ·ooncr this Comstocl< p er~Wil iH
•·nmpcllcd to stop hi.- prudish yawping the le!is
the I'Ommon . cu. c of the public will be outraged. lndccd, one could not '"' hlamcd for
drawin_g t h~ ~;onclWii.un. iha.t.. C.:Onu.t~k is an
�The Western Comrade
tiOna whieh harve indiUeed deeay. '.li'w being
one and the snUJr~ of it life pur-moo, l.t
re tontitm to health &nd to t:rengtb • a uvoo•
.Ill
.&
•
Tb it is in human ooiety. No amount o,f
THANKS AND HYPOORI'JES
aid N'.ndered ''the wimming tenth" ' iU ui, • .Jt:ST a few days variol!IS e-xecutive
nee to produce health in the s.o eial OJl'gani m
will he issuing Thanksgiving proelamao Iong a tbel"e remain "a submerged tenth"
tlens. These p1·odamations will, for the of that organism. Permanent relief 1 only posmost parf. he of the usual effulgent variety,
ible to ociety a a wllole when the conditions
sf'tting forth the numerous thing for which we respon ible for the ubmerged tenth are met
shoul<.l give thanks.
and overcome. He wllo would proYe himself a
V;u·ious eharitYJ organizations will be begocial avior worthy the name; he who would
ging a m itr here ~nd a mite there to - enable.~ }'o.ntrihnt e t~ the pcr·uu\~rl•nt rl.'lief of. his kind
them to proYi(lc dinners for numerous "in- and the ultunate salnrhon of humnmt~i, mu t
dil-{l~nt ·· Jwr·sons. And the "indigent" persons din•ct his attPntion to thnt pnrt of sol.'iety
will takP that mPal and be duly thankful. Of where tht> neetl i, gr·eatc,t. Hmnan soQicty must
1·ot1rsP fhos(' who provide the dinners will he lw saved at the bottom if san•d nt all. ~niYatiou
th11nkfulthat tiH·rl' ar·e "indigent" persons to fr·om the top were an impossibility.
ins-idiol'lS press- agel!llt in tht pay of pl!IIDllishers
a.nd artists: who fee] t11e :need pf .nrriblle-itly-th~ugh it won]dl not be trlle.
whom to giYe Llinners.
\\"hat a rottrn hypOPrisy all this is.
... ... ...
"THE SUBMERGED TENTH"
X
... ... ...
SLAVERY IN PRISON
L1\JOS'l' quoting verbatim tlw words used
in an article describing prison life, hnse1l
on the experiences of E. E. Kirk and
_Harry McKee in the last i. ue of 'l'ho \Vestorn
Coml·ade, Thoma. l\Iott Osborne had tho fol·lowing to sity after a voluntary term in Anhum (N. Y. ) p!'ison recently:
'·First, the prison system is absoluirly a
form of slavery and all the tmths thnt J.~incoln
l'llUiw iatcd apply equa lly to prison slavor·y. lt
tai<Ps from the convict his own initiativri nnd
frc<·dom of action and he hccomcs au irrcsponsihlP automaton, who - r rtut·ns to the outside
\\'l'lrld to find he is unable to resume his own indi,·i<luality and guide his own destiny.
" One instance of the uointolligcncc of the
systi'Rl is the attempt to prevent the convicts
fr·om normal excl'eise of the sc11se of sight and
HAVE rny own ideas ahout tli e submerged tenth,'' says Andrew Carnegie,
" hut 1 am n ot quiu~ r·l·ady to give them
to the " ·o rld . At present I want to hr lp the
swimmin g tenth."
In this statement Mr. Carnegie has touched
th e essential point of difference between rational social sc r·vi cc on the one hantl antl that
form of charity on the other which seeks the
bett erment of society through palliative
methods.
The statement that "Society is a chain
whil;h is no st rongcr than its weal\Pst link "
lrn s hrcOllll' trit r through oft rcpratPcl assertion, hut it is none the less true. Hunarnity is
a uuity composed of ind iYiduals indissolubly sr('(~(·h.''
linked together fo r hetter or wor·sc for life and
:\ir. Osborne, chairman of the state pdrwn
for d<•nth. lie " ·ho would save the soeial ag- hoard, went to prison l1> find out what pl'ison
gr·cgntr mnst hcgin where the socilll need is was lik e. His last day there was passed in the
grefltP. t. There can be no salvation for that dungeon. · Of that 'Part of ltis experience he
maple tree on the lawn decaying at its root, said, "I have been given a glimpse into the iuthrough ])l'aying the leaves which struggle for nerrnost cirelc of the inferno. ''
h1•althy growth in th e unlight, hut arc_ perThis eastigation of 1he modern JH'h'>Oil sysnwntcd ,\·it h thr pois~mous sap that wells up tem is ,·aluablc, coming from 1-iO well known a
from the frrmcnt below .. The healthy life of person. 1t helps to pile up the evidence a·g ainst
t h c t rec can lw rc to red and i normal growth the criminal punishment of:' eriminalJ;," Mr.
prnmot d 1hrongh one and only one process. Osborne surru; up rather forcefully the entire
The lmsbandman must dig about the tre<>, fer- indiet~e11t i_!l th ~E_ _!tu~_C(' __wonis, '' uuiut~
H1iv.e it a the root aDa (n~e thec<~uidi- · irteff\·<:tin", cruel. "
�The Western Comrade
WE~T\VORTH
OLIVE SCHREINER: SOCIAL ARTIST
"All I astoin• to be, and was not, c-omforts me."
Jr i!l in this simt•le manner that OJh·e chreiner
1·JoK•·11 ht,r intrmln:·tion 10 ''\\'oman and Labor." and yet,
thi11 llimt•l•· line. usE-d in the f:onnection in wbicb she
"~"~~ ir. is 110ihiug l<•ss than 1mhlime.
lu this lurrodtwtinn stu.. writes of ll' former book of
'' Jdr·h "\\'r11nan and Lahor" is a 1·ery minor portion.
Sh•· ••·IlK how that l10r1k, the product o~ eleven years of
I lu· 1110111 at·d:~ouM Jahor. was d<•stroyed-during the Boer
\\'ar l•y HfJiclic•r,;, wh •• l•rokc-into her little cabin from
whic·h slw had h••••n r·ut off and 1\'hic:h she was comp..t l•·d 't o l•·av ... vac·ant during the war. Together with
or ho·r of llf'r IH·IungingH, the ~ohliers set the book aflame
ancJ wh• 11 sh1• rf'l11rned nothing remained but a little
h"ap of aHiwts.
Thi s hook c·ontaiuing so mtwh labor-not tbe autoIlia! i1·. HOII IJP HS labor of one who is driven. but ti1e inKpin•d, I' real ive lalror of one who toils for love- was
tliOI'P l'aluah l (' to t hH world IJ.v far than all the diamonds
in lhc• Ki11ilwrly Mines, for which l~ngland brought on
tl1o war.
And of ir s irrr parallle d('struetion by the murderous
1nlons or nalional gref'cl, Olive Schreiner says siniply:
"All I :tflpire to he, a11d was not, comforts me."
AHidP from all el sc·, this one instance earns for her
1he n;11nf> of artiKt, for it I'PI'Pals her as past master of
lhP art ol' forlltitdc•. llut in addition, the merits of her
worl<H c>arn h<•r that name rnany times over.
'l'hl' sc·iilplor sc•<•s visions and would mold them out
of c·llty; ~Ito s<'<'H visions and would mold them out of
Jwowh•dJ.!:P and human flp slt and blood. The musician
ll<•lli'H 1\'0Jifl c> rful symphoniC's allC! p;i1·es them to the
world; siH•. too, It Pars a symplton.v. a sy mphony of
!inman desire•;; and site has gin·n that to the world.
Tit <' paintPr r·alf·he;; l.hP C'Xquisite lights and shades of
nnlur<•. intc>rprpts lwr somhr(' moods as well as her
glorious unc•s. hut lw is 110 mort' adept in his art than
011\'f• Hl'ht'PiiiPI' in ht>rs, . wht'n shP catchf'S lhP lights
of hnppltr ss and the :-;hac!C's of tragPd.v in human E'Xist f'lll'c' 1111<1 hlPnds tl1<•111 intu a pieture of a moving whole.
Liltc• thP pn i ntt 1'. thC' m11sidan and thE' sC'ulptor, who are
puinl'd hy lnl'k of hnrmony in things thf'Y may see or
hPar, so sh,, is pained hy laek or harmony in society,
\\'lildt IIIPIIIIH :<utTering for all thosp iu,·olvPd. Like
thP!W < thl'r artists. Sh<' stands out distinctly in seeing
what mnn.1' Ntt irl'ly fail to Sf'(', or seeing do not understaud.
'l'ht' thing whic·h has com~' honw to her with such
forn• is t hP lll<'aning of the \\'oman's 1\Iovement. \\'hile
to snm p nmns it ll]lpeat·s a ch:ws and sounds like a
lllNIIt•Y nl' nni~t>s, to h('r it is a harmony.
he has
h ard tht- \ ·oirl"s or the women of the world ringing
with nnl' a(•enrsl. To hn. through the disrord of strife
and mi:und<'rstanding attE'ndant on all pE'riods of social
l't'ndju,·tmNll, there ha been wafted a ong like that
of a hu~ ort'he tra in which the thunder of the brass,
1 h~:> • i •hiug of thE' 'cellos. 1hE' • inging of the ,·iolin and
tht' riJlJlliug laughter of the flutes are mingled in a
mt-lods Umt lift lht.> heart out of it- own narrow eoYirons and m:~~c,>..;; il n.,_ "ith thousands nJ)Oo lllousands
of olht.>r heart--
t:nlike many indh·idual who han• madt- a mnrk In
the world, the J.IE'rsonal life of Olin~ clll't-in!c"l' is :llmost
unknown, but thi has only , ened 10 Nll]thn ·iat> bt-r
•
work the mo;·e. \\'It i l e she has lingcn •d in some remote c:onlf'r of the glohC'. hPr message has soHI'('U far
and \vide. g-<JiniPg volum•· and swl'elnf'ss on ILK way .
Furthermore, Ehe ici tlWJ'oughiy lmlJu(•d with that
spirit. whic·h is iuvariably the gifl of the artlst- lh
spirit of universality. \\'h1 tiH•r she was In Kmoky,
noisy, suffering London. in smiling, gri'Pil-C'Iad llaly or
in the wilds of ~outh Afflca , she r£!garded the worh.l of
pPople in the same way- as beings or the same flesh
and blood. with the same problems. th aame pains and
joys. whic·h are alter<'d in form . but not in auh~tance
hy drcumsta nc·e.· ; huu.an !Jeing~; belonging irrevocably
and fore\•er together.
She differs f1o111 the d<'n•t<P of the flnP art~ in only
one way and that is rath~:•· a difference or degree than
of kind. I nstcad of a)>IJIYing Jwn;elf to the tmrtmlt oC
the beautiful. she has aflfllied hcr~;elf to t he )lursult of
the good. 'fbi.· marks her a" a new kind of arthuthE' artist who wa,; not thought of in the past, who is
on)~· beginning to l•e rec·ogniz~d at ..the vrel!cnt time. but
who has lhP whole future w look for"ard to-the !10(.-iat
ani.st.
�The We steen Comrade
c'B
l
-
By EMANUEL JULIU
Yictim a.nd whom he is oon to bring to t:h place,
saying:
"Remember now. She's young, and I'm her first
Offense. And I've been careful with her, Tiger,
Not touched her fingers onlY once or twice
And used good English and been sympathetic,»
"TIGER"-
Even at this late day, Americans are not over the
silly notion that the drama is a vehicle merely to amuse
and entertain female parasites and "tited business
men." This, more than anything else, has been the
cause of American backwardness in things dramatic.
Authors are gi\·en every possible discouragement by
managers until it is now an utter act of folly for one to
write a play with a purpose, one that demands intelligence and thought. I wish to confess that I am not a
theatergoe r. I don't believe I visit a playhouse more
than two·or three times a year; and I condemn ·myself
on these few occasions for my thoughtless waste of
t ime and money. And yet, I am a lover of th'e drama.
And, because I Jove the drama, I desp_ise the stage. I
prefer to rely on printed plays for the drama of life,
leaving the stage for the dilettante, the "tired business
man" and the shallow-paled midd le class. I get my
George Bernard Shaw, John Galsworthy, Granville
narker, .Jose Echegaray, St. .John Hankin, Arthur
S<.:hnitzler, John Masefield or Hemik Ibsen from books.
1 flnd more pleasure in the quiet of my room reading
plays than J <.:ould ever hope to find at one of the local·
theaters. That's why I don't go to the theater. I believe that there are countless thousands of persons in
America who do just as 1 do; they are sick of the trash
peddled at theaters; they want ll)eat, not superficiality;
they want thought, not namby-pambyism; they want
th e iHsues of life to be faced honestly and intelligently :
and that is why they do not go to the theater. They
look to book publishers for their drama; and they are
getting what they wish for. The book publishers are
fat· ahead of the theatrical managers. . Publishers like
Mitchell Kennerley are doing more fot· the drama than
a dozen nelascos. This publisher., in his splendid magazine, The Forum, printed "Tiger," a one-act sketch by
\Vltte)' Bynner, some mouths ago, creating so much
comment that he brought it out in book form. It may
be had by sending 60 cents to Mitchell Kennerley, 2
East Twenty - ninth street, New York City.
As a work of art. this play is flawless. I cannot
recall a single play that is so pet·fect as this drama by
1\fr. Bynner. It is, obviously, a play with a purpose;
it dt ives home a terrible lesson ; it teaches a fearful
moral. The stage is overrun with sensational white
s la,·e plays of "The Traffic" tn)e, Jllays that literally
disgust one with the stage, but here is a tremendous
piny on the same phase of li.f.e. I don't remember anything which gripped me as did this play in blank verse
by ;\I r. Bytwer.
The episode in :\It·. Bynner's drama takes place in
a ;.;-,,". York resort whic-h caters to wealthy men. The
k<'ellN of the house is known as Tiger, "on account of
h<'l' lith'€', hard brilliance:· She, Annabel, a girl of
t\\enty-fonr. and ''The Baron," a man of thirty, somewlmt over-dnssed and over-mann'E'~Ped. are dis.eovered
at t~Je r~ e '6.f •4te ~n i:m <~.--room --mnl'e snowy Ulan
ext)ensi'l'e,"
The Raroo SJ)E'aks of the g1rt he bas marked for a
•
He lea\·es to bring the girl. Tiger and Annabel begin
a conversation. A few minutes tat r, a[knock Is heard
at the door. Annabel quickly hides bot les and glasses
under the table, while Tiger puts away the cigarettes
and ash-tray. The Baron enters, "1 ading h~ the hll!:lld
Margaret, a simple, romantic girl or sixteen." The
Baron introduces her to Tiger, whom be calla Miss
Dillingham, his n.unt, while the oth r is introduced as
his cousin.
Margaret tells of how her aunt ohj cted to "0 n "the Baron- because he "worked in a store." "And then
she didn't like his voice on the telepllon
I do, don't
I, Eugene!" she says.
Tiger: "And aren't you tired out? Let Annab 1
show you your room. You ought to rest before your
marriage, dear."
Margaret Is given a cup of tea "to make her sleep
wel l."
Two da.vs pass; it is Sunday night. ln an adjoining
bedroom. poot· Margaret has be n k pt n. prisoner,
Tiger having taken possession or th e girl's cloth B.
· Wlllie-ll- prosperous man of later middle ag~
enters. He is a regu lar patron, a "sport" who must
have "the dainty morsels." He frankly says he must
have "something new"- he is tired of Annabel and the
others. He hears a, moan and, on inquiry, Is tol<l that
in the other room is what he seeks- "somethlng new."
Tiger Informs Willie that the girl Is as "young . 11.11
they come, and new to It- in fact, re bellious, dear, and
fasting for her pains."
''I'll break her in!" Willie cries.
Tiger opens the door and le ts him pass Into the
other room. There follow~; a •·scream of mingled terror and joy from the girl, and a moan from the man,"
Margaret is heard: "f•'athe r! Father, l knew you'd
come! l~ath er! .. Willie reappears a~d facing the women, llvld: "Give
me her clothes! Damn you, gl ve me her clothes!"
Could one conceive of a more thrllling climax?
Indeed, this powerful play Is the moBt lmprellslve bit
of literature l have come acrosl! In years. Willie, father
of Margaret, must "han:~ Korneth lng new;" this time. he
is gi\·en his own daughter! One learns the meaning of
tha t cl'llde fatalism or man: he seekJ> the daughters ot
other men to satisfy hiE ltust and only uuderJSf.alldll
when be is gi\'en hiE own daughler; then be t.eeiiS tjle
significauce of the time-long quel!tion: ''GeiJUeme.n,
whose daughter?"
?.fr. Hyuner l1a,o; done Art a11d humanity a S<;rv!oo
in writing this amaziug llrillla.ut drama. Hi~;, Q! an
entire raft of 60-C4illed "wlJite. :~>Jal'e" _vJ.JU~i.,....il! J.bAU:IAI.lY
one OJat is w<Jrthy the aUention of iuwiUgent per-son.~>.
Of tbis play. l~win Markham rlgl.itlY say~>: "It earr)el:l
its lessolil with more of art tlJ.an &ly of tb.e Br1eux
1
1
�••
The Western Comrade
282
tlrama5 and ill aa ellective--a perfect bit of work."
Play11 like }fr. Bynner's are rarely, if ever, pro-
duced on tbe stage.
The real dramas of life a re not
foond In the theaters; they are between book covers.
i
THE
UN HAPPY
* * *
ENDING-
Many pf'rf!Orls seem to think that a short story or a
non•l, to he artisti~. must have an unhappy ending.
Othcns say tlwir reading matter may ha ve Jots of
Jlllthos and tragedy bPtween pages 100 and 250, but
tlw last chaJ•I~>r must include a hugging match. Can
"''' Kl!Y that l•oth are wrong? Is it wrong to contend
that a nat ural ..ruling, an ille\·itaiJle ending is the thing
to l11• fiN;ir·•·d, rathf'r than a determination to have the
tal•· •·nd happily or uuhappily? A friend of mine, who
•·arms !JIK lll'ing hy writiug "JJiec·es for the papers,"
o1Jc·1· told rn1• 1hat persons who dam or for unhappy endillgK lu·ca)tKP thPY are "artitst ic" must believe tha t a
llf't>lng l'artl!lc· with a tomato can atta~hed to h is tail
lltUKt lw art lillie IJec·au!;t' lie -has an · unhappy ending.
A
PLATITUDE-
*
* *
ThPI'I' arc• KIJme Jl f'f'HO II S who ea rn th eir li velihood
hy wri t in,:;- t'KKaYK a11u articles a nd books in which they
Kll'ivf' f { J Khow rlw futili ty of writing books, because,
11i1•y Hay, thNP iH 11othing new und e r th e sun. Usually,
wi• a'r·c· to ld th at I he yearly book otnput, In this country
ulo ll l', IK Homethill g like 1 ii,OOO. These anti -bookists
wri t<• th e ir hooks a nd arti f' les because t hey have somethin g to Uoli II H. They hav e an opinion on a certain subjec t. And it Is this ve ry sam e desire that a ctuates
c·ollllth•HR writ e rs to 1> ~ 11 LJOoks-th ey wa nt to te ll us
HOIItc lhing. So, th e argument of the anti -bookists is,
In J'a c:t, an argum ent for books, more books, and still
moro books . W e 'll always want to talk, we'll always
try to s ay old thin gs in a ne w way and new things in
nn olu way. And , wh e n we can't tlnd any t hing to write
a iJout, we 'll write an essay pointing out the futility of
writin g books.
All of whi ch re minds me of Sc hopenhau e r. He s pent
his e ntire life asking "What's th e use ?" He worked
like a s lnve writing ponderous profundity to prove that
lit'e Isn't worth living. Dut, hi s earnestness, his patlonce, his hard work nil tended to prove that "What's
tht' li S<'" Is non sense and that life, afte r all, is worth
li v lug .
*. * *
THE COMPLETE RlLEY-
HNbert H. Hyman, writing in the October issue of
'I'll(' Dookmnn, s ays that ''the first comple te collection
ot' the wo:·ks of James "hitcomb Riley in both prose
nnd 1>0<'1ry, containing more than 200 poe ms which have
11e v ' I' before 1\]J)leared In any book, will be published
thi · (0 tolle r) month. 1t is ofte n wonde re d why American radical ' hav take n s uch a liking to Riley's poe try,
co11s id ring t ha t th re is v t'Y little ra dicalism in his
\'N'ses. to suy nothing of a re volutionary spirit. The
lUIS \\' t'. to my mind. is 110t difficult to find . While not
l l (lOl'l· o f social pass ion. ;James Whitcomb Riley is a
de mocrat {wit h a small ''d") -'~ho is of the people, who
has n kindly humor and who ca res more fo~ the common dalsit'S of lnnua nity than the s mart-folk hot- house
I'O:S ~. P el of hom ly t hing and s ma ll tow n folk , Riley
could not be ot her t han a democra t . Of cour e, r adicals
h ld Umt democracy i not enough. Riley is to be comm nd d fo1· lo\'ing the people and singing of t hem in
hi kindly manner, but ra di<'al seem to -wa~i a great
deal more than that. They want the re\-olutionary pirit
of Socialism fused \\-ith this lo\"e for the people; in
other words, they want tbe poet to thunder again t
social wrongs and inspire the people to lofti.e r planes
of existence. The poet is expected. in ~ subtle rounda bout manner, to tell the people to \"Ote the oelalls t
ticket and elect Job Harriman mayor of Lo Angeles.
*
*
*
- THE WHY OF IT-
There are m a ny persons who go walk ing because
they "want the exercise," while others walk for the
sheer joy of it, glorying in the esthetic s en a tion wa lking offers. I once knew a dignified boy who used to
go t o the swimming hole becaus e he wanted "to be
clean" ; but all the other boys I've k nown never thought
of t he sanitary phase o f s wimming; they only conside re d the fun, the ha ppiness that comes t o one floun d ering about in the wa ter. So is it with reading. Some
persons r e ad because they wish t o get a mass of facts
and details ; their motive is merely t o learn t hings. The
fa ct-seeke r conside rs a book nothing more than a s ort
o r' postum product- brain food, " Take it home with you ;·
Shredded \Vheat is r eady- cooked and r eady-to-se r ve"but the true book lover can tal;e the same book and use
it as an aeroplane t o carry him to the mountain peak.
Fact-seekers usua lly memorize long passages from
Hugo, Schiller, Goldsmith or the " Private Memoirs" of
John L. Sullivan. The fact-seeker digests books- precisel y the word I have been waiting for! - diges ts, r e digests ; a book to a fact- seeke r is a huge, steaming
dish of corned beef and cabbage. Book lovers read for
the sheer. joy of reading. Turning the pages of a book,
they feel wonde rful s ensations of suspense and surprise ;
they feel love, hate, fear; they laugh, they shed a tear;
they feel all the passions of man. Wit h them, reading
is an ad venture. It gives the opportunity Emerson
s peaks about : mounting to the skies by the stairway of
surprise.
*
*
Advanced thinkers in Burope are now concluding
that language must be revolutionized, considering that
old words. are still being used to express new ideas.
Take, for instar!ce. the word souL To the orthodox
theologist it m ean s something that le aps from one's
body and flies to some sort of a hea venly paradise. The
same word is used _ by artis ts to express that vague
something which emotion e ffect s. God means a t hou sand diffe rent things to a thousand different pe rson s.
I have met many radical idealists who use the word
God to signify the bright goal that beckons them to a.
loftier plane of e xistence. Confusion re!ults when old
words a re used to express new shades of thought. Lan guages, like institutions, need re volutionists .
*
JUST TO FILL SPACE-
The printer t ells m e the.re is room for another paragraph in this " Books a nd R ea ding" depar tment. "If
you don't tu rn out e nough to fi ll this hole I'll ha \ e to
s tick a poem in," he says. So, I take my typew riter
in hand with much gus to lest some poet steal space that
properly belongs to me. Of course, I don't intend to
say a nythi ng; I'm only rattling this typewriter to kill
time and fill .spaee. Ami if you don't ttlre It, you aon•t
have to.
�The Western Comraae
2 3
Amuseruents for the Young
B.' A G
E S H. D 0
r~:!!
!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'l ROM east and west comes the cry that
·
we are losing in the moral quality of
F
rN I
G
quires social · changes that cannot be tfe t~ In a day
and the problem of the cllildren is, abov all others a
problem that cannot walt. Moreover, if we react! out
tod:aJ to have our youth we can baYe the help of their
fiery enthusiasm in making the world better for all.
What can we do today? The question is not sa complex as might seem from a brief view, for all these children who find their way to shacking vices and petty
crimes have a comJDon starting place. Strang as it may
seem the poor little one froxq the slums that started by
stealing an apple and the petted child o[ the fa hionabl
-dame, had the same point of departure. They wer
both seeking for pleasure.
Let us right here convince ourselves Ithat pleaa_u1·e
is good and necessary. It is. That i one r ason wh:
the churches and the schools · do not save ven their
own. They cannot save the ones who. have th fullest
ad,·antages of both. This is not to their discredit for
they have not been organized nor are they supported to
do this work. One church that put in an athletic apparatus and a tennis court for week days closes th se
features on Sundays. Those who support the church
will not have it used for Sunday amusements, and the
boys and girls for whom lt was equipped go to the
amusement parks and to the beaches, whlle the church
is preserving its traditions by keeping up this puritanical
severity. The minister in this case sees the mistake
but the members-do not.
What joy do we offer our youth? Can you na~e a
single amusement in your city that Is offered them?
All is for sale for profit for the promoters. And how
are · they conducted? You do not know. It would take
an extensive investigation to tell.
The Chicago vice commission tells in Its report how
amusement parks, Jake front resorts, lake steamers,
pleasur.e boats, shows, some pool rooms, many theaterB
and even some ice cream parlors are connected with
and leading to the worst forms of vice. A recent book
by Kneeland and publlshed by the Bureau of Social
.Hygiene states similarly of New York. As far as Investigations have been made similar facts exist In other
cities. And we continue to send out our stream of
youth, fresh and beautiful as the morning, but wlth
every nerve and fibre in their bodies calling out for
the normal pleasures which are their due, and we leave
them at the mercy of the profit mongers.
To give to all the freedom of joy and thus to save a
maximum we should have the amusements within the
reach of all. We must have large municipal amusements and the motherli'ood of the cities must bestir ltseir that we get these and get them properly conducted.
We are failing, we have failed, In trying to make youth
good by repression on the one hand and commercialized
amusements on the other. We must give to youth safe
and wholesome surroundings and with it full opportunity for expression. We must make joy so easy and
pleasure of the wholesome kind scr natural that vlclous
amusements will be abandoned.
our youth. Young boys are ' een synlcal
and hardened at twenty and. they fill the
~
Zi'l
penitentiaries at twenty-five. . Young
girls, In large numbers arre befOre the
Juvenile Courts with experiences and
attitudes that bid bad for their futures;
while the streets a:re filled with bold,
wayward ones of both sexes.
· Then come .the white -slavery cases,
' he police court cases, the hospitals, maternity and oth~
1·r kinds, that makes the thoughtful wonder, what for
rhe future . .
Vei-ily in the conservation of youth we a,re losing.
Careful staisticians the world over tell us that juvenile
1·ri me is on the increase. Lewis E. ·P almer wi-lting for
rhe Survey· says: "The surprising fact is that about
half of America's offenders range between the ages of
ren and thirty." Crime and Criminals, justly prized for
its authenticity says: "While it has been shown on the
authority of congressional investigation ·and noted experts that throughout the civilized world crime is on
the increase, this increase is most marked in the case
of juvenile offenders." And to be more concrete Mr.
Frederick C. Howe, the great city expert tells . us that
more than 10,000 children under the age of sixteen
years are arrested annually in New York. Other Amerkan cities have showings as bad in proportion to the-Ir
populations. If this continues can the beautiful agelong symbol of the innocence of children be t~e type
for all purity?
Even the hardest of us cannot blame the children
hut are willing to ask why it is and what can be done.
Most keenly does this affP.ct women, who just coming into a position of social responsibility, find that
their peculiar and special charge, their children, that
nature put entirely into their keeping, are finding the
dull rub of the world unbearable.
What can they do?
At present the church and school are at work with
noble p.urpose but the obdurate facts show their hick
of success.· A staunch friend of both institutions, the
devoted• Jane Addams, says (in The Spirits of Youth in
the City Streets, page 159), "We are at times obliged
to aslmit, however, that both the school and the church
have failed to perform this office, and are indicted by
the young people themselves." They do not reach the
<"hildren even if they were efficacious. The church
reaches but a small fraction, and the schools, their
fraction has been counted, the grammar school reaches
about one-third of the children, the high Sl!hools about
one-tenth, the colleges about one one-hundredth and
the private schools and academies a negligible number.
Some other way must be found."
As it is the children with the least adult care that
fail most-t~ children of the very poor where p·a rents
do not have the time, and among the well-to-do where
fashion or amusement claims too much from the eldrs, obviously a change that would equalize conditions
"Twlll be as easy then for the heart to be true
would do much. An economic status that would give to
As for grass to IJe green or skies to be blue,'Tis the natural way of living."
the poor the comforts of life and opportunity for the
care of their children, and take from exp:::J.::.
o~
it:.:;
e.:.
rs
;:-.t
;;h:.:e;:-_ _ _= ----;-'!Trt!
'tlleY was e m 1 e s ow, o the det ment
"'e may havet<>change some of our standards a
little. Frederick C. Howe, above quoted, says thAt w
of their children, would save the youth. But this re-
�284
The Western Comrade
cut a pattern of the best man and tried to make all
men measure to it. If we have done this with-men
how much worse have we done with women. For
women we have cut a pattern from an impossible ideal
and we have stoned right and left In a vain eflort to
make it uni versal. It were better far to dispense with
patterns. Let each develop as best he can: Let us·
have the realities of life; we have had enough of the
make- believes.
Nobler ideals and freedom of joy will do wonders.
Of course some will be afraid it cannot be done. AI-
CAPITAL
There is no such thing as capit~l. Anyone who
starts out to defi ne capital -is a fool, and that is why
all professo rs of economics- at our various universities
are so busy doing it all the time. Each new light in
the field of political economy expends at least a couple
of chapters in his monumental work in a fresh and
manful attempt to define capital. By the time he is
through he has succeeded in add_ing to the already
heroic li s t of dope the poor students have to memorize
one more batch of facts that aren't so.
The aim of all this century-long defining of capital
is to give to th e polite world the assurance that there
is an inherent and essential diffe re nce between capital
and !abo!'. The stock exchange hires the classroom, as
it has so often hired the pulpit, to ease its conscience
and to show the ethical and moral basis of robbery.
Once admit that there is such a thing as capital apart
from labor and upon that foundation a good wide-awake
professor in need of promotion can build a wonderful
tower of light that can cover the misdeeds of a generation with a noble effulgence.
Let us take, in the considera-t ion of this so-called
capital, the familiar instance of a railroad. A railroad
is commonly called a species of capitaL Now what is
there about a railroad which is not labor? What is
there i-n any stage of a railroad's existence which is not
labor? In order to produce a railroad we ha,·e to chop
down trees, dig up iron ore, blast Iron into steel, lower
grades, and bridge chasms·. All this is labor as any
man will quickly lind out who goes to doing any of it.
But while this is going on the laborer who is running
donkey-engines and driving spikes must be fed. And
right here is where the protagonist of capital gets off
a little hot air. Capital Is needed, he says, to feed this
horny-handed one and therefore the railroad cannot
exist without capital that feeds horny-hands while he
is laying the rails! But no matter how bard the hands
or howsoever tough the digestion, the laborer cannot
masticate gold; he cannot be shod in Common Stock
nor .can he drink preferred. What the man eats is
bread, and bread is produced by some other laborers
somewhere who exchange bread for railroads- and wind
up with neither. From beginning to end, from original
survey to Pullman diner, there is not one thing in a
whole railroad that Is not a ctual labor at that particular
mon~nt. The so-called "store d-up" labor which professor s of economics try to call capital, the steamshovels, cranes, pile -drive rs, and the like, are all at
that time a part of the r;tilroad and of all of them the
same can be shown, that there is nothing in them at
any point or at any moment eithe_r in their constructlo n or m
iGh · ,o urel ia'tro iT :S
ways the voice of prudence, short-sigh'ted . prudence,
would choke out all great social effort if it ·could. The
cost? The poor of New York alone· collectively spend
$70,000,000 annjlally on amusements.. Proportionally like
sums are spent in other places. This money could be
made to flow into municipal channels te the ..ennobling
of cities by erecting athletic halls, courts, amusement
-parks, ball parks, billiards, baths, art, rides, and the
manifold forms of expression which an awakened joy
would create. It would save our youth; it would be .
worth the while.
By SYDNEY HILLYARD
not one item in .any of them nor in the whole finished
raliroad product upon whi-c h a man can place his finger
and say, "Now, this is capital."
This is the reason why every professor of economics
and labored writer of political economy defines "capital':
in a different way-it is because the thing which they
define bas no existence. These men sweat blood trying
to separate the inseparable, they call together the four
winds to blow apart a natural and indivisible unity.
'l'he product of labor is the proauct of labor, and labor
is labor, and a natural resource is a natural resource,
or in other words, land is land, and there you are, while
what, oh what, is capital?
-
.. ..
..
TRANSITION
By Anne R. C hlst
Oh, brutal phase of human nature '.Vhen
Man gloats in battl e ·o'er his vanquished toe
A nrl r eve1s In the pain of fellowmen.
\Vhat thl11g hast Thou created here below?
For tho' we m·ay n ot know the fateful day
Of Judgment when hath ftown the mortal breath
Slill dare we In Thy spotless n ame to slay
Till drunken In debauchery of death.
As such, Oh Lord, hast Thou not molded us
Nor sinful as the tempted Saints who fell
From Paradise to d epths of Erebus
Nor as the Slnglr sweet of Israel
\Vho a nger ed . But as Thine own given Son,
Thine ol'ferin g to H eaven f or r elease
From w ays unhallowed of the warring on e
That we, as brothers all, mig ht know Thy Peace.
At l ast, in ev' r y land Th y workers are
Anew proclaiming that which He dtdst teach,
To throng ing thousands who will n ever warTo m en whose n ew-born thoug hts towalf-d• Justice reach.
And down the sands of 'l'lme the armies go
Of th em \v h o, ruling, have not rul ed for Good
The mission of God's Socialists to show
\'l' ith Him who bled, th e way to Brotherhood.
..
A
NEW
.. ..
DEFINITION
Secretary Bryan, at a dinne r in Washington, said
of one· of those patriots who are always talking thirstily
about a Japanese war:
"Patriotism is love of one's country. Yes, perhaps.
But often, too often, it is hatred of other countries.
"As for imperialis-m - "
·
The secretat·y waved his palm leaf fan gaily.
"As for imperialism "
at--m+gh+-1;
e ned as international kleptomania. "
�The Western Comrade
25
Public Education
and Social
•
Progress
By LEO
This is the second and last of a series of article by Prof. Leo W. Wax. The educational value ' of these
articles cannot be questioned and they should be preserved for: their historic value to th.e readers. The thorough training and education of Prof. Wax tit him to speak with authority on the subject of education.
·~"""""""'"WJ""""~~~~ N THOSE European countries where
thetr parents' pocket-books as the · determining factor
traditional class d-ivisions still prevail
in this cla diYision.
the children of the various classes do
At any r~te he calls attention to the exl tence or two
not minglE> much. One seldom finds
distinct classes of children in -our schools and in the
there peasant children rubbing elbows
name of social stability and safely he demands that
with those of blue blood nobility in the
each be given the kind of education that will fit its
!!arne schoolhouse. In this country,
members for their respective future roles in 'Society
.
however, the school is a more demowithou t arousing ambitions that cannot be reallz d.
•
cratic instltu.tion, and a part from the
He advocates industrial education for the "mass s" as '
fC'w belonging to the very exclusive set
the only permanent cure of our social 111s.
educatE-d in private schools and boardT\lis proposal may sound somewha.t rasping in the
lng-houseR, children of various socia l and economic
ears of the self-comp<lacent individual peacefully dr amHtandings occupy the same school bench and participate
ing to the familiar tune so often repeated that this is
of the same mental food .
a country of equal opportunities where the washThis equality is limited in duration, however, owwoman's child bas the same chance as any-o·n e else to
ing to the need of the sons and daughters of the poor
work himself up and become a Rockefeller, a Carnegie
to graduate early into the school of real life and assume
or even pr~sident of the United States, if he only has
t hri J' respective po~ ltion s in th e s truggle for existence.
the ·ambition. But this tune is rapidly getting out of
The recent report of the School Board of Massachusetts
style anyway and is sung now only occasionally in a
Hhows that 74, 000 children between the ages of 14 and
Fourth of July oration or in a political campaign speech
17 are out of school in that state alone (which is, by
when the people's votes are wanted in support of the
flu.' way, the cradle of uniYe J·sal compulsory education).
old regime, and thi s, too, before Increasing skeptical
·10,000 of them bE>ing regu·larly employed in the textile
audiences.
and othel' Indu stries. But even this limited amount of
It will be found interesting at this point to refer
c•q uullty I s ca using an xiety In the minds of some or
back for a moment and compare this educational cure
our patriotic C'ducators and statesman wh en th ey come
for the threatening social unrest conceived In the libto ~ p ec ulat e oveJ' America's future.
era! mind of a college president of the 20th century
''How !'a n a nation endure," exclaims Dean Russel
in democratic America with that proposed for the same
of Ten(·he rs' College, Columbia University, when it
purpose by the above -mentioned minister of Russian
lu•pps a rou s ing in the mailses strivings and ambitions
education, Shlshkoff, in compliance wllb an "ukaz" or
whi<' h ure naturally impossible of fulfillment?" "If
the tyrannical Niiholas I. of beaurocratlc Ru ssia in the
the chif' f fun ction of govemment is to maintain social
beginning of the 19th century. Besides revealing the
ord e r aut! presen ·e the stability of the state, what right
st1·iking s imilarity of both plans on the point of dividing
have we to cdu ca.te the' masses in the same way as
public education along class lines, this comparison also
we educate the ir leu.J ers ?" "Js human nature so conshows clearly that those concerned in the stablllty and
s tituted," . li P asks with right, "that a man will stand
perpetuation of an exis ting regime ·have always and
l'almly by watching his rival climb up high on the social
everywhere e ndeavored to use public education for that
ladder, cspeeially when he does so not through altopurpose. To bring up contented, pious, and obedient or .
gcthe J' honest means, while he himself must remain
laW-abiding citizens has a lways been and is today the
bPIow nnd CR nnot rise at all? Is it any wonder that
final goal anq •purpose of e very educationa l system conwe have so much trouble with our working people?"
trolled by th e ruling classes. The program of studies,
"\\'e are optimistic, indeed," he goes on to say, "if
the choice of text and reading matter, the e mphasis put
we se no cause for alarm in our present condition, and
on some subjects and the neglect or omission of others,
we are worse than fool s if we imagine th'at our social
in a word all the work of the school is carefully planned
ills can be cured by supe rficial external remedies.
and adopted with this final aim in view.
Proper legislation can furnls b some temporary relief, to
Every study that would reveal the faults of the ex!sting order, every book t hat might arouse discontent
be Rure, but it is only the right kind of education alone
that can pe rmane ntly save us !rom perdition." (Educawith things as they are, every teacher that is known to
tiona! Review, June, 1906.)
·
entertain and profess radical ideas on the subject of
.Just how to separate the children on the school
governme11t and prevailing institutions--all these are as
hench while till in their knee-breeches into the masses
much as possible withheld.
and tho e "destined to be their leaders" is a problem
On the other hand, religious societies, churches,
that would apt> ar to present some difficulty. But since
missions and the like carry on a brisk activity In our
Dean R\t, e doea.JUlLenl.ighien us__on this point it rnu~---GO>Heg.es-an~~ties witft...t-hedireet-etd-1Hiu~·---be left to speculation with l:be negative assumption
co-operation of the authorities.
only that he does not consider the respective sizes of
There ha.s been indeed a good deal of preachln.g,
- ·,I
�286
The Western Comrade
lecturing and writing going on of late to the effect that
there is · no actual antagonism between science and
religion; that they are on the contrary two sisters, so
to speak, of the same flesh and blood. Th& fact that
these two sisters have always been at the point1 of the
knife, that religion has for tliousands of years perse~
cuted and suppressed her younger sister science, denouncing, anathematizing, torturing her representatives,
and burning them at stake; the fact that the two are
by their very essence Incompatible and antagonistic,
the one being based on blind faith and unquestioning
adherence to authority, while the very existence of the
other depends upon critical investigation and bold inquiry, recognizing no authority but that of inte11ect and
logical reasoning-all this is being variously explained
by our learned preachers, lecturers and journalists. But
whatever the actual: merit of these exp.lanations, the efforts to bring about a displomatic compromise between
these two antagonists of yore are already producing
results. On many occasions one tinils nowadays socalled science and religion- clasping· hands, and it is
Qften pretty difficult t,o distinguish between the university professor and t he ecclesiastic. Very frequently indeed he is actually one and the same person.
The church owns and controls a very great number
of univen;ities, colleges arid common schools in this
country as in all European countries. In some sections
of this country the attendance at the parochial schools
comprises as many as 7ii and 80 ]J'er cent of the school
population.
The re lationships between the denominational and
secu lar school have been far from friendly in former
years. The authorities of the denominational schools
have on eYery occasion denounced the secular schools
as ungodly, irreligious and hence immoral. Declaring
that the pupils of the secular schools are let loose into
the world devoid of religion and morality, they repeatedly warned the pious and God-fearing parents
a~ainst sending their children there.
The last few years. however, have witnessed a
marked change of attitude between these two former
antagonists. It appears that the modern tendency towards combination and concentration characterizing
our industrial world has permeated into the scholastic
world· as well. These two kinds of educational institutions have evidently come t realize that rather than
competing and divldin t eir .forces it ' uld be better
policy to combine and feed· their herds on ommon pasturage and with united watchfulness guard
ir charges
against feeding on unwholesome food or drinking from
impure sources.
In Canada, Mexico and in some of our own 'Vestern
States this happy union between the denominational and
secular schools has already been affected, in many ins ta:nces, and it is to be expected that other places will
follow suit.
In speculating upon the probable effects of these attempts at reconciliation between religion and science on
eith-er of the two, one is naturally reminded of the policy
always pursued by the church. Whenever she found it
impossible to defeat her antagonist in direct conflict,
she sought to defeat his ends and gain her advantage
through a diplomatic peace.
The conduct of the seq_uj.ar schools, moreover, in
point of religion, piety and godliness has b~j!n such as
to satisfy the church in all particulars, and leave her
no apprehension as to her hold upon the graduates In
their future lives. College education does not exclude
but often goes hand in hand with religious bigotry.
Every college and university as a rule
- - --<:cfl''tl1'C
a1l:Y services are conducted
either by one of the faculty or by a special pl'iest maintained by the institution for the purpose and where
atterulance is usually compulsory. Every university Is
provided wit special halls and accommodations for
religious meetings, Bible and mission classes and other
religious organizations of various descriptions. Commencement exercises and other important college and
·university ·functions invariab,ly open with prayer. The
University of Michigan, for · example, qualifies on the
avetage six priests and missionaries out of every graduating class. Thus the school furnishes adhetents and
worshtpers for the · church and the church in turn
spreads her protecting wings upon the school.
These two institutions supply the spiritual and mm:al
foundation upon which the existing order rests. "As a
police measure alone the school is worth all the money
it' costs the government to maintain It," observed a
shrewd American statesman, whose name I cannot now
recall. . .
The school deals with the human individual in his
tender and plastic age, at the time when nis character
is being molded and the first determining stamp put
upon his ego, when his nervous connections' can be
re~lated a.nd permanently fastened · into habits af
thought and habits of action, which the circumstances
of future life are but too often powerless to alte1·. The
ave,rage individual passes through life with the ideas,
ideals, b,el.iefs and habits imbibed in his youth. He may
wander over seas and oceans, he may change skies and
cliiD.ates, he may settle amidst entirely new surroundings, social and political life around him may become
revolutionized, his habits of thought and action will remain substantially the same. He will rather submit to
inconveniences and disadvantages, he will rather suffer
losses and sacrifices, he is often ready to give away his
very life for the Ideals, ideas and habitll acquired 1n
youth.
As a matter of fact the conservative man cannot
see why he should have to change his mode of life and
conduct to suit the times. He demands on the contrary
that life itself should remain stationary. He laments
over the "good old times" when he felt so well, when
his thoughts and actions were in full accord with his
surroundings. Naturally then he will strive to counteract and obstruct any change in these surroundings
which would tend to make him uncomfortable.
But even th~ more progressive individual, of mature
age, who has been brought to the realization that something is the · matte1·, that he ought to introduce some
changes in his mode of thought and action, often find s
himself unable to a!Ject these changes; he is powerless
against his own self. For habit is not second nature,
it is tenfold nature.
Those of the immigrants to this country who are
making serious efforts to Americanize, tO cast off their
home habits and customs, and adopt neliW ones in their
stead, find the task almost impossible of accomplish ment. As a matter of fact they ·never succeed, how ever hard they ma:y try, to Americanize thoroughly. On
the other hand the second generation of tll.t)Se immi grants coming under the influence of the pubHc schools
finds no difficulty whatever in that regard.
There are cases, it is true, where a person breaks
away· completely from the ideals and beliefs of his youth
and adopts creeds, doctrines, and modes of life In utter
contrast to his upbringing. This is especially likely to •
happen when his education was carried on iq violation
of some fundamental laws of psychology, At any rate
these cases are the exception and not the rule.
Be&id ,
wns are usually the result
of a spiritual and mental crisis, and like all crises it is
�The Western Comrade
abnormal, it causes a great waste of spiritual and
mental energy, and 1s fraught with grave dangers to the
Individual concerned. A person who has had all t his
youthful Ideas, Ideals and beliefs· uprooted a t a .single
stroke without sufficient time and opportunity to acquire
and Implant others In their stead Is likely to become a
moral cripple. He .Is likely to remain without any
character, without any moral atamina. Amenable to all
possible external Influences, without any Inward balance, he may be tossed about from extreme to extreme
on the b1llows of life, easy to yield to any temptation,
likely to turn traitor to any cause.
Hence such crises are undesirable, and a proper
education should seek to avoid the possibillty of such
crises by sufficiently preparing the child not for the beliefs of the past, not even so much for the notions of
the present, but for the ideals. dreams and posslbllltles
of tl;le future.
It has been firmly established by modern psychological study and research that not only Is human action subject to the law of habit formation, but human
thought Is likewise controlled by the operations of the
sa me law.
Roughly and hastily speaktng this process Is as follows: Something in the external world produces an
impression upon any one of the sense organs .. This impression is at once taken up by a special messenger,
known in psychology as an afferent nerve, and Is rapidly
carried to the main station, the brain center. As soon
as this message is received and interpreted, another
messenger, called an efferent nerve, is hastily dispatched
with a reply to some muscle or some other brain center
calling for a certain action or thought. This completes
the circuit ' and constitutes the expression corresponding
to the given Impression.
Should the same Impression occur again it will ten,d
to trod in some familiar path attended by the same
messengers and the response will be the same, provided that the results of the first r·e sponse were satisfactory. In order to make a certain expression habitual
then, all that is necessary to do Is to supply the impression and watch for the ensuing- expression. Sometimes su-g gestion or direct imitation Is required to call
forth the desired expression. Make the results pleasurable and you are certain to get the same expression in
the future whenever the same or even a similar imlll'ession occurs.
On the other hand if the expression obtained is undesirable make the results distinctly disagreeable, and
repeat ·the same ·ope-r ation until you get the expression
looked for; and then continue repeating until the habit
is established.
The school, having the human Individual under its
The Western Comrade
Vol. 1.
~
No. 8
r
care at the time when most ·of I:i.is habits are being
formed, supplying the child with most of Its Impressions through the process of teaching as well as
through Its general atmosphere, plays therefore a gigantic role in shaping the destlnles of individuals and
of · nations, and in tlie enhancement or retardation of
social progress In accordance with the ideals domlnatIJ!g lts:-procedure and the final goal towards which Its
educational activity is directed.
·- One ·other significant feature charactetizlng pubUc
education' all through its history ought to be mentioned
here In conclusion. I .refer ·to the zeJLlous watchfulness
with whi!)h P.Ublic education has been guarded against
external infiuenees and unorthodox doctrines In religion,. morality, or politics. Any attempt to Introduce
new ideas into the minds of the youth, not In: accord
with the old establ,ished notions, at once fell under
suspicion as · dang~rous, and the Innovator was often
persecuted and his teachings suppressed.
Socrates, one of Greece's greatest philosophers and
noblest thinkers, was accused of corrupting the ·youth
and .condemned to death for no other offense than that
lie taught the people new ideas of philosophy, t-ruth,
and justice that were not in agreement with those
sanctioned by the state.
Tw'o thousand, tw.o hundred and nine years have
·passed slnee· that time. The mighty stream of human
history rolled on and on, bringing about radical changes
and .transformations In every aspect of llfe. But the
watchfulness of the ruling classes over the education of
the masses has not relaxed. On the contrary, it has
become more systematized, more centralized, more
thorough.
·
Only four years ago history repeated itself in the
most striking fashion. The Christian rulers of Spain
murdered Francisco Ferrer, one of that country's noblest men, a most devoted teacher and ldeallst, for no
other offense th~n- that he attempted to Introduce into
the minds of the youth ideas and Ideals that did not
meet with the approval of the 'church and the state.
Here we are reminded. through association of Ideas
that church and state have always resorted to suppression by dungeon, fire, sword and all Imaginable tortures
in theireffort to prevent innovations, check the stream
of social progress. and thus perpetuate their authority
and maintain their domination. But all the injury done
to progress by these means of direct suppression becomes insignificant when compared with the indirect
but far-reaching effeets of a falsified education constantly poisoning the minds with adulterated mental
food, constantly training the young· Into a static, complacent, uncritical, unprogressive and servile manhood.
The ·Social - Democrat
Official organ of the Soclallst movement of Callfornia; owned by the party-the very best propaganda
newspaper In the West. In addition to its propaganda
work
constantly keeps In touch with the dally Ufe
of the movement, bringing to its readers each week a
reflection of what Is actually being done. Correspondents
everywhere make It .a mirror of the field o~ action.
YOU ought to have this great paper. Stitt Wilson calls
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___.,...,..00iate....Ea.i1"t.ot'S---.,.-------i,~est-in-Amel'iea. tts-a-doUar
c ve
Eleanor Wentworth .
Emanuel Julius
forceful, virile-always on the job for the revolution.
November, 1913
Published Monthly by
UNION LABOR NEWS COMPANY, INC.
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EDITORS
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u:
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Box 136, Loa Angeles, Cal.
�THREE BOOKS
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By Stanley B. Wilson, IOc.
•
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c•
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1913-11
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1913-11
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n08_191311
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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v01n08
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36 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
When Girls Go on Strike
We Call it War!
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
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Text
~TOBER,
TEN . CENTS
.
.
1913
~j
..,..,..,---
-.......,,
~ .
.\ ·
\.
-
- -..r -
�The Western Comra d e
,
In the Editorial Room
....
Not a month has passed during the life of this maga~ine that some new writer or artist of worth
has not been introduced to the r eaders. This ni"onth the .pages teem with new names. · The contents of
this numher of The W estern .Comrade seem to t he editors so exceptionally worthy t hat they woril~ like
to write across the cover wl-iere all might see, "The best ·yet!" . · ·
Especially .do th e e~itors want to call your attention to th:e work of Charles Tracy, ·the artist who has
decor·ated the magazine. Tracy is a veteran in th E' California nio~ement. Years ago he struggled with
''Common Sense,'' a publication that many will ·remember. Those were the days when a subscription
meant a meal. Tracy is as. youthful as a hoy, as cheerl'ul as t he proveriJial kitten and as sincere in his
·work as the most profound scholar. There will be more of his work and it is certain to prove one of
th e delights of th e magazine.
W e feel that th e cover design t his month by Rob Wagner is his master stroke. It has the daring
of th e unconventional, the exactitude of absolute accuracy in that it at once is a work of beauty and an
announcement of fact- as well as being an exceptionally good likeness of Comrade Harry McKee.
"'l'he Under ground War," by J. L. Engd ahl, whose y ears of contact with miners have fitted him
to write th e story as few could, and the study of education by Prof. I.1eo Wax ar e two offerings of
which we are indeed proud.
Each of the other contributions fills its own little nook in a most delightfu l way. Altogether the
effectiveness of this number of The \ IV est ern Comrade must be r ated at above par ·as a work of constructive educational value, of the k eenest interest to the Socialist and ·to the outsider who is not afraid
to take · a peep at the ide&_s ·of others.
•
The Western Comrade
Vol. 1.
No. 7
~43
October·, 1918
The Progressive _ _,
'\VOMAN
Pub! ished :M onthly by
UNION LABOR NEWS COMPANY, INC.
203 New High Street, P. Q~ · Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
Today Is the most virile , educationa l, e nte rtaining m agazine In the Socln llst and Ruffragc movem ent. Full ,, f aspiration, vim and
zlo. · Excellent ft>ature articles. s tories and
Illustra t iOns. A magazine tha t d eals with
conditions and facts from the femi nist .anti
Socialist vie wpoint without gloves! Is n ' t
that what you want ?
The Progressive
Woman
Subscription· Price One Dollar a Y e_a r
SHOULD BE IN
YOUR HOME
Why nnt ~Pt It?. Yours for 50 ce nts for one
Ch
-.K
W
YC'ar : 2fi r.Pnto. In rlnh" of four nr more. AdB . W I"ls i
,
ester ln .
right
dress THE PROGRESSIVE WOMAN, 5445
Drex el Avenue , Chicago, Ill.
. ate··.Ed1
"to.,."
________ ___hundred.
(B..undl.es_foL.!ocals...and-.hustle~s --$2.00- p e l'' ----·-··-·--- Socl
···
•-<>•-~-)
EDITORS
Stan 1ey
Eleanor W entworth
Fred C. Wheeler
Emanuel Julius
Rob Wagner
'
�The Western Comrade
TWO TRAINS
B y F RA N K . E .· W OLFE
f
I
r
It was hot, bt oifing, s1zzling hot. The si lver
mounted thermometer that hung In a nook reg istered 105 and the humidity was unspeakable.
Servants clad in snowy rai ment were moving
about swiftly and noisetessi y. Whirling fans
were gi ven the, proper slant to blow s·o othing
breezes; ic!'d Q;rinks were serv~ii ·. ~ nd dainty
summer d ishes, .fruits "and i'c es wer e on ·all the
tables.
.
.
Spotless napery-, sparkflng cut glass and
shi ning silver was .set .off by . t;~uquets of fresh
flowers. Women I n filmy· lawns d awdled with
salads and ices and the .men were oppr essed
and ennuied by the heat .a11d 'bores()meness of
the journey. Everybody s i pped cooling -drinks.
It was luncheon hour In the diner of the
Manhattan Limited. The eastbound train pulied
Into a dim and musty.· statio.n •. -,;n Instant later
a westbound Immigrant train drew In and
stopped opposite the Limited. Wlridow to window the trains stood. There the Inmate's of.
each conveyance got a glimpse of' how the other
wOt"ld lives.
The i mm i grant train composed of " day
coaches" was overcrowded. . Every one of the
str aight-backed, narrow, close · seats contained
at least t wo passengers-sometimes there were
two or three children in addition. to the adults
on one seat.
Men and women either slept i n the abandon
of utter exhausti on or sat bolt upri9ht staring
vacantly. There were no fans, no ices,' no .coolIng drinks. The air was filled with a rotting
smell. The fetor of the place m'ade It dehumanlztng. This " freight" was on the way to
the Pennsylvania coal and iron districts--food
the hungry maw of steel !
Opposite a window sat a sleeping giant. The
bulk of him compelled attention. Bared th r.oat
and breast showed color and contour of torso
that would have delighted an artist, brought
joy to a sculptor -a great blonde viking w ith
wavy ha i r. Suddenly awakened he turned with
wide staring blue eyes and looked into t+le
luxurious car opposite . ..He .seemed to think it
a dream. Wonderment in his face gave way to
understanding. A look came into his eyes that
seemed to me the most hopeful thing in the
world-a look of Demos awakening. It would
have been an inspiration for a masterpiece had
some great artist seen it.
Flunkies hastened to close the windows lest
the stench and horror from the opposite should
shock the finer sensibilities of the Limiteds.
Then one train moved east-the other west.
•
•
•
219
•
•
•
..
Will the Giant awake ?
I saw another look of understanding last
night. A three-foot hedge at Fifth avenue and
Thirty -fourth street was the barrier.
Demos, this .time, was a tall, lit_
h e, dark, well
set up worker of Latin cast. He paused and
gazed steadily at the scene across the hedge.
A word will describe It: The dining room of
the Waldorf: Astorla at the fashionable hour.
Understanding was registered in every line
of his face. The alert policeman moved down
on him, spoke a word. then the thin lips parted
-=~---o~::==;;c~~·~f-c·· - rna ilow;-fas criiating sililre ·snOwliig .twol ines -of white teeth. One more look at the scene and
he moved rapidly on TOWARD THE EAST
SIDE.
�Tb.e Western C(i})m EE.die
My Confession
.
I[QJ
,
By JOHN M, WORK
...
r:cE rrpen a1 tinre, ]
gua;dllmtedl ftam m Iittl'e a:ea:dem>:w do?Nll! m So,uth:easti.e:m.. tov.:·~ And! the! a<m.e. eQ.Jll.eJ>
to> my nelllrt agaiDn\ a.g, I Clclll t.(!) mfn'dl tile J "U!Ilfo:tr Quartette sfngiing;, '"Fllliie-w.e-111~ Pa.r~vre-lll!~"' w.b&te. w-e
Were in 1!he mid'st 01 0-1re 0f! tile most liealnt=.:rren.di:ng; 1iragedifes; 0f hUID.aill!: li!re--1th~ S&\l"~iio.g; Qt SC::h~J
ties. H~w 1 wam'tedl to gO> t(l)l that s·elll!lo/11 !EJ1!ei'l'EW~ 11 wen.de£> :ti! the acom bas; th& hea.vt~.ehe w.hen it
~ buFs"ts its g;heU. ]1'. Clllil\ n:ever· be !!iii! oak Wlth(1)1rt. hmstmg~ 'Fhe bmst~~ <lfi: t!'l~ seh~] she-U t!:l: j,ust.
~~ as- necessary to 1illJtelirectual an.dl mom gj'o,wffu.
IDI th0se days, meredltiO-Ie as ~t may seem 1 was a nEe eatel". J had! been the most timid! bQ,y,' i~
' scnooF.. Tl'le flirst tiime I faced! an l!llldfence iiil! the literary soeielfy- hall. mw l~p tJiembtedl and t,he
•
c~rners 0f my moutlll !lrew themselves aw31;y dlown and for the· me of me 1 couldn't g,et them. st.raignt,
eued tiP again l!lllltil I l'e ft the platform a nd! sat down. ·
But 1 was ambitfous.. To acquire cimraf?.e '"and determination I read a bout aU sorts o.1 heroes, ox·
alfeged her-oes, and attempted ·to {mbibe their spirit. I read a bon . Demosthenes and his pebble. I · r ead about
OeneraJ Custer. with his fllowing Jocks, flourishing his saber and h~ ing defiance at the whole Conf:edel·ate army
And 1 said to myself, "JJ these fellows had nerve, why can't I?"
So I waded ln. I began to bowl and saw the ai'r every · time I found myself befoTe an audience. I soon dts,
covered that when a person shrieks and fans the air, people think be is a. sublime orator, no matter ~ hetner hel
says anything worth while or not. So I always did it. I got so I took great pleasure in it. It delighted -me beyond
measure to get out in front of the place where the carpet · left off and yell, and churn the air with my arms, and
s tamp the bare floor with my feet by way of emphasis until the dust rolled up and curled around my ea.rs ..
That's the way I did with my commencement oration. My subject was " The Rising Torrent.'' I pictured a
lot of terrible, horrid, grisly 'osophies, 'archies and 'isms, which were gaining ground, and, unless the Ude was
stemmed, they would sweep our .civilization over the precipice of revolution into th~ bottomless pit of- something or
other- ! don't remembe r just wha t. All I r emember is that I rolled civilization over the precipice and chuck ed her
~---down into the black hole and then gave her a kick.
·
Now, one of the dread 'isms which I pictured as being about t o sweep our civilization over the precipice of
revolution into the bottomless p it of what you-may-call-it was Socialism.
Yea, sir; Socialism!
Honest Injun-hope to di e!
W)1at did I kno w about Socialism?
Nothing.
AbRolutely noth ing.
A few years later I investigated Socialism . for the pur pose of pre paring a lecture against it.
I wound up by preparing one for it.
Since that lime I have been· atoning for that ignorant. blundering, idiotic crime.
0
SONG OF THE SHOVEL
Down on creation's muck-pile where the sinful swelter and.
sweat, ·
Where the scum of the earth foregather, rough. and untu ·
tored yet,
·
Where they swear In the s l x · foot spaces, or toll I n the bar·
row squad,
·
The men of unshaven faces, the ranks of the very bad,
Where the brute Is more than the human , the muscle more
than the mind ,
Where their gods are the loud-voiced gaffers, rugged, uncouth,. unki nd,
Where the rough of the road a r e roosting, where the fa iled
and the fallen be,
There have we met I n the d i tchway, there have I plighted
with thee
The wage-slave troth of our union, and found thee true to
my trust.
•
•
•
•
•
But you ' re foul to the haughtY: woman, bed l amon ' d s.l ave
of lust ,
Who bows to a selgn l or's sabr e, t i nged w i th a coward 's ru.s t,
Foul to t'he apl ng dandy w i th the glitter.i ng finger rings,
You who have hel ped to fashion the ,charnel vault of th.e
k i ngs !
-A'h! the l ady fair is d i sda i nful and l oathlngly l ooks askew,
And the ooll·a r ed .ass of the circle gazes l.n scorn at you,
B u t s·o m·e day you' ll ·scatter the -clay on gri nni ng lady and
l ord ,
<For _you:~s I s ·the <e_yJ!I!;al _t r_l_llm__pl:l oy_er thJL~C_eptne and -,or.d!
-,E,mp·ero~s [pass In ;an flour, em,p1res pass i rn a d ay,
B u t yo·u of t.h e loine .a nd mllc!k--plle open the
gra~t,e
a1W.aJY.
- FII'om Patric'k IMacGlJI's "'Songs of .a N avvy."
�The Western Com r ade
221
TWO F.O·R CES
.
.
By Eleanor·Wetitworth
WO agitators went ab-road .i n the land, talking to the .people
about the great c·a use o.f Economic ,Freedom.
The one was very bjtter. Incessantly he hurled anathemas
~gainst the oppressors. He. ·~rou~ed the· ire of the people; be
lighted the fires of hatred m thell' hearts; he caused them to
raise their clenched fists with the de~ire to destroy. Of gentleness he made a mockery.'
To the p eople he said, "Know tpat your so-called 'masters '
are but fat parasites, sitting on your backs, absorbing the energy, the life 's
blood, the hope of you who are the world, takin·g to themselves all the r esults
of your efforts and leaving you but an· empty pretense as a r eward."
He declared that bate was the world's great motive force, the fearful
cataract of snow and ice and debris let loose down the mountain-side by the
thawing of the Sprin l!time.
The other agitator knew only one sentiment- love. He was as gentle as a
mother, but as unwavering in his. purpose as the· ri~ing tide. His message to
the p eople was, " Love one anot her ." Cease wrangling amongst yourselves.
Stand shoulder to shoulder. Divided you are but so much· chaff wafted hither
and thither .tXhe furious winds of tyranny. United you are more mighty
than all the combined forces of hatred and oppression of all the ages, for you
set up against madness and. destruction, the tenfold -g~eater ·powers of peace
and co-operation. ''
Those who heard him felt welling up within th em a desire to create something beautiful ; a great, strong feeling that caused tham to know the str ength
of gentleness and to clasp hands with their nearest fellow.
And further he said, "Do not hate your oppressors. H e who is foolish hates
the st!·engtb of his opponent. He who is wise hates his own weakness and sets
to work to remedy it. The only strength of your oppressors is your weakness;
your weakness is your division amongst yourselves.''
He declared that love was the world's great creative force, the su bstance
of the pulsing hearts, the clear minds and the hardened bone and sinew fr<1tn
which would be built the House of Human F ellowship.
*
*
/
*
Some of the people loved th e one agitator and some loved the other. There
were very few who trusted both and thought them both sincere.
;
�222
The Western Comra :d e
HARRY Mcl{-EE-:I-5 -o~u-T
OF JAIL
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT
Photo s hows Kirk nnd K cK ee In prison,
McKee w earing coat.
Harry M. McKee is out of jail; out of the terrible
dazzle of the enamelled white bars and the glaring
white walls; but in his regained liberty he is a roaring
flame, scorching the defenses of the system that demanded his imprisonment, burning into the strongholds
of capitalism at a white heat that would not have been
possible but for his incarceration.
McKee passed two and one-half months in San Diego
county jail, after having -been .... convicted of conspiracy
to violate an anti-free speech ordinance and ·sentenced
by a Progressive judge. The entire proceeding is recognized by everyone familiar with the case as an enforced concession to the demands of a ruling ring of
Vigilantes, who, themselves guilty of the most heinous
atroc!tJe~, sotlght CO\f!!S !!P.I!er .the. IJUJlishmenLoLsome_. __
one else, followin g the time-honored principle of the
man who cried, "stop thief," so that he might escape
with the fruits of his own plunder.
Harry McKee emerged from the great concrete
prison with some very definite ideas concerning prisons.
The first and greatest of these is that all jails are
wrong and must be abolished. In this, he stands firmly .
in the acknowledged position of the Socialist pa'r tywith the additional strength of his own "ins~de" knowledge of facts.
"The real criminal is an abnormal person," says
McKee. "He is abnormal either through environment,
t hrough having been forced to live in surroundings that
warped and crushed, or through the effects of heredity.
Abnormality leads him to crime. And to effect the cure
of this criminal society takes him by force and plunges
him into a prison, which, no matter how modern, is absolutely abnormaL ..In_ jail the .prisoner is .tr-eated--ab-normally; his surroundings are abnormal. Nothing is
natural. His food is brought tQ him, such as it is. He
has nothing to do; takes no thought for the morrow.
�The Western Comrade
223
No incentive for anything is required. Existence is a
stirred the citizenship outside the bars. During MCKee's
dull routine and the prisoner may look abe¥ for ten
term he passed some of his time in sketching, and the
years, if he be sentenced for so long a term, knowing
product of his pencil adorns many a s_quare on thethat on each of the separate days in all or those years
walls and bars that still surround Kirk who must rethe routine will be exactly the same. He can time
main there unt.il December 1st. The books, some few
e very event in his life for every day of his terni,Jmowing
gay pictures from magaz.ine.s, and t.be art products of
that those things will happen by the clock 'vithout fail
~cKee's pencil dreamings went far to relieve the killduring that entire time. And how ridiculous it is .to ·
ing, maddening blur of whlte.
hope to remove abnormality by thrusting upon the ab- ·
And the solid white does not end with the walls and
normal creature more of abnormality;"
·
bars. It continues down over t.be 1loor, t.bough it blends
1\IcKee does not mean 't hat every man who is ~ut in
'i'nto a gray. But there 'is that solid cement 1loor, always
jail is abnormal. He means, with distinctness of dell-·
.cement; never once 'foot fall· on a bit of turf-always
nilion, the men and women who commit real crimeson · cement, month after ·month.
the acts that an honest societYGvould regard as criminal.
Now sum this up: The solid white walls and bars,
He declares that a thief may be perfectly normal..:....so
all in the most precise geometrical order, every unit
normal that he will not pennit the unjust impositions
just like every other, just so many fractions of 'an inch
of capita islic society to deprive him of the means of
from bar to bar, so many inches between every door;
· sus tai · ~ life, e ve n though prison be the punishment.
. the little oblong · coffins for the food twice each day ;
But the murderer is always an abnormal person.
the interminable portions of mush and stew and bea!JS
:As an example or the effect which
chasing each other in endless arld
1risons and prison appurtenances
uninteresting routine 'in, over the
have upon persons of perfectly norfloor and out; the constant and unWAN T TO DO
WHAT
In a! and healthy character, and
yielding cement underfoot-everywith this still more amply fortified
t.bing exact, no element of choice
BY HARRY M , McKEE
hy the breadth of view that is given
anywhere, no stimulant to the inThe thing constantly on .my mind Is
terest of the prisoner; nothing exto those who understand t he· Sothat Kirk Is stl·ll there-he's in jail. And
cialist philosophy, some of the except the automatic progress of ex1 know what It means to be In jall-locked
up, bolted up, bar,red In, with guards
periences of McKee himself are of
istence as regulated by law and the
walking the steel and cement corridors.
wishes of the sheriff, though, as for
interest. His companion in prison
The constant longing of my soul Is for
the liberty of my comrade. I want to see
describes the feelings of McKee in
Sheriff Fred Jennings neither Mch im free-away from the cell, out here
connection with the food problem.
Kee nor Kirk has anything but
with the rest of us. · ·
And further; I want to see the time
words of kindness, The sheriff Is
The ja il fare is served in tin dishes,
ha& tened when no one w ill have to go to
oblong in shape. much like the tins
a good sheriff, and the jail Is an
jail for the causes that sent us there. My
whole being Is In the nght agai nst that
in which bread is baked in the home
excellent Jail, as a jail-but the jail
thing.
ovEn. The fact that these tins had
is a JAIL and the sheriff is a
I want the t i me to come when no one
will have to go to that kind of a Jail fo~
square corn ers was the bane o'f McSHERIFF!
any kthd cf a crime. I want the time to
Time was, early In the term of
Kee's life in ja il. Th
c ome when jail as we know It shall cease
to be.
·
corners loomed up at •er
the two Socialists, when the winThe only way I know to gain those ends
adding to the repulsiven
dows outside their tank were open.
Is for the working class to stand shoulder
to shoulder, Invincible, at the ballot box,
unsavory contents of stew or beans.
Between the tank and the outside
In the Sociali st party, the political exlf only those corners had not been
world then there were the bars or
press ion of the ,working ctass. To bring
about that d ay Is my single aim.
.
tllere; if the tins had beea round ,
the tank, the heavy screen of the
Workers of the world, that Is YOUR
Harry McKee would have felt far
window and still other bars outside
flpht, as well. And the v i ctory will be
less repugnance toward jail fare.
YOUR victory.
- two sets of bars and t he heavy
Join the party of your classl H\)p to
screen. But the prisoners could see
And if there had been a dish of difhasten the better day, when peace and
ferent size and shape upon occajustice shall hold sway over the world,
outside--they could see the sunwhen the race shall bloom In ·freedom of
shine and a little bit of the great
sion, that would have been relief of
soul and mind and body, when Iniquities
equal magnitude. But always the
shall have fled, when honest thought and
wide world . And that was a wonh.
o
nest
toll
sh
a
ll
be
the
measure
of
th.e
derful privilege to have. But let
same oblong with the hideous
m a nhood and wom an hood of us all!
McKee tell you how closely they
square corners, like a mfniature coffin containing the dead offering of
studied everything about them; how
a deadened social conscience to a
the attention of the man behind the
prisoner whose everY human attribute was supposed to
bars is riveted down to things that never would cross the
have died when he passed behind the bars.
mind of the free person; "We nev-er could look out of
our tank from any point. through those double bars
That is an instance of the abnormal life In jail. To
· the outside onlooker such things may appear trivial,
a nd that heavy screen and see the same object at one
but the · fact .is that the entire life of the prisoner is
time with both eyes!"
But there came a time, when for some reason, the
made up of just those things-there is nothing else!
windows were closed- all except one ·way up in a. top
With Kirk and McKee, of course, there were some
other interests, but the'y were forced in by superior
corner, twenty feet above the 1loor. "When they closed
will power and by virtue,.of the understanding of social
t hose windows it seemed as though a weight had been
let down upon us," said McKee In describing the senproblems which absorbs them. The bars of their "tank"
were utilized as book shelves and here · they gathered a
sation. "It seemed as though half of life had been shut
circulati ng library. Donald Lowrie's "My Life in
away- it was like something pressing hard against the
eyes."
Prison" has gone the rounds of the entire jail. Other
So for weeks there has been no sight of the great
books have followed it through the tanks and cells and
outside, no touch of mother earth, for Kirk and there
papers a rrd leafle ts without number have gone from
Jll'isoner to -prisoner -be!!llllSe -·of- th·e --Intel'est -ur-·urese - ·warnmrefor~cKee-untilnTsrealese -ca:ine. But ------two Socialist prisoners.
The best laid plans of a. lot of people are never fully
carr.ied out and so that statement about never a sight
No two prisoners that this grim dungeon ever held
have exercised such an influe.nce within its walls or so
of the out-of-doors must suffer some slight moniftca-
a
�224
The Western Comrade
"The world has never had a good definition of the word liberty, and the American P eople, just now,
are much in want of one. We declare for liberty; but in using: the same word we do not all mean the
i
same thing. With some the word liberty may mean for each man to do as he pleases with himself,
and the product of his labor; while ~ith others the same word may mean for some men to do as they
please with other men, and the product of other men 's labor. Here are two, not only different, but
incompatible things, called by the same name, liberty. And it follows that each of the things i , by
the respective parties, called by two different and incompatible names-liberty and tyranny.
"The shepherd drives the wolf from the sheep's th~oat , for which the sheep thanks the shepherd a hi
liberator, while the wolf denounces him for th.e same act, as the destrQyer of liberty, especially as the
sherp is a black one. Plainly the sheep and the wolf are not agreed upon a definition of the word
lill!'rty; and p1·cc iscly the same difference prevails today among us human creature , and all profe ing to lo\'c li be rty. "-Harry McKee's favorite quotation from Abraham Lincoln.
tion. That little window away up in the top of the
tank, is th e modification. And when McKee or Kirk
wanted to ge t a wee glimpse of real, honest sun and to
prove again that the world actually WAS still outside,
they climbed up the b.ars, band over hand, like sailors
going up the rigging, and stole a glance out of that real
hi gh-up loop-hole in this adjunct to the ship of state.
It is hard for th e person who never has been locked
within prison walls to get the impressions, the mind
agonies. the awful feeling of restriction that bears down
upon the mentally alert, fast-thinking man who is sud de nl y grasped away from life's ambitions. from family
and liberty and thrust behind bars and bolts and walls
and screens whe re it is prison, with PRISON stamped
in eve ry inch of the s uiToundings, with PRISON drilled
into eve ry waking hour and eve ry fitful dream! It is
hard to u.ndersta nd that sensation. But I am try ing to
carry it to you as you wou ld get it if you could stand
close to Harry McKee or Earnest Kirk and look into
their eyes as they talk !
The point he re is not that Kirk and McKee are to
be commiserated with. or pitied or anything of that
sort. No, th e poin t that they make in every consideration of the question is not made from their personal
\•ie wpoint. but from the viewpoint of society-the great est good for the common people eve rywhe re. Jails don't
make the world better! That's th eir argument. Just
one person attempted to commiserate with Kirk and
McKee du ring the, time McKee was incarcerated. H e
happened to be a visit ing minis ter. "I'm so sorry,"
be began. And he got no fu rther.
. "How do you kn ow you're sorr y? How do you know
you ought to be sorry? How do you know you oughtn't
to be glad?" came the questions rioting after each other
from the tense lips of McKee. And the minister of
the gospel left that tank with an apology and the conclusion 'that being sorry wasn't just the right thing in
some cases. Being proud mig ht better serve the purpose!
No, the point is not that they are to be commise r ated
with at all. The point is not so much concerned with
them individually as it is with society collectively.
That has been the point throughout. They wen t to jail
as a service for humanity, because of devotion to a
principle. Their personal sacrifice was for all of their
fellows. Had it been merely a personal matter neither
Kirk nor McKee would have gone to jail. Both are
frank a nd · vehement in their dis!ilnl of jails- but bot h
are staunch and unre lenting in their determination to
stand by their principles, even though the cost be prison.
And so, some three months ago these two comrades
marched d'own to the .jail doors and passed inside, to
suffer "reformation" for the high crime of asserting their
right to freely speak their thoughts on the streets of
San Diego. But they went to jail in triumph, knowl,ng,
as only Socialists could know. that their cause mlust
win in the end and that their sacrifice · would hasten
the final victory. They knew that their sacrifice was a
service--and so they went gladly.
McKee came out of jail on Friday, September 12, at
noon, · pardoned by Governcr Hiram Johnson, sixty-eight
hours before his term would have expired. The pardon
was recognized beforehand as a possibility, but not as
a probabili ty and its a rri val at that late hour was a
surprise indeed to most.
McKee is a more powerful man t han ever. The
fire burns more fiercely within him. He feels more
keenly the wrongs of an unjust system. He is more
fi r mly determined than ever, if that is possible, to do
his whole part in winning for the right. His voice will
be a guide and a shining light to thousands who would
never have come within his reach had not an arrogant
plutocracy sought to punish him for e ncroaching on its
ill-gotten presen-es. Capitalism resorts to diverse tricks
its ends to gain-and pretty generally, when those tricks
are played on class conscious members of the working
class, it loses ignominiously!
It has lost this time. Harry McKee is the victor ;
the Socia list cause is the gai ner.
And three months hence when Kirk steps from tlH'
big wh ite .,door there will be a new victor and we shall
count fresh gains!
Fo1· of such are the fortunes of the capitalist war
upon the e nemies of pl ~acy-and of such are th€'
fo rt unes of the war of U
·orkers upon those who sit
idl y upon their shoulders, sapping the product of their
toil in parasitic fash ion.
The victory, in the end, is with the just!
A DREAM CHILD
By DAYID FUL TO
KARSNER .
A child went forth I nto the world dream i ng of love.
Truth, w isdom, joy a nd h ope were woven by It Into a clot h
of fellowsh i p.
It knew the meaning of aerial elements and the demons un ·
der the sea :
It made songs to weeds by the roadside a nd to lilies In th e
pond :
,
It made songs to libertines and harlots and to the fa i thfu l
and p ure :
·
For this child dreamed of un ity, chanting to everybody, cele·
bra t i ng e verything, om i tting nothing but nothing ness.
Its ·pilgri m ages led It to the remote corners of th e earth and
to densely populated ci tie s.
Th is child Is a dream child who visi ts me n i ghtly, takes me
by the hand and leads me to places and people of whom
I pai nt mental p ictures In my bri ef day dreams.
�The Western Com r ade
225
The lmpe.ac.hment of Sulzer
By William Morris Fei.genbaum
Tl
--====~
HE impeachment of Governor William
Sulzer of New York is an illustration ·of
the foulness and the rottenness of capi'
=·:talist politics; it is a sample of the raw
work that is "pulle d. off" every day. in
the year; it is a laboratory demonstra.
tion of the workings out of the fake and
the fraud that goes under til.e alias of
~ '" ' "Democracy" nowadays. It is the final
argum e nt for the placing of the government in th e hands of the working class.
The manne r of it is thl!s: For years "Bill" Sulzer
has lJeen the prize joke in New York politics. Elected
to Congress -~t '32, the e lection was altogether without
s ignificance, as he came from the congested East Side
" ·here a yellow dog on a Tammany ticket could ea s ily ·
he e lected; wh e re, indeed, last November, a violently
in sane man. Timothy D. Sullivan, was chosen over
.Joshua Wanhope, th e.u rilliant writer for The Call. Tamman y does not care whom it sends to Congress. During th e fourteen lea n, hungry, officeless years of 1 896 1910. th e unterrifie d Democracy of Ne w York cared more
ro r the s hri evialty of New York co unty, with its· vast
pntronage, than it did for the New York congressional
tll•legation. So it is that little none ntities, like Daniel
.I. Riurcl e n. little pe tty politi cia ns like Sulze r, ignoramuses like He nry 1\'1. Goldfogle, go to Congr ess from the
impe rial me tropolis. And th e re they become totally for)!;otten. That is wh y the whol e lot of th em, led by John
.1. l·'itzge rald of Brooklyn, voted for the infamous RepulJlica n gag rul es in 1909, in return for wh ich favor
the Re puhli c:ans put up a s traw man for Mayor in New
York to 1Je knocked dow n by William J. Gaynor.
Tammany !ires on several things . but it ge ts its
s lt]Jport from th e people by g ifts or promises of jobs, and
· hy protection to its he nchm en. It is not generally
know n, but one out of every thirty of the vast popula1 ion of Ne w York City is on the public payroll.
Not
a ll of th ese hordes of civil servants are protected by
c· i1·il service rules, and th e registrars aud s:Jrrogates and
s he riiTs in the five counties constituting New York City,
a nd t he ir s ubordi nates numbering thousands, all with
SIHJ1le n salaries, are the officers and the rank and file
of Tammany.
Tammany wants access to th e public till, so they get
hosts of men to work for the victory of Tammany candidates; they get slimy cadets and gunmen to repeat at
elections, to drive away opposing voters, to colonize, and
to stuff the lJallot boxes. And in return, Tammany rell'ards some with jobs, promise.s others future jobs, protects the business of the cadet (for a perce ntage of the
receipts ) and protects tb e gangmen, th e gunm en and the
murde re rs, who are rarely punishe d for their activities.
This is Tammany, and this is her philosophy: You
scratch my back, and I'll scratch yours; you give me the
fa t contracts for city \vork, and I'll pay you we ll. You
ean commit any crime, but one-doil't go back on the
gang, don't peach; because if you do, you might jus t as
well go to a notary with your last will and testament.
And because the re's no pabulum or pap in the Congressional delegation, Tammany never cared whom it
sent to Washington, ne:ver cared about the national party
of which it was an integral part, never cared for one
moment for the issues that animated the nation. "This
here Wilson, we don't know who he is, but he's on the
T
ticket with our Bill Seltzer and ·o ur Tim Sullivan, so he
must be all right. So ·vote for him," said an orator.
And they did. . The electric sign that bla,zed against the
a utumn sky was "Wilson and Sulzer." Read that. Study
it. Mispronounce _it, as all New York did. Then judge
of the psychology of the people who thought politically
in terms of whisky.
So Bill Sulzer was tolerated for eighteen years in
Congr ess. He was a strutting peacock, the funniest joke
in Washington. He affected the pose o'f the professional
"friend of the 'peepul'." H e cultivated a disordered lock
of hair; he wore a string tie; he let everybody know
that he wanted to be the latter-day Henry Clay. / He
was much like Clay in one respect. As the story that
n ewspaper m en in Washington still tell bas it, when the
barber told Bill that he r esembled Clay, Bill puffed up
and asked, "Is it muh brow?" And the barber said, "No,
sah; it's yo' bref!"
In \Vas hington, Sulze r was m erely funny, but he was
sh rewd. H e knows his district. Made up, as it is,
largely of newly-arrived immig rants: J ews, Italians.
Hungarians, Germans, Bohemians, Slovaks-the most
polyglot distri ct in the world, the modern Babylon-he
kne w his ground. His extravagant speeches about his
friendship for every body, "Eve rybody is my friend!"
"went" on Second avenue. His speeches were models
for burlesques of politicians on the s tage. And so, when
fina ll y Taftian stu pidity Jed th e Democrats out of the
age -ldng wilderness of joblessness and into the bright
su nshine of control of the House, Sulzer's sixteen years
of more or less service to the pe ople in Washington was
rewarded by the chairmanship of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, a r eward for seniori ty in service and for
nothing e lse.
He used his position to e nrich himself in the rich
Central Ame rican pie. His e xtravagant speeches in
favor of President Estra da of Guatemala astonished
th ose who wondered what he knew about a country so
far from. Second avenue, but those that know dollar
diplomacy, those that und erstand the fien dishly farr eachin g "concessions" those Central Ame rican tyrants
are wont to grant in return for American protection,
were not astonis hed at those pranks of "poor, but hones t " Bill Sulzer.
The a brogation of the treaty with Russia is his prize
stunt. The million .Jews in New York read his speeches
in t he Congressional Record, but th e million J ews. not
under standing Congress, or Con~essional procedure, or
th e funGt ions of gove rnm e nt, do not know that the whole
thing was the most monume ntal, the cheapest, the most
insolent fraud th a t was ever pulled off. But it made
Bill governor!
Bill announced that he was governor, not Charlie
Murphy or any other boss of Tammany. And he proved
it, too. H e appointed as chairman of the Public Service
Commission Edward E. McCall, tarred with tbe stick
of Equitable rottenness, put him where he could loot the
city for the benefit of Tammany. No. McCall is no
crook. But he worked for the gentry who are looting
the city in the gigantic $300,000,000 sutiway construction.
To fi ght th e boss- in the newspape rs- is the game.
To take orders in public would queer you with the people. So Sulzer stridently announced that he was bossand privately did Tammany's bidding, untllUntil Char le!; I''. Murphy gently intimated that it
�The Western Comrade
226
would not much distress him if one James E. Gaffney
were appointed highway commissioner. Sulzer gasped.
It was a trifle too raw. Gaffne y is Murphy's partne r in
th e contracting busines s, and ·that job would, give tb~
firm $50. 000,000 worth of s tate contracts. If Sulzer bad
appointed Gaffney, be would have to prepare himself
for re tire ment from active life on January 1, 1915. So
be didn't, and he 'll have ' to retire a bit earlier.
Certainly, Sulze r is guilty of what is charged against
him. But, a s Mr. Dooley said, h e's guilty of murde r,
arson, grand and petit larceny, and going back on the
ga ng. So th e legis la ture that includes some of the
blackest politicians in Ame rica, th e legislature that exone ra ted Se nator Still we ll of bribery, said Senator now
be ing in pris on s tripes in Sing Sin.g, that legislature
impea ched Sulze r. And the lead er
th e proceedings
a cting unde r Murphy's orde rs , lVIurphy who sat ·with his
of
QUEER
r~=========~AGAN was a genius with th e s upe rna l
artis try of line that limns the windowpane o' frosty nights woven into the
fibe r of his be ing. As a small boy in an
~
~
ol.Jsc urc middle -western tow n , th e trac ery of th e naked trees on a sombre
~
antnmn sk y a wake ne d t he indescribable
/.l'r
dream that fo re ve r after fi iiC'd his years.
Time clarified lhe vis ion a bit and goade d him to th e city .
At tw e nty-thrrl'. !o1·e fount! hi m a n
e ng r:n c r. The g irl was an art stud e n t who a lso har bored a dream . So!'il'ty dot•s not like dreams , not, at
l e a ~ t . nut.il th e dream t?r dil'S ant! th e d ream Ji1·es on, so
twe iPty put l.Joth t!H ir foolis h noses to t he bras ive " ·heel
o f ll <'<'Pss ity. Th C' g irl 's dreatn a t !.Jest was rath t? r blood !t?HH. so it di ed from inatt <• ution . a nd t he we al th of her
affpc tiuu a nd fa ith ga1·C' add ed ln ~te r and stre ng th to
th e inau's.
Long s int'P, he had found his fo rt e . a nd th e sec re t
son! o f his dream, to be e tching: bu t sudety 5tupidly
lus is ted that It was So-and -so's , lung dead, and Such -aone 's, a howling me dioc rity with topas- tin ted whis ke rs
aud a "s tudi o." " ·hose e t <' hings we re pa rti cula rly desimblc. I-I is <lr<'alll dill not fad e at this fi at. or 111 the
lean, ~ tru gg ling ypan; that follow e d; hu t the color in
th n c ht•eks of th e one pe rson who m he loved, s lowly
di d.
He Raid she was g oing to hav e prope r me di cal at te utiun and a cllmat.C' to <'Ounte rac t t he e nnoa ching
malnd,v. Ce rtuiu suav e ge ntle men who ha d slyly compllme uted him on his cle ve rness ns an e ngrave r we re
~:;oon In possession of the plea sant information that
· sudde n and s wift repulse would not be their portion
a gain s hould the y cure to reopen negotiations.
Cnrtnin othe r urban e nnd forceful gentlemen. some
weeks Int er, int e nuptcd him in the a c t of putting the
finishing touch es to th c . last of a se ri es of plate s that
we re to bring him a sum s utlicie n t to re trie ve his wife's
health, 01· ease her remaining day s in a s unnie r ciime.
Sode ty, duly and snug ly horrifie d nt his de pral'ity.
thlwe upon rus t. him into a dungeon. Hi s wife quickly
and eonve niently died. In point of fa ct, e verything o f
any moment conce miug him die d but his dream , and
n hul e fu l hatred of soc!e ty, .ns a re cord or his subseque nt
lallorH In th o Held of c riminal art would bear witnes s.
F
*
* *
ear and his lips to a telephone for long h ours while the
dirty work was being pulled off. Aaron J . Levy is rewarded by betng made a judge.
That's your Tammany in all its h ideousness , cruel,
relentless to its enemies, greedy, m urde rous, the epitome
of capitalism·. It's a picture of capitatU:.m e nthroned in
·politics, holding otit "good" m en like S ulzer, m en who
are . not shown up until they go back on the gang. Its
solE~ excuse for existence is t he r eluctance of the working class to take hold the mselves. It isn't li'Iu r phy or
Le:vy . • It isn't Penrose or Flinn. It is n't Hinky Dink
and Lorimer. It is capitalism e xpresse d in te rms of
municipal poli tics . Republican or Democrat, it worr ies
them not.' ".T here's no politics in polit-ics."
And this will last until t he working class runs the
cities for the ir own class interest s, until the rank and
file wiii tlisregard loot and look to class welfare.
By
J
A. F. GANNON
:!\[a rden could be categorized a s a genius also-ii
t \\:o plus two is e xqu isi te ly poe ti.cal to one's sou l. or if
one th fn ks t he mul tiplication tab le bears a fami ly re semblance to t he d il·ine a fflatus. In ea rly man hood,
while his com patriots " ·ere at one anot her's i.hroats
o1·er what they sup))(Jsed to be an ethical questio n. he
ma naged to get possession of a la rge quantit y of but
rece n tly discarded and dangerous ly inadequate firearms
a nd resell them in the e xcitement to one body of the
i.Jelligeren ts. T his wondrous feat dispelled a ll nstige oi
doubt as tp :\!arden·:; fina ncial status fro m t he calm.
judicious mind s of th e r emaining (at home) patriots.
an d from t heir patent ad m iration :\[arden's dream of
dom ina nce e 1·ohed.
At fi rst he though t in thousands of dolla rs. later in
millions. but finally, when the t win dev ils of Powe r aJ;d
P ro fi t had gained complete mastery over this scarred
sal.Jot ier and rifler of socie ty, he could cogitate only in
hundreds of mi llions. It was du r ing th is period of his
carel'r that he conceived and e xecutEd a coup. beside
wh ich Faga n 's act. fot· which society ·sa1·agely sque lcheJ
h im, pales info absolute and utter insignificance. ::llld
e 1·en all h is own formt>r financia l rapine seEms to be
as free of duplicity as the monetar y matters of a Hapt i:;t l.Jarbacue.
By s urreptitidn~l y a cquiring or gaining eon trol of
t he known or con jectured iron -ore bodies oi th e country. an d t he :>tragetically situated ruannfacturing plans.
tra nsporta tion faci lities a n d fue l depo:>its. consen·atil·ely valued at fi ve hundred m illions of dollars. and capitalizing the coalition at fi fteen hud'8red millions. he
calmly utt l'l'f"d. in ellect. cou n terfei t money to the
a mount o f TE:-; Hl':'WR ED MILLJO :-;S! Did society in s tantly incarcerate him an d con fiscate t he "que.er''?
l\'ot so it was v isible to the naked intelligence. Society
fatuous ly fawn ed upo n bim. gave him t we n ty million ~
In r eal ye llo w coin for his ::cut" for the ''Napoleonic
s troke " and nearly broke its collective neck in th e
scuffl e to pay hard cash fo r P aper, the va lue of which
la y in th e bone and sine w of u nborn workers.
The reafte r. K ings of the blood made .obeb;ance to
:\!arde n and sought his coumel.
That he li n•ll. tht' great mass toils deepH and is no ~
spiritua lly quicke ned. and it was fitting t hat he should
pas s in the lanl,l whe re Christianity 's anasthetization
occutTt•d ce ntu ries a go.
�The Western Comrade
The Socialist,
. Movement
.
in California
By
STANLEY
In th is article Stanley B. Wilson begins the story ·of the condition of th.~ California Sociali t movement as he has fo und it in a tour of the state lasting :about three month s: In suc·c eeding chapters
ComraJe Wilson will go more fully into the matter of facts and cobclusions. This series promi es to be
of incst ima hl0 Yalue to the California monment.
LOVE you , Cali fornia! One who bas not
caught th e seutiment n eeds only to get
a cquainted with the fair Mi ss of the
Pacific to become a devout e nthus iast.
'\\"hile the purpose of. my tour of California was not to generate sentiment, I
must admit that the last fe w months'
tra1·eJ o1·er th e Golde n State bas made
me a more e uthusias tic de 1·otee of Cali fornia.
In a recent arti cle in the California
Social - De mocrat I e nd ea1·ored to s how the great dis parity !Je t ween th e Sociali st Party and the Socialist
mo1·eme nt in this s tate, and that th e cause of it is the
lack of an " int ellige nt, con ce rt ed and consistent" effort
in th e way of organization.
Si nce th at art icle appeared, I have been covering
t ha t po rtion of our g reat Pacific commonwealth which
lies north of San Francisco and will in this and succee d in ~; arti cles in Th e ~·estern co'm rade .g i.ve a de~cri ption of th e trip.
·
Some m onth s ago, Grand ·vice Cha ncellor K . A.
:\!i lle r, of th e !~n ig ht s of Pytbin s of California, urge d
me to a <'eumpan~: him on an auto trip o1·er his district
to ass is t him in teaching th e lessons of th e order and in
bui lding up th e lodges. I inform ed him that I bad
a lready arranged a lect ure tour o1·er .th e same regions
and fearl'd he wou ld object to my mixing Socialism and
l'ythian ism. H e informed me, ho1ye ve r, t hat he didn't
car<' what I talked about in my lectures so long as I
co r~tin e d m~· Socialist t ea chin gs to my own meetings.
I join etl the jlartr. consis t ing of Col. Mille r, Capt. H.
\\'. Broughton and B. C. Thompson, at San Francisco.
Besid es be ing. a K . P. grand lodge office r, Col. Miller
is a n attorn ey of Los Angeles. Capt. Broaghton is a
membe r of the Los Ange les Paint and 'Vall Paper company. Mr. Thompson is a court r eporter in the Super ior
court of Los Ange les county. Monday afternoon. August
25, we le ft the F e rry building on the Sausali to boat.
Aniving at Pe taluma. I found t hat the comrades b~td not
recei\·ed notice of my coming. Howe 1·er. tbey hustled
a round a nd secured a hall, and did their best to adve r tise the lecture . with th e result that we had au audie nce
of a!Jou1 100. At the conclusion of t he lecture I hurried
o1·er to th e K. P. ball, whe re I de lil·ered an address. .
!\pxt morning we rode around P e taluma and visited
several of th e famous ch icke n farm s. " ' e learned many
int erest ing thin gs about chicke ns. one of wh ich was that
the chicken that bus the fin est feathers is generally the
poo r st lay r. "ln t.hi~ ~:esp.c.c.t,' ' ..l'emat:ketl our- in---fo rmant, "chi ck ens are like fo lks."
·
\\' e vis ited a ma mmoth hatchery, and in one room
were introdu cE>d to SOtll) youn"' c hicks, fresh from U~e
shell. Frequently t hese young · chicks are shipped as
far away as B'ritisb Columbia and Mexico in crates.
They are shipped fresh from the shell an d do not require
any. food until th ey reach their destination.
s ·a rita Rosa comrades bad not made any arrangements
for a lecture, on 'a ccount of insufficient time for advertising.
·
Between Santa Rosa and Ukiah, we stopped at the
Swiss-ltal!an wine co1ony and were shown through the
great wine houses. A very interesting feature of our
visit was the inspection of .the building where they
manufacture champagne. '\\'e saw millions of bottles of
this costly a nd effective beverage, and were astounded
t o learn that ·there are champagne manufactories in
France that produce more than twenty times as much
as this one. Cond.itious at U kiah and Willets were the
same as at Santa Rosa . .
From Ukiah we ra n up to Blue Lake, a beautiful
r esort. The lake is one of the most charming in all the
world. Th ~ water has th~ appearance of being perfectly
blue. \\'e had a r efreshing swim. The comrades in this
vicinity have been asking for speakers. Just beyond
Blue Lake. at Clear Lake, is au immense string bean
cannery and we me t scores of wagons and auto trucks
laden with its products.
Our next point was Garben·ille, and we were told
that ·it would be im possible for us to cover the distance
from Wille ts i n one day. "-'e did, but it was a day of
thrills. Some of th e grades we climbed se.e med impossible for an auto. Mile after mi le we ! sceuded and mile
after mile we df>scentled. In some places all except the
dril·er were com pelled to wil!k. When we reached
Garbenille and got our machine inside the garage door
it stopped of its own accord, and we found that the
last drop of gasoiine was exhausted. Garberville is at
the bottom of a deep valley on the bank of the south
fork of E el ril"e r.
,.
H e re we we re treated to a trout dinner. One of the
boys of the K . P. lodge had spent the day fishing and to
his piscatorial prowess was due 'our delightful repast.
There was no lecture scheduled for this place, b!lt
the lodge he ld an open meeting which was large ly attended. At midnight a banquet was held at the hotel.
Our next objective point was Scotia. Our route lay
along the r iver. "'e pa ssed through one of the greatest
apple, pear and peach sections of the state. We found
the river banks dotted with the tents of deer hunters
and saw much spoils of the chase. Here we entered the·
mighty red wood forests and paJd our respects in won- ·
derm e.nt.-and-..delig-h t--t G- t-he- -mam-moth- mona-rchs-; -some -of whic h we re so large at the base as to completely
hide our car.
Four miles from Dyenille, the · end o! the railroad
�228
The Western Comrade
from the coast, we broke a vital part of the auto, and
Col. Mlller and I started afoot for the railroad, leaving
the others with the machine.
We reached the railroad in time for the 5:30 train
and at 6:30 were in Scotia. There is no Socialist locat
in Scotia and there is no better place for one. Hundreds
of men are employed in the mills- there and in the woods
surrounding. Union organizers are at work trying to
get the men together, but they meet with almost insurmountable opposition. They are obliged to get among
the workers !Jy all manner of subterfuge and woe betide
them when they are found out.
Here is the condition of affairs where Socialist liter:
ature is especially ·effective. The bosses may be able
to throw out individuals, but a piece of literature is a
treasure to isolated men, and the pPinters' type is too
el usive for the boss to eliminate.
In Scotia I s poke to a la rge nun'!.ber of men in an
own meeting of the K. P. lodge. .Scotia is a strictly
comfJany town. The company ow u s eve rything. vVe did
not reach th e dining room of the hotel unti l about 7:33.
It doseti at 7:30 and we were compelled to employ the
utmoti t diploma cy to get anything to eat. \Ve we re told
later th at no oth e r hote l is allowed in the town. The
company owns all th e stores and houses. If a man
wants to uring his family th ere he must s ign a lease
that he will not r e nt any of his house or take any boarders. In fac t, t he company dictates about eve rything th e
family is pe rmitted to do. Old King Geo rge was not
more hea rtily hated by th e colonis ts than the company
is hated by all of its employes. Talk about soil for the
seeds of Socialism!
Com rade Jose ph Bred steen, of Eu reka, tele phoned
me that th e Finnish co mrades of his city would hold a
pic nic at Ca nyon Park, four miles from Scotia, the fol low ing day (Sunday) and wanted me to address them.
Canyon Park is the most beautiful park I have ever seen .
It is ju s t as nature made it, except for walks and build ings. It is owned by a Socialist comrade, and has been
th e scene of so me great Socialist gatherings. A Socialist camp meeting in this magnificent park, with several
of ou1· leawlng speake rs and workers, would be an undertaking productive of g1·eat r esults.
Monday I spoke at the Labor - Day exe rcises at
Sequoia park, Eureka. Managing Editor Irvine of The
Times, a Eureka daily, was orator of the day. His
speech was eloquent and full of compliments and advice
to th e workers. I was given ten to fifteen minutes
following him, but the audience would not permit me
to s top.
Monday evening our auto party went to Portuna,
whe re I lectured to more than 200 and then we nt over
to the lodge hall, where I addressed a K. P. open meeting, which was followed by a banquet, at which I again
spoke.
The Ferndale meeting the fo llowing evening did not
mate rialize. Messrs. Thompson and Broughton drove
me over in the machine .from Eureka. whe re 1 was to
address the Knights the same night. At 8:30 there
were only about a dozen people present to hear the lecture, so I announced that there wou ld be no lecture.
Returning to Eureka at once, I made two addresses befOI:e midnight. Our ride that nigilt was made ·in a
heavy rain.
,
Our stay in E ureka was exceedingly enjoyable. It
is one of the gem cities of California for climate and
natural advantages. But it is a gem owned by the
most selfish kind of exploiters.
I n~deed', exploitaflonh ants mosCaciife stage- Til -th is
lavish ly endowed locality. Corpoi·ations own a ll the
land and timber, which they secured for next to nothing.
i
In their mills they are cutting the timb.e r into lum'ber
by the hand of labor reduced to a shamefully low. stand- - ard of wages.
Then the land, stripped of ·the timber,
is held at a price far above what they paid for it before
it 'was despoiled of its wealth of timber. And all this
is permitted in the United States of America, in this
ye.ar of qur Lord, 1913!
.
There was a fine, healthy young. Socialist local in
Eur.eka: unti~ · it began to be a menace . to the exploiting
interests. Then some sinister hand sowed seeds of dissentloft which propagate too' easily in this active movement . of ou.fs: As .a result, the local is split and is no
ionger' the menace ·it once was to t he wil y exploiters.
With the ot hers o'f our party I visited the studio of
the famous painter o'f forest scenes, C. T. Wilson, the
product;:;·'of whose brush have gone all ov·er the world.
Mr. Wilson paints,all of his pictures from nature, spending months at a time in the great fores ts. Our enthusiastic expressions of admiration of his art moved th e
artist. Whe n one of our party asked about the financial
r esu lts of his work. Mr. Wilson said that he did not
include. the financial in his compu tation of art. ln tone's
. thrilling ' ·ith feeling he told of how he bad s truggled
to pe rfect 1Ii111self in his art, and declared as a climax:
"I wish I we re a ble to place one of t hese pictures in
every home in the world. I would rather do that than
have a ll th e money in the world." I was glad to know
myself part of a moremen t dedi cated to th e placing of
the best in all the arts and industries and inventions in
all the homes of the world.
For the lecture in Eureka the hall was filled to the
doors. Tl~e auto was waiting at the close to take me
to Arcata, whe re I addressed the Knights of Pythias.
\Vh en we were r ead y to leave Arcata for Crescent City
next morning, ·we found one of our front springs broken
and we r eturned tcr Eureka to have it r e paired. The
distance from Eureka to Crescent City is 110 miles. It
was noon before we got stai"ted, and it was raining. The
roads became s lippe ry · and dangerous. We bad tire
trouble a-plenty. Reaching Orick, ~he half way place,
at 6 o'clock in th e e vening, we spent t he night.
We were adrised not to attempt the r emainder of
the road to Crescent City until it had dried, but we
were scheduled there that ni ght. It was a ride never
to be forgotten . The road lies close to the ocean most
of the way and in plaCliS wind. along bluffs hundreds or
feet above the beach and is so narrow at best that the
outside wheels are only a few inches from the precipice,
while the re are turns so sharp that it r eq uires considerable maneuvering to get around. Then we would wind
back into the forests, where th e dense foliage prevented
the sun's rays from reaching. The roads were so sort
that corduroy was necessary.
About 4 o'clock we came in sight of Crescent City
as we wound down a steep grade at t he foot "()f which
we found a delegation of citizens headed by Judge John
L. Childs, waiting .to escort us into the city. The sheriff of Del Norte county was one of' the delegation. The
last four miles lay along the smooth sands of the beach.
Judge Childs informed me that sotne of the Socialists
.wanted to postpone my lecture until the following evening and that it was the general wish, as all were eager
to attend both meetings. It was so arranged.
There is no local at Crescent City, but the re are a
few Socialists who are of the red -blooded type. !hey
secured the opera house, got out dodgers. and boo.sted
the lecture vigorously.
~- -Tt\ vas one ofthe -inost uniq-ue meetings in the history of Socialist propaganda. Judge Childs, who is th e
whole judicial authority of Del Norte county, presided.
�The Western Comr;ade
He announced that he had never known himself to be a
Socialist, but he realized the educational and moral
value of the lecture, and called to the platform ~everal
of the officials and business arrd professional men present. Col. Miller, Capt. Broughton and . Mr. Thompson
a lso took seats on the platform.
Wbile at Cres~ent City we were taken over to Smith
Valley on a fishing trip .. Another of the guests was a
Catholic priest who had re.cently come to the community. He was one of the jolliest of ·the party. We
got along like""two school chums.
Think of it, Socialist comrades, not a single Socialist
local in Del Norte county! It is not a populous county,
. but almost the entire population is of the producing
.class. Is it not an ·ideal field for Socialist organization?
(To be continued.)
/
THE TURNPIKE
By Marion Louise Israel
--=~~~~ T
WAS autumn. The labor o"f summer accomplished, the promise of
spring fulfilled, it seemed as .if tqe weary ear th had drawn a long breath
.
of relief as she suspended for a time her never-ceasing routin e. The
li ttle old town bathed in a golden haze .slept peacefully. Old men and
.
women who had traveled its narrow, straggling streets from childhood
walked to and fro under the leafless tx:e~s. with a'D. air of placid conte nt.
One wa lked those streets. in the yellow October sunshine, to whom
the peace and stillness were a torture, one who had come back for a
brief time from feeling the pulse of the world, and to him the placid
little tow.n with its contented men and women see med dead.
Away to the south stretched the road to the city. Orer bro"!vn hills ides. through patches of leafl ess woodland, past exquisite li ttle lakes, mirroring the
parti-colored leaves on th eir banks in a blur of scarlet and russet and gold, the road
Jed up from the sleepy. bygone little town, to the thrpbbing, teem ing city.
Out beyond the edge of th e town , out beyond the last snug farmhouse. with its
garnered winter stores, up the long, une ren road, strode tbe returned traveler. His
head throbbed and his heart burned within him-for he had watched long with a diseased humanity, u ntil its fever burned in his veins.
As be wandered along the old highway in the autum n afternoon, he saw on every
hand th e sig ns of d en1 ~· and death- th e windrows of fallen leares by the· roadside, the
leafless trees, the dry rustling corns talks in the fields. Thus the landscape minister ed
to his mood. It seemed to him as if he were Jiving in the very autumn of huma n existence. The old r oad, which so many feet had traveled on the way up from th e ·Jittle
to,rn to the great city, was as the road of life; the dead leaves under his feet·. the
decayed customs. the worn -out Jaws, the futile efforts at ref,prm, which strew the path
of progress; with here and t here a crim son-hued maple leaf, like a splotch of blood
shed by. the way. A little whi le. and then would come the fi erce autumn gales, which
a rotte n civilization could n ever withstand- and after that a deal, cold world, under t he
mantle of et e rnal w1nte r.
The n from over t he yellow fi elds, d~wn from the tende r sky, th ere see med to come
a mystic presence, and walk with him on the road. .And she seemed to s peak to his
troubled spirit saying, ··o wayfarer, this road that you travel is indeed the symbol of
the long, long road of life, an<i that quiet town you have left behind is the City of the
Dead Past. These dry leaves that strew the road, they are as you say, the custows.
the institutions and the systems that have fallen into dis use forev er."
"Failures !" he exclaimed bitterly.
"Nay," answered the radiant spirit, "a falle n leaf. is not the sign of failure, but of
work accomplished. The road is indeed strewn with fall en leaves. and marked by
deserted houses, which may never again shelter humanity, but this is but the passing
of the old to make way for the coming of the ne w. This wayside shall once more be
bordered with blossoms, and these woods and fields shall again be clothed in green.
As spring cl1mes after autumn, so shall a new civilization flower among men. As
surely as this road leads up from a little old town in its decay to a city that teems
with life, and that holds the hopes of men, so leads that longer road of human progress
to a City of Mankind, where the common life is beautified by just relationships, where
th e spirit of service reigns, and where labor is sweetened with song."
I
229
�230
The
_The Un
rground War
By J. L :
P.!!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I AMES
KEIR HARDIE, vete-ran coal miner
the mountain ranges· and the hills where coal is found
and Socialist, stood aghast in the streets
and miners;are held in subjection. The time when these
of Dublin, Ireland . only the other day
two states must fall into the hands of the United Mine
and asked the workers of the British
Workers is ·numbered in months
Isles, "Is this America?"
Then· wili follow immediate!~ the Western FederaHe had reference to the manner in
tion to organize the metal miners, for in Alabama and
which the mailed fist of the law was
Tennessee, coal and 'iron go hand in hand.
being used against tl;le street car strik. To t~,e southwest of the "central competitive field"
ers in Dublin in beha1f of the exploiters.
are the ·coal producing states of Missouri, .Kansas, OklaHardi e has been in_ the United States
homa and 'Fexas~ There are some coal miners in all of
several times . He Knows of the bitter
these states and -when they are referred to in the counstn,Jggle l>etween capital -and labm· in the nation to
cils of the mine workers they are known as "the southwit ich the Britisber refers a!? "The States." He recogwestern states."
nlzes t yranny when he sees it.
Job!). H. Walker, formerly president of the Illinois
Yet the American worke1· seems to thrive on his
miners, bas just returned from this field and announces
"Sibe rias" and "Little Ru ~sias." For out of the anarchy
new ·vic'tories. The W estern F ederation has just tritbat th e blood smear ed hand of capitalis m has made of
umphed in .the lead mines of Missouri.
Jaw and order th e re has risen r esplendent the greatest
Going westwards we find the coal miners organized
labor organization th e \\'Orld has ever known.
in Wyoming. and .Montana. The frontier is down in ColI refer to the dual alliance between tlw United Mine
oraclo, New Mexico and Utah. What West Virginia is to
Workers of America and the Western Federation of
the East, -Colorado is to the West.
Miners in the mining department of the American FedIt is in these same mountains that the Western Federation of Labor. In carrying the torch of civilization
eration plans patiently for bigger victQries. While it is
upward and onward among the workers of the world
strong in Montana and Arizona, there is much to fight
these two organizations are as one. They have cementfor in Colorado, Utah and Nevada.
ed fiv e hundred thousand toiling men into a real "one
On the Pacific Coast the _-coal miners have strength
big union" and declared a peaceful. edu cat)onal war for
in Washington while they are giving the coal barons the
the unionization of the remaining half million men who
battle of their live:; in Vancouver Island, the rich coal
toil "in and around the mines," coal and metal, in the
producing section of British Columbia. The Western ·
United States.
Federation is fighting bravely in Alaska where the coal
This war of th e workers underground is a wonderminers will follow just as soon as the fuel mines are
fu l thing. It is the enlightenment of the future conopened up to any considerable degree.
quering the darkness of the past. No bigger struggle
In the Great Lakes region the · Western Federation
for humanity's rights was ever declared. Justice never
is now waging bitter war for. mastery on the Michigan
before put as much in the balance. copper range, to be follow ed by a campaign for the capThe bituminous' coal miners are s upreme in the states
ture of the Michigan and Minnesota iron ranges. In
of· Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and in Western Pennsylvania.
the far east the coal miners hope for the recapture of
It is the nucleus of th e strength of the U nited Mine
Nova Scotia, Canada. which was lost to them a few
Workers. When the mine worker parleys with mine
years ago. The anthracite fields of Pen nsylvania during
owner th ese states include 'what is known as the
t he past year have been almost solidly unionized.
"central competitive fi eld."
There is one other section of this North American
The wages, hours and conditions of labor in these
continent. But it has not been forgott en. Th e miners
four s tates are the bas is for negotiations in other states.
have their thumb on 1\'lexico, t oo, and when the right
What the Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and Western Pennsyltime comes cal)italism must go_
vania bituminous miners have won the soft coal miners
Shortly afte r Diaz had beE'n shaken from his Mexican
of the other states of the nation are out to win and
throne and Madero had been placed there in his stead
the battle be.g ins.
th er e appeared in Mexico City three strangers. They
sought an interview with the ne w president of the MexNo civil war , general on the northern side ever
scannecl the map of the "Solid South" with greater desire
lean republic. The inten ·iew was gran ted.
That is how Madero happened to hear Frank J .
for victory than do the generals of 500,000 miners. The
story of how West Virginia has been partially won has
Hayes. vice presiden t of 'the United Mine Workers ; Joseph -D. Cannon, of the " ' estern Federation of Miners,
a lready been written big In the nation's newspapers
and magazines, in court-records, cQngressional proceedand "Mother" Jones, of all th e miner s, argue for the
logs, in pamphlets and in books. To the south i;>f that
advance of the flag of unionis m across the Rio Grande
lies Old Virginia where · union miners are unknown,
and into the mining camps of Old Mexico. There was
where the chattel slave has become the industrial wage
not a line about this conference, striving for peace and
slave and still languishes in bondage.
enlightenment for the toilers, in the jingoistic press;
To the south of Illinois and Indiana is Kentucky.
at th e time raving for armed intervention, and nothing
The miners' unlon- rorces -trave- crossed ""the 0hio- River -- - ----nas be·e n said concerning-It--since.
and the Blue Grass state is beirig rapidly won. The
It was soon after this that the strength of the United
campaign stretches to Tennessee and Alabama along
Mine Workers was demanded in West Virginia and the
�The Western Comrade
231
fighting force of the Western Federation called to Ely,
their westward way. They came to Utah, built their
Nevada, and Bingham Canyon, Utah. And then Madero
homes and began to 'till 'the soil in the ·valley of the
.,.. was assassinated. But like everywhere else this hlis
New Jordan on th~ eastern shores_ ot the Great Salt
only momentarily halted the onward sweep of the vicLake.
.
torious _underground war that knows no retreat, no• deOnly in their agricultural pursuits did tliey disturb
fea t , no turning back.
the ground upon which . they trod. They deemed It sac- ·
It was the growing light in the brain of the Mexican
religtous to rob the earth Qf its hidden mineral wealth.
worker that forced Madero to declare to the represenBut <;1!-Pitalism knows no religion and it soon foltatives of organized
rlowed the Mormons
American m i n e r s
into Utah and went
that his administradeep into the hills
tion would place no
and mountains and
obstacle in the path
brought forth much
of any effort that
coal and copper and
might be made to orother minerals reganize the Mexican
sulting in the accuminers.
M ad e r o
mulation of · great
may be dead but the
wealth.
While it
light Is penetrating
· robbed the earth it
deeper into the mind
also r o b b e d the
of the working class
worker as it was alof Mexico and the
ready doing in 'everight time to strike
r y other corner of
will soon come.~
the land.
Tha t is the underG r a d u a I I y the
ground war in birds worker grew In ineye view as it stands
telligence and with
today on the third
it his objection to
being robbed and
greatest continent of
the world.
from that day cap"It is very signifiitalism was doomed.
It is only natural
cant," said the chairthat the workers
man of the World's
who dig the coa.l and
M I n i n g Congress,
mine the gold, copthat met In Europe
per, iron, lead, zinc,
last summer, "that
silver an:d a host of
we have with us a
other metals, should
representative of the
form the backbone
American miners."
of the growing
and the chairman reAmerica. Ji.· labor
ferred to Charles H.
movement.
Moyer, president of
They mined the
the Western Federametal from which
tion.
It was the
the machine was
ambition for the
built and they dig
world-wide solidarthe coal that runs
Ity of labor that
spoke.
the machine. And
when the era of maF or one fleeting
chinery began the
moment listen to the
first gray streaks of
voice of the· exploitthe Socialist dawn
er who is passing.
began their war up"We will spend eveon the capitalist
ry cent we've got
night. ,.
and go bankrupt beMany have tried
fore we'll recognize
to explain the reathe U nit e d Min e
son for the great
Workers of Amerand growing soliica," said the mine
darity among the
owners of West Virmine workers and
ginia. Up in Michithe fil'In stand for
gan the copper ba.•
working class progrons declared, "We'll
Solldarlty Is written in their faces
ress that they have
let t he grass grow in
always taken.
As
the streets before we
the Socialist party starids for the emancipation · of the
will give in to the Western Federation of Miners." Out
working class on the political field so the Western Fedin Colorado the mine owners claim they wiU grant everythi!_!_g but th ~'.I:_ec_Q~j!i~.!l" of the miners' un!Qn. But__ -· ~_I]Lj:ion and _the__ United Mine Work.ers stand for__th.e
complete abolition of wage slavery on the economic
all that organized labor wants iS "recognition." Once
field.
having gained that it will take care of all else.
.
Take the case of Vice President Hayes, of the coal
The story is told of the pioneer Mormons plodding
�,•
232
The Weste rn C omrade
miners, just passing 30 years of age . . When ·erected
vice president several years ago he was the youngest
international officer in any American labor organization,
1
being at that time not yet 28 y;ears old.
Hayes was a little bit of a red-headed• Irish lad
when King Coal beckoned. to him in one of Illinois'
many mining c·amps . . There was something irresistible
about the beckoning. The hoy obeyed.
The whip hand •or the monstrous monarch drove the
little lad down into the hidden recesses of the earth
and numbered him among the one million other men
and boys who toil underground in these .United 'states.
The minds of most children are deaden~.d by t oil.
The minds of a few manage somehow to thrive on it.
So the persistent !pind of young Hayes developecl down
there in the gloom of tbe subterranean caverns. At
times he would pick up a piece of slate and scra:tch
thereon the ideas that formed themselves in . his mind.
Gradually the worlds fell into rhyme and r ythm. It
was poetry. He suhg just like the unlettered bards in
the days of old .
•
The songs of the m'iners' life written by young
Hayes did not go unnoticed. They were mailed t!) the
Uni ted Mine Worker s' Journal at Ind ianapolis, Ind., and
when they were published the coal miners of the nation
ilrst began to bear of F rank J. Hayes.
That is one way of working out the reason for the
strength and solidarity of the organized mine workers.
The re are those who pick out 'ft nice big word. call it
the " psychology" of th e miner and let it go at that.
Bu t to me it seems impossible that the youth of the
nation's mining camps and v illages should go willingly
to slave the days away in the underground darkness,
where the never-ending night g ives birth to dream on
dream for better things.
Even the poorest among city boys can usually find
something to remove them partially from the day's toil.
It is different in th e mining camps where there is but a
step from the cabin to th e mine mouth and back again.
The !Jig thing that impresses one in all mining camps
is the utter dis regard for the child's demand for some
joy during its growing years.
. I was talking to a young miners, Jl. mere youth, delegate to a com·ention of the Illi-nois mine workers at
Springfield, Ill. He was waiting for the train that was
to take him back to the miners' cabin where he dwelt
with his father and mother, brothers and sisters. He
spoke in bitter tern1s of the bumble home and of the
bare necessiti es of life-all that they could afford. He
had a dream- the dream of a bigge r, better, brightei··
futur-e. So he takes his place and fights Iiis fight in the
ranks of the million miners.
For the big thing that labor needs is hope inspired
by a dream and that is what the miners ha ve above all
things. The fact that their wage contracts are intricate
aJfairs with many sections and clauses, calling for
.something akin to geniu s to properly understand them,
is not the foundation stone of this or any other labor
organization. lt is merely the drel).m laborious ly working itself out.
The miner is us ua ll y pictured as being irresistibly
associated with a pick and shovel. These ancient implements have been almast universally .discarded. Now
the miner battles with th e virgin coal or the ore produ cing rock with ela borate machinery.
One of the points of contention in the Michigan
copper strike is whether one man or two men are to
operate the mining machine . which is known as 'the
"widow -ma:ker,"-because o f- Inability-of-th e-human-make ~
up to long withstand the· demands made upon. itin the
-ru.n ning of such a machine. With two men --running the
!(.-
'W • ·
1l c
machine the life-span may be stretched Olit" over a few
more years.
These maehines are rapid producers, too. Working
only three or four days in the week the coal miners of
the country can keep the fuel market flooded. When
the copper strike broke in Michigan there was an oversupply of the me'~al. Things like that make the miner
think. Why is it t hat he must remain in poverty while
he~·provides more than the. world needs? he a sks himself, and straightway orders ·his delegates in convention
assembled to demand for the miner, "the full· product of
his 'labor,"
:Wherever legislators . gather to make Jaws, in state
legislatures. or in the national congress, the represenstatives of the miner are to be found. When Socialists
''Were elected to the Nevada state legislature they championed the industrial rights of the metal miners of that
state. The .same was true in Illinois and Pennsylvania.
There · are .some who criticize the manner in which
the mfners go on strike. When the trouble in West Virginia was at its height there were those who pleade~
for a so-ca lled generai st11_if~ of all the coal miners.
. believing· that this would i~ ately bring the West
Virginia mine monarchs to their knees. Su.ch a proceeding could have had but one outcome. It would have
wrecked· the miners' organi~ation in· the unionized states
\Vhile the miners in the non-unionized fields would
keep right on working. A strike of air the miners on
the North Ap1erican continent is impossible until all
. the mine workers have been thoroughly organized.
The present strike policy of the United Mine Worke rs and the Western Federation meets with success be·cause the mining industry has not yet been thoroughly
monopolized. There is still some competition and it is
still . possible to play one group of mining barons off
against another group. This occurs even inside of states.
During the memorable 1910 struggle of the Illinois
miners the organization of the mine owners split in
twain and ,opened the way for the victory of the workers. The mine own ers signed up with the miners'
union in the southern part of the state a nd the men returned to work. The men in the northern part of the
state remained on strike, received support from the
southern Illinois miners with the result that the northern Illinois mine owner s soon gave in rather than see
the ir pr operties become bankrupt. - The miners' union
was stronge!- than the mine owners' union.
But. the mining industry is becoming more and more
monopolized. The mineral wealth of the continent is
falling more and more into the hands of one set of
capitalists. \C\11iile th is is going on the miners' union
is growing stronger and stronger.
·What is going to happen? I cannot see a continental
confli ct between the exploiters and t he exploited of
the mines. The working class has already a dvanced
too fa r for that. Already the bane! writing is in the
sky, Not many more years will pass before the nation
will iake ove r the mines, the exploiters will be peacefully exterminated and the workers will dictate the conditions under which t he miners shall labor. The hand
of the "widow maker" will be stayed · and the underground wealth of the la nd will be sought for what it
can be used and not for the profits that it will bring.
Complete victory will then have come to the side of
the workers in the great underground war.
Act first. this earth, a stage so gloom'd with w oe
You all but sicken at the shifting scenes.
-AIYd yetoe- patie nt.• Our Playwr1ghf may show
In some fifth act what this wtld drama means.
-Tennyson.
�The We s ter n Comrade
233
CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE
~
'
>
L
By EMANUEL J ULIUS
Flynn-better known as "Porky" Flynn-was found
guilty of murder.
The jury had listened patiently to the evidence, had
retired to debate on the merits of the t es.t imony, had
reviewed the murder of wealthy, aged J . Albert Sewell,
from every possible angle, and r eported its belief that
"Porky" fired the fatal shot and that death should be
his punishment.
The judge than ked the tw elve men for their work
and told them they could go to their homes. ·Turning to
the prisoner, the court announced:
"You have been 'given a fair trial and have been
couYicted . Step forward and say why sentence should
not be pronounced."
Fl ynn-pale and trembling- arose fro m his seat and
a lmost staggered to the bar before the judge's bench.
The jury's verdi ct had paralyzed him an!} left him nearly
speechless. His bra in seemed clouded and unable to
cum pre bend th e mea ning of it all. Nen ously, he cried:
" I did n' t do it, judge. So help me God, I n ever done
that ) ob. 1 know I' m just a measly, Jow-dO\vn dog of
a er•Jok, judge"-tea rs blinded him-"1 know I've done
a Jot of rotte n things''-his voice rose to a high, hysterical falsetto- "! know I've served a bunch of t erms
in prison for thin gs I done, judge ; but I never killed
t ha t mau- l swear, judge; I never killed him that
night and may God strik e me dead if I ain't telling you
what's th e tr uth."
Flynn broke down and wept like a child, his should ers hea1·in g violently a~ long. painful sobs came from
the dep ths of his ches t. The judge waited until the
wretch could control hi s feelings enough to continue
his plea.
"1 didn't kili that rn a n, judge- " Flynn became incoherent; here and t here, he r epeated, " I never done it,"
ap pare nt ly le:ning the judge unconvinced.
"This is a sad· case.'' sa id"'the judge, slowly, empha~ izin g each sylla ble, ·•and I feel for you; but never have
I known a man's g uilt to be so clearly .indicated by circumstantia l e1·idence as in this instance. I have al way s dreade'l circums tantial evi d en~e-especially whena human life stands at s ta ke- but here you are absolu te ly proven to be th e actual murderer of J . Albert
Se\,·eJI- "
" I ne Yer don e it, I never done it!" Flynn moaned.
"Your mer e denia ls avail you nothing," exclaimed
the court ; "to merely re peat again and a gain that you
are innocent does not wipe away the overwhelming facts
against you. First of all, you confess you are a professiona l ' burglar-you haYe served more than fifteen
years in penitentiaries throughout the country- your
record is a s black as any" criminal I have ever known.
All your life you haYe preyed upon society, all your life
you have broken Jaws and robbed right and left. This
you do not deny, for you know denials are worthless.
On the night of the tragedy. you went (o the home of
J. Albert Sewell for no· other purpose than to commit'
burglary. Is that the truth?"
"Yes, it's so-l went there to break in. and, I did get
into his house-but I never killed that man," Fly~n
answered.
The court contrnued :
"A policeman heard a· shot and ran to the Sewell
home and caught you running from the place. A min-
ute later the police officer -found the body of J. Albert
Sewell. Y-our Jievolver was found near .his remains;
one of · its· chambers contai.ned an empty shell. The
bullet extracted -frQm Sewell's body is of the same calib'e r as the oth~rs in y.o ur revolver-that is convincing,
to say the least. : The· evidence establ1shes the moti ve,
which was robbery; you· were caught 'n ear the scene
ot the crime; your revolver was the weapon used- that,
to any. reasonable person, proves you to be the murderer."
·
The judge gazed ll,teadily, for a while, at the condemned. man's face and there, to his own mind, found
further proof of guilt. Flynn's knotted figure, heavy,
brutal face, glassy eyes almost lost in their sockets,
huge, crooked nose ·and wiid brows. together with a
po\~€ I:flil , .. vici<jus jaw seemed, in the j udge's opinion,
to help spell his guilt.
" I never done' it! " .cried !<,lynn.
" You have peen fou nd gu·ilty," said the judge, ass uming a cold, unc~nn p rpmi sing attitude; ''I an:). convinced there has been no error and I can do nothing
but pronounce sentence."
*
·X·
*
Seven weeks later, the shadow of what was once a
man Jay chained t o the stone floor of the death cell.
Often, he mumbled, "I never done it," out his words
fell on ears as hard and deaf as the walls about him.
A few hours before · d!twn, Flynn was given enough '
whiskey to intoxicate him. He drank long draught's of
the liquid , for its numbing effect drove away the fear
of death that was freezing 'his heart. And, while in a
drunken state, un able to understand wh(lt was soon in
store for him, with a priest reading passages of scripture, imploring God to save. his soul,. Flynn was led down
the gloomy corridor to the death chamber, where he
was strapped to a chair and shock ed with murderous
volts of fire unt il the life in him was no more. · And
then, the state recorded in. its books of justice t hat a
fearful crime had been avenged, that Flynn had paid
the penalty and th"a t · the last cha pter in th e Se well
murder had been written.
*
* *
About three months before l<'Jynn was electrocutedor rather, on the night of his arrest- Henry Purvis and
Mrs. J eanette Se1vell were seated in the diml y lighted
library of J . Albert Sewell's home . They were akme
and gazed at each other, anxiety written on their faces .
He was a man of about forty; so evenly featured
was he as to leave his· countenance almost characterless.. Every line and wrinkle had been carefully massaged out of him, leaving him expressionless. But his
glittering eyes showed him to be possessed of a quick,
shrewd brain aQd a will always striving for control.
He was one who lived by his wits ; a man-of-the-world
ever ready to risk anything to obtain what he was striving for, a temperament thirsty for ad venture.
He and Jennie, as he called her, had long been Intimate, and had, for almost ten years, formed a team
that looked upon the world as their oyster and who
used--theiF- w4-t-s- as- an --opener; - Am:l--th-e- m-anyo ysters · - -they had opened were not commonplace oysters: they
in~ri~J>ly found pearls.
For the past year. since J eanette had wormed her
�The We tern Comra de
:w ~Moo tfoe efder !ff':W'eft"s; ~ e had
d9> "Wife, V m. had ~ 215 her h-rotnu, Ure -
/' :t'i t.h6<1' eal~ bf • nen-r ~ tbJat
ey
j;, fli€t, 1ln'er5, 1'b€ir u erne, in- brief, was to
g6t ~~ ftltlfJey, of W'hk1J he bad ple:oty, Tbat t ey got
fi(lfjfi &f M~ wt.-altfl Wa!f a Ca(:t p.atneuJ to confess. bot u
wttre,
'l#;tij;
trne, M,....e rthell:JJ!f,
~l1JJ
beJd fut to bls money, even ta Jog upon
bfmSUtlf the UUfk of JY<&Ying what expenses were met
fr(llfl (Jay w day, refusing steadfastly to give heir sums
of mmJeY trllldt 11he tried to obtain. And that, to the
rmlr of ~H:henu:rt~, was a very distressing condition- of
affsdrfl,
"At any time/' !laid Pun·is, almo~t angrily; "the old
fuuJ f~t Jlkely to Jearn the truth abo t us."
·
"Ye8/' agreed Jeanette; "you can't pose as his brother-In -Jaw lndellnitely. "Some day ~·n Jearn the truth
1111ll then you'll 11ee your picture In the papers--.another
Jmnlf;wmo eureKJiotH1cnt. That would be a line how-do-
rou-rllJ, wuuliln't lt '!"
"1 WDUllJn't mlntl that KO much ir we could only get
bill llJMHJY. 'fhaf.'ll what we're after a nd I'm tired of
thl ~j IIJIJU walt- ! uXJJ ctcd to walt ~< ix months, but here
It lH a111!(1Ht u year anti we haven't progressed very
much. I w ll you, you must make that old fool loosen
UJJ !If' 1'11 do It for you."
"How?" til e woman lnqulr d.
"Ol1, t ll c•l'tl Ul'u a thousand ways, a nd one Is as good
Ull IIIHJthel', 11.'1! a CJtH.Hillon which Is th e best at thi s
luw. 0 11u th i ng Is ·ertaln, we must get that money."
'l'll lJ woma u nod!l •!l he r h ad s lowly.
" ll'M lou ll ud," s h cornm · nt d. "1 never kne w s o
old ~~ 1111111 with KU ·h good health."
"Y!o!H. hfllif.l' 111m, he hal'l rft ev n got r heumatis m."
''Wt•lL th iJ I' '11 nothin g to be done except wait for
o lll' t' il lLll Cil. It wi ll !:lUI' ly come s oone r or later . Have
Jllitlt·uNJ, tll Y d a r·, huv pat! nee."
" II' I bud hllll he r l 'd ring his n eck,'' Purvis blurted,
with uu Ot\Lii ,
Ilo g lr111 •t•d u ' I'CJHI:! th dlrn room. a look of disgus t
on hill I'll<;!'. S utldt'n ly, h tum d deathly pale and fe lt
lll ll li NHt l:l ]ll'ill g lnt Ills llll'ol\t, for t here, to his utte r
fill ttml~ lilll lH it ' lUill b wi ld nn nt, ~:~1ood-yes, th ere in
lli u lluot·wny, ng ltatt.> d b yond d scription, s tood the obj uct or hlfl t~ ch m s- J. Alb rl S we ll.
"He huMhcn t·d a ll,'' was th e firs t thoug ht that fl ashed
lht'flH ~ h Ptll'l' lM' mind. "H
au g ht us napp ing."
.1\'H II \'I.I l' Uhltl llll'ncfl and n w what hnd driven terror
htltl 1'111'1'18' lt \ltll't • hut s h wn not of l h kind that
rllu •lt t>tl ll'h t> n t'tll'ecd lo "fa ' lh mu i ."
b laughed
ttlll ltly; It was ' mor • ot' l\ huckl · t han a laugh.
" \Vt' ll, w 11," sh ex ·laim d in mock
riou n ss :
"J tt >~ t lno1 wh ' het' ! "
11 ' 1' Inn h l\11 I ait· of lndlfl' r n
r tored Purvis'
11 1'\'\', H Qllldtl
air and ni cker d:
" 1 ml \'IHJing, i ll'. S •writ; dr'opp d in ruthe r sud -
thml , didn't you ?"
'h mnn t lh d or did not an wer; comin"' forI, hi! ~h k his h ad lowly nud look d at the pair,
h\ll'dly nbl t b •II ,. hi yes or dmit th truth of
wiH\t hi: ~·u lmd b • rd.
" ' m lbl)k w nl d, .d:u-ltn ," 'li!l J nun tte, yeing
b.tlil 1\lti\•Hh>hl '.
" 8 1 lhh> I' wh, t has \)~u iu tore [or me," Mr.
'''' •ll f\ wn tt "l married Ul partner or a thief,
bl~u~M. b tb int tns hou
nd h N! they are chewing
WI\l
"-'b l\1~!"
l r. " \\ lL
thd\~
t
bl' ~
"oo•~•IS-
.. t~~n,,
was
-
· fee
ping oct a reV"olveF, e - .e d it towards Ul
Mr. Sew:ell stood, transfixed. Late£. i
sank into a chair_ The reTolTer was unl ded. Pur
well Jmew: but. be continued to aim i t the
announcjng. aS a lii'arning:
"If you mo•e out of tba.t chair rn kill you on tb
spot_ f mean bJJSiness. _o you bad better trunk t nee
before _yon attempt anrthillg....
Tbe revolver levelled a t Mr.·
well, the WOlUaD
standing near the table. Purvis leaning anxiou ly [orward, and the third seated ilr a chair pre ented a picture tba t was s triking.
For a full minute, a heary ilenee hung, lik a
blanket, over the~; no one tirred ; not a word wa~
uttered. P1,1n-is _w as thinking rapidly; s om thin ..., b
concluded. must be done. Tbis, be admitted, wa tb
moment for action; to waver would mea n the lo s of
everything.
But, what could he do? The revolver wa unloaded
- and then, he did not r elish the idea of eommitin a .
crime that might result in-he shudde red; h was In
a quandry . . For another minute, silence continued.
The quiet was broken by a noise that came from
anothe r. room.
'
"Someone has e ntered this bouse," Pu rvi s whispered
hoarsely. " The re must be a burglar here."
Mr. Sewell, his head between his hands, did not
seem to h ear what was transpiring.
Pun-is i·an into the other room, wh ich was pitch
dark. ·and qui etly tip-toed his way to the bottom of. the
stairway. There he discerned the form of the in t rud t',
With a ru sh , he spmng upon the burgla r , who has tily
drew his r e volv e r . Purvis immediate ly di s arm d him.
With a lurch, th e bu rg lar 'dre w back , freeing hims It
A second later, h e was making his escape, leaving Pu r vis with a loa ded re1·o1ver in his hand.
Mr. Sewell and the woman, having beard the commotion. came hurrying down tpe stairs.
"What is it? What is it?" a man's voice inquired .
"A burglar," said Purvis, pee ring through the dark.
'Vhe n he pe rce ived t he figure of the aged m a n, he fired.
Without e ve n a g t·oan, l"'r. Se well fell to the la ndin g.
Pun·is t hought qu ickly and ins tan tly came to a. condu ~ ion.
•·t; p to your r oom!
Quick! " be commanded . " n dress and get into your ni ght clothes. I'll do the same
in my room. Quick!"
·
l n a second, . t hey were off.
*
* *
" 'bile Pun·is was peeling off his clothes, be heard
the noise of another struggle. This time. t'be noise
came from the s t reet.
till undressing, he ran to the wind,ow .and looked
down. There be saw the burglar fn ·the arms of a policeman, s truggling for his freedom. By the time the
burglar was overpowered, Pun;s vas in his night
clothes. He l.hen hurr ied down, soon followed by the
woman_
Opening the door, he let the policeman drag the
almost unconscious form of tbe burglar into tbe halL
"'He fired a sbo ," said the policeman. "We'd better
earcb around."
- ly God. Here is his "ictim," said Pun!£. "llr.
- e'i'ell baS. oeen Jfilleil. n
And rve t211ght tiDe monlerer red-banded," Wd
the "policeman.
�;
..
Tbe Westezrli Comzraufl e
ntque elange of Red-and B a ____
i
By R.O:B WAGN"E R
r.=~~~!!!!!l]
T-
R.elm a11e t-wo>
k:~ttds;
af
~alifsts
who
must no~ read! tbJs;, F'o if they dlo they
-«rm be pe:rfecnDy fnJirfoUS'.
'Tbe first fs the Whale oxr Noilbhl'g
cemrade who !iJeffeves that the co-o];l!eratlve commonwealth is- gohlg to artiV'e at 3 ofc!ock s&me Tbtwsday aftertlOOll! a JfuJe heJIIIce. Tbe other is our
cofo~izing brother who wants to drag
dream in 'by the ears and elliectllte a
miniature commonwealth in the midst
'fhey are bet1ili so orthodox andl uncom-
otlr'
of capltaHsm.
promising that a scheme !Wch as 1 am about to relate
wtll Le considered a gharneless deal with the devil.
'rhls frame-up fsc the same old combination of the
co-operative element and perfectly disgusting exploitation, 'T·he only difference being that the co-operative
benefits are going to the radical owners and the rich are
the ones upon which the robbery will be practiced.
Some sixty or seventy villagers-mostly the.professioilnls Wlto live by their wits- decided that they were
tired al <llscommodlog the pigeons In the stingy flats
and apart!Ilefltli thnt the capltallsts built for them at
oiilf'ageous rents. Tiley said to themse h·es and to one
tlllothel' ; "We ate perfect goats to be Jiving the way
we ~t·e when by co-opel'atfve bVylng we can environ
ow·~ elre s In a palace."
That's all th e re is to clubs.
l·'urt li l•l'mui'P, if· th ey built th e ir palace co-operatirely
thpy c-ou ld lla\·e It to 1:1 uit their own pe rs onal eccentrlcl1ies a 1nl IH;> l•ils.
Hut th e best part of th e sch me is this: Stt up close
no\~ untl li s te n to th e s hame of Sociali s ts playing the
grlnt P.
'!'h ey Int e nd to build much larger than th eir
ow n ll t:'l'll!i and rent th rest! Forty per cent of the
apn i'tnn•ut g will b ~ owned and 60 per cent rented. This
will gil'e th e uwueJ's th e ir own apartments rent free.
l'm>~~·?
No t at all. lt has l.lee n worked nine times in
:'\L!w \'odt Cl t1·. The lns t co-operati r e apartment was
Hta J'IPd IJ~· Francis W ilso n, Richard Watson Glider and
.1\ il l'K Utlc>l' ln .
•
Hut beto re I get you a ll work d up 1 suppose I ought
to l f' ll ~· o u s ou1 thing n·l.lout til e pbysi ·aJ plan.
Do ~· o tt !mow th ose hills to the rig ht of Pasade na
Al'enlle. O)lJlosite H. Wn shlng ton, that have been all cut
IIIJ with counti'Y roads? W e ll, on the topmost point of
t hnt- the hill that lm
be n blocked oll'- this is to
h l'tn·ntlllslis. The re are len ncr s to that hill and 200
acl'es 011 those · s urrounding It that ilav been parked.
'l'he hllt Is 00 feet all0n1 the ea and being the
hl~lmst point \\"lthln tbe old city limits looks down upon
t.os hgeJ s Ilk a feudal s uliuel. The vie w from the
top b tl~· llght Is one gorgeous panorama of 360 degrees
fl'otn tb mou ntain to tile sea, and by nigh t the picture
i.' ,llint>st seil atlonnl- fo1' Los An-g-eles lies right at its
r t nntl lh~ llghts of the city· re emble a gr at fete;
while the other 11lace like Pas:~dena, Garvanza and
lhaiul.n"a 1 ·embl
clusters ol' sparkling jewels.
l'm \" i':S lllWcl\ t llll)i d to rove about U1is but refrain
le t ~"t!U think l lUll t.IUkillg.like :a real es.ta!~r.
't he bltih:Hn.g of w Itch tb .p ictull'e i- a tentative
swg:~s\i~u (th f'O\ll' dinlty little t owers ar<e coming on:,
for fn:stan.ce)
t1afnl
ap •
- _be dais
wm
en
A. reinfmreE.d!
and! ca t:fn:g n.earily"
•
,
l'H let ~m p- her (in the Cail!fwrn.ia Outloo
tell
you. tire details e>"{·thfs. p13.n. lt rill s.av~ me r~ting a
Clillll1Ilm-bes;Itles ~ifering; lit in ch.ast~ English.
"These apartments will oos:t from 2 , t.o Q .. a.~
cording to location ancJ · sf~e. The owner put up his:
money, gets ~s apa:riment~ which rill he uanged
exa£Uy to suit him, and company toek l ued. t.o th&
amol!lDt of his paymentf No more th.a n 40 per
Qt
the apartments will be sold. The remaining 60 ~r cent
the company will let at prevailing hlgh-cla s rentals..
That's where the owners. begin banking dividend •
Besides owping his . apartment and clipping coupons
the o~·ner of a Parnassus apartment. gets oti !urther a.s
follows: The ·a partment a re laid out on room units.
A two (unit) room apartment, let us say, going for
$2000, will have a large· living room with b ds and all
similar jiggers of the . press-the-button-disappearing
type, a neat. and . ideally arranged kitchen, a bath room,
a large closet and dressing room and a sleeping porch.
He will pay no rent, but he will pay 10 per room, or
$20 for the two, for " service," and this en-Ice Includes
his insurance, ta,es. hot, cold and distilled water, light,
electric fu el, telephones, vacuum cleaning, r efrigeration
and washing of a ll flat linen.
Then he will get ·the use, in common with his neighbors of a la rge dining room, ball and assembly roomthe latter provided with stage for lecture and theatricals; also moving picture mechanism- playrooms for
children, billiards, pr·ivate. smoking and dining rooms.
Then, the "villagers" are to pool the ir ·libraries- and
Intellectuals have libraries worth while-In to one of the
finest private collections in the West. Under the great
dome will be a magnificent art gallery. ln the basement
of the building bowling alleys and a gymnasium w!Jl be
installed, and on the grou ndi tennis courts and a beautiful Roman bath will be found. lt goes without saying
that garages will be provid ed. Street car fac illlles are
to be arranged, passengers landi ng therefrom and pass,
ing through a tunnel to the e levators .
Just as an apartment bouse enterprise Parnassus
shows well on paper ;. l.lu t th e co-operative plan Idea Is
the new thing that will be copied.
But bigger than the building or the plan is the
"center" phase-the homing of a large number of hl'f;hly cultured, interesting, worth- wh ile professional men
and women and their families in such a manner as to
establish in the city of Los Angeles a definite Intellectual
and artistic holy -of -holies. Remember, all wbo enter
h e re must pass muster before the "villagers," and
those who have no qualifyi ng distinction of accomplishm ent will not be admitted. Parnassus is to be tbe abode
of the ari tocracy of talent. Only those who b.ave tolled
to a purpose may gain these heights!
Forty per cent of the a!'artments must be e.old or
the building will not be started. Bef.ore the company
--~.lL_incgr..RQrat.ed nearJLJ!ne-t.hi}"p of tb~..!!L were spokf!n
for and the only thing that can stop tbe sale of the rest
will be the attitude of the absurd ban:k.s tb:at at present
eent
�236
The We.s:tern Comrad ,e
THE ARCHITECT'S DRAWING OF PARNASSUS
wi ll not relea se an y of th e mone y that we ha1·e all
put ln .
1t is a mighty inte res ting bun ch that have already
gone into th e plan. Th ey Include every s haped head
In th e vi llage. or course. th e radicals dominate. In
fact, on ly one real reactionary has so far come in and
his reaction ought to add spice and vivacity to the
t;oclnl life. Some idea of th e social omel~t can be
gath e red from th e incorporators. H. V. Blenkium (Red),
lllchmond Plant. (Si ngle Taxer) , Roland Paul (Mu sicInn), 1\ol. E. J oh nson (ve ry Hed), )lob Wagner (Hed),
l•~mmt\ L. llecd (Haines mother- Bull Moose), H . G.
Wnlltin s (Red). Dr. 'I'. Perceval Gerson (Anarch .) , Dr.
J. E. Wilson (Red) ; A. S. Hinneman (Architect), Mary
Colver (Red). Harriman, Ryckman' & Tuttle, attorneys.
Of the many who have reserved apartments there are
a Jot of Bull Mice, but of course the Reds predominate.
When the place is finish ed-which we hope will be
next fall-we want you all to come up and look It overand say it to our faces-all but the t •o Red s I forb id
to read this tale. I'm sure that this will pe.
them.
And we want only joyous people up there. We ntend
to gra b off a little of the co-operative stuff without
waiting and if to do so we have to play the rules of
the gam e as they a re handed us, let's at least play them
in our own interest instead of the other fellow's .
•
THE AUTOMOBILE FIRE TRUCK
Br
C H E S T E R M. . W R I G H T
It comes! See It plunge! Look at the beauty! How it rolls down the pave like a great, supreme, electrified god !
It's the automobile fire truck !
No jangling bell mars the harmony of the thing. A bi g throated whistle clears the way for th i s king of the road .
On It comes, its great engines throbbing like the pound of a thousand giant wings.
This thing Is Invincible. It has the grace of the new, the majesty of the supreme. Nothing c;m stop it. It has
power, power, power! The strength of the limitless Is I n i ts vitals.
Every line is beautiful. In build and tone and function there is harmony. A symphony in util ity!
The horse ? Bemoan the passing of the horse ? Never! Beside this engine of man' s creation the horse Is weak
and futile. The picturesque of the horse Is of the old. The picturesque of this wonderful thing that streaks by like
a cyclone und-er throttle-Is of the new. It Is olfrs! We made. it! We know its power, its unlimited strength, Its strong
beauty, Its sublime indifference to heat or cold or danger or de<:ay!
It typifies the age. We need not drag out of the past all of our delights, nor all of our picturesque utilities. · Out
of the new materials which we have found and learned how to use we go on to create for our own age our new picturesque things, our new utilities, our new beauti es, our new powers. And no thing that has perfect utility is lacki ng
In beauty.
Roll on, you superb automobile fire truck~ Never was horse to matc_b_ypu! _N_eller ..can_one. take your place! You
ar~ of us today!
·
.- - - - - -·-You typify an age, an age of the new, the startling, the da.ring, the man-serving accomplishments of man!
�;
Tbe We teEm
CG m rra~dl.e
-
lN Ttl€ C ft ~'c·,~~,., ) t~11 Gt,OW I
-----
~, ::.:::/
·,
< -
I
- -..,
"'A-t fast/"
T'lle> crass strllgglle has bee'll111'a!rlledl &VeT tile d'azziiing
wbi~e canvals of the motfol!l l}tc1i.l!lll'e tb.ealtell".
""Filom
JYus1( ro ID:twnt/' F'11ank E. W0-Me' s- filllll sto-vy o'f the
~abo'F histo't'Y o1! Los Ang.ele« fs '*ocn the boavd's,"
JI'Jl t he fust wlaee 1\)le tHin
is on~ of t)le fin est e'Vel"
disp1ated ~tnywJlJete, frO'm
the standpoint M lecbniqoe
sea 0f fumd&-han
o! terr. tb.ousan
or 'th
fng; eon1 ~ mo e ImptteS: • & thlm j,us: tho
h
'Fhe~e> are tWisted! am:ll hl'oi:.e:DI ban
Rig,tlt in th , fQ~
gnnmd! a mmdl
Ila.rd! and boll~)). f a.
gQll&t
Tire sttm:y of Ia.h or is 1!nitt.e.n m th~& han.-@..
'
Anlf the- s:ile t:; pl~k&ttn~.
. "l'bree. abreas.t. the m&n.
march do\\"D in front o.t the
struck foundiry gate • han£\
clasped. lip
·led. 'There'
a swing and a power that
grips in that eene. Again
~N expett and tbe faventor
the marchers show in th
of vtocesses Wl'lkh he alon·e
Darrow trial scene. A "melt
is abfe to ilBe.in," done with the genlu or
'the pictilte aims· to carry
a ma ter mind and hand,
no story thr'elid throughout,
brings the marchers in a
thoUgll there is the n ever' 'ision right through the
f'fl dlng story ot the class
court room mas ing in a
fl tt·uggfe In every scene.
mental plctur
back of
Ther'e Is a '\VOIHlerful coltheir champion who stands
lection of s t irtlng aud hisat the bar on trial. Th
turlc l'cenes that cannot
scene was taken two years
rail. 10 move the thousand!!
ago In the great Labor Day
and thousands w ho w ill see
parade of that stirring year.
the plo Y,
It is not a staged picture.
Oh e or 1be most stri king
lt is a reproduction of real
o f .th ese Is a great courtlife. It Is wonderful.
ruuin aceuo in th e Darrow
The first scene of' the film
trlul. Court Is in Hession.
shows . the struggle for ex'file J'oom ls jammed wllh
ist ence of a slum fam lly.
s pecliltOI'fi, M 1's, Darrow i s
The oldest daughter besee n lu otto of the front
comes t he leader of a la unRe nts. Dtu·t·ow Is fighting
dry strike. F lashing on
his oint battle fo1' liberty .
soon after Dan Grayson ap,.Job HaJ'l'lman lakes the
pears as the hero of the
stH ttd . 'l'he thin'g Is drafoundry strike.
He Is
lllll ti c with th e tragedy of
elected governor on the Sot·eill life. It is real, natural,
~ialist ticket before the play
t rue to lil'e becau se it is
ends and the "cur tain" 'falls
!He, 'l'he wlt11esses are a1l
on the heart-union of the
h ' IU'd lli1d the prosecutor
girl and the man just after
111ajws his plea. 'l'hen Darthe. governor has signed a
ro w, 111as lve, lmpl'e;!slve,
bill that plunges the state
d!~nlfl d itt the loose haug.
into Socialfsm.
ltlg clothes that llt'e char·
One of the wonders of the
nrteristic or him, beglus his
film is in the people who ap(tt·~ument, his plea for jus·
pear in the leading re1les.
tlce.
Aside from Darrow and Job
F'ot' five minutes he is the
Harriman there are J. Stitt
c 111\'Hl 1\gul'e on th
teen,
Wilson, "Fred C. wheeler,
al'glilnl); \;() the jur~-. empha·
Stanley B. Wilson, Cyrus F .
si~liig his )>oims with his
Grow, Thomas W. Williams,
lowg foteltuger, talkin-g 1:0
G. Gordon Whitnatl, ' and a
' '' m lH,"'e a father to hl
hundred otlhers. Some of
SOli . Th
SCi'een. ~tches
the mass s~s were stageD
l h•e tre'N;ob.a!h.y ot Ut~ ;m:an.
Clal"enoe IDa:rl'oW ;as :seen on t!h e :scl"een
at Socialist gathe.rln·g a,
h 4s a 4t h'e S\'Ood \ be'l'e in
Tlrou=ds oi Jiimmie fflgginses m recognize th.emlif~. n. ~s o'ne 0t the rglteatest rno'tlt>n. Q:Jkture cenes 'eV"&
selves :at o ne t ime or another :m the action of the play. :
rl\s~)l~d.
AU in ail!!, the mm is :an epoch mar:Jrulg ~roducroloa
:nd 'tb~l'e :ail'e '01Jb-.'!r St:'ene str~ik<e scen-es, mo·b
' ' - ~ t.r~m 4abor'.s iteal n~ in the ~ty--thalt -used ---14:.-pa.-s~~r-,gr~-thillgs .to co~. And U.S
:success is asSlU'ed iby t!he t!hons.Mtds 'h_o lh:a:ve ll:le..en ~t
~'0
~~le'd Ot~·s't<o'(l;·n. Ther-e is ltJbce v~ by rsbow of
iin illie ciitii·e s Wihe.J\e it !has lllk\early lbeen lib:owa
ha'Itd ' . ~rom ''l'~gihlt lt'O lett it:Jbe 'Clilltr'er.a. IIJ.'liln<gs over ltilre
in produeUan. Tbe photography Is by Fr-ed Siegert,
�238
The West .e rn Comrade
The Intercollegiate socialist Society
,
By E. ·E . H ITC. HCO.CK
81GN.IFICANC.E OF A .STUDENT M OVEMENT
Ha·v e you ever realized the significance of. a student
movement?
Take for instance, the Jap student. He comes, as
David Gordon Graham once pointed out, to pay in this
country for one and to learn enough for two. Then he
goes back to remake Japan In sixty years. In California
he holds leases. In the "Cruise of the P iffle" we meet
him. In brief, be is well nigh ubiquitous, bids fa ir to
bet:lome omniscient. and thereby omnlpotent.
Consider also the stu.(lent in Russia. The authorities
there have filled up Siberia with free-thinkers. and him.
Just recently his father-country has been burning Tolstoy's books. 0, land of oxen-people, quaking Gzars
and as piring students- where nothing seems to live but
stud ents !
As for France, who has not with Hugo and the Pari sian s tudents built barricades in the city streets and
rough t ovet· the tops of them; or gone with Dumas and
Freuch students of an earlier time to secret, revolutionary gatherings until the very empire rocked? The
stru cture of the present Republic of France, after the
edifice of the decadent nobility had been razed, was
erected with a cornerstone filled largely with student
deeds and the novel wine of Rosseau's thinking.
But the blessedness of singularity belongs perhaps
to the German student. A common notion of him is a
fu ll personed, heavy thoughted individual who reports
to his university once every six months for examination,
and In the Interim whiles away his time with cheese
and beer, music halls, and broadsword duelling. Four
millions of Socialists in Germany, however, would indicate that he s pends part of his time in reading "Das
Kapital."
And lly the way, Marx was a student. After leaving ol'f the mere bagatele of getting a doctorate of
philosophy from the universities of Bonn and Berlin, and
after seeing- through his novitiate as editor of the Neue
llhelnish e Ze itung. he settled down to serious work in
the university of books of the British Museum and in the
concentrated; universal lt'fe of London around him.
There, as you know, with his sacrificing wife near him,
and with Engels for his life-long friend, in poverty of
body and richness of intellect. he formed the arguments
of the worldng class man. He there applied economic
and evolutionary explanation to capitalism.
row students are both matriculated and unmatriculated ; and. tb..e thing of real significance about the present student movement Is that, through Marx, the workIngman everywhere has become at least an unmatricula.ted student. Unlike his fellow, the black slave of time
past, within the limits prescribed by his pittance..a week
and his hours of labor, he has some privileges. He is
rending and thinking, questioning and arguing. He is
sending his boy and his girl to college to learn in that
upper class workshop how capitalism shapes his
shackles.
In aus\Yer partly to the demand of these sons and
daughters, duly ar1•lved at its-portals,-but more .perha-ps
to satlsify the intellectual dilettante and the. fashionable
seeker after culture. the college, in m!mY instances, has
vouchsafed a place for Socialism in the curriculum. It
has been crowde~ in, a mid the must of Latin and the
decay of Old Romance, along with shop,.work, eugenics,
aeronautics and ~ther- ·matters vital to our modern life.
But more or less truthfully, in general it ·may be said,
tl].at Socialism as taught ·in fo~al manner by a college
faculty is hn:ndled ;without throb of life and far frpm
contact with the ·thing itself-like chemistry without
chemicals and botany wit~o';'t botanizing. Or worse
still, it is surrounded . by "a killing frost" and "that doth
end it."
Since the reality has oft entimes been thus lacking,
the sons and daughters beforetnentioned, and these sons
and daugli.ters, frierrds and sympathizers have elected
to make the world their laboratory ·and go out after the
reality. One of them th::-ougb "The intercollegiate Socialist" published by ' themselves, exclaims to his costudents.
"Hark! Have you caught the warning in the wind. that
sweeps the world?
Or have your ears qeen deaf to it, and have your eyes
been turned
So fixedly upon the past, that rouoo about you whirl~d
Unnoticed and unheeded the revolt 'of the earth's
Spurned?
You shall not long stay blind to it; -they cannot long
shut out
With ivied wall and book and gown, the living world
beyond."
With a spirit such as this in the colleges. the sons
and daughters, friends and sympathizers of the Socialist
movement have organized the Intercollegiate Socialist
Society. To borrow a simile from.the mood of one who
hates each Socialist thought, the thing has spread !Ike
"devil grass"; and wherever it has sent forth a Socialist
runner or tongue, it has formed a new center of radicals.
So that today in Berkeley or in Harvard the under-graduate interested at all in the matter can h~ar the professorial critic "answered · directly by the Sociallst
orator."
A student movement such as this has profound significance. It indicates that a large share of student
energy is being directed to the conquest of one of the
most noteworthy subjects of the time-being; that this
interest is becoming well nigh universal; and soon in
thorough earnest may be knowing and powerful enough
to sweep the present capitalistic economic system into
the dustpan.
"What," you exclahit, "these students are not meeting to incorporate their society, with a patent on guillotines?"
,
"No, worse than that," I hear a plutocratic :riend
retort. "They are trying to steal our power, and what
we are pleased to call our prerogatives, with their VQtes;
and we don't know how to stop them. _If th_ey only
\vounr--piofor·ao-· somethfug desperate~ But they are
only reading and arguing, thinking and voting."
�The Western Comrade
239
•·
..
HERE'S KNOWLEDGE
VERY r eader of this magazine-and everyone else, for that matter-who read
"What 's Wrong With the NPwspaper
Game," published last month, should now- pro.cccd to buy P earson 's l\1agazine for O<:!tober
and read ther ein an article by Arno Dosch,
entitled " The Romance of 'Legitimate' Advertising."
1t climaxes " What 's '\Vrong With the
Newspaper Game." As that article dealt mostly with the goings-on in the editorial room, so
t his reveals what happens in the display advertising department. It develops that "Romance '' is a word that aptly describes most'
daily newspaper advertising. Only there are
harsher words that many will use when they
r ead Mr. Dosch's article.
If you are a woman and have ever bought a
marked down dress, or if you are a man and
have ever bought a $3 shirt for $1.95 this article will interest you. Buy P earson 's and read
it. And while you have t he magazine in hand
it will clear up some other phases of economic
rottenness to read Charles Edward Russell's
"·Railroad Bunk."
• • •
THE LAST HOPE
·
ONG before the tariff bill was finally
passed by the Democratic Congress, to
the satisfaCtion of the Democratic Presr- ·
dent, the press of the country began to talk
about the next big t.ask-tJ1e task that will face
Congress when t he r egular session b egins in
December.
The program for t he r egular session lists
t he trust question first and f.oremost. It will
be th e big issue. And there are a great many
who b elieve that the Democratic administration must stand or fl!ll on its trust legislation
r ecord.
Of course, whateYer legislation there is will
aim to be mer ely of a palliatiYe nature-and
ther e is; among Socialists, an overwhelming
doubt as t o- wheth er :'it -wiU- palliate: --'l'he -So-
.cialis knows that the only remedy is the revo·l utionazy program of Socialism which demands
the p~blic _ownership apd de~ocratic manage'ment o~ t~e ..means of production and distribution.
''But that . is not the point just now. ',l'he
point is that a surprisingly large numb.e r of
newspapers · and periodicals appear' to r ealize
that,. the· profit system must meet its doom if the
Democrats cannot find a way to save it . T.hey
seel!l to realize that we have arrived at the parting of.the ways. They seem to r ealize that conditions as -they are cannot continue and that
the only hope of the system lies in the miracles
:that. the Democrats are expected to work.
.The thinking people of the country are edging nearer to the Socialist philosophy. They
are lpoking over our way and they are wondering whether Wilson will save them from coming
clear over. But Wilson will work no miracles.
He doesn't tote the knockout punch for Uncle
Trusty! At least .he doesn't possess the cure
for the ills th.a t Uncle Trusty has brought. That
is the Socialists' open secret !
• • •
THE FOO.D PROBLEM
U
U
NUMBER · of English scientists, memhers of ~ section of the Brit.ish Associa. tion for the Advancement of Science, listened the other day to a lecture by H. N. Dickson, th eir president. Prof. Dickson told his
audience that t he · f ut ure geograph er will have
as his field th e vital qu estions of supplying and
d istributing food · and clothes to th e world.
The professor f ea red that, unleiS th ere is
soon to b e a hastening to systematize and intensify the world 's producti ve resom·ees, we
sl1all find ourselves on th e verge of star vation.
The matter of a wh eat shortage is t he first cause
of worry, according to this learned man.
It may be unfair to challenge the professor
at so great a distance, but it r eally must be
done.
The man is right about the short~ge of
things we need, but we cannot bring ourselves
-to f ie1 alarmed about l li.e- caPacity of th e earth- -- --- -------·
�..
_
..
Everything is out of orde r . Nothing is ane.
t<~ produce in plenty fur some considerable
number of years to come. T he thing that is Pro.duetiq:n is for pl'ont. The probletn of p r of
pressing is the need of readjusting our methods tecting the food upply is not 3: problem of beof dj.stribution.
•
•
ing able to get the earth to produce e nough n
Millions of people already f eel the pinch of million y·e ar hence. It i to properly distribute
lack of food and clothes. But that is not be- __ what th-e earth produces now. It is a prob lem
cause not enough is produced. It is b-ecause of wresting the eart h away f r om the r e t rieting
an insane economic system denies t hem ·- the h;a.nds of great wealth and turning it f r ee to
right to what 18 produced. It may be t hat some the people who a~:e starving today, in thi hour
futu r e age will find the p eople of the earth un- and mjpute.
The·Socialist party and not the learned men
able to wrest from the grc~mnd enough to silstain the life of all, but if that t ime ever cowes of long-named scientific societ ies, _presents to
t he 'world the solution of this problem. And
it will be ages from now. ;
But the time is upon us when p eople cannot_ the ·s -ocialist party has a way of summing ~p
get enough to sustain life because someb-o dy the remedy in a short, sn appy, direct, hard-hiq
else will not let them have it-or the chance to t ing sentence that is fam ili ar to millions. That
earn it. And, if seience views t he r emote ch~nce sentence is: "The public ownership and demof peo ple star-v ing b ecause th e earth will not ,oCI·atic management of the means of pi·oductlon
prodw·e enough as a startliug m enace, why is and distribution." And back of that li ttle
not sc· ietH:e co ncern ed oYer a condition that sentence is a great philosophy ;:md a liter ature
eo m pels p eople to starve because they cannot . t hat ranks second to none in a ll the history of
t he world. Prof. Dickson might find it of inget what the ea rth Jo es produ ce 1
Th e first proul em to solve is the problem of te t·est.
starntti on touny. l\Iost peopl e will be p er fectly wi lliu g to cease worryin g about wh at may
GUARD THE CHILD
linppt' ll a mil lio11 yea rs hence-- and besid es, they
·
HE huma n or ga nism is a ha1·d fig htin g
w ill 1hen he in a po ·ition to r eally conserv e the
aggregation of enct·gy. Else how could
fruit of 1he earth so that th e future menace
it
survi,·e the ri gors of modern eity life1
mny be r ea lly studietl aud prepared for.
Thousands
of babies arc born in every la1·ge
Today milli ons of p eopl e a1·e uuabl e to do
American
city
every y ear. Of c_oursc, a large
a ny thin g to i11 crcasc th e production of th in gs
per
cent
of
t
hem
d ie, but also a large p er cent
good to cat and wear. P rivate ownership of
of
th
em
live.
That
t h ey do live is wond erful.
t he mcm1s of produetion and distribu t ion stands
R eared in squalor, fed on dirt, exposed to
as a bar to thci1· d e. ire to work. So th ey j oin
a
thousa-r!d
d angers, contaminated with poisons
t he lll' lllY of t he un employed, an a rmy that has
on
every
hand
, y et th ey struggle through to
come int o .bein g in the last fifty yea rs. lls
some
sort
of
maturity.
g rO\\'th has been in proportion to th e g rowth of
'l'hrough ' childhood th ey gr·ow up in spite of
th e 1t·u t syst em of pt·oductiolL
Over the face of th e earth millions of acres filthy milk and aJulterat ed foods. Th ey take
of hmd lie uutou ched. Other millions li e wast- into their little systems all of th e ~o_iso_ns that
in r• iu the semi-idleucs of improper cu Jti ,-ation. a shrcw·d a nd profit-hungry commerc1al!snf can
The p!'Ofit sy tern absolutely prevents saue till- find to put into their food andth eir dainties.
I ce cr eam is brought to th em by the street
age of t he land, just as it prevents sane citybuilding. \\ c live in a mad-hou e jumble and peddler-ice cr eam that is innocent of cr eam
jargou. W e ari e each day to take a gr·ab- and guilty of almost everything else. 'fhey
chaucc for a bite to eat and enough to pay the eat chocolate that is little more than flavored
• 1;ent. For a few- hours at night we r etire f r om · dirt, pickles dipped in acid, "soda pop " that is
the edge of th e battle line; and then we go aerat£:d poison and a score of other infantile
back for another plunge in t he mael trom. delights freighted with coal tar products and
Meanwhile the ystem hand · into the keeping various other preser vative and artistic fakeries.
of a -very few the ownership of tlle major porNo one will deny t hat a la rger proportion
tion of th :produet oi"'t-l1e-many.
· -- - - ohmr chitdr~n would grow to mat urity, st.r ong-
• • •
�241
The Western Comrade
er mentally, pbysic~ly and morally, if foods
No doubt the articles will be of in-t erest, but
were pure and if th~re were sufficient of light there is a ·rc lothes problem much nearer to us
and pure air.
all that is of far greater interest. lt is the
All of this is outside the great child labor problem of every working girl and it is, how
problem which · adds i ts heavy weight to the· much is made out of the clothes she wears.
LUI·den of the child.
· It is not the fashionable dressmaker that is
All of these child menaces are due to t~e ~aking the money out of her, .b ut it is the
profit system. Not one of these burdens is w:oo en trust and the great cotton mills of the
placed upon the shoulders of the little one tor east. And the profit· h ere is so vast that this
joy. Th e manufacturer of rotten foods doesn't magazilui .cannot even undertake to venture an
pursue his nefarious way hecause lie would . estimate.
rather do that than anything else. He does it
The pitiful feature of the case is · th~t t he
for profit. Th e employe1· of ch'ildreu doesn't profit of the master class comes from both ends
employ ~ hildrcn_ because h e lov es to have them ·of the trade~from the producet· and fro m the
arou nd his factoi·y. He employs them because consumer. The producer of wool, the worl\ ers
he c-a11 make a profit by so doing. 'l'h e man '"ho fas.h ion the wool into fabric into -\vhich a
wh o sells diluted milk, or preserved Iililk, or liber al mixture of shoddy is inj ected; the thou~
poison etl. milk doesn't do it because he likes to sands of cotton mill operatives who tend the
fed that his product is causin g suffering and batteries of looms-all these arc cxploitc~. t_o
d vnth among th e litt k ones. He does it _be- the last possible p enny.
Uiuse the profit in centive drives him on.
And then the product goes through the
s\\·eat
shop and to t h e working girl who finally
The mcuace to American childh ood is tenidons
the
finished raiment. From cotton plant
hl r . Cou ld w e but comprehend it in its aggre·and
sheep
to the wear!Jr there is a trail of blood
ga l e we " ·ould not tolerate it for an instant. \Ve
and
misery.
How dram tie this story is! Row
" ·oul \l became so enraged that w e would end it
crammed
with
all of the economic problems of
in a flash . Th e trouble is that only a few r ealize th e sum total of this danger. ::-.Iillions have the day! How intimately associated in every
not even the faintest conception of it, though step with the vital p eople of the country! Bet l1 ci r own children may he among t he sufferers. sid e it ho\v puny and purposeless is the trifling
nut it is the business of those who see to $25,000 a year taken by the fashionable cosopen the eyes of the blind. The future of tumer of a handful of idling rich. F'rorn th em
America will be worhcl out tomorrow by th e is taken only a tithe of that which they in turn
babies of today. And if half of the babies of stole from oth ers. Jt doesn't matter. But that
today must come to maturity by wnniug the othet· class.. Vv ell, they are down in real, eargamut of poison and hard labor, so much the nest, fighting life. Theirs is the story!
• • •
~1\·o rse
for America tomorrow. Class conscious. ness, race consciousness, social cousciousnessTltE NEW HARPER 'S
drill these into the unawakened. Th e child
EFHESilJNG ·indeed is the new Harper's
must be rescued from t he iniquities' of capitalWe~kly with Norman Hapgood at the
ism. We who- are passing on can stand the
helm. Not a Socialist magazine, 'tis
pressure of the system if only the child can bt> true. But a far more agreeable magazine than
saved. For, after all, all nature sacrifices eve- . t~e ol<;l, moss gt·own Harper's of conservative,
rything for · the new born . Childhood must not to say reactionary hue.
have a chance!
Hapgood has brought a new type of magazine into the weekly field. To begin with he
THE· REAL STORY
has thrown convention out of his art room and
FASHIONABLE d ressmaker soon is to fi lled it with Socialists. Such well-known arid
begin a series of articles for a woman's forceful artists as John Sloane, Stuart Davis,
magazine in which she will tell how she George Bellows, Art Young and C.
H.eed are
made $25,000 a year out of the society of wom- ~~~~g__t~e regular coptributors aQd nQ_olller __ ___ _
en of New York. .
·- --- - -- - American magazine, with the exception of The
• • •
fl
E:
�242
The Western Comrade
Masses, is giv{ng to the people the vigorous art
that is found in the pages Jf the new Harper's.
For the work of these men alone the magazine
is worth getting.
The trend of the gr·eat magazines towardwell, let us say Socialism and be -done with it,
though it is hardly that-is enough to bring
the ·world around to its senses. One looks forwanl to a dozen of the leading publications
with a feeling of assurance that the work of
some Sor-inlist will be fouYd among th~ pages.
..\mo11g tir e latest of . the promising annoullt:emellts is found in Everybody's, which is
to hcgin a debate on Socialism, conducted by
l\iol'l'is IIilquitt a nd the Rev. John A. Ryan. A
touch of tir e revolution creeps into Collier's
JIOW and th en aud the :'llctropolitan we have
come to look upon as a stand-by, of course. It
is 11ot too mueh to say that some of the finest
aud deepest
COiltcmporary Socialist history
is being m·ittcn in the pages of capitalistically
Ol\'lll'<l publicat iolls.
of
•X-RAIMENT
• •
liE boll! hastic 11ature of some men is nowhere showll to a greater degree of perfection than in their attempts to dictate
the manner of dress that women shall or shall
not wear.
Of late we have heard niuch about the
styles of dress for wom e n~and we have seen a
considerable, as well. Some of the dresses worn
IJy \\'Om en, it is true, are of exceedingly flimsy
mnlerial and JJOW and th en the graceful shadolr~rnph of the und erncaths may be gl impsed.
But it is difficult to understand just how or
wh cu it became the duty of masculinity to censor the apparel of femininity, even though here
and there a hit of X-raiment is flaunted to the
gentle breeze.
Pt~rhaps man raises his Yoice in pP<l'tcst just
to show what a rc~tlly well-rounded hypocrite
h e can be ou occasion.
It is safe to say that the problem of woman 's
dress is _not going to be solved by men. 1\Ten
haYc enough to do with it now., the popular conception of the village dressmaker to the contrary not"·ithstanding.
H there is asininity in woman's dress it is
not beca use the good sense of woman put it
t hcr·c, bt1t rather because the profit system put
it there. Profit and the profit-incentive works
in more than one way in reg;:trd to dress. Dress
has become a mark of station, a sort of broadcloth Bradstreet, so to speak. '\Y ealthy persons
try to denote their socia!' position by dress. So
we must have styles-and many of them,
Styles are the boon of the clothes purveyors
-and they encourage many styles. The profit
in the game looks good to them. And clothes
that outrage the scuses of some persons cannot
help but result.
There are not many evils today that do not
have their root right down in the muck of the
profit system. And in the face of thrt it is
foolish and puerile for a man here ana there, .
C\'Cil though he be a ch ief of police, to think
that he can dictate what women shall wear. Of
course it is possible to conceive a costume that
\\·ou ld be a social outrage, and justly meriting
suppression, but in most cases it is chiefly the
bombast and th e dictator that is in man that
leads to these foolish attacl\S on woman's atti re. Man had better take a look no\\· and then
at some of his own sar·torial ins.anities, of " ·hich
he has quite enough, thank you.
m
• • •
THE HONOR OF MEN
UCH comment has lJeen aroused oYer the
action of lll inois ptison aut hori tics in
putting men at work in the open "on
their honor '' and without guards. In beginning this new prison departure th e authorities
p~t a company of fo rty-fil-e convicts nt "_.or·k on
the roaJs absolutely " ·ithou t guards and bound
only by th eir "·orcl to r eturn to the institution.
'\Vhile " ·e look wit.h gratification npon this
lllinois experiment we may go furthe r and recall the work of the l\Iilwaukee Socialists in
the same direction. Upon their first election to
office in Milwaukee mdtc than eight years ago
1he Socialists turned their attention to the men
behind the bars of the county prisons. Upon
gainin g sufficient power they purchased a beautiful farm on the outskirts of the city and three
years ago the first experiment with honor men
was made. Eighteen long term prisoners " ·ere
tal\cn from the house of correction and placed
on the farm. Th ere those. n1cn r emained, tilling
the soil and reaping the ctops - wonderful
crops they were, too - with nothing to hold
them to the farm but their honor as men. Not
�The Western Comrade
243
a man left the farm. Not a man broke his word. workingman, but the fact was that engine
That experiment, born .of the dreams of the brakes previously condemned had fai}.ed to
Socialists, was the beginning of the end· of the ' work.
old-time prison in Milwaukee county. And SoOf 2,288 passenger cars operated by the
cialists everywhere view "the man who has com- Ne~ Haven only thirty-one are all steel and of
mitted crime in the same light. He is still a the wooden cars more than a thousand are over
huma n being-and the old kind of punishment, twenty.fi:ye years old llnd some are fifty years
th e kind that has failed so tragically~must go. old and were used to transport troops during
the Civil war.
The officia}s may blame workingmen for
JOE CANNON
wrecks if they like, but in the face of the facts
OE CANNON wants to come back. He labor stands clear. The real specter behind the
"·ants to go to congress again. And may- New Haven wrecks that have killed seventybe he will. Nobody knows. But he one and maimed 442 in eighteen collisions or
ought not to.
derailments in two years is capitalism. One
encle Jo e belongs to the age of yesterday. r eally cannot see how the safety of New Haven
His id C'as arc the ideas of yesterday and of the passengers could be menaced greatly if the-.
day hcfore yesterday. H e doesn't fit in any profit incentive and the stock juggling lure
lougc r, enn \rith the bourgeoisie.
were -ivithdrawn frQ.m . New Haven operations.
U nc:l e J oc is r eact ionary, facing into the day Still there are those who doubt the desirability
that has go ne. A strong, fighting sort of a of public ownership and democratic operation
l!lan, his ener gy is \rasted. He is swinging his for the service of the people.
ar111s in the air. lie doesn't understand today
and th e problem~ of today.
LA
WYERS NOT WANTED
"\ml 1"ncl c .J oc must pass into the discard.
l
A
WYERS
and Fred C. Wheeler do not
I [C' 'nw y he elcd cd again hut he willncnr really
mix w ell. Wheeler, in his capacity of
<·O IIH! ha r·k.
Th r re is nothing for him to come
Socialist councilman for the city of J.1os
hat"k t o.
Angeles, does not like the. quibbling, t echnicality-tied, trap-setting methods of the lawyers.
-THE DEATH SPECTER
When a case is to he heard before a council
T is rath er fashionable for railroad ofcommittee
at which ·wh eeler presides the lawficials to cred it labor with the r f'sponsiyers,
for
once,
are silent. Of course, following
hility for disasters wh en they occur. But,
unl"ortunatf•ly for the railrqad officials, th() pl"t'cedcnt, whielf is their mainstay in life, they
l"ads han• an llnc-om[ortahlc way of coming to appear br.forc him out of habit. But h e announ ces at the b eginning of each h earing at
~h<· front.
After the latest (providing there has been whi ch lawyers arc present, that there will be
none during the time required for this maga- no legal battles before his committee. They
zine to go to press) New Haven wreck in which have to subside.
Jt is something n ew, this practice of \Vhecltwenty-one were killed and fifty injmed, the officials said with great solemnity that the train- cr 's. It is typical, hot h of Socialist; and of
m en were to blame. But the fact was that on this one Socialist. Here the truth gets a chance
that particular divisionthe antiquated "banjo" to flow unrestrained and unstimulated. Things
are natural. And the big philosophy and the
si gna I system still was in operation.
big heart of the man go straight to the root of
_A, t Bridgeport on the same road on July 12,
things
iri a way that makes Old Lady ConJ 9 11 , t\\·eh c \\·ere kiiled and fifty injured.
vention
shudd er and fear for the safety of the
Trainmen were blamed, but investigation
nation.
showed that the long cross-overs required for
Is it too much to picture a day wh cri all
safety were not there.
At Stamford on June 12, 19la, six were tmth shall have a chance for such freedom of
kill ed and twenty injured. Officials blamed a expression 1
•
•
• • •
•
•
�244
The Western Comrade
By
ELEANOR 'WENTWORTH
SOLIDARITY
There is a spirit in the world, like which there is
no other. It is the oldest spirit in the universe, grown
hardy and eourageous with the years. It is the youngest
spirit in the universe, as full of bloom and shy promise
as tlw newly sprung violet. It is the tenderest spirit in
the univeroe. binding the hearts of the sorely IJressed
with animate bonds of a conimo'n hopefulness. It is
the sternest spirit in the univers"'e, enJi\·ening the onward flux of humanity- with an indomitable will that
heeds 110 o!Jslaeles. It manifes ts itself in a thousand
different places in ·as many different ways and whereH'r it appPars, it is daunlless- this Spirit of Solidarity.
From 1imP 11 ilhout lwginning, it has marked the
progreos of all tllings Ji·1·ing. all things moving. Million !'; of y('a rs ago, when driv en by inexorable forces,
nelmlar worlds !Jpgan th e proeess of becoming whirling
SJlhert•s, it was master of ee r enwni es. It was the guiding star of adY entu reso me cells, which attempted th·e
a chie1·ement of new forms of life. In all ages in times
of dangPr, it was th e savior of myriads of creatures.
Today it is mon~ than <'1'('1' the harbinge r of safety.
It guides the airy flights of wild ducks, storks and
sparrows in their migralions north and south; it draws
together hNds of elephants; it direc ts the armi es of
locusts and potato !.Jugs; it dw e lls in the little underground ant citadels and in the hives of l.Jees.
In the world of human creatures, it is even more a
factor. In a sense one might say that human history is
the history of lilt> march of the Spirit of Solidarity. Beginning- with th e mPagre nuc!Pus of a few individuals,
it spread lo th e elan, the tril.Je. the nation and the class,
changing its character aC"cord in g to the g roup in which
it €x ist ed. Th e story of its s pread is a romance of
the rarPsl kind. which demonstrates time and lime
again, sometimls by joyous realizations, sometimes l.Jy
tragic failures. that Safety, Power and Progress are always accompanie d by Solidarity. This knowledge is
ours to cherish and in time it will prove to be the k ey
to th e gate of the Garden of Happiness.
Jn the days of mankind' ~ infancy, it was in the
woman's heart that this spirit was born. Or rather,
:She l.Jroughl it with her from lower forms as the he ritage
.of motherhood. The protective instinct of the mother,
which she exercised in th e dear duti es of feeding the
young to whom she had given life, in clothing them
and teaching them, was the first manifestation of this
spirit which has presided over our every forward step.
The agricultural indus try, growingt .out of these
efforts of women. developed a tangible and extensive
foundation upon which this s pirit could build. It not
only opened a field of co-operation for women, but also
drew men ~nto the raRks of productive labor, whereas
b efore their activities had rbeen entirely predatory. The
ad1·ent of men as productive beings heralded the birth
of a new spi rit of solidarity and the gradual disappearance of the old. The combative nature of the male,
which asserted itself even while at constructive work,
upset the harmony of that first solidarity. embracing
everyone within the tribe and introduced instead the
solidarity of classes. Before the social scheme had
bee.n "we all work for each other"; it then became a
scheme of "they all work for me." And so it has reqJ.ained to this day, each man riding rough-shod over all
obstacles in the atte~pt to be the "me" and have as
many "theys" under him as possible.
This ·c1a,ss solidarity, the solidarity of the oppressors
against the oppressed and the solidarity of the oppressed against the oppressors, has gained ground decade by decade and century by century all during the
past two thousand years. Having arisen in the obscurity
of the hearts of th e first prisoners of war, who were
made slaves instead of being slaughtered, and travers1
ing through the trying vicissitudes of the lives of Greell.
and Roman s laves and mediaeval serfs, it Is today, in
the heart of the modern wage slave a militant sp.irit,
stronger than any mass spirit that has eYer existed.
But th is class solidarity reached women very seldom.
They were slaves alike among the mighty and the downtrodde n. the conquerors and the conquered. They were
often shut off from communication even with their own
kind and were always secluded from the rest of the
world, so that an expression of the mother spirit in
the institutions of socie ty was impossible.
All those bygone centuries wero sad· ones for wome n. \\'e still have_ re.G,qrds of their struggles against
the suppression of their dearest hearitage; also how
they suffered when it was written on the pages of history that ' l\light should rule. But time and necessity
reconc iled them in a measure, so that they allowed
thdr social feeling to smoulder l.Jeneath the surface or
tried pitifull y to l'eep it alive by service in the limited
sphere or their families. The great wonder is that the
poor s moth ered spirit, born to fly like the eagle and
forced to era wl like the snail. has not died in the hearts
of the majority of women. Dut in spite of the dirt of
subjection pile d npou it, in spite of the poisonous air
of competition whi ch it has breathed for so long, it yet
li l'es, and 1\ihere there has been one Cleopatra, one
Fulvia, and one l\largaret of Anjou, there have been
t housands of mothers, sisters and wives keeping the
sac red flam e smouldering l.Jy their hard, e arn est senice.
And at last in this twentieth century the changes in
our social and economic life are remo1·ing th e obstacles
to th e free expression of the mother spirit, which longs
for Human Solidarity. So, today, when men are trying
with might and main to bend their combative natures
to constructive tasks and organizaWJns in order that
they may r eap the reward of the material riches which
the labor of the ages has accumulated; today when
classes forced to unity on the one hand and to combat
on the other. make the whole world tremble with th e
roar of battle, it is the great privilege of womankind
to nurture thi s beautiful, gentle little creature, who for
tbe most part is overlooked in the heat of the class
struggle--Human Solidarity. Dy one of those strange.
yet sweet r ecompenses of history; we, who for many a
dark day · ha 1·e been di Yided against each other,· who
were sometimes the cau e and again tjle victims of
bitter antipathies, shall today sow deeper and reap
sooner than any others, the harvest of our efforts in
behalf of Soltdarity. In this, the hour of the world's
great need, it is our fortune to be among ~he' foremost
rescuers.
�The Western Comrade
To what may one compare the joy that is ours at
once more fully expressing our individualities?
The Israelites, entering the Pj"omised Land after
long marches through desolate or hostile countries,
strewn with the bones of their noblest ana fairest, knew
no joy greater than ours, as we breathe agafn thE! free,
clear air of fellowship.
The green young things of Spring, pushing arduously
through the turf after the dreary confinement: of winter
feel no keener delight than we as we test <;mr powers
so long dormant.
.
No joy of realization that the world .has ever known
is greater than ours as we feel the fire of Solidarity
again leaping to full flame within us, as we begin to
work for the world which we have seen struggling painfully and confusedly for so long, while we were powerless to assist.
It is so great. this joy, that we cannot contain it ·
within ourselYes. We must shcut it aloud to the world
an d beg that the world believe also and feel also.
It h'appens, therefore, that while we are eager to
render assistance to the class or cause that may need
Hs most-the class or cause that is in the rig·ht, 'because
it makes for progress-we do not bear the banner of
any special group. The banner we wave in the winds
has written on it, in the golden letters of Hope~"ONE
HUMANITY."
PREVENTION OR CURE
The follo1ying is an extract from an article printed
iu a recent iss He of a Hearst paper:
"It is a fact. deplorable but true, that a very large
proportion of tll'e blindness in the United States begins
in infancy. It is often due to some taint in the parent,
but that does not affect the resu lt, which is easily pre,· entable.
"It is proYen that blindness among infants can be
pasily preYented l:)y proper treatment immediately after
birth . If a few drop s of a solation of nitrate of silver
IJe put into each eye of th e infant jHst after it is born,
245
blindness of this .type will be prevented. The treatment with nitrate of silver will not do any harm to the
eyes of any infant. sa it is only an act of wise precaution to treat every infant, without exception, with these
few drops that will act as ·an absolute preventive of this
awfal misfortune.
"In Germany and other parts of Europe it is tlle .
law that every· physician must use the solution of silver
nitrate upon the eyes of every child that he brings into ·
the world-and this under penalty of a heavy fine.
" There is nothing more pitiful than the blind child,
and if we can make it impossible by so simple a precaution as this, why is it not done?"
At first glance this plea seems very laudable. But
can it bear up under close scrutiny? Does it propose a
fundamental remedy or only the treating of effects?
Most emphatically, it proposes only the latter.
Science that is directed toward the curing of effe::ts
instead of eradicating causes is certainly science misapplied or is no science at all. So this lalnent for the
protection of our young generation is about as sensible
as the charity cure for poverty or the fresh-air cure
for tubercu losis, after long hout:s of confinement and
overwork have wrought ruin to the system. It is as
sensible as any quack cures or quack reforms that
treat effects instead of causes.
There is a much better way to preserve the eyesight of our babes than an eye bath with a solution
of nitrate of silver-a much better way, which would
prese!'l'e not only their eyesight but the vigor of their
whole bodies; also mental and moral health. That
way is to work with might and main to remove the
causes of venereal diseases and all other preventable
diseases which are malicious to the welfare of the human race. That way is to put an end to exploitation,
which is the dire ct cause of practically every widespread disease from which• society suffers today. The
better way, the only sensible way is to end the profit
system and substitute Socialism therefor.
"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure."
PLAYS. PLAYmS"PLAMI6m
By M. LOUISE GRANT
A very few of t he plays which are born on the Pacific Coast and travel eastward when the first flush of
you th is ove r may, in their maturity, eve n reach England. The reverse direction of travel is, however, the
usua l one. A large part of the past New York season's
~ucces ses were London importations. Plays which mad e
good there during the winter and spring of 1911-12
have held our eastern board s during the year 1912-13,
and some of these not already seen in the West will appear there du_ring the coming season.
It is worth waiting two years for a play by George
Bernard Shaw- if it cannot be seen any sooner, and
"!''annie's First Play" is his crowning dramatic achievement to date. After the number· of its performances in
London had reached the half-thousand mark it sti11 ran
on with public enthusiasm unabated, until it seemed
as though - th.e th eater goers of the world's metropolis
wou ld refuse to relinquish it until its author should
give them another one. Despite this devotion, it is said
in England that Shaw is more appreciated in the States
than at home; and sti11 the English continue to poke
fun at American taste! "'
The play is a compound of Shavian complexitiesthe author at his best and his subtlest. Shafts of wit.
satire, and truth flash past one another with the snapping rapidity of wireless sparks. It is a play within a
play, yet the audience is assured by an authority on
dramatic ingredients as uncorrupted by modernity as
Aristotle himself, that neither one part alone nor botb
parts together rea11y constitute a play. The piece di vides itself into three parts: an introduction (medlaev-·
ally termed a prologue), which quite effaces the nineteenth century from history i-n respect to the appreciati on of art, beauty, r efinem ent, and all things else that
count in the life esthetic; a three-act center=.ni~
the actual play of Fannie-which exposes and ridicules,
as Shaw delights to do, the du11, smug complacency and
hyprocisy of English middle-class respectability'; and
�246
The Western Comrade
an epilogue, which stabs the critics of toifrl.y with knifeedged shafts. Never was a denunciation of the "dull
brood" more merdlessly keen, and never so audaciously
accomplished as here, through a criti&l discussion of
the author himself. ·Shaw's exact status in the public
eye at the present moment is faultlessly portrayed. To
review or criticize the play, therefore, would be merely
a work of supererogation. lt can only be commended
with admiration as one of the great events of recent
theatrical years.
"Milestones" is another record-breaking English
success. During its run at the Royalty Theater in Lon:don the houses were regularly sold out for a fortnight
in advance, and it seems to have made an equally good
impression he re· in the l!:ast. 'fhs m ere mention of its
two authors, Amold Bennett a.tJ Edward Knoblalich,
is sufticient to g-ive it ·a crowde. welcome as it comes
across the continent. The formc-r"s works of fiction, his
miniature 11hilosphies, ;md others of his plays- in particular, "\\'hat the l'ul.Jiic \Vants''-are so well lmown
that he seems to ha ,.e become one of us. His collaborator is an American who can always IJe counted upon
to produce something unusual and dbtinctly worth
while. Witness "Ji:ismet" and "The Farm." Thus with
one of its authors IJrimful of clever ideas and fluent
ease in ex pressing them, and the other one possessing
a knowledge of stagecraft and a dramatic instinct ~f
the highest order, "Milestones" is unique and immensely
entertaining, besides IJeing redolent of suggestions for
philosophical reflection. Each act is a milestone which
marks the years 1860, 1885, and 1912. respectively, and
the characteristics of each period are carried out in
the exte rnal trappings, and more forcefully still in the
mental attitude of the membe~s of the family whose
history forms the theme of the- play.
The c ritical period in every generation is its mating
time, and in each act the autho!l seize that moment and
play wit~ it for the amusemen1 and instruction of the
complacent twentieth-century observer, who, if he listens closely, must mingle with his satisfaction at the
almost incredible progress of mechanical invention, the
unflattering acknowledgement that human nature remains in a s tat e of stagnation. 'the characte risti cs of
.each generation are reproduced in the next, howev er
altered the environment. 'The radical in youth becomes
the conservative in maturity; the traits of the parents
despised by the children become in time th eir own inh e ritance an(! justification, and always it is the woman
who sacrifices. Three characters outlive the lapse of
the fifty-two years: two of them pass from lovers to
parents and to grand -pare nts; the third remains single.
The young man who in 1860 breaks a way from family
and business partner to stake everything on iron ships,
in 1885 condemns the id ea of steel ones, and in 1912
scoffs at the notion of air ships. Thwarted in lo,·e for
a time himself, he neve rtheless forbids any freedom of
choice to his daught e r, who in turn, after a loveless
marriage, demands of her child the same sacrifice.
The young woman of 1869 has no will of her own.
She marries at the command of her parents and becomes
her husband's slave. Her daughter, in 1685, has developed w!IJ but hicks the courage to express it; while the
daughter's child, in 1912, takes it for granted that she
is mistress of herself, and laughs at any attempt to
thwart her will. The young woman in Act I who is so
shockingly advanced for her time that she refuses to
marry the man she loves J:Jecause he will not argue
with her, finds in Act 11 no occupation as yet for the
unmarried woman, and in Act 111 is too old to take
advantage of the opened door. In 1860, in a setting
of green rep furniture decqrated with crocheted tidies,
the female characters, In hoop-skirts, discuss with wonder and admiration their new bathroom with its marvelous hot and cold running water, and speak with horror of the possibility that women will soon be riding on
the tops of buses. In 1885, old maids are still held in
disgrace as not having married merely from Jack of
opportunity, young girls are not allowed to read Ouida,
or anything more sensational than William Black, while
woman suffrage is· laughed to scorn as a momentary
fad. These and many other characteristics of the three
generations are brilliantly woven into the fabric of the
play, and the finished product is worthy of the year in
which it was written.
Whatever the diplomatic relations between England
and Germany may be at any given moment in the
present complex international situation, they find no
reflection in the artistic connections bet\veen the two
-countries. The English welcome German invasionwhen it is confined to the thea,_trical field. Consequently
both German musical comedy and legitimate dqama are
made at horne on English soil. In tiJ;Ile we inherit them.
Such is the case with "The Five Frankfurters," which
Basil Hood adapted from the GE'!'man by Carl Rossler;
a title behind which thP. house of Rothschild in 1822,
is thinly disguised. It is an easy matte r to understand
the popularity of this play in Germany, for there every
school-child is taught the story of the shrewdness and
sagacity and unanimity of purpose which enabled the
Rothschild banking house to become as great a factor
in the making of Germany as any of its dukes and
princes. That it should he as successful in its translation to English or American envi~onment is due to the
cle \·er treatment of the story and the preservation of
t~e atmosphere of its period.
'The incidents upon which the story turns are of
s ufficient authenticity to have elicited the approval of
the present head or the German branch. The scene is
laid in the famous old house of the founder of the
family, which still stands in Jew's Lane, in Frankfurt,
and is kept up by his descendants- as a museum:
monument- in a spi rit of superstitious sentiment or
sentimental superstition which is emphasized in the
play. In this "lucky house" their good fortune started,
and lienee e very act that affects them as a whole has to
be there decided. For this reason the four heads of
the family, carrying on IJusiness in the great capitals
of the world- Vienna. Naples, Paris, and London-are
summon-ed to a confer ence with the fifth in Frankfurt,
where the e ldest brother informs them that the Austrian government, in return for the remission of certain
large loans, has conferred upon them a patent of nobility with the title of Baro!jl. Somewhat overcome by
the di stinction, the ambitions of the eldest mount higher,
and he plans to marry his beautiful daughter to a reigniag German duke whose exchequer needs replenishing.
How the daughter herself defeats his purpose forms the
Jove e lement in the story. The various personalities in
the play are clearly depicted; filial respect and racial
pride are accentuated, while the strong common sense
of the sons is shown to be an inheritance from their
mother. The attitude of sovereigns in 1822 toward their
Jewish subjects and also toward the advance of democratic principles is well brought out; and the house furnishings, and · the customs of the periods- flowing trous ers and gaudy long-tailed coats of red and -yellowmake a quaint and interesting accompanim.:>nt to the
dialogue.
�The Western Comrade
247
Ry EMANUEL JULIUS
AS
TO
BREVITY-
Americans appear to be suffering from two manias.
First, they are bath mad. Second, they are possessed
with an insane desire to be brief. Neither of these aliments is serious, so the precious institutlo'Iis and holy
traditions of our fair land are in no danger-at l ~ast,
from these particular manias. Of course, when I .s~y
the Americans are bath mad, I do not expect the people
to reform by allowing America's choicest specimens of
rral estate to gather under their finger nails. Not at
all. I am merely trying to say that a good thing may
be carried altogether too far. Howeyer,. it is with
brevity l am more concerned and which I sincerely believe bas been the means of making many of our writers
quite ridiculous. The epigrammatic life is al,l well and
good when it is sandwiched between healthy, thorough
chapters, but if works great harm when it takes exclusive possession of these United States of Literature that
Hugh Thompson speaks about. I like a writer to stick
to the point, but he can be so brief that he often succeeds in eliminating the point.
Isaac F. Marcosson, writing of Walter Hines Page,
in The Bookman for September. tells a number of intPresting things about the new American ambassador
to Great Britain, who was until recently editor of Th'e
World's Work. Mr. Marcosson tells us that Mr. Page
is a great lover of brevity. One day, Mr. Page was discussing an article with a contributor.·
"I think I can cover it in twenty thousand words,"
said the writer.
"That's too long," said Mr. Page.
"But it's impossible te t ell it in less," protested the
man.
The editor sat silent for a moment. Then with the •
utmost gravity he remarked:
"It IS possible, my friend. Have you ever stopped
to realize that the story of the creation of the worldthe biggest news item that ever happened-was told in
a single paragraph'?"
So goes Mr. Marcosson's anecdote. Of course, it's an
old one and has been credited to Horace Greeley, Charles
A. Dana, Arthur Brisbane and every other editor who
has succeeded in getting "pieces in the papers" about
his pe1·sonality. It's an old one, and I didn't like it
when I first heard it back in the days when I was
Just getting ready to have the measles.
In the first 800 words of Genesis we are told all
about the creation of heaven and earth,'\-of the light, _of
tb e firmament, of the earth separated ftom the waters.
ancl made ,fruitful. of the sun, moon and- stars, of fish and
fow l, of beasts and cattle, of man in the image of God,
of the appointment of food. This, I maintain, is carrying brevity too far. The story was underplayed. I am
of the opinion that the city editor should have appreciated the fact that this was the biggest news item that
e,·er happened; so, instead of sending one of his cubs
to report .a story which was of far greater interest than
the sinking of the Titanic he should have rushed his
C(lpy boy to a nearby saloon to drag the star reporter
to his senses, for here was a story really worth while,
a story of great human interest that was worth more
than a stingy paragraph.
Now, if I had been city editor of The Bethlehem Herald, I would have sworn a blue streak If a cub reporter
had dared bring in such a poor story. In fact, I would
have ca!]ped him on the spot for permitting The
Nebucba"''rnezzar Times to scoop The Bethlehem Herald,
a paper of far greater circulation, sworn to before a;
notary, and which prints more want adjs than The Jerusalem Clarion, The Assyrian Weekly Trumpet. The
Babylonian Daily News and The Phillipian Searchlight
combined. I would have go~e out .on the story myself
and I wouldn't have stopped even to catch my breath
until the story had been covered in a proper manner,
thus saving the r eputation of an established newspaper
that prints more · national advertising than any three
newspapers combined.
I would have got a number of interviews, for they
help make a story "stand up." A careful reading of Mr.
Page's favorite news story falls to reveal a single signed
statement. I would have got a couple of good pictures,
for there's nothing like a striking Jay-out to help one's
story "get across." I would have seen to it that my
story bad plenty of descriptive passages. Take, for instance, the moment the earth separated from the waters:
there would have been a splendid opportunity for some
fine writing, with plenty of punch, snap and go. I
would have worked like blazes for exclusive tips on wh!lt
was scheduled to happen, for I'd never permit The
Bethlehem Herald to be scooped. I would have gathered
facts, figures and opinions. In othe r words, · I would
have got a good story and then, with my latest and
complete story placed alongside that 800- word paragraph written by an inexperienced cub, the world, especially America, would realize for all time that brevity is
not a virtue.
.THE NEED OF "RUFF STUFF"! believe that a little of John Masefield's " ruff stuff"
is needed by our over-cultured temperamentalists who
are enslaved by form in art; we need a raft of Whitmans. Maseflelds and Traubels to show us bow we are
chained, for we have"''orgotten that art Is expression, not
me re form. Masefield doesn't give a rap about his
rhymes nor his meters, he Is little concerned over the
ab£t!nce of a few feet here and there-he has ·something
to say, and he says it. And, despite his formlessness, he
almost instinctively gives expression to the most poetic
sentiments in a most beautiful manner. · Masefleld Is
like a diamond mine-we are in a storehouse of gems,
but we must dig patiently to sort the clay . from the
jewels.
'i'
REAL "RUFF STUFF"-
The above paragraph Is taken from !l lelter I wrote.
to ~Jeanor Wentworth, the young woman who writes
"The Woman's View" for The Western Comrade. I w.as
telling her bow glad I was to hear that I had converted
�248
The Western Comrade
her to John Masefield's .poetry. In a Jetter to me, she
delivers herself of the following:
"Oh, don't think that I shall close this lette r without
giving you a good slant. I want to say this in regard
to your comment abopt highly,strung temperamentallsts.
You just bet that is one of the things that ails you, but
what you need to get away from mere 'form' in art,
what you need to get the spirit of· it as Masefield ha.S
it and others whom you mentio~ed, is 'not to READ
about it in the works of a Whitman or a Traubel or a ·
Masefield, but to FEEL it. And to feel it, you must
LIVE it. But you yourself admitted th-at you don't care
to do that. In writing about S---, you said that you
prefer to get your experiences 'a Ia Pulhpan,' which is
the same as getting them second hand.
"But you are such a cute little person that I must
not diaturb you too much, or yon will come back with
a broadside that will annihilate ~me completely. I am
getting accustomed to -being amiihiliated by· this time,
however. The crushing remarks made by you in that
Leonard Menick debate are still a weight on me.
"Just the same, I'd love to see you have to do some
real work, build a log cabin, or cut <;lown a tree or beat
it with a cop at your heels-ot· walk up and down with
a baby that thinks it is a great joke to squall at midnight."
This talk about "living" the life· that you intend
writing about adds to the gayety of my life. Artists are
told to "live" the smelly life. In order to write about
an imbecile, must one be a half idiot? In order to write
of the playful meanderings of a murderer, must one
"live" the !He of a murderer? No, my friend, "living"
the life that you intend to use is all wrong. Artistically,
it has always been fatal. Many innocent fellows have
tri ed that novel idea and learned a fearful lesson. They
found that you can get so close to a picture ~hat you
can't see it. You ca n get so close to a mountain that
it looks like a molehill. If you want to write a poem
immortalizing the spirit of a lofty, majestic mountain,
you go off- away off, to get perspective.
So with life. In order to get its high spots and its
low spots. its passions. sorrows and pains, its sorrows
and its humors, you must move back a little. One
smell of the smelliness of the proletariat is more than
enough. Ten whiffs may accustom the artist to the
smell, and then it will be beyond him. Do you get
my point? A peep at a thing is an adventure; a !ife of
a thing is a task. The artis t must li ve his OWN life,
not the character's life. If the artist gets too close to
the life of a mine r, · he may become a miner. That
would be fata l to his art. In order to utilize the min·er
in art, the artist must not be a miner, he must be an artist. When George Moore writes of · the Great Passion,
be does n't work himself into a passion; he doesn't try
to "live' 'the passion; rather does he hold himself in
restraint, striving like a true artist to interpret the
meaning of the passion he is viewing, discove r its beauty,
its drama, its form.
It should be noticed that in my paragraph on Masefield I speak of over-cultured tempermentaiists, not of
true temperament. Temperament is an intelligent selfishness that desires environment-natural and socialto_.. be so changed that character and personality will
grow and blosSO!J1. That is why temperamental people
are so unpopular. They usually are revolutionary and
rebellious. They want things as they are to be different.
I never met a temperamental person who was content
and satisfi.ed. Is not that to his credit? What is more
valuable than an intelligent discontent? The trouble
wJth the world is-that the people are not temperamental.
They are conservative, utteriy reactionary, at times.
Being conservativ.e. they are satisfied with things as
they are. If a thing is, it must be right. With a little
temperament, .the people would not tolerate one thousandth the evils they patiently bear today. They would
make things hum. The Americans, above all others,
have not even ·a pinch of emotion or temperament; and
that's why we are fifty years behind the continental
countries, so ·. far as social reform,' art, science, and
letters are concerned. Oh, for a dash of temperament!
Ob, for a flavor of divine discontent, emotionalism!
'i'
'i'
'i'
IS IT AND WILL IT?-
Many critics, in judging a contemporary, always ask
two questions:
1. Is it Art?
2. Will the fu.ture appreciate this novel, play or
picture?
Both questions, on many occasions. have caused me
to frown in a most unladylike manner. I am reflinded
of Rudyard Kipling's "The Fivst Art Critic" :
·
When the flu sh of a new-born sun fell first on Eden's
green and gold, .
Our father Adam sat under the tree and scratched with
a stick in the mold,
And the first rud e sketch that the world bad seen was
joy to his mighty heart,
Till the devil whispered behind the leaves: "It's
pretty, but is it art?"
And since that day, the question "Is It Art?" bas
been asked of e\·ery soul that ever strived for beauty.
Is it art? We do not ask the machinist: "Is that a
machine?" Nor do w e ask the paper maker: "Is that
paper?" But, whenever we view an art ist's picture we
always begin by asking : "Is it a picture?" How aggravating! The artist's Jot is not a tempting one. Indeed, the only things we are willing to grant him are
some empty beer bottles and a string of garlic.
Ah, thet:e is no denying the truth that George Bernard Shaw is being appreciated by a discriminating
tmblic; also, there is no doubt that he is doing
wond et:fully we ll in instructing and entertaining
us, giving a we lcome, much-needed insight into . the
shams, foibles and hypocricies of present-day societyall this we grant-but what about A. D. 2047? There
is a mania for attending to posterity's own affairs.
There is a ne rvous desire on the part of many of us
to even decide what sort of clothes the women of pos terity shall wear, the books they shall not read and the
manner in which pan cakes shall be made. I prefer to
let posterity take care of itself. If I like Shaw right
now I'm going to enjoy him, posterity or no posterity.
If Shaw is good now, if be satisfies a present-day
mood, what 'tllatters whether posterity will laugh or
frown? So, when a highbrow says, "Yes, granted that
it is this and that, but is it art?" I say "Huh!" and
when he asks, " Will the future enjoy this picture?" I
say "I should worry!"
BRIEUX' "THE SCHOOL FOR MOTHERS-IN-LAW" -
Brieux' one-act semi-humorous sketch is given the
place of honor in The Smart Set fo'r Se'ptember. In
spite of the name of the author and ability of the trans lator, the sketch · gave me very little pleasure. The
moral is obvious: parents should lea ve their married
children alone if they wish to pt:ese.r..'l'e peac.e..an!Lhar.mony. Could anyone take a more commonplace theme?
There is nothing about the playlet which shows wh Y
�The We s tern Comra d e
good ink and paper should be wasted on it. The wonder is that so gifted a writer and critic as Willard
Huntington Wright should spend his time translating
1
so dull and prosaic ~n effusion.
4r
4r
'i" ~
IRVINE'S "MY L ADY OF THE CHI M NEY
CORNER"~
Alexander Irvine tells a beautiful story in his ""My
Lady of the Chimney Corner," a novel of the Irish. peas~
antry, a life that Irvine was born into, a life that he
knows. His style is direct and fine; his story · moves
249
r8.1)idly and the pictures he presents are Indeed impressive. I enjoyed this sweet, human book, and must
admit that I felt a lump gjl.ther in my throat more times
than I can remember, but his humor would bring a
smile at the moment when needed to down the lump.
I love a smile a thou_sl}nd times more than a laugh.
Real ·huil!.or draws a smile and stQps right there; comedy stuff draws a, haw-haw. The real pathos of life
causes a lump in the throat; sentimentalism demands
weeps. Irvine's pathos Is real and It rests with a lump;
his humor· is real and causes a smile.
Public Education and Social
Progress
By LEO W. WAX, B.S., M.A.
This is the first of two articles written especially for The Western Comrade by Prof. Wax. The
These articles are of especial interest
;~rld should be of gr~at value to students of the So'cialist movement, as well as to active propagandists.
st·r·o rHl and concludiug article will appear in an early numbet·.
growth and development of social and
political institutions from primitive
times up to the present day has beep. a
very slow and painful process, attended
all along by Ji, most remarkable backwardness and conservatism. Its head
constantly turned backwards, society
proceeded but reluctantly on the steep
road to 11rogress, manifesting at every
step a· powerful aversion to any change
.,.....;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;iiiil in
existing
conditions,
cherishing
throughout. a strong, re verential adherence to the past
and positive distrust a nd fear for the future. Old and
thoroughly rotten social and political institutions have
clung fo1· centuries to the afflicted social organism maintaining with the most stubborn tenacity all kinds of
st upid, wasteful, cruel and unnatural relations between
man and his fe!Jows. Every attempt to overthrow any
of these institutions or only to introduce a more or Jess
radioo.l reform in them always met with powerful opposition and obstinate resistance coming from within
' ociety's own midst. No important social or political
re1·olution has ever been brou.gbt about without long and
continued suffering, without persistent, intense, violent
and bloody struggle.
The old established forms never yielded, never gave
way until the sea of human sorrow and suffering bavmg
h1come overfilled, grew stormy and turbulent, threatening to sweep away all barriers and obstacles and to
wreck the entire existing order, and even then the trium ph of progress has not always been secure and perm;ment. The tid.e would _frequently dash backward · in
!'Paction, resuming its former course and suppressing or
dt>stroying the pfogressive curr-ents that had forced it
out of its old bed.
Evidently there are some powerful forces constantly
at work in society tending to draw us backward, to
hi nder our advance and prevent our progress, and thus
J•t>rpetuate existing conditions. Forces that blind our
I".Yes to_pxe..Wling ..elti.ls, .-;;top.-our-ea.r-s-t-o-tbe-el'i.es-and-- r-urses of the sufferers, harden our hearts, dull our conscience, confuse our intellects, and weaken our wills.
One of the most powerful and most effective of these
forces has been public education.
Now, this last statement will doubtless be regarded
as a paradox. "Do you mean to say," the skeptical
reader will ask, "that public education has been a drawback to social progress? Edocatlon which we have all
r!!garded as our future redeemer, which has been expected to bring the millennium and convert this earth
of ours into a paradise-do you mean to asS"ert that It
has served to hinder our advance and to perpetuate our
misery, instead?"
Yes, this is what I make hold to affirm and what I
expect. to be able to demonstrate In the succeeding para~
graphs.
In the mean time let it be borne in mind that the
term public education is sere employed in its widest
and.most comprehensive sense. It includes in Its present application aiJ the influences that have produced or
are producing a more or less profound and lasting impression upon the public mind. It comprehends all the
factors, .be they good or bad from our point of view, that
go to mold what we term public opinion. It takes In all
tbe agencies that have contributed towards the .f ormation of those habits of thought and habits of action
which characterize individual as well as social life.
It must also be suggested. at this point that whether
a certain force will be productive o·f good or evil, useful
or harmful results is determined, in most cases, not by
the nature of the force itself but ratber by the manner
and purpose of its application. The same force that is
capable of producing a great deal of good when rightly
applied, will cause a corresponding or even greater
amount of harm when misapplied.
The same fire, for example, that warms, cheers, and
comforts us when Grackling brightly on our hearths; the
same fire that bakes our bread, operates our machinery,
and carries us with the swiftness .of wind over mountain
and dale, sea and ocean; the same fire, In a word, which
constitutes the soul of our commercial and Industrial
-lif-e,-wHl---;iu-st--as--rea-dHy-ereate-ll1tV1lc-and-d'isaster;-d·..._.._- - stroy lives and property, devastate homes and firesides,
lay bare towns and cities, when It Is misused.
�250
The Western Comrade
The same dynamite which wlll blast rocks and dl.sclose !or man's use the treasures locked up within the
bowels of the earth, will just as effectively bring death
and destruction when used for this 1latter purpose. And
what is true of natural forces is equally true of social
forces.
•
Now, let us have a brief historical review or the
role which public education played in the development
of social life and institutions. From very early times,
ever since man first learned to enslave and· doininate his
weaker brother and society began to divide: itself into
rulers and ruled, captors and captives, masters and
slaves. owners arid propertyless-ever .. slnce that tjme
and up to the present, the contro1 and direction of education has been in the hands of the ruling classes. And
It is this control over the education ·of the masses that
served. to establish their superiority and mainta.'in their
rule.
·
~
The political state aione wouid have been utterly in- ·
sufficient by Itself to accomplish this purpose. For the
state had to . rely upon mere physical force to keep the
enslaved In submission. But physical force alone, however great and however well organized, cannot maintain
equilibrium for any considerable length of · time in a
condition of" oppression and inequality. To dominate
over the bodies and use the toil of the "lower" classes
it was absolutely necessary to dominate and control
their minds and Intellects at the same time.
Indeed, the former would have been altogether impossible without the latter. For the enslaved and oppressed have in most cases been numerous enough and
strong enough to free their bodies had not their minds
been enslaved and their souls made servile and degraded.
It was necessary to have the established order regarded as being of divine origin and the masters and
rulers as endowed with divine rights and clothed with
divine authority. It was necessary to stamp unquestioning obedience and meek submission to those in
power as supreme virtues to be duly rewarded in this
and more especially In the next world. On the other
hand, to resist and revolt against constituted authority
or even to question, criticise, or aoubt Its rights, had to
be branded as the gravest of crimes, severely punishable,
not only by secular but also by divine law.
These ideals and beliefs had to be constantly cultivated·, religiously practiced and faithfully transmitted
from parent to offspring. Having been thus inculcated
and fostered in the minds of the masses for centuries
they have finally become their second nature.
In the oriental countries where the caste system prevailed and the position of the individual in society, either
in a higher caste with all the accompanying privileges
and immunities or in a lower caste with all the exactions
and disabilities was forever fixed and determined by his
birth. The education of the masses was the exclusive
function of the highest caste, the Brahmans, or holy
teachers, as the name signifies.
Th!fi.nstruction which these privileged educators dispensed i01lie lower castes consisted chiefly of ceremonial. It prescribed numerous observances to be
strictly and blindly followed in every activity o.f daily
life. There were rules for eating, drinking, dressing,
going and coming. There ·were ceremonies for childbirth, marriage, sickness anil death.
These rules and observances have been imposed upon
the credulous people as handed down from above and
possessing deep and hidden significance the knowledge
and interpretation of which had come down by divine
~atio.n... arut transm.itted-to....the.-Br.a.hman,s-as...the e'lfclusive hetitli:ge of their favored caste.
Instruction was also given . upon the genealogy or
the various castes, setting forth the exalted origin of
the Brahmans, having· sprung from the very head of
·Brahma himself, and the 'low and despicable birth of the
workers or sudras constituting the lowest caste, who
had come from the feet of "Brahma. Particular emphasis
was .laid upon the sacredness and rigidity of caste lines,
and it was strongly imp.ressed upon the minds of the
pupils as the most hideous crime for the various castes
to intermingle or for a person born into one caste to at- ·
tempt to pass over into another.
Thus circumscribing and directing all the life activities of the. lower castes, fixing for all times their various
stations in 'society, · and intimidating their minds with
. fantastic horror-tales of an· -unknown and mysterious
after-life, the pries.ts made them so ·helpless and dependent. and gradually gained !)UCh absolute control over
them, that they could be driven like a herd of cattle
wherever their spiritual leaders directed.
So great indeed was the power and authority of these
oriental priests that even the despotic mon~rchs of these
countries, unless they themselv~s were members of the
caste, had to bow their heads before their high-priests
without whose sanction and blessing no undertaking or
any importance was ever attempted.
Whatever there was of real knowledge these privileged scientists and educators kept hidden behind seven
locks as their own exclusive possession. and source or
power. Surrounding it with mysterious symbols and secret formulas and putting it in a script and language unknown outside of their own ranks, they made it utterly
inaccessible to the lower castes.
Such a system of education consistently carried on
for many generations produced in the course of time
an extremely servile type of mlnd, amenable and submissive to authority, and incapable of self-respect and
self-assertion. It is this servile type of mind that explains many a dark page in ancient as well as medieval
and also modern history. For this type of mind has not
only been t1:a.nsmitted by inheritance and tradition to
later historical periods, but it has been actively cultiYated by succeeding educational procedure, and has survived in large measure to our own times. ·
It is this servile type of mind that made possible the
extremely despotic monarchies of the East where one
man disposed at his own will and whim of the lives and
~ossessions of millions of people, and where crouching
and cringing subjects prostrated themselves in adoration and worship at the feet of merciless tyrants. It is
this servile type of mind that accounts for the long
duration and wonderful stability of the unnatural and
cruel caste system.
It was this type of mind that made it possible for an
Egyptian Pharaoh to mass together 100.000 of his subjects and make them toil away for thirty long years at
the erection of a single- bui!dipg for no other purpose
than to shelter his precious body after the soul had departed from it.
This building, one of the pyramids of Gizeh, rises
from a base covering fifty acres to a height 450 feet,
with single stones in it weighing as much as fifty tons.
Having defied the all-destroying hand of time. this
building has survived through the ages and is still
standing there today, an object of admiration for the
traveler, a solidified mass of human toil and sweat, agrim monument of human exploitation and human
servitude.
To be sure, these r esults were not accomplished
wholly without the constant display and frequent use
of pb-ysiea-1 -force ·as- -embodied-i
he-lJoHttcm-state;But physical force alone, as already intimated, is abso-
�The Western Comrade
lutely incapable of maintaining any social order for any
considerable length of time. In order to endure it must
have its foundation in a c<vresponding social philosophy,
social morality, and social ethics. It must have a thorough justification for fts existence in the minds, the
hearts, the conscience, and the will . of a majority of
the people, and it is this philosophical and moral foundation, this ethical justification of the prevailing order that
a! ways had to be- supplied and is being suppli.ed today
by a n appropriate public education.:·
It was this necessity of providing the .required spiritual ammunition. so to say, for the mruntenance and
defense of the state that led in our own Christian world
to an early alliance between church and state, and..that
encouraged in every way the actjvitles 9f the church as
an educational institution.
·
Carrying on an untiring educational activity in the
schools among the growing generations and in the homes
and churches among the grown-ups, the church soon
gained complete mastery over the minds and hearts of
- millfons of adherents. With education as her weapon
the church marched triumphantly from land to land, .a
second Alexander, conquering· tbe great.ar part of the
world. Her power and influence became so great Indeed that the state itself, her patron and ally, soon had
to acknowledge her sovereignty and submit to her spiritual authority. Rome was the r~al seat of ·a uthority
and center of power in medieval Europe, ·and the Pope
was the supreme arbiter of the destinies of nations in
matters social and political as well as ecclesiastical.
It is this educational activity of the church that leads
many a pious hut uncritical historian to lavish eulogies
upon her for having spread . kp<JNledge and enlightenment among men.
- '-'
A r emarkable demonstration of the great possibilities
of education had been furnished by the Jesuits. ·This
order, which was established in 1540, spread with wonderful rapidity to all parts of the Christian world, and
its influen<:e in shaping the ·destinies of Europe 'was
enormous. But it may be stated with certainty that one
of the chief causes of this remarkable success of the
Jesuits was their splendid educational activity. Every
.Jesuit spent many years in training to become an efficient teacher and educator, and no effort was spared
to make the Jesuit schools the best in the world. Instruction in these schools was free to all-to realize tiJie
fu ll significance of this fact one has to bear in mind
t~at the free school in this country and in England is
barely fifty years old-and the influence which the
Jesuit schools exerted. upon the future lives of their
pupils was remarkable. They were ready and willing
at all times to sacrifice their property, their ·nearest
friends and relatives, their very lives for the ideas and
ideals imbibed at school.
In the year 1710 this order counted 612 secondary
schools. 157 seminaries for teachers, 24 universities and
200 missions.
The recognition of <the great value of education for
the safety and stability of the state led many a ruler
and statesman to take a lively personal interest in the
education of the people. "A very interesting illustration
of this is furnished by the educational activity of Czar
Nichola'S I of Russia following the revolt of the
"Decembrists" in 1825. That was the very first . open
attack made by the Russian revolutionary movement
upon the House of the Romanoffs, and that monarch was
the first to get a shake-up on his throne the very day
of his asce1:1sion. The organizers and participants In
_this revolt were- chiefly -young "RusSian noblerileilWhohad become fascinated by the new revolutionary doctrines then agitating western El,lrOpe, and brought In
through various channels across the border into Russia.
They conpeived the audacious plan of overthrowing
the monarchy and establishing a republic in Russia.
Enlisting in their cause several army regiments they
fo~med a conspiracy, and chose the day of coronation
for a sudden and decisive attack, expecting thus to take
the government !Jy surprise.
Ori the fourteenth day of December, while the ceremonies for the coronation of Nicholas I were in progress, they led their regiments out of the general line of
procession and entered into an open fight with the
government forces. But their numbers being too small,
the expected additions to their strength not having
realized, they only gained the distinction of forming
the very first lines in the now so numerous army fallen
in the great battle for Russia's freedom.
Soon after the ':s uppression of this revolt Czar Nicholas turned his attention to the schools. The fact \hat
the participants In the revolt werq young men, m!dnly
university graduates, evidently led him to the conclusion
that the educational system in his country was defective; that the politiCal and sociological studies '."there
pursued aroused in the students· too zealous an interest
In matters social and political, and caused them to become too meddlesome in the affairs of state; that the
studies of modern foreign languages only facilitated
their tra veling abroad and reading the pernicious revolutionary literature of Western Europe.
He therefore promptly issued an "ukaz" appointing
a special committee to "reform the schools." The duty
of the committee as set for in the "ukaz" was "to introduce uniformity into the school system, and to adopt
a course of studies tending to keep the pupils away
from utopian political interests and harmful literature."
Following these instructions of his majesty, Shishkoff, the minister of education in Russia at that time,
formulated a scheme of three distinct types of schools
corresponding to the three classes in Russian society,
the peasants, the middle-class, and the nobility;· and
introduced Latin and Greek into the curricula of the
gymnasiums and universities, calculated to o~cupy threefourths of the time. Reporting upon this reform to the
czar, Shlshkoff claims that it will have the effect of
keeping the classes distinct and separate, and thus
insure social stability, and the intense study ·of the
ancient languages in the gymnasiums and universities
will divert the interests of the young noblemen into
safe channels and will give the graduates the feeling
that they were neither ripe nor capable to meddle with
the affairs of the state.
In another manifesto issued July 3, 1826, announcing
tlie penalties of the "Decembrists," Nicholas also urges
upon the parents the necessity of giving their children
a sound moral and religious education at home which
should "guard thtm against dangerous Ideals and visionary doctrines" (see Mitinhoff "sketches of Russian
culture.")
Emperor William II of 'G ermany is likewise greatly
concerned In the education of his youthful Teutons.
There is hardly a teachers' convention held in the
"fatherland" that is not ~he recipient of some communication, open or secret, from his majesty the Kaiser,
urging upon the teachers the necessity of . arousjng in
their pupils strong patriotic feelings, .of fostering a
fervent love for the army and the flag. the glories of
soldier life and so forth. Especial emphasis is laid
in these circulars upon the great need of safeguarding .
the youth irLev.e.cy wa.}'-&g.ai-ru;t--the pern1cl~mrductrt~..--:---
dlssemlnated by the Social -Democrats seeking to undermine the long cherished belief ihat the House of the
Hohenzollern is ruling "by the grace of God." ·
�"(\
~--------------------------~
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.
"Ca.n & Catholic Be & Socl&list"
By Stanley B. Wilson, lOc.
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''The Religion of & SOcialist''
By R. A. ~faynard, lOc
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11•
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Los Angeles
Box 135
·The California Social·-.Democrat
A Sparkling Department by
EMANUEL JULIUS
.
Ably and F orcefu1Jy Edited by
.CHESTER M. WRIGHT
Every Western Socialist should read The Social-Democrat. There is no other
Socialist weekly like it. It is owned by the California Socialist party and is
thus on a safe footing. It reflects .each week the virile California movement
and prints the essential doings of the world movement.
There's a snap and a crackle to every issue. It is expertly edited, and it
never hesitates to fight like the eternal elements.
•
The Social-Democrat made California "take notice" when the 8-hour bill
was before the legislature. It was back of Assemblyman Kingsley at
every step. It has rallied the West in the Kirk and McKee case. It
Loa Angelea: Get
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me on your 1ist for a
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year--QUICK! I enclose
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$1 In payment.
Name.......................................................
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P. 0. Box 135
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Los Angeles, California
�
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Western Comrade, 1913-10
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Western Comrade
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Text
TEN CENTS
SEPTEMBER, 1913
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�The West~rn Com r ade
Editorial Dtfice· Chat .
It is with more than the usual a'mount of satisfaction th·at we open this little talk with the friends
of The Western Comrade. First o·f all there is a new department tucked away iri the pages for you.
It has been felt that there should be some meanS of keeping the Socialists in touch with the intercollegiate movement. The desire bas been voiced· many times by the readers of the magazine, and the
fruit is now in the basket. This· month E. E. Hitchcock bows to you as the author who will conduct
the new department. This is to be one of the practical, helpful, information dissembling pages of the
magazine.
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Just a word here to those who ramble in the world of writer folk. The Western Comrade wants
to know you and The Western Comr·ade readers want to know your work. If you have something
that you waut to gi \'e to the moveroent. this magazine is ready to serve as the go-between.
'fhrec beautiful plrotogr·aphs were published to illustrate an article . about "Frank F. Stozre; a
Sculptor With a i\lcssage," in the August number of The Western Comrade. These photographs were
lal<en espeeially for this magaziuc by Carl K. Bronccr·. Inadvertently credit was omitted last month.
Among the really big things offered by 'I' he Western Comrade in the next number will be a thorough
review of tho( wor·k of the Socialist Party in California. 'l'his will be written by Stanley B. Wilson,
who is just completing. a tour· of the entire state in which he has reached every section. What he will
hav e to say will be of intense interest to every comrade in the West. Rob Wagner, whose drawing of
.T. Stitt Wilson appears on the cover of this number, will write for the next ·western Comrade the wonderful story of Pamassus. Parnassus is a vision that is just budding into reality. You will want to
read this story- autl all of the others that will rome to you in the next \Vestern Comrade.
Saving the most important matter to the last, you will now picture to yourself the interior of the
sanctiuu wher·cin the business manager passes the time in strenuous pursuit of gold and silver. The
business manager· is saying to you that it is absolutely necessary that we have more subscriptions.
He means what he is saying. He says that each sub. criber should secure at least one new subscriber at
oucc. It is absolutely necessary. The editors are giving .fOU the best magazine possible. It will be
made still better· as it grows. ·You, the readers who have tested the magazine, are the ones to secure
the subscribers that will mean gr·owth and impt·ovement. Go now, out into the green pastures-or even
over the brown descr·t.-and GE'l' TIIAT ELUSIVEtUBSCRJBER!
The Western Comrade
~43
No.6
Vol. 1.
September, -1913
The Progressive--~
"\VOMAN
. P ublished l\Ionthly by
UNION LABOR NEWS COMPANY, INC.
203 New. H igh Str eet, P. 0. Box 135
. Los Angeles, Cal.
Today Is the most virile, e<lucattonal. entertaining magazine In the Sdttallst and Suffrage movement. Full of aspiration, vim and
zlo. Excellent feature articles . stories and
Illustrations. A magazine that deals with
conditions and racts from the feminist anu
Socialist viewpoint without gloves! Isn't
that "I)'hat you want?
The Progressive
Woman
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
SHOULD BE IN
YOUR HOME
EDITORS .
Chester M. Wright
Stanley B. Wilson
Associate Editors
Eleapor Wentworth ·.
Emanuel Julius
Fred C. Wheeler
Rob Wagner
Why not fi':Pt It? Yours for 511 cents for one
year; 25 cent!! In clubs of four or more. Address THE PROGRESSIVE WOMAN, 5445
Drexel Avenue. Chicago. Ul.
(Bundles for locals and hustlers $2.00 per
hundred.)
·
�v
T h e W e·s t e ~ n C o m r a d e
183
lit tarue with a message, a beautiful VISIOn·. For a few moments, the people listened as he told
the \ror-ltl might take the debris of the centuries and build a beautiful palace, how the battlefi•·l ds of life might be chaugcd to gardens of love, how the thot·ns of existence might blossom into red
h"".
l"OSt'S .
( )nc man said:
"Bcauti ful scntime11ts, indeed, but you arc a hundred years ahead of your time. The future wfll
!!lory in your dreams, but the present can have none of them. You were born too soon.'
This grieved the young poet. He had hoped his message would be as a spring-blessed oasis to
thirsty desert-folk; so, he went away to give himself to the dreary task· of changing his message,
r<·spinn ing his dreams, hoping thus to make himself a son of the present. At last, he returned to the
p<'oplc find again spoke ·to ·them. They listened attentively for a while, but seemed unimpressed.
"You a1·e a hundred years behind the times," someone told him.
�,-
184
The Westers Comrade
The Gun Is
Sy
CHESTfR
tOur
M.
e .. pon
WRIGHT
'G:;iiiijR EAVING the moraJ slde of the question enUreJy out of consideration, labor must. leave the gua alo.ne
in Its conflict with capital.
•
•
•
Economic conditions determine morals to a large e:rtent and IF labor could ~collstrucl economic
conditions through measures tbat the ruling clas would ~;onaider morallY wrong tbat ould be no
reason for hesJtancy on the part of labor.
Purely and simply on the ground that it is bad tactics, labor MUST let gullS alone!
Every time there Is a bit of gun .play labor loses and loses ignominiously. The Industrial Wor1Cer11
of the World Jose some of their magnitude of name and splendor of phraseology when the force of
Jaw and order unlimber aud wheel into act!on.
The cold truth of the matter Is that g un play doesn't pay labor apd the most outt>tandlng, big.
type reason Is that: the other fellow packs a bigger gun, bas more rounds of ammunition at hl<!
ten and more rations In his haversack.
Morality aside, the 'fACTICS are wrong!
'fake a case In polnt-Wheatlatid. Grant-which we· possibly do not-that .,Vheatland was a planned ·point of
attack, that certain leatleTs had intended to force better conditions through violence. The smoke ot the ftrst shot
had not ceased to curl sickishly away !rom the barrel of the ugly automatic before the telegraph wlr s were hot
be t ween Wheatland and EjACRAMENTO!
Sacramento Is the capital. From there the governor may wire to a ll of the armories that dot the great stat . He
may call for TROOPS! And the governor did call for troops and he ·had them at Wheatland b fore breakfast.
The ~overnor Hald, "Tiilll foolery mu~t Htop." And it DID stop. The state packed a bigger gu_n by far thau
the lltarveli nnd explolt ul little band of misguided zealots at Wheatland. And the troops had all of the great
stale to 1•'1J; t~D them and to keep them supplied with ammunition. So, when the governor Jald, ''There must be
110 nwt·e fooling," h e had the JlOwer to see that no more workingmen tried to get food via the gun. He declared that
he wou ld put a s top to rioting at Wheatland i[ he had to call out every soldier in the state. And he HAD that power.
:\lot'eovet·, every othet· gove1·nor In e\·ery other state bas that power and above all stands the president with the
nat louul nrmy and na,·y at HIS command. And ALL of these officials represent THE SYSTEM. Not one repr .
HPnts Jabot'. OoveJ'IIOJ' Hiram .Johnson of California is as close to the working class as any governor that any
old pat'ly e\·er will elect. He iA as sympathetic and has as good an understanding of labor as any governor ver
wi ll have until cluHs conscious labor lects ITS candrdates.
·
·
And the !JOint of that is that when Governor .Johnson says "foolery" and calls for the soldiers and backs up the
lllll!lters with Lite armed power of the state, that means that EVERY governor will do the same thing, Ir this progrPssl\·e ls willing and enger to ·•go t he limit" what would a conservative, fran kly pro-capital man do? He
might be more erne!, hut he could not be more E l~FECTIVE!
.
The fnct Is that tho gnu-toting working man is outnumbered, . out-fed, out-classed, out-e \ erythinged! H e
hnsn't n chnnce and he uen~ r will have and the sooner certain brands of "rev-v-volutionists" discover the fact th
bette!' fot· those workingmen who are accustom d to taking their remedies according to somebody else's prescJ•ip.
tlon, rather than from theh· own study.
Nvery clash that can be cited pt'Q\'es the same lesson that is taught by this pitiful, tragic little clash at Wheatland.
At Wheatland a distt·lct attorney, a cmel capitalist prosecutor. a real enemy, mind you, was actually killed. A
deputy shet•lff nnd a constable also were killed and the sheriff was des}>erately wounded. But the STATE came to
their aid and the state is as big as ALL OF US, whether we will or no.
1'he state Is a political unit. All of us vote as to how it should be couduC'ted. A minority of us do not like tbe
way the ballots total up, but we cannot help that, until we can get a majority_ l ntil. then we have to pay our
share toward all of tho e..xpense of the state, 1 CLUDING THE CO T · OF THF; SOLDIERY THAT IS CALLED
0( 'I' IN TlME OJ.~ STRIKE! We have to do thal We ha,·e NO CHOICE! And so we DO it.
That m ans that when labor is battl!ng for bread and the masters call for troops W(J have w help fight
against outsei'l'es- at least we have to pay the bill, which is the same thing_ And bow hopeless 1a 1t fiJr a few
men to arm them el\> s again t the tate, t.Qwards the armament of which ALL OF US mu.st contribute.
The 111an with the gun is an outlaw and all of the forces of the law are lined up against him to capture him.
He Is BOUND TO BE A HNORrTY! His only recourse is to become a political MAJORITY and OVTLAW the
other :tenow When he bt>comes a polltieal ma.jaraty then oontrol of all of the ;powers of the STATE pa.Jis to blm
and 'T HE S'r.A"Tl!J WILL TOTE HIS GUN and enforce HIS WILL~
'!'bat ,f s 'tlbe -ptogra,m of Jl&bor; must be! !POLITICAL l(;!PREMA.CY is the only way o.ut, purely as ,a matter of
ta<c'tlos.
lt IJ\'1\lSt be admitt-ed ltJ'h-at shoot.iln.g is . a much mol'e grave t.hin,g th-8'11 >oting. A' m.BJ:l wm vote r:lgh.t more
qlll<'~ than be wm shoot. And unt1l he is (lll>pable of voting ~n hls own inrt.erest !he mast assuredly 1B not .eapa.ble
of shooHng 1'11 his OWin lnt!e"Mst-for ('a:nd mM'>k l!lhis -well) if !he Dill :shoot true to !bls iiJter.est and .1! b.e WON, had
be not lt'he en·se :to V6TE . ri~t in lti'he ltir:st JP.lace lbe would mot !ha~·e sense £DOugh to !know what to do with V'ic·
to't\' ~f lhe g&lined 4t b'.l• t'he rgun,
The ca:p1tlilist ~s not womad ttlhTatrg'h lfea.r·of wihs.t hbor 'Wiill do ~ guns., BO ~ong as t.ihe ClliJ>italist contiols the
stalte 'BITld ttlh:e gulls of tJbe .sta>'te, 11'o1' 'tibe state lhas <so many m011e guns ltih.an J.albor cllln ever !hope to }lave. Labor
can lle'io·er lrol>e 1to lb'a'\<e lgtlllil lello"Ug~'h ito -cope \Wdtb (C&pital !in gun JP}e,y. untill llabar bas learned to vote 11ir;:bt.
a:nd ilib n ~ab -;yiflllba re l'fO lllse !for !gllllS. ·votibrg ls so muCh ceas.ier ana safer And more 'UP-i110-[)Ail'E! ·
~i'o'J)
e
II\)SI , !ltlmseJ:~Sica:l, ~s. lba.ritBI!iic, \tllila'bor-llifke <talk rat sa.'botage -ana -gun pl~ '8.lld SII.'OOW 1f'H.;E
til: I()F ttiFrtE rB(Al)I{(i)"'J'. ll.Jeail1n iitS JlOWe1'. LeMlll QRGA.NrrZ.ATJON a~ t!he ballot box and lea.rn how 'to US'.E poliLi<'nl powe-r a!tlter t has bEfell gartned.
·
II
I
j
�)
The Western Comrade
t
---.:1
A Warning.,
By Eleanor
enfworth
EARYING of their game of tag . in the garden., the flowerscented breeze and the saucy, golden moonbeams frolicked
through the window into the room where the woman sat with
her sleeping babe. 'They wove a charming spell around her
under whose influence she was carried far ahead in the course
of years.
She saw her boy as a man. There 'seemed no doubt that all
the wishes her mother heart had conceived for him were fulf'illl"cl. She saw him, in those years to come, a sturdy man in mind and body;
lon•cl by his fello\rs for his kindness and r espected for ' his wisdom. More
t h11n this, d1e not.ed that the soft, ingenious lines about the mouth, which she
l11ul so lovPtf in the child, were not hardened in the man and that his eyes till
mirTor-ed the frunlwcss and idealism of youth.
A fin-off, omi·uous murmur scattered her dream. So strange a sound was
it that iuvoluntarily she shuddered with apprehension. A lioness might feel
so wh '11 sc•euting dangey to her cubs.
·
'1'11 mur·mur became a dull, heaYy roar, oppressing the night air. Closer
n nd eloser it came from beyond the distant houses, revealing itself at last as
the harsh roll of a military drum, encored by t-he tread of legion soldiers'
fert. The woman hcat·d it coming on steadily until it was in her own street,
h neath her own window. The figures of the soldiers cast uncouth, weird
shadow into the room, where previously the moonbeams and the breeze alone
had dar d to intrude. With hideous noise the drum routed the silence even
from th mo t ecluded niches. Tramp, tramp, tramp, roll, roll, roll, the
<•rho reverberated, each ound cutting the woman to the quick.
Un on iou ly she stepped to the window and gazed with the fascination of
fenr at the rhythmic tep of the human automatons, whose actions and equip111 nt wer
o ugg ti,· of sinister intentions. There flew to her mind a
c n of battle wher thi machine of men was doin~ its ruthless work. In
ne in tnnt heart around which mothers had woven') tendernes , were overt• m with th lu. t to 1\ill. In a ingle ru h beautiful Uodies for which mothers
L
'
hnd uffl'red nnd t oiled were r educed to an un ightly mass of blood and bruised
fll'.h. The nmc drum marshalled the luckle ones and with fiendi ·h atro-·
g'Qlll' hl'nt 11 l'OUUt of the \.'Ore. of human live against the })ollars in the
poeket of the ~fonry od . In a la wild glance at thi imagined scene of
t•nrnngc. the mothE'r aw her on' white face among the lain, the still, staring
t•~'t', r~>\'Nlling the fact that though they were open, they aw nothing.
In a iugle bound h wa b ide the cradle. The· child was still sleeping
pNwefull~~. Witb a fluttering heart she contrasted the picture which the passin ... soldit•ry bad arou ro with the happy dream of the future tHat she bad
t•nh•rt in~ Ul"h • short while before.
•_lw mowd . lowl.- from the cradle to the window and looked out into tbe
night. The ldie t ere ne, only the faint
murmur from beyond a dist nt hill biotin at tbeir l'ffent presence.
The l oman ~all again alone with the breeze. the moonbeams. and her ehild.
And hl'r tl'ar-her ~ aUrin naked fear.
·~
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�186
Th e We s tern Comrade
Th e Story of a So-ciaiist Mayor
By
J. STITT
Formn
'.layor
of
WILSON
Berkeley ', Cal.
No corr,pct analysis of these Socialist victories has ever
been mh~e. Some day we may attempt it. Here we
·merely !l'et down the facts. My "hunch" ne>·er left me
except for one or two dark days when the campaign
got I.Jalky, and then it- came back like a Niagara, and
in my soul defeat seemed impossible, . though on the
external defeat seemed inevitable.
•
"n -la · Miilhall" wlii<"li wn!l pendioJJ:.
I had livNI in HPrkl'i!'y nine years. but nevN in all
that tlnw had til" ('omr~dl's PVN !lnggested me for a
loc·a i ofllr·p _ :"or had I pvpr thought. or such u thing.
In f'ac ·t at till• limP ut' tlip loc·al Plectlons in 1\lfl!l. I was
In l·:ugland , and lli"P\' ious to that we Socialists of JJcrkell'v C'CIIIid all liP ~Nlt!'d in a ten by twelve l·oum .
. llarriman and I hac.l hac! a big mass meeting the
ul~~;ht IH•ftll'c•.
\\' p had occupied the samp room and
whpn 1 liandt'U h 1111 the tel!'gram to reac.J, lw just rHared.
''Tlw ic!Pa," sa id I larriman. "Berkeley! \\'hr. Wilson,
vour \'ott• would l>P sn small it wou ld be n jokl'." And
:lob llllli'HiizPcl on th!' "IHntrgeo!s" city that I was c·ondemtl!•cl to aliide ln. "Thc• last eity In the state, \ViiROll. that will t·IN·t a Soelallst.
Don't accept it." ·
And I agrPt'd with Harriman that I would not acrept. I had t \\'o days to think It over, llo\~e,·er . That
tdght wp went on to l\lodestu. Another big meeting.
Nc•xt mot"n!ng I rosP to take the early _train for Berkeley.
.loh r·ul lpd out of his bPd his final advic e, "Don't acc·ept."
.
Arriving In Berkeley we had a day left in whieh to
file the nomination papel"H. Stern came up hot-foot.
Ho would not take "no" fot· an answer. "Sleep O\'el"
It toniAht," Haid he; "noon tomo rrow some-body's nomInation pap rs must be In the hands of the city clerk."
That ulght I "waked" over it. rather than slept. And
wlwn day dawn d I had the "hunch"- ! would accept.
I would run . I would be e lected. I couid fill a whole
issue about thi s "hunch." It was a remarkable experienec . \ Ve hustled around. got Uie names on the
petition just In the nick of time, and away went the
batt le, hard and heavy, until April 1, 19ll, when BerkeI~>Y. dty of schools, city of churches, city of wealth and
the "bourgPois." actually elected a Socialist mayor.
And that night tht> main street of the town w-as one
solid mass of howling humanity. carrying the said
Sodallst mnyor shoulder high through the town. Never
in the history of this consenath·e placid community
had it lost its hPnd before.
Two vean• before the Socialist candidate for mayor,
1\lasow. i·pc·l'h"t>d 1~~ ,·otes, and Hodghead, his opponent,
was t'lt•<·te-tl vu the first ballot with 2520 votes. Masow's
' 'Ote wa::~ lt>ss than ten in each of eleven ,.precincts.
This time, two years latN. with a light primary vote, I
had 2i ~9 vott•s, against Hodghend's 246 . I also wa
elN'lt•ll ou the first bnllot. \\'e carried five out of six
se<'tlous or tht> city.
Three \H' eks latt:-r, after a fight fiN·ce-r than e\·er.
the afon.'lllt>ntiunt>d H. l. Stern. old war-horse. was
elec-ted to tlu• school board, aud John A. Wilson to the
• eouuell. Sotut- thought the judgment day had t-cme.
•
•.
•
•
•
•
Three months later, as goes the charter, July 1, we
three entered upon our official duties. I had studied
municipal affairs for years. Like all Socialists, all such
problems from a general standpoint had been before
my mind. But now I was confronted with the actual,
concrete, detail of the mayor's office, the far greater
proportion of my duties being the routine affairs of
city government.
Now that those two years are past and I am no
longer mayor, I will tell the comrades one of t~e
Inward vows. I took as I walked into my office and
unlocked my desk for the first time. I vowed that
while I was in that office every act and word and plan
would be such that the whole city would be compelled
to honor anc.J approve-not Stitt \Vilson-but the Socialist official, that my comrades everywhere would neve!'
need to apo logize for my. executive acts, or I.Je ashamed
of them. I vowed I would not only do my who le duty
as a man to the city and the citizens, but I wou ld make
it impo~slb l e for the pursuing critics to attack the "Socialist administration" as it was popularly called.
·
And I kept that vow. I gave the strictest attention
to the pettiest details of the mayor's office. I was on
hand. Citizens not only found me on duty in the offlee, but freely called at my home, and kept the phone
busy early and late. Without being officious, I fam!Jlarized mvself with the functions and work of e\·ery departme~t of the city. I knew the city cash account
hetter than my own. I balanced the various needs or
the city with its poss~"ble and then its actul:ll income.
1 must say that the n n-Socialists in t~1e ~ouncil very
soon graciously yielde to my judgment . Ill cttY finances,
ani:! practically permit ed me to make tke second halfyearly budget, readjusting the city expenditures. In
short I was simply fanatical in my attention to the
municipal affairs. Whatever I d.id do or did not do,
that was my state of mind. I never let a day pass
without doing that day 's work, and no Saturday noon
e\·er came with a bunch of left-overs.
Our opponents were camping on our trail. Some of ""
them ached and longed for the new Socialist mayor
to blunder. And blunders may easily come, let me say.
to inexperienced city officials. ""hen finally our Socialist comrades on the school board '(a separate board)
" made the blunder" (!) of not retaining the appointe!'
of our beaten opponents as school suJ)erintendent. war
broke out. They would "recall" these school directors,
and then they woilld "get the mayor." and sweep the
whole lot of us out of office under the disgrace of the
recall! The history of that famous recall is familiar.
Our opponents surely met their Waterloo. \\"e beat
them two to one in the hardest and bitterest political
coutE'St tbi city bas ever known. hundreds of voters
who had formerly opposed us now sustaining us after
being eight months in office.
�187
The Western Comrade
The ordinary affairs of municipal administration I
will touch upon In another paragraph. Here let me
refer particularly to the distinctly Socialist proposals
whiCh I urged upon the council and which they turned
down. As a matfer of fact Berkeley has never had a
··socialist administration." There has been a Socialist ·
mayor and one councilman in a board of five. The
anti-Socialist majority worked harmoniously with us on
general municipal matters, but stood pat for capitalism
,,ach tim~ we presented a genuine Socialist proposition.
Had we had one more man on the council I believe
Berkeley would have had by this time a municipal
telephone , a municipal electric lighting plant, a municipal market and it would be standing out as a
i!eacou light on the supject of taxation of land values.
.\nd before now a whole advanced program would be
laid out to supplement the municipal labor bureau
whieh we did get through, a program by which men
would he employed, vacant land put under cultivation
and value placed UJlon human beings, now tbe mere
llotsam and jetsam in the labor market.
Hut let us not be too severe. This city had 188
:-ioeialist votes for mayor in 1909. It would be nothing
s hort of municipal miracle If the council had come
through with Socialistic proposals in 1911.
On ea<'h of th ese cbjects we set our hearts, and the
Socialist local and comrades did their part nobly and
we ll. especially on the municipal market. I gave
months of special s tud y to the matter of electric lighting and mtmlcip·aJ telephone and personally prepared
l'lahorate reports for the council. In all this work we
cpnstantly sowed the public mind with Socialist criti1'\sm uf capita!ism and constructive Socialist thought.
l'erhaps a few stray paragraphs from my messages to
the <'ouncil may hint the nature of the doctrine we
preached in season and out of season.
·,
The geofTHI municipal policy was suni'med up In
this Rentence : "I believe that the city administration
should seek to se!AJre the necessitle~ and'.'the advantages of city life, for the use and enjoyment of the
humblest family, and to put these things into our hands
at the lowest possible cost for the best possible serviC'e.
In the twentieth century we should never
permit huge cor]IOrate monopolies to hold us at their
mercy and charge us all the traffic will bear for the
ltiJsolute necessities of life."
In a long document against a telephone merger and
for a municipal telephone system for the whole bay
region, I said: "Let us place the telephone· in every
home, shop and ranch. Let the rates be reduced to cost
uf opemtion and placed within the reach of every workingman and rancher In all this populous area. The
al'et·age citizen now pays twice as much a year to have
a telephone in his house as he pays for all the street
cleaning, street lighting, police and fire service the
<'ity government provides. Such a public utility should
he removed from the realm of private monopoly."
In the first move for an electric lighting system .I
used these words: "There is but one problem righ't
now before the American people--that Is to deliver the
rC'al prod\tcers of wealth from the exploitation of the
privileged interests and giant monopolies. The one
s upreme issue is : The People vs. The Plutocracy."
No matter what came before the city or the council
it was intei']Jreted from our Socialist viewpoint and the
local press gave us all the space we could use. Never
,.o,tld any press be more generous than the Berkeley
pape rs were to us. We got our ideas .before the people.
On the taxation of land values and on the municipal
market complete and elaborate matter was preseq(ed;
suppor~g
Weld~
also
the
amendment. Space wUl not
permit quotations. But on all these projects that "solid
three" voted us down. I could not get a majority even
for a resolution endorsing the present amendment providing for lo~al option In taxation.
·
This was my sorrow as a Sooiallst mayor that I did
not have enough support in the council to carry out our
program. But the work done .on behalf of these projects
is solid and enduring and is bound to bear fruit; and
our proposals will h!lve to be eventually faced and undertaken. In the meantime we have done a greatly
needed wo'rk In educating the people on the subject.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
In this paragraph I can only make a list af the important municipal improvements which shall mark my
administration In Berkeley. I copy the list ~rom my
annual report to the city council on vacating the office:
1. Municipal · incinerator..
~
2. Municipal garage and ambulance.
3. Municipal laboratory.
4. Municipal employment bureau.
5. Perfection of the police flashlight system.
6. Additional fire department.
7. New heating apparatus.
8. Extensive street Improvements.
9. Spotless town campaigns.
1~ New corporation yards.
li. Passing sewer bonds.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Just a word about municipal finances. When I entered the city hall of Berkeley we had but $12,000 surplus in the general fund. At the . close of my first year
we had a net balance of $27,000. When I took charge
the total funds available from all sources was $32,000,
but I left for my successor $60,000, besides $50,000 in
the treasury for the incinerator. One of the attacks
made during our campaign was that the Socialists
would ruin the finance of the · city; that the candidate
for mayor was a good "talker," but "what business could
be attend to?" This criticism was soon silenced. The
finances of the City of Berkeley were never in better
condition and everybody knows it.
Moreover, strange to ·say, I introduced an amendment to the city charter providing that the tax rate
might be raised to $1.00 for puJ.ly municipal purposes,
that is, an increase of 25 cents. I wrote and talked and
worked for this increase and
e people carried It by
a big majority. We did not r se the rate, but simply
provided for a raise by charter amendment for future
emergencies.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
.And when my day was done, I had kept my vows,
though having met reverses at the hands of the "system." But I could not get the consent of my conscience
to take that post another two y~ars, in a minority
relation. The council holds four years. I conshler the
passing period right now the most crucial In the history of the nation. My greatest service to the workers
and to the nation, I concluded, was to be done In some
other place. 1 am now again on the firing line, carrying the Socialist message to ears that have never heard
it all over the state. 1 have never had such audiences.
Six w.eeks of work since 1 left the mayor's office have
convinced me beyond the shadow of a doubt that I did
the right and wise thing.
And on the day I left the city ball, the Socialists in
Berkeley for the first time entered into a majority relation in a public body. On the day I went out of office
·Comrade Elvina S. Beals took her seat on the school
(Continued on page 196)
�188
The Western Comrade
The Terrible Minihg Gam-e
A Plea for Federal Control
By DR. JOHN R. HAYNES
Ol
ods, they found, briefly, the following : Ignorance on
F ALL the nations of the earth, America
the part of mining superintendents, ignorance on the
i~:~ the most wasteful of the Jives of its
part of miners, slackness in tbe rules regulating the
citizens. Seventy-fl\'e thousand of our
· use of safety lamps, carelessness in permitting the
people are killed each year by accidents,
a-ccumulation of dry coal dust, use of coal dust In
'
of which number thirty-five thousand
tamping charges, negligence of state officials in acting
are workmPn s lain while engaged in
upon the reports of inspectors, incompetence of state
their daily occupations. If we add to
inspectors, carelessness in the arrangement and use
· · . these figures the number of the wounded
of electricity in mines, use of improperly compounded
and crippled in inoustry, we shall find
explosives. the use of excessive charges of explosives,
that Mr. Mercer, ot the Minnesota Emthe use of wooden &haft structures, and the failure to
plo)·pps Compensation Commission, is
pro,·ide· more than on e opening to the mine.
not far wronp; in clairni!)g that industry now kills and
First among the causes of the high fatality rate in
crippl ps more !•a!·h ypar than did bullet and s hrapnel in
auy year of_the c·i\'11 war.
American mines may be placed the ignorance and carelessness of superintendents and other min-e officials.
Of all Ame ricau indu stries coal mining is the most
One of the Europea n experts to whom I have referredhazardous . From three to fiv e thousand coal miner:!
whose name I am .not privileged to
arf' annually killed outright and from
mention- told me that while -passing
e i~;ht to tf' n thousand are serious ly in through a mine in West Virginia with
jurPd in the United States. Since
a _ party carrying both naked and
1!<90 more than 30,000 coal miners have
safety lamps he lifted his lamp tobee n klllcd and more thl!L 80,000 have
been seriously injured. In the single
ward the roof to test for gas and was
state of Pennsylvania in the year 1907
surprised to find it present In very
alone more than 1000 miners were
dangerous quantities. Turning to the
killed, leaving nearly that number of
mine superintendent, he remarked,
widows and 3410 ch ildren under 10
"You should not allow naked lamps
years of age.
to be used in this mine." "Oh," replied the superintendent, easily, "we
Mr. Joseph Holmes, director of the
are installing a ventilating sy!ttem
Federal Bureau of Mines, declares that
that in a few months w111 rid the min.e
7fi per cent or the mining fatalities in
entirely of gas and render the use
the United States could be easily preof l?afety lamps unnecessary." "Bevented.
fore that time arrives," protested the
While the average annual death rate
European expert, "your mine will be
from mining accidents in Europe runs,
blown up." And this is precisely
per 1000 men employed, below two,
what happened. The naked lamps
and in the case of F rance and Belgium
were not excluded, the mine was
is less than one, in the United States
blown up a few weeks later. and hunthe rate In 1907 was, for the - single
dreds of miners lost their Jives.
year, 4.86 lives lost for each 1000 men
me of the states have nominal
employed; in other words, our death
exa !nations and g:ant licenses to
rate In that year through mining accisup lqtendents and foremen;' but
dents was about five times that of
they are of little value, a s is shown
Jo'rance and Delgium and about thr
in the case or the large mine just
times that of other European coun tries. l.),erhaps the most discouraging
mentioned.
feature of the whole situation is the
In another mine a foreman, t esting
DR. JOHN R. HAYNES
fact that statistics show that, while
in the early morning, found gas in
the death n~te duri ng the past ten or fifteen years has
dangerous quantities. Not being able to write, he laid
been st!'adily decreas ing in every European country, It
a piece of iron across the railroad track before the'"'
has been s teadily Increasing In the United States.
entry, assuming that _the miners would guess that it
This Is not due to more dangerous natural condiwas a danger signal, and went to breakfast. The min tions in the United States. for the contrary Is actually
ers coming later not .unnaturally failed to und erstand
_the case. Three distinguished European experts, Messrs.
the purpose of the piece of Iron. , Supposing that it
Victor Watteyne, Inspector general -of mines, BpJgium :-had come -there by accident, -they removed it from
Carl Meissner, coundl_or for m ines. Germany: and Ar the track and passed on Into the dange rous section.
thur Desborough, Inspector of explosh·es, England, who
where every man lost his life.
were permitted by their respective governments to
111 Europe a sttuation where a mine foreman could
accept the Invitation of the Government of th e United
not read would not be understood. There every min States to make an examination of American mines. after
ing official Is a man of intelligence, thoroughly grounded
an extensive Investigation In the year 1908, unanimously
In the principles of his profession ; no other can secur e
reported t hat the natural conditions in American mines
a license. Shall we go on in this country, clinging to
were much better than in Europe.
our Inefficient system of s tate r egulation of a n indusThe h uman cond itions, howe\'er, they found genertry that is essentially interstate in character unti l we
all y bad . As compared with European mining methhave uselessly sacri ficed the Jives of tens of thousands
--~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~
e
t
�The We s tern Coll)rade
more poor miners before we stop this slaughter under
the only practical system of safety, the federal regulation of the mines?
A state mining inspector In Alabama reported to
the ";tate officials, after each visit to the Virginia mine
near Birmlngh!Lm, that there was a large accumulation
of dry coal dust In the mining hallways. These reports
were correctly stamped and filed away in the proQer
pigeon hole, until one day the coal dust became· Ignited, the bowels of the earth were torn asunder by a ·
~errific explosion, and a few days later· the bodies of
I GO miners were brought to the surface. The Inspector
had made his · examination all right; the state oftlcilil
had filed the report all right; the only trouble was that
ncthing W_!\S done about the coal dust.
In Europe the one distinguishing character! tic of
mine management is the careful, prudent foresight with
which the mine1•s' lives are safeguarded. In America
the one universal characteristic Is the reckless disre~;ard or .the monow, the criminal disregard of the considerations of safe ty. The Cherry, JJJ., disaster, in
which 350 miners lost their Jives, was caused by a boy
pushing a tramcar, loaded with bay for the mules,
agains t an open torch stuck In the walls of the hallway.
:-;uch management in the case of either the bay or
1he lighting would have been Impossible in any Eurol•ean min . T·he Aust• ian onsul, In rendering to his
government the report of the catastrophe, charges the
operators with criminal carelessness and negligence in
S<'l·en different specified particulars.
Newly arril·ed immigrants are very cheap. While
it woul!l cost someth ing, say one cent per ton of coal
rHf ncd, to make conditions comparatively safe, the
pn~se nt system is perhaps cb aper.
It is doubtful if
the ave rag miner kill d during the last twenty years
lras cost his
m}rloye•· $50 in damages paid to his
dependents. If these men were slaves worth about
$:!000 apleC'c, as in nntei.Jellum days, they would not
II a r e ldllccl 30,000 of them in ·zo y ar·s, I.Jringing upon
the mselves a Joss of $60,000,000. They would have
llladf' th •ir mines as safe as urose in. Europe or else
Ira rc goue out of bu !ness.
It is doubtful if there Is a min today in . the United
.'ta les which could pass the insp ction Which is requlr d of nil min s in Europe in the matt r of car ful
mi uute precautions again t accidents. State regulafious, for the reasons I have mentioned, will · never
sol\;e the Pl'oblem. We have had .a good deal of state
IPgislation in th past .f w years having for its object
tl!e less nlng of dangers in mining ; but it bas b en in
Just these years that the highest mortality ever known
in the hi story of mining In any country has taken place
in American · state-reguiat d mines. ln a q~ining disaster at Marianna, Pa., coaling the lives of about 160
men, the state mlntug Inspector liad just completed his
in.·p ctlon. pronounc d everything to be in perfect condition, and bad pro eeded a short distance from the
mouth of the shaft when a fearful roar shook the earth,
and be turned to see the heavy Iron cage from· wbicb
he bad just st pped out torn from its chains and hurled
a distance of 300 feet, bAaring in its fiigbt the bodies
of the two men who bad it in charge.
tate lnsp ctlon has never be n efficient, is not now,
and there is no reason to believe that It will become
..,f11ci nt in the future. The federal government must
take bold of the situation and use compulsion. An
ndvisory relation to the miners on the part of the
Fede.ral.B.u.reau. of M.in.es.-ls...good.-bu t....it.-doe -not- g:o-l.a.r -l'nough; It must not only be able to make recommendations, but It must be able to compel {he mine owners
1-89
to carry tbe"'m out. A federal ~Ystem of rescue etafrons equipPifd with oxygen helmets and other safety
apparatus dese.n•es great nraise.. However, the essential thing .bl not to rescue su:rrvfvors after an e ploslon
'has taken place, but tor the r presentative of the federal ~vernment to be able to say, "Your mine Is un- •
safe; you must do this, and tb.is, at once, otherwise
your produ·c ts will b debarre~ :from interstate commerce." Pre ention, not cure, should be tb policy.
Now, how should the tederal go ernment take hold
of this' matter? We advocate the followi-ng plan:
The establishment, 1tr congressional enactmAOt, of
a permanent comml sion o!, say, five members, analogous In character to the Interstate Commerce Commission; this commission to have complet power to l)rescrlbe the conditions under which coal entering lnto
interstate commerce shall be mined, just as the federal
governm nt at pr sent passes upon the character and
conditions und r which meat products enter Jilto Interstate commerce. This commission should have power
to appoint Federal mi,ning inspectors and to enact
regulations for all coal nterlng Into hiterstate commerce. The .members, to be appointed by the President,
should consist of three sclentitlc !ben select-ed for their
special eminence In the subject of coal mining; one
practical coal miner; aud one business man of experince in the mining and marketing of coal. This' commission should be empowered: First, to appoint its
own inspectors; second, to pass and enforce regulations
protecting tbe Jives of the miners; and, tbtrd, to prevent the waste of coal in mining (now nearly one-half)
for the b neftt of future g neratlons.
ln the case of coal lands still owned by the nationstill one- third of the total oal area- protection of the
miners can be most elfectlvely secured by retaining the
ownership In tbe bands of the whole people and operating tb Jll either directly by the ·Govefnm nt or through
leases in whi h the provisions are made £or safety regulations such as have proved so effective In saving life
in European mines.
Mr. Broderick, c·h ief mining Inspector of Pennsylvania, states that with an additional cost o! about one
cent per ton coal mined In Pennsylvania safety precautions could be Introduced wbtch would r due the number of fatalities one-balf. Jn other words, of the 893
miners killed In 1nnsylvania ln the period from 1899
to 19011, inclush• , he lives of 4447 miners cpuld have
been saved by m ly increasing the cost of coal production to the ex ent of one cent per ton.
'
Is it good business to slaughter miners IJ:!. order to
sa ve a c nt a ton which It wquld cost to protect them?
Wb n the American people understand eondftlons,
tbey will be righted. We do not understand them yet
When we read in the papers that orne 300 miners were
killed In th :M: nengah disaster, 350 at the Cherry mJ.pe,
as many more at onnellsviJle, and so on, the statements are m re figures to us, they have no human
meaning. But if we could stand at the mouth of the
mine upon its reopening aft r an explosion and behold
the emingly endless column o( charred bodies borne
hour after hour to the surface; if we could witness the ·
long. line of h arses on their way to the biJJside burial
ground; If we. could hear the heartbreaking sobs of
stricken widows mingled with the pitiful walls of little
cbUdr n b reft of their father..s.; it we could go in the
days that follow to the bare homes deprived of their
breadwinners, and find that the little children have been
taken .out of school to gain their little pittance In tb~
--eoal --br-eak-erst-if-we -rould ;sett t-hese tbfngs- we -wou-ld
realize that It is not a question of "states' rights" or
"constitutlonali m';; we would see that lt Is a qu.estlon
�190
The Western Comrade
of protecting the Jh ·es and the homes of our humble
workers.
When, after years of weak and Inefficient state regulation of Impure food products, the American people
decld~ that they wished their lives and their homes
protected by th e strong and far-reaching arm of the
federal government, all kinds of constitutional objections were brou.gbt to bear by the manufacturers of
Impure products. They feared for the future of our
country H the consti tution was to be so trampled upon
a t the expense of the sovereignty of the states. But
when we decided that we wanted il, the lawyers found
a way for us. Uncle Sam no w places his Inspectors in
the packing houses of Kansas City and thereby pro- .
tect11 the homes o f New York and San Francisco. The
question for us Is, do we really want the li ves and the
homes of U1ese JJour min ers protected? If we do-
really, earnest~ do--the lawyers will arrange the constitutional preil!}ems in.vol-ved.
At the best the coal miner leads a hard life, in the
depths of the mine, shut out from the light of the sun·,
bi eathlng all day foul air aqd ga5es; prone by his occupation to tuberculosis and other diseases, living with
~ his famHy usually in dirty, smoke-covered villages, b!U'
of trees and vegetation, all this for miserable wages, in ,
order that you and I may enjoy our bright firesldes,
and that the business of the nation, through factory and
railroad, may go on. Is It not the least th.a t we can
do for these poor fellows to see that the present farce
of s tate regulation should not stand in the way of a
strong interstate mining commission that will protect
them against the useless, foolish, and unnecessary waste
of life which now characterizes our American mining
industry?
A Woman's Hat
I'!!!!!!!!!"!!!!!!!!!!!!!'IRS. JONES bought a new hat this week
and her hu s band is growling about it.
Well , he has a right to· grow l, for the
good woman was a bit extravagant this
Urn e. She paid twenty dollars for a creatlon In brown and blue, with a. big os trich feather on the summit. It is about
such fL hat as would have cost her
fath et· seven or e ight dollars before she
married Jones.
Jones Is a good mechanic-earns four
dollars a day and likes to see his wife well dressedyet In this case he demurred at spending five days'
hard work for a hat that will be out of style in three
or four months.
l'robnbly It will be of Interest to both Mr. and Mrs.
.Jones to nnalyze the price, of that hat and find why It
cost so much .
·
Nature charged nothing for the original raw matet•inl of th e s traw, silk and ostrich· feather, but the silkworm bre d r, the wh eat raiser and the ostrich farmer
each figured their prices from a schedule something
like this :
I.. nbor, Rent, Inter st, Ins urance, Taxes, Profit.
'l' h n ttch or thes nrtlcl s wer tilk n to factories
wh r the s ilk was s!lun, dyed . wovE-n and fini shed; the
s trn w wns blenched, sort d and btalded ; th feather
was Bllllt, bl ached. curl d and fluffed, and then each
manufaclmer add E'd to the cost of the materials a list
of Items like this:
Trun s portutlon , Labor, Rent. Interest, Insurance,
TaxeR.
·
xt th e goods w r
ollected by the wholesalersJlrolmlily tHtsslng through at least two of th ese establlshrn ntR, nch of which added another bill or costs
compt·ls d of tile familiar items :
Transportallon, Advertising, Rent. Interest, l_nsurnnce, 'l'axea, Profit.
It will he noticcd t·hat t he cost of transportation is
added at nch stag , nnd It Is worthy of mention that
In t>\'e ry n 'e that ost Is made up of such Items as:
.
T..abor, Adv-rtlslng, He nt, Inter est, Insurance, Profit.
ow nt the laRt s~e the mlllln r purcha es the materlllls at a price that Is th sum t.ot.nl of those accumulntrd charges.
be pro e ds to manufacture tbe
creation thnt mak t he trouble for Mr. Jones, and adds
tor his benefit a . cale of charge that ID\lSt include :
By
E.
BACKU
Labor, Advertising, Rent, Interest. Insurance, Taxes,
Profit.
The su m total of these charges Is the twenty dol lars that Mr. Jones so strongly objects to.
By running back over the list it will be noticed that
Mr. Jones has not only paid the people who actually
raised and cared for the silk-worms, wheat and os triches, prepared the materials for use, carried them
to the millinery shop and wove them into the hat- but
also he has contributed to the support of a very much
larger number of pe(jpJe who levied tribute on every
stage of the process by means of:
Adverti5lng, Rent, Interest, Insurance, Taxes, Profits.
Now a certain class of people known as Socialists
have suggested that bats as well as all other necessities
of life, should be produced under a systei:n of National
Co-operation, where such items as:
Advertising, Ren t. . Interest, Insurance, Taxes, Profit
would be entirely eliminated, and at every s tage of
production one Item only would enter into the cost.
That item would be-LABOR.
As the actual time consumed In producing the ma terials of that bat, manufacturing, transporting, assembling and making \~uld certainly be not to exce d fiv e
hours, Mrs. Jones c
figu re that she could alford a new
hat as often as th fashions might · chan ge under the
Socialist system.
·
In fact the difference between five hours ·and five
days Is just about the sum or the total a d\·antage to
the workingman between Socialism and Capita Usm .
*
*
*
Mrs. Jones says : " 'Vhat makes me mad is that
Jones had to work four days a nd one-half earning hafs
and luxu ries for the. wh·es of a lot of other men, before
he could work five hours to gft me a bat."
I hold tbat the two crowning and most accursed sin!'
of society of th is present day are the carelessness with
which it regards t he betrayal of women and the brutality
with which It suffers the neglect of cbildren .~John
Rus kin.
''Capitalist civilization condemns the proletarian to
vegetate In conditions or existence inferior to those of
the a,·age."-Lafar_gue.
�The Western Co tll rade
A Vision of the Ne
191
Time
By DR. GEORGE W. CAREY
r,!]!~~==:."t lfiERE
are >;et Epics to be written. The
themes or poets and romancers hav~ not
been exhausted. The sleepJng souls of
great poems and thrilling romances rest
on California hllls and seaward cliffs, and
in mountain gorges, beneath the fir and
redwood's _shade, and He buried in the
sand where sagP. and cactus grow, waiting the resurrecting hand and wizard
touch of Imagination that will glorify the
literature or ages yet to be. Grlm witll<'s~es of trials and tragedies are In evidence from
Tamalpais to Point Lorna, and the story that the Pacific
keer1s sac red in Its archiv{'s will never he told "until
thP sea gin•s up its .dead ."
On the Mesas. the adobe soil of ancient Ptieblos, and
upo n the rocks nuiy be found the foot prints made by
sai nts and sa,·ages when nath·e and-nature clashed with
•·hurl'h and creed.
Tlw JlOII'('r that Jives and operates unseen behind the
manifestations of Nature decides the destines of men,
dties and nations . Balylon, Nineveh, Jerusalem, London. NPw York City, were fixtures in the Cosmic mind,
ht>fore Orion swung his clus tering Lamp of Peace across
t hP Soutlwrn Sky, or the morning stars chanted the
ju hllee song of creal ion.
The sites of great cities are cut out, carved, upreared,
'hy ·the artisans of wind and wave; of storm and rain;
uf c·ataclysmic shock and molten lava.
Later comes man. directed by the same power that
pn•pared the way, and rears a city.
No antique city of Europe pleases the artistic eyes
as dol's Lo~ Angeles, ''sitting on her bills of palms and
<lll\·es like .Jerusalem of old." To the 'north and east are·
the Incomparable mountains of Southern California;
while west and southweRt the Balboa sea spreads Its
.-lean page.
Glimmering waters and breakers
F'ar on the horizon's rim.
White salls and sea-gulls glinting
Away till the sight grows dimAnd shells spirit-painted with glory
Where sea-weeds beckon and nod_:_
Home people call It ocean
·
And others call it God.
Humboldt said that the center o.f the world's blgb,, st civilization would be found on the Pacific Coast, be•·ause climate, soil and geographical position favored
the climax.
·
Secure In ht-r strategic position Los Angeles has
hided her time. The flow of human life was swept on to
the world's extreme until the rising tide has found Its
l{'Yel and the matchless city, full rounded and Imperial
smilt-s to find herself a Queen.
The Master builder said: "It ye have faith, ye may
>ay to the mountain be thou cast into the ea and It
>hall be done."
·
And it came to paes; men have faith and are clea.vlng
the hills and mountai 1s In order that the Panama River
umy flow from the Atlantic Ocean to the Balboa Sea and
1ay the treasures of tt·e world at the feet or the modern
"Queen or Sheba" suted on a throne "SUTJlllSsing in .
''!'alth ~nd splendor the Ancient realm of Solomon . .
The Queen's domlnton spr ad wl b. e ery Circle ot
the 11un. Her cottage hpme and pala. s pnsh on over
the bills and nestle in the hacle Of the Sierra adre
Mountains. They spread out over tbe plaln to the southwest until they tront the Sea and look upon the white
manes or the smoking horses of
ptu:ne that for&Ver
charge against San Pedro's Sea-ward Clltts.
The East Is just over there In th We t and the
strange p ople of the Orient may now journey East to
find the Western Queen. LOad the camels, dark-eyed
Egyptian. Set thy face toward the land "o'ershadowed
by an eagle's wings," thou dweller on the NUe, for our
Queen has spread the feast and Invited the guests.
Here upon the westmost verge of tre dom's exultant
Empire the Spirit of Asia will infuse Itself into Western
enterprise, the old will be gathered together as a scroll
and a new parchment will be unrolled that will proclaim the gospel of truth, science and phllosophy.
I slept and dreamed. I saw the sunset of the old day
of sacred chivalry; the day when faith was both simple
and terrific.
·
"The world turned on ln the lathe of time
The hot lands heaved amaln
Till it caught Its breath from the womb of death,
And crept hito life again."
1 dreamed that I stood upon a mountaln peak in
Southern California and looked towards the Balboa
Sea. The desert biOS!ilomed and a commercial empire
full rounded spread out before me. From Santa Monica
to San Diego broad boulevards marked the ocean's
beach and clltfs, castles and towers and temples ~ere
everywhere, and the "Voice . of the Sea" chanted the
Jubilee anthem of the victory of mind. The pathway of
the eagle and the aeroplane Jay parallel, and man talked
to man across the spaces without wtre or artificial tran.s mltter or receiver; for the human braln had harnessed
the Ether, and the telepathy of mind was regnant.
Towns and cities had reached out friendly hands and
altruism prevailed where sel~shness bad held sway.
.Architecture was uniform and stately. The animal lnstlnct in man had evolved into um'Rn love and the miserable dwe111ng places called omes that offended esthetic, tastes in the days of poverty and competition
had disappear d and. In th.e ir places were Corin.t hlan
temples, frescoed, grained and gllde_d witb gold.
1 saw.no locks on doors; no priS'tml. In this Eden
there were no soldiers for the workers w support; no
battleships nor forts.
In this ' land men and women did not hire out to
another-did not sell their labor to the highest bidder,
nor their souls for place, power or "distlnctlon's worthless bad.g e."
In tbls land of love and· beauty there were no
'slaughter houses-no stock pens.
The fruits and grains and vegetables so bounteously
yielded by Earth's breast supplied the wants of the sons
and daughters of the fair ·land of my vision, and men
no lo'nger grew wealthy by the murder of men under the
guise of war, nor by the murder of animals u:nder the
plea of necessity or the demands of greed.
I saw a race of people who worked and served for
~o-operatlon had replaced competition,
love, wher
where love relgnoo Instead of bate a.nd envy.
In the land I saw, machln.eq did the world's work,
�192
The Western Comrade
and all the people owned all the machines. They did not
make machines out of flesh and blood and muscle, but
from wood and iron and steel.
The. men and women in this Beulah land loved children more than the~Joved dogs and monkeys, and put
human happiness before creeds, books, bibles, customs,
Jaws, Institutions, kings, queens, czars, kaisers, supreme
courts or presidents.
·
The people In this Arcadia knew that the "Heavens
declare the glory of God" and that "There is no language where their voices are not heard." Th se people
knew that law is eternal and cannot be made, repealed
or violated.
·
The products of labor, in this happy land, were distributed equally. to all according to their needs, and
there were no idle rich-no idle jJoor- no millionaires
and no !Jeggars. Above ttle material world I saw miraged in the air Ca!Jrlllo's phantom ship, the mi<>Sion at
Old Towu, San Luis Obispo, Soledad, Dolores, San Gabriel, Santa Darbara, Sa-n Juan Capistrano, San Carlos,
San Antonio, San Miguel, Los Angeles, San Juan. I
saw the conquistadores, the Indian Neophytes, and
heard th eir plaintive "f,.ve Marias." Some were count~
ing !Jeads and mumbling "Hall Marys" and some were
weaving baskets. I saw the priests of the old time bow
and kneel and make the s ign of the cross; and In their
midst, his face radiant as the sun, stood .Junlpero Sera,
chanting "Gloria in Excelsis l)eo." And then Ramona
and Alessandro hand in hand, looked down upon me
a nd smiled as th ey walked along El Camino Real in the
c louds.
I awakened from roy s leep and exclaimed. '"It was
not all a dream."
'!:h e· wonderful Hebrew prophet and poet Isaiah
wrote as follows: "The wilderness and the solitary
place s hall be glad for them; and the desert shall re joice and blossom as a rose."
'
"The eyes of the blind shall be opened and the ears
of th e deaf s hall be unstopped."
"No lion shall be there, nor any ravenous beast shall
grow up thereon; It shall not be there; but the redeemed shall walk there.''
"And the ransomed of the Lord shall return and
come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon thei~
heads; they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow
and sighing shall fl ee a way.''
The brotherhood of man is reality soon to be r ecognized. 'rhe Co-operative Commonwealth is not simply
a dream of the visionary.
All concrete facts are materialized dreams. A dream
of an ancl ut alchemist solidified in stone and the awful
Sphinx sat down in Egypt's sand to gaze into e ternity.
Columbus dreamed and a white-sailed ship turned Its
prow west and ever west.
On uncharted seas, with an eternity · of water ahead
the good mate said, according to the fancy of Joaquin
Miller, "Not even God would know if I and all m·y men
dropped dead- and uow good Admiral, what shall we
do?
·
The Admiral said, "Sail on, sail on, sail on, and on."
Columbus remembered his dream, and "made good."
Michael Angelo dreamed a thousand dreams and sleepIng marble awoke atld smiled. Hudson and Fulton
dreamed and steamboats ran "over and under tbe seas." ,.
The Pilgrim Father's dreamed and America, the "marvel or nations," banners the skies with the Stars and
Stripes.
Washington and Jefferson dreamed and the "New
England farmer fired the shot heard "round the world."
- The slgn6l's ...ot the Declaratlon.-- ot.......Indepeudence .. _
dreamed, 9:nd then sent their ultimatum across the A~·
lantic careering like a thun~r stor,m against the gal.e
to tell a gor,mandizing, drun, n ld:ng, sitting on a throne
of purple and goTiJ, even as ode.rn ca;pltalillm sits on
tbe. ·laborer's back, that they would no longer &ubmit to
his "tyranny, taxes and sta.ndi.ng anny )n time· ot
peace."
'
· •
John Brow.n, Greeley, Garrison, Lovejoy, and Harriet
Beecher Stowe dreamed of freedom tor ~he chattel slave
and then the monstrous idea that any p6l'son is good
enough to own the body of anqth61', be he black or
white, was .shot to death on the slippery slopes. of Gettysburg and before the· gates of Richmond.
Marcus Whitman and Lewis and Clarke dreamed
long and hard and the bones of oxen and men and women and babes made a bridge across the desert sands
and mountain gorges to t he ·shores of the Sundown Sea,
and now tbe Pullman cars come 'Safely over.
Morse and Marconi and Edison dreamed strange,
wild dreams and concentrated intelligence springs from
carbon -crucible a.nd says to earth's boundaries, "Lo!
hero am I."
\"lbration of etherlc substance
Causing light through regions of space,
A girdle of something enfolding
And binding together the race;
And words without wires transmitted,
Aerial-winged, spirit-sandaled and shod;
Some call It e lec"tricitYI
And others call it God.
A mechanic dreamed and man sprang upon his automobile and drove it till the axles blazed and tbe
spaces shriveled behind him. Men of high-strung, airy
brains dreamed WOnd i"OUS dreams, and nOW the eagle's
highway and the open road of men lie parallel.
A musician dreamed a sweet harmonious dream and
forth from a throat of brass directed by a million tiny
fingers of steel came the entrancing notes that run .
riot through the singer's brain.
Karl Marx, Edward Bellamy, Henry George, Victor
Berger, E ugene V. Debs, Stitt Wilson and a host of
men and women, thrllled by the Divine Fire of Brotherhood, dreamed, and out of the vanishing clouds of war
and corop tition there looms the outlines of the glorious
temple of the co-operative commonwealth.
Dream on M n, dr am on Wren, for in the distance I he~r the tramp of tb~ roigh y hosts of regenerated humanity coming to · stnke th shackles from your
limbs.
.
·
Even now, amid the clash of contending armies and
op[)osing int r sts I see the Commonwealth loom. 'l'he
darkness of the water age- the flood that covered the
wbole earth shall pa s away and the Ark of Humanity·
shall i"e t on the Ararat of Peace. The age of Realization
has dawned.
'l'he prom! e of a R generated Humanity has
touched the mountain peaks of thought with resplendent
light.
.
He who knows not, and knows not tbat he' knows
not, is a fool; shun him. He who knows not, and knows
that be knows not, . is untaught; teach him. He who
knows, and knows not that h~ knows, is alseep; wake
him. He wbo knows, and knows that he knows Is
wise; follow hlm.- Arablan Proverbs.
· '
lll fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,
---Wh6l'e-wealth .accumulates and .men _decay:.
-Goldsmith.
1
1
�The Western Comrade
e Flare of the New
~:;:I~!!!!!!!!!!!!~ HE~ was unusual excitement in San
Gabriel. Autos were darting about
plastered with banners on which was
bluzoned, ··vote for Mills," "Vote for
McCarty." The very air seemed tense.
Jane Kirk was putting on her hat.
Starlled by a clear peal of the doorbell
and wondering who could be comi ng so
'early in the morning, she opened, and
was greeted ''•ith:
liiiO;;;:;;;;;:;;;;;:;;;;;:;;;;:a
"My dear Mrs. Kirk, won't you come
with me in my machine? It Isn't that I wish to influ.. ·IH·c your \'Ote. though 1ny husband Is on the ticket.
I licliE'\'C in people voting ns they like, but the polls
arf' such a di~tatwe."
"Thank you," said .lntw. amused; "but 1 enjoy the
walk. On which ticket does Mr.-pardon, what Is the
The eag-er lady flushed:
"\\'hy, dou't you kuow Mr. Heuolds? My husband Is
runniug- for assonhlyman on the Republican ticket."
"Oh!" ThP half- mocking smile appeared again.
"Then you won't come?"
"~o. thauk you."
Mr~. HP.\'IIO!ds jumpeL' into the machine, and with
au angry look was off.
.Jane ;;tood and looked after the dlsap11earing woman.
Till' smile flared up and displayed itself with fine scorn.
.lane Kirk was a Socialist. Few of the people In San
(;al•ricl kn P\\' what a Socialist really is, but It meant
a <'hang~>, and God forbid there s hould be any change
i11 this Jlrrfect country of an almost perfect world; besidPs, she was known to ha \'e remarked:
"Advantagps s hould not be decided before a child's
birth, and each should ha\'e an equal opportunity.''
She also had a most c ritlca:l way of, drawing comparisons- but, she remained In their midst, with them,
though not of them.
As .Jane stat;ted down the steps, she saw the postman coming.
"Lette1·s ?" she asked.
"No, Mrs. Kirk.'' cordially answered the postman.
"Only yo6r papers." It was the first time he bad ever
gi\:<>n her a civil reply. "You must do a ·beap of reading,'' he added.
''One must keep abreast of the times."
"Going to Yote?" be· queried.
She nodd d.
·"John Mills Is a fine man."
Jane opened her paper. ln blg headllnes was, "Frank
~larks, 'A Bomb of Mentui Dynamite!'"
She showed it to the postman. With a disgusted
~ runt, he passed on.
Jane Kirk had been a globe trotter, not for pleasure,
hut to earn a living. "Tired of forever going up and
<town another's stairs;" forever forming acquaintances
which had not tlme to ripen Into friendship, there came
a ne d for repose. So, when she found this llttle village, sb said:
"1 will be an Arab . no longer. Here I pitch my tent
and r st."
Looking down the quiet street, with the grass peeping up through the crannies of the cobblestones, indl··ating that not enough feet bad pr ssed them to stay
thei• growth, her longing gaze rested on the llttle cot•ages with their yards and flowers. Sb began making
inquiries Ill$ to land and values, for globe trotting had
l93
By
PELEE
left her only ~nough tor a few years' independence.
When the vJilagers answered o genially, dir cting her
to the places for sale so eagerly, she took them "into
her heart and named them "New Found Friends."
A tiny bungalow soon reared its proud head and
sheltered Jane Kirk and her family. Gradually the
petty lltthiness of some of her new found friends dawned
upon her. They tall:ed or God and against their neighbor in a breath. Th <'~ spoke loudly on the blessedness
of charity, and "h" ted at the same time.
Bnt today everything was different. Harmony
reigned. People who had not spoken for a year, g1·eeted
each other with a cheery "Good morning; fine day.''
It was a fine day-in the life of Jane Kirk. She bad
lost some of those she loved best for her principles;
but today, at last, after years of waiting, she stood an
equal human. Her little s lip of paper counted for just
as much as that of the richest man In San Gabriel.
·
Here came Hank Selby, one of the strongest posts
in the church. He hated her ·w ith a true fa:natlc's
hatred, than which nothing is more corroding. But
Hank Selby was on the Republican ticket, and Jane Kirk
represented a vote. He had fought woman suffrage, be
had fought every progre'sslve movement since the ballot
·was placed In his hands, and spirits like Jane Kirk had
l>en1 forced to conciliate, to beg their rights from such
as he. As she passed him on the road, he smiled, a
mirthless smile. But this time, Jane Kirk did not smile;
with mocking disdain, she looked . him square in the
eyes-and passed on.
At the polls, people were grouped here and there
talking excitedly. A table stood nearby on which was
a large printed card with the names of voters. She approached nonchalantly, wishing to convey the impression that voting was an every-day custom; inwardly she
hoped she wouldn't do anything ridiculous. She knew
for whom she was voting and why, but she did not
understand the procedure. As she hesitated, a voice at
her elbow said:
"At·e you looking for your number?"
Beside her stood one of the homeliest men she had
ever seen: a face carved like the ~ncient wood carvings
in the cathedrals of Europe, ever line crude.
"You will find It here," he add d.
.
Jane follow d him to the tab! . .
"The name?" be queried.
"Jane Kirk."
He ran his finger down the columns, as· he came
across her name, his face glowed, his eyes brightened,
a radiance nveloped and transformed him. Jane was
amazed at tbe tra nsition. A lltlle poem to a bulb
flitted through her mind:
"Misshap n, black, unlovely . to ·the sight,
Oh mute companion to the murky mole,
You must feel overjoyed to have a white
Imperious, dainty lily for a souL"
He held out his hand. "Comrade!" Then she knew,
they both smiled.
"We are few in numbers," Jane said, " but great in
deeds.'' And she passed in.
In th:at booth came the supreme moment of Jane
Kirk's life. She bad heard the audience of a thousand
throats call out her name; she bad felt the pelt of
roses thrown by enthusiasts, as she made them laugh
and weep and feel; but she had never known the triumph of-this moment, as alone In that Tlftle oooth, she
bad put an indelible cross next to Joseph Mason, So-
�194
The Western Comrade
"l don. t even know it yo are Miss or Mrs.''
clallst; Frank Marks, Socialist; and so on down th&
"Mrs.,'' Jane promptly t!:_epUed.
line, Socialist, Socialist, Socialist,. untll she came to
"What!'' Mms f lt a qlteer little pain in his throat.
Hank S lby, Republican, then she looked around for a
"It's getting beastly bot," he growled. ''This counrubber stamp to mark her disapproval, and felt distry is teo dusty."
·
appoint d when she could not find one. Search1ng in
They walk d some dtstaM fn sile'nc'l!. J'a.n s was
her handbag .for ape nell, she remembered she must not
the tl.rst tO. apeak: •
mark <!le ballot. She sighed. The afterthought came:
".A.re you fond ot poems?"
Hank Selby woufd win now, 'but they would win in the
Marks look d at l}er k e:n.ly.
future. There was splendid satisfaction that principle
"I ·used to be.''
·
stood back of this mark, that this little Indelible mark
"And now?"
meant on more prot st against corruption and oppres"I bai.e all po try,'' .he savag ly an weted.
sion. Her mark was little now, but It would grow!
They ha'd reacQ.ed Jan 's .house.
Into the sunshine she went. 'fhe comrade was wait"Good bye," he said, holding Ollt his band.
ing. He approached, saying ;
"Will you not com in?"
"Did you do It?"
" o thanks."
"Yes," she answered, adding iii a whisper, "It was
om.e day,'' sh
·"But you will ome and ee u
the first time in my life."
asked. "Couldn't You bring the el ction returns a,nd
"Anu no split ticket?" he questioned.
have breakfast wlth us tomorrow? It is so refreshing
"How can you ask?"
.~
under the orange· tr ea in the arlY morning."
She hau met this m8.n ten minutes before, yet she
A deep r d dyed Mark11' tace. This woman with the
felt she hau known him a life time. He did not ask 1f
great trustful eyes wa playing with him. None but
he might walk with ·her; he simply sauntered along.
words of good comrad hip had passed between them-'·
They talkeu togeth e~ as old friends.
Y t, he r It sur she knew. As b stood sm\.lj.ng a t.
" l•'lne cool morning, isn't it?" be remarked .
him so Innocently, an impul e s i.zed him to play witt
"Do you know the man· who Is running for Senator,''
her at her own game.
Jan e asked .
. "Jt's growing bot in the un,'' Jan stepped back
"You mean Frank Marks?"
und r the shadow of the porch. "May I bring you a
"Yes, 'The Hom IJ of 1\fent.al Dynamite!' "
drink~
·
"Yes, I know him. He's not a bad sort when you
"No, l must be off. J am going up in tb mountains
get acquainted with him."
as soon as the election is ov r. "ii\Then I return rn run
"Strang , I nevet· heard of him before this election;
in and see you and your husband." ·
after all It Isn't so strange. I don't know the Socialists
"My husband?" .Jane laughed mockingly.
In our town ."
"But you said-" Marks was on the porch b side her
• "You may make my acquaintance if you like,'' he
in a moment.
·
roguishlY replied.
"Oh, that Is ancient history."
"I think 1 have alr ady Jl'lade it; that word comrade
He look d at her inquiringly, reproach.fullr. Jane
is the IJigg st loom in the world. It knits all cr ed, all
answered the look:
nallonailti s."
"You are shock d?"
"l am glad to hear you speak Ilk that,'' h r joined.
"Oh, no, I suppo e a husb~;t·nd tp an actress is an
At this junctur , Mrs. Reynolds passed in her autoincident."
mobile. The car was filled with several wom
They
Jane bit b r lips, she answered slowly, each icy
ouple s'trolll.ng al ng. After
turned and stared at th
word cut th air: ·
th y had passed, the word '"actress" and an inslnua~ng
"An actr as i first of all a woman!"
giggle was distlnctl audible. Their in ol n e s nt the
"Pardon, 1 did not m an- "
blood rushing to Jan 's face. H r companion xpof!tUWith a
sture sh wav d away his apologies.
Inted :
·
"Yqu wond r that I can laulb. Thank God I can"What do you care for a lot of viJiag go sips?"
onc.e I ould not- a long tim , could not- an actr ss
A couple of workm n came along.
leants to laugh-" ·
"H llo there, Mark ·!" The omrade shook bands
.
he open d tb door.
·
with th m. "You an count o.n two more vot ," they
·~hat a bright ell erful room'," Marks r mark d.
said as they swung along.
·
Th y ent r d.
"How foolish of me,'' murm.ut· d Jane, "I never sus• * • • • • • ~ •
P ted."
Frank Marks dHI not go o th legi .lf\tur that year.
Marks smil d.
H · and h.is wrf w n to tb.\3 mountains ln tead.
"You imagin d a enator would ·bav to be a big,
handsom chap." Jan looked guilty. "Come now,
'f ss up."
Tb.e at·th spr ads out b fore us, .rich in it r sources
Jane stopped in front of a cottage covered with
b yond the power of the Imagination. The in entive
tiow ring vines.
genius of man bas aptured t'he lightning, snatched th
"Look, isn't that glorious? What color!" he added,
tlnma rbolt from tne band of J.ove, and grasped all the
•· uppos · I had said something dreadful about you ?1'
fore s of natur and on.v rted tbem inte titanic toilers
Marks laughed, and said:
for the hildr n of xn n. The earth aod its glorious and
"My, what a fine day!"
its riotous abundan
and man with his miraculous
"Y a,'' Jane answered, "the finest in the year."
,.
produ Uve power, scout th.e idea that poverty is to forMarks was watching a humming· bird:
' 'et s ourge tbe bi.U.na_n race: The past, in the density
"Look at that bumming bird drinking from the
of its· ignorance and the. nigh.t of its superstition, may
honeysuckle cup."
·
be excused. But the living present with all its myriad
They sauntered on. Marks exclaimed:
available agencies for producing food, clothing, shelter,
"You haven't told me the story of your life yet,
and lor the education of the children and the ditfusion
_ either"
------'------.,.---,---IOLlight..an.d.lnt.ell
e masses can make no
Jane . smiled mysteriously. There was a long p ause. ·
such plea.-Eugeoe V. De
n.
�The Western Comrade
...
195
The World's Bat k Yard
By
THOMAS
W. • WILLIAM
Secretary of the Social! t• Party 'o(
r::~~~~~ J~RWII'\
indicated two chief factors In the
process of evolution. First, the nature
of the organism. Second, environm nt.
Heredity demands likeness, variation
implies differentiation, uoth of which
are manifested in all organisms.
Figs grow on fig trees. All figs are
not alike. Human beings reproduce human !Jeings, but no two individuals are
identical.
Rabbits do not beget kittens. Eagles
tlo not produce chi<-kens. Lambs are always embryonic
,;hleP- tlH'Y arp never hor~es, yet some lambs have
longer legs than others and arc different in nearly e1·ery
oth(•r parti<"ular.
·
Externa'l influences, such as climate, hare a predisposing influPnce on all animal life.
I1 is 1hP nature of eve1·y creature to adapt Itself to
a Ill' " . l'Ill'ironment. Dirds change color when transportt•d to diflerent countries. Bugs and insects are
1-\r!•Pn in eountries whpre there is much muistur.e and
o·onsrquently dense follagt!; they are urown in arid or
'<'llli -arid countries, where protection demands that they
rPsPm blc thE< !Jruwn rocks m· dry sands.
( 'Iimate, social and moral surroundin gs affect na1 inns as well as individuals. Jf I had been bom in Turk<·Y. I shou ld, in all probability, have been a. Mohamllll'Uan.
\\'eisman indicates two kinds of organisms-sexual
and non- sex ual. 'l'he moneron (non-sexual) produces
through division . Among sex animals, including man,
1 ht•rp is always manifest two kinds of cells; namely,
gPrm cells and body cells. '
The gerfn c·clls, tru e to the thesis of heredity, reprolin<'<' · thl' fundam ental specie. They eliminate a.ll, or
IH·arly all, artificial abnormalities in the immediate pa.r<·nts. The IJody cells, however, are molded and shaped
by Pnvirunments. The germ cells assert themselves and
a 111an is !Jorn. uut the kind of man be Is to be-that is,
.whPther he becomes a loyal citizen OI' a. criminal- is
larg-ely dt>lermined by environm ent.
111 dealiug with crime and cri monolo.gy, different thefl ric·s present themsell'es. First, absolute freedom of
will. The ad1·ocates of this th ory claim that every ln dil·idual possesses the freedom and power of will to do
whatever he desires. Second, fatalism . Tbe supporters.
c1F this theory maintain that 'man is absolutely h lJlless,
one school !Jelie1·ing in the divine flat, and the other
nmin taining that external environment dominat s the
Iuotives and acts of men;
Lombroso. the . world-renowned criminologist, said:
'' Pauperism has t~o causes-corrupt heredity and viclpus environment. The correction of corrupt her dl-ty
i>< change of en1·Jronment."
\'on Litsz said: "Crime is the product of only one
iudividual factor (heredity) and countless socilil factors
1•·nv1ronme'nt.)"
It is generally known that crime and disease are
more widespread among the poor tha.n among the rich.
This Is more largely due to the conditions und.er which
the poor are compelled to live rather than any inferiority of inheritance.
.
_
The Drltlsh Interdepartmental Committee, after years
alifornia
hildreu ot
of resea.r h, unhe itatlngly r port d, "Th
the poor are born tbe physi al equals of tb children ot
the rich." ·
a.ture will make ev rything contribute to the wellbeing of the ra.ce, even to the acrlftce of the mother In
ord r to start the next generation right.
This n ga.te11 the idea that "the fittest in every way
s urvive." Darwin's ppsltion Is that the fittest tQ survive
under existing conditions, whether good or bad according to existing standards, will survive.
Man is what his forebears and xperience ha.ve made
him.
·
What a. man does depends upon what he is. What
hC' is depends on his b1· ed a.n d his experience.
Herbert Spencer said: "Wha.t ver amount of power
nn organism expends In any shape is. tbe corr la.te and
e(]uivalent of a. power tba.t was taken into it from wjthuut."
We do not blame the child for the color of its yes,
nor do we hold it respon lbl for the texture of its ba1r.
Why, then, should we attach responsibility for any other
hereditary faculty or power?
Heferring a.gain· to the la.w of variation, suppose I
have t11ro vessels containing colored fluid, one r d a.nd
the other black. I have another vessel which Is empty.
If I take the first vessel·and pour a quantity or the r ed
· fluid into the third vessel and do likewise with the
black, what do I ha.ve? I will have a liquid possessing
som of the elements of the first and some of the ele·
ments of the seco~ . yet dil'rerlng In hue f_rom either.
In this way th e law of sex operates in the animal world.
The new bom child does not JlOssess one single trait
that has not been handed down to It by its forebears.
lt Is .conteuded that "A man can be good wher ver
he is." that he "has the pow r to change or to create
his environment." This d pends on the strength of his
own nature which he has inherited from his forbears, his
experience, and the character of his environments. Two
men may !Je thrown tto the cunent. One man w!II
swim to shore and sa e his life while the other sinks.
Both ma.y understand the art of swimming, yet • one
ma.y possess sup rior muscular power which enables him
to stem the current.
Place a Ilttl girl in a. back ya1·d a.nd surrounded by
a high fen wb r filth and mire abound, and inevitably h r ga.rm nts will be oiled. You may punish her,
you ma.y ask God to put the love ot cleanliness In her
heart, all to no purpose. The only solution of tbe dlf- "'
flculty Is to fill up the mud puddle a.nd sow blue grass
a.nd clover in that ya.rd; making it possible for the child
to ke.ep clean.
.
'
The old doctrine thfl.t a man is I? gotten in sin is
fal e. The Creator did not xact vlrttie and right living and proceed forthwith to make It almost Impossible
of execution by retroactl ve environments. No true
father ever enjoined virtue and then built road-houses
along life's journey. All the forces of nature are converging for man's advance. 'l'he deterrants a.re ma.n-"'
made and must be eliminated. An lndivldua.l may to an
extent ma.ke his own environment. Other environments
sha.pe and mold his life. Some environments a.re pro-duced by society. Society a.lone can change them.
Some people Insist that an lndlvldual can change hls
�1 !J(j
The Western Comrade
envlronmPnt, whatever It may be. The ai.Jsurdlty of
such a contention IR aptly indicated in the following
satire :
"l•'or he himself has Raid it,
And it's greatly to his credit,
That he is an E ngliKh man ; .
He might ha,·e bee n a Roosian,
A· F'n·nch man, Turk, or Proosian,
Or e \'en Italian,
But in s pite of all temptations,
To be long to oth r nations,
He remains an Englishman."
\'il'louK heredity can be changed under wholesome
c•n\ lr'<Jillll <'llt In a few ge ne rations. The civilization of
I.Pn c•(•nlllrl el! <·an I.Je wi ped out In one ge ne ration
through ltaneful !.'nvironm ent.
l\Jorali:;t+; of th e world have failed to g rasp th e conditions making for human life and happiness. \\'e have
ltuilt IH!nitPntiari!'K, asy lum s, and de te ntion homes t o
t'PRll'nln crirni nal K an d - have permitted the s lum, th e
It rot he! and th e demoralizing forces of the world to go
unrcs tnolru•rl. If ortt•-tPnth of the money now s pPnt
In pPna l an d lnj,;anc institutiom; were 's pe nt in maintaining w hole!!om c e n vlronrne nt for ch ild hood, we wou ld
have• th e millennium in one generation.
l'reven t ion iH preferable to Pu re. !'.resent duty demands th P l'ilmlnatlon of the s lum, the r emoval of th e
baneful influences which dwat·f and destroy th e potentlalili<•H uf thre<'-fourths of the race.
A c·hilcl horn in th e hov e l, with a saloon on-one s ide
a nd a hrotlie l on the other, is Inevitabl y des tin ed to a
life of ('l'imc. That Hame child placed In the cou ntry,
with the birds and animals for companions, would grow
up luto an honorable and worthy man.
Our hopes for th e future are bound up in this law
of environment and Its workings. The knowledge of
this fuct gives a k e n sense of the r esponsibility restin~ upon the 11resent generation to so s hape the envi ronm e nt that the high est qualities of manhood and
citize ns hip may be dcv loped rathe r than base and
selfis h lnstlucts which are invariably brought to the
fore wh en the s truggle for existe nce becomes too fierce.
Giraffes have long necks. Tbey live off the leaves
of trees. 'l' hc s horter neck d fellows die off because
they cannot reach the food, and only the long necked
onPS live l~r,rott gh till mating season, he nce th e tend ency
to lung nE>cks. 'l'h re would be plenty of food for all if
the I on~ uecked an imal would commence away up and
Pat down and allow the shorter necked fellow to get all
the I.Jr·owslng there is I.Jclo w. Why .do they not do t his?
Decause th ey follow the rule of th e jung le. Do human
b ings do any diffe rent in this regard?
o. They
are like giraffes.
\Yo must so organize society that we can get beyond
th e giraffe standard. 'l'lio brute struggle of the jungle
mus t gl\·o way to a social r elationship which comprehends all within its relation. This Is the aim of the
Socialist movement.
Socialism llas no quarrel with the moralist, nor with
the church. nor with any agency which Is working for
the emancipation of the race. Socialists, however, do
assert that It Is n travesty to spend our time and energy
in fighting and struggling fo r happiness In " the sweet
by anq by" and yet remain oblivious to the pain, misery
aud drgrudatlon which now is. \\ o demand that the
back yards of the world be cleaned up. 'We d emand
that e very child, regard! s of his parentage, be guaranteed au abundance of wholesome food, that he be
cloth d and fed and educated. and that the state be
r spousible. th refor. The child Is first the charge of
the s tate; second the ar~ or lbe par nt . · If the par-
ents fail to do~eir duty to the child, let us punish the
par nts; but,
the name of humanity, let us cease to
exact sufferin !rom the cllUd because of the defelection of his forebears.
The statement, "Self pre)!ervatlon· is the first law of
nflture," is in contra vention 'of all the facts of history.
• In the 4ungle, in tbe wilds where wolves congregate;
on the mountain top; alike among sa'ltages, barbarians
and civilized people, race preservation Is the law of
life. We must recognize that our interests are correlated with the interests of every other Individual. We
must di vorce ou rselves from the heresy of Individual
realization and consecrate our lives to the e mancipation of the entire race.
The Little Comforters
By Margaret Wlddemer
I have my little tho.ughts for comforters ;
They run by me all day
•
Hold i ng up perfumed memory that stirs
My dull accustomed way.
They murmur of green lanes we used to go
( For here the snrlnR for11ets
To set the roadways thick with grass, and sow
The paths with violets!)
Here tl)e hot city crashes, and all words
Thunder or scream or cry,
Yet there were lake-sounds once ( they tell), and b lrda
Called from a twilight sky.
There still a night wind strokes the slumberers
And the cool qrass lies deep • • •
h a ve my l i ttle thoughts for comforters,
Who wh isper me to sleep.
"Fools Rush In"
One fool sailed westward t ill he found a world;
One fpund new words w i th i n the m ind of man ;
The cynics called Columbus charlatan
And bu rned Giordano Bruno ! • • • Who unfurled
The heavens like a scroll, that man might know,
But fooli sh Gallleo ? • • • Who began
Our new free art and thouoht and social plan,
But th at poor outcast crazy fool , Rousseau ?
There Is one toast the future ages dri nk
Standlng!-To tho~e who dare, rush In, and dle ! Those who defy al rights and break all rule :,
Who fight lmposslb e battles, and whp th i nk
True thou ghts-of whom with one accord we cry,
' 'The fools , the foo ls, the fools!-God bless t he fools! "
- Curtis Hidden Pa ge, In Harper's Magaz i ne.
The Story of a Socialist
Mayor
(continued from page 1 7.)
board, thus placing three SociaUsts in one voting body
for the fir st time. The comrades in some places and
some in Berkeley complained that this Berkeley move- ·
ment was a one-man affair, that when I pulled out it
would go to smash. But such is not the case. The
Berkeley mo,·e.ment is built on a vigorous and r ational
education In Socialism, as the election of Mrs. Beals
at the moment of my withdrawal manifestly shows.
Two years from now a good, strong, able candidate on
our ticket wlll land the mayoralty and we will get a
majority on the council and Berkeley will remain iii
the Socialist column.
�The Wes-tern Comrade
..,...
A Try-out
•
lll
,
By STANLEY
N response to Cook Nels order, the
cookee had seized the broken peevy
hook that stuck by its point In one ·of
.
the Jogs in the rear wall of the cook
house and proceeded to "agitate the triangle." To one unaccustomed to · the
Washington woods and the appetites of
loggers in those regions, the result of
the 11rst tones of the "grub shouter"
would have made him think an alarm
of tire Ol' other disaster was sounding.
Instantaneously there was a hastening of an always
hasty toilet on the part of the occupants or the splitl"edal· F.hacks that domi ciled the eigh.ty odd men of No. 3
l'lllllJI of the Advance Lumbei· Co., a tossing aside of
~r imy to\\'els anu colllhs in various s tagt:s of dental disligurnllon, and a hundred und sixty odd feet frisked as
n•auy spike-soled boots toward the cook house, as
1ho11gh life or fortune were at stake.
::>upper In Camp No. 3 was not a tragedy by any
utcans. It waR a delight, for Boss Jack Murphy was a
utuu who b iieved that rood feeding brings its compo·usation In good work, and Cook Nels was the one
··uok in the camps of Washington to criticize whose culinary conjurations was a sin that could not be overlooked or forgiven by his epicurean devotees-as were
all who had "et after him."
Murphy himself bad just pulled to th door of his
otnce, which also s rved as a store for the nccommodat ion of the m n, with a short count I', a gander-legged
tiPH I<, som shch· s stock d wllb articles of loggers' use,
and a bed for the timel}eep r, 'YhO also served the camp
a~ hool<keepcr, scaler and clerk. Boss Jack was never
in a huny at meal lim . It was r emarked by Mick
\\'nlsh that th boss was "mor \1v a . con-nis-ser then a
t•nnSIIill I' ll\' {;I'Ub."
Hl ~ ht her I t us digr ss a mom nt to note that Jack
~lu l')lhy wa · the ld al Jogging boss, and that's saying
a good deal. 'fbe logg r is a str ng. skilled, Cea.rless,
n ·ckl ss, ind~vendent Individual. ' H is a fighter by_
trade r. ud he must be one by nature or see~ another
" ''''IJ Jllltion. The logging boss rtms t have all th qualit lcs or th logger, but In a great r degree.
Th ~sE' Jack Murphy had, and in tb
superlative degl·e . n s id
he t od lx fe t two, weighed just
••nou h unde1· 200 pounds
make his poundage an advan tage, arid if look w re a featur in a logging camp
hl• sure had, as a tramp moo h,er who once visited the
<'<llllll remarked, "Adonis backed clear off the b auty
;;helt."
·
~I u rph)· bad pulled the office door to, wb n he was
tli'CO ted by a h arty " 'Evenln' " and saw before him a
tlgure of no m an proportions, with a face much In need
<t( tonsorial attention, and
lad in garments Intensely
iudicatlv of the handiwork of that industrious and
tn ntl\ t1 artorlallst- Hard Luck.
"Looldn' f r a job. Anythln' doln'?" came again
with the arne anomalous heartiness.
m on in and eat," was the reply, as the boss
started for the oook house.
In Ide Nel ' mporlum, each found a seat as he
could, and then comer-proved-both]L "con-1ils-ser an'
I"On umer u grub."
w::::=:::!::=::=~
I
to
197
the Woods
B'. WILSON
Next morning the name of Mati.hew Bu;ns was entered in the tim book, also in the day book with a
healthy-looking list ot purchases from the store stock.
Fumlslled an axe, pick and shovel, Burns wa.s directed to report to Dutch Charlie, boss of the skid road
crew. To experienced loggers this was evldenc.e that
he was an apprentice in the ways of the woods.
The skid road ' as a hard primary school; and Dutch
Charlie was notorious as a bard boss. He could work
harder, swear loud r and tlercer and bold a grouch
longer than any other Individual in the logging business.
Burns was meat-large, juicy porterhouse-for Dutch
Charlie. At least Charlie so estimated him When he
reported for work. A man, a full-grown man of Burns
type must Indeed be in sor need of a job to accept one
In a Jogging camp and be vlllln~; to tackle. the skid road.
And Charlie was one who delighted in collaborating
with necessity against human .feelings.
Burns stood waiting for Instruction .
"Veil, vot you waiting vor? Vy don't you go to
vork?"
"I am waiting for you to show me what you want
m.e to do," repUed the novice, with a shade of amusement.
"Veil, vat you got tern axe and piak and sbofels for,
to tig der skeed h·o les, ain'd idt? V II, tig dem!"
BUJ:ns took advantage of the dialogt1e to study the
operatlolls of the rest of the crew, mie of whom beckoned to him.
"The Dutchman Is sure dirty this morning. Lost his
vile in a black. jack game down at Millson last night.
Dig there." And the a.ccommodating skidder Indicated
a spot a few feet from wher be was digging.
. Burns was a willing worker. But Charlie was an
exacting and unreasonable boss. The liarder the novice
delved, the harder the skid road boss 'tongue-lashed him.
'l'be skid boles w re itlter too long or two short, too
wide or too natrrow, too deep or too shallow, too far
apart or too clo together.
Burns didn't
m to mind the abuse of the belligerent boss. Rls n(lltrerence only served tb increase
Charlie's belligerencY.
"Dot boles vas too teep!" b screamed, 'approaching
the hole i.n which Burns was working.
The big novice reached up soddenly, seized the skid
boss and dropped him into the hole at his feet. Then
leaping out of the hole he began to shovel earth upon
his prostrate pest.
"'
"There you durned little gnat," he grinned as he
dashed an xtra heavy shovelful in the face of the
scrambling harlie)' I'm just givin' you a taste of
what's comin' to you one of these nJce days 1! you don't
ee the aggravatin' an' everlastin' error of your way,s:'
He reached down, Ufted the now frightened and
co\\•ed bully out of the bole, and shook him bodily to
relieve him of his extra load of dirt.
*
* *
A month later, Burns was called into the office \)y
Boss Jack Murphy. It was after supper and the men
were all In their shacks.
_ _
-wtien Burns eniered . the office, he found Murphy
hanging blankets' over the windows.
�Tbe Western Comradle
"Just tum that key, Matt," saldl .Mtu]lhy. ..Don't
want no one to butt in."
{_
Bums mmed the key, &at downon the edgE( of the
clerk's !Jed and waited.
·•twach under the bed, tbere. Matt. an• pun out that
nox. and get wbat's In it.~ He ~id as directed. and
turned a ~t·t or boxing gloves odto the bM.
.. Mau. I want you to strip to the waist, pull on a pair
or them glo\·es and do your damdest to lick. me, for
that's what 1'm going to do to you."
..S!lrc. Boss," replied Burns, 'ftith his usual good
humor, and at once proceeded ·to prepare for the encounter.
:'o>atur·e ne\ er made two creatures more alike physIcally than the pair who faced each other In ·the little
omce building that e\·ening, and ne ver did more perfectly developed and traint'd gladiators engage for
phys ical supre macY.
"
Theirs not the errattc tr-aining of lhe prize ath.lete,
hut or pprfect phyRical me n conditioned by natural
health , clean lil'lug nnd hard work.
•· 1\o rourid ~ ·- throu);h to the finish; no bugging; no
lllltlling on th e ~-{round; a man's s crap, best man wins,"
prcHc rlliPd Murphy. "Heady- go to It, tillicum! ··
·
Th.ey t~ lu,~uk hnnds. s tepped back, each smiling and
aJer·t wllh the al rtness of mental poise and faculties
unimpaired and accustomed to instant obedience to will.
!:3puco wa H limited, but though giants, 'much space
Wl\!1 uot required. ·There was no foot-racing, no fancy
s ide -stepping.
These men w re fighters, struggling for physical
mallt ry. There was nothing or the sbrinker or dodger
in their malte.up. Their·s was the rule of give and tak~
- not glvo and run.
'fhelr d fense was by means of speed and accuracy
In d Jlverlng and warding blows with the weapons of
m n- the hands and arms.
Like the giant firs of the woods about them, they
stood erect, and like the firs sustained by the splendid
ltf forces their .organs and faculties assimilated from
nature's untainted and unstinted sources.
After ten minutes they still stood, toe to toe, faces
flushed and bruised. but no trace
hatred or shrinking.
With bullet-speed, .Murphy's right connected often
with the visage of bi:s opponent, while Burns, less swift
in hitting, was a two-handed fighter. His left plazed
to furphy.'s fa<'e. while his right raised great welts o er
the other's rlhs. stomach and heart.
Hal( an hour waged the battle, with hardly perce a.
ble nbat('mcnL Burns' face was swollen. cut and bleeding, Mul')lhy's body bruised and blotched with blood.
Both were panting from the incessant exerlion seemingly
h yond the pos. ibility of human endurance.
A l<'rriffic right to the jaw knocked Burns to the
,f loor- the first knock-down of l.he unprecedented encount!'r.
))ringing to his feet, Burns swung his right,
caught Murphy on the rib and knocked him against the
wan, wltlh such force that the blg boss loosened the thin
sh ~s and t n wltb th spllntet>ed mass o'f cedar out
on \lh~ gronnd,
.
The na.mi[J th:art had furnlished aigbt far the contest
bad tmng hr a n'R!il on the in-fat d wall.
iiJl the dar. ened !Office !Bunt!'< stJood for a moment
<dumf<0unded !by tlhe result'S <Of lhls lbiow, then !Pant d:
.. A~'e you ihiOII't, !Boss"!"
"SometJhi:n,g Wil1t1rng ·wJl'IJb 'llhds 1li:~bt .arm,"' :ne;plied
Mllll1PW .as lhe IIJI'O. e 'from ltlhe -:1uins of 1Jhe wa!liL '"il'here's
<eandl s in .a ib(I)X under illhe count<&. Uigibt one, M111!1t."
IBmms found tt.tl ®!nell Ug'hted M.. .Mu:r,ph~ .s:!.eJJ;p.ed
dntn ttJ'he o'fficE>, !hi. ll1igbt anm hll!llgil:n_g by Ibis s:ide.
or
'Ihe followlag vemng Bunts reeeivedi a.uot er- caU--.
this time tn B
J ek u.rphy
hack.
He fQUDd utpby atet:l em a eb.alr wlth l\l feet
propped upon
other. hi - arm in a ling,
• "' rry. our tittle erap la ·t nig.bt wound up b~Co{e
the fintsh. Matt," began the We Bo. • "but _l ue · H'U
do. aU right. Where in bla.z s did yo'• l
to tate
care of yourself whb tbe il t !..
'
·
ealng lh.a t Burn wa not inelided
\)er.
sonal tli tory, Murphy coutinu d :
·
"HaY had m)· eye on you, 1\Ia.tt. ever Inc you
struck this camp. Wa in the brush the d'l' you flopp d .
Dutch Into the skid hole, and that nigbt you , bluffed
Tony, the Dago, when b wa gotng to cut Utu wede
I was pas ing shack ix and aw you tht•ou h the window take away the knife and pll h!tu into hi bunk.
"I need a right-hand man. on 1 can !rave In tung
of the camp when I hav to be gone, aud ){now that it
Is being run.
.. 'ow, to run a logging camp, a man mttHt h!l\' three
things. He must know logging, h able to lick any roan
in the cr w. and have enough or th man in him to
treat the men ·just the same a s h t~'d Ilk
be tr at d
if he was them.
"You don 't know much about logging, but •ou're
learning fast and. you've got tho h ad to carry out orders. You s howed the way you handl d hnr lle nn<l
Tony that you are a man. The reason I mix d wltl:t you
was to lind out what you could do In th way or handling
huskies that happ n d to need a lan;e-slzed licking.
On this point I reckon I am saUs fled now."
to
fO
THE LESS WEARISOME WAY
Old Gor·gou Graham isn't r 'IHI ns much ~~~ he us d
to be. But there are many or his sayings that w111 not
be in a rush about surTenderlng their suhstanU I
feature. For Instance, that one about the boys onxlog
a dog Into a. back-yard with a bunk of meat, 110 thnt
they may successfully pe rform the op r ation of attach.
ing a tin r eceptacle to his ex treme I' ar npp ndag!l.
The youthful canine edges up, licking his chopa llt
the thought or the provis ions, and hanging hill afore said appe ndage at the thought ot the hardware.
If he gets the meat it will necessitate bls running
himself to death to get rld or the unkindlY ut n ail,
Moral : It's wiser and much I Ill! wearisome to vot
for what you want and not get it than to be fooled int.o
voting for something you think YOII w ant, and get mor
than you bargained• for.
A BIT OF FANTASY
The grim reaper s topped at tlle lady' door, '-Xld
with a firm knock he notified ber ot his pr.es.eace,
" Oh. so it's you.'' tbe lady a ld .
"Yes," 'Said Death, "die Ume ll.as oome. Jt':i y cmr
turn.••
" I s uppose !t. won•t do we any good to vl _a.d 1Pr
mercy- -··
"No; JYGU must come with roe,"
"immediately?"
" Absolutely-and without argume.n:t.."
"'Then 1 wlsb w a-s!k .Y<>u t6 alJlow me one min.u.t£just one llllnuite."
"1Jrt's n@t tile ,CUS1iO.lU, l ady :•
"Cw 't you .alllow .an e:xee,ption'?"
"Welll. if ) ' OU dlim't wa.nt .any long~. l conseA.t."
' 'Qh, thank you. kind .S.~.r, tlh.aAk if,ou.."
B:h.e h.u:rJied W .a mb\r,or. (F.QT sixot>Y W.Q <&eoG~
la.bort~d witlh a chamol~:~, powd~riln~ lh.er s\!Ju.y .no e..
�The Western Comr ·a de
199
What's ·W rong With the
Newspaper . ~Game
.
Br cHESTER M. wRrGH:r
.·
HAVE been from the bottom of the daily
newspaper game to as near the top as ·
ninety-five per cent ever get: I have
seen the inside of the· game. I have
seen the wheels turn. I have sean. the
guide wires pulled. I know how newspaper "policy" is made and what it Is.
· I want to say something about it. 1 be- .
lieve there is a viewpoint people need
to get- something they need to know.
liiiiiitiiiiiiaiiimiiiiiigiiioiiiifiii
nOi
g to talk about only those things concerning which J ha vc tirst band information. 'Whatever
conr:lusions are drawn will be drawn from facts. In
ten years of newspaper work these facts have been met
week after week. An·d in those len years I have come
to love the game passionately. But the rules under
which it Is played have nauseated. I hale the rules.
And yet, under those rules millions of words are turned
off huge presses e,·er'y day in the year for millions of
peO)Jle to either believe or disbelieve. And there you
at·e; there is the point-to believe or to disbelieVe.
Look at this:
"Managing Editor:
Agreement for simultaneous
publication of Washington editorial is off.
finds
itself unable to remain in agreement."
Those were the words contained In a telegram that
come into my bands one night as l sat at the city editor's desk of one of the most influential standpat Republican pap I'S west of New York. The inner wheels
re,·olved in that telegram. A chain of great newspapers
bad agre d to publish simultaneously a certain editorial conceming a grave political issue. Privilege was
concern~d in that issue. T.he ·common people were concerned. These papers were on the side of Privilege. To
make their battle more effective they had planned a
concerted attack. The· same editorial, sent out from the
seat of Privilege, was to have been published in all of
· those newspapers on a certain day. A wheel slipped
som where in this parttcular instance; but the wheels
seldom slip that way.
·
The met·e routine work of great newspapers is not
a ,matter in quei'jition here. If a man is b ld up and
robbed the public is llPt to be told of it with as fair a
degr e of accm·acy as may be poss ssed by the reporters who "cover" the story. Th re is no question of
the aver.a ge accuracy of newspap rs in the matter of
commonplace news. Reporters ·must be accurate in
such cases. For incorrectly spelling the name of a
guest at a banquet I nearly lost my job on one occasion
in the early days of my newspaper work.
There you are. The newspapers are constantly strivIng for accuracy. Accuracy is drummed Into PJe head
or every reporter on every pat~er In the country.
And yet, there is accuracy and accuracy. For instance, a sheet of "flimsy" was turned over to me from
the telegraph desk of a morning newspaper one night.
Some dreaded Asiatic plague had b.roken out in a department store in a neighboring city. A section of the
store bad been boarded up by order of the health depar tm nt. The dread disease had been imported, so the
story went, in shipments from across the water. The
-managing edltor--wa mo t-acou-rate-j.n-bis -det-eFmina-tion not to allow publication of that s tory, because it
I
Q,Jigh are at the department 'Stores in his own city and
thus aJr ct tb.e ad\•ertising revenues his paper derived
ft·om those stores.
Agal,n, while working on another paper, the telephone
at my Ibow rang. The advertising manager of a departm nt store was on the wh·e to request that the
story or an elevator accident in b.is store be withheld
from publication. Knowing that the publication of
that s_ort of tory would not be- wished by the managing
ditor, for obvious reasons, it was not even written.
Yet, the story of an elevatot· ac ldent Q no greater serlousn ss in a small building which contained no advertisers and n·o prosp ctive advertisers, was given considerable spa e a few days later.
A scandal story con erning a m mber of the G~bel
firm was causing wide Interest through the country a
few years ago. The tory, judged by newspaper standards, was a good one. It ried. aloud for headlines and
page one position. I was working at the time l.n a city
in which there was a Gimbel store, though it was a
thousand miles from the city in which t.he scandal story
had "broken." Every man on the paper knew that
:r;othing would be printed about it. We were. correct.
If the owners of department stores were in the habit
of being candidates for mayor, which they are not-but
if they were-they would r ceive uniform support and
cou-rtesy at the hands of those newspapers in which they
advertise liberally,
The same newspaper that will urge the organl7.atlon
of blacksmiths, or that will support a strike of dock
laborers, will bring ou.t its largest type and its most
yehement condemnations if an effort is made to organize clerks, or if the street car men go out on a
strike. If ever there was an effort to unionize bank
clerks the daily press
Golden Gate to Bar Harbor
would rouse itself Into a frenzy of righteous indignation and fury.
I have known for a positive fact, as a newspaper
ecutlve, that theaters and department stores have
olated fire rules month after month. Reporters have
gged to be allowed to write what they knew and to
~ut aft r more ·racts. And• I, like countless of others
in like positions, have bad to tell them to save their
energy for an interview with Mrs. Lotta Got-Rocks,
whose opinion as to the latest fashion Jn lap dogs was
of great importanye to the community.
Th·e facts that I have set forth so far migh( be
added to Indefinitely. I might tell yuu about the alderman who could have been proven ll'"'crook by any newspaper man in a certain town, but who wasn't because no
n'ewspaper man cared to trouble himself to put that
much good energy Into a hopeless cause. The alderman, be it known, was an extensive advertiser and was
always highly spoken of in the papers. of his city.
What I ariC actually driving at is that newspapers
are not controlled by -the ideals of the editorial rooms,
but by the profits gathered in by the business omce.
You will understand more clearly why this is when
you know a little about the costs of newspaper operation. Your newspaper tonight or tomorrow morning
will contain anywhere from twelve ta thirty pages. You
---wi-11- pa-y~n~ent -for it; less- 1f-y.au -a'r-e -a---mi>n-tb-1¥-&u-b.-- - scrlber. You may think that your one cent pays for
from
~
..
�The We s;:;:
200
that paper; but it doesn't. .And just there is where
Privilege gets Its grip on what you think, for you think
acoordlng tP the intormaUon you get and you get a certain type of economlc and political Information accofd!ng to tile desires ot tbe persons who pour the money
II.CJ'Oil! the counter In the business ol.fice for the advertl~:~ing that keeps the paper running. Go back over that
sentence and .trace It slowly. Digest It; beat It out;
dig It to ple'!es; put It together again; study It; it-Is the
essence or .the thing!
Here ill wha t happens in the matter of paying for
your paper. l<'lrst off, th newsboy who sells It to you ·
on the corne1·, or deliv rK It to your house, gets hall.
'!'b at IeaveR one-halt of you r penny for the publlsher.
Do you think the half penny payR for producing that
pap r? No, not even when those papers are run otf by
thOllf!tt!HlK and thousand s. Jn many cases the net return
from clreo iatinn doerm 't cv•n pay. for the blank white
PllJJet· upon which you r· newa Is ptinted and for Its delivery to y'ou. llut let _ufl agree· that the halt peony
doe11 PitY for wh ite paper and circu lation . What then?
Who PllYB the edlto rH, the reporters, th e girl "sob slstora," w'ho pmlt lo ahout th o doings of. tho "highbrows"
and cr·y ineffoctuully over the predicam nts of the poor?
Who JJil.YH tho tplpgruph tollK and th e special correRporHie>ntR nnd th o preHs crews and th e men who sweat
Rl rlppPtl to th eir uudcrshlr·t~:~ In the st~ r eo t yp lng room?
\\'ho pa y;; th e men who mnrr the linot ype battery ? Who
rutYH tlw a rli Rtll and photogrnphers who make pretty
plct ur·oR of th wlvoR of our "best citi zens" &nd risque
plctureH of th o prett y broiler gll'!s?
'f'h two wortlR that nnsw r Y-OU now are the two
\\'()I' <I H thnt llnlt Amnr·icn's dally n ews papers to Prlvllog('; link them In chnlns that bind ti ghte r than steel;
link them In ohnlns or dolhns and thousands of dollars.
'J'hoflo two words? Th Adv rtiser!
'flwn• nrc mun y altruistic writers of salable words
who will l'is up nnd d ny what has just been said. In
f&ot th f\Y nrc busily engng d In denying it right along.
Scnr<'oly a month puss s but what som writer, somewhore, hobs up to t lo'll th Am t'ican p ople qf th e virtue
ot th(l <lnlly pr<.'SB urrd to assure ov ryon that the daily
press is hone!!t and ri ght n x tloor to paradise. But the
1 on who IH~I'e played the gam , learned the rules,
taken th chnncos nnd made the papers-they know
bot lEw!
lu most n wspn)1or Ill t'S the h avy adver U er is
known as n 'sacred cow.'' 'l'he term is pregnant with
menu In~.
O\' Ql' was idol or brass · mot·e f at· d nor
hawed to with mot't' s l'l'iUt~·. NeYet' was monarch's
edict mor tnithCuUy obeyed tluui is the edict, orten
never coU\·e-yed in so many word :, of the modern liberal
adnwttsing patrou.
·
Y ou may ·a Uu't the · ca e apl}lle to great tores
only and tha~ the pre · i fr e to say what 1t wlil of
othel' inter sts. such as gt•eat tru ts that d"o no local
Ml\'E'I'Uslng. Doubting ont\ oome. with tne y t a UtUe.
'l'he department stor dealS: \dtb big; banks; bJg bank
deal with other bl ban\!: : all big ba.nk deal "·Uh concerns of l&.l''ldtna.aotnl importance. 'fo toueh the credit ·
or o..ne ts tQ touch the nerve centeTS of am Clas olldarkty ts l.n ns no,w r- amoug- the people of Privilege
a. d U\e "uon -puU~ns_l\\ip;" tliat is· ruling their poliUca.l
same wb.el.'e t elr- l)Q l1' i . tbreaten.ed! has; ,llllt for a. mom nt be ~
~ec\edi
their bu Jnesa atl'airs You:
wa.:nt sometbJ:.ll.&; @ft..nUe!' V .vy w )1.
·
GOJ to the clt~ edttol' ot the pap.er th t you buy Y&IIY
day a.D;.di ask him t01 telit YOUJ hralliklyo· w:tQ; local! QJUestions.
hllo'<& their· hea.rtng u~..n national! q.ue tions ; wbir the
a.tt.it.ude. t0J\!I:~d! tb.& d:~partme~t sto
Is· the- at:ttitud:e. ....
to;w~.l!d! ttb.e ~iYS\tin~ £til g,eueJ<$\1. M he t ~ ~ee to sped: he
-n
.t
Com~1
wW tell
at the d:epadment store 1 linked -wUb.
the bank
.holds ·the credl:t lash over ball: the small
wslness hou e.s In town and that at the b$e t of the
big advertiser$ the bank could force out half the man
advertisers, should tbe emero~cy demand it. He wm
rtell yon that an unehl!:clted attitude toward outside
PrlvU~ge would tend toward -an uncne;clr$1 attitude. to- ·
ward local Privllege. .a nd that in the inter sts of local
PrivUege ;ALL Privilege must be res.pe,cte.d and not
handled too rough,ly.
The newspaper business office is sensitive towa.r d
these matters. Time after time I have been requested
by the busl.ness manager or the advertising m11.nager
not to pub!Jsh certain things. Those requests were requests only out of courtesy. Had they been Ignored
they would .have come back in the shape of commands
and upon continued disregard there would have been
painful separation from the payroll-a separation that
1 have come to hold as the only absolately clean .rela,.
tlon to the modern newspaper game.
Of course, there are papers that do not play according to the general rules of the game. They fight for
"reforms" and say a good deal of what they thlnk. But
they are few and far between and they suffer for their
conduct. They suffer-don't forget that. And now and
then the sheriff comes to quietly put an end to their
misery.
Then there is another sort of paper. In this' class
there ai'Ei many publishers. They pubUsb papers to defend the system and all that it does, either because they
believe it is right, or because they want to make money
and . ara not particular as to how they make it. But,
whatever the publishers may think as to right and
wrong, their views are not gen rally shared by the
men who do the wor-k on th.e papers.· The men who do
the work are quick to see wrongs and they would like
to tell what they know. But a few of th-em are SocialIsts, but a few know the remedy for the wrongs· that
they see, but i.Lcy do see the wrongs an-d th ey would
like to print wbat they know, but dare not.
The only contention here is that the conditions under whi.ch great newspapers are published make for
su bservi ency to Privilege. It is not contended that it
the influence of Privilege were lifted today that every
newspaper in the land would publish revelations tomorrow. That would be impossible, for the ne"·spapers
have been grow i ~ into th ir present condition for
years. Hundreds
them are owned and published for
the sole · purpo e f deceiving the. people in politics.
Any discriminatln newspaper reader knows tilat.
The sole contention is that there are those conditions and that the product of those conditions' is a tact.
The future of the truth-felling newspaper, I have
come to believe, lies i.n independenc of the advertl~ ·
and only in that! So long as the big advertiser can
. tell the newspapers what to print and what not to p~t,
what to do in wHtics and what not to do, what to do
tn affail's or econon;tic moment and what not to do, just
so long will we have Ising newsl}ape-rs and treacherous
newspapers. For the -injury that new papers do is not
always. i:n wha t they say; as oflren it fs in what they
do not: say_ Here comes our old friend "accuracy" .
again.. Be acc~U&te in bat you prist, but U ft fs n:ot
o.f the right color don't priiJlt ft ~ The art ot "playmg
up"' and! "'p}ayii:ig d'ownQ has freem developed! to a s'denee.
When the ocialists controlled Miliwaokee the adlmiDistmtion desired to fioat a bond! issue. The· eapita:Dst
ptress, ever Cilll the alert to sen-e Privl:rege, secured an
iintenfew to the etl'ect tlrat bwdls woutdl find! no me·
utndeE .a, ..Sodalf&t--at'lmmi ~aliom ·'l'ha:t fn:te:rvfew'~
giivem peat space and! llberlllll hea:diUnes,. l.fkewtse. It
�,
load
tnw
.r; 8Dd .....,..........:-.._
wm •or 0 o-bo i
America will nOt 1le IOJ't'ver ~
\ital
ifted to lt ~ b
m.nant
big department.· std
It 'WIU
t1
doings of its public '<lffidlll to be bro
it ·l
main olftee ol the big adverti . It till n
allow. the (:8Q
oJ great aeeiden and th \Vt...nllrl"'"'
of human lives in i}il~ sale grind to b btou ht to
i( as the advettislng_.matlllger slgnlfi . ·lt ·m not torever alJow the railroad : ad.verti 'ment nil tb · tel •
phone adverU ement to stand betw en it and th t.ru
facts'.abottt raJlt-eads and the Bell monopolY.
ot forever!
·
.
Just nilw there Is a.n 'experiment b lng conduc d 1n
_Chicago. A dally paper "(The J?ay Book) ls b lq • published tor a. penny a opy, minus advertising. Tb t>a·
per Is small, just a booklet alfalr, but It prints tb vltal
news that It is able to get a.nd. tt doesn't color it to ul~
any ad.¥~rtiser-lYecallse there is none.' It hasn t 11. la.r ge
news stalf, b·ut It does dig Into some things that otb r
papers ne~lect and 'Its doings are llmlted only by the
mental desires and the pn'yslcal posslbtilties ot tb m n
who run it. There may lle the beginnings of th way
out In this Qhi.cago ex·Iierlm!!n t. And again, the way
out may lie in an· entirely di lferent channel. l do not
know. But there must be a way out..:_it musE b found.
The Socialist press must face tbe issue. For, be your
politics wbat you will, if you depend · upon advertising
for the production · of your paper, Y.OU,. will be comp lied
to In some measure beed the dictates. of tbe man who
bas the advertising .to, give you. 1t there is .a rope
around your neck you wm, .consciously or unconecJously,
follow as the rope g)lldes.
Wbat about it? Wbere will we· stop? How long wlU
we stand for poisoned news? · How long do we want to
be told about our Panama Canal and our raJiroad
mergers and our steel trusts through a press .that Js
warped and woofed in the .mill of .P rivilege and dry
klin d in the fierce blaze of business necessities.
orne way, sometime, newspapers must be produced
without the aid of Privilege. Some way the tentaclet~
that trangle truth and thrott honesty must be sbaken
otf. Doe that mean that the price ot newll}laper production must be bonie ·by the people who read news~
papers! Ma;rbe. I don't know.. J oaly know that there
will be a Will' out found. l know thai. the e1fectlYenetl
of the Socialist press must, in a "certaJn degree. c1epen4
u]JOn bo11r socm that way out is found. And 1 baYe •
lor~
cion that the Socialist preu wm pioneer
the 1l'al' to the point ~ the busineu o
wDJ DDt
de:
e ..er the engineer
bee em ap
ty-four lloun
wbe.ther lie
c:arelela; ~
tJaenoo was aa
iD the deputmeat .a«e,. «
no
~
tlle.re was no.epidemie; 'W"'IeddB tile dty C!'OI!Jt01' c:roobll; wbeUier
pal
Jp
or
PQ"; 1il>l!etiiEr tile leiEpQia
Ire tab~~. CR1!'ll' ....,.
pne:11iii!611 « ~
l!lllll; 1lllltdJielr
- . . tree kwe,. or
~:It
C'JDI:Iftpiiau ol ~
I
I
dl
.,.
dlelre
�202
The Westero C ·omrade
The Intercollegiate Socialist .:S ociety.
By E. E. HITCH OCK
A leaflet headed ·· tudy Chapters·• and issued by the
Intercollegiate Socialist Society contains the following:
"The Jnt rcollegiate Socialist Society was organized
September. 1905, 'to promote an intelfigent interest in
Soc:1alism among coil ge me n and women, graduate
and und ergraduate, principally by the formation of
st udy c'h apters in the unil·erslties and colleges of the
country.'"
" l ' ndergraduates, graduate s tudents and members of
thc fa culty who are interested in the study of Socialism
are eliglhle for· membe rship in · a college chapter.
Form er college students residing in a college town who
gi\·e promiHe of being Of a ctin~ assistance tO the
('T\ apl er mar a lso lie admitted to membership."
"Thousands of ('OpieH of pamphlets which materially
a ssis t In gai nin g a knowl edge of the Soci:;tlist movement
are priut ed Pad1 rear. Among th .se !Pnfl ets are:
"'Stlldy Courses in Sot'ialism.' s uggesting four poss ilJI!' courses, caeh of whi<'h may be given In six or
twelre lessous. a 'ClasHifi ed Book List of· Socialist
Works,' 'What Socialism Stands For,' 'To Skeptics and
!Jouhl.l'rs,' 'Socialism and th e Student,' and other pam phl<·is."
"Each <:hapter of the I. S. S. recel\'es bi-monthly
l.Jull<'tins for its members. These bulletins contain a
r es ume of the work of th e general organization and its
indh·idual chapters, a list of recent books and articles
· hearing upon Socialis t and economic questions, quotalions from well known men and women on Socialism
and a llied sul.Jjects, and other matters of interest to
stu d ent~. "
l!psides the foregoing matte rs the same leaflet explains the method of holding an annual convention: of
sup plying both Socialist and non -Socialist speaker!> of
prominence for the instl'tlction of the individual chapte t'H, and several other a cti vities of the organization.
The society si nce 190,, has stead ily growu, ·and now
numllet·s chapters In nearly all the iarger institutions of .
learning, as well as in ·many of the s maller ones. lt
has IJ!'sidcs fot·med au alumni branch of its organization,
wh ich now contains sev raJ strong chap ters; among
others, one in Los Angeles.
·
THE LOS ANGELES ALUMNI CHAPTER
.
Japanese balloons, by Q:leans of 'vhich rather somberly
can be discerned the low benches. ' stools, and chairs
which are· the sea~s; and again ·t the 'walls the ·artisti.c
trappings; and verywJlere the large, enticing pictures,
mosUy portraits. •~
•
·
'
Here, .Rob ·wil~ r . ,paiJ;!.ter of pictures t lle:r of
tales, slinger of slaqg, ··1hstro ·tor f ideas, · witty excorla.t or of .. ''hon heads,'' pr · t•llzn or of chJc beauty,
defen-der of the ocinllst .faitll •. fl • .;ood fe.lloy.> generally, presides an.d genially in '.itas you to t•splash. in" to
the disetis slon, and . o become "Mocha and Java" ·with
the subj'ect.. 'Y ou'· Can have it any way you want;
S~raigbt' OCiaJ1Ju:Jl "f·rOm SOUP to nuts," he Will inform
you, ot· with ·a ·demi-tasse of' black anarchy thrown in,
or witl! the iced opinion of" those opposed to SoC'lallsm
admixed . ..
Jn any case it is an Intellectual banquet; for the
idea is to g et· tog tper all who are in' any way interested in the ' mafn tl'leme, no mat ter from what vlewpoint, whether mild or radical, and rio matter fi'Om what
motive, wbeth.e r from insight or' curiosity; but all in
an atmosphere having In it, besides i cense, soft ligh ts,
and influence <;>f .artjstry, ah 'a ir of friendliness not only
for the cause, but also for eacti indi vidual visitor to
the place as a caUS!l in himself. .
·
And indeed you are here made to feel af home, with
full privilege of parlicipating in the running repartee
of comment after the main speech.
The main spe ch may be from a court~ous cr.itic of
the Socialist mov ment; from a student of it; from :an
dltor or lectu ret· working 'f'Or .It; or from one who .Is
down "on the firing line," and bas seen the whole thing
fi.rst hand- the strike, the lock-out, ·Starvation, soapboxing, and even arrest.
After the speaking you may be invit d to avail yourself of the opportunity to buy a good book on the sub•
ject of ociallsm by some one or other of the "great
guns," such as Spargo or Hilquit, ·Engels~and Marx.
Next you are given a chance to shake ev rybody's
hand and get surpris d to meet your form r cla mate
or fellow teacher or law partner or somebody else you
hadn't suspected· of having a taint , or even a curiosity
about having oue. Not long, since seven teache rs from
one of tl!e local high schools met each other here.
And th n, after you discove r you bave employed a
whole hou r in this mann r before IJeing aware of it,
you huny away with cordial invitations to. come again
following you, and m ntally as well as openly you resolve to do so.
o doubt you also r esolve when you do to bring your
bum, your business associ~t . or orne r lative just for ,.
the lark tltere is in it, for the sake of curiosity satisfied,
or for •tbe cullural value of t-he e xperie~ce ; or, if you
are already
"Red," as if Is s in rely -hoped you are,
you desire .to bring the e friends of yours-of course,
because you like them- there are none better- hut also
because you ·want them to be Inoculated just a wee hit
more in order that th y may ee things right. You are
(ully aware you never could have gotten them across
the "dead line" to tbe East Side and to Socialist h'eadquarters where things are really "doing,'' but now you
know you have found a place, this alluringly mysterious,
delightfully different little half-way station, to which
you can condu t~DLWi.th_ llQJle__same. day _of..gettlng .....
The Alumni Bran b of the ]ntercolleglate Socialoist
Society was form ed partly fot· its own sake, and partly
to aid and abet the more active societies in the colleges themselv s.
At 625 South Figu roa stt· t, Los Angeles, the Los .
Ang les chapter of this branch organization meets.·
Here, in a studio on larg grounds in the rear of one
of the Los Angeles stately mansions of a sotnewhat
elder day, gathet·s in inter st d and earn st, but not
solemn, conclave a goodly group of men and women,
both youthful and prime, who have been " In, llir6ugh,
or b)•," in person or by proxy- you s e the conditions of
eligibility of this Alumnt Chapter are not very strictour leading schools and universities, local and remote,
such as the Normal, Pomona, Occidental, the niversity
ot Southern California, Berkeley, Stanford, Michigan,
Cornell, Wellesley, and so on through the whole cataIogue of Alma Mater variants.
'l'he atmosphere In this studio, on the occasion of a
meeting, Is usually further thickened by the fragrance
or Incense, uncoiling to air from· the table; and Is furlner mumrnarea--ana·8ul)(Ii.iealiY ther uddy ilow- ~·-"ia'emfarther.
a
�203
The Western Comrade
FERDINAND AUGUST BEBEL
EIWII'\Xt\D .Al'GU!:::i'l' REBEL, Germany's
UniUd Old jJau of the Socialist movement,
is d ead. Seventy-three years he lived.
lJurn1~ most of those y car·s he fought for the
\\·or·king da:.s. Jlis \\·as n life truly liYed. His
,,·ns a lift: l:Onsee rat cd to !lis fello\\'s.
During all the y ea rs of tlrt! l:OilScl'iption in
Uc·r·rllauy Bell!'] l'f'lllaincd 011 tir e firing line. H e
ddi ecl tIre · po\\'erful Bismal'lc ~>l'ison s faileo to
hrt•al\ Iris · great spir·it and many \\'C're the months
lrt' passcJ \\'itlrin th e somb(·r· \\'ails of the German
fort rPss-prisons.
Todny BPhl'l is d l'nd . Forty t housa ud houo,·,·d him at !tis funer·al. Ju all eouutries of the
\\'ol'ld lllt'rnorinl scn·ic cs wcr·e h eld. A great man
had fWSsl'd <1\\'il,\'. llis gr·catncss was of the truest
t~· JH'. lit• \ras gn:at in the sen·ice of the common
Jll •() pit•
0
• • •
TRUE TO CLASS
UHl:\0 his Californ ia tour Former CongressmaJJ Vi ctor L./ Beq:~er· made one state. mc11t thnt Socialists- should take to heart.
lit· \\'as speakiJ1g of eongrcss and cong1·essmen.
· ' :\o one bought Joe Calmon," he said. "No
on e bought t :ncl c Jk c Stephen on of Wisconsin.
Their own nrou c~· bought them. 'l'lwy were cnpjtalists and they w r r e tru e to their· class intcrcRt . "
E\·r r·y eapitnli.t l c ~islntor is not a crook; that
is, not lll'<'Ol'ding to eapitnlist law :ind custom. H e
d ~esn't fight for lnl,o1· beca use he doesu't r cpt·csc nt labor nnd ll C\'t't' intcnll ccl to.
lie r eprcscuts enpitalists, li e is th ere bccau e
hL• is a capitalist and bccnusc the capitalists cou ld
foo l enough workingmen into Yoting for him.
Il c is ah olutcly t ru e to his class. Jn fact,
,·r r-y few capittili ts bctt·Ry their class.
Labor's only nutidatc for that sort of thing
is to elect clas -consciou. workin"men to office.
• • •
SPEAKING OF FISH
ALIFORr IA has a wonclcr.ful climate.
California is rich in the gifts of nature.
It is the envy of all the earth. Why should
the greed of man . be- -permitted to mar its--fair
· name?
Wb n a shr wd speculat r can get a bit of
desert for a.:song; or le ' manufacture descriptive . book out of .fake photographs, embellish the
whole thing. witli· ~ story that is rem~rkable only
for its di tance ·fro.m tl'Uth, and go hack to the
less climatically favor d :Ea t and take perfectly
good mot1ey .for the land which his word · and
pidur·c : belie-w·hen ' a pe ulator does tlla.t it
hurts Ca liforni~.
.· ·
Of course people OU~Yht not to be that kind of
fish , hut they. at·e. And there is alway a day
when :the·.v .discpver that th ey have been hooked.
The harsh words that follow u ch discovery do
f'Riifomia no I{OOd. Oivic pride should mitigate
ag-ainst the rascal' :\'h·o do that ·ort of hooking.
a
• • •
THE GREATEST ISSUE
I'l'HO.U'l' .qu estion· the greatc -t i sue before
the worlJ today is the futm·e of Jabot·.
What is labor going to d.o 1 And how 1
EYery real issue that · faces governments is an
issu e that is a labor is ue at i.ts base. Que tions
of corpor·ation control, . _questions of municipal
owrwrship, questions of civic betterm ent, que tious oC intcl'llationalrclation ·hips- ail these are
labor· quest ions at bottom~
The question of co r·poration eontrol is one that
C \'C I'Y congr •ss and every lcgi lnturc has to face
at e\·cr·y s •ssion t hese clat . It is a labor question, purely, and not a co r·poratiou qu estion. 'l'he
probl em is to pre,·cut the co t:porations fr·om going
too fnr in gougiug the p eople who work, which,
tu m ed th e other way about meam; .allowing labor
to l<ecp a little more of that which it produces.
So, it is a labor question .
" The ' hamc of. the City" bas heen its ignominious treatment of the common people- the
worker. . The Jlation-1vide movem ent for cleaner
city govemment is a labor question- a question .
of giviu g labor a fairer deal in •ity government.
o it is with municipal ownership. Private ownership bears down too hard upon labor and labor
r esents the robbery. Out of this has grown the
d mand for municipal ownership of public utilities- a part of the Socialist program.
· Even m questions--of international character
labor is at the root of the issue. War is the
�The W este rn Co mrade
204
greatest of these and in .this labor is at the very
foundation of aJI deliberation. Either for the
protection of workers or the conquest of workers
warl!! are '1'1anned aud wars arc fought only by
the workm·s.
·
The world of tl1iugs · touay revolves around
JaiJor. Labor is at the very center of all things.
Capital speculates upon how hard it dares press
dowJJ upou labor. Capital plaus and intrigues
agaiust lahM, wonJc!'ing just how far it can go
aud how !lOOn labor will awal<e. )lost widely
diseus!lcU and most fuudamcutal of all is · the
problem of Jalfor.
_\ud laiJCH' is awukcuiug as JH!VCl' Lcfore. ·Lahor iii eom ing to a e!J)lsciousncss of its position
a!'! JJt•v er lw t'IJI'I;. LalJOr is forcing its own issue as
JIC'\'CI' hdorc . A II t lliu gs wcn·k in favor· of labor
todny. As lhr! a ugler plays the fighting denizen
of the deep, eautiously but without cessation
brilll-{illg it to th e gu lr, so the g t·cat unseen fo r ces
of c·vo lut io n a r·c playiug the issue to th e finish.
('apitul t:a11110t tum buck to ycstct·day. Nor can
laho r·. Bot h mu st go on and on aud 011- into the
l't l t lll'l: .
Jt is as if labor· aud c:ipital wer·e being forced
upward throug h a g reat turbin e. Labor at the
l.t•g iuniu :; is at the bottom and capital at the top.
'l'ht! ~ r·t·at force from behind throws both forward
tow:ml th e end . T hey tum as they go. '!'hey
IIIU Nt turn. Th ey hav e no po,wer to do oth erwise.
And \\'h en th e end of the turbine is r eached hibor
is at l.ht! top .
'l'h u difl't•t·cu •c i that with -labor and capital
1hct·e will hr, 11ot n: lran ·position of plnee and
JIOII't•r , hut a compl •t amalgamation. Cnpital
will he drawn within labor and when ·t.h c r cvolnt iou has brcu " ·orked there will he no capital,
as we lwow it todn: ; 110 capitalist .·fn s.
But. · ihi · labor mu. t bear alwny in mind:
Whil • Jabot· cannot stop th r volution of today,
while it cnm1ot Ht)<e it 1f out of the equation, it
cnn, throu gh consciou n s of it own po itlon
nnd powt>r , aid the natural for c t hat arc at work
and pt>cd th day of mancipation.
Tm.l~ I th ·
For it own nkc labor
must he 11
u c.
m
...
...
...
THE P ASTOR AND THE STRIKE
A Y p l' on of trona r eligious inclination ha voiced the b lief that the working 1 copl are coming to eare le .for the
t.hnreh t.lnm form rl . It ~ not the intention
here to a.y that th~y arc rigl1t or wrong..
oo.
But IF"they are ri"bt ere m:
bear' a
There ha been a reat copper trike in n~rth
ern Michigan.
o,rkingmen .h3 e been fighting·
again~ oppre ·on and low ~ag . It has been
labdr aaainst capital.
1t may be well to e k the po ition taken by
the church in tW typical labor · ruggl . :
J. L. Engda.hJ, .'tati carr pondent of The
:\Giwaukee L ~der, ~vriting from . Calum , the
heart o'f the trike z~e, ay that on the u:nday
foJIO.wing ··the 'beginning cJf the trike two of the
Calumet pulpits wer e ··filled : by militia ehapla.ln
and th at in ·!l t hiJ;"d the regular pa tor preached a
sermon· in which h e evidenced hi feelings of
sympathy with the mine .- own t. . He deeply deplored the fact that hi churcl1, the Fit· t M thodist Episcopal, would lo e a great um of money
hccau ·e of the strik e and he hoped, oh cv r ·o
a rd ently,: that· tl1e men would_ oon cea e their
naughty strike.
" If the strike continues t here, is not a church
in the whol ~ district that will not be affected
seriously, if not dis·a ·trously," aid this preacher.
Then this ruinistet' of the gospel· clo ed· his ermon
with the following surprising p erorat ion:
" Th e miuistry· i.tud the Christ ian p eople of
the community are calmly waiting the outcome.
'l'h c crL is will, of coui·se, c:orne when the min tog
companies attempt t_o operate the mines, with
uch as are willing 1o wo.rk, which pcr·haps is 75
per cent, but t he pre. cucc o'f the t r oop ought to
as. ure order a nd safety.
"They tm. tin God, hut are glad to l<oow that
the 11uthorities a rc k eepin g their p owder dry."
While this incident doc n 't exactly prove any- .
thing, a great mauy " ·ill t hiwk that it indicates
a great deal.
...
...
...
THE MEXICANS
HE diplomatic flubdub a nd the jingo n ews. paper talk about the Mexican situation
become exceedingly trying to worldng
cla nern~s. The entire discu ion takes into
con iderat
iou only one . tbin.,.-the protection of
I'
American capitali ts and their property m
1\fexico.
'What doe the American working man car e
about the property interest of American capitali ts in .Mexico T He is not concerned.
If the American working man has any sympathi in Mexico those sympathies should be at
all tim with the cruelly exploited and brutally
mi treated Mexican w-orking clas _
�The Western Comrade '
LIBERTY 'S DEBT TO STOMACH
RITING of the Mexican revolution, an autho~ says : '.' You can stir some few men
- to revolt with insult, some by commariding
t hem not to t hink, -some others by taking their
god away ·from them; but the mass of men niust
be starved into se_dition. "
trail to the human stomach! What debts of
gratituae the firi e spirit of liberty owes to stomach!
:\'apoleou in his glory, if he had known any sense
of gratitude, should have er ected a splendid
monument to the F rench stomach, upon which he
rose to power and made a new France. Every
l'rvc nation should put an ic.l calized tomach in
its hall of fame; for not the mind of man, nor the
!wart of him, 'n or any beautiful instinct of equalit,,· has tumbled OYer most despots, but the stomnl'h, most tender of human organs, breeding place
fot· nil reYolts.
\\"e are wont to say that ideal are the world's
tnaste t'S. And in a sense 'tis true. But students
ot' human histot·y arc beginning to sec that the
idl'als which haYe revoluti:mized the world are
110t those which have been impressed upon man
· fro m without; not those conceived by seer or
prophet, . but t he ideals whi ch have come as reflex
of the economic conditions under which men were
('OIIlpcll ed to live. Isolated exceptions to the rule
then' have been throughout history, but the great,
l~tn·deucd, struggling, toiling lnasses of men, these
have li fted their eyes to the tars, thei t· aspiration to heaven, and git·ded -their loins for freedom'. uattles only ,-.,·hen impelled to do so by the.
pangs of hunger and starvation. 'fhe battles of
freedom at·c cvet· fought on empty, _JJOt full
stomachs.
_'l'he time will doubtl ss come orne day when
a fu ll? liberated h1:1manity, freed from every galling chain that 11ow bin d t he race, can escape
ft·om thralldom t ~h e tomaeh, but t hat t ime will
205
'
« The- d eep-lying, ineradicable d~sires, foun~
tains o;f human action , the ~felong aspirations, ·
the liglitning-like r velations 6£ right and justice; '
t h tl: a ured, hidd n ideals, bol'n ill flames and in
darkn.e
within the heart- a.re, as a. rule, a:nything but col'Lventional.
.. ,
"Th :y m!lY --be, nd often ~· though~ immoral.
don t:\~al.' , they are ju t il acred. If
t h y und rli a :m_1Pt,-.:tl£e and are n~e to 'hjmself_:,.th ·y "will.1md. rlie .hftmanity.: To. ji'our own
.
:
·
self be tru~. ''
To l?ve a:nd t?.rt ·pit , to trive joyou l 1or the
good of all~th e. make ']if
pontaneou , bubbling life.
In thi · i ·notlli'Q-g 'f wayward impul e. It is
irnpul , but imp.lll e pringing- fror:h the loving
toward tl).c )o' .,ly. :
"Wen ed mu t lpve the highe t when we see
it, not JJauricelot nor another." .
T h lp awal{en the, _oul o hat it may see,
and, eeing, ·lov ; is the · b st rvi c that can be
t·cndcr d a hum an being.
• • •
DEFAULTINO THEm
a.t·
:oBLIGATIONS
0 P PIL educate<t
the public schools at
public expen e .ever· realize ~hat in addition
to the obligation th y. ar.e under to parent ,
teacher and themselves there is still another obHgation to ·the state 1
lt is a mistaken id a for pupil to imagine that
tb y are conferring a favor on th community
wh n th ey ac ept th edu cational bounty pro- ·
vid d. Th ere is a en , of c<mrse, in which any
boy or girl onf rs a iavor upon society by becoming int lligcnt in tead of r emaining ignorant,
but it i a poor type of human nature that does
not r aliz that while there may be a mutuality
of obligation, it is the individual and not the state
he \\'hen
who r
ive the greatest measure of benefit.
10
''Every bondman in his own hand bears
There is a g neral . protest from taxpayer
The power to cancel his captivity."
again t the burdens of taxation which they are
£or ed t o a ume, e pecially .for schools. Yet
there i no civilized country in which the amount
THE TRULY MORAL LIFE
of public money used fo.r school _p urposes is so
HE foHowing ugge tions give some )dea of
great as in t his country. From the beg~ning of
what the truly moral life should be:
their history the several state governments have
ays a writer:
been phenomenally liberal in all matters pertain" When I use the word 'moral,' I do not, I
ing to education. And it is wen that all pupils
in the public schools should be made to feel this
hope, mean that dull, pinched-lipped conventionalit.y_ o£ negations--which often- goes --u-nder--thatrt- --aa t-an-early-a-ge-in-orderthat-they m1ly·-reatiz-e-th·e ---full burden of obligation which t hey are under to
name.
• • •
�T .h .e Western Co_mraile
200
t he 's tate therefor, and that they may no.Lde.fault
t he obligat ion.
While the state O\ves a duty to eve-ry
.citizen,
I
however humble, it is likewise true that
there
:is a
co
•
mutuality of obligation. And that government is
strongest and its people happiest where neither
t he state nor the citizen defaults this obligatio~:
• • •
A CURE FOR INSOMNIA
which such a caterwaulinrg would. lb.ecome soothing and lull one to peaceful Jeep ! .'
Then · too, think of becoming ens~ve to the
rhy·thm. contained in the tones o.f a ~coiding wife 1
One might become en rapport with the rhythm. in
the ound of_a queating pig a. barking do(J' the
filing of a aw or the: ound of a violin play·e d on
by an amateur-but imagine a husband, however
sleeple and fatigued, yielding to the oothing
·,.rhythm of a wife's tone when her anger is at a
-\vltite ~eat. ·The 'Doi e would be tlu·ough him, so
to ·peak, and would run hard again t hi willingness or unwillingne · whichever might obtrud-e itself.
_ f)ecifi..e , whether in medicine or philo opby,
are to be shunned. Human nature i wonderf~lly
elastic and resourceful. But it bas it limits.
WfU'l'ER offers the following novel suggestions for insomnia: "
'' ·w h en we a re not necessarily . overtired, bu t perhaps only a littie tired from t he
day 's work, it is not ~ncommon to be kept ·awake
by a f-lapping curtain or a swinging door, by unusual noises in the streets or by people talking.
" If we arc willi,ng that the curtain should go
ou flapping, th e door go on slamming, o.r the noise
in th e str·cet continu e steadily on, our brains yield
HOW TO KEEP YOUNG
to th e conditions and so sleep naturally, becl!us_e
~ HE search for the foundation of perpetual
th e noise goes thr·ough us, so to speak, and does · .
youth is a perennial one. Smile as cheerfully as we may over the fact that age is
uot run lrard against our unwillingness to hear it.
" '£!Jere are three facts which may help to recreeping on apace, yet all have an instinctive
move tlris r esista11ce. One is that in almost every
horror of growing old. Lap e of years cannot be
prevented. The ever-recurring birthdays will
sound th ere is a certain rhythm. If we yield to
the sound enough to become sensitive to its
cnme ~d go in spite of tis. We are powerless to
rhythm, that, in itself, is soothing, and what bestay the seasons on th eir roupd. Spring merges
for·e waf; keeping us awake now helps us to go to
1nto summer', summer into autumn, winter suesic •p. The rhythm of sound and motion in sleepeeed~ autumn, and old age drops his mantle quietin g car·s and steamers is, in itself, soothing. If
ly over us.
yon 1< ccp your mind steadily qn it you will probTher~e is a saying that "a man is as old as he
'abl y be asleep in less than an hour, and, when
thinks he is." 'l'his, of course, has no reference to
the car stops, you will wake only enough to setlapse of years, but to the m~ntal state which deti e omfortably into t he sense of motion when it
termincs. wh ether one shall continue looking out
star-ts again. It is pleasant to notice the gentleupon life with the same bouyant expectancy and
ness with whicli a gooJ. engineer starts his train
joyous inter est as in childhood, or shall permit the
at night, and rrive us many a lesson on the use
mind to believe itself old because the body has beof gentl beginning with oth er things besides
come so.
locomotive engineers.
"Happy is the man who still retains his child" The second fact with r egard to yielding, inheart.," said a Chinese philosopher thousands of
st ad of re isting, in order to get to sleep is that
years ago. He might also have-added that such an
li t cnina alone, apart from rhythm, t ends to make
one would be both young and happy. Ther e are
one leepy, and this leads us at once to the third
certain things which always find us . young ~and
fact, that getting to sleep is nothing but a healthy
always keep us so. Chief among th ese, with its
form of concentration. '
sudden, terrific, but momentary power, is music.
'l'h o suggestions, while both novel and interPoetry is another age-staying agent._And last, but
ting, ha e a. limit"in applicati<J? beyond which
not least is an active interest in the progressing
it i. not ca 'y to conceive of human nature going.
events of life and of the world. A septuaaenarian
Imagine a poor tired nervous individual yielding
who can read with interest a love story or see it
him elf to the sound of a cat nght on the roof at
acted, depicting ~11 the passions, hopes and ambinight
J .b x n
oming sensitiYe_toc....~..'t....
s _ _.LJtiwown""s...o.Llffillth,-can...ne.~o:w-old,...thou._gh-h.e.-lUr
J'h)('thm! .lmagme, if ,it be i.r.naginable a pQint at
forever.
t. : :.f
~_1
• • •
�The We
e r-.rr Co
fiiB ·G ltBBD O:P - GOLD
spirit now d(hninant tbroughont
e
world }tas been aptly tinned. the eommercial spirit.
and womm orship at h e shrine of the
god of gold.
On the altar of mammon are sacrificed all
those virtuea whieh in an earlier age were thought
worthy of man's highes~ endeavor. •
Art, musie, literatur e, religion and love, .these
count !or nau ght in the scale in wllich the mod•rn man measures things of supreme worth.
'rime, t alent; energy, all are directed -to the•
accumulation of wealth.
'rhat it is which colors man 's thought by· day .
and lin ts his dreams by night.
:Morals, motives and standards all feel its deadniog influ~nce.
· ·
.
'l'h entree to society is determined n either by .
an intellectual nor character t est , but by the test
of dollars.
This in clear, bald terms is a most serious arraignment of modern civiliz:ttion.
All t houghtful men and women are compelled
·.
to ad mit its essential truth.
Manldnd worships at the shrine of mammon.
Moral and jntcllectual worth ; honor, integrity;
abili ty, manhood, th ese are no longer things. of
supr m worth . .
And what docs this indicate for .the future of
humanity Y
e
has e: experien
Th.roughou huntan his:to:r
ever eon~ibuted to human pr·omNN>l~
environment.
Each have
At each su
inl
hundr d ar ~
in indu try,
the , world' material advance bas b n
than during any ten previous nturi .
So 1·api0. has been thi growth tho.t mo.n h
been unable to adjust his own lif t o t h marvelous change in his environment.
But the adju tment will come in time, ind d
is now on the way, and the man of t h n w. a.y
will emerge from the chaotic condition of th
pres.ent.
The universe is committed to the att ainm nt
of a full er, richer, more abundant life.
It is bou~d to be!
Not All Sleep in Sepulchres
By DAVID FULTON KARSNER
~
Not · all sleep In sepulchres; not all the dead.
· The living dead do not sleep In sepulchres: they sleep In themselves.
We gr.ieve when the corpse of our comrade Is entombed, yet when the soul of our
living comrade Is entombed we scarcely shed a tear.
·
As a child a dead body frightened me. As a man a dead soul clothed w ith a living
body saddens me.
,
I fi nd conaradeship w ith liv ing souls .of the dead. I ahudder when I meet a dead
soul of the llv in!l.
I see dead Bou ls In benefactors, philanthr opists, teachers and prleats.
1 see liv ing souls In outca~s and daulJhtere,--o-egifars- a nd crimina ls.
I hear socia lly a ccepted persons curs ing the name of Christ .
I hear socially re j ec ted persons chanting the Nazar ene' s n a me.
I meet dead souls In churches. ·I commu ne w ith. liv ing souls In p risons.
Of little use Is a liv ing soul that_ c 'r aves to h obnob w ith t in ted w inged cherubs, or
one .t hat w ants to squ at In t h e orch ertr a c ircle of h eave n.
I am a t home to t h e si n ner, n ot to his s in . I s hun the godly, I am at home to God.
ot _.II the dead s teep In sepulchres.
·
�208
The Western Comrade
e
·It
·.
omortsVte
By
ELEANOR WENTWORTH
WINNING JIMMY OV,ER
Ru t h lived in the city on an unattracti ve .;treet,
border ed only b y str ee t cars and canopied' with moke.
H er dail y r ound o f enjoym ent w as traveling .d01yn t he
st reet car lin e i n th e morning t o tpe h eart of t he noi sy
di,.trict; standing all day beh ind · a cou,a t er, answt·r ing
t lte m an y q ueri es and supplying the de mands or shop pen; ; a nd i n th e evening whilin g "aw ay a f ew ho urs or
going wearil y to be d.
.
In spite of thi s d reary r outin e, w hich t o her sp.;!l l ed
.Li re . ·none w ho kn ew h er ever detected in h er m anner
l: 1 n t~ of un happin ess. She smiled as readily an ·a spa,·r ow chirps in th e su nshine. .She n ever l ooked t i red .
She n ever compla ined o f fa ligtie. 'H er fri en ds, both
hoyR and g irls, thoug ht her a m arvel of cheerful n ess.
.l ust because it's yo u, Dea r H eader , I'll give you a
P tt le i nside information and tell y ou v er y s p ec ~ fica ll y
wr1y she was a! wars cheer ful and w h y she never ·look ed
tired.
S!J e was in Jove.
Wit h w ho m ?
Wh y, w i th .Jimm y ! !Ju t, of !'ourse, you couldn't have
k1~o wn J immy, a nd that i s you r misf ortun e, for h e cer tainl y was wo r t h kn owin g. H e w asn 't Iri sh either , as
you m ay surmise f ro m his n a m e, bu t "plain U nited
St ates," l o use his ow n phra se. "And of bette1· sl.ock
t han .J iJhn D. o r Carnegi e or an y of th e r est o f t he mans w eaters, you bet. "
You see, .Ji m m y was a w orkin g m an-a structu ral
iron wo rkPr - a nd pr oud of i t. B ecause h is t r ade ~,·as
w ell orga ni zed he m ade good w ages; good enoug h t o
enable h i m t o "su pport " Hu t h if she wou ld say th e w ord.
Ruth , as you alread y know, lil«!d .Jimmy immensel y .
ln f act, she liked h i m so well t hat she was almost oblivio us to his " faults. " Do you see? H o w ever , sh e h ad
qu eer ideas abou t one thin g-so .Jimmy th oug h t .
Th e t hing abou t w h ich Ru t h had queer ideas was t lfe
money qu esti o n. ' Vhen th ey w er e m arried, ·she sai d,
,jimmr should not support her . She contend ed that being supported r uined th e charact er o f th e indi vidual b y
d ev eloping slavi shness; al so th at it c r eated inertia. T o
thi s .Jimmy object ed str nuou sl y. Said it wasn ' t fair
t o him , and added that if he was a good gu es~e r, th ey
wouldn' t be married until h e did support her .
Ruth· tried to explain .
" You wou l dn't l et m e support y ou?" sh e ask e d .
." No.''
" You wouldn ' t l et an y oth er w om en r elatives support YOU?"
" I should say n ot!"
"You woul dn' t ev en l et another man support you?"
" No, of course not "
"v'Jell, don' t you see ! That's just the way I feeL"
"But you 'r e a wqman!" he excl aim ed , hast ening to
bolster up that irrefutabl e argument with others of th e
same calibre, which compl et el y failed to overwh el m
Ruth. Sh e showed him th at som e of his premises nev er
.... , oeen tru e and that other s w er e no longer true be....use the times had changed.
"'JTinrily," sl1e proceeaea- w 1th unruffled ease, "1! I
w ent to the Unions and told them that they ought to
. start a campaign . to bring back t h e days of the old
slavery because it i s better t o b e ow ned body and soul
by .a. single man than by a job, you w ould expect them
to throw m e out.
"You're right," was the r esponse.
" But you ~ re asking m e t o do t hat ver y thing-step
from th e sl aver y t o a j ob into a state of sl aver y t o an
indiv idual-for i t is n othing l ess than thi s t hat you
ask .w hen y ou demand that I become d ependen t upon
y ou f or cash. I s i t?"
" You don 't l ove m e," said Jimmyjsadly.
J
In spite of th is disag r eem en t, t hey did n ot break off.
They l oved each oth er too sin cerel y . Y et th ey could
not set aside t hat misunder standing. F or si x m on t hs it
was a bar r i er bet ween t hem , w hich they b or e w ith outw ard st oi ci sm and inward h eartaches.
On a hot sum m er ev ening, beginn ing the seven th
mon t h o f t h eir engagem ent and t h e seventh mon t h of
t h eir misunder standing, they drifted away from th e
c r o wd s bent on a musem en t and wan der ed instead in
th e directi on of a secluded park which faced a waving,
m oonlit ocean.
A s th ey w alked alon g t h e beach w ith t h e boundless
expanse of wa t er t hundering and sw ishing ·before t hem ;
wi t h th e gold dotted sk y ri sing on t he horizon f r om th e
m ys t eri ous d• pths ·of t h e w ater s, t h e wor ld b eh i nd
seem ed insi g ni ficant and its t rou bl es unreaL Th e arti fi cial barrier bet w een t h em was tossed aside f or t h e
m om en t a s lightly as th e w av es t ossed aside th e dri ftwood in their path.
" Ruth." w h i spered .li m, l eaning close t hat th e 'w i nd
might not sw eep his w ord s away, "the big ness of it!
H o w it tu m b l es and boom s. And do you h ear t hat soft
ech o that goes throug h th e a i r a f ter each break er has
hit the shor e?"
Ru t h an swel'ed by a lit tl e pressur e on .Jimmy 's coat
sl eeve- a w ond er fu lly eloquent answ er.
" Th er e's som ething in m e th at acts for all th e world
like the ocean. It's what I f eel abou t y ou, d ea 1·~ Like
th e ocean th ere, it beats u p against t h e boundaries that
should hold it in. It m ak es m e l o ng f or strange h ei ghts
t hat I n ever even dream ed of b efore 1 knew rqu.
"Ruthie !" She did not know wheth er it w as t ender n ess or hurt t hat cau sed his voi ce to qui ver so. H e
halted in his w alk and pla ced a h and on each of her
should er s.
"'
" How l ong ar e you going to k eep m e ou t of m y
kin g dom. Can 't w e be married now?"
Ruth took a deep breat h and clung desperatel y t o t h e
thoug ht th at sh e w as acting for th e best. She did n ot
dare con fess, ev en to h er self. bow much she would have
tiked to gi ve in.
"You kno w I'm not making y ou wait," sh e r eplied
gently . "I'd marry y ou tonight i f-. Oh, if you would
onl y under st and! " At this juncture she liit h er · t (im gue,
and this misfortune allo wed a few words to slip ou t
which she had n ot intended to say at al l.
"If y ou love m e so much , w hy do y ou object to m y
doing what I f eel to be my duty . It m eans a lot to m e.
I can' t m ean anything to-YOu-. -But i t's -ilot - me you love;
it'~,. ypur inherite'd, m ildewed opinions! "
~
"" ....
,.
-
�The Western Comrade
Bein·g a whole-hearted and sincere man, this was
too much for Jimmy. He stood dazed for a moment
and then whilred off in the. direction of the city, disappearing before Ruth regained her composure. When
it dawned upon her that she wa!i really a_lone, she suddenly looked at the world through tear-stained lashes
and dropped upon the · sand in a wretched little heap.
*
* *
Things went hard with Jimmy the next day. So· far .
as he was concerned, the entire morning -wa,s a bfank.
He did not remember getting up or gqing dow.n to work.
The first clear impression he had ·o f anything w8:s • a
hurried commotion among the men around •)lim and a
tremendous shout of "Look Out" close to his ear, fo'Jowed by a deafening crash. Then came a dizzy -sensation of falling. It seemed to him that he contic.ued to
fall for hours.
·
When he finally stopped, it wasn't with a thump as
he had expected. He just stopped-that was all. He
opened his eyes and saw bending over him with a white,
anxious. face-Ruthie. He remembered then how all
during the black hours of the previous night . he had ·
wished that be had not gone away. So_ he tried _to hold
out his arms. to her. But they were · obstinate and
refused to rriove. Surprised at this, he glanced down
to find out the cause of their obstinacy. Everything
about him was white; there was a queer odor of anaesthetics in the air; ·be became aware of hundreds of
aches in as many different parts of his a1iatomy, an of
which was very puzzling. He glanced at Ruth for an
explanation. She was leaning to ;vard him, smiling. So
he smiled, too. Af~r that be became deliciously drowsy
and drifting into sleep, forgot everything, Yes; ·e ven
Ruth.
The doctor informed the little lady that her ward
The Socialist
landing from the dingy tramp at
.
London and East Ind1a dock, the young
A Armenian dragged his bones toward the
l"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~f'TER
west. Hjamied, his fellow-countryman,
was working in a sweatshop in Shad~.
well, and in the direction of this place
through the black and yellow fog of
~
. Whitechapel, be turned his steps.
Around him the close packed hive of the
East-end was endeavoring to hide itself
from th e fog. It was rubbing its smarting eyes, coughing, washin_g the dirt from its face, ear s.
and neck, and miserably hoping that th e sun was not
to be forever but a memory.
As the Armenian crawled up the narrow streets,
keeping one band running along the walls of the houses,
the vision of the past few months was all that to him
stood for this fog. First the beautiful Sassun Valley,
with its vineyards and ,grain patches; the coming and
going of the gaily colored soldiery; his family circle,
and their quiet life among t heir co-religionists; then the
rumors that strangely moved to and fro; complications
that began to" arise, curious. but significant; then. the
command from the old patri!uch at Constantinople that
no violence must be offered to the authorities-all;
this then meant that the innocent were to be protected.
Then came other and worse rumors from Er~erum, Sivas, Trezibond, and so many other places; and one could
never trust th~ Sultan. And tb..en the__end came! Oh,
that a fog like· this had covered Sassun, and he had not
seen that day! Or if It could envelope
his mind as it
..,
209
"'
had fallen into a healthy sloop from which he would
unqoubtedly awaken much improved. So with the
fear of immediate danger · removed, she diii some hard
a nd rapid thinking. 'She felt that this was a crucial
time for them both, upon. the ·outcome of which hung
their. final happiness or misery. As Jimmy was not in
a condition to act, it seemed to her that she. must.
Havhig come to this determination, she laid aside all
qualms as to whether or not he would approve of her
action.
·
The· color was flaming in her cheeks and her eyes
were bright with excitement as she left the hospital.
When she· ;returned some time later it was with a
frock~coated gentleman who looked suspiciously like
. a clergyman.
"Jimmy," she said to the young man when he awakened, "t'his is Mr. Fisher."
·
"Glad to know you," responded Jimmy dully. ·
"He is going to marry us," she added briskly.
And it was all over before he had time to be
amazed.
I
*
*
*
We may call this a postscript.
It was said that
women always reserve the most important matters for
the postscript, so 1'11 not tender an apology tothe reader for this. However, it is intended to convey the most
important fact of this narrative, nallijllY that Jimmy still
survives the ignominy of having his wife earn her own
living.
_" But did they ·live happil¥- ever after?" I hear you say.
I can only answer that ltuth continued to pursue the
precedent she had set for herself of acting first and
convincing Jimmy afterward.
From what has gone before, you may judge for yourself as to the result.
~y
SYDNEY
HILLYARD
did this London that he might forget. His mother and
sisters- of what band of murderous Kurds were they
now the property? His father-dead. Himself, though
beaten and left for dead, had crossed those cold, inhospitable hills to Smyrna,- where his people had put him,
¥If crazy with sickness and starvation, on to the English merchantman. And now what was be to do with
such a broken life as this, that had better have perished
in the massacre? How could he, impoverished, sick,' in
a str.ange land, help his suffering countrymen and women to break the unspeakable toils of Islam? How should
he, th~ starving pauper, persuade the great Lord Salisbury to send his powerful Mediterranean fleet, now lying
in the harbor of Lemnos, to the help of his compatriots?
At length, by dint of jJlquiry, by use of a dirty map,
and by groping down a halLpaved court, the Armenian
arrived at the toil den of his immigrant friend, a ne.st
of woven misery, built in the branc.hes of an all-embracing pove rty. The work could not stop for a welcome
to th e newly-arrived, so the Armenian seated himself
on the straw to wait till the time came for the meagre
supper to be eaten. After this was over the Armenian
was led by his fellow-countryman from the filthy garret out into the now pitch-dark night fog of Whitecl:iapel. "Where we go to?" asked the Armenian, coughing
up th e soot. His father had ·been one of a family of
merchants and had early taught his boy the language
of the merchant nation.
"To frens; frena of Armenia, the frena of the starving man," .llonswered Hjamied.
j
�210
The Weste r n Comrade
_sisters; at which some or the feminine members of t_he
Up the deserted Wapping High Street they felt their
way; past Commercial Road where the trams bad been
congregation assumed a shocked expression, g~t up and
compelled to cease running two days before, and where
went out. In fairness, ·however, it must be said that
the only Jiving things they passed in all this heart of ' many of the younger people would have preferred the
{""great me tropolis were an occasional policeman, a
Arrpenians should be rescued from that sort of _thing,
laborer peering his way home, or a stray without any•
provided it did not involve them. While the doctor was
home to go to. At last they found themselves at a
closing with a few words, a prayer, arid a hymn, Hjamied
wretched and apparently deserted slum, where Hjamied,
and and the Armenian and their frien.ds walked around
secretly congratulating himself upon having found his
to t~e Holborn entrance to the church to listen to the
round -about way th e re at all, turned into an open door· sentime'nts of the people as they came out. No; the
way and began to feel his way up a flight of rickety
crowd \vas J?O~ .weeping; no, they did not linger · at the
s tairs. Voices we re heard on the first and only floor
offertory bo-X" for A·rmenian refug_ees; no, th ey did not
auor e t he m, but the Armenian could not dis tinguish· the
lang uage. A fEw seconds late r Hjamied knocked at a
f~rm in line .and m~rch toward Whitehall. ·"How is the
door. It was o pened by a man who held a whispered
skating at . the Welsh :Harp?" " Oh, my dear, isn't this
conve rsation with him, and presently the Armenian
fog. too a,wfully dreadful for anything?" . "Isn't that
found him self in a large room lit by three oil lamps,
' Crossing' the Bar' just lovely? Well, what would you
furnish ed with be nches and small tables, ·and inhabited
expect with Tennyson and Bridge together." "All that
by a wi erd crowd of cosmopolitan"s, of the like of ~vhom
poor fellow says ca:b.' t be true; I think he must be partly
ho had never heard.
dement.e d; ·I know the consul would not permit it."
Th e Arme nian was introduced to every man in the
Great ex·p ectations waned as the penny Aldgate bus
room Th ey s hook his hand ·or kissed him according
rattled eastward with Hjamied and the Armenian. The
to th e fash ion of the cou ntry of th eir birth; they called
people in t he bus were not talking of Armenia, they
him brothe r; he sat at one of the tables and drank
were talking about London. Arrived back at the Shad- .
Italian wine, a c heap vat ie ty, but s till wine; others
we ll slum. H1amied 's wife and children were still at
drank I•'rench abs inth e, as new to him as the lightning
work by the light of balfcpenny candle, making up for
language of th e little J•'ren chman who sat opposite to
the time that Hjamied ha9 lost going to the temple.
him; s till othe rs r ej oiced in Austrian vermouth or Rus_
The Armenian wondered as he watched thetn stitch
sian \"Odka ; while he li s te ned to talk, talk, talk, only a
wbethfir perhaps after all they would not have been as
few snathes of which were intelligible to him. Neve rwell of!' under the yellow earth by the hillside church
theless he me t some of his countryme n in the crowd ..
at Sassun, as crowd ed here in th is fog-filled, dirty,
and , whnt with th e liquor, the cigar ettes, the warmth,
freezing garre t, enslaved by a monster more silent, more
and th e brothe rly talk, he felt him self a diffe ren t m an
per:; is te nt, · more relentless than AbduLthe-Damned.
from th e one who had e nte red the Whitechapel Socialist
.The Daily Telegraph ne xt morning had .all the winLocal.
ners, th e league football, the Devonshire reception, and
Some of th ese countrymen of his wore unmistakable
the Peace Conferenc~. Before the dissolution the House
s ig ns of res pectability, and they it was who made the
of Lords had debated a bill to allow Australian widowArmenian promise to atte nd a service in the city on
ers to marry a deceased wife's sister; the Commons,
the following eve nin g, where a cele brated preache r was
one concern ing the teaching of the life of Christ in the
going t o give th em nn opportunity to speak on th e crisis
schools. Mr. Balfour· was playing golf at St. Andrews ;
in Armenia.
the great Lord Salisbury, the protecter of the Turk, was
So th e refugees rEjoiced on their way home through
busy wi th vast affairs of statesmanship; the King was
at Monte Carlo; t he great fl eefs rolled at Spithead and
th e blackn ess of the fog, reass vring each other that
now that they we re to have an opportunity, the English
Le mnos. while a smile illuminated th e palace of the
people we re going to rise in th eir wrath and smite th e
Yildiz Kiosk.
The Arme nian began to see. H e saw on and on. His
offe nd e r; that soon should th e sword of the Lord· "l.nd
of Gideon be laid bare.
Bible, like Hjamied's, ~vent to the Jewish pawnshop.
Instead of it he read Emma Goldman. He talked to the
It was Thursday evening in th e City Temple. The
wild man in the e vening. H e saw-but how could the
s mug mirld le-ciass congregation had just finis h ed
singing : .
vision be anything but distorte d? Was it not filled with
the hypocritical callousness of one God and the murder
and cruelty of another? What to him were Gods whose
"So ue it, Lord, Thy thron e s hall never, like earth's
puny arms could not save his mother and sisters or
proud e mpires, fade away,
build a diffe re nt church from this? What had God to
Dut it shall stand and grow forev e r, till all the world
offe r him now? Anything he could fight with, love, or
shall own Thy sway."
eat? But Hjamied- Hjamied offered comradeslftp, wine,
warmth, a wild · ideal that all tyrants should be abolDr. Parke r rose and spoke of David. of Jeremiah, of
ished and honest men should be allowed to Jive in dePaul, and show ed that th e Lord had many times promcency and peace.
ised help to th e fearfully oppressed, and had deli vered
The following nig ht, the Armenian, with sorrow, but
the m in the time of th eir great need. He spoke of the
with hope and str ength in his heart, took his way from
Christians of Armenia, in th e hand s of a bes tial manthe Mayfair of a brilliant West into the all- penetrating
stet·, I.Jent on th eil· extermination; and finally introduced
sadness of a toiling East to seek the waiting welcoming
th e. Arm e nian who was sitting with h-im on the platform.
arms of th e Socialists ..
Smugdom gazed in se mi -comatose .nervousness, that it
mis took for Chris tian syrripathy, at th e s haggy- haired
Importation who told them in broken English what his
rejo_ice at e very effort working men make to ·ors hare had bee n in the ]~as t e rn ques tion. H e s hook his
ganize.
I hail the labor movement. It is ·my
head and hi s hands, show ed them th e chains th ey had
only hope for democracy.
Organize, and stand
bound him with, the lash th ey had beaten him with,
togeth e r. Le t the nation hear a united demand from
(these had been brought ove r by his' friends); he spoke
with tears in his eyes of the fate of his mother and
the laboring voice.-Wendell Phillips.
�The We s tern Comrade
211
\
HARRY MARSHALL McKEE.
EARNEST ELIAS KIRK
Merry Sunshine and the Professor ! Introducing Earnest Elias Kirk and Harry Marshall McKee. A little
music please.
In the calcium glow? Well, rather. Likewise In prison In San Diego for daring to stand up fot' eternal truth.
If there Is no pardon and his fine is paid McKee will emerge from the great stone jail on September 15 and Kirk
will" join him in liberty three months later. ·
A l.itlle. faster· with the music, gentlemen.
There has been great agitation for a pardon for these two fighting corrn·ades. They haven't asked for a pardon,
but their comrades ha ve asked it for them, believing ·that t hey did only what was right. And this matter of a
pardon serves to shed a littl~ light on the character of the men. ·
McKee, the scholar, the tense, nervous intellectual, lovable to the end of time, would inform you in well chosen
words that on no condition would he desire pardon, unless it were to come in recognition of .the justice of hls
position.
Kirk, rollicking soul, sunshine of the eternal sun, big and bouyant and ruddy, would slam it home to you in this
_ fa~h io~ : _21f a· pardon were t.o be· be ged for on the round QLme.r.cy..,.JLwe_co.llldU.:Lha..ve.J.t-as...a-matter-Of- common-- - justice, then this jail is home, sweet home, with 'welcome' on the inat!"
These two Socialists arE} worth going far to know. In ·them is the stuff t hat: makes ·the revolution invincible.
�212
The Western Comrade
By E¥ANUEL 'JULIUS
ROBERT BRIDGES AND A
MOOD
Last month, in this column, I ruminated on t he poetlaureateship, treating t hat ins titution as a fossilized,
inex pensive, trifling anachronis lll; not to be taken. erious ly. I spoke of hal f a dozen or more British p9ets ·
Kipling, Wa tson, Mase field, Noy ~s , Hardy, Yeats, Me'y n ell, Phillips and New bolt-who.-we re being considered
as likely candida tes for the "honor," sho wing, in my
characteri stically mo.dest manner, where certain poets
were worth y of being choseq to succeed the late Alfred
Austin. P remier Asqui th did not heed my advice;. in·
fa ct, before my article evep. had an opportunity to reach
the pressroom, t hat in considerate gentleman decided
upon Robert p ridges-a most disturbing selection since
1. hadn 't even includ ed th e aged poet in my list.
To
keep what the Chinese call " face,;' I added a paragraph.
In which I bemoaned th e exas perating misfortune of
having my article "spoiled, " saying, in addition, that "I
know only two or three of his poems and think they
are not worth discussing." Of course, I was perfectly
sincere, but sincerity, like ignorance, is no excuse. The
strong-armed gentleman who springs from a dark alley
to hold me up, and who, while removing my silver watch
and emaciated wallet, brandishes a business--looking
lead pipe, is one of the most sincere men in the eritlre
world, but his sincerity does not alter my opinion that
hi s act is most base, unscrupulous and deplorable. So,
I shall not plead sincerity.
Anxious to do Mr. Bridges full justice, I hunted up a
number of his poems so ·I might know what sort of
poet he is. And, where two .or 'three of his poems led
me to say that he wasn't "worth considering," two
score. or more of them cause me to devote my entire
column to him. There -is the difference and the .explanation.
And so, to be perfectly frank and vulgar; I wish to
take what may be calle.d .a staggering, amazing, overwhelming flop. In other words, I intend to "say a good
word " for the aged fellow in this "piece for the papers. "
Th e reason for this reaction , this retrel!-t from the thunderers to a 'timid con servative, Is that I am utterly tired
of, disgusted with, bored over and tragically exasperated by our class .struggle poets who have deliberately
prostituted poetry in a manner that out-jungles The
J.ungle. The class struggle poets in future issues will
be praised-of that th ere is no question- but this is
mid-August and the much-heralded climate of Southern
California, for the moment, ceases to b-e climate and
becomes, to paraphrase "Dusty" Rhodes, "just .plain
weath er"-so, as a PlOSt natural result r may be permitted to protest against "'the narrow restrictions our
class struggle poets have placed on th1'l muse, their
P,eliberate misuse of an art for propaganda and even
political purposes and their constant affirmation of the
contention that the sole purpos~ of poetry is to free
the proletariat-and the best way to ' register a vigorous
.and emphatic- protest--aga-inst-this- impertinence- is by--·
praising Robert Bridges' poetry!
This explains, in a great measure, why I enjoyed
thes~ •exquisitely beautiful lyrics, these flawl~ss poems
of · a . singer little conce.rned over the injustice of the
tar.U'f, . th& J;l?rtentbusness ?f the· money question, the
utter 'n eed of a ship subsidy bill, the high cost of living
9 · the bitter cry of the children. This is why, for the
• ·ume being, an entire crew of class s t ruggle poets are
·
peri1ously near the waste basket.
. Oh, dolf't say it is temperament that brings on this
mood . . ·Nothing of the sort. It's tp mperature. .And on
jus t such an occasion one can apply George Moore's j
.criticism of Millet to · our class struggle poets, charging
t heir vers s with being always the same thing, wailing
. over the same peasant, fiddling the same sentiment,
desoribing the same smells, glorifying the same' overalls.
You mus t . admit that it is somewhat stereotyped, says
Moore in his iconoclastic " Confessions of a Young Man."
The·. first thing that impressed me was Bridges'
creed as a poet, which William ·Marion Reedy say·s is
enough:
I love all beauteous things,
I seek and adore them;
God hath no better praise,
And man in ..bts hasty days
Is honored for them. .
I too will something make
.And joY' in the making;
.Altho' tomorrow it seem
Like the empty words of a dream
Remembered on ·waking.
For sheer beauty, the following lyrics seem without
equal :
Have Loved Flowers That Fade
r have
loved flowers that fade,
Within whose magic tents
Ri ch hues have marriage made
With sweet unmemoried scents;
A honeymoon delightA joy of l9ve at sight,
That ages in an hourMy song be like a flower!
I have loved airs that diM
Befor e th eir charm is writ
Upon a liquid sky
Trembling to welcome H. ·
Notes that, with pulse of fire,
Proclaim the spirit's desire,
Then die and are nowhereMy song be like an air!
Die, song, die like a breath,
And wither like a bloom;
Feax: not a flowery death,
Bread not an airy tomb!
Fly with delight, fly hence!
·--- --'Twas- thin·e loYe's tender sense____
To feast; now on thy bier
Beauty shall shed a tear.
�The Western Comra de
Wh
Death to E i
r S ball
e
Wben. Death to either :!hall come,.1 pray It be finJt to me,•
Be happy as ever at bome,
lf so, as J wltlh, it be.
PM..ses• ihy heart, my own;
And sing to thy child on thy knee,
Or read to thyself alone
The songs that I made t or thee.
*
* *
So Sweet Love Seemed
et love seemed t ha t April morn,
When first we k issed beside t he thorn,
So strange ly sweet, it was not strange
We t hought that love could never change.
So sw
Out J can te ll- le t trut h be told-
T ha t love wiH c hange In growing old;
Though day hy day Is naught to see,
Ro d ~ll •ate his motions be.
And In th e end 'twill come to pass
Quit to forget what once he was,
Nor even In fan ·y to recall
Th plea s ur that was all in all.
l-1 Is lltll s pring, that sweet we found,
So <1 • p In s umm e r floods ir drowned,
J wonder·, lw the d in joy comple te,
H ow IOI' C so young could be so s weet.
l<·
And. if thou tarry from her-if thi
Awake ! The land i scattered with 11 h t, and
Uncanopied sleep is ftying from fi ld and tr ;
And blossoming boughs of April in lat!gbt r h k
Awake, 0 heart, to be loved, awak , awnk !
l
Lo, all things wa ke and tarry and look fot· t h
She looketh and saith, "0 sun, now brlu him to m
Come, more adored, 0 adored, for his oming's snk
And a wake, my heart, to be loved, awake, awak ! "
After r eading, and enjoying, Bridg s' wonderful
r s hould
lyrics, I am con vinced a ll the more that he n
have b een named as poet- laureate. Th ))rltlsh state
cannot use s uch poetry. The ponde rous dignity of the
British court will find few occasions on whl h It will
be a ble to utilize Robert Bridges ' lo1•e Jy ri s.
Afl r r udlug t h a bore, o ne appears r eady fo agree
11 l1h 1\f r·. Hc•ccly, who s p ·a ){S of Dridges as having the
11'111 • " po ti c quality, at hi s h s t. of excess in moderation
.,,. 1110\1 •r a tion In
Xl' f"~S. "
H e a lso says the classic
l' l'~ ll ·n lnt i n h i s work is s lroug."
Jlr•l\lg •t~' hea utiful , lig ht toucll (and by light I mean
, ort) lm pr sses m as ue lng at its fin est in
Gates of Life and Death
Hope, the great explorer;
Love, whom none can bind
Youth , that looks before her;
Age, that looks behind;
J oy, with brow like summer's;
Care, with wintry pate,
Masquers are and mummers
At life' s gate.
My Delight and Thy Del i ght
1\Iy d light and th y de lig h t
\Va ll<ln , lik two angels white,
ln th
gard e ns of th e night :
1\f y desir an d thy d s ire
'!'wining to a tongu of fire, .
L aping Ji1· , ·nnd laughing higher;
•
Power, with narrow forehead;
Wealth, w ith hagg a t•d palm ;
W isdom old, whos e hoa r head
V au nts a barren calm.
H aug hty overcomers
In their pomp a nd s t a te,
Masquers all the mummers
At death's gate.
-William Wabon.
Das Wunderwerk
By
K a therine
Elspeth
Oliver
S un and a bit- o' ralnA long low wooing breath from out the West;
Mornings of AOiden mist,
B irds seeking nest;
T h e lark' s Insistent call, t hat will not rest.
S un and a b it o• ral nO ne !;.tarry n ight , and warm (sleep sun, sleep storm)
The barren earth thrills, pregnant;Labors an hour: At morn
The wonder- b irth, and Spring Is born.
che tbe be"..b ts \\"ben be sings of
m~t eem to mark his verses,
and refin
T here is a courage greater than tbe fair of publJc
o pinion.- owen Wister.
�214
The Western Comrade
Once upon a time many years ago, a man who bad
gotten his s hare of earthly sbeckel s through t he shady
shearin g of unsuspecting s heep, got a notion into his
uood le that he wou ld like mighty we ll to own an ocean.
H e wanted one that he cou ld~ do just as he "goldinged " pleased with, without inlerference from otller
proprieto rs of s~a ll e r . bodies of water.
All this happe ned long before the trusts had gobbled up the e ntire earth and a ll its trimmings, and opportunities we re r ipe for small in vestors to grab off
an occasional mounta·in or town-s ite without the National· Bu s in ess Me n's League missing it very much.
John Grab, for that at least was the name under
whi c h he registered at the Coast hotel, was a business
genius. H e had Bellamy s kinn ed off the earth · and
marooned to an ice -berg wh e n it came to the looking
backward stunt.
Said he to himself, said he, "The day is s urely coming when th ere will be nothing left on land or sea that
will not be und e r corporation control. Even the bl~
sky will be nix for m e, as in all probability the trusts
will regulate by legislation the mov e m e nt of the clouds.
They will obsc ure the subli me view of the celestial
dome to all who are unable to ·pay for a peep at the
azure blue from the deck of a trust aeroplane.
When John Grab got a hun ch nothing short of a
penite ntiary sente nce could s top him from getting it
into action, and John lost no time in "breezing" to th e
coast to a ccomplish his purpose. _
"Now just what kind of an ocean would you like to
purchase?" inquired the suave earth agent, who had the
largest list of geographical bargains in his territory.
" I've got one just a short distance from here, just adjace nt to the s hore, and it's really a bargain."
"So far," said Grab, "your noi se oozes oilily into
mine ears. L ead me to it."
"This ocean I'm offering you," explained th e agent,
as they walked towards the place from which th ey were
to view the briny, "Is a nice big level one, and it is surrounded by nice fertile dry land on all sides, as you will
presently see. It has jus t recently been surveyed, and
I can give you a clear title to it without any waiting."
When later they stood on th e damp line wh e re th e
shore left off and the ocean commenced, and g azed upon
its wide expanse, Grab secretly r esolve d to bu y that
big s ea - bath at any cost.
The age nt we nt fa·rther into de tails and assured
Grab that the ocean was a perfectly good one. The blue
was guaranteed a fast,. color, and th e water therein was
capable of supporting as many ships_as Grab saw fit to
float.
"And anoth er thing," add ed the salesman . "It's a
ni ce tame pond and is warranted to be free from earthquakes and cyclones."
Grab cinched -the de al -right- on th e -spot-, and before
the tide came he was.-the proud posses sor of one of the
largest bodies of water on the globe, and that's not all.
H e had driven a sharp bargain and incidentally had
short 7 change d · the agent out of seventeen dollars and
forty thre<:! cents.
The first thing Grab did ·the following day was to
order a thousand life buoys with "No trespassing" and
"Private property" painted in large letters on either
s ide. He hired an old sea-dog as watchman who claimed
to know every wave by its first name. He also decifled
to fence it in as soon as he could get bids on the Job,
and he bought a motor boat so that he might the better survey his newly a cf]uired property.
"From now on," he chuckled, "all t hese ship owners
have · got to come and see me. I'll have 'em coming
and going. They'll have to pay me or they don't sail,
that's all!
"By jinks," h e suddenly e xclaimed, "I'll bet there's
enough fish to fi ll the whole world every Friday and
some left to can. If there is I've sure sli pped one over
on the earth a gent! Me for a hook and line."
Grab los t no time in tuning up his motor boat, and
was soon anchored a few miles from shore. It wasn't
long before he landed a fish of the size he had lied
about all his life.
The finny monsters kept right on biting, and Grab
kept right on . pulling them in. He was so absorbed in
the Izaac . Walton art that he failed to notice the approach ·of another motor boat until the bow bumped the
lee side of his own craft.
A big red-faced man in white flannels, with a huge
diamond in his ·silke n shirt, glared .at him from the
other boat.
"Fishing?" he bellowed.
"No Y,Ou big boob!" answered Grab sharply, "I'm
playing t:roquet with cod-fish balls. What's it . to
you anyhow?"
~
"Don't get fresh on this brine," roared the fat man,
"or I'll fine you for fishing without a pe rmit and charge
you double the price for them fish. How many you got?"
For a moment, Grab was speechless, then, shaking
his clinc he d fist at· the other man, he sputtered:
"You! Why, you big Sandab! What are you driving at anyway? Do you know who you're talking to,
huh ? l'm the man that owns the' ocean. Owns it! Do
you und e rstand? OWNS IT!!"
"Stow that talk," thunde re d he of the r ed face. "I
don't give a fish - foot who owns it. I own the FISH in
it. See?"
"You own the fish!" roared back Grab. " You own
the fish? Say! You're bugs. I'd like to know how th e
devil you own the fish whe n 1 own th e ocean and they're
in my ocean."
.. , don't care anything about your o ld ocean," r eplied the fat man. "I own the fish. I bought 'e m from
the earth a gent and paid for them, .and th ey' re mine.
Do you get that, you Pickled Minnow'?"
Grab -was puzzle d, but only for a moment. He glared
at the big man, and controlling his r age, h e replied,
sharply :
"Ail right, all right. If you own the fish. Take 'em
�The Western Comrade
out of my ocean and do 1t double quick!"
of perspiration trickled df,l!\Vn his flushed face. .He
The other man hesitated a moment before answering.
shrieked: .:.
"Take 'em out nothing!" ,he doggedly replied. "Don't
"You! you! Say, wh-what Is this? .A frame-up?
you know that fish can't live out of water? -F-ish is perThis Kippered Crab over there,'' pofnting to the fish
·iahable goods. Don't you think for one moment that
monopolist, "ow:ns all the fish, and now you come. along
you can make me ·destroy my own property. Not on
_and try to slip the. bottom out from . under my oceanyour life!"
;u~·~and say, you soft-shelled sea weed," roared Neptune
"Your property is none of my affairs," retored ·Grab, •
With revived Spirit, "if you think YOU can eject my ocean,
hotly. "You'll take your fish out of ·my ocean or you'll :·
you just go ahead and try It, and-'-'
pay me rent for the use of· my water, and you'll pay ·
.· " Hold. on, now, hold on,'' broke in the fish pasha,
their board, too."
'rl'.ve got somet~lng t.a. say about this. I'm interested
"Say, you! I want to tell you something. Do you
in· t,his ;PQI)d just as mucb as the Big Bubble is; In fact,
know?" sneered the fish owner, "that half of the · bulk
we're p~rtners and we've got . that big spill stocked with
of this big wet smear is fish? Fish, I'm telllng y_o u,
,, the finest line of fish from whale to smelts that ever
a nd if I took my fish out of here your old mud~hole
flopped a fin. Desides, the fish shovelers are on a
would shrink to the size of a puddle!"
.
strike.'- Now,. get me right, you-one-='chhved lobsterr "1f
This was one on Grab, but Grab being a financier,
you mak'e us remove that home for friendless fish we'll
was likewise a diplomat. He realized that the finny
· Jet our stock lay ·there and rot your old land s~ thaf
l{ing held a trump card, . so with a forced smile, .. he exthe stench will kill a buzzard at a hundred miles!"
claimed, "Say, old inan, you and I are both fools. Why
"He can't do lt.f He can't do it!" yelled the Water
all this wrangle? Let's go ashore, have a cold )lottie
Wizard, .turning to the F inny King and banging his fist
aud get together."
on the table.
"I got you," replied the f&t
"Oh! I don't know," reone. "Heave anchor and head
plied Has, with ·a sarcastic
fo r port."
sneer. "There's the law you
An hour later the two mag- ·
know!"
nates were eating out of each
"The law your grandmother,"
other's hands. Between botretorted Grab. ·"We're already
tles they had unanimously
a corporation. The law can't
decided that a merger was the
touch a corporation. And you,"
only solution of the problem of
he continued, addressing the
ownership. The ocean wasn't
fish owner, "couldn't separate
worth much without the fish,
your fish from my ocean In a
and the fish business wasn't a
thousand years, and I couldn't
healthy one without the ocean.
make you t~ke your land from
The whole thing was framed
under my ocean," he continued,
up most beautifully. The two
turning to the cellar hog. "We
would form a partnership and__:_
are all in the same boat, so
Just at this point, a large
let's get together."
man with a big black mousWhen the last of n dozen
tache and an unbecoming face, walked briskly over to
empty cma·pagne bottles was removed from the table
the table at which they were sitting. Taking a chair,
by a yawning a nd much overworked waiter, a co-partnership had been formed by the three Grabbe rs, just as
he inquired in a businesslike way: "Which one of you
all trust combines are formed at 'the present day for
is Grab?"
Grab allowed that he was that individuaL Wherethe furtherlfnce and protection of their individual inupon the other said, pointing to the playful tide : "I
terests,
understand you hav-e just bought that ocean! Am I
Of course, the fish couldn't live without the water,
the water couldn't conveniently hold together in the
correct?"
"You've got my t:ight number," answered Grab,
form of an ocean without a place to rest on and Cothrowing out his chest and swelling up with pride, "1,
lumbus would never . have discovcr.ed America if the
ocean· had not been the just heritage of man, but such
my good fellow, am the only Neptune. The rest are all
minor points as these were not taken into consideration
counterfeits."
by the men who "hogged" what the people rightfully
"So, replied the ~tranger. "Well, you can call yourself any old name you want to, from Alpha to Omega,
"'
owned.
It Is need less to say that the trust prospered.
and I should worry, but my name is Has. H. E. Has,
·and I own the land that your ocean is squatting on,
ant-"
For Man Alone
"What!" yelled Grab, jumping to his feet. "What!
You own the bottom of my ocean? Why you- youleft clawed, bubble faced land crab! What th-"
No fledgling feeds the fath er bird!
"Tut! Tut! Tut! No,- don't get excited,'' sneered
No c!1icken feeds the ben !
Has. "I just want to politely inform you that I am the
No ldtten mouses for the catsole owner of the land beneath your ocean, and as I
Thi:~ glory Is for men.
want to subdivide and improve the aforesaid property,
I ask you to vacate, unless, of course, you care to
We are the Wisest, Strongest Racetake a ninety-nine year lease. As it Is, your ocean
has 1llegal · l)OSsess1on of my_j an_d_an_cLLshalL be...coJil..,..._____ - - - - -Loud- may- our- Jl'ra·lse-be-sung!
-------pelled- t o--force you to remove same unless you come
The only animal alive
through, see?"
·
That lives upon i.ts young.
John Neptune Grab wilted- in his chair. Great beads·
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman.
�Big Biz: "All I Do is .Furnish Crackers"
See page 199.
TWO FIGHTERS!
Nowhere in the American working class
·newspaper fi eld are two such papers as
'l'hc California Social-Democrat and The
Los Angeles Citizen to be found.
They Are the Best
Filled each week with the fightingest
news of the class struggle, and bringing
to their r eaders the best in Socialist and
Trades Union propaganda, they stand
alone as the best in the field.
Snappy, Bright, Hard-hitting!
The California Social-Democrat is owned
by the Socialist Party of California. The
Citizen is the organ of Union Labor in 1
Southern California. These papers are · '
each $1.00 a year. They are the two fighting newspaper arms· of the western labor
world. Subscribe for BOTH of them TODAY and be in the front where things are
doing!
Address both at P. 0. Box 135, Los Angeles, California.
••QUALITY WINS"
ST. ELMO
c•lft8fS
FINIST
CLEAR HAVANA
Holds Worlds Grand Prize
State Grand Prize
Made from Cuba's Choicest Vuelta
Abajo, in all Popular Sizes and Shapes.
ST. ELMO CIGAR CO.
lOS ANGELES
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1913-09
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1913-09
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
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v01n06
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36 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
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Text
TEN CENTS
AUGUST, 1913
FRED C. WHEELER
Drawn by Rob Wagf')er
�The Western Comrade
A Message E'rom the Editors
r,!!::!!:::!!::~~ EOL. NJNG
next month The Western Comrade will offer its readers a JJ~W department dealing 'with the news and aims and
progress of the Intercollegiate movement. The Intercollegiate is
one of the arms of the Socialist movement and is accomplishing
mueh for Socialism 'and it is growing m power and influence day
by day.
Earl Hitchcock, treasurer of Lo Angeles Alumni branch, and
011 • of the best known and best qualified comrades in the movenwlrt, will eondud this new depa-rtment. The We tern Comrade counts itself
fortuHatP in heing able to make this nofablc addition to its usefulne s.
B
*
*
*
'J'!J,. l'dito1·s ht·li\'\'e that this number of the magazine is the hest yPt. Thry
lwliP\'c that it lllt'rits the efforts of the eomradcs in its hehaJf. They feel con_lid Pnt that tll!'y are amply justified in urging the comrades to double their
dl'orts i11 t ht· way of build in g up the circulation of the magazine . .
· Cin·ula t ion is tIll' gTOUJH.lwork of p1·opaganda progt·css through ~he printed
pa ~l'. The lint•st 111agazine in the world is valueless unless it is read. The
WPstt•t'll Conrr;u]l' wants :JI OH E rradcrs. There can he no complaint made on
th e pro~r·l'ss nradP thus far, but though we malH~ no complaint, we are not
satisfit)cl- an<l lle\'l'l' will oe. The western Comrade wants l\IORE readers.
Those of you who have bccomP tht• family of the magazine arc the ones who
must Pularge the family. Let t'a(·h one set·un· at lrast ONE new subscriber
be fore th e next 1mmher comes from tht> press.
Th e task isu 't a han! ont'. And sut'Ply eaeh should he glad to do that much
for the causP. All or the t>ffoT"t that gcws int o this magazine is effort expended
for th e <:anst•. Thrrt> is 110 profit madP~not a cent. The cansp is the thing. Ro
let us wot'lc together for tilt· up·hltilding of the Soeialist mOYPrnent-we by making th e hrs t possihlP magazine; you by getting for the magazine a hearing out
O\'t~r the world .
The Western Comrade
No.5.
Vol. I.
,August , l!'ll :{.
Published Monthly by
UNION LABOR NEWS-COMPANY, INC.
203 New High. Street, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
EDITORS
Chester 1\f. Wright
Stanley B . Wilson
Associate Editors
Eleanor Wentworth
Emanuel Julius
Mila Tupper Maynard
Rob Wagner
Fred C. Wheeler
Editorial Writer-R A. M.a.ynard
IRA C. TILTON, Valparaiso, Indiana
THE TILTON SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
VALPARAISO
INDIANA
(Courses Give n by Correspondence Only)
The questions, directions and requirements In connPC'tlon with the following courses cover the subjects
named. The books you have, .o&r any books on the
subject, will answer for study texts.
1. History and C ivil Governme nt, Six leuonl ...... $1.00
2. Campa ign Socialism, Six lessons .... . . ..... .. .. . 1.00
3. Scientific Socialism, Six Lessons ..... ........ .. $1.00
4. Political Economy, Twelve leaaons .... ..... . .. 3.00
5. Psychology, Twelve lesson s .. .. . ... . ..... . . . ... 3.00
6. Sociology, Twelve lessons .. ................ . ... 3.00
'l'hpse courses are arranged In a· proper order for
n completP course In Soc1al Science. Nine dollars paid
In ad\'ancP will entitle th<' applicant to the six courses,
inclutling n certificate when the wo rk Is completed.
! :>'lark with nn X the Courses Desired)
;\;arne ... . . . .
St rect
City . .. ... .
S tate ...... :.·~: . . ... _. ..
�The Western Comrade
i
"NOTHING TO ARBITRATE"
"What! Girls in my employ want more than four dollars a
\'eek? I " 'on't give them another d____
_ d cent!"
("Mak1ng a Socialist Film," Page 158)
147
�The Western Comrade
148
,
,...
j
Just Plain· H uplan Nature
#
By R. A. MAYNARD
[EJ
H
IIIP"!!"!'!!!!!'!!!!!"!'!!!!!"!'!!!!!!!!!'IIOW human nature Ia slandered l Men are called me-an, low, vile and unclean. They are often termed criminal and outcast. Many of them are
incarcerated In prisons and reformatories. A large proportion are products of a home and social environment that placed a premium upon
~
human weakness and passion. An environment that fostered all that
t..a...:lLJ was vicious and condemned every appearance of virtue.
Crime, In l'!rge part, Ia a disease, the product of vicious environment.
For the most part Its treatment should be in hospitals, ncit in prisons.
Then there are other men and women who are pointed out as living
exemplars of right conduct and virtuous living. And this, too, although
some of them live purely .negative lives. They abstain from vicious
deeda;.are regular In matters of habit; pay their debts and have strict sense of business
Integrity and honor. Under no circumstances would they, in matters of conduct, resort
to anything considered low or vile, mean or unworthy. They are always law-abiding.
· Many of these' were born In sheltered homes and home and social environment from
childhood the direct opposite of that described for the other . group. They nor none
of their ancestors have ever been In the criminal or outcast class.
Ono group Is claimed to represent high water mark'and the other low water mark in
the tide of human development.
Last week a man was hung In the prison yard at Folsom. He was a triple murderer
and while in prison made murderous assault upon a fellow convict. He expiated his
crimea upon the gallows.
As he stood upon his scaffold he made a plea for an anti-capital punishment law,
powerful and pathetic enough to move a heart of stone. A few days before his death
he wrote an appeal for the protection of childhood, as gentle and tender in ita appreciation of child nature as is that of the most ideal mother.
Recently, In Los Angeles, a lineman for one of the electric companies, with not more
than one chance in a million In his favor, took the chance of receiving 2200 volts of
e lectricity in his body, to save a fellow-workman who had become entangled in the mesh
of live wires. A similar case Is also reported from the city of Milwaukee.
A few days ago In an automobile accident a Mexican common laborer rlj.Shed in front
of a swiftly moving train to save a stranger child from death and the rescuer barely
escaped with his life.
At a brass foundry the other day, a workingman suddenly went insane and threw
himself Into one of the red-hot furnaces. A fellow workman with almost certain death
staring him In the face took the risk necessary to save tho Insane man.
Who has not been thrilled by the stories of heroism in connection with the recent
street car accident just outside of Los Ang~les. Just plain, ordinary folk, even crushed
and bleeding children, In their forgetfulness of self and thoughtfulness of oth.ers, have
caused our eyes to moisten and our hearts to glow, as we have realized the heights of
physical and moral heroism of which our common human nature Is capable when the
demand In made upon lt.
And theae are but .a few of the heroes of the commonplace. Just a mention of two
or three, slmlla.r to others constantly coming to the attention of all.
They serve to point the moral of the grandeur, the nobility, .the divinity of plain.
ordinary human nature. They furnish concrete proof of the fact that no form of incentive .
Is <I& powerful In Its l.n fluence over men and women as the one that has been termed human.
After all, what Is this thing we call character? Is it acquired or Inherent in human
nature ? Is it superior to or controlled by outward circumstance? Is civilization more
than a veneer or polish laid over the raw material ? Is the dollar lncenttve necessary to
ke.e p men and women In the line of progress? Would the race deteriorate were that
Incentive to be· removed T Is not our humanity still largely potential 't And will it not
spring ·nto objective reality upon the arrival of economic and social conditions that shall
make the human Incentive operative in every department of human living·?
�.
The Western Comrade
'
149
"How do you build for the l<uture?" said Wisdom to the Indifferent Woman.
"~rhe Future?" she laughed. "I know nothing of the Future. I liv.e today, wit11 song and dan e
to make me glad, with gorgeous raiment to make me beautiful, with coin to smooth away r spon ibility.
I liYc now."
"And those who will come after _;you Y"
" I know nothing of them."
...' \Yhat is your rontrihution to the Future?" said Wisdom to the lave Woman.
Sh e r cm ain ctl silent for a moment, her eyes cast down. When she looked up, the hadow of adIII'SS 1·loudc<l hr r· features.
· '' I drudge from day to day. I bring many children into the world, riot born of my h eart's d sire.
Till',\' are eursed with the sins and ailments o.f their father. 'l'hey are welcomed only by th xploit rs,
who Sl'ize them in th Pir· young days and grind into pr·ofits the meager joy of living that may hav been
t hPir·s Ht hil'th . L PI haq.!y is their c-hief inh eritan ce and th eir on.e gift to the Future."
"\\'hut will lw the c-ontent of that Future?"
" :\fy work will hnt make the Future like the Preseut."
" lf(m· do you lay the foundations for the Future ?" \Vi dom asked the Olil;cious \~loman.
Th e smile with which she turned to him was happy and confident.
" 1 h e ~in my plans for the Tomorrow by working to alter the Today. I h ar strong, clean hildren
ht·(·ausP I cl10se a str:ong, clean father. I give li fe to uo more than I can effici ntly care for. I bring no
hahps into th e " ·o!'ld to he rcsistles fuel, adding speed to th wheel of the competitive y t em. ·
"I rear a childhood cn.ry fibre of whose being r ecoils again t needl es strif . Fr9m th b ginning ·
I ins! ill a desir·e for th e larger· Liberty-IJiberty not for one or two, hut for all. I · r ear a childhood
whosP t>Yery thought and act i dir·c·cted toward the attainment of th11t liberty.
"1\ty wo!'l;: cannot he undon e-not even by death." •
�15
The Western Comrade
Garrison, Judg·
ed b
. .
and the chlldren of the men wbo were best fitted by
"Diue and the Gray" have been celmoral ·rervor, and -clear-eyed courage to face those evils.
ebrating the fiftieth anniversary of the
battle of Gettysburg on the field of the
At Harvard College, a great Memorial hall comslaught r in 1863. The situation is
memorates the students who "olrered their fresh lives"
.unique, it is beautiful; it is also ghastto the cause of truth as they saw It in the sixties. Low. 4iir'
ly in its ironical arraignment of the conell's "Commemoration Ode" is a still nobler monument.
ditions It commemorates.
· But though we may rejoice In the inspiration of their
~
When after half a century, men who
courage and sacrifice, althoughfought like tigers _leaving battle fields
"In every nobler mood
t;trew n with maimed and mangled, dying
We feel the orient of their spirit glow,
in slow tortur·e, or. dead in th eir youttrPart of our life's. unalterable good."
an<oi vr:oml~;e, l:an meet In friendlY: goodfeliowship, recwe must." nevertheless, see the utterly lmmeasureable
ognizing that each side believed itself in the right,
loss which this country sustained when out of every
seeing the eamH:>H or the struggle in e:alm , dispassioncoli ge went the noble boyhood, the precious . promise
ate pcrRe(l< · lh'~> "with malice toward none and ch arity
of the future, to battlefields of awful waste as well as
for all" - when Hllf' h a reunir~n i ~ possi ble, the grime of
ot immortal glory.
tho · ear ii Pr horror hecomes apparent.
Such are the stern. cold facts which we must face
Tht• fipld of Gettyshurg in l!J13 shauld make the
when we judge the wisdom of those who labored in tile
field of (let t,\'Hhurg in 18G:l the irrationa1, criminal
el,llanclpation struggle of the Nineteenth century.
niglitmur·t· that it is in truth . It should make any future
The complaisant Jllacing of laurels on the brows of
Gettysburg forever impos~;ibl e.
leading abolitionists and Republicans for the last half
L eL nrc• not be mi sunderstood . The past is wha:t it
century will seem a strange anomaly when the sense
is. It 1\' .. rc mos t unprofitable folly to "blame" or conof social Jaw has cleared the eyes of students from the
de mn in c·onne<·tion with what is irretrievably past.
dust of Ui great upheaval.
Hut thP future is before us not behind. \Vhat it s hall
It is not that the spirit and purpose shown were not
bring will d ~>pe rHI In some measure, In large measut· ,
admlmble, but the loss and horror of the civil war
pcrhnps, on how we read the lesson of that great strugproves the methods to have been wrong methods. They
gle wliic·h is f!Pnernliy thought to have begun with Gardid the best they knew, no doubt. Forces which they did
rison nnd 1hP "Lih rator" and closed with the Fifteenth
not understand carried them on a current they were
Amendment to I he American constitution.
powerless to direct. but the time has come when, If we
Let those who are thr·illed with th gr at CAUSE
are· to be true to the responsibilities of today: we must
of this gcn('l'at.lon, face reverently and humbly but none
be more cleat· sighted as to the ways and mean~ used
th e lcRs sq 11arely tlu! facts of Gettysburg and all that i s
yest rday.
typified hy that tragedy.
Today, .there is some knowledge of scie.ntlfic Jaw as
Half n million men fell on the battle fi elds of the
ap111ied to soda! movement. It is our business to see
cil'll 1\'ar. At Gettysburg alone th re were 4·0.000 slaln
that this Jaw is better understood and more skillfully
on onP side nnu 42,000 on th other. What does that
applied . Blind zeal will no more avert disaster or bring
mea n?
orderly freedom than the steam engine running without
"Why," we ask, " does It matter wh ther death came
switch or· engineer will move a train to its destinasoon or late?" r p rhaps, thinking of the sordid grind
tion.
of modern lil'e and the grovelling standards It too often
The ineteenth century brought a sense of law In
fost rs, we think a period of str·enuous s.trife might not _,
every department of life. For the first time it is now
be altogethe r without its compensations.
possible to progr ss in conscious co-operation \vith the
Look ther fore at the e slaught r· figures from angreat sweeping C\rrrents which carry the world forother angle. Who were the unit in those lightly countward. We may, if we will, evolve with "eyes in the
d thousands?
•
forehead ."
Ttl y w re the red-blood d 'Hower of the best g~ne r
It is not ea y to secure mass movement l\)ong rationatlon on Amer·tcan soil. Physically, mentally, morally
al lines, and one of the handicaps at the present time
the "ho:vs In blu ·• and th "boys in gray," before capis tba general assumption that if one group is working
italisru had borne its worst fruits, w re the finest in the
in the fashion of Garrison, it must be right; If another
laud. 'l'housnnds were turn cJ away from the enlisting
pa ty or faction is akin to Lincoln in its methods, it
tents because they were not perfect specim ns of phymust have a guarantee deed of the future.
sical str ngth . Incipient disease, faulty eyesight, d This I a wide-spread Idea which must be met.
reetlve h arlng-all thes thi1:1gs · sent young manhood
Analogy !s not argument. Historic analogy is parback to t'h' ilian ranks, to become the fathers of another
ticularly mi leading, but as a matter of.l fact. no suggeneration. The stron . th perfect, the ardent went
gestions are so powerful in political and social propaout to brutal battles from which they came back too
. ganda as those based on history taught to pliant minds
often maimed, or \'ict!m of habits born of the condi·as glorious achievement. For the past two generations,
tions of war, or never· returned at all.
the idealism and sentiments centering about the civil
· ~' hen we wonder at the Inertia, t)le mental blindness,
war have been plowed into the brain cells by well-nigh
th
owardit• with whl h the evils of the past gener·all the hero-worship of the period. E'l'ery family 'h as
ntion hav b en allowed to grow and penetr_!lte ~v~ry__ _ _one nr mare altars rected to fat~rs. er uncles Who
avenu of the ivll life. hould \\· - nOt remember that
had part in the great struggle, while Memorial Day and
th" pa t two generations hare been robb, d of the men
other commemoration services have worn deep the
P.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'I HE:
T
•
�The Western Comrade
ettysburg
151
By, Mila Tupper .Maynard
.
.
by which these results were attained.
Garrison, and under him., the main part of the antislavery society, did not believe in the ballot. He said
the constitution was "a covenant with death and league
with hell." For years he would not vote because the
constitution supported slavery. For much of the time
he was an avowed .advocate of ."the no-government
plan'' and believed in ~he :•overthrow of the nations."
Not only did he not approve of violence, but he was
a pronounced advocate of non-resistance. ' That the
issue should have ·come through war should have distressed him if his theories had taken deep hold of the
man.
On the co.ntrary, he felt no responsibility and; because he bore no gun himself, felt that his skirts were
clear.
In temperament, non -resistance was about as natural to him as it would be to a Roosevelt. The conflicts of
his temperament and theory bring amusing inconsistencies In his expressions at times. John Brown's predicament tried his theories sadly. He wanted to applaud
the deed, but, as one who advocated no force of any
kind, he found it hard to be consistent. This is one of
his speeches during the Harper's Feny excitement:
''Rather than see men wearing their chains in a cowardly serv ile spirit, I would, as an advocate of peace,
much rather see them (the black slaves) breaking the
heads of their tyrants with their chains. Give me, as
a non-resistant, Bunker Hill, Lexington, and Concord
rather than the cowardice and servility of a slave
plantation."
"In a sm!ll ~mber, friendless ang unseen,
When anti-slavery political movements began to
Toi led o'er his types one poor, unlearned young man';
nominate men for the presidency, Garrison and his
Th e place was dark, uu fumtshed and mean;
group scoffed lit this political a ction as "folly, presumpYet there the freedom of the race began.
tion and almost unequalled infatuation ," or denounced
it as "the .worst of pro-slavery."
Help ca me hut slow ly ; s urely no man yet
The only definite program which I have been able
Put lever to the heavy world with less:
to tlnd in Ganison's teachings is that the North secede
\\'hat need of help? He knew how type was set,
o union with slave-holder" was the
from the South."
He had a dauntless spirit and a press.
slogan for man,Y years. When the Fugitive Sla e Jaw
~le>n or a thousand shifts and w!les, look here.
was upheld by .the Supreme Court, all the Garrison aboSe one straight forward conscience put 'in pawn
litionists d manded that Massacusetts at once secede
To win a world;' s e the obedient sphere ·
from the un!on.
)
By bra\'ery 's simpie gravitation drawn!
SI>lendld moral courage then does not en ure practical wisdom. The men who bring down upon them the
Sh all we not heed the lesson taught. of old,
opprobrium of their time are not thereby proven to be
And by the Present's lips repeated still,
statesmen or wise guides.
In our own single manhood to be bold,
"To be sure," some mild reformer will assent : "It
Fortressed in conscience and impregnabie will? .
took a Lincoln to so_lve the problem raised by a Garrison."
All the Garrison story is appealing. The well dressThe impli d argument of this asserllon has been the
Nl mi.Jb by which he was hounded through the streets
means of keeping more honest men and women out of
of Boston and only saved by Imprisonment stands in
the Sociali st ranks and with the reforming factions of
the bark-ground fot• the picture of honors and renown
the old parties. than any other conscious factor. The ·
accorded firty years later. The slogan of the Liberastrongest psychological tprce back of the Progressive
tor, "Immediate and unconditional emancipation" rlfigs
party has been this idea. The likeness assumed to exou t mnsterfnll)' \vhen the Emancipation Proclamation
Ist 'between the origin of the Republican party and that
is celebrated.
·
new party was its chief stock in trade.
The practical thing to know, however, is bow this
It would take us too far afield to go Into that conagitation affected actual results. How was "Conscience
tention in detail at this tlme, but this much may be
a nd impregnable will" hitch ed to the trolley of actual
procedure?
said at once: A new narty .which dld not pre.v.ent- a
It is almost laughable to see the - assurance . with - - Plunge into ch•il war-a party under which a Gettysburg came close upon the heels o( the Emancipation
which ' the abolitionists appropriated the results of the
Proclamation has no prophecy in Its history which can
{'1\'il war wh en they had . OJ>posed each and every step
mental furrows. Moreover, the literature of America
studied by e\·ery school child from the ''Readers" of
the grade through the fm mal study of the high schools
has made the anti-slavery and war poems of the New
England p'oets as familiar as was the Bible to the
Puritan. Add to this the· fact that the dominant po!ltical party during this time had its rise in this struggle
and that its nominees have been largely men who came
into prominence dur-ing th~ war, and It will be apparE' nt how tremendous Is the influllnce exerted by the
C'Xampl e of a Garrison or a Lincoln.
We can on ly guess how much the Socialist cause
owes to the recognition of a kinship between the earlier
despised abolition is t and the despised few who eJ}listed
to ema ncipate th.e wage s tave. That the debt Is very
~rea l uo-one ea n doubt.
Sentiments like those embodied in Lowell's poem
on. Garrison have strengthened the courage of· many
to side with truth "ere the cause bring fame and profit
a nd 'tis pros perous to be just."
Thi s poem quotes th e well -known contemptuous .
referf>nce of th e Boston official, one H. G. Otis, to
Ga rri son and his little anti-slavery paper, "The Liberator," as follows:
"Sometime afterward it was reported to me by the
city offiC'ers that they h!td ferreted out the paper and
its editor ; that hi s office was an obscure hole, his only
Yisil.J le auxiliary a negro boy, and his supporters a few
n~ rr insignificant persons of all colors.'
Passages f1"j1 th e poem will be recalled :
;
�152
The Western
Comr~de
qch wretch
Ju-xwiance ~om that TOQt bad the minds
give bop to the rational citizen today. A party under
which th slave was freed only as a measure of war,
of men been trained to a saner, broader spirit.
a party whose platforms promised not to free the slav'es
Trying, then, to get the lesson from this fatefUl era,
Is not akin to any from which aught can be hoped at
pow shall we judge the methods then used?
Slavery fostered arrogance and a tyranni.c.al menth "'res nt time.
.
No juggling or stumbling will be able to bring free- ~ tality, •there is no doubt of tha.t. ·lt is alt.ogether probable that an a.rnled .Con.t lict could not ha,·e been avoiddom to the wage slave. The history of today and toed, but tbe ,only chance of th1s, the only chance of a·
monow should be deliberate history. The old blind
rational, reorganization for the welfare of all concerned
blundering will never again be .necessary. Let us hope
lay In clear thinking and the steadfast facing of facts.
It Is no long-er [Josslble.
Here was a $ituation .f or which no one was responLooking at the past as dispassionately as possible
sible individually. The north had given up slavery only
nd In tile light of the knowledge we have of the forces
because It was useless and expensive under northern
then at work can we see any way In which the civil
war, and the almost equal horrors of reconstruction
conditions. .Personal abuse was. as reasonle s as the
yielding of political power would have been foolhardy.
might hav been avoided?
The pro)llem, couid they have seen it, w'as to weaken
One thlng we know, slavery w·as doomed quite inthe political hold of the slave-owning class while aidd p nd ntly of lther a Garrison or: a Lincoln. Wl1etber
ing .natural forces to undermine lts industrial hold.
tb class slavery had fostered could have been dlsWhat influence had Garrison during the fateful delntegrnt d and Its domination undermined without a
cades preceding the conflict?
phyHical con t st Is not so sure.
A story told by Julia Ward Howe of John Brown may
Th ·k ping of slav s was becoming more and
' give some insight into the intellectual clarity of the
more unprofitable, so that only 'those who had huge
methods, not only. of this zealot . but or many of the
• lllnuto.tiona could afford to own them. The mass of
abolitionists. During the bouler warfare 'i n Kansas,
south l'n whll a wc1·e suM'orlng Intolerably from the erBrown had taken several prisoners, among them· a cerr t or s lnv labor and the lack of industrial developtain judge. Prayer was a large factor in the life of
m nt. "Tho poor whites" were a problem which detnand d a n w ord r of things. Had they had any real' John Brown. on· this occasion, he went apart to a thicket and in tones which could be heard in the camp, bec onoml · power and und rstood their own _interests,
sought the Lord long and fervently to make plain to
tho little sla\'e-ownlng hierarchy would have met as
him his duty In the matter of sparing the liv s of the
nlll<'h opposition at home as In the north. Books were
prisoners. The judge, overhearing tllis petition, was so
ll!•gl nnln g to I.J written 1\ll!J nllng to the non-slave-ownamused by it, that, In spite of the gravity of his own
Ing sou th to realize how slavery was making Impossible
position, he laughed aloud.
HU<"h tH'O!IJl rlty as wa. s n In the north.
"Judge," cried John Brown, "If you mock at my
On hook, '"l'h Imp ndlng Crisis," described by A.
prayers, I shall know what to do with you without askM. Simons In his " octal Forces In American History,"
ing tho Almighty."
was sn c:onvln •lng In Its fa ts and figures that the slaveThe southerners may have done much praying over
0\\'llPl'H hum d It In piles and prevented its circulation
the situation but when they heard the· denunciations
h~· ' \'I.H'Y m 'a na or tet'l'Ot'lsm th y could muster.
of the abolitionists. they no longer asked the Lord
Til
large slav -hold rs Oulnhel'ed less than ten
what to do. The way seemed only too plain.
thommnd. 1f v nt ould have been dictated by some
Garrison, meanwhile, was troubleil with no doubts.
rntlonnl author·lty, it Is now appar nt that the slaves
· He had no need to ask the Lord for guidance, so sure
rould hnv b n bought by th government and freed
was he that the thunders of in~ spoke through his voice.•
nt t·normously I s cost tn money 11lone and with great
He demanded "immediate and unconditional surlll'ollt; to the sla\' own rs ns w 11 as to the entire
render" but was utterly guiltless of an}· suggestion of
south .
how or by what instrumentality.
If th spirit whl h prevail d at G ttysburg Ia 1913
His conscience was clear if his denunciations rang
ould hav b n pr ut In fninte t degr·ee a t Washingout without any modification. The 'first announcement
\ 11 In t 60
r tn pr
din y ars, the passionate
in the Liberator outlined the spirit which prevailed In
bUnt\ d ru h to slaught r and ruin would have been preall his work.
" nt d.
"I will be," he said, as harsh as truth, as uncomWhat v r In r a. ed 11r judie and pa ion in the
promising as justice. On this subject I do not wish
n rth t nd d to In r a
the unreasoning, obstinate
to think, or speak, or write with moderation. No! No!
d t nnlnation of th
~mth to let nothing interfere
Tell a man whose house Is on fire to .give a moderate
with It "dlvin In UtuUon."
alarm; tell the mother to rescue moderately her baee
t pton ln l lr In bl novel "Manna a " make more
from the fire; but urge not me to uc:e moderation In a
roal th n n · bl lory can do tll · inten lty of feeling
cau e like the present. 1 am in earnest. I will not
nd our ..; nln
·of tll plantation ari tocracy in
equh'ocate, I will not excu e. I will not retreat a
th y rs p
lng lh '~ r.
s:l.ngle inch-and I WILL BE HEARD."
The el b f
nom! intere t.s b tween an indu How such words thrill the blood.
trlnl cl t . hundroo f y TS out of date and the norSurely none of us are strangers to the feeling which
mal
n ml d \' lopm nt of the north ju t l)ringlng
made him say again: "The apathy of the people is
tnt · a gr t rorld epoeb, ra inevitable.. The onder
enough to make every statue leap from its pedestal and
I that th parer or til .1 ,·oc:raey ndu.rid as long as
to hasten the re urrection of the dead."
n did · nd bow
ueh errlm
t:rength in its death
It is not easy to be in earnest and still be cbarltable.
ppl •
Garrison did no make tbe attempt. Wben Willlam
tU bu
in 1 63 1tlS the erl i in
truggle for
Ellery Channing came out strongly against slavery and .
' ttm ootween t" u
of illdustrlal cl illaation..
yet said that there should be ympathy for the Southhi.
" ' doomed· by every la of urvi .._
~ tbat the - lave-ownenrvbo opposed Slavery
Th lQO of the ~
ere
~c. bu the
desen-ed eredit. Garrison denounced bim as a .(Jimmer
m.l'rk of Pftjo.dic:e_
~ 011 and
ental madne
and time sen-er.
bn.neh
tnd_t hi
need no hue grown in
�153
The Western C·o m r-a de
'
Instead of appro\·ing ·or Southerners who opposed
slavery, he sa¥}: "I will not make truce with them for
a single hour. I blush for them as countrymen, I know
they are.,..not Christian. Their position Is mere hypocrisy. They are dishonest and cruel. God and hie angels
and devils and the universe know they are without
excuse."
It was against the law to free slaves In most of the
states further to the south except they were transported to another state. Many slaves would have begged to
be kept in slavery, fearing the unknown conditions of
freedom. Yet to Garrison, there was "no excuse" for
anything but Instant emancipation.
Harriet Martineau, ardent In her work against slavery, protested at Garri son's severity; many others did
also. Margaret Fuller excused him. "He has need to
apeak loud ," s he said. "He has so long been cal!!ng to
dear people."
"Why Brothet· Garrison," said the young Unitarian
preacher. Sam uel .J. May, coming up to him after a
street speecli, "you are all on fire." . "I have need to
he," he answered, "for 1 have mountains of ice to melt."
' It was this same preacher who answered when Channing protested thal the anti -slavery movement was
rough and harHh and unwise In Its methods : "We are
not to blame that abler and wiser men have not espoused
the cause. It is unbecoming in abler men who have
siood h~· and would do nothing to complain of us be('ause we manage this matter no better."
Channing took the rebuke and acted as best he could
hut could not a lter greatly the methods of the move- .
meut, Emerson spoke with the clarity of the seer be
was. No one can look today with less passion upon
the posnlon of the Southerners than he did during all
th fury of those l.Jittet· decades. With startling penetmllon lw sa II' the likeness between chattel and wage
s laverr.
" H e who does his own work trees a slave," he afflrmed. "He who does not his own work is 1\ slave
holde r." "Two tables in ev·ery house. Abolitionists at
one and sen·ants at the other." "The planter does not
want s laves; no, he wants his luxury and w!ll pay even
this price for it."
Such wisdom, howe\'er, was little adapted to direct
the nt·dor of the time into practical channels and so the
hammer and tongs metllod of Garrison dominated the
great movement that sprea'd far and wide through the
land. That its appeal won as many as It did shows the
contagion of an idea.
·
· Phillips had a glimmering of the law or class self
int r st. He said at an early day, speaking of the difficult! s of the work : "We have to make men intere ted, Indignant, Elllthusiastic for others, not for them- ·
s lv s." "I do not believe we shall see the total abolition of slavery unless it comes in some critical juncture
In national affairs when the slave, taking advantage or
a crisis In the fate of hi master, shall dictate his own
t rrus."
·
.
H did not realize that the north would use that enthu ·iasm and indignation to give force to Its material
inh>r • ts.
ltlter the chattel slave nor the wage slave
wer enough awake In those days to make themselves
felt In the . struggle. It was only the master classes
which held the Jevet·. "You make sentiment, we use
It," aid eward., the Republican, to the abolitionists.
Alas. it is too true that much of the "sentiment"
that et hundred of thou ands of men at each others
throats acros Mason and Dixon's line was made by men
that b 11 v d in peace.
. Ala . th freedom earned by the sword was followed
by wage sla\·ery and "white" slavery well nigh or quite
ga~e
as detH<>r&ble as ' y 'that preceded, while the war
a n Impetus to a form of capitalism more arrogant and
merciless th.an has been found in any other country In
this i)eriod or plutocracy.
~
·• Praise qr blame have little rational place in historical judgments. But halos unwisely placed may lead to
present blunders. William Lloyd Garrison will always
be a name to conjure by in his ardor and persistent devotion, but his wisdom and spirit will be questioned
·more by tbe future than they have been in the past.
. Merit cannot be measured by martyrdom. The man
who gives way passionately to denouncing evils Is not
likely to see the surest, quickest path to freedom from
those evils.
Has not the time. come when unswerving loyalty
and deep feeling can go hand In hand with clear-sighted,
practical judgment in the applied science of social
progress·?
Has not the sense of evolution and social law brought
enough of B!lnity and insight to make the Garrisons of
today retain the unfaltering devotion, the unyielding
persistence, the consecrated ardor of the earlier struggle, while keeping utterly free from the bitterne13s, the
obs tinate fanaticism and the scorn of practical exP.edlency which made the splendid zeal of great hearted
men dubious In resu.Jts?
A study of the spirit and methods of the tens of
thousands who are on the firing line in today's struggle
for industrial freedom will show that the social science
of Karl Marx has brought just this new phenomenon l.n
human history. It shows masses of men moving together, year in and year out toward a clear goal, by wise,
practical paths, as free from malice as from compromise.
Such a spectacle the progress of industry and of
thought has made possible. The Garrisons of today·
will succeed without the blind, blundering an$1 methodless ardor which was probably inevitable in the earlier
time. No needless, purposeless, fruitless Gettysburgs
w!IJ divert the sure progress of the approaching years.
THE TWO DYINGS
By Margaret Widdemer
I can remember, once ere I was dead,
The sorrow and the prayer and bitter cry
·when they that loved me stood around the bed,
Knowing that I shpuld die.
·
They need not so have grieved their souls for me,
Grouped statue'Jlke to count my falling breath;
Only one thought strove faintly, bitterly,
With the kind drug of Death:
. How once upon a time, unwept, unknown,
Unhelped by pitying sigh or murmured prayer,
My youth died in siow agony aione,
With none to watch or care.
WEIGHING IN
As they passed a street scale one day a wag handed
this to his English friend:
"To find out how heavy you are get a weigh!"
The victim couldn't see the joke, though his friend
was hugely amused. However, thinking that It must
have been a good joke because or his friend's amusement he thought to try it on aft. acquaintance_ He sald:
"Say, old top, If you want to find out how much
you welgh, all you have to do Is to m~e over."
�/
The We s tern Comrade
A K F. STO E. A Sculptor
By GORDON NYE
With a Message
a dreamer. His .fine nature utterly unsuited him for the
'Gi::iii R Hf!; subject or this sketch Is one ot the
"bard, grinding, shrewd and crafty commercial life of
most thought-compelling of the small
but steadily growing band or sculptors,
this age of dollar worship. He was a lumber-merchant
artists, and poets who place moral Ideal- ·
and though he struggled manfully to succeed without
sacrificing his high principles, or lowering his ideals of
Ism abo1•e all material consideration,
integrity, he finally failed financially and when Frank
and who arc willing to make great sacrlllces In order that they may be tru·e
was but three years of age poverty took possession of
his father's home. Early the child was compelled to
to thell· Ideals of justice and thus true
toil long hours to help in the battle again t starvation.
to the high demaqd or their spiritual
Stone's youth was rendered bitter by pinching povnature.
The sc·u lptor, IUl a servant of idealerty; yet the Angel of Beauty did not wholly desert her
own. His imagination was fed as by a perpetual but
iRm and interpn•ter Of the SOUl 6( beauty feedS the
lmaglnutlon with Jl l' ing ..wahidden spring, even amid
ter; and baiTing the joy that
gloomy and soul-deadening
ill hor·1i of th e lo1·o for
environment. · \\' hen ever he
idNI I llfP, hi R WOrk yie ld!>
could snatch a few momoro p11 r (' an d exalted
ments· he s trove to picture
p)oaHIII'o than aught else
some of the beautiful
know n to man. l~tl p ec lall y
images that haunted his
Is thi s tru e when the at·tiAt
brain.
underHtandH and dlss cts
One day a we ll -known
the ca11ses of our social
artist saw some of young
wrongs and uses his skill
Stone's chalk-drawings and
and imagination to Influ insisted t h a t t h e work
ence th e Hlow - thlnk lng mlls h o wed "the sculptor's
llonR,
hand." From that day Stone
And thl ~ Is exnc tly what
came under the instruction
l~ rank F'. Stone, Los An of Richard Belt, sculptor to
geles, sculptor and SocialQueen Victoria. Here was
Ist, Is doing,
the longed-for opportunity,
Llko Gerald Massey th
and though. circumstances
poet, Stone learned to think
compelled the youth to toll
seriously and fundamenta-lly
early and late. he managed
after he hurl fall en und er
to give the necessary time
the wheels or Ca pitalism,
to his new work.
Gerald fn ssey, It w111 be
As the months passed it
l'emembered, when n little
seemed that fortune had at
s ickly boy was forced to lalast claimed the sclptor for
bor tout·t en hours a day
her own. Many eminent
amid tht~ unsanitary en· men came to his studio for
vironment of the English
sittings. . Gladstone. Cardifactories, In a dcspemte
nal Manning, M1·. Stanley,
battle to keep th wolf of
Mrs. Booth, Lord Tennyson
starv~tlon from the wretch ~
and many others of England's most distinguished
ed little ho.me. It was seelug a.ud feeling all the bit men and women sat for the
terness ~nd horror or exsculptor. Seldom has fortt·eme poverty, when it e.tune smiled more genially
lsts side b y s i d e w tt h
upon a favored son than Site
wealth swollen to abnormal
smiled at this time upon
the young sculptor.
pvovorUo.us by Injustice,
But his health · failed;
l>l'hHege and cor-ruptiou
never robust, hle bad drawn
th.at called toxtb ma.ny of
Ms mo t powerful aud eon~
too heavily on his reserve
sctence-arresitng poems,
strength
and pbysi.cians or"TH E WORKE R."
It takes tb.e lasb o{ adideredl him to move to a
verslty, tb.e goal o.! b.unger
country where the air is
puue-, dry and sunny. He sold hts househofd belong!Jngs
to awake~l! most o~ us to a rea.l!ization or the (ruil!s O:f
andl set out for Canada. l.alter Mr. Stone removed! to
~1;1Ju.sUce a>ndJ iuequall~y and! the- morat .uesponslibilltY
Los Aillgeres, h!ich has been his h0me for tile last thirdexolviug ou every lUli to tb.lnk ea.ruestly and! (\mdatneutal1y o.o. a>U poUHca1 a..o.di eCOJlOm.lc problems·. In
teen yeaus.
ome oe the Sli!uEptor's creations that impress; us.
tb.ls respect ~'rank li'. St0ue wats n.o n.ceptiotll to the rule.
as especiallly fine are: '"t'lle Wm;ket,'' "The Agony o11
M11. ~o~ wa borOJ ~ London, Ehgtand!. · K'ts fBltheli
the Ages," urundl '"Fhe Two AmbLilians."
was a lllAD 0t ediu.ca.tiou and refi.n.emell!t, an id:elllliist Bind
II
�Th e Western C o_m r a d ~
155
ment of "The Two Ambitions," to llfe-stze tn marble.
The piece is to be placed in front of a. New Jersey
churcf whose pastor Interested. his members In the
artist s "sermon in stone' by preaching a pulpit sermon
tbe'reon.
•
Another powerful piece of work is "The Agony of
the Ages." Mr. ~tone's fiye line poem glves h[s theme
as figured forth lrr the composition:
':The age-long, blind, dumb Agony of Life
G~ve glorious Knowledge birth.
Then pain and strife
Took meaning; and to Knowledge, Love was born;
Love that is wise to will and to foresee
Sull'e•·ing's assuagement in the time to be.."
The three figures in this work represent "Agony,"
"Knowledge" and "Love" as set forth in the above
poem. And of the symbolism employed tb'e sculptor
has this .to say : "It is not without deliberate design
that l have given the 'Agony'-Qstenslbly a female
figure-a very masculine aspect; the thoughtful beholder will understand. Nor is it without meaRing that
the balance of 'Equity' is dependent from the engine of
judicial vengeance, with the very Bo!>k of the Law
Itself throwing it ou\ of poise. This presents the
artist's Idea of the ever-present though oft disclaimed
presumption of guilt against the victim.
"The concentration or introspection depicted In the
pose of 'Knowledge,' who, bending over her scroll,
(Continued on next page.)
"TH E TWO AMBI T IONS."
"The Worker'' is a powerful and suggestive creation. It is a figure that commands respect and to us
represents the ideal worker-strong and masterful and
with a mind that can think. Ju referring to this work
Mr. Stone has written the following descriptive lines:
~· what makes h ?
Everything-yet Rh iftless goes;
Omnipotent well•nigh, yet-crass of brainHis chiefest work on drones and cheats bestows,
Whil for himself he weld.s an endless chain."
His fine and original creation, "The two Ambitions,"
is the r snit of many months of mental effort. Commenting on the work an Ea'ltern magazine says: "How
well do s th Sltlek self- entered figure represent the
«:'!:Wist who. through w alth, the assumption of divine
right. the accid nt of birth, or the sword of force, seeks
powpr, prestige and advantage over others! And equally
f hc!tous i the type of noble humanitarian who,
lhoughtless of s If and unwilling to rise alone, has
fixed his eyes on the heights to which he is rai,ing his
wpakPr broti1er. Here ' e have epitomized the heart
or Lh gr at struggle now raging throughou t the wo•·ld."
fir wa~· of argument to tb<! work Mr. tone has
written the following lines:
''Two ends in life two eag r souls pursue:
One bent on rich , one on helpful deed;
One's aim dominion, one's the good and true..
Achie,·ing but to en-e the common ne~d."
.:\egotlations are now 11raceeding for the enlarge-
" THE AGONY OF T H E AGES."
�156
The Western Comrade
The Toiler
and His Hire--'
.,..
are confronted with large issues in
these days. We are told that the country cannot be saved unless we can have
physical valuation or railroads. We
\ T/
~
are told that we must conserve our natb.~
ural resources. We are ·told that we
must reform the currency and that we
mus't do this imd do that if we are to be
saved.
It requh·es no remarkable sagacity
to understand that we must do something- for it Is easy to see that something is the matter.
l'e rhaps nothing has so clearly driven home the fact
that something is the matter as the figures just gathered
unde r direction of th e United States treasury department for use in assessin.g the ne w income tax.
Many are aware that srutislics relating to the ceonomi c condition of the people are none too reliable· at
times. !Jut the frtct that th ese figures are to bel'\'e as
th e lm s is for th e levy in g of a tax seems to give to them
a rc•asonaiJLe assurance of accuracy.
Two great pyramid s are developed by these remarkable figur es. On e pyramid is large at the base, taperlug upward to a peak. Th e other is inverted and rests
upon itH peak. One pyramid represents men; the other
re presents dollars.
Tho income tax is based upon yearly incomes, so,
of necessity, these figures deal with yearly incomes. It
would b.e more fitting, in th e majority of the cases errumerated, to speak of eamings, rather than incomes, for
we have come by common usage to look upon an income
as ' someth ing lhat comes without having been earned.
And the Jlgut· s are ample proof that the majority of
persons earn the mon ey that comes to them- and more.
.And now Jet u s look at the two pyramids,
· Persons Engaged
Average Income
37, 15,000 .................................. $
601
r.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'!!!!!II E
W
m
126,000
178,000
53,000
24 ,500
' 10,500
21,000
8,500
2,500
550
350
100
........................ ..........
.............................. ~. .
.. .......... ¥....................
.. ............ ,...................
........... .'. :...................
............ ......................
..................................
........................ ..........
.................. ................
................. ..... .. ..........
..................................
4,500
7,500
12,500
17,500
22,500
37,500
75,000
175,000
375,000
750,000
1,500,000
Capltallsm
in a nutshell!
·,,...,.
{Continued from preceding page.)
turns her back upon Superstition as symbolized In the
sacl'iflclal tripod and the Jupiter--ls thrown into marked
contrast by the hopeful, farseeing gaze of the 'Love,'
who, for her part turns away from the Implements of
war."
Mt·. Stone is ·exhibjtlng by Invitation some of his
s maller works at the Ghent Exposilion in Belgium,
and among the number is his bronze medallion of Clarence Darrow. This work is one of the sculptor's latest
and finest creations.
* * *
It will not be sut•pri ing If the time comes-wlren he
at·t - lovi ng chiz.ens of California and the world who
ha\'e patronized Mr. Stone will find the works they
ester M. Wright
..
.
· The great mass of people get a vel'Y little. Tde
great mass of wealth goes to a very tew: lt fg not the
man who has brains to create things who .- is reward~.
The reward goes to the man Wibo has brains that enable
him to take away from the man wbo creates.
In ro~nd numbers, thirty.e!ght mitlion people get
an average annual wage of $601. O:n.e hundred get an
average annual income of a million and one-halt doJlars!
,
Scattered along between th~se two cl&.sses are those
who are between the upper and the: nether millstones,
either climbing one way to become exploiters, pure · and
simple, or going the other way to become complete victims or exploitatiOn.
I
For there is no explanation except the explanation
of exploitation for such a condition. No one wUl contend- at least not In public-that there are in this
country one hundred men who are capa.b le of honestly
earning one and one-half millions of ·dollars ln a year,
sustaining the effort y·e ar after year.
So we find that the great mass of the people aPe
producers, while the 'ver:; small minority gather in the
product. While the people who are really useful to the
country, by virtue of the fact that ::the.y. cr61lte tl:te
things that the country n1JJSt laave ~to keep tt alive
physically, are compelled ~to,.-exlst oq a r~turn& hat is
s tartlingly meager, t~e Httl~ ·handful of parasttt'cal peaocks strut across the land arrayed in purloined finery
nd S\IStain.elr in every move they make by the prodct of · tltewarded toil.
;As ou stand off where you can get 11 good square
look at the figures, things look rather· 'topsy turvy.
Something big is wrong. Those who produce all the
things we· haYe g!!t but very little for their labor. Those
who produce nothing get a Yery great deal. The men
an'd women- and children-who turn the wheels that
produce the grist are not getting the grist.
Now the idea that we must have currency reform
and that we must have phy sical valuation of railroads
and federal control of this and tbat is all very well.
We must have a lot of things. But the great trouble
about that Is that so very, Yery many of the people who
are clamoring for those things do not know why they
are ne-eded, or at best do not recognize the tru e need:
Th _ real need for all those things that go under the
general classification of reforms is to be found In the
big fact that the ereasury department bas tardily uncovered-that fact being one long known to ocialists
and some ·few others who have cared to listen to what
possess valued fat· beyond the cost to them, for in our
land the men of imagination, the tri.te artists, poets
and dream rs- who stand as -plon ers -of ·'the"!greacart
that is coming will be more and more apprecialJ!d.
Ere long their creations will be treasured abo.ve price
as the works of the advance-guard in the awakening
9-f the great art-spirit of America.
Frank F. tone belongs to the army of emancipa tion. He is 'doing a work fur our time not unlike that
which Massey and Mackay accomplished in the Eugland or the forties. The hope of the world- the hope
of the human family lies in such men- men who fully
r allze the moral obligations they owe to the cau se of
just!
ana humanity -an-d \vlH) are noble enough to
rise above selfish consideration and devote their lives
to the advancement of their fellow men.
�15
Tbe Western C.omra.de
the Socfallsts; bad to sar-that ninety per cent of the
people do the woTk ot the world while ten per cent of
the people own the wealth of the world. Out of 38,240,000 .per11ons covered in tbe the treasury department
:figures, 37,81&,000 have an average annual Income of
$601 per tear. One hundred get a million and one-half.
Outside or those two cluses not many remain. The
middle class Is &mall-and growing smaller.
Jr there were nothing else to be produced those fighres should Htand as argument enough against the
status quo. But men who sought facts have been busy
In other channels a.nd when all of the facts are presented
the poor old cnpLtallst system has not a leg upon which
to stand. For ln!ltance, the same government that gave
us thos tlgures also tells us that the cost of living bas
"one Ut> flfty -elght per cent In ten years! And It Is the
t'Oflt ot living balanced against our Income that determines how we shall lfve. 'l'en years ago an annual Income or $601 would not have been regarded as productive of more than a bare existence. So, with the cost
or Jiving fifty-eight Jl I' cent higher now, what shall we
s~ of thut ' lncome?
'!'he man In the million and one-half dollar class
muy well look down from his dizzy heights. and exclaim
with the S pal'lans of old, ''We s hould be lost If these
men knew th ei r power! "
And fur the man In the $601 class-all there !s for
him to do Is to gather with those of his kind and Jearn
Ili A JlOWel'.
But, we hare not yet had all of the facts In the case.
Let u ~ go on a little further and pile up a little more
(' l·ldcnr against the sort of ayst m that puts a prellllum on a certoln bmnd of robbery. There Is something startling Yet to b told.
We an:! Informed lly those who profit by the malntenatwe or undllluns as they are that the poor are
tmor heca11se they are lucapallle of being rich and we
are told thnt the poor ar puo,t· because there is a con~llut llY dect•easlng food BU llP~Y In the fa • of a constant- ·
ly lm:r•eo.slng population. In thus stat ments many
def<'lld t'll llnd much sola
and th y do indeed put
llllUIY otnplaluer·s to rout with th lr hallow r a oning.
t'lhttl' ,Jam s 'l'odd, Ph.D., Univer lty of Illinois,
which, by th way, i not th Ro kefeller institution,
but quite tl till\' rent on , brings rorth the facts that lay
this ghost. Prof. Todd tells us that wliile there ar
rr·om ten to tw n~ ml\11 us or 11 ople con tantly at the
11oVel't.Y llu tn the Unlt t1 tales .there Is a constantly
g.t'o\ lng SUllPIY of food product with wblcb to ustain
lit .
J hall let Prof. 'l'odd tell th · tory.· H says:
"J.~rom 1 60-l 10 pOJ>ulatlon trebled. But ad valorem taxi! · ht'Cl'eas d -el~ht-foltl- From 1 ?0-1910 genel'811 populat.t'on increased two and une-hal'f tl~·
and persons
engag< d h1 avkultu
do~bled.
But the produc -of
agrlcultul'e lnc'l'eased t~ur and one-·b alf fold ln valuaUon.
'l'eC'ellt Cl"Oll r :pnrt .from the tU.ted tate:s ·De)1attnr n o'f A.grlcuh.u l'e 't at s tl1at for tbe la t It n ror
fiifi~n YMt tlbe iPO'PUiaUon ot :th clvi.U:zed world, oexd"dtng Mll\ l1as b n lnel"ea:sJng t t'be rate of .albout
!I per ~nt l'e1'
:r But ihe production of ~tbe 1fl
g1 a ~l'eal - wh.ell!t, ool1U, roats, cy and lb~~~rl'ey-.s'bo .s
al'! aw•rag;e · ann la1 tncl'ea · 'Of albout '2.'5 p r oent. In
{)'t~let· woN'Is, ifGod ~s 'OU1t. t'f1p'}lirrg ~o;pnla11llon a · a double
1'a't:e. ~ t l!'ea1t,v noo'kS 18'8 ~if' ttJh )):'1'0'b1em 10f itJh !flu1lu;re
<rn1ght !be tro ttind m6U'th for 'OWl' rnonmou . tares 'l!lf ffo d,
ift'ls't'ead of de. :pe'l!Ate1Y ~ mtJ'ing t0od t or nlllio:ns 10f ifam. .ti
moutih . ~'tl fa:et,
:a.'l"e -n: ,..
:a'b
t -a.n o11m nt o·r n q11a'rt-e'f <o.f ihe ·a'ralb'le ~llll'ld lin
JDiitr a , tes
wm1~d mot <on ho~ tlhe ~·OTld~ Jfooa SUi>PlY-
I
"But these flt'Ots are taken from the ag;rtcultuw and!
indoalrlal sYStem as theY are now, without. cous.tderin
the posldbilltlea that jje tn soientlfic. Bgl'iculll.J'~. ®nverlflltion and i.nventiou. ' (lienee stand ~ a tOEI com~
p~tent senant behind heJ: wrangling, undelebred
'er •
holding out resource , devices and reme.die.s tb,ey. ~
too stupid to see.'
"The conclusion of th.e matter I that overpopul ~
_ tlon is not. imminent, and that from the stanclpoinl ot
natural resources ours is a world of plenty, and po-verty
is unnecessary. We are or should b enJoring an econ~
omy or surplus, not of deficit."
The professor's conclusion is that If 10 000,000
Americans are starving it is pureh• ''because of human
Ignorance, of bad politics and worse economics."
The proof that there is enough for all Is abundant.
None n~eds to starve. ALL COULD have plenty. None
needs;to be enslaved to another.
BUTThey do starve and they are enslaved. And the tew
do pile up great hoardsAND'l'hat brings. you smash up against that classic
phrase Invented by Tom Platt and used by many others
since be fell from the zenith:
··
"What are you going to do about it?"
When enough people know WHAT to do about It the
doing wlll be done In short order. The trouble just now
is that not nearly enough people have any Idea of what
to do about it.
The fact that we need to learn thoroughly Is that
the entire system-all the economic wrong there Iswe shall find securely bundled up in a great, ramifYing
net which Is called the law. The law gives certain
rights to the owners of property. 1t prescribes certain
things that owners of property may do to Increase their
property. Abstract right has nothing to do· with legal
right. Legal rights are the things that men can do
and not run counter to .the Jaw. And, since much of
our law was made when capitalism was budding-and
even before that- it does not fit the present situation.
It allows many things that should not be allowed. It
allows many sorts of plundering that should not be
allowed. In short, it allows a few men to take and own
the product of many men. 1t allows slavery, In fact
it not In form.
The capitalist system has grown up ·under the law.
What the capitalist does ·is legally right. Exploitation
i legally right. Any lawyer will tell you that 1t is perfectly legal to hire a man for one-dollar to produce an
artiele that co ts ten dollars. .A.nd when we consider
that the form of production bas o cha..nged that many
men are foreed to eek employment from a very tew
men we understand why the man does work wortb ten ,.
dollar while. he •e in return only one dollar. He
H.A.S t'o.
'fihe eapltalist system stands upon law. 1t is tDnd
()f law. Jt understands a.U about ~- It (l()ddJes lt
aniJ fu ters it and g.ets ilt interprde.d "''"easODaillr' anrl
ofttim
it fixed up JP110perJy 'in legisl1ltures.
Wb n ·e understand :that ·we ee the ·work eut .out
for u.s. Our 'b1g itask ls to cllan,ge tJhe law .o that lt
will.l lflt
n
ol' il.lhe many :and ltihe .oondltions 11.1:nder
wlh~Ch dleY lla!bor lll!lld i>l10duoe. ·
\Vi 'C8!IliDOt consider for a moment tlib.at tthere m~
ib·e rany 'Ot:h er \\WI!' 'OU1 ol' the .sit:
The one rtihlng
:at w ca.n <eonslder iis 'that o era ~ .%II. e1f.eot.. .!We
rmu t ell. :at e eause-=.at :e oot <Of e ev~1.
The ren:hl:ne -eo:onomic .sw t..em lis mooted .lin llaw. lLa
must lbe cbanged. i.Ja\W iis cll~ed ~b..nougb 'Wlhatt ·we «:all
mas
�11J8
The Western Comrade
volltkt. Tbu•, w must have polhlcal actton--revolutJonary volltlcal action. ·
ur ma blnerr of vrocJu(.'tlon !JI satis!actory. With
• • wo •an and do produce all that we need. We a.r e
etJnll n·ur lm(~rovlog our m thods of production. But
wh n w ·om to DISTRIBUTION we lind the crime ot
all hllltory, 'rh ' cavttalhlt proudly declaims that "the
I b1>ror IH worthy ot hls hlr " and then proceeds to put
th gr al •r 1111rt or th laborer's "hire'' In his own
, 1.10 k • L~GA I.-LY .
lJJstrlbutlon Is all wrong. Not that wages are too
low, or the cost ot Jiving Is too high- not only that. The
ntlro IIYHll m Is wrong. All WAGES are wrong. All
Jlltofl'l1' Is wrong. All RENT and IN'rEREST Is wrong.
J~m· I !11 through thos
ag ncle11 that exploitation, or
rohhor·y, •om ll, It ts th r that DI STRIBUTJON goes
wr•ong. Jror <.IIHtrllmtlon Is not . simply loading things
<m wagtlllli or tJ•alnH and tnkln~ th m to some other
)llru•v. lllstr·thutlon IH g tUng the product to the people
wli o lll't• to IIH It- but 't hnt lnvolv s more than wagons
nnc1 LJ•nlnM. · I lnvolv 11 HOW MUCH gets. to th people
who nro going to us lt. And rent, 'lnt rest and profit,
fi iOI'It I hnn WO.KOUK un<l trains, det rmlne HOW MUCH
IH tO Rill W 'th P OJll who us .
'f'hn Hnc•lnllst ront utlon Is that. v ry person Is
pntlth•tl tu th • JH'odurt of his toll. That Is putting the
mnltnr· r·uuudl y. In ra t th labor r will not g t QUITE
nil. l•'nl' th ro will b a t w who will not labor, but
\\ hu will Jl v In
mfor· . Th y will b those who are
lnc·upacltated tot· toll- not those who do not care to toll.
'l' h Roc lullst ont nllon Is that all things used colI t•tlv ly ought to b oil tlv ly owned and democratlc•nll ndmlnlst · ,. d. That at on
!lmlnates the capltnl hH- lh mnn who llv s from the toll ot others. It
ban e errone Jtom life excep those
to pcodttce enohgh to maintain lite- and:
~o
.are Willing
i.t p..-o
e<:
from
robbery those. who W1Ult to ~·ork and to U e "~\'ell I .
means tbat UDder SoeiaUSln on might :produce all ou
ar~t capable of producing v.ith no fear that some o.ne
may take away from you any part of hat • ou produced. And it also means tbat yoa cotl]d take from no
other person any ot that person's product.
•
We do need a lot of the things that the reformer
tell us we need. But our REASONS are different. They
are intent· upon so "fixl.ng" the old machine that it wlll
continue to run. The Socialist i.s intent upon supplant~
ing the old machine with a new one under whlch the
evils produced by the old can no longer be. For, so
long as the old machine runs at aU it will produce its
evils, to a greater 01: less degree and of those evils e
are heartily tired and ashamed.
Our conclusion Is that the laborer is worthy of:-~ot
his hire, but his product, and that the exploiter Js worth
nothing at all and we do not want him among us.
We are intent upon revolution through political action. We are Intent upon rescuing the $601 class and
abolishing the million and one-half dollar class. We
do not want to divide up the wealth that exists, but
we want to prevent the exploiters from forci.rig us to
divide up with them that which we are y£:t to produce.
The Socialist party JS the channel through which .we
must work and the ballot is the weapon that we must
use. The class that needs emancipation is the working class. The Socialist party is a party of the work.
log class and when enough shall come to see their class
Interests and to understand the way out of their economic difficulties the reward of toll will not be $601 a
year. It will be whatever that toil has brought Into
'being.
_. . . .ing a Socialist Film
By FRANK E. WOLFE
"Everybody melt ot.it on the conversation stutf till
his Grace gives the answer to this puzzle," shouted a
scalded iron molder whose naked torso and splendid
BELO
er.
I pJt a swift
t
:u
�,
The We s tern Comr .a de
159
"GOO D NI G H T, DADDY," AT T H E MI L LIONA I RE'S HOME
>~cenarlo when the director gav me the business on the
sob stutT Sat'day." This in a hlgh_pltched pipy voice
from a 60-pound prodigy who sat astJ'ide the ponderous
knee of Wild Bill Hickok llke an English guardsman
~ it s his horse, and tickled that 11ust re and almost awful
poraon In tho ribs.
"Fade out. Fay." said a whit -rae d girl who had just
been b11med to n cril'lp while tied to a practical stake
In the willows along the north side of the Platte River.
"lt'H this way," said th duke. "This western stuff
is out of it. You can nil see clearly where that comes
in. The main show under the big top Is the one In
whl<'h we are portraying the maladjustment of the ecouomlc, lndu~:~t•·ial and polltlcal system under which we
lll'e. This morning we worked out a. scene of heartrending po,•eJ't)', now wo participate in one of lavish
wealth.
II tl;u'Ough the picture we have made these
!ltaJ'tling parallels. You boys and girls are doing a far
~:reater thing than you know.
You are privileged to
work In the t11·st great oclallst play ever put on the
screen and I'd advise you to make the ma t of your
ovvortunlty when you get lu on a scene. You feel this.
as I feel lt. as far as yon understand and you should
make it •·egis tel' to· the utmost of your abutty."
"I'm going to do that," said tbe buckaroo who was
tleeply imvressecl. 1 belong to that bunch. I wa rounded up and branded Joe Cannon out in Arizona two years
ago."
''tm doiug my best." said a youth who had listened
to the duke wLth. rapt attention. l don't like to have my
<'M\ torn ott' but l'tn going to do a faH in that re- take
of the sttHte stuiJ that wllL couvince the director that
I'm s.loughed with a Jjlraetlcat pick handle."
No. ge(\tie. bewHd wed readet·. this. couversation did
uot tak:~ vta,ee ~u th& outdoor ann~x of a state asytum.
l"' was in the property voem li>f the Occidenta~ MJott0n
~'lctu.ve studlli> in East Hollywood where hundreds af
performers have been engaged In producing a Socialist .
special feature film of four reels, and a number of
shorter plays with diversified motives.
Pr:>bably no motion· picture that has been produced
In any of the scores or studios In Los Angeles has created such a profound interest among the photo players.
In th e convention scenes, at the p~nlcs, In the senate
scene and others where Socialists have participated,
the pl'ofessional performers have been deeply Impressed
by th.:! readiness of the comrades to make speeches.
During the progress of the state convention scene
speeches were made by two of the high-class performers in the cast after hours of travail In memorizing
lines, whlle Stanley B. Wilson, Fred C. Wheeler and
\VIlilam Mountain made Impressive extemp.oraneous
speeches without an Instant's }Varnlng. The fine
speech of Chri tlan B. Hoffman was an event of great
Importance that will long be talked about by the hundreds of performers who then heard their first Socialist
speech. In the scenes enacted by J. ·sutt Wilson only
one brief rehearsal lasting less than two minutes was
neces..ary, and the acUon registered was excellent.
Among tho e who have "acted'' under my direction none
has b~en more natural, tberefore more convincing, than
Job Harriman, Clarence Darrow, H. 'A. Hart, T. W.
'Williams. Emanuel Julius, Cyrus F. Grow, Frank Belcher :\nd HteraUy thousands of Socialists who have been
in the great scenes and whose devotion and enthusiasm
will bow dl tinctly ·on the screen with the production
of the play," From Dusk to Dawn," a por trayal of the
world-wide class struggle. AU of the scenes are completed and the exhibition of motion picture No. 1 only
awahs the comp[etion ot posters and a few mrnor details to show the crunliades aU over the wMid a ~Uon:
pictume de-picting same or the sUrrtng scenes tl'lat d'eveioped into an acute stage [n Southern Ca£Uornta during the past two years.
�The Western Comrade
he Awakening Of Georgia
.
By N . A. RICHARDSO
l:~!!:::~~;tVr~N
tomnambullstlc Georgia Is awakulng under the stress of -modern ece"'
nomic conditions. But Georgia is still
burdened, especially among the older
m mhcrK or her society, with the idea
that those who work are either slaves
or poor white trash. That real, Jfve,
thinking, UJJ.LO-date, American citizens
Hhould he l!tJ KIIged In manual toll Is to
them uuthtnknble.
One of thh1 11t.rlpe of her Inhabitants
htLH juHt doHccJ a t ·r·m aK governar and his parting blast
to lhu llMHf•miJIIng leglilature wtJJ contribute materially
t o th o ur·unHing or t.h lnhorlng masses of the South and
111 !hnlt• nl11(nmont In th l'llnks of the Indus trial revolutlonii'IIH. It Is woll.
·
·
'l'h t• outgoing !!OVPI'IlOI', ,Jos. M. Brown, ls a fine
IYPI• or tiH• l:imrlhcrn gontl man, but he has about as
IIIII I• It or CL I(I'IHI P or I h s ignificance Of· the events Of
tmlu alii hnH u. t~ ltlld . Th o t1·emendous economic class
H J' UK!oflt• lhnt h1 1111 mpltlly ngulfiug the whole world
f\11 lli'V (lJ' liM!ll'o hns nny other, has no more meaning
to him tl111n hnd th o Mll!sourl ompromlse to Ills counltoJ'tmn In 11120.
III H hit ll'l' lllntrlbo Is lnnn ·b d against that now
1\llliO~I ohHOIPit' 111111 l ouNt e ftl cl nt expression of that
MI I'UMI<\11'. tIll' t' l'llft 11nlonR. In ull of which he and the
Kolllh , 11 11 \11111111, nro Hom o decades IJ hind In the race
toll'lll'tl t·lvlll :mllnu . H o hiUI llttl thought that what Is
l'l'ttll,l' t·omllllo: nt u 111111'\'QIOus pace will mnke that form
or nl'lolllll hmtlnll took llko hnrml €'811 Innocence.
l•'tu· t wn ~· t•li i'H this num 1111 b n governor over a
1{1'\•H II'r flt•l' t'l'lll or whltl' t~la\' 11 In th p rsons of little
t•hl ltl t't'l\, pout', oi.JI'tlll'nt WI' tch s, too helllless and
Jltll\t'l'h•lll-1 Ill tlt•l\' nd lhl'lt' t•lghts to th sllghtest degree,
t hl\11 t'Xltlll-1 nu~· wh t• t't' l'l e In America if not in all
'hrltll\'tltlnm. 1'hough hi' grow s loquenl in his "deft'IIHI' or hill' nnd nrder," we hear not a word in denun_
lnthlll of this numsn·osit~-.
lint WhNI tlw nbl .lmtllod ml'n of his realm refuse to
Huhmlt to t'nulltlons thnt tho old owitf'rs could not
1\ITill'd hi lt\lllOSI.' \lllOII lh h• hlll\\1111 lii'OJlert.y, orgaulz.e,
, n·ll~t' nml 1 H~· show lht'lr h•t'th (''" u to a relati l'ely
modt•l'!lh• ''~'11:1'\'1', this 1'\.'lm:-st>ntall\' t' of catlltalism at
Its Will', 1 hl'\•nks f 1rth in h•rms so vi lou tb t only
llt•t·iolllt'·nl. of lht lltl'llll' f th I.o.! An le<> Tim
will
11,1\ t' him s1 t'l.' ~~ an~· n, hlernbll' distan«> from holm'.
It l'\•ntls mud\ Ilk~.> tht- old on lnu~hts or the .. utbern
''"'"'" l"-~h\. t th ah 1lhlt nist,·
1d. In tbt' end, will
111 IV\' j11. 1 '-''1\\111 S df~ th'l',
'\'hi' ~ \ '1'\\\ll'
tliat tht> labor uni n.· ron titute
th'' tml'l t ' ldt us tntst In At wori\' and that: • uclt a
th'\ ''' '1111\\'1\ \ is <WI lUng to el r~- I \'er of tbe I w _
'"let.
\•t lt is \\II ''''~ ·t •~· n ~ ·hkb tell mon:> vh idl\" th
tb<\t tht' lall>l.'r ualon bl:llds it. U higbll'r tb:ln the
l:A\\," l\\11 l '' ..us ~ ti"""~ to dL rn tb~t it · tbe
1\\\it:a\i''" f t
~l\italb.t.· woo • aE HIGHER
'\'U, , ' '\'Ul\ l ... \\' t t
''" tbi.:bina.t'
of tb
nl.." - a l h:a;,·
·~ root
"~" h~
'
he means-which he does not-the system of capitalism
that be is upholding, he bas put the · matter very
pointedly.
And be tells us: "There are upward of two mll.lions of people In Georgia who look with no patience
upon the continuance of conditions which leave their
basic rights In life at the mercy of the star chamber
of the labor unions." The governo(s figures are somewhat extravagant, but It is doubtless true that a majority of that state, ' led by such blindness as he manifests, still prefer the star chamber of the employers,
of the men who enslave even the babes "or that commonwealth and who, if left to their own foul practices,
would, maintain a state-wide system of peonage that
would shame the darkest helJ of the old chattel slave
holders. But you are helping to waken your people,
governor, and ere long they will car_ry more enlightenment with them when they go to the polls.
This political light seems to deplore the fact · that
during the last decade the workers for the rallway11 of
the state h-ave, through the medJum of unions, raised
the wages an average of $105 per annum per each employe. Evidently the railroads think the unions are
bad things and their opinions may be more or Jess
reflected In the words of the governor.
No, governor, the struggle is on. Your state Is ex_
periencing but the prellmin.a ry phases of it. When It ls
ended, t he system that you are endeavoring to bolster
up will be as foreign to our civilization a s is another
that you probably fought for in your youth. The wo~ld
moves and all your bombast cannot prevent it. The
methods of its moving may appeal to you as crude,
cruel, or e\·en anarchistic. You heard much of the
arne sort of a ccusation when you were a boy. But it
kept mo,·ing.
"NO-SURRENDER OATES"
By Frank Taylor
.. It was blowing a blizzard. Oates said: 'I am just
going outside, and I may be some time.' He went out
into the blizzard. and we ha\·e not seen him slnce."Tbe Diary of Captain cott.
It was not in the fury and the foam,
The swift, eanh-shaklog tumult, and the shout..
Of dose-knit squadron riding bard and home,
Tbat he went out.
For him no trumpets called •·itb jubilant blast.
Onlv the ioe-wind' e\"erlastiog moan:
Alone into the solitude be passed,
Yet not alone_
For joyfnlb' the long line of bi oeers.
Yost joyfully those lallcb old bands aad tme.
Wbieb rode at
Balakla~ in far yean;.
And Waterloo.
WartnnJ;. and Paardt>blo-rg. and Den.ingeo.
Watdaro him go out inro the deaihly wildA_v. many q,liant souls of mighty DIE'f
.- tmtL and smiled.
e
the
lark!E'Y DUll lllDI1 thE> llaml_v ~ug :U>~?
ol a Wii5e old .,.-L
~
EllO'IId! to
�T h e Wester n Co m r a d e
161
The Truth Ab6ut
.the Canal
,
.
By· IC.IE BOWDRY .
~~~===;"~ HIS
is not an attempt to write a tech_
nlcal treatise on the Panama Canal nor
the philosophy of Socialism, but simply
an effort to present conditions as seen
at first hand.
Every informed Socialist knows that
governme nt ownership does not mean
Socialism, although we advocate It as a
means to an end.
Where Capital rules, government
\l;;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;;;;;!l ownership is exceedingly dangerous, and
can be used by the mone~· class as a bulwark behind
which they may hide and carry out gigantic schemes of
who lesale robbery.
When the people nile in fact Instead of theory then
go ve rnment ownership rnay be a real lJeneflt.
Clippings from se1·eral newspapns have made much
of the "canal zone as a l;'oclalist haven." The canal
zone as an argument for go1·ernment ownership as
adl'oeated !Jy the Soeialists is all tight, because in this
g-reat work every d!! partment of life has come under
g-orernment contt·ol and no\\·here hal'e \1·agf' worket·s
ilef'n so w<>ll cared for.
But to call the canal zone a "Socialist haYen" · is
ahsurd, and ouly capitalistic newspapers print such
stuff. \\'all Street rules in America. and it is well
(• nou gh for papers, representing money interests, that.
arc drawing fat dividE>u<is from sales made to the pur··hasing- department of the Isthmian Canal Commission,
to talk "Socialist hal'en iu Panama," but the clearhPaded comrades ou the joh know Wf' . are e njoyin~
militarism, not Soeialism. The administration is the
antipode of S6cialism. T~is ·a one . man control here
that outclasses anything of its kind in the world. All
r·redit is due th e chief en gi net-r because of his hrmid
a nd just treatm e nt of the questions that naturally
arisP in the Intricacies of this great work- but the fact
rema ins his word is absolute and flnal in el't-rything.
He has the power to say whether a person shall or
s hall not live in th e canal zone.
Auyone whom he tonsiclers und esi raiJle Is deported
a nd a re turn to the i~thmus means a term in prison.
1\t>.('ently a young man returned after lJeing deported
and had to stand trial and was sentenced to one year
in the canal plison. I do not know his offense. but
(·t>rtainly if he is a dange rous character to be abroad
in Panama it. is playing rather a nasty trick on America
to burden her with anothe r criminal at large.
Anothe t· feature o1·erlooked IJy the catlitalist writers
an1l th eir "Socialist haven'' is the fact that the men
doing the actual work- the common laboret·s- receive
10, 16 and 20 cents an hour. (See Official Handbook.)
Handbook .)
J<nowing the West Indian lahor, and considering the
rlifl'erence between thest> slow-witted blacks and th eir
more highly developed co- workers, there appears to be
a very good reason und er the circumstances for the
s mall wages. This, however, cannot be said to be
a llplied Socialism.
But there is a brighter side. This Is the world's
~-: realest example of go1·ernment owners hip. and th e
~ uccess ful administration of every phase of lite und er
!.:oyernment control foresha.d ows the better way advo•·a ted ll.y Socialists.
The methods followed 1n caring for the people is
'decidedly Socialistic In tendency. Instead of the usual
unsightly shacks of a contractor there are comfortable
homes-clean, well ventilated, suitably furnished, with
electric lights and baths, all free.
Considerable attention has been paid to roadways
and beautifying the surroundings in each village. The
streets usually follow the contour of the hills, this being a 'rough country. The houses ar·e built about twenty
feet apart, and all painted a dark slate with white
trimmings; this makes a mos t pleasing background for
the luxuriant tropical plants and also relieves the
monotony one might expect to flud In a village where
the houses are all alike.
The method of one great· r ceiving and forwarding
station. which supplies s ingle stores in each community
and the order and system that tlrevails, is an ideal long
held by the Socialists.
In the American towns proper it is a relief not to
see · hurrying grocery wagons and niilk wagons from
several competing houses crossing and recrossing the
same te rritory in endless duplication, adding all this
extra cost to the price paid by the consumer.
Under government control the same system Is used
as In the deli1·ery of mail in American cities. Great
wagons qrawn by a team of mules make regular rounds
deli vering the supplies which had been order d the day
llefore. Prices are about the same as In America, but
we are a long way from the base of supplies.
Bread making, laund ry, Ice and coffee-roasting plants
are all located in Cristobal, ~vhich Is the receil·ing and
forwarding station. All perishaiJle supplies are handled
by a train of twenty-one cars that leaves that 11oint
every morning at 4 o'clock.
The Health Department of the canal zone is re_
nowned for Its splendid work in conn ection with this .
great enterprise and is entitled to its share of glory in :
making the big ditch possible.
·
Ah·eady calls are coming in offering flatte ring positions to the different ones who have been instrumental
In transforming the isthmus f1 om the "pest hole of the
world" into a com pa rath·ely healthy place.
Yes, the Panama Canal is an argument for the Socialis t teaching of government owne rship, bul under a
capitali~>tic government it is by no means a Socialist
haven. The Panama Canal is Labor's achievement.
TO A POE1'
.
\Vhen
Thy
\Vhen
Thy
,.
Margaret Root Garvin
none besides was near to speak.
s inging spoke to me ;
Sorrow /\vas my only guest,
grief was company.
No lyric word or wis tful sigh
Hath stirred thy lips fo1· long;
Yet I do thank thee with my tears.
Requite th ee with my song.
- The L yric Year.
Some of tht> Senaton; at " 'ashington . are hinting
that If Woodrow Wilson does n't .stoq ~s mashing precedents, they'll take a hand at smashing presidents.
0
�162
The Western Comrade
/
FOUR. BITS
Across the HallDRIZZLING rain was falling: The world seemed wrapped in a shroud of gloom. December's
chill wind howled and moaned as the clock-bell sounded the early hour of four. The citya tired, giant monster, worn after toil and pain-was asleep. ,All seemed dead.
A man was groaning in a dark, damp room . . Across the hall, In a cold, uninviting chamber, lay a moaning woman.
He seemed to be an old man-sixty or more; and he coughed raspingly; and when he boug·h ed,
th e bed-clothes re<;eived crimson stains. He was dying. The end was near. So~m. a yawning
':
grave would swallow his 'withered corpse.
Long had he. suffered, long had he felt the life in him ebb away as the cold hand of death
s lowly closed about him. He could tight no lot.ger. He must surrender to the will of the destroyer.
He gasped "I'm going-off!"
And the woman by his side shook her tired head and mumbled:
"Thank God.'·,
All night, she had remained near him, wa)ting for the end.
The woman had known him when he had been in the prime of life--strong, healthy. She had
seen him fall victim to the disease of the poor, she had seen him grow paler and paler, thinner and
thinn e r, weaker and weaker; she had seen him decay slowly-and now, she was waiting for the last
chapter-praying that it would come soon.
And, she was glad; she thanked God for His mercy. She wanted him to die--she felt it would
be for the best- for himself, for his wife, for the world.
''I'm going-"
"Good-by," she said, her eyes undimmed. "I wish it was me that was goin'-God knows, I wish
it was me."
"T-the priest-h-e--"
"He was here at midnight-he can't come again-'' and under her breath she said, "Good God,
striKe him quick ."
She wanted him to go-she felt it was good that he should die. Her lot would be easier-no
medicine--no more of the thousand worries. She didn't regret all her sacrifices for him, but she
wanted them to end. She had suffered long enough. He had suffered too long.
And when she heard the death rattle, she mumbled:
"Thank God, he's at the end."
He died. She calmly took a sheet and covered his head. And on the sheet she placed a cross.
She then kneeled before the bed and prayed. Her prayer was one c;>f thanks.
.
She was glad he d i ed !
A scream!
She rose to her feet and listened.
Another scream!
It came from across the hall. She>'· k new what that scream meant. \Vitb a glance at the covered form, she turned and walked from the room. A few seconds later, she stood at the side of
another bed, on which lay a moan ing woman, soon to become a mother. From the room of the
dead to the . bed of the life-giver was but a walk across the hall.
'
She knew what was required of her. Her tiredness fell from her, and soon she became feverish
. a·s she hurriedly served the woman.
·
And as she labored at the side of the bed, she thought. Her heart felt pity for this poor, sufferIng woman- a widow of but a few mouths, alone, helpless, poverty-stnlcken. She raised her hands
and cried:
"0 God! Why did you send her a baby?'
T he Seeing Hands-
* *
·*
E \VAS a creator of th beautiful. \\ ith a chisel and a hammer, he composed wonderful poems
and symphonilo'S in stone. His bands burned with the divine tire of genius; they gave exJlression to a soul that looked on beauty as the God of the universe.
His hands took rough stone and breathed life into tt. All his life, he had been sending
forth creations that inspired a \\:orld hungry for a r t. But, something in him c raved for the masterpiece- the artist in him wished for the Great Climax.
�Th e Westecn Comr a de
163
~================================================~
By. EMANUEL JULIUS
He hoped for what, so far, had been unexpressed-the Great Climax.
He knew not Its form; his Imagination could. not picture detail. It was somethlng beautifulthat wa!! all he knew.
" I shall take my chisel," he said, "and let it go its course. I shall give my heart and my soul
to my hands and let them make what they will. When my work Is bnded, I shall see what the
Great Climax Is."
He He.t things In readiness. He decided to forget everything but the Great Climax and give yeara,
If need be, to Its birth.
When he dellver·ed his first blow, the studio become dark; light became night; he could nc;>t see.
His eyes were no mor.e. He was blind!
The world mourned. His friends wept.
"Art has lost much," they sighed.
The artist was the only one who smiled.
"\\'hat need have I for eyes?" he asked. "My eyes cann.ot see · what my soul Is struggling to
ex press through my hands. I shall create the Great Climax-the beautiful masterpiece-"
His friends feared his affliction had a!Iected his mind.
"My eyes have already seen all that is beautiful-the. glorious sunrise, the immense mountains,
the inughlng chlldren. They have seen all-they need serve me no more. My soul feels and my
bandH shnll express. My hands see."
He returned to his studio.
The months passed. Years drifted into eternity. The artist became gray and old. But the fire
In his soul was at white beat; and his hands worked tirelessly.
At last, he felt the soul In him become calm. His hands seemed to see no more.
"The Gr·eat llmax is here," he announced. "My masterpiece of beauty is born."
And th n, he asked:
"What have I made?"
And hls friend answered:
"You have made the most beautiful thing iu creation-a woman!"
His Answer-
* * *
J.J SENT her a message, and she answered :
·
"Can the Sun love the Stormcloud? Can the Thrush Jove the Eagle? Can the Flower
love the Desert? Can the Poor love the Tyrant? Ah, I Uve in the gloomy C!ive-you sing on
the mountain Peak-we can never love!"
And he answered:
"Love ~onquers 11. The Sun is the mother of the Stormcloucl And the Stormcloud lets the
l<'Iower make a Paradise of the Desert.. Love softens the claws of the Eagle and tbe heart of the
Tyrant and gives tbe Paradise to tbe Poor. Love pours Jigbt into tbe .gloomy Cave and makes all
thhlgs I?;OOd.''
She walked trom tbe gloom.y Cave :and climbed to tbe mountain Peak. Two vol~s now sing
to the glory o'f the Dawn.
The Conqueror peak '--'
* * *
AM IRing <ot 'Time, Ma 'ter o'f eatb, !Father of Life~ With a scythe in my hands, il walik
in a 't~>orld as Hn1itless as pace, for 1 ':am King of Time. m watched 1Jhe .soldiers of &me
go forth 'to o®quer all tba't. il1ves. [ saw ttbe soldlers of laome tall iby the Toadside. They
.ave roo more. ll saw lt.'he Gl'eeks build a te:m:ple under the :sofrt., iblue :a:ky. [ saw the f;lorJous
cohrm'lls ~~clh ~lP lfor ijmm~ta!lity-and ii rgaY at rt..o tll.em. .f1or I ,g'l~ .eter.na4 !He -e~y t-o tb:e bea-u'iJfut '[lhe '<'Onquerors bca-ve IWifbered rt nto motlhdT\gmess. The masters of men h'8.1'e -gone to dust.
'11'he grea't have 1fall1en be't'ore an e. IF1or 1, KiD.g of mime, give :tnunort:a:licy onlY to thlng.J~ of beauty.
·
I
Ob, OhildNm of Time, if you \Wo11.1d ijlv.e for.eve:r, 'build a temple or 'Bing
A
son,g!
�,
The Wester .n Comrade
,.....IF.r==~il.N AWAKENEIJ woman}lood, an organized'
womanhood, a militant womanhood! • A
womanhood tingling with life, ardent
with 1•urvose, uplifted uy a new vision
or ilK own destiny; drawn by a new
Ideal, and sblldlffed uy a new perception
or Its own power. That Is the womanhood of this century.
·
Tha snn'raglsts have
lll;i;:.~r=~~ vole •d It most clearly
•
- thiH new dream of
WOIIlilll, 1 hl H IIPW runetlon which she
IH 1'1111111111~ UK h .,. own . "Beho ld,"
!111•y lll't• t~ uyluJ(, 111 subl!tnnce, •:"this
IV(JI' (d 01' OIII' H, ll'fth all the wrong in
lt. nn!l nil 1h<• Wl'<'lt:lu iln<>HII in It, yet
wHh ull lt H JtOIIH ihllitii!H fot· happlnc•ss
IIIII( fill' 111'11111 ~· Il l HI \\'!• hU \'C lic•vcr
YIIL IIIII 0111' hulld ~ to Its IJUIJdlnl-(,
III'VI'I' Yld 1-((1'1'11 0111'
llllntiH to th
(lllllllilll).(
vigilance to see that· it is enforced.
uch e.lforts
these, with th~ir inevitable reslllts, wiU not long ptO\'
satisfying to her, with her growing con lou n s of
power and her faith ln the far-reaching effects of the
new acti\-itles. She will sooner or later realize that
tbe results she truly deslre were nothing short of r volutionary, but she has not considered a revolutionary
program for their attainment.
o('
II. 111'\' 1'1' ypl ll<!l. Olll'
fl!'l'l'l•t•llng ol' It! Child hood IH l'ohht·tl of plnyllmc, youth of
t•llilt'lllion , \\'Oil!allhOod of liOIIOI'. Had
Wt• n fllll' l In t ht• mnklng ul' the world,
hiHI 11 , . n purl. 11ow In th governing
It, \\'t• II 011 111 IIOl HillY I' NU •b things
t n hi', \\'11 do nut 111111 tho world ns
It I H tu IIIII' lilting. \\'(' s C' It undPI'·
llf l lll'l ~ Oil th~·
ur
~otulnl( t'nll~llwt
chnng(', rort•v I' grow-
Into unothN,
with thP chnnglng id 1\S
Itt)( uut or olll' c•nndltlon
111
llt'<'UI'tlttll!'l'
or mNt, 1111!1 now wo too would have a
In tld ll t'm~hlonlug or th world.''
'l'hnt IH lt. \\'omnn hn!! seen h<•r-
ltl\t' t
l!l•lr nt lmu
1111
n sodnl cr ator.
This·
IR lht• IIi'\\' ,.l,. lnn which Is Inspiring
hor 111 ~· m· hl - twt 1\·ttr. this I the int'Nllln• whlt'lt 111 lnqt>llng het· to_ atJ-
tm't' fm• h •rat•lf tllllt' l' In thl' ll:O\' runwnt or tho ,,. rid.
• ~lw Jllll't'ost-ll t
mnkl' or thl
W rid
llhtt•t> of bN\uty; Of clean 1111d
m'dN·t~· t•ltlf.', ; n tllll t• where t'hildhot~~l
~ ·h I'(
will h\:0 , ttfl.' ft• m e:-:t)joitatlon; ,
moth t•ltood wlll bt' sec:ur
wlthln thi.' home :
world fore\· r
""''' II
f1
M RIO
LOUISE ISRAEL,. Correspo
Li~e
·n
ent. State Womap•f: Com,..ittu
Aln!aiiY tile labor moTement
~rlk
ilft'tr as the
c:-ll"t'ator of a ue.- .-orld-a splem~did slate clblal is to be-
n sees the iadD-cuial d~ or the ruuarfJ!--tbe .,.,_
ire of it- OWIII heart. the ftJDrepltiou of its 0\lniB braiD.
$i!C:1mt!!S
a
the c:-Jreatioo of ils o.-.
on. The- labor 11111f"'emE:IIilt
of tDda..T beaJrs; YiiiiDiD. illrelt the flllltOP'e Sfa4i. u a
llll8daer anies hEr dliiW IIAieeatb liar ieftan. AM u e
lliiiOlBaer ns~~~~S aiDd ~ of tlDif' rrmue or IM:r drild.
IIJDr laliolr l!!llllln'EIIl!llemiU ti dnamaiq:: ~ ·'\'lllblalll t!B:U
ue
�T h e We s tern C_o m r a de
state will be. It Is coming to look upon this civilization of ours as so much plastic material, which It will
shape to suit Its will. Already It is seizing upon the
present, out of it to create a fairer future. The dreams
of Lati'Or are larger and more daring than the dreams .
woman!
.
Here is no conflict of Ideals, no differentiation or
purpose. Human activities are of two kinds, predatory and industrial. The savage man who lived by
hunting and fishing was a predatory creature. So was
the savage warrior. But the primitive woman was
engaged purely in Industrial activities-caring for the
sick and aged of her tribe, carrying on a rude agriculture, making baskets and earthern utensils, cooking
the game which the hunters brought home-feeding and
nursing and _ministering to her people. The performance of such duties brought no glory to the to1Jer, a s
to the hunte r or wart'ior; rather whatever compensation she derived from her labor must lie in seeing her
people comfortable and well cared for. The most significant dil'fere nce between the life of the primitive
man and the Jlrimitive woman, the e.ffects·or which have
jlersisted 'to this day, is this: be came in contract with
his fellows as creatures to be outstripped in the race,
to be o1·erpowered in combat. or to be s,lain In battle;
she came in con tact with people as creatures to be fed,
to he warmed. to be clothed, to be nursed, and to be
sen ·ed.
Through all the long ye~rs from that day io this,
ot
WO!!!_an's acti~es have been mainly Industrial-servIng people and supplying their needs. It thi!n she ls
more humane than man, . this is why; If she is more.
concerned with the supplYing of a people's needs than
wfth the profits to be made therefrom, this is ~by; 1t
~she Is more Inclined to collective rather than bi.dlvid:.
ual action, this Is why.
A long process of eltminatlon, however, · bas been
going on through the centuries-the elimination of the
predatory instincts in humanity. Originally the workIng class was composed of the women, with a few aged
·men; to these there was added at first slave labor, confining great numbers of men to Industrial activities;
feudalism and capitalism have swelle!f this army, until
today only a limited number of men are able
indulge
in predatory occupations. The effect of this conlinement to Industrial activities is the same upon one human being as another; women can no longer claim as
distinctively theirs the passion for human service, nor
the conception of industry for the sake of satisfaction
rather than profit.
.
Here then Is the field of woman as a social creatorto color the visions qf Labor with her own Idealism, to
enter into all its planning and all 'its working-to be
a part of it. In this way will she truly and effectually
shape and mould the future state; in this way will she
do more thp.n amend a law here and there, secure this
amelioration, institute that change; In this way only
will her work be fundamental and enduring.
to
Two Bills of Fare
r=====~
NE of the worst features of the present
high cost of living is that It is forcing
down the standard of living of the people. Worse still it is defending lower
'
standards. So we see apologists for the
~system advis-ing all sorts of crippling
·
·
economies-economies that not only
cripple the spirit, but will if followed
cut down the physical and the moral
fibre of the race.
One of the most pemicious of these
Is a recently written r eport by Mrs. \VInnifred Harper
Cooley, National President of the Associated Clubs of
Domestic Science, and published \\:ldely ......... This lady
hpldly l.Jegins by offering her experiences as a model
for working girls- and for working men, too, and then
tells how she li ved on nine c~nts a. day for a whole week.
She gives her Jist of provisions for the week:
1 -3 (12-lh. basket (S) potatoes .............. $ .05
1 mess spinach .......................................... .05
I loaf whole wheat bread ....... :................ .10
Cocoa (1 -:;- Jb. can) .................................... .10
Raked Beans ...... .......................................... .10
1-2 package natural rice ........................ .06
1-o Jh. oleomargerine .............................. .05
3 l.Jauanas .......... ........................................... .05
1 -3 lu. sugar ............. ................................ .02
1 rgg ................. .................. ................. : .03
apple .......................................................... .02
Q
Total for food for 1 week. ................. $ .63
::-:otice there is no meat and no substitute for meat;
there is neither cheese. butter, nor milk, and hardly anything of fresh vegetables or. fruits. lt is in brief a diet
that any fair-minded person with a knowledge of food
values would unhesitatingly condemn.
·
165
By . Agnes
Downing
Out of this she recommends two meals a day with
such a menu as the following: Tuesday: Breakfast:_
nothing ; lunch-whole wheat bread, cocoa; dinnerone-half mess spinach, 2 potatoes, banana.
True, there is such a vice as over-eating and to one
who is addicted to such. a habit the foregoing diet for
a short period of time, or for that matter an entire fast,
might l.Je a positive benefit. But to offer this as a plan
for working people to follow for a regular routine is
little short of a criminal suggestion. Any reputable
doctor or food specialist and the experience of the race
itself regardless of special knowledge on the subject,
say that there is loss of strength, and. physical d~billty
follows with insufficient food, especially it the person
be working. Mrs. Cooley even says : "Incidentally, I
lost ten pounds of superflous flesh in one week." How
about the spare built workers, ·most of whom do not
have ten pounds of superflous flesh? They would lose
their vital strength and energy,
The report of the Chicago Vice Commission says on.,
page 200: "Laxity of moral fibre follows mental degeneracy and criminal acts."
But it appears that the lackeys of big business care
little for the results ~f only they can get their checks
for writi.ng some plausible reason for "contentment or
tile mass s"; and what better than a program for Jiving
on nine cents a day.
The scheme Is Impossible, of course. 1f adopted it
would be destructive not alone of its followers but of
our whole scheme of industrial society. ·what would
become of production if people consumed only nine cents
worth a day?
And have we not the classic example of China with
its [Jeople of few wants? They also have few po_wers.
Proof that they who-offer this are accepting no such
(Continued on page E7.)
�166
The Western Comrade
Labor Conditions, Past and Present
By Fred C.
Wheele~,
Socialist Councilman, Los Angeles ·.
I'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I T has· been my good fortune to be with
the lalJor movement of the great South
almost since its inception.
I have
watched It make remarkable progress.
The changes that have been brought
·alJOut are indeed interesting to note.
•
In AJ>ril. 1887, in St. Augustine, Florida, we were tolling ten hours a day tor
•
$2.50 per day. An agitator came along
!lnd s uggested th?-t we organize a union,
which was done. The president and
secrPtary of the new union were discharged from their
employment, but within a few --weeks we secured the
nine hours and an increase of twenty -five cents a day.
IJI twenty -six. years' ex pe rience I have never known it
to fail that where a recluf'tion of hours took place, the
mep n•rf'i\'(•d a corresponding increase in wages. The
history of th f' Pight-hour fight shows that, as a rule,
c>lght -hour towns pay iJII pe r eent more than t en-hour
placPH.
·
In thf' South they Raid: "It is no use to try to or~nnize here ; we ean not do anything on account of the
ni~g('r s."
"\'ery well. then we will organize them."
This ha s been done to a considerable extent and with
good results. Coming to San Diego In 1887, the union
mPn WC'I'e receiving $4.00 for nine hours, while the nonunion men we re working ten hours for $3.50. In San
l•'rancl sco In 1891 we fought for the eight-hour day
and were s uccessful. The usual increase in wages followed. In 1893, Pasadena and Los Angeles Carpenters
were victorious In their eight-hour fight. I was president of the Pasadena union at the time and walked the
streets with the rest for several months.
In 1894 the eight-hour convention was held in San
Francisco. I was elected president of that body which
in its activities was Instrumental In much good for the
mo"ement. In 1903- 04 I acted as organizer for the
American l~ederatlon of Labor aiid the State Federation.
During that time I organized over sixty unions and added
over 21,000 members to the State organization. During
this time the big strike In the beet fields at Oxnard occurred. About nine hundred Japs and six hundred MexIcans were being made slaves of by the. Western Agricultural Company. The men organized two unions,
which were governed by a joint board of directors. The
fight las ted about two months aud ende!} in a complete
victory for the men. It was one of the most complete
organizations ever ·seen. Not a Jap in the State came to
the valley after being notified of the trouble. Several
carloads or Mexicans were sent in, but we captured
th em as soon as they arrived.
While organizing In the lumber camps of the north,
I found that the pathway of nn organizer was not one
that was strewn with roses. In some out-of-the- way
place, the com11any mill was situated. They generally
owned llle railroad entering th e place. They owned
everything in sight, including the constable "and his
brindle bull ' dog. An organizer was not a popular personage with the lumber kings. At Truckee I worked
so quietly that the employers did not discover me until
se\'eral hundred men had joined the union. They were
threateued with discharge, but through a friend, certain
evld~:"nce was obtained that would convict the mill owners of practices that would land them behind ·prison
\\'ails. They were politely told that if a single man was
· •I
discharged for joining the union, that this evidence
would be used. The men were not discharged. ln many
places various roles were assumed in order to work
without serious hindrance. In one place I was threatened with arrest for trespassing. Having seen several
violations of the law, I retired as gracefully as possible,
but told the hostile employer that on my return we
· would come with the sheriff with warrants for their
arrest. My arrest did not follow.
The career of an organizer Is not an easy one. After
a fight was won, it was often necessary to fight in order
to keep what we had won. In Los Angeles, the big
fights put up by the brewery workmen, the iron workers and the machinists, aroused the oppositian. Injunltions were Issued against 1300 men. The anti-picket
Jaw caused four hundred men to be jailed. Free speech
was a dead letter. The unions, as such, were almost
helplees. Political action was discuss d. The unions
sent delegates to a Union Labor Political Club. A pla.tform was adopted. Then ensued one of the most remarkable occurrences m American labor history. Over
100 unions endorsed the Socialist Party ticket and donated large sums of money to help elect the tickEt.
Then came t he Times explosion. Instead of weakening
the movement, it was strengthened. About two weeks
after this, a parade of nearly 20,000 men and women
marched the streets in dead silence. J. Stitt Wilson,
Socialist candidate for governor, addressed them in a
park.
Later on, Job Harriman was nominated for Mayor.
Forty meetings a day were frequently held. Victory ·
seemed assured. Then came the McNamara c.onfession.
Harriman received over 51,000 votes. While we were
defeated, yet we gained a great victory. Organized
Labor had taken political action. The result was that
both the ·socialists and the unions about doubled in
membership and set In motion a movement that has
commanded the attention of the whole country. My
twenty-six years as an active member of Organized
Labor has taught me the immense value of collective
bargaining. We have secured more genuine results
in the past thirty years than In the five hundred preceding years. Yet something was lacking. We can
organize, strike and fight, but when we leave in the
hands of the other 'side the most powerful of all weapons, viz., the law-making power, We can never hope to
rise above a certain level. Union in trade matters and
political unity with a working class party which aims to
give the worker the full social value of his toll, Is to
my 'mind the only sane method of procedure. The Socialist Party is distinc~ly the party of the working
class. It Is the only political party that gives them
assistance when the workers are giving battle to the
common enemy. Industi'ially organized, the great captains of industry do not greatly fear us, but when we
organize on the industrial field, and act together on
the political field, we beeome a power that nothing can
stop. We will command the respect of the other side
just in proportion as we show political strengl-h. A
poll of 250,000 in a state election would mean as much
as twenty-five years of union labor. It will cost but
little, why not try it?
" A fool in revolt is infinitely wiser than a learned
philosopher apologizing for his chains."-Kossuth.
�The Western Comra_)Je
T ls t'l'allv refreshing these days to have
the months roll around and the current
magazines put in an appearance. The
dtangPd outlook on social and industrial quest ions as 'n•ll as th r faet that leading magazines
nr·<· giving- it pine<~ i_s encouraging and significant.
BriPf ex<·<·r·pts of matter of the character indi~·;tl 1•d from the J 11ly magazines follow.
HS. IL\ YELOCK ELLIS Jiseussiug "the
Philosoph~· of Ilappirwss' ' iu Tilt· Forum
sa~·s:
'' Th<•r·e is a sor-t of uneasin ess
~·t'l'<·ping- nl'l't' s()(·iety, the un easiness w.hieh
c·ornPs upon a tllllll in shabby cloth l'S, the
llllPHSllll'SS whi1•h !'OIIil'S 0\'PI' a \\'OIIlall in
hadl.v c·ut Olll'S. Tlw solidar·it y of the workers
arul tl](' solidat·it? of women is suggesti\'(~ . The
happinpss of t h1' many is It ow becoming the im(H·rnt in• d!'tnaud. The day is not only coming, but
;s actually hl·t·e, when to li ve in luxury while one
hurnau er·Patur·r lacks either bread or joy can only
he enH·ifixion to the spiritual man or woman. To
hl' a millionaire will soon be more pitiable than
to he a leper·, because it implies- extortion, the .
swent of brothers for mean .ends, and the g lutting
of on e at th e expense of many. The seeker for
happiness soon finds out the impossibility of real
joy on t h<' l incs of monopoli.es in any shape or
form."
.J I~TT lu\ UCK declares in closin g an interestiug contribution to Th e North AmrrJean Rpvi<'w on "The American Wage
· Et~rner :' '
·
'"l'IH' pt•t•sPnt situation is also dC\·eloping so" inl and politil'nl dangers which demand imrnediatP Hetiort. Tht• hopelessness of the wagr-car-net·
11ndcr· rxistiJtg conditi~ns leads him to r·ecei,·e
r·nd ieal t rneh ings ,\'it h increasing eagerness and
to follow hli~tdly the rc,·olutionar·y progr·arns of
O\'Ct'·ZNilous politieal, social and economic pr·opagandist.. Th<> rrmarkahlc spread of Socialism ifl
all its forms, th e rxtraordinary growth of such
Hrt-Alll t'r·i<·alt orgnnizat ion
ns the Industrial
\\'ork1•rs of t lw '\Yorl<l, together with the r ecent
str·ike iu Lawrenrc, Mas. achusett
Pat erson,
Np"· J l.'r <'Y, nnrl other industrial communities, ~re ·
hut an · parnPst of what may he expect cQ. in 'the
lo7
future unless some attempt is made to improve
existirig industrial conditions. Not only the economic welfare of the American wage earner but
the Inaintenance of our political and social institutions are threatened. ''
I
N EDITORIAL also in The Forum says:
''The first r port of the _B ureau of ocial Hygiene, the organization of which
John D. Rockefell er, Jr., is chairman, contains,
among oth ers, the follo·wing intere ting statemen ts:
"l\f anhattan alone supports 15,000 prostitute .
" There are 160G vice. resorts of all grades in.
tho borough.
"There are more than 300 'massage parlors"
in which not the slightest effort is made to cloak
the immoral nature of the real 'business' conducted.
"Thirty of the most tawdry resorts operated
as a combine earn in the aggregate at least $2,000,000 annually.
''Twenty-seven such vice resorts were located
in tenements, where, all told, some 500 children
under sixteen years of age were playing about the
halls.
"The comforting doctrine of 'outward decency' is once more completely vindicated; and
the children of the tenements, brought up in such
wholesome surroundings, will illustrate i~ later
life the advantages of an ·admirable environment.''
~
N THE Atlantic Monthly Ellen Key in
her "Education for Motherhood," declare : "A society which sharply restricts inheritances, but . protects the right
of all children to the full development of
th eir pow •rs; which demands labor, of all
its members, but allows its women to choose
hctwecn motherhood and outside work; a society
in which attempts to li ve without work will be
d eal~ with in the same manner as forgery-such 'a society is coming. But without such radical
social transformation., a renaissance of family
life is not even conceivable. And it is likely to
become actual wh en the changing order of Pconomic and religion combine fo1·ces."
�168
The Western Comrade
)
THAT INSIDIOUS I~OBBY
VEI~Y person at all conversant with public
nfl'uir·s during the past quarter of a cen.
I trr·y has known that the big interests
.
whPthc•r in 1 hr National ('ongr·ess or in state legislRttrr·rs ha\'r Jllaintaincd a lohhy for the purpose
of irdlltc'JIC'ing lc•gislation.
Lnhor, too, has had its ,lohhy for the same
JHII'JHIS(', IJIOV('cl I hl'I'I'(O hy srlf-dcfcnse.
Jt has
nil '"'I'll a pai'I of that clas~ str·uggle arising in
industr·y thr·oul-(h tl.H• division of the product.
Thc• f'111·t has lwc·n i(('ncr·nlly rccogniz<>d and
nc·c·t>fi!Pd. hy the p(•Opll' a11<l they' ha\'c known that
'most of t IH• lt>gislation ('llfldc>d was secured
'
t hr·otq.rh
somr kind of undue• infhwnc:e hrought to
l11•nr· ttpon St·nators, CnngTcssrn('JI or legislator·s.
Jn t't>t·••nt yrHr·s, howc•vrr, it has been the
polic·y of Hig BltSilli'SS to IH· r·epr·c·sc•nted in official
posit io11 ''-" its ow11 mnguates instead of by its
cr·t·llttll't•s t·host·n gc•nPral ly fr·om the parasite class.
A fpw months ago when President \Vilson
l'hllt'~('d that hral{(•s \\'f'J'c being applied to the
wht>t>ls of lq!islnt iou hy n p<>rnicious ongrcssional lohh~·. the sainted St>nator·s and Congi·essnwn r·nist•d their· hands in holy honor, assumed
thr r·oll' or mar·tyrs and · dl:'manded flll investiga1ion of I hr Pr·esiclentinl charge.
'I' Itt' 1'<111111 r·y 's eit izrnship expcricnecd a feelill go t·nntposPtl of our part o.f hilarity to another
pm·t ol' c·tHII<'mpt at such mnnifrstation of nxiolllnf ic· hypol'l'is~- on 1hr pnt·t of their statesIll I'll.
TltP inv<-. ti~rntion was ordered and is till in
pro~r·pss.
'l'hl' heet su~nr lohhy the !Jamar imhro~lio. null 110\\' 'olmwl Mulhall and the Po t,
Kir·h~· .Jr-. nnd ColouPl Pope ~fanufacturers' A.ssoPintioll hnn' hrf'n the mO\·ie thrown upon the
( 'on~t·t·ssinlln 1 l'r'P!'II. ']'he dc,·elopment thu
fnr hnn' .·urpri f'd no one a. all ha\'e b en in the
tlir·t•t·l i1111 of furni. hing c·mrrrele proof of general
f:wts lwfon' known.
.
ln lht' f~~t'l' of tht'. I' proY n fact a recent
:-;tntl'mt•ttl of Pr·f':idrnt \Yil. on· would eem to be
\\'!'II ~r·ourulrd in tart. In the ln. t in tallment of
his ":\l'W l<'r·eetlom" th!' Pre,ident declared::
"''Don't ' deceive your elf for a moment as to the
power of the great intere ts which now dominate
our development. They are so great it is almost
an open .question whether the Government of the
·United States can dominate them or not."
The President is wrong. It is not an open
question-save to defenders o~ the present economic system. ocialists alone have the progt·am
by which these "great interests" can he dominated.
·~
... ... ...
A NEW SONG WANTE:O
as well as to the men and w
school days long since
miliar liues run:
'' \Yith fingers weary and wom,
\ Vith eyelids, heavy and red,
A woman sat, in unwomanly rags,
Plying her needle and threadStitch ! Stitch !
titch !
In poverty, hunger and dirt;
Aud still with a ,-oice of dolorous pitch
She sang the 'Song of the Shirt:'
'' 'Woi·k-worl,-work!
l\Ty labor· never flags;
.And what are its wage.? A hrd of .·tr·Rw
A cru t of hr·ead-and rags, ·
That shattered roof-and this nakf'd floorA table--a hroken ehair:And a wall o hlank my shadow I than]>
For ometimes falling there.' '
".hile thi " ong of the hirt" is still an ap~
propriate one for the weat hops of tht• larger
eitie , yet in the main the eYolution in indu. h·y
has rendered it inappropriate for modern shirtmaking.
aid one of the newspapers recently : ".\ social reformer lately Yisited a hirt fa (·tor~·. ancl
the foreman tarted a piece of cloth on th~ rounds
�T_be Western Comrade
169
and made it come <Jut a fini bed shirt in j
ix
and one-half minutes..,. One machine made 16, 00
htJttonholes in a day, or twenty-eight in a minute.
In ten Jwurs in this shop a m&.n can cut 250 dozen
•Jr 3000 shirts. · Just seven girls worked on the
shir·t. A 11 the mod rn contrivances now conspire
against l1and labor."
While a 11cw· poet is needed to sing '"rhe ong
or the ~[odet·n Hhirt," it is not a machine poet.
'f'hf't·r! Hlill rrnuduH u Hong in modern shirtmaking
r'ol' the poet who huH rye to sec and ea t· to hear .
NO
...
•MORE• VENUSES
I
.on for an instant dole of
an
~
• e-eertain of
l!o
nt men in a
�170
The Western Comrade
THE CHUltCH IS ASLEEP
.\ST wcPk there were thousands of dele. gates from all O\'er the nation in Los
Angrles in attendance at the national con\'L'ut ion of the Society for Ctu·istian Endeavor.
A wt•t•k o1· mot·c was dcYoted to the program
marlH•d out, y<:t not in the entire p1·ogram was
tiH•I't· nrol't• t hmi passin ~ · rder·ence to social
and indnst ri<ll coudit ions. · The newspapers report t·d a tliseussion of 1he ~white s laYe traffic in
whit·h it was t·t.>ntrnclt><.l that this enormous evil
~lt•adil,\' ).!rowinl( was du e fo1· the mast part to
tliOI'IIl \\'t•akllt·ss on tIr e pn1·t of mc11 and women.
And this i11 faec of the fact that every public
or prinrlt> inn·st i~alion from .John D. Rock.cfcller
.J 1·. 's pri nrt t· t•om rll ission to 1hose carried on by
tlrt• J .. t.rislallll't•s of Jlliuois and ~lissouri have re-·
por·t,•d that Hll iHsuffieicHt wage is for the most
part llrt• prolifit· eausc of this hor'l'ible social
St•Olll'g't'.
In n not he1· coast city- Seattle-during the
samt• \\'Pt·k, HP\'. A . .'J. l\feKrlway, secretary for the
:-iouthr1·n slnlt>s of the National .hild Labor Assoeiat io11, in pl'l•aehiHg the annual sermon to the
t·onft'l't•nt·l! ehar~ed the church )Vith being slothful
Hnd the ministers with indol ence in not inve tigatin~ iudustt·ial ·auditions. , ociety hn the right
to t'X(H'd that the church . shall be the ethical
~wout in all matters pertaining to social welfare
antl lrHman p1·ogrc.. , was the asertion of this
111 in is I!•!'.
l ust I' ad of considering the e questions the
('hrist ian Endenvorers wcr' content
listen to
1h1• diatribe· and shuw of Billy Sunday. How
lonl!, oh Lonl , how long!
. . -·
to
WHAT A BLUSH IS
l"HS i~ an nga of analysis. Tb h~nd of man
1s hml ruthlC'S ly upon the finer feelings
all(! emotions of th human h eart regardl1•s: of ~wntim ent, and tht'. c arc uhjected a far
ns mny he to 1·igid sciPn1 ific unaly i .
l t \\'PI'C ha<~ t'nough to analyze the bloom 6f a
Jli'H!'h o1· the delieatc coloring of a pear but wh n
it t·nnu•s to I he> pink of n hahy' cheek~, the deli-
cate mingling of pink and r din a maid n ' blu h,
the indescribabl but gloriously b auti1\1l . olor
with. which the .love of her ojf pring tints the face
of a Jil.Other, it seems little short of sacrilege to
lay· bare with the surgeon's knife· and calpel, or
tra·ce in scientific terms the minutiae of the modus
operandi by which these are produced.
Yet h er e is the scientific definition of a blu h:
"The capillaries or small blood ves el that
connect the· arteries and veins in the body, form
particularly over the cheeks, a network o fine
that it is necessary to employ a micro cope to· distinguish them. Ordinarily .the blood pas ·e through
these vessels in normal volumes, leavm'g only tli
natural complexion. But .w hen some sudden emotion takes po session of the heart, it. action incr eases and an electric thrill instantly leaps to
the cheeks. 'rhis thrill is nothing mor than the
rush of blood through the invisible capillaries; the
color is nothing more than the blood just beneath ..
the delicate surface of the ·skin."
lt is thing like these which make one long for
a r eturn to the days when the smile of a sleeping
babe was regarded as it answering smile to the
smiles of the angels which guarded its sleeping;
when the blush on a maiden's cheek was thought
to be a r eflection from the face of the goddess of
innocence, the guardian angel of maidenhood;
when the soft, holy radiance in a mother's face
was said to be an expres ion of that divinity which
wa ever the accompaniment of motherhood.
• • •
GOLDEN RULE IN PRACTICE
EADER of Low ll 's poem will recall how
when ir Launfal set out on his pilarimagc
he cornfully flung his alms to the b agar
a-t the gate and bow upon l1is r turn he
carne fe ling that alm are of no avail to the giver
aYe wh en prompted by ·a d ep sense of fellow·hip and equality with )liin to whom they arc
ginn.
If the giv r would be quite willing to exchange pia ~ with the rec~pi.ent should circumtan e r quire, and ·if he would then he satiswith both the aid and the spirit in which 'it
were offered, 11e may rc t a surcd that in giYing
fiea
�his alms ot· r endering his sen·ice he is observing
the spirit as well as the letter of the Golden Rule.
To IH:cept the Golden Hul e as an ideal fo r regulating human conduct shoulu mean that whatsocYer ~· e would do for oth ers yc should he willing that othet·s should do for you .
Th ere arc far too mauy !::iir Launfals, r eady
to help at long ran g<' with eoma•ious ot· uncon'wious disda in : These lll't'd th e ex perience of the
1n ~· t h icH l het·o to disco\'cr that assistance is worthlt·ss and Hll charity a mockery which does not
~p rin g- from good will and ht·oth el'l iness. If the
posit ion tak en hy many r eiHt ive to. the unwot·thi- 1wss of those to whom they giYP th eir charities
'"' eo rt·t·t·l. what satisfaction C'an they tak r in
t It t' f.!ood thPy arc able to do ? How ean ·th e pride
11·hit·h cont ends that no one can accept chat·ity
a 11d pt'l'SCI'\'e sclf-t·cspcct dream of accomplishing
!!ood in its charities 1
Tht' spit·it which fosters such a pride is the
sa tiJ (> spirit whi ch places a few fa,·ored ones of
t·:t rt h 011 a pedestal while r egarding a large part
nf huma11ity as inferior, as made of a somewhat
difft>rcnt and an inferior quality of clay from th e
fa Yored ones of earth, so that to them may be
dnlt•d out bounty which these superior heings
ll'ould spurn. The Pharisees are not all dead, hut
it is tim e they were. It is time that snobbishness
sa w itself as it t·eally is arid tried to find the simple p att ern of democracy and equality. The Goldtm Hnle, if true at all, is as true r ead backward
as forward . \Yhatsoever of good you would do
fo r men be willing that they should do for you.
• • •
INTERF'ERING WITH
BU~INESS
ALIFORNIA now has m easures soon to hecome laws providing for an eight-hour day
fot· wom en; conserving the wat er po·wer· of
t he state to th e p·cople; giving workingmen compensa tion and accident insurnnce; .against renting property for purposes of prostitution and a
hlue sky law for corporations.
Undet· th e auspices of Big Business the r efer-.
f' ndum is being invok ed against these laws enactPel by the last legislature with the prob~bility
that non e of them can go into effeCt until after
t hey haYr hren passed upon by popular vote.
'' l" nwarranted interference with private bus-
iness' is the claim made by the interests _against
these laws. It is not urged that the e measures
are not in the interests of the p eople. The issue
th~n is between private and public lmsin s, between the people and the inter ests.
Legislation may re t on the principle of the
greatest good to the .greate t num lwr, so long a
t her e is no intel'ferenco with priYate business.
This is the issue today in city, tate and nation.
• • •
THE FEMALE OF THE SPECIES
AN is a sh·ange animal. l\lost men will dcehu·e t hat women a re n ervous: that ·they
co nstant ly worry over t rifl es; they are so
easily disturbed; are not philosophical. " If only·
;\f at·y would 'not he so easily disturbed hy her
daily affairs life would he so much easiet· for her,
fot· the childt·en and myself," has a familiar
sound, has it Not? Of cours( you haYc heard it
before; who has not ? "Mary is just a bundle of
nerves. I have never yet known that I had a
nerve in my body." 'fhese and kindred expressions one hears often f r·om the masculine hal f of
humanity.
But watch this strong, virile man who is notconscious of th e possession of ncrYes whPn l\fary
or one of the children is suddenly affl icted with
some trifling ailment. Watch his down-sitting
and his uprising until the doctor has hPen summoned and the case has been diagnosed. l\fary
is cheerful, calm and philosophical. .She, if it js
one of the child1·en who i's sick, goPs quietly ahout
her duties, applying simple r emedies and calming
the irritable child , her calm, even tones soothing
the excited ner,res of her h11shand. 'l'he philosophy of th e household is in th e car e and lt ceping
of the wife and moth er now.
What a hig bluffer ·a man is, anyhow Y He is
n either as brave, as wise nor· as practi c~tl as he
says he is-and he knows it. H e knows that in
all the serious troubles and trials of life his wife
is the rock under his feet, his place of refuge,
his shield and counsel. Yes, he knows it. (,But
·how f ew men even admit it to oth m· than th emselves !
�172
T h e W e s t e r -n C o m r a d e
By MILLA TUPPER MAY
A STRANGE CONGLOMERATE
The dnuna is a fad so absorbing nowadays that
alnrost anything will receive attention that Is turned out
in drama form . A new IJ)ay which Is receiving much
att~ntlon is so fantastic and unprecedented that one
wontlers at first If the authors are not making game of
a gullible and drama-mad pui.Jiic. "The Yellow .Jacket" is a creation which resembles
nothing heretofore seen in heave:n above or earth beneath . It was written by ·two min, George C. Hazelfon
and .r. Benrimo and pul11ished by Bobbs Merrill & Co.
Jt has lleen played successfully in New York and
rer·ently lq Los Angeles it was "bulletined" by the local
Drama League.
All the high-brow critics say it is quite tbe proper
th ing &o I have dutifully tried to find the. beauties and
the inlerPst it is said to possess and I have found them
without a doubt h1_1t I confess that on my own responsibility I shou ld hardly have dared to say it was worth
while.
lt. i~ a conglomerate based on Chinese ideas, and
methods. This would he quite understandable and deHirahle, but ins tead of taking the Chinese methods seri ously, they are turned into comedy. 'rhe Chinese
ha\'C better imaginations than we and instead of hav_
In!!: renlil'tic scenery with hors s brought on the stage
ami other thrilling marvels, they Jet a stick serve as a
horse and wh eels for a carriage. ln this play, however,
the property man who mani)Hilates the meager properties iH chief comedian and turns the proceedings into
fa1·ce. It is certainly funny ' to have the man who has
fallen dead ha\'e to wait to hurry the property man·
before he can lie down on the appropriatE! wooden pillow for the restful moment before he climbs the ladder
to hcn\·en, but It does not s em quite true to the Chinese
method.
I~Yei'Ywhere the child methods are · mingled with
d<)llborate co medy and Jines of exquisite sentiment are
voiced under farcical conditions. That It is enjoyable
Is undeniable and probably the authors knew that tbey
could not give us Ch inese atmosphere without giving
us at the same time the kind of humor \ve cou ld ap preciate. A unique feature o.f the play is a "chorus"a lone man who comes before the curtain to explalp
matt I'S nnd sitg In majestic dignity through a ll _scenes,
read y to expla in whatever is not inte111gible. He expr sses a paternal int rest in the actors and does not
allow them to appear In answer to applause lest It make
the m too complai ant. This is not Ch inese. lt is just
ltseir and a ltogether c111ii·ming. Certainly when such
a medley as this can find delighted appreciation,. no
one ne d fear to be original. ·
~
~
~
ANOTHER PEACE PLAY
"In the Vanguard," by Katrina. Trask , is a new play
Issued by The Macmillan Company. lt Is a direct, forceful arraignment of war as plain, unvarnished murder.
An atmosphet·e is pictured such as was found early In
the Spanish war In the most patriotic communities. A
romantic heroine will not encourage 'the--youn-g!Dan -wbo
loves her when he Is merely a successful young lawyer.
lt ls only when he gives up his fine prospects and en-
A RD
lists for t4e war that sbe admits her love for him and
enters ardently into the martial preparations o! the
communi-ty.
The expected promotions and heroism are rapidly
coming to the hero when he begins to see war as It
"TSO."
A Dainty Character in "The
Y~llow
Jacket."
really is, demoralizing ·between battles and brutal
s laughter during the -actual fighting. He comes upon
a dying man from the enemy's ranks after -an e ngagement. This man has with his dying eyes begun to
seel)lnd to think straight. He sho\vs this friend from
the enemy's camp how absurd it is that having torn
him to pieces. he should now try to be humane and
try l~make him. comfortable. After it has appeared
that both thought they were fighting for a P}'inciple,
the wounded man says: "There you go. Don't you see
we can't both be right-we can't both be working fo r
a true principle-It's tommyrot. You kill me tor
righteousness and I klll you for righteousness-don 't
you see 'it's "Silly? Don't you see that the only thl:ng
which might justify Jl\Urder, becomes Its condemnation?
If you and I each honestly thought we were morally
�173
The Western
By ELEANOR .WENTW
. O RTH
. Oh, Free Human Heart, wherever you may be! I
to you.
I am the Spfrit of Independent Womanhood, sorely ·
;:rieved and utterly lonely.
Far and wide I traverse the Earth, searching for
tellowsbip; 'down broad boulevards of great cities and .
throUgh murky, narrow alleys; in the happy sunlight or
midday and in the foreboding silence of midnight; over
~ nowy heights and boundless plains; along sandy, wlnd~ wept beaches and by firesides blessed with laughing children. And always I am lonely-utterly lonely.
Though I knock alike at the doors of the miserable
and the merry; the farmer and the factory hand; the
merchant and the mendicant; though I call alike to old
women and young women, to plutocracy and poverty,
it is seldom that I am heard. Som~times a woman or
a man faintly hears my summons and opens the door,
only to gaze about with vague, unseeing eyes: Then
rarely, oh so rarely, my knock is beard by tense lisl('llers, the door is eagerly thrown open, I am seen and
wise hearts follow my bidding.
13ut for the most part, I am lonely- utterly lonely.
~ peak
*
*
*
Yet I have not a! ways been a Stranger at the Gates.
Li sten!
Once 1 was known and loved in this America from
the adobe pueblos of New Mexico to the wigwam villages of the Columbia. Ayft, even to the banks of the
mig!Jt .1' Yukon. Then my abode was with the Indian
women; the women who were brave, wise, and FREE,
!JI'cause they fed, clothed and sheltered their people.
In my lone wanderings recollections come to me of
that time.
Listen. my Comrade, wherever you are, and I will
tell you of those days. I had vlsionings of them but a
short hoUI' ngo.
· saw them weav"lng baskets with swUt, ingenious flngers;
saw rugs of amazing colors and pottery of artistic design with which their industry bad. enriched the tribe.
Looking again, 1 saw a .;roup or m-a.idens beading moccasins, humming songs the wbJJe. Others were nialdng
garments to pr6tect the warriors from wet and cold
when on the hunt. In the distance, echoing·tbrougb the
big timber, I heard the sound o.r axes and the music of
voices as the tribal mothers cut poles for new wigwams.
Everywhere were the evidences of wo~en's laborarduous labor, it is true, but not degrading because It
was not slave labor. It was joyous labor because it was
willing and creative.'
Later there was a council gathering at which sat
women as we11 as men. And I beard that the women
spoke firmly, wisely. They guarded the children \-i•ell.
They took 'precautions that there should be no poverty
in the tribe. None were more alert than they in demanding efficiency and honesty from those in the high
places. Masters of their own time and labor, except
for the ruling of an unconquered Nature, these women
guided the tribe with h.a nd and rn:fn"d, protecting the liberties of each and all.
As I watched, the gloaming fell upon the wilderness
and camp fires sprang up here and there like glow
worms. Then from the depths of the forest, as t110ui;h
having awaited the signal or the firelight, carne the
carressing notes of a warrior's Jove song, drifting
through the leafy isles on the wings of the night
breezes. I remembered that be sought a free maiden
and that be sought her fairly, so 1 was happy.
* * *
* * *
But while I stood there on the hill-top, the vision
vanished, and instead of the pure notes of the lover's
song I beard the discordant voice of a policeman. I
awoke to find myself in an ugly alley, ,with the evidence
of a common, sordjd tragedy before me-a girl bf the
streets, a f.lashily dressed man, and an officer.
From that moment I have felt more keenly than
usual the stings of the rnan-go1erned world which has
superseded that simple Indian life. It bas made me des-
then it was a case for arbitration not for murder.
The battle in wl1ich this man bas been killed was one
11 hich had given Phillip the expected opportunity for
distinguishing himself. The general tells him he fought
like a tiger and tries to make him a captain. He refuses the commission and thereafter wiJJ only carry
the colors, not pu11 a trigger. The author kindly sup_
plies him with an exceptional superior oflloer or poor
.l'hillips resolution would have cost him more than they .
<l id. As it was, public opinion brought him martyrdom ·
• nough. His fellow soldiers scorned him a.n d at home
liP was regarded as a disgrace to the community. Philli p writes Elsa of his new convictions but has not heard
trorn her when he re.lur.ns b.orn.e -to-Inee cold- shoulders.
El'en In his own home, he is made to feel ari outcast.
Then Elsa appea~s full of syrnptt11U!Jm.d. linderstandlng.
" he has been educated during J.lls a bsence by a Tolstol
disciple and so is able to see her love1·'s position. This.
teacher is a rich man who can supply Phillip with the
necessary "job" and all live happy ever after.
The play is not too -''preacht." It has much of action and seems to me we11 adapted to amateur presentation. Most of it happens o'ut or ' doors and all of it
could be given In pastoral fash ion. For the benefit or
those looking for plays for amateurs let me say: The
book costs $1.25. . It Is not copyrighted except in the
·ordinary book fashion. Sudden death is not t!veatened
against such as shall dare to read aloud the creation
except behind closed doors, as Is true of ma ny recent
plays,
Any number of young girls can be used but only two
or three - have lines·-at any lellgth.. 'Five or six · fairly ·
strong men are required. There Is provision for a
dance- on the village. green which can be made elaborate it desired or ornltteCl altogether.
From the calm height or a California mountain I
l11ok n again upon a cluster of wigwams in a clearing
hl'low. 1 saw the women boeing maize and grinding
meal that they might bake· cakes for their children;
1 ig-ht,
�,
The Western Comrade
114
,..
(llatf!, that &harp coDtra.t. It has made me call for yoU;JAJver of True Womanhood, whoever you may be.
Olldh1K Ummgh the 11treets, alone and unseen, I see
huma111lY without the muftllng clothes of hypocrisy.' I
liN• that the crude tools and wigwam worksbOPIJ are
dhiJIIut•c•d by never slee)llng factories and marvelously
pr11dtH~llv1• rnadJlneH. But I know that the crude tools
lwllllll(f'll t.u the tmtlrc trlhe and were ~d to serve
l•Vt•r ymw, whercaH the mac hines are In the possession
or a fp w 1111d arc liKed all a hunger-lash to wb1p over
tlw lwuriK or t hf' many. J see that where women · once
l uhm·r-rJ to MP rve thr tribe, men now labor to create
profit. /11 •1 aust• or these things, I see society divided
luto hl!tt•J'ly autawwls tlc c lasses, waging a war that
holll H llllllilu ~o~ HIH'rl·d ; neither the honor or a man, the
H ll'r•u ~o~ t It or n wmunn, nor the youth of a child; a war
whld1 lllllkr•ll or 1he di H)IOssesl!ed a_ class or slaves and
ll( I hi' JIIIHHI'HH IITH a ('lllKK Of tyrantf!.
* *
*
A11rl tl11• II'OIJH•n-who long ago were the peace-kee pl •r M, I liP ).lll lll'dlunH of lh1• tribal ~~roperty, the home buildI'I'H, I 11!1 l!dHII' I'I'H !
'
'1'111· r·ludiiH of fii·JIPIIdl•nce hang heavily upon th e m
IL!Ifl tlt1•,1' 11111-1 llu•lr clatln ~:~. The officials In the high
Jilllf'' 'H ~ ·~ plolt thl' ommon w·eul and lhl'y say, "It is
11111 Olll' nffulr', Otll' work IH In thP home." Profit mongN H l'l'lrlllntlll ,l' poi Hnn th P food of th e nation and again
lltt•,l' Hl\ ,1' , "Our· jiii'!Hdlc tlun PXlcndH only over the home.''
' l' lu•lr l'lnllti'H 111'1• dy(•li with the blood of childish
flll lo(l'l' ~. 11111 1ht•Y Hfiy, "'l'hey nre not our· children." The
11'111'11
or
the• world
th e ir work- hns become complex.
It ltnM rlt•pur'l(ld fi'OIII th <• home for the factory, the
l< fltl'c', 1h1• 1'\'Hlttttt'IUit, the laundry, the offtce, th e school.
IP!I Il'l hlllll'l', IIIII t hc>Y makp fHnall
1h11
ffort to follow it.
Once~ey rendered large service to a large group.,
they render petty ervice to a petty group.
o
But I am not disc:ouraged. I appeal to all alike; to
those wbom a heaVY servitude has crushed; to tbo
whom rose chains have intoxicated; to the foollsb •ho
turn away; _to the dastardly who revUe me; to th
timid who fear- me; to the parasites who hate me. And
I sa¥ to you, though they now turn away, tbe time ls
not far otr when they will eagerly respond.
There will come a time when timid womanhood will
see the strugglings of the babes in the mart and find
timidity Irksome; when parasitical womanhood wtu
hear the cries and curses of the doWiltrodd n and find
parasitism loathsome; when foolish womanhood will
shatter its bonds and bear again with men tb burden
·ot responsibll!ty for social welfare.
* *
*
When tha(time arrives the pain of the Pres nt wUI
be forgotten and the freedom of the Past wlll be outdon
by the happy fellowship of the future. Although human.
ity was free from the tyranny of Its own kind during
matriachal times, it was the slave of precarious Nntur .
Though women were independent of m en, they wer not
the comrades of men. Though the tribe owned the tools,
they were poor Instruments, necessitating much
drudgery.
In the dimly outlined Future there will be n lth r
slavery to man nor to Nature. There wlll be ne ither
class dominance nor sex dominance. Men and women
will labor together in the world; not women alone as
heretofore, or men alone as now, but both togethe r· In
a universal comradship.
When that time arrives, I will come to my own.
nut at present I walt and am lonely- utterly lonely.
[ IN Fu
A LEGAL MATTER
A \\omnn wnlk 'd Into thl.' office of the courtroom
mw
hll11~·
dny nud, nddt
•ssin~
th(' judge, said :
"At'c' ~·mt th~' H('lll'Obnte judge'!"
"l mu lht' )'t'tllH\e judg-.., madnm-"
",'hnl 'll \\hut I lilt' tn," 8ht' Nlntinued. " You ee, I
hn\ \.' \'tlllW to ~·ou b~>cnust• l , m iu I rouble. My bu band
WM stmlslng to bt>
mini"ter at a logical emlnary
111\d h\' d 1('<-1 th.•t<t.'llt\:d and l('ft U\ three little infidel
~md I h h' \'Oil\\.' to ~-ou to bt> &ll'POinted · their exeen~~~lll\'1',"
" ·~"~ ~U"<' lh\"
n~t .-l~<'l! ~...
The docthor says
*
*
Gillet-1 managed to sa..y* just the right thing to old
Pes ·ioiist on the annhersary of his blrth.
Perry-'W hat was that?
Gillet-Wisbed him many unhappy return~> or tbe
day_
•"'""hal are
~-our
*
*
* on the great public probviews
lem!~
* * *
'
mighty expensive disease be's got.
l'\'e to kape him in good spirits."
EU. U LIFIED
tu'i't'to:r :and a pbann r-ist or t.be
··t h8\'en·t any ~iewrs on public problems." replled
the mao whose interests are under in~>astigation. "I'm
one of lhem m_ selt_r
*
*
*
TECH ICALLY SPEAKI G
'Ihey were speakm,g of tbe extreme. to wbieh
• * "*~to!'QQII'~m:IIU~
.saaalkli=:g ..
t-.
it'!'
..
·1
·u
be
·er by
~
of llilit.e fblff
~
slre
trutt~
l go_
""llooniigllL by meter will be the nat t.hl!l&.. deda:red Ole pessil:lltitie
e.
1o
fDStead...
R!-
ed thJ;~~
�The Western Com rade
Visitors coming to California from other sections of
the country frequently remark upon the number of remarkable women round here. The breadth, culture,
resourcefulness and variety In Interest of our women
have already occasioned national comment and their
fa me Is rapidly becomi ng Inte rnational.
The So!'lallst party has the proud distinction of
dalmlng as It!! own man y in thl!! "advancing margin"
of womunhood . These ar1• not "new women" In the ordinary sen!!!' of that hackneyed term. They are wom1• 11 who through the many a c tivities of all kinds now
open to th E' women of the s late have availed themHl•lvPs of th e opportunity thu s offered to secure an all
roU nd d.l'VP )OpiDPilt (JI lltl'ikfng COntrast With that Olle~ h.Jed tl evelopm<'nt which has hcc n th e Jot of women
in t•urilrr· gencrutionl! and whleh s till obtains in some
nf th P h·KH pmg r<'BI:!i ve older ser- tlons Clf the country.
Among t h<' women of whom the Socialist 11arty has
1he right to he proud Ia one who, although she is a
party memher·, Is not ns we ll - known inside as outside
the part.1'. Margaret 1<:::. More iK a teacher of history in
the Sonoma Jllgh School and a membe r at large iu
t h£' Ho!!l nlis l )lt\l'ty .
Some months s ince th<' San Fmncisco Dultetln pubtl ~ hNi nn article from iwr pen enlllied "The Heart of
1h£' \\'omnn Quet!lion." Las t. wee k at n rkeley at the
unnunl Stale Teuchers ' Convention s he gave another
pu p£'1' on "Histoi'Y in th e Making of the Citizen."
~omP pregnant ext·erpls f1·om these two addre sses
togPthl' l' with nn excellent portrait of their author are
ho•I'O gl\'('11.
" I'I'Ot. II. :llorse Stt>ph ns says that evet·y age must
11 rite 1t11 own history. 1~1·c ry age must employ Its own
hlsto ri cn l lntet·prPtntion. Whether It must or not, the
1 ruth I'PIIIalns that H does. li:nch age has its own part i<•ulat• llei'Stlccth·e. We 1.\l'e lnl r11r tlng history today
1 hro11gh the medium or economics.
ot h roes, but
1 a~t populur undi'I' -CIII'I'ents constitute history for us.
II i~; tmrticnlat·ly llttlng that we should do this. We are
t ru ty living In a n lndu11tr lal age, the great eYents are
moving ni'OIIIHI the creation of thittgs. To join oceans,
t n mnk<> gardens of the arid deserts. to pierce the
••arth to ln<'rcdlble de>llths- thcre are the great events
of llllt' 11 me.
i'
"1'h<' on<' ~rcat Democrat of the early period of our
li:Hiona\ life gave the best te. t .of good government
that was e \·er uttered. .Teff<'rson said: "'I'hls is the
'Hill of good go\' ernm·e nt, It shall ~strain men from inJuring Olle another, and It sbal1 not take from the
molllh of labor tl1e bread it has earned."
'ot to tak from til month 'Of labor tbe bread it
hns .-arned. H~s'tor:y records go~ernments 'that bave
c·rm<'el·ned them eh' es -v.·'ith that Jl'rlnclpany. The wor~d
,-; a\\'akening to tMs tact. No teacher ts :alive who ils
not rarnHiar wi'tll the e'Xploitation of ~abor -and 'CII.ti
wa t<-'h it going on <down thr011gh Ute ag s. 'The child
><N•s in ancient ih'lstory men en.la'flng otlher men by
'he o'l\·n r M11 of their bodi s. 'I'Ms lfo1'Tll of ·s lavery
•·nd;;. A ne-v.· government arl es. 'Th~s ·gov; rnm nt :ve
Ti'lt>:n the right to t'hei'r o-«·n !bodies., lbut ens'laved itl!ltm~
j1lst as . llNl~Y lb..v 'meDJns ot tlhe poss ·s ilon of ttJbt> !ann
'lT!O'n "tt.·hlcb theY TnllM live. The sw.a:y or itlhe femdal
baron was broken. Men came to get their living t:~l ewhere tban upon the land, by trade and commt:~ree in
the clUes. Hence the child bas two phase ot ploltation. What do they mean to him?
otbing unle s be
knows that the third chapter in tbi cycle is today b ing written. .Namely, the overthrow of industrial feudal·
Ism.
ln the midst or great accomplishment the world Is
nearing a cri!jls. The air is vibrant with it. ThE! old
master-slave economy gave way to feudalism, this
feudal land nexus between man and man was replac d
by a more varied property relation which we have com
to call capitalism. Today capitalism is ·crumbling to
gil·e way to something else. What tb1~e Is going
to bring remains to be set>n, but tbat It Is approaching
every teacher of history must realize and
pa.re th
future electorate to meet it.
l'
i'
l'
\Vh en \voman's employment In the home slipped away
what did she do? The only thing she could do- she fol lowed he r work into the factory, the packing house, the
department store, wh erever her toil had gone befor her;
the home stands idle-a place or l'eS]Jite perhaps, a
social unit, but Its industry Is gone forever. Woman
toils the same except for this dit'feren ce, thi s tremen dous differen ce, her fath e r or hus band is no longer her
e mployer. She has become an economic entity. The
wage she l'eceives comes to her hand directly from
her €'mployer, between whom and her..self the sole
nexus Is an economic one. The wage Is hers, hers to
keep, to spend, hers by every law of possession. It was
a stupendous occasion when woman found t his s tranger
e mployer . For th e first time In th e course of th e ra ce,
she became a se]Jarate economic entity. Ont of thi s
arose the cry for the ballot. Economic Importance al ways demands political recognition.
i'
'i'
l'
There is another woman not peculiar to our age,
but existing in all ages-"the woma!l atoned." \Ve are
only beginning to speak of her. She dU'l'era among us
in numbe r only, being in far greater proportion than
ever before. She has borne all the burden of her sin Instead of half of it; she was brolJgbt alone to the stoning
while her compeer went seot free. And she never dispute d you. And you went on your way thinking your God
marked the SJmrrow's fall and took no heed of hers.
But her vengeance came and continued sure and awfdt
he says nothing, b_ut she sends your children to .asylums for the blind; she corrupts your .s on; she creates
a demand for ber kind to su))ply wbicb your daughter
is abducted in a d iabolical traffic; she lne.ap.acltate.s
YOUr husband for fatherhood! she .SE'nds you tbrough
his -agency to the operating table. By tlJe argument
of deeds she has changed your over nice :notions and
by the log;lc of ·science she has 11ro1' n her i!lBterhood.
You are !llndmg out muminating f:a<'ts in ber favor;
that :she as there main~y because !!he js poor~ >that ln
tbe ,lrltern'll.tlve of sin or 'Btamwatlon .sbe has chosen to
live. Amd tlbe R!D.s wer to bei pro:blE'm! . 'ot rthat de- ·
spair.in-g ICl'J' .of •'.A miD.lian if.e.BT.S lheiOie s.he .ca.n !Ue
llt>.moved." !Let ~s :rather s.e t about maikling lit possil>Je
tOT her to earn a !living wage atnd something above
that to -sati~ lber !Donnal crn.il1g :for fein.irnJne va.ui1Jie.s. -
pr
�,
111)
The Western C omr a de
/
~~----~~-~~-----. c~-~--------~
By EMANUEL JULIUS
THE POET-LAUREATE
Ont·u upon a time there Jived a good, old ldngtlumJ! I've• done It! After fasting and prayer, I open
ll IH "plccn for tho JJap r" as did the old-fashioned story
wrltol'll, Well, this king Rat on the British throne; he
wo.11 .lunws 1. Along with a wife and a host of worries,
lw luul a c·ourt jeHtcr, whose business it was to make ·
1ho It hill' tuul{h In a most hilarious manner, for this
' kin~-: wou ld lw a jovial. merry. old soul. But, this king
hull 1111 lnur·dtnatc> fonclnoK>~ for· rhymes. so. he did somethinK rtwolultonary -·ho gave Great Britain a new lnHlltut Inn. th<• llll(ht llonourai.Jlo Ancient Order of Poetlntll'<•ntr•H. llt•n .Johnson was the firs t poet-laureate and
ho r·c<·rolvl'd tlw mun!llcE>nt salary of thirty dollars a
ntonth. Mnny puet-htiii'Nitea hnYc come and gone, but
t lw t hll·t Y-tlolhtl' Hillary ill stil l he re. The jestership
\1' 11111 to tiN·ny ll'lth lh<· Stuarts, I.Jut the poet-laureateHltltl IHII'I'ii'!'H <•VPn to this day.
l'oo t - hlul't>nlt'H, lll1e jm;terH, ar • XJiected
I hc• !lin g- rt•cl g-ood.
'l'hus, when th klng's
l'NHler to leal'n tbat quite a numhllld down t.be laureateship since
color-with plenty of emphasis on the water. Hi name
will nestle close to the other la.ureates-Whiteh ad,
Scogon, Pye, Ensden a.nc! Kay-and stay there. Critics
persist in. the sneering remark that he was made PO tJaurea.te not because be was a great poet but because
he bad succeeded In falling to do Jots of sinful things.
His virtues were in omission rather than In deed. H
was a lawyer, critic, politician, noveUst and war correspondent. His friends, who loved poetry and knew
him to be the worst laureate In-history, defended him
by saying he was a splendid lawyer. Lawyers looked
on him as a fine critic. Critics were fond of hls war
correspondence. War correspondents admired his
novels. His friends showed their love · for him by Ignoring his poetry, as did toe discriminating pnbllc. 'l'h Y
knew that when he aspired for the sublime peaks he
could ~o no fat ther than to lash himself to a chimney.
It t;; " sad commentary on Alfred Austin wh n one
considers that his death has caused persons of critical
ta stes to ask that laureates be tabooed. It has been
charged that poet-laureates, like jesters. at·c use! 111:1
and obsolete. That Is a disturbing allegation. It hns
heen contended that Pre mier Asqu ith (who is In charg<'
of the poet-laureate business) should not retain a po t
to take the late Austin's place. That is ~n anarchistic
doctrine. Just because a. thing is an anachronism It
does not follow that it should ·not be perpetuated. A
king, it is generally agreed, is a mere ornament. but
that does not mean he should be forced to abdlcat •.
Such Socialistic ideas should be knocked on the head.
England must have a poet-laureate. That Is self·
evident. Who shall it be? The Jist of poets Is not
meagre and includes Rudyard Kipling, William WatBOn,
John Masefield, Alfred Noyes, Thomas Hardy, Wllllam
Butler Yeats, Alice Meynell, Stephen Phillips and John
Henry Ke~·bolt.
Kipitni. it is argued, is not In favpr with lhe royal
famlh· for be is said to have offended \"ldorla In bl1
"B~;ck Room Ballad~;," calling her "the widow of
Windsor" and adding
"with an 'airy grey crown to 'er 'ead."
· In addition. KipUng i.s known to bne Jlttle regard
for women. This. in the mind of Premier Asquith, 111
a erious fault. Asquith shows his regard ~ WO!Df<D by
not permitting sufrragist to ~rve. wring tender and
lo\'ing methods when forciiJg lhem to eat.
William Watson, ourortunately.
written .orne
ra.diea.l poems.. This is a dUIIcult h
icap. He wrote
poem abour llrs. Ascimth. calling her "'The Woman
'\\lth the
rpelll's Tongue_" So U appeau u thou~
he ..-oa·"t ge-r the thirt~-dollar job.
William Bat.le:r Teats. ht> 11J'stfc Ce-Jt.. will DOt IJe
. The reasmz s JlDt .bJ'd w
IrislL We eoa1d as t"JUilJ' lla~e a Japanese
policemaa - California as ltaTe aa JriH pott-laar~
~
as poet-la
: be -
�Th e We s tern Com r- ade
'·177
Suffragists. Im ag in e a poet-laureate d generating so
low a s to s ing :
used .!ry' a poet-14-eate, might bring a thousa.n d a month
Instead of a paltry thirty dol'latsq
.·
•
~
'I'
•
.
'"Lily ema shed the r oyal gem s,
Al'id dro wned th e keeper in the Thames.
What does this girlish prank denote?
·
0, just that 'Lily wants to vote."
~!l.-3 above was written e.l)ou't pne week attar tbe
deatil of Sir AI.fred A<lstln. ,And now;~juat as this magazine is getting ready to go ,..tO J).re s/ djttes the report
that Rob ert Bridges, a ret;jbed Loi'td.on~o·spi;tal physician, 69 years oW, has ~E)en -ni!.Uied as ' poe£-1Mireate. I
know only two or three of his poemlJ ·aad thlnk th'ey
· are not worth discussing. The thing •that grieves me
is. that my artJcle Is "spo1led."
T!wmas Hardy Is looked upon as harmless. He is
yery, very old and rarely writes poetry. He stands a
good chance.
Alfred Noyes Is conservative and patriotic. He believes a Britlsher .can do no wrong. For that reason,
he rna~· get th e thil"ty-dollar job. The only ob stacle is
his youth. Th ere is danger that he may develop into
a great poet wjth social s pirit and enthusiasm. Asquith
rtoes not believe in taking chances, so Noyes may not
~-:e t t h ~ thirty -dollar job.
.John Masefleld. an Engli sh journalist says, would
have to "tone down conside rably " befo re he could even
he considered. Imagin e Masefleld toning down! Imagine him writing an ode to the King's garted
In John Masetield's "The l~ v e rlastlng Mercy," Saul
Kane meNs the "old Jlarson, r ed -eyed as a ferret," and
aft er te llin g him
"The Engli sh Church iJoth is and was
A su hHi dy or Caiaphas ,"
ti!'Jii·Prs him se lf of the following scorching attack:
''Y ou let him giv e th e man who di gs,
A tiithy hut unfit for pigs.
\\'it hout a well, without a drain ,
\\'ith ,;; oss~· thatch that le ts in t·ain,
\\'i th out a 'lotment, 'less he r ent it,
And nev<'l" meat, unless he scent it,
Hut weekly dol es of 'eleven shilling
To make a grown man strong and willing,
To do th e hardest work on earth
And feed hi s wife when she gives birth,
And fe!.'d his lit tie ch'lldren's bones.
I t ell you, man , the Devil groans.
With a ll your main and a.ll your might
You back what is again st what's right;
You let th e quire do things like these,
You back him in't and give him ease,
You take his hand, nnd dl·ink his wine.
And he's a hog, hut you're a s wine."
Yes, " ton ing down" John Masefleld would be as easy
Lt task as ·•toning down" deat·, old "Mother'' .Iones to
Pnab1 her to 11 come th e Second Lady-in -Waiting to
H r 1\fajesty, the queen · of the l nit d Kingdom!
I feel that I hav wast d altogether too much time
in di cussing candidat s for a thirty -dollar job. This .
magazine is Jlllb!ished by p rsons of Socialist ideals who
beliP\'P in the principles of unionism and who are opposed to open-shop salaries . They would much yrefer
to ha \·e me di scuss plans towards unionizing poetla ur ates o that they will not be forced to slave away
at sta n ·ation wages writing odes to the King's kitten.
\\'ho knows but that they are right! Who knows but
that my efforts might be crowned with success! Then,
the 110et-laur ate would go on strike three days prior
to the King's birthday, and there would be no· ode.
Or If, b)• some incomprehen lble turn of the wheel
of fate. the laureate were to become an I. w. w .. he
might he<'ome conve rted to the per.ftdious, mendacious
and meretricious doctrine of sabotage. Then , he might
make King G orge rhyme with rage. He m!ght, in aceordance with the philosophy of Arturo Giovann1tti,
Andre Tridon. William D. Haywood or Emile Pouget,
cut h re and there a few feet from his verses. Sabotage.
Two Bills of Fare
(Continued from page 165.)
standards for themsel ves is found on another page of
the same papers that printed Mrs. Cooley's report. There
is another bill of fare-this latter one not recommended
to working people so it is doubtless kept for those who
do not work. One day's menu Is as follows: ·
SUNDAY BREAKFAST
Oatmeal jelly and cream
Tom Thumb baked omelets
Batter .Dread
Coffee
Strawberries
LUNCHEON
Cold corn beef, sliced
Saratoga chips
Orange layer cake
Buttered toast
Iced tea
DINNER
Split pea so up (stock from com beef)
Roast chickens
Boiled rice
Green peas
Raspberry ice cream
Cake
Co~ee
The corres ponding . one for working folks Is:
SUNDAY BREAKFAST
Nothing
LUNCH
1 cup of cocoa
2 slices whole wheat bread
I
~lied
1
Fh·e cents
NER
potato
~·orth baked beans
·How do you like it? How do you like to see the
Idle exploiters flaunt th eir good llvln,g while at the
same time they urge on you and on your children a diet
that Is sure to ause a physical and possibly even a
moral breakdown?
The food which we eat forms the energy or our ,
bodies-food together with the oxygen Is the power that
makes the engine of the body go. Never give up. Demand good, wholesome food and fresh air. If necessary fight for these things for If we ljo not die for them,
we will certainly die without them.
'
OUR LANGUAGE
Oh , the copper on the beat Is no coin,
And his star doesn't shine from aloft;
His billy never says a single word,
He doesn't pinch his job, though its sort;
He pounds his beat all day and never hurts,
His round Is otten square, so they say;
Think these things a re funny? Never mind!
Its our way of taiklng; just our way!
�178
The Western Comrade
"THE MARCH TO JAIL."
KIRK AND McKEE SECOND .A.ND THIRD FIGURES FROM LEFT,
FROM BEHIND JAIL BARS
An i nterv iew with E. E. Kirk and Harry M. McKee follows. These are the Socialist attorneys of San Diego
who were convicted and sent to jail for "conspiracy to violate the anti-street-speaking ordinance." Their offense
was that they spoke on the street at the beginning of the Free Speech fight, which eternally disgraced the business element of San Diego a year ago. The sentences of Kirk and McKee are six months and three months re spectively. At the expiration of these sentences, there Is a fine of $300 each, which must be paid or they stay in
jail 150 days longer. The cases were appealed to the Supreme Court. The convictions were upheld.
·
As It Is almost impossible \o see and talk to these men, Mr. Kirk has interviewed Mr. McKee and then himself for The W estern Comrade.
By E. E. Kirk
P~'!!
~!!!!!!!'~'!!'!!H'!!'!!'!!I!!IAHRY Mcl\:1!:1'; sat on a folding chair,
r adlng, his feet 'on the third step on
1111 Iron stairway, when I asked him,
" ay, old man, how shall I say you like
~ jail life?"
~
Down cam both feet. ''Just say I
don't like it," said McKee emphatically.
"I don't Imagine any mari would like it.
Then, the absurdity of putting men in
jail! W e t wo, for Instance. As though
jail would make
Jess radical, or would
mnke us lOI'<' the .capitalist regime more. The only
Sl\\'lng clause for me Is that I'm getting rested, for the
first time In my life."
"Why, Mr. McKee," I said.. "You don't mean to say
this Is your first time In jail?"
"Yes, it Is." r plied Harry M. "That is, in a real
jail. for a definite time. 1 was arrested in 1906, in
Coimcil Bluffs. Iowa. The chief of police honored me
by taking my arm all t he way to the station. I had
read the Declaration of lndep ndence on the,.. street.
That was only for a couple of hours, though, and the
ca <> was laughed out of court. I have been in the
Socialist Party for fourteen years, too, so that's a
pretty good record."
"And since that Council Bluff affair, you've kept out
ot jail, ha1·e you?''
" ('S, sir, unttl Fe-bruary, 1'912. That is. when you,
dun you, were one of the 3 othets arrested with· me;
u
then we all laid in the city jail for twenty hours."
"All right. Now tell about your jail life. What do
·YOU do, and what is done to you all day?"
" That's easy, for we've had the one routine since
June 30. There are two ~eals, one at eight-thirty In
the morning, and the ot er at four in th e afternoon.
For the first meal ther is mush, alleged coffee, unsweetened, and a piece f . uncut bread. 'The whole 'is
encased In a deep bread pan and shoved along the
floor. The second meal is either beans or stew, a tin
cup of tea, escorted by bread, all in the never-to-beforgotten bread pan. The food is all right, but the
method or serving and its appearance knocks all its
good qualities.
''We read-l'm sure the readers will know that we
may have books-and we reply to letters received, conduct what's left of busiliess by mail, and write out
thoughts for future use."
''Now, Mr. McKee, you have been .In San Diego a
number of years, so will you tell briefly what the Free
Speech fight was all about, and if it was really Free
Speech that was invol\"ed, or was it an I. W. W. invasion for their propaganda?
"I certainly will," said McKee. "That's one thing
that should be straightened out. The trouble began
with the efforts of the Merchants' Association to make
an Diego an open town. Their biggest buildings were
being built with non -union labor. Street meetings,
wbich had been held for years, were the best means of
• •reaching the non- union element. The Socialists had
�The Western Co mrade
used these meetings every night. The Council passed
an emergency ordinance; that afforded no chance for a
referendum. It prohibited street speaking within the
only district where one could get an audience. The
Socialist local v.oted unanimously to oppose and test
the ordinance. The Federated Trades Council also
voted unanimous ly to support the Free Speech League,
which was practically organized by the Socialists. The
I. W. W. had three delegates on the executive co'm mittee of•-the League, out of a total of more than thirty
delegates. Whe n me n went to jail to test the ordinance,
th ere were more I. W. \V.'s who made the sacrifice than
others. The capitalists find it easier to discredit the
Industrial \Vorkers than the Socialists. and their papers plcture<;,.the fight as an invas ion of the l. \V. \V.
But when it came to prosecuting the cases, the facts
s howed up. The Socialists were prosec uted bitterly and
the I. W. \\' .'s were given freedom on various grounds.
No, It was a Free Speech ftght, and I think it Is a mi stake for any radical to assist the capitalists In condemning a portion of the working l'lass."
"Good. I agree \\:ith you. even if th is isn,'t my. inten ·iew," I !'laid. ··1~ut you're not looking any too we ll.
old man. Does the jail affect your health ?"
"Yes, to some ex tent it does. The jail is so new
that the conerete is not completely dry, and I hai·e a
constant cold. My health has been injured by the systematic campai,;ning for free speech during the fight;
th e loss of business, months of time and strain of doing
ali I cou ld has hurt. Then the sight of these foolish
bars and bolts Is s tifling. They bear down on one and
smother. Not th e immediate personal effect, of course,
but the glarin g ins tance they present of th e cruelties
and barbarities of the system. I dare say that the'
on ly radi cal thought that has been publicly proclaimed
to the prisoners was what th ey heard of the speeches
made by yon and myself the day we held the street
meeting in front of the jail before coming inside."
"What message have you for the comrades, Mr.
McKee?
"Just this. It seems to me that we must, as Socialists, take warning by San Diego, and make s ure that our
Free Speech is not wrested from us in other places.
The Socialists of California are powerful enough right
now to prevent any r ecurrence of the San Diego methods. An initiative measure would do it. A constitutional amendment declaring that no legislative body
may restrict free speech, directly or indirectly, 'could
be had. Freedom of speech means our opportunity to
carry on our work. There cannot he too milch free
speech. Let anyone speak their thoughts, just as they
write them, and be res ponsible, civilly m· criminally, for
any d~mage to any person by such speaking."
(Note-This is where the writer Interviews the Interviewer.)
Ques tion : "Well. Comrade Kirk, do yon agree with
what Mr. McKee says?"
Answer : "Not altogether; life would be too easy If
I agreed .with Mr. McKee. But with his details of jail
life, I have to not only agree, but be present."
Q. "How do you feel about the jail conditions?
A. "The one thing that impresses me Is th e simi"
larity to army life;· I ftnd that the treatme nt a soldier
receives from th e government while serving it faithfully,
an d the treatment accorded to a convicted prisoner, as
punishment, Is practically the same."
Q. "You don't mean It ?"
A. "Yes, I do. I served during the war with Spain
in t he Twe ntieth Kansas (Funston's) Regi ment. This
hody had as good or better treatment than the regulars.
But in the army one get;( u.p at a bugle blast at sunrise, whether "there is an? reason or not. Here me rise
only for breakfast. Bars keep one In here; bayonets
In the army. In each place the guards are armed. The
rood is muc!l the same, yes, just about: There Is not
so much unpaid wo1·k In the average jail as there is In
the army. And when the term of the soldier and the
prisoner ex.plre, they are each glad to quit, and swear
never to do It again."
Q. "Isn't that rather hard on the soldier?"
A. "No, I don't think It is. The soldier will appreciate the ·comparison; every ex-soldier will recognize
it. If It were Investigated, the recruiting offices would
be ev~n harder worked to obtain men."
Q. "How do you like the jail?"
A. "It could be worse; generally Is,
understand.
But personally, I'm the healthiest of animals; just the
kind that should go to jail. There is no shfl,me at- '
tached, so my temperment doesn't suffer. Then, here's
Harr~ McKee for company.
That's the one bright
spot. There are so many thlngn we disagree about that
we stay in every evening and argue. We play chess_:_
but Harry wins. That's why he didn't mention it."
Q. ''Didn't you count on winning on your a:ppeals ?"
A. "~o. I can't say that I did. I have been in the
Socialist Party for twelve years, and have seen enough
to lose faith In the fairness of the courts when business men are to be favored or the working class discouraged. M~ opinion of the review our cases got in the
higher courts is well expressed in a letter before me.
It says the re w&s only one statement and one answer
possible on appeal. They were: Kirk and MeKee have
been convicted of conspiring to commit a misdemeanor.
Here's a glorious chance t.o soak th em. All those In
favor of bumping their respective heads say Aye. Carried unanimously. Sentences affirmed."
Q. "\Vhat Is your solution for free· speech troubles?"
A. "First, the initiative measure proposed by M.cKee. Also, an increase in the. red card membership of
the Socialist Party. That's the answer. The organization Is the thing. Let's do our fighting as an organlza- ·.....__
lion, choosing the grou nd and making the Issue.
Q. "And the [uture, what about that?"
A. "\.Ye must cheerfully stay here until the authorities have their portion or our lives. That cannot
be replaced. When we are fr~e again, physically, we
may speak In several clUes of California, In response
to invitations. Then ·we take p our dally tasks. But
we'll always be for the work! g class from Aipha to
Omega. 1f our .stay In jail makes for propaganda, It Is
worth while. We are satisfied that there will always
be men and women to make any sacrlflee that will
unite the workers for Socialism."
ON T HE BIRTH
OF A
By F rank
T~ylor
CHILD
Lo-to the battle-ground of Life,
Child, you have come, !Ike. a -conquering shout,
Out or a struggle-into strife;
Out or a darkness-into doubt.
Girt with the fragile armor of Youth,
Child, you must ride hito e ndless wars.
With the sword of protest. the buckler of truth,
And a banner of Jove to sweep the stars.
Be to the darkened world, a fl a me;
Be to Its unconce rn a blowFor out of Its pain and tumult you came,
And into its tumult and pain you go.
�I
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and highest priced cutters
and tailors In the country.
Use the P;arcel Post
Send to us for your furnishing goods. State size
and color preference and leave the rest to our experts. You will not be disappointed. Postage paid
on all orders over "$1.00.
"Hurry to Hunter's''
W. Bunter &Co.
5Z5 So. Spring St.
Los Angeles, Cal.
••QUALI'DY WINS "
ST. ELMO
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Made from Cubat Choiceet Vuelta
Abajo. in all Popular Sizes and Shapee.
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co.
lOS AN.rELES
Subscribe for the Western Comrade Today!
Big things are in store for new subscribers to The Western Comrade. Now is the time to subscribe. No person who wants to keep in touch with the best of Socialist propaganda can afford to
miss a single issue.
Next month Chester M. Wright, editor of the California Social-Democrat, will have a gTeat
newspaper story, "What's Wrong in the Newspaper Game." This story is written out of ten-years
of newspaper experience.
''A Vision of the New Time,' ' by Dr. George W. Carey of Pasadena, will be ~other great story
for Western Comrade new subscribers. . Stanley B. Wilson will have "A Tryo t in the Woods,"
one of his delightful fiction stories. "The Socialist" by Sydney Hillyard is an ther pleasing contribution for next month.
.
·
The regular departments, drama by Mila Tuper Maynard, the woman's department, by Eleanor Wentworth, books and reading, by Emanuel Julius; the editorials by R. A. Mayna~:d, stand
out as alone worth the subscription price of the magazine.
'!Just Plain Fish," by C. D. Rhodes, with illustrations by himself, is a story crammed with
laughs at the expense of capitalism that will appear in the next number.
To this splendid array of talent will be added a number of special articles that will make the
number worth· double its cost. Subscribe now for this great magazine. New subscribers may also
have either of the following books: "The Religion of a Socialist," by R. A. Maynard, or "Can a
Catholic Be a Socialist,'' or '' The Gospel of Socialism,'' by Stanley B. Wilson. .Specify which you
wish when subs(!ribing.
·
'
Do not delay. The price is but a dollar for an entire year. Give this splendid magazine a
chance to work for Socialism.
THE WESTERN COMRADE
P. 0. BOX 135
LOS ANGELES, OALIF.
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
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Western Comrade, 1913-08
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1913-08
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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Western Comrade
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Text
JULY, 1913
TEN CENTS
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V; lLSON
Wr_;N'I\VORTH
'ti\.NUEL JULIUS
M LA 'l'1.1PPER MA NARD
Cl-~·
STER M. WRIGHT
; 'dJNEY HILLYARD
~·aLLIS
CHURCH LaMOTT\
, ;RANK E. WOLFE
:~UNICE
EVELYN BRIGHT
..\RTIS1'S
ItOB WAGNER
GORDON NYE
EMMA GORDON
ROB WAGNER
By Himself
�l"'h.e WesteEn Comrade
A Message .From the Editors
The western Comrra:de: th:Mi yotJ n@W narve- m yl!lmr ham:ds. is,
t!ite: fO.ml!i i8s-1!Ie an€1! it is with a1 feemg of pride t.halt the edit.l!l!i
B1ave watched Dt go fli"{I),IIII! the press.
No eiif'orl has bee-lill s.paured to ll!llali"e- 'l1te W es:te:lin Cmim~Jde a
magazine- 5Uperior- to aM Soeiiali t magazmes. This has; been
doJJe, not with a spirit of grasping competition, bl!It with a
spirit of Ioya~ty to Sociaiist principles rutd a desire to give
to the pa~rty and its members the very besi po "ble propaganda
:1 ntl e!JJJcahoii'al medium.
Tfte smJ,scriptiou list of The Western Comrade has grown
F"mm month to month and the indications- are that it will grow
fa!-!tct· in tl~t: future than it has in the pa t.
.\11(1 that is tlw point. .J ust what are yc;m doing to help thi
s r,ft:u;Jiu ma~taziue iu its dforts to help build the pa1·ty 1 Have
you sccun·d just oue new .·ubscription Y It may be that you
have, and it may be that you haven t. If you haven't the big
thing to do is to take this copy and go traight to the be t
prospect you kn~w of and get his or her subscription.
You never have had a magazine in your hands for wl+tcl1 it
was Pas iPJ" to get suhscriptions. So let us sec ho\\· many sub~owri pt ion s f"<ln he roll ed in before the n ext issue come from
t lw press. Th e h rst magazine in the world would he no good
at. all if it had 110 suhserihPrs to r ead it!
Th e next numlwr of The Western Comrade will he just like
nil of the ot hPr num hPI's-thc YP.l':V best that (•a n he mad e.
Th e editors arP nl'tPr some g rPnf I'Pa tuJ·ps right now. The
Western Comrade always will he a magaz ine to be proud of- ~
a ma'g azine of the \\" est for t he \\"h ole eountry.
:'\r)\\. for those• liP\\" suhseriptions!
ThP prie <·- just a dollar
a year!
.
r"
The Western Comrade
Vol. l.
~ ,13
~o.
-L
.July, 1913.
Published Monthly by
The Citizen Publishing Co.
:.!Oa 1ew H igh Street, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
Ruhscription Price One Dollar a Year
EDITORS
Chester M. Wright
Stanley B. Wilson
As ociate Editors
Elennor Wentworth
Emanuel J ulius
Mila Tupper Maynard
Rob Wagner
Fred C. Wheeler
Editorial Writer-R. A. Maynard
IRA C. TILTON, Valparaiso, Indiana
THE TILTON .SCBOO_L OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
VALPARAISO
INDIANA
(Courses Given b~· CuiTespondence Only)
Th e qu es tions, directions and r equirements In on·
n ec tion with the following courses cov er th e sub j ec t s
nam ed. Th e books you have , or uny boolt s on th f<
subject, will ariswer for study t exts.
1. History and Civil Government, Six lesson s .. .. . . $1.00
2. Campaign Soc ialism, Six lessons ..... .......... . 1.00
3. Sc ientific Socialism, Six Lesson s . ............ $1.00
4. Political Economy, Twelve lessons . . .......... 3.00
5. Psychology, Twelve lessons ........ ............ 3.00
6. Soc iology, Twelve lessons . . ................ . ... 3.00
Th ese courses are arranged in a proper order for
a com plete course in Social Sci ence. Nine dollars paid
in adYance will entitle the applicant to the six courses,
including a certifica t e wh en th e work Is completed.
<Mark with an X the Cou rses Desired)
Kam e .... ... .. .
·stree t
City .. .. .............. .
. . !;tate .......... ........ .
�The We t rn Co
r
I
t the
from he
xecuti e ecreta
Uy \\';\LTER LA..'XFERSIEK
~!!!!!!!!!!!!;tJn; ,_wi~li.t J•aMy Us entl"rinu upon a pt_"riod of uneumplt't.l
un~wtfl.
t ·,·rtaiu untoward {'ireurn anees a the pres..~ut mouw•-• umy J.,,.,.Jmt,J that fat:L There i · a dt>tieit on band, not at
~~~~ l)~mJtl'rliU~. hut th•· ~c-iali. t Part)· ba the }ton t p . •t•hology
11r tlw wm·kiuJt vlll"-'1. in that it di ·likf
to facet he world 1n debt.
Huf uJift,mJth impor1:mt, this ~- or pa. ·inu importan<:e. An
~1\'llhllwlw l'lllllwt tno\'e huekward, not· can we.
'l'l11• 11ld Xat i111ml t ·,.,umiH ,.,. f(')t the ri~>ing spirit of the time . They felt
I lw I 1lw fl)d fw11 '''"' I'HUld JW l•m1.Wl' hold th new wine, and graeion ·ly han h•d
11 \ l•f' 1111' I'I'J IHI to 11 1ww ~atiou :tl E xecutiYC Committee. All honor to them fot·
I fl,·if· JIHI'I l ~l'l 'ill wol'lc 'J'IH•y l<~·pt us fr·om the rocl•s of destmction and will
),, . t'l•llll•fltlt~ •f'l'd will1 lo \'1! an rl ·gr·atitudc by all who know theit· real ,,.ot·k .
'I'J,,. 111'\1' ~ ~~~ io 1111l E XI•(• tll J\' 1' Com mitt el! is composed o[ J. Stitt \\'il 011
i'l'!ifiJ tlw 1'111' \\'1'"''· Ut•o l')!l' II . (lcwlwl fr om t he fa r· El).st. \ icto r L. Be rger·.
,\ dulpll < 11'1' 1111'1' nJJd . J nJIII'S ll. .\latll'r•r· fr·om t he m iddl e SC'dion of t he eou u try .
'J'IJ,. 1111'''" ]Hst JJIIJII!•d ilt:J JJ d lli g-h i n· tl 1!' ir r·espedive un ions. Th e ot her t wo
/ll•t•d 1111 ill t J•odfJI'I iu1 1 t o ( 'lll i t'ol'll iu n s. Th ey will wor·k harm oniously a nd will
II IJJ)I I' "'Ill)(].
l•'ol '
I lit• JI I'"Sf' l i l nil big' plans must h · h<'ld in ahC'y ancc. \\"c must look aft er
I Ii" '' ' 'lillllis"'"'''.l' ilf' l'lll't• 1'l111't'in g into !h f' c·ampui g u . 1\ s soon as th e n ew r egim e ·
l111 s l'tilllll i
it s f' li'
lh l' l't• wi ll IH• s·o;,~,. l:ll'g'C pl a ns inau gurnt ~·d.
\\'e must look at
tli ill~ot's i11 11 iii i'M'" \1' 11 ,1', Oll t· hlilldrt·tl th ousnutl men and " ·omen with on e iuca
11s 11 l'iil l·l'll lll !'ll llllltll' t• I li t• wol'ld . \\" e ar·p rn ovin g it , comrades! The evid ences
lll't• lllll ll ,l' 11 11d ilig·ni tl f•JI III. Otil'lil<•r·ature is p enetratin g en>r·y home. Our spir·i t
i~ l't'lll' li i ll j,( 11 11d i ll lhtt' ll t· in g- m i 11ds a ud h ea rts ,,.hC't'e \'L' I' just iee and p eace arc
Itt \' I' l l.
l' phnl\1 I ht• hundH or ~'0 11 1' ll t' \\" Ex !'Utivc Committ PC. \Vo rk har·moniously
tlii• ~l't •nl j,I'OII l , un d \\' 1' shnll th en ha\'C , u ch ean.·<' fo r r ejoicing t hat w e
wi ll jtl'IIHI lllld hold tht• wol'ltl for 1h e "·oJ'l;:ers anu thr t:r ucl c·lass wa r shall
1'111'
..
�112
The Western Comtatae
'"-...__, .
YOUNG LIFE'S REALIZATION
By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
NE N_ovember the strong Fall Wind passed through the Woods
and en his wide-spread wings carried away a little seed, depositipg it at length among the debris of an alley in the Great City.
'rhere it lay all during the winter. While the wind whistled bet ween the rows of houses and roared through the alley, causing
.Do
the tin cans to rattle, it crouched down far beneath the snow
~s
and longed dreamily for the Summer.
~ h~~.
''Come soon, qear Summer,'' it sang. I am growing, growing; something within me is plishing outward. I hunger for your sweet sunshine and soft rains. Come soon, dear Summer-I want to BE.''
·when the snow began to melt the seed pushed roots downward and leaves
upward, thinking "Surely the Summer will come now. I must begin my
I
work.''
The days advanced and Summer came. But to the alley it brought no
sweet sunshine or soft rains. It brought only rumbling, crushing wagons,
ruthless childish feet, and a dry heat that made the soil impenetrable.
The little seed struggled bravely, calling to the beloved Summer, but it received no response. So it crumpled up hopelessly and withered away.
0-
The Spirit of Love breathed over a home and reared on a mother 's breast
a tender young life: He pulsated with that heritage of the well-born, the desire to grow. During his early youth his mother protected him against the
misery of his environment, so he grew healthy and rosy and beheld large
visions of the future.
"I'll be strong, Mother," he said, "and wise and brave. I '11 go out into
the big world and bring beautiful things back to you. I '11 give my strength
wherever it is needed; fight for the right, though it means danger, and stand
by my fellows, though it means death."
She answered him with a strangely intonated ." Yes Y"
But long before he reached maturity, Poverty beckoned him and led him
into the factory. There hard labor robbed him of his strength; weariness
stupefied his idealism; uncertainty destroyed his courage; and incessant com. petition killed his sense of fairness to h~ fellows.
Before many years the clutch of the octopus had made of him dry chaff .
. And from the world he brought to his mother the knowledge that her love 's
labor was lost. · ·
�The
I
W~
tern Comrad
.
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT
*
WomlPrfnl, beautiful human hands!
*
*
Hands as delicate as the fuiest fabric, with tint of kin that
hlends into shaflo-w onr fleeting curves. Hands that breathe of the divinity of humanity.
lende~,
soft-hued fingers, tnpet1n ~ to tiny rose buds. Fingers that flex and fly like scampering sunbeams in
I he labors of ]on!
~larvelous
human hands!
Human hnwl s. torn and knotted and broken! Great hands with muscles that are hard and bones
thnt nrc big and stron g! Hands that strive and strain at great ·burdens!
Hands that gra p shovels
null levers that eoutrol powerful machines. Hands that plunge down into danger! Hands that grap-
plu with df•ntll!
Jinnds with hard palms and thick, tough fingers!
Hands! Human hands that do
11n1'1l wol'l< I
Ifamls that an• indolent. Hands that reach and grasp. Hands that tear away from other hands.
I lamls stron g in th e strength of trickery and treachery! Human hands that never create. Fingers that
"l't)
n cYcr Lent except to grasp!
Human hands.
All alike in the dawn of babyhood l
-'
�The Western Comrade
114
I
"
Rob Wagner, the ArtistiC e
By
of nature, or compose a song that contrasts sound with
have your little lists of world probsllence, tempers volume with tone .
!ems--so have J-so has the valedictorian
Rob Wagner believes that nothing. In the world ls
in the Pomona high school. Some of our
better than beauty. The goal of all things Is beauty,
inclusions will di1fer widely, but there
which means perfection. He be)leves, with K a.ts, that
are other things In Ute world ~out us
what Is beautiful cannot be bad. Only the uglY is Imso raqkly grown that man's--nlstinctlve
moral. True beauty to the soul Is as ozon to th
sense of fairness takes the pen and
flower. \Vere we to surround ourselves with b autlful
writes the lists alike.
things our lives and thoughts, In time, would become
Man now produces thirty, sixty and a
b autiful. for beauty absorbs th7 ugly just as light drives
. hundred fold more .~ealth than did the
orr the blackness of night. This Is Rob Wagner's philos·
to!Ung gnmdslre; yet there are among
ophy. And jt is red; It is revolutiona.ry; lt is dangerous;
us· those who want what our grandfathers, had. A
it demands vast hanges In our economic system-or
woman driven in a luxurious car and adorned In a gown •
rather, lack or system.
that cost a. thousand months of painful toil plays at
"All artists are Individualists, but many of them see
charity where ten thousand unwashed childish faees
no hope of achieving their Individuality except through
gaze upward from a garbage-laden gutter. We, who
the Socialist movement,'' says Rob \Vaguer. "Jack
twice daily are packed in cars as no ranchman would
London was right when he said that capitalism Is abso- .
pack his cattle, appoint committees to find a remedy !or
lutely Nushlng art. The artist occupies a curious posirural isolation. With education universal and enforced,
tion In the social cosmos; neither a capitalist -nor a
with the science of preventive medicine progressing
proletarian. he forms with the
with marvelous rapidity, insauity, suicide and crime
other lntell ctuals a group that
II s betw en. Howev r, no
steadily increase, while in
mutter how much h would llk
some of New York's human
to express h1mself or socially
abattoirs only one child of ten
serve his fellow men under tb
born reaches the age of five.
These conditions cry out for
competitive system, he must of
change; and no shutting of our
necessity become a servant of
eyes to the facts, no comparithose who can pay hhn his
son with worse cond.itions in
wag . Thus, we find most of
the past, and no shifting of reth.e artists and intell ctuals In
sponsibility upon Divine Provthe service of the capitalists.
"Jack London has to write
idence, can still the cry. We
directly at the beads of his edivoice our cry in ten thousand
different ways. We write of
tors, and they are either capitalists or represent capitalists.
our heart-sores in for.ms that
The artists have to p!dnt what
are countless. We aspire to
utopias that mirror the dreams
the buying public want-and
the only ones who now can buy
of- our souls. And this vast
their wares are the capitalists.
chaos sums itself into the deWe edit their newspapers,
sire for a beautiful world. We
build their homes, write their
want a better world, and that
plays and books, paint their
means a more beautiful world.
pictures and In every other war
Child toil, poverty, disease,
crime-all these are ugly, and
glorify their Jives. It Is natthat is why we don't want
ural that the Intellectuals
should be rebels. What selfthem.
In Los Angeles, Rob Wagner
respecting roan wanttl to be
Is preaching the Gospel of
subjected to this klnd o't
Beauty. He despises Capitaltyranny?"
Rob Wagner and his C4)Dl·
Ism because it is crude arid
ugly. He loves the philosophy
rade artists would fnflni£Ht
prefer to beautify the lives of
of Mutualism because it is
all mankind than to bury their
beautiful. He is a Soelalist,
PAINTING STEWART WHITE' S PORTRAIT
works In the private homes of
an Artistic Red. He believes
moneyed mediocrity. It was for this reason that Mr.
that ecstasy o\·er beauty is something that is actually inherent; the thrill that comes from viewing a
·wagner sought expression In the public service by enmajestic mountain moves man to the depths of his soul.
teling the publfc schools as a teacher. He feels that
His emotions throb and pulsate. craving for expression;
there is a real exhilaration In helping to estheticallY
if be is an artist, he will write a poem that breathes
mould the lives of the coming generation. Tbe n~ce~·
beautiful words and thoughts, chisei a bit of statuary
tive minds of eighteen hundred boys and girls at the
that takes on the haunting loveliness of harmonious
Manual Arts High School Js a largel' and more splendid
form, paint a picture that glories in the color and shade
canvas than be ever painted upon befoTe.
-=~~~!!!!::~ OU
.y
-~
\
.
•
EMANUEL . JULIUS
�The
e t r
0
r
For Mr. Wagner to striTe to o
beautify their homes. their ~{lei'SO
r maillll'&r'S
t.Lstes is to lead them. to beairtle they tn.ow n
• to make them sensitive to artistic horrors that
us on all sides-this will help del'elop & r& ot o
people who will know and demand beauty
& personal
and social necessity to their lives.
As the schools are the most highly sodallaed Institutions we have, they are the most successful.
o
greater demonstration of the social triumph could b
shown than in the Manual Arts High School- here r.
Wagner teaches. Here is a faculty of eighty teach refine, intelligent, high-purposed men and worn n who
dearly love their work and who all w~rk tlr 1 sly for
the Interest and joy they take in it.
"It Is a pleasure to associate socially and lntell ctually with such fine spirits," .
says Mr. Wagner. "As for .r-~::=:--=-~~~-=-~~---.--"""'"!1'
the students, they are fairly
bursting with the joy of life.
lt would be hard to tell when
school is out for ttie students
!luger around. some still
working in the shops and
many rehearsing for all sortt~
of musical and athletic stunts.
''One reason why they love
the place is because the physical equipment of the school
is so beautiful, which goes to
show the importance .of beauty In making work joyous.
The shops, so full or fresh air
and sunshine, looking out
upon the field, are an inspiration to work and stand as a
symbol of what our industrial
life ought to be. When the
industries are public institution . like the schools, then perhaps there wlll be some
dignity to labor, for one can work with dignity only In
beautiful surroundings."
Of cour e. the public schools have not attained the
perfection of Socialism-whose fruitage is lndlvldUAlitlm.
• lr. Wagner a,·ers there is still too mucb authority to
del'elop splendid individuals. The ~utbortty iJI not the
tate nor the church, but public opl.nlon. The stat£, u
rep
en ed in the superintendent and board of educa-tion. bas been a.muingl.r liberal and broad-mlDded ao4
has helped to eni:on.rage indl\TidDality in the tea£h£ni
and
sa..v Yr. Wagner.
'"'The e ~ ~
11'bat I call PJJblle
... Mr. W~ sa.,T
e reamn is thAt PJibUe
Edl:IICAtiiomll. - te&ctnal
:artJ.Aie
Ed1Jea.tDnl u"e ~
tl1aze
k
�116
c..
The Western Comrade
Fig~ting
For Labor in State
LegisIatures
By CARL
n.
THOMP
o
Carl D. Thompson is in charge of the information bureau maintained by the National Socialist party in Chi·
eago. He has been a member of the Wisconsin state legislature and was city clerk of Milwaukee durln'g the
two Years of Socialist administration. He is probably the best qualified man in the Socialist movement to
telt of the work of Socialists In American state legislatures. This Is the first time that such an account has
been written. The story as told here by Mr. Thompson is an extremely valuable addition to current Social ·
ist literature.
P.!!!!!!"'!!'!!!!"'!!'!!!!"'!!'!!!!"'!!'!!:'IACK in 1899 the present Socialist Party
·
elected its first representatives to the
state legislature in Massachueetts. From
that day to this the"*Bocialist Party has
1
•
;
been tlgh ting a, steady battle for the
cause of labor in the various state legislatures. The story of the legislative
~
enactments won for labor by the Social• "!J
is party has ~een a steady crescendo.
Gathering strength slowly. but stead1
ily In every state the party finally breaks
through here and there and elects .a representative to
the state legislature. Generally It is a single representative at first, but It may be two or three.
In Massachusetts Carey and M-cCartney were elected
In 1899, and the party had representatives until 1904.
It was then without representatives until 1909, when
Comrade Morrill was elected. 1 He still holds office. In
New York the first representative, Herbert H. Merrill,
was elected In 1911. In Pennsylvania the Socialists
won a seat in November, 1910, electing James H.
Maurer. One representative had been elected in Florida
some years before, while Comrade Nels S. Hillman In
Minnesota was elected in 1910 and is now finishing
his second term.
Naturally these single representatives could do but
little, yet they held up the banner of labor In the leg.
islatlve halls. By !j.lld by a group of Socialists-four or
five-later, six, and later still, a dozen were elected in
\VIsconsin. By this time other states were "breaking
through" and we had this winter (1913) a group of two
or more in four states-six in Wisconsin, four In Illinois,
two in Nevada and three in Kansas. Thus gradually
and steadily the power of the Socialist movement is
gro.wing, as the numbers elected to the legislatures increase. But it grows in anotjler respect; the program
Is being deve-loped and made more comprehensive. It
also gains In power as the members of the '~!arty assemble the facts and Information that constitute the arguments in fa\·or of their mea ures.
Nothing is so mighty as the unanswerable logic of
the facts behind our program- the moral appeal of the
realities we present. This is being understood and admitted everywhere. And every year these facts pile
up. Every year a thousand influences are Bringing them
to light. Every year the ocialists learn better bow to
use tirem.
But most of all the growing numbers of the great
mass of Socialist voters back of their representatives
In the legislatures multiplies their influence. A few
thousand votes In a state attract attention, but give
no alarm. Thirty thousand votes are liKely to strike
fire, elect one or two to the state legislature and start
something. Even that "premonitory rnmbling" may be
B
disregarded by the smug politician!\ UNLESS IT
GROWS. But if the 30,000 grow to 60,000, and the 60,000 to 75,000 and eyery year keeps cr eplng up; and
worst of all, If while growing thus In one state 1t also
grows in all the others- then truly the alnrm ls out.
Desperate measures must be resorted to in hopes of
·stemming the tide .
. It is such growth that by and by causes the capltallst
and reform politicians to loosen up and throw out a
morsel to labor here and there In the shape of concession, some law that Improves labor- conditions, shortens hours a bit, Improves the wages a trifle mayb , or
perhaps Improves the method of the payment of wages.
The gains are slight at first. They are admittedly conceded not to emancipate the workers, but with the hope
of perpetuating their slavery. That is· the apitallst
politician's purpose, of course.
.But every galn Is an advantage. Every penny of
wages wrung from the capitalist masters, every mom nt
of leisure gained, every device to safeguard the workers' life and limb and health is so much of added resource to the worker with which he may fight for more
and still further gains. Every penny more means so
much better food, and better food means better health,
better blood, more strength and vllallty to the worker.
By so much he is a better fighter. Every moment cut
off from the day's labor .Is so much time gain d to st~dy,
to read and reflect-time to think, time to whet the .
worker's wit with which to match the power of the
capitalist class who have all their time to plot and
scheme and devise new ways of getting the better of
labor. By so much again the worker Is a better fighter.
And thus the more the worker gains, the more he Is
able to gain In addition. And this Is the way the legIslative program of the Socialists has worked In every
county where they have elected representatives tb the
law Ulaking body.
It is slow at first, of course. On that account some
grow inpatient. But the movement gains not only In
volume, but also In momentum. It gathers force. It
also gathers speed. Every day adds to both. Every
vote add!! to both. Time, patience, persistence, are all
that are needed.
To take account of what has been gained so far by
this movement-and we are only In tts very beginnings
here in the United States-Is to encourage and Inspire
every worker for the cause of Socialism. and ought to
settle at once In tbe. mind of every laboring man and
especially every trade unionist where be belongs.
A Glance at the Record •
'We haven't as Yet been able to gather all the data
on the work of the early representatives of the SocfaHst
party in Massachusetts, Florida and Pennsylvania. It
�,
The Western Comr d
7
Is known that some of the measures they advanced WeNS
8Uccesstpt and started movements 1or ImprOVed conditions that are going yet. Later on we shall ha e more
complete information.
But the trend and the extent of t.hfs ·work and its
lnfiuence Is shown sufficiently in Wisconsin. There, as
Is well known, th~ Socialists have had their l\,fOUP of
representatives in the state legislature for nearly ten
years. In 1907 the Wls~nsln Socialists had slx members in the state legislature. They introduced seventytwo different bills during that session.
FIFTEEN
WERE FINALLY CARRIED.
Among them were the. following:
1. A blll which provided for the erection of guards
and railings over dangerous machinery 1n factories.
2. A b1ll provid!ng that all metal polishing machines
shall IJe equipped with blowers and sufficient drart to
remove the metallic dust.
3. A bill requiring railway companies to equip all
trains with sufficient men to handle the work without
overburdening the train men. This was known as the
Full Crew Bill.
4. An eight-hour telegraphers' law.
5. A greatly improved child labor law.
6. Certain measures securing a greater degrlae- of
jus tice to labor through co~t processes.
General Gains
The above measures indicate the possibilities of political action with reference · to the cause of labor specifically. The whole problem, however, involves a much
wider range of activity. The Socialist legislative pro- ·gram sweeps the field, and the Socialist legislators have
not been without their laurels in these matters. For example, the following measures were successful· In the
Wisconsin legislature In 1911, bearing upon general
problems:
1. Municipal legislation. Fourteen different bills introduced by the Socialists bearing upon this problem
were passed during the sesslon of 1911. These provided.
among other things, for a greater degree of home rule
for the city, secured the right of excess condemnation,
enabled the city to embark In the public ownership of
certain public utilities, and gave them the right to
et-ure land and property wUb wbJch to begin the building of workingmen's homes.
9.
tate ownership. Socia.1ist.s secured the pusage
of a joint resolution for a constitutional amendment,
pro idi.ng for the ol!Ollership by the state of the lands,
mineral rights. water powers and other natural resoun::es. They also secured the passage of a joint resoluUo eall.ing for a
onal constitutional conTention.
3.. Political m
of a law
~
d
eiectkiD da.l
Soclalist.s secured the pa.a...
fo a
:nni!l~
initlatire and
for a bait holiday em
p~
that YOJDeD may
�--·
The Western Comrade
11
c..,;
had nineteen representatives in nine dift~ent state legislatures this year; 1913.
&ome of the legislatures aie strn in session, and it
Is too early to secure definite data on the work of those
uiat have 'recently closed. It is impossible, therefore,
to give a complete record of the bills that have been
enacted. Twb or three of the legislatures have closed
their sessions, others are still at work and others have
·so recently closed that it will he some time before we
can get the final results.
So far we have been able to only partially tabulate
the bills introduced, with occasional reference to those
of whose final disposition we have learned. It will be
some time before the record will he complete.
One or two characteristlc feature~ of the work in
the state legislatures this winter are new and worthy
of note . . For example, 'Ye have for the ·first time elected
a group of legislators in the states wlri!re the problems
of mining are uppermost. -As for example, southern
Kansas, Nevada and Illinois. This has resulted In a
number of measures being introduced into the legislative
program of the party, dealing with the problems of labor
in 1 he mining sections.
We have also for the first time elected representatives in the states in the semi-arid region, where the
problems of irrigation come In for 1:9.nsideration. This
again introduces a new feature In the legislative program or the party.
Another special feature worthy of note is the greater
care and comprehensiveness with which measures providing for the public ownership and operation of public
utilities have been drawn·. This is notably the case In
the w easure -.prepared by the legislative committee of
the Socialist party In California and Introduced through
their representati\·e, Comrade Kings leY.
Following is the list of measures, ananged by subject, and it includes 11ractically all of the measures introduced by the various state legislators, and constitutes
a pretty Olflmprehensive reriew of the entire Socialist
legislative program. as shown by the work of the Socialist legislators in the present sessions of the state
legislatures:
Labor
Hours-Eignt-hour bill on public works, Minnesota
(defeated); one day rest in seven, Illin.o ls, Wisconsin
(new); eight-hour day, universal, California (qefe~d,
new); Saturday half-holiday, lllino!s.
V
Wages-Cash payment, California, Washington, JJlinois (new); to compensate miners for time lost when
mine closed in enforcement of state taws, Illinois,
Kansas (defeated, new); assignment of salaries to married men, Nevada, Tlllno!s; semi-monthlx payment,
Nevada, Illinois (new); weekly payment, Wisconsin
(new); wages for public utility employees, Wisconsin
(new).
Women-Hours, comfort, etc.. California, Nevada.
Child-Abolishing, regulating, etc., California.
Mining-Providing for sale and delivery or black
powder, Kansas (passed, new); health and safety or
miners, Kansas (passed, new); abolishing compulsory
purchase of supplies· from company stores, Kansas (defeated, new); pro\·iding bath houses fer miners. Kansas
(passed, new); prm·iding for ventilation in mines,
revada (new); pro,·iding sprinkling devices and drill
sprays, with dry ores. Nevada (new); amending state
mine Inspection bill, Nevada (new); mine examiners.
Illinois (new); relating to sale of commodities by em. ployers to employes, Kansas (defeated) .
Giving right of action and damages to union employe, Kansas {defeated, new).
Unemploy d, furnish employmen£ in development or
natural resource· , California.
\
Bureau of . labor statistics and factory Inspection,
California..
Insurance-Employers' liability, California; proof of
injury, Nevada..
Submission of labor dl putes to board of lm~estlgll
tors, '\ isconsin.
Canceling of contract by bonded employee, Callfornla.
(new).
Providing for asses li1ent of logs In districts where
cut, Minnesota (defeated, new).
Safety in construction of buildings, Minnesota
(passed in amended form).
To prevent misrepresentation and false advertisements, Minn sota (passed). Montana (defeated). Illinois.
Bmployment agenci s-To mak charging or receivIng of a fee a felony, Mlnn sotaj'(defeat d); r lating to
bonding of mployment bur au , Mlnne ota.
Providing! for tleaceful picketing, in labor troubles,
Nevada, Illinois.
Prohibiting blacklisting, evada, llllnois (two. new).
Private detectives, Ne,·ada, Illluols.
Freedom in choice of JlhYsiciaus, N vada (new);
Housing, railroads, lumber camps, etc., Washington,
WiiConsin.
Advertisements In time of strike to contulu notice
of strike, \\'isconstn.
Influence In discharge of employees, Wisconsin.
Convict labor- Marking of articles, Wisconsin; wages
to dependents, 'Visconsln, Kansas (defeated).
Direct employment In rilles, Wisconsin (two).
Occupational diseases, forbidding us of white lead,
Wisconsin.
Licensing of englneet·s. Wisconsin.
Guaranteeing right to organize, Illinois (new) .
Union label on state printing, Illinois.
Right to boycott, Jllinols.
Union conditions on publ,lc work, lllinoll!.
Mu nicipal
Home rule in regard to municipal ownership, Call·
fornla, llllnois.
Debt limit, California.
Amendment of city charters by popular vote, Kansas
(defeated).
·
Municipal coal yards, Kansas (defeated).
Tax levy for libraries in cities of second class, Kansas
(passed).
Granting use of public buildings for meeting pur·
poses, Kansas (defeated, new) .
Tax levy for water works In clUes of second class,
Kansas (defeated).
Municipal Ice plants, Kansas (two bills, defeated),
Wisconsin {passed) .
Charter convention, Chicago, Illinois.
Municipal banks, Illinois (new).
Municipal ownership, telephones, ·wtsconsln.
Parle subways. Illinois (new) .
Street railways, franchises and rtgulatlon, Wlfconsln.
Public utilities, regulating use of meters, Nevada.
Deep waterway, Chicago. Illinois (new).
Legalizing park elections, JIIinois {new),
State
State ownersblp;-Raflroads and lndustrtes. Wiscon·sln (new); storage houses, Wisconsin; land, tenure, etc.,
Wisconsin; land by purcbase wben sold for taxes, Wisconsin; natural re1Jources, internal fmtJTovemenf. 'Kansas {defeated).
Debt lJmft, Wfsconsfn. ·o
State lf!e fnsurance·, UJinofs.
\ ./
�The Western Comrade
State ~ntlng plant, JU!nois.
Traffic, street and bJghway cro sings,· Kansas
(passed).
,
Constitutional convention, Kansas (deteated).
•Redistricting of state and election of legi(llators,
California.
Legislature, election of senators.
Industrial board to investigate cost of electric ranways systems, California (new).
Discussion and action on measures affecting interests of people in public meetings (new).
Abolishing state senate, Nevada (new).
Assembly districts, California.
Abolishing governor's veto power, Nevada (new).
Senatorial -districts, California.
Regulating cold stora:;e ;;arehouses, Montana (defeated).
PreEervation of timber land, memorial to congress,
Montanp, (defeated).
Courts
Legal aid in criminal cases, Nevada, Kansas (defeated).
Legal aid to poor, Nevada.
Suits for wages in county where labor was performed,
Washington.
Prohibiting injunctions in labor troubles, California,
Wisconsin (passed). Nevada.
Qualitication of jurors, California.
Grand jury, California.
Relief to persons erroneously convicted, California
(new) .
Relating to ·civil proceedings in district courts,
Kansas (defeated).
Election of federal judges by people, Wisconsin.
Prohibiting injunctions against public officers, Wisconsin.
.
Verdict of jury binding, Wisconsin.
Civil action without prepayment or fees, Wisconsin.
Preventing imprisompent for contempt, ~lllnols
(new).
Licensing court reporters, Illinois.
Preventing courts tyhig up union funds, Illinois
(new).
Attorneys' fee~:~ in suits for wages, lllinols.
Increase wage exemptions, Illinois.
Advatfcing cases o! persona~ Injury, I!Unols.
Government
Protection of game, Mlnnesofa (passed), Wisconsin:
Elections of . S. Congressmen, California (new).
Congressional districts, California (new).
Government ownership coal mines, Kansas (defeated). Wisconsin.
Government O\\'nership railroads, Kansas (deleated),
Wisconsin.
\.._
Elections
Election day a half holiday, 'Wisconsin. Nevada.
Providing employed electors opportunity to vote,
Nel'&da.
Certificates of registration, Washington.
Qualifi~tion and absent voUng, saruornia, Kan.saa.
Election boards. California.
Primary elections, California (nellli").
Forbiddiog non-partisan elections. CaUforfnia (new).
Election day a legal holiday, Kansas (defeated).
Education
Proddiog for night schools, Kansas (passed, new).
Boud for scbool di.itrict.s for paymeut of outata.ad~
warnm . Kansas (defeated).
Compulson; attendance. courses of study, etc..
Nevada.
Fr t xt book • Wi nstu, llllnot
School board alarl , Wl
n h\,
Trade school , ts on La .
Rallroada
Prohibiting ·pas s, Illlnol (u ) •
Rallroads to maintain !lllbllc om . lllln ta tl
Authorhdng ook ounty to build a rail
d,
sota (passed, n w).
Amendment for lnv stlgallon of tr lght t 11,
tana (new).
RaUroad Commission, r p al, N vada.
Promoting safety of trav 1 re and nwloy 1 ll)'·
Jatlng size of caboos s, Kansas (d f at tl, n ).
n·
gu.
Taxation
Exemption, California, Wls onsln.
Assessm nt, allfor Ia.
Poll tax, I' p al of, alltorula, N v d , K nso1 d •
featlld, new).
.
Sale of property for taxes, N vada.
Providing for paym nt and I'
lpt t tax 1 on nndl·
vlded Interests In property nt r d for
xatlun, Min·
nesota.
..
Direct Leglelatlon
Recall of judg s, Wisconsin.
Recall of munlcl)lal omc rs, Wisconsin.
Jnlttatlve and referendum le Uons, N v d
Amendment to constitutional am ndm nt
Initiative and referendum. alltornla.
ranlln
Domoetlo Relatione
Distribution of prop rty ot par ntl ot Ill gltlmat
children, Kan as (d teated, n w).
Concerning common law marrlngee, Kan101 (d •
feated, new).
Divorce shall not affect I glUmacy of chllctr n, llll·
nols (new).
Fraternal beneficiary socl tl s, Wlaconeln, llllnol11
(new).
'
Civil service, Illinois (n w). •
To change party nam trom Publlc wn l'llhlp t
Socialist Party, Minnesota (pa 1 d, n w) .
Loans to farmers from 30 Jl r
nt poetal I&VIDIJI
deposits, Wisconsin (new).
PublJc health, detlntng communlcabl dlt ale, M n~
tana (passed, new).
Abolishing capital punlshm nt, Neva4a (n w).
Reducing cost of llvtng by Jlmtnatlng wa1 In 4111·
trlbutlon, Washington (new) .
Public service commt.tlon, r p 1, N vat!# o ),
Agriculture, prevention ot pet!J, N Y4da (ntw).
Penalona
Neglected children, Nev da (D w).
Mothel'll' peulon, KanPt (d t ted. new).
Old age peuJooe, Kauu Cmemortal to Con~r H,
pa.ued); to Investigate, Wf.teoD.IIn
),
Co-operative enterprtse., Kaneu (p ted with
amendmeo.tAJ), JUI.noJs (new).
Co-operath'e mark IJJ.S ot farm productAJ, Wt.co In
(new).
Regulating dtatrtbuUon of. ne••· JJJ.taot. (MW).
Foreclosure of land couuaea.., WIICOUJJI (Dew).
AboU.~ sta.DdiDC army of CalttDroia, Catttonda
(new).
. Prohibiting .ale of 1J4uoq Ia paroeblal tcboot., Wf.._
coJ1IJn <J)I.IR4)
w.
CUrtafllng pcnrer. of CatlwJJc e~ IIJ ebureb aJrabw,
Wtaeoa..m( new).
�120
The Western Comrade
The ,General Stri
f
WRITER in the current North-Ameri- '
can Review sa)'s: "All human beings aim
_
at what has been called, selt-etrectuation.
It is the realization of their capacities,
J>
aspirations, hopes, wishes, passions. The
lower, the less developed the being, the
.
less conscious; the higher, the more
conscious Is it of this motive to action.
The range is from Instinct and appetite
to clear purpose and.ldeals."
._iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~
In the Forum for May another writer
has declared: "There Is being created for us an ideal
of life that shall_give full expression tci big men, and as
complete expression to lesser men as· they can unfold.
Every single revolt agitating us comes back to this
proposition. Every single revolt alms at gaining a right
to express that personality now."
Still another Forum contributor has said: "The
man who after a hard day's work takes refuge In a
novel, or a bit of music, or a wholesome play at the
theater, or who, of a Sunday morning goes to church
hardly knowing why, witnesses to an imperious demand
of his own soul. In every sort of business, men and
- women are rising from the weariness of daily toil and
are trying to fill the vacant spaces of their existence
with Imaginative visions of a better being for each one.
"Wherever the 111.odern Industrial system makes way,
there is the same unrest that spoke in Broadway two
weeks ago on the banner of the Garment Workers: 'We
strike for a better life.' It is getting on the nerves of
earnest people everywhere."
Ours Is a time when man has attained to phen.omenal
success In the conquest of nature. He has harnessed
nature's forces and made them do his bidding. He has
succeeded, to a degree that promises much greater
achievement, in making the air and Its currents servants of his will. He has well-nigh annihilated time and
space by sending his thoughts and words out Into the
ether to he transmitted, by sound or electric waves and
received hundreds an/J, thousands of miles distant by
his fellows.
But great as is the story of accomplishment the most
striking development at present is the growing spirit ··
of revolt-found well-nigh everywhere. Turn where one
may in the current magazines, whether the subj~t discussed be art, literature, religion, drama, politics or
industry and protest against the conventional and· established is increasingly in evidence from month to
month.
Periodicals, heretofore generally regarded as hopelessly conservati"e, .seem at present to vie with each
other in giving expre · Ion to radical thought.
Many men who loom large in the public eye because
of omcial or other position. from the President of t.be
United States down, .are freely expressin,g radical views.
Scientists and educators are joining the procession
t.nd adding th weight of their in.fluence and ideas to
swell the growing sentiment of discontsPnt.
Progi~essi'Vlsm and radica'llsm are in tlhe al1T 1llid
con ervatiism as a directing ~orc.e 1n buman 8ll'!airs is
fast Joslng caste and d:nlfiluence.
Ain edltorlal in a ~cent number of Lyman Abbott's
OutloOk i(leo1ues: "No tllougbtful man er woman can ltve !today :and not I' allze tb'at the old order 1s changdug and givimg ;place to the :nev; wlth tlbe rapidjty of a
A
dissolving view. All -t 111 flux, nothing at rest or permanent. The Nation tao s lndustrla.l changes;'' while
in the Atlantic Brooks Adams, grandson of John
Quincy Adams and son of Charles Francis Adams,
who is a professor of law 1\l Boston nlverstt ·, writes
on "The Collapse of Capitalistic Government," and declares that for the most part the act! It! s of the present are carried on outsld of and beyond the pale ot
the law; while still another writer declares that ours is
"a political system done to death by an economic
growth.''
Perhaps flrty y ars ago, Fred rick Engels, colleag\Je
of Karl Marx declared, that "th final cans s, of sootal
changes and political revolutions ar to be !l'ought not
in men's brains, not in mrn's b tter Insight into aternal truth and justice but in changes In the conom!o
system. The growing perception that el'IBtlng I!Oelal
Institutions are unreasonable and unjust, that reason
has become unreason, and right wrong, Ia only proof
that ch(lnges In the economic I'!Ystem have allently taken
place, with which the social order, adapted to earlier
economic conditions Is no longer In keeping,"
Sixteenth century law and twentieth century economic development, to use a phrase attrlbnt d to an
agitator lately much In the public ye among Am rl®n
radicals, Is the unworkabl probl m of the present,
An extrel!le statement by an extremist mo11t persons would declare. But, says the prof ssor or law before quoted. who Is certainly quallf\ed to . !!peale,
"Through applied science lnf\nlte tore 11 have b 11 domesticated, and the action or th se lntlnlte forces upon
finite minds has been to create a tension, togeth r with
a social acceleration and concentration, not only unparalleled, but, apparently without limit. Mennwnlle
our laws and Institutions have remq,lned, • in substance,
constant. I doubt if we have developed a lllngle important admlniatratlve principle which would b novel to
Napoleon, were he to live again, and I am quite 11ilre
we have no legal principle younger than Justinian.
As a result, society has been squeezed, as It were,
from its rigid eighteenth century legal l:ll'lell, and lla.s
passed Into a fourth dimension of space, wber It performs its most Important functions beyond tbe cognizance of the law, which remains In a space ot but
three dimensions."
Thus, it w111 be seen that the pre11ent 8oc1al problem
Is to so enlarge tbe skln or envelope of tbe socia1 organism, eonslsUng of its taws a.n..d IW!tltutions, as w give
free opporU.mlty !or .s till greater growth and exp.anslon
of those limitless forces of prodtJctlon whicb applied
sclenee has· brought into tts eeonomic 11fe. Ju ot.her
words w make Ute legal ptJntsb.tnent fit tbe ec.o nomlc
crime.
But whlle the fact of revolt, its nawre and tb.e Q.I!.VS.e
of which it i.s the effect h.ave been W.dic.ated, tbe.re Still
remaius the goa} sought, tile eJl.d to ibe att.aiJ),ed.
Sodalists declare, and rightfully, ·th.at t)Jere is ~
class Btruggle. A struggle on the pa.rt of tlle exploited,
the down-trodden and oppressed 'worJrJ.og-class p,rtmarilly for bread. A ~u11ict between w co.r.wmic sys- ·
tem ~·hich ha~ rea.clled lth.e JPeliiod .of Jts de.c aden.c e and
a new BiYBtem tb.at ha alread;r taJken s.h.ape tlAd tor,D.l
wH..b in tih.e old and :PUShe_s it§ w.a.Y .OJlWM~ <t.o\\·.a.r.<I ifl,.
evitable bi.rth.
.A pureliY mate.ri~ s.truggl.e for a IJ)\I.r.el:v ~atefli.al
�Tbe Western Comrade
l 1
for a· Better Lif
end, say th.e unthinking, whether inside or outside the
Socialist movement.
·
or this there can be no doubt from one aspect. Animal need and the urge for bread comes first. Man
is a physical being before he is more. Physical necessities must be satisfied first. But who shall say
when. or v.'here in his niture the animal becomes human: the physical merges into the Intellectual and that
into the moral o1· spiritual? · When does the struggle
for bread become one for bread and-; at what point
does the struggle for existence become the will for a
more a·uundant life; the impulse to live, the desire to
live g1·eat ly; the strike for life a strike for a better life?
In the animal kingdom below man, warmth, sunsbipe,
shelter and food mean unquestionably only material
comfort, hut at even the lowest stage in human deYcloprnent these suggest mucll more than materialism.
!'hysical we11-1Jeing is the first goal because a condition makin~ possible all farther growth and progress.
El'ery single re1·olt tllen is not only a strike for life
but a strike for a better life. Eacll individual is striving for self-realization. \Vhat ever potential life or
(lower may be his, this it is in his nature that pushes
for expression.
As the life inherent in the roots of the rose bush
pushes its way upward anti outward in bush, branch,
twig, leuf, bud and flowe~ revealing itself in beauty
of form and color and richness of fragrance, so the
potential life in e1•ery human being seeks for fullest
xpression, striYes to reveal itself in and through all
that pertains to the individual and his activities. ·
Self-realization, self-effectuation, realization of capacities. aSI>irations, longings, hopes, in short the completest personality possible of attainment and to
reach this goal not in some far off Utopia but here
and now: Nothing less wilt' satisfy.
And where economic system, political institution,
tradition, creed or poverty restrain or hinder, there Is
revolt.
'TI a re\·olution, a world revolution that is upon
us, a yet in its formative period. But all who are In
tbi • world trike for a better life are revolutionists.
\\'hoever is working to express his special energies, to
attain the complete t personality possible lo him, in
order that be may live supremely. Is esientially a part
of this eon tructh·e revolution.
The inescapable fact in the world today Is the class
truggle. As Vlt.-e President Yarshall said the o her
day, "Karl Marx and hunger are abroad In the land."
Tbe new pages of en::ry newspaper. every day, tell
the lOIJ of the pilifnl trugg)e for bread. And In 110
far as this world conJlict is a struggle for bread aiCIDe
i a cl
eonllict-a struggle between the exploitand the exploited classeS. 1 is a eontlict between
who produc:e and th
who 01m the wo ld"E
.-eal ; hetw
those who 01m plants and
es
ey do not use and
cise •bo m
IDe bnt cannot
own; ~een labor
d capital; the baves ao.d
is a· univ rs
In
"'WI! eaDJlDt tnltlle tn our pttltdplet, 'e eaa
compromf.te, OD act'
t. 'lt'Ub ~ ruJitlg SJ'fl
We IDWit break wWa tlJe ruU
q
aDd
U to :a.
#
DO
14...-IM
t,.
ots.
.
&
..
.
••
-
�122
The Western
amra de
Organizing the "Capacity of
Co,n.trol"
The recent meetibg of the National Committee
showed a new spirit and purpose developing within the
Soc:lalist Party. It is the impulse or the legislath>e
and administrative spirit awaking within the political
movement of the workers of the country.
"This spirit has shown itself in isolated localities,
while in some others it has been sadly lacking. 'i\'lsconsin has proven its own ·development in this respect.
:l[assachuset ts has r:onsiderable of this new spirit, ami
it is spreading in other states, such aa :llinueota. Montana, l'enn'sy·Jvania and New York.
'
I nwan the spirit and put:J)ose whicll grasp the rein ·
of politkal power with a distinn purpose of making
ti'I'IUin usps of that power, as opposed to the purely
agitational spirit which aims orily at unseating the old
drh·ers of the capitalist reg-ime.
In tht> innPr work or thP party this was manifested
as ne\'er before at the mpetings of the National Com mittee last month at Chicago. lt c:ame out In the
handling of the Bessemf'r case-In the forbearance, yet
firmn ess. with which the erring comrade was shown
th e limits of his insolence. It developed a new patience with details in the hours of patient study given
to the details of the Lyceum Course, and the eagerness
with wlrlrh th e members of th~ committee drnnk In all
the information which they could extract from Comrade
Katterfeld and the various one reporting from the
state organizations.
lt showed Itself In the restraint with which the
printing plant proposition was handled-the capaci-ty of
self control in the presence of a great idea, presented
by an enthusiast who was master of his subject-for
that is what Comrade Baker Is.
Every one of these problems was fundamentaJiy a
problem of party property. Bessemer l:iad been found
wrongfully in possession of party property. Katterfeld had been managing party property. Baker showed
how to capitalize the party organization. by adding
some capital for a printing plant, and create more
party propertY.
The committee understood Bessemer's act, and Its
imJ)lications, and acted--on the basis of the previous exJ)erience of society with those who misappropriate propertv.
·
The committee understood Katterfeld's difllcuJUesand the dimculties of the national omce-in ·working
out the new problem of a lecture bureau, and condoned
the mistakes. They also took Ume. for the first time,
as Katterfeld wd, to look tile_.a dmillistrati\\·e dl.fticulties
squarelY in the f.ace.. Then they backed up the enthu ia t and organizer as they ne,•er ibefo11e ha·ve <done.
with the a;pplloval----and the specific :lnstruetiom;-cl the
natianal organ.i!:atlon.
'The committee lf!at~ed ltbe possibilities of modern machaner.r as ex:pl\essed in tlhe poss1bllitles of a modern
perfecting press-and sa'\\· that the proper operation
- of !fucb machinery cans for a correspondingly perfect
• macMnery of 'fJali;y organization and propaganda method. 'rh!:U' 111eallze.d after titt Wilso.n had tl.n.lshed that
tlhe pB.Tty •w;as not W"et "assembled". O!V adjusted so a-s
to meet tbe llr.e.in wl\lic'h the mere pos.session of &ucb
a !Plant wouJd purt UJlOO it. And so the_y ·Tery Pl'o.PerlY
l'efused ~ tlh1s 1Jime to ''hl"tcih "UJl."
lf
By WINFIELP R. G, YLORD
E,·ery goyernment tbat e\'el' lasted mare than three
w k bas done o because it has been able to "make
good" as tb governing power. - ow, the principal
business ot \·ery such go,·ernment has be n to make,
interpret, :xec~1te and enforce laws-ninet~·-ti\·e per
cent or the laws l..lelng 1aw11 about property. Of course
.t.ey ha,·e. In the main, made thcHe law~ In tht> interest!!
of th people who constituted the governhUl group in
society nt that lime. The fact that they l'OUl<i •·make
good" on that job was what ((Halified tbetu to he the •
gorernmenr.
\\'hen the law!! Of Jll'O(lC'l'tr 111'£1 aolmade, illlt:'l'!lff'ted,
xecuted and enforced that thPy hverfm•e too much
with the proper l ~o of Jli'O)lett~· by those who hold the
ultltnntH control of the powerH or gorernment at the
timP, tho go\·emment whlt'h thu s falls to "m11ke good"
goe11 down.
The only hope that tlw ~Miall~t~ ha\·e of ~>ecuring
]lOwer aH a ]loll tical 1110\'enH•nt · 11:!, that the Did nartles will fall to 'Ro make and enforce the laws of nrouerty as to meet the needs of the neonl of onr clllY .
The on ly hope that the Soclullstfl can h~tve or holding
polit\Cil) power aftet• they ~!'Clll'e )lOSI!eaSflln Of the
government Ia, hy ''ma king good" on the job of making
and enforc·lng the law!! of !lJ'Oflerty fot• ttw general welfare or those who may give the Soc!aliflt party its power.
The Ho-callcd "perils or democt·n.ey" have to do mainly
with the democ•ratlc ownen;hip, cornrol and ma.nage·ment or property which muat he used h1 common.
The non-Socialis ts do not hollev In tbe no~sihillty
or democratic administration of property, Their· democr·acy or ownership an represented by the l!toc~
holders of the corpon~tlons, Ia always tempered by the
absolutis m of the board of directors and the "Qten
higher up" In the management of their property. And
out of their• unfortunate experiences with. th.ls cmnblnation they bave ·brought a who)esom~> fear of "tbe mob."
Democratized management of property Is not an
easy problem. But It is being solved gradually, in
nicipal and other forms of IHiblle ownership; and ,also
in the great co-operatl ve movements of th.e working
class. DemoeraUc IW1.nagement -is JJossible &!lQ is practical. That l.s being proven and te-sted more every (laY.
But the dtsc!pline of the industrl!l.l armY must be as
etrective under a democratic control QS un4el' 41-n .autocratic control. Otherwise .tne social-democracy \\'Ui not .
"make good," and wm go down.
.
"'To see this discipline 4en~loping w!tbln tile raJ;tks of
tbe cboic.e.st -a.nd most representative cb.ara.cws i.u the
American SociaUst move.n.tent is a sj.gbt calculate(! to
glve joy and ligbt-b.earted root)del:lce 1o those \1-.b.o bave
eyes to -see H.
Our tasl! wm not oJ;tJY be to thtd indiYiduals vdth ~
great ex.ecuth·e capacity. Our tas.k is now and w)ll
always be>. to de\'elop also witbin 1be working class a
c:a.pacit-y for or.ganl.z,ed self ~o.ntrol \\"Jli<'b wm el;Ulble
them rto m:a.tc.l.l t..b.e perf.e.ction .of tuo(ler~l Jl;l;l,acbil.uery
bu.ilt ol -steel and brQ~e witl.\1 a.n equaLlY perfect social
.m.aabiue for the opera.t;l.on a.nd coutrol of the meW
mu-
meob:a.n.ism..
'J'Jhis dane.. "ourea.u.oracr" <&.nd '~te Sodalis-m" hav£>
n0 terrors.
�The We st e rn C o
The
. ReVolt of
.
[!]•
I'!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'IMM the tip-top of his elgh • ears senioritr, Laurence Gordon gaed ac.t'QS: the
table at his sister with frank dlsappl'O at
The deftan~ in her brown eye remained
~ undaunted. She had ju t announced her
~ her intention of golng to work and tbe
determined set of her mouth forb~tde hl
laughing at her.
"I tell you, Alicia, it's nothing but
spring fever. I bad it every May when
1 was your age," he confessed paternally.
The girl shook her head. •· · ot this time, Laurie.
You don't understand. J want to get oat into the world
of men and women who are doing things. I must expreBt! myself .somehow, just as you do. Some women
ca n do It In roast beef or doilies or afternoon teas. J've
tried to but I can't." She leaned forward coaxingly and
sm ll1•d a little. "You are going to give me a job on the
paper, like a good boy." Her brotl)er threw up hls hands
und laughed, but she went on. "If 1 couldn't write better
articles than some of the stuff appearing In your subsidized j<?u1·nal, brothe?' mine, I would go off some placf
and gently expire." Sh" rose from her seat and stood
_looking down at him, cheeks flushed and eyes restless .
.. Rt>nwmher, my dear. I stood just as good a chance to
inherit some of fRther·s ability as you did."
Gordon rpfused ·the logic with a stubborn shake or
his head.
"'l'hE> bnsinE>ss and commercial world is no place for
n woman," he declared emphatically. "lt hardens them-''
Alicia Interrupted him quickly. "Really? Why, I
hll.\'
read some place that there are about six million
women working for a living in the United States alone.
Jf they can stand it I can."
· Her brother turned in his chair to get a better look
at her. For a moment he was silent, and Uien he said
quietl~'. "I always thought you·so contended, AI."
The girl hrugged her shoulders and strolled over to
th ~·lndow. "'lth her back to him. she answered, "Not
lat ly. Tbi &fternoon, I went to Mr . Saunder '. You
know the lady. Well, there were twelve ladies, elgbt
mal person and one man pre enL It almost stifled me
and I'm ick of it. One~ ju t grin and grins at Idiotic
nothings unm one· face assumes what Emerson called
'the genU t asinine expression: My face actua1ly burt
J came a ·.ay and ~ed it."
Gordon grunted aQd sank back in his el!air- "You
sound like Edv;ani Carpenter and a sulfragette raJJy,"
b e claimed in disgust. "'Women are the limit. Wbat
on artb do they want these da,J's!"'
_
"YO
nd Uke
openbauer." be retiJJ'Ded and
th
Jaugbed at the exp
o his J:aee.. ~u·s uo use,
Lamie. rm
t to the haWits of amiable parasites toT-
• • • •
• • • •
·oen
e dropped a
•
his forehead and staned
door.
""'h,
• be eaUed
bd c1osed it,. -,..bo
at llrs.. Saii.DC!11!!1'S" todaY!"'
- A liaD w1lo
to
too lllllicldY f«
l!itra,g::lfll! rur SliJ;ft'J._:Y
• • • • • • • •
.j
--
-
j
�·1
Tbe Western Comrade
1:24
most recent divorce aeandal or a bank embezzlementall things ar which tbe"'great world stopped and stared.
Onoe, after a particularly hard day, her brother
asked 1f she eared to go on. ,She nodded her· head and
was sUen for a moment. PresentlY, she said, "I've
learned. that I can't solve the world's problems or even
my own problems by going to work, but perhaps this
experience will show me something that wUl."
After six months Had passed she was given charge
of tbe "Personal Queries" column during the vacation of
its manager. She found herself in daily demand for
everything from freckle lotions to love potions and at
the end of the two weeks felt thoroughly at war with
that portion of society which takes its advice from the
family newspaper.
• •
• •
•
•
•
•
•
On a drizzly November evening, ten months after
Alicia's entree into pressdom, her brother madE' an
announcement which set her hearf pound!ng.
..
They were sitting at- a hurried supper in a little
restau1·ant near the World .office. A new play wa~ to
have its Initial performance that night and the World's
chief dramatic critic had suddenly and thoughtlessly
taken ill.
"Thomas is off to the Colonial. new musical comE-dY. Da,·is has already started for the Philharmonic
and Miss Keith is getting that Club Convention report
ready now. Can you beat it? Everything coming the
same night,'' grumbled Gordon. ''This play is going to
be the senRation of the season and we simply must have
some competent man there."
Alicia's cheeks flushed slightly. "Can't you get
Kelly on the phone?" she asked. Kelly was book reviewer or thE' World staff.
"Out Of town," re{J'Iied Gordon.
Alicia leaned eagerly across the table. "Laurie,
don't think that I'm crazy, but please let me go. It's
Hudson's play and I understand him. P lease," as he
raised his hand In protest. "·L isten, if I don't make good
,
on this, I'll give up the work, right away."
"My dear AI, no one knows you. \Vhat would your
name at the head of a review mean to anyone? Besides, they would accuse me of partiality."
"They know you too well," she answered.
"It's no use, AI. If you fell down, I would get in
wrong with the chief. I'll have to bustle up someone
who Js known."
"They all had to start, Laurie," she insisted. "Take
a chance. Be a sport," she wheedled. As be showed
sign of weaken!r.g she reached tor her coat and gloves.
"It' aU settled. l'U trave the story in by ele en-thirty.;
r,m too ·e xcited to watt and it's almost -el.gb.t now, Goodbye." Before he had time to protest Go'tdon found
himself alone with his troubles and his 'deml•t& se.
• • • • • • • •
On the foUowin& morntng, Grant Hud on scanned
the papers eagerly for the reviews of his ftrst play, Before openiag the pages he knew that It would be mls·
Interpreted.
The "Sun" critic in glowing metaphors proclaimed
anew the "great American play.'' He wrote at length
of Its richness in artistic imagery ·a.nd symbolism, although anything akin to symbolism liad been far from
the playwright's mind.
The "Enquirer" man saw nothing but "a prosaic
piece of economic propaganda" without literary or artistic value. He wailed at length ()ver the r alism of
the modern stage and sighed fo1' the good romantic
days of yore.
1
The "Herald" relegated the pro~uctlon to "highbrow" soc! ties a1~d declar d solemnly that such could
never satisfy a tired business man.
Hudson swore softly at the tired bU111ness man and
threw the papers down ln disgust.
"~lore rot, I suppose," he mutter'ed, picking up the ·
· World with a hopeless air.
His eyE's paused a moment at thE' heading and then
waJ~ ered down the column .
• • • • • • • •
So someone had undeJ·stootl . Someone had felt with
him the slav ry of an expr·e~sionless life; the tt·agedy
of monotony; the common, unheroic and unbeautltul
stoicism of a scented bud that may not op n Its petals
to the sun. It ~as more than he bad . hoped' for. ltito
this play of his, Hudson had placed no gr at shining
joy and no deep stinlng catastrophe. He bad tried
simply to picture the unlovely life of a working-class
household, Its soul-destroying round of petty cares;
Its over-banging cloud of fear for the morrow; its Isolation from all the beauty and lnsph'atlon of the world.
His eyes sought the head ot the colull}n ag~ln .
Alicia Gordon- Gordon? The name was famlllar to
him, yet be knew be bad not seen It ln print before.
For a moment he tried to recall the namell of various
women whom he bad met In the past year. SuddenlY
be remembered and his face grew red with etiJbarrassment.
Five minutes later he was on his way towatd the
World building and tbe office of the dramatic critic.
GREAT SOLDIERS IN GREAT CAUSE
It is a. great thing to conquer difficulties and overcome obstacles when in pursuit of purely selfish ende.
But wnen Inspired by zeal for a great cause for human
uplift dliDculties and obstacles become but stepping
stones on the way.
It Is undoubtedly true that self-preservation came
first in order o.f development. But it I!; likewise true
that the growth i.llto alU:ulsm dates from the tfme when
life . first left a unicellular ft>rm and set out toward
manifesting itsel!! In ev:er growing complexity of form.
This is the essential meaning of eivilfzation and today·
there are many men and women who wo.utd wllllldngiy
die i! thereby th-ey could serve indltividuals or the race.
It is me-n and women oe this chBiracter that a ~eat
cause ~or human llPli!t creates.. Mien and women wa&
are neEther fanatics nor martyrs but lUTe fns-pi'red b:t
such passionate love for humanity as to cause them to
place upon Its altar tfme, enfrrgy, talent and tr need be
life Itself.
The international Socialist mov ent contains thousands ·of comrades who Jiving are wholly committed to
Its Interests and whom neither fear of physical suffering nor death itself can sever frbm thP-fr allegiance.
Gre;lt sold!en In a great cause-cause worth all the
IQ'Yalty and devotion. It !ns1>i'res.
M·r . Dooley glives it as his opin1on that "if the lmJ)lTOVemenU Iteep on there
soon be Sll{:h !acUities
tor tra.ve.Ung that anlY&ne can go anywh-ere fol' trothin'
an' come baclt agln rel" half price."
wm
�The Weste .r n Comrade
The Movie Revolution
I'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ }IOUSANDS of red-cheeJfecri;irls, blo~des,
brunettes, tan and short, natural and
"made up,"' Bit In little glass cages with
one hand in a pfle or nlckles and the
6
other on a..TJ. endless roll of paper tape
In thousands of motion picture theaters
that cover every city and hamlet of the
~ .
country, overflowing into every other ·
country on the globe. It is the invasion
of the movie. For back of these girls
ao;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;il out in front endless reels of pict'\lres rut
and flash over the white canvas while millions of people pour out their nickles and dimes for the privilege
of seeing. The movies have outclassed baseball in point
of popularity. And: into this reeling, flashing, nickle- piling amusement the Socialist propaganda Is to be thrust.
We are to have "red" movies!
The me&Sage of the revolution is to be put before
the endless throng that passes In and out of the motion
picture theaters in every part of the world, da,y and
night. And out in front the cherry lipped blonde or
the haughty brunette will tear off tickets and take
nickles and dimes for the privilege of seeing the story
or labor.
A startling contrast it will be, this jump from the
gun-play escapades of Dead Eye Dick and Piute Pete to
the man in overalls whose aim is to overthrow an entire social system. But the dramatic possibilities are
th re and that is the chief reason for labor's break into
llimland.
As this story is being read the finishing scenes are
being staged in a great six-reel film, entitled "From
I usk to Dawn,'' In the Essannay studios at Hollywood,
al., near Los Angeles. The film will tell the story of
labor's struggle in this metropolis of Southern California;
a story than which there never has been one more
dramatic.
_
Within a few weeks this film will be flashed on the
screens of theaters all over the world. It will be seen
in New York and London, Montreal and Johannesburg,
Paris and Keokuk. Those people who see but never
read will be given their first lesson in Socialism as they
,it in the half-dark and watch the big picture reeled otr.
This film will, in itself, constitute almost an evening's
amusement.
Fitting it is that this great film should be produced
in .Lo Angeles. The city is a home for moving picture
companie . One of the e great concerns .employs a
thou and people. Another has an entire "city'' of motion picture people. Thousands of f~et or Him are manufactured e;ery day by these companies.
In the film, ''From Dusk to Dawn,'' hundreds or people have appeared. Aside from the professional acton~
and actre e who ha;e taken part. hundreds of Soclali ts have appeared.
ociallsts whose races are known
all over the country, and e•en In other countries, have
ppeared in cenes already taged_ The illustration produced with thi -article shoW' one scene in which So<'iali
appeared almost exclusively. A great convention scene -was staged -.r.ith Socialists. In numbers or
• other seen Socialists have '9QSed for the camera. And
he wonderfUl part of the tory is that the_ have inl-ariably had he greates
eeess in uansfonnlng themSl'l
'IIIOTia!.da.v foiJi in co
on pursui
into
motie Thespianthe
es Q1Je.. Among the Socialtbat have
for thi~ series o plctures are Job
B. \\W:oiL Fred c. U'beeler. ~
T
H. A.. Bart.
1:2
barrow-
aDd nearly
A SCENE IN "FROM DUSK TO DAWN"
to amuse and to ln11truct. Tn
movie as an amusement Is est.ablllh d. Th tnovf &II
an Instructor Is just coming Into Itt own. Ana Jt wm
be successful as an Instructor b cnuB It amu11e1 Whll
It instructs. It makes learning a pi a.ur • Tb "nonl"
and the "nears" will watch t.he m 111 g eagerly wb n
they would not listen to It tor moment.
While "From Dusk to Dawn" 11 tb real biJ vrodpc.
tlon just now, a number of smaller ftlm• ar b tns mad
and will soon be ready for the 1cr n
nd the mtlllota.
More are to follow and before long tb r wut b "r 4"
mingled with the blacka and whitel ot J
world'•
movies.
"WUI thlB ,venture be a sucecu?" 1 have b n alked
often &ince I began the wrltfng and productfon ot "From
Dusk to Dawn." My an11wer fB tbat J know It wiJI be a
SlJccess. That mncb ts auur d already. But to COil•
vince yourself you need only look about you aiU! wltn.e••
the growing radJcaJI•m tbat t. pu.bfn.c ttulf up tbroup
the cou.ser:vatltlm on very band. To be,Pn wttb there
are 5,000,000 prople tn America wbo are SOdaiJ11t.. Tb.tt
includes chlldren-but ebJJ4ren are sre.at JOOt'IB "ltln•/'
Aside from these there are rnfJUollfJ JJWre who are
tinged trftb the ftamJq- color', aDd be,-OJ'Jd tbeJoe daere
are other mlllloJd Who wlJI wate wf b ~ joy
film portrayal of uy nbjeet of mertt,
We ate going to take Soda
berM_. dw ~k ol
e trorld on the rlsf tide of
k poJIII
J,
'rt ue
~ to JDUe tlie ~ leu • •
ftw Wlof,
We ~ goiDg to
tile 1D01'ie r~.
a twofold purpose. It Is
�126
The Western Comrade
-
~
PADRE .BLA
I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I A.MPO was astir with ;aqueros from the
·
border region, for "'ith the beginning
C<e·
of the next week would open the big
.
roundup on the Laguna ranch, twenty
miles away to the north and adjoining
the Rattlesnake ranch; and It was Saturday evening. · .
~
The saloons were doing their usual
roundup business. .The bars were lined
an·d gambling table; filled. There was
no rowd)(.lsm. While there was much
drinking, the spirit of good fellowship prevailed. It was
a sort of reunion, for these cattle wranglers pa)lle from·
different ranches and only got together on occasions
of the big 'l'outldup at the Lagunas.
Dutch was the latest arrival, and as be stepped Into
Fallon's joint he was gt·eeted with a hearty welcome.
Dutch was a big, clumsy-looking youngster, with the
strength of a full-grown steer and a disposition as
· smooth a.s-- the pink skin that covered his round, fat
face.
Dutch did not drink, but was always ready for any
of the pranks or contests so prevalent among the
grown-up children of the range. .
As he entered and shook hands all around, he was
seized by Chiquita, a massive Mexican. Chiquita had
been the undisputed wrestllng champion of the border
section until Dutch at the previous roundup laid him
on his back ftve times within an hour. The big Mer.:
lean was in a playful mood. He had not been looking
away from the wine that is red, and was overflowing
with ·exuberance.
"Coom, Dootch, we mak'. de wras'sle," he chuckled,
as he seized his husky conq\leror of the year before
with an under hold. ·
·
·
Dutch leaned forward, clasped his hands around
Chiquita's waist, lifted him from the floor, and threw
him over his head, landing him on his back on a billiard table.
As the two giants grappled, the . saloon door opened
and a ta\1, broad-shouldered, well-dressed stranger entered. He watched the brief contest smilingly and when
Chiquita had arisen and swung himself to a seat on the
bUUa.rd table, said in a pleasant voice, "Pardon my
lntru ion, gentlemen, I am a minister of the Gospel, and
dropped in to invite you aU to attend service In t.he
chool hou e tomorrow at eleven o'clock."' .And looking
the massive Dutch over with the ·eye of an admirer of
ph,y, leal development added, as he stepped toward the
uccessful gladiator, "'·ith band eXtended: ..1 wlsb to
congratulate you. 1 love that sport. U ed to 'WITesUe
some iDlY e1t. You are -wonrlerlitill:Y :strong .and elever:•
W'b.lle DutCh stood blusbill;g at tbe polite oom1pllment
and holding the tn:nger's ..hand. tihere were queer
gla.noes -passlng .among tbe onJbolrers..
lit -w: s F.allon, the 1proprietor. who spoke.
• ay, Mr. Preacher, 1 ~ yon what we"il.l do. U
:YOU"1U ~AS"'ie Duteb. 'tb.e:ne, J1l clOSe UJJ itih1! jolnt !before
elev;en tomor-now .and we 'ill go ;and ihear lVDU A"ky-,Shoot:'"
"'You lbet we wall~ Wii.D or ause~·· renthusl.astllcaiUy II'e:s:pond.ed ~ me-st. ~hlle Chlguita Bpll&:fl"g lfu\om ltlh.l! ~-
co
· THE
lla.rd tabl , slapp d !.1\ PNaober on the lloulder ana
added, "Sl, Senor Pad~; me too!"
The preacher mlled and. looking Into Dutoh'i\ ~oe
said simply: "I'm willing, If tbla g ntl ma:n Ia, 1t
would be a pi asur to v u loa to such a &plendld
antagonist."
Dutch blu h d and nodded bls wtlllngueaa, · The
pr ach r r moved his long coat, collar and Ue, anct
outer shirt, and there wer
·clamatlonll of lil\lrDrl e
and admiration at the dev lopm nt ot Arms and bodY
he exhibited.
J
Dutch lost all or \lis mbarrassment, a th ord r,
"Go to It'' was given by Fallon. H sprang toward the
preacher with th ~glllty or a light-weight and trl d or
a ·body bold, but his arms wei' skllll'ltllY thrown orr
and his OPPOMnt at pp d nimbly aalde ntnl!l til 1\Pplaus of the astonished &nectntors,
'Tb pr acher soon saw that Dutch Willi! unwl1111 to
the holds of professionals and r solv d to use no bold
except those with wplcb Dutch wRs fl)mlllP.r, which
were body-grapples, depending upon sp ed, liltr ngtb
and endurance.
He was kept busy on the defenatv , for Dut h Willi
doing biB best ror a chance to match 11tr ngt)} with htm,
which the preach r wlahed to PI' vent untll be Cl!luld
grapple In a manner that would give him lUI quBI
chance with the h rculean German.
Changing suddenly from tb d tenlilve, be elP!I d In
and they locked In a body hold, So int,nll Willi Ute
struggle that It seemed to strain h v ry tmospb r .
Chiquita stood with legs apart, bent a11 1t In B grapple, and tugged and Panted . a11 though hlmll lf B CQ!ltestant.
For fully llv.e minutes the gladlator11 strgJn d w tbout seeming advantage to elth r. Then, llumm9Dl
hi
full strength, Dutch hurled bl11 ant~onlllt to tb
OJ',
But It was a disastrous move tor Duteh, By a IIIJ)JJ)le
twist of the body, the preacher turned, and wJum tb
two bodies cra.s bed to the door, 1t wa11 Dutcb'll broad
shoulders that greetecl the hard 1111rf~e.
.. The second fall was secured Jiy tlle pre cll.er, ln
the Identical manner In which Duwb lled djsPQ$eli .ot
Chiquita, with the exception that tb.e v~ .._cber fDr~d
Dutch to the under bold by pw;blDg lliJi anm; downward a.s be 1t'U.81led In,
"You wtn. Domlnle," s.ald·Fallon, ae h.e ~~pped tn.t
indi;-tluat on tlle ba k, ''It wu eur,e mtb ta}111g
atl day in a protr&et.ed _me_etln' to W4tcb yOU tWO ht.~skt
wra.s'le. We'll be on haad tom.orrow ...~ ~let> JJ., 4~
you eau go the 11mlt with the b_ea en-h.erdJ,!J.g l~ngQ."
And sure enough, ~.Jt m..orJ:I1Jlg tb..e JjJt~ se,h.ooJ
houae was·cro Aed, w1tb aU the F~lo11 delega.U..OJl pr,ese.nt. wihllle the 1)reacaer £41.tle.d th.em \\¥1111 31'J. lnst#"l,l_CtJve .and entel\ta1.Dlo.g &~ur.ae <O.Il "Jo&..®b W.r.esWng
Wtth the Angel"
11hat eve:ulng t~ \PUD.__e"lleTS J.e!t C& P <f.or t};l.e J.4..
gu.nas. !le.d by Dutch and Ch.I.(,JuH;a.. wi.tb 1l.b-e iJ>r~~~er
be.twe.e.n _tJhe.m.. 'for the gs.o.g 1\ad !ll.doptMl W.w c&.A.<l ~
si~tte.d lt ""\\'8.11 tlib.e 11l.r.st tbn.e lflhe.r l\ad ~ er &Ot wl.1"ibJll
roplng dista.n.ce of. a .g..e.n.ut.ue g~J....\1,~, a_n..d -tb.er
ndt.o:ne.d ~ w.a..SJil• t it.alr ito Ohtib '8.1Ul ~e b\l.ne\1. \lJl at
�.The Western Comrade
~
P~REACHER
IES O:f
PADRE
B
BL4NCO STORIES
the ranch not to enjoy the luxury of knowing a preacher
who was plumb wise to the heavenly outfit and could
flop Dutch two straight falls.
*
Padre Blanco rode* up to*the Lafu~s,
where his two
sons were helping on the roundup. '"""""re was ·Introduced
to the dominie, who, decked in blue jeans, was wrestling
cows by the branding fire, at which work he had become almost as ex1>ert as he was in wrestling humans.
He had become well acquainted with Dave and Bill
and learned from others considerable of the fine character of their venerable father. So when the Padre in,·ited him to ride borne with him in the evening and he
learned that the branding was about tlnlsl:).ed, be accepted the invitation.
When the two men reached the bead of the trail
that led down the side of the mountain into Rattlesnake Valley, the sun was sinking toward the surface
of the ocean, which was distinctly visible sixty miles
to the west.
Below them the peaks of the lower range threw their
slanting shadows downward Into the valley, like figured
carpets of variegated green; beyond the bills and mesas
shimmered in the golden evening glow; while the rays
of the sinking sun dancing on the water and overspreading the background of clouds produced an elfect
Indescribably beautiful.
So they sat, while the sun sank slowly between the
liquid gold of the ocean and the gilded cloud wall; and
threw upward a last flood ·of colors that deluged the
battlements of the sky like the spray of a sea of r~lnbows.
,.
Then silently they urged their horses Into· the downward trail.
,
_
Arriving at the ranch bouse, Padre Blanco prepared
supper, while his guest stood in the doorway and
watched the peaks that rimmed the valley darken with
the evening shadows, while the sky above seemed to
weave a satiny canopy, gemmed with twinkling golden
tars-an ampitheater fa.s hloned by the hand of Natare. filled with the spirit of eternal peace.
"We will eat now," summoned the Padre, as he
stepped to the preacher's side. A smile overspread bls
feature when he saw the absorption of his guest, Indicating that bis oul was enchained by the charm of
the valley's environment.
upper over and the di6hes cleaned and put away,
the two men sat until midnight in conversation.
In Padre Blanco the preacher found a rich mine of
experience and knowledge, and the preacher In turn
delighted his host with his wide acqua intance with
politics. philosophy and science. and his brilliancy of
conversation_
·when the conversation was finally turned by the
preacher into a dl:seus~ion of religion. the latter was
for.. moment hocked by the Padre' simple reply to
the question: "May I a k as to your reUglous experience!..
'"I have none.'' &.DSwerecl the patriarch..
The preacher 1niS pla..i.DJJ' puzzled ''Are you. then.
an unbeliel'er!• he asked.
nvlronm n Is a dorn"I do."
The preacher was disturbed. "That Is a d ng roue
doctrine," he contended.
The Padre was silent a mom nt, and r pi! d, kindly :
"Please do not misunderstand me. It Is not do trln
with me. I have no doctrines. I only thlnlc, 8 my x.
penence, observation and judgm 1\t s rv m . I do no
seek to convince otherr1."
"I would be pleased If you would t 11 m WllY you
place such .emphasis on envlronm nt," urg d tb
preacher.
.
"Beca e this valley, the hllls", tho ran e 'land, wUil
all that attaches to them, are as n c 1111 ry to m
J
the blood 111. my veins. Becaus In other Uv a 1
tb
elfect or environment. The Wee rn r Is mor th.an
geographical term; the cowboy, tb ranch r, the min r,
the clergyman, the lawyer, tbe gamb1 r, ar tb tnw•
nation of the elements ot their respective r almt of e~
tstence. Because my study or history and sci nee co vlnces me that the characterlstlCJ~ and fn1Ututtont ot a.
people are lnnuenced largely by even tb phytlcal formation and locaHon of Its country,
"Mountain rc~.nges, desert ttr teh I; --lar e bodl
ot
water, by separating peopl have b
aum.clcnt to
develop different charaetensttca and lnltitutl"'''
... "The difference between Europe and _..fa, Jn dt'fJJ·
zatlon, Is the result of the dl.trerence In nvtronm t.
The conformation of the former II auch u tD ncoura
intercourse between ber vartoue natJmtt and t
worJ4,
whUe the great mountain range. of Alta, her 1'Ut plafa.,
and b.Ji!r oceans ao broad u to c!flc.ourqe th earl
navlgatOJll, made lu terCOUJ'IIe Jea favOJ'&bJe; b
tlul
lower cl Ulzatlon of Alia.
uls It not a tact that t:
clvfilzatJon of the ~ b
was as much the product of tbelr Jan4 at of the stock
from which they orl,ginally .prun~?
"Did not the Hebrews t:b.emselvea prcwe
tonu.
euce. or euriromnent In their adoptJoD of tb f4f Ja~
praetfces of the heathen peop
with bolD the)' u
In eoutaet!
"Sodety u we know lt 'IOctay ts bat tiN
t6tal
#
�12
of the conditions and circumstances that have environed
t he race since chillzation began."
L!.Vou have Jiien reading Marx and ha\' e imbibed his
phtlosophy," interrupted the preacher.
"Yes, I ha,·e read Marx. I am still reading him. But
I did not arrive at my ideas
environment because of
)lim. I c.an see no other interpretation of history."
.
"Do you mean to say,'' and there was a note of
challenge in the younger man's voice, "that the only
forces that have controlled the evolution of society are
tho materialistic?"
"Indeed, no," r eturned the Padre"; while I can see
·DO rational interpretation of history without the predominance of materialism, I do not deny the influence
of ideals, of religion, of patriotism, and yet even these
are mainly the products of this materialistic environment."
"Where, then, do you place faith in the development of ind ividual character?" inquired the preacher.
"Faith," replied Padre Blanco. i-eflectively; "Faith
is defined by. the Christian writer; Paul, .as 'the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not
seen.' Faith does not refu te the influence of environ ment. It sets up an ideal and proceeds to attain it by
intelligent and consistent means. Faith sees distinctly
the mountain and 'the difficulties that must be met to
remove it. Then it proceeds to adjust the methods of
removal to the difficulties encountered. Faith without
such works is dead."
He paused as though expecting a reply. but the
preacher remained silent, and the old man continued:
"I do not think the church can effectively meet the conditions that are corrupting individuals and society, until
o1'
she reCQgDl7i6S thls fact-untll St\e ~p.hes herself to SQ
changing environment that it wm be easter for t.l\e p,eQple to live clean and no_nest Un~s,"
.
"But" queried the otb.er, "it eiivh'Qllll\ent i sucb a
powerful element in atrecting individual ahd sQci~l de~
tiny, bow c.an it be change(\ by the cr~tures or Its in~
fluence?"
'Progress is the siruggle of intellect and energy \q
adjusting environment to the advancewent of indi\'id~!ll
and social man. Intellect enables man to di (ler~;~ his
condition and the influences ·responsillle fol' t4at condition, and urges him to d vise methods for remo\'lng
or remod ling it,
"Thi valley is an el\ample or environment. Wb.en
we first came her there wer no ronda, Our iaolatlon
was increased b cause or this, and because of O\ll' itwl!'tlon we became intensely domestic in our !lal:Jits !\Ild
ta tes. But th isolation of our environment dill not
prevent us from building l"oacls, which our lntel!ept told
-us we ought to do, and with the roads came a o!la11ge
in our habits. Neighbors b g~n to visit \Hi and travel ers to puss this way nnd atop wltb us, and we beca!lle
social bel~gs in !\ hug r s ns , With each cl:Jange of
envlronm nt came a chang
In Ot!r nabit!l, In
our thinking. and to a degree in Ollr cl)araoters, ~~~
th wl:Jil w have been cha nging the valley, the valleY
has been corr apondlngly '.lhanglng us,
·•society Is tills vall y on a larger scale, Put 1 t us
retire now. I have found thot til llaf f!t phllo!lopby Is
that which Is mo!lt Implicitly obedient to tbe demand!!
or nature-and aleep is on of her moa~ lnf!iatent ~tnd
agreeable dAmands."
Disarming the Pessimist
By CHESTER
was very f.ond or telling how
grandfather did things. He seemed io
find relaxation and comfort in recounting the b~rdships that grandfather bad
~
to contend with and nearly every one
of Henry's acquaintances was thoroughly familiar with the manner in which
Grandfather Brown lived.
"Yes," said Henry one day, "grandfather came west in a prairie schooner.
No transconUnental railroads in those
days.
o cushioned seats to ride across the continent
on; no bu!Iet cars. no diners with refrigerated meat all
the way; no three and four day trips. 'When you travelled then you didn't go and buy a long ticket; you.went out and packed the lva,gon and bitched up the
horses."
So Henry would go on relating incidents of life in
1the 1ia,ys of grandfatl!er. Henry was fairly !}msperoll.S
as ·prosperity is reckoned.. He !had a fair lmsif.ness, be
dressed well and went w the tileater when he ear-ed to.
H<e was :a man of tile middle class.·
One ni.ght Henry wa~ t,emng :atbout illlie inl!ness f ,n om
whicll lhis grandmother rliied. GTl!iii'diailier had gone ten
miiles con h'Ors.e hack to g<et :a <doet.or. "In s u'C'h a ease in
m:Y tiome.,•• said iHeDJry, ~II W(i)U] d me1·eu~ reach for the
ille1e:pbon·e 'IU!d ilie <d@etor <would come !iJn J:rl.s autom0bHe.
GrandlfaltJher mever us'Cd :a telep'h0ne -aJIJ d never s.aw 8lll
cS.'U\1i0mo'bUe. at was niDt un1i'l ihe >~·:as wellJ ,along !iJn years
&:at \he ll"ode on -a £imeet Cll11"_ ••
[!!]
H
P.!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I ENRY
l.&..:...aJ
~M .
WRIGHT
One night a storm W'l'ecked a goon· portion of the
electric lighting a.ppal'atus In Henry'B town and IJenrr
went to the store for some tallow candlea, "Gra.ndfatiH!r
never used anything but tallow dlpB a.n4 k-.eJ•o.s~me
lamps," he said.
' Great central power plants and lfghUng pJunts llnd
heating plants were but little more tllan wild speculations. Of course there were packing Plll.nts jn those
days, hut they were !!mall In Mmpllrlson to tbe estal:>llshments of t.oday, Ye.s, t}lere were fl-our mlll.!l an4
lumber mills, but grandfather wa.s thrifty And w)l.ep h.e
built his bouse be cut and bewe4 mo.st" pf. bi~ own IIJmber. When he WaJJ.ted tLoiJr }le took bls I)Wn w)l.eat w
the mills and bad it ground. paying the miller. o~t ot
the ttout tbus produced,
Jn !act. Henry'JS .grand!a.tber was a go0d de.a l of an
all-mund per.sop, Ill. J>om.e tbing·s ll.e 1~eeAed U~e wor~
of otber.s and tiLe tbings otll.er m.a.de, J:>ut it w~sn't pfwn.
Of e,ourae .be ib.ougbt re.l!-dy malle st.o.es and r~agy WPYen
clotil and n~.ady made dothe.s iJl his law~· Years, b1,1t i:Jil
!his b.0yU.10od eve11 .sucb. tbtlf.lgs Jilev,eJ· pt.ered the ~me
i10 their 11:inJshed s~te. T.bey were mGstJy .r:o.a.de )~~;~ UJ.,e
home. iWber.e the Bkm 10! ,otlbe.rs was lU-ee.de.d H wa Plli.d
f0r mostly lilll work-wJOr~ tor work, sltm wr ,sl<iJl. Tb.ere
·wa.s mJigbty dlrtrt:le i@s1: between Iie.nfy"s 'g)raJJ.d'( a•QQ.er a1,1.d
the men :f~·om ~rhom he s.e.cuJI"ed tb.e 'tb),ugs ib.e col,l]i.d JJ,ot
make !Wmsel.t
'!I'~l.ere weJ;en't m.8J.J~' to@l§l used t)l,e-,n~~t ~s. JQ.@t 1.t
.w;eart varjel!y 10! te.o ls. The lblac.KswdtJ.b \'11b.O w~s 11.
• ilil~lg\btb.(i)r, made ma.l)-w of. ·tlhose 11l.b:at were jo us.e. iae
�'fhe Western Comrade
likewise made the .!::'..agons andtfrandfather often helped
at this work, or made parts himself in order to save
expense on the job.
Of course Henry didn't mean to say that. he would
care to live as g~andfather did. He wouldn't care' to
·work as hard; not as many hours a. day and he wouldn't
care to live without the conveniences that he had been
able to surround himself with. He moerely talked of
grandfather because grimdfatlier's life, away back there
in the pas.t, was somewha.t pit:turesque and because now
and then he was able to draw a lesson in thrift and
frugality from it. And among some people Henry seemed
to create a profound impression.
Henry n1erely goes to show what a very long way
we have come in a Yery short time. Henry didn't ·need
to go to a historical library to find' out about the days
of hand looms on which all the family clothes had been
made in the home. By word of mouth Henry had been
told of those simple machines by a man whose clothes
had been made from the cloth so produced. Henry
didn't have to take his stories of Indian fights from
books. He got them fresh from his grandfather who
had fought in them in the east af!d from his father
who had fought iu them in the west.
Hen ry was accus tom ed to the things that all of us
look upon as commonplace; he lh·ed where social production was the rule-where all the big tasks of the
world were performed socially. But Henry had been
told of the days of individual hand production by a
man who had lived in those days. Looking upon Henry
and his g randfather we see that in the space of two
rather full lives we have come along through a maze
of wonderful changes with amazing rapidity. In the
space of these two lives the wage system has budded,
flowered and fruited-to the point of decay.
Some people there are who, seeing the same things
ihat H enry sees, knowing th e same things about the
past that he knows, believe that while we have progressed satisfac torily in some things, we have failed
woefully in other directions. Putting it in another way,
they belie,·e that in our perfection of the machine of
production we have progressed admirably, but that in
our use of that machine we have bungled amateurishly.
Some there are who have become so ·depressed that they
are at the point of being willing to break the machineat least to rip out a few cogs.
Of coursP. Henry himse lf has gathered wealth with a
fair amount of ease. He feels no great pinch anywhere
and has taken no particular pains to inquire about the
reason for anything. He will remain satisfied so long
as his moderate incorrie is not molested.
But of the others there is a great deal to be said .
They see the change in mode of production and they
understand it. On the other hand they see that the
change in mode of production has benefitted only a few
persons to any great extent. True. it bas changed the
methods of living for almost everyone, but it bas greatly improved the living of but a small proportion. The
entire present .purpose is to point out that, while all
who see the vast improvement in conditions that it is
possible to have must wish and strive to bring about
such conditions as rapidly as possible, and while at
r t imes we may bemoan the fact that our progress is not
more rapid, yet, looking at the question fairly and
sq uarely, our progress is satisfactory and we have
come as rapidly as we have been entitled to come. That
means, of course, in relation to labor's progress on the
political and economic fields.
The Socialist movement as a whole, of course, knows
that the change from capitalism to the co-operative
co mmonweal~h is coming steadily and at such a pace
'-.J'
129
as the change in economic conditions may determine
aided for the first time in history by the intelligent cooperation · of those who use the machinery of production and distributio"n.
The story of Henry serves merely as an illumination.
It is by way of casting light over the road that stretches
back into the land of Yesterday from which we have
just come. And we find that the road is rather a short
one after all. The Old Oaken Bucket is used by some
,of us even now a,nd my own eyes have . seen a wrinkled
grandmother tending that treasure of colonial days, the
band loom. It is a short road, ·after all, that we have
come over, and as we think of it we have well nigh exceeded the speed limit in the coming.
But there are those among us upon whom despair
has fastened its grip. They declare that the Socialist
movement is rankly conservative and they rage at him
who will not countenance the destruction of all present
institutions in one cataclysmic crash. They want sabotage for breakfast, dinner and supper add "article
two, section six" is a CO!jlstant red rag in their faces.
Syndicalism is their miracle worker and a loose bolt
in the mach inery the height of their ambition. The
reason for this is not that they are on the pinnacle of
our most extreme enlightenme nt. ahead of the prodding
procession, gifted beyond tho rest of us in the philosophies and sciences and filled with the enthusiasm
of the ultimate deliverers of the race. No, it is simply
that they are discouraged, des perate, befogged.
It avails nothing to ignore the fact of the existence
of ,such people. The ostrich neve r has been noted as
a strategist. The philosophy of despair has fastened
upon a great many antl we may as well face the fact'.
The world has come through many economic changes
since man began to walk erect. Man has come up
through many changes in his mode of life. The individual chase gave way to the hunt in packs and
tribes, and tribes have given way to nations. The hollowed log bas been replaced by the turbined leviat han of the seas and the patriarch of the family bas
been replaced by the elected president of the republic.
\Ve have moved:·
But not until now have we moved by our own collective direction. Until now each little cycle of progress whirled itself along the highway of the centuries,
gathering speed unto itself blindly until it crashed of
its own momentum into the next cycle, that in turn was
destined to grow and gathe1· speed and burst itself into
its s uccessor.
E conomic changes have always been at the root of
human advance. Always there has been a master class
and a subservient class. Always the· master chiss has
determined the economic condition of the toiling mass
and taken to itself what toll it could from labor. This
toll may -have been in skins and cocoaimts or in dividends, but ilways it has been the fruit of productlv,e toil.
Economic changes have come without any intelligent action on the part of labor. Labor has found its
condition changed as modes of production changed, ·but
it has been ailent, powerless and ignorant whil~ the
deep curre nts of economic change went on to work
their way toward the light, carrying the unwitting slave
ever nearer to the point where he might awake and
have a ha~d in the making of his own destiny and the
shaping of the next change in his conditions.
So we stand today at the point where labor, collective labor, may take the first conscious, intelligent,
studied step ·in the flow of economic change. This time
it is natural force directed by _int~Ijgent mind!
Into this wonderful situation, this unparalleled opportunity, black despair would rise like a blighted shad-
.
�...
~The
130
Western Co mrade
/
ow andi heave boulder as blindly a . dfd the lirst savage
ho refused to diivide-'he fiuits ~ his bunt.
The pfdlOS4!PhY pf despair. I believe has its fotmdation in two sonrces. One or these is S't:arratioa of body
and the other is lack pf perspecti>e in viewing e"eonomtc changes. The teacher appUes the wrong measure
to time and change and the pupil accepts the wrong
measure as.. th~ right one-on an empty tomach.. An
empty s tomach is short-sighted. .
Jt was to aid in straightening the perspective that
the reminiscences of Henry were brought into this article. While the clouds mar look dark and forbidding
ns W(• toddle along with our head bowed: while the
road may seem ·hard and tortuous as we wend our weary
way at nightfall,. we shall find if we straighten up an9
fill our lungs with pure air· in th~ earJr morning that
the sun still shines In the heavens and that it will be
!!imply a mauer· of time before asphalt will r eplace the
rnuddy ruts of tlJP road that so htirt our tired feet last
nil-(ht. The person who .can stand ' up and get his per!>peclive right nen•r loses his grip on OJltimism. A
. straight pe rs pcctii'C is the best tonic a weak philosophy
<·an have.
We must understan'l this thing : That H~ry change
ill mcutal life, yes, eYcry cha nge in religious life; every
· r~ mngc that com<'s up where out· heads iue. follows·
soule c hange in th e life, o[ toil down where our hands
and feet ar(~. And if we get our h eads down too close
to 0111: feet we cannot see clearly what is going on
there and we shall he all at sea as to what is to follow UJl a!Jol'e.
The doctrine of economic determinism is pretty generally at!cepted in these days, but not so many have
s ucceeded in keeping straight their idea cif what ought
to be the relative s peed of actual change in the form
of machinery and by whom and how that machinery
is to be run. The fact is that the master class has al-·
ways held to the form, (or law), under which a g iven
economic change began until changing economic condltlo.n · compelled that condition to again give way befor the ternal pressure of change and move.
I am not one to stand back and· say, "Hands off and
ail will come right of its own accord." Not that. I emphasize that we stand for the first time in human history a t the point where we are capa!Jie of exercising
conscious )lOWer in the direction of U1e next step in the
e}•olution of society. The world bas never known such
a thing; it is mar~elous beyond compare. The big thing
is. tl1at having this matchless opportunity, we must
not sink our head back in the muck and refuse to see.
We must not hiss in the face of the goddess of light.
We must bend every energy o the intelligent· direction of the changing sociai heave. And as we strain
and strive 'to bring things out aright we must keep
:an eye on biistory and an ear to the i!>.'hisperings of
e~ern1t:y.
This
'
as
not a world of a day. .A lifetime is lbut a
are but flecks on the lfoamiing sea of e.ternicy.
We (()lllln" measure wor~d <Chmges by ltlhe cl.ock We do
not :sa-y !thait lfeudail.ism "ex]pired at ten ®• cloc:k .eastern
fla h.
tin1e, .A'l.rgus.t ll, HU. W1e do ne>t saw ifu:at d.be era of
IC'a.IPitalll m !began <On M&ldh 411h., il on, nor .shalll 1we
sa,y ttlhat !he co-o:per.ati:ve 'ooma:noniWeallth 1w'illl lbe us'ber<ed !I'D. 'WlrtJ'h tfitltii:n,g ceremon3es IWiith tlte com·en:iJng (()f ltlbe
dirst Sooia.Jris.t <Congress on .Aipriil ifi.l'slt., 19[i;. "otlb1ng
l!l1ke 1!J'halt eve1' ·hlliP:PeDed <or <el·er "1'11jjj)JJ lhaJlJ>en. And ttihliB
iis rtJ'he 11'-eason.: lllloonom'ic 1dham.ges 1do llilOt lhappen r;n•er
llliig>'ht. 'lrurey evo'lwe din B.1lil :age. 1l1h ene lis -a ,diM&<en oe.
.tAmd ttihe 1011e IWbo :st!llDds trp stJr.adg\lrt Jllll.d llec).k-s "1'\>li.tlh
~ue .<e:y.e lOVer ltlhe oad liJJ'tro tilDe ]last .sees rtlhiis : ]il,o age
as ii'isan ttio -,tlbe ttimie ,of- uits •deca.w s0- J:i!iPidll\Y as caaliitall-
ism.. The chang,~ b.a , been. wQll.de.ttlll @ its ~·;ufdity..
The.r& is nothin d.ep:re !Si~ itt tb:a\ 'l.'ll.el1'e i eve.~·y.
~ heartening in U Fo.J..' change is. etew.al. lt' i ~\~
wa.ys. ·ith us. LU i~ Qhauge,
hal.U~~ wtn Q.Qt !itOc\1
wi.ll uot even paus • lt m \St go ou And. g(),\ng on tt
must bring new . thi.ng
Capltallsm. nas ~c.Aed tts
perfe Uon. Chang now cannot bl'lng m.oxe o~WJtaUsn'\.
It mu t bring something new, 'l'b.e \'
tl\ougnt brtn~s
song
tbe heart an(\ ex.ultauoe to tl\e tnteUect. Fw'
we ta.nd witb hand on the le\'el' Utis Ume tQ 1\irect the
to
change.
And how ar we to cl!r ct the changeY WhM will
be tbe con ·clou a t ot' ours that shall IH•Ing \Ill into
th new order? H r again we PI' \' , b; tile vei'Y U!\·
ture of what w know or how tne change will come
that it must b an int lllgentl; gnided . change, .AH
hange befor has come witho111 the k n of l!l\\'. Brpoks
Adams makes the point in 11. way in an a1•U 1 in th
AUa.nUc Monthly for Atll'll. He says: "1 d<lnlll If ' •e h!lve
dev lop d a single ltnJ>Ol'tnnt nclmlniRtl atlve JW' !! l!lle
which would lJ novel to NaitO\ on. w t•e ne o Hve
again, and l am quit sure 'f!l IHI\'e no I gal IWi.nciple
you nger than .lustinlan."
But in tho coming of tlt nrxt chntl ll'e w m1111t (levelop an rntirely new and revoltllioru.\t'Y arln1illil3lr~tt i ve
p1·in ·ipi and onr mes h or mn at;v legnl )or mtl!l~ h
torn away. and r plac d by I gp,l bottnda bqilt fra111 pn
cntil· Iy opposing angle. We nr• facing r ni revolution,
We ha\'e come through th ngo of capitali!lm D rfecting ottr conomic machine uy \'lll'iolla 11te p11 and
stages. Labot· as a colle tlv IJody hp,d no Intelligent,
self-dir cted 1 art In the building np of the economic
machine with which we now wor•)(, W e 11tanq now w!th
that economic machine well n igh p ' rt ot, With th
perfection or the economic maclline hilS come t)l
awake ning of lah~"' J,abor ha:> b orne awa1•e ot the
macliine and it hafiiJfound out whal It Wllllt~ tP llo with
the machine. '!'he ne wness of that fuct )1111$ not y t
borne in upon all labor, but takan · IJ.~ a collectivity It js
fairly familiar with the con<l illon, The nen :St D p~n
be none .o ther than own rshlp of tbe machln at hand
'rbat is the purpose of our desire, We l)ave'!o!Jn4 tbat
the machine has Its chief valtJe In it:S ownershiP; that
the privilege of working with. the machine is b · re!t of
its pleasure when OWIH!I'shlp lJ ~ elsewhere.
o WfJ
want to own the machine, lltJt those who own it now
have hedged themselves behind .a blink of law iMP wb~c)l
no new principle ha.s been in_sti)Jed :SJnce t!J.e time ot
Justinlan and we find .our b.attle.tield lal<l for u_s ill t~
realm of law-making, 'fbere t mar~ed tb.e ~Hiferell.~
betv.'een t.bl.s and all previou:S .c!J.,a.n ge,
We are engaged in changing tb..e )aw. We l>rJ )g
about a partial change ea.cl1 tJme
coJJ.~UveJ,Y ~P~T
lint-a a !lle'\1' tine of eadeavor--e-ae.h ,tj~ g~, ,c ity u.y~ ~t_s
water works or elee.tric ~i.g'bt plant. Tb..e . .oompk ie
change wm ~we oome when .all tbi~s .coJl~U~·eJy ,us 4
.sb.aaa !be c ollectively owae.d .and <lieJU.o_efau_cy..Jjy ,a..di.nipjstered. W.e $'e mo,v.iJ,l.g aad WE ~ire.ct :IJI)_e mo,t:i.on.. )l'n
1tb..e light of llil$tory man ae¥er m.o-ve.d ,willl.Q u.cb m,arwe.Wus p.eed. "il.'ihe pessJwist ils .<l~S.8) .e.d.. 'NA_e .op.~
mlst lis jus:tmed~H he ils a lfi1;.htiAg ,op:t:i:ll,l:lst. The .9.oe..
mrine t0f d.e.spair il..s <f.lb.e .<loctron.e ,o!. ;r.este.~;O.a~ ~d .of. 1tl.b.:
m'R'Il of .Y<e.B.terday. IRe .c0uld ll:I.Ot :aee bis lfu.t•v.r,e ;a,ud
c.ouna Jhav.e ll:lO !P:8J'l 1.n tJb.e ShlljP.iAlg .of :i.t. c.oli< ij,v,eJ~.
lBut 'tlb.e ltllue optJ_mist ,does lll.O,t Jlll.~ t.lJ'e ~I'OJil.d Ah..~ges
by l\ours 'lllo.d ltlbe ,e volutiol;l o.f erAs •b;y ~a~·,s. ia,e ' g e,tts
fllhe !light IIDeaSW<~ 1!h.e ll'igh:t W\iCIW- OO:l;l[t ~Q ttJ.b..e Mt t
ilnt~etami®. Am.d GillE .sees t h.at rt!Q.e tac.e ®a.r ·s 1/.l~ dt6 W.s.torJi:c lllillt&on '~ tlb s.um ·e..nt ~~ ~1,\d \'Ji.~b
a &\\'lin~,g ~;tu1ide ltJl\ll(t w )ll lt>..e.:tiJ.: ttlb..e ~c..e.t~J @$.
'8.it whldll :it W0tik-&.
w:e
�Tbe Western Comrade
1
.Judge Oa1·y, main tnf>gul of the 'te l 'fru t at
tlw govemment heat'ing for dissolution of that
t I' IIIII, ltas Pxprl'iw1c d difficulty in making what
lw ,. Ia inu; ns thP trust's policy of fost ri11g comJll' l ition, while it has b come the niost powerful
t t'liMl ia tlte wol'ld, quite clear to the aYerage
ll ll illl.
l't·t•sidPnt. Wilson, it is said, has perpeti·ated
tit" f'olloll'itJ~: '"l'lt c tr·ouble seems to be,'' lt c said,
"tlint I'IOtnr lltf•n at·c taking joy rides h1 their cor .JI,II'Iil ions. '' .Afi it r •medy he suggests tltat the
J.rll'~''l'ttm •nl IH'I1 Pt' slop fining iltc automohilP ~nd
!J,.,,d n pnnisl~iug-1lw jo.y l'id r. " How would it do
t'ot· I IJ., Pt•r>si lr•nt to net upon some of hi happy
ittspil·at ions fllld tn lk about them aft nva t:d.
'l'lt • .Jun et·op rl'port of the Department of
.\ got· i\·ttllttt'(J say.': G vernmcnt xpel't estin~ate
this ~\' t'lll''~:; hnt·nst will be 744,000,000 bn hel , of
wltit·lt 4!l.. 000,00 lm h >] will b wint r wheatIt 1'1'\'0I'd .fo t· t.hi
•t·op-and 252 000,0.00 hu hels
will he 1winn- whcnt. But, ala it i. no long r
1\t•t'l'll •c ot· ~·i ltl that int r t the hoi polloi but
tIll' HtnU ll mntt 'l' r th pr~ e. to be demanded hy
tlh' f1 Ut' rmd b1• !ld l'U t.
.Apt'O}
Now that the gov t'nm nt l1nR d cid d 1o dis·· '
ontinu the 'l'aylor y tem for en ien y • ecr ta1·y of Comm l'Ce Redfield ha · devis<'d a new sy tern. He says: " fany of us are not using to tlJeir
full the productive powers we out1·ol. 'l'h · rpeu.
and women in our factories are endow •d with r ason, interest , judgment, imagination, att ntion
and memory. Has a d liberate 'ffort h eu made
to try what the responsive fore of tltc~:~e pow r
are to patient and inspiring leadership 1" In oth-er words, continue exploitation to the utmost limit but try and make the workers f l so go d while
it is being done that they will themselves render
the O'reate ~ pos ible a sistance in the process.
· ome of the Los Angeles kept press and Big
Bu ine~ generally are greatly exerci d over tbe
faet that one of the organs of apitalitrm bas
charged that th~ new mayor of that city was eloot-.
ed by the underworld. nclt publicity will injure,
they declare. But there is no wor4 of complaint
from these soure concerning the faet that the
_juvenile court of that city has bown by its reeords that d!J,ring the _past ,-ear under the role and
of Big Busin
over 200 yotmg prh, *»Be
of them as young as 14: and most of them under
han been ruined. Could a worse blow be
struek ~ a eity' life-! Yet hese ..ailed jams
ne\"er winee a publieity of this eh.araettr bued
on .fad..
re!!'Il
�1:12
The Western Comrade
AMENDING THE ORGANIC LAW
liE proposition to amend the constitution so
that amendments will be more easily obta iu eu is one of the most pr·actical measllrl•s yet proposed hy tile progressives in Congress.
'l'll c plan int r·oduced by Walter 1\L Chandler, CongT,·ssm an J'r·om New Y ur·k, "provides for three
111dlrods of. in it iat iug arnendmcnts; hy Constitu1ional ~·o11v e n t ions held ever·:¥ thirty yeai·s; by a
11rajor·it.v v<ite o[ hollt houses· of Congress, by onefour! lr o[ th e stat('S. So proposed, these amendliH'IIfs ill'l! !0 l1e S1lhlltil!cd to a popular YOte at the
---.,.--Brst ( 'on~r·t·ssiunal <'lection, and for adoption,
IIIIlS!. ro•t·<'in· a nrajority of the fu ll vote cast and
also a lltajorit.v of 1h.e vote in . a majority of t h-e
statPs. ~'"''"I.Y to have a matter of this ldnd propns"d is 1111 <!dtl!'ation. 'l'hc·wny "the free Amcri''"" p<'oplt• ., han• t ied t ht·ntsch·cs np to pt·cvcnt
t hPIItst·h·t•s from doing what th<•y wish to do is
llllliiZIII~ .
• • •
COMMENCEMENT DAY MEANING
T lS hc.autiful to wat<llt the young men aud
wom en as they pas.s from one year· to another· iu high school and college.
J•:xpcrienccd teachers will testify that there
lll'l' howcvcl', Yet'~' f w who give evidence of real
maflu·ity 11ntil w ell through t he college course.
The · ft-c hn<.'ss' of the aYe rage 'ophomorc in
eollt•gc is proverhial.
Yet the Ya t majority of children do not cYell
<.'lllt•r high sehool, much les college.
The mt~ltitndc mu t remain undeveloped or
get tht'ir mcntnl hrcadth and str ength from hard
effort or hardel' knock .
"lt i like the hlo oming of beautiful, wondet·ful flowers, " , aid a teacher after li tening to
. the work of a graduating cla from an advanced
chool." I am exultant that I have had part in
growin.-r them.''
Will it not be gloriou when we can know
when Nwh u 'C -iYe JUne comes that all the
,y outh of the land will in turn commence life with
the fullest cultme and :finest training th y are
capable of taking Y
Will it not be even more joyous to know that
each will have found the line mo t to hi ta tc
and capacity and can be sure of a place in the
industrial army that serves the common n ed Y
Utopian ?
ot at all.
.Jt is much more practical than the tragic, law.
less, disorganized, m ethodlc.·s method we · irugrrle
with today.
The economic waste of pre e11t day society i
bad ·enough; the human, :piritual waste i.
worse.
• •
...
faf
LOS ANGELES ELECTION·
wit~ its hc~dless
ticket at the finals, was good Jl!ustr.atJOn of
certain principles littl e understood. The
party was gr·catly pleased to clc t a Councilman,
Fr·cd .C. \\'h e lcr; it was even more jubilant, probab ly, o,·er the fact that more than 5000 vote. wct·c !
c:ast haYing no vote for Mayor·. In many ways it
has hccu shown that the metropolis of Southern 1
C.:alifol'llia has f r·om 3o;ooo to 50,000 who vote the .
Socialist ticket. Why then should it be a source
of gratificatiou 'that i:iOOO will not vote for: nonSocialists?
'~hat is a long stor·y, but sul'fa<:c r·easous m·c
apparent. .
The JH'cssure was great. "Are you not going
to lrelp keep a · cle;m city1" said one side. "_1\re
you not going to throw out the ol<l gang and
blunderer. : " said the other side. \
·
"\Vbat, not vote fot· the man pledged to public
owner. l1ip ?" said one side. "Do you not want
to ee the new paper crowd downed?'' said the
other . ide.
uppo e the party had yielded to the pressure
and taken sides 1 Now there would bave been a
yawning chasm in the party and discord foreYer
. after with no good attained.
Ti~e will pro•e to those who voted for the
suece sful 1\fayor that they but p)ayed the game
of hig and little capital. Had the other sid~ won,
HE Los An ...eles election,
�The Westetn Comrade
the · ' Socialists" who voted for that side would
ha\·e found they had but pulled corporation chestnu ts out of tbe .fire.
The unbroken solidarity of the party standing
for the workers and knowing what it wants and
hO\\. to get it is the only effectiYe final force.
" Cmcial issues" and "vital crises" will always
be £· rea ted to divide the ranks'. ''Save the city
from the vicious " and "turn the rascals out" will
en·1· he pet slogans of "Things-as-They-Are."
[uti! Labor realizes that it has no interest in settlin g capitalistic squabbles and shows that no
1·ri!'s for help can r each its ears from that cAmp,
it \\·ill never win that wholesome respect that
fo r1·rs change.
lt is a cause fo r r ejoicing whenever 5000 voters
in a r ity see this cleal'l_y.
•· ' -
• • •
THE OPEN SEASON
llE man is to he pitied who can r ead of the
catches mAd e by the fish erm en th ese days
- and not f eel a tug at his heartstrings. Cooped up in office, store or workshop during th e past
months, one day out in the open under the June
skirs would nerve the ami with fresh vigor, put
new light in the ey e, and a renewed courage in
the heart. It is routine and drudgery that kills.
1\o more can th e mind· endure the constant, steady.
st rain of business than can the muscles of the body.
'rithstand a strady, continuous pull. And th0 relation betw een miiid and body, although not yet
st rictly and accurately defined, is beyond question
a wry -intimate one. Action and reaction , whatcrer may he t1·u e in othet; respects, are continuous
hetween the two. Nothing can happen to one of
these two co-ord inat e parts of 1-iuman nature that
dol's not appreciably influence the other. Constn nt plowing in the same grooves of the brain,
like constant dropping of water, wears. A change
of int e1·cst and of scene, a d eparture from establish Pd routine, a break in the chain of habit, plows
nc11· gt·ooves through th e fallow or untilled soil of
th .. brain and crecates'hoth the mental and the
ph~·s i cal man.
Life is short at its best; we will be a long time
133
-~ dead; the world
will wag on just the same whether the dollars we leave behind when we leave this
sphere of existence be many or few. Only we are
the losers if we refuse to consider the means necessary to prolong our lives and enrich our experience. The secret of securing these is to studiously
endeavor to add day by day, week by week and
year by year to our interests.
Today, tomorrow, next day, then, although ·for
the first time in life, secure some tackle .and go, ·no
matter to what stt·eam, but go to some stream and
spend a day or two tramping the banks, whipp~ng
the waters, and, if catching a few trout-so much
the better. Do this and you will live longer and
di_e happier.
• • ••
CAUSES, NOT EFFECTS
F HUMANI'l'Y 1s to advance individuals
must help to that end.
Many things in community life depend
upon the active interest and effort of all the
p eople.
Civic responsibility is· a very real thing, aTthough so widely distributed.
Development toward industrial just ice, political integrity, educational ideals or· social virtue .
must depend upon the earnestness and intelli~
gence of public spirited endeavor.
P et·haps it is worth while to try and analyze
the aims and methods by which this effort may
be made most effective.
In every cause there are two distinct but relative objects to be sought: one, an ultimate goal,
r epresenting- the highest ideals; the other, measures looking toward that goal, but adapted to
what is feasible and appropriate as an immediate
next step.
'l'hese two objects are not antagonistic to
each other, but are too often sought by separate
groups; the one unwilling to accept any partial
measures, having eyes turned exclusively to
the final goal; the other seeking some avai lable
. good with no t·egard to ultimate full rounded
results.
In choosing objects of effort it is important
�134
The Western Comrade
to make sure that one is \vorking on causes and
not mere symptoms or effects.
Attempts to secure politieal r eform are
largely mistaken uecause aimed at . inevitable.
btaneltes of some "tr·ec whose roots req1ain untouched.
Jt' the cuer·gy spent in anathematizing the
. <>vi is and spasmo<.lie attcml?ts to right surface
wrongs wcr·e systematically expended upon a few
fundamental changes .in th~ system great results
would be attain ed ..
'J'her·c is a vr.r·y gener·al tendency to dip out
water· perpetually. in variou. leaky civic boats
without attempt iug 1o stop the lcal\s.
PPt'imps most important of all is the spit·it in
whi1·h r·cforms arc undertaken. Tl~ negative,
destru eti.vc, fault-findi_ug attitude is ruinous to
success.
l\fcr·ely ear·ping at existing evils never made
the wol'!d better.
The person who does not love good more than
he hates evil is not a factor· which evil has to fear.
The spirit which nothing can embitter, the
spit·it invincible against antagonism <;>r .scorn, is
the spil'i t which can achieve.
The path into the futUl'e can only be clearly
seen with n vision lighted 'by whatever rays of
.brightn s there may be in the present.
Only light can dispel darkness.
• • •
•
MARRIAGE MAKES WEALTH
F R1\'lER as istant secretary of the t~·easury,
writing on thi subject, clo es with these
words:
" .1\'Iarry. It i the best bu iness investment
that has ver come within my e~-jlerience. '
It wa aid of Josh Billing that he once gave
a young man imilar· ad' ice : ' Marry; marry by
all mean . l\larry for love. But remember it is
a en y to love a girl with $50 000 in her own
right a a girl '~othout a cent. '
In other word , alway have an eye to. the
main ehauct>. Form a ma"trimonial as you would
a bu ine alliance. Certainly there ~re other considoration entering in, but the e will accommo-
date themselves to the primary one. of secur·ing a
busi:de s partner iri. your wife:-. Of course there is
·a little matt r of sentinieiit which from tim immemorial has been associated with marriage, hut
that will adjust it elf. The fundamental n ed of
every young man is a wife who will either brin"
him money or help to save the msney he earn ..
S_ounds cold-blooded, does it not 1 Yet it i hut
the application of the working philosophy of mod.
ern life to marriage. There .is no room in the life
of the present fo r sentiment. Life is praeti ~:al.
and all things pertaining thereto must be plae d
on a practical basis and · be judged by practical
standards. Let very young men and very youug
women, very old men and very old women, dt"eamy
poets an~• weak-minded · se.n tirnentaliMs til\ im.
agine that the old-fashioned tliing called. love
should be the sole basis for marriage, but prae.
tical, up-to-date men and women have outgr·om1
mere sentiment.
Unhappy marriages, divorce and race suicide
increasing 1 True, beyond question! And, alas !
so is the tendency to look upon t he marTiage r·e·
Jation as a business investment.
~
~
.
DEEDS, NOT SYMP.ATHY
N this city there is a heart beat in sympathy for every pang you feel. You may
· not meet your friend and sympathizer, but
he exists. The fai lure to meet is one or
the tragedies of life. But the sympathy is ready
when you do meet. \Yhy, not a mongrel cur can
pant his last breath in agony on the street but
some big-hearted 1~an or sweet-souled woman
feels a. pang t.o see it.''
"How much more when a brave but d efeated
human being cries for help 1"
There is a note of an all too common lullaby
for the conscience in this well-ex~ressed bit of
sentiment.
·
·
Is· the tragedy of friendlessness any the le •
because there are persons ready to be friendly if
some quite co ventional chance brings them in
contact with the forlorn one 1
Are the sufferings of the cat any th e less be·
cause the men and women passing indulge in an
amiable thrill of pity for its sufferings.
l\fust the brave hut defeated human heing
�4
'T h e We s t e r n C o ·m r a d e
.1~5
\
cry on the street corner before there is -~nyone to
len<l a ~nd ~
:
l f the cry goes up through the notoriety of the
pu hl ic prints must he still wait for practical aid
he•·ause the thousands who have read the story
an• content to feel the pang and let that end it 1
There is no virtue in an emotion which does
not incarnate itself in a deed.
The human heart is sound and true deep down.
Kindness and good will are the native prompting
of utmnal humankind, but the difficulties of being
kind and giving practical help ai.·e so great ~hat
the emotions giving birth so often to stillborn
tll'<•ds weaken the moral fiber. ·
The t endency is to gr·ow. content with pity
alone, wh eth er it bears fruitage· in help or not.
True, the deed is often impossible. 'l'hese terribl e dark chasms made by the crowd and by custom a·nd by ignorance are not always easy to
~:ross. Even when gulfs are bridged and the
han d-clasp of friendship is given the baleful con<.litions cannot always be overcome. Only-an<l
this is the crux of the matter- let the impulse to
lu·lp be the result of sympathy, and if intelligent
cfl'ort does not avail let the heartache which follows be a spur to more fundamental service.
l:lomething is wrong \~·hen the dwellers in
cities must steel their hearts to the knowiedge of
mi.s<'t'Y and friendlessness which th ey cannot aid.
defl'at ed human beings." To ·enjoy a 'Pang ~f
Lrt the attention be turned to finding what is
wrong and why there are so many "brave but
pity is not enough. Cease to feel, or let that feeling prompt to action.
• • •
A. FRIEND OF WEEDS
N an interview Joaquin Miller, the poet,
was asked why he let th e weeds grow beside · the roses and why he let the grass
grow so long 1 He replied :
" Because I love it. I should feel like a prisoner hemmed in by a well-kept lawn. I like my
grass wild and sun-browned. I have set my house
in a wilderness and planted the rose· at my door,
but not one of the baby-blufl eyes haYe I uprooted to give place to it. \Vho shall dare to say
thm the ro e is more beautiful .t han th e waxen
eup of manzanita ? Roses, wild flowers and weeds,
I wa nt. them all whct·e I live, "
I t is James Whitcomb Ril ey who says in one
of l1 is poems:
.
''To r eck o nize ' at no thin's made in vain,
That. the Good Bein' made the brute 's first chiee,
And us folks a terwards. ''
Is it not a cause for wond er· that ·seeking fo r
one universal in his love for every form of life, ·
he must needs be found among the poets of earthY
The cosmic con ·ciousness, as it has been termed,
to whom there is no lower or higher, no clean or
unclean in all the myriad forms of life, is invariably to be found among those whom the practica l
world looks upon as impracticable sentimen~alists.
It was the poet Pope who wrote :
"He who needlessly sets foot upon a wo1;m
.
·
is such a wretch,'' etc.
And said Lucy Larcom, the factory girl poet:
"The g·r ass beneath . our feet i His own grass ·;
The wayside weed is sacred unto Him.''
Said another poet a long time ago :
"Poets are all who love-who feel great truths,
And tell them.''
It would seem, then, that. the fundamental
r equisite is that a poet should be first of ali a
lover , and that it is for this r eason that poets
do not d1scriminate in nature or among men. To
them all life is beautif ul and they see deeply
e)lough into the hear t of things to d te t beauty
wher e the unloving eye does not behold it. For
are they not "God's Prophets of the Beautiful ?"
As Emerson said: "One more royal trait belongs
to the poet. I moan his cheerfulness, without
which no man can be a poet-for beauty is his
aim. He loves virtue, not for its obligat ion; but
for its grace ; be delights in the world, in man,
in woman, for the lovely light that sparkles -from
them. Beauty, the spirit of joy and hilarity, he
sheds over th e universe.''
• • •
The lesson most clearly written in the evolution of the race is that of hope and promise for
the future ... However dark the clouds at any
period, men may lmow if they will that the sun
of progress, whose warming rays mal{e for the
r eign "o f truth and justice, is sim,ply obscur·ed
from vision and t hat behind the passing cloud
it still shines on in full midday spl ndor. And
that" Some day J.Jovc shall ·laim his own,
Some day Righ t ascend his throne,
Som e day hicld cn Truth he lmown,
Some d~y-some sweet day. "
�136
T he W est ern C omrade
PUYS.PLAYmS'PUMitim
\
By MILL.A TUPPER MAYNARD
LADY GR.E GORY A N D THE I R ISH MOV EMENT
r~
=~~~~~ HAT
will the people do when they cease
·
to work at hard labor for long hours 365
days a year? This question troubles our
friends, the enEUny, greatly. It is little
\T/
:;;'\
wonder that they think it a problem.
~
They would not themselves know what
to do-without Uie drive of business and
'l..tr
they ean see h'o w stupidly the majority
of the very r ich use their over-abundant
time. Occasionally, however, one finds
persons who have had neither too much
nor too little for a generation or two, and who have
learned really to live in activities that mean something.
The Irish Drama movement is a good example· of
what persons of t rue refinement, some money and cons iderable cleverness can do to make their own lives
-worth living, wh ile lifting the life interests of many
thousands at the same time.
A group of men and women who had enough of freedom from the eternal grind to th'ink of human values,
two decades ago waked up to the fact that Ireland and
the Irish of the past were fast passing away. Its language, its folk lore, its peculiar humor, its unique poetic
and fancifu l viewpoint were all being swept away by
the prosaic English education and commercialism.
Among the influences deliberately set in motion to_
bring appreciation of things JI·isb, the Irish plays and
players have been the most' important and far reaching.
From ·very meage1· beginnings, not ten years ago,· the
dramas of the movement have become a notable litera ture and the players have developed an art which is
the deligh t of two continents. They found they could not use imported English actors, as it was hard to enter into the spirit of the plays
or catch the desired a tmos phere. Accordingly, they took
Irish working girls and young men, and trained them
with a success that has been a marvel and gl\•en somethi ng new and very beautiful to art.
Lady Gregory .I-tas been one of the leading spi1·!ts in
all this work. A ~w volume of her plays has just been
iss ued by G. P. Putnam's Sons. It contains six richly
amusing playlet s, full of originality, human nature and
excruciating fun , all in a rhythmic prose more musical
than any poetry.
Some time, not very far distant, we are going to find
the drama and song which belong to the West and ot
, the Comradeship.
W
m
A TRAGE DY O F GRA FT
''Fue- Fe-a thers" is another play by Eugene ·walters,
the former red card soap boxer. The soap · box is more
in evidence in th is than it was in "The Easiest Way."
This dramatist is doing the best work in America in
the judgment of many critics not as partial in their
judgment as some of us might be. H e is strong be cause he has a definite viewpoint and never fumbles. He
ma.y not speak out as clearly as he might like always
but "the spine of meaning" is a clear cut understanding
ot how the profit system puts dry rot into the social life
of the time in every part.
In thi play, the graft in construction work and the
forces which lead thereto are made clear. There is the
grafter with his oily sophistry which deceives the wife
and makes her think that the husband's scorn or the
offered fortune is obstinate fanati cism. Finally the
young engineer has to choose between• his wife and his
LADY GR EGORY
Author of " New Comedies" a nd Leading Spirit In the
Iris h Dra matic Movement
principles and so makes the false report asked of him
in relation to the cement in a dam. Luxury and .an
abundance of " fine feathers" follow for a time,. but·
ruin is close upon the man's heels and finally the breaking of the dam with loss of life brings the full logical
tragedy.
A newspaper man brings brightness Into the murk
by' his wit and "red" philosophy. Altogether this is a
greateP> play than "The Easiest Way" and deals with
a feature of capitalism even more common and quite
as devastating as that which formed the tragedy In the·
play which won the author's fame.
The Long Beach tragedy of May 24th was caused by
the same "economy" in construction and the failure to
report or to find the weak conditions on the part ol
inspectors was born of the same desire to bold a job It
not to actual, conscious connivance.
Such plays make people think, but alas, even th is
dramatist has not yet found a way to make solu tions
clear. To point out the problem is something. We must
be thankful that this can play to crowded houses.
At this time, the Western Coast folk get the dramatic harvest of the year. When the New York season
closes, then the luminaries can pass to the western
heavens.
"The Case of Becky" is something new under t he
1
1
�The Western Comrade
~
137
~~--~~--------~~
Oll\OJ\8 Vte
By ELEA
OR \>VE
TH E SIGNIFICANCE OF WO M EN' S ORGAN IZATIONS
TW O'R TH
RGA IZATIO is the basis of all social
trength, the propeller of all progress, ·
the instrument of all socialization. The
power of Rome was built up through organization. Early ·christianity developed
into. a world movement only because of
the thorough organization of its enthusIastic lements. The entire map of
Euro.pe was changed by the organizing
ability of Napoleon. Organization created the trusts, the 'p ower of the unions,
the power of the press. It is only persistent efforts at
organization that finally secure the franchise, the eight
bour law, the minimum wage, and child labor legislation. The Socialist Movement will grow powerful just
in proportion as its organization is perfected.
Although women are the original organizers, being
largely responsible for the existence or the ancient tribes
nnd ha ving first placed industry on a working basis,
this tremendous social power, ORGANIZATION, was beyond their reach during the first eighteen centuries of
this era. As a result, any influence exerted by them in
the molding of insUtutions er customs was very indirect
at tho best.
i\Ien have lent themselves to organization only under
gr~at economic pressure ; and their organizations have
uever been truly democratic. They have been class. organi~ti~:>ns, craft organizations, or sectarian organ z.atlons. but never representative or the interests of soci~ty a
a whole. There have been patriarchs and
tu~uia1 families, king~ and slaves, lords and serfs. capt·talists andJ wage sl!wes-one _c lass ahvays being ex.pl0itedi fo.r the benefit o!' tP, other. As a result our
society has been individualistic primarily and! social
only seconda.rhtr and indirectly.
The mneteentbt century is marked! by the trise of two
powerful movements, the proletarian moYement and
the woman's movement. The former is the greates~
working people's organization ever known and is far
greater in its scope than anything dreamed of by the
early Christians in their plans for a universal brotherhood. The latter promises to once mare inject into so:
ciety that social spirit manifest in the patriarchal days,
before there was private property in necessities and
when class struggles were unknown. This is a spirit
which does not take it as natural that some persons
should be in the power of other persons, or that inanimate, material things should exploit a living humanity.
It recognizes the fact that we all belong together and
that only by securing the liberty and happiness of all
of us, . can we secure the liberty and happiness or any
of us. The proletarian movement took on its pre.'!ent
form about 1867 and the women's organizations had their
beginning in this country in 1868.
Jennie June Croly, originator and second president
of the first woman's club, "Sorosis," wrote as follows of
the club movement:
"The woman's club was not an echo; it was not the
mere banding together for social and economic purpose
like the clubs of men. It became at once, without deliberate intention or concerted action, a light-giving and
seed-sowing center o! purely democratic activity.· It
had no leaders.. It brought together qualities rather
than personages; a.nd by a representation of all interests, mora], intellectual. and social, a natural and equal
divij;fon or work and opportunity, created an ideal basis
or organization, w:here every . one has an EH~!Ua.l! tight
to w:hatevet· comes to the common center ; where the
center itself becomes a radiating medium " for tlile diffusion o! the best or that which is brought to it. and into
w:hich, a]] being freely g,iven. no material constderations
enter."
Thinking that this sounded far-r~tched she added,
dramati~es a case or double personality. The
tuedfcal case from which it was taken, was. even more
remarkable. as in the actual young woman. there. were
three differe-nt .personaUtie none- of whom were quhe
uormal. ]n the- play. "Becky" is a mischievous lawless.
little creature utterliy unlike "Dorothy" the normal gir]
wltose body Becky takes possession or occas.ionaUy.
The play gi-Yes wond'erfu] opportunity to Frances
tar (the actres.s who made her :reputation in "The
Easiest Way") as the transformation scenes from t.he
demure, gentle. well-bred Dorothy to the reckless, im:pi ·tt, hatefu~. malignant Becky require rem¥ka.ble actlu~<:.
·
Perhaps some one tMnks : "At least here ~s one- play
that has no o.cialist p.reachmeni in it."
·
Right you are. There i :dot an economic line in it
from first to last. •evertheless· not to disappoint any
one ho, thinks that hobbies were made to :ride. the
mural i.a hereby a.dde.d• .
Hypnotism is the only thing· tba.t c'3.n account for
tb-e pers.istenc o~ Capitalism. Would! any sane person
believe that on the planet Mars one-tenth or one percent of the- peop,le could own the planet and the ninetynine and! nin.e-tenths per cent allow it? Certainly not.
l!t would be ag:llnst human nature.
But on this planet. the 999 not only allow ft but seem
to like it. MorO{)ver, they ac-tuaUy make the laws wb.lcti
giive t he earth and a fence around it to the thousandth
man.
By what magic iis it possible?
Hypnosis.. Tllat fs the only renson. The 999 aJTe
caught young andl hypnotized by teachers, newsp· pers,
preachers andl all the other spokesmen for t.tie one one~
thousandth until the whole 9991 wm dlance any tune tbe
masters ask for and pay the nddler besides.
There is. no other way to account for the astounding
racts. Now- Is there?
Ir we could only break the sp.eU and make people
see true for just one hour~ emancipation would be right
upon u.s.
Let us have s~e. more plays showing what tricks.
the human mfnd can play upon us·.
suu. ]t
--
�138
The Western· Comrade
"This ts no Ideal or ~ary piciifi.e.. It is the simplest
prose of every woman's club and every clnb woman's
e~rfence during the past thirty years."
(1868.-1898.)
· This was written dhly a few years after the formatioa
of the General Federation ol Women's Clubs. A knowledge o! the committees which this Federation supports
and a survey of the work done by them, together with
the sulfrage organJZatlol!s during'the past fifteen yea.r:s
removes all doubt as to the social nature of their activities. They have agitated against child labor and against
white slavery. They have worked for children's courts;
!or clean streets; for proper sewerage; for sanitary
waiUng rooms in railroad stations; for good roads; for
children's playgrounds; for industrial education; for
conservation; · for the employera' liability law; for factory inspection; for betler educational facilities; for
extensive Jlhrarles; for the reduction of the hours of
labor· for the minimum wage. They have been on hand
tO Je~d aid in limes Of- strikes, especially those in Which
women were involved. In times of drought or flood, they
have not been the last to give relief. Where tuberculos is threatens the nat ion, they have entered the battle
for the removal or its causes. They have accomplished
many things in spite or the obstacles in their way.
.
They have availed themselves of the power given
th m by th ir or·ganizations to express themselves dir tly,_ through their own numbers, in regard to social
matt •·s, ii1stead of indirectly, as heretofore, through
tbe men of their families.
But there Is one thing which hampers them very
much In their success. They fail to recog:nize the fact
that our androcentric society is a society of classes; the
fact that all men's organizations, through which women
must as y t express themselves, are formed, as the saying has It, ror "the ins to knock the outs." Failure to
recognize this fact makes all social effort superficial
and unfundumental. It leads to the treating of effects
inst nd or causes.
Thl , however, does not detract from the value of
tlt
pirit manifested by the women's organizations, a
spirit which' U1e world has been- in dire need of during
all th pa t centuries of class struggles and class
hntr d . Nelthed does it lessen the value of the fact
th t lh wom n' club have in their ranks all ages and
c:la e of women-maids and matrons, wives of Cripple
r k miner , wives of New York millionaires, and the
wives and daughters of middle class men. It . simply
m an that in order to express itself fully this spirit
mn t have condition: under which il can live. The att lnment of ucb condition necessitates the abolition
r th I
truggle; nece itates an eo.Jnomic reorgan1 ti n. wbicb wilt pl.a ce the prodncts of the labor o! the
rorld into the bands or the mali:ers; necessitates a l'alu ti a or human beings on a basis of en-ice rendered
to bumanits
d not on a basis of things taken from
bu.numit:r.
When the women' clu come to thh. realization and
p~ o deal "«ith our social problems "«ith i as a
they r i l inaeed be a tremendOD- t»nstructil"e
ly :sa._-.; ..-itb :l&s.. Cro)y:
tlll'esl!old of a fntme
rills
illOs:sllbili'ties-;:ossibDmes of fello.-sbip
loTe w-llere hatred
who
d
0
rn 'l' mm
chivalrous g ntl m n t
• • •
THESE THINGS SHALL BE
By J. A. Symonde
These things shall be! a Iotti r r·ac
Than e'e1· the world hath known ohall rls
With flow'r of freedom In their souls,
And ligh t of science In th h• yes.
They shall be gentle, brave and Rtrong, ·
To spill no drop of blood, but dar
All that may plant man's lordship fh•m,
On earth, and fire and oea and air:
Nation with nation, land wltb land,
Vnarm'd shall Jlve .a11 comrad 11 fre
ln ev'ry heart and brafn shall throb
The pulse of one fraternity.
New arts shall bloom of lofUer mould
And mightier mUBic thrill the tlkUHI,
And e"'ry life shall be a. song,
When all the earth Is para4tu.
These
thln~they are no dream..--baJl IJ
. . ..
For ·happier men when we .are gone;
These golden days for tbem •ball 4a.wn,
Tran.scending OU8bt we gaze upon,
T1ro
Scotch frien«b met one lay after a kmS allsenee.. One of them bad a. C1t'mbJe JJOJe. ~ otfU'f
looked ioto his face ;au4 uJd ~
...A.b! .Jo a. J 4oo _ ..
8uL .lob said be W:U GOt W
1:te T ~~'
as be only drauk one ~ of ~
a
"'011.. •eel... iai4 the odler, "yer lue J•
OICl' gu
- '-ilt ~
II! dial jt ~~=ell"'
�T h e We s t ern C o m r a de
Up in the northwestern corner of North Dakota is
from a. Socialist standpoint? Wby not educate worn h
the little city of' Minot. Minot is a live little city of
by cartoons how to use their vote properly wh n th y do
perhaps five thousand inhabitants and was one of the
finally attain their right to vote? When on ' om n
first cities of the country to elect a
understand Socialism . capitalism is
doomed.
Socialist administration.
One of the active Socialists here is
"Women are home-Jov rs.
apia young lady, a teacher in the public
talistlc n wspapers lta
glv'i'n them
schools. She is a bright, vivacious
the Impression that oclalism wlll d .'·oung woman of artistic temperament
stroy tjle home. Thll.t's an old bog Y•
However, a small interior city offers
u~ed by capitalis.m to frlghten1 men
little opportunity for instruction in
and women away from ooiallsnt. Th
way to treat 1·hogeys' is to walk •tight
art, and Miss Emma Gordon, for that
up to them and Investigate th tn.
js her name, has been obliged to se"The pen of lh cartoonist Is tb:
cure her art education in that hard
weapon that should b used In tipbut efficient school of which so many
.. of the world's most efficient men ·and
ping open th se shams and a. woman
cartoonist working for the cause of
\\·omen • have been graduates- the
Socialism could be able to pr a nt the
school where teacher and vupil are .
woman's point of view In regard to
one and the same person.
our industl·lal, social and political
Her -story is a tale of intense appliquestions.
cul ion an'd sheer exercise of will· "Of all the worn n J have ev r
power in the face or discouragements
talked with about Socialism tb se
and difficulties. Her special purpose
four objections-free Jove, against r in her work is to arouse the women
llgion, destroying the hom , and "dlof the land to the horrors of the capi. vlding Ull"- seemed to be the only obtalist system, as these afl'est them
jections women have to Sociallam.
and all dear to them both inside and
Can not some cartoonist-a woman~
outside Lhe home.
educate them to a knowledge of SoAs yet teaching is her maio work.
cialism by destroying these bogeys?
If re is where she eams her bread.
For they are but bogeys onUnualiY
But the deeper under currents .of her
EMMA M. GORDON
brought forward by the eilemles ot
1if How along' the line of accomplish Socialism and bogeys that I could mak short work of
ment in art propaganda. She is every inch a woman
If spac~ permltted.
and the urge of the feqJinist and Socialist movement
"We need women cartoonists to depict the woman's
for the sak e of a larger and better life for women and
point Of vieW QS well as the WOI'ld needs the rnett car•
children is what she feels most keenly.
toonists who ·look at everything from the man's point
Interviewed on the subject of her life work she
ot view."
declared: "Women are toMiss Gordon was born in
. day thinking beings, not
0
Vlsnaes, a llt.tle to n in Norstolid household d r u d g e s.
H(CESSITIE
way. When she was stlll a
'l'hev ate today entering
child her fath r di d and the
fields which for centuries
o
OF
family removed to Haugegund
ha,·e been occupied mainly
on the west coast of Norway.
br men. In many branches
IF[
There sbe Jived an open afr
women, yea, children, are
life, learned to love be sea.
taking the place formerly
...0
and the mountains and the
lield by men. Look at our
Independent sp1rft of tbe
factories, our mill .
natives. She wag nine :Yeats
"Can we not in thi field
old when the family left Nor·
, how up by cartoon our pre way tar :Mfnnelicta. She lf•ed
ent industrial y tem . which
in oreuvtne, Minn., ontlf !!he>
take the lh·es or men, \\·omen
was elglttee.n yeara old, when
and children, and grinds them
she accepted a posftfort ·as
up li9--to o much profit?
teacher fn a North. Dakota:.
"Cannot the cartoon show
district school..
the :AU~ oi th~ social evil!
To Mf s; Gotdan. · efcrngs a
Vben we do away with the
place in. that forrg; nne of
comrades whO' tibr'o'Ugb toe llntt:.e ocial evilt As a Social. spfra.tfo-n broU'ght ftrt& tlreb
e-. or
won't
we- dobelie·
away
!cau
t, I,
comse.
ve we
-Mcvea
~a;~ cail ~·
can• do awa~ with. the social
~9-unttt-yo:u-1trst-cltange
~ - --4~}
mamTdnd' ft's- eve-r. known
ha"¥e bee'ti'-M~Takenell ro 11~·
system that is the- direct
ON'E OF HIER CA.RliOONS
nes-g oi life.
ftfllttSe> tlf it. WI)) not sll.ow it
with~[c~J~~~~~~~~-~~~~~!~~
~
�140
The Western Comrade
-
~
-
-
By EMANUEL JULIUS
THE CHARM OF THE KITCHEN
"For God's sake, a pot of small ale."
-;Shakespeare.
I picked up the May numbe; of George Sylvester
Viereck's "The International," recently and was -impressed by the title of Andre Tri<fon's article advertised
on the front cover, viz: ~"The Shame of Hotel Kitchens."
The International is decidedly a literary paper, puttering somewhat with politics. So, I asked, "Would the
insurgent editor publish an article on _'The Shame of
Pitts burg,' or 'Low Wages in the Textile Mills?" And
I concluded h e n;1 ight, provided it were wittily penned.
But, (and here I became emphatic), he surely would
not boast about it on the cover. Then why should he
mu ckrak e the kitchens of New York's hotels? And it
all dawned on me.
I immediately recalled Willard Huntington Wright's
charming article on "Los Angeles, The Chemically
Pure," and how that remarkab le writer seemed more
concerned over the bad cooking in the City of the Angels than the mediocrity of its orchestras. And, in addition, I r ememUered bow our Nietzschean, Henry L.
Mencken, in his article on "Good Old Baltimore," in
The Smart Set was more worri ed over the scarcity of
terrapin than the po-s sibili ty of war between Japan and
Uni ted States. And then, my mind bopped to the Middle ·west-St. Louis-and I saw m yself in an office on
the eighth floor of th e Syndicate Trust building-the
sanctum snnctorum of good-natured, profound. de mocratic, humorous W illiam Marion- Reedy, editor of The
Mirror. - And he was pouting because his lager beer
hadn't been iced sufficiently to suit his epicurean tastes.
I thought of a dozen others-literary fellows-artists
to the core-and all spe'n t most of th eir time worrying
ove r bad cooking or enthusing over splendid victualry.
A Beamaise sauce is far more important than a kiss
from Kittie Pearl. Of course. Kitti e Pearl need not absent herself, but first must come "seductively prepared
truffles," or better still, COUJles St. Jaques.
Genius is concerned, first of all, with the stomach.
Watch an artist carefully and you will see that I am
right. The spirit is a ll ,·ery well, in its place-which
is-after dinn er. Compote first, poetry afterwardR. The
esophagus attended to, there is plenty . of time for matters of the heart. But. heart. is welcome-if cooked
properly. LobsteP-, ·more than music, hath cbarms to
soothe the artist's breast. Artists do not scorn the ecstacy of creation, but it 'must follow the delirium of
digestion. Alas. Karl Marx was right. His materialistic
interpretation of life ls again demonstrated .
*
*
*
THE VALUE OF CRITICISM
Artists paint pictures, write ·poems and compose
symphonies, turning them over to critics who act aswhat shall I say?- inspectors. to analyze and explain.
_ Critics are necessary and the - artists themselves are
growing to a full appreciation of their, functions, refus~
ing to believe with Benjamin Disraelj that a critic is
one who has failed at literature.
The first duty of the critic is not to find fault, but
to explain. It is his task to help the people know the
meaning of a work of art. To be perfectly frank, critics are needed only because of the ignorance of the
people. Were the people omniscient, a critic would be
a bore. But, the people need critics to anal yz~ things
for them. This is not a slur but a calm appreciation of
fact.
I
·
And, I venture to say, the time will never come when
critics will not be needed. The older our civilization
becomes, the more complex our life grows. Our activities become so specialized, and the "Human Alto'gether" becomes so tremendous that one person could
never even hope to fu lly under stand all the a ctivities, the arts, the thoughts, the systems of busybee men and women. Paradoxical as it may seem, the
more intelligent we become, the less we know, as individuals. This is democra cy. And into this vast democracy come critics who mount rostrums and tell the
people of things they would be likely to pass up. They
enable us to appreciate something fore ign to the routine of our lives. But, as soon as a critic ceases to be
a teacher, t hat moment he ceases to be a critic.
. Professor W. R. Kethaby warns critics against
frightening timid people off with high-pitched definitions and fa r fetched metaphors mixed with a flood of
(as Morris says) "sham technical twaddle." "It is a
pity to make a myste ry of what should most easily be
understood," says Professor Kethaby. "There is nothing
occult a bout the thought that all things may be made
well or made ill. A work of art is a well- made thing,
that is all.
"We have been in the habit of writing so lyrically
of art and of temperament of the artist that the average
man who lives in the str eet, sometimes a very mean
street, is likely to think of it as remote and luxurious,
not 'for the likes of him.' There is the danger in the
habitual excess of language that the plain man is likely
to be frightened by lt. It may be feared that much current exposition of the place and purpose of art only
widens the gap between it and common lives."
Criticism, fn America, is rare. Our _self-styled critics
do not analyze and explain a work of art; they merely
a ct as "feature writers" and reporters. They cgnfuse
cr-iticism with stories -about Anna Held taking a milk
bath or Lillian Russell wearing a gow n costing ten
thou~and - dollars. They tell us_ that Archibald Van
Roundelay paid three million dollars for Albert D'Vincent's "After Breakfast,'' but steer clear of an intelligent discussion of the painting itself. Take our literary journals, for instance. Instead of discussing th e
philosophy of literature, the editors fill their co)umns
with anecdotes of authors. stories on how much money
Robert ·w. Chambers gets for his latest "best seller,"
articles about -t he "love affairs of famous men," and
editorials on the iact that George. Bernard Shaw Is not
an eater of meat. This is not criticism. This is amateurish namby-pambyism.
�The · Western Comrade
Soc~al~sm,
141
\
Moral Substitute·for War
;By WJLLIS CHURCH LaMOTT
Willi's Church LaMott won first prize of $50 in an intercollegiate oratorical contest with the following oration. All · universities and colleges in Southern California were represented in the contest. Second and third
prizes also were taken either by Socialists or by orations on Socialism. The committee awarding the prizes
was composed entirely of non-Socialists.
•~""""""""""®"""""!!!®!!!!!!!!!I~HE
or11:anized movement for world peace
·
is well under way. Advocates of peace
T
point with pride to the fact that about
half the inhabitants of the civilized
'
·i
world favor their propaganda. This
host of sympathizers finds that, on the
~ . ~
one hand, the cause of world disarmament strikes llome to their reason. They
believe that economic evolution points
. '
to triumph of peace; they believe that
peace is a just cause, an ethically righteous cause, an eminently reasonable cause. On the other
tiand, the peace movement appeals to their sentiments.
They have a pathological horror of war, a horror induced
perhaps by morbid, nauseating descriptions of past battlefields; they hope, they sometimes pray for the Federation of the World; they dream the·dream of the seer,
who paints in roseate hues the blessings of the time
when the war-drum shall no longer throb; they fully
believe that the only hope for peace lies in a certain
charitable instinct, a sentimental feeling, which they
possess, and which they are pleased to term "the brotherhood of man."
Even though half the world favors the cause of peace,
this allegiance is a confession of passive reasoning and
shallow sentiment. The average man is in favor · of
peace-in times of peace. At the first boom of the can-.
non, however, · his convictions as to peace exp160e in
thin air; at the first blast of a bugle he is straining at
the leash like a hound before the chase; at the first echo
of the battle cry "My country, right or wrorig!" he is up
and away, to follow the flag to the ends of the earth,-..:..or
to plant it supreme upon Wall Street's interests in
MeliicO.
It is not surprising that our passive desire f-or peace
thus is impotent before the imperious cry of war. We
are the children of War. Our ancestors, waging bestiay
combats on the mist-soaked plains between the V.'ese&;
and the Elbe, have transmitted to ·us a heritage of War.
The blessings we enjoy have grown up in the shadow
of the wars of antiquity; our National ideals have developed in a long series of moral conflicts, the chief
arbiter of which has been the Lord of Hosts, the God of
Battles. Our heroes are men of s terling worth, w ith
warriors' . hearts and warriors' wills, wh o Jived, who
fought, who died for liberty and truth. Ground into our
• beings, coursing through our veins in every drop of red
blood, bred in our marrow and bone, the age-old love
of war is, iil >ery truth, life of our life. We let our pulseheats rule us-not our reasons. To aspire, to dare. to
sacrifice, to suffer, to die-perhaps-for the cause that
eommands us,-this is the spirit of our humanity.
This is the spirit which the advocate of peace must
overthrow in hand to hand conflict; in the past he has
a ttempted to do this by waving in its face an olive
branch. 'With a passive, reasoning desire for peace. with
a shallow, dove-like sentiment, we have been trying
vainly to overthrow one of the most inherent, most vital,
and most aggressive forces of human nature. As the
late William James has said: "A milleni~m of peace
would not breed this inf?rained and vital flgl;ltlng disposition out of our natu ~es . Unless we can discover a
counterforce which will act as a moral substitute for
war, world peace will never be attained."
Our hope for peace will never be realized until we
find this moral substitute for war, until we find a force
that will fight the aggressive war spirit on its own terms.
Our dreams of peace will never come true until we discover a dynamic force for peace, a force that will appeal to the indigenous heroism of our natures, that will
utilize the fighting spirit in our blood; a force that w1!1
so command the lives of men, that they -will find no appeal in the call of war, no appeal in the call to slaughter
their fellow-men.
There is among all mankind today a vital movement,
the strongest manifestation of which is to be found
among the organized workers of the world. According
to Miss Jane Addams of Hull House, "The only visible
beginning we can discover for a moral substitute for
war, is to be found in the Labor Movement, as lt Is developing in every land on the face of the earth."
, We need not be reminded that the first people to
c'Onceive the need of a newer ideal of peace was the old
I:::.tcrnational Association of Workingmen. Since the
year 1870, Labor has consistently maintained that whenever war was declared between two countries, the laborIng men of the countries should "go ont" on a general
strike. In 1906, the Impending war between Norway and
Sweden was stopped by action of the Trades Unions·;
the disgraceful "Morocco affair" between France and
Germany in 1907 did not materialize into a war, simply
because the working-men blocked the Kai.s er's move.
Were England, or Germany, or France, or our own country, to declare war today, the union men of all nations
would arise. Closed shops, Idle mills, rusting machinery,
-the enf'ire paralysis of our industries would register
the protest of the workers of the world against this
blight of the ages.
Now, this magnificent display of solidari ty is the result of a n ewer ideal of service which Inspires the la'borer; an ideal which holds that all wealth is the product
of labor, which demands nothing Jess than that the men
who create the world's wealth should own the means
of producing that wealth.
It is the result of a new feeling of brotherhood that
has sprung up in the breast of the common man, an
electric thread which connects ~lm by Jiving ties to
every other· working-class comrade the world over.
It was during the Russo-Japanese war that the Workingmen held one o! their International conventions in
the old city of Amsterdam. Apart from the confusion,
the shouting, the tumult of the world outside, the little
gathering was quiet-hushed In expectancy; the delegate
from Japan was about to arrive. The door opened; the
1
�142
I
The Western Comr d
"7
Jitlle brown man entered the ball. A giant Rus ian with
a battle-scarred face, advanced to meet him. . The e two.
men, wbose countrymen were butChering one another
on the corpse-strewn fields of Manchuria, stood face to
face. •Their eyes flashed with the fire of brotherhood;
their lips met in the kiss of fellowship; · one word, and
only oae word, passed their lips-the word "Comrade."
Outside, Christian priests were singing masses for the
repose of the Russian dead; outside, Christian prayers
were ascending to the throne of the Prince of Peace askInk for power to be the greatest slaughterer. But the
time Is coming, wher. all this will cease-hushed by the
one word "Comrade.'·
This is not .the result of shallow, book-learned reasoning. It is the spontaneous expression . of the convictions of men who have throw.n themselves with all
the ir power into the one great cause, the cause of humanity. The men whp toil ha..,·e striven ceaselessly,
have sacrified th e mselves in sympathetic strikes, have
e ndeared lockouts and persecutions, the militia's fire and
the prison's cell, all for the sake of brotherhood. As a
result, he who labors has ceased to be a brute. and has
become a man, glorying in his manhood; we seldom hear
today th e dolorous "Song of the Shirt," with its monotonous "stitch, stitch, stitch"; th e sweat-shotl slave
has become a woman, glorying in her womanhood. During th e long and bitter struggle for a Jiving wage and a
decent chance to lil•e, the spirits of the workingme n
have been quicken ed with the old warlike spirit of our
Viking fath e rs. Their capacity, th eir cou rage, their e n duran ce, their willingness to sacrifice, to di e for that
which they know to be true....call the innate herois m, all
the elemental fighting qualities of their nature have
been called into play.
"The country needs you, my man. To \Var! ·• The
worker looks up, his back aching, his muscles taut, his
pulses beating, his temples throbbing in the intensity
of his fight, his heart still singing the song of brotherhood. "To go to war, and KILL?" No, Comrade, I
fight that men migh t LI\'E! " And, so, Sweden has
tried to teach his un willing lips her battle-cry, only
to hear him shout to his brothel'S across the trenches
the words, "Comrade. comrades, I una•,rstand!" Russia
has Ia bed him into battle with her whips, only to see
him cia p the mangled hand of a conscripted brother
on the other ide; at the point of the bayonet, be has
bPen drh·en into the midst of the artillery's bloody hail,
onls to mingle hi life-blood. in a last embrace, with the
me-blood of a fellow-workingman.
The piril that in pires the laborel' thus to take an
aggressh·e tand against war is the dynamic force for
peace.. The ardent zeal of the worker
enkindled
in the hearts or other men the fire or a new-er id eal of
pea.re-ol"er all the earth, pulses are beginning to throb
HI-RED~
with an w
RE
iD.-eatft! liT~ to
Y"
or ymn- ~add, ~- :ltMl
�The Western Com r a d e
LABOR BY THE
·POUND
,
By = = =
Eunice Evelyn Bright
is · this Sharp's ¥uscle a~ency?
This is the purchasing department of the
Steel Trust. I want to purchase 2,000
pound units per hour of labor to be de·
livered tomorrow morning."
"Hello, is this Shiner's Brain agency?
This is the purchasing department of the
Steel Trust. I want to purchase some
brain energy for use on a contract we
have. l want this energy for the next
two months. l want four thousand
thought units pet· hour from high speed, double tension,
lJ1 ains. See that delivery is made in the morning."
"'Hello, i~ this Grab's rJ eneral Energy agency? This
is the purchasing department of the Steel Trust. We
have a big contract for work to be done ou the ground
<II Kewaskum . I wa.nt to ship the human energy from
hero:, together ,\·ith the other materials. I will send you
specifications by messenger for the varieties of energy
needed, but the total will be 5,000 thought units per
hour and 10,000 pound units per hour of muscle power.
That is, at the customary rates per unit. Let me know
if you can fill th e order immediately upon receipt of
specifications."
Upon delivery of this energy to the Steel Trust's receiving department it is immediately subjected to the
Trust's own testing apparatus to make ce rtain that it
is up to specifications.
Impossible? Not a hit of it. Listen:
"What mode rn industry needs is a chemist of human
qualities, who can take a man, look him over, separate
him into his constituent parts, and decide whether he
meets certain requirements. A few years ago this
would h~_!.ve seemed a purely fantastical conception.
Todar it is becoming a practical possibility. A great
western manufacturing plant employs just such an expert in human .nature to sift..i.Dut of thirty to l!.fty thousand applicants per year the six thousand workmen that
it regularly employs."
That is the editorial introduction to an article In
the June McClure's magazine, written by Burton J .
Hendrick. The article is written to exploit a new phase
of "scientific management" or ::;peeding up and "squeez. ing out .'' The title of the article is ''l•'itling the Mau
to His Job," which means molding him into the job "£iie'.
employer has for him.
So the master class is to treat labor as it does coal.
It buys coal according to thermal units, foll owing scientific tests. The vital difference between coni and labor
!Jas n,ot yet beeu recognized by the master class. ~oal
cannot light back; labor can. Coal was meant to be
-enslaved for man. Labor was meant to be free. Coal
has no brains to be aroused and to plan for liberty.
Labor has.
It is not that we so much object to doing a job of
work in the shortest space of time with the least expenditure of energy; not so much that we object to
having people do the work that t!Jey are best fitted to
do-no, not that. But we mightily and constantly ob ject to training ourselves down to ringside condition to
produce to the last notch of "scientifically manage{.!"
efficiency while the product is individually appropriated
by the master of the bread.
Labor will not forever remain in the same class
with good steam coal!
until Charlemagne butted' in a thousand years before
Austerlitz and put one across on Rome. Then came
the joyous time when each little hot old baron, Sir
Tom, Sir Dick, and Sir Harry, represented himself, to be
succeeded in turn by the aristocracies of the ancient
regime. The king-killers went out from Paris and presently Napoleon, on his own account, kicked over the
pot that Charlemagne set a boiling. Bonaparte was followed by the triumphant if ''ulgar shopkeepers and cotton spinners who played their innings off their own bat
a11d ran bases on their own middle-class legs. This
brings us, of course, to Wall Street and its Rockefeller, and that's as far as we've got.
All these good and kind gentlemen enjoyed governing, had stood in line for the job and when they got It
they swung the government dungfork with their own
hand.s. What do we have now?
·we have government by hired man. No one in the
United States Senate represents himself. Standard Oil
has a hired man, Vanderbilts have a hired man, Steel
has a man, Tobacco has one, Wool several, the banks
half a dozen, Lumber is represented, and the Railroad
subsidize them all. Congress is mostly lawyers, and a
lawyer is a hired man.' All lawyers will go to hell of
course, but it will be to a hired man's hell and they
won't know they're in it.
·
Meantime while we have to be governed by hired
men only, could we not manage to throw a fresh lit of
Armageddon spirituality and have our national flunkies
uniformed? Why not Congress uniformed?
Now it would seem that bere Is a noble opening for
th e zealots of the great Bull Moose peni tent bench. Bull
Moose, being a righteous party, recently in siu now forgiven, would it not be 'the part of morality to Insist
either that the Senatorial and House flunkies shall wear
properly monogrammed llvery or that the principals
shall come there to represent themselves?
This business of government by hired men is too
irresponsible, it is too lax, it is too happy-go-lucky to
be safe in the Benevolent Feudalis m in which we shall
presently be living. Before the Trus t Feudalism is entirely consummated the moralists of the American
bourgeoisie s hould determinedly see to it that the heads
of the corporations themselves appear in the Senate, If
only once a week, and to assume such, all bona fide
trust magnates should be given a compulsory seat in the
Senate. Talk about your election ofA!enators. It's a fake.
It means the election of the real senator's livery. Then
let the hired man wear it, or have the magnate there
where we can see him and take our orders from the
boss himself.
Governmen.t....llJr-Wall Street will be a much happier
thing than many folks sup_pose. It's going to be 0. K.
and it would have come long since but for these clatterbrain-ed repentants who seem to think that praying Is
atonement for being a fool. In choosing between
government by penitent-bench and government by Wall
Street America wlll choose the Stree t, but she should
demand of these holystoned Insurgents before they get
up otr th eir knees that they shall put Wall Street in
the Senate in person and have done with government
by blred man.
!
�Hunter Fifteen
· ••QUALITY WINs••
ST. E-LMO
SU J 1 S
Carefully made by the best
wholesale tailors, especially
for Hunter's. The styles are
authentic; the workmanship
Is excellent; appearance Is
dignified and businesslike- ·
In fact, they are the best productions or the most sk1llful
and highest priced cutters
and tailors In the country.
For Men
$15
FINEST
CLEAR HAVANA
Use the Parcel Post
Sen~
to us for your furnishing goods. State size.
and color preference and leave the rest to our experts. You wil{ not be disappointed. Postage paid
on all orders over $1.00.
c•103fS
Holds Worlds Grand Prize
State Grand Prize
"Hurry to Hunter's"
Made from Cuba's Choicest Vuelta
Abajo, in all Popular Sizes and Shapes.
W. Hunter & Co.
ST. ELMO CIGAR CO.
525 So. Spring St.
lOS ANGElES
Los Angeles, Cal.
NEW LOCATION FOURTH AND SPRING STREETS
These spacious, well appointed, new quarters or the California Savings
Bank occupy the entire ground lloor and basement of this centrally located,
well known building; and are equipped with every modern convenience for
the benefit or our patrons.
You will like the quiet, good taste and the courteous, "homey" atmosphere or these new surroundings.
Among the many added features are a St.eamship Department, and one
of the largest, strongest Safe Deposit and Storage Vaults in the city.
You are invited to make use of the splendid banking facilities this fast
growing Institution has to offer you.
Savings and Commercial Accounts.
Resource!} Over $3,500,000.00
Calif'ot~nia
/ Savin§sBank
FOURTH AND SPRING STREETS
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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Western Comrade, 1913-07
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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1913-07
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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v01n04
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36 p.
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United States
California
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Los Angeles
Llano
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Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/720fb01f5c079bd705886a04fa402699.pdf
2dfeda49c4aa797f0d1e0925ed14c8d5
PDF Text
Text
JUNE, 1913
TEN CENTS
IN TillS NUMBER
,·
A \Votnan in
· thP RacP
By Anna A. Maley
<, , , I )esi~n Sketched From Photo
,,r MISS :0.1.\LEY hy
Hoh \Vagncr
'fhP Vindication of '
Won1an Suffrage
By Cameron H. King
By Emanuel Julius
The Pessitnistp. of Jack_London - R. A. Maynard
California Today and Tomorrow - - - -· By
--
�T be Western
Cc om r .a de
( ~..~~~~. :~:~~..~?..,.~~~M.!~l:w.~~mber
"You know Bill Jones' neck?"
"Yea."
"Well, he fell In the river up :to lt.''
So now we query:
"You know Rob Wagner'• face?
1
"Well he's going to get Into the next 'iiumber of The Western Comrade up to It-and Including ltl"
1
A pai~ter who haa carved for himself· a great big corner In the western hall of fame, an author whose wor~ Ia
called for the best publications in the whole country, he Ia a man who breathes life and energy and orlglruJIIty
and comradeship. For he Ia a comrade, real and true and earnest. Red of the red, Ia Wagner-Socialist to ' the
roots of hia hair.
•
~
•
(
So Wagner's portraitL sketched : by himself, will adorn the cover of The Western Comrade for July. You hjive
seen Wagner's sketches of other faces on the front cover for the past three months and now he himself Is to
stand revealed-revealed by his own hand I
And that will be a treat for you to think about! Nor Ia that all, by any mean•. For you'll want to kr:tow
about thla artist, this wizard of crayon and oil and pencil. You'll want to know the dreama he dreams, what he
sees in the future, what Inspires tllm In hla work I That will be told in a delightful conversation-story by Emanuel
Julius. It will do you good, cheer you up, brighten the whole month for you-this plct•Jre ~nd thla story of Wagner
and about Wagner. There Isn't a more Interesting person to be found anywhere than Wagnerl And when you
know him as you will know him after seeing the picture and reading the story you'll have something new and
cheering and thought provoking to think about. You'll see some new sparkles from life's prlaml
·
There will be a lot of new names In the July number, aa well. It will be the beat number yet. There will
be some powerful atorles, fact and fiction and propaganda. Every comrade ahould make sure of getting the July
number by at once sending In hla subscription. ··
For, to use one of Rob Wagner'a favorite aaylnga, "It will be a splash! It will ring the belli"
A Miracle of Civilization
By .Stanley B.
Wilson
The century plant grows in forbidden surroundings, a thorny, grisly,
homely thing, but holding in its hand a secret. Assimilating sustenance from
the earth and drin!ting in the rain and dew ; it stands nodding to the breeze
for a hundred years, and then springs into bloom of surpassing beauty.
Socialism, thorny, grisly, homely, forbidding to the senses of those who
are unfamiliar with its spirit and purpose-is not a chance growth. It is not
the creation of some modern Burbank of economics. It is not the product of
some new horticultural laboratory.
Long has it stood, devoid of popular recognition, shunned even by those
to whom it offered its blessings, struggling amid the woeful wastes of chaotic
society; but always there; always drinking in sustenance; always assimilating the elements of · growth and strength; always struggling for expansion
and expression, until today it stands forth a miracle of development and
power-the most interesting and influential factor in modern civilization.
The Western Comrade
Vol. 1.
~48
June, 1913.
Published Monthly by
The Citizen Publishing Co.
203 New High Street, P. 0. Box 135
Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
EDITORS
No. 3
I
Stanley B. Wilson
Chester M. Wrigfut
I
Associate Editors
Eleanor Wentworth
Emanuel Juli~s
Mila Tupper Maynard
Rob Wagner
Fred C. Wheeler
Editorial Writer- R. A. Maynard
�The Weste'rD
C.omr~de
Mount Shasta
"Like a hoary sentinel o'ertops surrounding country at--·
an altitude of 14,350 feet. See page 79.
�T .h e Western Comrade
76
c
tl
This World of Ours
ll'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!il ODDLI NG 01~
By CHESTER M. WRIGHT
i11 childish in110cence, the baby lisp scarce off its lips, the little o11e reached out O>ill.Jce soft
hand to /ouch Jhe world-to feel its pulse and sense its texture. The world but crunched a massive jaw;
the little mite went back to join the great White Throng from whence it came!
.
•
The world is Beast. It leaps and lurks and -lunges. It slinks in the. slwdow and prowls i~1 tile da1·k.
It peers through the night with a. lr.i/lion eyes of flame, seeking flesh and blood of lrmmm kirrd, savage,
brittal, reckless, in tire wild abandon of a drunken clwse, keen i1~ tlte wonder WO)'S tllat have come of
~
countless centuries of cunni11g, fierce iu the close-pressed pack of the lumt for life.
The world of the i1wuimate. seems to be a· Thing of life; a Tiring of life and torture. It seems to be
a Thing of vengeance, and fight and hate. It seems to /urn and grasp and bite and strike. It seems to
be opet~ly ~-iolet1t and, fralltic at times; at times soft aud Ptlrring and all mellow-liaflted and delicate,
gli11tiltg and shimmering a11d beckoning in de-<lilish treachery. It rises up in awful majesty and coolly raises one great arm
to crush 111 calciliated measure: it comes by stealth anlt sneakay to slowly poison and entice to death all w1awart'S.
This Tlwzg, the world, delights to."tawzt with d.angling joys the little mites that straggle o'er its face; delight~ to raise
thrm into rcstasies of joy rnzd wotzdrous heights of passioll; screams il£ ghoulish 1111rth the while the)/ build of strat · and
sled their play-huts ol a passi11g h our. A11d the11, just for the seeming pleasure of a passing whim the 1 hing but doses
j ust otll' eye 1111d by the flicker of the lash are catmtless hordes of pigmy folks swept back into that wondrous mire where
lie lhl' dmosaurs, u.:herc flit the souls of all those cozmtless ages that lwve gone.
lf'ild and wo1zderful is this world we boastingly call ours. Wild a11d stem. forbidding while it beckons on with honeyed
bait and subtly cha,11ging charm. At times it almost seems to take the ll!llllall form as shadows fall and misty dreamings
blilld the daylight eye. Its features seem of massive steel a11d stone and brick. Great flashing bulbs of man made light in
white and rrd alld bl11e seem as the eyes that shi11e from tmd.:r brows of mighty buildings made of all tire things the t•artll
yields up Ia dccm·atc her face. Great . engines. factories, repulsi-z:e ~·et compelling, are woven in with cormt/ess other things
of •·aricd usc tv form the cheeks and features of this mot1strous Thi11g, our world. And i11 the animation of its ponderous
mm·illg s th crc see ms to be a little bit of all there is i11volved i11 daily life-the straining cranes, the heaving, swingiug ropes
a11d guys of slz'rps, the trains, the gaping mines, the piles of stolle that crowd a11d push within the city straets. All this there
src·ms tv be ill this great Thing tl1.at bids us come and lose 011rselves in its great maw.
And the misty, ha=y dream of dusk time tells. no lie. The Thing has life. It wallis to cmsh and kill aud lure a11d trap
alld spclld its lust vu tender flesh. It shouts for joy as mall goes blindly 011 and Oil and gives no heed to what has go11e
be/orr. Its fist v( steel delights to grasp where dow11 tlze ages it has bem its wont to grasp, Its velvet paw dtrh•es rare
joy from stralillg through tir e night to creep in muffled stealth upo11 the little things th<~t scamper for a day through wlwt
we lm u<v as life.
·
} ' cf, as we struggle 011 and strive to use that ma.rvel brain with which this gia11t foemall t~et•er was endowed, we seem
tn know that we were made to master and to usc whet·e now we fur11ish ga me and food for what should be our slave. The
piled 11p struggle of the past has left with tis the key with which to lock the chains around the throat of this great Thi11g.
And e~·m 11ow as little so1tls are se11t i11_anguish from their shells of flesh we ga i11 what hope we hav e by knowillf! that we
lose to win; that as we flicker on the things we know shall be piled unto the things that those to come shall know and that
the thi11gs thus knvw11 will turn the key upo11 the Thing and h old it fast a slave and fount of joy and life for all ma11ki1&?} to
have. It s w hite hot brrath may beat rcpon tiS yet a little while; its eyes m.ay glare in mockery and damning glee upon o11r
paill ~·et for a time; its fin gers twitch a11d twi11e about our throats; its massive feet tread dow11 r1P011 our heads lo11g bowed
i11 fear, for j11st a little span.
·
A11d thet1-a11d then-and thell we win, we rise, we take from out the dimn ess of the past the brain that, gathcri11g there,
has lain i11 wait for us a11d, proud, we n'se to co11q11er and to have and hold! 'fire dt1ll, roa11 clay of all the sodde11 past has
lr ft its heritage to tcs and now we wi11! Oh, men and all the sOilS of mea! We wi11, by God, we win! We win to dwell
i11 peace and co mii!Oil mastery! The terror of the past is slain! 1 he world is ortrs! 1¥e wi11! In very tmth we gain the
victor~·! We sec the rising srm at1d if it1 these last hours of mist the Thi11g should flick tts off in some t11Ca11 dyi11g lurch we
mourn not as we go, for the comi11g light lws told us of the vict01·y, the victory that little souls like ours have come throt1gh
all the agony of time to gai11. At last toe win! The giant Thing is doomed to serve and all its myriad eyes 011d tc11sing,
fle.ring li111bs shall do for us 011r will! It seems as though all Time were made for 11aught but this!
.
~
�The Western 0-p mrade
MY BOYBy LiLLIAN PELEE
My boy, taU and fine
imct
strong;
Lrer r endy to right 3 wrong.
Stral:;ht as an arrow in acUon and deed;
l>nrcs ~olrc Ids opln..ton. when U1ere 1s n eed.
<.;ourteous to an. be it t>cwar or kin&:
A feeling lnbom that from U1e h eart must SJ)rina.
Voice low.
Each word falls tlnkllna clear,
Pure and lhnptd as a crystal tear.
GracJous, an'able, alway~ gay;
Adds a bit to U!c rach day;
Mind as broad as the Bca\·ens above.
No room for meanness in the boy I love.
His pride and hotfor. be h olds mdst dear.
Knows not what it is to tear.
Strength or body a:td stre~1gth or mlnd.
ComiJinecl qualltJcs. hard to find.
Beauty and talent blended in Olle;
A 10\'e for the serious. a lof"e for fun.
NoUling that 1s sordid or low
J;"'fnds a place tn his heart to grow.
Always exwndlng a helping hand
To atd the weaker "in the land.
No fanatlcal creed holds its S\ny
Over thJs boy or mtnc. open as cla.v.
Some wOuld r:all him "Hero,u "Ideal!"
Or other word£~ so true and real:
But though I know. he deserves them all,
I U.1tnk It hetLer just to call
This one who give!'! me so much joy
Two simple word1- tbey are, ".My boy I"
77
�78
The Western Cor.nrade
California of Today.
~~~~~~HE
m;.T
·~
..
imagination of a Jules Verne never
conceived roman
to equal the fact in
California's
earlycehistory.
The state's name is sa id to have had
its origin in a Span i sh romance, first
published in 1510. Cortes, who discovered the territory in 1535, chri stened it.
For thf' period between that date and
~
th e founding yf th e missions in 1169
there is little authentic history.
J.t was under Spanish and Mexican
rule from 1169 to 184G and was ad mitted t o the union
of states and became part of the republi c in 1849.
Its IJamf' ha\·ing had its origin in a romance, it is
i"'nlliarly fitting that thE' ch r onic- les of its early histor.\· shou ld read like a tal c of th e MiddlE' Ages .
The story of the work of t he .Jesuit priests and
founding of Franciscan mission s with the history of thf'
presidio period is as weird!.\· fascinating as any tale of
t;rPcian or ;-.;orse mythology.
Ca lifornia's lan d an•a is 1::,:,,6:.2 sq uare miles or
lftl,:l:,o,40IJ acres. It is thP st?c·ond state in gross area
in the United Statrs and had a population in 1910 of
2.:lii,S49.
\\"hat th csl" figures l!lPan c·an hE' best ~hO\\'tl by
romparison. The six New Enii;l a nd states ha\·1" a combined land area of but G1.91G S']uare mil es and an aggrt>gat p population of G,;.52.GX1. The lan d area of l\'e\\'
York, P ennsylva ni a, lllinoi s and New J ersey i s 1i"•6. 04~
square miles, yet these states contain a population of
24.9f>4,483.
The t'nit ed Kingdom - England, \Vales.
Scotland and 1reland has an area of I 2 I ,39 1 square
rniiPs ;,ml a population of 4:•. 21 6.66:•.
In :~ th e r words the l ' nited Kingdom with far sma lle r
area has nearly fifte e n tinws as rnaoy ppo ple as Cali fornia.
The census of 191 0 r eportrd the improved land in
farms as 11,389,R94 acres. an area grPat er than that
of tho states of Massachusetts, Connecticut. D elaware
and Rhode I sland combined.
A statement from the United States general land
office gave the public land s vacant and subject to en try
and settlement on June 30. 191 1. as 18,0 12,903 acres sur YPye<l, and 5,350,06 1 unsurv eyed , or a total of 23,362,964
aeres. an area greater than New Hampshire. Massarh n se tt s, New J er sey, Connecticut. De l a ware and Rhod e
I sland combined.
Hut of this l arge acreage the greater portion co nsists of mountain and desert land not yet availab l e for
irrigation .
Of the 88,197 farms. 9112 contain more than SOO
a c r es each, while -the total acreage of the state und er
irrigation in 1910 was 5,490,361 acres.
California has been rightfull y called an empire in
ex tent and is on l y excee1led by the state of Texas.
\\'ithin its borders are the extremes of climate of
the t emperate and semi -trop ic zones. although th e
greater portion has an exceptionally genial a nd eq uabl e
c limate.
·with a ferti li ty of so il une xcelled anywhere in the
w orld , all tbe prod uc ts of th e temperate and semi - tropic
zones, including fruits and Yegetables, are grown in
profusion. It contains nearly e\·ery known mineral and
the min eral production for 1910 was in. \·aJue $88,4 19.079.
The state has a coast line 1200 miles in l engt h, with
three of the world's best harbors and is traversed by
three extensive mountain ranges: the Sierra Nevada,
Sierra Madre and Coast ranges. Mountain, mesa, plain,
Yosemite Falls
"Volume of white water plunges 2,600 feet-half
a mile."
va lier. lakes. rivers and seashore- these comprise its
gen era l topography .
So much for the cyc loped i c facts, each one of which
wi ll be pregnant with significance for human kind when
the sun of the new day h as ri sen.
The story , howe ver. i s not comp l ete without r eference
to a wealth n ot to be put in figures-marve l s of beauty
and gl ory for the er e in rno<mtain peaks. cascades of
�The Western Comna.de
nd Tomorrow
wa~ers,
broad eXJ)ans·e of ocean and limittle!Js horizon.
Gual'di'l'lg fhe nor~hern en~rance ot the state fn
!4-1\as~a Counfy is Mount Mssen, which rea~rs its head
lft,.'!77 feet above· tne I.e\lel. of nhe sea, whHe Shasta, a
'er itabl e lUng l!l~ rnounnaiu peaks. like a hoary s-entfnei
o·erfops (he surrounding country at an artitude · mf
1·1,3;,1!) feet.
I onC'c E'ntered the snare frm.m Oregon on a Jianuary
cia)'.
Great flakes of fleeey snow filled the air as the
train near~>d fhe vicinity of Shasta, Arr eyes were
\' atclling ior a first glirnL•st• 0f the mighty mountain
"hen suddenly the sun broke through the closed banks
:1 nd a wondrous IJil'ture stoo€1 r-eveale•d.
Like a great shtp on a clear morning, looming sud<lf>nly Hom out a heavy fng bank, so stood t he great
><tww-cappPd J.H'ak towering nearly three miles above
"ltarply outlin(•d in the bri~ht sunlight, gleaming in
rainhow colors-a sight to he long remembered . The
•·ntin' l!•ngth of the !o'Hara .:;'e"ada range from Mount
I,ai<>'en ~outh is a continuouH panorama of natural
lll·ittlty-lak<'!>, f'll·ers, and water'falls, peaks, canyons
and (·~· ergrPt·n fon•flts.
OnP "' t hP n,o ~t interPHtfng regions In thP entire
't" t" .~ that on the IJordPr line between California and
:\t•i·IH.la, ktwwn as the lakp region, where are twe nty
"~' morr• Jakes at an elevation of from 1!000 to 10,000
r.... t. Jlp]'(• iH LakP T ahoe. the largest hod y of fresh
1\1tter on t•arth at the Io.noo feet level. Ten milt>s in
1<'111/:th, wit h an H\'enlge width of six'rnil es. it li es at th e
1 .. : ·~· s um mil of th e Sierra s and is th e cen ter of a
t·•·~~:iun of Ht: t•ni r hea ut y certa lul y not s urpassE- d any" ltPrP in lite l ' nit ed Sta t es, pe rhap s not in the world.
Thi s is th e an~~: l er's paradi se. Th e la k es, riv e rs and
l•rno ks of the r egio n abound with trout of nil kind s. from
i ),.. Ha lhwn trout nath·e of th e wat e rs of T ahoe to th e
1·::-tRtPI'n ur'ook trout fou nd In th e fasci n at in g m ountain
'"·"n its which thread th e mountain s id cH.
Ottce, accompanied by frien ds , I le ft my hom e late
•111 a sllm met' aftPruoo n o n a fi s hin g trip to this r eg io n .
.-\ftpr an e n joya ble drlve of a score of miles on a tn>i cal
tlt llottl lt e \·ertlng \\'e r eac hed a beautiful ca n yon at the
fool of onp of t be s now -capped peaks- a c harming s po t
'" a l<n er of natural beauty .
H \i~hi llg dmvn th e s lee p descent. forming th e center
of the picture, was one of th e most beautiful of mountai n l>rqokl'. T hP watE-rs we re clear as C'rysta l and so
~h arp "·as thPir descen t that where1·er thE>y met with
an ohsti'uction, th ere \va s a miniature <'ata racl. fr om
11 hich th<'Y 'rush ed madly forward only to fall perhaps
a ft• l\' feet farther on in to the quiet and rush of some
~ •'e lUded pool.
Th~> c·a nyot\ wa s narrow with banks slopi ng on either
~it1f' \o lhe \'!'I'Y water's edge, and <'overed with a
ln xnrlant second growth of pin'!' <>xtendlng UJl, up and
up to ,,·hat Sf'f'med the very snnnnlt of the mountain-a
,.:o]iod masR of >;l'ee·n foliage.
An1id sud1 sllrroundings, out in the open ai r, unde r
11w lhic k ·r oliage of the plnes., making thf' air heavy
Wi tli its fragrance. we Jay down t(1) rest..
Lying ·111ere one could gaze u'jlward thromgb the
foliage to the ·twinklitig stars o'i'erhead. while eve r
ringing in the ears, was the •i ncessant mns~c (I)[ the
brook. O('C,asio·naiiY lit(l)Ken ·in npon by the cana of a
nigh t ~~i'r·ll. wh il e co\'el'ing ::11 with Hs mell(I)W ratdd1!Jilce
By
R~ A~
MAYNARD
"'as hfue so:l!t light of thee npid.l(y desG:endin.g .A..ugQst
moon...
E l'La.dl often been alone ~i:th nB~tu.r& !:tt many o.f h..er
myuiad moods. but I! had n ever befoll& passed a ntgbt
amfdl such suuuoundings : had ne-ver before- b,e en whetre>
I cotrid funagine that I felt the beating amd tbtr0bbiug of
her gr-eat, tender heart.
Never again on earth do r e-xpect to come consciously
nearer to hhe Hea.r t of the Universe tban amid thes·e
surToundings on this· August night, beside this mountain~
hrook.
Scarcely less beautiful was the scene in the morning
sunlight. Although with the dawn, the weirdness had
dE>parted from the landscape, yet the litth~ brook sang
on as merrily as in tbe silence of tbe night, while now
its waters glinted and sparkled in the sunlight, lnexpressible but very real I found was the inspiration and
added trust which had come to my soul direct from
Nature's heart.
Down the range in Inyo County, the greatest altitude
of th e Sierra Nevadas is reached. Mount Whitney, one
of the highest peaks in the United States, is 14.502.1'eet
above sea le vel, while numerous others, within easy
range, pierce the clouds at a h e ight of o~ e r 10,000 feet.
H e re the "American Alps" can be seen in nil their magnifi ce nc e and grandeur; here lofty, snow -ca pped peaks
and pine forests sentinel radiant meadows .
W e r e it possible for a ll the over-worked desk and
co un ter sla ves, all th e workers in kitch en nnd factory,
in shop and mill to escape from th eir multiform drudg e~y at least one~ In each year and s pend a few weeks
or month s up he re with these massive peak s for n e igh .
bors, every atom and cranny of their being would become brimful of life and e very breath drawn cause such
tingling of the nerves and quickening of th e pul se th a t
the wh ole being would echo th e r efrain of life, life-life .
To stand on a mountain peak at sunset-s uc h a s un set as only comes In th e mountains-a s uns et glowing
as if the Creator's fires were just dying out;. and In the
afterglow with its orange, amber, pearl a nd smoky
opalescence to feel one's soul e xpand to Its utmos t ten .
sion, until th e sense of perso nal identity is almost lost
in the overpowering Influen ce of the mighty e xpression
of Nature's life-this it is to li ve.
Life, life in its fullness can n eve r be kno wn to any
save as e ve r y atom of one's being is made to r espond
to its utmost limit by nature's master hand .
Farther up the range is Yosemite, one of th e natlon't!
playgrounds. A mi s nom e r today as only compa ratively
few people have ever seen it.
Yosemite National Park is in .the heart of the Sierras
and in extent Is thirty - six by forty-eight miles, "The
valley itself is a cui de sac about seven miles long by
three - quarter·s of a mile wide. Its center l.s a level
parklike meadow through which a tunefu l river runs:
a peaceful place, where ove r the stream s bend alder.
willow, fl ower ing dogwood , balm of Gilead, and otber
water-lovlng trees; where groves ot t all pines and
groups of black oaks are interspers-e d wltb carp.e ts of
emerald verdure matd,e colorful by man_r varletle.s o!
wild flower s, such as lupine.s, dal.sies, goldenrods, mlnts,
w[tih .g reen ferns gf :all varJetie.s in secluded dells. Attogether a quaint, flowered land.scape (Dj' trees and p~ain
a;n d stream with stretrebes of sha·u·lits.
�e Western Comra.
T
M..-,..,.
ft.~
~,....
./,
64
riize
gn.y, ~e:
«,~~~ m~.
lii~Kll., f>' '>'~14 ~<J.W%f~
~ fl'G
t~,_. M~$"......~~ e&f.t<Kt'Jtf, ~~~ gialr.;t-&di!m
dt~ ~Mi
e.to:U
d(~, Sl'l)oiJr~ ~ ~
JJ'OIIJ'D!-
~M( trl'f>'d,W·Mt, '~"'''~ !fld
(.l<'• g n.-~.
ae Sl'ian
1•· a<tlll' ~N!UIIV&AA lf,v t&lk'&41JIW' at..d ~ 6f it at-e ftollre ~~~• ftf~A"
fA
~ ~~r;r.v.,..(
t:f,:l:1tm,
,-1'1 g,¢11<'11<; M•d 11>!'11Uft;<.t; y - liOM. l!miHfltiJI> wkw of
Ud M'"'*'"'' ~~" ""'' ~,.m~binf!' ami arft flll)l( 01"t:-rbome
11w f·::-u ~~~• 11>fniM~h~>~' aJo~'""'; tf•t: dabfy is as! mucll
•w
1ft I,Miw 11, ,.-,,~·lull~ a"
Ow 1•~>'1111 f1f I tw aU• 'f
*
111 "::ll••llafl!'
;o,.,,
'"' ff•l< d1mdUII,r: HaJP oome at
~~~~-~-r
•J•t YfJ51':miH: is
dilf>i
su-
'''''"'''·
'1(~•·11
''''Ill llw ~aU1·r •·•·~>1•-r, Y•JJO•·rnile J-•all>! seem
'llw' 1111 Ill f>'ll'l al•/711 tbirty- fin· !eet
'~• i1l•• M••l .., lw11 I lw • lr•·iUH il< f11ll 1Jwir rm.r '"'" be
lw11rtf ull 11t1•r llw fiall1·y llalf 14itf at·m!fj( tiw .-alley
il H Jli!l'l 111 fl•aHu· lhal lhi>' ,.,,Jmm· ••f whi11· water
HII<IIUIHil 11111
z,;,.,,
.,,,m.
lt·l'f
hHir a ,,,,, ..
1;11
•f•ii•'l• lrJII!If l11• ,~.;h·•·n 111 1hi11 IHmdrous
Jwauf~ rfii •L 1111W
tmO~rll'f f'lan~nmnd ill narm· alone.
'''''N' "t.u 11111 llt•\' l •r " " ' " ' 111 ~~~~· tlw rt·allt.- read
JniHI M lift '~ l111nk
"Om· Sar fllllal l'ark!S."
•
l•htiH'P~
HtH
t,,.,
.I""'
'''f'
"urd "" llw n·HHII'ka "''' fHn·!SI K of t h(• s tate.
'11 11·~,. Hr'l• ,,.,, gt'tHIJ •>' 11f 1111· St•q twia!'l or "Bi~ Trees"
11-1 lf11•; til•· ' '""""'''")' f'tdl,·d wi tldfl t hr· t! late. of which
Sequoi a Gi ant of Mariposa Group
11
l fll ••••, I f••· ~IHI'I f'll ~a. ~l•·n·I'IJ mul T tltl!nrnnr· ar•· withi n
,,,. 1'111111111'11 "' ru~ t·lllil• · l'ark,
'l'l11• IHt •l'l!/'.1• fll•lgl ll ur l fll·~t· ll't·t ·~ f>( alum t 2~:, feet,
tli lfllllll{fl ~11 1111 • hH I'I' ht•• ·ll f111111d lo t• Xi' l •t•tl :12;, ft•t•l. The
Jlll•l'llfll' dtllllli'li•t• '" tdllll ll Zll ,.,., .1 , ;tllltflllgh S fllllf• t•xr·epcl
!I ll
a11d l li; •lt• Hf;l•• ltHK JJ(•f'll f' t! tlttllfl!·d at from :.ooo
lo k llllll ~·t•l t l'~
Jn fHirlltlo tJ 111 lilu ~ ;· l'lll'f'tl l glani K !IH• rf' is still standIll!{ fl l't•ti l f'ut' f' K i t~ ll f' l'! •d ll llllrflllltl piiiP. lf llm ilnlcll County
IIIUIII' llt'IM IIIIil l ~· l iltd ~.:lS,II tll; 111'1'1'~ of 'n•dll'ood timhcr.
Ill' !f ilM ii,llllll lll'l't•H IIHI't• lli •t•ll 1' 111. l f'ill"lng 4fil.l100
ltt • l ' l' ~ Mllll Hl ollldln g, "'' 11'!1!11 I1U ~ li!•t· n (•s l imat ed at
·lfi ,tiiiii ,IIJIIJ ,IIIill i'J•PI nl' l't•d ll'nod Iundt .,. , At till' present
1'1111' ttl' llllllllll'lu•ltll'l' nl•oul a~,u.IIJJJI,IIllll f<>r l annua lly,
tlti ~ ~ ll!lld ,l ', It I~ •·lu ln tl'tl. ll'tHtltl laMt tl t'llr l y a el'uturr.
Add Ill tid ~ otlil'l' l'lll'I'H(H
I'Niwootl. sug-a r pin e
lllltl tJtlu •l' \lllod M llllll t'tlilrornta ~:~til l has r Pmaining; a
rnt' t' ~ l ~ lljljJJ ,I' ~ 1 '11 1'1 ' 1'1 ,1' tO ill' lNilll'd iu consitl<•rab l t>.
In ilil~ tlt•~ nlpllnn 111' lllll\ll't\ 1 IH'a liiY no lli(•ntion h as
,I t>t IJ, .,,II lllll\11' ul' ht•n uty
oc·t•nn and st>a~ h ur"'· of
l ll l tlltd ~ orr tilt• Pllt\Ml, or IJayM and iul r.>t
or seaside
n•~ul't .
'l' h l'~l' lll'l' ll'l•ll - ntgh lnnum erablrJ. Combina t l!iii K
1110\11\tnln, ot· nn, plain nud ca n yon art> not at
nil t'lll't• t\1\ll th t• :-tct•11l · hNHIIY of this rharaf'ter is
r,.,,,,
ur
or
ur
\111 ~ \II' IHI HHI•II.
tll'l' 1'1\1'1111! tllltl fnrtn home~. I h(' like of
Hl't• 1\\ll (\\ Ill'
lUIId Ill lll\Y
ther !;[filE'. Great
!1 \l't'l\' ltt• i'\ lit' \' t\llt·~· x In
ltl'\11'1 rrnits. !lpple, prune,
t\lll'k nt , !WI\ •h, nlh't'. n lmond and \\'nlnut or hards:
jl;l't'\\t \' llll'~' lll'tl~, JH\Il\1 tll'i \' 1'~ and nt•alyptm; grO\'I'S dot
'l'ht11\ t hl't'l'
r
whl\•h
th•' hlllll:-tt't\llt' , l' ox;.;x, 11 \\\'t'I'S of all ntrit•ties. ttlant •
Hhl'Hhx \\lid tH'IHil\\\'nlal tt' t'l's nr!' tto,;:-;ihle- to ,·ery home
\\ ht'll\l'l' •mtnll·~·
t' lll'han : \\'hih•
n~rkullural t)rod -
nil
111' 1:-t, 11:1'1\\\'11 In tm~· i\H\lt' nrl' hN•' l\l'odu etl.
\'tl~l nil h'l't'lhw~· ~· l~c•ll~ oil in t•uonmms qnnntity
IIIII If 1'\1'1'1\t'l\l ltlmlll~'. A shll:(h' t•mmty in 1!11 1\ had
~
ll\11~· IHll\111\ 11f H,ll\111 l~1rr~l~, whik h>' annual
111 1 1111'1 ('~
\ll,tllll,,llllli in \'nln~. Alltl thi but a
~ ht~l" 1 1\11\t~· whH,, thl.' "'nth'l.' oil - t~ror.ludn,., t .-rritory
I' h'il ~~ \\1 1\11\1\~'
111\lii'S.
,,,,,.._,,,tt
,.
• n'<t S\'t
thl~
~" l ''' \\'tl~\
•II
wm
two:auts
,.
,.
u~ w~lth
of m
'~i~t" h'Jd~·
f
•~rial
r but.
mines and oil wells. its mills and factoril'- and th
diYidends from its transportation y te rns and pow r
plants are all f or the few.
The many are exploi ted and lh·e liYE'S of self - d ninl
and want- that the few may pos. ess l'normous w alth
and power.
The beauty of mountain and seashore. of nation's
pl ayground s. of mountain and ocean sunsets. of wat rfalls. ca t aracts and great forests do not E>xist for th
mass. only for those who hav e wealth and l eis urf:'.
There are t " ·o landed proprietors in Ca lifornia-on e a corpora tion, the other an indi\'idual-who a h
own three-quarters o f a mi llion acres of th e best
t imber land in the world. The comb in ed area of th se
two holdin gs is 2342 squa r e mil es.
There i s in the stat e fa llin g water enough to produce 5,000.000 horse l?ow er of electrical energy.
\Ve
now lfse for all purposes about 3fJO,OOtl hor;;epow r,
worth $200 each or $10.000,000 in the aggregat e : at th
sa m e rate 5,000,000 horsepower are worth $ 1.000,000,000.
A ll of this water bel ongs now and always will belong
to tb e people as a part of their patrimon~·. Hut they
have already giYen away forever the right tfJ use that
$i0,000,000 worth of energy.
Says former Governor Pardee:
"At 6 per cent, therefore. we are compel l ed to pay,
to one company, a present but constantly increasing tribute of $84 0.000 for the prh·ilege of using electricity generated by falling water belonging. from the
bE>ginning and fore,·er, to us.
"If WI' should continue to hE' prodigal sons with our
water right patrimony until the entir e :..000.0110 horsepower ha\'e b('en gi\'en away, future gem•ralions or
Californian will be compelled to pay, as we are paying, a constantl)·-increasing tribut E' for the pri,·itege o r
using the product of their water patrimony. The value
of that patrimony is ea-ily H ,ftOO,OOO.flf~tl. Our children
will be compelled lo pa~- at least $121t.fll#l.•!IUI of annual
tribute to those to whom we gil·e iL''
In a slate capable of supporting HH'nty ime~< its
present population with its resources fully del'eloped
and its products properly dis ribuled he great bulk of
i
people iead a band to mou ·h existence.
"
....,._ un:-e
<~~
sm n
"-hat
or the years
o
.
come~
Is
tber&? &n:r promise
�T 'he Western Comrade
o1' future· chang-e; any h.ope that t.l'te magnhlieen:t
h-eTHag.e nanure has beql'leath-ed for the pllea:scure and
enj0ym ene o1! an can be so administered! that al11 may
enter into ~h-ei r iObPrinance?.
Can H1e empire approDri a~e d by the tiew be reC'lai•med f~H· alP
not only c·an hur will be. Moreover the process
o f t>xprojJria! i OFl Iilas alr ~·ady l'legu n. Already the maC"binery of governme!lt is in fh.e hands o~ rhe people.
'Fhe Ia \\IS Ha•y SPe ~o tJe g0ot<l th(•y have p0wer to enaeL
The strc·{'e~~ive seeps by which the goal i s to he reached
c·anno! l1e dPif•rNJined sa\'e as rhe issues ari'se. But
surely. 'f(•ad il y !he diHpl}:<se~sed ma:~ses are uniting
and inc ·rea~ing their Hftl•ngfiJ to r final victory.
H t•••fuin•s no Jlrr>Ph~>t',o; vi~ion to foretell the gen ••ral r·har·i•<·!Pt of !tw approadliltg Ha. · It is aJr·e ady
aptlaH;nt rhat sor-ia l rw• ·•l. not pri\·ate grePd. w lll dominafp
•·r)· ph as•· of l!r, ..
i n !hat ditY soc i al O\\ m·r~hip ()f all that is sod ally
lll'f't'~sar-)
1\ !JJ hiiVf• HJIT!'I'fif •tl the prhatf' OWIWrship
ai11l at•pr-ot•dl({ ior, that now ohralnB and thf> n•ign of
<·:qr!Hdi-.d•:. Will haVt> f·pn~t·d.
\\.hat a ,.,,rifahl" par-adi>•,.. this great sta t !' will !Jc
V>llf•it it' hutlfltll~->ss l'<·~OIIU· <·s are at thf> di~posa l of
tt r o~•· to "loom nattln· """" tlu ·rn for the ir fullest use
a nd l'f1jo~ nwnl
Ho i\ >:Ptfl•rotJ~J~· and ho11 nti fully thPse stretc lws of
d•·:wrt ~oif wi ll yJp ffi wht· n thP great ,·oJume of water
t•roViuP d ''·1· nattfl·p fnr t iJPir irrigation is di stribut ed
a~ ll•t· IH•st ~ kill c! i!' t nt<"H. wi th rPgard
only to the
\\ Jsp~ f JHlH~iliJ<· IIRI'
\\'h,,n all thi li gr .. at Htoragp power of en e rgy in
fall i ng w att •i's Rhall IJP lihPraiPd and own pd and conI ro iiPd h .1· t ht· ppo plf> or t hP Htate and e very t ested
fnt· f hud in agr•lf-ultural ><t· i p fl( 'P !'an b e usE"d at on ce in
g n·af .,~t
•·ronom y; wlwn t•· ~ I K of so il a nd tempera' ii!'P Iii<'Hn pr·nmpt arHI fui i P~ l u sr• of eac h loc·a l ily for
w l ~t!l if l~t •s r cu n ylP irl : whPn th e
h eavy gains now
found In l argt· farming ar p multiplied many tim es hy
HtH ' ial adlllini><fratinn, th E' r PR ttlting YiPld in grain a nd
l'rtilf C'H!llllll j,p ( 'II IH ' !'i\ p (], ~0 E' llOrmOUS will b e t he
rr
81
There will! be- depe-nden.ee stilL, but the s.elfi-respectfng d.ep:en:den:ce of eaeli. upen aD. Bind Bill! upo.n.. eacbJ..
Not untlly freedom a:n:dl pient:r. but b.eBiu1iy will reign
fn lifegreeo befotre unknown..
The entire state develeped as Ian:dseatP€' arebiiteets
wilE p ian. wfth regard only to the P€-rfecting; of it till
*''
httr, · t ·~ r .
In li•at da y, too. ll11• !tan·ps ( will he for th e SO\'I· er
aml t li P r .. a l"'r and Labor will bp frE"e.
Jo'r(•f• laiJOr think what that will mean! No l onger
r l11 • c•ringlng lic•forP t li P pri \' ale bos s.
No lon ge r th e
llll>ttnc ·it1g ~ \\' ord of th e' lo st j ob o,·e r eve ry worker's
IH •Htl ~
"Great stretches of valley in citrus fruits"
What j oy and pride we will then take in this great
garden park of the world, when all of us can enjoy it!
\\' hen \'acations, travel and money in the purse is
the lot of all , how we shall revel in the glory of mountal n sce n e and ocean wave!
How gladly we w ill make accessibl e these delights
to workers from other climes in their well-earned
resting seasons!
Too good to be true?
.lust good enough to be true. For humanity's faith
that Love has meaning in this old earth must soon find
its ful!illment.
Brotherhood is a great omnipre sent
fact of the Universe and will not forev er be a c r eed
upon th e lips to be denied in daily life.
Ju st good enough to be true In a world which bel ongs to Truth and Life and Love.
And when shall thes e things be?
In a glad tomo rrow-a tomorrow fast op ening u pon
today.
MOTHERING THE MOTHERLESS
ll E happiness ol' lht> motl.tct· comes not. al?ne
tv tliost• to whom natur·e g rants a child.
l t t'olll\'s in Pqua l measure to an army of
\\' ollH'n who know as I hei r 0\\'n childr en
t host ' whom th e \\'odd ha.' ldt motherless. lt
hloo;;s<·:.; ntnn,, · whom naturP has IPI't childl ess, that
:t ll ~· hildt ' t • n might •·n il th••m mother.
];; it ll• 'II Pt'ally 1\!to\\' 11 that our orp hans' homes
Httd ;;tat .. in,.;!itutions Nlllllflt supply the demand
for• 11 <' \\·- hut'u aml \' Cl',\' young c hildren ? Indeed ,
I'OtliJHll'ati\·t>ly fe w children of any age whose
l11·n lt h nllo \\'s them to he p lacctl in honws r ema in
Jl t'I'IIHlllt' nt 1\' nnclaiml'd. 'l' hNc would he fewer
still if opp~n·tuniti•·s were gr~1cr:lily lmown, and
if authorities 'H'I'C not so wisely cautious that
Oltl,'' the hcst homes in ~·Yt'l',\' respect he giH!D the
state's t: hildrcu. lf they only knew, too, how the
older child rcn long for a ''truly home.'' Th ey
are happy in the institutions, but are hungry for
the small home atmosphere.
Ouc boy who was plaeed from a State Home
for D<•pend eut Children was taken back again
b ec ause he was unquestionably ill-used and overworked. l n spite of this the child was brokenhea rtrd to lcaYe even this makeshift of a home, it
"·as so much bett er than to belong nowhere. How
many hungry h ea rts would have been glad to hold
him close had they but known or thought!
Th e prolJi em, after all, is easier for the children and the pareotless than for the misfit in
(•xi stiug homes.
�82
The Western Comrade
The Vindication of Woman Suffrage
By CAMERON
E women of San Francisco have vindicated woman suffrage.
The women of San Francisco have
vindicated th e judicial recall.
That is the result of the municipal
electio n held in th e metropolis of the
Pacific Coast on April 22 of this year.
Wherever putrid . government raises
its hideous head, there the police courts
are seen to be a festering sore on the
body politic. San !~rancisco is no exception to the rule. It has been known to the male
YOters for many years that t he police court and the
"system" there was rotten. But th e male voters acrepted a rotten police court as inev ita ble. Th e protection of crooks, the defiance of decencY, the defeat of
ju ~ ti ce t hat was part of the police court system seemed
to th e mal e voten; as ineradicable as a cancer.
Hut th e arou se d wo manhood of San Francisco
1 hough t otherw ise.
\\'o man hood had been wronged in
tho police court. lly the negligence and complaisance
of a judge a man charged with assault on a young girl
had bee n allow e d to esca1w. and th e moth e rs of the
cit y det e rmined that a whol es ome lesson in morality
and justice shou ld be taught that judge and the \\·hol e
of th e "honorable cour t."
The lesson has bee n taught. lt will be some time
IJ e for p th e honorabl e co urt will forget.
Th p ca se of P<•op le vs _ Hendri ck s prec ipitated the
trouiJit·. Il Pndricks used that fa\·orite method of
st> c!UC"Pr S , an automobil e ride, to lure two young girls
to a roadhous e . H e attPmpted to assault one of th em,
lnll 1111th €'SC' ap€'d and he was arrested. One judge
fi xP d Ids bail at $3000. A police court attorney, one of
thC' "syste m" lawy e rs, went before Jud ge C. L. Weller
wit h $1000 IJail furnished by a notorious saloonman who
conducts th e "syste m's" ball bond business, and got an
ordPr rel easln!'; H e ndri cks from jail. H endrick s de <'atnpPd. And th e case, of course, was e nded in fact
if not in th e eye of the law.
Rath e r that would hav e bee n the end of it, if th ere
ha d \• Pe n no woman suffrage. It would have been the
C' nd of it if th e re had been no judicial recall.
lll e n would nev er have gotten excited about the
<?sra pe of a while man charged with assault. Of course,
if h<? had lleen a black man, he wou ld have been recaptur ed and lynched. But a white man trying to seduce
or assault a while gir l-the average man shrugs his
shoulders; it isn't his gir l ; and it's none of his con<"E'ru; besides the gir l must have been partly to blame.
That is th e male point of view. There is a sort of sex
solidarity that numbs t he morality that has bee n
preac hed into them .
Women have a similar sex solidarity, and a different attitude. And the women of San Francisco, armed
with the bal lot, dec ided to use that power to protect
th€'ir daughters. As the story of the Hendricks case was
told to the ditierent women's clubs a r es ponsive chord
\\' I!.S struck.
Woman's indignation at police court
m et hods wa s aroused and they took counsel as to
remedies.
Impeachment was impossible. The judge wa s within
his legal right when he reduced the bail of the priso nE'r. Mo r eover, it was certain that no remedy could
he obtained from the fraternit y of lawyers and poli -
H . KING
ticians who would conduct the trial of a police judge.
There is a clique solidarity, a consciousness of similar
interests, among them that would be invincible by the
forces at the women's command.
But the final source of power and the new court of
last resort is the people. And by virtue of the recall
an appeal will lie to them at any time upon a just
cause. It was to this court the women appealed.
Petitions ·were drafted. But even here the slick,
slippery, trickery of the police court system began to
work. Spies and traitors were introduced into the
councils of the women and wormed themselves into
places of responsibility. Petitions disappeared. Dissensions and quarrels were stirred up. Finally the dis turbers were forced out and the women in ~arnest went
to work getting names. In twu weeks they got over
10,000 signatures of persons who desired the recall of
Weller.
Then began a sear ch for a candidate to succeed
Weller. Lawyers were very reluctant-except those
who were undesirable. At las t a progres sive young attorney named Wiley F. Crist was impressed into a
candidacy and the campaign was on in ea rnest. Behind Police Judge Weller were all the saloon element
and professional politicians, many of the fraternal orders and most of the "highly respectables·· who viewed
with alarm the revolutionary procedure of recalling that
bulwark of property rights, a judge of the law . As is
usually the case, Pacific A\·enue alli ed itself with Pacific Stree t-B ig Business with the Barbary Coast.
Behind Crist were the women-not th e women of
Pacific Street, not the women of Pacific Avenue-but
th e r es pectab le, dec e nt women of the community, who
still beli e \·e in chastity as a virtue. The campaign of
the r ecallers went into mothers' clubs, and women's
organizations, n e ighborhood m ee tings and the churches .
·weller we nt the rounds of the sa loons and co nc luded
that it was all hi s own way and th e re was no need to
spend much money. Th e saloon men were all for him.
At the clubs where spicy stories are told to th e clink
of the glasses of good fellowship all the rounders were
going to vote for Well e r. The politicians assured him
there was nothing to thi s "old he ns flutt ering" because
a hawk had swooped down on a "chicken." The
lawyers begged to assure his honor that th ey he ld the
court in too great esteem and regarded its independence too high ly to lend themselves to an attempt to
make it accountable to the pa ssi ng hyste ria of a female
mob. With these assurances why should \Vell er worry?
But the recallers began to dig up more facts. Other
cases where ·weller ilad permitted enem ies of girls to
go unpunished we re brought to light. W e ll e r began to
get un easy. He publish ed falsified endorsements from
the officials of the juveni le court. Th ese were promptly
repudiated and the trickery of \Yell e r e xposed.
The newspapers were mostly passh·e supporters or
Weller. The Bu lletin at first gave hearty su pport to the
recall and then became lukewarm . The Scripps paper,
The Daily News, bore the brunt of the fight for decency when the campaign warmed up. And at the very
last The Examiner let go an e dito r ial broadsid e against
Well er. And so we came to the day of decision.
Over 60,000 voters went to the poll s. Weller got
29,927 and was r ecalled. Crist got 30,751. Of Crist's
vote probably 16,000 were cast by the wom e n . \\"eller
�83
T h e W e s t e r n. C o m r a d e
got approximately 1000 female supporters. This is
shown by the variant vote in districts where women
Yoted heavily and where they voted lightly.
In all the districts populated by working class homes,
Crist won by a good margin. In all the precincts where
th e re were practically no women Weller won hands
dol\·n. ·welle r Jed by a substantial majority in the
Barbary Coast and in tbose districts where stand the
ltlansions of tbe rich. The dregs and the scum of so cie t y voted together.
An unanswerable a ccusation against the women of
··11igh soc iety" stands out in this one fact.
In the we althy dis trict bounded by Van Ness and
l' r ps idio an~ nu es , \\'ashington and Valle jo streets, Crist
was badly beate n and r e ceive d less votes than the
1111 m iler of wo m0n Yorin g in that distri c t .
And that is
1 '"' only di stri ct wh e r e that occ urre d. Eve rywh e r e e lse
1 ho wome n not only Yo t e d for d ecency the msel\' e s but
lrad e nough influ e nce to bring their me n folks to the
l'"lls in th e same good cau se. See mingly the women
,,f l'acitic HPigh ts n eith e r care to protect chastity them ,-,.JI·cs nor do they insp ire th ei r m e n fo lks with any
r · · · ~nrd for it.
l! owc \·er, dece nt woma nhood triumph <'d. \Ve ll er is
· •ff til e llc·n ch he he lped disg race.
Th e poli ce court
.. ,-'·,;tcm" lla,; lost a good port ion of its di'ecti\'e ness.
Till· sl·du c-t ion "f gi r ls is a lit t le )('ss po pular. Ju s \lt· t>
is Tn ort' p o t e n t.
And this nc\·er would ha\·e happPnPd if the wo m e n
d rtl no t ha\·e the ball ot.
Thi s rl e \·(' r co uld han• happe ne d did t h(• \'OtNs , n ot
11:1\'l' th e weapon of the jn dicia l r eca ll.
• • •
SOi\:C; OF TilE OPE N LAND
By
R ic hard
Burto n
\\ ' •· of til£' upPn ('olln tr y,
:\J~ · n o f th t• ran ch and r ang-~ · .
Hr •• nzf·J o f skin nncl ou t t o w1n.
~l t:n of t he larH..l!·::cape strant=t_' .
! Jail you , a nd b i d you hith e r,
Hrothe r s so far awa~·~ 'it~·· b(>g-u il ~d nnd gr~·t• d -defi l e d ,
Int o th e air uf day~
All nf II 'P I ~ JH1i rl. n il <' f H ours ~
Broth f' r b y hrothf' T" s l n.nci !
11 ... fur the w .,st , wh ere t o breathe Is bes t
ll ai l. for th e open l a nd~
• • •
THE ESSENTIAL
By
Robert L oneman
\\"h at ca r e I f o r cas t e o r c r eed?
It i s th e d eed, H I s th e d <>ed!
\\' hat f o r c l ass or wh a t f or c l an'?
ll i s th e m an, It Is th e m a n!
H Pi r s o f lo,·e, a nd j oy, and woe,
Wh o I s high , and wh o i s l o w ?
1\! ou ntal n, v all e ;·, sky and sea
Are f o r a ll huma nH y.
Wh a t care I f o r r obe o f S t a t e?
It I s th e soul, It is th e soul;
\\' h at f o r cro wn or "ha t f or c r est?
It l s th e h eart w ithin t he b r'east;
It Is th e f a ith , It Is th e h ope,
It Is th e s tru ggl e up the slope.
It i s the bra in and Pye to see
O n e G od and one humanlt)'.
Aim of Proportional
Representation
By
FRED
C.
\VHEEL ER
r~"''I""'"''I""'®"''I""'IIIII;"''I""'IIIIII,.HE
T
coming movement in t h e political
world will be for proportional r e pre-·
-.
'. ~
sentation. For fifty years it has been
discussed, and is now in practical
_
ope ration in several countries.
Th e need of it Is apparent to anyone
who has carefully studied the evil effects of the present system of e lecting
•
.
me mbers to legislative bodies. W e
loudl y acclaim our be lief in th e rul e of'
the majority, yet it is a notorious fact
th at most of our legislators are e lected by minorities.
lf is f re qu entl y the case that a minority e lects a
r·o rnple te s e t of cou ncilmeoJ, and t h e maj ority is abso lutely with out r e presentation.
Proportional r e presentation proposes: First, to re produce the opinions of th e electors in legis lativ e
hodies, in th e ir true proportion s . S econd , to make certa in that the majority of e lecto r s shall rule . and all
c-onsid e rable minoritie s shall be h e ard. Third, to giv e
l'if'ct ors a wid e r freedom in the c hoi ce of r ep resentath·es. Fourth . to insure to parties representation b y
th eir ablest and most trusted m em be rs .
Th e Britis h House of Commons when dis cu ssing the
H ome Rul e bill, provided b y a unanimous vote to
secure th e e lection of members to the Irish senate by
proportional r epr esentation. The Chambe r of De puties in France, b y a large majority passed this rneasnre. but it was d efeated in the Se nate by a small maj ority. Th e latest a dvi ces from Paris state that in the
forty-five bye-ele ctions h e ld during the past two years,
of th e tw e nty- three anti- proportionalists, only thirteen
r e main.
Japa n has had minority r e pre sentation for thirteen
year s, and the n ew House of R e presentatives in China
was e lected in the same manner. In the Transvaal, the
capitalist parties a re bitterly fighting it on account of
th e large numbe r of la bor candidates elected. Tasmania
has just passed th rough its third election under the
ne w law, with ge neral satisfac tion. The latest advi ces from England state that rapid prog ress is be ing
mad e th e r e . In continental Europe the movement Is
gaining ground among all political parties.
An In ternational demonstration was recently held
In France, and Conservatives, Radicals, Liberals and So cialists joined to ma ke it a success. The delegates
from Belgium stated that after years of trial, they
wished no change, except to make it more complete.
Th e first city In America to vote on proportional
r epr esentation was Los Angeles. W ith 40,000 votes
ca st It was de feated by a bare 1200. The n ext time It
w ill probablY win.
~
• •
TO A BULB
By R . K. Munklttrlck
Misshaped , black, unlovely
0 mute companion o f th e
Y o u mu s t f PPI over joyed t o
Imperl ouR, d a int y lil y f o r
t o the sight,
murky m ole,
have a white
a so ul.
�84
The Western Comrade
The Prod
EILEEN
By
SALYER HITCH_CO(;;K
1
, ..~~==1tJ]b!!!T!!!"!!!
-!!!~~ HEHE
' " ' ao
all"
amoag
aetwO"k
of eyesores
1hat
scarred
thethe
ci ty
which
was better lighted than others. Y (>t even
this was dingy. One could discern very
dimly a human form now and then shuf fling- along, for the hour was late. The
-_
shouting of !Joys had died out for they
had lung- abandoned their nocturnal
haunt s and quiet pre 1·ai!ed in the g loom y
houses.'
A young man. well'dressell and seem ingly a stranger to his pt·esent environment, walked
111·isk l y along and turn ed into the n earest street. With
hh hands in hi s pockets, and his eyes glued to his patent
!eat h..rs, he w·ts t•XPrcising sweet obl ivion to all the surrounding sordidness. \\'here he came from this particular
nil-':hl or whNe he ,,·as going does not matter. He was
ac·c·ustonwd to engage in a number Q.f philanthropic _purst:i l s and it ma) be that hP was returning from the Japattf·~e Christ ian :'l!is sion.
l 'pon ll•al·inb rhe aller. he raised his eyes and, either
ottl of force of an old habit or by way of establishing a
n('11· one. he entered the postoffice and went to his box.
A d('lil'ate, dainty handwriting peeped through the window causing hi s eyes to brighten and his nostrils to
dilate-• as he thought he caught the ambrosial fragrance
of thP sl'ented paper. :\ervousl y he fumbled for his keys
and not finding them, bPcame very agitated and perplt·H•d. Along with the keys were valuable papers and
n•port~ of cor nmitt el'S on ci\'ic and philanthropic work.
E1·iut>ntly h!• 11·as an important person in the commun it y
and " q•ry useful citiZPil.
HP rus!l(•d uack to th e alley and n -•traCt·d his ste ps
ca 11tious I , ..
" If you're l ooking for so rn t? thing, I guess I'm the
Oil!' who found it ," ca ll ed out an abrupt and coarse
woman's voice that causC'd him to shudder a bit. He
I'<JII!d faintly see the blurred oullint• of a human form
a11:ainst a jagged fence but could ('!c;arly sep the s hining
keys in her hand. She r t? laxc•d h('r c lutch and extended
the co1·eted articles to him.
"Thank you very much.'' he courteously and St lal·ely
said a s he hand ed her some si l ver pieces . Then h e
turned t o go.
··wait a minute," she dra\I·Jed, staying him by th e
slet>H'.
"Is that. all you're going to give me?
Say,
you're in no great hurry, are you?"
Slw drew closer.
He cou ld f ee l h er quickened
breath and clearly see her features. The tilt of her
young wanton face, the l eer of h er j aded eye, the faint
and forced smile upon her hardened lips repelled him.
Jerking from her. he flashed out angrily, "Do you
know that it is just such wom en as you who send men
to th e d ev il ? You're to blame. You pollute society.
You're viper s and adders infesting the community.
You Jli'I?Y upon the ignorance and weakness of mensnakes who- "
"Stop!" she shr i eked, at the same time recoiling
from him, for th e word " snake'' had waked h er from
p, dazed apathy.
"Stop," sh e hissed. and her eyes, l ike molten coals,
sudden ly scorched forth at him from a livid face, while
her hand gripped at her throat.
Ht?, in turn. recoiled and then found him self pitying
her-yes, pityin g her from the bottom of his heart;
.~
"Stop!" she shrieked.
and plunging his hand into his pock et, h e brought up
with it a gold coin and helil it forth to h er. She glanced
at it, grabbed it and hissed again.
"It' s on l y your I.IlOney I wanted all tlw time- just
your money most of us ·snakes ' want,'' and the words
vibrated ill his ears as he hurried out of th e a ll ey and
r eheat upon 1h em long after he had reached the brilliant Iy lighted street beyond.
•
•
Th e next morning found our good m asc uline friend
in the office of th e largest department store in the c ity.
From the way he was greeted by som e and furtivel y
watched or timidly approached by otht?rs , it was apparen t that he was its owner and manager. \Vandering
from his private sanctum to the main offices and visiting the head s of departments, h e took e1·ident pride in
his own supervision of d etails.
�The Western Comrade
Strolling pompously down one of the aisles, he ob sened that an unu·sual crowd was collecting in the
basement.
"Her e. cash! cash! cash-girl! Didn't you hear me
ca ll you a dozen times?" he addressed a little slip of a
girl who tripped up the stairs. "A little impudent this
morning, aren't you? \'\hat's wrong in the basement?
Hair pulling o,·er bargain waists•"
"There ain't nothing the matter," and she adjusted
her gum in her cheek, "Only Cle:-k
umber 28 fainted.
I'm after water." She stalked slowly away as though
ha,· ing th e whole nay l.Jefore her to perform her errand.
The ht-ad of the establishment descended to the
l>asprnPnt and workt>rl his way through the crowd.
"'""·· if any. noticed the sudden flush in his face as he
'" ' rr t o\·pr thP unconscious form of . 'umber 28 lying on
riH· cold. •·onnPtP floor. H e arose wi th no audib le
•·ommcnt and skulkt>d ha('k to his pril·ate office, sat
lhPrf' on his swi\'C•l-chair. shiftt>d his position, and paced
n•'t il's~ly do \\·n t hP room.
" Hr·r rramc- 1 "·ondcr•·· he muttered as he opt>ned
1i.f' rloor 1o tlw main nflic-P, sPized the pay-roll and
s1ood gazing al th<' l'ntry of :"\uml.Jer 28 and of secondary
irnporranr·p h<·r nanw ;,nd of i<'a !'<t signifi can<'e of all her
"''Pkly w;q.:• · of$:. a piliful !'<ti pend for drudgery in a
l•as .. nrf'nt. ('losing 1111• hook with a thud. he rt>turnt>rl
1•• hb ofli<-1·. took out a cigar and puffed away. Tbere
Jr,. sat lor sorrH• lim t>. lt•tting his thoughts float away
"it h Paf·h whiff of dill\·ny smokp and glancing lis ti e s~)~·
:rrorrn d t l1<• room.
"\\'ell. Jiltle girl," he l'l'spondecl to thc smiling and
l~t•('koninl'!; of a dimplt'rl far·e in a picture on his de sk.
"Yotl <·l'rtainly arp tlw onr· to ke ep the blucs a\\·ay." H e
pi<-k<'tl up till' ~'(old framt> and studiPd the bright and
ilapp_,. fa l'(· IH's tling in folds of pink plush. At tlw sam e
1i1111· li P n'achPd into his q•st pocket to sec if the
~ ~·pnt1•d lPttr·r had mm·pd morp than its allotted inch.
"\\'hat a wnndl'l'ful girl to g i\' e a fellow inspiration
111 sq11ar(' his shouldcrs firm l y aga in st tile world and to
a('(·otllplish hig things." h<' tnusecl as h e thought of his
I'Ot!ling l1appin f'ss .
HP trrrnPd to tlw "·indo"· and out l.Jeyond to th e
somiiPr gloomy h1rildings low erin g through th e gray
tnist and ~moke. Tlw city's fum1·s and clouds were
slow l y <·oll t>l'ting arOtl!td the sill a11<l almost stifled him.
:-;iJrntly and unolJtrusi\'C')~· arose the wan. gaunt,
'"·dral'(~led figure of :\'umhcr 28 and stood against the
d11ll hackgrorrnd of the c ity 's towers. H er moistened,
pas~ion l pss cres were turn ed toward
him sad ly and
~'\?a rrhingly.
Hf' shucldPrPd at thi s one jarring note in the m el ody
of lo\·<' hP had heen c·njoying. turned shrinkingly from
the wi nd ow. hit the end of his ciga t· stub and threw it on
tho floor.
"My God~ That certa i nly l <'a\'ps a hitter taste in a
fellow's mouth. I was wrong. 28. You'rp not a \'ipernor adrlt>r·--snak e• Ko, you're Number 28-on)y Num lr er 2R."
THE PIONEERS
By Horatio Winslow
\\'t>'re thc mPn that always march a bit before
Though we cannot tell the r eason for th e same ;
\\'e' re the fools that p i ck the l ock that holds the doorPlay and lose and pay the candle for the game.
Tbere's no blaze nor trail nor roadway where we go;
There's no painted pest to point the right-of-way,
But we S \~·i ng our sweat-grained b el\'es and we chop a
path ourselves
To Tomorrow from t hP land of Yesterday.
85
MAKE SURE OF THE BEST
N the busy round whatever else gets crowded
out time must surely be found to enjoy fam"' so
ily and friends.
Iothers are often
absorbed in the duties they owe their children that
they rarely take t ime to realize their joy in them.
\ViYes, who would not neglect aught of the prescribed routine for their husband s comfort, sometimes let these lesser things crowd out the subtle,
intangible unity of sympathy and feeling which
cannot thrive in preoccupation. The dream of love
may last-does last in perennial beauty, but only
fo r those who, in the daily round, never forget the
supreme value of the heart's treasure.
The man or " ·oman who can face a sunset, !rear
birds sing and leaYes rustle with no delight in the
beauty of it all is to be pitied.
The woman who ran let days slip by with no
glance or word to show the child what h e means
to her, to show the husband that her innermost
natme reaches out to meet the living self of himis letting the hubbub of happenings crowd out real
life.
"~aughty from want of kisses " was the title
of a littl e rhyme published years ago, and the suggest ion of the title is a key to many situations. If
mothers, teachP.rs and friends could only k eep near
th e child in close and conscious affection, there
\rould he less'' naughtiness'' than now disturbs.
Ko one outgrows the cr av in g to feel that close
ties unite him to other human souls, and any
woman who imagines that her· husband cares no
more for th e romance of li fe than "the faithful
kitchen r lock" is making a mistake fraught with
heartache. The days should n eve r become too full
of cares or activiti es t o displace the sweeter possibilities of life and love. The sacredness of
friendship is left too largely to the apprec iation of
school girl s.
Life holds so many pleasant acquaintances that
sometimes we awake to wonder if there be any
close friends among t he multitude.
There always are!
Friends here and there whom we know to be
true as steel, a lways to be ·fou nd , though years internne between tile' meetings, right where we left
them in sympathy, und erstanding and faith. Always th e same joy in the comradeship, t he same
stimu lus for our highest and best when we see or
think of them . Busy liYes should never let slip
the luxury of meetings with old friends and opportunity for mal<ing new ones.
How foolish in the machinery of existence to
crowd out life.
lo ·
�8G
The
A Woman
P-!!!!!!!~!!!!!!!!!!!!~N
•
lll
Wester~
the Race
aftermatH of the Washington state campaign was heard last winter in the Minnesota Senate when the woman's suffrage amendment was under consider~ ation. "Where will the women stop?"
I1L.1LJ storm ed one doughty opponent. "They
already want to be mayors of c ities and
gov e rnors of states."
Well, what if th ey do? Women will
not stop whi le yet one inch .of the highway to human freedom re mains untra.ve rs ecJ. That is. th e human race will not stop. Great
nation s hav e had queens-- and qu ee'ns are exaclly like
king s in this, that they are guaranteed to be harmless
only after th ey are dead . IJ11t no r ea s ons have de velop(' U for wishing th e m ~ooncr dead or more dead than th e ir
brot h ~· r s.
Ev e r y Socialist campaign follows the broad a,·enue of
human iss ues . Firs t and foremost s tands human need
for th e bread of life . Out of tbe heart of life comes the
univ ersal cry for bread. And wh ile a woman st ood on the
s tat!'! l'latform of th e Socialist party of Washington, that
pla tform was Socialist to the core-taking cognizance
first of th e colossal fact that during a part of the year
ju s t passed, six million un e mployed men and women had
sPcthed through the streets of American citi es, forcibly
divorce d from their right to g et bread on th e face of th e
earth.
Our party stood di s tinctiv e in its solid insisten ce that
br<' ad is the issue .
Six million idle, breadless men might well arrest the'
att e ntion of ev e n a stupid world; but one of th e less
stup id of the wayfarers, a minister, add ress ing a union
church service in Walla Walla, grave ly as sured his seven
hundred auditors that the dance halls and districts or
every city are the great pest and cancer breeders. I
was glad to have my innings with that audience when
th e minister had concluded. They listened for forty - five
minutes, with earnest if somewhat curious attention, to
th e Socialist Interpretation of vice and kindred evils.
Several hundred normal summer school students at
Che ne y heard as much Socialism as I could pack tight
into their twenty-minute chapel period . The ir director
was a Socialist.
Fi\·e hundred club wom en in con vention at Taco ma
were betrayed by th e astute engin ee ring of a Socialist
woman on their program-"t:ommittee into devoting forty
minutes to a hearing for Socialism. I was the speaker.
"The Moral Significance of the Machine" was my subject. The speech was Socialism from start to finish , but
not until toward the close was Socialism mentioned.
"A very good speech," quoth a Seattle teacher, "until
she dragged Socialism Into it." Bravo, teacher! Don't
permit yourself to be divert ed from your task of making defenseles.; children Into perambulating multiplication tables.
Frances E. Sylveste r-, our party's candidate for state
superintendent of public instruction, arranged an audience for me before the county tea chers' institute which
was assemb led in her city, Olympia. The superintendent
was "agin' it." Under pressure, however, he set 2:30 of
one afternoon for my discu~ion. I was on hand. The
superintendent coolly gave my time to a learned professor from the Un iversity of Washington, who expiated for
much time an-.! tw enty dollars, and with great animation
-upon Indian basketry and the financial astuteness of
Benjam in Franklin. Then followed . a musical number
A
~
Comrade
By Anna A. Maley
""
and a gymnastic exhibition. At 3 : 45 the director solemn ly announced that there would be one further exercise-he did not say what it would be-but he would call a
brief recess before it was put on. Naturally most of the
fagged out teachers went home at the intermission. That
night the Socialists played Wellington at the superintendent's Waterloo when seven hundred people, includ ing several of the visiting teachers, came out to our
meeting. Olympia is a conservative government town
and rumor had it that the leading bank!!r was stricken
with apoplexy when he learned of the attendance at that
meeting.
Every night between tbe middle of June and the eve
of election day, I was on the platform . in schoolhouses,
halls, and on street corners the liste ners ass embled :
Dreamland Rink in Seattle was fill ed to overflowing for
every Socialist campaign meeting. At our closing meetin g in Everett three thousand were in th e Coliseum.
Socialism was the iss ue. The papers made very littl e
adverse comml:'nt upon the fact that a woman was th e
standard-bearer of the Socialists. True, Editor Albert
Johnson of "Th e Home De fender," referred to me as
"The fiery Ann." He said my platform was an automobile for every lazy tramp. Johnson is ever the champion
of the many lazy tramps who now own the world 's automobiles. He is the particular defender of the homes of
Hoquiam where striking blanket men who asked for
the right to earn homes were horse-whipped by the very
best citizens.
M. E. Hay, the Republican governor of the state, gave
some fearful and wonderful reasons why he should be
returned to office. He published these reasons in a campalgn book. He said he was economical in feeding the
wards of the state. Glance at this table giving daily per
capita costs of Inmates in Washington state institutions :
Insane Asylums .......................... ...... ..
Penitentiary .................................... ..
Institute for Feeb le Minded .. ...
Soldiers' Homes ............ ....................
.43
:391
.501
.57-5
Let it be understood that these costs cover all maintenance expenses, including the hire for the automobile
in which the governor visits a commission and the warden's sung little graft. It is not strange, is it-that
prisoners sometimes throw their plates at attendants in
the mess rooms? The plates are superogatory. Th e r e
is nothing to put on them.
A young woman who had nursed in the Medical Lake
In sane Hospit:.'l told me that she had giv e n up her work
there because of the way that st r ong patients_ cried for
food. She went into Spokane and stirred up an investigation. An obliging press telephon ed the authorities th e
date of the committee's pr ospective visit. In the words
of an attendant, "it was Christmas at the asylum when
the committee arrived."
Old soldiers feasted on thin soup and the party of
their love and loyalty asked for votes because of the
splendid in ce ntive offered by it for patriotism. Soldiers
old and young might cevour a piece of the American
flag when they grow hungry. Su r ely the fiag is theirs to
be used as they see fit-it has been dearly bought In
the blood of their class. But the flag is not the issue-bread is the issue. Over the heads of the wo rk ing class
ex-Governor Hay called to his masters, the large tax
payers-"! stand for your righ t to close the industries
and to send twenty-five thousand men despairing and
hungry Into the streets of Seattle. I stand for your right
�The
Wester~
87
Comrade
Padre Blanco and the Outlaw
...
By STANLEY B. WILSON
~~~~!!!!!!!!~ADRE
BLANCO was not a priest. He
was a cattleman, owner of the Rattlesnake Valley ranch and many thousand
head of the best nourished cattle in the
Cuyamacas and the territory over which
~ ey stood sentinel.
There were many
Mexicans anri Indians who passed over
the trails of the Rattlesnake region, and
many )Yere the kindnesses shown them
by the owner, both verbally and substantially. The love 'of the early padres
and the benefactions of the priests who yearly visited
t lw rancherias on holy miss ion were the most sacred
rc·collec:t ions of th e descendant s of the first inhabitants
of Southern California, and Padre Blanco--White Priest
·-was the type of men most re\·erenced by the darkskinned children of the hills.
Tall- almos t s ix and a half feet-straight. with the
uprightness unmarred by excessive toil, and sustained
hy clean living and a s pirit proof against the petty
things that we igh me n down; his hair and beard sil\'(•rcd l.Jy the s un s of more than seventy years; of cul tttrPd mind and quiet speech , Padre Blanco was a man
to tnspire re s pect in the breast of all with sensibilities
not e ntirely atrophied .
\\"hi le his t \YO sons, Dave and Bi II, both n ow of
giant stature like th e ir fath er. w ere lads of 6 and !l,
l'adn~ Blanco had settled with his wife in the valley
nestling in the bosom of the Cuyamacas. His wife, a
cu ltured lad y of one of the best known families of early
C'alifornia, died from an injury only a few years late r ,
and the care of the two boys became the passion of
the l.Jereaved father. To th is he gave his personal attention , fulfilling a s best h e could the dual duties of
father and moth e r.
On the summit of one of the peaks that towered in
the western hill-l.Jorder of the valley was a small whitefence enclosure, and inside a mound, with a simple
marl.Jle s lab inscribed with two words, each In th e middl e of a separate line, "Martha," "Mother." That was
all. but enough, for those words were the dearest to
father and sons, and that s hrin e was theirs alone.
Here they worshipped, and every Sunday the three repaired to the sanctuary of wifehood and motherhood.
F:ven when the peak was white with Its glistening
l.Jlanket of snow, no Sunday found Its shrine unvisited .
They would bring flowers-in the summer the wild ones
of th e valley and In th e winter those carefully grown in
pots and sheltered in the house.
The peak was known to the family as Mother, and
Mother looked- down upon the little borne an d shed the
mother spirit.
Once whil e Dave was a lad of 16 h e was breaking a
horse he had selected as his favorite. The beautiful
little sorrel demon, as soou as the saddle cinch was
P
to drive these men to crime. to force them Into the prisons which first they must build for themselves-and I
wi ll save your taxes by starving them in these prisons."
The governor thought the working class would not notice. But forty thousand of them did notice. And I am
pe rsonally wil(ing to g uarant ee that if the governor
e ver rallies political energy e nou gh to "come back," there
are some costs of state houselteeping that he will never
again itemize in a campaign book.
fastened, and before the boy bad a chance to mount,
began to buck, and in its nimble gyrations got its left
hind foot through the stirrup. The result was a broken
leg.
The boy was disconsolate over the injury to his pet.
Cutting the stirrup-strap with his pocket-knift, he released the injured leg, and seeing the helplessness of
his pet's condition, sat down and wept.
The father, happening along, consoled Dave, gently
saying, "Those tears, Dave, are noble ones; but they
cannot heal that broken leg. Let us see what we can
do for the poor beast."
"But we'll have to kill him, fathe r ," sobbed the boy,
hopelessly.
"Kill him? No, my lad. \Ve will do our best to
mend the broken leg." And the father gen tl y led the
Injured horse into the barn, where he called some of
the men to help him put it in a sling that raised its
feet off the ground. Then he secured bandages and
some pieces of thin board and put the injured leg in
spli nts. The s uffering animal, seeming grateful for the
ministrations and subdued by the gentleness of them,
submitting quietly.
Then the Padre stepped out of the barn, and looked
up to Mother's• ~w. )latlled. in the softening light of
the late afternoon sun.
When that scourge of the · cattle country adjacent to
the Mexican boundary, Texas fever, swept the Rattlesnake range, and the cattle by thousands drooped and
died, necessitating their cremation to purge the range
from spreading contagion, the boys, Dave and Bill, complained bitterly of the ill fate that threatened to bankrupt the ran ch. But the father watched the dying cattle with pity and chided his sons for worrying over
threatened financial ruin.
" It is sad, my lads, to watch the poor beasts suffer
and die," he said, "but it Is better that we should lose
our last foot of ground and go out of these hills penniless than that we should compute our losses rather than
the suffering of these helpless creatures."
The cloud that had settled over Mother's brow lifted,
and a splendid serenity pervaded the valley.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Jlm\'H enry, the outlaw, driven from hi s former
rendezvous In the Chihuahuas, just south of Warner
Ranch, had changed his camp to a deep ravine on the
east side of the main peak of the Cuyamacas.
Henry had committed many crimes and had about
him a dozen or more of the worst character s of the hills.
His last deed of crime before being driven out of
the Chihuahuas was one of the most brutal In the annals of desperadodom.
A couple of members of th e Henry gang were In the
little store at Warner Ranch, kept by t wo young men
nam ed Ke irn and Graves, and overheard the proprietors
plan a trip to Los Angeles, to purchase a supply of
goods and proposing to make It a pleasure trip as well,
taking their families with them.
In a camp wagon the two families left t he ranch at
early daylig ht.
A lookout on the ridge west of the Chihuahuas saw
th e wagon start and rode rapidly to the Henry
rendezvous.
That night the storekeepers' party camped by a
spri ng near San Luis Rey.
�88
The W e:s t e'r m Cam r ad e
In the momilflg, the hat~ll:l' nra~elers, ue~reshed by.
ll\e nigl\t's sleep in the 011en air and Huee Hnom the crures
o~ bo.sines~. were j ub ilant and lu~edless
0tl da.rugen. 'llhe
women Wt>t'e tlre(l1tJTing hreakfa.s-1!. GPaves was rustliing
fuel I'm· the tire. Kt>im sar; tlln the edge of a camp a0t
fondling 1\is inrant son.
A ,;h<'Jt rar1g ou~. Gra1•es dropped his armflur1 oE fu.e ll
artd fell dead.
!Yer1ry with rhrt>e o~ his ga;ng rode M within fffliy
yards r,r th<" c-amp, sat ~(l)r a moment view~ng with fiend ish amust>m~·nr 1hE' E>ffec-n o~ thei.r appearance fortow.irlg
the Hound rll' tl\e shot. rhen 1!-Uenry raised his rifie aJnd
ta~ir)f( d~·Ji),~·rat<" aim fired over rhe l!lody of the in.fant
and shon K1·ill1 through rile bf'arL The Hanher's lifeldood drf·l'wli•·u t1l€· clllthing of the helpless babe_
l)?;l'll>ring t liP t'1·ant i(!; w~>men and ch.ildrren, Henry per~IJnalty "''ard>€·11 fht· I>OdiPS of his iicrims, and securing
1M•·ir r~l>tlf·) anrl 1· ait1ald~. motJnted his hor·se and with
hi,; rrio "'' HC'C1Jll1piifes rode Leisurt>iY away.
Tilf· dt·~p!•ntlil>f's l"f'l"'' not lt>ng in the Cuyamacas
i>l'fon· rl11·11' prf'Hf•nr·t· ''as rn~de known by the boldness
rtnd t"n·<pli•Jif".Y o~ tlH·ir dt·prt>dations.
Tt11· ~r;,g• · . <-arrying lnrl'lton to San Diego from the
Ston .. w:tll ~lint•. 11 as roi>l>ed a~H·r the driver had been
S(•'riOII,JV "OIIfldNJ.
A J•r<>spt·r·lor was found with a bullet through his
hNtrl "h•·rt· h•• had sroopPU to drink out of the little
r·rt•t·k Jtt•ar· Hrwkrnan Spring~_
Tht•:<t·. a r].>l o: ht·r ("fimt·s of pqual and less degree, at
Jpngth aro1"1·d thP sh .. riff at San Diego. who appealed
to !ht• r·ornmatHlt>r of tlrP ft·dPral troops at the barracks
for l11·1p in t·XI!'rmlnating tht· lawless band.
A ><quad rrndt·r· f lu• r·ommand of a young captain was
df'!ailr·d to a ss i Ht !lrr• slrr· ri ff.
llt ·nr:> and Iris gang )parrwd of the com in g of the
r roopt·
r~.
\\' l~t · n
!l rP r·apfain 11 ilh hi s m<>n roriP cautious ly up
tlrt· ral'inL· ll >ll:trtl lf prrry·s <-amp h" founu the desperado
with s onw or hi s nwn playing pok('l' on a blank et spread
ou tl ru g r o und .
" lland H tip!" r·o 1nnrarul Pd th (• f'aptain. hi s rifl e l el' t· IPd a t th <· tr·a tlpr of th e gang. wlt il e the rifl es of his
ru t•n COI"(•rp tl th o of hers.
Tlt P outlaws <.lid nut atiPmpt to ris e from th e ir
i>lankPt or r a i st> th Pir h~tlll ti , IHtl continued p l aying.
w Jtli P Jl p nry r Ppli ed ca r t> IPss iY. "Gpt down. ca pta in. and
lalil' a hand ."
"l'p with yo ur hand s. at o nr e. p 1·e ry onE' of you, or
IH' ll blow yo u to bit s. " d C' mand E>d th e angry officer.
"Do n ' t gl't e xcited . captain." adl'ised the r ec kl pss
H enry . " l was Iookin' for you. an' opened thi s littl e
gam E' for your amusement. \\'o uldn' t adl'ise you - "
" I f your hand~ arc not up when i count three . you'll
111'\·er lift th em again." s nappl'd the man in blue. ··on e '
T\I"O! - "
From the hu sh es on eac h side of th e ra1·ine thE' cli c k
of l'lfles b ega n with the co unting. and the cap tain knew
h f."' had heen trapped. a nd did n ot finish.
"As I was going to r emark . Cap ta in . I wouldn't adVi llt> you to disturb th E> peacefu l calm o f th is quiet
ra l'lne b ~· dischargin~ th em llncle Samuels of yo urn 1
Get down an' join us in this little friendly ·ga m e. .l ust
rlt'op y our lines over the hrush, an· leave your artillery
on tho ground."
The troopers swung from their saddles, laid down
their guns and approached the players on the blan k et,
while the 'Captain was dealt a hand.
As they lJlay~d Henry chatted gaily wltli tile captain,
who smoth~red 11i~ l'('Sentment and resohed to make the
most of )tis humiliating predicament.
A ncr a tllne HE>nry W'markt>d: "Guess it's abou t tim e
f0n you gentlemen to be goin '. 1\ou'll i"usb. abou~ !)lake
JTul!ian l)ceftore SIID.d.own.. 'ifOill are at: liiberrtry, ~o var.moosewhen. y.ott (!Jlease. l!lnjpyedr tile- \\lsitt a hew, but hope
you. won.' I! be in. a h.w:ry to repea.!!."
..._
IBefiore retlurning tlhe rtfl.es tbe desperacLQeS neijjipved
t b_e ~artridges llJ.n.d. relie\\ed the tli'C!lO!jlers oil ~x.!!ra m~sles.
*
*
*
•
*
•
·~"
l!'arfre Blanco was alon.e a.tJ ube Ratblesna.ke ranch.
Bill and I9a\\e~ witht a crew oij c-owbo)(s, were u.p Q>t the
Lagun<~~s. visiting Ch.ub, nhe tiore110.an.
The- tall for:m of the venerable ~ar.ttlel!IIa.O had just
eme-rged from the OUrtsLde cellar: do0r. He. b.ad go:ne to
the cellau Eor a dish of apples, fol' nhe li'ad~e had sub stituted ··apples" for ustral~<benies·· ~u Henu \\'ard
Beecher's sa:lling that the Lord migl'l.t ha,:e made a better fruit, but he didn't, when a hors~mau calne galloping up,, swaying in his saddle •. his mouut in a latber.
Pladng the dish ~>f apples on the doorste{l. tbe. Padre
assisted the rider to the ground and helped him in~o the
house.
The stranger was weak fran loss ot lt>lood and in
much pain. The ranchman suwported bim to a bed.
rernon~d his shitt and found a tJt11let wound in his Iigh.t
side below the armpit.
··Got me at last." gritted the wounded n~an, wh,lle
the Padre was washing tile wound and staunching the
flow of blood. "How does it look, pardn ei~ii ke a
fini~h
?''
"Yes," responded the Padre, " You are, I tltink,
fatally wounded."
''Thanks. I want it straight," was tlw reply.
Both men remained silent. The Padre tor·e a \Jedsheet in strips, l aid a heal'y clo t h soakt>d with witch
hazel on the w ound. and wrap ped the strirs about the
man ·~ body.
ThE' stra nger set>med mu ch t>ased hy the mini strations of his hos t . and lay quiet Iy, l ookin g intent!>· at
th e er ec t figure on the c hair b esi d e hi s bed .
"\Yas ju st wondering. pardner, If you'd been so kind
to m e if you kn e w who you w er e h elpln'." and th er e
wa s a grim s mil e on tlw str an ger's fa ce,
The old man laid a hand upon the hr eas t or the
spt>aker. a nd sai d gently:
"Do not lry to s p eak, my
fri E' tHl."
"Gu efis it won't mak e thin gs mn c h \I'Orse." co ntinu ed
tlt f' stranger. 'Tin don e for. nnyholl'. an' I don't care
how soo n th e game clo ses. You'v e b ee n right goo d ,
pardn er. but 1 r ec kon if yo u kn ew who yo1r were tlxin'
np, you'd a h ee n on your way to .Julia n for th e mar11hal
inst ead of sittin' there hatin' to see m e cas h in ,"
Th e s1 ranger pau se d. wat c hin g clo >~e l y th e face of
hi~ host . who sought hy gentle hand-pats to s il ence th e
dying man .
"I'm .Jim H enry." Th e Htran gcr pau se d again.
"So I beliel'ed you to be."
"Th ere's enoug h money on my head, put al l , toge th er,
ro sta r t a mint. It won't make no difference to m e how
soon the law ge t s its hands on me. an' I don ' t ~now
anyonP I'd as soon see get the r eward ;ts you/'
Padre nianc·o a r ose from his chair, ''Mr. Henry," he
said with sadness and reproach. "I will be eompe ll ed to
leal"l' you alone if you pe r sist If you had come )lere
uninjured. I would ha1·e !!Ought t.o capture yov, not tor
the reward. but because yov are a dangerous man to be
abroad. Y ou came here injured and helpless, overtaken
by the hand of the higher Ia w, whose decrees are absolutely ju.st and from whose declslons t.b.e re 1-s IJO appeal.
"It is too late now for ad \'lee. and I }I ave no ri-g ht or
desire to censure. Y ou cannot retrace your life -steps,
You cannot rE>store t'he Jives you have ~ken. rccall--tbe
sutl't>rings and sorrows you lJaYe cause d, or undo the
�T h e West e' r n Com r a d e
,
"There is but one eye capable of scanning you1· past."
TIH·y are now i.J e yond yo u
a n' s LI., d own s o I can ha Ye m y li t tl e sa y be for e I hav e
''I hU\' e Hl' itlw r th e ab ility no r in c lination t o jud gl'
yo11. Th C' rc i s hu t Oll C' c·)'C' ca pa hl p o f sca nnin g your pa s t
n11d co mputin g t he influ l' ncps a nd pro ,·ocali o n s th a t im pl' li N I yo ur d ee d s. An d II i~ ju s ti ce is more t e nd e r t ha n
he r '!; wh o gu r e yo u llirLh a nd we r e s he he re wo uld !J p
mo t h<' t' s till. "
l' ad re Hla n C'o wa lk ed to th e w indow ancl loo k ed up
t he r e lr l' tY si d e o f llloth e 1· a nd sa w he r su m m it c lpar
and br ig h t. th e mid -day su n direc tl y ai.Jo\' e.
"Pnrd n r," fain tl y f'a ll d t he dyin g dPspemdo, " come
throw down my band ."
Wh e n th e Padre wa s sea t e d , H e nry s poke a ~a in, hi s
Yoice almo s t a whi s pe r: "I didn't m ea n no o ff e nse,
pardn e r. I sure mad e a bum bluff a t your hanrl . I ain' t
usp d to sittin' in with your kind .
"I gu ess I a in't g ot no ki ck comln ', an' go t wh a t was
cumin ' to me . Th e mo t h e r talk so und s good , hut I a in't
ba nkin ' non e o n no eas y de al if I'v e go t t o sit in in a
ne w gam e. I'm willin ' to ta ke what co meH m y way.'
Hi s vo ice becam e almos t inaudii.Jl e. P adre Bl a nco
IPa ne d o ver a nd caught th e fa in t g as ps: "Te ll - ca phe-tu rn ed-tric k. "
n lnw!l yo u
li H\'('
!'O IIl ll lit tP d.
111 11l m e.
to
-
P ac Everlasting a Dream
LfliJis 'iPr <·k. a fonuC'r member of t hP German
Rt>ith. tag, in tlw International Magazi ne for Februnry, t'los~?s a di:<rns.ion on "~hall " 'e Ha\'(• Peace in
191:1?'' in the followin~ language: " \\'hen we scan the
politict\1 situation of the Old \\'orld we can hardly con cludt' that the year 1!11:~ will end the era of g r eat wars.
r fear n the contrary that om· century will be pr:>duc t iY(> of . \lf'l\ nti~ht~· cri~e s in the lh·e of nations that,
di'SJiitt' tlw ob\'iou:< lH"t' P:~ity for peace on the part of
II ·h'ilial"d Jl('{l)'lt>s, • uch a thioa n pence e\·erla tiog
m, Y ll l hi" th OUght of {' X ('(>jlt in dream ''
---------- -
This co nclusion is a r easonable one, no do u bt, In
Yiew of polit ical co ndi t ion s as they now exist. But 'ti s
npithe1· politics nor se n timent t hat rules thP world.
There is a power more fu ndamental tha n either.
Said Albion W . Small, in beginning one of his book s:
"In the hPginning there were interests."
These interPsts we re and in every age have been
economic interests. Both politics and sentiment are
the offspring of which they are the parent.
Economic power rules the world today, has always
wled. will always rule.
The complete international solidarity of capitalism
would pre\·ent immediate war. But the triumph of International ocialism would bring peace e\·erlasting.
�90
The Western Comrade
The Pessimism of Jact
rr;~;r===ii E:-\
miiiiJt t> s after m eeting .Jack London.
is impress ed by hi~ grim pessimism.
Ill· is. c-onfess e dly , a pe ssimist. But,
lwfor u \'i"". i ng I his phase of L~ndon,
11'1 us ha1·e ~"me small tlllk about things
that may " """' i'niere sting eH'Il though
thc·y IJJal not be of gr\jat national impo r tanc·•·. To h f' g in wit-h . he looks much
llllltd.-'onJt·r than his pic·turt' s. for th e
CHIP
(':ttnt·J a
Ill·\ t~ r·
gpts his soft, gray e yes.
TIJollgiJ
tllirt~· -sc · \·pn
ypar ~
old. he
doc ·s td <lilJ"'" r to IJt · tno rc· tl1an thiny . lie l1as a magnific·t·JJt l•ody a firJt· forrn. 1\·ith notlring pugilistic exc·•·PI hb s hortld<·r·,_ J It· lras a c:hin that dm·sn't appe ar
IU IH· of 1 h•· sort to in1 itt· disput<'.
\\'ht-11 h•· laughs.
hi s tnoutlr looks !ikl' a jt •llf'lry siOI'P windu"·· llressf'd
' illiJ>iY. !11· w.. ars a plain. n•ac!y - rnadt• suit of •·lotlws;
a sofi - C'u!larf'<:. wh.itf' sh irt and a blac-k. si lk lie prodUCl' a strik in g f'fTl'C'I
lli s hat is one of thost• ahominahlo sombreros.
His CO JH ersat iou is decidedly co lloquial. having
neillll'r the refinement of a u o1·er-cu!tured scho lar nor
the roughness of a stage W este rn e r. I t is just ordinary En g li sh, the kind one bea rs on c ity street -cars
ana o tfi ce- huilding e le vators. H e is quite approachable, a! ways willing to talk st reaks just for th e asking.
His s peec h is intersperse d with mild, harml ess oaths.
And, here let us g ive thanks, he doesn't carry himself
with an air of dignity. In brief, be is an open, frank
fe ll ow, in appearance more of a good fe llow than our
common co nception of a famous author.
Wh e n I saw him, be was in the bands of a Los
AngE>Ies moving picture man, who was u s ing him to
pose before the camera. A company bas contracted ·to
have London appear in a number of films that will depict many of his famcus stories. These films w ill begin
with London s itting at a desk, pen in hand, cigarette
at his elbow, writing one of his tales. Of course if the
moving picture man wanted to be realistic. be' would
have London seated befor.e a typewriter, but that, it is
generally agreed, would be lacking in romance. Au-
tbo rs, in pictures, should peri their stories, not type write them. He will scratch away for about 200 feet
of film, when the scene will fade, soon to open witb..tbe
action of the story. So says the manager.
After proper intervals, London will rea ppear on the
screen . Then, it will close with a hundred or more
feet of film showing the writer in the act of closing the
story and iuserting the manuscript in an enve lope, intending doubtlessly to send it to the
harsh, hard-hearted editor. A photoplay of "John Barleycorn." a ser ia l
that appeared in a popular wee kly
magazine. wi ll be one instance. it is
announced by the film managers,
where London wil l aci ually take part
in the a<:tion. As this story is auto biographical, it wi ll add much to have
London himself in the r·ast. His famous trip in the Snark will he included. London's wife, Charm.iani·i!l a lso appear in this play. it is s· d.
"Of course," says London, ·I ne1·er
pretend to be an ac to r . I don't know
a thing about the pmfession. I'll do
w hatE>I·er I'm told, fo r I a m in the
hands of my friends."
ThP plays will ht- produced at Balboa. Ca l. . where tile flalboa AmuseIn ent Compa ny has erected a st udio
for the special purpose of stag ing the
London sto ri es. ThP managers predict that these stor ies. with London
himself in the films, will attract much
inte res t and possibly be the greatest
ser ies of fi lms e1·e r produced.
"As I must stay h ere for consid e rable tim e." sa id M1·. London, "I am going to wir e 1o the ran ch and ask my
wife to join m e. Do you know, this is
th e fir st time in e ight years that I
Enjoying the
ha 1·e been a way from h er." The tel e gram was se nt immediate ly and Mrs.
London join e d h er husband within tw e nty-four hours .
Mrs. London appeared concerned over th e impression
that her husband's "John Barleycorn" bad created In the
minds of many pe rsons. They have concluded that becaus e Jack London speaks of his . friendship with John
Barleycorn since his boyhood days that he sureiy must
be a drunkard. "He bas nev e r been a heavy drinker,"
said Mrs. London, "and though he isn't an abstainer,
sti ll h e has n e ve r taken enough of the fiery fluid to
cause the slightest alarm ."
Bailey Millard, writing in the May number of The
Bookman, has an interesting paragraph on London,
saying that "Jack bas never survived the effect of his
vagrant habits, acquired during his youthful tramping
days, and be owns that since that time be bas never
lost his terror for a 'cop'."
"While I was in co llege," London says, "I went to
a circus in Oakland one night. I lingered after the
show and by a bonfire I came upon a bunch of small
beau ~
�91
The Western Comrade
{London
boys who had d('termined to run away with the circus
which was about to Iea1·e town. The showmen, learn~
ing of th t- ir int pntion. sent a message to the police.
\\"lwn I sa11· th e sudden eruption of brass-buttoned,
li!•lnH'i(>d IJulls, each of th em reaching with both hands
I ran . I ,,·as nut a hobo. I was a citizen of that com~
11111nity. H coiiPg(' man. And ye t I ran, blindly, madly
for IJioc·k s . And wht>n I cam e to myself I was still
running.
··:-..:o. I'll ne Yer ge t o1·er it, I can't
hPip it. \\"h Pn a lJUll reaches I run."
Londc;n ,.i., ,,.s hi s art pessimistically
- in fa c t . he obj('c ts to being called
an ani s t. "I am no thing more than a
fa i rJ~· g <JOd art isau," said London,
11·Jwn th P r on1·ersation turned to art.
"You may think I am not telling tbe
trnth. !Jut I hat(' my profession . I
dc test tllf• professi on I have chosen.
I hat P it. I tpll you. I hate It!
" I ass ure you that I do not write
h<·cau se I Joy e th e game . I loathe it.
l cannot find words to e xpress my
di sgus t. The only reason I write Is
lwcaust> l am 11·e11 paid for my labor
- that's what l call it-labor. I get
lots of mon ey for my books and
stori c>s . l tc>ll you I would be glad to
di g dit ches for twi ce as many hours
as I de Yote to writing if only I would
ge t as much mon ey. To m e , writing
is au easy way to make a fine living.
Unl ess I me ant it, I wouldn't think of
saying a thing like this, for I am
sepaking for publication. I am sincere
when I say that my profession sickens
me. Every story I write is for the
money that will come to me. I always
write what the editors want, not what
I'd like to write . I grind out what the
•. ies of his own ranch
capitalist editors want and the editors
buy only w hat th e b~slness and editorial departments permit."
""'hat, in your opinion, is the effect of the capitalist
system on art?" London was asked.
"Awful! Absolutely killing! The -editors are not
interested In the truth; they don't want writers to tell
the truth. A writer can't sell a story when it tells the
truth, so why should he batter his bead against a stone
wall ? He gives the editors what they want, for he
knows that the stuff he believes in and loves to write
will n ever be purchased."
"What a pleasant view you take!" I said.
"I give things little thought these days," London
rPsponded . "I am weary of everything ; I no longer
think of the world or the movement or of writing as an
a rt. I am a great dreamer, but I dream of my ranch,
of my wife. I dream of beautiful horses and fine soil.
I dream of th e beautiful things I own up in Sonoma
county. And I write for no other purpose than to add
to the beauty that now belongs to me. I write a book
By Emanuel Julius
for no other reason than to add three or four hundred
acres to my magnificent estate. I write a story with no
other purpose than to buy a stallion. To me, my cattle
are far more interesting than my profession. My
Jack London
friends don't believe me when
say this, but I am
absolutely s incere.
''You may wonder why I am a pessimist," said Mr.
London; "I often wonder myself. Here I have the most
precious thing in the world-toe love of a woman; I
have beautifu l ch ildren; I have lots a nd lots of money;
I have fame as a writer; I have many men working
for m e ; I have a beautiful ranch-and still, I am a
pessimist. I look at things dispassionately, scientifically, and everything appears almost hopeless ; after
long years of labor and development, the people are as
bad off as ever. There is a mighty ruling class that
intends to hold fast to its possessions. I see years and
years of bloodshed. I see the master class hiring
armies of murderers to keep the workers In subjection,
to beat them back should tbey attempt to dispossess
the capitalists. That's wby I am a pessimist. I see
things in the light of history and the laws of nature.
"I became a Socialist when I was seveqteen years
old. I am still a Socialist, but not of Ahe refined,
Jf_ot---
1n ier.tJ7U!tl
JnTize
tlz
�92
The WeS'tern Comrade
Th_e Socialist Spirit
•
tn the City~====~ B E.N you p1ck up nhe Soeiali sn pratform in
y~wr
!O{'al ~·ity campaign and ~ead over
the• g~nera l elemancl for better homes,
rJNff'l' fneJcl. he·t~e>r cl l!lUhing anel m ore
I~i~ure for rh., 1HJ~king- c:lass you p~otJ
a¥.Iy pa~s fll·er it ~uie·kly wirh om much
Owught.
It is the usua! Cillimg and
sepffls !n be put th(·re pun of habit, you
gather.
Hur you ha1·f' made a- fundamenta l
(•rtor. Your iclen. that rhe Hhort, snappy
thar c·ornf• und~r !he head of "imme diate
at e the rPal me1t t of the platform is all a
m
'""
'I.IY ,
.
s t a!emf'ilf~
iJeillitllds"
mistakP.
'rh · n·a l ~n(·at of the Socialist mun icipal platform
is < ·o ~tU\inNI it1 that genPral demand for lJE>ttPr homes,
j,,.,t,.r· foo~. lwtt(•r c lothing and mon• leisllrf'. And H
it stwul d ~ ~~ hai•T•Cn that the campaign should end in a
1 ic-tor y for
candldat(·~ who sta nd upon t hat pla t lorm .\"Oii "'011l1! find that thP spir i t of the Pnt ire ad rnin:strati• Hi "-<>IIlli IJ,. hased upon that broad, gf'nera l dellianll. l t I~ thP PSH PncP of what the Socialist muni ci pal
adniiniHtta ti on is fl l riv ing for.
'!'hat Htnt e nw n t in th e Sol'ialist munic-ipal platform
fi<w s not nH·an that thP admini stration is p ic d!!:e d to
S<·<'llt'" a pa lnn· fo i· P\"P I'.I' fam i ly: it does not mean
lliat the administra tion i s pledg<·d to d e(·Jar(' a holida y
twir<• dtc h \\Pr- k; it. doe s not mf'an tlt at th(·re sha ll lJe
ln!J st r·' ~< a l a d rm C'VE't'.V taiJ Jp (·\·ery day; It does not
tll t'lt ll th itt e,·, ·r y woma n in llH • corn munit~· sha ll be
n,.
<jllil'ti st i <' sc hool of Socia li s m . Th e Sociali~t~ . the
g il!'lto Socia ll ~ t s of the J•;as t . no l ongt'r believ e in the
strong , firm Socia l l Bnl of the Pt:trly day s. 1\lention 'C'onn sr alion ' in t i lE' ghetto of l\:••w Yorl{ and th e l ea d ers
will lltrow up th eir hand s in h o l y h o rror. I Bli ll h c l ie1·~
that Sodnl i st s sh o tild Rtrlr p to elim inate the cap ital i st
rlac~ and wip e away the pril·nte ownership of min es,
mill s, fnctori eH , railroad s and o th E'I' soc ial ll eP d s.
" I do not IJ<•llevp that ~oc i a i ist s shou l d sof t en and
y i eld , e1·entunlly lwco min g m e r e refonners who se greatpSI llP sirp iH c•C' ohorny In goH• rnment and low taxes, and
the iilH•. Tli<'Y s hould tuk e upon themselves th e task
of doing nwar 1\' lth the robbi n g cap itali st syste m, do
n w ny with the profit syste m and pla ce th e workers in
possess ion of th e lndu stri Ps ."
"Ar e ~·on opposed to politil'al action?" l\lr. London
was a sk ed.
" I bclle v,, there is much to be gained b~' entering
polllirll l cail1)laigns ," he auswered. "The r ea l ad1·antage,
in m~· opiilion . l s the great opportunity to educate the
work ets to an unders tanding of the wrongs of th e presPH I s~·stem and the m eanin g of class conscious n ess ."
"!)o yon b eli e v e in sabotage and syndicalism?"
'" Hopeles sly so. I have b el\P\'ed \n thPm for tw·pnty
y eah.;. l look upon mysel f as a \'Pteran in th e So cialist
tnov e n1 ~ nt.
I joined wh pn it was di sg race ful to b e
ln\o\\"1\ as a Soclallst- I be lle\·e th at any means will
jlis\ i fy t he end. I belie\·e in any m ethod to brlng about
tl1e BorialiM commoi1\\"ealtl1."
''Yon think that a p eacefnl and legal change is impossible o·•
"flistory shows that ·n o master class l s eYer will ing
:Sy
CHESTER M . ·w RIGHT
deckeG. out in. the gaJ;b of snobbery (jJii that every man
shaH be eo.ab[ed no g0 t o his daiLy toil in tiull dress.
N0thfo.g like that~ n0thing footish.
Putting it in another w a y, that platform statement
is just the Socialist ex~ressi0n of the need 0f those
who wr! fo v a fairer chance in life, a chance for enough
r es t , (' n ou g h ~lay, enough education; a chance to get
back a little more of the product of labor. until in the
end all that labor creates shall remain wir.h chose who
perform the labor. It is the Socia lis t way of saying,
''\\'e know where we are g oing and we are on the
wa.r."
It has been a rather commonplace saying in American pol itics tha t platforms are m ade to get into office
on and not to be performed upon after office is secured ,
Th<Jt saying i s rather going ou t of style nowadays.
:O.: one has been more actil"e in putting it out of style
than rhe So cialist. For it has been d iscovered by American jloliti<:ian .; that the Socialist means what he says.
I t ha,; been discov ered that wh en the Socialist party
put s forth a r, latform it puts forth a platform upon
which it is eager to pe rform · IN offiCE'. And it has been
tlis co ;· e r ed tha t the Socialists DO perform upon their
platforms IN office as well a s run on them FOR office.
Th ere are many people who ha \' e not y et l earn ed
1\·hy it is that the So cia list party a lways p erforms accord ing t o promise-why it is th at one who und er stands
th e Socialists ca n almost a lw ays tell j u st in which di rectiou th e So ci a li st e n ergy wi!! b e ex pend ed ; ju s t
"·here th e Soc ialist s will attac k .
to l e t go 1\·ithout a quarrel. Th e capitalists own the
p:overnmeu t ::; , the armies a nd th e militia.
Don 't you
think th e cap italis t s will u se the::;e institution s t.o keep
the ms elv es in power? I do."
'' \\'hat do you intend to do, 1\!r. London?"
" I fee l that I ha1·e don e my part.
Soc i ali s m has
co st m e hundr eds of th ousands of doll ars. Wh en the
tim e comes I'm goin g to stay right on my ranch at
Glen Ell en and l et th e r evolution go to b l az es . I 've
done my pa rt."
AftE'I" a paus e, hE> adde d:
"That's the wa y I fe el no\\·.
I suppose when th e
tim e co mes I ' ll l et my emotion s get th e be st of m y
intellect a nd I'll com e d ow n from th e mountain top and
join tho fray ."
"\\'hat a grim, p es simistic 1·iew you hav e, Mr.
London!"
"\\'ell, I'm a p essi mi st; I admit it. "
A s I ro se to lea1·e, I shook his hand ana sald:
'' Y es. and I think I kn ow the cause of ycur pe s!::;inli!:;nl . ' '
"Tell me."
"I f epl positi\·e tha t your Ji1·er is out of o rd e1·."
Wzll t!Om Fhe
�The Wester11 Com rade
I
\
This is th2 reason: The Socialist party holds certain teliefs regarding society, its past, its present and
Jts future. Because of these beliefs the Socialist party
111ust take a certain course. No man or woman enters
tbe party without belief in what the party stands for;
without underManding its diagnosis of conditions and
il!l pr..scription or remedies. 'Yhate,·er differences there
arP among Sodalists are largely-almost solely--difJ••r .. nces of opinion regarding tactics. But the Socialist
jlany stands adamant upon the proposition that the
ft"<>f!ent t;odal sy!.lem is absolutely wrong and that the
n•uwdy liH in the co-operati\·e commonwealth. The
•·o-opnratiH• ,.,,mmonwealth cannot come, except through
1111• •r:,.nhmw of ! liP present profit system. For that
H·<HWII <•\·;·ry t•nc·rgy · is l1ent toward the overth row of
1IJI' p;·oflt hy~t<·m.
J·:n ry Li t or addt>d security to labor i s a bl ow at the
prolit n)"Sl£·m. f-:,·.,ry sl rong, healthr, clean, normal
'!Ji ld ;H an a~sel to t he c·ause of Socialism . E\·ery unlll·<·••,;sary linur <·lipped from lhfii drudge of l abor Is a
11dl•· !'toll<· pa sH<·Il in thE' march toward compl ete eman<'ipatilln. J-:,·,·ry woman pla<:ed in a normal sphere. every
1nan .1 llo i,.; gi\·,·n a Htraight hack and a clear brain,
ar•· Hl <· pping ~ l <•n<•,; to freedom. Every tenement abol1~1"• 11, Pl'l•ry l ·on1 e made beautiful and clean, every
:' 11'1'"1 mad,. ~ ··1 ,·icl'able hon estly, every park and school
:111<1 playgro1111<1 th C'He ar(• things that have a differen t
\a lii" II > lite Socialist than to mo ~t other· people.
Yo t: r HI rung, hC'al thy c hild may h e t be son of a
lit·nl<l< rat; your workingman whoHe conditions are imi•roq·d may Htil l be a ltepllhli can -s till the Socialist
••q.:anization works for the irnproYement of the condili "IIH of all. l .. or tllp Socia list party r ecognizes and
l• ·ac !H· ~ till' id< ·a lhat a ]IPople whose brains are free to
lilinl< and w iH·;•• hodi <•s are clean enough to back up
:11111 pro1·id• · foocl for p;ood brains will not remain l ong
ill 811.1' HOI'! Of itO!ldage!
Your IU·ptli ·lif'an or lJpmocratic nPigbhor who i s
!>ringing up a lo righ t. y01111g fami l y with l ee way to think
'''"' tlll LI<•rstand and <'XPI'dse th e natural faculty to
tll<jui n· and rPaHOll and :tcq 11irP information withou t fear
iH tnPnar·E> a - plPnty to the nPxt generation of ca pi ta lism .
:-:o Ill<' Sol'lalis t persi st s in demanding for ALL the
things that h l· r)ema nd s at all!
011t of th C'HC th ings comes the spi rit of.. Socialist
Itiiiitici pal admi nistrations, a spirit manifestly and
ll<·n·ssari!)· diffE-rC'nt from th e spi ri t that actuates any
ut hr>r ~o rt of administra tion.
Tel set up the contention that a Socia l ist administl'!lllOn will difl p r in spiri t in differ ent municipalities
if' to se t up t h!' impossible, sin<'e the Sociali st part.y is
intprnational and actuated in all nations by th e same
mot il·es and for the same · r easons. A Sociali st ad miuiR ration in Chicago will have the same spirit as a
~oeinllst ndm l n i!ltration in I~ankakee. It will be found
thP same in Schenectady as in Berk eley, the same in
Bu tt E' as in l\li!waukee- and when the time comes. the
R!llll!' in N'ew York as in l~os Angeles and San Franti!'eo.
Thr> Soeia!i~t s in different cities may DO different
thing-;.;, but they wi ll do them for IDENTICAL REASO:-\', workin :; toward ON'E l"nd!
One of th fir·st thing the Soci ali ts did in Milwauk €'e was t o !'ompel the in lallation of air brakes on
!;tr€'el cars and to com)>€'1 sani tation i n street cars. Two
of thE" greates.l things it accomplished were a phenomenal
rE-form in strl'et paving and a wholesome re,·ision of
the mnnner oi Jevyina taXI'S, the latter being now in
proc-e:> for the reason that the ~ocialisl tax commis -
93
sioner did not take ·office until a few weel.'"S before the
term uf Mayor Seidel expired_ On th~ other baud, the
Socialists in Schenectady found their opportunity greatest in furnishing ice and coal to the people at'<£OSt
through mul!icipal enterprise.
So, you wiU find the ociali t admini tration of different cities DOING diffe•ent things. But always the e
things that they are doing are done IN THE Al\1E
DIRECTION, so to speak. They may use different guns
hut they all SHOOT THE AME WAY!
The Socialists of Milwaukee were able to in. tnll a
complete municipal factory inspection system, owing to
legislation tha: the party had been able to force through
the state l egislature and through this inspection system factory conditions were wonderfully improved for
l\Iilwaukee workers. On one occasion I went with a d puty inspector· t o a factory wh ere th e filling for ch ap
quilts was made. The product of that factorv was sold
exclusively to the working class. The place . was indescribably filthy. It was a menace to the workers who
toiled there and to the workers who purchased the
product. flags from the tenements were taken, uncleaned, ground and prepared for use in quilts, a substi tute
for fresh, n ew co t ton . The deputy went direct to the
comm issi oner, omitting al l red tape and delaying formality. He detailed the conditions that he had found
and he showed samples of what he had found. Bang!
The door of that factory was shut and sealed under orders that it he not open ed again until i t was made sanitary and until some method of sterili zing the materials
used l~ad been found.
Profits? Who said anythi ng about profits? This
ti me it. was LIVES'
I <;aw Mayor .J. Stitt Wilson l ook out of a window In
the B!'rkeley c i t)' hall where workmen were pu tting
the finishing touch es upon a municipal playground where
the c hildren might com e to play without f ear of trespass or warning to he ca r eful not to spoil the l awn.
He was proud of that little bit of work; he knew what
it meant, not in magnitude, but in DIRECTION!
None of th€Se th in gs i s Yer y big in itself. Not one
of th em . nor all of th em constitute the Sociali st goal.
No effort ha s been made t o sum up what Soci alist s have
acco mpli shed in any city t h at h as or has had a Socialist
adm ini strati on. Th e sol e object has been to bring out
1he spirit that animates Socialist adm in is trations-to
set out the lin e that separates Socialist from capitalist
in the admin i stration of municipal affairs. The Spirit
of the Soci al ist i s always the spirit of revolution and
that i ,; th e spirit Olltt an imates ever y Soci alist administ r ation i n the world. If Socialist administrations · DO
different thing<> it is fdT th e v ery good reason that th ey
fi nd themselves con fronted by different manifestations
of t h e capitalist system, as well as by different limitations in the way of statutes and o th er blocki n g agencies.
But whatever Socialists do, whatever they undertake, ;t alwan is done according to one measure, and
that measure, applied, will al ways d etermine the action
of the Socia lis< party: WHAT DOES THE WORKING
CLASS :\'EED AND WANT?
U nder the capitalist system the capitalist is engaged
in keeping from the working class as much as possible.
Th e object of the Socialist i s to stop that proceeding.
Therem comes t he class line, the class Interest and the
class conflict. ·when you have found t he class Inter.; ests of the workers you !rave found what the Socialists
are fighting for and the spirit of their fight is the spirit
of the people who are fighting for justice, who know
their road and who know they will win. It is an irresistible spirit and there Is not likely to come up out
of capitalism any immovable object to halt i ts progress.
�The Western
94
PROTEST AND PROPHECY
LiGH 0. PE~TECOST once said in a
Memorial day address:
'' :'\ ot because war is glorious, but because men who live and die for their fellowm en are glori ous, ncn thol.lgh their dcYotion
fin<.ls expression in so shameful a thiug as v;ar, do
we uhsen e :-rcmorial Jay.
"By and by we sliall leam to d ecorate the
gran-!-> of factory children who arc worked to
deatl1 , of trainmeu who arc l\ ill eJ in scnice, of
r:o nsu1nptiHS wh o di e ifl swcatshops-Yictims of
th e strup;gle humanity is makin g for better conditions.
' ·A rHf by and by \\:e shall dec orate the graves
of prwts. proph ets and JH' :ICP-bringers, when war
shall lut \'(' <:easeJ."
• • •
THE ONE AND THE MANY
AHL I3.\H:-\ES, for-merly of Stanford Uninr-:;it.y, un cc used the followipg illustration
of how strength ening the ind ependence and
power of the individual finally secures a higher
form of unity:
Th e first printing wa.<; done without separable
types. A new constru ction was required for each
piece of printing. When the types were perfected
th ey \\'Crc capabl e of wide individual use, and yet
could be combin ed into a more perfect unity than
und er the old method.
The mod ern growth into a personal sense of
being one with all mankind is quite consistent with
th e desire to arouse in each the fullest personal deYcloprnent. There are many persons who are as
yet scarcely distinct individuals. They absorb the
ideas of those about them, accept the approved
routine for their lives; their actions and their
emotions are gonrned by the strongest suggestion
of their associates.
Such passiYe, negative people are largely back
in the primal mass unity.
The great need is that education and the pressure of conditions break up this mass and bring
out each human unit ir:to the power it possesses.
Comr~!.de
It is only when there is such individuality that
true social consciousness is possible. The riper
and fuller the individual life the more capable is
it of that enlargement of sympathies and wider
consciousness required of one who knows himself
part of a great human whole.
• • •
TRYING TO SOLVE THE PUZZLE
IIE:-..r Los Angeles cast the huge vote of
19ll, it seemed that this could never be
reduced . True, it was not earned in the
slow, steady fashion 'ocialists expect, but
the pressure of class feelin g was so intense, it
seemed that no one who. had w eathered that
storm could ever fail the cause ther eafter. Since
then, one election afte r· another has shown that
less than half the vote then cast can be depended
upon when only the ordinary conditions prevail.
Th ere is only one way to a ccount for this.
The friends of that day are with us still in spirit,
but they do not realize that a vote has power
even if it does not elec t.
"When my vote can coullt to put the Socialists in, it is theirs, but until th en I will not bother
to vote or will help choose bet\\-een evils.'' This
is what many feel and a few say. It is a woefully
wrong position. THE SIZE OF THE SOCIALIST
VOTE IS THE BIG POWER IN THE WORLD
TODAY IN CITY AND IN NATION AND IN
EVERY PART OF THE WORLD.
Los Angeles will need to bestir itself and put
in a Socialist Council or r eact ion will show itself
more openly than it has dared to do since the
primaries of ] 911 made it known that that city
was on the red map ill emphatic fashion.
• • •
CONSTRUCTION NOT DESTRuCTION
UCH of man's work goes for nothing.
Much energy is wasted through methods
employed. Well-meaning people with the
best motives accomplish littl e of the good they
seek because working through wrong methods.
Nature is constructin, not destructive. Man
is beginning to learn from her. He is also- coming to understand that only insofar as he cooperates with her and her laws can he be certain
�T h e Western Comrade
o( ~u:compli!ihmcnt.
Ha\·e you not noticed bow
Ju>nisttmtly tire dry, brown lea,·es of t he oak remaiu dinging to their stems throughout the cold
l!Ja~t~ of wintl!r, never yicldin" to the fie rcest
11tormH. But in the s p rin g, after the stout blasts
''I'WW their angry shakings, some warm, h riuht
1lny flwy gently loo~>en their hold and fall quietly
111 1lw ,!{round. What has d islodged t hem 1 The
11r•w, Ji,·ing ~;ap fr·orn tiH! roots of t he t ree workHrg u p and uut with p rmn i:;c of new a nd fresher
fulill).('l'.
II tJ who- wou ld :r tt t·m pt w it h a flo uris h of
loruollls aJHI du ste rs or more su lJsta nt ial weapons
1o d isp1•l dar·l<rwsH fi'Om a r·oorn would injure his
n ·putat ion for fianity. E\'cry c: hil1l und ~ rs t ands
1hut 11 11 JHH n •r ~ a ve lig ht ca n ba ni sh darkness.
\\"li l'll rna11ldn d un dc)·st auds t hat this prinl'il,J" is l'(j tl!llly ap p lic:~ c t o all li fe 's probl ems,
1111•1'1' wi ll li ll\' ' ua wncd a d ay fi ]) pc} with hope
:111 cl p r·omisr.
It i ~ IL IN;son m a ny Soc· ia li st s should tal\ c
I n hf•fir·t .
• • •
LET US FORGET IT
()JWE'I' it ! '!'h err i!'; no cr cc<l of greater
\ ' ; iltl<' to linnuttlity tllllll that comprised in
t li <'St' two word s. F or get what ? Forget
11ll t li r r r n I or· fnn eicd injuries don e you .
l·'n r g t'( t II t• s l i ~ h ts, t II r injustic es, th e misuoJcrs tHlldill g- of yo ur motiv r s. For·get all in' the past
t li nt to yo u Sl'Clllrtl had and r emember only th ~
guo tl , Evt' l'Y rcol ot· fan cied wrong r emembered.
, . ,. , , ,. ~. 1lPs ir·p to r r pny th sam
in kind harbored
Wlll'ks nn i njury not only to th e individual who
hll l'hcm; it. hu t t o soc i ty as w II. No man or
\\' Olll ll ll t•on he tr·u ' to th emselves whi le th ey
hli t'hor· in th eir nntut· s a sense of wrongs done
l h••m nr· n t1csir· t n r even g th emselves for real or
t'ntH·it•d inj uri<.'s . li ght OL' indirrnit ics. Th e most
11 11hnpp~· p<.'t' on in xi ten~.: i h who r·ememb ers
nil his wn mi. tal\ . a nd th mi. take o f friend ;
nil i ht• littl unplen antncs. e. tha t nrc bound to
•:t•t•t•p into \'cry lif . T he lc on t au ght from
t hNiC' is t h onl 1 hin g wor t h r m m be1·ing. E very
human lif mi,.ht h hnppi<'r t han it i i f each
\\' ultl n.d pt thi impl ~ r rc d : For a r t a far
Hs pn. ·ihlt' e\'N'Y nnpl('a nnt thing iu 'the pa t.
Fnt·~~>l thQ ilk f tl~> pr<'. ent. lt doe n 't make
~·
them or y ou any better to hink about them and
dwell upon the))l in though or eom· rsation.
D rive them out of mind by t urninrr attention to
something el e. Let the mind dwell upon th
pleasant, positive things in life to t he ex elusion
of the negative, unplea ant things and the result
will be an increa e in the urn total of human happ iness. For get it . In the p r actical ap plication
of this creed there i health joy and happine for
whomsoenr w ill make it his own .
• • •
PRESIDENT WILSON 'S PLATITUDES
ET us be good, bu t not too good. Let u be
honest, but not t oo honest. Let u r eform
abuses, but be careful th at we hurt n obody . This, with becoming r eference t o
ou r g r eatness and grand eur as a nation and
pl ent eous a llusions to the Deity, was the nbstancc of President \Vilson 's Inaugura l." 'rhus
begins an editorial in Pearson 's for May.
Truly, not since th e r eign of Th eodore has
t here emanated such high -sounding platitudes as
continue to fall from th e lips of the present
incumbent.
As an anaignm ent of existing conditions the
President's ' ' n ew freedom'' has no doubt educ·ational value of a k ind. But a long-suffering
publi c, having had its curiosity wh etted, now
anx iously awaits some intimation of the nature
of the President 's construct ive policy. Just how
he proposes to mak e th e strong weaker and the
weak st ronger is what the people would now like
to be told . Th e man on th e "make" who has
been assured that he is to be th e especial benefi ciary of the presen t Administration is becoming
anxious for th e " melon cutting " to begin.
H e is quite familiar with th e good old Democrat ic tariff a ntid ot e for ec onomic ills and is beginning t o f r ar th at a fter all th e loud talk this
is th e only "jok er " up the President 's sleeve.
• • •
FINDING FEET OF CLAY
HE fairy stories ma squ ~ ra d in g as Ameri can
H ist ory w ill ha ve to he r ewr itten soon if
th e l\1 arx ia n Yicw of t hin gs continu es t o
open th C' ry C's of thP writ ers of books. A.
1\T. .'imons ' "Social For cf's in Ameri can History "
hC'wPd out a path wh ieh has been followed v igorou 1.'· by Prof. Cha rles A. B eard o f Columbia
Cni\·('r. ity .
�96
The Western Comrade
Professor Bea rd. has uug deep into musty
boxes, somr. of th em c:o ,· cr cd with dust whi ch had
to be r emov ed with a nu·uum t: lcancr, and has
found ( ah , woe is \H• 11 pro of im:ontestable that
th e Yr·ncraiJ!e and infallibl e rn en of th e conven tion \rhi r·h fornwd th l! A1nerican Const itution
wer e rl yt· d -in-th e-wool r·lass -~:o n s~: ious cap italists.
Sor·ialists only rw •·•lr-d to r c.a d t hat d ocument
t o know this long ago. lnr t a lot of folks " ·ill not
hcli e rr· until a ( 'uluntl,ia JH' O~essur tells them.
" An El'ono1nit· lnt •· r·pi't't ation of th e .Am e ric:an
('onstitntiun " is thf' tit I<' of' this book and, of
•·fJ!Irs c, :\la cmillan puldish• ·s it.
BETTER FRUITS, FAIRER FLOWERS
T l S said of Lu tl11 ·r Burlwnk , th e mira cleworker in th e YPgda bl c kingdom , that h e
c](•r·lan·d: " I shall be eo ut f' nt if, becaus e
of rn e, t hl' r c sha II be h rt t •·r fruit s and fa ir er fio\\· crs. '' A g r ra t id eal , is it not ? "\n id eal of senicc open t o all. Jt is tnrt· all cannot cont ribute in
th e sa m e d rg rf' <' "·ith this " ·o nd cr-worl; cr, but
there is no man , 110 \\·o man , \\·ho ra nn ot co ntribut e
to,rard mabn g thi s l'a rth th e fair r r for their liY m g. "\II ca n r·om e in to vital tour:h with th e uni Yc r·s e at some point ; can beeomc in som e m easur e
a c r eator of bea uty; ra n co-op erat e \Yith nature in
},ringing int o mani festat ion t lr at fullest, more
abundant life for whi ch she c \· er stri \'(•s.
SUPREME COURT DEADLOCKED
N in t e r esting situation rapidly bec oming
a ctl-i2 ha s aris en in th e l·nit cd Stat es
Supn·mc Court.
~
Three c:ascs of utm ost importan ce t o th e
p eople arc ti ed up in th r hamls of the judges.
Th ese ~:as c s are th e l\Iirmesota rat P, th e Omaha
bridge arHlthc Spokan c-Hcno cases .
]\fore . than twenty <·as r.s in,·ohing state
authority to mak e t\YO- ec ut fare la \\·s or to cut
fr eight and passenger rat es within a state, are
await in g d ec ision of th e Minn esot a <·asc. Jf th e
circuit c·our·t he uph r td it will m ean that no state
can r rgulat c its state traffi c on roads also used for
int erstat e traffi c. As th e const itution of the
l :nit ed Stal l' S givrs th r fed eral goYccnm cnt co ntrol
only O\·c r intersta.t e traffi c, it would mean that no
authority exists to control purely state traffic.
Th e Spokane-Reno int ermountain cases involve
th e right of a road to charge more for a shorter
th an for a longer haul. Th e r a ilroads imposed a
rate whi ch m ade it more costly to ship fr eight to
Spokan e and R eno than to ship the same freight
all th e \\·ay to the Pacific Co ast. General equalization " ·as as k ed by the comme r ce comm ission.
The roads w ent to cou rt.
Th e Omaha brid ge case si mpl y irwoh ·es t he
question of wh eth er the Int erstate Co mrn cr·cc Com mission has and cnn enforce aut h orit y OYer muni cip al tra11sit service whi ch crosses a stat e lin e.
Common sense w ould indi cat e but one possibl e
d ec is ion in th ese cases and that for the p eopl e and
agai nst th e railroads. But unfortunately co mmon
sense is one t hing and th e law as co nstru ed by
(·onrt s wh pn t he int er est s of th e corporations and
th e p eo ple a r·e irnoh·ed is far too oft en quite
anot her .
Of eours r, n r ith r r kin g nor <·ourt ea n do wrong,
~·c t in th l' t'Yr nt that s uch a thing \\' er r possibl e,
th l' n rxt hes t \\'il.'' to sen·r th e railroads in case
a (]f•,· is iun in th r ir· fanH' \\' er e t oo ha r<'-facrd \\' Ould
hP t o l'l'< 'il1 l' a tl ca dlo ck.
IN MINER'S MIRAGE LAND
C.\ Ll F OR:'\L\ \\'Oman writ r r once \\TOt e a
ho ok " ·hi c: h she ca ll ed. " Jn l\Iincr's :\Iirage
l 1a nd. "
ln on e of its chapt er s she sa id:
"Jf ~·o u lo\'C th e desert , and liY c in it , a nd li e
awal; e at nigh t under its lo\\·-han g in g sta rs, you
krJo\1· you ar c a part of th e plu se brat of the uniYersc, and y ou f ee l thr s \\·in g of th e sph er es
through s pa l'C, and you h ea r through the sil ence
th e Yoi cc of God ·sp ea king .
" Th r n you will com e to kn o"· that no better
thing is in t h e \YOrld for man than just this- the
clos e-tou ching of gr eat things: th e und cs ir e of the
sma ll , su ch as the man -crowd ed pla ces g iY c, a nd
just enough food and clothin g and shelter to support life, and enough work to fill one's days . ''
Th er e are f ew p ersons '"h o haY c c,·e r bern able
to com pr eh end the old prosp ecto r in his lonely,
isol a t ed li fe or th e hold " ·hi ch that life ga ins in
his affect ions.
In the mountain r eg ions today, wand c r·ing over
�The Western Comrade
the hills and through the canyons with a prospector's outfit can be found men to whom that life
has become second nature; men who would die of
suffocation in haunts where their kind most do
congregate. They will continue living where they
arc and die as they are.
Jf asked what the charm of that life upori them,
they could not tell. They !mow the fact but arc
unable to int erpret it.
Search fot· gold-do you say ? }.1 ot at all!
They have long sinee abandon ed hope in that direc-tion. It is a nam eless something that chains
and holds them where they arc. They may at
1im cs delude themsel Yes with false hopes.
'l'hey
;11ay tht·ow out alwad fals e promises to lure them
u11.
Yet all th e tim e thry are cognizant of the.
dt>lusion. 'l'hry know themselv es as irrevocably
,-ommitt cd to their IIHII1ner and mode of living as ·
1hough uouud with chains of steel.
~one may Yoicc th e emotion of their souls. But
as 1his writet· says:
' ' Some time ~r om· destiny may lead you there,
nnd lying in yo\11· blankets some night under a
purpl e-black sky that is c-t~wded with palpitating
stars, whil e the warm desC'l·t wind blows softly
<>HI" you-caressing your face and smoothing your
l1;1 ir as no human hands could-and bringing with
it the hushed night-sounds that only th e desert
knows; th en-a ll alone with only God aud the
desPrt__:you "·ill come at last to understand the
old prospector and his ways."
•
•
DECADENCE OF PIE
NEW YORK medical authority says the
1\merican pic has r eached the period of its
decadence and is fast disappearing from
aristocratie menus. ;Commenting upon the fact, a writer says:
"It is now we realize for the first time that the
framers of the constitution of the United States
did their wot·k in a sloven ly manner.
"Nothing was sa id in th e constitution about
th e p erpetuation of the Am erican pie. It now
dawns upon us all too late, that the preamble to
the constitution shou ld have read as follows:
"We, the people of the United States, in order
to form a more perfect unwn, · establish justice,
97
insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, secure.
the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our poster-'
ity and, above all, to foster and encourage the
home manufacture of the American pie, do ordain
and establish this· constitution for the United
States. ''
'l'his is an era of decaden
Many American
institutions heretofore deeme impregnable and
eternal are threatened. Eve he Declaration of
Independence has been characterized by the president of an American college as a bundle of consecrated fallacies. Free speech and a free press are
frowned upon in certain quarters and even the
fundamentals of democracy are called in question.
Americans are a long-suffering people. But
there is a liinit to their forbearanl~.:-a limit beyond which the iconoclast goes at his peril. Is it
not probable t hat he who attacks the great American dainty-pic-is standing very near the dividing line separating good-natured indulgence from
righteous indi gnation 1
There are few American men to whom pie is
-not the piece de resistance. It has been asserted
that the road to a man's heart is through his
stomach-an assertion most men would dispute,
whatever most men's wives might say. Yet the
fact remains that these same men would regard
as a serious infringement upon their liberty any
organized attempt to deprive them of the consecrated pi e of their fathers .
The American pic is, in a peculiar sense a national delicacy. lt was used in large quantities
hy the Pilgrims to fill the'm with hope and vigor
as they blazed the way for those whu were to come
after. Rocked by the stormy breezes .of the
Atlantic as the Mayflower dt·ifted almost helplessly over its briny depths, developed by contact
with the rude winds and sterile soil of New England, matured in the fiery crucible of the Revolutio n, the love of liberty has become the heritage
of every true American. And amid all the struggles, through each successive step in this evolution
of liberty, each succeeding generation has been fed
on pie. It is indissolubly link ed with the development of the American spirit, and as long as that
spirit sm;vives so long will the American pie find
defenders worthy to defend it.
�98
The Western Comrafl e
IN LOVE WITH LIFE
0 be joyously alive-this i~ is to be in love
with life; this it is to love.
"\Vouldst know the secret of this manner of life 1 It is to love supremely; to become attuned to the key to which the music of
the spheres is writ; to understand-that at the center of nature there beats a heart of infinite life
and Jove.
Down in the great state of Texas there sings
an humble poet, whose song is ever a song of
joy. He is that modern creation-a newspaper
poet, singing once, twice and sometimes thrice a
day. Each note struck rings with joy. There ar e
no minor strains. He is a father, and many of
his poems ring t he changes upon his love . fo r his
baby girl. And it is this supreme affec tion of his
heart which is the key that has unlocked for him
the r eservoir from wh ence flows the stream of a
p erennial joy. Thus, without intend ing it, does he
disclose his sccrrt:
"My baby is playing nex t door· tonight,
And her mother is with her th er e,
And I know that her eyes arc all alight
And the nig1tt breeze lifts her hair ;
And to me the old world seems all right,
Out here in my easy chairOut hcr·c in my chair· iu the pcrf_umcd night,
\Vith her laugh in my ears, the world's all right!
"The jasmi ne is white 'gainst the dark green
gloom
Of the shrub, and its perfume drifts
And catches the scent of each other bloom
And blends with them all, and lifts
Like an unseen scarf from a fairy loom,
Bulged big with some wondrous gifts,
And my baby's laughter comes through the night
'fo. my easy chair, and the world's all right!
"Aye, she's just over there, is my baby wee,
And here's me in my easy chair,
And, oh, but the world has been good to me,
And, oh, but the world is fair!
For my baby is where -I can hear her glee,
And her mother is with her there,
And the blooms are bending 'round where I sit,
And the world's all right! I'm in love with it! ! ''
INCOME TAX- rJRST BRAIN .FRUITS
DUCATION of the kind that is inSerted in
the cranium with a hammer is sure to be
one of the best .result.s of the income tax.
Already some facts shining with a great
and mighty light have been brought out in that
connection. Two statisticians in the Treasury
· Department have made estimates as to the number that will be eligible to pay a tax, namely,
those who have incomes of $5000 p er year. They
differ largely on the question of how many ha e
incomes of '5000 and less than $7500, one aying
100,000, the other 200,000. On one point they are
agreed, that less than 3000 persons have incomes
of $100,000 or over.
In the tables given as to wealth distribution
the figures are usually from the census of 1 90
or 1900. For some wise reason the figures for
1910 census are not easily available. Yet the piling up of wealth in a f ew hands has gone on far
more rapidly in the last ten years than before
that t ime. 'fhe income tax is likely to make some
of th e facts evident.
According to t he tables mentioned about
35,000 p ersons receive $20,000 a year or over.
This is the least that can be accounted wealth,
the least that provides real leisure and luxury.
There are, then, 35,000 out of 51,500,000 (the
population over 21 years of age) who are r eaping
the chief harvest of America's vast "prosperity."
That is six-hundredths of one per cent or three
out of 5000.
That the 4997 like the situation would seem
clear on election days. Perhaps not next time.
Let us watch and see:-
..
• • •
...
•
So many men confound prejudice and bigotry
with intellectual integrity and moral stamina.
To sell one's friends for financial gain is but
another form of selling one's soul to the devil.
~
Character assets are of much greater importance to the true man or woman than finalhlial
possessions.
• • •
No man can leave greater legacy to his children than he whose death is sincerely mourned
by all who knew him in life.
�99
T h e W e s t e r n C o m r i:l?d e
Whose life in this generation has been most nearly
what you would want your daughter's to be?
Have you ever asked yourself this question?
In this age of changing ideals and enlarging opportunities for women, it is interesting to ask what opportunities and what goals are after all truly worth while.
Education? Just as much as the age allows-provided always that it has in it a purpose large enough,
unselfish enough to repay society for what it costs and
to reward the one who works for it
in soul growth and the consciousness
of vital service in a great cause.
Marriage? Yes, provided that .. a
right one be· found strong in body,
mind and character, and if like training and devotion to a common cause
be added, so much the greater fortune.
Judged in ~his way, May Wood
Simons is a favored daughter of her
time. She has had the best the
country affords in educational lines,
having graduated from North Weste rn University and later doing the
work for a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Chicago University. In 1910,
she competed for the Harrison prize
for th e best thesis in Economics and
wen when her competitors were all
men and the judges the professors in
Economics in five of '-the great universities.
While engaged in the preparation
of this work, Mrs. Simons was busy
each day as Assistant Editor of the
Chicago Daily Socialist, of which her
husband was the Editor-in-Chief. He
is now the editor of The Coming Nation.
Mr. and Mrs. Simons are almost the
only "red card Soci!llists" who are
doing scholarly, original investigation. Much of their work has J;leen to
dig out the facts of history from . the
documents of given periods. They
are demonstrating the Marxian theory of history (that economic forces
control the trend of events) in many
May Wood
ways.
This all sounds as though musty libraries had crowd ed out all homey comfort and romance. Not by any
means. No couple could better suit the school girl's
imagining. Here is the dark-eyed stalwart hero and
the golden-haired, dainty 'lady, as mutually devoted as
heart could wish.
The moving of The Coming Nation to Chicago meant
the return of this family to their artistic, carefully
planned little home in Evanston, with a garden in
which the farmer editor raises miraculous vegetable
harvests. One thing about this house is significant.
There is no kitchen in it. In a corner of a beautiful
dining room is a buffet gas range and a dainty sink.
A screen can hide it all easily when desired.
Perhaps you think there is no difference between
eating in the kitchen and- cooking in the dining room,
but that is where you greatly mistake. There is all
the difference between our grandmother's time and our
own; all the difference between living to eat and eating to live. Think it through and see.
The important part of this establishment, however,
is the ·winsome, dimpled little beauty of twe1ve years,
who plays like a child of six in mischievous gaiety and
devours grown-up histories with as
much pleasure as her fait'y stories.
If one is searching, too, ·for an
old-fashioned mother or rather for
· a devoted mother, a supreme example
may be found in this most. modern of
women. Miriam has never spent a
night away from her mother and the
brooding care she has received has
been the marvel of all observers.
Mrs. Simons is much in demand
as a lecturer. Much experience as a
"soap-boxer" in tl:).e earlier stages of
the work, has given . her great power
as a practical propagandist. With a
fine voice, tremendous earuestness
and effective skill, she is equipped as
are few scholarly persons to give others the benefit of her grip on principles.
Mr. and Mrs. Simons have both
·been delegates to every convention
held by the Soq,ialist Party and to Socialist Labor party conventions prior
t~ that. She was delegate to the las t
International Congress. In all phases
of the organization work, her efforts
have been persistent and most helpful.
Such realization even today of wellrounded, many-sided life is a prophecy
of rich, more beautiful fulfillment in
the llfe of aU the race.
Do you remember in Ibsen's "Doll's
House," the husband says to Nora,
"First of all you are a wife and mother." Nora answered,' ''First 'o f all I am
a human being."
Even with this
woman's unique devotion as a wife and
mother, she has never lost sight of
Simons
the fact that she is, first of all, a
human being, a human being with full responsibility
to serve her generation. May the future have even more
in store for her and for hers of e ffective service in the
grat movment which forms the larger life of all o! us.
~,..._. ,. ,,
...,
64
h '1
Smile aw;.l
e, . t) I . ) l
And while you smile another smiles,
And soon there's miles and miles of smiles
And life's worth while,
Because you smile.
~
�_./
T h e Western C om r a de ~
By MILA TUPPER MAYN.ARD
A
WORKING
GIRL IN
NOTABLE
PLAY
"Hindle Wakes," the most discussed play of the
year, has as central figure a novel kind of "new woman."
It is not a doctor or lawyer, a suffragette or a doctor of
philosophy, !JUt a factory girl. Moreover, the factory
girl Is no t th e kind to pass laws fo~ and sob over, but
a young woman proud of her skill, .weJI paid as wages
run, sure that as Jon: ·as cloth i s~ woven in England
that she is su re of a job ..and can support herself. Incide ntaJly she can decide her own-fate without dicta tion from parents or need to marry until it e ntirely suits
her so to do.
:.
Ail this is pleasant to note, but the play also makes
it a pparent that thi s self-de pe nd ent young woman
thinks s he can sow wild oats after the fashion of her
broth ers if so it pleases- her, without being forced into
eith e r marriage or prostitution as the result. This can
not be co ntemplated with th e same degree of complacency .
It is painful to think i.hat because women are not
de pendent for bread, that they are to be no longer
s hielded from th e dangerous follies and life-wrecking
mis tak es which have been heretofore difficult for women
but horribly easy for me n.
Let us hope it is not tru e nor will be true. Forced
marriages, no doubt, will grow fewer. Ostracism will
be less used but protecting care will become greater
for girls than it is today, and will extend to boys as
weJI as girls. Freedom and the possibility of going
wrong cannot be prevented and it is probably well that
they cannot be, but a brooding care in the training of
both boys and girls. the utmost effort to make their
interes ts and associations helpful and wholesome will
become, not a lone the problem of parents, but of all
society.
Mankind has not passed so far beyond animalism
that th e race can afford to weaken the safeguards that
have grown up in customs and conventions. V.'e must,
ho wever, turn on the fullest light. The standards of
a "man-made world" must give way to a free world,
but a fr eedom controlled by a reverent regard for what
th e experience of the race has found to be best adapted
to th e general welfare.
a confiding girl and was about to marry her, the
woman cut the knot by dropping from a balcony ten
stories high. Pinero evidently sympathizes with the
PINERO'S PITIFUL WOMEN
To appreciate Hindle Wakes, in spite of the dread
lt stirs, one should read or see some of Pinero's plays.
"The Second Mrs. Tanquary" had a past and the past
cursed all her future until putting herself of!' the earth
seemed the only thing to do.
The last · important play by this author, "MidChannel," pictured a husband and wife ·meeting a rough
place In their life voyage and separating. After a few
months, they discovered that they had made a mistake,
for th eir mutual love was very real. They met. The
busbantfhad serious confessions to make and was duly
il ,.
forgiven.
When, however, it was found that the wife also had
something to confess, the husband took it for. granted
that there was nothing to do but make the other man
marry her . .' Forgiveness on his part was not to be
even imagined. Since the other man had returned to
Emilie Polini, skillful Factory Girl in "Hindle Wakes,"
Who Scorns Marri age Without Love
woman, but he draws the picture as it is, and in the
world he has observed the woman always pay the
penaltY.
The spirit of the factory girl who- refuses to let one
mistake blast her life, is far prefera}:lie to that of the
woman of wealth who finds nothing to live for when
the men of her world regard her as altogether lost. But
�101
The Western Comrade
By ELEANOR WENTWORTH
ILLINOIS WOMEN ON THE DIVORCE QUESTION
Two bills for the regulation of marriage and divorce,
pending in the lllinois legislature, one of which is direct- ed against the securing of divorce by "collusion" and
"fraud," while the other aims to make both marriage and
divorce more difficul.t, have caused quite a turmoil among
the w0men of that state.
On the on e hand, these bills have resulted in a petition for a National Divorce Commission, composed entirely of women, to in vestigate the causes of divorce
in all states of the union. On ·the other hand, they have
resu lted in a scorching open letter to the legislature,
which places the framers of the bills in a ludicrous pesition , and will surely make them laugh at themselves,
if they are humorous enough to face the situation. The
petition for a National Divorce Commission was initiated by Mrs. Charles Henrotin, and is not at all improbable
that the commission will soon materialize. It is to report two yea rs from the date ~f its appointment. The
open letter to the legislature was framed by Mrs. Liaa
Parce and was endorsed by the Woman's Party of which
she is chairman. The letter reads in part, as follows:
"'Ve call your attention to the fact that the parties ,..
1o a marriage contract are not guarded by being provid ed by the state with the text of the contract-before
signing the document. We submit to you that the state
ought to safeguard the sign ing of the marriage contract
at least as well as it does tbe signing of a business
co ntract; and that failure to do so is in the nature of
'collusion' and 'fraud' against the woman, who incurs
such heavy duties and penalties under it. So long as
the girl's story is not all told. Deserted by friends,
among strangers, economic independence will not save
her from new and subtle temptations. Poor girlie!
There are many chances that she will wish she had
taken the Pinero path out of the difficult situation
before she has weathered the storms awaiting a young
woma n with "advanced" ideas.
THE DRAMA'S SPRING.TIME IS E X C ITI NG
This play "Hindle Wakes" is by a new author,
Stephen Houghton. It is remarkable in being so dramatic with almost no action. It is wholly a drama of
ideas and character revelation.
A friend attending the annual meeting of "The
Drama League,'' held in Chicago last week, has sent
me a report of an important lecture delivered there by
Mr. Clayton Hamilton, of Columbia University.
The last thirty years have seen, he said, greater
strides in the drama than for two hundred years before. Alfred Noyes pictures . in ..a poem Shakespeare,
Ben Jonson, Spencer · and others meeting together and
l.Jemoaning the fa ct that there were no more poets. So
I oday there are people who sigh for the greatness of
t he past, while they ignore the truly fine work going
on around them. Hindle Wakes was used as an illustration frequently in this lecture as one of the best of
the new type.
people are not guarded in the signing of the marriage
contract by being furnished with the text of the instrument, the great concern now being manifested regarding 'collusion' and 'fraud' seems somewhat misplaced
and is not altogether convincing. The procuring of d~
vorces by such means ought to be stopped when the
procui:ing of marnages by such means is stopped, and
not until then.
"Further; three fourths of all divorce cases at:e
brought by women, and tw? thirds· of all divorces are
granted to women.
. Lawyers unanimously
testify . that many.,. women try to secure divor ces ·for
causes which they cannot talk about to lawyers and
judges, and fol' which the law does not grant divorce.
Without 'collusion' and 'fraud,' therefore, these women
cannot procure the release they crave. Should such petiticlls be dj:lnled? By doing so the state places itself
!n the positiqn of conspiring to force women to perfqrm,
against their will, functions which it is a criminal indecency to force upon any one. ··
"The bills now befQre you were prepared by a group
of persons, nearly all of whom are priests or judges.
They have publicly declared that their purpose is not to
investigate the causes of divorce, but to make both
marriage and divorce 'more difficult;' like the quack
doctor, who insists that the ulcer must be healed, but
cares nothing about the condition of the blood. Such
a course is frivolous and childish to the last degree and
a confession oi' hopeless incompetency.
"The commission has addressed a letter to preachers, requesting them to demand the 'enforcement' of the
NEW SOCIAL
IN SPIRATION
The reason why the drama is awakening to new life
is because. the industrial revolution is bringing new
ideas, new problelhs and a generation of young thinkers full of a social ardor which they . w"tsh to express
the most effective way. The evolutionary belief in
the power of environment, too, has a large part . in the
new play. Each character is set in a background of
just this world as it is today. Iago and Hamlet could
be found In any period. They need no special setting
in time or place. The modern play.s, except Maeterlinck's are all part and parcel of today's capitalistic
society,
Few of these authors draw the moral direct, but a
searching diagnosis -or the disease will usually give
some thought of a cure to the thoughtful. So the
drama is a powerful agency for the social uplift by
making the essential facts stand out clearly. Browning says that we are made so that we see first when it
is painted things we have seen a thousand times nor
cared to note. A few lines drawn by the ~~ortist will
bring out points in a face or landscape we will never
again forget.
So the -dramatist is · drawing society and making
clear conditions which will never be forgotten and
which must be faced.
in
/
�r ··h e W est e r n Com r a ·a e
102
'sanctity' of marriage: We submit that 'sanctity' is not
of a nature which admits of 'enforcement.'
"Under the regime of 'sanctity' the race has become
infected to the extent of 85 or 90 per cent with deadly
dependent motherhood, when he is not born under compulsio&,.. it may be that he will resent with greater
energy tlte fact that he Jives under compulsion.
But as long as he is conceived of slavery, nurtured in
slavery, and reared in slavery, it can only be expected
that at maturity he will think slavishly.
"i'
\"i'
GRANDMOTHER'S SECRET
Llda Parce
diseases, and the white slave traffic has grown to giant
proportions; while insanity, feeble - mindedness, defectivene~s. delinquency and crime are increasing much
more rapidly than the population. We believe that the
time has arrived when the laws governing maniage, and
hence controlling the reproduction of the race, should no
longer r est on 'sanctity' a lone, but should be framed to
secure the preservation of society, both as to its physical and mental well -bei ng, and its social efficiency and
happiness. Laws to be so framed must rest on the evidence of all the r elated facts, both biological and social.
These judges and priests see marriage only as a theological or legal question, to be settled according to their
respective theories; whereas, It is a practical question,
which .is at the bottom, directly or indirectly, of every
human activity and relationship."
This las t sentence proves that the women who sent
this letter to the legislature have gotten down to fundamentals. It suggests an explanation for the great
difficulty with which pP.rfectly apparent economic facts
are impressed upon the average mind. It does seen:i inexplicable that a man, who must dispose of his mpst
vital energy-his labor power-at the behest of anothe r,
who produces $5.00 and receives $1.00, who builds mansions and Jives in a hovel, or starves while plenty is
within arm's r each, should still Jive under th e illusion
that he Is an independent being.
But when it Is remembered that his mother probably accepts sex slavery with hopeless submission, it
is not so surprising that he should accept economic
slavery with hopeless Indifference. ·
When a man is not a product of forced motherhood, or
"What were your dreams about the' world when you
were my age, Grandmother?" I asked.
It was the first of May and my sixteenth birthday.
In view of this fact Grandmother and I had gone to
the garden on the slope of the hjil for a heart to heart
talk and I had impetuously told her of my ideals and
rose-hued dreams of the future. Now that I had given
vent to my .exuberant, youthful spirits, I hoped that she
would' be responsive.
Receiving no immediate answer, I again put my question and looked at her from my position amidst the
grass and dandelions at her feeL ...Her expression was
so set that I exclaimed in alarm, "Why, dear,-what have
I said to hurt you? Tell me. You know, surely, that
J meant no harm."
"Don't worry, childie," she murmered softly.
"What you said did not hurt me. It was just memories.
Come, give me your hand and I'll tell you what you
ask."
She smiled her wonderful, enigmatic smile and I
crept closer with a queer feeling of suspense, imagining
that all the life in the garden paused in its activities
with the same feeling. The breeze halted its rustling
game of tag between the rose petals and the leaves of
the oaks. The robins stopped their twitter and stood
by at attention. Even the flimsy white clouds,
which had been casting cool, fleeting shadows o-rer the
gravel paths, seemed motionless for the moment. And
the sunlight fell on Grandmother's face, thro:wing a
halo about her soft, white hair that made her look like
the priestess of an oracle.
"At your age, Ruth, I dreamed of many of the things
of which you have just spoken to me; of a peaceful,
beautiful world. peopled with happy, vigorous beings;
dreamed of helping to bring this world; and dreamed
ot Jove.
"It was my pet ambition to paint pictures of the beautiful world we want to create, and as I had done quite
successful work, many of my friends encouraged me to
continue my efforts. But I dreamed a1so of Jove, and
love came first. In the minds of my parents and in the
_mind of my sweetheart, love and ambition exclude each
other in a woman's life. Even my friends, who encouraged me before I thought of marrying, considered it
perfectly natural that I should give up my work on becoming a wife. I was very young and afraid to act
without a precedent. So I gave it up."
"But how could you!" I exclaimed in surprise. "Did
you forget the pictures, really? Or is it because you
couldn't forget them, Grandmother, that your smile Is
often sadde r than tears? I've often wondered about
that."
"Being In Jove made It easier at first," she replied.
"And for a number of years the babies took up so much
time that it was possible, with a little effort, to imag'i ne
that I did not miss my work at all. But as they grew
older and I had more leisure, I found there was a
vacancy in my life which nothing could fill.''
"Didn't you ever work at it again?" I questioned.
''Yes." She looked at me with strange intensity.
''I'll tell you of one picture I tried to paint, after neglecting the work for five years.
�103
The Western Comrade
"It was an .autumn .JUIU!et. When I saw u; I was
etandtng in a llttle boQow. The ftr-covered hills all
aroun4 were the frame and the sky was the picture. To
me it was symbollc of the struggle for that beautlful
world ot Which we dream.
"On the very edge of the horizon hung black, sinister clouds that looked like factories and strikes, hunger and hate. Above the black clouds were crimson
ones, tumultous and fiery, like the 11ames of a social
!urnau, purifying and moulding tbe old order into the
form of the new. Beyond the mass of red clouds were
tiny, broken up, many-tinted groups that gradually grew
paler until they melted into the great blue infinite,
It was for the worst that I am sad; because I know that
my sacrifice was made in vain..
"You remember the time that Grandfather had such
dlmculty in keeping his little magazine running, and
how it finally falled because he was unable to aecnre .
a good artist for · the salary be could afford to pay." If
I had continued my work, I ~uld have helped him then.
As it was, I could ·only assist with the wrapping of the
papers. I might also have remedied the situation at the
time he was so s.eriously ill and we had no money, But
without my profession I could only otter sympathy in
Ueu of money. There are numberless instances in which
I might have helped if I had kept my profession. But I
had dropped it-stopped doing a big work for many
people to do petty work for a few people and •ended by
being unable to do efficient work for anyone."
Grandmother took both my hands in hers and ssld
gaily, yet with unwonted seriousness, "And so in dreaming, girlie, promise me you won't forget to dream of
these two things: Self expression and social service.
If you miss the one, you miss your . happiness. If you
miss the other, you miss your function. I have missed
them both."
• • •
Mrs. Charles M. Henrotln
TRAINING THE CHILD
HERE is a good old Bible passage which
reads : ''Be not conformed to the world,
but ye transformed by the renewing of
your mind, so that ye may prove what is
the good and acceptable and perfect will of God."
'l'he soul that is poured into some mold of petty self-importance or of other people's opinions or
unwise habit is conformed and needs to be transformed into the self of truth where, unwarped,
the mind may by insight see what is the good and
find that its own will is the will of the Highest.
What a blessed thing it is when there is no
need of that transforming, but when the soul is
kept from babyhood simple and loving and hence
truly spontaneous in its activity. Much of the
best thought of the past century has been given
to the problem of securing for childhood this
balance of harmony. The old ideal was one of repression, an obedience in which conformity to in- ·
numerable prohibitions was the chief virtue.
A later ideal-especially in America-was of
freedom and has resulted too generally in a lawless autocracy of childhood which was not freedom at all, . but the saddest sort of tyranny in
which the child became slave to his own petty
willfulness.
The true aim should be freedom, but freedom
held sacredly for the activities of the true sellthe activities which proceed from and make for
life ,llnd love.
• • •
"The nations of the world are vieing with each other
in the conquest of the air, not for the advancement of
civilization, not for the acquiring of knowledge, not to
lessen the load of the worker, not for' the betterment
of mankind; but for the sake of war. Invention pays
best, today, if there is in the new idea a possib11Ity for
slaughter. In the meantime, hundreds are killed while
searching for the mea.n s that will make killing easier."
�T h \e West e r n C om r a de ~
.
104
['BffinS:u~
~
.
By EMANUEL JULIUS
THE ART OF UNDERSTANDING
Shavianism, addressing a letter to those who attend~
To misunderstand one another is tragic comedy; it
his "John Bull's Other Island" at London and asking
is often the basis . of our humor and pathos. A ·person
them to smile instead of laugh. Handclapping should
speaks, striving to express his feelings. To him, a word
be reserved until the close of the play, says the Irish
Socialist. Mr. Shaw asks: "Would ·you dream of
means a certain thing. To his hearer, the· word shades
off into another meaning. A misunderstanding follows,
stopping the performance of any piece of music to
applaud every bar that happened to please you? And
and two persons are hopelessly estranged.
do you know that an act of a play is intended, just like
, One phase of life misunderstands another, failing to
comprehend the significance, the meaning, the place of
a piece of music, to be heard without interruption from
things. FI"ictlon sets in, unity is lost and chaos reigns.
beginning to end?" All of which gives the newspaper
paragrapher an opportunity to talk about Shaw's
One trade misunderstands the other, just as one mind
fails to comprehend the other.
sparkling charming originality, and
Yes, and even one art often thinks
repeat the time-worn statement that
itself the wi.Jole, forgetting that it is
"Shaw is a paradox," or accuse him of
but a part. 1t derides, scorns and
striving for publicity. I don't think
Shaw is so very original in his
sneers at what it thinks is a lesser
request that laughter be eliminated. ....
or a useless art. ,i
A machine performs its full funcBaudelaire, a halt century ago, said ·
tion only when all its parts work as
he despised laughter, branding it as
parts. Were one cog to misunderinfernal and sinister.
s tand the importance of its neighbor
"i'
"i'
"i'
THE RENAISSANCE
there follows great loss to the whole
machine. ls it not the same in the
In the April number of The Atmaci.Jine of life?
lantic Monthly, Robert Shafer's arThe poet does not understand the
ticle on the two newest poets, John
naturalist. He cannot understand
Masefield and Wilfrid Wilson Gibson,
why a person should desire to measopens with the observation that decaure a sunrise, time an eclipse, or
dence in poetry is once· more dead
study the structure of a beautiful
and buried. This means that the
rose. He sees the beauty of things,
spirit of Socialism has rescued poetry
and Is indifferent to their mechanism.
and given it a new lease on life. SoTo him, nature is a beautiful vision,
cialism is entering every phase of life
not a smelly laboratory. So, William
.and its influence is for the best-for
Wordsworth writes of the natural
a better world, a more beautiful life
philosopher, calling him
and a fuller appreciation of the human
"a fingering slave,
family. Socialism bas brought · a
One that would peep and botanize
renaissance.
Upon his mother's grave."
Mr. Shafer quote.s a haunting poem
And the natural philosopher gazes
by Mr. Gibson, adding that thi..: workGeorge Bernard Shaw
on the dreamy-eyed poet and wonders
ing-class poet possesses a sensitive
what It is all about. He often thinks
social conscience and perceives that if
that man should study nature and never bother about
his art is "ever to be real it must concern itself dirhapsodizing over it. Nature to him is a concrete,
rectly with life." The poem:
definite thing. So, he says the poet is
Snug in my easy chair,
1 stirred the fire to flame.
"A man of trifling breath,
Fantastically fair,
One that would flute and sonneteer
The flickering fancies came,
About his sweetheart's death."
Born of heart's desire :
And so, we forget that each is good, each necessary,
Amber woodland streaming;
each a part of the whole. If they were to understand
Topaz islands dreaming,
each other, would they_ sneer? Would the poet sing
Sunset
cities gleaming,
the praises of his patient brother? Would they be comSpire on burning spire; ·
rades? Would there be unity if they but possessed the
Ruddy-windowed taverns;
art of understanding?
Sunshine-spilling wines;
Crystal-lighted caverns
Of Golconda's mines;
SHAW AGAIN
Summers, unreturning;
The best way to begin this paragraph is by referring
Passion's crater yearning;
to George . Bernard Shaw as the "inimitable Shaw," for
Troy, the ever-burning;
that appears to be the custom. Well, Mr.-or rather,
Shelley's lustra.! pyre;
the Inimitable-Shaw has delivered himself of another
Dragon-eyes, unsleeping;
�The Western ComraStle
Old Repley's Kid
~IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!!"'!!~ELL;
as near as I can reckon," Said
Repley, " it was in the fall of '89 that
all finished up the troublesome
1 we
Apaches, and put an end to their devilment. If I'm mistaken in the date I'll
warrant it won't be far off."
Repley sat in bis accustomed seat
in front of the barroom, in the cool of
•
a summer evening, his chair tilted back
·
and Nig, his favorite pog, quietly dosing
a==o;:;;:;;;;;;;iiiiiiiOiiOI near. The old Arizonian was at peace
and contentment with all th e world. Repley was reminiscent that evening and had been recalling stirring
times on th e border.
H e was a native of the South, an ardent lover of all
it s traditions and romances. He referred to it on all
occasions when comparisons were made with other port ions of th e country; but he bad followed the frontier
until be had lost the characteristic twang of that sunny
clim e, and now called himself a Westerner, with all
the name implied.
He squar ed himself for a long story and with a long
pull at his pipe began:
"If I recollect In particular, it was Lute Davts who
first brought the word that the Apaches, from the reservation at San Carlos, about twenty miles below, had
broke loose and were on a big raid, and had killed
an old man and his daughter, at a point on the old
Indian trail near Guthrie, quite a ways up the river
from here.
"You know a few years before we always had a
bunch of them soldiers hereabouts, but Uncle Samuel
t hought that because the redskins had been quiet and
orderly-like for a long spell past, there was no particular danger in them a-wanderin' off of the reservation;
so he took the army boys over to Fort Grant across
the Graham Mountains. For this reason we couldn't
get no soldiers at this time.
."Well. in less time than I can tell you, me and Lute
Davis, John and Jim Parks, Ed Livingston, Crook-neck
Thompson, Bill Perry, Judge Hyatt and Archie Brookmiller, old man Solomon, Jake Thorne, Sid Green and
a ~ang of cowpunchers from the Double Circle got our
bosses and shootin' Irons ready and was after them
red skins to a fare-u-well. Our bronchos was a-feelln'
fine and we certainly did cut the dust some.
"We rode all that night, and early next morning took
up with the Indians' trail near Coronado, where it struck
straight into the mountains. We got a little feed and
drink for ourselves and got fresh bosses in the corral
at old Sam 's place. He told us to be keerful as there
was about fifty savages in the raid.
"The news of the Indian uprisin' traveled powerful
' W
-.
Witches' caldrons leaping;
Golden galleys sweeping
Out from sea-walled Tyre:
Fancies, fugitive and fair,
Flashed with singing through the air;
Till, dazzled by the dro~sy glare,
I shut my eyes to heat and light,
And saw, in sudden night,
Crouched in the dripping ds.J;k,
With steaming shoulders stark,
The man who hews the coal to feed my fire.
.
105
By
CLAUD ELLIS SHECKLES
fast, I tell you, and by the time we left Coronado there
was some twenty-five of we cowpunchers in the party, a
few havfng joined us from Cllfton. Most everybody on
the Upper Gila know.ed that the savages were out on
the warpath.
"We headed due south right into the heart of them
mountains over yonder. If the Indians had searched all
over Arizona . they couldn't have found a wilder place
to make their· get-away,
"Their trail led up past an old !lbandoned mine that
was supposed to haye been worked a couple of hundred
of years ago by the early Spaniards, who came to this
country to look for gold. It is likely them Spaniards
was · run out or killed by the murderous Apaches who
infested the country at that time. At least that is what
has been handed down to us .
"May be some of the forefathers of the savage gang
that we were after had a hand in massacreing the early
Spanish miners .at these old ruins, and now as these
Apaches, the ones we were after, were passing \Jy,
probably the spirits of some of those old red devils,
who were killed in this ancient battle, and are now
wandering around in the happy hunting grounds, kept
egging this younger generation on tb-.Jreep up their
devilish work.
"Judging from the old tumbled-down 'dobes, scattered around the deserted camp must have been a powerful busy 'diggin's In them days. It's almost all
worked out now. Once in a while, during the rainy season, a few Mexicans go up there and pan out enough
gold dust for a small grub stake.
"From this place the trail led up the canyon past the
Cliff-dwellers' long-deserted homes.
These Cliffdwellers' caves are certainly interesting. How them
natives dug their homes in the face of them perpendicfllar cliffs will always remain a mystery. The Cliffdwellers must hltVe been considerably like monkeys,
and could climb mighty well. The only way they could
have possibly reached their homes must have been by
rope. You couldn't make a ladder long enough these
days to get into one of them.
"Me and Ed Livingston, a few years ago, explored
one of the Cliff-dwellers' cavee;. It took us nigh onto
two whole days to make it. By good luck we managed
to get into one of the largest of the caves. It looked
just as It had been left ages ago, only the fioor of the
cave was covered with the dust of centuries. In one
corner we found the ashes of the fire the cliff dwellers
had used. The ends of the mesquite sticks looked as
though they had been put there but yesterday. Near the
ashes broken pottery and cooking utensils were scattered about, showing that the natives bad made their
escape in a hurry. .In a room adjoining we found a
skeleton, a portion of which crumbled away at our
touch. By the shape of the skull one could plainly see
that them Cliff-dwellers were not of a high order of
intellect. At the feet of one of the skeletons was a pair
of bear-grass sandals that showed plenty of wear ; but
the weaving of the bear-grass was certainly a fine job.
Scattered about the room were pieces of bear-grass
ornaments showing that the women folks of the tribe
were handy at weavipg. From what little that was left
In the cave it was hard to get much of an idea of the
. every-day life of the Cliff-dwellers.
"One of the things that struck us· most was the painting on the pottery and on the walls of the cave. There
�106
The Western C11mr .a de
it had stood the wear of the elements for a cOuple of
thousand years, I guess, and was just as fresh as the
day it was put there. We found corn cobs, but where
· they came from no one can tell. They couldn't raise
an ear of corn in forty miles of the Clllf-dwellers' habitations.
"Just what killed off these Cliff-dwellers will never
be found out, I'll warrant. Whoever it was that exterminated them didn't mean to leave anything behind
that was valuable. Their pottery was broken into fragments and scattered about. At the foot of the cliff we
found many pieces of beautiful handiwork.
"I have often asked the Indians living around here
if they knowed anything about the j:J.Istory of the vanquished race, but they know nothing. As far back as
the redsklns' traditions go, and that'~ ~ tolerable long
ways back, the Cliff-dwellers' home's have been as we
see them now. But I am wandering:_! was telling about
that Indian uprisin'.
"About four o'clock in the afternoon of the next day
we caught up to the last camp of the Indians, where
they bad left their camp-fires burning, and we knowed
that we were near them. We then picketed our bronchos, knowing that we could do nothing more · ti:J.at
evening, and cooked our supper, meanin' to start before
daybreak the next morning. We were out In our saddles just as the first gray streaks began to show over
the distant hills. Riding was hard in the footbl\ls and
the path, an old cattle trail, was bad to follow. You
know them mountains out there are covered with
mesq uite and cactus, and it's really worth one's life to
ride fast over that kind of a country.
"Lute Davis and me and the two Parks boys rode a
little In the lead of the bunch, and it was near onto
five o'clock in the afternoon when, lo and behold, in a
little flat down the canyon we spied the redskins eatin'
their supper!
"They had no Idea that they was bein' followed, as
they had picked out a mighty hard place to get into.
For that reason they felt perfectly secure. But you
know we fellows out here get mighty handy at fiJl\owing
trails ourselves.
"No sooner had they seen us than the fun began.
You ought to have seen them Indians throwing their
blankets and other traps away and make for their
bronchos ! They had no time to save anything. We
never did get nearer than a half m1Je of them savages,
but we pumped lead Into them faster than I can say it.
The short range guns of them days didn't do much good
, and J don't think we hit any of them very bad, but we
scared them a-plenty. On some of the horses there
were two of the Indians, as some of them didn't take
time to get their own ponies. The way they made them
bronchos fly was fierce.
"I was more than making good headway in the
running fight and was about to overtake a young squaw
who had a little papoose fastened to her back. In order to lighten her load, so her pony could run faster,
she deliberately th_rowed the papoose, together with
the basket, away from her and away she went as fast
as the broncho could carry her, never looking back to
see what had become of the kid.
''I had little time to think, but as I dashed along as
fast as the wind, I reached over, grabbed the papoose
basket and throwed it over the horn of my saddle,
never stopping for a second, and more than kept them
redskins on the hump. They wasn't loaded down like
we were and could go faster. The squaws have a way
of fastening their kids in them baskets so that you
couldn't loosen them with dynamite, so I wasn't afraid
of the kid a-fallin' out, while I was on the run.
"We never did catch up with them redskins. Night
coming on, they got lost from us in the chapparal and
mesquite brush and we had to give up the chase, as we·
were near the border .of Me:tico, and the Indians were '
">ure to cross into the land of the manana in the morning, where we could not follow.
,.. · "That's the last we ever seen of them Indians, and
they -have never le~ the reservation si.n ce them days.
That scare we cowpunchers gave them was enough.
They are tame Indians now-because they've got to be.
Of course, every once in a while one of them gets loaded
up on stolen whiskey and raises some fun, but he is
immediately called in, and he certainly knows what's
best for him.
"We rode into Lordsburg the next morning and had
breakfast and fed our live stock. I turned the kid over
to an old Mexican woman to take care of while we all
had a sleep. The kid was a-cryin' right smart. He was
hungry. The old ·women gave him something to eat
and cleaned him up a bit and in a little while he was
0 K. The old women begged mighty hard for the kid,
but I had made up my mind to take him home with me.
"After a day or two of rest we an left Lordsburg
for home. The kid soon forgot how his · mother had
throwed him away-he was little more than· a year old,
I reckon-and by giving him a little m11k now and then
from a bottle the Mexican woman had given me, he
didn't make much complaint. Indian kids don't cry
much. He stood the ride, nearly fifty miles, in his little
papoose basket, attached to the horn of my saddle, an
right, and when we got home he seemed as happy as
any ot us.
"Of course the news got quickly around about my
Indian kid and the women folks and men folks joshed
me considerable. I hired a Mexican gal to take care of
the kid and I resolved to raise him and send him to
school and make a man out of him.
"I. have kept my promise. He is a man now, but
don't amount to much. I have some consolation In the
fact, however, that I tried to do my best by him, and
maybe he will always retain a kindly feelin' for me for
picking him up that afternoon long years ago, after his
strange mother had throwed him away to starve and
become food for the coyotes."
Old Bill Repley was thoughtful a moment, but the
heavy tramp of feet in the barroom recaJled him from
his reverie and his reminiscence of Repley's kid was
soon forgotten in the convivial round of firewater.
The last time I saw Repley's kid he was living In
San Simon, where he had lived nearly all his life.
Standing to the rear of him was his squaw, a papoose
basket strung across her back, containing a pair of
black little eyes gazing out in wonderment-a miniature 1
of Repley's kid, when he was picked up on the plains
many years before. Repley's kid was Indifferent. The
Indian characteristic was strong within him. That element is seldom eradicated by contact for one generation
with the whites. Repley's Kid, as he has always been
caJled, is content with life. His learning 111 the white
man's school has changed him but little and he remains
an Indian-nothing more.
TODAY
"Rise! for the day is passing,
And you lie dreaming on;
The others have buckled their armor,
And forth to the fight are gone;
A place in the ranks awaits you,
E;ach man has some part to play:
The Past and the Future are nothing,
In the face· of stern Today."
�~
The Western Comrade
~
THE ACQUISITION
LEGAL MATTERS
He had read Socialism 1 because the Social Circle
had taken it up. The wealthy Mrs. Got-My-Rocks had
become a sort of second aunt to the cause, so he took
out a Red Card.
He was at once featured in the local. The wealthy
young Mr. S. Cranium was a valuable addition to the
party-;-indeed the whole multiplication table. They
couldn't roast the Socialists - as a bunch of ignorant
hobos any more.
He was placed on all the important committees.
His opinion was the Golden Text of the meetings. The
members hesitated to call him "comrade." It was too
presumptious fe:mlliarity for ordinary Socialists to
thus address one of his standing.
Old Comrade Fightingrebel became a bore. His
speeches were so rough, his tactics so extremely
radical.
The Jimmy Hlgglnses were a reproach io the party.
Their collars weren't tall or stiff enough, their clothes
creased by over-wear Instead of a tailor, their fingernails unmanicured.
The Sister Comrades were a common lot. They
couldn't talk bridge and lingerie. Their economics
smacked of the kitchen and shop. Their costumes did
violence to the fashion books.
'
The wealthy Mr. S. Cranium was IT. He was of
the set Kipling wrote of in "The Pioneer":
"Well I know who'll · take the credit,
All the clever chaps that followed;
Came a dozen men together,
Never knew my desert fears;
Tracked me by the camps I'd quitted,
Used the water holes I'd followed.
They'll-go back and do the talking;
They'll be called the pioneers."
"How does it happen," said the Lean Workman,
"that though I obey the laws I go about most of the
time halt-clothed and h"lt-fed ?"
.
"That," said the Puffy-Faced Person "is because of
?e Inevitable Law of SuJ?ply and ~nd." · .; . ' ,
·
"But the Supply which I produce is greater than the
Demand which I make on the Supply."
"Alas," said the Puffy Face, "you know nothing of
the Laws of Economics."
"Perhaps some of the Laws. of Economics will be
repealed,'' said the Lean Workman softly, "for if you
have observed, you will notice that I am beginning to
understand the Laws of Stomach and Fist."-The
Masses.
* * *
AT THE MINSTRELS
"Mr. Interlocutor, if a baby swallowed a key, what
would you call It?" ·
"I don't know, Mr. Bones. What would you ·call it?"
"A key In A minor."
"Mr. Baker will 1now oblige with a recitation entitled 'Ragtime'."
Rags make more paper.
Paper makes money.
Money makes banks.
Banks make loans.
Loans ·make poverty.
Poverty makes rags.
* * *
FAVORITE FICTION
"Old Chap, You Haven't Changed a Bit in Thirty
Years!"
"Dear M:aria: I Eagerly Seize the First Opportunity
to Write to You."
"Universally Pronounced by Press and Public to Be
the Greatest Play of Modern Times."
"Mr. Chairman, ··1 Rise with the Greatest Reluctance,
but-"
"I Don't Know Whether You Owe Us Anything or
Not, Mr. Smith, but I'll See."
"George, I Wouldn't Say a Word to Hurt Your Feelings for the World."
"I Admire Your Nerve!"
* * *
MODERNIZING SOLOMON
Editor-This stuff won't do for a "fi1ller."
New Assistant-It's good dope; some of Solomon's
proverbs.
'.
Editor-Bah! Nobody ever heard of him. Tell y.ou
what we can do, though. Head It "Business Epigrams
of Rockefeller,'' and we'll run it on the front page.
* * *
.
Kind Wife-John, dear what are you weeping about?
Husband-1-I just lo~ked through this auto supplles catalogue and find there are 2500 accessories our
car hasn't got.-Boston Transcript.
* * *
O'Rourke-Thera, you've gone an' sat down on your
new hat an' smashed ut.
·
O'l<'laherty-Falth, an' Ol'm glad my head wasn't
inside ut at the toime.
* * *
* * *
"What did the teacher preach about Suriday?"
"Thou shalt not steal."
"I'm getting tired of that kind of talk. What business has a preacher got mix!Bg In politics?"
* * *
"My friends,'' declared an orator during the conventlon...:_"My friends, I say to you that this great republic
of ours is standing on the brink of an abscess!"
"Don't you think It would be a good thing if our
legislators were limited to one term?"
"It would depend on where the term was to be
served."
"What are your views on the great publlc problems?"
"I haven't .. any views on public problems," replied the
man whose Interests are under Investigation. "I'm one
of them myself."
*
*
*
* * *
. Exploitation is the aviator that keeps high cost of
living. up.
�IO
SU .-,f S
EasfJy the p'eer o1! any $15i
Suft soTcl fill Los Angele8.
.
They are. not ma:d'e for one- For M .e n
time trade. On the contral!Y.
·- ,. •
It fg, ..on.c:& a eustomer,. a!ways a customer'' with us.
We ha-ve built up an enoTmous clotbfng bl!lsfness by
Uvfng up to our advertised statements. These.
suns are tailored from the best all-wool fabrics,·
are hands·o mely finished and are guaranteed to
fit and please. Come in and examine the. "Hunter
Flfteen"-note their genuine worth, their beautiful lines and the distinctive patterns.
Other and better Suits, $20, $25 and $30.
STRAW HATS We bave just put on display
a large line of Straw Hats
In all popular blocks, at prices ranging from $1.50
to $10.00.
}Ne also carry a full line of
Men's Fumlshlngs, _Including all Standard Brands
"Hurry to Hunter's"
$15
1
W. Hunter &Co.
525 So. Spring St.
Loa Angeles, Cal.
IT- ~~-B:~k~-iliaiAp~eal-~oth~-B~~~i~
E~~~-;:el
. .. -·
----·-·· ..
__ _
......
- --·
T
"
'""""
................................................,..,..,.,
...,..,.,.
.....
HE GOSPEL~F
SOCIALISM
T
............. . . . .
HE Religion of a
Socialist 1!11 "1111
-~~,..
By Stanley B. Wilson
By R. A. Maynard
A book that makes you look into your real
''The great message of modern evolutionary
science to hlllD,anity jg that man is a part of
nature," declares the author in this remarkable little book. It is a stirring, inspiring
message that is told between the covers of
this messenger of intellectual helpfulness
and satisfaction.
being and find yourself-<me of those books
that nre filled with thoughts worth thinking
nnd reading. nere 's a little sentence from
the book: "To the Socialist the test of
righteousnes!'l is not personal piety, but social harmony.';
•
. . ........... ............ .
.
~-
These two 32-page booklets will set yoll right
on a lot of points.
\
You get them for a dime each-just a 10-cent piece slipped into a letter
The Citizen Print Sht>p~
Los .Angeles, Cal
203 New High Street
P. 0. Box 203
�
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Newspaper
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1913-06
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1913-06
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Text
Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n03_191306
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2018-07-18
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n03
Extent
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36 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/cad9f8e54079d25bb7ab1bd9dd51ad18.pdf
25d23962388e264f3b2c2552d33a385f
PDF Text
Text
'T EN
,.
-- ~
~ I ·~
h .. INC>
. l"'i THIS NL' '-1HE R
C0!'-1E T.RUE
.,... -.
B~ .Job Harrlm~n
•'~ DREA~1S
THI:. STAH OJ- UESTINY
By Stanl~y B . '-'Vflson
.
'
�T be · Western ·com r a de. .
A Chat About The ·Jun'e Numb
F.l~-ll!lft LL
along the Bigre" Editor has _b een conatimed with an iiiordinate· ·passi9n for ....;,....,.......c
great, big. pictures that burn with life and fire. ·The Biggest Editor brings hiS flat
hard on the desk and cries for pictures. :Meanwhile·the Little8t Editor hurlches
up ~ his chair in the corner and squints an eye and draws one conier. of hia mouth
a funny smile and lets it be knoWn that in his ·opinion ftCtion is about the most ultiml1.t
thing that he kD.ows of as a means of gettiDg folks to understand what you want
to understand.
·. .
The Next-to-ihe-Biggest Editor and the Next-to-the-LittJest Editor have ideas
oth~r things that go toward the making of a ·Jll&g&zine for . Soci&lists, but those are not concerned
· this little account. .
·
~
· · · .
··
·
The Biggest Editor ~·t to be found anywher! for several days. Th~ Littlest Editor ·and
Next-to-the-Littlest Ed,itor a.:nd the Next-to-the-Biggest Editor couldn't understand it. But alrthe -"'~:•e
they knew that the Biggest· Editor would come back 1with &perfectly good account of himself. And
didl
.
.
He came back with &Big Idea I Hia Big Ide& will stare at you from: the front cover of The
Co:mr&de for June and from several numbe~ after that 1. Beginnin.g with .Anna Maley, ~e big SSD4~ialWI~
of the country will be presented to you IN COLORS on.ihe first cover of The Western ~el ·
will want to save th~e covers I They will be done by Artist Rob Wagner and that means that
will be done as they should be done:--and as only Wagner can do them!
Of course this doesn ;t mean that the ~ttlest Editor doesn't win with his argument for nc1~lOit-:r"..
·(
he does. The June number of The Western Comrade will contain two be&utifW, fiction stories, ........_ .....,
ful, worth..while stories.
·
·
·
And the Next-to-the-Biggest Editor promises you that there will be for you such &propaganda story'
as you have seldom had.the pleasure to read while the Next..to.the-Littlest editor has a.rraDged ~or. two
articles of the fact-and-fight- 'em kind-a re~ar bristling p&ir of them.
........_
[;
But there is little need now to promise more for the June number. You know what it will be., BETTER than anything that has gone before it.- And another reason is that all th~ editors want to say
something else. The pra.ise for The Western Comrade, the kindly, heartfelt suggestions for betterment, 1
the deep interest, the rallying arouna the spirit of the new magazine-all of these sentiments ·have fairly .'
overwhelmed all of the editors, from the Biggest to the Littlest. And all of the editors want to answer \
i.n of these Comrades, not simply with a "t}l&nk you," but with what means more than that-the prom- \
ise to strive harder in the future to give~ you each month &magazine that shall have the spirit that
~
born in The Western Comrade, a m&gaziiJ.e that will burn with .the living fire of the social revolution- ;
the magazine that YOU WANT I · "- - ...; •
,
. In your sincerity of praise you exhausted the entire edition of the 1lrst number of the magazine
within o weeks &fte it left the press. To prevent that f'rom happening ag:ain this edition\ will be
run to twice .the number of the first edj.tion. For your well' wishes all of tbe editors thank you and
conftden.tly expect to give you eac! mo:D.th a better magi.zine than you had the month before I
· You. have told · US that The Western ·co:mr&de has "made good." It will be m&de better-and
m&:elY 1p a precaution let it be whispered to y u that prudence demands that you
YO!U" order for
YO~ :Western Coinr&de before the supply
again exhausted-that may mean TODAY I BE SAFZ I
was
place
The Western Comrade
·~ ·
Vol. ;t,
May, 1913.
Published Monthly by
The·Citizen Publishing C9.
203 New High Street, P .' 0 .' Box 135
.
Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
. ..r
No.2.
EDITO~~
~
tanley B. Wilson
Chester~ M. Wt
ight
-'
.
Associate Editors
Eleanor Wentworth
Emanuel Julius
Mila Tupper Maynard
Rob Wagner
Fred C. Wheeler
Editorial Writer-J!.. A. Maynard
�-
The Western Comrade
I
J
'-
I stood on a -busy street corne1· at dusk. From a lit~Ie niche in a
·shadowed wall I watched the throng rusp by. And as they passed I-saw mirrored in their dress and in their faces and in their· manner
the whole complex civilization of to_d ay!
For they went in many ways, these people of the throng. T-here
passed the people.<~f toil. Toward the places where rents are cheap
they gu ided }heir feet. Toward the plac~s where shop windows are
small they turned t heir faces.
Meii shod in heavy, brick-hued brogall'S, clad in torn and slouchy
cloth ing dragged their wea-ry way by my little niche. I saw, but I ·
was unseen!
Women and girls with faces whited by long hours of work ·in
\'i tiated air away from the s u~1Ii gh t passed a~ I stood sentinel. Their
c-lothes helped in th e betrayal of their posi tion. Sometin1es of faded
hue, sometimes torn. sometimes severely neat, yet lacking that note of .
ex u.Itant' style, they marked ti1eir wearers !
There were li ttle children •without stockings and without shoes.
Their fac es told of sulJnormal lives-of dark hom es and of work beyond theit' years.
'J'h ese .peo]J1e' streamed o n and on and on. _To see their fao~s
\Yas to pictu re 1he places from whence th_e y came and to · when ce
1>il..eY went.
And then there we re the others! Not so man)' of them ! 'fh!lre
were j ewels on their hands an<!._ on tlH~it· c loth-ing. Beautiful jewels.
Their faces _to)d likew ise of the ho mes to whi ch th ey would go. Not- ·
all were beau tiful, not a ll possess; d glow of health and happiness ..
nut a ll possessed mark of' mon ey!
Sometimes th ese peo ple \\'alked. Sometimes they rod e. Their
self-d rive n car r iages were beautiful to behold . From my little niche
I marveled a t the ir grace and beauty and power!
/
Everythi ng of life \\·as there! \ Those who toi l a nd those for whom
t hey toil. Down two wide ly sepa rated walk~
life th ey we nt; side
by side, but oh, so far 7l);t:r--! ·
·
Some owned and som.e b~ge
Some toi led and some reaped t he
fru its of toil. though ·th ey' foT!ed not. They typified labor and capital!
Two classes! l'ioth ing in cojnmon!
Th ers.. in t hat moving stream was the life of the wor ld- a ll of it; -...
its hopes. it s amb itions; its agon ies. its despairs~th e class s truggle !
And on the motTO\\· -. the sun will ci><e, I thought as I gazed, dimeyed. thoughtful, froni my darken ed niche. And it will he the s un of
~. ne \V day for the world .
..In that day t he paths will not di\·ide;• • The line between capital
and labor wi ll be gone! All wi ll b Jabot:: happy labor, labor for the
lo\·e of labor and t he fru its of labor i ·exchange fo r Jabot·. _.Just that!
And all of that! And as I t hought of he su nri ~e to com e the passing
T 1e n I ·smiled!
of
-·
�40
The Western Comrade
-
Blossoms., Birds .and Babies
By R. A. MAYNARD
l
·
rr===~~ T
is good to be alive these April mornings. The early sunrise hour
brings air as sweet as nectar and sunshine more warm and . glowing
than ever poet ot· artist conceived. Green aqd gold-green ..and gold
carpet the earth here · in California, in valley, on · plain and on hilitop.
'Tis nature's resurrection season.
Orchard and garden, porch, trellis and arbor are a blaze of color,
growing aud deepening from day to day. Pinks, reds, whites, crimsons
and l.llues.-run riot '-everywhere. 'Tis nature's resurrection season.
- "fhen, too, there is the \vorld· of animate nature. For dweller in
city home as . well as in rural abode, nature's chattering songsters exist.
Each morning \Vith the sun's appearance, a 1robin on a near-by tree
tills my ear with stirring music. Under the spell ·of his song one can almost forget the
weight of years and. the "silver threads among the gold" and once again feel as w-h~n
!Jope were young and life was new.
Then . too, there is the little twittering, chattering, saucy, fea,thered urchin- the
linnet. In turn sinner and saint, there is no more !ascinating bir·d for careful studY,
nor no more exasperating visitor to garden or grounds.
Another feathery rascal is he o~ the first gray streaks of the morning dawn and of the
afterglow- the mocking bird . Impertinent, mischievous, willful rascal ever with an
air of conscious ~ up eriorit y he disdains your presence.
And last but by no means least is that joyous singer of the early morning, the
sunset and the cloudy day• "Sounds of vernal showers on the twinkling grass;
Rain awakened flowers, all that ever was
Joyout!),.clear and fresh, thy music doth surpass."
Rippling mus ic, gurgling, liquid melody; bubbling, gushing, pouring forth her very
life in song, this queen of birds, the meadow lark, singing on highest wing and building
on the ground her lowly nest.
-:·
·
'Tis well to open the shutters · of the night to the el!Tly sunlight and throw wide
tl.t,e windows to the outburst of melody from the morning songsters and unstop the
vision to behold the wealth of color spread in blossom and in flower.
For these are but symbolic of that other unclosing of the soul that it too may·
receive s urfeit of these manifestations of the One LifE\ behind all life.
/
Sunshine, color, blossom, song of bird, what after all are these heralds of the Springtime':' divinely fair and beautiful though they be compa"fed with that pther ri-cher, completer, div.iner expression of the Infinite Life, the joyous, happy children, singing,
laughing, tripping everywhere? At the home, on 'tht'! street, the play'grou nd , the common or in the park, go where one may, their pre§ence still persists. those blessed
babies, God's best and dearest gift to man. Tiny hum ns they are, yet through them
and the care and love for them was humanity made human.
"For what are all our coritrivings,
Anct the wisdom of ou r books,
When compared with .your caresses
And the gladness•of your looks?
I
l'e are better than all the ballads
That ever were sung or said·
I
For ye are the living poems.
And all the rest are dead."
God pity nJan or woman whose heart does riot soften ·o eye brighten at the · mere
sight of one of these. human flowers. God pity the world 'i en "for the chi ld's sake"
·shall no lo.nger tug at the heartstrings of lhe individual and o
ive man.
And yet-an d yet-yes, yes, I know what you wou ld say-those other babies-they
of the great city slums and tenements. Babies bprn to poverty,. squalor, wretchedness.
But this-this is of the dawn, of sunrise, sunshine. springtime, color, light, blossoms,
joy and spng.
·
·
_ Perbaps-!1-nother time of the shado"· -of those other babies!
,
\
�Th e We s tern C o m r a de
e Henri ot the City
S:y EILEA. O R WENi"VWO En
r:=~~~~
J
•
'F. wa:s IHael!: night.
Tl're man am.d the woman stood!
Olll
'L'bey were IoveD"S and sought to
g)
the edge o.f the city. llatiing it,
where they mig;IJJt keep tllei'l:
rove always.
They saw the lights gfeamfng m the darknes and thought them
i!lem.o:ns htlinting for pl!'ey. They heard the mills of Ute Opp.res ors
grinding lin the d'epths of the city and! thought them relentless tor-turers, makmg night hideous with their gloating. They heard Vice
stealing tbro gb the streets, Vice born of the weariness or human
bodies and tbe numbness of human souls, and they cried!:
"We cannot work here--there is only slavery. We cannot lQY&
bere-tlilere is only brutality. We cannot think here, there is such a turmoil. Let us
Jeal'e the haunts of men. Let us be alone!"
So they fled swiftly a~d far to that Isle of Happiness which wealth can buy.
It Is a truly wondrous Isle: an emerald poised airily between the ~eep blue of a
river and the deeper blue of the sky; a living, vibrating orche tra of tinkling rintl ts.
warbling songsters, and gentle, murmuring breezes; a wonderland of riotous col01·; the
!lite of marvelous temples.
Here the lovers clasped hands and exclaimed ecstatically, "Ah, in this place Love
wlll be with us always. The sunshine, the freedom will make him grow stronger ea ch
day. We will shut out· all strangers. so that none may t a ke him from us."
One thing they found in their fairyland that was more than wonderful ; it was
strange-even terrifying. From the center of the fores t that covered t he isla nd tiler
rose a monstrous structure, larger t han any their imagina..tion had ever conceived. It
was lmilt or a whi te ma r ble that wa s da zzling to behold. Above the columns of its
entrance. In Roma n script, was the word PLENTY. But from the tOJ:> of the rounded
colonnade to the root or the square base its wh iteness was marre d by s pots of red.
These s pote were not m erely on the surface. They we re grouud into the ma r ble; they
were a part of it, a s th e woof and warp of a fa bri c. The red was t he life blood or
Labor which bad r eare d that monument of PLE NTY.
The Island was neve r wholly free from the shadow of this temple. Wile n the s un
rose In the morning the da rk, siniste r finger began its .progress towa rd the north west,
growing longer a s th e hours advance d; and after the sun had passed t he m eridian, th a t
fin ger journeyed slowly a nd s ilently toward the· southea s t. La ter came the s unset.
transforming the dome of th e t e mple into a mass of r ed- r ed blood. And las t or all,
. like a cloak hiding both th e good and the evil, th e beautiful a nd the fearful. like t he
shadow g rown all -embracing ca me the fathoml ess twilight .
·fh ere was some thing we ird about that shadow. The woma n a nd th e man al ways
remaine d beyond its reach, traveling from beach to bea ch to avoid it. They were
1\frnld of lt . They could not understand it.
No one came to the isle. Tbey were e ntirely alone a nd , while th e s un shone,
bell vcd the mselves happy. Tiley warbled and laughed a nd chatted, ·mlmlck <I t he
songs of th e birds, discovered odd nooks, and r evelled in t he fl owers·. Rut a l wa ys they
rema ined warily out of the reach of tbe shadow.
Soon, bow ever, there came a time whe n the songs of the birds -echoed hollowly,
wh ~ t he per fume of t he e xotic fl owers nauseated t hem, and the winds whispered
tale~f loneliness. The ha ndclas p lost its spontaneity. Each, wandered a lone, seek ing
new t hings tha t could no longer be found. The harmony of color a nd lone waR spiritless. The wei rdness of the shadow ha unted them more and more.
And Love. fear ing the shadow, went away.·
IT.
Again it was black night.
The man and the woman stood on the
~II
e;'.
•
edg~y:he
city.
hel;itating, y et longing to
I
l'hey were seeking their lost love.
Bre:athlcs ly they listened to the tumultous b
· g of thE' heart .of tbe city- and
'll:nderstood that whi'Cil they had failed to grasp before.
!Using noisUy, inexorably as tihe cloud fog, they saw Brotherhood anrl KnowiE'.dge,
.a nd -as tJhey rose, Ignorance 1l!nd Vice became impotent.
Above t:he mig~llty whirring <o'f the wheels in tibe mms ~bey heard a Bouud t~at
swelled <even as the wheels grouill<d illaster_ "Su'lillariil.Y, :so'lid.arity, so:!Jl-da~Ity," eame the
lrles age, !(l)Uder, sweeter, cleaiFer. "'H6lllT, ibe~. we bear_" was lfhe a!UB:I'I'er of tale
ttoiGers. "ii'Woodom, fuleedom," sang tih-e wheeils.. "v,i7e .uom:e," :amswered tlhe eclw..
"Aib, ~s, ·W<:l oome... rcriied ltibe man and the woma'll.. They wallked iDto the <Oit!Y,
~-o\~sty eager 'ltro shM'e iin the I()I1eaJtion rof lha>pp1ness.
A'Il'd Lo,•e wa~likC'd iin ibeslde them.
�..,.,-·
The Western Comrade
By
STANLEY B.
WILSON
"Oakland ain't ter bl ame. Ranges
ean't he)JJ what herd's on 'ern."
He !Jailed fro:n Oak laud, Cal.
How <'reditaiJie h i s r esiden c·e in· a
c·otHIIl tJIIity was c·oinputed, Fa<.:ts
·, ll us nagt•ly stated .
Fac·Js 1•:as not vo l uble. !Jut his
Jac·k of ,·o Ju!Jility was made up !Jy
the• l'i·r i I i r y of II is remarks .
.Oak<',\'. whose• vo l ubi l ity was the
t·llief iu.-iraut of F ac·u;' rPrnarks.
had aHotlu•r name whe11 he arrh·ed
in til<' lltic·e•- rnac-ks --t he kind thPY
writ•• on •·n l't>IOJJPS and l e~ga l doC'u IJl l'IJ 1s IIlii t l1<• (l !Joys g-en erall y
s11 ppli e•d tl l<•i I' own n ame~ fo r i n d il idu als, an d 111111 I liP liSllal (·onlrad ic- 1ion of Slia k l's pea r es. said
nauws ha d nll l<'li IIIP:t llin g in the m .
..;.,: :
A lo ng l ilt• IIOr dl •r til l' !'attiP
r liKIIPr s ll'e• l'l' li ti S,\' , with a ho ld nPsH t ltat was· as exaspPrat in g as
it
\\'fl:-i
l'X Jti 'II S i \'l!,
" To !;'<'I aw a y w ith a st unt lik ~
t ha t h; "'" "~ ·.,n w ha t. t lwy get
ftll'a .1· w lll t," was l•'ads' wa y o r
Jlllttin g' it. a nd a ll agrl •E'fl.
Th P ru s tl t• t·s we r p not as nu n tPr o tt s US lli t' i r Sli('C 'eSs IVOttld intli !'at f', fo r w as n ot lca <'l s 1he r e
ug-a in w lw n It t• r C' m a rkE'd : " A wi sE'
c·o.1·ou.. tl ops llp t tP r w hen Ii i? pla ys
it sol'taitT ...
l\Tont fut o was a coyo te.
H e lin•d o n t li e lllex i can sid e of
th e linP, a nd so su <:cess ful wer e hi s
O JINII I i ons I hat t h e afo r em en tio ned
o nwl P a ho ut ex hau st ed a mon t h 's
>< P<'!'I'h to add :'\..;•Jf o ld M o nt. k ee ps t h i s lic k u p. " .,, ·1 1
hil l'(• to h il'l? 01~0 him to hav!' any eo w ~ t o Jntneh.."
*
~1
'llano. ii k e Cen C? ra l Sh ennan o n his farnuu~
march. kne w hi~ C'OHn try w ell. 1\ot a tra i l o r !'H'll
r alJh i t - run . was strange to h i th .
Anti. li k (' othNs of !'l'il d!'ed s. h e l ov ed dark n E's~.
\\' hill' o t he r~ w ere sleep iHg t he sleep of t he just.
and t irf'd. !ll o n tano w ould m ount his must a ng, sel ect
a seeltt<l ed t rail. a nd Jlro(·eerl t o r educe the t a x on tlw
ra n J?;e fpptJ of the QuE'e-maC'k s. and the n u mber of
bovill!' w ard s of the Q JHlnchers.
• *
It
was while workiilg this combination in the
ruJOtlers· art that Montano chose a trail t hat IE:'d to the
little nuok up on the si dE' of Peak Thr~e. \\·h erE' Oak ey
h ad a mystel'ious min e>, to which he had bePn direeted
by spirit hundt \'Olunteered by an Oakl and medium.
Oa k py was not !\t · home that night. H e was down
•
a t Ca mpo burden i ng a r espect ab le ~oa p hox wi t h l l!O
pound s of un der -cl ea n h umanity. and t h e ears of the
co rnPI' l oungen; with a med l ey of id eas t hat 1\·ou l d defy
t hE' l'l as~if i cation of t hP mo~t w i dely-i n formed. student
of sociol ogy. .
Oa k e~· had run t he who l e gamut. From the Quaker
raining of his boyhood to the latest phi losophical
a oma l y, consisting of lln acute a<lmixtun· cif I. \\'. \V.(T; a n d philosophica l anarchy. And . like'- .'s body.
J ·ey's mind stitl carried some of ea('h of l'lte various
re,
s through which he had passed-and was prone
to impart i i berally t o the senses of all who approached .
It was while sau n tering hy the little knot of l iHteners
on the street corner that i\l arshal Bill Hu'rke heard a
c:ouple of Mexican punchers from O\'er hy the \\'ells
u,;ing tht name "Montano." The alert marsh~! listened
" and lC?arned that one of the pair had seen the ('lusive
:\fontano cross the line and ent er the Peak Th ree traiL
*
Ahout midnight Oakey
*
wa~
\l·i_thin a
quart~>r
of a mile
�The Western Comra de
or his eabin when he was halted by the coin!Dtlnd,
"Hands up!"
Instantly his theories or rebellion against authority
took leave-of-absence, and his hands went up obediently
as t hose of a less pronounced individualist would have
done-and sil~ntly, too.
''Don't turn or move~"
A figure swung frow. the saddle on the trail behind
Oakey, and the pockets of the mineless mine magnate
were speedily explored.
A two-bit piece, a few dimes, several nickels aud a
tlollat· watch was the extent of the spook dupe's .pile,
1he money being the collec-tion for the soapb·ox oration
of the evening.
•
In disgust the ex plorer flung the lot in the trail.
swung bar·k into the saddle, and wn~eled hfs mustangha<·k down the trail.
:\lont.ano. for he it was who had so effecti\·eJy appropi iated the pi>t 1 heory of Oak ey that ''e1•ery man makes
his uwn law," made baf'k to where the Peak Three trail
nosses lli~ Trail, and turned along the graded road that
winds toward the uppE'r range lands.
*
fly that Jlf'(·uliar iutuition ·possessed by men of
rt-gions wherp the dm·e of peace is an uucertain bird,
~lontano he("ame f'Onsl"ious of danger.
He spurred his
tnustang into a run. and looseued his rifle from the side
of his sadd l e how.
1\larsha l llill Burke was on his trail.
llurk<· had the !Jes t hors(' in the hills. ·and Burke
IO.Il'W hO\\· to get the !Jest. out of him.
His combination
1 ii'IP and shotgu n in th e ("J'ook of his l eft arm, the offieer
g-a 1·o f'ha'<'.
Along thl~ winding mountain grade raced the two.
;\I on: 1han once the fleeln!-( rustler was an easy shot
. for the man of tlw law . hut it was written religiously
in llurkp'~ Jll' i'SOillll f'O<IC' of eth ic·s nel'er to shoot a
man in t h<~ had<. not p1·en a rustler and outlaw.
''I'm an ofli<"er of 1he Ia w- to preserve peace; not
a li<·enspcl man-killer," was Burke's explanation.
;\lontano wa" a <·oyote.
Hounding- one of lit<" turns of the grade. he plunged
hi ~ mustang down the side into the canyon, halting
under shelter of the scruh timber until Burke ·had gone
,,_,.. arid then haek-traeked down the eanyon trail, and
11·as soon safe in the. maze of hills and c·anyons.
)-Jalf a mile Burke had gone beyond Montano's pl acP
of departure from the grade before he became a ware
of the rustler's ruse.
I t did not take him long to
satisfy him,.elr that he was outwitted. He knew that
furUtc>r pursuit was useless. So he pulled his horsp
to a walk, roll ed a cigarette, and r9cle slowly back to
1h!.' Peak Three trail.
·
Noting from the hoof-marks that Montano had heen
up Oakey's way, Burke pulled into the narrow trail. •
In a few minutes he discovered · an object ahead
nf him. which proved to be Oakey, still with arm s aloft,
as ,though addressing in "movie" manner the peak loom ing into the moonlit sky.
''Talked out. but still willin'," muttered Burke. as
lw beheld 1 he silent figure.
''What's the matter, Oakey; moonstruck?" inquired
th<> marshal. his usual uood humor somewhat returned.
Oakey dropped his arms and crumpled to thE'
ground.
Burke got. down, lli<>ked up the wilted man, laid
him a<'ross his ~a ddle and started for the cabin up
the side of Peak Three.
* *
Hurk<:> l'etnained at the f'abin. rolling himself in a
blanket on the floor. At sun-up· he awakened, got to
bis feet. and seeing the ali-in appearance of his leeping b·ost. proceeded to get breakfast.
,
.
Oakey's larder wa not groaning with the weigl:lt
of plenty. A few ounces -of coffee and a hand-siile bit
of bacon was all Burke could find.
Not until be had S\\tanowed a couple of cups or
coffee did Oakey recover even a noticeable degt'ee of
,-olubility.
He explained hi silent posing of the night befot·e.
and for one of t he few times in his life while in the
presence of others, became dumb.
Burke himself had never been known to handle
many words that were not called for, but the sil nee
of the wilted Oakey eemed to excite his vocal organs.
"Oakey," he began. "this is the first time I'
seen
you when you wasn't as full of talk as a lame calf's
hide \Vith wood-ticks. An' seein' as how you seen
real broke to listenin' I think I'll spiel you a f w fo
a change. ,
"Right oft' the r eel I want to remark that them
><pooks what wised you to this here minin' layout is
the blimmest iot of minin' ex11erts that ev r del uded a
t enderfoot. · Tnere ain't no 11,10re gold in that min of
yours than there i s in a cow's ear, an' any spook what
says there ·i s, is either related to that feller An'nias
plumb ig'nant of th' minin' game.
"Th em ideas of yours is just as wrong in m!nln' as
in the big herd they call soc iety. Minln' has laws the
same as · folks must. have l aws to keep the h erd from
~nillin' an' stampedin'.
•·y·ou can't get gold out of the kind of rock you've
got out there in tha t hol e of yours any more than you
can get peaee an · prosperity an' a square deal out of
the kind of a mess you're tr·yin' to make or things
generallY .
"That there greaser. Montano, is a fine sample of
the brand of soda! stuff you'd bring to the top with the
kind of diggin' you're doin' with that tongue of yours.
:\'ot that Montano's suf'h a heap sight wuss than some
of t he critters they've got in the l ead of t he h erd at
'\'ashington an' on the Big Uusiness range. But Mon tano's got no li cense to em'late the exampl e of them
there soeial pirates ~-ou spiel about. Multi11lyln' cri me
don't. cu re crime nonesoever.
"Last time I was down to San Diego I heard one
of them there Soc' list fe llers doin' the soaphox turn.
He talked a pretty fair hrand of hoss sense. H e just
took the ol d government machine to pieces . anrl' showed
exnct l y where the rust an' cracks an' wrong gearin'
l ay. An' he didn 't stop with that. He set up another
mal'hine tl;at. to my way of thinkin' was what old Abe
Lin coln had i n mind when he said that folks come
ahead of spondullx an' he wanted :l government where
the big bunch was the whole ch eese.
" I don't know much about Soc'lism, ner this here
thing you call 'direct action,' but I can make a fair
guess wh ether a feller's talkin" from his think - tank or
ju"t through his sombrero.
"That Soe'list chap didn't push the herd down Into
the desert and leave it for the buzzards to hold a fiesta
over. He didn't adl'ise any fool stampedin' to gi ve the
<·op he:·ders an excu se to shoot 'em up.
"He showed how th e other outfit got con trol of the
range by usin' the ballot box an' gettin' tbe 'B. U.'
brand on all the implements an' weapons of govern ment. an' that's the deal the workin' outfit must pull
olf to clean the other crowd out of the good feedin'.
"Explosions can spoil a Jot of property, an' spill a
hE'ap of blood an· hrains, but they can 't get any good
�The Western Comrade
The Conquest of·
Em-anuel Julius
Prudery
By
is an animal; but he has been trying
to dodge tbe fact for the last two thousand years, and by so doing has got
himself into numerous and sundry dif\ T/
~
ficulties.
'b.~
Thb biggest single. fact of a ma11's
life IS sex. Male and female, so we were
"17Ji
created, or evolved, .or "arrived from
somewhere somehow and as male and
'
female we sijall lil"e, and grow, and reproduce, and die. We may like it or not,
but we are up against it and as individuals and ~ a
race we may just as well face the music.
Human customs and beliefs are not all right- in
fact, they are rarely free from the need of reformation- but they are usually based on some past experience of humanity that explains, if it does not excuse
them.
We have every reason to belie1•e that the sex relations of early man more t,:losely than now resembled
those of wild animals, which, whether monogamous or
polygamous, are at least fairly uniform and constant,
and suffice for the needs of the species. But when
man began, by the force of his mind, to change his life
habits, his inslincts failed to keep pace, and troubles
began to arise. A forest tribe could be almost wholly
devoid of what we call morality and survive, but with
the growth of the community, promiscuity became race
destructive. Not only were diseases so transmitted,
but the jealousies, the intrigues, the wars, the neglected
child -life made the survival of the species under such
conditions difficult, if not impossible.
From such experience, monogamy, or the permanent
mating of one man with one woman, came into vogue,
and the scheme of sexual morality, as we now know it,
was recognized as right and good. These morals, cusr==!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ AN
M
m
pasture for the hungry bunch to call their own, an'
th ey can't blow convictions into folks' cran'ums.
"Oakey, I s ure admire the way you've stuck to this
spook hole, but I feel delegated to make it plain that
the chap that digs for gold in th e kind of rock" you've
been wastin' powder on, is just as wise as the feller
what's tryin' to rectify things social by buttin' their
heads agin the cop's clubs and the cold cement of t he
drunks' corral.
"I don't hold nothin' agin you for ·all the skunk
cabbage bouquets you've been throwin' at yours truly
down on the street corner; but just the same, you want
to try to remember t hat even an officer of the several
kinds of a law you talk about is only human . An'
besides, he's got the drop on you.
"You're welcome· to keep on spielin' your dippy
dope hereabouts if you want to, an' you can k eep on
s hootin' powder into the bowels of old Peak Three. But
my advice is-don't!"
* • •
Marshal Bill Burke saddled his horse and headed
homeward.
• • •
Oakey took his advice to the extent of removing
one social · unit fi:om the Quee-macks.
toms. and beliefs evolved without anyone particularly
understanding why. They developed as did the dicta
for honesty and truthfulness because they gave the
best results.
But with the establishment of the general precepts
in favor of monogamy crept in also many notions that
are only incidentally related thereto. Woman as the
exclusive property of her spouse was secluded from the
Sight of other males. And as customs evolve one into another in most fantastic fashion, so the sexes, segregated
and clothed in mind and bod y, came to pride themselves upon their mutual or seeming ignorance of each
other, and, for that matter, of themselves.
Because sex functions overdone destroy the balance
of life and are an evil, there .grew the notion that the
whole of sex is evil. Out of this grew sex modesty
real and pseudo and the unrighteous belief that celibacy
was a sign of virtue.
But sex instinct can break more rules in ten minutes
than humanity can evolve in a century. Promiscuity
bas been checked but not controlled. Civilized man has
never been thoroughly monogamous, never free from
prostitution, sexual diseases and all those unwelcome
facts of perverted instinct that we have hidden under
a cloak of moral precept and actual ignorance.·
Girls have been honored for "innocence" which was
only ignorance; and a constant percentage, together
with a larger percentage of males, have ever falle n into
errors and excesses that wreck Jives and leave the race
unclean.
And now comes the Twentieth Century with its
scientific analysis of everything-and science simply
means definite, classified knowledge. We want to
know the best way to do things- we will listen to old
teachings, but we must reprove them by modern knowledge before reaccepting them.
We take nothing for granted. We ask why. We
look ahead. 'Ve see the hopelessness of each man
striving for his own immediate wants and killing the
chance of the other man, and of the future.
By such an age anrl ·such a spirit the established
notions and customs of things sexual must be retested.
Is it good for a girl to reach womanhood ignorant of
the way babies are born? Is it wise and right for a
boy to get his information concerning sex from the
livery stable man? Is it wicked and wrong for a
woman to wear short skirts or an artist to paint the
human form? And if a bunch of maiden ladies happen
to see some healthy urchins in swimming. does it in crease the total of human happiness for them to put
their hands in front of their eyes and scream while
they look between their fingers?. If so, why? Prove it!
There has been, within the writer's memory, a great
change of conservative sentiment on the subject of sex.
Not long ago Edward Eiok of the Ladies' Home Journal
began his work in this field. In his campaign there has
been li ttle tendency to kid -glovedness in handling the
subject, but considering the general conservatism of
the paper and its- subscribers, the stand take n· must
have done untold good in arousing the minds of un thinking dames who had always supported the doctrine
of prudery because they had closed their eyes a nd ears
to any fair consideration of the subject.
�45
The We'stern Comrade
Pearson's Magazine has bandied the subject l:n
<direct and vigorous style. The· editor says.:
"NC) co'ncatenatlon of circumstances brl:ngs more
misery to humanity than that caused by certain dis-eases which thrive solely because oi prudery and false
reticence. It does not meet the question to say that
these ailments cannot be discussed by polite people.
Public discussion is the only process by which public
-conscience can be awakened. An awakened public conscience Is the only means by which conditions may be
bettered."
Dr. William Lee Howard, in his "The Havoc of
Prudery," which appeared in Pearson's, charges the
nation with being "prudery drunk" and the daily press
with cowardly silence on such mattePS. He cites spe-cifically the fact that there are given each winter iil
Boston public lectures upon healtlJ, and- medical matters. These lectures are attended by crowds of Inter-ested people, and information given is of great practical
value and fully appreciated. The dally papers print
the program days ahead, and after each lecture give a
summary of its most important facts. That is, they do
so in all but that 9f the most important lecture-the
one on venereal diseases, the inference being that they
fear to offend the quacks who depend upon newspaper
advertising to keep them In their nefarous business. ·
Hundreds and thousands of youths and men, Dr.
Howard maintains, are having their spiritual growth
distorted and disturbed through fear-"a terrible fear
of self"-because they are left the prey of quacks. And
the truth is not taught at schools and in homes.
Dr. Howard tells us that the continental countries
are far ahead of America in their attitude toward sexual
hygiene and morals. Courses of Instruction on all important sexual matters are already given in schools ~nd
universities in Germany, France, and other countries.
In Finland, Switzerland, and Hungary such instruction
is even made compulsory, so that now, Dr. Howard
assures us, no youth leaves the high school or university without a solid working foundation for keeping
morally and physically clean.
The editor of Current Opinion deserves special mention for his treatment of sex questions. He advocates
open and wholesome minded instruction .as a substitute
for mystery and blind uroblbition. He tells us that "the
sense of duty creates a stiff and formal morality, but to
do good and avoid injury out of pure sympathy is the
idea1 morality."
Other magazines, among which are Harper's, McClure's, and the Woman's World, ba'\'e taken up various aspects of the sex question and added their influencs in breaking up the sheath of Puritanical ignorance
under which rottenness has so long thrived unmolested.
But the periodicals are not alone in indications of
the decadence of prudery. Numerous societies and organizations that are interested in social welfare have
by means of lectures and literature helped along the
change. Among these Is the American Association for
Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, which Is simply a
Latin student's way of naming a society for the promotion ot sex hygiene.
The above society, of which President Emeritus
Eliot is honorary head, has distributed much useful
lltemture and organized numerous lecture campaigns.
A wholesome sign is that these lectures have been
given to mixed audiences. I recently attended such a
lecture by a woman in one of_;.be most prominent
-churches in New York City. The scheme of "for men
~nly lectures" certainly has not altogether freed us
from the evil of mystery that has befogged · the subject
Surely it Is Inconsistent to expect a young man and the
girl he fs- abont to many to talk personally ·uPQp subjects when we segregate them for personal lectures.
Becanse I believe it may· be of help, to young people
·who are sound! at heart, but timid by nature.. the writer
will say that for several years he. has .tried to make it
a rule to speak with ·equal frankness to both sexes
concerning sexual matters, not excluding tbings of a
humorous nature. After ·all, sex: is the biggest thing in
life, and to admit that a joke based on. sex: is for that
reason wicked, is but another way of encouraging the
old trouble-breeding secrecy which has made. evil of
much that is good. But let it be clearly understood that
there is a great difference between the funny story that
Involves sex and the story absolutely devoid of ieal
humor that is only told and thought tti be funny 1\ecause
it is forbidden.
Because of the policy liere referred to, I believe that
I have suffered some limitations in the number of my
young women friends, but I am sure the loss of quantity
has been more than offset by the increase of quality,
for I have yet to meet a young woman of mental
capacity 'and clean morals that failed to appreciate and
admire this attitude.
'
•
•
•
As a whole, in my ·o bservlrtion, books on sex sub;
jects are becoming more sane and wholesome. They
are substituting an open explanation and a reasonable
appeal for the unexplained prohibitions backed up by
definite horrors which did as much harm by arousing
curiosity as they deterred with their threatened punishment. I recall one book in particular that was given
to me when I was about fifteen. The book had been
written by a preacher, and I remember distinctly that
even for a youth of my age it possessed little pos!t!ve
Information and a great deal of harum-scarum stuff, the
sole effect of which was to make me afraid of things
that I have since learned to be comparatively harmless.
There was something about these old preachments that
smacked of the inclandest!ne and made one feel
ashamed of himself for being an animal.
Of course, the various workers are yet far from
PE1rfection in the method of- approaching these subjects,
and the errors. are not all on the same side, though,
perhaps the most common one is in over-shooting the
beads of the readers. In a pamphlet written for young
men by an earnest worker I note such words as "obsession-semat!c-etblcizing-semniferous."
The same authority in an intervl~w with the writer
deplored the sensationalism which be considered was
being elsewhere given to the subject. If a man v.:hn is
not too old to remember his own boyhood may express
an opinion, I would like to Sli:Y that I believe a little
<if the sensational referred to would do less harm than
the dulling, discouraging effect of the "semat!c-semnlferousness" of a super-learned vocabulary. But this
difference of approach that comes of the diversified
training will not destroy the movement. Prudery and
sex Ignorance are being attacked from many sides and
the work will not be in vain.
The world has tried . the J)lethod _of the prude these
two thousand years and found it a failure. We are now
going to have an end with tlils mystifying, magnifying
foolishness and let sex knowledge and sex acts, sex
joys and sex miseries take their natural place ln life's
affairs.
Prejudices die hard . Prudery, which makes a virtue
of the mental faziness of Ignorance, - will be anything
but an ex:ceptlon. But the change has begnn. Prudery
has damned young humanity . long enough-and must
surely follow cannibalism, witchcraft and slavery into
· oblivion.
�The Western Comrade
Time was when if little Marcel
Maxwell,
who
was
just
sixteeu.
pretty a~ a rose, with an eye to
the sort of clothes that make a
girl look neat and winning, .ha1•ing
found her income of five dollars a
week iusufficient by about three
dollars to enable her to Ji1·e. had
slum bled one blue and murky day
and gone tumbling down the white
lighted hut tenibl.Y life - wrecking
path - time was not so long ago
when Marcel would have IJeeu
pointed out as a horrible exnmple
hy th e pl'l'fectl y good old l adies of
tho vi llage and that wou ld have
heen th e ('!HI of it. Marcel would
ha V<' IH•Pn just a honlhle O?xample
and tht"re wou l d have heen no
thought of an)' oth er phase or tlu•
que,;t.ion.
Uttt, th £> world lllOI' es ! And we
who i nh abi t th e world and now
and theu give a reason for inhabitinp; it hy showing a glimmer of inlP IIigPnc·c, II'£> mo1•e with it!
And wp have moved to th e
point t.hnt. l eads us to ask, wh en
Mnr·cel stubs her poorl y shod little
toe in an effort to dig the price of better footgem· out
of thP g rim e of disgrace. just how many Marcels ther£>
are doiug that same thing and just why they do it aud
just wltosp fault it i s.
The whole truth i s tlt11t·,we hal'e moved to the point
wher£> thirty-two states 11re either actiYely engaged in
unco1·er·ing tho e very important facts about all the
woe - b e~o ne Mar el s. or they hal'e signified their will Ingness t o do it.
Furthermore we have m ol'ed to the point where
there is n surprisingly general knowledge as to what
wages are and how many girls there are who work for
l ess than a recognized living wage and what the r esult is when girls ar forced to work for less money
per week than it r equires to lil·e per week.
When the state commission now iul'e ·tigatiug the
r elation between low wages and white sla,·ery in liJi nols was told that in Chicago there are more than
iiO,OOO girls working for less than five dollars a week
there was nq g net·al outburst of surpri e on the par t
of the American Jlublic The fact is, they knew that
the figures ran somewhere in that nei~hborhood .
The American public has a rather general knowledge of the fact that six millions of American women
�The Western Comrade
~re bread winners.
Every liltle village in the country •
has its little Marcels who w~rk for five dollars a weektror less. Thousands of perfectly good people-our b~st
peopl e, in fact-have first-hand knowledge of that fact,
because they pay the wages. Other thousands. yes
millions, have equally reliable knowledge , because they
or their relatives get the wages!
And now, just by way of refreshing the memory
let us get at a few of the co-related facts with as much
definiteness as is possible. These figures, like the
others, will cause no great surprise, because they have
all been given before, but it may do us good to have
th em all set up in a row. \\' hen we, as a nation, ha\·e
moved to the point where we can take these figures, and
others like them. line them up in a row . analyze th em,
get back of them down to what they represent and
straighter, out that tangle..,_ ah, then we will surely
ha\·e reached a point worth getting at. !'\ow for the
row of figures:
Dun's Tle\ i ew. as IJUOted by Profe!'sor Rauschenhusc-h in his book. "Christianity and the Social Cri si s,"
declares that in 1 !101 it t~ok $Hll :l to buy what $i24
11·ould ha\'E• bou~ht in JS!li.
John Spargo in his wonderfi.11 little volume. "Common Sense of Sodalism." declares that there are ten
million s of people in pon·rt~· in 1he United St<ttes.
The same author dPelares in nnother of hi s books.
"Th f' Bittpr C'r~· of t he Children" that there are at
least l.i~·O.O OO chi ldren at work and thai. n ot l ess than
1.24S.00ll are ~uffe rin g from malnutrition "to such an
!• xlent that th ey n eed m~dic.al attention ." Vastly more
than that ar<> \·ictims of pov erty to a l esser degree!
l>r. Thomas \\'ood of Columbia University puts th e
ti~ure at ii,(IOil,OOll.
There are approximately :•. ooo,OOti illiterate persons
111 the t 'n ited States as you r ead this-a nd many of
them are among the little i\larcc l s whose labor returns th em a wage too scant to Jh·e upon.
Kat l' Hil'hards O'Hare estimated a few years ago
that th ~>rc were 600,000 women in the Uni ted States
who liv('d professional lives of shame, and possibly as
man.r m or e w ho ~acr ificerl their virtue to augment a
lin•lihootl ~aine d in some other occupation!
Th e famous Chil'ago vil-e commi ssion asserted at
the !'lose of an <>xhausth·e investigation that th e gross
r<• lttl'll s from professional vi ce in that c ity w er e
$2U IIOO,IJOII per year.
The l ' nill'tl States 1·cnsus for 1904 tells us that 4i'i.li
p!'r ·l'enl of all cr inws are, cri m es against property .
And it uHt~· be added here tha t it is .not difficu l t to
as1·ertain that c·rimes against property are c rim es
l'aused by econ omi c need to secure economic security
in tim es of rl es peration!
And that will be quite enough. 1\lany more facts
of just such nature as those allove might be set down
h ere. but if w e have too many figures of large dimension to handle at one time w e 'may not he able to k eep
them und er control. It mig ht be said. howevet·, that
if y ou desire to r ank as one of the fifty-one rich m en
of th e !'Ountry you will have to present credentials to
sho\1· that you have succeeded in piling up not l ess
than twenty millions of dollars. That will enabl e you
to size up the question roundly.
And now let us go back to the question of little
Marcel. with her · worn shoes and her toe that is just
about to be stubbed in th e mire for th e sake of new
shoes.
The whole question of low wages and fallen -womanhood may be figured out on the basis of ne\v shoes.
Squire Blue, who has always lived in Cross Corners
and taken up the collection regularly every Sunday for
47
the last forty years and never missed a Sunday and
who spends three nights a week down at the corner grocery expounding the virtues of Grover Cleveland and
helping himself out of the cracker box when Peter
Pouter, the wizened little grocer isn't looking, may not
agree with that statement-and he might find an ardent
aid in Peter himself, the pair of them never having read
a daily newspaper from any other town and neither of
them having ever had the faintest conception of the
longing of a girl heart for a new pair of shoes like
Bertha has-or even for a new set of combs, or perchance a skirt or a pair of silk hose.
nut notwithstanding the dire frownlngs of such
worthy folk as these two good old people upon such
r evolutionary doctrine, the fact remains that every
honest investigator who bas ever studied the subject of
white slavery_:an~ there have been many- agree that
the rock bottom of th.e question is econor:uic'-and that
means bread!
When a man has no food and no job he commits a
crime against property. When h e has a little bread,
but not enou gh , he commits a lesser crime-excepting, ·
of course, those who beg, but there you are again.
That al so is crime.
Wh en the femal e of the species has not enough bread
she com mi ts a crime also. She sells h er one salable
com modity-her body!
l want to digress a moment to cast a sidelight upon "
this question. A .Chicago newspaper wanted to get at
th e facts abou t girls in 'the big State street stores and
it wanted to print them. An eX]Jet·t wom an Investigator
and writet· was com mission ed to go among the girl s who
worked, to get their stories and to write them. She did
her work well. The editors were w ell sa,tisfled. The
woman was paid for her work. Then the editors planned
a campaign, using the stories as a basis for an appeal
for legislath·e action to prohibit starvation wages. To
get lhe appropriation necessary for the campaign the
man who held the money bag had to be consulted. And
he promptly vetoed the whole scheme. "It would drive
every advertiser out of the pape"'r and ruin us," be
said. "No. w e can;t/ 'print those stories." And they
have not been printed to this day-and probably n ever
will be.
llut the facts that th ey brought out are the facts that
are now being laid before the l egislative investigators
in Sprfhg-field. Ill. They told of pay envelopes that contained three a11d four and.fiY.e .dollars at the end of the
week, th e:v told of d ed uctions for petty infractions of
rul es, they tol d of brutal floorwalkers; of tit·ed feet and
a ching h ead s and broken hea1ts. They told the whole,
compl et e tragedy of exploited g irlhood in the trade
pal aces of the great metropolis of th e mid-west. They
p.o inted out in burning word s and white hot f ea rs the
beckoning route down to the great white way of deatha route that always went down through t he gnawing
want of bread!
•
Ou t O\·cr the remotest rmal mail route of our great
n ation go the glittering promises of these great mer chants, offering to all, th e wonderful products of their
shops; wrapp~d in the heart blood of the American girlhood en·sJaved there.
Yes, time was when people didn't know about these
things. Time was when people couldn't talk much
about them in public. Time was when peopl e didn't
know much about the"telation between bread and obedi ence to the Jaw. But we are going on and we learn
as we go. We l earn that when t)le human organism 1s·
denied a l egitimate road to the satisfaction of its funda mental wants that the human organism with its twentieth century skill aQd its first century instincts will
�4-S
The Western Comrade
Who Pays the Bills?
By
Fred
~~~~!!!!!!!!!'IHE
7
of
c.
SYSTEM meets us at the beginning
life's journey, pursues sorrie of us to
,T~ the last day, and then .tribute must be
_
paid to the system even · when we lay in
our caskets.
Like a spectre it meets us in childhood, gives us battle through life, and
millions succumb terore its vicious on•
.
slaughts. It stunts the youth, degrades
the adult, and marks t!Je word "Failure"
r.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;-.. after the names of 96W. per cent of those
who engage in mercantile life.
Youth is robbed of its cllildhood~mature years become a wild scramble for a place of comfort 'for later
days, and premature old age is the heritage of the system of economic waste. We pay the toll of 100 per cent
and get nothing in re turn save the pitying scorn of generations that will come after us, who will say, "What
fools those mortals were."
This system of distribution goes through our entir e .
com mercial life, and the waste is appalling, as ·shown
by th e following figures in but a few of the leading ave-
-,·
find some othe r way! And in the case of Marcel it. is
a way that fills us with horror-horror not only for
Marcel, for he r span of life will be brief, but horror
as well for the generation which she will mother- the
babes to come!
·
We know that our machinery of distribution is
capable of taking to all the people of the earth all of
the bread-and bread means all the .things we need to
sustain life in full measure-all of the bread they need at
all times. We know equally well that our machinery of
production is capable of producing all the bread that all
the people need at all times. We know that if our mar
c hinery of production were allowed to run all of the time
tt would be capable of producing all that all the people
need and to provide a generous surplus. And, with the
possible exception of Squire Blue and poor old Peter,
we all know that healthy, normal people love to work
and will always work at least enough to provide the
bread to keep them alive.
We know, again with the possible exception of the
squire and Peter, that if there were no profit in sight
for the employer of Marcel and her millions of likenesses, they would not be employed, and also that If
the profit were eliminated there would be enough and
to spare for that sorely tried and tempted little bud
of human life.
It is well for wise and rorofound legislators to go
delving into the facts about Marcel. Many of them
have been Squire Blues and Grocer Peters up to now
and they must needs catch up. And God bless 'em for
the desire to catch up. But just as sure as little Marcel
tinds only five dollars in her purse next Saturday night
and has eight dollars chalkM up on the debit side of
her worn little account book, something that is not
sanctioned in a proper code of ethics is going to hap-·
pen!
When we reach the point when we shall have set
our economic house in order our Iegisl~tors may forget about the problem of Marcel and her · wages and
her morals. ·There will be no problem then- but there
will be· one UNTIL then!
VV'h.eeler
nues of business: In di.atribution alone our national
waste amounts to six billion dollars annually; insurance, $500,000,000; for crime (its prevention, detection
and care of those convicted and awaiting trial), $1,000;000,000; in manufacturing, $1,250,000,000; in agriculture,
the enormous sum of five billion dollars. The waste of
food is placed at one billion, and at the same time there
are millions of people needing the things so wasted.
. Bankers and brokers draw $600,000,000; transportation (parallel roads and competing lines), $1,000,000,000;
the drink traffic, $1,650,000,000; advertising, $3,000,000,000-or more than the national debt at the close of the
Civil War; unnecessary household moving, $45,000,000;
militarism (past, present and fut~re), $600,000,000;
agents and solicitors, $720,000,000; the unemployed ,
$600,000;000, and the idle rich, $900,000,000.
The economic waste of militarism is a staggering
one: The United States Bureau of Education, in discussing the question, says:
"At the present rate of expenditure the four countries of Germany, France, Great Britain, and the United
States will spend in the next forty years, the life of
one generation, for the support of armies and navies an
amount sufficient to build 2,000,000 country and village
houses at an average cost of $2500 each. With father,
mother and four children in each of 'these houses they
would furnish .homes for 120,000,000 elf people, which is
more than the total present population of these four
countries living in villages and the open country. Thus
the fear of war is consuming the home of the rural and
village popuiation of these great nations in a single
generation.
"It is estimated that the total direct cost of th e
armies and navies of the world each year in time of
peace is $2,500,000,000, which equals the total valuation
of the wheat and corn crops of the whole of the United
States."
These astounding figures are the yearly cost of
economic waste, and under a sane system could be
reduced to a minimum. The total of these items alone
equals $34,961,600,000, or an amount equal to $388.50
yearly for every man, woman and child in our land or
in other words, equal to one-half of the entire am~unt
received by the average adult worker in America. To
put it still plainer, for every dollar's worth of goods
we buy we pay a tribute of 50 cents to economic waste.
To give a few illustrations: A circular from a New
York advertising company says that there are 1000
firms in America that spend $1,000,000 each in advertising each year. John Wanamaker recently signed a contract calling for an expenditure of $170,000 a year with
a single paper.
According to Printer's Ink, the following firJllS pay /
annually to the New York Herald these sums: Bloomingdale f!ros., $30,000; Siegel, Cooper & Co., $30,000 ;
and R. H. Macy & Co., $50,000. This is for one paper
alone. Printer's Ink gets $10,500 a year for its front
page alone.
It is estimated that advertising alone takes the labor
of -122,150 men (which is practically all waste) at an
expense of $145,720,00b.
Drumm!irs, commercial travelers, agents and solicitors
work at an ex pen~ of $495,000,000. There are 300,000
�T be Western Comrade
of them, b\i't. thei'P numbel' iS" gun-wing, fess• as; tJhe fulust
rea:cfte& pe1lfe«tiou,
· A stiavtltllng M.ct is· gitv'e'nl coneeming, the w·age loser o:t
our U.nel'n plo)Yedl, rt veac~es tlhe e'll'()i'ln(ffi , tatall o! sf!x'
Mll~n dbrJaafs a.n®'alfliy, 'llb't'ee fnmdlfedl tl'lotrSBlndl fd'l'e
In. Funnyland
viCh' cost us $9~01,0001,0001, • • •
. /, .
Some t~l'lle algo a fia~tm.er sofdl a. batren cW' apples tor
7~ cents. ln tfle ~arre~ he ~ut !Hs name and! additress·
and lieQ'Uestedl the p'Uilcbalser tC!Jl tell aim what tbe al!lll'le-s
'((Tere t>ougbt ft<>r. Some time later the fai'IDer received
wol'd fh,a t the p'ilrcbaser bald paid $4..30 fo1' the app>les,
Tliis is a go'oEl exampJe of economic waste,
By warY ot passing, I wiJJ say tba.t the tn.tsts have
dolle away With an ei'W'>Tmous- amount of waste, and as
theY de'V'elop, more waste will be e)imfna.t.ed,
The ttust is a labor-savfng de~ic:e and deserve.s recognition as such, Let us enlarge the trus-ts until v ery
pe-rson in our land is a member of a eo-operative trust,
to be operated for tbe .interests of all the people.
Another phase of our economic waste Is evidenced
by the fact that everY Y!l'ar 900,000 people are needlessly killed in the United States by preventable dis~ases , or by unneceSSMY acc;idents, These might have
a dded $18,00o.noo,ooo a year to the national Income.
Thomas \V, Lawson tells us In Everybody's that
"th~:>te. are sixty billion dollars in stocks and bonds on
1ilis uatlan's industries, forty billions of which is tlct!t iofls, and on which the people pay 2000 millions anfilial trlbilte to 10,000 individuals."
Who pays the bill of these enormous expenses?
Labor- and labor alone. A corporation desires certain privileges by which It can control valuable rights
of way, or valuable concessions, which when obtained
rorce the people to pay tl'lbute fa1· in excess of a reasonilhle amolmt ; or through unlawful lnfluenc;e have high
rates maintained In order that It may pay dividends
not oniy upon the actual investment, but on stock
watei'ed to an enormous extent.
In ordei' to do this, c•1rporation agents throng our
city councils, stale legislatures and national congress.
Whenever our national rights are bartered away, the
burden falls on th e woi'kers, because they must finally
pay th e billa. But what do you pro)Jose to do? First,
call attention of the people to the facts. Educate them
to a better understanding; second, show them that a
ro-ope i'ative system is SAVING, while the competitive
syAtem is SLAVING.
A non-pi'Oducel' i~ n parasite. He must live from
wha~ others produce.
So the workers must not only
su[Jport th emselves, but the idler and non-producer as
well.
'rhe Rept;bllcan and Democratic and ·· Progressive
p!l.l'tles are In favor of continuing this system of ecohotnic waste, Sor.lalism would substitute In Its place
a co-operntive system In which the toller would receive
much better returns for his labor and yet pay much
less for the necessities and comforts of life. Competition Is anar-chY; cO-OtJeratlon will bring order from
chaos.
THING~
ARE COMING DOWN
The high cost of Jiving has come down con'siderably.
A good aeroplane can be bought fo1· about half of what
it cosl a \vhUe ~go, and .a.utomoblles a1·e somewhat
cheaper. Good news to the horny-handed and ftatlllii'SC(i ~ons Of toil.
HOW HE TRAIN~ NOW
"The ' wblt<e ilo))<e' l1a-s ciosed llis tight camp."
"Gt\J"efi tlll tralnln:g'?"
·
" Nope. Takt·n.g his \vol'k-'o nla delivering parcels JlOSl''
. u'l'hanlk goodness there won.'t be any strap;.-hax:-ging;
in l'leaven;• exploded the ladiy m. a erowde.d. street ear.
..Don't see what dmerence that. will make to anyone
in thls bmrcb," retorted the abused! conductor.
•
•
BLUE SKY LAW
''Bmy;• said a street gamin the other day, "what's
,
"Ob, that! Don't you know what that is? It's a law
that keeps folks from gettin' soaked with we..ter.ed
stocks."
th!is 'ere blue sky Jaw the papers talk about'!''
.. .. ..
WHY HE WAS DOCKED .
The engineer who had been blown up in the air by
an explosion during the week had just drawn his weekly
pay. He found himself docked for thirty minutes.
"What's that for?" he asked.
·
"For the time you were up in the air."
•
..
•
PUNCHING PUNCH
The British suffragettes are threatening to wreck the
office of Punch. Go to it, sisters. ~
·
Don't care bow much you pu h this Punch;
Yes, punch him with a mallet
·
Until he cuts his nasty stuff
~
,
To keep you from the ballot.
•
•
•
ECONOMIC DEFINITIONS
The young preacher was asking the old preacher how
to present the ten commandments to ·ws flock.
Said the old and experienced preacher:
"To the poor people present them as commandments.
When you're preaching to the middle class present them
as recommendations. But when you're preaching to the .
wealthy give them out merely as suggestions."
•
•
..
A .GHASTLY JOKE
•
Recently near Omaha the body of an aged man was
found in a snowdrift.
In a little notebook in one of the pockP.ts was the
following:
"My name is 'Guess Who'.''
"My home is-nowhere."
"ln case of death or serious accident notify-the float ing population."
•
•
..
SOME TEMPER
An old Scotch farmer in Iowa was one of the best
loved men in the community where he resided. He had
one bad failing, however-a violent temper.
On one occasion a neighbor, one of the slack, easygoing type of men without sufficient vitality to lose hls
temper, remonstrated with the Scotchman, whlo had
flown into a passion with a balky horse.
Said he: "Oh, Deacon Jones, you ought not o give
'way to your temper like that; you should contr.ol your
tem!6."
"Control my temper," re·pJied the old man, "control
my temper! Why, God bless you ma-n. I control more
temper iu a week than you do iu a year."
�GO
The Western Comrade
There are as many kinds of men as there are menAmeringer-with a pause long enough to say that Mr.
almost. Sometimes they are funny, .sometimes sad.
an.d Mrs. Osc~r are about as near the perfect team as
sometimes hall-fellow, sometimes taciturn and - not a
one would jolly well find in many a day's tramp. But
bit chummy. And, sometimes they are sensible and
that doesn't make the circle. Not until you are introduced to the seven Ameringer children do you realsometimes they ar not.
But when you've found a man who is funny, who
ize that here you have a real family circle. Further
Is sensible, who is hail-fellow and who has the bodythan that, it is a music circle, for every member of
build to flt his brain-build- well, when you have found
the family, from Daddy Amerlnger to the littlest
such a man you have found a man with a person:11ity
Ameringer of them all, plays some instrument.
worth looking into.
In the days when Oscar used to rove the west
country, propaganding from the .rudYou can take a . man like that and"
roll him around in the m ill-yes, everi
der end of a covered wagon, he would
s lick him right in between the upper
drive up to a village, cut the horses
and nether stones, so to speak, and
loose from the front end,. s.take them
he'll come out wherever it is that
out in the grass, stick a gasoline
things eome out of a mill just as
torch up over a rear wheel, gather
chipper as he went in and his bodily
his family circle around him and get
circumference will be just about like
the good will of the irfhabitants by
it was when he started on the jourgiving them the Marseillaise from
ney. Moreover his smi le will he just
nine good , strong, healthy Ameringer
as broad and his mental vision just as
brass blowers and string manipulakeen and ali-grasping as it was he tors. Then he would find the coast
clear for a verbal demonstration of
forP.
And that';; why Osc:ar is as hapjlY
his mental powers. "Friends, I ain't
and roly-poly as he is today. Oscargot nothin' against the caj:Jit'alists, no
! don't. know how e1·er the parents of
more than I got against' the bedbug,"
he would say to them. "Only I obOscar happened to have the foresight
to give IYim that most ad mirable
ject to the way they get their living.''
nam >- but If e l'e r y man was so adAfter that Ameringer has them.
A me ringer· has written a whole
mirably adapted to his name as is
Oscar Amcr inger, 11·hat a world this
bunch of little books-one might alwould he. Amerin ger wou ld be woemost say a flock of the m-they han•
that "FJ~· ing Dutchman" twang and
fully out or place in th e company of
that Oscar· Humoringer way of lama llame like Cla re nce Ql' 1\.Yontmorency.
hasting the cap it a list system to a
It wou ldn't do at all.
.Just take this s ing! sentence frotn fare-ye-well and a merry good night!
Being as you no11· have a ve ry
t h • Ameringe r lin
of discussion:
clear conceiJtion of what Ameringer .
"Sabotage? What doe!'. It mean? Why .
looks like and is like- T admit this
Sabotage is putt in~ soa p in the bee r."
He's Alway!: Happy
description is accurate- you are now
.Tu:;t as soon as you'd heard him say
at liberty to wonder what would happen if Oklahoma
that, w ith his little tou ch of accent. you'd know that
Os,car should ever crash- he couldn't merely amblehis first nam was Oscar.
into Congress \ and sall y up to Hon. Root and say to
And it is just the Ame ringer way of ex pressing
that bland old codger. ''81ihu , old c1mp, you are about
things, the Ameringer· su nshine, the Ameringer peras socially useful as a bedbug. You get yours in the
~o n a lit y t hat makes him one of the best propagandists
same way-only you get more."
i n the Socialist Party.
They call him "The Flying Dutchman from Oklahoma." That a lso fits Ameringer. And the reason
WHEN RALPH IS KING
1hey say "from" Oklahoma is t hat in recent years he
Ralph Korngold, who rece ntly delivered a number
has be n "from" that commonwealth rather more than
of Socialist speeches in California, had occasion to
In it. For instance there was the time h e was down
l'is it the barber's chair while in Los Angeles. And ,
In New Orleans helping · win a half · dozen strikes.
as to be e xpected, th e barber s l.a shed poor Ralph's
Th n ther have been several years during which
Face.
Osca r has been seen rather freely around Milwaukee.
" It's a ll right, sit·." said the barber, "here's a little
He is tolerably at horne in that bailiwick, it being a
cou rt plaster I'll put on it."
city of st rong, not to say pronounced, Gerhmn pro"Do it well,'! said Ralph, "and .when I become king
cllviti s-procliviti s being hardly adequate at that,
I'll make you court plastere;·."
if yon hav s en Milwaukee. For while Milwaukee
has those pronounced G€rman proclivities Oscar is
Dut h. And if all Dutchmen are built like Oscar. the
Lord be praised for the Dutch.
Oscar hns a home circle that is a circle. There
a re enough people in it to go 'round. There is Mrs..
DIOGENES IN A
BIG CITY
The mo~ern Diogenes hangs his lantern on the bacl~
of his vehicle to ·keep honest folks from runing into him
in tho dark,
�The Western ComzracBe
e P a irtle d P lgeoill
By
r.::=~~~~ \l'ii'O
Rob
oeauti'ful Befgian g:mwds carnfedl
Andrew Carnegie mtl€1 his p~Evarte boUJdoir and laid h~m C!Jlll a biire veroun:·
C!JStet·moo1',
wher-e
he
dissorved im
nears. C'ong:Fessman lllenfwfd tl'l~ew !ilfs
hM so high In tne air tha t h weilln
through the s-kylight a n d never Ca~me
down. The Kaiser JdE>sed the Pr'esfl!tieii\11
of the Frencn RepolllHc and 'Fed.dy
<:l~nc!Jed with 1'afL The great Tell!llple
of Peace sfuook winh the hurrahs,
ban zais. and hochs of the a~sembled muUitude. Bands
JJla!Yed. whistles blew and newsboys shouted the glad
tidi ngs that univer sal peace had come.
It was a (>ic'ture flO artist can paint. bu t l'\'e done
roy bE.>st to I>OSt-impresR you with i ts symbolism.
l'ea('(r! 1
HE.>al peace! Aftet· all those red years or
struggle ! But It all goes w show what money can do
whrn Inte ll igently directed. J.'or it was all the fruit
of AndrE.>W's endowment!-! of temples and peace propagamla. At last the world had been educated to the
l!orrifi<' e ffe('t~ o f war. And now his · patient years of
waiflng WHc t o sf•e the <·ulminalion of his hopes and
aspit'ation s. lJo you wondet· that. Andt·ew dissolved in
tearK'!
It was 110m e triumph, I tell you. F'rom the
prnlit ~< of the armor pla t e he had mad e he had so
m•uaiuPtl ('\'eni B that now th erP should be no more u se
fo r ·ll!'rnol' JrlutP. Sueh self-abrwgation was bound to
t'eH IIII, in tli Hsolullon .
Till· tla~· of thi s grea t C' \·ent opened au spiciously. ·
Th E' Hll ll Hlwne. thP band ;; pla ye d and th e str eets w ere
nlll'l' wi th the pitttii'E'HfJIIE' presen ce of international
tliplornat ~. atla<'lr es an1l n e wspaper m E' n.
Th e Hague
lrad h ad man y peace I'Onferenc·es. but thi s one was
pr'<"Knunt wil h a g r eat nr ea!llng-. f or ever ybody belie ved
lira! a !lotaiJie eve11t ill th e epic o f huma11 prog-ress
was almut to Ire en ac t ed . 'J'Ire great w a r started in
th p llall<anH had Jefl Europp prostrate and the worl d
\\'US Hie·)( or war.
Yes, lir e tim e had arrived for l asting peace. So N i cholas, \\'llliam, George and Andrew
li nd C'allcd thiB parliam ent togeth er .
llecausf' of hi s ·unique position and Iris noble peace
lii PdUlo, T. H. wa~; el ected pr sident. H e presi ded with
a lat>ge stick th at made th e rafters rattle. His dental
per sonality immediatel y d ominated the great. assembly.
They w ere all g iven el'iden ce Lhat th e best way to
obtain peace was to be prepared for war. and T. R.
,,·as lll'epared. H e told them all wh er e to h ead in.
H e began by forbidding Engl and to build more
llt'<m dnaughts: Germany, Z e.ppelins; Fran ce, submar'i n fi, and Am erica, aeroplanes. H e told Germany sh e
must get out of Alsace, .Japan out of Manchuria, England out of l~gypt and America out of the Philippines.
H e pr·omised Greece the r eturn of th e Elgin marbles;
Paris the r eturn of t he bronze horses from the Arc de
Triumph and said that France must send back the
\ "cnlls de Milo and Madam Tonssand return Napoleon's
llll.t and coat. He promi sed Venezuela that America
\\'Oiihl I'etnrn her asphalt. tho ugh it meant tearing up
hal f the streets in that ' country. The Morgan group
\ \ ' llS given si xty days in which to re-distribute among
the rightful own ers t he plunderings of it naughty
trusts. (The good trusts were to be left undisturbed.)
lf<)ach natioll ·aro~e . in turn anu amid great applause
agN>e<l to r~turn Its thefts.
An<.l though. h e sald, he preached the soft heart,
Wagner
he didl not pneaebl the- so.l!t h.eadl. H~ t.ol'd th.e!Dl th3lt
now th:ait llhey had! sqll007edl o.fl!· the cau.ses· ell mo.st olf
thei• quarnre-.IS· a.ndi jealousies the-y w~Uil:di go f'o~h atud
d'QI b~ttle wft.l'll th.e fnstlrumen.ts. e! dvhl:WatwA Flro.w.
nO>w onr lit was to he a waF oll wiits mstea.di of ~-iu.
cl'l:est ell's.. He fovl:1!d them tQ settle bouo.daiies~ pay
old! d ebts and clear the slate generarUy•-so, that the
woFfd woU!ld begjn all over agam an.d go fo..-th in peace
and concord. It ·as. aU aCCQmpliS:hed Yery Quicltty
amid stupendous applause. and as the last nation signed
the compact a v ast mar of approval we.nt up from the
assemblage.
trang men with beards wept li:ke women.
Tiley sang an d cried and whooped and yelled yery
much as I described in the first paragraph.
But in the midst of their pandemon!um and b fore
the signa ture of the last delegate was dry a curious
thing happened.
Directly over the head of the speak er was a lat-ge
all£gorical mural painting by Wilhelm ll representing
the nations of tbe world with arms uplifted to a white
dove of peace, and to the amazement of tht> crowd the
do\·e began to mo\·e.
It had come to life and was trying: to free itself from
the canvas. Finally, with a triumtl hant coo lt burst
foi·t h-ftew three limes about the great hall, and with
noisy flapping alighted right on the end or th e
S.peak er's stick.
The Congre.' ~ . awed by such a phenomenon, sat
spellbound, and :·1 the great silence that fell the bird
spok e.
"Gentlem en," it said (it spqke a sort or J)lg on
English), "I thank you for what you have done. F'or
years I have l.Jeen aborning. U p to today T have b et>n
nothing hut a painted pigeon d ecorating th e halls and
l etter - heads of peace societies, appearing 1:1 tuffed nt
weddings or l owly r eliefed on tomb -stones. Hut now
I li\·e !
"My mother was a wish, and you,. gentlem en. have
from that wish brought forth my li11ing presen ce.
Th er efore, YOI:l are my falhe t·. 1 shall do my utmost
to honor you- for it i s not ever y bird that haR such
a large and distinguished father. You shall n e ver re g r et your fatherhood and now l et 's g i ve three cheer s
for me!"
The noi se was deafening and for: a moment th e poor
bird was frightened, but h er attention was a'rrested l.Jy
the Swedish delegate who was asking the Speake!'
if h.e did not think the Carn egie Temple In which they
hacl met and brought forth their child would b e .a fitting
a bod e f or the dove.
nut the bird intenupted him and h olding up h er·
c la w for silence t hus delivered herself :
" I thank you, father, but J ask you not to confine
m e to thi s or any oth e1· temple. I 've heen her e long
enough in that old picture. Besides, I have a mission
to fulfill. Through you . father!l, I have the blood of
messenger- boys in m y veins. I must carry this m essage of peace to all the world . I feel that I am a
natural-born carrier. Call me Carrie-Cal'rle Pax!"
In the confusion that followed the wonde rful pun
that this opportunity afforcled th e British delegate the
bird up and flew OUt o f the high window and was JlOOJl
lost to view.
After their amazement bad sub.slded a permanent
organization was effected with Teddy as U.s president
The Ha,gue was neutrnH~ed and. Teddy was t.o rnake lt
�The Western C o mrade
52
his permanent home.) _A palace was ordered built _for
him and his large familY to be surrounded by ~n Immense park in which he could keep pogsnoggles,
cheetahs, dik diks and other of his jungle favorites.
• • •
The world basked In the Pax CarnegieismBut:
One day a huge s teamer called the Biggerenania was
th irty hours out of Cherbourg when the heat at noon .
tJecame most uncomfortable-an unusual thing at this
1ime of the year.
Aft. under a large awning, sat a group of delegates
returning from The Hague. They were exulting in the
triumphs of international peace one moment and cursing the unlced drinks of the British bartender the next.
With the setting of the sun came no respite, for at
~ p. m. the thermometer stood at 89.· At midnight it
had risen to 93. No one could sleep and everyone's
nerves were on edge. A .g.1>eat storm seemed impendlllg- except that the barometer showed no such indi<'alion.
Toward morning the vessel ran into a hot fogalmost like steam. Thermometric readings of the wa11-'r ran nearly to the boiling point.
The condition of the passengers had become alarmIll~. but it was difficult to know in what direction to
turn as there was no way of te_lling where the dis Ill rban ce was.
l•'ortunate ly at s unset a red glow was observed far
1o th e south . Though it was un comfortably hot everyoile was imme nsely r elieved that danger had been
a ''c rted.
The re was now no doubt that a submarine eruption
had occurred. Because of such an unusual phenomenon
t hP captain felt warranted in "laying· to" for the night
and taking observations. The next day was · spent in
circling the disturbance and its volcanic origin was
c learly indicated by the dead fish, seaweed and cinders.
No other vessels were reported and at 5 p. m . the
tJi g leviathan proceeded on her course. The greatest
excitement and inte res t prevailed and the wireless was
tJusy reporting to both shores.
A New York newspaper correspondent returning
rrom th e peace conference had been aloft all day with
a pair of powerful glasses. After the boat was well
on its course he descended and sent twe nty-two words
in cipher to his paper. He had f!een something no one
e lse had noticed and he would scoop the world on the
big~est. story yet.
The nex t morning the re appeared on the streets of
New York a most sensational newspaper splash of a
great submarine earthquake that had thrown up an
island in mid-Atlantic.
As soon as othe r vessels reported the truth the
boats were dispatched from all directions to make scie ntifi c reports on the seismic phenome non.
· While most of the world was interested only in the
scientific aspect of this amazing occurrence, a few
hard -headed old anarchs sitting around the mahogany in ·a directors' room on lower ·wall street, turned
loose their splendid brains on how to make even an
earthquake profitable. No_w, when brains ' like these
ar-e scrambled the omelet is liable to pay twenty per
cent- and. of course, that's worth cherishing. So they
come to a magnificent conclusion and it was this: ·when
t hat island cooled off. standing as it did midway between four continents. it would dominate the trade of
the world. And the first nation to get a flag on it
would be its possessor. They immediately got the
Admiralty on long distance ·and had a real little heartto-heart talk with the High Boys there. Their argu-
ment was an economic one and it convinced the deparrment th~t its usefulness would no doubt be discontinued
if it had nothing to do ana the ranks of the unemployed
would be largely augmented by former admirals. The
argument rang the bell and pretty soon there were
great stirrings in the navy yards.
""'
Now you may think that these industrial captains
were amazingly shrewd, but bless your heart, they were
not so stupenduously origina , for all over the world
twenty per centers think in the same terms. Thus it
happened that similar schemes hatched around many
foreign mahoganies.
* • •
"When the Bunkton, Captain Spevans commanding,
arrived several days after the above-mentioned conference he found that he could not approach within six
miles of the islan"d, so he decided to circumnavigate
the whole disturbed area, but was very much chagrined
to find an English and a German cruiser doing the
same thing. It now became a waiting game--waiting
for the island to sufficiently cool to get a flag over it.
Spevans, however. was resourceful and had no intention of waiting. He wired the situation to Washington and immediately they dispatched the June Bug 32carrying two men besides Lieutenant Glenwrigbt.
Their mission was to fly over the island and drop an
anchor with an asbestos flag attached right on the
highest point of the molten mass. Then would the
place belong to America by right of discovery. The
June Bug arrived early the next morning and to the
amazement of the intrepid pilot he discovered high to
the east the approach <if two huge dirigibles, one flyin g
the English and the other the German flag. He suspected- this motive and hurrie d straight for the island.
but the bot air rising from the lava caused the air currents to whirl in all kinds of eccentric circles and, to
the horror of all, the biplane turned trutle and shot
straight for the water and he was s·o on lost to view.
The captains of the big airships witnessed this with
their binoculars and were chuckling over the fiasco of
their a e roplatoni c friend when two fearful explosions
rent th e ai1· and both th e huge dirigibles succumbed to
the strange gases.
At almost the same instant a shot was heard and an
immense projectile flew over the ship. It seemed to
come from the direction of the German cruiser and
landed too accurately close to be accidental.
In a few minutes the Bunkton was under full steam.
headed for an explanation. As the vessel turned toward
the south it passed between the British ship Inevitable
and the island. With the glass could be seen mu ch
agitation aboard the English vessel, and no wonder,
for with a loud report a great bole was torn in the
bow of the Bunkton by a British torpedo.
Explanations were not needed now. It was too obvious. Spevans Jet go both batteries, one at the Germans and the other at the English. The Germans re turned their fire to the English ship- which was puzzling.
Pretty soon there was the prettiest three-cornered
fight you ever saw. Toward evenin g the three vessels
were still afloat but badly use d up. They were all glad
of a chance to eat and rest and send news back home.
This incident shows how easy it is to start troubl e,
for had Captain Spevans known the truth a terrible
catastrophe would have been averted.
Like M. & M.'s. captains usually think in the same
terms. EacJ1 had determined to out wit the others and
get his flag up first.
Captain Schmitsberger of the armored cruiser
Whosahollerin had rigged up a flag fastened to a pro-
�The Western Comrade
jectile that be tked at the top of the hot mountain.
Pnfortunately it went high, just missed the U. S. S.
Bunkton, and was most uncharitably interpreted.
Aboard H. M. S. Inevitable, Captain Johns StokePogis , V. C., was equally alert and had had made· an
asbestos Union Jack that he determined to send ashore
in a slow-going torpedo.
The only trouble was that in the excitement of dispatching It they forgot to pull the war-plug from the
cap in its nose and the · American ship accidenta11y
intercepted it on its triumphant trip to the bot shore.
·when the facts were known many hoped that each
nation would see the futility of the brawl and call off
the dogs of war, but the Percenters called in their newspape r publishers and told them to whoop it up for
pat riotism and play up the flag stuff strong. National
honor! the Stars and Strjpes! and all that. Of course,
th ey obeyed. One great publishe r admitted that be bad
made fortunes off of wars and earthquakes. And so
th e conflict waxed.
As the new:> of the terrible losses to the three countries became known. nations that had s uffered for centuries in silence became bold, and pretty soon in
Europe and Asia the lesser ones began to assert themsel ves. Small irritations grew to great ones; old scores
we re remembered, and as they were all armed to the
teeth it was easy to guess the answer. And, sure enough,
trouble broke out in all directions. Red war was ablaze
all over the world in less than two weeks. The sight
was sublime. The English at the time bad a greater
fleet of Dreadnaughts than the Germans and utterly
annihilated the latter, and the great fleet of Zepplins
was torn to pieces in a storm while trying to invade
t h0 British Isles.
The Agrarians of Mexico took advantage of the withdrawal of foreign money from their military despotism
and easily won back their lands, which they were about
to divide. when some planted Mexicans on the border
raid ed an American town, and of course the governme nt had to send troops into that country to show the
rebels their place.
By the end of December every country in the world
was prostrate from exhaustion except Great Britain and
AmE-rica. Their wealth alone prolonged the struggle.
Beside which. their naval supremacy was still unsettled. England staked everything on her great Dreadnaughts, while America put all her eggs into a new type
called the Fearnit class. It was exactly opposite to the
British Dreadnaughts. Though quite as large. it had
thousands of small guns of tremendous energy. Everything vital to the ship was submerged-even the guns
being worked from below.· The superstructure was
built of pipes, like their military masts. Thus they
cou ld run close to the cumbersome big vessels and pour
in a fire as from a thousand hoses-at the same time
presenting a skeleton battle-front to thP. enemy. They
dalmed that even though the big guns should strike
them, the projectile would pass right through, and at
its worst carry away only twenty or thirty small guns.
These fleets did not meet until January tenth. The
battle was fought off the New Atlantis and lasted two
days. The din and roar was awful. Ship after ship on
both sides sank with all on board. The end of the first
day found the Union .Jack floating over the island-now
cool enough to land on.
However, the victory was temporary, for the next
morning the Americans, in a splendid exhibitiQn of seaman and markmanship, managed to send the last of the
Britrsh vessels to its doom.
At the end of the battle only one American ship re-
53
mained afloat, and it immediately raised the Stars and ~
Stripes over the conquered island.
No sooner bad tbe small boat returned from its
patriotic labor and the news flashed to American tb.a n
the great ship began to settle-and almost before ther
knew what was happening the huge creature pitcheil"
forward and with one tremendous plunk sank to the
bottom or the sea.
·
This battle was the closing scene of the war.
America was acknowledged the victor in the greatest
war of all time, and though the sacrifice had been great
the prize was worth it.
A new peace conference was called at The Hague to
negotiate a treaty. It was a very different gatheringthan the one held only six short months ago. Bent and
broken in spirit, the delegates filed up to the Speaker's
desk and signed the covenant for their res'p ective countries that gave to' America the prize. They knew now
that the Great Republic was supreme and would arrogantly dominate the trade of the world.
But as the last name was signed to the treaty a
wonderful commotion arose, for it was noticed that
Carrie Pax was flapping violently against a large stained
glass window of Andrew Carnegie. in his excitement an
Irish member hurledVook right through the Tiffany
features of the great Peace Maker, an<l Carrie staggered
into the hallowed te~.
Bewildered and }Yeak, she flapped aimlessly about,
trying to find a mural painting .with a hole in it. Finally
she flopped fainting onto the Speaker's desk. Her featu,res were burned and one leg was broken. Occasionally
she would raise her head as though to speak.
A great silence fell over the august gathering. No
one dared to move.
At last, with a supreme effort, Canie raised herself
up on one leg, and clearing her throat began:
"Father," she gasped, "something has gone wrong.
When I left here I was full of your wonderful message.
I started out to deliver it, but I seemed to be speaking
out of turn, for I found few who cared to listen. And
then came the great struggle for that fool Island-it was
awful, though even I, a sentimental woman, could understand the importance of it.; but now that it's all OVI~t·
I've hurried back to you with a sad tale-the IslaM has
disappeared Ill"
"Gone! ! ! " shrieked the American delegate. "My
God! Carrie, what do you mean?"
But Canie had begun to giggle hysterically and she
found it difficult to go on.
However, between laughs she managed to tell them
that when she was hurrying back to the Conference and
was about half way across the Atlantic she heard
a terrible noise below her. Looking down she saw
Atlantis disappearing again into the Atlantic.
"As I passed over the spot," she said, "where once
the proud flag of America floated from the top of the
battle-scarred mountain, I saw rising to the s urface,
bubbles; some red, some white and some blue. I'd
never seen any bubbles before-oh, they were beautiful!
But when I began to think about that Island I began to
laugh, and say, I thought I'd die before I got here. I
couldn't bold my sides and fly, too. To think-- "
But she went off into peals of laughter she couldn't
control.
Finally sh£ just rolled over and died.
Did they bury her?
They did not. They just put her back in the pictures, on the tombstones, and the le tterheads of the
Peace Societies.
�; ..~
The Western Comrade
JVIaking Drear
By
P-~~~~~ N a eroplan e flight from R ed Bluff to San
A
~
Diego, Cal., would unfol d a n indescriba~
ble vista of mountain s and valleys and
boundless sea.
~
Sailing south f r o m R ed, Bluff to the
0 ~ T e hachapi range, a di stance of 400 miles,
one wou Jd pa;;;; O\'er on Jy · t wo valle~·s,
the Sa<"ram ento and the Sa"n .Joaquin.
On the east- ex t end s . an unbroken
mountain range, lifting its peaks in to
great heds o f perpetual sn ow- veritablP
in l'ert P<l resenoirs, that suppl y myriad s of Jak es in
th e beautiful mountain valleys f r om wh,ich streams rush
down th e c·a nyons in to the valleys bel ow.
SP,·ent y- fi\·,, miles away on the other side of th e;;e
le \' el IJeds of rich alluvial soi l. th er e Jay s another range
uf \'all Pyed mount ain s IJeyond which i s heat:d the r oar
of tltP f·pase l e.,s tid e oJ th l• sea of seas. Passing over
thf> T PIHI<'ha pi r ang-e sou thw ard the m ountain s open
again an d t he eye sweeps o1·er th e great l\1oja1·e desert.
This ,-alll'Y t•xtend s far to th e east a nd down be low sea
il' l'e l into lJpath Vall ey. H er e m a n y a wanderer has
lost hath h is way a nd his life and l eft his body o n the
hot desl' rt sand s.
Still farther to th f> south Jays that little paradise.
Falling Waters t o Propel Our Trains
the San F ern ando, t be San Gabriel , th e San ta Ana, the
Los Angeles and th e Cajunga valleyg like ·a g r eat fivecorne r ed star, in th e h eart of which is tile city of L os
Angel es.
For y et anot h er hundred miles southward extends
th e coast mountains and little valleys to the b eatt.lifu·l
Job
city of San Diego. Here ther e i s a deep harbor capable
of accommodating the navies of the world . ther e i s another to the north at San Pedro, and at Monterey and
Santa C ruz and at San Francisco the world 's best, surr ounded with wonderful valleys, and still farth er north
at Humboldt. this coast line of 800 miles, equipped by
Strewn With O rchards and
uature with un surpassed harbors, invites the commerce
of th e ,,·orJd.
In the n orth t he mountains are covered with forests,
the bowel s of the earth are filled with preciou s m etal s,
and t he Yallers fai r!~· bu r st w i th f r u its and grailis an d
flow er s: whi le the irri gabl e deserts of the south are
r apidly d evel opi u g into Yei·itabl e valleys of the N ile.
Sli ll ]Jrodigal with her hfessings, nature r efreshes
this land of pl'Omise with a geutle and cooli n g bree7.e
from th e .Japan current, a nd thus makes o f the l'a ll e~·s
a perpetllal summer land.
In this wonderful ('Ountry dwells a popu l ation of
three million people \\"hich cou ld be increased to fifty
millions a nd u:tder normal conditions th ey could dwell
in C'o mparatil'(-' l eisure and Ii1xury.
Rut early in the history of this great commonwealth a n ol'lopus of seeming l y infinite power settled
down upon this fa 1·ored land. Around every man it
threw its terrible arms a iHI o1·er his heart it thru st i ts
sti ll more terrible mouth. "All th e traffi c will bear,"
111 a fearful m etallic roar, i s eve r h eard belching f r om
the iron throat of this u n con scionable, heartless monster. ln every Yalley and tow n. from -the mountains to
thE> ~'ea, it;; relentl ess greed and power has .gr own until
all the means of transportation and most of tbe i ndu stries and comm ercia l institution s have been encircl ed
in its serpentine arm s.
The cry of despair and the call for hel p is h eard in
every city , t own. v illage ancl hamlet, but their h eart s
a nd hopes are palsi ed by the ever increasing roar _of
frui tless promises mingled with demand s for more t ra ffic a nd hig h er rates. Each worker struggl ed alone in
the battle until h e was oyerpowered b~· the very mon st er h e fed.
How natural i t i s for those in despair to rush to
�T h e We .st er n Com r a d e
s
55
Co1ne True
arriman
each other for help, and what \·isions open before them
to which they were totally iJlind before they clasped
each other's hands.
It is the power to do a thing, that makes one think
or the tiling I o do.
A minor power cannot e\·en dream of harnessing and
rards a:1d Fie l d s of Gra i n.
appropriatin~-:
un infinit ely superior pow er. Possibilities
do. ntust be inherent in th e fac ts iJefore a conception
of th e idea of doing i s possible.
Bpforp th e dPI'elopment of great social power one ·
<·ould not have seriou sly thought or harnessing Niagara.
h<.'ne'• all th e possibiliti es springing from the comforts,
lttxttri es and l ei sure, made possible by its proper appli '·a tion and a ppropriation were 1·i sion s beyond our k en.
Standin~ alon e on ·the plains of th e San Joaquin,
l oo l<in~ at th <' snowy peaks of the distant mountain or
li ~ tening to the roar of the water s rushin g rn·er th e
<'a tarac·ts. one c·ould not haYe even dream ed of turbine
,wlH'f'l s and endless wires and powerful dynamos. Much
l ess !'Otild hP have had a vision of transporting th e
infinitE' pow er of the fa ll ing water s through endless
win•s and unJinown devi<:es to bl ess c ities then uniJuilt
and peoples unknown.
nut no,,· that cities and town s and ,·illages are
IJuilt, no11· that the" plains are str e wn with or chards and
,·tnpyards and fields of grain, now that the cities are
tilled wi.th Yat·i ous industries and those who have
worked hard est h a ve hungered and thirsted and l.Jowed
most under the power of o1·er - production and underconsumption- how natural it is, wlren they clasp hands
and begin to f eel th e power of their united mig ht, that
they should not only con cei ve of and construct great
irrigation system s, but that they should also harness
that water power and thus shift the burdens from the
shoulders of man to )lower generated by falling waters.
HaYing the power !o do it, what visions unfold b efore us!
Our homes could b e warmer, our pathways lighted,
our factory wheels could hum, while the dangers of the
coal mine would be forgotten. Great cold storage
p !ants. e>lastic reservoirs for perishable foods would
10
spring up in every industrial and commercial center.
The cost of maintenance would be infinitely less to the
st ate than the value of the fruit that now decays . ...._y
:F'rom these sources would flow a constant supply of
fresh food to the market places of all our large cities.
With the mutual desire on the part of aH the people
in this state to shift the burdens from humanity to
gravity the vision would enlarge and the concept wquld
take practical form commensurate with its scope.
: "rom Red Bluff to San Diego, railroads would be
built with lateral lines to all industrial and commercial
cen ters. The falling water s would propel our trains
and products would be transported to our cold storage
houses, to our ma-rkets and to tide water at cost.
Here on the shores of the sea; · with our product in
hand, new ideas would be suggested. Steamships to
ply between the Pacific and the Atlantic would become
a necessity. · Wftli Uris gap cl osed the cost per ton of
transporting from the field in the \Vest Lo the factory
in 'the East and from the factory in the East to the field
in the W est would- be a mere bagatelle. M illions and
millions of dollars would be saved anually to the peopl e
of this state by the change.
Aiong the lines of t h ese proposed railroads throug h out the st<;te" th e poli cy of excess co.n demnati on would
surely fo llow . The increase in the val ue of t h e l ands
condemned wou l d accrue to all the peopl e instead of
to certain individual s. This would put an end to the
usual railroad town site speculation and l end great
impetus to th e movement.
W it h Ou r P r oduct in H a nd N ew Ideas W ould Be,
Suggest~ d
All the people being l.Jeneficiaries, they would be
l.Jound m on~ closely together. The rent accruing to the
state from a strip of land a mile wide on each side of
a state wide railroad in a comparatively short time
would liquidate the entire cost for the general good.
The stale ownership of that portion of the transcon-
�56
The Weste rn C o mr a de
tinental railroad beds which lay within this state would
probably be forced by this policy. Nor would such ownership either interfere with int~rstate traffic or fn any
way become a burden to the state. The roadbeds could
be used by their former owners at a rental sufficient to
cover the purchase price within a reasonable time, however reaso nable or unreasonable that purchase price
might be. This rent charge would not be met by an
increase in traffic rates but would accrue from profits
arising from lowe r rates than now prevail, inasmuch as
the transco ntinental lin es would . be compelled to meet
the rates on its line of steamers. The only advantage
in rates accruing to the railroads over the state line
T hat Little Paradise
or steamers would be one of time and to this extent
only would the railroad rates be higher than the state
water line rates. In addition to the v·a stly lower rates
which would be forced by the state there would be
freedom of access for th e people to all ]larbor and water frontage.
State ownership of all water power within the limits of the state, properly applied and · furnished at
actual cost for municipal and domestic heating and
lighting, fm· all industrial and commercial purposes,
also for all the state railroad and storage plants, would
call into being not only such industrials under state
ownership as are necessary to build, equip and maintain the power plant, the state railroad, the storage
and municipal distributing plant, and the great steamers of the state line, but such cheap power would lay
the foundation for industrial development throughout
th e state, and the low rates established by the state
line wou ld prevent further discrimination in rates bet ween localities ot industries. Under our present rail- ·
road management, the companies have it within their
power to make or break or seriously injure cities as
we ll as indu~tries. By the clever manipulations of
terminals, the companies force enormously increased
rates, equivalent to the rates charged for vastly greater
h~u l s.
For a long period, the rate on freight from Chicago
to Spokane was the same as frotn Chicago to Seattle
and back to Spokane. For forty years the Southern
Pacific has warred with Bakersfield because that city
re fused to be held up for an enormous sum incident
to the road entering the clty: For· similar reasons a
railroad magnate said some thirty years ago, "I will
make the grass grow in the streets of San Diego," and
the threat was practically executed for years. Similar
instances of railroad tyranny are too numerous to mention and too vicious to endure.
All this will some day pass away and will be remembered by future generations as the barbarous and
savage acts of capitalism.
These are only incidents in the· criminal history of
railroads from whicll humanity has borne a grevious
bur.den at a horrible cost. Combined with and made
possible in many instances by them are also other
combinations, each fastened upon the jugular of our
industrious classes.
It is from these combinations that the people are
fleeing. It is by the tyranny of this fearful power that
we are being forced into new social relations. The
people are literally being forced into each other'!! arms.
They are learning that along the way of mutual ..help
and not strife lies the greatest economic, moral and
intellectual development. How differently we feel
toward our fellows when we find them actually helping us to the things we need. With what tenacity does
this fact make us cling to them. We have all been
struggling each aga:~t the other with hearts of stone
and tongues of steel~ only to learn that our hearts
and tongues are made of flesh to feel and to tell the
story of life.
Whatever. destroys life the heart ·will hate and the
tongue· will curse. If, perchance, one benefits by destroying or absorbing another's life, even then he will
hide it, will close his eyes to it, will deny that his
conduct causes it, but will never face and confess it.
All of which means that the conservation of life is the
premise from which we must start .and not the conservation of extraneous power by which human life is
absorbed and wasted.
What a splendid step toward the conservation of the
lives of the people in this great state would we take
by loosening the grip of the octopus from the throat
of our industries and by opening the way thereby -.the
entire population through the mach.i nery of the state
could unite in mutual service.
Such a step would bring the people closer together
and would make them feel and better und erstand their
mutual interdependence.
What feeling would accompany the state ownership
of railroad and steamship lines and cold storage plants
and markets in our cities, so that our products could
be preserved and freely mo.ved at cost by one great
system with the propelling power as far as possible
shifted from .the shQulders of man to the falling waters?
I think I can see· men of every calling looking ·in to
each other's faces with a welcoming smile and more
brotherly recognition. Can we not see th eir minds opening to an understanding and comprehension of possibilities infinitely beyond this step? Can we not see in
this bill whi:::h has been presented to the present legislature of California the · elements of most vital issues
leading to the growth of great social institutions? In deed are not such measures necessary to their making
and preservation? Has not the time arrived when the
masses of the people must establish an economic foundation upon which a ll may stand with equal opportunity?
How differently 'Ye would then..-feel toward the other!
What a groundwork upon whi ch to build an abiding civilization! Our brotherhood and brothe rly spirit will be
as permanent as the institutions out of which these relations !?row and are sustained.
{Editorial Note-Illustrations in this arti cle are used
by courtesy of the Salt Lake Route.)
�,T he Western Comrade
57
HEROES O .F THE SOCIAL
REVO·L UTION
R. A. MAYNARD
By
BEN HANFORD, in his great
Socialist classic, "Jimmie Higgins," has
immortalized one type of hero of the
: •
,
rHank ahnd. til~ I~ the b~o cialitst re1;oluttion.
e w o 1s Janitor, 1 pos er,. 1tera ure
agent, soap-boxer if occasion require,
.
and general all-round hustler is drawn
so true to life that thousands of comrades
•
· ')
.
have imagined that some particular
"Jimmie Higgins" of their a cquaintance
had been taken as. the type.
The history of the more conspicuous members of the
mo1•ement is too well known· to need discussion. But
there remains still another type of whose triumphs no
poet has s ung. a nd whose virtues have never been extolled save hy personal friends and comrades witl! whom
these have been associated.
These are the m oral and intellectual heroes of the
mo1·ement. Men and women who have triumphed over
moral infirmity or weakness or the lack of intellectual
opportunity in early life, and who, through the insplra- .
tion that Jtas rome into their lives from our great world
eanse. ha ve been brought into newness of life moral:
inte llectual or both.
r have met them and sp <1a~>e you: comrades who
hal'e nnde rgone a veritabl e spiritual and intellectual
regene ration throu gh the e xperience of becoming class<'onscious.
Only a week or two ago a new convert, a well-to-do
business man of middle age, who had just taken out his
red card, was congratulated upon the fact. "Yes," he
repliPd. "but I don't know yet whether mine is a real
(:ase. It seems to me that to be all right, you have to
ge t it like you get religion, and I haven't yet reached
that. stage."
To many this re mark is couched in language not compre he ns ible; to others it will suggest meanings very real
and vital.
At the close of a summer day in the presidential
campaign of 1908 I reached one of the smaller cities of
lllinois, where I was bille d to speak in the eveni ng.
M~- instructions gave the name and address of one
(·o mnlde. On inquiry the information was obtained that
a lockout was on in the paper mills of the city, and
1his comrade, who was a paper-maker, being out of
work, h~d sought It on a farm ten miles out into the
<':ountry.
I aske d if word had been left for me, and receiving
a negative reply, e xpressed my surprise. "Oh," said
my informant upon being told my business. "Never fear,
he will be here in time for the meeting. You can rely
upon that."
ure enough, before the hour arrived he was on hand ,
naving walked t en miles in from tne country after
CJUitting \\'Ork for the day.
After the meeting, in a visit before he took his departure for the return trip, also on foot, I casually inquired: "Comrade, have you a family?" "No," he replied; "that privilege has been denied me. You see,
Comrade Maynard," he continued. "it's like this: When
I became a Socialist I took a vow that so long as I li ved
every dollar that I earned more than sufficient for my
personal expense should go into Socialist propaganda.
I have kept that vow, and I shall keep it to the end."
Soon I parted from him as he set out on his long
,....IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII~~O MRADE
~
C
11
tramp back to the farm. I have never seen him since,
but because of the steady light in his eye and the indefinable quality in his tone as his hand gripped mine, I
am as certain b.e has kept the faith as I am of any fact
within my knowledge.
In the adjoining State of Iowa there is a city with a
Socialist local which once had a se<eretary whose front
name we will call John, since that was not his name.
He was a blacksmith by trade, and was chairman at
the meeting at which r was speaker. His personality, coupled with an unusual grasp of Socialist ,principles and rare dignity and ability as a presiding officer,
attracted .me. On inquiry I found that before becoming
a Socialist he had been ·a drunkard and gambler, but at
that time neither drank nor gambled.
In conversation I asked, "Have you always been a
blacksmith, Comrade?" He glanced at me quizzically
and said, "The comrades have been talking, haven't
they? ·well-never mind; I don't care! No, I have
learned my trade since I became a Socialist. Before
that I was the town drunkard and gambler in this very
town. I became converted to Socialism, however, and
whisky, cards and I fell · out. I have never touched
either since. Now I work at my trade, support my
family, pay my debts, and fight for Socialism. My wife
and children love me, my comractes respect me, so does
the. community, and, what is best of all, I respect
myself."
He added earnestly, "I sometimes dream of what
Socialism will do for the world when it comes, but l
have positive knowledge here and now as a living,
actual reality of what It has already done and still is
doing for me and mine."
In one of the thriving cities of Indiana I once met a
comrade, perhaps fifty years old. He went with me to
my hotel after the lecture and remained for a visit. In
the course of the conversation I learned that his schooling had been limited, for he had been compelled to leave
school , at an early age and before having finished the
grammar grades. He had been a Socialist for perhaps
a half'_Jjozen years, and previous to becoming one his
r eading bad been almost wholly confined to the newspapers.
To my surprise, at the beginning of our talk, be
launched into a discussion of Herbert ~pencer's "First
Principles," then on to Darwin, Huxley, Tyndall, John
Fiske, Dietzgen and Feurbach.
We sat until two o'clock In the morning, when he
apologized for remaining and was about to take his departure.
.
I said, "Pardon me, Comrade, but of what college or
university are you a graduate?" In reply he gave me
the personal information already stated and said: "You
cannot understand what t hese ·few hours with you have
meant to me, it's so seldom that I have opportunity
for such discussion. I am a workin g man- a driver of a
c ity sprinkling wagon, and in an hour or two must go •
to my daily work. In this whole city there is but one"
person, a young woman in the public library, who will
take the trouble to direct me in my reading. Like most
workers. I have known hunger of the body, but, oh, this
hunger of the mind! This insistent demand for Intellectual food without the requisite knowledge or means
to satisfy It! Today I live in a universe of the existe nce of which I had never known save for Socialism.
It will never be mine to live In the Cooperative Com-
�TheI Western Comrade
monw€f<llth-J am too oM-Ibut
dream sDmeti.mes of
wbat Hie woricl will be wben all men and women lhawe
freedom and OJJJiOrtllnlt:r to develop their latent powers
·and fiOSSibiiHie£/ '
In a small yllJage in California I met a young gitrl
.sixwen yean; of age whose i11-bealtll had preiVent.ed
attendance at Echool. She had. however, done wha!l: she
could at bome. :J.ided by the tutoring of her parents, and
her rea~>oning faculties and power of analysis had developed much beyond most girls of her age and opportunity. A.s I wa£ lea vlng her father's house, where I
had IJeen the guest of a night, she said with an intenlilty of emotion before unnoticed: "Do you know,
the amhHlon and as]Jiratlon of my life is to give myself
to the Socialist mo,·ement." I replied: . "Well, that is
uot at all impossible." Do you mean· it?" she eagerly
inquired. "How shall I go aiJout it?" .
After directing her to take a· thgrough course of
reading and study in Socialist literature, I informed
her of a school for girls in one of the cities of California. !Juring the next two years nothing was heard
from l~er directly or indireclly until a few months ago,
wheu. ac<'ompanied hy her· mother, she greeted me at the
do~;e of a leeture in the city c.:ontaining the school.
Arrangements were made to attend some of the
IEc><·r ureR at the school and she he came a member of a
da~>s in puhlll: npeaking. one of the educational features
of a Young People's So<:ialist League. Today· her ambilioll i ~; Oil th e way to realization. At the age of eighteen
she lias del'eloped remarkable power as a speaker, and,
health ponnittin~. Sol'ialist propaganda, state and naliollal, will know ltc•r aud lwr work in the near future.
011rln~ the Ni~ht Hider war in Kentucky I made a tr(p.
through 1 hP Stal e>. and ill many towns was the first
Socialist spt>a i<N. Ill one of tlw small cities in the
Houtli PI'Il portion of the State rile> l ecture was g i ven
from the publi c> sq uare, with th o consent of the mayor.
lnrlc>f'd, rrowli('rP irr all th (' States it has been my privil(•ge to \' i slt hal'e thf' public- oflicials show n the same
d('grPc' of courtesy to Sodalists as in Kentuc·ky during
thi s fi erce llldnstrial war.
At th e cl ose of thiR IN·ttrn•. which was the tirst
~II'Pil in that city. an a ppeal was rna-r.le for m embers.
nlld t IIi ny - fiv e sign('(! applic·at ion cards w ere return ed.
Satisfied that the message gh·en was not r esponsible
for this UllliHHUI nnmher, I took the troub l e to in vesti~ate and was directed to a farmer's wife there present.
"They t.t>ll m e," I said to h er . ''that you are respon sible for the beginning of t he Socialist movement in
thiR town ; tell me about it."
"\\'ell," she r eplied. "I · hal'e n ever b een to school a
day In my life. 1 had l earned to r ead, however , and the
po~tmaster would occasionally gi\·e me an unclaimed
n ewspnpet· or periodical." She went on eagerl y: "One
day h e gave me a t orn copy of an Appeal to Reason. I
read what there wa s of it. wrote to Girard and ordered
the paper sent to my address, and soon was a Socialist.
Th en 1 went aft er ' my old man ." she smilingl y asserted.
"but I cou ldn't get him . l had some boys and captured
two of th em . They and l together finally got 'the ol d '
man,' and then two of my brothers in the neighborhood:
then w e l eft t he farm and set out to capture the town.''
l kn ew the resu l t of the \~ork thus . set in motion. It
had been shown in the hanest that day. "I am the
happiest woman In Kaintuek tonight." she added.
"Think what has come from that torn copy of the 'little
old Appear that found its way to my hands!"
It was Saturday night. Finally I accepted the pressin~< ilw!tation of this sister comrade and h er "old man''
and went home with them to the farm. A tasty. clean,
well-kept home and farm was found. On I ea\·ing. I
thanlred them lor their hosp'itt.ality anrd <eOruiJ!llimented
!!:hem upon tihe condition <Of home and fu.rm. M:Y hostess
remarked: "'It rdi.lin't used t.o be this way. So mans.
many things have changed since I read t.bat torn COllY
of the Appeal."
A way up in North Dakota I once met a comrade, by
profession a lawyer. l[\ ttraveling over one of the transcontinental lines I fell in with, as the traveling companion of a day, an official of the railroad.. In some
way, r have forgotten how, the name of my lawyer comrade, whom I had not yet met but expected to meet on
that trip, was mentioned. Said the railroad official, to
my astonishment and surprise: "There is a man I would
like to see elected as a member of the Supreme Court
of the State-an absolutely honest lawyer."
When I met the comrade I repeated this conversation. "Yes," he replied, "I suppose I could be a Supreme
Court judge if I desired. But-do you know what I am
going to do instead?" U pon receiving a negative answer, he continued: "I think I have accumulated sufficient estate to provide for the maintenance of myself
and wife for the remaining years of our lives. During
the ensuing year I shall convert this into safe securities
and then, in my automobile, give my time and services
to Socialist propaganda. 'Tis the only thing in the
world worth doing."
I met him again the next yea•· and he had kept his
word.
In tne winter of 1911-12, while on the National
Lyceum Circuit away up on the Mesaba range in Minnesota and in the same latitude in North Dakota. there
wa.s ~orne weather floating about; mercury from t w entyfour to fifty-three degrees below zero. Yet night after
night sl eighs loaded with comrades came from fifteen
to th irty miles and r eturned the same night, while other
earn est comrades walked fil'e, ten and fifteen miles
for the l ectures.
Glorious co mrades in a glorious
cause !
One worth dying for and, better ~·et, one
worth lil'ing for- liv ing in the truest. fullest, completest
sense.
_ Mark Twain, in "Captain Stormfield's \'isit to
H eaven," makes the Captain say: "In the matter of
honors in the New .Jerusal em , the prophets take preceden ce oYer the patriarchs." Shakespeare was num bered among the prophets and walked in the procession ahead of Adam , a vatriarch. But e\·en Shakespeare
had to fall behind a co mmon tailor from Tennessee by
the name of Billings. The Captain was asked: "Why
did t h ey throw off on Shakespeare like that and put him
away down behind shoemakers. horseshoers. knifegrinders and tailor s?"
''That,'' ·he r epl ied, ' 'i s the heavenl y justice of it-- they
warn't r ewarded accord ing to their deserts on earth. but
here they get their r i ghtfu l rank.
"That tailor B illin gs from T ennessee wrote poetry
that Shakespeare and H omer couldn't begin to come up
to; but nobod y wanted to print it ; nobody read it but
his neighbors. an ign orant lot. and they l aughed at it.
"Whenever the village had a drunken frolic and a
dance they would drag him in and crown him with cabbage leaYes and pretend to bow down to him, and one
night, when he was sick and nearly starved to death,
they had him out and crown ed him, and then rode him
on a rail about the village.
"\Veil. he died before morning. He wasn ' t eYen expecting to go to heaven. much less that there was goin~
to be a fuss made over him. So I reckon he was
little surprised when the reception he was giYen broke
o\·e;· him."
\Vhat a world ours will be when justice reigns and
merit is the only test in indi\·idual living!
a
�TFne We tezrill ({;(!))II1JzraJdle
JO:E' CANfNO~ ONl POVER'.l1Y
'1' will
ht~ rt"<:alhl ~Jqat
E'X:-F'rres-iclent 'J''a~~t.
w~JI'} 1va~ onr:r~ a~kl'd a rtursti~n, gatiJ!Jeu im.m01'~alifj- through rris al'ilSWer·..
'
,Jor ('mtr~tMt JtN'!'~t~ly ~al'ilg: Fr~ ~'van H{)ng. in
fJH• Nml"l'l!'• f~f ll'hic·h ht• t011k M'<'ll><l()ll ff) tll'li:H\'t>l"
~ ~11• ~a rJili• q a r•s( i01'L
lnasmtwh a~ hofh h•· aJrd. \fr. Taft a1'1• olf tile
siww poli!it·al l';lillr Mul l·llf<·t·tain views in vommmt !lpMl !11df( Mrd ntlwr- 1pw::rtions, tlw radl<·al
difl',·rr·nl· t• ir1 Jlwir· llll!'(~~·,.r·s· to this important fJII!>S- 1ioll i~ il~ ~igflilit•fltJf
II!< IIIII•XfH'I'II'!L
~ni<i
\>lt. ('atttron:
'· 'f'llf• hillllHtl llllilfllll i11 IIIWOfllf'ol'laf.(p WlH'll
I hl'f·t· is ('X I 1'1'11 1!' ]W\'(•J'f ,L I r I W(•f'(' a )'Ollllg' nian
ail<! lr11d 11 wirP 1111d flv•· or· Hix ,.!JiJdn· n, :md tiH·r·e
\i·;rs no l·rrrplo;·rJti·JJt and tlw:.· Wt•J'I• hungry and
Htll r'i'ing. 111'1 priuwnd rnan did . l would talu· \\'ith
11 ~t r'ollg hand IIJrd dlli't• th1·
law. lw<·;nts•· that.
li"<•ttltl lw tlH • onl y 11·n,v to gl'f it. Si n•·{' I •·ot ild
nut ~<'1 it J,,v luhor·. I Woiild 1-{t·l it oth• · r · \l'i~w r·;rth•·t·
rhorr s!IJJ'v •· IJJHI "'''' '''·" C' hildr· "11 sf:r n ·1·. · ·
It wo11 ld 1,,. iJJfpn· st in ~>{ to loiO\\' '"''"' ht ·r ill'
wl•ttld lr tt\'1' g i\'t• JJ t ltil'l HJI !<i \\'t'J' l11 • f'on~ hi s <· or rstit ut' JJts d• ••• idt •d tu ••nd lti s oflit· i;tl l'llf'<•r r . Tit•· mnJJ
11· ith 11 jol1 li l'l•s ill q11itt • Hl illfht•r wor ltl l'ronr th r
I'P llow who il'l jollit· ~~.
l ' rlt'll' .)Ill' rs 1111\\' in tlrt• la11• •r ..Jass willtonl a
1111 ion r•:t rd .
• • •
. THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY
IIILO~OI'IIY di st'O \'P I's that lllnnl\ind is
o.nl'. nn d <' 1\·ili l.n tion ,;onfir·ms th P l'<' l'l'lattotl.
" l<'i r•N t <'Oi llt 's t It,• st•ff.,•ons.·iousness of t h<· indil'ifllllli , tl11•n of !Itt• fnm il,\·, and nftPt'\\'HI'<L sut~
l·••ssin•l\' of llrt• nntiotr nnd t ltr• t'H <'t'. Jlum nni t~.,
h,•g-nltPII a11 Ulls< • lf-eo il~< io11s unit, \\' Hs splintcr·ed
ill(O fl'll<'lJOill'i by Srlf-t'OII/lt'lOliSIH'SS: and histor~r
shmn~ \Is ho w it \'ohtllllll'il,\' t·rco m hinrs until it
lll't'flliWS :t tlllit OIH'I' IIIOi't', 1' \'I' I'Y at Olll 1'011. I' ion.
Hf t hr whole nit<l 1h1• who it- frt•li ng- t hl'ong-h all
)Js (·oHiponrnl pal'tx."
'lll'lli fute: sun11m.aJ1Ty ii· one- e.l! 1ib.e Ullan.ty' Jlt()t
Ito l'>e l'teaurcll rut 11> rrese-ntl. l't01wiing that 111 n.e-' \)l'ltli-pi'L(I)m.y i gli'owiimlg li'e-a~ :lieir" tlhe- hairllt@lllY ob'
UJ.mJiiverrsali <:lh.@IrUS.
Th~ hl!"et1lkfurng olf tine pt"imiitiv umty mtE) ' ~
r.1t~ umiiils tl'Lrlimgh
e-Elf-pr ~rvatro.nr <tn~ eU:com.<:t(l)ru:..<~nes , and the combining of aU ag<tin
into a \"it:arl hole, al" Ute two contiinuou prot'in thf' past and wiU continue to be :in futme
history_
But the ·t• two arc 'Upplemcnhu: ·. not
t•)lSf'S
antagonr ·t ic.
II' WI~ look at evolution iu hmnnn ·ocit·t~ iu
one way, we seem to E'C means t·t•a·l'lc·· ly nt
wor·k to sepat·atc m!'u and hriug out their dislim·! in· qualiti<•. m· indi1·idualitit• ..
LookPtl 11t fr·om another Yiewpoint, unit ~· of
int I' J't•sts anti enlaq,{Pillt'llt of iniPrti epcnd eneP aprwat· t h1• dtiPl' mot if at \\'Ork As a mat!.l' I' of
I' a
1he I ht·ra-dx of <'1l<'h h !rHl Pm•y arl' fo und in
Pl'rr·y nat iim at all tirn<'s.
I'! :
I nity and inlliYiduality are the two <l esi t·ahl l:
fll'o<ln•·ls in human <levPiopmcnt an!l bot h utus t
in•·t' Nist• as 1im P goc•s on.
• • •
A BIT OF GROUND
'J' \\'O IIId hP difficult to Hl'l!OIInf fOI' tlrt•
~)rigin of t~Je <~<'sire t~ dig in th<! gTOtllltl
Jn the spnngtnue winch <'OIIWS to <!V<'t'.Y
Jtor·nra l man .
\\·hrn t'lt r gr·ass hegins to bdw on '"' add ncl
shad!' of g'I'Pf'n, \\'ifh Hd\'1'11( of r·ohin :t nd IIWI'IUOW
lark , th r r·p eo ni<·s a lon g ing to seiz<• spade• or· hoc
and <lig in th r ground .
Tli<·r·t· is som<·th'ii1g in th<· ahoun<ling life of Ute!
spring! ill ll'. that awa),rns a df'sin! in t he hea t·! of
nw n to aid nat ut ~ in hrr· effor·t fo PXpr<~ss h e rs<~ ]('
in lt•H f. aml hlossorn and fruit. 'I'IrP dPsir·p is 1111douht<·dly H sun•iYal ftom thP JH!t·iod wh<'n agTi c·ultur<' was mHn's <·hi<•f _CWI'Upatimr.
.Ta1·k London in his famous •·lassi(·. ·'Tiw Call
of tlw "' ild. '' :,Jwws 11w infhwrw1• of •·m·iromn Pnt
"'
�The Western Co mr a de
over the nature oC a d<w and its power to cause
rcVt!rsion to tnimitive type. So l\;tb civilized
man, his savagt! im1tim:tli are not obliterated, onJy
~~ontrolled in ttwir t"XI·r•·i!w. · and eD\·ironment is
thc~ controlling Cadm·.
lu:tur'1J man to hi11 pl'iu~itive environment and
itWrl.! JH 1'1~\'I'I'Hlllll ,
.
) fan a111l tmvimiHII•'Ill it is these that have
I'I'C?ated 1·ivilb;aliou. ThJ·ough th~ action and readimt or tlw two Jll(lJI has he•m lifted higher and
fl\'r•t' ltif,(llf•t' iu ttw st·;al•• of manhood.
Hut, w!Jatevm· the origin of the desire to dig
iu 1h1~ f.ri'CJIJtHl in t 111~ spl'inl{timP, it is not an evidl ' "''' ~ of t·t~VI!J'sion to iuclulge it. A hit of ground
wlrc•J'I! 11111~ 1·aJJ J.wt dose to I hr· soi l, where day by
dfl,r tlrt• llllfaflrornahl'! pro•·•·s>ws tllr_o ugh whi ch
Jlllllii'P I'X pn•stw's tJ,,. Sl!l' l'l't at her· hea rt may be
Wllh· lrc •cl a11d uoU~cl, and t hr·ough which he is
111adn to f'l:f•l llis 1wcrr• ·ss with IH!J' and with her li fe,
is a ruosf l)l' ll l'fiec•nt fn!'!or iu the life of any man.
"A g; ~r· tl f'll is a l ovt•solne t l1i1 q,l', (;oJ wot!
Hmw plot,
Fr·ill gf'd pool ,
FPI 'II '< l g r·o t'J'h e ve l'i <~st schoo l
Of Jll '!ll'l'; 1111d y l'l. thr fool
('ont cmls t lint Ood is not No t floll! in gnnl cns! wh en the e ve is cool ?
Nr r~·, hu t 1 hav e a s igu;
''l'i s "\ ' I' I'J' s ur·e Oo l walks in min e. "
• • •
THE PRICE OF FREEDOM
Ollt'
ll OHhA
ou ' said: " 'l'o pl ease our
fl'i\'lHls lllld r 1ative \ \"l' t.urn ou t our silver
OI'P in c£u'llond
wh il w e necrlect to "ork
min<•s of ~ ld- lmow u on ly to ourselves, far
in th e :;;i.:ot•t•ns, wh<' J't' \\' l' pull ed up a bush in
om mountnin w nlk nnd aw the glitteri ng tt·ca 1\1'1'. l J<'t ns 1' t um thither·: let it be the price of
1 Ill' l'l't•cdom to mol\(' that known."
1\Tt•n nr pr n t think wh u rem mbering the
11p
rend r d by n fe w h roi . onl that they
of dift'ct•t•nt eln ~· thnu th a\·crage, or had
~omt- , l t't•inl nU ftH' th ir \\'ot·k. Of cou r
the
w t•ld hn' had it g<'uin~t·~ . hut great t•t•form
d'l'\'i '\'
Wt'l'l'
have for the mo part not come through th e.
~hey have usually come through person of ordinary ability whose only peculiar trai ha>e been
steadfastnes of purpo e in follo"-.ina all the truth
which their own heart had revealed to them.
These ha' e been men who could not be intimidated by popular clamor nor cowed into ulmission by the good-natured content of fri nd .
No speciaJ geniu · i claimed for the early antislavery· leaders; they imply recogniz d an ~·il
that thousands of other al o aw and differed
from these others in that they gave their heart.
and lives to the effort to right the wrona.
Columbus' claims to the original discovery of
America may be undermined. It may be prov n
that he possessed a l'_nowl e<lge of preYious di ·cove ries. But t he world can n ever overvalue th e
moral gmndeur which lay in the persistence and
unyielding determination with which · he acted
npon the tlteor·ics and rum ors which others pa d
li ghtly by.
'
Fidelity to t he truth of one's own heart, loy.
a lty to the high est voice whi ch speaks, is the pri ·e
of fr·eedom. Nothing short of the rich gold ore
away up in the Sierras of our hearts will satisfy
the demanJ mad e upon us . \V e must g iv e of OUI'
hPst; the cnrt loads of si lver ore will not suffi ce.
H c gets most f rom life who g ives most of himself.
~aid H erb ert Spcn cC I': ''Not as adventitious
will the wise man r cgar·d t he faith which is in
him . '!'h e high est truth he sees he will fearl essly
utter·; knowing that, let what may come of it, hi'
is thus playin g his right part in t he world- loJ O\\'·
in g that if h e can effect t he change he aims at.
well: if not, well also, thoug h not so w ell. "
TOUCHING THE BEDROCK
JSP.-\TCH from Dayton during th e fioo<) :
" ~r one,v can't bur anything, a man
with :'1.000,000 t·on l<l not hu~' a lo:tf
of bt·cad but he could get at the l'elicf
stations a many lo:n<•s as he necd<'d for his
fam ily. In en!'.'' sN·tion of the: city therf~
arc long bread line. t·omposed of the wellto-do and the poor. th~· well drl's. ed and t!JI'
�The Western Comrade
61
c.
ragged, waiting for supplies of food. There
is no food on sale.''
Rather whol esome once in a while to find out
the difference between a piece of gold and a loaf
of br ead, is it not?
The big problems of the world will be settled
finally only as we learn the difference between
what satisfies real ~ncl the things which have
no genuine valu e.
·
The workers must be the fulcrum for the moYing of the world, because they are the necessary,
bread-giving, sheltrr-supplying factor in social
li fc.
'' i\foncy c:muot buy anything." It never cat..
huy anyt hin g worth having unless labor has produecd the something.
Let us think thi s 1:hrough to the end!
DEMOCRACY'S NEXT NEW TOOL
HE Kcw York Sun pertinently ash:
''Does government by the people, Hepublicau-Dcmocratic self-government, mean
in municipal affairs this foolishness, this
wast e, this rule of savages, this constant and inevitable intestine war of departments and heads
of departments, this li.rjjgering death of civic
pride, activity and hopefulness to which the Roman munieipia of the empire show the on ly parallel ? Arc the kindli est, sympathetic foreigners
r ight in believin g that her e is w here government
by t he people has ''broken down 1'' Can Americans rule soberly and sanely a little town by town
meetings, a county, a state, a federal government,
hut not a city?"
If t hi s were simply the opinion of one editorial writer it might not be worthy of attention.
But there is scarcely a thoughtful student of municipal government who would not agree with the
writer. 1\{any would not confin e their opin ion
to municipal governmeot alone. 'l'hey would dc('lare it equally true of all representative government as at present administer ed.
It is emphatically not tru~ that democracy is
a failure . For democracy,- save ·in town meetings, has n ever been tried in this country. It ·
prohably neve r will be for the r eason t hat be-
yond the boundaries of a township it is not pra:<!ticable.
There is, however, a form of representation
very near democracy that is practicable to city,
state and nation. This is proportional representation. During the past month the voters of Los
Angeles came very .near adopting it in their city
government. Had the plain people who had most
at stake in its adoption r eally understood, it
would now be a part of Los Angeles' charter.
Through its use most if not all of the evils of
which the writer quoted complains would be eliminated. Every official would be made personally
responsible to some group or organization of voters. Elections would cease to be games of
chance as now. The best uses of parties would be
secured without their abuses. Minority r epresentation gives full publicity before action and
makes wiser action c:ertain.
Justice and civic righteousness will not prevail until industry is socialized, hut every step by
which Labor can make itself felt will improve:
conditions.
Pi·oportional representation is the n ext new
tool democracy will USP to proYc t hat it is not a.
fn ilur·e.
FREEDOM AND A JOB
HE Santa Fe Railroad Company, it is
claimed, compels its flagmen in Los Angeles
to work long hours-often fifteen hours a
day.
One of the men thus employed was a Socialist.
When agitation was begun for the passage of Soeialist Assemblyman Kingsley 's eight-hour bill,
this man, exercising what ~e conceived to be the
right of every freeman, circulated a petition for
signatures.
But, he neglected to consult his master in the
matter. As a r esult, to u se his own language, "I
was canned quicker than I ever knew a man could
be canned.''
Jobless at sixty-three! Because he did what
any true man would do to retain his self-r espect.
And this in our great free republic! This in a
�Th e West-e -r n Comrad e
'7
G.!
state where the high-water mark has been reach ed
in political dernocr·acy!
Yet how fr·ee was this man . Failing to cou;;ult the iuterest of his form er master; choosing
the rather to sen·c his own interests and those
o[ his class ; he is 11ow ft'<'t~ to look for ·another· joh
a11tlnot fi11dillg ii, to star·1·e or stt!al.
This the system and this the. fr·eeJom which
all s;l\·t· the ~oeiaJists wonlJ p _drpetuate. Antl
this is not an isolated <·a~l' - 'tis one ol' many.
]s it !lOt -H]lJHll'Pllt thl'll t!J at l' l' t~l'Y J'OI'l1l of'
l'n·eJonl will lJp hut lllot·k<·l·.v to th e 11·o rkPl'S until
industrial f1·t·t·do1n has l11•<•n won!
.
• •. •
THE HERO IN DEMO_CRACY
II E prizt•ll'illll\'r 111 dt•lltOt'l'HL'Y is e1·er th ,•
lllilll in t-he rnnl\s. l>Pmocr·a<·y means tills
o1· 1wthi11g-. lndt·Pd, history writ large is
i11e story of t ~~~ doll'lllnost mau eom in g into
l:is o\1'11. 'l'hP populat·P may . ha1·t~ shouted its ;1•·
•·liiinls for thC' t•patrll'ts, l'o1· tlw _lf'aders, hut till'
r<·iil prizt· has 1'\'t'l' htdongt·d to the t·omlnon ma11.
Throngllout tht• agc·s in t lw r 1·olution o[ SO·
•·it·fy ;Jnd flit • growth of fh<' stall', 11·idl'r and ev<'l'
\\'id<·r has t lit· door ht•,•n opt•nPd for· th e Plltl·an•·"
nf' 1ht· •·omliJOll mnn int o all lift' 's af1'ail·s. l•'r011 i
out flit· Jnists of thc· ages laq~t ·r at;d lal'g'PI' hns !ti;-;
fig-lll'l' loonll'd 011 tlH• II'Orld 's horizo11.
J It· hns hP Pil t·OlllJWIII'd to strug-).d<· for tht'
flllss<·ss ion ul' his 11irthright, l11tt the IH'<·f'ssary
sf l'tq.!glP fo1· P<H·h stH·cPssir<· g"ain has hut pl'Ppnr c~d
l1iln for storming the next c·itadt'l that opposed his
II I'Og'l'l'SS.
'\Vhat though n111rh in immediate gnin h as g'Onc
to rulers in powe r or· to pow<•t· behind rulers, his
lias t'l'<'l' bel!lt the real Yiet.ory.
Th<• laws of the mjivcrse are so fmmcd that it
IIIIlS! 11ceds he so. 'l'itc triumphs of justice aucl
dt·mocr·nc·y He .all for· him .
Th n <·ommou man has not. ·yet eome into his
o11·n. ln the future, hpwcve t·, tlt cr·e will come 11
day wh en h e shall stand nn uuc rdwncd king on
th e cn rtlt. In that. day, h e shall set forth with a
manhood greater than any -the earth has yet
known as his goal.
\V h en all earth 's battles for freedom have b een
won then shall he enter into his full heritage.
In that day he will be ldng.
• • •
THROUGH OTHERS' EYES
HE color _of passing events is determinetl
largely by the eye '.vhich observes. 'l'hey
shine by reflected ligiJt. 'l'hc sense of ·Yision and the m echani. m of the eye docs uot differ mat erially in differ·ent persons. Yet the thing
s<·eu tak es on as many different fo'1·ms as th e
muHlleL' of observing ('yes. General characteris! ies may, an<l often do, remain th e same; but
t ~~ ~~:~ --i~ a ~rid e divergence ip details.
lt causes a feeling of lonesom eness often, 1rhcn,
as at. this sPason of the _year·, oue has givl'n himst'l[ C'OIIlplPte]y to th e en joyment of the Spring
ntornin g to realize that there is no other CYl'
on em·t h seeing exact ly the same morning.
The lon eliness of a uowded city street, 11·hen•
tht' Pye g r eets no fat·e other thnH a strange one.
is the supcr-Jati1·e o[ loneliness. Yet there is a
s<•nse in 11·hich h e 11·ho has most of human association still lives a life oi isolatiou. The sense of'
isolation 11·hich t.hc tru e artist or p oet is <·olltpell ed to feel in the anrage community is of' this
l'hantd c t·. 'l'he knowledge that ~I'C know and l'an
l\11011' littl e of the real innee life or· self of thos<'
nPa1·est and clearest sometimes comes ho.!!1e 1rit:lt
a tPlTihly depressiJlg- c•fff'd.
\Ve mny HumlH·r our f1·ic•nds hy the seOl'P o1· b~'
1li t• t housan<l, nnd yet t lwr1' a1·c IJOne II· Ito know
us or· rnu Jmo11· us as we krw11· oursl·h·f's. Sonw
t·an t•ntt•r more appt·ec iati,·cly into ou-t· liYt·s il1all
others, hut the difi'Cl'Pnc·e is one of clr~l'l'l' only.
In the Yct·y natm·c of things mueh of th e life
of cve 1·y inclil'idunl must he of this isolated chnradrt·. There is no esrnJW from it. In ]argr meas1tl'e each is cori1pcll cd t o nse h}s 01rn sense of 'l'ision and to sec with It is own eyes. Yet there is
such a thing ;1s seeing throu gh others' eyes. :\Tnclt
�The Western Comrade
of' tl1e wr·ong a nd injus.h1·P in t he world ari e.
f'rorn ttw fad that ft•W pc•oplc posses-s the. ability
or tiH· disposition to Sf'l' through others · Pyes.
:\lort• tl1an th i!i!. tht· nt >~t majority of human hein!!>~ >!!'!'Ill •·oniP tlt to st·P onJ_,. t hrorq.dt t lwir· own
P;\I!'S>. T h<·? h;n't• no d Psi r·•• to S!'f' otllf'rw isP.
Tlu: lllP II and ~v<1men who lrii\'P ll i<h•!L most m
tht· wol'ltl'l'l progr·ps>f. lro\\'f'YPr·, ha ve not hP<'ll of·
this d nss. Tlwy hll Vf' hrPn or t hOS!' who Wl'J'f'
al,Jr to !' TI II' r apJH'rf'intivf'ly into th r lin·s, not onl~.
ol' fr•it•rHls nnd nssot·iatt•s, hut of ~ll lii nds and
I'Ondit ions of Ill I'll nnd womf'n. To antir ipat r th i·i t·
ll f'f'ds and lll HOIIl f' lllf'H SI II'f' (•OJilfH'!'}H•nd th!•ir·Jin's.
'I'!Jis tlw.v t·o1dd do IH'I'llllst• poss<•ssin g th l' ahility
I o Ht·•· I hroll g h th eir Pyes.
Thi~ powPr , t·itht>r IP illJWI'fl lll!'lltal or a!'quir·l'd,
dl'l t·r·min .. s p P rh:~p s mor·p tlrnn th e p osspssion o[
any ot htT, I h1 · d PgTI 'I' of llsP I'ulnc·ss of C'\'Pry t·it izt•rJ to hi s dny and gPnPrntiOJJ. \Vh ct hPr nature
has or· lw s not lwf'll g'l 'll f' J'Oli S in I his rPI!nl'll, it is
worth t·llllii·H tinl-!. Tht•n· is 110 hc•ll!'l' t' l'irlPnt•f' of
,.ulllll'f' . Jlo JHlSSI'ssion ll'llit·lr t·nn lll'ill l! to onr's
111\'ll lift· g- r, ·:111 ·r sntisfn,·tiorr ;nHl •·orrlt•ntmPnt thnn
fill' ;r}li Jil ,l' lo Sl'l' f}II'Oil!.!ll Of }I I' I'S. P,Y!'S.
• • •
A BANKER'S FAUX PAS
~ J ():-;'J'
:tlllllsillg irH·idPnt was lh;rl wlrir·h
Or'I'III'J'r•d i11 Los Arrg·p Jps \l'h CI'f' I lw oppollt 'llls ol' !-iol'inlis111 l't'!'!' lltly me t. in <·o11 fcrl' lli't'· II! :ll'l':tll /.!1' !'or n pol it ir·HI II Ilion i11 t lrP t'Oillirr g' ,•it _,. ekr•t il!ll .
Th e !'h:tirJII:tll nl' t ht• 1111 '1·1ing was a pr·orninPn t
ltnrrl\ pr·r•sld<'lll who is :rs ;rl'r·<tid of a :-;o<·ialist as
is :1 lll Ot lst' ot' a ,.;.tl. In assuming- thP post· of
rJra il'111:11l to Jll't•sidl • 01'<'1' lhP hrtcrogenPO \lS li1PSS 1
this fi ll:tll r·.i:rl 11111 1!1WI P ld. lh<' eat out. of the hal!
\\'hrn hP tlt-r·lan•d I hut lh t> li Pt'\.'S. ity for the grttogP I lwr· Ponfpr'l'iH·P was dtl!' to thr fnet that thr
good -rr:lllll' and fair·-fanH' of thr city was s<•r iOilsl ~· nh•rmr•r•d lry thP dangPr of So<'inlist success.
'l'h P stu ndpnt HPpuhlil'<llls, D r mor' l'HI.. Prog'l'c•ssi l' t•s. Liquor· a11d Tt'111(WJ':li1Pe HH!ll all nrust
I'OIIlc• to tht• l'•'S<'llt' of I h<• "'r· hosPn of I he Lot·d "
from the awful menace of ociali m. Tbi . wa
soJt>mnly announced a the chief rea on :for the
unnahrral union.
Xow while e' •et·y intelligent itizen knew thi ·
as the sole r ea on for the attempt to cramble the
in<·ongruous element , they had uppo ed that the
IPadt•I'S would haYe ufficient en e to attempt to
di ·guise the r eal moti\'e.
\YhateYcr admit·ation one may have for t.he
honesty and sincerity of th ' banker chait·man
it must he c·oncedcd that h e earcely po e se
the r·r qnisite qna lificlltions for a uccessful politic·ian.
Likt• the lt·ishman's parrot, he talks too
hlauwd 1~111dt.
• • •
POLITICAL ACTION ACTS!
1•' anyon e f•\·er doubted tliC power of votes,
the fiutter in the I;os .Angeles chicl\en coop
th e fi1·st wrel\ in April should haYc tau ght
i If: lesson.
\\'h at. a lru1·ly hur·ly ol' t·at·i<IPs. t·t·ows and
llapp in ~ win gs !
\\'lrn t , oh wha t \I'O tlid lrapp!•JJ if oi l and ll'alcr·
did not g-et promptly tog-Pt lr r·r· and mix in a hPnll 1il'11l Prnulsion.
" 'l'lrt• r·Pd p r ril " -holl' it·. hlttr·r·"d a I I issu es
lw!ll't't' ll hb~t·k and ,\·hit .. , fish o1· foil' I, I lw bcni~rlrt Nl and I Ir e elc•d !
It has hPen n. !Jc·autifu l I'X Iiihit of hl't!llrrPII
dm•lling tog-ethnr in unity.
·ln!·idPnlall,v. all th e nPar Socialism that. !'!lllid
lw lnll'! rislr cd up for th e oceasion lias hcen p11t
11p in PXI1ih it. E\' cr·y ca nd idate who ·~ou ld claim
<Ill~' "o r·igin nl SociHlist ' ' traditions hn.s lrt•Pn
11JOJ't• an1i lahl !' hec·a use thPrcof.
0, it has h e<'n a merry t · in~ us !
J f it \\'(•J'P not that thri:e is r·Ntl wol'lc to hP
douP, it II'Ould ], p rath er inter·(•sting to Jet thPsf'
t·hildr·r·n dnne<' awhile to t hP , ' oeialist fidd le.
As it is, if the imitation makes a pr<'tty show,
th<' r·pa) thing ,,·ould nctually get n·srtlts and
mal\!' ];os .\ng-rles a eity to lf'acl tlw world.
Sw·c·e. s to th e .'oci11list tir kPt!
�61-
The Western Comra-de
PUYS: PLAYmS"PLAMifi
By
MILA
TUPPER
WHO ARE THE MODERNS IN DRAMA?
who write at the present time are not
necessarily modern. Their work might
oft n have heen done from two generations to two centuriei! · ago.
It is not easy to de'flne the qualities
which make a work dis tinctively of today
and for today.
As hley Duke thus defines this subtle
differ nee : The moderns arc distinguished from the mob of authors in their own
pe riod, he atnrms most clearly. "It is
Rimply that they are ln touch with or ht advance of the
thoug-ht of their own time; that their work breaks new
path M. offers new forms and modes of expression; that
the men aud women they create do not merely reflect
th conditions under which they live and the spirit of
their age, hut arc dynamic, developing. continually of1' ring a criticism of those conditions, and so projecting
I h m H eh~>s into the future and making history. •
A bov a ll, tho persons of the drama must be engaged
not only in being but becoming. The Jlnal curtain must
see them changed. Both they and the audience must
ha v learned something. They are ·the transition men
of a t ransitlon period, the bridge between yesterday and
tommTow."
This all has meaning, it will be noted, only as one
l'! eoA society a~:~ a growing, branching, blossoming lifen great whol growing by the upward-pushing energy
of a ll its parts.
So possess d of the idea is Dernar:d Shaw that it is
th e t•ssp n e of his re ligion, which to him is not at all a
jolw . In d adly earnest he says that a man is in the
world to co-op rat with the onward urge of social
gr wth, and thnt the spirit which prompts such effort
is th Dlvln H a ll t.)i-w hich gives all things meaning.
This is the one "real game" worth the playing in a
unlvers which is on the side of the "good game," as he
JHits it in "13lnnco Posnet."
Th method by which this push from today to,vard
tomorrow is s cur d Is not essential. In the drama It is
•1ft. n conn ct d with the naturalist technique. Any meth od, n w ot· old, which holds with dramatic power is mod('l'n. provld d it is rooted in the vital life of today and
r n h s out to an approaching future. Usually this will
mean n !if struggle of some kind, and the more closely
thl Is knit with sentjal factot·s in progress, the more
truly mod rn th play.
To th
o inllst, th most es entia! forces are those
whi h make for Labor's -growth in solidarity. Hence
th pia· w nwnlt nr tho e revealing this mighty force
in its mighty pot ney.
--~~~!!!!!!~LL
~.
* •
...
...
...
THE EASIEST WAY
plaY wliich wa
t11e sen sat ion of the • ew Y'ork
t' o : ar. ago has been among us-Eugene
;v alt r' "Th Ea ie t Way."
'l'bl
I a bit of d liberate propaganda. Its author
" onp-box r" in the New York campaign of a
ago. He found a means for reaching a wider
MAYNARD
audience. Incidentally, he found a way to fill bis empty
purse.
It ·is hard to trace the origin of the present phenomenal agitation regarding the white slave trade. But not
least of the countless agencies by which society has
been forced to f_ace its industrial CI!-USC is this play.
With the precision of a surgeon probing a festering
sore, Walter shows the ease with which the wrong path
is entered, the liorrible difficulty of keeping in the right
path. With such skill is the work done that few plays
of the generation offer such opportunity to the actors.
Unfortunately, the play ends just where "the easiest
way" becomes the most horribly hard way the universe
contains. While this is implied, the average imagination cannot picture in its grewsome horror the hell at
the bottom of the abyss to which the "easy" way leads.
The play is a straight economic gospel, but it is also
very strong dramatic art. A young woman who has been
supported in luxury for some time by "a friend,'' meets
a young Western man willing to overlook the past while
both start anew. The girl attempts the. task of selfsupport in New York City, knowing nothing but the stage
and debarred from that by the machinations of the discarded lover. After a hard struggle she gives up.
A few weeks later her Western lover, whom she has
not enlightened, appears with a fortune and a marriage
license, only to find that the girl who welcomes him
devotedly has lied to as well as betrayed him and he
leaves her to a fate all too apparent.
The work is well done. You see the girl's struggles
in all their sordid bitterness- the strenuous landlady demanding overdue rent, the diet of milk and crackers, the
surreptitious eating in a room against rules, the ebbing
pennies from the last valuable pawned , the final surrender to what seemed the inevitable.
It is all easy to understand, easy. to pity in sympathetic heart-break-but cause and effect are not pitiful.
The girl pays the price none the less. She weakens
in character, coarsens in spirit until she is utterly unable
to tell her lover the truth. The toboggan slide to complete inferno is easy to predict after the fall of the
curtain.
The lesson is taught plainly enough and the play
avoids throwing any glamour over the path of least
resistance. In this it differed from "The Escape," a
play recently "tried out" in the West and now playing in Chicago. Here an ignorant girl escaped the
slums and after years of support in a luxurious flat
emerges a fine, intelligent, strong character, full of
ideas and high purpose, and marries a broad-minded
physician.
It is a miracle play since by no law of rhyme or
reason could the results be obtained. Almost as fearful and wonderful is the play's chief presumptionthat the people of the slums s hould not be allowed ·
to marry.
Truth to character and the natural development of
real people is th~ essential elen:ent in -the drama, and
Eugene Walter has not missed the mark. He has
"counted it crime to let a truth . slip." A great work
is the result.
�The Western Comra
A
e
M~n
or
a
System?
uRu:therf'ord!. aiHI Son."' by Githa Sowerby is a drama
which! has attracted! mm h attention. iii book: fo.rm..
England it has been a ])£ono1l!Ilced! sueeess, and! add a
woma.II1ro the Jist of notable ell'I'Teiit d!ramatists. Moreoveu she fs a yol!l!Ilg woman
her earbr twenties and!
writes wit,b a sure gnp and sternt maturity. which
the crities are pleased to term ''lnasclllina• t o th
m
in
point or genins.
The play pictures John Rutherford as hea.d of a
manufacturing concern for which he has worked with
a devotian: and narrow fixity of purpose which crowds
everything else out or his life. In one way or another
he ruins the life of each of his children .until his
autocratic brutality ha driven eyery one from his hom
except a daughter-in-Jaw and her child a baby boy.
This mother of the babe makes a bargain that she
and the child shall be supported for ten years and then
the boy will belong to his grandfather, "For," she says,
" in ten years""you will be an old man and not abl to
make people afraid of you any more."
The offer is · accepted and the old fanatic seems
quite content since there is to be but one to inherit
the business and keep intact its greatness.
This old ogre of parental tyranny seems almost too
abominable for human shape. The play is written in
such prosaic, naturalistic fashion that symbolism seems
out of the question. Yet what could better express the
effect of commercialism upon all humanity than this
picture or a father whose' very breM I!) a curse?
One son is 'despised bemwse he is a pre·acher ancl
he feels that through.·his father's influence a ll the com munity regard his work with secret contempt.
Another son makes a discovery important in the
business but is robbed of it by his father.
A daughter is driven from home into white s lave
paths.
.,.
All in all, in America at least, this Rutherford
resem bles much more t he "System" than he does nny
domestic autocrat ever seen on land or sea.
Remember the name of this girl-Githa Sowerbyyou are likely to bear it again.
• • •
OLIVER HERFORD SINGS THE PRAISES OF'
G. B. SHAW
In the American Magazine ·oliver Herford contributes the follow ing verses on . George Berna rd S haw
under the captain, "Celebrities I Have Not Met." Following are his li nes:
"GEORGE BERNARD SHAW.
"The very name of Bernard Shaw
Fills me with m ingled mirth and awe.
Mixture of Mephistopheles,
• Don Quixote, and Diogenes,
The Devil's wit, the Dan's romance
Joined to the cynic's arrogance.
Framed on the· Pythagorean )llan,
A Vegetable Souperman.
Here you may see him crowned with bay
The greatest playwright of his day;
Observe the look of self-distrust
And diffidence--upon the bust."
• • •
SPRI NG
- Photo by MQffitt.
· Florene() Reed
St~n·ring
in "Tne E,a siest Way."
"For it's spring! the willow tells us; and it's spring
the blossoms say,
And It's spring! the warm sun carols as it wakes the
·
early day.
·
1
But you'd know if all were silent, by your new heart's
glad r.e frain."
�,
The We ·stern
li(,
By
EMANUEL
Comra ~ e
JULIUS
. ROBERT MINOR AND HIS BLUNT CRAYON
I'!!!!!!!!~!!!!!!~~ HE
ca rtoon has "center stage" these
days. In fact, it has· the entire stage,
iucluding all a1·ailable _spotlights and an
ex tra 1ow or f ootlights: It is the whole
~ show. and, ftom all appearances, threat~ ens to hold Its position for many and
many a day- oh. for a long, long timeat least a year.
The cartoon is a . popula1: form of
Art. Many newspaper editors are little
con<'erned oYer "star" r eporters, snappy
"feature" writers, profound editorialists, "sob sisters"
and o1·erworked "funny fellows." Give them a good
eartoonist and their joy i s unlimited. A cartoonist i s
a better editorialist "than a dozen Brisb<tnes. One person in a huudred may read an ed itorial; everybody
"reads" c·anoons.
Th ere's th e difference- cartoons
"~p t ac·ross."
!'lease r em ember, I am _speaking of good
C'arloons.
And. hav inl': spoken of good eartoons, l feel that this
i~ the psyc hologic-al moment to ring in the name of
nobert Minor, .Jr.. the St. Loui s Post-Dispatch's matinee
idol. It has taken him but a few ~· ears to become
world-famous. I·:Yeryhody l<nows l\'linor and his rough.
blunt <·rayon.
In the i\!arch i ss ue of "Cartoons" appears a brief
article by l\1 in or on "Cart oous. the Slang of Art." S ian ~.
says 1\l in or, i s the most suc<:essful mod e of expression.
"The eartoon is fascinatingly simple a1id its appeal per suas i ve l.v dire<:~ ," 1\l in or remarks.
Th e C"artoonist and short-story · \\Titer haYe on e
thing in c·ommon: thf'Y striv e heroically to u se only such
material as will enabl e them to emphasize the theme.
Anything unne<essa ry-e1·en a single crayon-st r oke or a
si ngle word- dare not he used by a good cartoonist or an
artistic short -s tory writer. "Leave out everything you
<·an!·· exclaims th e cartooni st. "Don't say too much!"
cries th e 1niter. All of which m ean s that the modern
writer must not be a sl a1•e to detail. So, instead of
hccoming co mplex, mod ern art is striving for simplicity- and attaining it. What you d on't say I s even
more important than what you -do say. To l eave out.
to eliminate embarrassi n g d etail i s more difficu lt than
to put in an overdose of non -essential s.
William Hazlitt, in his interesti n g "Table Tal k,''
t ells of Denner fini shing his unmeaning portraits with
a mic roscope, -and without being ever weary of his
fntitless task. Denne1· was not an artist in the true
sense of the word. To magnify an object t.o reproduce
each wrinkle . hair and speck is a sign of patience. care
and industry, but no indication of genius. It i s not
enoug h to m er ely place the mil'l'or up to nature.
Emerson, in his wond erful essay on art, says the
painter should give the suggestion of a fairer creation
than w e know. In other words, Emerson tells u s to
value the expression of nature. and not nature h erself.
In a portrait, says our seer, he must inscribe the char- .
acter, and not the features.
T
Robert Minor, ..ir.
Mere reali5rn is 'not art. To say otherwise would
lead one to the con clusion that the photograph er 's
,:arnera is one of the highest mediums of art, for it
<.loes . in truth, mirror nature's most minute details.
And now we come to Minor's blunt crayon. Says
Minor:
"When I u:;e a large, blunt crayon it is not for the
sak e of the appearance of the lines, b ut because it
forces simplicity-for you cannot draw tedious details
with a big crayon ."
*
*
•
The reader may, at first thought, conclude that it
is an impertinence to talk of a cartoonist in a "Books
and Reading" department. I believe a person may
discuss cartoons and still have in mind a phil osophy of
literature. A cartoon i s expression. Literature is ex pression. The difference is not in expression but in
form; that is all. J:;ach has its bearing on the other.
•
•
POOR DAVIDSON
In speaki ng of ''The New Poetry," last moni.h, I said :
"John Davidson, .T_ohn Hall \Vheeloclt, ami a half dozen
others, including a few Americans , are writing poetry
that is new- - " Of course, I meant to say John
?llasefield instead of John Dal'idson. My typewriter de-
�The Western C o mr a t:Fe
By
E L E A N OR
THf._; COMJ. G MOTHERHOOD
It
t ak r.< J; r ro l Jl f t'llJ; t h t o t rai11
T o 111odtr11 .~n·;·icc yo ur all c~s lra/ bra i11 ,
T o li f t t{,,· Wl'igft l o f tlu: 111111 11111bcr cd •years
Of dead m nt'r fw/li /.1. lllr tfw ds. cmd i deas ;
'! o /w id f lra t />ark <.Jith ow: ha11d a11d .SII/'I•ort
ll'itft tire otllt'l' t/11! ••·cal: ,<!cps of tire , ,.,,. thoug lrt
-Gilma11.
J;=~==~:I HlS
Vet'y well expr esses the predicament
modern motherhood. Beh ind i t lie
"the wei gh t of the unnu m ber ed years,
dead m en's h abits, methods, and ideas,"
t he idealization o f th e indi vidual mother ,
of duty limited t o family. And these
confuHe an d r etard the development of
the newl y a wak en ed social sense. B eforp i t . equall y c-on f usi ng because of
t hei r ne wn ess an d i mmensi ty, lie the
co nditions t hat 1end to war d a social
m otherl10od --a mother hood r icher a nd stronger than
th e old a!l th e oak i s gtron ger than th e acorn from
w hich it spra11 g.
It has Ko long bcPn th e ac·cepted v i ew that a m other
f ldflll cd lwr obl igat i ons to a "T" if sh e kn ew how to
•·tJO k. waHhed t hP babips' fa ce' s thoroughl y, kP;Jt father's
!lOt k H d a l' ll !o'tl w el l. and always · wore a cheerful smil e,
that It Is I"Prlta bl c her esy to suggest a change or an
II11JH'orP1l1Pilt. This in spi te of the fact that ou r dally
l ife r c 1·eal H th e fac t th n l t he old con ce ption no l onger
fully He n·el'l its purpoRe.
Th e idPa sti ll c l ingR th at th e mother i s n eeded n o1\' il er c ex c·ept in th e famil y. though t he famil y occasion a lly suft"pr s from pt om aine poisoning, th e r esul t of
<• a tltl ~ ca nn ed gooll M, whi ch mother didn't cook ; th ough
Ht oeltingH are made o f suc h shoddy materi al th at darn-
or
c•ell" ed m e. That uoesn't m ean Davidson's poetry i s
l.Jad -IJ~· no m ean s.
But Davidson is not among t hose
w ho "nre writing poetry,'' because, poor fellow, he did
som ething drasti c four or fil"e years ago- he died.
• • •
UTIL I TARIANISM
'Ther e a r many intelligent persons who are proud
o f t h eir utllltarianism . A thi ng should justify it s exi st ence hy " doin g som ething concrete, useful and neces sary." Such Jlei·son s look on Niagara Falls and igh:
" Ah . see th e good horsepower going to waste! L et ' s
harn ess the power and make i t work for us."
'fhat . in a word, i s the philosophy of t h e utilitar ian.
I (':lilnot agree. I believ e a thing of beauty i s wort hy
o f e xistence nnd admiration even t h oug h it may n ot
o perate a sewi ng machine o r bake a loaf of bread . A
t hing of beauty i s a joy forev, r, exclaim ed K eats. A
thi ng of bt>aut y i s u seful be ause it is beautiful.
'fhe ut ilitar ia n p hilosophy Is as bread to t he stomach .
But w e cannot llve by bread alone. We must ha,·e
som ething f or the soul - music, poem s, Jlictures.
W E N TWORTH
ing t hem i s a t hankless task; though he st reets where
the ~ now play, are so dirty that t o wash
their fAces is a mere matter of form.
•
B.ut this old idea is by no means complete ma ter· of
t he field. The thought, which picture THE mother
as m eeting t he p roblems of. t he world with other
mot hers and with fathers, is growing, if slowl y.
Like all the ideals that have won their w ay onto t he
forum of human achievements, the ideal of social
motherhood comes t hrough many years of painful experien ce. .And though it calls but faintly as y et to a
few women, to a great many it comes a a clarion call,
bidding them face gri m facts . that will not go unh eeded.
It calls t o the wives . of strik ers as the pangs of
hunger grip their little ones and they are powerless
to r elieve them; to the women who see. their little
sisters driven into the str eets becam.e of star vation
wages; to th e mothers who see t he free y oung spil'it
th ey have gi\•en their children cru shed by hopel ess
drudgery for the sak e of profit; to the mothers who ee
sons and 'h usbands and fathers sl ain in mines and
l umber camps and battle fields. To all these it calls
and to millions more.
T hrough the blin dness of many tears they see t he
v 1s10n . But pai n drives tbem sw iftly toward it. Each
mother i s beginning to say, " Alon e I am noth ing.
cannot protect my own children unless I pr otect t h e
ch i l dr en of t he worl d. 'l'he str ength of on e i s bu t a
singl e ston e to be washed away by t he torr ent of expl oitati on . Bu t th_e stren gth or m any i s a dam that
w ill t uni t he torrent f r om i ts course."
And w hen t he torr en t with all i ts s wi rlin g l oad of
l ogs and g r avel and u nder b ru sh i s t urned asi de, t hen
w ill it be time to mak e of t h e earth , whi ch i t has cov er ed, a garden spot beyond com par ison.
• •
"\
ECHOES FROM PASSERSBY
(What I hear d one day w hen I t ried to fill up the
gap of l onesom eness by en terin g i nto the spi rit of
other peopl e's troubl es.)
I n my ci t y it i s an acciden t when on e get s a seat
in a street car. {I suppose i n you r ci t y thel'e are no
straphanger s.)
'Veil, any how, on t his l on esome morning th e acci den t of getting a seat happened to m e. Someone carel essly push ed me into one. A nd immediately J began
to .cheer up. T he worl d di dn't seem such a bad pllice
after all. The weather was fine. And the p eople-but
w hat was th e matter with the people !
H ere are some of the comm ents that floated around :
"Say, look at that two hundred-pounder go through
t he crow d." "Gee, ain't that conductor the fresh guy !"
"Pardon m e, y ou 'r e s tanding on my foot." "That motorman isn't fi t to run a car. H e ought t o be driving a
plow w ith a bell on it." "If the r ails wer e laid straigh t
i t woul dn' t be so hard t o stand up." "It looks as though
some peopl e ha ve just got to gi ve you a shove that
.
�68
The West e rn Comr a de
..
""7
Th e Star of Dest iny
m
By Stanl e y
r.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"'!!~~HE
B. Wil s on
uncle or the first Napoleon once
sought to dissuade him from further attempts at conquest, urging the dangers
that beset such a course. • apoleon
caught his· uncle by the arm, and drawing him to a window, pointing upward,
imp).llsively inquired: " "Do you &ee that
star?"
"No," replied the astonished
pleader. "Well, I da!" exclaimed the
ambitious soldier.
;
The purpcse or this art:Ycle is to direct
the mental vision, through the gloom or greed, and
selfishness, and injustice, and wrong that is too much
with us, to the star of hope, t he star or e nlightenment, the
star of human ascendan cy, the star that s ignals the birth
of a new era for America and mankind-the ever-rising,
ever- brightening star of Socialism.
Look up into the s ky on a clear night and you. behold
two thousand or more sparkling orbs that look like
jew Is set in the grand overarching canopy.
Most of these are suns similar to our own. Many
of tl em a re inconceivably vast in size-probably a thousand times larger than our s un. They look very small
only because of their distance f1·om us.
The nearest one that has been measured is twentyfiv e trillions of miles from us in the measureless de pths
of s pace, and some have been measured that are nearly
forty times a s far away.
These stars are not mer e separate twinkling dots in
space to decorate the sky . Each has a system of worlds
of it s own, and like our own supplies light, beat, attraction and cohesion to its individual system . The heavens
are one immense organized system with intimate relatloiuirups and laws for their government.
Man is by nature a civic creature. He is a creature
of organization. By virtue of this, "all action by individuals toward incorporating their views in laws and
public policy must be through associations or groupings
of indivjduals." Organizatiop implies order. Order implies government.
c
·
The highest social triumph is that which puts government in the hands of all associations, or groups, or
parties affected by it. Th!il best government is that
which best serves the best interests of the human family.
Astronomy is the most ancient of all the sciences.
The Chinese have astronomical annals claiming to go
back 2857 years B. C. Ali down the ages the study of
the heavenly bodies bas been prosecuted as of chief im portance among the sciences-the basis and illumination
of all the sciences.
.
The science of social astronomy is the basis and
illumination of all that is vital to social man.. Let us
cast our eyes to the great widespread social firmament
and conjure for a time wi th tJ1is star of destiny.
It is n ot a freak.
In astronomy there is a vast difference in the
heavenly )Jodies. The planets have fixed orbits in which
they make regular revolutions that do not vary from
century to century. Comets, on the other band, are
very different in their nature. A comet will suddenly
burst into· view, dash around the sun, and fly away into
the unknown realms of space. They have been called
the tramps of the solar system.
For many thousands of years, in an orbit over
three and one-half billion miles in ' length, a great
sends your hat over one ear." "Wish I had a pin to
stick that fe llow to make him move."
"How I would hate to be the car company if this
(•J'owd went after it." thought I.
But have you noticed, for some reason, th e crowd
n ver goes after the car company.
the little lady. "And they don't like it any too well.
It's no wonder they don't, either. This having a cookery
in every bouse is about the most wasteful thing imaginable. How much would the owners of this cafeteria
make, do you think, if they cooked up a little plateful
of stuff in the home of each customer instead of handling it all together as they do here?"
"But the cooking by women for their families bas
nothing to do with economy," was the indignant rejoiner. "They do it for love."
The brown eyes took on that surprising sparkle.
"It's a pity, then, that love should muddle up even
such a prosaic problem as that of cooking."
R
For lunch I went to the usual caieteria. Near one
of the windows sat two women who attracted me by the
striking contrast they formed. So I put my tray on a
tab! near them.
ne of them was heavily built. Her clothes were in
every respect "the latest thing out." Her voice was
affected. The othP.r was a pert little wren, whose
clothes we re not noticeable at all. At least, I didn't
notice them. I noticed only her bright brown eyes,
which were soft and meet one moment. and the next
sparkled with the most surprising mlscbeviousness.
"What is the meaning of tba sign-Metropolitan
ooks' Association?" she asked her large friend.
"Oh, that is an elaborated title meaning Cooks'
nion," was the reply.
"A woman's union?" The bt·own eyes were mildly
lnno~ent.
"Of course. not, Rheta. V. hat a question! How
ould women belong to a cooks' union? A union is a
fighting organization. It fight the people its members
work for. Women cook for their families. They have
nothing to fight about."
"The .P?or ones cook for their families," responded
In the evening I went to the Women's Trade Union
League headquarters. I had no special business there.
In fact, I had important business elsewhere. But yo.u
know what a contrary creature lonesomeness is.
A group of women, among them several of the
marchers in the recent pageant at Washington, were
discussing the treatment accorded the suffragists there,
Most of the conversation expressed high indignation.
"You don't seem to take it to heart as much as the
rest of us, Miss
," said one of the group to
an elderly woman who, judging from the conversation,
was among the standard-bearers of the procession.
"Don't I?" she questioned. "I wonder is it really
true that I don't?" She paused to think a moment, taking the charge quite seriously.
�The Western Com Fade
-
comet (;'()'(liJSed tll.roughl the g]!y at a. spee'dl :Mty times
g,Tea.ter than the !ifi)eedl of a nee bulfet. A te.w ye.u
ago tMs- ~rtmrend'ous- sutav tJramp took a brief moD,.
l'm!lshed by o r eartn, and e-vevy eye was wat.eMU!l for
a g1fml}lfe' of the wonderl I vagvamt of the sky.
SoclaJiSlll' iis; not a t:ramp oT a vag. Jt is not a soclaJI ·
beak. ]t i!r n.>t a new -fangled scheme of soeial salva.-- tfo'lf. It is the simp1e, sane, sctable, free, fo-rceful prindpte that bas ac·wa.ted pt"o>phets, and statesmen, and
humanitarians since systems of government began.
I scee the lone Jsraelite-his heart throbbing with ind.lgnatlon aga· nst the oppressions of Pharoab-face the
tyrant with flashing eyes and voice vibrant with the
courage of commanding conviction, and I bear his demand: "Let my people go!" 1 hear his cry to his
Lord: "Save my people; if not, Jet •me be blotted out
of the Book or Life!"
I tell YOU he was under the spelf Of the same star of
destiny, the same social impulse that is sending the
workers to the polls today to smite with the silent, yet
invincible weapon of the ballot, the modern Pharaoh or
c:apltallsm.
Centuries later I see a scholar probing the social
strata o'r ~is day. 1 see the same look of indignation
and coura~ I hear the same vibrant tone : "Ye have
f!Uten up the vineyard; the spoils of the poor is. in your
110uses. What mean ye that ye beat my people to
pieces, and grind the faces of the poor?"
Many centqries later I see a company of men, with
the same look and the same tone. They are facing a
crisis Involving th'e destinies of nations-yes, of mankind. What are they saying? · "AH men are created
equal"; "all just powers under God are derived from
the consent of the governed!"
When Garrison said : "The great fundamental fact
of anti-slavery Is that man cannot hold property in
rnan"; and Wendell Phillips penned that splendid resolution more than a half century ago, "Resolved, That we
declare war with the system, which demoralizes alike
th e hirer and th e hired, cheat s both, and enslaves the
working man; war with the present system of finance,
which robs labor and gorges capital, makes the rich
ri cher and the poor poorer, and turns a republic into
an aristocracy of wealth"; and Abraham Lincoln dedared that "to secure to each laborer the full product
of hie labor is a worthy object of any government," they
were .fired by the same spirit, inspired by the same
~ te ll ar social Influences that warms the lips and impels
t be pens of our Debs, a nd Seidels, and Bergers, and Stitt
Wilsons. and Harrimans, and Maynards and Warrens,
and their many colleagues today.
Jos ph Cook used to say: "The nineteenth century
has made the whole world one neighborhood. The
twentieth century ought to endeavor to make this one
neighborhood Into one brotherhood.
"The world was once a block of marble. Struck on
one side, the other side did not quiver. ·But it is now
like a mass of nerve fibre. Wound the modern world
anywhere and It winces everywhere. · There are no
for lgn lands. There can be no more hermit nations."
Over the cradle of this new century shines today
this star of destiny, heralding a new era of social relationship among men and shedding
sensitizing and
nerglzlng influence of ever-increasing intensity and
expansion.
This star of destiny is the star of hope to the whole
world of humanity.
I have chosen the figure of a star beCiluse· a star is a
creature of nature, and as such expresses something
thll.t· Is Integral, something that conforms with the great
unh·ersal plan.
-
a
"
'11-Jle Socialist is often 1o0ked u~ as a d:'lream&. a
1lheorls:t:. a fSillatie-. Hi dootnne are pronoun.eedl 'Vis:i&muy. im.IJ1'3etieal llllWelia.hie. e~en. dangerous.. But
measured! by the fnndamentiali-the deepest and pW"eSt
principles o:f AmeriC81Dism--he is the m.o st normal kind
.
It is argued! against SoeiaMsm that. it promise an
unnatma;ll and impossible:equality-a resolving to a.
dead level of the whole mass of hwnaniiq.
Socialism asks and otrers· nothing; that is not promised by the Constitution of our collDtry and the common
rights of mankind.
Socialism does not mean to reduce all men to a dead:
level, but to lift up all men to the limit of their abilities.
It does not mean dividing up the wealth of the world.
It means putting the sources of wealth in the hands of
the wealth-producers.
It does not level down. It levels · up.
It does not discourage initiative and enterprise. but
indolence and exploitation.
It guarantees nothing to nobody, except the full product of labor expended.
It is only the scientific application of the principle
of the square deal.
Emerson advised: "Hitch your wagon to a star."
But when we point to our star of destiny with the same
advice we are pronounced Utopians.
Well, let's seek Utopia. It's better to seek much and
get less than seek little and be satisfied.
Socialism has access to the stars. It is the star of
destiny.
" Rather than Utopian," ·says George Dole, "it Is the
wisest possible application of practical common sense to
human relationships in the place of individual prejudice
and privilege, with their countless train of barbarities."
" T~ spirit of Socialism," says Rev. Charles H. Vail.
"is fraternal, and its aim is to realize the brotherhood
of man in all the relations of life. It recognizes the
solidarity of the human race, and would surround men
with an economic and social environment that would
minister to that ideal."
Is this Utopian? Then there is nothing worth while
practical. It is to this the best minds of the ages ,have
aspired. It is to this the best souls of the present are
applying themselves.
·
Is it Utopian? Then we are hitched to our star and
It will take us to our desired destiny.
"Today," says Edward Bellamy, "it matters little
how weak the voice of the pteacher may be, for the
curr ent of affairs, the !ogle of events, is doing his work
and preaching his sermon for him.
"This is why there Is ground today for a higherhearted hope, that a greater deliverance for humanity
is at hand than was ever before justified.
"Vlhen sun and moon together pull the sea. a
mighty tide Is sure to come. So today, when the s piritual and economic tendencies of the times are for once
working together; when the spirit of this age, and the
Divine Spirit of a ll ages, for once are on the same side,
hope becomes reason and confidence Is but common
sense.''
~acim~
AS YOU LOOK AT IT
Wealthy Tourist-"They tell me that only a few years .
ago men a ctually killed each other on the slightest prov ocation right here in this place."
Western Booster of His Home Town-"They tell me
they're still workin' women an' children an' klllln' folks
in the shops an' factories back East there. Takln' them
a long tim~ to catch up with us out here, ain't it?"
�70
The Western Comrade
'
11
~essage
of the N ,e -vv Revol.u tion
By Harold Story
Harold Story, of Whittier College, delivered the subjoin·ed at the twenty-fourth Intercollegiate Oratorical
Contest, March 27, winni.ng first prize. This is the second time within a year that Harold Story has c·o me away
with flying colors, each time choosing radical subjects. He is a member of the County General Committee of the
Socialist Party of Los Angeles. •
upon century, age after age,
the workers of the world have toiled
upward toward the light. The story of
their bitter struggle to rise out of
bondage and barbariSm is the true his.
<6
tory of the human _race. The fundamental force behin<L this struggle, the
~
ener·gy behind man's evolution bas always bee; human toil. But only in
recent years have the world's manual
and mental labore rs begun to realize
that they are the indispensable agents of social and
econom ic advance.
When the masses e me rged from th e gloomy gulf of
prehistoric ~avagery th ey had to gain a foothold before
th ey cou ld continue their climh. Slowly, with in linite
pain . t hey c'aned out one after anothe-r the empires of
the ancient world . I<:gy pt and Greece, Carthage and
!lome were successive steps of their progress. But
though slaves ;,nd ple i.Jiam; ma de the conquests, patricia n ~ and e mperors reapecl the reward.
At last, driven
to despe ra tion , th e workers re belled agains t the
Ca e::;a rs. Sw iftl y th e e mpires c rumbled. Rome fell,
imperialism was over(hrown, feudalism was us hered in.
Thq>ugh th e Hf!Xt thousand years, the "dark ages,"
humanity sti ll plodded on. In th ese centuri es of rea<"tiOII and c·onf1ict the culture of the south and the
vigor of th e 110rth were gradually welded together.
Now serfs and se rvant s fou ght th e battles of progress;
knight l;i ancl kin gs s tol e the profit and prize. Again the
wre rcherl workers rebe lled against th eir despotic mas te rH. T PITifi e revolutions swept ove r· America. France,
J•; nglan!l, a nd Germany.· In a mighty upheaval feudalIs m was hani::;hed and a 1hird social system, capitalism,
was plared on th e throne.
'l'hu;; far ha d humanity climbe d unknowing, un con sc iou ~ . un seeing.
Ru t. with th e ad\·e n t of th e ne w
period, th e mod e rn capitalis tic age, a few of the work N S commenced to realize that man was on an upward
jOIII'JH'Y. Through the s hiftin g mis ts th ey caught occas lonnl g limpses of IJright uppe1· s lopes, rising in the
golde n glow ot' th e warm s unli ght. 'l'hey dream ed of
a fnir future da y wh e n freedom should sm ite the
shackles of s laves. wh en 11ure democracy should re ign
supre me. wh e n 1he toile rs at last should come to U1 eir
own. They found e d a new phi losophy of political and
economi c progress.
This philosophy i. an instrument by which the work e rs may behold in themselves th e only creative force
of human sbciet:v. F rom its fundamental vie wpoint,
by means of history, econQmic facts and scientific laws,
it interprets and analyze the faults of society. It
formuln1 es its doctrines from rules of social growth
and evolutionary advance. Recognhing that all permanent change and subs tantial reorganization must be
brought about by the essential force of the masses, it
appeals to the worker s alone, s hows them their trouble,
its cause, and its remedy. t ow that the capitalistic
s yste m has fulfilled i-ts vnrpose. now that humanity is
a t last r eady to rise into the light, this philosophy
brings an urgent mes age to the workers of the world.
P.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~8NTURY
C
Through the voices of its earnest prophets it is ending forth this mighty manifesto:
Workers, by your toil all material value is produced.
'You till the soil, you work the metals, you write the
books, you burrow in the bowels of the earth, you
travel the trails of the land, you sail the ships of the
seas. By your skilled hands and active minds the
gilded palaces are builded, the mighty engines are constructed, t he weaith of the world is amassed. And yet
you Jive in huts and hovels, you do not own the tools
you make, you are s·corned and_called "the poor."
Idlers Jive in your palaces, plutocrats own your machines,
social parasites control your wealth. Kings and capitalists, princes and priests Jive in luxury while you sweat
In drudgery. A thousand standing armies live on what
you earn. You make t he loaves that nourish the world,
but you give them all to your masters. You eat only
the meagre crumbs, the wages t hey toss back to you.
\Vor'k ers, you a re being robbe d.
Toilers, most of you have cea ;~ d to live; you only
miserably exist. You m<st struggre to earn the necessities of life; its comforts and its luxuries you cann ot
win. Books and poetry, music and art, all the finer
things of life, all the glories of civilization, they are
not for you, though you alone can produce t hem. Insanity and crime, disease and prostitution, with these
your lot is cast. You are haunted by gaunt famine.
you are victims of false charity. Your children are the
child slaves; your sons and daughters taste the world's
bitterest dregs. You are governed by a rule of gold,
rathe r than the golden rule. Your bodies, your minds.
your very souls a re be ing crus hed by the me rc iless
grind of a despo tic industrial system. To11ers, you are
being degraded.
Laborers, without a r eason of your ow n, without a
hope of gain for yourselves. you bear arms against
ea ch othe r. You blindly fight th e wars of the world
at the command of your industrial lonJs. From your
ranks come those who writhe and groan and bleed ou•
th eir lives on th e red battle fields. Nowhere amon
those life less bodies, nowh ere among Mars' blood y Vil
tims can you find the mangled corpse of a single grea.
landlord. You pay the price in blood ; they reap the
profit in gold. Laborers, you are robbed and degrad ed,
and, in addition to your misery , you-are murd e ring each
othe:·.
You may sa y these words are rash ancl bold, but.
fri e nd s, are they not the truth? Where is· th e re any
materia l wealth that labor did not produce? And is no t
the world's wealth controlled by those who p roduce
litt le or nothing? Are the re not in this cou ntJ·y a lone
ten million a ctual paupers? And do not the wolves
e\·er howl about the doors of fifty million more of our
citizens? Who fill the slums of the cities and the "hellholes" of the earth? Who fill the awful sweatshops and
the child labor mills? What wars are ever dC:clared
by vote of the laboring class? · And whoe,·e r sees a
merchant prince in th e ranks of a !lghling army? H
. these words are rash it is because the tru'th is rash.
If these assertions are bold it is beca.use the _t ruth is
bold.
But, workers, it is in your power to change your
�'U
Tbe We'ste.rDl Com , de
e:oti:dftfoo<. N6tllfn~ flo
yo If~ b a womout m:cfustrla an~ m.t f1aaJ I'oug BiD:• fUI1lilecJJ fts
b18rorf~ tunea
'l!h'e fault fa\ lfOt creatliJ' wilh yo
ee4om e mUU!itll\. tor they are lKmnd by· g'o
ell&fmr
are e dJ by fl'on. You, worllen;. ,-ou. arone caD!
as
ro·
brett' humanfty fl bonds:.. Brf&ht hope persuades :JOU.
progress ve> evofntt'on commancfs 7001 to tree youraelves1
and the' wort<t
S.ttch, frfends, are the primary ooachfnp 1 of t1Wl
worttng~efug phttosopby, StancliDg on these teaehlng~L
and beHevfng fn these doetrfnes there fa· a powerful.
ever-gto'W'[ng workl:ng-elaaa movement. Already a
gYeat company ot your fellows is striving toward the
goal, Fifty millions of them there are, from every
corner of the earth, every nation of the globe. Fifty
mflfton men:, women:, and ebUdren, all bound together
lo a fOTW'ard move'tnent by a noble common cause and
by huManity's brotherhood. From this great host of
my comrades I bring this tlnal appeal to you who ton.
Wod:eJ!s y;
am the nat maj9r{Q; th 1t®l
l'IJIU'I[;-t&ia ltfl S'ocf&ll!r td& and ~ o,WD. th
ll'lim1lneJlDl
prodilctfon..
~'
soc~
aoefailJ' eon1iml the produetfo , at y
to
"Te
of' ton., awake to -giOI'J'l.
H&rk1 H'll.rk11 What ~
yo
Your eiUl'lben,. wiYes and §'&ndslres. h~.
or
u
Bellol their tears. and! h.e ar their erles',••
Let. ~ be a. reality and! 1\latfce rule. th~
world. Let kindn~ me~. and lova ha,;e a ehane:e to
C14BP banda with your f.e now man;
put race. and ·creed asf:d~ We!oom wlth O]lell h.eart.a
and helping hands that. new revolution «which. marta
the. transition • • •trom waga sla.~ry to tree cooperatmn, from capitalist o~ to industdal demoera.cy... Join that great'"IUTIL3" of your fellows, and
follow their eonqnering banner, ever onward even upward.
"Wor:ii:srs of the world. unlte; :rou have 'nothing to
lose but your ebalns; you have a world to win."
grow ami be• PUFe•
n Black and White
Tom and BillTom lived down in .the valley, wh~re he only saw the· sun a few hours
during the day. He never saw it rise, he never knew the glory of its setting.
He was too far down-the walls around him were too high!
Bill lived up on top of the mountain. He saw the sun all day. He saw it
burst up in the splendor of its regal glow; he saw it sink to rest amid wonderful shadings at night I
Tom just worked all day, without wondering about WHY anything was.
He just took his orders and carried them out, dully, without reason. He saw
people rise; he saw people falL He saw money come and go. He saw evolution, but he didn't recognize it. He went to work; he worked; ~e went home.
Bill went to work; he worked; he went home. But while he worked he
thought. He asked questions. . When be went borne he talked and be read.
He heard what others bad to say, and he reasoned with himself and with
others about what others bad to say. He saw people rise; he · saw people
fall. He found out why. He saw evolution and he ·came to recognize. it.
Tom lived in the valley. Bill lived on the mountain!
Move-
m
• • •
Move I Everything moves! The world revolves, the mete·or flies through
space, the river flows, the ocean roars and surges-even the lily of the field
grows in beauty. Everything moves. Nature intended everything to move.
Are you where you were yesterday T Are your ideas those of yesterday T Is
your brain moving forward T If not you are not in accord with the universe.
Be open to the new. Move I Everything moves!
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anne
HE GOSPEL OF
SOCIALISM
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HE Religio11 of a
Socialist Ia Ia
By Stanley B. Wilson
By R. A. Maynard
A book that ma&es you look }nto your real
bein'g and find yourself-one.of those books
that are filled with tnoughts worth thinking
and reading. Here's a little sentence from
the book: ''To the Socialist the test of
righteousness is not personal piety, but social harmony."
"The great message of modern evolutionary
science to humanity is that man is a part of
nature," declares the author in this remark-able little book. It is a stlrring, inspiring
message that is told between the covers of
this messenger of intellectual helpfulness
and satisfaction.
................................................................
'
........
.....
....-...... ..... ..........
........,.... . . .
These two 32-page booklets will set you right
·
on a lot of points.
You get them for a dime each-just a 10-cent piece slipped into· a letter
The Citizen Print Shop,
Los Angeles, Cal.
uunte-r Fifteen
su
· its
Easily the peer of any $15
Suit sold in Los Angeles.
They are not made for one- For Men
time trade. On the contrary;
it is "once a customer, always a customer" with us.
We have built up an enormous clothing business by
llving up to our advertised statements. These
suits are tailored from the best all-wool fabrics,
are handsomely fin1Bhed and are guaranteed to
fit and please. Come in and examine the "Hunter
Fifteen"-note their genuine worth, their beautiful lines and the distinctive patterns.
Other and better Butts, UO, $25 and $30.
STRAW llTS · We have just put on display
- - - - - - - a large llne of Straw Hats
in all popular blocks, at prices ranging from f1.50
to $10.00.
We also earry a full llne of
Men's Furnishings, inclu~lng all Standard Brands
"Hurry to Hunter's"
$15
W. Bunter & Co.
535 Se. Sprlllg SL
l
Loa Angel~•· Cal.
\
203 New High Street
P. 0. Box 203
CALIFORNIA
SAVINGS BANK
OF LOS ANGELES
Now at Fifth and Broadway
Will Move to
HIBERNIAN BUILDING
t
Fourth· and Spring Streets ...
About May the 10th
Our present patron• are requested to come
with ua and avail themaelvea of our vaatly lm·
proved facllltlea. New cuatomera solicited.
lnterelt Paid on Checking Accounta
No Depoalt Too Small
Our Safe 1:1epoalt Vaulta are unexcelled. Come
and lnapect them.
- - - - - - - 0 F F ICE R S - - - - - - M.P. SNYDERi.
•
Pretident
WARREN GIL ELEN.
Vice Preaident
CHAS. YALE,
• Vice Pretident
F. H. NICHOt;S
. Cuhier
1
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Dublin Core
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
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The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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en
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Title
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Western Comrade, 1913-05
Subject
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Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
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1913-05
Relation
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MicFilm HX1 .W47
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application/pdf
Language
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en
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Newspapers
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LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n02_191305
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2018-07-17
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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v01n02
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36 p.
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United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
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<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/db6e0e65758851c97e0eccabd0026fb5.pdf
b549d82561bece8b51ed63fd41480a11
PDF Text
Text
THE NEW YCR'K
The . W ~ tern Comrade
PUBLIC UB RA RY.
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-V\Iestern Comrades
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:\"ur iJI gold ill h c•r rrunr nt ain s .
.'.:cor in !diu· of li<· r s k il·s.
_,. nt in ~lc·ar r t trf I~: a ius/
:\"c,r i n ln·i~lrr . ~P~~-i-~1~~:~·~
( )f l11 ·r [ a irt·:-::r 111~~ wnlllf'TI.
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!1111 s t r Pn gtlo of \\'Olll<'ll , w o r l li of J'Tii'n.
,\ nd h1·oad .. x pa n"· o f \' i !·\1· :
I n fra nk \\·a nn '"'''of ,.,; ,n r a d<·s . wlil'll
Tllf· f'a11 s •• conH 1,. j HSt ·:u.d t r ou · :
JJ, .'n ·
~ rand s tlr ~· '-{,, .·. .,. ,,·,:·'!'! .('o:r : r.·:t'd• ·
I I i~ Ira rill ''" pn,fff'r"' \.,,, _
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�The Wes.t..,ern Comrade
.
·. : .. ~ ... ·. ·: ·. : : ·:: ::
bebi~Je:·ti ii. c~f.Om~ :that these lines are written, but to tell
you something of The·:lVef;teiit ~j:imrade, its ~plans and aspirations. It ~ not
It is not
I
because publiqatio!lS:·~e:e~~d .to explain themselves that The Western
Comrade takes yolf••l>~ :0}\··.a:J~el! into the future in these paragraphs.
These lin~ are Wfitteri because The Western Comrade is so brimful of
the e~erance of youth and the sheer joy of consecration to an ideal that l.t
just mus.t take you one and all iiito its confidence;
·
These lines are written because the heart must speak.. And if your heart.
is attuned alike to the spirit of the great struggle, you, too, will enjoy communion with the people who have produced this magazine. .
·
The Western Comrade comes into the world of clash a~ cdnflict .w it!
no under-estimate of- the size of the 'breakers ahead, with no foolha~ard
at what the cost of its daring may be. · Bti't it ~lso comes with a whole-soUled
conception of the work to be done. It comes knowing that all men have hearts
and minds that must be- reached; and in reaching them and gTipping them that
day for which the gre'at world Socialist movement is striving will be hastened
on its _way. . And what nobler purpose could there be than to speed the .com- ·
ing of that day? ·
.
The Westetn Comrade comes into the world to breathe upon it the sp,irit ·
of the boundless West and to bring to the West itself ·a bet!@:, more wKc11esome interpretation of its- own a,ll-inclusive spirit-that noble spirit which has
heralded our West to all th~world as something wide and free ·and daring.
The spirit o{ .the West is the spirit .of health and youthful effervescence.
It has bamed the agencies of decay a.nd pessimism as no other has uone. It
smiles red-lipped from its verdant low ·lands and it laughs full-throated and
clear from its majestic p1aks. Its leaping rivers flash out clear like the bubbling eyes of wonderful maidens and it s glowing sun rays betray warmth and ·
_comradeship and b~au·t,iful sentiment. ·
The real spirit o{ -tlhe ~est is the spirit of humaniiy· untram.melled. The
real spirit of the real"West is the spirit of the world to be, the spirit of emancipated men and women; the spirit of perfect healthy.childheed, the spirit of
huml!nity unmasked and u~burdened!
That is the SJi!ipt of The Western Comrade! Exultantly it goes forth to
the world! Smiling, clear eyed, deep chested and strong, with the ~hains of
• commercialism thrown aside, it goes out to spread .where it may, the spi:Cit that.
fill:? and clamors for expre·ssion! And in the pulsing, indescribable joy of
wonderful life it calls to you every-Where: Come up out of bondage; come up
the great slope, up where the sun shines, up where the a~ is pure, .where the
shadow of despair. i~ ne~_t. . /
·
••• ·•. :C.olf!e \~.~ ·~~ all ~gemezymching elbows, hand in hand, go up where
·:~an.~!tll oe fret~, forever!
::.: ~ ~:.!
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T b _e Wester D · Comrade
·c ean.
Fig ti g
By
CHESTER
M .
WRIGHT
-HE best rebel is- the c1eanest rebel.
·
.
·
•
omebow the -world Jra com~ t:> demand that tho e who prOtest against the arrangement of things-shall be of uperior fiber.
omehow the world i ~I) 'l1:"ilfulg~. tn: ~n\:qt that t h
wl10
are in r evolt against the ~~ q~- :~~ 8,ba~"rlon them elYe~ t
th.e vices common . to tho e wh.'Q: uii!>:ort • ~tlflgs a they ar e.
And shoul d w'e not be glad tlim•tili ·i' · o ~
For it ·has had its effect ~p~ ;ql~. r~~f.t?1utiou autl ·n t he
JH~o plf~ ·of the. revolution. It has made t_ltet'i{ beftPt.-i·dohltioni t .
But t he men and women of the r eYolution pride t hem eln on dcanlin '~., '
n ot because t:lt e world demands it, f or t hey ar c in r.evolt a gain t .man ' t hings
t hat t he world has set up.
TJJ.ey strive for cleanliness because cleanline. s mak es f or effi eitmcy. And
we n eed t o be efficient. Every ounce of ene).'gy makes the r evolution that 1 u ch
more sure, t hat much more ·wantable, that much more inspiring. •
./
This cleanliness is not a cleanliness from t he soil that accumtllatcs on th e
hands of th e person ,\rho toils to crea-te the world 's bi·cad. It is not a shrinking
from ontact with the grim ~f work.
Jt is that essential cleanliness that ' comes. from th e thinki'ng of no.bll'
thou ght>~, the leading of right lives, the p1·oper use of body and 1:nind.
'l'hat p erson who so uses his body as to ·k eep it at the highest state of purity
au energy is exceeding wise. He furnish es a pure source of enm·gy for hl~ ;·.
brain . Clear thinking is essential .to the social r evolution, fot; the cial rcvo- 4j
lu tion is a r e:volution in which Tnt£.!ligence must win the victory.
• 'l'hc fundam ental r evolut ionist r ealizes th ese things. 'l'he fundamental r evolutionist beli eves that fresh air is as necessary to the fighters in the social r evolution of today f!S bullets wer e to the fighters in the revolution Of 1776.
The fundamental r evolu t ionist believes that sunshine is as n eccssm·y to t he
r evolut ioni t of today as strong tents wer e to the .fighter- in the da rk days of
,
t h Frencll r evolution.
'l'h fnndani ntal r evolut ionist of t oday has a p assion for cleanliness in
all t hing.. H e loYcs clea.nlinc of t he body. He loves the rud dy glow of
cl an kin. H e is inspired by th ~ : beautiful play ·of clean muscles. H e r everen c tl.lc clean body . H e is enraptured over homes t hat ar e"6kan and "he
know th fiCPhting value_of the clean mind.
lean p ople a r e ~l ean figh ters. The social r evolut ion of today is t he
l an ' t nobl t fight t hat was ever fought . It has a r igh t to be fought by
clean fi rrhter .
Th r fore, bould not we men an d women of the revolution, be clean; be
dean of mind and body and clean of home! 'flte great prayer of the revolution i" for n day w-hen all people may ·be clean, wiJeu every babe shaH have as
it birthright a clean body ~>eryjhome hall be .fr~ from ·the dirt that
i fo~ed into it by an unjust- soei~t~m; when e •ery rer on in the world
. h U ha•e au abll!ldanee of eleanline in habitatio~ ~.--:.)OJr minlJ ::tnd
iri and wh(>n men and women hall be clean in their d~,lings- with ~h-
..
•.
..
set th. up as ;; :-qf_h::·' T:.~· f>A?St
ine= I«>fore us I
. - ••·" . .. .
eJ.
e '\\"" (>;rn Comrade wjU .always staruL
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T be West e c n '€ om r a.d e
-hi
e Sun,s
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IP.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I X commenting u pon the las~ Socialist
National Con vention at Indianapolis the
press of that city called _ attention to
wha t it termed the "terrible serious-
,
1!]~
ness" of the del~ga,te~- • . , • _.,, . •
Littl e humor;. :r(;w :j~e~. tat'P. .1lastlis
~
of enlivening
on1y ;an '-bc~asf6~ar
rift in th~ cloud to l'e'f,t~e ;,\U!shi~)n---:
this was the verdict: .·~he:cri.tfciSm - was
not new, ben~e tb'o ·lfdosier: scri'Lie~ are
Jlrecluded from asserting the clai~~
o!sc·i~crers.
·,i.f..:
l)i t.>t·igrniti:
A Socialist may - be defined _is an · accoucheur assistIng at the birth of a new social order. As such he is
engaged in serious business. His duties are many and
complex.
1
Careful s~ udy of principles and tactics; continuous
Hi eeping under marching orders; enforced marches
followed by frequent engagements on the skirmish line
and an occasional hand to hand conflict-whili(all these
t;levelop an intelligent appr eciation of the nature and
gra 1·ity of the class co nflict under capitaliflm they do
u ot eontribute in any great extent to the hilal'ity of
nations.
To serve in this gr eat Army of the Commonweal
ever read .)( to accept \)'hat may come of personal
diseomfort or sacrifi ce, is not child's play nor especially
mirth-provoking. "'"rhe forces engaged in worl d-wide
......___
('Onfilct are tremendous aurl the principl es i nvolved farR. A. MAYNARD
r eaching in effect upon human welfare. None save Socialists fully appreciate the significan c1'!'
of thl~ titanic struggle only to end with death of the
All Socialists are r evol utionists. Th e battles of a
o l d und birth of a n e w social order.
revolution may be fought with bull ets or with ballot ~-;.'
Th e Social i st uml r rstancls that the miseries and infhe Socialist uses the latter. But whether with ballots
dustria l wrongs of the present are birth-pangs in the
or bullets, equal courage, ski ll and daring at·e n ecessary .
trnvai'l of a ·<'il· ili r.ation long since past th e nortnal
And _these are ever found com-men surate with the hope
·jl'r riod of ~o:estation.
·
and l:onfiden ce which a g r eat ca use in spire s.
Hut, whil e <·onsdous of b<.>ing a factor in vi-tal proTh e world has never known greater cau se than thi s
eesses and of d e~lling- with lil'ing forces . whic_b must . _ l ast great con flict for freedom. A freedom t·lrat Hhall
inQI'itahly win to th<' uliimate goal , h e y et beco <.>s
make real all th e achit.>l'l' ment s or th P pa s t. and brin g
impati t- nt or d('lar.
a fully emancipat ed h!ltnanit~· Th e mills of uhture grind exc-<.>eding sure hut they
llu t all this i s of the shft'fi.aw not. th e su n s\lin o of'
' nd excee ding sThw unl ess their m ac hin er~·
So('ialistJl.
hp spt>edPc thr4ugh huntilll aid.
In nature, as the ;.;hallo w intl' n sifieH the fH tll Kh inc of
ll o w to l111';l , .-n the m i nds of the workers. that th e
which ! t is tlw pt·odu<'l. so th<' su ush!n e of SodalhHll
<'I'Olutionary Jll'O('C'Ss<'s !'e so accelerated as to make
i s hu t m !!.de bright er IJy n•ason of c ·on tr~s tlug shadow.
pos!' ihiP thP tt•ansitiou f ro m old to n ew ord<'r withOue of th e l esser po et s, writing of t he oc an ,
mtt l ' (olenJ., i:; today th!' Stt)H'eme task of the Soc ialist.
desc ri-bes the winds as mgittg and billow s co ntend!t tg in
It is not easy of a,·<·ompli sh m ent nor is the burd en
ang'r y roar at th e surface. whih• far do w n in th<> depth
of ' rt>:::ponsihility li~h!.
of waters a pea<'e ful stillne>'s r c.:_ign s undisturh<>d
\\'Inti II'OIIIll'l', then . tlJat with such r ealization of
. tempest or !>'lorm.
'
th <• mn ~-: ni tude of prohlems cnn ~i't•n li ng th em . So~ .
/Thu s despite th e storm and Ftress of class c·on fli (·t
: wlwtlwr itl • w orJ-:' ·.or Jli'Ot:l..iano~-: or con1·eution. tn<' <'l ~d t he cloud or shadow which it c·asts into human
the ·c proht~i·s h,~ s!tt'll !>a.rucst. serious spit•it a:; to
Jil·es. the r e is sli ll a eahn at -the (·<'nl<'r of th e storm
dtallcn;::;(• ih;, . at ,t cn:iou :n1. <1~-,- nerC-' casu al onlooker.
a-nd a sill'er lining to the cloud.
Hut lC-'t tlH' "'l!<'•' (aw)· · not ·he: misled by aJ1pearances
But non e sa1·e the Sociali st c·an find the ..--alqJ or
and JIIIPll 1-<.l th~ c.O tH•lusiO'•i. rl;.it th~ ocialist is a p ssi,tlim pse the sparkl e of the lining.
mist. a ·nl!'r.- di~ell: i· C'f'g~i-.o~n. ·-\\.ltat is here seen is
In one of Browning's poems are tbet;e lines:
hut his li~htin!!: flt.<'e. his militan t spirit i n a ction.
·'God be thanked. the meanesl of his ereatu r es
f:Y
�The Western CCJmrade
o f
S o . ··c . i a I i s
Boa!iU! two tiOUI~sides, one to face the world v.-ith,
One to show a woman v;hetl. be loves her."
Til~ dil!cerning will note thajr. the most · strenuous
Socialist has not only. the s~er soul-side, with
which he greets the sadly distorted wo;:ld, but another
warll\. with hope and faith and Jo~e undaunted, witlt
which he pays de\•oted homage to his mistress-T he
By R . ·A. M a ynard
"'
Autho r o f
\
uThe Relig i o n o l a _so'ctallst,.'" Etc.
the early morning just as the un wa pe ping ov r Ut
range, and the snow still lay like a manti
rln
all with its fleecy whiteness, my steed and I b
cause.
descent.
~
As science has told the story, away back in the
Electric fountains shimmering and sclntl!Iatlng und r
pal!t human eyes were set well around on the sides
t he rays from skillfully manipulated electric lights ar
of the head. The progress of the eyes to their present"
JIOS!Uon and their subsequent focussing required
beautiful and posses a power of weird fascination, but
l'l!nturtes ot time.
.....
the rid~ down the mountain side .o n the bright Octob r
l'norning, while myriads of melting snowflakes r ft ct
The Jndustrlal and social changes of the past have
come through the clash arid s truggle of blind forces1 the. sunshin_e froin twig and leaf and branch, in all th
colors and combination of coior possible to nature, pr our world or the present Is for the most part the result
s ented a scene of more bewildering beauty than any
of a well - nigh unconscious evolution.
electric magician coltld devise.
Hut at last the eyes of evolution are in its forehead.
The Yes of natural and human selection focus together.
Away 0ff in the distance could be ~en the rat.Jbows
covering the' silvery mists of Bridal Ve Falls; while far
T he Socialist is conscious ly co-operating with nature
down in the depths of the valley, the s re and roofs
a nd her laws in the s ocial revolution now on.
HIs is not a blind. faith in invisible forces.
It is
of the little . city cast their reflected light into the
picture.
nolthe r "the su bs tan ce of things hoped for" no~: "the
Instinctively there came to !Jlind these lines oC
uvlllen(·e of things un seen." 11 is a faith that has ripened
Moore:
·
Into kn ow! dge.
" Blest power of sunshin~; genial day,
He kno~s that the en t i re Socia l struc ture r ests upon
Wha t ·balm, what life is in thy ray."
a n economic base. H e al so knows that · econom ic
This village and valley, t hus glorifie<l, was at that
chan_ge for the m&§.t pa r t dete rm l nes a nd shapes a ll
socia l changes. Final l y, he k nows that economic ch a ng e
mome nt the center for one of the most bitter 11aaea or
the class struggle conditio 8 have yet :sJeveloped
ID Inevitab l e.
Apparently the gulfs and chasms, the deadly depths
On thi s l c drot k of solid f_a tt does he stand, con~C'Iom; ,of tit!' impregnabi li ty of his position and the
which divided mine-owning class -from miner class we re
hopeless, and desperately dark.
ill !' l' ltn!Jie triumph of h is cause.
But j ust as th e valley was made radiant a nd beau·li t'!'<• 1:; the Soeiali~t 1\lount of Vision. In th e entire
t iful by the sun of the new day, so the li gh t of Socialist
1'1\ llf.:t> HI' ::)oclalist- Himalayas this is the topm ost peak.
philosophy intef pre ted that human feud, turning it l'r·om
ll t• who <"limb;; thP trail to this poin t i ~ rewarded
horror to hope, from meaning less tragedy to purposeful
l'ly hi't•u dt h of l'i:don !\lid e nlarged hori zo n, and is llerdran a.
llllt t!'d to look out upon n world transformed and
Stlmding at Lookou~ Point below th e falls, on the ·
rndinnt with light. bl'aut ~· aud truth.
brink of th e Grand Canyon of th e Yellowstone, just
' LI!l;ht. hPauty Hnd truth are none the less in the
.
hefore sunrise on a Summer morning, a scene of Inde1'1\ll<•.l'<' a nd on the plains than at th e 1110\l!llain su mmit.
Tlw ,IIIli!" su n bathe · ali - in its effulgent ray s.
sc ribable beauty present:; itserr:- The mighty canyon
lint
molmtnin top...{:ii"<'S perspectil·e, ~ense of
yawns a · thousand and mot4t,..feet ·in depth and thoupl'n]Hlrtin nnd relntion!';hip.
sands of feet in expanse, with walls so brightly tinted
liNt' nlun~· \; ~ht> .·hinin~ of tlw ' llll ne1·er obscured
in rainbow colors, as to make the fact that It Is nature's
hr douds thnt hol'l'l' dt :;p and all too thick o1·er the
handiwork ":ell-nigh unb~lievablc. ln the foreground
lm!Jitnt ions, whert' dw,•tl tht• children o ff rrwn.
towering needles of rock )Jinnacles stretch aloft and In
l·~nlh•sy appt't't'iar ion of ~unshine. ~s ~nly possible to
the back gmund' are the gr~·at falls or the YellowHtone
nm• "ho has dimbt>tl to the height .
whose waters in their descpnt fall rnore than 'three times
:>;owhf't't' among thl' Ho(•kie can I now recall such
the distance of . 'iagara's. From the seething maHs of
fnr-n•aehing muunt tin ~lop~> as that fro;u the ·ummit
wal~rs great banks of spray c'!ntinuously rille, tll~
nf lht• ran, ,, abovt' tlk' Tomboy mine, down~down. e air with fleecy douds and dewy mi11t; when I~! Jt
•h\\\11 :ual ;:till farllwt· tlown itlto the pretty Jill, o
Jri~htens in the East! the first gray s {realul frorrl blr}
,,f Tclluridi•-n:ml~ hi;:tork in the annal of the ·labor
maje>cty the sun stPearn aho\·e the horizon, and tl•c
IIIUI ' Nllent,
_
wboiP scene is thrown into hold relief of ligbt and
t n n
toh..,r aftl'l·no..ln a tride a haod.o.me, intel~hadO\\',
ll~~·u•, ntomnain pony I cliruht'd the trail en tbou><aod
On c:omt's the sun, dirnhin~ lligher and Ktil( hi.l;lwr,
f t \\l' whit!:' t h~ _h:tdow- \'\"ere tliro'I\'D oif down lh•·
unt-il at last a nood of golden glory stream~> intu tl& can1\\t IIIII , in ;:it}(' by hi.' .Autumn
UD.
~on depths and · the wondrous picture j;fandK revealed.
llillion or raiobo.-s arch over all; the infinite
l 1rit1,: tht> ni.,_ht thN\" t'ame a .now flurry and in ./
.
,
•
�8
\
The w ·e.st ·e.rn'e'omrade
the beauty and· the glory that shall be ...lYhen the sun
variety of color on rocky wall and spire and pinnacle
of Socialism ·s hall have reached its meridian height.
glows with light and warmth; the shadows deepen in ·
Here w 17 reach · the border land of ! hat future just
the depths; each gleaming drop of water, as the mighty
ahead. Here at last is place · for vision, for dream
volume breaks at the surface, becomes lt diamond, niby,
interpretation, for anticipation. For, in t he language
e merald or sapphire, and the glory and triumph of the
of a great souled Comrade: "The' S~ciatist heart which.
sunshine is complete.
Hungers for · the music of the ·future must at times
l!~rom the foot of th e . falls on' the river bank at the
listel\ for no'tes floating down !rom the heights manhottom of the canyon but little of this picture would
kind is yet to climb, and take ·in t hose harmcin.ies as
be visible. The altitude of Lookout Point .is necessary •
if they were. sounding no~s creating a present day
to give perspective, proportion and full appreciation.
·But, while the wider ,·ision and enlarged horizon are
joy' out of the joy of the coming generations."
necessary to reach s uch und e rstanding of the fundaThe Socialist alone is the true optimist. It is h e
who draws 1n full, free breaths of g ladness . .There is
mental truths of Sociali s m a s to m e rge hope and faith
in positive knowledge of sure fruition, yet, after all ' tis
ever sunshine in his soul.
Labor's problem ~oday is only a questicn oi bread.
not so much in this knowl edge a s in its necessar y
implications that the full glow and warmth of the sunand bread is no questi on at all· to tlie man of the
s hine of Socialism is ·fo und . ..._
twentieth century. Away t hen with e xploitation, the
Within the sh iuing -rails · o[ economi c a ctivity all
- unpardonable sin! Let us clear ·the high way for the
Messiah. Let us break down the obstacles. remove
fu tu re progress must. move. · ln th e workshOJl is t he
arterial life of society 's heart, brain and spirit. Seeing
the fears, arid de s t roy t1 e prejudices that block the
this the Socialist find s in it his ins p\ration .
pathway. Let us do this and gain for all the world an
abundant entrance to a glad •free life.
, How to free thi s indus trial life , how to make it
abound in health and fulln ess- this is his proble m, a
But first the chains of bread~o
ndage ~JUSt be
problem, too, for whic h h<' has th e remedy- ll)<lod s uckliroken. Then-after that! Are yo big e nough to see
ing e xploitation mus t ~o. No longer on all the earth mus t
what come s afte r that? After that til ~il: come to
mankind a limitless life or" stre ngth, dignity and l:>eauty.
one man live in th e -sweat of anoth e r's face.
Although to co mparath·e ly few, in Labor's migh ty
On Comrades- let us on!
army, it is g ive n to e nte r into th e larger ~nowl edge
" And what if trad e sow cities
and unde rlying a ss ura nce s of Socialist thought, ye t the
Like shells along tl]e shore,
~lowing warmth and invigorating prope rty of th e s un~nd thatch with towns the prairie broad
shine wlri ch · radiates the re from. is for all, even the
With railways ironed o'er;humblest toiler in th o ranks.
They are but sailing foambells
While Marklu~'tit·s lines :
Along Thought's _causing stream
"What to him
And take their shape aad_Sun- color
Are Plato and the s wing of Ple iades,
From him that sends the dream. "'
),l.LHat the long reaches of th e peaks of song ,
The rift of dawn, the re dde ning of the Rose."
A SONG OF SPRING
are all too true of the rank and· fil e of the worke rs. Yt:'l.
the aspirations of each comrade are common to all; and
By B. B<trnett
all receive their inspiration from the same source.
''Lie down on the earth- th e n thou may'st hear t he
"'
And this, after all, is the living. vital reality nvtking
se6ds quickening."
Socialism inexpressibl y dear to the hearts of Socialis ts.
Come creep· wi t h me
A mighty host'touc hing elbows round the" world, in
Among the ragged mass of toiling life,
mill, in mine, in shop, in factory, on farm, ....,)v het e ve r
Through every crevice let us work our way,
th e }York of the world is done, move d· by a 'common Jlur Dig and descend; and let the k eenest strife
pose, sharing a common hope, loyal to a faith equally
Gnaw at our brain and bo2.[_ night and day. 1
sacred o each, receivi~ inspiration f1'om th e same
source,
nstitutent parts of one world-- wide struggle,
Dig ct'e ep and full
sustained by 'p.n unfaltering trust in the ·o~ u s tic e of their
With me into the great deep heart of ma n,
cai.Jse, and each pledged, by his own life and all life
In to that surging sea of agony,
.'h olds dear, never·to gi've up the struggle until industrial
And let us clutch · at what or whom we can,
emancip~tion has been won and for the first tim e a
Afraid of that grim death · for you and me.
race of free men and women. inhabits the e arth .
This is the solidarity of Labor and ~h e meaning
of class-consciousness!
Cpm radel ·what a dt:'Jlth of meaning the word
contains for all who ha,·e e ntered into the full spirit
Socialist comradeship; for all who have foul)d the more
abundant life to which it is the doo ~:.
Bring thou with th ee
The "m emory of pleas ing soundS and sights,
The sense of beauty and of pleasant things,
The finer feelings, and the changing lights,
The sense that sorrow into justice stings.
Comrades in a world cause having· for ,its ins11iration
th e life· of humanity; "for its mission to make that life
fre E; and to beautify it.
Here is: found· the hea rt, the life-center of the sunshine of Socyl.1is m. H ere we are enabled to glimpse
See, feel and .know
' Vhe re motley murmu rs swell to voices grand , •
" ' here seeds of progress find the ri chest soi l,
Whe r e rising forces , deep and wide, expand,
Down where th e ragged human masses toi l.
f
�-
. ·de ·
The ·W estern Comra
A Piece.· of
.
··o· what
a tangled web we weave
W hen first we practice to qeceive''
--Scott
pa.p~r
.
'
9
,
.
. By
\......
Emanue l Jul i us
a letter \Vith a million in:~it for what a · turkey'd cC:st..'! /
. As Mrs. Brow~· tu;rned to leave, Susan· declared ; . \
":Oon't forget to. come tomo~row. · We got to !;lave the
· house a ll cleaned up for Christma s."
"I'll 'come," said Mrs. Brown. '
are ruled by pieces of papereverything is based on paper. We conque r nations, enslave millions-all
*
·
through pieces of paper. Paper is the
On her wa y home, coming · upon a piece of paper!
1
~
ne'v tyrant-it is .all-powerful. The peoMrs. Brown leaned over and picked · it up. There was
ple have a new God, . a, new religionnothing OU that bi( Of paper, excen.t a f!:)W .printed WOrds
they worship pieces of paper.
which read: "H. . R. Crowell, Counsellor- at-lli,v." · lt
~·
Pieces of. paper make the !t6lltleman
was a lette t: head.
.
~
and the aristocrat. Pieces of paper hold
· The paper tieing clean, l\frs. Brown folded it ·carethe paupe r where he is. Pieces of paper
fully and slipijed it into her bag .and when she reached
direct arm-ies. father wah< foster peace. Pape r is civiher tiny home, sh e unfolded that piece of p!l.(ler and laid
lizatiun.
it on the table before her. ·And as sh e dipped a slice· ·
And , whil e on this subjc<:t, let us consid er the case
of bread into a cupful of pale, weak•tea, she ·gazed abof Mrs. Brown.
stl:actedly at that . p.i ece ·or paper, which ' was w?rth!Ls
l\1rs. Brown was poor; she had nothing, SR I·~ re labecause it had no· black marks on it. Such pieces · f
·
tives. In that respect she was well suppli ed. She once
paper cannot . possess power. Mrs. Brown wa:s wei
r(> marke<.l , "If I had a dollar for every 'rel;!tlon 1 wouldn't
aware of t hat. She thought of what J,l.er nephew had
ila re to worr.'· any more."
said-and s miled. A Tetter · might come, and it might
111 rs. Brown was a wei~hl on her kinfolk, wiw were
not.' However , waiting for a lette1: would never , bring
i'o)'(·ed to help keep he re. But Mrs. Brown had to work
b~r a Christimas turkey, Mrs. Brown concl,~ed.
·ro r what she ate- th is aged woman was for ced to wash
"And yet," said Mi·s. Brown, s iO\.vly; " a piece of .
l'loth(>s . snub floors. se11· ;1nd knit.
paper like t his \'-:ith a little writing on it .could mean
:\!any 1\'PrP th e humiliation
hea ped UJlon this.
the end of my t roubles."
poor. frail bit of humanity. Of course, Charlie hardly
She fell to thinking of 'ivhat she. would do were
,.,·er said anything tha~ might be construed as offensive
she to become possessed of a fortmie---,nsw__linens,
or insulting, nor did Susan , h is wife. ever remark , in
a rug, war mer. clothes, a better stove--and no more
so man.'· words. that she was a "sponger." · No; th e
washing~ The idea pleased her immensely. · So, in
,. , il .wa s in -.,,·hat they didn't say. They ignored h er
her best handwri ting (just for .the fun of it) Mrs.
almost (•ntii·e]y- e xce pt when the re were specific in Bro\vn penned th e following on tht: bit of paper:
s t rtt~·t ion~ to accompany basket of wash . .They hard ly
"Mrs. Alice Brown,
<"a rcd to know whether she were ill or wel l. They and
dozens of othe r'S took i\I rs. Brown as a matter-of-fact
First street, City. .
('Ondition.
Dear Madam: : This letter lets you know that
Once, near Christmas, moved by a spirit of love.
· / ' you have inherited $150,000 through the death
Susan rema rked, "Oh, aunty, wou ldn't it be great if
of a friend.
Signed: '
son1oeon e was to die ;md Je\(ve you a wad of money?''
--);
•
H. R. CROWELL,
And to this, Choliy interjected:
Counsellor-at- law."
''Gee, that'd be· goo( ·luck, aunty; I ~ure do liopc
1\frs.' Brown read this note again anlr.-again. It
someone lea1·es yot.t a ~roll."
seemed . to satisfy IH:il' pinched heart;·. it seemei:l to
:\1rs. Brown shook he r h ~ad. She kn e w the folly ;.
e~ be l·, for the moment, to forget her hardships.
of expecting a "wad" from Cholly, Susan, or the others.
She· gazed at it, a look of happiness on her face and
So she sighed : '
soon
she imagined she had received such a letter. ·
"There ain't no dangr: o' that happening."
As
Mrs. Brown kissed that piece of paper, she
"You never can 'tell," Cholly philosophized. "J<'unnier
could se h er self sitting dowri to a Christmas. di~ner
th ings than that 'av'e happe ned in this funny· old world
of turkey •cranberr y_ sauce-and ·lots of other . ·good
~f ~urs. You're always liable .io get a letter sayin'
thin'
g s. A d then came disiJJusionment when she real't his is· to':in.form yop that you have fallen heir to ten
ized that t
a v ision-the piece of paper wasn't
mi ll yun greenbacks.' Yes s iree, 1 tell you , this is a
worth a row ·of pins. But, Mrs. Brown didn't throw it
funny little world." ·
· ·away; she carefully folded it again and returned it to
"I'd sell m y chance for the pl'ice of a turkey," said
her bag, and. soon· this worn , weary woman forgot
Mrs. BPown.
her idle dream.
Charlie didn't offer ·to pur chase. Nor did Susan. It
/
ll'as . talk, that's. all.
* *
Mrs. Brown s lowly repeated :
On the morrow, Mrs.· Brown a ppeared at 'Susan's /
I'
"With ·Ch ri stmas coming .J.'d be m ore'n glad to sell .
home 1·eady to do t he house. cleaning; she warked until
I
..,.~~lllllllllll..,.la•E'~<'
*
a
5f8
..
*
'·'
�io
The Western C,.wmrade
every bone and muscle in her body was sore and stiff.
Scrubbing floors was a little too trying for a . woman of
Mrs. Brown's age.
On arriving at her home again, Mrs. Brown slowly.
reached into her bag, for she wanted what solace that
letter could afford, but, to her surprise and disappointment, it was gone. Somehow, it had been iost
while working in Susan's home.
•
•
•
• The news spread, and before nightfall almost all
her re1ations, and there were many of them, learned of
aunty's good fortune. She was an heiress!
They literally mobbed her, _so .anxious were they
to congratulate this bewildered woman. Susan ~as
the first to appear. She carried something .wrapped
in a newspaper.
\
"Oh, aunty, aunty!"'' she cried; ''I'm awfully gladto see this." She handled the letter in a nervous
manner.
. " 'Tain't nothing to get excited over::_ said · Mrs.
Brown.
"Ain't it? Yes .it is, aunty! You're ~fully lucky.
Oh, let me 'ldss you, dear aunty!" ·
~he embraced tl~e old woman and kissed her.
" See, aunty, Cholly was right whim )le -said this ·
was a .f unny old world-oh, thank ~od, f~r this, aunty,
He did it--" ·
" 'Taint nothing," Mrs. B-ro'l\;n repeated .
"And aunty--" here Susan's voice sweetened. She
smiled. lovingly as she continued: "don't think we're
the kind as'll forget you, aunty, with Christmas so
_near. Oh, we ~was thinking of you, aunty, indeed we.
was."
Susan quickly tore away the , newspaper and ex- ·
hibited a fat turkey-·"Ain't this a dandy, aunty?" she asked. "You'll
h_?.ve turkey for Christmas-lucky aunty--_'.'Mrs. Brown looked at t hat piece of paper-that
flit of worthless paper-and s miled .
II
i
·- ,
Trarisi·tion Stage
By H e l e n U n t e r m a n
Ueep is the stir of the emotion after r eading the
wonderful book "Woman :'!nd Labor," by Olive Schreiner .
But we would faii to see th e greater value of the book,
w.e would not coma e hend its main message, were
we to be satisfied with the me re stirring of the emotion,
alone. The aroused soul must utilize its inner vibr~
tions by leading them into chanqels of practical activity. For in the practical application of our ideas lies ' the
i'reatest evolutionary force, the greatest value for all
· mankind.
"Woman and Labor" pictures in the clearest and
most fascinating manner the various transition stages
.. of wvoman's labor. And to understand these variot.\5
stages is · to understand all the manifold suffering and
pain connected with them. But what is more ! ' It is
to realize the necessity of it aii for the sake of progress.
Evolupon! ·.U nfoldment ! That is the· meaning of it
all! If we could but comprehend this, how wonderfully
it would ai( us in the transj.,tion' ·stage of today, the
greatest of ill, the changing from the individualistic
to the social sph~re. The growth, the unffilding and
uplifting that comes from such change, · a change that
transforms all our feeling; thinking and action, would
be welcomed/ by us with open arms. · .]'oy would take
the pJ,ace of 'pain. And it is joy that we "need because
it inspires to action. If we had but eyes to see and
ears to heAr we would no longer try to bold on to the
Old thereby stifling th e energies that would build up
· th e N,f!w. · Rightly would we interpret the little pain
messenger and s milingly we would say io him : "Olt
l know you, you are the e \·olutionary iTQpulse, · and I
needed your aid to -rotise me to action. Glad you
·.came!"
"But there is pain,'' ~om e will cry out. Indeed
th e re is. mu ch of it, _;:.e ry much. But the- pain does
. ..
'•
not lie in the change itself but ·in the social dis harmony,
the socia-l inequality, in our ignorance of social and
psychic laws. The inateri«i and m~tal. forces thathinder us from accomp1.1shing the · change-these are
. the real ·causes of our pain, For .observe the \~sition
stages of nature. Ti:J.ere the ffilrtn elements neede d
for the perfection of the change ar~ rest and activityand not pain. Take for instance a wintry day, a snowcovered ground~ Nature at such times is seemingly
dead. "But remove only a little of the snowy ground
and Ia! whom will you find? Spring, beautiful, glorious
Spring! It was just lulled to sleep by the friendly
snow tp gather fresh beauty, renewed energy for the
time of. his service. Social dishr.rmony is unkno\~· n
there, hence the absence of pain.
And so it should be with human transition sta'g es.
What we need to break the pain of. today. is to overcome social disharmony through collective f¥ ling,
collective thinking, anfl coll~cti'Ve wisely guided action.
The energy of every individual must be utilized to
build a new force against the old. The new force-rightly directed-wJJJ gradually conquer the old. Then
Discord will dissolve itself into Harmon y, Bondage into
Freedom, Confusion into Understanding and Hate into
Love. And then the unfoldmen t of mankind will bP.
carried on as spontaneously a s that of nature. Canr
you imagine the power and the lov e~ of a race that wi!JI
e li
the evolutionary ladde r -with joy and vitality,
ead of pain and weariness?
Let the wonderful powers of nature rest and inspirt
us. Le t us relate the never dying activities, the end ·
less creations of new fo rm s to our own indh·iduaJ ·and
social life and :Struggles. and trust that we s hall fif!d
our phice in them.
For, are we- not part of Natu re~
�T be Western Co iilr a d-e
11
Lewis ,J. Duncan. Socialist mayor of Btilte, Montana,
of milk, meat and other foods bas been pro ecuted, ha e,
is the political house-cleaner of that city. At the beuncruestionably; been the proximate ~uses
these imginning of hts administration he grabbed a figurative
provements touching the public health."
mop and has beertkeeping it in action ever since. And,
Duncan bas many oth~r things to his credit, but, it is
like the proverbial Silver-Dust Twins, he has made the
utterly impossible to even give mention fo half of them.
dirt tty so high that you couldn't see it with a teleHis' short tenure
office has been a brilliant succes .
>H'OP •.
All of which is a rather round-about-way of
It shows what happens when Socialists roll up - their
~aylng that he aimed for efficiency in municipal gov- ·
· sleeves and get to work. It. shows what representativese rnment, striving to bring order out of chaos and r~
of the working class c_!ln do w.hen given ·half a chance.
JIIaccd rank graft with com.petence,' sy<;tem and bon The plutocratic editors, in attacking Soclaltsm, never
fail to parade this well-known · bogy :
I'K ty. Which goes to prove that "he
:1c1 d just a s a Socialist official shoutd
., . .
"Beware of the Socialists! They
al'l, that he did what was expected of
will increase e«penditures and bank/
L
111m and that he lil'<'d up to the prinrupt the city!"
<'ipl •s of labor's internatioual Soci~l
That · sounds 'familiar, doesn-'t it?
lst partY.
Well, the actual trutts th.e fq;.
I 1111!<'311 has t·ommc•n<'t>d a task that
lowing:
will ht• tal{(•n up in <'l·ery uthE'r AmN'fhe Socialist adlllinis ti 11 in
it·;l!t t·i t y. The Soeialist ~ ·a rc t·om in~
Butte, for one · year, cost only $398,fni'W!ll'd with start lin g- ra pidity, dP784 .64. The anti-Socialist administra!t•rllliitPd to ~il't• tht• world a housPtion of two years ago. cost $460,292.64.
I'i<•aniug-, wi pt• away the' dirt ot' di:-;How is that for "bankrupting the
<'HH< ' , t h<· :-;C'ars of JHll't•rt ~- and then
city?" Sa_ving '$60,508.00 is a. peculiar
··on s tr11\·t. rt c·oJ!nnonwealth hascd on
kind of bankruptcy!
ill dn s t ria l dt•ntn<·rac·~· .... ~· hich means,
Some years ago, Du!lcan was
In I'~>;tli ! Y. that th e 1\'Urld s hall be long
preache r i~ a Unitarian chut'<).h
. ' at
I 0 I lto 1\'0rl\C'I'S.
Outte. He had a ~regation of _17taid,
And. it. i~ ju;;L sur·h administrations
dignified, respectabl e folk who WOI'
a s ar<• bein~ given tlw peop le of
dean collars when they went to
ih1l!P, l\lontana; Seltnectadr, New
- c hurch. 'fhey were the kind of peo\'or!;; ll rl<cl y, Calif., and s uch an
ple that threw soundless money .into
the collection bo" -no jingling dim es
t~ ilmini ~truliu n us was giren th e peoPI!.' of l\lllwauke , that will make the
wero used.
ron !I !o(.O !Htccess qui l(e r and more cer Duncan was getting along nicely,
A Polit:ca \ Housecleaner
giving the respectable people the re lltin. For, it i:; in suc·h demonstraspectable 'stuff they wanted. One day, Emma Goldman,
tions that 1{te peon!(' see Sodalist:-; at work doing-. t lw
q ueen of th e Anarchists, dropped into town. She was
th lugs lh<'Y bl!l· •e lin; and . as a naltlral result, they _ea n
1lci nothing but prai
and support- except if they bP •
bi lled to de live r a lecture on Ana•·chism . But, as
usually happens with the fie ry Emma: 't here wasn't a
pluto('ra.ts, dishonest polit iei!ius or subsidized uewS.JJ:l hall obtainable. The police harl...eJerytbing bottledj up.
llN edi'tors.
......
These ul)der-handed tactics to suppress free speech
Aft t' on
ar's serric·e, Mayo•· Duncan sent h_i_s
set Duncan's blood boiling. And-good beavens!-he
l'l'port to the memb'ers- 'of the citr coun cil, out~intng the
·immediately ex!)loded a bomb that was worse than anywtwk · d ue. and indiratiug scores of improvements in
one e ~· er dreamed \\'Ould come from a Unitarian minmuni ipal affair . It would· b impossible to Hen outiste r. He actually threw his church open and invited .
Jinl) th nchie\j lll<'nts, b humerottSare they. One th ing
he r to deliver her message.
stands u Jlrbminently : 'fh almo t unbeliel'able d Duncan said that he wasn't an Anarchist, 't!ut that he
in th number of infectious disea e and dis did believe in free speech. As a resl_!lt, be got the Anto hildr n. Thi year, say the revort.
gora of the staid, respectable deacons. In addition, the•
u 126 infecti..ou di ea es. During the
· ers ·commenced Ooc!Qng to his church. He, to tbe'
for
1910-11) the rE.> were 1,0 4. These . figur~
aswnishnienl of all, delivered bls message to the workon~incing 'story.
\
ers, telling them of the means that would result In their
• nd. wby should tbL h8J);Jen after onlr one y~ar of
salvation right here on earth. In other words, he talked
8 i:tlist rule ~ Th explanation i ea r ' to find. and
ocialism. And then, the deacons, minus their Angoras,
a Ids t the . r dit and spc 'al '\'alue of ocialist rule.
JJrcCEeded to administer the "can" to the Unitarian mfll:'11 \' Or Dun an gi\'e the reason in the following:
i_ter-he was fired. -But, the people of Butte didn't dis' 'The faithfulness and t>fficiency with which our ani(·barge- h im-they elected him to the oftice of mayor.
1 ry r e II tions han• been enforced and l he in peclion
of
of
r
...
....
�T b e Western . C O'mca.d e·
orls er o
e
By 0'\'-.
~~~~~=;t E
George W .. Carey
(aJk gJibfy allo t common things; b1!lli
now aii.d then. in our experiences, it
hapj)enff that s·o me strang e and &n ca ony
thing is pre~ented'oo tbe canvas of consei.ou!'!ness. These grotesf)ue actors on
the stage of our mental experience
f!Ometimes r,ass a way like the "baseles
fabric or a vision"-others rem ain and
refiiSf' to r!i !l!iOIVe or be exercised. :Maybe
lhf> ac-ror in the story I am writing will
!a!IP from the <·an\·;Hs of mPrnory after I ha\·e written
thP Him pl!, far·ts a!! I rt>rnr·mhPr them.
I wa!o\ li ving in a r·allin <•n thP :-ianra Cruz mountains
ahollt twr,ln· rniiP ~ from Ill.{' r·ity of Santa Cruz. .One
morni ng ahout X ,,·r-J or·k, a man r·alled a t my cabi n
and aHk ed f or an inlf·rviPw.
li e said his name was
l'lanrle H ay mond and ha<.:t il.v acid Pd. " my name is of
Iittlf' eo n se quPnr·P, hut '' h::~;t I shall rplate is of so much
r· onsl''llll'IH'I· thai it a ffr-r·ts thP \'P ry fonndation of
K('i<·rwP and all I'Htahlishr·d things." and he then looked
sr·arrhingly into my I'Yr·s and sa id, almost Yehernently:
" I t i !ol too mn<·h for onr· to hr·a r ; no man ea n hold such
a s.-c·rPt and livt• IW<•rity - follt' hours."
I IJpg-gr>d him to proc·<·ecl
with his story - the
~ ~ r a ugt·Ht , muHt \l' ~>ird ·story ,. ,·p r llttl'rc d in spe ech.
l tnymcm cl Jlroc·r·c •dr·rl a s follow s:
" I arrivf'd aLan A.!'J!·<>!Ia m i ning c·amp iu 1\l ay. 18[1(; .
Aft er a few w Pk H of JH'ospP('ting and inve stigat i on , I
hong h t h a l f in t erf' st in a f' l aim for $400, which was
ahonl all t h e monpy I hacl . My part n er' s name w;l!;
C'ar l Peterson. a SwedP.
~ "Ou r clai m co nsisted of a n irr egula r l ed ~ f decom J)~ s erl f]n artz. 1' he l edge was n!1 l y f r om thre'e-to five
fef't wi de. Small pockPts w er e fou nd occas ionall y that
('ontnlned go l d - beari ng (]ua r tz.
T h Ei wor k was sl ow
and.. te di o us. Ta k ing an ave r agP, we found was slo,·
profits net ted eac h of n s $)10 a mon th.
"O n e d ay, th e Swede came to camp grea tl y exci-ted
t nd said th at h e h ad seen a pictu r e of the 'U1 i ng: . and
that hE' ~~· o ul d n ot stay at th e camp another da~·. 0
co u r se, I had n o icl ea what hE' m eant hy the 'thir.;:;'.
"My parl.lter exp l ained , t elling m e that the I ndian s
had a tmdit:\Qh t h at many Y<'~S ago the ocean covered
al~ th~ l and in ~rizona exce11t the mountai n , which
\\'ere islands, and that the ruler of the islands was a
spa inonster, about one hundred f eet in length, with
head and neq.k of a human, body like a lion, taperin
hack to · a tlsft tail. It was claimed by the fndians that
th e monster had perfe ctl y formed hands and that i t
worshipped at ce rtain places wh ere crude erosses had
h<><'ll E' l'ec t ed by m eal1s un"t-nown .
• · "Crude ca1·vings of thi s 'thing' w ere known to exist
on t'Ock s in that rf!gion. hu t it w as conside r ed u ufortun at~ to find one.
Howei'E'r, I persuaded my part ner to
ta k e m~ to see t he 'llkl\lr<:>', as he called- i t. lt v.-as,a _
'little above our rmtll, wher(.> we had passed along mlU\y
times. Th~ canill.g' was on tile smootlt surme of a
lar~ s~ab of slate-stone ro
WhQe\'er 'IITOu.giht Ule
lmagp \\..as a mast'E'r haill'd. 'T!J<e carYing represented
...
be Gorge
t
a monster ind ed'-th~ roan's bead!. iu~ck....ar~s. a ndi
ha.n d
WeFe traced ID l\nes Of awfu} bea\lt:o·. . . l only
glanced a~ the pictured 'thing'. when · ID..'-' partner pulled
me away and "-·e hurriedly returned to our camp. Peterson seemed half ·craz:ed and urgett me to go away with
him. H'e said that we mu t seH out and lea\'e Ari21oua.
··r agreed, and · we packed up. ·we w ent to the little
to..vn and bunted up ·a R,ussian named ~iC'k Jartson,
and after much bickering and dickering succeeded in
selling -out for the pitiful sum of six hundred dollar · .
" T be following day l<"\Yas relatin g the tory of the
carYing to a dozen miner , when a -gip y 3Jlproaehed thE'
group and beckoned to me. I step)led aside. and she
s1}id. ' I ba\·e a me age for you .' I thought sht' impl y
wanted twen t y-fiy e cents for .telling my fortune. and
told he1· to go ahea d.
"The gipsy' s revelation tarlltfd m e hE'YOllll nlf'asure.
She said there was a ca r e ia th E' anta ruz mount-ns
that contained untold wealth. Sh e aid th at _}.J1n nish
pirates had d eposited a milli!>n dollars 1 gold and
precj!)us s ton es _in this caY e nearl y 11. ernt11ry al!o. Siltgave me a map of the country and said tha t I mH st go
and secure the great weaith .
"The gipsy th en warned m ~ ·. to hP\I'a r of thf' ' thin g'
that mad~>. r egular pilgrimagE's to the cave and wor shiped there. Sh e said that all who lool<N l upon th e
monster's awful form W<'rP s r rif'ken w!~h n fatal
malady and soo n di ed . Sh <; a l so said thnt tlh ~~\· ing
on the rock that I h ad o ~crltwd~s 11 pic-titre.. 6f the
monster and that it liv Pd i t• . : ' Par·i f!r- lkl'l\11
"I arrh·ed i'n Santa ('ruz. and nr,. • inquir·i•·s nhoul
the m ou ntai ns. but found no onp \1 ho krto
of a f'U\'C
i n the section indi ca t ed 011 the glp~y·~< !'rudP 11Hi,
" Y ester day I found th e cave. It wa s ~l tunH · •i i n th e
side of the deep gorge just WE'St 'or th is r·ahl11 . When
I entered the cave I saw signs that i11dkat<'d t hat sorn<'
large, J{ea \·y ob j ect had smoothed away th e \'Pgeta liQ11
and mad"e a path from the mouth of th e c·a,·p down th e
gor g e to\~:ard the ocean. The cave wa s lighted hy tlw
refle ct ion of a pile of dazzling gems at the foot of an
alt ar surmounted by a eross cut from ~:~ uNd gold quartz.
By the altar' I found a pool of t'tear <:old water, ar\d on
its brink ~he most beaHtiful CUI> I have ever Hf-en; it
was cal'l'ed out of a garnet. Diamond s. nrhles, pearl s
and gold c-oins were pil ed in heaps all abou t the pool
and c-ross. So at iast I was in the ea,·e tl,ese r·! bed by
the gipsy, and tbe wealth of the Hothsch ild s wa1> unveiled if- a h. the 'thing'-if l could only secure t.ite
gold and gems w ithou t an en cou n ter· with the sea
.
'
r
"I had a sack th at I intended to fill wlth the vre>- .,
to fill it with diarnoudli, pearls,
rubies and some of the old Svanish coins.
cwus find , and proceeded
"Suddenly J was fill€d with an awful fear that the
"thing' wa.s near, an d J ran to lthe e;ne opening · and
ga"red down l.be path and .saw emerging from the hu.sJ:tes
a bJ.>ing that b:alUed·lleserlJit'ion. · Jt was movivg sl owh'.
and majesti.caiiy up the inc-line towaJ·ds the cave.
IllS
�-·
T h e Western Comr -:r-d e
13
Joaquin Mlller;s-
head was raised ten or twelve feet from the ground
an d its hands were crossed upon its breast.
"The length of the awful shape seemed interminable
as it was dragged forth from the bushes in the go~e.
"All this I took in at a glance and then 1led to the
most remote interior o.f the ca,·e. Gold and diamonds
ha d lost their lure and I thought fuat my last moment
•Ill earth had arrived.
Crowding against the back wall
ur the cave, about sixty feet from the cross and poql,
I looked out to the mouth of the cave and saw the
lle\·out !\1onster bow its human head and enter the
.;anctuary and re,·erently approach the altar and baprromal font, for baptismal font it surely was.
.,
La~t
Poem
Almost as he passed within the portafs of the worid
. beyond this life, Joafluin Miller, "Poet of
Sie~s,"
· wrote his last poem. It was on the Friday bef~.,re he
died, after he knew that death was .near, that he gave
to his ·re the pieces of pa.per on which he .had written
the beautiful sentiment. "This is my last message to
the world," h e told her. The Western Comrade counts
itself fortunate to be able to give tq its readers this
last treasure from. Joaquin. Miller's pen. These are
the liqes:
the
"! shall never know if this wondrous being knew of
rny presence at all; or if it did that, it simply consi dered my presence as I would think of an ant or fly.
"Strange to say, as I looked at the features of the
· Huler of the Is land s'-as the Indian tradition had itill e dread feeling of f<'ar passed a~\·ay to · be supplanted
l•y a soothing sense of resignation. re\'erence and awe.
As r gazed at this creature. more wonderful than any
rnythologica l god of the ancients, it bowed its massive
· llPad as if in pray<'r. I . fe lt for a moment that my . r.e~
.;on was Jc,av ing me, but I was aroused to sanity'-1:Jy_
I ilL" god ra hing its !wad and cha nting a strain of song
"l'i rd and wild eno ugh to ha\·e delighted the soul of
IIH Quincy.
"Then the DHout Monster took th e cup in its
mighty hand, dipped it full of water from the pool and
poured it on its head; after thi s baptism it stretched
rr~('lf out on the ground and lay perfectly still.
"The desire to escape iii ized m e , and I cautiously
pass d out of the cave, almost brushing against the
•·normous form dr' the 'tliing.' Once out of the cave, J
ran down the trail for a hundred yards and then climbed .
ll p the side of th e rocky gorge, pulling mystlf a long by
ill<' buNhPs. fe rn ~ and shrubs. I soon gained the top of
I he rfd ge and th e road. and fonnd an . Italian's cabin
:<ituated in a vine yard within Jess than two miles of the
•·ave. I told th e Italian that I was a sur veyor and was
!ired out... I asked to stay 0\·er night. a favor which he
.::ranted cheerfully.
'"fhe sin was O\·ercast with dark clouds and th-e
rtali!ln said a !Ji g storm was coming. You know about
ilw terrific rail) and ·wind of last night.
"This morning at daybreak I hurrie d back to the
cave, te lling my {riend that. I must go back to Santa
l'ruz. Can you iuniline my feelings~·hen I arrived near
1 he seene of yesterday's adventure and found that· a
•
mighty landslide had swept the side of the gorge where
tne cave w'a s located and piled tan million tons of debris
into the gorge '?"
His story · e n de~. the stranger rose to go. Before
lea ving me. he· said: "Let me see.; what was it the
p;ipsy said? Ah. yes, now I remember. 'No one cim
lc>ok upon that awful thing and Jive!'"
'rl1e·n. with a sigh, my strange visitor hurried away.
Without a minute's delay I started for the gorge to
"<'e if th e slide had occurred as described, and wa-s
s1 artled to find that he had told the truth!
On my return, l stumbled over a human fo-rm. Looking down, I wrrs astounded to see the body of' a man. It
was the strange man who told !lle that strange story of
the monster of th e gor·ge.
"Could I but teach man to believe,
Could I but make small men to grow,'
To break frail spider webs that weave
About their thews and bind them low.
auld I but sing one song and lay
Grim Doubt; I then could go toy way
In tranquil silence, glad, serene,
A.Hd satisfied, from off · the S"ene.
But, ah this disbelief, .t-his D~ul:it,
\ ·. . . I
This 'doubt of G.od, this doubt of good. ~
The damned spot will not out.
"Wouldst learn to know one little flower.
Its perfume, perfect form and .hue? ~
Yea, wouldst thou have one perfect hour
Of all the years that come to you?
Then grow as God hath planted , grow
A lordly oak or daisy low,
As he hath set his garde~; be
· Just what thou art, or grass or -tr.ec.
.Thy t reasures up in h eaven laid
Await thy stire ascending soul,
Life after life- be not afraid!"
SONG OF T HE NEW FAI :r H
By E . Nesbit
\Yheth r leading the va n of the fi.gh ters
In the bitterest stress of the strife.
Or patiently bearing the burden
Of a changelessly commonplace life;
One Hope we have ever before us,
One aim to attain and fu lflll'-One watchword we cherish to mark us,
One Kindred and Brotherhood still.
What matter if fai~ure on failure
Crowd closely upon us and press?
hell an hundred have bravely, been beaten,
he bimdred-and-flrst wins success!
· watchword is ".Freedor;n"- new soldiers
lock eac)l day when her flag is unfurled !
\3
·~ ·
~
r cry is the cry of the agell!
·
Our Hope is the Hope of the World !
G IVE THANKS
Give -thanks with all thy flamin g heartCrave but to have in it a ·. part,
Give thanks and c1asp· thy heritage
To be · alive in such an age.
I
t_;
�14
The Wester ri - Com r
~
e
The Conversion
of TOIIt~
By . Arthur
R.
Characters:
Tom , an Industrial Unionist, who
doesn't believe in political action. Dick, a Socialist, who
does.
Time: The present.
Scene: Dick's study, which is also his dining- room,
dormitory, kitchen, etc. Dick is seated at his typewriter,
working on a Socialist article\ which he has entitled
"The Big Union." Tom stands behind him , hands in
pockets, reading as the other writes.
more of• his employer's interests than he does of his
m\·n. He can't even vote a '·capitalist ticket, can· he?
Well, he can, and he does-mi llions of him."
Tom, shifting his ground: ~·Anyway , your professional man can' t represent labor faithfully in the legislature. It's against his class interest." This gives Dick
im ii:lea for his next tiaragraph, so he rattles away:
''Sometimes a Briand or a Millerand proves false; but
Dick, hamm ering all·ay:
the traitors are repudiated and the ranks elose up again.
In · nearly -all cases, howe ver, the 'intellecfual' i's true
":V1any men in many land s compr ise the membership
the men 1 who elect him. At any i·ate the capitalis ts
of the l.Jiggest. Iahor union in the world. ·Uns killed laborers are me mhers or the uig union, and they take
be lieve tliat he will be, for they always 'fuse' to beat
him at the polls. Th e y do more: th ey pass lab or le'g isequal rank with all tlw res t. Craft work e rs are meml.Jprs 'of th e big union. and they take e qual rank with .
lation-such as it is-to head
the Soctalist vote. "
all th e resl. i:'lmall farm e rs. self -employed ('ity work e rs,
Tom, grudging ly. rolling a rigarette: "'Su h a s it
i.-;,' is goorl. " ·
and profess ional me u are me mhPrs of th e !Jig union.
Dick, typing rapidly:
and thC'Y tak e equa l rank 11· ith all the i·es t.
Tom, rea{]ing with growing tln f'as iness. thC'n glanc ''But des pite all its e ne mies ca n do, th e bjg union
ing again at the title': "Hold on. old man! Ar e n't
g;ro11·~. In Germany, th e slums are wiped out in th e
you htPaling some of our thtt tlller -- lndu s triali st thund e r.
big c:ties- to head off th e Sociali ~t 1·ote. Iu England.
I nH'an '! "
th e 11·orkers receil·e an old-&ge pe ri s jon-to head off
llic·k. without look around: "Certainl y uot." Th f' n
1 he Socialist \'Ole-.
In California, th~ women get the
hn finish<' S the paragraph:
e ight - hour day-to he ad off the Socialis t vote .
"Ant! llH'rt' are nt C' n o f 11·ca lth 11·ho a r e m e mb ers of
Tom, impati e ntly, and forgetting to light his c igathP big union, and th ey talc~"equa l rank with all th e
rette: "llut I t e ll you tl.at you ca n't get anything by I
rc•s t.
I-lo11·'s that, Tom 0 " he asks his fri e nd.
1·oting-. · Th e re are four million s of iu.em1llQr.ed work e r i(..,
Tom. in deep clisgust: " \\'h at right has a man of
t1l this ~·o11ntr~· . I'm on e of th e m ,"- proudly. " What
WPa lt h to hP a mcmiJpr of a Jailor organization, as you
. g-oort' is voting going to do them ?-or me?'' .
cal l it?" ...
Dick. appare ntly engrossed in hi s typing:
Did": ''O il. th ere are non e too many of th e m in
"And the C'ap italists may yei. be driv e n to pro1·id e
it to s uit me. But t e ll m e, Tom,' ' . he asks sly ly, in tum:
stille work for the unemploy e d- to head off th e Socialist
" \\'hat ri!!;ht has a workingman t.o organize one muon
vote."
to 'scal.J' on another?" He chuck les to himse lf as his
\ Tom. appall ed at th e prospert and quit e losing his
"'
.
compan ion tri es to think of a s um c ic ntly cr ushing rehead: '':-\o . si t"; 1'11--'-1'11 e migrat e first.'' Then sh ifting
tort, then typ es away again:
'· h is ground agaill: "'The Rig l ' nion ,' indeed! That's
"Of cou r se . th ere are wealth y men ll'hiJ join t be
OUR idea, Dick. That's what we ca ll ·ouR organiza!Jig union for their own private ends. l.Jut they drop out.
ti n- the lndm;tria l ·work e r s of the World. \Ve' 1·e got
Anarchists hal' e ' even been known to join , to ad1·ocate
it all figur e d out - " He stops t o li ght hi s c igare tte.
the 'propaganda of <teed,' but they drop out. Occasional"Yes- on paper. N~ you ,,·ant to
Dick, dry J~·:
ly, Industrialists
don't believe it poli tical action
mak e it a reaJio·.. Explain it to the workers- to the
become members of the . organization, but the; dropran k and ti le. I mean - and no doubt in tim e they' ll
•
out.
adopt it. That's how we l.Jrought o1· e r a lot of pureTom, with ronviction: "You ~et they do!"
and-simp le trades unionists· to polit ira I artion , and s~on
-D ick, finishing th e·· l)aragrap li a nd und ersco ring the
er or lat e r we sha ll con 1· e rt the r est. "
I
words:
Tom, choking on a mouthful of toba cco- smo ke:
" Ot· they are .kicked out."
vert nothing: \\' e are going to smash their old
He goes on typing:
lll)iOt and expose the rotten grafters that ~re running
"Every member of th e big union carries a red card
them. Th e n we are going to r eo rganize th e work ers
in )ti s •pocket. H 'is his pate n t. of 'c lass consciousness.
into tl
. \\·. \ V., and when the tim e is ripe , we are
And he stic ks a dues-stamp on it eve r y month."
going to call a general strik e, and-- "
Tom , protes ting aga in : "Now. there 's no sense to
Dick, inte rrupting: "Not so fa st, Tom. \Ve can 't
that, Dick. You kn ow that a wealthy man can't be c lassmarshall all the workers to the ballot - bo x- "
conscious. Re can't even have th e interests of th.e
Tom: "You bet your life you can't."
worldngman at lleat'l ."
Dick: "But you can get Lhe m to abandon the orDick : "Oh, piffle!" And t he n . mimicking the ot h gan izations whi c h are at pres.e nt their only defense
e r: "You kn ow , Tom. that a work ingman can't think
agai nst capitalism. 't'ou can get them to dese r t the
to
off
wft9
. ..
�15
T h e Wester n Co m .r a t1-e
leaders they themselves elect. You can-reorganize them
into a· union which antagonizes them every day. And
rhen, when you hold up your little finger, they will all
4
Jay down their tools and--"
Tom, eagerly: ''That's the idea. Overturn the capitalist system at a stroke. Sabotage. Revolution. One
big union of all the workers to fignt the one big union
of all the shi rker s." His eye gleams; his '!best expands; his nostrils emit columns of smoke as he sniffs
tho battle from afar.
Uick, looking around : "Gu on . F'lap your ears.
Don't mind me."
Tom, nettled but thinking it over. "\Veil, I'm always open to conviction ."
Dic·k. turning to his machine: "Conv iction! I'd
makP it six months- in a st raight jacke t." Then he
c-latters away again~
")fpantimr, th e hig political union of 'the worke rs,
It'll m illions Rtron g, man.:lv·s on to cenain ·victory.
In
Anl(•ri<·a, tlw People'~ !'arty E'JltPrs th e lists against it,
hut is Cflli<-kly left hel.liil'l. The l' nion Lnbor Party, a
J•Hf'tldo - labor orga ni za tion . has a meteorie career, and
(· JHI. Tlw l'rogrcssil·cs la 11n c·h a part~· to sa \·e the
\\' ork!~ r ~ without getting off the ir backs; hut the latter
111ny liP saf<'IY left to llc·al \\'ith th em- -"
Totti . growing intN!'SlNl : "That's what."
IJirk. 1·ontinuing to typP: ''And th e lnllu slria l Worl< •·r·s of th f' Wor ld. th e organization of unski lll'd labor in
thi s r·ou ntr,\·, mu " t. Roon1•r or lat pr wh ePI into line fo r
tl1t> politiral tight ."
Torn , imprpssE'd hy· thP illNt~ " Tli f' l'f'·~ ~O IIlPiliing
in that, ton, ( ' CIIlW to lliink of it . lint \'iJH·Pnt St . .fohn
'" '-
Dick, a bs ently hAnding an application- blank over hisshoulder: "Here, you chump! Take this." Then he
goes .on:
,
.
..
"War- clouds gather in Europe, but the big union
lays down the law, a nd_ the clOuds dispers e. 'f'YO Industrialists are headed for the gallows; but the 1abor
politicians' take up their ·fight, and the two ate freed.
Every year the organization grm\•s bigger, _more classconscious,~ more cer tain of its destiny, the abolition of
the wage system."
Tom, weakenfng: "It sounds all r ight, Dick. Bu.t"anxiously-"don't you think you place too much confidence in your leaders ? B1U Haywood says--"
Dick, derisively interrupting: ''Oh, of course we do.
But you don't, do you?" Then, imitating the-other again:
"Vincent St. John says _
J;lill Haywood sa·ys
Honestly, Tom, do you know where you ought to be?"
Tom, g1'inning: "In a padded cell, I suppose. But. . what wouYI ygu advise me to do?"
Dick, tn1ing the ans\yer, whi ch is also the conclud ing sentence of his article :
".Join the big union of the 'll·orking class. the In ternational Socialist Party of the \\'orld." H e . wings
sharply around and watches his friend, as the atter
thoughtfu])y reads what he has writte n .
Tom, suddenly making up his mind. · "y'ou arE;! right.
Dick. I me an about the· padded cell." He takes out a
'pencil and starts to scribble his name on the application
blan k which he still holds in his hand. Then he pauseR.
Dick : "W ell?"
Tom, grinning ·again· as h.e finishes writing his
nam e : "I guess, old man, you'll ha\'e to advance l;l1e
tho fifty C€nts."
f
(j
The Socialist Party
('um pos t•d of
llll'n and wom e n who are dream ing the
world's !\' re ute~t drea m , the Socialist party is the most
t"'ll<:t i<'ltl pa n y in th e history of organized politi cs.
'l'he Sodalist party ne ve r disband s. It is as ready
111 fi gh t after e lection as b<>fo re. Its stat us re mains the
~!l llll' ,
.....
The 'oc·ialist vart
ccepts no person to me mbership
who does not gi\·e allegian('e to its principles. It wan~s
nmH' but the sincere. It seeks not m erely numbers,
btl! numb rs o f people who be lieve in its principles.
The ocialist part)/ wants to grow no faster than its
are acceptt!d. And often it makes deep in . principl
\'estigalion of a prospective member before he is aill'lWE'd to so much a apply fo1· a place on the rolls of
tho l ' Yolutlon .
~o iall' t pay ~ue . They do this to enable the
work f com·e r ion to · their principles to be continued
t matically. In tbi they are extremely practical. In
an ag of organization they adopt the principia in its
be norm. They do not traggle up to the enem'y in
rag d, undi ciplined disorganization. They march
forth. ompactly, di ciplined, well ordered.
o iali t rule from the bottom. They elect officers
- A Practical
Modern Machine
\
for their organiz'a tion. They watch th e ir officers. They
,.ommand through the re(erendum. They make known
their desires through the initiative. They express their
•
dissatisfaction
throu ~; h the recall.
They practice democracy.
The person who ''doesn't like the pe&p.l.e in control"
has no argument in the Socialist party. His voice is as
weighty as the voice of any other.
The Socialist party is always responsible for its acts
because it Is always tangibfe; always THERE.
Every per,son \'{hose views are e xpressed In the dem nd; of the Socialist party . should join the party. It
is Ui only RIGHT thing to do.
THE M ORNING CO M E S
\\ e are tiptoe for the morning, and we catch the radiapt beams.
W.e beh1>1d -the heavens clearing with the glory of our
dreams.
"'e are pres ing to the splendor, we are reaching toward
the light.
~ e shall see the earth· in beauty in the en,!ling of the
night.
�-
The Western Comrade
16
The Ransom
llEGAN writing a novel of · a medieval
baron who was to maro; a daughter of a
··water-e~ting" farm er, against _
all the
·customE and trad-itions of the suzeraineuus Japanese history, an out-of-date,
ruse -washed, opulent romance with lots
of duels and abrupt meetings, when my,
friend, Tanaka, slipped into my library
as sneakedly as a Tokyo 1!-ewspaperman,
and tossed the brave baron in the air
with a motion of his eigarette-stitined linger.
'"What's the news, ne ws- man?"
Tanaka was full of humor thiS" morning, which mad e
111 e suspect either he was dead broke OF nursing a des Jit•rate prank down in h,i:; infernaj psychology.
" Have a heav en-climbing sche me !
Firs t let
111e quut" my soul-ele vating proverb; "Drink and then
li g ht!·
Uuocl stu ff, did you ge t this over Shinbas lri's '?" '
Uem·rally, do not ins pire myse lf with absinthe like_
l'aul \ "!c' rlaine before or after l write, hut, th i:; morning,
hy chance, I happened to have two glasses and an imported fla s k on the shelf.
"Oh, I know now Tanaka! You just discovered the
residenc-e of th e beautiful girl'"\vhum you met at a con<-Prt and follow ed to see he r \·anbh in th e air. Am I
prophe tically right? ~
"The girl?
A .{!!?_Y s mil e curled up behind
Iri s mu.stache, which , however, fritte d away as he
;,macked his lips greedily.
0, l wish I knew
whe re she li\'es !
I really am in love with her.
The day before yesterday, too, I saw h·e r in Hongo, on
a rikisj1a. She is worth my life, old friend. Not that
romance though today.
"Listen, you, recluse and money-spender, you no
doubt beard about the terrible downfall of the Saionji
privy cou.ncil last night. All of them, up from the
premier down to the twenty-ye n-a-month parasite, resigned for the royal cause of the disagreeme nt between '
th e m and the ministe r of Army, Uehara, who insisted
"Enough!
admire your genius; but, if
it was the recitillfi_Of your own arJJ.cle which the last
night's extra printcil, I wish you kindly do that at the
dusty street corner of Kanda, instead of disturbi~g - a
man of letters. Politics and the insurance agents are
always in the habit of seeing me shut the door before
.dJ eir faces."
you are so Cse ! This staiP romance of Kama kura will not bring you a hokd copper. I have _a
s ieveful of money co mi~g. Yes, coming from this
case. If this goes w ~ll . we will divide it into two. A
million; each! - .
Are you on? The treasure is
hidden in . the bottom of this sinister downfall of the
Saionji cabinet .
the government of the_ people·.
"Well. novelist, do you 'really know where tbe denouement of this _s udde n political tragedy is .hidden?
I'll sho\v you later.
"li'iJ·st, the stubborn Uehara, the army minister, as
said; 0, he is an iron-headed, steel-boned simpleton,
.. o.
By Herolchlro
K. Myderco
nothing but a mere scare-crow,
as I said, this
man reported th~ expansion of the nat,ional' a·rn~ent,
especially, th~ army, according to his program >\ which
w.as utterly against th~ interest of _the Saionjl cabinet.
But, t~is bull stuck to his horn, and raved about the
s acred hedge of the new Mikado; and, at last, said,
self-disgustingly and precariously, that since his
opinion, which was based on his insight of the international politics, could not be used by the present government, his existence as the minister of army was
only a nominal play. Then, peevishly, he resigned.
This is the famous trick of Prince Katsura,
O~ama, and many other jealous red d_e vils who work
within -Ule black curtain of tbe stage. Uehara )Vas
simply wedged in by these monster exministers, COf"
fin-marlufacturing tyrants, whose i)lt_e rests were not
in common with those of Japan and Japanese, name ly,
of the cabinet of Prince Saio.pji.
"The noble Prince Saionji knew that if we\ had four
more regin~ e nts in J?-pan. th e suffering of \he poor
would be as bad as if they had another Russo-J~~~e
war.
"So, be fought with all the braveness of ·his heart.
But, no use, Saito and his men were against one of
the greatest fi,nanciers of the country; " .
. the
Japanese Rockefeller, Yano, the capitalist of capitalists,
the talking mint, the golde n de mon, who backed the
bald -headed - politicians, such as Katsu ra, Oyama,
Yamagata, Yenouye."
Tapaka's searching eyes flashed through the gl~
- of the amber liquor, a nd as be lit IllS-cigarette hls
ra.und oracle face twitched into a cynical _s mile.
"You know how I came to d i:;cover this?
know no one else has scented this except the m yste • rious dragon reporter, with a pair of Mephisto-eyes,
Kant's brain, and the feet of SYengali, . whose celestial
name is Re porter No. 3 of 'The Morning Sun,' Mr. S.
\ Tanaka, pseudonym charitably ·omitted.
"No matter, you shall share my whispe r. . . . Last
ni ght, as I felt a li ttle tired with th e t ranslations of
t he English cablegrams, I took a long walk through the
s treets of Aoyama, toward my home. Do you know
how many auto!TlDbiles we haYe in._.!okyo, dreamer? \
Well , at present there are four hundred and thirty-six.
Among these, r can a lways single out a green Detoroito car manufactured in Detoroito. 'Merica, a fast
children killer , too, owned by no other person than
Honorable Yano .
"'It came self-pn)pelling the twilight street, as I
mbled along, with" its primitive honk and beasty buzz,
an nearly cut my slee\·e .off my kimono with its speed.
Be f re it vanished in the mansion, howe-ver, I saw a
piec . o '4\aper flying out of it. It did not drop like a
ill which the rider threw to help a pessimistic
news-creator, whose hungry eyes might have struck
him with pity: No, it just flew down from the car as
the wil).d caught it from his open pocket book. Thanks
to the wind!
Lo, a t elegram!
. . Addressed to Honorable Y~no, - from th e ex-premier T .
Katsura. Here it is."
The object he carefull y unfolde d was an official
�..The
t€J~am,
Jt
•~
vrtnted in the Japanese alpbabet:
"lfmwrabJe Yano; Your ftnant.-talsutteSS is
n~nr, S:awnJi t~lt W ~ are1wimmiog tn the
tl~ tM~ again. We wtll see you i n the cele-
br:atkm.
''TARO KATSURA."
"Q;ftnt. tlefH'tmil! • : :• ,1
rlmm •d
cried, d r opping my gold
~poc'UU:'leH, JKIIInding my lhst IIJtOn the romantic
dl•llwrivtlm; of Uw Jo(:al ~:olor, which was spreading from
ttl~ llrilt. vage t11 the tweniY -IH?cond in a gorgeous array
1m ttw table.
''l'lllo tho point?''
''Hut, who wa11 In th1• mr?"
"Yarw,
nw 1'"1'('1'
of I!OUrllt>!
M)' eyes ne\·er mislead
wlH•n l judi-'<' tlw
hinese peddler's silk.
0 , I ~-:au l nrllj.;'hw how he got nervous abou t this
J!lfll'l' of JIIIJif'l', MII•J' !11• clhwuvPr >d lis lo!!l!. H e seen:s
Ill lHH'I' tWIJH' Hlll'l of l'l•l t•IH·a!lun, 3(:rord i n ~ to t his tel~::1/.l'li fll, fl1•htK a 1'1'1'111'11'1', l mrgh t !J • t he first o ne w ho
11111111'~ atlt llll II. . . . \\'r• JI, anyhow, ht>'re · i s ou;
hilllilllll. Wor·r 111 1111 1wo ld:lC'k - mai l£'n.; !"
'' fl ll l. lilY tl t•HJ' rrl!'llll. I [!Ill Kk epti cal.
"'l'ht• "I I IIU I I111 1 Jt ••t·d~ toltl' irnnw d ia l ~' acl i oJt. Th is
fi ii'II II K (t j.l l't•ll f d r•nl for lhUI Kl lk - hcggar. riC'e- l'ender.
<'Oil l · pPlllliPI', Ma rll'liH· J.Ifl ll l ln : for til t• •xposilion would
IHf ll fl. ll l lll , f'n<·u 111 l'n•·t•, u~-:n ln s t lil t' wtiol e, pnpulation
td .fnpnn."
I l fl O)( f'llll y 11'11 rnl rllllo 'K to
r· on ~ ull
lit
mutter to
" '" " ""'' '"' tllld dt•llll J.ltid K, lht•n, mad e- up my mind to
!liP l't •~ l of lh P da ,l ' 1\1-( rl'!'fliol y with lilY fri end .
" l ,t•! II " t< I UI' I n'o w, 1111' 11 ."
" 1.1' 1 11 ~ ill'~ ( ~ tllil~· IIIII' Hll'att>gy. Now, a ~ I heard .
till "' 1111111 I ~< IL lo(I'Pnt (·onnol foi~ PIII' of nre ~ He bought
lltl t• l,l ' 11 l't1 1ll pl t•<•t• of RrRAhll from a hungry artist.
~ u~· . I hl\1'1' II!
\\' hnt do you lhink of this?
You tnlu• ul'l' th iH Rl ·roll of Gaho from your
lllii'Ht',l , 11' 1'1111 II In 1\ pllt'plt• Rill<, und go as an artist
f l'il'llil ll f llll\11 ; I ht•n," ni'IPt' ,II' (' fHI.SS Into his parlor, you
llllii'I'UP II t1!1d Kn ~· :
' \\'nultl you b ldnd enough to
hn~· till ~< for nt;o '! ' . . , t he11. of r oiii'Se, h
tries to
Jll' k ~· 11 ; ll'h Pn I. f'!llllltll-\ out of your sill
and speak:
' lltllllll'nhlt • '\'a no. •1 hn l''ro !lin' II you buy many treasures
flf Ii i' ( ;
II Ili\' , If ) ' 011 Rr(' genei'OUS enough to
I ll! ~' 11 On ho, w i ll yon til<'ns l o It nt whnt I have for
1'111 1 1'~' . • . An1t. Ollt Nl llH· ~ my t el egram . \Vithout
ttlll tlll ll\llt·h hl'l'nth t't•o m h ls· molll h I will start n r egu lt\1' Hll!'tlon.
'l'w o m i ll ioH. , no I ss, no mor !
~ ~ t hnt ?"
...
\\'lth ll uod tll' tt dm im llon, 1 t k o~· my ooty land !'l'lll' of Onho, ond 111-\H!::NI t wo rik' ha . In n few
mhHII\'1' .. '"' W\•1'(' ~hooth11:: ou1· Sll ulat h·e way a
fu I ~~~ fmtt' U\\\' 11 ~' hmnnn him~
ul d ur~~- u:.
'l'ht• ~lll'hl • wn~ dt'\'l\lllitl~ sup/n on h r ba k along
thl' tlslng jll~lntlositlt:>n f )link, btu indigo. ,nn-t on
t>nwml l nnd tlw llroad ,'tll'lng tm. Th gnarled pine
~€'1'\'t•nln~ot' n lin~hflll 11~nth \'('r a bamboo f uc • au "old
th\mt•'\ dlt'l'l')' d~o"ln '"'''" _gr(' · u idol of th~ Buddh a,
t h~ ltht~t I~· w llh~w tum bin~ ht>r hnir on•r the mirror
tlf n Jltmd, tht> !'low JIN~tmlmlatiot · f
roup of flow rhllnlln~ tl""llll'. . • .
n~rytbin in tb streets promt;\\\(1 ll ~'\)l)tl hlli.'Kl"l'tmnd for m_y n\'W no\'eL But. omehO\\\ HI{' tlk-tt~.-;1 jin{o':l.- of one million il\'er roin
t-h;a11~''\l lh"' ~ntir.- lU\'('h~tui;m of my t'.ranium, and I
tlll\~' t.-•t thiilt \\'1' Wt'l'\' ft~·in~~ ta lb\"
t
l@o of
~ IJ P IIil
nm:
•
-·
Western Comrade
1
Present.I.T. we drew in a graveled-landing. tbrougb
a )azge Yedo-gate. where, hundre¢; ot automobiles and
~has were ~ in the
ganlen.
"'Surely, sometblng up, .old. man!'•
Tanaka anxioust?lmttted-his brow~.
uTano-"mow ! Tano-mow!"
A s tewar d, dressed in a black baori and blue silk ·•
skirt came out. and watched' our faces with the· dignity of a bull:dog,
samurai, and -an EngU b butler,
combined.
'"We, two, desire an immediate i.J:lterview with , the
master of the bouse, Mr~ Yano . .~ . on a ver~. !mportant private business."
"Honorable cards, please!"
He reappeared some · minutes Inter and,> witJh a
gra~eful bow, we were ushered in.
"Yha, . . . wel~ome, sirs; though it's my bumbie
habit not to see any newsp-a permen, I will accept your
greetings to day, as !fou were kind enough to call for
m y daughter's w edding ceremony. She just got through
her formal reception, but, hearing that Yilt!,_ were gqod
friends of her, I suppose she will be delighted to see
you. Come right in, this . way, please."
Yano· was a fine looking old fellow·, wit h very little .
of sympathy for two black- mallers. He neither waited
for a word of greeting from us, nor wasted his hundredyen-worth moment in watching me upwrap the picture.
His brusque hands opened .t he sliding panels, and
nodded toward us in his aristocratic "hurry-up" mi)Jtner.
Spel l - bound, w e crossed three rooms. At the fourth,
w e sat face to face with the beautiful daiigh ter of Mr.
Yano. Knowing Tanak a from his early vagabondage
of the brilliant poverty, my estimation of him as a
good actor n~ver deceived me. But, I found today thittI was gravely l!'isl aken. There was nothing crispy
about his manner when he stainmered insolent greetings to the bride. Mr. Yano showed us t he door with
a patronizing j erk of his head. To .me, however, the
situation w eighed as heavil y as our l9sing two millio,n
silvers: and I was going to pull the host's sleeve had
not Tanaka ~aution ed me .. with his cigarette-stained
finger.
"Let's' go, I f eel headache!" ·
That was !\II. Wh en we cam e out of th e landing he
bt·i tshed asid e th e entreating rikisha - men.
I was {!isgusted.
.
I did not notice th e motion of his l'igarette-stalm>d
fi nger. t earing the pale pi€ce or paper wort h two mighty
million-s until i t dr opped on t he g r ound like petals of
cherry.
" W hat, in t he name of t wo miJJi ons, did y ou t ear our
ran om for?"
" aito, fo 've me . . . forgive me ! . . .th e
world is no plac f or gods !
. . I cou ldn't threaten
. . . A b, no use, no . .
.1 don't w i sh a miiHon
sinre he i not going lO be mine. . . .. Y ou stupid,
don't YO!J understand, that is the girl I met in a concert
and followed, and foU~wed ~
I took a treet- car hack home, and immediately reomed my romance of a mediet"al baron who was to
marr1· a daughter or a ··water-eatiDg~' farmer, with
a
lhe scmtillating background of Kamaknra. ah!o. wilb
a Jot of duels and ahrupt meetings_
�.._
T h e W e s t e r n C o m·r a d e
18
Ba-tt ·-1·ing ·8 ··1 th
BY
CHESTE.R
r==~~~!!!tHE N
the average wage of the working
people of a nation is found to be $250
per year below the cost of . the bare
necessaries of life it is time that country
~
~
did something forcible. It is time some
fundamental causes were di!U!OVered and
'I.!Y
some fundame ntal remediehpplled.
W e no longe r need proof of the statement that the low-est s.trat um of a
nation's life is .a powerful checlunate to
th e aspirations of its high~t s tratum and we need not
deba t p th e a sse rtion that. a nation will make no perman Pnt a<h·ancP far ah ead of its a1·erage !_ntelligence.
And. while th e re haY e been and will be, cases of indiYiduals shining triumphantly out from the miseries
of' grinding po1·e rt y, th e great nP.ss of nations is not built
upon the intli\'idual, hu t upon th e mass.
Li1·iug in a nation whi ch at least make'S a pretense
at d('mor·rar·y. e Ye n thollgh in fa ct it may not haYe
ac·hit·l·<·d mtwh of it, we must concerti oulse!l·es with
th e r·o ntlition of th e m as~ . In such a di scussion av e rages
mu st te ll Lltl' sto ry.
Sn, again. th e fad that a nation's average wage fall s
l>l'luw th e aetual cost of sustenance is cause for con-
·m
W
· This is the ·t ragic situation in America t
the minimum living cost is $750; the toil~
in wages; sixty per -cent goes to people wb
tal,'' but which really is the sixty per ce_n t o
faet.ory ·gates and in inter;est, rent and pro
li¥J.e in dead earnest!
Ce nsus bulletin No. 93; J.lage 11, after an .official il vesti -.
gation covering 3,297,81!! wage workers. Of this ~~
2,619,053 were men, 588,599 we re women and 90,161
were children.
The a c tual a Yerage wage, all wage earners consid e red, so far as can be detenpined, is $,10.06 per week- .
·
a bare trifl e ove r ' $i>OO per ye~r .
The actua l a1·erage cost o·~ Jivin g at what is taken
as standard · le vel by most inves tigators is $7~0: In
this . computation the family contains fath er, moth e r '
and th1>ee children.
- Th ere are other figures fixed as the "mrnimum liv~ t e rnati o n!
~
ing~ost . but nearlY. all of the.m place the _figure above
Tlic fact that th P co nst.erna tion so far has been
$/ i>O. An ave rage of all of th em would ·be about $950.
mainly !!ontin ed to t!te me mbers of J)l.e Socia lis t party
But fo r presen t purposes $750, practically the lowest
and soii1 c 'few others who have see n a faint g limmer
est imate mad e, n·ilJ do a s we ll as any of the high er
of lig ht milit a tC's not a whit agai nst th e l'act t hat the
figures, because in acce]rti ng the lower -figure we are
e ntire natio n ought to haYe been plunged long ago in to
n thoroug h"- going. unre mitting search for the \ Vay Out.
~ ure we have no mar?in left-t!1at we are at bedrock.
And we know t hat we have an absolute chasm of $250
To be s ure, there are a few who have been a gitated
mor or less m·c r indil'idua l cases of pove rty and th ere~'-.. · between the ave rage wage and th e min imum living
are those who have expressed the deepest consternatib n J cost.
that th e re s hould be· S.o many poor, but in a good part-- ..,
• J:\or does th e problem e nd th ere.
Figures · which
th ey have been or are fa.ddists or spot- light seekers who
well may be accepted as reliable tell us that in 1911
prices of all commod ities were 44.1~r cent higher
will cons ternate on he s lightest prOI:Q,Cation at so mu ch
than in 1.897. T~e tendency of prices is upward, now,
per S!Jas m, payabl either in ne wspaper space or in
as during that pe riod. and with greater velocity, it
cold coin of the r ealm.
. .
.
appears. All reliable author ities agree that the rise
Then ag~in, there is dear old Brother Sparks , known
· of wages has not kept pace with the rise in ~he cost
to. the entire village as the lead er in the town temperof commodities as paid by the ultimate consumer in
an ce movement, whf. always arises and points to· poor
t
last twenty-five years.
Dave \Veaker ·whose wife and five babies are starving
because Dave · hold s too many communions per day
till a·nothe r angle there is which, to many of those
·· ·
peop who ride daily in their _limousines to help "uplift
' with that old, familiar foeman. D~mon Rum.
the p or" but adds fresh complications to the already
• Otir only quar rel with the argu.ment of the dear old
Brother· is this : ·
baffli
oblem. But this fresh angle reaJiy holds
. the key i:o the solution of the problem and explains the
Forty-six Percent of American wage earners get
very ·existence of any problem at aJI. It is this:
less than $10 a week, or $520 a. year if sickness or
accident doesn't "Jay th em up'' for a single day- out of
The a-verage Ameriean wage worker gets, in return
for his toil, only abou t forty per cent. of what he
the 365. Aild the _Brother hlmself wiJI hardfy contend•
produces!
that forty- six pe1· cent. of the people of this greatest
nation on earth are so badly booze-bitten a s to be
ThE;re, in that brief senten ce, is the meat in th e
incapable of•producing wealth in excess of. $10 per week!
cocoanut, the summed -up damna tion of the entire ecoAnd those figures wel'e made _public ·in ·U nited States
nomic system under which we Jive.
0
-
"
.....
,
�/
The Western Co tn.r a 7ie
e
M.
Brea ·d
19
' .·
VVRIGHT
\
cheaply as possible, which again has its effect on wages,
and t6 sell the finished .Product at a figure as high
as the traffic wiJI bear. -.Jt is just in that process that
)day : The average wage per year is $510;
the sixty per cent is tak~n from the worker! Right
· gets but forty per cent of his product back
there is the robbery! It is not" i~ the d~rk! It is
~ hold paper titles to \Yhat is called "capi-.
right out in open sunlight! Ther·e is no neeQ to conlabor's product held back from it a\_the
ceal tt because it is all done accoroing to la~. The ·American labor is
bucking the bread
American Jllectorate stands for it all-votes for it. _
:
..
Private ownership ·of things collectively used by the
collectivit~ for the collectivity is legal-absolutely
legal! Profit-taking is legal! It is legal to indue~ a
man · to work for wages upon ,which h~ cannot Jive,
even though you make 100 per ·c ent from bisaabo~
:.
Superficial refo rmers may ·speculate as much as
There is no limit to the game. Only the cru est of
they please. th e tariff tinkers may alleviate or aggramodern highwaymen use violence. The legal
is .
,·ate, the goorly-goodies may moraliz~ and philosophize
easier~arid safe! ·
unto th e e nd of tim_e, but until s'o me movement, or
.]( your mind 'will be ·cleared by ·a concrete e-xampJe,
:;ome agency i ~ de ,·eloped to the point 'X here it can
·here il is:
gil'e to th e creator of wealth that sixty per cent which
Th'e New York Her~ld found that, with modern mano11· is ta keu from him before he leaves the factory
chine ry such as is turned oi1t by the'·shoe machinery
ga tes th e re will be oo solution to the pt:oble m. For
trust, it costs to -make in the Massachusetts factories
it is the th e ft of that s ixty lle r cent made possible
from 60 to iO cents for a pair of shoes . that sell at
hy the profit system, that ~nstitutes the problem.
retail for from $6 to $7. 'l'he owner of a shoe factory
Th e re may he differe nt ways of e xpressing th e id ea.
doesn't .have to jimmy your bedroom window or stick )
Th e ro may hE' diffe rent words that mean the same
:):.011 up on .a dark night.
He only needs"to- sell you ~
thing, but clot he th e thought a s you will. in the end
pait:_of Shoes-shoes that you have to buy! Simple,
it mea n\ a bold , hands -up-or-die robbery of America n
safe, sure, legal, respectable!
lahor ot more than half of what it creates.
The profit system · presents no way out of the dif"
Le t us brief th e e ntire situation:
ficulties which have grqwn up with it and because of
The average wage is about $510 per year.
it. Nor can it, for the ei).tire situation h.as come as a
The ro c~ -bottom living cost per family is $i50.
growth-an evolution and we cal)not turn about and
The av e rage worker gets back in wages about forty
g\-ow down ag~in by ·the process through which we
pe r ceut of what his toil has_ produced.
came. The profit system continues to create the evil.
lf so man~· persons of undoubted reliability had not
We find the profit system throwing .into the great
J
oontributed th eir efforts in the compilations of da t~ -,- wilirl, asid e from the great army of under-paid workers
from which tho'se figures are drawn, includi~g om·-- another army of workers who are not paid at aJI beown Uncle ~mu el himself, they might be disputed.
cau!:'e they are aJIQwed to do no work. The United
Sfates census for 1890 showed that 15.!':'per cent of all
But they stand!
""'
wor-k ers o·ver 10 years of age were imemployed a part
And they stand rooted .and buried, t runk and branch
io the profit system, the ' system - of private ownersllip
of the time: Then ca!Jle the 1900 census with a greater
·arraignment and the last {:ensus says that the number ·
that enables· one man to be mast.er of another and to
found to be unemployed a part of each year Is 6,1!6~,964
dictate to him when he shall come and when he shall
go and what proporlion of .his creation he shall have
a
that the number ldle from four to s ix months each
yea: Is 2,069,546, or thirty-.nine per cent of all workers
after he bas come and gone! . There you have it! If
over n years of age, emplqyed in aiJ lnd_ustries, lriclud,you can alter the things that come from such an eco-·
nomic system without crushing and destroying the sys·!ng a !culture.
Pi! d u· n the human misery caused by theft at
ten'1. then stand forth and -perform ' your miracle! None
other has gone ·b efore you to rob you of your laurels.
the mac ine ·are the g reat travel!ng companions of these
·evils, theft of land and absentee ownership ot land,
After you have wa\'ed your -wand and gone on .
unjust ta~atio!J .- purchase of the public· prints for the
your way iu chagrin and contrition at its entire Jack of
purpose of _shaping public opinion, distortion of history ·
ma.gic we m..ore prosaic ones oome back to the attack.
so that past deeds shaJI shed as little light as possible
American induslrY 1s conducteu cin the principle th~t
on present evils and futur':! events and a vast mass of
it is right for any man or set of men to get control
related 'nnd similar ph-ases of life.
of as much industry as they can, to jam wages down
'
A)l are descended from the profit system and all
to th ~ lowest possible · ~b. to buy raw ·material as
rt.
l
ii
l
I
I
~,
�/
20
T'he West e rn C o mr a de
-
rally around and mass their strength to uphold that
for control, even though they seem more · arrogant as
the day of their doom · approaches.
· which bore them!
The profit system is an ad e pt at so shaping its -otTThere is but the one way out. It is up and ahead ,
spring, at so warping the minds of those who live under
· through the coming of a new order. The present order
it that its own life may be prolonged.
'is not constructed to make justice possible: It must
So that differenc e of $250 or more between _the
pass, after having prepared the way fol;' the new. Weaverage""'·age and the minimum cost
living does not
cannot nor do we want to go back. Every law, natural
raise th e uproar that would be expected by th e cas ual
and human, drives· toward the future and the new ahd
investigator from Mars.
away from the ol_d and orn-out and out-gr,o wn.
But that diffe re nce is vital. Eve ry day that it conAnd the terribly painfui sh~ll of capitalism so galls
tinu es th e race grow s weake;._ Lack of prope r food,
11.nd chokes and su!Tocates that it is with that exquisite
prope r edu cation, prope r pleasure, prope r light, proper
joy that comes from the prospect of passing pain that
ventilation , fr eedom from worr y and strain--all of th ese
. humanity is turning itself toward the new o'r der.
stunt and dPvitalize and brutali ze th e ra ee _
The social order within the old shell is reaching the
\\'h a t mu s t be don e ? Fi ght'
transition period . It is reaching the limit of its growth
Fi ght off th e s HpeJ:stiti on that thin gs jnu st a lway s
und er th e old ~tern . It cramps and turns and heaves
s tay as ti H• y arp_ Fi !!; ht for a jH s t econ omi c sys te m. '- and e xpa nd s agam st th e cracking shell. The birth day
F'ight to c llll c<·onomi<' robbe ry a nd poli ti<·a l jo bher y.
com es !
L a ~· do wn this s impl e de mmid:
'J'h e race -mu s t get a )ll'ay from th a t marg in between
Those things which are socially (or collectively)
Need and Cann ot -ge t, between s tarvation a nd compl ele
used , must be socially own ed and democratically adminsatis fa ction of e\·ery n eed, betw ee n econ o_mi c curse
istered for the benefit of all. Those things which are
and economi c ju s ti ce.
personally or privately used must be privately owned.
Humanity must. win out. O\'er Dolla rs. Huma nity
\Yh !' ll PII OUgh pprsons of \'O tin g af!;p a nd VOl ing inmu s t become of first importance. · Th e $i [i0- lowest-posclinati ons und er~ t a nd i IJ P prin c ipl e invo!l·ed in that
s ible -Jil·in g -cos t mu st be le ft -behind . Th e ma chine
s impi P dec la rati on th ('I'P will hP an e nd to that ;-a wning
mu s t be a ccesible to all who would wor~ . th e collec tivity
$ 2~1) c·h as m hptw ee n H:np a nd Hal'<' -not. bet wee n you
mus t ri se s up,!! riot• to th e indi vidual d es pot by taking
a way j1 is legal statu s.
and th e hread lin e. Th PrC' will be a n end to that robbe ry of Gtl pPr c·p nt of La bo r's prorlH c t. Th e re will be
Ca pi tali s m mu s t go. Sociali ~ m mus t com e ! That
an C' lld to a ll px pl oitati on throu gh re nt. int Prest a nd
is t he solution! Onl y as humani ty works in t hat direcpro fit . thr nll g h jll'l \'a t ~ own e rs hip o f th e m ea ns of
tion can it work a way from that t errifying, ·dead e nin g
$G10 a1·erage wa ge a nd its hord e of trailing evil s.
pr o rlt~< · t ion a nd di s t rihHt ion.
" 'Eac h ~- <' nr SPPS thi s pr in eip! P more wid e ly a (·ce pted,
Humanity mu s t fi gh t its way a head . Th e pas t is . use Pn<' h ypa r spps tiJ p mns t prs of th p bread ha rcl pr pressed
less exee pt as its ex peri ence g uid es th e future.
....___
of
VVhat Happened 1.\.ttarch Fourth
.
By
Carl Sandburg
~~~~~~i'\ 1\larch 4, '\'ictor Berge r s aid good-by
to hi s seat iu th e national House of
RE> pr Psentali ves . .
As he wa tched th e minute hand of
th e c-loc- k mo1·e slo~' toward th e fat4l l
hour that would m'M'k th e e nd of hi s
c-aree r in Congress, he ad tw o so rrowful thou ~ ht s . One was sonow t hat
he _can i10 longer ::- it in th e storm Cente r
;
of na ti onal legis lati T . And th e ot he r
thought 1\·a s SOJ'l'OW that hi s seat will be occupi ed by a
s mall un·uers tra ppe r who will ni. e re ly wiggle and rattl e
around in tile sf. a t and not really fill it or occ upy it at
a fl.
The s ucces:;o r to \'i ctor Be rge r' s seat in Congress
is a Milwaukee lawye r by th e name of W . H. Stafford .
He is pointed to he re becaus e he forms s uch a _horrifi c
contrast to Victor.Jl e rge r and th e elec tion of Stafford
to succe~ d Berger is at th e cost of- placing in th e na·uonaL Congress one more Mr. Nobody, one more DoNothing, on e more obedi e nt mutt whos e political mis~i.-on is to act a s errand boy, bundle carr~~ r. and r ead y
lis te ne r to' t he co mmand s of bi g fellow s whos e money
a nd brai ;, s pot bJ m wh e re he is.
·T hi s ma·y not seem pe rtin ent to a discus sion of
Be rge r' s te mporary fa re we ll to th ~ hall s of congres s.
Yet it is pe rtin e nt. Th e retirement of Be rger has bee"ji"he re and th e re hailed as a se tback for Socialis m. Jt
is a se-t back for Soc ialis m only in th e ·se nse that it is
a se tba ck for th e whol e nation.
In spite of th e fa ct that Be rge r's vot e m hi s distri c t
in crease d la s t Nove u be r, that di s tri ct again r eturn ed
S tafford to congress .
taff ord had se n ·ed seve ral te rms
be for e. His r ecord is k 10\l'n. rror yea1:s he was fought
not only by the Sociali ·ts, but by th e LaFolle tt e men.
In th e bitte m ess of he campaign last fall, Be rget'
r ecall ed th e Washington. desc ription of StaffOJ:d- that
Stafford was k'nown as ".Toe Cannon's poodle dog."
Stal!ord, with a record of following at the heels of Joe
Can~on and obeying th e nod and ge sture of Joe
Cannon, 'is what the nation gets in e xchange for Victor
Berger.
If th e United States of Ame ri ca _can stand for it,
th e Sociali st party qf th e United States ca n.
�/
-
The Western Comrade
Berger's Hardest Punches-
.
.
.
21
,
B r ou!jht about a Congressional investi gation of ·the gr~at Lawrence strike w h ich resulted in a settlement.
Caused th e resi gnation of Judge Cornelius N. Hanford of Seattle shortly bef ore he was eligi bl e to retire
on a pensi on .
. Recently he introd uced a resolution that undo\lbtedly had a b ig. effect . in ca,using the . fifty-four Eastern
r~ll roads to accept arbitration under the Erdman Act for their differences with the Brotherhooll of Fi r emen. •
Introduced a bill p r ov i ding ol d age pens i ons.
·
Introduced a const ituti onal· amendment granting th (l francl)ise to women • •
Intr od uced a bill p r ovid i ng for federa l ownership and operation of railroads, telegraphs, telephctnes and exp r ess companies.
•
His b i ll prov i d i ng t o •· •h e employment of all unemployed persons who desi red work was consider ed one of
t he most r ad ical and f ar- r eaching measures ever i ntroduce~ in Congress.
Cha m p ioned th e cau se of government employes by speaki ng for an eight- hou r day.
One more reference to Stafford and we are thro.ugh
,, ith him. A little alJOut how Stafford nosed i11 ahead
'
<>f lkr~;er in th e elec t ion.. Stafford. or rather the
tn on <'y and brains back of Stafford, mad e th_e Demo..ratic and Republican machines of Milwaukee cou·nty
~ce that they would ha\·e to get toge ~er and work
tngeth e r or tlt PY would he s mash ed by th e Socialist
ltlac hin e. It was don e. The c ry was star ted. " \Ve are
11011 -parti sans ; in th e presence of th e com mon me nace
<>f Socialism we mus t unite and wipe out th e di sgrace
of having th e fair name of Milwaukee s mntched
through reprcspnt a lion in congress by a red flag follo\\·pr of Sueiali s m- votp t he Democrati c ti cket." And
~o thf'y l<>d th e blind and th e la me a nd th e hal t of
th e working c-lass for th ·in th e Jlame of non-partisan ~hip to vote the DPmocratic ti cket in order to elect a
ltP publi ca n to tak e th e place of a Soci3l't.it.
Of th e many amazing plays witnessed on th e check•·rhoard of American politics, this is one at least that
~ hould he awa rd ed a bun.
' Now for a litt.Je st or~·. a narrative with human ·
<·o'iu·age around the edges o[ it and human-hope at th e·
i n~ide. of it:
One Sunday mornin g in the Spring of 1902, several
r housa nd people in th ~ city of !\-Ill waukee found on their
fro nt porches a curious leafl et. On the front page was
prin te d th e qu estion:
" \\' hat Shall \Ve Do . To Be
:-5a ved ?" The day be ing the holy day of. the week
ma ny persons opened the leafl et and began reading
in th e e xpectation of fincfing bow their souls might
be resc ue d from t he wrath of an ave ng ing God. On
reading th ey found that th~nly matter df~ussed
was bow workingme n and th eir wives and children
might have more of th e good th ings of life to live
on be fore they died and went to m eet th e ir pod. How
the workingman m ight raise himself out of not-enoughto- live-on into some thing be tl.er was the mutton of
discussion. The words we re short and po}nted, sometimes flashin g like the fan gs of a mastiff. The workii1gman is poor because he is robbed and one reason
he is robbed ·is because he ·is not politi cally organized.
One way to tight those who rob him is for the WOJ::k ingmen to stand together massed solid ly in a ·workiil~
.-lass poli ti ca l party-so said this J eafl.e t~a nd such ~
party, called -the Social-Democratic party was inl the
'ield with platform, ca ndid~tes; and organization.
The leafl et was written by a big German. He and
h is comrades at that time were struggling to keep their
ilrint -ahop out of the clutches of th~ bank ruptcy cou~t.
\
The leaflet was distributed from house to house by
comrades-fellow-workers. Not one of them had a ny
more hope of ever ~liding into a city hall· office than
a Siberian convict has of becomin g czar of Russia . A
tow-headed youth a t the north end of the town peddled
leaflets from house to house little dreaming tha t one
day his comrades would th rust him into. t he ma:yor's
chair. And the big German went on writing and talking • ~
about bis principles. E,igh t years went b"y and he sat
in the national House of Representatives.-as a member
with a vote. H e knew that h e would be expected to
.talk, to tell the country what he stood for. And to
ma ke sure that he would s ay th e right thing, that lie
had not slipped away from the first principles he spok e •
e ight years befo re when he . a ske d in the little .ieaflet.
"Wh at Shall We Do To Be Saved?" he wrote back
home for a copy of th at leli_lfl et. Most of the paragraphs
of it went almost word for word into the body of
Be rge r's s peech "on the wool sched ule."
"Haf Y<Ul read my vool speech ?" is a ques tion t:hat
was freq ue ntl y_asked by Berger as be met his CODlrades
over land ·in the various cities. He is proud of th·e
"\·ool speec h" because h e believes it voices in t~rn11-.
tion a! s ocialism and as such the federal government
prin ti ng pla nt in Washington has printed more t).J.an
a m illion copies and th e post office department has
de liver ed tll\em to more t]\an a mi llion American voters.
. It see)l~s s uch a beautifu l }lnd supe rior method of propaganda1that Berger feels h e is jm:,titied in asking
Ame rican cit izens. "Haf you r ead my vool speech?"
. Two million copies of Berger's speeches were run off
by govei·nm ent prin ters and (listr ibuted to voter s th e
past two yea rs. The propaganda value of these 'fclthe
Jab01: move me.nt has been la rge. T his has probably
b~n th e most e ffective result of having a Socia list
sit in congress two years.
The Socialist party has been in luck to have in
congress a
n with two unu s ual qu a lifications for the
place (1) a w1
know ledge of exis ting economic condi tions· and (2) ab1 ity to express his knowledge in straight
English, "langua e that a brick layer can unders tand ~ '
to use Berger's
n trase.
The press associations have g iven conside rable _attent ion to Berger's acts in congress a nd news papers in
- large cities have given bitn an u nexpected amount of
· spa,c e. The writer .once asked Berger why . this was so.
His a nswer was, "They a r e goo(! to me now because
I am only one. I am a curiosity. . But wait until
we get . t en or twenty men in ·c ongress, wait t ill we
get dangerous to them-then look ·out."
�/
~e
22
Western 'comrade
SUNSHINE AND HEALTH
liE Golde_n S t a\e is a ~land o_f he~.lt~l as w e~!
as sunsl11ue.. '1 h e tnte saymg, 1 on can t
liYe on clim ate" is an ax iom . But the fact
r emains t ha t you ca n Ji,·c longer iu t h e Califo rni a
climat e tha n in any other.
(: oY<'I"IllllPnt morta lity statjsties bear wit u ess
to tiH· foi J o,,· iu ~ l';u·ts cou ccming American l'itil's '
,,·ith a population in ]!)00 of 100,000 or mon·.
San Fran<:is<·o 's an• r:1 ge <Jge <Jt tleath .t:l.-1·'·,.ars, Los "\ ngl' i<•s .t:l.l, De tne r :ll:i. l , :Kew ll <Jn·n
:lH.:l, \\" ashin~ton :JU.:l, Cl1i eago :l-1-. Jndian<~polis.
-to.!!. Louis•·ill<: 3!J.G. ::\ pw Orlrans :JS. J , Baltimorl'
:;~•..-•. l~oston :11.-1-. Fall H in·t· ( a f<JtllOIIS !'a!'!OI'~·
tu\\.11 1 :!.-•.1. \Y or•·••st•·r .J(l.!J. D Pt roit 3 1.4. ~Iinue
apulis :lk.-1-. St. l'aul T:.!J. l\a11sas Ci ty 81.2. St.
.Jos• ·p h -1:!, St . Louis:{."\ .:!. 011Jaha :~s.;;, Jrrs<·y ('ity
:n.:!. ;\,.,,·ariz :;:LI. l'at•·rson ::ri.ti, Buffalo -:l-l-. 1,
\'<·\\· York :!:!.1. Hoc·IH•sl,·r -1- 1.9._ Syra c- use :l!J.;;,
Cin·· ~1 11at i ..J. 1.·L { '1<·\·c ·l a nd :3-1.2. l'olil!llhus ..J.:! ...J.,
Toil-do ~1. 1 . Philad<·lphia :11. l'ittsl1~1Pg- :~2.3.
SnaJi!o!l :!!1.1. l'rorid r· IH·<' :Hi..7. ;\l r mphis :1;:>.2.
\lihratilz. ·•· :lll_.-1.
Ln..; . \n ~<·il's has Ion~ bern
nd ,·,· rt is<·d ;ts a IH·:ilt l1 r •·sort. Jt. has at trad etl
· matly old Jl<'u p l•· . .\~· lw d1Pd soon · aft.e t· they
n•;lf·l!f•d th .. ir •·a r tl lly lu1\·c·11. Their <Jgc nt d ent h
ll<'lJwd to i11 :·n·asl' thl' Los .\n geles <JYer nge.
li o\\' :1 ppropria t<· t 11 eu that " The \\'este rn
Com ra ck.· · a magazim• of sunshin e and h ealth.
s hould 1!:1,.,. it s a bidin g place in t h e laml , pnr exrr ll <' tH·<· of li c•a ]t h and Sllnsh,in e.
/
---·
.
.
/
\
I
THE OBLIGATION o bOWER
;'
n
a r <'('Cilt. writ er: ''That . h er e arc in
c v e t·~- walk i n life so many m en and '" ~)111Cn
wh o r ecognize a nd fulfill t h e obligation of
powe1:- <lo it instant ly toward u f ter strange r s because all <·oncern ed <Jre hum a n- is t h e stt·ongcst
possihl c pi·oof that Olll' civ ilizat ion is not a
f ail llrr. '!
1
All of \rhie h is unclouhtcdly true . In m<Jt ter s
of m e r e courtesy, in n eig hhorlin ess, in incliYiclu a l
.,.
.
-
association, there is little laek in this direction.
· But is not the . principle state'd a -univ.ersal . on e
applicabl e to all the r elationships of life ¥ · Is it
not applicable as well to great social movements~
Docs not the obligation of power Test as truly
upon the social as the indiv idual man? The same
persons who as individuals fulfill t his obligation, in the ir_ collective capacity as members
of soc iety give little ~Wid ence of its recognition.
Startling example are to be found on every
hand. Iu the treatment accorded the crimina ,
th e outcast, the weak or unfortunat e, tl1 ~ under.
man or woman 1n enry walk in life, t h e obliga- .
t ion o I' pO~\·e r r ecciYcs littl e if any . attention.
Docs uot our f ull duty as human beings rc~t
in r ecognizin g and fulfil ling in eveu walk in life,
in full m easure, ~· hat e nr obligation of power
mny be ours ?
• • •
EXIT CONGRESSMAN BERGER
F the sPuse of. humor had b een omittc~ in
th e mak e-11p 6f Victo1· L . B e r ge t·, t h e So- <·in list _· m o~·m cnt of "\m et'lca 'roulcl hav r
lost nllt•:h.
·
Any Social ist tn Con gr<·ss ,,·ould h ave beei1
useful , hu t to have t h er e fo1· t\\'O yea rs a man
'rh o knO\rs th e· party philosophy ;{nd history,
r oot and hranr·h: o n <' wh o. lmom;:; t i,,. minds of
tl1e millio;Js and how thry must b e .n•aelt ed; au(l
'
'
.
ahoYe nil OI\e who ea n ba it e ve1·y hook " ·ith il'l'csist ibl c humor '·hi e· It prnet rat es hut. r a r ely stings,
is good fo r tune indred.
S oc ia lists h ave c vrrythi11g ·,Yi th them, faetr,prill eipl e!>, th e plish of rYcnts; and t he self-inter~~st of 't he Yast ma j ority. Th e mane] is t hat t h e
part y's g r o" ·fh is uo t evrn fnt· more · rapid than
it is.
The r eason l s t oo oftrn in the tactlessness
of Socialists thcms h ·es.
nder stancls t h e way brains
Victor Berger
win conver ts by sledgewo!'lc H e does not
hamme r cuffs ·On t he e'a r. P ersuasion, h e kno,vs,
is n~o re effective t han antagonism.
I
�·,
The Western Comrade
It is well that the Ex-Congressman is to lecltiT;r now as well as write. May h e teach a pract ic·al psychology to his fellow workers. Not sneers
nr· hitt er wit arc n eeded. A good-na.tur ed laugh
1rith, not ' at, ·those still clutctJin g at out-worn
idt' as he lps amazingly.
• • •
THE RULE OF REASON
~
DECADE ago th e ro urts of the land were
eonsidere<l a bran ch of govemm ent above
cr·iti cism. l\It·. 13ryan's m en10rablc first.
·· nnr pn i ~~~ was r· t>gllrd crl hy 111 a ny eit izcns as little
,iJ, ll·t o[ t r·eason to th e Hcpuhli c because his plat1·111'111 e·it if'iserl th e Supreme Court.
\\'c· haYe tran·lr d a long- \\'flY along the politj,."J lrigh\\'ny in th e yt·;u·s t hnt lie bci\\'een us a nd
] ,- ;%,
I;...ts ;r f';ll' r·ry fro rn e·;1111pnign critir:ism t o the
.i11Ji o·ial re•e·;rll !l oll· aclnpl e•d in many states. It
j, still !';rrtiJ ,•r· to tl~< · ll' ithdrn11·nl !'rom th e courts
,f the• po1re· r to cl t•t·lnr··· l:r11·s IIJI('(Jn stillltional, the
ilri ng f'nr \\'IJie·JJ 1ritJrin t·e• r·tain lirnits emend
l: lltJSc•\'t•lt 110\1' st; rncl s spo nso r.
.\ ncl nn11· C'O IIIl'S th r lnt c• rs ta t P ('omnt erce Co mrrrittrr• of' t he• l'nit Pcl Stat!'s Senat e in a r eport to
1 IJ;rt holl y in " ·!ric h it op'l'n ly, ht·aze11ly and with
lllil li c·P il i'Ol'l'lir oll g ht lllill\CS Ut•lifli'J'llte attack UpOn
1 hP h ighrst court of th e land.
Follo\\·in~
• . governed by a written constitution and statute ;,.
law, t hat the courts can. be permitted to 'test each
restraint of trade by the economic, standard which
the individual members o:i the court may happen
to approve.
'If we do not speedily pre·scribe, insofar as
we can, a legislative rule -by which to m~asure the
fo rt)l of contract or combination in restraint of
t1·ade we can anticipate, we cease to be a governmen t of law and become a government of me~;
and; mor eover, of a very few men, and they appointed by t h e President. " .•
All of which is mighty good sense, even though
cfnanating f rom. t he Amerj.can House of Lol'ds.
• • •
BACK YARD PHILOSOPHY
:\~E
ADDAMS, she of.. HuH
l-:I~ousc
Social
~c ttl em cn t and Progl'essivc pat·ty. fame, is
fond of quoting a qu est ion. asl{e~ by oue of
the s11·ratshop ch_ildt·en in Chi cago:
· " \\'!t o can be good 11·it hont any back yard?"
To this qursti on soc ial settlem ent work has
p erhaps g iven a more p t·ncti cal answer than has
y et come from other sour ces.·
·
"' hon t the_ issue misC'd by this inquil'y has
rag-Pel th e hat tic royal o'f scien ce during the last
.q uartrr eculnry . llt·Q.!ld l. sta t ed , it is the r elative
p owr r of hcr edify and en vironmen t. · And while
not yrt full y settl ed fro m th e standpoint of sci en ce, pmcti cally the g reat seething world of li fe
has answered th e child 's qu estion affirmatively.
is th P lan gu:loge u sed r eferring to
'l'o "be good" \is not impo.sibl e to the back" r·ul e ol' reason'' as laid down hy t h e United
yard less, but~t.!_1c probabilit ies greatly favor th e
:-;t rilc·s Rup r r me Com t in th e Stanuard Oil and
possc:;;sor of Hu;(\ back yard .
.\ m P'r..Jc·a n T qbacc o Com pany d ec isions:
.
A potato' v in e in a ri ch, loam y soil, on a sunny,
"TJr,. POn~m it1 rr ha s full co n'fiden cc in the inwell-water ed slop e, differs materially from t he
. t Pg-rity. intc•lli gc urc:/ anrl pntt·i otis1
of t he Sn....,..
pa
lr , sickly, grcenis!t-ycllow vine which .has its
p r·pmc Court of th e l ' nit ed States, h't it is unwillroots in c~unlly good soil at the bottom of a celin!! t o r epose in that rour't or any other ourt the
,.ll~i a nrl und r fin rd p o" ·ers wlii ch it must exel'C~ ]se
lar·, nnd struggles to r ea ch t he fli ck ering sunin th P admin ist ration of th e statutes lmdet· the
li ght breaking through t he accnmnlatcd · dust of
rule ·w.hi r h it ha s promul ga ted. It s)lh:>t.itutrs the
tli n C>ell a r window.
c·Onrt In the pl ace Of C'on~I'eRs,· fo r wheoevrr the
'l'h e essenti al' life a nd · soil . from w hich it
n d e is invok ed th e ro nrt rlorR not admil)iste t· ·t.h c
law but makes th e law. If it cont i.nue iu fo rce
sprin gs is t li e sar:n e in each case. 'I'h c result in
the Fed eral .rourts will so fa t· aR t·estraint of trade
one is li fe plns good em ironm en t and in t he other
is con cer·ned, makr n eoni mon la' v for t h e United
li fe m inus the environm e t- in the first instan c.c a
States, just :1s thr En glish courts have made a
hack yard and in .tlt e lattcl' none.
•·ommon law fo t· Eu ~land.
Fn lt of. pr·omisc for· thc. futni·e is th e fact that
"It is iuconrc' : ahlr that in a rotw t ry t11at is
1 he'
. '
(.
....
�/
The
24
w:e
S ·t..e
humanity is eon:iing to understand and to aet on
the knowledge that whil e i~are ca.ses good citizens may come front ho!ncs without back yards,
y et from the gn·at 111ass •of humanity, the more
back yards and the lwtt cr kept th ey arc, the bett er will be both iud i,·iJual and social life.
Not until the hrca J and butter conditions of
- life arc so arranged that ba.ck y_ards arc possibl e
to all has lmrnanit~· th e right te ex p t;ct to r c a~h,
fnll fruitag e iu lil'(• aud charact er. ·
-.-
.
•
G
•
HORSES, HOGS, AND BABIES
AHE and <·11 lturc of' hogs , horses aml otlJCI'
animals ha\'\' lung- I'CCl' in~ d attention. Seed
selection and st·ient ifi<· met hods h:tY<~ bern
employed with g- rra t sut·erss with fruits , Ho,\·crs,
g rain aml Ycgda blt·s.
Th e l3urbanking Jli'Ol'l'Ss~>s hav e· bee n productive of results wrll ni~h ma1·v elous. lt is saiJ
that on e ('X (WI'i lll l'ntl'l' in th e State or Jowa.
throug-h Sl'ed se ll'\'1 ion aiOill', was abl~o inl'I'CaSI'
the average y ielll of (·urn for the entire ~tatr fivr
. bush r ls per acre.
Littl e attent ion. ho\\'e\·r r . has as yet hecf1
given to th e. applil' ~ tion of scientific methods and
pr·in eipl es in the ililpl·o,·cmcnt of the hurnau rac e.
13ut 1here ha s now come to hand, and from
lo\\·a too, a report of,. J efinite results obt ained,
with hahics, th rough the rffort of two women.
'l'hcsc wom en eonce iY ed the idea that Iowa
was d evoting morr attention to thr perfection of
cows, 'c o r·n and pigs than to ·· babies. H aving
. reach ed t his conelusion they hcgau a systcmatie
campaign Oll f>C icntific lin es~ th e uirec tioii' of
giving at least as mu ch . attent ion to babi es as to
; '. liv e stock.
.
They began 'Vith the annual baby sho'w held
in connectl.on with the State llait·, that temple of
perfection -in live stock, where farmers djscU:ss the
various points in far111 animals- but n ever m
·babies.
Baby show a ,;.ai·ds wct;c invariably made on
the ground of personal beauty · alon e; so new
standards were ad?pt ctl. In 1911 doting mothers
rn
c 0 m r a de
found th~ir youngsters were. being judged along
differc~t lines....:....aiong the . standard o£ height, .
weight; circutnfere:Dce of chest, . abdomen · and
head, symmetry·, quality o£ skin and, fat, quality of
muscles-hand-gi·asp, rising and sitting poise__:_
bon es of skull and :-frame, dimensions of head,
shape ·and measurement of eyes, shape; size and
position of c·ars; the same of lips, forehead, ·nose .
and jaw; number, shape, size and conditio'n of •
t eeth, as w ell as the psychological tests for disposition, en ergy, attcnJ;ion, facial and ocular expression.
\Yell-they drew a long breath and.,sent
their husbands.
f~r .
Th es came mostly from the -cattle ring and
after looking for a whil e, expressed a var·i ety. of
s-entiment; said many things and said them emphatically.· But wh en i t was over, wh en evening
ta me an(rthc fa mjJi es WCI'e driving slqwly to their
hom es, one vital thought had impressed itself u'p on
their minds: Iowa bal.ii()s had not shown the same
sta"n dard of ph~1 Si<:al P\,rfcction that had been
fonnd in Iowa eat11e, tom a nd pigs, and· each........_
moth er made a m c ~tal rcsoiY c that n ext year her
Lahy " ·ould come neare1· taking th e 1Jlue ribbon .
During the following year the babies w ere put
t ln·ouglt a cot1rse of scientific tm inin g. Diet w as
wat ched and r egulated along scientifit: principles;
" ·hich the I~oth e r l1ad ca r efully studied.; babi es
wet·c exercised at regula!· times, and movements
" ·ere ;l.;e'a. · to bt·ing up tl~e deficient points;. th~
t~ct h 1\'l'!f~ gin n minute attention aiJd they were
Pncoura ged in to a bette r disposition so that the
psychological . tests would shuw a h eencr atteu.,.
t iou , more facial and ocula J', ex pression. more enCI'gy, and a bettC1' c]i ;;p~iti on _generally.
'l'h
c fair.·_of 1912 sh owPd that wonders had l1een
,.
al·tonq5lish cd. low::t is now just as interested in
raisin g th e sta: dard . of its halJi es as it has been
hrretoforc in pro ueing fine stock and crops. The
id pa 'is; moreoYer, pread in g to other states. North"
Dakota, Minnesot . nd 01·cgou haYC announced
that thi~ n ew form of judging " ·ill l_:>e used in baby
sho ws at their ;;tate f.a irs.
..
�I
-
The Weste·rn Co .m rade
Burbanking the human race llndoubtedly )l~EJ
its limits, but before these aee r cacbeu much may
be accomplished.
- :B"'ro.m ·out her life ·all come at birtih, ihrough-tife
her_bounty is-spread for all and upon he-r: ·gener-· ~
ous 'bosom ali res~ weary heads when 'the br_ief
S);>a.~ of earthly exis~ence is O'V r.
~
:. :; If _any find life Iiot_. wortl1 while ~the fault is
PRUDERY RUN MAD
not Nature's. Thoroughly impartial ·she makes
HE Paf3adcna
public schools . haYc a
generous provision for all . - . If any starve ill bod7
course in dom estic science in their _curricuor _s_oul the blame.i_s not"llCrs.
.
lum.
\....
And
while
man
has
been
able
to
create
In th e se\·euth a•nd eighth gmdcs a r eal live
. a monqpoly in her r source for supplying his
hHh_v is sued as a model il) t c_aching t he care _?f
· physical need; . not y et h'as he been· able to create
t·hildrcn. All \Yent well as lon g as t his mod el
a t~;ust_ or even
corner in~ food supply for .
\r as a girl ba by.
human
souls.
·
Th c1·c came a t infc, howc\·er, wh cu change to
In mountain fastn. sses and sh~ded nooks, by -.
a baby of th e stern er sex became nccessai·y and·
lll'ookside of!'" ~easide, in son;g of bird · or _care-free
n t \Hive-month-old boy was su bst'i t uted.
li fe of animals, Mother Nature · preads h er bounty ·
lt was her e tt·oubl c began for t he t eache-rs _in
. o( life, light and beauty.
·
th e shape of protests f rom Madam Grundy;
Oh horrors! A r eal live boy baby for a model!
]-f any pa ·take not 'tis - bec.an·s e th e door i~
The Ycry i~ca of tcachcr·s showin g su ch utter disclosed to the source of supply. .
.'·
r·pgard for th e decencies and prom·icti cs of life !
To this g t:eat ~vcst1and of ours wher e ~ature
It. must not be p ermitted.
_
has been so lavish with h er 'gifts, every y ea,r come
This from d evotees at the shrine of "1ashion
thousands of tourists. y et how f ew of- ~hese fipd
n-ho y ield ·implicit obedi ence to .all r equir ements,
t he green pastu_res arid .virgin meadows where
rr·om th e heighth of decoll ete-to .the ext r eme sug-_
t eems her· most_abu,udant life.
~cs tiveu ess of th e most ultt·a attire of the p erioli!
. · Most travelers fo ll_o_,.,,. routes· lp.id do_wn in
That th e good sense of the community SU!>guide boob and visit resorts well known. _ Not
1niu c·d th e school- principal, in th e contention -t hat
many leave the beaten _paths for the §.Olitude of
t her e is no sex qucs,ti on in -in fan cy, is matt~r for
mountain fastn esses, where such close access . to
r-ongl'atulation on th e pal"t of all plain common
t he heart of_the ~ll-l\[otlJ cr ~ permitted that its
sense folk.
pulsing ma (} f elt and ouc 's own soul be attuned .
t o its etc n· ·ythm.
~
. . NATURE'S BANQUEll' TABLE
. Iri the ark of silent gorges, amid the awful
sil ence of a . mountain canyon, alone, afar from
AS it th e· Indian who ·· gav\__to nature t he-...
the
haunts of men 'on some broad, expanse of ocean
;
name All-Moth er ? It wa~ ~en somewh ere
shore,
lc~ him who 'vould wrest· Nature's secrets.
back in th e dim and roisty past: while Jm- ·
from
h
er, woo her there. Let him pitc~ -his tent
· man nature was st ill imaginative.
_
and
hearken
to tnyria_d voic_es spea~ing in myriad
·. .It must have be-en given, too, whe~ conditi~ns
tongues.
·
·
wer e such as to p eTm1t men· to {Jiink of othc1;
Such
communion
1
Suicide
thin gs than bread and butter. It was undoubtediy
of the -b ody is.ba.d im ugh, but suicide of' the soul
.used b efore grim' n ecessity hacl compelled full sur~
- is fin unpardonable wr n
rende1; to ihe whol1y .lillatcrial occupation of prbOn .and: on, _day l;>y 'd ay, an.d y ear by year,
\'iding for physical n eed. But, whenever g.iven,
throughout ·life man can wander if he wil'l in
no better name could have been selected. · All ·o n
clos_e ~ orripanionsb'ip- wit_h Nat ure. Communing
r;arth are bon e of h er bone and flesh of her flesh:
..
a
----· ..
--..v v
.·
�·I
The Western ._ Comrade
26
..
·
with all her forms, ~utering into h er life, he can .
become ever more and mo~e. conscious of the bond
that unites his life with hers in an inseparable
unity.
• • •
A FATEFUL DECISION
1{AC1'ICALLY all the iaws to alleviate
conditions wh,ich might be passed by Congress could be t hrown out by the Sup\reme
Co Ut·t as infringing on· the authority of the States.
Child la bor hnvs, eight-hou r measures, Jvhiskey transpor·t·atiof1, facto1·y J•cgulation s would all
' eomc unuu· l'Cg"tdation of iuterstate commerce.
A Supreme Co urt so ui sposed could block all
mcas nl·cs of this kind 011 th e g round that they
int crl'i' n ·d wit It th e p oli c" power o[. the ·states.
. The whit<' sla\'c law ilJ\'O ivin g this ·prin cipi i. •
has l'<' t'l' lltl y IH'c'n dc· <· lan·d \'Oust itutional.
Thi s indi<·<tt<·s that. th e Jll'l'se nt eO tll't docs not
mc·nn t o hl<wl< l'c 'i'O l'llls on th e state- righ ts quibble
ami hn s established a pl·t•tt!<l ent. likely to he follO\Y Nl in th <! future.
Thi s is ~o orl 11 1' \\'S, iudcPt1 . '\Vhil e t hc1·e are
many t·\·ils whic·h t·annot hr stop ped s-o long as
p1·odu r:t ion for priYat c profi t ren1ains, ehild labor
ll t'l'cl not IH· t oltt J'a t <'ll eve n as <·o ndi t.ions· arc today.
Ot her c!Yi ls <.:o uld be ri ghted, and as Socialislll st J'Pngt hens many n~ forms - will lie ll.ttempted.
LPt t h l'lll c ·on~P ha t k and fast. - lt is a r elief
to lu10w that. 1he! l-\uprcme Court is not idioti c
enough 1o put a stone waU ..jn the path of eve u
t hese tnil<l measures of r eli ef.
• • •
•
f'.
•
ANOTHER .EXECUTIVE VOYAGE ~
RE IDENT WJLS .
enters offic;'with an
.
hon es t . d ctern,1ination t' serv~ th e nation
an l r em d~ wrongs. 'l'he more e ffective,
th u, will· be t he object le son wh en· he fai ls to
accompTi h anythin,. .funJ'amental.
.·
·
He m eans w ell , but good intentions will avail
. little. 'His task, he says, ''is a work Qf r estoration. "
trange, i it not, that governm ents should
n eed to "restore" the old, when every where 'else
growth into the n ew i the purp~. e of "·isdom ?
-
The one pregnant statement in th e inaugural aq.:
dress' is this : "we hav,e reared giant machil;ier y
w~ich · ma!le it impossible t hat anY. but t hose who ·
stood at the lever s .of eontr?l should have · a
chance t o "lob~ out f or them~lves. "
Those ''giant- machines'' ~ can . n ever be '' restored" t o smaller ma.c~ines . Oin'y· when all the
people· own these niachines and p ut t h eir s.e r¥ants at the levers can any .but the few " h ave a·
chance to look .QJlt for themselves.''
·
.
'!'here is no fr eedom except in going on throu gh
.
.
.
.
..
the .trust evohitwn to industrial democraew-, President _\\Tilson; you can not turn. the wheels of
progress backward. .
.
•
•
It .will help in 1he ed u~ation of the peop)e, however, to h ave th e executive . failures made by a
man in whose sinc~rity of purpose all have faith ..
'I'h ~t a President" means 'well " counts as little
as it . wmild in a sra r:a pt ain who kn ew nothi11g
of navigation.
.Fo1· anotll!.~ l' voyage, 110\\'C\'Cl'.' it may lead
t he passen ge rs to ~cleet on e ,\·ell p osted in the nse
.
of charts an d compass.
U erQ.'s t o;[ prompt edu<.:at iou in the grea-L.a r t
c;r ho\~· Jtoto..to run the sh ip of .·tate.
'
------··~ '
· -----.
FOR· PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATitiN
OCIA.I"ISTS a r e the onJy true d~moc rab; .
rrot only do t hey ac~ept t he principle but
,\·o nld also ap ·ly it to the fullest extent.
'1'\t'cy accept ·as tl:ut h heyonq. cavil t he state .
l lCO tlu~t, "the cure for the evils of demoera ey
is more democracy."
Socia\ism jtself bein g the democratizaJj_un of
industry, wh er el'er under capitalism opportunity
·,.is· giv en fo r wider application of the principle,
. . Socialists a1·e r eady to t~ke .advantage of it.
Among its imm edia.te - political d emands the Socialist ua .· onai platform declar~s for propo t;tional
r epresentat · n. ·
For. the fi st t im e in this country, in any large
city, a cam i
is now on in Los Angeles in
which .this form ·o f r epr esentation. is the ~ain I
issue. An effort is bein g made to amend the city
- charter and one· of t lie amendments provided by
o•o~o~o•o ·
T
0
O
0
�7
/
The Weste·rn . Comrade·
.
'
:
tile People's Charter Committee in which Soeial- · the girls who. bav~ no home~ shall not h~. ~
i:;;#s had farge representation provides for this . . ployed'!
· Can th~re . be any more b-razen avo~a] of acplan,
cepted
charity th~ • to say:
• Of course, the
~aturally mernbet's of that party are among
girls
can
not
live
on·
what
we
pay,
but they liv~
il.' staunchest advocates with excellent prospects
at horneT
·
~
for it.'§ adoption.
Char~ty workers are very fearful of "pauper- ·
~oon or late, the recognition of the principle
izing" the~ beneficiari-es. How about pauperiz-.
f hnt minorities are entitled to representation even
ing the rich '!
under ma,jority rule is bound to c.ome. Trut~'and
willdom are not established by stifling the vote
TEAQ!;IING SEX HYGIENE
rof opposition nor by suppressing the political
.NEW YORK CALL recently appeared
. power of tho~; e \vho~e opinions may differ from
with two columns ·on its Woman's .Parre,
1hose held by the majority.
headed '' \V1fi1at ·Evm:b~ Girl Shou ld Know ' \ . .
1
1
Th e r esult of this election will be awaited \Vith
and ~ U.nderneath,
Uing t e· ·tlv.o co umns, t te ~
int l't'cst.
words: "Nothlng: By Order of the United, tntes
Post
Office Department.''
------·•---.•---+·-----This,
being interpreted, means that the authorTHE PAUPERIZED PROSPEROUS -.:.. .
ities refused to allow a series of articles , on sex
ID you know that th e ri ch department
'.
hygiene for girls to appear.
stoi·e owners and the ir customers take up
. A girls' ignoraJ;Jce · ~p.ay mean ·a life or lives
a collection each week fro· th e fath'ers iii
cursed with disease, yet she J!IUSt not be taught
hundreds of thousnnds or wOJ·king class homes~
the dangers · that beset.
t_.
Th ey do.
The -articles_ had been written by a tr~c1
nurse and ~ontained in plain limguage vita:Uy
They pass the hat to th e brothers and sisters,
important facts. fuluncle Sam's paternat' a.Tm
!'oth ers ot· moth.ers who pay the family grocery
reached out to stop this good work.
hills and as]{ them kindly to aid in. the support of
In Denver, arrangements bad been made to
t h1·ir help.
have
a ~peci al teacher employed t9 · teach the
The customers. follow along and say, "yes;
girls
of
the High Scfuool on this. subject. The
pl t>ase help us out, so that our fine clothes need
Sc)l'60-I
·
Board-'-certairi
mem?ers of it-qbjectcd.
not cost so mu ch.''
Tidot~rs
could
be
taught" but not .the girls
Thi~ is r egarded as uph a pretty plan that
direct, and that is now the arrangement. Classes
H li w official in d pa'rtmen't stores-an investifor mothers are held, a-nd only girls 'Y.ijJlout
I!Htor- is to be appointee who c busines 't shall
mothers are taught. ·
he to see that the girls en Joyed live at home in
.• 'This is much better than nothing, but is not
families which can supply roo~1 and . board.
- so effective and sure as direct lessons to the girls.
J ust why a farnily hould pay half the alWhat an obscene generat_io.n this is, t~ . be
at·y whil~ 'the employer· fa~e all the time and·
sure, whe plain physical facts take on the color
('tH~ r·gy is hard to ay, but that is he · rrreat slf..
of indecenc1 !
·
hltior: o~ered by t he Illinois innstigation.
. ·seve~ty p cent of the opera:tions upon wom· It ls ad!nitted that 50,000 'O'irl r c{!cive less
en ·are made cess ry by diseases of which they
t h:\n . &.-00 a \\~e~k iu liic.ago-..,a trifle more than
aro ignorant.
h;Df wlmt it co ts them to live. .Many time. that
'Perhaps there are mgre reasons t han modesty
nu mber work for lc.. tha1t a liYiug wage.
- why enlightenment IS not popular in fiOtn c
Om t he¥c he gt:.catcr ~ t'(IJ than to .
that ·
quarters.
rRHE
l\i§
s
.
• •
�.._
The West e_r n Com r·ade
28
PLAYS. PLAYmS'PUlWIR
B:v
THE
NEW
MILA
DRAMATIC
THER
TRIANGLE .
!li-amati~ triangle has been dis-
It is not the t raditional two
men · and a woman or two women and a
man , but the three factors which make
th e theater a help or : a hindrance in
progress: 1he illay \Vriter,
h.e playac to1' and tl·;., playgoer.
· Whether one i s intereste(! ·chiefly. in
the progress of art, in moral education
or in so<'ia l propaganda, the forces to be
.c-ounted npon are a l way s lhree fo ld : skillful drama from
tho author, •ffc<' til·e art frem ·th e actor and intelligent
apprec·iation on lii P part of !he audience.
c~ac h depPnds upon thP oth er. Neither can ad1·ance
fa1· IJP)'OIHI ti\P 'o t hPr t wu. Th e finest .dramat.jst -in til e
world <·otlld not win a hearing uuless th ere were actors
skillful t•no ug h to mak<' th e valn e of hi s work apparent ;
and wit holt! a pull lie !'apabl e of knowing good work
litltl willin g to patrnni:t.P it, genius in both plliywrig ht
and playpr s wou lu 110t s:irc them from starvation .
\\'hnl PI'er there i s ohtained ~ and by the d1'amalic
urt llltl st <'OJm• liii'Otlgh th e triune education of writers,
puiJile and play ' J';;. )) manu creates supply; suppl y
<·rcal<•s dtomand . It is a mutual stimulus and it were
prun(lpss to a slc whi <' h IL•atls, hut ce rtainiy t1.1e audien<'P
i s nol l<>us"' in importau c:e.
Tl ! •• \\' rts tprn Comrad e will try to do· its part in mal< ing li s r •>ttl c r s h lpt:ul units in the· g1·eat pitblic which
IIIII Ht iJH·n·asP lhr;- popularity of good work and weakeit
t hu hold ol' pour work .
Truth
Across
Footlights
··
/~.
a truth to propagate nowadays (
--~
C'rO,wcl s which fre[]uent the thea- -.....~
I g l not my gospel ·acrgss lhe
ALLA NAZIMOVA
• (•ry or the ard e.u.t in ev ery deto stiit the Iabelle!'. The sturdy facts arntler e in unmistakable p 'r ecision.'
Th • 'odnllst i s w ell at • th e front of those laying·· •
Ou J• Oy.-n...Bernard Shaw
ars nal
pOII'et:.
si<'g lo this g r
ll .were 11101~ exact to ay, the s·ocialist i s already
Then there i s t h e inimiCable, delicious Shaw.. If
in 11 session of its l.HJSl g~ms, is air ady using its weaIbsen i~ unlabelled, not so Bemard SMJ.w. He not onfy
P ns t.o do etT eli \' St>l'\ ire al many points in the world-il-rite Socia!ist signboards all through his plays, but,
wide bnttlefl ld.
· .. ~
lest a
nse public. fail to see, he introdu ces every play
J·:vprynn L• who has
1ool(H longlng-ly,.tl ~he
l l'r.·. "\\'oe i s m e if
J'oo tllg-hts." Thi s · is tl
partment o l' c iTorl.
'at
' T ho litemry drnma i s tlee]lly tinged with social sugg sll n if not with dire t propaganda.
H(•tirik l bs n. now rN~O"'nized g nerally as the Fatit ,. of the ~1ud rn. Dmmn. rnis
·tat'tlt's nnd bnffl
th
..
s II'
tions'"TI•om mal\y P<-'r]ll!'xiug )laradoxicnl angle,_ 'o \l'l'il , ,. of whom o much ha been written -i so
llttl under tood. His work f a gr at labor atory in
which tl1 stud nl or the world as it i find his- mate•·inl 1 ad-y r r ' X mination . ..r"fhe lab I. may tie put on
\.
.
df
wi~h
a p ·eface of volume l ength telling the . ~eader all
tha t the lay might mean if interpreted f~om the soapbox. Tb
1s . no chance to misinterpret Shaw in his
ecenomic ,gospeL
.
True, ome of u_s would wish that be mig):Jt have put
our own litHe red co\·ered tract in his volume instead
of the ones he places the1·e, but if lhe· proof of the
iJUdding -i in the number who can be got to eat it.
h~w's brand of propag~nda is ti1e real stuff.
"I u ed to ha\"e a half dozen of Shaw's plays on my
sheh·es ' for a year bef(n:e they were sofd." sai d a Coast
�/
T h
e
-
W e s t e r n C -o m r a d -e
books tore man, " but now I can scarcely keep stocked
up, although I order hundreds at a time."
The secret lies in the man's irresistible wit and the
utterly unexpected places in which he pops up with a
new mask for his Socialist clown.
The old 9rder will n e ve r be laughed off the earth.
but by making capitalists, big and little, and intellectual
paras ites of evet·y bra nd roar with laugh ter at t hemse h·es and their fooJ civil iza tion, the crises of the
transition time are likely to~be met with greater safety.
With s urpris in gly general consent, t hi s noisi ly labelled rehel is placed at the head of JiYing dramc
a ti s ts.
Quite a feathe r in our collecth ·e ca p, is it not?
\\' ha t Sha11:Jhs done in astoundi ng measure a nd in
his own fashi,on, hnndreds ·of oth~rs c=o;;tay do in sonfe..
measure a nd
1 in hi ~ ow n fa shion.
To nam e tlt P ether dramatists whose plays lta1·e so-·
cia ! im port would be to nam e we ll nigh e1·ery a ut hor
ll'h!JS<' fame has crossed local bord pr Jin es.
It c·ould not we ll h P ot herwisP. A man o r woman
in this age, who is not awake t o tlw Yast a bomination
of things as they arc and thrill ed with PX pectation for
thP advanc ing n PW order. would hal'l:"! too li ttle life for
g-ood work of any kin<l.
The Drama Yet to Be
T he re yet awaits. hOW(c'I'Pr. th e r eal tl ram a of th e age .
l>rama that sha ll not be conten t to picture eY ils all too
fam iliar, but which shall e mbod y tiie livin g forces s urgitt!-( through the arteri es of Labor's ,.-alill4t_ hod~·. \V e
~t·p waiting for th e com rad e artist
who sha ll make
know n to all th e wo rld that Unseen and Som e what by
11·hi ch the clasping hand s of brothe r s leas hed th e do!'ls
of war, wh e n Europe's m e r cenary rivals threaten ed t o
make the f.lalkan h o t'fo rs spread throu g h a continent.
\\'e wait th e h eai't and Yision which will make real
ro a:ll men that Co mrade Kin gdom in wh ich th'e millions
are co ming .to stand upon th e ir feet. heads erect. hearts
ltPat ing s teadfa s t!~·. ea d t strong in the stren~th of a ll.
han d c lasped firm in ha nd, fu ll circle. 'round the globe.
This, th e mi g hti e~t ]lOWe r the .ol<l ea rth has e ve r
knoll"n, waits an embodim e nt in dramati c art which
shall he lP to s pread that Cotl)rade l:(in gdom to th e last
rPmotest corne r of the nations.
ln. th e m eantim e, it will "he a: )leasui·e to k eep-J,ally
as th e various aspects of v ital
ths find the ir way
Hf'I'OS!; th e footlight s.
/
29
Chicago, issued a bulletin concerning the play to its
members. The result was that it )lad a .Phenomenal run
an<! is now well established as one of the successes
of the year.
Margaret · Illington as the · re be llious slum · mother,
w-as exceedingly strong. ·
*
*
The Drama· League of America is an 01·ganization
to increase the general ititelligence in matters which
concern the drama: . It · has spread· . with remarkable
rapidity all ove r the country. The aim is · to encourage
good plays by a prom pt notice t o me mb'e rs, telling
them that a g iven play is worth while and why. ·There
are flouri shing branches ·in · both San Francisao and
Los Angeles.
·A-
*
·:~
I
Bernard Shaw's n e w play . "Fanny's First P lay,' has
been one of the g reat successes in New York this winter: It is a play written abqu t a play and h-as a group·or
c rit ics trying to decide who wi·ote th e p lay to which
they liste.n '. Many play \l;f'iters, not omitting Shaw himself. are ridi cu le d. Shaw's 'egotism" is again in la\tghing evidetice. "He who has a message will not h esitate to beat a drum at the door of i1is tent."
The se_lf~advertising" of this str e nuous propagandist
is but the beating of this drum. "lf I tell- the dull British public often enough what ~ wonderful _person am,
they will be lieve and listen ,'' he calmly says and r estilts
are proving him wise in hi s m e thod.
i
~
~----~------------------------------------~ ~
•
MAK f NG " KINDLING" SUCCEED
f.
How the publ ic may make a play a s uccess· is ex •·mplified in the play ''Kindling" "tried out" in Los
An geles more than a year ago. It was a good 11lay
fro m . ey e ry s tantlpolnt, but in _picturing .the fatai effect
qf t he s lums on c h ildl1ood, the relation of the landlords
to these slums and a young mother.'s r pbe llion against
''ringing h er e hild into the ir death -dealing a_tm osphere
1l taugh t a valu able ·social lesson .
Th_e p lay ratl'in Los Xngeles se1·e ral ll"eeks, · la rgely
ltcC'aUse it was ca lled to th e att<!ntion of the Socialists
.tnd pushed by th e working class papers . .
In , e w York . the play was not a ~t ro n g success but
lit<' Dran1a League" noti ced it ·and . ,,?fi~n it . cam e to
. =·.
-..t:
I
~-----· - ~
''
MARGARET ILLINGTO f'.l
�I
..._
The Western Comrade
By
CJ
EMANUEL . JULIUS
that our young friends a.t:e not anxious for advice'.'
Does not -experience teacli as much as a lecture? Young
men do not take things for granted. Tbey want th
reason for this and that. As Bernard Shaw 1lays, on
should listen to advice and then go ahead and do a.
he pleases.
ARTISTS VERSUS CRITICS
lf:!!~~~~~~HgRE
T
l.s a ne ver-ending war be tween
our critics and artists. The critics bark
at our artis ts . 'l'hey e xaggerate petty
faults and overlooK real worth- sometimes. ThJs ange rs -our art ists. A California author, for instance, recently
attacked crilicH, frankly .cOnfessing he
hated them. H e declared that critics
fail ed as author-s, and, therefore, are unable to judge. This is ridiculous. Must
l Jay an ('gg to judge whether one is bad or good?
*
I
*
"No matte r what the period is, the chair I sit In
comfortable," said Henry Irving. ~e held that
WhPn 1111 ·om fort able, he could not act artistically. Might
It uot b ' add •d that a writet· can no create if his
Htornnch enusc H hlrn dJ~comfort , and th: an artif?t canBot pnlut If he l'e Is that exas peratinr 'aching void"?
'l'ho 0 rcelu; were wonde rful tfl'rilosophi and sculp.tors,
t ht•lr !II'!I HU of th o beautiful was idea· . they were free
frum t li t• wnrrlcs of ;;atlst:ying physical ueeds. A coml'mtalJio p •opl soon becomes an artistic people.
lnUI!t b
..
*
'*
·X·
*
*
*
\\'lmt I ~ art '! Can \\'(' not say that it is ge nius '
~u lill!• \\'llltti \\'t>ltling a noise into a harmony?
*
ATTITUDES
\\'l' nst•d t o I'll,.~,
Jl' :r tlw author. or the pa s t.
Ah !
11om(' 1 \' irgil! Socr.a t{'tl.! A li ttle late r
\\' l' t ' OIIIIIH'II •pd tht·n 1111; ,flow t• rs at our !i1·ing au thors._
A h ! JH:·l{t'n>'! Hugo ! Thn kl"ray! T oday, ah . today, .,.c
do n' t tin so .t'noli ~ h a t hing. T h past a t· the present
lll,;turh,· 11~ 110 h•ngt'l'. \\"t• nuly 'l'on,;ide r t he futur('.
W il l '1'\\'t't; Ill• - \h•' 'lfri.kt' a 11<'11' note if T1e continul"
\\Tiling fnt• l'ort~·- pi~ht. ~'N\1',;': W ill 1 <'t'dle-T wum',;
nhwt~·-fmtl't h nul'<' I l•t• " 'l'hC' G n•nt AnwriC'an l'\o1·e1 ?''·
\ 'Ill t111• IH•xt t·••ntm·y l't•ad ,'wn,;hhu('k •t',; JlOt'lry? \\'ill
tlm'l 11,/-~···at·-oltl -~··n iu.' who wrot~ his fir. t t welH.' hunth'<•tl wnrtl ,;tut·y la,;t WN'k t'fl':ll.:> a nt'W SC'hool of
litl'l'nhu·t·~ 1'mnm·•·ow is the day wi th us-::::elah!
tlw
l'lm;~ il'~ !
0
ICE TO THE YOI.:J G
"'l'nk"' ~~ hudfN ~I' Wlltt"l''. stir it almut ·with a stic-k
f 'I' half l\ll hem t•; t hl'll _Sc>e What SilEO hole ~'011 ha \' C
madt'. .'u•·h is lbe {'lft>el of d \'ic-c ou a ~·oun.~ man's
mind," ,; 1hi u A m~·ri('l\ll..ttllmori::;t, - And i» it not gOO!!
'
\ ,,
\
\
*
*
lt" is .apparent to the most casual observer that our
:~:..oung poets a re striking out for themselves.
At thl
mo~nt i. am impressed by the fact that they are aim · ing body blows at that arch tyrant, Mr. ' Highfalutin
'\\' urdes. It appears as though he is soon to die the
death of th e useless. No more Necropolis ! No more
Ashtoreth! No more Blo~somy-excreme~U What did
you .ask? Oh, to be sure, l haYe Johp Masefield in mind.
\
-r.
Wlit•lt you ~ ut• a lie in th o Atlantic Monthly you feel
t•UnHO ictl, l'ot' you know, at lea s t, that it. is expressed
In l.'laH~ I tl l•:ng-llsh.
..
*
.Shakespeare speaks of art being tongue-tied by authority. It is undeniable that those whom we treasure
as geniuses were th~ men co~nigeous enough t
rules . . Beethoven, Wagner, ·whitman, Monet,
and· others ha.ve enriched our store of the beaut!
cause they knew· ·enough to know mora than those w o
preceded them. They }earned that art is expression.
• Which is more desirable-free expression or limited ex ~
pression? ln other words, should an artist permit himself to be ens!ave!l by a code of rule!ii?
But, would it not be welt for young writers to Jearn
rules before ~hey smash them·? •
COM FOR~
II
*
RULES AND ART
·THE
_.;;
NEW
POETRY
\\' he n a ne w t hing <·omes into the world, s ome perso~t s welcome it, and othe rs r egre t its a ppea ran r·P;
most. howe Ye t·. a re qu ite indiiT rent. The n e w poelry-tl!e so ng of c ity streets. city people, ~life-is her •.
John Da1·idson, J o)1n H a ll \\' heelock, and a ha lf dozPII
o the rs, inclndin g a few Ame ri cans, are writ ing poetry
t hat i,; ne w- and. a s fo be e xpected. they are accepted
by :t few a nd reject<'d by others . They a re singing, n o1
of t he moss:grown rucks of t he hillside but of ' the
h 1·taches. Lhc !topes. the aspmilions of the people--·
1.'\·er : -day ·p~ople.
Tb
to lie expected, welcoJ!l_es the ne\\
poets nd their new :ongs. A writer in. The lndepend·
ent wo I 13\'e them rurn back to the fields and th•
fOJ"ests. Hut: the editor of The ·Forum. in an editorial
note, annount·es _in the February issue that "i is hoped
that the poets or America will send in their best work.
abandonin" mor and more he con\·entional and traditional. and ginng to tbe 'l'lme-Splrit what it has not YP'
n~<"eit'ed-adequate expression. · *
* • pring ode..
and om- modl'd mol'alizings are no desired. Jt is bet te-r to raj! with an id.ea tba was at least wonh whilt-
�:
~1
T be Wes-t ern C ,& mrad e
By
ELEAN ·OR
WENTWORTH
~~~~-~tOW,
of course, the first question that will
life is far behind the rest of the world, it is only a
come to mind in seeing this .title "The
faint whl per. In Germauy, Holland and France it has
Woman's View" will be what sort of
grown to a mll.rmur. In Eng1and· its notes are crescendo.
depa.rtmentai division is to be made here
And ·in America ~ts theme is alreQ.dY ·stirring the hearts
for the \tomen of the world; whether
and minds of the people; , they are beginning to· respond
it Is to be a house,wife's 'department, a
to its messa_ge.
mother's department, or a department
It is f-OT us to understand and act on that message:
telling women wit.l;l impecuniOVE! · or
I
'It
·*
"stingy" husbands bow 'to make pin
P EO PL.E OR PROPERTY
.-;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;::;::=.~~ money; whether·It will advocate political
It is very seldom that tbe, English. militants are
freedom for women and taboo the subject of economic
connected
with· a·n y. idea except sutJ:rage. It is a rare
freedom or vice versa.
occurrence w~en any mention is made of a deep
·
The reader will want to know if in this department
pose,
of
an
ultimate
aim.
·
But
it
is
there
and
the
m
there are to be aired the seemingly Inconsistent views
in which 'theY prOceed to. 'Vin the ballot-their means,
of the funny old world, which· al!osvs women to be
their 'weapon-is the key to that aim.
atrong and economicallY free in parts of Siberia, allows
·Their organizations have officially declared that in no
them to be politically free in Australia and Fin.lane\,
•
instance
will they attack buman Ufe in their efforts .
gires them partial ·political freedom In some other ·
to
secure
the ba.llot, but they will / attack the idol
countries, but nowhere allows them In all respects . to
Property and attempt to destr·o y its prestige. In the
live freely, fully, and -bumiinly:'
municipal work that the' women have done (the women
It will be the purpose o.f this department to pre::;ent
.o f England have a mui!icipal vote, which, however, )
through sketches and articles the efforts women ·are
leaves tpem quit:e helpless · when it comes to parllamaking to achieve a ' full share in human activities and
Itlentary action) they have ·seen human . betngs of both
to show the economic cau~s und~rlying these 'efforts.
sex~ ana all ages b9und to the rack of ~oil for the
And while national problems and event's will receive
'sake
of Property;· they have seen .them thr-ottled by dirt
the international phases will also be
special attention,
.,
and disease a'n d vice because ·or the worship of Prop..kept In . the foreground, for, it is .International, this
e rty; they have seen the bloom and promise of little
mo1·ement of women toward the. larger affairs of the
children ground into dolla~s for the sake .of this same .
world, as international as the working class movement.
idol.
Everywhere the·y have .seen animate · life counted
Like a great new son_g, it ris s from th~ hearts of the
a!l nothing in cQmparison .with inanimate wealth .
nations. ln the Ori nt, wh re thl'J economic and social
So with admLrable courage· they wage their . battle
'that this. m'ay be chang~d.
than to succeed unimportant!)'
tin the United Stat~s this same idol receives more.
\
.
. by following worn-an
worn-out- grooY s."
human sacrifices than it does _in England. In Illinoi s
lncidcntall)·, Th Forum's editor announces "The
\
we hear qf agitatiO!l for pure milk- b!!:les lives are
Factory," a long po
by Hany Ken~.
con'sidered as .naught beside the prpflts of .the. Milk
'l'he new poets are, fter all, not so very new. \VhitTrust. ln .Oklahoma we hear of a scandal among school
man \1'1\S a. nell' , JlO t. H ~\'as thrilled by the music ef
book commissioners : _ .Some of the oldest publl_shers
life. To hlm . every human being was a ong; every
tried through fraud to secure the adoption or antiquated
•·ro' ·d wns n symphony. He did nol. hold himself aloof, ·
tex.t books_:_the education of the childhood of Oklahoma
is ot to be cohsideretl when it endangers' th~ standing
"aboye" humans.. Hepb.horr d seclu ion; and lo ·ed. to
'Hingle with the people of cities. · "One can name poets
of ildewed book firms. In Wisco.nsin very recently
who would ha,·e 'been greater btit for the trammel of .
factor s have t\\·ice b~en destroyed by fire because
' 1Aei1• seclusion," said Edmund Clarence Stedmfin.
the bui dings were old and badly equipped ~· As usual,
b it 110t uufair to say that the new poet<> are not
the wo ers urnished fuel for the holocaust-human
, l''l'ers of ilatur ? · 1 a man a less part of nature than
live are
t a jot compared with fire insurance.
<I ·k~·lnrk. a tree,~ rive~, or a.\nount:ain? To "get next
· In a thousand instances this monster destroys help!
,·ictims. It i's the Old Man of the Sea riding on
~\ll'e " is it neC('S ar.· fot· t~e poet to ignore.. one
·•I t\llt'ur~·s noblest products- inan?
•
our houl~ers. driving us to desperation. Jt is time to
J.l.lllallon
i'Stt1er6 u'Ot as much poett·y 111 the laugh of~ child,' _£Qncerte..Q.l r ·st ·
It is not nece ary, it would _e\·en be inexp"edient for the
'he ob of a maiden~ the aspfi-ation of
the Weals "f luau. or the love of w·oman a may be round in the
women of the United States to. eml!}oy the J11ethods of
the E.qg.lish suffragettes. · In some states tbey already
mnrmur of ihe west wind, tb rippl~ Of the hrooks. tile
"<U' of' 'tbe ocean OJ> the · t!fll.llder p-f the element '?
have the weapon for which the Engll!:h· women ..are now
*
•
[J
.
.
iouth:
J
�-
•·
The West e r n Co-m r a de
only lftrl.-ing, and in thmse .states where the)· are not
to get it
ffOmJ wirhout violent measures.
..
~"· thl<Y are already practically equipped to cope
1wtth tbll J!TOIJiem IJf People versus p ropert)'. 1£ only
y •main• PI d"L-ide how and when.
'J'lJ twglu with, in tbOHe !States where they ba\·e the
baltm, tfjl:Y should l1er:omc thoroughly acquainted with
Uw tmllrleal !!ltuativn and n:fu!le to support those po!itlcal Jlarti~l! )fhir·h- arc: thian~ed r,y and tight for Properly, Tlu·y Khould IIU JIJIOrt that party which is fighting
agal u Ht Jlr!IJII'rty and 111 financed hy the People--that
parr y which ill trying lO rl!vcrse the \'aluation upon
W)llch our 1!0 ·ll!ly Is now based and make Property
llflr\'1! I'NIJIII' ln11teall of J'c,oplc sen·ing Property.
Tlwm an, al1111 tfw uni()n~; <:arrying' on an organized
l'lllnJialgu fm• the 1\'{)f'kt: rs. -All women \VllO are able t.o
llo 110 Kl1o1111l f!plong- to twm c union. Those who are not
l•llg-IJ,I r• lo IH'I'OIIW JJIUillbt•rt~ of o"'rganizeil labor should
jol u I lit• \\' om.-u'M Tr,ulo I ' Ilion League as a llies-even
hull llf•Wh' l'll ( 'UIL do tlli!!.
l ' I'IIJ>I'I'IY li a K inln•nl'lwtl itself so solidly t hrough
orgnul~aliol l.
H111. wli l'n t h e puople organize whole li('ai'IPtl l,v 1111'11' K tl'l' l l~ l h wi ll b e so great th a t e ven thcJI <•I' I'II i• •aJI )HJ\1' <'1' o f l' ropPI' Iy_ wi ll IJc weak in com Y'-t in JHHillefll>iOO of tbtl ballot, they are sure
JIIll' iHoJI .
l,!'l Orga n iza tion lw
I
li P wall-h word.
·X·
·X·
·f.·
TH E DECADENCE OF SELF - SACRIFICE
\\'p Ht't• l<•nrnlu g ' iu th ese days tha t thi cal idea s
11111 a il tLllllllllitH'. bu t that ~ey han ge with time
t·l t'<' lllll slfLll c: wear· learnin g a fact th a t a d ecade
wo w o uld h iLVo flro rn •d lo recog ni ze-that virtues
are
and
ago
are
111 1\d l' n t' II PI' •Rs it y. E xn mlna t.i ou of the g round on whi ch
nny <• I hiC'tll ld IL sta nds will prove t hat thi s is so.
\VIl Ll ~• t· It lJ hones ty, fa ithfulness, physical coura ge,
mom! eoumg- , pat! ll Cl'. it s till holds good that th e
qunllt y hns nn thl cnl \'Uiuo !Jocause th e circums tances
or n ~ !l·t•n t lrn C' mnk it advantageous for an Indi vidual
! ~ t·on,p I n <I •I'C'Iop s uch qualities.
'l'ntln~· hntw~ l y i
on icl r d a virtue because it is
1\ 111'('\'SHa ry !lSS('( t o our ir111us trial civilization. If o~'
lllt n t•ould not hold a n o t h r a t his. word. the re would -··
ho nn!lting hut chaos in ou r ommer cial !if . Factories.
ha nk ~. t•h.•t\l'ing hou s,
,. n sta te Ins tit utions would
Wl\Yl'l' llk th ~t ·nhov t he S<'a,.. if it were not for
lh
ft\l"t that tM gr at major ity o f humans a re
th I' u ~hl~· i mbu d w it!' a sens
·
:-:amt>IE-, ubmi ion under oppr I ,.<' wh se only alternati'l'e is
l\QIWlltnkhn '· , but when m:mifested b~- au independent
.!l,t'ill~ II ,is. WHikll~'s.-. A :: rf or the Middle Ages was
II\ 1 l Wh\'n ht' bend~ Wilbon qu tiou to hi~ lord'~
~ Ill, Hut for , lh, t
nu.• I rd t aequiesce ' ·itb qual
to tb
u
hing dem ud or another lord
l\U ther
~~ \II I~ \'irtu u in
)
'llh>d ::h~s
c:o"
ntiN>.
Self-saeri.fice is one of those tirtue which is m~t
surely the product of necessity. bo who~e real character
has been one of tl'le last to be reco~ized. It -is n
idea with which three-fom:ths of humanity b.a benumbed itself beeao e there was no other< eou
to
take. As a _bulwark of religion it has en·ed
dru"'
that made tolerable an a lmo t intolerable rondit!on,
And in that capacity it had a great ,;alue and en·ed it
purpose welL
It may haye been well that at one time thou ud
of slaves bent their back at ruthless toil in alien
Rome and ga\'e Ul> their homes to enable one country
and one people to r ise to heights in statecraft and
. aJ'(;hitectu1·e. I t may have been well that out of the
blood of workworn and slaughtered Helots. gr w the
leisure, ~alent and power of the Greek , who mold d
the radiant b·eau•y of a Diana and ~>. ·venus of 1\IUo,
reared the formi dab le walls of t he Acropolis, a nd constructed sys tems of logic. which after the lap e of
a t housan d years s~ill hold an interest for t he ~vorlcl.
The psychical suppression apd pen-ersion. the bodily
s poilation of womankin d from th e tent days f anci nt
Jud ea to t he t ime of our modern industria l 1 a e lstrqm
ma y have bee n well. "All these im meas urabl e s · ritl
may ha Ye se r\'ed a purpos e. \ Ve a cted thus bccau ·e
we w ere in our .childhood an.d knew no better . B u t on
this mountain of human li ves we have built t he possibility of es<:apin g fore Ye r from t he necessity of sel fs_a crifice-we have built for ourselves t he possibility of
a t rue De mocracy. which ni eans MUT UAL AID,
A societ y in whi ch one · pers on, one class, or on e
sex mus t s acrifi ce itse lf to th e inter ests of some othe r ,
is wa_steful, oligarchical, undemocra ti c. As a syste,rq
it can only be classed with th e unsyst ematic met!fo-ll
of nature in bringing to life many more c reatu~ s tha n
g~en conditions can support in order tha t the s pecies
, may be in no danger of pe ri shing. It is {or u s .with
our mu ch-va unted intelligence to improve upon this
· m e-thod, to supplant sac~ific e with fulfill_m ent.
There is no harm in r ecognizing that all' id ea, which
\ we have reg(lrded s a c red for many years is no longer
serYiceable, tqat its re lation to ethi cs is altered . Ti me
is a crucible th rough which all t hings mus t pa ss. And
,t he crucible is a rare transform er. Mora l t raits that•
g listen a nd sparkle like opa ls a t one time, come out
dark, lus te rless at another.
.
'
In our actions we a lready begin t Obelie our t hough t s
on the subject. 'In unions, and clubs a nd in the Socialist
party in pa rticular, we a re e ndea voring to impr in t on
the mind of m ankiitd the n eed of he lping ea~h other,
of mutual concess ions, of mutual a id. We teach t hat
it is the good of all that must be considered ;md not
be good of a few. But we are 'l'ery timid. We are
id of being selfish. The old lessons of the ages,
" e >e your master," "serve your husband," "serve your
prie t," « ·n make us waver. \\'e bat'e learned to give,
but
to take. " 'e are a fraid to belie>e that it is an
equal amount of gi¥e and take t hat makes a complete
and happy being. ·
But we are learning. ""e are now at the parting
of the ways. We mus decide once for all. wbetber
we want to go forward .to a better thing. or whether
we want to remain ~ sau-fied whb our drug until decay
begin.
�/
-
The Western ComEade
g
e
T IS often supposed that tbe opening up
ot wila and desolate lands, the pop!lllatiflg of rugged mountainous regions, and
of places where tbe sparse settlements
have to struggle hourly with nature for
subsl11tence is a good thing and a beneficial one for the nation. Jn tale and
song we continually laud and magnify
the name or the homesteader with his
sod house and his capacitY for enduring
abotlt everything 1hat can he endured. It i s '!ery gen••rall y con~>;idcred that tjlis proees!'! of driving the pioneer
to the " margin of cultivation," to the poor lands and
1 he w ild lurHh<. to add v.·astel! and to winters of howling
l>lir.r.ards i ~ all a part of "tivJiir.ation ." Even 1he dear
uld ll!lllllttl'r, IWt>ul Y· fil·,. miiC'~ from th e railroad. fight ing moslplit<ws In the Hprlng. tolliug under a hundrecl
and tPH (]pgrPeR of heat all Hllm n.er . Jiving on l.Jlack·
, tl'ftp and lJC'am;, stuf11ng his red handken·hief into his
~ hirt to keep the tlyiug ant R from nPsting in him, ;~nrl
Jayitt~ up all through flnc> month s of freezing winter'
wi th ttlu.:nlut('!y uothlng to clu- e\·en he car rir•s his straw
illtl" IIH!Jfttll ~· as lHJ<• of tho ~<' fol'l'l'llllll<'l'>; of progres,;
tlrat 1\'o t·Pa!l a!Jottt.
An~· onP
wlto H u ~g<··Hts that thPHC' f(07.Pn prairi es
- lwttld hp )Pft nlonP. nt lf'n ~t In wintPr. and the rl Psert s
al leaH! in Hllmmer. thnl thellC' rough gn!\'elly m lf1l>f1 taiu
, Jupefl allll wort ltleHs Hand wasteR Hhall IJp l e ft alo11e
:tltog!'lh< •J' fllld that JI<'OPI<' shou l d live in a human
•·oiillt 1'y woHld n ere r g•·t a trar·e of a lH'rll'i n g. And yet
tftp l!JIIP Is crH ttin ~~: whPn d\'ilized. inlelligenl people
II iii lin• \\.ill'l'f' til(•_\' C' IHlOKt• ,ii'nll \\'hPn thf'y ('hOOSf', when
n•aKonahle lll< •n will livp in reu son abl e C'limates. and
11111 1\' IH•rr>, lllr" <'R tll t>. th e ~· hRPP<'ll to he !lrh·en.
Almu..: t tit<' t·nl it'e population of l.he Dakotas, MinIIPHOta , Manitoha, Saslmlehew:?h. and simi l ar plaecs is
a llt>ad loKH to lltl' world front No\·emhPr to April, anrl
In thi fl IO KA lllllSt. he adderl the l oss of the use Ot all
iltf'll·· h~nrlrl'd~ of thou ~u,n d s of honws aud 'ITli l lion;t of
dnllan; worth of machinery. A hll-lzanl howlin~; an!l
!'agin g down fl'onl Alhaba~ca ti es up ten thousand men
Htld 0fU· thou sand hOI'SeS. It should ti(' p nothing hut
mttlelltlltkes and foxes. 'l'hc entire JlOI ulal~on of the
t'ajlfnl·nltL brush hills, t.h western timber Hmits. the
l'fl!'u);h rountt'ks in \'lrglnia and. 'T~:onnessec an(! other
states, lA, tmdet' the pr.t?sent sys t em, a dead loss to uie
wm'ltl all the time. 'l'hese people ,nevcf produce anything worth mentioning above a miserable suhsistPnee.
while the l'idiculous ~xpense of emlless road-bnilrling.
nlail-cnnytng. s'cho'ols, churches, tax - coll<><'ting. and
teaming, Jlllts. the whole Q,U~ineSS Oil the debit side of
lh~ national !~gel'.
TlH? root of 01e popular 1mperstition that the country
the g~iner by the opening np of worthless lands to
,·al'6able people li<es · Ill- the al~ nrd Malthusian iheory
11'>
' hat th<el~ is-a glut 'Of POllUiati~m .and a paucit.,v of .land.
.\S a inaner ot fact the good land rof California could
-'lll\!)Oi't
tlH~
POI)\Ilation of the tln~ted States- leaving all
open for homestea'<liing ag!lm-. If th<e
1ll~ oll\el' stat>es.
.~
33
B y
~t.
S y d n e y
H i l l yard ·
good lands won.ld support America. why farm tbe bad
lands? Kropotldn showetl that England cbuld easily
live, and comfortably"' in t:11.e counti'es or Devon and
Kent. Why - then firm the rough, poverty- stricken
woods of Yorkshire?
There is a
slight immigration
into Belgium, the most densely populated co!lntry in the
world; why then should men emigrate away from some
American states that have no population at all worth
mentioning?
The ~ne-time emigration from Germany
has stopped And a return flow has set in back to Gerinany's most well-populated ~egions. Ireland had once
·a population of eight million and an abundance of land.
Now Ireland bas· a populati6n of four million and a
shortage of Iarid.
Has Ireland shrunk in area?
Or <!o
we dare to take a peep at the Irish system of r.ent?
Emigration has denuded some of the most fertile regions of Asia gf- men so that 'there is no one there
now at all; as for instance the valleys of the Tigris.
The !lescendants ·of these immigrants are now Jiving in
rough hilis and wastes, while the fe'r tile ·loam of the
,·all ey .is occupied ·by hyenas. Never once has emigration been caused by lacl{ of land or by density of population, but only l.Jy rent, and ~y the accompanying Jaws
w h i ch force weak races i nto seryitude and strong ones
into the wilderness.
There are areas of t h e earth's surface whereon i~
is almost eternal spring. \ V'by should we not live there?
Southern Ca·lifornia -could S.Uilport a hundred million
·people. There are a hundred mi llion people on earth
who would be glad to go there. What is it that keep!!
th em away? Why is it that scores of fami lies have
emigrated from California to Canada, Arizona, T exa s,
and even to South Amer ica? These bundrE(d - million
who woul!l gladl y crme to .California at: least in the
winter are now earnmg a mtserabfe dole m a hundre:d
wretched climalll.s: Southern Calitornia cou ld make
their lives ri t h and joyous, but they are m et at the gates
of Califoi·nia with 'the ' ancient chains and welcome them
with offers of lifelong servitude. What do we ask of
those of our hr'o thers who would come to dwell in a
land of warm breezes, of orange grove:;, of surf-l.Jathing
at Christml\s. and rose gardens. and roses for the picking? " 'hat do we inscribe on our welcome arch? In
faith we offer what Egypt and Babylon offered:we offer
the. terms of Macedonia and Rome, we offer that which
is now crushing out t
heart of 1reland and India.
Rent, one-third of the cr ; purchase price, a thousand
dollars an acre; monstrou tram.portation charge; irri gal ion robberies; low and insecure price for produce,
extortionate living cost; m
age, interest, rent; rent.
taxes, and robbery; .this is
tale that is told of Cali· _
fornia, a~d t~is· it is that bars the way between~
m en and fertile lands.
·
Tb1s 'ivasteful dissipation of mankind. over wide inim. pitable lanu - wben fertUe piains
cot -onehundred b occupied is the work of a murderous rent.
Malt.tms attributes it to the hand of God, wbo, says
.M:aJthus, having CJ1eated -roo many souls. ·and desiring ,
the
m
--
�The Western Comr"ade
W kill lOme of tbem on tbb aeeoant,. proceeds to furDfB tbe roo mauy souls wJtb too Httle Janel to the end
that tile Jaodfeft lliOUis must perfoTce die for want of
~fng to eat. Tlw wor~ «?f Maltbus sto_p short of
espJalnlug by thl~ God of hi~ sbouJd be so long on
100.. and 110 11hort on land. One cot1ld abnost wish .
that tbe God or Malthus had had fewer men and more
acre~. Maltbue was 1lne brew tor the knights of the
nin teenth eentury, who wanted an apology for their
poorhouse•. Jie began to be smaller beer by the time
Marx and Henry George were through with him, and
now today where Malthus would say God or Nature is
the cause of this or that hideous atrocity, or the deV opJiog of this fair land and the crowding of the other
Into wnem ntiJ, w say "True enough. Brother Malthus,
but lo8tead ot calling It God c~a1 it Ren.t!"
Jt Ill nut 1Pcau~>e of God bu because · of Rent that
any farmer Is plowing rocks I stead of "loam. But for
blm- R>nt- ev ry Carmer In America sho"uld be within
r •ad1 or town- and such towns as he w_ould be in reach
ot wo do not dream of yet! But for ReBt, which whips
him away Jnl o the I!Olitudes, every farmer should have
Lh tolor,Jwuo, tho •I ctrl c ligh t, the boulevard . the colleg , tlHJ library, Lhe opera, and the great city store. •
Tlirrw 11hould uo In his hand, for th e city should be his
juHt till tho cou utry should belong also to the city clerk.
I t Is Jl(lHl whlc:h puts a million men inlo a city slum
rwd ~r·a tlt' r·~ unolher mi llion among th e "tall timbers.
SO?
Namre and natu:ra1. !1'-et.bod l'"ould place the two m
in a city hi~
a farm, or in other
rd
farm which was a city, while the work which n~ ·
be done on the vast wheat fields would be done. by
those from · these centers of humanity and. life ~o
went tbere. to tbe outlying fields, not to live, to
tate, to sla\•e, and to ·di~ but to do their ~k ~ re-
was
turn. Nature made man gregariou~.
altbu V.' ould
make him so solitary ~at he become
boor, or o
crowded that he becomes a beast. Natural law would
olfer man evecything that is contained in life; the ultimate of Malthus denies_him everything but death. The
bands of (;()d over:flow with milk and honey to b ta.ken
by whomsoever will, and the whomsoever that take
both the honey and the milk is Rent. Whether it b
the tribute of the railroad, the factory, the mine, or th
city block, it- is all Rent, and it is for whomsoever will.
The laborer will not, therefore the owner does. Th.e
land flows. the waters burst their banks, but t ile thirsty
laborer refuses to drin~. Laws are on•mir statute books .
today in this America whic~ command the buruirig of
blasphemous books. Then by· all means let us obey
them and burn Malthus in the streets of Berkel y. The
university d~fends our · arch-enemy, Rent, and lame' ·
God· for poverty. If the workingman ~ ·auld ·but take o
land he would change the professors of the great
Malthusian Nonsense into professors of life and happi ness, for he himself would come into his heritage.
If the crook dug would the graft probe?
ll, .lim, I Haw a drunken cucumber the other day.
lllh ?
R,
If Morgan refused you credit would the steel trust?
a ot(!runlt n cucumb r.
I ow Wt\S tbnt?
11 II dl
The coffinette wlll be the next Innovation In these
days of rising prices and decreasing size of purchases.
OUR LANGUAGE
xtremes to which trusti-
11
b
.....
the next thing," de-
n' .
'
t ' t' by moonlight instead," rebit r whiMJ fluff loomed through
I
NOT AS OF OLD
rry old
oul,
he; ·
bowl,
" nd b ~ •ruled for bh~ fiddl rn three1'\lt. th\' Firnt Yi lin
l~'lll~ t ntl:'l'1'i~· in
nd d""'ll\~ tht\t tlu.' union had dl'1"ided uron
1\mr m\lsi itm,· f(lr th..- ro~l ntertaiumenl. Hard ~a~
1\~r n ~ lt~\ lh
..
Oh, the copper _on the beat is no coin,
And his star doesn't shine from--aloft ;
His billy never says a single word,
He doesn't pinch his job, though ·its soft;
He pounds his beat ll:ll day and never hurts,
His round is often s quar.e, so they say; ·
Think these things are funny? Never mind!
Its our way of talking; ju;;t our way!
WEIGHING IN
As they passed a street scale one day a "·ag handed
this t~English friend: .
"To find out how heaoy you are ge a l\'eigh ~ ·•
The ,·ictim couldn't see the joke, though his friend
was hugely amused. Howe,·er, thinking that it must
have been a good joke because of his friend's amuse·
ment be thought to tri. it on an acquaintanl'e. He said:
y. old top, if sou ·v.-ant to fiod out Jww much
you .-ei . all you half«.> lO do i to move ot"er."
"
�/
T h e W est e r n [: om r 11 d e·
MODERN EDUCATION
Mother, what's domestic science?
Teachin' your dad to clean h1s shoes before he comes
in the house.
-
I~
35
The Good Old Days
'
~
AVE you ever lived in a log or an adobe
house Y If not, .perh~ps you hav.e h.eard par- '
MATTER OF ~ONGS
·
ents or grandparents tell of the tune wh~ · \ ·
A suburban parson was carilng on a new resident of
they lived in one: The good old days· of
his parish.
"And what is your religion, might I ask?"
4rank, cordial, ~hole7souled ·hospitality, whe~
"Oh, we are Baptists," replied the object or his sogenuine neighborly r.egard still ·existed; the Q.ays
Jlcitation.
when the old-fashioned · firepla.ce, with its great,
"Why, how lovely," enthusiastically exclaimed the
roaring, crackling fire flashed out (!heerful welpastor. "We have a Baptist lady in our choir so you'll
be perfectly at home with us."
come, while the guest still stood upon the threshold; good old days they were, of simple, homely
ALL WELL AT HOME
joys and pleasure!! ; suited to men and women of
A young woman recently had a letter from her stnall
simple
tastes.
brother at home. Here is what the youngster. wrote: ·
.
I
Travel where you may, converse with .whom
"We are all well , except mamma fell and broke a
kidney. Tommy is just getting over pneumonia, Sammy
you will and all will say who lived through them,
has whooping cough and papa has a broken leg."
that they were the brightest, happiest' days in. life.
,;~; . Life under such .conditions necessary to hap- ·\
WHAT SINGLE TAX IS
piness 1 Oh, no-but insistence upon t he r eal and \____
Sallie-What's this Single Tax idea anyway?
the genuine in life is · necessat~ to happmess,
Tillie-Oh, it's that law they 're trying i.o get passed
whethez: the life be spent iil a ·cabi or a mansitm.
taxing bachelors.
It was because the emphasis 1 as placed here
THE OLD AND THE NEW
in the pioneer days that to those who lived in
hear th ey have added a gnu to the zoo.
them they still remain the happiest known. It ·
YeR. an old one.
.
'
'
is alf a matter of emphasis. Wherever lived, oll
PERFECTLY NATURAL
life must be happy when the emphasis is placed
In th ese day:> when so many things are automatic
on realit;r.
·
"-it is not s trange that we should also have the auto c raze.
Some d3¥- our humanity will again learn true .·
values. For the great mass of humanity present · ·
IT'S N~ A JOB; IT'S A CINCH!
social
and industrial conditions force the emphaStrange that they should be called pork packers
so
largely
upon the bread and butter problem
sis
when their sole occupation seems to be packing vaults!
that all proper sense of proportion is lost.
·
RANK CONS.E RVATIVE'
Just dut yonder, only a little wa:y ahead in
"No, I never did be lieve in this woman suffrage ·
the fq_ture, that stage in the evolution of society
business," he remarked a s his wife concluded ten hours
ca-l1ed Socialism will be reached. When it comes,
over the wash tub.
it will' be •a day of adjustment. Reality, sincere
and g~nuin e, will succeed artificiality, hollow and
NOT UP TO HIM
insincere in 'all human reiations. ~Then ca-;r hu- .
"I should worry," Rockef
r mused as the- people
cheerfully came through with an e_xtra million for oil.
rp.anity be truly human, and freed from the strugg'e for bread, place the emphasis wher e it rightGREA:r DAYS, THESE
fully
beiongs on living realiti es that make for
Yes, sir, we are progressing these days. You can't
spiritual
e largement in the life both of th.e mwin the blacksmith vote any/ .more by talking about
~ dividual an
society.
Valley Forge.
a
~~
· T h e· W .e s t e I n C o m
Vol.. I.
I
a-d e ·
.....43
No. 1.
April, 1913.
Published Monthly by ·
The Cit'izen Publishing Co.
203" New· High Street·, P . 0. Box 135 ?
Los Angeles, Cal.
Subscription Price One Dollar a Year
Chester M. Wright.
Associate Editors
Eleanor W entworth
Emanuel Julius
Mila Tupper Maynard
Rob Wagner
Fred C; Wheeler
Editorial Writer.
R. . A. Maynard
~
...
..
..•...J
·:.,y ·'
�,'
}
. ·4,~ · ·
, · · ~Y-
>~';,'
~-~~.~~. • ""~·
:.
~ ~ '"; ~:-~.· -~
==··=-==::!t:=====:==:=:;=~:::;;~==:;--s
Jl A
•. ..
r
· ;
·"
1'-·' · ~So~ialists Of. the We~, tht: ·Business Ma~er ····- 1
1s going to talk -to you on this page_, After ydtt
have gone all through the pages·before this· ..foF ·
you see this talk has .been.tucked .away .on the
very last page·, you really_ought to' be .in. a·mood
to lisfe~ to this very necessary bit of intormation.
- This magazine is the result of some mighty hard work. Many people have .
put the best efforts of their lives into its pages. . And each succeeding num. ber will be better than this Q_ne. There are soll1e wonderful things in store:
-
-But, .no matter how g~>Od this magazine may be made, it must have circulation. Every one who reads this is interested enotigh in this magazine ta want
to see it grow and become a great, powerful fighting machine.
-So, because we know this magazine is worth the heartiest support that can
be given we ask every Socialist to AT ONCE send in at .least ·his own 'Su]?scription for a full year-and the subscriptions of as many others as can be obtained! What you do will be your answer to our question: "How much qo
you want The Western Comrade?" There's a coupon ~t the bottom .of this
page for your.use.
--As a special indtt'eement we are going to add here something about two great
working cl~ss papers published in Los Angeles.- If you send ONE DOLLAR
for The Western Comrade y.ou may have botb of these newspapefs for ANOTl;tER DOLLAR-the price being cut exactly in half for you on this· occasion. NOW, DOESN'T THAT ROUSE YOU?
-These papers are The California Social-Democrat and The Los Angeles Citizen-America's best So~ialist and Labor weeklies. .This · offer M E A N S
SOMETHING to Socialists who· know ~od .Socialist literature-literature of
the constructive, clean-fighting kin<t~TBE.KIND THAT MAKES SOCIALISTS! Use this coupon right now!
Q
\
-..
.
Citizen Publishing Company, Box 135, ·Los Angeles.
Get ~Y n;~e on your subscription list I MEDIATELY for THE WESTE¥ COMRADE. Six months, 60 ceD:ts; one ear, orie dollar! The SocialDemocrat and The Citizen, both one year, one ollar. I enclose$ .. . . . .. : · ~ . .
'or ooyou want ·only the magazine, cross out the names of the
'·
· NAME
s,-REET
. STATE
1liTY"
. . ..., ..
,.
~-
....... "' .....
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:
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Western Comrade, 1913-04
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Cooperative societies -- United States -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-04
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .W47
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-WesternComrade_v01n01_191304
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-07-17
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n01
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
34 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
California
Los Angeles County
Los Angeles
Llano
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Western Comrade
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/115e586923147ad7368734585138215f.pdf
23bbfc298bcc56c85b8903f0904a6a32
PDF Text
Text
EXTRA! -~ -_
===========7====· ~
·EX.TRI!
'J
Vd. .t -No.48
''
Department Store
E!
Attend monster
Mas ~ Meet_ing
�~TIWSOF
ttslfRH NEW
au~H-Mho!
a
otrlkc; tbC'II came the U.
S. l.it:ht 4 n.,.t eo·... f'mployHo ' ! trike other ot~ru aad w it h one
eDdiug ...itb a •uceeu abo. Then ca.IIWI all tl•e a~sna • e re lakeo
.
•'"""'I••
t~ alumnmm potme~a' atrikf', aod ""
Get &ftc r tbilo png of ,..,..
Satu rday tb(' ~iagara ,.:Jectric Chemical I f " '" c.ao keep t he wnrki ugtnco ll'om
were (otc..d to d"""' T hb oe:rt ~l:n·e
, the r<'gimcn ta will be compotiMI
~I billed f orimpronldunditioruare ofolfitcnool."'.forou rcly nooaeeould
~.~:~..,·~~~<l~~~~~:k,•11 :1~:u:~~~n.u:~~-: ;:':!u:'on~·o;;in~~; ;;;1;~..·::~1
h Mpood up tolou..'\1 _fortUII<'I 111 t boe
peo:w: or thf' ..-or_llaug _d••~ ~~~~ b:..-~
a •ourcf' of I''~ I.._,,,.~,,~ u>;ur;r to
bf!e11
.
~~~~:;' ; ..~..-~~:·::iit~:":r '::•:·1~::::;:
::;
clau
.
BRINGING UP FATHER
U ·
__
.
~rimf'.
,.,,.11;ty
a~~,<!
an<~
diMIIM', lltld
his • 'Vrk, 1111<1
tha~
:~:o':.Dd11 ;,.:r:. OWII ~per
i
1111
.
m11n i• t h
~~~h~:··~..:";,.~~;o:: ::~;:e~rl::~::;:,:: I ;.~~:~.::: ::a::.:hto ~~:.tur:~;; ~~~
that the attitude of the pollee eialitt JlRHY, but of the n tire
outrage 0.11 t ile rigbtt of human· ~lan of But!'a.lo.
~ti~·~ 11a:'!: we
pri11t llto iuforma tio11 u
~POLIC?E ~BU'l'ALITY.
Wt will
wool&..~
UN ~oof of
~~~~bM,. hOa~\ Co!lillt
Who 01.vo Ontan \0 PoUee \0 Br'eall: Sa'turda ; .,t ~:.:.~IlK',
A
c:~tt ~: ~tDS~~!::!,y b rutal
' 'The.
~;~~~t:;::~~:L~~i;::f~:::~~~ 11-~~:~~t:·~~~:.~~:;[:~~· =~·,,. ~:~~~i.?,~;g~;:g~~~;~~
nat unll~·
110
illform:U lon fT<>m au oye "Ill tie not oul1 t he organ of
~~~::,.:;:~rh:J~· ':::: •:::~~!~~-i nillp;:,.,,.:hc;~,olod~::,.~.~~:,:,~itl~:r Eb~:u!::r,·e
: ..
mot ill'
for tbe.JDt.on latioll&l Rail·
0111
bu
ol!lclU of
~"·~-~~~-··~·~I· !:"'"~·..'''
""1'1"'~" thlll hu~11uog me.u ily to a rt> 10 true to uature that they atr~t wcat 011 1trike. Juat what oe·
in fa•·or of tuneR~ WI.):'-'"• arc hiluioua.
currc.l a t th1t poiut ia a nt k no'WD to
~t!·ir";;~e;:.~.~~~-7~ ~:;,.~~~:~:~ l'~';r.,:":.i m:~.,C:~!$:h~ ~:~ ~~~;::· ;ud in ua.T he
JJatur.n~· mean ib~Meud olot· •l""r-t, .1..,, ....... iuue ~~-••· •"+~~':·~""''-,"'"'· '";;r;~~~f;~,;;;;JE~~~;s=~~;;:,::::.;;.;~j~~~-·~;:;~J:;:;;,:;j~~~;;;:;,;.;,ll-,
~:~::: ,::u•:·;~:~· ,:.l;;·if,::~:lro~~~~~ • :::.~!~-;:~ ~~~:~:w,.·~l~tn::.e~~
,.
·..nsti woul.l
0 , ..,_,.. ,J ul you hear 11t.out th~ f"'rk '''"'" him.
Some da y the J~eturC!I will~
1it,.. f \\"o•ll, thn>il ( oi~:ht~ ) no a m~ltn
of hrt h3·-~ ~"t t.,•f'n Jlt\'eo to th~ r i'y 1nd """ will thc o lt:oow tha t the <'I·
at all and a r••to alltiii<'DU ao.l purl"'"'' " l'"'~h-..1 baa I<BJ>J~D<'d.
otillllw ilo"-'''Jo."'flh•uouftl>rdunor
~'.~,::" ,: :·~::· ,::~~.·::~:.~. \~:· ~ SAPERSTONE
WINS
BET FOR
;;r~:::~-:~::b~;L:";"1i~:~~~.::·;.i's~~.,~7~
.\n•l•urh r•·r•utattooo nrc ~o:enc mlty
~ot onl~· lhf !lrrt co•t
Doe----.i tn;.-.:.Uq"'V
"BATTISTONI BROS. BOTTUNG WORKS
quor~ ~ Kl"'"~"'"·
il h ijl'h. t.ut 1t nmo•U> II tu quit<' n littl<>
.-\ r~w '"'·~·· 1.,110 tome o f the comto k...·p tlo.-n• "I' Our ltl<'al uhil>it of rad<'o W l'f <" talkiog o•·cr tb~ r«ent
thio "l'"'d,.. bft> di•eo\'<'I'C<I a molt a•l "'"''"' •·ar otnke a11•l S•J"'Ill\011 t h~
•·anr1~t on.-tho<l
Th l""'f'l•• nro• to 1 ,,.~- tnitor "'"" 011 t h~ u~lr. for Li• treht·
f or th,. UJ•k ...•J· ,.f tb~ plulanthro 1,k ~ m~nt or t l>" mot.,rmrn and roao\uctolll
nputatoon.
' "'ho ,.·rr~ furcL'<i to patrood~c bitn
0. d i•! ~·ou 11rt th~t ~uJ,~erihN! If through the c"m)•&uy.
1101, ,.· Ly nut!
i One'""" jakialll~· &lljl!;"ded that our
Lu~i n~•• manager obould oce S..pentoa
"' n!lar<i to ~d··~tti~h·~:· Juol then
the iutmotiono of t be worker• and t heir iutolenble i11 Dull'alo.
inatrur.tion• to h~a,J them oft' I
c.u;~ io.,in oii.,oo l
ri~~:ht hl\"11 thry to iuterfn e with
order!~· .:rou p of me a going
~trc.•t olf tu foue t hem back !
h<lNIU"<' thry wer~ a crowd of
wurkio~;m<'n tha t t be.~ couidrr
no ""l"'rtnneo an•l to treat
ola•·cot It i• a pr<'l t;r ""fe Let
policr.n>rn ........ a ll r•~·~'-"<1 i f
SI*W aUe11doo Jlno to pbooe orden ID4.JI"I'IIP' deltYery.
l~l.t.- .s,.
~l((tate
1
Ju dar" not :nlt: Sapu•ton for a111ld in =~~~~~~~~7~~~~~~~~~1
tbt" Buffalo Socialiot .
The OPiy GenaM n ewtpeper Ia the . ." oaWde of New York qty, npre.eenthlJ the i.atererot of lhe WorklnJ au.. - eGceaittor a -.oa.tbt.
' " ' · - · . . . . . hi• . ., " ' "' "" '·
~iaa:a rn
~ I'
woke
a ad
r~a!iz.ood
'
L., ...,..peakillg,bo wentul'lathe
t•n•.
N. r ." -T•·u mon•t" r a ir likr tho J'l'ilmlture <'lplosion o! 11
1,.1<1 Jut ,..,..,ka t 1-al of finnwor k._ He ~poka with
m,a..,. m.-.•t u•l!'• • rrt.'
CUT ·THIS
:~~~i-~ 1 ~~~~~..~;,::~~ :~··~~~;'~ :~~~~~ ,:; ;~~~g~:..."'":n ~::d:;.,.u::~e ~:;::u that
t be l'lnl'loy...,• of t h t;n itr•l ~'"'"" on l•i• way ha el< to 1be oOice to
Li~;ht •od ' llc:< till,l: ('ompout~·, nnol, 111 hio bet.
BUFFALO SHOE CO.
.
INCIDEN OF
THE onGIAN
OLL:
baa bf-tll doi ng murb j~ood work in thia
vidalty lately 1111tl St~pll~a J. :Ma·
of thfl IJutr~lo Sodali1t atalrt and
·
t he ib.it ial wnrk .,, 1 beg11 n for t ba
Oae IC~OUIII of t he
orpniu.tio11 or a machinilll' unioo aud g..,e aa i~ervlew with a ·
ho11~y
~~:~;.:lli::~niog
t he meeting w ...
1111d tbe
de~~>a•<l• wr~e take n u11der co.uidcra·
t!o11. A meeting wao a l110 held 011 ~[ 011•
d ay e nning 1 t Labor Hall on ••8 tt1
Btr~. lfr. lolahonc~· npruenl<'d Or·
ganiur So11 nel>f'nd, wbo wu" a~or on'
otlaei lmj>Ortant m1t1ero prrtai 11 iug to
the Mar hinittt ' Coioa.
The d""a 11d 1 ill brief art a• follow•:
That all mea diKharg~d duriag t he
teodayl previaUJ'O meetl,gbe t eill·
•
addrlll!~ b~ Mr. Ma hooey
~=-=~~,.~
1
: : : : : : :: :
·~::
',',;,;;;;;,; !S.>Ooohood
withdra onU. o! money from
ballio, " l~>diati11g t hat he,
other Ionia of tbe.
tieij>ated earlier 11.11d htavi.er
alt.
.
.
The 1h1lt:e bad thc11 bf!ell
about 1l.J: da~, &a d be
" that it 'wu Dl'idellt that
ha d uot reached the u d ot
IOurcet."
\'ou _-. tbeJ' ot tbe
atated.
figure It out t bat ! ro111 ab. da.y1
That the t11en demand t.h e ir right to w~~tlul ia about u loag u tho!
orpGiuo ~U>d he lons to uoiono without worker un' do without that
ibterfe~nrf',
tblllg ea.U.ed a j ob. Alld 'tbe
Tbu _.iena«'!! be take11 up bythop 1rw aboat eoi'Teo:l, too. Tlle~ il
eotnmiltecoe..
'
i llthlt~lr.er 'a u.yiogfortlle
Tbe ol,o\i,hmrnt ofpie<ework a lld l \0 JIOIIdar 01'01. Why ia It that
acal~ of
in roo formity to t he c011t who do all tho u.ef ul work, ·wha,
of t;•·•nll' t... oublt ituted.
1lttiog Idle with " folded antlJ" 0.11
~inr louur• a d:ay for 1\•·o darw and l lill the llldut"tri" of a uUo11, han
! our a~><! oa,...hlf bouu on Bat urd1y.
only laid by to «•te !.h eir a ethitiel
a~ent with the Wagner "Uaelli110
u~·:~:~':~ :~~~m~:::r:"::t~o,:'::;
~ ':.,:.na;;,n:n::e':,,:·:D~7 ~t"~: SELLING THE
••Rfl
ao;!""r:~::
•l•~lt:neSI
or
of work 1
red11r tioa oo the hou rw ohall t.. made
bttore <'ta;>loy..._.. ar~ t:a~ olf.
Seo-r11t~~~~ huudr..d mrn are emplored
at tile •bu]"- a>~d with t wo J:ood uoioo.a
ta back " I' the.e d~ad• the mu (1..11
oblab 1.-oJ"'o.-ed cull<lit iuno nd bt'tter
~7·
- -- -
!::n:e~~:::e ~:; r:~~,ea~::t
•••1
J~ ,J'. Enor, wl:o .-at J'rorniUut who 11'~ ·t ...
ll, aft«nooo ud e~ail:lll·
E:uor wiJJ ~~-~~ !11 p,.teu • G•inot tho
.. ~~~t of~ attllt:en who •~re
~ 'aiaiti.. ~.r r:eSir.
a ~~
of thalttU:e of tl;e
writ~rtiU'o111.ldoos to
t.utDe • orku1 at IJ6Ja :P.U. lalt fall. If that Ia ao- will
n,., ...W.J wiD be btl4 uder the ln11 them, bot we
~ llf t~~l l.
W. 'ff.
IDC,IIta.
.
reftrd
»•1
jail ao
ageot of Distl'tet :No 1!, IatemaUoul pohtlcaJ blghbladar1..
A-lation of llaelli11i1t., b nrelr
A cottullluee hu bel:,n delega ted
patllng)i!e inj_o thUI or(&llhaUoll. The deal with t lw) eoJDpaDJ'. ,,
~~t;:' e:rro;::~:u~":: :~~;::; ~"..-,: :::: ::~:·:t !~::!~:U.work.
~.:~,.'.-;::;~ :::~ ~,:'~10 :.h"; ':!: ~n~i!~.;y~lolt:
u p italid wuru, wiJJ 'I"'•It: 111 lloll'a lo
·
ua
·
t he •or1u of art) ADd w\at bu be·
~om1 of all t hat tha.t hae b('«<!!l
dueed Ia all tbeH r ean of toilf
loog could the banker aad hit
lea••e tht ir ott!ee. for a trip ,
without feelliiJ tht neee-itr
U..st.ad oat.lolljobt ADd
H r t the
tbat..-ould
~ :1. ~:U.o TO aon.u.o. -~~~ ~:~";.~~ri:i~
that
it
o~t,
ud
.. •
O~T QOOD FOR IIOo
CUT OUT THIS AD AICD BRINo-tt TO 'rHJ:
I
a re..ult, t •o •truhj: union• .,iJI he
:':!, ':;~.~~::::·~( ~~;t :.- ~~ ::r:.'.:~":;
,.
Offiu, 315-317 GcnaOo Suut, - - 1!uiWc>, N.Y.
t11 wbo111
_
''!:' ;,:"::.~":::.~~.":t:::: :::: AN
and • ubecrlbe f'or the
llrDetter•Eettung.
TWO BIG UNIONS ~:t~c:~~:~e~:;:·:~n 1:u~~:hl~i;r~~: ::=~ ::~k:;.:~~;·hnort~-::1~~- :.;:·,~~~~
ORCANUED AT
. NIAGARA FALLS :::..:··":u·~~:,:"'~;:::''.:,:n:..::
fiu.lt~-
I'.IC-.~t.ll.
'
•
·
~
CJTY HALL
'
,.;·,.~;,,:;::;;:;..
SEN.B C A A ND B LLICO'IT .&T&
��BUFFALO SOC1AUST PUBIJSHING <XlMPANY
. . . .Tnt HIU3l.JUt. .....,._.
I"RAHK I!HRENPRnw, · -
--...:.=~.~3odlloo.
W. P. C'B~Ai.o-:--N~~.
~Prb$1.00p«:r-,50c:llhmoctht,.pay..W. Jaad.-a
o4il!o>>
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-05-01 Extra
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Description
An account of the resource
Extra Edition
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-05-01
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n048_19130501extra
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n048
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Big Strike!
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/895a8db986fd2b445175b2c9d9c51e24.pdf
729414663db4adf5ac111516527ba2be
PDF Text
Text
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IIALSAT . . . .ST~ ·'
'nDI'IIIIMY TO
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BY THII WOIUtlNG a.ASS
IIATURDAY
flYE liiWND SOCIAUST
BOOMS .SOCIAUSM
AT EAST SIDE MEETING
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1912-10-05
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1912-10-05
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n018_19121005
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-11
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n018
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/804c0eaeb6d7c91f9282e18c7ae170cc.pdf
555d81e1d1dba1079f63d141b89e8656
PDF Text
Text
Giv..i as a '~Bonl!i';·to
Who SlaV,dor 59 Hours:--at Arduoua~Lab'6r.
A LtttJe Oleap._Candy
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Candidate for V ice · P r.,;id.ent &poses
H'u,;,bug and Pleads for W oriili.g Class
Unity Against the Masters of the Bread
.. .
,...,ed
IU:iiu1 l'O. 'i.,Sclpt.24.-WIIile tbe
upi t&I U.t DOW-Jl&pen
ei.itioJ t.be
prat..e. of """'l~t16e ..JDaD>lmtlll."
nd tile variou. ....t.e~~:~et ot ••weltaa''
.-ad 110~alkll t•eO:opera 1!11 11 betwee 11
lnelinocl to b<! me<f;il: uader tbel r
llena. So, It ...,
wo~ td be no need of JiVing
aay &dual mooef u a ~net
't•
Cert&l aly "pot!
81!11!1ley."
tbe worldog ..,~ ud tbe ~ .muten of • perleetly utJ.. taeti)Q'
dae bread, lied in~~ 'a worhl'i b ue bad Wbieb W raY dlvldet~~,
aaopportani tr to~ tll.lsetyloo t co-
auya flt onwaa~lll;.,.ea f
I
OJ~Uloll In I c. .tall flower a.U It « r·
8o tb e1 prol'l'ded' a .ubtUt11te.
talaly'malt:n a pltt11relor t ile god. tO !lover roeu tll& lbouuo d yean
weej> OVU
Ia.
Well, It
WU I
Be It bowa U.at ill :Medtoa th e ll~uly pr. nted ud
workP.t'. ar11 uplo1ted to a dogr" tl!.at reaa 1.1 toll owa
neat little
eouDte nlgo~
ol unu•u-:l eot1a m the lar rer uto-.
"Tiu1 C(l rtUieate ~o
ent•t ln
P o!t\'JI<nf bou n a week 11 the regu bi!IU'tr to twentyflv• t"'n ta' ia
tar difag In tile fura!IU I'fl IDdustry, ! aay ~onfMI 1 0!ItrY 1tore 1n
•bl~b
:;?·~~:.~I NICW'SP'AP'ERS
m.aln.~ta•
la tbe
of tb•• V1llage, II'Uiae.!lte<l oo or be!ore Augwt
IDd tlle a..-e raga WlgH for me n Ill IIII I
8 A COOl( .t
llelil u between ll.!i aud
J'f'r week
Jlut olou' t ~ut' loo.e' Wllb tb e
The e&.t of hv lnJf, 111 theM dau or enid JrUI!'a ... 1.,,
\\aot untu' you bear
~t orag .. an.J qolek UtMporiatl on If ]Ullt llt'qocrl On tb e ot her ~o.Je of the
•1)
abouttbe..,,., ,nar>!~oftln••IU! I "'t"e tbe..., "'•ll•" wor~a
11
r
~~ ~~~b:.:tr:~u
are foreed to "orl<
TO TJU; "D t:ALEfL
'~ houna w~"k In au arduooJ< oeeepoo
"\\'" htt<!b" aotlul n n~you t o
11011 h ke the man11fartuu of fora>ture, l tlli• ~.,r'II I'IUt<', of proJiflrly eoaa te r
1t 11 not 11u rjrlaon(l that maa} of them a1gned U lu f11e e •alue, aud "e
RTfl unaUie t o J•Ot I D tbe full tuue fiTl"T)' Hldeeru 11 l'l the r by ~i'M<IiDJ' yonr ac
wMk, ""· iD order to ... u r thi':DI on to I':OUIItWitbU ce ntaoru:c baaging lt
work th e f ull time, tcgardl~ bf their tb&t llnlO~ut of me r,.haa dlatt If retona ed
hea lth or tbflir "earlneu, th e . _ at t o 111• dgne.t by you, "" Or before Au .
oe of tile •loora bit Djooeau Idea. The «U•t 12, 19 12.
itlea ,..., to head otl' threatentd detl , A. (X)()K il 00. ''
maud• fo r hil!rll<' r -sN. by gi"illf!' t bto
You wi.ll olpprMia t e thla "ben you
men • "!H'Inua" of 10 per ce nt.. coadl· r,...UUI t bat o11e of tbl Jabot ·aklnn en
tiona ! upoa' the full "~.1< of lift bou n ,..110 <'o nt rolt the fur nitu re factory lilao
haYin g bee11 pot ln.
cootrot. .a ~.a 11 dy fMtoi'J'!
·l:ud rr tb ia new r ,..gime, the man who
T lu/ ar.....,~me!l t ia u.ld to btl afl wu <lrawiug t8 f or Ole week ef !ill J>f!elally beautilal one, beeau.e 1 peat
houn, wou ld-'"' ts.80. 1t "otked fl11e, ,.....,,.. of the. wnrken tJug1f' • " ay tbe
aa•l th wap-aiaTN, grittlnl!' tloelr <:OUJOOM in <lltpo t . An d 1>0, the glor·
tntll, woul d ttiel< oat the weary d.a,YI lou• "ark of "" lf~re IJO" 011 ; 10 our
fo r the ut ra 10 per eel!t. "boPua."
broad la 11.J u.J the tapitalllu eoa t iau..
S..O.iag how well,.jt -rkcd, the firm of 10 inna ll t.lo.- Ucligllt.lul "eftl.deney"
!:!.. 'A. Coo k ,t. co., t u rlll t are 1111 11 ufaetu•· aa d ~ · w• lfare '' ..,~....,. among th e
.,.1, d Mided tilat it weald be a lood J,o 11 J .. Ilfl'erlnJ •·let lma ot thei r greed,
.,..,J]
th.illlj: fo r tlt.er11 10 do alae. Sa", the "ltUit, tbe Clj>ilaliotie plljlfln pat th elll
., 1111 ,\oyn ,o f s. A. Cook 11: Coi'., appat ·!OR tbe bll!k aa ol tell tb em w"bat noble
' ~· . 'II'IIU 110 ~ tiHeatenlD~t:· Th ey were ! b.tae !ac ton~ of aotio ly they are !
---'---,
:
:
FINE MIXTURE Of
1
POLITICS AND RH.ICION
0 :h•l r
1
"
,.. 0
. 1~1< ~~~ ~:~·
.
bo!ber . ..P
~~~ d
~of
At at.ou t th e
the
u ona l lnu:l t 1g 11 t 1on o! tile
tbat broul( bt RLou t the
Jl flka, 11 -elfappolnt l~l
e••l• or th•t r• t • c1llli n~o:
'' Th e Corn ndtl e.o '' 0_, 11i. b~•kall
throug hout t be !a nti and · bad priu t NI
in e•·e n · t uh.e rTient •• l•ilaliet ab~t
that wo~ld pr h1t it, 1 bundle of ttate·
.
mom II, ;.hi ~ll, t or down r it;bt Jylug arul pr~~~eut at tbfl O}Jett al r
l"' '""'f'llon of ha lf tl'llth•, oev..r hd j at \Jaiu and Moha"k lftreoelll
ita Nfllll. It wa• pr inted under tbe l day ·eT..niD!f. . Come and briag
. ·
' 'What City Xe:rt ' "• 111\1 t olol frienda. Leu j~k t ht earner
ma11y mine preaeatati oaa tha t t"o tb011"1"l l>f!O I•Ie.
th e ttorrlble a gi t a l an aud Ignorant f or ·
~member tbto date, ne.llt
elg aen bad bro ught upon tbe "fai r evealatr.
llama of o ur eity.' O<et tblll f "Fair
Ttoe place, ~ain an <l llolla"k
111111e '' of I.Aw reDce, Y.a-.! Of re01 rw,
Tbe prind j,.l ·~aker, ·JoUua,
t here "a• • J>apt:r in Rul!alo !kat ,..., boJ'I!-.
•
bil(ot ed aaU baN ~noagh .t o pri.Dt it.
At tbe lllllfl lime t b11 art~ele wu
being ~ir r.ulat .. d a d ):namlte '' 1>11nt :·
":u b.ttnJ pul~ . oil" 1n t he ull! e I~ Jt ~
I
INIAGARA FALLS •
e tty ~~ fiOIDe e1t ouuo, a~ d cnll of Lta
<'~·oftie~ lo .,.a, t~Uj;bt with tb~ jj:OOtb
a nd •!"'"' a aomuoal l'ln• . ( \\bat "
bUIIiflar ""' muot bave 1,....11 to ~~~
.,a~1bt ... be n tbe . po,..e r• t h:at be wer<'
e•·odeotly In 1ym~tby witb bia•l We i
ENJOVRI
_I' A
J,lll\J
Of
__
~~:;:•, :;~::.., ;;,,~b~ic::~~'::e':: ;;::;~;o~l:" ~~:./~~~~~~~!'v ~~: ~~:~
1:
l,'itiUn • Jivi u11 on South A 1·enue bavc
.: rat·admiai" trat iOt;l guaraoteNI poor mll · lillie new• Jteno get ,.bro-<1.) J udgiag bee u rud t•!y a11· a kcued to the !act ' .Ju•·
neet em l•lo;rn>f' nt, •I'd other 'gema'' of fro rn onto ide •J•peanon~.,. tbil drtnou 1 iu~; t h~
w~~k tha t til" o.dmi11ia ua ·
I'"•'
I
Dav 'l'llanot u ~~~ muro.ll'r~·l 111 1 bduro I! oil ! trust
ho ~out1 nueo!
"If \ ou ~~~ to
to
tbe "'u~ u n t 11f!Y,..0011 ., r• olrosd rtl to !'"'' 11 ' " th~ bou.,. ,.. , ,~ or to n c omall ,,,.,.l~r
auaou u« mcnt prouted on the lae ke) o of th e ma~tcro tb o"\ w 1H "bo lou•• f rum a tru • t o r th• •mall touou
ObN n<'r of Srj•t Hth that htar from th e wor ko ,. of Uulfalc 1n
who l(o'b h•~ "'" 1n ''' ro ~l
!1 OJl JM»>'•I t n ,relLjiL OII •• 1n no u~rt aon t~rm o
frun1 M •n1ot '"u "'Ill flhd th~u• all
of fr~ kHe and •• OJ•J'05...! t o
W ollam ~ l)u tl'• wu >n!ra tu~ N "' 1 Lit. rh !. ""u'" '"~ tbr l rn • t
lim 11< •
tb~ LU t e rut t o tb t work u•,: d uR , eqao.l l h<' chll lflll"" of •h ~ , "'""~ afh r 11 In t it• lrLI•t m o ~ " •t ~ lu L uk h•"'
OI•JH'I t lnnollu an d rourt ea1 b., auoro.l<'•l .OII j: h.!hl 1...., 11 rolll¥tr.tl• th~ ,..rl><" o "hl\l !,. tb"' ~" t>l th, tru •t ao.L '""
both fJ>e~~ l< ~ rJ.
t rr Mn~ ~tm•reh o r . , .,unr •d~ llutly • kil I " 'Lll fin.\ hun ~n thLL>~R~t:··•llv fur u .
I
I
I"''"'"''•
:: ;~,..:11~~' 1 tl,t~~: f ully •liu~tetl t he :Htifi~"~ of oh .,. .,\11 ~~~·::,.,~·:~~~~:~ 1 ::::,:"'1',1111 1 "1 ~ 1 "~,:: ;•~·.~
Evl"uin~: Oh... n ·e r not : 1"' ' 11 r 8 w~L<·h ~"' ·!.~•~ruo!<l pu~rl.•· fur f ..·o rkin,; da"" o 11 th.-· ,,.,,.~.. .,f thca 1 ~
~,'J:h::i:f ~ho~~:~uea
·
1
in th t
than S..pt.
~2•1
or u
"""" •• l
"<>l r ·•·ato bo~~ 1'"'1'~~~,. •.
nnd
~~~" 1
''" 1'"'' to 1:<'1
e•·~n·OO·h·
' "' th•
'"""!.·
uf fl 11 ·m
,.;,~.:. "~~~·~.~~ ~~;, -~::~:~~I §~~;I~:l~:~:~::~~~:;~ ;,:.;.:g;;~~:~~.~;~~]:f.~g~:.::~: I~:.<~~:;fEy;~7..fj~:;~;~~~I~ ::~:!;:~::;;:~~~: .:;, ::-~:~.:~:::! ;:~~·:·;!.~~i~. ;~:.::~:.:~~~~:~~~ I:::".:"::;::·~~~:~:= '""'""
\'l'f imer , Jtromillent ll.a101u, at l.b e t o r· ";"". ~ nd r.hil•l reu 1111<1 ag":' ,,. , ~ 1111 , ly t ou~hiog tb e IUb~ t a nd hold ing ap ko o"" to th <' Sod11l fla. Th~ fioi•bi lllt' agrre to pa~· !!!. f~n t« ... Jmillaur t• 10 h:••··· !' '".'·~ 1.ba t
oer•tone layhojt of All 8a iato (..'at bol k t oo,I~VIIII fiDm l>i<'l of t.be hLgh , t~ll•rd t he ir d,.. u (f) baa.J • ; 11 ho rr Gt at t he tmoeb " wo•re w•ldeol ou w... I~...J ayauol ,.,;d lec tor~: thRt tbe 1''""''"'1 ~ 1~ tlo· lf Uo t• ,h) •Otnlll~
~ ~~y
""c-..o
a."'
.,;itb
Tbt•_ "l"''''' h tnl '"1'1~11·
for l t;ra nLJ. J! ~ r·· "'" • faw :
''1: 0 "'1
~" 1 11 .
,..,,h <' PL ·
~~~~~:::.:.~:~:;;::~:.:?::~~: ;:~:::::~~::~:;~~~::~::. ·:~: ::.;:~:::·;~;:::·.~::~t~:::!::: I;::::·::::~:.:::: ·%::::;~;:":.::~::::: ;::~:~.::::"~:::::.;:::.:;:;~~:::::::~ ;~::.:::£"::::~:,~;;~·;::.:::.:::;I;.~;::~:~:;:~::.~~;::~·::. ~:·,;·~:!::.:~
mo .. tbat tbf t r..,b lll(ll ot 1Loma11
C'at holiellm an d Free » a~ ary are JIOt
bat'lloaiou J.
.
1111Ti ag uo qua~;rel witb ettber hosti·
tutloa otber dula that tbelr repeat ed
uti ·Soei• l lot do.-tri11n bave plaetod
them ill the :'%J:lu of . ~•pl taliat
11,1endM, we aboa ld orollll&uly belleT!'
tb e motlu aetuallllg !lola ~ l pmt,.·
tio 10 ..,.11 aa boaetol ona ; bu.t t1te pro• ·
ity of &leetioa and t.lo e ueeeuity of
workhll elau "oleto m.a..I<H tbto moth·e
of titf!M lf.-.Je polllicl.aat too glar·
inrt.o J'O on11otil!ed. Wben pro f....,jon·
al poli tieia11' are pi'I!NDt apywb<'r<'
tbe rr. io 1ood rea~o a . It 11 for tb e .ole
pufjooN of utudiaiJ their pr~l actio11
good f~~ o ~.~~,_J*n•liaJI tlo~r .Titlll ·
a..t fh oldreu fa r womr.u w1U ecwunuf'
at ' l~ag ... eapitali1111 c:o nlluuea. It i1
laentable _u lool( aa lev#. of p ld in ·
ot mall, .domlutu. All
"-101111 Ia life are learued at peat U ·
pe-; a11d the . lc:wJOD of tbeae t h ee!
~ r eouad~dor~ that ~i t oal,. .u:v•·
l.oo~ e~11.11111 111 C<:'(Onomoe aod pclllleal
,olul,.rJI,J: u
a DU.'II.U of llrlngla(!
abolrt a ~ta l e of 111dety Ill , "b.ieb lo·
duttry ••II be ~1/<:l':tively O"!'ed 1 11 <1
111au,.a f_or th e
of a ll , l111 tea~
of tbe prit"atel,r awntd intitoti0111 fo r
tb e.JIO(>olof th e ,.,.., i1 no ueo~ptt_o11 . .
\\ould that"' eould l111tlllll'o tbe
harta and 111ia<I. ef me11 tbe ai!Uial t ;r
or. the eooopen.t h·e eommo••ealtb u
tile on ly bopt ef tile !"or k iu g ·cjqo!
ll~d ol love
:J'OOII
oeoi'II~ • Ltd- t i<"la ~;:a•m•a."
~)u.. ,' ~:~..:· ;~~. 1 ~~
' ;: ..
tb:~~
PRISON ADYANTACES
comit f or the • J>J"-'• ••n<'e of thio
~
roru i•h qaariet~ In tb e <l ual role of
dint> on<l believer•, while .Jeep ia
SnJ>e ri nteaol~ nl Seott
of tile New
tbti r h l'~ rl 8 IIOIIfil lliDg O!l ]y toet em pt Yor k ~tll<l J>rilello 11 .. IDIIOIIUeed a
fo r tbe ll'holejor!N'>IItdln;.,.
'
a e,..poliry f llr th e fut ure.beu;t"•:
fTDCtT
OINJo-1-
~~RIIlllii'J()RS
. Qll~·r:~l:~~ !~-:~',':;"'"" e..-ery
- WftUU\J
- - ·prbo n to __,,,.,..,,.-,,.,.,,;.,J.,w;;,,cJ
. :
·
THND D JOBS :~ •.:~.:·u::.
, ...,
tbt
troable aad will
.
that prin t ed t be '' r nmmittee'' ~reed!
Any fai rneu ahOW!I 10 th e at r ikera ' •i•le
of the Qllutionl No! Th ty a r e wotk ·
e n~, and JO ar e ,.. 011 Ji.y oaly of beiag
•~•· iled, ID<I .,, .,1 fa •·orabte to their
aide of 1111 queatlon b ca refull,r 1111 ,..
Jlteur.l. Some there are who woud • r
why tb e re ;1 111 unrnt in tbi • t OU!Itry.
Do yoo1 T lli•' ioddeut ooly tbo"l 1 ~
Hyi alj: need of our owu i*rl{J>reu ; 11
... bi eh we wotken ran let 0111 llde iJ,e.
fo re the Jlllhli ~.
----
•n••de of tb 1ide ... alk and ill lioe"i th
a row of U..aa t iful 1 1oa dcr tr- . Tb ia
liljht l ine IJ>e lttL ruin fer tbe tree~, u
will boo reuJi t d waa tbe n~ oa Nias ·
ara o.no l lither • lre.o t.. Tbe eop t utantl
wer e lilletl np •• f olio"•: fl..-e hi rtod
lael<ey• of tbe "•~·r.ikebr,..aker t:rpe,"
three datnonie., ot he rwi H known u
·
\lumen , tb t ci t ;o" 111 toroey a nd
e ngin e-e r, aa•l lira. M::ogee. ll[e<l
Ji l ted. by H>'e tal •ympa thi11!-n ,
n o"d of about t.,o buo•lred
if thev will • O R~t.
~UIItr~l~ ~ n tl m:u~a~·~ th" So~· •~ "' 1 tOIIJ<'n t WITh n f ew h~nd r~d~ or a , .. ,..
Boo it furthu ....oh·~·l th RI this ~hml Pa rt~ . IILo 1 1'1,..1 1 fo r • ~oll.to'\ < on t hou,...uob, tLe Sot-ialJit ole marHis tbo
lenJI~ he j)uhli•bed in !b•• Dn n ki rk Ob· b rnuJ!hl fl l O t o "'d• lt o th e funol.
whol e n il roa d.'
1er .. ~r, a n.J 1 tO( ' <' onait~.l t o th~ Sl!<'·
reta ry of tbe K t>il;h t J of Co ium t1111.
DU ~K1RK SOCULIST CL\f D,
GEO. A. W I LJ,JA).IS, (.'b airmau.
��.R•k ,.,
CapTors 1ct Crtam
pou a>lll ,...rtlllbtr tl}t
TI•oor
�....
~-~mr.
·-
PUIII..WUIP"........
BUFFALO SOCIALIST
.
~
yftTKa
l'tiBUsHiNG <X>MPANY
·,,5
PUTII'T •I ON
BUPPALO,N: Y.
=-~~=·
'twWr-. a 52 Y. e..p Stnd. Srd lloot
:=~v:~.
Blm'ALO, N.Y • .
. ii. . .J
·.·-.
uiii!OOOCI-e...,. ma$hlrJuar.6, 11112, at !.he pod'ofi!l9e"
Boft'alo, Ne..- Ylll'i, 11.Udfll"the Act of llucb S, une
' .Eo~
\. .
SATURDAY. SEP.TEMBER t8, 1912
ION.- "(OU ~1Tf1 "fOU.R. Pf\Ofl "(· :....
wiTH "CoUtt... C Lu "T:~H ON.lft4E
MttES~ITI:;,~ OF. L:'FE - -
you
FOR GOVERNOR · -
CHARLES EDW.
RU~L
FOR LIEUT. GOVERNOR
H A"VE GOT 'TO L~T ,:
1::_:0:_=-
""
GUSTAVE A. STREBEL
WHY A~E
WE
Ooo. Mr:.Ma'ERS . ,,... 'rHE •
. SOC.IALIST PirRTV 01" TH£ 1 •
·- UH,rtEP...STAT ·ES
-: • .
' TAKE' A Lo"Ot(\. r\T .TH i S. :ST,ROHC
R ~b H i A R.M l fwtP. . MONf"YSR.-U8 - ~
DO' "(O\l KN O~ ""HAl 1't Mi'liN$.1
t'T Mf"NS Tt:IA't - SoO 'NE·f\.· OR
lP1,- £.R.-"'(O U \Nt'Tti . i"O Uf\ -..t OI\1\UPf-
~·Ptb~I.OOf*~S!k:lhmoatbt..fY.Tuielaadvaot:•;
• •
1;,0 II At:(C:HT ..Cl'OMTHER£ AAI!:' OVC"
rt' CC.OADI ~ O
*
n;...,.-,
.SlY. ~St,r.t.:Wib.
BITTER ? .
~:~~-;~.j~ ' :~~~r:~~t~: hE:I;III~~:::i~~-:;:~~~;~R~~~:~:.:~~r):'.u'1~~~:! i~t~. :;~n;:~:
. Yt:!<, it is I rut·. \\'j• Sut·iu!isiK .\HE hitto·r iu our olcnunciation
of tho• rolol1<·t d!tS.~ . Why ~hould wo· l'fl inct word11 to ht> kind!~· awl
cour\t·ow; to tlu· •·:t ploitcrs whu ar,• ridiug on our ncckli. unl e!l>t. inde~d 1\'t• lo t: <.'fiWIIt'llii T lu ,w hnt X\\'t:CI 11nd rr~t•aly-!lloutlwd words
s4nll w.· <•X prcM our l1orrur of •·hild lnlocor. \\'liE:\ IT 1!-i OL'H C ITII~
DRJ:::\' \\'llU ARE IX TilE S\YEAT 81101'~ 1
lu what tl'.nder hm.;uug-l' sludl wo• •·oddlo• the rida ow uctll of
tlo•pllttllll'lll KlOrt:ll wJm.-ohtil~· ta k(• thdr Jl,OUhd nf t\~l\ ftOlU OUt
and uur dnughtcMi, olnviug tl~em tinHIIy iu t!CilJWrntiou to th <•
a11<l tltt' brothels. thnt tlu-y 1uny ··at e<·uu the brNtti of po<'t:l't)' !
Whitho·r ~>lint\ \\'(' Ho·t:k fo r the pl•wiol plmu;cs ol' prutt·,o;t when tl
\\'o ul•·ll 1'n1sl. wnllowing iu hlon<i'·IUOilt'~' . rohs ~~~ uf :' I X LOA\'ES 1
1""""' "' ._,,. "" "'" of """"'' 1""1" " "'" '"""'"''" of "''"
Hn.-1
/~~~~·;,t,'.~;:1r~(':·:,f 11;~:··~·.1~1s.« Stru)t~l••
"""'"'- 1IIi,~;,
will thill_fkht J,.. fought. lllld ,
.,.,~,
•• mi•9 whb blo
of "'" " 1 ."'''H ,,..,, ••, ,. '"d • driM dolgio' "• ·,,..,, •lmod
:;~~~;~:;~.:.·~~:~~;~,~ii:li;.~;·bo;_
;::
';;!::~ t;:~be 01";~~ t::~~n'::'~;.'; ~:ll~~:.,':::':i:;;
•<
:::;t
::::r~·:.~. ~~~t.~
~~~:.·~-..t':7ot';~ :~l.:::r.., c!~~~ !::~ ! ~. :.~·:,~~=:·.,;011~: 1!, :b:e.:--Ji~:; ::~. b::.;·'itanre::.·· :~reu~t':a~ ::.~~:~~~i:.:~·:; ~.:!' e:::.y~~l
:;:~or/l:,.~~·;:f I:JI~·.:·:~::;:'I~~~;;~u~t~ ; ,.~;~h:f,.t~li•j~,~~:~..::::~~ ;·:~~~-~~~:i~:;r't;h~~:~~ j i~nillf''d ;:• .the ·~•:1 ::::... vbetr1b&l i·~;·p~:~~·~~n~~-~o:;:~~~,~~ :~~~~~:~ ,...~~"'11 y::,:: f~rdjo;::
:~":~~:;1:~1°:1111 ;~~·-'.gll:\"'~:
~1:l~!~f~~~~l~~~!;:~1i!il~l~i~i=l~t~~'
11 ti 11 suft' !oct tint ! llwy wuu 1
fnr
rho·
\\'orkinj.;'
t 'Itt~~-"
~t·· :ol th•· ltchtullljl l!thf·lc<l. " Th,, \\orld
•
I
!;""'•.hn
lou..-...
th.t
ul t'& t b of tbt'
tbt' "'all.
lined
t..-~h·e "'•oo"'.•1·
t 'u m~~
Klt'.Dt~ta,
eo py. ••\\·by, repltt'd Ju11tlly, ''that •1arm1..- of
ill mu1tltuol"
1"'1"'' wbieb will ebow you bo..- 'Ueae lloriltlant ..-rller., aod it. mrri••'-
a
:;';';,:
Tho· E:o:p ro·ti.~ r('f•;~ IC> thu~,, lny1d SociKlist WOilll' ll who 1mt u~ ! :~. ~::~t•;,':,.n,.;:~~
·;~t~:~~ ~~':b~~~· :::~a:tH~f b;:tin~~~·er:e;o:!
tlw pln tform ttl thi"S.,t•lo-1 tl\Ct'lllll! n~ · · womt' n of tlw hoh\o•r sort. t t•lootpo\ • work<"r•, ..-ha n«tl ~tr.h•lll hr<"akfaat e••er~· mormng. ' Tbe eap- 1ln!IU11K Juamy fi•&OIIIII!L
You so••• thr!\' wt·r•• tht: wi\'I'S IUJol lltotlu•rN Kn<i NilltCI'!! of working. t ~~~~~~~~-~~~=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~· 1
:~~~:~t),!~gt~i~:. ~~j~~~:jj;·~~~ ~!~~m~·;~;;;·~;~,:~~~-:···=:·1~;t ';.:~~c k~~~~~~ 1~:\~~e~ I
~~!~; 1 of~~:~~~li~~t,mo':;:rrn~ 11 j.
·
rellth~ wht-u it ~c~··rihe~t t lu· 11j•h•wur.· fl\'~lllh! thuuCII who ~;cntl tho·ir l
extrcuwl•· \l('t·oll lltl' pieti1res in for publication ~~~ "Bull ~lo~(, ,
. ,
. .
..
. .. .
.
I
I
.;
l Th•t !be dutellu of er.pttahsm •l'lh llun· ~ 1\'ihUilou 1nd Jllllj:T<"M are 111·
eat cl"!!.
1nptu"' a 1r.r&:ely incre•-.1 uum!Jer of l P nd~d for on]~· !he hw- not the work·
CHILD LABOR ON THE INCREASE
t :;,;,::;:~,/b~.:~~·:u:t~:~~~;a~:"~~a:!: j in~:~::~· ....,
HELPING SOCIALISM
two
rea..,,,
tor tbe ia·
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Roos.•\'o·l t llto\'j,ml'nt will ho<'t' i11 itll H\'OI'I't"OI attempt Itt
Sot.·i~~~\ 1~8-~:~~:~ "''em~
ld Uti o•xomnh 11
" HOl)l<o \t'il
diKruptin~
~II\ th('!IP
1-.'001.\
folk nfH·r
II
<leal ,.f "fil!erm
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the , .;,uoo
rathl' r (Jll&inl Htul not wit hunt t'n terttl.i nmo:-n"'
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it ..-Ill rua UJI tl)
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leut
gr~-at
for the (>&Noll' poek-
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! l~lnfloan~ ..- 11 ~~:~ 1 I<> ..-ori 1upen
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thaa lh·lo; ger tba\ ..~ tbe
eiWd! Cklld lor.loer 1~
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f:r=::/ .::,
tom at '•ad...tnr.l di&r.
lb tbe
'lith Iouth olt\ pnrl u'll 11111 1 "ho hii\O'Il t filTH' tto hothO't \\lth rrnlnhatton ... tucat.ion, •ontbfal haJ'I",...,' r.aol e•en ~ate, tbrutpaang lb.e ver} burt of tfa- be pre-Tecated. Tlolt ~ r.a
fill 11 pollt!CJd ISSIH'
II ,-. ", 11 ,..., llllt the bu>UIH'MK ,)~nwnl "ho Cllll 't 1 hulth a•"\ to •hne1op 11110 lllr.abOO<I 1 nfthon a11<l on" ~oat •le111aadt 1111111ed c&mpr.lf~t IIIDI't -v1taJ tb.r.~t all
~~i!lo~~:~l' u:::~\',~~',t., ;:~1l"fr:~:::";:::·~~~~~~~:nPu~~~ssmtoT~~~;c8~:~:1 :\~= j ~~:t wo~~:oh~~~~:;:~~t,::"~:;:!t~; ' ~:1::;:ta~~t~a::t~~1o r:~kl .,~~::;
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WE A NATION OF FREE MEN?
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TI~~,~-~~~~ ;~:~~~',~,~.:t_"ullt~i tlu· ciUUJ•·f,,Jluw.~~ ~~r~he pro~l'tarillll army. tb~~:~~- :~~~~::~: ~~:t~:~~t':;t~~~_:::~ ~;::~;.~~~~~~~0;/;:;·~~,.~=; ;: ::;e~;:a:Ot!':;~~~b~:d n!::
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r-1
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~em
(, f till' workinl( o·]u>lli.
it!l !)!lSi!! of <.'O ht'SiOn ill t~ intelligent. d~ath "l"'a ah..-ery, ~ad u:...,uted it. dure it wit.b, He~~~~
\t:- meaat Ia
ia~hat
YOU
i;:ve ta &ell yeo~Mit .
~:;;~~~~~:~~::~];~::::.i~i;,~:£~~~~:.:i~:.;.:~!Jf·:E: ::: :::;::~~~:·:::::.~::J:;;:; :~.:;::·:~~::~.:~~;~:~:.:; :.::;~;: ~11;.:~:';~,:...
':::t o'f' J~·cna~. 11";-h':.;.'l~~~- ~-~:!~~~~lire
''81\'Ung'' loy
pdli~ :;~~·:a. no mllta I! a Ill tt . ·.a one ,::;•:; ;:e t=au'::: Q,"t::t. ~- ~~~~...., :.:!te B;::a~he ~;:;~, :r;:m
.,. M nwti nu. tile Sot•illlillt I'Nrf\· tiOC!<n't Wllit for tl~nutgoiJIL to "de- .Bnt J>ow about the mtr.a_• af u~lea~e and that ,._ n~ tlleta -.hrw, to~ you Hlf, you 11'ill ~w tlaa.t I be
• jlrh·.- .. il of ila umlt"tinthlt' m~mbt'MI. For example, lhere ill 'Villi.Am Wlt~ <>.ut ..-blrlt the •·rry ltfe of .~~~aa ,. t torna~ll taan~\ . ..-!'lt. All depend& a.r.epandlle'· lbt ltiey ·r.rr-oae·
every
~~tc~uJ!! ~:~~Polit~~: .~!;:;/::;::i~u r::r \.:;:~:i~~~~~ t~:e!'f.•!~~ ;!., ·~:"~..r:;r ·:;a 1;;:..1:h~~~; ~: :;; r:~e~~~=~,:;11~ ~ .z;::. :~ :'.!:~~~,!·~0: r;:•::
~~~~~i~:~·~,~;~~t~~o';;i:~ ;;:~o ~~~~~10~~ 1~o~~~ "~~i~~rt~! ;~~e:,~.-::g 1;~:: ~~:h 7:~~::: ~~~:~· r.a~~~~~~~=-~=t~.!:,.~ -;:~ ~';..~ ~~~~lag.
. ·
~tlli~ l~any, t~t'Y
Th::..
would !11· •·ounted ''nmon•, tbC.e to he ,•,.,·ung, ' '
~:! :U:d~el')'
01 "'1""
.
oof-you
011111
~·~· ~:::,"8 t!~~~•';~~~~~~otlad: ~~~ ,: · ;~:~;·~~;~!a''::'b
Dl•
whn 'lmo~ ao little al:,;t tho• r liiAA Mtrua:Je ._, to imagine
Jlow • re Yau lr!iag 1o t;et it r R:r ...-ltbo•t. Lei u• ~r t~ price. Tbe roo<!, eaougb to owa 111'1!•
that then! l:all lw. am· ~ib l~ hope of "'lh·atin u from lllll'- h all the " ' il<l you r labor. Certaialy, for labor alou~ prire it ~'011 -r.btijty !<'' jirodoee b,..d, who oiiJoPHH o!, ya11 at ..-ill
~i~~J~~..~krui;:Y:~~.~~~~.~:~t,~ 11tuoly
I{
.-'ml
1;0- .:r.-,.
a Jit.tle _morn hd~re they :;::~: b~~-~~o~B~~.~f b!:.~ t~:attoa~ ~;;'~~~~::;~ ,.u'i; 1111 f'1~"i':~i~~at:
MY that ir tho!' Root~en•ll IIJU\'o•ment riW. Ill or the ·~ dn it wath. Do :!OU ba~c tbetllf ai_ae, lei
_mare boara a .a.r r.ad l
~~:,n'~~~:~:?.''S:i~l\~~i~;e~l':,t1d t~~o\~r ~~~~R~'t~:·•:la~e~t~:~J~~~~~~;:~ ~;~ b;:.:~;;h:'~m~e~:!;m~0:ada:! ~~~
:~~~:.~b!;, Ia~~
.Dot
btl
gooi! euc:ap
~o;t
.-:.-~._,.~, ~·,.,..,:I
gi;;.ro;;;';d
;::,
e:n
tbat it will dD u;.; ll ~en·i· ·e of uu meau impoM ilrtct!. The Soda Hat Pany ~o!"J!O!lletl Ia . ..-..h 1t-yo". cr.~ do .a t~e ~nee of tb~
;au ~rpoa. yj!~ to llUke libq
· blUI rvr y..ari beeu doing it>< honest, lcrd hc~l to get rid of that clement. onl)· if t.lae other fo~Uow ..-111 I've yotr \t~a may
eall -.t f&Jf,. far tl Jll.teiiB uatteaee.
, .~
;t
•
;:n~.,!::·~ 1 •...~~· yoa
bt.!"i~ll· aad M)ledally
ta 1
- t buard-
~:r.n~b~fci! :Cfa:'~~~-:'Y :::'::~. ~~~ .:!'; 1otu..:..l<~:;•~:~::
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a Ia TNtll
\<Utfit IUtd nolhma: <Hll Stolp th"m
' n> ~ nt a 1 auo1 ph'fot<lll tlfi~ ><'n ~y It I lab 1h ~&o1 •1tftncl'l..,• babe• r.wr.1 r.piaat child labor of &IJ1 ilad, vadtr mr.ay J>4Ctllr~ of n:uaa.r
.
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\\, hll\o 11 t 11 oh.mlot 111 111, \IC>tl•l hut tlutt tht.~ t!inj.!'IIORI!I t ;t t t'r<
tl••t 1h" ble.. •a~o.-. of !Otb """ 1 fron t thetr home~ to t! tebool •od eut aay d r£ant.uaeN ar.d at all tua~
ploller~ ot the •mr.ller tn,
llf'llth <'OI'Tt'CI nnd "' eun t fi n,] u IIIIIJ.:II' 1~1-; to h11na: K te~f't 11~11 In
fr<t!J ••I'C't gcatlnae11 faultt•y
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\\'e iUII L'l! tel)
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coa•ent>noally 1\retMd Er.prt,- ..-a
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AR~
we turn itt
..-11;\te papt for t&e
I"'""""
, Yoo IM\
wonld 1111 ~ ballilo~
11
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tft Jll£e
'
Tun ..-e now 10 tb,. beralt! of llrht
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ia
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1912-09-28
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1912-09-28
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n017_19120928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-11
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n017
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/6e8a46ba4c34579daa6cb40c92a8c156.pdf
48a4a4ef4ef6e98a1565535f43f3a5b5
PDF Text
Text
PriuTwo~
STREBEL .
>C
:
HFAa JEW YORK
·Enthusiastic Coltventiori at Auburn Captures
Qiy. Convention _Largest in ·History of
·Marla-Entrance ·of SociaUsm as Fighting
-.
in State PoUtlcs.
·lAW USED:AS
.CLU~ AGAINST WORKERS
Judge Hazel Takes Law in ·Hls Own HaneL.
'\!ld PI!Il)shes Molders for Conleplpt of Court. ·No ·Indictment-or Jury Trial Necessary to Convict
Wo.rkingmen.
�Take The
• and ~to the
BIC Annual
.CRY.ST-t ·aE·AC.B
~-PICIJIC~6ottpbodp~S g,ing, .·b ttiUst tiJt ~rd /Jn gillt II'OIIIId
1/JIIIIitft will bt .
II.
•••
BIG
DOINGS.~. ·
B•stb•ll gimt, i(aces; Contests~ $p~J, (,f all
kinds for poung_.nd old
':"'7'-
The date I•'
Watch the Proletariat cut looM on .
SOCIAUST DAY AT JHE BEACH
The Address of.
WHAT IS ·sYNDICALISM?
the day will l?e delivered by_
�ON THE JOB
is ·be~ming u
b~ •• a ~bj:.e: thea da:ri
to mAke tbls papezt a
au~
tiM! b&t•
ll!'e ~ •
time in n n thi." p11per. Solhin~ n ·n AOp. tMfrom now oc. Hunle, h01tlt. e-w~t thf
at work, 11nd
1'1.
l th~· "'"'"''d " in
1
[m~•
yettn ago that we
nen~r
th~
ret:a lta • re
WPr~
~Weel#r
thaD
a_hnt\o!Jt unkn~wn. !n f~
knew tb11t n Soculllllt local eXI!It.MI 1n tbl!ll
large aign on the huiltling. ~d the adl.-lty ~r
e,·er_,. ph_ue or _the movement. t'hmgs ba,·e
wo~f'·
ty(l(:~·ritcr.r ni-e
clioking merrily, a.nd _ii i11 'Kith pride that
we look upon- t he efforts made hy lh(' boyR to •mprO\'•· not only the
paper, but 11lso t o inereluJe t he circulat ion. .
;
· .
It \dll be on!~· 11 sbort tilUe from uow. when we !ihllh bl! f:te1noz
the ~al iuue in ·t h i~ city. Tht> strou ger we j.!CI.
morr ,we ~ha ll
be ft ntsgouized hy our opJ>OIH'Jllt<. nml when t lmt tnne , eom~. Cl'ery
thing will d epend U J)()I~ t he u mu l~r or on~ reftCI,·rs. So IJo?Y-"· we
Atlk \'Otl t o keep 1mund m g HWM)" for dear h fo·, 1111d by t llc_tu ue ! he
fttll 'ca mpaign opens in_ !"'eltl .•'n rno-.<~. · w~h!l!' !'"'"•• " Cl':"ldat w n
'?"'
t!Jllt Will ll!l!list- lU! t O Will M \"ICt Ory 111 t h ts City lll II Short
GET IN LINE,
IIIII~.
T~ERE I
"" every loaf oi Brud you
ft~t::!
. s hops and
•. workinll' conditi''"'' .. I
WITH SUBSI
E ven thfi.. COJ!!I a.~ gett.ing in lin« ; n o t only
in Butralo. hut _in t h~ town!!: 1111d cities of Wesf·
~rn KeW Yo r k 11n<l l'~n D!i,\"1 \·an ia. Co mra d e
. A. Griswold trail!! in. 111! the ws y from
Pa .. w ith hi!l 'y~arly liub. "He's a cop .
isn 't his atltr thttl he looks a t ..,.hen he
with pride. " It "11 the little old r rd
mark!! him for 11 fi ghter in the work.
' ' ~l ark mr: up for th11t ne w
11lca .se find o.ne p lun k." !18:'" 8
O riawo ld .
t hink of it, bt-rt' ia a l'omra •lt> by t hl' n~me of tl en r~· :Iotan In . wbo
aub-,..r•l•. \"e,, and tht- ~~ fUHI of it;, t hn t bt- rl'<jUf!UI ai~
:lolanin muu buain~u. a nd w bt-n a t'<lmrao.le :uk• for more
, it
t h11 h t- ~if Jloini: h i.l duty-i.D -.Jt_i•r hi, ·abare of<1 . but"al.o (lro•·.-. t h11t b"" will kffJ• riJ:hl on at-llinjl' &Jl•l '•~llilig aatil
wbole d t;v it iloooii'OI wit h 1Ublotrib4';,,
ai ~
•ho••
�*'
~~Y*J',._
«<FPAI.O SOCIJW5T f'll!WOm'iG
'fi!!:A!'IY
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,
tuanlif . . . . . . ,...,_
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.
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. . . . . ~f<'d.,adtf-sf.#A.q l.(lbnir. S.tni #
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1912-07-06
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1912-07-06
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n005_19120706
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-11
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v01n005
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a92160d29cbc7666214db0da86b43f6b.pdf
c4485aa1c2adb9cad83b1a05358c7e16
PDF Text
Text
- A t e ) SQ6Ausr
oR
hu!ATI'II!WSSTANDS
. l 1VIDMiiDAy :ro
IA~Y
�Attention Baseball _Fans! .
To UniOn Men aDd Tbdr Friends:
Brooldyn Team
the Federal Lea rue Ill CIWilool b,
T • HERobertS;
Ward and. other.....,._
tllo I)Oil•uDlOII
cl
cl
Bread T r u at,
DOW
' to~ them.
flrht!ng <!>< orpDiaecl&akery :wcnirl and lrylnr
Down With the
non-union Bread Trust and
its advertising ~cmes I
.
. Rduae to become the ~dvcrtlslnr aandwkb map lor the non-u nlon
Bread Truat b, fall ing to attend the·FcdcftJ League cama wbco the
Brooklyn team playa in this city on May 28, n, 30; Aur. 3J; ~ J,
2,3; ~5, 6&Dd7.
.
. You will
tbcNbr
patlr aid the 8rbt of the cwpnlxd babq WOtbn
. arainst DOD-unioo CODditb:ls,
SOO'Pillrolmtn's .
•II HI14'£Ut..r
Work Shoe•
SlaM I '<lit, w14&1lD,Sud&K.
HeJu.lu .. Sb-:tot.trodt.bet-bMki)'OQ $2.11 tbe peir
' uo\UJOO.Ird. Mo&-bi&Cif
l!boddy 1IMd Ia t.be a:IU.•·•JI of
tbltBh•. ·.
==:.::....~Bon~':""'®:
....:..·'- "•'~··
Men'a,Boys'aodl.atkGcnts'Scocrt Sboa,
in bu«on or 1ac.r: 1 cob1, tan, black.
~btechW::~Ia~ Sola or Niarara
-
-
.
~
$1.50, $2.00 $2.50, $2.95, SUI
BUFFALo· SHOE 00.
SENECA AND ELLICOTT STREETS
MakenofSolidlat~Sboa.
tiOl>.. ''
"A r,.
.....
tiY'Io ·
/'
.~n a
al"" in t.~ o • of mor~
or workth up11
in.pe~ t it, n
,~ ·
••T bfl fe<le"'t ioa h s a lwa.•·•
••d b a • wuk!!dfn rth ~ t pu rr- . "
"DoQ tile fed ~ ra t ioo fa •·or th e· d i·
.et e lllf•loym eo t of " o rken by fed·
-.1, •tate or ri ly go H rumen!A I ' '
•• tt dot!l. "
· OpeaSatWday Nir"hbuatil 1000
6iving 'f~ur Busintss Evtl'f'
tbanct t~ 6rDw
The small r<tall &usinaa nceda
can ret, theae daya.
eva')'
ciw><e
H
Dori't- overlook the telephone order part cl your
bualnaa.
.
Bd1 .Servia opens an entrance to your ltorc
through whlch customers may
weather.
"i"'"
in any
·
~y keep this door
closed ?
Azc your door bdls. out of ordu ~
Use tbe d&a:ified ICCtion of ,t be Bdl
book and c:aU the repair man.
New York
Teleplione
I
·eo.
TdophoGc~
C.uoch & P...t~~o·-:
�.SHOUlD :MOTHERS_Bf. SOCIALISTS?
Eq~ of opj,onunlty - ~ wll! that aHect woman ?
.Will ~ be pold by future Soc:kty for bet work "J
Mclther? i'bls and other q~ answered ln a r<mark-
..
ible book, _enlltkd :
. "SOCIALISM AND MOTHERHOQP"
By JOHN SPARGO
One hundred and t hirty para, doth bound .and
just
off t he prcu.
" SOCIAUSM AND· MOTHERHOOD " i.s for salo at the headquarters
at sixty cents a copy 01 will be: sent postpaid upon receipt of price.
mcJidlltiS nyskll l\llllft _lltSIIIflll
Now Open 60
Nla~rara
Street.
Try oa r famotu Whole Whe.t Dread.
Good for Boy&,
{llrl• aod Oto1r.D·Uptl. T ry llfa &ure'a d iU to-day.
:JI1IrfH
Capl~rs
Alf)tate and subscribe f'or the
1c't Crtam
llr(Jetter•:&ttung..
,_
, •• •111 _ , . , tbt
T be!only Germao neWipaper In Ule nase ooU.We of New Ywk C\ty, repr.·
MDti.Dg th e loterMt of Cbe 'Norldor 01--. -IKI 01111t. 112 B moolhll.
fiADSWISS CHOCOLATES
Office. 315-31 7 Genesee Street - - Buffalo, N . Y. . . .
a repo rt ~hawing that )&rl{e aum ·
ber& "otouhje..t• hadbeoeD hJi od led and
tNI
.·;,;,;;:· :;·•.• ; -_ _. , - : ;- ·,,,,
: · ::":::·.o:·: ,,!':O ~:;;
,.: ., •• ;
__ ,__ ,~ -
elabora te f11.~h and fign r<'ll ~o ~npHed for
tbt UN! or pa rt y f'•li t o rs,•J>eaken, or·
gani ~e r~. e t~ .•
and that
''~''Y
ma ny in -
~;~~" n~:.:'l:l::,:.no~;:~:,g •;~i•·:~ I
mad o to exte nd t he KOpe and in tlu-1
makttlt l~==========:========:::!
th<'l moot enmplete burt'IIU de-.lin g with
avamMGa-C.Aa.t.1tllT
eoee of th e ole],. tllnea t and to
polit inl, eeonomie and oooc:i-.1 qu <'o t iolll
BUSINESSMEN WANT
"'·~·• .&v. ,...,_ TO TAKf CHARGE Of
PETER KLIPPEL
(U/,,
uNI0
BMl
ts.OO flU Value oa
Earth
,, •. ow..-u,w.•m•w_.;,_ , ._
__
. Th e ~tt.tional Committ ee al.o \'Oted
WARD'S PIE COIOOIR
N HAT 8
THE(j) I !:";/;/£NIIr_
f1l4
i n tb eworl;l.
""'"""" ·~· ~·· '
fo r ... t.oolo a all ot~et publie pro~t.a
.,..;u req11ire a hill'h tall rate for many
to eot>~e.
fet.J ibilityofJ•Ur e h1.$illl(tlbuilding ai le
in Chicago, forth pur,.oSe o_f e1 tt.lr
LEONARD
._. SISTI
· liahing a
.. ,J:..",C:. •;,;· •• :··::.:... ;:
iloclalla& Boob ILD.c! ~ul-.
.tJl bND4t of Cl.pl"' uc! Clpreue&.
CIIISI-m Cll l t1lf
n::.;m
t'~f. ~._!o~::I C::U ~ J::~~
B UNIONS, MOLES an4 O.&.LLOOSES.
tbe a r\miDi ot ration
ot you r
8Ut'?lll.O,-N.T.
he ~-:: ~~:.~~~:octir~ 1 :•o:
~~:.~!::~~~~.w~i
____...;.._:----1;!.:::.:'~:,"~~~~~~~:~, ~ned:=::
of partiup are 10i11g to u~oe you
bl!lp t hem wi11 U1a pri•llegu &lid
you wha t 7011 ban alwaya got.
r=========:;i
SPRING SUITS ao~ ;:~~~"!o:::: ~~e:·..~~;lr.~t
112.00
llnl etur_e
of dealing with cu r re nt e •·en~ at~<l cri-,
t~.,
atn~et
~·~:m;~.,we;~,.: ~!e~i::.~
..,:c-.:· -,-..: .-.-... ""::·'
;ail:~ ,, ::::.:·-::::';
...... ,..,•• ,,,=,,.
.
of IJ! erature, particu luly
qu a nt i.ti ~l
~Olllpany,
.. uway
both gu
p111iea, electri c llflbl compaD!J..&nd
will baa real beghuliag of rour
dpatieo.
·
'
Do 7octr e.u \htDJdac.
[ ---------- [ :-:;~~::;_=._---
· a n<! spealr.c ra ... ;n
~ furniah~d
to party
"'":.:~..:~· =.~,~·::---'~
Union Gas Bumei Go.
369 Ellicott Street
Olll<o
{WE SJ!LL VALUE)
Ho.a• ,..
"''"""
""~'-' ~·'"!"':,'; '1 ~;:~·••i;::: .~:-,·~'·;·"' ::·:~:.: .,_ ,__ .. ,~:..... :·::~:~~~:::~.~:~~~~: ;:~~~:o:~o·:: CEO. I sr.t~~~~~~;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;~
"'''""';"•.:··_o·_,
llone or
otll eeeMape theiraailltlyd"t elloe..
Th.,..., work er• of Bulfalo, are IIOISie "."""."""-' "Y ,"'.'".'
aN
•:.:.·
p•r·roll loolr.• ~~:ood to t hem,
ME N A N T E
Ill. . . ·-~~
attheprlceot
fle.d ·
.,.1111 IIIOre of thfl Colonel 'a flie.
:: :::.r;::.::::'"' ,, ...
Prioa 26 ceo&&. Sold e.er]'where.
RSLlABLE SPECIALTY OORP'N,
Q. A R
Na tional
lt wu \' Gtt!d to remand both ae&ll ill
tbia )"l'&r's lnl.,rllatinna! Congrese in
\' ien na, .-..u1tria, al ou ed t n Am erica, to
862 Broadway
: ·;:: ·_-, -, ; ·..--; .' :,, ·;";.; :c favor ".st ~&nJ! e of me m~nbiJ• urdt, Dltt ributor of th e \'le1or 6c Cigar
:.: · ..:::.•:· ·;:··,::.;·.".:; ~'-" _.,aod to •n•·• te the lnte rnn10 nal to meet rte Nle plain Cleu CllpJ>Ing. Made
io the U_llite•l Statea i n 1917. Euro- Bnlf~alu hy U11 \on Labor.
JH!n ll &,t,oa!iot. ... il!alaobefurnished
J'uroDizelJome'ffade,
not. ha•·e do ne tb ill .,.;th a
I Ol'ith da ta relating to labor con 11itiona
.l.l# fi',.,.,..,J,....t.
Qf.ll
J>e l'tn&II &Dl
quarte", a apedal aneuml'llll of 10
. ee11 t1 ,,,,. memb<P.r to be le•·i e<l during
Lltrht Groceries
preeiritated by Goveroor Hatfield of
We-t Virginia will be backed by th e
P- U f l
IWI. T -27U-J
=::i:~::,t':: 01d::'::~~:;•ll:e d.:~:~:~":
en aod Co lorad o autboritiu and J>ledg ·
ing aupport to the mioe ... (Bee tl?P of
eolomo. )
:h!~~~~5~nl~l:ie~:=~~~!:U,:;l"~~ 1-....;.;;.;..;_..,.;_,;,;,;.;.,;.,::.:;~:._-
ed to donate to a arecial "OIIe Day
Wage " l1.1nd to uocel the laJett-.l.oot the p&rty, atul ''8oclaliat Weelr.' '
will begio th e 6nt Suoday lu 8e}ote111·
which will be dnoted to lner -
wo are aellllll' ua all wool blue
.er.- aulla of be \elttnre, made
Gp llt all Uie De w t17le1. We
ruan..:~tee a 1inlog of $3.00 ~n
nery•• ll. ~"'"" at
e-tiiH~IIIIIIRalt .
• 111, f18.110 & f18.00
st ra -w-
H a t e
Ia aU oew•h•PII'
f1, .1 .110 and •2
,........., $5.00
Tllfll'l' 10101
•
Ant - : ; llint ttll tiN
Bulftfl's Shot's
lilt alii'"**
Wh7 buy moo u eb wh110 you eu.
rett.horourhbted•a.ttbe
u. s:sui'un
IIIU ito\IT. -
�~socv;uvr~
Y . P. CA.TTau_ ...... ~
~
....•1 ......
··-'·'"1!1'0'!~'1'!
'rtar:: ......'J1!&111l11Jl!NG."""'ALO,J!.Y.
~
Prb SJ.II ,_ ,_, SQr;
a ........ ,.,..
k
~·
...... __.........._ J-S.ttJJ.attr.,.e.-.
.. ...,.,._v-.
.......... --.a..1179
•
SATURDAY. IIIA>Y 30, " " ,
COMMISSION LEAKS
If things keep on leaking ·M they have fo r the ] Mt week o·r 10
_,ml' or our "e5timablc" citizew wi! l be relegated to the back wooda.
This eity h= been placed in a particularly had light through the
be&utifully-ill!#klent oonduet ·of the Ch-i! Sen; ce Board, in itB blun-
dm~ ~et~~tr ~~n!u~~!,~·~~J~:.~·those
Jooal c:iTil ~n-i ce e.xaminAtions had
o( doing things in the .,·ay of htJping
5e0retary of. the board round it necC!181.ry to
·
Mm for fear that one of the commitll!lionel"'l
!ipMb \'ery poor fo r that eommiaeioner. Th.tt
lk.>eretary and
thought this and fail ed w act Until there wu an actual leak lookJJ
u though thty were afraid of be-ing eaught in the ne~ tbeiil!feh'el,
!
With tht cs:amination papen in his po!llle58ion O\'er night plACet~
the ~ret.ary in aD emhl.rraE~~~1 ng posjtion now that it bu been shown
that sOme o f the ILD8Wen were !mown ~fore th e e..u.minl.tion. -,.. ,.
The memborw of th e oommi118ion 11.nJ th e secretary ba\'e l'i!fligtled
with the ueeption of the suapeeted comwialioner_, who, it ill aaid, il
a particular friend of tlie- niayor. What s fine ap~imen of a ch'il
aen'ice commiA&iouer, and what a fine lot the whol e outfit is, in fact.
It looks to the oul.liider as though the m ayor's fr iend on the com·
mialion will so sure of hi& ground that he had no ntocd to be careful .
Tbe le&b be"'t.o(ore hue ~n oondueted -in a llllUlDer wbieh enabled
t~ politici.a.!;uJ to .J>lace t heir J riendtl in tl1~ deBi ra\!le..,po8itiODll Wi!bo.Jlt
the pnblie being &DY the wiser, but t.hiB friend of _th e mayo r
a nt 80 blatantly that he )las give n the whole mtlllll awRy.
These men RI"C ' 'good'' men. t)w~· a r e ''honest" men,
npitalillt politicians, and were hdping thei r !riend11. They are
of tb( capit.alWt syatem.
~
Bow do ,\·ou like the ayatent I
----
Ill tlle lan muoldv-ot ~•mpalgu
:May or BlltliDIJ Elluged that under
tb~ Sei<lel adminiiH.rstln n tsOO bad
bfto collected fro~:~~ tli~ Bo1to11·
;;::;ord~7t:!::'~~.JJ~:ud~":
~-:~ ~:plr~u:r: ' !;;:~;.;;;•,;:;;,;:;;;;;, ;~·..;;;.
graft cbarre, wb leb b e b'rougbt
againlt tbe Soeialllt admi11i1tn.·
tioo., TIIereupo11 !lr.Seidelbroul~t
1uit agaia.11 Muor &ding ud Tb~
Free Preaa. n~ Fr~ Prea~, ~•\··
ill! 110 dtf~D~I IIOW ID.IIIr.« retr&e·
t1o11. Jt ·~11d1 that thera wu 110
bui1 of tn~lb wb.at~vtr i11 li&J'Of
Badillg'f. KUdalo" &lid libeiOIII
~barge-. It •TIII D v-ort!
Durinc th 1pri111 e&apa..\111 for
eitt ofll~n, · aad on April 2, l!IU,
the lllilwaoke~ Fr~~e Pre. !11 r~po:trt·
inra•peec.bof lLator G. A. Ba.di111
at tbe Bob ~ao Turo Ball, quoted
t ~er~~~•F
p~ve .
..
tllal
•:ri•ct'!t
tb~
Soei.alilt
:r,•;i~:. o~r~ -~1 ~~-:. ~~=-
~!al,:d~~:;t0~~~=:~:o~~:r·
.:u.:~~·~,;:';;~;.~:"t.t ai.
trleh, 'i ndturftierelaimedtbatth
did
BUSINESS LEAKS
What iD the t.arou.tion tinkers is th e tru1.tter ll:ith husinerill!
It hru~ . aprung a leJ.k. Some body h11.11 1kuttled tl1e
sbip · · Bnnkl ' hu bee n working O\'ertime and 8.!1
r~llr<l1 ol i.he city
not dr.ow
wb er~ ttlia 1!1101111J' weal, but dalm·
ed .tbattbe IDliiii)'WeAt.toBrlabaoe
llall.
n e ·Free p,_ h• eloce looked.
lip Ill ~ facta in referei.ee to t be
:~e~~~~:r:!:).VI:;:~· li~~~~;~:t~r1 ~~c,~ ~,~,~·; ·;~, ~;
Bolton tto,.. alley, a.oli lh11il · tbat
tbn.e ttafemeDlt • w~r~ u11tnoe.
h luffetl and compet ed "'ith all eomef'"!l o n the
l'ro111 tb r~ordala tbe city hall
manv vc.al"'l.
•
·o·rwhatanil isRll tbe deni11.l thnt businf'!!!l is "on ~he bum ' '
.a.ad in th e r~,:tiater of oleedt otr.u
that is the faet. If it is tnl(·. why notRr knowl edge it like rt'Rl men and
it llf'JINrl that e•·ery lejZal t t ~p
set to work to fin(] out thr ~'fill~ tht•n 11.ppl.•· th e rc•otdy.
pro•·i·leJ !11 tbe ci ty ~barter for tbe
l nsteKd of U1al we find tl,.. lllllriO<'Si!men of tbiB <'Ou nt.ry who crOOit
.-.~atioo or alleye waa followed bJ'
•Maaelnw with all the wisdom (t:Oiug t~hout like 11. lot o r dt.'Capitatt~l
tb~ ~it.•· tbrou~b ' "' Soeiali•t all·
chickcna, f111. pping thei r wing~> nnd I!Jllnlle ri ng 11nd l.~u tiug out tl1e
nliainratioll i1 tba \"&~11 tion ot tbe
l11.8t drop of blood. lt is the li111tl lt•uk nf tlu- competitive system Q[
Bonun •tore 1llry. The proceed·
inp:•wtrealipllblic, ootieeswproJueti-an and distrihution. Jt mcllfl.~ •h·ath to smul! lm.sim.'till.
In th e tnen ntim e fhe wo rke r is gufl'cring fur th.· wnut of c.mploy. , l'ubliabl'.i • • •·eu re<Juir~l "by lAw,
J•ublk beu.r i Djl l • e ro• bat! a111i that
uwnt. While the big hnsi ni'flll mt' n Hre ll!ttiug the lif t• blood out of
tbeut 1\"U uotbiaJ;A4!<" ret doollttbe
the Jton ll t'X ploitcr , thon1111ud~;, e\"t•ll mill inns. or wo rke D RQ! walking
pro..,<'Ol<liu j111< hat l<OC\"ef.
the strt--e~ seeking" chHnL-., tn enrn <'noug h to lnst th tm O\'Qt the day.
The worke r8 haw lis tcu<'d to t h(' ("(mfitlt- II C<' t alk of the cn pilalist
:::
politicillnll en r~· ~·e~~.r. 11nd t•V<•r)" ycu r tlwy )uu·e ll{.,·o tllfllle who o~~<·u
~oda l1> t aolntiaiotrat io a is un ... ai·
the menus by whi ch tlwy nlll!il li\"t• mllkt- n wor.:~e mt.1!!! of it, unti l now
it h1111 COII\t' to pll.'lo.~ thRt t"our or fin• 111 (' 11 own pnu<tically the whole
l"illlt ... l 1 ·.~ Ute lindi1111• ma.Ue i,Q t b~
~eare h or th ~ J>DI•Iie rt-c:ordl.
country, 1111d run it for th••ir <tWn l 11·~··fi t •"lltir.,J.\·.
Tht> work ers first 111low..d tlw ow twl"llhip of lht' me11.n11 of t'n rninit
a liTing to lf'Ak into th e hand!!" of t_h;• .>~mnll eompeting cRpitlllist!f, and
the amllll ea pitalim hill'(' rlone hke1d~ to the benefit of th e few
"AJDUic:llJl heautiet" who h11ve conlltilltt L'<i tbetnse.h·t'li ll
·
ot abonf.. five III.'Jf-appointed r ulers to wh om .RIJ tnu.st
....
·
rb::~~~ ~~ ~~~~OIII:~I;e:~a~J~
bebe&dt!d.
Business hflll leaked om or the BIIU:Ill t.Rnks into a fe ul
owned by a few men, enHbling thePI to ensl.R\"t' tluo !"(lilt of the
lA'! us obtain poR~~e&Sion of the tanks.
FINANCIAL LEA:KS
One of the aotieeable fee. lures in the speaken tor the
o..rtu il
tne:ir ability to
mal;;~
·1"='!1.!- -••
a apeeeh on t be .ubject without
=:.~':itf:i~ ~~te~~bt::~~ r. ;::~:li=t ~rter
AldtriJl&D .SuUh•an ia a liber.d fellolii'-Y.·itb 'hat dGeln 't
~ ~ t.~=~ ~:f::J!'.~:!f ~~ t)~~U:~·
U
;e
belc••rl•;,,.,,,_,,
EAST SIDE AND W£ST SIDE
AND OrnER SIDES
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-05-30
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-05-30
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n104_19140530
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n104
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/afc34ea9eb674ffb6fafb5b87faaa432.pdf
b188cadad5cc6c8f5564449f7da8a0bd
PDF Text
Text
lliPJr.AJ.O IOCWJST 01'1
~AT1B!-0.
YOUR~UBIL
~YTO
IATOmAY
YOUR~a.
lAirA,T NII;B STANDS
;'
CllARTEfDEBA.U: EX--COUIQI J J:StiTH~ vs. w:
IP' IT IS
104
I'IRI!S ND:T ~
�Attention- Baseball
F~nsi
To Union Mm and Their Frlcnda:
THE Brook lyn Team _d the
F~deral Lea rue II OWIIIIII II!'
· Robert B. -Ward and oll>a mapatad the ncrn-ualoa
B (e ad T r u 11, now flgliting the orpalzcd bolr:a7 .....-.. mol 1rJ1D1
to disrupt them.
.
DOwn.with the non-1JDion Bread Trust and
.its .advertising. scbaDea I
Rduae to become the advcrtbiDr unclwlch man lcr the non-u nlon
Bread .Truat. by laillnr to attznd the Fcdcral Lcquc pmcs when the
Brooklyn tum plays ln thls city on May 28, 29, 30; Aur. 31; Sept. 1,
2, 3; Oct. 5, 6 and 7.
.
.
if ..-.
ruu.n
tl"a( b only tbe Socl ali•tL
dt~ n d
upoa 011.r
tappo rt ~n
We
to go
among t hei r fri r.ad• and ~u 111beer lpt io n ntob, Th t': rfl are tb ou.. nd• of JH!O<
pie 111 thl• ri ty who tl!l<l ir.e t l"t t here
It no hope f or relie f uad Ft the pre.e llt
tyatt•m: t b o·~ k no w that ~o o ditiou are •
a t' l.h rliu:>i t a• thfly •art':, but
~ the. ~\ut1DD &D4 BJ·
. Law, of the Bllttalo ,Botoll Aa10Ci1,..
uoo ~UJ' orpnind &D4 of
w hich UU. botel. 11 a. a:a..mbtr, ••
tu.•t ftii'Mil to U. foU.crwiDC coa-,
41\.IOu;
"lro -bta: all&lJ employ Gf pu.
m.lt &11.7 ome41r or emplCif'lt to l!m-
tlon<>t
ployor~eanyPftWJll,w11ols
k now t bt remed;o'. h i1 tile mi.. lon of
this , .. ,~ , t o poin t the way . Ooee we
p t t btm to read a nd t bey huy lit e ra ·
t ure t hat will le• •l t hem ou t of the
OT bM ~ amplOJ'ecl by at~oth•
111-.b4r of UU. ~Uon withoUt
W'rltt.DCOIIHiltofu.tdm.mber.''
WW you k1J1417- that t1:1.111 f'Ula
b Und ap to, u wa do DO\ Wfollt
to h1rt empl.07- !rom "'-7 ·otht:r
hot.6l In Bu11'&lo wtthou\ tilt lmowl·
t4&1 o.g,d COIIMZI.t ot .aid. hotal.
lD e:lllacUII AZl7 cJ.a.. o! http. i.Dquita wturtbft thl appUc:&llt b or
h" baeD e:arpiO)'..S b7 a.11.7 bot.al In
Bu11'alo, folld it appllc:&~~l>"tu.. bam
ao .u.ployad hamu..t b.&1'awrlttan
ccm.at fn)DI 1ut e.mplG,-u.
You will no::a11'1 rr-om Uma to
rr-om the Bu11'alo S:otal
1n nJ&r'd to ·n rioua
whic-h ;rou. will k1Dd.JJ'
011 & a folld COIUllltwhezl. ~pi07i.DJbelp.
8J(D..S b"7
w i ldt n~ ""·
T ht re
.,.;u t>e
a ml'f! ting of th e Doar<l
thho Tb ur~<l ay e•· tnlDf!,
queMion o b rought up a t laot
J'ri<lm ~· '• meetin,; will bfl gi\•en <lue r on·
D~r~!c• t o ra
o!
111d
th~
al deu .t io o.
l l f'ao wbiho • r t <"mio<l ou i- f ri tuuh
t ha t it io UJ>O n their aeli\'i t y th ai tbi 1
pa per <I<"JH'Ddl for ita u iotco re. Sto od
h> onr •u t. 1 mon th for a year an d th ere
!1 no quea t ion aa t ~ our o u~re...
Th f' f ollowing le tt er ! rom our tteuu r<'thn~ b...,o
rf'Ui1'N :
l'lt><l~tu amuu 11t o u ~: t o S16ti.OO
..-~tf' ma• le a t th r ""'<'11111:, Rtld I
! erl ju>tin.. ,J In tb e <'X t..,.. ta t io n l
th at a jtGCh \ llliiiY fOIIlrll <\,, and
f r,rn <l• h a•·i ll ~:t btiui<' to'~l ~o !th"
llulfalo
SO<" ial i~ t
nt b.-a n wil l ,.,.
~JoOn •l to th<' 11 •·~·1~ of our 1'"1''''•
au d J tru "t tbKI tb r Ul<> of • Ub
ra rol• • ·oil • ~• •'"" "
a •t irnuhn
•• -to t•III<' <!U • >n aJ•Mrtlou ,.·brrr
,..,. •·oU 1101 l~· r r~u,. ... l IG rAil 0 11
t i•P r oorr :ulr~ ou ul.f r .~rr.l~ t o ~on·
"'""h
You will thacbr rrutlr aid the
ficbt of the cgaoi#d b!kay wcwbn
a(~ DOO-unioo
eood.iticm.
500 P•lrof mtn's
•II uiUI·fA•t.,r
workSh~.
8'- Ito U, w\dU. D, laadB&.
Keftdu " Sb-; so llatradwll
t.h•to-loyoa$2.11 tb• pair
aaill.l-.aelrd. }rfO$-bl&ol
1Sbodd7 a.Md hi lbe mak••P 1111
tbb Shoe,
Bo,.• ..a e
atkfl, "-- ltolf.
lUI .
"~c:. "
Men's, Bors' and Uttlc Gcnb'.Scout Sboea.
in button or 1act: 1 colon, un, black.
~b1cchW::~Ia~ Wa or Niaran
~
$1.50, $2.00 S2.SQ, S2.9s, SUI
BUFFALO SHOE 00.
SENECA ANlS ELLICOTT STREETS
1000
Jt...-u;t'alleyran d who- u l!lt bat
&r e t wo daun in .oeiety:
ah... r &n.l tho othu• ,..ho a re
Dividends in Comfort
and Convenience
An Investment ln Bell SerVIce. lor your hom< will
return big ~ in comfort and convenience
thls Summer.
The beSt part d ·14 too, l.s that tt,only r<qldra an
investment of a few cents a- day.
Yoo rully have to 'F Bell Service to appredatc
what it wlll do lor you.
.
·
The errands it will run. the s~ it will save, are
llOl>'-'" 1.•· ,h~J·UI•~t
•t. Th""' w;·r~ a o
]<&tll••ll·· .-la ••r• linng 1111 the work ot
otb ~r• . Th~r.;, • a• no ~u q•hu '"'''"" to-~ :t. t·J••ol't i ~ t.·•l: l~'"t'le w~re full~· nt .ilfi,..J I<> '"' 11Lk t ~ t•ru•lu...- •lr.ll tbry
l>f'<"'I,.,l
It th r re "'&a J>l4! at;r ; a ll
th:.r'l ill it; i f there wu ..-alii , All
au1!.-r~ I fro;lll •t.
B~t ~~~~~ w-ur l·l ba~ t-:om .. ri vilizl!d,
t hat •• '" ""':'"• th~ .Jh·iaio-• of labo r
h U msoJr t b<' JIP O<hlrtion of •ut]!l'u l
•·al ue t-oo.aii>l.,, au olthwr;r - o u ot
our ci•·ilua t io n i• th::o.t thi' ~uqola a
•·at11~ j:'Of'!l to l'f!Of'l" who do not coa·
t.ribt!le t o Il l pr·otlu< t ioa, or at bot
contribute no mor., tba11 t1r • O>t~cn.
almost numberless'.
Make thls Investment lor your
family toqay.
New York
Telephone Co. ·
T depboac BoiJdioa0.....& at F.aokllo Sboda.
in_Heaquarters, Edward Hall,
I
'
.,... .
�SHOULD. -MOTHERS BE SOCIALISTS?
bow will that allect woman?
Equality al oppaotunity -
·Will wcman be pold by future Society .lor her ....,.... u
Malhcr? Tbl. ond other~ answucd lila remarkable book, entitled :
"SOCIALISM AND . MOTHERHOOD"
By JOHN SPARGO
Ooe hundred and thirty para, cloth bound and just off the pras.
• SOCIAIJSM AND MOTHERHOOD" is lor sale at the headquarters
· at sixty cents a c:apy or will be sent postpald upon =<Jpt of price.
Al(ftate and aub..,rlbe for the·
Jlrfletier·:&Uuno~
'l'bePII7 0ermaa DeWWpt.p8C' In Ol.e UM ootald1 of New Ycldl: Cl&J, N~
Meldq tbe bite,_ of &be Wm:ll:l.q 01.u1.. - 110 oeoa tm I mooll:ul.
Office. 315-317 Genaee Strut - - Buffalo, N.Y.
WI
py,
W<!
;:~~:· 0 ~0~:;·:~a~:~ :;ii'~:a~:::·~: ~~;~~
olemon~tnte
quution1.
Meet ing• bfgi n II
that they will not •apport
work and
Y.P. S. L PRESOOS
___.:::::.:.=:.:::.:.:....__ • .... "'" •ill ., ' '"
"wruuu Of THE HOUR"
WESTERN NEW Y()RK
--
-
UJ'UU1
~=dar.o';~. f::e~:~~ ~:e!~e01.:t~~~~"'~f
: : : , :.p
lbu bHa orpalud with
~er l!ltmben. Tlle .,.eeu
u f ollowa: Orpaiaer, Georp~;
rer:ordi111 -.ret.arr, t..oa Tbo~aU;
lln.aacialMetot.wT, lfr.. nollllliBrowD;
Up to t1te •laue llJiel, pod,
" - • ' IUlod
quit·
_..realld..,
tl•utd.lcnrlrllwa a)eawt..Hta
prioelllhe8LOO&lffl#oar
B~Olollltnc'. We an•bowlq a "'7 Larr- IUlod oo..pnbea·
eln--..aalvlftJW.U
TWO eTC>.._
lfi49J ..,_,St.
: IJH 3tffrru• St.
'---------...1
ean~ ~.tragH
ao tha t
b~
WITHOUT
O~n M onday and Saturday Evenln&:•
H. S. BULLETT
NEW, WELL-BUILT,
u n
;;;-;:;;,;;-;; ~::. ·;:;·,:·:,:: :::: ~!,.H!':~:t;;::::;..~~~:,;sr.~~
::.d)'
e;;llg~h~o:;~· ::~:··~i;~,.-,~0~ ~~~~e;r ~::::.;eiiS~!e!~~~:.wo b loch
aam~worry
rou11d of mono!·
wllieh bu
would meet dl.e
{ work a n•l
OIIOUI
:::
:!
ASAYING
TO YOU .
COMPfTiflON
_·- - - -
56 Seneca Street
Up
Sta~r.e'
~--
~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The bouea like a man wllo will go ~ ~
;:~:?.:~~~~~~;:!:~~:£:::.,;:: :~~~~~!~::~:~:~=::! ~~~ ~:~ ~~! ~~~;~~~:D·.~ ~::~~,~: ~: Union 11ao
JIS Bume·rco,
I..\L\LLB, lfBW TO.:It.
Buurd '• pbr.y, ll.lt
Ui111u Utt.a II t ka 4elepta eleded at I.& T011no.i11e Hall,
go t.o tile H.oelleetff couution, witll • e re ten ebaraete n
Daa f ortk u alternate. ,._ loeal
ot tbeM wu
;::========:;!;:; •, r-tu•
J::: ~~:~~~u~:tu~;· w::t ;,:n~~~~;,!;ot:
OUR CHEAP
UP-STAJR.S
RENTJIEANS
SHOES
f'ly.
·, a weleome !or Teddy and a ll o f
Tbie it the uutk about the Yuiean
~h~· !;tl•-l"ll.trl~k O'Urie11.
Thir etrugglno 11111 1.., <li!',.~lll h um
IIi• .. JaM.
"
_ _.:.;_;..:_.:.:_:....:__ _ _ _ ! ''Hi•i•"' -' j)Tf'H.t. Wo a re uarjH
:.lay 30tb--J 1 me~ O'!'eil ot Sew your, but l.a11 't it a lltuJ!RI" 11e•·er the· llul\moo~u. rl<!phanh-"" UIY j:ockua..
war thllll we II&\'~ bfea Ill a ny t ime In York ,
1- t
If tbe workrno Kill b 1u .. and \'Ole f or
the lut l tD year., thank• to t h l!lun•l·
,<\lten•l tht..e IDI!I't ingl, bring
Tile bo;t you migbt mury if a work·
t heir dua.
·
~~-··•_,-, , .•••.~, ··.:·· :·:-:: l ering o f t he l"r"'ide<1t. IJ be f l&n<lf f rien<i• and raeoor&jle tbe11:1 to
er, too, no doubt, a nd be un ne•·er be When Tt·d•h · ~omr• marchin.-:: home.
tbe
tbe Y. P. S. L. wh b d pte'l'ioaslr
littr,or a o 1tap u perieoee. Tile
tbor wu eaUed before aa. eurtai•,
in a tew w a.rda, thaaked tba
t ortbee•idtof
wbo a« wiUi11g t.o work, are uti tlecl
to IKime of life '• IIIIDibi De, 1t0111e of tbe
brip:blae&.~ aad ._utr. It would aee=
that r-r falllet aad 111ot1H!r wbo ba,.e
aD4
~~I ~~r:..~:·~ ~~ :aboO:.
·
369 Ellicott Street
(WE SEll VALUI!)
IKIIDI!lklng betrond ot bard ltbw aod _ _...,.;._ _ _ _ __
c:: :rlllt~ ~!:!.1:!~e:.~~ ,........... !~~·'": ~~~
::==~~.,:~~~~~~~=· ~~:--
born. JhellDJ' an k•ld 111'1ty W..a- &a~H, will, d11riD1 tlae
• l'•t•er, plar, of a mo«
da r . ..,
uter, w laiell will be preee11ted
tile earlr utama. Alreadr
Peopt.•, . B«ialiat Leap•
anull..iac f or llle
u ,..
Ill• aot re«l.-.
:r-r ,.._
yo.;
Pollowiat"
aa.. apo. tM
y.U1w ..Ml '- a •-.ber.
=~~ ;:.t ::so':t! ~:~· ~..::.
11.
... ,... ..........
. . . _ u "' . . . _ ot ,..._
!.~---...----...: -
Teck Theatre· Buildin
May 23rd ~~ .Dancin·g at 8 P.M.
-
�~~~
-
....-waa.Yn1a
BUI'I'ALO soa.uJST PUIIl.ISHINO <X>IIPANY
.
. . . . . . . Knlla.
TJia. THBATR.& IIRJIL.DING. .BUPPALO. N. Y,
. .. • • (:ATTC.l., . . _ _ . _ .
. ~'Pib$110,.,... • • ~~·-
~.·
...................
. . . . . . . .....JG-. ..... ,_S.ttQ,at ..............
.~.""
,...y•
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-05-23
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-05-23
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n103_19140523
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n103
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/81f6e65a68e792d3db87aec0dd383a78.pdf
d614459c3a96c4ae36793cbf564ca395
PDF Text
Text
L001t AT THI! NUIIIII!IlOF
YOUit ADDIUISS lABI!L
IP IT IS
.
103
YOUR 3VIISCRIPTlOI'I I!Jt.
PIRES NI!XT.W&It
n·
Oh~ri:er Debate: Thayer vs. Hall~r, , Tec~- libea~re Building, Sunday,~ay. 1~th,
.
. 1
.
.
..
:
-
,..
lj;
a p.
*
.
�-oovom aiY
Of~JDI,I
p~ to R.all the Ma.,.,.. aDd I:'ilur Cotllllllm.l ·. sianas Thrown m the Rubbish by the .
Sought to R.all- Commlaaloaaa Have
Recotd.
Attentton
Bss0ball
ToUnloDI'&oaudThdrF~: -
.
.
•
Fa~sf
....
THE Brookl:ra .l'um al. tho Pttlcral 'Lcacuc Ia ""'*' J.r
Rol>crt B. Ward iiDII cthor ,- - altho DOD•DJIINI
Truat, aow ~tho ~looloert......,. iiDII tr,iic
disrupt ,them.
.- •
•
.
·
~
' s •• ~·d
to
Down with' the non.:UZUoo Bread Trust aud
its advertising scbanes I
Rduae to become the advcrtlalar saaclwkh mao lor the a~a-u a loa
Br ead Trust by failing to attend the Peclcrall..eque·ramca""""" the
Brooklyn team plays in this city. cia May 28, 29, 30; Aug. 31 ;, Sept. I,
2,3; Oct.5,6and 7.
:·
J
.
You will tbmby rrutlr aiel tbc fight of the orcanU:cd b&kar worbn
apinst DIXI-uDiorf c::ooditlcas.
THf ROO Ill DIRECTORY
.
MAY 20TH
'you have unlll that cl4y to cet your name ~ this
mQII hi>portaai buahWu and aoc:ial rdcrtaoe book.
.
You WilJ ·add owC:b to your disaimfoo:t and incon- ·
~ a you c1o withoUt BeD ~this .......
mer.
Why not ilfln that contract today and have your
name In this book?
Bell Serviee Is that quick, courtroua, aatblyinc"
kind..
.
May 2111 will be to late.
Do b today.
®
New Yor-'L.
• Telephone Co.
Tdop~lluiJdioa
· lt'•E-t.a..
'•
Cuach & Pnokllo-.
llm-Y-rllmudBcr,.,:&lor~olboft:-.ll.,_S....:..,.,__ C..
we d.~ Track Mart. II caa -~-•l5c:IDc.llllll•u?,.,..ol
a;urPALO SHOIS. S.C.,_ ltrk &oa:r.- . _ ....... ud Ibm -
llw25cTrade Mart.
Oxfords
AD
DCW
pattam tb1s
II£UDIIo
Ia RuY,. Sola, O.k Sola,
or tbc rcddWatcd DroaWr:
11Vcu NL\GAJtA SOU!S.
-~ ..... ....t Liltk Gads'
Sooul Shoa, ... ....... ..
,..., ........... Wack,
elk or daoc:olate 1 Ilk Sal.
DfNispu DooW.Wcu
Sola- -
SLSI, $2.1 $2.51, .
$2.15, $4.1
SHOE 00.·
�SPAR·GO'S LATEST.
SOCIALISM
AND
MOTHEQHOO~
Baoarian Hall
JOHN UNVERZART
Slmpltl(..m
776 Byca.more St., cor. Reed
Do you know what Shakerism was? Perfectionism ? ' Do .you know
that much false criticism of Socialism is based upon the utterances of Anarchist.
Communists ? Can you tdf why even such representative Socialists as & bel
cannot be: quoted as commiting the Party to any position bearing upon the marriage relation ? All these questions are answered in "Socialism and M otherhood."
If you cannot answer any of these: questions you need this book.
Socialism and Motherhood is on Sale at HeadquarterS', Teck Theater Bldg., or mail MoneyOrder or Stamps and book will be mailed postpaid.
PRICE 60 GENTS
(CLOTH BOUND>
CORRECT STYLES FOR 1914
PRICES $2.00 TO $4.50
0111 14.50 Slm IRE 111E BEST
THAI m CAll BUY, W 11011£
OUR CHEAP
UP-STAIRS
ROO MEAIIS
ASAYING
TO YOU
Open M o nd ay and Sut&..e .-dny
H. S. BULLETT
U p 10 the a~.1DuWII171•. cood,
boaeu ao4 weu-~tla 1 qa ..U·
dH uad low.f ~~~ el~ewbMela
priC* Ia 'hi SLOGo\N fO'I' ou
Sprlac Olochltlr.f We..,.. t ho• ·
lq • ..,.,.., tua• aad oo!Dprebt a·
dn &Mart.aaa l of l l11M ll
$10,$12, $U5, $18 and $20
ALL Ullll LAIEL
.Riu Sprl•ll 6•1J, Ctps,
Stlm, Clto, Etr.
THE ENTERPRISE
ui-19J .,_st.
iiio·3,.,.,.. st.
\
'
e , · • nlna:a
56 Seneca Street
. UP Stairs
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
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en
Identifier
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
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Original Format
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-05-16
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-05-16
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
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Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n102_19140516
Date Created
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2018-06-12
Is Part Of
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
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v02n102
Extent
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4 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/95c46559771301866cebd86b8b8437df.pdf
e27f90ec656a548bdb68d4c1eb8aa23d
PDF Text
Text
MURDER
)1USlfACECOURT 'MARTIAI.--· ''LAW AND
-AID-:TRIAL BY CML COURTS -
9RDER" IN _COLORADO CONCRESS_OELAYS SEAMEN'S BILL
IN -INTEREST OF BOAT OWNERS
No Thought ol Lives ol Passengers - Cost to
Owners is First Consideration ol P oliticians Life Belts Would Drown Children.
.. T~ Disarm Tin Soldiers
Wi>men and Cblldren Found Buried In Hole After
.Dev;aatatlon ol Ludlow- Guards Join MJiitia and
!Ucdve Pay from Both Sources.
elar~n pollb.,ra rrinlbl!n fromLud·
Tile ll&l!ae of :&odefelle r will llu
Jcar ia
mt>111oriel of tile wo rk.I 11C
. elut tbe world for tba dutardl.)'
a..cb perpetrated oa tilt ttriltl"' mi11 ttlot C,elorado.
T\e R.oclt.tcller'o, wit~ Bible io oa"
bad · a..t mouy witil wilkh to hire
II••
low:
K!W11,1 Waa D!lliban.ta.
''At prNidut or tilt! \\'om1111't Peace
Auociati .. , l•hall tall for 5 ,000 woDtol\11 to m•~h through th e 1treett ot
Dell<'lr to till C&]>i tol Ill impreu UJ>OII
l b" krl!tlltate aod tbl! publie that
tbl cott ot thi1 \odurtria\ war u
te.,Jtoo.,t io dollan and U 11ta i11111t10
11111eh to be co11tlde rod u tlt e tbi11p
tbatu.,d erllelt.
''The retto.ltl of ou r i11Y11tiptloa
•h•.,ld ~otrlfy aad arollta to ecti'l'lt.)'
a•uy woJD&II itt tile Sllte worth,. 11f
motbe rbood.
" I eo.i!l hlll!la llrmlr oaaYlDced that
\be .WU.. aat1
\M7 ...-ted.,
I M.I&D \bJ a& \be ll-.4 Of 0111
kat& Oont"'llltaat azt4 tlla ~
Jllllllle:Diat~otllt:r,arecarr.)' leroat
tJi e t ~teat to spend 1u11 tileh lut cut
of H•h tt11lea bl.lllou to beat .dow11
tb1 1111111 wbo dlr 11p tile wcalfh fot
U.-.
At la•t PrN.ident Wilao11 hu fouad
lmpoulbl1 to stand oo: apllltl t~e
will al tlte p!10111a, aad bu Hil t U. 8.
UOOJ>I l•to Colorado to ro:tlllo~e nd d!sa rm till milit ia 111d tbup bh~d b;<' thrieh VD.Itu ru .
W! til tM 0o<'eJII111111l 11klc1 1 llaod
b tltoe Colorado oltuati.oc t he .tat11
olllee r1 aad pollticiano ' " ruaning
aroulld lilta a lot ot rata. A 1peds l
-1ton of , .., 8t1te 1...-Ki•lat ur" i1 to
t.. cal/d, and Hl'rtl ~1ur,_. a re bol ·
l11g llr.ld ;., tM iootcl• of Dc~ ver.
Tile ! Ida IJ tuu in~e apl11•t th t p;lW
en th11 be ia til• Colorado di~ttirt fH..
i~
•.
d•y•
:~:h t~~i;;~nr
ell., wu d .Ub!ln.&e.
tam~ to ''"' -~~~~... ,.,.., lleldo 1101
wltl> tbe idea of J>ro ttocllng ptopoo rt y.
ot k u ploa ponte, b ut of k illlug tbr
•ttikeu. ''
----
TO GIVE ENTERTAINMENT
:;~,.:~:
cTI,: '_;~,::, \ : ,..." :ukcd,cth~;
qucllio n •·e ry bluntly.
\\'ith th e cou ra ge th.:u cu mc• irmn
~~~i~~~~~~f~~~
u
I'"
thl!l t ow11 eta.. f or a ..iataDe6.
To niH the tuath 11ecdtd to defny
a da nrc on Satutd&.)' auni~g )[ay 9tb
aeema a--ry be lakrn lmmrdi
l'~IIUIIII~IIt
XUwn 0.... P..S.al aol41ara.
artiJ.ta
~j]\ perfo~m, i~·
ofW~:IIva:~; t:~ 1 :",:'pa:- ~u::::',~: ;~::;;,' ~~~ldlt~a~~~~~:::,.u!~~:~,~~;
RoO!•~•. '•b.,
~ K~b•,
' "" f'•n
<b•y ll<bolu
lbo <00 ..
• ..,, m~ at lbe train by a rneat body Acti•·n u d otbers.
~~~trikna nd
0
n:~rilrera
llriklln'
wi""
~"1
li~bb~l~· ~~~=ilip
hbed a br•N bell<! to
:~::: :;:de~11dLot~~1YI:~e ~b"i11 fit~:
w
appes~aee
c
1t::o:;der
O
Dl.nl
b
~ill(
~
ea:~·:~rlh
0~~~
eia;;eer;tm;::
:::e
8tata, i11elodi•1 tb1 _. 0 rtbet'll diJirict,
ot wlllth LoubYille ll tb• eelltef. Tbe
Stal-e 11111ilia hav e lett th._ eovlllera
l eld, bat tllere an rtlll - e hi llle
a~rth1r11 dbt riet. Tbe1 mtUtt lea•e or
11•• u_p their 111111 to tbe fod111ll e.: aJrytnaa.
iH~~d~ol::~!lll~
o
IIOlD UP tnmt~~ittee '
B&l=-~::.;~~~
on:t
~::. ••:~·~. lc~:·:g.,:~~~ra•b;,:' ,'!i ~=
bfon.,!lto, O''t'r fl,~ OO ha•·•ng bN"n d~
nat•" l hy the uruon for th11 pu rJ>OIII)..
The lluter Painte u, o r .. huon Cou a ci lnmn I:OJ'J'in-and ~U[ >t'T\'Iao t ll r Eivia
a re !rleml!" '" · a ro• 11oinl{ th e lhnit i11
th c tr cft'ort J to o/inupt th e l'& <nta,..•
l'n ton. \\' p wond ~ r bow many J•••o te..
•·ot"'l for tbco.e 111rn e 111f'h 011 f'le<:ti oa
day.
Tb ~ l'''l'"'h""ll<'rl ha•·e &i,:n c,l a 1,.,~
no ~ n b wi t~ all ~mpJ .. ~·<'re t!U<'I"t ~l ttr hcll
& l'a rh r . .i67 !o!&i h 8trrcl, whu lm•o
n ~iJ,!II iu th eir windO"' ' ''\\'anted, 111111<l!ltUII l'"l"'r~•nJ.!tr&. ''
••·kole r~ t o ~Illy ,..,. ~~- r.,,., th i~ con·· ern.
MINISTER LENOS HIMSElf
TO CHARTER ELEMENT
u
-
o f all
•
pcrJOn5 on
•
~.. ,":', ~:~~ :! ft:~l:n~mm~; 1 ~0 ~'1 :~·~~~
ma~a
to mform .h' m that 1t th 11 ett >
s tn cke n ant.! ru' h for the boatt, th at anyth!IIIO hk e an a tt empt to pay
• •'."' '"
.
Womaa'• Club &lid t·h e ez
'
.
::t:::,~~~;ly~~ir a •u~.
wl~~·,i:i~~;~:i~:. 8
toelall,.
p. m. Tbne
,
.
.
I...ter we w•ll ha) e goot.l mUJtc for
da aeu>g. For tb oae ~ho •lo nDI pia,.
cardt "' U.~~ee tome '." 1 good rcfrH~meat. ha•·c heu l'~" ''l~l'<l by a eompcUllt <'Ommlttec. " e wtll try to plu.~e
:~~:: 1 ~ 11 l=d~dtM~~~aliD~<:'.O::: ::~~.=Y·e,·e~..g~~~~a~~r:~t~~: 8:!:~
·~·'"
b~tr;d
U]llai otd ill' d11tail by
~obcrt
Steitlct, Good
~nough.
H)' thr I team ship o wn-
"~'·
ll.ll
doh<• " ' , .,,
,. .,..,
Wa
ba•e d~ht• ."' o•cr thlfl y yn.r~ lla n~
~;reo~ha:h•;:e :;igi:.~" a:l:::~·''inp~~~
' " ru t . But that maltn buai nfar
11" • • •"'" •f ' ""
A" " '
O,la~'"
.
~!" '~:: : o bapreo to be '" the loa ok-
~::~..'!: e:fit~i;!,~;cu .,h-:d~l:c: an!h~h:i~~~!:U:,k:o··:;:::!Y "!mls:: :~:te:;~-t~~est~~~~~-i:Jo. 1;:.,;!.;~"...~~~ ~.'
1 '
pro•·~ wht Soc:ialiJt
P.-eu lU ll: eo u U )>OIIti"Dt, .tbe fllllo....
p&·
i• tha ·,y!le•n whkb i•
~~ ~~ b:;"d
011
1''~ 1118 • 1
!
1 11
tba
10 blam..
;e~ wltfo
I\
grr ahcr whi ch h~ o r •h~~· th e
ltb • tom.ml ulo o go•·ernment aa
E~ery Socialia~ .,...1111 to kpow tb e I '
.
'
d
d , fl
tbia city we will illform J.!r ~'ri ck thai;
true mcanlo~:., tbe true ~au.e lad d 'eet, 1\aby-:;-"'n _JIU~l~ o•·..rboa.~ T~n . :at tbe a~phalt ~ ltctri c ~aa lt~cat railWilJ'
:eia~ :•;b:e;.:.:~::t~n~e.~!~::ioto7 ·t~crill· :~ :.::~:i:n~~~~:'%~:·~~:;,;t":la~i~::;: :~;~:;e ur:~~y ~~J~eor~~:·~ "iti;;·:oact~~=~~·:u~:n,~i~ilj~:~.'~ ·~ai; !"obd; ~o=
\reF. Crvz, May 1.-IJ.a J.!uieao 1 bate
Amcri~~&Pif They do ; mllli oot of tbem
do. Aod durillfr the puJ_l.Jr9, months
iPlluieo 1 b&\'e learJ!ed Wh.)' 110 maay
Mcaie&D l adiJ.aa wleh to kill or abuae
Amerleu mille miiiJgerp and plaPten.
I ha\"e beard,•flrat ila..d, trom Am~ri·
t.lell~
;:,:,~s~:nbo:;de_':n~a:~;~
.of t he elan Jttugg la there it no
e::tc::;;
oac Ut tble . eouotry . .a able to c_l ear 75 ecnt s u ch.
away tbe nuJCoDcepctllnl !11 the m111dt
But the " unreuo nable'' pi]o rmen,
Ill the peoJ>I.,, &lid 10 u~ble to opraadlto ,.·ho rn the phris., ~ w o men and ehilbd~n~ ytta the rea l ptetun~ of lb t t drcn first" meaDa - more than mere
t~rnbl• tn~y tbn Robert Steiner. m o uthing of wo rd l , brough t fo rward
:So at lldcnt .Qt tb~ labor mo•:.emePt nil a little child to an s w"r that a rgum.,nt.
::" ~~:;e :!:~on~e~:rr~~· i::ttye;~ :!:'! t:r::;n;~:~~~~r~~~:·.t~
•.
•:cilt:
:~.••':~~r:tu::dr;,ou:~~~f~~~~~:: ~::.JbBu:.~:. ~1~1m(;~o:~!i ~:::~ ~:1: .:::n~to:~~,;~a•·e1~1~ :o~d1 ~ =~:::,g~ ,:~~~11 ~=='~:o:el;:,. ~::::
f~l
··~.ve
::,:~:,:0:,::~:~:~~:::0 ~1 :0:,.:~:~~~:;; :~ ~:,er!::b::~it:!:~~~~- tb~p7.:!~:~ ~=~ot1 ;be~;l~~tc: 1Ze~~~:!·b~•boT:!~ ~~/;;:~~v:~::~:~::: :::;;;~~-'.~: ,;rt, :, :~o::.~ ..~~b:c~;'1 _~~:~~~m_o~ey :~
::t~m~ 11011n t~:~dc~-:~~~:;.e ':J~ou7.. ::,;~~:, ~~:~mT~~e;b:~::~.t~e ;~ft'~ !~~!'; 1 ~2:~:~~ ~=;~ StrHt, s u11day ~!~~~~:: :i~:y 1 ;t~11c:;:u~~i~~:-;:.e': ~::~·:~:. wb•eb th e My ollie•• 1• ~
3ohD Oolemaa' a-;;:. AptD a&Dd-
carried oot
•
II"'
aU penon• !11 . the rtri_lte KOne wil o _are
lo.
aot. \11 the a"t•u 16\' \te ot the G1ute•l
. . .
.
8tat01 Ar111y to ill t lllda. mellfben of the
A,.,., .. ot l l b<!o11K •lCIIIOIIJtrated tllat
Colo ..do JDIIitl• a• w.tl u tlrihr~, the buoinHt "'""of Bu~alo arealo~ llf
11>ine auanb aad othcn1. Maay of tb n eao:- ma r b .
·
cuan:la jooiar<l tbl! militia llld r~~echod
It ~-- t>ceo the cutom of th'a labor
~y from tile IDioJ owner.. <.'oDJe-~h.keT11 c•· ~ry year to p around to th.e
I
•
CAPIJAIJST IIDrSS
IIIIIIJS
ITJI HAVIIID~
TDIGfDY
""""' yoo ,.,., lllob~"
rftl. 11111'
1
1~1 IM
6 per e ent. of the wo men and e hildren
ABUSE Of MEXICAN WORKERS ' BEGINNING OF HCHT· yo u mry ~~your ships. \\"h;r.t about
Of fMIIIfT
th~:cth:~:·po,.·neu reply that they
llVIIUIIJOI. ·PARJY BY AMERICAN
EXPLOIJIRSI
HOUR
MOVEMENT hm
''""""''' ;uo•·ldod ... hlml10·•
.
-.•
-_ .
_
fo r 1
_e en _L mo re . .A. l tfc~aft. by
IIOOSf WIDIIIIII'
Rlll'lllnt Of IADOOARliRS
M'Uli H> committee are aU ... orking bart.! iag article
.:::e:.:::~~-.1.. ~r~a~:'Ydlu~::ir~;"~:
u
than 3 ))cr cent
dw g, for tlte on Satarda.)' e•·e11i 11g, Yay 9. T bia will wil i<!b sbow1 th e rcaaon ,;, tb:
UIITU llalllll
ftlfll Alllftlltl.
Tb~
;,0~1°,0!:~,:.~ .~ ·'l~;o':f;•~blo~l:.o,JI~o;oti.l~f~~i
:•::·:~lenI ~:~J:~:~~~n~ ... :~~e no;~m~~
Striker Defending His Famlly Againat R.ocla:feiJas Hired Gunmen and Militia
<>•
.
lABOR fAKERS OIJT
ot' fedr ral troop. Ibm.
W&J. W. A. ~Iaibrook, ht tbarJ • or
t ile fede ral traor- jp t~ e Trl 11idl<l dil·
t rict
let it b. koowll tbtl be
::e;~;
lc-...,. 1'1,,. Y-tt C..a)
t.:rsr;'~d~t::":!~";;cai;~~~htJ~oC~:~ e,-!~':in:t•; 1 at t;'h a :;'~!::qua~~~~,~
... d
\\'hy so
::•~•;,:~,::,:;•
.~.'. "~;·::;;
·;.~,"',~;;
11 I f
k
ar o ftl n
I
""' ' '"' " " " - _,.,,,.,, "' " ''" •••• "'"• 0 • • - ',,, , ,,;
pu1111llotd to Ute h.ll u tcpt or t.,. lur . oue~n.
rcguding it.
The rc no n is quite app;r.rent. It i1
o ne that co ncern 1 the general puhlic
far mo re than it does the seamen, The
bill is bcins: delay ed beeaulie of a disput .. a t to lifeho au on pa u en~;cr •·e•' d s. Sha ll li feboau l>c pr O\'i ded tO
take can: of all pa s scnger~l Or is it
~uftl ~ i cnt to 11ro•·ide lifcboa ll for leu
than tlt rt~ pet c~ nt ., a s at prcs~nt. " "
crowd ed excursi o n .-c s s ~h an<.! a link
more o n o1hcr r•aucnger ••c ss cls' Th~
Jc~•nc n ~ay that there shnulo.l he hiehoat ;t,(( Omm <•<.btion ior a ll o n hn ar.l.
Thc shi!><•wnen contend th at the )>res·
ent rulu arc ~:o-o d cnoua.::h.
\\' ho 11 to sclht the three ptr ,-rnt.
oi the p~ssena.::crs 1" !(" in thc 'life-
ra-
Lc:~~~:;~l a:-::~et~i;t '::;~ 11°r~:!: ~i~l ::~n:: ::te~:i;::':; ~~~~ 0~:"::
\'t'Uch, CotwcUm..l.n Oo~~ &.D.d Snperrtllor )(~
Ehin Hirin&" Scat..
l,.illlm
he.eu o"b .trika
t'd}· either o f thcu conditions. Hear- for the l>&at fl!w . «h arl! willaioc
ing after bcariag bat ebf!-n bcld by all a lonl{ th 11 l in~; ~!. l>!llt'l ha•·e 111{111co mmint'fl of both h ousu o f Co n- e.l up . .. ,, o•·er .~ ou m ~ ba•·e rf!- turpod
g rc n . Many •·nlumc s h.2\'<' been filled ICI wo rk a t tb ~ i11r,...a I 11'&ge uf t-4.00
lb lt th ,...,1.J,.,,.,,,.Jibent"l.Y wtfirf'to
an .\ looted t~r t..., h wbn" !be wow~o
Tha l:o lnmb ia TurD \"mln, wboae
&ad • b•M•f' n • ~ ro r r,.mat ... t, "'' 11 ba A~ t i ~ ~ t:la" t"" k fourth Jlri U at t ile
llfiiN a• th e ~u onu•~t ~ ' "1 ""~" or Xfttio1111 li.)'mlllltl" a ad Atilletle lJHt,
be<!:a told .
t'quippin g
~~~~~,:~:~;~~ou;;:::~ ~hh~ctr:i~sn~o 0,~~~:
·~~~ COLUMBIA TURN YEREIN
•"re of the wome11 a11d ~hihlr~a bu
PAINTIRS AGHTING HARD
FOR _INCRIASEO
WAGE
_
o nrdenythat thepresc:nt mclho.d s
"Aa lrmly eoa\'inet'd am I that. the
otllea" o( the Co!ondo :O:atloo al Guar,!
at1d ma11y of lil a mttc u11d a r tbcm
::••~:. ~:···:·;.~::~:.·;::,; •• ::;;;
••~:. ·:~.~~':::.~::·~:':: ~·;~··:;:
~:::.:.~~;:~:::.::' ·~;;-.~:; ~-;:;;·::;
of ~anning and
apctll&l.blafot\lleba.ttleu:LIIdlow&.D.d
tlt.M t.b!l -..:n ot_~ c:kiJ.
~-~~~ tloty b••·e rooa to h.r ill lhr ir
ar.fulooo ... ork tllatll maypro•·e ,]an,.rouo to tlr.e npltallot da;_ h -;,
ru~aored that platu u~ d O<>! to imr-do bntb Go•.,uo r Aannouo 1111d
~·;·c:;,::::~::,::·!,] ,~
-tiHb'
of seamen wo rk on Freigh t •·enciL
It i s their hu nes ty to ..-ard s th ~ public.
their rega rd for th e li•·et oi o then.
that impe ll s them to dcntand proper
safe gua rds on the pa uengc r vcuds.
Is it fair to 1~ 1 the sea men fi(; ht th is
battle alo ne~
p~rucularly p;I. Ut'ngc r & t e~mcrs, a rc
""*'
tha~ OWJI U>J .U...,...,.
Why does Co ngre u delay the enac tment of the Se;ome n' s Bill ? o .. ~, 11:0:
mon ths a ~:o, Octo~ r :ZJ, 1913, to be
exa ct, the Un ited S t2tcs Senate paucd
it and referred it to the H ou1e of RcpIHertt ati•·u tor 6Ml aeti1111. Ao ~·et
tile~ hu
bee11 110 IIIIa! a ctio n. Wby
no t?
~YIIII Ul~r
ellanu eould
•fa troo.
IDdalliaa <:art\•, diPCiDg nd .,... rdrobc.
empln,.,• Drgu•Et>tl ud uthtr tor bet·
.
ter wage~.
fA-.
AD/IIIIIlt
It bu bee~.rc::,-;"
to th• IDU VllQIUULL
VI\IUJh)
cb.llt.o ~at r " · nlud•~t•
for
-!~ttbt>~l:m:n °~ t.be ~ tet"bt
(A. F. of ~· Letter.)
. .
ll!lltatiote, which ~ • .,... U.lliil o.a '::;
Tolttdo.- LoeallllllODi•l• In! &aa1tlt11/r
b
m, el&W"-ot B ~ Pteeideat Bl"lltt of tilt! lntcrnatiDDal
11
LAUNDRY wnowtiK'
.:r
rul~ wit~
when Diu
tke Iron ha11d, ....,. upc,_a.
.llmericattJ, aa • rule, treat &<.I tlteir lol ez·
lt&ll wo rkmen .. th a moet eroe\ of the
l"tuTDIIII I"IDYnl
tlave ,o•nen 11f the old Soatll treated
\ILIIIIUUJR \lfU\IIILn lftii\L
their blaek ala•·a.
,
. -" I've riddc11 tnto a buocb of theDI
( A. F. of L. Lcttar.) .
aad mo•ed them dow11 wllll 1 machete
Cl!~tralla, nt-Tbe We.t B•de atreet
u if tht)' •t"re dog•," oDe AUlerica11 eat hac, operated by the Centrall• Trac-
STDHtt:
what will blppen to tile ;, 111 res11 0( tilla
ci ty would ma ltc a oubjee t for a 117•
thlllg but 1 tetmoP.
_
We would a sk of l,lr. f'ri ~lt that ia
h.is apare m11menta he make iaqui r7
into the eauae of th e to.,dition ot 1\naacial baok.ruptcy al l tbrwgb oatioa,
:~:r:~~h::'!:~~~~::~e t~:~~ ~~o~!2 ~~~
alate and e_ity_.- - -
eo ng rcu;.en, an:
LONG HOURS fORCE'WALK-OOJ
a ' r~gttlati~n
" liie
~~:•;r~~wn :::u:;'~:: k~:u.crFloa~
hcr?-yu-but with her head down I
The thipowners ' "rraincd • ilent!
What lh~ll be; done for the p.auengcrt? Lifeboat., whieh ride nl.,ly
ove r the wavu when b1n~\cd by altillcd J.clmcn, ""' ' · onr whtch eve;ry tea
wuhu? Life p ruervert, that ..a"ro wn
(A. F. ot L. lAtter. )
Atla~tt.a, Oa.-" It '• limpl7 a 1trikar.
bf.c,auH we eouldn 't ataad tbe fltt" •
boun ' •ork d11 that had beu ~o•d ...
ott u• f or t ha Jut •i.J: IIIOIIti.. We u,..
~ worltl~g frt>ID i i11 tie lllonu_-.
t•ll 10 • ,t "'ght, •lth Do Aop for dlaa e,r. It 1 more tia11 •c eaa ~."
~~~~:~:!~~~a~~~-=:~ r:-c:;;:k~::h~~~:~~ ~a::'::!~ !:~~ ~!. ~:~~~. g\~o::: t!: !io::,i~~~~~· :::!;d::r:::-:ro~ ~~~.::~ i~v:~~:!. t~;; ~:~lhitp':~ :!:~~::.·
~~re -:~~:::::
=t i::~::Os~=:r :k¥&~~=~ J:.=~d~
Ameri= ~eel:~~~~~~~~ ~~~laa:c!::e,::~d !::;~oi.~:~ ::ut!:e ~~~7 .,!~;:-;::~ ~i~r-~: ~.to.!:~~~:e:~u;m f~:;· ~~~~~~~r:--" zl~~
Su- :•.:::_ ~=~~~~:
:-:a
d7:tli:!::
..
:f
bet•'u points ill tba State, bill lie
lo
d ~·; ·11117 utire)r ~
1 ';
on:J.I'ed ~ MIOODI N:ltlab eloald
11. ~qo.: ho. l"'pp'eM U
11
lUoUJit••t tlla d._tldod diatriet.
aa
•• te tlt.-Jy. nd 0 t 111
A~ alllp~ Ia Yiolatloa ot 1tb otdu,
L Bttt ~~
It a dtdat~ WO!lld bl ~tea.
tll t th• mm... ot ~
lilrL Alill• 'X.truty, ~dut of tb• ::::'
a•a.kcoed to uu. taq 1«.
~ee Leafue, ui " ' ~ tlo.a •
•
1• ~~ Lo4low,
ttee
t~t
•••
L.
~
•
·L
1
::.:=::nned ao.i..
t='•
•
a:
•o:
I
:W
w:
-plo71d ill Tolotdo laudrlu reeei YC is rtelt ud la heii.Ual ud Ilia f ort1111e
. _ U.U fCI a week. Tltoe L&u.ndr.)' Work- lou bee~~ made ia lluieo.
'
e : =· :,.
.
Two more Getman journlisll heve
en ' Ua.loo hu !!iO mtmbeta, and dlortl
' 'It wu tH ooly ,...1 to treat U.em., bttn t.cot to pri101:1 for iDstt ltin r. the
'trill be macJ• to ll:roc rea_- the 111emh<!r- he .a.! d. "No• u4 t1tea
of
Crow? Prin«:.'
aklp to 1,000. Tilt 1111 \0il'l agrecma11t 1f1Mlld pt druak 011 rt~T naci Ia 'ba_- . - - witlt proprietor. up~ ~Y l , a.ad a pico. 1 foo.ad w bllt ,...; to do ..,..
Ttat paper ,..on wi.U . •tart caU1111
•!"" coat,.e;t wu 111buutted, ea!li111' for
'
·
011 th• U.lll; •n ~~ pepen. Bud
a M-llollf ~ a~d i"~ . .,es.
;_
~ _ - i.
111 "om;~.,
. .
eome
-... .
.
t);_
.
.
the mein time the Clltire
men'a Bill. with iu gcnen l p rovi1io01
rduing to the eu.far ing men in partk:ulu, rema in• 1 prif<lner within the
walls of the o:omm~tttt
Iuw~ly
beea11H the - - . , ta U. t."bt Uae puuoa:cn ou~rht to be p roper l7 aafecua rded. \Vhat an t\e pauuren
doiar abotl~~h.is? The 11'~1 majori17
rpom
.
~
t::::-;
I!OIIIplied wkb 111d tlo.a wlllkou.t foiJcnr. ,
~lO'J' el!.ti&Je are .ot lae.liaod ~
npoa a ~~~011.r day u lUI_,_
&ad
q11oted
-n.., thiJ e_ . . . ,
eel
loe~k
are
, Hear. R. 8telJ1e~ on Haym~rket Tra~dy - - .Qoh.Jm.bia.!urn Hall-, Sunday~ May 1.
.
. \
.
.
;;-
'
u
c• tH strik•: "'ne-.. eu do •
tll.7 pl~ U tlle7 wut \41 qu.it, W
the q.ut. .A. to th
..,.. •'" ~- to •1 aob\lt ,~t." ·
••klac -...
�~~.{Social
--;:-~ aot 01111
• tlle leW of pror-pada; hilt ue
ad&pt'-1 ttr.e>Uel..._ to edoeet1111 ~e
pabUe fro·t~t; bellid tae tootliabu..
'ney are fol•t to prod..«' P~18
w kldo d oe rullq elau g,., tried to
.v.pptftfl; ead .. a v.ouel t\inl( w\at
n lirog d . . Hf'Uft to eedone, u.DIIot
I'll ,.uy tar beeau~~etbe1 ere ~e de•
i.apowu.
Tlleir lint produet\011 will be Thle11'1
,...., J>lay, "O b01te." Xo doubt there
e:r• ...~ ry few Socialist. i11 H~l•~"··l
wllo ha•·t, eot b-eard of lle11rlk JbMa,
en d tken IM!Iml to be greet lato:r..t
e;llawro iatbit undertakl11g.
'' Gh00111"' iJ one of the play• tllat
tlle working due 1boul d .,tend atudy
becau.. it deal• with tlo.e modera
problema of lift. It deaL• wltk a womea
wh m~rritMl a · fallen man &(!tlnet her
will 011 accouat or f'<:o'nomie
A!ttr 1 ys1of merrit~<lllfe,
d.cidn to lea"e bin>. She does
lliotbrougbtheiulluenceof
ihat •hereturna.
b..,
...,_.,
__
· OOL:UMaU~ TURN HALL,
Under ~'au~Floio al. tbc Eut Si&lci...Uor L , _ ADII
. . • llnDcb One,~~· .
i;;<,.,,;,T..
THE CLOSING OftHE SUMM[R BEn
TELIPH~NE DIRECTORY
The nat "thll moot
thll yur on Ma.y 20th.
Al•·inJ.:". tb~ m<'>!bt•r. i~ pl11~·etl
•·• tl,..rin,• HodonlOD •I; U»<"lll•l. ber
Mr o,
I·~·
•vn.
lo.•·
.l11e~
n.
5COJ>k (u\vrs of ~uch rX11e ric n cu. In
··hJ•tn~ Sh. Hu~U l•Y• J....
fvrc the rc;ulrr no ··o verwro ught talc""
lout unr surh h will rc:ld like a wondcr ~'"'Y 10 mindl :lccustomcd tO th <"
<lu•ctrr and ills disturbed currcotl oi
c <ornUHIIl Iii<".
:\11 thr ambition• o f the ucW~I!JJ>Cr
m:ln; his difficult b<!ginnings. hi1
allt-lllflU, his first 511Cccs,.,l.
·May II a iJjg business month. It
1
The steps It will save, tbc convenknu d thllmoot
useful servant during tbc hot wutbcr, will rcp~y
the small cost manr times over.
.
Jibt tdl the man of your family. to s1fn that conThan your name will . _ . ln tbc
tli•hl'art coing (llilur eoo. hi• ''o•ah.''
firJt h:>nd acqu11intancu ..·ith the
tract today.
new~
th~ ,o~n·ar~t,
hne srt down f;li thfulh·. .\nd then
1·.•· ' •· '" .!a· ~hu •nll.. ,,.,,J En11•trautl, thetc is the dc;H sympa;hctic S\Of)" of
till' ·· ~q ·o•lltt'r. h.•· Wtli•Dm .1. B.,I!Qn.
H:l)"m:lrk<:t Rim in Chicago. se tTho- ft<hnl,il<>n to the !'l~y i1 m•de 10 1 ·
a cl o uht aot! contro•·eny,
~0,.)
has always
H thuc's <v<r a susan, ~ Houxw!fc, wbcn
you IJf<(l Bdl Savlcc, It's the Summa time.
I
liAT Jof; thr mini•h•r, undtrl)·ing factors o f cxi5tcnce. :lfC
l·.•· !fJr,l<l U J.,,,.;, lt••)!H> R.
..:.m c:looc
seemed that everyooc wantl tdepbaie just
about thll time. To me<t thll rush ol business.....,
have made thll ~t ~ ollcr you 10 dayo
~ to cct your name: ln tbc Summa Bdl-Book.-
•il<l•"""
1
,
.,;;-preYioua yWs It has been <Uilomary to c:looc
t!J< Summa laiJue OD May lOth.
. .
.
ehtd f'<:idee to,..,n •lhima"·a.Y
110tto jri\"1: him an e n•·i ron mf!nt _".:lo.ieh
ceo hin.le r him iu hie fut ure 11ii"der· 1
takin~ •· Thr 11011 it hpt awey froiD
hi~ hnmf' for O\"et tw enty ;rnr1 and
Th~ Ul:lll)"·eh:unhcrcd mind of
It foret- •1 to eOml' lwme through 1.11 IlL· Jo;,t ..·• rol H11....,1\ b:u gh"l'n us
aea whi .. h ht- tbinkt bt hat btOUJ:M mo re im~rt5tin~: tb:r.n ""Thc1c S hH<;o gJmo<;og
uron bim,.,lf, but is tully a dilleiiMI in· Scenes."" :l ,.,.Junoc in which the p:lft
hcri tf'd fro111 hit fllher, Af t..r bit...,. cxp<ric nc rt of it5 :luthor in the nc.wst-urn homf' ke fin tl• out thllt Htj!"illl., • p:P.J>n iichlarr sd forth in the k:llidc -
aer\"allt lro the house • .rho. h~ th iok~.
U. the daughter pf a poor .. ouuuy c11r·
pentcr, r~ally it hit•i•ter .
Tbt t-Idt<!mful of all thi• end other
im)>()rt>lnl fc11!Url't bring the rMult of
hi~ oli•<'""f'· which i8 owf t•·nin~ of tb c
brein. n il tb~ 1oon~r.
Th e play io • ,.,.,_,. int .. rc~ting one
and .ho..,·p tlw t•'h,.lloon of ,..oman
again~! all ~"l"'rstition an.\ ignor:>ncf.
uidulliook
Rtmcmher tbe date, May lOib.
Tbr. 21st will be too late.
~;···~":·.,.::~y~ll~~:~"~:.~:~: nom ina;ions of 0 ~:l'!'~id:~~:ur~~eh~~~
:!; ~·~:;·:!: 7;~~~oi!<>~~:.,.~~~fit of ~~;;id:,~:~~ :~.:~ch~~~~d~~~;;c~~~~~~ lea~~dc:::i::!:n c~;;t ;~o1~dl!::
;:',/'
L~
late<\;,~:,~::; ~~:rc~~~~n"':~~a:::~ ~:.~~;~ j::~ !:pa~:;ri~~~-~~ hl\"en't uyl •••c:::-;c·;_:;:.;;;; __,;;· c_;;o·,c::oc:::
::~:~";;;~.~~~:: :~~~:~:: ~;::;; .
a talk on the "":\d~an tagc of :\d\"anccd
Educ3tion."" John Chuc o f th e N. s.
;t~::.~~:7c~~tt~e:t~~: f:~c.;:·~,. 1 ~ 9 ~i';~
is
l ihl)· i1 will be
""" ::~.;~S.j. ~:;if·.~!-~~
, :
fa~t~~d/hdr
hu:lll ..
infc rencu in
~:,••i:~J>iriag
book of
;;.~~. ;:g~~;;2~~:~t·'~~·=~= 1~01; I.:;,,,_--"_-_-;·:;._:-:.·:,·;;·:
al ~
d lh
t (f bold t
.,.;t~, the ~d~t~ns.
In
~~e
k "t
1P" me " 1 go
New York
Telephone
:;--;;::: ·.:_•••-::•
Co.
Td.,o"'-llulldloc ·
Ouach & PW>kllo Stnom.
J:•mJ•blet. ;' ":rldltioll;i ac;pia o«io, ..... . a.:....i
i~:ub~::~dyl:!t',h~h~c:;;:~ ~:,7:"'''r:~.!~r"~di'~'~:i11~=~b:1,,~e~
.. A
$}3{)
• •
~
form.'' there i• an o~ ~ge ~bat
11nail• enrry paaserh;r ill tha10 words.
•' The rommiuit>u doartu '1 lll etltM it
26.c/ TRAbE MARK
Q~o~ ~=M=a=y===
Until~
12th
Gr<!tll in tern~ I• bclnjl: ~bo'OI"n ill
Jllly, ••Tbe Woman of the " '"''•"le"";""'
whlch,..lll i,lf!l"-ntetlbythe
People'• 8od1liJt [...,a gue a l l.a
aine Jillll, corucr t:.Jt l"tiu
j'luct oltreefe, ~~~~· Hth. Thr
wrijl"h t l1. Willilun t'Tlln~i • !
'OI"ell -kno.rn J><><"t, aut hor 1111~
A number of tl'hur•alo hiH"c l-n
h~lJ
AU
DCW pattcms
thil
IIUIOD.
In ~- Sola, Oak Sola,
or · the. ·. cdil.atcd J:>ou&Jt
mo•"f!IDeD tt.
1'11e!•lotlllngn aroulldth lo •·eof
an •rDtoer11tie youug mill for 1 young
,jbl.,.holl,..,,,.muchi ~- ia tbe
..,,.';,~~~:.r;:~~;,~:
. of 1~
in: ·t be ....,
•f l'lltertllillmf!ll
Come· &.Dd
i
yov fri<'nds. , e t icket• ere
udtube
urtdettke>-d quu•,"' i•·•>«.
War.NIAGARA SOLES.
Mea·~ a...'
and Little Ga.a'
Scout Sboa; in &uttoa 01'
.....
cobr, .... lolack,·
~ ·orcboc:olatt ; Elk:Sola
or Niarara Double W'Al'·
Sola'-
. llany wouw.n d~rka
the Botton offiet-1 o f
Hrw H..-flt & Hartford
foiaU!c the Brotherhood
H•••T i-'"'"'"
of . .
Ocrb. whicl hu ~ci~d to admit
mcmbcr5hip
woman worki111 ·
"""r}'
tlld
..
aum._
P.&%aOJnZII
00.
--;,;,.,;,rDI_I::_~~~~~~~~=
~;;:::
AJ
�AND
i.MOTHYHOOD
I
.
wliat Sbabrism ri? Pcrfcctloalsm? Do you lmoW .
that much '""" cl Soc:ialbm Is. hued upon the uttEranca oi Anarcl>lstCommunlml Can you tdl why even such rcpracntat!vc Soc:l&llm u Bcbd
canoot be ~ u ccmmltlnr the Party to any p>altion bearing upon the ·m.url,ore rdatloo ?· AD thea quat1ooa arc ansWercdin "Socialism and Mothcrbood."
If you canoot ~ iny·cif !f- qucstioos you need this book.
"' ' Baoarian Hall ·
at
Sociali.sm and'- Motherhood is on Sale Headquarters, Teck Thr.ater B~.; or mail MoneyOrder or Stamp and book will be mailed postpaid.
,_ .JOHI\I UNVERZART
: .
~
s..,lt,I(H• . ,
.
?78 BJ'OI.IDOI'eSt.•.oor.BMd
·-.a..IIOW'AIIDIIII ...
Do' Y"'! .maw
'PI!Cili11JQt ...fl
• -oo'T'O-'
PRICE 80 CENtS
.
(CLOTH BOUND)
· Alllt!Lt• lind •ubtoo_l:lbe f'or the
ArfJetttr~Eethtttg~
TM DliiT Gennu oews~P. ba Ut• .....011tdd1 of Nnr York Chy, repn-~U~r the lnt.reet of tbe Worklq a... - 110 oeo• for ~ moa\hl,
' OIIkc.315-317~St.eet· ;'
• Buffalo,N. Y.
CORRECT STYLES FOR 1914
P! RICES $2.00 TO $4.50
1111 Si50 SIIOIX llf Til liST
TIIATIIOill £All lilY, 1.11 IQIE
.I ~
D.-·
.
~
Up 8talr8
......... .lnllll
C/dlollt If.teNt ..t/1 R..ai,..
.-w.,.,_,w
Flue Jewelry RepairinJ:
'240 Terra~ Buffalo. N . Y
Bd'Wftrd S. Pranke
Plumbing &
..u.Ptkii'IB
Gas Fitting
r:;..,_,.,s,,
,,~ •
~ArzKmn.
OF
ILUIAoBIIJINT,
"'"""'-'n""·
me.
.,.
SprJ.ng Suits
Cop Coats
Balmacaans
Up M \be mloate ~JIM, ,ood,
hODeH IUI4 ..,..re~lttlag qaall·
delqdlGwerthaD eltewberelo
'prtoe la Ule SLOGAN tor our
B!Wiq Olot.blnc.
We are ebo•· .
1J1f a.,.., IU,e aD4 oomprehen·
alft~II.&CIIf!JlMI$
"
$10,$12,-$15, $18add $20
AU IIIII LAIEL .
JIIH Sprlq B•fl,
. Stlifo,
Eft.
an,
TIE ,E,irffiPRISE
TWO . . . . . . . .
891495 ,.,.,., St:
·luo .,,_,St.
UP-STAIRS
RENT MEANS
ASAVING
TO YOU
56 Seneca Street
Q. ARMENANTE
.
OOR CllfAP
(Seal)
•
S•ora 10 aod nbeeriWd hd'on - tbi4 escJ daJ of llarda, lilt.
LBV ANT D . .LJBTER.
.
,
NoW"J E»Ue ia nd tor.
Coat,.'\! Em, kate ot
T•l<.
�-'W'. P. CATTWU..,.....-.._
TBCX 'T'HKATUIIUILDING, . . . .ALO, N. V.
~ Ptb $lAO,_,_,. 1b ..............
•
Ia-+--
J
~
slanJ!r::
~:~~nig~~er-=~~r~ta~~m-,--"·:,,· · - ;-_,•--;c;·---
,...eek llrain11'' in their rc£erence11 t o
mllllt do 110 li~ain . It miKht he po&~~ihle
to
of it1 r eaders mo1t of the time but the majority get wi!W
awhile.
The :\l ay Day Cf'lt bration a nd parade of
~~~:n::yu~:da~~t ~·i~en:,~i~~eu~r~?! ~·,~i~~~:;~~~~e:;t a -,, _____ _: .::-,,__ ,
sh owing dearly hi11 biased opinion.
The poor intoxic11t ed boob Ktnrls out to s11y thlit
to begin at i o 'dock, and that the r e werl' only 1
at that time. H e wa11 for t y -five mi nutl'li aht•a1l
jl).1ta1 euily haYe Ll'en thrf'e houTKIIit t• •~>lfll r aa
what the t ime wa11. lie wn~ lh•:o<t to m won11e ioua.
under a hca\·~· loftd. ·
H e &I"H'IIkl of t h,.. "'uth1·r h~tl f'" "' from the cu rbtilone11
autOK, o ut to sN· the· r....t flnl:ll'•' l'!'. ,;milt·d as the motley a rmy flied
Yt!ll. "' mot lo•y" ~·1•11 bko·. hut lot•lio•\"l' u~. 1111)' one in
&Tmy' ' eoulol not It'll mor.. Hhout wh11t i11 going on in ~thi11
t han Ill' ltuo"'f ; tlwn w.· npolo~i7.t• for them.
JJ,> lil'l'llks of t hf' "" host il ... tlo•monflt r ation' ' of a crp\\·d
with n lo•um•·r l11lwl•·d "":\J•t i.Suc inlisl,li." \\'1! bet he and
outlit k llt'W 111! Hhoul !lull li ttl t " do•w o n!ltflltion"- most ·
up nt lho• r.·cnlHr m•·o·ti_nc t•f tht· Knij!htll of l"olumbus.
OWII!J.! to Ill•• Nl ll<) ltlfl ll of tho: writt•r WI' might O\'cr look 1
1~o~ m igh t ,;uy. !Jut thd•· i,; nLsoluto·ly 110 t-XC\111' for t hl:' Nlitor
it.
if
if
dull '
SQU.EEZING SMALL BUSINESS
llltl~lt·r with h~u1i11o:SST"
.
.
fo~~-tbbf.:f \:: .;:~~":b;~~pUI~::
1111111~· of t il{' eoeltroach busml~ :.~: ;~·; :d;,~•·:i:~;
~lit' llt;kH tht· o_t ht·r , Rnd h·· k11nW11 a11 hu h• "?out _tht> cauHt as h1a i• baudieep1..m by bf,i"i two
··\\'hat"!! t ilt'
w:::,".:;• ,_.;,,_ 1.,,,, 1,.
men ~~i:hii~ ~\'~,:!.n•·s1to11 on tho• hps or
quelit tom•r . Sonwtii!H'II 0 111! of tht'm lli>!illlnt.'li a Wllf" a1r and 911)'11 that miln from the home of t ht
it i11 the tariff, alltl a11 iOOOII 118 it lft' ll! t o wotking r ight bullinell..~ will 1
bt'gin to boom. Anotlwr will put hi11 thn111b1 in his \'t!fit
·-•, ,-----
~~~~~~~ 1!~. ~:~~o·~;::~rl:~:;•~llltl~:::slt~:~:t.1 :~~~~~~!c~h:.r~ho--
1
d emand ing sm·h lligh w11geil that the j)OOr b u1inr11.11 man
out all t h,. moue~· to lho: me n , thereb~· pre\·enting hiu1 from 1
more yacht11, ilut.,mohilcK Hntl eountr~- housea. which a eo:ording to
idea ill making mor e work for the wor kt-r.
Of COUI'lie tOO lldtll)" "agiht!Onl it> IUlOther {'XC\15£' that fitl
anywlu.•re.
:\e n ·r once tlo theMe •· wit;••'' hu)ii ne" men Ill t e mpt to'
bottom o f t he "lou~i ne11s" system to· find out t he ~eal cau~e.
the~· run .rouml hke 11 lot o f Kl uck _bO!!II .IMJUeah ng the1r hcad11
abou.}.b:h:.~~~~:~:~l1-nhi~:f' d~~~th0 o~ 1!t~~~~~e:he smaJI busi~ess mep
ill too good fo r _th~ S:ocialiMO!. ami while the Buffalo Soei&liit• r ealized
duDe Dotbbr. lt wu our hol'e that
t bi• w~klr at.atftii&Dt ot "our d~o•l•·i'"'''-
~7~~ ~~=~.:l!:t i•,t:r;:e:~e11
· •erribc-rah.i: It Ilea •;ot
tha~ ra~t . a nd Socuillllll kn ow t h11t 1111 la \\:s.pa.u£>d under t he
.
11 it ;1 1101 produeth•e o( ~Iter
eaplt&IUII SJKiem are. at bt.:t>l; only of 11 palhtl\·e OlllUrt'. ye~ Wf" J~mted ID the hhont we 11111 111 well
out what would he most l1kely to hiiJlpt•n to s mall busmeAS If tbe tiDoe it ud r-etur:a 10
currency bill wa..~ past;cd.
.
Jlow eftlly it wus for the lounkefl to get
eh11mbe!"'ll u f commer ce a ll o\"t'r t.he
eouutr~·.
fell for tlu: gold brick like a lot of ffl.rmen~.
uhd for the ir influence to he iJl ge t thy bill
t ered to the nry hf'ight. ne,·c r drt•HminJ.r of wbat it
The cu rn.nc~- hill ·wall 'lai\Jicd, and ahnO£t
financial eapitalis b; bc~an to withdraw from the
indurtries. Tht'y hlid no furt her llt'i'd t u OOther
running p roduci ng euru~ern&, all t hey ha,·e to do
the fiiiHIICeti. IUid t hey Kte luwdlinl! thl':tn in such a
nate a.ll e lse but that which J,ri u~ in J.rood p rofit for
)Jueb of t he ~>mall g r a·ft of !he cockroach bu sin e81i
a t hing of the past.
eeu~": r:;~:~· ~d'~ii:a~~~ ;:~r~,,~~~aen~:.~k.~~ ~b~hia
th6DT~oe ~i;n~:=ii:!s";~~~~~~~~~o!h-:u~l :;~b~~ir buai!'etll
u.,
lkltnll·~ u tiM. &UWft"
OH. TM.-IIaey..,..
prolt., .... ~.,.....~
ia getting the rt'tlullll now.
• Thi.J pa)wr 11.11d th~ Socialist preM throughout the country
ahOWD lhf' t.eMiblf' t'.)l l'lll Of Ulli!.ffiJJlO)'tnent thr~mghout the! )and,
the e.pitalist p retlli. i1111tead of !t-Iling the truth of the situation,
wobbled penistently: in the news columna dtpicting .....crime
J':rv!~"wf:':;: ~'ittin~~':~-~1~~- te~ling the people that there is a ·
You boainea men who M lie\·e t hat we ha,·e
'aDd poor, and alwa~·· will ; you who believf' i&at
ud nenr ehan&"e.. and ,that it -i1 all right that
and othtn alaves ; you who hl\'e had a taste
eDOUcb to lin on at Ieut decently- ARE YOU
OOME SLAVESf
That a. j111t whf're ~·ou are hud.in&" for. I
W:Ut doet your paltry few thouMJid. of doUar. mean
uUUiou are Dece.ar)"' to ...Y in the buioea~ world f
For .1oac sleepus the. iW~Il busioet~ men baye it all o•~r . JOIPI '"Van Vinkle. They are ft!ty yeara behind the times.
I
.-,...auwtuu..•-~·
wiUbtO..-.tlt.. B•·
~ ' - - ltU pntta.
MonJr a.. will .-..1-
f....,..,...llia.....
/- I
.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
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en
Identifier
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-05-09
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-05-09
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n101_19140509
Date Created
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2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n101
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Militia Guilty of Murder
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9466f442060d72cc4a545c82aa4a019c.pdf
32453540cb425fbb313cdc8c139d41d7
PDF Text
Text
l.()()KATTHJ!- OF
YOUR ADDIUISS I..AIEL
IP IT IS .
-
101
.
.
"YOUR SUBSdUP'noN EltPIRI!S NI!XT 1FIIIK
•
Pric{.Two Ccna
COLORADO
TUGMEN DISCHARGED .
FOR OBEYING THE LAW
Capitalist Class Try to Evade Law in Regard to
Working Hours of Men- Expect Them to Sleep
in Hold of Boat Six Hours and Work Six - No
Chance for Esca!'< if Accident Happens.
Tools of Capitalist Class Commit Murder in
of " Law and Order" While Man to Blame Sits
Luxury Far Away From Danger.
Women and Children
Victims of Sold
THE
BITU~TION
VoP ..
IN COLORADO
~t ::.~~::, ~:...":.~~ ,._..,.
KAN'BAS CITY, Mo.- Our tent oolony at Ludlow wu bUI'IIed
1.o the ground. Mare lh&n t wenty women and Uttle children ud
ICOret of men were murdered by coal company guards &nd the
&tate militia.
Muy o! the women and children were cremated in the btlJ"'Itng
t;::U~:O~~a.:';~rtn.y
the Colorado aitU&tion.
The aulm.dhed militia &nd gu.anb tbrea.t.en to kill fi'IMY .man
wom&n and chlld in the tent oolonin.
Thtl'minn. are defending t.hemHlves u belt they ean.
Tbe lituation in Mexico il oile hued on property rigbtJ ; our
conai~ in ColonLdo is hued on hllliWI right&.
Aa usual, our capitalist government U more oonoerued a.bout
property r;,hta than about human rigbta.
Let t.lie working cluJ or the nation reaolve that the minen
of Colorado ahall not be crucified on t.be crou ot greed.
W l1ile thf' f'r uiil rnl n f th"
l'uu ..
JI
r~~:1~n.:1:(~;,·1l~i~£~ ~~~~~7o~:.:.t;:~.k:~~~ UNE Of MARCH FOR THE
worlh.Y !-Co.~nob•· .,-honl !o•M <'Iwr to mut
olfr th<' wl•·~• '•n•l • h ilolro•11 nf tlw •tr<lr.
iug mlnrr• of t:nh.otll•l" '""'"'"" in l
tb~h hl(><>oll hitll .. wutk
Thr liHI uf ,;,orr A~• :i•u r H iuo nl
b l l<' 1,,... , ln111 in tbr n11l wa r n t tbo
1ni11,.. than " ' th~ hnrllt·~·l Ill' " ' Mr on
I
~;:.::~~:·n ly;~, •::~1 ':,.,.~b •;, ;~·~:;~~ .~':
u \ar to l•h~ r~ il'llo) l 'o l<>rn. ol" In "' " I' the
wtlrlr. nf th r • nuo•hlot rnrhn• n f that
MAY DAX PA~
The parade will form bl trnnt of
theC1ty H..U •t 7;SO P.M., a.o4 at
prompUJ 7;U P . M. will proCet4 np
W eat E11le strett to lb.b:l atrtet.
onr M&1D meet to CbJp,..-a .tnle\,
Chippe•& lb'eet to Del&W..._ &VI!OUI,
o.t. .u• aveune to C4WV11 1rtnet,
•114 Cd.w&ni 1trtet to the ElJisW'OOd
M ll.ldc B&.ll..
Order
cr M&rchiq.
Sd.Dt.& 'l Band.
Braoctr. 1
Branch 2
Brandl s
. ...,..
llr&ecb •
hconcl Dh1&lonlt.&li&D Bruch. a.nd Drum Oorp1
Youna Peopl•'• Bod..u.t Leape
.......
......,.,,_
Bruch 7
.
1'1m111h:Bnll.ctr.
Bnll.ctr. t, Bldiou 1
...............
Bta.llclal,a.ctiou 2
VICTOR L. BERGER
F ormer Congressman from Milwaukee,· W is., will ~the Speaker at the Big International
May Day Celebration at Elmwood Music Hall on Friday, May ht.
MAY DAY IN BUFFALO
CATHOUC.S ADOPT ANARCHIST
METHODS TO BREAK UP MEETING
�...,. .........
ollf-
---ou.-
S2.51. SU5, U, SC
AJ .............. ~
. . .bc ................
Wcu NIAGARA SOLIS.
............ ""' Uldc Gcoto'
Sooot In bu- ..
lac<J ....... ..... l1b<k.
dkorc.bocofatc.J . !lk Soa.
~ NApra DouWc. Wca
Sola- '
SUi9, SUI S2.50,
$2.85,
suo .
BUFFALO SHOE 00.
SENECA AND ELLICOTT BTRE~
MabnoiSolldl.ulhu$boG. O,..Sat-y
Nlaliu-tll ·-
A:..tat. and eubeorlbe fbr the
·
AriJetter~:settung.
Th• Oil!r·GermaaMwtpl,pfflo._ .... oolllkteollC. . T.-k Oq; ......2
M11tl-r t.1Mo lac.nl& of 1M Worlr;laf en... - 10--ht I__..
OUic<. 315-SI7
c;..,;_ s-t
- · Bu1b1o. N.Y.
�*IU.NOW'A.&OI111 •M
I"ROI'fTl&aiPoNtl
-ooTO-
LOUIS MAISEL .
J.,.tt.,..,
C•~t1, 0/1 CIHM_
.s,_ Alo.,.. ,.,..~.,.,., ,__,,
, _ ,;;ct.. : ·:·.. :.:c.
;,;-,,.-;r..;;-;;~,;;~;: 1 "'""''
.uc~ ·.c.,.,.~.
" UlCTURI!. I!.Y
965-967 BROA.D'WAT
are not l i
So r do we·
h.ft..: Ball, ..... ,. 14. Fr•u•tl ar 2SH4
~?~':"-~,
•::::::,It;."' ~~~~~~~~~011P::w111
•Y~'""'· dr.an ·IIP w~ •• abatolutel1 ,.,....
~
"-aaiii..,M Froftf.lar21481
,......., rft...,. ... e.Mrft
IIEIUI, ILOCIE CD.
Pun•ral Dlreotora
·C:.O...P~S..o.lla...-
O,...O.r.-.N IOio\.
-or -•I...L.a..to.u
-~·
• t..
.....___
.1blt ,.,
~'1 lo hellltb :ud a df'gr~ee
'FI•Hr
~~
·
a
th<" ltiKIIIime H'l u• ,]o
l itt l~
d•••u oin K of our "'"'· l.rt tb. ~um in lt
;:~ ~: ..~~~~.;.~~;!~~/' : ..~~:.:'~·;:
W!p ia CLt:!SISG
DlSTRJBUTERS
Yroatl•r ~~
803 WILLIAM STR EET
PRESCRIP riONS F"IL..L£0 A T
Ul '
..
.. ~
A BeU telephone instaUcQ in your home now
will go far to insure your family's comfort
this Summer.
u.
I I.
Br all mN o• II~IJ• ia tit.. ., unkiJ>Il l \ .i .
:£~~:::!:~ir:r£:~";D~:,~;,..~~~;~:
~ w tr
It's a wonderfullitt1c step and time saver and
makes it so easy . to keep in touch with aU
your friends anywhere.
lr..
I!U ""<'wa.L Look up tb.. mall •hom
Your name will appear in the Summer fku
Director-y, which closes soon, if you let us
have that contract today.
3~J Wllll.tlP Str ee t .',:.. ~·.~!~~:.;:~. ~;n;;,::,d.,.=• li:! : '""; ' 1 ~-
u 4/'se•'"of
tbt 1\11
1 IJ
BVUUMca-C..\a,uutT
PETER KLIPPEL
,_eu,.,.,,.
---------
.1/IA.,.,.St.
.,_.••
I!:VERYBOVY WIU.COWB
T il E liYtS·
th~unn a nd JlromiAPd to ouM<Iriboo lat ....
ARE MA!ll! RJGHT
N... e..........t • IIIR•<l'"' l"""lllo Booltho "TONGVUOPTOlL"
Your Warm Weather
Comfort Now
10.
Zackheim's Pharmacy ;~~::.1 ""t.!~ ·~i':..;;t;, •:;',;-...:t~~~ ~ ~&0TB PHONES
TUJIIcH~:u .~~:.~ ~RS:,~:'"' ollhe
O..W,.U..~
ADMUS.Iotf I"RI!J!I
fatbf't11 ''
fRANCO.SWISS CHOCOlATES :1.r·:.··rz..~a!::;_:,7~:~~~:'::t~ ..:,d
Queen1Cr; 'C~;dy Co. ::ii~;~.~~~·;;"~7iJ;:~';~~{~b :f
~1!. H owo.rd JS'll-lol :
il llw
noon·
o.... .,, tb., 11 .., ""'·ntilll• or riNnli ·
a.... iltiHo ,.,.UQ.tiollth&t Wf au• i
I .M u• boo glad th.lt our
i
h&Yt~ a•akell,..\ to that
.
il ..,m,'lbi"lt t<J lr11o•. tuo, th.lt thfor
I
i~ thr nl'ftWitr for <:<>-<>JM!rati<JII br
•bole Joeo ple.. SoliN' dr.1 we "'*1
ablf.lo<"OPYiacet.hemthatif co-oJ"' ra •
Tou a i• g<)Od ooe•tdl; ia!bey.,. r it
~~=~!I to Lto good ll.tl1 ·1wo •~du ia tbf
Caplots 1ct Cnam • In
, .,.. if1111
rtlfltlflftr
q{
WD.UAM fUIIaS BAUARD, the noted lect urer and a uthor
Sunday Attcr noon 9 Muy 3 rd 0 ot :ll30 o•clock
It
yuu
c~lfobrat<' . Bodali•l
~lea11 · up
~~~~- ··(!;;~"·uS' ;::~~:"~~n-~"!:~~ :~
Hl.
•Ill ~ up the old political J*rfie., !0
~•pt"'~~' tlwo llO•cmOH:ot a1>d fl" Buf·
falo •ocb a r..,_U ·UJ• th.lt tlw p!!Ople will
~7.~:: . •~~:aio •~Mo '" tbe p~at
toll·
Ot-rn "' e..,.n·UJI """"lr'' i• tlw o r·
:,~~··~ · r~~t~~a~~.:., "";:,;.,;~~i"~.;_m. F.~~
.:.~:-~ra~i~~.a~~:~:po~t·~:
It may cost less than
you think.
:!t.
:!e.
:.':'; ;~:
New York
Telephone Co.
T clcpbooe Buildinr
OluK.b &: Frao\.Iin Streets.
Q. A R M ' E N A N T E
........_!lftlll
-·-
Cldlal/lllt"_ _ ...,,...,,....
BULLETT'S SHOES
Ftne Jewelry Rep&irin&
Spl'lng Suits
top Coats
Balmacaans
.,.lei,
ti p to &1M !»11111\e
(OOd;
taoo.n aod __,...Neietla( qUll·
del aDd Joww daaD ellewben lD
pilce It lbtl SLOG~ for 011!"
Bpr\ac Olo&bl~.
We are t ho•·
lDc" a.,.., lup u4 oosapreDn·
.. "~.llt)'ltJ1M•t
$!fi,·$1S and $20
!U 11101 LAIEL
RIH
~,., ~,..
Sbl~. elf., e~.
s,.,
TIE EIJEIPIISE
TWO ln'Q~\oo
19149J · - $1.
OORREOT STYLES FOR 1814
PRICES ~.00 TO $4.50
N.Y
··:
IHII 3tffriH• $1;
riOII·IIIIiOII al>o~, while ill
Newark, N. J ., their plallt..
Dl>d...-.triet allloacoadi·
Pou ld t hat btl~- Why
feuorganlz.f!dlabo r iDWtll·
apilllt U.
eitiHaad• hytllould t~ybe
t o dlteri mlute
el~ f
A SHOE WJTHOUT
COMPETITION
�WHY THE UNEMPLOYED?
W•-r•• ynu ,.,.,.rout of
11.
joh 1111d '' bruke' ' T
~o T
Tht!ll .1""11 do unt kno w the gr..ntt'st s.•t!SI!t ion of t he capitAlis t
r;y~b·m .
1!'11 lik,· t h i~.
\\' lwn ~·ou flto.' luid off you han • 11 few d ollan1 that
you IIIIHIII ~l'tl t o hitl r from lhl' e11 p ihll ist dRIUI, a mi you thin'k t h 11t
it wi ll t id•• you 0\:t- r until you Rtriko· r.ouwthiu!o('. Yo u lil& rt ont
!hf' idPn that yon will look for sOIIlf"thin!o(' ht•ller than the
ami 11fte r sPn•rnl e ffort!< you think you will bf' satisfied to go
at t he old busine&!i-nothing doing just· now, things very quiet.
you can 't expect the prorrif'tors to oUIII someone else to gh·e you a
job. Mont>y iA Jrllltin~Z low now. and you decide to take any o~d thing
you <'811 gtt l~ld of. ''"yon keep on the downward !'ltretcb yon find
1.• your~· 0 Wll " " ''' ; '' " '
that peoplt> li'a'''' hef'n fooling yon with that old 1tory about there
beinll' " plt'nl:'' of room at the bottom." and you find tl1at it ia already
";"1tb wbacb to de.eribe
oYererowded. :\Ionf'\' all gone bY this time and YOU ha\"e to borrow tbe J>r.,.tlluted preN ru~ it in
or beg.
·
·
• .
oeu~ion pon.il»t!.
i
Talk about taking the dignity out of a man; if thi1 isn't degrad- t be way tbi!f Do..- tbeir
ing. what i1 I
?I lbe ~~11eroa. ~~~p~rt yo~
are i~~~~~~~t is jullt the condition in whic_b plenty orOOOD ME~ ~~w~!:;:~~~~;~ i:•;b:l::~o:bow
An1l they h&\'C the OCI'\'(' to l'&ll it civilizi'<IIO<'!iety.
wb.u e your •apport of a ne...pa.Joer be·
to M~-~ tho!IC men who ha,·e bet:n in thi• position we have e word 10~fe~. i.e • d;_riptioa (t""'''b~ by
· Did you c\·er think back Blltl ask yourself why it was that you tbt G!ieU.J autbor of tbe. Wall Street
had to 11Ufrer this hmnilit~· in" ]anti of plenty I .
bar•lt-C'.OJ>.:mgbted) of a
Don 't you think that t here is something wrong with
•t:mber of tbe f>eauyln11ia
of aocicty wh,ieh dt'pri,·es a man who ia willing to work
opportunil)' of earning H. li,·ingf
Didn't it llf OIIIIP you to a f('eling that 10me change waR •~,,,.."· ! l ..d
If it jJid not. then ~-ou failed to profit by uperienu.
If, after ohlaininf: the co,·eted " j ob '' you aimply sunk baek ·
the old n1t wit hout doing nnything to pre,·ent it.l recurrence, theo
you need anothf'r ~uch nperience to profll pl yon to your duty.
So long IllS you nt•ed a m&Kit·r you will ha,·e one. and t he capitalist
ela&S know tb.is. W hen you werl' out of " job it wu..not b~aoae you
froin tile P,Jal... of
wanted to he, but !I('C.allllll someone d~~e owned the j ob, an(l it wu
; rnouct threoc the
within bi11 power to NY whether you \ll't'N! to live or not. You were bo~ac wltb a mi•d ot a
bia Alll·e. alt.bough you were fooled into tht' idea that you w~re
Blood": ~aultipl_,- tbi• nne by
free man. You are free to f[llit your lU&Iiter any time yon see
watd•tbem " bit tlle Nge of
but yon mUtlt get _a .hustle_ on and find a1_1ot her or you .will at.arve n;. i• wll.t took place 111
to death..
plate &trike io Wutero
., The man ..-ith an eye to his own welfarf.' will take advantage of i11 We~t llorelaad _c011l •tribe
IUeb an experience Rnd t~· to find out why it i ll that be u a free
Bctbicbem •teel •trih.
m&n must bow clown to another .m an in order to get a Ji,•ing. He
will ftnd the eau11e of thl'! trouble and Ulr-n look for a remedy.
It doet not take au exef'ptional brain to di~~eovcr t hat. the r eUOb
wby the bou can tell you 11·hethf'r you may work or not i1
he owna the job. lit• owns the building and the tool!! with
work and be own• YOU beu 1111e you mual eome to him· for
Whenever: the~~e boMetl gi!L together and determine to
. "priee of'ware- they begin to lay off the meD. Tbe~~e men go to
plaeea to look for .,work and it jeGpardir.es the,job1 of t.hoee who
workin«. &Dd enough of thill foi'C1!5 down, the price of ..-agea.
They eao do thill hecauae yon let them own the shops, the mine.,
uad the railroada, atred ear~ and steamboata. They n~~e them u a
~DII of akinninr you out of what you produee. You work for them
iutead of working for rouraelf a11d family.
•
WMn the majority of the ~rle decide to o'WTI the' mea- .
pJ"Odpetioo and d.Wibution, tht U the mines, "milla, factories,
tan railroada and boata. tht:n thf'y will '\fOrk for t.DeJUe.lvet
prociuee for- a. a11d eounmption in11tead of for profit.
•
Th~ we will bt ·eh:iliztd.
1'!'.''.
w•
_. tD
111111
~.- ~=111111 ,.oar·-··- ---·'--·•
acuoa..
----
,;r~~~;:~~!~: ~c~~~
"''"'"''"•.!
~·~
>• IOOC'_,,.,;··;c;,-•,:o_:::-_
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-05-02
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-05-02
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n100_19140502
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n100
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Slaughter in Colorado
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d90b388eccf068523ba52cd4e063fbea.pdf
6bd41037fe72dff714052267d3daf1eb
PDF Text
Text
IIUJIPALO SOCIAUST ON
LOOitATTHI! ~ OP
'
YOUR ADEIUSS L.UBL
IP IT IS
I,MJI AT NIIWI STANDI
tOO
~YTO
YOUR SCBSOUPTION J!lt..
PlRl!S NI!XT 'WI!I!X
SA1VJIDAY
'
I
CAPffAUSTS ·sTART WARS.
AND PROID BY THEM
WORKERS DIE IN THEM
Mexican Farce a Trumped Up Affair Invented to
Fleece the Pcopk- Brag that U. S. War Chest.
arc Bulging Is rio Excuse for Sacrificing the Youth
of the Land - What Has Mexico Done to Our
Workers?
MAY DAY PROCLAMATION ·
VICTOR t BERGER WILL
BE BIG ATTRACTION AT
MAY DAY CELEBRATION
P<·~!lgr's:'':n"n Will Pay His f'irst Visit to BUffalo
-Has Message that Every Workingman and
Woman in Buffalo Should Hear- Will Tell of
His E x peri ences in the F ig ht A gai nst the
<:apitalisi Interests.
Don't 111lu thi1 opJW1rtunlty to beu
E~Dert Uatenna11n.
It may be yoo!'
Jut th...,re. Put ul<le you r otber ugarem.eau aod 10 to Armbi'Uit '• Uall
a boy livias It 893 lllal a on 8onday G.-.r~lnr, April :!tltb.
t be Tec: k Thea tre build·
:::::oo~.:::la'!::ro~:!d~
Uppeaettos:•~i:! :~~~.:t:.J;~
boy. A pol\cem111 wa1 called but
refilled t..o make 1111 arre.t beeaoae
·u
CONGRESSMAN
EXPOSES SWEATSHOP
fifTIIODS AT POST OfOCf
~
1
--
.......
�...__NIAGARA
para.D........
oola. Wdlal.
..... ~
.S5JIO
- -~$U!.
.
-
Bof" - ~00.- .....
$3.00.
.
-with bat oak
taooal oola. Wd!<4.
Mm'o-sz.50aad$U5.
Boy~-$ JS)
..... $2.QO.
Our atyleo lblo spring
ai-e the ftnest ~ have
ever ahotm, all new
lasts and pattern>. and ·
quality above all.
Men·s all solid IQather
,.ork sboes, $2 45 to
... :00,
NIAGARA
SOLES.
wrre J•••~ t iu lly
wlwn tbt! t'.,.)., ratio n uf Germnn
falllf<:fnt llt•
Men and
'""''"'I
Ht :::ll<'i..t let "Uuu~,J io •· ;uul
,,,, ;.f;o.ioll•h·-"•
Mr . l 'a rm ody t o ra fl rel lh•· ra ~o:a.:~men t
( •·.,n pa rt i~ o la r~ •ill h~ ~o~h·po at t bi•
llltt ltnlf.) Wr fttrU•If•••l thi • rleloat" t o .
ol<o,.·th" l'""f'lt'o f Hodu:ttt-r thlt it; , 1
J!f!rf~ ··tly ro .. tb lt tor t.,.o m••n ,Jia m ~t ·
r irall .• -o i'J ••O<"di n n t•mion t o•li,tUO$
r ia li n1 w itbnu t any rancor o r
bl onol '' or tMlling yf " '"""'·
lflt.
po'll"e1", be·- - ,o:c - ·:.c- ..· - ·-,.tGm ot btr . Nmmodi tis ; 11
otprodllciDgftloretbaa
a.ad the wo rlr.tr
rft!l'iriag
1oe r., tbf~fere, unble to b111
wbole of t. U! produo:t. eo-
only
otberd!;:,:~::t~e11~~::~
ill tbe ellor:'ll.
Col,( ~e 11 t at o u aide lino our
Wh it e fortbetod ; aile11t li~;
a~ t\ f orm t.h at "'('ellk t o UJ
~h111 or ordt: worda t hat car.
I I>Ohll; 11 1i.l eou n.-er to be
"TilE WOMAN Of THE
"Tbt Worqa u t>f _t be ll ou r " It
ti t le of • pl ay 10 lie produ eed by
You 11g People"• ~ialilt Lnlflle
Buffalo .ea rl:<- nut. mo ntb. Tb ia
wu wt~tten _ UI_"H'Ially ~~· til e
Joe<>J>I e of tb,. _e• ty by V. ll lla m
a::::.~ e:-:~i. 1~U:~! ::::::~~b~;:u~:~lakn~o:~lla~
:::.tbebew.::a~~i=l~:;;~D0~ :~dL~e~;;::::",t'::e~~ror""r Y..
"mul!t 'lfllit tor work oatil t he p~ure
Tho play pietllr~ the life of
ial'ei~. Oatbeother lw>d, tbede.,yoiiDJ.!peciJ•Ieoftbedayu th.ey
ma11d for tile_.,;. of lif~ retnai-'11 for-ted ia tbeit e\·e r~ day lifa to
... -troGit u eYer &lid Ooe ~ riiUil. euu t he proble mt wh~ b eo llf ro11 t
tlltrefon' ,
tbe • -· Kautttr .\-111 0111 tbftle problcun• i1 t ilt!
·
aa,.. :. ''Biaee lstoltlle etl'rottao f goldpro- problem io•·oh·io~t tile tu tl'rage
chledon hll<re doai...ted al>d D.ade thml· eia.l ill t -IIIO'remub.
-..i••
111~::-~~ ,!":;erm:':!;. ~=• :~';. ~~ulil:c!! ~~ri= 1111T:~.~=~~~~~~~:~~~'::! :~; '.~,,. , . -~:
orllat w~ all m ut yet - t ,
d e~~tll.
lile uotpticoo pf tiritl't 11'~ ollly gi rl orllo U ••t ty mudo ·
operate ill 11 r.r.A~.itory Wllloa.'' Up. t beftollomic problemtof
tht: tU.t n arm h.u bet'ID der tM. -'-itlou. there..._ tlli.t """"
Tll,e n tt ot ~hlra,.,t ers
the body &Ad tilrowo (ar whlell wa ~ .~llooUnl, t hat ~- Etbel Allu . . . ..... !lliu
~~~~~~~~::~~~ ~~;,':: ~~:·.:
~=~: "':~!:;n:~ ::~~'::~'~: Alle -.Jol iu
t'IIIOdi~ e f u.e _proletuiat, to )h~. Aile~." ...
~CIII~tioD of ~1 llld '!G p"O.I Bobf'rt B~
all~ 1 =~orJ~: )(iu Br~~w 11 ..
A!'o,:,:~!·
aeC::7.!:"~:~:S ~~~~ =~~
----
c-.,, .,.,.., .. de~
Come,
A-k-:ro~a boy • •4 my
~ e11ti;; lidl'et, witt. •.e U«j>lio•, ~\rt aad my pl-TB:EIR
• .,. ~IIJ'T\el ti,.Jtlle So<lll~la i n i•u brea~• aunt Dot meet tile.
,...... ~ Vta. ft il bd• dflll l tt.. fo]. ~Il l
•
'-"riqt .o.ee,.: ,.._. ..~.,.;... ura
Bu, a..U~ ' Jtla.g Pfolll t U
I
d ed., u ....... ~ • . - ......! l'wo
••lo*
--.. ~-~
wit).
rut
tlllt tl>e
~iatan .,.d tlte d at .., it Wl'<lDI!Ida~, o'• iuhlt; _tllat U.e bro w It 1111 ..,._,.,
..ll'f"il :!!G ~"' ... m he 1 ~ t:tGWd 11111t blt white, bo.t b ftaiof"d wit\ blood
1111 by t\t -.-ay tlcl<tta ar...goi111.
i
b~ fON"e of bllltLU baud~
w.
toll · ~•IJiq tl~-e~•-b.dy
at.~
Nol ........ A,.a.
. . pair.
s.;..,;. ..........
bera~~~~e J.bor
~~::~·~~;:~:~·~7~:~~~ ~:11~~· :::
......
IM'FALO SHOI CD.
lmr.'i"~;~~::;~~p~:-w~
Tbt
a..-
Sbo.or...,.a..Jollcl_..wttbNiac••
more rapid; it inereur~ •II
Dut if the demaad be-
i
25c
lScta_,.-oo.aay~crl
.......w.. ....
A
1joia
Boys -
o.toutcw.eo.-, •c:uw._._
..
.-llltiaa t o
6eldf.!~ Sc:rib11a.
ia Ee«'aiKI wu -..k-<1
~- of w proo!IICtioa
~D tMia.ary IJlirit of 0,..
dut traa ~
...~ .,_pi.taliltie t,..ma...
lo
Do-. Jon•
lbry Lee
Lillian
•. . lli•
'nit ia -.:tlii.., Dew ill
of .-.Dtertaill.l:uaL C• me &.a
yon (riu.da. n.. tid:n. aro
I~ qgeet~ ~dt :;"',:D ~:::ec!~y~TKk
p.ltbep::::;,:u "~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~,.-:-: ~
tbo. pr-oilllrtiosl of told f.!ro;lld.,..y. Tb• odablioll. will ba Olll~ .d.aee lOOJ. wMI it ~ !5 eecia. '!'bert: will be c1a•eiq ia·
itll ·~ poial
(>(
U9,000,000.
Si.aee ll<td.larely &fur.,.t.M
pa,..
·- - ·..,--
-
l5t b a lhort walk
.s.-s.-aSt. ' S..
.... ,_ ....
out
abow wiDclow I
tbm..-tbk~
pod oa &aF IIJI$.
�·MAY DAY DEMONSTRATION
,
FIIHIT. SOCIALIST
_OONQRE88M~N
VICTOR L.
BERGE.R
If MILWAUIIE
EU4WOOO MUSIC HAU:
FRIDAY, MAY 1!!
8 P.M.
CIIIEIIl ADMISSION, IS IDlS
R00Y1D SOlS, SO IDlS
ALITHE SEASONABLE ADVICE:TAKE BELL SERVICE TADAY
If thue's ever a season when Bell Service h a
positive coillfort it's in the Summer time.
You'll never know real convenience untU you
have- a telephone on your desk and at home.
A Bell T elephone brings with it the ability to
be in two places at one time, a blessing to the. busy
Then, too, the Summer is:soe
of the Bell Directory is closing
soon. Have yoor name in it
this time.
Telephone Co.
T dcpbonc Buildiar
Chorcb & Franklin Struts.
BULLETT'S SHOE-S
CORRECT 8TYL'E8 FOR 1914
PRIOEB $2.00 TO $4.50
A SHOE WITHOUT
· Spring Suits
.' Cop Coats
Balmacaans
Up.,Lbemtr•ou.st11•,
c-ood,
htl.ll•~ aDd. ~re.bdDJ qoall·
:~~~..~M~
· P~T·.;;ON .
J
.
.
tCe. ud lower
&ht.o elae'l(hua to
prloe. It the SLOGAN for our
Spdq Olot.blllJ'.
•ho•-
"''an
. 1111 • .,_, larr•a.F oompnbeodn -rUDaot of' IJ\J'k!. •'
·.
.
.
'!M'IIE lD
~~100~ -~
-
.,PiJnll[ .
mna
DIHIIII
OUR IQ.
IIP.sl~
· .
,·
-
- ASA¥1C
IIEIIT lOllS
TO Y9l
Open Monday and Sal:urday ev~nae
�BUPPAI.O IOCIALIST
--.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-04-25
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-04-25
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n099_19140425
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n099
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
War -- What For?
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/74711f2728a92d13b9dac10d53ee0791.pdf
c88962f8287d6694f53a0c46628c912f
PDF Text
Text
-a..o~
..
-MAY·DAY' DEMONSTRATION
IA1& A T - SfA!'IDI
,_YTO
FIRST IIOOIALIST .
OOIIIGtiE. .MAN
,M'I'IlllnAy
VfCi"OR L;
BERGER
IF MILWIIIIEl
ELMWOOD MUSIC.HAll
FRIDAY, MAY 1!!
s · P.M . •
Wii'e=-
aiAt IIIIISSiol. IS tirrs
Eltct C1rr Attorney at Mllwaube - Alderman-atInaea.e Number of Supervlaors
ancl
-G a pltall s t P a rtie s F~lo
Com
t
Soclalim.
R6!lY!D 8011. 50 IDTS
.
PITTON'S ...u.'!':.'"~
lfelieving The Hardsh!ps
Of Moving Day
Moving Day at Its best is one of the big trials of
home life. .-T hinking of the dozens of details is always rather
dismaying.
Bell Service in the new home will run errands
and save a lot of worry.
Tell us 15 days in advance:where. to move your
Bell T elephone.
If you arc not a substribcr, why not
tah Bdl St.rvic.e today and have
your name: in the: new book. wbic.h
closes May 9tb?
New York
Telephone Co.
T elepbooe Buildior
O:uu-ch & Franklin Strccts.
CORRECT STYLES FOR 1914
PRICES $2.00 TO t4.SO •
A SHOE WIT HOUT
COMPETITION
~·
IDI!Ilfi
YIUIS 1111
lliAT I'UIIli
li.niDl
Tllf'S l
lllfli!II
~
of the
~ CII£AP
UP.STAIRS
ROO IUS
ASAYIIC
TOYOO -
Toiler' ~
�G
.MEN AIIIIYS
READ THIS - TBEI CUT TIE CllttiiELOI
BUFFALO o,... Shoes for Spring Of 1914. The
ideal town and country shoe, combining the·atyle and
refinement requlied for the pavements of ihe city wUh
honest worth and substantial maiertals~ that will stand file
·"(ear and h~ service of the c_ountry.
Our styles this spring
are the finest we have
·ever sho~n. all new.
lasts and patterns, and
quality above all .
Men's all solid leather
worlc shoes, $2 45 to
14.00, N I A G A R A
SOLES,
in Western and Central New York.
In addition !hac , are fully that number d
Federal telepbonca that have the pref<rence.
Thls is a bu.lnai ._. you cannot alfonl to
overlook.
Are
you
one of ~ .lnveatota in our
1~
Preferred atock?
I
At the United lnduotrics Esposiqon and Sale
at the 1>11: Hamlin Store, April h-18, !hac
will be a complete private Automatic T dqlhooe
Ezdw>re, wltb ten stations throuChout the
:s!<ft.
!{s a 'IVOilCicriul czploitatlcxl d the
New TcJii;ll6ny and yrxir vfaft to the Ezposition
this tboroucl>Jy.
will DOt be complete unleas you
• aamint
~~lephone
The Federal
·and - 4
Telegraph Gompanr
.
.
•
II
>.
.
===='
.I
�MAY_DAY DEMOt~~~
VICTOR L .
BERGER
IF .llW&Ullf:
EIJWOOO MUSIC ttAU.
FRIDAY,
Mft 1U
8 P.M.
mil AIIISSMIW, IS IDIS
ROOY!Il sun. so IDIS
Relieving The Hardships
Of Moving Day
Moving Day at its best is one of the big trials of
home life.
Thinking of the dozens of details is always rather
dismaying.
Bell Service in the new home will run errands
and ·save a lot of worry.
T ell us 15 da~ in advancc:wherc to move your
BeU T elephoru:.
_
U you are not a subscriber, why not
take Bell Se.rvic.c tocby and have
your name in the new book which
c.losu May 9th ?
New York
Telephone Co.
T clcpbone Buildi.nr
Church & Franlclin Strub.
r
�~
\.
- ~-~~
I"U1LataD ....:!.T In' THS
BUPFALO soaALIST
PUIILISHING
-~-
...... ....._.1.6......
ILt.ltT11ftcaSILD..~
~ TVTTMU... ..._.,.
•
OOMPANY
...
..,...ALO.R. Y.
....... ~TY . P. CA~ - . . . .
.U.....6CM.615~Uit-...,
JIUIIPALO,N.Y.
~ Prb SUID J* , _ . , . 0 ......_,,.,.. tl * -
~·
"
..._.~..-)-S.Itll,a._,_.cac..a~.·..._ ..... vcn.
..... data.ct.JIIIda.S.II19
SATURDAY, APRIL II, 1914
LET THE PEOPLE KNOW
. /
Rur Admiral G-ao W .
Uti-\ cill!.l'VOI \1 111ft lleW
A IIUIIIlitof of C.. -IJ~ ~ @o..
•..,..........·.r~·UOO~, -~~mfela~:l ~;: ~..::~!: ;:!-:a.l·~~ ~:01111'=: :·::;.;:~
~laliua.
Tile ••"~ ia a ....... ne,
tile 8oc!.lilll
•ore tU.a a l~ttlt · of IUIIe.t. TW
.OTB roa' tnnTY, r. nHn re&lire tllla, pet. .pa, _,. llli a
I
of "Uolty," Cot· 1111 Oo<'lol..,
a J*rty of tbdr owa.
d.urADA.
orca• of Uoe
.. -. kl .......,.....
·
..,,k
----
~"J:k::[~~o<;;,,. n~~noo ~':1::!0:! vao~~ro.!n~uaa.
wltlo U... Sodalltt
Th w ..a(tb of t h
_._,-o.:.::·?
' ~·]'~il~~i;oi~;q;:·~-;;;;;; ,;.:;;
~"'0.•· 1•"•bon
ot
••t
A drcolu lot\er U.. bM11
to
tt.. u ti.oD.al t _ .IUM ..d aaUoaa.l a ·
c:~: ~~·:.~~!~!~ ~:;:.:;~:;!":; ~,'!:11 ;".:,::."~
t:':\:'
,S:,.:~~~·~~;J::.1u\~o -;.. :~~~~:~e!:'.~7'=~:::, ::.;,. :;;.
- - --- T be pla11 ao ODU\Iof'l by tile C-la1t-
.ooLU.Ift ZDI'J'O& AOQtfiTTBD.
!dilaa.- Tb e l!lodalfoll of 1 1) Holy a ro!
;
tool•" o•·er tile ,.;.. 10 ,.- .,. 0 ,..,;
;b" ol!iiral ~'-l i~l ,Iaiiy.
11111 of Ku taf' lo1 .. 1.,111 btl o ...,.t oJt•
Ml t ar n nti- 1 &H!ialt.t r-l'f!" 11"11 '
( OIII'fltaetl,but loat:lla fila• woald "f'"'e"
do for t h ~oatrol of lou \ JiliN'"'·
wlaf'atbejarytryiiiJilo~l ·
i
••
......
Do we wa.tal a Nit polioe " fart'lt" f
Do wt 1IHd a eouaty pG1 ~ " f0ret> " f
j)o Wf' w~t .ore of what we alre.dy hne too maeh t
"7:~~~~~M~~:"~~:~--.::
'
'
.. •••
m~.. ' '
Pallfl . .
MOlE SUISJAITIAL
TBAIILESSIICS
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-04-18
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-04-18
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n098_19140418
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n098
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1e62eba3440abf7357562f07aa5d4bca.pdf
f2e981a81bea6ca079f14a7a092d1735
PDF Text
Text
'
LOOitATTHI!-0.
YOUR ADiliU!:IS 1.A1EL
IP IT IS
YIIDI'IIIIIDAYTO
SA~Y
98
YOUR SVIISOUI'TION J!lt.
' PIRES NI!XT WED:
V...11-No.97
c
�lEAD THIS- THEN -CUT TIE COIPII iflli
BUFFALO Drou Shoes for Spring oll914 Tho
Ideal town and country shoe, eombtnlnc tho ll)llo and
refinement required for the pavements of the city With
honest worth and substantial materials that will stand tbe ·
wear and t'!.ard service of the COUAtry.
Bbr.te Co••·.,Hoa op<'nrd witb
-•lwn- 01 til • roll of Lonl
t.er. ltu.a ~ donf'i t you p.~·
Spri•c i1 C"Omill!l; e•·er;rt ll i11g
ho• it. • iauer'• •l~r.
&Kialirh of R ~h..,.ter - h up!
a ll tile • iM'ry ""'I Ullf!mJoloymeat,
Pi~»trial ni•i•. the J>ro.pede for
.-•·rn~eatoughtt oiM! J!OOd.
lti1
k> yoll tobriagthf'm- g " tothe
n.,
....
Rrre ill work t or you.
Our styles thiSsprtng
So~ i .. Usta.
are the · finest we have
ever shown, all neW
lasts and patterns, and
quality a6ove all .
Men's all solid leather
'llrork shoes, $2 45 io
a.c.OO, N I A G A R K
SOLES.
,.,., , Uf' rpquHte<l t o make a
af t ilt rollood ng meelinj:"o an ·l
·
u d do yGur tHmo•t to aUentl
' ""!;'your n on -~iali" fri~nd
7~ -
0n
Sa tur .Ja~·
r••rn iflj:, April tbc
ill Ute Worlr.in~ l'eoplr.'o l.yreum Rollol-1 ''"""' " " iw ~~;, a danre an• l l'ri u ho-..linx
®. _
will he heltl Ull<l~t tb e aou pi~1'11
' ""''f'Diion ~onunilt~r of Local
Mlf' r i• o rder to ra iooe fu ntlo f or
war<ltflllf' rlalalngourj!UUI8.
.
i'uaday dt eriiOOu, Al' ril l~th. Com·
n de Wi lliam t', Da raard will !H t ure,
T oaa•·•ntl 11 , ~h rrh :11, 19 U.
a11 oler th e aUIJikH <> f th e l..abor Ly · ~:,li t or. llulhl o Soei•ll• t :
;:;~·,;:~:~~~;:E;~:~!:·~~r:::;~ :~~:. ~:, ··:~;:::: ?:E?ro~~:·,
:; •'•:=a~~~~.-:. !!,';;,';,.;;:~ 11h1i•111:ou:0~ :~ ~~~::. "'i:;i:i•;.~·~17,'..;:r ,:,,
I
..
;P~:F~I~;~~I~~~g:f.0:E ~: .~:~,~:!~:{f··~~:;~~:::E'.-... . . . . ~.. . .".
11 11i11l T~Ni rr. tlw l .al.or l .~·rru llt hu
...,.. llt<'d t hr. h tli' hmll "' t h r \\ urktng
J f!011r. J,nPUIIt Jlu tlllltloi' 5~() ~ ~ J'111l
llr>•rt. all•l Mil futurr nwt'ltllli'~ ,..,11
~ rl •l thtro• l'iull•IIIJ' 11fl<'rh<Hlll Ill ''
hop ._,.. f h•r, au ol
0
BI~!J.!!,~I.
mum o1 110 SoiN J:ti!M Sllots
P.., S.t..dar Nirhb Until 1000
M<n and Boys :____ 25c Cool'O!I
Cut oul: .tw. c-p.t•M c:uo Wlllld.a- r ooa uy pul'daa.olluflllo
~tlSc: ID
!::.:.u~jobN::::::::Q;
19Jt.
ea. -s-lbo pair.
BUPFALO
s!!'~~ S..
pocl «a &aT Jtylc.
1
d•~··tt >-•ion
•rh l,.,• t ure.
:t-#s
In
Ill• Jlocbnter
SWld•J &cbooL
ArOett_er-Eeitung.
•-Yen
'l'bec.I70..U-,-perto&M .... oa'-'deflt
atp,
-ca.., Ute b:aiiNil of &be Worliltq 01-.. -ID _.. fDr I
Ollb, 315-317 Gcn- Saut
,..I
-.a..
• - -..._N. Y.
Tlli us NOW WHERE
TO fiiiYE
YOUR BH1 TEllPHONE
Thousands ollamllle.. in Bulfaio .... movtnr
between now and May 1st.
W oo't you be one of thae tbo.-.ds to tdl
w 15 days in advance wbcrc: you ,_,ant
yours moved ?
you will help othus .. well .. youndf.
(~
I
c.u s.-. 12000,
~ Dq.Ut.
mcnt, today if rou intmd to moYC.
New York
Tefepho~• Co.
~
Wit I
TdephoacllulldaJc
a..cb It l'toukliD-
�BULLETT'S . SHOES
OORREOT STYLES FOR 11114
PRICES t2.00 TO t4.50
.
, ,•.....
\
Baoarian Hall
RUSH
Investment
,..,,,1(...
JOHN UNVERZART
77ft Sycamore S t., oor.Reed
is not the ally motive that has moved
·hundreds of people to invat in Federal
Telephone COmpany 7I Preferred Stock
in the last three months.
WSU.,.,..AilD 1211 ... . JlllOMTlD"Mtl
-OO TO-
• LOUIS fw\4\.ISEL
c.,_,..
011 CIH"•·
. ,,___ ......_
,_JM,_,
,_..
.;.,..~tw,.,
.u
.......
BUY FARtYAND
AYOID ·OUR
EASTER SATURDAY
The knowledge that thcir money is going
to extend and irili)l'OVe the world's largest
independent telephone systr.m- the people's
system - did quite as much to influence
c.;,.~~w~,... ·. c.~
ge&-967 BROA D WAY
them.
They are both good reasons ;
good business and good dtizemhip.
True principle., t bat'l what Cat Shott for M~n nncl
BoY• a.~ built on. Honrs.t maUriala, thru a nd thru,
Brocton Union-made, a nd soles \\•bich we a btoluUly guara ntee to wear at leas t twkt- aa long na ordinary soles.
We d o butineu on a low rntt, low margin, low
price bui1.
"The bttt t han io Buffalo" - that's wlib+ stnd-ca:r
men, driven, factory and railroad men are aaying. Let us
f\bdp y'ou ma ke your money go far tbnc dull tjlilcs.
·
0Ter one hundred stylish numbers, perfect 6ttrn, Oxford s, Buttons, Blucbcn, Blhmorals; in Black or Tan Calfakin ~ Black or BrOwn Vki, and Patent Leathers.
.,...DOUBLE-WEAR SOLES ON EVERY PAIR
S2;50 to $4.00 ,
OAT SHOE STORE .
Ill E. QENESEE ST: (Opp.O>lppewoMa.U!)
lUlG.UU. P'.l.LU
a~nday
..
BRA.DFOHD
Ewning,. Apri' 12,: t9.1 4L _s
~'"Heredityl
-
and
�~~TirT'nm
PIJBI.lSHlNG
CXlMPANY
...........
,
BUJIPAIA N. Y.·
BUFFALO SOC!AUST
604-605 1ibtu1 LBe. ....._ .
-1 lUTWII.-..._ .,......
~
n.ua;·~ T -
TUT'TJCZU.. .__,.
" ' " ' - ~ Jlult.l Lda
~Prb $1.GD
....
, _"·
a.....c
~· ··
C4~ .. . . . . .
IUP'PALO, H.
.......
,..5,~·
v.
~Irt....._
a..-..5 »~ _.,..
lfll..tlb. p.t cib&tBuffa~~ Yotk.
....--..c:~aiiLrd:al,.ll79
/
.
u.
SATUJ;IDAY. APRIL
l 9H
DANQEROUS BRAQ
Bo th Oonl1l snd Haydi!D of the Gould Coupl er Works "'·here the
st rikf' ia on are .1 couple o( ~la ngerou11 brags.
In tiH• IIU••m pta to aett le the strike at that shop the men
I'•• •••"''"
t•rtw"d willing to make con{'CH~;iotrs. 10 that the labo rers wli'O
out with t hem. lltul who a re in a b11d !Hat e, may be 114n.'d from lrtarworhfll io otbt r trad"
t'llt i<m.
lm•ltlhi of trying to mt'et the rne n hal( way, theRe two moral ~at work tbouclil thU
"'a\'llg"o•ll tHk~· ll<h 'Oil htge o r en•ry (:OJICr!UiiOII MUd prew Oil harder.
•itb tbeh btolb.er-worken..
Tht•y I>''{'TTI to rPf'l that they hl'l\'{' the guru1 hack of them And that
thf'~' •·11n d ri w the uwn a l~ut at their will. Th ey hK \'f' done thiAliU
rmw h tha t tlw~· art• lernpt i!IJ.t tro ul•lc.
·
lltJ
w""
MUST AND AN 'EXIIIISf
~:~~:~~~~'::~~;· 11.~!i~~(~~-~~r:!~:\fh~~ :~ ~~o~:::~&tion wilh hi& fri ends.
·
C'ol Wolf anti fiNI. Wdeh. h..- IUIHie th1· hrag that afte r lu.~ l1ad thiuga
Tb.e geoual rau~ of po.-rrt:r
Up lit DI•Jli'W h..- ~11\'I!Ml·rl that the llt'Xt j ob th ey would work koo,•A to·all meA i11telllgeo1
l'lo~llll>·tl
1
do not know . hut we do
kuo,.._ thllt t£ tlw Jlt\(' r lff 1111d the JUd~ell are AJIO ,.., f!d to elllt out the
~f~~~~~~~~~~~~:l::n~7't~!.r~~jlll;~..-~~= /:~:;\.e
011
:;o~~i:e 1 :::':b~~~.. ~:t~till
;...toe
~~k~f
1
8 t to
tloem realiu
for ~~e:':r0 :;1 : 11 : 1 ~::::::.,,to
tbe tg11orau1 poor ~loe•e
QREATER THAN EVER
1\ufTRin iii l.!l' ttiutz to lu· n proud city 118 well 88 p:n·ttt.•ei ty.
Wt· do u 't W!itll 1111,- .-- helt]' folk~ iu thi!4 hlwu. 01JL'ljlll101.
Tho· l•il!)!l'f W(.' !!'tOw tl1c tllllrt' it cosiK to li\' e here. Look at the
f uu you 'r.- lul\'illJ.t.
\\',. will ha\'t• twu hu!it • h~tll <•l ull ~ in th i11 t.' ily thi11 ~·ear-isn ' t
! hilt ll ,j~ll Of J.(r nw th f .-\11 ,Will lh't•d is the THOIIl'J for admill8iOn,
nnd l'ro ddiu~or !Il l' lluli-.~ let" ,\'tnt off you Cl!.ll tzO.
If ~·111 1 owr1 your ho1uu• tlw illcrl't!.St·d rnx I'II!P will about
tht· pri•·c or the ~ummer snit you iutenrkd to bny.
lr ,1'011 ren t. ~·ou will h11ve thf" plcl\surl! of psying the
:,',l:'',~;,':t~::h~~u::: •• ;.'\~111~~ :~·::j'~I1~~:~~KI: ~~1-0IIth
IIIOrl'. 1'l11:y hii\'C
:\ f1•w Y('ltn 11go it \\' 11~ figurP<I thAI 01\t' Wt•ek't~. KRiil.r)'
J•ll.'' 11 muuth 'K rt•lll. Th t•n reuht for Kn ordinllry house
fro m fifro ·o·n t(l tw;· nty doll11r>l 11 month . Wngt'!i jnM nhont mel that
fur t h.- 1\\' <'tltJ.tf' Jll('t·hnuic .
Wage11 still hOI' I' r flhOliL lhc !llllllt' lllllrk, hut II!Cp into II r{'&(
e~ llllt· nflit·t· nno l tt·ll tl~t •m you want fl pint'(' HI th11t price rmd
I
dt•rk is lirdtlf' to tmu•h I hi' buttm1 fo r th t• plilrol wagon.
Wt· IITt· in an r r rt nf ~reltt rrosp('r i t~· Tho• hn11k >1 lm•·•· u mnrtj!'Uf't' un !110111 l' l't• r~· hou!W, upon
1·
llw oWtlt'r must pn_,. intt•rt•lll. und th{' owm•r mu ~< t rel't!il·e 11 rrofit
o n the III Ont·.\' thul lh• hKii und hns 11111 iun·sh ·.t. nnd tlw work1·r i11
th•· l-.'••nt - llfll th;· hurkiu~ kiwl -ju ~; t plnin :\nnnit•.
W..-....-Ju.dp
R••·
Do yoa ~laa1 a aa,a • lt lil u laeoe.
madebi-lfcoatemptibleofe.50.,000ort.'IOOtOOO.ltllelt .. lll lt4
to llfllll all Ute Bod.alilltll 11 •IU. tlda,.. ae llle7 aNt W•ld aot
,JaU II a f'" •PHCIII lrlilt, Jla, too, be •tlaW wUir. Rttr. alt
III01fl troable. AUJ'. laeoaer Oa tire ottr.er ...., ua JO'*
no.,lue~a u. 41-..1 a .Wt blame a - · wltlil ea t_.e of NOD o1
for.IO,OOOda-~ teOO,' aade fa.iiiUJtOnpPOrtt fotbe•
of nllllarh tude bJ' lhe jadae IDI t!U.tkt.dl
"
•t•tn.nu IIIUted t1 It I• utoral te Jftt .,. .ta•t w it~ •d
rHord. Hoac bto11 dedarHtlilat tire rood tlillap of llf• at JOIIr dltltllelllellt• sr-11 llbt!led ~~ .. t JIM&It .... it Ia j~~Jt &I llllural aot to
a book be bu WTittea.
....-t eoate:at witlil eotblar at JOIIIt dlt--
~
WHO SAID CLASSES?
A f••\\' \'1'111'!1 n~o wt• hntl nu nwful howl 11hout th(' f'Oilt'f'rt h11llll iu
1l1i ~ t·it\'
\ln11K HrontlWII\' nnd '-'11 llt'\'i•rn l oth t• r atrects th{' 1111loons
l1nd n i1irut:, nwl sO illl'lim~li 1\ ft ·w other inRinmwnts, and prohabl)•
u ~in~o: •• r ltm!tt 11!uw('r thrown in.
It wus •·uuc;_•tlrd thnt tlli•I!C J>lnee~ wo·rf' not t'()lll11H·ive to the
Our lawmake~ '''\'e taJ;I<l all
fa~ultieoo of th e• r Lraiu IO plaee
Ia•& uroou t~e .• 1" 1" 1e belob ...
I
deter _th ~.,m,na! frum foltowtog
•·Ma tton. The l'• ~ k)'-o~krl, the u nd·
l~t•a rl ~.
all warned b." tlltute Ia.•• to refn.iu
from l t l.l of tlegt neracr or be pt&-
pr-lltt repreauu11 ff cupul· depeall eatlrel,r oe Mr -nl dltpet;i·
t~e two Sot!iall•t pattlu t U.I t!o.a. aall tllat It II wllbla " ' pe•er
lilitllet1o ei'ilted wer. mnfed late to plfet ..,...,.,.. l.to •e• • 111411.11
::~:~~ 111,\" r;~'ljtl:~;l;·i:j;;,,ll ":::~~h ~~~~ ,·;:~ulJi;·l~k~. ~r\\;;:1.';:-:~\·~~g=~~~~C:\~~~r ~::~~~~:~.:.~:~~lrar~~~~h~!~~~~·::!;':.:: The world Is
w,. 11111.,. 110
'
t'O IIt'l'rl haiiK uow .
~·:. ::~·~~~~ e~~~r:~=~
muait~
wort!
'"'-'n to tllkl' the
1
'
·.:.':,,·'
1
1 ua (:h11rp: e- the dlltll!l'N wilh imlc:el·Uc~·. ·•
llnlt, Mikl'.
{~~h~~:~ "::s~laili i~:li~:~~~~{
hAll s
bvott
t~y
1 b
were f'reque.nted by
flrcliu~~r~· working ll\1'111, and wh~l)<'\'<'r thin(tll were dull around .
~lation it Wll8 considered good form to go down the Hne and
in I<OITW hal'OII.
11tte~~~·~~tl~~~ ~~;~~~;·:,'! ~~:~·i e~~ s:;~:r ~rhe01:1~e~~;~in01ft c~::~~r
bee
~Jl e a\'~ c;r:;;.~
'
.••y.th.iag bu
~~~
•. ••.·,.•
•
1~ •orldt. aad tbal moder11 IIOcidy ia
ll'eDnat i• ea immea..e imp!'o•·emeat
::::
e::~ ::~:~~~~~ ,~~a~~::•
eomb~~o= t;::g !::,~;;:t~ trulb of itt Ar 11~ we wone or
,
=~~~."er:!:: :;~~~~d~~~~~~;u
oS that~ our torefatbera l
a
Iebel of butler, aa walk tbe· l lrt'ftl u
taJl find !tOiliC chea p phu•e thAt h&li no infltwnee, why it's all
but kt•t•p KWA)' f l'(•m the dusy places. They wo n't stl\ud for it.
Who 1111itl th t• r(' Wl're l'l~511t8 in th i!t oountryf
~: r~::~~~:~~~k .~f~~~e r:= ~e ~,::~:~~~~~i~\·=~~~~~~ c!:~~~i!io;~"· ,~;;;; 1 1"\<~;>d•·••
th•
~:e f!l~~ 1!;e:,.;~r:g tttl~e ~b~g- _abont
makmg the
no~.
be wilt t...
drar"?p~la:~~~::::M If
mu~~~~~. tow!~~
man.
appetite
•
•
eo...ao..alll
...
',':,:
••rl;':_
ac,
w.. ...
....
1 ~e. ~~~ .tt~ tlte ueer\ll..a taew ot
t.,bllr
PfltJIOI&l ..a •a-.11 tkltlr
l or .• ~~~eetl•c·
b JU;t• ~r&llle :'~:~~~~ coadlll• •-.:
,...e
Pan/'::
.ut"OD.aiiOOJ.ALlftl WDI'
.!11 .:~::.=.~,It ,:';Hee::::..
hEll eJ'ImoH ~111'. tlo• ol•u'l ••terliJ bc:l•fl• • wtdn- •
a 10111 ull -eu 11eoo 10"7 111M t f lbe t•ra. ne.ee, to~ttnta•at
~~ .'*:"~'·~ ~ L. Aecea.. ::!~~~-;,"';'t~·:.;·~,:,e-."::u ~
eoctllcll 111 . . ~ a ,_
.treal(lb wloee tH· ""Jalretl ~a4ltla.
for tloe balldi•l of 1 a-. laek,.._
01 tlte J'lu:a ,.....,_,
llea, u • ntl1, • u .ot 41K01kateil
rt.t took plaet oa on.._... -..... t11eJ ••JoJ - • a «ate ot
I fonllf will be opeo oa re- •lad. It It tltelr IHurlal lad -w
orpefutloa.
tolollltlou tUt •"- tile• 11. Aad
ha..-e a.IM beea p,.-..idN 1M aeo-k. collllltlou Ia •Ilia--de
otlter ltrMII le tbe 11111tn.l • - af tAte •on.iq """' b4 tiM•·
t with pro..-I.Sou tht
will ... Ml•.. t.odl7 are Hnafal1 A*l
M
•pakerao f7a01 bterr•pHoa.
ta lad- latti.lt.,..t atJ t•retpKtlar
-a ..11 - • n LC1 flit
ne;
·
BOLD P&Ol'OO.tliDA WBBI[. -..aid forfeit t~e rtp~ to .,. eo..l4·
•' In~ f!fopopada fflt enot! elrlliled pmpJe. If lbq we11 •t.hl'rap ka1 bee• tlldd•d Wed wit~ ~ ef .ule&e._ u..t d.
1 ~~~ 2~JaJi~ or Bei,S. . f,.. r;.:en~ .t th -to~ 'd1"
ent11t.
:~a~~: :i:u~~~e :~~j,\.~~~rl~=~~:·:~::a~s~e}:d1r\b!f not thf'y would
adulteralt food &ad
1111 kl ea or t ht' rt:'lll t rouble thE-y would •Pillr the
It i-5 jlf'ntrall~· n-cog-tlit.t.'tl that we eanno t ha,·e
tician under th t> Jlr-e&€'1.11 a~·l!:t enl of liOC:icty. It i:! not
indi•idual, hto i1 but A refleetion of tbto conditions whieh
him.
..)
....W a_pd iat~lfttul
'l'hf' JKllitieilln ~ no difl' .. reut from any otb~~:r 1nan in ' 'l\·hai we
Tke fU'Oih •.r-te- bu DO -.1 or
&t llltden MCiety 1a
u11 tht bu~ 11 .._ world.
.,
b...n., bot is. eo rold-b'-led tbt life Ndety, ead ., _ .
::eiJJ~d~u::::;~~:hf~~o: ~ i~ ":,i~ -~h0e ;:~neM
-
...
.u.•
ror 1urlil
mu are
;
tlile t"oadu1ioll tkat Uoe
but !~~!~~~;:U:~d~" :::
!ain<.Th~~l";•~~~lll~h: i~~~~~:; ,:~~~:~t'~he ~c:le ~:tel,.:~~ o:h:~
Ita: =~ :~~
i!:::~~:oe-:~a~;
••ri,.•-•t,...,.
r:...·,~..e~ .!. . . eo'~.'·,:'·:,":c-:· : :,.;,:. .,~ .~, :...",~,:.~~.~.~.!~
. ~-,:.~;,',,
1
co•·
of l•e .,.. e~tll · ~· .. ,a aacl itl
~=·e:.~. :e.;:~b oa t~ npaclt7 for ,_ .. f1 p~,.....
THE SOLUTION
1
11
1em
il ll 'i!-rll 0 £ Ullrl'l!! t.
Why the nnt\lfU
• Who'11. a t th~ bott.OJJI o £ tJ1e present desil't' for R change!
The l11g bllPdD~ m en,
.
.
.
loulf,
Anordlttf to l...Sr ~~Tt t~•
tJJil%1' t00JfP'DJDI OB. -terlal eollodilioa et au 4... aOI aet·
i~~~~~~~;::t·"'!;" 7t~o~:;r •I'll •.:t11o~belil;:;ea:t a:~:.
,.·-~~,".,;·,· ,.~et.••",'·~.;:,·•1;~.r=.~.· ~.~~.:;-:-,'7~-~-.~.~.~~,~;:,~.-~.:,
r;:,:,:-.·;~ :~ ~.~:L,-.:,:,:.~:~.=.".·:.~~~~ ~~
~
:it~.::J'u;:11(.•ra a:;:ror' ~~~~:;;;,~:e;;,::~~.'~.~~~: t!:; :~;
11 1
!h.- Fre ..t
111iaen.. J.f .0. let
So'?e morali JI.I are rolllplalaill(
i1h tbe burglar, tbe piekJ-IIet, tbe our t•mea 11 belli& tbe wont 111 morah aboal drivu from thei r home. oul tato
11._.rmit~ tlu~
~::;~:nth~;::.
~,•;<~:;~~~~-~~-,;~~:: ·'·'~:~;ko! !~:;o~~t~~; ~oa~~~~~:·;~·~:~ui:~ ~
:;·::":.~..~..::!.~ ::1:.-
liDJIIe or,-oJUtiDI.
=
1«..
~:·~~~ ::.::;:~:." ~ot-~a~a~'u:e:\p::~
11 !ill loon with
thrown iu as 11
A t•llhart'l i~ 11 j)luel· where li ~ nre !!Oitl , with the
::!t'~~~ t'!:~;;':to:-!:'d ;~::~ ~~::·
IIOOL\Llft
JOmOL
''lEN'~'A.-At 1 ..e41at eclll(ra. of Yet tliot:ra are •erallttt W~ll ltlt &I
Ratbeat .. 8odaliato whlil 12 de)t. tltat c.ctate.tme•t lid 111-at.. tiMat
fat~
aDd olumtop._,
A finf! rondition o( alfairs when :'l·o u are on ()(ln&l&Dt watch
ff'&r that you will bt robbed, bigh~'ft..'', o r legally.
'tbf' trouble ia lli'ith the 1ptem. ]u&tead of workiDg to live
lit"f' \oO work. W e jwt work and kn ow not what we worlt. for.
produe.. hapbuard ~- old thing we think we can aell ,and
.-.. fiad · ont aJur w t- produetd it nobody rints to buy it,
tls•Y do t..ilf!y haTen ' t the monf!y to pay for it.
Tilf'y tall it the upitalist 1,.-atem of tocittJ. The~ ill oo .,.atem
to it, &hat is the ma.in troublf!. We do DOl prod~ things for use,
aah
1rf'
thtlll
to
~L
Tbe
f'h~r w e
ean malte
-thf':m.,
and
~
deue:r we eu .ell thf!m, the-- more we ~~ out of iL ,
AI aoeif!ty HeomH morf' eiriliHd mN"f' people
ria;ht •f a dfftDt liYing. That priTil~ eannot be.
thiztp &1"1!. prodof!ed for profit. for the profit of one
.........
n.t J"dM)D for Ute 1lDf"Kt ill that a ff'w an rtapiog t~
Of thor Woft: Of tJae Tui ma.iori\1.
W• pod~ for prollt and the profit eonceotntes.
W" muat prodaee (or Ulle aDd f'VP')"GDe wiU ban all Qiat is
....w.
It
•
.utbt-li~
.
!I
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-04-11
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-04-11
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n097_19140411
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n097
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2cd9076807d84fa3008d2e54cf69a84e.pdf
2ca2a6c59317ab89eb8529d70220242d
PDF Text
Text
•·
~T~~
IP ·LT IS
97
YOUR SUIISCJUP'l10I' l!ltPIRBS NI!XT WEI!It
•
PLAN OF
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
the Ulb\uCe of u many women u will devote r. few houn of ·
Constructive and for the Benefit of the Great Majority
-Includes the Initiative, Referendum and RecaliUnivqsal Eight-Hour Day- Direct Employment
and Abolition of Private Contracting.
A're You · Qolnc to Let Gould ·a nd Hayden
·Starve the•strikers Into S~bmleslon?
LOCAbFIREM'EN fROM'··
. PUTIINC oUT s2s;ooo
ol. ~d vieildty will bold~ Tag Day am' Baturday, April
ULI"ILL.
. ..
Lll
Drun~tq,
'
FOR DEPEW STRIKERS
TIN SOLDIERfiiREvOO .
Soi.J.... s~~Beat u~ Old
But
Run for Fort Gould· Wh~ Striker Comes to AidSon of Gould ·Boss Hdd on $4000 Bail for
Stabbing Strlkf Sympathlur.
YOI~ ~~ ~ kiDdl7 npOI'\ to W. P . Cattell, 604 Mutual
.Man
8r.aurd&J mOndac" at
10' o'clook.o
-:..····:~.:-__-;:c.~~ary~?:. :~-:n.!d
·
:=;:; r!:t'wbkh~a:::~
Ou of the dAily p&~ in·~ af.tlrl& 1&71 : "U b jUJt t.hiJ
rueraJ m&Dapr of the Gould Coupler Worka, buis hil hope~
'
-
'.
~
be 'WfV.iq' t.o help t.bue mtD. ~ t.heiJ; ~··
8ocl&linl will·npotC"tn 'ntllclent numben, to make
clu& that there II a growing aolldartty &mOD£' \he
i
T'-ot 1•rimary e lec tio11 iD Yilwagkte
in,
to the m~ting bu l>e<i!ll
eu t l ud tbtre will be
Oru.J Juoetloa,
recoe11tly,
utato of •!o,OOO to tbe
....,.,, upo11 tb e du t.il of bi•
bi1 will 1o0111e IIDIII btqu~tl
to e•·ery Sodalilt ~~~l""IJiaJ>fr
rNidue to tbe nation~ I ueeuth·e ,,_ 1c ...- .... _
mitteeof tb e party.
Jut wecik re.ulted i11 th e oominatloa yer, who diN! be rt
•!•ott all Uu1.Bcoclali•t no 111 int~U.
NOII· j,.ttl ... ra elee Uraa i11 Yllwaratee
INI run 011 tb e aliminatloa jllila. · Far
i111tanee tbeNI wtre foar undl.late. for
aa,yo r at the primary. ·01 tb eao tll e two
~eh·Jng tbe hlcbHt Dumber of YOI~
go 1111011 tbe ballot at the NCOadary
of
~ntitt
'• Call?
~=
�home.
: Why not-~ve ~ou·r Bell T~e~ho~e Qn ~)and. · to help out?
,.
. .. .. ·
. You will hi.lp• us" to do Jt I! you wlll giVe us ·
15 days notice..
.
·~
-1..
CommadaJ l)rcpartmmt.
1
:'\
..
~;
-
CaU ~Sawa l:z,ooO
• '
't
••
..
f. •
.,
'
..,
1 1 \; New York .,
-
·
Telephone~.co.•.
ll'ol!_,.ma..
1""'"·
~·ratnnPil~
W. 0. LF.E,
l'•eoioll"nt B. of R. T.
~ ,.·, n
.\. M
e:_._ __
_
SAYS CAPITALISMS
·ArfJetter•:settung.
Tbeoa.l,.~ ....-papwba&M .....
oo.... .t R-Yof'll: Oky, ........
-dqi)Mttu&.NM.ot&biWorklacCIN&. -10--.f« l-aa.. ..
Oflk<. 315-317 Gco..o -
'' \1>ol th,.
•nork~r•
.
®
liTo'
.,.•11••• thi~ fart to "
u y ou ha'f'e Neurad the required
~~,.~·l.:n·:~,:~,,t;~";,~.~::·~~ .:~:J: ;~:~~n !:; ~u;b=~willu~t!'~~J'
n~:::.- ~~n:o•~;li,•~e l'~~:i~n~ :~:..~l~tti~7! ~: r~uropa: :OOU~~ ,::.b!::UN.
t>r~:u"~'l I>•· •n•l fnr tbe worke111.
lt
:~,:k: ·~::/:.~!<' n:,';;~ ",1::;,.~~~ ~·~:~~:~u1;:
~:::c·;,:.::' ,,.,,,,,.,•.,.. '' ""~ ·~,
OD 1.0 lloeheltet. Sell.d 1D your oame
t4day.
.
ROOM fOR IMPROVEMENT
": :•;;' ,;::.:;.
s;;:H:~. ~~::"~
AT lAFAYETTE
Thr
io
wht·n
ronu ~ 11
trur.
tla.~
romin~:
thr 1>ation'o '">0"rt'U, iudu;trir8 anol
J•ul•liru t ilitiH,..JIIIIPO"'"'"IIInol
t ah••l !Jy the l "'"J 'l~ and not b~· a .,•. P•l""'''"'"'
l*'"'"·.,ly few upi tali•U.
-"'Tht da.•· io rominJ: "'hrn tb cre
hf! •rl'""'~· r<>llr11~• and uu in,.itiM
all c_bihlr<"n.' ":he n th~ rbiltlreD o r
workina:tmau 'fill llf' takeu "'"or
mill•. farto ri ~~ kntl owen t•bop1 and
en thl"irjull b.. titagt>.
'•Thr •lay i• r<>n>in~: wh .. u tllfl
tan l"'"Pie ...;u h,. a fr.-t:, hpJ•.'·
pro•J~·r<•n• j"'<lplt•; ..·hea tbio ..·orld
b& a worltl of br<>tlteu. tlti•
out . J..-,..; ... h,.u th" uu~ h
of mau.....ill ha•·,. heMmP an ft~tu.li ty.
- • • 'Bollalo, N . y,
.
- . $2.58 b):1.1.
$2.45 to $4.1
$1.25 to S3:!1
-~:BUFFALO SHOE
BoyS sbc:cs
IUIIIS llllUlfilll.
8BN~
AND BL.LIQO"'T &Ta.
Fret Competition
Under \..afntalltsm j
poltllton, that;,., tb.• roml'elilion ' '"
hrn tl. -alt lta nUmat eriai J>oll'tt, a nd
tbe Mluc.t10o ant\ d~•·eiOI'mrllt <>f tbe
hij!hPr an •l mor~ noble 'lualitiea of mu.
Jt ... illkac<>nt j>elitiooforintelledull
a nd ou>ra \ aruunpli~hnlfi M • and elf<>riA.
At>d m<> D<>f'Oir u..:der Sodali•o• wlll
m~an tbe ~<>ntrol <>f the rbief• ecooomie
-.u.*"FAitD1211 ...
~-..
LoUISMAI~EL::
~-~~ ~
..;,c~ ·.c.,.,.,_
9ee·9e7 BRO'ADWAT-
Class lnrerest
• and ·M.:,chiinetv:
'.11Mip
.
taplon. 1tt Clt•m .
m,;,.,, th ,".
.,_,
- ,.. IIIII
�Ownership
. .
.
~ -~
wu
;......
bette. a<mpll&d than in the
people of ' Watan N.,.. York and tbdr
owDonblp of ~ la,...t lndcpendcnt T dephone System In America.-
The F«<cral ·
v.,.,bulltft. ·. y;,.. ~ft. . h ba clvie
institution that iw adfu*d lor you the
jlroblan that beocir d&s the tclepbone probiC1n. Aslde &om the
great eMe ~tride It ~b, It has pald
yoo welllinandaJJy.
veat-
• Our 7% pt<lcrred stoc:k b a better investment than you can make elsewhere- It
pays a large~ income in. moneY and a
tremendous bonus to your city and sur~
rounding country in better service and
Katt~rtl e hl,
the orisioa«J r
"::!)"L~~!~d~··~~~~~~~11m::~
fewtbatare mos tcapableofaothat quutlon. T~ ~ l~tu re w ill
e•·ui n_w:, AJ •ril litlt., Jil-6, at
·~ .-\rmbrutl't llall, to ro t.r
and Bai\t.y an!:aue.
it; Lri11~ you r fr ieotla; il'l
tlt.atth oun .. tl•• •"'
·
• 1 Upw to Get What
lower rates.
The Federal Telephone and
Telegraph Company
BULLETT'S SHOES
The Shoe With a Reputation
LEoNARD SISTI
Ll~rht Qrocerles
r.-try JllfKJ•
o• lo-eo l flo.J n!newal.
8oola/lali BooU and lb(ulaea.
l u tb .. t.oar.J of dirHion of tb e Huf·
.&.11 ~of Olpn and Cicai'IIUea. 1~ 1., ~O<"i a li•t."
.I/~ ,,.,.,.,.
,s,,__
·- - --
taR~ ~.~ i:"bt, ..-o•·: :.:~oioc:~ti!!~"'la.''
..,M fort he bf'Mfltof
- - - - - - - - - ;;;;;,-§.;;;n:d•.!••~;;~•:::~~~~~·,.:c.~:-. 1
I
MERCHANT
.::::
FOUil
Do a 't io rg.-t tlt.e
en~ 11e11•:~:~ ..~~-~~~~f.: ~~~~~ ~\!:~e
On Suoda,·, .-\q•il J!tb, fh e.re ,.-ill be If YDII 11l1y, ainJ or"tlo
a~~ytbing
"i!"I~~f.:tl~~ ~~;~~~;
".·.••«••""''-"
l •~rr,·
1nd Q,.nt ltretll.
th:'o';.';:;:~,•;i,~~e._ ·~=~:.la~tr 8 ~~d;l:aod~
.,.·bich l•ro.-ed •·ery lutere-ti11g.
8~boola. "
;,;"n,:~"\v~~~!~~~c·~~~~~.. ~"t0b: ~~:
mill,..: would like to make 11 re port.
·
\' oa aee.l 1101 be
1 -···'- · ' ~,,_,·:::CC:.C.
of tllla IHgue to come «< tb it
~:•· erybody welcome.
:'\o
·
-
Saturda:r e•·eai ag. AJ><il llth.'
to priu bowli11g by t.llle 8ori1liot
iaorde rtorsi•e fultdtfot the
oJ•I papel'll. . ~b· ~tile Cull\"erttiOII wlt.ieb ..-ill he
Bu~b~
Ro<"bl!tter, Jn ly 4th a11tl :;t h .
Sis
iotbetime to lb owyourintet~for
mo •·eme.ol. Local Rodteoler i1 e11dea•·or·
s.;:•a!':! ;.,
1:::::=-:::=-:::--:::::11Sp;Jng SuUs
Cop Co•ts
B•lm•t••ns
U p w the eiAu.re 1111M, CQOII,
hOl:IM' attd weu"-~1Jitill1 qoalltletattd lo-rl.b.&DtJ-.WhtTI (a '
priot h the S I,OO AN for OCU"
Sp.rlDc Oloth lnt. W e al't abow·
lUte aod eol¥!prebeaIIIJ a
ti H •UIOrt.IIWlotoflt)'leiU
"I'.,.
~;~:~~~~~~;ii;i~~: l l $10,$12,$111,$18and~
ALl IIIII LAHL
Rlu ·Spri,. &iS, C•p,
~Sjlifi~ .Cits, f:lr.
THE EmiPIIIE
..._,,..,._,.,..11
TWO.ro,IUia
......- ..... u"'""'~St.:
·IUO , . , _.•
�~-~~.
PUm.lSHI:D
YUKi'\-
BY TKil
. RUFFALO SOCIALIST
I'UIILISHING coMPANY
60&4Q5 ~
IRJI'PALO. N. v.
Uk......
~l '
.....Till HmSSUDt. .....,_
....aT TVTT1C.L. a....y
~~....,1.-.~
~
Jl'ltAJ& ~ T -
w. P, CA~ . _ ....
Jllii'FALO..N.Y.
PTb SJJIO I * .,_. 5lk .tz IDOIIdllo payaM. Ia , . _
~·
~-~--}..wS. i,~Z.atlb.pllll«&c.at~NnrYd.
uadertbl;~o1Marcbl.J179
.
SATURD.n', APRIL <, 1914 ·
TbeBoeialitt of Olrt.rd, ·Ia-..bl'.,
·
Dkk Hoa11•&o• for . ~~~&ror.
fore.aref~~.u...
!uJudtlet udtoabl.a:
lloe Skitlitta. n.e Girard!
"TII~·wm bl ao trouble>
aatl-8oel.al~.t aadldat. ir
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-04-04
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-04-04
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n096_19140404
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n096
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Militia Shoot Volunteer Firemen
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/88ee0b6e1ac291e9010ad4f819bd9191.pdf
21860c7ddd3637de3aaef67095e44a03
PDF Text
Text
LOCCA'rn.~a.
Y O U R - J.AII1.
IP IT IS
·
••
•
YOUII.
3UIISOtiPTJOf( J!lt.
I'IR!S
NEXT-
•
�AN INVITATION
-TO SPOO ll
FOURTH .WITH
Mary's Me.Senger.Maka Sad Mistake of Trymg tD Prove Sbciallalll
Bad People with .Liat of Ten·- <;rimlnal ReCord · of 'Ministers Given by
Catbol,ic Union and Tim;es as 26 ;... Peril GlveslUcorclofJOB Crimes.
Committed by PrieSt~- Some Informal~' '!'Oi;fh..Keeping.
-
"'
no ~:.erJ":C:~i~~?f8 ~c~a~~!~ ~e:d~ t!:u~t88~~~~~:i ~~i•c=:~i:,a::::'!t:!t~t~~ial~stK
have
· . We Sotialistll do not claim to be angela, but if eompariaon c'ouuta fpr anything, perhaps we are
not 110 \'l'ry bad aft t r -all.
,
The anti-CatholiC5 hll\'e r aked the coun,hy 0\'t.r, and in the" Peril" jluliah l& lid o r 108 Jlrie.<cta
who ha1•e atrayed from tile fold. N...ot to be outdone, the Catholie~~ come baek-ui the Catholic Union
and Times with a list of 26 miuixters who ba,·e left tb l! atraight and narrollf pith. T hen to pro\'e
~~e~~f~~~~ ::~~1! ::! t!',~ r~~~;"~o'':~~;~:a~~~~~~~~~::~~ta :::~~~ 8~he1 i:;~r~::: C!J~=-h a~rt1::
crimes chttrged against the Socialists in most callt'IJ t he.\: injured no onr but_ thelnsel\'e.!i.
charged with murder. Mnlon or forgery.
'
.... ~
None are
But T~~~g~;i~ll.\~~o~~~~~i::: 1~h:i~e~~~d~e~0 ~~1 8!~r~i!u~~~~~~~!i ~bl~~ ~~~i~~~~!~e~i~!~,0 ~:~~t0C:t
The Firat Dbu-Jct. lnelt1cl" Ca~ca.
their traduc er~~ who ehai-ge th r m with Hery crime on the calendar.
lndil'iduala in '~'·e ry church anti organization ha,·e gone wrong. •
Socialism stand11 upon ita philo80phy ami .aehie,·cmenta and appeals neither to ignorance or
c·::·:. ::.::,:;.:. :':',: .. :::.,, :C:I ::nc~U:~.B~~~:!.'.,O:,;::.,L1~: prtjudiee. Who can aay u much for our opponeuttT
l..nl. Saneca, Warne. WJOIIIio&
Yun.
and
.
(From tbe. Peril, Match IS, 1914.) {Crimes of SocialistsTaU:nfromSt. (F~ Catholic Upion and
1
Mary's Maaenru , Feb., 1914.)
Much ·19, 1914.)
..
.
1
MOVING THIS SPRING 7
If you are, doa't~rcn·:roa~
&f! !.Ph~. •
T he men who move your furn itun; are ~ ot te\1:· ,_
ph~ mea - ~bey cannot move your te1qmp ae.
So, let as have your removal order dt ldlrt. two
wub in id..-aDCC,J:I!Ore if pouibk,.
Remember, pleue, there are hundreds of families
in Buffalo moving at about the same time~
many of tlmn ho\'"e teleph ories.
•~
YoU may be only one, but we ore: anxiou1 t o ...
give )'OU good iter-vice a nd you enn l'ldp !?• in
thi1 way.
Do you haYe busine-n in New
York City ? Why aot trnel by
&II Telephone ?
Round Trip fa~ only $ 1,90
New York Telephone Co.
Tdepboae~r,
Cburc.b and Fruklin Strccta.
Al(ltate and eu-rlbe for the
ll\rDetter:::Bettuno~
The oal7 Germaa Dn"tpaper Ia the .... ocu.a.s. fll Jfew Ylll'k Olty, repnMDdllflh• lra&ereet of lM Wlll'klq OlMiL -10 - · fill' I - · ·
Qffi«. 315-317 c;..... Sbut • • 8ullalo. N.Y•
.1914 Spring Stples
.
®
Are the finest line
."'
-
.
$2.50 to SUI
$2.45 to $4.1
$1.25 to S.tl
BUFFALO SHOE CO.
IIIIIISiflllSUif.llBsaJ .
SENI:lCA AND BL.L.ICOTT 8'1"&.
We ;m : showi nt.: now all
the n ewlcrentio n s in
spring) soft and flcxihlc
hat!!. The displn-'· is bet.
t~· r than cn·r befo re and
q uality;mngc fro m ·
All exC"CI\ent vnlues n nd
nil uni on lnhd. We hnn•
fair vnridy of Winter Sui ts ami On·n·oat!',
and we hlwe cut t he price
~ti ll ~~
~
so low that st"lling- should
be bris k.
·
UNION 00008
Baoanan Hall
-rwo erroa.ms
191•19J 6tnt•tt St.
I
IJDD 3•"•n~n St.
JOHN UNVERZART
· S••P'' ~~~~·
THB HUB
<,. 84 ··~ECA .IT.
·1.__ _ _.;...._.;,..._.......
..
..
. ·.
.. . .
· ~ zze
8~
~..,. ~
William F ·Eiarnard·wm Lecture at Conle~s Oonseniato.ry~ 860 Main St•
81oamore
oor. Reed
S.Mrlbe '"'
1
. - .- .
. . .
I
~
.
.
.
..
"'
.
. .
-·
�.,.,.·
- AT -
ARMBRUST'S HALL, Genesee Sc and Bailey Ave.
· Sundilfl,
m11Nb. 291/J,
ill 8 P.
m.
tOt;:ent:•
San Francisco's
Praise ;of Buffalo
J. M. Lynch of the San Fr:mclsco Chamber
of Commerce and representative In the recent
hearings before the Department of Justice.
s~aks eloquently of Buffalo's degree of civic
Interest.
" The manner In which you have met the telephone situation Is an example", said Mr. Lynch.
"It's splend id! The telephone problem that ·
beSets other cities, you have met squarely.
You "have bullded a wonderful system of your
own ! You have bullded It - your caplt.allsts,
you r w~gmen, your teachers, you r ftremen.
you r policeme n, you r citizens : It serves you
well and you exemplify an Ame ricanism that Is
an Inspiration to the nation "
LOuis Josephson
..................
lf«bnttr ;;;;,;,, Cl•tbl•g
UJ'OOff~P--Pto..uou
~ 7o...._.ac ..
Buffalo.N.Y.
Several thousand Investors have made pos·
slble the condition Mr. Lynch speaks so well or.
ARE YOU ONE? The Federal Telephone
Company's 7% Preferred Stock pays a larger
income tilan othe r Investments and It pays a
tr~mendous dividend inr-R~licid v.antage.
The Federal Telephone -and
Telegraph Company
Prices
$2.00 to
$4.50
Jo•eph Wuts
BA..MPLB:ROOM
e..... W""'-4 .e'P*... ...w c.,.....
15110 a.u., A'Wenu•-
.• ICH-8UPPDITII8 SHOES
~:";,..:::,''[...':,~;;:oo•
MADB TO OADHA
'""•••••
----
BACK PAY AWARDED ' I
_.AU.Uat Klenke ~~.~:'::·;:;~~~~::;.~,.:~:~m:b~ '"'··.::··c···:·.• :,·::.::."....,........,.,..,.,.
J.f.ICNIU'.IOII,WWI.IL
Nr ~'";.~::d!·~~e'7r:e::~~:: l ""'"''""'" '·""'· ,...., "''
THIRST PARWR
j .,J,hn oloo bN'"'· wh l~h reuntlx rai.ed
:u.,.
ht
of lut
l llte. lht tl!.t:!,-
ol.
i
t o i0, 1 40JlCirio~
w~om hd ld! til e t<lm t•PY'•! 'I""""'' ''""" ~"''
but • ·bo 'lf011ld be l!i•·n Oh•l",· i>" ':":"'' """ "'"'''"'""'
dr.n~ ud. Th e
56 Seneca Street
Up Stairs
ALWIN EHMS
Ryan D.eb~te'Summed _Up'
�.
~~~
-
~ 9Dia.T aT na:
BUFl'ALO soaALIST PlliiLISIIING .aliii'Al'IY
--......U~
TVTTHIU....._.,
adTIIf..asauat. ,......_
-T
.....
BUPPALO,N.Y.
.
~---- T -
W.P, CATTa&.,-. ....
Jt.M... 604-6GI5 M.ltal ~......
~ Nra s•a ·, . .,.,, • •
~·
JIUPIIAL.Ot N. v.
.-...,.,.... .. J.-
......, .. ~_._J-S.Jfll.lll: ..
,..cac. •...._,._v-.
--e...:tai11Mcb.S.I&79
'
•
SATURI)AY. MAROlD. 1'14
PLENTY OF WORK?
is
Th .. c'Hpitlllillt prt.'*l
ha,•ing an awfu l t ime t rying to
,.,·en· onr who Wlllltfl work can get it .
,
·All kind ~ of liJ IIH'e i 11 d e ,·oted to 11rticles &taliog
lodio•l't• thll l tho• 1111111hcr of tlllc mployed is
tha t tllt'rt> '" pl t•nty of room iu
·
rwhocly to u..,. it. Sueh a_ lot
I
amo un t of ·mw•uploytm•m 111 so g reat
o•lfnrt tn I'(I IICt'lll it .
t)u;• pii]Wr 1\Uikt'!l th e l!t ntl.'mt·n l :
:· All
rro,·e thatlio~:;, ",~':.:::if,'::.•:;:~;~;;:.;>;-;d,;,~~
11 m11ttrr o f ft~ct,
fll'/'••111"1! 10 tw 11 li<'nrcity .,r luho r r o:1Hiy f or hard work fo r th e
of food. looiKilll! ntul c·lu th i n ~t.'' And men 11re cxt•ected to
Tho'"'' johli Wit hulll ltl OII<'~·. \o•JI\'illj: th ei r (nmi\io•!l hume ~ ~ .
Who·ll 11 r·mn··~ to j>UrL•. lllllltlulh: rllt ctl gall lht• c11 p11ah11t
Jw\d~ Ult •t \11 \N 1\ll< i l"hiiiJ <•Hj.!"CI'i 111\ <"011 1\' Mi.
It i~ II <JIII'cr lmuul o f into·ll_igt•m•c tl~ut p ro!llpts. th e pcopl_c o r .~ .... ....,..."'''" .••, ...... ,•., • ..• •• :·:.:.:..:..
tlu· J!"rl"lll • ·~ t nuti•m ull o·urth to 111\ o\own odl y 1111t l Willi for h ll!lllle!l8 "!"'••:··;-c: "···:·: ··:c,"
\ll pir•k lljt, WhiJ,. tho• \lloll\0"11 Hll d <• Joi\dr+"ll lill fft·r !ur 1\"lllll Of f ood,
w ith ]olo·ul~· uf It ,Hilnm n'~"-''_"_ _ _
t
\\",n\du~i t
l~t·l tcr
induS·
I
J.,. 11
p\1111 tn h!i\"t• tho· 1''""]'1<• nw u t\11"
I
'' " '""'o~litir•o; a~ ll<"t·d o·o f,r 11~<•·. :o ntl · r col ncc th e
h"ur,; olf
m s!f•nd
th r uwiu)! m•·11
ut
nm l
r\o·pri•·iuL." th~·~~~ of tho • no•o·o•i!>!Hri•·s o f lifo•
ri c~< ltnd
11111UI"·r <•!
I''""' luo·c
lnhor
of
out
work_.
11•·
; : : :i :·: ~: : ·.:r.:D:}::·:·:::.:·:::. :::·;::::::::: .:·:::. ··::::::.:,:.:::::·:::::.::::::. ::;·'" ~', ,:,.' ~·;, , ,; .· ·,; '; ; ; :;·, ,; .,,
::.i..
thL , .' ,.,,. tl w
~:ro · nl ·· ~ t
"' tlu·
ho~tury
..
:··. I;; ..
;,,;;;;,,;.
,J" tlw :-;,,.JUJtst !rl<ll"<'lll<"lll
""". J;;~;;,;;,;;·;;,;;_;;;,;,;~·._;~
.\ Ju ll h'lj lllil.\ u\1 ,,.,j .~tr ••o •1 o·a~ ~IT• · TIIILILi iiJ,: SIH'<"~·~.duiJy in.
, ,,,. ..,
\\"Jo•· w>t J,., lt u !TIII' ' 11111k•· a slur! loy jtii\IIIIJ.:" Ill 11 IL
\l,ilo•\ ,\v •."nuo •,' T h•· l"o ' II~U ll : .Mr. l'~·nw·~·. :\l r. ColliH'I'!I ;utd ·"'"·1 '".'!!""' "' ' '"
1 ·.,ull:' ll•· lll't• fro,·nd~ ,f :\Jr. F urhnoll ll ll n ull :\lr. !'<ullinm.
c:·'"'·':o···-,o: ·;.;,:;;,~.;.:,;~;;~;·; qvanto:; :O~c.umm.t.OT. ::~f~~;"::~:~ ::~~'~::·:~.~
~·,r: .'.~l;::~~~~:~';'::·~;-~,,',:~·; ~:?.it~,:;~;·; \,::~:~,~··,::;::~~~~'f::::::~.:~:l:,::~'::it::;~~~:~!,',',~~;~~~~
•o•• ,,-• ' ""'"' of U1e J•uh'. Tlu! daim I• ••••l111 that
~~·"'':~,,,.:~·~·-~"!.
of 1111 I . W . \\" . nonn o·llll t·d 111 hi;; ulli•·•• nn d l"·ut h iUI up for cx prcfi.';·
~~~\~'t',:' ':::•. 11 .,~::;,.' 1~:~il:~n;,','';~~t·ss
ul
II<L!
tlw <"ll jt il is! <Ia ilio•s rt•Cortlt•t! I lh e
]'Hpcrl!
11 1u n !o·r of tht • ,.,Jo,,. r nf th•· l·"i~nrfl OUt• nf th t·
\,· udmg
I''""'"''"''·"""
S ho • nm l lu:r
i
;:,·.~~·;r·;,\" ';~;:··;~:~~ ,',·;;, '~::, :~;;[i:riri~h~h:•;<:·:::::~·· lk:ll;;:,tu,',~~ \~~~~, :-;:li~~;o r~~:~ •I
I "' r~•.;~;;;!''~:, ,:::: :~,','l ,;·;:,'l'i'~; •;·,·,~~::.';''::::~:~rul~l :~~~.,.··::~~.~~~~~i~t•~ t~I~Uit~~ll . theJHih·
h·· uf til<" dllll l:•· r" ,.f !111• rndi•·n l ,.J,•Jfi Cilt ll"hich •·ol' trol11 tht· Soc inli11t
]';on•· and t ht· lu l •fll' u u ium;. It dn i111 .~ t o
fur " litw a ud
111oo\ ;,J.:JIImil dulo· w ·•· .
. \II .\"
u lol thi11 11 t o
pl t· ll ~o· tht• hus~
sttuul
foolthe
111111 tu
peo pJ.~.
order,"
·~.,a
ftlt'mher
th~e
,..-a no,
I'I'JUDa UTa ODMB&..
" h - lloe t~e "or t U id~lrlal d..
iiJI" !Mt the in t eretoh of apital allll whiP.Ill~&ll.illlfreGIIrkab l•~·''dt·
labor .,... ideat;.,al, or wo rda to tbl
AdoiJib (k.--.-, 1..,-; 11.,.t ia tb ...
of hot.b tile 01i t ed Wlo•
A ~lica ud til e SeciaUrt
ot
o
~ ~:· :.: : :.::: : :.: : ~;: :':~:i::;::.;~::.::::,;:T::::::;:i~~:::\ ;:\,:;: i~~',:~:!i' '~ I:,
:,•' ::', ,1~;~~:~r! ~~:;:~ ·; :1~:.'·:~ : .11~ : :~ :~,:~i·~, c~;:~:~:~::~~~!~~~::~/:~t,~·;:·;,:,~;;~/~:~1.~~f:~~~ f::g.:;:~c~~
he bu 11(11
::~::~~.~:~~!~'"~~·b~~=~:.~~~:~~~:~ .~.:.~ ::.u-::;:. ::: s':,:;:;',!~i-!-:~.~~~
"""'"1.
:·;,~u ',',',";;;i.~'t.r' ~~.~: ~~·;:,~·;,, .','.~ ;a:::~ 1::~";: .~:.\:·~~::•·;:;,r '/;::~~ r::·~:":,\'.~· ~tlliL<~ ~··it:
'"'" .,f urti•·l•·s d .. tnlrwutul '" l11·r· hu,; luu Lti.
;e;:_
Lon.l 1>-.~· t oa, Oh io. lou rai-l t llf' ~for111 Jt.rtlnj! oa tbe .ew 1'\'.11111~
quHtion of lt:pllly of J . 8.. Co •e.r'~
U.lldida,.y for Oover11or 1U II lllf•mbet IOCl:A.Ll:lft JIAJD:JfO 8UJ
FRENCH EDITOR KILLED
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-03-28
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-03-28
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n095_19140328
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n095
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Carmen Refuse to Haul Scabs
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/b9a83811f69843a1150e474963269bf1.pdf
b0d9d64f19f5493c66f6c46ec5c8280e
PDF Text
Text
LOOitATnta-~
YOUR Aooa.I..UIL
IF IT IS
'
96
YOUR 3VII5QOPJ10IOI' IXPIRES NEXT WJ!II:
�. .
. . Ofll fB1IAI.
LAlOR CODICIL
.IZ\
wuoeallf'd toon:\t!r 'lll'itb
wal'd ia tltc tloair.
of X. X .
ai'Jr.io~t
"Ont mDmtnt. Pltlst, ·
thfo tollatll
alt!J» to idorm the i•q!itt C.••mio<ioo·lwbi<b
en do at t b.e 1Ddia11 MotoNyde
~hop,
p.ay ••• a atnu:il:
...d to
Co••· I"""'"'''"'"
Public ~tkpbMt tailing,:
U.b rtalll11tpublielty~iblt.
A··"'m"'""iut lo" wu ~ived
Ute Ck!ak atul Skin )bker.'
St.. Louia,
iofol'lll in~
ua of
A
1
tPt Hty.
~rotted
Inlrgate Rotb
tht
.
dut William• of t he Baildl111
Depanmeat. Waobill~~;:ton, D. •
paid a \'ilit to tht rit~· to
..
ut
walt.
·~ """'"'·x::;::~.i;'~.::::.
~a men
t111 a Dd S11IU•·ao of tb t Laltt
Wulllar.,..... !0 -oi us, U!>'t
~?
Perba.. you !law~';my It·,...
-ary. .POIIIWy ,... haw been a ·
lltdc..,.,j,y.dat-ovu·• ·- . r
IU'a il!:\ltllOU!Ihedil!i('nlty
ill~~~~~,:~~~::
I
.
On calli """' ..... pub& tcJcP- the
t.iH!''
..Iron Ia ubd by . ~ operator to drop'
In the boJ: the co!n i«tulred In ..yma\'t
for the mcUqe. .
ealllnr you and t<XIflrmlnc the
numb.. called, ·she mUll have the time
to request the deposit of the coin.
~ alter
This little· explanation may save you a ·
' slight lnitatlon on the nat occasion
like this.
Yoo wtil ~ that the operatar alway>
sal? "Please."
New York Telephone .Co.
Tdepl>ooc Buifdina',
,
Oturc:h aocl Pruklin Strccu.
Asltate and aubeorlbe for the
pr on ol ll"''" t n I><' i n a n·ry
('01l•h t ion a!ld t h~ ! 'nil UTI-:1'•1 R,,] olo•
..... l>a,
j,j
llrfletter•:Beitnn~t.
o...-
II ""' ' thai
:" .
.
\\"toil i"~;:,.,. tb:.~;..,::.,.;7'tl,~•f , .::~:
:~:~:~ ;~~~~~:;::..·:::,'.'!!.'I:,~:~~:•,;1;,~;::•:;•·11::: i~~~~~:·,~ :~' ': ~>il~~~~' , ',~t:; ,•, ': ::~·;;t~'
::~·1~·:11 :~~;,,~;;~;.:;:_:.
\It urn••.'
T be oal7 a-&za MWipapw Ia &M l&aMi
of l f - York <..1tJ, repNIeullq tbela&erelt of. \!Itt WorklDc OS... .- ao.~ forB ..C.U..
~~~:::.:.~;.:.:!;:.\::~::~·~:;:\:·:.:.~: : ·:;:I ~~::~:~.~:;,~.::;: :.;: ·~: : ~: ;: :J.~·~:.:·: ·.: :
t o t lw o•ll"o•.-t thllt tho• ~ '"".-! t,,.,k n•n.•·
1,.~.
o·o•nt " ""
<lu\l ~r
Tbo• o•l.t..•nt uf tlo ~
o•f tho• "''"
\•1
th
LYNCH LAW fOR LABOR?
f>oolurr
,:<'! •' " " ''!'""''' "' " ''"" \"ork .,.,., ,b,,..n
Wlwro th o• ""• utti Aftiran antboritir~
,.. t,," .hto\)!1' 1\uu;: h i u th !'nol o••\ "' '""'' . ~eoO'Il .• o•1 o\,..t IU lahor ln•l• ·•~ 11 ..;. 1'
r uurt urol~ ''''t tho• , .,.,.,... ,, t o ,,.11 t hr ,Ji ,t "'"''' t lo.n r i•l t lu·m·~lvr• t r. nrpo ra;.
:rumt··~ nth >Uo•o·t ""o\ ''"' "''"'!'"'"" o\ .•· or I> fo·n· t ruuhl"~" "'~ a,ri tatol"'.
CrawliJt•l •"""' I''"'·'· >t u ro·• at,.,,.,;.,, I•.•· Th r.• J•U t a ;u11 m:t "I"-'" fr,.,. ;:o\"rtn·
Tho• lho•hm "' " "' ,.·ill I•~ 01 ,. 11 , .
:O.l ar r h !'I.
on ll J, ... !l>r<> """ uut of .,·o r k.
Tbo• ir .. lh·A i ioto• llro' thnt !bo• do•t-o•i t·
<> >• of t h~ t•tii";OI~ lo~nk ,.{ ll o•nr.•· ~i f·
,;rl ~1>·1 ''""'1'" ".1' nht nt a lt•l.\" ma_1· U'<'<'>'" ~
ahu u! 10 ·· ~ r!!, <J!I tl•.' olnll oH . ..-ith n ~o r·
tC•['• > n<tin;:l~· • •nail •ll•·i,),.,.,J fo r the j:~n·
·· rNli!o ro. Evo•n th •.•
lo~
pouo••l ·" ''"(•rnl ~· ,·u~ 1·~· loti~lt i on
T ~o· rruu lol<·• nf ll ~nr .•· Si~;:··l nn•l
F ran k ~:. \"<>II•• I, ~l ,.• a•l.•· I brir~ inll lctr<i
rrRI
anol
may
'"''!•·• f::.>."""
,,,,,,.,_,.
to
rNr t
a rt• ei th er
""'~·til <'•
&Bl'IIECA AND BLLICO'JT &T&.
~~~~b
i~o= u<>rlln t ,
if
if
j]u~nt i ~ t t ...,;,.,;,... th~•· nr,• ~irh and
,, 111 ial.
'
t 11 th i~ i ronnn 1·r, • · ;11 """ ' of
1
!;'.:.',~·:~ . .~,;,,, \~:::• ,..,:~~:;tl•:::;~~~~ . . :::~ ~i1n~;~:~ ~~:·:,11~~~~~:~·;1 ~:,. ;:c,m~~~i:~~
~j' 0:~:::~~~:~·: .~.'.;·: :·~·: ::::~:~:;:?. ;:~:·.:J;~:::~~:~·~=~:~'~: .{!~::~:~;:
W illi:~m l'r id ·l•.•· ... hu ....,'-'''"''ta l
man· o•ou rl > a 11d ri,;ht• lo.••'ou ntn tR r.•' J•t<t<:ll!lll,
j 11 •t ""· i rr ~ ~~ lnt ~rHI uf mine o,..uen,
.
a,:rr of, rh, Bo.to;m >lnrf.
~~~~-.~~.:;~~:~~:~.:::~~~~.~~!:::~··~:::~;·~.~:~: ~·:: r:::.~~~~:=.~ ~~~.:·~·f::··~;;:~;;::
~~~~:•: ~: ··:~: ~·,:,~~.~:::~ r~::;.~;; :~;~o;:~~~ ~~~~:f:il~~::li:/~~;;·~~~n"h£::~:~:::::~
i
r:~:~~;h~Bi~I~:.;,t~i~ f.~~~t}f~:~~~:.:~;~2fff;:;~~ :~;::·~:;f:fi;~~;l~~~~:;:~:~~~h·:: psuostiiiBE
""b,itt l ..., wilt ~'"'"' rh,. e-.rnr~ or all
j{t<•at Chri•liftni t~· ""an inno•r
lift,-
~~u;;;r IIO~ro~~~i1caltb:ll,;w,!~~~~~l:f .~.~~
Might and Right
A brir! n t u~iul t•ro,: r•m I'• ~·
\\'ithout mitJhl t.h rre iw "" rij.!bt.
te·l~• the addrt'...
'
hi • t ory ''~" " ,..;fueu to t h
l!fiP » .
SPRING HATS ] ~::,;;;·~:·~:.:,;~~~~:""
i
of thto i{Uat Iedou ta uJ[ht
olfo·elor•n>tnlofthfJ'OW~
•
We urc ,;hawing no w all
the uew}crent "ions in
spring) soft nnd flexib le
hnts. The display is bet·
ter thnn e\·er before and
quality range from
t•l•n tl'<t one another in the
Tb ..y totne to rea liKt
~ iety.
o.r.t e r t o • tt•l n wbat •_hey
~~~~:;.'':,:",:;;;u•re
...ciety. rron~ the
$1 ,oo to $4.00
All, excellent \"&lues and
all union label. We. ba,·e.
sti\l .n fai r \•arictv of Winter Saits Rqsl 0·\·e.rcont:s.
· and we ba"e. cut the. price
so low t hat ~~e.llin g should
be bri•k.
THE UTERPRISE
,,,.,,J
TWO 8TOI\DI
lltiiHII St.
IUD 3tfhrH• St..
e""l'pla,..aythe
tor'ia li u t itutlD IIIOf
,..ami~;h t
tbat.,ueated the
~:~~~~y i~o::;, ~~=~\r:::::J ~pi·
4"'•
IOCi~ty, Let Ill lMnl
tU
pe.•t a ad rMII&e the fac t that ria\ta
a~\'f't Jivep hu t tonquued.
taliJ t
L------:----'--'1"1"1!
BollaJo, N.Y.
BUFFALO SHO~ CO.
o><:uoll)" or ~o>tru['l. T lw_1· :~rr ij.l~or•ut
uf th o• 1'0 " ""'' uf >'0<-lo·t~·
t ho•,•• th ink
th a t ! In>~ ao•t u ot<lo•r '"''"~&• i ty . Tht,l"
Hf o' ''"" "a t oll .•· if Cho•y J•to>f 1•t 1
t l.,• obrk ro j u • ti~ .. iu..-,b 1•
<"Otfi!J•I
thron,ch
~U~>i<>ll tbn •' o·W.lol tu t hO' ri~ b
IJO>I· •tr
h :o il . .,.,., r multipll<"l
GcoaU Stout • •
Th••.•· l'torlanno··l t.l .. • ;,,. ,l,..tuft ~.~
:",•;~, :'',":~'·~:;.,.~h,:·. ~•··,:::,7.;~ 11::~:::. ';;~ ~";t..,i,:·,~~l "~,1~;1;':.,:f ~~=
~G>••
Ollk<, 315-317
Mil l Tbii:Coupoc.pdb~
Y c ... mtyou lo trr• pt.~ Gi lboei:
woacMmd. Bu&kl Sboet.
Pr.em. thl• c:ooupou to !..be Buf·
f•lo ~boe Oo. bf:fon 1r( at cIt
241h1Uidllwlllbe ndeeD>edume
uliOoeota lo m11aey oaa111J1Air
ot Bufl"alo Sboe-tt fur dn!M or work,
• uo.M.•O, ...,,OO orte.OO. ' Oor
ooupoatolhepal r ,
No& good dterllan::ll24tb, 11114, t
Nlapra WaurproofGoa.ra11teed
Double Wear Sole- oa e"fery pa.lr.
�J
·Oodd telephone ·Service
1
Is
. .Only- ~ the ~eason
.
-why every Buffalonian should be associated
with the Federal Telephone and Telegraph
ComP4J1y both as a subscriber and Investor.
investJTlents . In QUr- 7% Preferred Stock
not only pays you a largef Income than other
·Investments, but 1r a1so pays you a generous
"dividend In advantage" that accrues from
. the eXttnslon of Independent telephone
service - a substanl lal Jetum on civic In terest, so to speak.
~
We should. like to disc~" this with
you. Indepe ndent telephony In Buf·
' raio Is of great civic Importance and
a thorough unde rstanding of It goes
with good citizenship.
lf«..lltr
A
W
The Federal Telephone and
T~Jegraph Company
Louis josephson
$-;;;;,. Cl•tbl••
......... ttcdalllt.
11JO»tLAIIIU-P-"-~JI O U
370 .....0.
at: •• Buffalo, N. y ,
Prlpes .
.
$2.00 toJ
$4.50"."''' ,;.,,," '''"" '~ ··BI INSPIRING C£REMONIES
,;,:~:bo '"" ''" wBI "~.')" " " ' MARK fORMAl. OPENING Of
...::::::;.•. ,...... """'-" • ....... . SCHOOl Of.SOCIAL SCIENCE
1
~~:~~~ :~;~r ~-...
t • ..-111
~:~' ~-o.. ,. 0~;r:bit~l:~n,\e:1~::::~:n . ~;: a:;~.::
O'nllm~ir.:,
,..hat it will Lor. ,-00 will ba•·e 10 IJOundO'd
ma r kO'd th e fomoal
·
ot..-oing o! Tbe ;\l n< IO'tn l"t-bool of So
. ~f:l~~;~ ~\~~;;,~ ~~~:;}:,
·
lh~;,~entor\"
of 111,. lut .
1'0
•l.-nt t o
•
OPEN
MONDAYS
UNTIL 9P. M.
SATURDAYS·
II P. M. ·
LJ:
r./ 1
.;_ '- ..
·(_...
eon•·~ntion
.,,.,.rr
·
:
ru eJ: tra ouml)for.,
lo mak e J•t~Jillraloan ~ th~n for lhO'
hc·fore the hour for thO' rut.-r·
tbe 8s.tr of
...
taimuen t to llf'jjin
u !a t i n th~
hall ..-... taken anU »>Oua fl l!rO'•'f' r'!
l.uo~
OUR CHEAP
UP-STAIRS
RENT MEANS
ASAVING
TO YOU
~.,
56 Seneca Street
Up s.~lrs
Tbe Main Lunch .
Uf.lfut. 1"1 Dlf UD IIIIKT.
Pure f"uooh .
SI'ECIIUOAII.r .
Qulek 8erTice.
•
l 'OJlll llt
. Price.. Q o.authy aod Q11alhy.
WaH"Oflro•116Uitlf
60 4 Main S l . • Bufl'alo, N. \".
Jo•ephWuts
&A.MPL.It ROOM
~'P-" · •
c..._ ..,..._
I&M Ball•,-
c,_,...
1-"riola~· afiO'rDOOII, ) bub :!Oth, at :!:30
I'· m •• 11 1 the hoone ot ;\I rs. Allam~. 39
A<la l'lal"o:-. Thf' r tuh i• ~lu•l~· lna Allen
Tlenll(ln'•; " Tnoth About Sot:ial lam . '-'
All Soo-i111ist .,..,mea of Rnneb Tb ree
ar .. .-orolially in•· itO'<! to a tt ~ ad.
A v.m~e-
a t imely warning ~i\·en
poo.-.oaal aalmotily
W••<tuirkly reatand rh·ea.
(A
t be Allen 11•:~-}
J
··u" "'""""l
I the retent I"~Cf' diog•
v •lbO'o:-OUrhaDdlawy~>rc r imr•
tlo ee•·er·read.rJ'"'""D<:e
t he dt•·i l and h i~ hnpL
.0'1'11 PBOMD•
· tbt
.•
_· •
Kaistrb~f
I~ ~~~~~~~~~~
~
808 Wf'U.IAM STR.B&T
had&* fll501
OR Y GOODS
~Sunday Eve'g, ·March: 22, .$u
I
.
a.u. BOw. ,.....
SHOES
.
�.....__)
P\l1!ll.ISKD) WDIXLY ISY T1G
BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING COMPAII{Y
6M-6051hea&l
...
Lif, Bu6SioDf
a.utTllfiGJUI.JIIt........,_
HSJatT TUTTK1U..
~
.
BUPI"~ N. Y .
Plt.4JII[ . . . . . . . , _ T _
Y . P. CATTWU... ._....
Addr-. 604-'05 MGb.ll.d. BuO.IIar
.,.
BUPPALO. N.Y.
~ Prb SI.OOp~t,..,, .50c; tbt ~ ,.,..W.ID*
&ia.nd u~
,
mak j._ s, 1912, al"tbl•pa.t,ailke at ~ N.wYott. •
.....-tbc:&ct o1 Mudi3. JI 79
SA11JRDAY, MAROi 21, 1914
WHO 18 THE ANARCHIST?
Tit,. wurko•rll nHill l o•nu11wip11t•· T lt • ·•u~o · h·r~ ii it is to lw rlmiP i nn 1'
WH,I' :t n <l f••r tho· l10·tl•·lit nf tho· wurkt•l'!l.
~
l :t~ l lll l!
T ..
tl!Oh('
whn lUI ~' I lmt
''"'r<' i~ ""
Ill'''"
of 111<"11 twill!{ out or
lll< d t lutt t lw,l' d n 1101 louk r,-,,. it. ......~11 .''· ll<h • ·rti~·· for h 1111111 . !l ll d
t h <' llltml.,.r• of :.pp lieuti•• ••s.
W.•u dtuit tltut !h•· mn,l'nrud••d l ' f' r ,l'
lh•· ··row,] u t tho· f'0111111 is"iou h, • ur i ll~ to.
-·
lout if it h",J ]lf'l'llU lnt .of wnrki llj!lllt'll ' t
1
o·li•m••m ) l r . ll t' ltllll wou ld l11tn• 11<'1'11 q uick ly r rr,uil'litiont'd and somt
h rnd11 hli• l OJ"''l.
COMING TO AN END
~
.\m\ th lw uuty of it :dl i ~. tlmt if thiugs kerp up the
th••y ar•• I!Oim:. w•• will uot hu\"~· to wnit so long .bdore the ·• J
will hnV(" n ,.]mnl',. t o go•! bu ~~· .
l'ros!'•'t·ll• w•·n · n(•\·eriJt'lll·r.
,Sul'illlism is llt'llrf· r thnn ntollt pt't lp\t' thi nk.
Tlw I!H pituli st ~ys t• · m hns llt·arly rnu its ~,by ,
T ht• ··out·•·nlrHtirou of r·n pitul is Hiuunering tlown to th e \ 'er y
r·~~·· m···
T lu• •·ontrfl l ur in .ln ~>tr.1· loy u w·rr fi'W llt'l'IU II almost eom·
Jolr·lt·. :-:o o·ntuJ•],.h• th ut lnt.or· hns '"'''II diminn t i'd to 11ueh nn
tha t ! hon~Htlll~ . 1' \'o' ll millio ns of worko·rs url.' thrown ont o f
,\"1>1 1 ~~~ ·~ ..
1111 · 11 tT;;:~~~~~:::·t1n~~;'~~·,~
. :~ ;:,~·il~:';";~u:; t~l~;~,~~ i:0.~~-ient~·
T,~:rt~~:~e A~:~:::':i~:,0~elt:~nSoelal·
of work. or j u.at lift
i,~r:,•;:::·l:h:·~~~ut:;~.. t.:~::,n·it 11 :~··::7!i~~· ~:~::~.l'11~ ;:;••;~,,~::~~;;. f~r?~~t~0 i:Sti~ ~7t::m.~:gi;::~,
t n t irm~ tl uu IU<·II who . ha,.,. hith!'l'tu )., .cl, stt• noly worke~ art"
out of all
•·mplj~··::~:~':.•.~~~~;:_, ~~~~,~~:~~~;.~.'· ~tm,· ,J,•p~t rtuwnt.
the natio n , and in bus.i• : •·s~ tho·r .. i~ 11. loth\ •·ry fur o • llit· i t• J h·~· in or.lt•r to continue th e
tn ent. H··•·•·utly th·· lil'lll nf ~i·· I! •·I.VuH p• ·r fn il t•t l to th e It
t.•i ltio n» lwcuus t• th··~· Olo·t'>'I<' PI"'rl th r m ~t· h·t·" in t lwir
1d l lh t· •"~•nn•r n" th ut llr•• d oin11 lousiness 0 11 11'11\t'rtd
f~tkt• l11t.~ i ~ ll'••n· t o J.,. illl't'~< l i~,:n l< ·ol tlw r.· Wllllltl he 1111
ll ••r••tofo re tho • l• iL: ~·upit~tlb<t . wltr u It t'
1-urm• st·hrmt' . \\ ollltl :tppt•lll
t h•• ~111 11ll t r
1
ll tlil lwnd11. 1111d ! ht·Kl' proKpt•ron s husin,.il.'l me n
tbl!
$oli,l Sou~b
to
tho u ~~a u d .
'!' hut ••lf'lllf'llt lt ns
pll M-~cd
out of f':t ist t- n•'e nut1 th e
!:fe:: ~\'~~;.~~~~~ ~·~wtrltu·j,~l':!ili';l ;•·t~~:'\': :::1:.~~:r::g~~~~:~ ~t~~-~~~!~•· WOI U·,'I "'"m.,."
lta rd.· r I"'CIIU>I(' }1,. i~< inten.•!ilet.l fin11 111·inlly.
,..;
·
'fht: l~t of th o!!€' who e1111 im·;-~ t 11 hund r ed is ,:.:il·ing
l·i&; f••llow l ut~ ll<'nrl,v t· h~a n ..d up. II (' owu~; th e bnnl."S tm d
on cdt i u~t th e r t•!it thron).!'h th c ru.
lmpro\'t'd u~o• thofi ll hlll'l' 11oh-t'<l th (• pro ble m of prooluetion
th(• workN·s <'ll.ti produ ee If()
exto·ut th a t l e~ t~nn olnt'· llttlf
tl mt W•· llttll!ll J<dl to fon•ijtu mnrk f' lll. a nd th l.' Itorei~n eountrie.
j,1 tilt· liHIII <' ,fix look iJt \' lliu fo r • ·.u ~t omN~ th11t aN• al re:tdy over ·
• l<loekNI.
.
or
f.: n:r;.· thin~-: i11 \·rry Jli'llr to the hri!aking pOi nt.
Thi n~;,; "'"Y rexi1·e 110011 a.u ~ he h(' tl <'r (or a wh,ili', ~Ut ' the.e
t'O in t' d osc r a nd closer IOi[ethcor.
The I!Ji pital i~<t "YIIIe• u hu s een it ~ he11 t dny and is r CIHly t o die
O ~< p t !'SIIionll
at
.
·
point tht> wuy to th <J II PW Soci11li11! ('ommonwen\th , Leh
hw\'" •n lrl'rea fruw th e old ~~~·lit e m join hauda. wit h U't
no.- whil .. the "tnHrl!l l' i" hn rd eMt, fiD <l It"! it not be 811.id t.hat you
hill"(! t.o J, your 11ha.rt i11 hringi ug llltout th e grea t ehange.
'
tt'fly
Lt-t
mintth·.
Ul
th~ wl1o
from
~ tion 1 of tlle s 1,. 1f',
"'118
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-03-21
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-03-21
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
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application/pdf
Language
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en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n094_19140321
Date Created
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2018-06-12
Is Part Of
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
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v02n094
Extent
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4 p.
Spatial Coverage
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United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/fdcff4edd0b3ab661254563fca0497e9.pdf
00192d928988d55584e73398cbcbe7a1
PDF Text
Text
'-., ·
LOOitATTHI!f»'
YOUR ADDitiiSS I..AE.
J P ·IT I
94
YOUR 3UIISCRIPTlOI'I EXPIRES NEXT WEI!X
..
W~en1 N~ York . PaP..,. Try io Get
IUturn 'io Work at Gould Plant- Armed
Attack Strikers - Alleged Violence Loon
Frame-up.
Willi IS 6 PER COO
NOT 6PER CENT 1
WIJI/IT'
S .•&PER
. -1Attonll•£ to tbe talo of woe
tal• ..U butiaeq mall wbo
wntup •J•inta~~ampleof
,.Wr brai . . . .d abilit y'' of
plu.__rary, It woolil llpp$U
'-Jal b.,.OIIIIlll"t! dUJIIJl II
wriakle 111 tM ut of biall lhauce.
ftb Kr. ~U. 8.&1DH11 llaa
pliM to a eutalo Mak for a
16,000, Ud,.... iaformed thllt tke
woald ~iom.odate 1111 a.eed1
,._ :;"',~ ~1.':" ::et1~~=:
i•tileb... lttobl • pplle4
tftan! tle pllym~t of tM
�fll ill mEFIT lf'TIE IILIIIET ITIIIEU
AT
"
. L.f.BB~TY HAL. I...
Oor.r Woblln
£'"•· a.cll..udo.k.
S.turd•v·ew·g, m•rcb 14tfJ, B ~- m.
SPI!Aiti!RS•
FRANK AALTONEN, ~ oi theW....,
Federation oi Mlnaund .JAME8.J. KELLY.
Aueo4 tblt me-dar ·aDd bev lhet boa reprdl11 •b• OIDp~r
lila-War.
,
First Annual B,all
EAST SIDE LABOR LYCEUI AID IUICH OlE
Cutsditp €otnlng, miff'CI) 17, 1914
St. l'•trlrlro nlgbt
-AT-
SOL. KISSIN
ARMBRUST'S HALL, Gcnexc St. and &il<y Ave.
Sole Agent for Rualen Imported
WJ..otzky Tee of M a.cow
- - ADMIIIIDI 25 CEITI - -
®
THE EXCHANGE NAME FIRST, PllASE
You haV. notiGed that our operators give the exchange name. llrs~ hl repeating numbers. Our
directory Is arranged that way also.
There's a reason back of that idea. It is not a
mere notion on our part.
When you ~ thh. saying, lor instance, "Seneca
321", you give the operata. time to make the llrst
move to complete the conncctioo while lbten1nr
for the number as you say it.
Michael Ulrich
J ••_,,, jp••• ~~.rt.wr. .t
d
::~;~_,. 1 t;~:d:;. ::~~~~~~b~:
Perhaps the time saved on om toll does oot
amount to much, but we have to cons.fder thOu-
10
sands of calls.
674 Ellio;olt Strut, cornu Virrini.a. Armhruol ·, I! ttl, ro rn~r Grn~·~~
&11•1 Hail"~· Annnf'.
\"ioitor• • •~
t!• oll'~tro~·~ol. •'
It oM>m~ ridP..\IInu• for a priut of
t!o.- Homan c·achohr t'burt·h, ao.J H J-.
nail.•· a,, , ;..,, ••th ourh a name u llu ·
lrl'11he1m. to ull an.•·tbing un -.-\mericao,
from sau.n-kraut to philoaOJ•h.r.
Following lr<' a ff'W olelloitiou of
IIIUO!
:Jisk for
t:aplors Tct Cmm
pou wJ/1 nmtmbtr ·tbt
'R•oor
It means quicker service.
the ''arony'' io makiiiJ by tbe
of a citeular UJ•<ni the
i
tf'lti fio.<l ill tb~ rharlt.•· gnft
tbe ''3ohjor'' <lid uactly
tbou'p:bt hf' orould do. Ilia
ot'!lrer, ''l'oloof.l'' Mr l nty re,
THE .NEW YORK TELEPHONE CO.
I
T d<pboae
Buildf-r•
Oum:b aod Pra.akli:o Struta.
::~:~~;Ji::o0 ~~ ~::~ 0 ::.~:: lndioJ[ ~:; ::: ';,: ~::~d :;o;:.t)l";,"';,'",'.." ~,,..,•'·f<h••'i't'ia:':: :::.r..:~~~~dS<lw;la~:e a~·~=o~
f' nl<>n••l Thater, Sun<by, Manh
Tbr t:11 r,r. llr•tUnlu. ''8otiali1m i• him of '""tifriog to I falH'boo<l.
uom i~takable, It tb.P.. wonltl but littn~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1\"m ~'rancio llunlr.! ..,;u make an ap- that Jo(llir~· or tlwor~· "'hirh ai~n • at ....
!Jam.-. Bon 011 lo<:U.u.t&
tit.;>' •o11ld hnr th~ .rumbl~ of ,li,...on·
\\"I.,. a the ''Major''.,. .. ulleoJ IIJIOII tent wbidt pen·arleo from ro.n to <"0&111
l"'al for ~nbouiber&. JliVillg n e• and •· nri n~ by the Mtion of tbe-1:'e11tral <l~m-
ClEAT auroffi~a COU aJRE ::~~::~e';'.:;::;n,•.u;hfa
:::
.:~";:t;; ::.:~';: :.~~bo;,',~:.:;~·::t:: :~::~::,'~0 ~ !:e:t!~~e~~~••ofmt:: s;!';~, ~~·;;' or
B~~~~~~J~b:=J~~;?Ji;~.~~t~~~ t~:~~~~~~~.·~ n••n.,.r .will uu .tb e auu- ;:;:.:~.:.'.~~... ,~,,on
l'rl~ l!!lft•l!)! ..
Sold et"eryw hen'.
· to on of tho.., •ho &l!t"nd h11
l~lor.eo
of. •e•l' " ..
Th<' New lotrrnattonal.
;::
'h·~ ~o· ~~i:"i:.. ~~~:e::~.a,o"d .eh:;;;' ;::·!~~~
~~alto~•
cati•·e mood ud •ould hl'rf talked all ·
;h~r:h ;;~.~:.:~~t.c~.,.. will
Jltft.tt•ter•,at.
"m"t•tung•.
AKitate and eubeorlbe tor the
---ROCHESTIR lABOR LYCEUM '
~
::;~;;~: ::;:~:~.:;~'·~-·= ~·~:~;:l}1~~ ~~~~~f~ :~~;~~lf.= ~==~=-=·F·=.~=~=~=,-;~-= · =: .: fi~:" -=~ :~= ~= ~ a~:·~=~=~=~=~ i
..
776 Sycamore St.• cor . Reed
ALWIN EHMS
I• 511
~esu• a ~·~•r. and th~
!lulfalo
~·
r 'be;:::':!~,:~.~:~~ a~:o~
'•
~;·e;;!.!'~:r: :~ :·~~;~:~·~:~.-.: t.ltat
;~,!~'':~:~.:.~~::~· ·~;~ 1 ; 011 . ~:::.!o;::,'•r:::i:l~~rt;;;;•·
.
Re1h•nla,;
e.~ly
Ia
..
..&lfaJc,..=:=·
SENECA AND eLLICO'TT aTa.
& ru.rd llu <fell,..red
~~~f.f;,:~;:;;ff: :~;~~:0::(:~:~\~~t~J::~~;~j; ~: ;·:f~:~~t:~~~\~~.;;t!:~~~ ~iF-~:~:·l: :.~··F~:~::::::..
,.._. &~~u......... ••1• UNIONGOODSONI..Y he <lid nn the Comin_li.' :\atioa.
'*
P~•••a:R~:~'~·.~=:.~':'.,~~j1 :2";;~~· 2
tMt MOUH~7
Thi• ..... to ~t>· OJier&lion an•l that the op· h .II ;I• ju!,::ment tb e ,~ouat rr'•
•lont ohouhl makf· th• olfrr irrHIMtiltle. I>O~Iuniti.., of lit .. a n•l t he n•n•l~ or 1ore h ' 0;:, 1 e 1"';;.0'"' 1~ ScH'IaliJm
U~·h ... s.•r romrad~ ahoultl unt e fl labor shatl he "'luitAhly apportion<'d. •· ;illt 11: 1 bem:nbit .:~:,;:.<! ~ 111~! · Woll A"ft""1·"
~tQCI(fC~~Nnl :::;~·~~-~~';!••;.d,;:.~~r~,~~~eo'..~·~::: or~e:~"·;~;~lo:~·:o!~~~3 · o,'~~~;.:~: ~:·,·~~~~;~a ::•,::l~~~:."and
puC:.:.~!.~.!~~ r • :~:~·t:~:~!~~~::::~:b:b•~"l::~:..m::. ;:~:'\::~:d~:;::~:~--:;:~~~~vn:r :::r;;~ :;.~~~at~~ t~~~~l":!~"'.,!;;.~
.OJ
,..,'-~~ftMO..::.ft:=~!~ .. --·~ ::·~:::~:.\:t ·:~;"!r:!o: ';rr~~et~:; :~o~~~:~~i~:E:~F:::,:~~~:~~:~t~:~ =~li:!~= ~~~:::;us:';';t:;:·,, -:-·-.:.-,-· .c-·<:
SPRING HATS
We aff showing now nil
th~ n~w cr~nt i ons
iu
spring sort nnd nu;:iblr
hats. Th~ displny it-'brt t~r than ~'-t:r bcfo..; nnd
quality range rrom
\"aiu~
a-··"'
...
J~ive o1n1ersblp of the lll&ill •-•· j'~"'"~~
Sl.OO to $4.00
All excellmt
th~ ra tr of 50 reatt eaeb.
olittribotloa of the Jtrodudt of
Briatr the tath with you. and get the
woold mate laocl ud n.pil.al.
Ka.n7 ~ at lll.d!Wtrtal Home.
bearfit of Barnard'• reprial~<f leelloret,
in•trame. la aad IDe&.,. or -pro.
Tbe '' 111ajor '' ad111ib thai u
::c-. c-t h~ Roche~ter Soeialiat ...,.,.., Cb.aa. F.d·
; the johat r-eulon or "the ,.em". ot tbe ine~tlp t>oa"~~t~ay
ward Ruuel1'1 hammer bla•• for the to.r& of the eommoalty.''
made at t he iattitutioa. nooW"'fwil" '~••u
uuM, CrHI'• rommut, and ali •·~ • «k·
Staadatd DktloDary, Ji ll. ''A
til.o,.uj!bly I
ly aewtr-pe r, Th Bolfalo 8«\ahu.
of -.italy baled 00 the publir
Jxfore It
nnd
all union lnbel. \\'~ bnvr
nill a fair \•arict)· of Win.
tc-r Suits and o,·~n-oau,
and ~han cut the pritt
.o low that Riling should
be brisk.
GOING SOME
We &n! iltforraed tllat tile ioUt!&M
l'f':r raplta for ntooht( lhi• tltlle bt
1,!100 J111r C!f'cllt ia the pt.at teD yeua.
Sotwilluita.adiaJ'" thi,; Aawmbtyau
lloo,·erlla•tlleoef"\·etolatrodueeabiU
' " the Lesialature appropriati111
otwealthptodu rtioll
Y.w&alyvutotrya pdr ctf lbG.
Pre.Dt tbllooctpoa ta lhiBo!·
talo Slu» Oo. Won Kat ob
Utb...tl*"llf"lllbe--11114-•
M60o.rtakl-.yoau,~
Df8o«alo8b- torll,.. twwork,
ll.bO, f'.lO. . . OOor ... OO. 0...
ooapoc~ &o &be p&lr,
Notlood alietlf.udt24th;lilt..
n!~we:·~~=-~
:;"= ;~·:~ '::::..e .:-:::.:f
=
oleril.oolt. . tiM . birlhJ•laro: of Oo'rtr•o.r
fllyna, r..- a iuilm•r &tala rapit.ol to r
lhatg... t lemu..
THE EITEIPRIIE ,OTO:,:~.t ~
TWb IJTOa.JI8
::::.~~.,::
•IUell •Pid - . . u 011tlay of a aialltralanat.
Whet do ,..o Ul•k of itt
JJH
$1.
0..... :""Hr M. pro"fid.e 1011 witll two
1 - - - - - - - - - ;;rnidnreof
lfl•lfJ flfiHNf S/.
3tttu.#•
500 pair Boya all
solld hard knock
Sc!ux>I Shoes, s1ua
I to ·5
Mf:l! TbltCou;ooroo.fioriOc-
................. -.
.
rd Will L..Oture at.eonley's Conaerv~tory,
_ --
Socialist News Depot
Dally Sao:l&llat
PaPero
' ,... .. ;.= .. .....,.
...
...........
.&.Pn.U 8011 C.IJUW..
e&O Ma.n St.
�Prlcee
$2.00 to
$4.50
..
£):
1
.z
1lPEN
MONDAYS ·
IINllL 9P. M.
The Main Lunch
UT:IIM. INI DIY AID IIIHT.
SHCIAUDAl.r
pg,.
:::!: Q~~~~~~~~~.pular
--604
~,:-;:,:~~:~':fo,N. r.
·:::.o;:: ·" ·-:::.1 •
SATURDAYS
· •II P. M.
.• .:1
•. '
·
OUR CHEAP
. _.. UI!:STAIRS
.
•
ROO MEANS
· ASAYING
TO YOU
H. S. ·ouLLET_T, 56 ~;:.;:red
Joeeph Wats
8A.MPLE ROoM
e.H~H
.,......,
..t:~r--
...~c.- .
lOGO Ban., A venue.
Thcae an the two l;>uamount .....,.,. why you
ahould afflllate with the Fedcrai·T dephooc & T de' ~ph Compony; both .. .Ubocriber' and lrivcalrlr.
Buffalo ..m ban tbO . . - td.,.boo. ...- of the
natiaa Wbm our AUTOMA
~ystcm roes iatO Comma.ioa. U r ou uc a JUI:.uiber IOU.&han in it.
nc
Oar ·7% Prdurcd Stock is oac of th< dty?s ,bat inwstDIImts, The ~ p&yable qua.rt¢r. is 1AIICOIIIIDOG1y
~ u.,.. ........_,.,,....tw.mit.
. HI!RE ARE STRIDES
ClTIZI!NSHljP.
TOWARD
The, Federal Telephone and
telegraph.· Go!DPIDJ
• 1
GOOD .
�..
~~~
BUFFALO~~ ~ANY
....asaa.....s~
......,.__.........._
-
~
.....
, _ . , TVTTIILL. a - -
~1-
BUPPALO.ft.Y•
~~Tw. p, CA~ . _ .....
~6(K...605J.Iula,.J~......
~ALO..~Y.
...... . . _
~Pnc.su.,..,..,Sik.a.IDIIIIIb.o,.,
~·
~»~...._J-S.19Sl.llltta.,..a&i.t ...... JWw."Yort:.
-'-t~Y:"'afMardaJ.
sm
From time t p time I he Buffalo S6e.i11liat a nd
gt-n.:tKIIy bw.\·e 1.0int.,d out thKt thtre arr· tt. grea t
J' loyed all nvo·r thia t·onntry. On the other hand the
ptt'h•noling to as._~umf' tlw optimist i<- view. h111 made
thMt 11 Willi o n!_,. in th.-. m ind!! of our writ e l'l!. de.
Xo matt;•r wha t th•· paitl pro·SII h1u1 aaiol. tlw faet
hundr.-ol~ 111111 thons,~mJA of men who a re willing to
ployt-ol. ami th•· Holrnia11inn or tloe f!:O\'o·rnor of Ahia 11tate
t o t"1ihthh~h ,,.,..,. j ol•ll for hill emHitit nen\>1 in t he s hape of
plo,\' lll•' "' Lnrf'l'lll J•tO I'f'li nut stuto•nh·nta. l ie SII.Y' '' I ·am pen"""' " I"~·
tlont 11 '" IU'tim•~ o•tonu~:h to drnuuul our •·onsidt'rHtion."
Who·u ''it is ,.... ri••IL~ t•IIOIIJ:h to drmand 'our ' l'OIIsidcrHtion.·
n~ur1w tlmt t he \NN!,.,. han· luul It talk w ith him on tht• 1111bj«:t.
tlull tht11>.' 1-!•·ntl.•uu-u ur.• willin~ that th•• l'llll tc sttlrl nn e mployment
lmrt'llll whit·b wi ll pr"'' 'd" I!'OOf.l workuwn. 111 low prit"t'M, fn!e o f coct.
Anpnty, it is nil Ht lrni,;o;ion o n t h...- pHrt of the Oo•nuK·ntt P a rty that
tlwr•· i11 n ,/,-r,.,_., in th~· ~<ystrm of stll·it'l )" in tha t 110 many mt'n are- out
of t>mpln~·nwll l anLI thHt lhr lilllll" 11111111 lllkf" lni'II IIS t o rf'lll<~~- the
tli t inn. It ,j,..,j..,. tht·ir llr!flllllr·n t th11t 1111~· mnn •·.1111 jl'l"l work
j;!'fbit .
It 11111!11 IJ+• r,.mt•mllt'rf:l.~ thut t\IJ;•rupJ,.~·nwnt is It fllirT uf tlw
J i~t !!y&tr m. rmd KO Jonr: 1111 tile (·u pital i~t ~;~·stem exists theN'
uncm plo~·ml'nl . Tin· foundation tlf the eapitHiiflt sylih•m -b!
\'aluf" : it iR hlt!ll-.\t oll the •·Oln]~titi\'1' WHj.!f' t.)'lih:m which kl'Cpll
a minimum, Hllll t h nn,. IIHit wht·n th•· lillflply of l11 bor is gtf>lllt'r
th1· d e maiiLI.
Tlw nlli'IIIJ'IO,W•tl rtu;.,;tit•n will nul L.. St•tt led tlllti i •WI'
115(' ifllllf'Hd n( profit.
""''''""I•"'''•••
lktwtn ' " ridl &lid the auu a ry . .ISMJ.ali•h i• Clloiu. are·
b atl1 t.ll. Of tlte\r two•·TheCiol. . . Sot:lallllt , ••
put 1111 of blete•M, Iad t~
Vol~• or tllot hop!~. •• pubtlt.lrd•••bttr-rotlilea tllo~
CAPITALIS'f PATRIOTS
Wr·ll. w.·ll. hf' l' f' you uut in·tl till' 111tilud(' uf our t'llflii Hl ilit
Ji1m.._. in
En~-:lflntltnwuro l~ tho• incon u• !Io:C !
~
Th o•S•· Jm•u who hnl't' rmulo> their for lllllf'li in thi1 I'Otlutry,
y,ho "''' 11011' li•·iug in luxur)' in Enj.!]aml r ..Iust' to pn~· u p.
~l r. S('lfriol!f•· 1111,\' N lw ··~Jimp l~· won 't pH.y it,'' 110 l ht•re now:
lilt'. The t .vtllo · - ' " ' ilo-. ootThepttblbliltl' ofllle'' Yoleo
hupr -11114tolllllil•
tt.e" CIIIHM8eelal·
to - at lfaehhr
topubiiM.
Popolo.''
of Cl•te• , wlt.et"t • • tor•
t ilt u~
ee. K•l•a x i.,,
t MJ'no·l•ee of K waeJtii•J..
..,,,,,.I '''~'' '""" tlwo prow-bdi ldepe•d..t.
lhtofJulyoflutyMr.DIIrw"'k of AUJO..tti.t 111111,
,ub4i-'iot'd h.w-. Ju 8111 K l,
t lte•elllio!•tlo•of t btproe·
, • Dtl C.o K"l•l ll tar , . .
Je• $11.1 Kl, tlile pro•la.loul prnlot <:•111a, orduf'd that Lll•r K:al
•••1
Kouab«OIIIetl;'•ro•uooroftlill'p~"~J•·
I11U.
..,
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-03-14
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-03-14
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n093_19140314
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n093
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e0a590337d653f192188a5960f2b974b.pdf
79e86f688e99a7643789a5dc05f89d08
PDF Text
Text
tbbitAT'rflll-0.
YOUR ADDIUISlS ~
11 IT IS
93
1ii'I!DN!sDAY ·TO
YOUR .iUBSOUPT10I'f Jilt.
SATURDAY
PJili!S.NEXTWDit
Price Two Ccota
UCHJ PROIDS CO I~
FACTS FilM .INSIDE Of
..GOULD COUPLER
OUR "RESPECTABLE.£ITIZENS"
.
Ripraaltat!Ve of Buffalo Sociallst Destribek
tiona Under Which Scabs Work- Compa
.Olargea 25 Ccntl for Dinner Which Stunk Company Cannot Keep Up With Such Men. ·
Dltplled wltb lJie
part.ll of r.oadiliOIII
"='"·"'"'" r,c;_'!l
~:;;r-:u~~:! -=:1•c·c·.··.---:,c:
&114, lvr two daye,
fro• tll e laalde. A1a
;~~...~t.~:.~~~~~rs
u a:'tr~
r:':!~:;;~g 1 1:n;ll1: 1 ~o~!d'.,.~· --~-
::.-:.~:!,!~t;":v!::~~~/~~~~~ -e=1111d:'~.~~!~~~! '!:J'Ia~~k~"~~~
::-"·-··;,,_:.:: ;;;;:.,;·;:··:;,;;; .;;.!:~:.;:.::-:;·,
. ::
~-::r~~~::l~:~ :~;~t:~ ~~~::::~::.;~~i-~:r:~~=::!~ -,:!~~!·~~~-~!~~~ .... 1 ~,;-_~,-. ''·~!·
!~;7,,«;~!~~ d~~cti'::•. .,U:,..~ ~~~~r:ie.f:' 0t:'e";:: .. 0i ...!"11 ~u:- ;;~
ertl'firi11r oat 111 a m.CIIilll lla11d t OT ;:~ ~~~~~b1eb.le1tr1::-=:=~ Utll~ot,!~
t h tlorage batter7 de~ rt mut, our did 1101 go out at tile tilu t lls malden
rtp..-•tath·e, toaetber witb a ... ttrut.k. &meone bu told Olea:~ t all
t lliln, a -mohler aad eialot or w• car· tbe I!IIIJ>loy~~o~ of tile otoraae batter1 did
:t';t 't~"'!o:."'~!r:; ~~ ':!:';..(
- =~~=~~'kiebor:: .::~::n~bi::O!o'
opente ...
a
111011ke7· 1rnat.lo.
eot
I
';~;,. ~,·~~! 0,t~~:e::_er~!:;:et~!;
~~lt':~:;:.tt.be
Tlo1
f0111J,.111
~\~,!k!_ b!"at~..:,O"i:!ti~~~~ck:
=::.~:'!a;or.: 11~~le~11 Xe;di4 ::~
I 4~u::.;;_
wl f·rot!>edhtf
Jlu
:
; •c. . : ; : : : . : ::-; ·
;o::;-c·: ·:.
oo• l:::?:.:-:•-:;:o
IIOW
;io··~'i.:·• ~~ -.~;:i,;,;~!l ~;;;;;;,;.;,;;;;-. .<
bl11 Dat , ...ade It 11111-'bli for tb••
to,.,., •
meiJr•
ellcnred
tbea. Tbe fu rtMr t.et
apd .1111117 ot tile plat• by d ropplllf
tloea or l~~adl'De all1 loltllnt. Ike• wl\11
.,.a tbe
••1•
tbet t.bey dam·
a lo.am.111er med1 t bel r wort • - t.._a
1~·:;;:~·~~~j:;:;;:;:_;j~~-~~~ 1:·:;;:-:~~~~~:~:~
�Lecture by JOHI SPARIO of< New
su•d•v :~~tto-··
~tt• • ; 3 •••,..,
m.,.•.
DOOitS C1P1N AT 21.10 P.M.
TOIIl' IIDtural Alii
..
.
lfl Fipt;., TAe 1,.,.,
.. .
.
Buffalo's Most Important:!;
;
f'\'l'ty ou~ t o flngf't.
unnt hf'tthf'J>OUt ~•p ro•·eo.l
f r O!It tJilten an.!.
watt'r
Committee Investigating
at Trinidad Hear How "Law and
Preserved - Tin S61dltts Rob Women and
Child= While Captain Lies Drunk.
w..hd.
Aoent lo r R ua lan lm porled tin.: " hit fro•~ otJe I found
W J.aouk y T ea o r M CMCO 'W
tut ... fairl~· ~ttnk, or th e
SQie
alt.UMBIA oUIP \VHITB LU.Y TI!.AS
..,_•-·•-~
a
WlLWAM ST.
~~::~t~~h.t"~~~~~ull::u.·ft·~ ..;•·~···;;,l '"~'"~
•~ornf'<l t hl' l(rl'allf' t h ey
Both Phooee
at~ it
•l r,v anti nl!t·•l it n
Go• ~~d ··:;::::~:~::~~::~· --,----_,-··"·-;....
Union "-aiirBumer
D lil
CO-PA~TNERSFiiP
Is Its co-partn'e~hlp with the Federal Tele-.
phone and Telegraph Company • • In money
saved to this communlly In lowered toll ~
and rates, It pays ttits city a dividend of .
more than $2,000,000.00 every year.
,.
Moreover, II establishes a degree of Independence
that Is a civic lesson and Inspiration ' to every city
and town In America .
·
;'.:~:-~:;:;., ·~;:;;~·· ~!;,\.':.
369 Ellicott Street
(WE SHLL VALUE)
_
__;------~----
hi)l hl.•·
complino f'nlu,v.
t'or
ournptuou• ·~f>I'U J · ~ .. ~- ~bUI(ft
th-e trnl o, henri' t b e~r oolidtude
atay and go through tbe pret41 B~
catin){.
This co-partnership consists of many hundreds of
small stockholders of whom you should be one.
It Is very profitable to _you financially, btcaq~ our - •
securiUes yield a large Income . For example: If
you Invest $350 In our 7% Preferred Stock. It yields·
. enough to pay for an AUTOMATIC party llne _telephone In your home.
YOU WILL SERVE YOURSELF AND YOUR
CITY WELL BY INVESTIGATING THIS '
A
The _Federal Telephone and
Telegraph Company . •
A,.altate and •ubsorlbe f'or. the
Arfletter•:&Uunt.
TbeoolfGermua.,.,_paper liath• ••oau&deor Jlf..-Yorlt Oll7, ~
.eoCW, the basereat of tbl Worlrllaf Olu&, _ . , . _ .. for.l - -
OIIU,31S-317~SbUt - -
i¥bfo.N. Y.
�• ~ 869 Broadway
·,.
.mw.rtttut.or or ·lhe ~ur 6c ctpf-u4
"" W'le Jlfle plalca CXpr Ollpptq. Made ia
:lld6lobJUill.m ,~_;.
.
PaU"Oulal Hoii\'IT,..Se. ~
.
.... .
~-Wallo..&..,._.,.~
•Boa.Hooot*71• - P'.....,tJ4022 1.
WIL~·t.:ECTURE Ott·
AR"Jio1.ENA·NTE.
,·· ·cnou;.w~
··~... !¥lmlir
__,, ,..lt'M'
' Q.
IMW.,.,.,..
SOCIALISM
•
FJae J_..elry Repa.irtn&
~AT -
,...0 Terraue, Butr.IO. N.Y
MILLIR'S HARMONIA HALL
264 Genesee Stree_t
JOSEPH ROESCH
A.t.t•n UO Kall and Sample Room
...... L.o ................ a.a..&c.
at7 BKOA.OWA\', Oor. Lutbena au-
monday Evening, J11ar(b 9th '
at 8 o·c'f:ck
Admission · -
DAJWB'"""
-
-
-
10 Cents.
~let-t• evtry Monca.,. alabt at Y er·
er ·,. Hall, e~tair JlerWI a ad Tou-
.,..... ,J a ltreft-1.
J..
~
~l~~ ';~~:~~:J:;b/~~~~\:!~~
t n'•(.1ub, wereufo! lo'": Pint prbe.
- 1.-,din', lin. Nuaemak.er; Jllltll, :w,..
l ley.,.._ Booby pri~Lad•.. •, liE u
Ca rri e Welte; pab 11 W:r. ~ 8111itb.
He.freo.llllltuU Wt-tfl ..en-ed . a f lel' tbt-
;:1~;\,!~::n:,~
r: .~~~==~t-. ~~.~
I tH Uil,e, ..,.Yoaebad llood joJiy UIM.
First Annual Ball
under &uspices ot
············------
EAST 81~ LABOR LYCEUI AID BlAICH OlE
tutstlap Evtning, maN/) f,], 1914
St. "P•Iritkl nlgbl
ARMBRUST'S HALL, Genesee Sc and Bailey Ave.
-' ADMIIIIOI 25 CEITI - -
There Are Others
$4.00
. /L'
:
s2:0i)~
-~~----
:\
.
'
'
Compare our up~lrs
prloee with
· the so-oalled
barplnsyou
Up Stairs
ACLEAR TRACK F'R ALL .
YOUR MESSAGES
Bd1 Individual Une T depbone Service forms a
"clear track for aU telephonC: messages" to and
&om your
hmne._,.
It is at your. .service whenever you are ready to
Wk. It enables anyon< who desires to reach you
to obtaJn a connection without the delay that Is
occasiQnally ~ when tbeK Is more than
ooe party oo the llrie.
Bel .............. Lb s.wb c.- ...Jy . . . .
~- .. . ..., du.a Putr.U. s-tm, .....
::?
Why not ask our Commcrdal pHice tO td1 you
"Our TrW<" tdcpbone service lor
Zl!!!
New York
Tele.,hone ~·
;-.......,.._.
a..Ki.ok_._
�IDW~~nm~
P\.JIIl.J:IitmD WD11:LT aT THa
IIIJI'PALO SOCIAIJST PUBUSHING OOIIPANY
........."
- . - ...... ~ ......
IIUPFAL.O.N.Y.
-.utTIIt~........,_
PRARE~.T-.
. - : T TVTTH1L1.... ..._,.
~ 6M-605 JooWual Uk !ka116tc
Y , P. CATTIU.. . _ . . .
~ Pricl
BUPPA:Lo, N.Y.
SUIO,_yW, SGta moatb1. ,.,.aa.&.
.._actnat.
~·
l!alo.ndu~--)-S.Itll..llb,...clbr.tBaeU:.,NnrYork.
- - dM:
ad"'
March 3.1&79
SATURDAY. MAROI 7, 1914
NO WONDER I
If the city budget is &llopted as it comes from the
thf' cit,\" taxes "'ill he abou t ~29 1>er thousand thi• year.
h ia pointetl out by t he Ht>pub liean prcu tha t
e lect ion year a mi t hat we mm1t pa~· u p for 1t d efleieney
from Jaat ~·f'ar. which w11a k indly arranged 110 1111 to elect
m a nn for nnother ter m .
~l ore ·· hu!lines.<~'' .!1\lminillt rat io n.
What a fi lll' t hin~ this · · huaitw8!1 .. ga r~1e i!l.
Tht• Huffalo Soe i~ttist h ilS been pe rai11tent in 11oiuting o ut to
mMyor of t hi11 city 1t IIH'IIIIS hy whieh I H! eou ld lower t he lAX r a t e,
hu t up t o t he prf'sent t i m~ we ha \·e not h~anl tha t he ha1 made a
mow• in thRt tl irtwt ion.
\\ "t> ha\·e 11hown wher e mi llions u f ,Jollal"ll t\"torth of
in 1hi~ d ty on whit·!• tH..'te>~ ahould h t JJRid j uKt aa much 115
t•f t he wor ker who is fortun ate e no ugh t o own o nf'.
W it h the colla pl!.iug of the pum p in(t st11tio n , ttud no d oubt othe r
thin p condu•·ted in a 11 l'flllfllly inefficient mflnner . there i1 little
wond f'r t h11t the tRx ra te is hi gh .
Purt hermort" if th t-r e WfiB 1111y Rt tl·mpt mode t o J•&y o ff some
of t hf' city'11 dt•bt ( whit•h is uot .l ikcl~· on ~~~count of t he eRii~· mo ney
i t brin~os to tJtf' banken) tht· t ax rate wou ld h.: m uch hig her.
Jlow tlo ~·ou likf' tlu• "busim..s"' fltlmin istrs tionf
..
Don "t
tor~N
to llR )' your int•omt- t ax.
T he l nternnt io na l H11ilway Comp11ny cKIIIIOt r a ise the money t o
b u ild t he B11ill'y Annm: linl'. Too bad. l..et t h e cit~· put in the
line Rnd f'Rn l ·•·nou gh moru•y t o pay u p some of our J~bts. E ver
t hink of thatf
VICE PROBLEM SETTLED?
Di,J you know t hnt
hufi"Kio f
\""of
Well. it hu.
t hf' \"ice probll·m hu1l hf'+'ll
Worn~•::":. ;_··;_;_;o:·::.::;:::·; :···:•J
LINE UP I
_. ira! ;,~,. ':',~r~~·~o~,t~;~~o',:'k,:ilitlt'!e~;~~ i::n:~~~n:,;n,tt~SI~:~ ::~!:\~£ :!i;:·~··lo
IKII"il'ly. ''ir:.. l h fll;o· who wor k 1111d th011e who exploit.
This iN llo·ll. T lw IIOOII•'r t he o·npilaJi,..1 t:\888 and its paraliilet~ :.··;"_,;c;:; :;,· ·: _·;
to li~:ht 11nd forc•·tl lo takt- t heir place in line wit h t he ir
·:::·:_"' .• " .'_'"-":··
killll. tlw 1>0orwr will t lw working ··la1111 1111 a whole learn t o flght 1
t he lull! It• which will h HI't• onl.1· one {•ntl-the a bolit ion of
&rf' Clt: J•O~d
itali~l s~·"t•·ln nnd !lw iunn,:m11tion of the Socialist <~~=~:::~~:((~;,~~:~~:{'j:!•~;,;~=:~•
innu·~:~·~~;·;~;. 1.~~.,::;.hr,:~~inr;r::11 ··0{ri~~~la\\~o;~~';
only i1 thiH t rut' nbont t-lo·t•tion t in~es. but ever y day in
.....:.c:••--;: :·:.
.-;-,··:-:_· ..: •·:·" '
~·~;r~·~..~~;.l.ll~~IP;~],:.',',~r.''~i~·,: ~;~n~..~~·elll~oo~~~~:! ~~h ::.leer '""'.""''•I;-;,;,~·;:
det•o•i\·,. 11.m l I>J•trK.\" tllo~t' who .urt• t ht·ir prineipa l mefln.~
l u Mtrikl·M t hi~ ,.J.••m•nt is •:•·l•r 1'1'Hdy to go among
11.1111 u~~e it11 i111h1t•n•·•• Kglliu~t thf'rn. The prof euional
111 t hat w•• hn\·e no Jou~in.._.R.~ l t,\"ing to tell !hi'
hu11ineu how tho·y shuuld run it. T hey are alwaya
· i
how n1Ut·h t h··~· mus t t·R~· tht- !'lumber beeauae the tll.f:n
" ,;; j ,.,an~~~:iiTmiiJ'iiii
~;~~;hi,)~e~~:;·~·;, 11:,·;~,:·u;~h~tr:,~ ~~1;i~fl~-i~1:i!a h~afe~~~s, tb!~. 1 ~
the~
ea n IJQUI'eU' out of t he m.
Tbia aa.m e buai nt•~>S Rlld profl'll..'lional element
almoat
man takf. the aid e of t h•· r apit11list dau mad e a fl.fte ahowing
Calu met. 111 they h &\"t' in oth•·r Jlllll'f"ll reeently . T h eM people
t hetnJ~eh•et u the Cit.i!.ens· Allia nee a nd did their bCIJI. t o
t he men on 1trike.
On the oth er han.! you lun·f' h ea rd no appeal• to
of t hia eountry to eontribuh• R frw penniea to ii:@I!J'<the ie:c,.-,_-_- ·:.II~IM
l ht 11trikf'n1 from ata.rving. You han• heard n o appeals by
ieal 110eietin to ~~~d doeton
hel t' in \.IH' way. Yon have b eard
of no a ppeal t o the ,roee rs ai!IO\·iatio nJ to ~""iHI a fe w doUan worth
of food lo t he striker.. Not on pmr life. T hey a.re not. or think
who
to
or
t~~Y~e:~o~~ft:~:~ ~~:;;:=~~~~~n~~~li::~:n~o not belp them,'-·-·-··~-----,_:!:'~~:~~"':.=!:.:::.::':;
If you 'II'&Dt to find out uk y o ur groetr, butch er, doetor, elf!J'IY·
man. o r any of that outfit if h e iii a Socia li• t , or if be belie•et iD
labor u uion1, then listen to the " ita,'' "buta," and " andal ' •
Wafcll . the.e pme gentle.DJen •bout election time and
many of t httu are "out for the capit.list 110litiei&D11, e ither
openly to induee the wor kers to ..-ote a gainst thematJve~ or
o:-aati~:~r t heir ballot.
·
'
·
Tbett par aaitetl are d r a wing tbe · Unn: t hemaeh ea. Thej
t o boo on I~ aide -.rht'n! the mou e.)! ia. Let Uwl!l. W e will then
who we are duling with.
'.
J..u tbt " rnuntime let the • •orkers
.fl;t'lv..- by ~:~~~tahl.ishiug eo-operat.ivs .
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-03-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-03-07
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n092_19140307
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n092
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e11563208d5e8951d08a02a337681527.pdf
43eef8b8261188b9491d3da98382cb73
PDF Text
Text
LOOitATTHI!-·01'
YOUR. ADDitESS JAII!L
IF IT I.S
92
.
YOUR. SUIISClUPTJON l!ltPIRI!S NEXT Yl!l!lt
Ycii..D.,-,.No. ~~
~:
&yi'FALO, N. Y~ FEBRUARY 28, 1'14
Price Two Cents
�,"Friute Pl'Operty and Peraonal Freedom
·
Onder Socialism"
Lecture by JOHI SPAIIO of New York
S•llll•r .11ttt....., m.rriJ m••, 3 #'''""
lXXlltS c.sN AT 1:lD P. IL
New York
Telephone Co.
Tdopboaellolldioc
O.uoch&Fr.ooldloStrab.
Baoarian Hall
JOHN UNVERZART
S• mplt I(Hm
776 Sycamore Bt. .•-oor. Reed.
· 700 pair& of Men's
$4 all solid leather
Work Shoes .. .. ..\
All •lze• 8 to_12,
$2
o' width•.
AC
~--.
''
~
'
3()0 pairs Boys all eolld g· [P.
leather School SHoes d"
m.,.,. .n,.,,,81ae1toSI
tDur
S~J~u ···
_, ,. , . ·
ABNBQA AND BL.LK:O'IT aT&
Open aaturd-.r Nllllit until 10:ao
I
' '
�..
Don't Buy
""' -
n
kOOb
JOU have looked line.until
THERIE'8
A REA80N I
-
.;~aJo
Open
Mond8.ys
until
9 P. M.
Saturdays
until
11 P.M.
Compare our up-
•talrs prlceo w1th ·
the--called
barplnsyou
see adver-
'
ttsed
elsewhere.
Our "Community Plan"
Means Automatic Tetephone
Listen. If you Invest $1,000 In ou r 7:C:
Prererred Stock you get. ::1. year • •
$70.00
If you pl ace you r money In a savings bank
you get, ::1. year
40 00
By simple mathematical c ::~.lcul ation you
observe your net ga in Is
$3000
Thirty dollars a year represents j ust what you
h:ave to p:ay for a party line AUTOMATJ C telephone
and :an extension phone u ps t::~.lrs or elsewhere In
your home. This IN ADDITION to the sum you
would get from your savings bank deposit.
CAN YOU THINK OF A BETTER
WAY TO SAVE MONEY ?
The Federal Telephone and Telegraph Company ·
W
SUbject:
· The Frauds·
, Of Charltr
.
,
.
�-
~,..._Tin"THa
BUPFALO soaALIST PUBLISHING <XliiPANY
.
-.- ~ Ul.....;
.....,...-.-.p..-...
, _ - y 1'VTTIIU.. ....._,
~
.
~-----··
IJUPPALO. N.Y.
~·
-.:kWt nadir J-S. 1912. 11 .._,_ c&:. .a~ N.w Yoot.
tt.t ~tal!M c-itl- u. tau, bot tM ~-. Mt. ..._...,.
by tWt ,.., . .Ill thy .... .. . . .in. ........... &I ..........
. . . . . .ad .. lludl.l.lm
~.rr.::
a.;, l111ut>oa ef : , : -
SATURDII.Y, PEBRUARY :Ia, ,,..
ANOTHER VICTIM
Another •·i,·tim o( t he eapitali11t ~YIItffil is 'ret.'Orded in the
Tn>:tt'llrcr Jul111 J . Kennedy. Uoth t he Republican ftml
t·rat pn "'i& hun• flliOO t•ohmntil in oom:irreiug the pul.Jiie that
Wl' f'f' !'I:Jilllrt'. 1111J telling how he WRS a lways ready a.nd willing
i
t loat11l ta.eel,.,.,tloz:
wu elee!N ta.eC.th·
hi~ (~~!~ to
'"
It~
tile :MaaldJllll t;~~~o~rt io t he ~retar~-~~~~~r o~ , ..._ Copper ,Db·
to· tlliny .t•y.
tht'lll turn our l"fl'orts in 8 tlireetion wh_!dJ will make it
£ur othl'\"'i to take thr 111\tni" rout~.
\
----'"----
lit't lUi hojh' that it ill tho~~<" who llfe liO (om! or the
li)"Mtf: ln th11t 11rt' nnemployo-d 111 the pt~'llent timi'-it
tlu•m ur.
t\W /WWIIj)Af~l"'l
•.:•'ltnpfllinillg
O(
goH~<ip~.
tJoW it
i~
the
DON'T LET HIM FDOL YOU
c'athtie Cborell
followii'.Te tor tlle life
life 011 art'- of
Wf' note that durinJt t ht• excitement o£ the strike 111 the
l"ouplt'r Wor ks at Dl.'pe w the daily preM i11 placing Mr. Uo<<ldl""''"""'·
whol~ ide~~
b! 1•1• polie)'.
hlllmf' £or the trouble on the
~ld politkal
W'al bedtward.
finuld ill tf'portl!(l as r.omin~t out nf t h.- ~<hop unguardeo;l, ttnd
tlw m+'n on Ml't'ing him <'111"·r••d.
All Wt' ClUJ 1111'' · it tllf',l' <lid, is 111111 thl')' u~o;"ll to brush
thirlkl'l'!l. An.•· work1111(11UUJ who IM>Ii•·nos that 11 1
1-'o·nrrlllnnmaf.!l'r il' •·omllwting H J<t rili·• na•inst tlw ·
11·hn <>l'.'ll~hf' ~hop i8 111Hkiug 11 1<11d mi~tnkt.
~lr. Ooul<l i~. ur thinks lw iH. n n·r.•· slick pr njKMition. llllol
w in~ out will flO 11hout !t•llinll lliH fri(·Ud>i how h.- fooll'tl the poor
whn thou~rl•t it wn" nil thf' fnult of hi11 SllfM.'ri nflondcu t. Gould
1111! his ~lll"'riult·r~<lt·nl whnt h•· wnu l~ dun<•. uno! lw is doing
•n•rk ••·llilo· (:,.uld himt«·lf i~ l'"l'illfl a" u hero 1111d r to:l·h·ing tho•
nf tho• nwn.
Onuld i<~ 11 s runrt ' "'''· llo• l111s lutol tr'fouhlf' with tlu:
fnn· nnd tlwn·f,.ro· l;nm;." nll nhuut fnoliu~ tho·m. llr: .
~t nr) ' " hi" frio•ntls uf 11 pt·•·•· ion~ lul10r l•ltp<•rio•tu·•• in whio·h
:!10· niol .,f n o·kr k KII!<'IIth·man. with $.'o,001Ju;; ur1 " itl<'t' lltiw.
''"lit·~•· Jw 1\'H!I tht• oJU,I' ,
I f tho· wo·n " " ~I rik•• ut lin• liuultl f'nuplo•r \\'urlill hll\'t: tlw
::••11•'•' wo• ''"'~li t tho·m with th•·.•· will not l'OtL.;itlc r ·~lr: Gould 11!1
fri•·tlll, lout n'il tlw o \\'tll'r nf till' \l'tll'k" whu is in it for j•Yery <lolhtr
.1. llutt l<itoultl knuw
f'lll'lllg h
nho nt IIIW to ~n l i7.C th11t
t::::;•~.:::· ~~~~~·ii~t.~.:~ ,:::~~rtrl~n:'7:, ~~,S;';:::;~~:,. ett;·:•,\i:~~~~:~~~h~~~~~~~~
b'
i
::;:;- 11110V:~~o.~.:: ;:~~·:~
~
JH.,.... .. m1m.
11
8
l hKt
tho• nlr11in~ of our own d t y.
::~·~~"NJ"~,;',' ~ h:~ ~;:~~~ ~~~~~~:=.:~~~n~·,ll~· b.<
seen
"'""'"!"'''"''"'
h>· looking
Thl! .tJlOipgisl will ~~ay thai we are
~·:,';';j :~\'~~~~~::~.'l''l;;~!J~~:titLt1';1;':;~:!:·
or for that n111tler
the ·~-~~;,.,'".:.;.,,.;
T.Ue ror imJt11nee. Uulrftlu with a debt o £ f3 1,000,000.
Do you call tltllt good buMiness a bility!
With that d ebt Wt~ Jlll.'' out
11 million and a qu11rter
1111'1 "'·err yea r to the Lonke nc ro r
~la,·bfl that ia wh11t t hey mean
'
for t tw! bankrra. H th11t i• wha t thry mean
it is a
-
...
1£ it is
bulline~~~
.
I
to let a lltreet ('ftr eornp11ny ha-ve an
,ehi.t- for almoct nothing and m11ke million11 in proflt , then it is
1£ it il ,oOO buainN"' to gh·t away \'a luable
und pf'.rmit the 00111pany to mulct the people, then
Dut wben it com€'8 to conducting ' the a fl'aint
beoeflt of the majority of the people the facts
h::~,: ~~ :~d =~~t ~-~~~.._.
t
73 pair
~~- ra•~
•••
••·e -
t>l!\etA
in IUCh a ,....,,. W<>.td l ;:;;;;,; ;:.::
he di.du.rged immediately. The whole worb would be
.
11ncl pqrced of enr y man who could not make ~. aDd
' ~'--·-"::···"""
would be ehanged to one whi~b wo,llld not ~if of w~ u
roee the ~nd t ime. That ill what 1bould happen jo.t now.
Theile 110-Ca.lled bwrin.- ·men have prol'ed a failure. Tbe
IW failed to meet the noqnirementA aDd t he only way to
our dairl ia to throw out. the ineftkient •Y•tem ud in.taJI a Dew
in i~ plaee .whieh will meet the I."'ndition~ broupt aboai •by
rb~ methods of Jlroduetioo and ti,·lng.
We- are trying to eooduet ou,r t!OIIectil'f• bua.inet~ ·oD u
plan wltidl wu pradieal one bundrf'd yea1'11 a,O. We are
Ji \'e eoll~til·ely and own ittdhidually. We hne 190e broke
dO b'lWD~ eo~trary to logit'. A busifM!t8 to be ~~
· · to tbt m.inute.
Our ' ' busir:rf:SII" aduliniKtratioo is one- hund~ yMre behiDd
t i~ aad uur treutlr>· ill t-'11,000,000 SHOR't.
..
.• t
. b .. ••- fonnrdiod by ,... .. be 411•
tribat.d for t~ bn_.. <at ,._ alrilliac
• 111'" frHti"C' ll'.illl•rn .
" KladiJ' IIS1Ud •Y alattn tbaU.
...
::
.
~hor~h ;:"·~·~~:~' i:• .r..~~;:~c,•~b~~~
l fl!l . &-nnlorO'Gorrnan,n•r•ro!·
!be State or ~ew York, Ia the
i•workioglik.. a he••·rr
re!~::,;";l:;•.";,fp::
•
eWWna.••
~
-..moll' 800•.'
Till! P"rutt.· ...u...a elilcUotu .wilt
'O'tltdlet of 1'\illty.
pluad~i•~~: out,.,_, llr
I
of lll••ea.JW>ti• are .... pkrt_la Kay. At tHltiOtiM·
Cur CbaNallowed e•·idl'llt•-•••••" 1,_ "--· -·
.t..:itioa. A ...OIII· tloa• 1. . 8odal..._ poiW l ,lOO,OOC.
it wu tllowo tllat Lifllftl
I
to,.;..,. fud• "'" ..a - . . . ! Jl· - • At ...t
Lloderftlt ••• Ia ellatll of tM
,.,.~C.o..-. ll. tht edltor u- tl• . . . . . . . ._.., ... Yerr
deallar deYU,M of tile openlon
llu • .,.......,~ ._,.11..,. -;radltaliftk iUMI teqM ~ u.
til~ •Uitia wn t IIIIo tile ! eld aod
meetlor.tohelltoloiJ!IIftY·· '"-•11dir.-lldtM.n.,...,_•
acaayotllermembf.n.:oftllemilitia
I, at tile I:IIII>IM!rt ThMier, one or-.tll.t-a, .,.,,. of tWi t ' - l•d·
lllredpaaeaofllleopoll'f'ato""
Ia the city. nome• , ... en oew lie!., ~~ af tille RorlaliiO
Jolla C. O.,ood, J. f'. Welborn
I
eaadld.aW> for )tayllr at pert.y, U l• tiloiiJ.III thla •Ill Jrf!Otly
otlleu of tbe opcntors nhnly
I
two.,,...,,,.,.,., will , 1-11. Otto l~unlll'
AOtll.liat •trtartll.
tblt t be,- llad bougiltmaelllne
I
:WS2
Nl11t_b . ,....... 110111b, hu
,
llln~<t jfii!0-11, aad thea ia
l reAIIII'f'T of
C'OPIIIQillet\.
OJ'PJCr8
brestb their attoney ..d tloe ,
PAD arr mG DDT.
to d""." that aoa"'b." rei,.• 111
Tile n.,ort of ''• •••IIC.rw wllo lin•
nrite .utile,
.IIOOlALtaft WILL MDCI~ tua.laad t k b.b at tloe utloatl of~
llhu: ¥U•rdo aided br th" m\litia Ke-ep
ltaliu ff'mlniR" ha•·e •IHidtd to llee of '"" Soeiallfl puty
lllaL
tile mf.a ia tile ..ioN aj!'&ill.tl tbelr, JlrO·
t ~f'ir mo,•mut wit II tllat 'of tlol! t-S.IItll.i.'i o~ tll.e dP.bt or ta.e oi!Bce llao
IMt b,.- gunt. takl1111 awar tll~r ahoeo.,
loeca11N ar tl>e ,,...o~~:ailio11 of •-• ~ld·l• ta.. la•l lli.r aOttll., letY·
~ otbn tlewo!•trh·ialf ml!.no, witn......,
that the t'Sotll.lil't~ ..... ... ,,.. lal( et:t,lll4.o& qiJiuaadl••· h • ••,.
1""1\llto<l.
IIHIN! d'Hti"l' ll.rbt for WOPIRD tl1111 to t'-1• a eouldoraWe oUIIO!Ial af'
F.•·tdeaee iatr..l11rtd the lint week
tb111 lbt femi•!Jb arl' abll' \O •ew '""t '-•• beooP:a ua.dtrtab• aad
1b11wed J•laillly lbaltlle ooln f!lll to bt
tile::;;::· of 100 Slltiali•t •omo tnrat.diq? npe•- .-'Jlrll''"'i by wilD- will ••o..k tbe Pll·
I• •
••ea
••
lht
••f.
.AftOW&L
-M••
LAWYERS fOR Jll
to ,..rtiallleat ••• i11 la'lCf.
d11e to t.be umpela:n ell'ort•
Itetlan ..,ft'ratti.c•, tiM' Boc-ll.tilt•
ba•·i•ll dtel.,.'l!d fur wo111en •nl·
fn)!e.
·
. Yrom now 011 t~e ~lalin• ~Ill !alit
•• ...
e-tleratooa •• all ltahen elf'l!·
AS'I'HW ~ g .
PWLJ.BD P&OJI ~~
·be <lid not adllare t• t b•
party'1 l•; t Mitlioo, Ia tile llebat.e orcr
tile Afrlcaa Joollry at 1he 1talla11 Oor·
eranteat, Arthur l..brlola, a flo!:putr
from ~-~~~~, fr111 lt"'et tro111 tlle me•·
J:l.t.c•-
benbl)•lillllfllM!~Iali!tparl.f:
BtTLOABIA~
--;
,-IIOCULliT IOALPS. Ln'ESATUU Of TJIB
DV1'0II L&lrGVA.Oa
MA~ TO fOOL
~"
m8tti•r which o£ the eapitali11t eHntlitlates wiM we
S ueh 11 1111111 ill IIUJ'JKII!k'tl to know Hll :;bout
alf11in; o r 11dministr11tion in n nwthot.l whieh will eliminate
,.~.,,.'J,Jillh t•tmditionH "·hieh will bene llt t he locality.
It i~ eXf'H.~·h-d thlll ~m·h mt•n will j'Omluet our aff11iM1 in .a
our Catbolir in~titvtio11~ and
H'IIOOIL Thfl Olll t ry of t be
autb.:oritiu i• by no mean•
..d
~llitc~•.o:;;,ll~t~~f. 10';b~ir ·~~;: :,l;:e"'::;::~:~~~ ~t;;~.!:?~~!:lf,::"~:~~
inlhtf'llf.l' in Am..,in. I t ;, t be of anarehy !bat now uiotll ill Sont'il.erD
' o•·er 'tbl! ~bio:keu the! rOml' home Colorldo.
CAPITALIST P(IJJICIANS
sn. UP CAMPAIGN
E n•Q' yt•nr a l.oo ut eiM!tion time t he .bu~int!!!lli men m11ke fl ~trellt
fo1r a " luuiilll""' IHlminilitnltion . .. sml the i•upitH\ilil politit:lll
u•"k•· it 11 point to nomin11t~ 111! " husini'!'O"'" men us t heir
"J!M..illt.t lilt' t·K ndidah'!l or th ~·iK iist I'Krly who sre ·of
dass.
Tbe
j>oliry,la a modlhdo\elfrt'"·
• "" '~-"'""'' '''"'"" i
UA1rmo• l r .•.-....
lw W/llli 11111k in~: hin1.<R'If linhlf' for lloyeotting. ~lnyl>f' he think!! th:tt !Jc.
Tbe antic.• of the old ,,.ny
•'1111'"'' ht• il' ~ f:Htl•••li<• h~ c•on g~t IIWII\' with it.
· ·
rlant In tbcn "'tr.orh to 1ec:11rc a
BU81NE8_8_ A_
D_M- ;-N-18
- T- RATION
•••1,
"JI"oalty by their llirll
illit.-raty.
!bat t aowltdRf' i! JIO"IIt
al'rriookeol by tile
Only t bry wir."-'11
I' forlhtiiiHIVPOtllepower
kllowletl!fC. 1~\PO\t ,.f
•nol to.. drl!•- wl'rl! ottt!a mr_a
lf'lroiltg. Blj,l 1~ maMH •eTe
i11 a ot.,te or mf'nta l bli11d11t,. .o
they ronl.t more •••ily hf' reD•
olotilt 1od Ollbmill>li.,. to r hnreb
~~;·i:;~: ; ,;iG~\: :!:~:~;~:.: ,: ~: .:.: :~: : ~ .: ; ~::E::::~:!~~~:;.:~·:~::::: .: : : ~;~;::~·::::~Sf:;~·:,::.: : :~
,.,.n,. ••Ill ..r tlw sh"t'~ uwl ti•• )lr. t:oulol'~ work;< up 110 tight lr thKt
Jw will !uno· 11•• ··hKIII'I'. In t.rH!! th i,. timt· Kilt! tt·ll funny ~torit:~~ llfll'r·
11 nrd~ ,.f how lw us•·11 ll ny•h•tl to f,ol! lw wnrkt·MI.
•'
c.! ~", •::;.•:::::. ::r;..:.
per 1.--.,.,, 11 .-.uu JIPI',Jl"'•• b11rd:ea oft~ ••••rl•rlittle
t il;(•tn••n!JI.
~\ r. l'nnl
al•t
of t.l.tlll•t ,..-.~._~•1 llf Ul bo1"' •it.,.
0: • • .
printL...! 11s a supplem('nt to the
~~~,.'; !);~~:~~~~~io'l~~~nf,:~~~~;~~
fo~1,";n.:.e
i11
ar-. III'P.r • • attitl• t"'bth"u~- 1':;;;,..,.i1~" A1"::~
b~ t1:: :.~~~~lo::':t~"~ ~:nbt':lf ,:! ~~~='-:....-:•,::
~: c~~"r;!~::! ::a~:; :~~e•;:::: =~ tt~.!.~
thf' "
~:~~~~; i~t ti:,.a r!!~~; !~~~~:rd~~~~~~~:~t ;~•;':,:~.!.he ;he:t:1~~!·~~~ ;";.;.~. ....!!'""""'"''""·
tlw
Iatile -·k- :,~:~~t .:'d ~i:ui':::!;•!.i'::-ier~::
u~e
Jl=etl by •• b.._riJIIio•
tiler. \'. Oolli•• PllbllQi.,
Npeela.Uy 1._ fake of "'"'•r
foa•tala Pf'll, • •ril.a ~.60 or
i a d - t wltil •ubwriptlao._
tile ~ne of tile trial Ill
Wllfll'
IIIIIIISillf,: to I!Ott'
:-;;;.ra
1''-e.nt ollldat._
tt,;3o.os.
1 all 0\ 1 ~;, lau MP
u:puded Ia d1t f'll"'luriae of cleta-1.,.
' IIUft 00 TO J4IL. wbld1 h.. bw• faMnfdeol tt c.l...do
);lh1a -Twin City 8o· ••d M!.-ll.iJaa.
·
.
·~';•;.i:: C::O:~\:: ::i~ !7~~=~: ~~~'·,:;•:.=;:t~o:
JtOihi~~- th\~l:to•::;n:1i~ ~~~~~~ui~o~~ ~:rt ,.'~',':si"a~l~nd.
i~
TIWID
•
":;::: ~~"~:~~~"::~::;0,:! t.:~:~~~~:~:e 0:e~C~~~~·~: .
hut a "ystem of
which I'IBC~ a 1111111 iu u J)Oiiition wltich drins him to ~uiejde
or hiH o~·n or l1iK rrit'm.ls' rnetlwds or c·nudut'ling pri•·atc
LtllliOt'MII ru\tt'll l'nough to uff'd 11 clu1nge.
It
Soeialitt -pblfoq .....
ann:o•
~~·~0 :~~~~~~~ ~pologil:ing ror\_Kenm'll~·.
c:nrri·~ l b~·
•• Of'IUlDU. aM ...._U..al - pall• ...... -.,1 II It bellon'M lloatSalt Lake wW 1M Mkl«tly • th•
~~·~·:k, f~ ~=~~h:
~
..ik.~~
~=·! ~~~~~:;.'·.~:~ lh~~~~:'":::.~::.':. ·~,;~
\Ui Uli if this r{'lttli;J(->111 WtLS the r'Bltse 0£ hill
lw.•11 n m~n morl' t'8flllhlf' o£ Jltltling up 11 f\gbt hi!
~tnud It;;; j..'TOuud int:tt'lltl or eummitting 11 d~l £or whieh the re i
f'!lll'IUlt·.
Tire raet thnt h;• woultl ha•·~ to f11ee t ht! im:et:tigotion ami
· th<' truth shouiJ uot trouLie n 1111111 who know11 thnt !11! ill d e11n.
..tlh·nl hn•·co donf' wrong let t h~o~u C.et! tht mmU~.
~~·iuli11t;; <'l11.irn thl\t iudh·icluKI!< art! subj ect to l'lll'ironmc.nt.
till!< rn11.n wn no ;•xf'eptiun. lie Wll.<t a L'OOI. ea lm politicilm o£
».lllndinfl. and Willi ho•li1•\'NI lo be one o£ tin: wiliC 011~. yet b e
c·lutflht in t hr rrtot v f tho· <'llpitulilit "'·stem tmd fell a l'ictim. 1'he
1 ~ 111
·-:--:..: :!:
14
·-=·-~:..~:~:\:: '":'!
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ttt. c...tlt ol llot "c•- tlera . . . • •
tk
tUt IN . .101' 1M rt•ol'll(
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
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Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-02-28
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-02-28
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n091_19140228
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n091
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/09940fc1baed26ebfe52e32620446c01.pdf
daedec82522c7b32da637ad86b289944
PDF Text
Text
SPE-C fAL
WOMAN'S
EDITIO•
�~ THE
.
RIGHT OF WAY·
\
'
Tclcpbont oervlu shpuld bo av.d!Uk lor
yoUr ux at ANY TIME. In a n your:.'vqlce ~ have tht ricbt r:iwar. to
any:~. wf¥> can render asslltana.
·,
llnetelcpbc.eoerv~u!S
allowio you lo -<1 your caD 191'
wlthcut clclay or lntcrruptfon. It b
~-p~blc.
Tllllc.t~oaly
I
• ...,_._
,_.,.tt.u.PartyU.~-.
When
the~ oc:cun
. wll1 YOUR voice have the
In YOUR homo
ricbt
r:i
war ?
.
.
mNewYork
•
.
, Telephone .eo.
It'• E_,-.bao.
Tdophooc,lluiWioa
Cbuodo olt Ptaoklla-
PIANOS artd PLA'YER.P.IANOS
. HONBST PIA.HOS AT
HONIIST PlliC':Q
•
326 JBWfSL-uJiifll;s:'EALO, N. Y:
Allftat. .and euiMorlbe tbr the
lrfietter•Eeltu~·
'l'be oa.l7 Germao Denpaper l.a &he .... n ..... of s ... Yodr ae,, ...,..
• -~lbelu&e~otU.•Worldaca-.-110-forl......_•
Olfb.31S-317Ga..-Sac - ·- -...,N.Y.
�•
i. '
MAO~
$4.00
.
.
.
••
~?'
.
Compare our up-
eta!,.. prloes w1th
the eo-called
barpln• you
Up atal ...
''Eodo.ed f111d 0118 dollar l.o re a"'
•1 .ut.cripUoi. It wu a matter ot
Ml(leet oa my pa rt l11 not lookior •~
the JIDmber on tbe b.bel. JU!ping th a t
I will not n~i• • aiogle iS~<Ue , wb ic b
woald be mrlou, 1 l"'!ma.io, 1ritb beat
wlob"\'oun t or the Re\' Olotioo,
OTTO I:OITZENST ATTER, '
Lotkport, N. Y.
Contract Today For
The Automatic Telephone
It Is the only system that Qffers
absolute relief from the telephone
annoyances that hampe r and retard your dally business routi ne .
It Is the Ideal syste m for the home, because
by a marvelous mechanical arrangement, It
affords your home and loved ones complete
fi re and pollee protection, In addition to perfect
te lephone service.
It's secret, It's simple, It's safe and
It's sure. It Is the greatest lnven·
lion In a decade and has revolu·
Uo nlzed te lephony.
BUY YOUR HATS AT
Pike & Dressel
Tbe Federal Telephone and
Telegraph Company
Socialist News Depot
a.
Dally Socialist Papers
tall Uo• ot 111oathl7 ll.lld -11:17
pertod lcalt.
APPEA L SUB CAR Dti.
Uoloo Good•
1..........,
lk.........
•hofu~~~;!" ~:~:~·:~= to p~.,...:R:;I~..~::~':,~~j.::z":;:~' 2S&M
Jln,... .........,. .. a..
HOUIEI, ILOCIE CO.
Pune'"al Dlr eg t o r •
............. o-11~
c-a- ~
o-
o., .,..
Nl al'lt.
e()7 "W"I LLI.A. W •'-• oor. •t:o.u _ _ _
F. A. Z-..M. N. J. ~Me¥
....._ . . . ._u-12
. ............
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c.r.Kt~.t-•
-
U671
- ZEBOLD BROS. 00 •
~
.&~p.,.
.
..J. c~.,.
.., ........... ... ....... ........
. . . . . . liMI'IL&ooh
;
ll:IO~t:OO
-"Final Cltaranu
of
Winter ~ults
end
- Overcoats
~50~~.'-~. ft8.7S
tl8.:=::-!~ - t14.7S
~::~.:QJ~
t11.78
·~~~:~~ . ...78
�._
-. ......... u....._,
IIAit'n'l~,.._.
, _ , . TUTTJaU... ..._,.
~
6N-6a5 Muhal
1.&....,
MJPPALO.N.v.
~.........,_T_
..... c.t.n..&.. ........
BUPPALO, N.Y.
~Priat SJJIO,_yeu,5Cie *mG!IIdll.pq"" ta.....,_
...._.» --s..ca... _.,.. J- S.~·d. J1011: oifb .. IWWor. N.w
1912. ..
\
Yort.
.....S.tt.ado1Mucb3.ll79
SATURDAY. fEBRUARY 2J. J9H
THE END OF MAN'S L!CEN8E
The time waa when people said, "It hu alw&)'ll been so, and· it
aiWHYII will ho· Mo.'' ~ot so, in this unfair. inhuman and injurious
pr~~rti•·•' of thr tloublc .11 amilard of morals. 1\!ople are awakening to
' !.hill evil and ILltking mw nuother. is there one good rea.'!On why 11ociety
&!HI tho· chu r c/1 allow one (·ode of morals for our women, an(l accept
a.unthcr for ou r 111en ! It is time Jlrude ry wu flLIC away and COIDIIJOII
fh' ll...-· hrnuJ:hl to the front. W t" cli ll oul'tleiVCM 11 Chri11tian cou ntry,
we sa.•· 11'1' li n• in 11 l't."Utur~· of 8dvanced idea11 and educa tiou and yet
we M~t r wtiun this douhle 11tandard of tnoral8.
When wonL<'IL fully n·Kiiz~: thnt their he11lth und their ch ildren's
htalth d.-pt•ntl llll mut'h upon th e phywical cle&n lin!!RI! of the hus b1111d
and ruther ItS upon tl:o·nt!lcln•K, then the,· will tltnuwd of the n
whKI tit<- mnn e:t jlt't:lli of .the woma n. We must m1tk e it pla in
th r 1111111 muJ<t h~ ju111 1111 )Hire as t.he woman. \\"h t'ther thia sex
·
~hould ht> tuutrlll b~· tlu· mothcr 'or fatlwr st houJS! or by the
phyBi~·ian ur at ~t·hool. it mn,;t lw tl () n f',
t 'hild la hor. whit(' t<llln>r\· arHI liWentcd labor. the tliligrllt>e and
of our uution. wiiiiH• nO mon• nntlcr the o·o-ope rath·e <!o mmon-
11hnmt·
wt•nlth.
II ill the dut~· of c\·ery Sociali11t woman to uot only bct'OIIIt' a
rueml.,·r of tht· S.winlist l' urt y. but also to join the Womalt· ~ Cluh
in her hmncb or local.
A NEW .JOKE
A nrw joke haa bel'n going th r rounds in the womt•u's mag11zinet1
la!l'ly thnt rt•a< lll sotnl'thin~ liko• tlli":
'' !'it)' tht· poor workinp:: Jrirl. Why. she of all people i11 most to
J,.. ' ''"'iN\. Hutho·r pit~· tlw poor you n g heireAA or the wife of n Uus~iau f.(rand rlukt•. or th~ j..'irl who tu11rri ;o11 nn Italian count . But don ' t
pit~· t ho· 11irl with n guod jnlJ. A 1-!'00d job i}l one of !h i' hC!II health
r r.~ort11 m t il•• world . He,mlnr work . rt•gnlar hour11. ph~·siep \ actil'ity
r"-.'
N.
r. t.•lt
. ll8aowD'O F411'.
~~~~~~~~~~~~=~~~==========::::=:::
ot til• . aatiou.l 'tlll.ct ot
parlyfdt .Juauy, 11114,.
lll!..•be,.l!ipof lilt par·
.110.... 11. Of tbe~~~~ 101,!-91daea.. Tile ot.laer1 . 1ftnl .,_.
I"'IIIlltutloNI reqpu.
•·ttough t u k•·•·1• th.-- IJO,J,,· s trmtfl. tttl oc<· npio•d mind. p olt·!fr•••• of intll'nr.- tho· thillt:ll thnt o·ount for one'!! wdl h('i nll und ""
I"' IHI•• n l'e--Titt•~t•·
umk·~~-:~t ~~~·~:.1;n 1/:il111 ~·1:;s_ whi.-!1 i~ 1111 ,Jouht
trtH'. makes on.- woud•·r.
;•·hy ."H '"'.' '""'''',"' I> h~· ~;"'; of ''" wocki"< 1wo:'""
"",' f~)'.
WHY EVERY MOTHER ,SHOULD 'BE A SOCIALIST
n,.,. "'' ~"" """ ;, "'' C.~''""
I"''"'"'
•"•hi•u
~hlom •mplo1 o phy•
oom><OU1,
wo wm """ ,_,.
d>Udmo
~~;.~;r~1f~~~~~~!~~~~::;~:t~ ~ii~i; ~k~~~:=--~.,4~~.7"'_\,.bl~.·
·
·
·---~~--
nr~ utter"'"' tl"' ]Jrof.,un·IP&t truth.
IUcllnt ~~tr.lll"bertii.IP for
o~~e•i~tteOo:tober,lll l :lp
flllt tbe •la•p' 1fiiiE II fol-
;
ot191!ia-..otoaly
ot tilt put, bill tbat.
IOWIPtl• O,..lliUtioa [-.
I l l fltUI.hll
-<0 .....
rrc•u•~•
111
will prob·
meca~l'lll!:-
,
fronl sh co fiiJhl .-bi!~"'OJ tbt-y
~.:.~::.~~:!::;:~>:?:!::.':::~:,::;:;;;:~i::~(i;gi'fl.::~~;;,~;;;~·.~f~:~~~::~ii; :'::!;~·:~:;;::::~:;~::.:~·:·;·;~·:::::~:::~ ;~~~~~2~2~~::·;.
Jf•.l' t!u-ir
tirst snmplt· nf pnliticAl
j u~ttice.
'"''l"l':;;; '·~,~itt: ',';,7 1 ,.,~:'c:rrnllll;;,.
''"''" tnQIIx>J.:I ( O<hom
th~r
•:;
1M!
A;:n~hi;h~~::~'! "!!cc~..:~ould
bonor io . ,_,II ..-ateb hl:'t up l"ee-<!loo.
A
POLITICAL PARTIES NEGLECT WOMEN
.... tn ••"t tin -amon~-: tb{on, ror a ..-bile, daw-a• ut>Oo '"''· -n;.
I IloW 1, 11 ,.11 1J,.,·s 1 h•• Dcmocrnt p!!rly eare for the wom en of the lind lloNt woulol l .Jut"~ th~m~ tu go fort h •h ':""" ~~ ntotber ; aile m111t
::',',~',~"~~ ~~.:'',::~~~~. r} ::/:'~!r :~::~form
o·o ut11 iuing 5.000 word11, u ot ouc
l.o •t ns lttk•• n look nl t lw llt·publiean platform. Yes. th ey IOOIICII
up u It!! It· loit. \\'1• rt·!ld in thlll pHrngrnpl1 e.nlitletl Soeinl Legislatimt.
" Tn !unit ··IT····ti•···ly tho· lnhor
~·pmt· u . " Thf' only !lfllt Ct• gin·n to
"'"IIP"tt iu t lw ]•httf1•rttt wa~; the menninglt'llll tt•rm nbout limiting fetnlt l•· lnhnr.
Tlto•tt · ·ou~t·~ tl~o· prize pae kHgl', thnt gay dccei\'er, thf' l'rogrctllli\'l'
pHrty, 111 i t ~ piHtformuy&. " Th e l"rogreuin: party • ' • pled~s
itfl••lf to the ta Hk of RI'Curing f'"tUal auffrage to rue u and wom en alike.''
W t· lll~ o rNt•l of the l~greuh• tfl' thoughtfuln l'll8 of our aex in th e
flllrtlgrHp h on "~ocial Rnd lndU8trial Justiet' .. , lmagine any !IOCial
ttntl in,lull t riRI ju111ire under th e eompeti th·e wage ayatem.
Th r Soda liM l•httform eomea out boldly for "unrestr icted
f'q unl suffrngc for wo::nen." ' They do not e \'ell forget that
of tbo• o• ppitaliKt ~y~;tem, th e prostitute. Today ltD)' hone11
JW1'1'tm know" thut low wages is .the cause of prostitution and
womf'!t l111\'" lico·u Ullt'd RH a tn ellllA of reducing the P rice of la bor by
th•· profit so·o·k •·rs. It i11 an economic reason which d r·i\•ea women to
tht• ~trc1· t. ('nn Hnyone supJKllie for a minute that thtse ,.,·omen would
not pro·f•·r to Ji,·e JZood lht-JJ if gi,·en R~ - ~pportunityf
.
or
\\',. r••Mli7.t' thnt it i11 \u~r-d f'nough fnr a man
~nut in tlw wc-t< k.'K pay e.D\'elo))f'-hut it lakes a
·
mnkt• that sum cn\'er the (,0 ~1 of rent, fuel, clothes.
IWt'''· uio·kt•l Hhow11. c!lpita list ne...,'lfpapers and that
fooJ.
::e~ '~.:~;:, •,~~1111 "~,;~'".,.7t~ ~::~~~:.:~0~
:
1 11
;:.:, 0 tol
.w~; :,~ ";!~~:~
1 "<1 ~ham r.
ot_ a time when oo woman m~m
Let u~ f'nl~r a tytlital honw!. It f•irlr mot.Mr 11 nll'al her whole heart aod
,.;,h ,l'l>UIIf,:lll'r... 'n>e hom~ ot J'Ntlll for- IL
!b~"" nootben ••~lr ~on•iet of ~ore thin
AP,i11 ...-atcb bn uprNOioa. 8be
t...-o room~, yet tn u•t •hettr.t from nip~ ,.,.y: ''If my bi!Sbtllld kaew that,
' " t..-~h·e ~"""'"•·
•
( It brtab J'"ur heart to
1t would take tbNegenUf'QICII to a,;.,. belpl-.)
.
"""'h"
o:o:re pby1idao of thil roll~"ttd diltriet.
t would aU tbe ph)'tidaa to tell wloat
abjeet roieei'J • rootller i• ploaJ'!d i11to
wbrn W I"Hii~H that obe I• will! ehild
•K•iD. A11d the phyeidan will abo tell
him !hat tbe motllt!n of lar~ famillH
"YN," you 'uy," your
der the- ea-.;iroPDtnt, will
to illlprore bi-ll, aad 10 w-10
tile Na-re tllat ' 111 - o f btl ldo d
wben
lllftl
111d womeD
&J'fl
t,iUthf.olKII.t;
•
de.l., wltb • .KJiooUal of_ e bildre..
rdrKt"'7'
Ia ••;~:~ •:o::~~ ~~
lala-aalt-.
b<lun, will bOt able to bear 10ule,
~.
,.,--.Jinl.,-.)
lldoua't · a nH•herlo 1olliatfaetory:Miadln r tbe , loe~lll• from tilt daw ..
tl'ell!
b-'t..._a-1: ll.er at aU, yoa wlD
aote, ..
.
tjglf &ow ••teedJ•P7 '"I'- uti
aawe...J7
-....
w-..... .......a, bt it1.a.. Mppaud to-
••t•r
: · .. "
~
DU"'t'Y
~laim thr birthright, brot.lt!'r,
Awakt!ll f rom tbi1 ltrribl~m;
Co m!!,
lt'•rou r<1uty,o~toanot b
.
AltbOCigh doublf11l tbi1 ma -m;
open the ga.lr. to bappine.
lf~lp
Aod weltome tbe fnmiabed gu"ll
Witb I:OtopauioD &ad ll!a~ro~
Whr do.t thou d~lart .
r-i11Ute .un wbn 111e jqrl•
•
the e~k...,., . ·• ,••>:....
Brfa1iq- 700 blltil1l7 tilt order 701t
""'
-
'
In • ....taop ' ...,..... lite lll a
;N
!••eaa'
fol' tile plUa-· ••
lin-
.
wll.idt . 1lae
''-'t••to. ~loera pato-
.. ~ . ...... Jr.:..., ·~
=:,..
h ...
~~ · ...proi..
W~ ~,...lF,.Jwr tM
~· ·J • •
,
-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-02-21
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Description
An account of the resource
Special Woman's Edition
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-02-21
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n090_19140221
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n090
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/626bcca728605179be83a624db61f228.pdf
18c72c1a347b26842e4a6c7469456aa9
PDF Text
Text
I..OOitATTim~t:#
...... IDCiAurr 011
IW& A1'_... S!'MII!I
~YTO
YOUit ADDitDI !.Aim.
IP IT IS
90
.
YOUit stiiiSOUPTIOI'l I!XPIRES NEXT WI!Dt
SA~
Price Two CaD
LOCKED OUT
OLICS THREATEN
JOHN DOE PROCEEDINGS
preliminary arraDgtomea~ a.re a a
fr.>r tb., lecture by CbuiN
litusell to be gi •·e11 "' Xe•
i l bll, :?6-6 Gf'nH~ •tr...._t, & ..
f' \'f'ninlol', Feb. :?:!•ul. Tkkeu are Ia
hud1 of~ll btan<"b •~retaricll aaf
••~ -
.ura l at fWeialilt beao.lltuarte"'
Mutual Li fe Bldg,
inquiriea ila•·e be-en ree.!4 •·e4
tbe •·•J•aci t yoft hrbaU .....
wiabto~
Iotenatlllul, 1lle employe.
at~d tlaay are Dot aoing to
T he tOIIIJl'-Dy e:rpeeu tie mea to I'
up to the agl'tll':me<~t, and u.~ me~~o
maad that til. eompa11y do tke -.me, or
t lr.erew:IIJbetroublt,aadtbe-ntr tbe
ecllllpaay rulbn It t M better.
IOtl a t e tAt Lba
�:GBRUEs EIWIII
. .BlSSHL,
'
, NOTID'!OCIAUST atA'n:a
•
'
AND~
.. j
',
wtll•~kat:
· . · _
'
\~
.
MILLER'S HARMONIA HALL
aw c.-.Snd.- ...._.
Sunday EvCnin'g, Febr. 2md,
..
at &;6'dock
· Au.plg- .
LOCAL IIIJI'!'ALO, S<XlALIST. PARTY, ·~
ADiiliiiOI
IJ CEITI .
10 IEIE~YEI IEATI
Are men who grasp opportunities readtl)'.
That's Why "Buffalo's·· most pMgresslve
business men are those who use Federal
Long Distance ServlceJ~ They quickly See
the difference between nominal toll charge~
and the e.noiTI'lous expenses of traveling
salesmen.
M\"CiothMare dealg aed tomee t t hel'fl·
qulremeDtaofmeowhoOMIF:tbtlbelt
Rise with the ''new bus(ries.s day"
MAZUCA
and get Into the ways ol the most
progressive men. Use Federal
Long Distance.
••clolbes Tba.t Are Different"
H. F. PENNY
.The Federal -Telephone and
Telegraph CompB.!IY
®
-
.
.
.
�l
any .,_until-you
•II\
-R~l
·--.- AM. >ntEJIE..
. Arthur
~ollobe\'ktor"6o(.lpr
l'lc:JflcpW•Of:N'Cil p~.
..,_.~ br u~ Labor.
•
~
P&UODI:iile 0 . . "Crtl4e.
._
.,.ll......
c,_,_,..,,.._....tJ,._._
Q.ARMENANTE
.-w-
J'iu.JewelryRe~
Butcalo. N . Y
~T•-aee.
.-
e>
·"
.· S2.oo~~·o
.. .
$4.00 . . ...
..
.·
·.
.
.··
.
.
.
THIS WILL INTEREST YOU
On and after FEBRUARY lOth rot
store wlll close ·at
6 P. M., T tKSC!ay,
Weclnesday, Thursday and
Friday
evenlogs.
OPEN MONDAYS UNTIL 8 P. M.
SATURDAYS 11 P. M.
56 Smeca Str«t
Up Stairs
Louis Josephson
l(«b,.,., s";;,;,, Cl•tbl•g ·
S-.l(klttas,cdllllt.
·--.,.,..10t4
umoHu.U.t..
. ._ . at.. Bun••o.N. v .
~76
ONE BELL LINE JUST FOR YOU •
bii' arguments that Individual
Une T dephcac. Service advances.
Is one of the
lt"s a service that b
~in
every way.
It allows you to c.a.U or be called at any time
day or night.
The cost is but a few cents a day more than
Pa.ty line T~ Service, too.
Ask our Co,;,crcial Office about lndlvidual
Line Service today.
You'll be interested.
New York
Telephone .C o.
T clcpbone BuikHar
CbUKb &. Franklin Struts.
.
..,.,., ........
,__.
THE. EmiPIIIE
,
TWO~
�-
~.....a..Tn~n,-
BCI!'I'ALO soaAUST l'tliiU5BII'IG COIIPAHY
.__ ...... U. . . . . .
~---............
KII'P.U.O.,JI.Y.
• ..... --.T-
a MIJiaa Dallara Worth of Uatucd
_,.~~u- .... ·· ·;:.~:;-;:""
~
Ptb
J3dooejng to Catbollc a.m:h on.
is Pald-Oty and
Officials aft
~
......,_.~
s-
..... "-S.itiZ,.altla. , . ....,_ .. ....._pw.y...
SATURDAY. ·FEBRUARY
t '4, ' ' '-'
IN OUR SCHOOLS
"F•tvm:ahlo•" l '"'!:"~
Working C lass Pay For ::
..-a.actoflola.:b!,Jm
- -=================
Pn>•rvt•;;;.
iD SIDh Ward- $l,U6,650 JD-
lUI,_,_,_. * ..... ,.,... .. ...._
A i t a - - t b e - r o l l o f a a - Kicl.Hl'a a..ar-cll u aot -ouo"'- 1.::·:.
taud pi"GGp(ny lrill ,.splda • ..,. . . _ . Probably Ill• . _ n fc.P' it.
•b,. i& I• tUt t.H C"oJy or Bdalo i•
.
Wnld a.:r mw·• n...
The lalnt inforuu.timJ •• to tilt' iulluen«:e of tile Catbo1ie Obureh Pl,oGO,OOO <.. ddot, aDd ri•& deepu
u lbyar F'ollnaaaa b6 Ua
~eeted '~f!E~fi:w- ~-lbe yaz ~114 :.~::.: ;:r:~~lo~\ity,
•j·~~~~=~~:~~;';..:'~~br~ :~!...t!Sl:!.:'l~~:_n
A. KiD1 lw been
• . ~l r. Ki n~ • h~<ral~,ffi u tln~ _lnWnt!W!I manager of t~ Ca~li~ ;:
I Ilio n _and T1m"·. sud •• rea~y ffi•l or. ur that p11.pr:r. In ~1.1 JX*!Uo_o Llllti
f'u.b.,...:.~-.
~fort},:::!.~wail: r~•ll-& t111a Dt~t
*• ..,. ,
cit.._.. ~n
iateMib
1'\r.rty,
e·nr
ofll""'
t.M
to
u ,.h111n1.1an of ll1111 tJaard wlueb t•nm m,.a the papc111 mbm1Ued by h~a; -~:C· tllo k pe r
~- • 111 ~e, ( tht •• ua.. d u.itiaa
.III'J•Iit'alll!l for JIIOO!it itm!l' '" t("'IChr MI ) Jr. King will be ,-e~y tl!M!': ful to the ~I.e ·~bt it ~ pe;er:~.:~=r ~ be will tab aupo to llave tilt
.
•·1-'ln~~~ !:~,:'.'r)~~j,,l! in l•ot"•king ovt'r tht- vnpe-n will !"' very
Ul!l_l !" t im""' 1d1 ~1 ~U"'£'""'1 (rj>{'Ju m o( thought 011 e ugenae1.
r,..hj:IO II, 1111d ~11:'11ilUiln .
IJI ther e llrty
ll. !';,
Jl rO<l Uc..'\~
wtJmt.•r 1h111
:::=more tnoaoey oa ,..bid•
,,,. h11 vr panks when a country
.f;l :l.llOII,OOil.IW o r wealt h iu a year, and paya out
lifJ(l.OOO iu -..·,.f:IX'!Ift
~;::r:~ :::~!b will
t U tolle miUioadol..nworth tlle-oceuldaotbeboaJht for!our
wu ta:1: fr~. E•'Ml llle )ow t i ms lllat •mouot..
Kiu.• by tllo eMeMOn oa 11111h it doe ~&~~~a old atmy .t --.ki•r
REMEDY AS BAD AS DISEASE
l!ut~t o r Ollliting Sulu:r from th e
fl Onhi)' 111t~ l f' IHc.i mc 01 )'11 11 iu h i• pit~ •·•· lut..-c a lready r..:ad1ed t he
Tluo hill11 lilt'l.l 11huwinl( lbe
t•f ll!:?:il'.i,(KJU, w1th 11 mtm lwr
II i11 IO laugh.
to P•rl•-
Two wteke ago weeaJW eU.utioo to lb.. property • • th 1.&1: roliL
t he va•t ..., 01u1t of ..ut.t.aud propeny,
Wo &HI catbg tile figure ol
oweed by t loe C.tllolic Ch rdi io tile _ . u a bub of tll• T&luo ol
1'irie ity d lhi • • od J d'e recn.,sr.rent, ~ .... bet •ll.fo.. wllo ~
1U.ti.llr t.llat it • • • admitted by til• tbiog of tbe propertin, aadent&adll
:-·~t t o IN.· "11dju~tOO ."
•
o-wud by tho Catllolit poor pa.y tH b lU.
Tweotieta Ward iprN
Tb.o Catllollc ClloR;Il 11 t.lle
ti,261S,&50. P rope11.y ownd by p.~litiul IAUituUea lo llli.t
otlleT reli giou a dePCmliutiooa i• IJI&I"M ao dort to lla.-e
...u;ounlll t• U5!,(HO.
ol&ee wh will - lo it
over a millieo&JJd•Wf pe...ed tU.t wl.Uiater:fere ·
!•toJ•eny ia o•11 ..ard.
terial wolfe" The el«~
Want
OTer JWliOD U:atand u refulto appoillt
Pfopertr.
ealiber &lid .. a reRit tllat j~rt;.,u~~ 1,,.,..,
dtiEI!III of tile Siztll Ward aliO .. the rklleat 1-.titatieo ill
ll crc.twl• iun•t•Oil thc11idt• o r t ht.' Jlr11M:Ill atl ministration II
1rn.•n wl10 duu·xc th•· ll'lnh• ~tll'h IUJ I'Xorl oittm t liUIII for tltcir
it
Hjlllll 14) f{r1lfl, IIJid thl!'lf! ume men t:a\llll.'d S uUer
grnf t in" IJt.' ("r•· ht• hHJk the offiee.
l.ouk /JW• r til t• ft'('-l;l·lmrgo -<1 hy tlw hi11')" 1.'Mi in theea!K'
111•1f
1t i11 a:rnft or IH.ol. Th ... IWIUUuUi to be:
i
in t•l•nrK•· of ,,,,."" "'' llfllliu:~t Sult.t·r nr•• "" rollnwH:
~: ~~~~~:Jol!:l:~;:~:;~::• •·ery bea••ily towarda tbe Ia· S.methaea t.hat ebartb alia.-,
f l.'i/HHJ: .l u!llJ B. !-{furwlilio•ltl. -.,l:'dii'HI~ ~\h on H.
k~
wllleh alloat palrioti1111 and ontlide lte fold to bold oiBee, but
tllat .. ppe111lt b eartful to J•laee
J,.ndllr•' ./ . 1\ r••ll••l. 4-1.r.flll: Eu ~o· n t· L. l H<•h11 rd11, *7,,
td . ~.ouo.
tu: rolla ahow t llat tbe "right " ..,..,, 011 th job, aad.
*
au
wl1elhcr
'
-r...
t'utHJci l (flr l'lulr.••r rct~·iw.,. lh•·~· 1 u 1
,'11111 , Luui11 ~!ltrlihllll. !f' lO /tiH I: ll lln'o•y ll .
Fu :o~. fti.WO; HoJll.'f 1'. Clnrk. :j=;?_;,(MI ; Charl('ll
*WO.tiOO for lnwyo•n; r, - ,.~~ ~" f11 r. 11111! tlw
are not I
Cllli••r IHII',\'•• f'1111f" iu olll rl..- l•uluiu·o· w l1 i•· h htk t7! in th e $2=1!>, 000.
• If thi• i11n't 1-(ruft , v.'ll"- ' - "- ' - --
11 '11 u l'ff,\' roll I'll
~.~· ~ I• • Ju
of lo'll'i••l)' ul !will II
' " n< 'n• J•II'II!iril.l o f JU tl•tla·r. ltut it'.,.,. tnu~t hill'{'
lilt' rllro 'l! l io n ,. ( th o• o·lt ,•· u l"l h•iul~ . lluJ.,.rl ll m ltt•r
t h·· ••run1!t~ frum ll w lmnqu_··_
I _w _lJJt_·._ __
STAND UP STRAIGHT
c~;~;~o~r~~~~-:!ll:~u.01~~~ ~~~~~;;!;;:;
tent of tazee, w!Lile all tbo
denollliaat io utoot 11 ptotl31,000,
a total of o•·er fl,OOO,OOO •orlll
on whiell tile t itinne mutt
th ey pay th ei r tazoa.
Wa rd take. ia tb e di1triel
11 Mala b4. t"'~" Eagle aad
I
<I ruoa to 3-lielligaa, aad to
Ueao etl. · Some of tbe big
o•ne<l by the Catholie
tllo St. Pra ne\1 Aaylu111 1 St.
and .cboola!Hl...tbe old
, .-llieb .-bell told will
I Diet prollt. Tbe St.
QET AT THE OAU8E
q,~. t• r imo:> llll< i')! ruft 81't'tu t o
ll f l&~~tt<.
-
be running r iot a ll <l\'er this
~~;~;~~~t:t~s: 11 =i:1 'n~~["d:t~.r~~~'th~'":,~~i~'"';;
iOmotigoti"" I tA••
wl1id• im Jllit•nt~ t hoilt't w ho h~t.- e been tnuded with all'&~rs o r state.
.
lln si n~ mttt turnht~; aU kinds or trkb to t".b f'at people out or t h e1r
mon~,r.
·
.
1'ht• uho.hwtion ar ·'·nnn j: girhl: tot.. n~d M whlte "'bwea.
;\l urd••r
ni:' imlh·iduat b;\· nnathu in o.rder to earry out Mime
•ln' llll' In tt n niu tli'Si.MI t nd!l
\\' ht~lo"MII" mu f'll ~ r e1rri f'd m1 by ~'0\"'f':rmnt"nts to satisfy oomtn"'"" ll ::~~:_:~~-
,,r ..
~~hl> killffig ami cori ppling o r w orlrer5 t hi-oo.gh luk of pro} er
{\f'ttaUl KlilL
Tlw.w ~ tbt daily ha(!peniop
I~ Ut th;._. ~XI"I u .OOU of '"l!rythinE
w.'hicll fl U the «Mumns oCt.bt
eR
.\ ~!n l muil llf aot ttf onr cbil.,v pap!!nl tOOk ul! l~.e
Rnt l otij.."t' ·••itll t hi• kind o.f new.. e~r)' articlt- beanng
t-ria-..,
It
lf'fiDU
thai t-l"t!r~'Wht>n" ~pie are
~~ ;~;::1~~u~!:::~~~r~:~~ lirtt~~to ~,;d;~~-ibe ;~;;;;.c-,.,-.n: I~l
\\'ate:" t•li' n-I!Qw wbo d rh'e:s an
a~.tto
::~w.~-~~~~!h~';~=t:~i:! ::\!.i~= DO ,;·~.!~·~~~,~~~
{~
""' "'iiiUrairt bl.a
11ttkloolting
rw the (e.UM'~
tMt taUJii' lw- Ienon t}lat t~ it onJs GDt ...,- make
tht !.ti ~~ ~l the tauft.. H~ d\181101 tW, a
il 0r' '""' tu.l!il:-. n~ miltbl eaU it IGJDt' ·D&D8, ~
~ W.t .-it-' t-'•'
he df!IW: 111nly will
1"1€-'t. abd
jWrl~= :i~!:J!
f!l!itd btfart it
.-ru
-hi•
::e~~ ~Ce~:!t
l't!nl ~
wt!r~=~~~~,o;;
:.:::~.::::,::~~=~==~~
Y• ..to -.. pN~pk: wboa:a Y'Jil • • • are J-cl
a.w~ Utt~ n f t tlwir Meek oft ~ ~ pall. tt.t i&
~hb ~ OOi:ridnl_. U. . -. rieM•~~UDDU ..
• ; t.tW:-t
~
iot _,. t;V ~ .... a! u.
n..~
UMti-ridual'sctiM.
a
tor ~ ..-Wt~ ..-.ila.u...._tac'ef;rpMple
dllla.tt m. •-. w..t-~ .
w·.. ~lht•3""1~...
'
;:';: t~e ::i~;~u
Coale oat ot yow- traaee, fellow
uu,,.-bileyou tr.aYe time toMVe
qJvea from ~-thia tombi .. troll of
tallaU who are uslag lhla
robbiagyoa •ad fooliog
ooly tbe dollan~w•lebrou
wbletr. they do not JI&Y Ia
it J>erv•du tllel"llole f•brie or
wllieb i1 llooeyeo111bed with IU
1tltlo111 aad fal-.. teaehlog• IDd
keep. mra from tlllnklog. l or
le l ve~~, aad pre.·eat1 them from
iogto malie tllil a .-orlol io
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-02-14
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-02-14
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n089_19140214
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n089
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
2000 Men Locked Out
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9b3b4ae7e89690d4cb5a4dfc00d622dc.pdf
d5c921466a8559ffee2b7dbae4616a6e
PDF Text
Text
I.OOCATTHI!-0::.
YOUit ADDUSS I.Aia
lP l l" lS
89
YOOR SOIISCRII"J''I B.
PI1UIS NUT~
Fttb. 22nd_
�take t llem to ('0\lrt may lllta" •tarva·
tioD for .omeone deprh·ed of tile
Jlf!Dnif'l wb leb t.btl1 gatber during <h• l •o.•Digbt.
Deterualned t oatleutbriDg tbe aitu·
ation t o lilt! a ttn tion of t he autlloritie~, t he reprue11tati.-e of Tho R u!·
'"••"
FORCED: TO. V!G-aTE
·30 DAYs·
WITHIN
BIG CASH BONUS PAID FOR LEASE
N0W
SHARED WITH OUR BUFFALO CUSTO~
I am pa.rtinr with this store with deep rept, b it bas l'fO"CD to be c:mc of the
the l:qpst succ:a:~rs in my chain of outk:ts. But oo accoua.t of ilJDca ao6 the dis-taocc. &om New. York bCadquarten ·it il inadrisabk for me to CDDtia_uc ~ 1 am.I
u:oabk to riTe it tbr: attentioo it must baTe. I am, bownu, prcparinc for the future
.
"* of ... thousaod. of Bolblo
. ...........
.
·ENTIRE STOCK OF GE~RG'E:S
MODEL C1.0THES FOR MEN AND
YOUNG ~EN MQST BE. CLQSED
OUT WITHOUT REGARD TO_
COST OR LOSS I
\
Never before In the history d my sa bic atora have such reductions been made. Nothln&' reMrved. All thJa IC&IOO'I suita
~d overc:oat>, fur .ooat>, dress clothes, wolk1nr and Prina Albert au!ts,
ralnooat>, trousers, etc., and In addition my new "14 Ss>rinc models In two and three-pice< suits and top coats"(.all aiul) arc thrown In
at prloea that do not oover oo.t to m&l!_ufaoture.
THESE REQUCTIO.N S HAVE BEEN .MADE
KENYON OVERCOATs ·
(WATERPROOFED) •us andrt18 valuea.
Combinadoo Dr<Saand Slorm Coats. Plain and blanked
back Velours, Tweeds, Casslmaa, etc- Medium and
heavyweights. All have the "K<nrei&n" tradcmark-NOW.
5
$
$12.00 AIID $13.50 $15.00 AND $16.50 I SIUl AND $20.00 $22.50 Alii $25.11
Suits and
Suits and
Suits and
Suits and
Overcoats
Overcoats
Overcoats
Overcoats
sa.se $10 .$12
SJ-58
And so oo up, I!> stq>o-d ooe dollar, to the-hlcbat crade silk lined Sub,
eenuln< Mon~ Overcoats (outer edeeo and podzta vdvet piped),
Elysian UJst.n, Donegal Tweed Balmacuna - moot •
luzurloua prment>, orlglnally marked at $40, $45, $50. .
and $55, NOW
BUFFALO SHOE
CO~
SENE CA AND EL..L..ICOT'T STS.
.Men's Work Shoes
$2to $4
RAIN COATS
Iovest N 0 W for the
raiay a:pring ~~eason.
Bvery- coat guaranteed.
IUOe.od • .oo~ ' rorcec~
.- ~·~---··:.......ta.ao
~-~~--··------·~- N.50
f,J.I.IIO,fJ8 •ad$101f11d•.
lmock School Shoes, size
l to 5
95Cents
CODPU
MEl ! n.Coupoaroodlo. SOc.
Y e WUillrou lo tty a pdr of thoK
~==-tod.eBuf-
taio 8U. 0:1. befon M.ll reh
l&t &Dd It Will be ~......IDO
at
ro oeatt ID mouer oo M:l .-lr
:~-~-~~- _......17.ISO
~a-.,;.;
o!,~.~~~::=
•
•
•
.
• - ••
25
TROUSERS
•t.ao
12.51 liOOSIIS
13.111
13.51
14.•
t:z.ao
t3.oo
~.51&15 ..
'SUSJ "
SUS! "
M.oo
ta.oo
.2.00
.a.~
./ILL S.IILE~ ABSOLUTELYFINAL
NO C. O. D.'S
- ~ '!!!..!!!fUNDS
.NO E."IC(:HANGES .
3~7 M-ain
Stre}e t
. Tw.o._DoOrs From lr«MMuol'a Hotel
oiBod!&lo~ for dNJil'OI'~tll.,
• .bO. U .•·O. t5.,00 01' te.OO. ODe
-Pfiii i.O tbllplltr .
Noc rood atw K.teb ~ ltlt.
•
~LTERATIONS FREE
f10.tltaD4~-
500 pair Boys· all solid hard
•
'.
ALSO ~TORE& AT
.- ...NEW YORX.:!...(Two)- 42
PBtLAD!ILPIDA
.15th llDd Cbeabsa.t
W~t 34-ih Strut a.ad a t 86~b, ~oroer ¥roadway
BOSTON •
884. Waabia~
PROVIDBNeB
869 ·w~t:aaidatcr
�FtaeF.-•
-
.........~-... -
PIIN •U uof0mt'4HaU
·-IT. . . . .
NlT1ID !IOa'AU5T CllA"JJOt AND At1"''B:a
:YJ:r-.o:; ,,;;;;:
- - . . Cll>olTJ """ ......
-~
-'ll~kat
.. ll<iiLLER'S HARMONIA HALL
Goo6~··
lW~St:r.L-- . . . . .
.Auaplc:. .
.
· ux:Ar_ BUFFAI.O, SOCIALIS'I' PARTY
AIMIUIOI 15 CEIITI
•• ltlli'EI IEAU
Don't Buy
any shoes until you have looked over our
line. THERE'S A REASON I
ffJ
$4.00b
P.:taces
$2.00~0
THIS WILL INTEREST YOU
On and alter FEBRUARY lOth out
store will close at 6 P . M., Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
evenings.
.
OPEN MONDAYS UNTIL 9 P. M.
SATURDAYS 11 P. M.
56 Seneca Street
Up Stalre
JOHN A. COUGHLIN,~:::;:;•
Sft YAL~~!';.~;_Ccw· &!W,
•tu.OX~O
11Ua
.......... "
. . . . ..
.. a OlUlAl..IIUl
1
l . . tlkL
Charles Baumann
Rev. John W. Ross ·
---
SUMDlY, fURU&IY I , 7.,15 P.M.
" "*-"'• s...-a.~o...,.,- c...-.
T ... So.
l l lfU' NUifRIIU . . .I,Dolo•oro A._
...... ~.s..
Baoarian Hall
MERCHAr~Y TAILOR JOHN U~VERZART
/,IllS
.l•••u• o!#w.t.
S•mplt '1/,Hm
??6 Sycamore St.. cor. Reed
.t.amva on.a.
HI aao>..Dw.t.T.
DWUNIOI"otU.
.lo11o Ro1klo ••.• • . , . . , ..•. . . le
c..adi. . Ciob ..•. • •.• ••. .•. . ac.
LII'H11ut••• .. .. .. . . ....... .k
l'rloklha •.• •• ••. . , ,, , ,, . . , . , ,k
Elllo• l d• •• •.. ..... ..• •..• •k
•u•Mt• .......... ... .... ... ~.c
B.,.1o(Ualoa lhda), ....... lif
;1:~~~·-~::::,~ut~·.~.~i::l~>: ::=
&Ani <J•oro (Ualoa
M...t.~.10e
J:l~:~~·~~~·~~i:~'~J.L;eo.
JllaU OrC.a
~
DaUnrot.
The 01111 Germao ae"PI'PI"' Ia lhe ai.&WI ouulde or New York OU:r, rep,._
MIDilD(
I he lnteree' or lbo Work\n1 OI&M. - 60 c:toW for 8 moalba,
Office. 31~ 17 Genesee Street
- - Buffalo, N.Y.
INDIVIDUAL LINE TELEPHONE SijYICE
A line to the Telephone Central Oflla lor
your adwive use; a telephone that you can
we at any time withi.ut tile delays that occaslonally arise .wh<n yoU share your line
with others ; a clear track for all meuacea
cominc to you - that Ia Jndivldual Um
Telephone Scz:vice.
.
And the cost is only a lew cents • day a>OK
than you now pay lor ulcphone aervla whkh
you share with othen .., a Party-Une.
Why aat lu.YC _. ladlriNII U,. T~
lo y-bom.&I.Dil~ol._._ ,
__
Soeialist Ne~ Depot
Dally
.,....
Soclallat Pa-.
--
l td!- ~_,~
u.._~
Tni&Story iif the Constitution
�~-.ma..TIJ'f'Tlm
_,
BUI'I'ALO soaALIST PUIILISHING coMPANY
60W05 ~I.&...,
BUPPALO, N.Y.
PIU.Jat~T-
IIAJtT1It.-.a,.......
~ --T~~Lif.~ y, p~~~~
~ Plb SUIO
~-~mdlr
I * ?Uto 5lk lll:t.
~,_,.a~~~. ID. . . . _
~·
J-5,
J9J2..tlbtpc~~a&batBc.flala.,N-Yori:.
--·ado1Mud:.3, JS19
It i11 nmm•ing ro nor,-. the o' BS<! with
speak s uf S]'l<'mling aLout $25.000 to $35.1100
Kl\other inn!s tigHtion of the ~ns comptmy.
fa1·or tiH· gns t>ompu11y. but if it is rwct>ll!!nry to
fl.utliug out how umch the l'ity owo·s th!' company
pAy tht' bill nnd be d oue with it. or better 1till
with the money.
·
•
The IOoCII\Ied buaincssmt"n of tllis city are e it he r an ~)'
boobs Or 11n a r tful Kilt o f bunco men. or they would rise up
this looting of the city trcmmry.
The fact of tht: m11ttcr i11 that a frw men at the head
bank• and public sc r \' io•,. eorpnrations with one o r two "leading
~·t•uMI'' 1!1111 put o1·cr llll."thiu~: th<'Y t>llll llflUeer.e dollal"ll out of.
11
1
t
i
Puhlio· Scn·i••t• Coml!li1111ion must. make a show.
tufty~~ ,~:.~:~s 1 ,~; ~:~~~nc:~~ ~ 1.~~~~ ~~~~~~~;~ t:~~tt:l~·~ 1\n\~c~t :~~~'(o>;;,
lh·~ ult: The cit\· hnrrow~ ~2i'd)00 from the hankers, the b&nk-1 '"""'""•
~·n r1·t>••i1·e inkrt"~<l ot; it. tlw Jnwyo·tll go:t til e mone~· for_;n:~t;goHng,
thf' 1-('KM o·mupnll~-·H l•ill ill pnid just n~ t.houl[h nothing
nnd th(' M11yor nml l''ublie ::-t·n·ic,.. CommiAAion are
I
~k•o·ll
for "]•cnJillg tl• e rity'" tnOiu:y without
results.
natiollalotlieerea<lilyagreetl.
SOMETHING MUST BE DONE
'i\' ,, bal"t> l.wnrll _tlmt r ..c.•ntly ~~"' _h .. nd of the ll cnlth D t·p artmcnt
nrult·rt.onk to tn•"t•ilt tlo('IITI· .the .' ·t·ntllntlOll of tht· ~tret'l CRt:~ o_f the l u·
h · runtl<Hitd }{ntlway . ll IJ< llll~<lthnt lw a~tunlly t0<1k K lf iJ) m one of
tho' •"II I'll inordl•r to lt•a rn furllims•·lf:
w,. 11t1• JrlKii !hill l~o· rctnrurd uhn· nnd wo:ll.
Tlu,. poor inno•·o·lll do('tor h11s ht:o•n eritit·ltt•J tu such un extent
·> n th•: ' '!'lllilntiou of tho· ~ tr.,t· t t'llt:~ that he deciolo>_J to t reat the lt_t·
l•·rnattotml r•·nlnnuJ:ht~·. liO whnt •ltd lw d.o but f,:'O rt ght clown to thetr
olli t: <' :lllol gl"l "n·nl infor n1ntiou'' for lnm~elf. Th e offic ialn of th!'
<:tllnpnuy WH•· only ttHl willing t_o two•nmodnt., th e doctor illttl ordered
". SJ"''''"! t:tt r wit_h ··r•·HI'' l'!'llttlah>_rM in it _tnkt• him ove r tht• lines.
!-,l'l't.l'thm ~: wn~ tu;ed f'TOI'<'rly for ht~ r t·t·o·pHon. l!.!lc\ you may he sure
thnt that <'lit Wtt~ not ;>n·rt·ruwdc•l.
. .
Ctf t•O\ll"!'t' ltlli IJJ•lniOll of th t• I'I'Illt!Ktton of the lllrl'et CHMI WRS
ful'u~:~,:~\~:~ ~~~~r~:~t'~~.!'~:;;~~ot~ -~}' 1 ;\,!' . ~~~·c~ltl~•:r~i~~ 1thiM c ity
has
I!
dif-
fo•ro·nt opi n 1~11 . ('rowdintt '"'''.r onf' h_umlreol_ri"'ple into one of thcs"
]"lf•rly l't'll rll!l!o·.d o•tt!!l.• <"IIIli •~ 11 •·rtrnt• ~gH m&t the deceu~y of the
pt·op!t· _or ~hill •·•.ty . .\l •·n.nud wumcu nrc Jammed .together 111 a fa_sh~o n wh rl'h tS 11 du•!!tllo"l'. fulk ~hmll NOnti' of the mode'tn diU1ces be!ng
llllll~<1d.,st. wh.1· whtll hnpptns 111 n crowded s treet c11r hAs anytlnng
thut !I oiR!ll'O' hall.'•l'l' r product•tl dw11ted II thou_11and .time!P.'
'
l'ond
1i~·:::~L~,:.1.1 ';e'~ri.;~~· ~:~r:i~:::~ ~~~~'\?c~fa~~~~~~~~e~~:eS:tl~1 ~~f~ !~~~
otho•u fucl'll And mlud•· 1·11•·h otlwr s bN!aths.
UanJk_erehtefs
0:
11
Mi~·h .. ,..; •.,,J hi• Jorot ut, but J 11 auary
the b~"'' of tbe ~ reo lit deroa rtment, a
:'tlr. f'rO'n Qb, .,.,.url'<l :O.Ir•. Winnie Brantl<~lter, uatiunalwumnn'•eo rfftpondut
tbat the
... u reR•i" ani! that it ~out.J be
at one<', ·b-tf to Cotoraolo and
Michil:an. lfrl. Brauteuer 110
li••l tbe Mt rike autboritie& in the
o\iatrirtl.
··on th e o!ay foll .,... inl!' llr. Fl'1!lltll
ralll!d ntt 011 the ttlepbone, and told
me tbat .,.,.,. 11.., of the 1,.e... ure in
Tfan~O<' k i!iwtrlrt thu wolltd be
of tb o So.:lali1t ttaMy
~:~::~~~.:~nrel
tbe
~r<h>r,'"
aai.J
"The reuon ~J•·en wu that
~oul. l not do a rr!.llil bllaln-.
wu ob•·ioutly an ea-eu•e. •• it
been lffree-d tbat tbe good•
to be rt~t•iled. So ye.trr<lay 1
reporter ot tbe Day Book, a
1
~~~~~:':m:;, ;,~.~o;,~~=~ ;.~. ~:
~re MIAnee:
llirll·d in t hl' foulttlt. R_nd th e t~:m~er of th e- passengers l8 at fijthtmg
heat through th., unai'Oidabk g~mdtng o f h:els on 1~ belongmg to
otht•r thRn th.-ir ow!" . Thtl mcu~al a nd Jlhystca_l cond1bon of a person
aftt•r K Hltt•ct <'llt trl]• IS O l't' tytl~mg but ~ougemal:
.
It take ~ a ~tomach of cast tro n to w u hstand 1t and tf the head o f
:~:a~~~s 0!r!l~tlr~'::, ~~~~~!¥. ~ i~i~e~~·eh ~h:"~~rhfr!.:etb~i~;:~bat
th c foul11ir .
.
1 hert' ill onh· one n •med'" for the evil! wh ieh eonfront t he people
011 the Htrt·cl
fltlt'lltin n- ihe people nlUSt. OWD them IUld run them
forth(' benefit aut! uHe of the pllX&t'ngen inalead of t he profit of a few
b11uker11and lawyer~~.
ur
,.. ~:~·'<1;;:1~:~!:1 ~~:.:'
, 'Our agent 111 Mio:llipD bu
111 th•t lbeT1! il • •traffgle in the
11tet distrlet wbi~h bu
1nerehanta, aDtl that if w 1 wiab
t be bu•ine• in that dlrtrlet • e
1
got to keep Our baDda d.''
I t'IDU
lJJU\11
It ilu 110.,.
HOW •JO YOTI
beeo~Ue a ba.blt •lth
_, __
1••• •~--•-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-02-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-02-07
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n088_19140207
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n088
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/33959748d6c0091bed250e22919614fe.pdf
7202130523039ced7eced080904324a2
PDF Text
Text
J.OOitATTHa-C.
YOUR AlliiRJIS LA8II.
IP IT IS
, 88
YOUR suasatiPT10H llt.
PIUS I'IIXT Yl!ll[
VoLD
.dU·D.G. E HAR·T ZELL : W:.H ITEWASHJ·NG
~
'
~
'
liWS
Har·m onia Han 8101da~ Ev~g, Feb. :22nd
�Get J'ODf UebU . . .
~Mdl•a or•:ro- .... 't be
iDtotlileb:a(,l ()..;aa:
ottbt~ltteeto
Your 1"bio11 b dukued
·nrtpeC'trai.U.Jlflt.
to holcl.&p&LI-..ti., oa
IDS llt _tke S.wood ll'l;ltio .
Tbat point with ueualna hua.
--...beta fonfti to ~~~n~re
on...e.n d ren you•.... killed,
~all. Tlla bll w~it:k hu
The ..W. you''l'e ••llied, •
, for t llh a«llliOD II .New.
I Troop)'1 Ill 11 &hutly bud.
~
U.ll,2&40eMMeStreet.
Tllb hall ll"" eeatT&llf louted
Youmiat iJO lorhul"fb
...n,. re•obed br all ear Uoea.
Auot
1our tith~,
fut IUid .. t bll'
We how tb,at "' til but 11 foil
_,about alteeu
h&,· ed«idod to
Wberatbe
Arad rour drlul.
of tkltett h~bei!D-oldlt
bthe••Mtoftoil
. •... p.,-
Ji••
~~\=1~~0::
::,m
-· -by--
Williiu.J, P.· Barnara:
National
Uctur..r and
Debater !
.at CONLEY'S CONsERV.ATORY,\650 Main Strut
" 1at
Subject f'or Sundar. ·Even.ln., Feb.
"ci.IJUS AND -~RIMINALS"
-. MUSIC AND SOLO -
11
-
AC~ IRA~ fOR lOU~ MESSArl
lnclivid.W Line T depbon<! ServlU from a
clur tradqfor all telepbone mcaaagcs io and
from your homo.
It is at your servia: w~ you are ~
to )all<. It -enabla anyone who desln;s to ·
zuch you to obtaln a conn<ct1oo without the
delay that is occuionally apericnc<d when
t ' - is nwe than one porty on the flnc.
ladlri:lual l...bSerriceallt oaiy akw caatt
- •dt,. ~ Putr ,Linc Sc:rvb. too.
Why not ask our Commerdal Ofllce ·
about "'ear Track" t<lepbcnc service
for~home?
New York
Telephone Co.
Tdoobooe 11oiJc1mc
O.u«h at Fnnklin ~
BULLETT'S ·SHOES.
Union Mlide
HAVE A REPUTATION
c.,,..,,,..,...Oit Ct•''"·
.r_...._....,.,,.
;.,.n.,.,
THEIE'S A IEAIOI
,"'~ s-,
•..,.c..,~...·,c•..rt-
~ ·967
CliARANCE SALE
w
1.- -
11!4Kt.....
~oeuou,
heraee r reat
pren\laDdlfyoo.~n~lu
_ . t ot wint.l'r rwd' t hb b your
oppartooky.
.,
ltl .llO Sv.IU and Or er·
-"
- ·
...
IJUO&o"$188n1A aod
po.oo
Wi"tb our mormoa. oat.
put, combined · with oar.
BROADWAY
s.IA aod 0'1'er-
-w •
.
•..:. ~ aDd O'l'llr·
u....._,.,
8 we&tf!:r. ete. , al
-aa&ll1 ndoeed nllll l
Made <X real
' Leather •
The ldncl
cb~ap
a pe:taira
rcat, we an: in a
poaition 'to
' -val'ae. that can.
not lx duplicated
e!Kwbere. -
�FAST COLOR
HOOKS AND EYELETS
bun~b
111~1
:;,~I ;~~:·•:!~~~·,,~~ 0~' ~~it:.:~~ ~:; !:
:·;·:·:.: ~::/!~;:;. ~:...~\:~~~~~~~~;~~~~~~~~: ::~~.E~;. ,~~=:~:;~~:; ,~:~:~:~:;~~
... are .,.,,....,.,,.,, to
..
at \'en·
ftnd prJ!jodieoeto f orn ber tooiHlyatul
r~main 11'ithiD lbfl O'it <'ling f'Out rol of
l~rJ:I.IIar 11•<'1'1in~:• uf th" ' 'Y""""' wol! hi~ orill. T he prno.•ot Julrn.ge moni-
:r
..
::,~·il~l ;,'~:·::~~~~= :,"~.!01>11~:~ .;~:;;, I:::::,~':,..':~:o 1 0 ,,;~~~:=~~~· ~~;lo ~::,~
floor ),,..,,~,
--=~~=::_:.=.;.:.;__ l ;':;':h;irtl
dl)a oleyaveuoe.
•
of <.ir.,f'N'<!
""""' !""'he
allayed, btll mUll rontinue till,
,.,,.,..,,.. .,.! kofli(,.antl in all t he
io imjHittaot that ,.,.,.,,,. n<emb~• Hf'lol~ .,(male acth·lty, '11'01'11111 b11~ "'111&'1
the unt mf'<'tLIIi:· T he re•·i,.e-1 •·••~• ....lall.\lulrit y, wit lt. m&ll.
••hli>lt'tl.
" '11 thr l1a llot with all that it i
~Q•I d<!JJI&rulln! tbat ~~~ Cl<'rupy
" Ia l'qll~lilf with mu,
wilb t'OIIIIdeor<' to
WAT~~TIGHT
GirO•cE•rle:i!l-fl•y·i••• wlll ~
JOHN A. COUGHUN,
5" WALDEN AVE, Cor.
IS.a.U•.,.
th,. ".,omnoitt....
rLerte<l to
t ake
tar~
eau,.OJli'ORDTI~~,....,~OU..U. SIUl :~;n:;:;~• 1t:a:~~: ::.~. blgl(tr aaol
. . . . . . . . .......... • . .... titcl.
.....,_-PATENTED
SOLE SEAM
,.,., .
.-:~::::~;::,':,::e.:~~~T~:~~~~"l;~L~
lCharles Baumann '" "· ~..~
MERCHANT TAILOR
-----------11
AR.BESMAN, WholaakManufactUf'U, 37 Se.ncc.a Strut, purcbased · at 15 c.r:nts on the doliat
DOW
on :ulc a t las than the coct
-~f JDanufact~
Tbe _King Outfitters
' 10&-110 DCA ST.
GBHBLES EDWHBD RUSSELL
NOTED SOClAUST ORATOR AND AuntoR
lVIII
•JM~ak
at:
~ ~ILLER:s HAR¥0NI-~
HALL
LOCAL BUFFALO, SOCIALIST ~ARTY
AI.JIIIOI I& CElli
IIHIOYO
�~~mr
~..al.Tin"Tia:
BtJFFALO SOCIALIST P!liii.ISHING COMPANY
a-Wl '
.
BUPPALO.N.Y.
..._llllll.t~BaUDr
IUaTllf 1G1SSLD. , . _
HDatT TVTTHILL, . _ _ , . '
Jr1tAJia ~T-o.
W. P. CATTWI.l... . . . . . .
U....6CM-605M.Itut.JU.Bcolldtac
~
Prb S1.00p.yeu,5Ck
Blii'FAIAN.Y.
pa,-.W. man. . .
a~
~·
~aa~malta")-5,19J2.attt.s-oHaatlkdlaiD.NewYort.
aadcrtl.adolMudll.JI~
SATURDAY. JANUARY 31, IJI4
A STRIKE WON
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-01-31
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-01-31
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n087_19140131
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n087
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Judge Hartzell Whitewashing
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1cf59297c6b656f584783f54aa880a71.pdf
c7795a3d2956182cd61a9ea8172ba4ac
PDF Text
Text
. ,,
LOOitATTHa~C.
=~~~~.:~ :
YOUR ADDRI!SS LAIII!L
IP IT IS
. ;~ •
WBDNIISQAY TO.
.
.
~
' 87
YOUR SUIISaUPTIOfl J!lt..
PIIU!S NEXT 1VUJt
SATUIIDAY
~
"
, VoL D No. 16
s·A~~VATJON.
~
•
~
•,
•
,
j
AR·IVI·v · HO.M E EXPOSE.D
,
I
,
FOBMER.INMATf nllS
. Of COllAGE' SlREU
r
�cf,....._
T...,..._
, _ Ia ~In tbcwhen .,... uoe lnllhtM1 u...
. Scrvb. Obo Lll!e. C<IDII<CIIac ,.....ldq>boat
. to tbc Ocnldl bi&c, Ia
""*""" .. ,.....
• acluaM:uoo.
•
Th. - Ia opecdy, -~ ...s·~
- able. h aflordo a IUI'C• IIIWII o f - .
· cation at aD - .
•
It allows tne~~qCS. to cOm. to you at - .
lim< without bdac bcld up bcoauoc ·other ""':!Y Is uslnc tlic llnO.
.
F o r the f o llo,vlnK
A4 -
1. The y ue t;nlou ll.ade aud
....... _
c.-..diJ Olb'
-·~...,.
~~~~~~~:~::~!d T~~n~=~~y
::~~~~~._.,u::~p:.:tt!~ q':;~~~~ll
,., ·5
." .;·
....-.. v-u-.-.a~urrn--
prl~-- Try apa.cluge to-day.
Oompel
be doet
yo•~r
duler tu keepth11111
oo~do ao,
byNklng
for 6lh A v11.
C11•reue•.
I. B. KRIN SKY
MAN U t ' AOTUit<
207 North 41b St., Brooldy?, N .
®
New York
'
Telep~one Co.·
' Tdcpboo< Boildioa-
It's E~betc.
' Cb<n<h & F....Jdm SbuU.
Allltat. and •ubeorlbe
the
llrfJettet•Eettuno.
.Theo.&q~~U.._...-...._,~..;T_.OIIJ,,.,...
-&I.Df\bltba-..oftMWadlqCI-.-IOCIIMitwl . . . .
S15-3J7 Gcocoo0 Stnot • • Ballalo, N.Y.
BULLETT.'S SHOES
Unlo,; Made
HAVE
A IIEPUT~TION
TIEIE'I I
1~1
• With oa.r eftOnD008 out.
put, combiaed witJJ oar
: eJxap apetaira
rmt. wt: an in a
poeitioo to gin
yala~
that caa.-
not be daplicatc:d
do<wi>H<.
�l-
I
~,••,~~~~~nt .""l f PEtPLE'S ·ffUCATIONALIEACUE
Ctctul'ts tOtfP Sundi19 €otning ill ].45
--: - - b y - -
Wil~iam
F. Barnard
N~tlon&l Lecturer and Debater
at CONLEY'S CONSERVATORY, 650 Main Strut
Subject for Sunday Eve.:Wing, .Jan. 25th
"The Rebellion ofW~man' ~
_./
- - M U S I C AND S O L O - -
~~~P~keCHANcE
'
rUiu,"I . .aD .aoox•
12710.-~
.
.R•k ,.,
Caplors.1ct Cl'tilm
,. .,, ........
'FT•~,
,.,
�HKRRT
-....am, TY.P. CATT"G.L., - .. ..
TVTTHil.L.,.........,
llAit'nl'f
~
l'lt.u.:
...__
........_ ~ -...u 1..11. BuiWiac
~
~
BUI'P.\14 N. Y. ...
PTb SI.OOper yat, SO.: *IDC:IIIb. ,..,.w- I D . _
.
~·
.. ~_.,)uM S.I,lZ.atttr. pOil olflo:. .at!luHUD,NnrYort.
....S.It.utoi M.tri:b l. ll ,
~====S=A=TURD
==A=Y=.;,JANU
==AR
~Y=2=4,=1=91=4====~ I''"TI~h,';."~;ulf~;1 l~b:;: ~b=~0:la:,• ~ :!.~"~~:• e': =o~:ru:d,:;:~ l••••ooobau
THE 8LIOK ONES .
,\K note..! iu th~·IH' •·olunms 11. few w eek • ago the American
phone t"o•nplln~· kn~:w what it was doing when it
plctiHI' Prexid ent Wi lson an•l ann ounced that' the
Telegraph Com pany would be separated from the
·
It was too l'lllly. Sotnf'thing must he behind it.
Surt> e nough tht• mt•n behind that company
d oing anti wen· atlt•mptin g t o pu t o\·er 11. good
Thcr JWrm itt ed tlu· ta lk for the lfO\'Ctnment
grAph I"'tnpanit'll to bt• publi11heol in all the
tlw huul w ithout u n~· ~··tious k i ~k . nnd thi11 is
r eftHOII : A
h •m of t eletrntph inl{ h11~ hccn l'!dnl!lisht"d which i~t 110 much
L~tt c r tha n tl111t of tho- old com pa uies thAt the oltl
~;· ~:;.t~,:~l't~.tnl~~:~ ,!::~;.':~~~;!:::,r~~~~ o n ~· ;' ""-.
t went,\"-fiH'.
, . . :·: .
The point is caay.
- - --
Sow.-tiuu• wh('U you 11re 11hoard a lll ret't car with two or
lmndr('d o tht"n! cut a l"huuk. of lht foul~tir out 1md take it to tlte
bn t·h·riologist.
·
QEl'TINQ EXCITINQ
It nmst ht• thR t
writing on tho: wnll.
i~m throu~:hout tht·
Rto· at tlw Jw hu of
tht! Catholic Chnr~:h ill heginniu ~t to Ro'<' tht• 1
The rt..'<·(•lll nlln cks h,\' thRt t hurt·h Rl{nin"t '
IRwl ill loy no n>+'il llS hap tunnrd. a ll the ntt•u
th nt nrsw n i7.11tion nrf' th(' most I'Xpe ricnco•d
I it·inn~.
\'f•Ws)ln Jwr!l nr•· t·thJ>J•IIIII! UJ• 11ll un·r the o·ountry huck••d >
Ho1un11 l'ntholit' f'hnro·h for lllo· o !to• p uri •OSI' of I'Omhating
atr ow th u f t lw :'ut·iulillt uw\·o·u... nt. uno! to re~Hort• t<l it11
fnrnwr ""'tttl.,·n.t whn hn\'•· tin·ol of th•· rdi~:ious humbll!(' nn d !Itt· now
olo•\ ••I o ro~ th•·•r 1i:uo• ! •1 l•rinl.::!!ll.:: 111"' 111 u •·tu!•litiuu ''" o•,trt l, whio·!• will
•· ttii i,J ,. tho•uo,..·h·(·K u ttd tl o,.i r f••llow,. tu li•··· li ko· lmtnllll lu· ill,:t!l
l.o·•·luro:s 1>.1' prit·lll ~ •or ll u ,•- olol po•NOII w hn will t nk o· tl!t· plntform
f' r•·u~•··l
:.~~.,~:~~·\:, :~.:;~~~';:·f •:::,~:;~.::~::• 11,:·:::; 11~1~~~::·j,.~:111t1n1·~ ·~::.~;:;,~ :~ ~\','.'.~:;::,.~"
••
1
lbit dty. Jt. iafiDeDce II
, aaol thlt r-.ct II fully aptbt- iate""-tl wboM nit l ·
apo11 the deeeptio11 of tile
Tbe"piS.lithdotbeir
tbt volley ot such hi·
tndreP.rdthem•ttooltwit_b
form the OJ>iaioat' of the peoSocitlina ba\'e put & au111her
in lhi'IC! tooil by io1i1ti1111
, i""PUI tud mtgaxiatt~ det ide of tbt cl•u t truggle
tide by tide 011 tbl' •beh·ea
of tbe apolol!iltl for tbe
•r-tem- Pftutimee e bit·
bu ari~~ta oa tbit .crore
1 I i
t heir poiat, due totbe
of tbe J>Ublie for fr~ IJ!'I«h
prtu, tb~ •UPJifeNOr• of k"ao..leolfle
com,..,llt<J to adopt 11111' ttttiu,..
Hall'alo Library hu made liMit
to •u~h a ac-ht~ne. UsiAg the
dooated by the city for the
ofkn<lwiNgt"amoagtttbepeobt ve publitbed & bulletia of
to llk.-l'lare i118ull'alo duriac
'"'' I!H ~. ,\ •umbP:r of •ubjeet1
, and ,..;,h tbe 1iagle ex.-epuf liGtioiOJO' and f('tlnOmin, t ile
i~ \"""' f•ir.
11 ih. Browll, tlll~d tblt
HI tbtM II!C!!Ut~ wu
library from tbe ,-.,r.
.uoiModetletowbicb toD·
mo•etiu~a. A reJ>rtHntati•·e
::•·;~ •::·:-~.~~~~ :L•:."·:·i d•:;,~··,,:~;,'_l•::.~,:::~oil~:~ ,s;:::~'il1r11::;~·,:r~~~~:!•::,'rct/t~n
•••·•-•io...........
~~- tlllllller&elal iltlt
beea eble to mullet, i• oal,.draw I uowd tbrouglo the
which the tsodalittl. tbcmlf.h'H
btari11g Aha ra.vio, 11'htrtll a
l !>eaktr 1ouh u Charlet~
fill 'l<ill !II tbe lhoed.-ay
or Y u.ie lltli .-ith an
JIIY to ~~:et In auol t ~l'n '''"'~'"
1 So<-i~lilt u llf'd IIJ>OII to tbe eeDM.
111 J.Oint uul to him thai tbe
llr. 81"0WJI sl•!f'•l, in
I.
i
1,.h·.-r1i~ia~ 11 <'O UII>e of ]OI"f'. O,DOHtitlNof'a!' ot hia llall~ti u, thai
ol i nf
''"'"" lo•Oo•oo<,· '
.Tiut\ t lu~ ..ln1r•·h i11 tunro• of 11 i'"liticld JIISiillllion thun noli'o
o•nustJtnl l,\· ~huW it lo,\' , , ,. IH•li!it·al owti •·it io-s iu •·ity. !llltlo· nnd I
tho•r••futo• W•• lUttS! lr••lt\ it !11\lto• ftO!Il !hUt J'"irt t Of \'jo•W,
Tho·u . 11(1'niu. tho,. dllll"••h hus loilliuns nf olnllu~ ill\'t•sto•ol ill
t•T••t"•r\.1' thi'HIIJ.'hnul 1h1 ~ o•ll\l lllr~· . n••l o•nl~· in tlw lnuol nud I
,..,,.,,..,.1<-tl W! l h ib \';triuu,. ~11-l'llllo·ol ~ nrit if'!l. lout ill lho·
!It·~ ,,f o· xploili n ~ t h·· Wt>rli•·r~. Th1 ~ o·ltllto·h hn111111 ,.,., ,nomic
1"' '1"'\ Uiolin ~: lito• ""l'ituhst ~~·~• ·· rn
II L~ in ull tho·
t•rMiruoL" J.~· rh•· ··xpluit JI Iiflll ui' tho· ~tnrk o·~. tlwn•fu ro·
tn an.•· sys\o'tn whkh wi ll oll'ptil··· it ,f it~> •·n~.\' rnuno·y
Th•·nthi" ··hu ro·h hull tl1•· :tnolut·il.l ' I n pr>'lt"lhl to lot• t ht• ·
i~
tp6Ci!uUy wltb abri1ti111
wbiell · they trat wltb tbe ....,,
of iatellileace u allowa io their
lllnU e@&hut 8or:iali11111. Tbe
of llflbl hi tilt i«turetba llltthutloa lieto ia
tio11.1 oa teleaec.. We micht
here that 1001111 of the
tUu Ia" ,.._ world are
eoaaf.rtioa, bat t J.elr
bloloc:r, 1\"0iutioa, f'-le., are
IIIODk lled to the ''tloek" for ooo<•i•I::::::::~M
materlalistie'reuoaL
llr. BroW11 fouad it rather
e:a:plaia bow be b&i>pellll'd to
tbe Socitlitt view of
toOCloloc. Ue il
witb leetulft whicb are.
tlll.a city 111d kao•• f11ll well
S«ialUta 1111 tile biggNI
falo IVery wl•ter, 111d lbal
•Pf*kera, w~o, for 111.111 ia
f'l"""'llliAg tbelr 111bj~ct•
di.tiagulabed diguitariet
h teet, It il rat her
obaerve t~at '1be _ , Jpttker
~;~~~:::,;~:t ..~::t ~;=~ !•!b7,;:pa;:!~a •o;o,""~:~:!:. ,;o
llf' ""lied t he Li·
to tbt• follo 1dn~: U ·
.,, >r rio-. of lo•<'(UrCI hr 1pe11trr1
' •u•1•k.,~ of l'anitiua l"ollllj.,¥
. llro..,n A•lnlllltd Wfrl! &ll'AID~I
~II•'Diioo
•~rn,'' ··~:~.,nomi~
mu,..,, thai ll•~t""'.a lgaiu"
arl! ll<)t !•tOfG)IIttda, wbllr lf'rturt'~
\\"ttaol..rful. thr
tindioa w loi~b th,...r learneol mfn
t bl~ to d..w. 8ouudo liltr tb.,
j utlidal d~l•iou tbal the work1n
it Ill! ptolp&puola.
NM-inll!m." ' ''Chril·
,'~;;:tri:.~~::~·.:~~~:~~ Q:~t:!!
t;;..,d~rt::;: ;;~II,
1
at:tl t oun
: :: ::. ';...
dlMtrrlm r t""· uw l is w"rliinL" U!-'ni nst t hf' l"'nplo• wl tom it i~ llll ppOsP.<I and t:thio·•.'' ''The Soo· inl Que•ti11n end lor BerJ:rr, Augual Cloi!Meuo,
'" •lrorL"L"l•· for
tlo" Sttlt•. '' •·Th.. ~;,. 1 Quut ion and ot.Mn, the Soci&lifll of Buffalo
Tl:~:~·~~~~:~~~~~~·~~ l \t~~f';,l;;~;::l~~~~\r,'.'u::~~~~~li':,::!~_ur~~~ ;,;.~~~~~;~s
'"
i L.
s id•· tulk s "" '' l•r•·ukiu~.:: up th•· lu11nt' . .. .-tc .. hut onl~- to iuflue ut'e
Jl""i'l•· 1\J:'Iillllll Socinltsm
,\I tho· hottmn o f it ull i~ o·r·onom h· int f'r est. From the fJOJll' down
t•\' o•r ,\· pti•·st Ro•t•s t1u1t. .tl!t· ''"l'it 11li~t ~)'!il l' !It h11s prod need tl co ndition
whi<-h l ' l\ 111101 o•ntlutt'. 1111d th11t th ~· ~·· fll' tlll te ltdtney today is t oward
t h(' •·Olll·f'ti\'C ()1\' IICTKhip of tlw lllt!Uilli of production ttnd tli1trihution.
Tho-so• pri~·•t" HN' mn kin~; 11 n r)' ~otood liv ing out of t he ir r eligi_on as
l'r~::.'.''l'~l~~.·~:::~~~:: -~. J .• ••So.-i•li~m ~"!o~:~~~~~~;:r e~rrdh;n " '"'"'"'"
nuoltb~ Family."'
suppJem.,llt to tbrir
'tbil Uolletln will be
l'llelr .,ontitleration on the
l't~ohl~no."
,
of F~ruary 111d itt
I n ••ldltlo11 to tbe ebo~·r, Cllnitiut jeetioe will be UDOV.DI'f!d •
Collt~ bu fourt,..D otber lectur1111, Ah'· Sorial iet.
t". J . Hubr. A. ~ .. "f!Locitli~n• •n<i
1b~ Sut.., ·~ ·' Tb._. lillle tn•l t be Soo.i&l
;;~.~-~~~~·-.:~~~~~~~~~·?r~~;:·lt~,\'~·t:~::: . ~~~;:··,~-1~~ 1~~'{.' ltb~·o~~~~~~!r~~~:-~-~~~~ilti~~~ SALVATION ARMY GIVES
nml the \· iut o•m l
I ll fi~:h t
!o m11Hlllllll th<'lr good JObll.
"'~"""''' o\,.,,.,..,;.,;,.., ;, "" " "" "'
f'h ut('h tiJ:H in~t :-:ocinli11m. n 1nl
1111
tho fight of tho Caiholio
tht mo\"<'ment t o a boli1h the profit
i'i::";:~~~~!to;:11;t~~~~:~:; 11t:r~111;;r~l;r"~-~~~~-he C h 11rch ~ght tc
maintain
Somt>Ont has J'e('OIIItnl'mletl that th e I nte rnational RAilway take
New ioftm~~ttloe whieb eometo
a ll o f th t> ~t•stA out of the cart~ 111~d ~ubstitute a seriea of hookli in Urbt dtlly ro:-J &rdiag tbe
thei r pint·•·. Tht' I•HMRf!lll(••r s1t·p11 1111111le t ilt' ear and tht: eonducwould !ad ;11 belt
tor hanjt'S hi m ou a hook and ex tr11 ct11 the fare from hia pocket giving
;;•·:;;;;;;;;.1,;1 ~"11'
him a Mta r t LI0\\'11 the incline to the other end of the ear . The ear
look~ liko• a wl·lllltockecl c lot hi ng store p repared for a ru.h.
THE DEOLINE OF OAPITALI8M
The norm al de\"l'iopment o f any ~;oeial syatem tende to d eatroy
11.ud g i\·,. hirt h t o 11 dit1'1•rcnt MJ'Iilh•m.
Tht> rspita list sy"h·m h11.r; sen ·ed _it."' b e11t day and i1 about t o
down in hi11tory to II<' I'I'J:illt•·rl.'ll with the h1111·beens.
It ill 11ro\·ing ihwlf innd•·t!URtc to the wantft o r the people,
it i!i.RhliOintely nt'' N'lhut ry t!mt u sy~tern bt e~~tablished which will
t he d~mnml.
..\ fl'w y es tli RJ:O tht·rt· \n'r~ fl'w people who did not think
the J'N'IIe llt eapitlllillt s~·"tcm Wll!t the final thing. in the
of thf' gon•rtuncnt>~ of the world. II wall the hut
·
PillE "BISHOP" ..aSOit
fOR ESSAY' 011 "HOW TO
8lll) ']ftE Pli.J:"
·
(;>'li••
ft.Uf:P:
• ow
.
. .
",::ee~:_: ~':-~~~~:::.:
y~rs ==:.:::~ ~;..:~:e:!-!~:~~~:;:;;t~:!~
"'"~' 1'""' '"'' Dk koell, IDd., U a b!aeklilled
had beeo drh>ea 11ut of t he
for bi1 acti1'ity ill
i1110 the okl
Lut week be be-
i•trod1~ by Soeialitt BeJ>UHII\e.Uve Charlet H. W:or·
rill, •u i""-' by tbl-.~(~lttlfl! tae.t:
yur, alloW"IIIf eltiM to fetid the ebll· ·
dren. I t ••• the f011rlb thu •~ b&l'
dty. A •tete law,.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-01-24
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-01-24
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n086_19140124
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n086
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Salvation Army Home Exposed
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/fbcda3345899ccc1bb78c900f6febfaa.pdf
0b9a2bf4831ecc31d4f2527c9b3924be
PDF Text
Text
..
-ALO~OR
Jllftv.'ffi
IALE
STANDI
~YTO·
$A'fl'RIMY·
VaLD-No.as ,
~
"
I.Oillt.ATTHI:~CW
YOUR ADillta u . L
IP IT IS
88
YOUR SUilSCRIPTIOfl ~
PIRBS NI!XT 'ln!l!lt
�F o r the fo llo ,vlna: ReoiJ.one • STATt: n~· SEW
I . T hey are Uuh111 lbde a tod beAr
2. Ooutalna only pure
f'ounty o{ f.ri<',
\'OI:;~-
lOth, IIl l-I.
"U1:1Ioa Labi!l, -
,
~~~~\~~J:J•~qr:;.~f~~ ~:~ o;,::::·~;~~i'nJ duly
prlce.-- Trrav-ci(J.get.a-day .
Compel your deo~ler tu k~p
d ..J"''" and u y•, that l li•·<'
lh~m
~;~n
If l•r,.pet"t A•'f'IIUf' and thai
~~:,::~ do to, br:utlng for lith AYe. ~~~~-":~ ·::n,~:.;y;:l:::~~~ ·~:~'
I. B. KRIN SKY
for tb"'JII> t)IO!Ito of idfnti fyin,r
XAN UYAOTUitEH
whom I
207 North 4th St.. Brooklyn, N. Y
for •
_________
un i 0 n
Men
~~ut:~~j;;z::~·~~f ·h·
::~!~~:F~::\~~u~:~~~to
Dt-.
c:. .'M
.-l.rn•.•·
E. WEDEKINDT
I
UNDERTADK>AND PUNERAL DIRI!CTOR
fs::.~. ;~~~;::.~:~:.;~"'"" --·. . .,....
No. 5 WALDBN A VBNUB
:,:~~~r~~~{:,~.~~::;.:~~-- ~-·~
1
A8Jt!ot. a(ld eubeorlbe fbr the
1
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1
]f'A\'ingtbr oni•· r bt ~ •.
wbo 111!btrd ;., a \J\ltlyinl(
mY ~:i\"i lll:' nt~· nanor mntl ad1 re fHt('•l thruo t o ~i t. Let (or
At the laAt mH't ina . !'f
I anti t ('f u... d to gh•e my meo 'a l'nion, t-al (1, t be
• •· "
ART IN
I' .
fiJI Wlftft. CIICliDl ~EitlrJ IC,.Itl•t
.
1:~'1 •:;~~h~~:~:::~~~~-~-~E. :~: ~~,~~::~ ':,"::.';::~.J:::te~;
'""1...t.~tn,......a-rort~. m~
Service That Is All Yours
··;::·:::·.~:;,o:.'~~:..·: ""
;,.Y
Tha~s the simplest
to~ what
di=t llnc Bell tdepbone scrvkc would mean
in your hO!=
,....
\.s.:\::.~:; ~r·:·;,:•"L~ 1 ~~.,:::·~.~.,7.~ ~~~ :.~;d•&aL~~~~~~ ~~ct:. 11:'~0::'~~nn 1::~~
l .. ho~b 1!"' llulfalo l lo•lrio.•t forno~ B. I'D rl, :"ork • • ." 111eant
I~.~,'~r :·;,:~"·,:::::·,.~;k~::: 8n:~~~;''~:r",:
011 :\~1
L;;~~~~i,Lr
uf ;:ainin~; aJI ea~yli\·. ·
ill•tit ution• .
Ice c~::r~!~~.~!~ !?~inks :::a·r.·.:;:;.~~:.~~~.~· ·~~~;;:;~ ;~·~·i:·:~i'~~~· ·~~:~ ·~~:~::i,:•.~u";; '.:~~~~~:~'::~ ~~~ .
..
63 7 \Vuhle n A vc.
Uutlo
SOL. KISSJN
l'houu ~:·;~_;.~~~~:,~~·~ :!0~11:
1
..
~::~ ~~,1,:,~~:~: :ii:~.:n:~~:." :~ :~~~ ::"-~~~~!~':;"!~~~
;:r,...
1.,z., .,( ,..a ,t.• 1"'1"''· fu r nituro•,
Union &as Burner Go ::L;::::;;::~;;::~:';:.~· .':.~:·:.:::.':; ;::·.:~.:;.:~::~~:~:.:::;·::~~:::·~:
•
(WE SELL •VALUE)
tbete moralro• • rd c:orroration
Wall aiii!<M atanoed a r l!port
e:rplo-ion wa1 tllft retenlt of a
UIIIOD 1Jtllpathill!", Seldom, If
a mol"'! laiquitoua a ttempt to
labor t~Ma ' maill! hy upltal.
0111! attrmpt Ill wh lrb tbey
. T . . . .. .,.. , . : : ::.;.. . h.
1/11\C a..-a~· ibrf'C or f >:>Hr dolLars wor~!o aa,.-thing furtbtt about the \' olnnt"',.. l11g di~pat~b Jut 1-"Tiolay:
;;'n:!o:~.:~~~d':,; 1'1"h!;o~. :~~~·~·~ :;:!;db~~ ~~utA:~;i",71 e.0'.,:~;:•::~'l•n;:,de,•:::,: ~~~~~:~~·.~;,:;\~-~~ian~ of
~harilloblf' •louatiuu' of .,~·
k in•!. 'rile fakf't8. J ac:k \\' rill'bl ia u yet URheard
Wnh your Bell tclcphonc on a f"""'''"rlY
line you share the servia: wiih thra: other
subscribers, who are cntitltd to
xrvtc.c:
with you.
oiuat
a11e.,, N r., • ueb ·~the Au•tin flood.
:~~tf~;~~~i~E;. ; ~:.;t~:~l~:~~·~1tf: ;~,:~ ;f,~ i; !f~ ~ i.:;iff~~~:~~fi
369 Ellicott Str eet
•"'paper la.; ...._
'-' Of&.. 31S-317 ~ Sbat ·• • 8ollalo, N.Y.
Major fbmmon41 on Stand.
·I
\\' h ulo.!oQh.' and Ht>taiL Healer In
;,;;;,,~;:;;1 ,;;,~
t h>1~_ 1•:::~!,~~- ;~ ~~;~~~--~:~1 4.
M A Z UC A
H a Fa p E N N V
.:,:
llrDetter·:&flung.
oaiM olll. . TG OkJ, ,.j...
'"IJ.Dtlbeila$eraltof &MWor.tlq'OIMt.-•_.forrl....._
The cinly GeralaJI.
till><'.
lH
M~,~~~~:!,~~t:!~"!t.~O.:te~l~~t,!:;
''Clothes Tbat Are Different' '
W111.
~~ ;~:· ~:~:~ ~~f.l •:,7mt ,:,• i::~ ~~:~;101~i~m~~~lnry,
"'Y timr ~tlltlt to t he
)lr. T . II. S IGlin, llu.adal
·.::;:.;.:::.;;.;;;__.;;;_;_;;;;:.;.:;;.::· s .. ""' to
631 !lot uln Stl " ' - t
fic""' "'"'" eleoted:
u ••poad..,l, ·• \'o u "'"Y olo tin•e nu~ur.. r: t ', J . :\l ~rthy,
EnrTC•umgl~ft~~~;;;:(ST,
Or-ft
to at.out a pair of
"~;."'::~:' ,:,'~"ui,:d(~o;\~~" .
W••c~ ~$11vo...-. .. oM
RAy
~1.okt
<"hit.l at thf Sah·atiou
in thi~ l>uild iag .
'1" .,' "'~-
,.er e
made
pub-lie
the tlinributio a of
. i wr-rtial
eorollf!T'a jury
blaine 11nd lind it w he ro It
) 00 per cent. service on a direct, pivatc:
llnc would cost only·a Uttle mote:
·:rtr ···
®
It's Evaywbuc.
New York
Telephone
Co.
I
.
Tdq>baaclluUdlar
0.=1> & F...Jdio Sbub.
BULLETT'S ·SHOES
Union Mad•
HAVE A REPUTAnON
TNEIE'I A IEAIO.
LOUIS MAISEL
:;.,..11.,..,
c.,,.tl,
011 Ci.IJI-,
,..,u"'""
.s~~-·· .w...... , ..
s-..~.
• - ' CAIIJ~•·• C.,~.,,
0 6& · 967 BRO A DWAY
ClfARANCE SALE
O u r &fmi·.Unual Cle&r•Sale
beclnl Tll lJ I<SDAY, J<''NlTA.KY 8th
• nd 1&.u for IOdat!. l~ oo.rtuu•l
eultoln ~ dean out aU msebaodlte
tnxn
MNOD 10
ae-, hence creat
redactlot:M pren.\1 aod If yon are In
need ~f wln~r food• th\1 1a your
opporumlty.
'':.:w
s:;u aod Over;·
tl~~~tt aod
p.T&
t11.75
po:Ut s:l'- ~ ~.,er: ..14.7&
sn.cw:u ~':*
~ ?•n: t18.78
u..xr..r. a....... etc. •t
aqu.UJ ....!ICed . . . .
TIE TWO...,...
EITEIPIISE
"'""'IJH
fl•$1. $1.
:lttlt-
;~::~~~~;·~:,::._~~~~~o~;.\,,..lt
ro:m• i n ..H..c l nd In !It
ou t!.OO 1>1!• trr.ek
r~n,. a ,.-~e)o: f or fOO!l.
.
Witb oar blormou• out.
pu}, C:O!llbintd with oar
' cheap upetain
rent, ~ art in a
position to gl..e
,aiDa! that eaAaot bt daplicated
d.ewhue,
�~
~
THE OL6BE TROTTER
New 8oolall!'t Monthly, 211 ......, . ,• .., month .
EDITORIALS 8Y OiAR1J!I BDYARD RUSS!U.
80 Cents a Year
The Buffalo Socialist .1.00 a Year
Send One ~liar to the Bufi'ILio ~lallat at 8011 Mutual
Life Bulldln• and you will r-Ive THE BUFFALO. soo·IALIST
and the Qi.OBE TROTTER for one year.
I
Remember - Tht Globe T rottcr has Russdl' s Editorials
every 'month.
f'1w 4101£ /.Hllci<KU 8oft Drink JICKW
PINTS AND Q UARTS
1111111111111 Ql cn rccllllll!l
500
p.~ln
Mu'l $4 00 011 Gtdn. all
;",!,";:!::
.......$2.45
Nla"ara Waterproof double " ·ear
tulea on ll!'l'ery p.\r. Slset II 10 12.
~~ !:a;!:~/ro~.:!' ~iz~ro.:~~~
~~:!,r:=:~~e;oJlll;::!~~~~~:l;l;:
doubleweu.
!IVB.HntGS-cA.B.\RilT
BUFFALO SHOE
CO.Ii=-=P::::
ET:!::....
ER..!~~
L~~::.=:
'~~~
,~--~.,I·
Seneca and Ellkott Streets
Men's Shoes $2 to $6·
Boys' Shoes 95c to $)
UNION HATS
THE~HAT
Bell 1!!.00 Bu Valueoa Eartb
lllt.DWofliNSt.,Nt. ,eitt. W'~SIL
,,..,.,.,11711
Bol &1llioh trom8:80 .t.. M., cot P.ll.
,.,,TIIf111WIH1
DDfNUS
sutvao
Michael Ultloh
YOU AND I
(BJ L. ~- Lea)
You are
tile ...,t11r,
IamtHW.n.
Yoa hc.n " ' tlll11p
Por nidi I but eraTL
You-• 0.. me&aa
~I•at li'fe,
AIM$force-1ftab
Wlla' 70• ~ to rin.
TIM:~
.
11 tbe wortOt' •1 ~••
I toll •blle10'1 traffi
r. tu dbtut JuU.
IW pi'OIIoct
YDU . , ud 10'1 tbiM...
no
I!Odai8r,
wmuu.-.r-t
It wfU.!..I 401!'\
�POIII...J:SKal) YII:ULT BT TJn:
- .__.,
' BUFFALO soaALIST PIJBLISHING COMPANY•
604-605 Mutual u. Bcdkllnc
.....TII'I~,.._I
Sulooc:rfpdoa Pril:a SUIO
8UI"''ALO, N. y •
l'll.oiJU~.T-
HaatT~s-;:u.JUf.~
p2 , _., ~
lb
... P~~ :;~·
~
J"'..._
~·
k adnou
.
~u~matkr J-5.1911. .dth.p01tc:ifbr.t8u&JD.Nn.-York.
\JCidcrtbc&dot&Wc:bS.JI79
SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, J9Jf
OUR GENEROSITY
The illlliOJU••t of til~· C hn rniJe r of Commer ee t.he ot her
ofrl'n ·ll n •·cry J,:Wd urgume n t for t lw i1u111g!•ra tiou of 11. llYlllCUl of pro·
oluetiou n •~<l oli~o~t rilu~t ion w h ich would put thi• conn try ou a reul sound
\\')Iii•· "''ery 1m111 ut thHI luu htll•·t no t!ouht h, J _Jt feeling
!iQmo·thinJ,: wusr h·· ,Jon••. yt'l if a uyouo· hnd meltlionCd Socinli11m
wouhl lui\·,. lot•f'IJ " r 10! T h•'M' nu·n who JIMio• :lJol thl! bra ins
roruno11111l\' nr•· nt 11 lull.~ to kunw whAt is tlte mut lt'r with t.hingfl.
tho·y in•· i;,. · m··u frl•nl 11\ ]to·r ··itio·s with l ht' hope
finding
t l1 r unJ,:i1 11 fo·w "wcll-··ho~cn" wonis how to !ix t hings u p 110 tlmt
t lwir prlltils wi ll iuer~·H ~•·t.l n;• of tht• r•·ul w i~·· orw~ !wing pr•·M·nt hc toltl h is hcn r era whn t
11 SJ I~···dy Jot uf prodH<·•·•"~~ ,,.,. n r~·- Ire aaid tlmt we produce
in nim•ty J nys t o lmppl~· ourHo>ln;. for t ilt' n:•l of the ~·cur,
!Jei n ~ 110 ~mnrt. nntl 11uch guoJ w•, r kcn;. we must work the re~>t
~·en r for pcol'le in fort•ign cou ntrie!i or ~tu n•e hccuuse we
J uced too much.
Julit think of it if ,vou clln f llt·rt• we nrc
luner i!'llll!i who wouldn't listen to uny -'iystcm
·· I
a ny cons idcrn t io n, yet we nre fo rct•d t o fintl a for eign 1
prod uctM. w hich mcan11 tha t w e a r c so gcner oul •lutt w e
work o nly t h rcl.' mon th s fo r ou r11dt'cM, m nl n rt> insi11t cnt
o f other coun1 rie11 m u11t ll't 11!1 work ror them for the
moutht .
We o n · willin ~o~ tu wvrk uutl ht1 \'t' not !hut o thl!l'!i 11111111
t he fru illl of ou r lnhor.
nr lt•l it h(· lln itl tim! thl' Amo<r iCKIIII a r e , s tingy lot.
or
"""''" •I "•'"'"
tol.l hoOI' th,.y h1ll ·~•"Olte<l al-
i
a pin•l tb~ advice of edlr & l'fl ill 110rtbeu~r11
'OIIJI:b l IIIM'tllem,.ut Pftially OD tlte bo~n
s ..
who
li . ..-ithout al'trike, andthfiNt~thnearO....ia,
will not go bll('k to ..·orlt uu- rif~. 8a1o~ilta i1 full of
Fedcrltlou or Miul>rs i1 the most ten-lble eouditiou... lD I
•• th,.ir 1poke~~mu.
1111d 011 1-be bordton cooditlo111
bu t h,. oame riabt 10 orjlu · bad u t My poulbly o:aa be.' f'or
Lt·l t ho• mnyo/1' t"k•· th o· hi ll! il; Tf'l('ll rol 10 i•
mlw r tha u thnt J.,•Jon j..'inc to t ho• nutiou. stltl o·
'""" ' ""
~~ ~ •·~ ~; in~:-;:~~:;,;:•:,•.~l .::~~~~~~ :~~;~;;:::'::...~~~a -·~im('ll of
u ,,. ~lfilttra an<l thti r repre" Of t he U!IHI at thouuudM at l'l't'Dgeel
who ar~therl'ol at t he Dou 11 t~• in the-e diotritu, ,.;ghty per, r:eat ..-e
\o\ iJl h H\' t•pJ,•nl,\'nffiiTld!I IOj.t'() I)JI\\ilhlh•• .,
THE MASK IS OFF
l
11
WOOW!a 111d tbildrt'll. They ·~ bnded
I hn10lr 0 Tft\ lor, prl'oltlent oa ""boaltGoart, ltahln nd outbould
!'tate FPol~rl ll<>n <>f lDII"- Thoo~aada
.oo ab,.lter wAlt
g ,,.
-" - Hilton. rbief I'(IOil·
lie h!\1
~~"
worltiejl' ill tbe
Thf' ( .. muriR.~ioner or Charities will' l;a,·e f ~;ood job of hou&e· :~~:~ r;:;ll~~. ~~~!~e ::;m~~ 1
dl'lllti n~or ou h i~ Juuul~ when th e' peorlto ~ho llre rNnducting miuiona, worhr ('111 r~e;.-,._
i udu~trhtls. c_huritit•K. _n nd thto eo.lleetion of relief "'.llda are compell~
N~vertbeleu, he claimed Ilia
to r o·J>fitl thl'tt o•ollectl~nll 1111<1 chsbune!flent. to th•l d eJJartme nt. N o ..-~M-aut:b that ''I tonld """"' IOIVe
iJouhl IUHUY of t lu•rn wt\1 (!:0 OUt o f bus m eU.
l hln~t.''
,~n ri~~~~~M~of~l~~,8~8~~~::,~e~Y~cny
Hard Times and
Thrift
II
1
the good
m t rntwu11 of 11 111 1111 llko lle u n F ord who baa w 1thm the pu t w eek
g ra.nt.t><l eon•·t•"'"ions to t he men e tuployed by the eoneeru which h e
A uw for bard t imN baa ~n
~i:'!:::t~~~. likt· t"\'t•rythin~t else it iK w ell t d investi!ate the moti_'if for too;ered b-;.:eyw'!:!,~;\~ ;::~
"\ l'ffirtliut: 10 ~J r. F orti. he claims ~hat he does not desire to
·
tnt:•lof! peo111e 111 ball~
llct·u mullll l' 11 \' IIIII fortllllt', ttnJ that he wlllhea the ruen
moaey. by deprio;iDI o.,.m
to sh1u e in lht• prooluct or th eir labor, and that h is
to,bae1 1111 t o. Tbe
not i'Xp~t ~ l' rofit !Jy w ha t Itt h 1111 d o ne , b ut that they moat
be .._1 ., " bu
and hustll' for th••m~Wh-I'K.
·
hablta of t llrift t o
All uf whid1 is n r y j.t'oot.i o f ~fr. F ord.
•
But. h.,Jio•w us. ~l r. 1-'ord i11 11 •·er y wise man.
'J'Jno wr~· fin;t thint: thnt the working mlln .;.ith bill eye~
open Mhou!t\ 11otil'<' i~ 1h111 wht•n it w1u1 Announced that the
eoncen r wu ahout- to p ut its m i'u o n an eight hour baaia, and
ma ke pla l·e for allout -t0t)0 more men. there wu a nab for jobs
br ought 10,000 mcu at tht· t:IIIC!f of the factory. 10,000 men
;f,OOO jot..-n ote the uutnlwr of mt>n a nd the number of j oba.
!abo~~~~:1~8~,~~:11 the Furd Co. can arl'ord t o pay ita ~"'kill•!d l l"o>••·a
Another fact i11 t h111 h.- ~~~~·.s the men will produce u m uch in
t ight houn u fo r uwrly in !he t weh ·e hour-a. Thi8 meana quite
it em to ~lr. Pord.
d -., • erdoa11ta
.Altogether ) lr. Ford t~hows 11 ke~n buainesa aeUC!, ud wbeu aad •oney beeo.eanal~·zed his IICfie nte look!! lih a good bna.ine• propoaition.
But tltritt, ,.gt.awy er
J n the lint plaee. thl' Fonl ~rotor Co. bu received more
tile \k--.d f •
ad\'I!Miain g through ita btn('\'oleure t.h an the firm could afford
daq •llllcb Ia t.no
f or in yean at the regular ril le... Column after col.umc in
wlllt:b
pape:r in thil and other .,couut ri('3 ah!iOlntely ~ of ebarge.. Ju
in"estment.
•
ln tbe ~~eeond place we do not t hin k llr. J.~ord needa to wonT
-.rbtre t..be nen weal ill eolflin~ from. Jf b e un now alford to pa,J
the n e w aalaril!l md gi.\'e t he rn~n d i•·idend.l bia profita mnat U.ve beeD
eoormoua in the put.
'
·
ln the third plaee Mr. F ord b.-Jiew•s no doubt th&.l. be ia
c ~"- ' ~ ~----'~-"
in line wit.b other Cory eapitt.lillt. io pretendingho h elp the
aU o f w hich W \'ef1' good diplontacy, eonaidering the faet
of t he worke:rs are • t lting up to the nfflt of the -.rorken
the tainea and tactori• and <J'UilDing lhe:m ·for t.bem.elna.
l.n the announeemt n f that the m eu t~·ill prod.uee
much -~·~··•-··~~
"houra aa fol'mf:rly in tweh·e, it Powa a meaDA far an
third ..ore profit.
J&. 11'0l'Jl, r ou 're a wonder.
to you.
tallin•••••••-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
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Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-01-17
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-01-17
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n085_19140117
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n085
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/13362eaf3c90d6a17be395f781f89c26.pdf
e9e98eacf9273432eac0f7084e4afe70
PDF Text
Text
I..OCJEATTHE~Otr
IIUPPALO SOC2AUST Cll'l
SAUl AT'NJI9S S11UGlS
YOUil ADDIU!IS u.IU.
1P fT IS
86
< WEDI'IBSDAY TO
YOUil SUBSCRIPTJOI'I J!X.
PllU!5 NI!XT-
SATURDt-Y
Voi.B-Noo 84
INT. RIILWAflAYSOFF. .
· · MEN WHILE PASSENGERS
.. RIDl LIKE .·cATTLE
BUFFALO, N.Y.; JANUAftY 10, "14
BUFFALO SOCIAUST
HAS FORCED ."CHARITY"
FAKIRS ro ·SKIP TOWN
�UNION
\
:
ARB TB'B
.1'/ntsf In
Bufl•l~
pu.lf.:=:~:.#.=-.:.::l:;'~m'of.tta.nl•p.
to.._
n-& will
w-.
laa·• - ol $M lac$~ tM 0~ •bo W..,.
..UJiiO·sJW WlldMiDftwW.._ ..ppqt.btoalltl• . . . .
MY~SWER
.
n..' ro-•.. \Ida ad~& aad ....., U..l,.,_ tot.mW& .......
oud." beniP quae.!,.... ...C ....- PIIJ' a -c. uad _,. W.W IMIM""'mea•u JvtU-'pt.,
I
•
Oudit ~No. l
=
==~~~~=
• • $37.00
Outfit
No.2
=~=~~~~11ro-=-.
m.,, burial penul.l, oompleM ~;;J ~ To\&1 ooit •. $43.{)()
Outfit
burl&lao.l\lo
~bartal~!I,OII,Dlp~c.:-~·~.
.
~=:IL 00m.~plKoou0.o4'oiioDdou;o; .···•
. •
•
Outfit·No.4 :;::.e~~::u:r=~~::::~~orotM:I::i:::
e=·~l::::l:l!~r,:::::·~~=b:-C::,J!u, 'hurW~auk.,
$60.(}()
burlal pertall,cvmp~ c:arealldatteD4uoe. !l'otalCOI& , .
I GUARANTEE •li the rooch fvn!•bDe ao4 lhe .enlow -.dere4 to be
tu aupertor w UIJ f11nabbed by aoy other UDdenalr::ft' lA Bo.!alo far &ha u:orbiC&atpriDM&heywlllebai'J•·
&II Pbooa1 0doftl' l81
Feder.! Pboaa 178S
·E. WEDEKiNDT
UNDERTAKER AND FUNERAL D!Ri!CTOR
No.5 WA.tDBN A VBNUB
A..tate and eub..,rlbe f'or the
Arbetter-:Bettuno..
: The ualr Get-maD u . . j..per to &he Nle outr.ld& ol •New Ywk Q'J, re~
lflod~ the inlei"Mt of Lbe Worklll( Olaa.- 60 oeatl for!_,._
Offioc, 315-3!7 <;..,_ S,..t
• - Bafioto, N.Y.
TWO TO FOUR TIMES THE SERVICE.
AT AFEW COOS 0 IN COST
That i> what lndlvidual Une Telephone
Service would give you,
Subscriber.
onthout
nu~·
· i ""'i"""""""·
~~~~1.~,~~~ ~~j~t~ ~~f0~~fl:,:;.; ,;: -~ ; .-;
ARGUMOO ,
~:~:,;.;·~~~,;:~' ~~.:R:~~; h~~;t~nr!;';~:~ te;i;:,~!",.::"':; .~·~~i•, you propo~e
SMASHED TO PIECES fD·::7~1~ .J:~~~~.~~;·Z;'~t~:~~:~i~~~~::.; 1 \:~~"~ood-bye!
--
~:.~ h~~~:~:::!~r~~;::fi~:~~;~:~:~,~·~::·.'/hE~
Socialist News DepOt ~~·}'Ju.t"';','... :~r~<l<'~;~-.S":;;·' ,~;~·~~:;
Dally Socialist Papers
• run
IU
,1uarteno , r.oCi
.\h:t '!" ' !.if" Bid!!. .
~~:~f.:~~~~~rA;~:. weecty ;:J~:I~~:::~~:~/",';: !~~:,'~"';:./·;~~~~.
l:uluu Goodt
n eat
lr~dW&f
F. A. lHold
H. J. l MKNII.
,._..,Boll. S.aoc.o J UJ
ITtl~IIU,
C. r . lfalllf.
p,_,l.. llHl
ZEBOLD BROS. CO.
Party-Une
The Central Office Une that would be as• signed to your exclusive use would allow
' you \ o telephoce at any time without clelay.
h
&lo(I IHI th~m . Thf'
i
u• utpr<l thr fun ~lion~ of
Mr.
· 1 ~'""~of th~ en t ir<' •tal~
Thore h••·e ohny~ b~n t ho"'
,·._.•.•·.-_--.,:~~.·i. ,..•._ •.•.,.,_.·. ::·· _,.·,.·. :~~~~~:~:e:'c,·: ~:;~~~~ . . the
d
,· ~;Y.g:~ . ;·,h::c'::~ ~~:"'out
It would make you independent of the uac
that others make cl yoor Une.
A.k our Commudal Office about Individual
Une Telephooc Service today.
~New YQrk
•
T~lephone
\
Co.
T dcpbooe BuildiDr
ciun:h & Frankllo Struts.
d runk•, a11d taka it eat y, ild
. ~~. '~c::~i~:"'.:.,"u~ '";~~ . .. h••·e
PROTEST MEETING
LAST SUNDA
BULLETT'S SHOES
Union Mad•
I HAVE A REPUTATION
· THEIE'I A IIUSOI
. B11t let him loolr. bae lr. a few ytlln,
eomparlas t llto ataad lag of t he me~ye
ment tlle11 with Itt me-niag now, 1..11d
he ..-ill marnllo111 ad•·..,~e
h at beo:-11 made thr011gl!. th ~
•
tbe
bej:lnt TII UitSDAY, J AN UAH\" 8tb
ano:l ltll.t for 10 dayt. 11.11 un r ti~IIR L
cuuom to eleau out tll m~n:handlll<:'
f rom - - t.o M!UOn 1 hen ce gtn t
~uctlont1.re ulland If yo~;~.ar,• lu
ufo<'d uf .,.·lntf' r
thlt It you r
opportunity.
_..
•ood•
f i&OO Sulu and
O•~r
fi U Oio fl 88ulttaud
Oven:ol\.1 a t
po..:u
&.Dd Over-
s::UI
~ ~ ~~UI ~d 01'e r-
B••"'"'
Codu ..·•r,
el.<:. at
eqtllll y redoced ntee
THE EIITERPRISE
TW08TOR.It8
191·19S 6t•ntt St.
ISOO 3•"•n•• St.
.: ·:.::...:.::...;;:,:· •::::!::· ..::
~::.• of allrhe eonuadet.,
With our enormous output, combined with our
ch~ap upetaira
~t. w~ are in a
position to give
' 'aluet that can.
not be duplicated
elacwhere•
�Mi:l l TbkCoupoaroo(lb Sf)c.
.................. .._.
'l'ew.&lltyvuto try a p.alt of tho.£
Pre~eot
thbe<lupoa. to theBo.r-
$2.45
Co. befllt'l'l J•nuou y
l <l tb•ndl ,wlllbel'<l!dt!eml!d ,.., UII!!
f&lo S.bo&
uOOee11t.t In
mn.t•~r. on
•ny poo.ll'
ofHul!aloSb~ fordmnol'•·ur k,
U .•O. ...\.00 or fG.OO.
totbepal r.
On.,
~00: a:~~~/B~~:!hSJ,'~~Nla.~r•ra Wate'l•rou fO~rant~
e~r.r pair.
Double Wur 8olt!io "''
.Sizes 6 to 12. Niagara Water.
proof Soles on every p.l.ir.
No more. .at t bis price .after t bae:
sol<!. So be q_ukk to act this
big Sboc B:arg.ain.
:a~
Th• JJOIIt DeUcfom &lft Drink .llatU
J'IN'JS AND QUARTS
hll II SIICin Ill llllllllltn
Queen Gity Candy Co.
WHOL ESALE
CAND I ES
·iooo~~;grsfso
THE QUALII!!.~~~:!:!:,~::"ALWIN EHMS
Ord111n fur W&dd l1111, Pa rtie., Balla, l"to-~.eloO,prom p1 1 7•Uendedto
" ' -. Bo.Q...__.s, 7.,.. UJCIOliiGOONOftl.T
The Main Lunch
IATitiUL INI DAY AID IIIHT.
UteJAU liA.tr
Pu.re F'ood1.
Pr1011a.
Quic k Senlce,
....
H. WEIDEMI LLER
Pop11lar
Qll&ulhyaod Qcudl lf .
~-lt·d,.,
604 M a. l n St., Bd»Jo, N. \' .
HENRY F. 80HORB
U nio'n Band!&;<>r o h . . tra
r..-fllriMillaH II•w.lht
M\JSICA.LlNST..RUMENTSPORSALB
BVIJ'IING-5-CABAR&T
7 '\V~ AYmuc
PETER KLIPPEL
T~1
P-WIIt(IJ
Qd ...
.,,.,,.., ..,cu, 4fl~t~,.
U,
UNION HATS
The 11n111111e bnw!N"n ~Ja\i.m ' and
;. • 11ru11~1e for lbft eoutrol
THE~HAT
Bett t:J.OO Hat V& IIHI oa &utb
political pa•~r~ and 1111. Di,Mitlt., .. r.ll•itl l
aoc:i~ty, Capit.alim1 n- hlf: T.,.,IHJ
~ 0~~~~~-=:! ~=~:
111e
1.1e~ 1 :'d '!:!'e.:!u.,~
~f all lbe peop~
lf tllte
a:o:ar:!.M ~b'- ~
Bot
W.u;,.,.,.n..
F_,_,_tl1r•
La~~e~=~v!,W l P. K.
Michael Ulrich
8•-,h Jt-- cS .st•..;.,..,
674 J!lUcott Stnd.
COI'DU
ViraiDia-
Dttroit Cuncb
Coioinc csull<nt. Pnoa - ·
�~~~~.-a.TaTn.
BUPI'ALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHII'IG <XliiPANY
.
.........Uiit....
.
BUI'!'AA.:N. v.
' __ ftAiK _._.. T_
~
11AR1'1.--....-;;;;.....
~
:rvrntU-o ~
, , ••_C&T'Ia4 . . . . ..
AMI-.....__....._,~
...... ·".
~Ptb$UD,_,_, • •
IIUPPALQ.N.Y.
....._ ........ . . _
~·
.... ,..._ .. ...,"-v-.
a.....s.~_...J-S.Jta.
. . . . . . adcl.._ .. ...,
. SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 191<
PIIOFE880R8 WANT FREEDOM
In thi1 home o"f the bnn•e and land of the tree who would
th111 it i1 neeesMry for w llcge profeuon to have .to 'take
f'rJibr e J)ttfect freedom or thought and tpeet:b, yet nch ill
111 haa bern hrouJ(bt uut 111 the annual eonveutioa of the Am'' "':''" 1';;;1 ,-;Tio~o
l'olitieal Sticnee AMIIOCiation recently.
.
It !l(.'(.'lllil t.lntt at profe•or t1a'i been disehnpid frmn
well-kuowu uni\·e nitit'11 for helping to lJeeurc prorreui,·e oe~··~•••~· l :;;:;:
~~~;~"~ hc~~e 111c 11 a re cndea\·oring tO proli!C!t ttaetnM'h ·es
~ ~.:-:·~~~~.•)·•;;j::;'.J:·.:~:·;;~;;;,,;::~:'!'l m
lht)i~:';re~~·:~~c~~~~-r~·~~,')\'t:'ti:th:J,:~1a~~~;~;g::~. iRtrong
of
,;;~~~~~~~:".:::-:·:: ;.:;:;,~':'.:.:":.!.~'1~:-.~~~~;
thl~~:~;lll;~"u~=~~:~~~~~~" t~h~l:c1 ~~II:::,:O:!l~~~da~~~j:.~~~i~0}0~hill
l•o: tnkeu 11111 of the control or the o:llj)italil t ds~f
Tile rt·port of the Commift.'liUIICr or I.J&bor o ( N~w
Hhow11 au I!.JlHIIing rnuuber or unemployed-how nloout that
Tht! workt•n. are adriS<•tl lo be optimi11ti•·· Try if aor.~e
you hll\"e wulked the ll!rel:!lll f<ll' a cpuple 11( day1 \\'it hout
t0('81.
AN EASIER METHOD
Thl' e Rpitulis t preu would h11 n • u• belic,·e that'M.r.
)lr. B~:~kcr, the bankers, ha\'e d ecidetl to withdraw from
intc rloekinl1 direetorat('l through " det~ire to eater
ment,
tt ren~aiDI
for Mr.
Mr.:\forgan
Morgansayajt
to che
that i11 but
a n economic
one.
wuthe
" d one· ;~~:~:~~~ ;:~::·~:i;:~·.;,;;~,;;~;-<b;i,";;,.;;;.;;
of , d elil>er atio n a nti 11olt•l.' · f~~r the bHt illttre~t11 of tile
eoner~~~~h~·~d ,,~:r::~. ~~-~~~~~;:~nt~ ~~rt~
r~ro·~i·h·nt
or
Wibop 11nd
f 'ou11r•"l'lii. t/11· huu kinJ: intc>reR\JI ha\'e""IUeel•f•tlo•d in ~eeuriug l egislll·
:::~~~~:·:,•i~:,•e );~~:~:~ t~~~mm~i:;n~tn!;·.~,:~~~~~.::_'f;~ri~~nr!~e_;;~~:t;~
~~~~~~ ·~~~~o~l~~:w~n~" tt~IU~~;;it~~o::;~Sc~.'t ;:~a~~~~o:ti:~dt~~:;;hln;~~
•··' -~"'- ~;.;c.c~;.;~:;;-:_tii':cl;;,;j;;!p~cor
ll10n<>y raute.
'·
Under
t!I'W ml"llu>~l t ho· ~n-o·ut1eol lou!liUI..118 man will f,,. 11 nu•re
JHIWn in the hRtuJs of ! lor o·Oll••o"l"r'll nf the big ptoflts. fi nd fl.,. IIIIlCh
hl•rRioll'll ··. ~r11· Fn••·•l••tn "" will J•rO\"o• 11 hootne~ng· to thus•· ll"ito ha \'e
lwl'n t•r.1•in11 tlu• lfllu],.,.: for itK 11/'Pt'llrAnee.
tl1i11
.\fr.·r l'r•·,.ido•lll \\'iiBon IIUC:ee(.oi lll iu h~ attl'mpt '"
, •..rituut ),. ll"ill rn k <> ~IJ' the t nbject of un1Cr amLiiu11 ''ill.!~
n·~tore
com·
Th o>~•· w j,.,. \"Oh· nt who \'Oted to win 111 tlw Itt~! t·lcction are get.
t inLr tlw full lwuo•lit o f their winnings---n· ft·" 111illion of them are
looking fur 11 joL.
IF WORKER& U8ED SUCH METHODS?
What \I'Ould be the re11ult if
t!Jf·
ll""rk··r.c
1111ed
the ume ml'thO<J,.
:Ji~~:~i~tc~;:~~in~~liam!e and tht' 111int· "wm•fll of the Calumet tuininc
What wo uld the cHpilnlii4T J •r•·~,. sH~· i£ the atriken1 we r •. 1n ru pture :'ll r. Slunv, thi• prt~ idt•n t ,.f 11,.. t "nlumet apd Hecla :'llininC" Co..
a 11d a ftw shnuting him und l•o·ul in~ hi m hAir to death, then to rore ibly O<.C: i" '' ,, : ~.:; , ; ·;.
tl rag him n milt• throu~th Tit•· :<tro·ehl and take him nhollrol
train
u mh:r guard . nntl 11llip him in" d,,•ing condition to nnutllt'r ·
\\'hat woulolthr ··a r•ilnliHI pr~ uy if ju1t one nf lht> ,"~''' "~.'""'I ~~':!"'!~~·"
••h
lllil &
houltl
U!lillll
liOUU'
ho~
lir,. thmngh
o ne of
1trikers
'"
utlw.. r n unol<-rlwutl
menus
oft he
weake
ning .n·llinJ:
tltl'
lll iiW OWIII'rl> ~
l:~~7:;.:7;~::~:~~~·::<::~;:t~.:f;~~~i~:;~~~~~~~~~
Wh ut \l"nulol tlu· o.:apitnli1t p~ sny if flll<' nf the
t/oj> utilwn. uni"11 lwd d orw a11 Jim :\lcXnu~hton tlitl when 1
lti! l hllt:S ,,.,,J; ]Ut l"1 in the kiduappillg or MO,I"j'r:
\ \ ' h 11t wnuld tit .. poli~·e. a nd the t..'<lurts. Kl¥ 1 the gonrnor,
t ht•j:u\·o·r uttu·nttln T
\\"hill wuuldn't this gang do. ami ~l o •tni..-k !
\nw thnt u;e new' Hoard or .\l.lerii/CII hKR be<-n hitche(l up
t lw t·npitnlist wngon, _j ns! wntl!h tllo:ll1 run nway with the l.mnd-
LETTINQ, THEM TRY
f.;ome mont h or so llb"ff MOUlt' of our brilliant dailies ll' t:re pub·
lixhing cdito riRIK which wert' s1!f)polled to he ' thf! ftn11l 11rgument
ngnin11t Sotiali~m. The i.!t•K whic h they wished to gh•e the' public
\\"811 t hllt whe.renr the Socia li11tK were gi\·en lln opportunity to do
thin~oox nolhin!f ILitd b~t~u nceotnplishcd.
t hei!e artieleM were balled
tntth ,and in c\·ery case
t hey were prejudio·t-fl lou,:! tlis tft nec ahohl written to please th<> boss.
·
To tht• pcr"l'on who wi11ht>s to find out for himself there is a
to leanr of thtr tl oiug~ of the Socia,lillts whC:te\'<"r
·
heen l'h'Cted to oftil:e, aud tha t way i:c by IICCuring the
.
or the localit>". llml we will guftntntt:e that tht- re~~der
\'iul'ed of one thiug, 111ul that i!l that the S ocia liat )Jress
fearleM in expo!ling 1tT1d Hghting tbr.. gra.ft aud fnrnd!
!ko long bl,"t'.n prolet!ted by the silenef' of the eapitalilt JH'~
h t the in11ttnee of the rt'"Cf!nt exr)()!le of the ;,charity' '
whicl~ luw e been r obbing tht' citiuo.n1 ot Bul!alo for yeara there
not. 11 hit o r tlo uht. that the l'llpitalist preu of thi$ t;ity kne w a ll
11L0111, Lout for r~~aannl' of it11 o w1o , l'robably too delir:atc to Hlt ntion,
~~~~~il;:~e!:~~ll gi\•iug t l1e public the info~11a1 ion nee~ ry to aboli1b
!\one of
on
• . --: :::.·:·.· _;- _.:·;:
i"- •:·~:_;,·.·:·t.
oc:• ..::::· :c::-_c:c:
re..Ju .,.. af
terrible dun~- ---
With C\"t'r)' fflcilit,\' nt h11ml. th~ arilt oerats' of jountatiam
f~tiiNI to oome tu the front when the truth of the situat ion
At'tually prt'8e.nteJ , ano l _kept ll!i &.ilent as the tomb UDtil
(Ort't'd t o oouu~ to thl' front to Q \ "f their akin.
Her\' wu a place whE"re t he nJ•italitt pr~ had e\·ery <hao"''"'"'""~'
in
world to ' ' t ry" and refused to aet:ept the opportunity .
<"f th~~~::::. ~~d~"l'itftli$t Jlrt'U try pro,•td, .. u~. to ~ a
the
Not until the Buffalo Socialist took up the fisb.t and'"··-,·-;::·:-·
t he t'Ofd))lele a tidnits of Mr. Jone~~ and Mr. SkinDe.r,
warda prdled t he callt' with th'! Distrid Attomey; aad the
i n eourt did the bra,·e and toura(!'OOua eapitalilt prea eoru
frorw. Thru weeb -.i.s 11 hmg ti1ae to be u1eep whtn there it
~
.
:··;·;,·;:o·
",;:;. --: . ·;;:!;: .--:c:. ·:. ·::.::;··:~;; ~<•
-~~~ ;f.;~:~.~=~ ~;,;~!::
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
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University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
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Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-01-10
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-01-10
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n084_19140110
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n084
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9a594ede158bcb5ee21f024516664258.pdf
ad129cfc406fbddd10b26c434089d3fc
PDF Text
Text
~T_J;~~
JIUPPAL9 soaAUST ON
~!-TI'In'ISTANDII .
~YTO
IP IT IS
1,·
YOUR
.IA111RDAY.,_-
Vai.D-No.13
72-.KILLED
.84
~. JP'l'JON
PIRES I'II!XT 10EI!Jt
BUPFALO, N.
Y. JANuARY
!X.-
3, m4 ·.
•
MOYER~ SHOT AND 'KIDNAPP·E·D
-- PROTEST~
Citizens Alliance of
-,Calumet Run Riot
MEETING FOR CALUMET STRIKERS CHARITY fAKIRS IN COURT
,.. MUST ANSWER CHARGES
Sunday, Jan. 4th, at 7.30 P.M. ..
�MANt: f ACTI'\U·:1C
207 N orth 4th St., Brooklyn , N. Y
E. WEDEKINDT
";:
noood••
m:.:,·~ ;:~~ ':,~'::·h;:.'~J.,
UNDERTAKER AND I'UNl!lt.AL 'DIRI!CTOR
.:~;.nf~:':,:j
N o. $ WA I.D B N A VBN V B
la b<J r , ur ,..,. t l"'J
t... wumen
a ud ehlldr<·n In IIU on otiiM.~ r~·· turl ~u r
•"'""•""""
lf )'O IIION\uold"'!!; (ur t he un\unma4 e
p rudu<·l we h • • r if . <m rm<"l n
~te
bl!l n~e:
" IFITIS UNION ·MADE. WE HAVE IT"
·AtDellet·Eeitung.
:The Dilly a-u .-paper Ia dw .... oalillde ol l f - Tor\r; 0Q', Npre-tl.q- t be iii•I"Ml 0( tale Wofldq ClaM. -10-M
Oflb, 315-317 " ' - Sbut
M
Y t.1ullu!tare dMlinl't\tomM!tthel'l'
q nln! maot.u l m,.nwho•t!flllthebrn
Ill<>
TR\"dh·"
tori-.-.
• • &Hole, N. Y.
DEPENDABLE SERVICE ·
~~ ... ,t,j,.
MAZUCA ....... .
63 1 Mul n St.-- t
"Clothes That .Are DUfer"ent' '
You can clcpcnd upon Bdllndividual Uno
T ekphone ScrvlU.
You s!mply know that in an~~ will
be rca'dy to""";y your voice to anyone who
rondcr aid.
.,.y
/'-.
W IMOUII.y T.,.. o t M <»eo w
COLU M BIA AND W HITB t.n. Y T ltAS
"'"'''""":,· · . : . 'C;::,;: -.CC .. :C:·c
i08 W I LLI.AM ST.
Both PbooH
in
"'ntt.•r <> f
~l••fL•I••Wf••• C.......,&~"'•••• :~!";~~~1:"7~"n~" l"'t"'o~·
~m•n··ipa to•
'
When your telephone Is the ooly tdepbonc on
the'Ccntra!Oificc 1Jne. lh= Is no delay dlliu
lou t
Sole Agent for Ru as lan lmJX)rted a !omu
or not,
th •
acnd!na' or r<edving mesaqes,
TbcCIIII ol
th ~ mtoel "'• ·
~lJac T.,._.
Servk:o:•cantr• '"'-*•cl.lr-
Union Gas Burner Go. ;;~~~~~r.~u~;;·:~~~~
lb.uiP~s-b.._
Telephone our Commercial Ol£icc !01' port!.
culars to day.
369 Ellicott Street
"Great t•Aieu " "<' rt' tak e ll to b.-raid it
Arr ohl i og to tbe Japa11 Ganlle, a •d d<'ly bt'fort' i1 ma•le it~ &fll'e1lrauer.
New York
;~~:·.;~~~;~~~~~-:;I~:~;~g::~:~:-~~ :? ~~~~~~~~~:,··::.:;~::;:~:,:r:i:::~-~ ~-~~~
Telephone ·Co.
himHlf unol,.r 11 train 'D limf' Ita• ljllllf" I!~· wbru J>r<lllie rou i.L llf'
out~ki rt 1 of Tokto.
,....,.,.,, or e•·en intrrt"111ed by tb,. t imf'
I
:l.li11d •ou r bu1i11c.'M'
Of eourw
:~~~~:~[~ ::::g~~~;::;::~~!~~~:~~~ ~%~~1:=~~~i;:ii ~;~ '
•~•~• •; •• '•-m•
hr -uul•t
~ "~'
,.f',omo•u ''" rrom ro•·e· to .. o,·er.
are IKI full
uf
u.
mia·ll<"noeltl&
lh·i"G· 11001'11 .. o·, your auion
mur b .. ,.our.elfr
&ll
~oM"--,···•1I!·~~::?~':~~-~~·:t•:S~~~\~r~:;~;i~~·~;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;~
::~~::.~~~~~:ii:~~I:~;: ~f~~il::~:I~~.~~t~?!~?E'
•·ery title of
tM
m&J:ninf',
p rodu~tio11
of eriml11allf
Cau..., " b 11 fal,..bood.
If people ""P@III ia l'nl~li~eo """"I ....-.;,. , ;,,.·''"'""
brol!nralled .. ;.h•'J:I~Ial Prh-i. tu<ll6 iMreUI!! l ll r t!im~u ltin
LOUI S M A ISEL
;,,..;,Ill,.,
Otl Ct•t••·
c.,,.,,.
••.,c.,u.... ·. c.,.,.,..s-.
.s-.-•. .,.... ,.,.....,••,.,
96&·96 1 RROADWAY
6, •VJ'II e l 'pfitt Oog,'' tb r titl r
IIC'en •~e ur..,.e .
good ; 1 ·ma:r do •ill •e·
•
\'
mo•·emeat.
u it tell• tbf' tn<th aho11t
itt r~adeu wi ll IH' fa•·orahly
t uup:le ftn Ntl•tanre for
Dot .tbe b111ine.. of the onn..,
ened to 0\'1- ~n~eb i>r.etlcnf
T hr f act it l ha t \DOUrday-a
e~>o:.! ot e•·ery maD. deJ!fn.lt oa
many ·o)her mea, ud the
iaadioa of u..e may be of
queneetotbe • eJI.bf:ingof
it, there fore,.., • ...,. ~•"'•
P•! th e eloJe~t alte ati oo t o
t6oclitioot of .oei.al life •bleb ;~"'~"" 1•"';:;~.,.::.•;:~:•:.
OV RCOATS
H its an OvercOat you
want right in price, right
in motcrW, right in tailorinr, right in fit, iU
hue at
$10$12$15
T depbom B.Udmr
Olu;rd, &. Frank.li:n Stnets.
BULLETT'S SHOES
U nion Mad •
HAVE A REPUTATION
THEIE'8 A IU801
With our enonnous out..
combined \dtb. our
. put,
cheap u~tain
n:nt, "''ea~
a
position to gi•e
\•alues that can·
not be duplicated
elsewhere.
�'~be Autom• rlc TelepbotieTbe Pcrle et lotJ~oT~dtl'bo•r
- A Gna t
Jlod~ra
P•clll •r ·"
$160,000 7°!oPREFERRED ~TOCK AlREADY SOLD
Bccau~ of the continuing demand sinct: th~ dose of o ur sale of $ 160,000
1%
Pr-ef~rro
Stock, the Oin·ctors Of the Fetl era i" Td~phont" & Telegraph Compnny ha"e ,-otC'd to
se:l l the remu inder of the $290,000 issue nuthori:ted bv the Pu blic Suvice Comm ission
,.,- to be sold nt not less than 1100 a shan·.
·
The recent decree of t he Attorney General of the United State!', whi~h opens to us
u nrntricted fncilitit'S fo r Lo ng Distance scn·icc, will cause thi~ second i ss u~ to goeven more rapidly t han the first.
WITH THE INSTALLATION OF T HE AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE
SYSTEM OUR COMPANY WILL HAVE A VASTLY SUPERIOR
LOCAL SERVICE.
BY THE RE~:r GOVERN.MENT DECREE OUR LONG DISTANCE
SERVICE WILL BE UNIVERSAL
.
THINKING PEOPLE CAN vERY READILY SEE A WONDERFUL
FUTURE FOR THE FEDERAL T ELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH
COMPAN¥.
fh is stock is full paid, non-nsRssablc, di\·idt"nd paym~nts nre 1~a i~ qu<trterly, Ft'IJ.
~!.t:~ ~dJ~~~~~·h:~~~~;~~i~o~in~st:fo{; 1~"-h year, For subscnptaon blnnks apply
Federal T~lephone &
Tele·g raph Company
Corner Church and Pearl Streets
BUFFALO SHOE CO.
S E N E CA AND E L.L.ICO' l l 8'1"8 •
.Jolla Ro•kl•
~a di n Cl11b
Up.cbvta ' "·
W'n llllllll ....•.
Bl Dumide.
B UI Sy~
BdD.io (U11io• Mado}.
ti'.~~~~~\~:~~~U('bo~o~J!~~j. -~
Lord BaltiMo re (Ualo 11 K W)-1011
~=r,;i~;: ~-~~ ~6i·~p~;~~~JE.,o.
'"'~"" I
ood
known,
• bmw
be i• bo
tr.-ated
m•kHu h;an
, out~ut.
Tb c worlol ia h.-autilul f or all hut for
bim. ('ultur~ <lo.-1 11111 ~~iJI for him.
The ,.·orult'rfu l ao b ie,·e•nenh of H iC IIU
.. ,,] tb e glo r iou~ olevDtin~r pro<lurtion•
of Jit+'TIIUrf' and art P~H't IIJ'J>I'&i to 1
bim . H i• ]if<' i• an endlr~o.~ <ltu,lgery 1
to him uotil tlcatb nt• bim f11·e Dnd
relien·o bi111 of bi~ uM!IP"" l if~, 11adeu
lb!J~~n.u .......
/
IJIIEI! ThloC.:...pooroodlor 50c.
YcwantT(I<.Itotrr• pdr of tho.:
~
Buff.alo Sboa.
P~Pt t hilcoupr:m
falo Shoe
·ab,and
Co.
tothe Bnf·
befOI""e Jan ua ry
hwl\lben!d eemed~&me
u&oeeau In mou"y ouaoype.lr
of Bulflllo8boeo.tordT1!1Morwurk,
ur tG.OO. Oue
0011polltoth.. p•lt .
Not good afte r J a o. 7th, 11114.
Not roue! 011r..M B• rglliu!:lhoea.
N laa"a .. WaterprootOo..niHI.eed
Double W11ar Sole• uu eve ry pair.
fjUO.~. • O,to\,00
!000 pair Men's $4.00 all
solid Wi>rk Shoe3
$2.45
Sizes 6 to J2. Niag.Va Waterproof SOles on every pair.
No ~ at this pri:a after these
a re sold. So be quick to ret t his
l;ii' Shoe Bare:aln.
s .. ~un:l at Nl g lou Uct\1 10.80 o'eloell: .
.........'""
UQ,l. PHOfl&, HOWUD ll"·R
Jol.eph Wuts
l!!lA.MPLE ROO M
~ .,~
.&If'-·-
c.,.,.._ n~··1u .~n .a m"!:~.":..e:: !~~r:,. lo
1.e es S..ii•J Avenua.
~~: ~:~~~"d•l>~ :"!.:"~~~:!~"~<!
AIICH-IUPPOITIIB BHOEB ~:~;;::;,•·:~ .~~:,:!''
MADIS TO ORDBA
J. f, ICIIU' 1111, !!!!Will.
•••""
PATERSON
�P\JIIUSHIID 'W11BKLY IJYTHa
BUFFALO S..~ PUBIJSHING COMPANY .,: '
:.
a--l
60U05 M.lual ut. hlldl:q:
MUTDI HZlSSUUl.. P.-...
A.ddr.. 604--605 McshW lJI. 8uUac
Sut.atptioa Prb $l.eo,.,.,,so.: •
Eae..d ·.. ~
. BUPPALO, N.Y.
PltAJQt ~. T W.P.C4n.Lt. .......
~YTVTTHIU... ,a--p
BUPPALO. N. Y.
..-.. ,.,-.w.m.actnac.,
ma._ J-5;~·
~91l. at bpall: olflcl •IWirJa. New Ycd.
uadertbii,Patllucbl.JI79
SATURDAY, JANUARY 3, 191<
WE DON'T FORQET
["uder t lw eaption of "Lest We Jo'orget." the Sil.Jda~· News gives
ll ~UII.f'Uftl~
lht' I'OIIIlitiOII of
po\'ert y Of 8 hnudred ftunilies ·ill
thr" o· u y w ho u eo•d chn r ity. Rllll
that th ere are huutlred11 more
to
dire
1 18\eK
tnu·.
cc·:·-:··• "' ..,··--: ••" ••• "·'
l ikt• th t·m .
1!'1
\\" o: knuw t hH t tlti11 i11
1111tl w e also know th at th e News
l'lnrul.<> fo r a [oOiitit·ri l p11 rt ~· w hit·h "t riiH,Is fo r c:api tnli Km. ThL;,ce p oo r 1'
t•t>up[,. ~rc tltt·
of n _~;y sto·m of so<'idy whic h
t o pro•·itle
I
t lwm wr th tho· IJ Jt'l\111< h_1· whu·h tn •·Hrll H li v ing.
Tht•n· iii 110 Utit' \\"HH tiu g pnges in td lirrg o r t•fTI'd ll whl':n
cnu"'· i" known.
•·ictillt!<
f11ils
Arl' you wo rk in)!" t
Thiuk~uf
it - un tltinl!" t Q o·ut b(•cllll til' t lw ro • is too 11111Ch.
VERY FINE RELIGIOUS SENSE
\\"hc u it t' OIJlo'S \0 ll!lilljt rd igi011 ll.'l Hll l.':lC USt: 0;: fl Cloak.
o f t ht• ('hn r ity C'omruittd' of rlu· l 'hnmlwr of
•l r•1wrn•11 to ~n t o th e h enri of tlu• cl!u;.,;_ W h r n eonfrontl'd i,, ,,.,, , ............... ,
l u!-.k o f hr i11 j!i lll! tit•• •· harit~· fn ki't1; to time wh om tht> o·o tmnitkc 1
Ll'w is
!'umuwr•··
:.i0:r1~:~;:~:~::~itt;;::~~:,;~~·;.l~:::~~~;~~:~;:::~•:~~;~~~~::~l)e~~~;; :~~:~:·~r ~f:::
oli :~~~ ~~~~~!:!n·~~!,~~t
I 'ut holi<". nm l il wo uld look hn d if I w(• r e to prdt·r c: hnrg l"~ aga inst a <lt!!! lrn..-•r.
Prol:~:.;.n~l,i!n;~lll :~:~it~:l~·,:,
::"!"'"'
The
ri:;~r::t:~:~
i
· r
01 1; nf rlw li" HJH' into wh io·h t lt <>y h!tl"l' 801111a
1
thinkir11d,1· phmgo•d th• •mrwlvo·ll. u·il.l
mott o of till'
of inbe rf'lll we•kal"N
r "ll tllllt o·n·t>. lu
lir~ t t>lllct• th• • C hn;}yll'r 0\'l'rlllt:>ppeol it.relf in tak· The bonae will hll ._.• ...., ·
t~ .~the
thl'
Chamber
I.
;:;~ n1r1 ::.,::;:;i~~·;r,: ~~~-~:~~;Jr1r•::~i:~:-h;~~i~H;~~~~~~ ~:·~;::::itD;~t:i.~l~a~i~~~rn~y ~~~~.,:~:~~!:~";~;,;11:111~!3 upoa
Wh11t righ t lut" th e l ' ht~mbt:r or Co mrn ert·e to sr·t it11df up 8& dte tlltor of tlw duariti c~ of
C it~· o f Buff~lo ! D id t h e f'hnmbe r C\"Cr
huv•• u11 u••• ·ourrt in~ uf th t> mou e~·" eoll ecte1li
Di1ltlw t 'haml"'r of ('onmwrcr <' l" t.'r irrn-stij.!K!I· 1111)" o f th e r hariwh io· lt it endor11ed !
•
If it dit[ l ht ll wh y didn 't it withdruw its f• JH)on;l'lll l' lll of lh t'St
f rnud11 f
.
Tit !' 1111111 nru l t<!lh~tll n CO' of tlw who[,. Rffair i11 that tht> so-ea ll ed
hr11in.\· hu si llt'Ss nwn hun· J' TOI"I'd to J,. 11 lot of onlinsry •luh11. ;
11 rH inow thut tlwy nr•• iu u ii:x liT•· n lt• ·mJ•Iing to h id e \wh im\ t ht.' o·loak
..iro·lic:ion
.
If 11 l'rntl'~ lnnt for ( "ntholio·l wn r k inl'( m An 011 s t r ik e for ft little
mor•· WIIL'o·ll. (lr nut uf wor k . wl'r•· tn lw c nu~: ht ho·l!:ginJt fo r n hit••
thl'
tit·l
l< il-.'
:.·~ ·;~ 1~ 1 ~li• ;·;,~~:~~·; ,:·. ~~·;t.):~';;,,~:~t ,:;r 1.,::::;, 11 .1~·.:~··~::;::;::: ~~~~li~:.~::~t'.e' '' ",".."';·.,,,. l eo::::.'~,. ~~··.~:":,:"';.:;;!;. ::•"." ·"' ·'" 1
himt o .iuil
It ~n i ts tlu· r'l un nl"'r of
l'ontnu·r•T to ntuk•• this I'Xcuso•.
Th t· Uo!lllt'."- h p•· •~ s ll t't.'t'l·ded in hrin!ring about a eoudi~on in the
[:Lho r murk o•t wh ich tlw~· d l'Kirt>-8Urplus l11bor . Now let's tak e th e
tl\\"ll t- t>ihi p of the johs nw11y from th em.
OETTING .ENOUQH COMPETITION
Thus•• lou t< incAA u ..·n. eeo no mi11t.l sutl r(Jiiticiallll who prate -•·--·• , .. . .... ~ .-''''.'""'~""""
w11 ntin g !Jit•nt,\· o f corupet iti ou . including President \\'i111on. who
prt'SIIt'!i !lu· hnp•• to ro: turn to that biCI!IIed l!tste as he lllt)"l in om ,;·,:-,_, -;,-:" ..
"" :-:tow Frt>•·• lo111 . .. huv i' !lo uwthint: to t hink over in the eaae of the
J •rt·~s t·ompHIIi c~ 1111d t he pnreel post .
\\'h pn il •·ow es to eonopdi ng it nppeara that the U nited
Govc rmncm ;,. u mu d1
•-ompetitor than th e
r:o•nut ope r ated fo r prolil. It s hoW11 thflt big busineu
<i ul'l ec [ by !hti>ello·r und c hea pt! r than by a pPi.\•ate
tion .
·
•
'-· ''""'· "'·'-""'-'"1
1<.-ttrr
pl'opl•·
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1914-01-03
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914-01-03
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n083_19140103
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n083
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
72 Killed -- Moyer Shot and Kidnapped
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/481a4523f59b567a07ef0abe6fb36049.pdf
f68404f44ba95c3389306fd700bfc104
PDF Text
Text
EOOK:ATTIII!-al
YOUKAOOUSIAE.
IP IT IS
88
YOUR -SUIISCIIIPTJOI' IDtPIRISJIII!IIT,_
..:Price T..., C....
YOIJJNttERS:O(AMERICA- .
r, ··sTARVE CHUDRfN._,AT_
.HOME IN·NO~m EVANS
T.,.; Slices of Bread Conatltute~ .Meal for Children
Plaacl In their Care - Say Gonners 15 a. ClieaJi
"Three Dollar ·Man"~ List of· Eaay Ones to
"Touch Up, Shake DOwn, and KeepAway From"
Alwa,ys pn Hand::...ct..,mber of Commerce FUW!y
NATIONAL CHILDBS DAY /
Of SOCIAUST PARTY
Fitting Olebration Will be Given by Branch One
School of Social Science on Sunday Evening,
December 28th - School is Accompll.shlng Great
Work Among·Children.
·
W~Up.
CHARITY COLLECTORS MUST BE
FORCED TO SHOWWHAT.THEY
DO WITH CONTRIBUTIONS
WILL SEE ITS HNISH-
FIRM Socialists Will ~ thatili. Famous Hoodoo is Put
Under for 100 Years -
Broadway Auditorium ,
Willl be Place of Attraction on New Year's 'Eve
-"Dusk to Dawn" Will be Given - Dance the
Old Year Out "-Ed the New Year In.
�~~~~::t~:·.;~::~~~~Ji~,b~ ~~~!l)"~:ti:. 1111p
Yon ..-on'tplay oo{be eue.t, wbenf'moo!JIIabeat,
t
~~:e J:,'i~·~ ~~:f.~
~~
C: .•::rv!r;: ~·!:_e;,ce.J,
be doa t ~11 111 w hat >t wbf~ we e1111 J!b.7·
,
E. ·\YEQEtoftPT
UNDI!RTAltD. AND PUNI!RAL DIRI!CTOR
5
W~l.D .RN A VBNUR
t"•
"Oit out/ ' yelb
maa wb e.a ... kick )It, ub-u n,
Thea beo:lllla llll vllt toui be,aa' vlllaiiUiaa' ro~:~,U,
An ' anl•iflaald would kaoek motberdo•n• dead.
We ru a &II our mlg bt, to ,.et oat of lllb lli.gllt,
An ' bumJ~ ial o pMple wko kick 111 awey,
AI' growl, but dOll 't liiOIItiOII I plue - U.l play,
~. ~!~~:~£•i~£~~~i~~:1:Z c~ri~~~~,!!,i;' ~
~:~e::~·-~~~~~"
RAY C.
o,.,.
h111n•1
c..~,c~."'"9 u"M'O'~~«•
1484 IE.UlE:ST.
Big Brot hers ot oo.~rs, we waot to do rifh t,
Bu t try u we wi ll , it 'a a li ard, " l'h"-1 igbt..
Wt''d ratht' r jday ba ll ·l n a place • here wed1rr.
Th an 1kulk oea r a ~o me r 111' Kim ble 111' • • ear.
We'd ..tber d im' lad def'lla ll ' a~t o11a ba r,
Tllan dod~&J>Olite man ' r han g on a ear,
l t'• up to you, Brotb era, tome, J•le..e do11't delay,
Bu t e~~tahliab a ]>la ee whore Ill fello'll'a e&ll play:
631 M ul n Street
H. F. P1ENNY
-.1
W IS&Ot.zk y T ee O ( M OIICO W
001-U r.UUA AND WHITE L.U.Y TEAS
M't1 ~1f.,.,~ .. 91f·"'~ c,,.,~Nndrnu~&a! WILLIAM ST.
.
:~;,"o~";,~~.\;;~~ ~r ~~~~;:!··:·f ~~~··
SOL. KISSIN
Botb Pbooel
1
~- • - · BoHo.lo,N.Y.
®
,'t';::•
""''N
T elepbone Service... .
There's ""'
:!';, ~~·!~:::t....•i:h ':~.. ·
...
~,\7!;~~1 ":~u:~;~~;·' ;~~~ :'::t~~~-~
::',g~~~~facllltl<s
a re in
, .'
lnH~til!• l io n
or
Socialist N~oos Depot :~·:l~~:~~:j7i~fi£'~T~~~~~;:,;;~~i:;:~!
for ,.
.,._tb&r:lpatt,-..IID£-mu,
r•l that ~ ~l""'ia l ~ommittM" 1><! aJ.oiuted
'" in•· r •lt Jo:Mft' hi' hooko. T hi~ m<>ti On ·
of -th e
that
line
Tb(c:oatt."oo!,. . fnrClalot.•
Ask for particulars today.
wu nrri~•l in ~ p it~ of thP OJ>pooition 10:.,:.,;;· ~ .......... .
o f the x ang
rl"~u ll
tdiphone
Doesn't that ouggat comfort, convenlence
and security? Doesn't k ounat Wlddayed
'"
hi~t ur.•· of thf' town :\latthf'w ~·. ll afe•.
~lr. ll a_,..., "'""" 1'11'<'1<"<1.
At n town
lnffli"~ rf're otly h••hl a numl"'r of hi ll •
w ..
... err OJ'I""""'l h~· !hi' l:!orialiot•. Thr riali~t
Thl'
big p<fl!ljabout thla -
should appeal to you - one
for your adu.sfve usc..
·
Su<:iah•t atJ<Iitor. !.... ..-~ .
~~'; ..':;i~;,r,..t;!1,'~,-;; :,',~'~t~
.JOE BELL SERVICE FOR THE NEW YEAR
Among other things you ';,ill want the beat
there is in Bell Service - Individual Une
,.
1
1 '~a ~~~=·~a~~ .c:c; · ., :' : · :: •• :::.··
o•onlr<>llt•ol tooth th~
]'L<hhrau J,.rt it"• and
::~~:
Union Gas Burner Go. l~~}i~;;;~;~~tl~::~;;~;: .~ ·
369 Ellicott Street
-ttar~m...ofU.Wortta~Oia&-IOo..•to.l...-
You will want the · ~ cverytl>ln( for
your home durinc the New Yur.
lee Cream and Soft Drinks i A f,,,.t .~ .. ~~ --:-:rr.. ir• h~• !we n
637 \~:_:;~•e•,•~ d ~~~~~ fo~W~t0 :'hnnel ! ~;:?'t:h:ll~~~~~~~·~:.~;::~ht·£~~~:~0;~ ~~~
Sole Age nt tOr Ru ae lem lm po rl.ed
. Jrr(Jnter~:Bettung.
:,TM oa11 O..U .....,.,_ Ia &M .... oalldde ot If.,. York CIQ-, rt>P"-
Wby,you 'dnre. r and mak ~beta,a .. •amok.edga roltt~~ ;
You'd p111blea n ' Jgbt ,an ' t bro1f atoonjuat f or 1pi te.
You'd t ry to l h·e downto tlw! na111et y ou were oa med!
Au' yoo.~'d lie, witb th e gaog; witbout ·f ffii ll ' u hamed.
' 'Clothes That Are Different''
W!.oleo!oolea nd Reta ll l>er.le rln
we go
If you were a·l:ad, dldn ' t ;meatl to be be.d,
Ha d 1111 pl.ee to meet, u cept Ia the etreet,
N'o pl ate to play ball, ~, " taner " a t all,
l\o 1liare j u1t to-y ell, wh en ;r ' ur f N iia ' real well,
!\ow, llo ne.t ant\ trae,wht on earth would yo 11 do l
~1ARTIN
~ 111;1. llllllirllnciiJ
::t::t:: J::.:':;~:lka!~~~,
~ ancl•u'*'rlbe fbr the
,..,.,.,_· .:c·_·co;:·...o::.:·
NEW. YORK TELEPHONE COM.PANY
~ .. n, miu~ .. wa• ""hmil!ed to '"" ,..,Jecot
wee kl y ""'"· Thr ft>llo.-in~.: l'lrt,..rt from lhl"
pe.r\odlca la.
ll~i•tol Pt.el'• of lle<"tmh<'r 11th, Hill,
APPEAl. SUB C ARDS.
,..,11 ~ hnw df'ar ly ..-hat follo"·.,.J:
l" ninn (}ood1
' ' 1'1"' "f'if'ctmrll on Tut"o<ift)" 1D1t\C R
nm m ldll•aa. ~~:~:~ 1 1 '.'.~~;;~1,.."~ ~";~;~~T~~i~~~~;"":~;
Dally Socialist Papers
•
h ll line ol mo nt hly and
1u 1'"""'
0
,..!;~; ~;,.:!·l~ ..~rWd. cp~~'s':~ 1 1 ~;:"t~·:·~~; ~~;~~~!"""".'"in hi~
ZEBOLD BROS. CO.
~""-"0........1<
a.,;{,:;;~i";...
:!".).!~·;";;:··· o~-~1,1 ·
IU
B.ULLiTT'S SHOES
a~~onnt
1';;~~" '"~~:
Un.lon Mad•
hnok •. tlo.,~· "·n~ unnhll! to J.!l'l a hal
!:~:::; ;;·~·::..:~~~~7::t:: ;~~···~~:;~:;::F~:::;~,?~~~x~=::~~~~~i~~ ~~~:. ~~,/.:~~~o~~ca~:i; :: ,·om·
nW. E.lllt St , cor. Jruklll. 1111111,
n.Y.I "",'~~~:::~.•.:;,;~'"u~~: ..~nle:~::~inn
thr
;~:,•;;:- ~~~~~;..,~m;,~~Y•:"~:e~
i
~~¥l~~~ liljft~ ~~i~f'
OVERCOATS
If its an Overcoat you
want right in price, right
in material, right in tai·
loring, right in fit, its
hen: at
$10$12.15
and bears the Unlon
label. whkh guarant=
you correct !it and honest
workmanship;
Suits and Men's i'urnishlnp . aJso.,
THE EtiTEIPRISE
, T'W"O 8'l"'B.Bl8
'J91•19J 6t...tt St.
IJOO 3tfftru• St;
anol the a mount a eame in till thf'n
~ad •·ai11
c:::·"·.."·.-::·."e::;::::fou n<lnowappueft tly$6,1:!1)..-hiehb•a
'-" <'Oil~ h!•\ "'"' not tur11r<l over to :::c;:. -~:.::;::ce .:.-~- ·.;":.:
thf' to•·n trr..uro• r. T h•••iecllnenhave
~;!. ~~~;~~it~lw!...b;~r:t~...";~\:"{.,~~
fo r Mr.
Ba rn~
.
;;•::: ~i;;:;~~:~~:i:;:~~~~ ~;:~~~~~i~~~·:,:~~:::~•
lbrnu.::<_:·:;.o;;·:·:;·::::·:•
ha•l been la1
II
:~:''1 :\lr.
a numbtor
01
is ,toe
Soeiali1t •el KinLn and
So<'l&li•t Town Audito r
work t bat t bey h.,.e, doue l
about tbe in\·et~'""IIID •tlllat
tbedi....,vel)·of th i••hort a le.
f'talilt f'arly or P1ymo11t h and
•·ille havn 14 elected ollielala i
tO\tll and 'j U f' lh l" J~ond v- rt,.-. I n
lJw, IIIN" IIoa of Ot: tobe r, 11118, t he Re.)tibllt U I eurle.! t he tow11 w1 t11 tt
plllTilil y of 18 over t be Soc:l•;li•la.
HAVE A REI>UTATION
THEIE'I A IUBOI
With our rnonnous out..
put, 1 combined with oar
cheap upttaira ;
rent, we arc in 'a
positiOn t o give
·values that cannot be duplicated
clsewhcrc.
�. ·
NE·W ~ YEAR.'S E~
4tl ANNUAL ~SQUE AND·CMC BAUt .
., •. OF...
.
LOCAL BUFFALO SOCIALIST PARTY
••• AT THE •••
a ·ROADWAY "AU-DITORIUM
} P&rk ·knd . . Admission, 25~Cents
Spedai Attraction .:.: ''FROM DUSK TO DAWN!'
soaALIST MOTIO~ PICTIJR.E IN .FIVE REELS
.. . . .
BUFFALO SHO.E. QO •
.A&TBUS
on.a,.
1n
of U.
D"Ff1lnor
..Jeb
BuilD ...•.
Cu•d.iaaCI•b
IJpKinltaU,
rr&.lr.ll• ,,,., ..... .
J:l Ha•l•• • . ....
BUI N11 ..•...•••........... 5e
e":?r!i.~:i;; ::E
LoN &JU.Ore {Ual.oa
Kw\e }.l~
~~~·:: ::~:::·.k· ~·~d·:g:
··~eak Pla.la CUppJep Tobacco.
lbJJ Odin ~ Dell""'-
UNION HATS
Union Print Shop
AT YOt,n:\ 8.ERVJOE
THE QUALITY PRE88
43-t.SCoalaDdlrooRL
~
TIJE
'
.
AT
~tf2.00HatVeiUIOIIE&rtb
1JII.DmaiotrSt.:Ht. llaill.'lfallli l'lfltMSt..
ORIN K
IRONWINE D~trcit Cun(b
u:c.ellent. Prica mod.t:ratc
Strd&l JltrntiM 1o tadtn
83 W .. Chlp~wa Street
Queen Gity Gandy Go.
WHOLESAL E
CANDI E S
808 WIL.L IA..M STREB:T
Beli,Bo• . l818-lil
.1/$k C,f
Caplei'S 1ct Cltitm
pou
·..,m rrrmmhr tbf
"'~"'
Pllllflll: Bell, Howe,.. 14, Fro"1'-r2!504
A..lcle ,.. ., F-tier 21481
tift Jlnuu.l ' "
w.n ... hMrn
HDUIEI, ILOCIE CD.
Pun•ral Olregtor•
c-to..t=a::.-:~~
. 07 -IL.L..IAM .... . ....... . h u . - - • r
.;...
-minute
up to $20.00,
'$e.so~
1111 IITFITTUS
TilE HQIIII ·~
Onion Label ClotUa&
,..!''-''·
�PUa.tMIED -..mtLT trY TKll
)!UI'l'~ soCwJsT
~G
PRurx. ~
taaall TVTTKIU.. .__.,
.
T..t--
W, I'. ·CATTKLL. . . . . . .
~60f.60511aitu!L&Budd~D.(
~ Pra
COMPANY
BUJIP.Al..O.. N:Y.
60W05 llc6il U. .......
I&AaTIII' HmlaUIIt...........
.
BUJIP~N..Y.
sUo,.,..,.. a_......., ,W,.w.ta.._
~·
lb...-
a.r.t"" ~ _..... J-'5. Jti:Z. ill
ci1b at lhdWo. Nnr York.
...xrtmactoiM...:bl,U?t ·
The husirw~<.~ men hu\·e !wen ple~Hling with t he ~e\\.. York
fo r twt· nty.fh•c Yf'HNI to ~et 11 new 1;1111ion.
might hn,·c to
o,·er till we gd lht' Sot·inli Ht Commo nweal t h.
"'e
THE CHARITY FAKE
T hnt tht· o·xpo11t· or th t· 111•lwming crook11 or th e Yohnueers of
whidt nppo·ur••d iu t he Buffnlo Socialist las t week, c~ntc d
i ~ pnttin~t it mi ltllv.
Fraud of thi,; kiuti' lmli hh•n carrit•d on 110 lOIII-! unde r the name
.\~no·r it• H.
st tr.
;;
·:~~~~ilt\~:~;,·:,7.~ ~:"'d::;;~~~ r::':\::.~~:~~~:·r~·;:·~;.;'',~.:~~~·~ti~il~:~n","' !;;;;;;.,,;;,_
~~~'\ 11 ~:.~~~- PHf'll'l's ol·cn.lid it!ll!lf editurially in praisiuK _ th i~ outfit
Ev.rr.t· other pHpt·r in this cit_~· luttl tlw ~ltutt' iuforn{ation on
l'ill l•j •·~·t. hut for rt·Jutons of tlwir own remHi1wd 11ileut-\Vhv ! I n
<'ll >'e Of twu Of !he ll!, tht')' Wt•rt• nfrHi.J to thru\\" ~ \OIIIl'fl f;,r
hrl'akinJ,: up th eir own good t hiujr
Tht• C hu mlwr of Comlrwrct·. 'with its w i11e busine-'\11 men
pert e xploih~ r'A. prOI"t•ll 1'81!,\' IIIO I H-Y Fo r tht· fei!O"I'i'll with tp"e i
IOiljrllt'"i. 11 hud l(in•n 0111 ('lltlo r ~enu·nls to thest' people. no
the pn rpo...e t1f ]Piling th('lu ..o!ltet I(Ontls Hnd
from
,.Jus!! lllltl to url(nnizt· n ~~·~t •·w 1<11t·h us tlw
thl' Snh·ntiou .\r1n.1· in or1lt• r to rl'lif'l"••
1"•·•·11.•· tn ti lt' IIUJ']U\r\ of tlw l"idimsof
II)'Sit:'m
1
'o
~o~·,l,'! ~·~·~ '.:~~~~~ ~.:~i~ ~: ~~;~;e ~1~~':.r~.·~;\~:~\O:~ ~·i~~~~~~~ f~ rl~t~c ~
~:· .... ! r.:.::;:~ \;-;::;:;,·:~:· ~:,;~,;.:,;."
.•
e• I '.','.'.'
ltlld good!< froru lhl' pnnr ll"lH"kf'r!l, lt u t tht·y pnnlumdled businf'~!< 1 1
fnr •lonntiuus. llonlttionll of any \'tLiue w;•re Ufrued t o personul 1
loy Tht; lt:'ndt•r.<. nnd mouf'y 111\lck to th(·ir fi nge r. lik e [!'lue.
l'•·oplt• ha,·t· the gcuerul notiou that tlu~11e two or gAnia:Atioru;.
.1 tlnilll-! l(nml work for n dau of mt> n Kml won1en whom otht>n
nnt nlrf' to HSI!Ocint e with. hut sueh is not the t.:lllle as
Wl't'k.
It iB 1·t>ry lillie thA I ~et11 pa11t thes e 110-ealled 1 ·
the Gt•nr rul Booth family down, the offiee n; of th'C81!
uunle the~nse h·es rich t hrough thiR deeeption of
to the e:tteut or milliom.
,.
J.:,·rr:ndle r e l'oeinlists h1n·e s hown th r mocke ry of eh11rity.
wo11ltl not n.:,c d cha r ity if w~ were r ecei,• ing £>1•r n a fl'lir portion
whut wt• cHru. f'hnrity mHkes 1111 panren. C harity i~; gi1·ing us back
n portion of whut hHs ho:·cn stolen frorn 111. Charity j,; degrading and
pl a ce~~ th e r ec ipiPnt on n lowe r \e,·el th11n th e gil·er. Le t 1111 dean up ·
Hnd do llWII~· with the nee e~i t y of ehttrity uud ull t hese humbugs will
\l{'('ol!lt a thing of th e past.
·
.
. l .et us aboliRh th e l'll pit alis t B:'"Ste m with ib ex ploitation hy n few
to th(' detriment of llll tht ot h el"l!nnd es tHblillh in its pluee 11 civilized .. _., ..., •• ,,,.,..,.
·~~ iety, di'JI'anir.l-d nml manaf!'ed for tl1e benefit <lf..!!.l.
;,:·: ..::.;:. ··•.:;::We wonder if the new onil'f' of Cnmnlis.Rioner of Ch arities wi ll
hll\' t· t ime t o take up matte rs pertai n ing to that work. U it i.11 as l':fliciell\ as the Uonrd of IleH ith we mif!'h l as we ll abolish the office now.
WHAT ARE YOU KICKINQ ABOUT '?
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-12-27
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-12-27
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n082_19131227
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n082
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/4106b703dfb8d0701d46829f0e7cc35a.pdf
b5b81a1bbe75810a01435bc0f9769c2d
PDF Text
Text
-AI.p .IDCWJST Gl
SoUl! A T - STANilll
,.,._,A'ITO
Slrl'lmDAT -
VoL 11-No. I I
lllJPFALO. N. Y, DECEMBER 20." 1913
�UNION
~2'BB
'Finest ilf Buffalo ·
pU..l(.:=:';~-=a:=;s~;r:t#."-t.llap
oc::::::.: ::..,~wiD
..u :.:-~~!.~r.:~.::: ~~
MY ANSWER
'
..
ONE BELL· LINE,
JUST FOR YOU
'
u one of the oirgumenu that Individual Line
T ck:phonc Service advanc.es.
It's a service that b ~ in every way. It
allows you to call or be called at any time
day .,. nlght.
The cost is but a few cents a day more than
Party Line Telephone Sctvicc, too.
A.k our Commercial 'Offiee about Individual
Line Service today.
•'
You'll 'be interested.
New York
Telephone Co.
T dcphone Buitdinr
Church & Fr.taklia. Stra:ta.
BULLETT'S SHOES 'i1111tn:'"2;~;rr;;:; Ct)tzrl
lluthl"lllt!tl"l l.nuo::h 11:110to2:00
nW . E.aaltSI., cor. Jrultll .. B•lfalo, n.Y.
LOUIS MAISEL
.71/rlft'ltuY, 8ar~•ll, Oil Cii!IIAI,
, .K• .,,,. ;r.,,,. ,, A,., s~.
,.,.~,ut<~.-.,. · .c..rd-,.•
3,......
90~ ·967
RROAD\VAY
Union Mod•
HAVE A REPUTATION
THEIE'8 l IUSIII
With ou~ enormous out.
put, combined with our
chtnp upstairs
rent, wt are in a
position to give
values that can.
not ~ . duplicated
elsewhere~: . ..
�• • , AT~--- •
w~s-'oM;~; );~E"Mv. ~~.:Mom s.
Cbtdntsd~f €oi'g, Dtc. 24, i913 ;::
...
.
.
C Ar/61• •1
TICI ETI 26 CElT&• . '
· 130.00 In Prl -
c- .
'
I
Muac 'byWaihrsFuU~ra"
.... tube d~ bated. ·•
~
,J
-~
~
·• .
FOR SALE
7 % Preferred Stock at ·$100
a Share
·
T he Federal T d eplw(>upd T degraph Compan_j, in conriec;.tJ.on with
lts AutomaticTdephoacinsta""tion,
~
offers fo r the first time to the general
public, $ 160,000 of its 7S Preferred
Stock at $ 100 a" share .
·This Issue of 7% Preferred Stoc k
has recently been authorized-by the
Public Se rvice Commission of the
State of New York, to be sold at a
price not less th an $ 100 a share.
·
Great strength lies in large numbus of stockholder~
and preference will be shown the Small subscriptions in
allotting thls stock. Each stockholda will have a vote
in the affairs d the company.
·
Allottments of this stock: will be made Dec 20th,
1913, and payments on subscri ptions may be m:ide on
the following te rms: I 0% In thirty days; 25% In three
months: 25% In six months and -40% In nine months from
the date of subscription, or the full amount may be paid
at any time within this period.
P romln<nt bwiness men ol.thls dty have pledged
themsdves to. take. all this stock at par that b not sub.;cribed fo. by the gene.al public.
Subsc riptions for th is stock will be taken at the
commercial offices of the company at the corner of
c;::hu rch and Pearl Streets.
Federal Telephone
and Telegraph Company
Th~
WI~LAX'.S
Do your Oh1r l-tm as 8 )lopplnl( here a nd reoelye oOUBLE TRADINC
8TAMP8
all Purchases until X rnaa.
'!n
jewd ry for Lad i~. Men and Children,
Rings, Bmcc:le:ts, Bnr pins, Chains,
Scarf p ins, Cuff buttons, Etc,
""fimbrdlas in plain or rdnQ' hnnille:s, from
50c to $6.00e:ach.
K id GJo,·r-s }or Cadi('s and'"Mcn, from 11 .00
to $2,00 pair.
·
S' t>e:at e:r Coats for Ladies, l\le:n, Cl4ildren
and Boys, from 50c to $7.00.
All Chi na. and Glass wa re wlil be sold at
about HA L F PRICl;.
l\·len 's Arm Bands in· fnnc\' bu m t wood
box~ at 25c and GOc p3ir. ·
Men's fmlC) Suspender& in fancy boxe:!l
nt 25c, S5c, 60c and 75c pnir.
l\.'len's K~k\'\~a r in fancT Xmns boxes
at 25c to 75c.
·
Men~~ £0c~;9c~~~~. r$~ .s~o!~dcli~
Gifts.
Lndics and Me:n'11 fnncy .!!ilk and silk lisle:
Hose in fancy bous 25c, to $1 pair.
Ex:rRA SPECIAL
GOO l n,·erted Gas Manti~. n:gular JOe,
nt :)c, li for 25c:.
LudiC.!!. :\len's nnd Chi l d~ns H n n dkerchi~fs
in fancy boxc!; from lOc a box to $2.00
SPERRY GOLD STAMPS
WILLAX STAMPS
Redeem your Sperry Gold Stamps hc:re. We. bn c tbc rcdcmplioa station for the East Stde.
O P EN EVERY EVENING
·WILLAX'S
1268-70 Genesee St.
Comer Kehr
Opposite Cuino Thutrc where Dusk to Dawn w ill be pb.yed.
NEW :YEAR'S EVE
4tn ANNUAL MASQUE AND CIVIC BALL
••• OF .. .
LOCAL BUFFALO· SOCIALIST PARTY
••• AT THE •..
BROADWAY AUDITORIUM
Park Band. Admission, !Zs Cents
SpecW Attracti on - "FROM DUSK TO DAWN"
SOOAi.JsT
MOTION PICTURE IN FIVE REELS
Lll BAKER &CO.
353 .• Slllfl. -
Ul
·-
�P'U1IUSHaD 'WZBt.Y BY nm
BUFFALO S00AIJST PUBLJSHlNG COMPANY
u-,.o'!")
~Mutu&IUK~ .
MAllTINHIUSSLmt,-t
KalfaY T1JTTH1U.. s--,.
A1ktr.., ~Mutual ut. Bua4iPa
~ Pria $1.00
per .,_., 50c; .a
BUPFALO, N. Y.
PJUJCitaHRBJfPitDID,TW, P. CA.TTJILL. .._ .....
BUttALO, N.Y. ·
moatt., ,..,... ~~~~ --
411-•
~ u..::oock1&a matlcf J-S.Itll, at tbotpootoffb at BcdWo,~Yoit.
wdc:rtbeactolMarchl.II1'J
Thl' Kit• ~·! c·ttr •·ornpun~· i11 tulkin f:! tthou t put1i111[ up 11
1
on t ht Ottrdl' tl Tlwnt o: r prop(·rty. Wh11t '11 tltt• LI JOe of Jl11Yin~· out
c·oi n for th11t ~ it t' when it t~lreody own~ tht· C ity flail .
· ·
Thl• Jlrohl t> m IP.'hich tht• h i ~ o:itit>t~ of thiH country ha,•e on
ttl the ptt-H-t'lll mnlll t' lll is ''hull' to hom!<' the llllt!lllployeo:l.' ' ,
tlw pn.-'l'<elll .;yKh'l<l of IO()('iet )' is IIOIIIl~Whflt autiftUIIted wht•n
take cflte of ill! Jl,eo ple. • - - - -
L.AMB~STING
AMERICANS
\
&I lilt WOfli. u a f'Oiledo r lor a
" ..., Jo.ep)l P.. Robb, Soeial~t
IMW.yvr,•llll~
..duid :
rtaliT eoolda't Upeel a.aytllioa-
a' lou ""-111 witb tk prtfeuo·
111d · : aoo-putiua'' IJlWin
[ 'BIIIIIn!-"(lll)d-~poll·
1~.000
Mto
&Dd 14,000 "f'Otft II tb6·
f'Ood~te.l oaUer abe-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-12-20
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-12-20
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n081_19131220
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n081
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Charity Fakes Exposed
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/8dfd6a734bd89d9dd3f664d748014113.pdf
7b2b30cdd3819a95bdf8cb1b7ca340f6
PDF Text
Text
LOQI;/o.TTIII!-C.
YOUR ADDRI!IS I.ABI!L
IP IT IS
BUPPALO soci.wsT ON
5.\U! AT NEWS STANDS
YOUR~J!ltPIRI!S NEXT Wl!l!lt
1V1!DN1!11DAY TO
SATURDAY
Val. U-No. ao
•-"-
1BUFFALO,N. Y~DECEMBER 13,1913
Price Two Cents
�THE "ORDINARY" PART .ijf MY fAll
OVERCOATS AND SUITS ARE THHR PRICr~
Th~ ntn -ordln&tfJ>&rt of them couldn't be told Ia a whole 'pace.
pu.l(.:=:;~ald·-::-:.::;~~r#.fll.-.lllap-
But wb•t 1 would llll:e you to load up lu )"OW" old JimDI1·Jilpe of good
judgtmeo t U th\1;
teD 1QIII
luaa...,.of~fiiOI UWSbeU~•bowq tosbtTrui& ..W
&ba. Wedtldati .US DnW.applJ tbe OQ.a. Mil,_... Wow.
·
I",·e ato\l'.o. • ma rch on. my competllorl thl• aeuon In ou.e thlog, and lhat'l
Tb.s'JO'I
ll:lllltM}'iJv-l p&.
Qutfit No. l
l!y t"• ll and Winter O.rme u!a wlll~o-o down on ri!CIIrd aa the aebluemeut
ort.llor· mr.dt, l}p l.o•efaahloulogatprlwlne•erbfo:Joreequaled.
Sumt eluthet • ho ..· you t.o the world aa 1 l'ERSON ;
wthe orqr ld u a P E itSONALJTY.
my,d~hfll
1ho"' you
·
tualabc'
u..
r.d..,....
:~~~cud~~two~b'~
.
· -~].()()
dutfit No.2 :::_~~:1~.-:!~~twooo.cb..,
~ ;;J ~~t&ead&Dae.
$43.00
lq, bariaJ penall, -plew
TN! --. •.
Outfit
No.3 ~:,:,a:"b114~~::~~:"-.":,·~=.bllrlal ntt llll black or brotn~ habit, 'bf.:t: be&ne, three ~... 111:1balm laa,
$15, $20 & $25
m~·
=
~llrlal~.'*·~~~~·~·.
tA-tthe mlrrore~:plaln the dlft'e~ocebetweentbe two,
T hr•e • r r t h!! prlcel, And rcnu•mbe.r, I!
rnllrko'\l $.~ loii(IH'r,
MY ANSWER
•nihil ~~ IUad at U1 d-lr.r-$0
oadCI berelD. qGO&ed J1* Me4 a.._ pafl 06Cit, IUad ou,r boW thil
SMART STYLES.
'
• $55.00
Outfit
No. 4 :a~:.e::r=~~~
:1!:!~t!.!~: ,l::!:;:
gtUow, 1b: ha.zu!.l•, eap1'ed
plate, o11Uide cue or plu, hurlaleult or
=?~!~~·;:~:~~=- ~~"'o:.~~ . $60.00
;~:J!:trtDIL• Oomple&e~UI~ I~&DQe,
1hop wu o't IJi!llllrl t lu•y'd be
b=
Eckhardt's Clothes Shop
n.~Ue
I GOARAN'TKB. aU tbe ,ooc!t fumllbed -.e~d tbe Mnloel ':'ellde.red to be
far tuperlor so &UJ tondthed b7 &a)' other UDdertalr;er Ia Bdalo for the e~~:orbll.al:lt prloee theJ wUI charr•·
·
380 Ma.in Street, Buff'alo, N . Y.
Bell Pbooe, O:d~ tel
One Pll~th t UP
Pedenl Ph011e 8781
E. WEDEKINDT
UNDERTAKER AND FUNERAL DIRECTOR
No.5 WAI,DEN A VENUE
. Aaltate and aub•orlbe for the
1\~.Detter~Bettung.
BELL SERVICE WHEN YOU WANT IT!
:The oo\7 Germau Dti. .Jlolper In theiUW! ou\11\de of New York CIIJ, rep,.
aentlurthe IDW!rMt of the Worll:lnr Olau.- &0 eeute for 8 morula.
That is what Individual Line Service would
bring to yOur home.
Oflic:c. 3J5-317 Gcnau Sttut - - BuffalO: N . Y.
The one Central OHice line that would be assigned for your exclusive use would allow you
.to:telcphone at any time. regardless of the use
others make of their telephones.
THE
The~
Is only • !C'IIJ Uflb • d•r mort
llua P•rty Lint Tokpborw Savlu, \ 01).
.. .. OF ....
PIANOS
It would pay you to ask our Commercial Office
for full information concerning Individual Line
T elephonc Service.
Se<rt tary D11ait l•' laltl l i<lt:l iA \hat
gn''<lrom~nt aboul.l lea~e oH.Ja ndt,
New York
I itao;:e::::~.~~~"':,o~;:•·~~~~~~i~"~
thinh
i1
Telephone Co.
It's Everywhere.
Conflf!quentl;w, th ~ na•·y req11irt1
largt aa•l eertaiD ~IIJ•J•Iy, an<\ tbt 8«·
re tary
tbat tht S!AD<lartl
Telephone Buildini
Churth &. Franklin Stru~
~dvanta.aeoua
Features the ln~uoeme~ts.
I! you an &'Oilll' to buy a piano or player pi&Do you will ftncl
several makes and grades ben, that"·may be purchased on t.he
mutual beneftt. pla.n, which will aunly suit your i-equirementa.
And, if you are going to buy a. piano, wb.J not look illto this
propa.iUon a.nd secure t.h~ following advantages :
t?96
For ~ $350
PllUlo
~
For a $,550
Playa: Ptano
$6 Cub
$6 MonthlY .
' $9 Cub
$9 Monthly
Or $1.25 Weekly
Or $2.10 Weekly
Copper baa atrillp, continuow There La a.bsolutely no rilk ill
HAVE A REPUTATION
THERE'S A REASON
Leather
Extraordinary Price Reductlone, Bla Values,
~
Union Made
T he kind
APPRECIAlM BUYERS COMING FROM fAR AND NEAR
'254
BULLETT'S SHOES
Made of real
BIG 8ALE
~il~v:;: ~Pia~: ~~e0':n:!~~m:=~
Wi1h our enormous outp u t, combined with our
chcnp upstairs
~nt, we nre in n
· position t o gh·e
Y!llues that cannot lx duplicated
elsewhere.
There La & limited number of antee "and flint yet.r'a tree exve~ plain ID&hogany cue~ ta cb&nge privilege protect . yon
this lot.
aga.inrt risk.
EXPUtNATION OF THE
Scnuter mutual Benefit Plan
1- You select the plano or pl&yer plano th&t suits you bolt. The
price &Dd terms ~ 11 10 wide, the cue de.igna 10 dia'erent.,
~!n~~~e:.:d:-;'u '!:!ora~~ cert&in to ADd a.n
2-~0u 1~;oiam::.:;:n~~ =:_.:~•$.,
,.
piano a nd player pi&no ia OUAB..ANTl:ED lTNB.ESTRI;;1.
EDLY.
~Your piano ia delivered jut u soon u you IJl.l.ke t.he flnt
pt.ym&nt.
•
4--1! it is found to be not u repna"ented, send it back witlrln
thirty da.y. and we will refund your money.
.·
&-Any time within one year it may be excb.anpd f or &nether
of equ&l or better Jr&de, without tha 1011 of a lin(le dollu.
6-Beat, cover, pl&yer mule, tuninp am 7ftU ud delivery
free.
1
7---!'hol;lld t.he i.Ddrumnt be ~ by Ire wlt.hin one year,
1t will be rep&lrM. or replaced fi'M of obarp. ·
8---Sbould you die, a reoeipt in full will be deUvend to the
heirs without f1U't.ber paymnl. .
(Co~h~ 1913; hy L. C. LinCOln.) • -
" Anol if WI! apply tke .,.rnt
lngi~ to our awn J>roro-al• far
tkat we a1>ply agai flllt Boc-ialil!m,
mifbt be l MI to tbat we mat~h irD·
po:s.~lb\1117 &lj'aiut i111~lbllity in mueb
tbat we write a11d .ugge~t."-Pitt•
L _ __:::=:..::::::::=::..:::;.;;;;;;;:_;;;;;;;;..;;;"":-=;_--~
bnrJb Catltolie.
Patro.liu Our Advertisers aryl Tell Them-Why
I
�YIU. II H1LD ON
Sundt~p;€o'g, Dutmbtr 14fb, ~~ h 'tiKk
FOI THE IEIEFIT OF THE PAT£1801
ocnrvDTlO!t;
at 80AWABL'8 HALL,, 351 Broad-y
-Mla I!LIZABETH G. I'LYNN, STEPHEN J. MAHONEY and
~ promiDca.t apcabn will addrea tbc medin(.
lllllltlD 1Y THI IU"Ilt Dffllll OIMMITTU. , "
c'
FOR SALE
7%Preferred Stock at t100
.a Share
The Federal T d<phOne :.nc1 T elo-
graph ~y, in connection with
ILs Automatk: T ~hondnstallatlon,
offers for the ilrst time to the general
public, $ 160,000 of Its 7~Preferred
Stock at $100 a share .
This Issue of 7% Prefe rred Stock
has recently been authoriZed by the
Public Service Commission of the
. State of Ne1w York, to be sold at a
prlt e not less than $1 00 a share.
•
au -.ioa of,._ City Co1il·ea·
be bekl at Flo,._ Par\c1n.,
•heet"o•er the HappJ lloar
Dnt 61111U.1 .eTeaiog, DeftmThe meetlDi will be ailled
prot~~plly al _8.1$. Tbil will
lmporta11t WM!ea and e• ery
llrted tobeprt'M!at .
't:very member of t he
aboulil be a 5UbHriber
orgu of tile ~atioraal
''Tbe PartY Bailder.'' F.aeb
eot~t1111J ~~~-- of t ile• doiap
gr~ of t he movj'ment tbl! Wjlrld
All the aeWJ of the Dation!
e.at&lned tbr.reia. You abo11ld
;FO~RTH
AN.N UAL BALL. .
•••OF THE•••
SOCIALIST PARTY_
...:AT•••
/
BROADWAY AUDITORiu-M
NEW YEAR'S EVE
Park Barid
Great strength lies in large numbers of stockholders
and prdcrel)ce. will be shown the small subscriptions in
allotting this stock. Each stockholder will have a vote
in the affairs of the company.
Allottments of this stock will be made "Dec 20th,
1913, and payments on subscriptions may be m~e on
the following terms : I 0% In thirty days : 25% In \hree
months ; 25% In six months and 40% In nine months from
the date of subscription, or the full amount may be paid
at any time within this period.
P rominent business men of this city have pledged
themselves to take all this stock at par that is not sui>
scribed fm- by the general public.
Subscriptions for ~his stock will be taken at the
c ommercial offices of the co mpany at the corner of
Church and Pearl Streets.
Admission, 25 Cents
REACH
II •ny l'l ANO or J>LA YER PJA.NO
dl•lllllyedlo our,.·u eroo\u,oot only
In !'RICE llnd Tt: IHolS but "'"" c•n
give yo n lUI lniU rumuot of QUAI.ITY
for_the w uney you ..,.l•b"tOIIIIY·
Don't Bt fflisltd
The Federal Telephone
and Telegrap~ Company
by tlu: pre&egt d•)" c&lch pe_nny
• d••c:rtiH•n•enh - thl'fil llfe bDl 1111·
men~e ..ell!ug &che me&, "'' here q ual Ity It lo the background.
ljigh ffradt Pianos
ccwt •• much u they e ..e r d ld, and
m o r-e, 11nd the TEH!d.S of I'AY:U:t:N"f uo .. h.-..y. b•~ed on ~he ln\"Cil meul en the de~tler. Htut"'! IT
IS Skt'Eit-"t.o buy yonr In trumtnt
I rom tiLe OI.D H OUSE o f UTL.E\',
""here Q UALITY 11 the ftnt con tidenulou tnd ch e TERMS of PA )".
MENT "'"h111 you c•o .tTord to pay.
r Eve rett
OUR
1
~:~~n
PIANOS!l ~~~n.ton
Mendelssohn
OUR
( Emerson - Angelus
~ ::!~~~::
PLAYERS l ::~~~~::~n
SOLD ON
EASY PAYMENTS
$2.45
Sizes 6 to Jl. Niagara Waterproof Soles on eVery pair.
N o more .at this price aftc.r
arc: sold. So be. quick to i'c.t
big Shoe: &rgain.
Opea lllcmd•J Nl(bU Uadllro'clock.
S.turd•J Nlghll Until IO.SO o'clock.
.1t•-~· Jr.,,.~.,
J"•,...#AI.., s-~
••~ CAt~--·~ C.,.~,~~
06~·<J67
I
Suits ~ lo $ZD
Pnl• II _lo $$
1;•1• $11• $3.50
108-110 Stntct~ St.
·and cater apeci&Uy- to the
Union Trade
AROA.OWAY
•
�- --aor.:zu.LIDL .........
- ~tid.&
..... ............., w:..l""'"
.(. u.a
hi.- MW
a
tMW-)CirM}Mt.~
••r ..._. _.,. • ...._., ._.. ._
a-1
~ 1"6 'fttle .... t.Mi.
''liii."WbW•l»i~~·~~- ,...... ....,~
·~l~l!.lwl.---~JUtJ*'-~
t.tkM 0. priH d hs _.... \oarj ...tl<b.ta.
IXbt aWV' .b a ..t;e " "
•• Swi&f- -._ a ~ rit. - . 1
~,.
tloUot:t. ..; • .-~._.-. ...... l~~·wr....
"*' ~ ( bHk'tti \a tm fiilt,.l. .
•clio., &.da~ *"" t., a-.4 Hlll't
l:s ~- "'- t k ' - " - 1lf'_ _ __,;;;.;.;.;,;,;;...;.;.;___=,..;======:==l =""'==;:=======\=========='f==========l~,\t~=::~~rat\ta~il ... M~~=~ ::-~,:=~~:
rr-
w"ea a c-.ntft
at t\t. - 1 "-·
M .Ul fMI lil-a Mipt'iar f.a -
... IO.••Hooo~ "'• •
WKA.'f 00. &DI UIQ1Jl.l) Dll
TH Kaailt.. S.isldl:, NitN: to,.
~ ·"-- Riahl, aa,w 1"~1 ~f lbl:ail•
Oil" Ia ttr.e }N* 1- e oof tllat
Ia a latJ!# bc.lllar, llu. t\111! totlo•
a,y: ••Tlte eyN of tM Sofiali.ta
ate. •••
n .....ilt-..
•ra•
l"!'bUt &I'Jrl~ ..... -'tW ... a tw..H
~:n. lllill hlf'f W ~"'-_. b a ~rat
Wiotn l• - n '("e(..q;,
bat tat . _ ' l -at. H.w ~ tua..
·'-· C• .llllau-, -u • aWilllate fw t\lofr.
.._.~-'\
~~ oll tlle tl,..l ·~ t~ll;tt..
Uet
fl&"'llltlll!f, Nala li.IIJiet i!ittoO, l• a -.t@i\
Sodalilt ~t11rer.
,..., ...."' u.u .
-----
•• ..._.. 8od alitt
.-D ...cnAlo ~ om..t.JlOIU,..
far. Wt~ illl\'ot t he
''""'aat-laa...,Wqaa!l.bft'M
n~ a-.d ta\111~ &~otlall•t• or ()11.\aii.MU.-. llaH a fit\\
tllay t:rJ'f'('t u t e ue t•lll! kaotrl· Aata.obl~ taar tlla ltatlll! aut J'l!&f
pla.t bJ ,..._. •·~ aed rail• tUN wltll S.lalltt
or
rlly
tlle\r
·-1•-
-s-b,.., ,....,.
to ou ad~•t."
!'\ow th•t wc ho,·t! workr.:l j;O bard 11nd wOOuc~ liO much
tlw
l~t~>t
pa nic.
may take a n !lt- withoul pay .
'1\'t'
•
will pit ) •V tilt
•f t.Jaa Sa·
dallM P't\Y Ia H t ll twit.' a1d u n r
t~ &loll.f '11')1\f Ia tlla t twiiJ'·
IOClALlft8 KAT UK.Ulf IX
OITtOIL
~aaM tile ~a11dldatftl fa UN to tie oao.unD ITOCDt OOID'AJIT
PUm.tUI
OON80LIDATION
So 1lou1Jt the lh!Wii of the con•olit11tion of the ) Iarine
l'ohuniJia SKtionul Hank11 r•·cdn~tl n·ry lillie lltl e~•t!o_n in the.
of tbt WOI'kl·rll Of tiJill f•il)', hut lllf'rf ill f'\'t'l')' JIOK!IIhtJII)' Of thiiii' COm•
loination lun·ing it11 effect on the itulnatrial coudition11 or this city
he( ore very long.
Thi~ con~W1id11tion i11 nuly 11 11igu or the timett. It i11 r .art of l;!!e
lichemr of the rcttl c11pit.alist t·l a~ to r:on tr~ a.ll !,he bu!IUJell& .or a
lo•·nlity through thc bttnkM. nut! w1t h t~e econom1e tttrengt~ ~ommate
po liti<•ll 111ul lo•rcildBt iou ,;.o utttt• h to thetr ue-eds that the workmg elaaa
\1 itl ct-llllt 10 cotUit for llll)'thirt~ot hut tul'rr alll\'e&.
'
Tho• be111k11 111rt> 111iminf,\ to obt11in th e controlling intt'N!>it in
•·••twt>ru thlll cun ll'tlll'<'7.t' mune.~· out of the woiokcn~. 11ntl with . i
l
11( olollnril 111 thi'ir luwd. lllltl tlw iufhumcc to control the pol~ce and
mfliti" locut Jtnd killth~t who ro·hd .
• . 'fiH• capit111iilt dm<H i11 or jlnni7.ing. l.ook ont for younu·tr, )lr.
\\'••rki u ~;ntllll.
\\' c hn''" trio•tl tht• 11t rik €' nt the '8hop 11chc mt> H' goml lllllllY
1111d tit•• lllli'!.o(t•ll ~t ill lllll't· tdl !hi' IJt!oU of
it.
Wh~· 1101 11trikt.' at
/on liM hox ~
HANDING IT TO THEM
ll tiPI"'"inii'H ut lndiumtpolill ,;ince the Chtunhc r of ( 'OI.nlltCr t•e
thllt .~I I' hu11 o•o utrol "houi.I!Je 11 h 1<li011 to t h\' workcl'!i of t htlli
I
Tho• ,,,.;,. tUJtWlr ln~t uo t imt• in 11howiu..: hi11 hnml. Tilt' fil'llt
i
oltol 11'11>1 In ~·11'1'11 1' ill ll IIUIIIhl'r
ltuSitii'Sii IIH-11 ltll >ipel'illll I
' 1
ntt d ann t lu•nt to tht· l•·o·t h with orol1·r~ to llhO<JI ttl th e 'l
,.f trHtthlo• und ht•lio•\'o• u ~. thc.' ar1• oloi n~; it ' " t ho· king',o IllS!~<.
,r
fr\'o•
~:.~::0~:;,::~::~,~~~~ ;~;·:.~;:· ~i~::~;·•\,:~~~ '/,'; ~~·~1;\~::::.~~~~~~~:~:~~; ';J;e~~~~;.fri'
~ol 1111111'' t!Ojlll.
Thi~ ill t•JOI I•·tl ··111 w lint! orJt•r - cupttl\lllll lnw 111111
.
. .
.
.
Tlw chii.JII'r~ nf th•· ...:tl'ikitlt.: to•umst•·r~-for wtnn t n~; ts very sltm
u;•w. Som€'
fl rlll>i it ;,.. t·l niu ..., J iuw·· s igonc.lup, nud II (!!w of th e
uw11 IHI\'t• hl't' ll Jll'rmillo·ll to I!" hutk t o work whi le 1111• loHinncr cn n
H ill ut J.,.st nutk•· 11. wc11k o•tTor t to ho ltlthe ir own .
. T ho• ntt itlll oOicittl" lut\'t' uid1~l tho· o·tlpitlllilltll in deJenting the
,ot rike '"' fnn·iuf[ tlw 1111•11 ll• !!0 tu•ck to work wht n they W!!r t:
IIIUtllimo'u~ tn >i!ll~· out 11 11t il nil 1\'l'lll l ott~•k . .The capitulist pres!! iH
lm111 in prui~·· n f ) I•·..~•"" · T itloin uut\ Fnrro•ll 111 turmn ~,; th1• vote of
tlw 1111'11 111 11 "~o·nl<'i l•k" o·mtnw. It is ti1uc· fnr the worko•rs to kCI'JI
•·r oll'!',
or''"'
tlu•ir••,\' l:lio n s.u o·hlultotr lo·w ii'M:.
thu~,.
I~
Tho•n • 11r11
who
cOIIICIIt;::;;-;!1111 nil we lll' o'd cli 11'8"
o•lum~r tlw tttritT nnd o.n:rryth itt.lt would lw 1111 fi ne. \\'dl. the
I•HJO hl•••lll l' hntt~t·• l In ''''l'f,\' htltly'll Jil!iolt unt,l ret. w e hRW' gone to
tlw hen!. Olt, wnit Till Wo· gl'l t he t•urrem·.r b tll JIIIAAetl. lla1'e
o••ul'iol,.two•.
~
•ua.
~
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-12-13
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-12-13
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n080_19131213
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n080
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/28a88694d152d19840b3c2e0b47a9396.pdf
0547b8ac2e437763482fceac9e0467f5
PDF Text
Text
I.OOICATTHI! -
IIOPI'ALO SOQAlJST ON,
~SAUl AT NEWS STAMliS
0.
YOUR ADDRDS J.AaL
I P IT I S
·so
W'I!DI'IIISDAYTO
"SATURDAY
YOUR SUIISCIUPTJOI'l r:Jt.
PIRl!S NEXT 1VDit
,·
Vai.U-No.'l'J.
Friend ·o f .L abor
Lo9es His Ne
Fair is
Great Attraction
JIUJ\[.1~4ocllalist
INDIAIMAPnl
Mavor Shank of indianapolis Resigns o~
of Chamber of Co~~~~~~£t<:e-Couldn't Stand
of Threatened T eariutera Strike.
and Their Friends Throng to Johnson
Everybody Enjoying the Annual
Event- Women's Club Doing Great Work For
Buffalo Socialist.
Park Hall -
~··eDiP~a
of tbe big
willbega\ae\'eDU..
Hraneh Four. The
TO DAWN
e•·enin~
·:.f.:~:~ I ~::~:::''.::', Clul> nd The l'olioh
~.!:,! 1: 0: 111 ~:.~~e 1 !~!:
The grea t Socialist moving pic- ·
ture in five rce!.•
e~titled
..From:
apedal proparn bu ~.ten n · D u sk to D awn W1U be tou~
the e•·eninp:.
through Western N e w York b y·
D•·eni11g will lle the big nighl the B uffalo Soc:Lalist.
E leve n
ltr~l ur mo:n will be thousand people, including some
"'"' 11 11~~e~~111:~~:b~:~: of the r:'o.st prominent fig ures in
and hJ'p1101: the Soctabst and labor mov eme nt
1\>e<"ia\ JlroJol.-..m. take part in this production. Sotbi• u :\lr. Fit.:gibbollJ will cialist Locals as far east as S yraa uew and •tart ling act ne•·er cue should write for dat es.. Tenns
·---·-""''->'''"'""
~~e;e:\.dlwotfllo;e\\.:~.:,":: ~~:~e~t =~:::: .rea~o~ble. A ddress the Buffalo
Two ,..m at1111 be at the r,.;, f'ritlaJ Socahst, L yceum Dept., 6os MuT iley are J,treat boome,. t01 tua.l Life Bldg., Buffalo, N. Y.
the JJuffalo Sot-ialiu in l!u nrh T..,.o and First come firs t served.
jwenin,:.
c"''l----------------1
�THE "ORDINARf PART Of MY FALL
OVERCOATS AND SUffS ARE THEIR PRICES
Tbe uua.-ordloary part of them oou1do'~ be told lo • whole p&ft!,
Bui wha t I tn~old lllul you to lo;(v.p !11 your old J immy-pipe of good
judgemeDt h'th\1 :
1'.-e uoltll. a man:h 011 my eompetlton tlal.t M'UOD lo one thlnfi:, eod thit'l
SMART STYLES
lly t"all and Winter Oarmeotl will go dowu OD ueord u the ac blevtme!lt
or ullor-made, Df.l.uaefu hloulogat p riCH oeTerbefot"eequ.aled.
Some clothet abo"' you to the world u a J!ERSON ; my clotbt!ll 1ho• 700
to the....orld u a
PEI~ONALITY.
~t them!l'l'O!' f!J:plllothedUfereaoebetweeo the t"'o·
T bete a re tbe
price~,
a nd remember, If my ahop llfUD'T. a pjlt.llrt they'd be
•·or:atlo11 wba uoever b t gr ew
illllli tlngaoduld tbat IIOOIII!
~::: ::;: !:' 81::.~~~'i:~re ·.~":~;: 1:::::.:::··.:··::.:
m• r bd " \higher.
Eckhardt's Clothes Shop
380 Main Street, Buffalo,
Pi.
maken , atul later on be a dded
dirl n 'l ~are for t he ratro11&ge of _""''"'ic.mmHo~
w ho b eli••·ed \11 Sodaliam. R e
Y.
One Fll.rht UP
J>, S . iUoturmeo aod Oooducton uke Notice : We &ell thi! ben
w bnlld ; every one 11 gDinnteed to kt e p the
Each garmeut eontal01 the Uuluu L-bel. Cumc u p aud look them
o nUurm t hat It l• j>OIBlble
~~;~~'_"·
-JWATt.ABIL1TYT____
"tiLiVa' OIL
That is the word that expresses our idea of the
value of Individual Line Telephone Service for
BATTISTONI BROS. BOTTLING WORKS
Deal--. In C.llfornla Win• •nd Uquor.
~~.,..~~~~Oil flna to plloae Orde~ IID4 prv•P' ~;-:.:......,1#.
your home.
Individual Line Service is available for your use
whenever you are ready to talk.
THE
It makes you independent of the usc others make
of their'.J:elephones.
BIG SALE
•••• OF ••••
The cost of Individual Line Telephone Service
is on1y a few cents a day more than Party Line
P·I ANOS
Service, too.
. New York
APPRECIATIY£_BUY£RS COMIIIG FROM FAR AND NfAR
Telephone Co.
It's Evtryw buc..
Extraordinary Price Reductions, Bis Valun, ·
T elcpbone Buildin}
Chun::h &, Franklin Struts.
Advantaaeous Features the lndilcemel'!t8•
~iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~~~llo>~:
BULLETT's SHOES
.
Union .1 \1\ade
HAVE A REPUTATION
••~
U you are going .to buy a piano or pl&yer pianO you wOJ bd
sevmLI ntllkes and grades here, that may b8 p~ on the
mutual benefit. plan, which 9oill aurely auit your requirement..
And, if you are going to buy a piano, wh,y not. look into this
propoldt.ion and aecure the followin!. adv&DUgel:-
"' )' :":~: ~: !•"''''""'•'·
o r men
tbmw n qut
throu j:hout t he U. S . •"
,.,,, ""''""'~ .,.. '''""'
i!ts illtlioe wnrk <>fHoodinll"
wi t b lllioorf<lrt h.- J•UtJ>G!II! Of
inll it. With t b•• l""'~~lll h i):h
lh·in~: i t i~ 11 •liffi•·ull 11\lll!l!r
50 $396 ~Y! ~~~
$254 ForP~
»
THERE'S A REASON
$5 Cub
Monl.b.ly
$9 Ouh
$8 lllon&bly
Or $1.2D Weekly
.
Or $2.10 Weekly
Copper b&u strings, couUpuous :rhere il .abtolutely no riak iD
Ia With o ur enormous out.
put,
Made of real
Leather
T ho k;nd
combined w it h our
chenp upstairs
rent, we nre in n
position to give
,·o:l lues thnt cannot be duJ)Iicated
elsewhere. .
~il~v!f;'! ~Pia~~: ~~e0:U.~~
There is a limited number of an\ee and ftm yeu's ·free a.
ve:r plain mahogany e&ael fn cb&np privllep proMd. fo,l
tllil loi.
~ ·riak.
....
EXPLANATION OF THE
scnuler mutual ·Benefit Plan
1-You aelect the piauo or pla:r.er piano that JUita you bed. The
prioe and ~rma r&Dit iJ 10 wide, the cue d-.igDa 10 ~ermt.,
:!:t::!:U~U:~:d.~u ~;~e ~ \o bel u
2-You need pay no more than the advertiled cub PI'J'llleal.
:~n~:RP~Jeris~~Gu~ =~~
EDLY.
,
·
.
3-:ac;:;.~~o}• delivered ju.Jt u soon u you make the
Mt>•CAL_~~UJN<EN'TSFOR:SA!-! 1 11 4-ffn!iyiJ~~!::: ~ ::r=ar;:.~-;: it. back
Not only
willtbll':bargct~a¥•ia•t oh•~---------
new• fl'll'IDiu t iOD DDdet' t'OIIIider"tiOn
be lllbltantiued, it wli1 ••Mrtt>d, but
other fotttl 1 11o11'believedtobe irutldl
of t he A.-oeiated l'rf'NI, w\11 ~
publk Tbtlr uat urr, itwaanid,
sueh u to iJtartll tbetntire country.
am
'!ithiD
6-.A.ey time within ODe year it may be udiupd for aaotber
of eqU&l or bet.&er lftde, without the 1011 of a liDaie doU.V.
~~ cover, player mute, tui.np ~ fe&r _and
.7-::kd.:~::e~
~01by~~Lhln
oDe yeu,
8-Should you die, a, reoeipt in full will be delivered ·to the
heirs without. furlber paymtni.
.
<CoP7rl«h~ !913, b1 i : o. Llnoolu.>
SCHULER.BR'O
· 777 Main St., T!t~~~
�J
nly Fo.u r Days .·More-.
7% PnrtiHT.cl ~k at ttoo
a Share
T ho Federal T dephone and T ek.graiXl ~y,in conrlecUon with
of thE( BIG FAIR..
HsAutomatlc T dcphonelnstallatloo,
offers for the first time to the general
public, $ 160,000 of Its 7t Preferred
Stock at $ 100 a share.
,
... AT ...
Johnson Park H ·a ll
This Issue of 7% Preferred Stock
has recently been authorized by fhe
South Elmwood Ave. and .Johneon Park.
Public Service Commission of the
Hoyt-Seneca or Elmwood Cars
Week Dec. lsi to 7th inclusive
State of Ne.w York, to be sold at a
prtc.e not less than $100 a share~
' ~·
Grut strencth lb in large ~umbers 01 stockholdua
and prcfcrcnce will 'l>c ohown the amaii subscriptions in
allottlnr thls stock. . Each stockholder will have a vote •
in tho allalno of tho company.
Allottments of thb · stock will be made Dec 20th,
Dancing every' Evening.
., \
ADMISSION 10ci.- Also entitles holder to JOe. worth o{ goods at F air
No lists circulated in HalL -
191 3, and payments on subscriptions -may be made on
N ot.like othet Fairs.
Bl&' value for your money and a ood time to all.
the following terms : 10% In thirty days ; . 25% In three
months ; 25% In six months and 40% In nine months from
Comt-Cbursdap, 'Tridap, Saturdap or Sundap €otnlngs
=====;==BIG DOING$===;=== ==
the date of subscription, or the full amount may be paid
at any time within this period.
Promlncnt. business men of this city have pledged
. thc:mselve3 to take all this stock at par that is not sub.
seribed lOt" by tho general public.
.
for "the Benefit of 8UFFALO SOCIALIST.
·
Subscriptions. for this stock will be taken at the
c:.....:>
Baoarian Hall
0..
JOHN UNVERZART
S•mplti(Hm
> '""1
commercial offices of the company at the comer of
_Church anQ Pearl Streets.
The Federal Telephone
and Telegraph Company
:::s:::::::z::
:::z::
c=:
0
0
0
Tn.lllfllltnaof tMSmanln••tOI'.,fttealr ulu/JH
,.
BUFFALO SHOE CO.
-1
,..r--
==r--
:::z::
.._..,
--t0 :1:-<
~==
,.:u
"'U
0
~~~ .~
~
00":>
.._..,
-==
-< .._..,
-t
~
r-r-H. F. PENNY
Wholeu.le llnd~tall O..•Ierln
Ice Cream and Soft Drinks
Mf .! TIU.Cwpaa,roodl.. 50,,
TKbll!'l a ud C h .o.in! for Re n t
Uoth Phones
Wr ....u l you to tTy a ~It ol tbott
woodc:thallkdf•I!) Sboa.
PrNeUI t hlaeoupgn to th~B11f
f11lo Shoe Co. bdurl! J Ktn iiH)'
l n . a.nd It will be n!drl'!nl'd um~
u OOceuu In moue,. 011 auy p~!r
ofll utl'doSbon for d tMJur.,..,, k,
ts.IJO. fi.• O, t.\.00 or te. OO. Une
eou pont.othe 1••lr.
!'fut good after J~u . l •t, 19H .
:Sot rood o11tt.M Ba.r~al u Shuea.
Nla,w:ano Waterproof GUAnnlt·~
Double Wear Sole• oo e,·rry p• l~.
776 Sycamore St., cor. Reed
>.-
~,.
_. ,.._.,.
t P . M,
•flll>o -
FRANK EHRENFRIED
WATCHES &ud DIAMONDS
lfo<l& a.-o.d-• .r, oor . B aii• :J" .,a.,....
-
IU . .('f U A I K I I f - Ul wt U IIPUUITtl
fOUU.SST
CUARAHT~!!
F rooller U08t
Bell, B oWard lti&-11
B. Abelson
Fine Furs at Low P rices .
Hep&)rlor •od H!!modellug
Fine Li n e of Gent~s H ats
SWEAT ER COA'rS AND HOSIERY
UNION GOODS
Good Quality
at Reasonable P rice•
35l WllUI~ IT.. Ulf lllfllll•
Federal Phoce
li4~
.Rik ,.,
taylors 1ct Crtam
v•u wiTI rtmtmbtr tbt
Tl•""'
PhoKa•: Ball, Howai'CI 1-4. Frontl•r2S564
R. .lda nca,Frontla r21-461
Ca4' .ftnei&III IOf Wo•rl ld £1WJtrt1
HOERIER, KLOCKE CO.
P un e r ol O l rec; t o r •
C...huP...,.IoboM ... allOcc-.
OpanOa,•nd Night.
107 VVILLI.,A.M ~ L, O<>l'. ljl:u.>"""":"'--
f.A . lf1041/d. H. J. l.oolt/. C.
•b..,oo• S.U.Sa....,.24<11
~- II"Gtur.
- p,_t~o>U47 1
ZEBOL.D BROS. CO.
........oo~.-o......uc
ftll•~l, Llv•t~n turd Ct)•r•
lhulut'P ll:eo'l LuDCh 11:80 to 2:00
UHtbe Jo'&mOUI
11 W. EAI1tSI.,m.Jrullll, hniiO, D.!.
''&ral ClrlsiDPltr Pasllltc Com Gore'' s~LL How...Ro l l 1H4
WI! wll! I*Y m
for any Co"' It C'>lnnot
. .U.~!: ~~:~10aaft:::!l'/ol•ri~2~:
MAnufact ured by
-
I"RRNTt aR 404' '
oo T O -
LOU IS M A ISEL
;r.,,{J.,.;
c.,,_,,. Oll C!.JA..
31.--1, .A...,, ,.,,...,,,~,,.., S'-M.
••~ CAll~,.,,.·,
A&'ltate and subscribe for the .
ll\rfietter•Beitung.
C.,..,_,..,
UNION HATS
:The oo\y 0~ neW'Ipapclr Ia the lt.l&e out•lde of N!!• \'orll: Clty, repra·
te~;~IID( the i.ntere.~ of- Lhe Worlr.UIJ Cl.... l . - t.0 Cl!llt.l
S IDQD, hl.
for
- Bufblo. N.Y.
P ure wool h:and tallored-;uW
to wear at $ 15 ana you buy one of these
I :-.:-:::--::-:::::--~~~':':': I O'•ercoats you will · posttlvely
save from $5 to $7.50 on y.our
purch:ase
Unton1 made and
bear the Union Label.
.Tbb: papt'r i1 paid t~~r, it not by
you by aome o .. 'll!'b.o -111& ;you· t o 11 --" :~;·~~~:: ;:o··,,
read IL W1l.t 11 t.he time expires It
wlll. ltop it 1 011 do 110l r.~ew.
Jt )'DUd~ ao\ receive 1011r pipe'
rtp!-'ly, ootlfy ua. Your p&per il
p&ld for 111d 'll!'e<.W'IlZityotr. to receive
"·
THE ENTEKPmf
Two· Stores
Gerieeee St. 1 .,
1300 Jefferson St.
, ......"'~.. UI.JI.!IJ..!I -
c
�· ~~~,·
1"UIUIIGP waaLT aY T1CII"
BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING CDIIIPANY
,..__..-.)
60f.6D5....._.~.....
HUalYTUT'Tlm.J...a.--.,
W, P', CA~-. ....
~~Mutw!J...tkButldma
~ Prb SUIO
BUPPAJ;O.-N. Y• .
PltAJUt~, T-
IU.JtTDIIIGDSI.IIIt.,.,..._l
BUPP~N. Y.
I*.,_, s0c a~,..,...... .n~·
..__.,IIICII:IDik:lt. l_..,J,..S.I9J2,attt.pall& .. ~N.wY.t.
II:Dda-lllcutclMudi3.JI79
.
To ADOP'r m EA& OF
&oai.u.mTa.
Double StandardsThl!re i.l a double tt. .dald o t mor·
bt:~;·~~mn~i~!:v~~~~b ·1~e t~y' ,',~! :11!~/~~h
t::.~;~o=~n~:::ioa~:~
t"
wor•l " oo J>rogres.n e f'tiDttple•,,. too oae for men Jo
~ooomae J'leld
ltmJ>Iatlng the, t'Stablullniu!at, of a 113 •t•o~rd• are nYerN!d; there 11 a low.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-12-06
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-12-06
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n079_19131206
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n079
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ad602b64b605f1b79467e8359182d0a3.pdf
5274ef4c253ae1ca29b0e9a38023791c
PDF Text
Text
UXKATTHE-CII
YOUR ADilltDS UIIEL
IF IT IJ
79
YOUR SCBSaUPT10I'I !XPIRBS NIIXT-
on
Police Arrest Hugh C. Weir
Trumped Up
·Charge and Jude-• Noonan Aida Conners 3'ad
lUran in Effort to Discredit Reputab~ Writer Russian Pollee Methoda Used in Buffalo.
�of MY. fAll
OVERCOATS AND SliiTS ARE THEIR PRICES
THE "ORDINARY" PART
M told. lo a whole Pf-101!,
Bu t .-bat 1 woa.ld like you to !Old o p Ia ~llf old Jimmy-pipe o!
Judgemt:lllh thla:
Tbe una-ordllll.ry part of tbt'm eouldo'l
rood
l'.-e .aole._a • mal't'h oo my eompetlton thU .eaaoa In one thlar , and that'l
SMART STYLES.
lly t'allaud. Wl11t.er Gannentt wlll go dow"z, oo record ., the u.hievl!llle at
of tallor·m•de, U..J.ue f..ltloolnlatprl~ ue.-erbefon~equaled..
Som.. c lothe• fthow you to tbe world .. a t'ERSON; my clotbet abow )'011
to the • ·nr\d u a l'E IGONALIT "'L
Letthe mlrrur e.sp lalu
tl~<•
dlll'ereucebetwetD tbe two._
$15, $20 & $25
Tbe~e aro:- till! J•rl~. aud
r:ml'mber, If my 1hop wuo"l o Jlo'llln th t.Y;d be
mrrkO!d 1-'i t;lg h<'f.
~·~!:! ':,,~:O~ta:=~~led aiQ',
Wkt.re dawaa.od i OIIII!I eolol"'l lle.
Pair q IlL I DJ1111 1 itream,
The .n a1 tbat atlll nntaiaed,
Plw t.t over a ll of mort._. born.
l!'M;•~;t;:,:~l :~~:r~;
J COIIIJt a l1111e11 of llooe.t lllllld,
Wbo work for bumaa s ood,
ADd for the hope that gteama afar,
MJ' coaoradn i11 the ~o\y wa r.
M1 Country ia the ..-orld! f KOfll
~o lellt"r lo•·e tba a mine,
talmly w1it th• t,.!tappy morn
a ll&hall lliil>l:! th,. lif!a.
I'OIIDI"r,r, u o! dan,
to km= of Man.
Eckhardt's Clothes Shop
meaoatbeaeiea(:eof bealtb.
for the worken th.e 1111•
380 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y.
O ne
Fll~eht
eo~fr~hnet:j::;~~ t;;m:~::; :
UP
1'. !'. lJ.,tor uutn ..nd Coudncton take Nutlet: We ;.ell the bett
o nlformt h at ltliJ><ILIIlble to build : "'·ery one lt gua nuteedtu k PI!pthe
~~~~~- E>oeh g.,,u.,nt wot.aloo rhe Uoluo lAbel. l,;ome up .ud I<.CJk them
t:;:,o;
the at rt:et ean, up«••ll:o' a t Oe o-
In
;,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
W, P. Daraard o.l Cbie&jlo, Til., will It pro1- ' duri11'~ t he
~~~:~:t·~:::~~~·.~;:~~:;; ~~:~~:::::~:~~=:~.
1tteet.
T~e .•ubjeet tbat bu tl>ft'tin&• may be aa 111 ~eeulul u
t':::~:;~:~bi:o:~:=~ :rt;eo~ :.~·:; :::.::o·~.~~:~i111::: bl~b~ ~dmiuioo
0
~too
to thll mMiar
tidet•:~~~~~j~fs~ft~~~~f;:~~~~§~~~~
1
110
11 IMI" · •fit'd to speak. Comh.ds Baroard ' ' tul'\lld from an:r 10e mber
11 the bealtb departmeot
f.,
n•n•
b icb
... bu t here Ia
fea r ...of
vjait
whJeh t.h e led oi"C'r Ia "'ell qoa_l· ooJ.,. te D « qU aad
baj>],..DI without ontifying the
the firm. Jt meau for the
BELL SERVICE THAT MEANS MORE
COMFORT FOR YOU
well kaowa at a loetlni"C'r of fOI'ee atul
eloquence n d b.aa ea ml'd a 'l'rlae rl!ffll·
t&l \OD.. Det.idn IJeiag a 1~-eturer, Com·
rade Barnard It a writer aud poet.
Tkit JDeetiai, wbk b <• bl!ior held bJ
Branehtll Pi\' 1! and Se..e n, ' • the open·
IDR meetiag of tbe 191..1 eatnJIIil• a11d
will bt.t he lint of a aerjtll of tnntiDifl
t~ be beld b~ tbow t wo b .. n~bfl. It
of
bra11rh. Tell all of yo11r
frt"d• about t biJ..,u them a t leket. Yake
you to a o aad t beD doo 't
yoanelf, Ke<11embf-r, tbe
pend• 011 tbe ttlrt :o'OII
make our nJ:t 0111 a luuomer.
ris bt bJ" bela1 on bu.d al
O!>elliag IDH-liptf.
rse
iU:msTi>iiJ:iBBOB.
Anything that increases the comfort of your home
is worth considering, isn't it? We tltink so.
Imagine, if you will, a te.lephone line that is all
yours, a line that is not shared with anyone. a
Bell telephone that can be: used at any time, day
or night, with absolutc:ly no dc:lay.
And the eoot b only • I"" unb mOf"f a d.tJ" tlun
P.trtl' Uoe T ckpbonc Suriec. A:J.k ""' &bout 11.
111'hir.h a re
~or k m111t be rtplace<.l
'l'hu~ •uakinat it nrre!IAI.ry
to learn at.out th~ elemt'nta -of
aud i t ~ rhf'ntiral relation~hip toour l.o.J,•·. ID ohort , llu•ly the
JLrl!!lt'r>'i n~ot hfe.
e'l<:Uir io ,:h·en that t he worken"
t'lt'mt"nls
It's Everywhere.
Co.
T clc:pbonc: Buildinr
OJ.urcb &. Franklin Strcc:ts.
Hamli11 made tile atronse.t ldad
to the big U J,;IIIi•t• t.:o lUI>·
varty. lie t oM thtm t U.t Ilia
wu the o11!y one tbat 11 tryl 11g
1• .,..ith thf' atreat J>rOblem thll
for .olutinn, tha t they a re
110h·e it from tbeeaJ>itali,ta'
in the eapita liato' iat erH L Yr.
r told t hem thll if t hey do a ot
ia to the B~ll !dooae ~d they will
fi11d t bemllllh·eo eonfrontt'd with a
fon:e t bl! th~y "'ill 1M! unable to eope
with.
.Mr. Harnlio e ••tn .,.eot .u far u to
eite "tbe far o.f!ol'lagMar,.,, the f oonder
of aeionijlie Socialiom.'' to abow that
t he 1,rOM""C"utioa of thr tru~\1 ;1 a ll
I
T h.!t is · Individual Une Telephone Service.
Telephofle
tbe re bel aoy 1 - . The
U jlloilen do.. a a.J tbf!r a re
J>lai aintf about tbl• a rra"l!lemeet
T 1ke t he u pitalin ~~-- u 1
an•\ :--on will not >le ay that it
P"riag 111'11Dderfnll.~; ita ~aplt ....
Ia a« omulateol j•I'(Lfita, ~· iaereaaiaj<
enormollll.f', nil ma tter bow DIIID:o' ill·
d i.. iolaal ~:mplo_ye" .;., ,. f{lll! the wall.
Tb~ !01:1 a f 011e i.J tbe p ia of !h
otber.
Whl'a worker• talk of profit 1b.aria,:
(bey take t he eapila liat buah>t':u, tb.at
ia the b aainof tbe t OUIItr.J, u 1
wholt', a 11d tbia buaiaIa alway•
tlouri.ohiop-. It rieldJ imme aae p-roflta,
of ..-hirh the ron.lla at iwreue of ~~
do~:::- fa~~dtl~:t ~~::e ~:~~-t l~= =~=t~=~ :::oti•~ ;~•eht,ac;lt~~n~t;~ lrt:~:; ~:',~"~:' ~~~:~~~~:: e~:;'~!:~~o;!:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiii~~:~;:~t;o ~~o: ft~;" a~::;~le~id~b~;:!:: ~~~~;~::~Htoi~no~:;m:-~·~~ h·~;:~l ~:~ :~:;:',J~~::dj;:~ ;,~~:~~~~~\~:~:~a:-::
it _
k,.d into t he >~nor~_nL t oll v to l>trlk UJ> '\h...., <'<HQbination~ aud l rl' al.a J"'rfr<-tly willing to U.tept
is tb.cir mta.lll of makllllj' Ind. torre their ~omi'OIIt'Dt 1,.,111 l>• ek all t h" riskl aud •~J>OD~ibillt ie. eon·
BULLETT'S SHOES
Union Modo ·
HAVE A REPUTATION
THERE'S A REASON
Wit~u..c.knonnous out.
put,
Made of rc:al
Leather
The kind
combin~d
with our
cheap upstairs
.to,...
,.,,.,._tk
That is why you ought to know about the additional comfort that Individual Line T dephone
Service would bring.
New York
BOM'LING WORXB
C._.. in Calllora..W Win• aDd Uqumw
Bptdal .....doa ......
n
tb.".
\'51~;•r m:~7~o~•i;:;t~~
intn atti•·.. tompeti linn ..-it h eatb othe r : :':::..r7~~t'::· h~=~
:~!:e~r:h;:!~
,::!
~~;~.~~~:~:.~·;:li:'~. :; b~~':!~•tu17;':a~~f. ~:;,lbr~=a ou: 0 ~~:: ~n:.~~~~;~ t':;l•r~~:;b,:~:,/ ~:::: =~~~t::
erdan ......... ~.
l'lt:--11111.
OF
PIANOS
APPRECIATIYE BUYIRS C0111C lROII FAR AIIIIOI ·
Extraordinary Price Reductlone, Bla Valu-,
Advantaceoue Feature• ·t h• lnduoemente.
U you IU'e rot. t.o bay a pir.Do or p"Ja,Jer piuo yoa. wfll.bd
aeve:nJ. malt• ud p-ad~~ htn, Ul&& m&J bt ~ oa ~
mutual beDel~ plan. which will mn1J IUit )'Our nq1drt~D~zd.t.
And, ~ you are roiDa' lo b!Q' a piaDo, wll7 ... look IIIIo WI
propoGdou u.d Mean &he toll~~ :
trr~:;~ : ;r , ;'e~~~:~dne~.~~:.~:;: :":::g::;:.~~:~t tolt:~ :·::e i: la;: · ~::;•:;,ld :~: d~man<~ ~:~~:::11 .;~:
~nly l~wt'r to remo•·~ tt. i1 ;,o;!i;:OJ~110~)~iJ ::!en~~:OJ~:,be ~:=~
tnor:d t he _!:::~:'!'0~ ~~~odei::~
:~;:u:~o~" 1:!h'~:~ ~:;i;,1r:::::e •aa:::; ~ ·.~: ~o~;r~r~~~~~~:;'~~- 011 the rir ht
::t:
llutre!n~!:~~~'l' will! hl'ff.b;-' 10 ::~1~n.Ju1hial justier. '' Jdt>a a iagleu ~:~,~~~::~~~·~~;;;:. ~~~~~~::;, ~~:..:::;
~~ar~~7,,1r:J:~~Ufr~=~ld:l'~~~ Yo~ may, as ..-~11 .-IL~r.k ~·our job, Mr. ::ei:~~~~~-..:~1 :;le,t~ba~~::., 1 ~h~:
for lh<-ir ainecre U Jifel· Hamha. l our C:a J'ltahet ~ll.'ll loa~e not mea111 IlL" f'Ommon O'l'rat'nb iJI of tb"
i11 thi~, our bo11~ of •uiHeleorill their fa t be~~•l• t o learn mean. of produrtioD a e d .t belr employ of our belo~ httle anythinx more. The,. are too abaor~. me ot f or · 1b,. benefit of the wbole pH·
c-, ;·.c:·. c;·;.·:c··
::~tP~~d::~a~:~~~: ~~~:·g~~ ~:~ ·;~~:~~~"r:;; :~~~~t!~~.:~e com·
..
..
<loe• not ~late to thti r own little re- t ho! fruita of their labor. '
IJ>«:Iin• jal'.k fK>I.a.
•
T··:::··.:..:·::.::.~·.~:, ?:·:::.IJEWISH a\llrlltLkl
~111\·III~Ts '
11 bere to atar, 11 •• our• by ·,,,
•~
--loll•ul
C,C.. -:=::_
:::=·::::
~lolom. " "Tharow"
t 11
OPEN fiiiiD
\ILUD
K ooom«
''
a of
nothe
r pb rue"''t hat
strao;elnyautetrL )t il
your •·oeabularv, norwitbiu
of your ~la.u· a nd what
The .JtrWitb BraDI'.b of the Sotlalllt
;1 more tbey u a aot 11 a ~~... gnllp l'arty opeatd thei r new ehtb rooms at
the •ig~ifieaa~e 'Cif lt.
!!':!II Wiiliam Street Jut Sunday e vealng,
The_ bat braina uf _the b_uiJll.ll 'na~e tb: ~c:::dw:'~,';..,!::11~ ~~~:":',!:
lltti -:nllL 111, Yr. Hamh11. \\ e have. t he tpeakeu an<l eDjo;. t he lntern.ti.n&"· pi'O>
~eaiu~oe~ mot~erf~!i br aeeeuity. ~gal grnm oll'e reCI,
l forrit Browa pre.ided at the
ln·bg hu g >veo 111 the g~t tb,oJo:,
1
<i~t~::~~~~d~:;:ebh:: "~:::r~:~: :~~~itt~ ~~,~~:~~t~: Llle
~~~~~~~~~~~~;;~~~~;;~~~t~~~~~~;~;;,r.;.:~~~i~~~~~:~~~,:au.mber,
tbne g;rowt
i.t no bHuet
uatlon,
uo I' ate.d,r
!rom
y e.r bat
to
lt b tho , bulldog '• grip tU.t
allr-.
oide i1, in the Cull vigor and
of rout h. 'Your crowd !1 f llf·
from f cu tr degeut",.tioa. Notbt bem. T hey a re oloom~d
a.-e-pt away w'ltb the iroa broom
oeeeuity.
• •·e
• '~;;;;:._~~.,." ~~ ..::~.·-~:;"
Ca~:~tor,
I
illelnde-d: aad
I. M.. ProMiD, )(,
(llo..olmiek
'Two well knoWD Roehetter
:J. t'reem111 aad 8. Le"l11e,
that eitr to de linr addr- .
· The flub room• are IOC"a lecl
heart of t.be J e wilb ..eetlou.
tlrn aniuruoeing tb'e fart tbat
headquarten ta louted t bere
tbe flont of tbe b\Jildlni.
rooma are t.utetully dec:on.ted
tred it to the 8odalilt movetaent of
EXPLANATION
OF. THEI
. .
sunnier
mutual Benefit Plan
.
.
•*"
lbe plaDo or pta.,_- piuo that ni&. yon btiL 'l'ta.
azul....,.....,. iloo
U . . - cloolcu oo
.......
1-You
prlae
...
~
~: ~ '::!r~
~
oer&abL to bd
&ll
t-ion~T·"~~::'~
azul pia,... pluo il otJAUJn'DD ·IJlllUIImll~
piano
ZDLY.
S-~iaDo
'
ia delJ:nrecl jud u 10011 u yov._IUb
&be~
'-H "u.rcnuut t.o bt not .. ~.- u ~MU
lllln7 ..,. &Dd- wiD - , . . . . - ·
1>--"'7·- wllhm.oao rev I I - bo - . . . . . l f c r of aqua! 0< boltor,.ado, tlla- at. oloP dollu.
~ oonr, Jlla7ar mule, luDiop !lnl rev ·.~ UU..,.
7-Aollld
u.. - . . .... bo ~ 1>7 tti:. w!IIIID ... rev.
.. S£UULER
BRl
JS.
777 .Main
T:r;:..
a-!-:!~":...'"'::::: :!u~d.ti-'i·to ..
~-' ,;>
(~bt,
,....~
1.8LS, 117 L. 0 .
St~;
~)
�under au•pJoes" of
.S.o cialist Women's Club
You wlllty..., the a>cribof the AUTOMATIC
• TELEPHONE, aa4 &ecomc u cnthuaiutil; u we are
ooceyou.i:c· H.
•
for Benefit of B.U FFALO S.O CIALIST
~ Why DOt ioaU it your buai:oal to aec it ~ ~ A
oompldt ~&ucc is wor~r in ~ -~,
Offius, comer Cum:.& and Purl Sbut$. It's yoUr
~:. .~ 1te it,. ~ it is of IUCb importaDc.e to 'your
\
: •• AT ...
Johnson Park Hall
. South Elmwood Ave. and .Johnson
Ca.U our cootrad' depactmcat, Q00, ancl ask ooc
Of OW" ,apats to abaW you why the AUTf>MATIC will .auppl.&ot the manuaL
.
.,;rk,
Hoyt-Seneca or Elmwood Cars
Week Dec.
. /sf to 7th inclusive
.
The Federal Telephone &: Telegraph Co.
D(lncing every Evening.
ADMISSION 1Qc. - Also entitles holder to JOc. worth of goods at Fair •
FEDERAL LOlli Dl!lrAIIC£ IS SUPERIOR
No lists circ:ulaled in HaiL- Not like other Fairs.
BUFFALO SHOE CO.
B ig val ue for your money and aood time to all.
6rand Opening
r'fair
Labor Lyceum
Baoarian Hall
JOHN UNVERZART
S•mp1t'#(tHIIII
776 Sycamore St.• cor. Reed
Suits $6
U:-:.:n~~;:.:;;,·;_~=~~:,;.;;..
other beautiful things.
The Yair wlll be held f ur tbe benefit nf
tne building fund.
t• $ZO
P•nts $1 t• $5
6•t• $1 ,. $3.50
If.
ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Bell,
EKING OUTfi
DERS BQ~Gu~~~T
.
for Horse and Buggy and F'
UNION WEL CLOTHING
alP• ..oil t P .
FRANK EHRENFRIED
W ATCHE8 alld DIAMONDS
Dtumbfr 1st '" 61/J, 1913
The Hom< o1
~T
, _ "-4&,. -
580 S t . Ptlu1 S c.r eel.
Bo~~Ts.~~S:\Ier U092
B. Abelson
me
F
urs at
l.ow p nces
.
Htopalrlnr a n'! Rl'modellng
Fine Line of Gent's Hats
COATS AND HOSIERY
CHRISTMAS
IS COlliXG
108·110 Stntca St.
SOL. KISSIN
v•u IDIII rtmtmbtr ,,.
71•Hr
J6 Coal acd Iron Excllacrc
Pl'lo,.aa: Ball, HowarCI 14- Ff'Cintlar 2SM4
Raalllanoa,Ff'Cintlar214151
,
'-=========='lc.q :oWER7 ;wc~rc:.-"
Wholet11le and Retail
~•let In
Ice Cream and Soft Drinks
Tablet aod Cht ln for Ren!
lJuth Phunt"e
P u n e r a l Dlr•~tor•
c...~o.oP...~w."''-•D~
wn.. ~~:~.::."!:~~!';.
....,_ __
607
F. A. lebo/d. H. J. l.Wid.
.,_.., 8dL .s.- . ."1441
C. 1'- Kfi.•UI"·
p,__ Sl611
ZEBOLD BROS. 00•
.;r.,.,.,~w,.~
c.,.,.,~.
011
c,.u,,
,r,_.., """··- Jr.,.,..,.,., s~.
••~
CAll.,-.• •-, C.<Tt._,...
965·96 7 BROA DW AY
l"onorade• o! t he aOO.·o:: B ..no:.h will Fo8ter.
l'lt!II!O!I nOte tblt f rom now on we m~t
ltl-llllrlflOIII - I'omradl'to
tbe ue• Germui11 llall, ! -19 OeDeoee .Joneo, Koeblo:.r.
l ee Cream-<:omr•<ln Marie
Strfoet, enry Sunday afte rDOOD. T he
--c...,..
SA.MPLKROOM
CA-~
, , _..,
~Fr-•
teee Bailey Av•nu..
Q.
Y:A.KUYACTUKBlt
207 North 4tb St.. ~Tft• N .
·
A R !Ill E N A N 'r E
lllll..bl ... olmlll
-·--
C/odt 1M WofeMe _ , ,_;,..
Fine J ewelry Repa.rrinc
JOHN EDAVEY CO.
IDTSFIIURS
l40Te"'aoe. Buffalo. N.Y
Louis Josephson·
14s·Oenesee Street
~:::;::=:::;.;::;::.;;.;;;;;;;;;:..:.:;..;.:_
f)ruo:.kka•decidedtogetarno•·lugplr·
lure ma.,hiu.e. Furtller dctailt rellard ·
Com..dn
~blDg t o joiD t bt Rand & boo! of
Sdeou Coune wiU pln.ae lea•·e their
11amn with Comn.de William• or or·
gaolur ot Bn.no:.h. The o:.ia 111 will bold
"'uiou every So~day afteraoqo aftt.r
tbe regu.lat- ontu of busiunt b.. bee11
t.ra11no:.ted, 1111d all Comrades- are urged
to a tteod aDd briDf yoo.r uoD-Botlaliat
frleDdt. A dilltrlbation · of balldbilil
will tak.e Jll~e RUt Svllday morn! a~:
f~m 16.5 B~ad-y at 7 A. Y. Com·
..des' donatlo~a are reque~i.ed for the
Woman '• Fair, 10 roll in yoor thoo·
Welle Freeborn.
Kito:.heD - Comt~~dn Ball,
P .. termau, l'erry, Malloy,
Buehaoan, Koekler, Durkb• rt,
Sehweadler, Bao:.hmao, Fahe_r.
BappW MPilS For \be
The kitehen eom~r.itteoe nt
liD '• Club hllll prepa~
meoua for fair week. The
be ~en·ed frolll 6 to S p. m.
iog aad a r; uc...llent di11ner oa
12 to! o'o:.looo:.k. Snd•io:.bet, eortee,
erea~n. and cake will be- JerTed at IDY ;:.:o·;;:_:.... "'
hovr. EverytbU.a- o.erved l1 homa made.
·.:,;:,:_:-.,_:·- -·•Bnppl!'n, 2.3 U.Dt•: Sunday dineer, ~
eelltl. ...,
_..:..,._ _ _....;._ __
•nd•.
BIG DODfOI .A'I'
..~;,n::~:-;.i!,11071,, :::::1•eoi:~atoe
i.rlg thl• will be made later.
IIL\lfall
J:IoJi'l'.
Tot;ed• y-Sourkrant
_Com~da and •p:apat~l.un_ Ju Braneh ::;,11 ;:•::;tc:::~oe.,
aDa
~~~:t:~~~~~~;h':~~~d~~~~
weinen,
~~~U:~;f~!~~:W~!o t~~~, w~;!~~o :b: K::;~n~',:r- ~:d ~
In
l~t
yo~ will
h U
- ~~b.:o:.~~~~~y::.~~ :.~E~~~::~·..:~ ...
5 Y=
postUveJy
THE,. ENnlol_"_ElabeRPI_U·ts
d
flXUIDc!ing loto tha ~toe. cold met.t b*ulb
May. Val. .ble JJTUle•.~fo1" coffee. '
'
'
1eatlee~p "Will be awarded
Baturd•~urlr.nvt -~
Two Stores.
uot
v '1
.*bleD to~ ret tu JI'U'· bro9
~toW,
or taklag" 11p P. m.tr u11ne ol bat-~ .-lad, pia, .tee e , _ u.a. eak,e ::r~:._~~~~:fL.~ '
BudSo:.ll.oot ne:- ~o~)ll t M. •adulfee.
'
.p ;;.,f ....w.
a'nd
and
~J~!~·! :
e~.
Ut;r. TIN eomradn are tea'• a!':
Get,
•
to the h\abe.t plteh of eDthll·
Thunday-Deef a Ia mode,
til.:'WIA~ '::':!ia~· J'Otas.:.:;~~=o:.~a:~~~
tOhand
weartailored
at $15
yoU buy one of these
bread aod but ·
t..-:b.
67~~::!!!=~==-:!:~~ r~•,u.. Gene,ee-e- S-t-~
••,,....,,_-• ·-~ -
1300 Jefre.reon St..
.
~ . . . . .. -_ .......,.-. . .
�•
JI'UIL8NIID..-..Tnnm ,
BU1'1':1SOOALIST P,IJBLISHING
·~
llal.al~ . . . . .
..,..1'11l........_,...._
Hmnt.T TUTTHil.1- ..._,.
coliPANY
11\JPPALQN.Y•
PILUII:~T-
.....
W. p , CA.T'TWlL. . . . . . .
.Addr.. 604-6D5 ........ I..lk Buadkl.a:
IRJI'PALO. N. v.
Prb $UJD IIIII yaat, 5Ck D _.... pqailk t. . . . _
~
JL:.t.nda.~~IIIICOIICk:I&. ~:Datla J-S. S9Jl, .. ~ .... e&balllullaSD,Nnr"Yort..
uadlrtbradol~l.S&79
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER·-29, 1913
ROTTEN FOOD
Lll.!lt week th e Buffalo Socialist stirred up a hornet'll nest in
n•porting a c01e wh,•re rotten rabbit• Wl're ~ing sold ou the opom
mark;~~t 11rti1·1'-'s unfit
for t"ood ar•• sold continually is the unRuimouR
opinion of ~-vl'rymu• in this r ity, but thi:' fac'\ "thai there ifl no lu~lp
~~~·~tf.i;t ,;;:.~~~~;: ::~·,.1:·:,~:~- ~~-~~::n;rit~f~;~"~~:';),~~~~~~e ~~~~:,~eJ.
tlwt witt urtPrfo•re with rlw profits of the cnpitRii~;t du.~
titn1• to nuok t· an~· ~~~~~r··stiou ~. It ~t·~<~ns to llf' compost <!
rut·n uf rho· cu~~- chnir \' 1\.Tit·l.r·. Work seems to ht• o ut of the ir
That
•
!!~];,-;;,'" 1 '""'"''-'•
LITTLE IMITATORS
Hoo· k··fl•l!t-r i.~ hutcd nuJ d o·nnntl("o•d mo11t ly h~·
lu ..·ko·ft·l lt·rs who w u ul d lw pt·rh•ctl,l· wi lil m.:. uwl ~r~·
l•dl. t n ~o·rto· h hi>~
eeouomio·111l,\·. lltul 11h11 ro• with hun the
ru o•nt of thr t npitnlittl world. To 1111 hto i11 Ult'rely thl" foremost
"'' lll lltl •··· .,f <"ll j • ll llli~t ex p loitntiou. moro· p<>wo·rful tlum the ' r (l-111,
1111 worso· thnu the,\". doiug on 11 ~ri ~:untit· 110'111•• .wh11t ot.hcn;
~ no n llt·r m•·IIIIS do on 11 I'I!!Rlle r "''11lo·. 11., h118 ll"htl'\"l•d wh11t
lo·"'~ " tiO'<'f'IISful o·o11npo•t itors for 1111 rl'lll~ \' llhw ar<' trying to
Jl,. •·xplnit.- lmwlr••ds of thoul!fltt<l~ of jll'O(II!• nnd mnkf'llt rihlll!· tn hiM wo•Hith. tlw otl11·rs 11 n · ohli,.-:l'tl to conh •nt
•
Wi t h o· ~]•loit i ng olozo:: n11 o r hll tHirt•ls of wn,.-: .. work1'M1. I
uro• ,.,11 nt.-(\ t.r· t ht> million~!. t lu· profit11 of his li1tlt· imit.RIONI 1
•·nh '" li1011~1; 11,J ~ 11nd t•·n~ of thou&uulii.
. Hut th•· syKt••m of explnit11timr no,\ profit-mAking is o•Kl!f'Uti••llr
th·· " llllll' in nll ei\SCH. nn<IIIO nre th<' lllt"IIIIH employPd
It o \o,·~< n ot makP u l•it of d ifl'er o·nl'e to the iuJi•·idurtl wu
wnr k··r ~ ..- w)lO Jtl lw i~ .,xploitt-d. the ~liu i !JI nru a lway11 th,.
~wall Wil li•·~< for him. 11nd th e r elit o f tlw p roduct of hill l11hur
11n,.
o·uq oluyo•r.
.
.
.
Tho· ,.Ji mrnn t ion of tlw lu r j:e t•xp lotll•rs Ill fn••or of the
< •lit-.~ wnu l•l n ot l•rillJr 11hout 11 m11to·ri11l 1·hnnge in till' rehttion
' '"''''" lnhor turd e npitnl. What we want i11 tho~ e limination of
•·xplvi t in~t 1·lns~ 111 largr in fii\"Or of tht \\'Orkin~ c\RJI.I; 110 t hKt
w or k•·r~ mn,· lrccome t ht· miiStt'l"l'l, uot on\)" of the1 r IKlror. but or
ful l pro•hwt·.
HOW THE rMASTERS DO IT
ll i~o~"ht>r ~tr•· .. t ''llr fRr'-'1 11re coming IICtorJing to tlu• '-''"""" I ,,,,.,,,,,,
Rnill\'11\' .Jounr11L l,t•l t heltl com!'. thl'y will he anoth er
f rt\'ll r ~( puh\it• OW I!t'I"Ship,
Tht· great lt!RJ;!> of th e people ea 1~ only he .
'
•·sp~·cialh·
not~::~~~,',~:,::~~ ;;;~;;;
h \" unplu11ant faets. lio•t\llomng slone W ill
111·ither "do· other p~·oplt''ll e xpt>rienc•'ll make a ny
upu11 them. The ine rcnAt• of fRt"t'A will. of course, not be
I"· nov liiiCh d i11turhauc(.'tl a.~ are CUiltotnary when the r
11;1 in e.reaxt> in w a~:e11. !\'ot a t all.
.
.
The rai11in g o f pr icu: ia generally a \'ery llllllJlle affa•!·
l i ~ is 11ot conaultcd. tht· r easonableneu o f the m ea11Ure 11 1
tht' subject of p ubl ic diacnMion, a nd i! it. iA, the muten> of
and tradt" are not influenct>d by it. It ia their property
ing with. 1111d tlu•y are in a poaition to d e t ermine tht'
w l•il'ir t h e'' will part with it.
'
.
In th~· l'llRI' of atrcet rn ilway11 the consent o f the city
mt'tH ;8 rer1 ui~J to an incN'a.">e of (11re11. hut u our prelient
o·ih· go•·t·rmneuUtllre eon11t itu tt>d thi11 i11 mer ely a matter of
th~ ~tro>et r11iiwa\" comp11nit"ll tllke great t lll'C to bt w ell
tlu•r e. Th(·y utt~nd to thHt before election, and r eap _the
tht>ir :~lt·rtnt'lll&. 11hre wJne!IR and &Kgacity after electton. ~--hen
lllftllllt"ll of t he \'Otcrs gnther n othing but a rich c r op of wcll--~ttz:ed
nppo~;,t,~n:~~;:;ali~;t 11.
Rlld tht' a treet
rai\wa~· _u~agnate11 fortlmoat
1
,
t lwm / fi't•· p!U!!_mllste~ in the 11rt of poht1ea. Ot hers may Kuppl)
tht ,-~t .·h·pl 1 r 11,..c;;: they !llii'PIY tht t·l\ndiJRh:tl ; othera n~ay_ rnake the
J ooi~r. th1·,· get thi:' prolitK; o•\r(•rs may talk about prlllCiples. the y
Ill•'" II lmllint'l'l!l pnc\ get it.
~·· ns,:\ .-~~: :~~ r .-:. ',~·~:~~s~~~~J l;:ia~~;~~~~j-~~~Jt ~·:;;:\~rp~~a;:e~y c~n mon
--------~----
.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-11-29
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-11-29
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
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LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n078_19131129
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n078
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Boss Conners in Foul Frameup
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Buffalo Socialist
-
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1.0011:: AT THI!NilMBEilC.
YOUR Al>lllt!S'S LA.IIIIL
IF I T IS
78
YOUR SOIISCIUP'tiCJf mr.
PIRI!S NEXT Y!l!llt:
Price
T-ea.
MEAT
�Suits $6 to $20
Pants $1 to $5
f?•t• $1 io $3.50
108·110 StntCiJ St.
SOL. KISSIN
We carry a complete Hne of
Speetut
A~ nt
N ew York Life Ins. Co.
4-89 Norwood A \'cnue.
Gents Furnishings
and cater especially to the
Union Trade
Socialist Nellls Depot
Dally Socialist Papers
A ( Qil Uoe of mouthly 11.11d " eekl7
perlodlc"l•
AP I'EAI. SU B (;ARDS.
Vnl<HI Good•
1u lroi4Wif
fttarmldlll&l .
LEONARD SISTI
T!!E BIG SALE
Light Groceries
IAIIIIrtJIUICf,
8ocl•ll~t
U."'k1 1ml !doogu lou.
Allbnnd• , f Clg,.,..·aud (..1gu ettu.
.I/#
'fll•f• r•
.St~~l.
•••• OF
PIANQS
Extraordinary Prloe Red.u otlon•; Bl• Yalu. .,
Advant&jfeou• Featur.• the' lnduoemenb.
Charles Baumann
MERCHANT TAILOR
IW.L
HOIV~I~~~;~TI.II.II; ( 0UI
LOUIS .MAISEL
;"''"''",..· c,,,,,,, Oil CIIIIAI ,
,s,,:·-~. .If'~..~~ ;,....,,,.,"'1 S'-.11
••• CAihlrw•'• C,.,,.,,._,..,
91).§ · 967 BROADWAY
UNION HATS
THE u;;.lfOHAT
l~l t.2.00 HalValueon&!lrtb
13 If. D1r ll(lti St.,Ht. llai~6t Wa&lungt011St1.
It you an roinr &o lnl1 a ·p1ano or player pi&Do JOG wW. ftnd
MVenJ. makes &nd lf'ld,es here. tla&l m&y be piU'Ch:ued OD \be
mutual benefit plu., which wU1 IUf'el7 .Wt your requiremenil.
And, it JOU an piD( to buy a ~ wh7 D01. look iDto WI
propolition and aecure \he follo:rrlng advamaie- :
J oaeph
Wuts.
SAMPLE ROOM
c,.,.,,, "''-"· .tl:tr•,,.. ..,.J Ct,.,-..
_._._Ba
_ll_;
oy_A_'v_~_u_o_
.-
__
••
Q. ARM EN ANTE
Wl"l...liUIIIt!lll
l f-~~f~i;;;~~r;.;;f~:~::;:E.~:
ClochUIIWorto:.IIH...atJ,RnaJreo
,,WWtlH'tltltH
Fine Jewelry Repa.irin&;
Louis J~~phson
/iocb<stu Samplt Clotblng
Slllfk s.lh
l lf«latly.
UNlON LABEL. P-tlot PII... JIOU
~7o . .n...,aat:•• auttai0 ,N.v.
EXPLANATrON OF TH'E
SonniBI. W
-ntnal' BBDBfl t Plan
�.
·a rd Annual Fa1r
-
'-
Tbe lret'' -.ioll
of·~
COD\'eo-
• !!rider ausploea of
tloa will bel ll.eld a1. ,..,.. . . Parlors,
ph liO!t,
5e7 Kala Street o•er Ole Happy Hour place ' lu t Baaday
Tllntte, Baillfdat rreaiDJ; NonmbC!r yo11111 eomn.de wa1 p.
e9tb. '
•
,
ScbOOI of Soclal Seteue
BrudiH tb t ba'.-e oot already do 11e One, aod the f71i,.tby of tbe
. .$odiali-st Wbmen's Club
an1 ""'aMMd !o~ eleet-deltlllet 'lritb- comrade• of tblt ettr iJ e%te11dt'd to
oat dehJ,i ~- \•'' eo itled to n,, p~~reotw.
.
0111 deltpte for t ile bn11cb aod aa adThe little eoinn.det of bit claa d•
d.ltlollil liMa~ far every li!!ll memben tire that tbe 1ollowhlg pofm be pair
10011 · ftDIIClhll,
Secretariet of ldbed •• a tokeo of thei r lne
B raru:~ r.reuJ'Pd, i'o .ljDdillthe namrt Mtee111: T~
'
and ad~ Ot deWpt-. elected to U\ lH:MORY 01' GEBU.ARD
tb.e SeenUry ol tile local without delay. Our lillie comndf! Oe rbud
.0
before From
~~:::;:=:;:;::;~~:t~;:~::::::~==~~~.I;,:T•o
aray,
life~~
:=:~:::::'. -=~::-. 1 o~~r~ ::·~.;l:- 11~ ~~~~~~bool.
refllrfili!'lll,.l"
party JUhDbenlilp;
A. JtOW
1tate
tbard'ereo
t o ._._,d-.tbe oatlooal eoutltu·
the~rty wltb a view to b.a•··
p&Mcy :"\o~<l•• u for p{'llideot
oomloatt'\1 by refervoteol tbeeoti re p.rty 111embe r·
. · T.
-·
t bit •dtoh~>arlt
Weallue
So yoaag aod aweet a ll owerWatwilllog, qoiek tolea ro bl.- vene
For Cbildreo '• Day
aooo.
He woold llave bclet1 a worktr
A lld a 'll~;bttr for, tbe ri@btt
Tha t "all" would ,get tll el r
',
tba re,
·
}'or be kil.ew tile aolden n1ie.
Yigbt bn.rely, little umradu,.
~o Jo& ill be now ueed dare;
So j>arentl <lo not mooru bim
IumemorylJI~lair.
,
Y. P. 8 . L.
SOOL\LI81' W OIIAll ,8 ow:B.
011
JIJttk Dtc.lst to·7th inclusivt
qancing every Evening.
.
ADMISSIOIIlOo.- Also
. entitles holder' to JOe. ,worth of goods at Fair
N o lists circubted in HaU. - Not like other Fairs.
Bla .value for yoUr money and aood time to all.
;:~;~~~~.~:~' :~.~\~"i:e·~::e~;v:,m:l~ ~~:;::.1 , ~;;:~ ;:~~ef~~~;;t:o~h:.C:~
e n'• Club
---~
A81~te
~ T he
and aubaorlbe for the
Arllettet·::Bettung.
oaly 04lnDUI. aewtpaper to the ata\e oot&lde of New York Chy, 111P""'
the ID\el'fllt a( 11M Worldor 01-. - &O ~alll"fr 8 moa1U.
~t.lac
Offic.t. 31S-3J7 Gmaa: Strut - - Bufflfo. N . Y.
I!~
IIIHtlng,
Mens Good Clothing
"EADY TO WEAR AMirMADE TO ORDER ·
(UNI ON LABEL )
..
me<"tlog of th e Worn· & "'"': !~";7 a t tile
will be b rM Fr io l a ~· f!\'f!ll •·rm •- 1 •
Hoyt-Seneca or Elmwood Cars
THE BEST IN THE OTY FOR THE MONEY
journm.ent was taken.
J' rom . oow
u~tll aft er th<' fa!~, w~~~~ g;:~~~ ~.c:~;~;~~d• are
~~~~ .:~~"'F:I.:;~::n~!g~he-::::: 1~ to aun d tb~ nut ah.rt buel ninr i. ~ u~l~d for' o 'fl oo:k at the l' ro· ioi,'';!!::e::~~::.:::~·llelret,t~ from
::~~;.:~~111
•••.,AT •••
South Elmwood Ave. and dohri110n_Park:
~::f.:;;;·;;~:~~~~;:~~::~;,!~ ; 1 ;,h:,Y~~i~·a:wb b";:~~:~~!;·~y;:eet·l ~:'.!i;'•;f,~'\'1:;!}'·,~.-·i~li;~~·:,-"":.~::
~=:::~:··~a~;b;~q~::;~ :~~ Pr;~;·~o~:;!• :i.=t~~!reet.
F:::~.;~:~~t~eoild!u~~t .:;~:~:.~!;; ~.::~:::::~~;~:~::bate,
of BUFFALO SOCIALIST
Johnson Park Hall
10
HELP W.AHTBD.
aod tandy for the
and ~f..Um eot bootll are want·
tbe Fai.'r •;to ~ held De<:.e111be t
l ltto; tll, a tJobntloll. f'ark lla ll,Joha·
•lo11 Pu,k aad South Elmwood A••e11Uf. ~
All donatloo• .,.,. be ldt at th e fol· W1.11.~k es
- .,r ·Benefit
-
~o·
All Gooch Guaranteed to Give Satisfadioa.
THE A-NDREW GRAHAM CO.
IIAiliS Of l1lf OffiUILI.INif9IIIS JOR llf IIIIIJQilOIIIlll 00.
3e0 MAIN ST. ( Up Stairs) Opp.lroquois Hotd
A Clear Track for
Your M~ssage
Individual, direct-lhu: Bell Service forms a
clear track for your message and yours only.
Your line is busy only when you are using it.
T his service costs only a few cents pa day
more than you are now paying for party-line
service.
Wouldn't it be worth it?
New York
Telephone Co.
Firu LiM of Gent's Hats
SYZA.p:R
T c.kpbonc Building
Church&: Franklin Struts.
alATS A ND
pl!I"''ONGOODS
Good Qu&Utr at ~able
JIJ IIUIIIIT.. IIU IIRml•
J'edenl PhODe11.of
BULLETT'S SHOES
Unio n Made
HAVE A REPUTATION
THERE'S A REABOM
With our enormotis output, combinc:d with our
ch~:ap upstain
rent, ·"'-·c a~ in 'a
positi qti to give
::~u: dt:;~~~=~;;
dKwhe:re.
�NEW IN~NTI~N W~ PUT·
··OUT. OF WORK,
· 1' II U.ted o. pod aatbo,u;
,.__....,
6CK405 Mutual Lllc BuGdtq
..
BUPPALO..N. Y. '
MAJlTIN IGJSSLD. ~
'ISJCRYTUTTHIL.l..~
l'ltA.n IPCit.DPIUKD, T W.P.CATTIILL. . . . IIp.
Addr... 604-605 Mutwt U& BuGdbic
• BUPPALO. N. v.
P'rto:¥ $1.00 per yur, SOc lib: moPthl. papt,k Ill ..,.,..
~
a...-:1 u
~· -
~ -*' J- S. m2. at tbe ~ olfb at a.6Jo. N-Yort.
wocla-~l.doiMatdol.ll"
.
NO\<l!MBER 22, 1913
ADVI81NQ 80CIALI8T8
It is AlllUSillg to note 110me of the ad,·iee that the capitaliat. prelll!
is unloading on the Socialists of Ja te--eort bf talciog a fatherly interest
iu o ur welfare.
.C ·
tb t
tAr. ire ~u~"t;.-::~::g~..-:
.
Jn SpeMkiog of tbli defeat of :M ayor J.uon of Sebeneetady b); '
fusion o f 1111 the o ld political partil'll. the Enquirer laya it to the "reck·
le!Wless of Scc:iali11t pr-opaga.ndifits that aeemR to arr&¥ thllt party at.
all tim~ and t'\'erywhere against law, order. the ftag and the chureh.
• • • It cau.<oet~ all non-Sot--iali11t11 to forget· dif!'erence.
th~mseh·cs when it comes to tht> question of barfing Sl-ocial isbl
n ercding gonrnmental power11." lt further ad'•ises l1l to' impoee
N&traiot upon them or cut them· oft'.
bine·1~e.o~~~ {!c~e}~:~ ~~:'&:ili':~yiaro:o ~~~;~:li~~c~~~ :0~~=~
and tbat tllia au•ber a
. ~ ynn qo a work·
~ . . dd~ bJ WiW..
~ Coopet tl'aloa l.a New_l"ork
Wed lo lab .U.ple
.Ut
~1 thit c.oathtioa
PrtaWeat
U. Uah·
COIIflftlU·
ita. woaderful
Ia &uWU ~to
of tbi.J poor ~rker, reprecrnt dau....bkb produee:J
, be tbrew ap bis baadt aaol
kno- "
kaoWII;, =•Y be t_, M11Umeat
<.'lus
eYt.a ot a
of tlte tzploittd,. bot tbere
lau oae , JDilUoD llltll I.a. tbil
tbat lae.,.~ eo- toi-lbe what
are up eplal t ai.d '.re paf io
for tbeir u,-~ ' A iarse propo~of. f Wntea "bo l.l't u.-preee~~t
I
the raW ol t.be 'OIII!:IIIpioyed,
••1
- ,,.....,, ••••_•=
ana
pn~!te'
pi.~"'t' a~t.
ueaa.
19
Tbe he6nb
a, maclll.aa wk.ldl appla.DU reeordl ...e4 oa tile lloa~
laJ •KidM. •
Bnrt JJ..boa S.pl~ a
•utor u• e•P.•r~
---..
able lpjt1., ia U..
dlcatloc tlMI JICN'iWllUe.
ture oader tbt ~
ed oat by S.ptee
pi- of, 1&7 '"· '"'~.....
ed Ia a IIIACIIIDe
tl&lldud Jo"- oa
ll.fty - . / o r a pniod of \ea yean or
mori. depod:IDf p t-.e lite ot ~ JU·
.cl1be. ~~~ t.be otUr forty~
·- • ll.t Ia 1$ a qNttio~~o •11.\do tile optS·
Jllbta dodp aad do DOt tty to aannr,
The a.uwer 1.. Wt.tlaey do, aot It lo;
tbey '"' "udu," tbe fovr 111UUoa
wllo b.<re 1111 plaee if:! t.be .prrseat ,,..
t e•.4f -iety, CUll tiiODJll tbcy bfl the
'"U1 J~~eo wbo PJ'od'CI~ed tbe ••• me·
ehi~~ery.
•
'
Tbe ecual!18 of eutometle maeblaery
bu - uded tbe craek
daom to tboa·
..ada .of madllaillta, weaven ud otli~
baGd-workei"L There rt111ala tboa·
..ade1 tilat belieTe their job. Meli.Jt.
TAey an t.boriet UlldU ~~ deiuloll
that the •med. .ieal openu.t •hlcb
tloey perform ar-e beyolld tiMI powen .11t
a 111&£kiiiL ~ t b.u- beaelt 1 WUI
)lrfteDt a ieKnptioa ~ • ~ '7ltem
<I
::~;:;;u:
lllftbaai~ prodaetioll{'~le-\11
of
I ~K~•I
cblael., .w.. "•re .,..m
-rkDiaa oparatius daiii•Y
wb.leb aab .Otlahli bat
wiU be JlftJI&I'ecl wiU•. I"*t
wor~er eo~poadillJ to,aa ~~
10k~ i11 tlie· prNte~ 1:J1!teal.
The ~rob Ollte1bae, I<- will ••ply
k ·~ to piaee th111 Ia die
nriou .Aekiae. aiNI tUf will do t)elr
duty u fai.U.to.Uy u ia<a 2i&oo1L 'ftaa
aetul -.lae.aical •o•....~ will be
diieaUd .hj •eaa1 ot'1"1lettriat)'' ud ·
· jot. d•JOU.P tile tot.i-od11ttioll eli .orb ot . .aafat:!u,. wit) "VJ' f - e-p.--d air u
: : r : ::
..
of
e~:.-.:: :e~~~~ ,:::~.:acb =~ t~--=-;:.'!.,bar~-=
Ia Jlla1'ft'pl.eaOL
but ach·bed til- -to ''try LIIYa11ton for .o•e tlaa, but Ita prao- wiU be ald. It will be
::~o~ ~~~; :.i~~·~~C:~~::.the mo~ the capitalWt politiciam com·
~£~~~"7E:~~~:~:tf;~t~·:'L~~::·~~~~"'~;u.:
tUt tka optiMbtlc bti:U.r Ia •tlnlly a'
t=~ :!~~~ ~~~~ o;! tt~ ~pl~u:i!_;:i,'o:. are ~~-f~i:i;.,.Z.~~,;;:;:;;;;~-..;...;,_...,::~~-----1
~~~=~~~~=:
poeelble.~W
: :;
~~~~~
Tb.::~~u:::~7~; ~ ~~.::u::~:.11 1d':.,•.,,.~_~:11 : : : ~-=~~Yt!;. =~-~eated -~~e
,;;6.t;l~~
. . .~· ·-·:~.:.:! ;;::.:::.::~:~::~~ ~:-.:!~2~_::~:::t~E.
e..:
1 I:::!:••~~:Oil ~= ::?~w~ ~ :;-J..
11W1Uf'
t•
10tand1Dg for the old Order of thiOgB, Viltb Its
OWIItrahtp of
t ~e &OCial n eeetantu.• ~nd the Socl;&h!rt Part) represenb~g the collec· leOrM thll oa tAe bi.tory o1 lllklwl·
tu·e a)-stem of ownerah1p, thU8 makwg the fight on c.l8!18 hoes clea.! and till den.lopmeat, bye ttated t.llet th
Wt'll-d efiof'd.
. .
iatroductloa of ~-~ maebhony bri.The people of the .world are beginning to wak~ up to tb~ f~~;Ct t~t witb it •ueb luei'O!Ued trade tbat tbe
th r ayatem of ownen~lup of the means of producu on and du;tnbutlon 11umber of ~~teD , put oilt of .,0rk It more
mu11t bt> _ch~ged to meet the ~ema.nds of present d ay. needs of
tba~~ ba.laared by tb- required. to
The c-ap1talurt ay111e m baa outlwed lis tu~efulneu. and ttK dRys
take care of ttle 11ew Yolu111e of bo•l·
he re<l
Re fere11~e to ~ aae.lyud by
What thr Sociali11ts wi11h to at-eomp!Wh is to bring
111d otben proYea eo11duliTely
in tht place uf the pn~ent chaotic tilate of co1npetition. 1
•
and munler afid tstarnttinn. Tht> p rcaeut law and ot:<Ier is
h -ction o f the fo•w ~11 pitnl il>l11 who Ol\' D "'"·ythiing .. ••' h"'
WRMI starn• and kill the worken1. .-\t pn~t there ill no
t ill' prod uction o f th{' thing1' mMt IIM:l'J®lry fnr our
pi t~t-ss. E n·r~· bud.1· for himself ami th~· tlc\·il take
tht- motto.
·
w,. 1uh·i><e tlw Enquire r not tu w;rry 11ho ut our PN>I~'~''""'"'- 1
Ourm~ tb{' r(-.:~ut ~amJlllign wP .. h,.lli'DJ.'t'd the field
i-..~u{'!l o f the d11y. but not onP at.'t't•ptc-rl. Ths t
OliO'. 11nd 1111~· Iiiii{' thRt th(· ])o•moo· r&lli. R<'p ublil'llllll or Buii-C;,;,.,, . I •••d
f,.,.J !<U d i.~JWlRf'<.l to pron , lo lho· p~'()pll' that t he-y k now
, ..·nuomict~ tha n tlw Soo.: iu li~<t,; ".1' w11l he Jllatl to pi1!k out
~~·~·11ken~ whi•·h th•~Y ~rit ki~~o• 1<0 fn·•·ly ami le,al'e it t>l the
.J,... j,],· wh id l iJ< rij.:ht.
Hrinj.: on your inll•llectui!.IK. .1·our hr11in~· 1111'11, th e \'try
hnv•·..1·our cnlll'[fl' pro f•·~!'!' 1111<1 ~radnnh~. a nti WI' ll'ill prudiH·o•
me nwo th11t wi ll do•f••HI tho·m. \\'I' llf <' fur tho• n~w o rde r of
whl lt· thr olol l'Hp it uli~t ~.n<t<-m i~ nhout t o Ji(·, 1111<1 w~ h.a1·e t h••
tnl!•'"fl,.-inl!' illt lwri l("ll1 .
t.b:. l=
ferred to upth• pi.aao ..d 11 will eo11U'f'~Wto nprolluee tile euet pt.yt111 of
t)e
ql(]
plpl!l' woan oat!·
A little nt.etio11 will be&r ~• w
Ale • 111 wbo uo-. uytAI• J about lila·
cbiaoe., tAe feet tbat tble pri•cipko eaa
be applied to ot.bu matbl- be.ld•
piaaol. TAel'll .anl few •eeb&llieai opentloq Ml eomplieated e.a O.e plarl-c ot
•
"-
:~:~~::te~~:=\t ~ittll~
11 wae !.be LllttoelocUOII of ~
100111 to tile .,,...... Ot
1net reno-bar, teo,
I• IIIU<II 111or. 1'8pld. 111
It.,.... at tlloe,)e.wa at tlot
Ne•eda1• oalyll! ,_ 111oatU
twHa tlle lret
t
YllltlOD aad tile dey wk-11 tbe
sri tbelr
u•ou-..
•
·~~. .. Pa.-llobtrt J . Wilefler,
oa1 of tbe -n kJoO•• Boelelbh ot
...'! .
-•1 POllomOlAlll OH.UI01& W.WI.
- - --
TBll .oou.Lll'ft.
~..,-~t~BI:~,:, ~=~'lo.:f b;::
••-aud tile -rider i.l oDe of ....
,:_::,~ :=~ ~fa;·""ll;: ~::::~t;ll:·~.:.·~o~"c~~; ~=~::
T h<" oiuly <>f the hou r fo r the working proplc is to oq::ani~c
fn rr<'' 1n .. rd er to g;~in power. and tn make u -<e o f thei r powe r
]oi•li uc;~l a ~ well a~ the c.-onomic field. You h a1·c po wer, •
skill to 11~<' it intelligently for ~·ou rselves_ You hal'('
th(' k now leoigc to emplo~· it in the mo~t dTC('t iv~ manncr
th(' numiJt r •. make them think and a4:t a~ nne. and they
Th<" strong h and s. the powerful ann~. the ~i ncw ~ of energy
hut a!'> long as your thought s arc no t your own, you arc not the ........... 1,,,,..,,
o f your clc~tiny.
N•biae to dd • t all at·
part of Soeia.lilu to bf1..
by eltctiDjj: elaN~ Oil•
at publle olfi~iaiL U •tolll
-&ualllll R.ateila eo1111tv
1m~~te4 1ately tlle le1i•lalur~
biD pro,.ldi•~ t ltal eonly
bJI,., ~ priYIJete ot
""'• 111.,. 111.111 prdu to
flll• uadei'tloe ir Juri•
'~:e~•ne,<oae of tbe 1114 guant
ell tloe work. S.Die
cloe.i, fon:ed oae of
,J.ti<"H of IAe ,-ee Ia
llinl a Jne>,. luuati,., O«<IJII·
If tlw parn~ih"" r,f our rrrsl'!tl l<(H'h•ty. 1n·rr· ··ompf'll,..l tu d o useful 11
wo• t k u11o l J,.,,rn how it f{'•·ls tn f'IITll n lt1·i nc. th"Y woul< l looli with
, JitT,·n·!ll •.., ... ~ upon th" work•·r. Rth.l ,.om•· to nmlrrstmHI llH• l'i'Rl menn. I
il.:.: .,r t l•·· n ll r•'-"'' nnd d i~""ntrnl u nH>n)l: II"· lal'()ri nj.: dn~<-;.-s. E:~:peri·
,...;,.-.! ;;;;;,,,;
en..... •
TAe a!lldal ..ote •h" Wloeorier, ~~
Yolts, whilfl , f'raar.it 0. lA!WI~, a J<rOIII•
lawyer •ad fo,_., C1ty Soiiehor, bad 3_m 1'otn.
At t ile prl~&rif!fo, \Oteo~~ler I'I'Cei,-<"d
1,42& Yote-, belli& Itt• . Jmmediettly
tollotria(_. tU pilm&ri"" WltNter Ill·
aoa..eeo.l be .WO.Jd =-h lob IIJbt foreleetloa .oa 1\te foUowlDI p~tforen:
) , P'IIW!,ab\ldt:y ot city butie~.
f CJ,.jJ ~r..i~ for dty -ployt"a.
:1. Eifbt kotlr by for aJJ tlty work~
O!I"L
-1,
P\:111
11~011
,.l!-:11 t~~-=rto~~lo:~: br~k ~tt;';~:~e
tbe eou~tty oi!CITI •• " to' it tbel
ali tb.e bulli11""!' weDt eloe~re.
race of
w~
of tile ... of polie. to
II, Abolition uf t~ f1 ..orJeootT11et
·~·oce"'. City to 1\o work dlr«tly al
far 1• tbe State hi" will perl!llt.
1.· .Fstabll•ll111ent of a eit:y tneriret.
8. A eo•t aeeou11llag '7'lt111 111 , ..,1~
dep&rtflltDt and t ilt e•pioy- • 1 11f ••
eq,..rt I I pqrehu l111 apllt.
II. Rifld I tt i:aapeetioa.
10. Appropriatiou of t lO,OOO yurly
· IGNNI!SOTA
lll11atapoli.J., ,ltii1111.--''Tite Soeieli•t
party '1wl o11IJ' two oppo.ntab Ia tile
1tet.a of lii••MC!l•i"' dtlda '" State
&cretar.r T. E. U.tilaer. " Tbe o~~oe I•
tile K11i1btt of Col11mb" aad tlle other
i;tthe-11-eelti'Uit.''
•.
toaupport. tbe p~blie l~. t.
"
So ftr •• tlle 1'0ie·llo~ti..Ds. btllot- · P· No eity J rutbile to b"' civeo
rll.,ing JI'Oiitklau of t ill• oldl!!frllft-•-Y·
•~ ~o11~ttae-d t bey trilune tile ~.\ate
I~ E.J:teuloa of playrouad ·~tea
1
I tlle l boagbt ,
.
rller~:i1111: tbey . ,. l t iiiOf't or '"'"&- to outJ;na . HCtio.., of tbe tity.
~o;ktr• muot he hpt '" 11ubjee- de,ii•t•, Latimer t lah111. He cltea tile
Tha labor uaieQ• of tbo dty j ampe4
,an
kl::,'!;'o::'e':~u:;;;;~g•rra_7 ~=~~~-~.;;.,,J-:: ~;.,~aa·••:~~ :,:b:..~~:or:edof• t:r:::'~!..el:;~
ran oympolllize with Soel•l· :·~~=~tral "r'•" for t.be illlpr~on peritlaa c~ntpelca ~mJDlttee.
K """'''
MIVH. .
f- B«auJ.t there ;1 no otlw=r JIOiitieel
l•rty t bat rf!J)rtlll!nh a ad t.· c0111.
posed of, tbe workllll! ei&.. e:reept
3--~a~·~~~ ;:::;"· pertje•
rub .~re
peac-efa!
oo)ieldi11g Ia
approacb!Jig,C~
- ·:c.,·,c:
an~llot Ude-d, me111 will
tbey = •Y be llet eated,
c
t beDI, tlle wbole Ameri~&ll IA.bnr
Tbielt 11111U~pt to ole!
-·,;· ;:-.,-~: 1tro1 ''0 oe Westen Federatio11 ot Via·
. en, one ot t he m,.t radical and lllili·
taatlebororguia tiOIItiotbeeouutry.
Tbe Federation Ia oae of t he etroogest
~laliflic . orgula.dou, 111d u 1111':.b
Uoald ,_el,.e the full n~pport of Bolliali.tL
era op~ . to tbe &ei•lilt Party, wb.ieh
In itaelf;. evide11ee tb1t the 8oeial·
in Patty reprteeatJ the iateretta of
tbe Dle&KL
;:. •
4-Beteute tbe BoNaliet patty
I••w'"''' ,·,.,""...;~,.i.,•61•e•l: ~:;:::~ :;~ lu!~:. -:!1"!~ :~:!" o:·~~~~ ~~ ot~bv;cl ~!~~(·T,.-:c:••.~·~t~~~~;;
tbe !!rl!lt chovght. Wbet the
movcmtl!lt oeed• b not .,..mpa·
tbi'tl!n, but &t t J,..e wor~ra. B,rmpatb.y
makes no ~·"". ~r~"·. llt itbtt doee~ It
c~an'e 10<'111l ,.,.,_,tuliolll 111d Ci)Ddlt•oa11. _Symp~~thy." ot v.lue o•ly in
prnport•ort u II 11 t ra.uieled illto
tiort,
8odalUt F~ at..JDDDoD ·Fal'k
walk December lft.-111:1 '1Ua
Batd ~ Ul 1011_
B~.
•
:~=n~~P d::di~~~. 1e ~:.S:• •~
to 1pubWe bead• nd
.becau~~e a ebup "ill caute 1
t blPie of relatiop1bip ia bu111a'
eodely of inlmeate value to tllft
worii11s dilL
5-Deeau~e I believe if political clemot·
· reey i•asood tbiOjj:,..lbert indllltriel
democraty ia t..r better yet; beeaote oR-eceOVIIt of u, rrater hoporleaee 1111d lahe11ce opo11 tbt
life of tlle worJ9.a( elua.
. tloe aate elul of
e-:BeeauM I bellen ao· 111811 Ia load .to-Boeeatt tbe &ociaHit
. euouJII to be ..otber'e 111uter, artd
fllo•ameat,n7
~ mta oupt to be alloJPed to
~~ei..td"e ' facl't ~ •
-~~:•. ••
low: let .."
uotller'•.
tile probleiZI,f of •Oiiiao
raJr~ce, Uoe
CouDtil ...d "'ember of tlle Soelat..t
~":'=:.,WI~ cbo.eo cbalniWI, alld tbe
i
q Oil.
Ae• eoul.d be t!:IJ*l~ the Jl'e<!ll
Sgbt "" 01'1!1 ~U.t potl1011 of tlle pi.U·
rona •llkb related to tAo ebolillo• ot
tbt llM of poli~e to breek etrlk~ E•·ery
~~:~!;P;.!:n:; ::~~~;~~,~ pa~~:. b;,::: o=t~ Z
bei.Dr-t Com .. • arri•·al
by lotll eomlllilt~'l!ft
. "rtf 0. Ren~lt-CollJa 1 ref~
oeualo111 to' tal k
all 111111 rethaUoop to dt be.U: , .
.I
boebn to t il " * '·
At t~e polle ~be Sodaii•U -.n 110t
foo •d wa•ti•l', 01141 wakftr •ta:rlac oa
t be jOb .at- tbe 6tb Weri!; Elfttloa Dlt·
trict Ulltil 8' P. 'v. llle aut l!lonbg
' ;;:1~11:u ~!:.:::t *~· 41~ ~~'!
-..a na.. .,•• 4it· rMult ·~·ail Wheeler ... ~D.Jt 8 •.ota
Ru..ieu OoverameDI pi'OIO- allud wAea tbt retlUlll hem tlale di.-.
8oc.lali•t llltmberl of tbel trict n•1 111. Til• olldal coout., ju1t •
tOUJlil'aty llld bigb t:ree..o11. iellled ~1 tbe eoart,, b.aa hlereated hi•
of imr rt.o-.et1 deport•· to 10.
ud other pollllhllleDll • ~o ofl'eet tll.e • te of ntoaey or bona
of our Oomrtde.. If u., .to .beat tbe~lal~ a.t 'at tbe poll•,
tket t ilt 0!. . .1 tiM eomDIIItee ofl'cir.cr' a rewarcl of
tJe ,be..aJe t50 tor, ID!or.atlo11 wllleb wo..td litall
abOYe c:1tarc-- to tlle ar'"t ..a eoodotliilll ~; 1111 CillO
of11Didi.,..1lllllf mo...y for iato
11 liquor toof U.. 8oelaJiat bribe •olarv dwti11r; tlte el . "• 111d'
a.fl'air. A. thl• probably a • ed t.lle d.,-.'
=-eM a· pllb11e
Tbl• 1'1~· of a. be.ttle ea.ri\ed oo
el'ut, 111 a aew tri11' witb"u ua.z.pfllmtliar Workllli elaw
tbe
biD~
J-~~~;:~;·t::s::.-~~ t!:
1
avuu..
procludioD.,.~ ~butiort from
prl n te
beiug ee«atut.ed jlllt DOJOI' hy t he 1111•
IIU~ I lppi!IITU£f, IOI'IICI ..,louid <lllfllitr
lt by nllla& it "topr," of Petu W.
C~ino•, leJlow aDd lDtl-Soelellat •·pen·
bl~<oler witb "Da••" Oohltteia.
Jut1~
" tbe Soeialiet• 1, .-.Ji.
tlle llatfl became 11.,.,1
;:::t·;..~~l:l,ri~~"!.
~..~lt"'o~o:;~O:~~!::
dlll'ueuce.
III01'f_.'l'be
p~me111, ;..~:~:: !:l:O~ao::u::;k;:
f~tt~u~lo=o~ll!~~ ::!a:~b~::~:':.~';.:.ea:-1 t::~::
~~~~ ~loa
Mcretary of (loa' B~•olu·
'"-~·~~
• ·
•
,
•
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-11-22
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-11-22
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n077_19131122
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n077
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Selling Rotten Meat
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ea812576c839496fe64b03afdeeae918.pdf
ba41135f4a45b05adbcbf7070a94ce8b
PDF Text
Text
LOOK AT THI! NUJIBD C/11
. YOUR ADDRESS LABEL
- IF IT IS
77
YOUR "SUIISCIUPTlON IIXPIRI!S NEXT"WEI!It
c
1stto7th
�Men Hdd by Authoritias aa Result of Strike
Caused by Tyrannlcal BoSses and
Sheriff -: Sodallata Investigate and Give Re1oort- ll
Horrible Worklng Condltlo~ Exposed.
Socialist Women's '· OI"b
for Beneftt of BUFFALO SOCIALiST
••• AT •••
John~on P~rk Hall
. ··'
Hoyt~ or:~!""" ~
. South El,r:nwood Ave. and dolua..,n Par'k.
Week pee. 1st to 7tb inclusive ·
every ~enlnst.~-.~r' · ...
. ADMISSION tOo.- A~. entitie; ~~d~ to 1~: ~~~irof-~ at·Fau
. '
Da'ncing
No lists citcutatcd iD Han. ,...... Not ub other· ;~ : • . '
Bla value. for your· ~~Oney and
-~ time -'to ~II. '
Is Chiropractic
K I-RO-PRAK-TIKis tb~ na mr: applied to a mr:tbod of
locating and remo,·ing the physical cau~ of disease by
adjusting the displncro vcrtcbr~ (bonn of the spine)
to their no nnnl position, thus n::moving t he p~ure
from nerves, E\·ery organ or tissue in the huma n
body mus t recei,•e its controllicg influence thro ugh its
nerve conn~ti on with the br a in. Prt"Ssurc on th~
nen·cs will cause disease, Jf yo u are sick, one or mote
or your ,·ertt'brne nre out or alignment, cnus~og p~
s urc on ncn·es. To adjust tht'!lt' nrtebrae into· their
normal situe is t he aim ancJ accomplishment or t he
skilled Chiropractor.
ANALYS1S t'REH.. BOTH PHONES. YRJTE POR LITERATURS...
S B NBCA AND BLLiccn7 8T8.
MEN!
Thl•
Coupon
Qood
f'or
50
Cent.
W e Want you to try a pair
of those wonderf ul
Buf;alo Shoes
I 000 pair Men's $4.00 011 / 500 pair Boys all :solid hard
Grain Work. Shoes, 0 width
only
LOUIS MAISEL
.lrarr~ri(ar,...,
.r,~-~.
c.,,,,l, 011 CI,IAI,
Jr... ~,
,,.,.,~.u., s-~
...~ c""•,.· ·~ c....n.1,~
. . . .
12.45
knock School Shoes, size
1
I to 5 . . . . . 85o
Mens Good Clothing
lEIDY TO WEAl liD lADE TD OlDER
(UNION LABBL)
THE BEST IN THE <JTY FOR THE MONEY
FALL SUITS
All Goods Guuaatecd to ~Satidactioo.
THE ANDREW GRAHAM CO.
�J11E
MOSTM
· ~•clfltlts 61Jd :Jipp~lntmtllff
A.BB TBB
~lntst in Buff•!~
WANT AD. EYER PIIUIIED
pilei~.:~-=:';~= -:.!:!:b;':L'~~atr.-tap.
I ..., awar. ollbe Cao$1bU ~~ UDdertaken who b6&oac tD 1M T.-.. .W.
WI JOG.~ W~& .UI oner nppiJ the CKidA N q~ M&ow.
MY ANSWER
TllatJOD. • ._ dail &d1'..U..-I"aod I& UJ Uma lrefUM to tV1IWI &a.benm
DMCI DfiYW p&JI - •, ud m&J bold thk ad~
_, .. J'OU',.-.4
,....,..Ja.l
OQd$1
-I
.._ ... ,.... ...,
Ou'tfit No• l ................ ~-. ......
t..n.,
.
·•
•
• $37.00:
~
'
~ amb&lm~blad:
nro~
~~~t,~p~~~·~
~!!?.·~~?~;;=7a..~~~::$43.00
broWn habl&~k ~. ~ -=-.
~=:"·.~~pi~:~~~: .., .
. $55.00
Outfit No.4 ~:::~=~~~;I~:::::~:;::_:,::J~:
Outfit No: 3 ::!;:,aa•bed~um:o=:' =~~.~:,-::::
bcu1alnlt lD black or
ambalmla1,
e=·:.~~-=:~=.;rack~"':br:=:b::ech!t::~ barlalnh Of
burial permla., oo~plete c.re IU)C( au-daace. Tot.alooel • • $60.00
I GUARANTES all ULe 1oodt funWbeclaad the tenloM ~eNd 10 be
far 1uperlor to aDJ fumlahed b7 auJ olber UDden..ker 1.!1 Ba.tt&lo for l.ba U ·
orblw.t pr1ee~ l.be~7 will cbu,..
Bell Phoae, Od'ord 1111
"MR.· SMITH IS OUT. I DON1
KNOW·WHERE HE IS"Mr. Smlth had lett his office. No one
knew ~here: he migh.t be located.
So Mr. Smith lost an out~·town Bell
telephone call that almost certainly was.
important.
A recent 5-d.ay record in some of our
larger Exclsngcs brought out the ••ther
startling fact that. of aU out"f-town calls
not completed. 59 per cent was due to just
such situations.
This is not disinterested talk. We ap-preciate that such calls not completed mean
a loss to us.
It is · just as much a lOss to you, thoUgh.
Leave word where you can be located when
you leave your office. Our operators will
follow you up and complete every call when
it is in any way possible.
·
It will help us to serve you.
New York
Telephone Co.
T dephonc: Buildinr
.. Olurcb &: Franklin Shuts.
B.ULLETT'S SHOES
Union Made
HAVE A REPUTATION
THERE'S A REABOI
With our enormous output, combined with otlt'
cheap u pstairs
rent, we art in a
po~ilion to give
' ·alue5 that cannot be duplicated·
Madeof•cal
Leathu
.,
T~klnd
thatW~--·
dee:wb~:n!,
s2-:c:o"
to ~
:1
..1£
$4.00 .
'
H. S•.BULlETT, 56 ~~
IJ' YOU WAJI'l' YOUtt
Furs and Millinery
........_.,._.11811
•T
•:uur
QO TO LOUI8 A. ABIEUIOII
W• 1Mb a .ptdalQ' Ol' NpA&dq u4 al..... hn.
LO'IIST 8ED
l -~'---;.;-=..;0..;.;=~=;..;--;.;.;.;;;.;;;.•.;;-;;;;;;....;;
....
;:;;.;:-;::...._ _~
c
�I
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-11-15
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-11-15
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n076_19131115
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n076
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Buffalo a Bankrupt City
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist
-
https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/923604178303bd0d6d43dc7ff4803231.pdf
359ac52e9075a5aaed7aa97c72454230
PDF Text
Text
l.OOit AT THI! PWIIIIl2ll C1l
YOUR ADDRESS LA!I2L
IF I T I S
·
76
YOUR SUBSOUPTION J!lt.
PIRES NEXT WJ!I!I[
Cble.go--PrH.idellt John }'ii"J>atriek
or tbe llliaoi1 F ede.rat ioa of Labor. an
11011 ;~~~tl~~.:":'o;e
·
1 ~~~~~~~:.~;,;;:~~ Every Man on the Fence Was Either &ught Out or
Influenced-Election Shows Thousands of Dollars
Spent by Capitalist Class - Every Cent Will be
Paid for by the Workers-Vote About 5.,000. ·
to abo• , ••, li2 o•g•niu t ioo•
' 11 '"' "'"""'~· b..-.
�LHI-lt~(}@G-!t,
S• turd1p €wnlng,
nootmbtr /51/J,
Adwl~11"
16c..
Valuble l'rlu..
~~
\1l)
O.nta
We want you to try a Patr
of those wonderfuL
~uffalo ShoeS
I 000 pair Men's $4.00 Oil
Carting and Moving a'Spom:l•lTy
Boll Phone 19:JO.W.
!~ell !'hone, H u•ard 1777 J
Yede u 1 21!.3711
Napoleon Meyer s
I
N ew Y ork Life Ins. Co.
Spe<lu' .AKen•
A:l 9o~~" ~:~~~~f~
~=d~ vw.
HENRY F. BCHORB
Ba nd and O r Qho•tr
-- -~s:
;'lj,1rwood i\\·cnue.
r~«INrotriol.n tmd llltlltdolm
Da ily Socialist Pa pers
I Ilii line ul
munt bly ~nd "'"llo! kly 6to41 m t llt Nnd.
AI'I'Y.!'7.'1~)~ti~.AI\0S.
... 1reao.• ¥
only
.
. .
.
12.~
1500 palr Boys _all solid hard
1
knock School Shoes, s.Lze
I to 5 .
.
.
.. .
INio
~"' thi.J CoclpoG lO IU Bdalo Sho. Oo. bef- NOTeiiiMr lllh, qd b
•Ill beredeem&daame u60 Dtot.L.111op.eyn &oJ palr-of BQ.fl'llkl Bbon for
dre. oc- work,ts.bO, U·.<.O,M.OO.oriS.OJ.
oollPOD t.otbe pt.lr .
o..
Not food at&er No.efiJber 16&!1. 11111. ll'o& IJOOd oa tl.81 Barpla 8boei.
Nl..,ara Waterproof Uurw.oteed Doable Wear 8DIM OD
palf',
Special, Boy Seoot 8l>OM, tiaod m•de, wtU. N lapn Double WHr Sol-,
tlz.e1 10 LO II, 13 110; I LO li, p V5. .l~l t be s - . for School Da,..,
'"'tiY
Socialist News Depot
j,
Grain Work Shoes, D width
BP.l.l. PHONB,
[lldl
Jl...
HOW<~.R.D IJ 7,·R
J o e eph W uts
nurm1•••••·
LEONHARD SISTI
t ees Balloy A v enue.
Ligh t Groceri es
tiudryJttn~.
Soch•ll~t
ll.>t>kl ~n..t ll"ll"~lut'f. ·
All brand• ..r 1.:1~:.. r• 11ud l.:lg~ rtltt•.
~/~ '1/t.., ., . su~•'·
.ut.TB"O'R OPLEK, S62 BILOADWAT.
Dlftrlbutor or t.be
G. A R M E N A N T E
Wllll.llll lll ~111111
:::/:V"::...":::J Rnou-.
C/och 1111~
F ine Jewel.Jy Repairin'
Mens Good Clothing.
READY TO WEAl AID lADE Til OIDEII
( UNION L A.BBL)
THE BEST IN THE O TY FOR T HE MONEY
AlJ Good. Gua.ra.atccd to GiYC Sati&fac.Uoa.
THE ANDREW
GRAHAM·CO.
m·lflllll.. ..,. • .m.u ce.
IIIIIIS • •
380 MAIN &T: · (Up -&tal,.) Opp.ln>q)JOia l;fotd
IUll.l.HOW A ROIJI I •M
PRONTIBR4CI4•1
-OO TO-
LOUIS MAISEL
"TAKE THE· TALK TRAIN-.
~ TELE.PHOJf"
Jf.r11if•IVi C orp•ll , Oil Cl oiAI ,
.fl•-~. k••u • -'• '•(lilly S-.!1
••" CA/JolnHo"l
Your Bell telephone Is the terminal from which
talk trains.will start wbtnever YOU. wish.
c.,,._,.,
96:\·061 RROAD WAY
T wenty.fiv. mila or a ~) It's all one to
these trains.
'
-
II!~~~~~~~~~~
ut them cairy ·.,.,.;. yotce, yO<ir ideas, y.our per-.
sonal!ty. It's ~ plaln, <0mm0n ...,.. builncu to
make the proper US< ol the talk trains.
~~r~o:v~e ~~ 11~==""'==..,.===1
T o nearby ~ they- make bcttd tlme lf you
pl.u your c.alls by number, ~y ~ cpa k!W
Fall Suit. We an prepared to
T ime:
to immediate
think about
your
mcd
your
demand
witb a stcx:k that is absolutely
dc:akrs. $12 to $lO .for strictly
aU wool ba.od t&ilotd Suits and
we cuuaota: a 'ninr of $3 to
$a~c;::~~~·sft.so: silk
1iDtd thtoujbout.
R...a..m Coa.ta,$5 to $JS.
,R/1 U.~. nl~dt ~nd btOP
'~'
THE
fl•'•• ubtt
EIITER~IISE
8 91-893 Ge-
St.
1800 Jefferwon St.
'
"I
•
D>CaSii<o
New York
TerephonEt
. .
�'Fadlltlts and .Jipplinflllttds
£JIB THB
· 'FintSt In·Bu"11l~
pl*l(.: =:~~--=-:.:=r:::-.J.':~r#.,_._...
I-,...,..
oiiM ,_,.*'&btl U~ wbo........, • . .""T.- wGJ
w.....
wW ......,._.,.,. U.. ooUh11 u ,...._. ...-.,,
.U
,_Usa&
MY ANSWER
~JO'LMnu.k~-taod.IIN.71iJitei,..,_. IO fvlaWI.c-.
oadla ..... . . . . . 1"' .... - - paJII 01111, ud
.... -
JOU .-Ip$,
Outfit No...J
·'-
l.hlll-.4. . . .
:= ::=,~~~~m:::!.~tw!!=
. .. $37.0()
Outfit No.2
=.~·::r~:=;::;:~e!~""t!OKb..:
..,,.....,....,,
___
;;;/ ............ "-'- .. $43.00
Outfit
No.3 =,:.&Dl!b-'~~:~~~~
bllltal nalt lA black or browo babl~ b.,.., J!: _-., •mt.I.IDI.l:IC,
~~·· oo:-~~.~·~·
Acftate and •~IMorlbe fbr the
Jltrfdtet•Eettung.
TlMIGUJO......,...pq.bJU. . . . ous.AdaOf Maw Yorlt 01$7, repn.
...,.&be..__of-&bl Wontqota... - IIOoea• fOII' I ~W.
Ollb. 315-317 Gooaoo Sbut - -
_,bold
Buffalo, N •.Y.
~= ~nalt.. Oom~ eue ud UWGdauc..
•
$55.00
Outfit No.4 ~~~:.~o:r=~~~~:n:!=:=a:,::~:
~=·:.~~~-:!~i:;~e:ah~~r:':!:b:,",;:~IM, Mrlal uh...
burial per=IS. oo~~:~plete cue aod atteod111oe, ToW .,.,_, • •
I GUARANTEE t.lllbe 1ooc1t fiU1lllhiMI aod the eenloe. -.odertd 1o0 be
far 1a perlor 10 any f~labod bJ &DJ other IUldenaku b B a..fl:lllo for sbe U:·
orbltanl prleee they w1U cbarr•·
BeU Phoa-. Orlord 181
$60.()()
I a wbat the AUTOMATIC TBLB·
PHONB coDtracte h a ve been called··• nd ·
T!J~
A.UTO..VATICTB L B .0 RONB ia etDIIDCipa -
tloD from every tblot thMI
m11Jce~
aome ID spite of ita CODveni eiJce.
t el ephony Jrk-
•
It'a jiJat u dlatiiJct IIIJ a d van ce •~ )VIItJ the Jn v eiJtioll of word tranamlu lon. It '~ a t reld , telling
s tride ID pabllo IJervice I D Buffal o, 11nd w e are
r eapoueible f or It, tboatb It co~ t a s a mllllon .
CALL OUB OOlfTUAOT OEP.A.ItTMENT, ~. AND SIIOW l'OUR
.A.PP~,diON OP' OUR Kl'rOHT8 '1'0 SERY£ YOU BY SIGNING
A OONTKAO"r .
'
Federal Telephone & Telegraph Company
JOHN E. DAVEY CO.
GUTS FDBJIS8EBS
148 Genesee Street
We carry a complete line of
GENTS FURNISHINGS ·
and cater e s p eci ally to the
Union Trade ..
·.
�~
(.__....
BUFFALO SOOALIST PUIILISHING a>MPANY
~
Jbtv.a1 Ufe Buldl»a
HaNRT TVTTHlU.., ......_.,.
~604-605Mutu.t.IL&BulktJDa
~ Prb $1.00 pa-
BUP'l"ALO. N.Y.
PKA2Ut llltiUUU'IlJSD, T Y. fl. CATT.u.. ........
...... Ttl'f tmiS.Sl.JDt. ...-..,,
BUPPALQ. N.Y.
nDDAftOW ~01'
LdCif-
ne poUey...,t Ute :rw-tioa. »-riJ1i1
Ute ,.nr U.. doi,._,'"ot' th ·FW...U..
a:re looked dter b,. aa l:leaaltore Coe..o·
ell, «uiatiaj: of 111-t ..-Mn, wlto
are dedei· for OM ~·
. Ill 1111 U..e iaecae of t.be Ntrat1011
az1101111tlld \o $111,000, aH 111 ~ it
tbe reuo~ tllat the wotkers of
we,. DOt ea ;ret eeooo•IC..
for eod1 fo~ ot orc. .lu.tln;
woN., tbe Idea waa tbtre Ia
of Ole eoaditl011a Dettu&fY for
epplieatiOII.
l'eden.lioo of AJIIe.ritaa Ualoh
of L.: (l } 'I'M admiaiiUatioa fud,
'llfb.iell ie ra1Md boaa til a dllote of balf
a U llt pv moatla hom each meaibet
of bodi e. dlllatod wltll tbe Fedoratloa;
(:} tbe etrikt' f..tl, wbltll Ia n.IMd
frOm tbt. dDM dUiY.oJ fl'Vm II'IIC)I aaio-.1
u u ... ao aat.loli.al orpalzaUoa aad
,.... ,.:!,t.;:'a:,~~:: ~=-~,.. tDa!h ~ the A. r:
""''SOt. lib: -u., P'T.W. to ..tYuc:.
~·
El~tion
ia 0\'er , the 1)()l!tician11 LAk e a re11t , _the o rdina ry citizen
w n:nrl l!tll wht•lhc r t hc result 111 ':"ort h a ll_ the e x ettcment of the cam.
Pill~':!· but for II~ n n ew campllll-'11 h~'~ J_llllt be gun, not only for the
~~~..:::;:,~:r ~nZ,l~;~~::;~;. lmt fo r the Wlutl!ug o r hend11 and hearts for
.
.
.
.
0
.uauou
Tlte AJuritaa ~ratfou or :r..·
bor-or u it . . . Uo-ira at it. iac.ept.ioiJ u U..e Yeden.lU>11 ot Aaleritu
Ual~e iate a:btnce prt.arll]'
.. • protMt ud a r..rlloa apiut. tile
eo•-bt rad.leal aad~""'-trilU,e4 aaloa
u t.be X.!Pt. or X.bor.
.
tb~
.!i!~~::.. ~;~;:::. ;:~e~tr~~ ·J';'=~ ::!"<:~
.
'-' a'-ld u..j - i t . th o~
r..l011 to . ...,. putie.iu potitieal puty,
ad
qtta\M ........- Ur:et tad•eJ
orery
u4 -..... t.be ~n
wu b&UJ' ..-lthd to •
-rote, tbe n.t~-J-ri~ ot
lle oreted .pian pcilttlal
t-,.
.un,tr,
=
e:
u.,~ ::;'e,.1 ~:r.ward
u..
frieodt . .d pu.a'-11 U..e eoetnl• ot la·
bor."
Oetuioll&liJ attn~pte beore beet
.-.de to org&lilie a labor pe.rty, bot for
rae , _ , or otlulr tlleJ bne t..a
'IIIIID-r.tl. 111.e Maden of t he DlliO'IIt
kaore Uttk or 110 eooldeKe Ia t b.e r&d:
:,•::. ~.11:0:~~~~:.'6/tbl:':~~~~~·=:~~
••r
11aa!:
tio~ of Labor. " Tbe federalie~ eo•· wllich tb~ Federation i• boldla1 .. tru - " a .rn100
tbe le.del"' cauot
ain11 of uatio~al aod iutf!rutional 1111. tee for 101n11 o11ioa.
eommlt tke Federatloo to aoy poliHeal
ioo1, wbicb have membertr in .'b~ ~~!ted
It ~aJ be ~d t¥t the aeeret ; , tba I*" Y··
'
Slall!fl, C111111d11 and Porto Rrco, Fed· llnaDelal atre-t~atll of Lbe A. F. of L.
Thre are a&IIJ wi!!ll orp.lli&&d tr&dfll
1
11
11
:;.'ni'::,;::.•·
:.:::.c;o
...A. F.
~~~~~~~~~~~:~'~:,:'t '~":o~:~~~~~r~~~t11 :g~;~~ ':~:~·~~;:· ~!cr~~ ~~~"~~~
~~;b:;:
~~~~::::; ~.:::7:~~~~t111~•;.::;u::: ~~~o':~n.: 11: ::',;~~~
~~~~~~i~.~~~~!~.~~;~~~~~~ c17~~tlen\~Uh;~~~7.'~h~h~·o~~;~n!r ~~;'al:n~ r ep- ;';~ lb;bl·~~-~~::!~"'~m::~ •;b~:;:e!:. ::t:~~·~ e::,;o:n"Ze~·~:~:~-::: ~:..N;:~~a=tatlall ?f .....,,~ I oufactu"o<,
of
reiWnt..llt l\' e 111 thetr o wn •·1ty <'OUiil'IL
ben m_ of dilftNIII trade. wbleb biTe will tbe }'ede.f1!t.io<~ a..,.. jta aeoeral St eam Fitten, aod the
The workc n1 lun ··· tlt·cid cd the lollttll' and they h11n! d ec ided it nat ... ye
fteed
' forn~ios •• or- membership aad tbu 01111 for aii.U\ed Uai...
11 Wfll th eir Ullt jlll'llliono.hlc privilege to do 110, P 1111-'lioll of
r aw ·
. period..
llany anloa1 taoror
11~11 inHI tllcmlleh·o•~t.
:•,:~~:~~:~~a~~~~~~~~~~ r1~~:~·,, ··.~;~:i~~l;·~~~~~~i1~1 ~·~::~~~~~;11~~~- 1~r~Jt~r;!'e,~;t~:~tf::~ ofT~=~Ia~~~~~~:o:~'~;:~nu~it1 ":u;;~ er~~=~~ r;::::.'u1110e;'!~~0!e~e ~; ~:de .~::·::~r~l!.lu bave
in t•hoO!Iilll(' r••j)ri.'llt·lllllli \'f·~ of t lw lUIIIIter cll\1111 who at least unde r·
!<.!lind RIHI_III'PI'<'<'illlt' tho• \' Rhlt' of p uhl ic pow~r lind know lJOw ton~
it f u r tlwtr u wn l•t·lwfit. lltll the ll'orke rs wtll hll\'t' to foot t he hrll
ruul lwllr t)Jt• t·otllll'fiiii'IH"i'll. 1111d if t hr•y nrt· not to their lik ing. they
~lt\:t.' HI ll'll~l the 1111.tillf11.dion that t lwy nrr l('l'Hi n g w"h.at tl1 ey were
J"!'rf« t .a.otoDomy ' 0 n a _I01'trnmeat. b
latl!e t ltiH tbe <'~rioo• ualo_n• bne a
Ce.~tr~l La!~'" Unooo or 11 CIIJ Trade-.
Count •!, wh•ch Ia coom~d ot de.l~al~
~:::. e•·ery trade onloa 111 lllat ,eltr or
eompo..ed ot 150 utioll&l ud inWaa·
tlonal ullloq, U •tate. federation•, 83
eeatn~l labor unlowr LDd u federal
Dllio~s.
•
The b~t organized lnde 1, tbe prilll-
tto.rdl• of ubltratioll 111 labor
Caolda lau re-ed a <'Ompulaory
tratloa taw, wbkb Ia looktd upoa
favorably bJ t he wor ku..
The A.}'. Or L. au rrO vnl ..erul
\QIIIl g for . . .
.
· .
.
.
Ear b atllle ba• 111 "Stale Federatioa i11g trade. It b k11own u tbe lJitena. bel; eatk trod• h11 a label of ltl
. Tlw Soeta h11LII ha n• doni' th~~lr ~~ut,L 1111(1 they w 11! coutm ue to do of l.abor, .. «lDiiJt.ing of del~gate~~ f rom tioul Typoarapbleal Uoloi. :Silltty· Tbe AJIIII!rleao Fed.ratlou of
~:.~~-~~~~~t;~·;rt'l\~~~~=:~:r~t~~:0;o~~~':~n1~~~-\~~:~i~~;~~~~~~-'~~:~l~h;et~11~~~~~~8P?.'alist ~~=m ",~:o;:•:a:~:~io~:~e; ,.:~~:u•:'~,~:!
i.~O:;;- :,~ 10h,~=~:. ri:, e:,!: ~~~ :!' ~~~b~:--~~;1
8
:::;
.1 1 .
1
.
.
.
.
wilbin the • J.te. Tbe obj~t of tb- •pent t-5,000~ for en ei&llt lloor day i11eeptlo11 11 bee
\\'t- h11n• uo p e rlltllll\l llll l'rrMI ~ m th111 matte r Apart from the In· t.ih · an•l •Urte ff'•lt rltioo1 Ia to aid aad a«ttatloa, wb1~b proved. •oceufol. Tbe ch&lll" ;0 polieJ &lid
to·r••MI or t he working people to w h ich we belong. But lUI membera
,.;
thd
r
influence
ht
wh.uever.rnaon~r
rresl
belt
orguized
trad~
are
the
t
loa.
The
rs.ak
eod
file
11
t h 1• wurkint: o·lnllll wt· Hrt• hi~o:h ly iut t ro'fiiCd in tht' N'OIIOIIlH.' nnd
I·
for tbe bf.nellt of tbe labor building traa..-, tbe brewtl')' workera, all.e ttlt~ 111 order to tr..
ticnl nu1nipu lntiou of that 1' 111~"· nnd the ouleomc of th e I
i
tbe rai! N~ed workera, tbe boot aad eliot tbeir eonu11o11 ece•,.
n~nin l' r0\' l'li to 1111 thnt the intt·ll~:cllu!l e mnneip11tion of the
fonVentlonl of \be Amerl· worhrtr, tbe elpnu.ktra aod tome of ttle1 roort Of1'&ailte i11 a _,,., ....,, .,. ••.•.
11111111 prt·ced•• the ir !IOCilll ('1/lHiwipll t ion.
_
of Ubor take pl•ee an- the Deedle tra~.
will make t.bfl'll etra111 aad ·
Hi ~ttt n rt ing _i" 1~0! to he r XJ>I'Ct ed unle!IJI ".~~'" h11vr lll lllined .
I 11 whlcb' tbe unite of I be Fed·
Tbe 1"-' 1~:5 _proved to be' a eritieal abl@
. Tile teadeaey loward i'··•···'""'"M'"<S
are eatillf'd to u marrr d~le- yur !11 lbe llt1 o( labor ooiooa. TH ortnlatloa l01t•d of f'r&h
11 J, 11it 1· o f right t h111 k1111('. und it 11hall ])(·our bti&IIH'f\11 t o promote
th inking nmo nJ; our ft-llow workl'rll.
lbey cboo.e to eleet, whb bot uy for .pelit.ieal a.et>oo
iuelf lion i• crowinr nronge.r
Th~:rc ir; u,;efu l work for Hll of us to d o. t·or11rlltlcll. useful
for every four tbo~ruad mem· hurd. · Tbe Mdera, bowe..er, foreaaw many Dlliou «&clay are
,. 1111 oblin~o: work. ,.,lifying work. that will call fortl1 tlw hcHI thrlt
eoATentio~• du ide upo11 tbe daDJtr •bit b woold befaU tbe ao· tbe way tor tAt form
lUi nnd ta x u ll nur nhilitic11 to the utmoKI. !.t·l UK de\'Oit' 11.11 ou< l =~~~~~~~~=j~~~~~~~~~..,.~~~~~~~~~· I ~~L~'
i " •W•' rll 11nd t•!lf' r~o:"i•·~ 1•• it . l.l't 1111 IO'i\'C 0 1!r wholt' live." to the
a11d robbery, b111 1b11
tin111lu•d tn~ k of nrouKing th•· mlllll<h< t n o;n•·lnl ~elf-con!ICIOUSIICBII
prn1111t 1_:1'111!111 of
teo tlw IWII!If' of r;ot·iRI ()uty and r c11ponsi hility. J,e t us dedica t e
lion by wblcb tb.e workf'n
ot I he fruita of lbeir labor
IWII' t•li t u th e llp\t•/t<Jitl 1110\'e iiH'Ilf w\tit·h iN dt>Kt int::d ~)' th~ ':ery
A
poli(e
.-bief
bad
tbe
audacity
to
denied
a lair cobu ce of
nwl ro'n l iti··~ o f Ol.lr rn01lern Jifl' to lil>t-rnt f' t h~: worktng mtlhotLM
· t ha t i f lbe .,.ork.-r• would only hfl •le•·elopment. A11d t he
th•· o· r~~t·lllt~poti!trn o f fo•l!.r, i~tun~u t• ~··· Rnflt>apitMiiflt . exploita 1ion.
111d not .-n•·r tbe ri(b, I
tbi1 gTtlt &lid u~h-tnoal
init utto- 11 llt' W, 11 r.-ul1.1· lmrnun cn·ihr.utin n .
IMl greatly r.-dueed.
of th.e dl.eontentcd wotk!!nla
hOt· lt't~·.
• •de
probt~m•,
]Hil l:.
IN THE SA ME BOAT
un 1tcr•l aod -••1
but ;r
If ,n lll !'"""''!!.'! t lw 1110•1111s to ; njuy Jifr. ;•njny _it. fori~ will not ]w;t kno..·• bi~ boainHs al all h!! must ko_aw
hu t 11,.,-,.r furf.l•'l thut _v our [if,. i~ honml u p With the 1~··('1; ?f uthe r11, .
I he workera " a rule are 1101 er~m·
~;:: ~.: : .~·;,;~','~i:,~·;:; ,: : : ·,~. .1:~:::::~:,~:::::~::~:.' ::;,:;•;:::!:~~~·;.::i,:":C;
lllt'lllt~ nf •·:~: i~lt·IIN'.
, >I •• betau~~t~ o.oe.l~ty ba1 rob- riiJbtttolly beloap, ll&mely, upotl
o_f ~very opportunity to make sb011lden of eapitati•t 110eietr wbiell
hTtng by lllllful W'Of k.
a Teritlble bot~ of eriminaii!J.
·
l
1.1111 rt'>ll t'tlillo·ut with t lw wo·ll. fomldo•(] 1'011\"lciiOII !hill 110
p11Wo·r f'll /1 into•rf;•r•· with tlwir rig"ht t u a dt'l'f'nl li,·in~t.
1t i11. tl~o•rduro·. IIHI mo·ro• t~t•ntiuwtliHiity. it ifl our w·,•ll·ou"I'·~Oood
i uto•t"l">~l t lult prumpts 11.~ '" tnk1· 11 lin•ly intrrellt in
1111.'1<. ~hnrl\•nm inl.,'li 111111 t•lllit•II\'Otli of our rdJowrnen .
1.ur o wn .. xi!ll\•11!'' '"' ur 1· inlt•rwovo•n wit h tht' thn•ncl>< o f
:dl •'lnlou rk•·•l in t ho· l<lt lllf' hnnL R!ld if tllllt fuunders we
wr.···k··•l.
I" "'"
W HAT H AVE YOU DONE?
.\ II t lw t lro·"l"t•l i<·lll n• futnt io n~ so-•·nll,... l of SociRii~nr Hro• ll!Htble
o·h11n~•· tlrt· ,·.. nditintr .,f tllilllo,'l< wl1wh rnnko• ~·inlism IH'<'•·ss.n ry
uw•·ttnl •l•··
t in,· ,.,..~.·u t uo l ··hntr![•• is uu r '""·in\ •·nnolit iOtl-t tcud iu~ lu ·
hurdo·llll .,f tlw wnrki nc pt·nph· wnultl lw lt. liH!t'll he llrr 1\1111 I
ntwillll Ur,l!\lllll'n\ H)!Hiii!;J ~- inJi~lll th1111 nil t ho• t'llltliY I II
t1111wi1tlio ns lnun.-!~t·•l n j!ninst it. But tu• such efft'tll\"C ·
· I
ln.•o·!l nllt•UI!Jh•d h,r tlw rulill,l! o•]H"-"''~~ uw l tho·ir poli~ical
llo·llo'f'. t ho•t'OIIIph•h • fn ilurt• in tlwrr vttin eiTnrt to 11[\root
thflllf.lhhl in lht• h••ntl11 111111 ht•nrlll of t hQik• whu 1111\'t• Olll~l'
l>iJC~li rir&IICf' nf tilt' Su1•iRli11t 1110\'{'/llCill.
T o Rll thO!<t' tl~·uuncint i•Jml a.nd icllo• lit'CiamHtiotlll
t.ho•r.• nlwa.v" !'f'llll!.itul the c rus hiut: re p l,• ·: \\'tlat han· you
'"~"li•t l•••.,;;,;ou
whn\~;:.,;:::' :!o~~·~r~o8(~;;~~;~;';, ~:~~;:~~~~:,::~ :;:Iii~~::~ of
!"inn~. tlw " tleft r t ru~I L'tl uri~hhorli .. of t h e offiN·· hnntt·r. the "
itll••lli)..>t•nt work in!O'nu-n •· uf tlw IIJ•nil.stnllll hit\'1'! 11ga.iu hl....'OIIlC the
trus ll. t ho• ij!uOrll nl (•rowd . tlw ,· ilt· mn lt itmle dt:m~n·in~ to. be
wink.~]. •h~·t·h·t..J nud hrnwl~o•uto•n hy tht· master IUHltl" of liOCiety
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter.
This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Language
A language of the resource
en
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Newspaper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Buffalo Socialist, 1913-11-08
Subject
The topic of the resource
Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals.
Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913-11-08
Relation
A related resource
MicFilm HX1 .B83
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
application/pdf
Language
A language of the resource
en
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Newspapers
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v02n075_19131108
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2018-06-12
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers
LIB-021
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
v02n075
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
United States
New York
Erie County
Buffalo
Table Of Contents
A list of subunits of the resource.
Socialist Increase
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information.
Buffalo Socialist